OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Powerlifting at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's 44 kg

The women's 44 kg powerlifting event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was contested on 9 September at the Beihang University Gymnasium in Beijing, China. This event was the second-lightest of the women's powerlifting weight classes, limiting competitors to a maximum of 44 kilograms (97.0 lb) of body mass.
As with all Paralympic powerlifting events, lifters competed in the bench press. Each athlete was allowed three attempts to bench press as much weight as possible. Athletes attempting to break a record were allowed a fourth attempt. For the attempt to be valid, the competitor must have lowered the weighted bar to her chest, held it motionless for a moment, then pressed the bar upwards until her arms were fully extended. If the competitor failed to meet these requirements or any other rule infraction was committed, the attempt was declared invalid by a team of three referees and the result struck from the record.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Body weight (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Result (kg) |
| Rank | Name | Body weight (kg) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Result (kg) |
| | Xiao Cuijuan (CHN) | 43.73 | 95.0 | 100.0 | 102.5 | – | 100.0 |
| | Justyna Kozdryk (POL) | 42.41 | 90.0 | 92.5 | 95.0 | – | 92.5 |
| | Zeinab Sayed Oteify (EGY) | 42.76 | 87.5 | 92.5 | 95.0 | – | 92.5 |
| 4 | Rayisa Toporkova (UKR) | 43.35 | 80.0 | 85.0 | 95.0 | – | 85.0 |
| 5 | Maria Oliveira (BRA) | 42.18 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 82.5 | – | 82.5 |
| 6 | Phikul Chareonying (THA) | 43.44 | 75.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | – | 75.0 |
| – | Nairobys Hernandez (VEN) | 43.26 | 85.0 | 85.0 | 85.0 | – | NMR |
| – | Nephtalie Jean Louis (HAI) | – | – | – | – | – | DNS |
Key: NMR=No marks recorded; DNS=Did not start
# Albert Sleeper

Albert Edson Sleeper (December 31, 1862 – May 13, 1934) was an American politician who served as the 29th governor of Michigan from 1917 to 1921.

## Biography

Sleeper was born on December 31, 1862, in Bradford, Vermont and was educated at the Bradford Academy.
In 1884, he moved to Lexington, Michigan, where he was a successful businessman owning several banks and extensive real estate. Sleeper also worked in mercantile industries. In 1901, he married Mary C. Moore.
Sleeper served in the Michigan State Senate, 1901–1904. The following year, he became a member of the Republican State Committee until 1907. Then he served as State Treasurer of Michigan from 1909 to 1913 under Governors, Fred M. Warner and Chase Osborn.
Sleeper was elected Governor of Michigan by a popular vote on November 7, 1916, defeating Democrat Edwin F. Sweet. He was re-elected to a second term in 1918. He served during most of World War I and started measures to supply men, provisions, and arms for the war effort. Also during his four years in office, a department of animal husbandry, a department of labor, and a public utilities commission were established. A county road system was advanced, a permanent state police department was founded, and the first driver's license was issued. Sleeper signed the State Parks Act creating the State Park system and an epidemic of the Spanish influenza was dealt with. On April 19, 1917, Governor Sleeper created the Michigan State Troops Permanent Force (Michigan State Police).
In 1928, Sleeper served as a presidential elector for Michigan to elect Herbert Hoover as U.S. president. He died on May 13, 1934, in Lexington, Michigan, at the age of seventy-one and is interred at Lexington Municipal Cemetery.

## Legacy

In 1944, Huron State Park in Caseville, Michigan, was renamed Albert E. Sleeper State Park. The public library in Ubly, Michigan, is also named after Sleeper.
# Abel Yalew

Abel Yalew Tilahun (Amharic: አቤል ያለው; born 23 March 1996) is an Ethiopian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Egyptian Premier League club ZED and the Ethiopia national team.

## International career

Yalew made his international debut with the Ethiopia national team in a 3–0 win over South Sudan in the 2017 CECAFA Cup on 5 December 2017.
# Pawan Express

The 11061/11062 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Mumbai–Jaynagar railway station Pawan Express is an Express train belonging to Central Railway zone that runs between Lokmanya Tilak Terminus, Mumbai & Jaynagar, Madhubani, Jaynagar Bihar in India.
It operates as train number 11061 from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus to Jaynagar railway station and as train number 11062 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar .

## History

The 11065/66 ran as Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Muzaffarpur Pawan Express and shared rake with Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Darbhanga Pawan Express . Later Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Darbhanga Pawan Express got merged with Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Muzaffarpur Pawan Express and extended to Jaynagar railway station. 11065 [Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Muzaffarpur Pawan Express]] ran from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday, Thursday and Sunday reaching Darbhanga Junction on the 3rd day. 11066 Darbhanga Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Pawan Express ran from Darbhanga Junction every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus on the 3rd day.

## Coaches

The 11061/11062 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Jaynagar Express has 2 AC 2 tier, 6 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class, 3 General Unreserved, 1 Pantry Car, 1 SLR & 1 EOG (Generator cum Luggage Rake) coaches.
As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

## Service

The 11061 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Jainagar, Bihar Express covers the distance of 1,875 km (1,165 mi) in 36 h 55 min (51.00 km/h) & in 36 h 55 min as 11062 Jainagar –Lokmanya Tilak Terminus (51.00 km/h).
As the average speed of the train is below 51 km/h (32 mph), as per Indian Railways rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge.

## Routeing

The 11061/11062 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Jaynagar Pawan Express runs from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Mumbai via Kalyan Junction, Igatpuri, Nashik, Manmad Junction, Bhusaval Junction, Itarsi Junction, Jabalpur Junction, Satna Junction, Prayagraj Junction, Varanasi Junction, Ghazipur City, Hajipur Junction, Muzaffarpur Junction, Samastipur Junction , Darbhanga Junction, Madhubani, Sakri Junction, to Jainagar, Bihar
It reverses direction of travel at Prayagraj Junction and Samastipur Junction.

## Traction

As sections of the route are yet to be fully electrified, until 2020 an Itarsi-based WAP-4 hauled the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus until Itarsi Junction after which a pair of Itarsi-based WDM-3A or WDP-4 hauled the train for the remainder of its journey..

## Operation

* 11061 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Jaynagar Express runs from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus daily, reaching Jaynagar railway station on the 3rd day.
* 11062 Jaynagar–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express runs from Jaynagar railway station daily, reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus on the 3rd day.
# Teodor the Grammarian

Teodor Gramatik also known as Teodor Span (Span in Greek means: beardless; Serbian Cyrillic: Теодор Граматик; the second half of the 13th century) was a Serbian monk and copyist from the monastic community of Mount Athos. In 1263 during the Feast of the Transfiguration at Spasova Voda, three kilometers from Hilandar, Teodor transcribed the "Six Days" (Hexaemeron, now in Moscow) of the Bulgarian John the Exarch from part of the 9th- and 10th-century and added two long literary interesting records about the troubles and persecutions of the Archbishop of Mount Athos that he experienced on that occasion, and such were not allowed to stay on Holy Mountain. We learn from the record that he was forced to leave Mount Athos in two waves and finally finish copying in one monastic estate (Metohija) outside the territory of Athos. In this vivid and dramatic testimony, Teodor also mentions with gratitude Domentijan, who, noticing his literacy and education, entrusted him with the transcription of "Six Days" and later unsuccessfully advocated for him until he finally found a hiding place nearby from the borders of Mount Athos.
At that time, the greatest Serbian medieval writers were working at Hilandar, and Teodor Span's patron and spiritual father was Domentijan.
There is an opinion in the literature that Teodosije Hilandarac is actually the monastic name of Teodor the Grammarian, but this assumption is disputed by both Đorđe Trifunović and Dimitrije Bogdanović.

## Translation into modern Serbian

* Zapis Teodora Spana , in: Dragoljub Pavlović, „Stara srpska književnost“, 2, Novi Sad – Beograd, Matica srpska – SKZ, 1970.
* Theodore the Grammarian in the manuscript Six Days; Teodor Gramatik u pogovoru Šestodneva , u: „Stari srpski zapisi i natpisi“, priredio Milorad Pavić, Beograd, Prosveta i SKZ, 1986, 37–39, Stara srpska književnost u 24 knjige, kn. 19.

## Literature

* Dimitrije Bogdanović: "History of Old Serbian Literature", Belgrade, SKZ, 1980.
* Đorđe Trifunović: "A Brief Review of Yugoslav Literature of the Middle Ages", Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, 1976.
* Dejan Mihailović: "Byzantine Circle (Small Dictionary of Early Christian Literature in Greek, Byzantine and Old Serbian Literature)", Belgrade, "Institute for Textbooks", 2009, p. 191.
# Tim Eriksson

Tim Eriksson (born February 5, 1982) is a professional Swedish ice hockey player. He has played a long time for Linköpings HC, but after the 07/08 season he went to Djurgårdens IF.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1998–99 | Västra Frölunda HC | J20 | 29 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1999–2000 | Västra Frölunda HC | J20 | 36 | 16 | 25 | 41 | 82 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 4 |
| 2000–01 | Hammarby IF | J20 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2000–01 | Hammarby IF | Allsv | 38 | 10 | 21 | 31 | 18 | 9 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| 2001–02 | Hammarby IF | Allsv | 44 | 10 | 30 | 40 | 34 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2002–03 | Linköpings HC | SEL | 49 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2003–04 | Linköpings HC | SEL | 50 | 10 | 16 | 26 | 39 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 2004–05 | Linköpings HC | SEL | 47 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 14 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2005–06 | Linköpings HC | SEL | 47 | 14 | 13 | 27 | 20 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 8 |
| 2006–07 | Linköpings HC | SEL | 54 | 10 | 16 | 26 | 32 | 13 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 4 |
| 2007–08 | Linköpings HC | SEL | 54 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 6 | 16 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 0 |
| 2008–09 | Djurgårdens IF | SEL | 54 | 4 | 15 | 19 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009–10 | Djurgårdens IF | SEL | 55 | 7 | 10 | 17 | 22 | 16 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 2010–11 | Djurgårdens IF | SEL | 52 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 16 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2011–12 | Djurgårdens IF | SEL | 53 | 4 | 11 | 15 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2012–13 | Djurgårdens IF | Allsv | 52 | 4 | 14 | 18 | 12 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| 2013–14 | Haninge Anchors HC | SWE.4 | 26 | 13 | 37 | 50 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 11 | 13 | 6 |
| SEL totals | SEL totals | SEL totals | 515 | 64 | 114 | 178 | 189 | 74 | 8 | 15 | 23 | 26 |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1999 | Sweden | WJC18 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 2 |
| 2000 | Sweden | WJC18 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 16 |
| 2001 | Sweden | WJC | 7 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 2002 | Sweden | WJC | 7 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | 27 | 5 | 13 | 18 | 26 |
# Zeuctomorpha

Zeuctomorpha is a genus of fungi in the family Pleosporaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Zeuctomorpha arecae.
# Lynn Amowitz

Lynn Amowitz is a doctor and researcher for Physicians for Human Rights working to highlight human rights abuses and violence against women in conflict affected countries. She has worked in countries as diverse as Rwanda, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Sierra Leone.

## Early life

Amowitz was born to Jewish parents in North Carolina where her family was one of the few Jewish families in the community. She experienced anti-semitic harassment during school and grew up hearing of her grandparents struggles with antisemitism in Eastern Europe. From an early age, she had a desire to help people even repeatedly trying to give her coat to a classmate who she perceived needed it more.

## Schooling

Amowitz received her medical degree from the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University in 1992 where her father, Dr. Edward Lieberman, was a professor of physiology. Her medical specialities include internal medicine, women health and epidemiology. She completed her residency in Africa.

## Career

After completing residency, Amowitz returned to the continent of Africa to work with rural refugee communities in Rwanda and the DRC. She did similar work with refugee communities in Albania. These experiences prompted her to seek out solutions to the underlying causes of conflict and not just the medical ramifications which led to her work with Physicians for Human Rights. Since joining Physicians for Human Rights, she has chronicled human rights abuses perpetrated against southern Iraqis by Saddam Hussein and met with the Taliban in Afghanistan to discuss women's health concerns. She has worked in Rwanda, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria, Pakistan, the DRC, Sierra Leone, and other countries.
She also holds an appointment with the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, a Harvard University hospital, in Boston.
# Periosteum

The periosteum is a membrane that covers the outer surface of all bones, except at the articular surfaces (i.e. the parts within a joint space) of long bones. (At the joints of long bones the bone's outer surface is lined with "articular cartilage", a type of hyaline cartilage.) Endosteum lines the inner surface of the medullary cavity of all long bones.

## Structure

The periosteum consists of an outer fibrous layer, and an inner cambium layer (or osteogenic layer). The fibrous layer is of dense irregular connective tissue, containing fibroblasts, while the cambium layer is highly cellular containing progenitor cells that develop into osteoblasts. These osteoblasts are responsible for increasing the width of a long bone (the length of a long bone is controlled by the epiphyseal plate) and the overall size of the other bone types. After a bone fracture, the progenitor cells develop into osteoblasts and chondroblasts, which are essential to the healing process. The outer fibrous layer and the inner cambium layer are differentiated under electron micrography.
As opposed to osseous tissue, the periosteum has nociceptors, sensory neurons that make it very sensitive to manipulation. It also provides nourishment by providing the blood supply to the body from the marrow. The periosteum is attached to the bone by strong collagen fibres called "Sharpey's fibres", which extend to the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae. It also provides an attachment for muscles and tendons.
The periosteum that covers the outer surface of the bones of the skull is known as the pericranium, except when in reference to the layers of the scalp.

## Etymology

The word periosteum is derived from the Greek peri-, meaning "surrounding", and -osteon, meaning "bone". The peri refers to the fact that the periosteum is the outermost layer of long bones, surrounding other inner layers.

## Additional images

* Diagrammatic section of head.
# Oscar Alsenfelt

Oscar Alsenfelt (born June 24, 1987) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey goaltender, who is currently the sporting director of the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL).

## Playing career

Alsenfelt had a major breakthrough in the 2011 Kvalserien, with the Växjö Lakers. Showing impressive goaltending, he drew attention to hockey experts only after the first two games, despite the fact that these two games were played against familiar teams from the HockeyAllsvenskan. Alsenfelt continued to play for the team in the 2011 Kvalserien's following six rounds, and he became a significant contributor to the team's promotion to the Swedish Hockey League. With a save percentage of .954 in 8 games, he won the 2011 Kvalserien's goaltending league. Alsenfelt, however, did not make his debut game in the top Swedish league until September 27, 2011, when the Lakers won 4–2 at home against Modo Hockey. Alsenfelt stopped 28 shots out of 30 in the game.
Alsenfelt left the Växjö Lakers after the 2011–12 season, playing 17 games and finishing with a 2.18 GAA and a .927 save percentage. He subsequently signed a two-year contract with Modo Hockey set to expire after the 2013–14 season. Oscar was loaned to Leksands IF and would contribute to their promotion to the SHL by playing in the 2013 Kvalserien.
# Fredrik Bergvik

Fredrik Bergvik (born 14 February 1995) is a Swedish professional ice hockey goaltender. He is currently playing with Södertälje SK team in the Swedish HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv). He was drafted by the San Jose Sharks in the fourth round (117th overall) of the 2013 NHL Entry Draft.
Bergvik made his SHL debut with Frölunda HC on 26 February 2014, in a game against Örebro HK, in relief of Linus Fernström.

## Career statistics

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | W | L | T/OT | Min | GA | SO | GAA | SV% | GP | W | L | Min | GA | SO | GAA | SV% |
| 2012–13 | Frölunda HC | J20 | 14 | — | — | — | 834:11 | 18 | 4 | 1.29 | .949 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
# Piotr Hofmański

Piotr Józef Hofmański (born 6 March 1956) is a Polish jurist and judge who served as President of the International Criminal Court (ICC) from 2021 to 2024 and as a judge of the ICC from 2015 to 2024. Prior to this tenure, Hofmański was a legal expert and advisor at the Council of Europe.

## Early life and education

Piotr Hofmański was born in Poznań, Polish People's Republic on 6 March 1956. He obtained his master of laws degree from the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń in 1978. He got his doctor of laws degree from the same university in 1981. He habilitated at the University of Silesia in Katowice in 1990.

## Council of Europe

In 2001–2002 he was working as an expert at the Council of Europe in the Reflection Group on developments in international cooperation in criminal matters and in 2004–2006 in the Committee of Experts on Transnational Justice.

## Judge

He began his career as a judge on the bench of the appellate court in Białystok in 1994. In 1996–2015 he was a judge in the Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Poland. In 1999 he served as the court's spokesperson.
In December 2014 he was elected as a judge of the International Criminal Court for the 2015–2024 term. He was the first person from Poland elected to that post. He was officially sworn in on 10 March 2015 with five other judges. In March 2021 he was elected President of the International Criminal Court for the term 2021–2024. He served with judges Luz del Carmen Ibáñez Carranza and Antoine Kesia-Mbe Mindua as his Vice-presidents.
In September 2023, Russia issued an arrest warrant for Hofmański on unspecified charges, allegedly in retaliation for the ICC having issued a warrant against President Vladimir Putin.

## Decorations

In 2000 he was awarded the Silver Cross of Merit by the President Aleksander Kwaśniewski.

## Personal life

He is fluent in Polish, English and German. He is married and has three daughters.

## Publications

Hofmański authored and co-authored more than 300 publications regarding various aspects of criminal law and procedure, international cooperation in criminal matters and human rights protection. Many of his publications have been written and published in German and/or English.
# Laurentian Divide

The Laurentian Divide also called the Northern Divide and locally the height of land, is a continental divide in central North America that separates the Hudson Bay watershed to the north from the Gulf of Mexico watershed to the south and the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence watershed to the southeast.
Water north of the divide flows to Hudson Bay; water south of the divide and also south of the St. Lawrence Divide flows to the Gulf of Mexico, otherwise to the Labrador Sea or via the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway to the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

## Background

From the divide's junction with the Continental Divide at Triple Divide Peak, just south of the U.S. border in northwestern Montana, it runs north to just across the border then east through southern Alberta and Saskatchewan where it turns southeasterly reentering the U.S. at the northwestern corner of North Dakota. It then continues to the extreme northeast corner of South Dakota before crossing the middle of Minnesota's western border at the Traverse Gap. The divide then runs north and east through northern Minnesota, through Superior National Forest in the eastern tip, into Ontario. There it passes to the north of Lake Nipigon, then runs as far south as the 48th parallel before veering north again to cross the western border of Quebec just south of Lake Abitibi. It then meanders northeasterly across Quebec to the southwestern boundary of Labrador. From there, it follows the boundary jaggedly north to Killiniq Island where it becomes the boundary between Nunavut and Labrador before reaching its terminus at Cape Chidley on the Labrador Sea.
Two triple divide points lie on the divide. One is at its origin on Triple Divide Peak, in Glacier National Park, Montana, where it meets the Continental Divide; this is usually considered the hydrological apex of North America. That peak divides the waters of the Columbia River watershed which flow to the Pacific Ocean from the waters of the Nelson River watershed which flow to Hudson Bay and the Mississippi River watershed which flows to the Gulf of Mexico. The other triple divide is at Hill of Three Waters near Hibbing, Minnesota, which is the junction with the St. Lawrence divide. This not a summit, but a highland plains where the watersheds of the Mississippi, Nelson and St. Lawrence River (which flows to the Gulf of St. Lawrence) meet.
The eastern portion of the divide marked the original northern boundary of both Ontario and Quebec provinces at the time of Confederation in 1867, although both have since expanded significantly northward. West of Lake Superior, the divide formed the northern boundary of the United States' Louisiana Purchase in 1803.

## Gallery

* Laurentian Divide along Highway 38 in Minnesota
* Marker sign for the Divide along Highway 101 in Ontario
* Laurentian Divide along Highway 40 in Burke County, North Dakota
# Thirty Thousand Feet Over China

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Smash Hits | 8.5/10 |
| Trouser Press | favourable |
Thirty Thousand Feet Over China is the second studio album by English post-punk/new wave band The Passions, released 18 September 1981 by Polydor Records. It reached No. 92 in the UK Albums Chart. It contains the group's hit single "I'm in Love with a German Film Star".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by The Passions, with "Someone Special", "Bachelor Girls" and "War Song" written just by Claire Bidwell
2008 Cherry Red CD bonus tracks:

## Personnel
### The Passions

* Barbara Gogan – vocals, guitar; piano on "Small Stones"
* Clive Timperley – guitar, vocals; piano on "Someone Special"
* David Agar – bass, vocals; guitar on "Small Stones", additional percussion on "Skin Deep"
* Richard Williams – percussion

### Technical

* Martin Moss, Pete Buhlmann – engineer
* Jeff Veitch – cover photography

### Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for Thirty Thousand Feet Over China :
| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 49 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 91 |