# 1941 Philippine Senate election

Election to the Senate were held on November 11, 1941 in the Philippines. The Senate was re-instituted after amendments to the constitution restored the bicameral legislature last used in 1935.
The elected senators would start to serve only in 1945 as they were not able to take office on December 30, 1941 as Imperial Japan invaded the country on December 8, 1941 at the onset of World War II.

## Electoral system

The electorate voted with plurality block voting for the first time for the Senate; the voters have the option of writing the party name on the ballot and all 24 candidates from the party receive votes; another option is by voting individually for each candidate. Also, the former senatorial districts were not used; instead voting was done nationwide as one at-large district. The succeeding Senate elections would be held every two years, with eight seats to be disputed in every election.
The next election was to be on 1943, but due to the intervention of World War II, no elections were until 1946, where the seats supposedly up in 1943 and 1945 were disputed. The winners of the 1941 election were not seated until 1945. In the intervening years, the Second Philippine Republic, a Japanese puppet state, put up a unicameral National Assembly.

## Candidates

These were the following tickets:
Total seats up: 24 :
| Party | Party | Total |
| | Nacionalista | 24 |
| | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 24 |
| | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 23 |
| | Ganap | 22 |
| | Modernist Party (Philippines) | 11 |
| | Independent | 1 |
| Total | Total | 105 |
| Nacionalista Party (NP) | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) (PF-Sumulong) | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) (PF-Abad Santos) | Ganap Party (GP) | Modernist Party (MP) |
| Alauya Alonto | Jose Alejandrino Sr | Jose Alejandrino Sr | Wenceslao Asistido | Pedro Arteche |
| Nicolas Buendia | Jose Casal | Mariano Balgos | Sixto Bedrus | Vicente del Rosario |
| Esteban de la Rama | Pedro Coleto | Pedro C. Castro | Marcelino Chavez | Francisco Afan Delgado |
| Ramon J. Fernandez | Fernando Gardoqui | Mateo del Castillo | Alfredo Dumlao | Santiago Fonacier |
| Pedro Hernaez | Melchor Lagasca | Francisco Dematera | Jose Jabeon | Manuel Luz |
| Vicente Madrigal | Marcelino Lontok | Crisanto Evangelista | Fernando Mangson | Flora Ylagan |
| Rafael Martinez | Mamerto Manalo | Severino Izon | Vicente Pamatinat | Honorio Caringal (withdrew) |
| Quintin Paredes | Emilio Medina | Ignacio Nabong (withdrew) | Perfecto Reyes | Mariano delos Santos |
| Vicente Rama | Jose Padilla Sr. | Jose M. Nava | Florentino Subayno | Crisanto Evangelista |
| Manuel Roxas | Francisco Ramos | Datu Tampugao Pagayao | Eulalio Tolentino | Melchor Lagasca |
| Proceso Sebastian | Geronimo Santiago | Narcisa Paguibitan | Prudencio Vega | Josefa Martinez |
| Ramon Torres | Vicente Sotto | Hadji Usman | Gaudencio Bautista | — |
| Melecio Arranz | Jose M. Bayot | Angel Ancajas | Ciriaco V. Campomanes | — |
| Mariano Jesus Cuenco | Felicidad Climaco | Isabello Caballero | Esteban Coruna | — |
| Antonio de las Alas | Jose Gamboa | Severo Dava | Joaquin Flavier | — |
| Carlos P. Garcia | Eliseo Imzon | Isabelo delos Reyes Jr. | Mariano Lumbre | — |
| Domingo Imperial | Julio A. Llorente | Lino Dizon | Samson Palomares | — |
| Daniel Maramba | Sixto Lopez | Juan Feleo | Antonio Ramos | — |
| Jose Ozamiz | Angel Marin | Manuel Joven | Antipas Soriano | — |
| Elpidio Quirino | Raymundo Melliza | Norberto Nabong | Aurelio Tankeko | — |
| Claro M. Recto | Jose Palarca Sr | Jose Padilla Sr. | Ricardo Valdivia | — |
| Eulogio Rodriguez | Pablo Rocha | Antonio Paguia | Pedro Zaragosa | — |
| Emiliano Tria Tirona | Filemon Sotto | Antonio Salvador | — | — |
| Jose Yulo | Juan Villamor | — | — | — |
Independents :
* Manuel Briones

## Results

| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| Before election | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ |
| Election result | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| After election | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |

### Per candidate

While the tally of votes have been lost in history, some sources tell where each candidate finished in the tally. Claro M. Recto finished first, while Mariano Jesus Cuenco finished fifth, and Vicente Rama finished 16th.
Not all candidates of the same party finished with the same number of votes, as some voted individually per candidate, instead of just writing the party name, and some didn't complete the 24 names if they did choose to vote individually per candidate.
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Claro M. Recto | Nacionalista Party | 1,084,003 | 64.81 |
| | Manuel Roxas | Nacionalista Party | 1,076,389 | 64.36 |
| | Quintin Paredes | Nacionalista Party | 1,046,715 | 62.58 |
| | Jose Yulo | Nacionalista Party | 1,035,025 | 61.88 |
| | Elpidio Quirino | Nacionalista Party | 1,013,095 | 60.57 |
| | Antonio de las Alas | Nacionalista Party | 1,002,853 | 59.96 |
| | Emiliano Tria Tirona | Nacionalista Party | 983,740 | 58.82 |
| | Eulogio Rodriguez | Nacionalista Party | 982,144 | 58.72 |
| | Vicente Madrigal | Nacionalista Party | 977,119 | 58.42 |
| | Mariano Jesus Cuenco | Nacionalista Party | 974,683 | 58.28 |
| | Melecio Arranz | Nacionalista Party | 973,403 | 58.20 |
| | Carlos P. Garcia | Nacionalista Party | 972,034 | 58.12 |
| | Ramon Torres | Nacionalista Party | 962,836 | 57.57 |
| | Domingo Imperial | Nacionalista Party | 959,633 | 57.38 |
| | Daniel Maramba | Nacionalista Party | 959,390 | 57.36 |
| | Pedro Hernaez | Nacionalista Party | 949,238 | 56.76 |
| | Ramon J. Fernandez | Nacionalista Party | 947,798 | 56.67 |
| | Jose Ozamiz | Nacionalista Party | 947,106 | 56.63 |
| | Nicolas Buendia | Nacionalista Party | 944,315 | 56.46 |
| | Esteban de la Rama | Nacionalista Party | 937,746 | 56.07 |
| | Vicente Rama | Nacionalista Party | 934,254 | 55.86 |
| | Proceso Sebastian | Nacionalista Party | 930,179 | 55.62 |
| | Alauya Alonto | Nacionalista Party | 919,348 | 54.97 |
| | Rafael Martinez | Nacionalista Party | 871,971 | 52.14 |
| | Vicente Sotto | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 229,276 | 13.71 |
| | Filemon Sotto | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 191,815 | 11.47 |
| | Jose Alejandrino | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 128,077 | 7.66 |
| | Jose Padilla Sr. | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 127,557 | 7.63 |
| | Emilio Medina | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 125,896 | 7.53 |
| | Eliseo Imzon | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 123,540 | 7.39 |
| | Geronimo Santiago | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 120,005 | 7.18 |
| | Manuel Briones | Independent | 118,804 | 7.10 |
| | Isabelo delos Reyes Jr. | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 117,339 | 7.02 |
| | Sixto Lopez | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 116,888 | 6.99 |
| | Juan Villamor | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 116,437 | 6.96 |
| | Jose Palarca Sr | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 115,087 | 6.88 |
| | Raymundo Melliza | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 114,987 | 6.88 |
| | Arsenio Suazo | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 110,210 | 6.59 |
| | Angel Marin | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 110,007 | 6.58 |
| | Jose M. Bayot | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 109,667 | 6.56 |
| | Felicidad Climaco | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 109,610 | 6.55 |
| | Julio A. Llorente | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 109,480 | 6.55 |
| | Jose Gamboa | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 108,798 | 6.51 |
| | Pedro Coleto | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 107,365 | 6.42 |
| | Marcelino Lontok | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 104,117 | 6.23 |
| | Mamerto Manalo | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 102,798 | 6.15 |
| | Fernando Gardoqui | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 99,889 | 5.97 |
| | Crisanto Evangelista | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 97,554 | 5.83 |
| | Norberto Nabong | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 97,231 | 5.81 |
| | Juan Feleo | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 96,740 | 5.78 |
| | Jose M. Nava | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 94,887 | 5.67 |
| | Angel Ancajas | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 91,005 | 5.44 |
| | Lino Dizon | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 88,547 | 5.29 |
| | Jose Casal | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 85,403 | 5.11 |
| | Pablo Rocha | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 84,996 | 5.08 |
| | Melchor Lagasca | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 82,009 | 4.90 |
| | Antonio Paguia | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 80,468 | 4.81 |
| | Mateo del Castillo | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 79,368 | 4.75 |
| | Severino Izon | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 76,682 | 4.58 |
| | Antonio Salvador | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 76,413 | 4.57 |
| | Hadji Usman | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 76,397 | 4.57 |
| | Pedro C. Castro | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 75,558 | 4.52 |
| | Francisco Dematera | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 68,773 | 4.11 |
| | Isabello Caballero | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 67,588 | 4.04 |
| | Perfecto Reyes | Ganap Party | 65,002 | 3.89 |
| | Mariano P. Balgos | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 64,799 | 3.87 |
| | Alfredo Dumlao | Ganap Party | 64,553 | 3.86 |
| | Manuel Joven | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 62,006 | 3.71 |
| | Severo Dava | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 61,956 | 3.70 |
| | Ciriaco V. Campomanes | Ganap Party | 57,440 | 3.43 |
| | Vicente Pamatinat | Ganap Party | 55,211 | 3.30 |
| | Ricardo Valdivia | Ganap Party | 55,044 | 3.29 |
| | Narcisa Paguibitan | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 54,632 | 3.27 |
| | Francisco Ramos | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 54,189 | 3.24 |
| | Datu Tampugao Pagayao | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 53,953 | 3.23 |
| | Samson Palomares | Ganap Party | 50,489 | 3.02 |
| | Esteban Coruna | Ganap Party | 50,113 | 3.00 |
| | Fernando Mangson | Ganap Party | 48,770 | 2.92 |
| | Eulalio Tolentino | Ganap Party | 48,502 | 2.90 |
| | Prudencio Vega | Ganap Party | 47,822 | 2.86 |
| | Antipas Soriano | Ganap Party | 47,347 | 2.83 |
| | Francisco Robles | Ganap Party | 46,883 | 2.80 |
| | Jose Jabeon | Ganap Party | 45,984 | 2.75 |
| | Joaquin Flavier | Ganap Party | 44,980 | 2.69 |
| | Pedro Zaragosa | Ganap Party | 44,669 | 2.67 |
| | Francisco Afan Delgado | Modernist Party | 41,890 | 2.50 |
| | Antonio Ramos | Ganap Party | 40,008 | 2.39 |
| | Aurelio Tankeko | Ganap Party | 37,965 | 2.27 |
| | Sixto Bedrus | Ganap Party | 37,714 | 2.25 |
| | Santiago Fonacier | Modernist Party | 37,503 | 2.24 |
| | Gaudencio Bautista | Ganap Party | 36,912 | 2.21 |
| | Mariano Lumbre | Ganap Party | 36,715 | 2.20 |
| | Flora Ylagan | Modernist Party | 34,730 | 2.08 |
| | Wenceslao Asistido | Ganap Party | 32,803 | 1.96 |
| | Marcelino Chavez | Ganap Party | 30,058 | 1.80 |
| | Florentino Subayno | Ganap Party | 28,447 | 1.70 |
| | Josefina Martinez | Modernist Party | 25,596 | 1.53 |
| | Pedro Arteche | Modernist Party | 23,441 | 1.40 |
| | Manuel Luz | Modernist Party | 20,004 | 1.20 |
| | Vicente del Rosario | Modernist Party | 13,259 | 0.79 |
| | Mariano delos Santos | Modernist Party | 11,446 | 0.68 |
| | Honorio Caringal | Modernist Party | 0 | 0.00 |
| | Ignacio Nabong | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 0 | 0.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | 29,235,120 | 100.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 1,672,504 | – |
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Detained for collaboration with the Japanese and were not able to take office.
* ↑ Substituted for Norberto Romualdez who died a few days before the election.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 The Popular Front was split into two wings: those who supported Pedro Abad Santos or the "Abad Santos wing" and those who supported Juan Sumulong or the "Sumulong wing".
* 1 2 Withdrew

### Per party

Seats :
| | Nacionalista Party | 23,385,017 | 79.99 | 24 |
| | Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 2,888,103 | 9.88 | 0 |
| | Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 1,581,896 | 5.41 | 0 |
| | Ganap Party | 1,053,431 | 3.60 | 0 |
| | Modernist Party | 207,869 | 0.71 | 0 |
| | Independent | 118,804 | 0.41 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 29,235,120 | 100.00 | 24 |
| Source: Julio Teehankee. "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). quezon.ph. (Seat totals) |||||