OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gryon (wasp)

Gryon is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Platygastridae.

## Species

* Gryon austrafricanum Mineo, 1979
* Gryon basilwskyi (Risbec, 1957)
* Gryon basokoi (Risbec, 1958)
* Gryon bimaculatum Mineo, 1983
* Gryon bini Mineo, 1983
* Gryon charon (Nixon, 1934)
* Gryon coum (Nixon, 1934)
* Gryon eugeniae (Risbec, 1953)
* Gryon festivum (Kieffer, 1910)
* Gryon fulviventre (Crawford, 1912)
* Gryon giganteum Mineo, 1983
* Gryon hiberus (Nixon, 1934)
* Gryon ialokombae Mineo, 1983
* Gryon iammancoi Mineo, 1983
* Gryon janus (Nixon, 1934)
* Gryon kelnerpillauti Mineo, 1983
* Gryon kentyotum Mineo, 1982
* Gryon letus (Nixon, 1934)
* Gryon magnoculo Mineo, 1983
* Gryon mirperusi (Risbec, 1950)
* Gryon missellum Haliday, 1833
* Gryon morosum Mineo, 1983
* Gryon myndus (Nixon, 1934)
* Gryon naevium (Nixon, 1934)
* Gryon nitens (Szabó, 1963)
* Gryon oculatum Mineo, 1983
* Gryon odontogusi (Risbec, 1955)
* Gryon pappi Mineo, 1983
* Gryon paracharontis Mineo, 1982
* Gryon parasomaliense Mineo, 1983
* Gryon pisum Nixon, 1934
* Gryon rhinocori (Risbec, 1950)
* Gryon rugulosum (Fouts, 1934)
* Gryon sancti Mineo, 1983
* Gryon saxatile (Kieffer, 1910)
* Gryon scutidepressi Mineo, 1983
* Gryon sesbaniae (Risbec, 1956)
* Gryon somaliense Mineo, 1983
* Gryon urum Mineo, 1982
* Gryon watshami Mineo, 1983
* Gryon zimbabwense Mineo, 1983
# Glycoside hydrolase family 11

In molecular biology, Glycoside hydrolase family 11 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.
Glycoside hydrolase family 11 CAZY GH_11 comprises enzymes with only one known activity, xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8). These enzymes were formerly known as cellulase family G.
# Threefold division of England

The threefold division of England refers to the three different legal jurisdictions, Wessex, Mercia and the Danelaw, into which the Kingdom of England was divided, from the time of Cnut the Great (1016-1035) to the reign of King Stephen (1135-1154). These three areas each had their own separate legal system within England, inherited from the former kingdoms of Wessex and Mercia and the formerly Danish controlled territories of Northern and Eastern England.

## History

The Threefold Division is mentioned in the laws of Cnut the Great, William the Conqueror, Henry I, and Stephen who reigned up to the year 1154. The Henrician legal reforms of Henry II resulted in a simplification of legal systems used in England and the Threefold Division disappeared from legal texts after the 1150s.

## Structure

Each territory comprised a number of shires. Wessex had nine shires, the Danelaw fifteen shires, and Mercia eight shires. Cornwall, Scotland, Strathclyde, Wales and the Isle of Wight were not included within these legal jurisdictions. Cornwall itself is separately mentioned in the laws as being divided into seven shires, these later became known as the hundreds of Cornwall. In the far North of England the shire structure was fairly new and the northern border with Scotland and Strathclyde was in a state of constant change during this period.

## Leges Henrici Primi

The Leges Henrici Primi (Laws of Henry I), dated to circa 1115, define the Threefold Division of England as follows: "England has thirty-two shires besides Cumberland (Strathclyde) and Cornwall. In Cornwall are seven small shires. Scotland, Bretland (Wales) and the Isle of Wight are excepted. These thirty-two shires are divided according to three laws, Wessexlaw, Danelaw, and Mercianlaw. The Wessexlaw has nine shires, Sussex, Surrey, Kent, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Hampshire, Somerset, Dorset, Devonshire. The Danelaw has fifteen shires, Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincoln-shire, Northamptonshire, Huntingdonshire, Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, Buckinghamshire. The Mercianlaw has eight shires, Herefordshire Gloucestershire, Worcestershire, Shropshire, Cheshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, Oxfordshire."
# CitizenShipper

CitizenShipper is an American online auction-based peer-to-peer shipping marketplace that aims to connect shipping customers with couriers and transport providers. The company matches "citizen shippers" to couriers and drivers who bid on shipments in a reverse auction format. CitizenShipper drivers ship many items including vehicles and boats, but the strongest focus is on pet transportation.

## History

Physicist Richard Obousy founded CitizenShipper in 2008, citing both high gas prices and U.S. Department of Transportation figures suggesting empty trucks account for 29% of single-unit truck traffic.
As a graduate student at Baylor University, Obousy wondered how he could make a little extra money for gas each month by transporting items for people with the spare capacity in his vehicle.
He imagined there were other drivers doing the same type of repetitive routes who would be interested in making extra cash. Based on this premise, he launched a very basic version of CitizenShipper in 2008 on a budget of $2,000. The earliest version of the website simply connected shippers with drivers. There were no added features such as integrated messaging, driver profiles, or background checks.
The company's website is designed to match people who need items shipped economically to certain locations with people already traveling in those directions, thus reducing overall carbon emissions. Obousy believes clients "can make a significant impact on reducing the country's carbon footprint." CitizenShipper is available nationally and now has drivers in all 50 U.S. states.

## In the news

CitizenShipper has been mentioned in online articles that feature "side hustles" and flexible job opportunities, including the Los Angeles Times and Entrepreneur. The New York Times suggested CitizenShipper as an alternative option to flying pets in airplanes. Baseline has named driving on CitizenShipper as a niche business option. "[CitizenShipper] is a good example of a niche business set to thrive ... As the number one pet transport marketplace in the US, its Uber-like ability to move beloved animals safely from point A to point B is a popular service."
ReadWrite has praised CitizenShipper's community and how it has helped shape the brand and said the transactions have "a very human touch". In a study of how to differentiate companies, Inc. said CitizenShipper "built on its core platform by adding proven, value-rich features over time" instead of trying to invent completely new services.

## Recognition

It's been accredited by the Better Business Bureau since 2018 and has an A rating.
# Autovía A-306

The Autovía A-306 is a highway in Spain. It passes through Andalusia.
# Kissi Kama Chiefdom

Kissi Kama Chiefdom is a chiefdom in Kailahun District of Sierra Leone. Its capital is Dea.
# Congress (Secular)

Congress (Secular), is a political party in Kerala, India, it is a residual faction of Indian Congress (Socialist) that was formed in 1978. It is currently a part of Left Democratic Front in Kerala.

## Timeline

In 1980 A. K. Antony part of Congress (A) left Indian Congress (Socialist) and gave support to LDF. In 1982, when Antony joined back Indian National Congress a faction of Congress (A) rebelled and stayed with LDF as Congress (S). This included MLA's such as P. C. Chacko, A. K. Saseendran, Kadannappalli Ramachandran etc.
In 2001, for a brief period Congress (S) merged with Nationalist Congress Party. In 2003, Kadannappalli Ramachandran left NCP and reconstituted the party.

## Legislative presence

It has one MLA, Kadannappalli Ramachandran from Kannur district and no Member of parliament in any house.

## Electoral performance

Kerala Legislative Assembly election results :
| Election Year | Alliance | Seats contested | Seats won | Total Votes | Percentage of votes | +/- Vote |
| 2021 | LDF | 1 | 1 / 140 | 60,313 | 0.29% | 0.02% |
| 2016 | LDF | 1 | 1 / 140 | 54,347 | 0.27% | 0.01% |
| 2011 | LDF | 1 | 0 / 140 | 48,984 | 0.28% | 0.19% |
| 2006 | LDF | 1 | 1 / 140 | 72,579 | 0.47% | New |
# Shirley McGreal

Shirley McGreal OBE (born Shirley Pollitt; 4 May 1934 – 20 November 2021) was a British animal welfare activist and conservationist. She founded the International Primate Protection League.

## Early life and education

McGreal was born Shirley Pollitt in Mobberley, Cheshire, on 4 May 1934. Her parents were Kate (née Pearson) and Allan Pollitt, a bank manager. She had an identical twin sister, Jean, with whom she developed an early interest in activism.
She studied Latin and French at Royal Holloway, University of London. She graduated in 1955. She studied postgraduate French at the University of Illinois. She received a PhD in education in 1971 from the University of Cincinnati.

## Animal welfare

McGreal's entry into the protection of animals was in 1971 when she was in Thailand. At the Bangkok Airport she saw crates with monkeys that were being shipped. She looked for an organization that could help her save such animals but found none. In 1973 she founded the International Primate Protection League. She settled the headquarters of the organization in Summerville, South Carolina and initiated a sanctuary for gibbon monkeys.
She achieved bans on the export of primates in India and Bangladesh, and protested the use of the animals at a University of California, Davis laboratory of the United States government and the US Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute. She uncovered a smuggling operation where primates were being sent from other countries to Singapore for export. She exposed the operation in an article in the Bangkok Post, which resulted in action by the Singapore government. She argued against euthanizing chimps that have been used in medical research, saying that they deserve "a decent retirement".
Although she decried the use of animals in research, she conceded that the practice would continue and therefore advocated for better living conditions and quality of life for the animals.
In 1983 she wrote a letter to the editor of the Journal of Medical Primatology criticizing the Austrian manufacturer Immuno AG, for its treatment of animals in its research. Immuno responded by charging McGreal with libel. Although it was argued that the letter was an opinion and therefore not libelous, McGreal settled due to the cost of continuing the suit.

## Personal life and death

She married John McGreal, an engineer, in 1960. They lived in India and Thailand, where he was working for the United Nations. She died at her residence on the grounds of the sanctuary she founded in Summerville, South Carolina on 20 November 2021, at the age of 87.

## Awards and recognition

* Order of the British Empire, 2008
* Interpol Wildlife Crime Group and the Dutch Police League, 1994
# H. Walter Webb

Henry Walter Webb Sr. (May 6, 1852 – June 18, 1900) was an American railway executive with the New York Central Railroad under Cornelius Vanderbilt and Chauncey Depew. He was also Vice President of the Wagner Palace Car Co.

## Early life

Webb was born on May 6, 1852, in Tarrytown, New York. He was the son of James Watson Webb (1802–1884), a United States Minister to Brazil, and his father's second wife, Laura Virginia Cram (1826–1890). Among his siblings was brother Dr. William Seward Webb, who was married to Eliza Osgood Vanderbilt; and Alexander Steward Webb, the longstanding President of City College of New York.
Webb was head of his class in the Columbia College School of Mines (now incorporated into the School of Engineering and Applied Science). He was a member of the fraternity St. Anthony Hall. While still an undergraduate, he participated in the Orton expedition that ascended the Amazon River almost to its source, and crossing the Andes, he exited South America by way of Peru, returning to the US by ship. He then studied law, also at Columbia, and passed the bar in 1875.

## Career

After briefly practiced law, which he found unsatisfying, he soon thereafter became active in Wall Street banking and brokerage. He drifted into the railway business almost by accident through his brother, Dr. William Seward Webb, who married Eliza Vanderbilt, a daughter of William H. Vanderbilt, and became interested in the Wagner Palace Car Company which the Vanderbilts controlled. When Webster Wagner, the company's president was suddenly crushed between two of his own cars in 1882, Dr. Webb became president of the company and invited his brother to join it.
Webb was an advocate of fast railway travel and ran what was then the fastest railway train in the world, averaging nearly 60 miles per hour over 450 miles. In 1893 he made a bold and ultimately true prediction for the next hundred years: By 1993, a traveler will be able to have his breakfast in New York City and his evening meal in Chicago.
Webb lived in Scarborough, New York, was Show Chairman of the Westminster Kennel Club (1880–1882), subscriber to the Blackstone Memorial (1891), and helped dedicate a bronze statue of Christopher Columbus in Central Park (1894).
H. Walter Webb retired due to tuberculosis around 1897.

## Personal life

In 1884, Webb married Leila Howard Griswold (1856–1910), and they had three children, two of whom survived to adulthood:
* Henry Walter Webb Jr. (c.1885–1919)
* John Griswold Webb (1890–1934), a New York State Senator who married Anne Pendleton Rogers (1894–1983).
He died from heart trouble on June 18, 1900, at his country residence, Beechwood, in Scarborough, New York. After his death, his widow married architect and interior decorator Ogden Codman Jr., best known for novel co-authored with Edith Wharton, The Decoration of Houses (1897), which became a standard in American interior design.
# Therapy (MiChi album)

Therapy is the second major label studio album released by British-Japanese musician MiChi, to be released on 21 March 2012 by Sony Music Entertainment. The record features just six previously unheard songs, after the remaining seven were released to the public as tracks on the various singles and EPs released in the lead up to the album's release. The album continues MiChi's tradition of including another addition to the "MadNesS Vol." series, with this being the third entrant, after the two previous released on Michi Madness and Up to You.
Three versions of the album are being released; a standard CD edition, and two special editions; Type A will include an additional DVD featuring six of MiCho's music videos, while Type B will be packaged with an additional CD with a seven-track remix bundle, with one of the remixes being provided by the French Ed Banger Record label, mixed by Busy P and DSL.

## Reception

The album received an extremely positive critical reception, with critics appreciating MiChi experimenting with the boundaries of J-Pop, while still maintaining a radio-friendly sound.
Japan-focused blog Tokyohive, when "Love Is" and "Yeah Yeah Yeah!!!" were released on the Love Is EP, gave the tracks a positive review; stating "If you like dance pop music, then you'll like this". They went on the describe each song in detail, "Love Is" (typeset as "LOVE is"), reminds of an early nineties song that belongs in Flashdance. The second track, "Yeah Yeah Yeah!!!" (typeset as "YEAH YEAH YEAH!!!"), is your typical pop song with a catchy melody and something you'd sing in karaoke."
In another review by The Japan Times, reviewer Patrick St. Michel declares "2012 has its first great J-pop album. Her sophomore full-length 'Therapy' rarely strays from the preferred commercial format — peppy pop numbers coupled with ballads. But MiChi refreshes this dusty blueprint without sacrificing catchiness — and so pointing a better way for J-pop."

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| Oricon Daily Chart | 22 |
# Glycoside hydrolase family 1

Glycoside hydrolase family 1 is a family of glycoside hydrolases. Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.
Glycoside hydrolase family 1 CAZY GH_1 comprises enzymes with a number of known activities; beta-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21); beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23); 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.85); 6-phospho-beta-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.86); lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (EC 3.2.1.62), lactase (EC 3.2.1.108); beta-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25); myrosinase (EC 3.2.1.147).

## Subfamilies

* 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase InterPro: IPR005928

## Human proteins containing this domain

GBA3; KL; KLB; LCT; LCTL;
# Klondyke, Indiana

Klondyke is an unincorporated community in Clinton Township, Vermillion County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

## History

The town was named for the local Klondyke Mines, which were active in the early 1900s.

## Geography

Klondyke is located at 39°40′6″N 87°26′16″W﻿ / ﻿39.66833°N 87.43778°W﻿ / 39.66833; -87.43778 (39.668400, -87.437790).
# Hawking energy

The Hawking energy or Hawking mass is one of the possible definitions of mass in general relativity. It is a measure of the bending of ingoing and outgoing rays of light that are orthogonal to a 2-sphere surrounding the region of space whose mass is to be defined.

## Definition

Let $({\mathcal {M}}^{3},g_{ab})$ be a 3-dimensional sub-manifold of a relativistic spacetime, and let $\Sigma \subset {\mathcal {M}}^{3}$ be a closed 2-surface. Then the Hawking mass $m_{H}(\Sigma )$ of $\Sigma$ is defined to be
    $m_{H}(\Sigma ):={\sqrt {\frac {{\text{Area}}\,\Sigma }{16\pi }}}\left(1-{\frac {1}{16\pi }}\int _{\Sigma }H^{2}da\right),$
where $H$ is the mean curvature of $\Sigma$.

## Properties

In the Schwarzschild metric, the Hawking mass of any sphere $S_{r}$ about the central mass is equal to the value $m$ of the central mass.
A result of Geroch implies that Hawking mass satisfies an important monotonicity condition. Namely, if ${\mathcal {M}}^{3}$ has nonnegative scalar curvature, then the Hawking mass of $\Sigma$ is non-decreasing as the surface $\Sigma$ flows outward at a speed equal to the inverse of the mean curvature. In particular, if $\Sigma _{t}$ is a family of connected surfaces evolving according to
    ${\frac {dx}{dt}}={\frac {1}{H}}\nu (x),$
where $H$ is the mean curvature of $\Sigma _{t}$ and $\nu$ is the unit vector opposite of the mean curvature direction, then
    ${\frac {d}{dt}}m_{H}(\Sigma _{t})\geq 0.$
Said otherwise, Hawking mass is increasing for the inverse mean curvature flow.
Hawking mass is not necessarily positive. However, it is asymptotic to the ADM or the Bondi mass, depending on whether the surface is asymptotic to spatial infinity or null infinity.
# Autovía A-316

The Autovía A-316 is a highway in Andalusia, Spain.
The road starts at a junction with the N-322 at Úbeda. It heads south west through the olive groves to Jaén crossing the Guadalquivir. It ends with a junction with the N-432 at Alcaudete. To the west the N-316 and A340 connect to the Autovía A-44.
# Champagny Island

Champagny Island, known to the traditional owners as Nimenba, is an island off the coast of the Kimberley region in Western Australia.
Located on the western side of Camden Sound and part of the Champagny Islands group within the Bonaparte Archipelago, the island encompasses an area of 1,337 hectares (3,304 acres).
The Aboriginal Australian traditional owners of the area are the Dambimangari peoples of the Worrorran languages group, whose name for the island is Nimenba.
The island was named by Nicholas Baudin in 1801 after the French diplomat and statesman, Jean-Baptiste de Nompère de Champagny, 1st duc de Cadore.
Birds found on the island include the brown quail, eastern reef egret, brown falcon, whimbrel, beach stone-curlew, sooty oystercatcher, bar-shouldered dove, Horsfield's bronze-cuckoo, rainbow bee-eater and the red-capped plover.
It lies within the Camden Sound Marine Park that was gazetted in 2012 and covers an area of 7,062 square kilometres (2,727 sq mi). The park is the second largest in Western Australia after Shark Bay and links to the Prince Regent National Park. The area also includes Montgomery Reef and St George Basin.
# Haney Corner, Indiana

Haney Corner is an unincorporated community in Shelby Township, Ripley County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

## History

A post office called Haney's Corner was established in 1871, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1905.
# Kieran Creagh

Kieran Creagh, is an Irish Passionist priest, from Belfast, who survived being shot while working in South Africa, where he had founded a hospice (Leratong meaning place of love) to help sufferers of HIV/Aids.
Born in Belfast to Kate and Jim Creagh, Kieran studied in Queens University, Belfast, and at the age of 23 joined the Passionist order. He continued his studies, in the Milltown Institute in Dublin.
Fr. Kieran was the first person in Africa to be injected with a trial HIV vaccine, in 2004 he was named, Irish International Personality of the Year.
In February 2007, he was shot three times in his home, he survived, and his attackers were convicted. He returned to South Africa following his recovery but eventually, he returned to Ireland. He learned the Irish Language and ministered from 2012 until 2016 on Tory Island, Co. Donegal.
In 2016 Fr. Creagh was appointed to Holy Cross in Ardoyne, in Belfast.
Creagh's father, Jim Creagh, was a former UTV and Irish News journalist and his brother Liam Creagh is a journalist who has worked with BBC and Sky News.
# H. W. Wright

H. W. Wright (full name unknown, date of birth and death unknown) was an English first-class cricketer. Wright made a single first-class appearance for Hampshire in 1885, against the Marylebone Cricket Club.
# Astris (rocket engine)

The Astris was a liquid rocket engine burning the hypergolic propellant combination of Aerozine 50 and N$_2$O$_4$. A single engine powered Astris third stage of the failed Europa rocket.
On November 29, 1968, its inaugural flight, the Astris third stage exploded. On the second attempt in July 1969, the Astris engine failed to start. On the third attempt on June 11, 1970, the stage performed correctly, but the fairing failed to separate. On November 5, 1971, the Europa II launched from CSG ELA-1, had a mishap due to structural failure of the third stage. After this last failure the project was definitely cancelled.