# Gasworks Clauses Act 1847

The Gasworks Clauses Act 1847 (10 & 11 Vict. c. 15) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which consolidated the law concerning the authorisation of gasworks.

## Background

A plethora of acts of Parliament concerning gasworks had been enacted since the start of the commercial operations in the 1800s and 1810s.
In 1847 a government commission was established to examine the system of gas supply. It concluded that there was seldom a benefit to the consumer of limited competition between undertakings.
A bill was introduced to consolidate provisions of all previous related acts into a single overarching act and to enact the recommendations of the commission.

## Provisions

The act limited company dividends to ten percent and codified the rights and obligations of gas undertakings and regulated dividends and prices.

### Provisions

The act comprises 50 sections:
* Section 1: Incorporation with special Act. Gasworks authorised by any Act of Parliament
* Section 2: Interpretation. Acts authorising the construction of gasworks.
* Section 3: Interpretations. Definitions.
* Section 4: Short title of this Act.
* Section 5: Incorporation of parts of this Act with other Acts.
* Section 6: Power break up streets, etc. under superintendence, and to open drains, and to lay pipes, make sewers, erect lamps, etc.
* Section 7: Undertakers not to enter on private land without consent.
* Section 8: Notice to be served on persons having control, etc. before breaking up streets or opening drains.
* Section 9: Streets or drains not to be broken up except under superintendence of persons having control of the same.
* Section 10: Streets, etc. broken up to be reinstated without delay. Roads, etc. to be fenced and lighted while opened; and to be kept in repair for a certain time afterwards.
* Section 11: Penalty for delay in reinstating streets, etc.
* Section 12: In case of delay, persons having control of streets, etc. may reinstate them.
* Section 13: Power of the undertakers to contract for lighting buildings, streets, etc.
* Section 14: Power to undertakers to let meters and fittings. Meters, etc. not liable to distraint for rent, ec.
* Section 15: Undertakers may enter buildings for ascertaining quantities of gas consumed. Penalty for obstructing them.
* Section 16: If rent is not paid, gas may be cut off, and rent and expenses recovered.
* Section 17: Power to take away pipes, etc. when supply of gas discontinued. Undue use of gas.
* Section 18: Penalty for fraudulently using the gas of the undertakers.
* Section 19: Penalty for wilfully removing or damaging pipes, etc.
* Section 20: Satisfaction for accidentally damaging pipes, etc.
* Section 21: Penalty on undertakers allowing washings, etc. produced in making gas to flow into streams, reservoirs, etc.
* Section 22: Penalty to be sued for in superior court within six months.
* Section 23: Daily penalty during the continuance of the offence.
* Section 24: Daily penalty during escape of gas after notice.
* Section 25: Penalty for fouling water by gas.
* Section 26: Power to open ground and examine gas pipes, to ascertain whether water is fouled by gas. Ground, etc. to be reinstated.
* Section 27: Expenses to abide result of examination.
* Section 28: How expenses shall be ascertained and recovered.
* Section 29: Nothing to exempt undertakers from being indicted for a nuisance.
* Section 30: Profits of the undertakers limited.
* Section 31: If profits exceed the amount limited, excess to be invested and form a reserved fund.
* Section 32: Reserved fund not to be resorted to meet an extraordinary claim, except on certificate.
* Section 33: When fund amounts to prescribed sum, interest to be applied to purposes of the undertaking.
* Section 34: If profits are less than the prescribed rate, deficiency may be supplied from the reserved fund.
* Section 35: If profits are more than the amount prescribed, rateable reduction to be made in the price of gas.
* Section 36: Court may order petitioner to pay costs of groundless petition.
* Section 37: Penalty on undertakers for refusing to produce books, vouchers, etc.
* Section 38: Annual account to be made up by undertakers.
* Section 39: Recovery of damages.
* Section 40: Railways Clauses Acts, as to damages, etc. to be incorporated with this and the special Act.
* Section 41: repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1875 (38 & 39 Vict. c. 66)
* Section 42: Acts which may be done by one magistrate.
* Section 43: Penalties, etc. within metropolitan police district.
* Section 44: Persons giving false evidence liable to penalties of perjury.
* Section 45: Copies of special Act. Parliamentary Documents Deposit Act 1837 (7 Will. 4 & 1 Vict. c. 83)
* Section 46: Penalty on undertakers failing to keep or deposit such copies.
* Section 47: Saving as to Metropolitan Paving Act 1817 (57 Geo. 3. c. xxix), etc.
* Section 48: Saving as to rights of the crown.
* Section 49: Saving as to future Acts.
* Section 50: repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1875 (38 & 39 Vict. c. 66)

## Amendments

The act was amended by the Gasworks Clauses Act 1871 (34 & 35 Vict. c. 41)
The act was repealed by the Gas Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 67).