# Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres

The men's 100 metres was an event at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. The competition was held at the Olympic Stadium on 31 August and 1 September. Sixty-five competitors from 48 nations entered, but 61 competitors from 45 nations participated. Nations were limited to three athletes each under rules set at the 1930 Olympic Congress.
The event was won in a photo finish by Armin Hary of the United Team of Germany, earning the first Olympic title by a German runner in the event (Fritz Hofmann was second in 1896) and breaking the United States' streak of five straight wins. American Dave Sime was the silver medalist, posting the same Olympic record time (10.2 seconds) as Hary (they were separated by a photo-finish).

## Summary

Since winning the 1958 European Championship, Armin Hary was a known commodity. His incredible reaction time supposedly had been clocked using high speed cameras at .03 of a second, while normal humans react from .15 upward. Some of his competitors thought he was using some sort of trickery.
Along with Enrique Figuerola asking for a pause, the proceedings to start this 10 second race took 20 minutes. Hary's incredible reaction to the gun and sprint form through the acceleration phase has been studied for generations, needless to say it put him in the lead, on the outside of the track in lane 6, putting nearly a 2-metre gap on Peter Radford to his inside. Dave Sime was the slowest out of the blocks with a deficit to make up across the track from Hary in lane 1. But make up the deficit he did, gaining with every step, passing the field by 70 metres and gaining until he was virtually running stride for stride against Hary at the line. Hary held Sime off, leaning at the tape to take the gold. With the fastest closing speed over the last 20 metres, Radford made up a big gap, to take the slight edge over Figueola and Frank Budd all finishing together.
Later, as a professor of sports science, Radford said he thinks he figured out the "tell" Hary used to anticipate the gun.
   "He'd wait until we were all on our fingertips in the set position. Then he'd take up his place, pause momentarily – and run. He might get caught with a false start, but he might also get away with it."
Hary ran representing the United Team of Germany, a combined team of German athletes from East and West Germany.

## Background

This was the fourteenth time the event was held, having appeared at every Olympics since the first in 1896. Manfred Germar, 5th place in 1956, was the only finalist from the Melbourne Games to return in 1960. Notable entrants, along with Hary and Germar, were Americans Ray Norton (U.S. Olympic trial champion), Dave Sime, and Frank Budd, and Canada's Harry Jerome (who shared the world record with Hary at 10 seconds flat).
The British West Indies, Fiji, Kenya, Morocco, South Korea, and Sudan were represented in the event for the first time. The United States was the only nation to have appeared at each of the first fourteen Olympic men's 100 metres events.

## Competition format

The event retained the same basic four round format from 1920–1956: heats, quarterfinals, semifinals, and a final. However, the format was tweaked for the first time since 1936. The number of heats was reduced from 12 to 9 (with six or seven athletes per heat), with the number of runners advancing from each heat increased from 2 to 3. This led to 27 quarterfinalists (up from 24), so the 4 quarterfinal heats were now unbalanced: one had 6 athletes while the other three had 7. As before, however, the top 3 in each quarterfinal advanced to the semifinals. There were 2 heats of 6 semifinalists, once again with the top 3 advancing to the 6-man final.

## Records

Prior to the competition, the existing World and Olympic records were as follows.
| World record | 10.0 | Armin Hary | Zürich, Switzerland | 21 June 1960 |
| World record | 10.0 | Harry Jerome | Saskatoon, Canada | 15 July 1960 |
| Olympic record | 10.3 | Eddie Tolan | Los Angeles, USA | 1 August 1932 |
| Olympic record | 10.3 | Ralph Metcalfe | Los Angeles, USA | 1 August 1932 |
| Olympic record | 10.3 | Jesse Owens | Berlin, Germany | 2 August 1936 |
| Olympic record | 10.3 | Harrison Dillard | London, United Kingdom | 31 July, 1948 |
| Olympic record | 10.3 | Bobby Morrow | Melbourne, Australia | 23 November 1956 |
| Olympic record | 10.3 | Ira Murchison | Melbourne, Australia | 23 November 1956 |
| Olympic record | 10.3 | Bobby Morrow | Melbourne, Australia | 24 November 1956 |
Armin Hary broke the 28-year-old Olympic record with a 10.2 second run in the quarterfinals. He (along with Dave Sime) matched that 10.2 second result in the final.

## Results
### Heats

The top three runners in each of the 9 heats advanced.

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Enrique Figuerola | Cuba | 10.4 | Q |
| 2 | Carl Fredrik Bunæs | Norway | 10.7 | Q |
| 3 | Yuriy Konovalov | Soviet Union | 10.7 | Q |
| 4 | Suthi Manyakass | Thailand | 10.8 | |
| 5 | Mikhail Bachvarov | Bulgaria | 11.0 | |
| 6 | Amos Grodzinowsky | Israel | 11.1 | |
| 7 | Raj Joshi Tilak | India | 11.3 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Seraphino Antao | Kenya | 10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Armin Hary | United Team of Germany | 10.6 | Q |
| 3 | Heinz Müller | Switzerland | 10.8 | Q |
| 4 | Gustav Ntiforo | Ghana | 11.0 | |
| 5 | Isaac Gómez | Philippines | 11.0 | |
| 6 | Dennis Tipping | Australia | 11.2 | |
| 7 | Abdul Khaliq | Pakistan | 11.2 | |

#### Heat 3

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Horacio Esteves | Venezuela | 10.4 | Q |
| 2 | Dennis Johnson | British West Indies | 10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Dave Sime | United States | 10.5 | Q |
| 4 | Lynn Eves | Canada | 10.8 | |
| 5 | Aggrey Awori | Uganda | 10.9 | |
| 6 | Patrick Lowry | Ireland | 10.9 | |
| 7 | Roba Negousse | Ethiopia | 11.3 | |

#### Heat 4

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Harry Jerome | Canada | 10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Jocelyn Delecour | France | 10.5 | Q |
| 3 | Erasmus Amukun | Uganda | 10.6 | Q |
| 4 | Affonso da Silva | Brazil | 10.8 | |
| 5 | Bouchaib El-Maachi | Morocco | 10.9 | |
| 6 | Shahrudin Mohamed Ali | Malaya | 10.9 | |
| - | James Omagbemi | Nigeria | DNS | |

#### Heat 5

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Tom Robinson | Bahamas | 10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Lloyd Murad | Venezuela | 10.7 | Q |
| 3 | Sitiveni Moceidreke | Fiji | 10.8 | Q |
| 4 | George Short | Canada | 10.9 | |
| 5 | Emmanuel Putu | Liberia | 11.2 | |
| 6 | Kim Jong-cheol | South Korea | 11.5 | |

#### Heat 6

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Ray Norton | United States | 10.7 | Q |
| 2 | Gusman Kosanov | Soviet Union | 10.7 | Q |
| 3 | Santiago Plaza | Mexico | 10.8 | Q |
| 4 | Walter Mahlendorf | United Team of Germany | 10.8 | |
| 5 | Romain Poté | Belgium | 11.0 | |
| 6 | Aydin Onur | Turkey | 11.3 | |
| 7 | Abdul Hadi Shekaib | Afghanistan | 11.6 | |

#### Heat 7

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | David Jones | Great Britain | 10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Abdoulaye Seye | France | 10.6 | Q |
| 3 | Rafael Romero | Venezuela | 10.7 | Q |
| 4 | Elmar Kunauer | Austria | 11.0 | |
| 5 | Huang Suh-chuang | Formosa | 11.2 | |
| 6 | Khudhir Zalata | Iraq | 11.3 | |
| - | Iftikhar Shah | Pakistan | DNF | |

#### Heat 8

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Marian Foik | Poland | 10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Edward Jefferys | South Africa | 10.6 | Q |
| 3 | Claude Piquemal | France | 10.7 | Q |
| 4 | Jalal Gozal | Indonesia | 10.9 | |
| 5 | Manfred Germar | United Team of Germany | 11.0 | |
| 6 | Hamdan El-Tayeb | Sudan | 11.1 | |
| 7 | José Albarrán | Spain | 11.2 | |

#### Heat 9

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Peter Radford | Great Britain | 10.4 | Q |
| 2 | Frank Budd | United States | 10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Edvin Ozolin | Soviet Union | 10.7 | Q |
| 4 | Hilmar Thorbjörnsson | Iceland | 10.9 | |
| 5 | Nikolaos Georgopoulos | Greece | 11.0 | |
| 6 | Moustafa Abdel Kader | Egypt | 11.2 | |
| 7 | James Roberts | Liberia | 11.2 | |

### Quarterfinal

The top three runners in each of the four heats advanced to the semifinals.

#### Quarterfinal 1

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Horacio Esteves | Venezuela | 10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Tom Robinson | Bahamas | 10.6 | Q |
| 3 | Ray Norton | United States | 10.6 | Q |
| 4 | Jocelyn Delecour | France | 10.7 | |
| 5 | Edward Jefferys | South Africa | 10.7 | |
| 6 | Edvīns Ozoliņš | Soviet Union | 10.7 | |
| 7 | Heinz Müller | Switzerland | 10.8 | |

#### Quarterfinal 2

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Armin Hary | United Team of Germany | 10.2 | Q, OR |
| 2 | Dave Sime | United States | 10.3 | Q |
| 3 | Marian Foik | Poland | 10.4 | Q |
| 4 | Dennis Johnson | British West Indies | 10.4 | |
| 5 | Carl Fredrik Bunæs | Norway | 10.5 | |
| 6 | Yuriy Konovalov | Soviet Union | 10.5 | |
| 7 | Sitiveni Moceidreke | Fiji | 10.7 | |

#### Quarterfinal 3

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Frank Budd | United States | 10.4 | Q |
| 2 | Enrique Figuerola | Cuba | 10.4 | Q |
| 3 | David Jones | Great Britain | 10.5 | Q |
| 4 | Erasmus Amukun | Uganda | 10.6 | |
| 5 | Claude Piquemal | France | 10.6 | |
| 6 | Gusman Kosanov | Soviet Union | 10.7 | |
| 7 | Santiago Plaza | Mexico | 10.8 | |

#### Quarterfinal 4

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Harry Jerome | Canada | 10.4 | Q |
| 2 | Peter Radford | Great Britain | 10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Seraphino Antao | Kenya | 10.4 | Q |
| 4 | Abdoulaye Seye | France | 10.4 | |
| 5 | Lloyd Murad | Venezuela | 10.8 | |
| 6 | Rafael Romero | Venezuela | 11.1 | |

### Semifinals

The top three runners in each of the two semifinals advanced to the final.

#### Semifinal 1

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Peter Radford | Great Britain | 10.4 | Q |
| 2 | Enrique Figuerola | Cuba | 10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Frank Budd | United States | 10.5 | Q |
| 4 | Marian Foik | Poland | 10.5 | |
| 5 | Tom Robinson | Bahamas | 10.5 | |
| - | Harry Jerome | Canada | DNF | |

#### Semifinal 2

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Armin Hary | United Team of Germany | 10.3 | Q |
| 2 | Dave Sime | United States | 10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Ray Norton | United States | 10.4 | Q |
| 4 | David Jones | Great Britain | 10.4 | |
| 5 | Horacio Esteves | Venezuela | 10.5 | |
| 6 | Seraphino Antao | Kenya | 10.6 | |

### Final

Armin Hary and Dave Sime tied the Olympic record.
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| | Armin Hary | United Team of Germany | 10.2 | =OR |
| | Dave Sime | United States | 10.2 | =OR |
| | Peter Radford | Great Britain | 10.3 | |
| 4 | Enrique Figuerola | Cuba | 10.3 | |
| 5 | Frank Budd | United States | 10.3 | |
| 6 | Ray Norton | United States | 10.4 | |
* Wind speed = -0.0 m/s