OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Albert Edward Bridge

The Albert Edward Bridge is a railway bridge spanning the River Severn at Coalbrookdale in Shropshire, England.

## History

Opened on 1 November 1864 and named after the Prince of Wales (later Edward VII), its design is almost identical to Victoria Bridge which carries the Severn Valley Railway over the Severn between Upper Arley and Bewdley in Worcestershire. Designed by John Fowler, its 200 feet (61 m) span cast iron arch has four ribs, each of nine parts bolted together. The patterns for the radiused beam castings for the bridge were prepared by Thomas Parker at the Coalbrookdale Iron Company. Originally it was built to carry the Wenlock, Craven Arms and Lightmoor Extension Railway of the Wellington and Severn Junction Railway across the river. Until the closure of Ironbridge power station it carried coal traffic as part of the line between Lightmoor Junction and Ironbridge Power Station.
The bridge's timber and wrought iron deck was replaced by a structural steel deck in 1933. It may be one of the last large cast iron railway bridges to have been built. Due to its age and the condition of the ironwork, traffic over the bridge is restricted to a 5 miles per hour (8.0 km/h) speed limit to minimise stress. Although it carries two tracks only the one on the downstream side is still in use.
The bridge is a Grade II Listed Building, one half by Shropshire Council, the other by Telford and Wrekin District Council as the boundary is mid-span.
Telford Steam Railway have aspirations to run trains over the bridge using the presently unused track as part of their southern extension to Buildwas.
# EA Replay

EA Replay is a retro-themed compilation for the PlayStation Portable comprising a number of classic games. It was released in the United States on November 14, 2006, with Australian and European releases shortly afterwards.
A sequel, EA Replay 2, was planned, but it was cancelled.

## Compiled games

The compilation includes the following titles:
Titles included in EA Replay :
| Title | Release | System |
| B.O.B. | 1993 | Super Nintendo |
| Budokan: The Martial Spirit | 1990 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Desert Strike: Return to the Gulf | 1992 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Haunting Starring Polterguy | 1993 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Jungle Strike | 1993 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Mutant League Football | 1993 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Road Rash | 1991 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Road Rash II | 1992 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Road Rash 3 | 1995 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Syndicate | 1995 | Super Nintendo |
| Ultima VII: The Black Gate | 1994 | Super Nintendo |
| Virtual Pinball | 1993 | Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Wing Commander | 1992 | Super Nintendo |
| Wing Commander: Secret Missions | 1993 | Super Nintendo |
AD HOC Multiplayer is available for Budokan, Mutant League Football, and Road Rash II.
There are unlockable pieces of game art for each title.
The music in the Road Rash games has been replaced with a single new looping music track.
The collection was released as a digital download for the PlayStation Network in Europe in January 2009.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 56/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| EP Daily | 6/10 |
| Eurogamer | 5/10 |
| Game Informer | 6.75/10 |
| GameDaily | 6/10 |
| GameSpot | 5.7/10 |
| GameSpy | |
| GameZone | 7/10 |
| Pocket Gamer | |
| PlayStation: The Official Magazine | 5/10 |
| Retro Gamer | 49% |
| VideoGamer.com | 5/10 |
The game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.
# Brummanet Raad

Brummanet Ra'ad (Arabic: برمانة رعد) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Tartus Governorate, located southeast of Tartus in the al-Shaykh Badr District. The inhabitants of the village are predominantly Ismailis.
# Marta Gardolińska

Marta Gardolińska (born 1988, Warsaw) is a Polish conductor.

## Biography

Gardolińska began piano studies at age six. She also began to participate in athletics from a very young age, including swimming from age three and acrobatics from age five. Her interest in conducting originated during her time as a chorister, where she gained her first lessons in conducting from her school choir director Katarzyna Sokołowska. She studied flute and conducting at the Chopin University of Music in Warsaw, where she organised her first appearance as a conductor, with a performance of the Stabat Mater of Pergolesi, during her second year of studies in Warsaw. From 2010 to 2014, she continued her music studies at the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, including conducting and choral singing, where her teachers included Mark Stringer, Yuji Yuasa and Erwin Ortner. Whilst in Vienna, she became a member of the Arnold Schoenberg Choir and the Wiener Singverein. She also studied music physiology in Vienna, informed by her youthful athletics experiences, which also included middle-distance running and gymnastics along with her earlier training. She took conducting courses at the Pierre Monteux School, and has participated in conducting master classes with conductors such as Nicolás Pasquet, Bernard Haitink, Péter Eötvös and Bertrand de Billy.
From March 2017 to June 2018, Gardolińska was the conductor of the TU Orchester Wien (Orchester der Technischen Universität Wien), the only female conductor in the orchestra's history. She held a Taki Alsop Conducting Fellowship for the period 2017–2019. From 2018 to 2020, she was the 'Young Conductor in Association' with the Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. For the 2019–2020 season, she was a Dudamel Fellow with the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra. With the Los Angeles Philharmonic, she was the second conductor for the orchestra's commercial recording of the Symphony No. 4 of Charles Ives.
In October 2020, Gardolińska first guest-conducted the Opéra national de Lorraine in the French premiere of Der Traumgörge of Alexander von Zemlinsky. On the basis of this appearance, in January 2021, the Opéra national de Lorraine announced the appointment of Gardolińska as its next music director, effective with the 2021–2022 season, with an initial contract of three seasons. Gardolińska is the first female conductor ever named music director of Opéra national de Lorraine. In April 2024, the company announced the extension of Gardolińska's contract as music director through the 2025–2026 season.
Gardolińska first guest-conducted the Barcelona Symphony Orchestra and National Orchestra of Catalonia (OBC) in April 2021. In February 2022, the OBC announced the appointment of Gardolińska as its next principal guest conductor, effective September 2022, with a contract of two seasons.
Gardolińska is married to the Venezuelan pianist and composer Alfredo Ovalles. The couple have a son, born in January 2023.
# Arne Haaland

Arne Haaland (15 February 1936 – 13 October 2023) was a Norwegian chemist.
He took the dr. philos. degree at the University of Oslo in 1969 and was an associate professor in chemistry at the University of Oslo from 1964 to 1984, and then professor until his retirement. He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.
Haaland ran a laboratory for gas electron diffraction. He, his co-workers and colleagues determined the structures of umpteen important chemical compounds in the gas phase. His main field of research was the organometallic compounds.
The list of such structure determinations includes the controversially debated beryllocene, dibenzene chromium, ferrocene, the structure of the phosphorus oxides P$_4$O$_{10}$ and P$_4$O$_9$, trimethylamuminium and its adducts with NMe$_3$, and the first stable silylene.
Haaland was the author of many contributions on chemical bonding, in particular the dative bond and metallocenes.
# Per Johannes Kolsaker

Per Johannes Kolsaker (30 September 1931 – 30 June 2010) was a Norwegian chemist.
He was born in Narvik as a son of book printer Johannes Fridtjof Olsen (1898–1975) and Johanne Otelie Trondsen (1896–1988). He, and his family, changed their last name to Kolsaker in 1945. He finished his secondary education in 1950, enrolled at the University of Oslo and graduated with the cand.real. degree in 1958. He also participated in the Independent Norwegian Brigade Group in Germany in 1952.
He became a research assistant in chemistry at the University of Oslo, then a lecturer in 1966 and professor from 1992 to his retirement in 2001. In between he worked for the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation in Tanzania from 1982 to 1983, and as an organic chemistry professor at the University of Tromsø from 1983 to 1986.
He was interested in sports, including bridge, chess, golf and orienteering, and chaired the orienteering club IL Tyrving for two periods. He died in June 2010.
# Svein Stølen

Svein Stølen (born 2 March 1960) is a Norwegian chemist. He has served as Rector of the University of Oslo since 2017.

## Biography

Stølen was born in Fredrikstad on 2 March 1960. He graduated as cand.scient. in 1985 and as dr.scient. in 1988, and was appointed professor in chemistry from 1996. His research interests have focused on structure and properties of inorganic compounds. He was elected as the Rector of the University of Oslo for the period 2017 to 2021. He was re-elected as rector for the period 2021 to 2025.
# Walter Kirke

General Sir Walter Mervyn St George Kirke, GCB, CMG, DSO (19 January 1877 – 2 September 1949) was the Commander in Chief of the British Home Forces at the beginning of the Second World War.

## Military career

Born the second son of Colonel St. George Mervyn Kirke of the Royal Engineers and his wife Sarah, Walter Kirke was commissioned into the Royal Artillery as a second lieutenant on 21 September 1896. He was promoted to lieutenant on 21 September 1899, and to captain on 4 December 1901 while serving in Waziristan on the North West Frontier of India between 1901 and 1902. From July 1902 he was seconded for service with the Burma Military Police.
Kirke was instrumental in creating the Army's Intelligence Corps in 1907, and he worked for Colonel George Macdonogh in the War Office's Intelligence Department. This area of work comprised special duties, such as protective security, ciphers and censorship of post (news) and telegraphs. Starting 1 October 1909, the new Secret Service Bureau (MI5) was created and fell under Macdonogh's supervision. Here, Kirke came to know Major Vernon Kell (headed up counter-espionage) and Captain Mansfield Cumming (enemy intelligence). Together, Cumming and Kell formed the two halves of MI5. Macdonogh and Kirke, who in February 1914 was promoted to brevet major, travelled to France and spent two weeks on a walking tour of the French and Belgium borders, visiting areas that looked vulnerable to a German attack. On 12 August 1914, the Intelligence Corps crossed the English Channel, near Le Havre, France as part of the deployment of the B.E.F.
Kirke served in the First World War as a General Staff Officer at GHQ in France and Belgium. In 1916 he learned that German soldiers were intercepting British field telephone conversations and acted to secure them. On 23 March 1918, Kirke was flown in from the front to brief the War Cabinet in London on Operation Michael. In late 1918 he became deputy director of Military Operations at the War Office and was then moved to Aldershot in 1922.
In 1924 he was appointed Head of the British Military Mission to Finland and in 1925 President of Inter-Allied Commission of Investigation for Hungary. In 1926 Kirke became Deputy Chief of the General Staff for India, moving on to be General Officer Commanding 5th Division in 1929.
He was promoted to lieutenant general in June 1931 and in 1933 he was appointed General Officer Commanding-in-Chief for Western Command. In 1936 he became director general of the Territorial Army.
Kirke served in the Second World War, initially as inspector general of Home Defence and then as Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces. In that role he always thought that the threat of a German invasion was exaggerated. He retired in 1940. He was also an Aide-de-Camp General to the King from 1937 to 1940.
# 2024 Sánchez-Casal Cup

The 2024 Sánchez-Casal Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Barcelona, Spain between 1 and 7 April 2024.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| FRA | Quentin Halys | 113 | 1 |
| ESP | Bernabé Zapata Miralles | 145 | 2 |
| NED | Jesper de Jong | 151 | 3 |
| MDA | Radu Albot | 155 | 4 |
| UKR | Vitaliy Sachko | 175 | 5 |
| | Ivan Gakhov | 176 | 6 |
| GBR | Billy Harris | 181 | 7 |
| BEL | Joris De Loore | 189 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 18 March 2024.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Tristan McCormick
* David Naharro
* Bernabé Zapata Miralles
The following player received entry into the singles main draw as a special exempt:
* Radu Albot
The following players received entry into the singles main draw as alternates:
* Mathys Erhard
* Nick Hardt
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Ignacio Buse
* Miguel Damas
* Gabriel Debru
* Lorenzo Giustino
* Oleksii Krutykh
* Carlos Taberner

## Champions
### Singles

* Nick Hardt def. Bernabé Zapata Miralles 6–4, 3–6, 6–2.

### Doubles

* Daniel Rincón / Oriol Roca Batalla def. Jakob Schnaitter / Mark Wallner 5–7, 6–4, [11–9].
# 2024 Busan Open

The 2024 Busan Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 21st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Busan, South Korea between 8 and 14 April 2024.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| AUS | James Duckworth | 105 | 1 |
| FIN | Otto Virtanen | 165 | 2 |
| JPN | Sho Shimabukuro | 169 | 3 |
| ITA | Mattia Bellucci | 178 | 4 |
| CHN | Bu Yunchaokete | 179 | 5 |
| RSA | Lloyd Harris | 181 | 6 |
| AUS | Li Tu | 186 | 7 |
| HKG | Coleman Wong | 192 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of 1 April 2024.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Kwon Soon-woo
* Nam Ji-sung
* Roh Ho-young
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Altuğ Çelikbilek
* Chung Yun-seong
* Blake Ellis
* Yankı Erel
* Paul Jubb
* Rio Noguchi

## Champions
### Singles

* Yasutaka Uchiyama def. Hong Seong-chan 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–3.

### Doubles

* Ray Ho / Nam Ji-sung def. Chung Yun-seong / Hsu Yu-hsiou 6–2, 6–4.
# Al-Nasirah, Syria

Al-Nasirah (Arabic: الناصرة, also spelled al-Nasra) is a small Christian town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located west of Homs. Nearby localities include Habnamrah to the northwest, Marmarita and Ayn al-Bardah to the west, Zweitina to the southwest, al-Husn to the south, al-Huwash and al-Mazinah to the southeast, Shin to the east, Muqlus to the northeast, Hadeih and Mashta al-Helu to the north. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Nasirah had a population of 835 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of the al-Nasirah nahiyah ("subdistrict") which consisted of 20 localities with a collective population of 16,678 in 2004. The subdistrict largely occupies an area known as Wadi al-Nasara ("Valley of the Christians.") The inhabitants of the town are predominantly Greek Orthodox Christians. The village has a Greek Orthodox Church.
Lady of the Valley, located in Wadi al-Nasara, is one of the Marian shrines in the Middle East.
# Dirck Barendsz

Dirck Barendsz or Theodor Barendszoon (1534–1592) was a Dutch Renaissance painter from Amsterdam who traveled to Italy in his youth to learn from the Italian masters, most notably Titian.

## Biography

He was trained by his father, a painter known as Barend Dircksz, or deaf Barent, and in 1555, at the age of twenty-one, Barendsz travelled to Italy. During his seven-year stay there, Karel van Mander tells us that he was "nursed at the great Titian's bosem."
He was a great friend of Philip Van Marnix, whom he met in Rome, and Dominicus Lampsonius, with whom he corresponded in Latin. He was a good musician and his most notable work, among various other pieces Van Mander describes that he painted in Amsterdam, was a Judith. Among pieces worthy of mention in Leiden that Van Mander liked was a Venus that at the time he was writing in 1604 was in the possession of Sybrandt Buyck (son of the last Catholic mayor of Amsterdam, Joost Sijbrantsz Buyck). Van Mander further lists several Tafels (altarpieces), including a "Christmas piece" in the possession of the Fraterhouse in Gouda, and a copy of a tronie by Titian, in the possession of Pieter Isaacsz (1569–1625), an Amsterdam painter and art dealer. The "Christmas piece" is still in Gouda and is the only complete surviving alterpiece by him.
His chapel piece voor the Amsterdam militia, called a Fall of Lucifer by Mander, was destroyed in the beeldenstorm, but his militia portrait for the same group that hung in their meeting hall survived. He died in Amsterdam.

## Gallery

* Gouda triptych of the Life of Mary - Museum Gouda, circa 1565
* The Last Judgment, Benedictine Abbey, Fara in Sabina, 1561
* Portrait of Joost Buyck (1505-1588) by Jacobus Houbraken, after a copy of a painting by Dirck Barentsz (since lost), 1760
# Bureij, Homs

Bureij (Arabic: البريج, also spelled Burayj) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, south of Homs. Nearby localities include Hisyah to the north, Sadad to the northeast and Qarah to the south. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Bureij had a population of 2,246 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
In the 19th century, during Ottoman Empire rule, Bureij was a small fortified village with a khan ("caravansary"). While its residents were relatively protected from Bedouin raids because of the village's high walls, their livestock was often plundered. The name "Bureij" is the Arabic term for "little tower."
# Khirbet al-Hamam

Khirbet al-Hamam (Arabic: خربة الحمام) is a village in Syria located in the Homs District, Homs Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Khirbet al-Hamam had a population of 4,817 in the 2004 census. It is an Alawite village.
# 2024 Tunis Open

The 2024 Tunis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 14th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tunis, Tunisia between 13 and 18 May 2024.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| MON | Valentin Vacherot | 120 | 1 |
| BIH | Damir Džumhur | 131 | 2 |
| FRA | Titouan Droguet | 146 | 3 |
| NED | Jesper de Jong | 162 | 4 |
| JPN | Sho Shimabukuro | 165 | 5 |
| FRA | Benjamin Bonzi | 175 | 6 |
| ITA | Stefano Travaglia | 186 | 7 |
| ARG | Genaro Alberto Olivieri | 191 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 6 May 2024.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Nikoloz Basilashvili
* Martín Landaluce
* Aziz Ouakaa
The following players received entry into the singles main draw as alternates:
* Gijs Brouwer
* Aziz Dougaz
* Mitchell Krueger
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Gerard Campana Lee
* Marco Cecchinato
* Felix Gill
* Timofey Skatov
* Michael Vrbenský
* Alexander Weis
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
* Tristan Lamasine

## Champions
### Singles

* Oriol Roca Batalla def. Valentin Royer 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, 7–5.

### Doubles

* Federico Agustín Gómez / Marcus Willis def. Patrik Rikl / Michael Vrbenský 4–6, 6–1, [10–6].
# R Cancri

R Cancri is a Mira variable in the constellation Cancer. Located approximately 250 parsecs (830 ly) distant, it varies between magnitudes 6.07 and 12.3 over a period of approximately 357 days. At its brightest, it is very faintly visible to the naked eye.
Friedrich Magnus Schwerd discovered R Cancri in 1829. It was one of the first variable stars to be discovered.
# Marj al-Qata

Marj al-Qata (Arabic: مرج القطا) is a village in northern Syria located northwest of Homs in the Homs Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Marj al-Qata had a population of 893 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Turkmen.
# Yaron London

Yaron London (Hebrew: ירון לונדון; born 24 August 1940) is an Israeli media personality, journalist, actor and songwriter.

## Biography

Yaron London was born in Tel Aviv. His father was an actor, Bezalel London. London's surname does not indicate British roots, but rather originate from the fact that registration officials mistakenly changed the original surname "Ledman" to "London".
London studied at Herzliya Hebrew High School and the agricultural boarding school HaKfar HaYarok. In 1961, after serving in the IDF, he moved to Jerusalem to study graphics at Bezalel Academy of Art and Design.
He lives in Afeka, Tel Aviv. He was married to Nira, with whom he has three children. In 2005, Nira suffered a stroke. She died in February 2010.

## Media career

In 1962, during his studies, he began working for Kol Yisrael as a news announcer. He hosted HaYom HaZeh ("This day"), the first current affairs program in Israeli electronic media.
In 1969 he was sent by the Israel Broadcasting Authority to Paris as its correspondent in Western Europe. In the early 1970s he returned to Israel and joined Channel One as a talk show host, and later became head of the drama department. He also directed several documentaries.
In 1988 he left the television to become a correspondent and publicist in Yediot Aharonot. In 1990 he returned to Channel One, and co-hosted the children's show "Mesibat Gan" ("Garden Party") with Rivka Michaeli. In 1994, soon after the establishment of Channel Two, he made several documentaries for Keshet, including "The Fat Man with the Sony", a month-long travelogue in South East Asia.
In 2003 he began co-hosting the daily current affairs program "London & Kirschenbaum" with Moti Kirschenbaum (whom he had met working for Channel One) on Channel Ten. In 2008, they both signed for two more years with the Channel Ten. His other activities included illustrating a poetry book in 1962, and writing several popular tunes, including one for HaGashash HaHiver. His songs were recently published in a compilation album. In 1979 he appeared in the film Schlager starring Hagashash HaHiver members and in 1983 he starred in Yitzhak Yeshurun's A Married Couple, as well as several children tapes. In 2008 he made a series titled "The scenario", which dramatizes potential disasters that might strike Israel.
In 2019, London said in a TV interview: “The Arabs are savages. They hate not only Jews. Above all, they’re murdering one another. Right, left, forward, to the east, to the west, Arabs are slaughtering Arabs.” He later apologised, but also said to Gideon Levy on a different TV show, that “the Palestinians are no different. It's the culture.”

## Awards and recognition

In December 2007 he was awarded the Sokolow Prize for lifetime achievement.
In December 2010, London was awarded the Eliav-Sartawi Award for Middle Eastern Journalism.
# HD 68375

HD 68375 (HR 3216) is a solitary star in the northern circumpolar constellation Camelopardalis. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent magnitude of 5.54 and is estimated to be 289 light years distant. However, it is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 4.33 km/s.
HD 68375 has a stellar classification of G8 III, indicating that it is a red giant. It is currently on the horizontal branch, generating energy via fusion inside a helium core. Specifically, it is a red clump star, at the cool end of the horizontal branch where stars with near-solar metallicity are found. After approximately 1 billion years, the star now has a radius of 9 R$_☉$ and an effective temperature of 5,078 K, giving a yellow hue. Nevertheless, it has nearly double the mass of the Sun and radiates at 49 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere. HD 68375 is slightly metal deficient with a metallicity 76% that of the Sun and spins with a poorly constrained projected rotational velocity of 1.3 km/s.