# List of United States senators in the 42nd Congress

This is a complete list of members of the United States Senate during the 42nd United States Congress listed by seniority, from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873.
Order of service is based on the commencement of the senator's first term. Behind this is former service as a senator (only giving the senator seniority within his or her new incoming class), service as vice president, a House member, a cabinet secretary, or a governor of a state. The final factor is the population of the senator's state.
Senators who were sworn in during the middle of the Congress (up until the last senator who was not sworn in early after winning the November 1872 election) are listed at the end of the list with no number.

## Terms of service

| Class | Terms of service of senators that expired in years |
| Class 3 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1873 (AL, AR, CA, CT, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MO, NC, NH, NV, NY, ND, OH, OR, PA, SC, VT, and WI.) |
| Class 1 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1875 (CA, CT, DE, FL, IN, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NE, NJ, NV, NY, OH, PA, RI, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, and WV) |
| Class 2 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1877 (AL, AR, DE, GA, IA, IL, KS, KY, LA, MA, ME, MI, MN, MS, NC, NE, NH, NJ, OR, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, and WV.) |

## U.S. Senate seniority list

U.S. Senate seniority :
| Rank | Senator (party-state) | Seniority date | Other factors |
| 1 | Charles Sumner (LR-MA) | April 11, 1851 | |
| 2 | Henry Wilson (R-MA) | January 31, 1855 | |
| 3 | Lyman Trumbull (R-IL) | March 4, 1855 | |
| 4 | Zachariah Chandler (R-MI) | March 4, 1857 | |
| 5 | Henry B. Anthony (R-RI) | March 4, 1859 | Former governor |
| 6 | Timothy O. Howe (R-WI) | March 4, 1861 | |
| 7 | John Sherman (R-OH) | March 21, 1861 | |
| 8 | Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-KS) | April 4, 1861 | |
| 9 | Garrett Davis (D-KY) | December 23, 1861 | |
| 10 | Alexander Ramsey (R-MN) | March 4, 1863 | |
| 11 | William Sprague IV (R-RI) | March 4, 1863 | |
| 12 | William M. Stewart (R-NV) | February 1, 1865 | |
| 13 | James W. Nye (R-NV) | February 1, 1865 | |
| 14 | Aaron H. Cragin (R-NH) | March 4, 1865 | |
| 15 | George F. Edmunds (R-VT) | April 3, 1866 | |
| 16 | Thomas Tipton (R-NE) | March 1, 1867 | |
| 17 | Roscoe Conkling (R-NY) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 18 | Justin Smith Morrill (R-VT) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 19 | Oliver P. Morton (R-IN) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 20 | Simon Cameron (R-PA) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 21 | Orris S. Ferry (R-CT) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 22 | Thomas Tipton (R-NE) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 23 | Cornelius Cole (R-CA) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 24 | James Harlan (R-IA) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 25 | James W. Patterson (R-NH) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 26 | Henry W. Corbett (R-OR) | March 4, 1867 | |
| 27 | George Vickers (D-MD) | March 7, 1868 | |
| 28 | Benjamin F. Rice (R-AR) | June 23, 1868 | |
| 29 | Thomas W. Osborn (R-FL) | June 25, 1868 | |
| 30 | William P. Kellogg (R-LA) | July 9, 1868 | |
| 31 | George E. Spencer (R-AL) | July 13, 1868 | |
| 32 | John Pool (R-NC) | July 14, 1868 | |
| 33 | Thomas J. Robertson (R-SC) | July 15, 1868 | |
| 34 | Frederick A. Sawyer (R-SC) | July 16, 1868 | |
| 35 | Thomas F. Bayard (D-DE) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 36 | Hannibal Hamlin (R-ME) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 37 | Allen G. Thurman (D-OH) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 38 | Eugene Casserly (D-CA) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 39 | William A. Buckingham (R-CT) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 40 | Abijah Gilbert (R-FL) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 41 | Daniel D. Pratt (R-IN) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 42 | William T. Hamilton (D-MD) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 43 | Carl Schurz (R-MO) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 44 | John P. Stockton (D-NJ) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 45 | Reuben Fenton (R-NY) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 46 | John Scott (R-PA) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 47 | William G. Brownlow (R-TN) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 48 | Arthur I. Boreman (R-WV) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 49 | Matthew H. Carpenter (R-WI) | March 4, 1869 | |
| 50 | Lot M. Morrill (D-ME) | October 30, 1869 | |
| 51 | John F. Lewis (R-VA) | January 26, 1870 | |
| 52 | Adelbert Ames (R-MS) | February 23, 1870 | |
| 53 | James W. Flanagan (R-TX) | March 30, 1870 | |
| 54 | Morgan C. Hamilton (R-TX) | March 31, 1870 | |
| 55 | Francis Preston Blair Jr. (D-MO) | January 20, 1871 | |
| 56 | Joshua Hill (R-GA) | February 1, 1871 | |
| 57 | Eli Saulsbury (D-DE) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 58 | Thomas W. Ferry (R-MI) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 59 | William Windom (R-MN) | March 4, 1871 | Former representative |
| 60 | Henry G. Davis (D-WV) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 61 | George Goldthwaite (D-AL) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 62 | Powell Clayton (R-AR) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 63 | John A. Logan (R-IL) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 64 | George G. Wright (R-IA) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 65 | John W. Stevenson (D-KY) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 66 | Joseph R. West (R-LA) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 67 | Phineas Hitchcock (R-NE) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 68 | Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R-NJ) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 69 | James K. Kelly (D-OR) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 70 | Henry Cooper (D-TN) | March 4, 1871 | |
| 71 | Alexander Caldwell (R-KS) | March 4, 1871 | |
| | John W. Johnston (D-VA) | March 15, 1871 | |
| | Thomas M. Norwood (D-GA) | November 14, 1871 | |
| | James L. Alcorn (R-MS) | December 1, 1871 | |
| | Matt W. Ransom (D-NC) | January 30, 1872 | |
| | Willis Benson Machen (D-KY) | September 27, 1872 | |