OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tanaka equation

In mathematics, Tanaka's equation is an example of a stochastic differential equation which admits a weak solution but has no strong solution. It is named after the Japanese mathematician Hiroshi Tanaka (Tanaka Hiroshi).
Tanaka's equation is the one-dimensional stochastic differential equation
    $\mathrm {d} X_{t}=\operatorname {sgn}(X_{t})\,\mathrm {d} B_{t},$
driven by canonical Brownian motion B, with initial condition X$_0$ = 0, where sgn denotes the sign function
    $\operatorname {sgn}(x)={\begin{cases}+1,&x\geq 0;\\-1,&x<0.\end{cases}}$
(Note the unconventional value for sgn(0).) The signum function does not satisfy the Lipschitz continuity condition required for the usual theorems guaranteeing existence and uniqueness of strong solutions. The Tanaka equation has no strong solution, i.e. one for which the version B of Brownian motion is given in advance and the solution X is adapted to the filtration generated by B and the initial conditions. However, the Tanaka equation does have a weak solution, one for which the process X and version of Brownian motion are both specified as part of the solution, rather than the Brownian motion being given a priori. In this case, simply choose X to be any Brownian motion and define ${\tilde {B}}$ by
    ${\tilde {B}}_{t}=\int _{0}^{t}\operatorname {sgn} {\bigX_{s}{\big )}\,\mathrm {d} X_{s},$
i.e.
    $\mathrm {d} {\tilde {B}}_{t}=\operatorname {sgn}(X_{t})\,\mathrm {d} X_{t}.$
Hence,
    $\mathrm {d} X_{t}=\operatorname {sgn}(X_{t})\,\mathrm {d} {\tilde {B}}_{t},$
and so X is a weak solution of the Tanaka equation. Furthermore, this solution is weakly unique, i.e. any other weak solution must have the same law.
Another counterexample of this type is Tsirelson's stochastic differential equation.
# Merle Norman Stadium

Merle Norman Stadium is a beach volleyball facility located in Los Angeles, California, United States. The on-campus USC facility, built in 2013, serves as the home of the USC Trojans women's beach volleyball. The facility has three sand courts where USC plays its home matches and holds practices.

## History

Ground was broken to construct the venue in July 2012 from donations of several USC alumni, including Jack and Helen Nethercutt. The stadium opened on March 7, 2013, and was named after Merle Norman.
The Trojans went undefeated at the stadium in 2014, 2015, and 2017. As of July 2020, the Trojans are 34–4 at the stadium. As of 2023, the Trojans have won 5 NCAA Beach Volleyball National Championships since the NCAA program's foundation in 2016.

## Events

The women's beach volleyball team played their first dual match in the stadium on March 10, 2013, versus Loyola Marymount.
The 2016 Pac-12 Conference beach volleyball championships were held at the stadium, which the USC Trojans won.

## Gallery

* The three sand courts
* Merle Norman Stadium with the Galen Center in background
* Merle Norman Stadium sand court
* Merle Norman Stadium bleachers
# Robert Wilson Patterson Jr.

Robert Wilson Patterson (1850–1910) was an American newspaper editor and publisher.

## Early life

He was born in Chicago, attended Lake Forest Academy in Lake Forest, Illinois, and graduated from Williams College in 1871, and then began the study of law.

## Career

After the great fire in Chicago he became a reporter on the Times, later joined the staff of the Interior, and in 1873 became connected with the Chicago Tribune, of which he was successively assistant night editor, Washington correspondent, editorial writer, managing editor, and editor in chief. He was also president of the Chicago Tribune Company.
Patterson lived in the Patterson Mansion, a Neoclassical 30-room home on Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C., where he entertained many prominent people of the day.

## Family tree

vteMedill Chicago family tree :
Joseph Medill (1823–1899)Katherine Patrick
Robert Wilson Patterson (1850–1910)Elinor Medill (1855–1933)Katherine van Etta Medill (1853–1932)Robert Sanderson McCormick (1849–1919)
Joseph Medill Patterson (1879–1946)Eleanor Josephine Medill Patterson (1884–1948)Ruth Hanna (1880–1944)Joseph Medill McCormick (1877–1925)Robert Rutherford McCormick (1880–1955)
Alicia Patterson (1906–1963)Harry Frank Guggenheim (1890–1971)Jay Frederick Reeve (1893–1956)Josephine Medill Patterson (1913–1996)Ivan Le Lorraine Albright (1897–1983)James Joseph Patterson (1923–1992)
Madeleine Jana Korbel (1937–2022)Joseph Medill Patterson Reeve, later Albright (born 1937)Alice Reeve, later Albright (1940–2016)Michael J. Arlen (born 1930) :
Notes: :
# Barclay Gammon

Charles Blondin Gammon (1 November 1866 – 2 June 1915), known professionally as Barclay Gammon, was an English entertainer of the Edwardian era.

## Life and career

He was born in Lambeth, London, the son of a railway agent, and followed his father into the same employer, as a clerk with the London and South Western Railway Company. He became a church organist and choir master, and joined an amateur operatic company, before he started entertaining on his own account at dinners, parties, smoking concerts, charity events and the like in the 1890s. Accompanying himself on the piano, he introduced topical patter and monologues into his act, and began to appear at music halls and concert halls in and around London.
He became a professional entertainer around 1905, and performed regularly at St George's Hall under the management of John Nevil Maskelyne and David Devant. He toured Australia and New Zealand with Maskelyne and Devant's company in 1908, and was credited with much of the tour's success. On his return, billed as "Barclay Gammon and a Piano" and describing himself as a "Society Clown", he became increasingly successful with his patter and songs, most of which he wrote himself, and performed for some years at the Palace Theatre of Varieties.
Music hall historian Harold Scott wrote that: "..he sang at his piano perched upon a music stool always on the point of collapse, made jokes, gave satirical opinions upon the events of the day and commented unsparingly upon his own prodigious girth; the whole in the breathless manner and rather asthmatical voice, the management of which was the secret of his style."
He made several recordings for Odeon Records, including "Limerickitis", and "Suffragettes' Anthem" (not to be confused with "The March of the Women"), in 1910, in which he was "careful to navigate that narrow line between being offensive and being uncontroversial." On the record, he introduces the song by saying that "the remarks [in the song] do not apply to those earnest ladies who are really earnest in their works, but rather the mountebank militants whose extraordinary antics seem to be alienating the sympathies of most right minded people, I refer to the Suffragettes...". The song itself is a parody of Gilbert and Sullivan's "Three Little Maids Are We" and Vesta Victoria's hit "Waiting at the Church": "There was I waiting in the cold, waiting in the cold, chained up in the cold...".
In July 1912, Gammon was considered sufficiently respectable to be the opening act (other than a pair of acrobats, Pipifax and Panlo) at the first ever Royal Command Performance for music hall artists, held at the Palace Theatre in front of King George V, Queen Mary and Edward, Prince of Wales. He was a Freemason. He continued to perform in London, and in 1914 took part in the inaugural theatre performance held within the new ocean liner, RMS Aquitania, before its first sailing from Liverpool.
Gammon died in Maida Vale, London, in June 1915, aged 48.
# Spider-Man: Mysterio's Menace

Spider-Man: Mysterio's Menace is a 2001 action video game based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man. It was developed by Vicarious Visions and published by Activision for the Game Boy Advance. The game is a standalone sequel to Spider-Man (2000) and Spider-Man 2: Enter: Electro (2001). It was released on September 18, 2001, in North America, and on April 26, 2002, in Japan. The game was later re-released on a Twin Pack cartridge bundled with X2: Wolverine's Revenge in 2005.

## Plot

The game begins with Peter Parker's wife Mary Jane Watson reminding him to buy a new fishbowl for their fish. After a news report however, Peter changes to Spider-Man and tries to investigate a few criminal activities all taking place in one night. This pits him against a rogue's gallery of villains, including Rhino, Hammerhead, Big Wheel, Electro and Scorpion. They are led by the game's titular antagonist: the Master of Illusion, Mysterio. After subduing his fellow super-villains, Spider-Man defeats Mysterio himself in the final level. Mysterio escapes, but leaves his helmet behind. Peter brings it back home to Mary Jane as their new fishbowl.

## Gameplay

The game has 7 stages, each featuring a boss at the end – Hammerhead (who appears at the end of two levels), Big Wheel, Electro, Rhino, Scorpion and Mysterio as the final boss. The player can choose between three stages to begin with, each opening a further level after completion and concluding the story for that part of the game with comic book-styled cutscenes. The game allows players to freely web swing, attack with different punches and kicks, and to shoot web at foes to capture or attack them whilst progressing through levels and avoiding obstacles such as razors and fire. The player can collect upgrades to enhance Spider-Man's strength, health and webbing, as well as "suits" that enhance and protect him from certain obstacles. The final upgrade is the Symbiote Suit which slowly replenishes Spider-Man's health and web, and is obtained in the final level.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 84/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| AllGame | |
| Electronic Gaming Monthly | 6/10 |
| Famitsu | 28/40 |
| Game Informer | 7.5/10 |
| GamePro | |
| GameSpot | 8.5/10 |
| GameSpy | 89% |
| GameZone | 7.8/10 |
| IGN | 8.5/10 |
| Nintendo Power | |
| Nintendo World Report | 9/10 |
The game received "favorable" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of all four sevens for a total of 28 out of 40.
# Pleco Software

Pleco Software (/ˈpliːkoʊ/) provides an English and Chinese Dictionary application for iOS and Android devices. The Pleco Software company was founded in May 2000 by Michael Love when he was studying abroad in China. Having difficulty remembering characters, Love developed a very rudimentary handwriting based dictionary for personal use on a Palm IIIx, and then realized it could be a good business opportunity, pursuing further development of the application that is in use today.

## Features

Pleco allows different ways of input, including Pinyin input method, English words, handwriting recognition and optical character recognition. It has many sets of dictionaries (including the Oxford, Longman, FLTRP, and Ricci), audio recordings from two different native speakers, flashcards functionality, and a document reader that can look up words in a document. Pleco is a free application with in-app purchases, additional functions and large dictionaries (including English, French, German, Mandarin, Cantonese, classical Chinese, and a traditional Chinese medicine reference).

## History

Pleco was started by Mike Love in May 2000 when he was 18 years old. The application was first launched on the Palm Pilot in 2001. In 2013, Pleco 3.0 was released. In November 2017, Endymion Wilkinson's Chinese History: A New Manual was added.

## Reception

As of July 2021, Pleco Chinese Dictionary had 4.7 stars on the iOS App Store, based on 1,300 ratings, and 4.6 stars out of 5 on Google Play, based on over 40,000 ratings.
In a 2013 opinion article for the New York Times, the British chef Fuchsia Dunlop wrote, "Pleco has absolutely changed my life", and "it's completely brilliant for traveling." In 2018, New York Times columnist Lucas Peterson said he found Pleco to be a "useful translation app".
# Richard Baskin

Aaron Richard Baskin (born December 1, 1948) is an American film composer and producer, best known as the musical director and producer of the Academy Award winning soundtrack for the Robert Altman film Nashville, and other creative film scores in the 1970s and 1980s. He eventually became a film director, directing music videos for Barbra Streisand, Rod Stewart, Elton John, and many others, as well as feature films. He produced Elton John's concert special, Elton John Live at the Greek Theatre, with Ray Cooper. Collaborating again, he wrote and directed Elton John's music video for Disney's The Lion King, "The Circle of Life".
In the mid-1990's, he was a pioneer of streaming video, and co-founded Intertainer, the first broadband video-on-demand program service in the U.S. While chairman of that company, he co-authored key patents and technology fundamental to streaming video that are widely used today in all major streaming services. He is a long-time environmental activist, and founding board director of the LA Waterkeeper, and other private philanthropies. He lives in Santa Monica, California, and Sun Valley, Idaho.

## Biography
### Personal life

Baskin was born to a Jewish family in Pasadena, California, to the Baskin-Robbins co-founder Burt Baskin and his wife Shirley Robbins (sister of co-founder Irv Robbins). His mother remarried to Isadore Familian. His sister Edie Baskin was a photographer for Saturday Night Live during the 1970s.
Baskin was in a relationship with Barbra Streisand from November 1983 to October 1987.

### Career

Two years after Nashville was released, Baskin was the musical guest on the March 12, 1977, episode during the second season of Saturday Night Live with host Sissy Spacek.
In 1985, Baskin produced and arranged tracks on Barbra Streisand's The Broadway Album. Baskin also wrote music for a film based on that music, Welcome to L.A., composed the score for Robert Altman's Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson, James at 16 and UFOria. He was musical director and produced soundtracks for other films such as Honeysuckle Rose, starring Willie Nelson, and The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, directed by Colin Higgins.

## Footnotes

* ↑ State of California. California Birth Index, 1905-1995 (Provo, UT: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), 2005.
* 1 2 Harlan Daily Enterprise "Actor's Songs Do Not Please Nashville Set"
* ↑ Hevesimay, Dennis (May 7, 2008). "Irvine Robbins, Ice Cream Entrepreneur and a Maestro of 31 Flavors, Dies at 90". New York Times.
* ↑ Richard Baskin trivia IMDb
* ↑ Richard Baskin at AllMusic
* ↑ Richard Baskin at IMDb
# Diet for a New America (film)

Diet for a New America: Your Health, Your Planet is a 1991 American documentary film based on the 1987 book Diet for a New America by John Robbins. It links the impacts of factory farming on human health, animal welfare and the environment, and generally advocates a vegetarian diet. The film is narrated by Robbins and features interviews with Dr. Michael Klaper, Professor T. Colin Campbell, and Dr. John A. McDougall.
The film was produced by KCET, the Los Angeles PBS affiliate, and aired in several cities including Seattle and San Francisco.
# Let's Touch the Sky

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Let's Touch the Sky is the 11th studio album (12th overall) of the jazz group Fourplay, released in 2010. It is the first Fourplay album with Chuck Loeb, who replaced Larry Carlton on the guitar.

## Personnel

Fourplay
* Bob James – keyboards
* Chuck Loeb – guitars
* Nathan East – bass guitar, vocals (5)
* Harvey Mason – drums, percussion
Additional Personnel
* Ruben Studdard – vocals (8)
* Anita Baker – vocals (11)
* Heather Mason – backing vocals

### Production

* Mark Wexler – executive producer
* Fourplay – producers (1–7, 9–12)
* Harvey Mason, Jr. – producer (8)
* Ken Freeman – recording (1–7, 9–12), mixing (6, 10)
* Andrew Hey – recording (8)
* Don Murray – mixing (1–5, 7–9, 11, 12)
* Joshua Blanchard – assistant engineer
* Paul Blackmore – mastering at Concord Music Group (Beverly Hills, California)
* Debbie Johnson – production coordinator
* Amy McGuire Lynch – production coordinator
* Marion Orr – production coordinator
* Natalie Singer – product manager
* Bob James – cover design
* Sandrine Lee – photography
* Jennifer Armstrong – photography assistant
* Cassie O'Sullivan – stylist, makeup
* Sonny Abelardo – management

## Reception

* Soultracks: Highly recommended
# Transgaz

Transgaz is a state-owned company, which is the technical operator of the national natural gas transmission system in Romania. The company handled in 2017 a quantity of 12.87 billion m³ of natural gas.
The company has a total transport capacity of 30 billion m³ of natural gas and a pipe network of 13,000 km.
Transgaz is a member of the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas.

## Connections to other countries

* Hungary through the Arad–Szeged pipeline
* Ukraine through Cernauti-Siret natural gas pipeline
* Bulgaria through Negru Voda natural gas pipeline and Giurgiu–Ruse pipeline
* Moldova through the Iași–Chișinău pipeline that was inaugurated on 27 August 2014 (then going from Iași to Ungheni).

## Shareholders

Although state-owned, Transgaz was partially privatised in 2007 and 2013 respectively.
The current shareholder structure, as of 2018:
* Ministry of Economy: 58,5097%
* Other shareholders: 41.4903%

## Listing on the Bucharest Stock exchange

On 26 November 2007, Transgaz issued an IPO on the BSE aiming to earn around US$84 million for developing on the local market and abroad but at the end of the IPO offer the company earned a total sum of US$2.52 billion making it the largest IPO on the BSE surpassing Transelectrica which earned US$308 million in 2006.
On 15 April 2013, there was a SPO on the BSE for 15% of the company that raised US$95 million.
# Rosario Guerrero

Rosario Fernández Guerrero (born about 1880 – died 1960s) was a Spanish dancer and pantomimist with an international career. Although she was not a singer, she is most often associated with the role of Carmen.

## Early life

Guerrero was born in Spain; some sources give Madrid as the city, while she recalled a childhood in Seville.

## Career

Guerrero danced in Paris and London as a young woman. She danced a ballet version of Carmen in 1903 in London at the Alhambra Theatre. "I reveled in it," she told an interviewer, "I felt that I was Carmen, and do you know, I verily believe that my Don José was now and again really afraid of me." She danced in New York in 1903 and 1904, appearing in The Rose and the Dagger and The Red Feather. In 1905, she was in London again, in a pantomime called The Nightmare with music by A. Porinelly, at the Palace Theatre.
In 1906 there were reports that she was hospitalized in Vienna in 1906, found "violently insane" from "excessive dancing". She performed pantomime shows in London in 1908, in New York and Chicago in 1909, and in other American cities including San Francisco and Indianapolis in 1910. She owned a "small estate" in France.
Guerrero was described as a "famous beauty" in 1908. She posed for a series of portraits by German artist Friedrich August von Kaulbach, who considered them among his best work. Arthur Kampf's celebrated 1906 canvas, Spanische Tänzerin is similarly believed to be a portrait of Guerrero.
Her sister Enriqueta, billed as "the Little Guerrero" and "Guerrerrito", also worked as a dancer in London in the 1900s.
# Fábio Jr.

Fábio Correa Ayrosa Galvão (born November 21, 1953), known as Fábio Jr. or Fábio Júnior, is a Brazilian MPB singer, songwriter and actor.

## Biography

In 1971, already in a solo career, Fábio Jr. recorded songs in English (with pseudonyms such as Uncle Jack and Mark Davis, with the latter having a hit, "Don't Let Me Cry", from 1974).

## Discography
### Singles and EPs

* 1973 - I'll Be Fine / In My Song (with Pete Dunaway)
* 1973 - My Baby / Up Side Down

### As Mark Davis, in English
#### Albums

* 1975: I Want To Be Free Again

#### Singles and EPs

* 1974 - Don't Let Me Cry / You Must Remember
* 1975 - I Want To Be Free Again
* 1975 - Aria For The lovers
* 1986 - Sem Limites pra Sonhar (Reaching for the Infinite Heart).

### Studio álbuns

* 1976: Fábio Jr.
* 1979: Fábio Jr.
* 1980: Fábio Jr.
* 1981: Fábio Jr.
* 1982: Fábio Jr.
* 1984: Fábio Jr. Canta em Mexicano
* 1986: Sem Limites Pra Sonhar (including a bilingual duo with Bonnie Tyler)
* 1988: Fábio Jr. Vida
* 1989: Fábio Jr. Ao Vivo
* 1989: Fábio Jr. Ao Morto
* 1991: Fábio Jr. Ao Ressucitado
* 1991: Fábio Jr. Intuição
* 1992: Fábio Jr.
* 1993: Fábio Jr. Desejos
* 1994: Fábio Jr.
* 1995: Fábio Jr.
* 1996: Fábio Jr. Obrigado
* 1996: Fábio Jr. De Nada
* 1997: Só Você e Fábio Jr. Ao Vivo
* 1998: Compromisso
* 1999: Contador de Estrelas
* 2000: De Alma e Coração
* 2002: Fábio Jr. Acústico
* 2003: Fábio Jr. Ao Vivo
* 2004: O Amor é Mais
* 2006: Minhas Canções
* 2008: Fábio Jr. & Elas

### Compilation albums

* 1988: O Melhor de Fábio Jr.
* 1991: Fábio Jr. Coleção de Sucessos
* 1993: Grandes Momentos Fábio Jr.
* 1996: Fábio Jr. com Amor
* 1996: Fábio Jr. sem Amor
* 1997: O Melhor de Fábio Jr.
* 1997: O Pior de Fábio Jr.
* 1997: Seus Maiores Sucessos
* 1998: Fábio Jr. Grandes Sucessos
* 1998: As Melhores
* 1999: Sem Limites Pra Sonhar
* 1999: O Essencial de Fábio Jr.
* 2000: Fábio Jr.
* 2000: 21 Grandes Sucessos
* 2001: 100 Anos de Música
* 2001: Grandes Sucessos
* 2004: Perfil
* 2005: Novelas
* 2005: Mais de 20 e Poucos Anos
* 2006: Maxximum Fábio Jr.
# Maigret Gets Angry

Maigret gets angry (French: Maigret se fâche) is a 1947 detective novel by the Belgian mystery writer Georges Simenon featuring Jules Maigret.

## Synopsis

Two years into his retirement at Meung-sur-Loire, Maigret has yet to be tempted to take on a case. But 82-year-old Bernadette Amorelle, the widow of Amorelle of Amorelle and Campois, the major gravel and barge company on the Seine, shows up at his door and virtually orders him to Orsennes, where her 18-year-old granddaughter, Monita Malik, has been found dead in the Seine. Maigret arrives and finds an old acquaintance from his days at lycée in Moulins, Ernest Malik, who they'd called "The Tax Collector" after his father's occupation, the sort of man Maigret instinctively disliked. It is made clear that Maigret's presence in Orsennes is unwelcome, but Maigret is intrigued by the apparent disappearance of Malik's younger son, Georges-Henry Malik.
Maigret returns to Paris to investigate further and to enlist the services of Mimile, an old circus hand, with whose help he rescues the boy from the cellar his father has imprisoned him in. The mystery is finally unraveled when Bernadette shoots and kills her son-in-law Ernest, and Maigret returns to hear her story. Malik had been a gambler, and enticed Désiré Campois' son, Roger Campois, into gambling way over his head, until he committed suicide, thus freeing Amorelle's daughter from her engagement, and giving Ernest room to marry into the family. He was more intrigued by the younger daughter, Aimée Amorelle, who bore his child, Monita, but not before he had brought his younger brother, Charles Malik, in to marry Aimée, eventually forcing Old Campois from power, and conquering all but Bernadette. The daughter, Monita, had learned the secret, and shared it with Georges-Henry.

## Publication history

This Maigret story was first published in French in 38 instalments in the newspaper France-Soir between March and May 1946 and in 1947 by Presses de la Cité in book-form preceded in this same volume by the short-story La pipe de Maigret. It was translated into English by Jean Steward in 1976 and published by Hamish Hamilton in London as part of the anthology, Maigret's Christmas, and independently in the US edition published by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. In December 2015, this novel was reissued in English by Penguin under the title Maigret Gets Angry (ISBN 9780141397320), newly translated by Ros Schwartz.

## Adaptations

A BBC TV version entitled The Dirty House aired on 26 November 1963. Rupert Davies played Maigret.
A French television version with Jean Richard as Maigret aired on 1 February 1969.