OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adelaide Club

The Adelaide Club is an exclusive gentlemen's club situated on North Terrace in the South Australian capital city of Adelaide. Founded in 1863, the club comprises members of the Adelaide Establishment.

## South Australian Club (1838–1843)

An earlier club with similar aims and membership was the South Australian Club, founded in 1838, which purchased the Victoria Hotel from William Williams on Hindley Street for their premises. Members included Sturt, Morphett and Fisher. Membership was by ballot; joining fee 10 gns., membership 2 gns. per annum. It folded in 1843 after failing financially.

## History and description

The club's headquarters are at the club house at 165 North Terrace in the city centre. The club house was built in the same year as the club's establishment in 1864, after 14 prominent colonists, including John Baker, John Morphett and Arthur Blyth, raised £4000 for the building. The building was designed by one of the founding members, Edward Angus Hamilton, and the club adopted the grass tree as their crest.
The majority of the founding members were pastoralists, with a large number of businessmen, and there were many lawyers and government officials among them. Most were Anglicans.
In 1891 extensive additions were made to the rear. In 1980, the club house was listed on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate. Facilities include a library, mixed accommodation for members and reciprocal club members, dining rooms, billiards room, function rooms and office facilities.

## Equivalent women's club

The equivalent elite club for women, the Queen Adelaide Club, is located a short distance to the east along North Terrace.

## Notable members

Members of the Adelaide Club have included:
* George Fife Angas
* John Howard Angas
* Henry Ayers
* John Baker
* Robert Barr Smith
* Arthur Blyth
* David Brookman
* Roy Burston
* George W. Cotton
* Darcy Rivers Warren Cowan
* Alexander Downer
* Lloyd Dumas
* Thomas Elder
* William Everard
* James Hurtle Fisher
* Michael Harbison
* Edward Hamilton
* Edward Angus Hamilton
* George Hamilton
* Walter Hughes
* Walter Watson Hughes
* Roland Ellis Jacobs
* Philip Levi
* G. C. Ligertwood
* Charles Mann
* George Mayo
* Ian McLachlan
* John Morphett
* Hugo Carl Emil Muecke
* Angas Parsons
* Christopher Pyne
* A. E. V. Richardson
* George Riddoch
* John Riddoch
* Arthur Rymill
* William John Sowden
* Samuel Tomkinson
* William Wigley
# Walt Meinert

Walter Henry Meinert (December 11, 1890 – November 9, 1958) was an American Major League Baseball right fielder who played for the St. Louis Browns in 1913.
# Charles Matthews (baseball)

Charles Matthews (March 11, 1863 – December 26, 1926) was an American Major League Baseball player who played in one Major League game for the 1891 Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association.

## Biography

In his only game, Matthews was the starting right fielder for the Athletics on September 25, 1891, in a home game against the Washington Statesmen. In five plate appearances he went 1-for-3 (a single), was hit by pitches twice, and scored one run, helping his team to a 13-4 victory. Elton "Icebox" Chamberlain was the starter and winner for Philadelphia.
# Orville H. Hampton

Orville H. Hampton (May 21, 1917 – August 8, 1997) was an American screenwriter who worked mostly in low-budget films, particularly for producers Robert E. Kent and Edward Small. A screenplay that he and Raphael Hayes wrote for One Potato, Two Potato (1964) was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.

## Biography

Hampton was born in Rockford, Illinois, and attended the University of Illinois, where he studied chemistry and journalism. After college, he worked as a radio announcer before serving in the Army during World War II. Following the war, Hampton settled in Hollywood, where from 1950 onward he became a prolific screenwriter, scripting or co-writing more than 100 films and television episodes, mainly B-movies and genre films. In 1964, Hampton, along with co-writer Raphael Hayes, received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay for One Potato, Two Potato.
During his long career, Hampton worked on television programs including The Lone Ranger, The Adventures of Champion, Perry Mason (and The New Perry Mason), Hawaii Five-O, Lassie, The Six Million Dollar Man and Mission: Impossible. Though he wrote films and television shows in many genres—including film noir (Motor Patrol), science fiction (The Atomic Submarine), crime fiction (Detroit 9000), horror (The Alligator People), blaxploitation (Friday Foster), mystery (Lady in the Fog aka Scotland Yard Inspector), and westerns (Gunfighters of Abilene)--, Hampton is probably best remembered for his scripts which addressed race relations, particularly One Potato, Two Potato (which depicts an interracial marriage in the 1960s) and his two films with director Arthur Marks, Detroit 9000 and Friday Foster (which starred Pam Grier, Yaphet Kotto, Eartha Kitt, Scatman Crothers and Carl Weathers).
Fellow screenwriter C. Jack Lewis recalled in his 2002 book White Horse, Black Hat, that Hampton used the pen name "Owen Harris" in his later career—when he was a regular writer for Columbia Pictures—in an effort to distance himself from his days a "Poverty Row screenwriter." He remembered Hampton as a writer who "wasn't too proud to work at something else, when necessary", pointing to Hampton's credits as dialogue supervisor, additional dialogue writer, and dialogue director in the 1950s.
Hampton died on August 8, 1997, in Malibu, California.

## Select Credits

* Rocketship X-M (1950) (additional dialogue)
* Lost Continent (1951) (uncredited)
* Outlaw Women (1952)
* Mesa of Lost Women (1953) (dialogue supervisor, uncredited writer)
* Lady in the Fog aka Scotland Yard Inspector (1952)
* The Big Chase (1954)
* New Orleans Uncensored (1955)
* The Three Outlaws (1956)
* Untamed Mistress (1956)
* Submarine Seahawk (1958)
* The Alligator People (1959)
* The Atomic Submarine (1959)
* A Dog's Best Friend (1960)
* The Flight that Disappeared (1961)
* Gunfighters of Abilene (1960)
* The Snake Woman (1961)
* The Underwater City (1962)
* Jack the Giant Killer (1962)
* One Potato, Two Potato (1965)
* The Young Runaways (1968)
* Detroit 9000 (1973)
* Friday Foster (1975)
* Fantasy Island (1978) (TV series)
# Artemisia arborescens

Artemisia arborescens, the tree wormwood, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to the Mediterranean region. It is an erect evergreen perennial, with masses of finely-divided aromatic silvery-white leaves and single-sided sprays of yellow daisy-like flowers. This plant is cultivated for its foliage effects, but in colder temperate regions it requires the protection of a wall.
The specific epithet arborescens means "woody" or "tree-like".
This plant and the cultivar 'Powis Castle' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
'Powis Castle' is relatively compact, and unlike typical A. arborescens, it rarely flowers. It has a strong sweet smell, quite different from that of A. arborescens. It has been suggested to be a hybrid between A. arborescens and A. absinthium, but is probably a form from the Middle East where arborescems and absinthium appear to intergrade. The original source is unknown, but British gardener Jim Hancock took a cutting of a plant that he found growing during a garden visit in Yorkshire c1968, and took it to Powis Castle when he became Head Gardener there in 1972. It was later named from that garden, propagated and sold to promote the National Trust gardens.
This plant, like others of the genus Artemisia, yields essential oils which have historically been used for various medicinal purposes, and its pharmacological properties are under investigation. It also has culinary uses, including as a substitute for or supplement to spearmint in Maghrebi mint tea during the winter (when mint is out of season), imparting a bitter flavor.
# Al-Khurayjah

Khreijeh (Arabic: الخريجة) is a Syrian village located in Barri Sharqi Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Khreijeh had a population of 142 in the 2004 census.
# Fawrah

Fweira (Arabic: فويرة) is a Syrian village located in Sabburah Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Fweira had a population of 244 in the 2004 census.
# Ceraclea

Ceraclea is a genus of long-horned caddisflies in the family Leptoceridae. There are more than 140 described species in Ceraclea.
# Novelty effect

The novelty effect is an effect of introducing new elements on some activity or behavior.

## In performance

In the context of human performance, is the tendency for performance to initially improve when new technology is instituted, not because of any actual improvement in learning or achievement, but in response to increased interest in the new technology.
The Metropolitan Education and Research Consortium of the Virginia Commonwealth University states, "While it is possible that higher attention spans can be attributed to novelty effect, even after the initial novelty wears off, the level of interest in the automated workbook is still greater than that in the regular workbook. The increased attention by students sometimes results in increased effort or persistence, which yields achievement gains. If they are due to a novelty effect, these gains tend to diminish as students become more familiar with the new medium. This was the case in reviews of computer-assisted instruction at the secondary school level, grades 6 to 12".

## In psychology

The novelty effect is the tendency for an individual to have the strongest stress response the first time that individual is faced with a potentially threatening experience. Over time, as the novelty wears off, the stress response decreases. This is a threat to external validity when individuals participating in a research study (a novel situation) perceive and respond differently than they would in the normal real world.
# Yngwin

Yngwin ("Yngve") was, according to Gesta Danorum, a king in Götaland, who was a close friend to one of the Danish kings named Halfdan.
This Danish king had no sons, so he left his treasures and his kingdom to Yngwin. Yngwin then moved to Denmark, and ruled the kingdom for a while, until he was slain by a competitor to the throne, by the name Ragnald.
Yngwin had a son named Siwald, who became king in Denmark after him. Then Siwald's son, Sigar, took the throne after him. Sigar had three sons. One of his sons was Alf, who went aviking. On a raiding tour to Finland, he met Alfhild, the daughter of king Siward, in Götaland. Alfhild had her own fleet of Viking ships, some of them staffed with maidens. Alf and Alfhild later married, and they had a daughter, named Gurid.
In a war fought against a revolting Danish Viking clan, Sigar, Alf and Alf's brothers were killed, while defending their Danish subjects. At the end of the war, Alf's comrade, Borgar, arrived with fresh cavalry from Scania, and slew all the enemies. But without a king, the country fell apart, and chieftains took control of the different parts.
Only Alf's daughter, Gurid, had survived, of the royal family. She later married one of Borgar's sons, Halfdan, and they had a son, named Harald, who became the new king. Harald restored the Danish kingdom to its former glory and unity.

## Supposed timeframe

According to the details in the saga, this would have taken place in the 5th century. If true, this would explain much of the warm friendship between Hrothgar, king of Denmark, and Hrethel, king of Götaland, depicted in Beowulf, in the beginning of the next century.
According to Saxo Grammaticus in Gesta Danorum, the aforementioned Harald was the famous Harald Wartooth. But that must be a mistake by Saxo, as that Harald lived several hundred years later.
# Umm Khurayzah

Um Khreizeh (Arabic: أم خريزة) is a Syrian village located in Sabburah Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Um Khreizeh had a population of 250 in the 2004 census.
# Bustan Sbeih

Bustan Sbeih (Arabic: بستان صبيح) is a Syrian village located in Uqayribat Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Bustan Sbeih had a population of 214 in the 2004 census.
# Hamada al-Omar

Hamada al-Omar (Arabic: حمادي العمر) is a Syrian village located in the Uqayribat Subdistrict of the Salamiyah District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Hamada al-Omar had a population of 2,056 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are largely Sunni Muslims whose forebears converted from Ismaili Shia Islam.

## Syrian Civil War

On 20 February 2022, 3 Syrian army soldiers loyal to Bashar al-Assad were killed and another was injured after a landmine, planted by ISIL operatives, exploded near the town.
# Jruh

Jruh (Arabic: جروح) is a Syrian village located in Uqayribat Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jruh had a population of 1,223 in the 2004 census.
# Masud, Hama

Masud, Hama (Arabic: مسعود) is a Syrian village located in Uqayribat Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Masud, Hama had a population of 1625 in the 2004 census.
# Owen Bridle

Owen Lawman Bridle (28 July 1910 — 24 April 1983) was an Australian rugby union international.
Born in Exmouth, Devon, Bridle grew up in England but was a product of Melbourne rugby.
Bridle played his early Melbourne rugby for St. Kilda and in 1931 made the Wallabies team for a tour of New Zealand, where he appeared in the match against NZ Maori, which retrospectively became his first Test cap. Although a forward, he possessed considerable speed, helping him to score regular tries. He was the team's second top try scorer on the 1933 tour of South Africa, across 15 tour matches. The following year, Bridle played in a historic first Bledisloe Cup series win for the Wallabies over the All Blacks. He was capped 12 times in total for the Wallabies.
Having trained with VFL club Footscray in 1937, Bridle found himself disqualified from amateur rugby by the Victorian Rugby Union for a year and was unable to make his way back into the Wallabies lineup.
# Tommy Thomas (baseball coach)

Tommy Thomas was the head coach of the Valdosta State University baseball team from 1967 to 2007, leading the team to 34 winning seasons. He had a managerial record of 1,328-825-6, and headed the team to the national tournament eight times, Gulf South Conference titles in 1995 and 2002, division titles in 1983, 2001 and 2003 and a Division II national title in 1979. The 1979 national title was the school's first of any kind. He was the first and only Division II coach to reach 1,200 wins.
In 2016, Thomas was inducted into the National College Baseball Hall of Fame.
Major league baseball players Sam Bowen, Jason Bulger, and Scott MacRae all played under his tutelage.
# Podocarpus neriifolius

Podocarpus neriifolius is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. It ranges from Nepal, eastern India, and Bangladesh through parts of Indochina (Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam) and Malesia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi, and the Philippines).$^{:400–401}$
Previously the species was thought to range eastwards as far as Fiji. David J. de Laubenfels identified the eastern populations from New Guinea to Fiji as a separate species, Podocarpus idenburgensis, distinguished by narrow, acute leaves.

## Botany

It grows 10–15m tall, though very occasionally taller, in tropical and subtropical wet closed forests, between 650m and 1600m elevation. In Cambodia however it grows in a dwarf form some 2–4m tall, at Bokor, some 1000m elevation. It can grow in a variety of places like rocky hill-tops, swampy forest, kerangas, on limestone and sandstone soils.$^{:401}$
It has a yellowish wood, used in construction in Cambodia (called srô:l in Khmer), where it is graded 2nd category (not as good as 1st, but above others).
# Mead Township, Pennsylvania

Mead Township is a township in Warren County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,298 at the 2020 census, down from 1,386 at the 2010 census and 1,555 at the 2000 census.

## History

Mead Township was created on June 7, 1847, from parts of Sheffield, Kinzua, and Pleasant Townships. It was named for the early 19th-century settler, Darius Mead.
In the early 1960s, construction began on the Kinzua Dam and a few small communities on the banks of the Allegheny River were evacuated and flooded. The nearby townships of Kinzua and Corydon, having greatly reduced populations, were merged into Mead in 1963 and 1964, respectively.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 85.64 square miles (221.8 km$^2$), of which 78.59 square miles (203.5 km$^2$) is land and 7.05 square miles (18.3 km$^2$) (8.45%) is water. It is the largest township by area in Warren County.
The Allegheny Reservoir forms the entire western border of Mead Township's northern arm.
The Borough of Clarendon is enclaved within the township.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

As of the census of 2020, there were 1,296 people, 612 households, and 364 families residing in the township.

### 2000 census

At the census of 2000, there were 1,555 people, 649 households and 456 families residing in the township. The population density was 19.8 per square mile (7.6/km$^2$). There were 878 housing units at an average density of 11.2 per square mile (4.3/km$^2$). The racial make-up of the township was 99.10% White, 0.06% African American, 0.06% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander and 0.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.26% of the population.
There were 649 households, of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.6% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present and 29.7% were non-families. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.84.
22.3% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 27.7% from 45 to 64 and 16.3% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.9 males.
The median household income was $37,443 and the median family income was $41,875. Males had a median income of $32,109 and females $24,896. The per capita income was $17,792. About 6.5% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.5% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over.
# Matthew Porter

Matthew Sheldon Porter (1858 – September 28, 1906), was an American Major League Baseball player who, for a short time in 1884, managed and played for the Kansas City Cowboys of the Union Association. During his 16 games as manager, his team won three games and lost 13. He inserted himself into the line-up three times, all in center field, and produced one hit, a double, in 12 at bats.
# Paul McCabe

Paul McCabe (born 4 August 1959 in Toowoomba, Queensland) is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played for several clubs as well as representing Queensland in State of Origin series. McCabe was also a member of the 1982 "Invincibles" Kangaroos side, playing in the third Test against Great Britain. His older brother John was also a Queensland representative player in the 1970s who played for the Valley's in the BRL.

## Playing career

In 1981, McCabe was selected to play for both New South Wales and Queensland. He played the first two games of the series for the Blues and the third game, selected on state of origin rules, for the Maroons. He is one of the few Queensland origin players to have previously played for the Blues.
McCabe played for North Sydney, Eastern Suburbs, Manly-Warringah and Balmain before returning to Queensland. He is one of six players to ever represent NSW and QLD in the same origin series, He also represented Sydney City Firsts and Brisbane, McCabe also played origin in 1983 and 1985, but wasn't able to play in 1984 due to injury.

## Personal life

He now is a father of 3, Jacob McCabe (born 1991), Jessica McCabe (born 1992), and Emily McCabe (born 1995).
# Adela de la Torre

Adela de la Torre is an American professor and university administrator who is the ninth and current president of San Diego State University (SDSU). De La Torre assumed office in 2018; she is the first woman to serve in the role.

## Early life and education

Adela de la Torre was born and raised in the San Francisco Bay Area. Her grandparents were immigrants from Mexico, and her mother was a public school teacher. De la Torre attended the University of California, Berkeley, where she received bachelor's and master's degrees in the political economy of natural resources, as well as a Ph.D. in Agricultural and Resource Economics in 1982.

## Career

De la Torre was a professor at California State University, Long Beach, and at the University of Arizona, where she was director of the Mexican-American Studies Center and also served as director of the Hispanic Center of Excellence for the University of Arizona College of Medicine. She later worked at University of California, Davis, where she served as professor and chair of the Department of Chicana/o studies, director of the Center for Transnational Health, and vice chancellor for student affairs. De la Torre was named the president of San Diego State University on January 31, 2018, and assumed the presidency in June 2018.
She writes and speaks about the importance of helping students from underprivileged backgrounds with issues related to student debt. She is also a co-editor of Speaking from the Body: Latinas on Health and Culture, a collection of personal reflections on health care experiences from Latina patients or their family caregivers or friends, combined with professional analysis of the narratives with a discussion of Latina health issues and policy recommendations.
Her primary fields of research include childhood obesity, binational health, science and educational disparities and interventions for Chicana/o Latina/o students. She is a founding member and former president of the American Society of Hispanic Economists. The society honored her with its biennial Academic Achievement Award in 2016.

## Selected publications

* Building with Our own Hands: New Directions in Chicana/o Studies (UC Press with Beatriz Pesquera)
* Moving from the Margins (UA Press)
* Sana: Mexican Americans and Health (UA Press with Antonio Estrada)
* Adela de la Torre; Beatríz M. Pesquera (1993). Building with Our Hands: New Directions in Chicana Studies. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-07090-5. (co-editor)
# Johnny Priest

John Gooding Priest (June 23, 1891 – November 4, 1979) was a Major League Baseball infielder. He played in 10 games for the New York Highlanders over two seasons (1911 and 1912), five of them at second base. During his playing days, Priest held a job of appointment clerk for the United States Department of Agriculture. He received permission from James Wilson to take a leave of absence for playing the C-level Virginia League for the Danville Red Sox in 1910. In 1915, he coached baseball at Gallaudet College.
# Fred Johnston (baseball)

Wilfred Ivy Johnston (July 9, 1899, in Charlotte, North Carolina – July 14, 1959, in Tyler, Texas), was a professional baseball player who played infield for the Brooklyn Robins in four games during the 1924 season. He attended college at Davidson College, North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina.