OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Maesil-ju

Maesil-ju (Korean: 매실주; Hanja: 梅實酒), also called plum wine, plum liquor, or plum liqueur, is an alcoholic drink infused with maesil (plums). The exact origins of Maesil-ju are unknown, but it is thought to date back to the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392).

## Ingredients

Maesil-ju is made with maesil (매실; 梅實; "plums"), preferably ripe hwangmae (황매; 黃梅; "yellow plums"), which are yellowish in color, fragrant and firm. Unripe cheongmae (청매; 靑梅; "green plums")—firmer and less fragrant—can also be used. Bruised or over-ripened plums may make the wine cloudy. Damaged fruits should be avoided, as direct contact of plum seeds with alcohol may produce a small amount of prussic acid, due to the amygdalin in plum seeds. However, toxicity vanishes after a year of maturation. Ripe plums have much lower amygdalin content.
Typically, 3 litres (0.66 imp gal; 0.79 US gal) of soju (of 20% ABV) and 100–150 grams (3.5–5.3 oz) of sugar is used per 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) of plums. Sugar can be substituted with slightly more honey, and soju of 20% ABV can be substituted by 2 litres (0.44 imp gal; 0.53 US gal) soju (or any other unflavored spirit) of 30% ABV and 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water.

## Preparation

Plums are washed in cold water and dried on a tray for a day. Dried plums and soju are added to a sterilized glass or earthenware jug and infused for about 100 days. The fruits are then removed by sieving, and sugar is added to the plum wine. The wine can be consumed immediately, but three to six months of maturation will greatly enrich the wine's flavour.

## Commerce

Popular maesil-ju products include Mae hwa soo, Matchsoon, and Seoljungmae.
# Jeremy Moses

Jeremy Moses (born September 4, 1988) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football for Stephen F. Austin. In his Stephen F. Austin career, Moses passed for 13,401 yards and 121 touchdowns; his 1,184 completions are an FCS record. He is currently the running backs coach at Colorado State.

## Playing career

Moses started at quarterback for Stephen F. Austin from 2007 to 2010. Moses helped Stephen F. Austin to back-to-back conference titles in 2009 and 2010 after an 0–11 2007 season. Moses was a two-time Southland Conference Player of the Year. In 2010, he led the FCS in pass attempts, completions, touchdown passes and passing yards; he won the Walter Payton Award, becoming the first Southland Conference player to win the award.

## Coaching career

Moses spent the 2011 season as an assistant at North Alabama. In January 2012, he returned to Stephen F. Austin as an assistant. While at Stephen F. Austin, Moses coached quarterbacks, running backs, before finally moving to wide receivers and being promoted to co-offensive coordinator. After the staff at SFA was let go, Moses returned to the Houston area and coach at Clear Lake High School and then Sterling High School.

### Colorado State

In February 2022, Moses was hired to be the running backs coach on Jay Norvell's new staff at Colorado State.
# List of rationalists

In philosophy and in its current sense, rationalism is a line of thought that appeals to reason or the intellect as a primary or fundamental source of knowledge or justification". It is typically contrasted with empiricism, which appeals to sensory experience as a primary or fundamental source of knowledge or justification. Rationalism should not be confused with rationality, nor with rationalization.
The following is a list of rationalists, that is, people who theorize about rationalism as a line of thought within the area of Philosophy.

## Rationalists born BCE

* Pythagoras
* Parmenides
* Plato
* Socrates

## Rationalists born in the 1st to 4th centuries

* Augustine of Hippo
* Origen of Alexandria
* Plotinus
* Wang Chong

## Rationalists born in the Middle Ages

* Al-Farabi
* Al-Ma'arri
* Avicenna
* Averroes
* Maimonides

## Rationalists born in the 16th to 19th centuries

* René Descartes
* Nicolas Malebranche
* Baruch Spinoza
* Gottfried Leibniz
* Christian Wolff

## Rationalists born in the 20th century

* David Chalmers
* Noam Chomsky
* Alvin Plantinga
* Ayn Rand
* Ernest Sosa
* Michael Della Rocca
* Eliezer Yudkowsky
# The City (Vangelis album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The City is a 1990 album by the Greek artist Vangelis. Reportedly, it was produced entirely in a Rome hotel room, where Vangelis was staying to witness the filming of the Roman Polanski film Bitter Moon (for which he'd been commissioned to write the soundtrack). It can be seen as a concept album, citing concepts from urban life and alluding to the big city atmosphere. The album peaked at #3 on the Billboard New Age Albums chart.

## Track listing

All tracks written by Vangelis.

## Instruments

Vangelis plays all instruments: exclusively synthesisers and drum machines. Spoken-word vocals are contributed by various guest artists (Kathy Hill on "Good to See You"; Mikamo Yuko and Kimura Rieko on "Twilight" and "Red Lights"), with recorded footsteps and vocal narrative at points throughout the album by Roman Polanski and Emmanuelle Seigner.

## Style

Vangelis employs a wide range of styles, from jazz (2) and rock (3) to new age (5, 6). Instrument patches are all synthesizer-based, but sound very convincing (trumpet on 1, guitar on 3, cello on 8).
Although The City is the first album after Direct (1988), there is no mention of the "Direct series" as discussed in that album's sleeve notes. It can also not be easily linked with his subsequent work, such as the 1492: Conquest of Paradise soundtrack.
# Christof Frommelt

Christof Frommelt (29 June 1918 – 16 March 1987) was a Liechtensteiner cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 18 kilometre event at the 1948 Winter Olympics. He was the father of the Alpine skiers Willi Frommelt and Paul Frommelt.
# Argyle, Illinois

Argyle is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Boone and Winnebago counties in the U.S. state of Illinois, northeast of Rockford. It is part of the Rockford, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

Argyle is located at 42°21′36″N 88°56′24″W﻿ / ﻿42.36000°N 88.94000°W﻿ / 42.36000; -88.94000 (42.3600186, -88.9401049), at an altitude of 833 feet (269 m). According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Argyle has a total area of 0.88 square miles (2.28 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

Argyle first appeared as a census designated place in the 2020 U.S. Census.

### 2020 census

As of the 2020 census there were 332 people, 128 households, and 128 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 378.56 inhabitants per square mile (146.16/km$^2$). There were 152 housing units at an average density of 173.32 per square mile (66.92/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 88.86% White, 0.60% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 2.41% from other races, and 8.13% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.82% of the population.
There were 128 households, out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, and all were married couples living together. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 2.76.
The CDP's age distribution consisted of 23.8% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 16.7% from 25 to 44, 47.9% from 45 to 64, and 5.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.8 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $139,821, and the median income for a family was $139,821. Males had a median income of $62,450 versus $26,042 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $51,234. None of the population was below the poverty line.

## History

Argyle was named by an early settler who was a native of Argyll, in Scotland.
Argyle was hit by the November 22, 2010 tornado that affected Northern Illinois and Southern Wisconsin. It was rated EF2 on the Enhanced Fujita Scale.
# Chak Dam

The Chak Dam (Pashto: چک برېښناکوټ), referred to by some as Band-e Chak (meaning Dam of Chak in Dari), is located near Chak, which is the center of Chak District in Maidan Wardak Province of Afghanistan. It is a hydroelectric gravity dam built by German engineers in 1938. It was mainly designed to regulate the flow of the Logar River and provide electricity to Kabul.

## History

Wardak province used to have a significant energy-generating capacity with the Chak Dam. Its four turbines could provide electricity to Maidan Wardak and parts of Kabul, Logar and Ghazni provinces.
In May 2005 the Chak Dam nearly overflowed as its main and emergency floodgates were rusted shut after six years of dry weather. The UN Development Programme, the Afghanistan Emergency Trust Fund, and the Ministry of Energy and Water took emergency action to address the threat. The co-operative effort saw a rapid response through immediate financing, planning and implementation of a 16 m (52 ft) ancillary gate that could hold the water while the rusted gates were lifted and repaired. The repairs were successful at a reported cost of $18,000 allowing evacuated residents to return to their homes in the valley.
# Roy Kemp

Roy Kemp (4 November 1895 – 2 February 1982) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Distribution-free control chart

Distribution-free (nonparametric) control charts are one of the most important tools of statistical process monitoring and control. Implementation techniques of distribution-free control charts do not require any knowledge about the underlying process distribution or its parameters. The main advantage of distribution-free control charts is its in-control robustness, in the sense that, irrespective of the nature of the underlying process distributions, the properties of these control charts remain the same when the process is smoothly operating without presence of any assignable cause.
Early research on nonparametric control charts may be found in 1981 when P.K. Bhattacharya and D. Frierson introduced a nonparametric control chart for detecting small disorders. However, major growth of nonparametric control charting schemes has taken place only in the recent years.

## Popular distribution-free control charts

There are distribution-free control charts for both Phase-I analysis and Phase-II monitoring.
One of the most notable distribution-free control charts for Phase-I analysis is RS/P chart proposed by G. Capizzi and G. Masaratto. RS/P charts separately monitor location and scale parameters of a univariate process using two separate charts. In 2019, Chenglong Li, Amitava Mukherjee and Qin Su proposed a single distribution-free control chart for Phase-I analysis using multisample Lepage statistic.
Some popular Phase-II distribution-free control charts for univariate continuous processes includes:
* Sign charts based on the sign statistic - used to monitor location parameter of a process
* Wilcoxon rank-sum charts based on the Wilcoxon rank-sum test - used to monitor location parameter of a process
* Control charts based on precedence or excedance statistic
* Shewhart-Lepage chart based on the Lepage test - used to monitor both location and scale parameters of a process simultaneously in a single chart
* Shewhart-Cucconi chart based on the Cucconi test - used to monitor both location and scale parameters of a process simultaneously in a single chart
# Bert Barnes (footballer)

William Robert Barnes (22 May 1890 – 27 January 1964) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Richmond Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Benjamin Eberle

Benjamin Eberle (born 3 March 1963) is a Liechtensteiner cross-country skier who competed in the 1988 Winter Olympics.
# Eric Roscoe

Eric Roscoe (27 December 1922 – 11 May 2000) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

The son of Ellen Emma Roscoe (1899-1948), later Mrs. Joseph Winton, Eric Roscoe was born at Clifton Hill, Victoria on 27 December 1922. He married Edith Lila Wood in 1950.

## War Service

Roscoe enlisted in the Australian Army in November 1941 at the age of 18 and served in both New Guinea and the Solomon Islands until his discharge in 1946.

## Football

Roscoe won the 1947 Central Goulburn Valley Football League best and fairest award, when playing for Shepparton Football Club. Roscoe then moved to Melbourne where he played a total of 17 games over two seasons in the Victorian Football League.
# Bill Hayes (Australian footballer)

William Maurice Hayes (30 April 1896 – 28 March 1975) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Black Mountains (Utah)

The Black Mountains is a 30-mile (48 km) long mountain range in northeastern Iron County and southeastern Beaver County in southwestern Utah, United States.
The range borders the northeast portion of the Escalante Desert, and the range's southeast flank trends with the Hurricane Cliffs and Parowan Valley. In the south section, of a southwest trending ridgeline, is the Parowan Gap Petroglyphs Site. At the terminus of the ridgeline, the pass at the Summit, Utah region, there is the site of the Old Spanish National Historic Trail as it crossed into the northeast of Cedar Valley, the site of Cedar City.
Interstate 15 (I-15) traverses the southeast region of the range from Cedar City, to Greenville-Beaver.

## Description

The Black Mountains have a complex shape. It has an east–west ridgeline at the north perimeter with the Beaver River in the west, and Minersville Reservoir in the center; the northeast foothills border the region of Beaver-Greenville, Utah.
The highpoint of the range, Mahogany Knoll, is in the northeast on the ridgeline, the line between Iron and Beaver Counties.
From the northeast range terminus, a ridgeline extends southwest to Cedar Valley, and borders the northwest of Parowan Valley. The valley is narrow, separated from the northeast-section of the Hurricane Cliffs, and at the southwest terminus of the valley, is the location of Summit, (at the summit region). The Old Spanish National Historic Trail followed the summit, (only 1 mile [1.6 km] between Black Mountains and Hurricane Cliffs), and crossed west across the north region of Cedar Valley, at the south terminus of the Black Mountains ridgeline, near Enoch. About 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Enoch, and 8 miles (13 km) northwest of Parowan. South of the Black Mountains is the Red Hills range, which contains the Parowan Gap Petroglyphs site.
The center-east of the range is near Chipman Peak, 7,966 feet (2,428 m). The highpoint of the range is Mahogany Knoll, 7,976 feet (2,431 m), at the north ridgeline, east of center.

## Access

Utah State Route 21 (SR-21)borders the north of the range following the Beaver River from Minersville Reservoir; at the center-north foothills, SR-21 turns northeast towards Beaver and Greenville.
The range is dissected west of center, by the north–south Utah State Route 130 (SR-130), from Minersville at the range's northwest region, (and the northeast Escalante Desert); SR-130 goes south through Parowan Canyon, and then across an alluvial plains region of Long Hollow, between two southwest-trending ridgelines. The route meets the north of Cedar Valley, and the site of Rush Lake, a dry lake; the valley turns northwest into the Escalante Desert. The route continues to Enoch, and I-15 at Cedar City.
At the Black Mountains southeast, I-15 follows the southeast side of Parowan Valley, from Enoch, Summit, then Parowan, then north to Greenville, at the south of Beaver, Utah.
# Fort Napoléon, Terre-de-Haut

Fort Napoléon (French pronunciation:) is a quartier of Terre-de-Haut Island, located in Îles des Saintes archipelago in the Caribbean. It is located in the north part of the island. The Fort Napoléon is situated on this quartier.
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# The Artist and the Mannikin

The Artist and the Mannikin (French: L'Artiste et le Mannequin) is a 1900 French short silent film by Georges Méliès.

## Plot

An artist puts a mannequin on a platform, to use as a model for his painting. Meanwhile, his manservant and a woman visitor conspire to pull a prank on the artist. The woman switches places with the mannequin and hits the artist with a broom. The artist, realizing the deception, attempts to hit her back, but she has already changed places again with the mannequin. The manservant laughs at the success of the woman's prank.

## Release

Méliès plays the artist in the film, which was sold by his Star Film Company and is numbered 284 in its catalogues.
Méliès burned all the surviving original camera negatives of his films toward the end of his life, and about three-fifths of his output is presumed lost. The Artist and the Mannikin was among the lost films until 2007, when a copy was identified and restored by the Filmoteca de Catalunya.
# Ted Derrick

Edward John Derrick (14 May 1894 – 13 October 1969) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# James Whittaker (Shaker)

James Whittaker (February 28, 1751 – July 20, 1787) was the second leader of the Shakers.
Whittaker was born in Oldham, England and became a weaver and a member of the artisan and merchant class. He came to colonial America with Mother Ann Lee, who was one of his relatives and raised him. Father James Whittaker, Father William Lee (Ann's brother), and Mother Ann Lee had lived in Manchester, England and were known as the First Parents of the Shaker sect. Whittaker was a powerful orator who drew many people to the Shaker sect.
He became leader following the death of Mother Ann Lee in September 1784. Under Whittaker's lead, Shaker communities were formed in New England and the meetinghouse was built at Mount Lebanon in 1785. Mount Lebanon would go on to become the center for all other Shaker communities, from Maine to Kentucky.
Whittaker had suffered from physical abuse and traveled a great deal for the sect. Having a premonition of his death, he chose to die at Enfield, Connecticut Shaker community. After James Whittaker's death in 1787, the American Joseph Meacham, with whom he had a power struggle, became the next leader of the Shakers.
# Corydon Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania

Corydon Township is a township in McKean County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 285 at the 2020 census.

## History

Corydon was settled in 1810 and incorporated in 1829. On March 26, 1846, a small sliver of the westernmost portion of Corydon bordering the Allegheny River was transferred to Warren County; the new township also retained the name Corydon, resulting in there being two adjacent but separate townships with the same name. The Warren County township of Corydon was flooded and dissolved in 1964.

## Notable people

Charles F. Freeman, Wisconsin politician and businessman, was born in the township.
Ray Caldwell, baseball star of the early 20th century, was also born in Corydon.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 73.7 square miles (191 km$^2$), of which 73.2 square miles (190 km$^2$) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km$^2$) (0.60%) is water, almost all of the latter coming from the Allegheny Reservoir.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 301 people, 122 households, and 85 families residing in the township. The population density was 4.1 people per square mile (1.6/km$^2$). There were 242 housing units at an average density of 3.3/sq mi (1.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 99.00% White, 0.33% Asian, and 0.66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.33% of the population.
There were 122 households, out of which 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.5% were married couples living together, 3.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.3% were non-families. 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the township the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 115.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 117.5 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $35,208, and the median income for a family was $37,500. Males had a median income of $36,875 versus $29,375 for females. The per capita income for the township was $20,283. About 8.7% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.9% of those under the age of eighteen and 14.3% of those sixty five or over.
# Lê Văn Hưng (footballer, born 1987)

Lê Văn Hưng (born 12 December 1987) is a Vietnamese footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for V-League club SHB Đà Nẵng.

## Personal life

Văn Hưng was born to a wealthy family in Mang Thít District. His father, a policeman, died when he was four. He and his two sisters were raised by his mom, an algae farmer.
For a while Văn Hưng was dating Vietnamese model Helen Pham and where the subject of much media attention. The couple broke up however in 2014 after his move to Da Nang.
# Alan McGowan (Australian footballer)

Allan James McGowan (7 August 1926 − 4 October 2019) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Melbourne Football Club and Collingwood Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Wally Edward

Walter George Phillip Edward (6 April 1899 – 21 January 1967) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).