OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1980–81 Eerste Divisie

The Dutch Eerste Divisie in the 1980–81 season was contested by 19 teams. HFC Haarlem won the championship.

## New entrants

Relegated from the 1979–80 Eredivisie
* HFC Haarlem
* Vitesse Arnhem

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or qualification |
| 1 | HFC Haarlem | 36 | 24 | 6 | 6 | 78 | 25 | +53 | 54 | Promoted to Eredivisie. |
| 2 | sc Heerenveen | 36 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 68 | 41 | +27 | 46 | Qualified for Promotion play-off as Period champions. |
| 3 | FC Volendam | 36 | 17 | 12 | 7 | 68 | 49 | +19 | 46 | |
| 4 | Fortuna Sittard | 36 | 18 | 7 | 11 | 65 | 50 | +15 | 43 | |
| 5 | DS '79 | 36 | 17 | 8 | 11 | 64 | 49 | +15 | 42 | Qualified for Promotion play-off as Period champions. |
| 6 | FC Den Bosch | 36 | 17 | 8 | 11 | 46 | 41 | +5 | 42 | Qualified for Promotion play-off as Period champions. |
| 7 | De Graafschap | 36 | 15 | 11 | 10 | 55 | 43 | +12 | 41 | Qualified for Promotion play-off as Period champions. |
| 8 | Vitesse Arnhem | 36 | 14 | 10 | 12 | 55 | 58 | −3 | 38 | |
| 9 | SC Cambuur | 36 | 13 | 10 | 13 | 46 | 38 | +8 | 36 | |
| 10 | FC Eindhoven | 36 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 47 | 44 | +3 | 36 | |
| 11 | Telstar | 36 | 12 | 11 | 13 | 43 | 56 | −13 | 35 | |
| 12 | Helmond Sport | 36 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 45 | 45 | 0 | 34 | |
| 13 | VVV-Venlo | 36 | 14 | 5 | 17 | 68 | 74 | −6 | 33 | |
| 14 | SVV | 36 | 10 | 13 | 13 | 35 | 47 | −12 | 33 | |
| 15 | SC Veendam | 36 | 11 | 9 | 16 | 53 | 65 | −12 | 31 | |
| 16 | FC Amsterdam | 36 | 9 | 11 | 16 | 45 | 62 | −17 | 29 | |
| 17 | SC Amersfoort | 36 | 7 | 9 | 20 | 30 | 59 | −29 | 23 | |
| 18 | FC Vlaardingen | 36 | 6 | 10 | 20 | 31 | 59 | −28 | 22 | Withdrew owing to bankruptcy. |
| 19 | SC Heracles | 36 | 7 | 6 | 23 | 35 | 72 | −37 | 20 | |

## Promotion competition

In the promotion competition, four period winners (the best teams during each of the four quarters of the regular competition) played for promotion to the eredivisie.
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion |
| 1 | De Graafschap | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 5 | +3 | 8 | Promoted to Eredivisie. |
| 2 | sc Heerenveen | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 7 | +2 | 7 | |
| 3 | FC Den Bosch | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 9 | +1 | 6 | |
| 4 | DS '79 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 15 | −6 | 3 | |
# Heart to Heart (Elvin Jones album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Heart to Heart is an album of jazz standards by drummer Elvin Jones recorded in 1980 and released on the Japanese Denon label.

## Track listing

* "Yesterdays" (Otto Harbach, Jerome Kern) - 5:45
* "If I Were a Bell" (Frank Loesser) - 6:32
* "Moon River" (Henry Mancini, Johnny Mercer) - 7:57
* "Warm Valley" (Duke Ellington) - 12:06
* "Joash" (Richard Davis) - 7:30

## Personnel

* Elvin Jones - drums
* Tommy Flanagan - piano
* Richard Davis - bass
# Ratnaprava Devi

Ratnaprava Devi (11 December 1909 – 27 April 2001) also known as Ratnaprabha Debi, was a politician and writer from Odisha, India. She was a member of Odisha Legislative Assembly from 1957 to 1961.

## Biography

She was the wife of King Shankar Pratap Singh Deo and the princess of the Sareikala Kharsuan Kingdom. She was the mother of Brigadier Kamakhya Prasad Singh Deo, the current king of Dhenkanal. Her family background is deeply rooted in Odisha's royal heritage.
As a legislator, Ratnaprava Devi played a role in bringing about reforms in Dhenkanal and Odisha. Her autobiography sheds light on the socio-political history spanning her lifetime and experiences. Ratnaprava Devi's impact extended beyond politics; she was deeply devoted to Lord Jagannath and worked tirelessly for the welfare of her people.

## Legacy

The book titled "Autobiography of Queen Ratnaprava Devi" captures her seventy years of memories in Dhenkanal. Originally published in Odia in 1997, it has now been translated into English by Dr. Tapan K. Panda and Dr. Julie Mishra.
# George Scovell

General Sir George Scovell, GCB (21 March 1774 – 17 January 1861) was a member of the quartermaster's staff of the British Army in Iberia during the Peninsular War.

## Military career

Scovell's parents were George Scovell of Cirencester and the daughter of John Fielding. He was commissioned as cornet and adjutant in the 4th Queen's Own Dragoons in 1798.
He served as Deputy Assistant Quarter Master General at the 1809 Battle of Corunna. For his service in the Peninsular War, he received the gold cross with one clasp and the silver war medal with eight claps.
Scovell is most remembered for the crucial role he played in breaking the codes of the French forces during that war, their Grand Chiffre. A gifted linguist, he was put in charge of a motley crew of various nationalities recruited for their local knowledge and language skills and called the Army Guides. They developed a system for intercepting and deciphering French communiqués.
In the spring of 1811, the French began using a code based on a combination of 150 numbers known as the Army of Portugal Code. Scovell cracked the code within two days. At the end of 1811, a new code called the Great Paris Code was sent to all French army officers. It was based on 1400 numbers and derived from a mid-eighteenth century diplomatic code (Grand Chiffre) which added meaningless figures to the end of letters. By December 1812, when a letter from Joseph Bonaparte to Napoleon was intercepted, Scovell could decipher enough of it to read Joseph's explicit account of French operations and plans. The information gained proved vital to Wellington's victory over the French at Vitoria on 21 June 1813.
In 1813 Scovell was given the task of raising, then commanding, the Staff Corps of Cavalry, also known as the Staff Dragoons or the Corps of Gendarmerie. This formation, of four troops equipped as light dragoons (though in red uniforms), was the first formal unit of military police in the British army. The Staff Dragoons, in addition to their policing role, undertook escort and other staff-related duties and were also employed as combat cavalry on occasion.
For his service at Waterloo, he was awarded the 4th class of the Order of St Vladimir.
Scovell was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) on 2 January 1815 and a Knight Grand Cross (GCB) on 18 May 1860. In later life, Scovell became Lieutenant-Governor (1829–1837) and then Governor (1837–1856) of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.
Scovell retired from the British Army as a general.
He died at Henley Park, Guildford and was buried in the cemetery of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst (now the RMAS).

## Family life

Scovell married the daughter of Samuel Clowes of Broughton, Lancashire in 1805.

## Legacy

The Memorials to Governors in the Chapel of the present-day Royal Military Academy Sandhurst includes: In Memory of General Sir George Scovell, G.C.B., Colonel of the 4th Light Dragoons. Born 21st March 1774. Died 17th January 1861. He was on the Staff of the Duke of Wellington throughout the Peninsular War, and at Waterloo, and was Governor of this College from 1837 to 1856.
# Clear Creek Wildlife Management Area

Clear Creek Wildlife Management Area is a 52,559-acre (21,270 ha) tract of protected area located in Vernon Parish, Louisiana. The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF) leases the land from Hancock Timber.

## History

The land formally belonged to Forest Capital Partners, LLC, and was purchased, by Molpus Woodlands Group and The Hancock Timber Resource Group (Hancock Timber) in a 1.88 million acre land deal.

## Location

The property is bordered on the north by LA 8 (west of Anacoco Lake) and LA 111, that runs from Burr Ferry, through Evans towards Merryville, forms the western border, with the WMA crossing the highway in three areas in the southern half. The eastern and southern border is Bayou Anacoco that drains into the Sabine River (Texas–Louisiana). LA 464 runs diagonally northeast to southwest through the WMA.

## Description

The WMA is planted predominantly with company timber land, criss-crossed by several parish roads, oil field roads, and other gravel roads, with a sand pit and logging pond on the property. There is what is now called a cultural lookout tower known locally as the Evans lookout tower, also referred to as the Evans fire tower.

## Like named areas

* Clear Creek Conservation Area in Vernon County, Missouri.
* Clear Creek State Park in Pennsylvania
* Clear Creek (Atlanta)
* Clear Creek State Forest in Pennsylvania
* Clear Creek Trail in Grand Canyon National Park
* Clear Creek (Colorado)
* Clear Creek Campground in Grant Parish, Louisiana.
* Clear Creek Campground, Pollock, Louisiana, in Kisatchie National Forest east of US 165, and northwest of Louisiana National Guard Training Center Pineville and the Esler Field Wildlife Management Area.
# Skënder Rizaj

Skënder Rizaj (Serbian: Скендер Ризај, Skender Rizaj) (14 March 1930 – 28 November 2021) was a Kosovar Albanian scholar and historian.

## Career

Rizaj was born in Peć, Kosovo, Kingdom of Yugoslavia on 14 March 1930. He finished primary and high school in his hometown and completed normal school in 1946-1947. Rizaj earned his BA in History from Skopje University in 1956 and his doctorate from Sarajevo University in 1965. He was one of the founders of the Department of History at the University of Pristina, where he taught from 1965 until he retired in 1987. Additionally, he also worked as a Special Consultant for Turkish State Archives in Istanbul from 1989 to 1990. In 2010, Rizaj was awarded the title of "Educator Emeritus" by the Kosovan government.

## Works

Rizaj undertook extensive research in Turkish Archives in Istanbul, and the British Library in London. During his studies, he mastered Serbian language, Ottoman Turkish, as well as modern Turkish language and English. He has written extensively on Albanian history, with an emphasis on Kosovo. His works include the 1982 book Kosovo during the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries and the university textbook History of the New Era (1453-1789), published in 1985.

## Publications

Rizaj's most notable publications include:
* Mining in Kosovo and surrounding regions from the 15th to 17th Centuries (Doctoral Dissertation), Pristina, 1968
* The Albanian League of Prizren in English Documents, 1878-1881, Pristina, 1978
* Kosovo during the 15th, 16th, and 17th Centuries, Rilindja Publishing, Pristina, 1982
* History of New Era 1453-1789, University of Pristina Textbook, 1985
* The Albanians and the Serbs in Kosovo, Zeri i Rinise Publishing, Pristina, 1991
* Kosova and Albanians, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Pristina, 1992
* Kosova, Albanians and Turks, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Yayinevi Publishing, Istanbul, Turkey, 1993
* English Documents on the Albanian League of Prizren and the start of the Disintegration of the Balkans, 1877-1885, Pristina, 1996
* The Albanian's Historical Right to Self-Determination, Pristina, 2005
* The Falsifications of Serbian Historiography, Pristina, 2006
# List of mosques in Nepal

This is a list of mosques in Nepal.
| Name | Location | Year/century | Remarks |
| Jama Masjid Rahmaniya | Bhairahawa | 1950 | One of the oldest mosques in Nepal |
| Pancha Kashmiri Takiya Masjid | Kathmandu | 15th century | |
| Jama Mosque | Nepalgunj | | |
| Shahbaba Mosque | Nepalgunj | | |
| Namaj Mosque | Nepalgunj | | |
| Gausiya Jyaul Mosque | Nepalgunj | | |
| Ekminari Mosque | Nepalgunj | | |
| Fulbari Mosque | Nepalgunj | | |
| Shreepur Mosque Madrasa barkatul uloom Birgunj 3 | Birgunj | | |
| Al jamiyatul Gossia Jame Masjid | Biratnagar | | |
| Sarouchiya Masjid | Biratnagar | | |
| Parsa Jamah Masjid | Parsa bazar Ward no. 1 | | |
| Barkati Jame Masjid | Bharatpur, Chitwan | 1959 A.D. | Oldest mosque in Bharatpur, Chitwan and also one of the largest in Nepal. |
# Edin

Edin is a male given name.
In the Balkans, Edin is popular among Bosniaks in the former Yugoslav nations. The name is either a modification of the name Eden, which means "delight," or a modification of the name Adin, which is derived from the Arabic word دين (din), meaning faith. This region also has a female equivalent: Edina (for example, Edina Papo).

## Given name

* Edin Ademović (born 1987), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Cornelius Alfsen (1896–1966), Norwegian missionary
* Edin Atić (born 1997), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Bahtić (born 1956), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Bašić (born 1979), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Bavčić (born 1984), Bosnian basketball player
* Edin Cocalić (botn 1987), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Ćurić (born 1962), Bosnian footballer
* Dino Merlin (Edin Dervishalidovic, born 1962), Bosnian singer-songwriter
* Edin Džeko (born 1986), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Ferizović (born 1977), Serbian footballer
* Edin Forto (born 1972), Bosnian politician
* Edin Hamidović (born 1993), Swedish footballer
* Edin Husić (born 1985), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Ibrahimović (born 1998), Austrian volleyball player
* Edin Julardžija (born 2001), Croatian footballer
* Edin Junuzović (born 1986), Croatian footballer
* Edin Karamazov (born 1965), Bosnian musician
* Edin Krupalija (born 1977), Bosnian bobsledder
* Edin Mujčin (born 1970), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Nuredinoski (born 1982), Macedonian footballer
* Edin Osmanović (born 1964), Slovenian footballer and football manager
* Edo Maajka (Edin Osmić, born 1978), Bosnian rapper
* Edin Øy (born 1997), Norwegian footballer
* Edin Pehlić (born 1984), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Pepić (born 1991), German footballer
* Edin Prljača (born 1971), Bosnian footballer and football manager
* Edin Rustemović (born 1993), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Salkić (born 1989), Austrian footballer
* Edin Šaranović (born 1976), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Šehić (born 1995), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Selimović (born 1991), Serbian footballer
* Edin Škorić (born 1975), Serbian volleyball player
* Edin Sprečo (1947–2020), Bosnian footballer
* Edin Terzić (born 1982), German-Croatian[ footballer
* Edin Terzić (alpine skier) (born 1969), Yugoslav alpine skier
* Edin Velez, Puerto Rican video artist, director and professor
* Edin Višća (born 1990), Bosnian footballer

## Surname

* Johan Edin (born 1987), Swedish skier
* Kathryn Edin, American sociologist
* Niklas Edin (born 1985), Swedish curler
* Salah Edin (born 1980), Dutch-Moroccan rapper
# Bloodletting (disambiguation)

Bloodletting is a formerly common medical procedure now generally abandoned.
Bloodletting may also refer to:

## Arts, entertainment and media
### Film and television

* Bloodletting (film), a 1997 American direct-to-video horror film
* "Bloodletting" (The Walking Dead), an episode of the television series The Walking Dead

### Literature

* Bloodletting Press, small publishing house focused on horror fiction
* Bloodletting & Miraculous Cures, short story collection by Vincent Lam

### Music

* Bloodletting (Concrete Blonde album), album by Concrete Blonde
* Bloodletting (Overkill album), album by Overkill
* Bloodletting (Boxer album), an album by the rock band Boxer in 1976
* Bloodlet, American metalcore band

## Other uses

* Bloodletting in Mesoamerica, ritualized self-cutting or piercing of an individual's body that served a number of ideological and cultural functions within ancient Mesoamerican societies
* Bait and bleed, military strategy
* Dhabihah, method to slaughter animals according to Islamic law by bloodletting
* Exsanguination, blood loss, to a degree sufficient to cause death in either animals or humans
* Kashrut (kosher), method to slaughter animals according to Judaic law by bloodletting
# Godfrey Wrentmore

Godfrey 'Bai' Maynard Wrentmore (20 February 1893 – 16 August 1953) was a South African sportsman who played first-class cricket with Western Province and represented his country at rugby union.
Born in Okiep, Namaqualand, Wrentmore appeared in five first-class matches for Western Province during the 1910/11 Currie Cup cricket season. He also played rugby with Western Province and in 1912/13 toured the British Isles, Ireland, and France with the South African national rugby union team. Wrentmore, a centre, failed to break into the Test side but did play in nine tour matches for the Springboks.
# Pigment Orange 13

Pigment Orange 13 is an organic compound and an azo compound. It is a commercial orange pigment. It is also classified as a diarylide pigment, being derived from 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine. It is closely related to Pigment Orange 34, wherein the two phenyl groups are replaced by p-tolyl groups. Its structure has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
Pigment Orange 13 is a popular component of artist's paints and tattoo inks.
# Whitner, Louisville

38°11′16″N 85°41′36″W﻿ / ﻿38.1878°N 85.6934°W﻿ / 38.1878; -85.6934Whitner is a neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky located along Bishop Lane and Pinewood Road.
# Dan's Mountain Wildlife Management Area

Dan's Mountain Wildlife Management Area is a Wildlife Management Area in Allegany County, Maryland. The area covers forested mountainous terrain between altitudes of 900 feet (270 m) to 2,800 feet (850 m) above the North Branch of the Potomac River. Bobcats and black bears are found in the area. Hunting activities are primarily oriented around white-tailed deer and turkeys.
# Rembów, Sieradz County

Rembów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeźnio, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) south-east of Brzeźnio, 16 km (10 mi) south-west of Sieradz, and 67 km (42 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Lilongwe Central Prison

Lilongwe Central Prison is a prison in Malawi in Lilongwe District. It has a rated capacity of approximately 2,500 inmates, although it often holds more due to overcrowding. The prison houses male and female inmates, including those on remand and convicted prisoners.

## Mission

The mission of the prison is to provide a safe, secure, and rehabilitative environment for inmates, staff, and the community, through effective management, efficient resource allocation, and collaboration with stakeholders.
Lilongwe Central Prison intends to become a model correctional facility, providing effective rehabilitation and a safe and secure environment for inmates and staff.

## History

Lilongwe Central Prison was established in 1910 during the British colonial era, with the aim of detaining and rehabilitating offenders from Malawi's central region. The prison addressed the growing need for a secure facility to hold criminals and dissidents. Initially, the prison had a small capacity; it was expanded and renovated over the years.

## Facilities

Lilongwe Central Prison has a range of facilities to support the rehabilitation and well-being of inmates, including:
* Perimeter walls and fencing.
* Cellblocks with separate sections for male and female inmates
* Solitary confinement units for disciplinary cases
* Recreation yards for physical activity and exercise
* Kitchen and dining areas for meal preparation and consumption
* Hospital ward for medical care and treatment
* Chapel for religious services and counseling
* Workshop areas for vocational training and skills development
* Library and education facilities
* Sports facilities, including a soccer field and basketball court

## Inmates

Lilongwe Central Prison has held several notable inmates throughout its history, including:
* Political dissidents and activists during the one-party rule era
* High-profile criminals, including murderers, robbers, and fraudsters
* Gang leaders and members
* Corrupt government officials and businesspeople

## Facilities

Lilongwe Central Prison facilities include:
* The main prison block, which houses most inmates
* The women's wing, which accommodates female inmates
* The remand section, which holds inmates awaiting trial
* The maximum-security section, which holds high-risk inmates
* The hospital ward, which provides medical care and treatment
* The chapel, which offers religious services and counseling
* The workshop areas, which provide vocational training and skills development
* The library and education facilities, which offer educational programs and resources

## Challenges

Lilongwe Central Prison challenges include:
* Overcrowding, which poses security risks and health concerns
* Inadequate resources, including funding, infrastructure, and personnel
* Poor living conditions, including inadequate sanitation and hygiene facilities worsened by overcrowding
* Limited access to education and vocational training programs
* Failed rehabilitation programs resulting in high recidivism rates among released inmates
# Ambroise Abdo

Ambroise Abdo (8 January 1820 - 1876) was a bishop of the Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Jerusalem and Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Zahle and Forzol.

## Life

He was born in Aleppo, Syria. He was appointed in 1860 as Apostolic Vicar of Jerusalem and, on 1 April 1860, ordained bishop by Melkite Patriarch of Antioch, Clement Bahouth. His co-consecrators were Gregory Atta, Archeparch of Homs and Eparch Jacques Heliani, from Damascus. In 1864 he was appointed Patriarchal Vicar to Egypt and Sudan. On 15 November 1866 Abdo was appointed bishop of the Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Zahle and Forzol.
In 1869-1870 Abdo participated in the First Vatican Council in Rome. On 24 December 1875, he was again appointed as Apostolic Vicar of Jerusalem, a position he would hold until his death in 1876.
# Strzelce, Kutno County

Strzelce is a village in Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Strzelce. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north of Kutno and 59 km (37 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
# Hanover Mountain

Hanover Mountain is a mountain located in the Catskill Mountains of New York west of West Shokan. Little Rocky is located south, and Balsam Cap is located northwest of Hanover Mountain.
# Renewable energy credit

A Renewable energy credit (REC) is a certificate corresponding to the environmental attributes of energy produced from renewable sources such as wind or solar. RECs were created as a means to track progress towards and compliance with states' Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS), meant to support a cleaner generation mix.
RECs should not be confused with the tax credits that renewable energy projects are eligible to receive. In the United States, as part of the 2009 economic stimulus package, renewable Energy Rebate Programs are in place. Currently, solar is eligible for a 30% federal tax credit.
Renewable Energy Credit is one of two main outputs or benefits from generation of new power from renewable sources. Renewable power generation creates actual power in the form of electricity, and environmental benefits to society from “green” power production – such as minimizing pollution and slowing the rate finite fuel resources are used. The actual power is sold into the local grid, and the societal benefits are sold in the form of Renewable Energy Credits or “RECs”, sold separately as a commodity into the marketplace. While RECs are not actually a measure of power, each REC represents one megawatt hour (MWh) of renewable-generated energy. For each REC purchased the customer is able to claim the equivalent MWh of energy reduction as an offset to their conventional energy use. Because RECs provide an additional revenue stream to renewable energy projects, they are essentially a subsidy meant to allow clean resources to economically compete with fossil fuel–based resources.
Opponents highlight that by purchasing RECs a customer can claim emissions “reduction” even if they do not actually reduce their end-use at all - or even increase it. Proponents counter that more REC purchases drive increased production of renewable power which can replace conventional production.