OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Betty Paraskevas

Rita E. "Betty" Paraskevas (April 8, 1929 – April 7, 2010) was a New York-based writer and lyricist best known for her work on Maggie and the Ferocious Beast, but adapted into a animated television series and produced by the Canadian studio Nelvana.

## Early life, career and death

Born in Linden, New Jersey, Paraskevas attended the Douglass Residential College and majored in chemistry. Prior to becoming a children's author, Paraskevas worked for many years as a playwright and lyricist on Broadway, working with producer Harry Rigby on shows such as Sugar Babies and No, No, Nanette. She married Paul Paraskevas in 1956 with whom she had twins Judith and Michael. The couple relocated to Roselle Park, New Jersey where they raised the children. Paul died in 2001.
Betty Paraskevas moved to Southampton in the mid-1980s. Her collaborations with Michael began in the early 1990s when Michael – already a successful illustrator – encouraged her to write a story which he could then illustrate. They produced On the Edge of the Sea, which was published by Dial Books in 1992. Their second book, which she once again penned, was Junior Kroll. Published in 1993, it led to their first series. Since then the pair produced over 20 books, three of which were turned into television series and aired on networks such as Nickelodeon.
Betty Paraskevas died on April 7, 2010, from complications due to pancreatic cancer; in Southampton, New York, one day before her 81st birthday.
# Albury (disambiguation)

Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia.
Albury may also refer to:

## Places

* Electoral district of Albury, an electoral district in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
* Albury, Hertfordshire, England
* Albury, Ontario, Canada
* Albury, Oxfordshire, England
* Albury, Surrey, England
** Albury Park, Surrey, England
* Albury, New Zealand
* Albury End, Hertfordshire, England
* Albury Heath, Surrey, England
* Albury railway station, in New South Wales, Australia
* Albury Street, in Deptford, London

## Other uses

* Albury (surname)
* HMS Albury
* Albury, British sailing ship
* Albury line, Australian rail service
# Pencil test (breasts)

The pencil test is an informal test of breast development and the need to wear a bra. It was published in a 1971 advice column by Ann Landers mostly containing reader responses, pro and anti-bra, to her recent column "berating the braless female who shamelessly bounced and flopped and went shopping ... [which for Landers] created a deluge of mail". One Chicago correspondent chimed in:
   The question "to bra or not to bra" can be easily answered if the undecided woman will apply this test to herself. Take an ordinary woodcase pencil. Put it under one breast. If the pencil stays there you should wear a bra. If it falls, you can go braless.
The implication is that breasts that are not pendulous enough to trap a pencil are self-supporting and do not need the added support of a bra.

## Social implications

Some girls see the ability of their breast holding a pencil (or even a box of cereal) as a sign that they are finally a grown-up woman.
No evidence has been offered as to its validity, but some people consider it a method to determine whether a young girl should begin wearing a bra. The theory is that if the girl places a pencil under her breast and it stays in place, then wearing a bra is recommended; if it falls to the ground, a bra is not yet needed. Other factors when choosing whether to wear a bra include physical support of very large breasts, pain when exercising, and general comfort.

## Breast sagging

Some women use the pencil test to determine if their breasts are sagging. However, some degree of ptosis is normal and natural. Sagging is partly determined by inherited traits like skin elasticity and breast density, which affects the ratio of lightweight fat to heavier mammary glands. Some sagging is due to the aging of the glandular tissues that produce breast firmness. The public and the medical community define sagging differently. Plastic surgeons categorize the severity of ptosis by evaluating the position of the nipple relative to the inframammary fold. They don't consider a woman's breasts to be sagging unless the nipple is positioned below the inframammary fold. In the most advanced stage, the nipples are below the fold and point towards the ground.
Wearing a bra does not prevent breasts from sagging. Many women, in the mistaken belief that breasts cannot anatomically support themselves, think that wearing a bra will prevent their breasts from sagging later in life. Researchers, bra manufacturers, and health professionals cannot find any evidence to support the idea that wearing a bra for any amount of time slows breast ptosis. Bra manufacturers are careful to claim that bras only affect the shape of breasts while they are being worn.

## In popular culture

In 1975, the student senate of the University of Texas at Austin passed a dress code that among other things made it mandatory for women to wear a bra if they could not pass the pencil test. The decision was filibustered by a female senate member, and she was physically removed from the room before the vote passed 11-9.
# Healey, North Yorkshire

Healey is a small village and civil parish in the Harrogate district of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated in the valley of the River Burn, to the immediate west of Fearby. It is about three miles west of Masham in the Nidderdale Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. There are several holiday cottages and four Grade II Listed buildings, one of which is Healey Mill, a former corn mill.
The civil parish includes Leighton Reservoir, the hamlet of Leighton, the hamlet of Gollinglith Foot in the lower part of Colsterdale and a large area of Masham Moor, a grouse moor, rising to the summit of Great Haw, 6.5 miles (10.5 km) from the village at the western extremity of the parish. The population of the parish was estimated at 100 in 2013.

## History

Healey was historically a township in the large ancient parish of Masham in the wapentake of Hang East in the North Riding of Yorkshire. Healey became a separate ecclesiastical parish in 1849. The civil parish of Healey with Sutton was formed in 1866. Sutton consists of a few farms (High Sutton, Low Sutton, Sutton Penn and Sutton Grange) 2 miles (3 km) north-east of Healey, and was transferred to the parish of Ellington High and Low in 1886. In 1934 3,213 acres (1,300 ha) of the uninhabited Masham Moor (which had been common to the parishes of Masham and East Witton) were added to the civil parish, which was then renamed Healey.

## Governance

Until 1974 Healey was part of Masham Rural District (before 1934 Masham Urban District) in the North Riding of Yorkshire. It is now part of the Borough of Harrogate in North Yorkshire.
The parish now shares a grouped parish council, known as Fearby, Healey and District Parish Council, with Colsterdale, Fearby, Ellingstring and Ilton cum Pott.

## Church

St Paul's Church, Healey, is a Grade II* Listed building completed in 1848. It was designed in the decorative style by the Victorian architect Edward Buckton Lamb and has a central tower with a spire. The stained glass east window was donated by Sir Robert Frankland-Russell. The north window was commissioned by Lamb and bears his initials. The west window may also be to his design.

## School

Kell Bank Church of England Primary School, midway between Healey and the neighbouring village of Fearby, serves both villages. It was founded in 1822 by William Heslington and William Danby. In 1890 it had an attendance of 60, but by February 2021 the school roll had fallen to only 6 pupils and plans were announced to close it.
# Jim Bunch

Jim Bunch (born March 10, 1956) is a former American football player and businessman. He played offensive tackle for the University of Alabama Crimson Tide from 1976 through 1979 and was a member of the 1978 and 1979 national championship teams and a consensus selection to the 1979 College Football All-America Team. After his collegiate career, Bunch played one season as a semi-professional with the West Virginia Rockets. After his playing career ended, Bunch entered the hospitality business. Bunch served as an innkeeper at Winston Place, a bed and breakfast listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Valley Head, Alabama until July 2022.

## Early life

As a native of Mechanicsville, Virginia, Bunch played offensive guard for Lee Davis High School football team as a youth. From there, Bunch then enrolled at Fork Union Military Academy where he was recruited initially by Virginia Tech and NC State. Alabama later offered him an opportunity to play with the Crimson Tide only after Alabama assistant coach Ken Donahue noticed Bunch on film that he was viewing for a defensive back that he was recruiting at that time.

## Playing career

Bunch entered the Alabama starting lineup in the third game of the 1976 season against Vanderbilt. He was the only freshman to start during the season and was recognized as First Team Freshman All-SEC for his efforts. Bunch remained as a fixture in the Crimson Tide offensive line over the next three seasons alongside Buddy Aydelette, Vince Boothe, Mike Brock and Dwight Stephenson and helped lead Alabama to an overall record of 43 wins and 5 losses (43–5) during his career at the Capstone.
In recognition for his play during his sophomore and junior years, Bunch was a First Team All-SEC selection. After his senior year, Bunch was named First Team All-SEC and as a consensus selection to the 1979 College Football All-America Team and was awarded the Douglas MacArthur Trophy in early 1980 in recognition for his achievements as a Virginia athlete outside the commonwealth. In recognition of his accomplishments as a student athlete, the Virginia state legislature passed a resolution that declared February 2, 1980, as "Jim Bunch Day."
Although he was a consensus selection to the All-America Team, Bunch went undrafted and was not signed as an undrafted free agent after the 1980 NFL draft. He was left unsigned due to NFL teams believing he was too short to be competitive as an offensive lineman as a professional. As such, Bunch then played a single season as a semi-professional with the West Virginia Rockets.

## Later life

After the completion of his playing career, Bunch returned to Alabama where he served as a graduate assistant on Bear Bryant's staff for the 1980 season. After he completed his graduate degree, Bunch then worked for Quincy's Family Steakhouses for 25 years until his retirement in 2005. Bunch was an innkeeper at the Winston Place, a bed and breakfast in Valley Head, Alabama along with his wife Leslie until July 2022 when the property was sold.
# Idios kosmos

Idios kosmos (from Ancient Greek:ἴδιος κόσμος) is people's "own world" or "private world" as distinguished from the "common world" (koinos kosmos). The origin of the term is attributed to fragment B89 (Diels–Kranz numbering) of the pre-Socratic philosopher Heraclitus: "The waking have one common world, but the sleeping turn aside each into a world of his own." The term has various interpretations: idios kosmos is associated with dreaming, imagination, and delusion; koinos kosmos with wakefulness, reason, and consensus reality.
From the 1950s, the term was adopted by phenomenological/existential psychologists, such as Ludwig Binswanger and Rollo May, to refer to the experience of people with delusions or other problems who have trouble seeing beyond a limited private world of their own minds or who confuse this private world with shared reality.
It was an important part of novelist Philip K. Dick's views on schizophrenia, as expressed in his 1964 essay "Schizophrenia & 'The Book of Changes'", where he drew on his familiarity with the existential psychologists, Heraclitus, and the I Ching. The koinos kosmos is mentioned in the Dick novel Lies Inc. where the protagonist mentions that he was "able to maintain contact with the stable objective koinos kosmos so that I never forgot that what I was seeing emanated from my own psyche".
# Jimoh Adewale Babatunde

Jimoh Adewale Babatunde is a Nigerian politician from Apapa, Lagos State, Nigeria.

## Political life

Jimoh Adewale Babatunde served as a member of the House of Representatives, representing the Apapa constituency in Lagos State from 2011 to 2015. In 2023, the Lagos State Governor appointed him to the seven-man committee of the Lagos State Universal Basic Education Board (LASUBEB).
# Nawdm language

Nawdm is a Gur language of Togo and Ghana. There are approximately 190,000 speakers in Togo and 8,000 in Ghana.

## Nawdm in Ghana

Nawdm is spoken in the Greater Accra Region and the Oti Region. It is known by several names including "loso" (or "losu"), and "nawdm" (sometimes spelled "naoudem" or "nawdam"). The first of these terms is improper and ambiguous. It is given by other language groups to refer to the Lamba (those who do not speak Nawdm) and the Nawdba (those who speak Nawdm).

## Nawdm In Togo

It is spoken in the Doufelgou Prefecture which is located in the Kara Region. Region—more precisely in the cantons of Togo Niamtougou, Koka, Baga, Ténéga and Siou. Nawdm is also spoken in the villages of Bogawaré and Kawa-Bas in the canton of Pouda, and in the village of Koré-Nata in the canton of Massédéna, still in the prefecture of Doufelgou. Historically, the latter are the descendants of the village of Banaa, formerly located roughly equidistant from Koka, Ténéga and Siou-Kpadb, on the outskirts of what is now called SORAD (from Société de Refinancement et de Développement (Refinancing and Development Company)), from whence they were driven out by the people of Baga shortly before the arrival of the Germans. The immediate neighbors of the Nawdba in this prefecture are: in the North, the Lamba of Défalé; in the South, the Kabyè of Pya; to the east, the Kabyè of Massédéna and Péssaré; to the west, the Lamba of Agbandé and of Yaka.
According to the most recent classifications of Bendor-Samuel in 1989 and those of Heine and Nurse in 2004, Nawdm belongs to the Yom–Nawdm group of the Oti-Volta subfamily of the central Gur or Voltaic languages, the Gur family itself being a branch of the Niger–Congo languages. These classifications are based on the work of historical and comparative linguistics of Gabriel Manessy who demonstrated that Nawdm was not, as some had initially believed, a dialect of Mooré, but a language which, while certainly being related to Mooré, however, belongs to another linguistic sub-group.
The term Losso is a vague local designation, never employed by linguists, referring to both the Nawdm and Lamba people.

## Orthography

Nawdm alphabet :
| A | B | D | E | Ɛ | F | G | Gw | Gb | H | Ĥ | I | J | K | Kw | Kp | L | M | N | Ny | Ŋ | Ŋm | O | Ɔ | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y |
| a | b | d | e | ɛ | f | g | gw | gb | h | ɦ | i | j | k | kw | kp | l | m | n | ny | ŋ | ŋm | o | ɔ | r | s | t | u | v | w | y |
To distinguish a sequence of two consonants and a consonant represented by two letters, the diaeresis is used on the first letters of the sequence of two consonants, for example: the sequence of consonants (g̈w, g̈b, n̈y, ŋ̈m).
The uppercase letter Ĥ corresponds to the lowercase letter ɦ (the usual correspondence would be Ĥ/ĥ or Ɦ/ɦ). This transcribes the glottal stop.
The high tone is denoted by the acute accent and the low tone is denoted by the grave accent, although in usual writing, the tone is only written in pronouns.
# Saint-Sulpice-de-Cognac

Saint-Sulpice-de-Cognac (French pronunciation:, lit. 'Saint-Sulpice of Cognac') is a former commune in the Charente department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. On 1 January 2024, it was merged into the new commune of Val-de-Cognac.

## Population

Its inhabitants are known as Saint-Sulpiciens and Saint-Sulpiciennes in French.

## Climate

Saint-Sulpice-de-Cognac, as the whole region of Cognac, is located west of the department of Charente and has a marine climate.
# Évangéline, New Brunswick

Évangéline, New Brunswick may refer to:
* Evangéline, New Brunswick (designated place), a local service district in Inkerman Parish, New Brunswick
* Evangeline, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, a community in Greater Moncton, Westmorland County
# Nicolas King

Nicolas Francis King (born 14 April 2004) is a Vanuatuan footballer who plays as a defender for Australian club Valentine FC in the National Premier Leagues Northern NSW and the Vanuatu national team.

## Early life

King was born on 14 April 2004 in Port Vila to Francis and Gloria Julia King. His father is a businessman and former Member of Parliament for the Efate Rural constituency in Vanuatu. His mother is also a Member of Parliament and was a former international footballer and manager for Vanuatu. King attended Central School in Port Vila and played football for Mauriki, eventually breaking into their first team at the age of 16. He was offered a two-week trial by A-League Men club Central Coast Mariners in Gosford, Australia through Brian Kaltak's agent in December 2023.

## Club career

Following his trial with Central Coast Mariners, King was announced in January 2024 to have joined Valentine FC in the National Premier Leagues Northern NSW. He scored on his debut for the club.

## International career

King represented the Vanuatu under-19 in the OFC U-19 Championship and Vanuatu under-23 squads. He was named captain for the under-23s ahead of the 2023 OFC Olympic Qualifying Tournament.
During the 2024 MSG Prime Minister's Cup, King made his debut for the Vanuatu senior team against Solomon Islands on 9 December 2024. He scored his first goal for Vanuatu as they lost the match 4–1.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of match played 15 December 2024.
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Vanuatu | 2024 | 3 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 3 | 1 |
    Scores and results list Vanuatu's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each King goal.
List of international goals scored by Nicolas King :
| No. | Date | Venue | Cap | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition | Ref. |
| 1. | 10 December 2024 | Lawson Tama Stadium, Honiara, Solomon Islands | 1 | Solomon Islands | 1–3 | 1–4 | 2024 MSG Prime Minister's Cup | |
# Louise Showe

Louise C. Showe is an American biomedical researcher who was scientific director of the Genomics Facility and the Bioinformatics Facility at The Wistar Institute in Philadelphia. Her research focused on functional genomics and how they can be used to better understand the immune system and cancer. She retired in 2024.
Showe has said that being able to "globally screen gene expression patterns using genomics and proteomics appears to have injected a new level of enthusiasm for learning what is going on in complex cancers that have been particularly recalcitrant to therapy." Recently, Showe's research led to the creation of a blood test that could be used to test for lung cancer using a 29-gene assay. The company OncoCyte has partnered with Wistar to develop lung cancer diagnostic tests.
# Dzierżysławice

Dzierżysławice, (German: Dirschelwitz, Silesian: Dziyrżysławice) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Głogówek, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the Czech border. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) west of Głogówek, 18 km (11 mi) east of Prudnik, and 38 km (24 mi) south of the regional capital Opole. Historically located in Upper Silesia, in the Prudnik Land.
Historically, it was known in Polish as Dzierżysławice and Dyrślowice.
Since 2009, in addition to the official Polish language, German has also been recognized as an additional secondary language.
# Bille Brown Theatre

The Bille Brown Theatre is a 351-seat theatre at 78 Montague Road, South Brisbane, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The theatre is a corner-stage with raked seating on three sides. It is the main venue for Queensland Theatre.
It was named in 2002, in honour of the late Queensland actor, playwright and director Bille Brown, in recognition of his contribution to the Arts, when the Queensland Theatre Company moved to Queensland Performing Arts Centre (QPAC).
It reopened in October 2018 after a $5.5 million renovation which converted it from the former 228-seat Bille Brown Studio.
# Ako Mitchell

Ako Mitchell is an American actor and filmmaker. Ako directed and co-wrote the short film "I'm in the corner with the bluebells" part of the international shorts competition at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. Ako recently played "Klook" in Klook’s Last Stand at London's Park Theatre where he received an Off West End Awards Best Actor nomination. He also recently played esteemed British actor Lenny Henry's brother in Fences in the West End. Ako has also worked at London's Donmar Warehouse and played opposite Patina Miller in Sister Act at The London Palladium.
Ako's credits also include:
* Pilot in Nick Lloyd Webber's The Little Prince (Savoy Theatre-West End);
* Mitch in Spelling Bee (Donmar Warehouse);
* Mufasa in The Lion King (Lyceum Theatre-West End);
* Coalhouse Walker Jr. in Ragtime (Charing Cross Theatre);
* Eddie in The Wild Party (The Other Palace);
* Preacher in Bonne & Clyde (Arts Theatre);
* The Arbiter in Chess (Theatre Royal, Drury Lane-West End);
* Principal Duvall in Mean Girls (Savoy Theatre-West End)
* Dennis in Lake Placid: The Final Chapter (Film);
* Wood Man in Hilda (British TV Show);
* Charlie in Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (Film).
Ako also Co-produced the documentary film 500 Years Later, a winner at the Pan-African Film Festival, Black Berlin International Cinema and Harlem International Film Festival.
In December 2017 he played "Nicely-Nicely Johnson" in Guys and Dolls at the Royal Exchange, Manchester. The production was directed by Michael Buffong.
On 9 December 2020, he played "Papa Who" in NBC's live production of Dr. Seuss' The Grinch Musical! alongside Matthew Morrison, Denis O'Hare, Booboo Stewart and Amelia Minto, who played The Grinch, Old Max, Young Max and Cindy Lou Who, respectively.
# Salutation (disambiguation)

Salutation may also refer to:
* Angelic Salutation, the 'Hail Mary', Catholic prayer addressing Mary, the mother of Jesus.
* Salutation (ballet), 1936
* Salutations (play), 1966
* Vito & the Salutations, 1960s doo-wop group
* Salutations (album), Conor Oberst 2017
* Salutation, by composer Charles Edmund Rubbra
* The Salutation, Sandwich
* The Salutation, Hammersmith
* Salutation Island (sv), Henri Freycinet Harbour
# Scrap (2022 American film)

Scrap is a 2022 American drama film written and directed by Vivian Kerr and starring Kerr, Anthony Rapp and Lana Parrilla.

## Cast

* Vivian Kerr as Beth
* Anthony Rapp as Ben
* Lana Parrilla as Stacy
* Beth Dover as Esther
* Khleo Thomas as Marcus
* Brad Schmidt as Joshua
* Julianna Layne as Birdy
* Stephanie Drake as Dakota

## Release

The film was released on September 5, 2022.

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 97% of 33 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.6/10. Nell Minow of RogerEbert.com awarded the film three and a half stars out of four. Alan Ng of Film Threat rated the film a 7.5 out of 10. Rachel Labonte of Screen Rant rated the film an 8 out of 10.
Dennis Harvey of Variety gave the film a positive review and wrote, "The well-acted, confidently crafted indie Scrap probes messy family dynamics with low-key but taut acuity, avoiding the usual poles of dysfunctional-clan comedy or high drama driven by yelling matches and shocking revelations."