OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 495

Year 495 (CDXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Viator without colleague (or, less frequently, year 1248 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 495 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Britannia

* Cerdic of Wessex and his son, Cynric, land somewhere on the south coast, probably near the Hampshire-Dorset border. Their followers establish the beginnings of the Kingdom of Wessex.

#### China

* Emperor Xiao Wen Di of Northern Wei builds the Shaolin Monastery in Henan for the monk Batuo (for alternate founding date see 477 or 497).

### By topic
#### Religion

* Pope Gelasius I gains support from Italian bishops, in his assertion that the spiritual power of the papacy is superior to the emperor's temporal authority. Like his predecessors, the pope opposes the Byzantine emperor Anastasius I's efforts to establish Miaphysite doctrine.

## Births

* Queen Amalasuintha of the Ostrogoths (approximate date)
* King Chlodomer of the Franks (d. 524)
* Finnian of Movilla, Irish bishop (d. 589)
* Guntheuc, queen of Burgundy and the Franks (d. c. 532)
* Husi Chun, general of Northern Wei (d. 537)
* King Theudebert I of Austrasia (approximate date)

## Deaths

* Fráech mac Finchada, king of Leinster
# Un grand sommeil noir

Un grand sommeil noir (French: A Deep Black Sleep) is the earliest surviving composition by French composer Edgard Varèse. Written for voice and piano, the piece was finished in 1906 or before, more than a decade earlier than the next surviving composition, Amériques.

## Background

This short composition was written while Varèse was still a student in Charles-Marie Widor's composition class at the Conservatoire de Paris. It is a setting of an eponymous poem by Paul Verlaine. It was presumably finished around 1906, although the precise date of completion is hard to ascertain. Dedicated to Léon Claude Mercerot, it was published in 1906 by Benjamin Roudanez and later republished by Éditions Salabert in 1973.

## Structure

Un grand sommeil noir is scored for an unspecified voice and piano, although it is usually sung by a soprano. A typical performance has an approximate duration of around three minutes. It is in the key of E-flat minor and has an unchanging time signature of $^4$ $_4$. Consisting of only 34 bars, it is a rather conventional composition by Varèse, who later became known for being a leading avant-garde figure. The score is marked Modérément lent ("moderately slowly") and, aside from other expression indications, it presents no tempo changes. Just like the original poem which expresses ideas of despair, solitude and the longing for release, the piece is itself somber and melancholic. It is generally a piece with delicate dynamic shading, never using a forte and with very little dynamic variation.

## Arrangement

Musicologist Antony Beaumont wrote an arrangement of the piece in 1996. The arrangement, written for soprano and orchestra, was commissioned by Riccardo Chailly and the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra. It was performed directly for a recording with the commissioners of the piece taken in May 1998 and featured soprano Mireille Delunsch. The recording was later released by Decca Records.

## Recordings

| Voice | Piano | Date of recording | Place of recording | Label | First release | Format |
| Mireille Delunsch | François Kerdoncuff | May 1998 | Concertgebouw, Amsterdam | Decca | July 1998 | CD |
| Elizabeth Watts | Christopher Lyndon-Gee | November 2005 | Grzegorz Fitelberg Concert Hall, Katowice | Naxos | May 2008 | CD |
# Consulate General of Japan, Honolulu

Japanese Consulate-General, Honolulu (在ホノルル日本国総領事館, Zai Honoruru Nippon-koku Sōryōjikan) is Japan's diplomatic facility in the City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii, United States. The facility is located at 1742 Nuuanu Avenue. The facility's jurisdiction includes Hawaii and American Samoa.
As of January 2024 the Consul General is Yoshinori Kodama.

## History

In 1885 Japan's first consular facility, Consular Office of Japan, opened within the Royal Hawaiian Hotel; as of 2008 the facility now houses the Hawaii State Art Museum. The Japanese government upgraded the facility to a consulate-general on November 17 of that year. On February 14, 1886, Taro Ando, a gannenmono who had become Japan's first consul general in the Kingdom of Hawaii, purchased land from Judge M.A. Austin; Ando opened the Japanese consulate on the parcel at the intersection of Nuuanu Street and Kuakini Street; the facility included the residence and the business office.
In 1908 the consulate purchased a building at the intersection of Beretania Street and Fort Street. The three-story stone office building became the consulate-general facility while the original building at the intersection of Nuuanu Street and Kuakini Street became the residence of the consul general. The consulate sold the building in 1913, and as of 2008 the building houses classrooms for Hawaii Pacific University. The consulate bought a property neighboring the Beretania and Fort building from Mrs. Judd. The 13,400-square-foot (1,240 m$^2$) grounds included a new consul general residence and office space. Around 1920 the two-story wood main building, located in a well-to-do neighborhood, had a gold imperial chrysanthemum crest in the front.
When the United States joined World War II, the government placed the consulate staff under house arrest; Swedish Vice Consul, Gustaf Olsen, occupied Japanese consulate and provided services for Japanese residents in March 1942; many of the Japanese served by the Honolulu consulate found their primary income members placed under internment. The normal operation of the consulate was re-established after the signing of the San Francisco Peace Treaty became effective on April 28, 1952. Since then the consulate served business and tourist traffic from its home country.
# Ally Scott

Ally Scott (born 26 August 1950, in Glasgow) is a Scottish former professional football player who is best known for his time with Rangers and Hibernian.
Scott began his career at Queen's Park before being signed by Rangers in 1973. He left Rangers three seasons later to join Hibernian. Afterwards, Scott had spells with Morton, Partick Thistle, Queen of the South, East Stirlingshire.
# Ayman Ftayni

Ayman Ftayni (Arabic: ايمن فتيني; born 27 December 1994 in Riyadh) is a Saudi football player who currently plays as a midfielder for Mudhar.
# Daesh (disambiguation)

Daesh is the Arabic acronym for the Islamic State, a Salafi jihadist terrorist and militant group.
Daesh may also refer to:
# Shearman Haslip

Shearman Montague Haslip (13 May 1897 – 4 July 1968) was an English first-class cricketer active 1919–20 who played for Middlesex and Marylebone Cricket Club. He was born in Twickenham; died in Weymouth.
# Artaxias II

Artaxias II, also known as Artaxes II and Artashes (60s BC – 20 BC) was a prince of the Kingdom of Armenia, member of the Artaxiad dynasty and King of Armenia from 30 BC until 20 BC.

## Family background and early life

Artaxias II was the eldest son of Artavasdes II of Armenia by a mother whose name is unknown and was the namesake of his paternal ancestor, a previous ruling Armenian King Artaxias I. Artaxias II had two siblings: a younger brother called Tigranes III and a sister, name unknown, who possibly married King Archelaus of Cappadocia. He was born and raised in Armenia.

## Kingship

Artaxias II ascended to the Armenian throne in 30 BC as he regained the throne lost by his father. The Roman Triumvir Mark Antony, had captured Artavasdes II with his family, who were then taken as political prisoners to Alexandria where Artavasdes II was later executed on the orders of Cleopatra VII of Egypt. Artaxias II managed to escape and fled to King Phraates IV of Parthia. Phraates IV invaded Armenia and placed Artaxias II on the throne. As a result, Artaxias II was pro-Parthian and anti-Roman. With the support of Phraates IV, Artaxias II was successful in a military campaign against Artavasdes I of Media Atropatene, a former enemy of Artavasdes II.
Artaxias II was said to be spiteful and vengeful. He massacred the remaining Roman garrison and slaughtered all the Roman traders in Armenia. A possible consequence of this action, when Artaxias II sent emissaries in Rome to try to secure the release of his family then in Roman captivity and the Roman emperor Augustus refused Artaxias II's request.
Artaxias II proved to be an unpopular leader with his people. As the Armenians lost faith in their ruling monarch, they sent messengers to Augustus requesting him to remove Artaxias II from his throne and to install his brother, Tigranes III as his successor. By 20 BC, Tigranes III had lived in Rome for 10 years. Augustus agreed to the request from the Armenians. Augustus sent his step-son Tiberius, with Tigranes III and a large army to depose Artaxias II. Before Tiberius and Tigranes III arrived in Armenia, a cabal within the palace was successful in murdering Artaxias II. The Romans installed Tigranes III as the new king of Armenia unopposed.
# Cross-country skiing at the 1992 Winter Olympics – Women's 4 × 5 kilometre relay

The women's 4 × 5 km relay cross-country skiing competition at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France, took place on 18 February at Les Saisies. The race saw the Unified Team beat Norway by 21.6 seconds, with Italy finishing third.

## Results

Sources:
| Rank | Bib | Country | Time | Deficit |
| | 1 | Unified Team Yelena Välbe Raisa Smetanina Larisa Lazutina Lyubov Yegorova | 59:34.8 | – |
| | 3 | Norway Solveig Pedersen Inger Helene Nybråten Trude Dybendahl Elin Nilsen | 59:56.4 | +21.6 |
| | 2 | Italy Bice Vanzetta Manuela Di Centa Gabriella Paruzzi Stefania Belmondo | 1:00:25.9 | +0:51.1 |
| 4 | 4 | Finland Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi Pirkko Määttä Jaana Savolainen Marjut Lukkarinen | 1:00:52.9 | +1:18.1 |
| 5 | 9 | France Carole Stanisière Sylvie Giry-Rousset Sophie Villeneuve Isabelle Mancini | 1:01:30.7 | +1:55.9 |
| 6 | 8 | Czechoslovakia Lubomíra Balážová Kateřina Neumannová Alžbeta Havrančíková Iveta Zelingerová | 1:01:37.4 | +2:02.6 |
| 7 | 6 | Sweden Magdalena Wallin Carina Görlin Karin Säterkvist Marie-Helene Westin | 1:01:54.5 | +2:19.7 |
| 8 | 5 | Germany Heike Wezel Gabriele Heß Simone Opitz Ina Kümmel | 1:02:22.6 | +2:47.8 |
| 9 | 10 | Switzerland Sylvia Honegger Brigitte Albrecht-Loretan Natascia Leonardi Cortesi Elvira Knecht | 1:02:54.1 | +3:19.3 |
| 10 | 7 | Poland Małgorzata Ruchała Dorota Kwaśny Bernadetta Bocek Halina Nowak-Guńka | 1:03:23.0 | +3:48.2 |
| 11 | 11 | Canada Angela Schmidt-Foster Rhonda Delong Jane Vincent Lucy Steele-Masson | 1:03:38.5 | +4:03.7 |
| 12 | 13 | Japan Miwa Ota Fumiko Aoki Naomi Hoshikawa Yumi Inomata | 1:04:09.3 | +4:34.5 |
| 13 | 12 | United States Nancy Fiddler Ingrid Butts Leslie Thompson Betsy Youngman | 1:04:48.5 | +5:13.7 |
# 702

Year 702 (DCCII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 702nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 702nd year of the 1st millennium, the 2nd year of the 8th century, and the 3rd year of the 700s decade. The denomination 702 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* Hedan II, duke of Thuringia, completes the circular Marienkirche, in Fortress Marienberg near Würzburg (Germany).

#### Arabian Empire

* Arab conquest of Armenia: Large-scale Armenian rebellion against Muslim rule breaks out, with Byzantine support.
* Muslim-Arabs under Musa ibn Nusayr conquer Tangier and Sous, taking control of all Morocco (approximate date).
* Ethiopian (Axumite) raiders occupy the port of Jeddah (modern Saudi Arabia).

#### Mesoamerica

* February 20 – Kʼinich Kan Bahlam II, ruler (ajaw) of Palenque, dies after an 18-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother Kʼinich Kʼan Joy Chitam II.

### By topic
#### Religion

* Berhtwald, archbishop of Canterbury, calls the Council of Austerfield to decide the rights of Wilfrid, some-time bishop of York. He is offered Ripon Abbey if he will relinquish his claims as bishop. Wilfrid rejects this offer and appeals to Rome.

## Births

* Ja'far al-Sadiq, sixth Shī‘ah Imām and Muslim scholar (d. 765)
* Ōnakatomi no Kiyomaro, Japanese nobleman (d. 788)

## Deaths

* Al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra, Arab general and governor of Basra
* Berlinda of Meerbeke, Frankish nun and saint (approximate date)
* Chen Zi'ang, Chinese poet and official of the Tang dynasty (b. 661)
* Kʼinich Kan Bahlam II, ruler of Palenque (b. 635)
* Liutpert, king of the Lombards
* Muiredach Muillethan, king of Connacht (Ireland)
* Ōku, Japanese princess (b. 661)
# Jason Allen (cyclist)

Jason Allen (born 17 August 1981 in Christchurch) is a New Zealand cyclist with 30 national titles, an Oceania title, represented his country at the Commonwealth Games and also won two gold medals at the Track Cycling World Cup.
He was Marlborough Sportsperson of the Year. He rode for the Subway-Avanti team from 2009 till 2011.

## Major results
### 2002

    1st Stage 4 Tour of Southland

### 2003

    1st Stage 1 Tour de Vineyards

### 2004

    1st Team pursuit UCI World Cup Classics, Sydney
    2nd Team pursuit UCI World Cup Classics, Los Angeles

### 2005

    1st Stage 7 Tour of Southland
    2nd Tour of Somerville
    Oceania Games
       1st Pursuit
       1st Team pursuit
    1st Team pursuit UCI World Cup Classics, Manchester
    2nd National Track Championships - Madison (with Anthony Chapman)

### 2007

    1st Stage 9 Tour de la Nouvelle-Calédoni

### 2009

    3rd National Road Race Championships

### 2011

    1st Stage 1 TTTTour of Southland
    7th Ocbc Cycle Classic Singapore

### 2016

    1st Stage 1 TTTTour of Southland
# Scawgill and Blaze Beck

Scawgill and Blaze Beck is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) within the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. It is located 2km east of Lorton on the western side of Whinlatter Pass. This protected area consists of two quarries and a stream gorge. The fossil graptolites found here make this an exceptional site for understanding the geological stratigraphy of Ordovician rocks.
The quarries are either side of the stream called Blaze Beck.

## Geology

Mudstones from the Skiddaw Group at Scawgill and Blaze Beck contain fossils of graptolites from the genus Didymograptus.

## Land ownership

Part of the land within Scawgill and Blaze Beck SSSI is owned by the Forestry Commission.
# List of mayors of Chester

The position of Lord Mayor of Chester was created on 10 March 1992 when the dignity was conferred on the city of Chester, England by Letters Patent as part of celebrations of 40th anniversary of the accession of Queen Elizabeth II. Prior to that the position had been that of Mayor of Chester. The Lord Mayoralty was given to Chester in recognition of its historical and economic importance. In 2009 the role of Lord Mayor of Chester was combined with that of Chairman of Cheshire West and Chester Council, but the two roles were separated again in 2015.
The full title of the Mayor is 'The Right Worshipful, the Lord Mayor of the City of Chester'.

## Notable Mayors

Source:
* 1484-85: Sir John Savage (Knight of the Garter)
* 1512–14: Sir Piers Dutton (High Sheriff of Cheshire, 1542)
* 1540: Sir Lawrence Smith (MP for Cheshire, 1545)
* 1558: Sir Lawrence Smith (MP for Cheshire, 1545)
* 1560: William Aldersey (MP for Chester, 1547)
* 1563: Sir Lawrence Smith (MP for Cheshire, 1545)
* 1570: Sir Lawrence Smith (MP for Cheshire, 1545)
* 1572: John Hankey (Sheriff, 1557. Alderman, 1567)
* 1581: Richard Bavand (MP for Chester, 1584)
* 1600: Richard Bavand (MP for Chester, 1584)
* 1602: Hugh Glasier (MP for Chester, 1601)
* 1611: John Ratcliffe (MP for Chester, 1621)
* 1622: Thomas Smith (MP for Chester, 1640–1644)
* 1628: John Ratcliffe (MP for Chester, 1621)
* 1642: William Ince (MP for Chester, 1660)
* 1681: George Mainwaring
* 1684: Sir Thomas Grosvenor, Bt (MP for Chester, 1679–1700) (High Sheriff of Cheshire, 1688)
* 1691: Henry Booth, 1st Earl of Warrington (MP for Cheshire, 1678–85)
* 1692–96: Roger Whitley (MP for Chester, 1681)
* 1715: Sir Richard Grosvenor, 4th Baronet (MP for Chester, 1715–33)
* 1737; Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, MP for Denbighshire 1716–1741;
* 1738: Sir Robert Grosvenor, 6th Baronet (MP for Chester, 1733–55)
* 1902–03: Dr. John Roberts, Liberal

## List of Lord Mayors

* 1991–92: Susan Proctor (First Lord Mayor)
* 1992–93: John F Randall
* 1993–94: Margaret A Byatt
* 1994–95: J Gordon Smith
* 1995–96: Richard T Short
* 1996–97: Lilian G Price
* 1997–98: David J Evans
* 1998–99: David Nield
* 1999–2000: C. Eric Plenderleath
* 2000–01: Reginald F Jones
* 2001–02: Graham S Proctor
* 2002–03: Brian Crowe
* 2003–04: Barry Cowper
* 2004–05: Terry Ralph
* 2005–06: Mike Jones
* 2006–07: Sandra Rudd
* 2007–08: James Latham
* 2008–09: Brian Bailey
* 2009–10: John Ebo
* 2010–11: Neil Ritchie
* 2011–12: Eleanor Johnson
* 2012–13: Pamela Booher
* 2013–14: Jill Houlbrook
* 2014–15: Bob Rudd
* 2015–16: Hugo Deynem
* 2016–17: Angela Claydon
* 2017–18: Razia Daniels
* 2018–19: Alex Black
* 2019–20: Mark Williams
* 2020–21: Mark Williams
* 2021–22: Martyn Delaney
* 2022–23: John Leather
* 2023–24: Sheila Little
# Rayan Al-Boqami

Rayan Khaled Al-Boqami (Arabic: ريان خالد البقمي) is a Saudi Arabian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Al-Majd.
# Charles Fiddian-Green

Charles Anderson Fiddian Fiddian-Green (22 December 1898 – 5 September 1976) was an English cricketer: an opening batsman who played 107 first-class matches between the wars, playing county cricket for both Warwickshire and Worcestershire, as well as university cricket for Cambridge University.
Fiddian-Green first played in June 1920 against Cambridge University. He was by this time a student at Jesus College, having gone there at the age of 21 because of the First World War, but in this match he played for Warwickshire. He had a quiet game, scoring 1 and 23 not out, taking one catch and bowling a single over. He played another 14 times for the county that season, although only rarely did he catch the eye: he made 53* (albeit out of 603/9 declared) against Worcestershire in early August, and in other games took two wickets: those of Lancashire's Robert Boddington and Middlesex's future Test all-rounder Nigel Haig.
In 1921 Fiddian-Green had a much better season for both Cambridge and Warwickshire, passing 1000 first-class runs for the first of two occasions (the other being the following year); his aggregate of 1079 was the best of his career. He won his blue, scoring 17 in his only visit to the crease as Cambridge beat Oxford by an innings. He passed fifty eight times in his 38 innings, although he never managed to go on to three figures; his highest score of the season was the 95 he hit for Cambridge against Warwickshire in June.
1922 saw him gain a second blue – and again Cambridge won by an innings – but the match was perhaps more remarkable for the manner of Fiddian-Green's dismissal. He was bowled for 23 by Thomas Raikes by a ball which was said to have pitched so wide as to be almost off the mown area of the pitch. He enjoyed excellent form with the bat for much of the season, averaging 42.28 in all first-class cricket and 49.21 for Cambridge alone. In one purple patch in mid-season, he scored 83, 103, 113 and 120 in successive innings; this last, against HDG Leveson-Gower's XI, remained the highest score of his career. He was also selected to represent the Gentlemen against the Players at Lord's, where he made 27 and 1.
Fiddian-Green then became a master, and head of cricket, at Malvern College, and played no first-class cricket in 1923. However, for the following few years he did turn out for Warwickshire a few times a season during the school holidays, usually scoring good runs. There was then another gap until 1931, when he appeared for Worcestershire and scored 108 on debut against Essex. He kept wicket on a couple of occasions, and stumped Arthur Pothecary of Hampshire in August 1933.
His final first-class appearance came against his old university in late June 1934, when he made 5 and 45. Outside cricket, Fiddian-Green represented Cambridge University at both hockey and golf. He died in Malvern, Worcestershire, at the age of 77.
# Sospeter Machage

Sospeter Magita Machage is a Kenyan diplomat who served as the Ambassador of Kenya to Russia and concurrently accredited to Ukraine, Republic of Belarus and Republic of Kazakhstan until 2010. He was appointed Ambassador on 20 April 2005.
Machage served in the Public Service in different capacities for over twenty six years. He served as the Registrar, Kenyatta National Hospital from 1983 to 1984 and as Medical Officer of Health Kitui District from 1984 to 1986. He was the Provincial Medical Officer for Health Easter Province from 1986 to 1987.
While in the private sector he served as the Chief of Staff and Deputy Director, Kendu Mission Hospital from 1987 to 1989. He was the Medical Officer In-charge Isibania Maternity and Nursing Home from 1989 to 1996. He served as a member of DDC, Medical Board Kuria District and Medical Board Transmara District. He also served as the Medical Officer In-charge St. Joseph's Mission Hospital (Kilgoris) from 1996 to 1999. He was Medical Advisor Catholic diocese of Ngong and Medical Director Transmara Medicare hospital.
Prior to his appointment he served as Director, Ministry of Water and Natural Resources Management and Development and also Chairman Development, and Environment Committee of Lake Victoria Service Board.
He graduated with doctorate degree in medicine – physician (MD) and general surgery from Kharkov State University and Crimea State Medical Institute (USSR) in 1983. In 2005 he joined the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, where he was awarded a First Class Honors master's degree in International Relations in 2009. He is currently pursuing PhD degree in international relations at the same university.
In 2007 he became Professor and Academician of the Academy of Problems of Security, Defence and Order (Russia).