OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Msh homeobox 2

Homeobox protein MSX-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MSX2 gene.

## Function

This gene encodes a member of the muscle segment homeobox gene family. The encoded protein is a transcriptional repressor whose normal activity may establish a balance between survival and apoptosis of neural crest-derived cells required for proper craniofacial morphogenesis. The encoded protein may also have a role in promoting cell growth under certain conditions and may be an important target for the RAS signaling pathways. Mutations in this gene are associated with parietal foramina 1 and craniosynostosis type 2. Msx2 is a homeobox gene localized on human chromosome 5 that encodes a transcription repressor and activator (MSX-2) responsible for craniofacial and limb-bud development. Cells will express msx2 when exposed to signaling molecules BMP-2 and BMP-4 in situ. It is well documented that expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules such as E-cadherins will promote structural integrity and an epithelial arrangement of cells, while expression of N-cadherin and vimentin promote mesenchymal arrangement and cell migration. Msx2 downregulates E-cadherins and upregulates N-cadherin and vimentin which indicates its role in inducing epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Germline knockout mice have been created for this gene (Msx2 +/-) in order to examine functional loss. Clinical studies on craniosynostosis, or the premature fusion of cranial structures, have shown the condition to be genetically linked to mutation in the msx2 homeobox gene.

## Interactions

Msh homeobox 2 has been shown to interact with DLX5, DLX2 and MSX1.
# Gudalur, Theni

Gudalur is a municipal town in Theni district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, its population was 41,915.

## Geography

Gudalur is located at 9°19′N 77°12′E﻿ / ﻿9.31°N 77.20°E﻿ / 9.31; 77.20. It has an average elevation of 340 metres (1112 ft).

## Demographics

Religious census :
| Religion | Religion | Percent(%) | Percent(%) |
| Hindu | Hindu | 92.31% | 92.31% |
| Muslim | Muslim | 5.25% | 5.25% |
| Christian | Christian | 2.34% | 2.34% |
| Sikh | Sikh | 0.01% | 0.01% |
| Other | Other | 0.1% | 0.1% |
According to the 2011 census, Gudalur had a population of 41,915 with a sex-ratio of 1,006 females for every 1,000 males, well above the national average of 929. A total of 3,355 were under the age of six, constituting 1,727 males and 1,628 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 6.61% and .56% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 66.83%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The town had a total of 12,001 households. There were a total of 20,860 workers, comprising 799 cultivators, 13,578 main agricultural labourers, 637 in house hold industries, 4,206 other workers, 1,640 marginal workers, 22 marginal cultivators, 1,055 marginal agricultural labourers, 121 marginal workers in household industries and 442 other marginal workers.
As per the religious census of 2011, Gudalur (M) had 92.31% Hindus, 5.25% Muslims, 2.34% Christians, 0.01% Sikhs and 0.1% following other religions.

## History

Life here revolves around agriculture and almost everyone has something or the other to do with farming. This place is a village surrounded by paddy fields, vast expanses of arid land, diverse flora and fauna. Principal crops are paddy, pulses, coconut, grapes, vegetables, flowers and groundnut. Crops such as gingely and cotton are also extensively cultivated. Main source of water is from Periyar Dam. The Tamil Nadu government has undertaken to build a memorial for Col. John Penny Cuick, who built the Mullai Periyar Dam at Lower Camp, near Gudalur.
The Azhagar Swamy Temple (Thiru koodal azhagiya perumal) is said to be over 1,000 years old but evidences prove that they are probably 500 years old. e. It is built with the same architecture of Madurai Alagar temple.
The Mangaladevi Kottam, an ancient temple, which is dedicated to Kannagi, the Tamil goddess is situated very close to Gudalur. This temple site is under dispute between the Tamil Nadu and Kerala states and access to the temple is granted by the Kerala State only once every year.
# Direk, South Australia

Direk is a suburb located in the City of Salisbury, Adelaide, South Australia. It is bounded by Heaslip Road, Diment Road, Bolivar Road and the Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line.
Direk is predominantly an industrial suburb, with residential development in the southeast adjoining Salisbury North and Burton residential areas. To the north lies the RAAF Edinburgh base. Direk Primary School is in the much larger suburb of Salisbury North.

## History

Originally named after a railway close to Salisbury and a term referring to a wetland in Aboriginal language, The language currently unknown, this suburban area was established in 1966 by C.L. and B.J. Wilkinson, C.L. Bonython, and M.R. Turner.

### Diment Family History

The Diment family played a notable role in Burton, South Australia's educational history. Francis Diment was a teacher at Burton school from 1868 to 1871. He was succeeded by William Diment, who continued from 1871 to 1873. Francis maintained regular attendance and taught various scientific subjects. William continued the educational efforts. Ivy Diment, born in 1890 and later Mrs. F.T.P. Heidenreich, recalled her schooldays at Burton, noting the dedication of teachers like Mr. Lang. The Diment family's contributions extended beyond education, impacting the community significantly.Direk is a suburb in the City of Salisbury.
# AD 58

AD 58 (LVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Messalla (or, less frequently, year 811 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 58 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Empire

* Emperor Nero and Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus become Roman consuls.
* The friendship between Nero and Marcus Salvius Otho ends when they both fall in love with Poppea Sabina, and Otho is sent to Lusitania as governor.
* Agrippina the Younger is expelled from the imperial palace by her son Nero, who installs her in Villa Antonia in Misenum, and leaving more of the effective and real power of Empire in the hands of Nero.
* Roman-Parthian War: Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, commander in the East, launches his Armenian offensive against Parthia. He leads a Roman army (four legions) through the mountainous country of Armenia, against the fortress at Volandum, to the southwest of Artaxata. After a siege of eight hours Corbulo takes the city; the legionnaires massacre the defenders and plunder Volandum to their hearts' content.
* Corbulo marches to Artaxata crossing the Aras River; along the valley he is shadowed by tens of thousands of mounted Parthian archers led by king Tiridates I. The city opens its gates to Corbulo, just as it had to Germanicus four decades before. When he takes the 250-year-old Armenian capital, Corbulo gives the residents a few hours to collect their valuables and burns the city to the ground.
* The Ficus Ruminalis begins to die (see Rumina).
* Agrippina the Younger, conspired with the senators in late 58 to overthrow Nero.
* Gnaeus Julius Agricola, 18 years old, is serving as a military tribune in Britain under Gaius Suetonius Paulinus and is attached to Legio II Augusta.

#### Europe

* In Thuringia conflict between two Germanic tribes erupts over access to water.
* Romans learn the use of soap from the Gauls (approximate date).

#### Asia

* Emperor Ming of Han introduces Buddhism to China inviting monks from the western Indus Valley.
* In China, sacrifices to Confucius are ordered in all government schools.
* Start of Yongping era of the Chinese Han dynasty.

### By topic
#### Religion

* The apostle Paul returns to Jerusalem with the money he has collected to give the Christian community there. However, he is accused of defiling the temple, and is arrested and imprisoned in Caesarea. He then invokes his Roman citizenship and is sent to Rome to be judged.
* Paul writes his Epistle to the Romans (approximate date).

## Births

* Juvenal, Roman poet and writer (approximate date)
* Xu Shen, Chinese politician and writer (approximate date)

## Deaths

* Deng Yu, Chinese general of the Han dynasty (b. AD 2)
* Geng Yan, Chinese general of the Han dynasty (b. AD 3)
* Pharasmanes I, Roman client king of Iberia
* Rhadamistus, Roman client king of Armenia
# Diving at the 1990 Asian Games

Diving was contested at the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing, China from October 1 to October 6, 1990.

## Medalists
### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1 m springboard | Tan Liangde China | Wang Yijie China | Chimaki Yasuda Japan |
| 3 m springboard | Tan Liangde China | Li Deliang China | Lee Yuan-ming Chinese Taipei |
| 10 m platform | Sun Shuwei China | Xiong Ni China | Keita Kaneto Japan |
| Team | China Li Deliang Sun Shuwei Tan Liangde Wang Yijie Xiong Ni | Japan Keita Kaneto Takamasa Ogasawara Chimaki Yasuda | North Korea An Chol-hyok Cho Gum-san Kim Yong-su Song Yong-il |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1 m springboard | Gao Min China | Yu Xiaoling China | Yuki Motobuchi Japan |
| 3 m springboard | Gao Min China | Zhang Yuping China | Yuki Motobuchi Japan |
| 10 m platform | Xu Yanmei China | Kim Chun-ok North Korea | Fu Mingxia China |
| Team | China Fu Mingxia Gao Min Xu Yanmei Yu Xiaoling Zhang Yuping | North Korea Ho Yong-hwa Kang Hyon-suk Kim Chun-ok Kim Hye-ok | Japan Masako Asada Yuki Motobuchi Kaoru Yonekura |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | China (CHN) | 8 | 5 | 1 | 14 |
| 2 | North Korea (PRK) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | Japan (JPN) | 0 | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| 4 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (4 entries) | Totals (4 entries) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |
# Serellan

Serellan LLC is an American video game developer founded in 2011 by Christian Allen. The company has released one video game currently, Takedown: Red Sabre for Microsoft Windows and Xbox Live Arcade. Their second title, EPSILON, is currently on Steam Early Access.

## History

Serellan was founded by Christian Allen in 2011. Prior to the company's establishment, Allen was lead designer for Ghost Recon: Advanced Warfighter and Halo: Reach.
In June 2012, after the closure of Zipper Interactive, former staff Mark Nicolino and Reed Gonsalves joined Serellan.
Serellan's first game was Takedown: Red Sabre. Originally titled as just Takedown, its development was financed through a crowdfunding campaign on Kickstarter. It reached its $200,000 goal on April 2, 2012, with the final tally being at $221,833. The game was released in 2013 for Microsoft Windows and in 2014 for Xbox 360. The Xbox 360 version was delayed due to not passing certification requirements.

## Games

* Takedown: Red Sabre
* EPSILON
* Hotel Blind
# Ralph Quarterson

Ralph Quarterson (October 11, 1939 – June 6 2020) was an American dirt modified and sprint car racing driver. He won over 500 feature events including 149 features and 14 track titles at Mercer Raceway Park PA.

## Racing career

Ralph Quarterson began racing in 1959 at the Ashtabula County Fairgrounds in Jefferson, Ohio, garnering his first feature win during his rookie season. He then went on to compete successfully at Expo Speedway OH, Motordrome 70 Speedway PA, Sharon Speedway OH, and Tri-City Speedway PA. In addition to his success at Mercer, Quarterson captured four track championships at Lernerville Speedway PA, and two at Butler Speedway PA.
Quarterson was the inaugural titlist of the All Star Circuit of Champions, and was a five-time winner of Western Pennsylvania Sprint Championship. He was inducted into the Northeast Dirt Modified Hall of Fame in 2010, and the Mercer County Hall of Fame in 2012.
# Belém de São Francisco

Belém de São Francisco (Bethlehem of San Francisco) is a city in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The population in 2020, according with IBGE was 20,730 and the area is 1830.81 km².

## Geography

* State - Pernambuco
* Region - São Francisco Pernambucano
* Boundaries - Salgueiro (N); Bahia state (S); Itacuruba and Carnaubeira da Penha (E); Cabrobó (W)
* Area - 1830.81 km²
* Elevation - 305 m
* Hydrography - Pajeú and Terra Nova rivers
* Vegetation - Caatinga hiperxerófila.
* Climate - Semi arid ( Sertão) hot and dry
* Annual average temperature - 26.2 c
* Distance to Recife - 456 km

## Economy

The main economic activities in Belém de São Francisco are based in general commerce and agribusiness, especially farming of goats, sheep, cattle, donkeys and chickens; and plantations of mangoes, onions, and rice.

### Economic Indicators

| Population | GDP x(1000 R$). | GDP pc (R$) | PE |
| 21.342 | 78.820 | 3.836 | 0.13% |
Economy by Sector 2006
| Primary sector | Secondary sector | Service sector |
| 20.04% | 9.43% | 70.54% |

### Health Indicators

| HDI (2000) | Hospitals (2007) | Hospitals beds (2007) | Children's Mortality every 1000 (2005) |
| 0.669 | 1 | 48 | 22.4 |

## Notable people

* Sérgia Ribeiro da Silva (1915-1994), a prominent cangaçeira
# AD 119

Year 119 (CXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Hadrianus and Rusticus (or, less frequently, year 872 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 119 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Empire

* Emperor Hadrian stations Legio VI Victrix in Roman Britain, to assist in quelling the resistance of a local rebellion. The legion is key in securing the victory, and eventually replaces Legio IX Hispana at Eboracum.
* Hadrian also visits Britain in this year at the request of governor of Britain Quintus Pompeius Falco.
* Salonia Matidia (a niece of former Emperor Trajan) dies. Hadrian delivers her funeral oration, and grants her a temple in Rome.

#### Asia

* Reign in Northern India by Nahapana, Scythian king. He attacks the kingdom of Andhra and annexes Southern Rajputana.

## Births

* Gaius Bruttius Praesens, Roman politician (approximate date)
* Marina of Aguas Santas, Roman Christian martyr (d. 139)

## Deaths

* December 23 – Salonia Matidia, niece of Trajan (b. AD 68)
* Plutarch, Greek historian and biographer (b. AD 46)
* San Secondo of Asti, Roman bishop and martyr
* Serapia, Roman slave and martyr (approximate date)
# The Romany Rye (band)

The Romany Rye is a band formed by Luke MacMaster, former guitarist of The Colour. Their first album, Highway 1, Looking Back Carefully, was released on October 5, 2009 with a track listing of eight songs. The band could be categorized as indie folk-rock and draws comparisons to the likes of Neil Young, My Morning Jacket, Ryan Adams & The Cardinals, and many others. Kings of Leon guitarist Matthew Followill, whose band has its early roots in country rock, dubbed them a band to watch in 2010. On January 3, 2012, they released their second album, "Quicksilver Sunbeam".
The band's song "Untitled (Love Song)" was covered by Counting Crows on their 2012 album Underwater Sunshine.

## Highway 1, Looking Back Carefully

| Track | Track Title | Length |
| 1 | Brother | 4:36 |
| 2 | Dear Holly | 3:44 |
| 3 | Old Soul | 4:16 |
| 4 | All the Boys | 4:18 |
| 5 | Black Hair | 2:43 |
| 6 | Long Way Down | 3:53 |
| 7 | Marquee | 2:42 |
| 8 | Untitled (Love Song) | 5:22 |

## Quicksilver Sunbeam

On January 3, 2012, The Romany Rye released "Quicksilver Sunbeam." The album contained 12 tracks including "Brother" and "Untitled (Love Song)" from their previous release. Some albums were released with a bonus 13th track, "Yesterday's Boy".
| Track | Track Title | Length |
| 1 | My True North | 4:00 |
| 2 | You Only For My Sorrow | 3:13 |
| 3 | New King Of The Mountain | 4:42 |
| 4 | Sunday Smoke (Jesus Christ) | 3:58 |
| 5 | Untitled (Love Song) | 5:24 |
| 6 | Hold The Ones You Love | 4:15 |
| 7 | Brother | 4:37 |
| 8 | My Old Home | 3:40 |
| 9 | Country Girls | 3:36 |
| 10 | Quicksilver Sunbeam | 3:18 |
| 11 | On The Road | 5:05 |
| 12 | I Hate Myself | 4:32 |
| 13 | Yesterday's Boy (Bonus Track) | 3:46 |

## Rolling Stone Cover Contest

In early February 2011, when Rolling Stone magazine created a contest called "Do You Wanna Be A Rock & Roll Star?", The Romany Rye was one of the 16 selected bands. The contest pits these 16 up-and-coming bands against each other in a tournament where fans vote on the bands in order to progress them to the next round. The winner will be featured on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine. On March 16, it was announced that the band made it through into the second round, with 8 bands left. However, it was later reported that the band was disqualified due to a non disclosure agreement violation after Round Two. The Sheepdogs went on to win the competition and be the first ever unsigned band to appear on the cover of Rolling Stone.
# Shen Liming

Shen Liming (申黎明; born April 1964) is a politician in China.

## Life

Shen Liming was born in Huixian County, Henan Province. He obtained a master's degree from the Party School of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party with a bachelor's degree in on-the-job management.
In July 1985, he served as a clerk and section member of the Personnel Department of Henan Provincial Department of Justice; In March 1990, he became the Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of the Henan Provincial Department of Justice. In December 1995, he became deputy director of the Political Department of Henan Provincial Department of Justice. In April 1998, he was appointed Director of the Political Department of Henan Provincial Department of Justice. In January 2001, he was appointed deputy director of the Department of Justice of Henan Province and member of the Party Committee. Since July 2002, he has been member of the Standing Committee of the Sanmenxia Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Secretary of the Political and Legal Committee. Member of the Standing Committee of the CCP Henan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection and Deputy Secretary of the Provincial Political and Legal Committee.
In July 2017, he was appointed CCP Committee Secretary and Director of the Department of Justice of Henan Province.
In September 2021, he was appointed deputy Secretary-General of the Standing Committee of the Henan Provincial People's Congress.
# Pandėlys Eldership

The Pandėlys Eldership (Lithuanian: Pandėlio seniūnija) is an eldership of Lithuania, located in the Rokiškis District Municipality. In 2021 its population was 2321.
# Anastásia Olave

Anastásia Olave Solari (born 5 May 1989) is an indoor and field hockey player from Uruguay.

## Career
### Field hockey

Olave made her debut for Las Cimarronas in 2008, at the South American Championship in Montevideo.
Since her debut, Olave has gone on the represent the national team in multiple major tournaments. In 2018, she won a silver medal with the team at the South American Games in Cochabamba.
In 2019, she was a member of the team at the Pan American Games in Lima.

### Indoor

Anastásia Olave made her debut for the Uruguayan indoor team at the 2010 Indoor Pan American Cup, where she won a silver medal.
She went on to represent the team again at the 2011 Indoor World Cup in Poznań.
# Messengers (American band)

Messengers is an American Christian metal band, and they primarily play thrash metal. They come from Dallas, Texas. The band started making music in 2008, and their members are lead vocalist, Chad Paramore, lead guitarist, Chance Paramore, bassists, Thomas Kilgore (TK), Guitarist Andy Rhodes, and drummer, Noah Boyce. The band released an extended play, Anthems, in 2010 with Facedown Records alongside Strike First Records. Later joined by Guitarist Phillip Odom Their second extended play, No Shelter, was released in 2013. They are not to be confused with the UK Prog band, "Messenger", whose demo "Solid Chirps" sounds entirely different.

## Background

Messengers is a Christian metal band from Dallas, Texas. Their members are lead vocalist, Chad Paramore, lead guitarist, Chance Paramore, bassists, Thomas Kilgore and Andy Rhodes, and drummer, Noah Boyce. Later joined by Guitarist Phillip Odom

## Music history

The band commenced as a musical entity in 2008, with their first release, Anthems, an extended play, that was released by Facedown Records alongside Strike First Records on November 9, 2010. Their second extended play, No Shelter, was independently released, in 2013.

## Members

Current members
* Chad Paramore – lead vocals
* Chance Paramore – guitar
* Andy Rhodes – guitar

## Discography
### EPs

* Anthems (November 9, 2010, Facedown/Strike First)
* No Shelter (2013, Independent)
# AD 86

AD 86 (LXXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Petronianus (or, less frequently, year 839 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 86 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Empire

* Emperor Domitian introduces the Capitoline Games.
* Roman general (and future emperor) Trajan begins a campaign to crush an uprising in Germania.
* Germania is divided into two provinces, Germania Inferior and Germania Superior (approximate date).
* Martial publishes Books I and II of the Epigrams.

#### Dacia

* First Battle of Tapae: Roman legions face disaster in Dacia, when Roman general Cornelius Fuscus launches a powerful offensive that becomes a failure. Encircled in the valley of Timi, he dies along with his entire army. Rome must pay tribute to the Dacians in exchange for a vague recognition of Rome's importance.

#### Asia

* Ban Gu (Pan Kou) and his sister Ban Zhao (Pan Tchao) compose the History of China.

## Births

* September 19 – Antoninus Pius, Roman emperor (d. 161)

## Deaths

* June 9 – Cornelius Fuscus, Roman general and praetorian prefect
# Wendy Cutler

Wendy Cutler is an American diplomat currently serving as Vice President of the Asia Society Policy Institute and managing director of its Washington D.C. office. She also serves on the board of advisors for Georgetown University Walsh School of Foreign Service's Institute for the Study of Diplomacy.

## Education

Cutler holds a BA in international relations from George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs in 1979 and a MA in Foreign Service from Georgetown University.

## Career

Cutler joined the Asia Society in November 2015 following a near 30-year career as a diplomat and negotiator in the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), where she also served as Acting Deputy U.S. Trade Representative.
Cutler worked on a range of negotiations and initiatives related to the Asia-Pacific, including the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement, the Trans-Pacific Partnership, U.S.-China trade relations, the WTO Financial Services negotiations, the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Forum, and the U.S.-India Trade Policy Forum.
Prior to her USTR service, Cutler worked for the Commerce Department on trade-related issues from 1983 to 1988.
Cutler started her government career as a Presidential Management Fellow after completing her graduate studies in economics and trade at Georgetown.

## Publications
### Reports

* Resilience & Resolve: Lessons from Lithuania's Experience with Chinese Economic Coercion, Asia Society, April 17, 2024 (co-authored with Shay Wester)
* Jump-starting U.S. Trade and Economic Engagement in the Indo-Pacific, Asia Society, September 13, 2023

### Articles

* How Will the Next US President Tackle the China Economic Challenge? The Diplomat, April 1, 2024
* U.S. made the most of APEC given what it had to work with, Nikkei Asia, November 27, 2023
* It's Time for America and India to Talk Trade, Foreign Affairs, April 14, 2022 (co-authored with Kenneth I. Juster, Mohan Kumar, and Naushad Forbes)
* America Must Return to the Trans-Pacific Partnership, Foreign Affairs, September 10, 2021