OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1445

Year 1445 (MCDXLV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### January–December

* April – Henry VI of England marries Margaret of Anjou.
* October 10 – Battle of Mokra: The Albanian forces under Skanderbeg defeat the Ottoman forces (Pope Eugene IV raises a hymn of praise, that Christendom has been provided with a new defender, after he hears of the battle).

### Date unknown

* The Portuguese set up their first trading post (Feitoria) in Africa, on the island of Arguin.
* Portuguese explorer Dinis Dias discovers the Cap-Vert, on the western coast of Africa.
* Battle of Gomit: Emperor Zara Yaqob of Ethiopia defeats and kills Sultan Arwe Badlay, of Adal.
* Vlad II Dracul, aided by a crusaders' fleet from Burgundy, attacks Giurgiu, and massacres the Ottoman garrison after their surrender.
* Stephen II remains sole ruler of Moldavia.

## Births

* March 16 – Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, Swiss-born priest (d. 1510)
* April 4 – Wiguleus Fröschl of Marzoll, Bishop of Passau (1500–1517) (d. 1517)
* October 25 – Fulk Bourchier, 10th Baron FitzWarin, English baron (d. 1479)
* October 31 – Hedwig, Abbess of Quedlinburg, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg (d. 1511)
* December 11 – Eberhard I, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1496)
* date unknown – Albert Brudzewski, Polish astronomer (d. 1497)
* probable – Nicolas Chuquet, French mathematician
* approximate – Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter (d. 1510)

## Deaths

* January 19 – Antonio Correr, Venetian cardinal (b. 1359)
* February 19 – Leonor of Aragon, queen of Portugal (b. 1402)
* April 7 – Louis VIII, Duke of Bavaria, German noble (b. 1403)
* May 15 – Johanna van Polanen, Dutch noblewoman (b. 1392)
* June 5 – Leonel Power, English composer
* July 15 – Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland
* August 2 – Oswald von Wolkenstein, Austrian composer (b. 1377)
* date unknown – Olug Moxammat of Kazan, Khan of Kazan
# Rhoda Fraser

Rhoda Mary Napier Fraser (born Jupp; 23 February 1918 – 9 March 1970) was a Scottish communist and peace campaigner, known for her leading role in the Communist Party of Great Britain in the 1940s and 1950s, and her continuing public agitation in the 1960s against the Vietnam War and for nuclear disarmament. Under the pseudonym Crae Ritchie she was also a published poet.

## Early years

Fraser was born in Edinburgh to Ethel Jupp and her husband George, who was a clerk in the Board of Works in February 1918. She became a nurse. When the children's nursery in Glasgow that she was matron of was threatened with closure during WW2, she organised the mothers in a successful protest to keep it open.

## Political career
### 1940s and 1950s

Fraser joined the Communist Party of Great Britain in her early 20s. In 1944, she became Scottish women's organiser and, later, secretary of the Scottish Women's Advisory Committee (SWAC). She campaigned on popular women's issues, including food prices, rents and childcare, and worked to make women a prominent feature of communist-backed demonstrations and pickets. Inspired by the World Congress for Peace in 1949, Fraser organised a 'peace bus' which toured Scotland during June of that year, alerting people to the dangers of nuclear warfare. The tour started with a send-off by Helen Crawfurd in her final public appearance.
Fraser wanted to build broad-based women's campaigns with a strong Communist influence, and in 1953 established Scotland's first national women's assembly, aimed towards "a united women's movement in Scotland". This brought her into conflict with the Scottish party leadership, who felt her priority should be building the CPGB's women's groups. In 1955, she was removed as secretary of the SWAC and left the Executive Committee.
A year later, Fraser left the Communist Party — not because of her disagreements with its Scottish leadership, but due to her disillusionment with the international communist movement after Khrushchev's secret speech and the 1956 Soviet invasion of Hungary.

### 1960s

Fraser moved back to her hometown of Edinburgh in the 1960s and joined the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). In 1969, as part of her campaigning against the Vietnam War, she interrupted a reception for the ambassador of South Vietnam to denounce his government.

## Poetry career

Writing as Crae Ritchie, Fraser had two books of poetry published, one posthumously. Her work was also published in journals and other outlets. She also used her work to raise funds for the causes she supported.

## Death

Following a struggle with major depressive disorder, Fraser took her own life in 1970. The following year, her friend and fellow poet, Joan Ure, published a poem about Fraser's death.
# Suriyapperuma

Suriyapperuma is a surname, commonly used in Sri Lanka. Notable people with the surname include:
* Harshana Suriyapperuma, Sri Lankan politician
* J. R. P. Suriyapperuma (1928–2025), Sri Lankan politician
# Ranković

Ranković (Cyrillic script: Ранковић) is a Serbian patronymic surname derived from a masculine given name Ranko. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksandar Leka Ranković (1909–1983), leading Yugoslav Communist of Serbian origin
* Ljubiša Ranković (born 1973), former Serbian footballer
* Svetolik Ranković (1863–1899), Serbian writer
* Aleksandar Ranković (born 1978), Serbian footballer
* Zoran Ranković, Yugoslav footballer
# Chicago Commission on Race Relations

The Chicago Commission on Race Relations was a non-partisan, interracial investigative committee, appointed by Illinois governor Frank Lowden. The commission was set up after the Chicago riots of July and August 1919 in "which thirty-eight lives were lost, twenty-three Negros and fifteen whites, and 537 persons were injured".The purpose of the commission was to investigate the causes of the Riot and make recommendations to prevent a tragedy like this from reoccurring. The research was the first extensive research on interracial Black-white relations conducted in Chicago funded by a government agency.
The sociological study was published in 1922 by the University of Chicago Press as The Negro in Chicago – A Study of Race Relations and a Race Riot. The study included a substantial review of the background of the riots, the riots themselves, and their aftermath, together with original work and investigation into the relations between and perceptions of the black and white communities in Chicago. The Negro in Chicago ran to 672 pages with a number of plates, plans and other additional matter.

## The Commission

The Chicago Commission on Race Relations was established at a meeting of eighty-one citizens, representing forty-eight social, civic, commercial, and professional organizations of Chicago. They set up a commission composed entirely of men six African-Americans and six European-Americans:
Before conducting the research, the commission felt that a strong emphasis should be placed on understanding the life of the Negro in Chicago, in particular the relations between the two races. The following six subcommittees were created:
Chicago at this time experienced a substantial increase of Black migration from the South. World War I had brought industrial jobs to cities in the North but many of these jobs were subject to a color bar and only available to whites. The arrival of black people in northern cities led to an increase in rent in underdeveloped neighborhoods and white flight. Expansion of the ghetto caused friction among white residents such that "bombs were thrown at black owned homes".
The research was conducted by a series of "conferences or informal hearings, and through research and fieldwork carried on by staff or trained investigator". Chicago's neighborhoods were classified into four groups: (1) mixed, unadjusted neighborhoods; (2) mixed, adjusted neighborhoods; (3) contested areas; and (4) neighborhoods that are entirely white or negro.
The study concluded that there were no immediate solutions to remedy the tensions between the racial groups and suggested that "through mutual understanding and sympathy between the races will be followed by harmony and co-operation".

## Records

The records of the commission are stored in the Illinois State Archives.
# Mehraj Mattoo

Mehraj Mattoo is a British investment banker, economist and author; and an ALI Fellow and senior fellow at Harvard University. He is the former global head of asset management at Commerzbank AG. Prior to Commerzbank, Mattoo was the managing director of Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein, the investment banking arm of Dresdner Bank AG, the second largest bank in Germany. In the mid-1990s, Mattoo was co-head of the fund derivatives group in the City at BNP Paribas. He has been credited for pioneering the use of structured products on alternative investments, especially hedge funds, that helped attract institutional assets to the hedge fund industry and contributed to its growth over the following decade. At Commerzbank he instituted a move toward neural network (machine learning) based asset allocation, launching the first Computational Intelligence group in the City under the leadership of late Prof. John G. Taylor.
Mattoo was born in India but was educated at Imperial College in London, where he was awarded an MSc and a PhD from the University of London. He was the inaugural NatWest Research Fellow at Imperial College (1986–1989) and a visiting research scholar at the MIT Sloan School of Management. Mattoo is a leading commentator on alternative investments and a known critic of the traditional asset management model. Dr. Mattoo is the author of Structured Derivatives published in 1997 by the Financial Times and a co-author of books on interest rate risk management and alternative investments.
In 2015, he was appointed advanced leadership fellow at Harvard University, and in 2016 he became a senior fellow.
# Tao River

Tao River, Taohe River (Chinese: 洮河; pinyin: Táo Hé) or Lu Chu (Tibetan: ཀླུ་ཆུ, Wylie: klu chu) is a right tributary of China's Yellow River. It starts in Xiqing Mountains (西倾山) near the Gansu–Qinghai border, flows eastward across Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, and then northward more or less along the border between Dingxi Prefecture-level City in the east and Gannan and Linxia Prefectures in the west. It flows into the Yellow River (actually, the Liujiaxia Reservoir) near Liujiaxia Town (the county seat of Yongjing County), just upstream of Liujiaxia Dam.

## Hydro power

A number of dams with hydroelectric power plants have been constructed on the Tao River. According to Google Maps, they include dams at the following locations (upstream to downstream):
* 34°36′35″N 103°58′34″E﻿ / ﻿34.60972°N 103.97611°E﻿ / 34.60972; 103.97611—Gucheng Station, near Zhongzhai Town (中寨镇) in Min County
* 34°55′27″N 103°49′57″E﻿ / ﻿34.92417°N 103.83250°E﻿ / 34.92417; 103.83250—Shashuniu Dam (峡枢纽大坝)
* 34°58′51″N 103°49′52″E﻿ / ﻿34.98083°N 103.83111°E﻿ / 34.98083; 103.83111—the Lianlu Cascade I, near Xiacheng Township (峡城乡)
* 34°59′48″N 103°47′23″E﻿ / ﻿34.99667°N 103.78972°E﻿ / 34.99667; 103.78972
* 35°05′49″N 103°45′37″E﻿ / ﻿35.09694°N 103.76028°E﻿ / 35.09694; 103.76028
* 35°09′27″N 103°48′29″E﻿ / ﻿35.15750°N 103.80806°E﻿ / 35.15750; 103.80806
The Lianlu Cascade I station, with the generation capacity of 55 MW, has been jointly developed by Japan and China. Construction of the station's three 22MW units began in 2007 and was completed in 2010, the year the units began producing electricity.
# Carla Harvey

Carla Harvey is an American musician, best known as a former co-vocalist of the metal band Butcher Babies. She landed her first job in Hollywood as an entertainment reporter for the Playboy Channel, and appeared on many popular network TV shows like Rules of Engagement. Harvey took a break from the entertainment world to earn a degree in Mortuary Science from California's Cypress College, and she worked as an embalmer and funeral director before forming the Butcher Babies and pursuing her lifelong dream of being a touring musician.
Harvey is passionate about writing. She was named a "comic book mastermind" by Hustler. Her first published comic book Butcher Babies was released with great success at San Diego Comic-Con 2011. Her first full-length novel, Death and Other Dances, was released in 2014, and a new comic series entitled Soul Sucka was released in 2015.

## Biography

Harvey is of Irish-Ethiopian descent through her father and of Finnish-Italian descent through her mother. She had a sister named Julia, who was born with microcephaly and died from it at a young age. Harvey attended Glenn Levey Middle School in Southfield, Michigan. As a teenager, she attended Mercy High School (all-girl private Catholic) and Harrison High School, both in Farmington Hills, Michigan. Carla also has a degree in mortuary science from California's Cypress College, was Valedictorian and earned a degree in Mortuary Business from Mid America College of Funeral Service and is a licensed funeral director and embalmer as well as a grief coach. In an interview, she said that "She hopes to one day open her own funeral home, but for now, she's enjoying life on the road with the Butcher Babies."
As of 2015, Harvey started dating Charlie Benante, the drummer of American thrash metal band Anthrax.
After departing Butcher Babies in July 2024, Harvey announced the forming of her new band, the Violent Hour.
On January 3rd, 2025, Lords of Acid announced that Carla Harvey has joined the band.

## Musical influences

Harvey has cited her influences as Pantera, Slayer, Metallica, Black Sabbath, Iron Maiden, Slipknot, and the Plasmatics. However, in an interview, she has stated that her main musical heroes are Slash and Jimi Hendrix. She said: "As a biracial kid growing up in the Detroit area, I got a lot of shit for loving hard rock and metal, and seeing musicians that were also African American playing the music I loved made me strong enough to say, 'Fuck you, I'm going to like what I want.'" She is also heavily influenced by horror movies such as The Texas Chain Saw Massacre, House of 1000 Corpses, and The Devil's Rejects. On July 20, 2024, Harvey announced her departure from Butcher Babies.

## Discography
### With Butcher Babies

* Blonde Girls All Look the Same (Single) (2011)
* Butcher Babies (EP) (2012)
* Goliath (2013)
* Uncovered (EP) (2014)
* Take It Like a Man (2015)
* Lilith (2017)
* Eye for an Eye…/…'Till the World's Blind (2023)
# HMAS Air Faith (909)

HMAS Air Faith (909) was a Miami-class 63-foot Air-Sea Rescue Boat that was operated by the Royal Australian Navy during World War II, and later by the Royal Australian Air Force.

## Design

The Miami class rescue boats were wooden-hulled, and powered by two 630 hp (470 kW) Hall-Scott Defender petrol engines giving a top speed of 31.5 knots. They were armed with two twin .50 calibre M2 Browning machine guns mounted either side of the bridge. The crew comprised one officer in command, a coxswain, two engineers, two seamen and one or two radio operators.

## Service history

Air Faith was one of a class of twenty boats ordered on 4 March 1944. They were all Model 314 boats, designed by the Miami Shipbuilding Corporation, of Miami, Florida, but built at a number of shipyards in California. Air Faith was built by South Coast Company in Newport Beach, California, as hull C-26647 and arrived at Sydney aboard the Cecil G. Sellars and was commissioned on 8 February 1945.
Air Faith was placed into reserve on 20 August 1946, and in 1949 she was one of thirteen RAN rescue boats transferred to the Royal Australian Air Force, and renamed 02-101.
The boat was returned to the RAN in 1965, and sold to private interests on 3 July 1968. The boat was sold again in 1972 and has been with the current owner ever since. The boat is moored in Sydney Harbour and has been operating as a charter vessel since 1998. The boat has had major modifications, but the hull is clearly visible as its former air sea rescue style. A superstructure was fitted as a saloon area in the 1980s. The Hall Scott petrol engines were replaced in the 1970s with GM's, and recently with Fiat diesels.
# Francisco Ávila Camberos

Francisco Ávila Camberos (born 13 December 1948) is a Mexican politician who is candidate of the PAN (Partido Acción Nacional), and became friends with Jorge González Olivieri, the director of API (Administración Portuaria Integral de Veracruz), and the former president of Mexico, Vicente Fox. A graduate of the Universidad Veracruzana, he was a federal deputy in the LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress.
# Carolina Gudiño Corro

Luz Carolina Gudiño Corro (born 19 November 1981) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). In the 2009 mid-terms she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Veracruz's 12th congressional district during the 61st Congress.
# José Luis Oliva Meza

José Luis Oliva Meza is the former mayor (1992–1994) of Naolinco, Veracruz, Mexico, and director of the radio station Grupo Oliva Radio en el estado de Veracruz.
# Julio Saldaña Morán

Julio Saldaña Morán (born 27 August 1961) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). He represented Veracruz and the third electoral region in the Chamber of Deputies for the 63rd session of Congress (2015–2018).

## Life

Saldaña's political career began in the National Action Party (PAN), where he was a poll observer in 1988 and a general representative in 1994. He also was involved with local positions in the Veracruz city government, particularly on ecological matters and parks, and was a town councilor there from 1997 to 2000 and its secretary of government from 2001 to 2004. In 2001, Saldaña obtained a law degree from the Centro de Estudios Superiores México.
Saldaña continued to serve an important role in local politics; he was the PAN's presidential campaign coordinator for the port of Veracruz in 2000 and again in 2006, and in 2005, voters elected him to the 60th session of the Congress of Veracruz. In that legislature, he presided over the Public Security and Justice Commission.
In 2007 and 2010, Saldaña was the PAN's candidate for the municipal presidency of Veracruz, Veracruz, losing each time. In 2009, however, Saldaña did win a plurinominal seat in the federal Chamber of Deputies for the 61st Congress; he was the secretary of the Rural Development Commission and sat on those dealing with Government and Navy.
In 2013, after finding that it had no suitable internal candidates to run for municipal president, the Party of the Democratic Revolution tapped Saldaña as its candidate; he would lose in the election. While the state president of the PRD said it was not necessary for Saldaña to leave the PAN, and Saldaña even stated he was not leaving the party, the PAN began the process of expelling Saldaña and dozens of his supporters from the party in mid-July. Ultimately, by the end of the year, Saldaña formally joined the PRD.
In 2015, Saldaña Morán was placed on the PRD's list of proportional representation deputies from the third region, returning him to the Chamber of Deputies for the 63rd Congress. He sat on the Energy, Labor and Social Welfare, and Metropolitan Development Commissions.
# Pablo Anaya Rivera

Pablo Anaya Rivera (born 26 June 1948) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). In the 2003 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the fifth district of Veracruz during the 59th Congress.
# José Luis Álvarez Martínez

José Luis Álvarez Martínez (born 5 October 1968) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). From 2010 to 2012 he served as a deputy during the 61st Congress, representing Veracruz's 17th district as the alternate of José Tomás Carrillo Sánchez.
# Francisco Arano Montero

Francisco Arano Montero (born 30 September 1950) is a Mexican politician from the National Action Party (PAN). In the 2000 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Veracruz's 17th district during the 58th Congress.
# Guillermo Díaz Gea

Guillermo Díaz Gea (born 16 February 1944) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).
He has been elected to the Chamber of Deputies on two occasions: in the 1991 mid-terms, to the 55th Congress, and in the 2000 general election, to the 58th Congress, both times representing the first district of Veracruz. He also served in the 52nd session of the Congress of Veracruz and as the municipal president of his hometown of Pánuco, Veracruz, in 1988–1991 and 1998–2000.
# Rocío Guzmán de Paz

Rocío Guzmán de Paz (born 14 October 1960) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). In the 2003 mid-terms she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the first district of Veracruz during the 59th Congress.
# Aon Rud Persanta

"Aon Rud Persanta" (Irish for Nothing Personal) is the eleventh episode of the sixth season of Sons of Anarchy. It first aired on November 19, 2013 in the United States.
This episode marks the final appearance for Clay Morrow (Ron Perlman).

## Plot

Clay gets broken out during his prison transfer, and Bobby gets shot in the process. Jax exacts his revenge on the Irish and Clay for past wrongdoings. Patterson is unhappy with the way Jax upheld his end of the deal and makes it seem as if she's going to throw that deal out. Tara contemplates making a deal of her own to stay out of jail and get her and her sons out of Charming for good.

## Reception

In a review by Diana Steenbergen for IGN, the episode received a 9.5|10 rating; stating "A powerful episode of Sons of Anarchy delivered more than one shocking moment with the focus on Jax bringing SAMCRO’s dealings with both Clay Morrow and the Irish gunrunning business to an end." Zach Handlin of The AV Club gave the episode a B+ rating, while Allison Keene of Collider gave it an A− rating.
# Soczówki

Soczówki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żarnów, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of Żarnów, 17 km (11 mi) south of Opoczno, and 82 km (51 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
# Motoyama Station (Mitoyo)

Motoyama Station (本山駅, Motoyama-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Mitoyo, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "Y18".

## Lines

Motoyama Station is served by the JR Shikoku Yosan Line and is located 52.4 km from the beginning of the line at Takamatsu. Dosan line local, Rapid Sunport, and Nanpū Relay services stop at the station. In addition, there are two trains a day running a local service on the Seto-Ōhashi Line which stop at the station. These run in one direction only, from Kan'onji to Okayama.

## Layout

The station, which is unstaffed, consists of an island platform serving two tracks. A traditional Japanese style timber station building houses a waiting room and a noodle shop. Access to the platforms is by means of a level crossing.

## Adjacent stations

| « | « | Service | » | » |
| Yosan Line |||||
| Hijidai | Hijidai | Rapid Sunport | Kan'onji | Kan'onji |
| Hijidai | Hijidai | Nanpū Relay | Kan'onji | Kan'onji |
| Hijidai | Hijidai | Local | Kan'onji | Kan'onji |
| Seto-Ōhashi Line |||||
| Hijidai | Hijidai | Local | Kan'onji | Kan'onji |

## History

The station opened on 20 December 1913 as an intermediate stop when the track of the then Sanuki Line was extended westwards from Tadotsu to Kan'onji. At that time the station was operated by Japanese Government Railways, later becoming Japanese National Railways (JNR). With the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987, control of the station passed to JR Shikoku.

## Surrounding area

* Motoyama-ji, 70th temple of the Shikoku Pilgrimage
* Mitoyo City Hall Toyonaka Government Building (former Toyonaka Town Hall)
* Kagawa Prefectural Kasada High School