OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thornton-le-Street

Thornton-le-Street is a village and parochial and civil parish in the former Hambleton District of North Yorkshire, England. It is part of the civil parish of Thornton-le-Moor and Thornton-le-Street for District purposes. As the population remained less 100 at the 2011 Census details are included in the civil parish of Thornton-le-Moor. In 2015, North Yorkshire County Council estimated the population to have been 90.
Thornton-le-Street is situated about 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Thirsk and about 5.3 miles (8.5 km) south-east of the county town of Northallerton. The whole village is within the site of the old medieval village and designated and Ancient Monument under the terms of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. It is located between the west bank of the Cod Beck and the A168 road between Thirsk and Northallerton.

## History

The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Torentun in the Allerton hundred. The manor was the possession of Earl Edwin at the time of the Norman invasion. Afterwards it passed to the Crown who granted it to the manor of Northallerton whose lord was the Bishop of Durham. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the main landowners were the de Wassand and de Wadesley families. In the 16th century the line of descent had altered through marriage to the Everingham's and then by sale to the Talbot's who held the title to the manor until 1793. It was briefly the possession of Samuel Crompton whose daughter inherited the manor where it passed down her husbands', Alan Frederick Cathcart, 3rd Earl Cathcart, line of descent.
The name is derived from Old English words þorn and tūn combined with the Anglian word, strēt to give the meaning of Thorn tree farm on a Roman road. The suffix of le-street was used to distinguish it from other Thorntons in the area.

## Governance

The village is within the Thirsk and Malton UK Parliament constituency. It lies within the Thorntons ward of Hambleton District Council and Sowerby electoral division of North Yorkshire County Council.

## Geography

The village is located between the west bank of the Cod Beck and the A168 road between Thirsk and Northallerton. Within a radius of 2.5 miles (4 km) can be found the settlements of Thornton-le-Moor, Borrowby, Knayton, Upsall, South Kilvington, Newsham and South Otterington. The mean elevation in the village is 154 feet (47 m).
The abandoned medieval village, fishponds and manorial site complete with a moat, are now little more than earthwork banks, but with well preserved below-ground remains. The old route of the main street which follows that of the old Roman road can be traced from the end of the existing main street running towards the eastern side of Old Hall.

## Religion

The village church is dedicated to St Leonard and is a grade II* listed building. The oldest parts indicate it was built in the 12th century with modifications in the 14th and 19th centuries.
# Raita (disambiguation)

Raita is an Indian/Pakistani condiment based on yogurt.
Raita may also refer to:

## People with the surname

* Henna Raita, Finnish alpine skier
* Marjatta Raita, Finnish actress
* Mikko Raita, Finnish music mixing and recording engineer and producer

## People with the given name

* Raita Honjou (本庄雷太), Japanese artist
* Raita Suzuki (鈴木 雷太, born 1972), Japanese cyclist
# Bukwica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Bukwica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pełczyce, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Pełczyce, 11 km (7 mi) south of Choszczno, and 65 km (40 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
The village has a population of 162.
# Human Lost

Human Lost (人間失格, Ningen Shikkaku) is a 2019 Japanese 3D animated science fiction film based on Osamu Dazai's 1948 novel No Longer Human and it is Polygon Pictures' first production not to get a Netflix release.

## Plot

In the year 2036, breakthroughs in medical technology have led to a system of nanomachines internally implanted in all humans that can reverse illness, injury and even death. But if a person severs their nanomachines from the system, they mutate into monstrous creatures known as "Lost". Yozo, Masao and Yoshiko are now "applicants" with special powers over the Lost.

## Cast

| Character | Japanese | English |
| Yozo Oba | Mamoru Miyano | Austin Tindle |
| Tsuneko | Haruka Chisuga | Sarah Wiedenheft |
| Takeichi | Jun Fukuyama | Jason Liebrecht |
| Yoshiko Hiiragi | Kana Hanazawa | Macy Anne Johnson |
| Shibuta | Kenichirou Matsuda | Chris Rager |
| Madam | Miyuki Sawashiro | Stephanie Young |
| Atsugi | Rikiya Koyama | David Wald |
| Masao Horiki | Takahiro Sakurai | Robert McCollum |
| Shige | Shigeru Chiba | R. Bruce Elliott |
| Shizuko | Seiko Tamura | Katelyn Barr |

## Production

Katsuyuki Motohiro is serving as supervisor. Fuminori Kizaki will direct the film at Polygon Pictures. Tow Ubukata is writing the scripts. Yūsuke Kozaki is designing the characters, and Kenichiro Tomiyasu is in charge of concept art.

### Casting

The cast of film was revealed via teaser on YouTube. The film stars Mamoru Miyano, Kana Hanazawa, Takahiro Sakurai, Jun Fukuyama, and Miyuki Sawashiro.

## Release

The film premiered at the 2019 Annecy International Animation Film Festival. It was released by Funimation on October 22, 2019, in the U.S. theaters and on November 29, 2019, in Japan, While in Canada, it was released as a television film.

### Home media

In Japan, the film was released on Blu-ray and DVD on May 20, 2020.
In the United States, the film was released on Blu-ray and DVD on August 25, 2020, with an English dub.

## Reception

The film won the Axis: The Satoshi Kon Award for Excellence in Animation award as a Special Mention at the 2019 Montreal's Fantasia International Film Festival.
# Ivan Tuparov

Ivan Todorov Tuparov (Bulgarian: Иван Тодоров Тупаров, born 15 November 1959) is a retired Bulgarian long jumper.
He was born in Rakitovo. At the 1977 European Junior Championships he won the silver medal in the long jump. He competed at the 1980 Olympic Games without reaching the final. He finished ninth at the 1980 European Indoor Championships, and eighth at the 1981 European Indoor Championships. At the 1982 European Championships he finished twelfth in the long jump final and also eighth in the 4 x 100 metres relay together with Ivaylo Karanyotov, Nikolay Markov and Petar Petrov.
He became Bulgarian champion in 1978, 1980, 1982 and 1984, and Bulgarian indoor champion in 1979, 1980 and 1982.
His personal best jump was 8.07 metres, achieved in June 1984 in Sofia.
# Cristopher Meléndez

Cristopher Aarón Meléndez Suazo (born 25 November 1997) is a Honduran professional footballer who plays as a defender for Motagua.

## International career

He made his debut for Honduras national football team on 12 November 2021 in a World Cup qualifier against Panama.

## Honours

Honduras Youth
* Pan American Silver Medal: 2019
# Martin Kinsley

Martin Kinsley (June 2, 1754 – June 20, 1835) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Born in Bridgewater in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, Kinsley graduated from Harvard College in 1778. He studied medicine. He became a purveyor of supplies in the Revolutionary Army. He served as Treasurer of the Town of Hardwick. He moved to Hampden, and was a representative of that town in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. House in 1801 and 1802. He served as member of the executive council in 1810 and 1811, as a judge of the court of common pleas in 1811, as judge of the probate court, and served in the Massachusetts State Senate.
Kinsley was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819 – March 3, 1821). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1820 to the Seventeenth Congress. He died in Roxbury, June 20, 1835.
# Shaft (civil engineering)

In civil engineering a shaft is an underground vertical or inclined passageway. Shafts are often entered through a manhole and closed by a manhole cover. They are constructed for a number of reasons including:
* For the construction of a tunnel
* For ventilation of a tunnel or underground structure, aka ventilation shaft
* As a drop shaft for a sewerage or water tunnel
* For access to a tunnel or underground structure, also as an escape route

## Construction

There are a number of methods for the construction of shafts, the most significant being:
* The use of sheet piles, diaphragm walls or bored piles to construct a square or rectangular braced shaft
* The use of segmental lining installed by underpinning or caisson sunk to form a circular shaft
* Incremental excavation with a shotcrete circular or elliptical lining
* Incremental excavation supported by shotcrete, rock bolts, cable anchors and steel sets or ribs
Shafts can be sunk either dry or for methods such as the caisson method they can be sunk wet. Sinking a dry shaft means that any water that flows into the excavation is pumped out to leave no significant standing or flowing water in the base of the shaft. When wet sinking a shaft the shaft is allowed to flood and the muck is excavated out of the base of the shaft underwater using a grab on the end of a crane or similar excavation method. Because the shaft is flooded, the lining can not be constructed at the excavation level of the shaft so this method only suits methods where the lining is installed before shaft sinking (such as the use of sheet piles) or where the lining is sunk down with the shaft such as the caisson method.
# Keith Newman (writer)

Keith Newman (born 6 June 1954) is a New Zealand author, freelance writer and producer. He has had five non-fiction titles published dealing with historical subjects including Māori prophet T. W. Ratana and the movement he founded, the early missionaries and their relationships with the Māori people and a history of the Internet in New Zealand.

## Early life and career

Newman was raised in Feilding in the central North Island of New Zealand. He lived in Auckland for 25 years before moving to Hawke's Bay in 2009. He has worked in newspapers, magazines and radio for over 30 years, winning awards for journalism and feature writing.

## Author

After 20 years of research, in 2006 Reed published Newman's book Ratana Revisited – An Unfinished Legacy. Two years later he was asked by Penguin, which took over Reed Publishing, to write a condensed and more focused version which was published as Ratana – The Prophet in 2009. Newman also wrote the article in Te Ara, the New Zealand Government online encyclopaedia, about the Ratana movement.
In between he was commissioned by InternetNZ to write the history of the Internet in New Zealand. The resulting book Connecting the Clouds – The Internet in New Zealand (Activity Press 2008) is also published as a wiki and available free under a Creative Commons license.
In 2009 Penguin published his book Bible & Treaty: Missionaries Among the Maori, and have since released a second edition. The follow-up companion title Beyond Betrayal: Trouble in the Promised Land was published in September 2013.
In 2018 he received a New Zealand History Award to support the writing of Hidden Heritage of the Cape Coast, which focuses on the Māori, colonial and more recent history of the coastal Hawke’s Bay settlements of Haumoana, Te Awanga and Clifton.

## Radio journalism

Newman has written, produced and narrated over 20 programmes for Radio New Zealand National's Musical Chairs series, mainly dealing with pop and rock musicians from the period of the 1960s and 1970s, predominantly those who had recording success locally and toured offshore.

## Environmental action

Newman is the chairman of the WOW (Walking on Water) lobby group, which is particularly concerned with coastal erosion in the Haumoana beach area where he lives.

## Awards

* New Zealand History Award, Ministry for Culture and Heritage, 2018
* The Swaytech Journalist Award, PricewaterhouseCoopers Hi-Tech Awards 2009
* New Zealand Radio Awards: Blerta Years, Radio New Zealand National, Best Produced Music Feature, 2007
* Best Magazine Feature Writer, IC&T, Qantas Media Awards 2004
* Journalist of the Year 2004, Telecommunications Users Association of New Zealand (TUANZ)

## Publications

* Ratana Revisited – An Unfinished Legacy (Raupo/Reed 2006) ISBN 9780790010571
* Connecting the Clouds – the Internet in New Zealand (Activity Press / InternetNZ 2008) ISBN 0958263442
* Ratana the Prophet (Raupo-Penguin 2009) ISBN 9780143010975
* Bible & Treaty: Missionaries Among the Maori (Penguin 2010) ISBN 978-0143204084
* Beyond Betrayal: Trouble in the Promised Land (Penguin 2013) ISBN 9780143570516
# Bill Knowlton

William Young Knowlton (August 18, 1898 – February 25, 1944) was a right-handed baseball pitcher.

## Early life

Knowlton was born in Philadelphia in 1898. According to one account, he got his start in baseball at the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Eddystone, Pennsylvania. According to another, he gained fame as a sandlot pitcher in Philadelphia and then played for Petersburg in the Virginia League.

## Career
### Baseball

Kowlton appeared in one game in Major League Baseball. On September 3, 1920, he started a game for the Philadelphia Athletics against the Washington Senators at Shibe Park. He pitched 5-2/3 innings and allowed three earned runs in a losing effort. His career record in Major League Baseball was zero wins, one loss, five strikeouts, and a 4.76 earned run average.
Knowlton continued playing in the minor leagues for several years, including stints with the Jersey City Skeeters (1922), Crisfield Crabbers (1922), Wilkes-Barre Barons (1925–1926), Toronto Maple Leafs (1926), and Williamsport Grays (1926–1929). He also reportedly played for baseball clubs in Montreal and Decatur, Illinois.

### Philadelphia Police Department

Knowlton joined the Philadelphia Police Department in 1938, serving in the 42nd District. He was married to Irene Knowlton at that time.

## Death

Knowlton died in Philadelphia in 1944 at age 45. He collapsed as he stepped from a trolley car of an apparent heart attack.
# Rien (Norway)

Rien is a lake in Røros Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 14.87-square-kilometre (5.74 sq mi) lake is located near the headwaters of the river Glomma, only about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of the border with Sweden. The water flows out through the river Glomma and heads a short distance south, into the large lake Aursunden. The village of Brekken lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) south of the lake and the town of Røros lies about 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the southwest.
# Ed Busch

Edgar John Busch (November 16, 1917 – January 17, 1987) was a shortstop who played in Major League Baseball between the 1943 and 1945 seasons. Listed at 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m), 175 lb, Busch batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Lebanon, Illinois.

## Career

Busch started his professional career in 1938 in the St. Louis Browns minor league system, playing for them five years before being released in 1942. He was signed by the Philadelphia Athletics organization in 1943, when the military draft was depleting Major League rosters of first-line players due to World War II. He joined the big team in late September of that year.
A slick shortstop with good hands and a strong throwing arm, Busch was part of an infield that included Dick Siebert at first base, Irv Hall at second and George Kell at third. He was the starting shortstop for Philadelphia in 1944 and 1945, until Pete Suder returned to the team when the war ended.
In a 270-game career, Busch posted a .262 average (240-for-917), including 80 runs, 10 doubles, three triples, 75 RBI, seven stolen bases, and a .311 on-base percentage. In six minor league seasons, he hit .283 with 13 home runs in 737 games.
Busch died in St. Clair County, Illinois, at the age of 69.

## Sources

* Career statistics from Baseball Reference, or Baseball Reference (Minors)
* This biographical article relating to an American baseball shortstop is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Art Brouthers

Arthur Henry Brouthers (November 25, 1882 – September 28, 1959) was an American professional baseball player. He was a third baseman for one season (1906) with the Philadelphia Athletics. For his career, he compiled a .208 batting average in 144 at-bats, with 14 runs batted in.
He was born in Montgomery, Alabama and later died in Charleston, South Carolina at the age of 76.
# Peerapong Panyanumaporn

Peerapong Panyanumaporn (Thai: พีรพงศ์ ปัญญานุมาภรณ์), is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a winger for Thai League 2 club Suphanburi.
# Grishko

Grishko Ltd. (Russian: Гришко) is a privately held manufacturer of dance shoes, wear and accessories. The company was founded in 1989 by Nikolay Grishko in Moscow, Russia. It is an international company with four factories in Europe and sales in over 70 countries. The company began as a pointe shoe manufacturer and now produces many types of dance shoes and wear.

## History

Nikolay Grishko decided to start the company after hearing dancers complain about their footwear through his wife, a former ballerina.
Shortly after starting the company in the early 1990s, many of the theatre workshops in Russia were forced to close and Nikolai recruited the master craftsmen from these theatre workshops to work with him. Nikolay also recruited the only person to date to have a PhD in ballet shoe technology and mechanics.
As of 2014, the company consists of four factories in Europe, a flagship store in Moscow Russia and over 500 employees, including 76 people with registered disabilities.
As of September 11, 2019, Grishko operates in the United States of America under the name Nikolay as the result of a legal battle with their US distributor, I.M. Wilson.

## Production

Grishko pointe shoes are handmade using all natural materials and tested by professional dancers. Grishko has developed several pointe shoe innovations such as using nano-technology to improve foot health, working with navy acoustics labs to reduce noise on stage and collaborating with a laboratory of starch products to develop better glues.

## Products

Grishko's footwear line includes shoes for pointe, ballet, ballroom, jazz, acro, contemporary, gymnastics, character and theatre. The pointe shoes are based on four main shapes, called "lasts" - the Grishko 2007, the Fouette, the Vaganova and the Elite. Grishko currently offers 26 different models of pointe shoes. The most recent pointe shoe added to the line is based on the Grishko 2007 last and is called the DreamPointe.
The dancewear line includes leotards for ballet and gymnastics, warm-up boots, tights, stage costumes, knitwear, fitness, yoga, pilates and general active lifestyle wear. The Grishko dancewear workshop handcrafts intricate tutus, costumes and shoes. The company also produces dance accessories, such as toe pads, bags, ribbons, elastics and overlays.
In 2014, Grishko created and produced its first 'haute couture' dancewear line in collaboration with Diana Vishneva and Tatyana Parfionova.

## Notable appearances

In the December 2014 issue of Vogue, Annie Leibovitz photographed Amy Adams wearing Grishko's Nova 2007 model pointe shoes.
Grishko products are commonly used in Vogue Russia, most notably in photoshoots by Patrick Demarchelier.
In January 2014, Ralph Lauren used Grishko pointe shoes for ballet themed window displays of its stores.

## Social causes

Grishko supports dance schools and organizations such as The Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet, The Dance Open and The Boris Eifman Academy.
# Stan Sperry

Stanley Kenneth Sperry (February 19, 1914 – September 27, 1962) was a second baseman in Major League Baseball. He played for the Philadelphia Phillies and Philadelphia Athletics.
# Nauvoo Township, Hancock County, Illinois

Nauvoo Township is one of twenty-four townships in Hancock County, Illinois, USA. At the 2020 census, its population was 963 and it contained 667 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Nauvoo Township has a total area of 6.37 square miles (16.50 km$^2$), of which 3.90 square miles (10.10 km$^2$) (or 61.27%) is land and 2.47 square miles (6.40 km$^2$) (or 38.73%) is water.

### Cities, towns, villages

* Nauvoo (vast majority)

### Extinct towns

(These towns are listed as "historical" by the USGS.)
* Quashquema at 40°33′00″N 91°23′12″W﻿ / ﻿40.550042°N 91.386542°W﻿ / 40.550042; -91.386542
* Venus, circa 1832
* Commerce, circa 1834
* Commerce City, circa 1836

### Cemeteries

The township contains two cemeteries, Dundey and Smith Family.

### Major highways

* Illinois Route 96

### Landmarks

* Nauvoo Temple
* Lovers Glen Park
* Nauvoo State Park

## Demographics

As of the 2020 census there were 963 people, 320 households, and 247 families residing in the township. The population density was 151.30 inhabitants per square mile (58.42/km$^2$). There were 667 housing units at an average density of 104.79 per square mile (40.46/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 91.69% White, 0.31% African American, 1.04% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 1.25% from other races, and 5.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.49% of the population.
There were 320 households, out of which 30.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.56% were married couples living together, 7.50% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 22.81% were non-families. 16.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 2.97.
The township's age distribution consisted of 21.7% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 11.2% from 45 to 64, and 31.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 115.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.0 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $52,794, and the median income for a family was $54,338. Males had a median income of $38,500 versus $13,958 for females. The per capita income for the township was $22,046. About 21.9% of families and 27.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.7% of those under age 18 and 8.0% of those age 65 or over.

## School districts

* Nauvoo-Colusa Community Unit School District 325

## Political districts

* Illinois's 18th congressional district
* State House District 94
* State Senate District 47
# Ivy Griffin

Ivy Moore Griffin (November 16, 1896 – August 25, 1957) was an American first baseman in Major League Baseball. He played from 1919 to 1921 for the Philadelphia Athletics.
Griffin was a manager in the minor leagues from 1935 to 1955, winning four league championships. While Griffin managed a Class D team in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, he signed future all-star player Andy Pafko. Pafko, who had never played baseball in high school, was signed while working on his father's nearby farm. Griffin died in an automobile accident in Gainesville, Georgia.
# Anthrax striatipennis

Anthrax striatipennis is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae. It is found in the southeastern United States.
# T Microscopii

T Microscopii is a semiregular variable star in the constellation Microscopium. It ranges from magnitude 6.74 to 8.11 over a period of 352 days. Located around 700 light-years distant, it shines with a bolometric luminosity 7,509 times that of the Sun and has a surface temperature of 2,750 K.
In 1896 it was announced that Williamina Fleming had discovered that the star is a variable star, based on photographs taken from 1888 through 1895. It was listed with its variable star designation, T Microscopii, in Annie Jump Cannon's 1907 work Second Catalog of Variable Stars.