OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# V-Moda

V-MODA is a private company that specializes in the design and production of mobile audio products, including headphones, earphones, portable amplifiers, protection ear plugs and accessories.

## Company

Founded in 2004 as an audio manufacturer, V-Moda is one of the first companies to popularize the fashion headphones industry. V-MODA is a professional headphone brand used by DJs and audiophiles.

### History

The company was founded in 2004 by Val Kolton, a professional DJ and producer. He originally focused on technological innovation and new patents to develop the "Kolton Technology" fashion headphone lines for DJs. The products and brand were designed in Italy, in Milan and Venice, on frequent design research trips. In 2006 the firm launched several product lines and became the first high-fidelity fashion headphone manufacturer, with 33,000 units in 11 colors, and the company changed its name to V-MODA.
In 2007, working with Apple, the company released the Vibe Duo product line completely designed for Apple iPhones and iPods. This was the first third-party headphone for the Apple iPhone and iPod.
V-MODA began developing the M series in 2010. 2011 saw the launch of the first M series on-ear headphones, the M-80, soon followed by the M-100 over-ear headphones. Around the same time, the company opened its Hong Kong office to handle logistics, manufacturing and sales for the Asia Pacific and Europe Rrgions. In 2013, Val Kolton moved to Milan and Munich to form V-MODA Milano S.r.l. design studios. V-MODA Milano creates and designs all the products and content for V-MODA worldwide subsidiaries.
In 2016, V-MODA began a partnership with Roland Corporation. In 2019, V-MODA was fully acquired by Roland.

### Locations

The company has offices in Hollywood, California in United States and a design studio in Milan, Italy. Regional offices are also located in London and Hong Kong. The firm assembles custom products in Los Angeles and has factories in Japan and Shenzhen, China. V-MODA has sales channels in Italy, France, Germany, UK, Spain, Switzerland, Belgium, Netherlands, Russia, Hong Kong, China, Thailand, Singapore, Japan, Canada, USA.
# Diabetic cheiroarthropathy

Diabetic cheiroarthropathy, also known as diabetic stiff hand syndrome or limited joint mobility syndrome, is a cutaneous condition characterized by waxy, thickened skin and limited joint mobility of the hands and fingers, leading to flexion contractures, a condition associated with diabetes mellitus$^{:681}$ and it is observed in roughly 30% of diabetic patients with longstanding disease.$^{:540}$ It can be a predictor for other diabetes-related complications and was one of the earliest known complications of diabetes, first documented in 1974.

## Presentation

In the fingers, diabetic cheiroarthropathy can cause such extreme limited mobility that the patient is unable to fully extend the fingers in order to flatten the hand. Typically, both hands are afflicted by diabetic cheiroarthropathy, with most patients finding stiffness beginning in the little finger and spreading to the thumb. Most times, just smaller, more fragile joints are affected by it, with larger joints usually only being affected in patients with more severe or more advanced cases of diabetes.

## Diagnosis

A classic test is the prayer sign which is the inability to place hands together in a praying position with the fingers fanned and to press together the palmar surfaces of the interphalangeal joints and the palms. A tabletop sign is positive in people with diabetes who are unable to lay their palms and the volar aspect of the fingers completely flat on a horizontal surface.

## Treatment

Diabetic cheiroarthropathy can be managed with pain relievers, anti-inflammatory medications, joint and muscle stretching exercises or occupational therapy, and better glucose monitoring and control.

## Epidemiology

Cheiroarthropathy has been reported in over 50% of insulin-dependent diabetic patients and approximately 75% of non insulin-dependent diabetes. Cheiroarthropathy occurs most often among patients with a longer history of diabetes and patients with a history of diabetic neuropathy.
# Al-Rasif

Al-Rasif (Arabic: الرصيف) is a village in northern Syria located in the Qalaat al-Madiq Subdistrict of the al-Suqaylabiyah District in Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Rasif had a population of 1,689 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.
# Glamma Kid

Iyael Lyases Tafari Constable (born 14 March 1978), better known as Glamma Kid, is a toaster and former Royal Air Force trainee of part-Jamaican descent. He had two top 10 hits in 1999.

## Music career

During the 1990s, Glamma Kid was featured on productions by UK producers Mafia & Fluxy. Glamma Kid has performed live with Grace Jones on her hit single "My Jamaican Guy" on UK television for BBC Windrush. In 1997, Glamma Kid appeared on BBC Radio 1 rap show with Tim Westwood. In 1998, he was awarded the Best Reggae Act at the MOBO Awards.
He has had two UK top 10 hits, "Taboo" and "Why". He also teamed up with UK dance duo Basement Jaxx on the song "Fly Life". His song called "Ladies Knight" was a collaboration with UK reggae singer Maxi Priest and interpolates Kool and the Gang's "Ladies Night".
Glamma Kid collaborated on a song with Beenie Man and Jamelia titled "Bling Bling Bling".
Estelle featured on Glamma Kid's "Computer Love".

## Discography
### Albums

* Kidology (2000) - UK #66

### Singles

| Year | Song | UK | FR | NL | NZ | Album |
| 1997 | "Moschino" | - | - | - | - | Kidology |
| 1997 | "Fly Life" (with Basement Jaxx) | 19 | - | - | - | EP3 (Basement Jaxx album) |
| 1997 | "It's Alright" | - | - | - | - | |
| 1998 | "Fashion '98" | 49 | - | - | - | Kidology |
| 1999 | "Taboo" (with Shola Ama) | 10 | 78 | 26 | 22 | Kidology |
| 1999 | "Much Love" (with Shola Ama) | 17 | - | - | - | Much Love (Shola Ama album) |
| 1999 | "Why" | 10 | - | - | - | Kidology |
| 2000 | "Bills 2 Pay" | 17 | - | - | - | Kidology |
| 2010 | "Walking on Air" (with Adele Harley) | - | - | - | - | |
| 2011 | "Informer" (with Lady Chann) | - | - | - | - | |
| 2011 | "System Sheg Up" (Stingray Records) | - | - | - | - | |
# Victor Sheronas

Victor Sheronas (January 1, 1909 – June 8, 1981) was an American sailor. He competed in the 5.5 Metre event at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Elvira Becks

Elvira Becks (born 8 May 1976) is a Dutch gymnast. She competed in five events at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Pierce Wallace

Pierce Wallace, also known as the Georgia Joker, is an American sports fan, television personality and actor best known for being inducted into ESPN's Fan Hall of Fame for portraying the Joker at University of Georgia football games. Wallace was also a contestant on season 3 of FBOY Island and an actor who appeared in the film Hemet, or the Landlady Don't Drink Tea (2023).

## Personal life

Wallace grew up in Valdosta, Georgia as the son of the podiatrist Mike Wallace, and a high school teacher, Carol Wallace. He is a fraternal triplet with brothers Austin and Doyle, and also has a sister, Madalyn. Wallace attended Valdosta High School where he played basketball, was assistant head coach for golf and was nominated for homecoming king in 2012. He graduated high school in 2013 shortly after competing against 15 other students and winning a Scion iQ through VHS and Wiregrass Georgia Technical College's Keys To The Future Program for lack of absences and tardiness. Wallace signed an academic scholarship for the University of Georgia.

### 2013–2018: Georgia Joker

During his freshman year of college at University of Georgia, Wallace was 6'5'' and wore Joker makeup for the Georgia Bulldogs' first game against South Carolina. ESPN tweeted about it and Wallace posted a video of himself impersonating Heath Ledger's The Dark Knight character for the game against Louisiana State University. With more than 85,000 votes, he made it to the top 3 finalists for ESPN's Fan Hall of Fame. In 2014, Wallace was inducted at ESPN headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut. The character was inspired by Wallace's enthusiasm for the Batman franchise.

## Career

After moving to Los Angeles, Wallace became a yoga instructor and was cast in season 3 of FBOY Island. Abbie Smith at The Daily Beacon quoted him and described Wallace as the season's hippie. Wallace was eliminated by Hali Okeowo in episode 5.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2021 | Wild West Chronicles | Ranch Hand | Episode: "Bass Reeves: Trailblazing Lawman" |
| 2021 | Angel Mountain | Ronald | Featuring Caroline Amiguet and Thom Michael Mulligan |
| 2023 | FBOY Island | Himself | 5 episodes |
| 2023 | Hemet, or the Landlady Don't Drink Tea | Howie Stumpp | |
| TBA | The Tonopah Five | Cliff Cody | Series with Lori Beth Denberg and Danny Tamberelli |
# Pozdrav iz zemlje Safari

Pozdrav iz zemlje Safari (transl. Greetings from the Land of Safari) is the third studio album by Yugoslav band Zabranjeno Pušenje released in 1987. It was released through Diskoton in SFR Yugoslavia.

## Legacy
### Screenplay

In 2006, Vladimir Đurđević, a first-year dramaturgy student at the University of Arts' Faculty of Dramatic Arts (FDU), wrote a script based on the "Balada o Pišonji i Žugi" track as part of a school assignment. Though mostly relying on "Balada o Pišonji i Žugi", the script also references other Zabranjeno pušenje songs such as "Pamtim to kao da je bilo danas", "Lutka sa naslovne strane", "Hadžija il bos", "Murga drot", "Guzonjin sin", and "Pišonja i Žuga u paklu droge". Đurđević placed the plot in summer 1990 on the eve of the Yugoslavia vs. West Germany match at the 1990 FIFA World Cup with two lifelong friends from Sarajevo of differing ethno-religious backgrounds and football club loyalties (Pišonja, a Bosniak who's a fan of FK Sarajevo, and Žuga, a Serb pulling for FK Željezničar) trying to get to Dubrovnik.

### Theater staging

Đurđević's script got staged under Slađana Kilibarda's direction, premiering on 20 November 2010 as Zbogom žohari at Toša Jovanović Theater in Zrenjanin. Kilibarda decided to make a few modifications to Đurđević's script, such as placing the plot a year later in summer 1991, the start of Yugoslav Wars.
On 11 March 2012, another theatrical staging premiered at Belgrade's Atelje 212, directed by Vladan Đurković as Balada o Pišonji i Žugi with Milan Marić playing the role of Pišonja, Nikola Jovanović as Žuga, Tamara Dragičević as Amila, Ivan Zekić as Guzonjin sin, and Zoran Cvijanović as Murga Drot. In addition to Atelje 212, the play is also performed at Dadov Youth Theater.

## Track listing

Source: Discogs

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.
# Wal Rogers

Walter Benjamin Rogers (10 May 1889 – 18 July 1965) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# List of judgments of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom delivered in 2023

This is a list of the judgments given by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom in the year 2023.
In 2023 Lord Reed was the President of the Supreme Court; Lord Hodge was the Deputy President.
The table lists judgments made by the court and the opinions of the judges in each case. Judges are treated as having concurred in another's judgment when they either formally attach themselves to the judgment of another or speak only to acknowledge their concurrence with one or more judges. Any judgment which reaches a conclusion which differs from the majority on one or more major points of the appeal has been treated as dissent.
All dates are for 2023 unless expressly stated otherwise.

## 2023 case summaries

Unless otherwise noted, cases were heard by a panel of 5 judges.
Cases involving Scots law are highlighted in orange. Cases involving Northern Irish law are highlighted in green.
| Case name | Citation | Date | Legal subject | Summary of decision |
| Trustees of the Barry Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses v BXB | [2023] UKSC 15 | 26 April 2023 | Tort law, Vicarious liability | The two-stage test for vicarious liability applies equally to cases of sexual abuse. Merely satisfying the 'but-for' test does not suffice to fulfill the second stage, which is the close connection test. In complex cases, it can be helpful to assess whether the outcome aligns with the underlying policy to ensure justice is served. |
| Jalla & Anor v Shell International Trading and Shipping Co Ltd & Anor | [2023] UKSC 16 | 10 May 2023 | Tort law, Private nuisance, Limitation periods | A one-off event, such as an oil spill or a flood, does not qualify as a continuing private nuisance unless it involves repeated activity by the defendant or an ongoing condition for which the defendant is responsible, causing non-stop interference with the use and enjoyment of the claimant's land. The limitation period for filing a claim does not reset daily merely because the effects of the event persist. |
# Art Boyce

Arthur Edward Boyce (August 24, 1888 – October 8, 1959) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. Boyce played for the Montreal Wanderers of the National Hockey Association from 1911 to 1915. His name is sometimes spelled as Art Boyes.

## Playing career

Boyce was born in Kingston, Ontario. He first joined the Wanderers organization in 1908, playing for the Wanderers 'second' team in the Canadian Amateur Hockey League intermediates. He then moved to the Montreal Westmount amateurs for two seasons. He became a professional with the Wanderers in 1911. He was the Wanderers #1 goalie for two seasons, then played two seasons with the Wanderers as the backup.
# Wallace Bryant (archer)

Wallace Bryant (December 19, 1863 – May 2, 1953) was an American archer who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He won the bronze medal in the team competition. In the Double York round he finished fourth and in the Double American round he finished eighth. Bryant was also a famous portrait artist.

## Biography

Bryant was born in Melrose, Massachusetts to Dexter and Dorcas (Hancock) Bryant. He was the second of seven children. He attended the Massachusetts College of Art and Design (then known as the Massachusetts Normal Art School), graduating in 1884. He also studied at the Académie Julian under Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant, Paul Albert Laurens, Albert Francois Fleury, and William-Adolphe Bouguereau.
He married Nanna Matthews Bryant (née Nanna Bolton Matthews) a fellow artist whom he likely met at the Académie Julian, in 1898. They had adjacent studios at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston in the 1890s. The two divorced around 1919; Bryant moved to Washington, D.C. from Boston around that time.
Bryant's second wife was Marjorie Millard Rice (Bryant); they met in New Hampshire and married in 1923 before moving to Rockport, Massachusetts. They had two children, Edward W.M. Bryant and Richard Hancock Bryant.
Bryant's younger brother, George Bryant, was also on the Boston Archery Club team that earned bronze in the team competition. Before the Games, Wallace was a more accomplished archer than his brother; Wallace had won a national championship in 1903. Wallace was also the first president of the Boston Archery Club, created in 1904. George won both individual events at the Olympics, however, and earned four national titles afterwards.
# Aleksandar Kostić

Aleksandar Kostić (born 12 October 1995) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Wiener Neudorf.

## Career
### Early career

Kostic debuted as senior in 2012 playing with Wiener Sport-Club in the Regionalliga where he stayed until 2015 when he moved to same level side First Vienna FC where he played two seasons.

### Rapid Wien

Over 100 appearances in Regionalliga in 5 seasons called the attention of Austrian giants SK Rapid Wien which brought him back in summer 2017. Rapid was a club where he spent much of his youth career, between 2001 and 2010. Rapid´s academy product, Kostic was this time joining the main team and made hid debut with one appearances in the 2017–18 Austrian Football Bundesliga, plus 5 in the first half of the 2018–19 Austrian Football Bundesliga. Simultaneously, he also played with the second team in the Regionalliga where he was much more active making 26 appearances and scoring 8 goals in that same period.

### Radnički Niš

Despite receiving much more playing time in his second year in Rapid, both in main and second team, during winter-break of 2018–19 season Kostic moved abroad to his ancestors' country, Serbia, and signed with top-level side FK Radnički Niš. However, his move didn't go as expected, the club's coach gave preference to other options, and, after ending the season without even debuting in the Serbian SuperLiga, he departed and returned to Austria.

### Blau-Weiß Linz

On 14 June 2019 FC Blau-Weiß Linz confirmed, that Kostić had joined the club on a one-year deal.

### Admira Wacker

Kostić joined recently relegated 2. Liga club Admira Wacker on 13 June 2022, signing a two-year contract. He made his competitive debut for the club on 17 July in an Austrian Cup match against SVg Purgstall.
# Second pledge at al-Aqabah

The second pledge at al-ʿAqabah (Arabic: بيعة العقبة الثانية, romanized: bayʾa al-ʿaqaba al-thaniya) was an important event in Islam where 75 residents of the city of Medina pledged their loyalty to Muhammad as their leader in an oath of allegiance known as a bay'ah. It preceded the Hijrah, or migration of Muhammad and his supporters from Mecca, where they were persecuted, to Medina, where Muhammad became ruler. The pledge occurred in 622 CE at a mountain pass (al-ʿaqabah) five kilometers from Mecca.

## Event

Converts to Islam came from both non-Jewish tribes of Arabia present in Medina, such that by June of the subsequent year seventy-five Muslims came to Mecca for pilgrimage and to meet Muhammad. Meeting him secretly by night, the group made what was known as the Second Pledge of al-ʿAqaba, where the pledge was made. The guarantee of protection led (orientalist)people who studied the language,culture,history or custom of countries in eastern asia and ulema to describe it as the "Pledge of War". Conditions of the pledge, many of which similar to the first, included obedience to Muhammad, enjoining good and forbidding wrong, as well as responding to the call to arms when required.
# Valvata macrostoma

Valvata macrostoma, also known as the large mouthed valve snail, is a species of small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Valvatidae, the valve snails.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the following countries and islands:
* Czech Republic - in Bohemia only
* Slovakia
* Poland
* Germany - high endangered (Stark gefährdet)
* Netherlands
* Great Britain

## Ecology

This freshwater snail lives in marshes and very small canals that have a very rich fauna and calcium-rich water.
Myzyk (2004) described life cycle of Valvata macrostoma.
# Cliff Hutton

Clifford Charles Hutton (27 July 1887 – 31 May 1965) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy and Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

The son of Frederick Henry Hutton (1851-1894), and Arthena Hutton (1859-1944), née Coulton, Clifford Charles Hutton was born in Collingwood, Victoria on 27 July 1887.

## Football
### Fitzroy (VFL)

He made his debut, as one of the seven new players for Fitzroy — i.e., Ernie Everett, Jack Furness, Cliff Hutton, Frank Lamont, Tom Moloughney, Danny Murphy, and Eric Watson — against Melbourne on 29 April 1911.
# Harry Williams (golfer)

Harry Llewellyn Carlington Williams (12 July 1915 – 22 December 1961) was an Australian amateur golfer. He won the Australian Amateur in 1931 and 1937.

## Early life

Williams was born on 12 July 1915 in Elsternwick, Melbourne, the son of Eric Llewellyn Williams and his wife Emma Madge Dagmar, née Halfey. He started playing golf at Elsternwick Golf Club, later moving to Commonwealth Golf Club and to Victoria Golf Club in 1931. His father died of pneumonia in 1933 at the age of 39, and money inherited from his father together with his mother's independent income, meant that Williams could play golf full time.

## Golf career

In August 1931, at the age of 16, Williams won the Victorian Amateur Championship, beating Mick Ryan in the final. The following month he won the Australian Amateur at The Australian Golf Club, beating George Thompson 3&2 in the final. He won again in 1937, on the same course, beating Tom Tanner by one hole in the final. Williams was also runner-up twice, losing to Reg Bettington in 1932 and to Jim Ferrier in 1939.
Williams was runner-up at Metropolitan Golf Club in the 1936 Australian Open behind Gene Sarazen. He was two strokes behind Sarazen after three rounds and had a bad first-nine of 39 in the final round. However he came home in 34 to finish second, four behind Sarazen.
Williams eventually won the Victorian Amateur Championship five times, in 1931, 1934, 1935, 1936 and 1939. He also won the Riversdale Cup three times, in 1930, 1932 and 1934, with Mick Ryan runner-up each time.

## Later life

Williams played little top-level golf after World War II. He died, with his mother, in their flat in East Kew, Melbourne on 13 December 1961. Their bodies were found after the landlady smelled gas coming from the flat. The gas on the kitchen stove was on and his mother had left a suicide note. In 2002, he was named as one of the twelve members of the Victorian golfing team of the 20th century.

## Team appearances

* Australian Men's Interstate Teams Matches (representing Victoria): 1931 (winners), 1932, 1934, 1936 (winners), 1937, 1938, 1939 (winners)
# In the Eye of the Storm (Outlaws album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
In the Eye of the Storm is the fifth album by American southern rock band Outlaws, released in 1979. It is the last album with bassist Harvey Dalton Arnold. Monte Yoho would soon leave the band but return for future releases.

## Track listing

Side 1
* "Lights Are On (But Nobody's Home)" (Darryl Rhoades) – 3:29
* "Long Gone" (Salem) – 4:30
* "It's All Right" (Thomasson) – 3:41
* "Miracle Man" (Elvis Costello) – 3:46
* "Comin' Home" (Jones) – 4:09
Side 2
* "Blueswater" (Jones) – 3:07
* "(Com' On) Dance with Me" (Arnold, Jones, Thomasson) – 2:39
* "Too Long Without Her" (Thomasson) – 4:54
* "I'll Be Leaving Soon" (Jones) – 4:43

## Personnel

* Harvey Dalton Arnold – bass, vocals
* David Dix – percussion, drums
* Billy Jones – guitar, vocals
* Freddie Salem – guitar, vocals
* Hughie Thomasson – guitar, vocals
* Monte Yoho – drums

### Production

* Producer: Johnny Sandlin
* Mastering Engineer: George Marino
* Engineer: David Gottlieb
* Recorded at Quadradial Cinema Recording Studios, North Miami, Florida

## Charts

| Chart (1979) | Peak position |
| Billboard Top LPs & Tapes | 55 |
# Christopher, Washington

Christopher, Washington was a community, north of Auburn in the Green River Valley of King County in the U.S. state of Washington. It was on the west bank of the river. At one time, it had a post office and a school.
A post office called Christopher was established in 1887, and remained in operation until 1917. The community was named after Thomas Christopher, an early settler. The community of Thomas stood nearby.
Christopher is now part of the City of Auburn, located in the vicinity of the present day Auburn Municipal Airport (Washington).