OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fritz Stichtenoth

Fritz Stichtenoth (17 November 1895 – 29 July 1935) was a German economist and Nazi Party politician who served as the Minister of State of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. He headed its last administration before it was merged into the neighboring Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin on 1 January 1934.

## Early life

Stichtenoth was born in Großtöpfer, a section of the municipality of Geismar in 1895. After attending Volksschule in Eschwege and the Oberrealschule in Kassel, he obtained his Abitur in 1914. Shortly after Germany entered the First World War in August 1914, Stichtenoth joined the 11th (1st Kurhessian) Field Artillery of the Imperial German Army, headquartered in Kassel, on 1 September. He was transferred to Reserve Field Artillery Regiment 57 on 1 February 1915 and fought on the eastern front but was captured as a prisoner of war by the Russians on 1 October 1915. He was awarded the Iron Cross, 2nd class, returned to Germany in July 1918 and was discharged from the army on 15 December. He studied economics at the Humboldt University of Berlin and the University of Göttingen, receiving a doctorate there in 1925. From 1927, Stichtenoth worked for the Agricultural League in Pomerania and Mecklenburg.

## Nazi Party career

At the 1932 Mecklenburg-Strelitz state election, Stichtenoth was elected as a Nazi Party deputy to the Landtag of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. On 8 April 1932, he joined the State Council as a Staatsrat (State Councilor) in the coalition government headed by Minister of State Heinrich von Michael [de] of the conservative German National People's Party (DNVP).
After the Nazis came to power at the national level, they passed the Provisional Law on the Coordination of the States with the Reich, under which the state Landtage were dissolved and reconstituted based on the recent Reichstag election of 5 March 1933, which resulted in a working majority for the Nazi Party in most states. On 11 May 1933, the newly elected Nazi president of the Mecklenburg-Strelitz Landtag attempted to displace Minister of State Michael, who resisted and protested that only a Reichsstatthalter (Reich Governor) was empowered to dismiss him. Since none had yet been appointed, he still regarded himself as the legitimate head of government and matters stood at an impasse. On 26 May, Friedrich Hildebrandt was appointed as Reichsstatthalter and, on 29 May, he appointed Stichtenoth as Minister of State. However, Stichtenoth's triumph was to prove short-lived. Hildebrandt, who held the governorships of both Mecklenburg-Strelitz and the much larger and more populous Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, sought to consolidate his jurisdictions. Accordingly, on 1 January 1934, Mecklenburg-Strelitz was incorporated into its larger neighbor, and Stichtenoth's government was abolished. He then worked as a Ministerial Director in the government of the united Mecklenburg, and he died in Schwerin in July 1935.

## Written works

* Die Entwicklung der Lehre vom Kapitalzins seit Böhm-Bawerk. (1923) Göttingen, Rechts- und Staatswissenschaftliche Dissertation.
# Gonatista jaiba

Gonatista jaiba is a species of praying mantis living in Hispaniola that was first described in 2004.
# Erelieva (moth)

Erelieva is a genus of snout moths. It was described by Carl Heinrich in 1956.

## Species

* Erelieva coca (Dyar, 1914)
* Erelieva quantulella (Hulst, 1887)
* Erelieva parvulella (Ely, 1910)
# Royal Consort Sugui Kim

Royal Consort Sugui Kim (숙의 김씨) may refer to:
* Royal Consort Sugui Kim (Danjong) (1440–1525), a consort of Danjong of Joseon
* Royal Consort Sugui Kim (Seongjong) (fl. 15th century), a consort of Seongjong of Joseon
* Royal Consort Sugui Kim (Jungjong) [ko] (died 1562), a consort of Jungjong of Joseon
* Royal Consort Sugui Kim (Hyojong) (fl. 17th century), a consort of Hyojong of Joseon
* Royal Consort Sugui Kim (Heonjong) [ko] (1814–1895), a consort of Heonjong of Joseon
* Royal Consort Sugui Kim (Cheoljong) [ko] (1833–?), a consort of Cheoljong of Joseon
# Eustromula valida

Eustromula valida is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1858, and placed in the new genus Eustromula by Cockerell in 1909
# Gloeocapsin

Gloeocapsin is an extracellular pigment of some cyanobacteria, believed to provide UV-protection to the cell. It is especially abundant in cyanobacterial species that inhabit places exposed to high levels of sunlight, such as the surface of rocks. In natural samples, the identification of gloeocapsin is based on its property to change color with varying pH, ranging from purple in alkaline media to red in acidic media. It is named after the cyanobacterial genus Gloeocapsa where it was first identified. Its chemical structure is yet to be identified.
# Bicaudaviridae

Bicaudaviridae is a family of hyperthermophilic archaeal viruses. Members of the genus Acidianus serve as natural hosts. There is only one genus, Bicaudavirus, and one species, Acidianus two-tailed virus, in this family. However, Sulfolobus tengchongensis spindle-shaped viruses 1 and 2 (STSV1 and STSV2) are regarded to belong to this family also.

## Structure

Viruses in Bicaudaviridae are non-enveloped, with lemon-shaped geometries. Genomes are circular dsDNA molecules of around 48–76 kb in length. High-resolution structure was determined by cryo-EM for Sulfolobus monocaudavirus 1 (SMV1) and a lower-resolution structure was determined for Acidianus two-tailed virus (ATV). Virions of both viruses have helical symmetry, with continuous 7-start helices, composed of the single major capsid protein, forming both the tails and the spindle-shaped body. The major capsid protein structure and virion organization of bicaudaviruses are similar to those of archaeal viruses from the families Fuselloviridae, Thaspiviridae, Halspiviridae and Clavaviridae.
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
| Bicaudavirus | Lemon-shaped | Helical (C7) | Non-enveloped | Circular | Monopartite |

## Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Diverse species of hyperthermophilic archaea from the order Sulfolobales serve as the natural hosts. Transmission routes are passive diffusion. It has been demonstrated that certain members of the family, namely, STSV2 and Sulfolobus monocaudavirus 1 (SMV1), induce cell gigantism by blocking the expression of the cell division genes and arresting the cell cycle in the S phase. The diameter of infected cells increases up to 20 times, resulting in 8,000-fold increase in volume compared to noninfected cells.
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
| Bicaudavirus | Archea: acidianus | None | Injection | Budding | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Passive diffusion |

## History

This family was first described by the team led by D. Prangishvili in 2005.
The name is derived from the Latin word 'bi' and 'cauda' meaning 'two-tail'.
# Geir Hasund

Geir Hasund (born 3 July 1971) is a former Norwegian football player that played as an offensive midfielder or forward at Hødd, Viking and Brann. He was capped for Norway at U21-level.

## Career

After playing for Hødd, like his father Kjetil Hasund did, he became top goalscorer in the 1992 1. divisjon with 24 goals, 8 of which came in a single match against SK Haugar. Hasund moved to Viking in 1993 where he made his debut in Tippeligaen. His chances in Viking were limited, and after only one season at the club he was brought to Brann by Anders Giske.
While playing for Brann, Hasund scored a number of extremely important goals. In the second leg of the semi-finals of the 1995 Norwegian Football Cup against Lillestrøm Hasund scored the last and deciding goal when Brann were three goals down but scored four times during 15 minutes in the last half. Hasund also scored important a goal in the 1996-97 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup tie against PSV Eindhoven, and in the quarter-final against Liverpool F.C. Hasund scored Brann's equaliser in their drawn home-leg.
Hasund was one of many players that were released by the club in 1998, and he played the rest of his career at Åsane
# Sadavali

Sadavali is a small village in Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra state in Western India. The 2011 Census of India recorded a total of 119 residents in the village. Sadavali is 336 hectares in size.
# Extended Versions (Little Feat album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Rolling Stone | (not rated) |
Extended Versions is a live album by the American rock band Little Feat, recorded at the El Rey Theatre in Los Angeles CA on June 15, 1998, for the Under the Radar album release, and released in 2000.

## Track listing

* "Let It Roll" (Barrere, Kibbee, Payne) – 8:36
* "Feats Don't Fail Me Now" (Barrere, Kibbee, Payne) – 7:07
* "Fat Man in the Bathtub " (George) – 6:33
* "Sailin' Shoes" (George) – 5:11
* "Hate to Lose Your Lovin'" (Barrere, Fuller) – 4:26
* "All That You Dream " (Barrere, Payne) – 6:01
* "Oh, Atlanta" (Payne) – 5:11
* "Hoy Hoy (Or Blues Don't Tell It All)" – 4:23
* "Home Ground" (Barrere) – 5:31
* "Eden's Wall" (Barrere, Murphy, Payne) – 6:25

## Band members

* Paul Barrère - guitar, vocals
* Sam Clayton - percussion, vocals
* Kenny Gradney - bass, vocals
* Richard Hayward - drums, vocals
* Shaun Murphy - vocals, percussion
* Bill Payne - keyboards, vocals
* Fred Tackett - guitar, mandolin, trumpet, vocals
# Bitchcoin

Bitchcoin is a non-fungible token (NFT) on the Ethereum blockchain. The project was launched in early 2015 as a fork of Bitcoin, several months before the launch of Ethereum. Bitchcoin was originally backed by the artist Sarah Meyohas' photography at a fixed rate of one token to 25 square-inches of one of the artist's photographs. This was one of the first instances of a physical work of art being put on a blockchain.

## Background

In 2014, the artist Sarah Meyohas created a series of photographs, titled Speculations, that would be fixed to tokens called Bitchcoin. The project began with researching ideas of value, valuation, and the nature of speculation. Photographs from the series were backed by Bitchcoin at a fixed rate of one Bitchcoin to 25 square-inches of a print effectively letting anyone in possession of 25 Bitchcoins to exchange them for an entire photograph.
The artist printed eight editions of the first Speculation photograph, each of which measured 21+5⁄8 in × 28+7⁄8 in (550 mm × 730 mm), and thus produced 200 coins that were released at $100.00 each to back the prints. The prints were stored in a vault, and anyone who purchased Bitchcoin received a physical certificate called a "paper wallet" which recorded the relevant private and public keys for one's wallet.
In 2023, the Centre Pompidou announced the institution had acquired two Bitchcoins to join 17 other NFT's to add to the contemporary art museums collection of new-media works.

## Cloud of Petals project

In 2017, Meyohas created the Cloud of Petals project which had sixteen workers gather to archive 100,000 rose petals. The data set compiled was used to map out an artificial intelligence algorithm that learned to generate petals through a series of virtual worlds. Additionally, each worker set aside one petal per rose which they found to be the most beautiful and those 3,291 chosen petals were then pressed onto archival paper. Documenting this performance on 16mm film, Cloud of Petals, traces beauty and subjectivity through systems of automation and artificial intelligence.

## Migration

Since its inception, each Bitchcoin is minted as an ERC-1155 token and is now backed by one of the 3,291 pressed rose petals from Meyohas' 2017 performance, Cloud of Petals. Meyohas eventually migrated the currency to the Ethereum blockchain. Previous owners of Bitchcoin could receive an equivalent amount of the new token. Once the tokens were migrated to Ethereum they were offered during an auction at Phillips in May 2021.
# Acta Politica

Acta Politica is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering political science published by Palgrave Macmillan on behalf of the Dutch Political Science Association. The editors-in-chief are Benjamin Leruth (University of Groningen) and Emilie van Haute (Université libre de Bruxelles).
The journal covers such sub-areas as Dutch and comparative politics, as well as international relations, political theory, public administration and political communication.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, International Bibliography of Periodical Literature on the Humanities and Social Sciences, International Bibliography of Book Reviews of Scholarly Literature and Social Sciences, ProQuest databases, Scopus, Social Sciences Citation Index, CSA Sociological Abstracts, and CSA Worldwide Political Science Abstracts. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.404.
# Gerry Fowler

Gerald Teasdale Fowler (1 January 1935 – 1 May 1993), commonly known as Gerry Fowler, was a British Labour Party politician and university academic.

## Early life and education

Fowler was the son of James A. Fowler (died 1964) of Long Buckby, Northamptonshire, and his wife Alfreda.
Fowler was educated at Northampton Grammar School (where he was a friend of Bernard Donoughue), Lincoln College, Oxford, and Frankfurt University.

## Academic career

Fowler had an extensive career in university education outside parliament. He was a lecturer in classics at Lancaster University, from 1964 to 1966 until he entered the House of Commons in 1966. He was assistant director of Huddersfield Polytechnic from 1970 to 1972, visiting professor at the University of Strathclyde from 1970 to 1974, Professor of Educational Studies at the Open University from 1972 to 1974, associate professor of government at Brunel University from 1977 to 1980, then deputy director of Preston Polytechnic from 1980 to 1981. Ultimately he was rector of the Polytechnic of East London from 1982 to 1992.

## Political career

He was a councillor on Oxford City Council 1960–64, branch secretary of the Oxford branch of ASSET and a visiting lecturer at Lancaster University 1964–1966.
Fowler contested Banbury at the 1964 general election. At the 1966 general election, he was elected as Member of Parliament for the marginal seat of The Wrekin, with a majority of 846 votes and poster slogan of "follow Fowler" but lost it at the 1970 election to the Conservative candidate Anthony ('Tony') Trafford. He regained his seat at the next opportunity in February 1974 and held it in October 1974. However, at the 1979 general election he was defeated again, this time by the Conservative Warren Hawksley.
After two years as a Parliamentary Secretary at the Ministry of Technology, Fowler was the Minister of State for Education and Science from 1969 to 1970. He was there again for spells in 1974 and 1976, in between which times he was Minister of State for the Privy Council Office from 1974 to 1976.
Fowler, who lived in Wellington, Shropshire within his constituency, also served in local government in the area as a member of Wrekin District Council, from 1973 to 1976, serving as the council's leader in 1973–74, and also sat in Shropshire County Council from 1979 to 1985.

## Personal life

He was twice married. Firstly in 1968 to Julie, daughter of Wilfrid Brining of Slough, and secondly in 1982 to Lorna, daughter of William Lloyd, of Preston, Lancashire.
Fowler died of cancer at his home in Regent's Park, London, on 1 May (coincidentally Labour Day) 1993 aged 58, and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium.
# Back in the Crowd

"Back in the Crowd" is a song by American rock musician Tom Waits. It is the second single and seventh track from Waits' seventeenth studio album, Bad as Me. Written and produced by Waits and his wife Kathleen Brennan, the song was released on September 27, 2011 as a digital download via iTunes and Spotify.

## Music

"Back in the Crowd" is a guitar-driven Latin-influenced midtempo ballad. It features guitar work from Los Lobos guitarist and vocalist David Hidalgo and longtime collaborator Marc Ribot.
Tom Waits described the song as "an old fashioned jukebox tune for a slow dance with your girl (or guy)."

## Critical reception

Upon its release, the song received mainly positive reviews. Thom Jurek of Allmusic described the song as "the wasted lover's plea in the West Texas mariachi." Filter magazine wrote: "the song is obviously short and oftentimes tinged with bittersweetness", also adding that "Waits' deep croon evokes the sadness found in the song's mellow melody and lyrics." Luke Larsen of Paste magazine praised the song, reporting that "the song sort of just casually shows up and then disappears, but its mood is infectious." Katie Hasty of Hitfix described the song as a "The Southwestern, nylon-string-enhanced loner ballad" and "a trending bawler," also further explaining that "she just slow-danced by herself and had a good cry." Michael Roffman of Consequence of Sound indicated that "the song doesn’t sound like a track that’s on an album titled Bad as Me", while commenting that it is "most likely something your grandparents danced to after the war."

## Personnel

* Tom Waits - vocals, guitar, production, writing credits
* Marc Ribot – guitar
* Casey Waits – drums
* David Hidalgo - guitar, percussion
* James Whiton – bass
* Kathleen Brennan – production, writing credits

## Chart positions

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratop Flanders) | 73 |
# A Kiss in Time

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
A Kiss in Time is Patty Griffin's fourth commercially released album, and her first live album. It was recorded on 30 January 2003, at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee and released on 7 October of the same year. The package includes a DVD which features behind the scenes footage of Griffin as well as videos of "Chief" and "Rain." According to Billboard the album debuted at number 21 on the Top Heatseekers chart and has sold 34,000 copies in the U.S. up to May 2004.

## Track listing

All songs were written by Patty Griffin.
* "Long Ride Home" – 4:02
* "Goodbye" – 6:17
* "Christina" – 3:33
* "Peter Pan" – 4:39
* "Rain" – 4:41
* "Mad Mission" – 3:14
* "Be Careful" – 4:36
* "Tony" – 6:14
* "Mary" – 6:22
* "Fly" – 3:12
* "Nobody's Cryin'" – 5:48
* "10 Million Miles" – 3:14

## Personnel

* Patty Griffin – vocals, guitar
* Doug Lancio – guitar
* Michael Ramos – keyboards
* David Jacques – bass
* Bryan Owings – drums
* Emmylou Harris – background vocals, "Mary"
* Buddy Miller – background vocals, "Mary"
* Julie Miller – background vocals, "Mary"
# 2016 Mid-American Conference baseball tournament

The 2016 Mid-American Conference baseball tournament was held May 25–29. The top eight regular season finishers of the conference's 11 teams, regardless of division, met in the double-elimination tournament held at All Pro Freight Stadium in Avon, Ohio. The seventh-seeded Western Michigan Broncos won the tournament to earn the conference's automatic bid to the 2016 NCAA Division I baseball tournament. It marked the first championship game appearance and tournament title for the Broncos.

## Seeding and format

The winners of each division claim the top two seeds, with the remaining six spots in the field determined by conference winning percentage, regardless of division. Teams then play a two bracket, double-elimination tournament to determine the final two teams. When two teams remain, if both teams are undefeated or have one loss, there is a one-game final. If one team has a loss and the other team is undefeated, the team with one loss must win twice.
East Division :
| Team | W | L | Pct | GB | Seed |
| Kent State | 20 | 4 | .833 | — | 1 |
| Miami (OH) | 14 | 10 | .583 | 6 | 3 |
| Ohio | 8 | 16 | .333 | 12 | — |
| Buffalo | 8 | 16 | .333 | 12 | — |
| Bowling Green | 7 | 17 | .292 | 13 | — |
West Division :
| Team | W | L | Pct | GB | Seed |
| Ball State | 15 | 9 | .625 | — | 2 |
| Northern Illinois | 14 | 10 | .583 | 1 | 4 |
| Toledo | 13 | 11 | .542 | 2 | 5 |
| Central Michigan | 12 | 12 | .500 | 3 | 6 |
| Western Michigan | 11 | 13 | .458 | 4 | 7 |
| Eastern Michigan | 10 | 14 | .417 | 5 | 8 |

## Results

| First round | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | Second round | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Kent State | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 8 | Eastern Michigan | 0 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 8 | Eastern Michigan | 0 | 1 | Kent State | 3 | | | | | | | |
| | | | 5 | Toledo | 2 | | | | | | | |
| 4 | Northern Illinois | 7 | 5 | Toledo | 2 | | | | | | | |
| 5 | Toledo | 11 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 5 | Toledo | 11 | | | | 1 | Kent State | 5 | 4 | | | |
| | | | | | | 8 | Eastern Michigan | 10 | 2 | | | |
| 8 | Eastern Michigan | 6 | | | | 8 | Eastern Michigan | 10 | 2 | | | |
| 4 | Northern Illinois | 2 | 8 | Eastern Michigan | 6 | | | | | | | |
| | | | 5 | Toledo | 1 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | 1 | Kent State | 7 |
| 2 | Ball State | 1 | | | | | | | | 1 | Kent State | 7 |
| 2 | Ball State | 1 | | | | | | | | 7 | Western Michigan | 12 |
| 7 | Western Michigan | 5 | | | | | | | | 7 | Western Michigan | 12 |
| 7 | Western Michigan | 5 | 7 | Western Michigan | 10 | | | | | | | |
| | | | 3 | Miami (OH) | 6 | | | | | | | |
| 3 | Miami (OH) | 10 | 3 | Miami (OH) | 6 | | | | | | | |
| 6 | Central Michigan | 5 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 6 | Central Michigan | 5 | | | | 7 | Western Michigan | 3 | 4 | | | |
| | | | | | | 6 | Central Michigan | 10 | 0 | | | |
| 2 | Ball State | 0 | | | | 6 | Central Michigan | 10 | 0 | | | |
| 6 | Central Michigan | 4 | 6 | Central Michigan | 5 | | | | | | | |
| | | | 3 | Miami (OH) | 3 | | | | | | | |
# Amery

Amery may refer to:

## People

* Amery of Pavy (died 1352), English knight, originally from Pavia in Lombardy, Italy
* Bill Amery (1894–1966), Australian rules footballer
* Charlie Amery (1910–1979), British footballer
* Jean Améry (1912–1978), Austrian author
* John Amery (1912–1945), British fascist, executed for treason
* Julian Amery, Baron Amery of Lustleigh, British Conservative politician
* Leo Amery (1873–1955), British Conservative politician, Secretary of State for India, father of John and Julian
* Les Amery (1934–1999), former Australian rules footballer
* Mickey Amery (born 1982), Canadian politician
* Moe Amery (1954–2023), former member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta
* Rob Amery (born 1954), Australian linguist
* Richard Sanderson Amery, Australian former politician
* Shenda Amery, painter and sculptor
* William Bankes Amery (1883–26 November 1951), British painter and sculptor

## Places

* Amery, Western Australia, a rail siding
* Amery, Wisconsin, a city in Polk County
** Amery Municipal Airport
* Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica (named after William Bankes Amery)
* Amery Peaks, Antarctica