OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 879

Year 879 (DCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* April 10 – King Louis the Stammerer dies at Compiègne, after a reign of 18 months. He is succeeded by his two sons, Louis III and Carloman II. They are crowned at Ferrières Abbey, and rule the West Frankish Kingdom together as joint-kings.
* Baldwin I ("Iron Arm") dies, after 15 years as margrave of Flanders. He is buried in the Abbey of Saint Bertin (near Saint-Omer), and is succeeded by his son Baldwin II.
* Oleg, brother-in-law of the Varangian ruler Rurik, is entrusted to take care of his kingdom Novgorod after his death. He becomes regent of his son Igor.
* King Charles the Fat becomes ruler of the Kingdom of Italy, after the abdication of his brother Carloman of Bavaria, who has been incapacitated by a stroke.

#### Britain

* King Alfred the Great establishes a series of fortified villages (or burhs) to protect Wessex against Viking raids. He creates a standing army to defend the strategic ports, and builds a network of well-maintained army roads (known as herepaths).
* Viking leader Guthrum becomes 'king' of East Anglia. A Viking fleet sails up the River Thames, and builds a camp at Fulham (near London) to prepare for an invasion of France.

#### Arabian Empire

* Zanj Rebellion: The Abbasid Caliphate concentrates its efforts against the Zanj rebels in Mesopotamia. The Abbasid general Al-Mu'tadid leads an expeditionary force (10,000 men) to suppress the revolt. This marks the turning-point of the war.

#### Asia

* Guangzhou Massacre: The Chinese rebel leader Huang Chao besieges the seaport in Guangzhou, and slaughters many of its inhabitants and foreign merchants. According to sources, the death toll ranges from 120,000 to 200,000 foreigners.

### By topic
#### Religion

* Fourth Council of Constantinople: Emperor Basil I calls for a synod, and reinstates Photius I as patriarch of Constantinople.
* June 7 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia, under Duke (knyaz) Branimir, as an independent state.
* Wilfred the Hairy, count of Barcelona, founds the Benedictine monastery at Ripoll, in Catalonia (Spain).

## Births

* September 17 – Charles the Simple, king of the West Frankish Kingdom (d. 929)
* October 19 – Yingtian, empress of the Khitan Liao Dynasty (d. 953)

## Deaths

* April 10 – Louis the Stammerer, king of the West Frankish Kingdom (b. 846)
* April 18 – Seishi, empress of Japan (b. 810)
* June 5 – Ya'qub ibn al-Layth, founder of the Saffarid Dynasty (b. 840)
* Abi'l-Saj Devdad, Sogdian prince
* Áed Findliath, high king of Ireland
* Ahmad ibn al-Khasib al-Jarjara'i, Muslim vizier
* Ansegisus, archbishop of Sens (or 883)
* Baldwin I, margrave of Flanders
* Ceolwulf II, king of Mercia (approximate date)
* Cormac mac Ciaran, Irish abbot
* Gebhard, Frankish nobleman
* Gérard II, Frankish nobleman (or 877)
* Hincmar, Frankish bishop
* Landulf II, bishop and count of Capua
* Li Wei, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
* Rurik, prince of Novgorod
* Sulayman ibn Abdallah, Muslim governor
* Suppo II, duke of Spoleto (approximate date)
* Zdeslav, duke (knyaz) of Croatia
# 944

Year 944 (CMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### By place
#### Byzantine Empire

* Arab–Byzantine War: Byzantine forces are defeated by Sayf al-Dawla. He captures the city of Aleppo, and extends his control over the Al-Jazira–Upper Mesopotamia region. Al-Dawla's rule is recognized by the Ikhshidids. With the recovery of Edessa, the Greeks also obtain the fabled Image of Edessa.
* August 15 – The "Holy Mandylion" (a cloth with the face of Jesus) is conveyed to Constantinople, where it arrives on the feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos. A triumphal entry is staged for the relic in the capital.
* December 16 – Emperor Romanos I is arrested and deposed after a 14-year reign by his own sons, the co-emperors Stephen and Constantine. He is carried off to the Prince Islands and forced to become a monk.

#### Europe

* King Hugh of Provence dispatches an embassy to King Otto I of the East Frankish Kingdom, offering a large sum of cash if he promises not to provide assistance to Berengar of Ivrea. Otto refuses this offer.
* Raymond III (or Pons I), count of Toulouse, travels to Nevers (southeast of Paris) to declare his fidelity to king Louis IV ("d'Outremer"). He is granted the title 'prince of the Aquitanians' by the king.
* The largest recorded epidemic of ergotism, also known as "Saint Anthony's Fire, kills 40,000 people in France.

#### England

* King Edmund I regains (with the help of Danish settlers) the territory he ceded to Olaf Guthfrithson. He conquers Northumbria and cedes Cumberland to Malcolm I, king of the 'Picts and Scots'.
* A great storm sweeps across Wessex and many houses are destroyed, 1,500 in London alone (a significant proportion of the town).

#### Africa

* Abu Yazid, a Kharijite Berber leader, launches a rebellion in the Aurès Mountains (modern Algeria) against the Fatamids, seeking aid from the Caliphate of Córdoba in Al-Andalus.
* The cities of Algiers and Miliana are re-founded by the Zirid ruler (emir) Buluggin ibn Ziri.

### By topic
#### Religion

* The Al-Askari Mosque is built in Samarra (modern Iraq).

## Births

* Abd al-Malik I, Samanid emir (d. 961)
* Al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad, Muslim imam (d. 1020)
* Fujiwara no Akimitsu, Japanese bureaucrat (d. 1021)
* Fujiwara no Sukemasa, Japanese statesman (d. 998)
* Ibn Juljul, Muslim physician (approximate date)
* John VIII bar Abdoun, patriarch of Antioch (d. 1033)
* Otto (or Odo), duke of Burgundy (d. 965)

## Deaths

* February 25 – Lin Ding, Chinese official and chancellor
* April 8 – Wang Yanxi, emperor of Min (Ten Kingdoms)
* April 23 – Wichmann the Elder, Frankish nobleman
* Abu Mansur al-Maturidi, Muslim theologian (b. 853)
* Abu Tahir al-Jannabi, Qarmatian ruler (b. 906)
* Choe Eon-wui, Korean minister and calligrapher (b. 868)
* Donnchad Donn, High King of Ireland
* Duan Siping, ruler of Dali (approximate date)
* Fang Gao, Chinese official and chief of staff
* Flaithbertach mac Inmainén, Irish abbot
* Harshavarman II, Angkorian king
* Li, empress of Min (Ten Kingdoms)
* Liu Hongchang, Chinese chancellor
* Mahipala I, Gurjara-Pratihara king
* Ngo Quyen, Vietnamese king
* Wang Yacheng, Chinese prince
# Rich (given name)

Rich is a masculine given name, often short for Richard. People with the name include:
* Rich Baska (born 1952), American football player
* Rich Brightman (born 1990), American singer-songwriter
* Rich Campbell (American football) (born 1958), American former National Football League quarterback
* Rich Coady (center) (born 1944), American National Football League center
* Rich Coady (defensive back) (born 1976), American National Football League defensive back, son of the above
* Rich Cronin (1974–2010), American singer-songwriter, member of the band LFO
* Rich Eisen (born 1969), American television journalist
* Rich Franklin (born 1974), American retired mixed martial artist
* Rich Gannon (born 1965), American football player
* Rich Hall (born 1954), American comedian
* Rich Hill (baseball coach) (born 1962), American head baseball coach at the University of San Diego
* Rich Hill (pitcher) (born 1980), American Major League Baseball pitcher
* Rich Johnson (basketball) (1946–1994), American basketball player
* Rich Johnson (publishing executive), publishing executive in the field of graphic novels
* Rich Jones (basketball) (born 1946), retired American Basketball Association and National Basketball Association player
* Rich Jones (musician) (born 1973), English guitarist
* Rich King (basketball) (born 1969), American National Basketball Association player
* Rich King (sportscaster) (born 1947), American television sportscaster
* Rich Kreitling (1936–2020), American retired National Football League player
* Rich Lowry (born 1968), American magazine editor, syndicated columnist, author and political commentator
* Rich Milot (1957–2021), American retired National Football League player
* Rich Moore (born 1963), American animation director
* Rich Moore (American football) (born 1947), American football player
* Rich Mullins (1955–1997), American contemporary Christian music singer and songwriter
* Rich Ricci (born 1964), American-British banker and racehorse owner
* Rich Robertson (left-handed pitcher) (born 1968), American former Major League Baseball pitcher
* Rich Robertson (right-handed pitcher) (born 1944), American former Major League Baseball pitcher
* Rich Rodriguez (born 1963), American football coach and former player
* Rich Sommer (born 1978), American actor
* Rich Swann (born 1991), American professional wrestler
* Rich Thomaselli (born 1957), American football player
* Rich Thompson (disambiguation)
* Rich Vos (born 1957), American stand-up comedian, writer and actor
* Rich Wilson (journalist), UK-based freelance rock music writer
# 1015

Year 1015 (MXV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### By place
#### Asia

* October – Influential Japanese statesman Fujiwara no Michinaga is appointed to be Associate Regent.
* November – The newly constructed Japanese imperial residence burns down.
* Peacocks arrive from the Chinese Song Empire to Fujiwara's mansion in Japan.

#### Europe

* July 15 – Vladimir the Great dies at Berestove after a 35-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Sviatopolk I as Grand Prince of Kiev.
* Summer – King Cnut the Great of Denmark launches an invasion of Mercia and Northumbria in England.
* Emperor Henry II launches a German expedition against Duke Bolesław I the Brave. He invades Poland, but is stopped by Bolesław's forces at Krosno, on the Oder River.
* Earl Eric Haakonsson outlaws berserkers in Norway.
* Olaf Haraldsson declares himself King of Norway.

## Births

* Andrew I ("the Catholic"), king of Hungary (d. 1060)
* Altmann, bishop of Passau (approximate date)
* Ermesinda of Bigorre, queen of Aragon (d. 1049)
* Eustace II, count of Boulogne (approximate date)
* Ferdinand I, king of León and Castile (d. 1065)
* Frozza Orseolo, margravine of Austria (d. 1071)
* Harald Hardrada, king of Norway (d. 1066)
* Herman IV, duke of Swabia (approximate date)
* John Komnenos, Byzantine aristocrat (d. 1067)
* Michael V Kalaphates, Byzantine emperor (d. 1042)
* Otto II, margrave of Montferrat (approximate date)
* Robert Guiscard, Norman nobleman (d. 1085)
* Roger de Beaumont, Norman nobleman (d. 1094)

## Deaths

* February 5 – Adelaide, German abbess and saint
* February 13 – Gilbert of Meaux, French bishop
* July 15 – Vladimir the Great, Grand Prince of Kiev
* September 1 – Gero II, margrave of the Saxon Ostmark
* September 12 – Lambert I, count of Louvain (b. 950)
* December 14 – Arduin of Ivrea, king of Italy (b. 955)
* December 20 – Eido I, bishop of Meissen (b. 955)
* date unknown
** Æthelmær the Stout, English ealdorman
** Al-Sharif al-Radi, Persian Shi'ite scholar (b. 970)
** Gavril Radomir, emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria
** Geoffrey (or Godfrey), count of Eu (b. 962)
** Herbert III, count of Vermandois (b. 953)
** Hugh III, count of Maine (approximate date)
** Ibn Furak, Muslim imam and theologian (b. 941)
** Irene of Larissa, empress (tsarina) of Bulgaria
** Liu Zong, Chinese official of the Song Dynasty
** Masawaih al-Mardini, Syrian physician and writer
** Morcar (or Morkere), English minister (thegn)
** Owain ap Dyfnwal, king of Strathclyde (Scotland)
** Rodulf of Ivry, Norman nobleman (approximate date)
** Sigeferth (or Sigefrith), English chief minister
** Vikramaditya V, Indian ruler of the Chalukya Empire
# Varney Kallon

Varney Kallon Kiatamba Jr. (born 24 April 1993) is a Liberian professional footballer who plays as a center-back for Calcutta Customs.

## Career

Born in Liberia, Kallon began his career with Liberian Second Division League side Haja Football Club before moving to Karn United. He soon then moved to first division side LPRC Oilers. In 2013, Kallon decided to move abroad to Myanmar and signed for MNL-2 side Chin United. While with Chin United, Kallon helped the club earn promotion to the Myanmar National League.
After helping Chin United earn promotion, Kallon travelled to Kerala in India on the request of footballer Eric Brown to renew his visa. He soon then moved to India permanently and signed for Vasco of the I-League 2nd Division and Goa Professional League. He spent a season with Vasco before fellow African footballer Chika Wali recommended Kallon to I-League 2nd Division club NEROCA. He soon then signed for the club in 2016.
While with the club, Kallon participated in the Durand Cup and the Manipur State League. In May 2017, Kallon helped NEROCA earn promotion to the I-League.
On 1 December 2017, Kallon made his professional debut for NEROCA in the I-League against Minerva Punjab. He started and played the whole match as NEROCA lost 2–1. Two weeks later, Kallon scored his first goal in the league for the club against Chennai City. His goal was the first in a 2–1 victory. Kallon then scored the only goal for NEROCA in a 1–0 victory over Gokulam Kerala. At the end of the season, after leading NEROCA to a second-place finish in their debut season, Kallon was adjudged as the I-League's Best Defender of the Season. After the season ended, it was announced that Kallon had signed a new contract with NEROCA, keeping him with the club till 2020.

## International

On 5 June 2017, Kallon made his international debut for Liberia in a friendly against Sierra Leone. He started the match as Liberia won 1–0.

## Professional career statistics

    As of 19 April 2018
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| NEROCA | 2017–18 | I-League | 18 | 2 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 20 | 2 |
| NEROCA | 2018–19 | I-League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 18 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 2 |

### International

    As of 5 June 2017
Liberia national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2017 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 1 | 0 |

## Honors

Chin United
* Myanmar National League 2: 2013
Peerless
* Calcutta Premier Division A: 2019–20
Individual
* 2017–18 I-League – Jarnail Singh Award for Best Defender
# Ding Lingguang

Ding Lingguang (丁令光; 485 – 3 January 527), formally known as Empress Dowager Mu (穆皇太后), was an imperial concubine of Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty. She was a native of Qiao County (谯国), today's Bozhou City, Anhui Province.

## Life

Ding Lingguang was born a commoner in Qiao County. A legend details that when she was born, light filled the room. At age fourteen, Xiao Yan, then Governor of Yongzhou (雍州刺史), fell in love with her. Her parents broke Ding's then-engagement and offered her as a concubine to Xiao Yan.
In September or October 501, Concubine Ding gave birth to her first child, a son, named Xiao Tong (蕭統). In April of the next year, Xiao Yan established the Liang dynasty. He awarded Ding the title of Noble Imperial Concubine, one of the highest titles held by women in Liang Dynasty. Her only son at that time, Xiao Tong, was made Crown Prince (皇太子). They both lived in Xianyang hall.
Ding Lingguang disliked splendid or gorgeous ornaments, gaining the favor of the Emperor and the respect of lesser ranking concubines. On December 2, 503, Noble Imperial Concubine Ding gave birth to Xiao Gang (蕭綱) and in 506 gave birth to Xiao Xu (蕭續).
She died in January 527 and her husband honored her as Consort Mu (穆妃). Her son, Crown Prince Xiao Tong, died in May 531 before his father and was succeeded by his full-brother, Xiao Gang. After Xiao Gang became Emperor, he elevated his mother's status, posthumously honoring her as Empress Dowager Mu (穆太后).

## Title

* During the reign of Emperor Wu of Southern Qi (11 April 482 – 27 August 493)
** Lady Ding (丁氏; from 484)
* During the reign of Xiao Baojuan of Southern Qi (498–501)
** Concubine (妾; from 498)
* During the reign of Emperor Wu of Liang (30 April 502–549)
** Noble Imperial Concubine (貴嬪; from August 502)
** Consort Mu (穆妃; from 526)
* During the reign of Emperor Jianwen of Liang (549–551)
** Empress Dowager Mu (穆太后; after 549)

## Issue

* As a Concubine:
** Xiao Tong, Emperor Zhaoming (昭明皇帝 蕭統; 501–30 May 531), Xiao Yan's 1st son
* As a Noble Imperial Concubine:
** Xiao Gang, Emperor Jianwen (簡文皇帝 蕭綱; 2 December 503 – 551), Xiao Yan's third son
** Xiao Xu, Prince Lulingwei (廬陵威王 蕭續; 506–547), Xiao Yan's fifth son
# 621

Year 621 (DCXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 621 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Byzantine Empire

* Emperor Heraclius concludes a peace agreement (in exchange for an annual tribute) with the Avars on the Balkan Peninsula, giving him a free hand to assemble Byzantine forces in Asia Minor, for non-military expenditure against the Persian Empire.
* The city of Málaga, in southern Spain in the province of Spania, is conquered by the Visigoths.

#### Europe

* King Sisebut dies after a 9-year reign and is succeeded by his son Reccared II (just a child). Reccared is placed on the throne by the Visigothic nobility, but dies after two months. Suintila, his half-uncle and regent, becomes king of the Visigothic Kingdom.

#### Asia

* Emperor Gaozu delegates control of his military and civil administration in the east to his second son, Li Shimin. He concentrates on reforming coinage (→ Kaiyuan Tongbao) and taxation.
* May 28 – Battle of Hulao: Li Shimin defeats the numerically superior army of Dou Jiande near the Hulao Pass.
* June 4 – Wang Shichong, self-declared emperor, surrenders to Li Shimin at Luoyang following Dou Jiande's defeat. Gaozu spares his life, but he is later assassinated.

### By topic
#### Religion

* Islamic tradition says Muhammad visited heaven aboard the winged mount Buraq, in the Isra wal-Miraj, (the Night Journey), from Mecca to Jerusalem, then to heaven from Jerusalem's Temple Mount, then back to Mecca.

#### Technology

* The Chinese establish an imperial bureau for the manufacture of porcelain. Their technology will advance further under the Tang dynasty (approximate date).

## Births

* Ardashir III, king of the Persian Empire (d. 629)
* Gertrude of Nivelles, Frankish abbess (d. 659)
* Suraqah al-Bariqi, Arab poet (d. 698)

## Deaths

* November 15 – Malo, Welsh bishop
* Dou Jiande, general of the Sui dynasty (b. 573)
* Dou Kang, general of the Sui dynasty
* Reccared II, king of the Visigoths
* Sisebut, king of the Visigoths
* Wang Shichong, general of the Sui dynasty
* Xiao Xian, prince of the Liang dynasty (b. 583)
* Zhu Can, rebel leader during the Sui dynasty
# Carlos Mold

Carlos Mold was a rugby union international and cricket international who represented Argentina's rugby side in 1910 and the Argentina cricket team from 1920 to 1922.

## Early life

Charles Trevor Mold was born on 20 July 1885 in Argentina. His father, Charles Mold, was a broker who had emigrated to Argentina from England with his wife Elizabeth. Charles had a younger sister, Alice. He attended Dulwich College in England and there excelled at sport playing in the school cricket (1901–1902) and rugby sides.

## Rugby union career

Mold played his club rugby for Buenos Aires Cricket & Rugby Club and was selected to play the touring Combined British in their 1910 tour of Argentina. This was Argentina's first recognised test and although they lost to the tourists it was a great boon to rugby in the country.

## Military

During World War I, Mold was enrolled in the Inns of Court OTC, registration 14279 His occupation at this time was a rancher.

## Cricket

As a cricketer he played for his school side, which in itself was a distinction given Dulwich College's reputation for cricket at the turn of the twentieth century. He played a number of matches for the South of Argentina vs the North of Argentina, from 21 February 1909 to 2 March 1924 and after the First World War also played in international matches for Argentina against both Chile and Brazil, opening the batting on more than one occasion.
# 1037

Year 1037 (MXXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* Spring – A revolt in northern Italy is started by Archbishop Aribert of Milan. King Henry III (eldest son of Emperor Conrad II) travels south of the Alps to quell it.
* February – At an Imperial Diet in Pavia (assembled by Conrad II), Aribert is accused of fomenting a revolt against the Holy Roman Empire, Conrad orders his arrest.
* May – Conrad II, with Pavian assistance, lays siege to Milan at the Porta Romana side, but the city holds out. In Rome, Pope Benedict IX deposes Aribert as archbishop.
* May 28 – Conrad II decrees the Constitutio de Feudis which protects the rights of the valvassores (knights and burghers of the cities) in Lombardia (modern Italy).
* Summer – A Byzantine expeditionary force under George Maniakes lands at Sicily, and defeats the Zirids. Maniakes begins his campaign to reconquer the island.
* September 4 – Battle of Tamarón: Ferdinand I defeats and kills his brother-in-law Bermudo III. Ferdinand becomes the king of Castile and León (modern Spain).
* November 15 – Battle of Bar-le-Duc: Odo II, Count of Blois and Champagne, while invading the Duchy of Lorraine dies in battle with forces loyal to Gothelo I.

#### England

* King Harold I seizes the throne of England from his half-brother Harthacnut. His mother, Emma of Normandy, flees to Bruges in Flanders (modern Belgium).

#### Asia

* The Chinese rime dictionary of the Jiyun is published during the Song Dynasty.
* The Great Seljuk Empire is established by Tugrul Bey.

## Births

* January 8 – Su Dongpo, Chinese calligrapher (d. 1101)
* Beatrice I, German abbess of Quedlinburg (d. 1061)
* Hawise, duchess of Brittany (approximate date)

## Deaths

* September 4 – Bermudo III (or Vermudo), king of León
* November 15 – Odo II, French nobleman (b. 983)
* Abu'l-Hasan Mihyar al-Daylami, Persian poet
* Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi, Persian Shafi'i scholar
* Baba Kuhi of Shiraz, Persian Sufi mystic (b. 948)
* Avicenna, Persian physician and polymath (b. 980)
* Boleslaus III (the Red), duke of Bohemia
* Ding Wei, grand chancellor of the Song Dynasty
* Farrukhi Sistani, Persian poet (or 1038)
* John of Debar, Bulgarian clergyman and bishop
* Muhammad al-Baghdadi, Persian mathematician
* Muirgeas ua Cú Ceanainn, king of Uí Díarmata
* Robert II, French prelate and archbishop
* Siegfried II, German nobleman (b. 956)
* William III (Taillefer), French nobleman
# Arthur Harold John Brook

Arthur Harold John Brook (1907 – 20 January 1985) was an English brewer and brewing executive who served as President of the Institute of Brewing.

## Life

Arthur Harold John Brook was born in Manchester in 1907, the son of Samuel Brook, a sugar merchant. He went to Berkhamsted School in Hertfordshire between 1919 and 1925 and then spent a year at the Cotton Exchange in Manchester, before entering Duttons Brewery as a pupil in 1926. He was the assistant brewer there by 1934, when he took up an equivalent post at Oldham Brewery. By the end of the year, he was its Head Brewer. In 1938, he became a director at a company of maltsters called Edward Sutcliffe. In 1947, he returned to Duttons as a director and took up the same post at Oldham in 1956; that year, he also became the latter's Chairman. In 1982, Oldham merged with Boddington's and he was given a seat on their Board, but retired two years later.
Brook was National Chairman of the Allied Brewery Traders' Association in 1961 and became President of the Institute of Brewing three years later. Between 1971 and 1982, he was President of the Manchester Brewery School, having long served it as Honorary Treasurer.
Brook married Helen Margaret "Margie" in 1936 and the couple had three sons—Patrick, Paul and Philip—and one daughter, Elizabeth. His wife predeceased him, and he died on 30 January 1985, survived by his children.