OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Warren Treadgold

Warren T. Treadgold (born April 30, 1949, Oxford, England) is an American historian and specialist in Byzantine studies. He is the National Endowment for the Humanities Professor of Byzantine Studies at Saint Louis University. His interest in the political, economic, military, social, and cultural history of the Byzantine Empire extends to the Byzantine historians themselves. Treadgold has also taught at UCLA, Stanford, Hillsdale, Berkeley, and Florida International University.

## Education

Treadgold holds an AB from Harvard University (1970) and a PhD from the same university (1977).

## Personal life

He has been married since September 25, 1982 to Irina Andreescu-Treadgold.

## Books

* The University We Need: Reforming America’s Higher Education (New York: Encounter Books, 2018);
* The Middle Byzantine Historians (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013);
* The Early Byzantine Historians (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007);
* A Concise History of Byzantium (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2001);
* Treadgold, Warren (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
* Byzantium and Its Army, 284–1081 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995);
* Treadgold, Warren (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.
* The Byzantine State Finances in the Eighth and Ninth Centuries (New York: East European Monographs, 1982); and
* The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius (Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 1980).
# Guildford Civic Hall

Guildford Civic Hall was an arts and entertainment venue in Guildford, Surrey, England. Opened in 1962, it closed in January 2004, and has since been demolished[dubious – discuss]. Many famous artists performed at the Guildford Civic Hall, including Eric Clapton, Iron Maiden, Deep Purple (28 November 1969), and Dire Straits. The King Crimson album Live in Guildford was recorded at the venue on November 13, 1972. By 2010, development was underway for a new £26 million replacement facility on the same site, which opened as G Live in September 2011.
At the 1992 United Kingdom general election, the count for the Guildford constituency was held at the Civic hall.
# Elban

Elban (Russian: Эльбан) is an urban-type settlement in Amursky District, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. Population: 11,934 (2010 Census); 12,909 (2002 Census); 15,213 (1989 Soviet census).
# Hôtel de Ville, Valence

The Hôtel de Ville (French pronunciation:, City Hall) is a municipal building in Valence, Drôme, southeast France, standing on Place de la Liberté. It was designated a monument historique by the French government in 2018.

## History

In the Middle Ages the aldermen met in the Maison de la Confrérie (the House of the Brotherhood). After that building had been demolished in the 13th century, they relocated to Maison Saint-Antoine on Rue Saint-Félix, and, then from 1793, they used part of the old Saint-Ruf Abbey, which had been confiscated by the state during the French Revolution. In 1808, Napoleon granted the council the right to use the Convent of Sainte Marie in the old town.
In the late 1880s, after the convent became very dilapidated, the local council led by the mayor, Maurice Clerc, decided to commission a dedicated town hall. The proposed building formed part of a much wider project to regenerate Valence. Although they did consider sites in the new and expanding areas of the town, they ultimately decided to demolish the convent and build on that site. Construction of the new building started in August 1891. It was designed by Henri Édouard Bertsch-Proust and Paul Bischoff in the neoclassical style, built in ashlar stone and was officially opened by the mayor, Jean-François Malizard, on 16 December 1894.
The design involved a symmetrical main frontage of 11 bays facing onto Place de la Liberté with the end pays slightly projected forward. The central bay, which was also slightly projected forward, featured a four-stage tower. There was a round headed doorway in the first stage, a tall cross-window with a balustraded balcony in the second stage, a clock flanked by finely carved statues in the third stage and three openings with louvres separated by Corinthian order columns in the fourth stage. The tower was surmounted by a modillioned cornice and a belfry. The wings of four bays each were fenestrated by round headed windows on the ground floor, and by cross-windows on the first floor: the cross-windows were separated by pilasters supporting a modillioned cornice. The end bays were fenestrated by paired windows with ogee heads on the ground floor and by single windows with ogee heads on the first floor. The carved statues flanking the clock, representing law and universal suffrage, were carved by Thomas Lamotte from Lyon.
Internally, the principal rooms were the Salle du Conseil (the council chamber), the Salle des Mariages (the wedding hall) and the Salle du Tambour (the drum hall). These were decorated to a design by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc. The Salle des Mariages featured fine paintings by Louis Ollier depicting Le Printemps de la vie (the Springtime of Life), and Cortège Nuptial (Wedding Procession).
The rock climber, Alain Robert, climbed the building without a rope in 1998. A major programme of restoration works costing €620,000 was initiated in 2015. The work, which involved remedial works to the staircase and the principal reception rooms, was undertaken to a design by RL&A Architects and was completed in 2019.
# Ablautus

Ablautus is a genus of robber flies in the family Asilidae.

## Species

* Ablautus arnaudi Wilcox, 1966
* Ablautus basini Wilcox, 1966
* Ablautus californicus Wilcox, 1935
* Ablautus coachellus Wilcox, 1966
* Ablautus colei Wilcox, 1966
* Ablautus coquilletti Wilcox, 1935
* Ablautus flavipes Coquillett, 1904
* Ablautus linsleyi Wilcox, 1966
* Ablautus mimus (Osten Sacken, 1877)
* Ablautus rubens Coquillett, 1904
* Ablautus rufotibialis Back, 1909
* Ablautus schlingeri Wilcox, 1966
* Ablautus trifarius Loew, 1866
* Ablautus vanduzeei Wilcox, 1935
# Ashok Singh

Ashok Singh may refer to:
* Ashok Singh (politician, born 1955), member of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India (1996–1997, 1998–1999)
* Ashok Singh (politician, born 1963), member of the Rajya Sabha
* Ashok Singh (footballer, born 1989), Indian football goalkeeper
* Ashok Singh (footballer, born 1993), Indian football defender
* Ashok Kumar Singh (disambiguation), several people
* Ashok Veer Vikram Singh (1949–2014), member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
# Yitzchok Sorotzkin

Avrohom Yitzchok Sorotzkin (born October 1945) is a prolific writer and former Rosh Yeshiva of Telshe yeshiva who delivers the most advanced Talmudic lecture at the Mesivta of Lakewood. He is a member of the Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Torah Sages).

## Biography

Sorotzkin is the son of Rabbi Baruch Sorotzkin, a Rosh Yeshiva in Telshe Yeshiva whose position he inherited. Due to controversy concerning the leadership of the Telshe Yeshiva in Cleveland, Sorotzkin relocated to Lakewood, NJ. There he continues to teach students and publish his works.
Sorotzkin, in addition to having studied under his father, is also a student of Rabbi Berel Soloveitchik.
Sorotzkin is the son-in-law of the late Rabbi Yecheskel Grubner, Chief Rabbi of Detroit. Sorotzkin is also recognized world-wide as a lecturer and had delivered many keynote addresses and guest lectures.

## Works

Rabbi Yitzchok Sorotzkin has authored over seventy volumes of seforim, almost all of which are named one of the following two titles (this list is incomplete):
* Rinas Yitzchok רנת יצחק (Commentaries to Torah (three separate editions), Neviim and Ketuvim (each book being a different volume), Commentary to the Siddur, Commentary to the Shabbat prayers, Commentary to Rosh Hashanna and Yom Kippur prayers)
* Gevuras Yitzchok גבורת יצחק (Commentaries to various Talmudic tractates, Pirkei Avos, Chumash, Laws of Teshuva, Laws of Torah study, Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, and on the holidays of Sukkos, Chanukah, Purim, and Shavuoth.)
# Mary Lou Dickerson

Mary Lou Dickerson (born September 3, 1946) is an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 36th district from 1995 until 2013.

## Early life and education

Dickerson was born in Salem, Oregon. She earned a Master of Social Work from the University of Hawaii and Bachelor of Science in journalism from the University of Oregon. She also completed post-graduate work in Business and Public Administration.

## Career

In addition to being an author, Dickerson worked as executive director for the Bellevue Schools Foundation and North Seattle Youth Services. She also worked as Program Development Director for the National CASA Association and as Program Manager for Echo Glen Treatment Center.
Dickerson was elected to the Washington House of Representatives in 1994, representing the 36th legislative district as a Democrat. She served nine terms in the House and served as the chair of the Health and Human Services Appropriations committee. She also sat on the Ways and Means committee and the Early Learning and Human Services committee.

## Personal life

Dickerson resides in Seattle with her husband, John Birnel. They have two children.
# Great White Throne (mountain)

The Great White Throne is a monolith, predominantly composed of white Navajo Sandstone in Zion National Park in Washington County in southwestern Utah, United States. The north-west "main" face rises 2,350 feet (720 m) in 1,500 feet (460 m) from the floor of Zion Canyon near Angels Landing. It is often used as a symbol of Zion National Park. The Great White Throne can be seen from most locations along the scenic drive running through Zion Canyon.

## Naming

The Great White Throne was named by the Methodist minister of Ogden, Utah, Frederick Vining Fisher, in 1916. On a trip up the canyon with Claud Hirschi, Fisher and Hirschi named many features in Zion Canyon. Later afternoon light gloriously lit up The Great White Throne, prompting Fischer to state:
   Never have I seen such a sight before. It is by all odds America's masterpiece. Boys, I have looked for this mountain all my life but I never expected to find it in this world. This mountain is the Great White Throne.

## Climbing regulations

A bivouac permit is required from the park visitor center for any climbs expected to last overnight.

## Climate

Spring and fall are the most favorable seasons to visit The Great White Throne. According to the Köppen climate classification system, it is located in a Cold semi-arid climate zone, which is defined by the coldest month having an average mean temperature below 32 °F (0 °C), and at least 50% of the total annual precipitation being received during the spring and summer. This desert climate receives less than 10 inches (250 millimeters) of annual rainfall, and snowfall is generally light during the winter.
# Holy Grail Temple

Holy Grail Temple is a 6,711-foot-elevation (2,046-meter) summit located in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of northern Arizona, US. It is situated seven miles north-northeast of Havasupai Point, and two miles west-northwest of King Arthur Castle, within the Shinumo Amphitheater. Topographic relief is significant as it rises over 4,500 feet (1,400 meters) above the Colorado River in three miles. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Holy Grail Temple is located in a cold semi-arid climate zone, with precipitation runoff draining south to Shinumo Creek, which flows west to the Colorado River.

## History

Holy Grail Temple was originally named "Bass Tomb" in 1891 by Virginia Dox, for William Wallace Bass, who was Dox's guide into the Grand Canyon at this location. Impressed by her, Bass named nearby Dox Castle shortly after she left. However, at the suggestion of the U.S. Geological Survey, Bass Tomb was renamed "Holy Grail Temple", for the Holy Grail of the Legend of King Arthur, in keeping with the naming theme for other geographical features in the vicinity, e.g. King Arthur Castle, Guinevere Castle, Elaine Castle, Excalibur, Gawain Abyss, Bedivere Point, Lancelot Point, and Galahad Point. This feature's present name was officially adopted in 1908 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.
When William W. Bass died in 1933, his ashes were scattered by plane atop this mountain as per his wishes. Bass Canyon and the Bass Trails still retain his name within the Grand Canyon.
The difficult first ascent of the summit was made in 1977 by Larry Treiber and Bruce Grubbs.

## Geology

The summit spire is composed of cream-colored Permian Coconino Sandstone. This sandstone, which is the third-youngest stratum in the Grand Canyon, was deposited 265 million years ago as sand dunes. Below the Coconino Sandstone is slope-forming, Permian Hermit Formation, which in turn overlays the Pennsylvanian-Permian Supai Group. Further down are strata of the cliff-forming Mississippian Redwall Limestone, Cambrian Tonto Group, and finally Proterozoic Unkar Group at creek level.
The actual small-spire summit is a capstone of Coconino Sandstone, on a small slope of Hermit Formation. This summit sits upon an extensive shelf of the Supai Group, specifically the highly resistant, and thick in western Grand Canyon, Esplanade Sandstone.
# Ibapah Peak (Juab County, Utah)

Ibapah Peak is a 12,087-foot (3,684 m) summit in Juab County, Utah in the United States. It is the highest point of the Deep Creek Range and is located less than 5 miles (8.0 km) east of the Utah-Nevada border, and about 10 miles (16 km) northwest of the town of Trout Creek, Utah. With a topographic prominence of 5,247 feet (1,599 m) it is the eighth-most prominent summit in Utah.
# Filbert, West Virginia

Filbert is former coal town on Sandlick Creek now part of the City of Gary in McDowell County, West Virginia, United States. Its post office closed in 1991.

## Notable person

* Daisy Elliott, Michigan legislator and realtor, was born in Filbert.
# Mehndi (1998 film)

Mehndi is a 1998 Bollywood drama film, written and directed by Hamid Ali Khan. It stars Rani Mukerji and Faraaz Khan. Dialogues were written by Iqbal Durrani.

## Plot

Pooja is Niranjan's new wife. She comes from a middle-class family. The first days pass happily. Niranjan decides to launch a factory and asks money from his father-in-law. But Pooja opposes the will. It reveals that Niranjan is in the habit of visiting brothels. His other family members regularly torture Pooja, Her mother-in-law curses Pooja saying her son faces hardships due to her. Niranjan is arrested by the police on the charge of murder and sentenced to death. That night a mysterious man visits their house and says he will stop Niranjan's hanging only if Pooja agrees to spend a night with him. To save her husband's life, Pooja unwillingly agrees but the man does nothing with her. Niranjan is released from jail and his mother turns him against Pooja. Niranjan and his family expel Pooja from the house, calling her "characterless" for spending the night with the unknown man. Thereafter Pooja's divorce case goes to the court. Her in-laws even insult her father and sister. Pooja's father is murdered by Pooja's sister-in-law's husband in the court. Pooja and her sister are distraught. She circles her father's funeral pyre and vows to destroy the home which destroyed her life. She provokes her sister-in-law's husband in court and he tries to shoot her but she kills him. Pooja gradually destroys her in-laws. Niranjan and his family try to burn Pooja alive but Pooja saves herself and shoots Niranjan. Her in-laws and a dying Niranjan ask her for forgiveness.

## Cast

* Rani Mukerji as Advocate Pooja Chaudhary
* Faraaz Khan as Niranjan Chaudhary
* Shakti Kapoor as Banne Miyaan
* Pramod Moutho as Mr. Chaudhary
* Himani Shivpuri as Mrs. Chaudhary
* Mahavir Shah as Ankush Choudhary
* Arjun as Biloo
* Shahbaz Khan as Rajeshwar
* Asrani as Tolanii
* Yunus Parvez as Judge Mrityujay Saxena
* Gulshan Grover as Sikh Truck Driver Rakesh Singh
* Raza Murad as Seth Vikram Das
* Mary Gul Khan as Marjaan

## Soundtrack

All lyrics are written by Rani Malik; all music is composed by Babul Bose
# DWKE

Love FM 98.9 (DWKE 98.9 MHz) is an FM station owned and operated by Kaissar Broadcasting Network. Its studios and transmitter are located at Brgy. Danlagan, Lopez, Quezon.
# Pleistodontes xanthocephalus

Pleistodontes xanthocephalus is a species of fig wasp which is native to Australia. It has an obligate mutualism with Ficus obliqua, the fig species it pollinates.
# Eishin Soyogi

Eishin Soyogi (梵 英心, Soyogi Eishin, born October 11, 1980) is a professional Japanese baseball player. He plays infielder for the Hiroshima Toyo Carp.
# Pleistodontes athysanus

Pleistodontes athysanus is a species of fig wasp which is native to Australia. It has generally been collected from the syconia of Ficus brachypoda, but two individuals have been collected from F. cerasicarpa.
# Rama Lake (Pakistan)

Rama Lake (Urdu: راما سر جھیل) is a lake situated near Astore in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. It is located within the Astore Valley, which is characterized by a light covering of oak trees and other vegetation. As of 2013, the region has experienced significant deforestation, low average rainfall, and reduced vegetation, largely due to widespread illegal logging practices.

## Location

On the way to Rama Lake from Astore Valley, there are three small lakes known locally as Sarot in the Shina language.
Before 2005, Astore was a tehsil within the Diamir District, which was the fifth district of Gilgit-Baltistan. It has since been upgraded to a district.
The area surrounding Astore consists of more than 50 small villages, including Chilm, Bubin, Gorikot, Eid Ghah, Fena, Bulen, Choungrah, and Parishing.

## Rama Valley

Rama Valley is thickly forested with huge pine, cedar, fir and juniper trees. The valley is about 3,300 meters (10,800 feet) above sea level and is snow covered for 7–8 months of the year. In summer, it becomes lush green; conditions favored by local shepherds.
From here one can trek to the east side of the Nanga Parbat, the world's 9th highest mountain.

## Demographics

Rama Lake is located in Choungrah and the people of Choungrah are called Choungroch.
# Ortigueira

Ortigueira is a seaport and municipality in the province of A Coruña the autonomous community of Galicia in northwestern Spain. It belongs to the comarca of Ortegal. It is located on the northern slope of the Serra da Faladoira, the river Mera and on the eastern shore of the Ria de Santa Marta—a winding, rock-bound and much indented inlet of the Bay of Biscay, between Capes Ortegal and Bares, the northernmost headlands of the Peninsula. The town is noted for its romantic surroundings and sea bathing opportunities.

## Port of Espasante (Ortigueira)

The industries are fishing and farming. The harbour is well sheltered. Owing to its shallowness, large vessels cannot enter, but there is an important coasting trade, despite the dangerous character of the coast and the prevalence of fogs and gales.

## Culture

Ortigueira is notable for hosting Ortigueira's Festival of Celtic World, a folk music festival dedicated to the Celtic nations.
# Mayurakshi

Mayurakshi is a 2017 Bengali film directed by Atanu Ghosh and produced by Firdausal Hassan & Probal Halder for Friends Communication. The music was composed by Debojyoti Mishra. The film won the award for Best Bengali feature film at the 65th National Film Awards.

## Plot

In the modern world, with work pressures and financial woes mounting, isolation and stress becoming an integral part of life, most people believe that father and son bonding is becoming a thing of the past.
Mayurakshi narrates an intensely emotional tale of an 84-year-old father Sushovan, a brilliant former professor of history, presently suffering from age related neurological problems including dementia and cognitive dysfunction. His middle-aged son Aryanil visits him, an intimately sensitive man going through an unsettling phase in his personal life. Though deeply attached to his father, Aryanil is settled in Chicago, USA, and as such cut off from the soul who shaped his life. Within a five-day span of reunion, lost chapters get curiously reopened and incidents long buried suddenly turn relevant. Few days become more eventful than years and through the process of confrontation with aging and destiny, Aryanil seeks hope and sustenance in his own life.

## Cast

* Soumitra Chatterjee as Sushovan
* Prosenjit Chatterjee as Aryanil
* Indrani Halder as Sahana
* Sudipta Chakraborty as Mallika
* Gargi Roychowdhury as Paromita

## Awards and festivals

* NATIONAL AWARD
       Best Bengali Feature Film
* SINGAPORE SOUTH ASIAN INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL
       Best Movie Award
       Best Screenplay Award
* CHITRA BHARATHI
       Best Indian Cinema Award
* WBFJA
       Best Film
       Best Actor (Soumitra Chatterjee)
       Best Actor (Prosenjit Chatterjee)
* FILMFARE
       Best Film (Critics)
       Best Actor - Critics (Soumitra Chatterjee)
       Best Actor - Popular (Prosenjit Chatterjee)
       Best Background Score (Debojyoti Mishra)
* Hyderabad Bengali Film Festival
# 2013–14 Cagliari Calcio season

The 2013–14 season has been Cagliari Calcio's 11th consecutive season in Serie A. The team competed in Serie A and the Coppa Italia.

## Players
### Squad information

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | ITA | Marco Silvestri (on loan from Chievo) |
| 3 | DF | ITA | Alessandro Bastrini |
| 4 | MF | BEL | Radja Nainggolan |
| 4 | MF | ITA | Andrea Tabanelli (on loan from Cesena) |
| 5 | MF | ITA | Daniele Conti (captain) |
| 7 | MF | ITA | Andrea Cossu |
| 8 | DF | BRA | Danilo Avelar |
| 9 | FW | ITA | Marco Sau |
| 10 | MF | MKD | Agim Ibraimi (on loan from Maribor) |
| 13 | DF | ITA | Davide Astori (vice-captain) |
| 14 | DF | ITA | Francesco Pisano |
| 15 | DF | ITA | Luca Rossettini |
| 16 | MF | SWE | Sebastian Eriksson |
| 18 | FW | BRA | Nenê |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 19 | DF | GRE | Marios Oikonomou |
| 20 | MF | SWE | Albin Ekdal |
| 21 | MF | ITA | Daniele Dessena |
| 22 | MF | URU | Matías Cabrera |
| 23 | FW | COL | Víctor Ibarbo |
| 24 | DF | ITA | Gabriele Perico |
| 25 | GK | SRB | Vlada Avramov |
| 26 | GK | ESP | Antonio Adán |
| 27 | MF | URU | Matías Vecino (on loan from Fiorentina) |
| 28 | GK | ITA | Werther Carboni |
| 29 | DF | ITA | Nicola Murru |
| 32 | MF | BRA | Adryan |
| 34 | DF | ITA | Dario Del Fabro |
| 36 | MF | ITA | Andrea Demontis |
| 38 | FW | ITA | Simone Solinas |
| 51 | FW | CHI | Mauricio Pinilla |

## Competitions
### Serie A
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 13 | Udinese | 38 | 12 | 8 | 18 | 46 | 57 | −11 | 44 |
| 14 | Genoa | 38 | 11 | 11 | 16 | 41 | 50 | −9 | 44 |
| 15 | Cagliari | 38 | 9 | 12 | 17 | 34 | 53 | −19 | 39 |
| 16 | Chievo | 38 | 10 | 6 | 22 | 34 | 54 | −20 | 36 |
| 17 | Sassuolo | 38 | 9 | 7 | 22 | 43 | 72 | −29 | 34 |
* 1 2 Udinese finished ahead of Genoa on head-to-head away goals scored: Udinese 1-0 Genoa, Udinese 3-3 Genoa.