OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chestnut Mountain (Transylvania County, North Carolina)

Chestnut Mountain is a mountain near the city of Brevard, North Carolina. It reaches an elevation of 3,012 feet (918 m). The mountain generates feeder streams for the French Broad River.
# Junkers EF 127

The Junkers EF 127 was a rocket powered fighter aircraft designed by the Third Reich as a part of the Emergency Fighter Program in the closing year of World War II. The project was codenamed "Walli". The EF 127 was a heavily redesigned version of the Junkers EF 126. The propulsion for the aircraft was a liquid-propellant rocket designed by the Walter company.
# USCGC Bitt

USCGC Bitt (WYTL-65613) was a cutter in the U.S. Coast Guard. Constructed by Western Boat Building Corp and commissioned in 1966, the vessel served as part of the USCG for sixteen years before being decommissioned in 1982 and transferred to the National Science Foundation (NSF). During her Coast Guard service, Bitt was based in Washington and Alaska, where she was utilized mainly in a law enforcement and search and rescue (SAR) role. She was purchased by a civilian couple living and raising their first child aboard the vessel.

## Construction and design

Crewed by five personnel, Bitt was a small vessel displacing 74 tons. She was 64 ft 11 in (19.79 m) long, with a beam of 19 ft 1 in (5.82 m) and a 9 ft (2.7 m) draft. The vessel's main drive engine consisted of one Caterpillar D379 V-8 diesel, which produced 400 shaft horsepower and drove a single propeller, giving a cruising speed of 7.0 kn (13.0 km/h; 8.1 mph) and a cruising range of 3,690 nmi (6,830 km). Her maximum speed was 10.6 kn (19.6 km/h; 12.2 mph), where she could patrol 1,130 nmi (2,090 km). She carried no armament but was fitted with a SPN-11 detection radar. Upon completion, she cost a total of $US 158,366 to construct.

## History

Bitt was one of fifteen steel-hulled icebreaking small harbor tugs that were put into service in the 1960s to replace 64 ft (20 m) wooden-hulled harbor tugs that the Coast Guard had used since the 1940s. She was initially homeported at Bellingham, Washington where her duties included law enforcement, SAR, and ice operations. On 5 January 1969, she assisted in evacuating a stranded person near the Nooksack River when a dike broke. On 29 July 1969, she towed the disabled fishing vessel Jet Stream to safety from Admiralty Inlet. On 20 October 1975, she rescued two persons from a capsized sailboat. She transferred to Valdez, Alaska in 1978. She was decommissioned in October 1982 and transferred to the National Science Foundation for use as the Research Vessel Clifford A. Barnes. After serving through an agreement with the University of Washington School of Oceanography research facilities in Seattle, Washington, the University of Washington decommissioned the vessel at the end of 2018. She was purchased at auction by a civilian couple in 2019, who renamed her back to Bitt. The couple currently live aboard her with their child in Northern California.
# LGV Atlantique

The LGV Atlantique (French: Ligne à Grande Vitesse Atlantique; English: Atlantic high-speed line) is a high-speed rail line running from Gare Montparnasse in Paris towards the Atlantic coast of France. It opened in 1989–1990 and has two intermediate stations: Massy TGV station and Vendôme-Villiers-sur-Loir TGV station. It divides into two parts at Courtalain, one going westward to Le Mans (towards Brittany and Pays de la Loire), the second one going southwestward to Tours (and onward towards Nouvelle-Aquitaine). Both branches have been extended, by the LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire and the LGV Sud Europe Atlantique.

## History

The first French high speed line, LGV Sud-Est, was opened to the public on 27 September 1981. It was an instant success, ten million passengers were recorded as travelling on the line within its first ten months. Furthermore, its operations validated the functionality and effectiveness of the new high speed rail technology available to SNCF, as well as the financing model for its deployment, which was via debt held by SNCF and did not depend upon any subsidies. The positive results of LGV Sud Est encouraged the French government to pursue the construction of additional high speed lines. LGV Atlantique would be the second high speed line to open in France.

### Timeline

* 1 January 1983: creation of SNCF new line no. 2 committee
* 25 May 1984: public utility declaration
* 15 February 1985: official beginning of works at Boinville-le-Gaillard
* 1 July 1987: laying of first LGV Atlantique rail at Auneau
* 24 September 1989: line opens from Montrouge to Connerré
* 18 May 1990: TGV world speed record of 515.3 km/h
* 25 September 1990: southwestern branch opens

## Route

The line leaves Gare Montparnasse to cross Paris's southern suburbs, partly under the Coulée Verte. This is a tunnel above which footpaths and recreational areas have been created, to reduce the effect of the LGV running through the area. The line at this point follows the route of the former railway line from Paris to Chartres. TGVs coming from the north or southeast of France via the LGV Interconnexion Est join the line at Massy. After the new Massy TGV station, the line passes through the Villejust tunnel and then follows the A10 motorway. Near the Saint-Arnoult toll plaza, the LGV turns south and leaves the motorway. The line then follows the ligne classique from Paris to Vendôme until the junction at Courtalain.

## Stations

The LGV Atlantique serves the following stations:
* Paris Montparnasse
* Massy TGV
* Le Mans$^1$
* Vendôme TGV
* Tours
$^1$ Le Mans is located on the western branch of the LGV Atlantique.

## Extensions

Extensions to both branches have been built. The western branch is augmented by the LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire project, resulting in a reduction of 37 minutes between Paris and Rennes. The Southern branch is augmented by the LGV Sud Europe Atlantique project, resulting in a reduction of around 50 minutes to Tours and Bordeaux. Both lines entered service in July 2017.
# Old Christian

Old Christian (Spanish: cristiano viejo, Portuguese: cristão-velho, Catalan: cristià vell) was a social and law-effective category used in the Iberian Peninsula from the late 15th and early 16th century onwards, to distinguish Portuguese and Spanish people attested as having cleanliness of blood, known as Limpieza de sangre, from the populations categorized as New Christian. 'New Christian' refer to mainly persons of partial or full Jewish descent who converted to Christianity, and their descendants.
After the expulsion of the Jewish population from Spain in 1492 and Portugal in 1497, all the Jewish population in Iberia became officially Christian. The New Christians were always under suspicion of apostasy. The creation of the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and the Portuguese Inquisition in 1536 was justified by the need to fight heresy. It was believed that many New Christians were practicing their original religion in secret and large numbers were Crypto-Jews. The term was thus introduced in order for "Old Christians" to distinguish themselves from the converts (conversos) and their descendants, who were seen as potential heretics and threats to Catholic orthodoxy. New Christians of Muslim heritage were referred to pejoratively as moriscos, meaning Moor-like. Those of Jewish heritage were termed marranos (swine, pigs).
The system and ideology of cleanliness of blood ostracized New Christian minorities from society, regardless of their actual degree of sincerity as converts, giving far more privileges to Old Christians, the majority of the population.
In Portugal, the legal distinction between New and Old Christian was ended through a legal decree issued by the Marquis of Pombal in 1772.
# .22 Remington Jet

The .22 Remington Jet (5.6x33mmR) is a .22 in (5.6mm) American centerfire revolver and rifle cartridge. The round is known in the US as .22 Jet, .22 Center Fire Magnum/.22 CFM or .22 Rem Jet.

## Development

Developed jointly by Remington and Smith & Wesson, it was to be used in the Model 53 revolver, which first appeared late in 1961. While it traced its origins to potent wildcats such as the .224 Harvey Kay-Chuk, which ultimately derive from the .22 Hornet, it was a bottlenecked cartridge based upon the .357 Magnum case necked down to a .22 caliber bullet, with an unusually long tapered shoulder.
By 1972, the Model 53 remained the only revolver chambered for it, while Marlin in 1972 was planning a lever rifle in .22 Jet. The .22 Jet was also a factory chambering for the Thompson/Center Contender and the design allowed for it to reach its full potential, having no cylinder gap and no case setback.

## Usage

The .22 Jet was designed as a flat-shooting hunting round for handguns, and it is suitable for handgun hunting of varmints and medium game out to 100 yd (90 m). The 2460 ft/s (750 m/s) and 535 ft-lbf (725 J) claimed for factory test loads did not prove out in service weapons.
# Old Downtown Harrisburg Commercial Historic District

The Old Downtown Harrisburg Commercial Historic District is a national historic district that is located in Harrisburg, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, with a boundary increase made in 1984.

## History and architectural features

This district includes fifty contributing buildings that are located in the old central business district of Harrisburg. Dating from the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, notable buildings include the Daily and Weekly Telegraph Building (1873-1874), the City Bank Building (c. 1872), F.W. Woolworth (1939), Rothert's Furniture Store (1906), Bowman's Department Store (1907, 1910), Pomeroy's Department Store (c. 1890, c. 1940), and Doutrich's Clothing Store.
Also located in the district but listed separately are the Colonial Theatre, the Keystone Building, the Kunkel Building, and the William Seel Building. The Telegraph Building was delisted after having been demolished.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, with a boundary increase in 1984.
# Chiquito Peak

Chiquito Peak is a summit in the Cuyamaca Mountains of San Diego County, California, United States. It located north of Interstate 8 and about 1.7 miles (2.7 km) west of Descanso.
# Bregman Lagrangian

The Bregman-Lagrangian framework permits a systematic understanding of the matching rates associated with higher-order gradient methods in discrete and continuous time. Based on Bregman divergence, the Lagrangian is a continuous time dynamical system whose Euler-Lagrange equations can be linked to Nesterov's accelerated gradient method for gradient-based optimization. The associated Bregman Hamiltonian allows for practical implementation of numerical discretizations. The approach has been generalized to optimization on Riemannian manifolds.
# Heliometer

A heliometer (from Greek ἥλιος hḗlios "sun" and measure) is an instrument originally designed for measuring the variation of the Sun's diameter at different seasons of the year, but applied now to the modern form of the instrument which is capable of much wider use.

## Description

The basic concept is to introduce a split element into a telescope's optical path so as to produce a double image. If one element is moved using a screw micrometer, precise angle measurements can be made. The simplest arrangement is to split the object lens in half, with one half fixed and the other attached to the micrometer screw and slid along the cut diameter. To measure the diameter of the Sun, for example, the micrometer is first adjusted so that the two images of the solar disk coincide (the "zero" position where the split elements form essentially a single element). The micrometer is then adjusted so that diametrically opposite sides of the two images of the solar disk just touch each other. The difference in the two micrometer readings so obtained is the (angular) diameter of the Sun. Similarly, a precise measurement of the apparent separation between two nearby stars, A and B, is made by first superimposing the two images of the stars and then adjusting the double image so that star A in one image coincides with star B in the other. The difference in the two micrometer readings so obtained is the apparent separation or angular distance between the two stars.

## History

The Syrian Arab astronomer Mu'ayyad al-Din al-Urdi, in his book, described a device called "the instrument with the two holes," which he used to measure and observe the apparent diameters of the Sun and the Moon.
The first application of the divided object-glass and the employment of double images in astronomical measures is due to Servington Savery of Shilstone in 1743. Pierre Bouguer, in 1748, originated the true conception of measurement by double image without the auxiliary aid of a filar micrometer, that is by changing the distance between two object-glasses of equal focus.
John Dollond, in 1754, combined Savary's idea of the divided object-glass with Bouguer's method of measurement, resulting in the construction of the first really practical heliometers. As far as we can ascertain, Joseph von Fraunhofer, some time not long before 1820, constructed the first heliometer with an achromatic divided object-glass, i.e. the first heliometer of the modern type. The first successful measurements of stellar parallax (to determine the distance to a star) were made by Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel in 1838 for the star 61 Cygni using a Fraunhofer heliometer. This was the 6.2-inch (157.5 mm) aperture Fraunhofer heliometer at Königsberg Observatory built by Joseph von Fraunhofer's firm, though he did not live to see it delivered to Bessel. Although the heliometer was difficult to use, it had certain advantages for Bessel including a wider field of view compared to other great refractors of the period, and overcame atmospheric turbulence in measurements compared to a filar micrometer.
# Florencio Collazo Gómez

Florencio Collazo Gómez (born 1 March 1964) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). In the 2003 election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the fifth district of Chiapas during the 59th Congress.
# Khanak, Markazi

Khanak (Persian: خانك) is a village in, and the capital of, Kharrazan Rural District of the Central District of Tafresh County, Markazi province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 242 in 92 households. The following census in 2011 counted 268 people in 106 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 248 people in 108 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Churchill Mountain

Churchill Mountain is a mountain located in the Catskill Mountains of New York east-southeast of Stamford. Utsayantha Mountain is located northeast, Cowan Mountain is located southwest, and McGregor Mountain is located east of Churchill Mountain.
# Gaula Range

Gaula Range may refer to the following places in India:
* Gaula Range, Haldwani, village in Haldwani Tehsil, Uttarakhand
* Gaula Range, Lalkuan, village in Lalkuan Tehsil, Uttarakhand
# Panathinaikos F.C. B

Active departments of Panathinaikos AC :
| Football men's | Basketball men's | Volleyball men's |
| Football women's | Basketball women's | Volleyball women's |
| Water Polo | Table tennis | Rugby |
| Athletics | Fencing | Archery |
| Shooting | Boxing | Weightlifting |
| Wrestling | Swimming | Diving |
| Cycling | Modern pentathlon | Esports |
| Chess | Futsal men's | Futsal women's |
| Waterskiing | Triathlon | Open water swimming |
| Parasports | | |
Panathinaikos Football Club B, known as Panathinaikos B, (Greek: ΠΑΕ Παναθηναϊκός B) was a Greek football club based in Athens, Greece. Founded in 2021, they play as the reserve team of Panathinaikos in the Super League Greece 2.
Panathinaikos B was one of four reserve teams givens approval from the EPO (Hellenic Football Association) to play in the second division. Panathinaikos B was helped young footballers get promoted to the team of Panathinaikos Athens.
# Dublin Orchestral Society

The Dublin Orchestral Society was an orchestra based in Dublin, Ireland, which was mainly active between 1898 and 1914, with a brief revival in 1927. Unique among orchestras in the British Isles, it was organised as a cooperative society.

## History

The Dublin Orchestral Society was founded in 1898 by the immigrant musician Michele Esposito: "Following the success of concert seasons by the visiting Hallé Orchestra in 1897 and 1898 Esposito was prompted to consider forming a permanent resident orchestra in Dublin to fill this gap." Another immediate reason appears to have been problems recently encountered at the Dublin Musical Society, and organisation founded in 1875 for the performance of large-scale choral and symphonic works, which had run into financial difficulties due to poor attendance at recent events. As for an organizational model, Esposito chose a cooperative society as established in the orchestral sector by the Società Orchestrale della Scala di Milano, being funded by a mixture of subscriptions, donations, and ticket sales as well as by a small number of patronages. In later years, it also received grants from Dublin Corporation. Members of the committee that oversaw financial and programmatic issues included, besides Esposito, W. P. Geoghegan (a former head brewer at Guinness who was reliable supporter of the arts in Dublin), Edward Martyn, and Edith Oldham, with meetings held at the Royal Irish Academy of Music.
The first season consisted of five concerts between 1 March and 7 June 1899, the inaugural concert comprising works by Gluck, Mozart, Mendelssohn, Beethoven, Wagner, and Bizet. The season continued with similarly "Classical" programmes. Only the fourth concert, on 26 April 1899, included a first performance of Esposito's Poem, Op. 44 for harp and small orchestra. Another first performance was that of Hamilton Harty's An Irish Symphony, Op. 7 on 18 May 1904. Audience numbers in the first seasons appear to have left much to be desired, incurring substantial financial deficits, which required private sponsorship to be overcome, before audience numbers gradually rose, the society being free of debt by the 1906–1907 season.
The outbreak of World War I in 1914 halted the work of the Dublin Orchestral Society. A brief revival of the society in 1927 did not prove successful. In 1929, its orchestral library was donated to the Royal Irish Academy of Music.
# Randolph Mahaffey

Randolph Mahaffey (born September 28, 1945) is an American former professional basketball player.
A 6'7" forward born in LaGrange, Georgia, Mahaffey played college basketball at Clemson University. Mahaffey was one of four brothers (Don, Ronnie and Richie are the others) who played for Clemson between 1959 and 1970. They marked the first time in Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) history that four brothers played for the same program.
The Los Angeles Lakers selected him with the fourth pick of the second round of the 1967 NBA draft (16th overall pick) and the Kentucky Colonels of the American Basketball Association also drafted him. Mahaffey signed with the American Basketball Association's Colonels.
In his rookie season with the Colonels, Mahaffey scored over 1,000 points and was an ABA All-Star.
On December 30, 1968, the Colonels traded Mahaffey and Manny Leaks to the New York Nets for Oliver Darden and Andy Anderson.
On June 12, 1969, the Nets traded Mahaffey to the Carolina Cougars in return for a draft pick. Mahaffey played with the Cougars through the 1971–72 season.
Mahaffey appeared in the 1968 ABA Playoffs with the Colonels and in the 1970 ABA Playoffs with the Cougars. He averaged 13 points a game in the 1968 playoffs and 12 points a game in the 1970 playoffs, but both of his teams exited after the first round. The Colonels were edged 3 games to 2 by the Minnesota Muskies in the 1968 Eastern Division Semifinals and the Cougars were ousted in the 1970 Eastern Division Semifinals by the Indiana Pacers, 4 games to 0.
Mahaffey averaged 11.9 points per game and 8.0 rebounds per game in his professional basketball career.
Randy Mahaffey's grandson Trent Steinour, a 6'10 Power Forward from Lake Norman High School, has committed to play at Clemson University beginning in the 25/26 season, he is the son of Randy's daughter, Lee Mahaffey Steinour.
# Bonnie Dennison

Bonnie Dennison is an American actress. She was born in New York City. From 2002 to 2005, she played Emily Yokas on the NBC television show Third Watch. In 2007, she joined the cast of the long-running CBS daytime drama Guiding Light in the role of Susan "Daisy" Lemay, a role she continued to portray until the end of Guiding Light's broadcast run in 2009.
In 2009, she made a guest appearance in the Ugly Betty episode "Backseat Betty", portraying Ava, a cheerleader at school with Justin. In 2010, she appeared in the movie Stake Land. She has also appeared in commercials for Dannon DanActive, Losethezits.com, and Verizon Wireless.
In 2014, she was cast as one of the leads in a Fox comedy pilot executive produced by Matt Hubbard and Tina Fey, portraying the role of Thena; but the series was later scrapped after a change in management at Fox.
In early 2019, Dennison was cast as Jenny Kenney, the protagonist's daughter in the pilot of the hit CBS series Carol's Second Act starring Patricia Heaton. Following the pilot, Ashley Tisdale replaced Dennison in the role of Jenny.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2001 | 100 Center Street | Jessica Hoffman | Episode: "Bottlecaps" |
| 2002 | Law & Order: Special Victims Unit | Heather Porter | Episode: "Justice" |
| 2002 | Law & Order | Katie Zwybel | Episode: "Slaughter" |
| 2002 | The Education of Max Bickford | Hannah Grunwald | |
| 2002–05 | Third Watch | Emily Yokas | Recurring cast (season 4), Main cast (seasons 5–6): 45 episodes |
| 2006 | Love/Death/Cobain | Brett Ashley | Short film |
| 2007 | Black Irish | Maria | Film |
| 2007–09 | Guiding Light | Daisy Lemay | Main cast |
| 2009 | Ugly Betty | Ava | Episode: "Backseat Betty" |
| 2010 | Stake Land | Peggy | Film |
| 2011 | Criminal Minds: Suspect Behavior | Reagan | Episode: "Smother" |
| 2011 | Born Bad | Brooke | Direct-to-DVD film |
| 2011 | NCIS | Lindsay | Episode: "Restless" |
| 2012 | Built for Two | Sadie | Short film |
| 2013 | Beneath | Kitty | Film |
| 2013 | The Maid's Room | Alice | Film |
| 2014 | Cabot College | Thena | TV pilot/failed TV series |
| 2014 | Break Up Call | Bonnie(?) | Short film |
| 2014 | The Tangled Webs We Type | Bonnie | Short film |
| 2015 | Landon Rob Sketch Show | various | Episode: "The Dad Bod" |
| 2015 | Ken Jeong Made Me Do It | Molly | MTV TV pilot |
| 2016 | Izzie's Way Home | Izzie (voice) | Animated film |
| 2017 | Stake Land II: The Stakelander | Peggy | |
| 2017 | Training Day | Lara | Episode: "Trigger Time" |
| 2017 | The Ranch | Rachel | Episode: "Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old)" |