OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 993

Year 993 (CMXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* Spring – The 12-year-old King Otto III gives the Sword of Saints Cosmas and Damian (also known as the Sword of Essen) as a gift to the convent in Essen. It symbolises the martyrdom of Cosmas and Damian, the patron saints of the city.
* Charles, duke of Lower Lorraine, dies in prison in Orléans (see 991). He is succeeded by his son Otto II, who inherits the full dukedom and pledges his allegiance to Otto III.

### By topic
#### Religion

* July 4 – Pope John XV issues a decree canonizing the late Bishop Ulrich of Augsburg, the first recorded canonization of a saint.

#### Astronomy

* An increase in $^{14}$ C concentration, recorded in tree rings, as well as $^{36}$ Cl and $^{10}$ Be isotopes, recorded in ice cores, suggests that a strong solar storm may have hit the Earth in either 993 or 994.

## Births

* Majd al-Dawla, Buyid emir of Rayy (d. 1029)
* Samuel ibn Naghrillah, Spanish Talmudic scholar
* Sultan al-Dawla, Buyid emir of Fars (d. 1024)

## Deaths

* March 13 – Odo I, German nobleman
* October 19 – Conrad I, king of Burgundy
* December 9 – Egbert, archbishop of Trier
* Arnulf (or Aernout), count of Friesland
* Borrell II, count of Barcelona and Urgell
* Charles, duke of Lower Lorraine (b. 953)
* David II, prince of Tao-Klarjeti (Georgia)
* Landenulf II, Lombard prince of Capua
* Maelcairearda, king of Uí Briúin (Ireland)
* Minamoto no Masanobu, Japanese nobleman (b. 920)
* William I, French nobleman (b. 950)
# Ernst Cohn-Wiener

Ernst Cohn-Wiener (1882–1941) was a German historian of Islamic art. Born in the city of Tilsit, he studied the history of art, archaeology, and philosophy in Berlin and Heidelberg from 1902 to 1906. He received his PhD from Heidelberg in 1907. In the 1920s his interest turned to Islamic art history and he resolved to explore the monuments of Central Asia, a little-known field at the time. After expeditions in 1924 and 1925, he published Turan: Islamische Baukunst in Mittelasien. In 1933 Cohn-Wiener lost his position due to the anti-Semitic policies of the Nazis and he emigrated with his wife to India where he was employed by the Maharaja of Baroda. In 1939 emigrated to the USA where he died in 1941.
Cohn-Wiener's photographic archive was acquired by the British Museum in 1998 from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. The Museum's archive consists of 868 images, primarily glass negatives.
# Peace Efih

Peace Ewomazino Efih (born 5 August 2000) is a Nigerian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Greek A Division club OFI and the Nigeria women's national team. She previously played for Edo Queens and Rivers Angels in the Nigeria Women Premier League. At the 2018 WAFU Zone B Women's Cup, Efih scored the lone goal in Nigeria's first game at the tournament.
In July 2019, Efih signed for Sporting de Huelva on a year deal.
# Three Waters Mountain

Three Waters Mountain (11,685 ft (3,562 m)) is located in the northern Wind River Range in the U.S. state of Wyoming. Three Waters Mountain straddles the Continental Divide and is in both Bridger-Teton and Shoshone National Forests. The mountain receives its name from being the triple point between the watersheds of the Colorado, Columbia, and Mississippi Rivers.

## Hazards

Encountering bears is a concern in the Wind River Range. There are other concerns as well, including bugs, wildfires, adverse snow conditions and nighttime cold temperatures.
Importantly, there have been notable incidents, including accidental deaths, due to falls from steep cliffs (a misstep could be fatal in this class 4/5 terrain) and due to falling rocks, over the years, including 1993, 2007 (involving an experienced NOLS leader), 2015 and 2018. Other incidents include a seriously injured backpacker being airlifted near SquareTop Mountain in 2005, and a fatal hiker incident (from an apparent accidental fall) in 2006 that involved state search and rescue. The U.S. Forest Service does not offer updated aggregated records on the official number of fatalities in the Wind River Range.
# Charles Eager

Charles Eager (July 1883 – 17 November 1948) was a South African cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Border in 1906/07.
# Ville Vainikainen

Ville Vainikainen (born January 26, 1994) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for SaiPa of the Finnish Liiga.
Vainikainen made his Liiga debut playing with SaiPa during the 2014-15 Liiga season.
# Hereford Town Hall

Hereford Town Hall is a municipal building in St Owen's Street, Hereford, Herefordshire, England. The building, which is the home of Hereford City Council, is a Grade II* listed building.

## History

The original town hall, also known as the Market Hall, was an ornate timber building in the Tudor style which had been completed in 1620. It was described by Nikolaus Pevsner as "a sight to thrill any visitor from England or abroad. It was the most fantastic black and white building imaginable, three-storeyed, with gables and the richest, most curious decoration." In 1792, the top floor and tower were removed due to concerns about the strength of the timber supporting columns, and the remaining structure was re-roofed and covered with plaster.
The town hall and its adjacent structures were known as Butcher's Row, named after the public market which operated in the open space between the buildings' pillars. In 1862, Butcher's Row was demolished to improve traffic flow. Surviving structures include the similarly-designed Grange Court and Old House.
In the late 19th century, civic leaders decided to procure a new town hall: the site they had selected had been occupied by a row of residential properties. The foundation stone for the new building was laid by Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom on 13 May 1902. It was designed by Henry Cheers in the Edwardian Baroque style, built with terracotta facings by W. J. Bowers and was completed in 1904. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage with seven bays facing onto St Owen's Street with the end bays containing oriel windows below towers with domes; the central section of three bays featured an arched doorway with rusticated columns on the ground floor, mullioned tri-partite windows spanning the first and second floors and an open pediment containing a coat of arms with an oculus above. Internally, the principal rooms were the council chamber and the main assembly hall.
The town hall was the headquarters of Hereford City Council for much of the 20th century and continued to be the local seat of government when Hereford District Council was formed in 1974. Queen Elizabeth II, accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh, visited the town hall and unveiled a plaque on 24 April 1957.
In autumn 1974 the City of Hereford adopted the frigate, HMS Antelope; following the loss of the ship in May 1982 after it came under attack by four Argentine A-4B Skyhawks during the Falklands War, the mast head and other artifacts were recovered from the South Atlantic and displayed in the town hall.
The town hall ceased its local government role when the enlarged Herefordshire Council was formed at Brockington House in Hereford in 1998. However, in April 2000 the town hall became the home of the newly formed Hereford Town Council, which was itself designated Hereford City Council in October 2000. A programme of restoration works to the façade was completed in July 2019.
# 776

Year 776 (DCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 776 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Byzantine Empire

* April 24 – Emperor Leo IV ("the Khazar") appoints his 5-year-old son Constantine VI co-ruler of the Byzantine Empire. This leads to an uprising, led by one of Leo's half-brothers, Caesar Nikephoros, the second son of former emperor Constantine V. The revolt is quickly suppressed. Fortunately for Nikephoros, his only punishment is to be stripped of his titles, while the rest of the conspirators are blinded, tonsured, and exiled to Cherson (southern Crimea) under guard.

#### Europe

* King Charlemagne spends Easter in Treviso (northern Italy), after putting down a rebellion in Friuli and Spoleto. He removes Hrodgaud of Friuli from power, and reforms the duchy as the March of Friuli (military frontier district). Co-conspirators who support the revolt are Arechis II, duke of Benevento, and Adalgis, son of former Lombard king Desiderius. Frankish counts are placed in the cities of Friuli.
* Saxon Wars: The Saxons again revolt against Christianity and Frankish rule. Eresburg falls, but a Saxon assault upon the castle of Syburg fails. Charlemagne hurriedly returns from Italy, launching a counter-offensive which defeats the Saxons. Most of their leaders are summoned to the Lippe at the town of Bad Lippspringe (North Rhine-Westphalia), to submit formally to Charlemagne.

#### Britain

* Battle of Otford: King Egbert II of Kent defeats the Mercians under King Offa (near Otford), and re-asserts himself as ruler of Kent.

## Births

* February – Al-Jahiz, Afro-Muslim scholar and writer (d. 868)
* date unknown – Lu Sui, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 835)
* probable
** Saint George the Standard-Bearer, archbishop (d. 821)
** Bai Xingjian, Chinese poet and writer (d. 826)
** Sahnun ibn Sa'id, Muslim jurist (or 777)
** Tahir ibn Husayn, Muslim governor (or 775)

## Deaths

* date unknown
** Cellach mac Dúnchada, king of Leinster (Ireland)
** Cináed Ciarrge mac Cathussaig, Dál nAraide king
** Flaithniadh mac Congal, abbot of Clonfert
** Hrodgaud, duke of Friuli (Italy)
** Humayd ibn Qahtaba, Muslim military leader
** Nuada ua Bolcain, abbot of Tuam (Ireland)
# Timothy Parsons (sailor)

Timothy Parsons (born 14 February 1952) is a Hong Kong sailor. He competed in the Flying Dutchman event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Ri Jin-sim

Ri Jin-sim (born 29 May 1991,Korean: 리진심) is a North Korean footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for the North Korea women's national football team. She was part of the team at the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup. At the club level, she plays for Wolmido in North Korea.
# Thunderbird Mountain

Thunderbird Mountain (8,805 feet (2,684 m)) is located in the Livingston Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Thunderbird Mountain is situated on the Continental Divide. Thunderbird Glacier is located immediately northeast of the mountain.

## Geology

Like other mountains in Glacier National Park, Thunderbird Mountain is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was initially uplifted beginning 170 million years ago when the Lewis Overthrust fault pushed an enormous slab of precambrian rocks 3 mi (4.8 km) thick, 50 miles (80 km) wide and 160 miles (260 km) long over younger rock of the cretaceous period.
# Ożegów

Ożegów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Siemkowice, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Siemkowice, 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Pajęczno, and 78 km (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Argenteuil (disambiguation)

Argenteuil (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It can also refer to:

## Places

In Canada:
* Argenteuil Regional County Municipality, in southern Quebec
** Argenteuil County, Quebec, an historic county in southwestern Quebec, replaced by above
* Argenteuil—Papineau—Mirabel, a federal electoral district in Quebec
** Argenteuil (electoral district), a former federal electoral district in Quebec, replaced by above
** Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation, the federal riding to replace Argenteuil—Papineau—Mirabel in 2015
* Argenteuil (provincial electoral district), a provincial electoral district in Quebec
* Argenteuil, a historic district in the Province of Canada
* Saint-André-d'Argenteuil, a municipality in the Laurentides region of Quebec
In France:
* Arrondissement of Argenteuil, an arrondissement in the Val-d'Oise Département
** Canton of Argenteuil-1
** Canton of Argenteuil-2
** Canton of Argenteuil-3
* Argenteuil-sur-Armançon, a commune in the Yonne department in Burgundy in north-central France
* Gare d'Argenteuil, a rail station in Argenteuil, Paris
* Les Églises-d'Argenteuil, a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in France
In Belgium:
* A castle near Waterloo, Belgium

## Art

* Several paintings based on or named after Argenteuil, France, including
** Argenteuil (Manet), a painting by Édouard Manet
** Argenteuil Basin with a Single Sailboat, a painting by French Impressionist artist Claude Monet
# Vallicode

Vallicode (pronounced valli-koad) is a village in Pathanamthitta district in Kerala, India. It is situated at about 7 km from the district headquarters of Pathanamthitta at south-east direction.

## Geography

The northern and southern sides of the village are protected by tall hills and a valley emerges in between the hills. The valley, decorated by tall trees and green vegetation descends to the paddy fields at the centre, which is watered by the stream originating from the hills, flowing through the heart of the village, like a life-line and reaches the Achankovil River. Vallicode is a village with temples, valleys, and rivers. It is home to thrikovil temple and home to many malayalee families.

## Post Office

The postal pincode for vallicode is 689648. Do note - Vallicode is not the same as Vallicode-Kottayam though both are pretty adjacent.

## Access

One can reach Vallicode from Pathanamthitta via Kodumthara - Vazhamuttom - Thazhoorkkadavu Bridge. It is only 6 km from Pathanamthitta City.
Alternatively, one can also arrive via Kaipattoor Kadav Junction on the Adoor - Pathanamthitta route.

## Temples

Thrikkovil Sree Padmanabha Swami Kshetram
This temple is supposedly the second of its kind in Kerala, the first being the temple in Thiruvananthapuram.
Thrippara Shiva Kshetram
A temple situated near the river-bed with Lord Shiva as the presiding deity.
Thazhoor Bhagavathi Kshetram
Another Devi temple by the Achankovil River known for their annual Kumba Bharani festival and Kolam thullal dedicated to goddess Kali.
Mampilalil Ayyappa Kshetram
This is an Ayyappa Temple on the south side of the Valllicode.
Puthiyedathukavu Devi Kshetram
Another Devi (Kali) temple in Vallicode
Ammankovil Bhagavathy Temple
This Devi Temple situate the river-bed of Achankovil and near the Bridge of Kaipattoor.
sreekandapuram mahadevar temple Another temple in Vallicode( lord shiva and parvathi devi's temple).
# Laxe

Laxe (Galician pronunciation:; Spanish: Lage) is a northwestern municipality of Spain in the province of A Coruña, in the autonomous community of Galicia. It belongs to the comarca of Bergantiños. It is situated in the sheltered Cabanas bay area, meaning that Laxe's expansive sandy beaches are well-sheltered from Atlantic winds.
Laxe's average temperatures vary greatly, with an average winter-time high of 10-12 celsius, compared to highs of 31-33 celsius in June–July.

## Notable people

* Juana Teresa Juega López (1885-1979), poet
* Anxo Mato commonly known as Anxo, is a Spanish footballer who plays for CF Villanovense as a winger.
# Kye Yong-sun

Kye Yong-sun (계영순) (born 27 March 1972) is a North Korean women's international footballer who plays as a goalkeeper. She is a member of the North Korea women's national football team. She was part of the team at the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup.
# Campo Limpo Paulista

Campo Limpo Paulista is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 85,541 (2020 est.) in an area of 79.4 km$^2$. The elevation is 745 m. The town is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Campo Limpo.

## Media

In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia de Telecomunicações do Estado de São Paulo until 1973, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012.
The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).
# Otwock Wielki

Otwock Wielki (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Karczew, within Otwock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Karczew, 8 km (5 mi) south of Otwock, and 26 km (16 mi) south-east of Warsaw.
# Ragsdale High School

Lucy Ragsdale High School, commonly known as Ragsdale High, is a public high school in Jamestown, North Carolina. Opened in 1959, Ragsdale is one of 26 high schools in Guilford County Schools. The areas that are zoned to Ragsdale's district include areas of northeastern High Point, southeast Jamestown, and the Adams Farm/Sedgefield area of Greensboro. The school's current principal is Noel Keener.

## History

Built in 1959, this school was named after Lucy Coffin Ragsdale, who was an advocate for public school education in Jamestown. In 1962, Ragsdale was accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

## Campus

The High School is an excellent example of postwar functionalist architecture and bears a striking similarity to several other local schools commissioned and built around the same period. Extensive updates were planned for the building. Construction was set to begin in late 2010, but due to insufficient funds from the School Board System, construction was delayed another year. The construction was completed in 2012.

## Athletics

The Ragsdale Tigers compete in the Piedmont-Triad 4-A Conference. Ragsdale fields teams in baseball, basketball, cheerleading, cross country, football, golf, lacrosse, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track (indoor and outdoor), volleyball, and wrestling. Past principal, Dr. Kathryn Rogers, received the Bob Deaton Principal of the Year Award from the NCHSAA's (North Carolina High School Athletic Association) annual meeting in Chapel Hill in early May 2010.

## Curriculum

The school course work ranges from College Placement, Honors, and to Advanced Placement of study. Considering Ragsdale High School is on a "block schedule", most classes are one semester in length. All CP and Honors courses are restricted to one semester, but few AP courses stretch through the entire year. Advanced Placement courses consist of: Calculus AB, Calculus BC, Statistics, U.S. Government and Politics, Psychology, European History, World History, U.S. History, Latin, French, Spanish, English 11, English 12, Biology, Chemistry, Environmental, Art History, Art, and Music Theory.
On August 28, 2019, Ragsdale was awarded the Hubert B. Humphrey Award, which recognizes exemplary improvement in academic improvement in areas such as final exam scores, Career and Technical Education participation, and graduation rates.

## Notable alumni

* Jimmy Armstrong — former NFL cornerback
* Cecil Brockman — politician
* Winston Craig — former NFL defensive tackle
* Mark Dixon — former NFL offensive guard
* Pat McCrory — 53rd mayor of Charlotte and 74th Governor of North Carolina (2013–2017)
* Siri Mullinix — goalie for 2000 U.S. Women's Olympic Soccer Team
* Paul Martin Newby — Chief Justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court (2021–present)
* Larry Ogunjobi — current NFL defensive tackle
* Kasey Redfern — former NFL punter
* Cody Rigsby — Peloton instructor
* Carson Ware — NASCAR Xfinity Series driver
* Cody Ware — NASCAR Cup Series and IMSA WeatherTech Sports Car Series driver
# 552

Year 552 (DLII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 552 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events

* July 11 – the Armenian calendar is introduced.

### By place
#### Byzantine Empire

* July 1 – Battle of Taginae: Narses crosses the Apennines with a Byzantine army (25,000 men). He is blocked by a Gothic force under king Totila near Taginae (Central Italy). In a narrow mountain valley, Narses deploys his army in a "crescent shaped" formation. He dismounts his Lombard and Heruli cavalry mercenaries, placing them as a phalanx in the centre. On his left flank he sends out a mixed force of foot and horse archers to seize a dominant height. The Goths open the battle with a determined cavalry charge. Halted by enfilading fire from both sides, the attackers are thrown back in confusion on the infantry behind them. The Byzantine cataphracts (Clibanarii) sweep into the milling mass. More than 6,000 Goths, including Totila, are killed. The remnants flee, and Narses proceeds to Rome, where he captures the city after a brief siege.
* Emperor Justinian I dispatches a small Byzantine force (2,000 men) under Liberius to Hispania, according to the historian Jordanes. He conquers Cartagena and other cities on the southeastern coast.
* Justinian I receives the first silkworm eggs from two Nestorian monks at Constantinople. They were sent to Central Asia (see 550) and smuggled the precious eggs from China hidden in rods of bamboo.

#### Europe

* Battle of Asfeld: The Lombards under King Audoin defeat the Gepids.
* Cynric, king of Wessex, captures the fortress city of Old Sarum.
* The Roman Catholic Diocese of Meath is established in Ireland.
* Teia becomes the last king of the Ostrogoths in Italy.

#### Asia

* July 11 – First year of the Armenian calendar.
* Yuan Di succeeds Xiao Dong as emperor of the Liang dynasty.
* Bumin Qaghan dies; the new khagan is Issik Qaghan of the Turkic Empire.
* Buddhism in Japan is introduced, according to the Nihon Shoki.

### By topic
#### Industry

* Smuggling of silkworm eggs into the Byzantine Empire by monks allows development of the Byzantine silk industry in the Empire.

#### Religion

* Eutychius becomes patriarch of Constantinople.

## Births

* Æthelberht, king (bretwalda) of Kent (approximate date)
* John the Merciful, patriarch of Alexandria (approximate date)

## Deaths

* February 5 – Dacius, archbishop of Milan
* July 1 – Totila, king of the Ostrogoths
* December 13 – Columba of Terryglass, Irish abbot and saint
* Aba I, patriarch of the Church of the East
* Anicius Maximus, Roman patrician
* Aratius, Armenian general
* Bumin Qaghan, ruler of the Göktürks
* Hou Jing, regent of the Liang dynasty
* Menas, patriarch of Constantinople
* Turismod, prince of the Lombards
* Wang Wei, chief strategist of the Liang dynasty
* Xiao Dong, emperor of the Liang dynasty
* Xiaojing, emperor of Eastern Wei (b. 524)
# Pampas grass

Pampas grass or pampas-grass or Pap's grass is a common name which may refer to any of several similar-looking, tall-growing species of grass:
   * Cortaderia selloana and its selected cultivars
   * Cortaderia jubata (Andean pampas grass, purple pampas grass)
* Erianthus ravennae (syn. Saccharum ravennae) (giant woolly-beard grass, hardy pampas grass, Ravenna grass, ekra)
* Miscanthus sinensis (Japanese pampas grass)