OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pachyurus

Pachyurus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The ten recognised species in the genus are found in South America.

## Taxonomy

Pachyurus was first proposed as a genus in 1831 by the Swiss born American naturalist Louis Agassiz when he described the new species Pachyurus squamipennis, with a type locality given as Januária on the São Francisco River, Minas Gerais, in Brazil. The genus Pachyurus is included in the subfamily Pachyurinae by some workers, but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sciaenidae, which it places in the order Acanthuriformes. In addition, Pachyurinae, is an invalid name as it is preoccupied by a tribe of cycad weevils, the Pachyurini Kuschel, 1959 .

## Etymology

Pachyurus is a combination of pachy, meaning "thick", and oura, which means "tail". This is an allusion to the dense covering of scales on the caudal fin of the type species, P. squamipennis.

## Species

Pachyurus contains ten described, recognised species:
* Pachyurus adspersus Steindachner, 1879 (Brazilian croaker)
* Pachyurus bonariensis Steindachner, 1879 (La Plata croaker)
* Pachyurus calhamazon Casatti, 2001
* Pachyurus francisci (Cuvier 1830) (San Francisco croaker)
* Pachyurus gabrielensis Casatti, 2001
* Pachyurus junki Soares & Casatti, 2000
* Pachyurus paucirastrus Aguilera, 1983
* Pachyurus schomburgkii Günther, 1860 (Amazon croaker)
* Pachyurus squamipennis Agassiz, 1831
* Pachyurus stewarti Casatti & Chao, 2002

## Characteristics

Pachyurus croakers have a moderately elongated body with a sounded, slightly high dorsal profile and a straight or slightly arched, ventral profile. They have a conical head with a swollen and blunt snout. The mouth is horizontal and may be terminal or below the snout. The eyes are moderately large to large. The snout has five marginal pores, typically they lack upper pores but these are present in some species. The chin has five pores but no barbels. The second spine of the anal fin is moderately sized or robust. These are relatively small croakers, the largest species is P. junki with a maximum published total length of 35.5 cm (14.0 in).

## Distribution

Pachyurus croakers are found in freshwater habitats in South America from Guyana south to Argentina.One species, the La Plata croaker (P. bonariensis), is an invasive, non native species in the Lagoa Mirim and Lagoa dos Patos systems in Uruguay and Brazil where it is already numerous enough to be important in commercial fisheries in these lakes. They reached these lakes either by deliberate introduction or by moving from the nearby river systems through flooded rice fields.
# Pseudotolithus

Pseudotolithus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums or croakers. The species in this genus are found in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean.

## Taxonomy

Pseudotolithus was first proposed as a genus in 1863 by the Dutch physician, herpetologist and ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker when he described the new species P. brachygnathus, P. epipercus and P. typus. P. typus was designated as the type species by virtue of being named typus. Ethelwynn Trewavas placed the eastern Atlantic Afrotropical sciaenids, Pseudotolithus and Pteroscion, in the tribe Pseudotolithini. Other workers have placed this tribe in the subfamily Pseudotolithinae alongside the tribe Miracorvini, Miracorvina and Pentheroscion. However, the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise tribes or subfamilies within the Sciaenidae which it places in the order Acanthuriformes.

## Etymology

Pseudotolithus prefixes Otolithus with pseudo meaning "false" due to Bleeker's perceived false resemblance between these fishes and those of that genus.

## Species

Pseudotolithus has the following valid species classified within it:
* Pseudotolithus brachygnathus Bleeker, 1863
* Pseudotolithus elongatus (Bowdich, 1825) (bobo croaker)
* Pseudotolithus epipercus (Bleeker, 1863) (Guinea croaker)
* Pseudotolithus moorii (Günther, 1865) (Cameroon croaker)
* Pseudotolithus senegalensis (Valenciennes, 1833) (cassava croaker)
* Pseudotolithus senegallus (Cuvier, 1830) (law croaker)
* Pseudotolithus typus (Bleeker, 1863) (longneck croaker)

## Characteristics

Pseudotolithus croakers have a carrot-shaped swim bladder running the whole length of the body cavity with a pair of long tube-like appendages growing out of its front. These appendages branch into as many as 32 tubules. They do not have any barbels on the chin. The largest species in the genus is the law croaker (P. senegallus) which has a maximum published total length of 230 cm (91 in) while the smallest is the bobo croaker (P. elongatus) at 47 cm (19 in).

## Distribution

Pseudotolithus croakers are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean from Morocco in the north to Angola in the south.
# Carral

Carral is a municipality of northwestern Spain in the province of A Coruña, in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is located 17 kilometers from the provincial capital of A Coruña. It has an area of 48 km$^2$, a population of 6581 (2021) and a population density of 113.6 people/km².
It borders with the municipalities of Ordes, Abegondo, Cambre, Cerceda and Culleredo.

## History

In 2001, Ubaldo Núñez Rivas, a famous clarinetist who had settled in the city, died there. In 2021, the municipality was the home of 6581 people, a number that grew from 5236 in 2001.
# Broughton Ales

Broughton Ales is a small independent brewery based in Broughton, Scottish Borders, Scotland.

## History

The business was started by James Collins and David Younger in 1979 in a building in Broughton that had previously been an abattoir. The company became insolvent in 1995, and was taken over by Giles Litchfield; in 2015 it again came under new management. In 2018 more than 60% of its beer was for bottling; it also produced some cask ales.
# Order of Excellence (Jamaica)

The Order of Excellence is one of the six national orders of the Jamaican honours system, and it is awarded only to present and former foreign Heads of State or Government. The Order of Excellence is the most recent honour to be created, having been brought into being in 2003. The Order of Excellence took over the function of the Order of Merit, which is now awarded to "persons of notable achievement in particular fields of study".

## Recipients

| Thabo Mbeki | South Africa | 1 July 2003 |
| King Juan Carlos I of Spain | Spain | 17 February 2009 |
| Jakaya Kikwete | Tanzania | 25 November 2009 |
| Danilo Medina | Dominican Republic | 27 November 2017 |
# Cross-country skiing at the 1928 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre

The 50 kilometre cross-country skiing event was part of the cross-country skiing at the 1928 Winter Olympics programme. It was the second appearance of the event. The competition was held on Tuesday, 14 February 1928. Forty-one cross-country skiers from eleven nations competed.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Per-Erik Hedlund Sweden | Gustaf Jonsson Sweden | Volger Andersson Sweden |

## Results

Hedlund's margin of victory is the largest in Olympic history (13 minutes, 27 seconds).
| Place | Competitor | Time |
| 1 | Per-Erik Hedlund (SWE) | 4'52:03 |
| 2 | Gustaf Jonsson (SWE) | 5'05:30 |
| 3 | Volger Andersson (SWE) | 5'05:46 |
| 4 | Olav Kjelbotn (NOR) | 5'14:22 |
| 5 | Ole Hegge (NOR) | 5'17:58 |
| 6 | Tauno Lappalainen (FIN) | 5'18:33 |
| 7 | Anders Ström (SWE) | 5'21:54 |
| 8 | Johan Støa (NOR) | 5'25:30 |
| 9 | Martti Lappalainen (FIN) | 5'30:09 |
| 10 | Otto Wahl (GER) | 5'34:02 |
| 11 | Josef Německý (TCH) | 5'35:46 |
| 12 | Hans Bauer (GER) | 5'36:21 |
| 13 | Andrzej Krzeptowski (POL) | 5'36:55 |
| 14 | Franz Donth (TCH) | 5'37:36 |
| 15 | Walter Bussmann (SUI) | 5'38:49 |
| 16 | Fritz Pellkofer (GER) | 5'41:00 |
| 17 | Robert Wampfler (SUI) | 5'42:40 |
| 18 | Václav Fišera (TCH) | 5'42:55 |
| 19 | Józef Bujak (POL) | 5'44:19 |
| 20 | Matteo Demetz (ITA) | 5'47:47 |
| 21 | Ferdinando Glück (ITA) | 5'49:52 |
| 22 | Carlo Gourlaouen (SUI) | 5'55:09 |
| 23 | Joško Janša (YUG) | 5'58:09 |
| 24 | Minoru Nagata (JPN) | 6'02:24 |
| 25 | Akira Takahashi (JPN) | 6'05:25 |
| 26 | Sakuta Takebushi (JPN) | 6'05:50 |
| 27 | Franciszek Kawa (POL) | 6'11:08 |
| 28 | Stane Kmet (YUG) | 6'32:07 |
| 29 | Janko Janša (YUG) | 6'34:59 |
| 30 | Stane Bervar (YUG) | 6'46:48 |
| – | Adiel Paananen (FIN) | DNF |
| – | Matti Raivio (FIN) | DNF |
| – | André Médy (FRA) | DNF |
| – | Henri Millan (FRA) | DNF |
| – | Évariste Prat (FRA) | DNF |
| – | Camille Tournier (FRA) | DNF |
| – | Takeharu Aso (JPN) | DNF |
| – | John Røen (NOR) | DNF |
| – | Stanisław Wilczyński (POL) | DNF |
| – | Hans Zeier (SUI) | DNF |
| – | Josef Feistauer (TCH) | DNF |
# XHUJAT-FM

XHUJAT-FM, known as Radio UJAT, is a radio station owned by the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco in Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico.

## History

The station was permitted as XHUJAT-FM 107.3 on January 19, 2011.
A failure to timely renew the 12-year concession led the Federal Telecommunications Institute (IFT) to issue a new one, with call sign XHCPEK-FM, effective January 18, 2023, at which time Radio UJAT moved. The new concession specified 96.1 MHz; 107.3 was not reawarded because, in 2014, Article 90 of the new Federal Telecommunications and Broadcasting Law designated 106–108 MHz as a reserved band for community and indigenous stations. The IFT reawarded the XHUJAT-FM call sign to the new concession on February 23, 2023.
# Momma Dee

Deborah Bryant (née Gaither; born September 21, 1963), better known as Momma Dee, is an actress, singer and reality television personality, best known for her appearances in the VH1 hit reality show Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta. She is the mother of rapper and fellow Love & Hip Hop cast member Lil Scrappy.

## Early life

Dee was born in 1963 in Atlanta, Georgia and attended Decatur, Georgia and Turner High. She graduated with an associate degree in nursing at Georgia State University. In 1996, Dee was involved in a car accident that left her in a wheelchair for three years. Unable to work a traditional job due to her disability, Dee became a pimp and drug dealer to provide for her family. She ran a brothel for ten years under the name "Lady Dee".

## Career

Starting in 2012, Dee appeared with her son, rapper Lil Scrappy, as a supporting cast member on Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta. On the show, she details her own fledgling music career, documenting the recording and releasing of the singles "I Deserve" and "In That Order".
In 2016, she embarked on an acting venture, appearing as a pimp in the independent film The Products of the American Ghetto, as well as portraying the mother of the titular character in About Justin, a spin-off of the LGBT web series About Him (2015).

## Personal life

Dee married Ernest Bryant in 1996, divorcing in 2014. The two later reunited and remarried in 2015, with their wedding documented on the fourth season finale episode of Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta. The couple was later featured on the court television program Couples Court with the Cutlers over concerns of infidelity on her part; the two reconciled at the end of the episode.
Dee has two children, daughter Jasmine Brown and son Darryl Richardson, Jr. (best-known as Lil Scrappy). Her cousin is the rapper Yung Joc, who also appears on Love & Hip Hop, and produced and rapped on her single "In That Order".

## Discography
### Singles

| Year | Single |
| 2014 | "I Deserve" |
| 2016 | "In That Order" (feat. Yung Joc) |

## Filmography
### Films

Film :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2016 | About Justin | | |
| 2018 | The Products of the American Ghetto | Mamma Dee | (as Deborah Bryant) |
| 2018 | My Side Piece Hit The Lotto | Fran | (as Deborah Bryant) |
| 2021 | Christmas on My Block | Queen | |
| 2021 | 3 Keys | Momma | |

### Television

| Year | Series | Role | Notes |
| 2012–present | Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta | Herself | 61 episodes |
| 2015 | Love & Hip Hop Live: The Wedding | Herself | |
| 2015 | Love & Hip Hop Atlanta: After Party Live | Herself | 3 episodes |
| 2020 | Couples Court with the Cutlers | Herself | 1 episode |
| 2022 | Momma Dee's Royal Love Affair | Herself | 13 episodes |
| 2022 | Strip | | 12 episodes |
| 2022 | Coming Out | Herself | 1 episode |
# Cesuras

Cesuras was a municipality of northwestern Spain in the province of A Coruña, in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is located in the comarca of Betanzos. On June 6, 2013, the Xunta de Galicia government approved the decree the merger of the municipality with Oza dos Ríos, which created the Oza-Cesuras municipality.
# Cardiocorax

Cardiocorax is an extinct genus of elasmosaurid known from the Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian stage) Mocuio Formation of Namibe Province, southern Angola. It contains a single species, Cardiocorax mukulu.

## Discovery

Cardiocorax is known from the holotype MGUAN PA103 which consists of a complete pectoral and pelvic girdle, five neck and one back vertebrae, a partial forelimb including the humerus, radius bone, ulna and isolated phalanges, and several dorsal ribs. A second specimen was also referred to the species, MGAUN PA270, a more complete articulated pelvic girdle and a single hind limb. Both specimens are housed at the Museu de Geologia da Universidade Agostinho Neto in Luanda. The specimens were discovered at Bench 19 locality, about seven meters from each other, in Bentiaba of the Namibe Province. They were collected from the Mocuio Formation of the Sāo Nicolau Group of Namibe Basin, dating to the early Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous, 71.40–71.64 million years ago. In 2017 Octávio Mateus found a complete skull and partial postcrania also attributed to Cardiocorax.
Cardiocorax was first named by Ricardo Araújo, Michael J. Polcyn, Anne S. Schulp, Octávio Mateus, Louis L. Jacobs, A. Olímpio Gonçalves and M.-L. Morais in 2015 and the type species is Cardiocorax mukulu. The generic name is derived from Latinised Greek Kardia, meaning "heart", plus corax, meaning "raven/crow" which is also the source of the name "coracoid", in reference to the heart-shaped fenestra between the coracoids which is unique to this genus. The specific name comes from the word mukulu in Angolan Bantu dialects, which means "ancestor".

## Classification

Cardiocorax is a relatively distinctive elasmosaurid, possessing four unique traits, i.e. autapomorphies. Notably, it shows a reduced dorsal blade of the scapula, a feature unique among elasmosaurids, but convergent with the related cryptoclidid plesiosaurs. This trait indicates a longitudinal protraction-retraction limb cycle rowing style with simple pitch rotation at the glenohumeral articulation - a style unique to Cardiocorax. Araújo et al. (2015) tested the phylogenetic position of the genus using a modified version of Ketchum & Benson (2010) data-set, as well as a second data-set from Vincent et al. (2011) which was found to be consistent with the former. The cladogram below follows their results.
# Bobsleigh at the 1976 Winter Olympics – Two-man

The Two-man bobsleigh competition at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck was held on 6 and 7 February, at Olympic Sliding Centre Innsbruck.

## Results

| Rank | Country | Athletes | Run 1 | Run 2 | Run 3 | Run 4 | Total |
| | East Germany (GDR-2) | Meinhard Nehmer Bernhard Germeshausen | 56.24 | 56.04 | 55.87 | 56.27 | 3:44.42 |
| | West Germany (FRG-1) | Wolfgang Zimmerer Manfred Schumann | 56.09 | 56.31 | 56.26 | 56.33 | 3:44.99 |
| | Switzerland (SUI-1) | Erich Schärer Sepp Benz | 56.43 | 56.53 | 56.33 | 56.41 | 3:45.70 |
| 4 | Austria (AUT-2) | Fritz Sperling Andreas Schwab | 56.06 | 56.19 | 56.73 | 56.76 | 3:45.74 |
| 5 | West Germany (FRG-2) | Georg Heibl Fritz Ohlwärter | 56.36 | 56.43 | 56.59 | 56.75 | 3:46.13 |
| 6 | Austria (AUT-1) | Dieter Delle Karth Franz Köfel | 56.52 | 56.76 | 56.47 | 56.62 | 3:46.37 |
| 7 | East Germany (GDR-1) | Horst Schönau Raimund Bethge | 56.89 | 56.79 | 56.74 | 56.55 | 3:46.97 |
| 8 | Italy (ITA-1) | Giorgio Alverà Franco Perruquet | 56.62 | 56.71 | 56.84 | 57.13 | 3:47.30 |
| 9 | Sweden | Carl-Erik Eriksson Kenth Rönn | 57.09 | 57.20 | 57.16 | 56.96 | 3:48.41 |
| 10 | Switzerland (SUI-2) | Fritz Lüdi Thomas Hagen | 56.95 | 57.32 | 57.35 | 57.48 | 3:49.10 |
| 11 | Romania (ROU-1) | Ion Panţuru Gheorghe Lixandru | 57.15 | 57.43 | 57.85 | 57.66 | 3:50.09 |
| 12 | Romania (ROU-2) | Dragoş Panaitescu-Rapan Costel Ionescu | 57.95 | 57.66 | 57.58 | 57.34 | 3:50.53 |
| 13 | France (FRA-2) | Alain Roy Serge Hissung | 57.58 | 57.43 | 57.58 | 57.95 | 3:50.54 |
| 14 | United States (USA-1) | Jimmy Morgan Thomas Becker | 57.68 | 57.63 | 57.66 | 57.79 | 3:50.76 |
| 15 | France (FRA-1) | Gérard Christaud-Pipola Michel Lemarchand | 57.43 | 57.73 | 57.78 | 58.08 | 3:51.02 |
| 16 | Italy (ITA-2) | Nevio De Zordo Ezio Fiori | 57.71 | 57.58 | 57.88 | 57.95 | 3:51.12 |
| 17 | Czechoslovakia | Jiří Paulát Václav Sůva | 57.78 | 57.74 | 57.97 | 58.22 | 3:51.71 |
| 18 | Canada (CAN-1) | Colin Nelson Jim Lavalley | 57.56 | 57.92 | 58.13 | 58.39 | 3:52.00 |
| 19 | United States (USA-2) | Brent Rushlaw John Proctor | 58.07 | 58.27 | 57.79 | 57.89 | 3:52.02 |
| 20 | Great Britain (GBR-1) | Jackie Price Gomer Lloyd | 58.05 | 58.13 | 57.90 | 58.02 | 3:52.10 |
| 21 | Great Britain (GBR-2) | Mark Agar Michael Sweet | 58.40 | 58.33 | 57.90 | 58.08 | 3:52.71 |
| 22 | Japan (JPN-2) | Rikio Sato Kimihiro Shinada | 58.52 | 58.30 | 58.55 | 58.35 | 3:53.72 |
| 23 | Canada (CAN-2) | Joey Kilburn Brian Vachon | 58.61 | 58.74 | 58.22 | 58.72 | 3:54.29 |
| 24 | Japan (JPN-1) | Susumu Esashika Kazumi Abe | 58.69 | 59.07 | 59.12 | 59.18 | 3:56.06 |
# Hughes Parry Hall, London

Hughes Parry Hall was one of eight intercollegiate halls of the University of London. The Hall was part of the Garden Halls grouping administered by the bursarial team also responsible for Canterbury Hall and Commonwealth Hall.
At the time of writing Hughes Parry Hall is closed as part of the University of London's redevelopment of its student accommodation on Cartwright Gardens. In August 2013 the University received planning permission to redevelop the Garden Halls site. The hall's last residents moved out on 14 June 2014, after which the hall was closed.
The redevelopment is in progress and includes the demolition of a four storey wing of the original 1960s building. The 13 storey tower which forms the bulk of the building is being refurbished and will return as part of the redevelopment.

## Facilities

Prior to its closure in 2014 the hall accommodated just over 300 residents. The hall was open to students from all colleges, but because of its proximity to the colleges concerned students from UCL, King's and the LSE tended to dominate the student body. The hall was opened in 1969 and its design and facilities bore witness to the exigencies of that time: the thirteen-story tower block had shared bathroom facilities and there was little by way of communal kitchen arrangements (although the hall provided both breakfast and evening meals). There were squash courts, TV and games rooms, and an active student society, run by a committee drawn from the students. The hall also benefited from its location overlooking Cartwright Gardens in WC1 where tennis courts were available to residents. In the early days of the Hall, at Christmas the students were accustomed to wrap decorative paper around the life-size statue of John Cartwright in the Gardens that are named after him, though this tradition ceased in the 1970s.

## History

Although Hughes Parry Hall was affectionately known by some students as "Huge Party Hall", it is in fact named after the distinguished lawyer and Vice-Chancellor of the University, Sir David Hughes Parry (1893–1973).
The hall was originally for male students only; it became a mixed residence in 1971. The adjacent Canterbury (female) and Commonwealth (male) halls remained single-sex well into the 1980s;

## Wardens

The first warden, Dr Jeffery David Lewins, was appointed in December 1968. The first students were admitted in 1969 and the Hall was officially opened by the Chancellor of the university, her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother in February 1970. Dr Lewins spent ten years in the hall with his family.
For most of the 1980s the warden was Dr P Throsby, famed among students for his lavish invitation-only dinner parties.
From 1995 to 2009, the Warden of Hughes Parry Hall was Professor Martyn Rady. In 2009, Professor Rady was succeeded as Warden by his hitherto deputy, Dr Paul Stock. Fiona Elder retained responsibility as Bursar for Hughes Parry, for the other two halls in Cartwright Gardens and also for Connaught Hall and College Hall.
# Dick joke

In comedy, a dick joke, duck joke, dork joke, penis joke, cock joke or knob joke is a joke that makes a direct or indirect reference to a human penis (known in slang parlance as a dick), also used as an umbrella term for dirty jokes. The famous quote from Mae West, "Is that a gun in your pocket or are you just excited to see me?" (alluding to an erection) is cited as an example of a penis joke. The "dick joke" has been described as "often used as a metaphor for the male-defined nature of stand-up comedy". Dick jokes have also been noted to be both popular and effective with audiences:
   Comics use what "works," and dick jokes are guaranteed to amuse audiences of both genders in a surprising variety of contexts. Simply put, dick jokes get the quickest and biggest laughs, and in stand-up comedy, size does matter.

## In comedy

An important component of a dick joke is breaking a social taboo. As Canadian comedian Ricky Blue puts it, "The trick is being able to speak the unspeakable and somehow get away with it."
Comedian Bill Hicks satirized the popularity of dick jokes in his own act:
   'He hasn't told any dick jokes. Doesn't he know he's in America? Doesn't he know about our puritanical self hatred of our own body and its desires? The only way we can find relief is through the medium of penis material!' Yeah, I'm totally aware of where I am, don't worry. The dick jokes are on their way.
However, due to their prurient nature, comedians who rely on explicit humor must find less controversial subject matter if they wish to expand their presence to more restrictive venues like network television and family films. In short, "young professionals whose success has been achieved on the stepladder of dick jokes must eventually change their acts".
An example of a joke of this type relying on an unspoken connotation is:
   [A] particularly beautiful student was stunned when the biology professor asked her, "What part of the human anatomy enlarges to about ten times its normal measurement during periods of emotion or excitement?" "I . . . I refuse to answer that question", the girl stammered as she shyly avoided looking at her male classmates sitting nearby. One of them was called upon next, and he correctly answered, "The pupil of the eye". "Miss Rogers," said the professor, "your refusal to answer my question makes three things evident. First, you didn't study last night's assignment. Second, you have a dirty mind. And third," concluded the professor, "I'm afraid marriage is going to be a tremendous disappointment for you."
Because the name Richard can be abbreviated as "Dick", in some jokes a person named "Richard" or "Dick" is presented as a double entendre.