OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jamie Stott

Jamie Garry Stott (born 22 December 1997) is an English footballer who plays for EFL League Two club Morecambe.

## Club career

Jamie is an academy graduate, having been at Oldham Athletic since the age of nine. He has had numerous loans spells at non-league clubs in the North-West of England, including two spells at Stockport County, where he has won young player of the season awards. In the 2019/20 season Jamie was looking to secure a first team spot in the Stockport squad after winning the league with them in 2019.
In August 2021, Stott returned to National League North side AFC Fylde on loan for the season.
Stott was released by Stockport following promotion to the Football League in the 2021–22 season, signing for FC Halifax Town in June 2022.
Stott was one of 15 free agents that signed for League Two club Morecambe on 12 July 2024, after the club's embargo on registering new players was lifted.

## Career statistics

    As of end of 2021–22 season
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Oldham Athletic | 2016–17 | League One | 4 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Oldham Athletic | 2017–18 | League One | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Oldham Athletic | Oldham | Oldham | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Curzon Ashton (loan) | 2016–17 | National League North | 26 | 2 | 4 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 30 | 2 |
| AFC Fylde (loan) | 2017–18 | National League | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Curzon Ashton (loan) | 2017–18 | National League North | 5 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Stockport County (loan) | 2017–18 | National League North | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| Stockport County (loan) | 2018–19 | National League | 16 | 2 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 5 | 0 | 24 | 2 |
| Stockport County | 2020–21 | National League | 11 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| Stockport County | 2021–22 | National League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Stockport County | Stockport County Total | Stockport County Total | 43 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 55 | 2 |
| AFC Fylde (loan) | 2021–22 | National League North | 32 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 | 36 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 110 | 5 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 131 | 5 |
* 1 2 3 Appearance(s) in FA Trophy

## Honours

FC Halifax Town
* FA Trophy: 2022–23
# Epidural space

In anatomy, the epidural space is the potential space between the dura mater and vertebrae (spine).
The anatomy term "epidural space" has its origin in the Ancient Greek language; ἐπί, "on, upon" + dura mater also known as "epidural cavity", "extradural space" or "peridural space". In humans the epidural space contains lymphatics, spinal nerve roots, loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, small arteries, dural venous sinuses and a network of internal vertebral venous plexuses.

## Cranial epidural space

In the skull, the periosteal layer of the dura mater adheres to the inner surface of the skull bones while the meningeal layer lays over the arachnoid mater. Between them is the epidural space. The two layers of the dura mater separate at several places, with the meningeal layer projecting deeper into the brain parenchyma forming fibrous septa that compartmentalize the brain tissue. At these sites, the epidural space is wide enough to house the epidural venous sinuses.
There are four fibrous septa:
* Falx cerebri, that separates the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum. It contains the superior sagittal sinus and inferior sagittal sinus.
* Tentorium cerebelli, which separates the cerebrum from cerebellum and contains the transverse sinus, straight sinus and superior petrosal sinus.
* Diaphragma sellae, that encloses the hypophyseal fossa from the superior side, cushioning the pituitary gland. It contains the anterior and posterior intercavernous sinuses.
* Falx cerebelli, which separates the left and right cerebellar hemispheres and contains the occipital sinus.
In pathological conditions fluid such as blood can fill this space. For example a torn meningeal artery (often the middle meningeal artery) or dural venous sinus (rarely) may bleed into this potential space and result in an epidural hematoma.

## Spinal epidural space

In the spinal canal, the periosteal layer adheres to the inner surface of the spinal canal which is formed by the bodies of vertebrae. The meningeal layer lays over the spinal arachnoid mater. Between the vertebrae and the dural sheath is the spinal epidural space. Unlike the cranial epidural space, the spinal epidural space contains adipose tissue, the internal vertebral venous plexuses and the spinal nerve roots. The spinal epidural space spans the length of the spinal cord, from the foramen magnum superiorly to the sacral hiatus inferiorly.
Epidural space is the smallest at the cervical region, measuring 1 to 2 mm. At L2 to L3, enlarges until 5 to 6 mm. It then enlarges progressively until lower lumbar and sacral region. However, some authors stated that it decreases in size after mid-lumbar region until 2 mm at S1 level.
# List of hypnotists

Below is a list of famous hypnotists.

## Historical

* Étienne Eugène Azam
* Vladimir Bekhterev
* Hippolyte Bernheim
* Alfred Binet
* James Braid (surgeon)
* John Milne Bramwell
* Jean-Martin Charcot
* Émile Coué
* John Elliotson
* Dave Elman
* Milton Hyland Erickson
* James Esdaile
* George Estabrooks
* Abbé Faria
* Sigmund Freud
* Pierre Janet
* Edith Klemperer
* Ambroise-Auguste Liébeault
* Ormond McGill
* Franz Mesmer
* Albert Moll
* Julian Ochorowicz
* Ivan Pavlov
* Morton Prince
* Marquis de Puységur
* Otto Georg Wetterstrand
* Alvaro Uribe Velez

## Contemporary

* Геннадий Гончаров
* Derren Brown
* Giucas Casella
* Boris Cherniak
* Kimberly Friedmutter
* Chris Hughes
* Barrie Leslie Konicov
* Paul McKenna
* Andrew Newton
* Dr. Dave Hill
* Gil Boyne
* H. Larry Elman
* Hank Stone
* Robert Maxwell
* Michael Newton
* Peter Powers
* Peter Reveen
* Hollywood Hypnotist Kevin Stone
# Jim Fogarty

James G. Fogarty (February 12, 1864 – May 20, 1891) was an American professional baseball outfielder.

## Career

Fogarty was born in San Francisco, California, in 1864. In 1883, he started his professional baseball career in the minor leagues.
Fogarty was signed by the National League's Philadelphia Phillies based on a recommendation by Jerry Denny to Phillies manager Harry Wright. Fogarty played for the Phillies from 1884 to 1889.
In 1890, Fogarty played for the Players League's Philadelphia Athletics, and he was also the team's manager for 16 games that season.
Fogarty was an average hitter, with batting averages between .212 and .293 during all seven of his major league seasons. He finished his career with a .246 batting average, 20 home runs, 320 runs batted in, and a 98 OPS+.
Fogarty was a good baserunner. In 1887, he finished second in the NL in stolen bases with 102. In 1889, he led the NL with 99 stolen bases.
Splitting his time between right field and center field, Fogarty was regarded as one of the best defensive outfielders of his era.
Before the 1891 season, Fogarty contracted tuberculosis. He died in Philadelphia in May at the age of 27.
# Richard Franko Goldman

Richard Franko Goldman (December 7, 1910 – January 19, 1980) was a conductor, educator, author, music critic, and composer.
Born Richard Henry Maibrunn Goldman (Maibrunn being his mother's family name), he adopted the same middle name as his father, the conductor Edwin Franko Goldman, whose middle name came from the latter's mother's musical family.
After graduating from Townsend Harris High School in Manhattan, New York, Richard Goldman attended Columbia University, graduating in 1930 with an A.B. (with honors). After a year of graduate study at Columbia, he then went to Paris to study composition with Nadia Boulanger. He also studied privately with Wallingford Riegger. During World War II he served in the Office of Strategic Services.
He was associate conductor 1937–1956 and then succeeded his father as conductor of the Goldman Band of New York City. He led that band from 1956 until poor health caused him to stop conducting in the summer of 1979. He dissolved the band, but it returned to perform as the Guggenheim Concerts Band in 1980 and the Goldman Memorial Band in 1984.
He taught at the Juilliard School 1947–1960 and was a visiting professor at Princeton University 1952–1956. He also was director of the Peabody Conservatory of Music in Baltimore, Maryland 1968–1977 and president of the Peabody Institute 1969–1977. He was initiated as a national honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity in 1969.
Amongst his compositions are the Lee Rigg (1942) for orchestra, Sonata for Violin and Piano (1964), and a Duo for Tubas or bassoons (1950). He also wrote several marches, including The Foundation, Pride of the 97, National Intercollegiate Band (named for the Kappa Kappa Psi and Tau Beta Sigma–sponsored ensemble), and Seaside Park. His contributions to The Musical Quarterly as New York critic ensured early recognition to Wallingford Riegger, Henry Cowell, and Elliott Carter.

## Awards and honors

* Juilliard Music Foundation award 1955
* Ditson Conductor's Award 1961
* Guggenheim Fellowship 1962
* Kappa Kappa Psi Distinguished Service to Music Medal, 1971
* National Patron of Delta Omicron, an international professional music fraternity.

## Personal life

He married Alexandra Rienzi on June 8, 1934. Together they had one child, Daniel Franko Goldman. Richard Franko Goldman died aged 69 at Mercy Hospital in Baltimore.
# Tshepo Mangena

Tshepo Mangena (born 7 March 1983) was a South African cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-fast bowler and wicket-keeper who played for Limpopo. He was born in Phalaborwa in a location called Namakgale.
Mangena's first cricketing appearance came in the UCB Associates Cup, though he failed to make much of an impression with the bat from the opening order.
Almost exactly two years later, Mangena made his debut first-class appearance for Limpopo, against Griqualand West. He made one further first-class appearance in the competition, and a one-day appearance, with a top first-class score of 19 runs.
# Elisabeth Bay Formation

The Elisabeth Bay Formation, alternatively spelled as Elizabeth Bay Formation, is an Early Miocene (Aquitanian to Burdigalian, around 21 Ma) geologic formation in the Sperrgebiet, ǁKaras Region of southwestern Namibia, overlying the Blaubok Conglomerate. The freshwater green and red siltstones, sandstones, intercalations of conglomerates and claystones of the formation were deposited in a fluvial environment, infilling a paleovalley incised during the Oligocene low sea stand, which backfilled during the Burdigalian marine transgression. The Elisabeth Bay Formation provides many fossil mammals, snakes and other reptiles.

## Fossil content

The following fossils are reported from the formation:

### Mammals

* Afrosmilus africanus
* Apodecter stromeri
* Bathyergoides neotertiarius
* Diamantomys luederitzi
* Leptoplesictis senutae
* Metapterodon kaiseri
* Miohyrax oswaldi
* Namasector soriae
* Parapedetes namaquensis
* Promicrogale namibiensis
* Isohyaenodon sp.
* Ysengrinia sp.
* Viverridae indet.

### Reptiles

* cf. Python
* Amphisbaenia indet.
* Boidae indet.
* Colubridae indet.
* Colubroidea indet.
* Gekkonidae indet.
* Lacertilia indet.
* Viperidae indet.
# Apel Mahmood

Apel Mahmood (born 22 December 1947) is a Bangladeshi singer and freedom fighter. He is one of the performers of Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra during the Liberation War of Bangladesh in 1971 and best known for the song "Mora Ekti Phulke Bachabo Bole Juddho Kori". He was awarded an Ekushey Padak, Bangladesh's second highest civilian award, in 2005 by the Government of Bangladesh for his contribution in music.

## Early life

Mahmood was born on 22 December 1947 in what is now meghna Upazila, Comilla District, Bangladesh, to MA Rahman and Amina Rahman.

## Career

Mahmood was the deputy director general of programme at Bangladesh Betar. He was the vice-president of Jatiyatabadi Samajik Sangskritik Sangstha, the cultural wing of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party.

## Awards

* Ekushey Padak (2005)
# William A. Atwood

William A. Atwood (April 11, 1835 – April 11, 1908) was a Michigan politician.

## Early life

On April 11, 1835, Atwood was born in Newfane, Niagara County, New York born to Asa and Fannie (Gibbs) Atwood. Asa was a merchant who retired to farming. He joined his brother in a stave and cooperage factory at Galt, Canada. Closing the factory in fall of 1869, he returned to Pendleton, New York to farm for two years. During his those two years, he opened a shingle and heading mill which burnt down two and a half years later without insurance. He returned to Canada in the fall of 1863 to operate a business in lumber and shingles until the end of reciprocity treaty in March 1866. He started up the same business in Flint, Michigan with his brother, Jesse, and B.W. Linnington. He married Helen C. Wood, daughter of noted oldest Flint resident, H.C. Wood.

## Political life

For two years, he was a Third Ward Alderman. He was elected as the twenty fourth mayor of the City of Flint in 1882 serving a 1-year term. Many improvements were made to the city in his administration with the water works founded, the first city iron bridge and more. Atwood defeated former Michigan Governor Begole for the Michigan State Senate seat in 1886. In 1887 began Atwood service in the State Senate from the 13th District serving and chair three committees: on State affairs, on Public Lands and on Railroads. Additionally a new Flint City Charter was approved by the state legislature.

## Non-political life

He purchased a partnership share of Flint Woolen Mills in 1876 which would later be known by the name of Stone, Atwood & Co. He further purchased a share in Wood & Atwood Hardware Company in 1884 and maintained holdings in the First National Bank and Genesee County Savings Bank. He also served as vice president of Genesee County Savings Bank and president of Flint Gas-Light Company. He was buried in Glenwood Cemetery after his April 11, 1908 death.
Political offices :
| Preceded byHenry F. Pennington | Michigan State Senator 13th District 1882-1883 | Succeeded byWilliam Ball |
| Preceded byCharles A. Mason | Mayor of the City of Flint, Michigan 1882-83 | Succeeded byGeorge E. Newell |
# Reginald Hollingdale (cricketer)

Reginald Allen Hollingdale (6 March 1906 – 3 August 1989) was a Scottish cricketer active from 1925 to 1938 who played for Sussex. He was born in Burgess Hill and died in Edinburgh. He appeared in 79 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm fast medium. He scored 1,071 runs with a highest score of 57 and took 84 wickets with a best performance of five for 23.
# It Happened in Monterey

"It Happened in Monterey" or "It Happened in Monterrey" is a 1930 song composed by Mabel Wayne, with lyrics by Billy Rose and performed by Paul Whiteman and his orchestra. It was written for the 1930 musical film King of Jazz, and was subsequently covered several times in short succession including by the Regent Club Orchestra, George Olsen and Ruth Etting. It fell out of popularity until Frank Sinatra re-recorded it for both his 1956 Capitol release Songs for Swingin' Lovers! and his 1957 live album Sinatra '57 in Concert.

## Background

"It Happened in Monterey" was written for the 1930 musical film King of Jazz. The film featured Paul Whiteman and his orchestra, while the song, written in waltz time, was composed by Mabel Wayne, with lyrics by Billy Rose. Though the lyrics refer to the city of Monterrey in "Old Mexico", the song title was misspelled, leading to popular references to the city of Monterey, California. The song was performed by John Boles and Jeanette Loff in the film. The song appears in a sequence of disparate musical performances, each introduced by a caption card, that appear between the two main production numbers.
The Paul Whiteman Orchestra then recorded the song for Columbia Records on March 21, 1930, featuring vocals by Jack Fulton. This recording features significant solos for flute and piccolo performed by Bernie Daly. The recording was a hit. Researcher Joel Whitburn estimates that this record would have charted at number 2 in April 1930.

## Cover versions

The song was covered several times following the appearance in King of Jazz, including by George Olsen and Vincent Lopez. Other popular versions were by the Regent Club Orchestra on Brunswick Records, and Ruth Etting. Bing Crosby sang the song with Whiteman's orchestra in a performance at the Seattle Civic Auditorium, which was broadcast nationwide live via the Columbia Broadcasting System in April 1930. Mel Tormé recorded it with his Mel-Tones and Sonny Burke and his orchestra on the Musicraft Records label in 1946.
By the 1950s, the song had declined in popularity and was rarely sung until it was revived and popularized again by Frank Sinatra. Sinatra recorded it for his 1956 Capitol release Songs for Swingin' Lovers!, to an arrangement and orchestration by Nelson Riddle. Biographer John Frayn Turner writes: "'It Happened in Monterey'... had never sounded like that before or since". Biographer Spencer Leigh notes the "looseness of his phrasing in the second chorus". Sinatra began performing it live. It features as the second track on his 1957 live album Sinatra '57 in Concert, and also appeared on the original UK pressing of Come Fly with Me as a replacement track for the banned "On the Road to Mandalay".
Bing Crosby and Rosemary Clooney included the song in their 1958 album Fancy Meeting You Here with updated lyrics.

## In popular culture

Actor Al Pacino lip-synced the Sinatra version of the song in the final scene of the 1997 film The Devil's Advocate.
In 2006 Doug Gamble, a corporate and humor writer, penned new lyrics for the song as a way of promoting the city of Monterey, California.
# Serdar Özyurt

Serdar Özyurt (born 1984, Antakya, Hatay) is a Turkish businessperson active in the defense and tourism sectors. His career spans multiple industries and includes notable contributions to Turkey's defense manufacturing and international business.

## Early life and education

Serdar Özyurt was born in 1984 in Antakya, Hatay. He completed his primary and secondary education in Antakya. For his university studies, he went to Mongolia, enrolling in the English Sinology program at the National University of Mongolia. During this period, he began working as a contractor on projects managed by the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA) in Mongolia and Kazakhstan.

## Career in defense industry

In 2010, following his father's death, Özyurt returned to Turkey and decided to pursue a career in the defense industry. He officially entered the sector in 2012 and, in 2021, founded Özyurt Arms in Istanbul. The company became known for producing Turkey's first domestically manufactured Kalashnikov rifles, gaining international recognition with exports to countries such as Azerbaijan, the United States, Spain, and Saudi Arabia. Additionally, during the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, the company supplied ammunition to meet the Azerbaijani military's needs.

## Expansion into tourism

In 2024, Özyurt expanded his business activities into the tourism industry. He purchased the Royal Stay Palace hotel in Istanbul’s Bahçelievler district, a property previously owned by Saudi businessman Mahmut Al Sakaar, and renamed it "Grand Harilton." This investment aimed to contribute to Istanbul's tourism and exhibition sectors.

## Current activities

Serdar Özyurt continues his involvement in both the defense and tourism sectors, serving as chairman of Özyurt Arms. He is also the chairman of the National and Domestic Industry Platform, through which he aims to support Turkey's domestic production capabilities and industrial development.
# E45 cream

E45 cream is a skin care product created in 1952 and currently marketed by Karo Pharma. It is a moisturizer. Its active ingredients are lanolin, white soft paraffin and liquid paraffin.
E45 was initially only available in hospitals, but was later made available for retail. The brand belonged to Crookes Healthcare, a subsidiary of the Reckitt group, until it was sold to Karo Pharma in April 2022.

## Properties

E45 prevents moisture escaping from the skin. Paraffin creates a breathable and hypoallergenic layer over damaged skin to protect it from potential irritants whilst lanolin heals and softens the epidermis.
The effectiveness of E45 doubles when applied on skin that is still slightly damp.
In 2016 it was one of the biggest selling branded over-the-counter medications sold in Great Britain, with sales of £35.5 million.
The product contains paraffin (a fire accelerant) and can generate fire risks. It has been associated with deaths from fire and, from 2017, was set to carry a flammability warning.
E45 cream contains the following:
| Active ingredients | Measure |
| Anhydrous lanolin (Medilan) | 1.0%w/w |
| White soft paraffin | 14.5%w/w |
| Light liquid paraffin | 12.6%w/w |
| Additional ingredients |
| Glycerol monostearate |
| Cetyl alcohol |
| Sodium cetostearyl sulphate |
| Carbomer |
| Methyl hydroxybenzoate (E218) |
| Propyl hydroxybenzoate (E26) |
| Sodium hydroxide |
| Citric acid monohydrate |
| Purified water |
# Kurzer Prozess

Kurzer Prozess is a 1967 German crime film directed by Michael Kehlmann.

## Cast

* Helmut Qualtinger - Inspektor Pokorny
* Gudrun Thielemann - Karin Nieburg
* Alexander Kerst - Wolfert
* Bruni Löbel - Fräulein Schebesta
* Franz Stoss - Ministerialrat Gassinger
* Kurt Sowinetz - Wokupetz
* Elisabeth Orth [de] - Frau Nagler
* Walter Kohut - Herr Nagler
* Hertha Martin - Frau Janisch
* Willy Harlander - Polizeibeamter Janisch
* Siegfried Breuer Jr. - Vogel
* Fritz Eckhardt - Raimond Höfler
* Harry Kalenberg [de] - Stefanitsch
# Madrasah In'aamiyyah

The Madrasah In’aamiyyah Camperdown, is an institute of higher Islamic learning and teaching based in Durban, South Africa. A number of students from the United States, Canada, Belgium, India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Malaysia, Philippines, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia and Australia are receiving education at the Madrasah.

## Education Pattern

The offers the following courses:
* Hifdhul Qur'an (memorizing the Qur'an): Consisting of 3 years. (depending on student capabilities year varies.)
* I’daadiyah: Introductory phase for Aalim course.
* Imaam / Khatib Training: Consisting of 1–3 years. This is to equip a person to be an Imaam and fulfill basic Islamic requirements of the community, for example, perform Salaat, Jumu’ah, Nikah, etc.
* Qiraat Hafs: (normal reading), Qiraat Sab’a: (7 dialects) and Asharah: (10 dialects).
* Aalim Course: Consisting of 6 years. It is equivalent to BA (Hons).
* Mufti course: Consisting of minimum 2 years.
* Specialty in Hadith: Consisting of 1 year.

## Syllabus of the Aalim course

A brief review of the subjects of the Aalim Course is given below:
* First Year: Mainly Learning Arabic.
* Second Year: Continue with learning Arabic, Fiqh, Usool-e-Fiqh and Tarjuma-e-Qur'an
* Third Year: Usool-e-Fiqh, Tarjuma-e-Qur'an, History
* Fourth Year: Fiqh, Usool-e-Fiqh, Tafseer
* Fifth Year: Hadith, Usool-e-Hadith, Fiqh
* Sixth Year: Sihaah-e-Sitta, All Sahih Books

## Publications

The Madrasah has published many books and articles under the authority of Academy for Islamic Research, Madrasah In’aamiyyah. These include:
* From the Treasures of Arabic Morphology by Maulana Ebrahim Muhammad
* A Disastrous Problem Faced by the Youth by Maulana Abdullah Ismail
* Etiquettes of Marital Relations