OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# USS Adirondack

USS Adirondack may refer to the following ships of the United States Navy:
* USS Adirondack (1862), was a gunboat during the American Civil War that sank off the Bahamas
* USS Adirondack (YT-44), was an iron-hulled screw tugboat originally known as Underwriter.
* USS Adirondack (ID-1270), was commissioned into the Navy in 1917 and used as a floating barracks until 1919.
* USS Adirondack (AGC-15), was an amphibious force flagship in service from 1945 to 1955.
# Graham Liptrot

Graham Liptrot (born 8 July 1955), also known by the nickname of "Lippy", is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for St. Helens, as a hooker.

## Playing career
### International honours

Graham Liptrot won caps for England while at St. Helens in 1979 against Wales, and France.

### Challenge Cup Final appearances

Graham Liptrot played hooker in St. Helens' 18-19 defeat by Halifax in the 1987 Challenge Cup Final during the 1986–87 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 2 May 1987.

### County Cup Final appearances

Graham Liptrot played hooker in St. Helens 0-16 defeat by Warrington in the 1982 Lancashire Cup Final during the 1982–83 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 23 October 1982, and played hooker in the 28-16 victory over Wigan in the 1984 Lancashire Cup Final during the 1984–85 season at Central Park, Wigan on Sunday 28 October 1984.

### BBC2 Floodlit Trophy Final appearances

Graham Liptrot played hooker in St. Helens' 11-26 defeat by Hull Kingston Rovers in the 1977 BBC2 Floodlit Trophy Final during the 1977–78 season at Craven Park, Kingston upon Hull on Tuesday 13 December 1977, and played hooker in the 7-13 defeat by Widnes in the 1978 BBC2 Floodlit Trophy Final during the 1978–79 season at Knowsley Road, St. Helens on Tuesday 12 December 1978.

### BBC2 Floodlit Trophy Final appearances

Graham Liptrot's testimonial match for St. Helens took place against Mansfield Marksman at Knowsley Road, St Helens, Merseyside on Sunday 19 August 1984.
# Green Bottom Wildlife Management Area

Green Bottom Wildlife Management Area is located on former plantation lands of U.S. Congressman and Confederate General Albert G. Jenkins. The 1,096 acres (444 ha) in Cabell County and Mason County are located along the banks of the Ohio River about 16 miles (26 km) north of Huntington, West Virginia. The Green Bottom WMA land is a mixture of farmland, mixed hardwood forest, wetlands, and open water. The Jenkins Plantation Museum is located on Corps of Engineers land adjacent to the WMA. The museum is located in the original 1835 Green Bottom Plantation House, and is operated by the West Virginia Division of Culture and History.

## Hunting and fishing

Fishing opportunities abound at Green Bottom from in the wetlands, along the banks of the Ohio River, and from boats using the local boat ramp. Popular game fish in the Ohio River include smallmouth bass, sauger, channel catfish, hybrid striped bass, carp, crappie, and freshwater drum. The state record bowfin fish was caught at Green Bottom.
Available hunting can include deer, rabbit, mourning dove, squirrel, and waterfowl. Deer hunting is permitted only with muzzle loading rifles or archery bows. Camping is not permitted in the WMA.

## Wildlife watching

Green Bottom WMA is also a popular location for watching wildlife. Over 100 species of birds are regularly seen each year along the river bottom. More than 30 mammals, as well as several amphibians and reptiles, are available for viewing. Structures such as nesting boxes and man-made islands have been built to improve the habitats for species ranging from the Jefferson salamander to the gray fox. The Green Bottom Nature Trail and boardwalk provides easier access to the wetlands and forest lands of the WMA.
# Jack Robertson (English cricketer)

John David Benbow Robertson (22 February 1917 – 12 October 1996) was an English cricketer, who played county cricket for Middlesex, and in 11 Test matches for England.
A right-handed opening batsman of consistency and class, Jack Robertson was a heavy scorer in county cricket who averaged 46 runs per innings in Tests. Yet he played only eleven times for England, was dropped after making a century in 1949, and was never selected to face Australia.
Born in Chiswick, London, England, it was Robertson's misfortune to be overshadowed by others, both in his international and county cricket career. He came to prominence in wartime cricket for the Army when he scored 102 in July 1942 against the Royal Navy. For the first half dozen years of cricket after World War II, England's preferred opening partnership was the trans-Pennine combination of Leonard Hutton and Cyril Washbrook; Robertson's selection for the first Test of 1949 against New Zealand was the result of injury to Washbrook and, despite scoring 121 and sharing a partnership of 143 with Hutton, he lost his place.
For Middlesex, Robertson often seemed similarly overshadowed by the batting of Denis Compton and Bill Edrich. Yet in the summer of 1947, when Compton's 3,816 runs and Edrich's 3,539 set new records for run-getting, Robertson was not far behind, making 2,760 runs with 12 centuries. He surpassed that in 1951 with 2,917 runs, the highest aggregate of any batsman that season. He could also bat as entertainingly as his better-known county colleagues. In 1949, he made an undefeated 331 in a day against Worcestershire at New Road, Worcester, an innings that remains the highest scored in first-class cricket by a Middlesex batsman, and the highest first-class innings by any batsman at New Road.
Robertson passed 1,000 runs in a season every year from 1946 until 1958 but, failing to find any form in 1959, he retired and became county coach.
He was one of the five Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 1948.
He died in October 1996, in Bury St Edmunds after years of ill-health, at the age of 79, and leaving a widow, Joyce, and a son.
# Bovichtus variegatus

Bovichtus variegatus, the thornfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bovichtidae, the temperate icefishes or thornfishes. It is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

Bovichtus variegatus was first formally described in 1846 by the Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and Arctic explorer Sir John Richardson with the type locality given as Port Jackson in New South Wales, probably erroneously because this species has not been recorded in Australia since. The specific name variegatus means "variable" and was given to emphasise how the markings of this fish differ from those of B. diacanthus.

## Description

Bovichtus variegatus has a body which is completely lacking scales with a broad, flattened head. They have large, upward pointing eyes and a broad mouth. They have a robust upward and backwards pointing spine on each gill cover to the rear of the eyes. There is a double dorsal fin, the first one is short and spiny, the number of spines being between 7 and 9, although 8 is most frequent count, while the second dorsal fin contains 18-20 soft rays. The anal fin contains13-15 soft rays. The rays of the pelvic, pectoral and anal fins are robust and the fishes use them as props when resting on a substrate. The colour of the fins and the body is variable and they may be mottled with red, green, orange, pink and white patches on a background colour which varies from olive brown to silvery red. This species grows to 15 to 25 cm (5.9 to 9.8 in) in length.

## Distribution and habitat

Bovichtus variegatus is endemic to New Zealand where it is found from the southern coasts of the North Island with its northern limits at New Plymouth on the west coast and Tokomaru Bay on the east coast south to the Auckland Islands. Thornfishes are common in tidal pools and on rocky reefs in shallow waters, particularly in the more southerly parts of its range. It has been recorded no deeper than 9 m (30 ft).

## Biology

Bovichtus variegatus is a predatory species, preying on crustaceans and worms. Its mottled colour pattern appears to be a very effective camouflage in its tidal pool habitat.
# Kacharasahi

Kacharasahi is a village in Jajpur district in the Indian state of Odisha.
# HBF

HBF may refer to:
* HBF (insurer), an Australian health insurance fund
* Perth Rectangular Stadium, in Perth, Western Australia known for sponsorships reasons as HBF Park
* Hauptbahnhof (Hbf), German for central railway station
* Hemoglobin F (HbF), or fetal hemoglobin
* Human Betterment Foundation, a eugenics organization established in 1928 by E.S. Gosney
* Hepatitis B Foundation, biomedical research foundation
* Home Builders Federation, a trade association
# Handley Wildlife Management Area

Handley Wildlife Management Area is located on 784 acres (317 ha) northwest of Marlinton in Pocahontas County, West Virginia. It is near the headwaters of the Williams River in the Monongahela National Forest.
# Place d'Acadie

The Place d’Acadie is a public square in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, dedicated on 8 March 1984 by the mayor of Paris, Jacques Chirac, and by the president of an association called "Les Amitiés Acadiennes", Philippe Rossillon. It is located near the Mabillon metro station, where the Boulevard Saint-Germain intersects the Rue du Four and the Rue de Buci.
The square takes its name from the old French North-American territory of Acadia that was once part of New France. Acadia existed in what is now called New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, provinces of Canada that are, today, home to a large number of francophone Canadians. Acadia is represented, in international forums on the French-speaking world's culture (francophonie), by the Province of New Brunswick.
Dedication of this square in Paris was meant to mark the hundredth anniversary of the Acadian flag in 1884 in connection with the second National Acadian Convention. It was also the 380th anniversary of the first French outpost in Acadia in 1604.
The Place d’Acadie is located only about a hundred metres from another place celebrating French culture in North America, the Place du Québec.

## Metro station

The Place d'Acadie is:
| ___ | Located near the Métro station: Mabillon. |
It is served by line 10.
# Tom Broster

Tom Broster (6 October 1878 – 19 May 1942) was a Cape Colony cricketer. He played in two first-class matches for Border in 1902/03.
# Boutilimit

Boutilimit (Arabic: بوتلميت) lies 164 km southeast of Mauritania's capital of Nouakchott.
The estimated population in 2013 was 26,926.
The town is also well known in the region for its production of handicraft items, particularly rugs made from camel or goat hair, as well as silver crafts.

## Notable people

Notable people from the town include Moktar Ould Daddah, the nation's first President following independence from France, the writers Aïchetou Mint Ahmedou and Moussa Ould Ebnou, the deputy L’Malouma Said, and the journalist Naha Mint Seyyidi.
Mohammad Al-Hasan Al-Dido was born in Boutilimit, he is a Mauritanian Muslim scholar, author, writer, and poet.

## Climate

Climate data for Boutilimit :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.9 (85.8) | 32.7 (90.9) | 35.7 (96.3) | 37.8 (100.0) | 40.6 (105.1) | 40.7 (105.3) | 37.5 (99.5) | 35.9 (96.6) | 36.6 (97.9) | 37.5 (99.5) | 35.1 (95.2) | 30.1 (86.2) | 35.8 (96.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 21.8 (71.2) | 25.4 (77.7) | 27.7 (81.9) | 29.7 (85.5) | 33.0 (91.4) | 33.1 (91.6) | 29.9 (85.8) | 30.5 (86.9) | 31.0 (87.8) | 32.2 (90.0) | 26.9 (80.4) | 23.0 (73.4) | 28.7 (83.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.4 (59.7) | 17.0 (62.6) | 18.7 (65.7) | 20.3 (68.5) | 22.8 (73.0) | 24.0 (75.2) | 23.9 (75.0) | 24.0 (75.2) | 24.3 (75.7) | 23.4 (74.1) | 20.4 (68.7) | 16.0 (60.8) | 20.9 (69.5) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1 (0.0) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 3 (0.1) | 5 (0.2) | 32 (1.3) | 64 (2.5) | 46 (1.8) | 15 (0.6) | 3 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 173 (6.8) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 29 | 28 | 28 | 30 | 34 | 46 | 64 | 70 | 75 | 45 | 34 | 33 | 43 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 8.7 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 10.8 | 10.5 | 10.0 | 9.8 | 9.0 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 8.1 | 9.4 |
| Source: Arab Meteorology Book ||||||||||||||
# Truncation selection

Truncation selection is a selection method in selective breeding and in evolutionary algorithms from computer science, which selects the a certain share of fittest individuals from a population for reproduction in the next generation.

## Animal and plant breeding

In animal and plant breeding, truncation selection is a standard method. Animals are ranked by their phenotypic value on some trait such as milk production, and the top percentage is reproduced. The effects of truncation selection for a continuous trait can be modeled by the standard breeder's equation by using heritability and truncated normal distributions. On a binary trait, it can be modeled easily using the liability threshold model. It is considered an easy and efficient method of breeding.

## Computer science

In computer science, truncation selection is a selection method used in evolutionary algorithms to select potential candidate solutions for recombination modeled after the breeding method. In truncation selection the candidate solutions are ordered by fitness, and some proportion T% of the top fittest individuals are selected and reproduced randomly. It is used in Muhlenbein's breeder genetic algorithm.
# Jack Kenny (rugby league)

John Kenny (26 October 1907 – November 1994) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for Leigh (two spells), and Swinton, as a wing.

## Background

John Kenny was born in Pendlebury, Lancashire, England, and he died aged 87. John had 5 children, the oldest of which being John Kenny Junior, born December 1932, and Peter Kenny, who went on to play for Swinton Lions.

## Playing career
### County Cup Final appearances

Kenny played left wing in Swinton's 8-10 defeat by Salford in the 1931 Lancashire Cup Final during the 1931–32 season at The Cliff, Broughton, Salford on Saturday 21 November 1931.

### International honours

Kenny won a cap for England while at Swinton in 1936 against Wales.
# Hidden Valley Wildlife Management Area

Hidden Valley Wildlife Management Area is a 6,400-acre (26 km$^2$) Wildlife Management Area in Washington County, Virginia, along its border with Russell County. The area is typified by mountainous mature hardwood forests that have regenerated on land logged in the early twentieth century; a number of small openings which are also maintained as habitat for local wildlife. Its elevation ranges from 2,000 to 4,000 feet (610 to 1,220 m) above sea level. At the head of the valley is the 60-acre (24 ha) Hidden Valley Lake, which serves as the source of Brumley Creek.
Hidden Valley Wildlife Management Area is owned and maintained by the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries. The area is open to the public for hunting, trapping, fishing, hiking, horseback riding, boating, and primitive camping. The game species available include deer, bear, turkey, waterfowl, squirrel, raccoon, bobcat and grouse. The deer are few and far between but mature bucks can be found especially during the rut. Bear are abundant along with bobcats and other furbearers. Turkey and squirrel hunting are very poor but the area boasts a large grouse population. Dogs will have little trouble finding birds, they are easiest to find holding tight to rhododendron patches. Fishing opportunities include small and largemouth bass, walleye, pike and panfish. Small trout can be caught as well in the creek below the dam. The lake is very clear and the best fishing is with live crawfish caught in the creek. A boat launch is available on the north side of Hidden Valley Lake. Access for persons 17 years of age or older requires a valid hunting or fishing permit, a current Virginia boat registration, or a WMA access permit.
# Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani

Abū Bakr, ‘Abd al-Qāhir ibn ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad al-Jurjānī (1009 – 1078 or 1081 AD [400 – 471 or 474 A.H.]); nicknamed "Al-Naḥawī" (the grammarian), he was a renowned Persian grammarian of the Arabic language, literary theorist of the Muslim Shafi'i, and a follower of al-Ash'ari. He wrote several celebrated works on grammar and rhetoric, among these are Mi,ut Ạmil and Al-Jumal - introductions to Arabic syntax - and a commentary titled Al-Mughnī in three volumes.
Al-Jurjānī is said to have never left his native town of Gorgan, Iran, yet his reputation in the twin sciences of ilm al balaghah (eloquence and rhetorical art) and ilm al bayan (a branch of Arabic rhetoric dealing with metaphorical language), reached many Arabic scholars who travelled to see him. His two books on these subjects, Asrār al-Balāghah (Secrets of Rhetoric), and Dalāʾīl al-ʿIjāz fi-l-Qurʾān (Arguments of the Miraculous Inimitability of the Quran) show influences of al-Jurjānī's predecessors, the grammarian Sibawayh, the critic Abi Helal al-'Askari al Balaghi, and the linguist and literary theorist Abu Ali al-Farisi, the author of al-Idah (Elucidation). Ali al-Farisi's nephew, Abi al-Hussein Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn Abd al-Wareth al-Faressi al-Nawawi, was al-Jurjānī's teacher, under whom he studied the al-Idah, and on which he wrote a thirty-volume work of commentary entitled al Maghna fi Sharh al-Idah .

## Critical opinions

   "The Swiss linguist Saussure's theory of deconstruction is preceded by Abd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī’s theory of deconstruction."
   "There is a similarity between these (al-Jurjānī and Noam Chomsky) two men."

## Publications

* Asrār al-Balāghah (The Secrets of Elucidation)
* Al-Awāmil al-Mi’ah (The Hundred Elements) - A short text on 100 modifiers, or particles, in Arabic and their different uses with examples.
* Dalā’il al-Iʿjaz (Intimations of Inimitability)
* Iʿjaz al-Qur’ān (The inimitability of the Qur'an)
* Al-Jumal (Sentences)
* Kitab ʿArūd (Poetic Structure)
* Al-Maghna fī Sharḥ al-Idah’, thirty volumes
* Al-Miftāḥ (The Key)
* Muʿjam al-taʿrifāt (Compendium of Definitions)
* Al-Muqtasad, a short version of Al Maghna.
* Sharḥ al-Fātiḥa fī Mujallad (Explaining Al-Fatiha in a Volume)
* Al-Talkhiss bi Sharḥihi (The Brief of Sentence Elucidation)
* Al-'Umhad fī al-Taṣrīf (The Basis of Morphology)
* An anthology collection on the works of Abi-tammam, al-Buh'turi, and al-Mutannabī.
# Cetinje shooting

Cetinje shooting may refer to:
* 2022 Cetinje shooting, which occurred in Cetinje in August 2022
* 2025 Cetinje shootings, which occurred in Cetinje in January 2025
# Jay Malla

Jay Malla, also known as Joy Malla & Jai Malla, was the son of Adi Malla, the founder of the Mallabhum (Malla Dynasty).

## History

According to Chanda (2004), Adi Malla ruled at the palace for sixteen years, from 694 CE. to 710 CE. After his death, his son Jay Malla became king.
Jay Malla was also famous for his bravery and military skill, that was supposedly similar to that of his father.
# Ted Platt

Edward Platt (26 March 1921 – 20 September 1996) was an English professional footballer. He played 100 games in the Football League as a goalkeeper for Arsenal, Portsmouth and Aldershot.

## Career

Platt, who had previously been with Bath City, joined Arsenal when 17 years of age in January 1939 from Southern League club Colchester United for whom he was a reserve goalkeeper and played in their Eastern Counties League team. He made his Arsenal first team debut in November 1946 and made a total of 53 appearances for the club in the Football League. Arsenal won England's top league, the First Division, in 1952-53 but, sharing goalkeeper duties with George Swindin and Jack Kelsey, Platt made only three league appearances in the championship winning team and left the club at the end of the season.
In July 1953 Platt joined Portsmouth, also of the First Division, where he remained for two seasons. After the 1954–55 season he was made available for transfer and subsequently signed with Aldershot. After playing in 16 of Aldershot's 18 initial Third Division South league matches of the 1955–56 season Platt was suspended by the club and at his own request was placed on the club's transfer list.
Within ten days, in November 1955, Platt joined Southern Football club Worcester City, staying with the club until the end of the following 1956–57 campaign. He signed with Ashford Town of the Kent League in the summer of 1957 and played with them for one season.
# Edayappuram

Edayappuram is a small village in Aluva Taluk, Ernakulam district in the Indian state of Kerala and located at a distance of 3 km from Aluva town and 16 km from Perumbavoor.

## Transportation

Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) and some of the private buses operates regular services through this area.

## Geography

Edayappuram is surrounded by green foliage and paddy fields. Fertile land of Edayappuram is suitable for all crops include rice, rubber, and coconut. Proximity of Periyar River, the lifeline of Kerala makes this land fertile.

## Demographics

At the 2001 census, Edayappuram had a population of 28,607. The majority of people living in Edayappuram are Muslim and Hindus although there is also a Christian minority population living there too.

## Important Places

Erumathal L P School, KMC English Medium High School, SNDP Library, Akshaya E Centre Edayappuram, Keezhmad Service Co Operative Society, Edayappuram Health Centre, Kolattukavu Bhagavathi Temple, Edayappuram Jumua Masjid.
# Bandy at the 1952 Winter Olympics

Bandy was held as a demonstration sport at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo. A men's program was included but not a women's program.
Sweden, Norway and Finland participated with their best players and won one match each. All three teams also lost a match apiece. Sweden won the tournament thanks to the best goal difference, with Norway second and Finland third. The three participating countries regularly played friendlies, but this was the first official international bandy tournament since 1913.
Though bandy was played in the Soviet Union, they did not partake in the event because they did not compete in any international bandy competitions at that point. While agreements had previously been made to play friendlies against Sweden in the late 1940s, the plans did not come to fruition.
The Olympic bandy games were noticed by the sport's leaders from the Soviet Union, who invited the three Nordic countries to a friendly four-nation bandy tournament in 1954. The first men's Bandy World Championships were not held until five years later, in 1957.

## Medalists

| Gold: | Silver: | Bronze: |
| Sweden Yngve Palmqvist Orvar Bergmark Herbert Swartswee Karl-Erik Sjöberg Olle Lindgren Sven-Olof Landar Inge Cahlman Martin Johansson Olle Sääv Sven-Eric Broberg Ernst Hård Agard Magnusson Tore Olsson Henry Olsson | Norway Bosse Halla Leif Eriksen David Eriksen Arne Bakker Tore Frisholm Rolf Person Arne Johansen Einar Andersen Martin Olsen Cato Helgerud Gunnar Fossum Ole Marthinsen | Finland Herbert Lundström Juhani Halme Yrjö Jussila Arvo Raitavuo Per-Erik Lindqvist Martti Nyyssönen Olof Stolpe Kauko Tukiainen Erik Åberg Heikki Ollikainen Sakari Salo Pentti Immonen Pentti Hämäläinen |

## Results

1952 Winter Olympics (Men's bandy) :
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Sweden | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | +3 | 2 |
| 2 | Norway | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Finland | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 6 | −3 | 2 |

## Final rankings

* Sweden
* Norway
* Finland
# William Haworth (priest)

William Haworth (1880 - 1960) was Dean of Glasgow and Galloway from 1946 to 1959.
He was born on 30 March 1880, educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; and ordained deacon in 1903, and priest in 1904. After curacies in Tynemouth and Elswick he was priest in charge of Bridge of Weir. He was the Rector of St George, Glasgow from 1920 until 1943; and then Largs from 1944 until 1959.
He died on 13 February 1960.
# Dolichogenidea

Dolichogenidea is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae. There are more than 360 described species in Dolichogenidea, found throughout the world.