# Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria

Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria (7 July 1878 – 13 March 1960) was a daughter of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria and his third wife Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal. She was the mother of Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein, and the paternal grandmother of Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein.

## Family and early life

Elisabeth was born in Reichenau on 7 July 1878, the youngest of a large family, as her father Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria married three times and had children with two of his wives. He had none with his first wife Princess Margaretha of Saxony, but he and his second wife Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies welcomed Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, who became heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary; and three more children. Elisabeth and her older sister Archduchess Maria Annunciata of Austria (later Abbess of the Theresia Convent in the Hradschin, Prague) were the products of his third marriage to Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal, a daughter of the deposed King Miguel I of Portugal.
In addition, her father was a younger brother of Franz Joseph I of Austria, the reigning emperor at the time of her birth. He was also a sibling of Maximilian I of Mexico, who became Emperor of Mexico for a short time.

## Marriage

Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie married Prince Alois of Liechtenstein in Vienna on 20 April 1903. There had been some debate as to whether this was an equal union. The bride's uncle Emperor Franz Joseph I attended the wedding with the intention of making it clear he regarded the House of Liechtenstein as a legitimate reigning dynasty. As the House of Liechtenstein had become sovereign, the couple were ruled equal in birth, and the Emperor was happy to see a member of his family making a dynastic marriage, after the morganatic marriage of her half-brother Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. Later, the Emperor also became the godfather of the couple's eldest son, Franz Joseph, who was named after him.
Sometime after their marriage, Princess Catherine Radziwill commented that Elisabeth "is very pretty and resembles her mother more than the Habsburgs, whose lower lip she has not inherited by some kind of miracle, for which, I suppose, she feels immeasurably grateful". Elisabeth and Alois lived in various castles within Austria, including Gross-Ullersdorf Castle. Their eldest son was born in Frauenthal Castle.
The couple had eight children together:
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
| Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein | 16 August 1906 | 13 November 1989 (aged 83) | married in 1943 Countess Georgina von Wilczek, had issue |
| Princess Maria Theresia | 14 January 1908 | 30 September 1973 (aged 65) | married in 1944 Count Arthur Strachwitz von Gross-Zauche und Camminetz, had issue |
| Prince Karl Alfred | 16 August 1910 | 17 November 1985 (aged 75) | married in 1949 Archduchess Agnes Christina of Austria, had issue |
| Prince Georg Hartmann | 11 November 1911 | 20 January 1998 (aged 86) | married in 1948 Duchess Marie Christine of Württemberg, had issue |
| Prince Ulrich Dietmar | 29 August 1913 | 13 October 1978 (aged 65) | unmarried and had no issue |
| Princess Marie Henriette | 6 November 1914 | 13 October 2011 (aged 96) | married in 1943 Count Peter von Eltz genannt Faust von Stromberg, had issue |
| Prince Alois Heinrich | 20 December 1917 | 14 February 1967 (aged 49) | unmarried and had no issue |
| Prince Heinrich Hartneid | 21 October 1920 | 29 November 1993 (aged 73) | married in 1968 Countess Amalie von Podstatzky-Lichtenstein, had issue |
She owned 31 motor cars and was seen as the most enthusiastic motorist of all the imperial women in Europe. She converted the stables at her Hungarian castle Stuhlweissenburg to garages but pursued her hobby quietly and studiously, so that the great majority of the public were not even aware of her large collection.
Prince Alois renounced his rights to the succession on 26 February 1923, in favor of their son Franz Joseph, who would accede to the throne on 25 July 1938 as Franz Joseph II. Prince Alois himself died on 17 March 1955 from influenza at Vaduz Castle in Liechtenstein. Due to his renunciation, he never became the prince of Liechtenstein. Elisabeth died on 13 March 1960.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria :