OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dagfinn Hauge

Dagfinn Hauge (14 July 1908 – 14 March 2007) was a Norwegian writer and Lutheran Bishop in the Church of Norway. During the German occupation of Norway he served as priest at the Akershus Prison, where prisoners with death sentence spent their last days before execution.

## Biography

Hauge grew up in Bergen, Norway. He was the son of David Hauge (1876-1926) and Kari Bremer (1880-1979). In 1927 he went to the University of Oslo to study theology at the Faculty of Law and graduated in 1932. In 1938, Hauge was a parish priest at Lilleborg neighborhood of Oslo. Hauge was known for his work during World War II, when in 1941 he was asked to serve at the prison at Akershus Fortress in Oslo. He worked at Akershus for the duration of the war, and ministered to a number of prisoners who were sentenced to death during the German occupation of Norway. After the end of the war and of the German occupation of Norway, Hauge wrote a book in which he described his experiences ministering to condemned prisoners (Slik dør menn; 1946).
Hauge was briefly a member of Oslo City Council. He was a board member of the Luther Foundation (Norwegian: Lutherstiftelsen) (1945–1961). From 1946-60, he served as chairman of the board of Diakonissehuset in Oslo (now Lovisenberg Diakonale Sykehus). Hauge was also secretary general of the Norwegian Christian Youth League (1948–1954). He served as editor of Luthersk Kirketidende, published by Luther Foundation (1954–1962). Hauge was a minister at Vestre Aker in Oslo from 1959 to 1962. He then served as the bishop of the Diocese of Tunsberg from 1962 to 1978.

## Selected works

* Lilleborg menighet 25 år (1942)
* Bønnens mulighet (1944)
* Slik dør menn (1946)
* Visitas på bedehuset (1966)
* Lokalmenighetenes organisasjonsform (1973)
* Fortolkning til første og annen Samuels bok (1973)
* Menighet i vekst (1977)
* Tiden i Tunsberg (1983)
* 100 år med ungdom i Larvik (1987)
* Prestetjeneste på Akershus under krigen (2001)
# 49 Camelopardalis

49 Camelopardalis is a variable star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Camelopardalis, located 313 light years from the Sun based on parallax measurements. It has the variable star designation BC Camelopardalis; 49 Camelopardalis is the Flamsteed designation. This star is a challenge to view with the naked eye, having a baseline apparent visual magnitude of 6.50. It is moving away from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +6.5 km/s.
This is a magnetic chemically peculiar star with a stellar classification of A7VpSrCrEuSiKsn, indicating it is an A-type main-sequence star with overabundances of various elements including strontium and europium, as well as broad, "nebulous" lines. The magnetic field of 49 Camelopardalis shows a relatively complex structure, in combination with distinct abundance patterns across the surface.
Walter K. Bonsack et al. discovered that 49 Camelopardalis is a variable star, in 1974. It is classified as an Alpha$^2$ Canum Venaticorum type variable and its brightness varies from visual magnitude +6.43 down to +6.48 with a rotationally-modulated period of 4.29 days.
49 Camelopardalis has 1.9 times the mass of the Sun and 2.3 times the Sun's radius. It is around 891 million years old and is spinning with a period of 4.29 days. The star is radiating 17 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,740 K.
# Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, severe early-onset

Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, severe early-onset is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COPD gene.
# Petra Zdechovanová

Petra Zdechovanová (born 2 November 1995) is a Slovak footballer who plays as a defender for Polish III liga club MTS Knurów. She has appeared for the Slovakia women's national team.

## Career

Zdechovanová has been capped for the Slovakia national team, appearing for the team during the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualifying cycle.
# National Olympic Stadium

National Olympic Stadium may refer to:
* Olympic Stadium (Phnom Penh)
* Dinamo Stadium (Minsk)
* National Olympic Stadium (Tokyo)
# Stigmella paradoxa

Stigmella paradoxa is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in most of Europe (except the Benelux, Iceland, Denmark, Norway, Norway, Finland, and most of the Baltic region), east to the Near East and the eastern part of the Palearctic realm.
The wingspan is 4–5 mm. The thick erect hairs on the head vertex are rust yellow and the collar white. The antennal eyecaps are white. The forewings are shiny bronze brown with a tip dark purple brown, apex. The hindwings are brown grey.
Adults are on wing from June to July.
The larvae feed on Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus pentagyna. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The damage consists of blotch in the tip of a leaf segment, without any preceding corridor.
# Paul Galea

Paul Galea (born 19 February 1970) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s. Primarily a second-row, he played for the Gold Coast Seagulls and was a foundation player for the North Queensland Cowboys.

## Background

Originally from Moranbah, Queensland, Galea played for the Mackay Magpies and was selected in the Australian Schoolboys under-15 merit side in 1985. His younger brother Brett played first grade for the Brisbane Broncos and Adelaide Rams.

## Playing career

In 1992, Galea joined the Gold Coast Seagulls after playing for the Fortitude Valley Diehards. In Round 4 of the 1992 NSWRL season, he made his first grade debut in a 20–0 loss to the Cronulla Sharks. He spent three seasons with the Gold Coast, playing 18 games, scoring one try.
In 1995, Galea joined the newly formed North Queensland Cowboys, and started at lock in their inaugural game. In his first season with the Cowboys, he played 19 games, scoring four tries, and won the club's Club Person of the Year award. Galea played just six games for the Cowboys over the following two seasons, leaving the club at the end of the 1997 season.

## Achievements and accolades
### Individual

* North Queensland Cowboys Club Person of the Year: 1995

## Statistics
### NSWRL/ARL/Super League

| Season | Team | Matches | T | G | GK % | F/G | Pts |
| 1992 | Gold Coast | 7 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 |
| 1993 | Gold Coast | 6 | 1 | 0 | — | 0 | 4 |
| 1994 | Gold Coast | 5 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 |
| 1995 | North Queensland | 19 | 4 | 0 | — | 0 | 16 |
| 1996 | North Queensland | 5 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 |
| 1997 | North Queensland | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 |
| Career totals | Career totals | 43 | 5 | 0 | – | 0 | 20 |

## Post-playing career

In 2010, while coaching the Mackay Magpies under-11 side, Galea was banned from coaching junior rugby league for two-and-a-half years after punching an official.
# PSGC Ciamis

PSGC stands for Persatuan Sepak Bola Galuh Ciamis (en: Football Association of Galuh Ciamis). PSGC Ciamis is an Indonesian football club based in Ciamis Regency, West Java. They currently play in Liga Nusantara. PSGC's most common nickname is Laskar Singacala (Singacala Warriors).

## History

During the Dutch East Indies era, Ciamis Regency introduced the name Persig (Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Galuh). after independence, the name was changed to Persigal (Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Galuh). Times have changed, including people's lives. In 1990, Persigal changed its name to PSGC. The reason was, at that time there were those who suggested that Ciamis football should not use the name GALUH, because it was too burdensome. Finally, the name CIAMIS was attached to the name GALUH. Ciamis Regency is one of the areas that uses one of the "icon" for the name of the union. The icon is (the kingdom of) Galuh.
PSGC Ciamis was established in 1990, starting on August 26, 1990, in the 1990 Galuh Cup final. PSGC A (Ciamis) managed to beat Tasikmalaya 3–0 at Galuh Field, Ciamis Regency. PSGC A won the 1990 Galuh Cup title. 1990 Galuh Cup was attended by six teams from five regions. They came from West Java (Tasikmalaya, Majalengka, Kuningan, and the host Ciamis) and Cilacap from Central Java. The hosts included two of their teams, PSGC A and PSGC B.

## Stadium

They play their home matches in Galuh Stadium, with the capacity of 10,000 spectators.

## Players
### Current squad

    As of 15 December 2024
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 2 | DF | IDN | Hercules |
| 3 | DF | IDN | Irza Rahmad Dian |
| 4 | MF | IDN | Nia Nurfadillah |
| 5 | DF | IDN | Alif Nour Maulana |
| 6 | DF | IDN | Dede Komarudin |
| 7 | FW | IDN | Hose Mando andri |
| 8 | MF | IDN | Wahyu Hidayat |
| 9 | FW | IDN | Naqki Ramadhan |
| 10 | FW | IDN | Nur Mahyuddin |
| 11 | MF | IDN | Aldi Imron Rosadi |
| 12 | FW | IDN | Ronan Aryo Wibisono |
| 14 | MF | IDN | Ganjar Kurniawan (captain) |
| 15 | MF | IDN | Mahadirga Lasut |
| 17 | MF | IDN | Seprian Lasut |
| 18 | DF | IDN | Yuda Hazmi Amrulloh |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 19 | FW | IDN | Tio Alessandro |
| 20 | MF | IDN | Afzal Harwalis |
| 21 | GK | IDN | Iyan Purnawan |
| 24 | MF | IDN | Ajril Shahril |
| 27 | DF | IDN | Surya Wardana |
| 33 | GK | IDN | Okta Putra Ferdiawan |
| 43 | DF | IDN | Iyan Pratama |
| 44 | DF | IDN | Muhammad Aditia |
| 47 | GK | IDN | Rifki Ramdani |
| 66 | DF | IDN | Javan Gandhi |
| 67 | FW | IDN | Rahmat Angga |
| 71 | MF | IDN | Kamal Sajidin |
| 77 | MF | IDN | Defri Rizki |
| 88 | MF | IDN | Rahmad Rizki |
# Sushant University

Sushant University, formerly Ansal University (AU) is a private university situated in Gurgaon, National Capital Region (NCR), India. It was established in 2012 through the Haryana Private Universities Act (Amendment) 2012,. It was previously a private college affiliated with Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, established in August 2000 under the Chiranjiv Charitable Trust. In 2020 it was renamed to its current name, under the Haryana Private Universities (Amendment) Act, 2020.

## Location

Sushant University is located in the foothills of Aravalli Range on the Golf Course Road with facilities on a 15-acre (61,000 m$^2$) campus.
# Francofil

Francofil is the most widely used electronic discussion forum in the field of French and Francophone studies.

## History

Francofil was launched on 2 November 1995 at the University of Liverpool, by Kay Chadwick of the University of Liverpool and Tim Unwin of the University of Bristol. They were later joined as list administrator by Jane Gilbert. Its predecessor was Ozfrench, the electronic discussion forum for academics working in French studies in Australia, which Tim Unwin had launched in 1993. Francofil shares a large part of its membership with the Society for French Studies, though the relationship is informal.

## Diffusion and topics

In November 2020, twenty-five years after its launch, Francofil had 3300 subscribers. These subscribers are principally but not exclusively from institutions of higher education, in 44 different countries. This makes it the most widely used forum in French studies in the English-speaking world. Posts are moderated by the list administrators, Kay Chadwick, Tim Unwin and Jane Gilbert. Contributions to the list, which are mainly in English with a substantial minority in French, are automatically archived at: "Archives of Francofil". Francofil is a forum for intellectual debate within the international academic community of French Studies, as well as serving as a medium of exchange for practical matters such as the sharing of resources and job announcements. It has also replaced print media in allowing the immediate exchange of information for which scholars once relied on the ‘Queries, Requests, Information’ section of the paper journal the French Studies Bulletin, as its editor himself points out. Francofil is described as an ‘invaluable’ resource for scholarly consultation by Anthony Rudolf in The White Review.
# Bahuzi

Bahuzi (Arabic: بحوزي, also spelled Bhozy) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Tartus Governorate. It is located between Safita (to the east) and Ras al-Khashufah (to the west). According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Bahuzi had a population of 1,801 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.
# European cable television frequencies

These tables detail the frequencies used in European cable networks. Cable networks use frequencies which are used by different users terrestrially, like the military, police radio, etc. Because of the late introduction of cable television in Europe, older television sets generally could not receive the special cable-only channels, so some countries (like Germany) still have the rule that the public TV stations must be located either in Band I or Band III. The Hyperband was allocated later than the other cable-only channels, so television sets produced in the late-1980s and early-1990s may lack this band.
In most cable networks, the UHF band is unusable because its frequency is too high, so TV stations are only allocated within Band I, III, the Mid-, Super- and Hyperband. Even in modern cable networks, only some UHF channels (like only channels 21–26) may be usable. This leads to a high level of congestion in many European cable TV networks, especially as analogue transmission, which is still commonplace in cable television in Europe, is being migrated to digital transmission.

## Band I

* Channels 2–4, if they are used for TV, are only used for analog transmission. In other cases, the frequencies are in use for DOCSIS.
* Channels X, Y, Z, Z+1, Z+2, if they are used for TV, are only used for analog transmission.
* Channels D73 and D81 are not formally assigned, but are used in certain regions of Germany as an interim solution until the cable networks are upgraded. In other regions, programs on these channels are usually located in the UHF band.

## Midband

* Channel S01 cannot be used at all because it overlaps with the FM radio band.
* The frequency used by channels S02-S05 are used terrestrially for airband radio. This has led to disruptions in aircraft operations due to cable TV channels. Therefore, some countries, like Germany, have prohibited the use of these frequencies for analogue transmission in recent times.
* Because analogue VHF transmission used a bandwidth of 7 MHz, but digital transmissions need 8 MHz, the frequencies are shifted accordingly, with one channel being unavailable for digital transmission. Due to the proximity to the FM radio band, some cable networks have opted to further shifting the frequencies by one megahertz.
* Because analogue transmission on these frequencies uses 7 MHz bandwidth, digital also uses the same bandwidth. QAM carrier frequencies can vary in 0.5 MHz steps in the given range.

## CCIR Band III

* These channels are only used for analog and digital transmission.
* Because of the CCIR analogue channel raster, digital transmission also uses 7 MHz bandwidth channels. Only the OIRT channel raster uses 8 MHz bandwidth in VHF band III.

## OIRT Band III

* In VHF band III, 8 MHz channel bandwidth is not used in the EU for digital transmission.
# TEN Music Group

TEN Music Group is a Swedish independent record label headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. The label was founded by Ola Håkansson in 2003.

## History

The company was founded by Swedish singer, composer and producer, Ola Håkansson in 2003, in Stockholm, Sweden.
Håkansson originally founded Stockholm Records in 1992 with Alexander Bard as a joint venture with distributor, PolyGram. In 1998, Håkansson and Bard sold their shares in Stockholm Records to Universal Music Group, who had purchased Stockholm's distributor, PolyGram in 1995.
In 2003, the company was founded as a publishing and production company which employed ex-Stockholm Records' songwriters and producers. In 2007, Håkansson turned the company into an independent record label, publishing, songwriting, management and production house, known as a 360-degree company, drawing inspiration from the business structures of Atlantic Records, Island and Motown.
In May 2013, the company formed an alliance with Sony Music to handle select international releases for artists signed with TEN, and provide music recording and company facilities in London, Los Angeles and New York.

## Current artists

* Benjamin Ingrosso
* Bishara
* Bori
* Elliphant
* Felix Sandman
* FO&O
* Icona Pop
* I M Alec
* Kamferdrops
* Lennixx
* Maria Hazell
* Niki and the Dove
* Omar Rudberg
* Oscar Enestad
* Strandels
* Vera Hotsauce

## Former artists

* Zara Larsson
* Erik Hassle
# Cyanoform

Cyanoform (tricyanomethane) is an organic compound with the chemical formula HC(CN)$_3$. It is a colorless liquid. It is a cyanocarbon and derivative of methane with three cyano groups. For many years, chemists have been unable to isolate this compound as a neat, free acid. However, in September 2015, reports surfaced of a successful isolation.

## Properties

Dilute solutions of this acid, as well as its salts, have long been well known. Cyanoform ranks as one of the most acidic of the carbon acids with an estimated pK$_a$ of -5.1 in water and measured pK$_a$ of 5.1 in acetonitrile. The reaction of sulfuric acid with sodium tricyanomethanide in water (a reaction first tried by H. Schmidtmann in 1896 with inconclusive results) is reported to result in the formation of hydronium tricyanomethanide [H$_3$O]$^+$[C(CN)$_3$]$^−$ or the formation of (Z)-3-amino-2-cyano-3-hydroxyacrylamide, (H$_2$N−)(HO−)C=C(−C≡N)(−C(=O)−NH$_2$), depending on the precise conditions. The reaction of HCl gas with sodium tricyanomethanide dissolved in THF is reported to yield 1-chloro-1-amino-2,2-dicyanoethylene ((N≡C−)$_2$C=C(−NH$_2$)Cl) and its tautomer.

## Isolation

In September 2015 cyanoform was successfully isolated by a team of scientists at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. The team discovered that cyanoform was stable at temperatures below −40°C; previous beliefs were that cyanoform was stable at room temperature. The isolation confirmed that cyanoform is a colorless liquid.
# Vic Wunderle

Victor Steven "Vic" Wunderle (born March 4, 1976) is an archer from the United States.

## Biography

Wunderle was raised in Mason City, Illinois, and is the son of the famous archery coach Terry Wunderle. His passion for archery started at the age five. He competed in many competitions and received many honors throughout his childhood. After graduating from Illini Central High School in 1994, he attended Texas A&M University, where he graduated in 2002 with a degree in Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences.

## 2000 Summer Olympics

Wunderle won the silver medal in archery at the 2000 Summer Olympics. In the semifinals, he barely defeated Magnus Petersson of Sweden, scoring 108–107 in the 12-arrow match to advance to the gold medal final. There, he faced Simon Fairweather, a favorite son of the host country of Australia. Wunderle was defeated 113–106, taking 2nd place and the silver medal in the competition.
He also was a member of the American team that defeated Russia in a tie-breaker to win the bronze medal in the team competition.

## 2004 Summer Olympics

Wunderle competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in men's individual archery. He won his first three elimination matches, advancing to the quarterfinals. In the quarterfinals, Wunderle faced Marco Galiazzo of Italy, losing to the eventual gold medalist 109–108 in the 12-arrow match. Wunderle placed 8th overall.
Wunderle was also a member of the 4th-place American men's archery team at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

## 2006 Gold Cup

He defeated a promising young French archer, Pierre Georgeault, coached by Yann Léguillon, in the 16th of finals of the competition. He won third place in his match against Crispin Duenas of Canada.

## 2008 Summer Olympics

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing Wunderle finished his ranking round with a total of 652 points. This gave him the 41st seed for the final competition bracket in which he faced Eduardo Vélez in the first round, beating him 106–102. In the second round Wunderle and his opponent Ilario Di Buò both scored 108 points in the regular match and had to go to an extra round. In this extra round Di Buò scored 17 points, while Wunderle advanced to the third round with 19 points. Wunderle reached the quarter-final by beating Im Dong-Hyun with 113–111, but was eliminated by Juan René Serrano of Mexico, who was the first seed after scoring 679 in the ranking round.
Together with Brady Ellison and Butch Johnson he also took part in the team event. With his 652 score from the ranking round combined with the 664 of Ellison and the 653 of Johnson the Americans were in 10th position after the ranking round. In the first round they were not able to win against Chinese Taipei that won the confrontation by 222–218.

## Sources

* "Vic Wunderle's biography". vicwunderle.com.
* "11th Annual GOLD CUP TOURNAMENT / Bloomfield, New Jersey / 3-4 June 2006" (PDF). njarchery.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 21, 2007.
* Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Vic Wunderle". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on April 18, 2020.
# Mihalgazi

Mihalgazi (before 1927: Gümele) is a municipality and district of Eskişehir Province, Turkey. Its area is 109 km$^2$, and its population is 2,987 (2022). The town lies at an elevation of 210 m (689 ft), on the Sakarya River, 35 km north from Eskişehir city. The district borders İnhisar to the west, Yenipazar to the northwest, Sarıcakaya to the east and Tepebaşı to the south. There are hot springs in Sakarıılıca.
Mihalgazi was part of Eskişehir sanjak between 1292 and the second half of the 15th century. It was part of Göynük township of Bursa sanjak between second half of the 15th century and the 16th century, and then of Bolu sanjak until 1894, when it was attached to the Söğüt District of Bilecik. It was part of İnhisar nahiya in Söğüt township of Bilecik sanjak between 1894 and 1923, and of Söğüt district of Bilecik Province between 1923 and 1946. It became a township and changed its name as Mihalgazi in 1927 after people of Gümele repulsed attacks of Greeks troops, who marched from Söğüt and Eskişehir during Turkish War of Independence in 1921. It became part of the Central District of Eskişehir Province in 1946 and of Sarıcakaya district in 1958. It became a municipality in 1967. It finally became a district of Eskişehir Province in 1990.

## Composition

There are 9 neighbourhoods in Mihalgazi District:
* Alpagut
* Bozaniç
* Cumhuriyet
* Demirciler
* Dokuz Mayıs
* Hürriyet
* İstiklal
* Karaoğlan
* Sakarıılıca