OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kriengsak Chareonwongsak

Kriengsak Chareonwongsak is a Thai scholar and politician. He established the first futures studies research institute in Southeast Asia, was a member of Thailand's House of Representatives, was on the executive board of the Democrat Party, and has published on scholarly and popular topics.

## Early life and education

Chareonwongsak was born in Bangkok. After finishing high school at the New Berlin High School in Wisconsin on a one-year American Field Service (AFS) scholarship, he received bachelor's and PhD degrees in economics from Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. He received a Master of Public Administration degree from the Harvard Kennedy School, a master's degree from Cambridge Judge Business School, and completed postdoctoral studies at the University of Oxford.

## Institute of Future Studies for Development

Chareonwongsak founded the Institute of Future Studies for Development (IFD), a non-profit Thai academic research organization, in 1994. The IFD emphasizes sustainable solutions for future problems in Thai society, and has worked for changes in Thailand's banking, finance, governance, and education. It focuses on research activities and organizes and hosts seminars, academic conferences, and forums for Thai intellectuals and policy-makers, publishing its findings in newspapers, magazines, and academic journals.

## Writing

Chareonwongsak writes on education policy, business, politics and governance, policy formation, organization restructuring, theories of change, environment, future studies, and social enterprise. He has published a number of books, presented over 500 academic papers, and has written 5,000 newspaper and magazine articles. Chareonwongsak is a radio and TV commentator and a newspaper and magazine columnist on political and economic issues.

## Academic career

Chareonwongsak is a member of the Education Council on Standard and Quality Assurance of the Office of the National Education Commission, and was elected to the Harvard Kennedy School Alumni Association board of directors. He is a research professor at Regent University and a member of the business-administration advisory board of the University of the People.

## Political career

Chareonwongsak was a member of the National Economic and Social Advisory Council (NESAC) as Chair of the Education, Religion, Arts and Culture Commission and Vice Chair of the Economic, Commerce and Industry Commission. A member of the Democrat Party, he was elected to the National Assembly in 2004 and served until the assembly's 2006 dissolution after the 2006 coup.
Chareonwongsak ran as a party-list member in the elections for the Democrat Party in 2005, and resigned from the party two years later. In 2008, he ran as an independent candidate in the 2008 Bangkok gubernatorial election and finished fourth.
# Maula Prison

Maula Prison is a maximum-security prison located in Lilongwe, Malawi.

## History
### Formation

Maula Prison was established in 1971, during the presidency of Hastings Kamuzu Banda. It was built to replace the old Lilongwe Prison, which was deemed too small and inadequate. The prison was designed to hold 500 prisoners, but it has often been overcrowded, holding up to 1,500 inmates.

## Facilities

Maula Prison has several facilities, including:
* Cell blocks for male and female prisoners
* Solitary confinement cells
* A hospital ward
* A chapel
* A workshop for prisoners to learn skills such as carpentry and tailoring
* A farm where prisoners can work and grow food

## Notable inmates

Some notable inmates who have been held at Maula Prison include:
* Orton Chirwa, a politician and lawyer who was imprisoned for his opposition to Banda's government
* Gwanda Chakuamba, a politician and opposition leader who was imprisoned for his political activities
* John Tembo, a politician who was imprisoned for his alleged involvement in a plot to overthrow the government

## Challenges

Maula Prison has faced numerous challenges, including overcrowding, poor sanitation, and inadequate food and medical care for prisoners. In 2013, a riot broke out at the prison, resulting in the death of several prisoners and injuries to many others.
# EToll

eToll is an electronic toll collection system used in the Republic of Ireland. Run by the National Roads Authority, it is a interoperability system allowing cashless payment on all of Ireland's toll roads via an RFID tag attached to the windscreen of a participating vehicle.

## History

Prior to its introduction in 2008, some operators had their own incompatible schemes specific to their own road sections. Since introduction however, all 5 toll road operators issue interoperable eToll tags. Additionally, two private firms (who do not operate any toll roads) also issue and operate eToll tagging systems - of which one is subcontracted to provide branded tags for one operator, as well as their own.

## Technology

The system operates using in-car 5.8 GHz RFID transponders, generally manufactured by Kapsch or CS Route.

## Operations

The eToll platform is operated by Egis Projects, a French company with toll operations in 15 different countries.
Where applicable, fees are charged to tag users at the same rate as cash prices for the same class of vehicle, and purchase/rent administrative fees for tags vary by tag issuer. Some tags also operate for other services, such as car parks, but this also varies by issuer.
Since the M50 motorway moved to "barrier free" (cash-less) tolling, eToll tagging has represented one of two options to pay the West-Link toll (the other system being video registration or post-pay services). In 2007, the NRA awarded French consortium BetEire Flow the contract to construct and operate the barrier-free tolling system at the West-Link bridge, and the eFlow system was introduced on 30 August 2008. The BetEire Flow consortium comprises the French toll operator Sanef and CS, a French systems designer, supplier and integrator. eFlow uses overhead cameras and detectors to record motorists' electronic tags or vehicle number plates. The technology involves two sets of gantries over the motorway. The first gantry detects the vehicle, and the second has antennae and cameras to read the tags and number plates.
# Mou Chung-yuan

Mou Chung-yuan (Chinese: 牟中原; pinyin: Móu Zhōngyuán) is a Taiwanese chemist. He was the Deputy Minister of the National Science Council (NSC) of the Executive Yuan in May 2012 until March 2014.

## Career

Mou earned a bachelor's degree from National Taiwan University in 1970 and pursued graduate study in the United States, completing his Ph.D. in chemistry at Washington University in St. Louis in 1975. Before assuming his role at the National Science Council, Mou was a professor of chemistry at the National Taiwan University. He was elected a member of The World Academy of Sciences in 2013, and the Academia Sinica in 2016.
# Raad-1

Raad-1 ('Thunder-1') is an Iranian self-propelled howitzer.

## History

In May 1996, Iran claimed to have successfully tested its first locally made self-propelled howitzer, the 122 mm Raad-1 ("Thunder-1").
The Raad-1 did not enter production. Analysts think most likely it was just a prototype used to develop the Raad-2.

## Description

It is armed with 122 mm 2A18 howitzer from 2S1 Gvozdika self-propelled howitzer or a modification of one with an effective firing range of 15,200 meters. The turret is also from the 2S1 Gvozdika. It uses the Iranian-made Boragh APC chassis, a conversion of either the Russian BMP-1 or Chinese Type 86 (WZ-501) IFV. The engine is believed to be the 12.8 l German BF8L diesel engine, but this is not known for sure.
# Halbury railway station

Halbury railway station was located on the Hamley Bridge-Gladstone railway line. It served the town of Halbury, South Australia.

## History

Halbury opened in 1870 on the isolated horse-drawn tramway built to deliver grain from the plains east of Port Wakefield in the areas of Balaklava, Halbury and Hoyle's Plains (now Hoyleton). The line from Hoyleton to Balaklava eventually became a part of the Hamley Bridge-Gladstone railway line when that line was extended to Gladstone on 2 July 1894. On 1 August 1927, the line gauge converted to 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm). The station was named after the cadastral unit the town was in Hundred of Hall.
In 1978, the station and all associated infrastructure were included in the transfer of South Australian Railways to Australian National. Halbury closed to all goods and parcels traffic traffic on 12 July 1981 but remained open to pick up or set down passengers. The station closed to regular passengers on 6 November 1982. The line through Halbury closed on 29 March 1989 and the track was dismantled by 1992; there is no longer any trace of the station.
In 2012, a rail trail was developed from Balaklava to Halbury called the Shamus Liptrot cycling trail following the course of the old railway line. It was built in memory of a local elite cyclist Shamus Liptrot who died in 2011, several years after suffering injuries in a cycling accident.
# Battle of Pelekanon

The Battle of Pelekanon, also known by its Latinised form Battle of Pelecanum, occurred on June 10–11, 1329 between an expeditionary force by the Byzantines led by Andronikos IIl and an Ottoman army led by Orhan I. The Byzantine army was defeated, with no further attempt made at relieving the cities in Anatolia under Ottoman siege.

## Background

By the accession of Andronikos in 1328, the Imperial territories in Anatolia had dramatically shrunk from almost all of the west of modern Turkey forty years earlier to a few scattered outposts along the Aegean Sea and a small core province around Nicomedia within about 150 km of the capital city Constantinople. Recently the Turks, under their energetic leader Osman I, had captured the important city of Prusa (Bursa) in Bithynia. Andronikos decided to relieve the important besieged cities of Nicomedia and Nicaea, and hoped to restore the frontier to a stable position.

## Clash and outcome

Together with the Grand Domestic John Cantacuzene, Andronikos led an army of about 4,000 men, which was the greatest he could muster. They marched along the Sea of Marmara towards Nicomedia. At Pelekanon, a Turkish army led by Orhan I had encamped on the hills to gain a strategic advantage and blocked the road to Nicomedia. On 10 June, Orhan sent 300 cavalry archers downhill to lure the Byzantines unto the hills, but these were driven off by the Byzantines, who were unwilling to advance further. The belligerent armies engaged in indecisive clashes until nightfall. The Byzantine army prepared to retreat, but the Turks gave them no chance. Both Andronikos and Cantacuzene were lightly wounded, while rumors spread that the Emperor had either been killed or mortally wounded, resulting in panic. Eventually the retreat turned into a rout with heavy casualties on the Byzantine side. Cantacuzene led the remaining Byzantine soldiers back to Constantinople by sea.

## Consequences

The Battle of Pelekanon was the first engagement in which a Byzantine emperor encountered an Ottoman Bey. The battle's effect on morale was more important than the battle itself as the heavily armed and disciplined Byzantines had fled before the lightly armed and irregular Turks. A campaign of restoration was aborted. Never again did a Byzantine army attempt to regain territory in Asia. The former imperial capitals of Nicomedia and Nicaea were not relieved and the maintenance of Imperial control across the Bosphorus was no longer tenable. The Ottomans conquered Nicaea in 1331 and Nicomedia in 1337, thus building up a strong base from which they eventually swept away the Byzantine Empire as a whole. The inhabitants of Nicaea and Nicomedia were quickly incorporated into the growing Ottoman nation, and many of them had already embraced Islam by 1340. With the capture of these cities and the annexation of the Beylik of Karasi in 1336, the Ottomans had completed their conquest of Bithynia and the north-western corner of Anatolia.
# Felicity

Felicity may refer to:

## Places

* Felicity, California, United States, an unincorporated community
* Felicity, Ohio, United States, a village
* Felicity, Trinidad and Tobago, a community in Chaguanas

## Entertainment

* Felicity (TV series), an American drama
* Felicity (film), a 1978 Australian sexploitation film
* Felicity: An American Girl Adventure, a 2005 TV movie

## Other uses

* Happiness, a synonym for felicity
* Felicity (given name), a list of people and fictional characters
* Felicity (pragmatics), a term used in formal semantics and pragmatics
* Felicity Party, an Islamist Turkish political party founded in 2001
* Felicity Plantation, a historic sugar plantation in Louisiana, United States
* HMS Felicity (J369), a Royal Navy Second World War minesweeper
* Felicity, an 18th-century British privateer which captured HMS Experiment
* Felicity, the main character of the animated series Rainbow Butterfly Unicorn Kitty.
# Cannes Pro Championships

The Cannes Pro Championships was a men's professional clay court tennis tournament founded in 1922. The first event was staged only three times till 1926. Also known as the Cannes Professional Championships in 1962 it was revived and ran annually until 1968. The event was part of the European leg of the Pro Tennis Tour. The equivalent amateur event between 1922 and 1967 was called the Cannes Championships.
# Syd Leigh

Alfred Sydney Leigh (August 1893 – after 1958) was an English professional footballer who played in The Football League for Derby County and Bristol Rovers.

## Career

His first club was Osmaston, who played near his home town of Shardlow in Derbyshire, and from there he joined Derby County. He played twice for The Rams during the 1919–20 season, before moving to play for Bristol Rovers in their first two seasons in the Football League. He was the first player to score four goals in a League game for the Bristol side, and scored a total of 36 goals from 70 games for them. In spite of this impressive goal return he was unable to find another Football League club to play for when he returned home to Derbyshire in 1922 due to being unable to settle in the West Country.
# Diving at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's 3 metre springboard

The women's 3 metre springboard diving competition at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha was held on 13 December at the Hamad Aquatic Centre.

## Schedule

All times are Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Wednesday, 13 December 2006 | 10:00 | Preliminary |
| Wednesday, 13 December 2006 | 18:00 | Final |

## Results
### Preliminary

| Rank | Athlete | Dive | Dive | Dive | Dive | Dive | Total |
| Rank | Athlete | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Total |
| 1 | Wu Minxia (CHN) | 75.00 | 75.40 | 75.95 | 76.50 | 78.00 | 380.85 |
| 2 | He Zi (CHN) | 73.50 | 74.40 | 70.50 | 72.00 | 67.50 | 357.90 |
| 3 | Leong Mun Yee (MAS) | 57.60 | 63.00 | 61.60 | 60.00 | 61.50 | 303.70 |
| 4 | Ryoko Nishii (JPN) | 57.60 | 54.00 | 67.50 | 45.00 | 64.50 | 288.60 |
| 5 | Lu Hsin (TPE) | 56.70 | 60.20 | 60.20 | 38.40 | 61.50 | 277.00 |
| 6 | Elizabeth Jimie (MAS) | 52.80 | 45.00 | 61.50 | 67.20 | 48.00 | 274.50 |
| 7 | Lu En-tien (TPE) | 52.80 | 44.55 | 50.40 | 60.20 | 37.50 | 245.45 |
| 8 | Ceseil Domenios (PHI) | 49.20 | 54.60 | 37.80 | 52.65 | 45.60 | 239.85 |
| 9 | Choi Sut Ian (MAC) | 43.20 | 49.20 | 44.55 | 51.80 | 51.00 | 239.75 |
| 10 | Misako Yamashita (JPN) | 57.60 | 63.00 | 16.50 | 54.00 | 48.00 | 239.10 |
| 11 | Sukrutai Tommaoros (THA) | 49.20 | 59.40 | 46.20 | 40.60 | 42.00 | 237.40 |
| 12 | Nguyễn Hoài Anh (VIE) | 48.00 | 36.45 | 46.00 | 42.00 | 44.10 | 216.55 |
| 13 | Lei Sio I (MAC) | 44.40 | 43.20 | 51.00 | 31.50 | 37.05 | 207.15 |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Dive | Dive | Dive | Dive | Dive | Total |
| Rank | Athlete | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Total |
| | Wu Minxia (CHN) | 75.00 | 75.40 | 75.95 | 78.00 | 67.50 | 371.85 |
| | He Zi (CHN) | 73.50 | 74.40 | 72.00 | 75.00 | 72.00 | 366.90 |
| | Leong Mun Yee (MAS) | 57.60 | 64.50 | 67.20 | 49.50 | 69.00 | 307.80 |
| 4 | Ryoko Nishii (JPN) | 57.60 | 67.50 | 61.50 | 37.50 | 63.00 | 287.10 |
| 5 | Misako Yamashita (JPN) | 54.00 | 64.50 | 37.50 | 64.50 | 45.00 | 265.60 |
| 6 | Lu Hsin (TPE) | 52.65 | 57.40 | 33.60 | 52.80 | 58.50 | 254.95 |
| 7 | Elizabeth Jimie (MAS) | 51.60 | 49.50 | 34.50 | 67.20 | 50.40 | 253.20 |
| 8 | Lu En-tien (TPE) | 51.60 | 47.25 | 50.40 | 63.00 | 37.50 | 249.75 |
| 9 | Choi Sut Ian (MAC) | 39.60 | 49.20 | 41.85 | 58.80 | 55.50 | 244.95 |
| 10 | Ceseil Domenios (PHI) | 44.40 | 43.40 | 46.20 | 54.00 | 45.60 | 233.60 |
| 11 | Nguyễn Hoài Anh (VIE) | 45.60 | 48.60 | 30.00 | 39.20 | 45.15 | 208.55 |
| 12 | Sukrutai Tommaoros (THA) | 48.00 | 55.35 | 40.60 | 23.80 | 34.80 | 202.55 |
# Lobo Theater

The Historic Lobo Theater is a movie theater, concert venue, and cocktail lounge located along historic Route 66, at 3013 Central Avenue NE in Albuquerque, New Mexico in the United States of America.
The Lobo Theater first opened on August 19, 1938. By the early-1940’s it was operated by Paramount Pictures Inc. through their subsidiary Hoblitzelle & O'Donnell. The name Lobo ("Wolf" in Spanish) references the nickname for the sports teams, and students, at the University of New Mexico, which is nearly adjacent to the west. The theater reached out to area students and was a premiere venue for independent, classic and cult films. It also hosted concerts with local bands.
It was the primary setting for the 2002 independent film Collecting Rooftops, which started being filmed while the theater was under Bobby (Robert) McMullan's operation and finished its filming, in the theater, by the generosity of Amon Re (musician).
The Historic Lobo Theater reopened in late 2021 as the Lobo Lounge and Event Venue. (Website https://loboabq.com/)
# Liocanthydrus armulatus

Liocanthydrus armulatus is a species of water beetle in the family Noteridae. It is only known from the state of Bolívar, Venezuela.
Liocanthydrus armulatus measure 3.1–3.15 mm (0.122–0.124 in) in total length. The type series was collected from a stream margin.
# Mera Rakshak

Mera Rakshak (transl. My protector) is a 1978 Indian Hindi-language film directed by R. Thyagarajan. Mithun Chakraborty, Rameshwari, Rakesh Pandey and Gayatri play key roles in this film along with a goat who acts as the "Rakshak" (bodyguard) in the film. It was made by C. Dandhayutpani, who firstly gave Haathi Mere Saathi to Rajesh Khanna and Tanuja, followed by Jaanwar Aur Insaan to Shashi Kapoor and Rakhee Gulzar, Do Aur Do Paanch to Shashi Kapoor, Amitabh Bachchan, Hema Malini and Parveen Babi and Shubh Din to a newcomer, Rajesh Lahar. The film was a remake of the Tamil movie Aattukara Alamelu.

## Cast

* Mithun Chakraborty as Vijay Rai
* Rameshwari as Bijli
* Abhi Bhattacharya as Bansi Kaka
* Shreeram Lagoo as Avinash Rai
* Gayatri (actress) as Radha Rai
* Rakesh Pandey (actor) as Mangal
* Jayamalini as Kamini
* Ram Govind as Lawyer
* Bakra as Ramu (Animal)

## Music

Lyricist and music director: Ravindra Jain
| # | Song | Singer |
| 1 | "Behti Huyi Dhaara" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| 2 | "Sabko Chhutti Mili" | Lata Mangeshkar, K. J. Yesudas |
| 3 | "Tere Hothon Ke Pyaale" | Lata Mangeshkar, K. J. Yesudas |
| 4 | "Kya Hua Tujhe Kya Hua" | Asha Bhosle |
# George Knew Sr

George Frank Knew (13 October 1920 – 17 February 1995) was an English cricketer. Knew was a right-handed batsman, though his bowling style is unknown. He was born at Wigston, Leicestershire.
Knew made his first-class cricket debut for Leicestershire against Oxford University in 1939. He made four further first-class appearances in the 1939 season, the last of which came against Sussex. In his five first-class matches, he scored 78 runs at an average of 9.75, with a high score of 42. He bowled 200 balls in first-class cricket, taking the wicket of Sussex batsman James Langridge.
His son, George Knew junior, also played first-class cricket for Leicestershire. Knew died at Leicester on 17 February 1995.
# Fidanacogene elaparvovec

Fidanacogene elaparvovec, sold under the brand name Beqvez among others, is a gene therapy delivered via adeno-associated virus used for the treatment of hemophilia B (congenital Factor IX deficiency).
Fidanacogene elaparvovec was approved for medical use in Canada in December 2023, in the United States in April 2024, and in the European Union in July 2024.

## Medical uses

In the US, fidanacogene elaparvovec is indicated for the treatment of adults with moderate to severe hemophilia B (congenital factor IX deficiency) who currently use factor IX prophylaxis therapy; or have current or historical life-threatening hemorrhage; or have repeated, serious spontaneous bleeding episodes; and do not have neutralizing antibodies to adeno-associated virus serotype Rh74var (AAVRh74var) capsid as detected by an FDA-approved test. It is given as a one-time infusion.

## Society and culture
### Legal status

Fidanacogene elaparvovec was approved for medical use in Canada in December 2023, in the United States in April 2024, and in the European Union in July 2024. The FDA granted the application breakthrough therapy designation.
In May 2024, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a conditional marketing authorization for the medicinal product Durveqtix, intended for the treatment of severe and moderately severe hemophilia B. The applicant for this medicinal product is Pfizer Europe MA EEIG. The conditional marketing authorization was granted in July 2024.

### Economics

Pfizer announced a cost of 3.5 million per treatment, the same cost as the CSL Behring's competing hemophilia gene therapy etranacogene dezaparvovec.

## Research

Fidanacogene elaparvovec partially restored factor IX production in preliminary studies. The results of a phase 3 trial were published in September 2024. It showed that even 15 months after treatment factor IX was still being expressed and the number of bleedings had decreased significantly compared to the time before the treatment, when study participants had been given prophylactic infusions of factor IX.