OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Madaya, Syria

Madaya (Arabic: مضايا, romanized: Maḍāyā) is a small mountainous town in Syria, located at an altitude of around 1,300 metres (4,300 ft). It is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Damascus in the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Madaya had a population of 9,371 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims. Madaya is an important summer resort in Syria, along with the nearby cities of Zabadani and Bloudan. The town's population is estimated at 15,000 in 2015.
The town's farms are famous for growing apples, cherries, and peaches, and the Barada River passes through it. It also has a number of springs and eyes that supply the town's needs, such as the Kawthar Spring and Ain Mayseh, which has made it a destination for many tourists coming from Damascus or from outside the country.

## Etymology

J. E. Hanauer said the name "Madaya" should be compared to the Greek mythological figure Medea.

## History

J. E. Hanauer visited Madaya around 1909. He saw villagers preparing for winter by drying tomatoes and wheat to make bulgur, and feeding sheep with leaves before slaughtering them for preservation as "kawarma".

### Syrian civil war (2015–2017)

Since July 2015, the town has been besieged by a combination of Syrian forces loyal to the Syrian president Bashar al-Assad and the allied Lebanese militia Hezbollah. In December 2015, Doctors Without Borders reported that 23 people had died of starvation after a total blockade prevented any food or humanitarian aid to enter since 18 October. United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon expressed alarm at the situation in Madaya as well as in other besieged areas in Syria, and warned that the use of starvation as weapon during conflict is a war crime.
On 7 January 2016, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs issued a statement calling for unimpeded access to deliver emergency assistance to Madaya, Al-Fu'ah and Kafriya. Amid calls from United Nations officials and dozens of humanitarian organizations to intervene, the United Nations negotiated a deal between the Syrian government and rebels holding the town to allow for the delivery of humanitarian aid, which was carried out on 11 January 2016.
On 14 April 2017, the 2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement was implemented, and 60 buses transported 2,350 people, including 400 rebels, from Madaya and Zabadani to Idlib.

### Rehabilitation (2017–present)

In 2017, thousands of residents returned to the town after the reconciliation was completed, as all roads were opened, which facilitated the entry of technical and service workshops to the area.
Local council began cleaning and restoring the paths, especially the tourist facilities, in addition to the return of electricity to the town. Madaya also returned as a tourist site for thousands of visitors, and the shops and the famous market were opened.
# Allan Bunting

Allan Bunting (born 11 February 1975) is a New Zealand rugby union and sevens coach. He previously coached the Black Ferns sevens and was the inaugural head coach of the Chiefs Manawa in the Super Rugby Aupiki competition. He was appointed as the Black Ferns fifteens coach in February 2023.

## Playing career

Between 1999 and 2009 Bunting played for the New Zealand sevens team, the Chiefs, the Bay of Plenty Steamers and Tokyo Gas.

## Coaching career

Bunting was the assistant coach for the Black Ferns Sevens from 2012 to 2016. He has also been the skills coach for the All Blacks Sevens and assistant coach for the Wellington Lions Sevens.
Bunting replaced Sean Horan as head coach of the New Zealand women's sevens team after the 2016 Summer Olympics. After taking leave in 2019, he returned and co-coached the team with Cory Sweeney until the Tokyo Olympics. They won gold after defeating France in the Gold medal final. Bunting stepped down as co-coach after the Olympics and was later appointed as Chiefs Manawa head coach.
In February 2023, Bunting was appointed as the Black Ferns coach through to the 2025 Rugby World Cup in England. He replaced Wayne Smith as the Black Ferns Director of Rugby.
# Hayek Lecture

The Hayek Lecture is hosted annually by the Institute of Economic Affairs in memory of Nobel Prize-winning economist Friedrich Hayek.
The first Annual Hayek Memorial Lecture was delivered by Jeffrey Sachs of Harvard University in June 1992. The lecture has been delivered by speakers ranging from academics to religious leaders, from politicians to historians. Subjects have included immigration, private education in the developing world, the economic relationship between China and Europe, and the future of capitalism.

## Speakers

* 1992 – Jeffrey Sachs, director, Earth Institute, Columbia University
* 1993 – Michael Novak, director of social and political studies, American Enterprise Institute
* 1994 – Peter Sutherland, businessman and former attorney general of Ireland
* 1995 – The Rt Hon Francis Maude MP, minister for the Cabinet Office and Paymaster General
* 1996 – Dr Donald Brash, former governor, Reserve Bank of New Zealand
* 1997 – Dr Vaclav Klaus, president, Czech Republic
* 1998 – Baron Jonathan Sacks, chief rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth
* 1999 – Professor Otmar Issing, former member of the executive board of the European Central Bank
* 2000 – Dr Benno Schmidt, Edison Schools
* 2001 – Charles Calomiris, Henry Kaufman Professor of Financial Institutions, Columbia Business School
* 2002 – Hernando de Soto, president, of the Institute for Liberty and Democracy
* 2003 – Bill Emmott, former editor-in-chief, The Economist
* 2004 – Martin Wolf, associate editor and chief economics commentator at the Financial Times
* 2005 – Andrew Neil, journalist and broadcaster
* 2006 – The Hon Gale Norton, US Interior Secretary 2001-2006
* 2007 – Terence Kealey, professor of clinical biochemistry, University of Buckingham
* 2008 – Paul Johnson, writer and historian
* 2009 – James Tooley, professor of education policy at Newcastle University
* 2010 – Professor Gary Becker, economist and Nobel laureate
* 2011 – Robert Barro of Harvard University. Considered one of the founders of new classical macroeconomic, Barro is the current Paul M. Warburg Professor of Economics at Harvard
* 2012 – Elinor Ostrom, professor of political science, Indiana University, 2009 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics laureate
* 2013 – Grover Norquist, president of Americans for Tax Reform (ATR), co-founder of the Islamic Free Market Institute
* 2014 – John B. Taylor, Mary and Robert Raymond Professor of Economics at Stanford University and the George P. Shultz Senior Fellow in Economics at the Hoover Institution.
* 2015 – William Easterly, professor of economics, New York University.
* 2016 – George Selgin, professor emeritus of economics, University of Georgia
* 2017 – Steven Landsburg, professor of economics, University of Rochester
* 2018 – Matt Ridley, author, journalist and businessman
* 2019 – Bryan Caplan, professor of economics, George Mason University
* 2020 – Stephen Davies, economic historian, author
* 2021 – Thomas Sowell, economist
* 2022 – Joseph Henrich, professor of evolutionary biology, Harvard University
* 2023 – Edward Chancellor, financial historian
# Braunsia (wasp)

Braunsia is a genus of insects belonging to the family Braconidae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe, Far East, Africa and Australia.
It contains 70 species:
* Braunsia analis Kriechbaumer, 1894
* Braunsia angulosa Bhat & Gupta, 1977
* Braunsia bicolorata van Achterberg & Long, 2010
* Braunsia devriesivan Achterberg & Long, 2010
* Braunsia fumipennis (Cameron, 1899)
* Braunsia guangdongensis Tang, van Achterberg & Chen, 2017
* Braunsia maculiferavan Achterberg & Long, 2010
* Braunsia nigrapiculatavan Achterberg & Long, 2010
* Braunsia pilosa Belokobylskij, 1986
* Braunsia postfurcalis Watanabe, 1937
* Braunsia shenyangensis Tang, van Achterberg & Chen, 2017
* Braunsia smithii (Dalla Torre, 1898)
* Braunsia pumaticavan Achterberg & Long, 2010
# 2011 Fianna Fáil leadership election

The 2011 Fianna Fáil leadership election was called by party leader Brian Cowen on 22 January 2011, when he announced that he was resigning as president and leader of the party. He remained as Taoiseach until after the 2011 general election.
The deadline for nominations closed at 1 p.m. on 24 January, and the new leader was elected at a special Fianna Fáil parliamentary party meeting on 26 January. Micheál Martin was elected as the party's eighth leader.

## Candidates
### Standing

* Mary Hanafin – Minister for Tourism, Culture and Sport and Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Innovation
* Brian Lenihan Jnr – Minister for Finance
* Micheál Martin – Former Minister for Foreign Affairs
* Éamon Ó Cuív – Minister for Social Protection, Minister for Defence and Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government

### Declined to stand

* Conor Lenihan – Minister of State for Science, Technology, Innovation and Natural Resources

## Results

Election: 26 January 2011 :
| Candidate | 1st count | 2nd count | 3rd count |
| Micheál Martin | 33 | 36 | 50 |
| Éamon Ó Cuív | 15 | 18 | 22 |
| Brian Lenihan Jnr | 14 | 18 | – |
| Mary Hanafin | 10 | – | – |
| Result: Micheál Martin elected leader. ||||
Only TDs who were members of the Fianna Fáil parliamentary party were eligible to vote. Jimmy Devins rejoined the parliamentary party on 25 January, a day before the leadership election, bringing the total number of eligible voters to 72.
RTÉ News reported that Martin had received 33 first preference votes, compared to Ó Cuív's 15, Lenihan's 14 and Hanafin's 10; it added that the election ended on the third count, with Ó Cuív the runner-up. When Hanafin had been eliminated and her votes redistributed, Ó Cuív and Lenihan were equal on 18 votes each; Lenihan was then eliminated, having received fewer first preferences.
# Malaysia Federal Route 203

Federal Route 203, or Jalan Ayer Lanas-Legeh-Sungai Satan, is a federal road in Kelantan, Malaysia.

## Features

At most sections, the Federal Route 203 was built under the JKR R3 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 60 km/h.

## List of junctions and towns

| Junctions | To | Remarks |
| Ayer Lanas | Northeast FT 4 AH140 Bukit Bunga FT 4 AH140 Tanah Merah FT 4 AH140 Machang FT 8 Kota Bharu FT 3 AH18 Kuala Terengganu Southwest FT 4 AH140 Gerik FT 4 AH140 Jeli | T-junctions |
| Ayer Lanas | | |
| RPK Kampung Kolam Ikan | | |
| Legeh | East FT 198 Jedok FT 198 Air Canal | T-junctions |
| Sungai Satan | Southwest FT 202 Lakota FT 202 Jeli East FT 202 Air Canal | T-junctions |
# Steve Hackney

Stephen Thomas Hackney (born 13 June 1968) is an English former rugby union player. A wing he played in England's top division of domestic rugby union for Nottingham and Leicester Tigers, and also played in the second division for Moseley and Waterloo.
He played for England A in 1993, scoring four tries in a match against Spain and played for England 7s in the 1995 Hong Kong Sevens tournament. He started in the 1997 Heineken Cup Final for Leicester Tigers.

## Career

Hackney joined Nottingham in 1988 after developing a good reputation in university rugby playing for Loughborough Students. He played three seasons in England's top division before moving to fellow midlands side Leicester.
Hackney made his Leicester debut on 14 August 1991 against Edmonton during the club's 1991 pre-season tour to Canada. A productive first season saw Hackney top try scorer with 18 tries in 23 appearances, despite competition from Rory Underwood (England's record scorer) and his brother Tony Underwood. Hackney was top try scorer again in the 1992–93 season with 14 tries in 18 games, though the Underwood brothers were preferred for the 1993 Pilkington Cup Final, and again in the 1994–95 season with 8 tries in 16 games. He played in 11 of 18 league games, scoring 5 tries as Leicester won the 1994-95 Courage League title.
In 1995-96 Hackney played 33 of 37 games for Leicester, the most of any player that season, and was again top try scorer with 18. He played in his first Twickenham cup final as Leicester lost the 1996 Pilkington Cup Final to Bath, 16–15. During the 1996–97 season Leicester participated in the Heineken Cup, a European competition, for the first time. Hackney scored against the Scottish Borders in pool play and then opened the scoring in the semi-final with a 7th minute try against Stade Toulousain. He started in the 1997 Heineken Cup Final against CA Brive, though Tigers lost 28–9. Hackney played 36 of 46 games during the season, the most of any player, and scored 15 tries second only to Rory Underwood. Despite his regular appearances and scoring record his final Tigers appearance was on 26 April 1997 in a 13–12 defeat to Harlequins at Welford Road.
He moved to Moseley in the second division (styled Premiership 2 that season) for the 1997–98 season but featured in only 5 games before moving mid-season to fellow second division side Waterloo for the remained of the season and the following campaign.

## Sources

* Farmer, Stuart; Hands, David (2014). Tigers - Official history of Leicester Football Club. The Rugby Development Foundation. ISBN 978-0-9930213-0-5.
# Chamsangar Rural District

Chamsangar Rural District (Persian: دهستان چم سنگر) is in Papi District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Istgah-e Chamsangar.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 2,520 in 455 households. There were 1,942 inhabitants in 418 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 1,675 in 439 households. The most populous of its 45 villages was Istgah-e Chamsangar, with 421 people.
# Əniq

Əniq (also, Anykh) is a village and municipality in the Qusar Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 2,129.
# Aaron Thompson (politician)

Aaron Benjamin Thompson (born May 31, 1991) is an American politician who has served as a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives since January 2025. He represents the 98th district, which includes Greenup County and part of Boyd.

## Political career

Thompson was elected in the 2024 Kentucky House of Representatives election following the retirement of incumbent representative Danny Bentley. He received 71.9 percent of the vote, defeating Democratic candidate Tammie Womack.

## Electoral history
### 2024

2024 Kentucky House of Representatives 98th district election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Aaron Thompson | 15,561 | 71.9 |
| | Democratic | Tammie Womack | 6,087 | 28.1 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 21,648 | 100.0 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |
# Bala, Senegal

Bala is a town in Tambacounda Region, eastern Senegal. It has a station on the main line of the Dakar–Niger Railway.
# Arnah

Arnah (Arabic: عرنة) is a Syrian village in the Qatana District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Arnah had a population of 3,146 at the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze.

## History

In 1838, Eli Smith noted Arnah's population as Druze and Orthodox Christians.
# Tsentralna (Dnipro Metro)

Tsentralna (Ukrainian: Центральна) is a station currently under construction on the Dnipro Metro's Tsentralno–Zavodska Line.

## History

The station was already envisioned in the 1980 official planning of the city's metro lines (the station was to be named "Ploshcha Lenina"). It was originally scheduled to be opened in 1993 as Ploshcha Lenina (Ukrainian: Площа Леніна), the station's construction was delayed significantly after the fall of the Soviet Union. Budget issues and economic instability in Ukraine further delayed the station's opening.
As an expansion of the current Dnipro Metro the station was projected to be opened by 2015. But construction was stopped because the tender to select the contractor was stopped by the city council in August 2015. Works are formally restarted in January 2017 and currently works are concentrated around future escalator shaft.
Deputy Mayor of Dnipro Mykhailo Lysenko stated in December 2020 that the station was estimated to be opened in 2024.
The February 2022 full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine stopped all work on the expansion of Dnipro metro.
The station is located deep underground in the center of Dnipro, and will be located in between the Teatralna and Muzeina stations, both of which are also under construction. It is not known what final form the station will take on; whether it will be a deep column or a single-vault station.
It is projected that when a second metro line will be added to the system, Tsentralna will serve as a transfer station to the future second line's "Yevropeiska Ploshcha" station.

## Progress

* 23 January 2017
* 27 January 2017
* 30 January 2017
* 2 February 2017
* 5 February 2017
* 1 March 2017
# Tough Love: Co-Ed

Tough Love: Co-Ed (season 6) is the sixth season of the American reality television series Tough Love, which first aired on VH1. The show features four men and four women seeking relationship advice from the host and matchmaker, Steven Ward, and his sister Monica Ward, both of the Philadelphia-based Master Matchmakers.

## Boot Campers

| Name | Title |
| Christopher Guerrini | Mr. Peter Pan |
| Judy Nash | Miss Shut Down |
| Kris Cottrell | Mr. Me, Myself, and I |
| Kyle Keller | Miss Disconnected |
| Paj Mohager | Mr. Superficial |
| Porsche Abraham | Miss High Maintenance |
| Sariya Jones | Miss Cursed |
| Stu Jacobson | Mr. Player |
# Rafael de Miguel González

Rafael de Miguel González (born 1971) is a Spanish geographer and professor at the University of Zaragoza. He specialises in geography education and has also conducted research in urban geography, urban and regional planning, and geopolitics.
Miguel was born in Zaragoza in 1971. He studied geography and history at the University of Zaragoza and urban planning at Nancy-Université and the Paris School of Urban Planning. He obtained his doctorate at the University of Paris. He is the president of the European Association of Geographers, a member of the board of the Real Sociedad Geográfica [es], and a fellow of the Academia Europaea and the Real Academia de Nobles y Bellas Artes de San Luis de Zaragoza. He was an educational advisor to the government of Aragon from 1995 to 1999.
# Deniz Sığa

Deniz Sığa (born 1 February 1989) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a forward for OSC Bremerhaven.
# Helconinae

Helconinae is a subfamily of braconid wasps in the family Braconidae.

## Taxonomy and phylogeny

Helconinae has historically been a large subfamily of 4 tribes comprising about 40 genera. Following many changes to classification and included groups over the years, only one of these original tribes, Helconini, remains. Cenocoeliini was split into a new subfamily, Cenocoeliinae, by van Achterberg in 1984. Then, the tribes Brachistini and Diospilini were split into another new subfamily, Brachistinae, by Sharanowski et al. in 2011. The remaining Helconini comprise about 12 genera. The Helconini subtribe Vervootihelconina was since elevated to tribal status as Vervootihelconini. The enigmatic Ussurohelconini, previously transferred to Cenocoeliinae, was again recovered as a tribe of Helconinae.

## Genera

The following genera belong to the subfamily Helconinae:

### Tribe Helconini Förster, 1863

* Acarohelcon van Achterberg et Chen, 2017
* Austrohelcon Turner, 1918
* Calohelcon Turner, 1918
* Eumacrocentrus Ashmead, 1900
* Helcon Nees von Esenbeck, 1812
* Mangshia van Achterberg & Chen, 2004
* Parahelcon Kokujew, 1901
* Trichiohelcon Turuer, 1918
* Wroughtonia Cameron, 1899

### Tribe Ussurohelconini van Achterberg, 1994

* Ussurohelcon Belokobylskij, 1989

### Tribe Vervoortihelconini van Achterberg, 1997

* Vervoortihelcon van Achterberg, 1998
# Ectoedemia atricollis

Ectoedemia atricollis is a moth of the family Nepticulidae found in Asia and Europe. It was described by the English entomologist Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1857.

## Description

The wingspan is 5–6 mm. Adults are on wing in June.Edward Meyrick describes it thus − Head ferruginous-orange, collar dark brown. Antennal eyecaps white. Forewings black a shining silvery sometimes interrupted fascia slightly beyond middle; outer half of cilia beyond a black line white. Hindwings grey. Larvae pale greenish; head and plate of 2 blackish.
The larvae feed on Midland hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata), hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), apple (Malus domestica), European crab apple (Malus sylvestris), medlar (Mespilus germanica), common pear (Pyrus communis), wild cherry (Prunus avium), cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera), damson (Prunus insititia), mahaleb cherry (Prunus mahaleb) and European bladdernut (Staphylea pinnata). They mine the leaves of their host plant.

## Distribution

It is found from Scandinavia to the Pyrenees, Italy, and Romania and from Ireland to Ukraine and the Volga and Ural regions of Russia. It has also been recorded from Tajikistan, where it is probably an introduced species.

## Gallery

* Mines on apple (Malus species)
* Mines on apple
* Larva
* Imago

## Etymology

Originally named Nepticula atricollis by Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1857, from a type species found in England. Nepticula – from neptis, a granddaughter, potentially the smallest member of a family and referring to the very small size of the moths. The genus Ectoedemia was raised by the Danish-American entomologist August Busck in 1907. The name is from the Greek ektos – outside, and oidema – a tumour or swelling, from the larval feeding habits of the type species, Ectoedemia populella, which form gobular galls on the petioles of various poplar species. The species name atricollis is from ater – black, and collum – the neck; referring to the larva's black prothoracic plate (see photograph above).
# Bambadinka

Bambadinka is a settlement in Senegal.