OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bill Denver

Eura Denver Orem (June 12, 1901 – May 28, 1933) was an American racing driver who competed under the nom de course Bill Denver. He and his riding mechanic, Bob Hurst, died from injuries sustained during a qualification run for the 1933 Indianapolis 500.

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1930 | 44 | 35 | 90.650 | 35 | 22 | 41 | 0 | Rod |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 41 | 0 | |
| Starts | 1 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Front Row | 0 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 0 |
| Top 10 | 0 |
| Retired | 1 |
# Khandavalli Lakshmi Ranjanam

Khandavalli Lakshmi Ranjanam (1 March 1908 – 18 June 1986) is doyen of Telugu literature and research from Andhra Pradesh, India.
He was born in Ganti Pedapudi village, (East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh) of the erstwhile Madras Presidency on 1 March 1908.His ancestral native was Bellampudi, 3 miles from P.Gannavaram. He lost his father early in life and bore the burden of the family. He passed B.A. in first class and M.A. in Telugu and Sanskrit from Madras University. He came to Hyderabad in 1928 and joined as a teacher in a Government school.
Osmania University, though established long ago, did not have a seat in Telugu subject. Rayaprolu Subbarao joined as lecturer in Telugu. Lakshmiranjanam joined under him as junior lecturer. They persuaded the university authorities to open Telugu classes in the constituent colleges. He was elevated to lecturer and head of the department in 1945 and Professor in 1952.
Having established the Telugu department strongly, he turned his efforts to establish a Research wing in Telugu language. The first Ph.D. degree in Telugu from the university was achieved by Dr. B.Rama Raju. He edited some parvas of Tikkana Mahabharatam for Sahitya Academy. His major work is Sangrahandhra Vignanakosam - Encyclopedia in 8 volumes. Between 1912 and 1938 Komarraju Venkata Lakshmana Rao and Kasinadhuni Nageswara Rao compiled Encyclopedia of Telugu - Andhra Vignana Sarvaswam. They could bring 3 volumes. After that Urlam Zamindar Prasadaraya Bahadur with the help of scholars published 7 volumes. Lakshmirajyam with strong determination edited and published 8 volumes of Sangrahandhra Vignana Kosam. He published Andhra History and geographical facts of Andhra Pradesh.
He established Vivekananda Educational Society and started a high school for boys and girls. He started Andhra Oriental Sanskrit and Telugu College at Nallakunta in 1958. This college grew to a Postgraduate Centre and celebrating its Golden jubilee in 2008.
# The Falls (1991 film)

The Falls is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Kevin McMahon and released in 1991. The film is an exploration of the cultural significance held by Niagara Falls in the collective imagination.
According to McMahon, "It would have been very easy to do something trite and cheap and ironic — you know, making fun of Niagara Falls as a tourist trap. But I was interested in exploring the mythic side of it." Instead, he tried to make a film which encompassed all aspects of the Niagara Falls area, including poetic meditation on the power and force of the falls themselves, an acknowledgement of the tacky aspects of the Clifton Hill tourist district, and an exploration of the environmental consequences of pollution and hydroelectric development in the area, including the controversy around Love Canal.
The film was screened for distributors at the Cannes Film Market in May 1991, and had its public premiere at the 1991 Festival of Festivals, before having a limited commercial release in October.

## Response

Jay Scott of The Globe and Mail praised the film, writing that "eventually, the film intermarries the naturally sacred and the unnaturally profane with breathtaking dexterity. An innocuous water slide, for instance, suggests technologically induced pollution; happy tourists in yellow slickers walk through a tunnel to an observation deck, appearing unearthly and ominous, like aliens from a science-fiction film or mad medical technicians on their way to perform sadistic experiments; and the sterile hydroelectric installations recall both the dystopian nightmare city of Metropolis and the high-tech space station utopia of 2001: A Space Odyssey. "It's all in the framing" - The Falls has brilliantly framed Niagara Falls as the picture of a civilization."
Elizabeth Aird of the Vancouver Sun rated the film five stars, writing that "It's as absurdly funny as Errol Morris's Gates of Heaven (about pet cemeteries), as ironically funny as Laurie Anderson's musings about the modern world, and as sad, just plain old sad, as any document about humankind's need to subjugate nature could be."
The film received a Genie Award nomination for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 12th Genie Awards in 1991.
# Johnny Sawyer

John Goldie Sawyer (June 7, 1902 – June 17, 1989) was an American racing driver.

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1933 | 53 | 34 | 110.590 | 28 | 31 | 77 | 0 | Clutch |
| 1934 | 41 | 21 | 109.808 | 27 | 25 | 27 | 0 | Rod |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 104 | 0 | |
| Starts | 2 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Front Row | 0 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 0 |
| Top 10 | 0 |
| Retired | 2 |
# I. P. Fetterman

Isaac Phillips Fetterman (September 1, 1887 – December 5, 1924) was an American racing driver who participated in the 1922 Indianapolis 500.

## Biography

Fetterman was born on September 1, 1887, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Charles Douglass Fetterman and Medora E. Phillips. During World War I he served as a captain in the Royal Flying Corps.
In 1917, Fetterman broke several records at Uniontown Speedway.
On September 5, 1921, Fetterman won the Autumn Classic at Uniontown Speedway.
Fetterman participated in the 1922 Indianapolis 500 using a Duesenberg Straight-8 engine. He finished seventh, winning $1,800.
Fetterman died on December 5, 1924, in Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania at age 37.

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1922 | 21 | 13 | 93.280 | 17 | 7 | 200 | 0 | Running |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 200 | 0 | |
| Starts | 1 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Front Row | 0 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 0 |
| Top 10 | 1 |
| Retired | 0 |
# Family (2012 TV series)

Family (Korean: 패밀리; RR: Paemilri) is a 2012 South Korean family sitcom starring Hwang Shin-hye, Ahn Suk-hwan, Park Ji-yoon and Park Hee-von. It aired on KBS2 from August 13, 2012 to February 6, 2013, on Mondays to Fridays at 19:45 for 120 episodes.
It is also known under its previous title Shut Up Family (Korean: 닥치고 패밀리; RR: Dagchigo paemilri).

## Plot

Woo Shin-hye is a divorcee who lives with her vain mother and two beautiful daughters — the older one who cares deeply about her image but is secretly a slob, and the younger who is intelligent and seemingly kind, but has a sly and cruel personality. They are filthy rich thanks to Shin-hye's beauty salon. Yeol Suk-hwan is a widowed and enthusiastic single father who works at a Youth Centre to support his poor family. He lives with his greedy but kind mother-in-law, and three children — two sons, the oldest who is a bread errand boy and is bullied in school, and the youngest who is an innocent but slow child, as well as a smart, strong but homely daughter who others mistake for an older woman.
Shin-hye and Suk-hwan unexpectedly fall in love and marry. Now that the two families live under the same roof, conflicts constantly arise due to differences in personalities and lifestyles. However, they work their problems together and help each other out, successfully or not, and they eventually become a real family.

## Cast
### Woo family

* Hwang Shin-hye as Woo Shin-hye
* Park Ji-yoon as Woo Ji-yoon
* Kim Da-som as Woo Da-yoon
* Sunwoo Yong-nyeo as Na Il-ran
* Lee Bon as Woo Bon

### Yeol family

* Ahn Suk-hwan as Yeol Suk-hwan
* Park Hee-von as Yeol Hee-bong
* Choi Woo-shik as Yeol Woo-bong
* Kim Dan-yool as Yeol Mak-bong
* Nam Neung-mi as Goong Ae-ja
* Kim Hyung-beom as Yeol Hyung-beom

### E Coffee

* Shim Ji-ho as Cha Ji-ho
* Min Chan-gi as Al
* Park Seo-joon as Cha Seo-joon

### Extended cast

* Park Sung-kwang as Goong Sang-in
* Kim Dong-beom as Bin Dae-chul
* Wang Ji-won as instructor
* Choi Ha-na as Choi Ha-na
* Han Yeo-wool as Han Yeo-wool
* Joo Young-ho as Joo Young-ho

### Cameo appearance

* Kim Won-hyo as aesthetic goose customer couple
* Shin Jin-hwa as aesthetic goose customer couple
* Jung Kyung-mi as Mak-bong's homeroom teacher
* Shin Bo-ra as drunk and crazy fan of Hyung-beom's
* Yoon Bo-ra as herself
* Bang Min-ah as a character in Woo-bong's fan fiction novel
* Yura as a character in Woo-bong's fan fiction novel
* Choi Ah-ra as Shin Jang-mi
* Kim Jae-kyung as Yoon Yoo-mi
* Ji Soo as Han Song-yi
* Jo Kwan-woo as Shin-hye's ex-husband
* Park Hwi-soon as university group senior
* Song Ji-eun as high school girl stalker
* K.Will as Roy Kwak
* Jeong Ga-eun as Mi-ja
* Gong Hyun-joo as Lee Hee-jae
* Jeong Jin-woon as Kang Dong-won
* Si-hwan as Seo-joon's classmate

## Awards

* 2012 K-Drama Star Awards: Best Comic Acting - Ahn Suk-hwan
* 2012 KBS Entertainment Awards: Excellence Award, Female Performer in a Variety Show - Hwang Shin-hye
# Graman Quassi

Graman Quassi (c. 1692 – 12 March 1787) was a Surinamese physician, botanist and planter. Born in present-day Ghana, Quassi was taken to the Dutch colony of Surinam via the Atlantic slave trade, where he was initially enslaved on a sugar plantation before managing to emancipate himself. Assisting the Dutch colonial authorities in suppressing the activities of local maroons, he managed to rise to the top of the colony's small community of free people of color and eventually became a plantation owner himself. He gave his name to the plant genus Quassia.

## Biography

Quassi's roots were among the Kwa speaking Akan people of present-day Ghana, but as a child he was enslaved and brought to the New World. In Suriname, a Dutch colony in South America, he was first put to work in the sugar plantation of New Timotebo. Quassi had great linguistic and botanical knowledge. He was famed as a healer. He obtained his freedom in 1755.
Quassi participated in the colonial wars against the Saramaka maroons as a scout and negotiator for the Dutch. He lost his right ear during the fighting. For this reason the Surinamese Maroons remember him as a traitor. In the late 1760s, he was owner of a slave plantation.
In February 1772, he visited the Netherlands, and was given an audience by William V, Prince of Orange. He returned to Suriname in September 1772.
On 12 March 1787, Governor Wichers announced that Quassi had died in Paramaribo at the age of at least 95. He was buried by the Free Negro Corps.

## Legacy

One of his remedies was a bitter tea that he used to treat infections by intestinal parasites, this concoction was based on the plant Quassia amara which Carl Linnaeus named after him, as the discoverer of its medicinal properties. Quassia continues to be used in industrially produced medicines against intestinal parasites today. In contemporary accounts he was described as "one of the most extraordinary black men in Suriname, and perhaps the world"
# Academia Nacional de Letras

The Academia Nacional de Letras (English: "National Academy of Letters") is an association of academics and experts on the use of the Spanish language in Uruguay.
It was founded in Montevideo on February 10, 1943. Among the first members were Cardinal Antonio María Barbieri, Víctor Pérez Petit, Emilio Frugoni, Juana de Ibarbourou, Emilio Oribe, Alberto Zum Felde, and Carlos Martínez Vigil.
Since 1960, it is a member of the Association of Spanish Language Academies.
# Kilmakho

Kilmakho (Arabic: كِلْمَاخُو, romanized: Kilmākhū) is a Syrian village in the Qardaha District in Latakia Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kilmakho had a population of 2,252 in the 2004 census.
# Egmont Museum

The Egmont Museum (Dutch: Egmontkamer) is a museum about Lamoral, Count of Egmont in the former Town Hall of Zottegem, Belgium.
The museum was opened in 2018 for the commemoration of the 450th anniversary of the beheading of Lamoral on Grand-Place/Grote Markt in Brussels in 1568. It showcases different historical items relating to Egmont such as paintings, etchings, coins and floor tiling from Egmont Castle. Furthermore, several objects from Egmont's crypt are shown, such as the 16th-century burial plaque of his wife Sabina, the plaque dating from the rediscovery of the crypt in 1804, the embalmed hearts of Lamoral and his sons Charles and Philip and 3D prints of Egmont's and Sabina's skulls.
Since 1984, the former Town Hall also houses a shrine containing the cleft cervical vertebra of Lamoral. Two paintings of Egmont are on display: Last honours to Egmont and Horne (1882) by Louis Gallait and Egmond castle in Egmond aan den Hoef (around 1570) by Dutch master Gillis De Saen.

## Images

* Interior of the Egmont Museum in the former Town Hall of Zottegem
* Coins excavated in a burnt layer in the northwest wing of Egmont Castle
* Embalmed hearts of Lamoral and his sons Charles and Philip, from Egmont's crypt
* Key piece from the Knights' Room of Egmont Castle with Egmont's shield
# Resorcinarene

In chemistry, a resorcinarene (also resorcarene or calix[4]resorcinarene) is a macrocycle, or a cyclic oligomer, based on the condensation of resorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene) and an aldehyde. Resorcinarenes are a type of calixarene. Other types of resorcinarenes include the related pyrogallolarenes and octahydroxypyridines, derived from pyrogallol and 2,6-dihydroxypyridine, respectively.
Resorcinarenes interact with other molecules forming a host–guest complex. Resorcinarenes and pyrogallolarenes self-assemble into larger supramolecular structures. Both in the crystalline state and in organic solvents, six resorcinarene molecules are known to form hexamers with an internal volume of around one cubic nanometer (nanocapsules) and shapes similar to the Archimedean solids. Hydrogen bonds appear to hold the assembly together. A number of solvent or other molecules reside inside. The resorcinarene is also the basic structural unit for other molecular recognition scaffolds, typically formed by bridging the phenolic oxygens with alkyl or aromatic spacers. A number of molecular structures are based on this macrocycle, namely cavitands and carcerands.

## Synthesis

The resorcinarenes are typically prepared by condensation of resorcinol and an aldehyde in acid solution. This reaction was first described by Adolf von Baeyer who described the condensation of resorcinol and benzaldehyde but was unable to elucidate the nature of the product(s). The methods have since been refined. Recrystallization typically gives the desired isomer in quite pure form. However, for certain aldehydes, the reaction conditions lead to significant by-products. Alternative condensation conditions have been developed, including the use of Lewis acid catalysts.
A green chemistry procedure uses solvent-free conditions: resorcinol, an aldehyde, and p-toluenesulfonic acid are ground together in a mortar and pestle at low temperature.

## Structure

Resorcinarenes can be characterized by a wide upper rim and a narrow lower rim. The upper rim includes eight hydroxyl groups that can participate in hydrogen bonding interactions. Depending on the aldehyde starting material, the lower rim includes four appending groups, usually chosen to give optimal solubility. The resorcin[n]arene nomenclature is analogous to that of calix[n]arenes, in which 'n' represents the number of repeating units in the ring. Pyrogallolarenes are related macrocycles derived from the condensation of pyrogallol (1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene) with an aldehyde.
Resorcinarenes and pyrogallolarenes self-assemble to give supramolecular assemblies. Both in the crystalline state and in solution, they are known to form hexamers that are akin to certain Archimedean solids with an internal volume of around one cubic nanometer (nanocapsules). (Isobutylpyrogallol[4]arene)$_6$ is held together by 48 intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The remaining 24 hydrogen bonds are intramolecular. The cavity is filled by solvent.

## Catalysis

The resorcinarene hexamer has been described as a yoctolitre reaction vessel. Within the confines of the container, terpene cyclizations and iminium catalyzed reactions have been observed.
# Designation (monarchy)

In monarchies where the order of succession is not coded, the ruling or previous monarch specifies the relative he/she command or recommend to succeed him/her after his/her death or while he/she is alive.

## Origin of the term

The word "designation" is derived from the Latin and means the nomination, in advance, of someone to an office.

## Middle Ages

Designation played a significant constitutional and political role in the succession of the Frankish monarchy and, later, in the succession of kings in the Holy Roman Empire in Middle Ages. Because the throne was not passed on by inheritance, the king tried to determine his successor by making a recommendation to the "greats of the empire" (i.e. the empire's most powerful princes) within his own lifetime. Not infrequently this took the form of an actual nomination, but was probably also indicated by less formal acts.
Four forms of designation can be distinguished, which have legally different meanings:
* the designatio de futuro, the obligation demanded by the reigning king on the "great princes" to recognise the succession of his son by swearing an oath of allegiance to the son (examples are the designation of Liudolf in 946 by Otto I, Henry III in 1026 and Henry IV in 1050.
* the designatio de praesenti of the pre-Hohenstaufen era, the election of the king's son commanded by the king during his lifetime (for example, the designation of Otto III)
* the designatio de praesenti of the Hohenstaufen era (e. g. the designation of Henry VI in 1169)
* the Fremddesignation, i. e. the designation of a successor who is not the son of the ruler (e. g. the designation of Henry I in 919 and Frederick I in 1152)
The attempt by rulers to override the electoral rights of the princes in this way was no longer as successful after 1075, which is why Henry VI pursued an Erbreichsplan or "plan for a hereditary empire. With the double election of 1198, he had practically failed, but the right of the princes to elect the king despite a royal designation was settled only with the formation of the college of electors (Kurfürstenkolleg).

## Literature

* G. Theuerkauf: Artikel Designation in: Handwörterbuch zur deutschen Rechtsgeschichte (HRG). 2nd edn., Vol. 1, Berlin, 2008, cols. 955–957.
* Ulrich Schmidt: Königswahl und Thronfolge im 12. Jahrhundert (=Forschungen zur Kaiser und Papstgeschichte des Mittelalters. Beihefte zu J. F. Böhmer, Regesta Imperii 7), Cologne, Vienna, 1987.
* Heinrich Mitteis: Die deutsche Königswahl. Ihre Rechtsgrundlagen bis zur Goldenen Bulle. 2nd revised edition. Brünn etc. 1944.
# Charity Case

"Charity Case" is the third episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama series House and the 158th overall episode of the series. It aired on Fox in the United States on October 17, 2011. It is also the penultimate episode with Olivia Wilde as Dr. Remy Hadley (Thirteen). This episode seems loosely based on the American investor Zell Kravinsky, even using his quote that "to withhold a kidney from someone who would otherwise die means valuing one’s own life at 4,000 times that of a stranger".

## Plot

Philanthropist Benjamin Byrd (Wentworth Miller) collapses outside of a training center for the homeless where he's made an incognito visit. When brought into Princeton Plainsboro, he offers a large payment to the hospital so that House will be able to reassemble his diagnostics team. Wilson is also placed in an ethical bind because Byrd offers a kidney to one of Wilson's needy patients. The team tries to determine whether Byrd's generosity is a symptom of mental instability, something confirmed when he offers his other kidney to Thirteen and says he's willing to live on dialysis.
Dr. Jessica Adams works with House on a volunteer basis. She and Dr. Park clash over both their diagnoses of the patient and Adams' insistence on giving the proud Park increasingly large gifts, finally paying for House's car repair under the impression that it is Park's car.
House reaches out to the retired Thirteen. She aids him on the case and is nearly persuaded to return to the diagnostic team full-time. He then fires her so that she can go to Greece with her new girlfriend guilt-free.

## Reception

This episode was watched by 8.34 million US viewers. The A.V. Club gave this episode a B rating.

## Trivia

Because of this episode a Dutch man donated a kidney to a stranger in 2012.
# Ray Allen (cricketer)

Raymond Allen (27 October 1908 – 2 August 1979) was a New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Wellington from 1942 to 1954.
A left-arm spin bowler, Allen took five wickets in an innings in each of Wellington's two matches against Auckland in 1944–45, and was chosen to represent North Island at the end of the season. His best figures were 5 for 58 in his last first-class match, against the touring Fijians in 1953–54.
Playing for Kilbirnie in Wellington club cricket and in minor matches for Wellington in the 1935–36 season he took 100 wickets at an average of 12.37. In February 1944, he ran out the Canterbury batsman John Smith while Smith was backing up; he had previously warned Smith against leaving the crease too soon.
His son Gary played first-class cricket for Wellington in the 1970s.
# JS Kenryū

JS Kenryū (SS-504) is the fourth boat of Sōryū-class submarines. She was commissioned on 16 March 2012.

## Construction and career

Kenryū was laid down at Kawasaki Heavy Industries Kobe Shipyard on March 31, 2008, as the 2007 plan 2900-ton submarine No. 8119 based on the medium-term defense capability development plan. At the launching ceremony, she was named Kenryū and launched on 15 November 2010. She was commissioned on 16 March 2012 and deployed to Kure.
Kenryū participated in US dispatch training (to Hawaii) from January 18 to April 9, 2016.
From February 12 to May 10, 2020, Kenryū was dispatched as part of offshore training and facility utilization training conducted in the Hawaiian Islands area.

## Gallery

* JS Kenryū underway, date unknown.
* JS Kenryū underway, date unknown.
* JS Kenryū underway, date unknown.
# Stasera mi butto (film)

Stasera mi butto (literally 'Tonight I'm jumping in') is a 1967 Italian musicarello film directed by Ettore Maria Fizzarotti. It is based on the hit song with the same title by Rocky Roberts.

## Cast

* Marisa Sannia as Marisa
* Giancarlo Giannini as Professor Carlo Timidoni
* Nino Taranto as Marisa's father
* Lola Falana as Lola
* Rocky Roberts as Rocky
* Franco Franchi as Franco
* Ciccio Ingrassia as Ciccio
* Caterina Boratto as Countess Eugenia
* Stelvio Rosi as Fabrizio
* Giuseppe Porelli as Fefè
* Enrico Viarisio as Fefè's father
* Renata Pacini [it] as Renata
* Enrico Montesano as Enrico
* Enzo Cannavale as the waiter
* Dada Gallotti as Tilde

## Production

The film is based on the hit song "Stasera mi butto" by Rocky Roberts, who also appear in the film. Principal photography started in Castel Volturno on 21 August 1967. The film was shot in just 13 days.

## Release

The film was released domestically by Titanus on 3 November 1967. It was released in Spain as Esta noche me lanzo on 14 October 1968. In 1975, following the success achieved by Giancarlo Giannini, it was re-released as Il Professor Timidoni (Professor Timidoni being Giannini's character in the film).