OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grumblethorpe

Grumblethorpe was the home of the Wister family in the present-day Germantown section of Philadelphia, who lived there for over 160 years. It was built in 1744 as a summer residence, but it became the family's year-round residence in 1793. It is a museum, part of the Colonial Germantown Historic District.

## History
### 18th century

Grumblethorpe was built as a summer residence in 1744 by Philadelphia merchant and wine importer John Wister, when Germantown was a semi-rural area outside the city of Philadelphia. It eventually became the family's year-round residence when they withdrew from the city during the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793.
It has a stone and oak facade and was known as "John Wister's Big House". It has lower-ceilinged rooms than those at Cliveden, Loudoun, and Stenton, other historic houses in the area. The stones for the house were quarried on the property and the joists were hewn from oaks in Wister Woods, also owned by the family. The original section of the Grumblethorpe Tenant House was built as a dependency.
The Wister family lived in the house for over 160 years. Diarist Sally Wister subsequently lived there from 1789 until her death in 1804.
Because it was built on the fertile soil of the region, Grumblethorpe's garden was highly productive. It was primarily a working farm, and it dominated Philadelphia's horticultural trends for nearly two centuries from 1740 to 1910. The land was a prime source of marketable crops and animal husbandry from the 1740s to the 1870s, and it decreased in practical use only when the farmstead grew smaller in the late 19th century.

### American Revolutionary War

In September 1777, the house was the scene of events in the Battle of Germantown. While the Wisters were staying in another home, British General James Agnew occupied the house as his headquarters during the battle. He was wounded and died in the front parlor, where his blood stains can still be seen on the floor.

### 20th century

In the 1960s, the house was restored and refurnished to match the original period, removing an early 19th-century Georgian-style façade, and now serves as a museum. The gardens are also being restored.
Grumblethorpe was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. It is a contributing property of the Colonial Germantown Historic District, which has been designated a National Historic Landmark.
# Channel3Now

Channel3Now (also stylised as Channel3 NOW) was a website based in Pakistan which aggregated crime news while presenting itself as an American-style TV channel. Launched in 2023, the website was shut down in August 2024 after sharing fake news which fuelled riots in the United Kingdom. On August 20, 2024, a person linked to the website was arrested in Pakistan on charges of cyberterrorism; the case was later dropped.

## History

Channel3Now was registered as a website with a domain server located in Ireland on 15 June 2023. According to Voice of America, the earliest archived versions of the Channel3Now site date back to September 2023. An OSINT investigation by the Institute for Strategic Dialogue indicated that an earlier version of the website was hosted at an address in Pakistan.
The website was previously known as Fox3 Now, Fox5 Now and Fox7 Now, leading to a legal dispute with the unrelated Fox Media LLC. In August 2023, an arbitration ruling ordered the website to transfer those domains to Fox Media LLC.
In July 2024, following the attempted assassination of Donald Trump, Channel3Now posted a video on its Rumble account falsely claiming that the perpetrator had been identified as a Chinese man. It also posted baseless claims on X/Twitter about the criminal history of Thomas Matthew Crooks, a white man who was later identified as the suspect and confirmed to have no criminal history.

### Riots, arrest and shutdown

On 29 July 2024, Channel3Now posted a false article claiming that the 17-year-old charged in the Southport stabbing was a Muslim asylum seeker who had arrived in the UK by boat a year earlier. It also claimed he was under surveillance by MI6. The article was widely quoted in viral posts on social media.
On 31 July 2024, the website issued an apology, blaming its "misleading information" on the riots on a now-dismissed team of employees. Its YouTube channel and associated Facebook pages were suspended.
On 14 August 2024, an investigation by ITV News at Ten identified a person from Lahore, Pakistan as working for Channel3Now. The individual denied being responsible for the article, claimed he was merely a freelancer, and said three or four people were fired for publishing the false information. Channel3Now's website was shut down later that day.
On 20 August 2024, the same person was arrested by Pakistani police for spreading false information. The case was dropped six days later after police said they were unable to find evidence that the accused was the originator of the fake news article.

### Speculation on Russian ties

In the aftermath of the riots, British media speculated that Channel3Now might be linked to Russian disinformation efforts, with a former head of MI6 endorsing the theory in an interview with The Telegraph. However, a BBC News investigation on 8 August 2024 found no evidence to back up the claim.
One source of this theory had been the presence of Russian-language content in the history of its YouTube channel. According to Channel3Now, it had purchased a former Russian-language YouTube channel and changed its name, initially posting video content related to Pakistan.
# Qianshanornis

Qianshanornis rapax is an extinct predatory bird from the Middle Paleocene of China. Q. rapax is very similar to the Eocene cariamiform Strigogyps, but it differs in being smaller, and in having a hypertrophied, hyperextensible second toe, forming a claw analogous to that of dromeosaurid dinosaurs. This toe is thought to allowed the bird to better pin down captured prey. Although very little wing-material is known, the condylar processes suggest it was capable of flight, and probably was a flier superior to either Strigogyps or modern seriemas.
Mayr and colleagues only classified Qianshanornis within its monotypic family, Qianshanornithidae, since the type specimen showed little similarity to other cariamiform birds, though they at least considered it unlikely to be a gruiform. Other researchers have also questioned its relationship with cariamiform birds and considered its systematic affinities ambiguous.
# Mount Patterson (California)

Mount Patterson is a mountain peak located in Mono County, California.
The summit is 11,654 feet (3,552 m) in elevation making it the highest mountain in the Sweetwater Mountains.

## Climate

There is no weather station at the summit, but this climate table contains interpolated data for an area around the summit. The peak of Mount Patterson has an Alpine climate (ET).
Climate data for Mount Patterson 38.4189 N, 119.2930 W, Elevation: 11,411 ft (3,478 m) (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 30.5 (−0.8) | 29.2 (−1.6) | 31.6 (−0.2) | 36.0 (2.2) | 44.1 (6.7) | 54.3 (12.4) | 62.9 (17.2) | 62.3 (16.8) | 56.2 (13.4) | 46.7 (8.2) | 36.4 (2.4) | 30.4 (−0.9) | 43.4 (6.3) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 21.4 (−5.9) | 19.4 (−7.0) | 21.4 (−5.9) | 24.6 (−4.1) | 32.0 (0.0) | 41.3 (5.2) | 49.1 (9.5) | 48.4 (9.1) | 42.7 (5.9) | 34.6 (1.4) | 26.7 (−2.9) | 21.4 (−5.9) | 31.9 (0.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 12.2 (−11.0) | 9.6 (−12.4) | 11.3 (−11.5) | 13.2 (−10.4) | 20.0 (−6.7) | 28.2 (−2.1) | 35.3 (1.8) | 34.5 (1.4) | 29.3 (−1.5) | 22.5 (−5.3) | 17.0 (−8.3) | 12.4 (−10.9) | 20.5 (−6.4) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 8.88 (226) | 7.43 (189) | 6.50 (165) | 3.53 (90) | 2.12 (54) | 0.66 (17) | 0.71 (18) | 0.72 (18) | 0.59 (15) | 2.25 (57) | 3.27 (83) | 7.27 (185) | 43.93 (1,117) |
| Source: PRISM Climate Group ||||||||||||||
# The Third Bardo

The Third Bardo was an American psychedelic and garage rock band from New York City, New York. Their name is a reference to the book The Tibetan Book of the Dead.
The group existed for a brief time in the late 1960s. In 1967 they released their only single, "I'm Five Years Ahead of My Time", a song co-written by Rusty Evans (a.k.a. Marcus Uzilevsky), a former folk singer and leader of the psychedelic proto-punk band The Deep, and Vicky Pike, the wife of the record's arranger and producer Teddy Randazzo. "Five Years Ahead of My Time" received some radio exposure until it was pulled for its perceived drug references, and only years later was recognized as a 1960s garage rock classic due to its inclusion in compilations such as the Pebbles garage/psych compilations.
Though short-lived, the band performed in local Manhattan venues, including Arthur's Tavern and Ondine. They also appeared on the Cleveland-based television show Upbeat.
The Third Bardo only had one recording session, which yielded six tracks in all including "Rainbow Life" which was released as the B-side to "I'm Five Years Ahead of My Time". Their Eastern melody and distorted guitar technique made the single distinctive to the rock scene.
The band broke up in 1967, soon after recording, and Jeff Monn began a solo career as Chris Moon. He released an album named The Chris Moon Group in 1970.

## Discography
### 45s

* "I'm Five Years Ahead of My Time" b/w "Rainbow Life" (Roulette 4742) 1967

### Albums

* Lose Your Mind (Sundazed SEP 106) 1993
* The Third Bardo (Sundazed SEP 10-160) 2000

## Song list

* "I'm Five Years Ahead of My Time"
* "Rainbow Life"
* "Lose Your Mind"
* "I Can Understand Your Problem"
* "Dawn of Tomorrow"
# Otera's catalyst

Otera's catalyst, named after Japanese chemist Junzo Otera, is an organostannane compound which has been used as a transesterification catalyst. This isothioscyanate compound is a member of a family of organostannanes reported by Wada and coworkers, and elaborated upon by Otera and coworkers.

## Preparation

This class of compounds may be prepared generally by the reaction of an organotin halide and oxide:
    2 R$_2$SnO + 2 R$_2$SnX$_2$ → (XR$_2$SnOSnR$_2$X)$_2$
In particular, the thiocyanate compound was prepared by the reaction of dibutyltin oxide with dibutyltin diisothiocyanate. Otherwise, this compound is not commercially available.

## Applications

This thiocyanate compound can be used as a transesterification catalyst. Although it is not well known, it has been used in a number of total syntheses.
In this application, the reaction occurs via the displacement of the bridging isothiocyanate ligands with the incoming alcohol to form an alcohol-bridged active catalyst. Tin acts as the Lewis acid, and gives the transesterified product. The reaction must be performed in nonpolar solvents in order to colocate the acid and alcohol at the catalytic center.
# Góreczno

Góreczno (German: Bergvorwerk) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Głogówek, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the Czech border. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Głogówek, 21 km (13 mi) east of Prudnik, and 41 km (25 mi) south of the regional capital Opole. Historically located in Upper Silesia, in the Prudnik Land.
Since 2009, in addition to the official Polish language, German has also been recognized as an additional secondary language, however, there are no German speakers in the village.

## History

The name of this village derived from its location; until 1945 it was called Bergvorwerk, meaning "estate on the mountain". The owners of the estate, amounting to 1000 hectares of arable land, were the von Gaffron-Prittwitz family, descendants of Hussars rewarded by Frederick the Great of Prussia for their loyalty with a large fief. After the death of the last member of the family, Alexander Friedrich von Gaffron-Prittwitz (1845-1923), his widow sold the estate, along with one in nearby Kasimir (Kazimierz). The land was then parceled out into a dozen large farms, including one belonging to Alois Dambon of nearby Roschowitzwald (Roszowicki Las). In the 1930s a waterworks for Oberglogau (Głogówek) was built in the town. There is also a Neolithic archeological site in the town.
After the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II in 1945, the village became again part of Poland, initially under the name Stroków, and then renamed again to Góreczno.
# Smugi, Łódź Voivodeship

Smugi is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Skomlin, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Skomlin, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Wieluń, and 102 km (63 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Brown moray eel

The brown moray eel (Gymnothorax unicolor) is a species of moray eel found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean. It was first named by Delaroche in 1809.

## Distribution

The brown moray eel is found in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean (in the coast of Portugal, in all the archipelagos of Macaronesia and Ascension Island) and on the Mediterranean.
# Mount Pilchuck

Mount Pilchuck (Lushootseed: bəlalgʷəʔ) is a mountain located in Snohomish County, Washington. It is 37 miles (60 km) northeast of Seattle. It is part of the Cascade Range.
Mount Pilchuck is located within Mount Pilchuck State Park, but the area surrounding the mountain, including the trailhead, are within the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. Under agreement, the trail leading to the summit is wholly maintained by the United States Forest Service, even though it is within a state park. This is one of the most popular trails in the region due to easy access, and panoramic views of the Cascade range to the east, and the Puget Sound to the west.
At Mount Pilchuck's summit is an old fire lookout tower, now used as shelter for hikers. This former lookout is jointly maintained by Washington State Parks and the Everett branch of The Mountaineers.
Some years the trail to the summit is still covered with snow until late in the summer.

## Etymology

The name for the mountain comes from Chinook Jargon, a trade language widely used in the area in the 19th century. It is a combination of two words: pʰil, meaning "red," and tsəqw, meaning "water" or "river." The name possibly comes from the fact that many of the rivers that come from the mountain are rich in iron, which can cause the water to look orangish-red.
The Lushootseed word for the mountain means "navel." It has also been recorded as bəlalwəʔ and bəlawəʔ.
# Flèche (architecture)

A flèche (French:; French for 'arrow') is the name given to spires in Gothic architecture. In French, the word is applied to any spire, but in English it has the technical meaning of a spirelet or spike on the rooftop of a building. In particular, the spirelets often were built atop the crossings of major churches in mediaeval French Gothic architecture are called flèches.
On the ridge of the roof on top of the crossing (the intersection of the nave and the transepts) of a church, flèches were typically light, delicate, timber-framed constructions with a metallic sheath of lead or copper. They are often richly decorated with architectural and sculptural embellishments: tracery, crockets, and miniature buttresses serve to adorn the flèche.
Flèches are often very tall: the Gothic Revival spire of Notre-Dame de Paris (1858–2019) by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc was about 100 feet (30 m) before its destruction in the Notre-Dame de Paris fire, while the 16th century flèche of Amiens Cathedral is 148 feet (45 m) high.
The highest flèche in the world was built at the end of the 19th century for Rouen Cathedral, 157 metres (515 ft) high in total.
A short spire or flèche surrounded by a parapet is common on churches in Hertfordshire; as a result, this type of flèche is called a Hertfordshire spike.
# Abrincatui

The Abrincatui were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the south of the Cotentin Peninsula during the Roman period.

## Name

They are mentioned as Abrincatuos by Pliny (1st c. AD), ’Abrinkátouoi (’Aβρινκάτουοι) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD), and as Abrincatis and Abrincateni in the Notitia Dignitatum (5th c. AD).
The city of Avranches, attested in the 6th c. AD as civitas Abrincatum ('civitas of the Abrincatui', Abrincae ca. 550, de Avrenchis in 1055–66), and the region of Avranchin, are named after the Gallic tribe.

## Geography

The territory of the Abrincatui mostly corresponded the later regions of Avranchin and Mortainais. It was inherited with only slight border changes by the civitas Abrincatum and, later, by the diocese of Avranches. However, the area of Mortainais was mostly uninhabited until the Roman period, and remained sparsely populated at the turn of the first millennium AD.
Two pre-Roman oppida were located in Le Petit-Celland and Carolles, with other settlements in Montanel and near Mortain.

## History

They were a client tribe of the Venelli until the Roman occupation in 49 BC, when they were separated.
# George Stillman

George Stillman (February 25, 1921 – March 12, 1997) was an American abstract expressionist artist and member of the San Francisco Bay Area group known as the "Sausalito Six".

## Biography

George Stillman was born in Laramie, Wyoming, but was raised in Ontario, California. He began working with photography while still a teenager and at the age of 17 or 18 won first prize for creative photography in the Golden Gate International Exposition. He got an associate degree at Chaffey College (1941) and then enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley, but in 1942 he was drafted to serve in the military in World War II.
After the war ended, he studied painting at the California School of Fine Arts (CSFA, now the San Francisco Art Institute), where he got to know a number of other emerging first-generation Bay Area Abstract Expressionist artists. With some of them, he formed a group that became known as the "Sausalito Six" because most lived in the waterfront town of Sausalito just north of San Francisco. The group consisted of Richard Diebenkorn, John Hultberg, Frank Lobdell, Walter Kuhlman, James Budd Dixon, and Stillman, who was one of the youngest members. Stillman lived in Oakland, where his parents had a photography studio, but he had close ties with the rest of the group and often visited them and exhibited with them.
The late 1940s were very active years for Stillman, who produced over 1000 paintings, prints, and other artworks in this period. His work ranged from pure abstraction to figurative subjects treated expressionistically; one writer refers to it as hailing from the "quietest branch of Abstract Expressionism, which preferred to transport the imagination rather than jolt the senses". During this period, he collaborated with other members of the Sausalito Six to create a portfolio of 17 lithographs entitled Drawings (1948) that is considered a landmark in the history of Abstract Expressionist printmaking. In 1949, the San Francisco Museum of Art honored him with the Ann Bremer Award. However, in the 1950s, when he went to Mexico to study and later take up a teaching job at the University of Guadalajara, he hauled most of his work to the dump. As a consequence, only a few dozen works survive from this phase of his career.
In the 1960s, Stillman went back to school, earning a B.F.A. (1968) and then an M.F.A. (1970) from Arizona State University. He subsequently taught art at Columbus College in Georgia (1970–72) and at Central Washington University (1972–88), where he was chair of the Art Department. He died in Ellensburg, Washington.
Stillman's work is held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York), the Oakland Museum (California), the British Museum (London), and numerous other art institutions.
# Progressive cardiac conduction defect

Progressive cardiac conduction defect (PCCD) is a hereditary cardiac condition marked by a progressive delay in impulse conduction via the His-Purkinje system, resulting in right or left bundle branch block (RBBB or LBBB), syncope, and occasionally sudden cardiac death.

## Diagnosis

When progressive conduction abnormalities in people under 50 with structurally normal hearts are present but skeletal myopathies are absent, progressive cardiac conduction defect is primarily diagnosed, particularly if there is a family history of PCCD.

## Treatment

At the moment, implanting an implantable pacemaker is the only proven treatment for PCCD, regardless of the underlying cause.
# Felipe González Ruiz

Felipe González Ruiz (born 26 May 1958) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). In the 2006 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the fifth district of Chihuahua during the 60th Congress.
# Marina Petrukhina

Marina Petrukhina (born March 15, 1963) is a Russian chemist who is the Carla Rizzo Delray Professor of Chemistry at the University at Albany. Her research investigates organometallic and coordination chemistry in curved molecular systems. She was elected Fellow of the American Chemical Society in 2023.

## Early life and education

Petrukhina studied chemistry at Moscow State University. She remained in Moscow for her doctoral research, where she specialized in inorganic chemistry. She then moved to the United States, where she worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Texas A&M University.

## Research and career

Petrukhina works on transition metal clusters, supramolecular and materials chemistry. In 2001, she joined the University at Albany, SUNY, where she was awarded an National Science Foundation CAREER Award.

## Awards and honors

* 2005 Dr. Nuala McGann Drescher Award, State of New York/United University Professions
* 2013 University at Albany, SUNY President's Award for Excellence in Research
* 2023 Elected Fellow of the American Chemical Society

## Selected publications

* Alexander V Zabula; Alexander S Filatov; Sarah N Spisak; Andrey Yu Rogachev; Marina A Petrukhina (1 August 2011). "A main group metal sandwich: five lithium cations jammed between two corannulene tetraanion decks". Science. 333 (6045): 1008–1011. Bibcode:2011Sci...333.1008Z. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.1208686. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 21852497. Wikidata Q29038075.
* Marina A Petrukhina; Kristian W Andreini; James Mack; Lawrence T Scott (1 July 2005). "X-ray quality geometries of geodesic polyarenes from theoretical calculations: what levels of theory are reliable?". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 70 (14): 5713–5716. doi:10.1021/JO050233E. ISSN 0022-3263. PMID 15989357. Wikidata Q46576487.
* Alexander S. Filatov; Marina A. Petrukhina (September 2010). "Probing the binding sites and coordination limits of buckybowls in a solvent-free environment: Experimental and theoretical assessment". Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 254 (17–18): 2234–2246. doi:10.1016/J.CCR.2010.05.004. ISSN 0010-8545. Wikidata Q115461242.