# Kreis Hohensalza

Kreis Hohensalza ([ˌhoːənˈzalt͡sa]) was one of many Kreise (districts) in the northern administrative region of Bromberg, in the Prussian province of Posen from 1815 to 1919. Its capital was Hohensalza (Inowrocław).

## History

Kreis Hohensalza, known as Kreis Inowrazlaw until 1904, was a Kreis (district) in the northern administrative region of Bromberg, in the Prussian province of Posen. It was located within the Bromberg Government Region, first in the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815-1848, in personal union with Prussia) and then in the Prussian Province of Posen (1848-1919). On 18 January 1871 the Kreis, along with all of Prussia, became part of Germany. Kreis Hohensalza was part of the military command (German: Bezirkskommando) at Hohensalza (Inowrocław). The main regional court (German: Landgericht) was in Bromberg (Bydgoszcz), with a magistrate's court (German: Amtsgericht) in the capital city Hohensalza (Inowrocław).
On 1 July 1886 southern areas of the district were separated and became part of the new Kreis Strelno. The capital city, formerly known as Inowrazlaw, was renamed Hohensalza on 5 December 1904, and the county name also changed by default. In the course of the Greater Poland uprising in 1919, the southern part of the district came under Polish control, while the northern part with Argenau (Gniewkowo) remained under German control. Following the Treaty of Versailles in July 1919, Germany also ceded the northern part of the district to Poland between 17 January and 4 February 1920. The territory then became part of the Second Polish Republic.
During World War II, the territory of the former Kreis was annexed by Nazi Germany and Landkreis Hohensalza (Wartheland) was established, which existed from 1939 to 1945.

## Demographics

The district had a Polish majority population, with a significant German minority.
Ethnolinguistic structure of Kreis Hohensalza :
| Year | Population | German | German | Polish / Bilingual / Other | Polish / Bilingual / Other |
| 1905 | 74,716 | 27,035 | 36.2% | 47,681 | 63.8% |
| 1910 | 77,294 | 28,394 | 36.7% | 48,900 | 63.3% |

## Standesämter

Standesamt is the German name of the local/municipal civil registration offices which were established in October 1874 soon after the German Empire was formed. Births, marriages and deaths were recorded. Previously, only duplicate copies of church records were used. By 1905, Kreis Hohensalza had the following 15 offices for rural residents:
| Standesamt | Polish Name |
| Amsee | Janikowo |
| Argenau | Gniewkowo |
| Dziennitz | Dziennice |
| Gniewkowitz | Gniewkówiec |
| Groß Morin | Murzynno |
| Groß Wodek | Osiek Wielki |
| Hohensalza | Inowrocław |
| Lojewo | Łojewo |
| Lonzyn | Łążyn |
| Luisenfelde | Dąbrowa Biskupia |
| Ostwehr | Konary |
| Penchowo | Pęchowo |
| Roneck | Rojewo |
| Schadlowitz | Szadłowice |
| Schöngrund | Szpital |
Amsee district was created in 1887 from Hohensalza district. Dziennitz district was created in 1890 from Lojewo district, Ostwehr district was created from Lojewo and Luisenfelde districts, and Schöngrund district was created from Gross Morin and Luisenfelde districts. Roneck district was created in 1905 from Argenau and Gross Wodek districts. In addition, the following cities were separate districts for urban residents: Hohensalza, Argenau.

## List of communities

| Communities | Polish Name | Standesamt |
| Amsee | Janikowo | Amsee |
| Groß Koluda | Kołuda Wielka | Amsee |
| Klein Koluda | Kołuda Mała | Amsee |
| Michalinowo | Michalinowo | Amsee |
| Ostrowo | Ostrowo | Amsee |
| Schellstein | Sielec | Amsee |
| Sieczkowice | Sieczkowice | Amsee |
| Wengierce | Węgierce | Amsee |
| Wiesenfelde | Gebnia | Amsee |
| Bärenberg | Leśnictwo Niedźwiadki | Argenau |
| Bombolin | Bąbolin | Argenau |
| Buczkowo | Buczkowo | Argenau |
| Dombken | Dąblin | Argenau |
| Eichthal | | Argenau |
| Fahnenberg | Chorągiewka | Argenau |
| Großendorf | | Argenau |
| Jakobskrug | Suche Piaski | Argenau |
| Kunkel | Małe Jarki | Argenau |
| Lipie | Lipie | Argenau |
| Ludwigsruh | Chrząstowo | Argenau |
| Michalowo | Michałowo | Argenau |
| Ostrowo | Ostrowo | Argenau |
| Perkowo | Perkowo | Argenau |
| Ruhheide | | Argenau |
| Schirpitz Kolonie | Cierpiszewo | Argenau |
| Seedorf | Zajezierze | Argenau |
| Suchatowko [Polnisch] | Suchatówka Zajezierze | Argenau |
| Truszczysna | Truszczyzna | Argenau |
| Unterwalde | Podlesie | Argenau |
| Waldow | Perkowo Górne | Argenau |
| Wielowies | Wielowieś | Argenau |
| Wierschoslawitz | Wierzchosławice | Argenau |
| Zadrosch | | Argenau |
| Balzweiler | Balczewo | Dziennitz |
| Dziennitz | Dziennice | Dziennitz |
| Jaronty | Jaronty | Dziennitz |
| Komaszyce | Komaszyce | Dziennitz |
| Martinsau | Marcinkowo | Dziennitz |
| Plawinek | Pławinek | Dziennitz |
| Schönwiese | Niemojewo | Dziennitz |
| Trzask | Trzaski | Dziennitz |
| Turzany | Turzany | Dziennitz |
| Broniewo | Broniewo | Gniewkowitz |
| Dobrogoschütz | Dobrogościce | Gniewkowitz |
| Gniewkowitz | Gniewkówiec | Gniewkowitz |
| Groß Werdershausen | Bronimierz Wielki | Gniewkowitz |
| Güldenhof | Złotniki Kujawskie | Gniewkowitz |
| Jordanowo | Jordanowo | Gniewkowitz |
| Jordanowo Hauland | | Gniewkowitz |
| Kaisertreu | Dźwierzchno | Gniewkowitz |
| Klein Werdershausen | Bronimierz Mały | Gniewkowitz |
| Kobelniki | Kobelniki | Gniewkowitz |
| Krenzoly | Krężoły | Gniewkowitz |
| Leszcz | Leszcze | Gniewkowitz |
| Mierzwin | Mierzwin | Gniewkowitz |
| Milchhof | Karczówka | Gniewkowitz |
| Nischwitz | Niszczewice | Gniewkowitz |
| Rucewo | Rucewo | Gniewkowitz |
| Tannhofen | Tarkowo Górne | Gniewkowitz |
| Tannhofen [Hauland] | Tarkowo Dolne | Gniewkowitz |
| Tupadly | Tupadły | Gniewkowitz |
| Woydahl | Wojdal | Gniewkowitz |
| Alt Grabia | Stare Grabie | Groß Morin |
| Branno | Branno | Groß Morin |
| Dembiniek | Dębiniec | Groß Morin |
| Ernsthausen | Bystronowice Klepary | Groß Morin |
| Groß Morin | Murzynno | Groß Morin |
| Kawentschin | Kawęczyn | Groß Morin |
| Kijewo | Kijewo | Groß Morin |
| Klein Morin | Murzynko | Groß Morin |
| Klein Opok | Opoczki | Groß Morin |
| Klepary | Klepary | Groß Morin |
| Kopcowko | | Groß Morin |
| Markowo | Markowo | Groß Morin |
| Neudorf | Żyrosławice | Groß Morin |
| Osniszewko | Ośniszczewko | Groß Morin |
| Osniszewo | Ośniszczewo | Groß Morin |
| Reichsmark | Gęzewo | Groß Morin |
| Warin | Warzyn | Groß Morin |
| Wierzbiczany | Wierzbiczany | Groß Morin |
| Wygoda | | Groß Morin |
| Altendorf | Stara Wieś | Groß Wodek |
| Bismarckstreu | Glinki | Groß Wodek |
| Erika | Magdaleniec | Groß Wodek |
| Getau [Forsthaus] | Gajtowo | Groß Wodek |
| Grätz [Forsthaus] | Grodzyna | Groß Wodek |
| Groß Wodek | Osiek Wielki | Groß Wodek |
| Grünfließ | Leśnictwo Zielona | Groß Wodek |
| Grünkirch | Rojewice | Groß Wodek |
| Grüntal | Glinno Wielkie | Groß Wodek |
| Grünweiler | Zawiszyn | Groß Wodek |
| Jarken | Jarki | Groß Wodek |
| Jesuiterbruch | Jezuicka Struga | Groß Wodek |
| Kienberg | Chojnaty | Groß Wodek |
| Klein Wodek | Osieczek | Groß Wodek |
| Steinfurt | Bród Kamienny | Groß Wodek |
| Waldeshausen | Jurek | Groß Wodek |
| Weißenberg | | Groß Wodek |
| Wodek | Osiek | Groß Wodek |
| Wodek [Forsthaus] | Jarzębiec | Groß Wodek |
| Balino | Balin | Hohensalza |
| Batkowo | Batkowo | Hohensalza |
| Cieslin | Cieślin | Hohensalza |
| Daheim | Dalkowo | Hohensalza |
| Dziarnowo | Dziarnowo | Hohensalza |
| Friedrichsfelde | Marulewy | Hohensalza |
| Gnoyno | Gnojno | Hohensalza |
| Gorschen | Gorzany | Hohensalza |
| Jazewo | Jacewo | Hohensalza |
| Königgrätz | Miechowiczki | Hohensalza |
| Koscielec | Kościelec | Hohensalza |
| Kruschlewitz | Kruśliwiec | Hohensalza |
| Leschütz | Leszczyce | Hohensalza |
| Milchhöfen | Miechowice | Hohensalza |
| Mimowola | Mimowola | Hohensalza |
| Montwy | Mątwy | Hohensalza |
| Olschewitz | Olszewice | Hohensalza |
| Orlowo | Orłowo | Hohensalza |
| Popowitz | Popowice | Hohensalza |
| Radlowek | Radłówek | Hohensalza |
| Ritschersewko | Rycerzewko | Hohensalza |
| Rombino | Rąbin | Hohensalza |
| Rübenau | Kłopot | Hohensalza |
| Rycerzewo | Rycerzewo | Hohensalza |
| Slabencin | Sławęcin | Hohensalza |
| Slabencinek | Sławęcinek | Hohensalza |
| Soykowo | Sójkowo | Hohensalza |
| Szymborze | Szymborze | Hohensalza |
| Thomaberg | Mikorzyn | Hohensalza |
| Dulsk | Dulsk | Lojewo |
| Gora | Góra | Lojewo |
| Karczyn | Karczyn | Lojewo |
| Königswerder | | Lojewo |
| Lojewo | Łojewo | Lojewo |
| Lonkocin | Łąkocin | Lojewo |
| Scharley | Szarlej | Lojewo |
| Scharley gaj | Arturowo | Lojewo |
| Scharley Ostrow | Ostrowo Krzyckie | Lojewo |
| Sikorowo | Sikorowo | Lojewo |
| Witowy | Witowy | Lojewo |
| Borkowo | Borkowo | Lonzyn |
| Budziaki | Budziaki | Lonzyn |
| Helenowo | Helenowo | Lonzyn |
| Jakschitz | Jaksice | Lonzyn |
| Klein Jakschitz | Jaksiczki | Lonzyn |
| Lischkowo | Liszkowo | Lonzyn |
| Lischkowo wola | Wola Liszkowska | Lonzyn |
| Lonzyn | Łążyn | Lonzyn |
| Oporowek | Oporówek | Lonzyn |
| Plawin | Pławin | Lonzyn |
| Podgaj | Podgaj | Lonzyn |
| Popowitzki | Popowiczki | Lonzyn |
| Römershof | Łącko | Lonzyn |
| Strzemkowo | Strzemkowo | Lonzyn |
| Tuczno | Tuczno | Lonzyn |
| Wibrannowo | Wybranowo | Lonzyn |
| Bonkowo | Bądkowo | Luisenfelde |
| Brudnia | Brudnia | Luisenfelde |
| Chrostowo | Chróstowo | Luisenfelde |
| Elsenheim | Wilkostowo | Luisenfelde |
| Groß Opok | Opoki | Luisenfelde |
| Kleinwiese | Chlewiska | Luisenfelde |
| Luisenfelde | Dąbrowa Biskupia | Luisenfelde |
| Neuhof | Nowy Dwór | Luisenfelde |
| Przybyslaw | Przybysław | Luisenfelde |
| Reinau | Rejna | Luisenfelde |
| Schönau | Wola Stanomińska | Luisenfelde |
| Standau | Stanomin | Luisenfelde |
| Treumark | Mleczkowo | Luisenfelde |
| Walentinowo | Walentynowo | Luisenfelde |
| Zduny | Zduny | Luisenfelde |
| Dziewa | Dziewa | Ostwehr |
| Freitagsheim | Pieranie | Ostwehr |
| Gloykowo | Głojkowo | Ostwehr |
| Ostwehr | Konary | Ostwehr |
| Pieczysk | Pieczyska | Ostwehr |
| Radewitz | Radojewice | Ostwehr |
| Sobiesiernie | Sobiesiernie | Ostwehr |
| Bendzitowko | Będzitówek | Penchowo |
| Bendzitowo | Będzitowo | Penchowo |
| Brühlsdorf (Adlig) | Prądocin [Szlacheckie] | Penchowo |
| Dombrowken | Dąbrówka Kujawska | Penchowo |
| Friedrichskron | Krążkowo | Penchowo |
| Ignacewo | Ignacewo | Penchowo |
| Jakobsdorf | Jakubowo | Penchowo |
| Johannisthal | Januszkowo | Penchowo |
| Julianowo | Julianowo | Penchowo |
| Karolinenhain | | Penchowo |
| Liebensee | Lisewo Kościelne | Penchowo |
| Lissewko | Lisewek | Penchowo |
| Minutsdorf | Dziemionna | Penchowo |
| Mochellek | Mochelek | Penchowo |
| Mochellek Hauland | | Penchowo |
| Netzfeld | Kolankowo | Penchowo |
| Palczyn | Palczyn | Penchowo |
| Penchowo | Pęchowo | Penchowo |
| Rucewko | Rucewko | Penchowo |
| Bergbruch | Liszkowice | Roneck |
| Czyste | Czyste | Roneck |
| Johannisdorf | Leśnianki | Roneck |
| Kaczkowo | Kaczkowo | Roneck |
| Kempa | Kępa Kujawska | Roneck |
| Lukaschewo | Łukaszewo | Roneck |
| Neulinden | Jurańcice | Roneck |
| Oberwalde | Godzięba | Roneck |
| Plonkhöfen | Płonkówko | Roneck |
| Plonkowo | Płonkowo | Roneck |
| Roneck | Rojewo | Roneck |
| Sanddorf | Jaszczołtowo | Roneck |
| Sciborze | Ściborze | Roneck |
| Topola | Topola | Roneck |
| Waldesruh | Dąbie | Roneck |
| Zelechlin | Żelechlin | Roneck |
| Dobieslawitz | Dobiesławice | Schadlowitz |
| Edwinshof | Edwinowo | Schadlowitz |
| Latkowo | Latkowo | Schadlowitz |
| Mierogoniewtiz | Mierogonowice | Schadlowitz |
| Schadlowitz | Szadłowice | Schadlowitz |
| Skalmierowitz | Skalmierowice | Schadlowitz |
| Slonsk | Słońsko | Schadlowitz |
| Wienslawitz | Więcławice | Schadlowitz |
| Deutschwalde | Modliborzyce | Schöngrund |
| Eigenheim | Lipionka | Schöngrund |
| Forbach | Zagajewiczki | Schöngrund |
| Gonsk | Gąski | Schöngrund |
| Ostburg | Wonorze | Schöngrund |
| Parchanie | Parchanie | Schöngrund |
| Parzellen | Parchanki | Schöngrund |
| Schöngrund | Szpital | Schöngrund |
| Szrubsk | Śrubsk | Schöngrund |
| Zagajewitz | Zagajewice | Schöngrund |