OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Miss International 1972

Miss International 1972, the 12th Miss International pageant, was held on October 6, 1972 at Nippon Budokan in Tokyo, Japan. Delegates from 47 countries competed. Linda Hooks representing Britain won the country's second title by outgoing titleholder, Jane Cheryl Hansen from New Zealand.

## Results
### Placements

| Placement | Contestant |
| Miss International 1972 | Britain – Linda Hooks |
| 1st Runner-up | Australia – Christine Nola Clark |
| 2nd Runner-up | Philippines – Yolanda Adriatico Dominguez |
| 3rd Runner-up | Brazil – Jane Vieira Macambira |
| 4th Runner-up | United States – Lindsay Bloom |
| Top 15 | Argentina – Adriana Graciela Martin  Colombia – Lamia El Kouri Chaia  Finland – Tarja Annikki Leskinen  France – Suzanne Angly  Germany – Brigitte Burfino  Ireland – Katherine Talbot  Japan – Yuko Tamehisa  Portugal – Gilda Isabel Abreu  Turkey – Hulya Ercan  Venezuela – Marilyn Plessmann Martínez |

## Contestants

* Argentina - Adriana Graciela Martin
* Australia - Christine Nola Clark
* Austria - Brigitt Matzak Von Goricke
* Belgium - Caroline A Devienne
* Bolivia - Leticia Brunn Aguilera
* Brazil - Jane Vieira Macambira
* Britain - Linda Hooks
* Canada - Bonny Brady
* Chile - Pamela Virginia Santibáñez Berg
* Colombia - Lamia El Kouri Chaia
* Costa Rica - Isabel Amador Zamora
* Denmark - Gitte Mogensen
* Ecuador - Lucia del Carmen Fernández Avellaneda
* Finland - Tarja Annikki Leskinen
* France - Suzanne Angly
* Germany - Brigitte Burfino
* Greece - Neti Fasouli
* Guam - Edna Maria Quintanilla
* Hawaii - Allison John
* Holland - Monica Strotmann
* Iceland - Kolbrun Sveinsdóttir
* India - Indira Muthanna
* Ireland - Katherine Talbot
* Italy - Rita Pistolozzi
* Japan - Yuko Tamehisa
* Korea - Suh Ae-ja
* Luxembourg - Lydia Thilgen
* Malaysia - Francesca Lee Mei Fung
* Malta - Dolores Abdilla
* Mexico - Margarita Julia Martinez
* New Zealand - Janice Dawn Walker
* Nicaragua - Connie Anne Ballantyne Sequeira
* Norway - Vigdis Thire
* Philippines - Yolanda "Yogi" Adriatico Dominguez
* Portugal - Gilda Isabel Abreu
* Puerto Rico - Miriam López
* Singapore - May Tan
* Spain - Gloria Puyol Toledo
* Sri Lanka - Damayanthi Gunewardena
* Sweden - Eva Andersson
* Switzerland - Anneliese Weber
* Tahiti - Moea Arapari
* Thailand - Sarinya Thattavorn
* Turkey - Hulya Ercan
* Uruguay - Christina Moller
* United States - Lindsay Bloom
* Venezuela - Marilyn Plessman Martínez
# Modoc National Wildlife Refuge

Modoc National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge of the United States located in northeastern California. It is next to the South Fork of the Pit River in Modoc County, southeast of Alturas.
The area was first claimed by the Dorris Family in 1870 under the first of the federal Homestead Acts. The family developed a livestock ranch and built a reservoir. The first 5,360 acres were purchased from the family in 1960 to establish the refuge. Over the years more territory was purchased from several landowners, and today the refuge covers over 7,000 acres.
The refuge is located about 60 miles outside the Klamath Basin. It is on the western edge of the Great Basin and includes many types of habitat, such as seasonal and semi-permanent wetlands, wet meadows, riparian zones, sagebrush steppe, reservoir, and cropland. It is a staging area and wetland breeding habitat for migratory birds of the Pacific Flyway, such as waterfowl and the sandhill crane. More than 250 species of birds have been recorded on the refuge.
The functions of the refuge include preservation and conservation of habitat and flora and fauna, and recreation and public services such as hunting, fishing, boating, hiking, wildlife observation and photography, and education.
Management activities in the local habitat include grazing and crop cultivation, prescribed burning, and water manipulation. The wetlands are stewarded to provide healthy vegetation for the use of resident and visiting birds.
# Miss International 1983

Miss International 1983, the 23rd Miss International pageant, was held on 11 October 1983 at Festival Hall, Osaka and hosted by Masumi Okada. Gidget Sandoval of Costa Rica was crowned at the end of the event.

## Results
### Placements

| Placement | Contestant |
| Miss International 1983 | Costa Rica - Gidget Sandoval |
| 1st runner-up | Australia - Michelle Marie Banting |
| 2nd runner-up | Denmark - Inge Ravn Thomsen |
| 3rd runner-up | New Zealand - Brenda Dennise Ngatai |
| 4th runner-up | Spain - Milagros Pérez Castro |
| Top 15 | Belgium - Marina De Ruyck  Colombia - Marta Liliana Ruiz Orduz  England - Nicola Stanley  Holland - Brigitte Bergman  Ireland - Sandra Eglington  Italy - Federica Silvia Tersch  Japan - Akemi Fujita  Korea - Chung Young-soon  Scotland - Alison Dunn  United States - Kimberly Anne Bleier |

## Contestants

* Australia - Michelle Marie Banting
* Austria - Eveline Rille
* Belgium - Marina De Ruyck
* Bolivia - Eliana Limpias Suárez
* Brazil - Geórgia Marinho Ventura
* Canada - Starr Andreeff
* Colombia - Marta Liliana Ruiz Orduz
* Costa Rica - Gidget Sandoval Herrera
* Denmark - Inge Ravn Thomsen
* England - Nicola Stanley
* Finland - Niina Maarit Kesäniemi
* France - Valérie Guenveur
* Germany - Loana Katharina Radecki
* Greece - Plousia "Sia" Farfaraki
* Guam - Shannon Dilbeck
* Holland - Brigitte Bergman
* Honduras - Ileana Maritza López Turcios
* Hong Kong - Eve Lee Yuet-Fu
* Iceland - Steinunn Johanna Bergmann
* India - Sahila Vimal Chadha
* Ireland - Sandra Eglington
* Israel - Sigal Fogel
* Italy - Federica Silvia Tersch
* Japan - Akemi Fujita
* Korea - Chung Young-soon
* Malaysia - Helen Ann Peters
* Mexico - Rosalba Chávez Carretero
* New Zealand - Brenda Dennise Ngatai
* Northern Marianas - Margarita Tenorio Benavente
* Norway - Christine Zeiner
* Philippines - Flor Eden "Epang" Guano Pastrana
* Portugal - Cesaltina da Conceição Lopes da Silva
* Scotland - Alison Dunn
* Singapore - Patricia Ngow Pui Lee
* Spain - Milagros Pérez Castro
* Switzerland - Barbara Zehnder
* Thailand - Kasama Senawat
* Turkey - Guzin Yildiz
* United States - Kimberly Anne Bleier
* Venezuela - Donnatella "Donna" Bottone Tirante
* Wales - Lianne Patricia Gray
# Bob Haro

Bob Haro (born June 29, 1958, in Pasadena, California) is an American former (retired from active competition) professional freestyle BMX rider turned artist and business executive. He is the founder of Haro Bikes and was one of the most important early innovators of BMX freestyle.

## Early life

He began biking in his high school sophomore year when he ran out of money riding dirt bikes. His father bought him a Honda 100 and he stripped the bike down to compete in motorcycle races. He won over 50 motocross trophies by 1975.
Around 1976, he got into BMX biking by racing his brother's bike out behind a bike shop in San Diego. After moving to Stockton, California as a result of his parents' divorce, Bob really got started racing and riding for a sponsor for Molina's Bike Shop. He was one of a small group of BMX'ers in that town to perform many of the common tricks.

## Career

In 1978, Haro teamed up with R. L. Osborn to form the very first freestyle BMX team, which made its debut at ABA's Winternationals in Chandler, AZ.
In 1981 Bob Haro and Bob Morales traveled on tour together performing shows all over the Midwest, Eastern United States, and parts of Canada to enthusiastic crowds. Also, in 1981, Haro was involved in the Steven Spielberg production of E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial as a stunt rider.
In 1981 Bob Haro designed the first frame and fork tailored to freestyle BMX. The frameset was manufactured by the bicycle company Torker and became commercially available in 1982 and was marketed as the Haro Freestyler.
He stopped riding in 1985 after four knee surgeries and, in 1987, he was inducted into the American Bicycle Association Hall Of Fame. In 1993 he founded his own company, Haro Design, Inc., a design and marketing company in Cardiff, CA.
Bob Haro also invented the style of Flatland BMX.
In 2012, as part of the London Olympic Games, Bob Haro choreographed the Dove bike sequence in the Opening ceremony.
# Nan Merriman

Katherine Ann Merriman (April 28, 1920 – July 22, 2012) was an American operatic mezzo-soprano.

## Biography

A native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, she performed with her pianist brother, J. Vick O'Brien (later president of the Pittsburgh National Bank, and father of Thomas H. O’Brien, retired president of PNC), in cafes and supper clubs in the Pittsburgh area. She studied singing with retired lyric soprano Alexis Bassian in San Francisco and with Lotte Lehmann in Los Angeles. By the age of twenty she was singing on Hollywood film soundtracks and it was there that she was spotted by Laurence Olivier. He picked Merriman to accompany him and his wife, actress Vivien Leigh, on a tour of Romeo and Juliet, where she performed songs during the set changes.
Her voice was used in two Jeanette MacDonald movies, first in a chorus in Maytime (1937), then in a brief solo early in Smilin' Through (1941).
Merriman sang many roles both live and on radio under the baton of Arturo Toscanini between 1944 and 1953, while he was conductor of the NBC Symphony Orchestra. Among the roles she sang with him, were Maddalena in Act IV of Verdi's Rigoletto, Emilia in Verdi's Otello, Mistress Page in Verdi's Falstaff, and the trousers role of Orfeo in Act II of Gluck's Orfeo ed Euridice and also sang in his first and only studio recording of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, with the NBC Symphony Orchestra, in 1952. She was also featured as Dorabella in a 1956 La Scala performance of Mozart's Così fan tutte, which was conducted by Toscanini's short-lived protégé, Guido Cantelli. She sang Mozart's Dorabella at San Francisco Opera in 1957.
Merriman recorded Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde three times, twice with the tenor Ernst Haefliger and the Concertgebouw Orchestra. The 1957 recording was conducted by Eduard van Beinum for the Philips label, while the 1963 recording was conducted by Eugen Jochum for Deutsche Grammophon (see discography in the external links). The latter recording was awarded the Grand Prix du Disque of the Académie Charles Cros. A third recording, with tenor Fritz Wunderlich and the NDR Symphony Orchestra under conductor Hans Schmidt-Isserstedt, was recorded live in Hamburg in April 1965, and released under different labels.
Merriman was particularly well received in the Netherlands, where she met and married Dutch tenor Tom Brand, a widower with several children. She retired from performing to care for the family in 1965. Brand died in 1970. After the children were grown, she maintained residences in Hawaii and California. She died at her home in Los Angeles on July 22, 2012 from natural causes, aged 92.
# Pleasant Lake National Wildlife Refuge

Pleasant Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Benson County, North Dakota. It is managed under Devils Lake Wetland Management District.
This is a limited-interest national wildlife refuge. The FWS has an easement on private property allowing it to manage wildlife habitat, but the land remains private property. There is no public access although wildlife may be observed from adjacent public roads. Limited-interest refuges were created in the 1930s and 1940s in response to declining waterfowl populations and the need to get people back to work during the Great Depression. Many landowners sold easements allowing the federal government to regulate water levels and restrict hunting.
# Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge

The Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Warsaw, Virginia, United States that was established in 1996. It is managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

## Location

The refuge comprises several non-contiguous units along the Rappahannock River in King George, Caroline, Essex, Westmoreland, and Richmond counties. The majority of the units are in Richmond County.
Rappahannock River Valley is part of the Eastern Virginia Rivers National Wildlife Refuge Complex. The complex comprises four refuges:
* Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge
* Presquile National Wildlife Refuge
* James River National Wildlife Refuge
* Plum Tree Island National Wildlife Refuge

## Purpose

This refuge was created as a haven to protect fish and wildlife, wetlands and especially threatened and endangered species. In particular the goal of the refuge is to protect the wetlands and streams of the Rappahannock River watershed. The Fish and Wildlife service is also making restoration efforts for the flora and fauna as well as the wetland ecosystem as a whole.
# Roanoke River National Wildlife Refuge

Roanoke River National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1989 to protect and enhance wooded wetlands consisting of bottomland hardwoods and swamps with high waterfowl value along the Roanoke River. The extensive bottomland hardwood habitat of the Roanoke River National Wildlife Refuge is part of what the Nature Conservancy calls "one of the last great places."
Refuge lands consist of bottomland hardwood forest interspersed with cypress-tupelo sloughs that includes forested wetlands in the lower 130 miles (210 km) of the Roanoke River from the Fall Line at Weldon, North Carolina downstream to the Albemarle Sound near Plymouth, North Carolina. The refuge includes part of an extensive wetland ecosystem that contains excellent examples of several southeastern plant communities and habitat types. These include levee forest, cypress-gum swamp, bottomland hardwoods, oxbows, beaver ponds and blackwater streams. These communities add to the rich mosaic of habitat types in the river's floodplain.
The refuge includes valuable wetlands for fish and wildlife; especially waterfowl, neotropical migrants, and anadromous fish. The refuge hosts 214 species of birds, including 88 breeding resident species and the largest inland heron rookery in the state; white-tailed deer; one of the largest natural wild turkey populations in North Carolina; and a remnant population of black bear along with numerous small game and a diversity of fish species, including the endangered shortnose sturgeon.
# Rock Lake National Wildlife Refuge

Rock Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Towner County, North Dakota. It is managed under Devils Lake Wetland Management District.
This is a limited-interest national wildlife refuge. The FWS has an easement on private property allowing it to manage wildlife habitat, but the land remains private property. There is no public access although wildlife may be observed from adjacent public roads. Limited-interest refuges were created in the 1930s and 1940s in response to declining waterfowl populations and the need to get people back to work during the Great Depression. Many landowners sold easements allowing the federal government to regulate water levels and restrict hunting.
# Tephrocactus articulatus

Tephrocactus articulatus is a species of cactus in the subfamily Opuntioideae of the plant family Cactaceae. They usually grow branches up to one foot tall with white flowers. Its most notable feature are its needles or spines which, if present, are flat and resemble parchment. Propagation is usually through cuttings. Stem segments easily break away and will root without special treatment. Plants may also be grown from seeds. Spring blooms open at end-of-evening nautical twilight, and close shortly after sunrise.
They originate in Argentina, but are cultivated in outdoor landscaping in warm desert climates such as Phoenix, Arizona.
Varieties have been recognized, including var. inermis (spruce cone cactus) and var. papyracanthus (paper spine cholla cactus), but none are accepted by Plants of the World Online.
* In Springs Preserve garden, Las Vegas
* "var. diadematus"
* "var. diadematus" details
* "var. inermis"
# St. Johns National Wildlife Refuge

The St. Johns National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, located off SR 50 just west of Titusville. The 6,255 acre (25 km$^2$) refuge was established in 1971 to protect the now extinct dusky seaside sparrow, Ammodramus maritimus nigrescens. It is administered as part of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge.
# Swanquarter National Wildlife Refuge

The Swanquarter National Wildlife Refuge is located in Hyde County, North Carolina near the village of Swan Quarter. The area is a federally protected land and home to many species of wildlife and waterfowl. The refuge is administered from the nearby Mattamuskeet National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge has a total area of 16,411 acres (66.41 km$^2$).
The bird species that breed on the refuge are characteristic of species that inhabit other coastal plain communities. They include warblers, nuthatches, thrashers, and blue-gray gnatcatchers. Wading birds, such as the great blue heron are common and breeding has been documented in at least one rookery on this refuge. Bald eagles and ospreys have also historically nested on the refuge and viable nests remain. The most common winter bird species are the American robin, yellow-rumped warbler, the red-winged blackbird, and sparrows. Robins feed heavily on berries of red bay and greenbrier and roost in large concentrations along the ditches. Myrtle warblers use vegetated ditch banks, and forest edges. They feed heavily on wax myrtle berries. The northern harrier may be observed hunting over the marshes.
Mammalian species of black bear and white-tailed deer range over the entire refuge. They are not hunted on this refuge, but are hunted on its adjacent property. The refuge is also home to american alligators.
Approximately half the refuge was designated a part of Swanquarter Wilderness.
Great Island, located in the Pamlico Sound, is located entirely within the wildlife refuge.
# Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge

Established in 2004, the Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge is part of the Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge Complex in Mississippi. Although the acquisition boundary for Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge has been proposed near Onward, Mississippi, the land exchanges that are prerequisite have not yet been completed. Consequently, the refuge has not been opened for public use.
# Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge Complex

The Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge Complex is the largest refuge complex in the state of Mississippi. Over 100,000 acres (400 km$^2$) of refuge lands on seven refuges, including 13,000 acres (53 km$^2$) of refuge-managed Farmers Home Administration lands, provide vital habitat for fish and wildlife in the Delta region.
The complex includes seven refuges:
* Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge – established 1936
* Hillside National Wildlife Refuge – established 1975
* Morgan Brake National Wildlife Refuge – established 1977
* Panther Swamp National Wildlife Refuge – established 1978
* Mathews Brake National Wildlife Refuge – established 1980
* Holt Collier National Wildlife Refuge – established 2004
* Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge – established 2004
The headquarters office for Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge Complex is located on Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge.

## History

In January 2004, the Consolidated Appropriations Act changed the name of the Central Mississippi Refuges Complex to Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge Complex. The legislation established two new refuges in the complex – Holt Collier NWR and Theodore Roosevelt NWR, and included provisions to design and construct the Holt Collier Environmental Education and Interpretation Center in the south Delta region. The two new refuges were named to honor President Theodore Roosevelt and the legendary African-American sportsman and hunting guide, Holt Collier.

## Topography

Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge Complex manages approximately 42,000 acres (170 km$^2$) of bottomland hardwood forest in the Mississippi Delta region. Refuge staff have reforested an additional 25,000 acres (100 km$^2$) of former agricultural land, bringing the complex's total area of bottomland forest to 67,000 acres (270 km$^2$).
More than 60 species of trees are known to occur on the complex. The lowest areas on refuge lands contain bald cypress, buttonbush, and water tupelo, except on Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge, where water tupelo does not occur. Other woody species in permanent or semi-permanent flooded areas include swamp privet, water elm, black willow and water locust.
Prior to European settlement, the Lower Mississippi Valley was covered with over 24 million acres (97,000 km$^2$) of bottomland hardwood forest that supported a rich diversity of fish and wildlife species. Historically, the dominant forest type was oak-gum-cypress. Canebrakes covered the broader flats on slightly higher ground, forming extensive nearly pure stands beneath huge bottomland hardwood trees. Settlers began clearing the forest in the early 19th century. Today more than 75% of the forest coverage has been lost to land clearing operations for agriculture, transportation, industrialization, and urbanization. The remaining 4.8 million acres (19,000 km$^2$) of forest are isolated islands of habitat surrounded by cotton, corn, rice, and bean fields. Most of the surviving forests now occupy low ground dominated by water tolerant species.
# Hinatua River

The Hinatua River is a small river in the Westland District of New Zealand's South Island. Its headwaters are on Mount Hercules, near State Highway 6 as it runs between Harihari and Te Taho. The Hinatua River then flows in a general northerly direction, passing just to the east of the Saltwater Lagoon before flowing close to the Tasman Sea coastline before joining the Poerua River at its rivermouth.
# Valentine National Wildlife Refuge

Valentine National Wildlife Refuge is located in the U.S. state of Nebraska and includes 19,131 acres (77.42 km$^2$). The refuge protects a portion of the largest remaining area of tall and mid grass prairie in the United States.

## Development

Collectively known as the sand hills region of Nebraska, the dunes were the result of the last ice age known as the Pinedale glaciation. During the Holocene glacial retreat the sand dunes that been deposited in their current location by the vast continental glaciers, were exposed and grasses eventually took over.

## Management

The refuge is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and along with Fort Niobrara and John and Louise Seier National Wildlife Refuges, they form the Fort Niobrara National Wildlife Refuge Complex. In 1976, the Valentine National Wildlife Refuge was designated as a National Natural Landmark by the National Park Service.

## Natural features

Numerous lakes and ponds are located on the refuge, fed by underground seeps and springs. 260 species of birds have been identified over the years on the refuge, and during migratory periods in the spring and fall, 150,000 birds pass through the protected area. Coyote, blanding's turtle, prairie grouse, white-tailed and Mule deer are commonly found by visitors in this refuge. Muskrat and beaver inhabit the wetlands and streams.

## Location

Valentine NWR is located about 20 miles (32 km) south of Valentine, Nebraska off U.S. Highway 83.
# ACX

ACX may refer to:
* ACX Technologies, Inc, a holding company wholly owned by CoorsTek
* Astral Codex Ten, the successor blog to Slate Star Codex
* Atlantic City Expressway
* Audiobook Creation Exchange, an Audible.com audiobook service
* Omani Arabic (ISO 639 language identifier acx)

## Aviation

* Air Cargo Germany (ICAO airline code ACX, now defunct)
* IATA airport code for Xingyi Wanfenglin Airport in Guizhou Province, China.
# Drake River

The Drake River is a river of New Zealand. It is located in southern Westland, and flows entirely within the Mount Aspiring National Park. The river follows a southerly course for seven kilometres before turning northeast to flow another five kilometres before reaching the Waiatoto River.
The tributaries of the river were probably surveyed and named by Mueller in 1885.
There is potential for a 30 MW power-generating plant at the junction of the Drake and Waiatoto Rivers.