# Charles Adderley, 1st Baron Norton

Charles Bowyer Adderley, 1st Baron Norton KCMG PC DL JP (2 August 1814 – 28 March 1905) was a British Conservative politician.

## Background and education

Charles Bowyer Adderley was the eldest son of Charles Clement Adderley (d. 1818), offspring of an old Staffordshire family, and his wife, daughter of Sir Edmund Cradock-Hartopp, 1st Baronet. Adderley inherited Hams Hall, Warwickshire, and the valuable estates of his great-uncle, Charles Bowyer Adderley, in 1826. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1838.

## Political career

In 1841, Adderley entered the House of Commons as Member of Parliament for North Staffordshire, retaining his seat until 1878, when he was created Baron Norton.
Adderley's ministerial career began in 1858, when he was appointed President of the Board of Health and Vice-president of the Committee of the Council on Education in Lord Derby's short ministry. Again under Lord Derby, he was Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1866 to 1868, being in charge of the act which created the new Dominion of Canada, and from 1874 to 1878, he was President of the Board of Trade.
He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1858, was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the 1869 Birthday Honours, and, in 1878, he was elevated to the peerage as Baron Norton, of Norton-on-the-Moors in the County of Stafford.
Norton was a strong churchman and especially interested in education and the colonies. He joined the Canterbury Association on 27 March 1848 and was a member of the management committee from the beginning. In 1852/53, he paid £500 towards the costs of the closure of the association.
Sir Charles Adderley and John Arthur Roebuck were ridiculed by Matthew Arnold for their English complacency.

## Family

In 1842 he married Julia Anne Eliza (1820–1887), oldest daughter of Chandos Leigh, 1st Baron Leigh, by whom he had several sons. His eldest son Charles Leigh Adderley succeeded him in the barony. Another son, the Hon. James Granville Adderley, vicar of Saltley, became well known as an advocate of Christian socialism. His daughter Isabel married in 1876 Vauncey Harpur Crewe of Calke Abbey, later 10th Baronet.

## Tributes

Adderley Street is a famous street in Cape Town, South Africa, considered the main street of the central business district. In 1850, the Mayor of Cape Town, Hercules Jarvis, named it to honour Adderley who had fought successfully against a proposal to make Cape Town into a penal colony.
In Birmingham, Adderley donated 8 acres (0.032 km$^2$) of land to create Adderley Park, which he managed privately from 1855 to 1864. He also donated land for the construction of St Saviour's Church, Saltley, St Peter's College, Saltley and the reformatory on the Fordrough, later called Norton Boys' Home. In 1879 Lord Norton sold Whitacre Lodge to the city for the construction of the 80 acres (0.32 km$^2$) Shustoke Reservoir, the largest single source of water for Birmingham until the Elan/Claerwen scheme was completed.
In Uppingham, Rutland, where he owned property, both Adderley Street and Norton Street are named after him.
Adderley Head, a headland between Lyttelton Harbour and Port Levy, near Canterbury, New Zealand, is named after him.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Charles Adderley, 1st Baron Norton :
* CrestOn a chapeau Azure turned up Ermine a stork Argent.
* EscutcheonArgent on a bend Azure three mascles of the field.
* SupportersOn either side a stork Argent gorged with a chain Or suspended therefrom an escutcheon Azure charged with a mascle also Argent.
* MottoAddere Legi Justitiam Decus ("It is an honour to combine law and justice.")