OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Éliane Duthoit

Éliane Duthoit (born 25 June 1946 in Brittany), a French citizen, is a senior United Nations official at the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).

## Career overview

Since the early 1990s, Duthoit was appointed successively Deputy Humanitarian Coordinator in Ingushetia (covering Chechnya), and then head of the OCHA offices in Uganda, Timor-Leste, Nepal, Southern Sudan, and latterly Chad. Between these appointments, she carried out short assignments with other functions in Burundi and elsewhere.

## Specific achievements

In Uganda, Éliane Duthoit played an important role in attracting international attention to what the United Nations believed was a forgotten humanitarian crisis.
In Chechnya, she played an important role in facilitating negotiations between the Russian military and Chechen rebels to ensure humanitarian relief for internally displaced persons (IDPs).
In 2006, she was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan as head of the OCHA office in Juba, Southern Sudan, under the leadership of Under-Secretary-General Jan Egeland. This was when humanitarian needs were gradually leading the way to development, in which OCHA along with other United Nations agencies reportedly played an important role. In Southern Sudan, she also played a significant role, in facilitating negotiations at the 2006-2007 Juba talks between the Government of Uganda and the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), hosted and mediated by the Government of Southern Sudan with United Nations support in the person of Joaquim Chissano as Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for LRA-affected areas.
In August 2007, with increasing humanitarian needs in Chad, she was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon as head of the OCHA office in Chad, based in the capital N'Djamena. In February 2008 when armed fighting erupted in N'Djamena, she stayed behind as part of a United Nations skeleton team
| Preceded byunknown | Head of the OCHA Office, Uganda 2002–2005 | Succeeded byTim Pitt |
| Preceded byunknown | Head of the OCHA Office, Nepal 2005–2006 | Succeeded byunknown |
| Preceded byRudolph Muller | Head of the OCHA Office, Southern Sudan 2006–2007 | Succeeded byVincent Lelei |
| Preceded byInes Brill | Head of the OCHA Office, Chad 2007–present | Incumbent |
# Anna of Pomerania

Anna of Pomerania (also known as Anne de Croy et Aerschot, Anna von Croy und Aerschot, Anna von Pommern) (3 October 1590, Barth - 7 July 1660, Stolp) was Duchess-Consort of Croy and Havré, and allodial heiress of the extinct ruling house of the Duchy of Pomerania.

## Eerly life and ancestry

She was youngest daughter of Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania and his wife, Princess Klara of Brunswick-Lüneburg. She was the last surviving member of the House of Griffin (Greifen).

## Marriage and issue

In 1619 she married Ernst von Croÿ (1588–1620), Prince and Duke of Croÿ (1583–1620), an Imperial general, he would however die the following year. Ernst was the son of Charles Philippe de Croÿ (1549–1613), who was the only son of Philippe II of Croÿ, Duke of Aarschot by his second wife, Princess Anna of Lorraine.
Their only son, Ernst Bogislaw von Croy (1620–1684), became the last Lutheran bishop of Kammin (now Kamień Pomorski).
# Que Se Sienta el Deseo

"Que Se Sienta el Deseo" is a song by Puerto Rican singer Wisin featuring also Puerto Rican singer Ricky Martin. It was released on September 4, 2015, as the second single from his third studio album, Los Vaqueros 3: La trilogía (2015).

## Music video

The music video was directed by Jessy Terrero and released on October 2, 2015.

## Chart performance

Que Se Sienta El Deseo entered the Billboard charts in September 2015 and peaked in December at number fifteen on the Hot Latin Songs (number four on Latin Airplay and number twelve on Latin Digital Songs). Other peaks include: number three on Latin Rhythm Airplay, number four on Latin Pop Airplay, number thirty-seven on Tropical Songs, and number seven on Latin Rhythm Digital Songs. "Que Se Sienta El Deseo" also reached number thirty-five on Mexican Espanol Airplay.

## Live performances

Wisin and Ricky Martin performed the song at the Latin Grammy Awards on November 19, 2015.

## Cover versions

"Que Se Sienta El Deseo" was covered by the contestants of Latin American singing competition series, La Banda. It was performed live during the semi-final on December 6, 2015.

## Charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| Mexico (Billboard Espanol Airplay) | 35 |
| US Hot Latin Songs (Billboard) | 15 |
| US Latin Airplay (Billboard) | 4 |
| US Latin Pop Airplay (Billboard) | 4 |
| US Latin Rhythm Airplay (Billboard) | 3 |
| US Tropical Airplay (Billboard) | 37 |
# Antoine-Pierre-Charles Favart

Antoine-Pierre-Charles Favart (6 October 1780 – 28 March 1867) was a 19th-century French playwright, painter, engraver and diplomat.

## Biography

Favart was born in Paris in 1784. He was the grandson of Charles-Simon Favart and Marie Justine Benoite Duronceray, a celebrated actress of her time. Favart's father, Charles Nicolas Joseph Favart, was also a dramatist and an actor.
Favart's works were published, his own plays were presented at Théâtre du Vaudeville. He also participated as costume designer to other boulevard plays such as Le sultan du Havre by Armand d'Artois and Henri Dupin (1810). Favart also edited his grandfather's Memoires.
He entered the French diplomatic service, where he gained some distinction. He became a consul of France in Russia, secretary of the Duke of Caraman and the Duke de Polignac, in charge of diplomatic missions, he established ties with the playwright and poet Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy of whom he made an oil portrait in 1846. He has left many caricatures in the press and portraits for the Galerie théâtrale. He was afterward appointed a consul in Mons (Belgium).
A student of Joseph-Benoît Suvée, he took part to the Salon of Paris from 1806 to 1839.

## Works

* 1808: La Jeunesse de Favart, one-act comédie anecdotique, in prose, mingled with comédie en vaudevilles, with Michel-Joseph Gentil de Chavagnac
* 1809: Le rival par amitié, comedy in 1 act and in prose, mingled with vaudevilles, with Henri-François Dumolard
* 1809: Roger-Bontemps, ou La fête des fous, with Henri Dupin
* 1810: Les six pantoufles ou Le rendez-vous des Cendrillons, folie-vaudeville in 1 act and in prose, with Armand d'Artois and Henri Dupin
# Al Chang

Al Chang (July 13, 1922 – September 30, 2007) was an American military photographer twice nominated for the Pulitzer Prize.
He was a dock worker in 1941 when he witnessed the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, and would later work as a military photographer for the United States Army, serving in World War II, and the Korean War and the Vietnam War. He briefly left the armed forces to work for National Geographic and the Associated Press during the Vietnam War, but then returned to work for the Army during the war.
His work includes photographs of the official surrender of Japan aboard the USS Missouri, but his best-known photograph is of an American Korean War infantryman being comforted by a fellow soldier after learning of the death of a friend; it was featured in Edward Steichen's The Family of Man.
# Don Hogan Charles

Don Hogan Charles (September 9, 1938 – December 15, 2017) was an American photographer. He was the first African-American staff photographer hired by The New York Times. In his four decades there, Charles photographed notable subjects including Coretta Scott King, John Lennon, Malcolm X and Muhammad Ali.

## Life and work

Charles was born "Daniel James Charles" in New York City on September 9, 1938, to James Charles and Elizabeth Ann Hogan who were immigrants from the Caribbean. He attended George Washington High School in Manhattan and went on to study engineering at City College of New York before dropping out to pursue photography.
In 1964, after leaving City College, Charles joined The New York Times and remained there for 43 years, until he retired in 2007.
Before joining The Times he worked as a freelance photographer. Charles's freelance work appeared in major international publications such as Der Spiegel and Paris Match. His commercial clients included Bill Blass, Oscar de la Renta, Pan American World Airways, and Eastern Air Lines.
Charles' often devoted his attention in capturing the neighborhood of Harlem. In Harlem he would photograph the day-to-day life of the busy community.
Charles' work is in the collections of MOMA and the National Museum of African American History and Culture.
Among the iconic photos taken by Charles was one of human rights activist Malcolm X holding an M1 carbine while peering out a window. The photo, which Charles took for Ebony, became emblematic of the determination of Malcolm X to protect his family "by any means necessary".

## Notable photographs

* USA, New York City, 1964 – Photograph of Malcolm X looking out of the window of his Queens home.
* Malcolm X guards his family in an iconic Ebony photo taken by Charles.
# State Immunity Act 1978

The State Immunity Act 1978 (c. 33) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which was passed to implement the European Convention on State Immunity of 1972 into British law. The doctrine of absolute state immunity was changed to one of restricted immunity, whereby a foreign state could be sued in the British courts for some certain activities, usually of a commercial nature.
In 1998 the defence attempted to use it during Augusto Pinochet's arrest and trial, but Lord Nicholls said that the Act flouted a battery of international legislation on human rights abuses to which Britain is a signatory, and would have meant, according to the arguments of Pinochet's legal team, that British law would have protected even Adolf Hitler.
In June 2006 the law was used to dismiss an appeal by three Britons (Sandy Mitchell, Les Walker and Ron Jones) and a Canadian (William Sampson) who were convicted and imprisoned for car bombings and illicit alcohol trading in Saudi Arabia. The Law Lords upheld an appeal by the government of Saudi Arabia against the four men who wished to sue the Saudi government for damages relating to alleged torture. Despite the ruling, the four continue to maintain that they were mistreated by Saudi officials both before and after they were jailed in November 2000. They were released from prison in 2003 on royal pardon.
In 2017 the Court of Appeal held that the employment rights of two Sudanese embassy workers were within the scope of the EU-derived Working Time Regulations; a decision subsequently affirmed by the Supreme Court at UKSC 62. Under UK domestic law, sections 4 and 16 the State Immunity Act 1978 should have operated to protect the embassies' immunity from actions arising from contracts of employment, thus barring the employees' claims. However, once it was established that the matter fell within EU law, Article 47 of the Charter, granting the right to a fair trial, gave the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court the power to 'protect' that right to the extent of overriding the inconsistent provisions of the 1978 act.
# Illeis bistigmosa

Illeis (Hibachi) bistigmosa, is a species of lady beetle native to India, and Sri Lanka.

## Description

Eyes are large, and moderately faceted. The interval between the eyes as wide as an eye. Mandibles are bifid at apex and more coarsely dentate at inner margin.

## Biology

It is a mycophagous coccinellid associated with powdery mildew in various crops such as mulberry where it feeds on the fungus, Phyllactinia corylea that causes powdery mildew of mulberry, and Erysiphe cichoracearum causing powdery mildew on sunflower.
# Chaîne de la Selle

Chaîne de la Selle (French pronunciation:) is a mountain range in Haiti, on the island of Hispaniola.
The range's Pic la Selle is the highest point of Haiti, at a height of 2,680 meters (8,793 feet) above sea level.
# British Columbia Highway 9

Highway 9, the Agassiz-Rosedale Highway, is a north-south route in the eastern part of the Fraser Valley. It acts as the last connection between the Trans Canada Highway (Highway 1) and the Lougheed Highway (Highway 7) eastbound before Hope, and is the main access to the resort village of Harrison Hot Springs and the town of Agassiz The highway first opened in 1953, originally going between Yale Road in Rosedale and Highway 7, with a ferry across the Fraser River. A bridge for Highway 9 across the Fraser opened in 1956. When the section of Highway 1 east of Chilliwack opened in 1961, Highway 9 was extended south to a junction with the new Highway 1 alignment, which replaced Yale Road as the main route between Chilliwack and Hope.

## Route details

Highway 9 is 16 km (10 mi) long. In the south, the Highway starts at an interchange on Highway 1 between Rosedale and the Bridal Falls area. Highway 9 travels north for 2.8 km (1.7 mi) to its 1.9-kilometre-long (1.2 mi) bridge over the Fraser River. After crossing the Fraser, Highway 9 travels north for 2.5 km (1.6 mi) to the centre of Agassiz. On the north side of Agassiz, Highway 9 meets Highway 7, and the two highways share a common alignment for 1.6 km (1.0 mi). Highway 9 then travels 6.4 km (4.0 mi) north to terminate at Harrison Hot Springs.

## Major intersections

From south to north. The entire route is in Fraser Valley Regional District.
| Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| ​ | 0.00 | 0.00 | Highway 1 (TCH) (Trans-Canada Highway) – Vancouver, Hope | Interchange (Hwy 1 Exit 135); Hwy 9 southern terminus |
| ​ | 0.54 | 0.34 | Yale Road – Chilliwack | Roundabout; former Hwy 1A west |
| ​ | 2.81– 4.67 | 1.75– 2.90 | Agassiz-Rosedale Bridge crosses the Fraser River | Agassiz-Rosedale Bridge crosses the Fraser River |
| Kent | 5.44 | 3.38 | Highway 915:2752 (Agassiz Bypass) to Highway 7 east – Hope | Hwy 915:2752 is unsigned |
| Kent | 7.67 | 4.77 | Highway 7 east (Lougheed Highway) – Hope | South end of Hwy 7 concurrency |
| Kent | 9.26 | 5.75 | Highway 7 west (Lougheed Highway) – Mission, Vancouver | North end of Hwy 7 concurrency |
| Harrison Hot Springs | 15.65 | 9.72 | Esplande Road | Hwy 9 northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus |||||
# Ernest Bachrach

Ernest A. Bachrach (1899 – 1973) was an American photographer.
Bachrach was born in 1899 and died in 1973. He attended Stuyvesant High School. He worked at Famous Players–Lasky "right after" World War I. Around 1923, he was working in Paramount Pictures's studio in Astoria, Queens, taking stills for Gloria Swanson films. When Swanson departed New York in 1926 after forming her own company, she asked Bachrach to come with her.
As of 1946, Bachrach had been a still photographer at RKO Pictures for 18 years. He founded RKO's still photography department in 1928 following RKO's merger with Film Booking Offices of America and headed the still photography department at RKO as of 1935. He took almost all the stills of Katharine Hepburn in the 1930s, while she was with RKO.
Bachrach used Graflex cameras "to capture spontaneity".
Scholar Patricia J. Fanning calls Bachrach "one of the premier portrait photographers in Hollywood".

## Publications

* Bachrach, Ernest A. (September 1932). "Personality and Pictorialism in Portraiture". American Cinematographer. 13 (5): 6–7, 28.
* Bachrach, Ernest A. (March 1940). "Review of U.S. Camera, 1940". International Photographer. 12 (2): 25.
# Shana, Hokkaido

Shana (Japanese: 紗那村, Shana-mura) is a village in Shana District on Iturup, located in the disputed Northern Territories area of the Kuril Islands. It is currently administered by Russia as part of Kurilsky District in Sakhalin Oblast, although Japan continues to claim it as part of Hokkaido Prefecture. After the Soviet invasion and occupation of the Kuril Islands in 1945, Shana became part of Kurilsky District as Kurilsk. The recorded population was 5,157 in 1989 and 3,634 in 2006.

## Geography

The municipality has an area of 973.30 square kilometres, or 375.79 square miles. It had a population of 1,426 as of 1945. This was the last piece of data recorded by Japan in the area.

### Adjacent municipalities

* Shibetoro, Shibetoro District
* Rubetsu, Etorofu District

## Economy

Shana's economy is based on fishing industry where trout, salmon and cod are the most common fish found. Whaling and algae collection are also some of its industries. Other land based industries include livestock such as grazing horses and cows, canning industry and fertilizer production.
# Aleksandr Golubyov

Aleksandr Golubyov (born 27 March 1964) is a Russian cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 30 kilometre classical event at the 1992 Winter Olympics.
# Vin Hannaford

Vincent George Hannaford (25 April 1885 – 6 March 1919) was a former Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Krzęcin, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Krzęcin (German: Kranzin) is a village in Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Krzęcin. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-east of Choszczno and 71 km (44 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
The village has a population of 1,200.
# Hines v. Davidowitz

Hines v. Davidowitz, 312 U.S. 52 (1941), is a case applying the law of conflict preemption. The United States Supreme Court held that a Pennsylvania state system of alien registration was superseded by a federal system (the Alien Registration Act) because it was an "obstacle to the accomplishment" of its goals.

## Background

Pennsylvania passed a statute requiring aliens to register with the state, carry a state-issued identification card, and pay a small registration fee. The next year, Congress enacted a law requiring alien registration, but it did not require aliens to carry an identification card. The plaintiff conceded that there was neither explicit preemption nor field preemption.

## Opinion

The Court applied the prong of preemption doctrine which inquires whether state "law stands as an obstacle to the accomplishment and execution of the full purposes and objectives of Congress." Under the preemption doctrine, enforcement of a state alien registration law was barred by the federal Alien Registration Act.
Justice Hugo L. Black emphasized the supremacy of federal power over this area of law:
   That the supremacy of the national power in the general field of foreign affairs, including power over immigration, naturalization and deportation, is made clear by the Constitution, was pointed out by the authors of The Federalist in 1787, and has since been given continuous recognition by this Court. When the national government by treaty or statute has established rules and regulations touching the rights, privileges, obligations or burdens of aliens as such, the treaty or statute is the supreme law of the land. No state can add to or take from the force and effect of such treaty or statute, for Article 6 of the Constitution provides that "This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding." The Federal Government, representing as it does the collective interests of the forty-eight states, is entrusted with full and exclusive responsibility for the conduct of affairs with foreign sovereignties. "For local interests the several States of the Union exist, but for national purposes, embracing our relations with foreign nations, we are but one people, one nation, one power.
In his dissent, Justice Stone noted the absence of any conflict between state and federal laws or any express congressional prohibition of state regulation.
# When Did You Stop Loving Me

"When Did You Stop Loving Me" is a song written by Donny Kees and Monty Holmes and recorded by American country music artist George Strait. It was released in April 1993 as the third and final single from his album Pure Country. The song reached both No. 6 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart.

## Chart performance

"When Did You Stop Loving Me" debuted at number 62 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of May 1, 1993.
| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 6 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 6 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1993) | Position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 82 |
| US Country Songs (Billboard) | 72 |

## Other versions

* George Jones covered the song on his 1998 album It Don't Get Any Better Than This and on the same record label (MCA Records).
# Oswald Miller

Oswald Miller (born 1892, date of death unknown) was a Polish cyclist. He competed in two events at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# 1990 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque

The 1990 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in the United States that was part of the Tier IV category of the 1990 WTA Tour. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held from August 6 through August 12, 1990. First-seeded Jana Novotná won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Jana Novotná defeated Laura Gildemeister 6–4, 6–4
* It was Novotná's only singles title of the year and the 3rd of her career.

### Doubles

Meredith McGrath / Anne Smith defeated Peanut Louie Harper / Wendy White 7–6$^{(7–2)}$, 6–4
* It was McGrath's 2nd doubles title of the year and the 4th of her career. It was Smith's 2nd doubles title of the year and the 30th of her career.
# Bérénice (rocket)

Bérénice was the designation of a four-stage French atmospheric reentry test rocket, developed by O.N.E.R.A. (Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales).

## Description

Bérénice was 13.25 m (43.5 ft) long, possessed a diameter of 0.56 m (1.8 ft) and weighed 3,340 kg (7,360 lb) at launch. The takeoff thrust of Bérénice, which could carry a payload of 3,340 kg (7,360 lb) to a height of 1,000 km (620 mi), amounted to 170 kN (38,000 lbf). The first stage, a SEPR-739 Stromboli, was stabilised by four SEPR-P167 rockets developing 34 kN (7,600 lbf). The second stage consisted of a SEPR-740 Stromboli, almost identical to the first stage. The third stage was a SEPR-P200 Tramontane and the fourth stage comprised a Mélanie rocket and payload.

## Launches

The twelve production rockets, Bérénice 001 to Bérénice 012, were launched by ONERA from Ile du Levant from 1962 to 1966.
| Date | Mission Description | Apogee (km) |
| 1962 June 27 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1962 Q3 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1962 July 6 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1962 November 1 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1963 June 27 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1963 July 3 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1964 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1964 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1964 October 1 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 250 |
| 1964 October 1 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 250 |
| 1965 | Re-entry Vehicle test | 270 |
| 1966 | Titus test / solar mission | 270 |