OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Crucifixion (Mantegna)

The Crucifixion is a panel in the central part of the predella (see image below) of a large altarpiece painted by Andrea Mantegna between 1457 and 1459 for the high altar of San Zeno, Verona (Italy). It was commissioned by Gregorio Correr, the abbot of that monastery.

## History

The Crucifixion was brought to the Louvre in 1798 and put on exhibition immediately. In 1806 two of the predella panels (the Mount of Olives and the Resurrection) were sent to the museum of Tours. In 1815 the central panel and the two wings were taken back to Italy and exhibited in the city museum at Verona. After 1918, they were returned to the church of San Zeno, where they still remain - though they are not very easy to see. The commission of 1815 charged with reclaiming the works of art taken from the Veneto left the predella panels in the possession of the Louvre and the museum of Tours.
The Crucifixion was in the middle of the predella, exactly in the centre, as may be seen in the full altarpiece image below. Mantegna was striving after an effect of steep visual perspective such as he had already achieved in the Eremitani chapel at Padua. The figures in the foreground, cut by the frame, increase the effect of recession; the vanishing lines of the ground are curved inwards and somehow contracted. The artist's feeling for nature is revealed by the minuteness with which he has represented every detail of the landscape. The accurate delineation of the Roman soldiers' equipment is evidence of an attitude to antiquity unknown in Florence at that period. Florentine artists sought to understand and emulate the aesthetic quality of antique sculpture and architecture, but cared little for historical exactitude, which Mantegna on the other hand pursued with the passionate devotion of an archaeologist. In fact, the Veneto was from the 14th century onwards, the chief Italian centre for the traffic in anticaglie - Venetian towns owned cabinets d'antiquités long before these were found in Florence.

### Predella details

* The central panel (The Crucifixion)
* Detail of the central panel
* Detail of the central panel
# Chrząstowo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Chrząstowo (German: Granzow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamień Pomorski, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Kamień Pomorski and 67 km (42 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.
# Hormuzakia limbata

Hormuzakia limbata is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae endemic to Antalya in Turkey with the Turkish name "Gövrek".

## Description

A distinctive biennial, 5 to 20 cm (2.0 to 7.9 in), hispid, with linear leaves, resembling an Anchusa with red tube-like flowers.

## Range

Endemic to Antalya in Turkey.

## Habitat

Calcareous hills, under Pinus brutia and Cedrus libani, to 1,300 m (4,300 ft).
# Eddy D. Field Stadium

Eddy D. Field Stadium is home of the Pepperdine University Waves' baseball team located in Malibu, California. It was originally built in 1973, but underwent renovations in 1980 and 1999. It now holds up to 2,000 spectators, all box seats. It is well known for its picturesque setting which includes views of the Pacific Ocean, Catalina Island, and the Santa Monica Mountains. College baseball writer Eric Sorenson of CBSSN ranked Eddy D. Field Stadium as the best college baseball stadium in Division I baseball.

## Gallery

* Eddy D. Field Stadium grandstand
* Eddy D. Field Stadium press box
* A game at Eddy D. Field Stadium
* Eddy D. Field Stadium with a view of the Pacific Ocean
# Jazy, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Jazy (German: Jaasde) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dygowo, within Kołobrzeg County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.
It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Dygowo, 15 km (9 mi) east of Kołobrzeg, and 112 km (70 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
# Lee's Lieutenants

Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command is a three-volume work by Douglas Southall Freeman on Robert E. Lee's generals of the Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War. The book provides an understanding of the fundamental aspects of leadership. Former West Point assistant professor Mike Hennelly states that the book provides examples how Lee "was able to build a unified, trusting and motivated command team that came closer to the ideal than most armies in history."
A one-volume abridged version was completed by Stephen Sears and published in 1998. In the introduction, James McPherson writes that Freeman's book was often used as required reading in military schools.
# Malwa (disambiguation)

Malwa may refer to
It may also refer to the following entities in India :

## Central India

* Malwa, one of six historical regions of Hindustan that make up the modern Madhya Pradesh state
** Battle of Malwa, 1738, Mughal-Maratha
** Malwa Express
** Malwa (cattle), a zebu breed
* Malwa Agency, for British indirect rule
* Malwa Subah, Mughal imperial top-level province
* Malwa Sultanate
* Malwa Union
* Malwa Plateau
# Toby Allchurch

Toby James Allchurch (born 1958 in Karachi) is an English former rugby union footballer. Allchurch represented England on the 1979 England rugby union tour of Japan, Fiji and Tonga.
Allchurch matriculated at Hatfield College, Durham in 1977 to read for a degree in General Arts, but was promoted to the Honours Course in Politics and Sociology. He graduated with a gentleman's degree in 1980.
According to Alastair Hignell, in the aftermath of the first match against Japan, Allchurch was involved in a bar brawl after being struck on the head by an ashtray thrown by a drunken Japanese fan. He was named to the bench for the second match against Japan and made his England debut as a flanker against Tonga in the final match of the tour, scoring one try.
Allchurch moved on from Durham to read Land Economy at Downing College, Cambridge, where he played for Cambridge University R.U.F.C. and later captained Rosslyn Park.
# La Coulée, Terre-de-Haut

La Coulée (French pronunciation:) is a quartier of Terre-de-Haut Island, located in Îles des Saintes archipelago in the Caribbean. It is located in the northeastern part of the island.
* This Guadeloupe location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Oenone Wood

Oenone Wood (born 24 September 1980 in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia) is a retired professional cyclist, who commenced her cycling career in 2001 at the age of 21. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.
She was a member of professional cycling Team Columbia Women (USA) and the Canberra Cycling Club, and formerly of the T-Mobile Professional Women's Cycling Team (GER) and Equipe Nürnberger Versicherung. She lives in Merewether, a suburb of Newcastle.
Oenone achieved success as a road cyclist in Australia, including the Bay Criterium Series, and the Geelong Tour.
She had great success overseas, particularly winning stages of the Giro d'Italia Femminile (ITA) and the Points Classification for the Giro d'Italia Femminile in 2004 and 2005, as well winning the UCI Women's Road World Cup series in 2004 and 2005. In the 2004 Summer Olympics Women's Road race she was in the leading group with fellow Australian Sara Carrigan, and when Carrigan and Judith Arndt broke away in the final lap to win the gold and silver medals, Wood had to sprint for the bronze medal with Olga Slyusareva of Russia and Nicole Cooke of Great Britain, coming 4th overall in the race.
She won the Women's Time Trial at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, also winning the silver medal in the Women's Road Race, behind fellow Australian Natalie Bates.
She was the 2004 and 2008 Australian Open Road champion (in the Elite Women's Road Race event).
In 2016, she was inducted into Cycling Australia Hall of Fame.

## Career highlights
### 2003

    UCI Points list – 18th place
    1st, Grand Prix Cavrie (Ita)
    3rd, Flèche Wallonne (World Cup)
    6th, Primavera Rosa (World Cup)
    3rd overall and 1 stage win, Trophee d'Or (cat. 2)
    4th overall, Giro della Toscana (cat. 1)
    7th overall, Castilla y Leon Tour (cat. 1)

### 2004

    1st Overall UCI Women's Road World Cup
    1st 2004 Road World Cup Rankings
    1st Criterium Series Tour Down Under AUS
    1st Australian Open Road Race Title VIC
    1st Australian Open Road Time Trial Title VIC
    1st Road World Cup Geelong AUS
    1st Stage 1 Giro d'Italia Femminile ITA
    1st Points Classification Giro d'Italia Femminile ITA
    1st Overall Geelong Tour AUS
    1st Stage 2 Geelong Tour AUS
    1st Giro Frazioni ITA
    1st Trofeo Citta di Rosignano ITA
    1st Trofeo Museo Alfredo Binda ITA
    1st Souvenir Magali Pache SUI

### 2005

    1st Overall UCI Women's Road World Cup
    1st, Tour du Grand Montréal
    1st, Points classification and Stages 1, 3a and 6, Tour de l'Aude Cycliste Féminin FRA
    1st, Australia Australian Open Road Time Trial Titles SA
    1st, Australia Australian Criterium Title VIC
    1st, Bay Series Criteriums VIC
       1st, Round 2
       1st, Round 3
    1st, Overall Geelong Tour AUS
       1st, Sprint Classification
       1st, Stage 2
       1st, Stage 4

### 2007

    1st, Overall, Tour du Grand Montréal CAN (2.1W)
       1st, Points classification
       1st, Sprint classification
       1st, Stage 4
       1st, Stage 5

### 2008

    1st Australian Open Road Race Titles VIC
# German Taxpayers Federation

The German Taxpayers Federation (German: Bund der Steuerzahler e. V. (BdSt)) is a right-wing association. The BdSt is one of the most traditional lobbying organizations in German federal politics.

## History

BdSt was established in 1949 by Karl Bräuer. It is known for striking actions such as the “National Debt Clock” installed in Berlin’s government district and the “Taxpayers Memorial Day”.

## Purpose

BdSt aims to low taxation and public spending for public service, as well as the reduction of bureaucracy and public debt. Political demands include minimal government and low tax rates for corporations, shareholders and wealthy tax payers.

## Representation

The BdSt presents itself as a representative of the citizens, but is in fact not a representative image of the tax-paying population in Germany: Around 60% of its members are entrepreneurs and companies, another 15% are freelancers.
The BdSt sued against the federal solidarity surcharge (Solidaritätszuschlag). In 2021, only top earners (corporations and shareholders) will pay this. The full rate of 5.5 percent applies to corporate profits of corporations, to share profits and to income from around €110,000 gross. 90 percent of income tax payers in Germany no longer pay the Solidaritätszuschlag at all.

## Cooperation

For many years, the BdSt has cooperated closely with Hamburg-Mannheimer insurance company (Ergo group) in the area of member recruitment. At Hamburg-Mannheimer there are representatives who are exclusively responsible for recruiting members for BdSt and at the same time use this to recruit new customers for the insurance company.

## Personnel

The chairman of the BdSt Reiner Holznagel was a public relations officer for the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania CDU before his involvement with the organization.
AfD politician Kristin Brinker was head of BdSt Berlin from 2012 to 2016 and then founding the Berlin state organization of far-right Alternative for Germany. Rainer Brüderle, FDP politician and former federal minister is president of BdSt Rhineland-Palatinate. Rolf Baron Vielhauer von Hohenhau, CSU politician and manager is president of BdSt Bavaria since 1983.

## Not non-profit

A legal report concluded in 2023 that the organization itself is not a non-profit organization. BdSt is being incorrect treated this way by the German tax office. The report was commissioned by Campact, which wanted to initiate a new debate about non-profit law.

## Reception

The journalist Friedrich Küppersbusch argued in 2021: “The Taxpayers' Association is a lobby made up of the Union and the FDP that wants to implement tax cuts for its members, the majority of whom are very wealthy. He works with fake news, with number tricks, with surreptitious advertising and with contempt for the “stupid, stupid state”.
# Killian Nine

The Killian Nine were a group of high school students at Miami Killian High School who, on February 23, 1998, made a satirical pamphlet called "First Amendment" and passed it out to fellow students. The pamphlet contained poems, essays, cartoons, and writings, several of which were deemed objectionable by the school administration. Included were a drawing of a dart through the head of the school's principal, Timothy Dawson. The pamphlet also contained the statement, "I often have wondered what would happen if I shot Dawson in the head and other teachers who have pissed me off." Dawson claimed that he feared for his life in response to the pamphlet.

## Reaction to the pamphlet

Once school authorities discovered the identities of the Killian Nine, the students were pulled from their classes one by one and threatened with arrest. After the students each gave a written statement, the school security handcuffed them and had them arrested.
The students who were under 18 years of age were taken to Miami Dade County Juvenile Center, and those over 18, were sent to Turner Guilford Knight Jail. All of the "Killian Nine" were booked and fingerprinted. In addition, Liliana Cuesta, who was responsible for labeling the pamphlet "First Amendment" and assembling the pamphlet itself, was subjected to a strip search. The students were suspended for 10 days, and later expelled.
These arrests marked the first time that Florida Statute 836.11 (1945) was applied. The 53-year-old statute prohibited anonymous publication, if doing so "tends to expose any individual or religious group to hatred, contempt, ridicule or obloquy."
Charges were eventually dropped but the ACLU decided to file suit.

## The civil lawsuit

In March 1999, the Greater Miami Chapter of the ACLU filed a suit on behalf of Liliana Cuesta (as well as the rest of the "Killian Nine") in the United States District Court in Miami. The complaint alleged that Miami-Dade County violated Cuesta's First Amendment right to free speech and Fourth Amendment freedom from unreasonable search and seizure under the U.S. Constitution.
In 2002, a federal appellate court found that Cuesta's arrest did not violate her constitutional rights.
# Twilight Fields

Twilight Fields is an album by German multi-instrumentalist and composer Stephan Micus recorded in November 1987 and released on ECM the following year.

## Reception

The AllMusic review by Jim Brenholts awarded the album 3 stars stating "Twilight Fields is a set of smooth, acoustic ambience from Stephan Micus, a master of the craft. He uses flutes, marimbas, xylophones, and ethnic percussion to generate this atmospheric experience."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |

## Track listing

All compositions by Stephan Micus
* "Part I" - 8:35
* "Part II" - 8:00
* "Part III" - 4:35
* "Part IV" - 10:00
* "Part V"- 15:01

## Personnel

* Stephan Micus – shakuhachi, Bavarian zither, hammered dulcimer, nay, flowerpots
# Bryan Egan

Bryan Colden Egan (27 November 1915 – 25 July 1970) was an Australian international rugby union player.
Born in Warren, New South Wales, Egan was the younger brother of Wallabies and Waratahs centre Ben Egan. He attended The King's School in Parramatta and played his club rugby for Eastern Suburbs.
Egan earned state representative honours in 1936 and was one of the Wallabies centres chosen for that year's tour of New Zealand, where he featured in three uncapped matches, scoring a try on debut against Wairarapa-Bush.
A grazier by profession, Egan farmed in Mount Harris near Warren and served in New Guinea during World War II. His son Jack was King's School captain in 1959 and became a well known cricket historian.
# Democratic Union (Morocco)

The Democratic Union (French: Union Démocratique) is a political party in Morocco.

## History and profile

The party was founded by Buazza Ikken in November 2001.
At the last legislative elections, held on 27 September 2002, the party won ten out of 325 seats.
# Staryya Darohi District

Staryya Darohi District or Staryja Darohi District (Belarusian: Старадарожскі раён; Russian: Стародорожский район) is a district (raion) of Minsk Region in Belarus. Its administrative center is Staryya Darohi. As of 2024, it has a population of 19,152.

## Administrative divisions
### Rural councils

There are seven selsoviets in the Staryya Darohi District:
* Drazhnovsky
* Novodorozhsky
* Pasek
* Polozewiczski
* Starodorozhsky
* Shchitkovichi
* Yazylsky
The Gorki selsoviet was abolished in 2013.
# David Jones (Medal of Honor)

David Jones (April 13, 1841 - June 18, 1911) was an American soldier and recipient of the Medal of Honor who received the award for his actions in the American Civil War.

## Biography

Jones was born in Fayette County, Ohio on April 13, 1841. He served as a private with Company F of the 22nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and then moved to Company C of the 54th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment and eventually after his heroic efforts at Vicksburg as first lieutenant in Company I of the 54th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War. Prior to becoming a lieutenant, he was promoted to sergeant sometime in 1864. He earned his medal in action at the Battle of Vicksburg, Mississippi in a forlorn hope attack on Vicksburg with 149 other men on May 22, 1863. In 1865, he married Rosellie A. Smith and made a living in Good Hope, Ohio. Jones and Smith had six children. He received his medal on June 13, 1894. He died on June 18, 1911, as a result of heart failure and is now buried in Good Hope Cemetery, Good Hope, Ohio.

## Medal of Honor Citation

For gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863, in action at Vicksburg, Mississippi.
# Half-title

The half-title or bastard title is a page carrying nothing but the title of a book—as opposed to the title page, which also lists subtitle, author, publisher and edition. The half-title is usually counted as the first page (p. i) in a printed book. The half-title can have some ornamentation of the book's title, or it can be plain text.
The purpose of the half-title page is to protect the full title page and its traditional counterpart, the frontispiece, during the bookbinding process. When the completed interior pages of the book are bound together to form the book block, the half-title page serves as the outermost layer of paper at the front of the book. Several hundreds or thousands of book blocks may need to be moved or stored for a period of time before they are bound into their covers, during which the half-title page protects the more intricately-designed pages that follow from rubbing and dust.
Archaic uses of the terms half-title and bastard title may refer to two separate pages on both sides of the full title page that have been conflated in modern usage. Theodore Low De Vinne distinguished between half-title (by his definition, a "caption title") and bastard title in his series The Practice of Typography, saying:
   The half-title should not be confounded with the bastard title. The half-title follows the title and begins the first page of text; the bastard title, usually a single line in capital letters, precedes the full title, and takes a separate leaf with blank verso.
# TRT Arabi

TRT Arabi, (formerly TRT Arabia; Arabic: TRT عربي / العربية TRT) is an Arabic television channel of TRT, broadcasting to Arabic-speaking audiences in Turkey and the Middle East, 24 hours a day, on subjects, events, and news as well as soap operas from and pertaining to Turkey. It was launched on 4 April 2010.
Turan Kachlakji was appointed director of the channel in March 2015.

## Logo

* 2015 - 2016
* Old Logos
# Gabral, Kohistan

Gabral (also spelled Gabrāl, or Ghabral; from Kalami gha lit. 'Small valley where stream flows') is a village and union council in Swat District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. It is located on the slopes of the western end of the Himalayas, where the Gabral River joins the Utror River, a tributary of the Swat River. Gabral is located at an elevation of 2,286 metres (7,500 ft). It is about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) northwest (by road) from Utror, 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Kalam, and 120 kilometres (75 mi) of Saidu Sharif.
The downtown area is located about 500 metres (1,600 ft) north of the mouth of the Gabral River. The village consists of a few hundred houses scattered along the valley bottom, in a band 200–500 metres (660–1,640 ft) wide, on both sides of the Gujjar Gabral River, starting about 7 km north of the junction, and continuing down the Utror valley until it merges with the town of Utror. The main road of the town runs next to the river and up the valley, for about 14 km. A few farms are seen up to that point.
# Albert de Ligne

Prince Albert-Edouard-Eugène Lamoral de Ligne (12 December 1874 – 4 July 1957) was a Belgian diplomat.

## Early life

Prince Albert was born in Brussels on 12 December 1874 into the princely Ligne family. He was the eldest son of Prince Edouard Henri Auguste Lamoral de Ligne (1839–1911) and Princess Eulalie Marie Sophia Dorothea of Solms-Braunfels (1851–1922). His had been married to Augusta Theodosia Mary Cunyngham (a daughter of Sir David Cunynghame, 6th Baronet), who died in 1872.
His paternal grandparents were the President of the Belgian Senate Eugène, 8th Prince of Ligne and, his third wife, Jadwiga Lubomirska. Through his aunt, Princess Natalie, he was a first cousin of Princess Isabella of Croÿ. His maternal grandparents were the adventurer Prince Carl of Solms-Braunfels and, his second wife, Princess Sophie of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (widow of Prince Franz of Salm-Salm).

## Career

Prince Albert presented his credentials to president on 26 October 1927. He served until 1931 when he was succeeded in Washington, D.C. by Paul May (who died in office on 30 July 1934).

## Personal life

Prince de Ligne was married to Marie Louise Anne Calley Saint-Paul de Sinçay (b. 1885), a daughter of Belgian industrialist Gaston Saint-Paul de Sinçay and his wife, Russian Countess Hélène Bloudoff. Together, they were the parents of:
* Princess Elisabeth Marie Eulalie Hélène de Ligne (1908–1998), who married Count Guillaume de Limburg Stirum, a son of Count Henri de Limburg Stirum, in 1932.
Prince Albert died on 4 July 1957 in Brussels.
# Stowbtsy District

Stowbtsy District or Stoŭbcy District (Belarusian: Стаўбцоўскі раён; Russian: Столбцовский район) is a district (raion) of Minsk Region in Belarus. Its administrative center is Stowbtsy. As of 2024, it has a population of 37,546.

## Notable residents

* Jazep Losik (1884, Mikalajeŭščyna village - 1940), Belarusian academic, leading figure of the independence movement and a victim of Stalin’s purges
# Rhian Davies

Rhian Davies (born 5 January 1981) is an Australian soccer player, who currently plays for Canberra United FC in the Australian W-League.

## National duties

She has represented Australia at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup, 2004 Olympics and the 2006 AFC Women's Asian Cup.

## International goals

| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 23 February 2007 | Zhongshan Soccer Stadium, Taipei, Taiwan | Uzbekistan | 7–0 | 10–0 | 2008 Summer Olympics qualification |

## Fly in, fly out

Davies works in the remote community of Yirrkala, Northern Territory and travels over 3,000 km each way to Canberra for every game.
# Helm (given name)

Helm is a masculine given name which may refer to:
* Helm Glöckler (1909–1993), German racing driver
* Helm Roos (1930–1992), South African Army officer
* Helm Spencer (1891–1974), English cricketer
* Helm Stierlin (1926–2021), German psychiatrist
* Helm van Zijl (1909–1992), South African judge
# Peter Turnbull

Peter Turnbull may refer to:
* Peter Turnbull (RAAF officer) (1917–1942), Australian fighter ace
* Peter Turnbull (author) (born 1950), English novelist
* Peter Turnbull (footballer) (1873–1942), Scottish footballer
* Peter Turnbull (cricketer) (born 1989), Welsh cricketer