OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gander (dog)

Gander (originally Pal, and also known as Sergeant Gander) was a Newfoundland dog who served as the mascot of the Royal Rifles of Canada during World War II. He was killed in action during the Battle of Hong Kong in 1941, and was posthumously awarded the Dickin Medal, the "animals' Victoria Cross", in 2000 for his deeds in the course of that battle. It was the first such award in over 50 years.

## Military service

Gander, initially a family pet named Pal, accidentally scratched a child's face with his paw. Worried that he would be forced to have Pal put down, the original owner gave the large dog to the Royal Rifles of Canada, a regiment of the Canadian Army stationed at Gander International Airport, Newfoundland and Labrador. The soldiers quickly renamed him Gander and "promoted" him to sergeant. When the unit was shipped to Hong Kong in the fall of 1941, Gander went along.
The Battle of Hong Kong began on December 8, 1941, the day after the attack on Pearl Harbor. Gander helped fight the Japanese invaders on three occasions. The last time, Gander picked up a thrown Japanese hand grenade and rushed with it toward the enemy, dying in the ensuing explosion, but saving the lives of several wounded Canadian soldiers.
After efforts by the Canadian War Museum, the Hong Kong Veterans Association, and the Hong Kong Veterans Commemorative Association, the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals awarded Gander the Dickin Medal on October 27, 2000, the first such award since 1949. The Dickin Medal is often referred to as the animal metaphorical equivalent of the Victoria Cross. The citation reads:
   For saving the lives of Canadian infantrymen during the Battle of Lye Mun on Hong Kong Island in December 1941. On three documented occasions, Gander, the Newfoundland mascot of The Royal Rifles of Canada, engaged the enemy as his regiment joined The Winnipeg Grenadiers, members of Battalion Headquarters "C" Force and other Commonwealth troops in their courageous defence of the island. Twice Gander's attacks halted the enemy's advance and protected groups of wounded soldiers. In a final act of bravery, the war dog was killed in action gathering a grenade. Without Gander's intervention, many more lives would have been lost in the assault.

## Honours

At the insistence of survivors of the battle, his name was listed with those of 1975 men and two women on the Hong Kong Veterans Memorial Wall in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
On July 23, 2015, statues of Gander and his handler were unveiled at Gander Heritage Memorial Park in Gander, Newfoundland.
The Forgotten Heroes monument at the Cobequid Veterans Memorial Park in Bass River, Nova Scotia, initiated as an elementary school project and designed by 11-year-old Noah Tremblay, commemorates heroic animals. It includes a statue of Gander by Nova Scotia sculptor Clifton Sears.
# August Baron de Cetto

August Baron de Cetto (6 September 1794 – 7 August 1879) was a Kingdom of Bavaria diplomat, state councillor and chamberlain.

## Life

August of Cetto was the son of the jurist and diplomat Anton of Cetto and his wife Anna née Cazin. His father was the Bavarian envoy in Paris and was in 1812 made a Baron by King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. The Cetto family was an Italian patrician family originally from Como . They settled in Bohemia, where they were raised to hereditary knighthood in 1703 by the Holy Roman Emperor.
August of Cetto began his career in 1816 as a civil service candidate in the administration of the Circle of Isar (now the province of Upper Bavaria). In 1817 he moved to the Bavarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which appointed him as an attaché in the Legation in [St. Petersburg], Russia, in 1819. In 1820 he attained the rank of Legation Secretary, from 1821 based in London, where he became Envoy in 1822.
Following the Battle of Navarino, in which British, French, and Russian ships sank a large part of the Turkish fleet, on October 20, 1827, and subsequent events in Greece, Cetto held negotiations with Lord Palmerston, the Russian Ambassador Christoph von Lieven and the French Ambassador Talleyrand, which resulted in the Treaty of Rome of 1832 concluded by France, Great Britain and Russia, and Ludwig I, King of Bavaria, as guardian of the minor Prince Otto, concerning the election of Prince Otto as king of Greece. "
In April 1831 August of Cetto married Elizabeth Catherine, the daughter of Colonel Thomas Burrowes of Dangan Castle, County Meath. The couple had three children, including Anton Wilhelm. In 1833, Cetto was appointed the Bavarian Envoy at the Imperial Court in Vienna. From 1835 to 1867 he again served as Bavarian Envoy to London.
Cetto retired in 1867 and lived in No.6 Hill Street in Berkeley Square Gardens, taking part in the social life of the metropolis, and still attending the receptions at the court.
His son Anton Wilhelm de Cetto was Bavarian Envoy to the Holy See, 1883 – 1906.
# Senator Marsh

Senator Marsh may refer to:
* Daniel G. Marsh (born 1937), Washington State Senate
* Del Marsh (born 1956), Alabama State Senate
* Gordon F. Marsh (1908–1982), Virginia State Senate
* Henry L. Marsh (born 1933), Virginia State Senate
* Shirley Marsh (1925–2014), Nebraska State Senate
* Spencer M. Marsh (1864–1932), Wisconsin State Senate
* Spencer S. Marsh (died 1875), North Carolina State Senate
# Antonio Benedetti (1715–1788)

Antonio Benedetti (9 March 1715 – 1788) was an Italian scholar, antiquarian, and professor of classic Greco-Roman literature.
For many years, he was professor of rhetoric at the Jesuit college in Rome. He published an annotated edition of Plautus in Latin (Rome, 1754). He also published a treatise titled Dissertazione su le medaglie greche, non ancora descritte dagli antiquarii (1777) with notes from the Abbot Oderico of Genoa.
# Antonio Beni

Antonio Luigi Giovanni Beni (19 January 1866 – 30 December 1941) KSS was an Italian painter and architect, exponent of the neo-Gothic and neo-Renaissance movement.

## Life

Born in 1866 in San Giacomo di Musestrelle, near Treviso, Antonio Beni became famous in the city for his eclectic works, which oscillate between the Byzantine style and a pre-Raphaelite puritanism, supported by a profound inspiration of faith. He had studied with painters Pompeo Marino Molmenti and Luigi Nono in the Academy, and with Pietro Saccardo who was proto or architect of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice.
Author of important frescoes and churches as an architect, has enriched numerous churches and chapels in the dioceses of Treviso, Padua and Venice with his works. His most prestigious work is the fresco the apse of the Treviso Cathedral.
In addition to the design of numerous churches, he was the creator of many paintings owned by public museums or private collectors in Italy and in other countries.
# Bruce Alexander Cook

Bruce Alexander Cook (1932 – November 9, 2003) was an American journalist and author who also wrote under the pseudonym Bruce Alexander, creating historical novels about a blind 18th-century Englishman and also a 20th-century Mexican-American detective.

## Biography

Cook was born in 1932 in Chicago. His family moved often as a child, his father being a train dispatcher with frequent new assignments. He earned a degree in literature from Loyola University (Chicago).
His first wife was Catherine Coghlan, with whom he had three children, Catherine (Katy), Bob, and Ceci. He married concert violinist Judith Aller in 1994.
He served as a translator in the U.S. Army in Frankfurt, Germany, in the late 1950s, and also did public relations work. He joined the editorial staff of the National Observer in Washington D.C. in 1967, and covered movies, books, and music. When that newspaper folded, he became book editor of USA Today, the Detroit News, and then the Los Angeles Daily News (from 1984 to 1990). Archived 2008-11-18 at the Wayback Machine He was a senior editor at Newsweek. In the meantime, he was writing as a free-lance, selling to such publications as the National Catholic Reporter.
He died of a stroke November 9, 2003, in Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center, Hollywood, California.

## Books

Cook's first book was a nonfiction work, The Beat Generation, published by Charles Scribner's Sons in 1971. A biography of screenwriter Dalton Trumbo followed in 1977, and in 2015 it was made into a film by the same name. His first novel was Chicago-based Sex Life, in 1978.
He wrote four novels featuring Los Angeles detective Antonio "Chico" Cervantes — Mexican Standoff, 1988, Rough Cut, 1990, Death as a Career Move, 1992, and Sidewalk Hilton, 1994. He also wrote a series of novels about the blind magistrate Sir John Fielding, the real-life founder of London's first police force.
His later nonfiction works were Listen to the Blues, a musical history, in 1973; Brecht in Exile, about the German writer Bertold Brecht, in 1983; and The Town That Country Built: Welcome to Branson, Missouri, in 1993. His final books, published posthumously, were Young Will: The Confessions of William Shakespeare and a Fielding book, Rules of Engagement, for which his widow and writer John Shannon put on the finishing touches.
<books in order, according to Rehoboth Beach Public Library and Amazon.com editions available to me: [Note: page counts vary with hard or soft back editions.]>
1. "Blind Justice" (1994) 323 pp.
2. "Murder in Grub Street" (1995) 276 pp.
3. "Watery Grave" (1996) 265 pp.
4. "Person or Persons Unknown" (1997) 279 pp.
5. "Jack, Knave and Fool" (1998) 279 pp.
6. "Death of a Colonial" (1999) 275 pp.
7. "The Color of Death" (2000) 279 pp.
8. "Smuggler's Moon" (2001) 247 pp.
9. "An Experiment in Treason" (2002) 324 pp.
10. "The Price of Murder" (2003) 257 pp.
11. "Rules of Engagement" (2005) 288 pp. Posthumously published.
# Bruce Alexander (actor)

Bruce John Alexander (born 28 May 1946) is a British actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Superintendent Norman Mullett in the ITV television series A Touch of Frost, in which he plays the superior of the main character Jack Frost, played by David Jason.

## Life and career

Alexander was born on 28 May 1946 in Watford, Hertfordshire, and has appeared with the Royal Shakespeare Company. He played Ferdinand in the 1989 production of John Webster's The Duchess of Malfi. In November 2016, he was in a "Read Not Dead" performance of Beaumont and Fletcher's The Coxcomb at the Sam Wanamaker theatre on Bankside.
In 1990, he appeared as a doctor in the first episode of the comedy Keeping Up Appearances (entitled "Daddy's Accident"), and has also featured in episodes of numerous TV series, including The Bill, Casualty, EastEnders, Midsomer Murders and Doc Martin. In 1997, Alexander had a small role in the James Bond film Tomorrow Never Dies.
In 2013, he played the character of Peter Bachman in several episodes of the TV series Love and Marriage, including "The Elephant in the Room", "Secrets & Lies", "Alarm!" and "Huge Weekend for the Paradise Family".
Alexander's radio credits include the role of Mike in Westway, the BBC World Service soap opera which ran from 1997 to 2005, and the role of Doc de Salis in the BBC dramatisation of the John le Carré novel The Honourable Schoolboy.
Alexander is the president of the Haddenham Museum in Haddenham, Buckinghamshire and is also a patron of Thame Players Theatre in Thame, Oxfordshire.
In 2019, Alexander appeared in the BBC soap opera Doctors as Ray Hopkins. In 2022, he appeared as recurring character Doug in Catherine Tate's six-part mockumentary sitcom Hard Cell, released on Netflix.

## Partial filmography

Film :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1980 | The Long Good Friday | Mac | |
| 1982 | Giro City | GNH Lawyer | |
| 1982 | Give Us This Day | SDF man | |
| 1990 | Father | Det. Sgt Racine | |
| 1993 | Century | Interrogator | |
| 1994 | Ladybird, Ladybird | Lawyer | |
| 1994 | Nostradamus | Paul | |
| 1997 | Tomorrow Never Dies | Captain (HMS Chester) | |
| 2000 | Between Two Women | Mr. Butterworth, Headmaster | |
| 2005 | The Trial of the King Killers | John Downes | |
| 2009 | A Short Stay in Switzerland | Doctor | TV film |
| 2011 | All's Well that Ends Well | | |
Television :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1983 | The Professionals | Detective | 1 episode: The Ojuka Situation |
| 1997 | Woof! | Mr. Dobkin | 1 episode: Testing Times. |
| 2006 | Heartbeat | Mr. Stevens | 1 episode: Keeping Secrets. |
| 2019–2022 | Gentleman Jack | Mr. Parker | 9 episodes |
| 2022 | Hard Cell | Doug | |
# Bruce Alford

Bruce Alford may refer to:
* Bruce Alford Jr. (born 1945), American football kicker
* Bruce Alford Sr. (1922–2010), American football end
# Antiochtha pusilla

Antiochtha pusilla is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Kyu-Tek Park in 2002. It is found in Thailand.
# Gayaza–Ziroobwe Road

Gayaza–Ziroobwe Road is a road in central Uganda, connecting the towns of Gayaza in Wakiso District and Ziroobwe in Luweero District.

## Location

The road starts at Gayaza and proceeds northeastwards, goes through Namulonge, Busiika, and Bugema before ending in Ziroobwe, a distance of about 33 kilometres (21 mi). The coordinates of the road in Bugema, Luweero District are 0°34'14.0"N, 32°38'38.0"E (Latitude:0.570556; Longitude:32.643889).

## Overview

Prior to 2007, the road had a gravel surface. In 2007, the government of Uganda began to upgrade the surface to bitumen at an estimated cost of US$40 million. The work, undertaken by Serbian firm Energoprojekt, began in March 2007 and was originally expected to be completed in November 2009. The construction and improvement of the road was extended to include the Kampala-Gayaza section of the road. Because of repeated delays, completion did not occur until June 2011.

## Points of interest

The following points of interest also lie along or near the road: (a) the town of Gayaza in Wakiso District, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi), by road, east of Kasangati, (b) Gayaza High School, an all-girls boarding high school established in 1905 (c) Kabanyolo Farm, an agricultural and livestock farm that belongs to the College of Agricultural Sciences and the College of Veterinary Medicine, both at Makerere University, (d) The National Crops Resources Research Institute, located at Namulonge, (e) Bugema University, a private university, maintains its man campus along this road, and (f) in Ziroobwe, this road joins the Ziroobwe–Wobulenzi Road.
# General Ransom

General Ransom may refer to:
* Matt Whitaker Ransom (1826–1904), Confederate States Army brigadier general
* Robert Ransom Jr. (1828–1892), Confederate States Army major general
* Thomas E. G. Ransom (1834–1864), Union Army brigadier general
* Truman B. Ransom (1802–1847), Vermont Militia major general
# General Ramsay

General Ramsay may refer to:
* Alan Ramsay (1895–1973), Australian Army major general
* Anders Edvard Ramsay (1799–1877), Finnish-born Russian Imperial Army General of the Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion
* Angus Ramsay (born 1946), British Army major general
* Charles Ramsay (British Army officer, born 1936) (1936–2017), British Army major general
* Frank William Ramsay (1875–1954) British Army major general
* George Ramsay (English Army officer) (1652–1705), Scottish lieutenant general
* George D. Ramsay (1802–1882), U.S. Army brigadier general
* Henry Ramsay (Indian Army officer) (1816–1893), British Indian Army general
* Mark F. Ramsay (born c. 1958), U.S. Air Force lieutenant general
* George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie (1770–1838), British Army general
# General Ramos

General Ramos may refer to:
* Antonio J. Ramos (born 1946), U.S. Air Force brigadier general
* Antonio Sagardía Ramos (1880–1962), Spanish Army general of the artillery
* Fidel V. Ramos (1928–2022), Armed Forces of the Philippines general
* Luiz Eduardo Ramos (born 1956), Brazilian Army four-star general
# Amuri, Tampere

Amuri is a district in the city of Tampere, Finland.
Starting from the 19th century, Amuri was originally mainly a residence area for the working class. It consisted of blocks of wooden houses built together, which were replaced by low-rise apartment buildings in the 1970s and 1980s. The worker apartments in Amuri typically had shared kitchens, with two or four families sharing a kitchen together. One block has been preserved as a museum. Amuri also has a disused train traffic stop.
Amuri stretches from Hämeenpuisto to Sepänkatu and from Paasikiventie to Pirkankatu. For tourists, there is a lot to see in Amuri: the Metso main library, the Tampere Art Museum, the Tampere Rock Museum and the traditional worker residence block. The amusement park Särkänniemi is located immediately north of Amuri on the shore of the Näsijärvi lake. Places to eat in Amuri include the Metso library café, the old-fashioned Worker Museum café, the Amurin Helmi restaurant, or the amusement centre Hepokatti. In Amuri there is an international school called FISTA, the Finnish International School of Tampere.
# An Imperial Disaster

An Imperial Disaster: The Bengal Cyclone of 1876 is a work of history by the New Zealand scholar Benjamin Kingsbury. Originally formulated as the author's PhD thesis at Victoria University of Wellington in 2016, the book was published in 2018 to critical acclaim. It was published by C. Hurst & Co. in the UK and by Speaking Tiger in India. It deals with the 1876 Bengal cyclone, which was one of the worst natural disasters of the 19th century and claimed up to 300,000 lives, but is almost completely forgotten today. Kingsbury's book is the first single-volume modern work entirely dedicated to the disaster. It has been praised by South Asian scholars such as Sunil Amrith (Harvard), Chandrika Kaul (St Andrews), Nandini Gooptu (Oxford), Peter Robb (SOAS), and Rochona Majumdar (Chicago).
It has been also received positive reviews in mainstream Indian papers such as The Telegraph (Calcutta) and The Sunday Guardian.
# An Imperfect Offering

An Imperfect Offering: Humanitarian Action for the Twenty-First Century is a 2008 memoir written by James Orbinski M.D., the former international president of Médecins Sans Frontières.
The book expands upon points made by Orbinski in 1999 when he accepted the Nobel Peace Prize on behalf of Médecins Sans Frontières, specifically the importance of humanitarian organisations remaining independent from political forces.

## Plot summary

An Imperfect Offering starts with Orbinski's working class upbringing in Montreal, and his decision to study medicine.
The story follows Orbinski as he works in disease outbreaks and conflict zones around the world including in Afghanistan, Chechnya, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Peru, Kosovo, Somalia, Sudan, and Zaire. Orbinski is in charge of the Médecins Sans Frontières healthcare in Rwanda when the 1994 genocide occurs; the book documents horrific violence and Orbinski is scathing of the United Nations failed peacekeeping efforts.
Throughout the book, Orbinski negotiates with warlords and avoids becoming a victim of the violence around him. The narratives stresses the importance that humanitarian organisations retain independence from political forces and publicly condemn human rights abuses.
The final chapters of the book document Orbinski's time after his presidential term has ended and focus on global access to medicines. An Imperfect Offering critiques the pharmaceutical companies and regulatory environment they operate within for their failure to ensure that people in low income countries get the medicine they need.

## Critical reception

NPR described An Imperfect Offering as one of their "Best Political And Current Affairs Books Of 2008" and described it as "unflinchingly apolitical."
The Guardian described the book as extraordinary and yet unpretentious with "carefully weighed prose".

## Awards

An Imperfect Offering won the 2008 Governor General's Literary Award for non-fiction.
The book won the 2008 Shaughnessy Cohen Prize for Political Writing.
# Hanna Tervanotko

Hanna Tervanotko (born in Vantaa, Finland) is a Finnish-born Canadian historian of religion. She is an assistant professor in the Department of Religious Studies at McMaster University in Ontario, Canada. Her research focuses on the Second Temple era and her research interests include women in antiquity, Qumran, Dead Sea Scrolls, and Jewish interpretation of scripture. She is affiliated with the Centre of Excellence "Changes in Sacred Texts and Traditions" (CSTT) at the University of Helsinki.

## Biography

Tervanotko earned her M.A. (2003) and Th.D. (2013) in Biblical Studies at the University of Helsinki. She also earned Ph.D. in Jewish Studies at the University of Vienna in 2013 under a cotutelle de thèse agreement between the two universities. After accomplishing her dissertation Tervanotko was awarded the Academy of Finland postdoctoral grant (2014–2017). Tervanotko has also studied at New York University (NYU), Yale University, KU Leuven and University of Groningen. In her doctoral dissertation Tervanotko analyzed the figure of Miriam in ancient Jewish literature. Her work Denying Her Voice: The Figure of Miriam in Ancient Jewish Literature continues this interest. From 2013 to 2017 Tervanotko was a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Helsinki. She currently works on projects in which she compares the Jewish and Greek prophetic figures in the context of the literature of the Second Temple era, themes that developed out of her post-doctoral research.
Tervanotko was invited to be one of the guest speakers in the first TEDxBrusselsWomen forum in 2016.
# 2024 Clásica de San Sebastián

The 2024 Clásica de San Sebastián was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 10 August in San Sebastián, Spain. It was the 43rd edition of the Clásica de San Sebastián and the 26th event of the 2024 UCI World Tour.

## Teams

All the eighteen UCI WorldTeams and seven UCI ProTeams make up the twenty-five teams that will participate in the race.
UCI WorldTeams
* Alpecin–Deceuninck
* Arkéa–B&B Hotels
* Astana Qazaqstan Team
* Cofidis
* Decathlon–AG2R La Mondiale
* EF Education–EasyPost
* Groupama–FDJ
* Ineos Grenadiers
* Intermarché–Wanty
* Lidl–Trek
* Movistar Team
* Red Bull–Bora–Hansgrohe
* Soudal–Quick-Step
* Team Bahrain Victorious
* Team dsm–firmenich PostNL
* Team Jayco–AlUla
* UAE Team Emirates
* Visma–Lease a Bike
UCI Professional Continental Teams
* Caja Rural–Seguros RGA
* Equipo Kern Pharma
* Euskaltel–Euskadi
* Israel–Premier Tech
* Lotto–Dstny
* Team TotalEnergies
* Uno-X Mobility

## Result

Result :
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Marc Hirschi (SUI) | UAE Team Emirates | 5h 46' 12" |
| 2 | Julian Alaphilippe (FRA) | Soudal–Quick-Step | + 0" |
| 3 | Lennert Van Eetvelt (BEL) | Lotto–Dstny | + 7" |
| 4 | Kevin Vermaerke (USA) | Team dsm–firmenich PostNL | + 17" |
| 5 | Jhonatan Narváez (ECU) | Ineos Grenadiers | + 25" |
| 6 | Neilson Powless (USA) | EF Education–EasyPost | + 25" |
| 7 | Patrick Konrad (AUT) | Lidl–Trek | + 25" |
| 8 | Michael Woods (CAN) | Israel–Premier Tech | + 25" |
| 9 | Jan Christen (SUI) | UAE Team Emirates | + 36" |
| 10 | Brandon McNulty (USA) | UAE Team Emirates | + 37" |
# Blackburn Cirrus Midget

The Blackburn Cirrus Midget was a British four-cylinder, inverted, inline air-cooled aero engine designed and built in 1937 by the Cirrus Engine Section of Blackburn Aircraft Limited. Little is known of its development and use, its sole aircraft application being reported as the Chilton D.W.1 although it is possible that this did not transpire.

## Specifications (Cirrus Midget)

Data from Lumsden

### General characteristics

* Type: Air-cooled inverted inline four-cylinder piston engine
* Bore: 85 mm (3.35 in)
* Stroke: 100 mm (3.94 in)
* Displacement: 2.27 L (138.5 cu in)
* Length: 33.6 in (853 mm)
* Width: 14.18 in (360 mm)
* Height: 21.65 in (550 mm)
* Dry weight: 155 lb (70 kg)

### Components

* Valvetrain: Overhead poppet valve, one inlet and one exhaust valve per cylinder
* Fuel system: Single downdraught carburettor
* Fuel type: 87 octane petrol
* Cooling system: Air-cooled
* Reduction gear: Direct drive, left hand tractor

### Performance

* Power output: 55 hp (41 kW) at 2,600 rpm (maximum power)
* Specific power: 0.35 hp/cu in (6.5 kW/L)
* Compression ratio: 6:1
* Power-to-weight ratio: 0.35 hp/lb (0.58 kW/kg)