# Beeper (software)

Beeper is an instant messenger software that enables using a variety of chat services and protocols all from the same application. Originally developed by Beeper Inc, it was acquired by Automattic in April 2024.

## Features

Beeper supports a variety of chat services and protocols, including Discord, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, IRC (via Libera Chat), Matrix, Signal, Skype, Slack, SMS/RCS (via Google Messages), Telegram, and WhatsApp. The app used to support iMessage, but has since been removed due to unreliable performance caused by iMessage's operator Apple. Beeper is built on top of the Matrix protocol and Element application, bridged to the other services.

## History

Beeper was created in 2020 by Eric Migicovsky, Brad Murray and Tulir Asokan as NovaChat. The company is located in Palo Alto, California. Migicovsky was previously the founder of smartwatch company Pebble.
The company renamed the app from Beeper to Beeper Cloud upon launching Beeper Mini in December 2023. It got renamed back into Beeper in 2024.
In April 2024, Automattic, owner of the similar cross-platform messaging application Texts since the year before, acquired Beeper for $125M. The plan is for Texts and Beeper to merge under the Beeper brand.

## Beeper Mini

Beeper Mini was a version of the application focused on supporting iMessage on Android.
In 2023, James Gill – a 16-year-old Saucon Valley High School student at the time – reverse engineered Apple's iMessage instant messaging protocol after inspecting the network traffic generated by Apple Music on Windows and by iMessage on macOS. Gill published a proof of concept called Pypush that reimplemented iMessage in the Python programming language and released it on GitHub. After Gill contacted Migicovsky via Discord in August 2023, Migicovsky hired Gill to apply the implementation in Beeper Mini.
On December 5, 2023, the company released Beeper Mini, an Android app that can send messages through Apple's iMessage instant messaging service. The app was marketed as a way for Android users to communicate with iOS users through chat bubbles that are blue, the color used by Messages – the built-in text messaging app on iPhones – to show texts sent through iMessage. Apple keeps iMessage exclusive to Apple devices and only allows Messages to communicate with Android users through the lesser-featured SMS protocol with texts that are displayed in green chat bubbles, which are disfavored among some iPhone users who perceive them as an indicator of lower social status. Beeper Mini uses a reverse-engineered implementation of the iMessage communication protocol that supports some of iMessage's features, including blue chat bubbles and end-to-end encryption.
Beeper Mini was downloaded more than 100,000 times within two days of launch. After the release, Apple repeatedly blocked Beeper Mini from sending messages through iMessage, and Beeper updated the app multiple times to circumvent Apple's blocks. On December 21, 2023, Beeper issued its last update to Beeper Mini, which requires users to access an iOS or macOS device to enable the app to send messages through iMessage.
At the urging of congresspersons Amy Klobuchar, Mike Lee, Jerry Nadler, and Ken Buck, the United States Department of Justice initiated an antitrust investigation on December 22, 2023 to examine Apple's blocking of Beeper Mini.
Beeper Mini was discontinued in 2024.