OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Dorsey

Thomas Dorsey may refer to:
* Tommy Dorsey (1905–1956), bandleader and jazz trombone player
* Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), gospel composer and performer, known as Georgia Tom in his earlier jazz career
* Thomas Beale Dorsey (1780–1855), American politician and judge in Maryland
* Dan Hornsby (1927-1939), recording artist who briefly used the pseudonym Tom Dorsey
# Emmelichthyidae

Emmelichthyidae is a small family of small to medium-sized marine ray-finned fishes known commonly as rovers, bonnetmouths or rubyfishes.

## Taxonomy

Emmelichthyidae was first proposed as a taxonomic grouping in 1867 by the Cuban naturalist Felipe Poey. The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the family in the suborder Sciaenoidei, alongside the drum family Sciaenidae, in the order Acanthuriformes. Other authorities classify the Emmelichthyidae and the Sciaenidae as incertae sedis within the series Eupercaria. The Catalog of Fishes retains this family within the Acanthuriformes but does not recognise the suborder Sciaenoidei. The family was formerly regarded as being much larger, including a wide range of plankton-eating fish, but most of the genera previously included were discovered to be unrelated examples of parallel evolution, and were moved to other families.

## Genera

The family Emmelichthyidae contains the following three genera:
* Emmelichthys Richardson, 1845
* Erythrocles Jordan, 1919
* Plagiogeneion Forbes, 1890

## Characteristics

Emmelichthyidae are streamlined fishes with much of their heads and bodies covered in small ctenoid scales which also extend on the base of both the dorsal and anal fin. They have distensible jaws and large mouths with the maxillae widely expanded and clearly scaled. The lower jaw protrudes slightly and the teeth highly reduced or there are none at all. The rear margin of the operculum has a pair of flat spines. The dorsal fin is long and may be divided into 2 fins with the anal fin being similar and opposite the soft-rayed portion of the dorsal fin. The caudal fin has a deep fork. Typically these fish do not exceed 50 cm (20 in) in length.

## Distribution

Emmelichthyidae is distributed in tropical and warmer temperate waters in the Indo-Pacific, southern Pacific, eastern Atlantic, and Caribbean Sea.
# Trzebina, Opole Voivodeship

Trzebina is a village in Opole Voivodeship in southern Poland, near the Czech border. It is 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Lubrza, 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Prudnik, and 48 km (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole. Historically located in Upper Silesia, in the Prudnik Land.
It was granted town rights in 1542.

## Notable people

* Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (1742–1819), Prussian field marshal
# Grey-head surgeonfish

The grey-head surgeonfish (Acanthurus nigros) is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae which includes the surgeonfishes. unicornfishes and tangs. This species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

## Taxonomy

The grey-head surgeonfish was first formally described in 1861 by the German-born British herpetologist and ichthyologist Albert Günther with its type locality given as Aneityum Island in Vanuatu. In 1956 John E. Randall reviewed the genus Acanthurus and placed Günther's A. nigros in synonymy with A. nigroris which had been described by Achille Valenciennes from Hawaii in 1835 but in 2011 workers, including Randall, have argued that genetic differences support the validity of A. nigros as a separate species from A. nigroris. The genus Acanthurus is one of two genera in the tribe Acanthurini which is one of three tribes in the subfamily Acanthurinae which is one of two subfamilies in the family Acanthuridae.

## Etymology

The grey-head surgeonfish has the specific name nigros, which means "black", and is an allusion to the black anal, caudal and dorsal fins and the black spot to the rear of the base of the dorsal and anal fins.

## Description

The grey-head surgeonfish has its dorsal fin supported by 9 spines and between 24 and 27 soft rays while its anal fin is supported by 3 spines and 22-25 soft rays. It also has a anterior gill raker count of between 21 and 25. The overall colour of the body is pale to dark brown, with slightly irregular, horizontal, dotted blue lines thinner than the brown spaces between them. There are blue lines on the head below the eye and on the gill cover which run parallel to the snout. There is a black spot with a diameter less than half that of the eye at the posterior of both the dorsal and anal fins. There is frequently a thick whitish bar on the caudal peduncle. The dorsal and anal fins have horizontal reddish brown bands and a slender blue margin.

## Distribution

The grey-head surgeonfish is found in the western Pacific Ocean from the Great Barrier Reef and Caroline Islands east to the Pitcairn Islands.
# Chaetodon pelewensis

Chaetodon pelewensis, the dot dash butterflyfish, spotbanded butterflyfish or punctato butterflyfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a butterflyfish belonging to the family Chaetodontidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean.

## Description

Chaetodon pelwensis has a dusky yellow body with diagonal stripes across the body and black-margined gold vertical bar through the eye. There is a black spot on the head. The stripes break up into spots towards the head and on the lower flanks. The margins of the fins are bright yellow and the base of the caudal fin is bright orange. The dorsal fin has 13-14 spines and 22-25 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 17-18 soft rays. It attains a maximum total length of 12.5 centimetres (4.9 in).

## Distribution

Chaetodon pelewensis is found across the southern Pacific Ocean from Papua New Guinea to the Tuamotu Archipelago. This species is abundant on the Great Barrier Reef and in the Coral Sea. In Australia it extends as far south as central New South Wales and Lord Howe Island.

## Habitat and biology

Chaetodon pelewensis is found in coral reefs at depths of at least 45 metres (148 ft). They feed largely on coral polyps and some benthic invertebrates. This species is oviparous and monogamous, breeding in pairs. Occasionally it will form mixed pairs with the spotband butterflyfish (C. punctatofasciatus), and these species are known to hybridise.

## Taxonomy and etymology

Chaetodon pelewensis was first formally described in 1868 by the Austrian ichthyologist Rudolf Kner (1810-1869) with the type locality given as Palau in the Western Pacific, Pelew Inseln in German, in error when the correct type locality is probably the Society Islands. The specific name reflects the erroneous designation of the type locality. This species is placed in the subgenus Exornator, if the genus Chaetodon is split up, Exornator might become a subgenus of Lepidochaetodon.

## Utilisation

Chaetodon pelewensis is commonly found in the aquarium trade and in the period 1988 to 2002 over 12,000 individuals of this species were traded.
# MYG

myG is an Indian consumer electronics retailer.
MYG or Myg may also refer to:
* Myg (character), a superhero in the DC Comics universe
* HNoMS Myg, an 1899 torpedo boat of the Norwegian Navy
* Manta language (ISO-639-3: myg), a Grassfields language of Cameroon
* Marayong railway station (station code: MYG), Sydney, Australia
* Mayaguana Airport (IATA: MYG), Bahamas
* Mayingite (International Mineralogical Association symbol: Myg), a pyrite mineral; see List of minerals recognized by the International Mineralogical Association (M)
* Mianyang (administrative division code: MYG), a city in Sichuan, China
* Miyagam Karjan Junction railway station (station code: MYG), Gujarat, India
# Lü Junchang

Lü Junchang (Chinese: 吕君昌; 1965 – 9 October 2018) was a Chinese palaeontologist and professor at the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. An expert on Mesozoic reptiles, he described and named dozens of dinosaur and pterosaur taxa including Tongtianlong, Qianzhousaurus, Heyuannia, Gannansaurus, Yunnanosaurus youngi, and Darwinopterus.

## Biography

Lü was born in 1965. He graduated from Lanzhou University in 1989 with a bachelor's degree in geology. He studied at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 1997 to 2000 and earned his master's degree. He subsequently went to the United States to study at the Department of Earth Sciences at the Southern Methodist University, earning his Ph.D. in 2004.
Lü began working for the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in July 2004, initially as a postdoctoral researcher, then as associate professor and eventually as professor and doctoral advisor.
An expert on Mesozoic reptiles such as dinosaurs and pterosaurs, Lü conducted field research and excavation in more than ten Chinese provinces including Liaoning, Henan, and Xinjiang, as well as foreign countries such as Canada, the United States, Britain, Mongolia, South Korea, and Japan. He participated in many international cooperation projects including the Sino-Canadian Dinosaur Project of 1999, Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Survey in 1992–1993, the Sino-Japanese-Mongolian Gobi Desert Dinosaur Survey (1995–1998), and the South Korea–Mongolia Plateau Dinosaur Survey (2006, 2008, and 2010).
Lü suffered from diabetes. On 9 October 2018, he died suddenly in Beijing, at the age of 53. A pterosaur genus Luchibang was named after him.

## Major discoveries

In 2002, Lü Junchang identified and named a genus of oviraptorid dinosaur, Heyuannia. For his contributions to dinosaur research in Heyuan, Guangdong, he was named the honorary director of Heyuan Museum and an honorary citizen of Heyuan.
In 2007, he described a second species of Yunnanosaurus, and named it Yunnanosaurus youngi, after Yang Zhongjian (C. C. Young), the discoverer of the genus.
In 2009, Lü, and his colleagues first described the new pterosaur genus Darwinopterus, and identified a nearly complete fossil of a pregnant Darwinopterus with an egg, which they named "Mrs. T".
In 2014, Lü Junchang, Stephen L. Brusatte and colleagues discovered Qianzhousaurus, a new genus of tyrannosaur with long snouts, which they nicknamed "Pinocchio rex".
In 2015, Lü and Brusatte described a new genus of dromaeosaurid, Zhenyuanlong.
In 2016, Lü and his team described and named the new dinosaur genus Tongtianlong in Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China, in the Nanxiong Formation.
# Tory Party (disambiguation)

The Tory Party was a British and Irish political party between 1678 and 1834.
Tory Party may also refer to

## United Kingdom
### National

* The Conservative Party (UK), the modern British political party colloquially referred to as the Tory Party.

### Regional

* Ulster Unionist Party
* Unionist Party (Scotland)
* Gibraltar Social Democrats

## Canada
### Federal

* Conservative Party of Canada (2003 onwards)

### Regional

* United Conservative Party of Alberta
* British Columbia Conservative Party
* Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
* Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick
* Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador
* Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia
* Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario and predecessors:
* Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island
* Coalition Avenir Québec
* Saskatchewan Party
* Yukon Party and predecessors:
** Yukon Progressive Conservative Party (1978–1991)
* Splits
** Progressive Canadian Party
** Conservative Party of Quebec

### Historical
#### Federal

* Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)
* Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (1942 and 2003)

#### Alberta

* Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta (1905–2017)

#### Lower Canada

* Château Clique

#### Quebec

* Progressive Conservative Party of Quebec (1985–1989)
* Conservative Party of Quebec (1867–1935)
* Parti bleu (1854–1867)

#### Saskatchewan

* Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan

#### Upper Canada

* Family Compact (1820–1848)
* Upper Canada Tories (1820–1853)

## United States

* Loyalist (American Revolution)
* Southern Unionist, during the American Civil War, so called by their opponents
* The Tory Party, of the Yale Political Union

## Australian

* Australian Liberal Party

## New Zealand

* New Zealand National Party

## Ireland

* Irish Unionist Alliance and predecessor:
** Irish Conservative Party
# Fabyan Trestle Bridge

The Battle River Railway Trestle, commonly known as the Fabyan Trestle Bridge, was built between 1907 and December 10, 1908 west of Fabyan, Alberta, Canada at the price of $600,000. The bridge location is at approximately mile 149 of Canadian National Railway's (CN) Wainwright subdivision.

## Overview

The steel trestle was designed by the Grand Trunk Pacific (GTP) railway as part of the company's westward construction to Edmonton. With the Battle River valley meandering west to east, a bridge had to be built in order to continue the westward trek, with its current location the most viable.
Upon completion, it was the largest railway structure in Canada until the Lethbridge Viaduct was completed in August 1909.

## History

In 1907, the concrete footings of the bridge were poured. With the help of local farmers and other contractors, supplies were hauled in by wagons from Hardisty until construction began on the eastern side of the valley where supplies could be delivered by rail.
After its completion, the first train to cross over was the one being used to build it, while the first transportation train to cross was in January 1909.
When GTP was nationalized in 1923, the bridge became part of the main line of the CN.

## Specifications

* Length: 846 metres (2,775 ft)
* Height: 59 metres (195 ft)

## Notable incidents
### Construction deaths

During construction, three men died when their scow became swamped mid-stream. A cairn was later placed in their memory by their fellow workers.

### 2012 derailment

On 21 January 2012, at 16:17 MT, 31 of a 137-car CN train going from Winnipeg to Edmonton derailed approximately halfway across the bridge. Of the 31 cars, 17 of them carrying wheat and barley fell to the valley below. CN originally reported that all the cars were grain cars; however, requests made by a local government official revealed that dangerous goods were also being hauled, but they did not derail.

### 2017 derailment

On 17 October 2017, at 17:40 MT, a westbound CN train consisting of 13 cars and one engine derailed when it approached the west end of the trestle. The 13 cars fell to the valley below, with the locomotive staying on the bridge, but not on the tracks. The fallen cars supported intermodal containers (also known as shipping containers or Sea-Cans), all of which were damaged in the fall.
CN said that at the time of the derailment, the winds were in excess of 100 km/h.
As of 22 July 2022, no information can be found about this incident in the webpages of the Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB), or in the webpages of CN. However, the incident is referenced in the TSB investigation report R18W0133 as a similar incident involving hopper cars or empty double-stack containers derailing due to extremely high wind gusts.
# 1367

Year 1367 (MCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### January–December

* January 18 – Ferdinand I becomes King of Portugal after the death of his father, Peter I.
* April 3 – Battle of Nájera: Pedro of Castile is restored as King of Castile (in modern-day Spain) after defeating his half-brother, Henry II. Pedro is aided in the battle by the English under Edward, the Black Prince, and Henry by the French.
* April 24 – Otto I, "the Evil", becomes Duke of the independent city of Göttingen (in modern-day Germany) on the death of his father, Ernst I.
* October 1 – Red Turban Rebellions: Zhu Yuanzhang takes Suzhou from Zhang Shicheng, who unsuccessfully attempts suicide before being captured and taken to Nanjing, where he dies.
* October 16 – Pope Urban V makes the first attempt to move the Papacy back to Rome from Avignon. This move is reversed in 1370, when he is forced to return to Avignon, and shortly afterwards dies.
* December 28 – Red Turban Rebellions: Hu Mei captures Shaowu, while Xu Da and Chang Yuchun capture Jinan, bringing both under Zhu Yuanzhang's control.

### Date unknown

* Winter – Construction of a stone Moscow Kremlin Wall around the city is begun to resist invasion by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
* Petru I succeeds his grandfather Bogdan I as voivode (ruler) of Moldavia.
* The first university in Pécs, Hungary, is founded by King Louis I.

## Births

* January 6 – King Richard II of England (d. 1400)
* March 22 or 1368 – Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, English politician (d. 1399)
* June 13 – King Taejong of Joseon, Korean king (d. 1422)
* date unknown – Michael de la Pole, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, English politician (d. 1415)
* probable – Mary of Enghien, queen consort of Naples (d. 1446)

## Deaths

* January – Han Lin'er, Chinese rebel leader, emperor of Han Song (b. 1339)
* January 9 – Giulia della Rena, Italian saint (b. 1319)
* January 18 – King Peter I of Portugal (b. 1320)
* April 13 – John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot (b. 1313)
* August 23 – Gil Álvarez Carrillo de Albornoz, Spanish cardinal (b. 1310)
* September 25 – Jakushitsu Genkō, Japanese poet (b. 1290)
* December 28 – Ashikaga Yoshiakira, Japanese shōgun (b. 1330)
* date unknown
** Bogdan I of Moldavia
** Zhang Shicheng, Chinese rebel leader, King of Wu (b. 1321)
# Bang Phlat MRT station

Bang Phlat station (Thai: สถานีบางพลัด, pronounced), is an elevated railway station on MRT Blue Line in Bangkok, in Thailand. The station opened on 4 December 2019. The station is one of the nine stations of phase 3 of MRT Blue Line.
As of 2021, it was the least used station on the MRT Blue Line.
# Manuel de Aspiroz

Manuel de Azpiroz (c. 1836–April 24, 1905) was a Mexican statesman and diplomat.

## Life

He was born in Puebla, Puebla, and was educated at the University of Mexico (now UNAM), where he took his degree in 1855. He took part in the overthrowing of the emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, and in 1867, on the establishment of the republic, was appointed assistant secretary of state for foreign affairs (1868-1872). In 1873 he became Mexican consul at San Francisco, where he remained till his election to the Senate (1875). He was professor of jurisprudence at the college of Puebla from 1883 to 1890, when he was again appointed assistant Secretary of Foreign Affairs. From 1899 until he died in 1905 he served as Mexican ambassador to the United States; he was present at the Pan-American Exposition in 1901, when William McKinley was fatally shot.
He participated in the war council that condemned and executed Emperor Maximilian, Miguel Miramón and Tomás Mejía, after capture by the Liberals, in 1867. He also served as Mexican consul in San Francisco and was the first Mexican ambassador in the United States. His remains were interred on April 24, 1905 at the Rotunda of Illustrious Persons.
Among his writings may be mentioned; Código de extranjería de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (1876), and La liberdad civil como base del derecho internacional privado (1896).
# Sandhya Purecha

Sandhya Purecha (b. 29 December 1965) is a senior Bharatanatyam exponent, Author and renowned practitioner of Indian classical dance. She is the first person to bring on stage the performance in Bharatnatyam style of the entire Abhinaya Darpan dance treatise as defined by Nandikeshwara in Abhinaya Darpan and as choreographed by her Guru Parvati Kumar. Purecha has researched on Kalasa Karana and published it in 2010.
She was bestowed with Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for 2017 for Overall Contribution to Performing Arts.
Purecha is the Chairman of Sangeet Natak Akademi and Chairperson of W20 Engagement Group of G20 India 2023.
Sandhya Purecha is the member of Board of Trustees of Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts.
She represents Government Teachers’ Training Programme at Natyashala on “Rasa” theory since 1994. She was member of prestigious indian padam awards committee 2023.

## Education

Purecha has a PHD (doctorate) in Natya Shastra. Her topic was Natyashastra Theory and Practice of Angikabhinaya in Bharatanatyam.

## Books

* Translation of Bharata's Natyashastra (languages: Marathi and Gujarati)
* Translation of Chapter 7 – Nrityadhyaya of Chatura Damodara's Sangita Darpanam, Acharya Parvati Kumar
* Kalasa Karana 2010

## Awards

* Maharashtra State Cultural Award by the Govt. Of Maharashtra.
* Sangeet Natak Akademi Award

## Performances

* Mudra Dance Festival 2023
* Sanskriti Mahotsav 2017
* Elephanta Festival 2012 Organised by the Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation (MTDC)
# Lynn Bjorklund

Lynn Bjorklund is an American retired long-distance runner originally from Los Alamos, New Mexico. In 1975, she set the U.S. high school record in the 3000 meter run, a record which stood until 2013. In 1981, she also set the female course record for the Pikes Peak Marathon. As of 2010 she was employed as a park ranger.
Bjorklund rapidly gained national prominence after she won the girls' division of the National Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) Cross Country Championships in Albuquerque, New Mexico. She won consecutive titles at the USA Cross Country Championships in 1974 and 1975. She came in seventh place at the World Cross Country Championships in 1976.
On October 8, 1997, Bjorklund was camping with her brother in the Pecos Wilderness near Santa Fe, New Mexico when the two witnessed a plane crash. The pilot and his passenger were burned and injured. In a rescue attempt, Bjorklund covered 18 miles (29 km) of rugged terrain on foot in less than three hours. She guided two helicopters to the crash site, and the two men were airlifted to safety.
# A. K. Patel

Amritlal Kalidas Patel (born 1 July 1931) is an Indian politician and physician. He is a former union minister of state in Government of India. He served as Minister of State for Chemicals and Fertilisers in Atal Bihari Vajpayee's government from 1998 to 1999. He was a senior leader of Gujarat Bharatiya Janata Party. He represented Mehsana constituency in the Lok Sabha from 1984 to 1999.

## Early life

A. K. Patel was born on 1 July 1931 in Vadu (now in Mehsana district, Gujarat, India). His social roots and family belong to Betalis Kadva Patel Samaj, Kalol, Gandhinagar district of Gujarat.
He completed MBBS from B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad. He practiced medicine in Vijapur for many years.

## Political career

A doctor by profession, Patel entered politics and served as a member of Gujarat Assembly from 1975 to 1984.

### Member of Gujarat Legislative Assembly

He was elected as a MLA (Dhara Sabhya) from Vijapur seat from 1975 to 1984 in the Gujarat Legislative Assembly (Gujarat Vidhan Sabha) for two terms. He was elected as an independent in 1975. He joined BJP when it was founded in 1980.

### Member of Parliament

Patel was elected as a Member of Parliament from Mehsana five times. He was elected to the 8th Lok Sabha in 1984, the 9th 1989, 10th in 1991, 11th in 1996 and 12th in 1998. He was also elected to the Rajya Sabha for Gujarat from 3 April 2000 to 2 April 2006.
He was one of the two earliest BJP MPs in Lok Sabha.

### Political offices

Patel served as Minister of State for Chemicals and Fertilisers, Government of India in 1998.

## Social and educational work

Patel provided leadership to various organizations surrounding Vijapur District- Mehsana. He was one of pioneers to start Pilvai College under management of Uttar-Purva Gujarat Uchcha Kelvani Mandal (society promoting education in local area) in 1960 along with Ramchandra Amin, Chagan Bha Patel, Gangaram Raval and Motibhai Chaudhary.
He served as Managing Trustee of S.R.S.T. General Hospital, Vijapur; Asha Education Trust; Girls College, Vijapur; and Trustee, St. Joseph Public School, Vijapur.