# Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hankou

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hankou (Latin: Hancheuvensis, Chinese: 漢口) is a Latin Rite Metropolitan archdiocese, based in Hankou, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Its archiepiscopal see is the St. Joseph's Cathedral, in Hankou, Wuhan.
It is since 1961, due to the political situation, a vacant 'underground' (arch)diocese, without apostolic administrator.

## History

* Established in 1696 as Apostolic Vicariate of Hupeh and Hunan 湖廣 / Houkouang, on territory split off from the Apostolic Vicariate of Fujian
* Renamed on 8 April 1856 as Apostolic Vicariate of Hupeh 湖北 / Hu-pé, having lost territory to establish Apostolic Vicariate of Hunan 湖南)
* Lost territory on 1870.09.02 to establish Apostolic Vicariate of Southwestern Hupeh 湖北南境
* Renamed on September 11, 1870 as Apostolic Vicariate of Eastern Hupeh, having lost territory to establish Apostolic Vicariate of Northwestern Hupeh 湖北西北)
* Renamed on December 12, 1923 after its see as Apostolic Vicariate of Hankou
* Lost territories again: on 1929.07.18 to establish Mission sui juris of Huangzhou 黃州 and on 1937.06.17 to establish Apostolic Prefecture of Suixian 隨縣
* Promoted on 1946.04.11 as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Hankou

## Ecclesiastical province

Its Suffragan sees are:
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Hanyang 漢陽
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Laohekou
* Puqi 蒲圻
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Qizhou 蘄州
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Shinan 施南
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Wuchang 武昌
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Xiangyang 襄陽
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Yichang 宜昌

## Episcopal ordinaries

(all Roman Rite)

### Apostolic Vicars of Hupeh and Hunan 湖廣

* Giovanni Francesco Nicolai(s) (余宜閣), Friars Minor (O.F.M.) (born Italy) (1696.10.20 – death 1737.12.27), Titular Archbishop of Myra (1712.08.20 – 1737.12.27), previously Bishop of Nanjing 南京 (China) (1691 – 1696.10.20), Titular Bishop of Berytus (1696.10.20 – 1712.08.20)
* Giacomo Luigi Fontana (馮), Paris Foreign Missions Society (M.E.P.) (born Italy) (1838 – death 1838.07.11), Titular Bishop of Sinita (1817.05.24 – 1838.07.11); previously Apostolic Vicar of Szechwan 四川 (China) (1817.05.24 – 1838)
* Giovanni Domenico Rizzolati, O.F.M. (born Italy) (1839.08.30 – retired 1856.04.08), Titular Bishop of Arad (1839.08.30 – death 1862.04.13)

### Apostolic Vicars of Hupeh 湖北東境

* Luigi Celestino Spelta (徐類思 / 徐伯達), Reformed Friars Minor (O.F.M. Ref.) (born Italy) (1856.04.08 – 1862.09.02), Titular Bishop of Thespia (1848.09.17 – death 1862.09.02); next Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar of Kiangnan 江南 (China) (1848.09.17 – 1856.04.08)
* Eustachio Vito Modesto Zanoli (明位篤), O.F.M. (born Italy) (1862.09.01 – 1870.09.11 see below), Titular Bishop of Eleutheropolis (1857.08.06 – 1883.05.17); succeeding as previous Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of Hupeh 湖北 (1857.08.06 – 1862.09.01), earlier Titular Bishop of Magyddus (1856.12.04 – 1857.08.06 not possessed)

### Apostolic Vicars of Eastern Hupeh 湖北東境

* Eustachio Vito Modesto Zanoli (明位篤), O.F.M. (see above 1870.09.11 – death 1883.05.17)
* Epiphane Carlassare, O.F.M. (born Italy) (18 June 1884 – death 24 July 1909), Titular Bishop of Madauros (1884.06.18 – 1909.07.24)

### Apostolic Vicars of Hankou 漢口

* Graziano Génnaro, O.F.M. (24 July 1909 – death 1923.12.19), Titular Bishop of Hiericho (1906.08.25 – 1923.12.19), succeeding as previous Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of Eastern Hupeh 湖北東境 (1906.08.25 – 1909.07.24)
* Apostolic Administrator Eugenio Massi, O.F.M. (希賢) (born Italy) (1925 – succession 26 January 1927), Titular Bishop of Joppe (1910.02.15 – death 10 December 1944); previously Apostolic Vicar of Northern Shansi 山西北境 (China) (1910.02.15 – 1916.07.07), Apostolic Vicar of Central Shensi 陝西中境 (China) (1916.07.07 – 1924.12.03), Apostolic Vicar of Xi’anfu 西安府 (China) (1924.12.03 – 1927.01.26)
* Eugenio Massi, O.F.M. (希賢) (26 January 1927 – death 10 December 1944)

### Metropolitan Archbishops of Hankou 漢口

* Giuseppe Ferruccio Maurizio Rosà (羅錦章), O.F.M. (born Italy) (1946.07.26 – death 1961.08.08)
* uncanonical Bernardine Dong Guang-qing (董光清), O.F.M. (first native Chinese incumbent) (1958 – 1994 see below), first term without papal mandate
* Victor Liu He-de (1984 - death 10 December 2001)
* Giuseppe Ferruccio Maurizio Rosà, O.F.M. (see above 26 July 1946 – death 8 August 1961), canonical second term with papal mandate
* long vacancy
* Francis Cui Qingqi, ordained 8 September 2020