OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Szeged-Hódmezővásárhely Tram-train

The Szeged-Hódmezővásárhely Tram-train is a tram-train system in Hungary between the cities of Csongrád-Csanád County, Szeged (the county seat) and Hódmezővásárhely (a city with county rights). Construction began on 4 April 2018, and it was inaugurated on 29 November 2021.

## History

Many commute between the two cities during the school days, 60% of which by public transport. The cities are connected by regional buses and a train service that runs by the hour. The distance between the two bus stations is 26,2 km (16,2 miles) and the journey takes about 30–37 minutes (depending on the number of stops the bus has to take). Because of the traffic jams caused by the number of vehicles and the number of passengers, most buses are up to 10 minutes late.
There is also a train service between Szeged and Hódmezővásárhely provided by a fleet of diesel trains, however this system is poorly operated as there is only one track available with the trains running on an hourly basis with a maximum speed of 80 km/h (50 mph).
In 2007, a plan was made for the Szeged Transport Ltd. and by 2016 permission for construction was given.

## The project

The goal of the project is to create a modern, frequent, easy and fast mean of public transport between the two cities. The system is planned to connect with the old Szeged–Békéscsaba railway, tram line 1 in Szeged and there's also planning of creating a brand new tram system in Hódmezővásárhely the tram-train can connect with.

## Route

* Szeged pályaudvar
* Galamb utca
* Bécsi körút
* Aradi vértanúk tere
* Somogyi utca
* Széchenyi tér
* Anna-kút
* Rókusi templom
* Tavasz utca
* Damjanich utca
* Vásárhelyi Pál utca
* Pulz utca
* Rókus vasútállomás
* Algyő
* Hódmezővásárhelyi Népkert
* Strandfürdő
* Hősök tere
* Kossuth tér
* Kálvin János tér
* Hódmezővásárhely vasútállomás

## Fleet

In 2017, MÁV-START Zrt. (today MÁV Személyszállítási Zrt. a subsidiary of MÁV for passenger transport) ordered a tender for a fleet of hybrid diesel-electric tram-trains that would run on the system. This ended on February 8, 2017 with Stadler winning with its Stadler Citylink trams. The first vehicle was delivered by Stadler Rail Valencia in January 2021 with the last ones planned to arrive until the end of the year. Finally, the last one, Unit 012, arrived in September 2022. A maintenance depot was constructed at the Szeged-Rendező station.

## Criticism

The project received most of the criticism for its budget overruns. In 2017 János Lázár, former mayor of the town of Hódmezővásárhely criticized the National Infrastructure Developing Company (NIF Zrt.) for letting the price tag go up from the 23,5 billion HUF (approx. EUR 64 million) estimated in the feasibility study to 71 billion HUF (approx. EUR 193 million), as of 2017, mostly due to the price increase on the railway line reconstruction that costs 48,5 bln HUF. However, Lázár continued to support the project as the member of the government.
# Chen Haosu

Chen Haosu (born 1942, Chinese: 陈昊苏) is a Chinese poet and politician. He served as Chairman of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries from 2000 to 2011. He is also President of the China International Friendship Cities Association, China-Russia Friendship Association and China-EU Association.

## Biography

Born in May 1942, Chen is son of the late Marshal and Foreign Minister Chen Yi. Following his graduation from elementary school in 1953, Chen Hao Su went to Shanghai and enrolled in Nanyang Model Middle School. In 1954, upon his father Chen Yi's appointment as Vice Premier of the State Council, the family relocated to Beijing, where he enrolled in Huiwen Middle School and Beijing No.4 High School. In 1959, following his high school graduation, he dedicated one year to the Preparatory Department of the Beijing Foreign Languages College to prepare for his studies in the Soviet Union. Nevertheless, owing to the animosity between China and the Soviet Union, he was unable to pursue that path and subsequently enrolled in the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), specializing in Radiophysics.
Beginning in 1965, Chen was employed at the Second Research Institute of the 7th Ministry of Machinery and the Academy of Military Science of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). In 1981, he ascended to the position of secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League. By 1983, he had become the deputy secretary of the Fengtai District Committee of Beijing Municipality, subsequently serving as vice mayor the following year, before his appointment as vice minister of the Film and Television Bureau in 1987, and member of the 9th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee. Since 1990, he has served as Vice President of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (CPAFFC) and was promoted to President in 2000.
Apart from his political involvement, Chen used to be researcher at the People's Liberation Army Academy of Military Sciences. He now serves in the Global Executive Committee and as Asia-Pacific President of the United Cities and Local Governments.
He is also a published poet.

## Works

* Chen Haosu poetry. New Star Press. 2006. ISBN 9787801489647.
* Flight of the poem. Foreign Languages Press. 2008. ISBN 9787119053806.

## Honors

* Order of Friendship of Russia, 1992.
* Order of Merit of Ukraine, 3rd Class, 2010.
* Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd Class, Gold and Silver Star, 2012.
# David Ormerod

David Christopher Ormerod CBE, KC (Hon), DCL (Hon) is a Professor of Criminal Justice at the Faculty of Laws, University College London.
Born 1966 to parents Margaret (nee Schofield) and Derek; the second-born of three siblings

## Academic and legal career

Ormerod graduated with an LLB from the University of Essex in 1998, before working for a year as a lecturer there. He then moved to the University of Nottingham, where he worked as a lecturer and a senior lecturer, meeting Professor John Cyril Smith, who later invited him to edit Smith and Hogan's Criminal Law. Smith passed away in 2003, as Ormerod took professorships at the University of Hull and University of Leeds, before moving to Queen Mary University of London in 2007. In 2010, Ormerod took up a position as Law Commissioner at the Law Commission of England and Wales, responsible for all law reform projects relating to the criminal law.
During his secondment, Ormerod was made King's (then Queen's) Counsel (honoris causa, 2013), appointed as Professor of Criminal Justice at University College London, and appointed a deputy High Court judge in 2018. Ormerod was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2021 New Year Honours for services to criminal justice.

## Impact

Ormerod has for over two decades been editor, now with Karl Laird, of Smith, Hogan and Ormerod's Criminal Law (Laird's name added in 2018 in the 15th Edition). Originally Smith and Hogan, this volume is considered persuasive authority in England and Wales and other common law jurisdictions. Ormerod is also editor of Blackstone's Criminal Practice, was Consultant Editor for Halsbury's Laws of England Criminal Law (2020) and Criminal Evidence and Procedure (2021), and was General Editor of the Criminal Law Review (2012-2023).
Ormerod's work at the Law Commission was varied and impactful. Reforms to the Sentencing Code led to the Sentencing Act 2020, proposals around contempt of court rules in the digital age led to reforms in the Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015, and discussion continues about how to respond to proposals stemming from reports around misconduct in public office, offences against the person and insanity defences. In relation to the Sentencing Code, parliamentarians have descrived Ormerod as the "principal driver", and the work "extraordinary", "exceptional", the result of "brilliant imagination", and whose "work on this and other measures has been of singular importance in improving the quality of our criminal law".
Ormerod is widely acknowledged as a transformative force in English law. During the passage of the Domestic Abuse Act 2021, upon accepting amendments concerning strangulation and suffocation advised upon by Ormerod, the Government, through then-minister David Wolfson, Baron Wolfson of Tredegar, noted that this was "not the first time, and will not be the last, that [Ormerod] has contributed significantly to the criminal law of this country".
# Colin McDonald

Colin McDonald may refer to:
* Colin McDonald (Australian cricketer) (1928–2021), Australian cricketer
* Colin McDonald (New Zealand cricketer) (1948-2005), New Zealand cricketer
* Colin McDonald (footballer, born 1930), English football goalkeeper
* Colin McDonald (footballer, born 1974), Scottish football forward
* Colin McDonald (ice hockey) (born 1984), American ice hockey player
* Colin MacGilp MacDonald, British historian and author
# Drávacsepely

Drávacsepely is a village in Baranya county, Hungary.
# 2000 in UFC

The year 2000 was the 8th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States. In 2000 the UFC held 6 events beginning with, UFC 24: First Defense.

## Title fights

* ↑ For the vacant UFC Light Heavyweight Championship.
* ↑ For the UFC Welterweight Championship.
* ↑ For the UFC Heavyweight Championship.
* ↑ For the UFC Heavyweight Championship.
* ↑ For the UFC Welterweight Championship.
* ↑ For the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship.

## Debut UFC fighters

The following fighters fought their first UFC fight in 2000:

## Events list

| # | Event | Date | Venue | Location | Attendance |
| 033 | UFC 29: Defense of the Belts | Dec 16, 2000 | Differ Ariake Arena | Tokyo, Japan | 1,414 |
| 032 | UFC 28: High Stakes | Nov 17, 2000 | Trump Taj Mahal Casino Resort | Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S. | — |
| 031 | UFC 27: Ultimate Bad Boyz | Sep 22, 2000 | Lakefront Arena | New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. | — |
| 030 | UFC 26: Ultimate Field Of Dreams | Jun 9, 2000 | Five Seasons Events Center | Cedar Rapids, Iowa, U.S. | 1,100 |
| 029 | UFC 25: Ultimate Japan 3 | Apr 14, 2000 | Yoyogi National Gymnasium | Tokyo, Japan | — |
| 028 | UFC 24: First Defense | Mar 10, 2000 | Lake Charles Civic Center | Lake Charles, Louisiana, U.S. | — |

## UFC 27: Ultimate Bad Boyz

UFC 27 was an event held in New Orleans, Louisiana, on September 22, 2000, and the last event held by the UFC before its adoption of the new "Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts".

### Results

* ↑ Light Heavyweight under modern classification
* ↑ Welterweight under modern classification
* ↑ Light Heavyweight under modern classification
* ↑ Welterweight under modern classification
# Fox Forest Wildlife Management Area

Fox Forest Wildlife Management Area (WMA) is located south of Elkins, West Virginia in Randolph County. It is located along the Tygart Valley River and is adjacent to the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources' Elkins Operations Center.
# Ilhom Suyunov

Ilhom Suyunov (born 17 May 1983) is an Uzbekistani footballer currently playing for Uzbek League club Lokomotiv Tashkent as a defender.

## Career

In 2004–2013 Suyunov played for Pakhtakor Tashkent. On 12 July 2013 he signed a contract with Lokomotiv Tashkent after playing 10 seasons for Pakhtakor.

## International

Suyunov has made 21 appearances for the Uzbekistan national football team, scoring 1 goal.

## Honours
### Pakhtakor

* Uzbek League (5): 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2012
* Uzbek Cup (6): 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011
* CIS cup: 2007
* AFC Champions League Semi-final (1): 2004

### Lokomotiv

* Uzbek League runner-up (1): 2013

## Career statistics
### Goals for Senior National Team

| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 28 October 2007 | Taipei, Taiwan | Chinese Taipei | 2–0 | Won | 2010 FIFA World Cup Qualification |
# Repair monopoly

A repair monopoly is an aftermarket monopoly where a company controls the market for repairing and maintaining their products, making it difficult, or even impossible for anyone to be able fix them. This can take the form of making it challenging or prohibitively expensive for individuals or independent third parties to get access to parts, manuals, or diagnostic tools. The purpose of repair monopolies is to steer customers back to the manufacturer’s own repair services or encourage the purchase of new equipment instead of repairing it.
Repair monopolies have been found lead to higher prices, increased delays, reduced serviceability, and less choice for consumers.
# Amélie Jakobovits

Amélie Jakobovits, Baroness Jakobovits (née Munk; 31 May 1928 – 7 May 2010) was a British charity patron, and the wife of Immanuel Jakobovits, Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth, and an important figure in Jewish life in the UK in her own right, who was known as the "Queen Mother" of the UK's Jewish community.

## Early life

She was born Amélie Munk on 31 May 1928 in Ansbach, Bavaria, Germany, the daughter of Elie Munk (1900–1981), a rabbi and rabbinic scholar, and his wife, Fanny Frumet Munk, née Goldberger (1906–1979). In 1936, they moved to Paris, and after the Nazi invasion, moved to Switzerland in 1940, and remained there until Paris was liberated.

## Career

Unusually in Orthodox Jewish life, she mediated between her husband and Menachem Mendel Schneerson, who was the Lubavitcher Rebbe, leader of one of the largest Hassidic groups, on matters relating to Israel. Her husband was far more of a "dove", and Schneerson was quite "hawkish". This was made possible by a longstanding connection between them - she had even played football as a child with Schneerson in pre-war France.
She led the first marches in support of the Soviet Jewry movement, supporting Jews being allowed to leave the Eastern Bloc for resettling in Israel.
She did extensive charity work, including Yad Sarah, Emunah and Kisharon. After her husband died, she became known as the "Queen Mother" of the UK's Jewish community.

## Personal life

She met her future husband Immanuel Jakobovits through a family friend, and Jakobovits proposed to her at the top of the Eiffel Tower. They had two sons and four daughters.
She was a cousin of the American writer on the Holocaust Deborah Lipstadt.

## Later life

She died at the Royal Free Hospital, London, of bronchopneumonia and heart failure, on 7 May 2010. Her death was mourned by a crowd of 5,000 on the Shirehall Estate in Hendon, London, where she had lived in her later years. She was buried next to her husband on the Mount of Olives, Israel.
# Australian Institute of Health and Welfare

The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) is Australia's national agency for information and statistics on Australia's health and welfare. Statistics and data developed by the AIHW are used extensively to inform discussion and policy decisions on health, community services and housing assistance. Under Australia's constitution, health and welfare services are primarily delivered by the states and territories, who are also mainly responsible for the collection of statistics on these services. A fundamental aim of the institute is to promote consistency among national, state and territory statistics, in order to produce comprehensive national data of the highest standard.
The AIHW is an Australian Government statutory agency established under the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Act 1987. The Act contains very strong confidentiality protections for all data held, and requires the AIHW to publish two key biennial reports in alternate years: Australia's health and Australia's welfare. Numerous other reports are produced each year, all of which are available free of charge on the AIHW website.
In 2016, the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and the National Hospital Performance Authority merged.
# Clare Foges

Clare Foges OBE is a columnist for The Times, a presenter on LBC, and an author of children's books. Previously, she worked as a speechwriter for David Cameron and as an ice cream vendor.

## Early life

In the mid-2000s, Foges responded to an advertisement seeking an ice cream seller. Subsequently, for a period, she divided her time between serving ice cream from a van in Guildford for four days a week, and working at the Westminster office of MP John Hayes for the remaining three days. After discontinuing her role as an ice cream vendor, she began to work on Boris Johnson's campaign to become Mayor of London. Later, she served in his administration at City Hall.
In 2008, she became a member of David Cameron's team as a speechwriter.

## Publications

Foges has written several books for children.
| # | Title | Author | Illustrator | Publication Year | Publisher | Edition | Available Formats | Language |
| 1 | Veg Patch Party | Clare Foges | Al Murphy | 2020 | Faber and Faber, London | Main | eBook, print book | English |
| 2 | Kitchen Disco | Clare Foges | Al Murphy | 2017 | Faber and Faber Limited, London | | Print book, eBook | English |
| 3 | Bathroom Boogie | Clare Foges | Al Murphy | 2017 | Faber & Faber, London | | Print book | English |
# William Rea (long jumper)

William Rea (born 3 February 1952) is an Austrian athlete. He competed in the men's long jump at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Rea was a seven-time All American for the Pittsburgh Panthers track and field team in the NCAA. His best finish was 2nd in the long jump at the 1974 NCAA Indoor Track and Field Championships.
# Israel La'ad

Israel La'ad is an Israeli charity founded in 2004 to aid the underprivileged through a variety of programs: afternoon homework assistance, and a Ride for Pride bike riding program for teenagers at risk, and a food delivery program for the elderly.

## Afternoon Homework Assistance

The afternoon homework assistance program helps 6, 7 & 8th grade youth at risk develop skills necessary to become successful students. This age group appears to be the most receptive to this type of aid.
Israel La'ad works with children who are identified by welfare agencies as being in danger of dropping out of school or of getting involved with crime or drugs. Priority is given to children of immigrants who suffer from a high rate of unemployment and who have had difficulty integrating within Israeli society. These kids live in homes that cannot provide basic learning tools or conditions necessary to do homework or review school lessons.
The program provides teachers who work with between 3 and 5 children. After the teacher identifies each child's weakness, the kids are referred to a teacher for 1 on 1 tutoring the best kind of tutoring you can give.

## Ride for Pride

"Ride for Pride" is a bike program for youth at risk of dropping out of school. It provides children with an incentive and reward for working hard in school. It instills in them a sense of belonging and achievement and a love and appreciation of Israel. Ride for pride started in 2005 in the towns of Qatzrin and Gedera.
The project has received enthusiastic feedback from teachers and social workers who are impressed with the transformation the children have experienced. It has gotten children from low socio-economic backgrounds to excel at school and introduced them to a healthy sport they might otherwise have been denied.

## Feed the Hungry

"Feed the Hungry" is a food delivery program that operates in the towns of Ashdod, Yavne' and Kiryat Malachi, where the need is significant. Volunteers deliver "Weekend Baskets" of basic necessities every Thursday evening to over 500 needy families. Recipients are mainly elderly and lonely people including many Holocaust survivors in their 70s or 80s, or new immigrants. The program also assists younger families experiencing economic stress or extended periods of unemployment. It provides the needy with a ray of hope and a steady supply of ample nourishing food
# Clemens Tönnies

Clemens Tönnies (ˈkleːmɛns ˈtœnjəs) is a German billionaire who owns 45% of the meat processing company Tönnies Holding. Forbes estimates his wealth at 1.6 billion US dollars. From 2001 to 2010, he was a chairman of the supervisory board of the football club FC Schalke 04.

## Life

Tönnies was born as the son of the butcher Klemens Tönnies and his wife Maria in Rheda, where he grew up with six siblings. Clemens Tönnies took over the company after his brother Bernd Tönnies died of a lung infection following a heart attack in 1994.

### Investigation of tax evasion (2012)

In 2012, German tax investigators searched Clemens Tönnies' office due to suspected tax evasion.

### Omission in Tummel merger (2013)

In January 2013, the German Federal Cartel Office fined Clemens Tönnies 90,000 euros (of the maximum 100,000) because he had omitted his shares in the Zur Mühlen Group when attempting to merge his company with the slaughterhouse company Tummel. The Cartel Office cited the shares as a main reason for rejecting the merger.

### CumEx deals (2014)

Clemens Tönnies obtained public funds from the German tax administration via CumEx deals. In these deals, he obtained refunds of taxes he had never paid.

### Price collusion and avoiding a 128M fine (2016)

The Tönnies subsidiaries Böklunder, Plumrose and Karl Könecke Fleischwarenfabrik engaged in price fixing and were fined 128 million euros by the Federal Cartel Office. However, the antitrust agency was unable to obtain the fines, because Clemens Tönnies had transferred the companies' activities to the Zur Mühlen Group and then liquidated the subsidiaries due to pay fines. As a result of this, the German government closed this loophole in September 2016.

### Controversial comment (2019)

In August 2019, Tönnies spoke at the Tag des Handwerks Paderborn conference. He criticised the idea of raising certain taxes to fight climate change. In his talk, Tönnies suggested that Gerd Müller (CSU), at the time minister for Economic Cooperation and Development, "should finance power plants in Africa instead, and he will then send 20 large power plants to Africa every year. Then they will stop cutting down trees and they will stop producing children when it's dark, when we electrify them." This was widely criticised as racist, for instance by the German news magazine Der Spiegel.

### COVID outbreak (2020)

In June 2020, government-mandated mass testing for SARS-CoV-2 found that at least 1,500 of 7,000 workers at the main Tönnies plant in Rheda-Wiedenbrück were infected. On 18 June 2020, parents and children held a demonstration in front of Tönnies' house, since due to the danger of infection, schools and kindergartens had been closed.

### Leaving the FC Schalke 04 board

Fans of FC Schalke 04 demanded that Tönnies step down from the club's board, including with a human chain of around 1,000 fans around the stadium on 27 June 2020. Tönnies resigned on 30 June 2020 with immediate effect.

### Dealing with criticism (2021)

Clemens Tönnies has sued a camera team, which led the German TV show Akte [de] to make an episode about how he deals with critics.
# Artin Jelow

Artin Jelow (also Atin Jilao) is a village in Badakhshan Province's Argo District in northeastern Afghanistan. It is roughly 16 miles (26 km) southeast of the village of Rostaq. There is a bridge over the Kokcha River there. In the 1970s, the village population was primarily Tajik.