# Outline of production

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production:
Production – act of creating 'use' value or 'utility' that can satisfy a want or need. The act may or may not include factors of production other than labor. Any effort directed toward the realization of a desired product or service is a "productive" effort and the performance of such act is production.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production:

## Types

* Industry – production of an economic good or service within an economy. Industry is divided into four sectors, or types of production; they are:

### Primary sector

* Primary sector – this involves the extraction of resources directly from the Earth, this includes agricultural and resource extraction industries. In these industries, the product (that is, the focus of production) is a natural resource.
** Agriculture (outline) – cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life.
*** Animal husbandry – agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock.
*** Farming – cultivating land for the purpose of agricultural production.
*** Aquaculture – the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae, and other aquatic organisms.
*** Forestry (outline) – creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit.
** Resource extraction –
*** Fishing – activity of catching or harvesting fish and other aquatic animals such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.
*** Logging – harvesting timber, including cutting, skidding, on-site processing, and loading trees or logs onto trucks or skeleton cars.
*** Mining (outline) – extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam.
*** Extraction of petroleum – process by which usable petroleum (oil) is extracted and removed from the earth.
*** Extraction of natural gas – Natural gas is commercially extracted from oil fields and natural gas fields.
*** Water industry – provides drinking water to residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the economy.

### Secondary sector

* Secondary sector – involves the processing of raw materials from primary industries, and includes the industries that produce a finished, tangible product.
** Construction – process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure, including buildings, roads, dams, etc.
** Manufacturing – process which involves tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. Ranges from handicraft to high tech industrial production.

### Tertiary sector

* Tertiary sector – This group is involved in the provision of services. They include teachers, managers and other service providers.

### Quaternary sector

* Quaternary sector – the part of the economy that produces knowledge-based services.
** Information industry –
*** Information generation and sharing –
*** Information technology –
** Consulting services –
** Education –
** Research and development –
** Financial planning services –

## Goals

* Product
* Service

### Productivity

* Productivity
** Benchmarking
** Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
** Cost accounting
** Experience curve effects / Vocational education
** Operations research
** Scheduling and queuing theory
** Throughput accounting
** Time and motion study

## History

* History of industry
** Industrial Revolution
* History of manufacturing

### Theories of production

* Taylorism
* Fordism
* Theory of Constraints
* Toyotism (Lean manufacturing)

## Economics

* Factors of production
* Production theory basics
* Outline of industrial organization
* Production function
* Production possibility frontier

## Manufacturing

* Manufacturing
* Factory
* English system of manufacturing
* American system of manufacturing
* Scale of production
** Craft production
** Mass production
** Batch production
** Job production
* Just In Time manufacturing
* Toyota Production System
* Lean production
* Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
* Mass customization

### Product engineering

* Product engineering
** Industrial and manufacturing engineering
** Reverse engineering
** Value engineering

#### Product design

* Rapid prototyping
* Computer-aided design (CAD)
* New product development
* Research and development
* Toolkits for user innovation

### Production technology

* Industrial robot
* Computer-aided manufacturing
* Computer Integrated Manufacturing
* Production equipment control
* Computer numerically controlled
* Distributed Control System
* Fieldbus control system
* PLCs / PLD
* Advanced Planning & Scheduling
* Scheduling (production processes)
* SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
* computerized maintenance management system (CMMS)
* Packaging and labeling

#### Machinery

* Machinery
** Production line
** Assembly line
** Conveyor belt
** Woodworking machinery
** Metalworking machinery
** Textile machinery
** Equipment manufacturer

#### Machine set-up

* Changeover
* Single-Minute Exchange of Die (SMED)
* Sequence-dependent setup (mathematical)

#### Lot size and run length

* Economic Lot Scheduling Problem
* Dynamic lot size model
* Economic order quantity
* Economic production quantity
* Economic batch quantity

## Service provision

* Service economy
* Service system
* Service design

## Logistics

* Logistics
** Supply chain
** Supply chain management
** Procurement or purchasing
** Inventory
*** Inventory management
*** Reorder point
*** Just In Time

## Process improvement

* Systems analysis
** Process modeling
** Process optimization
* Quality
** Quality control
** Six Sigma
** Total Quality Management
* Certification Processes and Awards
** ISO 9000
** Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (US)
** Canada Awards for Excellence (National Quality Institute) (Canada)
** Deming Prize (Japan)
** Joseph M. Juran Medal (US)
** Japan Quality Control Medal (Japan)