# Damodar Valley Corporation

Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) is a statutory body which operates in the Damodar River area of West Bengal and Jharkhand states of India to handle the Damodar Valley Project, the first multipurpose river valley project of independent India. Indian Astrophysicist Meghnad Saha, the former chief architect of river planning in India, prepared the original plan for the Damodar Valley Project. It operates both thermal power stations and hydel power stations under the ownership of Ministry of Power, Government of India. DVC is headquartered in the Kolkata city of West Bengal, India.
DVC is currently undergoing corporatization and restructuring to explore the possibility of an IPO to raise funds for expansion.

## History

The valley of the Damodar River was flood prone and the devastating flood of 1943, lead to the formation of the high-powered "Damodar Flood Enquiry Committee" by the government of Bengal. The committee recommended the formation of a body similar to the Tennessee Valley Authority of the United States. Subsequently, W.L. Voorduin, a senior engineer of TVA, was appointed to study the problem. He suggested the multi-purpose development of the valley as a whole in 1944. Damodar Valley Corporation was set up in 1948 as “the first multipurpose river valley project of independent India.”
DVC was formed with the central government and the governments of Bihar (later Jharkhand) and West Bengal participating in it. The main aims of the corporation were flood control, irrigation, generation and transmission of electricity, and year-round navigation. The corporation was also expected to provide indirect support for the over-all development of the region. However, while Voorduin had proposed the construction of eight dams, DVC built only four.
Mr. Voorduin's "Preliminary Memorandum" suggested a multipurpose development plan designed for achieving flood control, irrigation, power generation and navigation in the Damodar Valley. Four consultants appointed by the Government of India examined it. They also approved the main technical features of Voorduin's scheme and recommended early initiation of construction beginning with Tilaiya to be followed by Maithon. By April 1947, full agreement was practically reached between the three Governments of Central, West Bengal and Bihar on the implementation of the scheme and in March 1948, the Damodar Valley Corporation Act (Act No. XIV of 1948) was passed by the Central Legislature, requiring the three Governments, The Central Government and the State Governments of West Bengal and Bihar to participate jointly for the purpose of building the Damodar Valley Corporation. The Corporation came into existence on 7 July 1948 as the first multipurpose river valley project of independent India.
The first dam was built across the Barakar River at Tilaiya and inaugurated in 1953. The second dam, Konar Dam, across the Konar River was inaugurated in 1955. The third dam across the Barakar River at Maithon was inaugurated in 1957. The fourth dam across the Damodar at Panchet was inaugurated in 1959. Durgapur Barrage was built in 1955, with a 136.8 kilometres (85.0 mi) long left bank main canal and an 88.5 kilometres (55.0 mi) long right bank main canal.
Command area: 24,235 km$^2$ spread across the Damodar basin. Jharkhand: 2 districts fully (Dhanbad and Bokaro) and parts of 9 districts (Hazaribagh, Koderma, Chatra, Ramgarh, Palamau, Ranchi, Lohardaga, Giridih, and Dumka) West Bengal: 6 districts (Purba Bardhhaman, Paschim Bardhhaman, Hooghly, Howrah, Bankura and Purulia)

## DVC plants

Thermal Plants (coal based) :
| Power Plant Name | State | Installed Capacity in MW | Remarks |
| Mejia Thermal Power Station | West Bengal | 4x210 + 2x250 + 2x500 = 2,340 | |
| Raghunathpur Thermal Power Station | West Bengal | 2x600=1,200 | Upcoming 2x660 MW |
| Durgapur Steel Thermal Power Station | West Bengal | 2x500=1,000 | |
| Durgapur Thermal Power Station | West Bengal | 0 | Upcoming 1x800MW |
| Koderma Thermal Power Station | Jharkhand | 2x500=1,000 | Upcoming 2x800MW |
| Chandrapura Thermal Power Station | Jharkhand | 2x250=500 | Upcoming 1x800MW |
| Bokaro Thermal Power Station - A | Jharkhand | 1x500 | |
| Total | Total | 6540 | |
Hydel-Power Plants :
| Power Plant Name | State | Installed Capacity in MW |
| Panchet Dam | Jharkhand | 80 |
| Maithon Dam | Jharkhand | 63.2 |
| Tilaiya Dam | Jharkhand | 4 |
| Konar Dam | Jharkhand | Nil |
| Total | Total | 147.2 |
Joint Ventures :
| Power Plant Name | State | Installed Capacity in MW | Remarks |
| Maithon Power Limited | Jharkhand | 2x525=1,050 | Owned by Maithon Power Limited a joint venture between DVC and Tata Power |
| BPSCL Power Plant | Jharkhand | 338 | Owned by Bokaro Power Supply Corporation Limited (BPSCL) a joint venture between DVC and Bokaro Steel Limited |

## Infrastructure

DVC developed and expanded its infrastructure to six thermal power stations (6750 MW) and three hydro-electric power stations with a capacity of 147.2 MW which contribute to a total installed capacity of 6897.2 MW. Presently DVC has 49 sub-stations and receiving stations more than 8390-circuit km of transmission and distribution lines. DVC has also four dams, a barrage and a network of canals (2494 km) that play an effective role in water management. The construction of check dams, development of forests and farms and upland and wasteland treatment developed by DVC play a vital role in eco-conservation and environmental management.

## Water management

DVC has a network of four dams - Tilaiya and Maithon on Barakar River, Panchet on Damodar river and Konar on Konar river. Besides, Durgapur barrage and the canal network, handed over to the Government of West Bengal in 1964, remained a part of the total system of water management. DVC dams are capable of moderating floods of 6.51 lac cusec to 2.5 lac cusecs.
Four multipurpose dams were constructed during the period 1948 to 1959:
* Tilaiya Dam (1953)
* Konar Dam (1955)
* Maithon Dam (1957)
* Panchet Dam (1959)
Flood reserve capacity of 1,292 mcm has been provided in 4 reservoirs, which can moderate a peak flood of 18,395 cumecs to a safe carrying capacity of 7,076 cumecs. 419 mcm of water is stored in the 4 DVC reservoirs to supply 680 cusecs of water to meet industrial, municipal and domestic requirements in West Bengal & Jharkhand. The Durgapur barrage on river Damodar was constructed in 1955 for the supply of irrigation water to the districts of Burdwan, Bankura & Hooghly.
* Irrigation Command Area (Gross): 569,000 hectares (5,690 km$^2$)
* Irrigation Potential Created: 364,000 hectares (3,640 km$^2$)
* Canals: 2,494 km (1,550 mi)
30,000 hectares (300 km$^2$) of land in the upper valley is being irrigated, every year by lift irrigation with the water available from 16,000 (approx) check dams constructed by DVC.

## Solar floating plants

DVC Mejia Floating Solar PV Park: A floating solar PV park in India
DVC Chandrapura Thermal Floating Solar PV Park: 10 MW Floating Solar park in Bokaro, Jharkhand.
DVC Raghunathpur Floating Solar PV Park: An under-construction 10MW Floating Solar plant in West bengal
DVC Konar Floating Solar PV Plant: is an under-construction 50 MW solar PV power project in Jharkhand that and expected to be commercial operation in 2027
Damodar Valley Plans 1.7 GW of Floating Solar Projects in West Bengal and Jharkhand.

## Joint venture projects
### Maithon Power Limited

A joint venture company by DVC and Tata Power has been formed to implement 1,050 MW Maithon Right Bank Thermal Power Project for meeting the energy needs of power deficient regions on export basis.

### Bokaro Power Supply Corporation Limited (BPSCL)

A joint venture of DVC and SAIL has been established to operate and maintain the captive power and steam generation plant, hived off by SAIL and its Bokaro Steel Plant and supply power and steam exclusively to Bokaro Steel Ltd.

### DVC EMTA Coal Mines Limited

A joint venture company formed with Eastern Minerals & Trading Agency for development and operation of Captive Coal Mine Blocks and supply of coal exclusively to DVC Thermal Power Projects of 10th and 11th plan.

### Mining & Allied Machinery Corporation (MAMC)

The Mining and Allied Machinery Corporation (MAMC) in Durgapur —one of the PSU's in India set up under the rupee-rouble agreement and enjoying Soviet patronage in the early sixties. Bharat Earth Movers has the highest stake (48%) in the consortium while the other two PSUs — DVC and Coal India — have 26% stake each.

## Pumped Storage Plants

In 2018, DVC announced plans to build six 250 MW pump storage hydel power plants at Lagu Pahar on the Bokaro River.