OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Qin

Qin may refer to:

## Dynasties and states

* Qin (state) (秦), a major state during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China
* Qin dynasty (秦), founded by the Qin state in 221 BC and ended in 206 BC
* Daqin (大秦), ancient Chinese name for the Roman Empire
* Former Qin (前秦), Di state/Di (Wu Hu) in the Sixteen Kingdoms period, 351 AD
* Later Qin (后秦), Qiang state in the Sixteen Kingdoms period, 384 AD
* Western Qin (西秦), Xianbei state in the Sixteen Kingdoms period, 409 AD

## Geography

* Qin (秦), another name of Shaanxi province, China
* Qin County (沁县), in Shanxi province, China
* Qin River (沁河) in Shanxi, tributary of the Yellow River
* Qin River (Hebei) (寢水) in Hebei, a former name of the Ming River

## Other uses

* Qin (surname)
* Qin (board game)
* Qin (Mandaeism), a demon of the Mandaean underworld
* Qin (Star Wars), a character on the television series The Mandalorian
* BYD Qin, a car
* Guqin (古琴), or qin, Chinese stringed musical instrument
* QIN, an acronym for the Quinault Indian Nation, Native American peoples in the United States
* qin, one representation of the functional fourth root of sin
# Ana Maruščec

Ana Maruščec (born 31 August 1988, in Zagreb) is a Croatian team handball player who plays for Alcoa FKC in right back position.

## Achievements

* Croatian Cup:
** Winner: 2007
# Greg Miller (Australian footballer)

Greg Miller (born 8 May 1953) is a former Australian rules football player and administrator. He played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Playing career

A defender, Miller was cleared to South Melbourne during the 1972 VFL season, from Richmond, where he played in the thirds. He came from East Burwood originally. After appearing in the final four rounds in 1972, Miller retained his spot in the team at the start of the 1973 season, but didn't play after round five due to a knee injury. He played 17 games in 1974, as a full-back, then made 20 appearances in 1975. More knee problems brought an early end to his 1976 season, in which he played six games.
From 1977 to 1979, Miller played for Sandringham in the Victorian Football Association.

## Football administration

In 1980, Miller was made South Melbourne's recruiting officer.
He was CEO of North Melbourne from 1985 to 1989, then again from 1995 to 2001.
In 1987 he secured the signature of Wayne Carey, who he had first spotted at a primary school football carnival, representing New South Wales. Carey was tied to the Sydney Swans as Wagga Wagga was in their residential zone, but convinced the club's general manager Ron Thomas to release him to North Melbourne.
In 2002 he joined Richmond as Football Manager and remained in that role until he resigned during the 2008 AFL season.

## Personal life

Miller is the son of former South Melbourne footballer Allan Miller.
# Russell Tweeddale

Russell Tweeddale (born 27 June 1954) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda and Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Tweeddale, who was from Ballarat, was a member of Redan's 1975 and 1976 premiership teams. Also a talented basketball player, Tweeddale represented the Victoria Country side at the 1976 Australian Basketball Championships. After starting at St Kilda with the reserves, in 1975, Tweeddale broke into the seniors in the 1977 VFL season. He was one of St Kilda's best players on his league debut and made a total of 17 appearances that year, followed by 17 in 1978 and seven in 1979. Footscray acquired his services in 1980 and he played eight senior games for his new club.
# Martina Pavić

Martina Pavić (born 27 October 1988) is a Croatian handballer who plays for Kastamonu Bld. GSK and the Croatian women's national team.

## International honours

* EHF Cup Winners' Cup:
** Quarterfinals: 2012
# Graham Gaunt

Graham Gaunt (born 2 August 1953) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond and Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Paul Thompson (Australian footballer)

Paul Thompson (born 19 April 1958) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# 1760 in science

The year 1760 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Chemistry

* Louis Claude Cadet de Gassicourt investigates inks based on cobalt salts and isolates cacodyl from cobalt mineral containing arsenic, pioneering work in organometallic chemistry.

## Geology

* John Michell suggests earthquakes are caused by one layer of rocks rubbing against another.

## Medicine

* April 30 – Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli presents a paper at the French Academy of Sciences in Paris in which "a mathematical model was used for the first time to study the population dynamics of infectious disease."
* Samuel-Auguste Tissot publishes L'Onanisme in Lausanne, a treatise on the supposed ill-effects of masturbation.

## Physics

* Johann Heinrich Lambert publishes Photometria, a pioneering work in photometry, including a formulation of the Beer–Lambert law on light absorption and the introduction of the albedo as a reflection coefficient.

## Technology

* Liègeois mechanician John Joseph Merlin first experiments with roller skates in London.

## Events

* Mathematician Leonhard Euler begins writing his Letters to a German Princess (Lettres à une princesse d'Allemagne sur divers sujets de physique et de philosophie) to Friederike Charlotte of Brandenburg-Schwedt and her younger sister Louise.

## Awards

* Copley Medal: Benjamin Wilson

## Births

* April 13 – Thomas Beddoes, reforming English physician (died 1808)
* June 5 – Johan Gadolin, Finnish chemist and mineralogist (died 1852)
* October 23 – Hanaoka Seishū, Japanese surgeon (died 1835)
* Clelia Durazzo Grimaldi, Italian botanist (died 1830)

## Deaths

* September 11 – Louis Godin, French astronomer (born 1704)
# Graeme Moyle

Graeme Moyle (born 1 July 1954) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Allan Holmes (footballer)

Allan Holmes (born 19 July 1952) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Collingwood Football Club and Fitzroy Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Lea Vukojević

Lea Vukojević (born 6 April 1993) is a Croatian handball player who plays for ŽRK Zrinski Čakovec and the Croatia national team.
# Peter Hickmott

Peter Hickmott (21 February 1954 – 22 August 2015) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon and Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Russell Reynolds

Russell Reynolds (born 4 February 1951) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# I-Juca-Pirama

I-Juca-Pirama is a short narrative poem by Brazilian author Gonçalves Dias. It first appeared in his 1851 poetry book Últimos Cantos, but is usually published independently of its parent tome. Written under decasyllabic and alexandrine verses, and divided in ten cantos, it is one of the most famous Indianist poems of Brazilian Romanticism.
I-Juca-Pirama means, in Old Tupi, "He who will die".

## Plot

The poem tells the story of a Tupi warrior who is captured by an enemy, cannibal tribe – the Timbiras. As he is about to be killed and offered in sacrifice, he begs for mercy in order to be freed and return to his home, where his old, sick and blind father waits for him. The Timbiras then allow the Tupi warrior to go.
The warrior reunites with his father. After smelling the sacrificial paint on his son's body and hearing that he was let go, his father demands they head back to the Timbiras' tribe in order for them to continue the sacrifice ceremony. However, the cacique (chief) of the Timbiras tells the old man that they no longer want the Tupi warrior to be sacrificed, since he begged for mercy and thus is a coward. Angered, the old man curses his son, saying that he is the disgrace of the Tupi tribe. The son cannot stand his father's hate, and suddenly wages war all alone against the whole Timbira tribe. The old man listens to his son's war screams and realizes that he is fighting with honor.
The battle is only finished when the Timbira cacique recognizes the valor of his enemy and says:
   Enough, brave warrior! Bravely you fought, and for the sacrifice you must keep your strength.
After hearing this, the old man hugs his son, apologizes for the curses and cries with joy.
This story would be told for generations in the Timbiras' tribe.

## Other medias
### Play

In 1869, José Bernardino dos Santos published the play Quadros da vida selvagem – Y-Juca Pirama, poesia de A. Gonçalves Dias.

### Comic adaptation

In 2012, publisher Peirópolis published a comic adaptation by Laerte Silvino.
# Clerget 7Z

The Clerget 7Z was a seven-cylinder rotary aircraft engine of the World War I era designed by Pierre Clerget. First appearing in 1913 it was nominally rated at 80 horsepower (60 kW). In addition to the 600 engines built in France by Clerget-Blin, 347 examples were built under license in Britain by Gordon Watney & Co Ltd of Weybridge and Gwynnes Limited of Hammersmith.

## Applications

* Avro 504
* Beardmore W.B.III
* Bristol S.S.A.
* Caudron G.4
* Mosca-Bystritsky MBbis
* Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.8a
* Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.2
* Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.4
* Sopwith Pup
* Weymann W-1

## Specifications (Clerget 7Z)

Data from Lumsden and Gunston.

### General characteristics

* Type: Seven-cylinder air-cooled rotary engine
* Bore: 120 mm (4.72 in)
* Stroke: 150 mm (5.91 in)
* Displacement: 11.88 L (724.96 cu in)
* Diameter: 914 mm (35.98 in)
* Dry weight: 106 kg (234 lb)

### Components

* Valvetrain: 1 each overhead inlet and exhaust valves operated by pushrods and rockers
* Fuel system: Bloctube carburettor
* Fuel type: Gasoline with Castor oil lubricant
* Oil system: Castor oil mixed with fuel
* Cooling system: Air-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 70.84 kW (95 hp) at 1,300 rpm (maximum power)
* Specific power: 0.1314 hp/cu in (5.98 kW/L)
* Compression ratio: 4.3:1
* Specific fuel consumption: 0.564 L/kW/hour(0.74 pt/hp/hour)
* Oil consumption: 0.0762 L/kW/hour (0.1 pt/hp/hour)
* Power-to-weight ratio: 0.67 kW/kg (0.406 hp/lb)
# Matt Byrachevski

Matt Byrachevski (born 3 November 1958) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Paul Néaoutyine

Paul Néaoutyine (French pronunciation:; born October 12, 1951, in Poindimié) is a French New Caledonian politician. A Kanak of the Saint-Michel tribe, he has been president of the North Province of New Caledonia since 1999. He is a supporter of New Caledonian independence.

## Training and professional career

After schooling in private Catholic education, he left to study in France at the Université Lumière in Lyon, from which he graduated and then did a DEA in economics in 1977. Back in New Caledonia, he went to teach as assistant teacher at the Lapérouse public high school in Nouméa from 1979 to 1980 and from 1983 to 1985.

## Legal Affairs
### Driving while intoxicated

Paul Néaoutyine was involved in a car accident in the town of Poya on Tuesday April 25, 2023 between 2 a.m. and 3 a.m. A gendarme patrol spotted his vehicle embedded in the fence of a property in the Moindah sector.1
Paul Néaoutyine's blood alcohol test was positive, with a concentration of 1.6 grams of alcohol in the blood. He could then be prosecuted for lack of control and driving under the influence of an alcoholic state.

### Domestic violence

In 2008, Paul Néaoutyine was given a 2-month suspended prison sentence by the Nouméa court. His wife had this time decided to file a complaint, after being attacked for the 3rd time.2
The elected representative of the North Province was not moved at the hearing.

### Favoritism offense

On June 15, 2021, Paul Néaoutyine was sentenced on appeal to 4 months suspended prison sentence, and 1 million CFP francs in almond, in the "fleur de vie" case, for the offense of favoritism. 3
The fleur de vie association was awarded by the elected official between 2010 and 2016, a transport contract for disabled children, for an amount of more than 200 million CFP francs, and this without going through a call for 'offer, or competitive bidding, as is the normal protocol.
# Athletics at the 1987 Summer Universiade – Men's 10,000 metres

The men's 10,000 metres event at the 1987 Summer Universiade was held at the Stadion Maksimir in Zagreb on 15 July 1987.

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Nationality | Time |
| | Axel Krippschock | East Germany | 29:07.02 |
| | Spyridon Andriopoulos | Greece | 29:08.65 |
| | Pat Porter | United States | 29:20.95 |
| 4 | Mikhail Khramov | Soviet Union | 29:35.70 |
| 5 | James Sapienza | United States | 29:36.46 |
| 6 | Viktor Gural | Soviet Union | 30:03.55 |
| 7 | James Harrison | Australia | 30:16.95 |
| 8 | Marco Gozzano | Italy | 30:40.40 |
| 9 | Hugo Allan García | Guatemala | 30:46.84 |
| 10 | Byron Vargas | Honduras | 31:03.32 |
| 11 | Ryu Ok Hyon | North Korea | 31:20.76 |
| 12 | Stanislav Rozman | Yugoslavia | 31:20.94 |
| 13 | Metin Değirmenci | Turkey | 32:22.53 |
| 14 | Samuel Opolot | Uganda | 32:54.18 |
| 15 | Abdullah Youssef | Jordan | 32:55.96 |
| 16 | Gian Luigi Macina | San Marino | 33:17.56 |
| | Andy Bristow | Great Britain | DNF |
| | Faiz Didin | Jordan | DNF |
| | Mohamed Rizgalla | Sudan | DNF |
| | Salvatore Nicosia | Italy | DNF |
| | James Njeru | Kenya | DNF |
| | Suedi Abdallah | Tanzania | DNF |
# Ogrodno

Ogrodno (German: Kavelsberg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Połczyn-Zdrój, 25 km (16 mi) east of Świdwin, and 109 km (68 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Marc Hill

Marc Kevin Hill (born February 18, 1952), nicknamed "the Booter", is an American former Major League Baseball catcher.

## St. Louis Cardinals

Hill was drafted straight out of high school by the St. Louis Cardinals in the tenth round of the 1970 Major League Baseball draft. He batted .244 with 21 home runs & 159 runs batted in over four seasons in their farm system to earn a September call up to the majors in 1973. He appeared in one game, and went 0-for-3, grounding into a double play in his first at bat.
Hill split the 1974 season between the Cardinals & triple A Tulsa Oilers. His 14 home runs for Tulsa tied for team lead. Toward the end of the season, the Cardinals sold Tim McCarver's contract to the Boston Red Sox, opening a job for Hill as Ted Simmons' back up for the remainder of the season. After which, he was traded to the San Francisco Giants for Ken Rudolph & Elías Sosa.

## San Francisco Giants

Hill platooned with Dave Rader behind the plate for two seasons with the Giants. He hit his first major league home run off the Atlanta Braves' Carl Morton on April 12, 1975. Following the 1976 season, Rader was traded to the Cardinals, leaving the starting job solely in Hill's hands. He responded with a career year in 1977, batting .250 with nine home runs & 50 RBIs, all career highs.
He held the starting job until a broken wrist cut short his 1979 season. Partway through the 1980 season, his contract was sold to the Seattle Mariners.

## Chicago White Sox

Hill saw little playing time with the M's. Following just a half season in Seattle, Hill joined the Chicago White Sox as a Spring training invitee, and ended up signing as a free agent with them.
Hill would spend six seasons in Chicago serving as Carlton Fisk's back up. He scored from second base on a sacrifice fly on May 15, 1983 against the New York Yankees, and batted .226 with one home run & 11 RBIs for the 1983 team that won the American League West. He did not appear in the 1983 American League Championship Series.
He received the most playing time of his tenure with the ChiSox in 1984, as Fisk battled injuries all season. His 20 RBIs were his most since 1978.

## Career stats

| Games | PA | AB | R | H | 2B | 3B | HR | RBI | SB | BB | SO | Avg. | OBP | SLG | OPS | Fld% | CS |
| 737 | 2047 | 1809 | 146 | 404 | 62 | 3 | 34 | 198 | 1 | 185 | 243 | .223 | .295 | .317 | .612 | .990 | 35% |
Hill's only career stolen base came on May 2, 1978. Tom Seaver lived with Hill part time after joining the White Sox in 1984.

## Minor league manager

Once his playing days ended, Hill took a job managing the class A Florida State League Daytona Beach Admirals in 1987, their only year of existence. In 1992, he joined the Seattle Mariners organization as manager of the Peninsula Pilots, who also folded at the end of the season. In their final season, Hill managed Peninsula to a 74-64 record & the Carolina League championship. He spent the next two seasons in the Mariners organization managing the Jacksonville Suns. From there, he moved over to the Pittsburgh Pirates organization, managing the Lynchburg Hillcats for a season, and the Carolina Mudcats for two.
# Stephen Howard (cricketer)

Stephen John Howard (born 7 February 1949) is a former Australian cricketer who played for Tasmania from 1969 until 1980.
A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler, Howard debuted for Tasmania in the first List A cricket match played in Australia. On the losing side against Victoria in late November 1969 he scored 39 not out, winning Australia's first man of the match award. His first-class debut came a month later when Tasmania played a New Zealand XI in Hobart.
Howard's sole first-class century was scored for Tasmania during a match against New South Wales in Hobart during the 1976–77 season. He went to the wicket with the score at 3 for 8 and made 111 out of a team total of 227. He was a member of Tasmania's inaugural Sheffield Shield team in October 1977. He was an opening batsman for the Tasmanian team that won the Gillette Cup in 1978–79. In 1979 he played a season as the professional for Nelson in the Lancashire League.
Howard also played senior Australian rules football with City-South in the NTFA during the late 1960s.
# Gin Act 1736

The Spirit Duties Act 1735 (9 Geo. 2. c. 23), commonly known as the Gin Act 1736), was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain that established a retail tax on gin and annual licenses for gin sellers. Designed to curb gin consumption, the law was widely disobeyed and then repealed in 1743.

## Background

Gin consumption in the United Kingdom increased markedly during the late 17th and early 18th centuries during the so-called Gin Craze. As consumption continued to grow, gin began to be blamed for a variety of social ills including crime, prostitution and mental illness.
Pushed forward by social reformers such as Joseph Jekyll, the act attempted to curb gin consumption by instituting a 20 shilling per gallon excise tax as well as a £50 annual license (equivalent to £10,000 today) for all gin sellers. Passed in 1735, it was set to take effect in September 1736. The law proved immensely unpopular and provoked public rioting. King George II issued a proclamation requiring compliance with the law and an end to public disorder against it. After just a year, though, enforcement began to wane and the public began to defy the law more openly. It is said that only two of the annual licenses were ever purchased. Moonshine also became widespread as people produced their own gins, sometimes using dangerous ingredients such as turpentine and sulfuric acid.

## Legacy

By 1743, gin production had actually increased to an all-time high of 8,000,000 imperial gallons (36,000,000 L; 9,600,000 US gal) and enforcement of the law was considered impossible. The financial strain of the War of the Austrian Succession also played a role as the government sought a solution which would generate more income. The act was virtually repealed by the Gin Act 1743 (16 Geo. 2. c. 8) which set much lower taxes and fees.
The whole act was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1867 (30 & 31 Vict. c. 59).
# Silvia Pepels

Silvia Maria Johannes Pepels (born 6 January 1975 in Stein, Limburg (Netherlands)) is an athlete from the Netherlands. She competes in triathlon.
Pepels competed at the first Olympic triathlon at the 2000 Summer Olympics. She took twenty-sixth place with a total time of 2:07:05.01.
# Klasztorne, Choszczno County

Klasztorne (German: Klosterfelde) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bierzwnik, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of Bierzwnik, 29 km (18 mi) south-east of Choszczno, and 89 km (55 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Richard Snell (cricketer)

Richard Peter Snell (born 12 September 1968) is a former South African cricketer who played in five Test matches and 42 One Day Internationals for South Africa.
He played for Transvaal in the early 1990s forming a formidable opening pair with Steven Jack.

## International career

He took South Africa's first Test wicket after they were re-admitted to international cricket. His 5/40 against Australia at MCG in the Benson & Hedges World Series in 1993–1994 being the best. His four wickets for 12 runs against Sri Lanka during the Hero Cup in 1993 was highly impressive. His highest score in ODIs was 63 which came as an opener against England at Chevrolet Park, Bloemfontein in 1996.

## After cricket

Since retiring from first class cricket in 1998, Richard Snell, worked as a trained physiotherapist before joining his family's industrial cleaning service and supply business, Reno Industrial Africa.
# Deaf Enabled Foundation

Deaf Enabled Foundation (DEF) is a non-profit organization founded in 2009. DEF is based in India and operates in several states, including Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and West Bengal.: DEF is affiliated to National Association of the Deaf, India.

## History and mission

DEF was established by a group of deaf and non-deaf individuals in 2009. The foundation trains individuals in Indian Sign Language (ISL). They provide education, vocational training, and support services to deaf individuals. DEF aims to empower women through various initiatives focused on reproductive health, counselling, and legal awareness.

## Initiatives

DEF has the following initiatives

### DEF ISL

DEF conducts individual classes and corporate workshops to create awareness about Indian Sign Language.

### DEF Academy

DEF provides formal education assistance for deaf students pursuing intermediate and degree courses, collaborating with the Board of Intermediate, Telangana, and IGNOU.

### DEF Skills

DEF offers vocational training in IT skills, English communication, and office readiness modules.

### DEF Youth Advancement

This initiative includes leadership training, adventure camps, and sports tournaments for overall development.

### DEF Child Outreach

DEF organises quizzes, painting competitions, and scholarships through the Helen Keller Academic Excellence Awards.

### DEF Women

This program consists of reproductive health seminars, counselling sessions, legal awareness workshops, and other support services.

### EduTech Initiatives

DEF has developed the DEF ISL App, a virtual dictionary with 70,000+ English words converted to Indian Sign Language, and the EduSign Academy, an online academic assistance platform that explains concepts in sign language for intermediate and degree deaf students. It also includes personality development and legal awareness modules.

## Recognition and awards

DEF has received the NCPEDP-SHELL HELEN KELLER Award in 2011.