OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frank Langley

Francis Ernest Langley (13 October 1882 – 22 March 1946) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the early 1900s.

## Family

The son of Henry Archdall Langley (1840–1906), Anglican Bishop of Bendigo, and Elizabeth Mary Langley (1842–1923), née Strachan, and the tenth of 12 children, Langley was born at Prahran on 13 October 1882. One of his elder brothers, Henry Thomas Langley, became Dean of Melbourne, while many of his other siblings took roles within the Anglican church and the education system.
He married Lillie Kate Mills (1876–1967), the daughter of George Peter Mills (1835–1933), and Mary "Minnie" Mills (1848–1913), née Kyte, on 25 April 1908.

## Education

Langley was educated at Caulfield Grammar School, and at Trinity College, University of Melbourne where he earned a Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery degree. After completing university he worked as a medical practitioner.

## Footballer

He was recruited directly from Caulfield Grammar School in 1900.
       "In Langley, the Melbourne footballer, Caulfield has the champion player of the schools. He has been first in every game, and in the last two seasons has kicked 33 goals in 11 premiership games." — The Australasian, 15 September 1900.
While continuing as a student at Caulfield Grammar School, he played every senior game that season, and was forward pocket in the Melbourne team that won the Grand Final that year, with "Old Boy", the football correspondent for The Argus noting that, for Melbourne, "Langley's play in the third quarter was wonderful. He is only a school-boy, but during that trying time on the lower wing he was cool and sure as a veteran".
Langley could play many roles on the field but was primarily a hard running defender who on occasions was used on the ball. He was often rested up forward and his 17 goals in 1901 was enough to top Melbourne's goal kicking. In 1903, and 1904, he represented Victoria at interstate football. In 1905 he captained Melbourne for the year, with the club finishing last.

## After football

Conducting his medical practice from Dandenong, he was not only a valuable cricketer for the Dandenong Cricket Club, but also served as its president.

## Death

Langley died at his home in Dandenong in 1946. He was survived by his wife Lillie and three children, Dorothy, Eric and Roy.
# Royal Windsor Stakes

The Royal Windsor Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to colts and geldings aged three years or older. It is run at Windsor over a distance of 1 mile and 31 yards (1,638 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May.
The race was first run in 2000.

## Winners

* 1 2 The 2016 and 2017 runnings were abandoned because of slippery ground
* ↑ The 2020 running was cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
# National Union of Students Scotland

The National Union of Students Scotland is an autonomous body within the National Union of Students (NUS). It is the national representative body of Scotland, and serves to protect and caring about Scottish students, having around 500,000 students that are pursuing higher education in Scotland. It was formed following the merger of NUS in Scotland with the Scottish Union of Students in 1971.
As of 2020, the president of NUS Scotland is the sole full-time elected officer and is elected for a two-year term. The current president is Sai Shraddha Suresh Viswanathan.

## Affiliated Students' Unions

Students' associations in Scotland which are affiliated to NUS:
Tertiary Education:
* University of the Highlands and Islands
* Scotland's Rural College

## NUS Scotland Officers

The full list of past officers of NUS Scotland are as follows:
# George Corson

George Corson (1829–1910) was a Scottish architect active in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.

## Background

Corson was born in Dumfries, where he was articled to Walter Newall before moving to Leeds in 1849 to work with his brother William Reid Corson who was working there with Edward La Trobe Bateman. His brother left Leeds in 1860, leaving Corson in charge of the practice.
In Leeds, Corson was president of the Leeds and Yorkshire Architectural Association by 1898.

## Works

Corson was responsible for many buildings in Leeds including:
* the Grand Theatre (1877–78), with his assistant James Robinson Watson – Grade II* listed
* the municipal buildings (1878–84) – Grade II* listed, now housing the Leeds Central Library.
* an extension (1891–92) to George Gilbert Scott's Grade I listed Leeds General Infirmary
* Apsley House (formerly Concourse House) (1903) – originally a drapers and haberdashery warehouse for Crowe & Co and now occupied by Sky Sports
* many large houses in Headingley including the Grade II* listed Spenfield
* St Edmund's Church, Roundhay, Leeds, designed 1873.
* Bewerley Street School, Bewerley Street, Dewsbury Road, Leeds, designed 1872.
* St Silas National School, Goodman Street, Hunslet, designed 1872.
* Additions and alterations to Ripon Grammar School, designed 1875.
* Leeds School of Medicine, Park Street, inaugurated 1865.
* the warehouse (1859) at the textile manufacturing premises of Francis Lupton in Wellington Street Leeds, the plans (June 1870) for the Lupton family's Newton Hall/Newton Park Estate in Potternewton, and the c. 1860 Victorian wing of the Lupton family's Beechwood Estate, Roundhay; known as Corson House.

## Roundhay Park and Lawnswood Cemetery

Corson won a competition for the landscaping of Roundhay Park in 1873, and in 1874 designed the layout and many of the buildings of Lawnswood cemetery, where he himself was buried in 1910. His gravestone, a Celtic cross with five bosses, is Grade II listed, one of only four listed memorials at Lawnswood.
* Spenfield House, 1875–77
* Leeds Grand Theatre
# NGC 5949

NGC 5949 is a dwarf spiral galaxy located around 44 million light-years away in the constellation Draco. NGC 5949 was discovered in 1801 by William Herschel, and it is 30,000 light-years across. NGC 5949 is not known to have an active galactic nucleus, and it is not known for much star-formation.

## Characteristics

With a mass of about a hundredth that of the Milky Way, NGC 5949 is a relatively bulky example of a dwarf galaxy. Its classification as a dwarf is due to its relatively small number of constituent stars, but the galaxy’s loosely-bound spiral arms also place it in the category of barred spirals. This structure is just visible in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image, which shows the galaxy as a bright yet ill-defined pinwheel. Despite its small proportions, NGC 5949’s proximity has meant that its light can be picked up by fairly small telescopes, as discovered by William Herschel.
Astronomers have run into several cosmological quandaries when it comes to dwarf galaxies like NGC 5949. For example, the distribution of dark matter within dwarfs is quite puzzling (the “cuspy halo” problem), and our simulations of the Universe predict that there should be many more dwarf galaxies than we see around us (the “missing satellites” problem).
# Ksenija Jastsenjski

Ksenija Jastsenjski (Serbian Cyrillic: Ксенија Јастсењски; born 2 September 1982 in Belgrade) is a Serbian figure skater. She is a seven-time national champion. She formerly represented Serbia and Montenegro and FR Yugoslavia.

## Competitive highlights

* JGP – Event of the ISU Junior Grand Prix Series
* WD – Withdrew from competition

### Single skating (for Serbia)

Competition placements at senior level :
| Season | 2002–03 | 2003–04 | 2004–05 | 2005–06 | 2006–07 | 2007–08 | 2008–09 | 2009–10 |
| World Championships | | 37th | | 36th | 43rd | 42nd | 49th | |
| European Championships | | | | 31st | 35th | 37th | | |
| Serbian Championships | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | | |
| Golden Spin of Zagreb | | | | | 18th | 25th | | WD |
| Triglav Trophy | | | | 6th | | | | |
| Winter Universiade | | | 29th | | 26th | | | |

### Single skating (for Yugoslavia)

Competition placements since the 1992–93 season :
| Season | 1992–93 | 1993–94 | 1994–95 | 1995–96 | 1996–97 | 1997–98 | 1998–99 | 1999–2000 | 2000–01 | 2001–02 |
| World Championships | | | | | | | | | 47th | 39th |
| European Championships | | | | | | | | | | 33rd |
| World Junior Championships | | | 42nd | | | | 39th | 45th | 43rd | 45th |
| Yugoslav Championships (Senior) | 5th | 2nd | 1st | 2nd | | 3rd | | 3rd | 2nd | 1st |
| Yugoslav Championships (Junior) | | | | | 1st | | 1st | | | |
| JGP Bulgaria | | | | | | 21st | | | | |
| JGP Norway | | | | | | | | | 20th | |
| JGP Poland | | | | | | | | | 25th | 23rd |
| JGP Ukraine | | | | | | | 18th | | | |
| European Youth Olympic Days | | | | 21st J | | 18th J | | | | |
| Nebelhorn Trophy | | | | | | | | | | 27th |
| Sofia Cup | | | 10th J | | | | | | | |
# Market Wagon

Market Wagon is a US-based online ordering and delivery service for ordering produce, meat, dairy, and prepared foods from local farmers and artisan food producers. It was founded in Indianapolis in 2016 and as of 2023 had 25 delivery hubs throughout the midwest and Tennessee. In 2022 and 2023 it was named to Inc.'s list of fastest growing businesses in the US.

## History

The company was founded in 2016 as FarmersMarket.com to deliver products from local food producers in Indianapolis to local residences and businesses. In 2017 it acquired an Evansville, Indiana business with a similar business model and rebranded as Market Wagon.
As of March 2017 they had 100 customers, all in the Central Indiana counties surrounding Indianapolis. By April 2018 they had expanded to cover Northwest Indiana and Southwest Indiana. By October 2018 the company had opened a fifth hub, the first outside Indiana, in Southwest Ohio serving Cincinnati and Dayton and the surrounding counties. At that time 23 farmers and artisan producers in Southwest Ohio had signed on. By March 2020 it was operating in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota and Ohio. During the coronavirus pandemic the app helped farmers navigate disrupted demand for their products. By early 2021 it was operating in fourteen states including Tennessee and Georgia. By 2023, it was operating 25 hubs throughout the Midwest.
In 2022 and 2023 Market Wagon was named to Inc.'s list of the fastest-growing businesses in the US.

## Business model

The business model revolves around an online ordering platform which allows customers to shop, order, and pay ahead of time for later delivery and charges a fee for each delivery. Deliveries are grouped into batches and delivered in insulated totes with cold packs on specified days each week to a given area. Totes and cold packs are exchanged at the next delivery. Alternatively customers can pick up from central delivery hubs and pay no delivery fee. Market Wagon collects a portion of the purchase price from orders. According to baker Debra Liston, "Since [customers] order, I know exactly what to make and I sell it, where like at a farmers market, I might show up with 20 loaves of bread and sell seven and then I’ve got 13 loaves of bread to deal with. That’s what makes [Market Wagon] super-attractive.”

## Coronavirus pandemic

Small farmers in Ohio credited their survival of the coronavirus pandemic shutdowns of 2020 to their use of the service. During the pandemic restaurants also listed prepared foods for distribution.
# Dennis Curatolo

Dennis Curatolo (born 3 April 2004) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a centre-forward for Serie C Group A club Pro Patria.

## Club career

Born in Como, Lombardy, Dennis Curatolo played all his youth football at Inter Milan.
During his time in Inter's Academy, he proved to be a prolific goalscorer for the youth teams, with a total of 47 goals from the under-13s to the under-18s by March 2022, most notably during the Torneo di Viareggio.
Early 2022, as his good form in the Under-18 league [it] had already warranted him a step-up to the Primavera, he was first called by Simone Inzaghi to the first team, as he appeared on the bench during a 2–1 Serie A victory to Lazio in January, and in the following Milan derby, however not making his debut on either occasions.
The following season, as he had scored his first European goal in the Youth League, he was again called to the first team by Inzaghi, as both strikers Lukaku and Correa were injured. Curatolo appeared on the bench again, without coming of it, for the Serie A game against Sassuolo and the Champions League 3–3 draw to Barcelona, that virtually kicked the Spanish giants out of the competition.
# Married Women's Property Act

Married Women's Property Act may refer to one of the following laws:
United Kingdom:
* Married Women's Property Act 1870 (33 & 34 Vict. c. 93)
* Married Women's Property Act 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. 75)
* Married Women's Property Act 1884 (47 & 48 Vict. c. 14)
* Married Women's Property Act 1893 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 63)
United States:
# Hašek

Hašek (feminine: Hašková) is a Czech-language surname that may refer to:
* Dominik Hašek, Czech ice hockey goaltender
** The asteroid 8217 Dominikhašek, named in honour of Dominik Hašek's Olympic gold
* Eliška Hašková-Coolidge, Special Assistant to the U.S. Presidents
* Eduard Hašek, Czech athlete
* Filip Hašek, Czech footballer
* Jaroslav Hašek (1883–1923), Czech writer known for the novel The Good Soldier Švejk
** Asteroid 2734 Hašek named after Jaroslav Hašek
* Ivan Hašek, Czech footballer and coach
* Martin Hašek (footballer, born 1969), Czech footballer and coach
* Martin Hašek (footballer, born 1995), Czech footballer
* Michal Hašek, Czech politician
# Tsujigahana

Tsujigahana (辻ヶ花) is a Japanese fabric dyeing technique that originated in the Muromachi period.

## History

The name tsujigahana translates to "flowers at the crossroads". Documents from the Muromachi and Momoyama periods use the term to describe garments, but are unclear about whether the term refers to color, motifs, or dyeing methods. During the 20th century, scholars redefined tsujigahana to refer to a specific textile technique that uses stitch-resist dyeing (nuishime shibori) and ink painting to decorate a plain weave, lightweight fabric, often silk. The fabric is often further embellished using embroidery and gold leaf.
Historically, tsujigahana garments were worn by the Japanese upper class during the 16th century. After the death of a man, these garments would have been preserved as family heirlooms. However, for tsujigahana garments owned by women, these garments were often donated to Buddhist temples to pay for the memorial service. Temples deconstructed these garments into individual textile fragments and reconfigured them into temple decorations. During the 19th century, Buddhist temples lost the financial protection of the state, and many temples sold these decorations. They began to circulate on the antiques market, and were often deconstructed into the original fabric panels or fragments.
Tsujigahana is a variety of kimono created by the technique of shibori. The extravagant patterns were rather more picturesque and it was more eye-catching than other ordinary kinds of kimono. Tsujigahana technique is in a shroud of mystery as it is not clearly known who invented it or why it was called Tsujigahana. The technique lasted for two eras from Muromachi period to Edo period for about 300 to 400 years. It quickly became forgotten after the rise of Japanese handicrafts technique. But Tsujigahana nevertheless contributed a lot for the decorative art phase in Azuchi-Momoyama period.

## 20th century revival

The art style was revived by Itchiku Kubota (1917–2003). Although the exact methods for recreating tsujigahana were lost, in 1962, he was able to recreate the style using his own methods, called Itchiku Tsujigahana. His life's work was a series of eighty kimono, known as the Symphony of Light. The series of kimono comprise a panoramic depiction of the four seasons, the oceans, and the universe. Kubota died before completing the collection, and his son, Satoshi Kubota, is continuing the work. Itchiku founded the Itchiku Kubota Art Museum.
# Gualtieri di San Lazzaro

Gualtieri di San Lazzaro (1904–1974) was an Italian writer and art publisher. For the majority of his life, he resided in Paris where he published monographs focusing on the work of contemporary French and Italian artists. He was the founder of the periodical XXe Siècle.

## Early life

Gualtieri di San Lazzaro was born Giuseppe Papa in Catania in 1904 and was raised in Venice by his father. He assumed the pseudonym ‘Gualtieri di San Lazzaro’ when he launched his professional career in Rome in the early 1920s.

## Paris

In 1924 San Lazzaro moved to Paris. After having edited Les Chroniques du Jour, San Lazzaro established his own publishing house Ḗditions des Chroniques du Jour. In 1928 he published Les Maîtres Nouveaux, which focussed on mainly French and Italian painters and which was to be the first of two series of monographs on contemporary artists. The second series of monographs, XXe Siècle was introduced in 1929. The first volume was dedicated to Henri Matisse, authored by Florent Fels and co-published with Anton Zwemmer in London and E. Weyhe in New York. A volume on Pablo Picasso by Eugenio Ors was similarly co-published and represents the largest print run in the series at 650 copies in English and 550 in French.

## XXe Siècle

San Lazzaro launched the illustrated periodical XXe Siècle in 1938. Featuring high quality reproductions of varied visual imagery including Western paintings and Far-Eastern prints, the inclusion of original prints by contemporary artists in every issue was its defining feature. Artists who contributed to the periodical include Wassily Kandinsky, Hans Arp, Giorgio de Chirico and Joan Miró. The periodical was not published between 1939 and 1951.
After its relaunch in 1951, XXe Siècle engaged with more specific thematic, material-based issues such as mark making and concepts of space and also concentrated on the formation of an international dialogue between Italian and French artists including Marino Marini. The periodical was distributed in Italy by Carlo Cardazzo, the owner of the Naviglio Gallery in Milan, which became the site for San Lazarro's exhibitions of the work of contemporary French artists.
In 1968 Léon Amiel assumed control of XXe Siècle and in 1970 Amiel purchased the XXe Siècle Company. Until his death in 1974 San Lazzaro continued to publish books and albums of prints including the Homage to Marino Marini (New York, 1970) .
Following his death two exhibitions were dedicated to San Lazzaro: ‘Ommagio a XXe Siècle’ (Milan, December 1974) and ‘San Lazarro et ses Amis’ (Musée d’Art Moderne, Paris 1975).

## Selected works

* Parigi era morta, Milano, Garzanti, 1947
* Parigi era viva, Milano, Garzanti, 1948
* Klee, 'The World of Art Library' series. London, Thames & Hudson, 1965
# Hezekiah L. Hosmer

Hezekiah Lord Hosmer (June 7, 1765 – June 9, 1814) was a United States representative from New York. Hosmer came from a prominent family; his father Titus Hosmer signed the Articles of Confederation for Connecticut, and Hosmer's brother Stephen became the Chief Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court. Hezekiah studied law and was admitted to practice in the mayor's court of Hudson, New York. He was recorder of Hudson in 1793 and 1794, and was elected as a Federalist to the Fifth Congress, serving from March 4, 1797 to March 3, 1799. He was one of the impeachment managers appointed by the House of Representatives in 1798 to conduct the impeachment proceedings against Tennessee U.S. Senator William Blount.
Hosmer again served as recorder of Hudson in 1810, 1811, 1813, and 1814, and died in Hudson in 1814.
Hosmer married Susan Throop on November 30, 1805; they had 5 children including several who died in infancy. His posthumous son Hezekiah Lord Hosmer (1814–1893) was an author and the first Chief Justice of the Montana Territorial Court.
# Dyffryn, Vale of Glamorgan

Dyffryn, often Duffryn, is a village in the communities of Wenvoe and St Nicholas and Bonvilston, in the Vale of Glamorgan in south Wales. It is located 4.8 miles (7.7 km) north of the town centre of Barry, roughly 1 mile (1.6 km) west of St Lythans and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of St. Nicholas. It lies off the A4226 road (Five Mile Lane), along St Lythans Road, directly east of Walterston. Dyffryn is best known for its Dyffryn Gardens and its megalithic monuments nearby including the Tinkinswood and St Lythans Burial Chamber and also the caves of nearby Goldsland. The River Waycock flows through the village.
The Dyffryn Estate dates back to 640 A.D. when the Manor of Worlton (also known as Worleton), which included St Lythans and St Nicholas, was granted to Bishop Oudoceus of Llandaff. Dyffryn House and its Edwardian garden are Grade I listed buildings and are leased to the National Trust. The 22 hectare (55 acre) landscaped gardens were designed by Thomas Mawson between 1894 and 1909, and are the largest and "most exotic" in Glamorgan.
The village itself is a wealthy community with a number of quaint houses and farms. It also contains the Dyffryn Nurseries, Wayside Cattery, and an Aqua farm, Dyffryn Springs in Lower Dyffryn, which is a noted commercial fishing spot for trout in the county, located to the south of the main village near the hamlet of Great Hamston.
The 1811 Topographical Dictionary of Wales simply said "DYFFRYN, in the Cwmwd of Is Caeth, Cantref of Brenhinol (now called the Hundred of Dinas Powys), Co. of Glamorgan, South Wales; in the Parish of St. Nicholas. It is 6 m. W. b. S. from Caerdiff. Near Dyffryn House, which is the Property of The Honourable William Booth Grey, are several Druidical Monuments."
# Torsten Gustafson

Torsten Valdemar Gustafson (8 May 1904 – 27 May 1987) was a Swedish physicist and professor in theoretical physics at Lund University.

## Biography

Torsten Gustafson was born on 8 May 1904 in Falkenberg, Sweden. After graduating from his high school in Gothenburg he began studying at Lund University in 1922. He was awarded his bachelor's degree after three semesters in 1923, and in 1924 he was awarded his Master of Philosophy. In 1929, he became a Filosofie licentiat with his work on flow problems in airplane wings, and in 1934 he was awarded his Doctor of Philosophy with his doctoral dissertation on Magnus effect. In 1933, he became a lecturer in mechanics and mathematical physics in Lund; in 1939, he became professor in the same subject, and in 1961 he became professor of theoretical physics.
Gustafson's research focus was first mechanics, and especially flow mechanics with aerodynamics and oceanography applications. During his time as a PhD student, he worked as an assistant in the Swedish Hydrographic-Biological Commission in 1930–1934. Later he was mainly involved in nuclear physics.
Torsten Gustafson was acquainted with the Swedish prime minister Tage Erlander, and he served as Erlanders Informal Scientific Adviser during Erlander's time as Education minister and prime minister. In this capacity, Gustafson had an important role in the process which led Sweden to be early to focus on nuclear research in the form of the Atomic Committee, where Gustafson was a member.
He was also a member of the Council of CERN in Geneva in 1953–1964. Gustafsson was elected in 1940 as a member of the Physiographic Society in Lund, in 1951 as a member of the Science Society in Uppsala and in 1958 as a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
# Phaenomena Aratea

Phaenomena Aratea may refer to:
based on the above:
* the translation [de] of Cicero (1st century BC)
* the translation [de] of Avienius (4th century AD)
* a work [de] by Germanicus (1st century BC or 1st century AD)
** the Leiden Aratea manuscript
* the Carolingian De ordine ac positione stellarum in signis