OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lgov, Kursk Oblast

Lgov (Russian: Льгов, IPA:) is a town in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on both sides of the Seym river (a tributary of the Desna) 80 kilometers (50 mi) west of Kursk and an equal distance from Hlukhiv, Ukraine. Population as of 2021 was 17,557.

## History

It was first mentioned in a chronicle in 1152 under the name of Olgov (a possessive adjective from an old Russian name Olg, or Oleg).
Lgov was razed to the ground by the Mongols.
In 1669, Lgov Monastery was founded on the spot of the former town, which would be closed down in 1764. The monastic sloboda was transformed into the town of Lgov in 1779.
In 1852 towards the start of his career, Turgenev wrote a chapter in A Sportsman's Sketches entitled Lgov, in which a group of men go hunting in the lake with a pretentious hunter named Vladimir, sink the boat, and then wade to shore filthy after great difficulty.
During World War II, Lgov was occupied by German troops from 27 October 1941 to 3 March 1943.
On September 18, 2022, the town was heavily damaged by a significant F2/T5 tornado. Over 200 structures were damaged or destroyed as a result of this strong wedge tornado. Many residential structures had roofs torn off, and some sustained collapse of their exterior walls, but most of these structures were poorly built homes. Numerous trees were downed, and high-voltage power lines were also damaged or destroyed.
In August 2024, at the same time as the Russian authorities declared a "Federal-level" emergency, Lgov was first mentioned in a report during the Ukrainian incursion into Kursk. By late 2024, even though Lgov remained some 20 km behind the front lines of the engagement of military forces, the town became more frequently involved in hostilities. On 31 December 2024, multiple Ukrainian Storm Shadow long-range missiles struck Lgov including a Russian command bunker and a Russian troop barracks of the 810th Naval Infantry Brigade. Initial Russian news reports were that 8 military members were killed and 22 injured and hospitalized.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Lgov served as the administrative center of Lgovsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Lgov—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Lgov is incorporated as Lgov Urban Okrug.

## Economy

Lgov Prison, a prison of the Federal Penitentiary Service, is located in Lgov.
In addition to being a fluvial city, Lgov is also a railway hub with five tracks in its station.

## Demographics

Population: 17,557 (2021 Census); 21,453 (2010 Census); 23,783 (2002 Census); 25,643 (1989 Soviet census); 26,000 (1972).

## Notable people

* Tetiana Andriienko (1938–2016), botanist, conservationist, and professor
* Nikolay Aseyev (1889—1963), poet
* Boris Bukreev (1859–1962), mathematician
* Arkady Gaidar (1904—1941), writer
* Tamara Syomina (born 1938), film actress
# 2024 Open Saint-Brieuc

The 2024 Open Saint-Brieuc was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Saint-Brieuc, France between 14 and 20 October 2024.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| FRA | Lucas Pouille | 125 | 1 |
| FRA | Grégoire Barrère | 149 | 2 |
| FRA | Titouan Droguet | 166 | 3 |
| FRA | Benjamin Bonzi | 176 | 4 |
| FRA | Valentin Royer | 182 | 5 |
| GBR | Paul Jubb | 186 | 6 |
| FRA | Matteo Martineau | 204 | 7 |
| FRA | Antoine Escoffier | 210 | 8 |
* Rankings are as of 30 September 2024.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Mathias Bourgue
* Sascha Gueymard Wayenburg
* Moïse Kouamé
The following players received entry into the singles main draw as alternates:
* Ričardas Berankis
* Clément Tabur
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Mika Brunold
* Kyle Edmund
* Jakub Paul
* Lucas Poullain
* Max Hans Rehberg
* Jiří Veselý
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
* Maxime Chazal

## Champions
### Singles

* Benjamin Bonzi def. Lucas Pouille 6–2, 6–3.

### Doubles

* Geoffrey Blancaneaux / Gabriel Debru def. Jakub Paul / Matěj Vocel 3–3, defaulted.
# Al-Buwaydah al-Sharqiyah

Al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah (Arabic: البويضة الشرقية, also spelled al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located southeast of Homs. Nearby localities include al-Qusayr and al-Dabaah to the southwest, Damina al-Sharqiya to the southeast, Shinshar to the east and Qattina to the northwest. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah had a population of 3,196 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
In the 19th-century it was reported that most of the village was built from basalt rock.

## Syrian civil war

The village was the site of the al-Buwaida al-Sharqiya massacre in May 2012, during the Syrian civil war. Opposition activists claimed 13 factory workers were killed by the government's security forces, while Syrian government sources blamed rebel forces for the killings
On 8 June 2013, the town was recaptured by the Syrian Army during the Al-Qusayr offensive.
# Shinyalu Constituency

Shinyalu Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of twelve constituencies in Kakamega County. The constituency was established for the 1988 elections having been incepted from the larger Ikolomani constituency by then.

## Members of Parliament

| Elections | MP | Party | Notes |
| 1988 | Japheth Livasia Lijoodi | KANU | One-party system. |
| 1992 | Japheth G. Shamalla | KANU | |
| 1997 | Daniel Lyula Khamasi | Ford-K | |
| 2002 | Daniel Lyula Khamasi | NARC | |
| 2007 | Charles Lugano | ODM | Lugano died in 2009. |
| 2009 | Justus Kizito | ODM | By-election. |
| 2013 | Silverse Anami Lisamula | ODM | General Elections |
| 2017 | Justus Kizito | ODM | General Election |
| 2022 | Fredrick Lusuli Ikana | ANC | General Election |

## Wards

The constituency has six wards, all electing MCAs for the Kakamega County Assembly.
Wards :
| Ward | Registered Voters |
| Isukha West | 10,181 |
| Isukha East | 9,724 |
| Isukha North | 21,965 |
| Isukha South | 16,003 |
| Murhanda | 12,994 |
| Isukha Central | 16,111 |
| Total | 76,978 |
| *September 2022. ||
# Atul Gurtu

Atul Gurtu (born 16 January 1946) is a high energy physicist in India. He joined the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai, in 1971, and retired in 2011 as a senior professor, after a career spanning four decades in particle physics research.

## Early life

Gurtu was born in Lahore in 1946. In 1947, he moved to India. He studied at Auckland House, Shimla, and later at the Lawrence School Sanawar. He attended Panjab University, Chandigarh, and thereafter joined the TIFR in 1969.

## Career

Gurtu is a particle physics researcher. He participated in numerous experimental projects in collaboration with CERN, Geneva, from 1969 to 2011, as part of high energy physics group at TIFR. From 2003 to 2011, he led a 70-member Indian team which participated in CERN experiment of first proton run at the Large Hadron Collider, known as "mini Big Bang". From 2011-12 he was Distinguished Professor at the King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Currently (from March 2018) he is Eminent Scholar at Kyung Hee University, South Korea.

## Personal life

He married Promila Bawa in 1971. In 1974, they had their first (and only) child Ashish, who was differently abled and died in 1991. His wife died in 2006. In January 2011, he married National Film Award winning actress Suhasini Mulay, whom he met on Facebook.
# Tasnin

Tasnin (Arabic: تسنين, romanized: Tāsnīn, also spelled Tasneen) is a village in middle of Syria, northern of Homs administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located 20 kilometers northwest of Homs in between the cities of al-Rastan and Talbisehto West Alaasee River . Other nearby localities include Kafr Nan and Kissin to the northwest, Gharnatah to the northeast and Akrad Dayasinah to the southwest.
According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Tasnin had a population of 2,713 in the 2004 census. half of its inhabitants are Turkmen Sunni Muslims, and the other half Alawites. Tasnin's inhabitants mostly work in agriculture and husbandry. The village has three schools and a mosque.
# Penguin Adventure

Penguin Adventure (夢大陸アドベンチャー, Yume Tairiku Adobenchā, lit. "Dream Continent Adventure") is a racing platform game released by Konami in 1986, and a sequel to 1983's Antarctic Adventure. The game marks the professional debut of game designer Hideo Kojima, who participated in the planning.
The story follows Penta, a penguin who has to bring home a golden apple in order to cure Penguette, the Penguin Princess.

## Gameplay

This title significantly expanded upon the gameplay of Antarctic Adventure by most notably adding a greater variety of stages and enemies and role-playing elements: boss fights, purchasable items, and several minigames. Items can be purchased through three different fisherman, in exchange for fish, that give Penta new abilities. One of the items that can be bought is a gun.
Level design and variety have increased from Antarctic Adventure; there are forest levels, ice levels, water-based levels, caves, and even some outer-space bonus levels. There are several shortcuts, usually hidden underneath holes (which are typically harmful hazards) in the game, that allow the player to go on almost completely different paths. The game features multiple endings, with the hidden good ending available when the player pauses the game a certain number of times. In the bad ending, the princess dies, while in the good ending, she lives.
Some publications have stated that Kojima reused the idea for multiple endings from this game in Metal Gear Solid and, to an extent, Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty, due to it often being cited as his debut game. However, Kojima himself has stated that he only participated in the project for about a month to help plan the game, pitching suggestions such as the slot machine in the shop and how to defeat the bosses. Additionally, his name does not appear in the credits either. Kojima's first game credit and directorial debut would be with Metal Gear, released for the MSX2 the next year.

## Ports

* Zemina, a South Korean video game company, made an unauthorized Master System port with the same title, credited as Kkum-Uidaelyug (Korean: 꿈의대륙, romanized: Dreamland) on the cartridge, which was published towards the end of the 1980s.
* The MSX version was re-released on several platforms during the years: first on PlayStation and Sega Saturn as part of Konami Antiques MSX Collection in 1997/1999, then on Virtual Console (first for Wii on 24 November 2009, later for Wii U on 29 January 2014) in Japan, and on PC on 11 April 2014 in Japan (as Project EGG).
* A mobile version was released on 31 May 2006 only in Japan.

## Other media

In 2006, Konami Digital Entertainment Tokyo serialized a series of digital comics based on the video game of the same name, titled Yume Tairiku Adobenchā: Penta no daibōken Korokorokokoro no Penko-hime (夢大陸アドベンチャー -ペン太の大冒険 コロコロココロのペン子姫-, lit. "Dream Continent Adventure: Penta's Adventure, Penguette's Colosse Heart").
# Alfonso Balcázar

Alfonso Balcázar Granda (2 March 1926 – 28 December 1993) was a Spanish screenwriter, film director and producer. He wrote for 46 films between 1958 and 1983. He also directed 30 films between 1960 and 1984. He was born and died in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

## Selected filmography

* Eleven Pairs of Boots (1954)
* Count Max (1957, directed by Giorgio Bianchi)
* Alfonso XII and María Cristina (1960)
* The Crossroads (1960)
* The Lovely Lola (1962)
* Spartacus and the Ten Gladiators (1964, directed by Nick Nostro)
* A Pistol for Ringo (1965, directed by Duccio Tessari)
* Agent 3S3: Passport to Hell (1965, directed by Sergio Sollima)
* Five Thousand Dollars on One Ace (1965)
* Man from Canyon City (1965)
* Doc, Hands of Steel (1965)
* Yankee (1966, directed by Tinto Brass)
* Cuatro dólares de venganza (1966)
* Clint the Stranger (1967)
* Electra One (1967)
* The Return of Clint the Stranger (1972)
* Judas... ¡toma tus monedas! (1972)
# Kim So-yeon (activist)

Kim So-yeon (Korean: 김소연; born 23 January 1970) is a labor activist in South Korea and currently on the executive committee of Creating a World Without a Temporary Worker (비정규직 없는 세상 만들기 네트워크).

## Education

* Graduated from Seoul Jeonghwa Girls' Commercial High School [ko].

## Biography

* 1987: Led the struggle for increasing accessibility to private schools in Seoul while she was attending Jeonghwa Girl's Commercial High School.
* 1997: Served as chairperson of the Eucalyptus Electronics Union.
* 2001: Sentenced to ten years in prison with two years probation for violating the National Security Act during the Seoul Democratic Labor Convention.
* 5 July 2005: Named as Korean Confederation of Trade Unions Chairperson for the newly formed Metal Union Seoul Branch, Metal Union Southern Regional Branch, and Metal Union Kiryung Electronics [ko] Branch.
* 24 August – 17 October 2005: Insisted to Kiryung Electronics that workers were illegally laid-off, withdrawing the union contract. For 55 days, part of the production line for Kiryung Electronics Factory was occupied for 16 members of the company via an all-night vigil.
* 17 October 2005: Detained on suspicion of interrupting business.
* 24 August – 22 September 2006: Kiryung Electronics underwent a 30-day Hunger strike, demanding the return of illegally laid-off workers.
* 11 June – 12 September 2008: Kiryung Electronics underwent a 94-day hunger strike, demanding the return of illegally laid-off workers.
* August 2010: Kiryung Electronics requires regulation of illegally laid-off workers, embracing a high concentration of foreigners.
* 1 November 2010: After a negotiation period of 1,895 days, Kiryung Electronics finally reaches a new full-time employment agreement with the KCTU.
* June - November 2011: Worked on the Hope Bus Planning Team of the 2010-11 Hanjin Heavy Industries strike.
* 2012: First served as a network executive for Creating a World Without a Temporary Worker (비정규직 없는 세상 만들기 네트워크).
* 11 November 2012: Elected as the presidential candidate for workers by the election headquarters of Creating a World Without a Temporary Worker. Also ran as an independent for the 2012 South Korean Presidential Election, along with Park Jong-sun, Kang Ji-won, and Kim Soon-ja.
* 15 December 2012: After completing a campaign stop at Gwanghwamun Plaza in Seoul, Kim and 300 supporters clashed with police while marching towards the Blue House.
* 19 December 2012: Finished in 5th place in the 18th Presidential Election of South Korea.
# Mohamed Esnany

Mohammad Ali Jum'aa Esnaani (Arabic: محمد على جمعة الصنانى) (born May 13, 1984) is a Libyan football midfielder. He currently plays for Tunisian club CA Bizertin.
Esnany is also a member of the Libya national football team, and was part of the Libyan Olympic squad that won the silver medal in the 2005 Mediterranean Games.
# Chemistry (Smash)

"Chemistry" is the sixth episode of the American television series, Smash. The episode aired on March 12, 2012.

## Plot

Ivy (Megan Hilty) comes down with laryngitis, Julia (Debra Messing) keeps bumping into Michael (guest star Will Chase), Eileen (Anjelica Huston) and Ellis (Jamie Cepero) talk at a bar, Karen (Katharine McPhee) performs for a bar mitzvah.

## Production

Recurring guest stars include Will Chase as actor Michael Swift.
One of the cover songs already announced is "Shake It Out" by Florence + the Machine performed by Katharine McPhee. Additionally, "History is Made at Night" performed by Megan Hilty, Chase and the cast of Marilyn will make a reappearance in this episode, having first been heard in the episode "The Cost of Art", and Hilty's solo version of "Let Me Be Your Star" first heard in the pilot will be heard in the episode. Also, Hilty's version of Jessie J's "Who You Are" was also in the episode. Only "History is Made at Night" was made available as a single on iTunes.
# Stine Dimun

Stine Kjær Dimun (formerly Stine Kjær Jensen; born 15 October 1979) is a Danish former football midfielder. She played for Brøndby IF and the Danish national team.
Dimun made a total of 127 appearances for Brøndby between 2003 and 2007.
# Revolutionary defeatism

Revolutionary defeatism is a concept made most prominent by Vladimir Lenin in World War I. It is based on the Marxist idea of class struggle. Arguing that the proletariat could not win or gain when fighting a war under capitalism, Lenin declared its true enemy is the imperialist leaders who sent their lower classes into battle. Workers would gain more from their own nations' defeats, he argued, if the war could be turned into civil war and then international revolution.
Initially rejected by all but the more radical at the socialist Zimmerwald Conference in 1915, the concept appears to have gained support from more and more socialists, especially in Russia in 1917 after it was forcefully reaffirmed in Lenin's "April Theses" as Russia's war losses continued, even after the February Revolution as the Provisional Government kept them in the conflict. Revolutionary defeatism was also a policy of the International Communist Party under Amadeo Bordiga, which saw World War II as a reactionary war between two opposing empires, in contrast to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Chinese Communist Party who were then allied with Great Britain and the United States in a continuation of Dmitrov's Comintern Popular Front anti-fascist politics, which treated the war as a progressive fight for freedom and liberation from the Nazi regime. During World War I in the United Kingdom, the British socialist movement included a small minority of revolutionary defeatists such as John Maclean.
Using Lenin's terminology, revolutionary defeatism can be contrasted to revolutionary defencism and to social patriotism or social chauvinism.
# Bertie Marshall (cricketer)

Bertie Marshall (5 May 1902 – 5 February 1991) was an English cricketer active from 1923 to 1929, making four appearances in first-class cricket for Nottinghamshire. Born at Sutton-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, Marshall was a right-handed batsman and right-arm fast bowler.
Marshall made his first-class debut for Nottinghamshire against Derbyshire at Trent Bridge in the 1923 County Championship. He made two further appearances in the 1924 County Championship against Worcestershire and Glamorgan, before playing his fourth match some five years later in the 1929 County Championship against Middlesex. He scored a total of 61 runs in his four matches, top-scoring with 36. With the ball he took 5 wickets at an expensive average of 40.60, with best figures of 2/39. Ten years later he played four matches for Staffordshire in the 1939 Minor Counties Championship.
He died at Durham, County Durham on 5 February 1991.
# Manerplaw

Manerplaw (S'gaw Karen: မၤနၢၤပျီ; Burmese: မာနယ်ပလော) was a village in Kayin State, Myanmar (Burma), on the Moei River. It was the proposed capital of an independent state governed by the Karen people, known locally as Kawthoolei. Manerplaw was established in 1975 and had a population of around 3,000 in 1992 until its evacuation following military offensives by the government.
The headquarters of several opposition groups were located in Manerplaw, including those of the Karen National Union (KNU), the All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF), the Democratic Party for a New Society (DPNS), and the National Democratic Front (NDF). The National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma (NCGUB) was established in Manerplaw in December 1990.
Manerplaw was captured and occupied by Tatmadaw and Democratic Karen Buddhist Army (DKBA) troops on 27 January 1995 and later abandoned.
On December 17th 2024, Karen National Union ,Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA), and allied forces recaptured Manerplaw from the State Administration Council (SAC) Tatmadaw.
# Podolepis hieracioides

Podolepis hieracioides commonly known as long podolepis, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae and grows in New South Wales and Victoria. It is a small perennial with yellow flowers.

## Description

Podolepis hieracioides is an upright, glabrous or woolly, bristly, sparingly branched perennial to 70 cm (28 in) high with a single or several stems. The basal leaves are lance or elliptic-shaped, up to 16 cm (6.3 in) long, stem-clasping, sessile and pointed at the apex. The leaves higher on the stems are narrowly lance-shaped to linear and up to 13 cm (5.1 in) long, rough to smooth, margins flat to rolled under, basal leaves elliptic The flower heads are borne in groupings of 2–6 in a scant elongated cyme, 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in) in diameter and 15 mm (0.59 in) long. The bracts are oval-shaped, smooth, middle bracts with thick glandular claws, 8.5 mm (0.33 in) long, slightly covered by adjoining bracts and the 15-30 florets pale yellow. Flowering occurs from December to April and the fruit is dry, one-seeded, bristly and 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long.

## Taxonomy

Podolepis hieracioides was first formally described in 1859 by Ferdinand von Mueller and the description was published in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae.

## Distribution and habitat

Long podolepis grows in soils at lower altitudes or in shallow soils on hills mostly south of the Blue Mountains in New South Wales. In eastern Victoria it grows in subalpine and montane locations in grassland, woodlands and forests.
# Dłutów

Dłutów is a village in Pabianice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dłutów. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Pabianice and 26 km (16 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
# Ewelinów, Łódź Voivodeship

Ewelinów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Poddębice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Poddębice and 44 km (27 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Stanley Saville

Stanley Herbert Saville (21 November 1889 – 22 February 1966) was an English first-class cricketer active 1910–31 who played for Middlesex and Cambridge University. The elder brother of Clifford Saville, he was born in Tottenham; died in Eastbourne.
# Felicjanów, Poddębice County

Felicjanów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Uniejów, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Uniejów, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Poddębice, and 50 km (31 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Henry Roberts (cricketer)

Henry Edmund Roberts (8 February 1888 – 28 June 1963) was an English first-class cricketer. Roberts was a fast bowler for Sussex, debuting in 1911. He ended his career 14 years later and in 1927 became coach of the Sandhurst Royal Military Academy.
# Feliksów, Radomsko County

Feliksów (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kodrąb, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Kodrąb, 15 km (9 mi) east of Radomsko, and 80 km (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
# Kenneth Raynor

Kenneth Raynor (23 May 1886 – 15 April 1973) was an English cricketer active from 1906 to 1923 who played for Leicestershire. He was born at Wellington College, Berkshire, and died in Greendale, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). He appeared in seven first-class matches as a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break and googly. He scored 125 runs with a highest score of 31 and took one wicket with a best performance of one for 12.