OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1981–82 NCAA football bowl games

The 1981–82 NCAA football bowl games were a series of post-season games played in December 1981 and January 1982 to end the 1981 NCAA Division I-A football season. A total of 16 team-competitive games, and two all-star games, were played. The post-season began with the Independence Bowl on December 12, 1981, and concluded on January 16, 1982, with the season-ending Senior Bowl.

## Schedule

| Date | Game | Site | Time (US EST) | TV | Matchup (pre-game record) | AP pre-game rank | UPI (Coaches) pre-game rank |
| 12/12 | Independence Bowl | Independence Stadium Shreveport, Louisiana | | Mizlou | Texas A&M 33 (6–5) (SWC), Oklahoma State 16 (7–4) (Big Eight) | NR NR | NR NR |
| 12/13 | Garden State Bowl | Giants Stadium East Rutherford, New Jersey | | Mizlou | Tennessee 28 (7–4) (SEC), Wisconsin 21 (7–4) (Big Ten) | NR NR | NR NR |
| 12/18 | Holiday Bowl | Jack Murphy Stadium San Diego, California | | ESPN | BYU 38 (10–2) (WAC Champion), Washington State 36 (8–2–1) (Pac-10) | #14 #20 | #12 #18 |
| 12/19 | Tangerine Bowl | Orlando Stadium Orlando, Florida | | Mizlou | Missouri 19 (7–4) (Big Eight), Southern Miss 17 (9–1–1) (Independent) | NR #18 | NR #15 |
| 12/19 | California Bowl | Bulldog Stadium Fresno, California | | Mizlou | Toledo 27 (8–3) (MAC Champion) San Jose State 25 (9–2) (PCAA Champion) | NR NR | NR #20 |
| 12/26 | Sun Bowl | Sun Bowl Stadium El Paso, Texas | | CBS | Oklahoma 40 (6–4–1) (Big Eight), Houston 14 (7–3–1) (SWC) | NR NR | NR #19 |
| 12/28 | Gator Bowl | Gator Bowl Stadium Jacksonville, Florida | | ABC | North Carolina 31 (9–2) (ACC), Arkansas 27 (8–3) (SWC) | #11 NR | #9 #17 |
| 12/30 | Liberty Bowl | Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium Memphis, Tennessee | | USA | Ohio State 31 (8–3) (Big Ten co-Champion), Navy 28 (7–3–1) (Independent) | #15 NR | #14 NR |
| 12/31 | Peach Bowl | Fulton County Stadium Atlanta | 3:00 PM | CBS | West Virginia 26 (8–3) (Independent), Florida 6 (7–4) (SEC) | NR NR | NR NR |
| 12/31 | Hall of Fame Classic | Legion Field Birmingham, Alabama | 1:00 PM | Mizlou | Mississippi State 10 (7–4) (SEC), Kansas 0 (8–3) (Big Eight) | NR NR | NR NR |
| 12/31 | Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl | Houston Astrodome Houston, Texas | 8:00 PM | Mizlou | Michigan 33 (8–3) (Big Ten), UCLA 14 (7–3–1) (Pac-10) | #16 #19 | #13 #16 |
| 1/1 | Cotton Bowl Classic | Cotton Bowl Dallas, Texas | 12:00 PM | CBS | Texas 14 (9–1–1) (SWC), Alabama 12 (9–1–1) (SEC co-Champion) | #6 #3 | #5 #3 |
| 1/1 | Fiesta Bowl | Sun Devil Stadium Tempe, Arizona | 1:30 PM | NBC | Penn State 26 (9–2) (Independent), USC 10 (9–2) (Pac-10) | #7 #8 | #6 #7 |
| 1/1 | Rose Bowl | Rose Bowl Pasadena, California | 4:30 PM | NBC | Washington 28 (9–2) (Pac-10 Champion), Iowa 0 (8–3) (Big Ten co-Champion) | #12 #13 | #10 #11 |
| 1/1 | Sugar Bowl | Louisiana Superdome New Orleans, Louisiana | 8:00 PM | ABC | Pittsburgh 24 (10–1) (Independent), Georgia 20 (10–1) (SEC co-Champion) | #10 #2 | #8 #2 |
| 1/1 | Orange Bowl | Miami Orange Bowl Miami | 8:00 PM | NBC | Clemson 22 (11–0) (ACC Champion), Nebraska 15 (9–2) (Big Eight Champion) | #1 #4 | #1 #4 |
# Sigma Huda

Sigma Huda (née Kabir; 1944/1945 – 17 July 2024) was a Bangladeshi lawyer. She was the founding president of Bangladesh Women Lawyers Association (BNWLA) and founder and secretary of Institute for Law and Development (ILD).
In 2007, she was awarded Pope John Paul II Wellspring of Freedom Award for dedicating her life to upholding human rights and combating injustice. Her late husband, Nazmul Huda, was a former Bangladesh Nationalist Party government minister and barrister.

## Career

Huda was the lawyer of Anup Chetia alias Golap Barua, a leader of ULFA who filed for asylum in Bangladesh.

## Activism

From 2004, Huda served as a United Nations special rapporteur on human trafficking. She was known for her views on prostitution. In her report for the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, she said:
   "The act of prostitution, by definition, joins together two forms of social power (sex and money) in one interaction. In both realms (sexuality and economics), men hold substantial and systematic power over women. In prostitution, these power disparities merge in an act which both assigns and re-affirms the dominant social status of men over the subordinated social status of women."
   "The demand for commercial sex is often further grounded in social power disparities of race, nationality, caste, and colour."

## Charges and convictions

In 2007, Huda was brought before a Bangladeshi court on bribery charges filed by the Anti-Corruption Commission, whereupon she was sentenced to three years imprisonment as an accomplice to a bribe in the amount of Taka 2.40 crore (approximately US$400,000) for which her husband was convicted of abuse of power and corruption.
The UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of the judges and lawyers issued a statement on 2 September 2007, expressing concern that Huda had not been given a fair trial. He said it received reports indicating that the right to legal representation and the independence of the court had been severely affected during her trial. "Defense lawyers felt pressured, they had no opportunity to visit her in prison, and could only meet with her at the end of the hearings. They also had difficulties accessing the case files and other relevant information, thus compromising their ability to ensure an adequate defence."

## Personal life and death

Huda was married to barrister Nazmul Huda, a former Bangladesh Nationalist Party minister, former leader of Bangladesh Nationalist Front (BNF), National Alliance (NA), and leader of Bangladesh Manabadhikar Party (BMP) until his death. They had two daughters, Antara Selima Huda and Srabanti Amina Huda. They are lawyers in profession. Huda's sister, Khushi Kabir, is a social activist and her brother was Selim Kabir.
Huda died in Dhaka on 17 July 2024, at the age of 79.
# Gdium

The Gdium is a subnotebook / netbook computer produced by EMTEC. The Gdium product is distinguished by its unique Loongson MIPS processor and the use of a USB key as a primary storage device. The Gdium netbook is marketed as an interface device to the Gdium "learning community"—a website that provides hardware support, MIPS builds of open-source software, Linux computing tips, and educational resources targeted towards teachers and students within the K-12 demographic.

## Technical overview

The EMTEC Gdium Liberty 1000 is built on an STMicroelectronics Loongson 2F MIPS microprocessor and uses a proprietary form-factored USB key, called the G-Key, as its primary storage medium. The G-Key, which fits in a specially designed USB slot recessed within the unit, is available in 8GB and 16GB capacities. The key generates no noise, and is less susceptible to mechanical shock damage than hard drives. It also includes an SD card reader, which provides support for MMC, SD and SDHC cards as supplemental storage.
The Gdium uses Mandriva as its sole operating system and boots in approximately 30 seconds. The desktop uses the Metacity window manager with a lxplanel and idesk-based interface. Like most modern Linux distributions, open-source software applications such as OpenOffice.org, Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird, and The GIMP are included in the default installation. There are no compilations of Microsoft Windows, OS X, or Ubuntu available for the MIPS architecture, but e.g. Debian offers packages compiled for MIPS.
The EMTEC Gdium Liberty 1000 specifications are as follows:
* Screen size: 10" (254 mm)
* Resolution: 1024 x 600
* CPU: 900 MHz 64-bit Loongson 2F by STMicroelectronics
* Operating system: Mandriva G-Linux
* Video chipset: Silicon Motion SM502 (16 MB dedicated video memory)
* RAM: 512 MB DDR2 (supports up to 1 GB, not user upgradeable)
* Primary Storage: 16 GB to 32 GB USB G-Key (removable)
* Webcam: 0.3 or 1.3 Mpx
* Keyboard: 240mm long and 96.8mm wide.
* Wireless LAN: IEEE 802.11b/g
* LAN: 10/100 Mbit/s
* Battery: 5000 mAh / 2.5 hours<refLaptop Magazine's In-Depth Hands on Review April 9, 2009</ref> (some users report ~30 minutes)
* SD / SDHC card reader
* 3 USB ports available: 2 standard USB 2.0 and 1 USB 2.0 for the G-Key
* 1 VGA ext 15pin D-sub enabling 1280x1024 external monitor resolution
* Speakers/headset Output: 1 port for 3.5mm audio jack
* Microphone Input: 1 port for 3.5mm microphone jack
* Dimensions: 250 x 182 x 32 mm
* Weight: 1.2 kg

## Starting phase

* Gdium was originally planned for release in September 2008, but after multiple hardware and software glitches attributed to poorly managed contracted labor across France and China, the product was delayed until end of February 2009 for its soft launch. Gdium's soft launch was on the Belgium market and received a mild user acceptance.
* The target price of the Gdium at Euro 379 makes the Gdium an expensive and poorly valued netbook given its modest hardware and short battery life. Analysts have wondered if a market actually exist for it.

## Status

Website went down around Sept 2013. It's unsure if the community is still alive elsewhere.
# Lars Brink

Lars Elof Gustaf Brink (12 November 1943 - 29 October 2022) was a Swedish theoretical physicist.
He made significant and well-cited contributions in supersymmetry, supergravity, superspace, and superstrings, and the connections among them. In 1977, with John Schwarz and Joël Scherk, he introduced the first supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories.
During 1971–1973, he was member of the theory group at CERN.
Starting in 1986, he had been professor of theoretical physics at Chalmers Institute of Technology in Gothenburg. Brink was one of the pioneers of superstring theory, since the 1970s (at CERN and Caltech). He coordinated the EU network Superstring Theory 1991–1995 and 2000–2008.
In 1997 he became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
In 2001, 2004 and from 2008 to 2013 he was a member of the Nobel Committee for Physics and its chairman in 2013.
# Complex programmable logic device

A complex programmable logic device (CPLD) is a programmable logic device with complexity between that of PALs and FPGAs, and architectural features of both. The main building block of the CPLD is a macrocell, which contains logic implementing disjunctive normal form expressions and more specialized logic operations.

## Features

Some of the CPLD features are in common with PALs:
* Non-volatile configuration memory. Unlike many FPGAs, an external configuration ROM is not required, and the CPLD can function immediately on system start-up.
* For many legacy CPLD devices, routing constrains most logic blocks to have input and output signals connected to external pins, reducing opportunities for internal state storage and deeply layered logic. This is usually not a factor for larger CPLDs and newer CPLD product families.
Other features are in common with FPGAs:
* Large number of gates available. CPLDs typically have the equivalent of thousands to tens of thousands of logic gates, allowing implementation of moderately complicated data processing devices. PALs typically have a few hundred gate equivalents at most, while FPGAs typically range from tens of thousands to several million.
* Some provisions for logic more flexible than sum-of-product expressions, including complicated feedback paths between macro cells, and specialized logic for implementing various commonly used functions, such as integer arithmetic.
The most noticeable difference between a large CPLD and a small FPGA is the presence of on-chip non-volatile memory in the CPLD, which allows CPLDs to be used for "boot loader" functions, before handing over control to other devices not having their own permanent program storage. A good example is where a CPLD is used to load configuration data for an FPGA from non-volatile memory.

## Distinctions

CPLDs were an evolutionary step from even smaller devices that preceded them: PLAs (first shipped by Signetics) and PALs. These in turn were preceded by standard logic products, which offered no programmability and were used to build logic functions by physically wiring several standard logic chips (or hundreds of them) together (usually with wiring on a printed circuit board or boards, but sometimes, especially for prototyping, using wire wrap wiring).
The main distinction between FPGA and CPLD device architectures is that CPLDs are internally based on a collection of PLDs accompanied by a programmable interconnection structure, while FPGAs use logic blocks.
# Davide Colomba

Davide Colomba (born 19 July 1988) is an Italian professional football player who last played for Indian club FC Pune City.
A midfielder, he is the son of Franco Colomba, who brought Davide to Italian side Parma F.C. when he had been head coach there in the summer of 2011, as well as FC Pune City in the summer of 2014.

## Career

Davide started his career at Bologna, which also trained his father at youth. Davide made his Serie B debut on 12 January 2008 against Mantova. Davide joined Foggia in 2008 for an undisclosed fee. In 2010, he was signed by SPAL 1907.

### Parma

In July 2011 Parma swapped the full registration rights of Colomba to 50% registration rights of Francesco Pambianchi and Alessandro Vecchi directly, for €450,000 nominal value in accounting. The profit did not prevent the fold of SPAL. Colomba signed a 3-year contract and was immediately on loan to Serie B club Crotone.

### Ascoli

On 29 June 2012 Parma bought half of the registration rights of Lorenzo Pasqualini for €1.25 million with half of the rights of Colomba moved to Ascoli for €1.1 million, thus only €150,000 cash was involved. Colomba signed a 5-year contract. Colomba followed Ascoli relegated to the third division in 2013.
In June 2014 Parma bought back Colomba for a peppercorn fee, as well as Pasqualini, Di Gennaro, Gragnoli outright also for a peppercorn. That summer also saw the return of Tamási to Parma on 1 July; Ascoli released Parma half owned Storani on 29 July as well as signing Addae from Parma on 18 July.

### Pune City

In summer 2014 Davide and his father Franco were signed by Indian team FC Pune City.
# James Wall

James Wall may refer to:
* James Walter Wall (1820–1872), United States Senator from New Jersey
* James S. Wall (born 1964), American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church
* James Wall (diplomat), former Canadian ambassador to Angola and Eritrea and current ambassador to the Netherlands
* James Wall (actor) (1917–2010), American actor and stage manager
* James Wall (footballer) (born 1980), English footballer
* James Charles Wall (1860–1943), British ecclesiologist and historian
* James Wall (comedian) (1863–1927), American comedian and minstrel
* James M. Wall (1928–2021), American Methodist minister and journalist
# Republican

Republican can refer to:

## Political ideology

* An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law.
** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or against monarchy; the opposite of monarchism
*** Republicanism in Australia
*** Republicanism in Barbados
*** Republicanism in Canada
*** Republicanism in Ireland
*** Republicanism in Morocco
*** Republicanism in the Netherlands
*** Republicanism in New Zealand
*** Republicanism in Spain
*** Republicanism in Sweden
*** Republicanism in the United Kingdom
*** Republicanism in the United States
** Classical republicanism, republicanism as formulated in the Renaissance
* A member of a Republican Party:
** Republican Party (disambiguation)
** Republican Party (United States), one of the two main parties in the U.S.
** Fianna Fáil, a conservative political party in Ireland
** The Republicans (France), the main centre-right political party in France
** The Republican Proposal, PRO, Republican Party of Argentina
** Republicans (Brazil), a conservative political party in Brazil
** Republican People's Party (disambiguation)
* particular governments that called themselves republics, including:
** List of republics
** Roman Republic, as well as supporters of the Republic during the Roman Empire
** Second Spanish Republic, during the Spanish Civil War, as well as its supporters
*** Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)
** Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, which governed Afghanistan from 2004 to 2021
*** Republican insurgency in Afghanistan
** Various French Republics, most notably the First Republic established during the French Revolution and the Second Republic, the first post-Revolution republic in France

## People

* Upper Republican, a distinct culture of Native Americans along the upper Republican River

## Publications

* The Republican, a British newspaper established as Sherwin's Political Register by Richard Carlile in 1817 and renamed in 1819
* The Republican (Springfield, Massachusetts), a newspaper published in Springfield, Massachusetts
* Lawrence Republican, a defunct newspaper published before the American Civil War in Lawrence, Kansas
* Missouri Republican, newspaper based in St. Louis, Missouri (1808–1919)
* Woodville Republican, a weekly newspaper published in Woodville, Mississippi

## Places in the United States

* Republican City, Nebraska, a village in the state of Nebraska
* Republican River, a river that flows through Colorado, Nebraska, and Kansas
* Republican Township, Jefferson County, Indiana
* Republican Township, Clay County, Kansas
* Republican, North Carolina
# Dormaa West (district)

Dormaa West District is one of the twelve districts in Bono Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Dormaa District on 10 March 1989; until the southwest part of the district was split off to create Dormaa West District on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining part was later elevated to municipal district assembly status and has been renamed as Dormaa Central Municipal District. The district assembly is located in the western part of Bono Region and has Nkrankwanta as its capital town.

## Sources

* "Dormaa West District". Statoids.
# Mary Beth Landrum

Mary Elizabeth Landrum is a British-American statistician specializing in biostatistics, examining health services and the quality of health care delivery. She is a professor in the Department of Health Care Policy of the Harvard Medical School.

## Education and career

Landrum is originally from London. She majored in chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, graduating in 1987, and then studied biostatistics at the University of Michigan, earning a master's degree in 1992 and completing her Ph.D. in 1995.
After postdoctoral research in the Department of Health Care Policy of the Harvard Medical School, she was hired by the department as an assistant professor in 1998. She was promoted to associate professor in 2005 and full professor in 2012.
Landrum's research focus is on the development and application of statistical methodology for health services research. She studies health care delivery, specifically examining the impact of provider characteristics on quality of care when providers are measured on more than one dimension of care.

## Recognition

In 2015, Landrum was named a Fellow of the American Statistical Association.
# Shimpling, Norfolk

Shimpling is a village and former civil parish 16 miles (26 km) south of Norwich, now in the parish of Burston and Shimpling, in the South Norfolk district, in the county of Norfolk, England. The parish had a population of 134 in 1931.

## Amenities

Shimpling has a church called St George. It is one of 124 round tower churches in Norfolk and now redundant. It is in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.

## Location

Historically, Shimpling was bounded on the east by Dickleburgh, on the west by Burston, on the south by Thelton, and on the north by Gissing. These divisions largely remain.

## History

The name "Shimpling" is Old English and means 'Scimpel's people'. Shimpling was recorded in the Domesday Book as Simplinga(ham). On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Burston.
# The Fiction Maze

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metal Temple | |
| The Monolith | |
| Sputnikmusic | |
| Sound Scape | |
| Hollywood Metal | |
| Hard Rock Heaven | |
| Powermetal.de | |
The Fiction Maze is the fourth studio album by Swedish power metal band Persuader. The band describes the album as "the perfect mix of everything we've done so far, expanded on the Persuader sound while keeping the core that is the band" and "a beast of an album, the true pinnacle of our career so far." In an interview with Swedish newspaper Västerbottens-Kuriren, Emil noted that the album is "a little more aggressive and a little heavier" than their previous work. The album is Persuader's first release in seven years.
On 11 September 2013, Persuader announced they had signed with Inner Wound Recordings.

## Background

The album experienced multiple delays in its recording and anticipated release date. The band had been working on the album since at least May 2008, and cites personal lives and work with Savage Circus and other projects, as factors in the repeated delays.
In an interview with HighWire Daze, Efraim explains the theme behind the album:
   The maze idea can be applied to most of the lyrics, but it's not necessary a concept album. The idea is that finding the real truth in things, whether it's in religion, the news on TV or your own mindset can be like finding your way through a labyrinth.

## Recording

According to Persuader's studio blog, the album has been recorded in multiple locations, one of which was described as "an old haunted house just by the shore of the mighty Kvarken... It's cold, dark and pretty filthy so the ambience for the new album is set."
On the band's previous two albums, Piet Sielck of Iron Savior contributed backing vocals. For this album however, the band decided to have Emil and Efraim do the backing vocals. The result, according to the band, is a rawer sound compared to their previous two records. Previews were released on the band's studio diary. "Son of Sodom's" working title was "Behemoth", and is a heavier track. "Deep In the Dark" shows "a bit softer and atmospheric side of Persuader."
# Davide Ferri

Davide Ferri (born 19 September 2002) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Serie C Group A club Pro Patria.

## Club career

A product of Pro Patria’s youth system, Ferri was promoted to the first team in 2019. On 2 July 2021, he renew his contract with the club.