OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Halberstadt C.VIII

The Halberstadt C.VIII was a prototype two-seat general-purpose biplane built by Halberstadt during World War I.

## Design and development

The C.VIII was a single-bay biplane of wooden construction with shortened wings, an elongated fuselage and a Maybach Mb.IV engine. Test flights were successful and the C.VIII was recommended for mass production, but the end of World War I meant that the C.VIII remained at the prototype stage.

## Specifications

Data from German and Austro-Hungarian aircraft manufacturers 1908-1918, German Aircraft of the First World War
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 7.35 m (24 ft 1 in)
* Wingspan: 11.985 m (39 ft 4 in)
* Height: 2.95 m (9 ft 8 in)
* Wing area: 33 m$^2$ (360 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 928 kg (2,046 lb)
* Gross weight: 1,363 kg (3,005 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Maybach Mb.IV 6-cylinder water-cooled in-line piston engine, 183 kW (245 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden fixed-pitch propeller
Performance
* Maximum speed: 180 km/h (110 mph, 97 kn)
* Endurance: 3 hours 30 minutes
* Service ceiling: 9,000 m (30,000 ft)
* Time to altitude:
       5,000 m (16,000 ft) in 21 minutes
       9,000 m (30,000 ft) in 58 minutes
Armament
* Guns: 1x fixed forward firing synchronised 7.92 mm (0.312 in) LMG 08/15 Spandau machine gun and 1x flexibly mounted Parabellum MG14 in the rear cockpit
# Celts Campaign Sourcebook

Celts Campaign Sourcebook is an accessory for the 2nd edition of the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, published in 1992. The manual was published by TSR and written by Graeme Davis.

## Publication history

The manual was published by TSR and written by Graeme Davis.

## Reception

Berin Kinsman reviewed the book in a 1993 issue of White Wolf Magazine. He noted that, as a reference, other sources might be more useful, but "[a]s an AD&D supplement, this makes a fair showing". He rated it overall at a 3 out of a possible 5.
# Gmina Brodnica, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Gmina Brodnica is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central [Poland. Its seat is the village of Brodnica, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Śrem and 30 km (19 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań.
The gmina covers an area of 95.86 square kilometres (37.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,644.

## Villages

Gmina Brodnica contains the villages and settlements of Boreczek, Brodnica, Brodniczka, Chaławy, Esterpole, Górka, Grabianowo, Grzybno, Iłówiec, Iłówiec Wielki, Jaszkowo, Kopyta, Ludwikowo, Manieczki, Ogieniowo, Piotrowo, Przylepki, Rogaczewo, Sucharzewo, Sulejewo, Szołdry, Tworzykowo, Żabno and Żurawiec.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Brodnica is bordered by the gminas of Czempiń, Mosina and Śrem.
# Bayerisches Volksecho

Bayerisches Volksecho ('Bavarian People's Echo') was a German language daily newspaper, published from Munich, West Germany between June 1951 to August 17, 1956. Bayerisches Volksecho was the regional organ of the Communist Party of Germany in Bavaria. As of 1955, the newspaper had a daily circulation of around 50,000. Bayerisches Volksecho was banned along with the Communist Party in 1956.
# Tim Grant (rugby league)

Tim Grant (born 17 February 1988) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays as a prop.
He previously played for the Penrith Panthers in two separate spells, and the South Sydney Rabbitohs and the Wests Tigers in the NRL. Grant has played for City Origin, Prime Minister's XIII, New South Wales in the State of Origin series and the NRL All Stars.

## Background

Grant was born in Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.

## Playing career

Grant started his NRL career in 2007. He made his representative début for the City New South Wales team in the 2011 City vs Country Origin match.
Grant was selected to make his début for the New South Wales Blues in the 2012 State of Origin series' second game. He took the first hit-up of the match and was seen as contributing well to the Blues's victory.
Early in the 2014 NRL season Grant was relegated to the NSW Cup and was informed by Penrith to find a new club, despite having two years left on his contract. Although the club later changed its tune, Grant finalised a move to the South Sydney Rabbitohs in April 2014, signing a 4-year contract.
On 8 January 2016, Grant signed a 2-year contract with the Wests Tigers starting effective immediately, after being granted a release from the final 3 years of his South Sydney contract.
At the end of the 2018 NRL season, Grant was released by Wests. Grant then signed a contract to return to his former club Penrith for the 2019 NRL season. In Round 12 2019 against Manly-Warringah, Grant was taken from the field with an injury which was later revealed to be a torn pectoral muscle and was ruled out for the season. On 5 June 2019, Grant informed the Penrith club of his decision to terminate his contract.
On 14 November 2019, it was announced that Grant had signed a contract to join the Thirroul Butchers in the local Illawarra competition for 2020.
# Charles R. Doering

Charles Rogers Doering was a professor of mathematics at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He is notable for his research that is generally focused on the analysis of stochastic dynamical systems arising in biology, chemistry and physics, to systems of nonlinear partial differential equations. Recently he had been focusing on fundamental questions in fluid dynamics as part of the $1M Clay Institute millennium challenge concerning the regularity of solutions to the equations of fluid dynamics. With J. D. Gibbon, he notably co-authored the book Applied Analysis of the Navier-Stokes Equations, published by Cambridge University Press. He died on May 15, 2021.

## Education

He received his BS from Antioch College, 1977; his MS from the University of Cincinnati, 1978; and his PhD from The University of Texas at Austin under Cécile DeWitt-Morette, 1985, in the area of applying stochastic differential equations to statistical mechanics and field theory. His masters thesis was entitled: Generation of solutions to the Einstein equations. His PhD thesis was entitled, Functional stochastic differential equations: mathematical theory of nonlinear parabolic systems with applications in field theory and statistical mechanics.

## Career

In 1986–87, he was a Director's Postdoctoral Fellow 1986–87, Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory; in 1987–96, he rose to Professor of Physics, 1987–96, Clarkson University; in 1994–96, he was Deputy Director of Los Alamos' Center for Nonlinear Studies. He joined the faculty of the University of Michigan in 1996, where he eventually became the Nicholas D. Kazarinoff Collegiate Professor of Complex Systems, Mathematics and Physics and the Director of the Center for the Study of Complex Systems. He was very active in the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Program at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute.

## Honors

Doering received a number of honours including the Presidential Young Investigator Award, 1989–94; Fulbright Scholarship, 2001; 1995; Fellow of the American Physical Society, 2001; the Humboldt Research Award, 2003. He was named Fellow of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics in 2011, a Simons Foundation Fellow in Theoretical Physics in 2014, a Guggenheim Fellowship in Applied Mathematics in 2016, and a Simons Foundation Fellow in Mathematics in 2021.
# Stuart Macdougall

Stuart Grant Macdougall (born 1 June 1947) is a former Australian Rugby Union player who represented for the Wallabies eight times.

## Early life

Macdougall was born in Sydney and attended Newington College (1955–1966). He played his early club rugby with St George.

## Representative career

At the age of twenty-three, MacDougall was selected to represent New South Wales against Queensland. The following year he played in his first test match against South Africa against a back drop of anti-apartheid demonstrations. On this occasion he marked the Springbok captain Hannes Marais. He toured England in 1973–74 and played three tests against New Zealand in 1974. He played his three final tests against England, two at home in 1975 and once on the 1975-76 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland.
His brother Graeme was also an Australian rugby union representative player whose club career was played at St George.
# Grąpa

Grąpa (German: Grumpe) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Manowo, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.
# Grębice

Grębice (German: Johannisberg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świerzno, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Świerzno, 16 km (10 mi) east of Kamień Pomorski, and 69 km (43 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
Before 1637 the area was part of Duchy of Pomerania. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Stan Pilecki

Stanislaw Pilecki OAM (4 February 1947 – 20 December 2017) was an Australian rugby union player. He was born in a refugee camp in Augustdorf, Germany, with his family emigrating to Australia in 1950. He was also an Old Boy of Marist College Rosalie in Brisbane.
Pilecki was the first player to play 100 matches for Queensland Reds, playing 122 matches in total. Pilecki also played 18 tests, and was the first player of Polish descent to play for Australia.
The Pilecki Medal is an award given to the Queensland Reds player of the year each season.
# Gwda Wielka

Gwda Wielka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczecinek, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Szczecinek and 151 km (94 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
The village has a population of 570.
# Góralice

Góralice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzcińsko-Zdrój, within Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Trzcińsko-Zdrój, 34 km (21 mi) south of Gryfino, and 50 km (31 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
The village has a population of 540.
# Górzno, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Górzno (formerly German Göhren) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bierzwnik, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Bierzwnik, 23 km (14 mi) south-east of Choszczno, and 82 km (51 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Akhtarin Subdistrict

Akhtarin Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية أخترين, romanized: Nāḥiyah Akhtarin) is the easternmost subdistrict of Azaz District in the northern Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria, on the border with Turkey. Its administrative centre and largest town is Akhtarin. Its town of Dabiq is notable for the battle of Marj Dabiq in 1516, and its place in Islamic eschatology. Neighbouring subdistricts are Sawran Subdistrict (northwest) and Mare' Subdistrict (southwest), both in Azaz District, as well as al-Rai Subdistrict (northeast) and al-Bab Subdistrict (southeast), both belonging to al-Bab District. To the north is the Kilis Province of Turkey.
At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 39,385.
# Danny Kay

Robert Cecil Kay (16 March 1935 — 5 March 2011) was an Australian rugby union international.
Born in Sydney, Kay was a Victoria-based centre, capped twice for the Wallabies. He made his debut in a win over the All Blacks at Lancaster Park, Christchurch in the 2nd Test of the 1958 tour of New Zealand. An ankle injury cost him his place for the 3rd Test and his second cap came the following year in Sydney against the British Lions.
Kay, a carpenter and joiner by trade, was a solder in the Australian Army with the Royal Australian Engineers. He was involved in operations in Sabah during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation in 1966 and 1967, then served in Vietnam as a staff sergeant in the 17th Construction Squadron between March 1969 and March 1970.
# Gładysz, Gmina Drawno

Gładysz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Drawno, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.
Before 1945 the village was German-settled and part of the German state of Prussia.
# Głowaczewo, Wałcz County

Głowaczewo (German: Klawittersdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wałcz, within Wałcz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Wałcz and 136 km (85 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.
# List of newspapers named Record

Record is a common name for daily newspapers:

## United States
### Northeast
#### New York

* Times Herald-Record, formed from the (Middletown) Daily Record, Middletown, New York
* Columbia University Record
* The Record (Troy) (1896-present), Troy, New York

#### Boston

* The Boston Record (1884–1961), merged into the Record American and eventually the Boston Herald
* Boston Record-American
* The Boston News-letter, and City Record (1825–1826)

#### Pennsylvania

* The Philadelphia Record (1877–1947)
* The Public Record (1999–present), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
* York Daily Record (1796–present), York, Pennsylvania

#### Other

* The Record (North Jersey)

### South

* News & Record, formed from the Daily Record, Greensboro, North Carolina
* Times Record News (1907-present), Wichita Falls, Texas
* Columbia Record (1897–1988), Columbia, South Carolina

### West

* The Record (Stockton, California) (1895–2013?)
* Daily Record (Washington)
* Chico Enterprise-Record (California)

## Europe

* Record, a Portuguese sports newspaper
# Les Austin

Leslie Raymond Austin (born 5 December 1936) was a rugby union player who represented Australia.
Austin, a prop, claimed 1 international rugby cap for Australia.
# Harry Roberts (rugby union, born 1939)

Henry Flexmore "Harry" Roberts (born 27 February 1939) was a rugby union player who represented Australia.
Roberts, a fly-half, was born in Brisbane, Queensland and claimed four international rugby caps for Australia. He represented Terrace Rugby as a 1st XV player from year 10 to 12 (1954–56) including the 56' premiership team.
# Franco Micheli

Franco Micheli was an Italian sports shooter. He competed in three events at the 1920 Summer Olympics. He also competed at the 1906 Intercalated Games.
# Callinectes ornatus

Callinectes ornatus is a species of swimming crab in the genus Callinectes. It can be distinguished from the closely related Atlantic blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) by the presence of six frontal teeth on the carapace, compared with only four for C. sapidus. C. ornatus is also smaller, at a maximum carapace width of only 93 millimetres (3.7 in), compared to 230 mm (9.1 in) in C. sapidus, and is therefore not commercially exploited.
Their shells are light yellow-brown to red-brown in color. The lower tips of the claws are blue. The two spikes on each side of their shells are not as long as in blue crabs. They can be found in the western Atlantic Ocean, as well the Caribbean coastlines. Their diet consists of small crustaceans and small fish. They are also scavengers.
# 48th meridian west

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
The meridian 48° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Greenland, the Atlantic Ocean, South America, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
The 48th meridian west forms a great circle with the 132nd meridian east.
The map indexing scheme of Canada's National Topographic System begins in the east at the 48th meridian west.

## From Pole to Pole

Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 48th meridian west passes through:
    Co-ordinates Country, territory or sea Notes 90°0′N 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿90.000°N 48.000°W﻿ / 90.000; -48.000﻿ (Arctic Ocean) Arctic Ocean 83°41′N 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿83.683°N 48.000°W﻿ / 83.683; -48.000﻿ (Lincoln Sea) Lincoln Sea 82°53′N 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿82.883°N 48.000°W﻿ / 82.883; -48.000﻿ (Greenland)  Greenland John Murray Island 82°46′N 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿82.767°N 48.000°W﻿ / 82.767; -48.000﻿ (Arctic Ocean) Lincoln Sea 82°30′N 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿82.500°N 48.000°W﻿ / 82.500; -48.000﻿ (Victoria Fjord) Victoria Fjord 82°17′N 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿82.283°N 48.000°W﻿ / 82.283; -48.000﻿ (Greenland)  Greenland Wulff Land 60°41′N 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿60.683°N 48.000°W﻿ / 60.683; -48.000﻿ (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean 0°43′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿0.717°S 48.000°W﻿ / -0.717; -48.000﻿ (Brazil)  Brazil Pará Maranhão — from 4°45′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿4.750°S 48.000°W﻿ / -4.750; -48.000﻿ (Maranhão) Tocantins — from 5°14′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿5.233°S 48.000°W﻿ / -5.233; -48.000﻿ (Tocantins) Goiás — from 13°15′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿13.250°S 48.000°W﻿ / -13.250; -48.000﻿ (Goiás) Federal District — from 15°30′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿15.500°S 48.000°W﻿ / -15.500; -48.000﻿ (Distrito Federal), passing just west of Brasília (at 15°47′S 47°54′W﻿ / ﻿15.783°S 47.900°W﻿ / -15.783; -47.900﻿ (Brasília)) Goiás — from 16°2′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿16.033°S 48.000°W﻿ / -16.033; -48.000﻿ (Goiás) Minas Gerais — from 18°27′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿18.450°S 48.000°W﻿ / -18.450; -48.000﻿ (Minas Gerais) São Paulo — from 20°5′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿20.083°S 48.000°W﻿ / -20.083; -48.000﻿ (São Paulo) 25°13′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿25.217°S 48.000°W﻿ / -25.217; -48.000﻿ (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean 60°0′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿60.000°S 48.000°W﻿ / -60.000; -48.000﻿ (Southern Ocean) Southern Ocean 72°32′S 48°0′W﻿ / ﻿72.533°S 48.000°W﻿ / -72.533; -48.000﻿ (Antarctica) Antarctica Claimed by both Argentina (Argentine Antarctica) and United Kingdom (British Antarctic Territory)
# Anti-Indonesian sentiment

Anti-Indonesian sentiment or Indonesiaphobia refers to negative feelings, discrimination and hatred towards Indonesia, Indonesians, and Indonesian culture.

## Origins
### Australia
#### Human rights problem

Amnesty International and Australia government strongly condemned excessive punishment and executions of Chan and Sukumaran. Australians call for Bali boycott to save Bali Nine drug lords.

#### East Timor problem

Despite the Australian government originally supporting Jakarta's policies, the East Timor issue created anti-Indonesian sentiment throughout the Australian community.

#### Papua problem

Some Papuans and their supporters opined that Act of Free Choice did not follow New York Agreement. Even though Western New Guinea was previously part of the Dutch East Indies, they considered the governance of Papua and West Papua by Indonesia "illegal" since then. They demand a fresh independence referendum, however, Indonesia oppresses Papuans who demand independence or referendum.

### Malaysia

Due to the infamous Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation of 1963, and the following up of cultural and political controversies, there is an anti-Indonesian sentiment spreading among the Malaysian population. In 1963, shortly after Indonesia invaded British Borneo, Malayans went into a series of anti-Indonesian protests.
During the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC second round match between two countries, Indonesian fans' violent reaction after the home team suffered a shock 2–3 loss to rival Malaysia, had led to anti-Indonesian to be stemmed again in the game.

### Others

In June 2024, user Indosarang (Love Indonesia) posted anti-Indonesian and Islamophobic comments on the South Korean diaspora forum website Indosarang, causing national outrage.
# Roberto López (rower)

Roberto López (born 31 July 1993) is a Salvadoran rower. He competed in the men's single sculls event at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
# Badische Zeitung

The Badische Zeitung (Baden Newspaper) is a German newspaper based in Freiburg im Breisgau, covering the South Western part of Germany and the Black Forest region. It has a circulation of 145,825 and a readership of 409,000. The paper was founded in January 1946.
In December 2013, a cartoon by Horst Haitzinger [de] published in the Badische Zeitung was selected by the Simon Wiesenthal Center as one of the top 10 anti-Semitic and anti-Israeli slurs of 2013 because it appeared in various newspapers, depicted the Prime Minister Israeli Benjamin Netanyahu as the poisoner of the depicted Peace Doves.
# James Nightingale (rugby league)

James Nightingale (born 25 September 1986) is a former Papua New Guinea international rugby league footballer who played as a second-row forward for the Penrith Panthers in the NRL.

## Background

James Nightingale was born in Penrith, New South Wales, Australia. James' eldest brother Matthew Nightingale (b. 23 July 1981) represented Papua New Guinea, played for the Penrith Panthers, Wests Tigers and the Parramatta Eels.

## Playing career

He was named in the Papua New Guinea training squad for the 2008 Rugby League World Cup. He was then named in the PNG squad for the 2008 Rugby League World Cup.
Nightingale was named as part of the Papua New Guinea squad for the 2009 Pacific Cup.
He was also added as a replacement player in the PNG rugby league squad for the Four Nations tournament in 2010.
# Michael Henderson (rugby league)

Michael Henderson is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. He played in the National Rugby League for the St George Illawarra Dragons and Gold Coast Titans as a prop.

## Playing career

Henderson played for the St. George Illawarra Dragons from 2003 to 2006. He then signed with the Gold Coast Titans and was a part of the inaugural Gold Coast Titans team that debuted on 18 March 2007.
He then broke his leg during a game for the Gold Coast Titans in 2007, but returned the following year and performed well enough to have his contract extended until 2012. Henderson played for the Gold Coast in their 2009 and 2010 finals campaigns.
Henderson played 16 games for the Gold Coast in the 2011 NRL season as the club finished last on the table and claimed the wooden spoon.
Henderson returned to St. George Illawarra for the 2013 season but due to several reoccurring injuries was forced to retire from the NRL after only making one further appearance for the club.
# Heka Nanai

Heka Nanai (born 15 August 1988) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s for Canterbury-Bankstown. Nanai played on the wing or in the centres.

## Early years

Nanai was a graduate of Westfields Sports High School located in Fairfield West. Westfields is a sports school that has produced players such as Jarryd Hayne, Liam Fulton, Krisnan Inu, Luke O'Donnell and Mark Minichiello.

## Playing career

Nanai made his debut for Canterbury against the Sydney Roosters in Round 16 of the NRL season on 2 July 2007. Nanai scored his first try in Round 19 against the Gold Coast Titans.
In 2008, Nanai was Canterbury's leading try scorer with 14 for the season. Nanai then played in the Bundaberg Red Cup for Saint Johns Eagles. In 2014, Nanai played the majority of the season for the Auburn Warriors in the Ron Massey Cup

## International career

On 2 October 2007, Nanai was called up to represent the Junior Kangaroos as a replacement for Jarryd Hayne, who was chosen for the Senior Kangaroos side.