OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 4th Dalai Lama

Yonten Gyatso or Yon-tan-rgya-mtsho (1589–1617), was the 4th Dalai Lama, born in Tümed on the 30th day of the 12th month of the Earth-Ox year of the Tibetan calendar. Other sources, however, say he was born in the 1st month of the Earth Ox Year.
As the son of the Khan of the Chokur tribe, Tsultrim Choeje, and great-grandson of Altan Khan of the Tümed Mongols and his second wife PhaKhen Nula, Yonten Gyatso was a Mongol, making him the only non-Tibetan to be recognized as Dalai Lama other than the 6th Dalai Lama, who was a Monpa—but Monpas can be seen either as a Tibetan subgroup or a closely related people.

## Biography

The Nechung, state oracle of Tibet, and Lamo Tsangpa, another oracle, had both predicted the next reincarnation would be born in Mongolia. About this time, the chief attendant of the Third Dalai Lama, Tsultrim Gyatso, sent a letter informing the authorities in Tibet that the reincarnation had been born and details of some of the wonders accompanying his birth.
    "He was recognized by a delegation from his Drêpung monastery and the princes of Ü, which had gone to Kweisui (Köke Qoto, Inner Mongolia) to meet him 1601."
Yonten Gyatso left for Tibet in 1599 when he was already ten years old, with his father, Tibetan monks and officials, and a thousand Mongol cavalry. They arrived in 1603 after stopping at all the major monasteries on the route.
When he reached Lhasa he was enthroned as the Fourth Dalai Lama and initiated by Sangen Rinchen, the principal holder of Tsonkapa's lineage and ex-abbot of Gaden monastery.
He began studies at Drepung Monastery, where he was a student of the Fourth Panchen Lama Lobsang Chökyi Gyaltsen, and in 1614 he received the full ordination of a monk from him.
Yonten Gyatso became the abbot of Drepung and, later, Sera monasteries.
Many Tibetans did not recognize him and there were several attempts to retake power from him, supported by the Kagyupa order. In 1605 one of the princes supporting the Kagyu invaded Lhasa and drove the Mongol cavalrymen out. When he was twenty-one warriors attacked Drepung monastery and Yonten Gyatso had to flee.
In 1616 he made a retreat in the caves above Sangyib Hot Springs, famous for the footprint Padmasambhava left there on the cliff face when he empowered the site in the 8th century CE.
He died under suspicious circumstances (some say he was poisoned – but evidence is lacking) in the 12th month of the Fire Dragon Year (January 1617) at the age of 27.
His chief attendant was Sonam Rapten (Sonam Choephel), who later discovered "the Chong-Gya boy" to be the Fifth Dalai Lama and who was the regent of the fifth Dalai Lama, the Desi.
# Édison Realpe

Édison Gabriel Realpe Solís (13 April 1996 – 22 December 2019) was an Ecuadorian footballer who played for L.D.U. Quito. He died in a car accident in Ecuador at the age of 23.

## Club career

Realpe began his career with Guayaquil City in 2014.
On 31 January 2018, Realpe was loaned out to L.D.U. Quito for the 2018 season. After the loan spell ended, he signed permanently for the club.

## Career statistics

    As of November 2, 2019
| Club | Season | League | League | Cup | Cup | International | International | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Guayaquil City | 2014 | 36 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 36 | 0 |
| Guayaquil City | 2015 | 9 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Guayaquil City | 2016 | 24 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 24 | 0 |
| Guayaquil City | 2017 | 23 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 23 | 0 |
| Guayaquil City | Total | 92 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 92 | 0 |
| L.D.U. Quito | 2018 | 15 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| L.D.U. Quito | 2019 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| L.D.U. Quito | Total | 23 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 27 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | 115 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 119 | 0 |

## Honours
### LDU Quito

* Ecuadorian Serie A: 2018
* Copa Ecuador: 2019
# Kłoniszew

Kłoniszew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zadzim, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Zadzim, 14 km (9 mi) south of Poddębice, and 32 km (20 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Don McLean (ice hockey, born 1954)

Robert Donald McLean (born January 19, 1954) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played nine games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Washington Capitals during the 1975–76 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1974 to 1977, was spent in the minor leagues.

## Career

McLean was drafted by the Philadelphia Flyers at the 1974 NHL amateur draft and the New England Whalers at the 1974 WHA Amateur Draft. He played nine games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Washington Capitals during the 1975–76 season.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1968–69 | Niagara Falls Canucks | OHA-B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1968–69 | Niagara Falls Flyers | OHA | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1969–70 | Niagara Falls Canucks | OHA-B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1969–70 | Niagara Falls Flyers | OHA | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 58 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1970–71 | Niagara Falls Flyers | OHA | 54 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1971–72 | Niagara Falls Flyers | OHA | 34 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1971–72 | Welland Sabres | SOJHL | 16 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 69 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1972–73 | Sudbury Wolves | OHA | 46 | 5 | 12 | 17 | 124 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1973–74 | Sudbury Wolves | OHA | 57 | 6 | 17 | 23 | 305 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1974–75 | Richmond Robins | AHL | 58 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 188 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 1975–76 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1975–76 | Richmond Robins | AHL | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1975–76 | Salt Lake Golden Eagles | CHL | 34 | 1 | 12 | 13 | 77 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1976–77 | Johnstown Jets | NAHL | 5 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
# List of Algerian regions by Human Development Index

This is a list of regions of Algeria by Human Development Index as of 2024.
| Rank | Region (Provinces) | HDI (2022) |
| High human development |||
| 1 | North Center (Algiers, Blida, Boumerdès, Tipaza, Bouïra, Médéa, Tizi Ouzou, Béjaïa, Chlef, Aïn Defla) | 0.767 |
| – | Algeria | 0.745 |
| 2 | North East (Annaba, Constantine, Skikda, Jijel, Mila, Souk Ahras, El Taref, Guelma) | 0.741 |
| 3 | South (Béchar, Tindouf, Adrar, Ghardaïa, Biskra, El Oued, Ouargla, Tamanrasset, Illizi) | 0.737 |
| 3 | North West (Oran, Tlemcen, Mostaganem, Aïn Témouchent, Relizane, Sidi Bel Abbès, Mascara) | 0.737 |
| 5 | Hauts Plateaux East (Sétif, Batna, Khenchela, Bordj Bou Arréridj, Oum El Bouaghi, Tébessa) | 0.737 |
| 6 | Hauts Plateaux West (Tiaret, Saïda, Tissemsilt, Naâma, El Bayadh) | 0.730 |
| 7 | Hauts Plateaux Center (Djelfa, Laghouat, M'Sila) | 0.722 |
# Samuel David Davis

Samuel David Davis (February 15, 1863 – May 11, 1933) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 62nd district of the Texas House of Representatives.
# Peter Williams (rugby, born 1958)

Peter Nicholas Williams (born 14 December 1958) is an English-born former dual-code international rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played representative level rugby union for England and Lancashire, and at club level for Orrell R.U.F.C., as a Fly-half and representative level rugby league for Great Britain and Wales, and at club level for Salford, as a centre.

## Background

Peter Williams was born in Wigan, Lancashire, England, and attended Upholland Grammar School. His father, Roy Williams, was a prop forward who played rugby union for Llanelli RFC and rugby league for Wigan, and later became a solicitor after finishing his playing career.
He worked as a physical education and history teacher, but later re-trained to become a physiotherapist when he began playing rugby league.

## Rugby union career

Williams debuted for Orrell in 1977. He went on to represent Lancashire in the County Championship, and played in the 1979–80 and 1981–82 Championship finals. He won caps for England while at Orrell in the 1987 Five Nations Championship against Scotland and in the 1987 Rugby World Cup against Australia, Japan, and Wales.
In 1996, Williams returned to Orrell as director of rugby. He resigned in April 1997. He then spent two years as an assistant coach at Wigan, where he also made appearances as a player.

## Rugby league career
### Salford

In March 1988, Williams switched codes to join rugby league club Salford.
Williams played fullback (replaced by substitute Ian Blease) in Salford's 17–22 defeat by Wigan in the 1988 Lancashire Cup Final during the 1988–89 season at Knowsley Road, St. Helens on Sunday 23 October 1988. and played left-centre and scored a try in the 18–24 defeat by Widnes in the 1990 Lancashire Cup Final during the 1990–91 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 29 September 1990.
He retired at the end of the 1993–94 season.

### International career

Williams won two caps for Great Britain (RL) while at Salford in 1989 against France (2 matches). He also played for Wales in 1992 while at Salford. He is sometimes credited as the first person to play rugby union for England and rugby league for Wales, but this was first done by Thomas Woods in the 1920s.
# P. W. H. Brown

Peter Wilfred Henry Brown CBE (born 4 June 1941) was Secretary to the British Academy, 1983–2006. In 1995, he was made Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland.

## Life

Educated at Jesus College, Cambridge, Brown was an assistant master in classics at the Birkenhead School from 1963 to 1966, and a lecturer in classics at Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone from 1966 to 1968.
He was deputy secretary of the British Academy from 1975 to 1983, acting secretary from 1976 to 1983, and secretary from 1983 to 2006. Brown serves on the Supervisory Committee of the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, and the editorial board of the Royal Society.

## Honors

He was a 1978 fellow at the National Humanities Center in North Carolina, working on "Gibbon’s Use of His Sources". He was made an honorary fellow at the British School at Rome in 2007.
Brown was awarded an Honorary DLitt from both the University of Birmingham, and the University of Sheffield, and the Knight Cross Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland.
# William Chilufya

William Chilufya (born 25 December 1983 in Lusaka) is a Zambian footballer, whose last known club was 1º de Maio, of the Angolan league in 2011.

## Career

The striker played previously with FC Civics of the Namibia Premier League, who was in the 2004–2005 season, named as the Namibia Sport Player of the Year. In 2007, Chilufya led the league in scoring with 17 goals. A feat also achieved in the 2001/02 league.

### Clubs

* 1998-2000 Katima Mulimo Wanderers
* 2000-2002 Liverpool
* 2002-2003 Blue Waters
* 2003-2008 FC Civics
* 2008–2009 Estrela Clube Primeiro de Maio
# Amewu Mensah

Amewu Mensah (born 21 March 1977) is a German high jumper of Ghanaian descent.
At the 1999 World Championships she reached the final, but failed to clear the opening height there. In June 2000 in Rehlingen she achieved a career best jump of 1.94 metres. Two months later she finished eighth at the 2000 Olympics, equalling her personal best result.
She became German champion in 2000 and won her only national indoor medal in the same year, a silver medal. She represented the clubs TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen and OSC Berlin.
In June 2001, again in Rehlingen, she tested positive for the anabolic steroid oxandrolone. She received a suspension from the sport which lasted between July 2001 and July 2003.
# Kłudzice

Kłudzice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sulejów, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Sulejów, 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 53 km (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
# Liberty Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania

Liberty Township is a township in McKean County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,604 at the time of the census.

## History

Lynn Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 83.5 square miles (216.3 km$^2$), all of it land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,726 people, 704 households, and 496 families residing in the township.
The population density was 20.7 people per square mile (8.0/km$^2$). There were 898 housing units at an average density of 10.8/sq mi (4.2/km$^2$).
The racial makeup of the township was 97.97% White, 0.12% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.52% from other races, and 1.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.58% of the population.
There were 704 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of eighteen living with them; 55.4% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.5% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was sixty-five years of age or older.
The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the township the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of eighteen, 6.1% from eighteen to twenty-four, 28.7% from twenty-five to forty-four, 25.0% from forty-five to sixty-four, and 15.3% who were sixty-five years of age or older. The median age was thirty-nine years.
For every one hundred females there were 104.5 males. For every one hundred females who were aged eighteen and over, there were 103.6 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $34,200, and the median income for a family was $40,761. Males had a median income of $33,500 compared with that of $20,817 for females.
The per capita income for the township was $16,434.
Roughly 8.3% of families and 13.5% of the population were living below the poverty line, including 15.1% of those who were under the age of eighteen and 12.1% of those who were aged sixty-five or older.
# Genan Wakil

Genan Wakil (also spelt Jinan Wakeel; in Arabic: جنان وكيل) (born 1996) is a Syrian poet and writer.

## Biography

Wakil was born in Lattakia, Syria. She studied law at Tishreen University. She has participated in several poetry occasions and her poem "I am not for them" won the 2016 Arab Writers Union Award.
In 2018, Wakil represented the fields of literature and poetry and won third place in the television program Stars Without Borders (نجوم بلا حدود).
# John Fitzjames (MP)

Sir John Fitzjames (31 December 1619 – 21 June 1670) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1654 and 1670.
He was the son of Leweston Fitzjames of Leweston, Dorset and matriculated at Magdalen College, Oxford, on 4 March 1636, aged 16. He was the brother of Thomas Fitzjames and Henry Fitzjames. He succeeded his father to the Leweston estate in 1638.
He was a Parliamentarian Colonel of horse in 1644–46, during the Civil War. He was appointed High Sheriff of Dorset for 1645–46 and was a Justice of the Peace for Dorset from 1648 to 1652 and from 1656 to his death.
In 1654 he was elected Member of Parliament for Dorset in the First Protectorate Parliament and was re-elected MP for Dorset in 1656 for the Second Protectorate Parliament. In 1659, he was elected MP for Poole in the Third Protectorate Parliament until his election was declared void on 23 March. In April 1660 Fitzjames was elected MP for Dorset in the Convention Parliament. He was knighted on 9 July 1660. In 1661 he was re-elected MP for Poole in the Cavalier Parliament and sat until his death in 1670.
Fitzjames was buried at Long Burton on 23 June 1670. He had married Margaret, the daughter of Nathaniel Stephens of Eastington, Gloucestershire, with whom he had 2 sons (who both predeceased him) and 5 daughters. The Leweston estate was divided between his daughters, but reconsolidated by Sir George Strode, one of Fitzjames' sons-in-law.
# Christopher Williams (rugby union)

Christopher Gareth Williams (born 21 December 1950) is an English former rugby union international.
Williams, born in Pontypridd, Wales, moved to England aged seven. His father was Pontypridd RFC rugby player Gareth Williams, a teacher by profession. He attended Magdalen College School, Oxford and Lydney Grammar School.
A fly-half, Williams played his early rugby for the Lydney and Headingley clubs, the latter while stationed in Catterick with the RAF. He joined Gloucester in 1975 and the following year gained his solitary England cap against France at Parc des Princes, replacing Alan Old for the final Five Nations fixture. France won the match, but he set up England's only try.
# Alwyn Warren (bishop)

Alwyn Keith Warren CMG MC ChStJ (23 September 1900 – 27 May 1988) was Bishop of Christchurch in the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia from 1951 until 1966 and Chancellor of the University of Canterbury from 1965 to 1968.

## Biography
### Ministry

He was born in Wellington, New Zealand, and educated at Huntley School, Marton, then in England at Marlborough and Magdalen College, Oxford. He trained at Cuddesdon College and was ordained priest in 1925.
After a curacy at Ashford, Kent, he returned to New Zealand where he was Vicar of Ross and South Westland and then Waimate. While at Cuddesdon he had met Doreen Eda Laws when she was visiting the college; they married on 3 October 1928. From 1937 he was successively Archdeacon (1937–1944), Dean (1940–1951) and Bishop (1951–1966) of Christchurch.
His period of office as dean was interrupted by war service as a Chaplain to the Forces (Fourth Class) in the New Zealand Military Forces in 1944–45 during the Italian Campaign of World War II. On 13 December 1945 he was awarded the Military Cross for sustained gallantry in ministering to the men of the 2nd New Zealand Division Cavalry Battalion and particularly for arranging and assisting in the evacuation of many casualties (under fire) on 17 April 1945 during the crossing of the Gaiana River. He was later wounded in the foot by German shellfire; this wound would trouble him for the rest of his life. In Christchurch, in addition to improving the decoration of the cathedral, he was involved in the civic life of the city, particularly the Rotary Club and the Order of Saint John. In 1956 he was appointed officer of the order, and in 1961 he was promoted to chaplain. In 1953, he was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal.

### Later life and death

Warren's retirement as bishop was precipitated by Doreen suffering a stroke in 1964 which left her paralysed and unable to speak. He cared for her for the rest of her life. In the 1967 New Year Honours, he was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George. He died on 27 May 1988 in Christchurch.
# Mike Rodríguez (footballer)

Mike Davis Rodríguez Sornoza (born April 20, 1989) is an Ecuadorian footballer. He currently plays for Ecuadorian Deportivo Quito. He is considered to be one of the young promises of Ecuadorian football along with Jefferson Pinto, Fernando Guerrero, Michael Arroyo, Jefferson Montero, and Felipe Caicedo.

## International career

Rodriguez made his appearance internationally in the 2007 South American Youth Championship. In May 2008 he scored a double against Deportivo Quito in Quito, making him an important figure for his club.
# University School of Physical Education in Kraków

The University School of Physical Education in Krakow (AWF; Polish: Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Krakowie) is an institution of higher education in Kraków, Poland.

## History

The establishment of the Kraków AWF is associated with the 2-year Scientific Course for Candidates for Gymnastics Teachers in Secondary Schools and Teacher Training Colleges, established in 1893 at the Jagiellonian University. The course was conducted near the Faculty of Medicine of the Jagiellonian University. In 1913, it was transformed into a 2-year Physical Education College, which, in addition to educating teachers, organized lectures and practical exercises for all university students. It was the first such institution of university education of PE teachers in Poland.
The next step towards university education of PE teachers was the 3-year Physical Education School, established in the interwar period in Poland (1927) at the Faculty of Medicine of the Jagiellonian University. In 1950, the School was transformed into an independent Higher School of Physical Education. Four-year master's studies were also introduced (1954). In 1972, the school was given the name: Academy of Physical Education, and shortly after that it was named after Bronisław Czech. In 1970, the school obtained the right to award the degree of doctor and the degree of habilitated doctor in 1987.
# Lincoln Township, Knox County, Nebraska

Lincoln Township is one of thirty townships in Knox County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 741 at the 2020 census. A 2023 estimate placed the township's population at 729.
The Village of Wausa lies within the Township.
# Shuipu tube-nosed bat

The Shuipu tube-nosed bat or Shuifu tube-nosed bat (Murina shuipuensis) is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is endemic to southern China, where it is known only from Guangxi province. It is named after the type locality, Shuipu Village.
It has golden-brown fur with a striking orange-yellow underside, along with a small skull with a deep, pronounced rostrum. It resembles the much larger greater tube-nosed bat (M. leucogaster).