OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pātūtahi

Pātūtahi is a small settlement 15 kilometres from Gisborne, in the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is located in the valley of the Waipaoa River. From 1915 to 1931 Pātūtahi had a railway station on the Ngātapa Branch.
The name was officially modified to include macrons in 2021.

## Demographics

Statistics New Zealand describes Pātūtahi as a rural settlement, which covers 3.12 km$^2$ (1.20 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 370 as of June 2023, with a population density of 119 people per km$^2$. It is part of the larger Te Arai statistical area.
Pātūtahi had a population of 330 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 12 people (3.8%) since the 2013 census, and a decrease of 9 people (−2.7%) since the 2006 census. There were 108 households, comprising 162 males and 168 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.96 males per female, with 84 people (25.5%) aged under 15 years, 66 (20.0%) aged 15 to 29, 129 (39.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 48 (14.5%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 50.9% European/Pākehā, 64.5% Māori, 0.9% Pacific peoples, and 1.8% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 56.4% had no religion, 30.0% were Christian, 8.2% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.9% were Buddhist and 1.8% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 24 (9.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 63 (25.6%) people had no formal qualifications. 21 people (8.5%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 120 (48.8%) people were employed full-time, 45 (18.3%) were part-time, and 18 (7.3%) were unemployed.

## Parks

Patutahi Soccer Ground is a sports ground in Pātūtahi.

## Marae

The area has three marae belonging to the hapū of Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki.
Pakowhai Marae and Te Poho o Hiraina meeting house, and Rongopai Marae and meeting house are a meeting place of Te Whānau a Kai.
Takitimu Marae and Te Poho o Whakarau Oratanga a Tamure meeting house are a meeting place of Ngā Pōtiki and Te Whānau a Kai.
In October 2020, the Government committed $499,625 from the Provincial Growth Fund towards a fire alarm and stormwater upgrade to Rongopai Marae, creating an estimated 7.7 jobs. It also committed $460,500 to upgrade Pakowhai Marae, Takitimu Marae and Ngātapa Marae, creating 13 jobs.

## Education

Patutahi School is a Year 1–8 co-educational state primary school with a roll of 66 as of August 2024. The school started in 1878.
# Radica (disambiguation)

Radica, Italian for briar root, may refer to:
* Bogdan Radica (1904–1993), Croatian historian, journalist, diplomat, writer
* Ruben Radica (1931–2021), Croatian composer
* Naselje Stjepana Radića, settlement (naselje) in Vrbovec, Zagreb County, Croatia
* Radica Games, United States company that produces electronic games, founded in 1983
# Guy de Fayolle

Marquis Guy de Fayolle (8 July 1882 – 12 March 1944) was a French philatelist who was added to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1939. In 1913 he won a gold medal at the Exposition Philatelique Internationale in Paris for his display of the stamps of Greece. His collection of the classic stamps of Mexico was sold by Harmers in 1956.

## Selected publications

* Les premieres emissions du Mexique (1856 a 1874). 1935. (With Paul de Smeth)
* Catalogue détaillé des timbres du Mexique. 1936.
# Pump (film)

Pump is a 2014 documentary film by Josh Tickell and Rebecca Harrell Tickell. The film begins by exploring the history of petroleum-based fuel consumption, the use of the Internal combustion engine and the geopolitics involved with petroleum. It is primarily focuses on the United States but also includes a segment on the automotive industry in China. The film then explores in-depth on the alternative energy options for vehicles that are either readily available for use or can be on a mass scale. This includes ethanol fuel, methanol fuel, Flexible-fuel vehicles in Brazil, flexible-fuel vehicles in the United States, and electric vehicles including Tesla Motors.
Funding for the film came from Patrón tequila founder John Paul DeJoria, Rhino Films executive Stephen Nemeth and the Fuel Freedom Foundation.

## Criticism

Pump has been criticised for promoting fossil fuel production such as fracking and methanol from fossil gas, as well as promoting biofuels, which are controversial due to their competition for agricultural land with food production and high emissions. For instance, one peer-reviewed paper found that maize ethanol is estimated to have a higher emissions impact than gasoline and diesel, once carbon opportunity costs are factored in, and substantially higher emissions than solar-powered electric vehicles. Pump was partly funded by the Fuel Freedom Foundation, whose aim is to reduce American dependence on imported oil through replacing it with US-produced methanol from fossil gas, compressed natural gas (obtained by fracking) and biofuels. These solutions are promoted in Pump, which includes an interview with John Hofmeister, Advisory Board member of the Fuel Freedom Foundation and former President of Shell Oil Co.
# Esproquin

Esproquin is an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist derived from tetrahydroisoquinoline. It has a positive inotropic effect, suggesting potential use in treatment of chronic heart failure.
# Abdus Selim

Abdus Selim (born 19 September 1945) is a Bangladeshi academic, writer and translator. He was awarded Bangla Academy Literary Award in 2015 in the translation category and Shaheed Muneir Chowdhury Award in 2010 for his contribution to theatre. He is currently a faculty member of the Department of English Language-Literature at Central Women's University.

## Background

Selim completed his bachelor's and master's in English from the University of Dhaka. He got his breakthrough in translation work by translating Bertolt Brecht's Life of Galileo in 1975 on a request by film director Masihuddin Shaker and was published in 1979. Nagorik Natya Sampradaya theatre group staged the play under the direction of Ataur Rahman in 1988.

## Career

Selim taught at the teachers' training college in Libya as well as in England, United States and Germany. He occasionally teaches the Aesthetics of Theatre at Ramendu Majumdar's theatre school. He served as the vice-president and an executive body member of International Theatre Institute. He was a faculty member of the English Department at North South University.
Majority of the drama plays translated by Selim have been directed by Ataur Rahman.

## Translation works

* Life of Galileo, Mother Courage and Her Children and Round Heads and Pointed Heads by Bertolt Brecht
* Lady from the Sea by Henrik Ibsen
* One Hundred Sacks of Rice by Yūzō Yamamoto
* The Homecoming and The Birthday Party by Harold Pinter
* Play with a Tiger by Doris Lessing
* Nocturnal Wanderer by Gao Xingjian
* Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare
* Would-be Gentleman by Moliere
* The Mousetrap by Agatha Christie
* Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Caroll
* The Government Inspector of Nikolai Gogol

## Awards

* Bangla Academy Literary Award (2005)
* Uchimura Prize (2008)
* Shaheed Muneir Chowdhury Award (2010)
# Ge Fuyuan

Ge Fuyuan (格輔元; died November 7, 691) was a Chinese politician of the Tang dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou dynasty, serving briefly as a chancellor during Wu Zetian's reign.
It is not known when Ge Fuyuan was born, but it is known that he was from Bian Prefecture (汴州, roughly modern Kaifeng, Henan). Nothing is known about his father Ge Churen (格處仁), but his uncle Ge Deren (格德仁) was known for scholarship during Tang's predecessor Sui dynasty. Ge Fuyuan's brother Ge Xiyuan (格希元) served on the staff of Wu Zetian's son Li Xian and participated in Li Xian's project to write commentaries for the Book of Later Han.
Ge Fuyuan passed the imperial examination when he was young, and served in successively higher offices. As of 691, when Wu Zetian had already claimed the title of "emperor," establishing Zhou and interrupting Tang, Ge was serving as the imperial censor in charge of reviewing central government affairs (左肅政大夫, Zuo Suzheng Daifu) when Wu Zetian made him the minister of finance (地官尚書, Diguan Shangshu) and gave him the designation of Tong Fengge Luantai Pingzhangshi (同鳳閣鸞臺平章事), making him a chancellor de facto.
Just four months later, however, Ge offended Wu Zetian, as there had been a movement led by one Wang Qingzhi (王慶之) to have Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Chengsi made crown prince, displacing Wu Zetian's son Li Dan (formerly emperor until Wu Zetian took the throne in 690). Ge's senior colleague Cen Changqian opposed the movement and advocated that Wang's group of petitioners be disbanded, and Ge supported Cen. In late 691, Ge, Cen, and another chancellor Ouyang Tong were arrested by Wu Zetian's secret police official Lai Junchen and executed.
# Garfield, Kentucky

Garfield is an unincorporated community in Breckinridge County, Kentucky, United States.
A post office was established in the community in 1880 and named for the candidate and future president James A. Garfield. A previous post office had been in the community from 1862 to 1866 and was known as Prince of Wales, Kentucky with the postmaster being Hopkins D. Wales. The community had asphalt mines, an inn, churches and a stage coach stop. Abraham Lincoln stayed at the inn as a child in 1816 when the family was moving to Indiana. According to tradition, the slaves at the inn refused to eat with the poor white trash Lincoln.
The community sits at the junction of U.S. Highway 60 and Kentucky Route 86.
# Acanthodoxus machacalis

Acanthodoxus machacalis is a species of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae. It was described by Martins and Monné in 1974, and is known from Brazil.
# Atsina Lake

Atsina Lake is in Glacier National Park in the U. S. state of Montana, just to the west of Pyramid Peak. Atsina Lake has several waterfalls nearby including Paiota Falls, Atsina Falls and the Mokowanis Cascade.
# Richard William Ford

Richard William Ford (9 January 1822 – 1900) was a Portsmouth solicitor and businessman, and mayor (in 1864–65) and alderman of the city.
One of his sons was the lawyer and novelist Douglas Morey Ford. Other children were Charles (Lt. Col. 1845–1918), Archibald Henry (Architect, 1846–1930), Harriett (1847–1903), Annie Emma (1849), Richard McArthur (1850–1851), Edward Carrington (1853–1854), Arthur Vernon (Physician, 1854–1918), Emma Beatrice (1856–?) and Richard William (Gen. Kt. 1857–1925).
# Aronson v. Lewis

Aronson v Lewis, 473 A.2d 805 (Del. 1984), is a US corporate law case, from Delaware concerning the possibility of a shareholder to bring a derivative suit.

## Facts

A shareholder claimed that the directors of Meyers Parking System Inc. had improperly wasted corporate assets. The CEO, Mr Fink, then 75 years old, was also a 47% shareholder and its founder. It was alleged he personally selected the other directors. They had given to Mr Fink a generous five year employment contract, a subsequent term as a consultant with a large salary, and an annual bonus equal to 5% of the company's pre tax profits. The contract also said that this continued regardless of Mr Fink's continued ability to perform the job.

## Judgment

Justice Moore rejected the claim on the ground that the plaintiff had not shown that making a demand on the board would have been futile. He held that the 'business judgment rule' was applicable. This meant,
   a presumption that in making a business decision, the directors of a corporation acted on an informed basis in good faith and in the honest belief that the action was taken in the best interests of the company.
# Bill Horstmeyer

William Alan Horstmeyer (July 4, 1930 – August 22, 1964) was an American racing driver.
The 34 year old Horstmeyer was an experienced midget car and sprint car racer when he made his Championship Car debut at the Illinois State Fairgrounds Racetrack for the Tony Bettenhausen Memorial in August 1964. On lap 24 his car brushed the outside wall entering the front stretch and lost a wheel, which caused that corner to dig into the dirt, flipping the car several times. The car landed upside down and on fire with Horstmeyer trapped inside. Horstmeyer died of burn injuries later that day.
# Erikodus

Erikodus is an extinct genus of caseodontid eugeneodont from the Late Permian of Greenland. A single species, E. groenlandicus, is known, which was originally classified as a species of Agassizodus.
# Quảng Phú, Quảng Bình

Quảng Phú is a commune (xã) and village in Quảng Trạch District, Quảng Bình Province, in Vietnam.
12°58′N 109°11′E﻿ / ﻿12.967°N 109.183°E﻿ / 12.967; 109.183
* This article about a location in Quảng Bình province, Vietnam is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Aruwa

Aruwa is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Aruwa Ameh (1990–2011), Nigerian footballer
* Mohammed Aruwa (1948–2018), Nigerian senator
# Estádio Nacional da Tundavala

Estádio Nacional da Tundavala is a multi-use stadium in Lubango, Huíla Province, Angola. Completed in 2010, it is used mostly for football matches and hosted some events of the 2010 African Cup of Nations. The stadium has a capacity of 20,000 people.
The stadium is also often used by the football club Clube Desportivo Da Huila as their home ground for the professional football league in Angola, called Girabola.
# Atzori

Atzori is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Daniel Atzori (born 1981), Italian writer
* Fernando Atzori (1942-2020), Italian flyweight boxer
* Gianluca Atzori (born 1971), Italian football player and manager
* Simona Atzori (born 1974), Italian artist and dancer
# Gökçeağaç

Gökçeağaç can refer to:
* Gökçeağaç, Susurluk
* Gökçeağaç, Uğurludağ
* Gökçeağaç, Yığılca
# Pterolophia ochreovittata

Pterolophia ochreovittata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938.
# Axel Johannessen

Axel Theodor Johannessen (29 May 1849 – 2 March 1926) was a Norwegian physician, pediatrician, professor at University of Oslo and senior doctor at Rikshospitalet Hospital in Oslo.

## Background

He was born in Christiania (now Oslo), Norway. He was the son of Christen Johannessen (1814-1903) and Christine Oline Thorkildsen (1820-1915). He graduated artium in 1866. He was a student at the Royal Frederick University (now University of Oslo) and became a cand.med. in 1875. He followed with a study trip to Germany, Austria and Italy to study infectious diseases based on the new subject of bacteriology.

## Career

In 1876 Johannessen moved to Bærum, where he worked as a doctor at Bærums Verk. During 1885–1886, Johannessen studied the occurrence of struma and two years later undertook a trip to hospitals in Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, France and Denmark to study the treatment of tuberculosis.
In 1891 Johannessen was appointed lecturer in childhood diseases at the University of Kristiania. From 1893 he was also a senior doctor at Rikshospitalet's newly established children's department, and in 1895 he was appointed as a professor in childhood diseases. He was one of the first pediatricians in Norway and founded the discipline of pediatrics at the university. He also founded the Norwegian Society of Pediatricians and served as its president until 1922.

## Personal life

In 1876, he married Lina Vedastine Malthe (1849-1926) who was the sister of surgeon Alexander Malthe.
Axel Johannessen was awarded the Crown Prince's Gold Metal (Kronprinsens gullmedalje) by the University of Oslo in 1882. He received the Order of St. Olav (Knight First Class) in 1907 .
# Hampea dukei

Hampea dukei is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is found only in Panama.
# George Kern

George Calvin Kern Jr. (April 19, 1926 – November 27, 2012), a native of Baltimore, Maryland, was a leading New York corporate lawyer in the 1970s and 1980s.

## Biography

Kern graduated with an A.B. from the School of Public and International Affairs (now Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs) from Princeton University in 1947 after completing a senior thesis titled "War Beyond the Law - The Efforts to Outlaw War from Versailles to Nurnberg." After graduating from Yale Law School in 1952, Kern joined Sullivan & Cromwell where he became a partner in 1960. Kern was widely viewed among the legal professional as a uniquely colorful figure who dabbled in all aspects of corporate law. When the mergers & acquisitions boom started in the 1970s, most established corporate law firms refused this sort of work and left it to upstarts such as Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom and Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz. Kern, alone among elite Wall Street corporate lawyers, understood that mergers would change the face of corporate America and relished the takeover battles of the day. Kern was widely viewed as one of the early leaders at the M&A bar together with Joseph H. Flom and Martin Lipton. Kern retired from active practice in 1994.
# Embassy of Montenegro, Tirana

The Montenegrin Embassy inTirana (Montenegrin: Ambasada Crne Gore u Tirani) is Montenegro's diplomatic mission to Albania. It is located at Rr. Jul Varibova 11.
The current Ambassador of Montenegro to Albania is Željko Perović.
# Estádio Municipal dos Amaros

Estádio Municipal dos Amaros is a stadium in Itápolis, Brazil. It has a capacity of 6,000 spectators. It was the home of Oeste Futebol Clube before they moved to Barueri.
# Atzompa

Atzompa may refer to:
* San Gregorio Atzompa, Puebla
* San Juan Atzompa, Puebla
* Santa María Atzompa, Oaxaca
* Soledad Atzompa, Veracruz

## Others

* Green glazed pottery of Atzompa (Oaxaca)
# Bertilsson

Bertilsson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carl Bertilsson (1889–1968), Swedish gymnast who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics
* Henrik Bertilsson (born 1969), retired Swedish professional football forward
* Johan Bertilsson (born 1988), Swedish footballer
* Per Bertilsson (1892–1972), Swedish gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics
* Simon Bertilsson (born 1991), Swedish ice hockey player
* Stig Bertilsson (born 1950), Swedish politician and entrepreneur, member of the Swedish parliament 1987–1996
# Arthur Grenfell Clarke

Arthur Grenfell Clarke CMG (Chinese: 歧樂嘉; 17 August 1906 – 15 August 1993) was a British civil servant in Hong Kong who rose to hold the position of Financial Secretary from 1952–61. He was the first of three successive financial secretaries whose support for free market economic policies helped turn postwar Hong Kong into a thriving economy.

## Early years

Clarke was born in Athlone, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to English parents Harry and Susan (Garty) Clarke. He was educated at Mountjoy School, Dublin and Trinity College, Dublin. He came to Hong Kong in 1929. From 1940 to 1941, in the period up to the Japanese invasion, he was Commissioner of War Taxation.
After the war, he became Deputy Financial Secretary, holding the post from 1945 to 1951. He then took over as Financial Secretary when his predecessor, Sir Geoffrey Follows, retired at the end of 1951.

## As Financial Secretary

Clarke oversaw Hong Kong's finances during a period of dramatic economic growth, and an expansion of the reach of government, which had hitherto had a skeletal role in the lives of most Hong Kong residents. Nevertheless, like most of his predecessors and successors, his principles were that the government should exercise minimal intervention in the practical economic activity of the territory.
He held the post of Financial Secretary during the 1953 Shek Kip Mei Fire, which led to the government's rapid introduction of a public housing programme: within three years some 200,000 people were so accommodated. Public spending increased from HK$285 million in 1952, when Clarke took up the post, to $1,072 million in 1961 when he left. Nevertheless, taxes were not raised, with the standard rate kept at 12.5 percent throughout his tenure, yet the government's finances were consistently in surplus as a result of Hong Kong's growing economy. Indeed, the territory's reserves increased from $219 million to $412 million under his stewardship.
Like his two successors, Clarke tried unsuccessfully to introduce a normal (full, schedular) income tax.
In 1961, he raised property tax from 6.25 percent to 12.5 percent, following a failed attempt seven years earlier, under opposition from the Chinese business community.

## Farewell

In his final budget speech, on 1 March 1961, Clarke offered advice that highlights the success of post-war Hong Kong:
    "I expect, too, that my successor will make exactly the same mistake that I have always made. He will underestimate revenue. He will underestimate his revenue, because, like me, like so many of us, he will never be able to comprehend how new and successful industries can be created overnight out of nothing, in the face of every possible handicap; how new trade can suddenly start up in some way that has never been thought of before; he, like me, will never be able to comprehend how on earth our enterprising, ingenious, hardworking people can ever manage to accomplish so much with so little."
He died in Foxrock, Dublin in 1993.

## Recognition

Clarke was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1953.
# Autosticha wufengensis

Autosticha wufengensis is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by S.X. Wang in 2004. It is found in China (Hubei).
# Birgitta Tolksdorf

Birgitta Anna Katharina Tolksdorf (born December 9, 1947, in Osnabrück, Lower Saxony), who changed her name to Gittanna Tolksdorf, is a German-American actress, best known in the United States for her role on the television soap opera Love of Life, playing Arlene Lovett from 1974 to 1980.

## Early life and education

Tolksdorf was born in Osnabrück, Germany, to Heinz Tolksdorf, a veterinarian, and his wife. In 1952, as a young child, she immigrated with her parents and five siblings to the United States, where they lived in Washington, Missouri. After attending high school in Washington, Tolksdorf studied music and drama at Fontbonne College, St. Louis, and took part in the college choir and theatre productions. She became a US citizen in 1963.

## Career

In 1974, Tolksdorf appeared in William Douglas Home's play The Secretary Bird at the Fisher Theatre, Detroit, in the role of the secretary. Later the same year, she was cast as Arlene Lovett in the soap opera Love of Life, a role she continued to play until the series ended in early 1980. She reportedly declined an offer to join The Young and the Restless in order to try out for theatre roles in New York.

## Personal life

She was married to Daniel Bannister, an attorney in Hermann, Missouri; he was born in 1958. They divorced in 2001
# Audactus

Audactus may refer to either:
* St Audactus (d. AD 303), the companion in martyrdom of St Felix of Thibiuca
* St Adauctus, the legendary companion in martyrdom of a different St Felix supposedly also murdered in 303