OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Schiaparelli (Martian crater)

Schiaparelli (/ˌskæpəˈrɛli, ˌʃæp-/ SKAP-ə-REL-ee, SHAP-, US also /skiˌɑːp-/ skee-AHP-, Italian:) is an impact crater on Mars, located near the planet's equator at latitude 3° south and longitude 344° in the Sinus Sabaeus quadrangle. It measures approximately 459 kilometers (285-miles) in diameter and was named after Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli, known for his observations of the Red Planet and his mistranslated term "canali". The name was adopted by IAU's Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature in 1973.

## Description

A crater within Schiaparelli shows many layers that may have formed by the wind, volcanoes, or deposition under water.
Layers can be a few meters thick or tens of meters thick. Recent research on these layers suggests that ancient climate change on Mars, caused by regular variation in the planet's tilt, may have caused the patterns in layers. On Earth, similar changes (astronomical forcing) of climate results in ice-age cycles and formation of rhythmites.
The regular appearance of rock layers suggests that regular changes in climate may be the root cause. Regular changes in climate may be due to variations of a planet's tilt (called obliquity). The tilt of the Earth's axis changes by only a little more than 2 degrees since the Moon is relatively large. In contrast Mars's tilt varies by tens of degrees. When the tilt is low (current situation on Mars), the poles are the coldest places on the planet, while the equator is the warmest (as on Earth). This could cause gases in the atmosphere, like water and carbon dioxide, to migrate poleward, where they would freeze. When the obliquity is higher, the poles receive more sunlight, causing those materials to migrate away. When carbon dioxide moves from the Martian poles, the atmospheric pressure increases, possibly causing a difference in the ability of winds to transport and deposit sand. Also, with more water in the atmosphere sand grains may stick and cement together to form layers.

## In popular culture

In the 2011 novel The Martian by Andy Weir, and the 2015 feature film adapted from it, Schiaparelli is the landing site for Ares 4, the fourth crewed mission to Mars. The protagonist, Mark Watney, an astronaut from Ares 3 who is stranded on Mars, must travel from Acidalia Planitia to Schiaparelli, a journey of 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi).
# Shabnam Akhtari

Shabnam Akhtari is a Canadian-Iranian mathematician specializing in number theory, and in particular in Diophantine equations, Thue equations, and the geometry of numbers. She is a professor of mathematics at Pennsylvania State University.

## Education and career

Akhtari graduated from the Sharif University of Technology, in Tehran, in 2002 with a bachelor's degree in mathematics. She went to the University of British Columbia for graduate study in mathematics, completing her Ph.D. there in 2008. Her dissertation, Thue Equations and Related Topics, was supervised by Mike Bennett.
She was a postdoctoral researcher at Queen's University at Kingston in Canada, the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in Germany and the Centre de Recherches Mathématiques in Canada before joining the University of Oregon faculty as an assistant professor of mathematics in 2012. She was tenured as an associate professor there in 2018.

## Recognition

Akhtari is the 2021–2022 winner of the Ruth I. Michler Memorial Prize of the Association for Women in Mathematics.
# Legio V Iovia

Legio V Iovia was a Roman legion levied by Diocletian in the end of the 3rd century, and was still in service at the beginning of the 5th century. The cognomen of the legion refers to Jupiter, to whom Diocletian (also known as Iovius, "the man like Jupiter") was devoted and identified.
The V Iovia was stationed, together to her sister legion VI Herculia, in Pannonia Secunda, a new province created with the segmentation of the old Pannonia province. The legion received the ordinal "Fifth" because in Pannonia there were already four legions. The purpose of the legion, having her permanent camp in Bononia and an advanced castellum in Onagrinum, was to protect the imperial residence of Diocletian in Sirmium (Illyricum).
The Notitia Dignitatum locates the legion still in Illyricum at the beginning of the 5th century.
It is possible that some men from this legion and from the VI Herculia formed the Jovians and Herculians, the new imperial bodyguard of Diocletian. If this identification is correct, V Iovia men had the appellative martiobarbuli, since they were expert in throwing plumbata, small darts carried by five in the inside of their shields.
# Team AngelicvM

Team AngelicvM is a private company based in Chile that plans to deploy a small rover on the Moon. In 2024 their rover, called Unity, was one of the various lunar rovers that were carried by the commercial Peregrine lander. Peregrine, which was manufactured by Astrobotic Technology experienced a propellant leak after launch which led to it burning in Earth's atmosphere, never reaching the moon.

## History

Team AngelicvM was created in 2010 in Santiago, Chile, with the purpose to compete for the Google Lunar X Prize. This international competition offered US$20 million for the first privately developed rover to land on the Moon, travel at least 500 meters, and transmit high-definition video and images back to Earth. Since no team was able to make a launch attempt to reach the Moon by the 31 March 2018 deadline, the Google Lunar XPRIZE went unclaimed and the competition ended without a winner, but AngelicvM plans to go ahead with the rover's development and launch.
Team AngelicvM is financed by AngelicvM Foundation (Inversiones AngelicvM); its owner and President is Gerardo Rocha-Haardt, who by 2012 had financed about US$3 million. Rocha-Haardt explained that since there is no space agency in Chile, he hopes to inspire and stimulate the private sector's participation in the outer space economy. Rocha-Haardt invited all Chilean universities to participate in the project. They were joined by the Universidad de Concepción and Universidad Austral de Chile, who are developing the rover.
AngelicvM signed a contract with Astrobotic Technology in 2015 to have their rover carried on board Astrobotic's Peregrine lander, and in July 2017, Astrobotic announced an agreement had been reached with United Launch Alliance for the launch. As of May 2018, Astrobotic's first Peregrine lander mission is reported to have 12 customers, and is planned to be launched in 2020 on an Atlas V rocket. The selected landing site is Lacus Mortis. The lander's commercial payload include Team Hakuto's rover.

## Unity rover

The first rover's concept was called Dandelion. Its body was spherical of about 10 cm in diameter with a flat top and bottom. It uses two bilateral "legged" wheels for traction and it keeps upright by a pendulum. This light traction concept was inspired by insect legs, and it was considered because that is what all insects evolved for efficient displacement on uneven surfaces. Adding some flexibility to each blade/leg, it imitates the tendon in the insect leg and holds potential energy for better traction. Preliminary tests performed in Chile's Atacama desert were reported to surpass their predicted expectations.
AngelicvM's current rover concept is a 5 kg, four-wheeled rover called Unity.
The team has 34 members, all professionals and mostly volunteers. Their transmission to Earth will be a high-definition music video that carries "a message of faith, hope, peace and unity to the World.
# Domenico Aliperta

Domenico Aliperta (born 10 November 1990) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Serie D club Siracusa.

## Club career

On 31 July 2021, he signed with Arezzo.
On 9 December 2021, he joined Serie D club Cavese.
# Charles Egbu

Charles Egbu // is a British academic in the field of construction management, who has worked in higher education in the United Kingdom for over 30 years. He is the vice chancellor of Leeds Trinity University, United Kingdom, becoming the first black person in such a role in any UK university.

## Early life and education

Egbu comes from Abatete, in the Idemili North Local Government Area, Anambra State of Nigeria.
He obtained his first degree in quantity surveying at Leeds Metropolitan University with first class honours. His doctorate in construction project management was obtained from the University of Salford. He obtained an advanced diploma in research award supervision from Leeds Metropolitan University Leeds, UK.

## Career

Egbu was the pro-vice-chancellor at the University of East London and Dean of the school of Built Environment and Architecture at London South Bank University. He was previously at the University of Salford, Glasgow Caledonian University and University College London.
He was director, trustee and chairman of the professional standards and knowledge committee of the Association for Project Management (APM). In May 2017 he was admitted to the Worshipful Company of Constructors and earned the Freedom of the City of London. He was the president of the Chartered Institute of Building CIOB for 2019–2020. He was a governor, and member of the London Design and Engineering UTC.
He became vice-chancellor of Leeds Trinity University in November 2020.

## Research

He has lectured nationally and internationally in areas of sustainable development, construction economics, resilient Communities, knowledge management in complex environment, construction project management, and contract procurement. He has attracted more than £25M of research and enterprise income from numerous research funding bodies, and published 12 books and over 300 published academic works in journals, and conferences proceedings.

## Personal life

He is married with children.
# Zibo Sports Center Stadium

The Zibo City Sports Centre Stadium(Chinese: 淄博市体育中心体育场; pinyin: Zibo Shi Tiyuzhongxin Tiyuchang), is a football stadium in Zibo, Shandong, China. It hosts football matches and hosted the 2010 AFC U-19 Championship. The stadium holds 45,000 spectators.
# Jack Dunning

John Angus Dunning OBE (6 February 1903 – 24 June 1971) was a New Zealand cricketer who played in four Test matches between 1933 and 1937 and 60 first-class matches from the 1923–24 to 1937–38 seasons. He later became a headmaster in Australia.

## Academic and teaching career

Dunning was born at Ōmaha and educated at Auckland Grammar School and Auckland University College, later graduating MSc (Honours) in mathematics at the University of Otago. He was New Zealand's Rhodes Scholar in 1925 and, studying at New College, Oxford, he obtained his MA in mathematics.
He taught at John McGlashan College, Dunedin, from 1923 to 1925 and from 1927 to 1939; he was also sports master. He was recruited to the headmastership of Scots College, Warwick, in Queensland from 1939 to 1949 and Prince Alfred College, Adelaide, from 1949 to 1969, where he was said to exhibit "Scottish carefulness". He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1965 New Year Honours.
Dunning died suddenly at Adelaide in South Australia in June 1971, aged 68, survived by his wife and two daughters. Obituaries were published in the New Zealand Cricket Almanack in 1971 and in Wisden the following year.
# Operation Nantucket Beach

Operation Nantucket Beach was a security operation during the Vietnam War conducted by the 198th Light Infantry Brigade, 23rd Infantry Division on the Batangan Peninsula from 23 July 1969 to 10 March 1971.

## Background

The Batangan Peninsula was a Vietcong (VC) stronghold and the scene of frequent operations throughout the war. The 6th Infantry Regiment and the Army of the Republic of Vietnam ARVN 6th Regiment, 2nd Division were to conduct security and pacification operations throughout the area.$^{:32}$

## Operation
### 1970

On 7 March Battery A, 1st Battalion, 82nd Field Artillery Regiment caught a VC force in the open, killing 9. On 13 March Company A, 1st Battalion, 6th Infantry Regiment triggered a booby-trapped 105mm shell losing 1 killed. On 14 March Company C, 1/6th triggered another 105mm booby-trap losing 2 killed.$^{:33}$
On 9 April Battery A, 1/82nd Artillery fired on 45 VC killing 12. On 11 April Battery A, 1st Battalion, 14th Field Artillery Regiment fired on 20 VC killing 4. On 17 April Company B, 1/6th found 5 weapons. On 26 April Troop A, 1st Battalion, 1st Cavalry Regiment detonated a mine, losing 1 killed.$^{:33}$
On 17 November Company B, 1/6th reported 4 VC killed and 1 weapon captured. On 18 November Company D, 1/6th engaged VC killing 3 and capturing 4 weapons and detaining 5 suspected VC. On 21 November Company C, 1/6th detonated a booby trap resulting in 2 US killed.$^{:32}$
On 1 December Company C, 1/6th killed 9 VC and captured 1 weapon. From 7–19 December the 1/6th reported 1 PAVN/VC killed and 7 weapons captured.$^{:32}$

### 1971

On 5 January Company D, 1/6th engaged 10 VC killing 1 and capturing 1 weapon. On 9 January Company A, 1/6th Infantry engaged 7 VC killing 6. On 11 January 1/6th killed 3 VC and captured 1 weapon. On 15 January Company D, 1/6th engaged and killed 2 VC. On 20 January Company A, 1/1st Cavalry detonated two booby traps resulting in 1 US killed. On 21 January, Troop D, 1/1st Cavalry’s aero rifle platoon killed 13 VC and captured 2 weapons and 2 suspects. On 22 January, Troop D, 1/1st Cavalry swept the same area and found 6 weapons. On 25 January while on a search and clear mission Company D. 1/6th detonated a "Bouncing Betty” antipersonnel mine killing 1 US soldier.$^{:32–3}$
During the first week of February mechanical ambushes killed 2 VC. On 7 February Company C, 1/6th engaged 6 VC killing 1 and capturing 1 and 3 weapons.$^{:33}$

## Aftermath

The operation concluded on 10 March 1971. US losses were 51 killed, PAVN/VC losses were 630 killed and 38 captured and 212 weapons captured.$^{:34}$
# Purnell (company)

Purnell is a Swiss watch manufacturer. The company was founded in 2017 and is headquartered on Rue du Rhône 80 in Geneva, Switzerland.

## History

The company was founded in 2017, and produces manually wound tourbillon watches. Their movements are designed by watchmaker Eric Coudray, who also invented their "spherion" systems, a high-velocity triple-axis tourbillon. The company is known for creating Escape II, a watch with two triple-axis tourbillon systems.
In 2021, Purnell partnered with France Football to create a pair of watches which were awarded to winners of the Ballon d’Or. In 2022, they became the official timekeeper of AS Monaco. In March 2022, it partnered with READYMADE to make a set of watches with straps made of recycled fabric from WWII US military surplus. Purnell has also partnered with Italian footballer Fabio Cannavaro.
# Węgorzewo Koszalińskie

Węgorzewo Koszalińskie (formerly German Vangerow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sianów, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Sianów, 12 km (7 mi) east of Koszalin, and 146 km (91 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
The village has a population of 299.
# Ivo Schricker

Ivo Wolfgang Eduard Schricker (18 March 1877 – 10 January 1962) was a German footballer and the third General Secretary of the FIFA, serving from 1932 to 1951 upon his resignation.

## Biography

Ivo Schricker was son of a privy councilor in Strasbourg, which at that time belonged to the German Empire. He came from a middle-class background and played his youth football together with his younger brother Erwin with local team Straßburger FV. During the summer of 1894 both brothers moved as a high school students to Karlsruhe. Here they joined and played for Karlsruher FV, where they met Walter Bensemann, a pioneer of German and European football.
During Basel's 1895–96 season both brothers played two games for FC Basel. The first game they played was the home game on 1 December 1895 as Basel played a 2–2 draw with FC Excelsior Zürich. Joan Gamper was team mate in that game. The second game they played with Basel was on 8 March 1896 as Basel were defeated 3–1 by Grasshoppers. Both Schricker's played only these two games for Basel, without scoring a goal.
Following their time with Basel both returned to their club of origin Straßburger FV and later both again moved to Karlsruher Kickers. Erwin Schricker (22 August 1878 – 20 October 1914) was killed in action during World War One.
While studying in Berlin Ivo Schricker played for Akademischer SC 1893 Berlin. With Karlsruher FV he became South German champion several times. In 1899 he was among the best players in the first, still unofficial, game against a team from England, and in September 1901, he also played in London.
Schricker's home town, Strasbourg in Alsace, was after World War I annexed to France again. After retirement as player, Schricker served from 1923 to 1925 as president of the South German association (Süddeutscher Fußball-Verband).
He moved to Zürich in Switzerland, a central and conveniently located place that fitted FIFA needs well when a permanent office was set up. Ivo Schricker became the organisation's first employee, and was appointed Permanent Secretary in 1931, working in a 30 square metre apartment at Bahnhofstrasse 77 that remained the home of football's governing body until 1954. From 1948 onwards, he was supported by secretary Marta Kurmann.
# Alex Newman

Alex Newman (24 March 1909 – 2 June 1992) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in two first-class matches for Wellington in 1930/31.
# Zemun Stadium

44°50′52.59″N 20°23′52.70″E﻿ / ﻿44.8479417°N 20.3979722°E﻿ / 44.8479417; 20.3979722
Zemun Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia tha can hold 9,600 spectators. The stadium is used mostly for football games and is the home ground of FK Zemun.

## Concerts

* Tina Turner - Foreign Affair: The Farewell Tour - 19 August 1990
* Bob Dylan - 1991 European Tour - 11 June 1991
# Sacramento River National Wildlife Refuge

Sacramento River National Wildlife Refuge is located along the Sacramento River in the Sacramento Valley of California. Landscape is very flat, bordered by the Sierra and Coast ranges, with intensive agriculture (rice, with walnut, almond, and prune orchards along the river). This riparian community is one of the most important wildlife habitats in California and North America.
The refuge is currently in an active acquisition phase, and includes the Llano Seco Unit. Large-scale riparian habitat restoration is ongoing. Riparian habitat along the Sacramento River is critically important for various threatened species, fisheries, migratory birds, plants, and the natural system of the river itself.

## Restoration

There has been an 85% reduction of riparian vegetation throughout the Sacramento Valley and foothills region, and probably over a 95 percent reduction along this area's major river systems. The relatively small amount of Riparian forest woodlands that remains provides a strikingly disproportionate amount of habitat value for wildlife.
# Midan Ghazal

Midan Ghazal (Arabic: ميدان غزال) is a Syrian village located in the Qalaat al-Madiq Subdistrict in the al-Suqaylabiyah District in Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Midan Ghazal had a population of 631 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
# Hurtless

"Hurtless" is a song by Australian singer and songwriter Dean Lewis. The song was released on 1 April 2022 as the second single from Lewis' forthcoming second studio album, The Hardest Love.
In a statement, Lewis said "You know when you plan your entire life out with someone, you see your future with that person, then all of a sudden one night, they do something and from that point on, you realise they are not the person you thought they were? All your plans for the future aren't going to happen and you're back to just being with yourself."
At the 2022 ARIA Music Awards, the song was nominated for Song of the Year.
At the APRA Music Awards of 2023, the song was nominated for Most Performed Australian Work of the Year and won Most Performed Alternate Work of the Year.

## Music video

The official video was directed by James Fitzgerald, was filmed in Ireland and features actors Frank Blake and Stephanie Dufresne.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for "Hurtless" :
| Chart (2022) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 29 |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 100 |
| Denmark (Tracklisten) | 8 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 75 |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 7 |
| Sweden Heatseeker (Sverigetopplistan) | 1 |

### Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for "Hurtless" :
| Chart (2022) | Position |
| Denmark (Tracklisten) | 75 |

## Certifications

Certifications for "Hurtless" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | 2× Platinum | 140,000$^‡$ |
| Denmark (IFPI Danmark) | Platinum | 90,000$^‡$ |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Gold | 15,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Clement Mulenga

Clement Mulenga (born 15 August 1965) is a Zambian Catholic prelate who is the Bishop of the Diocese of Kabwe. He was appointed Bishop of Kabwe on 29 October 2011 by Pope Benedict XVI.

## Background and education

He was born on 15 August 1965, in the village of Dismashi in the Archdiocese of Kasama, Zambia. He attended primary school and middle school in his home area. He completed high school in Luwingu, Luwingu District, in the Northern Province of Zambia. While there, he joined the Salesian Society of St. John Bosco. From 2001 until 2004 he studied at the Pontifical Salesian University, in Rome, graduating with a Licentiate in Youth Ministry and Catechesis.

## Priesthood

He took his perpetual vows as a Salesian of Don Bosco on 25 August 1996, in Nairobi, Kenya. He was ordained a priest on 25 August 1998. He served as a priest of Salesians of Saint John Bosco until 29 October 2011.
While he was priest he held the following offices:
* Parish Vicar of Bauleni Parish in Lusaka, from 1998 until 2001
* Superior of the Salesian Community of Chingola in Zambia, from 2005 until 2007
* Councillor and Delegate for Formation, from 2007 until 2009
* Vicar, formator and professor of the Post-Novice Community of Moshi in Tanzania. * Director of the Office for Youth Pastoral Care of the Archdiocese of Lusaka, from 2009 until 2011.

## As bishop

On 29 October 2011 Pope Benedict XVI created the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kabwe out of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mpika and the Archdiocese of Lusaka, making it a suffragan of the metropolitan church of Lusaka. On the same day, the Pope appointed Father Clement Mulenga as the pioneer bishop to lead the new diocese. Father Mulenga received episcopal consecration on 17 December 2011 at the hands of Archbishop Telesphore George Mpundu, Archbishop of Lusaka, assisted by Cardinal Medardo Joseph Mazombwe, Archbishop Emeritus of Lusaka and Bishop Ignatius Chama, Bishop of Mpika.
In 2018, Bishop Mulenga served as the chairman of the National Pastoral Commission for the Zambia Conference of Catholic Bishops (ZCCB).
# Edmund Knapp

Edmund Knapp (24 April 1917 – 19 February 1989) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in four first-class matches for Wellington from 1943 to 1945.
# Brzeg, Poddębice County

Brzeg is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pęczniew, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Pęczniew, 26 km (16 mi) south-west of Poddębice, and 55 km (34 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.