OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 10 kilometres walk

The men's 10 kilometres walk event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on Tuesday, August 17, 1920, and on Wednesday, August 18, 1920. Twenty-three race walkers from 13 nations competed.

## Records

These were the standing world and Olympic records (in minutes) prior to the 1920 Summer Olympics.
| World record | Gunnar Rasmussen (DEN) | 45:26.4 | Denmark | 18 August 1918 |
| Olympic record | George Goulding (CAN) | 46:28.4 | Stockholm (SWE) | 11 August 1912 |

## Results
### Semifinals

The semifinals were held on Tuesday, August 17, 1920.
Semifinal 1
This heat was one lap short, so the distance of this race was only 9600 metres.
| Place | Athlete | Time | Qual. |
| 1 | Ugo Frigerio (ITA) | 47:06.4 | Q |
| 2 | Joseph Pearman (USA) | 47:30.0 | Q |
| 3 | George Parker (AUS) | 47:31.0 | Q |
| 4 | Donato Pavesi (ITA) | 48:12.0 | Q |
| 5 | Charles Gunn (GBR) | 48:22.0 | Q |
| 6 | Jean Seghers (BEL) | 48:29.0 | Q |
| 7 | Winfred Rolker (USA) | | |
| — | Josef Šlehofer (TCH) | DNF | |
| — | Charles Dowson (GBR) | DNF | |
| — | Paul Verlaeckt (BEL) | DQ | |
| — | Eduard Hermann (EST) | DQ | |
| — | Martial Simon (FRA) | DQ | |
| — | Gunnar Rasmussen (DEN) | DQ | |
Semifinal 2
| Place | Athlete | Time | Qual. |
| 1 | William Hehir (GBR) | 51:33.8 | Q |
| 2 | Cecil McMaster (RSA) | 51:39.0 | Q |
| 3 | Thomas Maroney (USA) | (51:54.6) | Q |
| 4 | William Plant (USA) | (52:18.3) | Q |
| 5 | Luis Meléndez (ESP) | (53:56.6) | Q |
| 6 | Antoine Doyen (BEL) | | Q |
| — | Stanislas Anselmetti (SUI) | DNF | |
| — | Charles Wiggers (BEL) | DQ | |
| — | Niels Pedersen (DEN) | DQ | |
| — | Eversleigh Freeman (CAN) | DQ | |

### Final

The final was held on Wednesday, August 18, 1920.
Before the race started Frigerio handed the conductor of the mid-field band several sheets of music, which he requested to be played during the race. He won so easily that he stopped once to show the band the correct tempo...
| Place | Athlete | Time |
| 1 | Ugo Frigerio (ITA) | 48:06.2 |
| 2 | Joseph Pearman (USA) | (49:40.2) |
| 3 | Charles Gunn (GBR) | (49:43.9) |
| 4 | Cecil McMaster (RSA) | (50:04.0) |
| 5 | William Hehir (GBR) | (50:11.8) |
| 6 | Thomas Maroney (USA) | (50:24.4) |
| 7 | Jean Seghers (BEL) | (50:32.4) |
| 8 | Antoine Doyen (BEL) | (56:30.0) |
| — | Luis Meléndez (ESP) | DNF |
| — | George Parker (AUS) | DQ |
| — | Donato Pavesi (ITA) | DQ |
| — | William Plant (USA) | DNS |
# LaTonya Goffney

LaTonya M. Goffney is the superintendent of the Aldine Independent School District (AISD), which serves nearly 70,000 students in North Houston and is one of the largest school districts in the state of Texas. She previously served as superintendent of the Lufkin Independent School District and the Coldspring-Oakhurst Consolidated Independent School District.

## Education

Dr. Goffney earned a bachelor’s degree in history, a master’s degree in educational administration from Sam Houston State University, completing her doctorate in educational leadership at the same institution in 2011.

## Career

Dr. Goffney began her career in 1999 as a middle school language arts teacher in Coldspring-Oakhurst Consolidated Independent School District, the rural district near Sam Houston National Forest where she completed high school. She was named superintendent in 2008, and served in that position until 2013. A global education professional association, PDK International, named Dr. Goffney an Emerging Leader in 2012.
In 2013, Dr. Goffney became the superintendent of Lufkin Independent School District and she held that position until 2018. She was named Superintendent of the Year by the Texas Association of School Boards in 2017, the first Black woman to receive the award since it was first given in 1984. She was also the 2018 Texas nominee for the American Association of School Administrators National Superintendent of the Year award. Dr. Goffney joined Aldine ISD as superintendent in 2018, the first Black person to hold that position, serving the most students among female superintendents in Texas. In 2019, she was awarded the Sam Houston State University Distinguished Alumni Award, named VYPE Magazine Administrator of the Year, and a finalist for the American Association of School Administrators (AASA) Women In School Leadership Award.
In addition to her work as a district leader, Dr. Goffney is involved with many professional and community organizations. In 2020, she joined the Board of Directors for the Greater Houston Partnership, which serves over 1,100 member companies spread among twelve counties in the Houston area. She is a member of the Texas and National Alliances of Black School Educators, Texas Academic Decathlon Board, TASA Future-Ready Superintendents, Chiefs for Change, Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority, and the Texas Council of Women School Executives.
# Abazu

Abazu may refer to:
* Abazu, Myanmar, a village in the Bago Division of Myanmar
* Abazu (Assyrian king) (fl. c. 2257 BCE - c. 2244 BCE)
* Abazu-Akabo, an autonomous community in Ikeduru Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria
# Gordon Ingram

Gordon Bailey Ingram (December 30, 1924 – November 4, 2004) was an American inventor and entrepreneur. Along with Mitchell WerBell III, he founded Military Armament Corporation. Ingram was the creator of the MAC-10 and MAC-11 machine pistols, and is widely credited with repopularizing the submachine gun.

## Biography

Gordon B. Ingram was born in Los Angeles, California. His first foray into the weapons design world was during his years of service in the United States Army. He designed the Ingram Model 6 in 1949 and later went on to design and manufacture the MAC-10 and MAC-11. Ingram's role in the creation of the MAC-10 earned him the moniker "father of the machine pistol". His design accomplishments spanned over forty years and left behind several notable designs. His Ranchero and Durango series of rifles incorporated the concept of multiple-use weapons that all use not only the same pistol-caliber rounds but the associated magazines as well.
Ingram was also known for his associations with some of the US defense sector's most prominent figures, such as Mitchell WerBell III, who designed the suppressor for the MAC-10.
# The Other Side of Dawn

The Other Side Of Dawn may refer to:
* The Other Side Of Dawn, a 1999 book by John Marsden and the CBCA Children's Book of the Year Award: Older Readers 2000
* Alexander: The Other Side of Dawn, an NBC made-for-television movie, first telecast 1977
# Churring cisticola

The churring cisticola (Cisticola njombe) is a species of bird in the family Cisticolidae. It is found in Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-elevation grassland.
# CLCC1

Chloride channel CLIC-like 1 also known as CLCC1 is a human gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is a chloride channel which is related in sequence to the S. cerevisiae MID-1 stretch-activated channel. CLCC1 is located in the membranes of intracellular compartments including endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. It is highly expressed in the testis and moderately in the spleen, liver, kidney, heart, brain, and lung.
# The Nearness of You (disambiguation)

"The Nearness of You" is a popular song, written in 1938 by Hoagy Carmichael with lyrics by Ned Washington.
The Nearness of You may also refer to:
* The Nearness of You (Shelly Berg album), 2008
* The Nearness of You (Paul Bley album), 1989
* The Nearness of You (Red Garland album), 1962
* The Nearness of You (Helen Merrill album), 1958
* The Nearness of You (Houston Person album), 1977
* The Nearness of You (Frank Sinatra album), 1967
* Nearness of You: The Ballad Book, 2001 album by Michael Brecker
* "The Nearness of You (Astro City)", a 1996 short story
# Chitoria

Chitoria is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae found in Southeast Asia.

## Species

Listed alphabetically (Funet):
* Chitoria chrysolora (Fruhstorfer, 1908)
* Chitoria cooperi (Tytler, 1926)
* Chitoria fasciola (Leech, 1890)
* Chitoria leei Lang，2009 - Hubei (Province, Mt. Shennongjia)
* Chitoria modesta (Oberthür, 1906)
* Chitoria naga (Tytler, 1915) Yunnan
* Chitoria pallas (Leech, 1890)
* Chitoria sordida (Moore, [1866])
* Chitoria subcaerulea (Leech, 1891)
* Chitoria ulupi (Doherty, 1889)
* Chitoria vietnamica Nguyen, 1979
# Abazlı, Bala

Abazlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bala, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 728 (2022).
# The Man Inside (1916 film)

The Man Inside is a 1916 American silent mystery film directed by John G. Adolfi and starring Edwin Stevens, Tina Marshall and Charles Burbridge. It was based on the novel by Natalie Sumner Lincoln.

## Cast

* Edwin Stevens as Barry / Dana Thornton
* Tina Marshall as Eleanor
* Charles Burbridge as Sen. Carew
* Justina Huff as Cynthia
* Billy Armstrong as Lt. Lane
* Sidney Bracey as Winthrop
* Harry Benham as Hunter
* Louis Leon Hall as Brett
* Gustave Thomas as Secretary of State
* Florence Crawford as Yvette Deplau
# Charles Henry (librarian)

Charles Henry (1859–1926) was a French librarian and editor. He was born at Bollwiller, Haut-Rhin, and was educated in Paris, where in 1881 he became assistant and afterward librarian in the Sorbonne. As a specialist in the history of mathematics, he was sent to Italy to seek some manuscripts of that nature which the government wished to publish. He edited several works upon kindred subjects, as well as memoirs, letters, and other volumes, and wrote critiques upon the musical theories of Rameau and Wronski. He is also credited with the invention of several ingenious devices and instruments used in psychophysiological laboratories. He published C. Huet's correspondence under the title Un érudit, homme du monde, homme d'église, homme de cour (1880), and he issued also Problèmes de géométrie pratique (1884) and Lettres inédites de Mlle. de Lespinasse à Condorcet et à D'Alembert (1887).
Charles Henry, a mathematician, inventor, esthetician, and intimate friend of the Symbolist and anarchist writers Félix Fénéon and Gustave Kahn, met Georges Seurat, Paul Signac and Camille Pissarro during the last Impressionist exhibition in 1886. Henry would take the final step in bringing emotional associational theory into the world of artistic sensation: something that would influence greatly the Neo-Impressionists. Henry and Seurat were in agreement that the basic elements of art—the line, particle of color, like words—could be treated autonomously, each possessing an abstract value independent of one another, if so chose the artist. In 1889 Fénéon noted that Seurat knew that the line, independent of its topographical role, possesses an assessable abstract value, in addition, to the individual pieces of color, and the relation of both to the observer's emotion.
The Neo-Impressionists established what was accepted as an objective scientific basis for their painting in the domain of color. The underlying theory behind Neo-Impressionism would have a lasting effect on the works produced in the coming years by the likes of Robert Delaunay. The Cubists were to do so in both form and dynamics, and the Orphists would do so with color too. The decomposition of spectral light expressed in Neo-Impressionist color theory of Paul Signac and Charles Henry played an important role in the formulation of Orphism. Robert Delaunay, Albert Gleizes, and Gino Severini all knew Henry personally.
Late in life he filed for a patent to produce methanol from carbon monoxide and founded Société Française de Catalyse Généralisée to exploit it.

## Works

* Introduction à une esthétique scientifique, Paris, 1885
* La Vérité sur le Marquis de Sade, Paris, E. Dentu, 1887
* Rapporteur esthétique, Paris, Seguin, 1888
* Cercle cromatique, Paris, Verdin, 1888
* Esthétique et psychophysique, «Revue philosophique», 29, 1890
* Harmonies de formes et de couleurs, Paris, 1891
* L'esthétique des formes, «La Revue blanche», 7, 1894
* Sensation et énergie, Paris, 1910
* Mémoire et habitude, Paris, 1911
* La lumière, la couleur et la forme, «L'esprit nouveau», 1921.
# Giuseppe Carnevale

Giuseppe Carnevale (born 29 June 1978) is an Italian former footballer.
# Laocoön and His Sons (Chinard)

Laocoön and His Sons is a 0.83 m high marble sculpture by Joseph Chinard, now in the Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon. It is a reduced-scale copy of the ancient Laocoön and His Sons. He received the inspiration for it during a trip to Rome in the 1740s, where he observed the methods of Doccia porcelain.

## Sources

* Catalogue de l'exposition D'après l'Antique no 92, 16 octobre 2000 - 15 janvier 2001, Jean-Pierre Cuzin, Jean-René Gaborit, Alain Pasquier.
# Arnhild Lauveng

Arnhild Lauveng (born 13 January 1972) is a Norwegian psychologist.

## Personal life

Lauveng had schizophrenia from the age of 17. She spent 10 years in various institutions. When she recovered she studied psychology at the University of Oslo, and now works as a clinical psychologist. In her autobiographical memoir A Road Back from Schizophrenia she describes her life at the hospital ward.

## Awards

* Fritt Ord Honorary Award (2008)

## Selected publications

* I morgen var jeg alltid en løve, Cappelen Damm (2005)
* A Road Back from Schizophrenia: A Memoir, Skyhorse Publishing (2012)
# L-lysine oxidase

In enzymology, a L-lysine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    L-lysine + O$_2$ + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ 6-amino-2-oxohexanoate + NH$_3$ + H$_2$O$_2$
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-lysine, O$_2$, and H$_2$O, whereas its 3 products are 6-amino-2-oxohexanoate, NH$_3$, and H$_2$O$_2$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors with oxygen as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating). Other names in common use include L-lysine alpha-oxidase, and L-lysyl-alpha-oxidase. This enzyme participates in lysine degradation.
# Aquifer properties

The aquifer properties of the aquifer essentially depend upon the composition of the aquifer. The most important properties of the aquifer are porosity and specific yield which in turn give its capacity to release the water in the pores and its ability to transmit the flow with ease.

## Porosity

In soil mechanics and hydrology, porosity is defined as the ratio of volume of voids to the total volume of porous medium. Mathematically it can be represented by the equation expressed as
    $n={\frac {V_{V}}{V_{T}}}={\frac {V_{V}}{V_{S}+V_{V}}}={\frac {e}{1+e}}$
where $e$ is void ratio, $n$ is porosity, V$_V$ is the volume of void-space (air and water), V$_S$ is the volume of solids, and V$_T$ is the total or bulk volume of medium. The significance of the porosity is that it gives the idea of water storage capacity of the aquifer. Qualitatively, porosity less than 5% is considered to be small, between 5 and 20% as medium and the percentage exceeding 20% is considered as large.

## Specific yield

Porosity gives a measure of the water storage capability of soil but not all the water present in the soil pores is available for extraction by pumping for the use of humans or draining by gravity. The pores in the soil hold back sufficient quantity of water on account of forces like surface tension and molecular attraction. Hence the actual amount of water that can be extracted from the unit volume of aquifer by pumping or under the action of gravity is called as specific yield. The fraction of water held back in the aquifer is known as specific retention. Thus it can be said that porosity is the sum of specific yield and specific retention. Specific yield of soils differ from each other in the sense that some soil types have strong molecular attraction with the water held in their pores while others have less. It is found experimentally that cohesionless soils have high specific yield than cohesive soils because the former has significantly less molecular attraction then the latter. Coarse-grained soils or rocks such as coarse sandstone can have specific yields that are closer to their actual porosity in the range 20 to 35%. The case of fine grained materials is quite opposite to that range.

### Porosity and Specific Yield of Soil Formation

| Formation | Porosity% | Specific yield% |
| Clay | 45-55 | 1-10 |
| Sand | 35-40 | 10-30 |
| Gravel | 30-40 | 15-30 |
| Sandstone | 10-30 | 5-15 |
| Shale | 1-10 | 0.5-5 |
| Limestone | 1-10 | 0.5-5 |
In the table above, sand and gravel though having less porosity than clay yield much more than clay because of relatively less molecular attraction and coarse size of particles.
Specific retention division of subject water
# 2006 Fed Cup World Group play-offs

The World Group play-offs were four ties which involved the losing nations of the World Group first round and the winning nations of the World Group II. Nations that won their play-off ties entered the 2007 World Group, while losing nations joined the 2007 World Group II.

## Japan vs. Austria

| Japan 5 | Ariake Coliseum, Tokyo, Japan 15–16 July 2006 Decoturf (indoors) | Ariake Coliseum, Tokyo, Japan 15–16 July 2006 Decoturf (indoors) | Austria 0 |
| 1 2 3 1 Akiko Morigami Barbara Schwartz 7$^7$ 6$^3$ 6 0     2 Ai Sugiyama Melanie Klaffner 7 5 6 1     3 Aiko Nakamura Barbara Schwartz 6 2 7 5     4 Akiko Morigami Nikola Hofmanova 6 2 6 3     5 Shinobu Asagoe / Ai Sugiyama Melanie Klaffner / Barbara Schwartz 6 3 1 6 6 1 ||||

## France vs. Czech Republic

| France 3 | US Cagnes Tennis, Cagnes-sur-Mer, France 15–16 July 2006 Red clay (outdoors) | US Cagnes Tennis, Cagnes-sur-Mer, France 15–16 July 2006 Red clay (outdoors) | Czech Republic 2 |
| 1 2 3 1 Tatiana Golovin Nicole Vaidišová 1 6 6 3 9 11   2 Nathalie Dechy Lucie Šafářová 5 7 6 3 9 7   3 Nathalie Dechy Nicole Vaidišová 2 6 3 6     4 Tatiana Golovin Lucie Šafářová 6 2 6 1     5 Séverine Brémond / Tatiana Golovin Iveta Benešová / Květa Peschke 6 4 7$^7$ 6$^2$ ||||

## China vs. Germany

| China 4 | Beijing Tennis Center, Beijing, China 15–16 July 2006 Rebound Ace (indoors) | Beijing Tennis Center, Beijing, China 15–16 July 2006 Rebound Ace (indoors) | Germany 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Li Na Kristina Barrois 6 3 6 4     2 Zheng Jie Kathrin Wörle 6 4 7 5     3 Li Na Kathrin Wörle 7 5 7 5     4 Sun Tiantian Tatjana Malek 6 4 3 6 3 6   5 Yan Zi / Zheng Jie Kristina Barrois / Jasmin Wöhr 6 3 6 4 ||||

## Croatia vs. Russia

| Croatia 2 | ITC Stella Maris, Umag, Croatia 15–16 July 2006 Red clay (outdoors) | ITC Stella Maris, Umag, Croatia 15–16 July 2006 Red clay (outdoors) | Russia 3 |
| 1 2 3 1 Ivana Lisjak Anna Chakvetadze 6$^2$ 7$^7$ 6$^3$ 7$^7$     2 Sanja Ančić Elena Dementieva 3 6 5 7     3 Karolina Šprem Elena Dementieva 1 6 3 6     4 Sanja Ančić Vera Dushevina 7$^7$ 6$^5$ 6 2     5 Ivana Lisjak / Matea Mezak Anna Chakvetadze / Elena Vesnina 3 6 7$^7$ 6$^3$ 6 2 ||||
# Asian Sound

Asian Sound Radio was a radio station located in Broadcast House, Southall Street in Manchester. It was the only 24-hour commercial radio station in the North West dedicated to the Asian community, which recently broadcast on MW across the whole region from Preston in the North to Stockport in the South. The programming is a blend of news, current affairs, interviews, competitions, music and information in English, Urdu, Punjabi, Pashto Bengali and Gujarati.
The station, which launched in 1996, had beaten off competition from Buzz 963AM which had proposed a full-service English speaking station.
On 22 April 2024, Asian Sound Radio was renamed Lyca Radio Greater Manchester following Lyca's acquisition of the station in 2023. The output features local content and some networked programming from London.
# Tinelli

Tinelli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Loris Tinelli (born 1999), Luxembourger footballer
* Marcelo Tinelli (born 1960), Argentine TV host, media producer, and businessman
* Tiberio Tinelli (1586–1639), Italian painter
# The Golden Gopher

The Golden Gopher is a restored 1905 dive bar in Downtown Los Angeles at 417 W. 8th Street. It was originally dubbed The Golden Sun Saloon, reopening as the Golden Gopher in 2004. Due to its age, its original 1905 liquor license exempts it from abiding by certain present-day ordinances, such as prohibiting the sale or location of alcohol within a certain distance of the establishment's front door, or the prohibition of liquor-to-go. Former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt was a rumored early owner of the bar. It is currently managed by L.A. entrepreneur Cedd Moses under his 213 Hospitality group which, as of 2018, oversees 17 other Los Angeles watering holes and eateries that are either in their original state or are located in historic buildings whose original uses differed from that of a food or drink business.

## Philanthropy

The Golden Gopher and 213 Hospitality are partnered with The Spirited Group as The Spirited Coalition for Change. The coalition aims to raise funds for and awareness of the homelessness crisis in the city. They aim to help "permanently end the cycle of homelessness on Skid Row and Los Angeles, provide special services in particular to the homeless women, children & veterans on Skid Row, and raise awareness of homelessness and Skid Row amongst [their] partners and patrons." One of the coalition's fundraising efforts involves donating a portion of the Golden Gopher's Moscow mule proceeds toward the coalition's activities.

## Use as a filming location

* The Golden Gopher appears in recording artist Taylor Swift's "Delicate" music video.
* The opening of Chris Brown's video for his song "Liquor" features the Golden Gopher's neon marquee.
* A scene in Torchwood: Miracle Day shows Captain Jack Harkness drinking there, although the story cites it as a bar in Washington, D.C.
# Christopher of Denmark

Christopher of Denmark – Danish: Christoffer - may refer to:
* Christopher I of Denmark
* Christopher II of Denmark
* Christopher III of Denmark, better known as Christopher of Bavaria
* Christopher, Duke of Lolland
* Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark
* Christopher, Duke of Schleswig, illegitimate son Valdemar I of Denmark
* Christopher Eriksen, son of Eric IV of Denmark who died young
# Gibbs Humdinga

The Gibbs Humdinga is a high speed amphibious vehicle concept designed by Gibbs Technologies. It was publicly announced in February 2012 and was created specifically to access remote and hostile terrain. It uses the same High Speed Amphibian (HSA) technology as the Gibbs Aquada. It has yet to be sold to the public.
The Humdinga transforms from land to water mode when the driver pushes a button. The wheels retract and the power train disconnects from driving the wheels to driving only the jet propulsion system.
On water the Humdinga can reach the 'plane' in less than 10 seconds. It has a curb weight of 3,000 kg (6,614 lb). The vehicle is 7,012 mm (276.1 in) in length, 2,440 mm (96.1 in) in height and 2,304 mm (90.7 in) in width.
This amphibious truck boat (which Gibbs calls an Amphitruck) is switchable between 4 wheel and 2 wheel drive, and can travel at up to 80 miles per hour (130 km/h) on land. Once on water the jet propulsion system allows the vehicle to reach over 30 miles per hour (48 km/h). The vehicle can seat up to 9 occupants (depending on configuration), along with supplies and baggage. The vehicle is run by a powerful 370 bhp (280 kW) engine. It took 15 years and over a million man hours to develop the amphibious technology used, according to Alan Gibbs, co-founder.
# 2004 Allianz Suisse Open Gstaad

The 2004 Allianz Suisse Open Gstaad was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Roy Emerson Arena in Gstaad in Switzerland and was part of the International Series of the 2004 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from July 5 through July 11, 2004.

## Finals
### Singles

Roger Federer defeated Igor Andreev 6–2, 6–3, 5–7, 6–3
* It was Federer's 7th title of the year and the 18th of his career.

### Doubles

Leander Paes / David Rikl defeated Marc Rosset / Stanislas Wawrinka 6–4, 6–2
* It was Paes' 2nd title of the year and the 29th of his career. It was Rikl's 2nd title of the year and the 30th of his career.