OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adam Nadel

Adam Nadel (born 1967) is an American photographer based in New York City.
Exhibitions of Nadel's work include If My Eyes Speak: Photographs by Adam Nadel (2007), which comprises 30 portraits of people involved in the Bosnian War, Rwandan genocide and war in Darfur; and Malaria: Blood, Sweat and Tears, a multi-media exhibition illustrating malaria's impact.

## Life and work

Nadel majored in anthropology at the University of Chicago and graduated in 1990.
Nadel was a New York City staff photographer for the Associated Press in the late 1990s, and has worked for Newsweek, Stern, The Sunday Telegraph, Time, The Times and The New York Times. The New York Times nominated his 2005 work in Iraq for a Pulitzer Prize.
According to David Stanger, director of the American Jewish Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Nadel's 2007 exhibition If My Eyes Speak: Photographs by Adam Nadel comprises 30 images representing "contemporary manifestations of genocide". Each long exposure portrait is 18 inches square and includes minimal background detail, and all are accompanied by excerpts from interviews with their subjects.
His exhibition Malaria: Blood, Sweat and Tears, conceived and produced by Nadel and the Malaria Consortium, opened in 2010 at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City and has been shown at nine venues on four continents. The exhibition deals with the relationships between malaria, poverty and the need to combat the disease. It includes more than 40 of Nadel's images, taken in locations including Nigeria, Uganda and Cambodia, which illustrate the effects of the disease on families, health workers, researchers and communities. Nadel said in 2010, "If you have a bunch of great pictures but they don't communicate the complexity and the important aspects of what you’re documenting, then what you have are powerful emotional photographs, but they won't offer you the possibility for education." Subjects include a Cambodian boy, a group of Nigerian men wearing gas masks and gloves and carrying spraying equipment, and a magnified mosquito's foot. Nadel also invited the Brazilian artist Kako to create a graphic novel depicting the process by which the disease is transmitted.
In 2017 Nadel's photographs of the Everglades, produced as part of a collaboration with the anthropologist Jessica Cattelino, were exhibited in Everglades National Park. In 2018 Nadel became that year's artist in residence at Fermilab, where his work was exhibited in 2019.

## Awards

* First Prize, 2005 World Press Photo contest, Portrait Story category
* First Prize, World Press Photo contest, Sports Feature category
* First Prize, Pictures of the Year International, News Story
* First Prize, Pictures of the Year International, Campaign 2004 Picture Story
* First Prize, Pictures of the Year International, Portrait Story
# Nadia Valentin

Nadia Valentin (born 10 April 1987) is a Haitian former footballer who played as a midfielder. She has been a member of the Haiti women's national team.

## Club career

Valentin has played for Valentina FC in Haiti.

## International career

Valentin capped for Haiti at senior level during the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games and the 2012 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament (including its qualification).

### International goals

Scores and results list Haiti's goal tally first
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 1 August 2010 | Estadio Metropolitano de Mérida, Mérida, Venezuela | Trinidad and Tobago | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games |
| 2 | 29 June 2011 | Trinidad Stadium, Oranjestad, Aruba | Suriname | 1–0 | 4–0 | 2012 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification |
| 3 | 29 June 2011 | Trinidad Stadium, Oranjestad, Aruba | Suriname | 3–0 | 4–0 | 2012 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification |
| 4 | 23 January 2012 | BC Place, Vancouver, Canada | Cuba | 3–0 | 3–0 | 2012 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament |
# Oberto Della Torre

Oberto Della Torre (1617 in Genoa – 1698 in Genoa) was the 130th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.

## Biography

During his mandate as Doge, the eighty-fifth in biennial succession and the one hundred and thirtyth in republican history, some disagreements with the Spanish Governor of the neighbouring Duchy of Milan are remembered due to the blockade of the income of the Genoese nobles in that territory, on the other hand, the Doge had cordial relations with the Charles II, as the Spanish Empire was a great ally of the Genoese Republic. After the end of his Dogate on 1 September 1691, Oberto Della Torre retired to private life. He died in Genoa in 1698.
# Popień, Gmina Jeżów

Popień is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jeżów, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.
# Sugarloaf Mountain (Utah)

Sugarloaf Mountain is an 11,051-foot-elevation (3,368-meter) summit on the boundary that Salt Lake County shares with Utah County, in Utah, United States.

## Description

Sugarloaf Mountain is located 20 miles (32 km) southeast of downtown Salt Lake City at the Alta Ski Area in the Wasatch–Cache National Forest. The peak is set in the Wasatch Range which is a subset of the Rocky Mountains. Precipitation runoff from the mountain's north slope drains to Little Cottonwood Creek, whereas the south slope drains to American Fork River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,250 feet (686 meters) above American Fork Canyon in one mile (1.6 km). This mountain's toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

## Climate

Sugarloaf Mountain has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc), bordering on an Alpine climate (Köppen ET), with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool to warm summers. Due to its altitude, it receives precipitation all year, as snow in winter, and as thunderstorms in summer. There is no weather station at the summit, but this climate table contains interpolated data for an area around the summit.
Climate data for Sugarloaf Mountain (Alta) 40.5641 N, 111.6236 W, Elevation: 10,482 ft (3,195 m) (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 26.1 (−3.3) | 27.3 (−2.6) | 32.2 (0.1) | 38.1 (3.4) | 47.5 (8.6) | 59.0 (15.0) | 68.3 (20.2) | 66.6 (19.2) | 57.8 (14.3) | 44.8 (7.1) | 33.3 (0.7) | 26.4 (−3.1) | 44.0 (6.6) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 17.9 (−7.8) | 18.1 (−7.7) | 22.7 (−5.2) | 27.8 (−2.3) | 37.0 (2.8) | 47.6 (8.7) | 57.1 (13.9) | 55.7 (13.2) | 47.3 (8.5) | 35.1 (1.7) | 24.8 (−4.0) | 18.1 (−7.7) | 34.1 (1.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 9.8 (−12.3) | 8.9 (−12.8) | 13.3 (−10.4) | 17.6 (−8.0) | 26.4 (−3.1) | 36.1 (2.3) | 45.9 (7.7) | 44.8 (7.1) | 36.7 (2.6) | 25.4 (−3.7) | 16.2 (−8.8) | 9.8 (−12.3) | 24.2 (−4.3) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 7.05 (179) | 6.03 (153) | 6.09 (155) | 5.91 (150) | 4.32 (110) | 1.95 (50) | 1.32 (34) | 2.11 (54) | 2.83 (72) | 4.13 (105) | 5.18 (132) | 6.08 (154) | 53 (1,348) |
| Source: PRISM Climate Group ||||||||||||||

## Gallery

* Northwest aspect
* Sugarloaf Mountain and Cecret Lake
* Sugarloaf Mountain and Cecret Lake
* Northeast aspect
* Sugarloaf Mountain (center), Sunset Peak front left, Twin Peaks behind left, Mount Baldy to right. Viewed from Clayton Peak.
* West aspect of Sugarloaf, with Devils Castle (behind, right)
* Cecret Lake and Sugarloaf
# Metropolitan City of Florence

The Metropolitan City of Florence (Italian: città metropolitana di Firenze) is an administrative division called metropolitan city in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Florence. It replaced the province of Florence. It was first created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and then established by the Law 56/2014. It has been operative since 1 January 2015.

## Geography

The Metropolitan City of Florence is bordered by the Metropolitan City of Bologna in the north, the province of Ravenna and Forlì-Cesena in the north-east, the province of Prato, Pistoia and Lucca in the north-west, the province of Pisa in the west, the province of Siena in the south and the province of Arezzo in the east and southeast.
Much of its territory lies in the plain of the Arno river and has thus become an exurban sprawl around the city of Florence. The northeastern part of the metropolitan city, in the Apennines, remains less developed. Romagna Granducale is the name given to the region lying on the northern slopes of Apennines. Corn, wine and silk are the chief products in the valley regions. Silk manufacturing was an important industry in the medieval times. Renaissance polymath Leonardo da Vinci was born in the village of Anchiano, which is a part of the Metropolitan City of Florence. The capital Florence is a well known cultural and a large tourist centre.

## Main sights

The Metropolitan City receives large number of tourists every year.
The capital city Florence has been recognised as UNESCO World Heritage Site. Some major tourist attractions of the city are Piazza del Duomo, Duomo of Santa Maria del Fiore, the Baptistery of San Giovanni, Giotto's Bell Tower, the Loggia del Bigallo and Museo dell'Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore, Ponte Vecchio along with many others.
Sights in Barberino di Mugello include Cattani Castle and Palazzo Pretorio. The Certosa del Galluzzo houses artworks by Pontormo. Giovanni Boccaccio's hometown Certaldo is home to the Palazzo Pretorio and Boccaccio's House, while Vinci, birthplace of Leonardo da Vinci, houses a museum dedicated to the Italian polymath. Sesto Fiorentino is known for the Etruscan tomb "La Montagnola".

## Government
### List of Metropolitan Mayors of Florence

| | Metropolitan Mayor | Term start | Term end | Party |
| 1 | Dario Nardella | 1 January 2015 | 26 June 2024 | PD |
| 2 | Sara Funaro | 26 June 2024 | In office | PD |

## Economy

Wholesale and retail is the largest sector in the Metropolitan City: As of 2008, almost 29% of the firms in the former Province of Florence were involved in it. Manufacturing, construction, real estate and agriculture are the next important ones with a percentage share of about 19.5%, 14%, 13.6% and 8% respectively.
Tourism is also an important industry. Empoli is known for its ancient glass-making industry.
# Ali Sharif al-Rifi

Major General Ali Sharif al-Rifi (Arabic: الريفي علي الشريف) was the commander of the Libyan Air Force until 2011 when his air force was destroyed by the NATO attacks during the Libyan Civil War. Subsequently, he was reported to be living in Niger before returning to Libya.

## Chadian–Libyan conflict

During the latter parts of the Chadian–Libyan conflict, Colonel al-Rifi was in command of Libyan troop deployments from his base at Kufra in the south of Libya.

## Senior Libyan Air Force commander

In 1991, Ali Sharif al-Rifi, named as Colonel Rifi Ali al-Sharif, was listed on the Fact Sheet which provided additional information on the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 issued with the United States District Court for the District of Columbia indictment against Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and Lamin Khalifah Fhimah in the case of the Lockerbie bombing. Ali Sharif al-Rifi was described as having a prominent role in Libya's procurement effort and as having reportedly attempted to assist al-Megrahi in his attempt to acquire US aircraft via Benin. The Fact Sheet did not state that Ali Sharif al-Rifi had been involved in the Lockerbie bombing.
During the Libyan Civil War, al-Rifi was the commander of the Libyan Air Force until his air force was destroyed by the NATO attacks.

## Escape to Niger

After the pro-Gaddafi forces lost control of Tripoli, Ali Sharif al-Rifi was reported to be in the southern Libyan town of Murzuk before fleeing to the neighbouring country of Niger, arriving in the northern city of Agadez on 8 September and taking up residence in the Étoile du Ténéré hotel. Marou Amadou the Nigerien justice minister confirmed the reports and stated that Ali Sharif al-Rifi, along with Gaddafi loyalist Tuareg General Ali Kanna, was in Agadez and was "being well guarded" even though he was not in a Nigerien government building. By 14 September it was being reported that al-Rifi had relocated to the Nigerian capital Niamey and taken up residence in the Villa du Conseil de l'Entente along with Gaddafi's son Al-Saadi and Mansour Dhao, Gaddafi's security chief. The Villa du Conseil de l'Entente has been described as a hillside collection of bungalows with high walls. In 2017, he was reported to have returned to his home in the Libyan town of Waddan.
He later travelled to Cairo in Egypt where in 2023, al-Rifi passed away from illness.
# Karel Höger

Karel Höger (17 June 1909 – 4 May 1977) was a Czechoslovak film actor. He appeared in nearly 100 films between 1939 and 1977.

## Selected filmography

* In the Still of the Night (1941)
* Enchanted (1942)
* Gabriela (1942)
* Fourteen at the Table (1943)
* The Dancer (1943)
* Lost in the Suburbs (1948)
* Krakatit (1948)
* A Dead Man Among the Living (1949)
* Old Czech Legends (1953)
* Nástup (1953)
* Jan Hus (1954)
* Jan Žižka (1955)
* Vlacek Kolejacek (1959)
* The Fabulous Baron Munchausen (1961)
* Lucie (1963)
* I, Justice (1967)
* Noc na Karlštejně (1973)
# Stephen Perez

Stephen Perez (born 1967) is an American academic and university administrator. He is the 13th and current president of California State University, Chico, and was formerly an interim president of San José State University.

## Education and early career

Perez graduated with a BA in economics from the University of California, San Diego before earning his MA and PhD in economics from the University of California, Davis in 1994. He briefly taught economics at Virginia Commonwealth University and Washington State University before becoming a faculty member of California State University, Sacramento in 2001. At Sacramento State, he specialized in labor economics and sports economics and served as an assistant to the president for special projects, faculty athletics representative, and interim provost before being promoted to provost and vice president of academic affairs in the fall of 2019.

## Career
### San Jose State University Presidency

On November 22, 2021 California State University Chancellor Joseph I. Castro appointed Perez to serve as the interim president of San José State University after Mary Papazian, the previous president, announced that she would be resigning on December 21, 2021, in the aftermath of a sex abuse scandal. Perez assumed the office on January 3, 2022. Throughout his term as interim president, he worked to increase university enrollment and diversity. His term ended on January 16, 2023, when Cynthia Teniente-Matson assumed the office.

### California State University, Chico Presidency

Six days prior to the end of his term at San Jose State, it was announced that Perez would be joining California State University, Chico as an interim provost and vice president for academic affairs. Perez would serve in this role through the end of the 2022–23 school year when on May 24, 2023, Chico State announced that Perez would become the school's president for the following school year. Perez assumed the office on July 1, 2023.
# Bonbon, Haiti

Bonbon (French pronunciation: ; Haitian Creole: Bonbon) is a commune in the Jérémie Arrondissement, in the Grand'Anse department of Haiti. The non-profit organization Sant Demen is establishing a learning center for the Haitian community in the area. It has 8,610 inhabitants in 2015.
The village of Desarmeaux is also located in the commune.
# Ryan Wigglesworth

Ryan Wigglesworth (born 31 August 1979, Yorkshire) is a British composer, conductor and pianist.

## Biography

Wigglesworth read music at Oxford University, where he held the position of Organ Scholar at New College, and continued his music studies at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama. From 2007 to 2009, he was a lecturer at Cambridge University and a Fellow of Corpus Christi College. From 2013 to 2015, he was a composing fellow with The Cleveland Orchestra.
Wigglesworth was principal guest conductor of The Hallé from 2015 to 2018. He and his wife, the soprano Sophie Bevan, founded The Davey Consort in 2017. Wigglesworth founded the Knussen Chamber Orchestra in 2019.
Wigglesworth served as composer-in-residence with English National Opera (ENO). For ENO, he composed his opera The Winter's Tale, based on Shakespeare's play of the same name. The opera received its premiere on 27 February 2017. In 2018, he was composer in residence of the Grafenegg Festival in Lower Austria. He has appeared as the soloist of his own Piano Concerto (2019). In 2019, he became the Sir Richard Rodney Bennett Professor at the Royal Academy of Music. Several commercial recordings of Wigglesworth's music are available on such labels as NMC. Wigglesworth has made other commercial recordings for other labels.
In February 2022, the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra announced the appointment of Wigglesworth as its next chief conductor, effective September 2022. This appointment marks Wigglesworth's first chief conductorship.
Wigglesworth and Bevan have two children.

## Selected compositions

* Sternenfall (2007)
* The Genesis of Secrecy (2009)
* Augenlieder (2009)
* A First Book of Inventions (2010)
* Violin Concerto (2012)
* Locke's Theatre (2013)
* A Wreath (text by George Herbert; 2014)
* Études-Tableaux (2015)
* The Winter's Tale (opera, 2015-2016)
* Clocks from a Winter's Tale (2017)
* Till Dawning (texts by George Herbert; 2018)
* Piano Concerto (2019)

## Personal life

He is married to soprano singer Sophie Bevan. They have two children.
# Robert Stuart Edgar

Robert Stuart Edgar (September 15, 1930 – February 1, 2016) was a geneticist.
Upon graduating from McGill University, Edgar pursued graduate study at the University of Rochester. After completing his doctorate, he began teaching and doing research at the California Institute of Technology in 1957. While at Caltech he carried out research that explained the mechanisms by which bacterial viruses assemble their component parts into a functional virus particle. As part of this research he developed the important experimental strategy of using "conditional" mutants as an experimental tool to elucidate complex biological phenomena.
The isolation of conditional lethal mutants of the bacterial virus T4 (bacteriophage T4) during 1962-1964 by members of the phage group at the California Institute of Technology provided an opportunity to study the function of virtually all of the genes that are essential for growth of the bacteriophage under laboratory conditions. At the time, this was the most comprehensive analysis of the essential genes of any particular organism. One class of conditional lethal mutants, referred to as temperature-sensitive mutants, was obtained by Robert Edgar and Ilga Lielausis. Studies of these mutants led to considerable insight into numerous fundamental biologic problems. Thus understanding was gained on the functions and interactions of the proteins employed in the machinery of DNA replication, DNA repair and DNA recombination, and on how viruses are assembled from protein and nucleic acid components (molecular morphogenesis).
During this time Edgar also became interested in the processes of human communication and brought the practice of T-groups and Encounter sessions to the Caltech Biology Department.
Edgar joined the University of California, Santa Cruz faculty in 1970, where he taught and carried out research for twenty years until retirement in 1990. At UCSC he was the founding provost of Kresge College, where he helped design the campus in the style of an Italian mountain village and the student living quarters as apartments rather than the traditional dormitory bedrooms. Academically, he created programs that offered students a much greater role in the planning of the curriculum and the design of their major fields of study. After serving as Kresge provost through 1975, he became a full time member of the Biology Department at UCSC where he taught Genetics and initiated a research program involving the genetics of the roundworm C. elegans, which helped develop this organism into a primary research tool in molecular genetics, development, and neurobiology. He also founded the Worm-Breeders Gazette, which provided a rapid mechanism of communication among researchers using this organism in the days before the internet.
He received the NAS Award in Molecular Biology in 1965, and was granted membership into the National Academy of Sciences itself in 2007. He was a Guggenheim Fellow for the academic year 1974–1975. He was also a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
# Redfox FC Stará Ľubovňa

Redfox FC Stará Ľubovňa is a Slovak football club, playing in the town of Stará Ľubovňa.

## Current squad

    As of 10 October 2024
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 5 | MF | POL | Fabian Krawczyk |
| 6 | MF | SVK | Dominik Orsag |
| 7 | FW | ARM | Abraham Portugalyan |
| 8 | MF | CHN | Jiang Weisheng |
| 9 | FW | POL | Artur Pląskowski |
| 10 | MF | CZE | Jakub Kousal (on loan from Skalica) |
| 11 | MF | SVK | Philip Yanick Kroták |
| 12 | FW | NGA | John Etim |
| 14 | DF | SVK | Ervín Matta |
| 16 | MF | SVK | Marko Totka |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 17 | FW | NGA | Abdulhakim Ahmad Daneji |
| 19 | DF | COL | Fandenwer González |
| 21 | MF | SVK | Gabriel Halabrín (on loan from Ružomberok) |
| 22 | DF | SVK | Erik Kramár |
| 23 | MF | SVK | Samuel Segeďa |
| 28 | DF | SVK | Michal Piter-Bučko (captain) |
| 31 | GK | NGA | Mathew Yakubu |
| 37 | MF | SVK | Leonardo Bortoli |
| 81 | GK | SVK | Dávid Straka |
For recent transfers, see List of Slovak football transfers summer 2024 .

## Managerial history

* Piotr Kapusta (January 2023–June 2024)
* Jozef Kostelník (June 2024–present)
# Loup Canal

The Loup Canal is a hydroelectric and irrigation canal located in eastern Nebraska, United States. The canal is owned and managed by Loup Power District, a public power electric utility.
The canal is 35 miles (56 km) long. It begins at headworks on the Loup River in Nance County, between Fullerton and Genoa. It passes through a hydroelectric plant near Monroe with a generating capacity of 8000 kilowatts. From there, it continues to two regulating reservoirs, Lake Babcock and Lake North, north of Columbus. The canal then runs from Lake North to a second hydroelectric plant near Columbus with a generating capacity of 40,000 kW. It ends at the Platte River in eastern Platte County about one mile below the confluence of the Platte and the Loup.
In 1933, an African American architect named Archie Alexander (1888-1958) was hired to design Loup River Power Plant. Renowned as a bridge and road builder across the country, Alexander is thought to be the first Black architect to design a civic structure in the Nebraska. Construction of the canal system began in August 1934; power generation began in March 1937.
A recreation system of parks, lakes and trails extends along the canal; these facilities are owned and operated by Loup Power District.
# Norape cingulata

Norape cingulata is a moth of the family Megalopygidae. It was described by E. Dukinfield Jones in 1921.
# Norape dyarensis

Norape dyarensis is a moth of the family Megalopygidae. It was described by Walter Hopp in 1929.
# Norape incolorata

Norape incolorata is a moth of the family Megalopygidae. It was described by E. Dukinfield Jones in 1921.
# Norape tamsi

Norape tamsi is a moth of the family Megalopygidae. It was described by Walter Hopp in 1927. It is found in Argentina.