OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ville Tavio

Ville Tapani Tavio (born June 25, 1984) is a Finnish politician and member of the Parliament of Finland (MP). He became the chairperson of the Finns Party Parliamentary Group in April 2019. He has been Minister for Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade since June 2023.

## Education

After upper secondary school graduation, Tavio enrolled in the University of Turku and received LL.M. degree in 2012. He has been an exchange student at the Prince of Songkla University in Thailand in 2010.

## Political career

Tavio joined the Finns Party in 2012. He was first elected to the Turku City Council in October 2012 and to the Parliament of Finland in April 2015.
In June 2023, he was appointed Minister for Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade in the Orpo Cabinet.

## Controversies

After his appointment in June 2023, Tavio's past remarks came under scrutiny, as he had continuously claimed in the Parliament that ethnic Finns are being demographically replaced with non-white peoples, thus referring to the Great Replacement. Finnish Security Intelligence Service considers that the Great Replacement is one of the noteworthy ideological motivations of far-right terrorism.
Tavio has also written that, if living in the Wild West, "climate-crazed" president of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen would have been "kicked out of the country and dipped in oil and feathers". These writings circulated widely in German media after Tavio's appointment.
# Matthias Ecke

Matthias Ecke (born 12 April 1983) is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament for the Social Democratic Party since 2022.

## Early career

Before entering the European Parliament, Ecke worked as advisor to Martin Dulig at Saxony's State Ministry for Economic Affairs.

## Political career

In parliament, Ecke has been serving on the Committee on Regional Development. In addition to his committee assignments, he is part of the parliament's delegation for relations with Belarus.

### Assault in 2024

In 2024, Ecke was assaulted by a group of four young males while putting up campaign posters in Dresden-Striesen ahead of the 2024 European Parliament election in Germany and had to undergo an emergency surgery. The same group attacked two teams of Green Party election workers in the same night, leaving a 28-year-old injured.
A 17-year-old from the group of perpetrators, who a witness identified as belonging to the far-right, turned himself in to the police one day after the attack. By 5 May, the Saxony police had also identified the three other perpetrators.
German chancellor Olaf Scholz (SPD) said that the attack on Ecke was "depressing" and that democracy was threatened by such acts. Interior Minister Nancy Faeser (SPD) warned "extremists and populists are stirring up a climate of increasing violence". Social Democrats blamed supporters of the far-right party Alternative for Germany (AfD) for the attack.
# René Repasi

René Repasi (born 8 November 1979) is a German politician from Social Democratic Party of Germany who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament since 2022.

## Career

Prior to entering parliament, Repasi worked as Professor of Public and Private Interests at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
In parliament, Repasi has since been serving on the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection. In this capacity, he is the parliament’s rapporteur on the right to repair.
# Thor Power Tool Co. v. Commissioner

Thor Power Tool Company v. Commissioner, 439 U.S. 522 (1979), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld IRS regulations limiting how taxpayers could write down inventory.
Thor manufactured equipment using multiple parts that it produced. It capitalized the costs of these parts when produced. When it had inventories of parts in excess of production needs, the company's accounting practice was to write down those inventories, taking a loss based on management judgment.
However, IRS regulations accepted this "lower of cost or market" method for tax purposes only if the taxpayer could demonstrate a reduced market price, or the goods were defective or "subnormal". It did not permit companies to write down goods simply because they were not selling them.
In court, the company argued that its deduction for loss should be allowed for tax purposes because it was permitted for accounting purposes. But the Court upheld the IRS regulations, saying, "There is no presumption that an inventory practice conformable to 'generally accepted accounting principles' is valid for tax purposes. Such a presumption is insupportable in light of the statute, this Court's past decisions, and the differing objectives of tax and financial accounting."

## Effects

The Thor decision caused publishers and booksellers to be much quicker to destroy stocks of poorly-selling books in order to realize a taxable loss. These books would previously have been kept in stock but written down to reflect the fact that not all of them were expected to sell.
# Calophysus macropterus

Calophysus macropterus, known natively as the piracatinga/pirácatina, piranambú, pintadinho, zamurito, water buzzard, or by its popular English name vulture catfish, is a species of catfish (order Siluriformes) of the monotypic genus Calophysus of the family Pimelodidae. It is sometimes placed in its own family, Calophysidae.

## Description

This species reaches 40 centimetres (16 in) SL, though lengths of 71 centimetres (28 in) have been reported. It originates from the Amazon and Orinoco basins, which encompasses waterways in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela.
The vulture catfish is so named because it is an active scavenger, seeking carcasses in its native waterways to consume in shoals; its feeding action promotes the skeletonization of its food items - they are able to consume all the muscles and viscera from an 80 kilograms (180 lb) cadaver within half an hour - though it apparently avoids feeding on cartilage elements, eyeballs, scalps, and limb extremities. Its voracious nature has led to it becoming an important species in forensic pathology, especially concerning those victims whose corpses ended up in rivers; C. macropterus is often found in association with the cadaver even after it is extracted from the water, often being found under the victim's clothing. This species is also stated to commonly attack fish caught in fishermen's nets and seines as well as those hooked on trotlines or gaffed. They also seem to congregate in areas where fishermen and fishmongers dispose of fish offal.

## In the aquarium

This fish is one of the smaller pimelodids available in the trade, and may be appropriate for a large aquarium. It is an adaptable and hardy species. Tankmates should be chosen with great care as this fish has the ability to bite and tear off pieces of flesh, although many who have actually kept the fish report no apparent signs of aggression.
# Ignosticism

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Ignosticism or igtheism is the idea that the question of the existence of God is meaningless because the word "God" has no coherent and unambiguous definition.

## Terminology

The term ignosticism was coined in 1964 by Sherwin Wine, a former Reform rabbi and a founding figure of Humanistic Judaism.

## Distinction from theological noncognitivism

Ignosticism and theological noncognitivism are similar although whereas the ignostic says "every theological position assumes too much about the concept of God", the theological noncognitivist claims to have no concept whatever to label as "a concept of God", but the relationship of ignosticism to other nontheistic views is less clear. While Paul Kurtz finds the view to be compatible with both weak atheism and agnosticism, other philosophers consider ignosticism to be distinct.
# Hutberg (Dürrhennersdorf)

Hutberg is a mountain of Saxony, southeastern Germany. The Hutberg is located immediately east of the Dürrhennersdorf train station and south of the K 8677 (Bahnhofsstraße) and rises about 80 meters from the valley of the Großschweidnitzer Wasser. To the east, on the edge of the forest, there are two larger ponds (Engeleiteiche) that drain northwards into the Großschweidnitzer Wasser in the Hutbergwasser.

## Geography

Its summit as well as the northern and eastern slopes are covered with forest areas, the western and southern slopes are occupied by agricultural grassland.
Blocks of granodiorite are scattered around with different densities. In some areas, they are completely absent. A cliff ridge about 4 m high and about 10 m long crowns the summit, which is also known as the Hutstein. To the south and southeast of it lie numerous blocks of rock, the edges of which, in contrast to the other blocks, look remarkably freshly weathered and angular. Granodiorite is found in the abandoned quarry west of the summit.
The surrounding forest is a mix of spruce, pine and larch, interspersed with individual red oaks.
# Joonas Rönnberg

Joonas Rönnberg (born February 19, 1983) is a Finnish professional ice hockey defenceman. He currently plays for HC Ludwig in Vantaa, Finland. He previously played for Sheffield Steelers of the UK's Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL).
Rönnberg made his Swedish Hockey League debut playing with Leksands IF during the 2013–14 SHL season. After four seasons with Leksands, Ronnberg left as a free agent to sign a one-year contract in Germany with Düsseldorfer EG of the DEL on May 26, 2015.
In June 2017, Rönnberg moved to the UK to sign for EIHL side the Sheffield Steelers on a one-year contract.
# Alfie Mocelutu

Alfie Moceulutu (born 9 July 1971) is a Fijian former rugby union footballer who played for Ospreys regional team as a flanker. He won 34 caps for Fiji, scoring 4 tries.
Moceulutu made his debut for the Ospreys regional team in 2003 having previously played for the Neath RFC, Caerphilly RFC and Honda Heat.
# Oktyabrsky City District, Ulan-Ude

Oktyabrsky (Октябрьский) City District is a city district under the Ulan-Ude city in the Republic of Buryatia, Russia.
# Goudiry department

Goudiry department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal, one of four making up the Tambacounda region. It was created by decree in 2008.
The department has two urban communes; Goudiry and Kothiary.
The rest of the department is divided administratively into four arrondissements which are in turn divided into rural communities (communautés rurales).
* Bala Arrondissement:
** Bala
** Koar
** Goumbayel
* Boynguel Bamba Arrondissement:
** Boynguel Bamba
** Sinthiou Mamadou Boubou
** Koussan
** Dougué
* Dianké Makha Arrondissement:
** Dianké Makha
** Boutoucoufara
** Bani Israël
** Komoti
* Koulor Arrondissement:
** Koulor
** Sinthiou Bocar Ali
# Masashi Kamekawa

Masashi Kamekawa (亀川 諒史, Kamekawa Masashi, born 28 May 1993) is a Japanese footballer who plays as a defender for J2 League club Renofa Yamaguchi.

## Career
### Shonan Bellmare

On 26 September 2011, Kamekawa was announced at Shonan Bellmare from the 2012 season. He struggled with injuries during the 2012 season.

### Loan to J.League U-22

On 24 February 2014, Kamekawa was registered as a member of the J.League U-22 team.

### Second spell at Avispa Fukuoka

On 30 December 2015, Kamekawa was announced at Avispa Fukuoka on a permanent deal.

### Kashiwa Reysol

On 6 January 2018, Kamekawa was announced at Kashiwa Reysol.

### V-Varen Nagasaki

On 4 January 2019, Kamekawa was announced at V-Varen Nagasaki.

### Yokohama FC

On 27 December 2021, Kamekawa was announced at Yokohama FC. He made his league debut against V-Varen Nagasaki on 27 February 2022. Kamekawa scored his first league goal against Renofa Yamaguchi on 29 May 2022, scoring in the 89th minute.

### Third spell at Avispa Fukuoka

On 20 December 2022, Kamekawa was announced at Avispa Fukuoka. He made his league debut against Vissel Kobe on 18 February 2023. Kamekawa scored his first league goal against Consadole Sapporo on 10 August 2024, scoring in the 90th+6th minute.

### Renofa Yamaguchi

On 29 December 2024, Kamekawa was announced at Renofa Yamaguchi.

## International career

On 14 November 2013, Kamekawa was selected in the Japan U20 squad for a tour of Myanmar.
On 11 December 2013, Kamekawa was selected in the Japan U22 squad for the U-22 2013 Asian Cup.
In August 2016, Kamekawa was selected in the Japan U-23 national team at the 2016 Summer Olympics. At this tournament, he played 2 matches as a left back.

## Club statistics

    As of 27 May 2023.
| Club | Season | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J. League Cup | J. League Cup | AFC | AFC | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Shonan Bellmare | 2012 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Shonan Bellmare | 2013 | 20 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 0 | — | — | 27 | 1 |
| Shonan Bellmare | 2014 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 20 | 1 |
| Avispa Fukuoka | 2015 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 39 | 0 |
| Avispa Fukuoka | 2016 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | — | — | 31 | 0 |
| Avispa Fukuoka | 2017 | 42 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 44 | 0 |
| Kashiwa Reysol | 2018 | 22 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 31 | 1 |
| V-Varen Nagasaki | 2019 | 40 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 43 | 1 |
| V-Varen Nagasaki | 2020 | 28 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 28 | 1 |
| V-Varen Nagasaki | 2021 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 14 | 0 |
| Yokohama FC | 2022 | 35 | 2 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 35 | 2 |
| Avispa Fukuoka | 2023 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | 284 | 7 | 14 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 314 | 7 |
# Hygroamblystegium

Hygroamblystegium is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Amblystegiaceae.
The genus was first described by Loeske.
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Hygroamblystegium humile
* Hygroamblystegium tenax
* Hygroamblystegium varium
# Britons in Myanmar

Britons in Myanmar (historically Burma) had a significant impact due to over a century of colonialism.

## History
### Colonial era

Britons had significant confidence in their ability to maintain control over and change Burma. They believed that it could be guarded best within British India while still being able to maintain its own unique potential and culture, and that the potential of the country's geography and incoming migrants promised a bright commercial future. in the early 1930s, when the Saya San Rebellion took place, legal processes were kept in place to a significant extent despite the serious threat to the colonial state, emphasising the importance given to the civilising mission.
As time went on, increasing amounts of nonwhite participation in local administration forced Britons to band together to a greater extent, resulting in more acceptance toward Anglo-Indians. David Baillargeon has argued that British administration was also bolstered by other Western groups, as with the Burma Corporation that was founded by future American President Herbert Hoover.
In 1942, many Indians and Europeans were forced to flee Burma due to the Japanese invasion.
# A for Prayagraj

A for Prayagraj is a 2021 book by Indian writer Udbhav Agarwal. Udbhav is a PhD candidate at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, and previously completed his schooling at the Doon School and his undergraduate degree at the Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York. This is his first book, providing a biographical account of Prayagraj, formerly known as Allahabad, and its eventual name change.

## Summary

A for Prayagraj is part travelogue and part memoir, portraying various stories of the erstwhile Allahabad through the eyes of a former resident. The author, born and raised in the city revisits his childhood memories throughout the book. Over the span of 128 pages, he meets various people such as lawyers, theatre artists, and former and current residents to share with readers stories that have been lost to time. He describes how the city has transformed over the years. The book explores various subcultures in the city, along with its vices such as crime and street law. It also delves into other aspects, including education and unemployment. Throughout the book, we learn how one of India’s oldest cities, with a past both glorious and grim, is rapidly undergoing urbanization. From 'tent city' to the holy rivers, from crime to romance, the author covers every aspect of Prayagraj. This rapid change is, in the words of the author, rendering years of historical importance into 'a battleground of historical clichés.' Yet, as we find in the book, traces of the city’s glorious past still remain, both in its landscape and in the hearts and minds of its residents. This biography of Allahabad tells the modern story of an ancient city.

## Reception

Kinshuk Gupta of the Hindustan Times commented on the book, saying "Udbhav Agarwal’s precise detailing brings forth Allahabad-Prayagraj’s contradictions, its past slowly pushed to the corner by bustling malls even as its residents jostle hard to move out."
Alok Rai of India Today stated, "Allahabad might have changed its name, but a new book shows that the iconoclastic spirit of its youth remains resolute."
# Natallia Anufryienka

Natallia Anufryienka (born 11 June 1985) is a Belarusian basketball player who competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics.
# Corn Griffin

John Charles "Corn" Griffin (July 24, 1911 – January 9, 1973) was an American heavyweight boxer whose career lasted from 1930 to 1936 and included the memorable June 14, 1934 TKO loss to James J. Braddock, recreated for the 2005 film Cinderella Man.
A native of Florida, Griffin was born in Blountstown, a small community which is the county seat of Calhoun County. After winning his first fight, a 1930 bout with Charles "Ranger" Pond, he turned professional in 1931 with much promise, but was KO'd by Bob Godwin in 1933. The only in retrospect heavily publicized fight with Braddock in Madison Square Garden the following year was the highlight of his career and, as dramatized in Cinderella Man, had Russell Crowe (as Braddock) punching it out with Polish boxer Art Binkowski, portraying Griffin.
During his professional career he also served as a sparring partner for former world heavyweight boxing champion Primo Carnera and, following his final bout, a 1936 Fourth of July loss to Barney Brock, left the ring, working in a number of jobs and serving in the army during World War II.
After the war, Griffin became a police officer in Columbus, Georgia. According to the August 25, 1950 issue of the Panama City News-Herald, he didn't carry the traditional policeman's club "since his old one-two sledgehammer-like fists are as good as ever, but may be not as fast".
# Koumpentoum department

Koumpentoum department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal, located here, one of the four in the Tambacounda Region of east Senegal. It was created in 2008.
The department has two urban communes; Koumpentoum and Malem Niani.
The rest of the department is divided into two arrondissements, which are in turn divided into rural districts (communautés rurales):
* Bamba Thialène Arrondissement:
** Ndame
** Kahène
** Bamba Thialène
* Kouthiaba Wolof Arrondissement:
** Kouthia Gaydi
** Kouthiaba Wolof
** Pass Koto
** Payar
# Sredanci

Sredanci is a village in the Donji Andrijevci municipality of the Brod-Posavina County in Croatia.
In the 2011 census, it had a population of 322. The population tanked to 268 as of the 2021 census.
The village is the eponym for the Sredanci interchange of the A3 and A5 motorways, located to the southeast of the village.
# All That She Carried

All That She Carried: The Journey of Ashley's Sack, A Black Family Keepsake is a 2021 non-fiction book by historian Tiya Miles that discusses American slavery in the 19th century, specifically focusing on Ashley's sack to guide the narrative.
The book won awards including the 2021 National Book Award for Nonfiction, the 2022 Frederick Douglass Book Prize, and the 2022 Cundill History Prize.

## Narrative

Ashley's sack is a cloth sack that Rose, a slave in South Carolina, gave to her 9-year-old daughter Ashley when they were permanently separated upon being sold to different owners. The sack contained a tattered dress, a lock of Rose's hair, three handfuls of pecans, and symbolically, Rose's love. The sack was then passed down through generations of the family to Ashley's granddaughter Ruth. In 1921, Ruth embroidered the cloth with its provenance and the circumstances of Rose and Ashley's separation. Rose had moved from South Carolina to Philadelphia in 1921, as part of the Great Migration.
The sack was passed on to Ruth's daughter, who died in the 1980s. It was then lost for several years, until being rediscovered at a flea market in Nashville, Tennessee in 2007. The sack was displayed at Middleton Place (a former slave plantation in South Carolina, now a museum) and the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington DC, until 2021.
Miles investigated the history of Rose and Ashley and used research by anthropologist Mark Auslander to likely identify them as living on the estate of South Carolina slave owner Robert Martin. Martin's slaves were sold off after he died in 1852. Miles was unable to find any primary sources regarding the lives of Rose or Ashley, because of the lack of primary accounts of slavery from enslaved people. However, using the contents of the sack, accounts from other slaves in the area (such as Harriet Jacobs), and historical scholarship, she was able to paint a portrait of the mother and daughter.
Miles also delves into the historical and cultural significance of each item in the sack. For example, the tattered dress illustrates how enslaved women were prohibited from wearing certain fabrics, as enslavers feared that more extravagant clothing would entice white men. And the handful of pecans implied that Rose may have been a chef as pecans were a delicacy in the 19th century American South not readily available to slaves.

## Reception

Writing for The New York Times, Jennifer Szalai stated that the book delicately balances historical facts from the era with speculation about the lives of Rose and Ashley based on the contents of the sack, given the paucity of first-hand slave accounts from the era. Writing for The Guardian, Colin Grant stated that the work found a way to tell the story of the voiceless, using an ordinary object—a cotton sack—as a template "to thread an extraordinary tale through the generations."

## Awards

* National Book Award for Nonfiction, 2021
* Frederick Douglass Book Prize, 2022
* Cundill History Prize, 2022
* Ralph Waldo Emerson Award, 2022