# 1959–60 Four Hills Tournament

The eighth annual Four Hills Tournament in Germany and Austria was influenced by the German flag controversy, which led to the teams of the Warsaw pact zone withdrawing from the tournament. In addition, Finland and Norway decided not to compete due to preparations for the upcoming 1960 Winter Olympics. Finland ultimately sent prospective athletes.
The tournament was instead dominated by the host country and for the first time, the Four Hills were won by a West German ski jumper, Max Bolkart.

## German Flag Controversy

For ten years after its declared independence, the German Democratic Republic continued to use the German tricolour for official use. In October 1959, they finally adapted a distinctive flag, the East German coat of arms in front of the tricolour. The Four Hills tournament starting in December 1959 was one of the first sporting events on West German ground where East German athletes were supposed to compete under the new flag.
However, it was prohibited to display the new East German flag under West German law and the hosts refused to do so in Oberstdorf. The strong East German delegation including defending champion Helmut Recknagel refused to compete under the circumstances and withdrew. Teams of countries that accepted East Germany as a sovereign nation and thus their flag, withdrew in solidarity (Czechoslovakia, Poland and the Soviet Union). Originally, it was announced that they would compete at the two events in Austria.
Austria, however, did not yet have diplomatic relations with the GDR and it was left to the local government to deal with the situation. Innsbruck mayor Alois Lugger decided not to display the East German flag either. Although he offered compromises, such as the use of the Olympic German flag or using no flags at all, the Warsaw pact teams declared their withdrawal on the day of the Innsbruck event and left the day after.

## Participating nations and athletes

Many notable absences include the teams from East Germany, the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Norway and the top athletes from Finland.
A French team, however, competed at the Four Hills for the first time.
| Nation | Number of Athletes | Athletes |
| Germany | 13 | Hermann Anwander, Helmut Böck, Max Bolkart, Rudi Duffke, Alois Haberstock, Wolfgang Happle, Heini Ihle, Helmut Kurz, Georg Thoma, Helmut Wegscheider, Hubert Witting, Heinrich Zapf, Axel Zerlaut |
| Austria | 14 | Willi Egger, Klaus Fichtner, Walter Habersatter, Waldemar Heigenhauser, Willi Köstinger, Ernst Kröll, Lois Leodolter, Otto Leodolter, Peter Müller, Alwin Plank, Baldur Preiml, Rudi Schweinberger, Walter Steinegger, Ferdl Wallner |
| Canada | 3 | Jacques Charland, Gerry Gravelle, Luis Moser |
| Finland | 2 | Timo Kavelä, Markku Maatela |
| France | 2 | Claude Jean-Prost, Robert Rey |
| Sweden | 4 | Lars-Åke Bergseije, Holger Karlsson, Inger Lindquist, Folke Mikaelsson |
| Switzerland | 3 | Andreas Däscher, Ueli Scheidegger, Peter Wenger |
| Yugoslavia | 5 | Božo Jemc, Jože Langus, Miro Oman, Marjan Pečar, Jože Šlibar |

## Results
### Oberstdorf

Schattenbergschanze, Oberstdorf 30 December 1959
| Rank | Name | Points |
| 1 | Max Bolkart | 220.5 |
| 2 | Alwin Plank | 219.5 |
| 3 | Helmut Kurz | 219.0 |
| 4 | Willi Egger | 217.0 |
| 4 | Holger Karlsson | 217.0 |
| 6 | Hermann Anwander | 215.5 |
| 7 | Walter Habersatter | 214.5 |
| 8 | Otto Leodolter | 212.5 |
| 9 | Folke Mikaelsson | 212.0 |
| 9 | Georg Thoma | 212.0 |

### Garmisch-Partenkirchen

Große Olympiaschanze, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1 January 1960
With his ninth place in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Jacques Charland became the first non-European with a Top-Ten-finish at a Four Hills event.
| Rank | Name | Points |
| 1 | Max Bolkart | 216.9 |
| 2 | Timo Kivelä | 216.5 |
| 3 | Jože Šlibar | 212.7 |
| 4 | Inger Lindquist | 212.6 |
| 5 | Georg Thoma | 212.5 |
| 6 | Božo Jemc | 212.1 |
| 7 | Alwin Plank | 211.2 |
| 8 | Markku Maatela | 210.8 |
| 9 | Jacques Charland | 210.4 |
| 10 | Willi Egger | 209.8 |

### Innsbruck

Bergiselschanze, Innsbruck 3 January 1960
Thanks to close results so far, the overall ranking was still closely contested after the first two events. In Innsbruck however, Max Bolkart increased his lead to almost twenty points after a third, clearer victory.
Curiously, three out of four Swedish competitors shared 21st place, equal in points (198.5).
| Rank | Name | Points |
| 1 | Max Bolkart | 229.5 |
| 2 | Otto Leodolter | 225.5 |
| 3 | Alwin Plank | 216.5 |
| 4 | Folke Mikaelsson | 215.5 |
| 5 | Georg Thoma | 214.5 |
| 6 | Timo Kivelä | 213.0 |
| 7 | Willi Egger | 212.0 |
| 8 | Božo Jemc | 211.5 |
| 8 | Walter Steinegger | 211.5 |
| 10 | Markku Maatela | 211.0 |

### Bischofshofen

Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze, Bischofshofen 6 January 1959
Max Bolkart was the third athlete within seven years to win the first three events but fail to achieve the 'Grand Slam' in Bischofshofen. He still became the first West German to win the tournament however, as Alwin Plank almost, but not quite closed the gap in the overall ranking.
The Austrians achieved their first triple victory, a feat that only the Finnish had produced so far (twice in 1954–55).
| Rank | Name | Points |
| 1 | Alwin Plank | 227.5 |
| 2 | Otto Leodolter | 224.7 |
| 3 | Willi Egger | 221.7 |
| 4 | Helmut Kurz | 216.0 |
| 5 | Max Bolkart | 211.1 |
| 5 | Jacques Charland | 211.1 |
| 7 | Walter Steinegger | 210.8 |
| 8 | Wolfgang Happle | 209.8 |
| 9 | Jože Šlibar | 208.9 |
| 10 | Timo Kivelä | 204.3 |

## Final ranking

| Rank | Name | Oberstdorf | Garmisch-Partenkirchen | Innsbruck | Bischofshofen | Points |
| 1 | Max Bolkart | 1st | 1st | 1st | 5th | 878.0 |
| 2 | Alwin Plank | 2nd | 7th | 3rd | 1st | 874.7 |
| 3 | Otto Leodolter | 8th | 11th | 2nd | 2nd | 870.6 |
| 4 | Willi Egger | 4th | 10th | 7th | 3rd | 860.5 |
| 5 | Helmut Kurz | 3rd | 12th | 14th | 4th | 849.0 |
| 6 | Timo Kivelä | 11th | 2nd | 6th | 10th | 845.3 |
| 7 | Georg Thoma | 9th | 5th | 5th | 14th | 839.2 |
| 8 | Walter Steinegger | 23rd | 14th | 8th | 7th | 826.8 |
| 9 | Hermann Anwander | 6th | 20th | 15th | 11th | 825.7 |
| 10 | Wolfgang Happle | 19th | 27th | 17th | 8th | 808.7 |