# Sandown-class minehunter

The Sandown class is a class of fifteen minehunters built primarily for the Royal Navy by Vosper Thornycroft. The Sandown class also serve with the Royal Saudi Navy, the Estonian Navy, and the Ukrainian Navy. The first vessel was commissioned into Royal Navy service on 9 June 1989 and all the British ships were named after coastal towns and cities. Although the class had a primary mine countermeasures role, they have had a secondary role as offshore patrol vessels. As of early 2024, only one vessel of the class (HMS Bangor) remains in active service with the Royal Navy.

## Development

These small (53 m; 174 ft) fibreglass vessels are single role mine hunters (SRMH) rather than minesweepers. Twelve ships were built for the Royal Navy and three ships were exported to Saudi Arabia. Three Royal Navy vessels were decommissioned following the Strategic Defence Review in 2003; Sandown (January 2005), Inverness (April 2005) and Bridport (July 2004). A further ship, Cromer, was decommissioned and transferred to a training role at the Britannia Royal Naval College in Dartmouth in 2001 as Hindostan.
The three decommissioned vessels were sold to Estonia in September 2006. They were re-equipped with TCS (Tactical Control System) and the Atlas Elektronik Seafox ROV for mine disposal. The sonar system was also updated. The first ship (ex-Sandown), delivered in 2007, has been named Admiral Cowan, the second (ex-Inverness), was delivered in 2008 and named Sakala and the last (ex-Bridport) named Ugandi in 2009.
In the 1990s, the design of the Sandown-class was adapted by Spanish company Izar (later Navantia) for the Spanish Navy's six-ship Segura-class minehunters.

## Future

The 2021 defence white paper announced that all mine countermeasures vessels in the Royal Navy would be retired during the 2020s and replaced by automated systems. It was indicated that the remaining Sandown-class ships would be retired first with the entire class to be withdrawn from service by 2025. They will be replaced with autonomous minehunting systems and specialized "motherships" deployed either by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) or new-build ships as reportedly preferred by the navy. While experiencing some delays, the first command and support vessel for trialling autonomous systems (RFA Stirling Castle) entered service with the RFA in Spring 2024.
In June 2021, during a visit by HMS Defender to Odesa, it was revealed that an agreement had been reached for two Sandown class ships to be transferred to the Ukrainian Navy upon decommissioning. Ramsey and Blyth were decommissioned on 4 August 2021 and following a refit by Babcock, were to be transferred to the Romanian Navy instead. In September 2023 it was reported that the transfer of Blyth had occurred and that HMS Pembroke would also be transferred to the Romanian Navy in the following year.
In September 2022, HMS Shoreham was spotted operating around Firth of Forth carrying the name Cherkasy (Ukrainian: Черкаси) and the pennant number M311. Though still reportedly in commission with the Royal Navy, she was now training sailors of the Ukrainian Navy prior to also being handed over to that Navy. In October 2022 it was reported that Shoreham had been decommissioned from Royal Navy service. She, and her sister ship ex-HMS Grimsby (now Chernihiv), were formally commissioned into the Ukrainian Navy in July 2023.

## Ships in the class

| Navy | Name | Pennant number | Builder | Launched | Commissioned | Status |
| Royal Navy | Hindostan (ex-Cromer) | M103 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1990 | 1992 | Cromer decommissioned in 2001; now static training ship at Britannia Royal Naval College |
| Royal Navy | Walney | M104 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1991 | 1992 | Decommissioned; awaiting disposal |
| Royal Navy | Penzance | M106 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1997 | 1998 | Decommissioned |
| Royal Navy | Pembroke | M107 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1997 | 1998 | Decommissioned; to be transferred to Romania |
| Royal Navy | Bangor | M109 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1999 | 2000 | In active service |
| Royal Navy | Ramsey | M110 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1999 | 2000 | Decommissioned; awaiting transfer to Romanian Navy |
| Royal Saudi Navy | Al Jawf | 420 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1993 | | In active service |
| Royal Saudi Navy | Shaqra | 422 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1993 | | In active service |
| Royal Saudi Navy | Al Kharj | 424 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1993 | | In active service |
| Estonian Navy | Admiral Cowan (ex-Sandown) | M313 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1988 | 1989 / 2007 | In active service |
| Estonian Navy | Sakala (ex-Inverness) | M314 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1990 | 1991 / 2008 | In active service |
| Estonian Navy | Ugandi (ex-Bridport) | M315 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1992 | 1993 / 2009 | In active service |
| Romanian Naval Forces | Sublocotenent Ion Ghiculescu (ex-Blyth) | M270 | Vosper Thornycroft | 2000 | 2001 / 2023 | In active service |
| Ukrainian Navy | Chernihiv (ex Grimsby) | M310 | Vosper Thornycroft | 1998 | 1999/2023 | Decommissioned from RN in 2022; transferred to Ukraine in 2023 |
| Ukrainian Navy | Cherkasy (ex Shoreham) | M311 | Vosper Thornycroft | 2001 | 2001/2023 | Decommissioned from RN in 2022; transferred to Ukraine in 2023 |