OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Little (naval officer)

George Little (10 April 1754 – 22 July 1809) was a United States Navy officer. He served in the Massachusetts State Navy during the Revolutionary War and in the United States Navy during the Quasi-War with France.

## Military career

At age 25, Little was appointed first lieutenant of Massachusetts ship Protector in 1779, and was aboard in 1781 when she fought a running battle with the British ship Thames. In a later engagement, he was captured, imprisoned, but later escaped.
He was given command of Massachusetts ship Winthrop which captured two British privateers, armed brig Meriam, and a number of other vessels. Commissioned captain, USN, 4 March 1799, Little was given command of the frigate Boston, which was still under construction. At the end of June, Capt. Little served as member of the first U.S. Navy court martial, that of John Blake Cordis, second lieutenant of the Constitution and brother-in-law of Little's first lieutenant, Robert Haswell. The Boston sailed 24 July, on the first of two cruises down the American coast to the West Indies. The next year saw a second cruise, which culminated with the capture of the French corvette Le Berceau and seven other ships.
On their return, Little found himself in the middle of a political firestorm, the capture of Le Berceau having taken place two weeks after the signing of the Treaty of Mortefontaine had ended the Quasi-War. He and his fellow officers faced a court martial for the alleged looting of the personal possessions of the French officers, of which they would be acquitted but not without Little being dismissed by the Navy in 1801. This was not his only legal fight, as a challenge to the legitimacy of the taking of the Danish trader, the Flying Fish, would result in a legal case which, as Little v. Barreme, was heard by the United States Supreme Court in 1804, the ruling going against Little. Little also fought in court over an agreement with Silas Talbot to split the prize money for Les Deux Anges, taken by the Boston in January 1800. This case, Talbot v. Little, also reached the Supreme Court, but was eventually dismissed without hearing, leaving Little and his crew the victors.

## Namesakes

Two destroyers have been named USS Little in his honor.
# George Littlewort

George Littlewort (fl. 1826–48), was a chronometer and instrument maker operating from London, Bristol and Stroud. 17 Bridgewater Square and 4 Wilderness Row Goswell Rd., Middlesex.
# Saturn Outhouse

Saturn Outhouse is an EP by the San Diego, California post-hardcore band Pitchfork, released in 1989 by Nemesis Records.
It is the band's only EP and is currently out of print. All 3 tracks were included on the 2003 CD re-release of the band's album Eucalyptus, on Swami Records.

## Track listing

* "Thin Ice"
* "Goat"
* "Sinking"

## Performers

* Rick Froberg (aka Rick Fork) – vocals
* John Reis – guitar
* Don Ankrom – bass
* Joey Piro – drums

## Album information

* Record label: Nemesis Records
* Recorded 1988 at Radio Tokyo
# Acromas Holdings

Acromas Holdings is a holding company formed in May 2007 by Charterhouse Capital Partners, CVC Capital Partners and Permira, to act as the parent company of Automobile Association and Saga, ahead of the companies' mergers in September 2007.
Acromas listed Saga on the London Stock Exchange through an initial public offering (IPO) in May 2014, followed by The AA in June that year.
# Acromargarita deynzeri

Nebularia deynzeri is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Mitridae, the miters or miter snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 20 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Philippines and Okinawa Island
# Acetate kinase (diphosphate)

In enzymology, an acetate kinase (diphosphate) (EC 2.7.2.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    diphosphate + acetate $\rightleftharpoons$ phosphate + acetyl phosphate
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are diphosphate and acetate, whereas its two products are phosphate and acetyl phosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with a carboxy group as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is diphosphate:acetate phosphotransferase. This enzyme is also called pyrophosphate-acetate phosphotransferase. This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism.
# Acetate kinase

In molecular biology, acetate kinase (EC 2.7.2.1), which is predominantly found in micro-organisms, facilitates the production of acetyl-CoA by phosphorylating acetate in the presence of ATP and a divalent cation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a major role in carbon cycle and can be utilized as a source of carbon and energy by bacteria. Salmonella typhimurium propionate kinase (StTdcD) catalyzes reversible transfer of the γ-phosphate of ATP to propionate during l-threonine degradation to propionate. Kinetic analysis revealed that StTdcD possesses broad ligand specificity and could be activated by various SCFAs (propionate>acetate≈butyrate), nucleotides (ATP≈GTP>CTP≈TTP; dATP>dGTP>dCTP) and metal ions (Mg$^{2+}$≈Mn$^{2+}$>Co$^{2+}$). Inhibition of StTdcD by tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates such as citrate, succinate, α-ketoglutarate and malate suggests that the enzyme could be under plausible feedback regulation. Crystal structures of StTdcD bound to PO$_4$ (phosphate), AMP, ATP, Ap4 (adenosine tetraphosphate), GMP, GDP, GTP, CMP and CTP revealed that binding of nucleotide mainly involves hydrophobic interactions with the base moiety and could account for the broad biochemical specificity observed between the enzyme and nucleotides. Modelling and site-directed mutagenesis studies suggest Ala88 to be an important residue involved in determining the rate of catalysis with SCFA substrates. Molecular dynamics simulations on monomeric and dimeric forms of StTdcD revealed plausible open and closed states, and also suggested role for dimerization in stabilizing segment 235-290 involved in interfacial interactions and ligand binding. Observation of an ethylene glycol molecule bound sufficiently close to the γ-phosphate in StTdcD complexes with triphosphate nucleotides supports direct in-line phosphoryl transfer. The enzyme is important in the process of glycolysis, enzyme levels being increased in the presence of excess glucose. The growth of a bacterial mutant lacking acetate kinase has been shown to be inhibited by glucose, suggesting that the enzyme is involved in excretion of excess carbohydrate. A related enzyme, butyrate kinase, facilitates the formation of butyryl-CoA by phosphorylating butyrate in the presence of ATP to form butyryl phosphate.
# Burntwick Island

Burntwick Island is an island in the estuary of the River Medway in Kent, United Kingdom. It is a flat, raised area of marshland around 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long and 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) wide among the tidal sand banks on the southern side of the estuary and separated from the British mainland of Chetney Marshes by a narrow channel known as Stangate Creek. The island is crossed by several narrow tidal channels that mean that at high tide the island is separated into several smaller islands.

## History

Until the 18th century, the island was part of the mainland and formed the northernmost area of the parish of Upchurch. A track that ran from Shoregate Lane at Ham Green can still be traced. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries it was used as a quarantine base for disease-infected ships, with the bodies of those who died usually buried on Deadman's Island 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the east. The island was also used for smuggling, particularly after rising customs duties in the late 18th century, with tea and spirits the most commonly smuggled items. In the first years of the 19th century, Burntwick became a hideout of the North Kent Gang, a notorious group of smugglers. In 1820 they were confronted by two blockade officers while unloading goods in Stangate Creek, resulting in serious injury to one of the officers and the escape of the perpetrators. The majority of the fifty-strong group were eventually captured with three executed on Penenden Heath near Maidstone and a further fifteen transported to Tasmania. The abolition of import duties in 1831 largely ended the practice of smuggling in the area.
In 1845 the crew of the naval ship HMS Eclair contracted yellow fever and HMS Rolla was sent to assist. The surgeon of Rolla, Sidney Bernard, moved to Eclair to treat the crew. On the ship's return to England, the authorities ordered the captain to moor in Stangate Creek to avoid spread of the disease and a cutter was deployed to prevent anyone leaving the ship. Bernard continued to tend to the crew until he also caught it and died aged 27 on 9 October 1845. He was buried on Burntwick Island and his grave, isolated among the marshy grasslands, is still visible.
The remains of a small house are also still visible on the island, home in the 1840s of shepherd James Woolley and his wife Sarah, and later home to Thomas Hoare and Emma Castleton from the 1870s. In the early 20th century, the tide began to flood the island and the sheep were removed to the mainland. Also in the 19th century, the island was used as a refuse dump and much of the ground there is still littered with Victorian pottery and glass.
The island then became the property of the Ministry of Defence and a battery was built there, later joined by a torpedo school and barracks during the Second World War. Since then it has been largely unused, becoming an important haven for seabirds, and is frequently fully submerged by the tide.
# Archie Ridley

Archibald Ernest Ridley (22 September 1869 – 1 February 1950) was a New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Canterbury from 1890 to 1910 and represented New Zealand in the 1890s.

## Personal life

Born in Monmouthshire in 1869, Archie Ridley was one of nine children of the Rev. Morris Samuel Ridley. He was educated in England and in New Zealand. He took up employment with Dalgety and Co. Ltd in Christchurch. He later worked on his own in Christchurch as an insurance broker.

## Cricket career

A middle-order batsman, Ridley played several seasons for Canterbury in the early 1890s with only moderate success. However, he was "Canterbury's outstanding outfield of the day", who took many spectacular catches. In the match against Otago in 1894-95, his running one-handed catch on the boundary was described by the Lyttelton Times as "the most sensational deep-field catch ever made in Christchurch".
He was selected to play for a New Zealand XV against the touring Australians early in the 1896-97 season, making 23 (the top score) and 20 in a loss for New Zealand. A few weeks later he played a first-class match for New Zealand against the visiting Queensland team, which New Zealand won. He scored 9 and 30.
In the match against Otago in 1897-98 Canterbury needed 155 to win and were 70 for five before Ridley, 76 not out, took Canterbury to a four-wicket victory helped by the lower-order batsmen. His was the highest score in the match; only two other batsmen had reached 30.
He was not selected in New Zealand's team to tour Australia in 1898-99. Dan Reese, who toured in the team, said of the team selection that "the greatest mistake [was] the omission of Archie Ridley of Canterbury". In March 1900, after Ridley top-scored with 63 for Canterbury in a two-day match against the touring Melbourne Cricket Club, the Australian Test cricketer Hugh Trumble said he was one of the best batsmen in New Zealand.
In November 1908, playing for his club Linwood in the Christchurch competition, Ridley scored 217 not out in three and a half hours in a total of 402, playing strokes "brilliantly yet neatly all round the wicket, his cutting and gliding being a treat". It was a record score for the competition until Carl Beal scored 242 not out in 1915. A few weeks later Ridley made 82 (his highest first-class score) and 26 in Canterbury's victory over Wellington.
# Archie Roberts (American football)

Arthur James Roberts Jr. (born November 4, 1942) is an American retired cardiac surgeon and former collegiate and professional football player. First attracting the attention of recruiters, in his youth he was quarterback for an undefeated Holyoke High School football team and described by Sports Illustrated as the most widely courted high school football player in New England at that time. He went on to play at Columbia University. He was drafted in the seventh round of the 1965 American Football League (AFL) draft by the New York Jets. In 1967, he was traded to the AFL Miami Dolphins, playing only one game with the team, in the final minutes of a 41–0 loss.
Roberts subsequently became a cardiac surgeon after graduating from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. He performed over 4,000 open-heart operations before retiring. He founded the New Jersey–based Living Heart Foundation in 2001.
# Savoury pattie

A savoury pattie is a battered and deep fried mashed potato, seasoned with sage. It is commonly sold in the British port towns of Hartlepool, Kingston upon Hull, Wirral, Liverpool, North Tyneside, Kirkwall and Thurso. It is a popular item in fish and chip shops, and is consumed either as a snack or as an inexpensive substitute for fish in a fish and chip meal.
There are additional pattie variations such as the meat pattie (corned beef) and the cheese pattie (cheese and onion), although these are not as popular as the savoury version. In certain parts of the North East and Cumbria fish patties are available also known as fish fritters. These consist of a disc of minced fish sandwiched by two slices of potato (rather than mashed potato as in other patties) and covered in batter. In West Yorkshire, these battered delicacies are called fishcakes or in Keighley, these are known locally as a fish scone. Patties can be of various shapes but are usually round or rectangular. In Hull patties are often consumed in a breadcake (local name for a bread roll or bun) and accompanied with chips; this is known as a "pattie buttie and chips".
When the patties were prepared on an industrial scale in Yorkshire, they were often made by women in white coats and white wellies. The women became known locally as Pattie Slappers and they had a reputation that you should not argue with them. A study into the lives of the Pattie Slappers was created into a memory project with Heritage Lottery Funding in 2012.
A version of the pattie appeared as one of the dishes served up in a heat of Masterchef in 2015, and Ricky Gervais tried one on the BBC programme The One Show.
# Aclidinium bromide/formoterol

Aclidinium bromide/formoterol, sold under the brand names Duaklir and Brimica, is a fixed-dose combination medication for inhalation, used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It consists of aclidinium bromide, a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, and formoterol, a long-acting β$_2$ agonist.
# Acoustic Christmas Carols: Cowboy Christmas II

Professional ratings :
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| AllMusic | |
Acoustic Christmas Carols: Cowboy Christmas II is the twenty-second album by American singer-songwriter Michael Martin Murphey and his second album of Christmas music. Recorded at St. James Episcopal Church in Taos, New Mexico, the church Murphey attended at the time, the album consists of carols from the nineteenth century or earlier played on acoustic instruments, among them "Silent Night" and "Joy to the World". Murphey's arrangements feature his own finger-picked guitar, accompanied by John McEuen on banjo or mandolin, or Paul Sadler on hammer dulcimer. Murphey's sons, Ryan and Brennan, play blues guitar licks on "Go Tell It on the Mountain", and his daughter, Laura, sings a duet with her father on "Silent Night". This is a "spare and reverent Christmas album, appropriate for a rustic celebration in a Western church."

## Track listing

* "Home Sweet Home" (Bishop, Paine) – 2:21
* "O Little Town of Bethlehem" (Brooks, Redner) – 4:29
* "The First Noël" (Sandys) – 4:41
* "In the Bleak Midwinter" (Holst, Rossetti) – 3:39
* "Twas in the Moon of Wintertime (Huron Carole)" (Middleton, Traditional) – 2:29
* "Away in a Manger" (Murray, Traditional) – 2:40
* "Joy to the World" (Mason, Watts) – 2:33
* "It Came Upon a Midnight Clear" (Sears, Willis) – 2:48
* "We Three Kings" (Hopkins) – 4:05
* "Go Tell It on the Mountain" (Traditional) – 3:35
* "Silent Night" (Gruber, Mohr) – 3:37
* "What Child Is This?" (Dix, Traditional) – 4:34
* "I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day" (Longfellow) – 2:40
* "Home Sweet Home" (reprise) (Bishop, Paine) – 1:26

## Credits

Music
* Michael Martin Murphey – vocals, guitar, tambourine, harmony vocals, arranger, producer, liner notes
* John McEuen – banjo, Indian drums, mandolin, tambourine, guitar
* Joey Miskulin – accordion, producer
* Ryan Murphey – guitar
* Paul Sadler – hammer dulcimer
Production
* Craig A. Wolf – engineer
* Dan Rudin – engineer, mixing
* Denny Purcell – mastering
* John Work – adaptation
* John F. Young – translation
# Sayabec station

Sayabec station is a Via Rail station in Sayabec, Quebec, Canada. Located on Rue Boulay (Route 132), it is a flag stop with no ticket service. Sayabec is served by Via Rail's Ocean; the Montreal – Gaspé train was suspended in 2013. Both trains share the same rail line between Montreal and Matapédia.
The old building of the Canadian National Railway station is a designated Heritage Railway Station. It has been renovated and relocated from its original location to a park in Sayabec. It now serves as a meeting hall and provides touristic information.
# Sayabec River

The Sayabec River is a fresh stream flowing through the municipality of Sayabec, in the La Matapédia Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the region of Bas-Saint-Laurent.

## Toponymy

The toponym “Sayabec River” was formalized on 5 December 1968 at the Commission de toponymie du Québec.
# Ardozyga banausodes

Ardozyga banausodes is a species of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1904. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.
The wingspan is about 15 mm (0.59 in). The forewings are light fuscous, sprinkled with dark fuscous with the stigmata cloudy, dark fuscous, the plical beneath the first discal, an additional dot beneath and sometimes sub-confluent with the second discal. There is a series of indistinct dark fuscous dots along the posterior part of the costa and termen. The hindwings are grey.
# Scaphinotus violaceus

Scaphinotus violaceus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Scaphinotus violaceus:
* Scaphinotus violacea carolinae Valentine
* Scaphinotus violacea violacea
# Gerald W. Johnson

Gerald W. Johnson may refer to:
* Gerald W. Johnson (journalist) (1890–1980), America journalist, editor, essayist, historian, biographer, and novelist
* Gerald W. Johnson (nuclear expert) (1917–2005), American nuclear expert and negotiator
* Gerald W. Johnson (military officer) (1919-2002), American fighter ace and Lieutenant General
* Gerald W. Johnson (Publisher) (1925- Present) Civil Rights leader, Businessman
# Burt Shavitz

Ingram Berg Shavitz (May 15, 1935 – July 5, 2015) professionally known as Burt Shavitz, was an American beekeeper and businessman notable for founding the Burt's Bees personal care products company with businesswoman Roxanne Quimby. Shavitz's likeness is featured on the Burt's Bees products.

## Early life

Burt Shavitz was born Ingram Shavitz to a Jewish family in Manhattan. He was raised in Great Neck, New York, and changed his name in 1953 when he finished high school. He spent time in the Army, and later while living in Manhattan he took photographs, including those of African American Muslim rallies and Bowery drug-dealers, that appeared in Time and Life magazines.

## Business career

Shavitz started as a hobby apiarist in New Paltz, NY, eventually settled in Maine, where he discovered beekeeping as a source of income and met Roxanne Quimby, who would sell his wax candles at local fairs. An increase in sales and production led to them launching Burt's Bees in the 1980s. As the partnership and business grew, operations were set up in North Carolina in 1994. Soon thereafter, the partnership between Shavitz and Quimby waned, leading to Quimby buying out Shavitz's stake in the company. In 2007, Clorox purchased Burt's Bees for more than $900 million. Shavitz was a self-described hippie, an avid outdoorsman who had little regard for material wealth but placed value on land, free open spaces for wildlife.

## Documentary

A documentary film, Burt's Buzz, was released in 2014. The film discussed the life of Shavitz, his history with Burt's Bees, and his later activities as a beekeeper and businessman.

## Death

Shavitz died on July 5, 2015, at the age of 80 in Bangor, Maine, from respiratory problems. He resided in Parkman, Maine.
# Acroloxidae

Acroloxidae, commonly known as river limpets, are a taxonomic family of very small, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod limpet-like mollusks with a simple flattened conical shell in the clade Hygrophila.
Acroloxidae is the only family within the superfamily Acroloxoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

## Distribution

Worldwide.

## Anatomy

Pulmones are reduced. Sexual cavity and accessory gills are on the right side.

## Genera

Genera within the family Acroloxidae include:
* Acroloxus Beck, 1838 - type genus
* Baicalancylus Starobogatov, 1967
* Frolikhiancylus Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1993
* Gerstfeldtiancylus Starobogatov, 1989
* Pseudancylastrum Lindholm, 1909

### Synonyms

* Costovelletia Starobogatov, 1991: synonym of Acroloxus H. Beck, 1838 (a junior synonym)
* Dinarancylus Starobogatov, 1991: synonym of Acroloxus H. Beck, 1838 (a junior synonym)
* Velletia J. E. Gray, 1840: synonym of Acroloxus H. Beck, 1838 (junior objective synonym)
# Acraea speciosa

Acraea speciosa is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Angola and Zambia.

## Description

Very close to Acraea anacreon q.v for diagnosis

## Taxonomy

It is a member of the Acraea rahira species group.- but see also Pierre & Bernaud, 2014
# George Schmoll

George Schmoll (25 November 1870 – 20 October 1942) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Auckland and Wellington between 1903 and 1913.
# Arctoseius austriacus

Arctoseius austriacus is a species of mite in the family Ascidae.
# Arctoseius cetratus

Arctoseius cetratus is a species of mite in the family Ascidae.
# Argemone corymbosa

Argemone corymbosa, the Mojave prickly poppy, is a flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae native to the eastern Mojave Desert of the southwestern United States. It especially common around Cima, California and the nearby community of Kelso, California. The plant grows in sandy places and on dry slopes, and is very similar to desert prickly poppy.

## Description

It is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to 40–80 cm tall, with distinctive orange latex in the stems. The leaves are 8–15 cm long, with prickly margins. The flowers are 4–8 cm diameter, with four white petals and an orange-colored center.