OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Clinton Valley Center

The Clinton Valley Center (CVC), originally called the Eastern Michigan Asylum for the Insane, was a psychiatric hospital located at 140 Elizabeth Lake Road in Pontiac, Michigan. The facility was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1974 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981, with a decrease in its boundaries in 1986. The facility was closed in 1997 and demolished in 2000.

## History

In 1873, to alleviate the overcrowding at the Kalamazoo psychiatric hospital, the Michigan state legislature appropriated $400,000 for the construction of a second hospital in eastern Michigan. Cities in the area were requested to bid for the project, and Pontiac won out over Detroit and other cities. The architect for the original main hospital was Elijah E. Myers, who also served as the architect for the current Michigan State Capitol in Lansing. The asylum opened its doors five years later, on August 1, 1878, and began treating 222 patients. The original superintendent, Henry Mills Hurd, introduced multiple innovations in psychiatric care, including discouraging restraints, occupational therapy, and recreational activities.
Both the campus size and number of patients slowly grew, as the hospital was repeatedly enlarged between 1882 and 1895 (also designed by Myers), with more additions in 1906, 1914, and 1938. In 1911, the hospital changed its name to Pontiac State Hospital. During the 1950s, the hospital experienced its peak of approximately 3,100 residing patients. The facility was renamed the Clinton Valley Center in 1973, and by the later 1970s the number of patients had declined to around 800.
Due to a decreasing number of patients, the facility was closed in 1997 by the State of Michigan with only 200 patients. The facility was demolished in 2000. A subdivision now occupies the site.

## Description

The campus of the Clinton Valley Center contained 44 structures, many of which were extensions of the original 1878 hospital.
The 1878 structure was a 3+1⁄2-story red-brick structure with a center building for offices and staff, and two wings for male and female patients. The building had a steeply pitched slate roof with multiple towers, and wood and metal cornices. The building resembled a typical Kirkbride model. The 1882 additions were designed by Charles Anderson to match the original construction. The 1906 and 1914 additions were brick hipped-roof structures, and the 1938 construction added a Tudor designed building onto the front of the structure.
Apart from the main hospital, other structures on the campus included the Vinton Building (1893), the Sawyer Building (1917), the Italian Renaissance chapel (1907) designed by the Detroit firm of Smith, Hinchman and Grylls.
# David Burpee

David Burpee (April 5, 1893 – June 24,1980) was a seedsman and president of the W.A. Burpee Company from 1915 until 1970. He was known for his experimentation and hybridization of vegetables and flowers that were for the general population.

## Early life and education

David Burpee was born on April 5, 1893, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He attended Blight School and Doylestown High School, and later Culver Military Academy in Indiana. In 1913, he enrolled in Cornell University to study agriculture until his father, W. Atlee Burpee, died in 1915. Burpee dropped out and took over the family business selling seeds.
In 1937, Burpee married Lois Torrance after meeting her at a flower show.

## Career

As head of Burpee Seeds, he immediately began shifting the firm's focus from vegetables to flowers. In 1917 the W. A. Burpee Company was incorporated with Burpee as president. Sales were $900,000 that year, equal to $21,403,636 today.
Burpee initiated a War Gardens campaign during World War I when overseas seed supplies were interrupted and there were food shortages. These programs were aimed at city folk, teaching them how to grow food during shortages by buying Burpee seeds. During the 1930s the company started a cross-breeding program to produce healthier and more disease-resistant hybrids. This period also saw the development of Golden Gleam, a double nasturtium, the Big Boy tomato, the Ambrosia cantaloupe, and also new varieties of petunias and marigolds.
During the 1940s Burpee moved on to genetic engineering, altering flower chromosomes using the chemical colchicine extracted from crocus plants. This research led to new varieties of snapdragons and zinnia. World War II meant more shortages and another opportunity to sell seeds in the Victory Gardens campaign.
By 1959 Burpee had grown his father's company into the largest seed catalog mail order house in the world with sales over $6 million, equal to $62,712,329 today. In 1960 Burpee mailed 4 million seed annuals to customers. By 1960, he had hybridized the marigold to be odorless and it became the best-selling flower in the United States. He later unsuccessfully lobbied to make the marigold the national flower.
In 1970, Burpee sold the company to General Foods and in 1979 it was passed on to ITT. Both companies retained David Burpee as a consultant until his death. His son Jonathan Burpee was the director of the customer service department during the 1970s. He left the company in 1993.
In 1991 the Burpee company was acquired by George J. Ball, Inc. (now Ball Horticultural Company), a diversified horticultural family business. In 1995 the family split up the various holdings, with George Ball Jr. taking control of Burpee.
Burpee died in Doylestown on June 24, 1980.
# Collonista

Collonista is a genus of sea snails in the family Colloniidae.

## Species

As of 2020, the World Register of Marine Species accepts 20 species within the genus Collonista:
* Collonista amakusaensis Habe, 1960
* Collonista arsinoensis (Issel, 1869)
* Collonista costulosa (Sowerby II, 1886)
* Collonista crassilirata (Preston, 1909)
* Collonista delecta (E. A. Smith, 1899)
* Collonista eroopolitana (Issel, 1869)
* Collonista glareosa (Gould, 1861)
* Collonista granulosa (Pease, 1868)
* Collonista hoatkoe S.-I Huang, I-F. Fu & K.-H. Hu, 2019
* Collonista jucunda (Thiele, 1925)
* Collonista kreipli Poppe, Tagaro & Stahlschmidt, 2015
* Collonista lenticula (Gould, 1861)
* Collonista miltochrista (Melvill, 1918)
* Collonista picta (Pease, 1868)
* Collonista purpurata (Deshayes, 1863)
* Collonista rubricincta (Mighels, 1845)
* Collonista solida (Preston, 1908)
* Collonista thachi S.-I Huang, I.-F. Fu & Poppe, 2016
* Collonista verruca (Gould, 1845)
* Collonista viridula (Sowerby III, 1900)
# Monroe Berkowitz

Monroe Berkowitz (March 19, 1919 - November 15, 2009) was Professor of Economics at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, where he was chair for many years, and director of the Bureau of Economic Research.
Berkowitz was a leading authority on the economics of disability and rehabilitation in public programs, private disability insurance, and public and private rehabilitation systems in the U.S. and other countries. Berkowitz developed the "Ticket to Work" program that was enacted into law in 1999.
He was the 2006 recipient of the National Academy of Social Insurance Robert M. Ball Award for outstanding achievements in social insurance.

## Early life and education

Berkowitz was born in March 19, 1919. A graduate of Ohio University (1942), he served with the War Labor Board, and worked briefly for the United Auto Workers. Berkowitz received his Master's and Doctoral degrees in Economics from Columbia University.
He served as Director of Special Studies, President’s Commission on Workers' Compensation, Director of the Rutgers University Bureau of Economic Research, Director of Research at Rehabilitation International, a member of the International Return to Work Group, organizer of the New Jersey Disability Research Consortium of the New Jersey Developmental Disabilities Council, and Founding Member of the National Academy of Social Insurance. He also served as consultant to numerous government and other agencies including the Social Security Administration, the World Health Organization, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and Rehabilitation International.
He held Fulbright and other fellowships, and worked in England, India, New Zealand, and elsewhere throughout the world.

## Works

Berkowitz authored and co-authored 15 books, more than 50 reports, proceedings, chapters, etc., and scores of articles including: Economics, Experience and Analysis (with Mitchell, Murad, and Bagley, 1951), and The Economic Consequences of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (with Harvey and Greene). His work Disability and the Labor Market with Anne Hill (1986) is cited as an important reference, and won the Book of the Year Award from the President's Committee of Employment of Persons with Disabilities, and his 1987 work, Permanent Partial Disability and Workers' Compensation, with John Burton, won the George Kulp Award of the American Risk and Insurance Association.
He was a member of the National Academy of Arbitrators, the National Academy of Social Insurance, the American Economic Association, and the Industrial Relations Research Association.

## Death

Berkowitz died on November 15, 2009.
# Marnoo, Victoria

Marnoo is a town in the Wimmera region of Victoria, Australia. Its postal code is 3387. At the 2021 census, Marnoo and the surrounding area had a population of 99.

## Gallery

* General store in Marnoo
* Marnoo War Memorial
* Marnoo Presbyterian Church
* Newall Street
# Fried Fish, Chicken Soup and a Premiere Show

Fried Fish, Chicken Soup and a Premiere Show is a 2011 documentary, Indian Meitei-English bilingual film directed by Mamta Murthy and produced by Madhusree Dutta. It is presented by Majlis. The movie won the National Film Award for Best Arts/Cultural Film at the 59th National Film Awards. It had participated in many international film festivals like South Asian International Film Festival, New York; CPH:DOX Copenhagen and Asiatica Film Mediale, Rome.
The movie got selection in the Bandra Film Festival 2021.

## Synopsis

Set in Manipur, a conflict region on the remote India-Burma border, the film journeys across a century to paint a portrait of a cinema and its citizens. The film centers around shooting, production and release of the 2010 Manipuri movie 21st Century's Kunti.

## Cast

* Manaobi MM
* H. Neki
* Y. Gandhi
* Muhindro
* Gokul Athokpam
* Maya Choudhury
* Denny Likmabam
* Bala Hijam
* Joseph Thokchom

## Accolades

The movie won the National Film Award for Best Arts/Cultural Film at the 59th National Film Awards. The citation for the National Award reads, "For taking us on a journey that chronicles the struggle to produce films in strife torn Manipur and in the process painting a vivid canvas, which captures cinema in the state as a medium of popular culture".
It also won the International Jury Award at the Mumbai International Film Festival 2012. The film bagged the Best Documentary Award at the 6th SIGNS Festival, Kerala 2012.
# Kniphofia × praecox

Kniphofia × praecox, also known as Kniphofia praecox or the greater red-hot poker is a species of flowering plant in the family Asphodelaceae.
This species is believed to be the result of hybridization between Kniphofia uvaria and Kniphofia bruceae, leading to it being referred to as Kniphofia × praecox.

## Description

Kniphofia × praecox is a clump forming perennial species, with narrow grass-like leaves. Leaves can reach a maximum length of 2 metres. Plants produce upright, long flower stalks. Due to the plants flower stalks they can reach a height of 1.5 metres tall. Stems host a cylindrical cluster of flowers. Flower buds start off scarlet red and transition to a reddish-orange and then yellow as they mature.

## Distribution

Kniphofia × praecox is native to South Africa, where it is found from the Swartberg Mountains to the Eastern Cape.
The species is used in gardens around the world as an ornamental plant. Introduced/escaped populations have been recorded within the United Kingdom, Belgium, New Zealand, Colombia and Ecuador.

## Habitat

Kniphofia × praecox naturally grows alongside streams, riverbanks and marshland habitats.
It is naturally found at elevations of around 2400 metres above sea level.
Outside of its natural range it has been recorded to grow on the verges of railway tracks.
# Richard M. Ivey

Richard Macaulay Ivey, CC QC (October 26, 1925 – December 28, 2019) was a Canadian lawyer, businessman and philanthropist.

## Life and career

Ivey was born in London, Ontario, and he attended Ridley College in St. Catharines, Ontario. He then earned an Honours Business Administration (HBA) degree from the University of Western Ontario (UWO) in 1947.
While attending UWO, Ivey was a member of the Delta Upsilon fraternity and graduated in the same class as his successor as Chancellor, David B. Weldon. Ivey served as Chancellor of UWO from 1980 to 1984, while his father (Richard G. Ivey) had served as Chancellor from 1955 to 1961.
In 1947, Ivey and his father established the Richard Ivey Foundation, a private charitable foundation located in Toronto. It had assets of over CAD $62 million in 2002 and has given away over CAD $56 million.
In 1988, Ivey was made a Member of the Order of Canada. He was subsequently promoted twice – to Officer in 1994 and Companion in 2000.
# Nublu Club

The Nublu Club is a club in East Village, Manhattan, New York, that was opened in 2002 by Swedish-Turkish saxophonist Ilhan Ersahin. On its 10th anniversary the club's namesake festival presented what it calls the Nublu Sound, a combination of jazz, African, South American, Caribbean, electronic, and dance music. Among the bands associated with Nublu are The Brazilian Girls, Forro in the Dark, Love Trio, and Wax Poetic. Associates who perform there include Butch Morris, John Zorn, Sun Ra Arkestra, David Byrne, Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, Norah Jones, and Bebel Gilberto.
Nublu currently has two locations, Nublu 151 located at 151 Ave C, and Nublu Classic located at 62 Ave C, as well as a Record Label "Nublu Records"

## History

Ersahin had been developing festival programming from New York since moving there from Sweden when he was 20 years old, in addition to packaging performance for festivals in Turkey, his father's homeland. Before opening Nublu, Ersahin had worked for a decade at the Sweet Basil Jazz Club. The musicians he performed with became part of the Nublu collective. Nublu Club grew out of parties he was throwing at venues in Manhattan where friends performed. He came up with the term "Nublu" to convey his eclectic aesthetic.
The club has a nondescript exterior with a concrete ramp to a blank door. The layout of the club was designed to ensure that music was central to the patrons' experience by placing the performers on floor level in the middle of the long club, as opposed to being up on a stage at one end. When the club briefly lost its license, it closed for one year from 2011 to 2012, during which Nublu events such as Butch Morris and the Nublu Orchestra were held downstairs at Lucky Cheng's on 1st Avenue. Nublu reopened with a new beer and wine license in 2012 at a new location further north on Ave C. The club's return featured one of the Nublu's touchstones, the Sun Ra Arkestra led by Marshall Allen.

## Nublu bands and label

The house band was Love Trio, the group Ersahin put together in 2002 with Jesse Murphy and drummer Kenny Wollesen who had worked with him at his Saturday brunch jams at Sweet Basil's in the West Village. Another band at the heart of the Nublu experience in the early days was Wax Poetic, an improvising collective. Their first performances took place at Save the Robots on Avenue B. The recordings featured spoken word from poet Saul Williams. Its first vocalists include Norah Jones, Bebel Gilberto, and Sabina of the Brazilian Girls.
Other Ersahin ensembles that refined their sound at the Nublu club are Wonderland and Our Theory. A key member of the scene was Butch Morris, the creator of Conduction, who led the Nublu Orchestra from the opening of the club until his death in 2013.
# Włodzimierz, Radomsko County

Włodzimierz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamieńsk, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Kamieńsk, 22 km (14 mi) north of Radomsko, and 58 km (36 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
# Idu (city)

Idu, also Idum (Sātu Qalā) was an ancient Near Eastern town in the Erbil Governorate in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, on the right bank of the Lower Zab. It was occupied primarily in the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age periods, though it remained occupied until the Middle Islamic period. It lies 70 kilometers southeast of modern Erbil and 50 kilometers northeast of modern Kirkuk.

## History

Surface pottery fragments indicated some level of occupation occurred in the Early Bronze and Middle Bronze ages. The site was definitively occupied in the Late Bronze age Middle Assyrian period, in the later half of the 2nd millennium BC, based on an inscribed brick, an excavated palace, and a cylinder seal, when it was the capital of Idu province. After the fall of the Middle Assyrian Empire the city became independent for several centuries, with known rules named Abbizeri, Bal’ilanu and Eristenu, and Baiuri. An inscribed brick of the latter read "Bajaru, King of the Land Idu, son of Edima". Idu then became part of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in its early days. It later gained independence and survived to later become part of the , Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, and Sassanians empires. The site was occupied until the Middle Islamic period.

## Archaeology

The site consists of a main mound 170 meters by 100 meters in area with a height about 10 meters above the plain. The south slope is marked by a side branch of the Lower Zab river. A modern village covers much of the top and locals have mined the northern slope for topsoil. It was visited by the excavators during a survey of the region in 2006. During that visit a local turned over several inscribed bricks from the Middle Assyrian period bearing the town name, a royal name, and reference to the building of a palace wall. Excavations were conducted in 2010 and 2011 involving researchers Diederik Meijer and Wilfred van Soldt from Leiden University, Leipzig University and Salahaddin University. Four squares were opened, Area A on the west slope, Area B on the northeast slope, Area C on the eastern slope, and Area D on the southern slope. In Area A a serpentine 9th century BC cylinder seal was found. Finds included 41 inscribed objects in the Assyrian dialect of Akkadian, none in situ and most were bricks originating in an embankment wall of the palace. All of the inscribed bricks were of local rulers except for one Neo-Assyrian fragment "Palace of Aššurnaṣirpal, king of the land of Aššur …".
   "Palace of Abbi-zēri, king of the land of the city of Idu, son of Šara…ni, also king of the land of the city of Idu. The embankment wall of the palace of Abbi-zēri.
Additionally, some inscribed items from the site are held in museums, three at the Suleimaniya Museum, four at the Museum of the Directorate of Antiquities in Koya, and one at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad. Further work awaits agreement with the locals of town of Sātu Qalā, which Idu sits beneath.
# Charles-Philippe Larivière

Charles-Philippe Larivière (28 September 1798 in Paris – 29 February 1876 in Paris) was a French academic painter and lithographer.

## Biography

A talented student of Paulin Guérin, Girodet-Trioson and Antoine-Jean Gros, he was admitted to the école des Beaux-Arts in 1813 and won second prize in the Prix de Rome in 1819 then a médaille d'encouragement in 1820. In 1824, he won first prize in the Prix de Rome with a painting of The Death of Alcibiades, thus allowing him to stay in Rome at the Villa Medici from 1824 to 1830.
Receptive to the sensibilities of the Romantic school but formed within the discipline of classicism, he became an official artist specialising in history paintings of public events and battles of the Ancien Régime (such as the Battle of the Dunes) and the medieval period (such as Montgisard and Castillon). However, he also produced portraits of public figures and religious works. He first exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1827 and won a medal in 1831 and 1855. He benefitted from important public commissions (such as 3 paintings in the Galerie des batailles at the château de Versailles) and received the Légion d'honneur in 1836. He was also awarded the Tunisian Nichan Iftikhar.
Among the portraits of historic figures which he assigned to the paintings collection at the Musée d'Histoire de France at Versailles are those of marshals Rochambeau, Bugeaud and Saint-Arnaud. His standing portrait of général Dode de La Brunerie hung on the escalier d'honneur of the Pavillon du Roi, at the Château de Vincennes.
He also decorated a chapel dedicated to Saint-Eustache and, like Ingres, produced cartoons for stained glass windows for the Chapelle royale de Dreux. On his death, his family left what was left in his studio for the musée de Picardie. The last painting by Larivière to enter a French public collection was Le Tasse convalescent au couvent de Saint-Onufre, acquired in 2001 by the Museum of Grenoble.

## Family

Charles-Philippe Larivière was the grandson of the painter Charles Lepeintre and uncle by marriage to the painter Albert Maignan.
His brother Louis-Eugène Larivière (c1801-1823) was also a painter. Albert Maignan left the Louvre a portrait by Louis-Eugene of Eugénie-Paméla Larivière (c 1804–1824), sister to Charles-Philippe and Louis-Eugène.

## Gallery
### Versailles

* Alexandre Ferdinand Parseval-Deschenes (1790–1860)
* Rémy-Isidore Exelmans (1775–1852)
* Thomas Bugeaud (1784–1849)
* Ibrahim Pacha (1789–1848)
* Albin Roussin (1781–1854)

### Other

* The Arrival of the Duke of Orleans at the Hôtel de Ville (1836)
# Tokuan Station

Tokuan Station (徳庵駅, Tokuan-eki) is a passenger railway station in located in the city of Higashiōsaka, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West). It is also the location of a freight depot of the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

## Lines

Tokuan Station is served by the Katamachi Line (Gakkentoshi Line), and is located 39.8 km from the starting point of the line at Kizu Station.

## Station layout

The station has one ground-level side platform and one ground-level island platform, each capable of accommodating eight-car trains, with an elevated station building.

## Platforms

| 1 | ■ H KatamachiLine | for Kyōbashi, Kitashinchi and Amagasaki |
| 2 | ■ H Katamachi Line | for Shijōnawate and Matsuiyamate |
| 3 | ■ H Katamachi Line | (siding) |

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Katamachi Line (Gakkentoshi Line) |||||
| Rapid Service: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Regional Rapid Service: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Kōnoikeshinden | Local | Hanaten |

## History

The station was opened on 22 August 1895.
Station numbering was introduced in March 2018 with Tokuan being assigned station number JR-H38.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 10,679 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Tokuan Shopping Arcade
* Inada Shopping Arcade (Inada Plus Road)
* The Kinki Sharyo Co., Ltd.