OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Capture of Minorca (1708)

The Capture of Minorca saw the island of Menorca captured from Spain by British and Dutch forces acting on behalf of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor the Austrian claimant to the Spanish throne in September 1708 during the War of the Spanish Succession. The British would later annex the island as their own possession at the Treaty of Utrecht (1713).

## Background

Since 1702 a war had been fought over who would inherit the Spanish throne with Britain and the Dutch supporting the Austrian candidate while France and her allies supported a French candidate. In 1704 the Anglo-Dutch fleet had captured Gibraltar and defeated a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Málaga. Allied forces had also landed in Catalunya where they captured Barcelona in 1705. The Catalans largely supported the Austrian claimant and many joined the Allied armies.

## Landing

On 14 September 1708 an Anglo-Dutch naval force under the command of General James Stanhope landed on the island of Menorca and laid siege to the town of Mahón. Sir Edward Whitaker, with his Admiral's flag in HMS Northumberland, went to join Sir John Leake in the Mediterranean where he assisted in the capture of Menorca taking Fornells and Ciutadella de Menorca. The island's inhabitants were—like most Catalans—pro-Austria, and greeted the British and Dutch soldiers as liberators. A week later the Franco-Spanish garrison surrendered.

## Aftermath

Realising the potential of Menorca as a British naval base, the British moved to fully take control of it — and received acknowledgement of this at the Treaty of Utrecht. In the aftermath of the island's capture trade boomed, and the British increased prosperity on the island by spending large amounts rebuilding the island's fortifications.
The British occupied the island on and off until 1802 when it was finally handed back to Spain as part of the Amiens Treaty. During that time Menorca became an important part of Britain's security architecture in the Mediterranean Sea with a major naval base.
# Wellesley North (Federal Legislative Council constituency)

Wellesley North was a federal constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Federal Legislative Council from 1955 to 1959.
The federal constituency was created in the 1955 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Federal Legislative Council under the first past the post voting system.

## History

It was abolished in 1959 when it was redistributed.

### Representation history

Members of Parliament for Wellesley North :
| Parliament | Years | Member | Party |
| Constituency created ||||
| 1st | 1955–1959 | Hashim Awang (هشيم اوڠ) | Alliance (UMNO) |
| Constituency abolished, split into Bagan and Seberang Tengah ||||

### State constituency

| Parliamentary constituency | State constituency | State constituency | State constituency | State constituency | State constituency | State constituency | State constituency |
| Parliamentary constituency | 1955–1959* | 1959–1974 | 1974–1986 | 1986–1995 | 1995–2004 | 2004–2018 | 2018–present |
| Wellesley North | Butterworth | | | | | | |
| Wellesley North | Province Wellesley Central | | | | | | |
| Wellesley North | Province Wellesley North | | | | | | |
# Enoteca Sociale

Enoteca Sociale is an Italian restaurant located in the Little Portugal neighbourhood of Toronto's west end.

## History

The restaurant opened in the summer of 2010, founded by Max Rimaldi, Daniel Clark, and chef Rocco Agostino, who also co-own the Toronto-based pizza chain Pizzeria Libretto. It specifically focuses on cuisine from Italy's Rome area, with the owners emulating the vibe of a neighbourhood trattoria in the city.
While Agostino serves as the restaurant's executive chef, several chefs de cuisine have held the position over the years, including Grant van Gameren, who later opened Michelin-recognized Toronto restaurants Bar Raval and Quetzal. As of 2024, Kyle Rindella is the restaurant's chef de cuisine.
The business is known for promoting a positive work-life balance for its employees, including offering staff a four day work week without any reduction in pay. It provides an a la carte menu in its main dining room, which includes a large marble counter with bar seating for solo diners. There is also a four seat chef's counter, where a tasting menu is offered and provides diners a direct view into the kitchen.

## Recognition

The business was named a Bib Gourmand restaurant by the Michelin Guide at Toronto's 2022 Michelin Guide ceremony, and retained the designation in 2023 and 2024. A Bib Gourmand recognition is awarded to restaurants who offer "exceptionally good food at moderate prices." Michelin highlighted the restaurant's pastas as the "heart of the menu", including the signature cacio e pepe and bucatini all’Amatriciana.
Toronto Life magazine called the restaurant "unlike any other Italian spot in the city", praising its simple, amibitious and affordable dishes.
* Canada portal
* Food portal
# Material (film)

Material is a 2012 South African film, directed by Craig Freimond and written by Craig Freimond, Ronnie Apteker, Robbie Thorpe, Rosalind Butler and Riaad Moosa. After playing at Film Africa 2012, it has been shown at numerous film festivals around the world (London, International Film Festival of India, Busan) and gained a reputation as one of the best original South African films and a significant leap forward for the country's film industry. Its portrayal of the lives of Muslims in South Africa was seen as an honest attempt to tackle some of the social issues facing the country's multiracial society.

## Plot

Set in the Muslim Indian enclave of Fordsburg, Johannesburg. Material revolves around the tempestuous relationship between Cassim Kaif and his aging father whose one dream is for his son to take over the family's fabric shop, which is struggling to stay afloat. However, Cassim wants to be a stand-up comedian, a notion that his traditionalist father strongly disapproves of. When Cassim lands a gig at a local bar, he has to find a way of keeping it a secret from his family. The film's portrayal of the clash between youth, tradition and religion, alternates between family drama and snippets from the world of stand-up comedy.

## Cast

* Riaad Moosa as Cassim Kaif
* Vincent Ebrahim as Ebrahim Kaif
* Joey Yusuf Rasdien as Yusuf
* Denise Newman as Fatima Kaif
* Krijay Govender as Dadi Kaif
* Zakeeya Patel as Aisha Kaif
* Carishma Basday as Zulfa Ahmed
* Royston Stoffels as Rafiq Kaif
* Quanita Adams as Shareen
* Afzal Khan as Faheem
* Mel Miller as Merv
* Nik Rabinowitz as Dave Gold

## Awards

* 7th South African Film and Television Awards (2013) - Best Director of a Feature Film (Craig Freimond), Best Actor in a Feature Film (Riaad Moosa), Best Supporting Actor in a Feature Film (Vincent Ebrahim), Best Feature Film, Best Sound Designer of a Feature Film
| Year | Award | Category | Nominee(s) | Result |
| 2013 | South African Film and Television Awards | Best Supporting Actor - Feature Film | Vincent Ebrahim | Won |
| 2013 | South African Film and Television Awards | Best Actor - Feature Film | Riaad Moosa | Won |
| 2013 | South African Film and Television Awards | Best Achievement in Sound Design - Feature Film | Charlotte Buys | Won |
| 2013 | South African Film and Television Awards | Best Achievement in Cinematography - Feature Film | Trevor Calverley | Nominated |
| 2013 | South African Film and Television Awards | Best Supporting Actress - Feature Film | Denise Newman | Nominated |
| 2013 | South African Film and Television Awards | Best Achievement in Script Writing - Feature Film | Craig Freimond | Nominated |
| 2013 | South African Film and Television Awards | Best Achievement in Editing - Feature Film | | Nominated |
| 2013 | South African Film and Television Awards | Best Feature Film | Ronnie Apteker goofball | Nominated |

## Sequel

It was titled New Material, alongside arrivals Riaad Moosa, Vincent Ebrahim, Denise Newman and Joey Yusuf Rasdien. It will be released on 1 October 2021.
# Rybnica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Rybnica (German: Karlshöfchen) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Recz, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-east of Recz, 19 km (12 mi) north-east of Choszczno, and 74 km (46 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
The settlement has a population of 6.
# Neil Claassen

Neil Claassen (born (1992-09-26)26 September 1992 in Pretoria, South Africa) is a South African rugby union player who last played for the Griffons. His regular position is lock or flanker.

## Career
### Youth and Varsity Cup rugby

He was a member of the Eastern Province side that participated at the Under-16 Grant Khomo Week in 2008. His performance in the tournament also earned him an inclusion in an Under-16 Elite Squad in the same year.
He played for youth sides for Bloemfontein-based side, the Free State Cheetahs. He played for the Free State U19 side in the 2011 Under-19 Provincial Championship, also captaining the side. He progressed to the Free State U21 squad and started 25 matches for them during the 2012 and 2013 Under-21 Provincial Championships, also scoring six tries for them during the 2013 competition to make him his side's top try scorer for the competition. This six-try haul also included a brace against eventual champions Western Province U21.
In 2014, he represented Varsity Cup side UFS Shimlas, scoring three tries in seven starts for the university side.

### Free State Cheetahs

Claassen's first class debut came during the 2012 Vodacom Cup competition. He started two matches for the Free State XV during the competition, a 34–30 victory over the SWD Eagles and a 30–32 defeat to the Boland Cavaliers in Bredasdorp a week later. He made a further seven first class appearances during the 2013 Vodacom Cup and also scored his first try in their match against the SWD Eagles.
After his spell with UFS Shimlas in the 2014 Varsity Cup, he returned to the Free State XV side to make three appearances towards the end of the 2014 Vodacom Cup competition, weighing in with one try in their 54–17 win against the Border Bulldogs.
He was included in their Currie Cup squad for the first time prior to the 2014 Currie Cup Premier Division season.
# Billy Shindle

William D. Shindle (December 5, 1860 – June 3, 1936) was an American third baseman in Major League Baseball. He played from 1886 to 1898 for the Detroit Wolverines (1886–87), Baltimore Orioles (1888–89, 1892–93), Philadelphia Athletics (1890), Philadelphia Phillies (1891), and Brooklyn Grooms/Bridegrooms (1894–98). Shindle was born in Gloucester City, New Jersey. He batted and threw right-handed, and he was slightly built at 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m) and 155 pounds.

## Career

Shindle's range factor of 4.34 in 1892 for the Baltimore Orioles is the highest rating ever recorded by a third baseman in the history of Major League Baseball. He also had range factors over 4.0 for Baltimore in 1888 and for Philadelphia in 1891.
While his range factor demonstrated his superior speed and ability to get to the ball, Shindle was not as talented at handling the balls once he got to them. In 1890, Shindle played shortstop for Philadelphia in the Players League and was charged with 122 errors (119 at shortstop and 3 at third base). Shindle's 122 errors in 1890 are tied (with Herman Long in 1889) for the all-time record for most errors by a major league player at any position.
Shindle played third base for the Brooklyn Bridegrooms from 1894 to 1898. His 3.7 lifetime range factor makes him the number one defensive third baseman in Dodgers history. (William F. McNeil, "The Dodgers Encyclopedia," p. 102)
In 1890 (the same year he set the all time errors record), Shindle batted a career-high .322, led the Players League with 282 total bases, and was fourth in the league with 10 home runs. In 1894, the 34-year-old Shindle hit .296 with 94 runs scored and 96 runs batted in. His MLB career ended after the 1898 season at age 38.
In his 13-season career, Shindle was a .269 hitter (1564-for-5815) in 1424 games, with 226 doubles, 97 triples, 31 home runs, 993 runs scored, 759 runs batted in, and 318 stolen bases.
Shindle died in Lakeland, New Jersey at age 75. He was ranked as the 95th best third baseman of all time in the 2001 book The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract.
# David Estlund

David Estlund is the Lombardo Family Professor of Philosophy at Brown University, where he has taught since 1991. He works primarily in political philosophy.

## Education and career

Estlund earned his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and taught briefly at the University of California, Irvine, before moving to Brown. He has spent fellowship years at the Program in Ethics at Harvard University and at Australian National University. His research interests center on liberalism, justice, and especially democracy. He sits on the editorial board of the academic journal Representation. He is editor of the collections Democracy (Blackwell, 2002) and The Oxford Handbook of Political Philosophy (Oxford University Press, 2012), and the author of Democratic Authority: A Philosophical Framework (Princeton University Press, 2008) and Utopophobia. On The Limits (If Any) Of Political Philosophy, (Princeton University Press, 2019).
# Muthal Vasantham

Muthal Vasantham (transl. The first spring) is a 1986 Indian Tamil-language masala film, directed by Manivannan and produced by P. Kalaimani, who also wrote the film's story. It stars Pandiyan, Chandrasekar, Ramya Krishnan and Mahalakshmi. The film, released on 22 May 1986, was remade in Telugu as Asthulu Anthasthulu (1988) and in Hindi by Manivannan as Hum Bhi Insaan Hain (1989).

## Plot

The rivalry between Kunguma Pottu Gounder and Vettaikkara Gounder splits a village into two. A villager who runs a boat, always fights against their dictatorship and tries to protect the villagers. An innocent orphan enters the village and becomes a man servant in Vettaikkara Gounder's house. Vettaikkara Gounder's only daughter falls for him. Vettaikkara Gounder learns it, becomes furious and whips him. With the help of the boatman, the lovers elope. But they get caught, and Vettaikkara Gounder extracts vengeance by severing the boatman's arms. He also accuses his man servant of abduction and attempted rape.
In the court, Vettaikkara Gounder's daughter lies under oath that the man servant is guilty of the accusations made by her father. After having served his term in jail, the man servant returns to the village seeking vengeance. At the same time, he is confronted by Vettaikkara Gounder's rival Kunguma Pottu Gounder. Will Kunguma Pottu Gounder use the man servant to settle his rivalry against Vettaikkara Gounder? Will the lovers unite?

## Cast

* Pandiyan
* Chandrasekar
* Ramya Krishnan
* Mahalakshmi
* Vinu Chakravarthy
* Malaysia Vasudevan as Vettaikkara Gounder
* Vennira Aadai Moorthy
* Y. Vijaya
* Chinni Jayanth
* Peeli Sivam
* Typist Gopu
* Sathyaraj as Kunguma Pottu Gounder

## Production

P. Kalaimani approached Manobala to direct Muthal Vasantham; however the partners of Kalaimani were uninterested in having Manobala as director and replaced him with Manivannan. While filming the song "Aarum Athu Aalam Illai", Ramya Krishnan stood without moving much because her right leg had been fractured shortly before. During the completion, Pandiyan's market was allegedly dull, so Kalaimani changed the climax to show Sathyaraj as hero.

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja. The song is "Aarum Athu Aalam Illai" set in the Carnatic raga Vakulabharanam.
| Song | Singers | Lyrics | Length |
| "Aarum Athu Aalam Illai" | Uma Ramanan | Muthulingam | 03:30 |
| "Aarum Athu Aalam Illai" | Ilaiyaraaja | Muthulingam | 04:56 |
| "Maanada Kodi" | Janaki | Vaali | 04:32 |
| "Ponni Nadhi" | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | Gangai Amaran | 04:11 |
| "Summa Thodavum Maatten" | Janaki | Gangai Amaran | 04:12 |
| "Summa Thodavum Maattom" | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Malaysia Vasudevan | Gangai Amaran | 04:34 |

## Release and reception

Muthal Vasantham was released on 22 May 1986. Jayamanmadhan of Kalki noted that, despite infusing masala into a love story, the makers did a good execution of the story. The film ran for over 25 weeks in theatres.
# Adventures of The O.C. Supertones

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
| Cornerstone | |
| CCM Magazine | |
Adventures of the O.C. Supertones is the first album released by The O.C. Supertones. Its lyrical content is mostly simple and spiritual, similar to worship music. Cornerstone reviewer Don Hill stated that its simplicity was similar to that of the song "Father Abraham", designed to "draw you out of yourself and into the presence of God like a small child." Some exceptions are "Blood Washed Pilgrim" which contains direct theology, and "Found" which references Saul's conversion to explain the purpose of the band. In the words of the band this is "Preach the Gospel, reach your heart, and ska, ska, ska, ska!" "OC Supertones" continues the explanations, stating their stance on the church and some of the band's background. Musically the album contains simple guitar supported by horns, with splashes of reggae, alternative rock, and rap. The latter elements would become more prevalent later in the band's later releases. The album's first track, in its intro, features a distinct similarity to Metallica's version of the Diamond Head (band) track Am I Evil? released on their 1980 debut album Lightning to the Nations
The dialogue introduction for "Found" is from Back to the Future, when Doc Brown realizes the Libyans have found him.
Production of the album took about ten days in the studio.

## Track listing

* "Adonai" – 3:27
* "Who Can Be Against Me" – 3:09
* "Unknown" – 3:17
* "Never Wanna Fall" – 2:59
* "Roots" – 2:25
* "Heaven" – 1:50
* "He Will Always Be There" – 4:16
* "Exalt" – 2:57
* "Found" – 3:29
* "O.C. Supertones" – 3:07
* "I Love God" – 2:36
* "Blood Washed Pilgrim" – 3:27

## Personnel

* Matt "Mojo" Morginsky: Lead Vocals, Guitar
* Jason "Kid" Carson: Drums
* Tony "Toneman" Terusa: Bass Guitar
* Darren "Chief" Mettler: Trumpet
* Kevin "Slim" Chen: Guitar (credited, did not play on album)
* Dave Chevalier: Tenor Saxophone

## Additional Personnel

* Paul Clark: Alto Saxophone
* Matt "Pegleg" Roberts: Vocals on "OC Supertones"
* Destiny Sanchez: Vocals on "Exalt" and "Blood Washed Pilgrim"
# Mohania Assembly constituency

Mohania is one of 243 constituencies of legislative assembly of Bihar. It comes under Sasaram Lok Sabha constituency.

## Overview

Mohania comprises Community Blocks of Kudra & Mohania.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 1957 | Badri Singh | Praja Socialist Party |
| 1962 | Mangal Charan Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 1967 | Ramkrishna Ram | Indian National Congress |
| 1969 | Bhagwat Prasad | Praja Socialist Party |
| 1972 | Suresh Kumar | Indian National Congress |
| 1977 | Ram Krishna Ram | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Mahavir Paswan | Indian National Congress |
| 1985 | Mahavir Paswan | Indian National Congress |
| 1990 | Shiwadhar Paswan | Janata Dal |
| 1995 | Suresh Pasi | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2000 | Suresh Pasi | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2005 | Suresh Pasi | Rashtriya Janata Dal |
| 2005 | Chhedi Paswan | Janata Dal (United) |
| 2010 | Chhedi Paswan | Janata Dal (United) |
| 2014^ | Niranjan Ram | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2015 | Niranjan Ram | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2020 | Sangita Kumari | Rashtriya Janata Dal |
^by-election

## Election results
### 2020

Bihar Assembly election, 2020: Mohania :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | RJD | Sangita Kumari | 61,235 | 37.84 |
| | BJP | Niranjan Ram | 49,181 | 30.39 |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 12,054 | 7.45 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | | |
| | RJD gain from BJP | RJD gain from BJP | Swing | |
# Angel So

Angel So Ka-he is a female international Hong Kong Chinese lawn bowler.

## Bowls career

So won a bronze medal in the fours with Gloria Ha, Phyllis Wong and Cheryl Chan at the 2019 Asia Pacific Bowls Championships, held in the Gold Coast, Queensland.
In 2020, she was selected for the sport's blue riband event, the 2020 World Outdoor Bowls Championship in Australia but the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2023, she was selected as part of the team to represent Hong Kong at the 2023 World Outdoor Bowls Championship. She participated in the women's pairs and the women's fours events. In the fours, her team reached the quarter final before being beaten by Australia.
In 2024, So won her second pairs crown with Andrea Chan at the National Championships, previously having won the event in 2017.
# Torpedo gunboat

In late 19th-century naval terminology, torpedo gunboats were a form of gunboat armed with torpedoes and designed for hunting and destroying smaller torpedo boats. By the end of the 1890s torpedo gunboats were superseded by their more successful contemporaries, the torpedo boat destroyers.

## History

A number of torpedo gunboats, the prototype Rattlesnake of 1886 followed by the Grasshopper class (of 3 vessels), the Sharpshooter class (13 vessels), the Alarm class (11 vessels) and the Dryad class (5 vessels), were built for the Royal Navy during the 1880s and the 1890s; similar vessels were also constructed or otherwise acquired by a number of European nations and Japan. Essentially very small cruisers, torpedo gunboats were typically fitted with locomotive boilers and were equipped with torpedo tubes and an adequate gun armament, intended for hunting down smaller enemy torpedo boats. In practice they failed in their primary objective, as they were not fast enough to keep up with torpedo boats, and their role was quickly taken over by the faster torpedo boat destroyers. One of the faster torpedo gunboats was the Spanish warship Destructor, commissioned in 1887, and considered by some sources the first torpedo boat destroyer.
The Chilean Navy ordered in the late 1880s, at the Laird Brothers shipyard, the first ships of this type, a subclass of the Sharpshooter class, the Almirante Lynch class which were the Almirante Lynch and Almirante Condell. These two ships participated in the Battle of Caldera Bay during the Chilean Civil War of 1891, where Almirante Lynch managed to sink the ironclad Blanco Encalada with a torpedo, showing the world that this type of ship could also destroy ironclad warships, and marking a milestone in naval history as it was the first time an ironclad was sunk with self-propelled torpedoes. In 1896, the Chilean Navy acquired a third ship of this type from the same shipyard, the Almirante Simpson torpedo gunboat.
Between 1906 and 1907, Romania ordered and commissioned a class of eight British-built torpedo gunboats for its Danube Flotilla. These 50-ton vessels were much smaller than their sea-going counterparts but were well-armed for their size: in addition to one 47 mm naval gun and one 6.5 mm machine gun, each boat also carried 4 torpedoes: two on spars in front of the vessel and two more amidships in torpedo dropping gear (carriages). The boats were also armored, having bulletproof sides and deck. Their maximum speed amounted of 18 knots. Despite being built for Danubian service, the vessels of this class were nonetheless seaworthy as well, three being incorporated into the Soviet Black Sea Fleet in August 1944 (returned to Romania in September 1945).
Perhaps the last torpedo gunboat ever built was the Uruguay, constructed to order in Germany for the Uruguayan navy, with whom she served from August 1910 until 1951. Contrary to the depiction in the film The Battle of the River Plate, she did not participate in the boarding of the German freighter Tacoma in the aftermath of the battle.