OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Iran–Iraq–Syria pipeline

The Iran–Iraq–Syria pipeline (called the Friendship Pipeline by the governments involved and the Islamic gas pipeline by some Western sources) is a proposed natural gas pipeline running from the Iranian South Pars/North Dome Gas-Condensate field towards Europe via Iran, Iraq, Syria and Lebanon to supply European customers as well as Iraq, Syria and Lebanon. The pipeline was planned to be 5,600 km (3,500 mi) long and have a diameter of 142 centimetres (56 in). A previous proposal, known as the Persian Pipeline, had seen a route from Iran's South Pars to Europe via Turkey; it was apparently abandoned after the Swiss energy company Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Laufenburg halted its contract with Iran in October 2010 in the face of pressure over U.S. sanctions against Iran.
Iraq signed an agreement with Iran in June 2013 to receive natural gas to fuel Iraqi power plants in Baghdad and Diyala. The contract covers 40 million m$^3$ (1.4 billion cu ft) per day over 10 years. Iran's plans to export 5.0 million m$^3$ (176 million cu ft) of gas per day at standard conditions to Iraq by 2015.
In July 2011 Iran, Iraq and Syria said they planned to sign a contract potentially worth around $6bn to construct a pipeline running from South Pars towards Europe, via these countries and Lebanon and then under the Mediterranean to a European country, with a refinery and related infrastructure in Damascus. In November 2012 the United States dismissed reports that construction had begun on the pipeline, saying that this had been claimed repeatedly and that "it never seems to materialize." A framework agreement was to be signed in early 2013, with costs now estimated at $10bn; construction plans were delayed by the Syrian civil war. In December 2012 the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies said that the project "remains doubtful. It is not clear how such a project will be financed given that both Iran and Syria are subject to strict financial sanctions." In July 2015, Iranian Gas Engineering and Development Company (IGEDC) and Pasargad Energy Development Company signed a BOT (build-operate-transfer) contract under which the project owner will provide 25% of finance and National Development Fund of Iran the rest for the construction of IGAT-6.
The pipeline would be a competitor to the Nabucco pipeline from Azerbaijan to Europe. It is also an alternative to the Qatar–Turkey pipeline which had been proposed by Qatar to run from Qatar to Europe via Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria and Turkey. Syria's rationale for rejecting the Qatar proposal was said to be "to protect the interests of [its] Russian ally, which is Europe's top supplier of natural gas."
# Harry A. Richardson

Harry Alden Richardson (January 1, 1853 – June 16, 1928) was an American businessman and politician from Dover, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Republican Party, and was U.S. Senator from Delaware.

## Early life and family

Richardson was born in Camden, Delaware, the son of Alden B. Richardson and Lucy R. Richardson. His family moved to Dover, Delaware when he was a small child in 1858. He attended the common schools there and the Kent Academy in East Greenwich, Rhode Island. In 1876 he married Priscilla Walker. Both he and Walker were members of the Baptist Church.

## Professional and political career

Richardson worked in his father's canning and packing business in Dover, eventually becoming a partner and assuming control in 1894. He continued in this business throughout his life, was President of the First National Bank of Dover, and was also interested in various public-service corporations.
In his first attempt at public office, he ran for the office of Governor of Delaware in 1890, but lost to Democrat Robert J. Reynolds. Then, many years later, in 1907, he was elected to the U.S. Senate. During this term, he served with the Republican majority in the 60th, 61st, and 62nd U.S. Congress. In the 61st Congress, he was Chairman of the Committee to Examine Branches of the Civil Service, and in the 62nd Congress he was Chairman of the Committee on Pacific Islands and Puerto Rico, and a member of the Committee on Printing. He did not seek reelection in 1913, and in all, served from March 4, 1907, to March 4, 1913, during the administrations of U.S. Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William H. Taft.

## Death and legacy

Richardson died in Dover, and is now buried there in the Lakeside Methodist Episcopal Cemetery.

## Ancestry

Richardson is a direct descendant of Major General Humphrey Atherton.

## Almanac

The General Assembly chose the U.S. Senators, who took office March 4 for a six-year term.
Public Offices :
| Office | Type | Location | Began office | Ended office | notes |
| State Senator | Legislature | Dover | January 4, 1888 | January 3, 1889 | |
| U.S. Senator | Legislature | Washington | March 4, 1907 | March 3, 1913 | |
United States Congressional service :
| Dates | Congress | Chamber | Majority | President | Class/District |
| 1907–1909 | 60th | Senate | Republican | Theodore Roosevelt | class 2 |
| 1909–1911 | 61st | Senate | Republican | William Howard Taft | class 2 |
| 1911–1913 | 62nd | Senate | Republican | William Howard Taft | class 2 |
Election results :
| Year | Office | Subject | Party | Votes | % | Opponent | Party | Votes | % |
| 1890 | Governor | Harry A. Richardson | Republican | 17,258 | 49% | Robert J. Reynolds | Democratic | 17,801 | 51% |

## Biography

* Munroe, John A. (1993). History of Delaware. Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Press. ISBN 0-87413-493-5.

## Images

* Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
# Zune Yu Ya Oo

Zune Yu Ya Oo (born 12 February 2001) is a Burmese footballer who plays as a defender for the Myanmar women's national team.
# Łatno

Łatno (German: Altenhof) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brojce, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Brojce, 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Gryfice, and 82 km (51 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
The village has a population of 45.
# Stephen Bachop

Stephen John Bachop (born 2 April 1966) is a New Zealand former rugby union player and current coach. He is the older brother of fellow former All Black, Graeme Bachop.

## Rugby career

Following the 1985 season, Bachop was selected as one of the "Five promising players" in the Rugby Almanack of New Zealand. He made his debut for Canterbury in the 1986 South Pacific Championship match against Auckland in which he marked All Black Grant Fox. As with his predecessor at Canterbury, Wayne Smith, Bachop was not a goal kicker and this was the role of Robbie Deans.
Bachop had two spells in the National Provincial Championship with each Canterbury and Otago, and also played for the Highlanders in the first Super 12 season in 1996. He then moved north in 1997 and for the next two seasons played with the Central Vikings in the NPC second division and for the Hurricanes in the Super 12.
Bachop had a key role in Otago's back to back wins over the British and Irish Lions in 1993 and the Springboks in 1994.

## All Blacks statistics

Tests: 5 (0 as Captain) Games: 13 (0 as Captain) Total Matches: 18 (0 as Captain) Test Points: 0pts Game Points: 33pts (6t, 0c, 0p, 1dg, 0m) Total Points: 33pts (6t, 0c, 0p, 1dg, 0m)

## Family

Bachop is of Samoan, Tahitian and Cook Islands Heritage.
Several of Bachop's relatives have played sport at a high level, among them brother Graeme Bachop and nephews Aaron Mauger and Nathan Mauger, all of whom have played for the All Blacks. Stephen's wife was Sue Garden-Bachop, a New Zealand representative and coach at women's rugby. Their sons, Connor Garden-Bachop and Jackson Garden-Bachop, are also professional rugby players, and their daughter Georgia Garden-Bachop has represented New Zealand at age-group level at hockey. Another uncle of Aaron and Nathan is former world speedway champion Ivan Mauger.
# List of sport teams in Chernihiv

This List of Chernihiv full list of Sport Teams
Active Teams
| Name | Description | Venue |
| FC Desna Chernihiv | Men's football team | Stadion Yuri Gagarin |
| FC Chernihiv | Men's football team | Chernihiv Arena, Yunist stadium |
| WFC Lehenda-ShVSM Chernihiv | Women's football team | Lokomotiv stadium, Tekstylschyk stadium, Chernihiv Arena, Stadium Cheksil |
| Burevisnyk-ShVSM Chernihiv | Men's volleyball team | Chernihiv National Pedagogical University |
| FC Desna-2 Chernihiv | Reserve men's under-21 football team | Stadion Yuri Gagarin, Chernihiv Arena, Tekstylschyk stadium, Lokomotiv stadium |
| FC Desna-3 Chernihiv | Reserve men's under-19 football team | Stadion Yuri Gagarin, Chernihiv Arena, Tekstylschyk stadium, Lokomotiv stadium |
| SDYuShOR Desna | Youth football team | Stadion Yuri Gagarin |
| Yunist Chernihiv | Youth football team | Yunist stadium |
| Spartak ShVSM Chernihiv | Women's football team | Chernihiv Arena |
| Yunist ShVSM | Women's youth football team | Yunist stadium |
| BC Chernihiv | Men's basketball team | OKDYUSSH |
| FC Udar Chernigov | Men's youth football team | Khimik Sport Complex, Stadium of the Lotnoe College |
| FC Svoboda Chernigiv | Men's youth football team | Khimik Sport Complex, Stadium of the Lotnoe College |
| FC "Nika" (Chernigov) | Men's youth football team | Khimik Sport Complex, Stadium of the Lotnoe College |
| FC PIVZAVOD DESNA | Men's youth football team | Khimik Sport Complex, |
# Encephalartos laevifolius

Encephalartos laevifolius is a species of cycad that is found in the KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces of South Africa, and at Piggs Peak in Eswatini. The species is facing extinction in the wild, but is widely cultivated. As of 2012, the Encephalartos laevifolius has been listed as critically endangered by the IUCN.

## Description

This cycad is tree-like, growing up to 3.5 meters tall with a stem diameter of 25-35 cm. It sometimes develops additional stems from suckers at its base. Its pinnate leaves can reach 1 meter in length, supported by a 22-25 cm long petiole. Each leaf is made up of many pairs of lanceolate, leathery leaflets that are 12-15 cm long, with smooth edges and a sharp tip. This species is dioecious, with male plants bearing 1 to 5 cylindrical-fusiform cones, 30-40 cm long and 9-10 cm wide, in yellow to brown hues. Female plants produce 1-5 cylindrical cones, 20-30 cm long and 10-15 cm wide, in a light yellow color. The seeds are roughly oval-shaped, 2.5-3.5 cm long, and covered with a yellow-orange sarcotesta.
# Li Changjiang

Li Changjiang (Chinese: 李长江; born October 1944) was minister and Chinese Communist Party (CCP) party chief of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China (AQSIQ).

## Biography

Born in Shuangcheng, Heilongjiang, Li joined the CCP in December 1965, and started working in July 1970. He graduated from the Changchun Institute of Fine Optical Mechanics (now the Changchun University of Science and Technology), majoring in the design and manufacture of optical devices. He holds the title of vice research fellow at the University.

### Career

He formerly served as the governor assistant and vice governor of Zhejiang Province. In 2001, he was appointed minister and vice party chief of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and became minister and party chief of that administration in 2008. According to the Daily Telegraph, "Mr Li became a celebrity [in 2007] for his handling of the row over poisoned Chinese exports, which began with pet food tainted with melamine and moved on to lead-coated toys. He said it was a "foreign plot" by Western countries to protect themselves from Chinese imports."
He has been a member of the 16th and 17th Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party.

### Resignation

Li was forced to resign in September 2008 after a State Council investigation concluded that he and Shijiazhuang Party Secretary Wu Xianguo were responsible for the "vital food safety incident", namely the dairy scandal which shook China.

### Coming back

He was appointed vice director of the Office of Sweeping Pornography and Striking Illegal Publications (transliteration of 全國掃黃打非工作小組, which lacks an official translation to English) in December 2009.
# Pulmonary valve

The pulmonary valve (sometimes referred to as the pulmonic valve) is a valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, and has three cusps. It is one of the four valves of the heart and one of the two semilunar valves, the other being the aortic valve. Similar to the aortic valve, the pulmonary valve opens in ventricular systole when the pressure in the right ventricle rises above the pressure in the pulmonary artery. At the end of ventricular systole, when the pressure in the right ventricle falls rapidly, the pressure in the pulmonary artery closes the pulmonary valve.
The closure of the pulmonary valve contributes to the P2 component of the second heart sound (S2).

## Structure

The pulmonary orifice lies nearly in the horizontal plane, and is situated at a superior level than the aortic orifice.

### Cusps

At the apex of the infundibulum, the pulmonary orifice is guarded by three semilunar cusps - two anterior and one posterior, with free edges projecting upward into the lumen of pulmonary trunk. The cusps are named according to their positions during foetal development: the anterior, the posterior, and the septal cusp. The free edge of each cusp presents a fibrous nodule of semilunar cusp at the centre with two lateral thin portions, the lunule of semilunar cusp. Each cusp forms pocket like dilatation called pulmonary sinus at the initial portion of pulmonary trunk.

## Clinical significance

The right heart is a low-pressure system, so the P2 component of the second heart sound is usually softer than the A2 component of the second heart sound. However, it is physiologically normal in some young people to hear both components separated during inhalation.
# Ławy, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Ławy (German: Brügge) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Myślibórz, within Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Myślibórz and 63 km (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
The village has a population of 513.
# Raytheon Missiles & Defense

Raytheon Missiles & Defense (RMD) was one of four business segments of RTX Corporation. Headquartered in Tucson, Arizona, its president was Wes Kremer. The business produced a broad portfolio of advanced technologies, including air and missile defense systems, precision weapons, radars, and command and control systems. Raytheon Intelligence & Space was merged with Raytheon Missiles & Defense in July 2023 to form the Raytheon business segment.

## History

The business was a combination of two Raytheon Company legacy businesses, Raytheon Integrated Defense Systems (IDS) and Raytheon Missile Systems (RMS), which operated a plant formerly owned by the Hughes Aircraft Company.
Raytheon had been criticized for selling arms to Saudi Arabia that were used in the Yemen Civil War. These sales were blocked by the Obama administration in 2016 due to humanitarian concerns, a decision that was reversed by the Trump administration six months later.
On May 22, 2024, the unit was sanctioned by the Chinese government due to arms sales to Taiwan.

## Products

Key Raytheon Missiles & Defense capabilities combined key IDS and RMS capabilities. Key IDS capabilities include:
* Ground-based and sea-based radars for air and missile defense
* Navy radar and sonar
* Torpedoes and naval mine countermeasures
Key RMS capabilities include:
* Missiles and precision-guided munitions
* Drones and air-launched decoys
* Counter-drone and non-lethal directed energy weapons
* Ground vehicle sensors and weapons
* Ground based operational surveillance system
The division's products included:
* Active Denial System non-lethal millimeter wave weapon
* AGM-65 Maverick air-to-surface missile
* AGM-88 HARM air-to-surface missile
* AGM-129 ACM air-to-surface missile
* AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon air-to-surface glide bomb
* AGM-176 Griffin air-to-surface missile
* AIM-7 Sparrow air-to-air missile
** RIM-7 Sea Sparrow naval surface-to-air missile
* AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missile
* AIM-54 Phoenix air-to-air missile
* AIM-120 AMRAAM air-to-air missile
* AN/SPY-6 Air and Missile Defense Radar (AMDR) for Navy ships
* AN/TPY-2 radar for the THAAD missile defense system
* AN/AQS20C Mine hunting sonar suite
* AN/ASQ-235 Airborne Mine Neutralization System (AMNS)
* BGM-71 TOW anti-tank missile
* BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missile
* Coyote unmanned aerial system
* David's Sling Medium to long range surface-to-air/anti-ballistic missile (partner with prime contractor Rafael Advanced Defense Systems)
* Extended Range Guided Munition
* Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle anti-ICBM system
* FGM-148 Javelin anti-tank missile
* FIM-92 Stinger person-portable air defense system surface-to-air missile
* M982 Excalibur guided artillery round
* MIM-23 Hawk surface-to-air missile
* MIM-104 Patriot surface-to-air missile
* Paveway laser-guided bomb
* Phalanx CIWS naval anti-missile defense system
* RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile naval surface-to-air missile
* RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile naval surface-to-air missile
* Standard Missile family of naval missiles
** RIM-66 Standard
** RIM-67 Standard
** RIM-161 Standard Missile 3
** RIM-174 Standard ERAM
* SAM-N-2 Lark
# E.O. Siecke State Forest

The E.O. Siecke State Forest is a Texas state forest near Kirbyville, Texas. Managed by the Texas A&M Forest Service, the 1,722-acre forest reserve was the first in the state, and is managed for wildlife habitat, outdoor recreation and research into sustainable forestry and forest health practices.
On November 8, 2011, an EF1 tornado tore through the southern part of the forest along FM 82, snapping hundreds of pine trees along its path.
# Cayenne (disambiguation)

Cayenne is the capital of French Guiana.
Cayenne may also refer to:
* Cayenne pepper
* Cayenne (mascot), a "spirit leader" of the Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns
* "Cayenne" (song), by the Beatles
* Porsche Cayenne, a luxury SUV manufactured by Porsche
* Skywalk Cayenne, a German paraglider design
* Cayenne, a British band known for the 1981 song "Roberto Who..?"
Software:
* Apache Cayenne
* Cayenne (programming language)

## Other

* Isle de Cayenne, island in French Guiana
# Paul Marshall (swimmer)

Paul Marshall (28 April 1961 – 23 May 2009) was a British swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He died from cancer in 2009, and was only the second black swimmer to compete for Great Britain at the Olympics, after Kevin Burns in 1976.
# Vermilacinia robusta

Vermilacinia robusta is an olive-green fruticose lichen that occurs on rocks near ocean mist along the foggy Pacific Coast of southern California to northern Baja California and offshore islands. The epithet, robusta, was probably adopted in recognizing a more robust form of V. comboides, originally described as a variety of Ramalina combeoides by Reginald Heber Howe, Jr. in 1913.

## Distinguishing features

Vermilainia robusta is classified in the subgenus Vermilacinia in which it is easily recognized by its relatively small number basal tubular branches, generally 5–10 in number, often inflated and connected to a basal holdfast. Deflated forms can be difficult to distinguish from other related species, but generally recognized by the simple branches that are relatively broad to their short length, not more than 4 cm long, up to 6 mm in diameter. Lichen substances are typical of the subgenus: T3, zeorin, and (-)-16 α-hydroxykaurane, occasionally with salazinic acid.

## Taxonomic history

The species was first recognized as a variety of Ramalina combeoides by Reginald Heber Howe, Jr. in 1913; William Nylander had described the species in 1870. Phillip Rundel and Peter Bowler elevated it to species status in 1978 when they renamed species in the illegitimate genus Desmazieria. to Niebla The species was transferred to Vermilacinia when described in 1995, distinguished by its cortical morphology, lack of chondroid strands in the medulla, and by its lichen metabolites, notably (-)-16 α-hydroxykaurane. Peter Bowler and Janet Marsh, however, in 2004 retained the species in Niebla.
# Łazice

Łazice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czaplinek, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Czaplinek, 32 km (20 mi) east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 114 km (71 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.
# Nathan Mauger

Nathan Keith Mauger (born 8 April 1978) is a rugby union player. He spent the entirety of his Super Rugby career with the Canterbury Crusaders. He played for the All Blacks in 2002 in which he played 2 games but never played a test. He made his debut against Ireland A and played his latest game against Scotland A. His position is centre. He is the brother of All Black, Aaron Mauger. Mauger scored an NPC record 12 tries in the 2001 season for Canterbury.
As well as playing for the Crusaders, Mauger also played for Gloucester in England, Treviso in Italy and Ricoh in France. Mauger returned to Christchurch, New Zealand, in 2008 where he has started a Rugby Academy.
Nathan briefly coached the Chinese-Taipei sevens team in Taiwan on a 12-week contract from September to December 2013. He is now an assistant coach with the Sunwolves, a Japan-based side that entered Super Rugby in 2016.
# Flambeau River State Forest

Flambeau River State Forest is a 90,147 acre (364 km$^2$) unit of the Wisconsin state park system. The North and South Forks of the Flambeau River join within the park, providing over 75 miles (121 km) of mostly undeveloped river. The forest is composed of northern hardwoods. In 1973, Flambeau River Hemlock-Hardwood Forest was designated as a National Natural Landmark by the National Park Service.
# Koch, Łódź Voivodeship

Koch is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rusiec, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Rusiec, 25 km (16 mi) west of Bełchatów, and 62 km (39 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Air America

Air America may refer to:
* Air America (airline), a former civilian airline operated by the Central Intelligence Agency
* Air America, a US irregular air carrier from the 1940s and 1950s, unrelated to the CIA airline
* Air America (book), 1979 non-fiction book by Christopher Robbins
* Air America (film), a 1990 film adaptation of Robbins' book
* Air America (radio network), a former American radio network specializing in liberal talk programming
* Air America (TV series), a 1998–1999 TV series