OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rampart Ridge (Washington)

Rampart Ridge is a 5,870 ft (1,790 m) elevation mountain ridge located in the Cascade Range, in Kittitas County of Washington state. It is situated northeast of Hyak, Washington, and the north end of Keechelus Lake, within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, on land managed by Wenatchee National Forest. Its nearest higher peak is Alta Mountain, 1.74 mi (2.80 km) to the north-northeast, and Dungeon Peak rises 0.77 mi (1.24 km) to the south-southwest. The north-south trending ridge is characterized by vertical cliffs on its west-facing side above the Gold Creek valley, and gentle meadows with lakes on the eastern side, such as Rachel Lake, Lake Lillian, and the Rampart Lakes. The descriptive name of rampart was officially adopted 1918 by the United States Board on Geographic Names based on a suggestion by The Mountaineers. Precipitation runoff from the ridge drains into tributaries of the Yakima River.

## Climate

Rampart Ridge is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Weather fronts originating in the Pacific Ocean travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snow onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in avalanche danger. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer.

## Geology

The Alpine Lakes Wilderness features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks and ridges, deep glacial valleys, and granite walls spotted with over 700 mountain lakes. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences. These climate differences lead to vegetation variety defining the ecoregions in this area.
The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.
During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris. The last glacial retreat in the Alpine Lakes area began about 14,000 years ago and was north of the Canada–US border by 10,000 years ago. The U-shaped cross section of the river valleys is a result of that recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the Alpine Lakes Wilderness area.
# Sara Matthieu

Sara Matthieu (born 21 May 1981) is a Belgian politician for Groen who has been serving as a member of European Parliament for Belgium since 2020.

## Political career

In 2020, Matthieu succeeded Petra De Sutter who had to resign her mandate as Member of the European Parliament to join the government of Prime Minister Alexander De Croo. In parliament, she has since been serving on the Committee on International Trade. In this capacity, she has been the parliament's co-rapporteur on minimum income.
In addition to her committee assignments, Matthieu is part of the parliament's delegation for relations with the countries of South Asia. She is also a member of the European Parliament Intergroup on LGBT Rights.
# Natal Railway 0-4-0ST Durban

The Natal Railway 0-4-0ST Durban of 1865 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Natal Colony.
In 1865, the Natal Railway Company acquired an 0-4-0ST locomotive. This was the Natal Railway's second locomotive and was named Durban.

## Manufacturer

The second locomotive to be placed in service by the Natal Railway Company in Durban was an 0-4-0ST engine named Durban. It was built by Kitson and Company and left the Kitson shops on 25 March 1865, with works number 1271. The locomotive arrived in Durban on 4 August 1865, on board the White Cross Line vessel Actaea.
As built, the locomotive had an open cab area with a spectacle-type weatherboard as only protection for the crew against the elements. It is not known whether the engine was equipped with an enclosed cab post-delivery. It had a domeless boiler which took steam from the steam space above the firebox, with a sandbox mounted atop the boiler.

## Service
### Natal Railway Company

For the next ten years, the entire locomotive fleet of the Natal Railway Company consisted of this locomotive and the engine Natal. By 25 January 1867, the original 2 miles (3.2 kilometres) line between Market Square in Durban and Point station at Durban harbour, had only been extended by a further 3.5 miles (5.6 kilometres) to Umgeni. From there stone, quarried from the Umgeni River, was transported to the harbour. No further railway development took place and the locomotive fleet was only expanded to three in January 1876, upon the arrival of the engine Perseverance, a 4-4-0T locomotive.

### Natal Government Railways

In 1875, the Natal Government Railways (NGR) was established. All the assets of the Natal Railway Company were taken over by the Colonial Government and became part of the NGR with effect from 1 January 1877.
Since the Natal Government had decided to implement Cape gauge in conformance with the railways in the Cape of Good Hope and to extend the lines inland to Pietermaritzburg, up the north coast to Verulam and down the south coast to Isipingo, the existing tracks were regauged and the railway service life of two of the three locomotives came to an end.
The engine Natal was sold to a farmer, while the still new engine Perseverance was converted for use as a stationary engine and employed to drive the sawmill machinery in the Durban workshops. It is possible, but not confirmed, that the saddle-tank locomotive Durban was regauged to Cape gauge and retained in service.
# Iraqi First Division League

The Iraqi First Division League is a football league that is the third tier of the Iraqi football league system, which was founded in 1974. The league consists of 20 teams split into two groups in the first stage. The top four teams in each group qualify for the second stage, where they are split into two further groups. The two group winners in the second stage are promoted directly to the Iraqi Premier Division League, while the two bottom teams in the first stage are relegated to the Iraqi Second Division League. The league is governed by the Iraq Football Association (IFA).
In the 2023–24 season, Al-Mosul won the championship title after defeating Al-Kadhimiya 6–4 on penalties after a 1–1 draw in the final match.

## Competition name

| Period | Name |
| 1974–1995 | National Clubs Third Division |
| 1995–1999 | Second Division League |
| 1999–2000 | Third Division League |
| 2000–2002 | Second Division League |
| 2002–2003 | Third Division League |
| 2003–2023 | Second Division League |
| 2023–present | First Division League |

## Current clubs
### 2024–25 season

| Group 1 | Group 2 |
| Al-Falluja | Al-Kifl |
| Baladiyat Al-Mosul | Al-Jaish |
| Al-Amwaj Al-Mosuli | Al-Hashd Al-Shaabi |
| Samarra | Al-Sadeq |
| Al-Alam | Al-Samawa |
| Al-Sufiya | Al-Qurna |
| Naft Al-Shamal | Al-Kufa |
| Al-Taji | Al-Sulaikh |
| Al-Hawija | Al-Furat |
| Al-Shirqat | Al-Diwaniya |
# Posner (surname)

Posner is a surname of German origin, meaning "a person from the city of Posen", now Poznań in Poland. It is a fairly common surname among Ashkenazi Jews. Variants of the name are Posener and Pozner. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aaron Posner, American playwright and stage director
* Barry Posner (disambiguation), multiple people
* Carl Posner (1854–1928), German urologist
* David M. Posner (1947–2018), American rabbi
* David Posner, fictional character in the Alan Bennett play The History Boys
* Ed Posner (1933–1993), American information theorist and neural network researcher
* Elieser Posner (born 1937), American grain scientist
* Eric Posner (born 1965), American jurist and academic
* Ernst Posner (1892–1980), Prussian state archivist
* Gary H. Posner (1943–2018), American chemist
* Geoff Posner (born 1949), British producer of television and radio comedy
* Gerald Posner (born 1954), American journalist
* Herbert A. Posner (1925–2018), American politician
* Jerome B. Posner, American neurologist
* Kenneth Posner, American lighting designer
* Lindsay Posner (born 1959), British theatre director
* Michael Posner (disambiguation), multiple people
* Neal Pozner (1955–1994), sometimes credited as Neil Pozner, art director, editor, and writer known for his work in the comic book industry
* Rebecca Posner (1929–2018), British philologist, linguist and academic
* Richard Posner (born 1939), prominent American judge and jurist
* Ruth Posner (born 1933), Polish-born actress
* Sarah Posner, American journalist
* Seymour Posner (1925–1988), American politician
* Steven Posner (1943–2010), American corporate raider
* Tess Posner, American social entrepreneur and musician
* Tracy Posner (born 1962), American actress, animal rights rescuer and activist
* Trisha Posner, British non-fiction writer, wife of Gerald Posner
* Victor Posner (1918–2002), American entrepreneur, father of Tracy
* Vladimir Pozner (disambiguation), multiple people
* Walter Posner (born 1953), German football player
* Zalman I. Posner (1927–2014), American rabbi
# Takahata Station

Takahata Station (高畠駅, Takahata-eki) is a junction railway station in the city of Takahata, Yamagata, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It is unique in having an onsen hot spa on its premises.

## Lines

Takahata Station is served by the Yamagata Shinkansen and Ōu Main Line, and is located 49.9 kilometers from the starting point of both lines at Fukushima Station.

## Station layout

Takahata Station has two opposed side platforms connected via a footbridge. The station has a Midori no Madoguchi staffed ticket office.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Yamagata Shinkansen | for Yamagata, Fukushima, Ōmiya, Tokyo, Yamagata and Shinjō |
| 1 | ■ Yamagata Line | for Yonezawa, Akayu and Yamagata |
| 2 | ■ Yamagata Shinkansen | for Yamagata and Shinjō (peak times only) |
| 2 | ■ Yamagata Line | for Yonezawa, Akayu and Yamagata (peak times only) |

## History

The station opened on 21 April 1900 as Nukanome Station (糠ノ目駅). It was renamed Takahata on 16 March 1991.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2018, the station was used by an average of 844 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* National Route 13
* Takahata Winery
# Namak para

Nimki or nimkin (or namkin), also Namak para (or namakpare) is a crunchy savoury snack eaten in the Indian subcontinent. It is similar to Mathri from Rajasthan and parts of Punjab and Uttar Pradesh.
Namak para is ribbon-like strips of pastry (made up of refined flour, oil and water) delicately seasoned with ajwain and cumin seeds (jeera) in pure ghee (clarified butter) or any oil. It requires approximately 10 minutes to prepare and 20 minutes to cook. The appearance, taste, and texture can be compared to that of samosa pastry.
Other seasonings can be added to it as well, e.g. dried fenugreek leaves, dried mint leaves, etc.
The name derives from namak ("salt"), the main seasoning for the pastry, other ingredients include atta flour (whole wheat), maida flour (refined) or semolina and baking powder and baking soda.
# Peter Davies (journalist)

Peter Davies is a South African television presenter, journalist, and author. From 1996 to 2007, he anchored hundreds of sporting events, including three Cricket World Cups and two FIFA World Cups.
On 6 October 2011, Davies appeared at the Johannesburg Magistrate's Court on a charge of lewd conduct, but charges were dropped after being settled out of court.
# KiYa 143

The KiYa 143 (キヤ143形) is a four-axle B-B wheel arrangement diesel-hydraulic locomotive type operated in Japan since 2014 by West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

## Operations

The KiYa 143 locomotives are used as self-propelled snowplough units during the winter season, replacing ageing JNR Class DD15 and JNR Class DE15 locomotives, and for hauling non-revenue services during other periods with the snowploughs removed.
* A pair of KiYa 143s top-and-tailing retro-style 35 series coaches on a test run in June 2017

## Design

The KiYa 143 locomotives use the same 450 hp (340 kW) diesel engines and braking systems as JR West's KiHa 189 series diesel multiple unit (DMU) trains.

## History

The first KiYa 143, KiYa 143-1, was delivered from Niigata Transys in February 2014. This was followed by KiYa 143-2 in March 2014.

## Fleet status

As of 1 April 2017, nine KiYa 143 locomotives were in operation, allocated as follows.
| Number | Delivered | Depot allocation (as of 1 April 2017) |
| KiYa 143-1 | February 2014 | Kanazawa |
| KiYa 143-2 | March 2014 | Kanazawa |
| KiYa 143-3 | 19 October 2016 | Fukuchiyama |
| KiYa 143-4 | 1 November 2016 | Goto |
| KiYa 143-5 | 14 November 2016 | Tsuruga |
| KiYa 143-6 | 27 February 2017 | Fukuchiyama |
| KiYa 143-7 | 13 February 2017 | Goto |
| KiYa 143-8 | 15 March 2017 | Goto |
| KiYa 143-9 | 21 March 2017 | Tsuruga |

## Classification

While technically a diesel locomotive, the KiYa 143 is classified by JR West according to its diesel multiple unit (DMU) numbering scheme.
# PragerU Kids

PragerU Kids is the children's division of the controversial media organisation PragerU, created by Dennis Prager and kickstarted with venture capital from American petroleum industry businessmen Dan and Farris Wilks. PragerU Kids came to wider media attention in the United States following the state of Florida's decision to allow PragerU Kids videos to be shown in the state's schools.
Much of the content of PragerU Kids has come under scrutiny of media experts and educators, such as videos which downplay the Warsaw Uprising. Other messages within PragerU Kids videos include attempts to morally justify the British colonisation of India under the pretext of spreading Christianity and change, and Canada's healthcare system being inferior to the American one. In one PragerU Kids video, George Floyd, an American man who was killed in police custody, was described as "a Black man who resisted arrest". Some of the episodes are narrated by conservative media personalities such as Tucker Carlson and Candace Owens.

## Leo & Layla series

One of the video series released by PragerU Kids, titled Leo & Layla, features a pair of children who travel back in time to meet historical figures. Several of the videos in this series attempt to both defend and downplay the nature of slavery. In one video, the titular protagonists meet Christopher Columbus, who then defends slavery and demonizes the native people of America.
# Calvin Huey

Calvin Huey was the first African-American to play football at the United States Naval Academy, a doctor, coach, teacher, and businessman.

## History

Huey was born October 27, 1942, in Sartinville, Mississippi, to Harold Magee and Eartha Lee Huey. Huey was a 1961 graduate of Carver High School in Pascagoula, Mississippi. At Carver, he was team captain, MVP, and all-city, receiving all-city honors as a basketball player as well. Upon graduating, he briefly attended the Tuskegee Institute, then went to Oakland City College, where he was selected as an honorable mention All-American Junior College quarterback. Huey applied to his congressman in Mississippi for an appointment to the Naval Academy, but was refused on the grounds that he would be a "stain on Mississippi". A California representative was willing to nominate him, and he was accepted by the academy as a student, with no mention of his football prowess. When he reached Navy he tried out for the football team. Because there were so many quarterbacks trying out, he decided to try out as a wide receiver instead. He sufficiently impressed coaches Carl Schuette, Lee Corso and Steve Belichick to make the team; he also tried out for and made the basketball team. When Navy played Georgia Tech in 1964, he became the first black player to play at Bobby Dodd Stadium. He also became the first black person to play in an Army–Navy Game. In 1963, as a plebe, wearing number 49, he began the season as an end, before moving to flanker behind Navy's top receiver, Ed Orr. When Orr was injured during the third-from last game of the season, Huey earned the starting position and caught four touchdown passes from quarterback Roger Staubach. In 1967, Huey was one of two African-Americans to graduate from the academy. He was assigned to the USS Perry and served two tours of duty in Vietnam. He earned a PhD in chemistry from the University of Maryland (degree awarded in 1976), and returned to Navy as a professor and assistant football coach in 1973. He then left Navy to work for IBM for fourteen years, before retiring due to kidney failure.
In 2012, the Mississippi Legislature passed a bill titled "Calvin Huey; commend accomplishments and legacy of as Naval Academy academic and football phenomenon", recognizing Doctor Huey for his outstanding achievements in academics and athletics, overcoming the substantial barriers in his path.
In 2017, the city of Pascagoula placed an 18-foot-tall image of Huey, along with Jimmy Buffett, Trent Lott, and Sara Bailey Thomas on Main Street. Huey died from kidney failure on September 1, 2018.
# Jozef Gaganec

Jozef Gaganec (25 March 1793 – 22 December 1875) was a Rusyn Greek Catholic hierarch. He was the bishop of Slovak Catholic Eparchy of Prešov from 1843 to 1875.
Born in Vyšný Tvarožec, Austrian Empire (present day – Slovakia) in the Ruthenian family in 1793, he was ordained a priest on 8 March 1817 for the Ruthenian Catholic Eparchy of Mukacheve. He was confirmed as the Bishop of Eparchy by the Holy See on 30 January 1843. He was consecrated to the Episcopate on 25 June 1843. The principal consecrator was Bishop Vasyl Popovych, and the principal co-consecrators were Archbishop Aristaces Azarian and Bishop Johann Michael Leonhard.
He died in Prešov on 22 December 1875.
# Pleistodontes greenwoodi

Pleistodontes greenwoodi is a species of fig wasp which is native to Australia. It has an obligate mutualism with Ficus obliqua, the fig species it pollinates.
# Chin Chin (disambiguation)

Chin chin is a fried snack in West Africa.
Chin Chin or variants may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Chin Chin (album), by Skunkhour, 1997
* "Chin chin el teporocho" 1976 film directed by Gabriel Retes.
* Chin-Chin, a 1914–15 Broadway musical starring David C. Montgomery and Fred Stone
* Qinqin, a plucked Chinese lute
* Tchin-Tchin, also known as Chin-Chin, a 1959 French romantic comedy play
* Chinchin, a fictional character in the film Sixteen Fathoms Deep
* Chin Chinchin, a Toriko character
* Chinchin, metallic rattles used by Parachico dancers
* "Chinny chin chin", a phrase from The Three Little Pigs fable
* "Mera Naam Chin Chin Chu", a Bollywood song by Geeta Dutt

## Places

* Chinchin, a village in Armenia
* Chinchin, a hamlet of Astis, France
* Chinchin, an administrative division of Jasin District, Malaysia
* Chinchin, a river in Chile

## Other uses

* "Chin chin" or variants in different languages, a drinking toast
* Chin Chin Gutierrez (born 1969), Filipino actress and environmentalist
* "Chinchin", a Japanese word for penis (similar to "Willy" in English)
* Chin chin, a popular Nigerian fried snack made from chopped pastry strands.
# Philippa of Antioch

Philippa of Antioch (1148 – 1178) was a noblewoman from the Latin East.
Philippa was the daughter of Constance of Antioch and Raymond of Poitiers. Philippa's siblings were Bohemond III of Antioch and Maria of Antioch. In 1149, her father died in the Battle of Inab, and her mother remarried in 1153 to Raynald of Châtillon. From this marriage at least one daughter was born, Agnes.
Philippa was the mistress of Andronikos Komnenos in 1166–67. After she was abandoned by Andronikos, Philippa married Humphrey II of Toron. She had no children. Philippa died in 1178. She was buried at the church of St. Mary in the Valley of Josaphat.
# Prężynka

Prężynka (formerly Polish: Prężyna Mała) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubrza, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the Czech border. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Lubrza, 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Prudnik, and 42 km (26 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole. Historically located in Upper Silesia, in the Prudnik Land.

## Notable residents

* Albert Battel (1891–1952), German Righteous Among the Nations
# Sahiba Gafarova

Sahiba Ali gizi Gafarova (Azerbaijani: Sahibə Əli qızı Qafarova; born 19 March 1955) is an Azerbaijani politician and academic. She is chairwoman of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan since 2020.

## Biography

Gafarova was born on March 19, 1955, in Samkhor (Shamkir). She graduated from Faculty of Russian Language and Literature of Azerbaijan Pedagogical Institute of Russian Language and Literature and Faculty of English Philology of Azerbaijan Pedagogical Institute of Foreign Languages. In 1978–1981 she worked as a secondary school teacher in Shamkir. In 1981–2020 she worked as a laboratory assistant, teacher, senior teacher, associate professor, professor of Azerbaijan Pedagogical Institute of Russian Language and Literature, dean of Western languages faculty of Western University, head of European languages department of Baku Slavic University. In 2004–2020, Gafarova worked as Vice-Rector for International Relations of Baku Slavic University. From 2006 to 2007, she was at the University of Michigan Institute for Women and Gender Studies under the US State Department's Fulbright Scholarship Program.
In 2015–2020, she served as Deputy Chairman of Committee on Family, Women and Children of National Assembly. From 2013 to 2015, she chaired the subcommittees of Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe on Gender Equality and Racism and Xenophobia.
From 2015–2017, she was a Political Coordinator of Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe's "Women Free from Violence" Parliamentary Network, Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, Chairman of the Committee on Migration, Refugees and IDP of Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, and member of the Bureau. In 2018–2020, she was the head of Azerbaijani delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly. Gafarova has been a member of New Azerbaijan Party since 2004, and a deputy of 4th, 5th and 6th convocations of Milli Majlis.

## Awards

* Honored Teacher of the Republic of Azerbaijan — 14 December 2016.
* Order "Hyzmatdaşlygy ösdürmäge goşandy üçin"
# Valley Gardens, Louisville

Valley Gardens is a neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky, in the United States. It is centered along Johnsontown Road and Terry Road.

## Geography

Valley Gardens, Louisville is located at 38°7′17″N 85°52′29″W﻿ / ﻿38.12139°N 85.87472°W﻿ / 38.12139; -85.87472.