# Modalen

Modalen is a municipality in the Nordhordland district in the central part of Vestland county in Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Mo. The other main village in the municipality is Øvre Helland. Most of the residents of Modalen live in the main Modalen valley which extends eastwards from the end of the Romarheimsfjorden.
The small population, combined with a large income from hydro-electric power production, has given the municipality the ability to give all its residents free wireless internet access in the municipality. They also were the first Norwegian municipality to buy a computer for all students in the municipality in 1993.
The 412-square-kilometre (159 sq mi) municipality is the 236th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Modalen is the 355th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 380 (making it the second smallest municipality in Norway after Utsira). The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.8% over the previous 10-year period.

## General information

The parish of Modalen was separated from the old municipality of Hosanger on 1 January 1910 to become a separate municipality. Initially, the municipality had 821 residents. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the middle part of the Eksingedalen valley (population: 151) was transferred from Modalen to the municipality of Vaksdal. Also on that date, the Nipo, Dyrkolbotn, and Eitrdalen farm areas (population: 12), located north of the village of Romarheim, were transferred from Modalen to the neighboring municipality of Lindås.

### Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Mo farm (Old Norse: Mór) since the first Mo Church was built there in the Middle Ages. The first element is mór which means "heath" or "moor". The last element, dalen, was added later and it is derived from the old word dalr which means "valley" or "dale".

### Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 2 November 1984. The official blazon is "Vert, three spades palewise two and one argent" (Norwegian: På græn grunn tre kvite spadar, 2-1). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a set of three spades aligned vertically with the center one sitting lower than the others. The charge has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The spades are a symbol for the agriculture and sand digging in the municipality, which historically were of great importance. The arms were designed by Egil Korsnes. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.

### Churches

The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Modalen. It is part of the Nordhordland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.
Churches in Modalen :
| Parish (sokn) | Church name | Location of the church | Year built |
| Mo | Mo Church | Mo | 1883 |

## Government

Modalen Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Nordhordland District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.

### Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Modalen is made up of 13 representatives that are elected every four years. Modalen is the only municipality in Norway that has a non-partisan council, so all representatives run on local lists rather than by party. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council.
Modalen kommunestyre 2023–2027 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Samlingslista (Common List) | 6 |
| | Solrenningslista (Sunrise List) | 7 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 13 |
Modalen kommunestyre 2019–2023 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Samlingslista (Common List) | 7 |
| | Solrenningslista (Sunrise List) | 6 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 13 |
Modalen kommunestyre 2015–2019 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Samlingslista (Common List) | 6 |
| | Solrenningslista (Sunrise List) | 7 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 13 |
Modalen kommunestyre 2011–2015 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Samlingslista (Common List) | 7 |
| | Solrenningslista (Sunrise List) | 6 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 13 |
Modalen kommunestyre 2007–2011 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Samlingslista (Common List) | 5 |
| | Solrenningslista (Sunrise List) | 8 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 13 |
Modalen kommunestyre 2003–2007 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Samlingslista (Common List) | 8 |
| | Solrenningslista (Sunrise List) | 5 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 13 |
Modalen kommunestyre 1999–2003 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Common Election List (Flertallsvalg) | 13 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 13 |

### Mayors

The mayors (Nynorsk: ordførar) of Modalen (incomplete list):
* 2003–2015: Knut Moe (LL)
* 2015–2019: Tom Kristian Thorsen (LL)
* 2019–2023: Kjetil Eikefet (LL)
* 2023-present: Linda Neset (LL)

## Population

Historical population :
| Year | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1946 | 1951 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2023 |
| Pop. | 821 | 779 | 729 | 713 | 627 | 544 | 295 | 313 | 340 | 354 | 344 | 388 | 380 |
| ±% p.a. | — | −0.52% | −0.66% | −0.14% | −2.54% | −1.57% | −5.94% | +0.59% | +0.83% | +0.40% | −0.29% | +1.21% | −0.69% |
| Note: The municipal borders were changed in 1964, causing a significant change in the population. Source: Statistics Norway and Norwegian Historical Data Centre ||||||||||||||

## Geography

Modalen municipality sits in the central part of Vestland county. It surrounds the innermost part of the Romarheimsfjorden (which is also called the Mofjorden) and the Modalen valley which extends eastwards from the end of the fjord. Both sides of the valley are mountainous, so the municipality is quite isolated with only two roads connecting it to the outside world. Both roads were constructed fairly recently, before that time, the municipality was only accessible by boat or crossing mountains on foot. The Modalen Tunnel was built in 1976 and it connects this valley to the Eksingedalen valley to the south. The other road was finished in 1996, and it follows the fjord heading west to Lindås.
The Modalen valley centers around the river Moelva. The lake Steinslandsvatnet, in the central part of the municipality, is the headwaters of the river. The high mountains that surround the valley provide many sources of hydroelectric power such as the lake Skjerjavatnet.
Modalen borders the municipality of Høyanger to the north and the municipality of Vik to the east, Vaksdal to the south, and Alver and Masfjorden to the west.

## History
### The Modalen project

In 2001 Modalen got a 2-megabit broadband connection. The idea was to make Modalen the world's first fully-connected wireless broadband community. Modalen was the first community to undergo an all-broadband project as part of an effort by the Norwegian government to achieve full broadband coverage nationwide by 2004.

## Notable people

* Andres Lavik (1852–1941), a farmer, politician, and mayor of Modalen in 1910
* Olav Nygard (1884 in Modalen – 1924), a poet
* Johannes Moe (born 1926 in Modalen), an engineer and research administrator