OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Economic League (Netherlands)

The Economic League (Dutch: Economische Bond, EB) was a liberal political party in the Netherlands from 1917 to 1921.

## Party History

The EB was founded on 15 December 1917 by Willem Treub, a former Minister of Finance. He was a political independent, although he had been member of the progressive liberal Freethinking Democratic League (VDB) until 1913. He was a very successful minister and popular politician, especially in business and middle class circles. He was known as "Minister Forward". He advocated pragmatic politics implemented by strong independent politicians drawn from business. Treub's personalized campaign was supported by successful businessmen. In the 1918 elections the party won only three seats. After the elections the League joined the newly formed neutral parliamentary party, which united several one and two-person parties, namely the Economic League, the Neutral Party, the Peasants' League, the Middle Class Party and the Alliance to Democratise the Forces. The parliamentary party was led by Treub. In parliament, Treub was unable to retain his popularity, in the 1919 municipal elections, the party lost half its votes and won no seats. In the same year Treub, who realized his party had failed, initiated the formation of a liberal party, which would unite all liberal parties. In 1921, the Economic League merged into the Liberal State Party, together with the Liberal Union, League of Free Liberals, Neutral Party and the Middle Class Party. Treub left politics, and the influence of the League on this new party was rather limited.

## Ideology & Issues

The EB was a pragmatic liberal party which sought to replace ideological, partisan politics with pragmatic solutions for the common man. It had a liberal agenda, advocating a free market, with strong business and a limited, but efficient government. It sought to limit the power of parliament, while strengthening that of the cabinet.

## Leadership & Support

This table show the EB's results in elections to the House of Representatives and Senate, as well as the party's political leadership: the fractievoorzitter, is the chair of the parliamentary party and the lijsttrekker is the party's top candidate in the general election; these posts are normally taken by the party's leader.
| Year | HoR | S | Lijsttrekker | Fractievoorzitter |
| 1918 | 3 | 0 | Willem Treub | Willem Treub |
| 1919 | 3 | 0 | no elections | Willem Treub |
| 1920 | 3 | 0 | no elections | Willem Treub |

## Electorate

The party drew most of its support from voters who were not aligned with any of the major pillars. It drew most of its support from middle-class neighbourhoods in The Hague, Arnhem and the Gooi region, the region around Hilversum.
# UCLA Santa Monica Medical Center

UCLA Santa Monica Medical Center is a Teaching hospital located within the city of Santa Monica, California. The hospital was founded in 1926, and is a member of the UCLA Health. The hospital is also known internationally for operating its Rape Treatment Center and the adjoining Stuart House for sexually abused children.

## History

The hospital was founded in 1926 by Drs. William S. Mortensen and August B. Hromadka. In 1942, the hospital was acquired by the Lutheran Hospital Society of Southern California, who also owned California Hospital Medical Center. In 1988, it joined UniHealth America.
In 1986, the $36 million six-story Merle Norman Pavilion addition was constructed, which held 107 beds and two thirds of them being private rooms. In 1988, LHS merged with HealthWest, the parent company of Northridge Hospital, to form UniHealth.
In 1995, UCLA Medical Center bought Santa Monica Hospital from UniHealth.
In 2007, the 16,000 square foot Nethercutt Emergency Center was opened and contains 22 beds, named after J.B. Nethercutt.
In 2012, the hospital replacement project was finished which started in 2000 the new replacement wings opened. The tower built in 1967 was torn down and made room for a new courtyard. The north wing and central wing make up of the old tower and the only original building existing is the Merle Norman pavilion which is still in use today.

## Orthopedic hospital

The orthopedic practice group at UCLA Santa Monica Medical Center, has been recognized as one of the best orthopedic hospitals in the United States. In 2011, the UCLA Santa Monica Medical Center, opened a new facility next to the existing orthopedic hospital, on 15th Street and Wilshire Blvd.

## Notable births

* Shirley Temple, actress and diplomat
* Shannon Lee, actress and martial artist

## Notable deaths

* Virginius E. Clark, military aviation pioneer
* Jackie Coogan, actor
* Stan Freberg, voice actor, comedian
* Dick Martin, comedian
* Mehli Mehta, violinist, conductor, orchestra founder, father of Zubin and Zarin
* Tom Petty, rock musician, singer-songwriter
* Gene Roddenberry, creator of Star Trek
* Clark Shaughnessy, American football coach and innovator of the T formation
* Tamara Toumanova, prima ballerina
* Michael Turner, comic book artist
* Glen A. Larson, musician, television producer and director
# 72nd Special Forces Battalion

The 72nd Special Forces Battalion is a special forces unit of the Nigerian Army. It is stationed at Makurdi.
Previously it appears to have been the 72 Paratrooper Battalion; it may have been re-designated circa 2010. There are indications that it may be an independent battalion which may report directly to Defence Headquarters.
The 72 Paratrooper Battalion was involved in the events of October 22 to 24, 2001, when several hundred Army soldiers of the Yola Brigade of 3rd Division killed more than two hundred unarmed civilians and destroyed homes, shops, public buildings and other property in more than seven towns and villages in Benue State, in central eastern Nigeria. The 72 Battalion appears to have tried to intercede with the Yola Brigade to avoid further killings, in the midst of the events.
The battalion was reported to have been involved in Operation Lafiya Dole in early 2016, against Boko Haram.

## Commanders

* Colonel Timothy Lagbaja (circa 2015)
* Lieutenant Colonel A.D. Alhassan (?-present)
# Thomas Faed

Thomas Faed RSA (1825–1900) was a Scottish painter who is said to have done for Scottish art what Robert Burns did for Scottish song.

## Life

Faed was born on 8 June 1825 at Barlay Mill in Gatehouse of Fleet, Kirkcudbrightshire, and was the brother of the artists James Faed, John Faed and Susan Faed.
He received his art education in the school of design, Edinburgh and was elected an associate of the Royal Scottish Academy in 1849. He went to London three years later, was elected an associate of the Royal Academy in 1861, and academician in 1864, and retired in 1893. He had much success as a painter of domestic genre, and had considerable executive capacity.
In 1850 he was living at 16 Comely Bank in north Edinburgh with his brother James Faed, an engraver. During his time in Edinburgh he was a member of the Edinburgh Smashers Club alongside William Fettes Douglas.
Three of his pictures, The Silken Gown, Faults on Both Sides, and The Highland Mother are in the Tate Gallery and a further two, Highland Mary and The Reaper hang in the Aberdeen Art Gallery. The Last of the Clan, completed in 1865 and arguably his best known work, is in the Kelvingrove Gallery in Glasgow. He produced several versions of this work, including a smaller version now in The Fleming Collection. Two other celebrated pictures are The Motherless Bairn and Scott and His Literary Friends at Abbotsford.
He died in London on 17 August 1900.
# Latvijas Finieris

Latvijas Finieris is the leading plywood and plywood product manufacturer in Baltic States. The company is active in forest management, logging and the production of synthetic resins and phenol films.

## Production sites

Production sites :
| Country | Product | Production Units |
| Estonia | Plywood | Kohila plywood mill |
| Finland | Plywood | Sastamala veneer mill |
| Latvia | Plywood | Lignums plywood mill Furniers plywood mill Hapaks plywood further processing mill Verems plywood mill Kuldīgas fabrika veneer mill |
| Latvia | Other | Troja further processing and wood products Iekārtu rūpnīca (machinery manufacturing) Chemical products plant |
| Lithuania | Plywood | Likmere veneer mill |

## University patron

Latvijas Finieris is a bronze patron of the University of Latvia Foundation. In 2001, it donated to the installation of a memorial stone to the patron of the University of Latvia Kristaps Morbergs in Bukaiši, in his native house "Lielstrikaiši".
# 1992–93 Eerste Divisie

The Dutch Eerste Divisie in the 1992–93 season was contested by 18 teams, two less than in the previous season. This was due to the departure of VCV Zeeland and FC Wageningen. VVV-Venlo won the championship.
The play-off system was changed again this season, it was made less complex. A second team from the Eredivisie now was offered a chance to avert relegation. Only a group round was held in which six entrants were divided in two groups of three teams. Four entrants were from this league, the two others were the numbers 16 and 17 from the Eredivisie.

## New entrants

Relegated from the 1991–92 Eredivisie
* ADO Den Haag (named FC Den Haag last season)
* De Graafschap
* VVV-Venlo

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or qualification |
| 1 | VVV-Venlo | 34 | 24 | 2 | 8 | 84 | 46 | +38 | 50 | Promotion to Eredivisie |
| 2 | sc Heerenveen | 34 | 19 | 10 | 5 | 85 | 48 | +37 | 48 | Play-offs |
| 3 | NAC Breda | 34 | 19 | 7 | 8 | 73 | 39 | +34 | 45 | Play-offs |
| 4 | NEC | 34 | 17 | 10 | 7 | 62 | 39 | +23 | 44 | Play-offs |
| 5 | De Graafschap | 34 | 17 | 8 | 9 | 58 | 50 | +8 | 42 | Play-offs |
| 6 | FC Zwolle | 34 | 16 | 8 | 10 | 55 | 38 | +17 | 40 | |
| 7 | RBC | 34 | 17 | 5 | 12 | 70 | 56 | +14 | 39 | |
| 8 | ADO Den Haag | 34 | 15 | 8 | 11 | 65 | 61 | +4 | 38 | |
| 9 | TOP Oss | 34 | 13 | 9 | 12 | 49 | 49 | 0 | 35 | |
| 10 | AZ | 34 | 11 | 10 | 13 | 54 | 52 | +2 | 32 | |
| 11 | HFC Haarlem | 34 | 12 | 8 | 14 | 49 | 61 | −12 | 32 | |
| 12 | FC Emmen | 34 | 9 | 9 | 16 | 44 | 66 | −22 | 27 | |
| 13 | Helmond Sport | 34 | 8 | 10 | 16 | 53 | 74 | −21 | 26 | |
| 14 | Excelsior | 34 | 7 | 10 | 17 | 40 | 69 | −29 | 24 | |
| 15 | FC Eindhoven | 34 | 7 | 9 | 18 | 40 | 59 | −19 | 23 | |
| 16 | Veendam | 34 | 6 | 10 | 18 | 32 | 60 | −28 | 22 | |
| 17 | SC Heracles | 34 | 7 | 8 | 19 | 29 | 58 | −29 | 22 | |
| 18 | Telstar | 34 | 8 | 7 | 19 | 51 | 68 | −17 | 21 | |
* ↑ 2 points deducted?

## Promotion/relegation play-offs

There was only one round in the promotion/relegation play-offs this year. Six entrants (four from this league, two from the Eredivisie) entered in two groups. The two group winners were promoted to (or remained in) the Eredivisie.
Group 1 :
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | sc Heerenveen | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 4 | +3 | 6 | Promotion to Eredivisie |
| 2 | Fortuna Sittard | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 4 | +4 | 4 | Relegation from Eredivisie |
| 3 | NEC | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 11 | −7 | 2 | |
Group 2 :
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | NAC Breda | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 1 | +10 | 8 | Promotion to Eredivisie |
| 2 | FC Den Bosch | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 7 | −3 | 2 | Relegation from Eredivisie |
| 3 | De Graafschap | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 12 | −9 | 2 | |
# Kathleen Whitlock

Kathleen Whitlock is a Chilean neuroscientist, researcher and academic. She is professor at University of Valparaíso's Interdisciplinary Center for Neuroscience of Valparaiso. Whitlock was the first Latin American president-elect (2023-2024) of the International Zebrafish Society.

## Education and career

Whitlock earned a B.S. (1985) and an M.S. (1987) from the State University of New York at Albany. She earned her Ph.D. from the University of Washington in 1993. Following postdoctoral work at the University of Oregon, she was an assistant professor at Cornell University from 1998 until 2006. In 2006 she was named a full professor at the University of Valparaíso, Chile.

## Research

Whitlock is known for her research on the development of olfactory systems, which she examines using zebrafish as a model organism. Her work includes investigations into the hormones controlling puberty. Whitlock also helped establish a center in Valparaiso that teaches science in a manner that engages children.

## Selected publications

* Whitlock, Kathleen E.; Westerfield, Monte (1998-11-01). "A Transient Population of Neurons Pioneers the Olfactory Pathway in the Zebrafish". The Journal of Neuroscience. 18 (21): 8919–8927. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-21-08919.1998. ISSN 0270-6474. PMC 6793523. PMID 9786997.
* Whitlock, Kathleen E.; Westerfield, Monte (2000-09-01). "The olfactory placodes of the zebrafish form by convergence of cellular fields at the edge of the neural plate". Development. 127 (17): 3645–3653. doi:10.1242/dev.127.17.3645. ISSN 0950-1991. PMID 10934010.
* Whitlock, K. E; Wolf, C. D; Boyce, M. L (2003-05-01). "Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) cells arise from cranial neural crest and adenohypophyseal regions of the neural plate in the zebrafish, danio rerio". Developmental Biology. 257 (1): 140–152. doi:10.1016/S0012-1606(03)00039-3. ISSN 0012-1606. PMID 12710963.
* Whitlock, Kathleen E. (2005-05-01). "Origin and development of GnRH neurons". Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism. 16 (4): 145–151. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2005.03.005. ISSN 1043-2760. PMID 15860410.
* Whitlock, Kathleen Elizabeth; Universidad de Valparaíso (Chile). Programa Ciencia al Tiro (2014). La alegría de la ciencia (in Spanish). [Chile: Universidad de Valparaíso]. OCLC 1423721333.
# Oliver Cheshire

Oliver Luke Cheshire (born 3 June 1988) is an English fashion designer, model and entrepreneur.

## Career

Cheshire was born in Stevenage, Hertfordshire and grew up in Hitchin. His father was a fireman and Cheshire aspired to be a firefighter or actor.
Cheshire was scouted by Select Model Management at the age of 15. Soon after, he gave up his drama studies for a career as a model and appeared in a campaign for Calvin Klein. Cheshire subsequently modelled for Jack Wills, Dolce & Gabbana, Versace, Orlebar Brown, Stella McCartney, Missoni, Hackett, Abercrombie & Fitch, Hollister Co., Vivienne Westwood, Gap Inc. and Marks and Spencer. Marks and Spencer reported a fifty per cent increase in the sale of men's swimwear while Cheshire was fronting their campaign.
As a writer, Cheshire has reported on Men's Fashion Week for GQ magazine and The Telegraph. In 2015, he was named one of GQ's 50 best dressed British men.
In 2019, Cheshire launched his menswear fashion label Ché, drawing inspiration from his 15 years in the industry. He launched the brand's SS21 collection and campaign in 2022.

## Personal life

Cheshire began a relationship with singer-songwriter Pixie Lott in 2010. The pair were engaged in November 2016. They were married at Ely Cathedral on 6 June 2022, following a delay due to COVID-19. In June 2023, the couple announced that they were expecting their first child. They were spotted with their child in October. The next month, Lott confirmed they had a son, Albert Charles.
# Wiebesia pumilae

Wiebesia pumilae is a fig wasp species in Genus Wiebesia, Family Agaonidae. W. pumilae is the pollinator of Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang (Jelly Fig) and Ficus pumila var. pumila (Creeping Fig). The scientific name was first published as Blastophaga pumilae in 1967 by Hill.
W. pumilae are found in Taiwan, Hong Kong and China. There are 3 pollinators of Ficus pumila: Wiebesia pumilae sp.1, Wiebesia pumilae sp.2, Wiebesia pumilae sp.3.

## Morphology

Male Wiebesia pumilae is 3.1–3.2 mm in length. Its body colour is yellow brown.
Female Wiebesia pumilae is 2.0–2.8 mm in length, with forward ovipositor. Its body colour is dark brown with yellowish tibiae and tarsi.

## Pollination

The relationship of fig and fig wasp is a classic example of obligate mutualism and coevolution. Only pollinating wasps pollinate the figs, while fig wasps only lay their eggs inside the fig ovules.
Jelly fig pollinating W. pumilae are different from Creeping fig pollinating W. pumilae in gene expression. The genetic incompatibility can be caused by altitudinal adaptations, since jelly fig and creeping fig prefer different habitat altitudes.
Creeping fig wasps can enter receptive female Jelly fig syconia and bear seeds, but they cannot enter its male syconia. Jelly fig wasps can enter both receptive female Creeping fig syconia and bear seeds and can oviposit there as well.

## Life Cycle of Wiebesia pumilae
### Pre-receptive stage

Wiebesia pumilae spend most of their time in larvae stage, from three weeks to nine months. Wiebesia pumilae larvae grow in a galled ovule inside fig syconia.

### Receptive stage

During the receptive stage, adult female Wiebesia pumilae are attracted by host-specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs aid adult female wasps to locate host figs. Female wasps enter figs through ostiole.

### Post-receptive stage

Wiebesia pumilae pollinate fig flowers and lay eggs inside their ovules. After oviposition, the larvae feed on gall tissue and mature alongside fig seeds and pollen grains.

### Mature stage

As fertilised female pollinating wasps reach maturity, they leave their original fig and transfer pollen to another tree.
# Kodimunai

Kodimunai is a village located 22 km north-west of Kanyakumari at Southern Arabian seashore in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The nearest major city is Thiruvananthapuram (capital of India state of Kerala) around 68 km from here. There is a rock located offshore which is the second largest rock in Tamil Nadu.

## Geography

Kodimunai is located at 8°10′N 77°14′E﻿ / ﻿8.17°N 77.24°E﻿ / 8.17; 77.24.

## Demographics

As of 2010 Population count, Kottar Diocese census, Kodimunai had a population of 7250(estimated). Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. This consists of around 2,200 families. Kodimunai has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 60%. In Kodimunai, Majority of the population belong to the Roman Catholic Mukkuvar community.

## Local economy

A significant number of the residents of Kodimunai have jobs related to fishing. This includes deep sea fishing, shallow water fishing, fishing from the shore (known as karamadi in the local language), fishing with mechanized boats, exporting fish, etc. Many of them work in a number of other fields like IT, medicine, education, engineering, trading, cargo shipping, etc. However, there is no noticeable local industry except for fishing. even most of the people discovered the passion towards fishing.

## Educational institutions

* St. Michael's primary school
* St. Michael's high school
# Ponmanai

Ponmanai is a panchayat town in Kanniyakumari district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Ponmanai had a population of 13,553. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Ponmanai has an average literacy rate of 76%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 78%, and female literacy is 74%. In Ponmanai, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age. Thimbileshwarar Temple(5th shivalaya),a Hindu Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva is located here, Chaakku swami temple (ponmanai to valiyatumugam road ) (5th to 6th shivalaya route)also located here.
# Mohamed Abdul Salam Mahgoub

Colonel Mohamed Abdul Salam Mahgoub (Arabic: محمد عبد السلام المحجوب, Muḥammad `Abdul-Salām al-Maḥgūb) (1935 – 31 January 2022) was an Egyptian politician. Through 2006 to his death, he was the Minister of Local Development in the Cabinet of Egypt. He was previously Governor of Alexandria Governorate, his term expiring upon his appointment to the Cabinet.
Mahgoub was born in Dakahlia Governorate in 1935. Prior to entering politics, Maghoub had been an officer of the Egyptian Army, having graduated from the Egyptian Military Academy in 1955 with a degree in military science. He was assigned as military attaché in several Egyptian embassies around the world prior to being appointed Vice-Chair of National Security in 1992. He subsequently served as Governor of Ismaïlia prior to being reassigned to Alexandria in 1997.
He was seeking election to the People's Assembly for the District of al-Raml in Alexandria. He sought to replace the retiring Sobhy Saleh Moussa Abu Amer.
Mahgoub died on 31 January 2022, at the age of 86.
# Lau Cheuk Hin

Lau Cheuk Hin (Chinese: 劉卓軒; Jyutping: lau$^4$ coek$^3$ hin$^1$; born 26 April 1992 in Hong Kong) is a former Hong Kong professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Youth career

In January 2011, while playing amateur football for Sham Shui Po, through the Nike The Chance programme, Lau won a place along with 3 other young Chinese footballers in Shanghai, China to fly to the United Kingdom and compete among the 100 players from all over the world, for the 8 available places to train there. In addition to playing for Sham Shui Po, Lau also represented Beacon College's football team, along with 4 other club mates.

## Club career

On 14 January 2012, Lau helped Sham Shui Po to a 1–0 win over Hong Kong Sapling in the 2011–12 Hong Kong League Cup first round match. Hong Kong national team coach Ernie Merrick praised his outstanding performance. At the year-end HKFA Award Ceremony, Lau was named the Best Young Player of 2011–12 season. At that time, he was regarded as one of the most talented youth players in Hong Kong. Lau joined Yokohama FC Hong Kong during the summer of 2012.
On 27 June 2017, Lau signed with Rangers. However, he struggled with fitness issues and eventually left the club in January 2018.

## International career

On 10 June 2012, Lau made his international debut in a friendly match against Vietnam.

## Personal life

On 14 January 2012, after the victory over Hong Kong Sapling, Lau gave his father a T-shirt written with the words Father, Happy Birthday, I love you as his father's 52nd birthday present.

## Career statistics
### International

As of 10 June 2012
| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Result | Scored | Competition |
| 1 | 10 June 2012 | Mong Kok Stadium, Hong Kong | Vietnam | 1–2 | 0 | Friendly |