OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Corporation Act 1661

The Corporation Act 1661 (13 Cha. 2 St. 2. c. 1) was an act of the Parliament of England. It belonged to the general category of test acts, designed for the express purpose of restricting public offices in England to members of the Church of England.
Though commonly spoken of as one of the "Penal Laws", and enumerated by Butler in his Historical Account of the Laws against the Roman Catholics of England, it was not directly aimed against them, but against the Presbyterians. It was passed in December 1661, the year after the Restoration, by Charles II. The Cavalier Parliament aimed at restoring England to its state before the time of the Commonwealth. It required all the prudence of the Earl of Clarendon, the chancellor, to restrain them. The Corporation Act represents the limit to which he was prepared to go in endeavouring to restrict the power of the Presbyterians. They were influentially represented in the government of cities and boroughs throughout the country, and this act was designed to dispossess them.
The Act provided that no person could be legally elected to any office relating to the government of a city or corporation, unless he had within the previous twelve months received the sacrament of "the Lord's Supper" according to the rites of the Church of England. He was also commanded to take the Oaths of Allegiance and Oath of Supremacy, to swear belief in the Doctrine of Passive Obedience, and to renounce the Covenant. In default of these requisites the election was to be void.
A somewhat similar act passed twelve years later, known as the Test Act, prescribed for all officers, civil and military, further stringent conditions, including a declaration against transubstantiation.
These two acts operated very prejudicially on Catholics, forming an important part of the general Penal Laws which kept them out of public life. In later times the number, even of non-Catholics, who qualified for civil and military posts in accordance with their provisions was very small, and an "Act of Indemnity" used to be passed annually, to relieve those who had not done so from the penalties incurred. There was no expression in this act limiting its operation to the case of Protestants; yet on the only occasion when a Catholic ventured to ask for a share in the Indemnity, it was refused on the ground of the act not being applicable to him. (Butler, op. cit., 19.)
The Corporation Act remained nominally in force throughout the eighteenth century. It was eventually repealed in 1828, the year before Catholic Emancipation.
# Gui Cavalcanti

Gui Cavalcanti is a robotics engineer who co-founded Open Source Medical Supplies, Artisan's Asylum, and MegaBots Inc.

## Education

Cavalcanti studied engineering at Olin College.

## Career

Cavalcanti initially worked at Boston Dynamics, before creating communal workshop Artisan's Asylum in Somerville, Massachusetts, in 2010 which Wired magazine reported as being the world's largest hackerspace.
Cavalcanti co-founded California based MegaBots Inc., a company that built a giant fighting robot that appeared in the Guinness book of records and on Jay Leno's Garage in 2018. In 2015 Cavalcanti uploaded a video to YouTube inviting the team that owned and operated Japanese fighting robot Kuratas to a duel.
Cavalcanti stars in the movie The Giant Robot Duel: MegaBots vs. Suidobashi.
In 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Cavalcanti co-founded Open Source Medical Supplies, an organization that collates and shared open source designs for medical supplies.
# Cameron Shekleton

Cameron Shekleton (born 21 January 2000) is a South African cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Gauteng in the 2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup on 7 February 2019. He made his List A debut for Gauteng in the 2018–19 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 10 February 2019. In April 2021, he was named in KwaZulu-Natal Inland's squad, ahead of the 2021–22 cricket season in South Africa.
# Nathan Cadette

Nathan Daniel Cadette (born 6 January 1980) is a Welsh former professional footballer who played as a striker, midfielder and full back. He is currently manager of Bridgend Street.

## Club career

Born in Cardiff, Cadette began his career with his hometown club Cardiff City and made his professional debut during the 1997–98 season. He was handed his first professional contract at the end of the season before joining non-league side Telford United on loan in order to gain first team experience. However, he was released by Cardiff on his return and had short spells with League of Wales sides Aberystwyth Town and Llanelli. He later played for Barry Town ,where he inexplicably scored an own goal versus Tredegar Town, and Aberaman Athletic.

## Managerial career

In October 2011, Cadette was appointed manager of Caldicot Town, where he had previously been assistant manager, following the resignation of Mike Dowler. He remained in charge until the end of the season, in May 2012.
Cadette was appointed manager of STM Sports in 2015, leading the side to promotion into the Welsh Football League Division Two. However, he stood down from the role in May 2017 due to work commitments. He later returned to the club as assistant manager.
In May 2019 he was appointed manager of Bridgend Street.
# Footsteps (autobiography)

Footsteps: Adventures of a Romantic Biographer is an autobiographical book by the biographer Richard Holmes, published in 1985. Harper Perennial first published reprints of Footsteps in 2005.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Holmes, Richard (2011) [1985]. Footsteps: Adventures of a Romantic Biographer. London: Harper Perennial. ISBN 978-0-00-720453-3.
# Group Selection (book)

Group Selection is a 1971 book edited by George C. Williams, containing papers written by biologists arguing against the view of group selection as a major force in evolution. The group of biologists writing on a single unified (if somewhat broad) theme contrasts with Williams' earlier seminal 1966 book Adaptation and Natural Selection, whose arguments Williams suspected to be his alone. In particular it contains a reprint, with an erratum, of W.D. Hamilton's classic 1964 paper on inclusive fitness, "The Genetical Evolution of Social Behavior" plus a paper by John Maynard Smith entitled "The Origin and Maintenance of Sex" (pp 163–175), containing ideas on evolution of sex later developed by Maynard Smith; see especially his 1978 book The Evolution of Sex.
# Rusila Tamoi

Rusila Tamoi (born 19 September 1984) is a Fijian rugby union and sevens player. She made her international debut for Fiji against Hong Kong, in the final 2017 Rugby World Cup Asia/Oceania Qualifier in Hong Kong.

## Biography

Tamoi was selected for the Fijiana Drua squad who were making their debut in the Super W competition. She was in the starting line up as the Drua played their inaugural match against the Rebels. She came off the bench In the second game against the Reds as the Drua recorded another win. She was part of the team who faced the Waratahs and gave them their first defeat in the Super W. She scored her first Super W try in the 52nd minute in the final game against the Brumbies. She appeared in the Grand Final as the Drua met the Waratahs, they defeated them and won their first title.
Tamoi was named in the Fijiana team for two test matches against Australia and Japan in May 2022. She was in the starting line up in the Fijiana's Japan test. She came off the bench in their 36–19 loss to Australia.
# José de Oliveira Fernandes

José de Oliveira Fernandes (1 December 1943 — 12 October 2020) was a Brazilian politician, economist and university professor. He served as mayor of Manaus and member of the Chamber of Deputies, as well as federal Secretary of Housing and Urbanism and Secretary of Works.

## Biography

Fernandes was born in Careiro on 1 December 1943. The son of Benjamim Matias Fernandes and Maria de Oliveira Fernandes, he graduated in Economy in 1968 at the Federal University of Amazonas and specialized with the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean on the following year. In 1970 he became head professor of the Federal University of Amazonas and advisor to the Department of Highways of Amazonas, a position which he kept for a year. Appointed Secretary of Transport in 1975 by governor Enoque Reis, he left office in 1978 when he was elected federal deputy of the Amazonas.
Approximately 45 days after his inauguration, he asked governor José Lindoso to be appointed mayor of Manaus, remaining in office for three years (his seat in the Chamber of Deputies was occupied by Ubaldino Meireles), until he resigned in order to be reelected federal deputy by the Democratic Social Party (PDS) in the 1982 elections. In the new legislature he missed the vote on the Dante de Oliveira amendment in 1984 and voted for Paulo Maluf in the 1985 Brazilian presidential election.
In the 1986 elections, Fernandes entered the Democratic Labour Party (PDT) and was re-elected to join the National Constituent Assembly responsible for 1988 Brazilian Constitution; at the beginning of the Collor Government he migrated to the Social Labor Party (PST), which he led in the Chamber of Deputies, but was not re-elected in the 1990 elections. After leaving Brasília, he worked in the private sector in a construction company and later as general director of the Boas Novas television network. In the second Amazonino Mendes government he was Secretary of Housing and Urbanism and later Secretary of Works.
Fernandes died on October 12, 2020, at the age of 76, from complications of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.
# Pilot (New Girl)

"Pilot" is the pilot episode and the first episode of the first season of the American sitcom New Girl. The episode was written by series creator Elizabeth Meriwether and directed by Jake Kasdan. The episode first aired on Fox in the United States on September 20, 2011, to positive reviews.

## Plot

The show begins with Jessica "Jess" Day talking to her friend Cece, a model, about seducing her boyfriend by coming home early and stripping down for him. While talking to Cece on the phone, we hear that she is naked in the back of the cab wearing a big trench coat. When asked what her stripper name will be, she replies 'Rebecca Johnson', then 'Two Boobs Johnson', and later 'Tiger Boobs'. Jess comes home and her boyfriend Spencer is shocked to see her there, but he is cheating on her with another woman who comes out of the bedroom while Jess is attempting a striptease with pillows and bows. While doing a mediocre job on seducing him (taking off the trench coat and doing "sexy stuff' to various objects), the girl comes out and Jess is shocked. Now she lives with three single men (whom she found on Craigslist and thought they were women) called Nick, Schmidt and Coach in an apartment. During most of the week she lives there, she begins to have mood swings about her break up such as watching Dirty Dancing. Her roommates are sick of it and invite her to a bar to find a man on the rebound. She ends up on a date but her date bails on her and he goes to the same party as her roommates are at. They all go to the restaurant and cheer Jess up by singing "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" proving that they do care about her as a friend.

## Production

The episode was written by Elizabeth Meriwether, and directed by Jake Kasdan. The episode first aired on Fox in the United States on September 20, 2011. Speaking of the show Zooey Deschanel claimed that her character in New Girl resembles a younger version of herself. She said "I think Jess as a person, and the way that her personality is, has some of myself and especially some of my younger self," she suggested. "[She resembles] my 13-year-old self." Deschanel added that Jess will explore her lost youth after she is dumped by her long-term boyfriend. "I have to find a new support system, so I'm basically living my 20s as I approach my 30s," she explained.

## Reception
### Ratings

When the episode was first broadcast, it pulled in more viewers than its lead-in, Glee for the episode "The Purple Piano Project", which brought in 8.9m (5.4) in the 8:00 p.m. hour, after which New Girl launched with 10.1m (4.7).

### Accolades

Jake Kasdan was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series for this episode.
# James Carson (field hockey)

James Carson (born 29 April 1994) is a Welsh international field hockey player who plays as a forward for Wales.
Carson plays club hockey in the Men's England Hockey League Premier Division for Old Georgians, along with his two older brothers.
He was picked to represent Wales at the 2023 Hockey World Cup. He became the first player to score a goal for Wales at a Hockey World Cup, during the team's 5-1 loss to Spain on 15 January 2023.
# Guilty: Liberal "Victims" and Their Assault on America

Guilty: Liberal "Victims" and Their Assault on America is a book by American far-right author Ann Coulter, published in 2009. In the book, she argues that liberals are always playing the victim – when in fact, as she sees it, they are the victimizers. The book reached #2 on the New York Times best-sellers list and was her seventh book to appear on the list.
# Rebecca Tavo

Rebecca Tavo (born 23 March 1983) is a former Australian triple international. She has represented Australia in rugby league, rugby sevens and touch. She has captained the Australian women's sevens team. She competed for Australia at the 2009 and 2013 Rugby World Cup Sevens. She also represented Fiji at the Rio Olympics.

## Biography

Tavo was part of the Champion Australian Women's Touch team at the 2011 Touch World Cup in Scotland. In 2006, she became BHP Billiton's first female train driver. She is also the first Rotuman female to play rugby internationally.
In 2015, she changed allegiance and played for the Fijiana team in the Oceania 7's helping them to win the tournament as well as qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics.
# San Pietro, Frascineto

San Pietro (Church of St Peter) is a Byzantine style, Roman Catholic church located in the town of Frascineto, Province of Cosenza, region of Calabria, Italy.

## History

The church was built in the 10th century, and was property of Basilian Order monks until the 18th century. The nave, with two aisles, is oriented towards the west and has an apse, cupola and presbytery that are typically Byzantine. The church is presently deconsecrated. The dome is layers and roofed in tiles.
# Lowndesville, South Carolina

Lowndesville is a town in Abbeville County, South Carolina. The population was 120 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

Lowndesville is located at 34°12′37″N 82°38′58″W﻿ / ﻿34.21028°N 82.64944°W﻿ / 34.21028; -82.64944 (34.210385, -82.649336).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.77 square miles (2.0 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 166 people, 76 households, and 46 families residing in the town. The population density was 214.1 inhabitants per square mile (82.7/km$^2$). There were 124 housing units at an average density of 159.9 per square mile (61.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 76.51% White, 20.48% African American, and 3.01% from two or more races.
There were 76 households, out of which 19.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.5% were married couples living together, 18.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.2% were non-families. 35.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.83.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 19.3% under the age of 18, 12.7% from 18 to 24, 21.7% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.2 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $22,778, and the median income for a family was $24,444. Males had a median income of $22,500 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,048. About 22.9% of families and 28.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 80.0% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

## Education

It is in the Abbeville County School District.
# Cathedral of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, Bratislava

The Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross (Slovak: Chrám Povýšenia vznešeného a životodarného kríža) is a cathedral in Bratislava, Slovakia. It was built in the year 1860 at the edge of St. Andrew's cemetery (Ondrejský cintorín). Since 1972, the church belongs to Slovak Greek Catholic Church. It is the cathedral church of the Eparchy of Bratislava since 2008.

## History

The founding stone was laid on May 13, 1859. The church was consecrated by Archbishop of Esztergom, cardinal János Scitovszky (Slovak: Ján Scitovský) on September 14, 1860.
Today, liturgy is both in Slovak and Old Church Slavonic.
# Heidegger on Concepts, Freedom and Normativity

Heidegger on Concepts, Freedom, and Normativity is a 2014 book by the philosopher Sacha Golob, in which the author provides an account of the arguments and concepts characterizing the philosopher Martin Heidegger's early thought and examines their positions both in contemporary analytic philosophy and the history of philosophy. He argues against existing interpretations of Heidegger on intentionality and believes that Heidegger emphasizes a unique position regarding conceptual and representational content.
# Cardross, Victoria

Cardross is a town approximately 15 km south east of Mildura, in north western Victoria, Australia. At the 2021 census, Cardross and the surrounding area had a population of 847. It was the site of a road fatality in February 2006, in which six teenagers were killed in a hit-run crash.
Cardross named after the Scottish village was established as a farming community in the 1920s, the Post Office opening on 15 June 1925.
Cardross has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Millewa Football League.
Cardross Lakes are southwest of the township.
# Mingkwan Saengsuwan

Mingkwan Saengsuwan (Thai: มิ่งขวัญ แสงสุวรรณ์, born 5 February 1952) is a Thai politician. In 2008, he served as Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand and as Minister of Commerce.

## Early life and education

Mingkwan was born on 5 February 1952 in Bangkok, but grew up in the northern region, Chiang Rai. He is the youngest child Of the three siblings, he graduated high school from Wat Nuannoradit School. He received a bachelor's degree in law from Chulalongkorn University and a certificate in Executive Development Program from Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, United States.
He started working as a salesperson with Toyota Motors Thailand Co., Ltd. later moved up to the marketing department. It is said that Mingkwan is the only employee among the 70,000 employees of the entire Toyota Group that can skip from department manager immediately become a director without being in accordance with Japanese administrative customs is arranged in order of seniority and job class.
Later, during the Thaksin Shinawatra government, Mingkwan had the opportunity to help Somkid Jatusripitak Deputy Prime Minister in Economic Affairs and the Minister of Finance at that time by being a consultant about tourism.
Mingkwan was chosen to hold office Director of the Mass Communication Organization of Thailand (MCOT) by starting work from the reform Thai color TV station, Channel 9, from the old era has become a modern television station in the name of Modern Nine TV until leading to privatization MCOT from government organizations became a state-owned public broadcaster. Mingkwan was one of those who resisted the 2006 Thai coup d'état under the direction of Prime Minister Thaksin by helping Thaksin issue a declaration of state emergency in Bangkok via long-distance mobile phone from abroad broadcast on MCOT.

## Political careers

In 2007, the People's Power Party approach him to be Head of the Party's Economic Working Group and on 6 February 2008, Mingkwan took office as Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs and Minister of Commerce in the Cabinet of Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej. Then Mingkwan joined and served as head of the New Economics Party to apply for a 2019 Thai general election.
He is also a former leader of the New Economics Party. On 8 June 2022, Mingkwan formed a new party called Okas Thai (Thai Opportunity).
On 6 December 2022, he launched with the Palang Pracharath Party as the head of the economic policy team, and is one of the candidates for Prime Minister from the party's nomination in the general elections in early 2023 as well.
# Maple Hill (New Jersey)

Maple Hill is a mountain in northeastern Sussex County, New Jersey. The summit rises to 1,224 feet (373 m). The Appalachian Trail passes Maple Hill, but does not ascend to the summit. It is part of the New York–New Jersey Highlands of the Appalachian Mountains.
# The Hell of Good Intentions

The Hell of Good Intentions: America's Foreign Policy Elite and the Decline of U.S. Primacy is a book by Stephen M. Walt, which focuses on the foreign policy of the U.S. government. According to the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Walt unveils the reality of White House foreign policy and argues that past U.S. presidents such as Clinton, Bush, and Obama, avoided accountability for repeated failures of their foreign policies. He also argues that such foreign policy mistakes contributed to the election of Donald Trump as president. In the book, Walt offers his take on what U.S. foreign policy should be and suggests that U.S. politicians should change their foreign policy approach.
In the book, Walt, a professor of international affairs at Harvard University, reviews U.S. foreign policy and its results over the past quarter-century. Lloyd Green, of The Guardian website writes that Walt places the onus for what he argues is the decline of the U.S. on its foreign policy, and that he argues for an "offshore balancing strategy" under which the U.S. would allow regional actors to play out their own conflicts. That foreign policy strategy is similar to the approach of President Richard Nixon.
Walt argues that the U.S. has spent trillions of dollars abroad fighting terrorists, attempting to expand democracy, and ensuring the security of other countries. He also believes that those strategies have failed to achieve their goal.
Walt presents an analysis of the foreign policies used by the Clinton, Bush, and Obama administrations. He goes on to argue that their foreign policy strategies were failures, and the presidents responsible have been able to avoid accountability. Walt argues that past presidential failures facilitated Trump's bid to become U.S. president. Walt argues that U.S. foreign policies in other countries have changed over time from using military force to expanding democracy to maintaining a balance of power.
Walt outlines a number of different potential foreign policy strategies. He explores some of those policies, including offshore balancing, which calls for the U.S. to focus its offshore capabilities on Europe, the Persian Gulf, and Northeast Asia by using favored regional powers to check the rise of potentially-hostile powers; and the Nixon Doctrine, a position expounded by Nixon, which states that every crisis does not warrant American troops and firepower and that American involvement can engender resentment and blowback in American society.
Walt declares the folly of grand ambitions and considers that "doing something" can be far more costly than watching and waiting. Finally, he proposes his own foreign policy strategy by advocating offshore balancing, a return to diplomacy, and the prioritizing of peace.
# Janis: Her Life and Music

Janis: Her Life and Music is a 2019 book by Holly George-Warren that examines the life of Janis Joplin. The book has five "positive" reviews, eight "rave" reviews, and two "mixed" reviews, according to review aggregator Book Marks.