OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tristan Ballance

Tristan George Lance Ballance MC (21 April 1916 – 4 December 1943) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer. Ballance attended the University of Oxford, where he played first-class cricket for Oxford University Cricket Club from 1935–37. After graduating he became a schoolteacher, before serving in the Second World War with the Durham Light Infantry. He died of wounds sustained in action in December 1943, three months after being decorated with the Military Cross.

## Early life and first-class cricket

Son to Sir Hamilton Ashley Ballance and his wife, Ruth Ballance (née Barrett), he was born at Norwich in April 1916. He was educated at Uppingham School, before going up to Brasenose College, Oxford. While studying at Oxford, he made his debut in first-class cricket for Oxford University against Worcestershire at Oxford in 1935. He made nine appearances for Oxford in 1935, taking 27 wickets at an average of 35.96, with best figures of 5 for 30. He gained his blue in his debut season. A generally expensive bowler, Ballance lost his place in the Oxford side during the 1936 season, making just three appearances. He regained his place in the Oxford side for the 1937 season, making ten appearances and taking 28 wickets at an average of 27.12, with best figures of 5 for 42. Ballance made a total of 23 first-class appearances for Oxford, taking 61 wickets with his slow left-arm orthodox bowling, at an average of 30.73. A tailend batsman, Ballance scored 190 runs and had one innings of note, making 63 against Leicestershire in 1936.
In addition to playing first-class cricket, Ballance also played minor counties cricket for Norfolk from 1932–39, making fifty appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. After graduating from Oxford, he became a schoolteacher at Brighton College. While teaching at the college he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the college contingent of the Officers' Training Corps.

## Second world war service

Ballance served in the Second World War with the 16th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry (DLI), being commissioned in May 1940. His service number was 73434. He was awarded the Military Cross (MC) for gallant and distinguished service with 16 DLI during the Battle of Sedjenane, in early March 1943, at which point he held the temporary rank of captain. His was the 16th Battalion Durham Light Infantry's first Military Cross of the war. He took part in the Italian Campaign, landing at Salerno with 16 DLI in September 1943. He died of wounds sustained in actions against the Winter Line near Monte Cassino on 4 December 1943. He was buried at the Minturno War Cemetery. His elder brother, Ivor, had been killed the previous year while serving with the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve aboard HMS Trinidad.
# John Baker (cricketer)

John Baker (born 18 May 1933) is an English former first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.
Baker made his first-class debut for Somerset in the 1952 County Championship against Lancashire. From 1952 to 1954, he represented Somerset in nine first-class matches, with his final match for the county coming against Warwickshire. In his nine matches he scored 105 runs at a batting average of 10.50, with a highest score of 26 not out.
In 1955, Baker made his first-class debut for Oxford University against Yorkshire. During 1955, he played five first-class matches for the university, with his final first-class match coming against Worcestershire. In his five matches he scored 221 runs at an average of 36.83, with a single half-century of 91 not out against Free Foresters. With the ball, he took seven wickets at a bowling average of 28.42, with best figures of 2/26.
Baker played an additional first-class match for the Combined Services in 1956 against Glamorgan.
Baker made his debut for Dorset in the 1960 Minor Counties Championship against Berkshire. He represented Dorset in 100 Minor Counties Championship matches from 1960 to 1971, his final match coming against Oxfordshire. In 1968, he played his only List-A match for Dorset against Bedfordshire in the 1968 Gillette Cup. John died in 2015 aged 81 in Blandford Forum Dorset.
# Francis Appleyard

Francis Appleyard (26 September 1905 – 12 October 1971) was an English first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-fast bowler. He was born in Clifton, Yorkshire and died in Stevenage.
Appleyard began his Minor Counties career playing for Hertfordshire in 1931, and continued to play Minor Counties cricket until the outbreak of the Second World War. He made his first-class cricketing debut in 1939 for Minor Counties. During the war, Appleyard made ten appearances for a British Empire XI against various assembled teams.
Appleyard made his County Championship debut in the 1946 season, for Essex. A steady fast-medium bowler, Appleyard had best bowling figures of 5 for 14. He made four further first-class appearances during 1947, a season which once again saw Essex under-perform in the County Championship and he did not play again in the County Championship beyond this season.
Appleyard made just one further first-class appearance, for the Marylebone Cricket Club against Minor Counties, in 1950.
Appleyard's sons, Peter and John, both played cricket for Hertfordshire.
# William Anderson (cricketer, born 1909)

William Alexander Anderson (28 July 1909 – 21 April 1975) was an English cricketer who played a single first-class cricket game for Free Foresters against Cambridge University Cricket Club in 1946.
# Antony Allen

Antony William Allen (22 December 1912 – 21 December 2003) was an English first-class cricketer.
Allen was educated at Eton and Magdalene College, Cambridge. A right-handed batsman, he played 35 matches for Cambridge University from 1932 to 1934, Northamptonshire County Cricket Club from 1932 to 1936, Marylebone Cricket Club in 1934 and the Free Foresters in 1946 and 1947. He scored 4 first-class centuries, with a highest innings of 144 against Sussex. He also scored 142 against Glamorgan.
# Mark Alexander (cricketer)

Mark Steven Alexander (born 5 April 1962) is an English first-class cricketer. Alexander is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break and who formerly played primarily as a wicketkeeper. He was born at Farnborough, Kent.
Alexander represented the Kent Cricket Board in List A cricket. His debut List A game came against Denmark in the 1999 NatWest Trophy. From 1999 to 2001, he represented the Board in 9 List A matches, the last of which came against the Leicestershire Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2001. In his 9 List A matches, he scored 182 runs at a batting average of 26.00, with a single century high score of 107*. Behind the stumps he took 4 catches and made a single stumping.
He currently plays club cricket for Tunbridge Wells Cricket Club in the Kent Cricket League.
# Trigger strategy

In game theory, a trigger strategy is any of a class of strategies employed in a repeated non-cooperative game. A player using a trigger strategy initially cooperates but punishes the opponent if a certain level of defection (i.e., the trigger) is observed.
The level of punishment and the sensitivity of the trigger vary with different trigger strategies.

## Trigger strategies

* Grim trigger (the punishment continues indefinitely after the other player defects just once)
* Tit for tat (the punishment continues as long as the other player defects)
* Tit for two tats (a more forgiving variant of tit for tat)
# Ibrahim Aboubacar

Ibrahim Aboubacar (born 1 February 1965) is a French politician who was the French National Assembly deputy for Mayotte's 2nd constituency from 2012 to 2017.

## Biography

Aboubacar was born on 1 February 1965 in Fomboni on the island of Mohéli, the Comoros. He and his family lived in Moroni until the Comoros gained independence in 1975, when they moved to Sada, Mayotte.
His family sent him to Réunion for secondary schooling, then he went to Paris to study engineering at l'École spéciale des travaux publics (ESTP) with the goal of returning to help improve Mayotte.
Aboubacar returned to Mayotte in 1990 where he worked in an urban planning agency for five years. During this time, he was involved in trade union activism and eventually became the spokesperson for the Mayotte Workers' Union before entering politics during the 1992 municipal elections.
Elected successively to the position of economic and social adviser of Mayotte from 1999 to 2004, and city councillor in the commune of Sada from 2008 to 2012, Aboubacar was elected as the 1st vice-president of the Departmental Council of Mayotte in 2012. He left the role soon after, when he was elected, as a member of the Socialist Party, to the post of deputy of Mayotte's second constituency in the same year. After one term he was eliminated in the first round of the 2017 French legislative election, finishing in third place with 11.37% of votes. His constituency was won in the second round by former deputy, Republican candidate Mansour Kamardine.

## Political views

Aboubacar's activity in politics is particularly concerned with the social and economic development of Mayotte, as he believes that the process of departmentalisation in Mayotte has not yet been completed.
In contrast to the majority of his party, Aboubacar argues for a restriction on obtaining French nationality for children born in Mayotte to illegal immigrants, as a means of "combatting smuggling networks, which are hiding all sorts of trafficking".
Aboubacar also calls for the Departmental Council of Mayotte to change the status of Port de Longoni in Longoni, Mayotte, to a major port of France.
# Andy Afford

John Andrew Afford (born 12 May 1964) is a former English first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a left-arm slow bowler who played for Nottinghamshire. He is now a businessman.
Afford made his first-class debut for Nottinghamshire against Oxford University, during the 1984 season, appearing in single game during the 1984 County Championship season, but it wasn't until two years later that he would get a regular first-team place, playing just two County Championship games during the 1985 season. He played in the Second XI Championship in 1987 and 1988 and returned to play several matches for the first team in 1989.
Afford started the following season promisingly, making the selection for an England A fixture against Zimbabwe in 1990 which the team won by nine wickets. He finished the year being awarded his cap.
In 1991 the team's Second XI flourished, winning the Second XI Trophy with Afford putting in a strong bowling performance along the way to Nottinghamshire's top placing in the North Zone, and taking the wicket of Ali Brown in the final. Afford was now regularly partnered by former England Test spinner Eddie Hemmings.
Afford took 468 first-class wickets, including hauls of 10 wickets in a match on two occasions, and five-wicket hauls on sixteen occasions, with his best haul of 6-51 coming against Lancashire. The two ten-wicket innings came against Kent and Sussex.
Afford was editor of All Out Cricket between 2002 and 2011, nominated as one of the British Society of Magazine Editors (BSME) sports editors of the year in 2011 and worked as publishing director of The Cricketer magazine.
In 2016, Afford co-founded Nottingham-based creative agency STENCIL with Sam Bowles. He is currently managing director and leads on projects in sport, music and food & drink.
# Germany Abolishes Itself

Germany Abolishes Itself: How We're Putting Our Country in Jeopardy (German title: Deutschland schafft sich ab: Wie wir unser Land aufs Spiel setzen) is a 2010 book by Thilo Sarrazin.

## Themes

According to John Judis, Sarrazin argued for restricting Muslim immigration to Germany on the grounds that Muslims who had immigrated to Germany from Turkey and other Muslim countries had failed to assimilate into German society, lived culturally separate lives in densely Muslim neighborhoods, and that two thirds of Germany's Muslim immigrants were on welfare.
Sarrazin argued that if immigration continued, Germany would, over time, become a predominantly Muslim country.

## Publication

The book "shot to the top of the bestseller list;" It held the #1 spot on the German bestseller list for 21 weeks, selling 1.5 million copies, and becoming "Germany's best selling political nonfiction book, by a German author, of the decade."

## Reception

The book sparked heated debate. Turkish-born social scientist Necla Kelek argued that Sarrazin's ideas on education and immigration should be debated, without condemning him, and that the political class declines to engage with his arguments.
Journalist Simon Kuper has argued that, with over 1 million copies sold, Sarrazin had done more to publicize the concept of Eurabia than anybody else in Europe.
# Ben Potter

Benny Potter (May 18, 1984 – June 8, 2024), also known as Comicstorian, was an American internet personality who posted commentary about comic books, primarily Marvel Comics and DC Comics, on YouTube.
Potter was born on May 18, 1984, and grew up in Rhode Island; his interest in comic books began from reading those that his father collected. He later stopped reading comics after the Clone Saga became too convoluted for him to follow. In the mid-2000s, he was deployed to Afghanistan and worked at a military hospital, serving as a United States Infantry soldier, where he started reading comics again because 52 was easier to understand. After retiring from the military, he began the Comicstorian channel in 2014. The idea for the channel came from his struggles to get back into comics and his wife wanting to understand superhero movies without having to read the comics. At the time of his death, his channel had over three million subscribers.
Additionally, Potter ran several others channels, including Eligible Monster Gaming and Mangastorian. He also created and hosted the Weekly Pull podcast.
Potter died in a car accident on Interstate 25 in Colorado on June 8, 2024, at the age of 40, when his car crossed off the road and flipped several times. The team behind the channel stated that they would continue it in some capacity despite his death.
# Gianni De Fraja

Gianni De Fraja (born 9 April 1960) is an Italian academic, who is professor of economics at the University of Nottingham and a Research Fellow (CEPR). De Fraja was born in Bologna, where he spent the first five years of his life, before moving to Bassano del Grappa and then on to Mestre, near Venice, where he lived until he was eighteen. He attended SSSUP college in Pisa from which he graduated in 1982. He then moved to a house near the Chianti Hills, near Vagliagli, where he took his doctorate at Siena with a thesis on game theory. After a year in Siena, he was encouraged by his teachers to go abroad and so went to England in Linacre College, Oxford. After two years in Oxford, he returned to Italy for military service in the Italian Army. After a year, he returned to complete his thesis on oligopolistic competition.
Since finishing his studies in Oxford, De Frajahas taken up academic positions in the universities of Leicester, Bristol, and York. He has also been on academic trips to Tokyo, Bonn, and Barcelona. After thirteen years in York, he is now settled in Leicester, with two daughters and a son. Between 1999 and 2005, he was Managing Editor of the Bulletin of Economic Research. His research interests are in the areas of public economics, economics of education, regulation, and game theory. He has published papers in, among others, Journal of Public Economics, International Economic Review, Review of Economic Studies, Economic Journal, Journal of Political Economy, and Oxford Economic Papers. De Fraja considers himself a bright. He has been elected head of the Department of Economics at the University of Leicester and began his mandate in September 2008. In 2011, he was replaced as head of department by Stephen Hall.
# Feliz Navidad (José Feliciano album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
Feliz Navidad is a Christmas album by singer/songwriter José Feliciano. Originally titled José Feliciano and released in 1970 on vinyl record, 8-track tape & cassette tape by RCA Victor, it was reissued on CD in 1989 by RCA/BMG Heritage with all the songs of the original album (Christmas classics and Feliciano's famous composition "Feliz Navidad") plus three original songs added and recorded by Feliciano but never released on the original vinyl album ("Las Posadas", "Santa Claus Is Coming To Town" and "O Come All Ye Faithful").
Each year at Christmas time, this CD is on the BMG music catalog, and the song "Feliz Navidad" has become one of the most downloaded and aired Christmas songs in the US, awarded by ASCAP as one of the top 25 Christmas songs most played and recorded around the world.

## Track listing

* "Feliz Navidad"
* "Jingle Bells" (Instrumental)
* "The Christmas Song"
* "The First Noel" (Instrumental)
* "The Cherry Tree Carol"
* "The Little Drummer Boy"
* "White Christmas" (Instrumental)
* "We Three Kings Of Orient Are" (Instrumental)
* "Mary's Little Boy Child"
* "It Came Upon a Midnight Clear" (Instrumental)
* "Silent Night"
* "Hark, The Herald Angels Sing" (Instrumental)
Bonus Tracks 2002 edition:
* "Las Posadas"
* "Santa Claus Is Coming to Town" (Instrumental)
* "O Come All Ye Faithful" (Instrumental)

## Charts

Chart performance for Feliz Navidad :
| Chart (1970–2025) | Peak position |
| Canadian Albums (Billboard) | 30 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 41 |
| US Billboard 200 | 38 |
| US Top Holiday Albums (Billboard) | 18 |
# Mondaine

Mondaine is the trademark for a series of watches made by the Swiss company Mondaine Watch Ltd. The company was founded by Erwin Bernheim. Initially, he exported wristwatches manufactured by different Swiss watchmakers. Subsequently, he started manufacturing lever watches at Remonta AG, a subsidiary of Mondaine in Biberist, Switzerland.
Its line of Mondaine watches are heavily influenced by classical Swiss railway clocks, called the Official Swiss Railways Watch / SBB, with the design licensed from the Swiss Federal Railways in 1986. This design, by Hans Hilfiker, originated in 1944.
The original movement was unlike other watches and unique because of the following fact: By spreading 58 seconds over the 360 degrees (rather than the usual 60 seconds), the second hand comes to a complete stop at the 12 numeral for two seconds, giving the illusion that time has stopped. Then, the minute hand advances one step and the second hand starts a new cycle. However, the company stopped making models with this mechanism around 2001. In 2013, a redesigned model was launched under the name stop2go. In keeping with how the movement itself works, the crown is shaped like a rocker switch that you flip back and forth instead of winding.
In 2006, Mondaine purchased a 50% stake of American Luminox company, giving Mondaine increased access to the American market, and Luminox increased access to the European and Asian markets. The speciality of Luminox watches is their self-powered luminous readability at night using miniature Tritium devices manufactured by mb-microtec, another Swiss company. In 2016, Mondaine took over the remaining part of the Luminox company and manufactured these watches in Switzerland using the Swiss made label. Luminox watches became a major part of revenues for the Mondaine Group in 2020.
Additionally, Mondaine offers a selection of models inspired by modern art and markets fashionable watches under the Pierre Cardin brand.

## Controversy over Apple iPad's iOS 6 clock design

In 2012, Apple's iPad clock design in iOS 6 resembled a trademarked design created in 1944 by SBB employee Hans Hilfiker, which is now licensed to Mondaine. Upon threat of lawsuit from Mondaine, Apple agreed to settle the matter out of court. Apple paid 22.5 million Swiss Francs to Swiss Federal Railways to license the design for use in their iPad clock.
# P.C. Josser

P.C. Josser is a 1931 British comedy film directed by Milton Rosmer and starring Ernie Lotinga, Robert Douglas and Garry Marsh. It was made by Gainsborough Pictures at the Islington Studios in London. It is sometimes confused with another film Doctor Josser K.C. which was released the same year.
The film is based on a 1926 stage play The Police Force, written by Lotinga himself, about a discharged policeman who is able to prevent dishonesty in the horseracing world.

## Cast

* Ernie Lotinga as Jimmy Josser
* Jack Frost as Nobby
* Maisie Darrell as Violet Newsome
* Robert Douglas as Dick Summers
* Garry Marsh as Carson
* Max Avieson as Travers
# Jagathalapratapan

Jagathalapratapan is a 1944 Indian Tamil-language film starring P. U. Chinnappa and M. S. Sarojini. A film adaptation of a folk tale "12 Minister's Tale", the film also features P. B. Rangachari, M. R. Santhanalakshmi and N. S. Krishnan playing supporting roles. The film revolves around the theme of a prince who through his talents wins over several girls and marries them. The film was released on 13 April 1944 and became a box-office success and established Chinnappa as one of the top stars in Tamil cinema.

## Plot

Jagathalapratapan is a prince who is to be punished from his kingdom for expressing his desire for four celestial maidens: Indrani, Nagakumari, Agnikumari and Varunakumari. However, he escapes punishment and roams in disguise in the company of a friend when he meets a damsel who is Indirakumari in disguise. He marries her and settles down in a kingdom whose king falls in love with his wife and sends the prince away to Nagaloka in order to covet her. Jagathalapratapan, however, succeeds in finding Nagakumari in Nagaloka, Agnikumari in Agniloka and Varunakumari in Varunaloka and succeeds in winning them as wives.

## Production

After the success of Aryamala (1941) and Sivakavi (1943), K. S. Narayana Iyengar and S. M. Sriramulu Naidu launched their next production under the Pakshiraja Films banner at Central Studios, titled Jagathalapratapan. The snake dance performed by Baby Kamala was popular. There was also a dance by the famous duo Yogambal-Mangalam. These dances were choreographed by V. B. Ramaiah Pillai. The final reel length of the film was 6,003 metres (19,695 ft).

## Soundtrack

The songs were composed by G. Ramanathan and lyrics were written by Papanasam Sivan. The song "Thaayai Paniveneh" was not recorded in gramophone due to the length of the song. In this song sequence, Chinnappa sings like it's being rendered in a concert, with the accompanists playing the violin, mridangam, ghatam and ‘konnakol', all played by Chinnappa himself who appears in a single frame.

## Release

Jagathalapratapan was released on 13 April 1944. The film became a commercial success and established Chinnappa as a top star of Tamil cinema, with some critics equating him with Thyagaraja Bhagavathar. Randor Guy wrote that film is remembered for the interesting storyline, song and dance numbers, and Chinnappa's impressive performance. In 1947, the film was re-released after being partially colourised.
# Fob

Fob or FOB may refer to:

## Entertainment

* FOB (play), a 1981 play by David Henry Hwang
* Fall Out Boy, an American rock band

## Fashion and technology

* Fob pocket
* Key fob
* USB fob
* Watch fob

## Medicine

* Fecal occult blood
* Follow-on biologics

## Military

* Forward operating base
* Fractional Orbital Bombardment

## Other uses

* Federation of Revolutionary Syndicalist Organizations of Brazil
* FOB (shipping), or Free on Board, an Incoterm
* Federal Office Building (disambiguation)
* Fixed odds betting terminal
* Fob James (born 1934), former governor of Alabama
* Fresh off the boat
# Cervula

Cervula or Cervulus was a Roman festival celebrated on the kalends of January (1 January). According to Chambers (1864), remnants seem to have been incorporated into a medieval Christian Feast of the Ass, (Festum Asinorum), which honors the role of donkeys in the Bible, including the Flight into Egypt.