# Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust

The Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust (BBOWT), is a Wildlife Trust covering the counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire in England.
The trust was formerly called the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Naturalists' Trust (BBONT).
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## Sites
### Berkshire

| Site | Area | Location | Public access | Classifications | Description |
| Audrey's Meadow | 2.0 hectares (4.9 acres) | Greenham 51°23′26″N 1°18′08″W﻿ / ﻿51.3905°N 1.3022°W﻿ / 51.3905; -1.3022﻿ (Audrey's Meadow) SU 486 659 | YES | | The site is named after Mrs Audrey Appleby, who set up the Friends of Audrey's Meadow. Invertebrates include brown hawker and emperor dragonflies, ringlet, small skipper and large skipper butterflies and Roesel's bush-crickets. |
| Avery's Pightle | 1.5 hectares (3.7 acres) | Enborne 51°23′01″N 1°22′32″W﻿ / ﻿51.3837°N 1.3756°W﻿ / 51.3837; -1.3756﻿ (Avery's Pightle) SU 435 651 | YES | SSSI | This unimproved meadow is species rich and it has surviving ridge and furrow, suggesting a long history of traditional management without modern herbicides or fertilisers. Twenty-four species of grass and a hundred and thirteen herbs have been recorded. There is a wet ditch which has water whorl grass. |
| Bowdown Woods | 54.5 hectares (135 acres) | Crookham 51°23′09″N 1°16′20″W﻿ / ﻿51.3858°N 1.2721°W﻿ / 51.3858; -1.2721﻿ (Bowdown Woods) SU 507 654 | YES | SSSI | This site has heath, acid grassland and mixed scrub on the sands and clays of the Bagshot Beds, together with areas of gravel, on higher ground. London Clay outcrops on the lower slopes, and it has woodland with rich ground flora. There are many deep valleys with unpolluted spring-fed streams. The insect fauna is also very rich. |
| Bucklebury Common | 345.0 hectares (853 acres) | Bucklebury 51°25′08″N 1°12′13″W﻿ / ﻿51.4189°N 1.2036°W﻿ / 51.4189; -1.2036﻿ (Bucklebury Common) SU 554 691 | FP | | This privately owned estate is mainly broadleaved woodland, including a four hundred year old avenue of oak trees, but there are also large areas of heath. Fauna include dark bush-crickets, slow-worms, meadow grasshoppers, adders, nightjars and woodlarks. |
| Chawridge Bank | 4.5 hectares (11 acres) | Winkfield 51°27′17″N 0°43′11″W﻿ / ﻿51.4547°N 0.71974°W﻿ / 51.4547; -0.71974﻿ (Chawridge Bank) SU 890 736 | YES | SSSI | This linear site is named after the stream called Chawridge Bourne, which runs through it. Half of it is unimproved grassland, which is managed by sheep grazing. There are also areas of scrub and broadleaved woodland. On the east side there is an ancient parish boundary hedge which has diverse tree flora. |
| Decoy Heath | 8.0 hectares (20 acres) | Mortimer West End 51°22′00″N 1°07′12″W﻿ / ﻿51.3668°N 1.1201°W﻿ / 51.3668; -1.1201﻿ (Decoy Heath) SU 613 634 | YES | SSSI | This heathland site also has areas of bog. It is one of the best sites in the county for dragonflies and damselflies; the twenty-three species which breed in its shallow pools include keeled skimmer and four-spotted chaser dragonflies and white-legged, emerald and small red damselflies. |
| Greenham and Crookham Commons | 444.0 hectares (1,097 acres) | Greenham 51°23′02″N 1°16′16″W﻿ / ﻿51.384°N 1.271°W﻿ / 51.384; -1.271﻿ (Greenham and Crookham Commons) SU 507 652 | YES | SSSI | In the 1980s Greenham Common was a military base storing nuclear weapons and the location of the Women's Peace Camp, but following the closure of the base it was opened to the public as a nature reserve in 2000. The two commons have the largest area of heathland and acid grassland in the county and other habitats are gorse scrub, broad leaved woodland and water-logged alder valleys. There is a rich variety of invertebrates, such as the white admiral, purple emperor and silver-washed fritillary woodland butterflies. |
| Haymill Valley | 8.0 hectares (20 acres) | Burnham 51°31′46″N 0°38′34″W﻿ / ﻿51.5295°N 0.6427°W﻿ / 51.5295; -0.6427﻿ (Haymill Valley) SU 942 820 | YES | LNR | This nature reserve has woodland with bluebells and great spotted woodpecker, together with reedbeds which have flora including yellow iris and marsh-marigold. There are butterflies such as orange-tips, holly blues and speckled woods. |
| Hosehill Lake | 23.5 hectares (58 acres) | Theale 51°25′26″N 1°04′02″W﻿ / ﻿51.4239°N 1.0673°W﻿ / 51.4239; -1.0673﻿ (Hosehill Lake) SU 649 698 | YES | LNR | The lake has a wide variety of water birds, including lapwings, little ringed plovers and great crested grebes. There is also a wildflower meadow which is grazed by wild Exmoor ponies and it has many butterflies and moths. |
| Hurley Chalk Pit | 1.0 hectare (2.5 acres) | Maidenhead 51°31′55″N 0°49′45″W﻿ / ﻿51.5320°N 0.8293°W﻿ / 51.5320; -0.8293﻿ (Hurley Chalk Pit) SU 813 821 | YES | | This chalk pit, which was dug more than 150 years ago, is warm and sheltered and it has 15 species of butterfly, including common blues and gatekeepers. There are varied habitats, with woodland, scrub, grassland and hedges. |
| Inkpen Common | 12.0 hectares (30 acres) | Inkpen 51°22′37″N 1°27′06″W﻿ / ﻿51.3769°N 1.4518°W﻿ / 51.3769; -1.4518﻿ (Inkpen Common) SU 382 643 | YES | SSSI | This is a surviving fragment of the former Inkpen Great Common. It is mainly damp heathland, with small areas of marsh, woods and bracken. Flora on the heath include purple moor grass, common gorse, lousewort, lesser dodder and the only surviving colony in Berkshire of pale heath violet. |
| Inkpen Crocus Field | 3.0 hectares (7.4 acres) | Inkpen 51°22′31″N 1°28′09″W﻿ / ﻿51.3752°N 1.4691°W﻿ / 51.3752; -1.4691﻿ (Inkpen Crocus Field) SU 370 641 | YES | SSSI | In 1912, Charles Rothschild founded 'The Society for the Promotion of Nature Reserves', the forerunner of The Wildlife Trusts, and Inkpen Crocus Field is one of the 284 'Rochschild Reserves', a list drawn up by the Society in its first three years of sites "worthy of preservation". The spring crocus is a rare Red Data Book plant which is not native to Britain but has been recorded on this site since 1800. More than 400,000 flowers bloom in the spring. |
| Kintbury Newt Ponds | 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres) | Kintbury 51°23′42″N 1°26′45″W﻿ / ﻿51.3949°N 1.4459°W﻿ / 51.3949; -1.4459﻿ (Kintbury Newt Ponds) SU 386 663 | YES | | The ponds in this site have a population of great crested newts, which are a legally protected species. Their status protected the site from development as part of a housing estate in the 1990s. The site also has dense blackthorn scrub, reedbeds, woodland and grassland. Birds include chiffchaffs and song thrushes. |
| Loddon Nature Reserve | 13.5 hectares (33 acres) | Twyford 51°28′31″N 0°52′13″W﻿ / ﻿51.4753°N 0.8704°W﻿ / 51.4753; -0.8704﻿ (Loddon Nature Reserve) SU 785 757 | YES | | This site has a large gravel pit with several islands and surrounded by scrub, which provides a habitat for nesting wetland birds such as great crested grebes, moorhens and coots. There are wintering birds such as gadwalls, smews, tufted ducks, pochards, cormorants and snipes. |
| Moor Copse | 64.5 hectares (159 acres) | Tidmarsh 51°27′36″N 1°05′17″W﻿ / ﻿51.4600°N 1.0881°W﻿ / 51.4600; -1.0881﻿ (Moor Copse) SU 634 738 | YES | SSSI | This reserve in the valley of the River Pang has wildflower meadows surrounded by wet woodland. In the autumn the woods have a range of fungi, such as deadman's fingers and green elfcup mushrooms. Mammals include foxes and badgers. |
| Nature Discovery Centre | 35 hectares (86 acres) | Thatcham 51°24′00″N 1°16′26″W﻿ / ﻿51.39998°N 1.2738°W﻿ / 51.39998; -1.2738﻿ (Nature Discovery Centre) SU 506 670 | PL | | This site has a variety of habitats including a lake, woodland, reedbeds and hedges. The lake has many wintering wildfowl such as shovelers and pochrds. Invertebrates include the bloody-nosed and rhinoceros beetles. |
| Padworth Common | 28.0 hectares (69 acres) | Mortimer West End 51°22′45″N 1°06′41″W﻿ / ﻿51.3793°N 1.1113°W﻿ / 51.3793; -1.1113﻿ (Padworth Common) SU 619 648 | YES | LNR | This site is mainly heath, but there are also areas of grassland, wet gullies, ponds and oak and pine woodland. There is a variety of heathland birds such as Dartford warbler, tree pipit, European stonechat, woodlark and the rare nightjar. The pond has many dragonflies and damselflies. |
| Paices Wood Country Parkland | 35.0 hectares (86 acres) | Aldermaston 51°22′10″N 1°09′09″W﻿ / ﻿51.3695°N 1.1524°W﻿ / 51.3695; -1.1524﻿ (Paices Wood Country Parkland) SU 591 637 | YES | | The park has seven lakes, woodland and an amphibian area. Birds include lapwings and woodlarks, there are butterflies white admirals, graylings and purple emperors, and amphibians include palmate newts and common frogs. |
| Rack Marsh | 4.0 hectares (9.9 acres) | Hungerford 51°25′20″N 1°21′02″W﻿ / ﻿51.4223°N 1.3506°W﻿ / 51.4223; -1.3506﻿ (Rack Marsh) SU 452 694 | YES | NCR, SAC, SSSI | This is an ancient water meadow in the valley of the River Lambourn, which has a thick layer of peat. A prehistoric canoe has been discovered in the peat, preserved in the water-logged conditions. The site has the nationally rare and declining Desmoulin's whorl snail, which is listed in the British Red Data Book, and there are some locally rare plants, such as marsh arrow-grass and southern marsh orchid. |
| Seven Barrows | 3.5 hectares (8.6 acres) | Lambourn 51°32′37″N 1°31′29″W﻿ / ﻿51.5436°N 1.5248°W﻿ / 51.5436; -1.5248﻿ (Seven Barrows) SU 330 828 | YES | SM, SSSI | The site is part of a Bronze Age cemetery with scattered bowl barrows. The area is an unimproved chalk grassland with a rich flora and over 100 species of herbs have been recorded. It is also very rich in insects, especially butterflies, including small blue, brown argus, chalkhill blue, dark green fritillary and the scarce marsh fritillary. |
| Shepperlands Farm | 9.5 hectares (23 acres) | Finchampstead 51°22′24″N 0°52′56″W﻿ / ﻿51.3733°N 0.8822°W﻿ / 51.3733; -0.8822﻿ (Shepperlands Farm) SU 779 644 | PP | | This site was left to the trust by Len and Marie Goodwin. It has woodland, a wildflower meadow and an area of heathland. The meadow has flowers such as common bird's-foot-trefoils, buttercups and cuckooflowers in the summer, while the woodland has old oak trees and rotting timber which provide habitats for insects. |
| Snelsmore Common Country Park | 96.0 hectares (237 acres) | Newbury 51°26′12″N 1°20′05″W﻿ / ﻿51.4366°N 1.3346°W﻿ / 51.4366; -1.3346﻿ (Snelsmore Common Country Park) SU 463 710 | YES | SSSI | This is a country park which has diverse habitats, including dry heath, wet heath, bog, birch woods and ancient semi-natural broadleaved woodland. The bog has a 5,000 year old layer of peat which has been studied stratigraphically to show changes in ancient land use and vegetation. An area of wet alder woodland has many lichens, including a rich community which grows on trees, such as Parmelia caperarta, Pertusaria pertusa and Lecanactis abietina. |
| Sole Common Pond | 3.0 hectares (7.4 acres) | Newbury 51°26′00″N 1°24′34″W﻿ / ﻿51.4334°N 1.4094°W﻿ / 51.4334; -1.4094﻿ (Sole Common Pond) SU 411 706 | YES | | The main wildlife interest of this site lies in the area of bog, which has the insectivorous round-leaved sundew, bogbean, marsh St John's-wort and common polypody. Other habitats are the pond, woodland and heath. |
| Thatcham Reed Beds | 35.0 hectares (86 acres) | Thatcham 51°24′03″N 1°16′25″W﻿ / ﻿51.4009°N 1.2736°W﻿ / 51.4009; -1.2736﻿ (Thatcham Reedbeds) SU 506 671 | YES | LNR, SAC, SSSI | The site is nationally important for its reed beds, fen and species rich alder woods. It is also nationally important for Desmoulin's whorl snails and there are many breeding birds, such as the nationally rare Cetti's warbler. Wetland plants include common valerian, skullcap and marsh bedstraw. |
| Watts Bank | 1.5 hectares (3.7 acres) | Lambourn 51°29′33″N 1°31′30″W﻿ / ﻿51.4925°N 1.5249°W﻿ / 51.4925; -1.5249﻿ (Watts Bank) SU 331 772 | YES | SSSI | This steeply sloping site is an area of unimproved grassland and scrub. There is a rich variety of herbs, such as salad burnet, lady's bedstraw, rough hawkbit and harebell. There are also many species of butterfly, including the uncommon Duke of Burgundy. |
| Wildmoor Heath | 104.0 hectares (257 acres) | Sandhurst 51°21′30″N 0°47′26″W﻿ / ﻿51.3582°N 0.7905°W﻿ / 51.3582; -0.7905﻿ (Wildmoor Heath) SU 843 628 | YES | SSSI | This sloping site has wet and dry heath and woodland. There are also areas of bog which are grazed by Dexter cattle to keep down the growth of coarse purple moor-grass; twenty species of damselfly and dragonfly have been recorded in the bogs and plants include bog asphodel, butterwort, round-leaved sundew and white beaked-sedge. |
| Wokefield Common | 60.0 hectares (148 acres) | Burghfield 51°23′29″N 1°03′44″W﻿ / ﻿51.3915°N 1.0622°W﻿ / 51.3915; -1.0622﻿ (Wokefield Common) SU 653662 | YES | | The common is heath and woodland with two ponds, Dragonfly Pond and Pullen's Pond, which provide a habitat for a variety of dragonflies and damselflies. Other invertebrates include common blue, brimstone and comma butterflies. The main heathland plants are bell heather, common gorse and broom. |

### Buckinghamshire

| Site | Area | Location | Public access | Classifications | Description |
| Aston Clinton Ragpits | 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres) | Aston Clinton 51°47′18″N 0°42′48″W﻿ / ﻿51.7884°N 0.7132°W﻿ / 51.7884; -0.7132﻿ (Aston Clinton Ragpits) SP 888 107 | YES | SSSI, CAONB | This grassland site has steeply sloping old pits and spoil heaps, with a rich assembly of shrubs, herbs and invertebrates, including twenty-seven butterfly species. There is some mature woodland with beech, yew, ash and whitebeam, together with a hedge and areas of scrub. There are eight orchid species. |
| Bacombe Hill | 25.0 hectares (62 acres) | Upper Bacombe 51°45′12″N 0°46′02″W﻿ / ﻿51.7534°N 0.7671°W﻿ / 51.7534; -0.7671﻿ (Bacombe Hill) SP 864 074 | YES | SSSI, LNR, CAONB | The site is chalk grassland, scrub and woodland. It has pyramidal and bee orchids, wild thyme and chalkhill blue butterflies. The woodland on the slopes is mainly whitebeam and ash, with oak and birch on the plateau. Juniper shrubs provide a habitat for rare insects such as the juniper shield bug. |
| Bernwood Meadows | 7.5 hectares (19 acres) | Oakley 51°47′45″N 1°07′19″W﻿ / ﻿51.7957°N 1.1220°W﻿ / 51.7957; -1.1220﻿ (Bernwood Meadows) SP 606 111 | YES | | This traditional hay meadow has over 100 plant species, including lady's bedstraw, green winged orchids and cuckooflowers. It also has many species of butterfly, such as orange tip and rare black and brown hairstreaks. other wildlife includes brown hares, kestrels and moths. |
| Calvert Jubilee | 22.0 hectares (54 acres) | Calvert 51°55′18″N 1°00′32″W﻿ / ﻿51.9216°N 1.0090°W﻿ / 51.9216; -1.0090﻿ (Calvert Jubilee) SP 682 252 | YES | | Most of the site is a deep lake, created by the extraction of clay for the brick industry. It is now used in winter by wildfowl such as mallard, tufted duck and pochard. There are two bird hides, and the trust has created three floating islands to enable waterfowl to breed safe from foxes. The lakeside has a variety of wild flowers and butterflies. |
| College Lake | 65.0 hectares (161 acres) | Pitstone 51°49′12″N 0°39′00″W﻿ / ﻿51.8201°N 0.6501°W﻿ / 51.8201; -0.6501﻿ (College Lake) SP 931 144 | YES | SSSI | The site has more than a thousand species of wildlife on the lake, marshland and grassland. Rare species include redshanks and Lapwings. The marshes are an important habitat for breeding waders, and chalk grassland has a range of insects and small mammals. One small area is a geological Site of Special Scientific Interest. |
| Dancersend with Pavis Woods | 85.0 hectares (210 acres) | Aston Clinton 51°46′35″N 0°41′46″W﻿ / ﻿51.7765°N 0.6962°W﻿ / 51.7765; -0.6962﻿ (Dancersend with Pavis Woods) SP 905 089 | YES | SSSI, CAONB | There are woodland plantations, unimproved chalk grassland and scrub. The woods have few mature trees as most were felled during the 1940s, but a rich ground flora includes plants associated with ancient woodland, such as hairy brome and wood melick. The site is important for its butterflies and moths, and it has a diverse population of breeding birds. |
| Finemere Wood | 76.5 hectares (189 acres) | Quainton 51°53′16″N 0°57′11″W﻿ / ﻿51.8878°N 0.9531°W﻿ / 51.8878; -0.9531﻿ (Finemere Wood) SP 721 215 | YES | SSSI | Most of the site is ancient pedunculate oak forest, which has butterflies including the rare wood white and black hairstreak. There is also an area of rough grassland and scrub which is crossed by the River Ray. |
| Foxcote Reservoir | 34 hectares (84 acres) | Akeley 52°01′16″N 0°57′54″W﻿ / ﻿52.021°N 0.965°W﻿ / 52.021; -0.965﻿ (Foxcote Reservoir) SP711364 | YES | SSSI | The reservoir was created in 1956 by damming a tributary of the River Great Ouse. It is an important site for wintering wildfowl, with more than 1% of the British populations of shoveler ducks and Bewick's swans. The freshwater plants and aquatic fauna in the lake are also of ecological interest. |
| Gomm Valley | 4.0 hectares (9.9 acres) | High Wycombe 51°37′17″N 0°42′21″W﻿ / ﻿51.6215°N 0.7057°W﻿ / 51.6215; -0.7057﻿ (Gomm Valley) SU 898 921 | YES | SSSI, CAONB, | The site is chalk grassland which is reverting to scrub. It has a rich variety of herbs and of invertebrates, and is notable for reptiles and over-wintering birds, particularly thrushes. Over 30 species of butterflies and 180 of moths have been recorded. |
| Grangelands and The Rifle Range | 18.0 hectares (44 acres) | Cadsden 51°44′15″N 0°48′03″W﻿ / ﻿51.7376°N 0.8009°W﻿ / 51.7376; -0.8009﻿ (Grangelands and The Rifle Range) SP 828 050 | YES | SSSI, CAONB | The site has grassland and scrub, which support interesting breeding birds and invertebrates, such as glow-worms and marbled white and chalk hill blue butterflies. There are areas of mature beech woodland, with a sparse shrub layer of holly and elder. |
| Hog and Hollowhill Woods | 7.8 hectares (19 acres) | Marlow 51°52′54″N 0°59′07″W﻿ / ﻿51.8818°N 0.9852°W﻿ / 51.8818; -0.9852﻿ (Hog and Hollowhill Woods) SU 823 861 | YES | SSSI, SAC, CAONB | A large part of the site is mature beech woodland, the result of neglected coppicing. Much of the ground is bare, but there are some unusual plants, including the nationally rare ghost orchid. Trees on the lower slopes include ash, wild cherry and crab apple, and there is heather in more open areas. |
| Homefield Wood | 6.0 hectares (15 acres) | Hambleden 51°34′26″N 0°49′39″W﻿ / ﻿51.5738°N 0.8275°W﻿ / 51.5738; -0.8275﻿ (Homefield Wood) SU 814 867 | YES | SSSI, CAONB, FC | The site has young beech plantations, with some conifers and many native trees. There are rides and glades in some areas which have important and varied herb-rich chalk grassland, with plants such as Chiltern gentian and upright brome-grass and a variety of orchids. The rich invertebrate fauna includes thirty species of butterfly and over four hundred of moth. |
| Little Linford Wood | 42.5 hectares (105 acres) | Little Linford 52°06′07″N 0°46′59″W﻿ / ﻿52.1020°N 0.7831°W﻿ / 52.1020; -0.7831﻿ (Little Linford Wood) SP 834 455 | YES | | Much of the woodland is young as it was felled in 1980, shortly before the Trust took over the site, but there are also areas of mature oak and ash. In 1998 dormice were introduced, and they live high up in the canopy. Other mammals include stoats and badgers, and there are birds such as great spotted woodpeckers, kestrels and buzzards. Grassy rides provide a habitat for butterflies. |
| Long Grove Wood | 1.5 hectares (3.7 acres) | Seer Green 51°36′55″N 0°36′35″W﻿ / ﻿51.6154°N 0.6098°W﻿ / 51.6154; -0.6098﻿ (Long Grove Wood) SU 963 916 | YES | | The site is deciduous woodland with the main trees being beach and hornbeam. The Great Storm of 1987 brought down several trees, creating open areas which were colonised by flowers such as bluebell and yellow archangel. Dead wood is kept to provide a habitat for insects and fungi. Birds include great spotted woodpeckers and Eurasian treecreepers. |
| Millfield Wood | 7.5 hectares (19 acres) | High Wycombe 51°39′04″N 0°44′36″W﻿ / ﻿51.6511°N 0.7432°W﻿ / 51.6511; -0.7432﻿ (Millfield Wood) SU 870 956 | YES | SSSI | The site was owned in the late nineteenth century by Benjamin Disraeli, and the woodland is much older. It is semi-natural beech woodland on chalk, which is an unusual habitat, and it also has considerable wych elm. Its rich ground flora includes many wild flowers. There are a number of badger setts and a varied invertebrate fauna. Birds include great spotted woodpeckers and chiffchaffs. |
| Pilch Field | 12.0 hectares (30 acres) | Great Horwood 51°59′01″N 0°54′47″W﻿ / ﻿51.9837°N 0.9130°W﻿ / 51.9837; -0.9130﻿ (Pilch Field) SP 749 321 | YES | SSSI | The site has two fields called Big Pilch and Little Pilch. The varied habitats in Big Pilch include wetland, fen, scrub, a stream and ridge-and-furrow grassland. The stream continues into Little Pilch, which has spring-fed fen and grassland. Over two hundred flowering plants have been recorded. There are birds such as turtle doves, yellowhammers and reed buntings. |
| Rushbeds Wood | 56.0 hectares (138 acres) | Wotton Underwood 51°50′01″N 1°01′26″W﻿ / ﻿51.8336°N 1.0240°W﻿ / 51.8336; -1.0240﻿ (Rushbeds Wood) SP 673 154 | YES | SSSI | The site is ancient woodland on heavy clay soils which are often waterlogged. The invertebrate fauna are described by Natural England as "exceptional", including over thirty butterfly species, such as the nationally rare black hairstreak and the scarce wood white and purple emperor. The woodland is wet ash and maple, and the understorey has species indicative of long tree cover, such as Poa nemoralis. In the ponds and ditches there are breeding smooth and great crested newts. |
| Upper Ray Meadows | 181.0 hectares (447 acres) | Marsh Gibbon 51°52′30″N 1°01′44″W﻿ / ﻿51.8750°N 1.0289°W﻿ / 51.8750; -1.0289﻿ (Upper Ray Meadows) SP 669 200 | PP | SSSI | The site consists of meadows on the floodplain of the River Ray, and it is a stronghold for rare species because heavy clay soils and frequent flooding makes arable farming difficult. Medieval ridge and furrow can still be seen in some fields. In the summer, drier areas have displays of wild flowers such as black knapweed, meadowsweet and tufted vetch. |
| Weston Turville Reservoir | 18.5 hectares (46 acres) | Weston Turville 51°46′44″N 0°45′04″W﻿ / ﻿51.7789°N 0.7512°W﻿ / 51.7789; -0.7512﻿ (Weston Turville Reservoir) SP 862 096 | YES | SSSI, CAONB | The reservoir was built in 1797 to supply water to the Wendover Arm of the Grand Union Canal. Large areas have a deep silt deposit, but the open water is an important site for 46 species of over-wintering waterfowl, and it is nationally important for shovelers. The areas around the reservoir has tall fen, reed beds and willow carr, which are declining habitats in Britain. There are over 300 species of beetle, of which six are rare nationally. |
| Yoesden | 13.8 hectares (34 acres) | Bledlow Ridge 51°40′29″N 0°51′35″W﻿ / ﻿51.6748°N 0.8596°W﻿ / 51.6748; -0.8596﻿ (Yoesden) SU 789 979 | YES | | The site has areas of woodland and grassland. The steeply sloping chalk meadow has many species of butterfly, including three scarce blue species, the Adonis, chalkhill and small blue. There are flowers such as common spotted and fragrant orchids. Beech woodland above the chalk bank supports great spotted woodpeckers and red kites, and lower woodland has beech and yews. |

### Oxfordshire

| Site | Area | Location | Public access | Classifications | Description |
| Ardley Wood Quarry | 11.0 hectares (27 acres) | Ardley 51°56′28″N 1°13′08″W﻿ / ﻿51.9412°N 1.2190°W﻿ / 51.9412; -1.2190﻿ (Ardley Wood Quarry) SP 537 272 | YES | GCR, SM, SSSI | The quarry exposes rocks dating to the Bathonian stage of the Middle Jurassic, about 167 million years ago. It is described by Natural England as of national importance for the understanding of the Jurassic Period in Britain as it allows correlation of rocks of the Oxford area to be correlated with those of the Midlands. The site has calcareous grassland with diverse vertebrates, including the internationally protected great crested newt. |
| Asham Meads | 23.0 hectares (57 acres) | Murcott 51°49′27″N 1°08′43″W﻿ / ﻿51.8242°N 1.1453°W﻿ / 51.8242; -1.1453﻿ (Asham Meads) SP 590 143 | YES | SSSI | |
| Blenheim Farm | 0.5 hectares (1.2 acres) | Charlbury 51°52′19″N 1°28′22″W﻿ / ﻿51.8720°N 1.4727°W﻿ / 51.8720; -1.4727﻿ (Blenheim Farm) SP 364 194 | YES | | This is a meadow surrounded by ancient hedges and woodland. Flora include common knapweed, lady's bedstraw, cowslip and ragged-robin, while there are butterflies such as the common blue and orange tip. Amphibians include common frogs, common toads and smooth newts. |
| Chimney Meadows | 261.0 hectares (645 acres) | Chimney 51°42′33″N 1°29′21″W﻿ / ﻿51.7093°N 1.4891°W﻿ / 51.7093; -1.4891﻿ (Chimney Meadows) SP 354 013 | YES | NNR, SSSI | This site, which consists of six botanically rich alluvial meadows, is bordered on the south by the River Thames. The meadows are intersected by ditches, most of which are covered in reed canary-grass. The most common grasses are crested dog's-tail, creeping bent, perennial rye-grass, hairy sedge and glaucous sedge. |
| Chinnor Hill | 27.5 hectares (68 acres) | Chinnor 51°41′43″N 0°53′30″W﻿ / ﻿51.6953°N 0.89168°W﻿ / 51.6953; -0.89168﻿ (Chinnor Hill) SP 767 002 | YES | SSSI | This hill has species-rich calcareous grassland, juniper scrub, which is an uncommon habitat, mixed scrub and woodland. More than 300 species of vascular plant have been recorded and 65 of birds. Many passerines breed in the scrub, and thrushes such as redwings and fieldfares feed on berries in the winter. |
| Cholsey Marsh | 19.0 hectares (47 acres) | Cholsey 51°33′55″N 1°08′03″W﻿ / ﻿51.5652°N 1.1343°W﻿ / 51.5652; -1.1343﻿ (Cholsey Marsh) SU 601 855 | YES | | The Thames Path runs through this marsh on the bank of the River Thames. Wet reed and sedge beds provide a habitat for diverse wildlife and there are also areas of grassland, willow scrub and two large ponds. Flora include marsh-marigold, meadowsweet and the rare summer snowflake. |
| CS Lewis Nature Reserve | 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres) | Oxford 51°45′22″N 1°11′24″W﻿ / ﻿51.7562°N 1.1901°W﻿ / 51.7562; -1.1901﻿ (CS Lewis Nature Reserve) SP 560 067 | YES | | This reserve, which was formerly owned by the writer of children's books, C. S. Lewis, has a flooded clay pit, with many aquatic plants, toads, dragonflies and damselflies. There is also a steeply sloping wood with large boulders. |
| Dry Sandford Pit | 8.0 hectares (20 acres) | Dry Sandford 51°41′39″N 1°19′33″W﻿ / ﻿51.6941°N 1.3258°W﻿ / 51.6941; -1.3258﻿ (Dry Sandford Pit) SU 467 997 | YES | SSSI | This former sand quarry exposes a sequence of limestone rocks laid down in shallow coastal waters during the Oxfordian stage of the Jurassic, around 160 million years ago. It has many fossil ammonites. It has diverse calcareous habitats, including fen, grassland, scrub and heath. It is nationally important entomologically, especially for bees and wasps. |
| Foxholes | 23.0 hectares (57 acres) | Charlbury 51°53′03″N 1°37′51″W﻿ / ﻿51.8843°N 1.6309°W﻿ / 51.8843; -1.6309﻿ (Foxholes) SP 263 204 | YES | SSSI | |
| Glyme Valley | 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres) | Chipping Norton 51°55′53″N 1°30′56″W﻿ / ﻿51.9315°N 1.5156°W﻿ / 51.9315; -1.5156﻿ (Glyme Valley) SP 334 260 | YES | SSSI | This site on the bank of the River Glyme has grassland and woodland. The wildlife is diverse, and flowering plants include bee orchid, cowslip, fairy flax, meadow crane's-bill and yellow rattle. There are a number of large anthills. |
| Hartslock | 9.5 hectares (23 acres) | Pangbourne 51°30′43″N 1°06′49″W﻿ / ﻿51.5120°N 1.1137°W﻿ / 51.5120; -1.1137﻿ (Hartslock) SU 616 796 | YES | SAC, SSSI | This sloping area of grassland on the bank of the River Thames has a variety of orchids, including bee, pyramidal, common twayblade, white helleborine and the rare monkey orchid. There is also a rich insect fauna. |
| Hitchcopse Pit | 3.0 hectares (7.4 acres) | Dry Sandford 51°41′33″N 1°20′51″W﻿ / ﻿51.6924°N 1.34748°W﻿ / 51.6924; -1.34748﻿ (Hitchcopse Pit) SU 452 995 | YES | SSSI | This former sand quarry has heath, woodland, scrub, grassland and a pond. There are many solitary bees and wasps, which create burrows in the soft sand walls of the quarry. The ground has many lichens and grassland plants, and there are scattered boulders which are covered with mosses. |
| Hook Norton Cutting | 8.0 hectares (20 acres) | Hook Norton 51°59′17″N 1°28′38″W﻿ / ﻿51.9880°N 1.4772°W﻿ / 51.9880; -1.4772﻿ (Hook Norton Cutting) SP 360 323 | YES | SSSI | This reserve is in two stretches of a disused railway line separated by a tunnel. Most of it is unimproved calcareous grassland with a rich variety of flora. The site is notable for its bee species, including one which has only been recorded at three other sites in the country, Andrena bucephala. It is geologically important because it exposes rocks dating to the Middle Jurassic, around 167 million years ago, which are the type section of the Hook Norton Member of the Chipping Norton Formation. |
| Iffley Meadows | 33.0 hectares (82 acres) | Oxford 51°43′53″N 1°14′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.7314°N 1.2412°W﻿ / 51.7314; -1.2412﻿ (Iffley Meadows) SP 525 039 | YES | SSSI | These flood meadows between two arms of the River Thames are traditionally managed for hay and pasture. A large part of the site is on clay, and it is enriched by silt each year when it is flooded. There is a rich grassland flora, with the outstanding feature being 89,000 snake's head fritillaries, which produce purple flowers in the spring. There is a network of old river channels, ditches and overgrown hedges. |
| Lashford Lane Fen | 6.5 hectares (16 acres) | Dry Sandford 51°42′24″N 1°19′27″W﻿ / ﻿51.7067°N 1.3241°W﻿ / 51.7067; -1.3241﻿ (Lashford Lane Fen) SP 468 011 | YES | SAC, SSSI | Sandford Brook runs through this wet valley, which has limestone grassland, fen, woods, scrub, a pond and reedbeds. Reed buntings winter on the site, and other birds include water rail and reed warblers. There are common frogs and grass snakes. |
| Letcombe Valley | 7.5 hectares (19 acres) | Letcombe Regis 51°34′18″N 1°27′24″W﻿ / ﻿51.5717°N 1.4568°W﻿ / 51.5717; -1.4568﻿ (Letcombe Valley) SU 377 860 | YES | | Letcombe Brook, which runs through the reserve, is one of only two chalk streams in Oxfordshire and 161 nationwide. Wildlife includes water voles and fish such as bullhead, brown trout and the primitive brook lamprey. There are also Daubenton's bats, while insects include rare flies. Additional habitats are ancient woodland and a small area of chalk grassland. |
| Oakley Hill | 13.0 hectares (32 acres) | Chinnor 51°41′18″N 0°54′44″W﻿ / ﻿51.6883°N 0.9121°W﻿ / 51.6883; -0.9121﻿ (Oakley Hill) SU 753 994 | YES | | This hill has chalk grassland, beech woodland and scrub. Flowering plants include Chiltern gentian, wild thyme, clustered bellflower, pyramidal orchid, yellow-wort, dog's mercury, bluebell, common rock-rose and harebell. |
| Oxey Mead | 8.0 hectares (20 acres) | Cherwell District 51°47′34″N 1°18′30″W﻿ / ﻿51.7929°N 1.3083°W﻿ / 51.7929; -1.3083﻿ (Oxey Mead) SP 478 107 | YES | | |
| Parsonage Moor | 5.5 hectares (14 acres) | Dry Sandford 51°41′39″N 1°20′04″W﻿ / ﻿51.6942°N 1.3344°W﻿ / 51.6942; -1.3344﻿ (Parsonage Moor) SU 461 997 | YES | NCR SAC, SSSI | This site has fen, which is a nationally rare habitat, wet woodland, ancient woodland, open water and reedbeds. There are carnivorous plants, such as butterwort, which traps insects on its sticky leaves, and bladderwort, which traps them underwater. Other flora include southern marsh-orchids and the nationally scarce narrow-leaved marsh orchid |
| Sydlings Copse | 22.0 hectares (54 acres) | Headington 51°46′56″N 1°11′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.78228°N 1.1911°W﻿ / 51.78228; -1.1911﻿ (Sydlings Copse) SP 559 096 | YES | SSSI | |
| Warburg Nature Reserve | 106.5 hectares (263 acres) | Henley-on-Thames 51°35′04″N 0°57′39″W﻿ / ﻿51.5845°N 0.96077°W﻿ / 51.5845; -0.96077﻿ (Warburg Nature Reserve) SU 721 878 | YES | SSSI | This site has ancient woods which are shown on a map of 1786, together with areas of grassy clearings and scrub. More than 500 species of vascular plant have been recorded, including 18 orchids and the rare meadow clary, which is listed in the British Red Data Book of Plants. There are more than 75 bird species and 650 fungi, including many which are nationally rare. |
| Warren Bank | 3.0 hectares (7.4 acres) | Henley-on-Thames 51°34′00″N 1°03′32″W﻿ / ﻿51.5666°N 1.05886°W﻿ / 51.5666; -1.05886﻿ (Warren Bank) SU 653 857 | YES | SSSI | This steeply sloping site has unimproved chalk grassland and scrub. There is a rich variety of flora, including horseshoe vetch, chalk milkwort and bee orchid. There are also many insects, with butterflies such as dark green fritillary and green hairstreak. |
| Wells Farm | 66.0 hectares (163 acres) | Little Milton 51°42′19″N 1°05′52″W﻿ / ﻿51.7053°N 1.09766°W﻿ / 51.7053; -1.09766﻿ (Wells Farm) SP 624 011 | FP | | This is a working farm which grows wheat and barley. The fields have six metre wide margins which have been sown with wildflower seeds. There are also areas of wetland, grassland and woods. Birds include yellowhammer, grey partridge and red kite. |
| Whitecross Green Wood | 64.0 hectares (158 acres) | Boarstall 51°49′31″N 1°07′33″W﻿ / ﻿51.8254°N 1.1257°W﻿ / 51.8254; -1.1257﻿ (Whitecross Green Wood) SP 603 144 | YES | SSSI | These ancient woods are part of two former royal forests, Shotover and Bernwood. They are crossed by herb-rich and grassy rides, some of which are bordered by ditches, and there is also a pond and a marsh. Twenty-four species of butterfly have been recorded including the nationally rare black hairstreak. |
| Woodford Bottom and Lamb's Pool | 3 hectares (7.4 acres) | Hook Norton 52°01′19″N 1°29′02″W﻿ / ﻿52.022°N 1.484°W﻿ / 52.022; -1.484﻿ (Woodford Bottom and Lamb's Pool) SP352361 | YES | | This site has an artificial pool, marshes and grassland. Pipistrelle, Daubenton's and noctule bats hunt over the lake and an island in the middle is used by breeding birds such as coots and tufted ducks. There is Reed sweet-grass and common reedmace in the marsh. |
| Woodsides Meadow | 4 hectares (9.9 acres) | Kidlington 51°51′18″N 1°11′38″W﻿ / ﻿51.855°N 1.194°W﻿ / 51.855; -1.194﻿ (Woodsides Meadow) SP556177 | YES | SSSI | This meadow still has medieval ridge and furrow marks, showing that it has not been farmed by modern methods. More than 100 species of wild flower have been recorded, such as pepper-saxifrage, sneezewort, green-winged orchid, cuckooflower and ragged-robin. Skylarks and brown hares are often seen on the site. |