OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Metamorphosis (Mercenary album)

Metamorphosis is the sixth studio album by the Danish melodic death metal band Mercenary. It features a radically different line-up than on previous releases. It is the first album since First Breath not to feature the Sandager brothers and the first without Mike Park on drums since 11 Dreams. It is Morten Løwe's debut on drums.
Metamorphosis was first released on 25 February 2011 by Napalm Records. The US version was released on 29 March 2011 by Prosthetic Records and included one bonus track. The song "The Follower" appeared on the band's YouTube channel on 23 December 2010. The song "In a River of Madness" was released for streaming on the band's Facebook page on 8 February 2011. The whole album was released for streaming on the Metal Hammer Germany website.

## Track listing

* "Through the Eyes of the Devil" - 5:13
* "The Follower" - 4:33
* "In a River of Madness" - 5:59
* "Memoria" - 5:43
* "Velvet Lies" - 6:53
* "In Bloodred Shades" - 4:35
* "Shades of Grey" - 5:36
* "On the Edge of Sanity" - 4:24
* "The Black Brigade" - 5:44

### Bonus tracks

* "Incorporate Your Demons" (US bonus track)
* "Vanity For Sale" (iTunes bonus track)
* "The Devil's Own" (iTunes bonus track)

## Personnel

Band members
* René Pedersen – vocals, bass guitar
* Martin Buus – lead guitar, keyboards
* Jakob Mølbjerg – rhythm guitar
* Morten Løwe – drums
Guests
* Kim Olesen - keyboards
Additional credits
* Don G. – cover art
# Kaemtjenent

Kaemtjenent in hieroglyphs :
Era: Old Kingdom (2686–2181 BC) :
Kaemtjenent (Egyptian K3(j)-m-ṯnnt; fl. c. 2400 BC) was an ancient Egyptian official under king Djedkare Isesi in the late Fifth Dynasty, during the Old Kingdom period.

## Career

He is mainly known from his mastaba (G 7411), that is located north of the step pyramid of king Djoser at Saqqara; Kaemtjenent himself is depicted on a wall of the mastaba's portico, along with his wife. The decoration of his mastaba records a letter in which a vizier with the name of Rashepses is mentioned. This vizier is known from other sources and lived during the reign of Djedkare Isesi. On this basis, Kaemtjenent is believed to have lived under this king as well. The tombs of both officials are not far apart.
The mastaba of Kaemtjenent gives several important titles that he held, including overseer of all royal works of the king and king's son. The former title indicates that he was most likely involved in important royal building works, possibly the royal pyramid complex itself. Further titles provide evidence that he was involved in nautical expeditions. These include ḫtmw nṯr m wi3y ˁ3wy dd nrw ḥrw m ḫ3swt -god's sealer in the two great barks, who places the dread of Horus in foreign lands and imi-r3 mš3 - expedition leader.

## Filiation

Kaemtjenent's title King's son is somewhat more problematic. It could indicate that he was a son of a king, which is the view held by Egyptologists such as William Stevenson Smith and Edward Brovarski, who argue that he may have been a son of Djedkare Isesi with queen Meresankh IV. This is suggested by the presence of her tomb is in the vicinity of that of Kaemtjenent. Others, such as Alessandro Roccati, simply state that he had a royal father.
This filiation has been assessed differently by other Egyptologists however, as it is now known that the title of King's son was, in some instances, purely honorific. Nigel Strudwick has proposed that this is the case for Kaemtjenent. In particular, the damaged biographical inscriptions of his tomb still record some of his marine expeditions to foreign lands and his participation in great building projects. It seems from there that he received the title king's son as a promotion. This conclusion is shared by other Egyptologists, including Michel Baud.
Kaemtjenent may have been the father of Isesi-ankh, another high official serving Djedkare Isesi and his successor, Unas. His wife was a woman called Khenut.
# Bob McDonogh

Robert Webster McDonogh (March 5, 1900 – December 10, 1945) was an American racing driver.

## Life and career

McDonogh made 38 starts in AAA Championship racing from 1924 through 1932. Most of McDonogh's career was during the board track era. Outside of Indianapolis, he only made two starts on tracks that weren't board tracks, both at Syracuse. McDonogh won three races on board tracks during the 1925 AAA Championship season, at (Culver City – a non-Championship event; Altoona and Laurel, Maryland). He finished the 1925 season ranked 4th in points. McDonogh did stunt work for movies and later worked as an airplane mechanic.

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1924 | 19 | 18 | 91.550 | 19 | 10 | 200 | 0 | Running |
| 1925 | 14 | 20 | 101.931 | 18 | 14 | 188 | 0 | Truss rod |
| 1927 | 14 | 7 | 113.175 | 8 | 6 | 200 | 0 | Running |
| 1929 | 5 | 19 | 111.614 | 18 | 18 | 74 | 0 | Oil tank |
| 1932 | 58 | 24 | 113.276 | 10 | 38 | 17 | 0 | Oil line |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 679 | 0 | |
| Starts | 5 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Front Row | 0 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 0 |
| Top 10 | 2 |
| Retired | 3 |
# Noah Sahsah

Noah Donovan Sahsah (born 8 July 2005) is a Danish professional footballer who plays for Rosenborg.

## Club career

Having been part of Copenhagen youth system since he was six years old, Noah Sahsah made his professional debut for the FCK first team on 17 March 2022. He replaced Roony Bardghji at the 75th minute of the return Conference League round of 16 game against PSV Eindhoven, a home loss that would see the club eliminated from the competition.
On 6 August 2024, Sahsah joined Norwegian Eliteserien team Rosenborg on a loan.

## International career

Born in Denmark, Sahsah is of Moroccan descent. He is a youth international with Denmark, taking part in the Euro U17 with his selection in 2022.
# Scream (2NE1 song)

"Scream" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group 2NE1. It was released through YGEX alongside the group's Japanese compilation album Collection on March 28, 2012, and marked the first and only original Japanese song by the group. "Scream" serves as the second single promoted off the record after "Go Away", which was released in November 2011. A remix of the song by M-Flo was released digitally on Recochoku on March 14, 2012, before the single itself was released on March 28. A recording of "Scream" in Korean was included on the tracklist of 2NE1's second studio album Crush, which was released in February 2014.

## Editions

The single was released in three different versions, two limited CD+DVD editions and a regular CD only. First press edition come with a sleeve cover and the regular edition also includes a 22-page booklet consisting of pictures of the group and lyrics to "Scream" and "Fire". Type A's DVD contains the music video of the title track "Scream", the making of the music video and exclusive footage of 2NE1 in the Philippines. Type B comes with various footage from Season 3 of "2NE1TV" and is approximately 30 minutes long.

## Commercial performance

The song is, to date, 2NE1's least successful Japanese single. Despite the song peaking at number 7 and selling 3,278 copies in the first day while their previous Japanese single, "Go Away", peaked at number 9, the song dropped off the Oricon Daily chart after 4 consecutive days of charting whereas "Go Away" charted for 7 days. The song debuted at number 18 on the Japan Hot 100. In 2014, the Korean version of the track peaked at number 17 on the Gaon Digital Chart for two consecutive weeks.

## Accolades

Awards for "Scream" :
| Year | Organization | Category | Result | Ref. |
| 2012 | So-Loved Awards | Best Japanese Release | Won | |
| 2014 | Home Shopping Awards | Top 10 Songs | 9th place | |

## Credits and personnel

* 2NE1 – vocals, background vocals
** CL – lyricist (Korean ver.)
* Verbal – lyricist (Japanese ver.)
* Teddy Park – lyricist, composer, arranger
* Future Bounce
** Dee.P – composer, arranger

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label |
| Japan | March 28, 2012 | CD singledigital download (Full single) | YGEX |
# Maland

Maland (Arabic: الملند) is a Syrian village located in Al-Janudiyah Nahiyah, Jisr al-Shughur District, Idlib. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maland had a population of 2551 in the 2004 census.
# Ed Humphreys

Ed Humphreys (born June 5, 1953) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender.
Humphreys was born in Eston, Saskatchewan, Canada. He played 30 games in the World Hockey Association with the Calgary Cowboys and Quebec Nordiques during the 1975–76 and 1976–77 seasons.
# Bill Holden (ice hockey)

William Holden (born July 23, 1949) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played in the World Hockey Association (WHA). Holden played two games for the Toronto Toros and Winnipeg Jets during the 1973–74 WHA season.
# Pierre Lagacé

Pierre Lagacé (born October 27, 1957) is a former professional ice hockey centre. He was drafted by the Quebec Nordiques in the eighth round, 73rd overall, of the 1977 WHA Amateur Draft. He was also drafted by the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League yet never played in that league.
He played 38 regular-season games in the World Hockey Association with the Nordiques in the 1977–78 and 1978–79 seasons.
Lagace currently resides in Erie, Pennsylvania and owns Pano's restaurants.
# Lesia Liss

Lesia Liss (born August 11, 1966, née Batschynsky) is an American politician from the state of Michigan. In 2008, she was elected as a Democrat to the Michigan State House of Representatives. Prior to serving in the legislature, Liss was an emergency department nurse for 22 years. She was married to former Warren City Councilman Mark Liss.

## Biography

Lesia Batschynsky was born on August 11, 1966, to Marta and George Batschynsky, a Ukrainian immigrant, in Hamtramck, Michigan. In 1971, Lesia, her parents, and her brother Roman Batschynsky moved to Warren, Michigan, where Lesia has lived ever since. She attended South Elementary and Butcher Junior High, both in Warren. In 1984, Batschynsky graduated from Charles S. Mott High School. She went on to receive her associate degree in Nursing from Henry Ford Community College in Detroit, Michigan in 1995. In 2007 she earned a bachelor's degree in Hispanic Studies from The University of Michigan-Dearborn. Liss worked as a Registered Emergency Room Nurse in the Henry Ford Health System.
Lesia met the man who became her now former husband, Mark Liss, in 1992, and married in August 1993. In 2007 Mark was elected to his first term to the Warren City Council. Both Lesia and Mark are of Ukrainian descent and are active in the Ukrainian Community. Liss is fluent in Ukrainian, Spanish, and English. She is Ukrainian Orthodox and attends St. Mary the Protectress Church in Southfield, Michigan.

## Political career

Lesia Liss was involved in supporting her then husband Mark's successful campaign for Warren City Council in 2007. The same year, she announced her intention to seek the 28th State House District, located in South-Western Macomb County and including about two-thirds of the city of Warren and all of the city of Center Line. It was being vacated by Democratic incumbent Lisa Wojno, who was barred from running for re-election because of term-limits.
Liss faced seven other Democrats in the primary. She won by a fairly large margin on election day, carrying about 31.3% of the vote. Her nearest opponent received only about 22.2%. In the general election she faced Republican Jason Balaska. The 28th District is one of the most Democratic districts in Macomb County. Democrats usually dominate in this district. Liss defeated Balaska on election day by a margin of 70.5%-29.5%.
She took office on January 1, 2009. She sat on the Family and Children Services, Health Policy, Labor, Military and Veteran Affairs and Homeland Security, and Government Operations (vice chair) Committees.

## Electoral history

* 2008 campaign for State House
** Lesia Liss (D), 70%
** Jason Balaska (R), 30%
* 2008 campaign for State House, Democratic Primary
** Lesia Liss (D), 31%
** Gloria Sankuer (D), 22%
** John Vostoris (D), 17%
** Terry Wisniewski (D), 10%
** Marlon Brown (D), 8%
** Roy Gillette (D), 5%
** Paul Clark (D), 4%
** Alan Shepperd (D), 3%
# Mike Hoffman (ice hockey, born 1963)

Michael Hoffman (born February 26, 1963) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He has 3 Children; Jessica Hoffman, Nicolas Hoffman, Robert Hoffman.

## Early life

He was born in Barrie, Ontario. As a youth, he played in the 1976 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Barrie.

## Career

Hoffman played nine games in the National Hockey League with the Hartford Whalers between 1983 and 1986. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1983 to 1990, was mainly spent in the minor American Hockey League.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1979–80 | Barrie Colts | COJHL | 60 | 45 | 30 | 75 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1980–81 | Brantford Alexanders | OHL | 68 | 15 | 19 | 34 | 71 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| 1981–82 | Brantford Alexanders | OHL | 66 | 34 | 47 | 81 | 169 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 9 |
| 1982–83 | Brantford Alexanders | OHL | 63 | 26 | 49 | 75 | 128 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 18 |
| 1982–83 | Hartford Whalers | NHL | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1982–83 | Binghamton Whalers | AHL | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1983–84 | Binghamton Whalers | AHL | 64 | 11 | 13 | 24 | 92 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1984–85 | Hartford Whalers | NHL | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1984–85 | Binghamton Whalers | AHL | 76 | 19 | 26 | 45 | 95 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 23 |
| 1985–86 | Hartford Whalers | NHL | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1985–86 | Binghamton Whalers | AHL | 40 | 14 | 14 | 28 | 79 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1986–87 | Binghamton Whalers | AHL | 74 | 9 | 32 | 41 | 120 | 13 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 23 |
| 1987–88 | Flint Spirits | IHL | 64 | 35 | 28 | 63 | 49 | 14 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 36 |
| 1988–89 | Flint Spirits | IHL | 76 | 33 | 39 | 72 | 46 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1989–90 | EV Landsberg | GER-2 | 13 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — |
| AHL totals | AHL totals | AHL totals | 255 | 53 | 85 | 138 | 386 | 26 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 48 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 9 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
# Andy Rymsha

Andrew Anthony Rymsha (born December 10, 1968) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played six games with the Quebec Nordiques of the National Hockey League during the 1991–92 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1990 to 2005, was spent in various minor leagues and Europe.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1985–86 | St. Catharines Falcons | GHL | 39 | 6 | 13 | 19 | 170 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1986–87 | Western Michigan University | CCHA | 41 | 7 | 12 | 19 | 170 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1987–88 | Western Michigan University | CCHA | 42 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 114 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1988–89 | Western Michigan University | CCHA | 35 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 139 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1989–90 | Western Michigan University | CCHA | 37 | 1 | 10 | 11 | 108 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1990–91 | Halifax Citadels | AHL | 12 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1990–91 | Peoria Rivermen | IHL | 45 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 64 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1991–92 | Quebec Nordiques | NHL | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1991–92 | Halifax Citadels | AHL | 44 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 54 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1991–92 | New Haven Nighthawks | AHL | 16 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 20 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1992–93 | Halifax Citadels | AHL | 43 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 62 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1992–93 | Canadian National Team | Intl | 6 | 8 | 2 | 10 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993–94 | Detroit Falcons | CoHL | 48 | 24 | 38 | 62 | 48 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993–94 | Bracknell Bees | BHL | 14 | 16 | 13 | 29 | 40 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1994–95 | CE Wien | AUT | 32 | 24 | 21 | 45 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1994–95 | HC Asiago | ITA | 8 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1995–96 | San Francisco Spiders | IHL | 76 | 33 | 37 | 70 | 84 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 1996–97 | Kaufbeurer Adler | DEL | 26 | 8 | 12 | 20 | 68 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1996–97 | HC Ajoie | NLB | 13 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 58 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997–98 | Starbulls Rosenheim | DEL | 43 | 16 | 17 | 33 | 116 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997–98 | Sterzing/Vipiteno | ITA | 12 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 40 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1998–99 | SERC Wild Wings | DEL | 50 | 23 | 16 | 39 | 245 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1999–00 | Krefeld Pinguine | DEL | 49 | 11 | 9 | 20 | 192 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 50 |
| 2004–05 | Flint Generals | UHL | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — |
| DEL totals | DEL totals | DEL totals | 168 | 58 | 54 | 112 | 621 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 50 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | — | — | — | — | — |
# Julius the Veteran

Saint Julius the Veteran (Latin: Iulius), also known as Julius of Durostorum, is a Christian martyr venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church and the Church of England. His feast day is 27 May.

## Life

Julius of Durostorum was born to pagan parents. The date of Julius' conversion to Christianity is unknown. Julius served as a Roman soldier for 27 years first as a conscript, then returning as a [veteran], totaling seven military campaigns in total. Given the years and locations in which Julius served, Rev. Herbert Musurillo, S.J. writes that Julius likely served in the Legio XI Claudia. Julius was Christian his entire military career.
In accordance with the fourth edict of the Diocletian Persecution, Julius was brought to trial before the prefect, Maximus, after being arrested by Maximus' staff soldiers for refusing to make a public sacrifice to the Roman gods. Upon hearing of his military service, Maximus complimented Julius for being a wise and serious man. In gratitude for his military service, Maximus proposed Julius a bargain: if Julius offered the public sacrifice, Maximus would accept blame for the sin of the sacrifice and would give Julius freedom, a ten-year bonus payment, and immunity from future charges. Julius declined the offer and was sentenced to death. Julius was killed by the sword in Durostorum, the Roman camp in Moesia Inferior (modern Silistra, Bulgaria) sometime between January and March of 304. Julius is widely considered a martyr.

## Literature

* L. Arik Greenberg: My Share of God's Reward. Exploring the Roles and Formulations of the Afterlife in Early Christian Martyrdom, Reihe: Studies in Biblical Literature - Band 121, Lang, New York, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Frankfurt am Main, Oxford, Wien 2009, ISBN 978-1-4331-0487-9, S. 195–198.
# Nubia X

The Nubia X is an Android smartphone which was launched on 31 October 2018. Given the tendency in the late 2010s toward bezelless displays, instead of trimming the display with a notch or hole for housing a front camera, it opts to use two screens (on both sides of the phone). Selfies and videocalls are made with the main camera and the rear display as viewfinder.
# Donald Bryk

Donald P. Bryk, QC, was appointed a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba in Dauphin on February 17, 1999. He replaced Mr. Justice Kenneth J. Galanchuck, who resigned.
Mr. Justice Bryk graduated in law from the University of Manitoba in 1969 and was called to the Bar of Manitoba in 1970. Mr. Justice Bryk then joined the firm known today as Myers Weinberg, with which he had been a partner since 1977. During his time in practice, he undertook primarily civil litigation, real estate and wills and estate law matters.
# Xiaomi Mi MIX Fold

Xiaomi Mi MIX Fold is an Android-based foldable smartphone manufactured by Xiaomi. Unveiled on March 30, 2021, and released on April 16, 2021, this is Xiaomi's first attempt at a Foldable smartphone.

## Specifications

The Mi MIX Fold has two displays, one outer 6.52-inch AMOLED display for when the device is closed and an inner 8.01-inch AMOLED display when unfolded. Xiaomi rated the hinge in the phone to last at least 200,000 bends and the flexible screen for 1 million folds. The phone is powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon 888 and can have either 12 or 16 GB of RAM. It also has a 5020 mAh battery.
# Capela dos Ossos

The Capela dos Ossos (English: Chapel of Bones) is one of the best-known monuments in Évora, Portugal. It is a small interior chapel located next to the entrance of the Church of St. Francis. The Chapel gets its name because the interior walls are covered and decorated with human skulls and bones.

## Origin

The Capela dos Ossos was built by Franciscan friars. It is a church of bones. An estimated 5,000 corpses were exhumed to decorate the walls of the chapel. The bones, which came from ordinary people who were buried in Évora's medieval cemeteries, were arranged by the Franciscans in a variety of patterns.

## Description

The chapel is formed by three spans 18.7 m (61.4 ft) long and 11 m (36 ft) wide. Light enters through three small openings on the left. Its walls and eight pillars are decorated in carefully arranged bones and skulls held together by cement. The ceiling is made of white painted brick and is painted with death motifs. The number of skeletons of friars was calculated to be about 5,000, coming from the cemeteries that were situated inside several dozen churches. Some of these skulls have been scribbled with graffiti. Two desiccated corpses, one of which is a child, are in glass display cases. And at the roof of chapel, the phrase "Melior est dies mortis die nativitatis (Better is the day of death than the day of birth)" (Ecclesiastes, 7, 1) from Vulgate is written.

## Poem

Inside the Capela dos Ossos a poem about the need to reflect on one's existence hangs in an old wooden frame on one of the pillars. It is attributed to Fr. António da Ascenção Teles, parish priest of the village of São Pedro (wherein the Church of Saint Francis with its Capela dos Ossos was erected) from 1845 to 1848.

## Images

* Entrance: "We bones that are here await yours."
* Capela dos Ossos
* Ossuary
# Jacek Brzozowski

Jacek Brzozowski is a Polish academician, public official and politician who is serving since December 2023 as the Voivode of Podlaskie Voivodeship.

## Biography

In 2002, he graduated in history from the University of Białystok. He then became an employee of the Institute of History at this university. In 2012, at his alma mater, he obtained a PhD in humanities based on the thesis entitled Between Bydgoszcz and Lviv. Sigismund I and the crown nobility in the years 1520–1540. In 2016, he completed postgraduate studies in international relations at the Polish Institute of International Affairs and in cultural diplomacy at Collegium Civitas in Warsaw. He became a member of one of the commissions of the Polish Historical Society and the Institute for Research on the Cultural Heritage of Europe. The Mayor of Białystok, Tadeusz Truskolaski, entrusted him with the function of director of the Mayor's Department. On December 20, 2023, Prime Minister Donald Tusk appointed him as Voivode of Podlaskie Voivodeship.
# Fouad Bseiso

Fouad Hamdi Shaban Bseiso is a Palestinian economist who served as the first Governor of the Palestine Monetary Authority (PMA) from December 1994 to November 2001.