OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Trader Horn

Alfred Aloysius "Trader" Horn (born Alfred Aloysius Smith; 21 June 1861 – 26 June 1931) was an ivory trader in central Africa.
His memoirs detailing his journeys, were transcribed and edited by the novelist Ethelreda Lewis and published in three volumes. The memoir also documents his efforts to free slaves; meeting the founder of Rhodesia, Cecil Rhodes; and liberating a princess from captivity.

## Film adaptations

* Trader Horn (1931)
* Trader Horn (1973)

## Memoirs

* Horn, Alfred Aloysius. Trader Horn; Being the Life and Works of Aloysius Horn, an "Old Visiter" ... the works written by himself at the age of seventy-three and the life, with such of his philosophy as is the gift of age and experience, taken down and here edited by Ethelreda Lewis;
** Vol. I: The Ivory Coast in the Earlies: the narrative of a boy trader's adventures in the Seventies, through which runs the strange thread that is the History - meagre, but all that is available - of a young English Gentlewoman; with a foreword by John Galsworthy. London: Jonathan Cape, 1927; New York: Garden City Publishing Co., 1927 (302pp.)
** Vol. II: Harold the Webbed or The Young Vykings; with a foreword by William McFee. London: Jonathan Cape, 1928; New York: Simon & Schuster, 1928 (275pp.)
** Vol. III: The Waters of Africa. London: Jonathan Cape, 1929; New York: Simon & Schuster, 1929 (279pp.)

## Later editions

* Horn, Alfred Aloysius; Lewis, Ethelreda (1938), Trader Horn: The Ivory Coast in the earlies : written at the age of seventy-three with such of the author's philosophy as is the gift of age and experience taken down and here, Penguin, retrieved 30 March 2015
* Horn, Alfred Aloysius; Lewis, Ethelreda (1969), Trader horn : the Ivory Coast in the earlies, written at the age of seventy-three with such of the author's philosophy as is the gift of age and experience taken down and here, Howard Baker, ISBN 978-0-09-307940-4
* Horn, Alfred Aloysius; Lewis, Ethelreda (1994), Trader Horn the Ivory Coast in the earlies, Association for the Blind of W.A, retrieved 30 March 2015
* Horn, Alfred Aloysius; Lewis, Ethelreda (2002), Trader Horn : a young man's astounding adventures in 19th century equatorial Africa, Travelers' Tales; Berkeley : Distributed by Publishers Group West, ISBN 978-1-885211-81-1

## Other works

* list of publications and editions
# East Germanic languages

The East Germanic languages, also called the Oder-Vistula Germanic languages, are a group of extinct Germanic languages that were spoken by East Germanic peoples. East Germanic is one of the primary branches of Germanic languages, along with North Germanic and West Germanic.
The only East Germanic language of which texts are known is Gothic, although a word list and some short sentences survive from the debatedly-related Crimean Gothic. Other East Germanic languages include Vandalic and Burgundian, though the only remnants of these languages are in the form of isolated words and short phrases. Furthermore, the inclusion of Burgundian has been called into doubt. Crimean Gothic is believed to have survived until the 18th century in isolated areas of Crimea.$^{:189}$

## History

East Germanic was presumably native to the north of Central Europe, especially modern Poland, and likely even the first branch to split off from Proto-Germanic in the first millennium BC.
For many years, the least controversial theory of the origin of the Germanic (and East Germanic) languages was the so-called Gotho-Nordic hypothesis: that they originated in the Nordic Bronze Age of Southern Scandinavia and along the coast of the northernmost parts of Germany.
By the 1st century AD, the writings of Pomponius Mela, Pliny the Elder, and Tacitus indicate a division of Germanic-speaking peoples into large groupings with shared ancestry and culture. (This division has been taken over in modern terminology about the divisions of Germanic languages.)
Based on accounts by Jordanes, Procopius, Paul the Deacon and others, as well as linguistic, toponymic, and archaeological evidence, the East Germanic tribes, the speakers of the East Germanic languages related to the North Germanic tribes, had migrated from Scandinavia into the area lying east of the Elbe. In fact, the Scandinavian influence on Pomerania and today's northern Poland from c. 1300–1100 BC (Nordic Bronze Age sub-period III) onwards was so considerable that this region is sometimes included in the Nordic Bronze Age culture.
There is also archaeological and toponymic evidence which has been taken as suggesting that Burgundians lived on the Danish island of Bornholm (Old Norse: Burgundaholmr), and that Rugians lived on the Norwegian coast of Rogaland (Old Norse: Rygjafylki).

## Classification

* East Germanic †
** Gothic †
** Vandalic †
** Burgundian †
** Bastarnisch (German -isch corresponds to English -ish, -ic, -ian) †
** Gepidisch (Spoken by the Gepids) †
** Herulisch †
** Rugisch †
** Skirisch †
** Crimean Gothic † (disputed, alternatively considered to be West Germanic)
Frederik Hartmann argues that East Germanic is not a valid genetic clade, as the three most attested languages conventionally identified as east Germanic (Burgundian, Vandalic, Gothic) do not share any common innovations with each other and all independently split from Proto-Germanic. Hartmann instead prefers the term Eastern rim languages to refer to these languages.
# Khansaa - Shetheh

Khansaa - Shetheh (Arabic: الخنساء الشعثة) is a Syrian village located in Al-Suqaylabiyah Nahiyah in Al-Suqaylabiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Khansaa - Shetheh had a population of 715 in the 2004 census.
# Skënder Anamali

Skënder Anamali (5 May 1921 – 21 April 1996) was an Albanian archaeologist and historian. He was one of the founders of Albanian archaeology. He made significant contributions to the field of Illyrian studies.

## Biography

Skënder Anamali was born and raised in Shkodër. After completing high school in his hometown, Anamali continued his studies at the Faculty of Literature and Philosophy at the University of Padua in Italy, gaining knowledge in the field of antiquity. On returning to Albania after his studies, he began a career as an archaeologist at the Institute of Sciences in Tirana.
Together with his colleague Hasan Ceka, he opened the first Archaeological museum in Tirana in 1948. Anamali became known for his excavations in the city of Amantia, Apollonia, Epidamnos (Durrës), and many other places. He focused on studying the culture of late antiquity and early medieval times in the Albanian territory.
The results of these investigations appeared in over 70 articles and scientific studies, making Anamali a significant contributor to the field of archaeology and ancient history of Illyrians. He was an author of the monograph on the Illyrian city of Amantia and a co-author of important works such as Illyrians and Illyria among ancient authors (1965) and The History of Albania, vol. I (1959).
Anamali contributed to the expansion of archaeological research to Mat and Stelush, to Lin, Korçë and even to Kosovo, but first of all to Koman, where for the first time the existence of a cultural layer of the bridge from the Illyrians to the Arbers, a layer that also proved their typological continuity. Today the Koman culture has become a reference point not only to date archaeological discoveries, but also to make comparisons of layers, cultures and civilizations, autochthonous and allochthonous. During the archaeological expedition of 1960s and 1970s, in Kosovo, together with Muhamet Pirraku, he explored the ruins of the castles of Verboc and Kosmaç in Drenica region.
Anamali was active in international cooperaration, being a member of the International Association for Greek and Latin Epigraphy based in Paris. He helped establish several archaeological museums.
Anamali died on 21 April 1996 in Tirana.

## Publications

* Illyrians and Illyria among ancient authors (Ilirët dhe Iliria tek autorët antikë), coauthor, 1965
* The History of Albania vol. I (Historia e Shqipërisë) coathor, 1959
* Mosaiques de l'Albanie, (with Stilian Adhami) 1974
* Archaeology and Agriculture (Arkeologjia dhe bujqësia) author, 1980
* Corpus des inscriptions latines d'Albanie, 2009
* Historia e popullit shqiptar, 2002, 2008 OCLC 66654982
# Dan Burke (baseball)

Daniel L. Burke (October 25, 1868 – March 20, 1933) was an American reserve catcher/outfielder in Major League Baseball who played briefly for the Rochester Broncos and the Syracuse Stars in 1890, and with the Boston Beaneaters in 1892. Listed at 5' 10", 190 lb., Burke batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Abington, Massachusetts.
In a 42-game career, Burke was a .175 hitter (22-for-126) with 15 runs, one double, nine RBI, and a .307 on-base percentage without any home runs.

## Death

Burke died at the age of 64 in Taunton, Massachusetts.
# Median multiple

The Median multiple or Median house price to income ratio is a housing indicator used to indicate the affordability of housing in any given community. The Median house price to income ratio was the primary indicator H1 of the 1991 World Bank/UNCHS Housing Indicator system. It was subsequently used as a measure of affordability by the UN Commission for Sustainable Development, the National Association of Realtors, State of the Environment 2003 Tasmania, and the Mortgage Guide UK.
The indicator has been popularised by Demographia International, and was called the 'Median multiple' from their second comparative international survey in 2006.
The median multiple is the ratio of the median house price by the median gross (before tax) annual household income. This measure has historically hovered around a value of 3 or less, but in recent years has risen dramatically, especially in markets with public policy constraints on land and development.

## Housing Affordability Rating

The 2024 Demographia International Housing Affordability report uses the following affordability categories based on the median multiple for a given market:
| Housing Affordability Rating | Median Multiple |
| Affordable | 3.0 & Under |
| Moderately Unaffordable | 3.1 to 4.0 |
| Seriously Unaffordable | 4.1 to 5.0 |
| Severely Unaffordable | 5.1 to 8.9 |
| Impossibly Unaffordable | 9.0 & Over |
# 12th Division (Iraq)

The 12th Light Infantry Division was a formation of the Iraqi Army. It dissolved under ISIS pressure during the Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014) and was not reformed.
The 12th Division was originally activated in the 1970s or 1980s, and probably disbanded after 1991 (it was not listed in a Jane's Intelligence Review survey of September 1997). It was an armoured division during the 1991 Persian Gulf War. It was part of the armoured reserves in the rear of the Kuwaiti theatre, as part of the Jihad Corps alongside the 10th Armoured Division. U.S. Army analysts believed the two divisions retained an average "combat effectiveness percentage" of 59%. Among the division's brigades was the 50th Armoured Brigade, under the command of Colonel Mohammed Ashad.
After the ground offensive began, the U.S. 1st Infantry Division (Mechanized) and the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment destroyed most of the division, destroying no less than 80 combat vehicles. Other elements of the division were destroyed by British forces during the Battle of Norfolk.

## After 2003 invasion of Iraq

The 12th Division was planned to be established in July 2008 by doubling the 4th Division. Its home base was planned to be at Tikrit and take into account the province of Salah ad-Din Governorate. It was to be initially made up of three trained strategic infrastructure brigades and was to receive the 4th Brigade, 4th Division. A new 4th Brigade was to have been formed for the 4th Division from effective excess staff from the other three brigades of the division.
Division Units:
* Headquarters and Service Company
* 46th Motorised Brigade (ex-1st Strategic Infrastructure Brigade)
* 47th Motorised Brigade (ex-2nd Strategic Infrastructure Brigade)
* 48th Brigade (ex-9th Strategic Infrastructure Brigade)
* 49th Brigade (ex-4-4)
* 12th Motorized Transportation Regiment
The 49th Brigade, former 4th Brigade of the 4th Division, the more operational brigade of 12th Division is currently (July 2008) deployed to Baghdad to take part in the battles of Sadr City.
The 48th Brigade is now part of the 4th Division.
Circa 2009 the 12th Division was located in Tikrit.
As July 2010, the division's units were its Headquarters and Service Company; the 15th (Eagles) Brigade (from 4th Division); the 46th Motorised Brigade (ex-1st Strategic Infrastructure Brigade); the 47th Motorised Brigade (ex-2nd Strategic Infrastructure Brigade); the 49th Brigade (ex-4-4); and the 12th Motorized Transportation Regiment.
The division dissolved under pressure during the North Iraq offensive (June 2014) and was not reformed.
# Elephantiasis

Elephantiasis, often incorrectly called elephantitis, is the enlargement and hardening of limbs or body parts due to tissue swelling (edema). It is characterised by edema, hypertrophy, and fibrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissues, due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels (lymphedema). It may affect the genitalia. The term elephantiasis is often used in reference to symptoms caused by parasitic worm infections, but may refer to a variety of diseases that swell parts of the subject's body to exceptionally massive proportions.

## Cause

Some conditions that present with elephantiasis include the following:
* Elephantiasis nostras, due to longstanding chronic lymphangitis.
* Elephantiasis tropica (known as lymphatic filariasis), caused by a number of parasitic worms, particularly Wuchereria bancrofti. More than 120 million people, mostly in Africa and Southeast Asia, are affected.
* Nonfilarial elephantiasis (or podoconiosis), an immune disease affecting the lymph vessels
* Leishmaniasis
* Elephantiasis, Grade 3 lymphedema, which may occur in people with breast cancer
* Genital elephantiasis, result of lymphogranuloma venereum
* Proteus syndrome, a genetic disorder best known as the condition possibly experienced by Joseph Merrick, the so-called Elephant Man
Other causes may include the following:
* Repeated streptococcal infection
* Lymphadenectomy
* Hereditary birth defects
* Pretibial myxedema
Other diseases, such as the rare Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome, can initially be misdiagnosed as elephantiasis.
# Ammar Al-Haqbani

Ammar Al-Haqbani (Arabic: عمار الحقباني; born 15 December 1998) is a Saudi Arabia-born American tennis player.
Al-Haqbani has a career high ATP singles ranking of 1580 achieved on 30 April 2018. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 2134 achieved on 2 August 2021.
Al-Haqbani represents Saudi Arabia at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 28–6.
Al-Haqbani played college tennis at the University of Virginia.
# Geoffrey Seaton

Geoffrey Stuart Seaton (6 March 1926 – 18 November 2020) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.
Seaton was born at Kemp Town in Brighton on 6 March 1926. He attended Denstone College in Staffordshire before going up to Peterhouse, Cambridge. He played first-class cricket for Cambridge University in 1946 and 1947, making five appearances. He scored 123 runs in his five matches, averaging 17.57 and with a high score of 51.
After graduating from Cambridge, Seaton was commissioned into the British Army as a second lieutenant in the Royal Engineers, with promotion to lieutenant in January 1950. He was promoted to captain in January 1954.
While serving in the army, Seaton studied at Merton College, Oxford, in 1956 and 1957 on the Army Geodesy Course. He made a further three appearances in first-class cricket for Oxford University in 1957, scoring 73 runs with a high score of 26. He was promoted to major in January 1961, and retired from active service in January 1962.
Seaton died in West Sussex on 18 November 2020, at the age of 94.
# Qal'at al-Jaras

Qal'at al-Jaras (Arabic: قلعة الجراص qal‘at al-jarāṣ) is a Syrian village located in Al-Suqaylabiyah Nahiyah in Al-Suqaylabiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), the village had a population of 776 in the 2004 census.
# Saturniinae

The Saturniinae or saturniines are a subfamily of the family Saturniidae, also known as giant silkmoths. They are commonly known as emperor moths or wild silk moths. They are easily spotted by the eyespots on the upper surface of their wings. Some exhibit realistic eye-like markings, whilst others have adapted the eyespots to form crescent moon or angular shapes or have lost their wing scales to create transparent windows. They are medium to very large moths, with adult wingspans ranging from 7.5 to 15 cm, in some cases even more. They consist of some of the largest sized Lepidoptera, such as the luna moth, atlas moth, and many more. The Saturniinae is an important source of wild silk and human food in many different cultures.
The saturniine genera, approximately 169 in number, are divided into four major and one minor (Micragonini) tribes. The genus Adafroptilum presently consists of a group of species with undetermined relationships.
Adults in the Saturniinae typically live about 5–12 days and are mostly nocturnal, excluding males in four of the subfamilies. The moths do not eat during their short lives and their mouths are not fully formed. In some species of Saturniinae, there is unmistakable sexual dimorphism. The females in these subfamilies can weigh almost double that of the males, are larger in size, and have larger wings.
The Saturniinae's eggs are oblong and are laid flat against each other in clusters. Once hatched, the larval period lasts about 78 days. They typically pass through five larval instars (excluding egg, pupa and adult), although some may have more. The pupal stage takes place in an often yellowish cocoon. In this stage, they resemble small wooden barrels in shape and color.

## Genera

Tribe Attacini
* Archaeoattacus
* Attacus
* Callosamia
* Coscinocera
* Epiphora
* Eupackardia
* Hyalophora
* Rhodinia
* Rothschildia Grote, 1896
* Samia
Tribe Bunaeini Packard, 1902
* Athletes
* Aurivillius
* Bunaea
* Bunaeopsis
* Cinabra
* Cirina
* Eochroa
* Gonimbrasia
* Gynanisa
* Heniocha
* Imbrasia
* Leucopteryx
* Lobobunaea
* Melanocera
* Nudaurelia
* Protogynanisa
* Pseudimbrasia
* Pseudobunaea
* Rohaniella
* Ubaena
Tribe Micragonini Cockerell in Packard, 1914
* Adafroptilum
* Carnegia
* Decachorda
* Goodia
* Holocerina
* Ludia
* Micragone
* Orthogonioptilum
* Pseudoludia
* Vegetia
Tribe Saturniini Boisduval, 1837
* Actias – Asian-American moon moths
* Agapema (sometimes included in Saturnia)
* Antheraea – tussar moths
* Antheraeopsis
* Argema – African moon moths
* Caligula (sometimes included in Saturnia or Rinaca)
* Calosaturnia (sometimes included in Saturnia)
* Ceranchia
* Copaxa
* Cricula
* Eudia (mostly included in Saturnia)
* Graellsia
* Lemaireia
* Loepa
* Loepantheraea
* Neodiphthera
* Neoris (mostly included in Saturnia)
* Opodiphthera
* Pararhodia
* Perisomena (sometimes included in Saturnia)
* Rinaca
* Saturnia – typical emperor moths
* Solus
* Syntherata
Tribe Urotini
* Antherina
* Antistathmoptera
* Eosia
* Eudaemonia
* Maltagorea
* Parusta
* Pselaphelia
* Pseudantheraea
* Pseudaphelia
* Sinobirma
* Tagoropsis
* Urota
* Usta
# Balikpapan–Samarinda Toll Road

Balikpapan–Samarinda Toll Road or Balsam Toll Road is an expressway which is constructed to connect Balikpapan with Samarinda of East Kalimantan, Indonesia as well as the proposed new capital city of the country.

## History

This is the first expressway in Kalimantan (Indonesian portion), second in the entire Borneo island after Tun Salahuddin Toll Bridge, Sarawak, Malaysia was completed in 2003. The toll road is 99.3 kilometers (325,787 ft) long. Samboja-Samarinda section (58.7 kilometers (192,585 ft)) of the toll road has been inaugurated by President Joko Widodo on 17 December 2019. On 24 August 2021, the toll has officially connected both Balikpapan and Samarinda through the inaugurations of sections I and V.

## Development

The construction of the 99.3 kilometers (325,787 ft) expressway was started on 12 January 2011. The project was officially inaugurated by Governor of East Kalimantan, but the construction halted in 2012 because of financial shortage. In November 2015, President Joko Widodo relaunched the construction of the toll road. In early September 2019, the toll constructions have achieved 97 percent and predicted will be finished in October 2019. The toll road will also be connected to the proposed new capital city of Indonesia.

## Sections

Balikpapan-Samarinda toll road consists of five sections,
* Section 1: starts from KM 13 to Samboja along 21.95 kilometers (72,014 ft); it is formally opened on 21 August 2021
* Section 2: from Samboja to Muara Jawa along 30.05 kilometers (98,589 ft), it is formally opened on 17 December 2019;
* Section 3: from Muara Jawa to Palaran along 18.2 kilometers (59,711 ft), it is formally opened on 17 December 2019;
* Section 4: from Palaran to Samarinda (north of the Mahakam) is 17.15 kilometers (56,266 ft) long, it is formally opened on 17 December 2019;
* Section 5: from Km 13 Balikpapan to Manggar is 11.09 kilometers (36,385 ft) long; it is formally opened on 21 August 2021.

## Exits

| Province | Location | km | mi | Exit | Name | Destinations | Notes |
| East Kalimantan | Manggar, Balikpapan | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Manggar Ramp | ManggarEast Balikpapan | Southeastern terminus |
| East Kalimantan | Manggar, Balikpapan | 1.8 | 1.1 | Manggar Toll Gate | Manggar Toll Gate | Manggar Toll Gate | Manggar Toll Gate |
| East Kalimantan | North Balikpapan, Balikpapan | 11.1 | 6.9 | 11 | Karang Joang Toll Gate | Karang JoangBalikpapanKariangau | |
| East Kalimantan | Samboja, Kutai Kartanegara Regency | 33.1 | 20.6 | 33 | Samboja Toll Gate | SambojaSepaku | |
| East Kalimantan | Palaran, Samarinda | 88 | 55 | 88.2 | Loa Janan Ramp | Loa JananPalaran StadiumTenggarong | Northwest-bound exit & Southeast-bound entry only |
| East Kalimantan | Palaran, Samarinda | 88.2 | 54.8 | Palaran Toll Gate | Palaran Toll Gate | Palaran Toll Gate | Palaran Toll Gate |
| East Kalimantan | Palaran, Samarinda | 95.0 | 59.0 | 95 | Samarinda Ramp | SamarindaSambutanSanga-Sanga | Northwestern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Electronic toll collection Incomplete access ||||||||