OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 938

Year 938 (CMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* Summer – The Hungarian army invades Northern Italy with the permission of King Hugh of Arles. They cross the Apennines, and sack the Lombard lands in Tuscany, Lazio and Campania. Finally, the Hungarians are defeated at Wolfenbüttel by a Saxon army.
* July – King Otto I besieges the fortress of Eresburg. He defeats his half-brother Thankmar and kills him as he tries to find sanctuary. Eberhard III, duke of Franconia, is banished and replaced by his uncle Berthold.
* Fall – Otto I defeats in two campaigns a series of uprisings in Saxony, Franconia and Lotharingia. He signs a "friendship pact" with King Louis IV ("d'Outremer") of the West Frankish Kingdom.

#### Asia

* Battle of Bach Dang: Vietnamese forces defeat an invading force of the Southern Han state at the Bach Dang River. This put an end to Chinese imperial domination in Vietnam after nearly 1,000 years.
* The Sixteen Prefectures, which includes the area around modern-day Beijing, are absorbed in the Khitan Empire.

## Births

* September 14 – Sahib ibn Abbad, Buyid grand vizier (d. 995)
* Almanzor, Umayyad vizier and de facto ruler (approximate date)
* Beatrice of France, duchess regent of Upper Lorraine (approximate date)
* García Fernández, count of Castile and Álava (approximate date)
* Olaf the Peacock, Icelandic merchant and chieftain (approximate date)
* Romanos II, Byzantine emperor (d. 963)
* Sancho II, king of Navarre (approximate date)

## Deaths

* February 3 – Zhou Ben, general of Wu (b. 862)
* July 28 – Thankmar, half-brother of Otto I (during the Siege of Eresburg)
* Lady Ise, Japanese noblewoman and poet (b. 875) (approximate date)
* Lady Peng, noblewoman of Chu (Ten Kingdoms)
* Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Khara'iti, Abbasid theologian
* Shen Song, chancellor of Wuyue (b. 863)
# Carol Gigliotti

Carol Gigliotti is an academic, writer, artist, and animal activist. She is Professor Emeritus of Design and Dynamic Media, Emily Carr University of Art and Design in Vancouver, British Columbia. She is the editor of the 2009 book Leonardo's Choice: Genetic Technologies and Animals, published by Springer, and the author of the 2022 book The Creative Lives of Animals, published by New York University Press. The Creative Lives of Animals won a gold award in the Animals & Nature category in the 2023 Nautilus Book Awards.
Gigliotti studied at Northwestern University, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, and Ohio State University. She completed her PhD at Ohio State in 1993. Her thesis, which was supervised by Robert Lloyd Arnold, was entitled Aesthetics of a virtual world: ethical issues in interactive technological design. She worked at Ohio State until 1999, taking up a position at Emily Carr in 2000. In 2023, she was the keynote speaker at the Australasian Animal Studies Assocation (AASA) conference with her presentation Why knowledge of animal cultures is critical.
Publications Authored or Edited :
| Title of work | Role | Year |
| Aesthetics of a virtual world: ethical issues in interactive technological design | Author | 1993 |
| Leonardo's Choice: Genetic Technologies and Animals | Editor | 2009 |
| The Creative Lives of Animals | Author | 2022 |
# Maryna Shkermankova

Maryna Ivanauna Shkermankova (Belarusian: Марына Іванаўна Шкерманкова; born 9 April 1990 in Hlybokaye, Belarus) is a weightlifter representing Belarus. She initially won the bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the – 69 kg category. In 2016, she was stripped of her Olympic medal after retests of her drug sample tested positive for the steroids stanozolol and turinabol.
# Popowice, Łódź Voivodeship

Popowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pątnów, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) west of Pątnów, 9 km (6 mi) south of Wieluń, and 94 km (58 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

## History

The territory became a part of the emerging Polish state in the 10th century. The All Saints church was built in the early 16th century, and was part of the Catholic parish in nearby Kadłub.
During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), in 1940, the German gendarmerie carried out expulsions of Poles, who were placed in a transit camp in Łódź, and then young Poles were deported to forced labour in Germany and German-occupied France, and others were deported to the General Government in the more eastern part of German-occupied Poland. Houses and farms of expelled Poles were handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy.
# Giorgi Popkhadze

Giorgi Popkhadze (Georgian: გიორგი ფოფხაძე; born 25 September 1986) is a Georgian former professional footballer who played as a left-back.

## Club career

In the summer of 2012, Popkhadze signed for Azerbaijan Premier League side FK Baku. After making 24 appearances in all competitions, Popkhadze was released at the end of the 2012–13 season.

## International career

Popkhadze made his debut for Georgia on 1 March 2006, in a 2–0 friendly win against Malta.

## Career statistics

    As of 17 June 2014
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Tbilisi | 2004–05 | Umaglesi Liga | 14 | 0 | | | — | — | 14 | 0 |
| Tbilisi | 2005–06 | Umaglesi Liga | 12 | 2 | | | — | — | 12 | 2 |
| Tbilisi | Total | Total | 26 | 2 | | | — | — | 26 | 2 |
| Olympiacos (loan) | 2005–06 | Alpha Ethniki | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Viborg FF | 2006–07 | Danish Superliga | 11 | 0 | | | — | — | 11 | 0 |
| Viborg FF | 2007–08 | Danish Superliga | 14 | 0 | | | — | — | 14 | 0 |
| Viborg FF | 2008–09 | Danish 1st Division | 16 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 17 | 0 |
| Viborg FF | 2009–10 | Danish 1st Division | 21 | 0 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 24 | 1 |
| Viborg FF | 2010–11 | Danish 1st Division | 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 13 | 0 |
| Viborg FF | Total | Total | 74 | 0 | 5 | 1 | — | — | 79 | 1 |
| Zestaponi | 2010–11 | Umaglesi Liga | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 7 | 0 |
| Sturm Graz | 2011–12 | Austrian Bundesliga | 20 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 32 | 0 |
| FK Baku | 2012–13 | Azerbaijan Premier League | 19 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 23 | 0 |
| Jagiellonia Białystok | 2013–14 | Ekstraklasa | 26 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 171 | 2 | 16 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 197 | 3 |

### International

    As of 1 January 2012.
Georgia national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2006 | 2 | 0 |
| 2007 | 0 | 0 |
| 2008 | 0 | 0 |
| 2009 | 5 | 0 |
| 2010 | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 7 | 0 |

## Honors
### Zestaponi

* Umaglesi Liga: 2010–11
# Amastra fragosa

Amastra fragosa is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Amastridae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 13.7 mm, its diameter 8 mm.
(Original description) The shell is narrowly umbilicate, dextral, and conic, with a very thin structure. In its fossil state, it appears as a pale, dirty white. The spire is acutely conical, tapering sharply and slightly contracted near the apex. Its outlines are subtly concave, culminating in a very acute tip.
The whorls of the protoconch are elongate, nearly flat, and very faintly marked with minute striations. The subsequent whorls are indistinctly flattened above, convex below, and subtly shouldered near the sutures. They are irregularly sculpted with coarse, oblique growth wrinkles.
The body whorl is rounded and tapers toward the base, showing slight contraction around the umbilicus. The aperture is somewhat oblique and slightly contracted near its upper margin, with the outer edge thin and consistently strongly arched.
The columella is narrowly triangular, with its inner margin slightly oblique and its outer margin thin and gently arched above the umbilicus. The columellar fold is not particularly strong, nearly transverse, and tapers gradually toward the outer margin of the columella.
The umbilicus is subcircular, with a rounded and slightly contracted margin that appears enlarged internally.
In some adult specimens of this species, there is a subtle tendency to develop an indistinct angle at the periphery. However, when this feature is present, it does not affect the margin of the aperture, as the angle fades away before reaching it.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to Hawai, occurring in Pleistocene strata.
# Abdulelah Al-Fahad

Abdulelah Al-Fahad (Arabic: فهد على الباحوث) is a Saudi football player who plays as a midfielder .

## Honours
### Al-Fayha

* Saudi First Division: 2016–17
# Larry McIntyre

Lawrence Albert McIntyre (July 13, 1949 – November 29, 2024) was a Canadian ice hockey defenceman. He played 41 games in the National Hockey League for the Toronto Maple Leafs between 1970 and 1973. The rest of his career lasted from 1969 to 1976 and was mainly spent in the Central Hockey League. McIntyre died in Tulsa, Oklahoma on November 29, 2024, at the age of 75.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1966–67 | Moose Jaw Canucks | CMJHL | 32 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1967–68 | Moose Jaw Canucks | WCHL | 60 | 7 | 13 | 20 | 66 | 10 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| 1968–69 | Moose Jaw Canucks | SJHL | 4 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1969–70 | Toronto Maple Leafs | NHL | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1969–70 | Tulsa Oilers | CHL | 60 | 2 | 12 | 14 | 41 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 1969–70 | Buffalo Bisons | AHL | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1970–71 | Tulsa Oilers | CHL | 41 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1971–72 | Tulsa Oilers | CHL | 72 | 1 | 11 | 12 | 55 | 13 | 0 | 9 | 9 | 10 |
| 1972–73 | Toronto Maple Leafs | NHL | 40 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1972–73 | Tulsa Oilers | CHL | 14 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 20 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1973–74 | Seattle Totems | WHL | 52 | 2 | 14 | 16 | 32 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1974–75 | Seattle Totems | CHL | 68 | 2 | 13 | 15 | 50 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1975–76 | Tulsa Oilers | CHL | 76 | 7 | 29 | 36 | 36 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 6 |
| CHL totals | CHL totals | CHL totals | 331 | 12 | 77 | 89 | 220 | 28 | 1 | 12 | 13 | 20 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 41 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — |
# Bedale Beck

Bedale Beck is a small river that flows through the eastern end of Wensleydale and passes through Crakehall, Bedale and Leeming, before entering the River Swale between Morton-on-Swale and Gatenby. Between source and mouth its length is 25.7 miles (41 km).

## Route

The beck begins at Constable Burton with the confluence of three becks (Bellerby and Burton, Whipperdale and a third unnamed beck), all of which rise in the upland north of Leyburn, with Bellerby Beck spilling off the moor above the village of Bellerby. At Constable Burton it flows under the A684 road and between there and Patrick Brompton it is shown on maps as Burton Beck, Leeming Beck and Newton Beck. At Crakehall it is named Crakehall Beck.
It takes on the name Bedale Beck proper just east of Crakehall before it flows south under the new A684 bypass and into the town of Bedale, where it forms the boundary between the civil parishes of Aiskew and Bedale. After Bedale it flows east then north, going under the A6055 road and the A1(M) before changing direction and going east along the northern edge of RAF Leeming. It joins the River Swale between Morton-on-Swale and Gatenby.

## History

The beck was the location of water mills, at least two being recorded in the Bedale area by 1297. The most famous is the mill that still exists at Crakehall, which was renovated in 1980 and again in the new millennium and grinds corn on special open days. Both of the mills at Aiskew and Crakehall had millraces. Crakehall's is still there and transports water. Aiskew Mill had closed but was reopened in 2010 as a community bakery.
In the 18th century an attempt was made to make the beck navigable from Bedale to the River Swale. The plan was abandoned owing to a lack of investment and in 1855 the railway was opened, which superseded the plans for a canal. The area below the weir and the sluice gate are still known as 'The Harbour'. The scheme was part of a grander plan to convert the Swale into a navigation from the River Ure up to Bedale, which involved installing a lock just west of Leeming village, known as Leeming Lock. The lock survived until it was blown up in the Second World War, though no-one knows if it was deliberate or accidental. The plan also meant diverting the watercourse that flows past Floodbridge Farm and now joins Bedale Beck further downstream than previously.
Flooding on the beck has led to problems. In 1900 floodwaters undermined the trackbed of the railway line west of Bedale, causing a locomotive to derail and killing its fireman.

## Ecology

Along with others that feed into the River Swale in Hambleton, Bedale Beck has been identified as having poor ecological quality and having too much sediment entering the water, which damages the habitat for fish, raises phosphate levels and contributes to flooding.
Both Bedale and Leeming have been identified as being the main receptors of flooding along the beck owing to their low-lying and flat nature (especially between Bedale and Leeming, which has been described as a 'level floodplain') in comparison to the rest of the beck's course.
# Vladislav Glinsky

Vladislav Vitalyevich Glinsky (Belarusian: Уладзіслаў Вітальевіч Глінскі; Russian: Владислав Витальевич Глинский; born 29 May 2000) is a Belarusian professional footballer.
# Poręba, Łódź Voivodeship

Poręba is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żarnów, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Żarnów, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Opoczno, and 72 km (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
# Charles Bruton

Charles Lamb Bruton (6 April 1890 – 26 March 1969) was an English colonial administrator.

## Life

Born in Gloucester on 6 April 1890, he was the son of Henry William Bruton, and was educated at Radley College and Keble College, Oxford. He was then secretary to Luke Paget, Bishop of Stepney, in 1913–4.
Bruton was in Uganda as Assistant District Commissioner (1914), District Commissioner (1924), and Provincial Commissioner of the Eastern Province (1936). He was then in Swaziland from 1937 to 1942, as Resident Commissioner, and then served as Commissioner of the East African Refugee Administration, retiring in 1947. He later lived at Shiplake-on-Thames.
Bruton played for Gloucestershire in 1922.
# Salem Masadeh

Salem Masadeh (Arabic: سالم مساعده; 1929 or 1930 – 26 December 2024) was a Jordanian lawyer and government minister.

## Background

Masadeh completed his high school in Jordan and graduated from Damascus University in 1954 with a law degree. He died on 26 December 2024, at the age of 94.

## Career

Masadeh started his career as a judge in Jordan (1958–1970). He then became the governor of Amman and the deputy prime minister (1970–1972).
Masadeh served as Minister of Justice (1972–1974) in Ahmad Louzi's government, and in the following government he was minister of Finance (1974–1976). He then served briefly in Mudar Badran's first government. In the next three years, he worked in the private sector as a lawyer.
In 1979, Masadeh was asked to serve as the minister of Finance again. After prime minister Shareef Abed El Hameed Sharaf died three years later, Masadeh continued as the finance minister under Mudar's Badran's third administration until 1984.
Masadeh returned to the private sector for five years. In 1989, an economic crisis hit Jordan, after Zaid al-Rifai's government. Masadeh was called back into Zaid ibn Shaker's government as vice prime minister, and minister of Interior affairs. Eight months later, the prime minister resigned and Mudar Badran took office as the prime minister. Masadeh was assigned again as the vice Prime minister and minister of Interior Affairs for the last time.
After retiring from the government, Masadeh served as a member of the Jordanian Senate. He also became a board of trustees member of the Islamic Bank, Jordan Steel, and Yarmouk University.
# Georgia Tech Campus Recreation Center

The Georgia Tech Campus Recreation Center (abbreviated CRC, formerly known as the Georgia Tech Aquatic Center and the Georgia Tech Student Athletic Center) is part of the Georgia Tech campus.

## History

Georgia Tech's athletic center began at its current location in 1977 as the Student Athletic Center, or SAC. Later, Georgia Tech was chosen as the site of the 1996 Summer Olympics aquatic venue, and the Aquatic Center was constructed next to the SAC. The Aquatic Center cost $16.8 million, and featured competitions in swimming, synchronized swimming, diving, water polo, and the swimming segment of the modern pentathlon competition. The stadium had a capacity of 14,600 at the time. It also had a temporary pool for the water polo competitions seating 4,000.. After the games, it has been used as a recreational facility for Georgia Tech students and faculty. Initially an outdoor stadium with a roof to protect spectators and competitors from rain, the Aquatic Center was renovated between 2001 and 2003 to enclose the Center completely. The seating capacity was reduced to 1,950. Above the Olympic pool, an upper floor of multi-purpose courts was added by suspending it from the roof; this set a record for the world's largest suspended concrete structure. At this point it was renamed to the Campus Recreation Center, or CRC.
The SAC also had a smaller recreational pool outdoors, which was contained in a pressurized bubble. During the conversion to the CRC, the pool was redesigned to be larger, and was enclosed and fully connected to the rest of the facility.

## Technology

The roof over the competition pool is entirely covered in Georgia Tech Research Institute-designed solar panels, which produce electricity (up to 340 kilowatts, averaging about 400 megawatt-hours per year) to supplement the Georgia Tech power grid, and also heat pool water which is pumped through pipes in the roof.
The competition pool is configurable for any event, with a removable bulkhead in the middle of the pool, and a false bottom that can be used to adjust the depth and slope of the pool. In addition to the competition pool, the CRC's recreational pool has six recreational lap lanes, a current channel, and a 184-foot-long (56 m) water slide.
# Deputy Prime Minister of Uganda

The deputy prime minister of Uganda is a political position in the Cabinet of Uganda. Historically, several deputy prime ministers have served concurrently.

## Deputy Prime Ministers

* Eriya Kategaya, 1986-2003
* Abu Mayanja, 1986-1989
* Paul Ssemogerere, 1986-1995
* Moses Ali, ?-1989-1991
* Tom Butime, ?-1989-1991
* Abu Mayanja, 1991–1994
* Eric Adriko, 1994–1997
* Moses Ali, 1996–2006
* Paul Etiang, 1997–2001
* Tom Butime, 2000–2002
* James Wapakhabulo, 2001–2004
* Henry Kajura, 2002–2016
* Kirunda Kivejinja, 2006–2011
* Eriya Kategaya 2006–2013
* Moses Ali, since 2013
* Kirunda Kivejinja, 2016–2019
* Rebecca Kadaga, since 2021
* Lukia Isanga Nakadama, since 2021
# James Weatherhill

James Weatherhill (died 1702) was a privateer and pirate in the 1690s, and later a member of the Assembly of Antigua. He never stood trial for his piracy, though his actions were part of a series of accusations against Governor Codrington.

## History

Colonel James Weatherhill was granted a 350-acre property on Antigua in 1660. He became a privateer, commanding the Charles sloop during King William's War. In 1693 be captured a valuable Spanish merchant ship in violation of his privateering commission, its crew killed or "inhumanly abused." Local officials and the Captain of HMS Jersey traded with Weatherhill and harbored him until the coast was clear. Weatherhill arrogantly volunteered to be put on trial but the court refused to prosecute him. He subsequently served as a member of the Assembly from 1700 to 1701 before his death in 1702. Codrington was accused of collusion with the pirates and enabling black market trade with the French but was not charged.
Fellow privateer Thomas Lilly served under Weatherhill and was accused of piracy for continuing to attack French targets despite King William's War having ended. Like his mentor, he was never prosecuted.
# Samuel Vaughan Merrick

Samuel Vaughan Merrick (1801–1870) was a 19th-century American manufacturer, and the first president of the Pennsylvania Railroad.

## Biography

Born near Hallowell, Massachusetts (it became part of Maine in 1820) on May 4, 1801, Merrick left school in 1816 and moved to Philadelphia, where he worked for his merchant uncle John Vaughan. He subsequently studied engineering, and in 1824 founded, with scientist William Keating, The Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts, of which he was President from 1832 until 1854. He also established the firm of Merrick and Agnew, which manufactured fire engines.
He married Sarah Thomas on December 25, 1823 and they had one son.
In 1836, Merrick established the Southwark Iron Foundry, which became one of the most advanced manufacturing plants of its kind in this country. Operated by the firm of Merrick & Towne (later renamed Merrick & Sons), the foundry built the engines for the USS Mississippi.
Merrick took a deep interest in public affairs and was instrumental to the introduction of illuminating gas into Philadelphia, being the chairman of a Committee of the Common Council that reported on the benefits of gaslighting. He also served as the first president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, which he had advocated as a means to connect Philadelphia to the west, and was also president of the Sunbury and Erie Railroad (later part of the PRR) and the Catawissa Railroad (later part of the Reading Railroad). Merrick was a member of the American Philosophical Society from 1833 until his death.
Merrick maintained a residence in Haddon Township, New Jersey. He died in Philadelphia on August 18, 1870, and was interred at Laurel Hill Cemetery.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 4 Burgess & Kennedy (1949), p. 44.
* 1 2 3 Goodwin (1870).
* 1 2 3 The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography. Vol. XIII. James T. White & Company. 1906. pp. 333–334. Retrieved August 21, 2020 – via Google Books.
* ↑ Burgess & Kennedy (1949), p. 43.
* ↑ Churella (2013), p. 229.
* ↑ White-Grear, Sandra. "The Whitall-Van Sciver House" (PDF). Haddon Township Historical Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 21, 2012. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
* ↑ "Samuel V Merrick". remembermyjourney.com. webCemeteries. Retrieved January 4, 2025.
# Pavel Kasinets

Pavel Kasinets (Belarusian: Павел Касінец; Russian: Павел Косинец; born 27 January 1988) is a Belarusian former professional footballer.
# Prażmów, Łódź Voivodeship

Prażmów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Burzenin, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Burzenin, 15 km (9 mi) south of Sieradz, and 59 km (37 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Gianni Demadonna

Gianni Demadonna (born 14 June 1954) is a former Italian male long-distance runner who competed at five editions of the IAAF World Cross Country Championships (from 1977 to 1987). He also won a national championship at the senior level. He currently works as an athletics agent.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Time | Notes |
| 1987 | New York City Marathon | New York City | 2nd | Marathon | 2:11:53 | PB |