OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leclair

Le Claire, LeClair, LeClaire or Leclair is a French or Francophone surname which can refer to:
* Antoine Le Claire (1797–1861), U.S. Army interpreter, founded Davenport, Iowa
* Corinne Leclair (born 1970), Mauritian swimmer
* Day Leclaire, American author
* Denise LeClair Cobb, American former CNN Headline News anchor
* Didier Leclair (born 1967), Canadian francophone fiction writer
* Frank J. LeClair (1888-1974), American commercial fisherman and politician
* Jean-Marie Leclair, also known as Jean-Marie Leclair the Elder, (1697–1764), French Baroque violinist and composer
* Jean-Marie Leclair the younger (1703–1777), French composer, the younger brother of the better-known Jean-Marie Leclair the Elder
* Harold LeClair Ickes (1874–1952), U.S. administrator and political figure and former Secretary of the Interior (1933 to 1946)
* Jack LeClair (1929–2011), Canadian former ice hockey player
* Jim LeClair (1950–2019), American football player
* John LeClair (born 1969), American former professional ice hockey player
* Judith LeClair (born 1958), American bassoonist
* Keith LeClair, American college baseball coach
* Maurice LeClair (1927–2020) Canadian physician, businessman, civil servant, and academic
* Pierre-Julien Leclair (1860– after 1896), Canadian politician
* Edme-Jean Leclaire (1801–1872), French economist and businessman
* Pascal Leclaire (born 1982), Canadian ice hockey player

## Places

* LeClaire Park, Davenport, Iowa, US
* Le Claire, Iowa, US

## Buildings

* LeClaire Apartments, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Florida
* LeClaire Hotel, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
# Irena Stefoska

Irena Stefoska (born 16 September 1967 in Skopje) is a Macedonian historian and politician. She has been a Member of Parliament of North Macedonia (2016-2020) and Minister of Culture (until 2022, when her successor was Bisera Kostadinovska-Stojcevska [bg]).
Stefoska has a degree (1991) from the Institute of Classical Studies of Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, master's degrees from Central European University in Belgrade (1994) and the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade (2001), and a PhD (2007) from Skopje's Institute of History at the Faculty of Philosophy.
She has held a Fulbright Scholarship and a Robert Bosch Stiftung Fellowship in Historical Dialogue and Accountability at Columbia University, United States, and been a research professor at Brown University, United States. Before becoming Minister of Culture she was a full time professor of the Institute of National History at Skobje.

## Selected publications

* Stefoska, Irena; Stojanov, Darko (May 2017). "A tale in stone and bronze: old/new strategies for political mobilization in the Republic of Macedonia". Nationalities Papers. 45 (3): 356–369. doi:10.1080/00905992.2017.1308346.
* Stefoska, Irena; Stojanov, Darko (1 January 2016). "Remembering and forgetting the SFR Yugoslavia. Historiography and history textbooks in the Republic of Macedonia". Südosteuropa. 64 (2): 206–225. doi:10.1515/soeu-2016-0016. S2CID 163761823.
# HMS Europa

Six ships and a shore establishment of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Europa, after the Greek mythological character Europa.
* HMS Europa (1673) was a hulk, a former Dutch ship captured in 1673. She was burnt by accident in 1675.
* HMS Europa (1765) was a 64-gun third rate launched in 1765. She was renamed HMS Europe in 1778 and was broken up in 1814.
* HMS Europa (1782) was a gunboat commissioned in 1782. She was one of 12 that the garrison at Gibraltar launched during the Great Siege of Gibraltar. Each was armed with an 18-pounder gun, and received a crew of 21 men drawn from Royal Navy vessels stationed at Gibraltar. Porcupine provided Europa's crew.
* HMS Europa (1783) was a 50-gun fourth rate launched in 1783. She became a troopship in 1798 and was sold in 1814.
* HMS Europa (1854) was a transport hired in 1854.
* HMS Europa (1897) was a Diadem-class cruiser launched in 1897 and sold in 1920.
* HMS Europa (shore establishment) was the name of the Central Depot for the Royal Naval Patrol Service in Lowestoft from early in the Second World War until she was decommissioned in 1946. It was originally the garden of a private house and was called Sparrows Nest. When first opened in September 1939 it was called Pembroke X.

## Citations

* ↑ Drinkwater (1905), p.246.
# Battle of Petelia

The Battle of Petelia was an ambush during the Second Punic War that took place in the summer of 208 BC near Petelia. The Carthaginian general Hannibal surprised and destroyed a large Roman detachment.

## Prelude

In the summer of 208 BC, the Roman consuls Marcus Claudius Marcellus and Titus Quinctius Crispinus ordered a part of the Roman garrison of Tarentum to move up and assist in an offensive against the Carthaginian-allied town of Locri. Hannibal received word from the people of Thurii of the Roman move and laid an ambush along the road from Tarentum with 3,000 infantry and 2,000 cavalry.

## Battle

The Carthaginian force was hidden at the foot of the hill of Petelia. The Romans failed to conduct a reconnaissance and the Carthaginians achieved complete surprise. They killed 2,000 Romans and captured 1,500. The rest of the Roman force fled cross-country back to Tarentum.
# Benjamín Elizalde

Benjamin Elizalde (born 14 June 2004) is an Argentine rugby union player who plays for Bristol Bears at fullback or wing.

## Early life

From Salta before moving to Buenos Aires he trained as a youngster with Tigres Rugby Club and Asociación Deportiva Francesa.

## Club career

He played for Pampas XV in the Super Rugby Americas, and started at full-back for Los Pampas in the Super Rugby Americas Final in 2024.
He joined Premiership Rugby side Bristol Bears in July 2024.

## International career

He has played rugby sevens for Argentina national rugby sevens team and was part of the winning Pumas team at the 2022 South American Games.
He played for Argentina U20 at the 2024 U20 Rugby World Cup and at the 2024 U20 Rugby Championship.
# Lisa Elliott

Lisa Elliott is a female former gymnast who competed for England.

## Gymnastics career

Elliott represented England and won a bronze medal in the team event, at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland, New Zealand.
# Lukáš Bodeček

Lukáš Bodeček (born 25 April 1988) is a retired Czech footballer. Besides the Czech Republic, he has also played in Slovakia.

## Career
### Later career

In the summer 2017, Bodeček moved to TJ Sokol Čížová. He then moved to FK Kosoř.
In addition, Bodeček also worked as a fitness coach for various of the youth teams at SK Slavia Prague since the summer 2017. As of 2020, he was still in this position at Slavia.
# 2024 European Shotgun Championships

The 2024 European Shotgun Championships is the 54rd edition of the global shotgun competition, European Shotgun Championships, organised by the European Shooting Confederation.
The championships also served as a qualification event for 2024 Summer Olympics.

## Senior
### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze' |
| Skeet | Sven Korte Germany | Anatolii Semenenko | Andriy Kobzaruk Ukraine |
| Skeet Team | Great Britain Karl Killander Mitchell Brooker-Smith Ben Llewellin | Italy Luigi Lodde Tammaro Cassandro Gabriele Rossetti | Czech Republic Daniel Korčák Radek Prokop Tomáš Nýdrle |
| Trap | Alberto Fernández Spain | Yavuz İlnam Turkey | Boštjan Maček Slovenia |
| Trap Team | Turkey Yavuz İlnam Oğuzhan Tüzün Nedim Tolga Tunçer | Great Britain Nathan Hales Matthew Coward-Holley Aaron Heading | Finland Jukka Laakso Juho Mäkelä Eemil Pirttisalo |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Skeet | Diana Bacosi Italy | Lucie Anastassiou France | Daria Turulo |
| Skeet Team | Slovakia Vanesa Hocková Monika Štibravá Danka Barteková | Italy Diana Bacosi Martina Bartolomei Simona Scocchetti | Cyprus Alndri Eleftheriou Panagiota Andreou Anastasia Eleftheriou |
| Trap | Fátima Gálvez Spain | Kathrin Murche Germany | Rümeysa Pelin Kaya Turkey |
| Trap Team | Finland Satu Mäkelä-Nummela Noora Antikainen Mopsi Veromaa | Italy Jessica Rossi Maria Lucia Palmitessa Silvana Stanco | Germany Kathrin Murche Sarah Bindrich Nadine Halwax |

### Mixed

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Skeet Team | France Lucie Anastassiou Éric Delaunay | Greece Efthimios Mitas Emmanouela Katzouraki | Czech Republic Jakub Tomeček Barbora Šumová |
| Trap Team | Italy Mauro De Filippis Silvana Stanco | Italy Giovanni Pellielo Maria Lucia Palmitessa | San Marino Gian Marco Berti Alessandra Perilli |

## Medal table
### Senior

* Host nation (Croatia)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Italy | 2 | 4 | 0 | 6 |
| 2 | Spain | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Germany | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | Turkey | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 5 | France | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | Great Britain | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 7 | Finland | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 8 | Slovakia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 9 | Individual Neutral Athletes | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 10 | Greece | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 11 | Czech Republic | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 12 | Cyprus | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 12 | San Marino | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 12 | Slovenia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 12 | Ukraine | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (15 entries) | Totals (15 entries) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |

## Olympic quotas

| Nation | Men's | Men's | Women's | Women's | Total |
| Nation | Trap | Skeet | Trap | Skeet | Total |
| Spain | 1 | | | | 1 |
| Germany | | | | 1 | 1 |
| France | | 1 | | | 1 |
| Turkey | | | 1 | | 1 |
| Total: 2 countries | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
# Max Hollingsworth

Max Hollingsworth (22 October 1913 – 11 August 1968) was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s.

## Background

Hollingsworth was born in Yass, New South Wales on 22 October 1913 and lived his early life in Armidale.

## Playing career

He came to St. George for three seasons between 1933 and 1935, the highlight probably being a member of the St. George team that played in the 1933 Final.
He played centre in the 1933 decider that was won by Newtown 18–5. He also scored four tries in St George's biggest ever win. This happened in a match against newcomers Canterbury-Bankstown in Round 5 1935 at Earl Park, Arncliffe, the final score was 91–6. As of the 2023 NRL season, this remains the biggest recorded victory by a team and the biggest winning margin.

## Death

Hollingsworth died at his Beverly Hills, New South Wales home on 11 August 1968, aged 54.
# Howard Sherwin

Howard Sherwin (22 July 1911 – 20 May 1997) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Derbyshire County Cricket Club in 1937.
Sherwin was born in Chesterfield. In the 1937 season he played one match for Derbyshire Second XI and one first-class match against Gloucestershire. He was not out in both innings, and bowled 11 overs without taking a wicket.
Sherwin was a left-handed batsman and played two innings in one first-class match scoring 12 runs in total without losing his wicket. He bowled 11 overs for no wickets at the cost of 32 runs.
Sherwin died at March, Cambridgeshire at the age of 85.
# 8 Ursae Minoris

8 Ursae Minoris is a 7th-magnitude red clump star in Ursa Minor. The star is unusually rich in lithium, with an abundance of A = 2.0±0.2 dex.
In the 2019 NameExoWorlds competition, the star was assigned to contestants in South Korea. It was named Baekdu after Paektu Mountain, the tallest mountain in North Korea.

## Planetary system

One exoplanet was discovered in 2015 by the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory. It has a tight 93-day orbit at a distance of about 0.5 AU, which is unusually close for a giant host star — it should have been consumed during a previous expansion to 0.7 AU. It is officially named Halla after Hallasan, the tallest mountain in South Korea. There is also a stellar activity cycle of 65 days, and possibly a second companion orbiting at a distance of at least 5 AU.
The 8 Ursae Minoris planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| b / Halla | ≥ 1.65±0.06 M$_J$ | 0.462±0.006 | 93.31±0.06 | 0.062±0.18 | — | — |
A 2023 study suggests that 8 Ursae Minoris was initially a binary star with star masses of 1.23 and 0.86 M$_☉$. When the heavier star reached the end of the main sequence about 4.2–5.6 Gyr, it expanded until it dumped all of its mass onto the secondary and became a helium white dwarf. The other star eventually engulfed this white dwarf at around 8.6 Gyr, causing helium burning to start prematurely and forming the star that we know today. The planet may have survived the episode as a former circumbinary planet, or it may have formed from material ejected during the stellar merger. 8 Ursae Minoris is now in the red clump stage, and the planet will eventually be engulfed once it reaches the asymptotic giant branch.
Research published in May 2024 used three different methods to determine the age of 8 Ursae Minoris and came up with an estimate of 1.9–3.5 Gyr. This is much younger than the approximately 9 Gyr age required for the theory that the presence of the planet so close to 8 Ursae Minoris can be explained by a stellar merger. The researchers also estimated a new mass for the star of 1.7 solar masses, making it more compact. This would allow for the planet to orbit slightly further from the star, making its existence less of a mystery.
# Lambda Horologii

λ Horologii, Latinised as Lambda Horologii, is a star in the southern constellation of Horologium. It is a yellow-white hued star that is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.35. Based upon parallax, this object is located 155 light years distance from the Sun. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +28 km/s. Although Eggleton and Tokovinin (2008) list this as a single star, according to Kunzli and North (1998) it may be a binary system with a long orbital period.
The visible component has a stellar classification of F2III, matching an evolved star that has, at the age of 1.4 billion years, become a giant. However, it has just 2.74 times the Sun's radius and shows a high rate of spin with a projected rotational velocity of +140 km/s. The star has 1.76 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 13 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,848 K.
# Barry Trachtenberg

Barry Trachtenberg is an American historian and professor, currently holding the Rubin Presidential Chair of Jewish History at Wake Forest University. As a Jewish scholar specializing in Jewish history, Trachtenberg has been an outspoken critic of both American support for Israel and Israeli policies.

## Education and career

Trachtenberg is originally from Newington, Connecticut. His parents were a salesman and a receptionist, and he was educated in the local public school system. He is a 1991 graduate of Glassboro State College (now Rowan University). After earning a master's degree at the University of Vermont and a postgraduate diploma from the University of Oxford's Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies, he completed a Ph.D. in 2004 from the University of California, Los Angeles.
After lecturing at the University at Albany, SUNY in 2003, he obtained an assistant professorship there in 2004, and was promoted to associate professor in 2010. He moved to Wake Forest in 2016 as associate professor and Michael R. & Deborah K. Rubin Presidential Chair of Jewish History; in 2023 he was promoted to full professor. He directed the programs in Judaic Studies and Hebrew Studies at the University at Albany from 2010 to 2016, and the Jewish Studies Program at Wake Forest from 2017 to 2020. He serves on the Board of Scholars of Facing History and Ourselves. From 2015 to 2020 he was a member of the Academic Council of the Holocaust Educational Foundation of Northwestern University. He is a member of the Academic Advisory Boards of Jewish Voice for Peace and the Institute for the Critical Study of Zionism.

## Books

Trachtenberg has authored several academic books including The Revolutionary Roots of Modern Yiddish, 1903-1917 (2008), The United States and the Nazi Holocaust: Race, Refuge, and Remembrance (2018), and The Holocaust & the Exile of Yiddish: A History of the Algemeyne Entsiklopedye (2022), contributing to the academic discourse on Jewish history.
# Santiago Vera Feld

Santiago Vera Feld (born 29 March 2001) is an Argentine rugby sevens player. He represented Argentina at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. Initially listed as a traveling reserve, he played in the seventh place playoff against the United States.
# Liz Fairs

Elizabeth Jane Fairs (born 1977), is a female former athlete who competed for England.

## Athletics career

She became the British champion in 2003 after winning the British 400 metres hurdles title.
She represented England in the 100 metres hurdles event, at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
# Blackhill, Glasgow

Blackhill (Scottish Gaelic: Cnoc Dubh) is an area of north east Glasgow, Scotland. It is directly bordered by the M80 motorway to the west and the M8 motorway to the south. The neighbourhood falls within the North East ward under Glasgow City Council.

## History

Blackhill was developed as a council housing estate in the 1930s. Most of the new development was designated Rehousing, the lowest grade of council housing intended for those cleared from Glasgow's 19th century slums, particularly those in the Garngad (now Royston) area. The new buildings were three-storey, slate-roofed tenements built of reconstituted stone. The eastern side of Blackhill, nearer to Provanmill and Riddrie, was designated Intermediate, a grade up from Rehousing, and housing was of the cottage flat-type with front and rear gardens and a measure of landscaping in the streets ("Rehousing" areas cost £250 per house to build, while "Intermediate" areas cost £1000).
The area has been historically been an area of deprivation and violence, and became notorious for ruthless crime gangs and drug dealing - however the local st.Paul’s church started a youth forum which aimed to combat these issues and create better lives and opportunities for the young people of Blackhill. Since starting up St.Paul’s has been responsible for a 96% decrease in violence within the area since 2006.
Blackhill was built on a country golf course (see Glasgow Golf Club), near the Monkland Canal with its Blackhill Locks. Many early residents report summers of country rambles, often along the Molendinar Burn – now the only place this historic burn is still visible on the surface – to the loch at Hogganfield. There was (and is) a strong sense of neighbourliness, partly encouraged by the enclosed nature of the site, due to industry, railways and main roads cutting it off from other districts. It was, however, built close to a gasworks (Provan Gas Works) and a distillery, which did not add to the health of the area and, perhaps for this reason, it gained a reputation for being "difficult to let".
Much of the 1930s housing was demolished in the early 1990s with the rest of the area redeveloped in the early 21st century, with all of its remaining tenement stock demolished and replaced with Newfields, a housing development built by Mansell Homes featuring new build detached and semi-detached houses. A landscaped park was created around the Molendinar Burn. A 2007 community survey reported residents' concerns were similar to those in other urban areas:
   "In the last issue we reported the findings of a local survey that helped to pinpoint the top 10 priority issues for your neighbourhood – things like road safety, litter and vandalism, dog fouling, dumping and youth disorder all featured strongly."

## Notable residents

* Paul Ferris, writer and former gangster
* Ian "Blink" MacDonald, former gangster
* Arthur Thompson, Gangster
# Arthur Patton

Arthur William Patton (1916–1990) was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s and 1940s, and later became a coach and administrator. His playing, coaching & administrative career was the Balmain club in Sydney.

## Career

Originally from Figtree, New South Wales, Patton was a flying winger and prolific try scorer who played twelve seasons for the Balmain club between 1937 and 1948.
He was the first player in the club's history to score more than 100 tries (in all grades). He was also a top class sprinter during the late 1930s, and placed third in the Stawell Gift in 1937. He also competed in the race in 1938 and 1939.
Patton won three premierships with Balmain : 1944 (as captain), 1946 and 1947. He is regarded as one of the greatest ever Balmain players.

## Post playing

Patton coached Balmain in 1952 and 1953, and later became the Balmain Club Secretary in 1973.

## Death

Patton died of cancer on 20 April 1990 aged 73.

## Accolades

In 2007, Patton was named in the Balmain team of the century.
# Howard Sherman (cricketer)

Howard Richard Sherman (born 15 June 1943) is a former English cricketer. Sherman was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Seven Kings, Essex.
Sherman made his first-class debut for Essex against Cambridge University in 1967. He made twelve further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Surrey in the 1969 County Championship. In his thirteen first-class appearances, he scored 448 runs at a batting average of 24.88, with a high score of 66. This score, which was one of four half centuries he made, came against Nottinghamshire in 1967. He also made a single List A appearance against Somerset at Johnson Park in the 1969 Player's County League. He scored 2 runs in this match before being dismissed by Peter Robinson, with Somerset winning by 2 wickets.
# Gullah-Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor

The Gullah-Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor is a federal National Heritage Area in the United States along its southeastern coast, stretching from North Carolina to Florida. The intent of the designation is to help preserve and interpret the traditional cultural practices, sites, and resources associated with Gullah-Geechee people. Gullah-Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor, and the federal Gullah-Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor Commission established to oversee it, were designated by an act of Congress on October 12, 2006, through the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006.
The Gullah-Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor was the result of more than 15 years of research of a Gullah-Geechee descendant Derek Hankerson, Kristopher Smith, Diane Miller and others. They established the Gullah-Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor, spanning from Pender County, NC, to St. Johns County, FL in 2006 and helped raise Fort Mose in St. Augustine as both a national historical site and part of the corridor.
The Gullah-Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor extends along the coast of the southeastern United States through North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Florida in recognition of the Gullah-Geechee people and culture. Gullah-Geechee are direct descendants of West African slaves brought into the United States around the 1700s. They were forced to work in rice paddies, cotton fields and indigo plantations along the South Carolina-Georgia seaboard where the warm and moist climate conditions helped them to preserve many African traditions . After the abolition of slavery, Gullah-Geechee people settled in remote villages around the coastal swath, where, thanks to their relative isolation, they formed strong communal ties and a unique culture that has endured for centuries.
The corridor is administered as a National Heritage Area in partnership between the National Park Service and local governments and cultural and tourism authorities.
The corridor is specifically focused on 79 Atlantic barrier islands within the designated area and their African-American inhabitants, and adjoining areas within 30 miles (48 km) of the coastline. The corridor includes Charles Pinckney National Historic Site, from which it is administered.