OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hydrogen-terminated silicon surface

Hydrogen-terminated silicon surface is a chemically passivated silicon substrate where the surface Si atoms are bonded to hydrogen. The hydrogen-terminated surfaces are hydrophobic, luminescent, and amenable to chemical modification. Hydrogen-terminated silicon is an intermediate in the growth of bulk silicon from silane: This termination is significant in the semiconductor industry due to its role in preventing oxidation and contamination of silicon surfaces, which is crucial for various applications including microelectronics and nanotechnology.
    SiH$_4$ → Si + 2 H$_2$

## Preparation

Silicon wafers are treated with solutions of electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid in water, buffered water, or alcohol. One of the relevant reactions is simply removal of silicon oxides:
    SiO$_2$ + 4 HF → SiF$_4$ + 2 H$_2$O
The key reaction however is the formation of the hydrosilane functional group.
atomic force microscope (AFM) has been used to manipulate hydrogen-terminated silicon surfaces.

## Properties

Hydrogen termination removes dangling bonds. All surface Si atoms are tetrahedral. Hydrogen termination confers stability in ambient environments. So again, the surface is both clean (of oxides) and relatively inert. These materials can be handled in air without special care for several minutes.
The Si-H bond in fact is stronger than the Si-Si bonds. Two kinds of Si-H centers are proposed, both featuring terminal Si-H bonds. One kind of site has one Si-H bond. The other kind of site features SiH$_2$ centers.
Like organic hydrosilanes, the H-Si groups on the surface react with terminal alkenes and diazo groups. The reaction is called hydrosilylation. Many kinds of organic compounds with various functions can be introduced onto the silicon surface by the hydrosilylation of a hydrogen-terminated surface. The infrared spectrum of hydrogen-terminated silicon shows a band near 2090 cm$^{−1}$, not very different from νSi-H for organic hydrosilanes.

## Potential applications

One group proposed to use the material to create digital circuits made of quantum dots by removing hydrogen atoms from the silicon surface. The hydrogen-terminated silicon surface is widely used in the fabrication of semiconductor devices. It serves as a precursor for various surface functionalization techniques and is also essential in the formation of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers.

## Stability & Reactivity

Despite its stability, hydrogen-terminated silicon can gradually oxidize when exposed to air, forming a thin oxide layer. This process can be monitored using techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
# Fangdian Road station

Fangdian Road (Chinese: 芳甸路; pinyin: Fāngdiàn Lù) is a station on Line 9 of the Shanghai Metro. The station is located on Middle Yanggao Road at Fangdian Road, between Middle Yanggao Road and Lantian Road. It began passenger trial operation with the rest of phase 3 of Line 9, an easterly extension with 9 new stations, on December 30, 2017.

## Station Layout

| G | Entrances and Exits | Exits 1-3 |
| B1 | Concourse | Faregates, Station Agent |
| B2 | Westbound | ← Line 9 towards Songjiang Railway Station (Middle Yanggao Road) |
| Island platform, doors open on the left ||
| B2 | Eastbound | → Line 9 towards Caolu (Lantian Road) → |

## Nearby Places

* Shanghai Jincai Experimental Junior Middle School
# Abu Bakr Qatin

Abu Bakr "the Slim" (Qaṭin) also known simply as Qaṭin sometimes spelt Qecchin or Katchthcen was a general in the Adal Sultanate under Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi. Abubaker's sobriquet "Qaṭin" is derived from the Harari term for "thin". According to sixteenth century Adal writer Arab Faqīh, he was the Garad of Hubat.

## Political and military career

In the sixteenth century texts, Abu Bakr is described:
   the emir Abu Bakr nicknamed ‘Qatin’ which means ‘the gaunt’. He was from among those renowned for their courage, and among the rare horsemen whose exploits became proverbial.
He often accompanied the Malassay during the Ethiopian-Adal War. Qecchin was a victim to the early Abyssinian invasion of Adal in which his mother was briefly captured at the Battle of Hubat. Qecchin led the conquest of Wofla in modern Tigray region and Kanfat in southern Begemder, after which he was appointed governor of these respective regions by Adal.
# Jana Lacinová

Jana Lacinová is a Czech football player, who played for FC Hradec Králové in the Czech First Division.
She was a member of the Czech national team. Lacinová made her debut for the national team on 20 June 2012 in a match against Denmark.
# Derin Erdoğan

Derin Erdoğan (born 28 June 2002) is a Turkish female basketball player. The 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) tall national plays point guard. Currently, she plays for Northeastern Huskies in the U.S. She was part of the Turkey U-16, Turkey U-18 and Turkey U-20 teams before she was admitted to the Turkey team.

## Club career

Erdoğan was a member of Istanbul University SC, and Arizona Wildcats. She played in 14 games in the 2020–21 and in 13 matches in the 2021–22 season. After two years at Arizona, she moved in 2022 to Northeastern Huskies in Boston to play in the NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament.

### Galatasaray

On 24 May 2024, it was announced that she signed a 1-year contract with the Galatasaray.

## International career

She was part of the national U-16 team, which won the bronze medal at the 2017 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival in Győr, Hungary. She played also at the 2018 FIBA U16 Women's European Championship.
She was with the Turkey U-18 team at the 2019 FIBA U18 Women's European Championship Division B.
As a member of the Turkey U-20 team, she played in four matches of the 2022 FIBA U20 Women's European Championship Division B.
Erdoğan was admitted to the national team. She played at the EuroBasket Women 2023 qualification.

## Personal life

Derin Erdoğan was born to Haydar and Canan Erdoğan in Istanbul, Turkey on 28 June 2002. From 2020 on, she studied two years at University of Arizona. In May 2022, she moved for her further college education to the Northeastern University .

## Honours
### Individual
#### Turkish Girls' U18 Championship

       Best Guard (1): 2018–19.

### Clubs
#### Turkish Girls' U18 Championship
   #### Istanbul University SC

       Runners-up: (1) 2018–19.

### National teams
#### Turkey U-16

    Third places: (1) 2017 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival

#### Turkey U-18.

    Third places: (1) 2019 FIBA U18 Women's European Championship Division B.

#### Turkey U-20

    Runners-up: (1) 2022 FIBA U20 Women's European Championship Division B
# Rhys Davies (rugby union, born November 1998)

Rhys Davies (born 9 November 1998) is a Welsh international rugby union player, who plays as a lock for Ospreys.

## Club career
### Early years

Born in Swansea, Davies was part of the Ospreys academy setup until he was 16, when he accepted a scholarship to attend Millfield school in Street, Somerset.

### Bath

He spent two years representing Bath's underage teams, before signing a three-year academy contract with the Premiership Rugby club ahead of the 2017–18 season. Davies returned to Ospreys on a two-year contract ahead of the 2020–21 season.

### Ospreys

Davies made his Ospreys debut on 8 November 2020 against Leinster. Davies signed a three-year extension with the Ospreys on 2 March 2022.

## International career
### Wales U20

In 2018, Davies was selected for Wales U20 for the Six Nations Under 20s Championship and World Rugby Under 20 Championship.

### Wales

Davies was called up to play for Wales in the 2021 Autumn internationals.
On 14 November 2022, Davies was called up for Wales as injury cover in the 2022 Autumn Internationals.
Davies was once again called up by Wales on 17 January 2023, as part of the squad for the 2023 Six Nations Championship. He made his debut on 11 February 2023, coming off the bench against Scotland.
Davies was named in the training squad ahead of the 2023 Rugby World Cup, and featured in the warm up match against England. Davies was not selected for the final squad.
# Neveh Erez

Neveh Erez (Hebrew: נווה ארז, lit. 'Erez Home'), also known as Mitzpe Erez (Hebrew: מצפה ארז, lit. 'Erez Lookout'), is an Israeli outpost in the West Bank. Located near Ma'ale Mikhmas, it falls under the jurisdiction of the Mateh Binyamin Regional Council. It is home to around eight families.
Israeli outposts are illegal under Israeli law. The international community further considers all Israeli settlements, including outposts, in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

## History

The outpost was established in 1999 and was named after Erez Gerstein, an IDF commander killed in Lebanon. However, later in the year the Yesha Council made an agreement with then Prime Minister Ehud Barak to dismantle a number of illegal outposts, among them Neveh Erez. In October of that year residents from Neveh Erez and Mitzpe Hagit moved to Mitzpe Dani, planning to remain there until permits allowing them to return were issued. The outpost was made permanent in 2001.
# Będzyn

Będzyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ręczno, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Ręczno, 30 km (19 mi) south-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 75 km (47 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
# Barry Ninnes

Barry Francis Ninnes (born 23 March 1948) is an English former rugby union international.
Ninnes, known as "Basil", was born and raised in St Ives, Cornwall.
A lock, Ninnes gained his only England cap against Wales at Cardiff in the 1971 Five Nations. He was a stalwart of Coventry R.F.C., playing over 300 games for the club, while making 35 county appearances with Warwickshire. A back injury brought an end to his career in 1980 and he returned to his original club St Ives RFC as a coach.
# Herb Pinder (ice hockey)

Herbert Charles Pinder (born 24 December 1946) is a Canadian former ice hockey player who competed in the 1968 Winter Olympics. After his playing career he earned a Master of Business Administration from Harvard University and became a player agent.
Pinder was born on 24 December 1946 in Boston, Massachusetts, United States and raised in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. During his junior career he attended the University of Saskatchewan.
In 2017, the University of Saskatchewan gave Pinder a "salute" for his stature in the business community and for his volunteerism. He received an honorary degree from the university.

## Awards

* CMJHL Second All-Star Team – 1967
# Pavlína Nepokojová

Pavlína Nepokojová (born 29 January 1989) is a former Czech football midfielder, who last played for Sparta Prague in the Czech Women's First League.
She was a member of the Czech national team.
# Katelyn Ayers

Katelyn Ayers (born 9 February 1995) is a Canadian long-distance runner. In 2019, she competed in the senior women's race at the 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Aarhus, Denmark. She finished in 57th place.
In 2019, she competed at the 2019 NACAC Cross Country Championships held in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. She finished in 9th place in the women's individual event.
# Sony Ericsson W200

The Sony Ericsson W200 Walkman is a cellphone measuring 101 × 44 × 18mm (3.9 × 1.7 × 0.7 inches) and weighs 85g (3 oz). It features a VGA camera, an FM radio, and Sony's Walkman software, although it lacks Bluetooth.
The screen resolution is 128×160 pixels, screen size is 1.8″, and the internal memory is an average 27MB but this may be expanded using a Memory Stick Micro (M2).
The phone is Triband so it can use the GSM 900, 1800 & 1900 networks.
The W200 is available in four colors, Rhythm Black, Pulse White, Grey and Aquatic White. UK mobile firm Orange released it in a Passion Pink. This mobile is an upgrade to the popular K310 camera phone. It has a VGA camera that features 4× digital zoom and can take pictures up to a resolution of 640x480 pixels hardware or 1280x960 pixels with software interpolation. It can also record video (3GP with AMR Audio) up to 176x144 pixels.
The included Memory Stick Micro is big enough to store 30+ songs and can be replaced with a card up to 2GB (8GB supported if the M2 is formatted with FAT32). It also has an FM radio with support for RDS.
The W200 interface and OS is closely similar to its predecessor Sony Ericsson W300i which has been one of the best selling Sony Ericsson phones. (see List of best-selling mobile phones)

## Features
### Music

* Walkman player 1.0
* Supports MP3, AAC, mp4 and 3gp
* 256MB Memory Stick Micro M2 included (size varies)
* Disc2Phone music management software
* Stereo headphones in the box (HPM-64)
* FM radio with RDS

### Messaging

* CSTN screenpin
* SMS, MMS, e-mail.

### Connectivity

* NetFront web browser
* Infrared port
* USB 2.0
* GPRS

### Misc

* Java 6.7
* 27MB Onboard flash memory (Depends on operator pre-customizations)
* FOTA

### Supported networks

* GSM 900, 1800, 1900

## Release

Sony Ericsson W200 was announced in the second quarter of 2007. It was released in three variants: W200a (for the Americas), W200c (for China) and W200i (rest of the world). All the three variants had minor differences, like the languages available in the phone. Sony Ericsson launched W200i as the budget Walkman phone. It retailed at about USD 150 at its launch in the US. In the UK it was initially available for 200 pounds and subsequently its price dropped to a 100 pounds.

## Reception

W200 is mainly aimed for the youth who are looking for a reasonable yet a good quality music phone. W200 provides all the major music player features at almost half the price of any other phone in its category. This attribute was well appreciated by reviewers at different websites and magazines. CNET.uk said in its review: "The music features are one of the most impressive aspects of the handset." Many reviewers criticized the lack of Bluetooth, since it was a music phone, but acknowledged the high quality music output and the value for money. With such features, Sony Ericsson W200 has gone on to become one of the best selling Walkman phones.
# Tom Berry (rugby union)

Joseph Thomas Wade Berry (17 July 1911 – 1 July 1993) was a rugby union player and administrator who appeared in 277 games for Leicester Tigers between 1932–1948, and three times for England in 1939. He was President of the Rugby Football Union for the 1968–69 season, the first person from Leicester Tigers to hold the position and was also tour manager of England's first over-seas tour in 1963.

## Playing career

Berry made his Leicester Tigers debut on 5 March 1932 against Harlequins at Welford Road, Berry played No. 8 and scored a try as Tigers won 13–11. He was a regular in the team from then until the Second World War, a utility forward he featured in all five positions in back of the forward pack playing at least 24 games in each season.
Berry succeeded Bobby Barr as Leicester captain for the 1938–39 season. Berry made his England debut in the 1939 Home Nations Championship on 21 January 1939 against Wales at Twickenham. He retained his place for the whole championship as England shared the title with Wales and Ireland.
After serving in a reserved capacity during the war Berry returned to captain a much changed club. Berry lead the side in their first post-war fixture against Cardiff with the side featuring 10 debutantes. Tigers lost 12 of their first 17 fixtures but as the new side settled results improved for a seasonal record of 16 wins, 2 draws and 16 defeats.
His final game was against Blackheath at Welford Road on 17 April 1948.

## Administration career

Berry represented Leicestershire Rugby Union on the RFU committee from 1953–68 and was an England selector from 1951–1966. As Chairman of Selectors, he was tour manager on England's first overseas tour to Australia and New Zealand in 1963. In 1968 he became Leicester's first President of the RFU.

## Sources

* Farmer, Stuart; Hands, David (2014). Tigers - Official history of Leicester Football Club. The Rugby Development Foundation. ISBN 978-0-9930213-0-5.
# Barry Nelmes

Barry George Nelmes (17 April 1948 – 1 December 2006) was an English rugby union international.

## Biography

Born in Bristol, Nelmes attended Portway Secondary School and was playing first-class rugby for Bristol by age 16. He moved to Cardiff RFC in 1973–74 and two years later was called up by England for a tour of Australia, where he earned two caps as a prop. In 1978, he played in three Five Nations matches and one more Test later that year against the All Blacks at Twickenham. He became Cardiff captain in 1978–79 and went on to play 166 games for the club.
Nelmes continued to live in Cardiff after his rugby career ended. In 1993, he was sentenced to 15-month imprisonment for theft, having been found guilty of stealing £12,000 from a local social club of which he was a steward and doctoring the books to try and hide the crime. He died in Cardiff in 2006 at the age of 58.
# The Marzipan Pig

The Marzipan Pig (1986, ISBN 0-374-34859-6) is a children's book by Russell Hoban. The plot involves a marzipan pig that has somehow fallen behind a couch.

## Plot summary

The pig laments being forgotten and as dust begins to cover him, he remains hopeful about someone discovering him. When he is eventually found (and eaten) by a mouse, parts of his personality are transferred to the mouse. The mouse in turn, falls in love with a nearby grandfather clock and comes to visit each night. The clock, of course, cannot reciprocate the mouse's love. One night the mouse leaves never to come back. The clock suddenly feels the loss and desperately awaits her return, finally knowing both tight loneliness and cold emptiness. Alas, she does not come back and when he is next wound up, his spring breaks.
The mouse, unbeknownst to the clock, has been eaten by an owl that falls in love with a lighted taxi meter and dances for rides. Where the mouse was eaten, a little pink flower grows up. A bee drinks the flower's nectar and shows its affection to a dying hibiscus flower. A rather snooty white mouse thinks she'd make a better hibiscus and uses the dead petals to make a dress. Then, trying to hang on to the plant, she falls into a postman's bag and is thrown back to the owl. Back at the house, she finds a package with a new marzipan pig - one without any knowledge of love or loneliness. The mouse eats the new marzipan pig and falls asleep. The little boy who lives in the house opens the package (it is his birthday) and finds the mouse who escapes back into its hole. The boy tells his mother that he saw a mouse in a pink dress, though his mother never believes him. This time, the mouse is not eaten by the owl, but instead dances outside in the moonlight.

## Animated version

The story has been adapted in an animated television film, produced and directed by Michael Sporn. The adaptation was animated by Tissa David and narrated by Tim Curry. The half-hour special premiered on HBO on November 5, 1990, as part of their HBO Storybook Musicals series.
# Bob Beckett

Robert Owen Beckett (April 8, 1936 – April 9, 2019) was a Canadian ice hockey centre. He played for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League between 1957 and 1964, as well as for the several teams of the minor leagues. He died in 2019.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1954–55 | Galt Black Hawks | OHA | 49 | 16 | 22 | 38 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1955–56 | Hershey Bears | AHL | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1955–56 | Barrie Flyers | OHA | 48 | 16 | 26 | 42 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1956–57 | Victoria Cougars | WHL | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1956–57 | Quebec Aces | QHL | 26 | 9 | 15 | 24 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1956–57 | Boston Bruins | NHL | 18 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1957–58 | Boston Bruins | NHL | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1957–58 | Springfield Indians | AHL | 62 | 17 | 16 | 33 | 40 | 13 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 13 |
| 1958–59 | Providence Reds | AHL | 32 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1958–59 | Quebec Aces | QHL | 25 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1959–60 | Providence Reds | AHL | 57 | 11 | 31 | 42 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| 1960–61 | Providence Reds | AHL | 72 | 22 | 34 | 56 | 28 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1961–62 | Providence Reds | AHL | 27 | 13 | 15 | 28 | 21 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| 1961–62 | Boston Bruins | NHL | 34 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1962–63 | Providence Reds | AHL | 62 | 12 | 25 | 37 | 34 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 1963–64 | Providence Reds | AHL | 33 | 14 | 15 | 29 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1963–64 | Boston Bruins | NHL | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| AHL totals | AHL totals | AHL totals | 346 | 94 | 147 | 241 | 143 | 27 | 6 | 10 | 16 | 17 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 68 | 7 | 6 | 13 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
# Elma Shemsovikj

Elma Shemsovikj (Macedonian: Елма Шемсовиќ, Elma Šemsović; born 4 February 1999) is a Macedonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for 1. liga club ŽFK Dragon 2014 and the North Macedonia women's national team.
# Ion Andreescu

Ion Andreescu (Romanian pronunciation:; 15 February 1850 – 22 October 1882) was a Romanian painter.

## Biography

He was the son of Andrei Dobrescu and Anastasia Pencovico. It is unknown if he was born in Bucharest or in another one of his parents' residences in the vicinity of the city. His father was a beverage merchant and owned an Inn in Mahalaua Staicului.
Andreescu was privately schooled during his elementary school years by Andreas Apostolas. In 1863 he attended the Gheorghe Lazăr Middle School in Bucharest, and then the Sfântul Sava High School. As a student of the Saint Sava High School, he won 1st prize in an Art contest. In 1869, Andreescu dropped out of high school and started attending Theodor Aman's "National School of Fine Arts" (now known as the Bucharest National University of Arts) where he studied Linear Drawing and Calligraphy.
By 1872 he was an instructor of Drawing and Calligraphy at the Bishop's School in Buzău. In 1873 he left the Bishop's School for the Tudor Vladimirescu Communal Secondary School, also in Buzău. Then, in 1875 he left the Communal Secondary School for Buzău's Craftsmanship School.
Influenced by Nicolae Grigorescu, he left Romania for Paris to further his education. Andreescu began attending the private arts school Académie Julian and at the same time he was accepted at Salon (Paris) where he exposed two paintings, "Start of Spring" and "The Fair in Romania". He then moved to Barbizon, where mastered plein-air painting. Here he worked alongside artists such as Grigorescu, Alexandru Djuvara, Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Jean-François Millet, and Claude Monet. His work was exhibited with the works of better-known painters such as Édouard Manet, Monet, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.
In 1881 Andreescu returned to Romania, ill with tuberculosis. His death followed shortly in 1882. He is buried in Bucharest's Bellu Cemetery. In 1948 he was elected post-mortem member of the Romanian Academy.

## Gallery

* Beech Forest
* Street from Barbizon during summer time
* The oak
* Chrysanthemum
* The red scarf
* Peasant woman with green kerchief
* Pink roses
* Still life
* In the forest
* Main Road
* The winter
* Portrait of a peasant girl
* Portrait of a girl