OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stephen M. Sheppard

Stephen M. Sheppard (born 1963) is an American professor of law, legal historian, and editor. He is Dean Emeritus, and Charles E. Cantú Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus at St. Mary's University School of Law, in San Antonio, Texas.

## Education

Sheppard received a B.A. in Political Science from the University of Southern Mississippi followed by a J.D., L.L.M., and his doctorate, J.S.D., from Columbia University. He has also received a post-J.D. certificate in International Law from Columbia University and was made Master of Letters by Oxford University.

## Scholarship

Sheppard is a legal historian, with a focus on the development of the common law and of legal institutions, particularly legal education in the United States. His work in the law has been cited by courts including the Utah Supreme Court, (in State v. Reyes, 116 P.3d 305 (2005)) which changed the burden of proof for felonies in Utah citing Sheppard's law review article, "The Metamorphoses of Reasonable Doubt: How Changes in the Burden of Proof Have Weakened the Presumption of Innocence". Dr. Sheppard is credited as the General Editor of a revised edition of the American legal dictionary by John Bouvier, The Wolters Kluwer Bouvier Law Dictionary. As an editor, he has prepared new editions of several law books, including the Opera Omnia of John Selden, Bramble Bush by Karl Llewellyn, and Introduction to the Legal System of the United States by E. Allan Farnsworth.

## Professional career

A member of the State Bar of Texas and the Mississippi Bar, Sheppard is admitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court and the U.S. Tax Court.
Until 2014, he was the William H. Enfield Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of Arkansas School of Law, where he was also the Associate Dean for Research and Faculty Development.

## Sexual Assault Case

On April 12, 2023, Texas Rangers and University police searched Sheppard's office on the campus of St. Mary's University School of Law for evidence in the sexual assault case filed by a student against Sheppard. Sheppard was barred from campus and placed on administrative leave while the investigation took place. After the investigation, Sheppard was reinstated.

## Awards

* Member of the American Law Institute
* Member of the Royal Historical Society

## Publications

* The Selected Writings and Speeches of Sir Edward Coke, Liberty Fund, 2003, ISBN 978-0-86597-316-9
* with George P. Fletcher, American Law in a Global Context: The Basics Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-19516-723-8
* The History of Legal Education in the United States: Commentaries and Primary Sources Salem Press, 2005, ISBN 978-1-58477-690-1
* I Do Solemnly Swear: The Moral Obligations of Legal Officials Cambridge University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-52173-508-7
* General Editor, The Wolters Kluwer Bouvier Law Dictionary: Compact Edition, Kluwer, 2011, ISBN 978-0-73556-852-5
* An Introduction to the Legal System of the United States, Fourth Edition, Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-19973-310-1
# Allan Mennie

Allan Charles Mennie (27 April 1935 – 29 December 2018) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the St Kilda Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# 1987 Athens Trophy

The 1987 Athens Trophy was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Athens in Greece. Further, it was part of the 1987 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held from 5 October until 11 October 1987. Second-seeded Katerina Maleeva won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Katerina Maleeva defeated Julie Halard 6–1, 6–0
* It was Maleeva's 2nd and last singles title of the year and the 4th of her career.

### Doubles

Andrea Betzner / Judith Wiesner defeated Kathleen Horvath / Dianne van Rensburg 6–4, 7–6
* It was Betzner's only title of the year and the 1st of her career. It was Wiesner's only title of the year and the 1st of her career.
# Krešimir Lončar

Krešimir Lončar (born February 12, 1983) is a Croatian former professional basketball player, currently working as manager of sport & scouting for s.Oliver Würzburg of the Basketball Bundesliga. Standing at 2.10 m (6 ft 10+1⁄2 in), he played both the power forward and center positions.

## Professional career

In July 2008, Lončar signed a two-year contract with UNICS Kazan. With UNICS he won the Russian Cup in 2009 and was also named the MVP. UNICS Kazan ended up third in the 2009–10 Russian Superleague season.
In June 2010, he signed a two-year deal with BC Khimki. In his first season with BC Khimki he was selected to play the All Star Game 2011. In April 2011, BC Khimki won the championship of VTB United League and Krešimir was voted the best power forward of the tournament. In June 2012, he extended his contract with Khimki for two more seasons.
On 2 July 2014, he signed a two-year deal with Valencia Basket. He left Valencia after one season.
On October 1, 2015, he signed a one-year contract with the German team Alba Berlin.
On June 29, 2016, Lončar signed a two-year deal with s.Oliver Baskets.
On June 28, 2020, Lončar announced that he will continue to work with s.Oliver Würzburg, as director of sports & scouting personnel.

## Croatian national team

Lončar was also a member of the Croatian national basketball team. With them he played at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing and the Eurobasket 2009 in Poland.
Both at the Olympics and the Eurobasket Croatia ended up sixth. Therefore, they are directly qualified for the 2010 FIBA World Championship in Turkey where Lončar was also part of the Croatian national team.

## Video gallery

* Words in his presentation as a Valencia Basket player.
* Lončar describes himself as a player.
* Lončar talks about the return of Valencia Basket into Euroleague for the 2014/15 season.
* Lončar analyses the team for the 2014/15 season.
* Lončar explains how he decided to join Valencia.
# Miloš Milošević

Miloš ("Mićo") Milošević (born 10 May 1972) is a swimmer from Croatia. His best swimming discipline was butterfly stroke, but he also competed in freestyle and backstroke.
Miloš Milošević was born in Split to an ethnic Serb family. He enrolled in the swimming school of the swimming club "Mornar" in 1980, which lasted four years. At the age of 14, he started competing in youth swimming competitions of SFR Yugoslavia. He won a total of eight gold medals as a junior.
He later moved to Rijeka, to the swimming club "Primorje". As a person of Serb descent, during the Croatian War of Independence he had considerable difficulty trying to compete for Croatia. He missed the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, but his talent eventually secured him a place in the national swimming team. He competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Milošević won his first major award at the 1992 European Championship when he took the bronze in the 50 meter butterfly event. At the 1993 World Championship he proceeded to take the gold in the 100 meters butterfly race. The same year he won the bronze at the 1993 European Championship. In the 1994 World Championships he was fifth in that event.
His best result happened at the 1998 European Championship where he won the gold medal in the 50 meters butterfly, as well as broke the world record, with the time 23.30 seconds. At the European Short Course Swimming Championships 1999 he also won the gold medal in the same event, and silver at the European LC Championships 1999.
At the European Short Course Swimming Championships 2002 he won the silver medal in 50 meter butterfly. He retired from professional swimming in 2004. His personal best in the 50 meter butterfly event was 23.30 (1998), and in the 100 meter butterfly event 52.24 (1998).
He currently is full-time head coach at the swim club in Regensburg.
# Silvijo Petriško

Silvijo Petriško (born 20 November 1979 in Zagreb) is a Croatian rower, who won a bronze medal in the eights competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He was the coxswain of the team, compromising Igor Francetić, Igor Boraska, Nikša Skelin, Siniša Skelin, Branimir Vujević, Krešimir Čuljak, Tomislav Smoljanović, and Tihomir Franković.
# Ivan Mladina

Ivan Mladina (born July 20, 1980, in Split) is a freestyle swimmer from Croatia. Mladina made his Olympic debut for his native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. There he was eliminated in the qualifying heats of the Men's 100 m Butterfly, as well as in the 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay. Four years later, when Athens, Greece hosted the Summer Olympics, Malina was once again a member of the Croatian swimming team, alongside Duje Draganja, Mario Delač and Igor Čerenšek, that did not pass the heats in the 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay.
# Matthew Sniffen

Matthew K. Sniffen was an American activist. He worked for the Indian Rights Association and wrote about issues affecting Native Americans.

## Biography

In 1908, Sniffen testified before the United States Congress about the Crow Reservation having poor conditions, and allegations of corruption and profiteering by its United States Government appointed Indian Agent.
In 1911, he testified at the annual Lake Mohonk Conference. In 1916, he reported on the conditions of the Seminole in Florida and their efforts to secure land from the state.
Sniffen was photographed with George La Vatta in Talmaks, Idaho.

## Works

* Florida's Obligation to the Seminole Indians: A Plea for Justice (1883)
* Observations Among the Sioux
* A Man And His Opportunity (1914)
* The Indians of the Yukon and Tanana Valleys, Alaska (1914) with Thomas Spees Carrington
* A Problem Over Here (1919)
* Oklahoma's Poor Rich Indians, An Orgy of Graft and Exploitation of the Five Civilized Tribes, Legalized Robbery; a report (1924) co-authored with Gertrude Bonnin (Zitkala-Sa) and Charles H. Fabens
# Malcolm Kamulete

Malcolm Kamulete (born 19 August 1996) is a British actor and musician. He is known for his roles in the series Top Boy and Champion.

## Early life

Kamulete was born to Congolese parents who had arrived in England the year prior and grew up in Henniker Point in Stratford. He attended Rokeby School in Canning Town. He played football for Bethnal Green FC and Dagenham United FC as an under-21.

## Career

Kamulete made his film debut as an extra in the Plan B film Ill Manors (2012). From 2011, he played Ra'Nell in the Channel 4 television series Top Boy. Although he received plaudits for his performance, Ashley Walters told radio station Capital Xtra that Kamulete was approached about returning to the show when it transitioned to Netflix, but he wasn't interested and intended to focus on a career in football.
In 2023 he stars as Bosco Champion in the BBC One musical series Champion from show-runner Candice Carty-Williams.

## Filmography

Key :
| † | Denotes works that have not yet been released |
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2011-2013 | Top Boy: Summerhouse | Ra'Nell | 8 episodes |
| 2012 | Ill Manors | Estate background actor | Film |
| 2020 | The Re-Up | Breeze | 1 episode |
| 2023 | Champion | Bosco Champion | Lead role |
# Hyperosmolar syndrome

Hyperosmolar syndrome or diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome is a medical emergency caused by a very high blood glucose level.
The prefix "hyper-" means high, and "osmolarity" is a measure of the concentration of active particles in a solution, so the name of the syndrome simply refers to the high concentration of glucose in the blood.

## Signs & symptoms

Hyperosmolar syndrome may take a long duration (days to weeks) to develop. However, certain signs and symptoms may indicate that such a condition is developing. Some of the signs include the following:
* Excessive thirst despite frequently taking water or other liquids
* Continued high level of blood sugar
* Dry mouth
* Increased urination
* Rapid pulse
* Shortness of breath with exertion
* Skin becomes warm and dry with no sweating
* Sleepiness and/or a condition of confusion

## Diagnosis

Early diagnosis for (diabetic) hyperosmolar syndrome is crucial. Doctors or trained medical practitioners will perform both mental and physical exams, and may ask those present about the patient's medical history. Physical tests will likely include the collection of blood and urine samples to measure blood sugar levels as well as the functioning of the kidneys. These tests will also indicate whether there is an infection. The blood tests allow for the detection of different solutes in the plasma, as well as the glucose levels. Moreover, further laboratory tests will measure ketone levels as an indication of ketosis. A high ketone count found in the urine samples means that the body is sourcing its energy through the burning of fat at a fast rate, turning fatty acids into ketones. High blood sugar levels may cause a decrease in sodium levels, which is another potential indicator of hyperosmolar syndrome.

## Treatment

Emergency treatment can come into effect within hours in case of diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome. Treatment involves intravenous fluids to replenish hydration-reducing plasma, intravenous insulin to lower blood sugar levels, and intravenous potassium and sodium to replace the lost electrolytes which are essential for cell function, as insulin will force some electrolytes into the cell. Any underlying conditions (e.g. kidney disease) will also be treated in order to prevent further occurrences. Following the administration of intravenous insulin, dextrose should be added once glucose levels reach the 250–300 mg/dL target level. It is important to prevent a rapid reduction in osmolality so as to avoid cerebral edema. Dependent on serum potassium levels, a potassium replacement should be administered if sodium levels are maintained.
# The Psychedelic Sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators

The Psychedelic Sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators is the debut studio album by the 13th Floor Elevators. The album's sound, featuring elements of psychedelia, hard rock, garage rock, folk, and blues, is notable for its use of the electric jug, as featured on the band's only hit, "You're Gonna Miss Me", which reached number 55 on the Billboard Hot 100 with "Tried to Hide" as a B-side. Another single from the album, "Reverberation (Doubt)", reached number 129 on the Billboard's Bubbling Under chart.

## Background

The October 1966 back cover of the album uses the words "The Psychedelic Sounds of: The 13th Floor Elevators", which is purported to be the first use of the word "psychedelic" in reference to the music within. Two other bands also used the word in titles of LPs released in November 1966: The Blues Magoos' Psychedelic Lollipop, and the Deep's Psychedelic Moods.
In 2009, the original mono version was released as part of the "Sign of the 3-Eyed Men" box set. The set also featured a new, alternate stereo version which retained the band's original intended track listing, as well as false starts on some of the tracks (the International Artists label had altered the track listing without the band's consent when the album was first released). Both versions on the box set featured different bonus tracks, some that were previously unreleased.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The Great Rock Discography | 7/10 |
| Pitchfork | 9.1/10 |
| Spin Alternative Record Guide | 8/10 |
The album was included in Robert Dimery's 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.

## Track listing

* Tracks 12–17 were recorded live at the Avalon in San Francisco, September 1966
* Tracks 18–19 were recorded live in Texas
* Tracks 20–21 were The Spades singles released in 1965
This version was included in the "Sign of the 3-Eyed Men" box set on CD 4 with the following bonus tracks.

## Personnel

* Roky Erickson – vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica
* Stacy Sutherland – lead guitar
* Tommy Hall – amplified jug
* Benny Thurman – bass guitar (1, 3)
* Ronnie Leatherman – bass guitar (2, 4-11)
* John Ike Walton – drums, percussion
Production
* Produced by Lelan Rogers, except track 1 produced by Gordon Bynum
* Recorded, engineered and mixed by Bob Sullivan
* John Cleveland – cover design
# Joeri Pool

Joeri Pool (born 22 February 1993) is a Dutch politician of the Party for Freedom (PVV). He was a member of the Provincial Council of Overijssel from 2019 to 2023 and has been a member of the House of Representatives since 6 December 2023. He is currently the PVV's spokesman on defense and national security.

## Biography
### Early life and education

Pool was born in Zwolle in 1993. He attended the Koninklijke Militaire Academie (Royal Military Academy) in Breda on a six month basic military training course before studying a bachelor's degree in history and then a master's degree in political science at the Utrecht University. After graduating he worked within the IT sector.

### Political career

Pool worked as a senior policy officer for the PVV's parliamentary faction and was elected to the Provincial Council of Overijssel in 2019. In 2021, he submitted an application to become mayor in his hometown of Kampen becoming the first PVV politician to directly seek mayorship and said his decision was due to crime and antisocial behaviour from residents of a nearby asylum centre.
During the 2023 Dutch general election, Pool was elected to the House of Representatives on the PVV's list. In his February 2024 maiden speech, he argued the Dutch government was endangering national security through its support of Ukraine during that country's invasion by Russia. He referred to the Dutch policy as a stream of provocations towards Russia. This drew sharp criticism from other parties in the House, and fellow PVV MP Raymond de Roon later called Pool's comments reductive.

### House committee assignments

* Committee for Justice and Security (chair)
* Committee for European Affairs
* Committee for Foreign Trade and Development
* Committee for Foreign Affairs
* Committee for Defence

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Joeri Pool :
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Result | Result | Ref. |
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Party seats | Individual | Ref. |
| 2021 | House of Representatives | | Party for Freedom | 28 | 233 | 17 | Lost | |
| 2023 | House of Representatives | | Party for Freedom | 37 | 296 | 37 | Won | |
# Edgar Fields

Edgar Eugene Fields (born March 10, 1954) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas A&M Aggies before being selected in the third round of the 1977 NFL draft. He played five seasons in the NFL for the Atlanta Falcons and the Detroit Lions.
* This biographical article relating to an American football defensive lineman born in the 1950s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Christopher Packe (physician and cartographer)

Christopher Packe (1686–1749) was an English physician and geologist. His 1743 work A New Philosophico-chorographical Chart of East Kent was the first geological map of Southern England.

## Life

Packe was born at St. Albans, Hertfordshire, on 6 March 1686. He was probably the son of Christopher Packe the chemist. Packe was admitted to Merchant Taylors' School on 11 September 1695. He was created M.D. at Cambridge in 1717, and was admitted a candidate of the College of Physicians on 25 June 1723. At the request of Robert Romney, the then vicar, he gave an organ to the Church of St Peter, St. Albans, the organ being inaugurated on 16 January 1726.
About 1726 Packe settled at Canterbury. He practiced as a physician, with a good reputation, for nearly a quarter of a century. He died on 15 November 1749, and was buried in St. Mary Magdalene, Canterbury.
# Ayman Shawky

Ayman Shawky Kusowa (Arabic: أيمن شوقي), born on 9 December 1962, was an Egyptian international striker who played most of his career with El-Ahly and a short spell with Zamalek SC.
He worked as a teacher and a coach at the King Abdullah Academy in Virginia, United States.
He participated in the 1990 World Cup in Italy.

## Clubs

* Koroum (Egypt)
* Ahly (Egypt)
* Zamalek (Egypt)
* Koroum (Egypt)

## Titles

Personal Titles
* Egyptian League Top Scorer (1983/84) with Koroum Club
* Scored 15 goals in African Club Cups (4th highest all-time record)
For Ahly
* 6 Egyptian League titles
* 5 Egyptian Cup titles
* 1 African Champions League title
* 3 African Cup Winners' Cup titles
* 1 Afro-Asian Cup titles
For Zamalek
* 1 African Champions League title
# Iheagu, Nigeria

Iheagu, Nru Nsukka is the oldest sub communities in Nru Nsukka. It's the birthplace of people like Late Sen. Fidelis Okoro, Egbugo Charles Onumonu and Sylvanus Arumah (Eze udo 1 of former Nru Nsukka Community). Nru Nsukka has traditionally three major communities namely Iheagu Nru, Ezema Nru, Edem Nru and finally Umuoyo. Late Sen. Okoro hails from Iheagu, Nru Nsukka.
Currently the former traditional ruler of Nru Nsukka community, HRH Sylvanus Aruah has his reign only on Iheagu, Nigeria, community following the emergence of more two autonomous communities from Nru Nsukka. Iheagu, Nigeria is same with Iheagu Nru.
* This Enugu state, Nigeria location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Ahmed Mohamed (fencer)

Ahmed Mohamed (born 24 October 1964) is an Egyptian fencer. He competed in the individual foil event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Legal Metrology Act, 2009

The Legal Metrology Act, 2009 is an Act of the Parliament of India that establishes and enforces standards of weights and measures in India. It was enacted to replace the Standards of Weights and Measures Act, 1976 and the Standards of Weights and Measures (Enforcement) Act, 1985.

## Background

The Legal Metrology Act, 2009 was introduced to consolidate and amend the laws relating to weights and measures in India. It aims to establish and enforce standards of weights and measures and regulate trade and commerce in weights, measures, and other goods sold or distributed by weight, measure, or number.

## Key provisions

The Act contains several key provisions:
* Establishment of standard units of weights and measures based on the metric system.
* Regulation of manufacturing, selling, and repairing of weights and measures.
* Appointment of legal metrology officers to enforce the Act.
* Penalties for offenses related to weights and measures.

## Implementation

The Act came into force on 1 April 2011. It is administered by the Department of Consumer Affairs, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Government of India.
# IRIS Magazine

IRIS was an English and Irish language magazine which focuses on Irish republicanism, Irish politics, current affairs, history and foreign affairs. The first issue of the magazine was published in 1981. Its headquarters was in Belfast. It ceased publication c. 2012.

## Name

IRIS was named after a republican weekly publication which existed between 1973 and 1980. IRIS is also the Irish language word for journal as well as being the initials of the Irish Republican Information Service.

## History

IRIS first appeared in April 1981 and its content focused heavily on The Troubles in Northern Ireland. The magazine was originally intended to be a quarterly news and current affairs publication aimed at foreign readership. The magazine faced considerable difficulties in first two years but appeared regularly between 1982 and 1993. Gerry Adams described the magazine as being "of central importance of discussion, debate and education to the ongoing development of the republican struggle". The magazine ceased publication in 1993 but was relaunched in 2005.
The Sinn Féin book shop continued to sell issues of IRIS until 2012, when it appears to have ceased publication.

## Editors

Former editors include:
* 1981–1993 - Unknown
* 2005–2006 - Jim Slaven
* 2006–2009 - Seán Mac Brádaigh
* 2009–2011 - Mícheál Mac Donncha
* 2011–2012 - Mark Moloney
# Maged Abdallah

Maged Abdallah (born 1 January 1970) is an Egyptian fencer. He competed in the individual foil event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Ihab El-Lebedy

Ihab El-Lebedy (born 8 September 1957) is an Egyptian modern pentathlete. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics, finishing in 33rd place in the individual event.