OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nicotiana glauca

Nicotiana glauca is a species of flowering plant in the tobacco genus Nicotiana of the nightshade family Solanaceae. It is known by the common name tree tobacco. Its leaves are attached to the stalk by petioles (many other Nicotiana species have sessile leaves), and its leaves and stems are neither pubescent nor sticky like Nicotiana tabacum. It resembles Cestrum parqui but differs in the form of leaves and fusion of the outer floral parts. It grows to heights of more than two meters.
Tree tobacco is native to South America but it is now widespread as an introduced species on other continents. It is a common roadside weed in the southwestern United States, and an invasive plant species in California native plant habitats.

## Description

Nicotiana glauca is a small tree or shrub with many branches that normally grows to over 2 m, but can reach as high as 7 m. Its leaves are thick and rubbery and can be up to 20 cm long. It has yellow tubular flowers about 5 cm long and 1 cm wide. The plant primarily reproduces by seed.

## Ecology

Nicotiana glauca can pose a threat to native species by outcompeting them for resources and is classified as an invasive species in many parts of the world. In some management programmes, the beetle Malabris aculeata has been successfully deployed as a biological control agent. Every part of the plant is potentially poisonous to humans and livestock.

## Distribution

It is originally native to South America (including Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador), but has been naturalized globally. It is found in Australia, warmer parts of Europe, temperate Asia, Canarian Archipelago, New Zealand, the United States, Mexico, Hawaii, and Sub-Saharan Africa (including Kenya and Tanzania, where it is invasive, as well as Uganda).
It grows in a wide variety of open and disturbed habitats including lakeshores and roadsides, but is mainly a problem in relatively dry areas.

## Names

The plant is commonly known in English as tree tobacco, Brazilian tree tobacco, shrub tobacco, wild tobacco, tobacco tree, tobacco bush, tobacco plant, and mustard tree.
In Spanish and throughout Latin America, it is known by many names, including tabaco moro ("Moorish tobacco"), palancho, and palán palán.
Its botanical name, Nicotiana glauca, was given to it in 1828 by Robert Graham. The genus is named after Jean Nicot (c. 1530 – 1604), a French ambassador to Portugal, who sent tobacco seeds and powdered leaves from Lisbon to France.

## Phylogeny

There are around 76 species in the Nicotiana genus, the sole member of the Nicotianeae tribe. Phylogenetic research suggests the following species are closely related:

## Uses

The plant is used for a variety of medicinal purposes by Native American groups. The Cahuilla people used leaves interchangeably with other tobacco species in religious rituals and as a poultice to treat swellings, bruises, cuts, wounds, boils, sores, inflamed throat, and swollen glands. It contains high doses of the alkaloids anabasine and nicotine such that ingestion of the leaves can be fatal. It is being investigated for use as a biofuel.
# Horidiplosis ficifolii

Horidiplosis ficifolii is a species of midges from the genus Horidiplosis. The species was originally described by K. M. Harris and L. J. W. de Goffau in 2003.

## Description

Horidiplosis ficifolii was identified from specimens collected in Denmark, Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Larvae can be found on fig leaves of the species Ficus benjamina. They develop in irregular blister galls on young leaves, which might resemble fungal or bacterial leaf spots. Larvae can grow up to 2.0 mm and are rosy-orange. Both adults can have a wingspan up to 2.0 mm. Female specimens are slightly larger.

## Ecology

Horidiplosis ficifolii has the fig species Ficus benjamina as host.

## Etymology

"ficifolii" means from fig leaves, which indicates that the species was identified from specimens collected from ornamental fig leaves.
# 471

Year 471 (CDLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Novus and Probianus (or, less frequently, year 1224 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 471 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Empire

* Basiliscus, brother-in-law of Emperor Leo I, returns from exile (see 468) and leads an imperial conspiracy against Aspar (magister militum), helping in his murder at Constantinople.

#### Britannia

* The army of King Ceretic of Strathclyde raids the Irish coast, carries off some of Saint Patrick's followers, and sells them into slavery (approximate date).

#### Europe

* The Visigoths under Euric conquer a large part of the Provence (Southern Gaul). The city of Clermont-Ferrand in Auvergne is besieged.
* The Goths, led by Theodoric Strabo, revolt in Thrace after the assassination of Aspar. Leo I sends Basiliscus to suppress the uprising.
* Theodoric the Great, age 17, succeeds his father Theodemir as king of the Ostrogoths, settling his people in lower Moesia (Balkans).

#### Asia

* The ruler of the nomadic Tuoba tribal state in Northern China adopts a Chinese surname, and will rule Northern Wei as Xiao Wen Di, until his death in 499.

### By topic
#### Religion

* Acacius becomes patriarch of Constantinople, succeeding Gennadius I.

## Deaths

* August 25 – Gennadius I, patriarch of Constantinople
* Ardabur, Roman general and son of Aspar
* Aspar, Alan patrician and general (magister militum)
* Eudocia, Vandal queen and daughter of Valentinian III (approximate date)
* Julius Patricius, Roman general and son of Aspar (approximate date)
# Yu Zhishan

Yu Zhishan (Chinese: 于芷山; pinyin: Yú Zhǐshān; Hepburn: U Shizan; 1882 – May 1951), was a military officer under the Beiyang Government and the Fengtian clique, subsequently becoming a cabinet minister in Manchukuo.

## Biography

A native of Liaoning Province, in 1923, Yu served as commander of the Northwest Army’s 5th Combined Regiment stationed in Shandong Province. In 1924, he was reassigned to command the 8th Combined Regiment by order of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. He was promoted to lieutenant general in June 1927. He returned to Shandong Province as commander of the 30th Army, assisting Chiang Kai-shek in defeating the forces of Yan Xishan in the Central Plains War. However, his alliance with the Kuomintang was short, as he was recalled to Manchuria to guard against the Northern Expedition. Following the death of Zhang Zuolin in the Huanggutun Incident in 1928, Manchuria fell back into chaos. Yu initially supported Zhang Xueliang, who appointed him commander in chief of the military in the 20 prefectures immediately surrounding Shenyang. Following the Mukden Incident of September 1931, Yu worked with Kan Chaoxi to declare Shenyang independent from the Republic of China, and subsequently cooperated with the Imperial Japanese Army on the Self-Government Guiding Board in the establishment of the state of Manchukuo.
In March 1932, Yu was appointed chief of police for Fentian Province in Manchukuo. From July, 1934, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the First Army of the Manchukuo Imperial Army, and from May of the same year, was appointed Army Minister in the Manchukuo Cabinet. In July 1937, the Army Ministry was renamed the Ministry of Public Security, and took over control of all police activities. Yu remained a cabinet minister until April 1939, at which time he was made a member of the Privy Council.
Following the collapse of Manchukuo, he fled to Beijing, where he lived under an assumed name until some point after the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in October 1949. He died in prison at the Fushun War Criminals Management Centre in May 1951 at the age of 72.
# Christopher Edwards (cricketer)

Christopher Edwards (born 18 May 1958) was an English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman who played for Devon. He was born in Torquay.
Edwards, who represented the side in the Minor Counties Championship and Minor Counties Trophy between 1982 and 1986, made a single List A appearance for the side, during the 1985 NatWest Trophy, against Warwickshire. From the lower-middle order, he scored 5 runs.
Edwards' brother, Hiley, also played List A cricket, and was Devon's captain between 1985 and 1991.
# Facundo Milán

Facundo Nahuel Milán Osorio (born 3 February 2001) is a Uruguayan footballer who plays as forward for Deportivo Maldonado on loan from Montevideo Wanderers.
# MySims Racing

MySims Racing is a go-kart-car racing game developed by Artificial Mind & Movement (now Behaviour Interactive) and published by Electronic Arts as part of the MySims series, a spin-off from its trademark The Sims series of games. The title was released in June 2009 for the Nintendo DS and Wii.
Though similar to Mario Kart, the game offers some unique gameplay features, such as a Story Mode (similar to the rebooted Need for Speed series), basic car and character customization, and the ability to transfer cars to and from Wii Remotes.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score | Score |
| Aggregator | DS | Wii |
| Metacritic | 67/100 | 68/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score | Score |
| Publication | DS | Wii |
| 4Players | 48% | 64% |
| Famitsu | 25/40 | 26/40 |
| Gamekult | 4/10 | 4/10 |
| GamesMaster | N/A | 60% |
| GameSpot | 7/10 | 7.5/10 |
| GameTrailers | N/A | 6.3/10 |
| GameZone | 6.5/10 | 7/10 |
| IGN | N/A | 7/10 |
| Jeuxvideo.com | 12/20 | N/A |
| NGamer | 67% | 69% |
| Nintendo World Report | 8/10 | 8/10 |
| Official Nintendo Magazine | N/A | 72% |
The game received "average" reviews on both platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, where the game was ported for release under the name Boku to Sim no Machi Racing (ぼくとシムのまち レーシング, Boku to Shimu no Machi Rēshingu) on June 25, 2009, Famitsu gave it a score of 26 out of 40 for the Wii version, and 25 out of 40 for the DS version.
Austin Light of GameSpot praised the Wii version's customization and new style of kart racing. The DS version was praised for its fun customization options, the Story mode that mixes up the standard kart-racing formula and its crisp, vibrant visuals both in and out of races; however, Light felt the game's Story mode was too long.
# Waterford County Museum

Waterford County Museum (Irish: Músaem Contae Phort Láirge) is a museum documenting the history of County Waterford. The museum is located in the Old Town Hall, Dungarvan.

## History

The museum is run by the Waterford County Museum Society, which was founded explicitly to run the museum following a meeting convened in 1982 by the Dungarvan Irish Countrywomen's Association. It was first housed in Market House, but moved to the Old Town Hall in 1999. The Hall had originally been built as a grain store by a local merchant, Thomas Buckley, in the late 1700s. By the middle of the 1880s the buildings had fallen into disrepair, and were converted into a Town Hall and public library. The current façade of the building dates from 1909.

## Contents

The museum and its collections aim to document, collect and preserve the history of Dungarvan and west County Waterford. The museum is split into two areas, one for the permanent collections, and one for temporary exhibitions. The collections include trophies, Cap Badges of the Irish Regiments (1914-1918), artefacts related to military history, and a coin collection. The exhibitions cover topics relating to local history such as the Famine, sport, the local Big Houses, the War of Independence and the Civil War, maritime history, as well as World War I and II.
In 2006, the museum received the Best Small Museum Web Site at the museums and the Web international conference for its digital archive of over 2500 images relating to local history. There was an extensive refurbishment of the museum, reopening in 2009 with extended exhibition space.
# Andréia Suntaque

Andréia Suntaque (born 14 September 1977), often referred to as simply Andréia, is a Brazilian former footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
Andréia was in Brazil's squad at the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup, when she was playing for São Paulo FC. She was a member of the Brazilian team that won the silver medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Andréia was a member of the Brazil Women's Squad at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup. The next year Brazil were the runner-up at the 2004 Summer Olympics. In 2007 Brazil were the runner-up in the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup after losing 2–0 in the final to Germany. The next year in the 2008 Summer Olympics Andréia lost her starting spot to Barbara, because Barbara "Would give Brazil a better chance to claim "Their First Ever Major Title". But Brazil failed to capitalize, they lost the final 1–0 against the United States in Extra Time. After the Game Andréia and Barbara were seen hugging each other and lying on the ground crying. In 2011 the Brazil squad were ready to get in level terms on the world stage. They walked through their group winning all the games. They once again meet the USA squad in the Quarter Finals. In the second minute of the game a cross was sent in on the ground from Shannon Boxx, and then kicked into the Brazilian goal by a Brazilian defender Daiane. Marta went on to score twice to give Brazil the lead. Brazil thought they had a time management plan, but in the 122' minute USA midfielder Megan Rapinoe sent a ball into the Brazilian box. Andréia came way off her line missing the ball allowing US striker Abby Wambach to score the game tying header with just seconds left. The two teams went into a PK shoot out. On the first kick by Shannon Boxx, Andréia appeared to save the PK, but actually was many yards off her line. Boxx took another PK and slipped it right past Andréia. Then Carli Lloyd, Abby Wambach, Megan Rapinoe, and Ali Krieger scored their PK's to beat the Brazilian and send them out of the World Cup. In 2015 Andréia wasn't selected for the 2015 Women's World Cup Brazilian squad.
# Jennifer Mackinnon

Jennifer Ann Mackinnon (born September 16, 1973) is an American physical oceanographer who has studied small-scale dynamical processes in oceans for more than 20 years. These processes include internal waves and ocean mixing, turbulence, sub-mesoscale instabilities, and their complex interaction. She is a professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) of the University of California, San Diego. Her research requires extensive fieldwork at sea to observe these processes.

## Early life and education

Mackinnon graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (Major in Physics) with distinction from Swarthmore College in June 1995. In June 1999, she completed a Master of Science at the Department of Oceanography of the University of Washington. She then carried out a PhD in the same department that she defended in June 2002.

## Career and research

After some postdoctoral research at SIO from October 2002 to December 2003, she was secured an assistant research faculty position before being appointed associate professor and professor. In 2019, she was appointed Associate Dean for Faculty Equity at Scripps Institution for Oceanography
In 2021, she demonstrated with coworkers in a publication in Nature Communications that pockets of warm water from the Pacific Ocean are accelerating the melting of sea ice

## Awards and recognition

* 1991 – National Merit Finalist
* 1999 – Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Fellowship at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
* 1997 – 2000 – National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship
* 2011 – Scripps Graduate Teaching Award
* 2014 – the AMS Nicholas Fofonoff Award for "outstanding contributions to the understanding of internal mixing in the ocean, artfully synthesizing observations, theory, and numerical modeling."
* 2018 – UC San Diego Inclusive Excellence Award
# AD 78

AD 78 (LXXVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Novius and Commodus (or, less frequently, year 831 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 78 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Empire

* The Romans conquer the Ordovices, located in present-day northern Wales, as well as the Silures.
* Gnaeus Julius Agricola replaces Sextus Julius Frontinus as governor of Roman Britain, which leads to the conquering of portions of Wales and northern England.

#### Asia

* Indian Prince Aji Caka introduces the Sanskrit language and Pallawa script, used to inscribe Javanese words and phrases, to the Indonesian islands.
* Emperor Kadphises of the Kushan Empire sends a delegation to Rome, to seek support against the Parthians.
* This is the base year (year zero) of the Saka era used by some Hindu calendars, the Indian national calendar, and the Cambodian Buddhist calendar. It begins near the vernal equinox for the civil solar calendar, but begins opposite the star Spica for the traditional solar calendar.
* Pacorus II becomes king of the Parthian Empire (r. 78–115).

### By topic
#### Philosophy

* The Chinese philosopher Wang Chong (Wang-Ch'ung) claims all phenomena have material causes.

## Births

* Liu Qing, Chinese prince of the Han Dynasty (d. 106)
* Wang Fu, Chinese historian, poet and philosopher (approximate date)
* Zhang Heng, Chinese mathematician, astronomer, inventor, and statesman (d. 139)

## Deaths

* Gaius Salonius Matidius Patruinus, Roman politician
* Vologases I, king of the Parthian Empire
# Shimada Mitsufusa

Shimada Mitsufusa (島田 充房) was an 18th-century Japanese botanical illustrator best known for his work, Ka-i 花彙, portraying Japanese flora with 200 woodcut plates in 8 volumes. The first volume was published in Edo in 1759, but after completing the second volume Mitsufusa found the work too taxing and enlisted the aid of Ono Ranzan. Ludovic Savatier (1830-1891) translated the work into French, a version published in 1875. This work, together with two other Japanese works by Iwasaki Tsunemasa and Iinuma Yokusai, was the basis of Franchet and Savatier's 'Enumeratio Plantarum in Japonia Sponte Crescentium' (1875–79).
# Geoffrey Edmunds

Geoffrey Edmunds (born 2 September 1954) is an English cricketer. Edmunds was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born in Stoneleigh, Warwickshire and educated at Abbey High School, Redditch.
Edmunds made his debut for Shropshire in the 1986 Minor Counties Championship against Cheshire. Edmunds played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1986 to 1993, which included 66 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 10 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Hampshire in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. He made 4 further List A appearances, the last of which came against Somerset in 1993 NatWest Trophy. In his 8 List A matches, he scored 27 runs at with a high score of 24 not out. With the ball, he took 2 wickets at an average of 104.50, with best figures of 1/41. He also played county cricket below first-class in the Warwickshire Second Eleven team.
Edmunds once played a game against Israel as a friendly for the ICC World Cup Qualifiers in 1979, scoring 15 runs and taking a wicket.
Edmunds, previously a player at Coventry and North Warwickshire Cricket Club, now plays for Kenilworth Cricket Club where is also Chairman of the club.
# Glenea blandina

Glenea blandina is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1858. It is known from Borneo.
# Lawrence Hugh Jenkins

Sir Lawrence Hugh Jenkins, KCIE (22 December 1857 – 1 October 1928), was a British judge. He was the chief justice of the Calcutta and Bombay High Court, as well as a member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.

## Family

Jenkins was born in 1857 at The Priory, Cardigan. He was the younger son of solicitor Richard David Jenkins and Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Lewis.

## Career

Jenkins passed from Cheltenham College to the University of Oxford, and was called to the Bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1883. He became the chief justice of the Bombay High Court for ten years (1898–1908); thereafter, Jenkins was selected as a member of the Council of India. On 17 August 1899 he was knighted, and he was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE) in the 1903 Durbar Honours. Between 1909 and 1915 he was the chief justice of the Calcutta High Court after Justice Francis William Maclean. He also served as District Grand Master of Freemasons for Bombay and Bengal and took an active part in all important public movements on social questions relating to British India.
In his judgeship, Jenkins delivered several verdicts in relation to high-profile conspiracy and bombings, including the Alipore Bomb conspiracy case.
He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1916 and served as a member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.

## Death

He died at his home in London on 1 October 1928.
# Jannie totsiens

Jannie totsiens is a 1970 South African psychological horror film directed by Jans Rautenbach and starring Cobus Rossouw, Katinka Heyns, Jill Kirkland and Don Leonard. A new arrival to a mental institute is ostracised by the other patients, until they use him as a scapegoat when another patient dies. It has been viewed as representing an allegory of South African society at the time.

## Main cast

* Hermien Dommisse - Magda
* Katinka Heyns - Linda
* Jill Kirkland - Liz
* Patrick Mynhardt - George
* Cobus Rossouw - Jannie Pienaar
* Don Leonard
* Dulcie Van den Bergh
# Uncatena Island

Uncatena Island is one of the Elizabeth Islands of Dukes County, Massachusetts, United States. It is the most northerly of the Elizabeth Islands and lies just off the northernmost point of Naushon Island. Uncatena has a land area of 0.492 km$^2$ (0.19 sq mi, or 121.6 acres), and was uninhabited as of the 2000 census. It is part of the Town of Gosnold.
# Giuseppe Bernardis

Giuseppe Bernardis (born 5 January 1948) is a retired Italian Air Force general. He served as Chief of Staff of the Italian Air Force from 25 February 2010 to 25 February 2013. Pasquale Preziosa was appointed as his successor.

## Honour

* Italy: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (24 February 2010)
# Turning Stone Resort Championship

The Turning Stone Resort Championship was a PGA Tour professional golf tournament, first played from September 20–23, 2007. It was hosted by the Atunyote Golf Club at Turning Stone Resort & Casino in Verona, New York.
In 2007, it was the first of the seven Fall Series events played after the conclusion of the FedEx Cup, which was introduced the same year. The prize fund was $6 million. The tournament's timing in the PGA Tour calendar changed in 2008: The 2008 Fall Series began before the conclusion of the FedEx Cup with the Viking Classic. After the Fall Series took a week off for The Tour Championship, it resumed with the Turning Stone Championship. In 2009, the Turning Stone Resort Championship was played the week after The Tour Championship.
In 2010, the event moved to August and become part of the main PGA Tour season, although it was an "alternate" event scheduled opposite a World Golf Championships tournament, specifically the Bridgestone Invitational. It was dropped from the PGA Tour schedule in 2011 when event organizers and the Tour could not agree on a stand-alone date for the tournament.
John Rollins won the 2006 B.C. Open, which was held at the course, when En-Joie Golf Club (now the site of the Dick's Sporting Goods Open on the Champions Tour) was unavailable due to flooding.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runner-up | Winner's share ($) |
| 2010 | Bill Lunde | 271 | −17 | 1 stroke | J. J. Henry | 720,000 |
| 2009 | Matt Kuchar | 271 | −17 | Playoff | Vaughn Taylor | 1,080,000 |
| 2008 | Dustin Johnson | 279 | −9 | 1 stroke | Robert Allenby | 1,080,000 |
| 2007 | Steve Flesch | 270 | −18 | 2 strokes | Michael Allen | 1,080,000 |