OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dan George (rugby union)

Dan George (born 10 August 1986) is a Welsh rugby union player. After beginning his career in the back row, he moved to hooker where he represented Wales at under-16, under-18, under-19 and under-21 levels. He played for Llanelli RFC and the Scarlets before joining London Welsh in 2008.
On 28 June 2013, following London Welsh's relegation to the RFU Championship, George left the club to join Gloucester Rugby in the Premiership on a one-year deal for the 2013–14 season. On 29 April 2014, George joined local rivals Worcester Warriors in the RFU Championship for the 2014–15 season.
After two years at Worcester, George left to seek work in London and played for Blackheath. Christmas of 2017 saw a move back to the professional game with Bedford Blues, after six months a move to London Scottish developed as a player-coach overseeing the forwards.
# Lewis Rawlins

Lewis Rawlins (born 13 April 1990) is a Welsh rugby union player who plays for the Scarlets as a second row or a flanker.
Rawlins made his debut for the Scarlets in 2012 having previously played for their academy, Caerphilly RFC, Cross Keys RFC and Llanelli RFC. He was part of the squad that won the Pro 12 in the 2016–2017 season.
# Steven Shingler

Steven Shingler (born 20 June 1991) is a professional rugby union player for Ealing Trailfinders in the RFU Championship. His favoured position is Fly-half but he also plays centre and full-back. His older brother Aaron Shingler is a Wales international rugby union player.

## Club career

Shingler played youth rugby for Hendy RFC. He also played for Scarlets U18 from 2009 to 2011 and has represented Wales Under-20s at fly-half
Shingler made his competitive debut for Llanelli RFC in 2009 against Cross Keys. He played for the Scarlets in four games, two of which were pre-season fixtures against Gloucester and Worcester. He also played for the Scarlets in their LV=Cup games, against Leeds and London Irish, scoring 20 points against the Exiles.
Llanelli director of rugby Anthony Buchanan described Shingler as a kicker of "international standard".
Shingler signed for London Irish on a two-year deal, starting in 2011–2012 season.
In January 2013 it was confirmed Steven Shingler would rejoin the Scarlets for the 2013–14 season
In March 2016 it was confirmed Shingler would head east of Llanelli to join rivals Cardiff Blues for the 2016–17 season, doing a straight swap with Rhys Patchell
On 8 March 2019, Shingler was granted early release from Cardiff Blues to sign a short-term deal with Pro D2 outfit Mont-de-Marsan in France.
On 29 March 2019, it was announced that Shingler would return to England, signing a contract with the Ealing Trailfinders in the RFU Championship for the 2019–20 season. Shingler was named as the club captain for the 2022–23 RFU Championship season.

## International career

Steven Shingler was born in Swansea, Wales and represented Wales Under-20's on fourteen occasions. On 17 November 2011 he stated his commitment to break into the Wales senior squad.
On 5 January 2012, Shingler was named in the provisional Scotland squad for the 2012 Six Nations, based on the fact that his mother was born in Dumfries, Scotland. However, due to his appearances for Wales u-20, the WRU contested this call up, stating that Wales had officially declared their u-20 squad as their second XV at the time, which they understood made Shingler ineligible to represent any country other than Wales under the 'capture' rules. The Scottish Rugby Union defended their selection, saying that Shingler had refused to sign a document tying himself to Wales and believed he was eligible to play internationally for Scotland. However the WRU challenged this position, and the IRB ruled that Shingler was only eligible to play for Wales, and not Scotland. In May 2012 an IRB appeal hearing confirmed the earlier ruling that Shingler can only represent Wales.
In May 2013 he was selected in the Wales national rugby union team 32-man training squad for the summer 2013 tour to Japan. He was also selected for the full national squad tour to South Africa in June 2014.

## Coaching career

In 2019, Shingler began coaching with London Welsh, working as the backs coach while still playing for Ealing.
# Ceiron Thomas

Ceiron Thomas (born 23 October 1983) is a Welsh former rugby union footballer who played for the Scarlets, Leeds Carnegie, Cornish Pirates, and St Ives RFC. His regular position was at fly-half, though he often played at fullback.
Thomas began his rugby career with the Llanelli-based Scarlets, and made his debut for the region in 2003 when he played in a friendly against the Slovenia national team. Llanelli won the game 95–0, scoring 14 tries, with Thomas converting eleven of them. He also scored one penalty, bringing his points total for the game to 25. In the 2003–04 season, Thomas made five appearances for Llanelli, including three in the 2003-04 Celtic League.
However, Thomas did not play for the regional side again until April 2005, almost 18 months after his last appearance. He made three more appearances in the 2004–05 season, before falling out of favour and not making another appearance until April 2006. Again, he only made two more appearances in the 2005–06 season but managed to hold down a place in the side for the 2006–07 Magners League, sharing duties at fullback with Barry Davies and Morgan Stoddart. He made 25 appearances that season, and scored 110 points.
Thomas began the 2007–08 Magners League as the Scarlets' starting fly-half, while regular number 10 Stephen Jones was on Wales duty at the 2007 Rugby World Cup in France, but lost the berth to rival fly-half Rhys Priestland before Jones' return. In the 2008–09 Magners League, Thomas spent much of his time on the bench, playing second-fiddle to Jones and Priestland at fly-half, and the majority of his playing time was spent in other positions, including two starts on the wing in December 2008. Thomas only made six appearances for the Scarlets in 2009, resulting in a transfer to Leeds Carnegie in June 2009.
# Solutional cave

A solutional cave, solution cave, or karst cave is a cave usually formed in a soluble rock like limestone (Calcium carbonate CaCO$_3$). It is the most frequently occurring type of cave. It can also form in other rocks, including chalk, dolomite, marble, salt beds, and gypsum.

## Process

Bedrock is dissolved by carbonic acid in rainwater, groundwater, or humic acids from decaying vegetation, that seeps through bedding planes, faults, joints, and the like. Over time, the surface terrain breaks up into clints separated by grikes and punctuated by sinkholes into which streams may disappear, crevices expand as the walls are dissolved to become caves or cave system. These may turn into large caverns or dolines when the roof collapses.
The portions of a solutional cave that are below the water table or the local level of the groundwater are flooded.

## Limestone caves

The largest and most abundant solutional caves are located in limestone. Limestone caves are often adorned with calcium carbonate formations produced through slow precipitation. These include flowstones, stalactites, stalagmites, helictites, soda straws, calcite rafts, and columns. These secondary mineral deposits in caves are called "speleothems".

### Carbonic acid dissolution

Limestone dissolves under the action of rainwater and groundwater charged with H$_2$CO$_3$ (carbonic acid) and naturally occurring organic acids. The dissolution process produces a distinctive landform known as "karst", characterized by sinkholes and underground drainage. Solutional caves in this landform—topography are often called karst caves.

### Sulfuric acid dissolution

Lechuguilla Cave in New Mexico and nearby Carlsbad Caverns are now believed to be examples of another type of solutional cave. They were formed by H$_2$S (hydrogen sulfide) gas rising from below, where reservoirs of petroleum give off sulfurous fumes. This gas mixes with ground water and forms H$_2$SO$_4$ (sulfuric acid). The acid then dissolves the limestone from below, rather than from above, by acidic water percolating to the surface.

## Examples
### Australia

* Jenolan Caves, New South Wales

### Malaysia

* List of caves in Malaysia

### Taiwan

* Black Dwarf Cave, Pingtung County

### United States

* Jewel Cave National Monument, South Dakota
* Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky
* Russell Cave National Monument, Alabama
* Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota
* Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve, Oregon
* Cumberland Caverns, Tennessee

### Vietnam

* Hang Sơn Đoòng, Quảng Bình Province

### Germany

* König-Otto-Tropfsteinhöhle
# Pasieka, Łódź Voivodeship

Pasieka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żychlin, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) west of Żychlin, 16 km (10 mi) east of Kutno, and 52 km (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
# 2006 Russia–Georgia energy crisis

The 2006 Russia–Georgia energy crisis describes an international incident triggered by two explosions on the Mozdok–Tbilisi natural gas pipeline in North Ossetia on January 22, 2006. The explosions suspended gas supply to Georgia at a time when the weather was particularly cold, leading to allegations of deliberate energy blackmail carried out by the Russian government.

## Background

The explosions took place with the backdrop of the 2006 Russia-Ukraine gas crisis that same month. They also coincided with sabotage on electricity lines just several miles from the pipeline, which descended large parts of Georgia into darkness. Due to these suspicious coincidences, Georgia accused Russia of conducting deliberate acts of sabotage with the aim of forcing the nation into surrendering its pipelines to Gazprom – the Russian state-owned monopoly.
Russia dismisses the accusations, claiming the charges could be set by terrorists. The pipelines were eventually fixed on 7 February 2006
# Masoud Abtahi

Masoud Abtahi (Persian: مسعود ابطحی, born December 6, 1980) is an Iranian football striker who currently plays for Iranian football club F.C. Nassaji Mazandaran in the Iran Pro League.
# Alan Rollinson

Alan William Rollinson (15 May 1943 – 2 June 2019) was a British racing driver from England. He entered one Formula One World Championship Grand Prix, the 1965 British Grand Prix, with a Cooper T71/73 run by Gerard Racing, but he failed to qualify. He competed more successfully in various other formulas, including Formula 5000.
He died of cancer in 2019.

## Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | WDC | Points |
| 1965 | Gerard Racing | Cooper T71/73 | Ford Straight-4 | RSA | MON | BEL | FRA | GBR DNS | NED | GER | ITA | USA | MEX | NC | 0 |

## Complete Formula One Non-Championship results

(key)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 1967 | Frank Lythgoe Racing | McLaren M4A | Cosworth Straight-4 | ROC | SPR | INT | SYR | OUL 9 | ESP Ret | | |
| 1969 | Irish Racing Cars | Brabham BT30 | Cosworth Straight-4 | ROC | INT | MAD | OUL 6 | | | | |
| 1970 | Irish Racing Cars | Surtees TS5A | Chevrolet V8 | ROC | INT | OUL Ret | | | | | |
| 1971 | Jo Siffert Automobiles | March 701 | Cosworth DFV V8 | ARG | ROC | QUE | SPR 5 | | | | |
| 1971 | Team Surtees | Surtees TS7 | Cosworth DFV V8 | | | | | INT 14 | RIN | | |
| 1971 | Alan McKechnie | Surtees TS8 | Chevrolet V8 | | | | | | | OUL 4 | VIC 10 |
| 1972 | Alan McKechnie | Lola T300 | Chevrolet V8 | ROC 10 | BRA | INT 15 | OUL Ret | REP | VIC 14 | | |
# Yuya Nagasawa

Yuya Nagasawa (長沢 祐弥, Nagasawa Yūya, born 1 July 1996) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Tokyo Verdy.

## Career statistics

    As of matches played on 22 September 2024.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J.League Cup | J.League Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Azul Claro Numazu | 2019 | J3 League | 5 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| Azul Claro Numazu | 2020 | J3 League | 32 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 32 | 0 |
| Azul Claro Numazu | Total | Total | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 0 |
| Tokyo Verdy | 2021 | J2 League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Tokyo Verdy | 2022 | J2 League | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Tokyo Verdy | 2023 | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Tokyo Verdy | 2024 | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Tokyo Verdy | Total | Total | 6 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 43 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 48 | 0 |
# Bright Machida

Bright Machida (町田 ブライト, Machida Bright, born 23 October 1996) is a Japanese footballer who started his career at FC Gifu in 2020, before moving to Australia to join FQPL 3 side Brisbane Knights FC in 2023.

## Early life

Bright was born in Tsurugashima. He went to Tsurugashima Minami Jr HS, Seiritsu Gakuen HS, Tokyo International University and Japan Soccer College.

## Career

Bright made his debut for Gifu against Roasso Kumamoto on the 19th of July 2020. He scored his first goal for the club on the 13th of September 2020, scoring against Vanraure Hachinohe in the 17th minute. After then he has moved to Australia to play in Queensland for FQPL 3 side Brisbane Knights FC where in 2023 he was the leagues top goal scorer.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 10 November 2020.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| FC Gifu | 2020 | J3 League | 17 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 3 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 17 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 3 |
# Takuya Ohata

Takuya Ohata (大畑 拓也, Ōhata Takuya, born May 28, 1990) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Fujieda MYFC.

## Career

Takuya Ohata joined J1 League club Júbilo Iwata in 2009. In 2011, he entered Juntendo University. In 2015, he joined Japan Football League club Azul Claro Numazu. In 2017, he moved to J3 League club SC Sagamihara.

## Club statistics

Updated to 22 February 2020.
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J. League Cup | J. League Cup | Total | Total |
| 2009 | Júbilo Iwata | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2010 | Júbilo Iwata | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2015 | Azul Claro Numazu | JFL | 13 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 13 | 0 |
| 2016 | Azul Claro Numazu | JFL | 16 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 16 | 0 |
| 2017 | SC Sagamihara | J3 League | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0 |
| 2018 | SC Sagamihara | J3 League | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| 2019 | SC Sagamihara | J3 League | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0 |
| Total | Total | Total | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 0 |
# Whiskey Soda Lounge

Whiskey Soda Lounge was a bar and Thai restaurant by Andy Ricker in Portland, Oregon's Richmond neighborhood, in the United States. Located across the street from Ricker's Pok Pok restaurant, the whiskey-centric bar closed in 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Portland

The Portland restaurant began serving happy hour in 2010. The restaurant served brunch from 2016 to 2017.
Oma's Hideaway replaced Whiskey Soda Lounge, after closing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Brooklyn

Ricker opened a second Whiskey Soda Lounge in Brooklyn, also near a Pok Pok location, in August 2013. It was unable to find a sufficient customer base, and closed less than two years later.
# Shinji Okada

Shinji Okada (岡田 慎司, Okada Shinji, born 10 March 1996) is a Japanese footballer currently playing as a goalkeeper for Nara Club.

## Career

Early in his first steps into football, Okada played and studied at Shigenobu Junior High School, Matsuyama Kogyo High School and Biwako Seikei Sport College.
Okada begin first professional career with FC Imabari in 2018. FC Imabari announces Okada left from the club after expiration contract on 28 November 2022, he play five years at Imabari.
On 26 December at same year, Okada announcement officially transfer to J3 promotion club, Nara Club for upcoming 2023 season.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of the start from 2023 season.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Biwako Seikei Sport College | 2017 | – | – | – | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| FC Imabari | 2018 | JFL | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| FC Imabari | 2019 | JFL | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| FC Imabari | 2020 | J3 League | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| FC Imabari | 2021 | J3 League | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| FC Imabari | 2022 | J3 League | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| FC Imabari | Total | Total | 22 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 |
| Nara Club | 2023 | J3 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nara Club | Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 22 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 |

#### Notes

* 1 2 Appearances in the Emperor's Cup
# Hind Mazdoor Sabha

The Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS) was formed by the Socialists in 1948 but has little real connection with the Socialist Party. It is one of the least political and most pragmatic trade-union federations in India. The HMS is affiliated with the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions.

## History

The HMS was founded in Howrah in west Bengal on 29 December 1948, by socialists, Forward Bloc followers and independent unionists. Its founders included Basawon Singh (Sinha), Ashok Mehta, R.S. Ruikar, Maniben Kara, Shibnath Banerjee, R.A. Khedgikar, T.S. Ramanujam, V.S. Mathur, G.G. Mehta. R.S. Ruikar was elected president and Ashok Mehta general secretary. HMS absorbed the Royist Indian Federation of Labour and the Hind Mazdoor Panchayat, which was formed in 1948 by socialists leaving the increasingly communist dominated AITUC. In March 1949, HMS claimed to have 380 affiliated unions with a combined membership of 618,802.

## Membership

According to provisional statistics from the Ministry of Labour, HMS had a membership of 3,342,213 in 2002 (13% of the total trade union membership in the country).
All India Railwaymen's Federation, the largest trade union in the Indian Railways with a membership of 1.4 million is affiliated with Hind Mazdoor Sabha. All India Port and Dock Workers Federation, the largest trade union representing workers at India's 12 major government-owned ports is also affiliated with the Hind Mazdoor Sabha.

## International affiliations

In 1949 HMS became a founding member of the ICFTU. Currently, it is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation.
# Anaches dorsalis

Anaches dorsalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1858. It is found in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, China, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam.
Anaches dorsalis measure 10–14 mm (0.39–0.55 in).
# Serhiy Perkhun

Serhiy Volodymyrovych Perkhun (Ukrainian: Сергій Володимирович Перхун; 4 September 1977 – 28 August 2001) was a Ukrainian footballer. He is the only player to date in the history of the Russian Premier League to die from injuries sustained during an official game.

## Career

In 1993–1998, he played for FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk. In 1999–2000, he was a first choice goalkeeper for Sheriff Tiraspol. In 2001, he was a first choice goalkeeper for CSKA Moscow.
Serhiy was also capped by the Ukraine national football team in a friendly game against Latvia on 15 August 2001, just 3 days before the accident that led to his death on the 28th. He played in the second half of the match.
He is the youngest player, as of August 2020, in the history of the top league of the Ukrainian football, making his debut at the age of 16 years and 34 days in the game for FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk against FC Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih on 8 October 1993 in the Ukrainian Premier League (then Vyshcha Liha).

## Death

On 19 August 2001, during the game against Anzhi Makhachkala, Perkhun collided with Budun Budunov. Perkhun died nine days later from a brain hemorrhage, whilst Budunov sustained several head injuries. CSKA Moscow has retired number 16 to honor Perkhun's legacy.

## Honours

* 1998–99 Moldovan Cup (Sheriff Tiraspol)
* 1994 UEFA European Under-16 Championship (third runner)
# Megathous nigerrimus

Megathous nigerrimus is a species of click beetles in the family Elateridae. In 2020, Frank E. Etzler [species] transferred this species to the genus Hemicrepidius.

## Distribution

This species can be found in France, Italy and Switzerland. It is the most widespread species within the genus Megathous. It is mainly known from the French and Italian Maritime Alps, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Piedmont.

## Description

Megathous nigerrimus can reach a body length of about 20 mm (0.79 in). These click beetles are entirely black, moderately shiny, including antennae and legs. They are covered with fine and not very thick pubescence. Antennae are serrated from third article. Frons is arcuate anteriorly with margin simple on level with clypeus at middle.

## Biology

The larvae develop as predators in decayed trunks and stumps of different tree species. Adults have crepuscular habits.
# Intermarium (region)

The Intermarium region comprises a group of geographically contiguous Central and Eastern European countries that share a common historical, social, and cultural identity. Many were socialist buffer republics, either Soviet republics or otherwise subordinate to the USSR. As a region, they form a land buffer from the Baltic to the Black Sea that could balance future Russian influence in Europe.
The term has gained currency in the context of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, as humanitarian and military aid has been offered to Ukraine, increasing its defence resources (GDP). Support for Ukraine has also included many countries that have condemned Russia's actions and imposed sanctions, including Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Slovakia. Other assistance includes accelerated and expanded energy projects; communications projects; and various NATO defence projects, including NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence.

## Etymology

The definition of the Intermarium region as a geopolitical centre does not refer to Józef Piłsudski's similarly named concept for the federalisation of European states. The term "Intermarium Region" refers to close cooperation within the European Union. The creation of the Eastern Partnership, the Bucharest Nine, the Visegrád Group, and later the Three Seas Initiative created a regional dialogue on issues affecting the member states. The Lublin Triangle was established to strengthen mutual military, cultural, economic, and political cooperation and to support Ukraine's integration into the European Union and NATO.

## Geopolitics

The countries bordering Ukraine and Russia are exposed to the effects of Russian energy blackmail and the economic consequences of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The Intermarium region, together with the countries of the European Union, has accelerated energy, communications, and defence projects and will participate in the reconstruction of Ukraine, which has become an official candidate for membership in the European Union. This will enable these countries to form a future buffer from the Baltic to the Black Sea, balancing Russian imperial influence in Europe. The American geopolitician George Friedman refers to the Intermarium region in his works and speeches.