OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bozo bit

The term bozo bit has been used in two contexts. Initially a weak copy protection system in the 1980s Apple classic Mac OS, the term "flipping the bozo bit" was later reused to describe a decision to ignore a person's input. It is a whimsical term, possibly derived from the classic children's comedy character, Bozo the Clown.

## Weak copy protection

In early versions of Apple's classic Mac OS, the "bozo bit" (also called the "no copy" flag in some documentation) was one of the flags in the Finder Information Record, which described various file attributes. When the bit was set, the file could not be copied. It was called the bozo bit because it was copy protection so weak that only a bozo would think of it, and only a bozo would be deterred by it. Version 5.0 of Finder began ignoring this bit.
The cassette and ROM filing systems and the Advanced Disc Filing System of Acorn MOS feature a rudimentary copy protection mechanism where a file with a certain flag set cannot be loaded except to execute it.
The Compact Disc has a similar "no copy" bit in the subcode, but nearly all disc-copying software ignores it, and usually removes it on copies. Consumer-grade dedicated hardware audio disc copiers usually honor the bozo bit, and will refuse to copy a disc with the bit set. Professional disc copiers ignore the bozo bit and will copy a protected disc.

## Dismissing a person as not worth listening to

In his 1995 book Dynamics of Software Development, which presented a series of rules about the political and interpersonal forces that drive software development, Jim McCarthy applied the bozo bit notion to the realm of human interaction.
In his book, McCarthy's rule #4 is "Don't Flip The Bozo Bit". His reasoning is that everyone has something to contribute – it's easy and tempting, when someone ticks a person off or is mistaken (or both), to simply disregard all their input in the future by setting the "bozo flag" to TRUE for that person. But by taking that lazy way out, the person poisons team interactions and cannot avail themselves of help from the "bozo" ever again.
# First Lady of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

First Lady of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (French: Première Dame de la République démocratique du Congo) is the title attributed to the wife of the president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The country's current first lady is Denise Tshisekedi, wife of President Félix Tshisekedi, who had held the title since January 24, 2019.

## First Ladies

| No. | Name | Term Began | Term Ended | President | Notes |
| 1 | Hortense Kasa-Vubu | July 1, 1960 | November 24, 1965 | Joseph Kasa-Vubu | Kasa-Vubu, who was born Hortense Ngoma Masunda, married Joseph Kasa-Vubu in a Catholic ceremony on October 10, 1941. |
| 2 | Marie-Antoinette Mobutu | November 24, 1965 | October 22, 1977 | Mobutu Sese Seko | As First Lady of Zaire beginning in 1971. Marie-Antoinette Mobutu, the first wife of President Mobutu Sese Seko, died from heart failure on October 22, 1977. |
| Position technically vacant | Position technically vacant | October 22, 1977 | May 1, 1980 | Mobutu Sese Seko | Marie-Antoinette Mobutu died on October 22, 1977. |
| 3 | Bobi Ladawa Mobutu | May 1, 1980 | May 16, 1997 | Mobutu Sese Seko | As First Lady of Zaire. Bobi Ladawa had been Sese Seko's longtime mistress during the 1970s. The couple had children together even before the death of Sese Seko's first wife, Marie-Antoinette Mobutu, in 1977. Ladawa and Sese Seko married in a church and civil wedding on May 1, 1980, on the eve of Pope John Paul II's visit to Zaire. However, the Pope refused to officiate the ceremony. |
| 4 | Sifa Mahanya | May 17, 1997 | January 16, 2001 | Laurent-Désiré Kabila | Sifa Mahanya was the main wife of Laurent-Désiré Kabila, who reportedly had at least 13 wives, and matriarch of the Kabilas. According to official biographies, Mahanya and Laurent Kabila are the parents of former President Joseph Kabila. However, this parentage is disputed by some observers and opposition figures. |
| Position vacant | Position vacant | January 16, 2001 | June 1, 2006 | Joseph Kabila | President Joseph Kabila was not married at the time. |
| 5 | Olive Lembe di Sita | June 1, 2006 | January 24, 2019 | Joseph Kabila | Olive Lembe di Sita married President Joseph Kabila on June 1, 2006, and they celebrated their wedding on June 17, 2006 at the presidential residence in Gombe, Kinshasa. |
| 6 | Denise Tshisekedi | January 24, 2019 | | Félix Tshisekedi | |
# Eduard Zintl

Eduard Zintl (21 January 1898 – 17 January 1941) was a German chemist. He gained prominence for research on intermetallic compounds.

## Family background

After his family moved from Weiden and Bayreuth to Munich and after he had finished school he was drafted for military service during World War I. At the age of 21 he started studying at the University of Munich with Otto Hönigschmid. He was an excellent student, and later became an assistant for Otto Hönigschmid, head of the German atomic weight laboratory.

## Career

He earned his PhD in 1923, at the age of 25, with a thesis on the molar mass of bromine. He stayed with Otto Hönigschmid's group, where he was involved in the supervision of PhD students, for example Josef Goubeau and Günther Rienäcker. From 1928 till 1933 he was professor of inorganic chemistry at the University of Freiburg. During this period he studied the structure of complex anions formed by metals in a solution of sodium in ammonia. [Na(NH$_3$)$_x$]$^+$$_4$[Pb$_9$]$^{4−}$ is one of the examples he discovered.
Working in an atomic weight laboratory as a student assistant had provided him a lot of experience with chemical elements and how they react with each other. He noted that the atomic volume contraction between these compounds were formed and it could indicate cation formation.

### Work at Darmstadt

In 1933 he moved to a position at the Technische Universität Darmstadt, where a new building for inorganic and physical chemistry was planned and built. The research on complex anions led him to the discovery of the Zintl phases. The structure of Zintl phases were ionic, and the structure of the anion (aka Zintl ion) could result an electronic state. His study focused on intermetallic compounds and how the electron could be transferred from a more electropositive metal. In the Zintl phase, the structure of the Zintl ion (polyanion) should be similar to an isoelectronic element. For example, in Na$_2$Tl, the polyanion is tetrahedral (Tl$_4$)$^{8−}$, similar to the phosphorus molecule P$_4$.
# 1978 Kerry Senior Football Championship

The 1978 Kerry Senior Football Championship was the 78th staging of the Kerry Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Kerry County Board in 1889.
Shannon Rangers entered the championship as the defending champions.
The final was played on 12 November 1978 at Austin Stack Park in Tralee, between Feale Rangers and Mid Kerry, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Feale Rangers won the match by 0-08 to 0-03 to claim their first ever championship title.
# 1983 Kerry Senior Football Championship

The 1983 Kerry Senior Football Championship was the 83rd staging of the Kerry Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Kerry County Board in 1889.
South Kerry entered the championship as the defending champions.
The final replay was played on 16 October 1983 at Austin Stack Park in Tralee, between Killarney and Feale Rangers, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Killarney won the match by 0-10 to 1-04 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in 34 years.

## Championship statistics
### Miscellaneous

* Killaney win their first title since 1949.
* Killaney qualify for the final for first time since 1950.
# Ayush Mhatre

Ayush Mhatre (born 16 July 2007) is an Indian first-class cricketer who plays for Mumbai.

## Career

An opening batter, Mhatre made his first-class debut aged 17 for Mumbai in the 2024-25 Irani Cup. A few weeks later he scored his maiden first-class century, with 176 for Mumbai against Maharashtra in the 2024–25 Ranji Trophy.
Mhatre became the youngest player to score 150+ runs in men’s List A cricket, surpassing the previous record set by Yashasvi Jaiswal.
# 1930 Kerry Senior Football Championship

The 1930 Kerry Senior Football Championship was the 32nd staging of the Kerry Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Kerry County Board in 1889.
Boherbee entered the championship as the defending champions.
The final was played on 14 September 1930 at Tralee Sportsfield, between Rock Street and Strand Street, in what was their second meeting in the final and a first in two years. Rock Street won the match by 4–04 to 2–05 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in two years.
# 1959 in Laos

The following lists events that happened during 1959 in Laos.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Sisavang Vong (abdicated 29 October), Savang Vatthana (ascended 29 October)
* Prime Minister: Phoui Sananikone (until 31 December), Sounthone Pathammavong (starting 31 December)

## Events
### January

* 22 January - Project Hotfoot (Laos) begins.

### July

* 28-31 July - North Vietnamese invasion of Laos: North Vietnamese Army units attack Laos in support of the Pathet Lao.

### September

* 7 September - United Nations Security Council Resolution 132 is adopted.

## Deaths

* 14 October - Phetsarath Ratanavongsa
* 29 October - Sisavang Vong
* 29 December - Katay Don Sasorith
# Best Foot Forward (Max Liebman Presents)

"Best Foot Forward" is a 1954 American television episode adaptation of the musical Best Foot Forward. It was directed by Max Liebman as part of a series of color spectaculars. It was Jeannie Carson's American debut.

## Cast

* Marilyn Maxwell as Gale Joy
* Robert Cummings as Jack Haggerty
* Charlie Applewhite as Bud Hooper
* Hope Holliday as Minerva
* Jeannie Carson as Helen Twitterton
* Harrison Muller as Dutch
* Pat Carroll as Blind Date
* Candi Parsons as Ethel
* Arte Johnson as Chuck
* James Komack as Hunk
* Howard St. John as Dean Reeber
* Gene Blakely as Chester Billings

## Reception

The New York Times called it "delightful".
# Vũ Như Thành

Vũ Như Thành (born 28 August 1981) Vietnamese football coach and former professional player who is currently the head coach of V.League 2 club Phú Thọ.
He was a member of the Vietnam team that won the 2008 AFF Championship.

## Coaching career
### Phú Thọ

Vũ Như Thành was appointed manager of V.League 2 club Phú Thọ in January 2021. He lost his first V.League 2 match, 1–0 at home to Khánh Hòa on 20 March. On 1 May, Thành won his first competitive game as Phú Thọ manager when his side recorded a 2–1 victory against Đắk Lắk.
On 27 May 2023, Thành unexpectedly announced his departure from Phú Thọ, after his side fell into the relegation zone, following a 2–0 away defeat against Phù Đổng the previous day.

### Công an Hà Nội

On 6 June 2023, Thành was appointed an assistant coach at Công an Hà Nội.

### Return to Phú Thọ

In January 2024, Phú Thọ appointed Vũ Như Thành as manager for the second time.

## Career statistics
### International

Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Vietnam |
| Vietnam | 2003 | 6 | 0 |
| Vietnam | 2006 | 4 | 0 |
| Vietnam | 2007 | 13 | 0 |
| Vietnam | 2008 | 9 | 0 |
| Vietnam | 2009 | 7 | 1 |
| Vietnam | 2010 | 11 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 50 | 2 |
    Scores and results list Vietnam's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Thành goal.
List of international goals scored by Vũ Như Thành :
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 24 October 2009 | Thong Nhat Stadium, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam | Singapore | 2–2 | 2–2 | Friendly |
| 2 | 8 October 2010 | Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex, Pune, India | India | 1–2 | 1–3 | Friendly |

## Managerial statistics

    As of match played 18 February 2024
Managerial record by team and tenure :
| Team | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Team | From | To | G | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Phú Thọ | 20 March 2021 | 26 May 2023 | 36 | 6 | 11 | 19 | 25 | 54 | −29 | 016.67 |
| Phú Thọ | 9 January 2024 | present | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | −1 | 000.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | 37 | 6 | 11 | 20 | 26 | 56 | −30 | 016.22 |

## Honours

Becamex Bình Dương
* V.League 1: 2007, 2008
* Vietnamese Super Cup: 2007, 2008
Vietnam
* AFF Championship: 2008
# Lovers in Paris (Philippine TV series)

Lovers in Paris is a 2009 Philippine television drama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. The series is based on the 2004 South Korean drama series of the same title. Directed by FM Reyes, it stars KC Concepcion, Piolo Pascual and Zanjoe Marudo. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from September 28 to December 11, 2009, replacing Tayong Dalawa and was replaced by Boys Over Flowers: One More Time.

## Premise

A story of three people will discover the complexities of love. For Vivian, love is the greatest thing to give and to receive. For Carlo, love is but a responsibility. For Martin, love is self-gratification. Despite their different views, these three will learn go through a life-changing experience when their paths cross in Paris.

## Cast and characters
### Main cast

* KC Concepcion as Vivian Vizcarra
* Piolo Pascual as Carlo Aranaz
* Zanjoe Marudo as Martin Aranaz Barrameda

### Supporting cast

* Christopher de Leon as George Aranaz
* Mark Gil as John Palma
* Maricar Reyes as Karen Roxas
* Assunta De Rossi as Eunice Gatus
* Rachel Anne Wolfe as Louise Aranaz Barrameda

### Extended cast

* K Brosas as Michelle
* Hyubs Azarcon as Joon
* Ching Arellano as Popoy
* Aaron Junatas as Keon
* Maria Isabel Lopez as Julia Francisco-Gatus
* Matthew Ku Aquino as Alex Gatus
* Savannah Lamsen as Innah Fernandez
* Dionne Monsanto as Jennifer
* Daisy Cariño as Carla
* Manuel Chua as Albert Samaniego
* Zaira dela Peña as Carlene

### Guest cast

* Sophia Baars as young Vivian
* Joshua Dionisio as young Carlo
* Jairus Aquino as young Martin
* Soliman Cruz as McArthur "Mac" Vizcarra
* Melissa Mendez as Rowena Vizcarra
* Alwyn Uytingco as Dennis Mariano
* Jubail Andres as bartender
* Digna Roosevelt as Bridge
* Kevin Viard as hotel owner
* Marvin Raymundo as bartender
* John Tagle as Mr. Loxen
* Daniel Revilla as Renzo Barrameda
* JC Lourry Navarro as friend of young Carlo

## Production

Lovers in Paris is a Korean drama produced by Seoul Broadcasting System in 2004, starring Kim Jung-eun, Park Shin-yang and Lee Dong-gun. ABS-CBN dubbed the series in Filipino and aired it on the network from November 15, 2004 to January 28, 2005.
The Philippine adaptation of Lovers in Paris marked the first primetime television project for Concepcion and her first pairing with Pascual. Principal photography began during the first quarter of 2009 in Paris, France. Filming for the series concluded in the Philippines on December 3, 2009.

### Pilot week marathon

On October 3, 2009, ABS-CBN aired a special encore marathon of the first few episodes of Lovers in Paris due to public demand. Viewers in several areas were unable to watch the premiere week because of electricity outages caused by Typhoon Ondoy.
# Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's team cross country

The men's team cross country event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics. It was the second appearance of this event. The competition was held on Monday, August 23, 1920.
Eight nations competed as they have at least three competitors participating in the individual cross country race.

## Results

The first three runners for each nation to finish in the individual cross country race counted towards the team results. Their placings were summed, and the team with the lowest sum won.
| Place | Team | Score | Total |
| Final ||||
| 1 | Finland (FIN) | Finland (FIN) | 10 |
| 1 | Paavo Nurmi | 1 | 10 |
| 1 | Heikki Liimatainen | 3 | 10 |
| 1 | Teodor Koskenniemi | 6 | 10 |
| | Ilmari Vesamaa | 14 |
| | Eino Rastas | 18 |
| | Hannes Miettinen | 23 |
| 2 | Great Britain (GBR) | Great Britain (GBR) | 21 |
| 2 | James Wilson | 4 | 21 |
| 2 | Anton Hegarty | 5 | 21 |
| 2 | Alfred Nichols | 12 | 21 |
| | Christopher Vose | 19 |
| | Walter Freeman | 22 |
| | Larry Cummins | 26 |
| 3 | Sweden (SWE) | Sweden (SWE) | 23 |
| 3 | Eric Backman | 2 | 23 |
| 3 | Gustaf Mattsson | 10 | 23 |
| 3 | Hilding Ekman | 11 | 23 |
| | Werner Magnusson | 13 |
| | Lars Hedwall | 24 |
| | Knut Alm | 30 |
| 4 | United States (USA) | United States (USA) | 36 |
| 4 | Patrick Flynn | 9 | 36 |
| 4 | Fred Faller | 13 | 36 |
| 4 | Max Bohland | 14 | 36 |
| | Lewis Watson | 34 |
| | Bob Crawford | 40 |
| | Amisoli Patasoni | DNF |
| 5 | France (FRA) | France (FRA) | 40 |
| 5 | Gaston Heuet | 8 | 40 |
| 5 | Gustave Lauvaux | 15 | 40 |
| 5 | Joseph Servella | 17 | 40 |
| | Edmond Brossard | 31 |
| | Edmond Bimont | 32 |
| | Joseph Guillemot | DNF |
| 6 | Belgium (BEL) | Belgium (BEL) | 48 |
| 6 | Julien Van Campenhout | 7 | 48 |
| 6 | Henri Smets | 20 | 48 |
| 6 | Aimé Proot | 21 | 48 |
| | François Vyncke | 37 |
| | Pierre Trullemans | 41 |
| | Émile Rivez | 42 |
| 7 | Denmark (DEN) | Denmark (DEN) | 53 |
| 7 | Albert Andersen | 16 | 53 |
| 7 | Henrik Sørensen | 18 | 53 |
| 7 | Jón Jónsen | 19 | 53 |
| | Julius Ebert | 35 |
| | Artur Nielsen | DNF |
# Eodiscoglossus

Eodiscoglossus is an extinct genus of prehistoric frogs. It is known from the type species E. santonjae from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) La Pedrera de Rúbies Formation and El Castellar Formation of Spain, as well as a referred species E. oxoniensis known from the Forest Marble Formation of the UK and an indeterminate species from the Dzunbain Formation of Mongolia. It was a small primitive frog, with a length of only 27 mm (1.1 in) from the premaxilla to the ischium. Formerly considered to be closely related to discoglossids, E. santonjae is now regarded as close to the root of the crown group of modern frogs in a position more derived than New Zealand frogs and tailed frogs, but more basal than costatans like alytids and other more advanced frogs like neobatrachians. The morphology of E. santonjae suggests a generalist and unspecialised movement habit. The referral of E. oxoniensis to Eodiscoglossus has been questioned, as it is much earlier than the type species and it is based on homoplasic and plesiomorphic characteristics inherited from a common ancestor, so there is no clear evidence of a close relation.
# 1972 Kerry Senior Football Championship

The 1972 Kerry Senior Football Championship was the 72nd staging of the Kerry Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Kerry County Board in 1889.
Mid Kerry entered the championship as the defending champions.
The final was played on 5 November 1972 at Austin Stack Park in Tralee, between Shannon Rangers and Mid Kerry, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Shannon Rangers won the match by 2–08 to 1–07 to claim their fourth championship title overall and a first title in eight years.
# Lipie, Kutno County

Lipie is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Łanięta, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Łanięta, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Kutno, and 63 km (39 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
# Lipiny, Gmina Złoczew

Lipiny is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złoczew, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Złoczew, 18 km (11 mi) south of Sieradz, and 66 km (41 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Lipki, Łódź Voivodeship

Lipki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Poddębice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-west of Poddębice and 41 km (25 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Lipno, Łódź Voivodeship

Lipno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeźnio, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-east of Brzeźnio, 18 km (11 mi) south of Sieradz, and 66 km (41 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Lisiewice Duże

Lisiewice Duże is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Domaniewice, within Łowicz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.
# Lnisno

Lnisno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Godzianów, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Godzianów, 12 km (7 mi) south of Skierniewice, and 45 km (28 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.
# Lubianków

Lubianków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Głowno, within Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of Głowno, 28 km (17 mi) north-east of Zgierz, and 29 km (18 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.
In the village there is a primary school, named after Maria Konopnicka. The first school was established in the village in year 1918.
In 2011 the village had an approximate population of 304.
# Lubiaszów

Lubiaszów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolbórz, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Wolbórz, 15 km (9 mi) east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 47 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
# Please (disambiguation)

Please is a usually polite expression of request.
Please may also refer to:

## Music
### Albums

* Please (Pet Shop Boys album) (1986)
* Please (Matt Nathanson album) (1993)

### Songs

* "Please" (Toni Braxton song) (2005)
* "Please" (Robin Gibb song) (2003)
* "Please (You Got That ...)", a 1993 song by INXS
* "Please" (The Kinleys song) (1997)
* "Please" (Shizuka Kudo song) (1991)
* "Please" (Pam Tillis song) (2000)
* "Please" (U2 song) (1997)
* "Please", a 1998 song by The Apples in Stereo from Velocity of Sound
* "Please", a 1970 song by John Cale from Vintage Violence
* "Please", a 1932 song by Bing Crosby
* "Please", a 2015 song by Sawyer Fredericks
* "Please", a 2007 song by Paul Hartnoll from The Ideal Condition
* "Please", a 2002 song by Chris Isaak from Speak of the Devil
* "Please", a 2003 song by Lamb from Between Darkness and Wonder
* "Please", a 2021 song by Lil Baby and Lil Durk from The Voice of the Heroes
* "Please", a 2003 song by Maxeen from Maxeen
* "Please", a 2010 song by Tom McRae from The Alphabet of Hurricanes
* "Please", a 1999 song by Nine Inch Nails from The Fragile
* "Please", a 2005 song by Staind from Chapter V
* "Please", a 2001 song by Pam Tillis from Thunder & Roses
* "Please", a 1989 song from the musical Miss Saigon

## Other uses

* Please (film), a 1933 short musical comedy film
* "Please" (Daredevil)
* PLEASE, a keyword in the INTERCAL programming language