OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert Lawson Vaught

Robert Lawson Vaught (April 4, 1926 – April 2, 2002) was a mathematical logician and one of the founders of model theory.

## Life

Vaught was a musical prodigy in his youth, in his case playing the piano. He began his university studies at Pomona College, at age 16. When World War II broke out, he enlisted into the US Navy, which assigned him to the University of California's V-12 program. He graduated in 1945 with an AB in physics.
In 1946, he began a Ph.D. in mathematics at Berkeley. He initially worked under the supervision of the topologist John L. Kelley, writing on C* algebras. In 1950, in response to McCarthyite pressures, Berkeley required all staff to sign a loyalty oath. Kelley declined and moved his career to Tulane University for three years. Vaught then began afresh under the supervision of Alfred Tarski, completing in 1954 a thesis on mathematical logic, titled Topics in the Theory of Arithmetical Classes and Boolean Algebras. After spending four years at the University of Washington, Vaught returned to Berkeley in 1958, where he remained until his 1991 retirement.
In 1957, Vaught married Marilyn Maca; they had two children.

## Work

Vaught's work is primarily focused on model theory. In 1957, he and Tarski introduced elementary submodels and the Tarski–Vaught test characterizing them. In 1962, he and Michael D. Morley pioneered the concept of a saturated structure. His investigations on countable models of first-order theories led him to the Vaught conjecture stating that the number of countable models of a complete first-order theory (in a countable language) is always either finite, or countably infinite, or equinumerous with the real numbers. Vaught's "Never 2" theorem states that a complete first-order theory cannot have exactly two nonisomorphic countable models.
He considered his best work his paper "Invariant sets in topology and logic", introducing the Vaught transform. He is known for the Tarski–Vaught test for elementary substructures, the Feferman–Vaught theorem, the Łoś–Vaught test for completeness and decidability, the Vaught two-cardinal theorem, and his conjecture on the nonfinite axiomatizability of totally categorical theories (this work eventually led to geometric stability theory).
# Richard Wilson (Australian businessman)

Richard Wilson is an Australian business man from Melbourne, Australia, who is known for being a former managing director of Melbourne Victory. He is the current club chairman of Balwyn Football Club, a non-executive director of the Victory

## Melbourne Victory

Wilson was a foundation director of Melbourne Victory, a Melbourne football club. He was appointed CEO in 2011–12 A-League pre-season, after the resignation of inaugural CEO Geoff Miles. On 5 June 2013 Wilson resigned his post as CEO with consent of the board of directors. He will remain on the board as a director and will remain a major shareholder of the club. Wilson has overseen a period of change at the club, which included the sacking of A-League championship-winning coach Ernie Merrick in early 2011, following a 1–5 defeat at the hands of Japanese giants Gamba Osaka. He signed Harry Kewell with the help of Anthony Di Pietro. He claimed in his post resignation interview that "It has certainly been an honour to lead the club that I care so much about and to have undertaken and actioned such significant and positive change." Di Pietro said "the Board and executive of Melbourne Victory have been privileged to have had someone of the calibre of Richard Wilson to administer the club. As Managing Director, Richard led the restructuring of the management team and the Football Department, including the appointment of a new Head Coach, Ange Postecoglou, and a reinvigorated playing list of existing and new footballers, that continues to be Australia's most successful A-League club." Richard's former CEO role was taken by former Australian rules football club Essendon CEO, Ian Robson.
# Hickey Nicholson

John Ivan "Hickey" Nicholson (September 9, 1911 – November 22, 1956) was a Canadian ice hockey player who played two games in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks during the 1937–38 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1929 to 1941, was mainly spent in the minor leagues. Nicholson was born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island in 1911 and died there in 1956.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1929–30 | Moncton Atlantics | NBSHL | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1929–30 | Charlottetown Abbies | PEI Sr | 8 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 28 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
| 1929–30 | Charlottetown Islanders | Al-Cup | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1930–31 | Charlottetown Abbies | PEI Sr | 11 | 8 | 3 | 11 | — | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1931–32 | Charlottetown Abbies | MSHL | 24 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1932–33 | Charlottetown Abbies | MSHL | 10 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| 1933–34 | Charlottetown Abbies | MSHL | 39 | 12 | 7 | 19 | 43 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| 1934–35 | Charlottetown Abbies | MSHL | 19 | 8 | 15 | 23 | 34 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 |
| 1935–36 | Richmond Hawks | ENL | — | 8 | 8 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1935–36 | Harringay Racers | ENL | 34 | 9 | 8 | 17 | 30 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1937–38 | Chicago Black Hawks | NHL | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1937–38 | Kansas City Greyhounds | AHA | 47 | 11 | 17 | 28 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1938–39 | Kansas City Greyhounds | AHA | 48 | 16 | 35 | 51 | 33 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1939–40 | Kansas City Greyhounds | AHA | 47 | 14 | 14 | 28 | 33 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1940–41 | Halifax Army | NSDHL | 4 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| AHA totals | AHA totals | AHA totals | 142 | 41 | 66 | 107 | 92 | — | — | — | — | — |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
# Hewitt Lake National Wildlife Refuge

Hewitt Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a 1,360-acre (550 ha) National Wildlife Refuge in the northern region of the U.S. state of Montana. This refuge is a part of the Bowdoin Wetland Management District (WMD), and is unstaffed. The refuge is partly owned by the U.S. Government, while the rest is an easement with local landowners. The refuge is managed from Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge.
# Las Vegas National Wildlife Refuge

With the Rocky Mountains to the west, the Great Plains to the east, and the Chihuahuan Desert to the south, Las Vegas National Wildlife Refuge encompasses a diversity of habitats. Located along the Central Flyway, the Refuge provides an important resting, feeding, and wintering area for migrating geese, ducks, and cranes.
Las Vegas National Wildlife Refuge rests on a plateau in the foothills with the Rocky Mountains just beyond. River canyon walls drop below the refuge on three sides. Las Vegas (Spanish for "the meadows") preserves both wildlife habitats and a slice of New Mexico's rich cultural history.
# Little Goose National Wildlife Refuge

Little Goose National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Grand Forks County, North Dakota. It is managed under the Devils Lake Wetland Management District.
This is a limited-interest national wildlife refuge. The FWS has an easement on private property allowing it to manage wildlife habitat, but the land remains private property. There is no public access although wildlife may be observed from adjacent public roads. Limited-interest refuges were created in the 1930s and 1940s in response to declining waterfowl populations and the need to get people back to work during the Great Depression. Many landowners sold easements allowing the federal government to regulate water levels and restrict hunting.
# Snow's BBQ

Snow's BBQ is a renowned Texas barbecue restaurant located in the small town of Lexington roughly an hour outside of Austin, Texas to the east. Snow's is open only on Saturdays from 8 AM until they run out of meat, often around noon. The unusual hours were originally kept to take advantage of a weekly Saturday livestock auction nearby at 12:30 PM.
The name comes from owner Kerry Bexley's lifelong nickname. As Bexley told it:
   "When my mother was pregnant, an older gentleman here in town asked my brother, 'Do you want a little brother or a little sister?' He said, 'I want a little snowman.' So when I hit the deck, that's what I was called. Snowman."
In May 2008, Texas Monthly rated Snow's BBQ as the number-one BBQ joint in Texas. In May 2013, Snow's was ranked number 2 on the magazine's Top 50 list of the best barbecue in Texas. The 2017 list saw Snow's trade places with Austin's Franklin Barbecue to retake the number 1 position. In early 2018, 82-year-old pitmaster Tootsie Tomanetz was nominated as a semifinalist for a James Beard Award.
Snow's BBQ has also been labeled as "The Best Texas BBQ in the World" by The New Yorker in its article titled "By Meat Alone" written by Calvin Trillin in the November 24, 2008, issue.
Snow's BBQ received significant publicity because of the 2020 Netflix series Chef's Table: BBQ. Episode 1 showcased Snow's BBQ and the story of Tootsie Tomanetz, the pitmaster responsible for the cooking.
# Zoya Douchine

Zoya Alexeevna Douchine, sometimes written Zoja Duschin, married surname Barkenstein (born 24 October 1983) is a German former competitive figure skater. The 2000 national silver medalist, she represented Germany at the 2000 European Championships, placing 18th, and at the 2000 World Championships, where she finished 17th. She began skating while still living in Moscow. She and her family moved to Germany in 1991. She retired from competitive skating in 2003 due to injury.

## Programs

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2001–02 | Waltz No. 2 by Dmitri Shostakovich | Hokkaido Mountains by Le Favreu |
| 1999–00 | Czardas | West Side Story by Leonard Bernstein |

## Competitive highlights

GP: Grand Prix; JGP: Junior Series/Junior Grand Prix
International :
| Event | 94–95 | 95–96 | 96–97 | 97–98 | 98–99 | 99–00 | 00–01 | 01–02 |
| Worlds | | | | | | 17th | | |
| Europeans | | | | | | 18th | | |
| GP Cup of Russia | | | | | | | | 7th |
| Schäfer Memorial | | | | | | | | 9th |
| International: Junior |||||||||
| JGP Czech Rep. | | | | | | 12th | | |
| JGP Norway | | | | | | | 6th | |
| JGP Slovakia | | | | 6th | 13th | | | |
| JGP Slovenia | | | | | | 8th | | |
| JGP Ukraine | | | | | | | 9th | |
| National |||||||||
| German Champ. | 4th N. | 1st J. | 9th | 7th | 4th | 2nd | 4th | 5th |
| Levels: N. = Novice; J. = Junior |||||||||
# Mathews Brake National Wildlife Refuge

Mathews Brake National Wildlife Refuge encompasses 2,418 acres (9.79 km$^2$) in west-central Mississippi. Established in 1980, the refuge is one of seven national wildlife refuges in the Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge Complex. The primary habitat feature is Mathews Brake, the largest brake (natural wooded wetland area) in Leflore County. Each winter the brake provides habitat for over 30,000 ducks.
Neotropical migratory birds use the refuge during migration seasons throughout the year. The refuge supports about 200 species of migratory birds, including priority species such as the prothonotary warbler. This little cavity nester is a species of concern in other areas, but has plenty of habitat around the wooded waters of Mathews Brake.
Refuge staff manage the water level in the brake to promote moist-soil plants and to sustain oak trees around the edges for migratory birds. Other habitat types include 422 acres (1.71 km$^2$) of bottomland hardwoods and 186 acres (0.75 km$^2$) of young hardwood plantations. Hunting and fishing are the most popular programs on the refuge.
# Michigan Wetland Management District

The Michigan Wetland Management District consists of a 14-county area and includes three waterfowl production areas (WPAs): the 160-acre (0.65 km$^2$) Schlee WPA and the 138-acre (0.56 km$^2$) Mahan WPA in Jackson County and the 77-acre (310,000 m$^2$) Kinney WPA in Van Buren County. The Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Division, oversees day-to-day management of these three areas through a partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Michigan has a fourth WPA, the 95-acre (380,000 m$^2$) Schoonover WPA, in Lenawee County. Staff of the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge, located east of Toledo, Ohio, manages this WPA. All four sites are managed as a mixture of wetlands and grasslands to provide high-quality nesting and brood-rearing habitat for waterfowl and a variety of migratory songbirds.
# Marianów, Gmina Burzenin

Marianów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Burzenin, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) west of Burzenin, 19 km (12 mi) south of Sieradz, and 66 km (41 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Berendsen thermostat

The Berendsen thermostat is an algorithm to re-scale the velocities of particles in molecular dynamics simulations to control the simulation temperature. It is named after Herman Berendsen.

## Description

In this scheme, the system is weakly coupled to a heat bath with some temperature. The thermostat suppresses fluctuations of the kinetic energy of the system and therefore cannot produce trajectories consistent with the canonical ensemble. The temperature of the system is corrected such that the deviation exponentially decays with some time constant $\tau$.
    ${\frac {dT}{dt}}={\frac {T_{0}-T}{\tau }}$
Though the thermostat does not generate a correct canonical ensemble (especially for small systems), for large systems on the order of hundreds or thousands of atoms/molecules, the approximation yields roughly correct results for most calculated properties. The scheme is widely used due to the efficiency with which it relaxes a system to some target (bath) temperature. In many instances, systems are initially equilibrated using the Berendsen scheme, while properties are calculated using the widely known Nosé–Hoover thermostat, which correctly generates trajectories consistent with a canonical ensemble. However, the Berendsen thermostat can result in the flying ice cube effect, an artifact which can be eliminated by using the more rigorous Bussi–Donadio–Parrinello thermostat; for this reason, it has been recommended that usage of the Berendsen thermostat be discontinued in almost all cases except for replication of prior studies.
# Scott Stirling

Scott Stirling (born August 2, 1977) is an American former professional ice hockey goaltender. He is the head coach of the Gilmour Academy boys prep hockey team in Cleveland, Ohio.

## Playing career

Stirling attended Brown University from 1996 to 2000 where he played NCAA Division I college hockey with the Brown Bears men's ice hockey team. Undrafted, Stirling began his professional career in 2000 by joining the Trenton Titans of the ECHL, winning the John A. Daley Trophy as the ECHL Rookie of the Year. He went on to play parts of six seasons in the ECHL, being twice selected the ECHL Goaltender of the Year, and being named the ECHL Most Valuable Player for the 2003–04 season. He also backstopped the Atlantic City Boardwalk Bullies to capture the 2003 Kelly Cup as ECHL Champions. In November 2010, Stirling was named to the ECHL All-Decade Team.

## Personal

His father is Steve Stirling, the long-time NCAA and American Hockey League coach.

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |
| John A. Daley Trophy - ECHL Rookie of the Year | 2000–01 |
| ECHL Goaltender of the Year | 2000–01 |
| ECHL First All-Star Team | 2000–01 |
| ECHL Goaltender of the Year | 2003–04 |
| ECHL First All-Star Team | 2003–04 |
| ECHL Most Valuable Player | 2003–04 |
# Barry Tyler

Barry Tyler (born c. 1924) is a former rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Coventry R.F.C. and Nuneaton R.F.C., and club level rugby league (RL) for Bradford Northern and Doncaster, as a second-row.

## Playing career
### Championship final appearances

Barry Tyler played at second-row in Bradford Northern's 5-15 defeat by Warrington in the Championship Final during the 1947–48 season, and played at second-row in the 6-13 defeat by Wigan in the Championship Final during the 1951–52 season at Leeds Road, Huddersfield on Saturday 10 May 1952, in front of a crowd of 48,684.

### Challenge Cup Final appearances

Barry Tyler played at second-row in Bradford Northern's 8–4 victory over Leeds in the 1946–47 Challenge Cup Final during the 1946–47 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 3 May 1947, in front of a crowd of 77,605, played at second-row in the 3–8 defeat by Wigan in the 1947–48 Challenge Cup Final during the 1947–48 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 1 May 1948, in front of a crowd of 91,465, and played at second-row in the 12–0 victory over Halifax in the 1948–49 Challenge Cup Final during the 1948–49 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 7 May 1949, in front of a crowd of 95,000.

### County Cup Final appearances

Barry Tyler played at second-row in Bradford Northern's 18–9 victory over Castleford in the 1948–49 Yorkshire Cup Final during the 1948–49 season at Headingley, Leeds on Saturday 30 October 1948.

### Club career

Barry Tyler changed code from rugby union to rugby league when he transferred to Bradford Northern during September 1946, and he transferred from Bradford Northern to Doncaster on Thursday 11 August 1955.
# Bright Sodje

Bright Ojamohare Sodje (born 21 April 1966) is a retired dual-code rugby player, who played for rugby league clubs; the Wakefield Trinity (Wildcats), Hull Kingston Rovers, and the Sheffield Eagles in England as well as rugby union for Wakefield RFC.
Sodje's brothers, Sam, Efe, Akpo, Steve, and his nephew, Onome, have all played professional football in England.
Bright was a winger with a reputation for scoring tries, and noted for his aeroplane style celebration.

## Financial Crisis at Wakefield Trinity Wildcats

In 2000, at the height of a financial crisis at Wakefield Trinity Wildcats, the contracts of all players aged over 24 were terminated during September 2000. The players affected were; Andy Fisher, Bobbie Goulding, Warren Jowitt, Tony Kemp (player-coach), Steve McNamara, Francis Maloney, Martin Masella, Steve Prescott, Bright Sodje, Francis Stephenson and Glen Tomlinson.

## Personal life

In September 2017, Bright was sentenced to 21 months in prison for fraud, having – with his brothers Efe and Stephen – siphoned off money from a charity, the Sodje Sports Foundation.
His son, Tai, is a professional footballer, and currently plays for the academy team of Manchester City.
# Juan Antonio Coloma Álamos

Juan Antonio Coloma Álamos (born 14 March 1980) is a Chilean politician who currently serves as a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile. Similarly, he is son of the senator Juan Antonio Coloma Correa.
# Paul Ringer

Paul Ringer (born 28 January 1948) is an English-born former Welsh dual-code international rugby union and professional rugby league footballer. He played representative level rugby union for Wales and at club level for Ebbw Vale RFC, Llanelli RFC and Leicester, as a flanker. Having turned professional, he played representative level rugby league for Wales and at club level for Cardiff City (Bridgend) Blue Dragons, as a loose forward.

## International honours

Paul Ringer was born in Leeds. He earned his first rugby union cap for Wales against New Zealand, at Cardiff, in 1978 and was capped on total of 8 occasions. His final game was two years later in 1980, again at Cardiff against New Zealand. An abrasive and uncompromising forward, in a notorious international match between Wales and England at Twickenham in 1980 he was sent off for a challenge on English outside half John Horton controversially deemed as late by the referee. This controversy proved costly for Ringer as he was not selected for that summer's British Lions tour to South Africa.
Paul Ringer won caps for Wales (RL) while at Cardiff City (Bridgend) Blue Dragons 1981...1982 2-caps.

## Note

Before the start of the 1984/85 season, Cardiff City Blue Dragons relocated from Ninian Park in Cardiff, to Coychurch Road Ground in Bridgend, and were renamed Bridgend Blue Dragons.

## Family history

Paul Ringer is the father of rugby union footballer of the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s; Jamie Ringer, and rugby union footballer; Joel Bennett Ringer.
# Swimming at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Women's 50 metre freestyle S6

The women's 50 metre freestyle S6 event at the 2016 Paralympic Games took place on 10 September 2016, at the Olympic Aquatics Stadium. Three heats were held. The swimmers with the eight fastest times advanced to the final.

## Heat 1

9:54 10 September 2016:
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 4 | Tiffany Thomas Kane | Australia | 35.27 | Q |
| 2 | 3 | Nicole Turner | Ireland | 36.70 | Q |
| 3 | 5 | Emanuela Romano | Italy | 37.04 | Q |
| 4 | 6 | Sophia Elizabeth Herzog | United States | 38.60 | |
| 5 | 2 | Ayaallah Tewfick | Egypt | 38.71 | |
| 6 | 7 | Valeria Monserrat Lopez Gomez | Mexico | 39.04 | |

## Heat 2

9:57 10 September 2016:
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 4 | Yelyzaveta Mereshko | Ukraine | 33.53 | Q PR |
| 2 | 3 | Eleanor Simmonds | Great Britain | 36.44 | Q |
| 3 | 6 | Doramitzi Gonzalez | Mexico | 37.89 | |
| 4 | 7 | Vianney Trejo Delgadillo | Mexico | 38.41 | |
| 5 | 5 | Oksana Khrul | Ukraine | 38.48 | |
| 6 | 2 | Kate Wilson | Australia | 39.81 | |
| 7 | 1 | Maga Hovakimyan | Armenia | 46.82 | |

## Heat 3

10:00 10 September 2016:
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 4 | Viktoriia Savtsova | Ukraine | 34.68 | Q |
| 2 | 5 | Ellie Robinson | Great Britain | 34.99 | Q |
| 3 | 3 | Lingling Song | China | 35.41 | Q |
| 4 | 7 | Thi Bich Nhu Trinh | Vietnam | 37.27 | |
| 5 | 6 | Sabine Weber-Treiber | Austria | 37.89 | |
| 6 | 2 | Özlem Kaya | Turkey | 39.20 | |
| 7 | 1 | Thelma Bjorg Bjornsdottir | Iceland | 42.14 | |

## Swim off

11:39 10 September 2016:
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 4 | Doramitzi Gonzalez | Mexico | 37.98 | |
| 2 | 5 | Sabine Weber-Treiber | Austria | 38.12 | |

## Final

17:50 10 September 2016:
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | 4 | Yelyzaveta Mereshko | Ukraine | 33.43 | PR |
| | 5 | Viktoriia Savtsova | Ukraine | 33.68 | |
| | 6 | Tiffany Thomas Kane | Australia | 34.41 | |
| 4 | 3 | Ellie Robinson | Great Britain | 35.24 | |
| 5 | 2 | Lingling Song | China | 35.25 | |
| 6 | 7 | Eleanor Simmonds | Great Britain | 35.54 | |
| 7 | 1 | Nicole Turner | Ireland | 36.31 | |
| 8 | 8 | Emanuela Romano | Italy | 36.62 | |