OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Obrogation

In civil law, obrogation (Latin: obrogat from obrogare) is the modification or repeal of a law in whole or in part by issuing a new law.
In the canon law of the Catholic Church, obrogation is the enacting of a contrary law that is a revocation of a previous law; it may also be the partial cancellation or amendment of a law, decree, or legal regulation by the imposition of a newer one.

## Catholic Church

The 1983 Code of Canon Law governs here in canon 53:
   If decrees are contrary one to another, where specific matters are expressed, the specific prevails over the general; if both are equally specific or equally general, the one later in time obrogates the earlier insofar as it is contrary to it.
This canon incorporates Rule 34 in VI of the Regulae Iuris: "Generi per speciem derogatur" or "The specific derogates from the general."
# Reidar Kvaal

Reidar Kvaal MC (14 February 1916 – 17 June 2016) was a Norwegian military officer.
He was born in Stjørdal Municipality to farmer Ottar Kvaal and Guri Gjære.
During World War II he was a member of Kompani Linge. He led Operation Lapwing, a group of commandos who were paradropped in the mountains of Haltdalen Municipality in 1943 and operated within occupied territory.
He was decorated with the St. Olav's Medal with Oak Branch and the British Military Cross. He ended his military career as Lieutenant General in the Norwegian Army. He was decorated Commander of the Order of St. Olav in 1972.
# Goldsmiths' Hall

Goldsmiths' Hall is a Grade I listed building at the junction of Foster Lane and Gresham Street in the City of London. It has served as an assay office and the headquarters of London's goldsmith guild, the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths, one of the livery companies of the City of London. The company has been based at this location since 1339, the present building being their third hall on the site.

## History

Little is known about the first hall. It was rebuilt in 1407 by Drugo Barentyn, a goldsmith who served twice as Lord Mayor of London.
The second hall was built circa 1634–36. In 1665, Samuel Pepys viewed the funeral of Sir Thomas Vyner from Goldsmiths' Hall. Pepys wore his best silk suit for the occasion, but the hall was so full of people that he left for Paternoster Square to order a new, ordinary silk suit. The hall was restored after the Great Fire of London in 1666 and eventually demolished in the late 1820s.
The third and present hall was designed by Philip Hardwick, who commissioned sculptor Philip Nixon. Marble statues by Samuel Nixon of children representing the Four Seasons stand on pedestals on the lower flight of the grand staircase, which The Gentleman's Magazine described as “a work of the highest merit ... such beautiful personifications.” The hall is entirely detached and occupies an entire block. Despite its great size, it is the second largest livery hall after the Worshipful Company of Plaisterers' Plaisterers Hall at One London Wall. The Illustrated London News declared “’The Goldsmiths’ is the most magnificent of all the Halls of the City of London.” Those present at the opening dinner in 1835 included the Duke of Wellington and Robert Peel.
In 1941 a bomb exploded in its southwest corner, but the building largely survived and was restored after the Second World War.
From time to time, the Master and Wardens provide for open days to visit Goldsmiths' Hall.
# Paulius Saudargas

Paulius Saudargas (born 13 March 1979 in Kaunas) is a physicist and Deputy Speaker of the Seimas (legislature). He has been a Member of the Seimas for the Justiniškės constituency since 2008.

## Biography

In 2001 graduated from the Faculty of Physics of Vilnius University, obtained a bachelor's degree in physics and a qualification of a physics teacher. In 2003 he obtained a master's degree in biophysics at Vilnius University, and in 2007 a PhD in biophysics, specialising in photoelectric, electroacoustic and spectroscopic studies of bacteriorhodopsin.

## Political life

From 2004 to 2005, he was a member of the board of the Young Christian Democrats. Between 2005 and 2007, Saudargas was a member of the board of the Lithuanian Council of Youth Organizations (LiJOT) and the Chairman of the Ethics Committee.
He is a member of the Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats, and was deputy executive secretary from 2007 to 2008.
Since 2008 Saudargas is a Member of the Seimas, elected in Justiniškės constituency.
Alongside Laurynas Kasčiūnas, Audronius Ažubalis and Vilija Aleknaitė-Abramikienė, Saudargas is considered to be a member of the party's Christian Democratic wing, which opposes the party's line on same-sex partnerships and other social questions.
# Moroccans in Spain

Moroccans in Spain (Arabic: المغاربة في إسبانيا; Spanish: Marroquíes en España) formed 16.4% of the 4,549,858 foreigners in Spain as of 1 January 2017. They are again the largest foreign group in Spain, after they were surpassed temporarily by Romanians in 2007. In 2003, they were estimated to make up about 6% of all Moroccans abroad. In 2022, the number of Moroccans in Spain increased to about 1,000,000.

## Migration history

Before 1985, Moroccans did not require visas to enter Spain. Many young came for seasonal or short-term work in agriculture and industry, coming and going from Spain without settling there. A new visa law implemented that year, La Ley de Extranjeria, was quite restrictive, and did not provide for permanent residence permits. In 1989, the Asociación de Trabajadores Inmigrantes Marroquíes en España was formed by a group of Moroccan workers to defend their working rights. As late as 1992, official statistics showed only 16,665 Moroccans residing in Spain (of whom 14,998 lived in peninsular Spain). In the following years, many Moroccans came to occupy jobs in the agricultural, hospitality, construction, and service sectors. By 2000, their population had increased to 201,182 individuals. Along with the growing numbers of migrants, their composition also shifted, with a higher proportion of women among them.
2000 also marked a significant shift in Spanish immigration laws; Law 4/2000 passed that year created mechanisms for family reunification, regularisation of illegal migrants, and acquisition of permanent residency. By 2008, official statistics showed 752,695 legal Moroccan residents of Spain. Beginning in September that year, Spanish authorities offered payments to unemployed immigrants if they agreed to cancel their residency and leave the country. With official statistics showing 82,262 unemployed Moroccans in Spain, there were expected to be many who would take advantage of the payments. However, according to provisional figures, the Moroccan population of Spain continued to grow during the year, and had reached 858,000 by the beginning of 2011, 8.8% higher than the 2008 total.
From 2000 to 2016, 211,709 Moroccans were naturalised as Spanish nationals. In the period 2010–2015 alone, 127,474 gained nationality. In the 2015–16 school year, 174,774 Moroccans were in Spanish schools, indicating the young age profile of the population.
As of 2018, Catalonia was the autonomous community with the most Moroccans, 209,920. The Region of Murcia had the second most, 79,482.

## Radicalization

Of the 235 jihadists arrested or killed in Spain between 2013–2017, around 46% were of Moroccan descent. 53% were born in Morocco, predominantly the Rif region.
# Albin Mikulski

Albin Mikulski (born 3 January 1957) is a Polish former professional football manager and player who played as a midfielder.

## Honours
### Player

Ruch Chorzów
* Ekstraklasa: 1978–79

### Manager

Wawel Kraków
* III liga, group VI: 1995–96
Polonia Warsaw
* Polish Cup: 2000–01
# Nguyễn Thị Hương Ly

Nguyễn Thị Hương Ly (born 1995) is a Vietnamese model and beauty pageant titleholder. She was the winner of Vietnam's Next Top Model season 6. She was the 1st Runner-up at Miss Universe Vietnam 2023.

## Career

Nguyễn Thị Hương Ly was born in 1995, and is from Gia Lai. She won Vietnam's Next Top Model season 6 in 2015.
In 2017, she entered Miss Universe Vietnam 2017, but withdrew for health reasons. In 2019, she entered Miss Universe Vietnam 2019 and reached the top five. In 2022, entered Miss Universe Vietnam 2022 and again reached the top five. In 2023, she entered Miss Universe Vietnam 2023 and was first runner-up.

### Television

In 2019, she was a coach of Model Kid Vietnam 2019 In 2020 and 2021, she was a judge at Aquafina Fashion Week.

## TV show

| Year | Program | Role | Broadcast on |
| 2015 | Vietnam's Next Top Model season 6 | Candidates | VTV3 |
| 2017 | Vietnam's Next Top Model season 7 | Guest judge episode 9 | VTV3 |
| 2018 | Vietnam's Next Top Model season 5 | Guest episode 1 | VTV3 |
| 2019 | Model Kid Vietnam | Mentor | BeU Channel |
| 2019 | Miss Universe Vietnam 2019 | Candidates | VTV9 |
| 2020 | Vietnam Why Not | Player | VTV9 |
| 2020 | Aquafina Fashion Week | Judge | BeU Channel |
| 2022 | Miss Universe Vietnam 2022 | Candidates | VTV9 |
| 2023 | Miss Universe Vietnam 2023 | Candidates | VTV9 |
| 2024 | The Next Gentleman | Mentor | TBA |
# Gottlobite

Gottlobite, CaMg(VO$_4$,AsO$_4$)(OH), is a mineral in the adelite group found as isolated crystals or isometric grains of orange or orange-brown color. The size of the crystals are a half millimeter in diameter and are part of the orthorhombic crystal system. Gottlobite is the vanadate end member in a solid solution formed with adelite (CaMg(AsO$_4$)(OH)). Gottlobite is also part of the vanadates and arsenates group. With these characteristics, it is similar to the minerals tangeite and austinite by X-ray diffraction methods.

## Occurrence

Gottlobite is a relatively rare mineral where only a small quantity of the mineral has been found. It was first observed at the site of a long-abandoned mine on the northern slope of Gottlob hill in Friedrichroda, Thuringia, Germany by Jὒrgen Graf in August of 1996. As such, gottlobite got its name from its locality. Additionally, the German translation of "Lob" means "praise" and the German translation of "Gott" means "God", as deciphered by Google Translate. In the mine at this location, Gottlobite is found in hydrothermal veins of barite that are cutting through conglomerate. The crystals of gottlobite can be found embedded in these barite veins or as stand-alone crystals on surrounding minerals. The associated minerals in the area are hausmannite, barite, vanadian adelite, and muscovite.

## Composition

Analytical methods used on gottlobite to determine its chemical composition include energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) and wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (WDX). EDX revealed the presence and quantities of elements present in the mineral, including Ca, V, As, O and small amounts of Sr. This was then measured in terms of oxides, where the weight percents were 24.98 for CaO, 0.92 for SrO, 17.54 for MgO, 1.50 for MnO, 1.44 for CuO, 27.47 for V$_2$O$_5$, 20.32 for As$_2$O$_5$, and 5.4 for H$_2$O. Mg is in gottlobite's chemical formula, but was not found in the EDX testing because of very similar pattern of arsenic lines that were overlapping with magnesium. The full empirical formula of gottlobite is (Ca$_{0.93}$,Sr$_{0.03}$)(Mg$_{0.91}$,Mn$_{0.04}$,Cu$_{0.04}$)(V$_{0.63}$,As$_{0.37}$)O$_4$O$_{1.08}$H$_{1.26}$. As seen in the formula, it was also determined that the arsenic and vanadium atoms are in 4-fold (tetrahedral) coordination with oxygen, and the magnesium atoms are in six-fold (octahedral) coordination.
# I Am Sam (soundtrack)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
| Pitchfork | 3.7/10 link |
I Am Sam is the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. It was released on January 8, 2002, by V2 Records (see 2002 in music). The album contents are made up entirely of cover versions of songs by the Beatles, although it was originally intended to consist of the group's original recordings. When producers were unable to obtain the rights to the original tracks, they commissioned the artists featured on the album to record the versions released.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Lennon–McCartney

## Charts
### Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^^$ |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Platinum | 100,000$^^$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Xanthapanteles

Xanthapanteles is a genus of braconid wasps in the family Braconidae. There is at least one described species in Xanthapanteles, X. cameronae, found in Argentina.
# Pope Boniface II

Pope Boniface II (Latin: Bonifatius II; died 17 October 532) was the first Germanic bishop of Rome. He ruled the Holy See from 22 September 530 until his death on 17 October 532.
Boniface's father's name was Sigibuld. He was probably born in Rome, and was designated to succeed to the papacy by his predecessor, Felix IV, who had been a strong adherent of the Arian Ostrogothic kings. Boniface was later elected, largely due to the influence of King Athalaric. For a time, he served as pope in competition with Dioscorus, who had been elected by most of the priests of Rome. Boniface and Dioscorus were both consecrated in Rome on 22 September 530, but Dioscurus died only twenty-two days later.
Boniface II's most notable act was confirming the decisions of the Council of Orange, teaching that grace is always necessary to obtain salvation. Boniface was buried in St. Peter's on 17 October 532.
# Marooned

Marooned may refer to:

## Film and television

* Marooned (1933 film), a British drama film
* Marooned (1969 film), an American science-fiction film
* Marooned (1994 film), a short film
* Marooned (2004 film), a football documentary
* Marooned (2019 film), a short film included on the home media releases of Abominable
* "Marooned" (Legends of Tomorrow), an episode of Legends of Tomorrow
* "Marooned" (Red Dwarf), an episode of Red Dwarf
* "Marooned" (The Ren & Stimpy Show), an episode of The Ren & Stimpy Show
* Marooned with Ed Stafford, a documentary television series

## Other uses

* File:Marooned by Edward J Gregory.jpg, the 1887 oil painting by Edward John Gregory
* Marooned (novel), by Martin Caidin, 1964
* Marooned (band), an American a cappella band
* "Marooned" (instrumental), on Pink Floyd's 1994 album The Division Bell
* "Marooned", a song from the album Death or Glory by Running Wild
# Minzhe

Minzhe (Chinese: 閩浙) was a geographic and political area of the Qing dynasty in southeastern China. It included the modern-day areas of Fujian, Taiwan, and Zhejiang. The Governor of Minzhe was known as the viceroy of Minzhe in the English language. Its administrative centre was located in Fuzhou.
# Giles A. Lutz

Giles Alfred Lutz (March 1910 – June 1982) was a prolific author of fiction in the Western genre. Born in March 1910 in Missouri, United States, Lutz for many years wrote short stories about the American West that were published in pulp magazines. His story Get a Wild Horse Hunter, an example of his pulp fiction writing, appeared in the June 1952 edition of the magazine Western Novels and Short Stories. In the mid-1950s Lutz made the transition to full-length novels, and until his death in June 1982, published numerous stories about the American West. In 1962, Lutz won the Western Writers of America Golden Spur Award for his novel The Honyocker.
Lutz wrote under several pseudonyms during his pulp fiction career, including under the names: James B. Chaffin, Wade Everett (with Will Cook), Alex Hawk, Hunter, Hunter Ingram, Reese Sullivan, and Gene Thompson. Under the pseudonym Brad Curtis, Lutz wrote steamy pulp novels in the erotica genre. He also wrote a lot of sports fiction for the pulp magazines, in titles like Ace Sports, Complete Sports, and Football Stories.
# Crawford Auto-Aviation Museum

The Crawford Auto-Aviation Museum is a transportation museum in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It is part of the Western Reserve Historical Society's Cleveland History Center in University Circle, and its collection includes about 170 cars. It was founded by Frederick C. Crawford of TRW, and opened in 1965.

## Collections

As of 2019 there were more than 170 automobiles, 12 aircraft, 3 antique carriages, and 21 non-car artifacts (motorcycles, boats and bicycles). The facility includes more than 2,000 square feet (190 m$^2$) of archival collections.
The aviation collection includes a P-51 Mustang racing plane used in Thompson Trophy Races. The oldest car in the collection is an 1897 Panhard et Levassor, while later acquisitions include the first production DeLorean from 1981 and a self-driving car named DEXTER which was team Team Case's entry in the DARPA Urban Challenge 2007, in which it placed in the top 20.
Other vehicles in the collection include Tinkerbelle, a small sailboat in which Robert Manry solo sailed across the Atlantic Ocean in 1965. Manry donated it to the Historical Society in 1967.
In 2016, the museum's 1913 ALCO Model Six Berline Limousine won the Ansel Adams Award at the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance in California.

## History

The collection began as the Thompson Products Auto Album, which was also founded by Crawford. Crawford explained that when he started collecting the cars, it was simply because it seemed a shame to let them be scrapped, which was the typical fate of almost all antique machinery at the time. He saw value in saving a few historically significant examples.
In 1990, the museum sold off almost 70 automobiles by putting them up for auction with Sotheby's.
To pay down debt, the museum sold or auctioned 44 cars in 2009, 24 of them through RM Auctions in October. The deaccessions proceeded over public protest and the objections of Kay Crawford, the widow of founder Frederick C. Crawford. The museum also sold a Goodyear F2G Corsair it had purchased from Walter Soplata and a Airco DH.4 originally acquired by Crawford.
As of 2018, the museum featured two major exhibits: Setting the World in Motion, featuring cars and airplanes made in Northeast Ohio, and REVolution: The Automobile in America, telling the story of the automobile in America.
The museum dismissed its director, Brad Brownell, in 2023 due to disagreements over object use philosophies.
# Alejandra Gutiérrez (footballer)

Alejandra Gutiérrez Carrillo (born 2 July 1994) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Liga MX Femenil side Tijuana.

## Career

In 2018, she started her career in UANL. In 2021, she was transferred to Tijuana.

## International career

Gutiérrez represented Mexico at the 2010 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, the 2012 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship and the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.
# María Fernanda Pérez

María Fernanda Daniela Pérez Limón (born 12 January 1995) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a Centre-back for Liga MX Femenil side Atlas.

## Career

Since 2019, she is part of Atlas.

## International career

Pérez represented Mexico at the 2012 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup.
# Sterling Byrd Lacy

Sterling Byrd Lacy (May 3, 1882 – May 7, 1957) was the 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Colorado, serving from 1925 to 1927 under Clarence Morley.

## Early life

Sterling Byrd Lacy was born on May 3, 1882, at Elwood, near Fredericksburg, Virginia, to Sallie Byrd Goodwin Lacy and William Sterling Byrd Lacy. He graduated from Locust Dale Academy near Charlottesville.

## Career

In 1902, Lacy moved from New Mexico to Grand Junction, Colorado. He worked in the banking industry for 12 years. After 1917, he became an official with the Colorado Life Insurance Company and served as its president in 1935. He was elected as a Democrat and served for two terms with the Colorado House of Representatives, from 1919 to 1921 and from 1923 to 1925. He served as the Lieutenant Governor of Colorado from 1925 to 1927. He was a commissioner with the Colorado budget and efficiency commission from 1927 to 1929. He was chairman of the Loudoun County Selective Service Board for 12 years until his resignation in 1952.

## Personal life

Lacy married Della Margaret Lumsden on February 2, 1910. They had a son, William Sterling Byrd Lacy. His son William served as United States Ambassador to Korea in 1955.
Lacy married Mabel (or Allene) Linn in 1937. In 1938, he bought a house near Leesburg in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died following a heart condition on May 7, 1955, in Daytona Beach, Florida.
# Saphan Mai

Saphan Mai (Thai: สะพานใหม่, pronounced 'new bridge') is a marketplace and neighbourhood in north Bangkok, chiefly in the Anusawari Subdistrict, Bang Khen District and part of Khlong Thanon Subdistrict, Sai Mai District. The Saphan Mai area covers two sides of Phahonyothin Road for about three kilometres (1.8 mi) from the south, Anusawari Lak Si Circle, to north, Saphan Sukoranakhaseni, a bridge that spans Khlong Song or Khlong Thanon and connects Bang Khen, Sai Mai, and Don Mueang Districts.
The name Saphan Mai means 'new bridge'. It is the term used by locals for Saphan ('bridge') Sukoranakhaseni (สะพานสุกรนาคเสนีย์) which replaced the old bridge.
The main market in the Saphan Mai area is Talat Saphan Mai (ตลาดสะพานใหม่), also known as Talat Ying Charoen (ตลาดยิ่งเจริญ) a large wet market founded by Suwapee Thammawattana. It opened on 11 August 1955 on a plot of approximately 30 rai (about 11 acres).
# Fangxun Li

Fangxun Li (Chinese: 李方训; Fang-Hsuin Lee) (1902-1962) was a Chinese chemist, specializing in physical chemistry. He worked as a researcher, teacher, and administrator, and was the first vice president of Nanjing University after its merger with the University of Nanking in 1952. He was one of the founding members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was created in 1955.
Li got his bachelor's degree in 1925 from the University of Nanking. He then traveled to the United States and obtained his PhD in 1934 at Northwestern University. He studied the influence of dipolar ions on the solubility of salts, molar polarization and radius-ratio of ions.
Having returned to the University of Nanking in 1934, he invited Choh Hao Li, who had recently obtained his Bachelor degree, to collaborate on a project; this led to a paper in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, and inspired Choh Hao Li to pursue graduate studies in the United States.
He was given an honorary Degree (Doctor of Science) in 1948 by Northwestern University. The citation is:
   Distinguished chemist, teacher, and administrator, who, after earning his doctorate at Northwestern University, returned to his alma mater, Nanking University, where he became successively chairman of the Department of Chemistry and Dean of the College of Liberal Arts. When invading armies engulfed his country he supervised the removal of the university to far western China where, under most trying conditions and with meager equipment, he carried on both teaching and research.
His work was included in "Science Outpost", edited by Joseph Needham.

## Awards, honors and fellowships

* 1947 – Member of the council of the Chinese Chemical Society
* 1948 – honorary doctorate, Northwestern University
* 1952 – Vice president, Nanjing University
* 1955 – Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
* 1957 – Member, Member of the Scientific Planning Committee of the State Council
* 1959 – Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference