OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arthur Ling

Arthur George Ling (20 September 1913 – 20 December 1995) was a British architect and town planner. From 1955 to 1964, he was City Architect and Planning Officer for Coventry. As head of Nottingham University’s Department of Architecture, he was Consultant Architect-Planner for the Runcorn New Town Masterplan (1967). There he invented the Runcorn Busway, the world's first bus rapid transit system.

## Early life and education

Ling was born in Swindon, Wiltshire on 20 September 1913. He was educated at Christ's Hospital, Horsham before winning a scholarship to study at the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London. After graduating a BA (Architecture), he was awarded a Diploma in Town Planning in 1938.

## Career

Ling began his career as a planner at London County Council in 1936 before joining the modernist practice of Maxwell Fry and Walter Gropius in 1937. At the beginning of the Second World War, he became structural engineer at the City of London Corporation before returning to the county council in 1941 where he helped to prepare the County of London Plan.
In 1955, he became City Architect and Planning Officer for Coventry. Following several part-time positions at the Hammersmith School of Art and UCL, Ling was appointed Professor and Head of Nottingham University’s Department of Architecture in 1964. In that capacity, he created the Runcorn new town masterplan and the world's first bus rapid transit system, the Runcorn Busway, while sketching on the back of an envelope.

## Political views

Ling joined the Communist Party as a student, and following a visit in 1939, stayed on in the USSR to study Soviet town planning. He was active in the Society for Cultural Relations with the USSR after the Second World War and was a founder member of the Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding in 1965.

## Personal life and death

He married Marjorie Tall on 22 April 1939 with whom he had one son and three daughters. He died on 20 December 1995 at his home in Helmdon, Brackley, Northamptonshire.

## Recognition and media

Ling was made Vice President of the Royal Institute of British Architects from 1963 to 1964, and Honorary Treasurer from 1964 to 1967. He was President of the Town Planning Institute from 1968 to 1969.
Ling featured in two films on planning: Proud City (1946) on the 1943 County of London Plan, and Basingstoke - Runcorn: British New Towns (1974), a Canadian information film.
# Libby Sharpe

Libby Sharpe (born 27 November 1991) is an Australian football (soccer) player currently playing for Newcastle United Jets.
Sharpe represented NSW at ten years of age and in 2007 played in the Australian under 17s side. She plays in the full-back position.
# Vernon Grimshaw

Vernon Grimshaw (15 April 1916 – 21 June 1989) was an English cricketer: a right-handed batsman and leg break bowler who played 19 times for Worcestershire between 1936 and 1938. He averaged only 13.93 in that time, but his career did contain one undoubted highlight: scoring 103 while opening the batting against the New Zealanders in 1937. He took only two first-class wickets, one each in successive matches in 1936. His victims were both substantial cricketers: Tom Brierley and Harry Storer.
Grimshaw played at least once in the Minor Counties Championship for Bedfordshire, scoring 0 against Buckinghamshire in August 1955.
Grimshaw was born in Roundhay, Leeds, Yorkshire; he died in Clifton, Bedfordshire at the age of 73.
# Military History for the Modern Strategist

Military History for the Modern Strategist: America's Major Wars Since 1861 is a nonfiction military history book by Michael E. O'Hanlon. It was published by Brookings Institution Press in 2023. The book analyzes every one of the United States of America's major wars, from the American Civil War to the conflicts in the Middle East.

## Structure

The book is separated into six chapters. The first five each deal with a different era of American warfare: Chapter 1 (The American Civil War), Chapter 2 (World War I), Chapter 3 (World War II), Chapter 4 (The Korean War and Vietnam War), and Chapter 5 (Middle Eastern wars after 1990, including the Iraq War and War in Afghanistan). The sixth chapter concludes the book by summarizing the key takeaways from the analyses presented in previous chapters.
Over the course of the book, O'Hanlon observes that wars tend to be more costly and difficult than expected, and that its ultimate outcome is rarely apparent at the outset. O'Hanlon attributes the United States' track record of losses and costly engagement with modern wars to these factors. However, he observes that the grand military strategy of the United States has been more successful than any other nation in history. This success has rendered modern setbacks inconsequential. He credits this success to the United States' resource-rich, continent-spanning infrastructure as well as its society, which is democratic, flexible and places a high value on research and development.

## Reception

The book received positive reviews. Amos C. Fox praised the book's focus on concise, qualitative analyses of case studies in a review for The Journal of Strategic Security. Fox wrote that "readability and O’Hanlon’s ability to reduce complex ideas into manageable bits of information" made it stand out. Fletcher M. Burton of American Diplomacy praised the book's breadth and insightful analysis of American military doctrine.
Lieutenant Commander Michael Axel praised the book in a review for the United States Naval Institute, recommending it as a foundational text on U.S. military history. Wm. Shane Story of Army History wrote that the book was accessible to general audiences while still being useful for subject matter experts.
# Richard Eyres

Richard 'Richie' Eyres (born 7 December 1964) is an English-born former professional rugby league and rugby union footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played international rugby league for Great Britain, England and Wales, and at club level for Blackbrook ARLFC, St Helens, Widnes St. Maries ARLFC, Widnes (two spells), Leeds, Warrington Wolves, Sheffield Eagles and Rochdale Hornets, as a second-row, or loose forward, and club level rugby union for Neath and Coventry.

## Background

Richie Eyres was born in St Helens, Lancashire, England, he has Welsh ancestors, and eligible to play for Wales due to the grandparent rule.

## Playing career
### Widnes

Eyres played and scored a try in Widnes' 30–18 victory over Canberra Raiders in the 1989 World Club Challenge at Old Trafford, Manchester on Wednesday 4 October 1989.
He played for Widnes in the 1993 Challenge Cup final against Wigan, scoring a try in the 14–20 defeat, but was sent off for elbowing Martin Offiah. He was banned for six games.

### Leeds

Eyres was signed by Leeds in August 1993, with a transfer fee of £135,000 being set via tribunal.

### International honours

Richie Eyres won a cap for England while at Widnes in 1992 against Wales, won caps for Wales while at Leeds in 1995 against England, France, and in the 1995 Rugby League World Cup, against France, Western Samoa, and England, and while at Swinton in 1998 against England, and in 1999 against Ireland, and Scotland, and won caps for Great Britain while at Widnes in 1989 against France (interchange/substitute), in 1991 against France (twice, once as a substitute), in 1992 in the 1989–1992 Rugby League World Cup against France (interchange/substitute), and Australia (interchange/substitute), in 1993 against France (2 matches), and while at Leeds in 1993 against New Zealand (interchange/substitute) (2 matches).
Eyres is unusual in having initially represented England and then gone onto represent Wales.

### Rugby union

In 1996, Eyres signed for Welsh rugby union club, Neath.

## Family

Eyres is the brother of the rugby league wing, and scrum-half of the 1980s and 1990s for Widnes, Keighley Cougars and Rochdale Hornets; Andy Eyres.
# Harold Edmondson

Harold Spencer Edmondson (12 November 1903 – c.1982) was a Huddersfield-born professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1910s and 1920s. He played at club level for Bramley and Huddersfield, as a stand-off.

## Playing career
### Club career

Harold Edmondson, the youngest footballer to have played first-class rugby league, aged 15 years 81 days, made his début for Bramley and scored a try against Bradford Northern on Saturday 1 February 1919, he transferred from Bramley to Huddersfield during 1922, and he fractured his clavicle (collar-bone) while making a tackle on Saturday 5 September 1925, and he retired from rugby league during 1926.
According to a 2019 article by Martyn Cheney "Harold Edmondson’s claim to fame lay dormant for almost seventy years. It had generally been accepted that Harold Wagstaff at 15 years 175 days of age on his debut for Huddersfield in 1906 was the youngest player to have figured in first-class Rugby League. Waggie’s claim is now obsolete as it has been conclusively shown that Harold Edmondson, still a schoolboy, played stand-off for Bramley against Bradford Northern on 1st February 1919 aged only 15 years 81 days where he celebrated with his first try for the club in his only appearance that season."
Harold won the Yorkshire Challenge Cup Runner's Up medal when playing for Huddersfield on 24 November 1923.

## Post playing

After marriage to Marjorie Wilson and a successful career as a technical dyer, Harold died in Halifax in c.1982. He left two children, Christine and Peter, and five grandchildren.
# Lee Pil-jung

Lee Pil-jung (Korean: 이필중, also transliterated Lee Pil-jong or Lee Pil-joong, born 4 August 1937) is a South Korean diver. He competed in the men's 10 metre platform event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# SS Carrabulle

SS Carrabulle was a Design 1022 cargo ship built for the United States Shipping Board immediately after World War I.

## History

She was laid down at yard number 1530 at the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania shipyard of the American International Shipbuilding Corporation, one of 110 Design 1022 cargo ships built for the United States Shipping Board. She was completed in 1920 and named Carrabulle. In 1920, she was purchased by the American Fuel & Transportation Company and converted into a tanker by the Globe Shipbuilding Company in Baltimore with a 344,963 gallon capacity. In 1921, she was returned to the USSB. In 1922, she was purchased by the Curtis Bay Copper & Iron Works (Baltimore, Maryland). In 1923, she was purchased by the Cuban Distilling Company where she was utilized to transport blackstrap molasses, a byproduct of sugar refining, to the United States where it would be used to produce cattle feed, vinegar and denatured alcohol (in high demand due to Prohibition).
On May 26, 1942, she was torpedoed and sunk by German submarine U-106 in the Gulf of Mexico (26°18′N 89°21′W﻿ / ﻿26.300°N 89.350°W﻿ / 26.300; -89.350). 22 men were killed and 18 were rescued by the US Type C1-B freighter Thompson Lykes.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 McKellar, p. Part II, 589.
* 1 2 3 Fifty Second Annual List of Merchant Vessels of the United States - Seagoing vessels, Arranged in Order of Signal Letters. p. 94.
* 1 2 3 McKellar, p. Part II, 588.
* 1 2 3 Marine Review 1921, p. 97.
* 1 2 Fifty Second Annual List of Merchant Vessels of the United States - Seagoing Merchant Steam Vessels of 500 Gross Tons and Over Fitted For Burning Oil Fuel. p. 462.
* ↑ Marine Review 1921, p. 17.
* 1 2 Cressman, Robert (2000). The Official Chronology of the U.S. Navy in World War II. 2016. ISBN 9781557501493.
# Steve Stoyanovich

Steve Stoyanovich (born May 2, 1957 in London, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played 23 games in the National Hockey League with the Hartford Whalers during the 1983–84 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1981 to 1988, was mainly spent in the Italian Serie A.
As a youth, he played in the 1969 and 1970 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournaments with a minor ice hockey team from London.
He owns six Tim Hortons restaurants in the London, Ontario region.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1974–75 | Sir Frederick Banting Secondary School | HS-CA | 60 | 70 | 60 | 130 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1975–76 | Oakridge Secondary School | HS-CA | 30 | 20 | 30 | 50 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1976–77 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | ECAC | 29 | 19 | 22 | 41 | 32 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1977–78 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | ECAC | 28 | 22 | 30 | 52 | 24 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1978–79 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | ECAC | 28 | 17 | 30 | 47 | 32 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1979–80 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | ECAC | 17 | 9 | 15 | 24 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1980–81 | Petrolia Squires | OHA Sr | 20 | 31 | 12 | 43 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1981–82 | Indianapolis Checkers | CHL | 80 | 42 | 30 | 72 | 55 | 13 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 20 |
| 1982–83 | Indianapolis Checkers | CHL | 79 | 41 | 43 | 84 | 65 | 13 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 4 |
| 1983–84 | Hartford Whalers | NHL | 23 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 11 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1983–84 | Binghamton Whalers | AHL | 21 | 11 | 8 | 19 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1984–85 | HC Gherdëina | ITA | 26 | 31 | 35 | 66 | 28 | 8 | 14 | 6 | 20 | 16 |
| 1985–86 | HC Gherdëina | ITA | 36 | 53 | 35 | 88 | 52 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 13 | 52 |
| 1986–87 | HC Fiemme Cavalese | ITA-2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1987–88 | HC Fiemme Cavalese | ITA | 35 | 37 | 47 | 84 | 79 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1988–89 | SG Cortina | ITA | 12 | 10 | 14 | 24 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — |
| ITA totals | ITA totals | ITA totals | 109 | 131 | 131 | 262 | 175 | 12 | 22 | 11 | 33 | 68 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 23 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 11 | — | — | — | — | — |
# Cassidy Davis

Cassidy Davis (born 25 August 1994) is an Australian footballer, who currently plays for Newcastle Jets in the A-League Women.

## Club career

Davis signed with her hometown club Newcastle Jets in 2013. She began her career playing in an attacking midfield role for the Jets, however over time she moved into a more defensive position. Davis became the club's Co-Captain ahead of the 2018-19 season alongside Gema Simon and Emily van Egmond. On Matchday 3 of the 2021-22 season Davis played her 100th consecutive A-League Women match, a league record. In March 2022, Davis made her 109th consecutive appearance in the top flight of Australian soccer. She therefore set the record for most consecutive top flight games in Australia for either a male or female, beating the record previously held by Nikolai Topor-Stanley.

## Honours

Individual
* A-League Women Goal of the Year: 2023–24
# Hlusk District

Hlusk District (Belarusian: Глускі раён; Russian: Глусский район, romanized: Glussky rayon) is a district (raion) of Mogilev Region in Belarus. The administrative center is the urban-type settlement of Hlusk. As of 2009, its population was 16,457. The population of Hlusk accounts for 45.0% of the district's population.
# Gary Disley

Gary Disley is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played at representative level for Great Britain (Under-21s), and at club level for Salford City Reds, as a prop.

## Playing career

Disley joined Salford from Leigh Miners in June 1983. He spent seven years at the club, appearing in 92 games.

### International honours

Disley won one cap for Great Britain under-21's as a substitute.
# The Logic of Life

The Logic of Life: The Rational Economics of an Irrational World is a book by Tim Harford published in 2008 by Random House. Harford argues that rational behavior is more widespread than expected in the larger population. He uses economic principles to draw forth the rational elements of supposedly illogical behaviors to illustrate his point.

## Overwhelming gain paradox

The overwhelming gain paradox is a paradox of reasoning that is referred to in the book.
Harford illustrates the paradox by the comparison of three potential job offers:
* In Job 1, you will be paid $100, and if you work hard you will be paid $200.
* In Job 2, you will be paid $100, and if you work hard you will have a 1% chance of being paid $200.
* In Job 3, you will be paid $100, and if you work hard you will have a 1% chance of being paid $1 billion.
Most people will state that they will choose to work hard in jobs 1 and 3, but not job 2. In Job 1, working hard is obvious because there is a clear reward for doing so. In Job 2, it seems a bad choice because the likelihood of a reward is so low. But in Job 3, working hard becomes the preferable choice, because the potential gain is so overwhelming that any chance - no matter how small - of obtaining it is seen as worthwhile. This appears irrational and paradoxical, because jobs 2 and 3 are identical 99% of the time.
Harford uses the Overwhelming Gain Paradox to explain the high salaries of certain professionals, such as bankers, executives and entertainers. He argues that the process of preparing for and getting many of these jobs requires extremely hard work with little or no guarantee of reward - usually due to low market demand, or uncertainty. Thus, the rewards for these jobs are set high as the result of a rational choice to exploit the overwhelming gain paradox; were it not for this, most jobs in this category would be seen as resembling job 2, making it unlikely anyone would aspire to them at all, or work hard enough to potentially qualify for them. The exploitation of the paradox also has negative consequences: the resulting high number of aspirants raises levels of competition, and the presence of the paradox amplifies irrational behavior in job hunting; but these are seen as preferable to these jobs attracting no interest at all.
# Hart of the Territory

Hart of the Territory is a 1951 Australian radio serial by Anthony Scott Veitch and produced by Colin Cragin. It was set in the Northern Territory. Sydney John Kay wrote the music. Extensive research went into the scripts.
The show aired Monday to Thursday nights with episodes going for fifteen minutes.
The show ran until late 1952.
The Adelaide Mail said "the virility of Hart of the Territory is a welcome change after a surfeit of soap operas."
The Daily Telegraph said "The script is so admirably laconic, and the acting held in such restraint; that the story concerning enemy spies in the Rum Jungle – becomes mighty convincing."
The series was repeated in 1956.

## Premise

Gil Hart, a city man, inherits a station in the Territory.

## Cast

* Charles Tingwell as Gil Hart
* Ken Wayne
* Margaret Christensen as Leslie Winters
* Dinah Shearing
* Lloyd Berrell
* Brian Wright as Narrator
* Frank Waters
* Wendy Playfair
* Alfred Bristowe
* Ron Whelan
# Jessica Dillon

Jessica Dillon (born 17 January 1995) is an Australian soccer player, who currently plays for Lions FC in the Women's National Premier League.
Dillon joined the Queensland Academy of Sport in 2011 after making the 2010 Westfield National Youth Championships All Star Team. After being named in the All Star Team, at the age of 16 Jessica was then selected in the Westfield Young Matildas Under 17s Squad. She competed in the 2011 AFC U16 Women's Championships held in China. The Westfield National U17 Women's team unfortunately missed out on qualifying for the 2012 FIFA U17 Women's World Cup.
Following her selection into the National team she played for Perth Glory in the Australian W-League in the 2013/2014 season.
After Dillon's stint in the Westfield W-League she went to Canada where she played with Toronto Lady Lynx in the Canadian W-League. She would later play for The Gap back in Australia.
# Jamshed Dasti

Jamshed Dasti (Urdu: جمشید دستی; born 15 February 1972) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan between 2008 and 2018 and win elections in 2023 for National Assembly of Pakistan from NA 175 as an independent candidate with support of Pakistan Tehreek insaf (PTI)

## Early life

He was born on 15 February 1972.

## Political career

Dasti is known to have changed potical parties frequently. He has been affiliated with the Pakistan People's Party (PPP), Pakistan Muslim League (N) and most recently in PTI.
He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan on a PPP ticket from NA-178 Muazaffargarh-III in 2008 Pakistani general election.
In 2010, he resigned from the National Assembly for possessing a fake BA degree after which the Supreme Court of Pakistan ordered him to present his graduation degree.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly from Constituency NA-178 in a by-election held in 2010. In 2012, he quit PPP.
In April 2013 Dasti was sentenced to 3 years in prison and 5,000 Rupees fine for presenting a fake graduation degree during the 2008 election. Following the court verdict he was arrested from outside the courtroom. On foreseeing the court verdict he announced his decision of not contesting in the general elections of 2013 a day earlier the court announced the verdict.
On 10 April 2013, the Multan bench of Lahore High Court heard Dasti's appeal and overturned his conviction of 3 years and 5000 Rs fine hence paving the way for him to contest the elections. In 2013, he joined the PML (N).
He was re-elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as an independent candidate from NA-177 Muazaffargarh-II and NA-178 Muazaffargarh-III in the 2013 Pakistani general election.
He formed his own party, the Awami Raj Party, in 2016.
In the 2018 Pakistani general election he ran from NA-182 Muzaffargarh-II, NA-184 Muzaffargarh-IV, and NA-185 Muzaffargarh-V as a candidate of the Awami Raj Party. He received 50,618, 40,390 votes, and 9,319 votes and lost to Mehr Irshad Ahmed Sial and Iftikhar Ahmed Khan Babar, both PPP candidates, and Syed Basit Sultan Bukhari, an independent, respectively.
On 22 March 2023, Dasti joined and merged his party with the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI).
He contested the 2024 Pakistani general election from NA-175 Muzaffargarh-I as a PTI-endorsed independent candidate. He received 113,391 votes and defeated Mehr Irshad Ahmed Sial, a candidate of PPP.

## Controversies

He was nominated as accused in a murder case in 2015.
In June 2017, Dasati was arrested while he was returning to Muzzafargarh from Islamabad, for allegedly opening a water canal forcibly in Muzzaffargarh, to irrigate the farming lands. His bail request was approved by an Anti-Terrorism Court a few days later.