OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Goniometer (audio)

A goniometer is often included in analog audio equipment to display a Lissajous figure which shows the amount of stereo (that is, phase differences) in a dual-channel signal. It allows the sound technician to adjust for optimal stereo and determine the makeup of errors such as an inverted signal. Many goniometers also provide a VU or PPM as a secondary function. A goniometer adapted for surround metering is called a 'jellyfish display'. This term was coined by DK-Technologies A/S from Denmark.

## Function

Its function is to plot a signal on a two-dimensional area so that the correlation between the two axes (audio channels, or phases) becomes apparent.
The channels are plotted on diagonal axes; a left-channel-only signal would form a diagonal line running top-left to bottom-right and a right-channel-only signal would form the opposite diagonal running top-right to bottom-left. A signal on both channels would provide components on both axes and thus expand the plot into two dimensions: a mono signal would produce a straight line angled according to balance; whereas a stereo signal, being asymmetrical, would produce a highly volatile image with a concentration of lines towards the center of the goniometer (see image).
An audio technician would typically begin a session by adjusting the equipment (usually with a 1 kHz mono tone) so that the output produces a vertical plot line. If one channel were phase-inverted, it would result in the plot line being a horizontal instead of vertical, a sure sign of problems. As for mono signals, a half-inverted signal would be reduced to (near) silence.
The persistence of a CRT display is a desired effect on goniometers because the signal display is very dynamic, and the overall shape or envelope of the signal is the object of interest. In fact, good digital and software goniometers provide artificial and even user-adjustable persistence.
The goniometer proves useful because it provides very dense information in an analog and surprisingly intuitive form. From the display, one can get a good feel for the audio levels for each channel and the amount of stereo and its compatibility as a mono signal.
| Degree of correlation | Explanation |
| +1 | Identical signals in both channels. This also creates a mono sound image on stereo devices, as no different signals are reproduced. |
| between +1 and 0 | A (more or less) mono-compatible stereo signal is present. |
| 0 | Signals are very different or one channel is missing. |
| between 0 and -1 | A stereo signal is present that is not mono-compatible. This means that the stereo signal cannot be used as a mono signal and is probably too quiet. |
| -1 | There are identical signals on both channels, but the polarity of the signal is reversed on one channel, e.g. as a result of reversed connection cables in one of the two signal paths. No mono-compatible stereo signal. |
# Minxin Pei

Minxin Pei (Chinese: 裴敏欣; pinyin: Péi Mǐnxīn; born December 10, 1957) is a Chinese-American political scientist. He is the current editor of the China Leadership Monitor. He is a specialist on governance in China, U.S.–East Asia relations, mass surveillance in China, as well as democratization in developing nations. He is currently the Tom and Margot Pritzker '72 Professor of Government and George R. Roberts Fellow at Claremont McKenna College and a non-resident senior fellow in the Asia program at the German Marshall Fund of the United States. He was formerly a senior associate in the Asia Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Pei earned his bachelor's degree in English from Shanghai International Studies University, and a master's degree and PhD in political science from Harvard University. In addition, he holds an M.F.A. from the University of Pittsburgh. He served as Director of the Keck Center for International and Strategic Studies at Claremont McKenna College from July 2009 to June 2019.
Pei has contributed to a number of newspapers and periodicals, including The New York Times, Foreign Policy, The Diplomat, Project Syndicate, Nikkei Asia, Fortune, and Foreign Affairs, and is an opinion columnist of Bloomberg.
In 2008, he was listed as one of the top 100 public intellectuals by Prospect magazine.

## Publications
### Books

* Resources in your library
* Resources in other libraries
* From Reform to Revolution: The Demise of Communism in China and the Soviet Union (Harvard University Press, 1994)
* China’s Trapped Transition: The Limits of Developmental Autocracy (Harvard University Press, 2006)
* The Color of China (The National Interest, March 2009)
* My Trip to Asia (Claremont Book Review, October 2011)
* China's Crony Capitalism: The Dynamics of Regime Decay (Harvard University Press, 3 October 2016)
* The Sentinel State: Surveillance and the Survival of Dictatorship in China (Harvard University Press, February 2024)

### Contributed Volumes

* "When Illusion Meets Reality: The Evolving Relationship Between China and Europe," in: Robertson-von Trotha, Caroline Y. (ed.): Europe: Insights from the Outside (= Kulturwissenschaft interdisziplinär/Interdisciplinary Studies on Culture and Society, Vol. 5), Nomos, Baden-Baden, 2011

### Articles

* The US Is Learning the Wrong Cold War Lessons on China, Bloomberg Opinions, June 24, 2024
* To Beat China, US Should Stop Acting Like China, Bloomberg Opinions, May 30, 2024
* What China Really Needs Is More Bad News, Bloomberg Opinions, February 8, 2024
* Why China Can’t Export Its Model of Surveillance, Foreign Affairs, February 6, 2024
* China’s Hands Are Tied Against Tangle of US Alliances, Bloomberg Opinions, April 16, 2024
# West Papua football team

The West Papua football team is a team from the Indonesian western half of the island of Western New Guinea. It is a member of ConIFA, having previously been a member of the NF-Board. On 23 June 2005, the West Papua national football team played in the 2005 UNPO Cup in The Hague. They played only one match against South Moluccas. They drew (1–1), and South Moluccas won on penalties. West Papuans were listed to take part in the 2006 VIVA World Cup but then withdrew.
The national team returned to action in 2019, playing a friendly against East Turkestan, for the first time after 14 years hiatus. On 25 January 2020, the F.A.W.P. was accepted in to ConIFA as its full member.

## Football Association West Papua

The Football Association West Papua is the football association of West Papua and was founded in 2017.

## Tournament records

| Year | Position | GP | W | D | L | GS | GA |
| UNPO Cup ||||||||
| 2005 | Semifinalist | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
# Day Keene

Gunard Hjertstedt (March 28, 1904 - January 9, 1969), better known by pen name Day Keene, was an American novelist, short story writer and radio and television scriptwriter. Keene wrote over 50 novels and was the head writer for radio soap operas Little Orphan Annie and Kitty Keene, Inc. Several of his novels were adapted into movies, including Joy House (MGM, 1964) and Chautauqua, released as The Trouble with Girls (MGM, 1969).
# China–Libya relations

Chinese–Libyan relations refers to the bilateral relations between China and Libya. China and Libya established diplomatic relations in August 1978.

## Diplomatic relations

The two countries established relations on 9 August 1978.$^{:348}$ Relations between China and Libya have often been difficult.$^{:23}$
In 2006, relations became strained when Muammar Gaddafi was hosting China's foreign minister in Libya to affirm Libya's agreement with the One China Principle while Gaddafi's son simultaneously met Taiwanese President Chen Shui-bian in Taipei and invited him to Libya in an effort to build ties.$^{:23}$
During the 2011 Libyan crisis, pressure from the African Union and the Arab League prompted China to support an arms embargo, travel ban, and asset freeze and to abstain from voting on United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, which established a no-fly zone.$^{:338}$

## Economic relations

In the first 8 months of 2012, Libya was China's 5th largest trading partner in Africa.

## Military relations

In 1970, Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and his Prime Minister Abdessalam Jalloud made an unsuccessful attempt to convince China to sell tactical nuclear weapons to Libya. In a bilateral meeting with Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai, Gaddafi unsuccessfully attempted to convince Zhou to sell him a nuclear bomb. Investigators have found that nuclear weapons designs obtained by Libya through a Pakistani smuggling network originated in China.
On 5 September 2012, Libyan NTC spokesman Abdulrahman Busin, said the NTC has hard evidence that Gaddafi bought arms from China. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Jiang Yu has confirmed arms sales talks with Gaddafi forces, but no arms were delivered.

## Chinese development finance to Libya

From 2000 to 2012, there were 3 Chinese official development finance projects identified in Libya through various media reports. Three batches of humanitarian aid goods were delivered in 2011, an MOU of investment cooperation in the fields of transportation, farming, irrigation, fishing and the textiles, and a US$300 million low-interest loan to the LAP Green Network, a Libyan telecom firm in 2009.
# Cambodia–North Korea relations

Cambodia–North Korea relations (Khmer: ទំនាក់ទំនងកម្ពុជា–កូរ៉េខាងជើង; Korean: 캄보쟈–조선민주주의인민공화국 관계) refers to the bilateral relationship between Cambodia and North Korea (DPRK). The DPRK has an embassy in Phnom Penh; Cambodia has an embassy in Pyongyang. The North Korean embassy is located on Sihanouk Boulevard, Phnom Penh, directly adjacent to the Prime Minister's (Hun Sen) residence.

## History

The relationship started in 1965 when Cambodia's Norodom Sihanouk met Kim Il Sung in Jakarta, Indonesia. After Sihanouk was toppled in 1970, the DPRK continued to support his government in exile. In 1974, the DPRK built a palace for Sihanouk near Pyongyang called Changsuwon Palace. When the Khmer Rouge was removed by a Vietnamese invasion in 1979, the DPRK supported Sihanouk in a new exile government as well as the Khmer Rouge against Vietnam. He regularly resided in the DPRK until 1991 when he became King of Cambodia. When he returned to Cambodia as King, he took a bodyguard of DPRK individuals.
Cambodia has been suggested as an intermediary between North Korea and South Korea. A DPRK trade delegation visited Cambodia in 2011.

## Trade

Cambodia and the DPRK have a small relationship in relation to trade. One major investment by the DPRK in Cambodia is the construction and management of the Angkor Paranoma Museum in Siem Reap, which celebrates the ancient Angkor empire, with the DPRK receiving profits from the museum for the first decade and the second decade, profits would be split between Cambodia and North Korea.
The DPRK also has patriotic restaurants within the country, performances, and a strong diplomatic presence in the country.
# Tahir Aydoğdu

Tahir Aydoğdu (born 1959) is a Turkish virtuoso qanun (kanun) player, musician and lecturer. He is noted for fusing together the qanun and Turkish classical music with western jazz and classical music.

## Early years

Aydoğdu was born in Istanbul in 1959. His music studies began during high school years when he participated in many choruses. His father Gültekin Aydoğdu was his teacher who was also a noted qanun player at TRT Ankara Radio and conductor of the Turkish Fasıl Ensemble. Aydoğdu is a graduate of the Physics Department of the Middle East Technical University (METU) in Ankara.

## Career

After his studies, Aydoğdu started his career as a qanun player in the TRT Ankara Radio Turkish Music Ensemble, a position which he has continued. Aydoğdu has been a member of several other ensembles in his career. He played with the Turkish Music Ensemble of the State Conservatory of Afyon Kocatepe University, with vocalist and bendir player Timucin Cevikoglu. For eight years, Aydoğdu toured the US, Europe and Asia with the Modern Folk Trio (Modern Folk Üçlüsü), representing Turkey. This was followed by his association with Asiaminor Jazz Ensemble. This took Aydoğdu on tours over a 10-year period on musical programmes and lectures during a 10-year tour of Europe and the US. In 1999, he established his own "Ensemble Ancyra", with the objective of presenting various forms of music of the world such as jazz and others.
Aydoğdu participated in several roles of orchestra, dance and music, in many the ballet performances like "Ali Baba & Forty Kharamies" (Ankara State Ballet & Opera Orchestra), Turgay Erdener's ballet "Afife" (Presidential Symphony Orchestra) and "Harem" (music arrangement). On his album entitled Hasret he recorded a version of jazz pianist Dave Brubeck's "Take Five". He is noted for his rendition of Ferid Alnar's "Kanun Concerto", which very few musicians are able to perform.
In April 2008, Aydoğdu played at the Boston Turkish Film and Music Festival with Ara Dinkjian on oud, Ismail Lumanovski on clarinet, and Seido Salifoski on percussion/darbuka.
Aydoğdu has lectured on music in Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover, Kyrenia, METU, Selçuk University, and Gazi University. He received the appreciation prize from the Senate of METU (2001), and is a member of the Budapest-based World Cymbalom Association. His achievements are a subject of master's degree at the Turkish Music Conservatory of the Ege University.

## Music CD/Video releases

His music CD/video releases are:
* "Along the street" (Vienna 1991)
* "Longanova" (Ankara 1997)
* "Cat’s Dream" (Ankara 1998)
* "Yahya Kemal in the music of Cinuçen Tanrıkorur" with the oud composer;
* "Balkanataolia" with the jazz singer Yıldız İbrahimova;
* "From Sufi to Flamenco" with the Dutch guitarist Eric Vaarzon Morel;
* "Afife" Turkish Ballet (2000)
* "Ferid Alnar"
# Japanese School in Bucharest

The Japanese School in Bucharest (ブカレスト日本人学校, Bukaresuto Nihonjin Gakkō, Romanian: Școala Japoneză din București) is a Japanese international school located at 91E Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, Voluntari, Ilfov County, Romania, near Bucharest. Previously it was located in Bucharest proper. The school is affiliated with the Embassy of Japan in Bucharest.

## History

In December 1975, the Japanese community of Bucharest requested that a Japanese school open in their community. In 1977 the Japanese government granted this licence.
The school opened in 1979. The school receives funds from tuition and the Japanese government. As of 2005 the monthly school fee was 270 euros. In order for a student to be eligible to attend, they have to speak Japanese.

## Student body

In 1986 there were 32 students. As of 2005 the school had 21 students. In 2006 there were 20 students, with a class average of 3 per class.
The parents of students tend to be company employees, Japanese restaurant owners, diplomats, and teachers. After the 9th grade students tend to study in international schools in Romania or travel outside of Romania to get a high school education. Minoru Nishida, the school's director, stated in 2005 that the student body fluctuated depending on business opportunities in Romania; in 1986 there was an influx of Japanese businesspeople in Romania and therefore the student body had increased.

## Recreation

This school holds an autumn festival.
# Jakub Wesołowski

Jakub Wesołowski, also known as Kuba Wesołowski, (born 7 May 1985, in Warsaw) is a Polish film, television and theatre actor as well as journalist.

## Life and career

He was born on 7 May 1985 in Warsaw. He is a graduate of the Marie Curie-Skłodowska High School No. 23 in Warsaw, as well as the Collegium Civitas.
Since 2003, he has been playing the role of Igor Nowak in TVN Channel's TV soap opera Na Wspólnej. Between 2008 and 2014, he appeared on historical television series Czas honoru where he played the character of Michał Konarski, one of the Silent Unseens and from 2011 to 2013, he played the main role in Komisarz Alex, the Polish version of Inspector Rex comedy-drama TV series. In 2013, he was nominated for the Wiktor Award for Best TV Actor.
He also participated in a number of entertainment programs such as Dancing with the Stars: Taniec z gwiazdami (2005) and Little Giants talent show (2016). He appeared on the music video to the "Od A do Z" (From A to Z) song by Queens.

## Personal life

In 2014, he married Agnieszka Szczurek with whom he has got a daughter Róża (born 2016).

## Appearances in film and television

* since 2003: Na Wspólnej - Igor Nowak
* 2007: Twarzą w twarz - Paweł "Brazyl" Piekarski (episode 4)
* 2007: Jutro idziemy do kina - Jerzy Bolesławski
* 2007: Dlaczego nie! - Wojtek, Gosia's friend
* 2008: Rozmowy nocą - Krzysiek, Weronika's boyfriend
* 2008: Pora mroku - Michał
* 2008: Niania - Igor Nowak (episode 92)
* 2008-2013: Czas honoru - Michał Konarski
* 2008: 39 i pół - Karol (episodes 8-10)
* 2009: Kochaj i tańcz - Platon
* 2010: Klub szalonych dziewic - Mikołaj Strabużyński
* 2010: 1920. Wojna i miłość - Bronisław Jabłoński (episodes 1–9, 11-13)
* 2012-2013: Komisarz Alex - commissioner Marek Bromski (episodes 1-32)
* 2013: Tajemnica Westerplatte - Bernard Rygielski
* 2014: Sama słodycz - Tomasz Śniadecki (episodes 5, 11, 13)
* 2014: Czas honoru. Powstanie - Michał Konarski (episodes 1-12)
* 2015-2016: Strażacy - captain Rafał Borycki (episodes 1–2, 10-20)
* 2017, 2019: Ojciec Mateusz - doctor Wojciech Schiller, Kobylicka's neighbour (episodes 220, 223, 235, 237)
* 2017-2018: O mnie się nie martw - doctor Kuba Jurkowski
* 2019: Za marzenia - Adam Wierzbicki (episodes 15, 17–21, 23-26)
* 2019: Kurier - General Sosnkowski's aide-de-camp
* since 2020: Zawsze warto - Kamil Michalski vel Radici, Ada's husband
* 2024: Go Ahead, Brother
# RMIT School of Economics, Finance and Marketing

RMIT's School of Economics, Finance and Marketing is an Australian tertiary education school within the College of Business at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT University), located in Melbourne, Victoria. As per their website, the research performed at the RMIT's School of Economics, Finance and Marketing has a focus on business behaviour, economics and econometrics, corporate and digital related finances plus their governance, sports and social marketing and consumer culture.
# Adelheid Maria Eichner

Adelheid Maria Eichner (1762–1787) was a German composer, singer and pianist who was noted during her brief lifetime for her fine three-octave singing voice and vocal technique. She was the only child of bassoonist and composer Ernst Eichner and his wife, Maria Magdalena Ritter. Critics claim her compositions to be more effective instrumentally than vocally. As a composer, Adelheid Eichner had difficulty combining words and music effectively.

## Early years

Adelheid Eichner grew up in Zweibrücken, in the homonymous state. Her father, Ernst Eichner, was employed in the Hofkapelle of Duke Christian IV of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld from autumn 1762 to November 1772. She was taught singing in Mannheim by an elderly Italian castrato of a good school while it is thought her father taught her the piano. At the end of 1773 she and her mother joined her father in Potsdam, in the Kingdom of Prussia. He had travelled to Paris and London to give concerts and had begun his employment in the Hofkapelle of the Prince Frederick William in August 1773.

## Career

From 1773, Adelheid was employed in the Hofkapelle, with her father, as the only German woman singer. She appeared in public concerts in Berlin as the prince's Kammersängerin ("chamber singer") from 1777 and from 1781, at the Berlin Royal Opera. She became a permanent member of the opera from 1782 and sang leading roles in opera seria performances.
Adelheid Eichner first came to prominence as a composer in 1780, when her 12 Lieder mit Melodien fürs Clavier was published in Potsdam. This collection is her only surviving work, and includes one of the earliest Goethe songs, a setting of Jägers Nachtlied. Although highly expressive, the songs are conceived in instrumental terms, with little regard for the natural melody of their texts. Further individual songs were printed in musical almanacs until 1792. Eichner set poems by G. A. Bürger and J. D. Overbeck, as well as those of the Dutch General von Stamford, who from about 1775 until 1786 was a tutor at the Prince of Prussia's court and according to Zelter, was engaged to her.

## Works

Selected works include:
* 2 Lieder mit Melodien fürs Clavier (1780)
* Ich hatt' ein kleines Lammchen nur (1783)
* Mach mir vom Volk (1781–82)
* An die Träume
* Lied eines Mädchens

## Critical response

Eichner received considerable acclaim for her vocal technique throughout her three-octave range. The Freiburg Musikalisches Taschenbuch of 1784 praised her piano playing, claiming that she performed "with the same ease and skill [with which she sings] and particularly with regard to matters of taste in performance, her sensitive father's spirit seems to rest on her".
As a composer, Adelheid Eichner received criticism for her the setting of her words to music. Critics argue her compositions are more effective instrumentally than vocally.
# GT Advance 3: Pro Concept Racing

GT Advance 3: Pro Concept Racing, known in Japan as Advance GT 2 (アドバンスGT2, Adobansu GT Tsū), is a racing game developed by MTO and published by THQ for the Game Boy Advance. It is the sequel to GT Advance 2: Rally Racing, based heavily on the gameplay from GT Advance Championship Racing, and the third game in the GT Advance series.

## Gameplay

The game reportedly mixes the first two games of the series—it has the city environments and paved streets of the first game, but the physics engine is slippery, much like the second, and allows more leeway with collisions, changing the strategy drastically from the original GT Advance. There are 97 cars available, unlocked by playing through each mode, and all are upgradeable. Also added to the game is the "Drift Combo" mode, in which the player needs to chain drifts a certain number of times within a lap limit to unlock a new car.

## Development

GT Advance 3: Pro Concept Racing was first announced in November 2002 to be under development. The following year in February, THQ released updated information regarding the game along with screenshots, showing the game's increased graphical power over its predecessors.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 74/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Famitsu | 29/40 |
| Game Informer | 7.25/10 |
| GamePro | |
| GamesMaster | 82% |
| GameSpot | 8.1/10 |
| GameSpy | |
| GameZone | 7/10 |
| IGN | 8.5/10 |
| Nintendo Power | 3.9/5 |
| X-Play | |
The game received "average" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. GameSpot called GT Advance 3: Pro Concept Racing as a spicier version of the original GT Advance that was released when the Game Boy Advance launched in June 2001. IGN was also positive of the game, but noted that other Game Boy Advance games like Colin McRae Rally 2.0 and Moto Racer Advance have better graphics systems. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 29 out of 40.