OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Frederick Schaeffer

Charles Frederick Schaeffer (3 September 1807 in Germantown, Pennsylvania – 23 November 1879 in Philadelphia) was a Lutheran clergyman of the United States.

## Biography

His parents were Frederick David Schaeffer and Rosina Rosenmiller. His father was a Lutheran clergyman, as were his brothers David Frederick, Frederick Christian, and Frederick Solomon, and his nephew Charles William. He was educated in the University of Pennsylvania, and studied theology under the direction of his father and Charles Rudolph Demme.
He was ordained in 1829, and became pastor at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where he remained until 1834. In the latter year he moved to Hagerstown, Maryland, where he had charge of several Lutheran congregations until 1839. He was professor of theology in Capitol University, Columbus, Ohio 1840-43. He was culturally ill-suited for this position, and, after difficulties with a colleague, students and other ministers and pastor, he responded to a demand that he resign. He was then pastor at Lancaster, Ohio 1843-45, at Red Hook, New York 1845-51, and at Easton, Pennsylvania 1851-55.
In 1855, he became professor of the German language and literature in the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. There his conservatism was a challenge to liberal colleagues like Samuel Simon Schmucker and middle-of-the-roaders like Charles Philip Krauth. The uneasy equilibrium ruptured in 1864, and Schaeffer left to become professor of systematic theology of a newly established theological seminary at Philadelphia, and its president.
As representative of the strictly conservative and confessional party in the Lutheran Church, Schaeffer defended his position with great force in many publications, and was a leader in the organization of the general council in 1867.

## Works

He published a large number of historical, homiletical, and doctrinal articles, and left several manuscripts of value, including a complete System of Lutheran Theology. Among his works are:
* J. F. Kurtz, Manual of Sacred History, translated from the German (Philadelphia, 1855)
* Martin Luther, Small Catechism, a revised translation (1856)
* Inaugural Address at Gettysburg (New York, 1856)
* Johann Arndt, True Christianity, translated from the German (1868)

## Family

He married Susanna Schmucker in 1832, daughter of John George Schmucker. They had five children.
# Tim Whelan

Tim Whelan (November 2, 1893 – August 12, 1957) was an American film director, writer, producer and actor, best remembered for his writing credits on Harold Lloyd and Harry Langdon comedies, and for directing mostly British films, such as The Thief of Bagdad (1940).
In Britain he worked with leading production companies including British International Pictures, Gainsborough Pictures and Alexander Korda's London Films. In the United States he was employed by MGM and RKO. He returned to America following the outbreak of the Second World War, but came back to Britain for a film in 1948, This Was a Woman.
He was married to the film actress Miriam Seegar in 1932. Whelan died at his home in Beverly Hills.

## Selected filmography

* Safety Last! (1923)
* Why Worry? (1923)
* Girl Shy (1924)
* Hot Water (1924)
* The Freshman (1925)
* Tramp, Tramp, Tramp (1926)
* The Strong Man (1926)
* Exit Smiling (1926)
* My Best Girl (1927)
* Adam's Apple (1928)
* When Knights Were Bold (1929)
* The Fall Guy (1930)
* The Crooked Circle (1932)
* Girl Crazy (1932)
* It's a Boy (1933)
* Aunt Sally (1933)
* The Camels are Coming (1934)
* The Murder Man (1935)
* The Perfect Gentleman (1935)
* Two's Company (1936)
* Farewell Again (1937)
* Action for Slander (1937)
* Smash and Grab (1937)
* The Mill on the Floss (1937)
* The Divorce of Lady X (1938)
* Sidewalks of London (1938)
* Q Planes (1939)
* The Thief of Bagdad (1940)
* The Mad Doctor (1941)
* International Lady (1941)
* Seven Days' Leave (1942)
* Swing Fever (1943)
* Step Lively (1944)
* This Was a Woman (1948)
* Rage at Dawn (1955)
# Tinius Nagell-Erichsen

Einar Fredrik Åke Tinius Nagell-Erichsen (15 February 1934 – 12 November 2007) was a Norwegian publisher, noted for his leadership of the Schibsted media conglomerate which includes the broadsheet newspaper Aftenposten and the tabloid Verdens gang.
Nagell-Erichsen was the great-grandson of Christian Michael Schibsted, the founder of the Schibsted corporation. His father was the Leif Nagell-Erichsen, a noted attorney. The Schibsted corporation was closely held by the Nagell-Erichsen, Riddervold, and Huitfeld families.

## Education

Nagell-Erichsen attended the London School of Economics, earning a Master of Science in 1959. He also worked as a waiter for two years in California. He started his career in newspapers as a journalist at a local newspaper Lillehammer Tilskuer to learn the newspaper trade, even learning how to use the typesetting equipment.

## Work life

Nagell-Erichsen joined Aftenposten as a junior manager, to the surprise of the owning families of the corporations. In 1968 he became publisher of Verdens Gang, which at the time was at the brink of bankruptcy. He turned the newspaper around, setting it for the course of becoming Norway's largest newspaper. He took over as publisher of Aftenposten in 1970 until 1983, and was the chairman of the board for Schibsted from 1992 to 2002.

## The Tinius Trust

Nagell-Erichsen was noted for his gregarious manner and idealism. Among other things, he arranged to place the ownership of Schibsted in an irrevocable trust that would make it impossible for foreign interests to buy the newspaper. The Tinius Trust was founded in 1996.
# Tillandsia ulrici

Tillandsia ulrici is a species of flowering plant in the genus Tillandsia. This species is endemic to Mexico.
# Bill Julian

John William Julian (10 July 1867 – 14 March 1957) was an English football player and coach.

## Career

Born in Boston, Lincolnshire, he first played for his local side Boston Excelsior, then Boston. He impressed in a home match for Boston Town against Royal Arsenal on Good Friday in 1889, and Arsenal then arranged a job for him at the Royal Arsenal factory so that he could play for their team. He played in Arsenal's very first FA Cup tie, against Lyndhurst on 5 October 1889, and soon earned a reputation as a determined and tough-tackling wing-half. He became club captain in 1890, and was still captain when Arsenal turned professional in 1891.
However, he was replaced as Arsenal captain in October 1891 by new arrival Sandy Robertson (who had previously played for Preston North End's 1888–89 Double-winning side), and although assured of a place in the first team, he decided to step down to the reserves. In total, he played 4 FA Cup ties and 71 other senior matches for Woolwich Arsenal. In the summer of 1892, he moved to Luton Town, to become the club's captain and coach.
After two years at Luton, he joined Tottenham Hotspur (thus making him the first person to play for both Spurs and Arsenal, albeit long before the latter moved to north London in 1913), and played in Spurs' very first FA Cup tie, a first qualifying match against West Hertfordshire, on 13 October 1894; Spurs won 3–2. He left Tottenham in 1895, to play for Dartford, before finishing his career at Shepherd's Bush. He later opened a sports shop in Plumstead and became the first British ladies team coach in 1895. Julian remained loyal to Woolwich Arsenal, going back to work for the club during the Boer War.
Julian retained his footballing ties after retiring from playing, and in 1909 he moved to the Netherlands to coach there, later followed by his sons Bill and Harry, who both coached a number of teams in the Netherlands. Julian acted as head coach of HFC from 1909 until 1912. He stayed with HFC but from then on, he was assistant-coach / groundsman / caretaker, before he returned to England in 1915 to live in Enfield, London.
He was one of the longest-surviving members of Arsenal's first professional side, along with Gavin Crawford and Jack McBean. The three were reunited at an Arsenal game against Chelsea on 20 March 1948 (by which time Arsenal were one of the leading sides in English football), an event recorded in The Official Illustrated History of Arsenal. He lived until the age of 89, dying in Enfield in 1957, outliving both Crawford and McBean to make him the last surviving member of Arsenal's first professional team.

## Personal life

Julian married Edith Emerson in July 1888. They had three sons and a daughter. He died in Enfield in 1957.

## Honours
### Arsenal

* London Cup
* London Charity Cup
* Kent Charity Cup
# Charles Avery (pianist)

Charles Avery (February 2, 1892 – September 11, 1974) was an American blues and boogie-woogie pianist. Although he only recorded one commercially released track under his own name, he accompanied a number of high-profile blues musicians in the 1920s and 1930s. Little is known of his life outside the recording studio.

## Life and career

Details of Avery's early life are sparse, although it is known that he was born in Brighton, Alabama, United States. It seems that Avery spent most of his life in Chicago, Illinois, and drew a strong connection to the city and its music. This is exemplified in his only title he recorded n his own name, "Dearborn St. Breakdown" (1929), which was released by Paramount Records. It was played in a style typical of Chicago musicians of that time, plus it is known that Avery played alongside, and backed, a number of musicians with connections to Chicago. AllMusic noted that Avery had "a prodigious piano technique".
Avery was primarily active in the late 1920s and 1930s, when he was utilised regularly as a session musician by record labels, when piano accompaniment was required for musicians without that attribute. Pianist credits for Avery include work with Leroy Carr, Tampa Red, Lucille Bogan (1930), Victoria Spivey (1931), Lil Johnson (1929), Red Nelson (1935), and the more obscure singer, Freddie "Redd" Nicholson (1930) (who recorded eight sides, although only five were issued).
Avery's backing work was primarily issued by Brunswick Records and Decca Records between 1929 and 1935.
His work with Lucille Bogan, when she was using her pseudonym, Bessie Jackson, included Avery's boogie-woogie style accompaniment on the March 1930 recording of "Alley Boogie". This was one of the earliest instances of a song title using the term 'boogie', following on from Pinetop Smith's "Pinetop's Boogie Woogie" (1928). This was not Avery's only recording with Bogan, as he was also the pianist playing on her recording of "My Georgia Grind", which was also recorded in late March 1930.
Lil Johnson, when recording "House Rent Scuffle" (1929), complimented Avery when stating on the recording, "Somebody buy the piano player a drink... He's just too tight. I wish you'd play that at my house every Saturday night!".
Avery's own track, "Dearborn St. Breakdown", is included on the compilation album, The Boogie Woogie Masters (1996), among many others.
Charles Avery died in September 11, 1974, at the age of 82. He was interred in Lincoln Cemetery in Blue Island, Illinois.
He is not to be confused with another Charles Avery (May 28, 1873 – July 23, 1926), who was an American silent film actor, film director, and screenwriter.

## Solo discography
### Singles

| Year | Title | Record label |
| 1929 | "Dearborn St. Breakdown" | Paramount Records |
# Charles Austin O'Niell

Charles Austin O'Niell (September 7, 1869 – March 9, 1951) was a justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court from April 4, 1914, to September 7, 1949, serving from December 31, 1922, on as chief justice.
In 1922, the court was reconfigured, with O'Niell being the only justice to continue in his previous capacity on the new court. Nicknamed "The Dissenter", O'Niell authored more than 3,000 judicial opinions in his time on the high court. O'Niell died in the hotel room in New Orleans where he was living at the time.
# Bioinformatics Institute (Singapore)

The Bioinformatics Institute (Abbreviation: BII) is one of the Biomedical Sciences Institutes of the Agency for Science, Technology and Research, (A*STAR). BII was originally founded in 2001 by Dr Rajagopal as a support unit for Bioinformatics and IT service management. However, since August 2007, it has been redefined as a biological research organisation upon the arrival of the current executive director, Dr Frank Eisenhaber.BII focuses on "computationally biology-driven life science research aimed at the discovery of biomolecular mechanisms." BII also develops computer based research tools and performs experimental verifications in its own experimental facilities or by collaborating with appropriate groups.
BII is home to the journal Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices with SpringerNature.
There are currently four research divisions in BII:
* Biomolecular Sequence to Function
* Biomolecular Modelling and Design
* Imaging Informatics
* Translational Research
Under Dr. Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, the team at BII quality-checked genomic sequences uploaded by various countries to the GISAID database that stores and shares COVID-19 virus data.
# Kopaniny

Kopaniny may refer to the following places:
* Kopaniny, Gmina Lututów in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kopaniny, Gmina Sokolniki in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kopaniny, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Kopaniny, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland)
* Kopaniny, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Kopaniny, Częstochowa County in Silesian Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Kopaniny, Zawiercie County in Silesian Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Kopaniny, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
# Charles Hunter Stewart

Charles Hunter Stewart FSA Scot FRSE (29 September 1854 – 30 June 1924) was a Scottish physician and public health expert.
Born in Edinburgh, Stewart studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh. In 1884 he became an assistant at the Laboratory of Public Health in Edinburgh under Henry Littlejohn.
In 1888 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir Andrew Douglas Maclagan, Sir William Turner, Alexander Crum Brown and Peter Guthrie Tait. He was then living at 2 Bellevue Terrace.
In 1898 he became Professor of Public Health at the University of Edinburgh
In 1900 he was living at 9 Learmonth Gardens in Edinburgh's West End.
He died at age 69.

## Family

He married twice, firstly in 1888 to Ann Maria Gibson (d.1905), and after her death, in 1912 he married Agnes Millar McGibbon Somers, daughter of Robert Somers of Stirling.
# Charles Greenlee

Charles Greenlee may refer to:
* Charles Greenlee, one of the Groveland Four
* Charles Greenlee (musician) (1927–1993), American jazz trombonist
# Charles H. Pond

Charles Hobby Pond (April 26, 1781 – April 28, 1861) was an American politician who was the 42nd and 44th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (1850 to 1853) and who served as the 37th Governor for seven months (1853–1854) after the resignation of Governor Thomas Hart Seymour. He was named after his direct ancestor Sir Charles Hobby who was knighted by Queen Anne in 1705.

## Biography

Born in Milford, Connecticut on April 26, 1781, Pond was the son of Captain and Martha (Miles) Pond. Prepared by his pastor, he attended college beginning at age seventeen and graduated from Yale University in 1802. He studied law with Hon. Roger Minot Sherman, of Fairfield, for two years and admitted to the bar in Fairfield County. Instead of beginning practice, he took a long sea voyage for his health and it suited him so well that he took another. The result was he followed the sea for several years as an employee of his father's shipping business; first as a supercargo, then as captain. Regaining his former health he took up his residence on land again. He was married in 1809 to Catherine Dickinson and they had seven children.

## Career

Pond served as an associate judge of New Haven County Court from 1818 to 1819, sheriff of New Haven from 1819 to 1834, and as judge of New Haven County Court from 1836 to 1837.
Pond was elected Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut in 1850, 1852, and 1853. On October 13, 1853, Governor Thomas H. Seymour resigned from office, and Pond, who was Lieutenant Governor at the time, assumed the duties of Governor. During his tenure, the U.S. Senate passed the Kansas-Nebraska Bill, which caused great controversy throughout the state. (The act made slavery legally possible in a vast new area and revived the bitter quarrel over the expansion of slavery, which had died down after the Compromise of 1850, hastening the start of the Civil War.) Pond did not seek reelection and left office, retiring from public service.

## Death and legacy

The same month and year of the bombardment of Fort Sumter, Pond died on April 28, 1861, aged 80. He is interred at Milford Cemetery, Milford, Connecticut. He is memorialized on the Milford Founding Fathers Memorial in Milford.
# Timezgana

Timezgana is a commune in the Taounate Province of the Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 15085 people living in 2677 households.
# Kotlovina (film)

Kotlovina is a 2011 Croatian drama film written and directed by Tomislav Radić.

## Cast

* Mirela Brekalo as Ana
* Igor Kovač as Jakov
* Suzana Nikolić as Seka
* Draško Zidar [hr] as Mirko
* Boris Buzančić as Dida
* Bruna Bebić [hr] as Lucija
* Goran Navojec as Damir
* Filip Križan [hr] as Krešo
* Melita Jurišić as Mimi
# Kora, Kendrapara

Kora is a village in the Kendrapara tehsil, Kendrapara district, Odisha state, India. It is located off the north side of the Cuttack-Kendrapara Road, about 75 km from Cuttack, 16 km beyond Kendrapara, and 16 km from Pattamundai. According to the 2011 census, it had 530 households and 2,410 inhabitants (251 in the 0-6 age range) and 84.6% literacy rate.
# Kouloh

Kouloh is a village in the Tiankoura Department of Bougouriba Province in south-western Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 147.
# Billeswar Devalaya

Billeswar Devalaya (Assamese: বিল্বেশ্বৰ দেৱালয়) in Belsor, Nalbari, Assam is an ancient Hindu temple and is dedicated to Shiva. This temple is believed to have been built 500 years ago. Buffalo sacrifice during Durga Puja is an age-old tradition and ritual in this temple.
# Billeswar

Billeswar is a census village in the Pachim Nalbari subdivision, Nalbari district, Assam, India. As per 2011 census of India, Billeswar village has a population of 2,699 people, including 1,408 males and 1,291 females, and a literacy rate of 76.84%.
The Billeswar temple, built by king Nagaksha, is a major attraction of visits to the village.
# Charles Henry (basketball)

Charles Henry was the head coach for the Gonzaga University men's basketball team for the 1943-44 season. While at Gonzaga, he acquired a record of 22-4 (.846).
# Charles Henry Alston (lawyer)

Charles Henry Alston (born September 16, 1873, date of death unknown) also known as C. H. Alston, was an American lawyer, and civil rights leader in Tampa, Florida.

## Early life and education

Alston was born on September 16, 1873 in Raleigh, North Carolina, to parents Lydia and Deaton Alston. He graduated from Shaw University with a bachelor of science degree in 1891, and a bachelor of laws degree in 1894. He was admitted to The Florida Bar that same year.

## Legal career

During his career, he became an attorney for the City Negro Board of Trade, participated in over 11,000 criminal cases, and raised a legal challenge to the exclusion of African Americans from Floridian juries. No case he was involved in led to a death sentence, and his constitutional challenge was successful. In 1906 Booker T. Washington identified him, alongside George W. Parker, and Isaac Lawrence Purcell as one of three African American lawyers in Pensacola, Florida, noting that their treatment by the bar was equal to that of their white colleagues.

## Political career

Alston became a political leader of Tampa’s African American community. He became a local county chairman, and became secretary to the Republican State Central Committee. He was sent as a delegate to the 1912 Republican National Convention. At this convention he led a group of Republican “bolters” supporting Teddy Roosevelt. He accused white Republicans of discrimination in choosing delegates, and his group produced its own list of delegates.

## Personal life

An Episcopalian, he also held numerous positions within a Freemasonry Grand Lodge. He also served as Hillsborough County's Supervisor of Negro Schools, and was a vice-president of the Florida Negro Business league. He was listed as one of the reliable lawyers in Tampa in The Central Law Journal in 1913.
# Charles Henry (Canadian politician)

Charles Henry (5 July 1911 – 4 June 1989) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Toronto, Ontario.
After studies for a Bachelor of Arts degree at St. Michael's College, he became a barrister and lawyer.
He was first elected at the Rosedale riding in the 1949 general election, defeating Tory incumbent Harry Jackman, and was then re-elected in 1953. Henry was defeated in the 1957 election by David James Walker of the Progressive Conservative party.
# Kowyn Pass

Kowyn Pass is situated in Mpumalanga province, on the R533 road between Graskop and Bosbokrand, South Africa. The pass was completed on 3 October 1959. It descends from an altitude of 1,448 metres above sea level near Graskop, to 500 metres at Bosbokrand, which implies an average slope of 1:14.

## Rock fall shelter

A major rock fall occurred in 1973 at a point where the pass skirts a very steep hill. When rock falls continued despite the area being anchored, the Transvaal Provincial Roads Authority decided in 1977 to construct a reinforced concrete rockfall shelter as a permanent and fail-safe protective measure. The construction of the shelter, some 170 metres long, was completed in August 1980.

## History

The pass is believed to have been built along an ancient pedestrian route which connected the lowveld to higher areas towards the west. It is named for the 19th century Bakwena chief Kobêng Moxane, who the voortrekkers referred to as Kowyn. He settled his faction of the Pulana tribe on the Graskop escarpment, after the Swazis scattered them from a former settlement near Pretoriuskop. They were Sotho-speaking people who were initially displaced from the highveld by the disturbances of the Mfecane, and subsequently migrated northwards to escape raids by the Swazis.
# Charles Bolton (pathologist)

Charles Bolton CBE FRS FRCP (24 September 1870 – 6 December 1947) was a British physician and pathologist.
Bolton was born in Whitby, Yorkshire, the younger brother of psychiatrist Joseph Shaw Bolton (1867–1946). He trained as a doctor at University College Hospital in London and worked there in later life, holding the positions of resident medical officer, consulting physician, director of pathological studies and research, and lecturer in clinical medicine and general pathology at the medical school. He was also physician to the Queen's Hospital for Children. He held the degrees of Doctor of Medicine (MD) and Doctor of Science (DSc) and was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1918.
Bolton was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in January 1920 for services in the First World War. In 1928 he gave the Croonian Lecture of the Royal College of Physicians.
# Billy Deans (disambiguation)

Billy Deans may refer to:
* Billy Deans, Australian rules footballer
* Billy Deans (diver), wreck and technical diver