OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Knight Park–Howell Station

Knight Park–Howell Station, also known as Howell Station Historic District, is a National historic district and neighborhood in, Atlanta, Georgia. Almost all buildings in the area were destroyed in the American Civil War, in Sherman's March to the Sea, and all of the buildings in the district were built after 1864. The neighborhood was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.
# Blackthorn Peak

Blackthorn Peak, also known as Black Thorn, is a 4,117 foot (1,255 meter) mountain summit located at the head of Glacier Bay's Geikie Inlet in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, in the Fairweather Range of the Saint Elias Mountains, in southeast Alaska. The mountain is situated immediately east of Geikie Glacier, 80 mi (129 km) west-northwest of Juneau, and 2.5 mi (4 km) north of Threesome Mountain, which is the nearest higher peak. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant since the mountain rises up from tidewater in a little over two miles. The mountain was given its descriptive name in 1896 by Harry Fielding Reid, an American geophysicist who studied glaciology in Glacier Bay. Weather permitting, Blackthorn Peak can be seen from Glacier Bay, which is a popular destination for cruise ships. The months May through June offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing the peak.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Blackthorn Peak is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone, with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Saint Elias Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Glacier Bay Basin.

## Gallery

* Blackthorn Peak from Geikie Inlet, with Contact Peak to left
# Royal Bowling Center

The Royal Bowling Center is a bowling alley located in Seoul, South Korea. It hosted the bowling demonstration events during the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Fu Hsiao-han

Fu Hsiao-han (Chinese: 傅筱涵; pinyin: Fu Xiǎohán; born September 14, 1985) is a Taiwanese former swimmer, who specialized in backstroke events. Fu qualified for the women's 100 m backstroke at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by achieving a FINA B-standard of 1:05.43 from the National University Games in Taipei. She challenged seven other swimmers in heat two, including 14-year-olds Anastassiya Prilepa of Kazakhstan and Olga Gnedovskaya of Uzbekistan. She raced to sixth place by a 2.25-second margin behind winner Kiera Aitken of Bermuda in 1:06.62. Fu failed to advance into the semifinals, as she placed thirty-seventh overall in the preliminaries.
# Tu quoque defense

The tu quoque defense (Latin for 'you too') asserts that the authority trying a defendant has committed the same crimes of which they are accused. It is related to the legal principle of clean hands, reprisal, and "an eye for an eye". The tu quoque defense does not exist in international criminal law and has never been accepted by an international court.
Tu quoque was invoked during the Nuremberg trials. In the trial of Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie, the controversial lawyer Jacques Vergès argued that during the Algerian War, French officers such as General Jacques Massu had committed war crimes similar to those with which Barbie was being charged, and therefore the French state had no moral right to try Barbie. This defence was rejected by the court, which convicted Barbie.
# Great Balsam Mountains

The Great Balsam Mountains, or Balsam Mountains, are in the mountain region of western North Carolina, United States. The Great Balsams are a subrange of the Blue Ridge Mountains, which in turn are a part of the Appalachian Mountains. The most famous peak in the Great Balsam range is Cold Mountain, which is the centerpiece of author Charles Frazier's bestselling novel Cold Mountain. Other notable peaks include Richland Balsam, which is the highest peak in the range, Black Balsam Knob, and Mount Pisgah.
The crest of the range is known as the Pisgah Ridge, and for the majority of its length forms the border between Haywood County to the north, Jackson County to the southwest, and Transylvania County to the southeast. The far eastern part of the range forms the border between Buncombe and Henderson Counties. Several towns are located in the valleys surrounding the range, including Brevard, Cullowhee, Waynesville, Canton, and the southwest suburbs of Asheville.
The Blue Ridge Parkway runs along its length and at Richland Balsam (milepost 431), the Parkway is at its highest point (6053 feet). Large portions of the range are part of Pisgah or Nantahala National Forest, making the area popular for recreation. The Middle Prong and Shining Rock Wildernesses are located in the center of the range and are both part of Pisgah National Forest. Several waterfalls are located in the range, such as Looking Glass Falls, Moore Cove Falls, and the waterfalls of Graveyard Fields.

## Peaks

* Richland Balsam – 6410 feet
* Black Balsam Knob – 6214 feet
* Mount Hardy – 6120 feet
* Reinhart Knob – 6080 feet
* Grassy Cove Top – 6040 feet
* Tennent Mountain – 6040 feet
* Sam Knob – 6040 feet
* Cold Mountain – 6030 feet
* Shining Rock – 6040 feet
* Chestnut Bald
("Mountain heights". Peakbagger.com.)

## Other landmarks

* Balsam Gap
* Devil's Courthouse
* Judaculla Rock (see Tsul 'Kalu; photos)
* Tanasee Bald (see Tsul 'Kalu)

## Flora

The area consists of a transition forest between the southern Appalachian spruce–fir forest (which resembles forest types found at northern latitudes) and the mixed deciduous forests of temperate America.

### Trees

The following trees are at higher elevations:
* Fraser fir ("balsams" or "She balsams"). Forests of these trees appear black from a distance; however, these trees are declining due to the balsam woolly adelgid.
* Red spruce ("He balsams"). The red spruce is distinguished from the Fraser fir by having bark whose rosin cannot be milked (hence, "He balsams") and by having hanging cones.

### Shrubs

* Catawba rhododendron
* Flame azalea
* Mountain laurel
* Rhododendron
* Flame azalea
* Mountain laurel
# Baseball in Italy

Baseball is a growing, minor sport in Italy. The sport is governed by the Italian Baseball Softball Federation (Italian: Federazione Italiana Baseball Softball, or FIBS). Founded in 1948, the Italian Baseball League (officially the Serie A) is the highest level of professional baseball in Italy.

## History

The Spalding World Tour of 1889 brought baseball to Italy for the first time, playing three matches in the country. On February 19 in Naples, the All-Americans, a selection of all-star players from the National League won 8-2 against the Chicago White Stockings; on the 23rd at Rome in Piazza di Siena in Villa Borghese, Chicago won 3-2; and on the 25th, in Florence, the All-Americans won 7-4. A second American tour passed through Italy in February 1913, conducted by the Chicago White Sox. After failing to find a suitable field in Naples and experiencing unconducive weather in Rome, the team left Italy without playing a single game.
The real establishment of baseball in Italy began in 1919 under the leadership of Max Otto. A native of Turin under the name Mario Ottino, he spent several years in United States where he became a baseball fan. He returned to Italy after the First World War with equipment and the desire to develop the sport there. The other father of Italian baseball is the Rome native Guido Graziani, who had been organizing matches in Rome since 1920. Despite Otto and Graziani's best efforts, baseball failed to gain interest in Italy. When Benito Mussolini's fascist government established sabato fascista ("fascist Saturday"), a mandatory day of sporting and military exercise, baseball was excluded due to its American origins.
The arrival of American soldiers in Italy in 1944 changed the situation. Max Otto took the opportunity to relaunch his idea of an Italian league. The first official match played under the authority of Lega Italiana Baseball and was held on June 27, 1948 in Milan.
With the support of the press and powerful partners, particularly Coca-Cola, the debut of this league was a popular success. In Rome, Guido Graziani set up the Associazione Italia Baseball. The two leagues merged in 1950 to create the Federazione Italiana Palla Base, today known as the FIBS (Federazione Italiana Baseball Softball).
Alessandro Maestri has criticized the development of baseball in Italy in recent years, saying that the shrinking of the Italian Baseball League in 2010, in an effort to professionalize it, would decrease the motivation for young Italian players to develop in the domestic league.

## National team

The Italian national baseball team is considered amongst the strongest in the European Baseball Championship.
The Italian baseball team takes part in international competitions, such as European Championships, Olympic Games, World Baseball Classic or the Baseball World Cup in particular. The national team finished fourth in the World Cup in 1974 and 1998, the national team has eight European championship titles between 1954 and 1997.
# Delaplaine McDaniel School

Delaplaine McDaniel School is a historic K-8 school located in the Point Breeze neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is part of the School District of Philadelphia. The building was designed by Irwin T. Catharine and built in 1935–1937. It is a three-story, 16 bay, yellow brick building in the Art Deco-style. It features three zigzag brick and limestone panels, brick pilasters with stepped capitals, and entrances with limestone pilasters. The school was named for the Philadelphia Quaker iron ore manufacturer and merchant Delaplaine McDaniel (1817–1885), who left funds for the establishment of the school.
The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
Residents zoned to McDaniel are zoned to South Philadelphia High School.
# Mount Russell (California)

Mount Russell is a peak in the Sierra Nevada mountain range in the U.S. state of California, about 0.8 miles (1.3 km) north of Mount Whitney. Possessing an elevation of 14,094 feet (4,296 m), it is the seventh-highest peak in the state and one of California's twelve fourteeners.

## Geography

Mount Russell is located on the Sierra Crest, which in this area marks the boundary between the John Muir Wilderness, the Inyo National Forest and Sequoia National Park; and the boundary between Inyo County and Tulare County. It rises just southwest of Tulainyo Lake, one of the highest and largest of the alpine lakes of the southern Sierra.

## History

The peak was named for Israel Cook Russell, an American geologist who was a member of the Wheeler Survey and who was best known for his explorations in Alaska.

## Climbing

The first ascent of Mount Russell was on June 24, 1926, by famed Sierra mountaineer Norman Clyde. It offers climbers at least a dozen routes, from multiple scrambling routes (class 3) to a serious technical route (Grade IV, 5.10).
Mount Russell sees far less traffic than its much more famous neighbor Mount Whitney. However, since its southern and eastern slopes fall in the Mount Whitney Zone of the Inyo National Forest, these approaches are governed by stricter access limits. From May to October, only ten people per day are permitted to enter the North Fork of Lone Pine Creek for overnight use. Day-use climbers are grouped with the Whitney Main Trail day-use quota. This puts climbers on Russell's most common approaches in competition with climbers on Whitney's popular Mountaineer's Route, and also with the Main Trail users.
# Liberia women's national basketball team

The Liberia women's national basketball team is the national basketball team representing Liberia. It is administered by the Liberia Basketball Federation.
It appeared at the 2005 FIBA Africa Championship for Women qualification stage.
# Fulton–Favreau formula

The Fulton–Favreau formula was a proposed formula of amendment of the Constitution of Canada developed by federal justice minister E. Davie Fulton and Quebec Liberal Guy Favreau in the 1960s. The Fulton–Favreau formula would have achieved the patriation of the Constitution.

## Amending formula

Under the formula, all provinces would have to approve amendments that would be relevant to provincial jurisdiction including the use of the French and English languages, but only the relevant provinces would be needed to approve amendments concerned with a particular region of Canada. Two-thirds of the provinces representing half of the population, as well as the federal Parliament, would be needed for amendments regarding education.

## Debate

During the negotiations, a number of controversies arose over the Fulton–Favreau accord, including that the unanimity constituted a "strait jacket" that would make the Constitution too difficult to amend. The premier of Saskatchewan also argued that the debates over Canadian federalism, particularly the increasing decentralization being pushed for by regional leaders such as Quebec Premier Jean Lesage, threatened to render the federal government powerless, to the "point of no return", at which point Canada would no longer be a viable entity. In turn, Lesage argued he was merely pushing for Quebec and French Canada to fully develop their rightful roles within Canada.
New Democratic Party leader Tommy Douglas also expressed concern that, while the patriation of the Constitution would be beneficial, the new Constitution would "entrench" property and civil rights. This would make the jurisdictional issue amendable only by unanimity, which would potentially threaten growth of labour legislation, medicare and other social services.

## Legacy

Though the formula officially died in 1965 when Quebec Premier Lesage withdrew his support, a modified version of this formula was finally adopted in 1982, with the enactment of the Constitution Act, 1982 and the patriation of the Canadian Constitution.
# Eclipse of Reason

Eclipse of Reason is a 1987 anti-abortion documentary video directed, filmed, and narrated by Bernard Nathanson, with an introduction by Charlton Heston. Eclipse of Reason is a follow-up to Nathanson’s first film The Silent Scream. The film is perhaps most known for its controversial depiction of a dilation and evacuation (D&E) abortion. The subject matter of this film focuses more on the moral implications of abortion. It served as Nathanson’s call to the women of the world to end the practice of abortion. This film, as well as The Silent Scream, was instrumental in the Right to Life Committee's garnering the attention of the United States public regarding the issue of abortion.
Eclipse of Reason represented the argument that the fetus is human, and therefore abortion is murder. The film also serves to combat critics to The Silent Scream who argue that, although Nathanson claimed the film relied only on imagery and not pejorative speech, the film was heavily reliant on upon the language of the narrator. Therefore, Eclipse of Reason delivers the same message that abortion is murder, with similar imagery as its predecessor The Silent Scream; however, to avoid the previous objection of language over imagery Eclipse of Reason asks it viewers to consider reason rather than using emotionally charged narration.

## Overview

Eclipse of Reason shows a late term abortion occurring sometime after the fourth month of pregnancy. The film focuses on the limbs of the fetus while in the womb then proceeds to show the abortion in graphic detail. While the fetus in Nathanson’s previous film was little more than a black and white pulsating image, the fetus in Eclipse of Reason was shown vividly in full color.
Different women who have had abortions and suffered harmful effects from the procedure give testimony later in the film.
Nathanson concludes Eclipse of Reason with a montage of photographs that depicts his idea of opposing worlds, one filled with abortions and one without abortions. He argues that we cannot achieve a “World of Reason” without completely eliminating abortions.

## Critical reception

According to Newsweek, the film is "harder for critics to dismiss as misleading" than was The Silent Scream.
Eclipse of Reason is most heavily criticized for its idealization of the “World of Reason” and for creating a dichotomy that may not exist in between the two hypothetical worlds. According to one set of critics Nathanson created a world of good (pro-life) versus evil (pro-choice), which directly opposed his intention of creating a film devoid of any sort of emotionally charged language.
# List of Romanian artists

The following is a list of notable Romanian artists.

## Romanian notable artists

* Theodor Aman
* Ion Andreescu
* Corneliu Baba
* Sabin Bălaşa
* Horia Bernea
* Constantin Brâncuși
* Victor Brauner
* Doina Bumbea
* Ștefan Câlția
* Silvia Cambir
* Henri Catargi
* Alexandru Ciucurencu
* Horia Damian
* Eugen Drăguţescu
* Ion Grigorescu
* Lucian Grigorescu
* Nicolae Grigorescu
* Marcel Iancu
* Sorin Ilfoveanu
* Petre Iorgulescu-Yor
* Alexandru Istrati
* Ştefan Luchian
* Ioan Măric
* Paul Neagu
* Romul Nuțiu
* Dimitrie Paciurea
* Neculai Păduraru
* Theodor Pallady
* Stefan Pelmus
* Dan Perjovschi
* Gheorghe Petrașcu
* Ștefan Râmniceanu
* Camil Ressu
* George Ștefănescu
* Eustațiu Stoenescu
* Ion Theodorescu-Sion
* Nicolae Tonitza
* Ion Țuculescu
* Tristan Tzara
* Andra Ursuța
# Great Gulf

The Great Gulf is a glacial cirque, or amphitheater-like valley head formed from a glacier by erosion, located in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. The cirque's walls are formed, from south to north, by the mountainsides of Mount Washington (6,288 ft; 1,917 m), Mount Clay (5,533 ft; 1,686 m), Mount Jefferson (5,716 ft; 1,742 m), Mount Adams (5,799 ft; 1,768 m), and Mount Madison (5,366 ft; 1,636 m). It is drained by the West Branch of the Peabody River.
The Great Gulf Wilderness is a protected wilderness area encompassing the cirque of the Great Gulf, and is part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. Established in 1964, Great Gulf is New Hampshire's oldest and smallest wilderness area, comprising just 5,552 acres (22.47 km$^2$).
# Darkesville, West Virginia

Darkesville is an unincorporated community in Berkeley County, West Virginia, United States. Established in 1791, Darkesville has been nationally recognized as a historic district.$^{:7}$
A post office and school (now closed) once operated in Darkesville.

## Geography

Darkesville lies between Inwood and Martinsburg along U.S. Route 11. The community's elevation is 535 feet (163 m), and it is located at 39°22′25″N 78°1′30″W﻿ / ﻿39.37361°N 78.02500°W﻿ / 39.37361; -78.02500.
Middle Creek flows through the center of Darkesville.

## Name

Established by an act of the Virginia General Assembly on December 7, 1791, on the property of James Buckells, Darkesville is named for William Darke, a Virginia military officer who had his headquarters in the community.$^{:7}$ Historically, Darkesville has been known by various names and a wide variety of spellings. An 1895 atlas showed the community as "Buckletown", and later variants included "Buckellstown", "Buckels Town", "Buckelstown", "Buckle Town" and "Bucklestown", all referring to the entrepreneurial James Buckles (1732-1796) who contributed land and laid out the town in 1790. "James Town" and "Locke" have also been applied to the community. Its current name has also been spelled "Darkes" and "Darkville".

## Historic district

In 1980, the community was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district. Darkesville was recognized for its historic architecture, which includes approximately twenty-five buildings constructed as log cabins in 1810 or earlier.$^{:2,12,13}$

## External sources

"Darkesville: A Name Born of Tragedy," 8thVirginia.com (Gabriel Neville)
# Delaware Boundary Markers

The Delaware Boundary Markers historic district is located along the state boundary lines between Delaware and Maryland, and between Delaware and Pennsylvania. The district includes 94 contributing sites along the Mason–Dixon line and includes the Transpeninsular Line, Post Marked West site, Tangent Line, the Arc Corner, and the Twelve-Mile Circle.
The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 18, 1975, for its significance in engineering and politics/government.

## Description

The markers are mainly on three parts of the Delaware boundary. First, the southern boundary with Maryland along the Transpeninsular Line from Fenwick Island to the Midpoint Marker, the first crownstone set by Mason and Dixon. Second, the western boundary with Maryland from the Transpeninsular Line Midpoint Marker to the boundary with Pennsylvania at the Tri-State Monument. Third, the northern boundary with Pennsylvania, the Twelve-Mile Circle. In addition, the starting measurement point, the Post Marked West, and the boundary from the Arc Corner Monument to the Tri-State Monument are included in the district.

## Gallery

* Delaware–Maryland–Pennsylvania Tri-State Monument
* Arc Corner Monument
* Post Marked West site
# Mount Shaw

Mount Shaw is a mountain located in the towns of Moultonborough and Tuftonboro in Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. It is part of the remains of an ancient volcanic ring dike. With a summit elevation of 2,990 feet (911 m), it is the highest of the Ossipee Mountains.
The Ossipee ring-dike complex of central New Hampshire is a visible remnant of a 125 million year old Cretaceous stratovolcano, a member of the later White Mountain igneous province. The complex is circular as viewed on maps and has a diameter of 9 miles (14 km). The ring-dike complex is easy to identify within web-browsed satellite images, with its southeast edge located about 5 miles (8 km) northwest of the town center of Ossipee.
Although of only moderate elevation, the topographic isolation of the Ossipee Mountains gives Shaw 2,330 ft (710 m) of prominence above the low ground separating it from the nearby Sandwich Range, the southernmost peaks of the White Mountains, making it one of twelve peaks in New Hampshire with a prominence over 2,000 feet (610 m).
Mount Shaw is located within the Castle in the Clouds estate. Its north and southeast sides drain into the Lovell and Dan Hole rivers, thence into the Ossipee River, Saco River and the Gulf of Maine. The southwest side drains into the Melvin River which flows into Lake Winnipesaukee, thence into the Winnipesaukee River, Merrimack River, and into the Gulf of Maine in Massachusetts.