# Nunukan Regency

Nunukan Regency is a regency of North Kalimantan Province in Indonesia. It was created on 4 October 1999 from the northern districts of Bulungan Regency. Nunukan Regency shares international borders with the Malaysian states of Sabah to the north and Sarawak to the west, and inter-regency borders with Tana Tidung Regency and Malinau Regency to the south, as well as the coastal city of Tarakan in the east. The regency covers an area of 14,247.50 km$^2$ and it had a population of 140,841 at the 2010 census and 199,090 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 217,923 (comprising 115,669 males and 102,254 females).
Nunukan is also the name of an island within this regency. It has an area of 226 km$^2$. Nunukan town, the capital of the regency, is located on Nunukan Island, which comprises the insular section of Nunukan District (which also includes part of the 'mainland' of Kalimantan) and the whole of the separate Nunukan Selatan District. It is a major port for ferry crossings to Tawau in Sabah state, Malaysia.
North of Nunukan Island is Sebatik Island, which is split in two by a straight east-west line across the centre of the island. The northern part lies in Malaysia and the southern half within Indonesia. The Indonesian portion has an area of 246.61 km$^2$ and had a population of 47,571 at the 2020 census, comprising five of the regency's districts.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

* Bugis
* Tidung
* Bajau people
* Murut people
* Lun Bawang
* Tausug
* Penan
* Kelabit
* Kedayan
* Orang Ulu
* Kenyah
* Kayan

### Religion

Religion in Nunukan Religion (June 2021)

## Administrative districts

At the 2010 census, the regency was divided into nine districts (kecamatan), but subsequently another twelve new districts have been created by the division of existing regencies. All these are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (a total of 232 rural desa and 8 urban kelurahan - the latter comprising 4 each in Nunukan District and Nunukan Selatan District), and its postal codes.
| Kode Wilayah | Name of District (kecamatan) | Area in km$^2$ | Pop'n census 2010 | Pop'n census 2020 | Pop'n estimate mid 2023 | Admin centre | No. of villages | Post codes |
| 65.03.07 | Krayan Selatan (South Krayan) | 760.24 | 2,243 | 1,448 | 1,452 | Long Layu | 13 | 77454 |
| 65.03.17 | Krayan Tengah (Central Krayan) | 997.42 | $^{(a)}$ | 1,427 | 1,063 | Binuang | 11 | 77458 |
| 65.03.05 | Krayan $^{(a)}$ | 254.35 | 7,240 | 3,458 | 3,547 | Long Bawan | 23 | 77456 |
| 65.03.18 | Krayan Timur (East Krayan) | 1,273.17 | $^{(a)}$ | 1,597 | 1,558 | Long Umung | 17 | 77459 |
| 65.03.19 | Krayan Barat (West Krayan) | 309.22 | $^{(a)}$ | 2,944 | 3,028 | Lembudud | 25 | 77455 |
| Totals for | Apokayan region | 3,594.40 | 9,483 | 10,874 | 10,648 | | 89 | |
| 65.03.02 | Nunukan $^{(e)}$ | 564.50 | 53,621 | 64,241 | 72,925 | Nunukan Barat | 5 | 77482 |
| 65.03.09 | Nunukan Selatan $^{(f)}$ (South Nunukan) | 181.77 | 12,260 | 21,588 | 25,547 | Nunukan Selatan | 4 | 77480 |
| Totals for | Nunukan island | 746.27 | 65,881 | 85,829 | 98,472 | | 9 | |
| 65.03.08 | Sebatik Barat $^{(g)}$ (West Sebatik) | 93.27 | 10,384 | 10,903 | 12,888 | Binalawan | 4 | 77486 |
| 65.03.01 | Sebatik $^{(g)}$ | 51.07 | 22,173 | 6,453 | 7,364 | Tanjung Karang | 4 | 77483 |
| 65.03.10 | Sebatik Timur (East Sebatik) | 39.17 | $^{(h)}$ | 14,171 | 15,030 | Sungai Nyamuk | 4 | 77488 |
| 65.03.12 | Sebatik Tengah (Central Sebatik) | 47.71 | $^{(h)}$ | 8,250 | 8,988 | Aji Kuning | 4 | 77487 |
| 65.03.11 | Sebatik Utara (North Sebatik) | 15.39 | $^{(h)}$ | 7,794 | 8,278 | Pancang | 3 | 77489 |
| Totals for | Sebatik island | 246.61 | 32,557 | 47,571 | 52,548 | | 19 | |
| 65.03.15 | Lumbis Ogong | 1,628.66 | $^{(b)}$ | 3,079 | 2,989 | Samunti | 26 | 77450 |
| 65.03.21 | Lumbis Pansiangan | 964.42 | $^{(b)}$ | 1,844 | 1,514 | Labang | 13 | 77450 |
| 65.02.20 | Lumbis Hulu (Upper Lumbis) | 763.93 | $^{(b)}$ | 773 | 810 | Tantu Libing | 10 | 77450 |
| 65.03.04 | Lumbis | 290.23 | 9,883 | 4,947 | 6,735 | Mansalong | 28 | 77457 |
| 65.03.16 | Sembakung Atulai | 277.72 | $^{(c)}$ | 2,771 | 3,281 | Saduman | 10 | 77452 |
| 65.03.03 | Sembakung | 1,764.94 | 8,138 | 6,673 | 6,798 | Atap | 10 | 77453 |
| 65.03.06 | Sebuku | 1,608.48 | 14,899 | 11,936 | 12,071 | Pembeliangan | 10 | 77481 |
| 65.03.14 | Tulin Onsoi | 1,513.36 | $^{(d)}$ | 10,915 | 11,262 | Sekikilan | 12 | 77485 |
| 65.03.13 | Sei Menggaris | 850.48 | $^{(d)}$ | 10,275 | 10,795 | Srinanti | 4 | 77484 |
| | Totals | 14,247.50 | 140,841 | 199,090 | 217,923 | Nunukan | 240 | |
Notes: (a) the 2010 population figures given for Krayan District and Krayan Selatan District include the populations of the three most recently created districts (Krayan Selatan District included the new Krayan Tengah District, while Krayan District included the new Krayan Timur and Krayan Barat Districts. The Apokayan region (i.e. all the first five districts listed above) comprises the entire western section of the Regency, separated from Malaysia by the meandering Kayan River. (b) the 2010 populations of Lumbis Ogong District, Lumbis Pansiangan District and Lumbis Hulu District are included in the figure for Lumbis District, from which they were split. (c) the 2010 population of Sembakung Atulai District is included in the figure for Sembakung District, from which it was split. (d) the 2010 populations of Tulin Onsoi District and Sei Menggaris District are included in the figure for Sebuku District, from which they were split. (e) Nunukan District comprises the western half of Nunukan Island (including the town of Nunukan), together with adjacent areas on the 'mainland' of Kalimantan. It consists of 4 kelurahan (Nunukan Barat, Nunukan Tengah, Nunukan Timur and Nunukan Utara) and the desa of Binusan. (f) Nunukan Selatan District comprises the eastern half of Nunukan Island. It consists of 4 kelurahan (Mansapa, Nunukan Selatan, Selisun and Tanjung Harapan). (g) Sebatik District comprises a southeast portion of Sebatik Island, while Sebatik Barat District comprises a southwest portion (the northern half of this island is part of Malaysian North Borneo, as the international boundary divides this island in two). (h) Since 2010, three additional districts have been created on (the Indonesian portion of) Sebatik Island - Sebatik Timur, Sebatik Tengah and Sebatik Utara - by the division of existing districts. The populations in these districts in 2010 are included with the figures for Sebatik Barat District and Sebatik District.

## Climate

Nunukan town, the seat of the regency has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with moderate rainfall in January and February and heavy rainfall in the remaining months.
Climate data for Nunukan :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.5 (85.1) | 29.5 (85.1) | 29.8 (85.6) | 30.4 (86.7) | 30.7 (87.3) | 30.7 (87.3) | 30.8 (87.4) | 30.9 (87.6) | 30.7 (87.3) | 30.7 (87.3) | 30.4 (86.7) | 29.8 (85.6) | 30.3 (86.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26.3 (79.3) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.3 (79.3) | 26.6 (79.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.9 (73.2) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.8 (73.0) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.7 (72.9) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.9 (73.2) | 22.9 (73.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 116 (4.6) | 123 (4.8) | 140 (5.5) | 171 (6.7) | 236 (9.3) | 208 (8.2) | 234 (9.2) | 237 (9.3) | 204 (8.0) | 218 (8.6) | 218 (8.6) | 207 (8.1) | 2,312 (90.9) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org ||||||||||||||