OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shahida Raza

Shahida Raza (Urdu: شاہدہ رضا; 1990s – 26 February 2023) was a Pakistani field hockey and football player known as "Chintu" by her teammates. She captained the national team in hockey, and had also represented Pakistan in football and martial arts. She died when a migrant boat sank off the coast of Italy on 26 February 2023.

## Early life and career

Raza, known by the nickname Chintu, was from the mountainous region of Quetta. She began her career in field hockey in 2007, and played on teams sponsored by the Army, the Water & Power Development Authority (WAPDA), and Pakistan Railways. She played for Pakistan in the 2009 Asian Hockey Federation U-18 Girls' Cup, and at senior level in the 2012 Asian Hockey Federation Cup. A half-back, she was captain of the national team. Domestically, she was on the WAPDA team that reached the finals of the 2012 Pakistan Hockey Federation U-21 Girls Cup.
Raza also played for Pakistan in football; domestically, she played for Balochistan United W.F.C., with whom as of November 2013 she had reached eight national championship finals.
She also competed nationally and internationally as a professional kickboxer and in wushu. In wushu she represented Pakistan at the 2016 3-Nations International Wushu Championship in Lahore, where she won gold, the 2016 West Asia Wushu Championship, where she won bronze, the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games, where she won bronze, and the 2019 South Asian Games, where she won silver.
Her sponsorships were terminated in the 2020s, during a severe economic crisis, leaving her jobless.

## Personal life and death

Raza was a member of the Hazara Shi'ite minority in Pakistan. Her son was partially paralysed by a stroke in infancy, after which her husband divorced her and she became a single mother. According to her family and a teammate, when her son was three, she travelled via Iran and Turkey seeking asylum in order to obtain medical treatment and a better future for him.
On February 26, 2023, four months after leaving Pakistan, Raza died in a boat accident off the southern coast of Italy, with at least 58 other migrants, including at least one other Pakistani. According to different sources, she was either 27 or 29 years old.

## Reactions

The Pakistan Hockey Federation expressed their condolences to Raza's family after her death was confirmed. The Chief Minister of Balochistan also paid tribute to her. The Italian Hockey Federation also expressed their condolences.
# Mieczysławów, Łódź Voivodeship

Mieczysławów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzyżanów, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) west of Krzyżanów, 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Kutno, and 44 km (27 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
The town was the site of a large armored battle during World War II, involving the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich and elements of Polish armored units.
# Diepoxybutane

Diepoxybutane (also known as butane diepoxide, butadiene diepoxide, or 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane) is an epoxide which is a colorless liquid at room temperature. Epoxides are very reactive due to ring strain and diepoxybutane contains two of these groups, so it is highly reactive, more than other ethers. It is hydrophilic, very flammable and easily ignited by heat or sparks.
Diepoxybutane is used as a chemical intermediate, as a cross-linking agent for polymers and textiles, and as a preservative.

## Structure, reactivity, synthesis

Diepoxybutane occurs as several enantiomers and a meso form.
Diepoxybutane polymerizes in the presence of catalysts or when heated. These polymerization reactions can be violent.

## Other Uses

In research diepoxybutane is used as a chemical intermediate, and in medicine for the diepoxybutane (DEB test) to screen for Fanconi anemia (FA) among patients with bone marrow failure syndromes.
Although many chemicals are capable of DNA crosslinking, the DEB test is used because it gives fewer false negatives and positives than other chemicals.

## Toxicity
### Effect on humans

Diepoxybutane irritates the nose, throat and lungs, causing coughing and shortness of breath. Skin exposure can cause chemical burns. Longer exposure periods can cause pulmonary edema, and damage to the liver and kidneys.

### Carcinogenicity

* IARC Carcinogen - Class 1: International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies chemicals as established human carcinogens.
* NTP Carcinogen - Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

### Effect on animals

It is experimentally shown that diepoxybutane can cause tumors in rodent species at several different tissue sites and by several different exposure routes. Dermal contact with diepoxybutane caused skin tumors in mice. Injection of diepoxybutane into mice and rats caused lung tumors. Furthermore, inhalation exposure to diepoxybutane caused benign Harderian-gland tumors in mice and also increased the size of benign or malignant tumors of the nasal cavity.
# One of Us, One of Them

"One of Us, One of Them" is the third episode of the third season of the NBC superhero drama series Heroes and thirty-seventh episode overall. It was written by Joe Pokaski and directed by Sergio Mimica-Gezzan. The episode aired on September 29, 2008.

## Plot

Tracy travels to New Orleans to learn more about Niki Sanders. At the funeral, she meets Niki's now-orphaned son Micah. Micah discovers that Tracy and Niki were born on the same day, in the same hospital and with the same doctor: a man named Zimmerman. Tracy leaves to meet Zimmerman and find out more about her origin.
Knox, Flint, and The German, rob a bank as Present Peter does his best to keep peace. When Bennet and Sylar arrive at the bank, Future Peter freezes time and leaves with Present Peter. Sylar uses his telekinesis to stop Knox from punching Bennet. Bennet arrests Flint and walks out of the bank. Sylar gives in to his "hunger" and locks all the doors so he can kill Jesse. Knox takes the opportunity to escape.
Hiro and Ando have a run-in with the Haitian while following Daphne. They knock the Haitian out and get the formula, but Daphne manages to steal it from them. Hiro and Ando are arrested and taken to Level 2 in the Company.
In Africa, Matt Parkman continues his visit with the strange native who has precognitive painting powers, similar to those of Isaac Mendez.
Tracy visits Zimmerman at his home in California, where he tells her he created her.

## Critical reception

Sean O'Neal of The A.V. Club rated this episode a D.
Robert Canning of IGN gave the episode 7.6 out of 10.
# Table tennis at the 2004 Summer Paralympics – Men's team – Class 1–2

The Men's Teams 1-2 table tennis competition at the 2004 Summer Paralympics was held from 23 to 27 September at the Galatsi Olympic Hall.
Classes 1-5 were for athletes with a physical impairment that affected their legs, who competed in a sitting position. The lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment was on an athlete’s ability to compete.
The event was won by the team representing South Korea.

## Results
### Preliminaries

* Qualified for final round

#### Group A

| Rank | Competitor | MP | W | L | Points | FRA | GER | AUT |
| 1 | France | 2 | 2 | 0 | 6:3 | x | 3:1 | 3:2 |
| 2 | Germany | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4:4 | 1:3 | x | 3:1 |
| 3 | Austria | 2 | 0 | 2 | 3:6 | 2:3 | 1:3 | x |

#### Group B

| Rank | Competitor | MP | W | L | Points | KOR | SVK | FIN | ARG |
| 1 | South Korea | 3 | 3 | 0 | 9:2 | x | 3:2 | 3:0 | 3:0 |
| 2 | Slovakia | 3 | 2 | 1 | 8:3 | 2:3 | x | 3:0 | 3:0 |
| 3 | Finland | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3:6 | 0:3 | 0:3 | x | 3:0 |
| 4 | Argentina | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0:9 | 0:3 | 0:3 | 0:3 | x |

### Competition bracket

| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| France | 1 |
| Slovakia | 3 | | |
| Slovakia | 3 | Slovakia | 1 |
| | | South Korea | 3 |
| Germany | 1 | South Korea | 3 |
| South Korea | 3 | | |
| South Korea | 3 | Third place | Third place |
| | | France | 2 |
| | | Germany | 3 |

## Team Lists

| France Vincent Boury Erwan Fouillen Marc Sorabella Stéphane Molliens | Germany Otto Vilsmaier Holger Nikelis Walter Kilger Thorsten Gruenkemeyer | Austria Rudolf Hajek Hans Ruep | South Korea Kim Gong Yong Kim Kyung Mook Kang Seong Hoon Lee Hae Gon |
| Slovakia Rastislav Revucky Jan Riapos | Finland Jari Kurkinen Matti Launonen | Argentina Jose Daniel Haylan Carlos Maslup |
# Deal Island Wildlife Management Area

Deal Island Wildlife Management Area protects 13,565 acres (54.90 km$^2$) in western Somerset County, Maryland near the community of Deal Island. As a wildlife management area, the area is managed by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources' Wildlife and Heritage Service to conserve wildlife populations and their habitats, while providing public recreational use of wildlife resources.
Deal Island WMA includes a 2,800-acre (11 km$^2$) man-made pond or "impoundment", and flat trails frequented by hiking and off-road cycling enthusiasts. Recreational activities include photography, fishing, small boating (canoe and kayak), birdwatching (waterfowl including uncommon duck species), hunting (geese and duck) and crabbing. According to the Maryland Ornithological Society, over 220 different species of birds have been seen within the area.
# New Hampton, New York

New Hampton is a hamlet in the Town of Wawayanda in Orange County, New York, United States. It is just outside the city of Middletown, across Interstate 84.
New Hampton extends from the northern part of Orange County's "Black Dirt Region" near Pine Island to NY 17M adjoining Middletown, New York.
# Parveen Amanullah

Parveen Amanullah (1958-1 October 2023) was an Indian social activist turned politician. She held the post of Minister of Social Welfare in the Government of Bihar led by Chief Minister Nitish Kumar from 2010 to 2014.

## Early life

Amanullah was the daughter of former Member of the Lok Sabha from Kishanganj Lok Sabha constituency, Syed Shahabuddin and the wife of senior Bihar cadre IAS officer Afzal Amanullah.

## Political career

Before entering politics she was known for her activism, especially in regard to her use of the Right to Information Act, 2005 to bring out the apathy prevalent in government institutions.
She was a member of the Aam Aadmi Party and had unsuccessfully contested the 2014 Indian general election against the BJP Member of Parliament Shatrughan Sinha from the Patna Sahib Lok Sabha constituency. She was elected as a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly in 2010 from the Sahebpur Kamal constituency in Begusarai district as a candidate of the Janata Dal (United) after defeating Rashtriya Janata Dal's Shreenarayan Yadav.
She became the Social Welfare minister of Bihar in Nitish Kumar's government and held the portfolio until February 2014 when she resigned from JD(U) citing "governance issues" and "lack of work satisfaction". She joined Arvind Kejriwal's Aam Aadmi Party two days later.
# Infernal Battles

Infernal Battles is the first album by the black metal band Deathspell Omega. It was released in 2000 by Northern Heritage Records in a limited run of 200 vinyl copies, then re-released in 2003 by the same label and in 2010 by End All Life Productions, both times on CD.
"Drink the Devil's Blood" was later reworked and re-recorded for their 2004 album Si monvmentvm reqvires, circvmspice. The album's second side, with tracks 5-8, is a full reissue of the band's demo Disciples of the Ultimate Void.
The band note in a 2019 interview that the only songs on which they had ever used a drum machine were the first four tracks of Infernal Battles. The last four, being a re-release of their demo, featured their original drummer.
# John Luttrell Murphy

John Luttrell Murphy (1842 – February 27, 1912) was a justice of the Territorial Montana Supreme Court from 1871 to 1872, appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant. The appointment led to controversy, and the following year Grant withdrew the appointment, although sources are unclear as to whether Murphy was recalled or allowed to resign.
Born in Knoxville, Tennessee, Murphy served in the Union Army during the American Civil War and obtained the rank of Major. In 1867, he passed the Tennessee Bar. Murphy was appointed Associate Justice of the Montana Territorial Supreme Court by President Ulysses S. Grant on February 4, 1871. He was recalled/resigned after much controversy on October 4, 1872 and replaced by Justice Servis. Murphy then opened a law practice in Bozeman, Montana, but soon thereafter moved to San Francisco, California. Murphy served as a federal prosecutor in San Francisco, and as the City and County Attorney in the 1880s.
Murphy's wife was named Viola. Murphy died in Knoxville at the age of 70.
# Australian Institute of Personal Trainers

The Australian Institute of Personal Trainers (AIPT – RTO 32363) is a privately owned registered training organisation (RTO) that offers health, wellness, and fitness qualifications both online and face to face.

## History

The Australian Institute of Personal Trainers was established in 2000 by Paul Timms. Registration requirements varied between states at the time, with just New South Wales providing recognition for personal trainers. The idea for AIPT came to Timms initially while living in Cairns, Queensland.
For the first five years, the AIPT offered a membership program to support independent personal trainers and gym owners. In 2006, it became an RTO and expanded throughout regional areas. The AIPT began to further expand via partnerships with major gym chains in 2011.
The AIPT now has over 150 campuses and mentors, with locations in Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth, Cairns, and the Gold Coast.

## News

* Vanessa Buckley was told by medical professionals that she'd likely be in a wheelchair by 21. She defied the odds in 2014 when she became a qualified personal trainer by studying with the AIPT at the age of 39.
* Deepak Raj is an Ironman coach certified by Ironman, Triathlon Australia, and the AIPT. In November 2018, Ironman announced that its 70.3 triathlon would be held in India for the first time following Deepak's support. He is also co-founder of Yoska Event Solutions, the local operator of the event.

## Personnel

Kevin Kalinko is the Director of the AIPT. Kalinko holds a bachelor's degree in commerce and a post-graduate diploma in applied finance and is a member of the Australian Institute of Company Directors.
Adam Woollard is the chief executive officer of the AIPT, having been promoted from Group Chief Financial Officer in May 2019. He is a member of CPA Australia and holds a Bachelor of Business and Accounting.
Trent West is the chief operations officer of the AIPT, having been promoted from National Operations Manager in October 2019.

## Major employment partners

The Australian Institute of Personal Trainers partners with health and fitness clubs in Australia including:
* Fitness First
* Genesis Fitness
* Goodlife Health Clubs
* Jetts Fitness
# Sethomo Lelatisitswe

Sethomo Lelatisitswe is a Botswanan politician and educator. He is the current Deputy Minister of Health in Botswana, having been appointed to the position in 2019 by the current president of Botswana, Mokgweetsi Masisi. His term began on 13 February 2022.
# Luis Longstaff

Luis James Longstaff (born 24 February 2001) is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for Scottish League One side Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

## Career

Longstaff made his professional debut for Liverpool on 17 December 2019, starting in the away match against Aston Villa in the quarter-finals of the EFL Cup.
On 31 August 2021, he joined Scottish third tier side Queen's Park on loan until 30 June 2022.
In June 2022 it was announced by Liverpool that he would leave the club at the end of the month when his contract expired.
On 4 August 2022, he joined Scottish Championship side Cove Rangers. After one season with Cove, Longstaff signed a two-year contract with Inverness Caledonian Thistle in July 2023.

## Personal life

Although of a similar age and originating from the north-east of England, he is not related to fellow players Sean and Matty Longstaff.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 14 January 2023
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Europe | Europe | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Liverpool | 2019–20 | Premier League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Queen's Park | 2021–22 | Scottish League One | 28 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 | 31 | 0 |
| Cove Rangers | 2022–23 | Scottish Championship | 18 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| Total | Total | Total | 46 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 32 | 0 |
* ↑ Appearance(s) in 2021-22 Scottish Challenge Cup
* ↑ Appearance(s) in 2022-23 Scottish Challenge Cup

## Honours

Liverpool
* FA Youth Cup: 2018–19
# Ikhlaspur

Ikhlaspur is a large village in Bhabua block of Kaimur district, Bihar, India. As of 2011, its population was 11,820, in 2,042 households. It covers an area of 439 hectares, of which 401.7 were used for farmland.

## History

Akhlash pur, was originally established by Akhlash Khan a Jagirdar of the Pargana and Subahdar of Bihar during Jahangir &Shahjahan, He appointed Malik Wishal Khan of, Chainpur as the Faujdar of Rohtas garh, fort, where as he was a Kiladar. The place, was originally a garh of Sakarwar Rajput who were the descendants of Diwan Rao of Gahmar a son of, Raja Dham Dev Rao, a Sakarwar ruler, who's family came in the vicinity of Ghazipur and Kaimur during, 1530, as their kingdoms where attacked by, Babur. Diwan Rao's descendants established the old city of Bhabua, while Akhlash Khan, a native and friend of their family established the village of Akhlashpur during the rule of Shahjahan, while many of his descendants established the nearby village of Sighthi. Akhlash Khan's family had good relations with the zamindar families of Chainpur, Bhabua, and Dildarnagar Kamsar, leading to many of their descendants settling in Akhlashpur.
# 1926 in Italy

Events from the year 1926 in Italy.

## Kingdom of Italy

* Monarch – Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946)
* Prime Minister – Benito Mussolini

## Events

* 7 April – Fascist leader Benito Mussolini survives an attempt on his life by the Irishwoman Violet Gibson.
* 1 August: the football team is founded SSC Napoli, the team is all today one of the best in Italy, with 2 league titles, 4 Italian cups, 2 Italian super cups, and an uefa cup, also from 1984 to 1991 it was the team of Diego Armando Maradona.
* 5 September – The Italian Grand Prix is held at Monza and won by Louis Charavel.
* 19 September – The Giuseppe Meazza (San Siro) Stadium is officially opened in Milan.

## Births

* 1 January – Claudio Villa, singer (died 1987)
* 8 January – Lazzaro Donati, artist (died 1977)
* 26 January – Franco Evangelisti, composer (died 1980)
* 23 February – Luigi De Magistris, cardinal (died 2022)
* 26 March – Aldo Tarlao, Olympic rower (died 2018)10
* 10 May – Pasquale Panìco, politician (died 2018)
* 14 August – Agostino Cacciavillan, cardinal
* 14 August – Giorgio Ruffolo, politician (died 2023)
* 18 August – Franca Marzi, film actress (died 1989)
* 2 September – Armando Cossutta, communist politician (died 2015)
* 18 September – Franco Archibugi, political economist (died 2020)
* 21 September – Carla Calò, actress (died 2019)
* 7 October – Marcello Abbado, composer and pianist (died 2020)
* 25 November – Ivano Fontana, boxer (died 1993)

## Deaths

* 4 January – Margherita of Savoy, Queen consort of Italy (b. 1851)
# Split hand syndrome

In medicine, split hand syndrome is a neurological syndrome in which the hand muscles on the side of the thumb (lateral, thenar eminence) appear wasted, whereas the muscles on the side of the little finger (medial, hypothenar eminence) are spared. Anatomically, the abductor pollicis brevis and first dorsal interosseous muscle are more wasted than the abductor digiti minimi.
If lesions affecting the branches of the ulnar nerve that run to the wasted muscles are excluded, the lesion is almost sure to be located in the anterior horn of the spinal cord at the C8-T1 level. It has been proposed as a relatively specific sign for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease). It can also occur in other disorders affecting the anterior horn, such as spinal muscular atrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, poliomyelitis and progressive muscular atrophy. A slow onset and a lack of pain or sensorial symptoms are arguments against a lesion of the spinal root or plexus brachialis. To an extent, these features can also be seen in normal aging (although technically, the apparent muscle wasting is sarcopenia rather than atrophy).
The term split hand syndrome was first coined in 1994 by a researcher from the Cleveland Clinic called Asa J. Wilbourn.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 Kuwabara S, Sonoo M, Komori T, et al. (April 2008). "Dissociated small hand muscle atrophy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: frequency, extent, and specificity". Muscle Nerve. 37 (4): 426–30. doi:10.1002/mus.20949. PMID 18236469. S2CID 18500530.
* 1 2 Split hand syndrome. Stedman's Medical Dictionary. Retrieved August 13, 2008.
* ↑ Kuwabara S, Mizobuchi K, Ogawara K, Hattori T (July 1999). "Dissociated small hand muscle involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis detected by motor unit number estimates". Muscle Nerve. 22 (7): 870–3. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199907)22:7<870::AID-MUS9>3.0.CO;2-O. PMID 10398204. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05.
* 1 2 Schelhaas HJ, van de Warrenburg BP, Kremer HP, Zwarts MJ (December 2003). "The "split hand" phenomenon: evidence of a spinal origin". Neurology. 61 (11): 1619–20. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000096009.50213.6c. PMID 14663056. S2CID 39361741.
* ↑ Voermans NC, Schelhaas HJ, Munneke M, Zwarts MJ (December 2006). "Dissociated small hand muscle atrophy in aging: the 'senile hand' is a split hand". Eur J Neurol. 13 (12): 1381–4. doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01477.x. PMID 17116225. S2CID 26868415.
* ↑ Wilbourn AJ, Sweeney PJ (1994). "Dissociated wasting of medial and lateral hand muscles with motor neuron disease". Can J Neurol Sci. 21 (S2): S9.
* ↑ Wilbourn AJ (January 2000). "The "split hand syndrome"". Muscle Nerve. 23 (1): 138. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(200001)23:1<138::AID-MUS22>3.0.CO;2-7. PMID 10590421.
# Potential renal acid load

Potential renal acid load (PRAL) is a measure of the acid that the body produces after ingesting a food. This is different from pH, which is the acidity of a food before being consumed. PRAL is a different acidity measure than the food ash measurement.
Some acidic foods actually have a negative PRAL measurement, meaning they reduce acidity in the stomach.
A low PRAL diet (not to be confused with an alkaline diet) can lower acidity in the stomach, which can be helpful for people suffering GERD or Acid Reflux. However, it does not lower the pH of blood and therefore cannot treat osteoporosis or other conditions.
# HD 4628

HD 4628 (96 G. Piscium) is a main sequence star in the equatorial constellation of Pisces. It has a spectral classification of K2.5 V and an effective temperature of 5,055 K, giving it an orange-red hue with a slightly smaller mass and girth than the Sun. HD 4628 lies at a distance of approximately 24.3 light years from the Sun based on parallax. The apparent magnitude of 5.7 is just sufficient for this star to be viewed with the unaided eye. The star appears to be slightly older than the Sun—approximately 5.4 billion years in age. The surface activity is low and, based upon the detection of UV emission, it may have a relatively cool corona with a temperature of one million K.
The star has a relatively high proper motion of 1.4″ per year and is moving in our general direction with a radial velocity of −10.4 km/s. HD 4628 will make its closest approach to the Sun in about 32,000 years, when it comes within 20 ly (7.3 pc). No definitive companion has yet been found in orbit around this star. In 1958 it was thought to have stellar companion that was also a flare star, but this was subsequently disproved.