OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rhynia

Rhynia is a single-species genus of Devonian vascular plants. Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was the sporophyte generation of a vascular, axial, free-sporing diplohaplontic embryophytic land plant of the Early Devonian that had anatomical features more advanced than those of the bryophytes. Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was a member of a sister group to all other eutracheophytes, including modern vascular plants.

## Description

Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was first described as a new species by Robert Kidston and William H. Lang in 1917. The species is known only from the Rhynie chert in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, where it grew in the vicinity of a silica-rich hot spring. Rhynia was a vascular plant, and grew in association with other vascular plants such as Asteroxylon mackei, a probable ancestor of modern clubmosses (Lycopsida), and with pre-vascular plants such as Aglaophyton major, which is interpreted as basal to true vascular plants.
Rhynia is thought to have had deciduous lateral branches, which it used to disperse laterally over the substrate and stands of the plant may therefore have been clonal populations.
Evidence of the gametophyte generation of Rhynia has been described in the form of crowded tufts of diminutive stems only a few mm in height, with the form genus name Remyophyton delicatum. Like those of Aglaophyton major, Horneophyton lignieri and Nothia aphylla the gametophytes of Rhynia were dioicous, bearing male and female gametangia (antheridia and archegonia) on different axes. A significant finding is that the axes of the gametophytes were vascular, unlike almost all of the gametophytes of modern pteridophytes except for that of Psilotum.

## Taxonomy

Two species of Rhynia were initially described by R. Kidston and W. H. Lang from the Rhynie chert bed: R. gwynne-vaughnii in 1917, and R. major in 1920. R. gwynne-vaughanii was named by Kidston and Lang in honour of their late friend and colleague, the botanist David Thomas Gwynne-Vaughan.
A study of the vascular tissue of the two by David S. Edwards in 1986 lead to the conclusion that the cell walls of the water-conducting cells of R. major lacked the secondary thickening bars seen in the xylem of R. gwynne-vaughanii, and were more like the water-conducting hydroids of moss sporophytes. His conclusion was that R. gwynne-vaughanii belongs in the vascular plants, while R. major belongs among the bryophytes. Accordingly, he transferred it to a new genus Aglaophyton, leaving R. gwynne-vaughnii as the only known species of Rhynia. Rhynia is the type genus for the rhyniophytes, established as the subdivision Rhyniophytina by Banks, but since treated at various ranks.

## Phylogeny

In 2004, Crane et al. published a cladogram for the polysporangiophytes, in which Rhynia and the other Rhyniaceae are placed as basal vascular plants (tracheophyes).
# Aquilegia ottonis

Aquilegia ottonis is a perennial flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, endemic to Greece.

## Description

Aquilegia ottonis grows to 15–20 cm (5.9–7.9 in) in height, with branching stems and white, cream, pale bluish, or blue-purple flowers, the petals having incurved and slightly hooked nectar spurs which are light violet-blue in colour.

## Taxonomy

Aquilegia ottonis is part of the Aquilegia olympica aggregate, together with Aquilegia olympica itself, Aquilegia dinarica, and Aquilegia champagnatii.
The taxonomy of the species differs between authorities. It was considered by Arne Strid to comprise three subspecies:
* A. ottonis subsp. amaliae (Heldr. ex Boiss.) Strid, now treated in Plants of the World Online as a separate species, Aquilegia amaliae.
* A. ottonis subsp. ottonis Boiss., now often considered a synonym of Aquilegia ottonis rather than a subspecies thereof. Other authorities consider the status of this name unresolved.
* A. ottonis subsp. taygetea (Orph.) Strid, now treated in Plants of the World Online as a separate species, Aquilegia taygetea.
In 2009, Aquilegia vulgaris var. speluncarum Lacaita was reclassified as A. ottonis subsp. speluncarum (Lacaita) Del Guacchio. Both these names are now considered to be synonyms of Aquilegia champagnatii.

### Etymology

Aquilegia ottonis is named after King Otto of Greece, the specific epithet 'ottonis' being the third declension in Latin of 'Otto'.

## Distribution and habitat

Aquilegia ottonis is endemic to Greece, in the vicinity of Mount Aroania in the northern Peloponnese and Mounts Giona and Parnassus on the other side of the Gulf of Corinth in central Greece. It grows in ravines at altitudes of 1,300–1,800 m (4,300–5,900 ft), preferring north-facing slopes.
Records of the species in the Alburni mountains in Italy are now classified as Aquilegia champagnatii, and those in Albania as Aquilegia amaliae.

## Ecology

Aquilegia ottonis flowers from mid-May to the end of July. Based on pollination syndromes, it is thought to be pollinated by bumblebees.

## Conservation

The species has not been assessed for the IUCN Red List. Under IUCN criteria, the species is considered vulnerable to extinction in Greece.
# Badshah Moitra

Badshah Moitra (Bengali: বাদশা মৈত্র; also known as Badshah Maitra) is an Indian actor, who primarily works in Bengali TV soap operas and films.

## Career

Badshah started his career in Bengali theatre and stage. He made his debut in television though Janmabhumi telecasted on DD Bangla. Thereafter, he has performed in numerous roles both as supporting and lead actor in TV soap operas and movies. He is also a supporter of Communist Party of India (Marxist). Beside these, he is very active in social welfare work for the people.

## List of works
### Filmography

* Dhrubor aschoryo jibon (2025)
* Gotro (2019)
* Mukherjee Dar Bou (2019)
* Bristi Tomake Dilam (2019)
* Bhobishyoter Bhoot (2019)
* Nirbhoya (2018)
* Kintu Galpo Noy (2018)
* Aaleya (2018)
* Khirki Theke Singhadwar (2017)
* Black Coffee (Bengali) (2017)
* Raater Rajani Gandha (2016)
* Room No. 103 (2015)
* Troyee (2015)
* Mayabazaar (Bengali) (2012)
* Byatikrami (2003)
* Ekjon Jhumur (2002)

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Channel | Language |
| 2000 - 2005 | Ek Akasher Niche | Bhaskar | Zee Bangla | Bengali |
| 2003-2006 | Neel Seemana | Sports Teacher | Zee Bangla | Bengali |
| 2006 - 2008 | Khela (TV series) | Anirudra | Zee Bangla | Bengali |
| 2009 - 2012 | Bou Kotha Kao | | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2011 | Roilo Pherar Nimontron | Subhojoy / Shubho | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2011 - 2015 | Ishti Kutum | Dhritiman Mukherjee | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2013 - 2015 | Jol Nupur | Binayak Pattanayak | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2014 - 2015 | Byomkesh (TV series) | Dr. Bhujangadhar Das | ETV Bangla | Bengali |
| 2016 - 2018 | Kusum Dola | Late Mrityunjoy Mukherjee aka Badshah | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2017 - 2019 | Seemarekha | Subhranghsu | Zee Bangla | Bengali |
| 2018 - 2019 | Phagun Bou | Nilanjan Dutta | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2018 - 2019 | Ami Sirajer Begum | Mir Jafar | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2019 - 2020 | Khonar Bochon | Varaha | Colors Bangla | Bengali |
| 2020–2021 | Khorkuto | Dr. Sukalyan Chatterjee | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2021 | Dhulokona | Bullet Ganguly | Star Jalsha | Bengali |
| 2022– Present | Ekka Dokka | Soumyadip Bose | Star Jalsha | Bengali |

### Web series

* Sudakshinar Saree (2020) by ZEE5 Originals
# José Ignacio Duarte Murillo

José Ignacio Duarte Murillo (born 9 September 1965) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). In the 2012 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Chihuahua's second district during the 62nd session of Congress.
# Żelisław-Kolonia

Żelisław-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Błaszki, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Błaszki, 22 km (14 mi) west of Sieradz, and 73 km (45 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
# South Korea women's national under-21 field hockey team

The South Korea women's national under-21 field hockey team represents the Republic of Korea (South Korea).

## Tournament record
### Junior World Cup

* 1989 –
* 1993 – 4th
* 1997 – 5th
* 2001 –
* 2005 –
* 2009 –
* 2013 – 11th
* 2016 – 12th
* 2022 – 6th
* 2023 – 11th

### Junior Asia Cup

* 1992 –
* 1996 –
* 2000 –
* 2004 –
* 2008 –
* 2012 –
* 2015 –
* 2021 – Cancelled
* 2023 –
* 2024 -
Source

## Current squad

The squad was announced on 28 February 2022.
Head coach: Hwang Nam-young
* Kim Eun-Ji (GK)
* Kim Hyo-Bi
* Kim Jung-Ju
* Oh You-Min
* An Su-Jin
* Park Yeong-Eun
* Park Mi-Hyang
* Choi Nu-Rim
* Gwon Jug-Yeong (C)
* Son Hyer-Young
* Jung Sung-Hee
* Lee Yu-Jin
* Lee Ji-Won (GK)
* Lee Ju-Yeon
* Ji Yu-Jin
* Kwark Ye-Rang
* Park Yoo-Rim
* Lee Ga-Eun
# Jdeidat Yabous

Jdeidat Yabous (Arabic: جديدة يابوس; also spelled Jdeidet Yabous), previously known as Ainkania, is a village situated 45 kilometres (28 mi) west of Damascus, Syria. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of 994 in the 2004 census.
The village is in the hills, on the border between Syria and Lebanon with Masnaa Border Crossing nearby. Weapons have been seized at the checkpoint, being smuggled from Lebanon concealed in the floor of a truck, to arm rebels in the Syrian civil war.
There are seams of iron ore in the area.

## Ain Qaniya spring and Roman temple

There is a spring and Roman temple in the area called Ain Qaniya or Ayn Qaniya. Julien Aliquot identified the ancient name of the village, which was previously called Ainkania after this spring. A study of the ancient settlement and sanctuary is currently in progress under Ibrahim Omeri. It has been suggested that the goddess Leucothea was worshiped at the temple, which sits in the north east of a group of Temples of Mount Hermon.
# Carribber Castle

Carribber Castle, also known as Carriber Castle or Rob Gibb's Castle, is a ruined castle located near Linlithgow in West Lothian, Scotland.

## Description

It is a 16th-century tower house castle, now ruined. The castle had a number of small buildings and courtyards. A square courtyard to the north is now covered in vegetation. A doorway is present in the west wall, thought to be no earlier than the 17th century. To the south is a rectangular range, possibly originally stables. The remaining walls are only 2.5 feet (0.76 m) feet thick, averaging 8 feet (2.4 m) tall, though are higher in places. The ruin is believed to have been intentionally knocked down.

## History

Rob Gibb (1490–1558) inherited the lands from this father, also called Rob Gibb (sometimes spelled as Gyb), in 1541. The lands subsequently went to John Gibb (c.1550–1628), and then to his son Henry Gibb. It was later passed to the Hays in 1710 and eventually the Blairs of Avonton.
# Ahmed Ben Soueid

Ahmed Ben Soueid (born in Benghazi) is a Libyan professional football player and manager.

## Career

A native of Benghazi, Ben Soueid is one of the best players in the history of Libyan football. Having played his entire career with the team Al-Ahly SC (Benghazi), it is famous for the club in the 1960s, with whom he became the top scorer in its history. During the 1963-1964 and 1964-1965 seasons, he was elected best scorer of the national championship with 19 and 18 goals.
Ben Soueid scored 36 goals for the national team and holds the Libyan record for the most goals in a game, 9, which he hit against Oman in the 1966 Arab Nations Cup.
In 1989, he coached the Libya national football team.
# Thelma Thurstone

Thelma Gwinn Thurstone (December 11, 1897 – February 12, 1993) was an American psychologist.

## Career

After obtaining her master's degree in 1923, Thurstone worked for a year at the Institute for Government Research in Washington, D.C. before moving to Chicago where she worked as a statistician and created psychological tests for the American Council on Education (ACE). Simultaneously, she worked on a doctorate on the topic of test theory, which was submitted in 1926. She then worked with her husband, Louis Leon Thurstone, to create tests for the ACE, write articles and book, and at the Psychometric Laboratory.
In 1948, Thurstone began work as the full-time director of the Division of Child Study for Chicago's public schools. Thelma and Louis moved to North Carolina in 1950, where Thelma accepted a position at the University of North Carolina as a professor in the Department of Education. Following the death of her husband in 1955, Thurstone took over as director of the L. L. Thurstone Psychometric Laboratory for two years. Thurston continued her life-time work in curriculum development and test development that she began in Chicago as part of the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Center at UNC, with Science Research Associates as her publisher, until she retired at the age of 85. Much of her curriculum materials were based on the multi-factor theory of intelligence developed by her and L.L. Thurstone and covered instructional materials covering a range from preschool through high school. Her "Reading for Understanding" materials were organized by ascending difficulty using multiple factor analysis to train students in reading comprehension across a range of difficulty encompassing early grades through high-school. Her curriculum materials were sold and used throughout the English-speaking world, and a small part of the early learning materials were translated into French for use in Canada. In 1979 she was awarded an honorary degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

## Personal life

Thurstone was born in Hume, Missouri, the eldest of three children, to parents who were both teachers. She attended the University of Missouri, graduating with a baccalaureate degree in German in 1917, before earning a second degree in education. Thurstone went on to complete a master's degree in psychology in 1923 from the Carnegie Institute of Technology.
Thurstone married Louis Leon Thurstone in 1924 who, in his autobiography, described Thelma as a "genius in test construction". The couple had three children, born between 1927 and 1932.

## Research publications

* Thurstone, Louis Leon, and Thelma Gwinn Thurstone. "Factorial studies of intelligence." Psychometric monographs (1941).
# Liberalism and Democracy

Liberalism and Democracy (Italian: Liberalismo e democrazia) is a 1985 book by the Italian political scientist Norberto Bobbio.

## Summary

The book is about the relationship between liberalism and democracy, covered in 17 chapters grouped in 3 parts. The first part is about the origin and constituents of liberalism, notably its central idea of individual rights, which would have been alien to the ancient world in which democracy originated. The second part is a modern history of liberal and democratic movements, including their often turbulent interactions and the recent concept of liberal democracy, which seeks to combine them. The third part is about challenges to liberal democracy, such as socialism, economic liberalism, lack of governance, populism and authoritarian forms of democracy.

## Reception

In Differentia: Review of Italian Thought, Edmund E. Jacobitti wrote that despite Bobbio's assurance that liberalism and democracy rarely are antagonistic, the book portrays an old conflict between individual ambitions and the demands of a society. Jacobitti wrote that the book describes the ways in which liberals and democrats have debated and that it is regrettable it does not devote more space to arguing for the necessity of dialogues and conflicts between them, asking, "what will the world's fate be if ever an evil, hypnotic, and wealthy liberal does wed the elusive demos?"
# Żerechowa

Żerechowa is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łęki Szlacheckie, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Łęki Szlacheckie, 20 km (12 mi) south of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 65 km (40 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
# Itupeva

Itupeva is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 64,330 (2021 est.) in an area of 201 square kilometres (78 sq mi). The elevation is 675 metres (2,215 ft).

## Media

In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).
# Mark DeCaprio

Mark DeCaprio is a Republican member of the Connecticut House of Representatives serving in the 48th district. He is a navy submarine veteran.
# Miguel Ángel Arellano Pulido

Miguel Ángel Arellano Pulido (born 11 May 1952) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution. From 2006 to 2009 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Michoacán.
# Żeronice, Łódź Voivodeship

Żeronice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bedlno, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Bedlno, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Kutno, and 42 km (26 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
# Tom Bundy

Thomas Clark Bundy (October 8, 1881 – October 13, 1945) was a tennis player from Los Angeles, California, who was active in the early 20th century. With Maurice McLoughlin, he won three doubles titles at the U.S. National Championships. Bundy Drive, a major thoroughfare in West Los Angeles, is named for him.

## Tennis career

Bundy won the All-Comers singles final against Beals Wright, but finished runner-up to William Larned in a five-set Challenge Round at the U.S. National Championships in 1910. He also reached the semifinals in 1909 and 1911. Bundy won three consecutive doubles titles at the championships, alongside Maurice McLoughlin, in 1912, 1913, and 1914.
When the Los Angeles Tennis Club was founded in 1920 Bundy was elected as its first president.

## Personal life

On December 11, 1912 Bundy married tennis player U.S. National Championships and Wimbledon champion May Sutton. They separated in 1923 and were divorced in 1940. The couple had four children including daughter Dorothy Cheney, a tennis player who won the singles title at the 1938 Australian Championships.

## Grand Slam finals
### Singles (1 runner-up)

| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Loss | 1910 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | William Larned | 1–6, 7–5, 0–6, 8–6, 1–6 |

### Doubles (3 titles, 2 runner-ups)

| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 1910 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Trowridge Hendrick | Fred Alexander Harold Hackett | 1–6, 6–8, 3–6 |
| Win | 1912 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Maurice McLoughlin | Raymond Little Gustave Touchard | 3–6, 6–2, 6–1, 7–5 |
| Win | 1913 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Maurice McLoughlin | John Strachan Clarence Griffin | 6–4, 7–5, 6–1 |
| Win | 1914 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Maurice McLoughlin | George Church Dean Mathey | 6–4, 6–2, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1915 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Maurice McLoughlin | Bill Johnston Clarence Griffin | 6–2, 3–6, 4–6, 6–3, 3–6 |

## Grand Slam tournament singles performance timeline

Key :
| W | F | SF | QF | #R | RR | Q# | DNQ | A | NH |
| Tournament | 1909 | 1910 | 1911 | 1912 | 1913 |
| Australian Open | A | A | A | A | A |
| Wimbledon | A | A | A | A | A |
| US Open | SF | F$^{Ch}$ | SF | 4R | 2R |
# Breakwater Chicago

Breakwater Chicago was a proposed vessel being designed as a part island, part yacht resort, situated on Lake Michigan in the United States, floating about 1.1 miles (1.8 km) off Chicago's shore line.
The proposed Breakwater Chicago vessel was to be about the size of an American football field, approximately 300 by 100 feet (91 by 30 m), and was planned to include sun-decks, restaurants, a large swimming pool, and shops.

## Development

The concept for Breakwater Chicago was developed by local entrepreneur Beau D'Arcy. The architect of record for the design of the vessel is Chicago-based firm Space Architects + Planners. As of June 2014, the entire project was estimated to cost about $23 million, equivalent to $29.6 million in 2023. Water taxis would have taken people to the resort, and people would also be able to dock boats at 30 slips. The vessel would have had a capacity of 2,850 people, and would have been moored on the lake with an anchoring system called "spuds" resting on top of the lake-bed that could have been pulled up in case of a weather emergency so the vessel could be moved to another location.
As of June 2014, the project was in its design phase with construction planned for the summer of 2015. The project was announced to the public on June 9, 2014, alongside a crowdfunding campaign on Kickstarter, which raised more than $60,000 in donations from local supporters in the first month.
# Jhansla

30°31′39″N 76°39′47″E﻿ / ﻿30.52750°N 76.66306°E﻿ / 30.52750; 76.66306 Jhansla is a village in Punjab, India, near Banur.
The Chitkara University, Punjab, the Swami Vivekanand Institute of Engineering and Technology, and the Gian Sagar Institute for Medical Studies are all in Jhansla.
# Sandra Pires

Sandra Tavares Pires Nascimento (born 16 June 1973) is a Brazilian retired beach volleyball player. She won the gold medal in the inaugural women's beach volleyball tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, partnering with Jackie Silva.
Pires also represented her native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where she claimed the bronze medal, teaming up with Adriana Samuel. She was also the flagbearer at the opening ceremony.
Pires was the flagbearer for the second time at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.
In her beach volleyball career, Pires won 23 tournaments and $800,000 in prizes.
In 2014, Pires was inducted into the International Volleyball Hall of Fame.
# Miguel Ángel Macedo Escartín

Miguel Ángel Macedo Escartín (born 22 December 1955) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution. In 2009 he served as deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the Federal District.
# Noé Fernando Garza Flores

Noé Fernando Garza Flores (born 31 May 1948) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as a federal deputy in the 54th session of Congress (1988–1991) for Coahuila's seventh district, and in the 61st session (2010–2012) as a plurinominal deputy substituting for Hilda Esthela Flores Escalera. He was also elected to the 53rd session of the Congress of Coahuila.
# Ormerod Pearse

Charles Ormerod Cato "Ormy" Pearse (10 October 1884 – 28 May 1953) was a South African cricketer who played in three Tests from 1910 to 1911. His brother was the first-class cricketer Vyvyan Pearse.
Pearse was born into a military family in Pietermaritzburg and attended Maritzburg College there. After leaving school he took up banking. He married Dorothy Vera Shepstone in Pietermaritzburg in January 1918. He died of coronary thrombosis at home in Durban on 28 May 1953, aged 68.