OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Curtici

Curtici (Hungarian: Kürtös, German: Kurtitsch) is a town located in Arad County, in western Romania. The town is situated at a 17 km (11 mi) distance from the county capital, Arad, in the western part of Arad County. It is the most important railway meeting point of Central Europe with the western part of Romania. Its administrative territory extends on a 7,970 ha (19,700 acres) area, on the Sântana Plateau, a plateau characterized in the zone of the town by the sand hills formed by the old branches of the river Mureș.
Curtici is a border town between Hungary and Romania, on the Romanian side. It is an especially important rail border crossing, as it is the main crossing between trains going from Hungary and Romania, especially those between Budapest and Bucharest. The town administered the village of Dorobanți until 2004, when it was split off to form a separate commune. The town borders Hungary and Macea commune to the north, Zimandu Nou commune to the east, Șofronea commune to the south, and Dorobanți commune to the west.
The town's Hungarian name means "Trumpeter"; the German and Romanian names derive from that. The first written confirmation of the town Curtici dates back to the 16th century, specifically to 1519. In 1920, it became part of Romania. It was declared a town in 1968.

## Demographics

At the 2021 census, Curtici had a population of 7,279. At the 2011 census, the town had 6,849 inhabitants, of which 86.62% were Romanians, 9.35% Roma, 3.19% Hungarians, 0.11% Germans, 0.21% Ukrainians, and 0.1% are of other or undeclared nationalities.

## Economy

Its economy is in a continuous development. Due to the agricultural potential of the zone, to its favourable position from the western border of Romania, to its closeness to Arad, to the presence of the main railway making connection with Western Europe (the railway station of Curtici was inaugurated in 1921, simultaneously with the formation of the customs) the town is an important economic pole. The town attracts investments due to the establishment of the Arad-Curtici duty-free zone.
In summer, the thermal water pool is the town's main tourist attraction.
# 2020 in Kyrgyzstan

Events in the year 2020 in Kyrgyzstan.

## Incumbents

* President – Sooronbay Jeenbekov (until 15 October); Sadyr Japarov (15 October-14 November); Talant Mamytov (starting 14 November)
* Prime Minister – Mukhammedkalyi Abylgaziev (until 15 June); Kubatbek Boronov (17 June-9 October); Sadyr Japarov (10 October-14 November); Artem Novikov (starting 14 November)

## Events

Ongoing – COVID-19 pandemic in Kyrgyzstan

### March

* 18 March – The first three cases of COVID-19 in the country were confirmed, after a citizen returned from Saudi Arabia according to the nation's health ministry.

### June

* 15 June – Prime Minister Abylgaziev resigned from his post as Prime Minister in connection with allegations against the government in a criminal case on the extension and renewal of radio frequency resources.
* 17 June – The Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan confirms former first deputy prime minister Kubatbek Boronov as the new prime minister.
* 23 June – Judge Emilbek Kaipov of the Birinchi Mai District Court sentenced former President Almazbek Atambayev to 11 years and two months in prison on corruption charges. Former Prosecutor-General Indira Joldubaeva, former chief of the Hematology Center Abdukhalim Raimjanov, and Kalybek Kachkynaliev, a former adviser to the State Penitentiary Service chief, were also found guilty.

### July

* 17 July – The country announces the addition of thousands of cases and hundreds of deaths to its COVID-19 tallies, describing the corresponding pneumonia-related cases, which had not been confirmed by tests, as most likely linked to the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

### September

* 2 September – The number of COVID-19 cases in the country reaches past 44,000.
* 11 September – The number of recoveries of COVID-19 in the country reaches past 40,000.

### October

* From 5 October – 2020 Kyrgyzstani protests
* 9 October – Prime Minister Kubatbek Boronov resigns.
* 15 October – President Sooronbay Jeenbekov resigns.
# Tipula luna

Tipula luna is a species of true cranefly.

## Distribution

Widespread throughout the West Palaearctic.
# Bill Garvie

William Henry Garvie (31 December 1910 – 27 June 1944) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond. Winning the Richmond Reserves best and fairest in 1935, he was killed in an accident while serving in the army during World War II.

## Family

The son of George William Austin Garvie (1885–1955), and Mary Garvie, William Henry Garvie was born at Cobden, Victoria on 31 December 1910. He married Jean Kathleen Crawford in 1938.

## Football
### Richmond (VFL)

Cleared from Hamilton to Richmond, Garvie played a total of nine First XVIII games and 29 Second XVIII games over two seasons (1934 and 1935). He won the Second XVIII best and fairest in 1935.

### Carlton (VFL)

Transferred to Carlton in 1936, he played 13 games and scored 18 goals for the Carlton Second XVIII in that single season. He did not play a single game for the Carlton First XVIII.

### Oakleigh (VFA)

Transferred from Carlton to Oakleigh, Garvie played for Oakleigh First XVIII for the first four matches of the 1937 season.

## Cricket

Garvie played two District Cricket matches for the Richmond Cricket Club's First XI in the 1933–34 season.

## Military service

Employed as a conductor by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board, he enlisted in the Second Australian Imperial Force in November 1942, and served in the 20th Field Bakery Platoon of the Royal Australian Army Service Corps.

## Death

Seriously injured (fractured skull, fractured spine, etc.) in an accident on 26 June 1944 (the military vehicle he was in overturned), he died of his injuries the next day. He was buried at the Atherton War Cemetery in Queensland.
# Jack Atkins

Ernest John Atkins (19 December 1916 – 1 March 1942) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
He was an able seaman on HMAS Perth; and he died during World War II when HMAS Perth was hit by a Japanese torpedo during the Battle of Sunda Strait. His service number was PM2929.

## Family

The son of former University footballer, Ernest Faram "Ernie" Atkins (1890–1972), and Vera Ethel Atkins, née Clendinnen, Ernest John Atkins was born on 19 December 1916.
# Thomas Leather

Thomas William Leather (2 June 1910 – 10 May 1991) was an Australian first-class cricketer who represented Victoria. He also played Australian rules football with North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

Thomas William Leather was born at Rutherglen, Scotland on 2 June 1910.
He married Edith Dorothy Ponsford (1904–1984), the sister of Bill Ponsford in 1939. They had two children; a daughter and a son. Their son, John Ponsford Leather, died suddenly in 1950, at the age of seven.

## Education

He attended Caulfield Grammar School in 1925 and 1926.

## Football
### North Melbourne (VFL)

Leather played 16 games and kicked 11 goals for North Melbourne in a brief career during the 1932 and 1933 VFL seasons.

### Williamstown (VFA)

Granted a permit by the VFA to transfer from St Kilda to Williamstown on 12 April 1939, he played in 8 games for the Williamstown Football Club, in the VFA, in 1939.

## Cricket

He appeared in four first-class cricket matches for Victoria in 1934 and 1935, taking 14 wickets at 26.07. On the back of these performances, he was picked to tour Ceylon and India with the Australian cricket team in 1935–36. Australia's Test team was touring South Africa at the time so this was a second string side. As a result, the matches against India, which Leather took part in, were given first-class status but were not Test matches.
After going wicket-less in their match against Ceylon, Leather went to India and played in all four 'Tests'. He took 21 wickets in those matches, taking five wicket hauls in Calcutta and Lahore to finish the Indian tour with an impressive 47 first-class wickets at 17.25. This made him Australia's most successful bowler for the tour after Frederick Mair and Ron Oxenham.
Although Leather was only 25 when he returned to Australia, he played just one more first-class match in his career. This was for the Don Bradman's XI in the Bardsley-Gregory Testimonial Match against the Victor Richardson's XI at the Sydney Cricket Ground.

## Military service

He enlisted in the Second AIF on 4 June 1940, and was discharged on the grounds of "being medically unfit for service not occasioned by his own defaults" on 6 August 1940.

## Footnote

* ↑ Tom Leather Australian Sports Museum
* ↑ Cricket Romance: Indian Tour Bowler to Wed Ponsford's Sister, The Herald, (Monday, 26 August 1935), p.1.
* ↑ Deaths: Leather, The Herald, (Tuesday, 24 October 1950), p.8.
* ↑ Webber (1981), p.302.
* ↑ Wilkinson (1997), p.84.
* ↑ South's Ban on Faul Disegarded, The Argus, (Thursday, 13 April 1939), p.20.
* ↑ Cricketer to Play, The Argus, (Wednesday, 15 March 1939), p,28.
* ↑ Good Recruits at V.F.A. Practice: Williamstown, The Dporting Globe, (Saturday, 1 April 1939), p.4.
* ↑ "First-class Bowling for Australians in India 1935/36". CricketArchive.
* ↑ "DG Bradman's XI v VY Richardson's XI 1936/37". CricketArchive.
* ↑ Bardsley-Gregory Testimonial Match, The (Wagga) Daily Advertiser, (Friday, 9 October 1936), p.8.
* ↑ 'Rambler', "Frenzied Batting Display in Testimonial Game", The Sporting Globe, (Wednesday, 14 October 1936), p.8.
* ↑ Tom Leather Enlists, The Herald, (Monday, 3 June 1940), p.10.
# Bob Bawden

Robert Harvey Bawden (28 February 1917 – 22 July 1980) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the early 1940s.
Bawden originally played with Leongatha Imperials Football Club and was a member of their 1932 and Leongatha FC's 1934 and 1935 premiership teams.
In 1935, Bawden played 16 games with Victorian Football Association (VFA) club Oakleigh. He returned to Morwell and played in their premiership and won the 1937 Rodda Memorial Gold Medal in the Central Gippsland Football Association before joining Richmond in 1939.
Over the course of his career there Bawden acted as second ruckman to Richmond great Jack Dyer. When not rucking he was used in the forward pocket and was a member of Richmond's 1943 VFL premiership team. He also participated in three losing VFL Grand Finals, in 1940, 1942 and 1944.
From 1946 onwards for a few years he played for City and then Cornwall in the Northern Tasmanian Football Association (NTFA).
He was the brother of Essendon player, Tom Bawden.
# Clyde Helmer

Reginald Clyde Helmer (22 April 1916 – 24 April 1945) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Geelong and Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

The son of Nils Helmer (1882–1967), and Eva May Helmer (1887–1971), née Hill, Reginald Clyde Helmer was born at Mooroopna on 22 April 1916. He was the nephew of Reginald Valentine Hill, D.S.O., the cousin of Fred Hawking, and the uncle of Geelong footballer John Helmer.
He married Marjorie Mary Frances Gibson (1919–1983), later Mrs. Maurice Steeth, in 1944.

## Football

A forward, Helmer could torpedo punt on either foot.

### Geelong (VFL)

In 1937 he played a centre half-forward in the Geelong Second XVIII team that won the Second's premiership.
In 1938, just his second league season, topped Geelong's goalkicking with 74 goals. In a game that year against Fitzroy he kicked a career best eight goals.

### Interstate Team (VFL)

On 29 July 1939 he played at centre half-forward for Victoria against South Australia.

### Melbourne (VFL)

He crossed to Melbourne in 1942 but could only manage two games.

### South Sydney Football Club (NSWFL)

In 1944 he played for the South Sydney Australian Football Club in the New South Wales Football League.

## Military service

During World War II Helmer was a Temporary Warrant Officer in the Australian Army and lost his life in New Guinea after a bomb he was trying to defuse exploded.

## Remembered

On 5 May 1945, a minute's silence was observed in Helmer's memory before the match between the South Sydney and RAAF teams at Trumper Park Oval in Paddington, New South Wales.
# Charlie McInnes

Charles Vivian John McInnes (21 August 1916 – 3 December 1992) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the VFL.
A follower and half forward flanker, McInnes played many of his 118 games at Carlton as their 19th man. It was in that role that he played in Carlton's 1938 and 1945 premierships.
During his football career McInnes enlisted in the Australian Army to serve in World War II, serving for 16 months within Victoria.
# Paul Schmidt (footballer)

Paul Bernard Schmidt (23 April 1917 – 17 June 1961) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the VFL.
Schmidt was a half forward, he topped Carlton goalkicking every season from 1940 to 1942. His best season tally came in 1941 when he managed 77 goals, including 11 in Carlton's Round 16 game against St Kilda. He was a premiership player in 1938 and missed the 1943 season due to military commitments.
Schmidt moved to Tasmania to captain-coach the Devonport Football Club in the North West Football Union in 1945.
He died on 17 June 1961, and was buried at Melbourne General Cemetery.
# Richie Emselle

Richie Emselle (24 September 1917 – 16 January 1992) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Emselle was a regular in the back pocket for Melbourne during their golden run from 1939 to 1941.
# Albert Barron

Albert M. Barron (September 18, 1888 – March 27, 1962) was an American football player, coach of football and track, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head coach at Michigan State Agricultural College—now Michigan State University—from 1921 to 1922, and at Temple University in 1924, compiling a career record of 7–14–2. Barron was the athletic director at Michigan Agricultural in 1922. He also coached track at Temple and at Swarthmore College. He served as the athletic director at Olney High School in Philadelphia from 1937 to 1957 and also coached football there. Barron died on March 27, 1962, in Somers Point, New Jersey, after a heart attack.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Michigan Agricultural Aggies (Independent) (1921–1922) ||||||
| 1921 | Michigan Agricultural | 3–5 |
| 1922 | Michigan Agricultural | 3–5–2 |
| Michigan Agricultural: | Michigan Agricultural: | 6–10–2 |
| Temple Owls (Independent) (1924) ||||||
| 1924 | Temple | 1–4 |
| Temple: | Temple: | 1–4 |
| Total: | Total: | 7–14–2 |
# Jack Collins (footballer, born 1910)

Jack Laurie Collins (13 February 1910 – 1 March 1972) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong in the VFL during the 1930s.
A centre half forward, Collins debuted for Geelong in 1929. He was a member of their 1931 premiership team and had his best season in 1938 when he finished equal 7th in the Brownlow Medal. Collins also represented Victoria 11 times in interstate football.
He was named as an emergency in Geelong's official 'Team of the Century'.
# Bruce Calverley

William Bruce Calverley (21 January 1918 – 14 May 1961) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Prior to establishing himself in the VFL he won the 1938 Gardiner Medal for the best player in the reserves competition. He played 89 games for Fitzroy, the most important being in the 1944 Grand Final win where he played on the wing.
# Stan Dawson

Stan Dawson (12 August 1917 – 25 December 1973) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood and Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL). In 1941 he transferred from Collingwood to Victorian Football Association club, Preston. He usually played on the half forward line.
# Laurie Bickerton

Lawrence Henry "Laurie" Bickerton (10 August 1917 – 10 August 2009) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during their final premiership season in 1944. He played on the half back flank in the Grand Final.
# Harry Davenport (footballer)

Harold John Davenport (19 February 1900 – 22 October 1984) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Ted Sivies

Edward Alexander Sivies (17 June 1902 – 14 July 1951) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

The son of Alexander Sivies (1875-1943), and Henrietta Elisabeth Sivies (1881-1954), née Wooster, Edward Alexander Sivies was born at Williamstown, Victoria on 17 June 1902.
He married Alice Maude Cook (1901-1991) in 1924.

## Football

Originally from the Williamstown Juniors in the Victorian Junior Football Association, Sivies began his senior career at Footscray in the Victorian Football Association (VFA), signing with the club and assuming the full back position in the club's 1923 premiership campaign, in the absence of regular full back Jack Meuleman who missed the season with illness. Upon Meuleman's return in 1924 — and with Sivies not selected in the Footscray list of players for the 1924 season — Sivies sought a clearance to VFL club South Melbourne. It was granted on 14 May 1924. After a single game and less than two months with the club, he was cleared again, this time to VFA club Port Melbourne where he played in late 1924.

## Death

He died at Yarraville, Victoria on 14 July 1951.
# Ted O'Meara

Edward Patrick O'Meara (26 March 1903 – 1 August 1941) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

The son of Cornelius O'Meara (1853-1944), and Mary O'Meara (1866-1940), née O'Sullivan, Edward Patrick O'Meara was born at Toongabbie, Victoria 26 March 1903.

## Football

Recruited from the Leopold Football Club in the Metropolitan Junior Football Association (MJFA).

## Death

He died at East Melbourne, Victoria on 1 August 1941.
# Jacky Harris

Jacky Harris (17 November 1900 – 25 November 1943) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Reg Bennett

Reginald James Bennett (5 September 1906 – 21 July 1989) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Bennett later served in the Australian Army during World War II.
# Clarrie O'Connor

Clarence Joseph O'Connor (13 October 1909 – 21 April 1969) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
O'Connor won the 1936 Riddell District Football League's best & fairest award, the Harry O White Medal, playing for Hesket Football Club.
Hesket FC folded prior to the 1937 Riddell District Football League season and O'Connor played for Woodend in 1937 and 1938, including their 1937 premiership side.
After debuting for South Melbourne in round three, 1939 and playing five consecutive matches, O'Connor returned to Woodend Football Club.
# Steve Stevens (footballer)

Stephen Roy Stevens (5 February 1903 – 22 June 1990) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Hashachar Ha'ole

Hashachar Ha'ole (Hebrew: השחר העולה; "The Rising Dawn") is a brand of sweetened chocolate spread popular in Israel and the Jewish diaspora, and was invented in 1948.

## Etymology

The name Hashachar Ha'ole translates to "The Rising Dawn" or alternatively "The Bright Morning" in Hebrew, in reference to it mainly being used in the morning and spread on something such as on toast, pita, or bread such as challah, or malawach for breakfast.

## History

In 1948, 5 brothers, who were all members of the Weidberg family, started a small factory manufacturing chocolate and other confectionery products including their eponymous chocolate spread, in 1948 outside the city of Haifa. In 1950 Levkowich family joined the company. Seeing a need for a new product in the Israeli market, Hashachar Ha’ole stopped producing their other products to exclusively focus the production of its chocolate spread in 1955, which was 9 years before the similar Italian product Nutella was launched in 1964; possibly making Hashachar the world's first chocolate spread.

## Overview

Hashachar Ha'ole has become one of Israel’s best-known foods. It is even called the most successful chocolate spread in Israel and has become a symbol of Israeli cuisine. There are two different versions of it: halavi (dairy) and parve (non-dairy). This is because Jewish law prohibits mixing milk with meat-based foods, thus the parve version allows kosher-observers to include the spread in dessert after a meat-based meal. For many years, Hashachar Ha'Ole was the only chocolate cream available on the Israeli market. Nowadays you can also find brands like Elite and Nutella. Until the 2010s Hashachar had never been advertised in the mass media. Its original logo has been retained and remained the same since its launch in 1948.

## Varieties

Hashachar Ha'ole is available in a number of flavor including milk chocolate, pareve chocolate, dark chocolate, white chocolate, nougat, halva, chocolate halva, and milk chocolate mixed with tehina among others. It is sold in tubs, individual cups, and tubes. It is also available as a chocolate bar.
# Tommy Carswell

Thomas Henry Carswell (22 October 1901 – 28 June 1964) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Doug Bourne

Doug Bourne (22 December 1908 – 30 July 1980) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Charlie Guyer

Charlie Guyer (17 February 1909 – 3 September 1977) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Allan McCasker

Allan Crombie McCasker (6 October 1902 – 29 July 1983) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the North Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
He later served in the Royal Australian Air Force during World War II.
# Jack Nolan (Australian footballer)

Jack Nolan (14 May 1902 – 28 October 1971) was an Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Nolan was born in Wangaratta and educated at the Wangaratta High School and went onto be a teacher at the Leongatha High School between 1925 and 1928.
Nolan was recruited to North Melbourne from Leongatha in 1926.
Nolan was a brother of VFL players, Clarrie and Leo. Nolan along with his brothers, established Nolan Brothers Sports Stores in Albury, Leeton and Wangaratta, which became one of the largest inland sports depots in Australia.
Jack returned to the North East of Victoria and later played with West Albury.
Nolan later became President of the Albury Athletic Club in the 1940s.
# Bill Johnstone (footballer, born 1900)

William David Johnstone (20 February 1900 – 13 December 1979) was an Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Dave Farrell (footballer)

David Farrell (24 December 1905 – 21 June 1974) was an Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Mowbray Weir

Arthur Mowbray Weir (24 November 1908 – 26 January 1976) was an Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Weir later served in the Royal Australian Air Force during World War II.
# Tom Brooker

Tom Brooker (27 June 1908 – 22 July 1988) was an Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Wally Lathlain

Walter Frederick Lathlain (2 December 1905 – 13 December 1971) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Matt Wilkins

Matthew Alfred Wilkins (14 January 1908 – 5 February 1986) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).