# List of elements by atomic properties

This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by atomic number (Z).
Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.

## Table

| Z | Name | Symbol | Average atomic mass | Electronegativity (Pauling) | First Ionization Energy (eV) | Radii (pm) | Radii (pm) | Radii (pm) | Valence electrons |
| Z | Name | Symbol | Average atomic mass | Electronegativity (Pauling) | First Ionization Energy (eV) | Atomic | Van der Waals | Covalent | Valence electrons |
| 1 | Hydrogen | H | 1.008 | 2.2 | 13.59844 | 25 | 120 | 38 | 1 |
| 2 | Helium | He | 4.002602(2) | — | 24.58741 | 31 | 140 | 32 | 2 |
| 3 | Lithium | Li | 6.941(2) | 0.98 | 5.39172 | 145 | 182 | 134 | 1 |
| 4 | Beryllium | Be | 9.012182(3) | 1.57 | 9.3227 | 105 | — | 90 | 2 |
| 5 | Boron | B | 10.811(7) | 2.04 | 8.29803 | 85 | — | 82 | 3 |
| 6 | Carbon | C | 12.0107(8) | 2.55 | 11.2603 | 70 | 170 | 77 | 4 |
| 7 | Nitrogen | N | 14.0067(2) | 3.04 | 14.53414 | 65 | 155 | 75 | 5 |
| 8 | Oxygen | O | 15.9994(3) | 3.44 | 13.61806 | 60 | 152 | 73 | 6 |
| 9 | Fluorine | F | 18.9984032(5) | 3.98 | 17.42282 | 50 | 147 | 71 | 7 |
| 10 | Neon | Ne | 20.1797(6) | — | 21.5646 | 38 | 154 | 69 | 8 |
| 11 | Sodium | Na | 22.98976928(2) | 0.93 | 5.13908 | 180 | 227 | 154 | 1 |
| 12 | Magnesium | Mg | 24.3050(6) | 1.31 | 7.64624 | 150 | 173 | 130 | 2 |
| 13 | Aluminium | Al | 26.9815386(8) | 1.61 | 5.98577 | 125 | — | 118 | 3 |
| 14 | Silicon | Si | 28.0855(3) | 1.9 | 8.15169 | 110 | 210 | 111 | 4 |
| 15 | Phosphorus | P | 30.973762(2) | 2.19 | 10.48669 | 100 | 180 | 106 | 5 |
| 16 | Sulfur | S | 32.065(5) | 2.58 | 10.36001 | 100 | 180 | 102 | 6 |
| 17 | Chlorine | Cl | 35.453(2) | 3.16 | 12.96764 | 100 | 175 | 99 | 7 |
| 18 | Argon | Ar | 39.948(1) | — | 15.75962 | 71 | 188 | 97 | 8 |
| 19 | Potassium | K | 39.0983(1) | 0.82 | 4.34066 | 220 | 275 | 196 | 1 |
| 20 | Calcium | Ca | 40.078(4) | 1 | 6.11316 | 180 | — | 174 | 2 |
| 21 | Scandium | Sc | 44.955912(6) | 1.36 | 6.5615 | 160 | — | 144 | 2 |
| 22 | Titanium | Ti | 47.867(1) | 1.54 | 6.8281 | 140 | — | 136 | 2 |
| 23 | Vanadium | V | 50.9415(1) | 1.63 | 6.7462 | 135 | — | 125 | 2 |
| 24 | Chromium | Cr | 51.9961(6) | 1.66 | 6.7665 | 140 | — | 127 | 1 |
| 25 | Manganese | Mn | 54.938045(5) | 1.55 | 7.43402 | 140 | — | 139 | 2 |
| 26 | Iron | Fe | 55.845(2) | 1.83 | 7.9024 | 140 | — | 125 | 2 |
| 27 | Cobalt | Co | 58.933195(5) | 1.91 | 7.6398 | 135 | 163 | 121 | 2 |
| 28 | Nickel | Ni | 58.6934(4) | 1.88 | 7.881 | 135 | — | 126 | 2 |
| 29 | Copper | Cu | 63.546(3) | 1.9 | 7.72638 | 135 | 140 | 138 | 1 |
| 30 | Zinc | Zn | 65.38(2) | 1.65 | 9.3942 | 135 | 139 | 131 | 2 |
| 31 | Gallium | Ga | 69.723(1) | 1.81 | 5.9993 | 130 | 187 | 126 | 3 |
| 32 | Germanium | Ge | 72.63(1) | 2.01 | 7.8994 | 125 | — | 122 | 4 |
| 33 | Arsenic | As | 74.92160(2) | 2.18 | 9.7886 | 115 | 185 | 119 | 5 |
| 34 | Selenium | Se | 78.96(3) | 2.55 | 9.75238 | 115 | 190 | 116 | 6 |
| 35 | Bromine | Br | 79.904(1) | 2.96 | 11.81381 | 115 | 185 | 114 | 7 |
| 36 | Krypton | Kr | 83.798(2) | 3 | 13.99961 | 88 | 202 | 110 | 8 |
| 37 | Rubidium | Rb | 85.4678(3) | 0.82 | 4.17713 | 235 | — | 211 | 1 |
| 38 | Strontium | Sr | 87.62(1) | 0.95 | 5.6949 | 200 | — | 192 | 2 |
| 39 | Yttrium | Y | 88.90585(2) | 1.22 | 6.2171 | 180 | — | 162 | 2 |
| 40 | Zirconium | Zr | 91.224(2) | 1.33 | 6.6339 | 155 | — | 148 | 2 |
| 41 | Niobium | Nb | 92.90638(2) | 1.6 | 6.75885 | 145 | — | 137 | 1 |
| 42 | Molybdenum | Mo | 95.96(2) | 2.16 | 7.09243 | 145 | — | 145 | 1 |
| 43 | Technetium | Tc | [98] | 1.9 | 7.28 | 135 | — | 156 | 1 |
| 44 | Ruthenium | Ru | 101.07(2) | 2.2 | 7.3605 | 130 | — | 126 | 1 |
| 45 | Rhodium | Rh | 102.90550(2) | 2.28 | 7.4589 | 135 | — | 135 | 1 |
| 46 | Palladium | Pd | 106.42(1) | 2.2 | 8.3369 | 140 | 163 | 131 |
| 47 | Silver | Ag | 107.8682(2) | 1.93 | 7.5762 | 160 | 172 | 153 | 1 |
| 48 | Cadmium | Cd | 112.411(8) | 1.69 | 8.9938 | 155 | 158 | 148 | 2 |
| 49 | Indium | In | 114.818(3) | 1.78 | 5.78636 | 155 | 193 | 144 | 3 |
| 50 | Tin | Sn | 118.710(7) | 1.96 | 7.3439 | 145 | 217 | 141 | 4 |
| 51 | Antimony | Sb | 121.760(1) | 2.05 | 8.6084 | 145 | — | 138 | 5 |
| 52 | Tellurium | Te | 127.60(3) | 2.1 | 9.0096 | 140 | 206 | 135 | 6 |
| 53 | Iodine | I | 126.90447(3) | 2.66 | 10.45126 | 140 | 198 | 133 | 7 |
| 54 | Xenon | Xe | 131.293(6) | 2.6 | 12.1298 | 108 | 216 | 130 | 8 |
| 55 | Caesium | Cs | 132.9054519(2) | 0.79 | 3.8939 | 260 | — | 225 | 1 |
| 56 | Barium | Ba | 137.327(7) | 0.89 | 5.2117 | 215 | — | 198 | 2 |
| 57 | Lanthanum | La | 138.90547(7) | 1.1 | 5.5769 | 195 | — | 169 | 2 |
| 58 | Cerium | Ce | 140.116(1) | 1.12 | 5.5387 | 185 | — | — | 2 |
| 59 | Praseodymium | Pr | 140.90765(2) | 1.13 | 5.473 | 185 | — | — | 2 |
| 60 | Neodymium | Nd | 144.242(3) | 1.14 | 5.525 | 185 | — | — | 2 |
| 61 | Promethium | Pm | [145] | — | 5.582 | 185 | — | — | 2 |
| 62 | Samarium | Sm | 150.36(2) | 1.17 | 5.6436 | 185 | — | — | 2 |
| 63 | Europium | Eu | 151.964(1) | — | 5.6704 | 185 | — | — | 2 |
| 64 | Gadolinium | Gd | 157.25(3) | 1.2 | 6.1501 | 180 | — | — | 2 |
| 65 | Terbium | Tb | 158.92535(2) | — | 5.8638 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 66 | Dysprosium | Dy | 162.500(1) | 1.22 | 5.9389 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 67 | Holmium | Ho | 164.93032(2) | 1.23 | 6.0215 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 68 | Erbium | Er | 167.259(3) | 1.24 | 6.1077 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 69 | Thulium | Tm | 168.93421(2) | 1.25 | 6.18431 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 70 | Ytterbium | Yb | 173.054(5) | — | 6.25416 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 71 | Lutetium | Lu | 174.9668(1) | 1.27 | 5.4259 | 175 | — | 160 | 2 |
| 72 | Hafnium | Hf | 178.49(2) | 1.3 | 6.82507 | 155 | — | 150 | 2 |
| 73 | Tantalum | Ta | 180.94788(2) | 1.5 | 7.5496 | 145 | — | 138 | 2 |
| 74 | Tungsten | W | 183.84(1) | 2.36 | 7.864 | 135 | — | 146 | 2 |
| 75 | Rhenium | Re | 186.207(1) | 1.9 | 7.8335 | 135 | — | 159 | 2 |
| 76 | Osmium | Os | 190.23(3) | 2.2 | 8.4382 | 130 | — | 128 | 2 |
| 77 | Iridium | Ir | 192.217(3) | 2.2 | 8.967 | 135 | — | 137 | 2 |
| 78 | Platinum | Pt | 195.084(9) | 2.28 | 8.9587 | 135 | 175 | 128 | 1 |
| 79 | Gold | Au | 196.966569(4) | 2.54 | 9.2255 | 135 | 166 | 144 | 1 |
| 80 | Mercury | Hg | 200.59(2) | 2 | 10.4375 | 150 | 155 | 149 | 2 |
| 81 | Thallium | Tl | 204.3833(2) | 1.62 | 6.1082 | 190 | 196 | 148 | 3 |
| 82 | Lead | Pb | 207.2(1) | 2.33 | 7.41666 | 180 | 202 | 147 | 4 |
| 83 | Bismuth | Bi | 208.98040(1) | 2.02 | 7.2856 | 160 | — | 146 | 5 |
| 84 | Polonium | Po | [209] | 2 | 8.417 | 190 | — | — | 6 |
| 85 | Astatine | At | [210] | 2.2 | | — | — | — | 7 |
| 86 | Radon | Rn | [222] | — | 10.7485 | 120 | — | 145 | 8 |
| 87 | Francium | Fr | [223] | 0.7 | 4.0727 | — | — | — | 1 |
| 88 | Radium | Ra | [226] | 0.9 | 5.2784 | 215 | — | — | 2 |
| 89 | Actinium | Ac | [227] | 1.1 | 5.17 | 195 | — | — | 2 |
| 90 | Thorium | Th | 232.03806(2) | 1.3 | 6.3067 | 180 | — | — | 2 |
| 91 | Protactinium | Pa | 231.03588(2) | 1.5 | 5.89 | 180 | — | — | 2 |
| 92 | Uranium | U | 238.02891(3) | 1.38 | 6.19405 | 175 | 186 | — | 2 |
| 93 | Neptunium | Np | [237] | 1.36 | 6.2657 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 94 | Plutonium | Pu | [244] | 1.28 | 6.0262 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 95 | Americium | Am | [243] | 1.3 | 5.9738 | 175 | — | — | 2 |
| 96 | Curium | Cm | [247] | 1.3 | 5.9915 | | | | 2 |
| 97 | Berkelium | Bk | [247] | 1.3 | 6.1979 | | | | 2 |
| 98 | Californium | Cf | [251] | 1.3 | 6.2817 | | | | 2 |
| 99 | Einsteinium | Es | [252] | 1.3 | 6.42 | | | | 2 |
| 100 | Fermium | Fm | [257] | 1.3 | 6.5 | | | | 2 |
| 101 | Mendelevium | Md | [258] | 1.3 | 6.58 | | | | 2 |
| 102 | Nobelium | No | [259] | 1.3 | 6.65 | | | | 2 |
| 103 | Lawrencium | Lr | [266] | 1.3 | 4.9 | | | | 3 |
| 104 | Rutherfordium | Rf | [267] | | 6 | | | | 2 |
| 105 | Dubnium | Db | [268] | | | | | | 2 |
| 106 | Seaborgium | Sg | [269] | | | | | | 2 |
| 107 | Bohrium | Bh | [270] | | | | | | 2 |
| 108 | Hassium | Hs | [277] | | | | | | 2 |
| 109 | Meitnerium | Mt | [278] | | | | | | |
| 110 | Darmstadtium | Ds | [281] | | | | | | |
| 111 | Roentgenium | Rg | [282] | | | | | | |
| 112 | Copernicium | Cn | [285] | | | | | | |
| 113 | Nihonium | Nh | [286] | | | | | | |
| 114 | Flerovium | Fl | [289] | | | | | | |
| 115 | Moscovium | Mc | [290] | | | | | | |
| 116 | Livermorium | Lv | [293] | | | | | | |
| 117 | Tennessine | Ts | [294] | | | | | | |
| 118 | Oganesson | Og | [294] | | | | | | |
    [*] a few atomic radii are calculated, not experimental
    [—] a long dash marks properties for which there is no data available
    [ ] a blank marks properties for which no data has been found