OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ni Daolang

Ni Daolang (Chinese: 倪道烺; pinyin: Ní Dàolǎng; Wade–Giles: Ni Tao-lang; April 12, 1879 − May 10, 1952) was a politician and military leader in the Republic of China. He was an important politician of the Reformed Government of the Republic of China and the Reorganized National Government of China (Republic of China-Nanjing). His courtesy name was Bingwen (炳文). He was born in Fuyang, Anhui, and was a nephew of Anhui clique General Ni Sichong.

## Biography

In 1913, Ni Sichong was appointed Military Governor of Anhui; Ni Daolang was also appointed Governor of the Marketing for Changlu Salt General Bureau (長蘆鹽雲銷總局總辦). In 1918, Ni Daolang was appointed Manager of the Fengyang Barrier (鳳陽關). On June 2, 1921, he suppressed a demonstration of students by using military force (the Tragic Incident of June 2, Anhui), so he was criticized by public opinion, and having lost his post, he escaped to Tianjin.
In November 1924, Duan Qirui was appointed Provisional Chief Executive (臨時執政), and Ni Daolang was appointed Special Negotiator for Military Countermeasure to Anhui. In early 1927, Zhang Zongchang was appointed Vice-Supreme Commander of the Anguojun and was the Supreme Commander of the Zhili-Shandong (Zhi-Lu) United Army. Zhang invited Ni, and appointed him Commander of the Reserve of the Zhi-Lu United Army. After the National Revolutionary Army defeated the Zhili-Shandong United Army, Ni escaped to Tianjin again.
In 1937, the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out, and Ni Daolang contacted Liang Hongzhi, Yin Rugeng, Jiang Chaozong, and Wang Yitang, secretly harbouring intentions of creating a pro-Japanese government. Next July, Ni became the president of the Local Preservation Council of Anhui Province. In November, he joined the Reformed Government of the Republic of China and was appointed Governor of Anhui Province.
When in September the committee system was introduced to Anhui Provincial Government, Ni remained as its head. In January 1943, Anhui Provincial Government abolished the committee system, on that time, Ni also resigned from his post. From 1942, he worked as Member of the Nanjing National Government.
After the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China collapsed, Ni Daolang was arrested by Chiang Kai-shek's National Government. After the proclamation of the People's Republic of China, he was sent to Bengbu in March 1952. He was convicted of treason and surrender to the enemy (namely hanjian) and sentenced to death on the Court-martial of the Committee for Control of the Military, Bengbu City. On May 10, he was executed.
# Stephanie D'Hose

Stephanie D'Hose (born 1 June 1981) is a Belgian politician who served as President of the Senate from 2020 until 2024.

## Early life and education

D'Hose was born in Roeselare on 1 June 1981. Her parents were self employed. She has a licentiate in political science from the University of Ghent.

## Career

D'Hose was a parliamentary assistant from 2009–2014 and is Deputy Private Secretary to Sven Gatz.
She has been a City Councillor in Ghent since 2013 and was elected to the Flemish Parliament on 26 May 2019.
D'Hose was appointed to the Belgian Federal Parliament for Open VLD on 4 July 2019, and appointed to the Senate. In the division of powers within the Alexander De Croo government, Open VLD was given the Senate presidency and D'Hose was nominated for the role on 13 October 2020. At 39, she became the youngest person to hold the position. Later that month she became seriously ill with a blood infection and was confined to bed. She tested negative for COVID-19. In January 2022, while she was president of the senate, D'Hose spoke in favour of the abolition of the institution.

## Personal life

She lives with her partner Diederik Pauwelijn.
# Clifton, Louisville

38°15′19.26″N 85°42′56.86″W﻿ / ﻿38.2553500°N 85.7157944°W﻿ / 38.2553500; -85.7157944
Clifton is a neighborhood east of downtown Louisville, Kentucky USA. Clifton was named because of its hilly location on the Ohio River valley escarpment. Clifton is bounded by I-64, N Ewing Ave, Brownsboro Road, and Mellwood Ave.

## History

Unlike other Louisville neighborhoods, Clifton was developed over a period of 60 years, with the first homes built in the 1860s sitting next to homes built in the 1910s, although nearly all homes were built in Victorian styles. Its residential areas are also much less dense than other nearby areas like Butchertown or the Original Highlands. The Louisville and Lexington toll pike, which is now called Frankfort Avenue, went through the heart of the area and was lined with small shops.
The area began to revitalize in the 1990s, as numerous restaurants, boutiques, and antique shops opened up along Frankfort Avenue. Area attractions include the Kentucky School for the Blind and the American Printing House for the Blind.

## Demographics

As of 2000, the population of Clifton was 2,469 , of which whites are 87.2%, blacks are 8.1%, people listed as other are 2.2%, and Hispanics are 2%. College graduates are 32.1% of the population, people without a high school degree are 22%. Females outnumber males 53.1% to 46.9%.
# Judea Cemetery

Judea Cemetery, also known as Old Judea Cemetery, is a colonial era burying ground located on Judea Road in Washington, Connecticut, United States. Before it became a separate town in 1779, and chose to name itself "Washington", the area was known as "Judea", and was part of Woodbury, Connecticut.
Judea Cemetery is the site of a monument in honor of "Jeff Liberty and His Colored Patriots", erected in the early 20th century. The cemetery is thought to be the resting place of a number of African-American soldiers who served in the American Revolutionary War, including Jeff Liberty. Liberty was enslaved by Continental Army Captain Jonathan Farrand, who is buried in Old Judea. Captain Farrand manumitted Jeff Liberty for fighting in the Continental Army. "Liberty" is known to have been chosen as a surname by a number of enslaved people who were manumitted in this era.
Spy thriller novelist Edward S. Aarons (1916–1975) is buried in Judea.
# 449

Year 449 (CDXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Astyrius and Romanus (or, less frequently, year 1202 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 449 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* Emperor Valentinian III sends an embassy to Attila the Hun. The purpose of the meeting is a long-running dispute over spoils of war during the Danube offensive (441–442). Attila claims his lost property, but Valentinian and Flavius Aetius (magister militum) refuse this request.
* Flavius Orestes, Roman aristocrat, is sent to Attila's court and becomes a high-ranking secretary (notarius). He is the father of the future emperor Romulus Augustulus.
* Traditional date – Vortigern, supposed king of the Britons, invites Hengist and Horsa, by tradition chieftains of the Jutes, to form a military alliance against the Picts and Scoti, so contributing to the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain (according to Bede).

### By topic
#### Religion

* August 3 – The Second Council of Ephesus opens, chaired by Dioscorus, patriarch of Alexandria. Flavian, patriarch of Constantinople, and Domnus II, patriarch of Antioch, are deposed on August 8.
* October – A Roman synod repudiates all the decisions of the Second Council of Ephesus.
* Anatolius becomes patriarch of Constantinople.
* Maximus II becomes patriarch of Antioch.

## Births

* February 25 – Liu Ziye, emperor of the Liu Song dynasty (d. 466)
* Eugendus, abbot of Condat Abbey (approximate date)
* Kavadh I, king of the Persian Empire (d. 531)

## Deaths

* August 11 – Flavian, patriarch of Constantinople
* Eucherius, bishop of Lyon (approximate date)
* Hilary, bishop of Arles (b. 403)
# ADQ

ADQ may refer to:
* Abductor digiti quinti (disambiguation), a muscle on the outer border of foot or hand
* Abu Dhabi Developmental Holding Company (branded as ADQ), a sovereign wealth fund in Abu Dhabi
* Action démocratique du Québec, defunct political party in Quebec, Canada
* Agotime language, a Kwa language of Ghana
* American Dairy Queen Corporation, American franchiser of Dairy Queen restaurants
* Average daily quantity, a measure of drug consumption, similar to 'defined daily dose'

## Aviation

* IATA airport code for Kodiak Airport in State of Alaska, USA
# Huangcun station

Huangcun station (Chinese: 黄村站; Cantonese Yale: Wòhngchyūn Jaahm), formerly Olympic Sports Center station (奥林匹克中心站; Oulàhmpāthāk Jūngsām Jaahm) when planning, is an interchange station between Line 4 and Line 21 of the Guangzhou Metro, and also the terminus of Line 4. It is located at the underground outside Guangdong Olympic Stadium in Huangcun Subdistrict (黄村街道), Tianhe District. It started operation on 25 September 2010. Line 4 linking the Asian Games New Town outside Haibang Station with Guangdong Olympic Stadium plays a major role in carrying passengers during the Guangzhou Asian Games. The station became a transfer station with Line 21 on 20 December 2019. It is located near the Tianhe East railway station.

## Station layout

| G | - | Exits A, B, D, E, F, H |
| L1 Concourse | Lobby | Ticket Machines, Customer Service, Shops, Police Station, Safety Facilities |
| L2 Platforms | Platform 4 | 21 towards Tianhe Park (Tangdong) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| L2 Platforms | Platform 5 | 21 towards Zengcheng Square (Daguannanlu / express: Tianhe Smart City) |
| Side platform, doors will open on the right ||
| L2 Platforms | Platform 3 ↑ Platform 2 ↓ | 4 towards Nansha Passenger Port (Chebei) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| L2 Platforms | Platform 1 | 4 termination platform |

## Exits

| Exit number | Exit number | Exit location |
| Exit A | Exit A | Daguan Nanlu |
| Exit B | Exit B | Daguan Nanlu |
| Exit D | Exit D | Huanchang Lu |
| Exit E | Exit E | Huanchang Lu |
| Exit F | Exit F | Daguan Nanlu |
| Exit H | Exit H | Daguan Nanlu |

## Gallery

* Line 4 concourse
* Line 21 Concourse
* Platform 3 (Line 4 originating platform)
* Platform 4 (Line 21 westbound platform)
* Platform 5 (Line 21 eastbound platform)
* Transfer corridor
# Acanthurus reversus

Acanthurus reversus is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This fish is endemic to French Polynesia.

## Taxonomy

Acanthurus reversus was first formally described in 1999 by the American ichthyologists John Ernest Randall and John L. Earle with its type locality given as off a point at the southern end of Marquisienne Bay, Nuku Hiva in the Marquesas Islands. This species is closely related to the widespread orangeband surgeonfish (A. olivaceus), and together these taxa form a species complex within the genus Acanthurus. The genus Acanthurus is one of two genera in the tribe Acanthurini which is one of three tribes in the subfamily Acanthurinae which is one of two subfamilies in the family Acanthuridae.

## Etymology

Acanthurus reversus was given the specific name reversus, this means “reversed” and refers to the reversed pattern if colours on the caudal fin of this species in comparison to the closely related A. olivaceus.

## Description

Acanthurus reversus has its dorsal fin supported by 9 spines and 24 or 25 soft rays while the anal fin is supported by 3 spines and 23 or 24 soft rays. Its overall colour is brown, although the posterior may be clearly paler than the anterior. There is an elongated orange spot running from the upper end of the gill slit With its, posterior have being surrounded by a blue band that reaches beyond the pectoral fin. There is an indistinct orange line at the base of both the dorsal and anal fins and the soft-rayed part of the dorsal fin has 3 dark horizontal bands while the anal fin has a blue margin. The caudal fin is light yellow with a wide black band to its rear, this narrows as it reaches the filamentous part of the lobes. Juveniles are yellow and have blue margins on their dorsal and anal fins. The maximum published total length of the Marquesas surgeonfish is 34 cm (13 in).

## Distribution and habitat

Acanthurus reversus Is endemic to the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia. There is a record of an individual from Takaroa Atoll in the Tuamotu Archipelago but this is thought to have referred to a vagrant. The Marquesas surgeonfish is found singly or in small groups on inshore reefs at depths between 4 and 25 m (13 and 82 ft).
# Steve Ormerod

Stephen J. Ormerod is a professor of ecology and former Chair of the Council of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB), Europe's largest wildlife conservation charity.

## Biography

Ormerod grew up in Burnley, East Lancashire, England.
He was educated at Burnley Grammar School, Huddersfield University and subsequently at Cardiff University, where he obtained a PhD in river ecology in 1985. He is father to four children, with three stepsons and one biological son.

## Career

Ormerod was appointed Professor of Ecology in the Cardiff School of Biosciences at Cardiff University in 2001, and chair of the RSPB Council at their AGM in 2012.
The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds is Europe's largest wildlife conservation charity. Ormerod was previously chair of the RSPB's Advisory Committee for Wales and is a former president of the Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management. and has been a member of the councils of the Freshwater Biological Association, the Countryside Council for Wales, the Rivers' Trust and the British Trust for Ornithology.
He was chief editor of the Journal of Applied Ecology. He sat on the scientific advisory committee of the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust and was on the expert panel of Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)'s National Ecosystem Assessment and was a member of other DEFRA committees. In 1987 he was a fellow of the Winston Churchill Memorial Trust when he looked at the problems associated with acid rain. This has been a continuing interest in his research which has been supported by the European Union and the Natural Environment Research Council.
In 2011 he received the Zoological Society of London's Marsh Award for Marine and Freshwater Conservation. He was elected a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales (FLSW) and a Fellow of the Society of Biology (FSB), in 2013. In his academic career Ormerod has published more than 200 scientific papers.
# A Vlaicu III

The A Vlaicu III was the world's first metal-built aircraft, designed and built in Romania prior to World War I. It was the third powered aircraft designed by pioneering Romanian aviator Aurel Vlaicu.

## Design and development

Engineer and inventor Aurel Vlaicu, who was among the first pilots in Romania, began the design of the third in his series of powered aircraft in the second half of 1911. The design was based on his earlier A Vlaicu II. A nacelle underneath a parasol wing housed the pilot and a Gnome Gamma engine. Gears, chains and shafts drove two propellers, one in front of and one behind the wing; these turned in opposite directions to cancel each other's torque. Like Vlaicu's other designs, the A. Vlaicu III did not have ailerons. The pilot turned the aircraft by using the rudder, controlled by moving a tiller left or right; to control the elevators and make the aircraft go up and down, a steering wheel attached to the tiller was turned left or right.
At the time of Vlaicu's death in the crash of the A Vlaicu II in 1913, two A. Vlaicu IIIs were under construction for delivery to the Marconi Company. The British company was supposed to receive one for performance evaluation and experimentation with aerial radio, the other was supposed to remain in Romania. After Vlaicu's death, one of the two aircraft was completed by his friends Giovanni Magnani and Constantin Silisteanu; and was ready to fly in May 1914.

## Operational history

Two test 'hops' covering a ground distance of 200–300 metres (220-330 yards) at a maximum altitude of about 2 metres (6.6 ft) were made in 1914 by pilot Petre Macavei at Cotroceni airfield. Military authorities of the time refused permission to continue the tests. At a later date, pilots Mircea Zorileanu and Gheorghe Negrescu obtained permission from the Romanian Minister of War to modify the controls of the aircraft and continue the experiments, but it never flew again.
In 1916, during the German occupation of Bucharest, an A Vlaicu III was seized and shipped to Germany. It was last seen in 1942 at an aviation exhibition in Berlin by Romanian military officers. However, no mention of it is made in records of the Berlin exhibition.

## Specifications

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 10.75 m (35 ft 3 in)
* Wingspan: 10 m (32 ft 10 in)
* Height: 3.1 m (10 ft 2 in)
* Wing area: 24 m$^2$ (260 sq ft)
* Gross weight: 575 kg (1,268 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Gnome Gamma air-cooled rotary piston engine, 52 kW (70 hp)
* Propellers: (2 coaxial, counter-rotating) 2-bladed, 2.55 m (8 ft 4 in) diameter
Performance
# Joris Van Hauthem

Joris Van Hauthem (29 November 1963 – 25 March 2015) was a Belgian politician who was floor leader in the Belgian Senate for the Flemish movement Vlaams Belang party. He was born in Anderlecht, Brussels and lived in Lennik. He died at home on 25 March 2015 due to cancer.
He had a degree in modern history.

## Political functions

* member of the Brussels-Capital Council (1989–1995)
* Federal Representative for the electoral district Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde (1991–1995)
* Flemish Representative for the electoral district Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde (1995–2014)
* municipal councillor of Lennik (2001–2015)
* Community senator (1995–2010)
He has served as one of three vice-presidents of the Senate.
# Barbara Špiler

Barbara Špiler (born 2 January 1992 in Brežice, Slovenia) is a Slovenian athlete who competes in the hammer throw. Špiler represented Slovenia at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where she finished 29th in the qualification round.
She participated in the 2013 and 2019 World Championships, and the 2012, 2014 and 2016 European Championships.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Slovenia |||||
| 2007 | World Youth Championships | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 3rd | 55.97 m |
| 2008 | World Junior Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 4th | 60.18 m |
| 2009 | European Cup Winter Throwing (U23) | Los Realejos, Spain | 3rd | 62.16 m |
| 2010 | European Cup Winter Throwing (U23) | Arles, France | 3rd | 62.99 m |
| 2010 | World Junior Championships | Moncton, Canada | 2nd | 65.28 m |
| 2011 | European Junior Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 1st | 67.06 m |
| 2012 | European Cup Winter Throwing (U23) | Bar, Montenegro | 4th | 65.91 m |
| 2012 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 16th (q) | 65.37 m |
| 2012 | Olympic Games | London, United Kingdom | 29th (q) | 67.21 m |
| 2013 | European U23 Championships | Tampere, Finland | 2nd | 69.69 m |
| 2013 | World Championships | Moscow, Russia | 25th (q) | 64.58 m |
| 2014 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland | 16th (q) | 64.48 m |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 20th (q) | 65.56 m |
| 2019 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 27th (q) | 65.76 m |
# Alexander Fol

Alexander Fol (Bulgarian: Александър Фол) (born in Sofia, Bulgaria on July 3, 1933; died in Sofia on March 1, 2006) was a Bulgarian historian and Thracologist. In 1957, he studied history at the University of St. Kliment Ohridski in Sofia and earned a PhD in 1966. He worked as a university lecturer from 1972 and became a professor in 1975. From 1980 to 1986, he served as Minister of Culture and Education of Republic of Bulgaria. His research interests lay in classical Greek and Roman history, the cultural history of southeast Europe and Asia Minor, and Indo-European studies. He is best known for his contributions to Thracology.
In 1972, he established the Institute of Thracology at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in Sofia, and became its first director until 1992. During this time he organized International Congresses of Thracology in Sofia, Bucharest, Vienna, Rotterdam, Moscow, and Palma de Mallorca. He was secretary-general of the International Council for Indo-European and Thracology Studies. He held a chair of Ancient History and Thracology at the University of Sofia between 1979 and 1987, and a chair of Cultural History of Southeastern Europe since 1991. He was the founder of the Bulgarian Research Institute in Vienna, and of the School for Antique Languages and Culture in Sofia (1977). Since 1983, he was director of archaeological excavations in the east Bulgarian village of Drama together with Jan Lichardus of the Institute of Prehistory and Early History at the Saarland University Saarbrücken (Germany).
Fol was a member of the Accademia Medicea in Florence, Italy. Moreover, he was a member of the German Archaeological Institute, the Académie Maison in Paris, France and the Leibniz-Sozietaet in Berlin. He received numerous invitations as guest lecturer in England, the United States, Russia, Germany, Japan, Greece, Italy, Sweden, and France. His publications comprise twelve monographies on Thracian social history, as well as several articles in the field of Thracology. Alexander Fol died of stomach cancer.
# Ectinorus

Ectinorus is a genus of fleas in the family Rhopalopsyllidae (marsupial fleas), erected by Karl Jordan in 1942. It is endemic to South America, specifically the Andes and surrounding regions, especially Chile. The genus includes species that are parasitic to rodents and are a vector for the bubonic plague. At least one species within Ectinorus is viable at altitudes above 3,000 metres (9,800 ft).
# Pol Van Den Driessche

Pol Van Den Driessche (born 1959) is a Belgian ex-journalist, writer and politician.
Van Den Driessche joined with the Christian Democratic and Flemish party (CD&V) in 2007 and was elected as a member of the Belgian Senate in the same year. He moved to the New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) after ending his term, in 2011, and became a co-opted senator for this party in 2014.
In 2012, Van Den Driessche stood down as a candidate in the local elections in Bruges after being accused of sexual abuse. On 7 August 2014, he made the papers because he tried to edit or mitigate references to these accusations on his Dutch Wikipedia page. In the 2018 local elections he led the N-VA list in Bruges. He got elected as a council member, but his party suffered a big loss in the city.
# Amastra forbesi

Amastra forbesi is an extinct species of gastropod in the Amastridae family.
It was endemic to Hawaii.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 14.3 mm, its diameter 6.9 mm.
(Original description) The shell is imperforate, sinistral, elongate-conic, and thin, with a pure white coloration in its fossilized state. The spire's outlines are regularly and slightly convex, tapering to a rather sharp summit.
The whorls of the protoconch are slightly convex and indistinctly marked with minute striations. Subsequent whorls are also slightly convex, adorned with fine striations and delicate growth wrinkles. The body whorl is elongate, subcylindrical, and exhibits relatively coarse striations. It descends steeply near its base, forming a narrow, deeply curved area below the columellar fold.
The outer margin of the aperture is regularly curved and strengthened by a thick, prominent lip rib. The columella is short and broad, with a columellar fold that is moderately oblique and not particularly pronounced, tapering gradually just inside the columellar margin.

## Distribution

This species was endemic to Hawai, occurring in Pleistocene strata on Maui Island.
# Jesús Gónzález Macías

Jesús Gónzález Macías (born 27 May 1972) is a Mexican politician from the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico. From 2007 to 2009 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Nuevo León.