OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ntfombi of Eswatini

Ntfombi (born Ntfombi Tfwala; 27 December 1949) has been Queen Mother of Eswatini since 1986. She was also regent of Eswatini from 1983 to 1986. She is the mother of King Mswati III.

## Early life and marriage

Ntfombi married King Sobhuza II of Swaziland, with whom she had a son, Prince Makhosetive Dlamini.
In 1982 King Sobhuza designated another of his wives, Queen Dzeliwe, as the Ndlovukati to reign as joint sovereign with his future successor. Instead of recognizing one of her sons as his heir apparent, he indicated to his Loqoqo that he wanted Prince Makhosetive Dlamini to succeed him on the throne. In June 1982 he also extended the authority of the Loqoqo, empowering it to act as a "Supreme Council of State", free to appoint an "Authorised Person" to exercise the royal prerogative if a regent was deemed unable to do so properly.

## Regency of Queen Dzeliwe

In the power vacuum that resulted from the death of Sobhuza II, Ndlovukati Dzeliwe became Queen Regent during the minority of the designated heir to the throne, but the Loqoqo, consisting mostly of King Sobhuza's senior relatives, chiefs and advisors, usurped her authority and sacked Sobhuza's prime minister, Prince Mabandla Dlamini, whom Loqoqo members apparently feared would strip them of their new role. Once Prince Makhosetive Dlamini attained his majority and officially became king, his mother would then be expected to be designated as the new Ndlovukati. However, Queen Dzeliwe was placed under house arrest in 1983. Following a 9-day period during which Swaziland was ruled by Prince Sozisa Dlamini, Ntfombi was selected as queen regent.
She was included in Andy Warhol's portrait series in 1985 as one of four Reigning Queens, along with queens Beatrix of the Netherlands, Margrethe II of Denmark and Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.

## Indlovukazi

In 1986, when he turned 18, Makhosetive was crowned King Mswati III. Upon becoming king, as was the custom, he declared his mother to be the Indlovukazi (a title roughly corresponding to queen mother, literally translated as Great She-Elephant) and, as such, joint head of state. As queen mother, Ntfombi is seen as the spiritual and national head of state, while her son is considered the administrative head of state.
# Alexander Hall (Princeton University)

Richardson Auditorium in Alexander Hall is a historic 900-seat Richardsonian Romanesque performance hall at Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey. It is home to both the Princeton University Orchestra and the Princeton Symphony Orchestra.

## History

The name of the hall honors three generations of the Alexander family, who all served as University trustees. Funding for the building was sourced from Mrs. Harriet Crocker Alexander, who donated $350,000 ($11.9 million in 2023 dollars) so its name would honor her in-laws: her husband Charles B. Alexander (Class of 1870), his father Henry M. Alexander (Class of 1840), a University trustee and member of the Committee on Commencement Arrangements, and his grandfather Reverend Dr. Archibald Alexander (the Presbyterian founder of the Princeton Theological Seminary and its first professor; honorary Princeton doctorate 1810).
Alexander Hall was designed by architect William Appleton Potter. Construction on the building was completed in 1894, and Alexander Hall held its first annual Commencement ceremony on June 13 of that year. After the Marquand Chapel caught fire, Protestant chapel services were held in the hall.
Although Alexander Hall initially functioned as a space for hosting private University affairs — including commencement, faculty meetings, and popular talks — the space was renovated and expanded into a professional-class performance hall in the 1980s following a large donation from David Richardson (Class of 1966) and growing needs on campus for a proper performing space. In 1984, the auditorium within Alexander Hall was officially renamed to Richardson Auditorium.
Following its renovation in the 1980s, the hall now has an elevator-mounted orchestra pit, sound reflectors for improved acoustics, humidity-controlled instrument storage, and a Tiffany Glass mosaic named "Homeric Story". Today, the building's turrets, rusticated brownstone, and red granite-walls frequently host concerts featuring ensembles and musicians, including conductor Gustavo Dudamel in 2018 and 2019.
Until 2017, when construction on Princeton University's new $330 million performing-arts center was completed, the Princeton University Orchestra rehearsed in the hall thrice per week during the academic year. Following the opening of the Lewis Center Arts, the orchestra now holds its rehearsals in the 3,500 square-foot Lee Rehearsal Room (built for the ensemble) and moves to Richardson Auditorium on the week of the concert.
Beyond music, the hall maintains a strong bond with the local community as a regular venue for town meetings, and it still occasionally serves as a venue for large student events, famous guest speakers, as well as for other various University affairs.

## Gallery

* Detail of the left portion of the mosaic by Jacob Adolphus Holzer, which features Greek heroes preparing for war.
* Richardson auditorium during a speech by Shirley Tilghman
* Detail of facade with dedication by Harriet Crocker Alexander
* Detail of the sculpture on the facade by J. Massey Rhind
# Lawrence Solum

Lawrence Byard Solum (born 1954) is an American legal theorist known for his work in the philosophy of law and constitutional theory. He is the William L. Matheson and Robert M. Morgenthau Distinguished Professor of Law and the Douglas D. Drysdale Research Professor of Law at the University of Virginia School of Law, where he has taught since 2020. He was previously the Carmack Waterhouse Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center.
# Principality of Eğil

The Principality of Eğil (also known as the Emirate of Eğil, circa 1049–1864) was a Kurdish principality or emirate around the town of Eğil founded by Pir Mansûr (b.989), who conquered the town around 1049. Pir Mansûr claimed to be a descendant of Mohammed and settled in the area from Hakkâri (around Sinjar Mountains) in 1049. His descendants ruled Eğil for nearly eight centuries. During the rule of Emir Muhammed, the principality had expanded southward to Karaca Dağ, Palu and Elazığ northward, Çermik to the west and the area between Hani and Lice to the east.

## History

During the reign of the Marwanids, Kurds from the Humeydiye, Beşneviye and Zuzaniye tribes settled in Eğil changing the composition of the area to the detriment of the Armenian, Greek, and Syriac-speaking population. It was during this period that Pir Mansûr settled in the town of Dicle which was populated by Kurds of the Mirdesan tribe. Pir Mansûr ultimately became their leader due to their admiration of him. Pir Mansûr would also become a murshid, a status his son and successor retained. It was during the next two rulers – Pir Musa, son of Pir Mansûr and his grandson Pir Bedir, that the Principality of Eğil was established. This is attributed to the support received from various tribes including the Mirdesan and their leadership on Sufism.
Pir Bedir's reign was short as he was killed during the Seljuk siege of the territory in 1087. He was succeeded by his son Emir Bulduk who was born after Pir Bedir died in exile. Bulduk's mother died after giving birth and he was raised by the Mirdesan tribe. By the time the Emir of Eğil was Ibrahim the Mirdesan abandoned the title "Pir" for "Emir". After the death of Emir Ibrahim, the principality was shared between his three sons.
The principality and Aq Qoyunlu had friendly relations. The principality was subsequently captured by the Safavids, which then lost it to Selim I. The Ottomans allowed the locals of the principality to govern themselves and would not interfere and it was exempted from the timar system. However, when the Ottomans began losing land on the Balkan peninsula, it started recruiting men from Eğil ultimately ending its special status. In 1864, all of its privileges were abolished and the emirate dissolved.
# Rodolfo Llopis

Rodolfo Llopis Ferrándiz (27 February 1895, Callosa d'En Sarrià, Alicante, Spain – 22 July 1983, Albi, France) was a Spanish socialist politician. He was the General Secretary of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party in exile from 1944 to 1974.
In 1947 he succeeded José Giral as prime minister of the Spanish Republican government in exile. Álvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana succeeded him the same year. Prior to this, from 1931 to 1936, he was a Deputy representing Alicante and briefly Madrid.
During the period of the Spanish Second Republic, Llopis was heavily involved with primary education reforms. His achievements in this role were great and this, combined with his dapper appearance and youth, earned him the title of "the Rudolph Valentino of pedagogy."
# Auchmuty High School

Auchmuty School is a state secondary school in the town of Glenrothes in the Fife council area of Scotland. Opened in 1957, it was the first school for secondary education in the area. It quickly outgrew the original building and additions were added in about 1970. The planning and construction of a completely new Auchmuty High School, beside the old one, began in 2011, with doors opening to pupils in 2013.
With the old buildings remaining in use until the new ones were completed, the construction began on the playing fields beside the A92 and Queensway roundabout. After completion, the old buildings were gradually demolished and new playing fields were put in place, finishing in 2014. Auchmuty's sporting facilities now include 4 floodlit tennis courts, a multipurpose cage including outdoor basketball hoops, 3 full size grass pitches and an Astro turf floodlit football pitch which is used for a wide range of sports. Indoor sporting facilities include 2 small gymnasiums, a multi gym and a full size games hall with electronic scoreboard. The current role is around 1350 which is slightly higher than the recommended capacity for Auchmuty - a new school to replace the other two high schools in Glenrothes is currently being discussed.

## Notable alumni

* Joan Ingram – broadcaster
* Dougray Scott – actor
* Mark Hirst – editor-in-chief
* Kevin McHattie – professional footballer

## Head teachers

| Name | Began | Ended |
| David Thomson | 1957 | |
| Jim Cormie | | |
| Donald Robertson | | |
| John Alford | | 1977 |
| Graham Garvie | 1977 | 1990 |
| Alex Kelly | 1990 | 2005 |
| David Wilson | 2006 | 2009 |
| Alan Pithie | 2010 | 2021 |
| Pam Davie | 2021 | Present |
David Wilson resigned in February 2009, after being arrested in December 2008 on charges of possession of child pornography. He pleaded guilty to the charges in October 2009. There is no evidence that any pupils from the school were involved.
# Chrystal Belle Scrodd

Chrystal Belle Scrodd is the stage name and solo musical project of Diana Rogerson, an occasional member and associate of British experimental group Nurse With Wound.
Scrodd's first album, The Inevitable Chrystal Belle Scrodd Record, was released on the United Dairies label in 1985 and featured contributions from Steven Stapleton of Nurse With Wound, Robert Haigh and Karl Blake, among others. A second album, Belle de Jour, was released in 1986.
The 1993 compilation Beastings collects tracks from both releases, and the 1999 Nurse With Wound compilation The Swinging Reflective collects three of these recordings (credited to Diana Rogerson).
# Gene Norman Presents the Original Gerry Mulligan Tentet and Quartet

Gene Norman Presents the Original Gerry Mulligan Tentet and Quartet is a compilation album by saxophonist and bandleader Gerry Mulligan featuring performances recorded in 1953 and originally released as two 10 inch LPs, one on the Gene Norman Presents label and one on Capitol.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Allmusic review by Gregg Juke observed "For those interested in the '50s West Coast scene, or new fans looking for quintessential Gerry Mulligan, look no further than Tentet and Quartet".

## Track listing

All compositions by Gerry Mulligan except where noted.
* "Westwood Walk" - 2:33
* "Simbah" - 2:57
* "Walkin' Shoes" - 3:37
* "Rocker" - 2:27
* "A Ballad" - 2:53
* "Taking a Chance on Love" (Vernon Duke, Ted Fetter, John La Touche) - 2:50
* "Flash" - 3:14
* "Ontet" - 3:14
* "Varsity Drag" (Ray Henderson, Lew Brown, Buddy DeSylva) - 2:20
* "Speak Low" (Kurt Weill, Ogden Nash) - 2:09
* "Half Nelson" (Miles Davis) - 3:00
* "Lady Bird" (Tadd Dameron) - 4:28
* "Love Me or Leave Me" (Walter Donaldson, Gus Kahn) - 3:25
* "Swing House" - 3:18
Note
* Recorded at Capitol Recording Studios in Hollywood, California on January 29, 1953 (tracks 1, & 3-5) and January 31, 1953 (tracks 2 & 6-8) and in Los Angeles, California on May 7, 1953 (tracks 9-14)

## Personnel

* Gerry Mulligan - baritone saxophone, piano
* Chet Baker (tracks 1-14), Pete Candoli (tracks 1-8) - trumpet
* Bob Enevoldsen - valve trombone (tracks 1-8)
* John Graas - French horn (tracks 1-8)
* Ray Siegel - tuba (tracks 1-8)
* Bud Shank - alto saxophone (tracks 1-8)
* Don Davidson - baritone saxophone (tracks 1-8)
* Joe Mondragon (tracks 1-8), Carson Smith (tracks 9-14) - bass
* Larry Bunker (tracks 2 & 6-14), Chico Hamilton (tracks 1 & 3-5) - drums
# Yeji (disambiguation)

Yeji is a town in Ghana.
Yeji may also refer to:
* Yeji, Lu'an, a district in China
* Yeji (singer), South Korean singer born 2000
* Ye-ji (name), a Korean female given name and a list of notable people with the name
# Amy Parmenter

Amy Parmenter (born 1 August 1997) is an Australian netball player in the Suncorp Super Netball league, playing as the Captain for Melbourne Mavericks, for which she also serves as the club's Australian Netball Players’ Association delegate.
Parmenter was elevated to the Giants senior ahead of the 2019 season, having been a training partner with Canberra Giants in the Australian Netball League for the previous two years. Before her time in the ANL, Parmenter represented Netball New South Wales and Australia at under 17/19 levels. Parmenter had an outstanding debut season at the Giants, recording the most intercepts of any midcourter in the competition and ending the year by being awarded the Rising Star award.
# Ganiec

Ganiec (German: Gahnz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamień Pomorski, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-east of Kamień Pomorski and 56 km (35 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
The village has a population of 10.
# Savannah Township, Butler County, Nebraska

Savannah Township is one of seventeen townships in Butler County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 546 at the 2020 census. A 2021 estimate placed the township's population at 549.
The Village of Bellwood lies within the Township.
# Cardites antiquatus

Cardites antiquatus is a species of marine bivalve molluscs, in the family Carditidae.

## Description

Cardites antiquatus has a shell reaching a size of 20–30 millimetres (0.79–1.18 in).
Right and left valve of the same specimen:
* Right valve
* Left valve

## Distribution and habitat

This species is native to the Mediterranean Sea. It lives in muddy and sandy seabed at depths of 5 to 45 m.
# Fifth year

Fifth Year refers to the fifth year of schooling in secondary schools in Scotland and Ireland. It was also the traditional term for the same year group in England and Wales, until about 1990 when most schools replaced it with Year Eleven and Year Twelve. It is also equivalent to 11th grade.

## Scotland

In Scotland this is also known as S5. During this year pupils will generally sit Higher exams, essential for entry to a Scottish university. Other exams that can be taken are National 5's and National 4's. Fifth Year is now an "optional" year which pupils choose to remain at school to be part of unless the student would enter the fifth year at an age less than 16 in which case they are required to stay on until the end of the winter term. Most pupils are 16 or 17 years of age by the end of their Fifth Year.
Fifth Year is commonly known to be the most stressful school year in the Scottish education system due to the great increase in difficulty of the courses being taken as well as the increase the amount of work required to be completed.

## Ireland

Fifth year is the first mandatory year of the Leaving Certificate cycle. It is usually preceded by the optional Transition Year. Most pupils are 17 or 18 years of age by the end of their Fifth Year. Many secondary schools have Summer exams at the end of Fifth Year to test the student on what they have learned throughout the year. Fifth year requires students to work more independently and requires more responsibility than in the Junior Certificate cycle. This is the penultimate year in their schooling.
| Preceded byFourth year | Fifth year 15.5–17 | Succeeded bySixth year |
# NAHC

NAHC may refer to:
* National Aboriginal Hockey Championships
* National Association for Home Care & Hospice
* National Association of Housing Cooperatives, an organization in the United States
* Native American Health Center, a California non-profit
* Native American Heritage Commission, a California state agency
# Leonard O'Brien

Leonard Francis "Mike" O'Brien (January 20, 1904 – March 30, 1939) was an American field hockey player who won the team bronze in the 1932 Summer Olympics, and was a player-manager during the 1936 Summer Olympics. He went on to become an investment broker in Boston.

## Early life and education

Born in North Adams, Massachusetts, he attended Drury High School where he was captain of the baseball team in 1920. After graduating, he went to Williams College, where he continued to play baseball and was captain during his final season in 1925. He had missed an entire year of school due to typhoid fever.

## Athletic career

In 1932, O'Brien was a member of the United States men's field hockey team, which won the bronze medal.
In 1934, he was appointed to the American Olympic committee, in recognition of the role he played as secretary and treasurer of the Field Hockey Association of America.
In 1936, he was a member of the American field hockey team, which lost all three matches in the preliminary round and did not advance.

## Personal life and death

O'Brien was in an automobile accident and was reported missing on March 30, 1939. His body was found in the Charles River in Boston, Massachusetts over a month later.
# 1993 in Portugal

Events in the year 1993 in Portugal.

## Incumbents

* President: Mário Soares
* Prime Minister: Aníbal Cavaco Silva

## Popular culture

For events in television, see 1993 in Portuguese television.

## Sport

* Establishment of the Campeonato Nacional de Futebol Feminino.

## Notable births

* 17 January - José Sá, association footballer
* 18 January - João Carlos Teixeira, footballer
* 19 January - João Mário, footballer
* 22 January - Alex Marques, footballer (died 2013)
* 26 February - Tiago Ilori, footballer
* 30 July - André Gomes, footballer
* 6 October - Ricardo Pereira, footballer
* 18 October - Ivan Cavaleiro, footballer
* 16 November - Nélson Semedo, Nélson Semedo
# Gary Ireland

Gary John Ireland (born 3 October 1961) is a former Australian cricketer who played several matches for Western Australia in the mid-1980s.
Born in Collie, Western Australia, Ireland made his debut at state level late in the 1984–85 season, playing two Sheffield Shield matches in place of Kim Hughes, who was on national duty. He was a more regular selection the following season, playing in six matches during the first half of the season, but due to poor form was overlooked in favour of Rob Gartrell and Peter Gonnella towards the end of the season. Ireland finished the season, his last at first-class level, with 129 runs at an average of 18.42. His sole half-century (and highest first-class score) was an innings of 50 runs against South Australia in October 1985, which included a 103-run partnership with Mike Veletta.
Ireland played only one further match at state level after the conclusion of that season, a game in the limited-overs McDonald's Cup competition in October 1986. He had been selected on the basis of his form in two trial matches, but scored only 10 runs, and was not selected again. At grade cricket level, Ireland played for the Bayswater-Morley District Cricket Club, captaining the club to a championship. He later played for the Mount Lawley District Cricket Club, also captaining this club.
# Richard McCarthy (cricketer)

Richard Charles Arthur Marum McCarthy (born 21 December 1961, in Geelong, Victoria, Australia) is a former Australian cricketer. McCarthy was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium.
McCarthy made his first-class debut for Victoria against Tasmania in the 1984–85 Sheffield Shield. From the 1984–85 season to the 1989–90 season, he represented Victoria in 11 first-class matches, the last of which came against Western Australia. In his eleven first-class matches, he scored 230 runs at a batting average of 19.16, with a single half century high score of 61. In the field he took five catches.
It was for Victoria that McCarthy made his debut in List A cricket against an England XI in 1985. He played one further List A match for the State against Queensland in 1989.
In 2000, he played his first List A match in eleven years for the Yorkshire Cricket Board against Huntingdonshire in the 2000 NatWest Trophy. He played one further match for the Board in the same competition against Yorkshire. In his four List A matches, he scored six runs at an average of 2.00, with a high score of five. With the ball he took four wickets at an average of 43.00, with best figures of 2 for 46.