OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Letter to a Hindu

"A Letter to a Hindu" (also known as "A Letter to a Hindoo") was a letter written by Leo Tolstoy to Tarak Nath Das on 14 December 1908. The letter was written in response to two letters sent by Das, seeking support from the Russian author and thinker for India's independence from colonial rule. The letter was published in the Indian newspaper Free Hindustan.
The letter caused the young Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to write to Tolstoy to ask for advice and for permission to reprint the Letter in Gandhi's own South African newspaper, Indian Opinion, in 1909. Gandhi was living in South Africa at the time and just beginning his activist career. He then translated the letter himself, from the original English copy sent to India, into his native Gujarati.
It took Tolstoy "seven months, 29 drafts, and 413 manuscript pages" to prepare the 6,000-word letter. This considerable effort on the part of Tolstory may point to the historical significance of the document.
In "A Letter to a Hindu", Tolstoy argued that only through the principle of love could the Indian people gain independence from colonial rule. Tolstoy saw the law of love espoused in all the world's religions, and he argued that the individual, nonviolent application of the law of love in the form of protests, strikes and other forms of peaceful resistance were the only alternative to violent revolution. These ideas ultimately proved to be successful in 1947 in the culmination of the Indian independence movement.
In this letter, Tolstoy mentions the works of Swami Vivekananda; he also quotes the teachings of Krishna and Jesus. This letter, along with Tolstoy's views, preaching, and his 1894 book The Kingdom of God Is Within You, helped to form Mohandas Gandhi's views about nonviolent resistance.
The letter introduced Gandhi to the ancient Tamil moral literature the Tirukkuṟaḷ, which Tolstoy referred to as 'Hindu Kural'. Gandhi then took to studying the Kural while in prison.
# Saint Gabhran

Saint Gabhran was a 5th-century Irish saint.

## Biography

Gabhran was an Irish Christian saint who lived about 460 AD. His father was Dubthach maccu Lughair, the Chief Ollam of Ireland. Gabhran's brothers were all saints and founders of churches, mainly in Leinster. They included Fachtna of Kiltoom, Trian, Saint Euhel, Moninne, Lonan and Saint Molaisse Mac Lugair.
The Martyrology of Donegal gives Gabhran's feast-day as 14 November as follows- “The three sons of Dubhthach, i.e., Fachtna of Cill-Toma, Gabhran and Euhel, the other two.”
The Martyrology of Gorman (Félire Uí Gormáin), for the same day gives- “Dear are the pure-formed, three godly sons of Dubthach”.
# Thomas Birtles

Thomas James Denton Birtles (26 October 1886 – 13 January 1971) was an English footballer who played in The Football League with Barnsley, and he was later a first-class cricketer who played for Yorkshire County Cricket Club between 1913 and 1924.

## Football career

Born in Higham, Barnsley, Yorkshire, England, Birtles first played for Higham Town, and then at 17 years old, in the Football League for Barnsley in the 1903–04 season. After playing in the league for them for three seasons he moved to Southern League side Swindon Town where he made 39 appearances for Swindon in all competitions, scoring 8 goals. and Portsmouth. After his time at Portsmouth, Birtles returned to play in the league for Barnsley in 1910–11.
Later, he played with Rotherham County, Northampton Town and finally at Doncaster Rovers, who were at that time in the Midland League.

## Cricket career

He was a right-handed batsman who scored 876 runs at 19.04, with a best of 104 against Lancashire in the Roses Match played at Bramall Lane, Sheffield, in July 1914. Promoted to open the innings in Yorkshire's second innings, his century was by far the highest score of a drawn match. He also bowled six overs in his career without success.
He played for Barnsley Cricket Club for twenty years, and was also coach at Gresham's School, Holt, Norfolk. In 1913, he headed the Yorkshire 2nd XI batting averages with 413 runs at 51.61.
Birtles died in Attenborough, Nottinghamshire, in January 1971.
# Chapter Three

Chapter Three refers to a third chapter in a book.
Chapter Three, Chapter 3, or Chapter III may also refer to:

## Music
### Albums

* Chapter III (Agathodaimon album), 2003
* Chapter III (Allure album), 2004
* Chapter 3 (Queensberry album)
* Chapter 3 (g.o.d album)
* Chapter 3: The Flesh, a 2005 album by Syleena Johnson

### Songs

* "Chapter III", a song from Revelations, a 1982 album by Killing Joke

## Television

* "Chapter 3" (American Horror Story)
* "Chapter 3" (Eastbound & Down)
* "Chapter 3" (House of Cards)
* "Chapter 3" (Legion)
* "Chapter 3" (Star Wars: Clone Wars), an episode of Star Wars: Clone Wars
* "Chapter 3" (Uncoupled)
* "Chapter 3: The Sin", an episode of The Mandalorian
* "Chapter 3: The Streets of Mos Espa", an episode of The Book of Boba Fett
* "Chapter 3: Survivors", an episode of A Murder at the End of the World
* "Chapter Three" (Boston Public)
* "Chapter Three: Body Double", an episode of Riverdale
* "Chapter Three: Free Scones", an episode of Special
* "Chapter Three: Make the Unsafe Choice", an episode of Barry
* "Chapter Three: The Trial of Sabrina Spellman", an episode of Chilling Adventures of Sabrina
* "Chapter Three: What Becomes of the Broken Hearted", an episode of Katy Keene
* Episodes of Stranger Things:
** "Chapter Three: Holly, Jolly", season 1
** "Chapter Three: The Pollywog", season 2
** "Chapter Three: The Case of the Missing Lifeguard", season 3
** "Chapter Three: The Monster and the Superhero", season 4

## Other uses

* Schism of the Three Chapters and Three-Chapter Controversy a sharp disagreement in sixth century Christianity
* K.G.F: Chapter 3, a 2024 Indian Kannada-language action film
* Chapter III Court
* Chapter III of the United Nations Charter
* Chapter Three of Part V of the Constitution of India, regarding the legislative powers of the President
* Chapter Three of Part VI of the Constitution of India, establishing state legislatures of India
* Chapter Three of Part XII of the Constitution of India, regarding property, contracts and suits
* Chapter Three of Part XVII of the Constitution of India, official languages of the Supreme Court and High Courts
# Sunflower (Paul Weller song)

"Sunflower" is a song by British singer-songwriter Paul Weller, released in July 1993 by Go! Discs as the first single from his second solo album, Wild Wood (1993). The song was written by Weller and co-produced by him with Brendan Lynch. It peaked at No. 16 on the UK Singles Chart upon its release.

## Critical reception

Adam Higginbotham from Select complimented the song as "ace". Uncut magazine called "Sunflower" a "shaggy, psychedelic exocet", placing it 23rd in its list of Weller's 30 best songs. The Guardian ranked it at number 11 in its list of Weller's top 30 tracks, stating that "more than any song, (it) set Weller's course in the 90s", and describing it as "a twitchy cocktail of Low Spark of High Heeled Boys-era Traffic and soul".

## Track listings

* CD and 12-inch single
* "Sunflower"
* "Kosmos SXDub 2000"
* "Bull-Rush/Magic Bus" (live at the Royal Albert Hall, London, October 1992)
* "That Spiritual Feeling" (new mix)
* 7-inch, cassette, and mini-CD single
* "Sunflower"
* "Bull-Rush/Magic Bus" (live at the Royal Albert Hall, London, October 1992)

## Charts

| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) | 62 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 16 |
| UK Airplay (Music Week) | 29 |
# Brunkebergsåsen

Brunkebergsåsen was an esker that once reached over much of Stockholm's Norrmalm district. Geologically, it is a part of the much larger Stockholmsåsen. It formed a considerable obstacle to traffic, effectively dividing Norrmalm into a western and an eastern part. Consequently, most of it has been dug away over the centuries to make room for the development of that district. The pedestrian tunnel Brunkebergstunneln and, since the 1910s, the eastern part of Kungsgatan cut through Brunkebergsåsen's southern part. Conspicuous remnants of the esker can be seen in the vicinity of Johannes kyrka, at Observatorielunden, and Vanadislunden.
# John Harrison (died 1669)

Sir John Harrison (c. 1590 – 28 September 1669) of Balls Park, Hertfordshire was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1640 and 1669. He supported the Royalist side in the English Civil War.

## Public life

Harrison was born in Lancaster, the 12th son of a yeoman, and went to London in 1611 at the age of 22. He was one of the first to suggest the position of commissioner of the customs and was given that post.
Harrison was elected MP for Scarborough in 1628. In April 1640, he was elected member of parliament for Lancaster in the Short Parliament. He was then elected for Lancaster in November 1640 for the Long Parliament.
He built Balls Park House in Hertford between 1637 and 1640 and was knighted in 1641. He supported the king during the Civil War and was disabled from sitting in September 1643. He suffered greatly from his loyalty, being fined £10,745. After the Restoration, Harrison was elected MP for Lancaster again in 1661 for the Cavalier Parliament and held the seat until his death in 1669. He served as a gentleman of the Privy Chamber from 1664 until his death.

## Private life

Harrison died at the age of 80, at Balls Park, Hertford and was buried at All Saints' Church, Hertford.
He had married, firstly, Margaret Fanshawe, daughter of Robert Fanshawe, by whom he had three sons, all of whom predeceased him, and two daughters, and, secondly, Mary Shotbolt, daughter of Philip Shotbolt, by whom he had a son and a daughter. His elder daughter Ann by his first wife married Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1st Baronet ambassador to Spain. He was survived by his three daughters and his youngest son, the only son of his second marriage, Richard Harrison (1646–1726), who succeeded him at Balls Park and was also the member of parliament for Lancaster.
His descendants included Audrey Etheldreda Harrison and George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend.
# Lai Kai Cheuk

Lai Kai Cheuk (Chinese: 賴啟卓; Jyutping: laai$^6$ kai$^2$ coek$^3$, born 5 July 1977, Hong Kong) is a former Hong Kong professional footballer who played as a centre back or a defensive midfielder.
# Peckham Rock

Peckham Rock, also called Wall Art, is a 2005 artwork by British street artist Banksy, in the form of a lump of concrete decorated in the style of a cave painting and depicting "a supposed prehistoric figure pushing a shopping trolley". It was originally displayed in the British Museum, without the knowledge of the museum staff, after being installed there by Banksy.

## Original installation

Peckham Rock is a piece of concrete, approximately 15 cm × 25 cm, supposedly sourced from Peckham but actually from Hackney. It depicts a buffalo, pierced by arrows, and a "lumbering hominin-like figure" pushing a shopping trolley.
In a 2005 art intervention, Banksy clandestinely attached the rock to a wall in the "Roman Britain" collection of the British Museum, with a placard in the style of the museum with the title "Wall art" that dated the piece to the "post catatonic era" and credited it to a little-known artist named "Banksymus Maximus".
The work went undiscovered for "several days", with later sources giving more specific but inconsistent amounts of time ranging from "three days", to "weeks". It was not the first such installation by Banksy; in 2003, he similarly hung a painting in the Tate, and earlier in 2005, he installed a fake beetle in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

## Subsequent exhibits

After Peckham Rock was removed from the British Museum's walls, it was re-exhibited in 2005 at the Outside Institute in London, listed as on loan from Banksy and the British Museum.
Banksy stated that he did not intend to retrieve Peckham Rock, and the British Museum wrote at the time that they were accepting it "as a donation to its collections". However, it was eventually labelled as "lost property" and returned to Banksy. The only Banksy work actually in the museum's permanent collection is a counterfeit ten-pound note featuring Princess Diana.
Peckham Rock returned to public display in the British Museum in 2018, on loan from Banksy, for an exhibit on protest art titled "I object".
# Only Deaf Is Real

Only Deaf is Real is a live album by thrash metal band Toxic Holocaust. The release of this album was limited to 500 copies.
# Orthogonal (series)

Orthogonal is a science fiction trilogy by Australian author Greg Egan taking place in a universe where, rather than three dimensions of space and one of time, there are four fundamentally identical dimensions. While the characters in the novels always perceive three of the dimensions as space and one as time, this classification depends entirely on their state of motion, and the dimension that one observer considers to be time can be seen as a purely spatial dimension by another observer.
The plot involves the inhabitants of a planet that comes under threat from a barrage of high-velocity meteors known as 'hurtlers', who launch a generation ship that exploits the distinctive relativistic effects present in this universe which allow far more time to elapse on the ship than passes on the home world, in order for the ship's inhabitants to have enough time to develop the technology needed to protect the planet. The three novels deal with a succession of increasingly advanced scientific discoveries, as well as a number of radical social changes in the culture of the generation ship's passengers.
Technically, the space-time of the universe portrayed in the novels has a positive-definite Riemannian metric, rather than a pseudo-Riemannian metric, which is the kind that describes our own universe.
The Orthogonal trilogy consists of the novels The Clockwork Rocket (published in 2011), The Eternal Flame (published in 2012) and The Arrows of Time (published in 2013).

## Footnotes

* ↑ Greg Egan. "Plus, Minus: A Gentle Introduction to the Physics of Orthogonal". Retrieved 17 May 2012.
* ↑ Greg Egan (2011-07-01). The Clockwork Rocket. Night Shade. ISBN 9781597802277.
* ↑ Greg Egan (2011-09-11). The Clockwork Rocket. Gollancz. ISBN 9780575095151.
* ↑ "Title: The Clockwork Rocket". Retrieved 2023-12-27.
* ↑ Greg Egan (2012-08-26). The Eternal Flame. Night Shade. ISBN 9781597802932.
* ↑ Greg Egan (2013-08-08). The Eternal Flame. Gollancz. ISBN 9780575105737.
* ↑ "Title: The Eternal Flame". Retrieved 2023-12-27.
* ↑ Greg Egan (2013-11-21). The Arrows of Time. Gollancz. ISBN 9780575105799.
* ↑ Greg Egan (2014-08-05). The Arrows of Time. Night Shade. ISBN 9781597804875.
* ↑ "Title: The Arrows of Time". Retrieved 2023-12-27.
# Bichunmoo

Bichunmoo (Korean: 비천무; RR: Bicheonmu) is a 2000 South Korean martial arts fantasy drama film written and directed by Kim Young-jun and featuring Shin Hyun-joon, Kim Hee-sun, and Jung Jin-young. At the time of its release, it was the most expensive film in Korean history (it was supplanted in 2001 by Musa).
The film was based on a 1986 manhwa (Korean comic) called Bichunmoo (The Dance in the Sky) by Kim Hye-rin.

## Plot

In 12th-century China/Goryeo, during Mongol rule, childhood sweethearts Jinha and Sullie are later separated at adolescence but vow to re-unite, despite Sullie telling Jinha of her father's arrangement of marriage.
Orphan Jinha begins training in the Bichun martial arts (taught by his apparent aging uncle) and discovers his father was a noble swordsman of a renowned House, murdered by the Mongol army, led by Korean rivals seeking the secrets of the Bichun martial arts. As told by his dying uncle, who at his death bed reveals his true identity as one his father's guards, Kwakjung, suffering from a wound by assassins.
Meanwhile, Sullie's father, a Mongol general, arranges for her to marry a Mongol noble. Believing Jinha to be shot dead by arrows, after he is found to be both the heir of the rival house and a rival to her future suitor, Sullie marries the noble.
After his rescue by a fisherman and recovering from near-death, Jinha takes on the persona of bandit Jahalang, and begins an anti-Mongol crusade with the help of his rebel army of Bichun warriors. After multiple successes across the kingdom, Jinha personally ambushes and kills the aging Mongol general in a ritual execution, as revenge for being one of those behind the plot against his family.
Finally Jin-ha and Sullie are re-united, when Jinha's bandit warriors infiltrate Sullie's family manor.the

## Cast

* Shin Hyun-joon as Yu Jinha
* Kim Hee-sun as Sullie
* Jung Jin-young as Namgung Junkwang
* Jang Dong-Jik as Lai
* Choi Yoo-jung as Yeojin
* Gi Ju-bong as Kwakjung
* Bang Hyep as Namgung Sung
* Kim Hak-cheol as Taruga
* Kim Soo-ro as Ashin
* Lee Han-gal as Changryun
* Seo Tae-hwa as Saijune

## Production

Bichunmoo was shot entirely in China, with a Hong Kong–based martial arts director.

## Criticism

In spite of its financial success, the film was heavily criticized on its initial release in Korea, primarily due to its alleged disloyalty to the comic book on which it was based. Another argument given against the film was the casting choice of Kim Hee-sun, who was perceived as being too modern for a period swordplay film.

## Reception

Alan Morrison of Empire called Bichunmoo a "Top-notch martial arts action".
# 1889–90 Netherlands Football League Championship

The Netherlands Football League Championship 1889–1890 was contested by seven teams from the cities Amsterdam, The Hague, Haarlem and Rotterdam. The teams participated in the competition that would later be called Eerste Klasse West. But since the western football district of the Netherlands was the only one to have a competition at the time, it could be regarded as a national championship. Koninklijke HFC from Haarlem won the championship, however this championship was not official, since the teams had not played an equal number of matches.

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Koninklijke HFC | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 19 | 14 | +5 | 11 | |
| 2 | RAP | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 5 | +2 | 10 | |
| 3 | HVV Den Haag | 8 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 16 | 7 | +9 | 9 | |
| 4 | Olympia Rotterdam | 7 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 8 | |
| 5 | VV Concordia | 7 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | −2 | 6 | |
| 6 | VVA | 5 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 8 | −6 | 2 | Not participating next season |
| 7 | Excelsior Haarlem | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 13 | −8 | 2 | Not participating next season |

## Results

| Home \ Away | CON | EXC | HFC | HVV | OLY | RAP | VVA |
| VV Concordia | | – | 0–1 | – | 3–1 | 0–1 | 1–0 |
| Excelsior Haarlem | 3–0 | | – | – | – | – | – |
| Koninklijke HFC | | 6–1 | | 2–6 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 5–1 |
| HVV Den Haag | 1–1 | 7–1 | 1–1 | | 0–0 | 0–1 | – |
| Olympia Rotterdam | 0–0 | – | – | 1–1 | | 1–0 | – |
| RAP | – | – | 1–2 | 0–0 | 1–2 | | 1–0 |
| VVA | – | – | 1–1 | – | – | 0–0 | |
# 1893–94 Netherlands Football League Championship

The Netherlands Football League Championship 1893–1894 was contested by six teams from the cities Amsterdam, The Hague, Haarlem, Rotterdam and Wageningen. The teams participated in the competition that would later be called Eerste Klasse West. But since the western football district of the Netherlands was the only one to have a competition at the time, it could be regarded as a national championship. This was also the reason that Go Ahead Wageningen participated, as they would later play in the eastern division. RAP Amsterdam won the championship.

## New entrants

* Go Ahead Wageningen
* Sparta Rotterdam

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | RAP | 10 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 27 | 8 | +19 | 16 | |
| 2 | Koninklijke HFC | 10 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 31 | 13 | +18 | 14 | |
| 3 | HVV Den Haag | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 20 | 20 | 0 | 13 | |
| 4 | Sparta Rotterdam | 10 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 14 | 24 | −10 | 9 | |
| 5 | Go Ahead Wageningen | 10 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 16 | 22 | −6 | 6 | |
| 6 | Victoria Rotterdam | 10 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 9 | 30 | −21 | 2 | Not participating next season |
# Light It Up (Marcus & Martinus song)

"Light It Up" is a song by Norwegian pop duo Marcus & Martinus, featuring vocals from Samantha J. The song was released as a digital download in Norway on 29 July 2016 through Sony Music as the fourth single from their second studio album Together (2016). The song peaked at number 9 on the Norwegian Singles Chart and number 23 on the Swedish Singles Chart.

## Music video

A video to accompany the release of "Light It Up" was first released onto YouTube on 29 August 2016 at a total length of three minutes and twelve seconds.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Light It Up" :
| Chart (2016) | Peak position |
| Norway (VG-lista) | 9 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 23 |

## Release history

Release history and formats for "Light It Up" :
| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| Norway | 29 July 2016 | Digital download | Sony Music |
# Łukasz Kopka

Łukasz Kopka (born 3 January 1996) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for IV liga Pomerania club Grom Nowy Staw.

## Senior career

Kopka began his career with Lechia Gdańsk. Having progressed through the youth teams Kopka joined the Lechia's second team, playing a total of 12 games for the team. In 2015, he moved on a season-long loan to Legionovia Legionowo where he scored his first professional goal. After his loan, he made a permanent move to ŁKS Łódź, with whom he played for the 2016–17 season. After the season, Kopka moved once again, this time joining GKS Przodkowo. In March 2018, he was released from his contract with Przodkowo and moved to play in the Swedish lower leagues, firstly with Värmbols FC in 2018 before joining Assyriska FF in 2019.
In 2020, Kopka returned to Poland joining Concordia Elbląg. During a 4-season stint with the club, Kopka made a minimum of 73 league appearances scoring 15 goals. During the winter break in 2024, Kopka joined Grom Nowy Staw.

## Honours

Concordia Elbląg
* IV liga Warmia-Masuria: 2021–22
* Polish Cup (Warmia-Masuria regionals): 2020–21, 2022–23
Grom Nowy Staw
* Polish Cup (Pomerania regionals): 2023–24
# Marco Antonio Gama

Marco Antonio Gama Basarte (born 18 October 1970) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party. He served as Deputy of the LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing San Luis Potosí, and previously served in the LV Legislature of the Congress of San Luis Potosí.
# Mike Argento

Mike Argento (born August 17, 1958) is an American columnist and reporter. He has been the columnist since 1989 as a night cops reporter. In the Kitzmiller v. Dover trial in 2004 and 2005, Argento's columns on the trial were cited by most media coverage of Kitzmiller v. Dover, including every book about the case. He is a past president of the National Society of Newspaper Columnists.

## Biography

Argento obtained his degree from Penn State with a degree in humanities. Upon graduating, he began working at a weekly newspaper, quit, then worked for another similar weekly newspaper.
Aside from writing, Argento spends his free time playing the guitar. He is a member of a band called JCFisher who play eclectic indie music. The band does a country version of the song "I Wanna Be Sedated".
Argento is married to his wife Cine Martinez-Argento and together the two live in York County, Pennsylvania. They have two dogs. One is a greyhound, named Lester, and the other is a mixed terrier named Shmuley. They have a number of cats named Crazy Ass and Crazy Ass Jr. Jr and also a large lizard.

## Awards and honors

He won best columnist (under 100k) award in 1998, the same year he won first place in the American Association of Sunday and Features Writers national features writing contest. In 1989, he was a featured writer.

## Novels

* Don't Be Cruel