OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# R v Ireland

Regina V. Burstow Regina V Ireland (1997) was the appeal of two presidential cases in English law with the question as to whether or not psychiatric injury was considered 'bodily harm' under Section 47 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861.

## Facts
### R v Ireland

R v Ireland consisted of Mr. Robert Ireland making a large number of telephone calls to three separate women. Ireland would not speak during the calls and rang often late at night. He was convicted under Section 47 Actual Bodily Harm of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 and his case was appealed to the then presiding court, House of Lords.

### R v Burstow

In the case of R v Burstow, Anthony Burstow stalking and intimidation campaign against his ex-partner for eight months. Making silent phone calls, transmitting menacing messages, physically following her and photographing her and her family. The victim suffered a severe depressive illness as a result. Burstow was convicted of Grievous bodily harm contract to Section 20 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861. He appealed his case to the House of Lords on the grounds that silence cannot amount to Assault or Bodily harm.

## Ruling

The defendant appealed, sending the case to the House of Lords which, pre-Constitutional Reform Act 2005 and the founding of the United Kingdom Supreme Court, was the highest court in the land.
The decision to convict the defendant Ireland was upheld by the House of Lords, finding assault in English law can be found without verbal interaction.
Lord Steyn said
   The proposition that a gesture may amount to an assault, but that words can never suffice, is unrealistic and indefensible. A thing said is also a thing done. There is no reason why something said should be incapable of causing an apprehension of immediate personal violence
The decision in Burstow was that the word 'inflict' as in 'inflict bodily harm' can be interpreted as 'caused' and thus does not require any proof of a direct application of force. As severe psychological illnesses could therefore become Grievous Bodily Harm even though no physical 'bodily force' was ever inflicted.
The Lords additionally noted that as an assault is the fear of violence, it must be a fear of immediate violence, as in 'within a minute or two'.
# Shōin-jinja-mae Station

Shōin-jinja-mae Station (松陰神社前駅, Shōin-jinja-mae-eki) is a railway station on the Tokyu Setagaya Line in Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, operated by Tokyu Corporation.

## Station layout

The station consists of two side platforms serving two tracks.

### Platforms

| ■ Tokyu Setagaya Line | for Kamimachi and Shimo-Takaido |
| ■ Tokyu Setagaya Line | for Sangen-jaya |

## History

The station opened on January 18, 1925.
# Bald Eagle Peak

Bald Eagle Peak is a 6,259-foot (1,908-metre) mountain summit located 7.4 mi (11.9 km) southeast of Skykomish, in eastern King County of Washington state. It's part of the Cascade Range, and is situated in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, on land managed by Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains into tributaries of the Foss River. This peak is set on the divide between the east and west forks of Foss River. The nearest neighbor is Silver Eagle Peak, 1.1 mi (1.8 km) to the southwest, and Bald Eagle Lake lies in a cirque midway between the pair. The first ascent of this peak was made in 1933 by Hermann Ulrichs and Ben Falkenburg via the North Ridge. This mountain's toponym and correct location was officially adopted September 8, 1988, by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. Some older maps will have this peak erroneously labeled at Silver Eagle Peak's location.

## Climate

Bald Eagle Peak is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in high avalanche danger. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. The months July through September offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing this peak.

## Geology

The Alpine Lakes Wilderness features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks and ridges, deep glacial valleys, and granite walls spotted with over 700 mountain lakes. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences.
The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.
During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured and shaped the landscape. The last glacial retreat in the Alpine Lakes area began about 14,000 years ago and was north of the Canada–US border by 10,000 years ago. The U-shaped cross section of the river valleys is a result of that recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the Alpine Lakes Wilderness area.
# Mildred Dover

Mildred Alice Dover (born 12 April 1941) is a former educator and Canadian politician, who was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1996 to 2007.
A native of Fanningbrook, Prince Edward Island, she represented the electoral district of Tracadie-Fort Augustus and was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party. She served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Health and Social Services, Attorney General and Minister of Education. Dover served as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 2000 to 2003.
Dover was educated at Prince of Wales College and the University of Prince Edward Island. She taught school for 35 years and then began a career as a real estate agent in 1993. Dover was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1993.
# Type variable

In type theory and programming languages, a type variable is a mathematical variable ranging over types. Even in programming languages that allow mutable variables, a type variable remains an abstraction, in the sense that it does not correspond to some memory locations.
Programming languages that support parametric polymorphism make use of universally quantified type variables. Languages that support existential types make use of existentially quantified type variables. For example, the following OCaml code defines a polymorphic identity function that has a universally quantified type, which is printed by the interpreter on the second line:
In mathematical notation, the type of the function id is $\forall a.a\to a$, where $a$ is a type variable.
# Chechen State University

Chechen State University (Russian: Чеченский государственный университет) is a university located in Grozny, Chechnya, Russia. The school is home to the North Caucasian Centre of Pedagogics. The university traces its roots back to 1938.

## History
### Soviet period

Chechen State University, formerly Grozny University, saw a surge of development between 1970 and 1980.

### After the Chechen War

Military activity in the Chechen Republic during the Second Chechen War interrupted the development of Grozny University and destroyed several buildings. The university began restoration soon after the end of military operations and classes resumed in April 2000.
Over 800 instructors currently work at the school's campus. Chechen State University is a scientific and educational centre for the Chechen Republic.

## Notable alumni

* Apti Alaudinov (Law Faculty) - major general
* Magomed Bibulatov (Law Faculty) - professional MMA contender for the UFC
* Musa Dadayev (Law Faculty) - Deputy Prime Minister of Chechnya
* Khas-Magomed Kadyrov (Economics Faculty) - Mayor of Grozny
* Aishat Kadyrova (Economics Faculty) - Deputy Prime Minister of Chechnya
# Karhusaari

Karhusaari (Finnish), Björnsö (Swedish) is a subdistrict of Helsinki, Finland.
60°15′N 25°13′E﻿ / ﻿60.250°N 25.217°E﻿ / 60.250; 25.217
* This Southern Finland location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# William Jackson Food Group

William Jackson & Son Limited (trading as the William Jackson Food Group) is a British food manufacturer.

## History

The company was founded by William Jackson (1828–1912), who was born in Elstronwick and opened his first shop at 28 Scale Lane in Hull in 1851. He originally traded as a grocer and tea dealer.
The Jacksons Stores chain, which by that time comprised 114 convenience stores across the north of England, was sold to Sainsbury's in 2004.
The first bakery opened in 1891 and the current Jackson's bakery on Derringham Street opened in 1907.
The company developed a process for commercially producing Yorkshire puddings in 1968. In 1974, Butlin's leisure company asked the bakery to create a Yorkshire pudding for its holiday camps which led to the development of the Aunt Bessie's brand as of 2016 producing 20 million Yorkshire puddings a week.
The company acquired Abel & Cole in 2012 and The Food Doctor in 2016.
The company sold Aunt Bessie's to Nomad Foods in 2018.

## Current operations

The company's businesses include Abel & Cole (organic food delivery), Jacksons (bakery), MyFresh (vegetable processing), The Food Doctor (snacks), Wellocks (supplier to the restaurant industry) and the Ferguson Fawsitt Arms in Walkington (pub-restaurant).
# Bald Mountain (Greene County, New York)

Bald Mountain is a mountain located in Greene County, New York east-southeast of Prattsville, New York. Bald Mountain is located on Patterson Ridge. It drains south into Schoharie Creek and north into Batavia Kill.
# Margaret Trask

Margaret Trask AM (28 April 1928 – 19 November 2002) was an Australian librarian and educator, as well as Deputy Chancellor of the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). She is considered to be a pioneer in the area of information sciences in Australasia.

## Career

Trask began her career working for the State Library of New South Wales. She also worked as a librarian for the Penrith City Counci and the University of New South Wales (UNSW). In 1968, she began teaching library studies at the UNSW.
In 1974, Trask founded the School of Library and Information Studies at the Kuring-gai College of Advanced Education, which later became part of the campus at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). She was the head of the school until 1985, implementing new curriculums for undergraduate and graduate library studies. She was also a member of the UTS council for eight years and received a fellowship from the university in 1991. From 1998 until 2002, Trask served as deputy chancellor of the UTS.

## Related activities

Trask became a member of the Library Association of Australia"in 1956. The association awarded her a fellowship in 1969, for her work in helping subsidise public high school libraries. In 1977, she also served as president of the association's "Children's Libraries" section, advocating for better resources for schools.
From 1968 until 1973, she sat on the Secondary Schools Libraries Committee, affecting government policy through her many written reports. In 1985, she co-founded the Australian Information Management Association (AIMA) and became its executive director of Training & Consultancy Services. The AIMA offered leadership development and consultancy services in the area of library sciences, impacting libraries across Australian, New Zealand and the South Pacific.
Trask also wrote numerous articles for library periodicals, as well as for book reviewing and education journals.

## Awards and distinctions

In 1979, Trask was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia. Every year, the University of Technology Sydney hands out a medal in her honor to deserving graduates. In 2003, a special issue on Trask's career was published by the "Australian Library Journal". In 2018, a street was named after her in the Canberra suburb of Coombs.

## Background

Trask was born on 28 April 1928 in Camden, New South Wales. Her parents were Mary Winifred Price and Henry Kinsella, both immigrants from Ireland. Trask graduated with a bachelor's degree from the University of New England and obtained a Master of Librarianship from the University of New South Wales. She died on 19 November 2002.
# Elias Shaheen

Elias Shaheen or Elias Chahine (in Arabic الياس شاهين) (20 July 1914 in Ebrine, Lebanon – 5 December 1991) was the first bishop of the Maronite Church in Canada and in 1985 was appointed Archbishop of the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Saint Maron of Montreal.

## Life

Shaheen was born in Ebrine, Lebanon. On March 25, 1939, he was consecrated priest. He was appointed first Maronite bishop of the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Saint Maron of Montreal on August 27, 1982. Maronite Patriarch of Antioch, Cardinal Anthony Peter Khoraish, consecrated him bishop on November 7, 1982 and his co-consecrators were Archeparch Francis Mansour Zayek of Brooklyn and the Auxiliary bishop of Antioch, Bishop Roland Aboujaoudé. On March 13, 1985 Elias Shaheen was appointed Archbishop of Montréal. On November 23, 1990 he became Archbishop emeritus and was until his death on 5 December 1991. Shaheen was succeeded by Bishop Georges Abi-Saber, OLM.
# Hilary McIsaac

Hilary McIsaac (November 1, 1820 – August 23, 1901) was a farmer, shipbuilder and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented 2nd Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1872 to 1879 as a Conservative member.
He was born in St. Peters Bay, Prince Edward Island, the son of Dougald McIsaac, an Irish immigrant. In 1852, he married Sophie McDonald. McIsaac served on the Board of Works and was customs collector and controller of navigation laws for Port St. Peters.
McIsaac, who was also a justice of the peace and a commissioner for the probate of wills, was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1879. He died in Head of St. Peters Bay at the age of 80.
# Woodwardville Historic District

Woodwardville Historic District is a national historic district at Woodwardville, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. The district consists of 16 historic structures, most of which are located adjacent to Patuxent Road, which runs through the center of the village of Woodwardville. The district contains good examples of late-19th and early-20th century domestic architecture, including Bungalow, Foursquare, Tudor Revival, and Queen Anne styles. The village's development was directly related to the construction of the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad, initiated in 1867 and completed in 1872.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.
# Mauger (archbishop of Rouen)

Mauger (or Malger according to the Gesta Normannorum Ducum) was born around 1019 near Dieppe. He was the younger son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy, and his second wife, Papia of Envermeu.
Mauger was brought up at the abbey of Fécamp as an eminent member of the ducal family, some of whom were later openly hostile to the accession of Duke William II. On the death of his uncle Robert, Archbishop of Rouen in 1037, Mauger, who was only 18 was chosen to succeed him.
Mauger was apparently slow to instill loyalty to the young Duke William. In particular, he was opposed to the marriage of Duke William and Matilda of Flanders in 1049. His full brother William of Talou married a sister of the Count of Ponthieu and was appointed by William as Count of Arques, near Dieppe.
William of Talou, Mauger's brother, was defeated in a failed rebellion against their nephew Duke William in battle near Arques in 1053, after which the former fled into exile at Boulogne. Because of a perceived connection to his brother's rebellion, Mauger was deposed from his archbishopric at the council of Lisieux. Mauger was banished from Rouen to the Isle of Guernsey; he landed at a bay on the south coast that was named "Saint's Bay" in his honour.
Mauger's behaviour as a secular lord who had opposed papal authority enabled William to achieve his deposition on the grounds of inappropriate conduct at a provincial council held at Lisieux in 1054 or 1055, under the bishop Hugh of Lisieux (fl. 1049 - d. 17 July 1077). Stories relating to the end of Mauger's life in the Channel Islands were collected a century later by Wace (1100-1174), himself a native of Jersey. According to Wace, Mauger had a common law wife, who had borne him many children, and Mauger had devoted himself to hawking and reading occult sciences. The dethroned bishop is alleged to have abandoned himself to a pact with the devil and, having gone mad, drowned about 1055; his body was buried in a church at Cherbourg-Octeville. At the time of his death, Mauger is assumed to be 36. He was succeeded by Maurilius.
# Anzoplana

Anzoplana is a genus of land planarians from Australia, currently comprising a single species, Anzoplana trilineata.

## Description

The genus Anzoplana includes land planarians of the tribe Anzoplanini that have a small and robust body, with mouth just behind the mid body and gonopore closer to the mouth than to the posterior end. The mesenchymal longitudinal musculature is weak, not forming clear bundles, but forming a weak ring zone around the intestine and a well-developed subneural plate. The copulatory apparatus has an eversible penis, without papilla, and adenodactyls.

## Etymology

The name Anzoplana comes from ANZ, a traditional abbreviation for Australia and New Zealand, combined with Latin plana, flat.
# List of aircraft of Switzerland in World War II

This is a list of aircraft of the Swiss Air Force during World War II. During World War II, despite Switzerland being neutral throughout, Swiss pilots did engage with axis and allied aircraft to defend Swiss airspace.

## Fighters

* EKW D3800 (licensed production of M.S 406)
* Messerschmitt Bf 109

## Ground attack

* EKW C-36

## Bombers

* Dornier Do 217-1 only confiscated

## Liaison or army cooperation

* Messerschmitt Bf 108 Taifun

## Trainers

* Morane-Saulnier MS.230
* Bucker Bu 131
# Ian Goodnow

Ian Goodnow is an American politician. He is the member-elect for the Windham-9 district of the Vermont House of Representatives.
# X-Ray Cafe

The X-Ray Cafe was a small music venue in Portland, Oregon, United States from 1990 to 1994. An all-ages and community-oriented club, the X-Ray played a "heavyweight role in shaping Portland's underground culture", fostering such musical acts as The Dandy Warhols, Dead Moon, Elliott Smith, Team Dresch, and Quasi, and hosted national acts like Bikini Kill and Green Day and was described by Details as one of the best rock and roll clubs in the country. Located at 214 W. Burnside St., it was characterized by a surreal environment and performers; owners Tres Shannon and Benjamin Arthur Ellis, who took over the U.F.O Cafe to establish the X-Ray and were in the band The Kurtz Project, encouraged acts that featured instruments that aren't typically associated with rock music, like Big Daddy Meatstraw, who performed on stage in clown costumes. As grunge and alternative music were emerging in Portland and Seattle under a national spotlight, the X-Ray served as an important stage for smaller acts in the genre, and along with nearby Satyricon nightclub, established Portland as an important regional performing destination for touring bands.
The X-Ray was in operation from 1990 to 1994.
An archival recording of the Dead Moon concert on X-Ray's closing night, August 16, 1994, was released by Voodoo Doughnut Recordings. A few songs into an already cathartic set, marked by the themes of an ending epoch and an inevitable changing-of-the-guards, singer and bassist Toody Cole remarks to the crowd, "What a way to see the old girl go!" The old girl is both the venue–the widely venerated, black velvet painting-decorated X-Ray Cafe and the community it created.
The club is the subject of a 2000 documentary, "X-Ray Visions," directed by former owner Ellis.
Owner Richard "Tres" Shannon III has remained a prominent figure in Portland. He booked music for neighboring club Berbati's Pan, and later opened Voodoo Doughnut. He has also run for Mayor of Portland and City Council, and founded the innovative karaoke band Karaoke from Hell.
The X-Ray Cafe was the site of a small but controversial riot in 1993.
# Mozu Station

Mozu Station (百舌鳥駅, Mozu-eki) is a passenger railway station in located in Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

## Lines

Mozu Station is served by the Hanwa Line, and is located 11.1 kilometres (6.9 miles) from the northern terminus of the line at Tennōji.

## Station layout

The station consists of two opposed side platforms connected by a footbridge. The station is staffed.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Hanwa Line | for Ōtori, Hineno and Wakayama |
| 2 | ■ Hanwa Line | for Tennōji |

## History

Asaka Station opened on 18 July 1929 as the Nintoku Goryo-mae Stop (仁徳御陵前停留場, Nintoku Goryo-mae Teiryujo). It was renamed Mozu Goryo-mae Stop (百舌鳥御陵前停留場, Mozu Goryo-mae Teiryujo) in May 1938 and to its present name on 1 May 1944. With the privatization of the Japan National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the aegis of the West Japan Railway Company.
Station numbering was introduced in March 2018 with Mozu being assigned station number JR-R30.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 3921 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Mozu Tombs
* Sakai City Museum
# Spronser Rötelspitze

The Spronser Rötelspitze is a mountain in the Ötztal Alps in South Tyrol, Italy.
# Ryo Hayami

Ryo Hayami (速水 亮, Hayami Ryō) (born (1949-11-14) November 14, 1949 (age 75) in Kimitsu, Chiba, Japan) is a Japanese actor known for playing the hero Keisuke Jin in the tokusatsu superhero series Kamen Rider X. On December 18, 2019, he suffered a heart attack from a collapse. He has been recovering.

## Filmography
### Film

* Anata gonomi no (1969) - Young man A
* Gamera vs. Jiger (1970) - Keisuke Sawada
* Osanazuma (1970)
* Five Riders vs. King Dark (1974) - Keisuke Jin / Kamen Rider X
* Utareru mae-ni ute! (1976) - Matsuda Kensaku
* Sengoku jieitai (1979) - Kazumichi Morishita
* Akujo kamakiri (1983) - Takayuki Shimazaki
* Heisei Riders vs. Shōwa Riders: Kamen Rider Taisen feat. Super Sentai (2014) - Keisuke Jin / Kamen Rider X

### Television

* Kamen Rider X (1974) - Keisuke Jin / Kamen Rider X
* Kamen Rider Stronger (1975) - Keisuke Jin / Kamen Rider X
* All Together! Seven Kamen Riders!! (1976) - Keisuke Jin / Kamen Rider X
* Kamen Rider (Skyrider) (1979-1980) - Keisuke Jin / Kamen Rider X