OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rip Raps

Rip Raps is a small 15 acre (60,000 m$^2$) artificial island at the mouth of the harbor area known as Hampton Roads in the independent city of Hampton in southeastern Virginia in the United States. Its name is derived from the Rip Rap Shoals in Hampton Roads, which also gave their name to a 19th-century criminal gang. In 2020 the island was converted into a bird sanctuary, and routine public access was terminated.

## History
### Hampton Roads harbor defenses

Rip Raps was originally built in 1817 as part of the harbor defenses to provide a setting on the south side of the navigation channel for Fort Wool (built originally in 1830 and named Fort Calhoun but renamed during the Civil War and rebuilt in 1902), the companion to Fort Monroe (on the northern side of the channel) in protecting access to Hampton Roads with an anti-submarine net. Fort Wool was decommissioned after World War II. It was ceded to Virginia in 1967, and transferred to Hampton, Virginia.
President Andrew Jackson used it as a retreat, visiting between August 19, 1829 through August 16, 1835.
Rip Raps is located adjacent to one of the unnamed man-made islands of the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel, which was initially completed and opened to traffic in 1957. However, Rip Raps and Fort Wool were accessible to the public by water via harbor tours until 2020.

### 19th-century criminal gang

The Rip Rap shoals in Hampton Roads were likely also the source of the name of the Rip Raps, a notorious Baltimore gang during the Know-Nothing movement. The Baltimore Rip Raps included several sailors familiar with the waters of the Chesapeake Bay. They were affiliated with the American Party and specifically the Plug Uglies, another American gang. The Rip Raps fought several street battles with their sharpest rivals—the Democratic rowdies associated with the New Market Fire Company. At the October 1856 municipal election, the Rip Raps attacked the New Market engine house, leading to two deaths and the wounding of several prominent fighting men. The battle was one of a series of confrontations in the Know-Nothing Riot of 1856 that day and at the ensuing presidential election. The confrontations left seventeen dead. Prominent Rip Raps included Gregory Barrett Jr., William "Kitty" Chambers, Elijah "Boney" Lee, and Marion "Mal" Cropp.
# Alby Law

Albert Reeves Law (24 December 1929 – 17 May 1970) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Essendon Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Law won a VFL reserves premiership for Essendon in 1952 before returning to his old side Moe in the Latrobe Valley Football League.
He later coached Moe's reserves and then seniors, leading the team to a senior premiership in 1967.
He was employed by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria.
# R-spondin 1

R-spondin-1 is a secreted protein that in humans is encoded by the RSPO1 gene, found on chromosome 1. In humans, it interacts with WNT4 in the process of female sex development. Loss of function can cause female to male sex reversal. Furthermore, it promotes canonical WNT/β catenin signaling.

## Structure

The protein has two cysteine-rich, furin-like domains and one thrombospondin type 1 domain.

## Function
### Sex development
#### Early gonads

RSPO1 is required for the early development of gonads, regardless of sex. It has been found in mice only eleven days after fertilization. To induce cell proliferation, it acts synergistically with WNT4. They help stabilize β-catenin, which activates downstream targets. If both are deficient in XY mice, there is less expression of SRY and a reduction in the amount of SOX9. Moreover, defects in vascularization are found. These occurrences result in testicular hypoplasia. Male to female sex reversal, however, does not occur because Leydig cells remain normal. They are maintained by steroidogenic cells, now unrepressed.

#### Ovaries

RSPO1 is necessary in female sex development. It augments the WNT/β catenin pathway to oppose male sex development. In critical gonadal stages, between six and nine weeks after fertilization, the ovaries upregulate it while the testes downregulate it.

### Mucositis

Oral mucosa has been identified as a target tissue for RSPO1. When administered to normal mice, it causes nuclear translocation of β-catenin to this region. Modulation of the WNT/β catenin pathway occurs through the relief of Dkk1 inhibition. This occurrence results in increased basal cellularity, thickened mucosa, and elevated epithelial cell proliferation in the tongue. RSPO1 can therefore potentially aid in the treatment of mucositis, which is characterized by inflammation of the oral cavity. This unfortunate condition often accompanies chemotherapy and radiation in cancer patients with head and neck tumors. RSPO1 has also been shown to promote gastrointestinal epithelial cell proliferation in mice.
# Carya palmeri

Carya palmeri, the Mexican hickory, is a tree species native to Mexico. It was first described by Wayne Eyer Manning. Carya palmeri is part of the genus Carya, and the family Juglandaceae.

## Range

Carya palmeri is endemic to Mexico and is found in the mountains of Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, and Vera Cruz It also occurs in San Luis Potosí. The tree grows on steep slopes, often in association with Carya myristiciformis.
# 3ZE

3ZE was a radio station in Ashburton, New Zealand.
The station was originally launched on 873 AM frequency as a local station operated by the government owned Radio New Zealand, the station was originally branded as its callsign 3ZE. The station operated out of the second floor of the former Loan Society Building on Tancred Street, before moving across the road to Highgate House in the early 1990s.

## Change of ownership

In July 1996 the New Zealand Government sold off the commercial arm of Radio New Zealand, the sale included 3ZE. The new owner was The Radio Network, a subsidiary of APN News & Media and Clear Channel Communications, which operated as a division of the Australian Radio Network.
In 1998 The Radio Network grouped all their local stations in smaller markets together to form the Community Radio Network. 3ZE continued to run a local breakfast show between 6 am and 10 am but outside breakfast all stations part of the Community Radio Network took network programming from a central studio based in Taupo. The station added an FM frequency which improved reception and suited the inclusion of a significant amount of music within its programme, becoming 92.5 3ZE FM. 3ZE's AM frequency is now used to re-broadcast Newstalk ZB.

## Rebranding to Classic Hits 92.5 ZEFM

On December 1, 2000 the Community Radio Network was discontinued and all stations become part of the Classic Hits FM network, as a result 3ZE was rebranded as Classic Hits 92.5 ZEFM. The station continued to run a local breakfast but now outside breakfast all programming originated from the Classic Hits studios in Auckland. In the early 2010s the station moved to the newly redeveloped Somerset House.

## Rebranding to The Hits

On April 28, 2014 all stations part of the Classic Hits network were rebranded as The Hits. A networked breakfast presented by Polly Gillespie and Grant Kareama was introduced to almost all The Hits stations with the former breakfast announcer moved to present a 6-hour show between 9 am and 3 pm. At this stage breakfast presenter, Phill Hooper, was moved to the 9 am-3 pm timeslot.

## Replacement with Hokonui

When the station was branded from Classic Hits to The Hits feedback from local listeners in the Ashburton region was not positive, both with the removal of the local breakfast and change in music format. A decision was made later in 2014 to network Gore based radio station Hokonui into the Ashburton market using the 92.5FM frequency and have Phill Hooper present a local breakfast on this station to Ashburton listeners.
The Hits remains in the Ashburton region on 89.3FM running total network programming.
# La Estrella del Oriente

La Estrella del Oriente is a newspaper published in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. It was founded in 1864 (the first issue was released on January 1) as the first newspaper published in the city, with Tristán Roca as its first director
In December 2014 it announced a special book series covering its 150-year history.
# Omer Brandt

Omer Brandt (1926-2019) was a Canadian ice hockey forward who played for Colorado College in the 1950s.

## Career

Brandt earned a college scholarship through his ability on the ice and began attending Colorado College in 1949. While he was with the freshman team, CC won its first National Championship. When Brandt joined the varsity squad the following year, he became an instant hit on offense, finishing as one of the top scorers in the nation with 59 points in 25 games. Brant helped CC return to the national tournament but the defense faltered and the Tigers allowed 15 goals in 2 games, finishing 4th. Brandt nearly repeated his performance in his junior season, finishing with 54 points in 25 games, and earned recognition on the All-MCHL First Team and was an AHCA Second Team All-American.
Colorado College again made the tournament and were heading for the same fate when they fell behind Yale 0–3 in the first period, but Brandt scored CC's first goal and began a monumental comeback that saw the Tigers win 4–3. In the championship game, however, Michigan was too much for the Tigers and Brandt's team lost 1–4. Many of CC's top players graduated in 1952 and weren't readily replaced, causing the Tigers to drop in the standings the following year. Brandt's point total slipped to 34 in 20 games but he still led the team in scoring.
Brandt graduated from Colorado College while majoring in Physics and math and returned to Canada to take a job with Mobil Oil. He remained with the company for 35 years, moving around Canada and the United States, before settling in Calgary where he remained after his retirement.

## Personal

Omer and his wife Sophie raised four boys in the Calgary area.

## Statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1950–51 | Colorado College | NCAA | 25 | 25 | 34 | 59 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1951–52 | Colorado College | MCHL | 25 | 30 | 24 | 54 | 29 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1952–53 | Colorado College | MCHL | 20 | 15 | 19 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| NCAA totals | NCAA totals | NCAA totals | 70 | 70 | 77 | 147 | — | — | — | — | — | — |

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |
| NCAA All-Tournament Second Team | 1951 |
| All-MCHL First Team | 1951–52 |
| AHCA First Team All-American | 1951–52 |
# Leon Gemmell

Leon Colin Gemmell (12 March 1921 – 29 December 1992) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# George Condon

George Leslie Condon (6 July 1906 – 7 July 1976) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Paul Williams (footballer, born 1965)

Paul Anthony Williams (born 16 August 1965) is an English football coach and former professional footballer who played as a striker.
As a player he made 300 appearances in the Premier League for Crystal Palace as well as in the Football League for Charlton Athletic, Brentford, Sheffield Wednesday, Sunderland, Birmingham City, Torquay United and Southend United. He retired in 2000 whilst with Non-league side Canvey Island. He was capped by England at under-21 and B international level.
Since retiring from playing Williams returned to former clubs Charlton Athletic and Crystal Palace where he was an academy coach before emigrating to Florida to coach youth soccer and run personalized trainings.

## Playing career

Born in Stratford, East London, Williams was signed by First Division Charlton Athletic from non-league Woodford Town in 1987. Where he was top goal scorer for two successive seasons. This prompted Ron Atkinson to spend nearly a million pounds to bring the Londoner to Sheffield Wednesday in 1990, where he enjoyed a productive partnership with David Hirst. That season he won a League Cup medal at Wembley Stadium when Wednesday defeated Manchester United 1–0. In the same season, Wednesday achieved promotion back to the First Division. Williams moved back to London with Crystal Palace in 1992, in a swap deal involving Mark Bright. In season 1993–94 he won a Football League First Division (second tier) winners medal with Crystal Palace and was second top goal scorer behind Chris Armstrong.
After loans with Sunderland and Birmingham City he returned to Charlton Athletic, followed by a few months at Torquay United before ending his league career with Southend United in 1998, due to injuries.
From there, Williams went on to complete two very successful years playing and coaching at Canvey Island. While there, the club gained consecutive promotions and won two league Cups. His professional career ended in late 2000 when he announced his retirement.

## Coaching career

Williams continued coaching at the Charlton and Crystal Palace youth academies, before moving to South Florida in 2012, where he was the director of the Florida Fire Juniors who were affiliated with MLS team Chicago Fire, and he was the coach for several teams in the Naples area like Azzurri Storm, who are affiliated with Orlando City. He also runs personalized trainings in a program called "Premier Soccer Academy", and was the head coach of Seacrest Country Day School's soccer team.

## Honours
### Sheffield Wednesday

* League Cup winner: 1991
* 1st Division Runners-up: 1991

### Crystal Palace

* * 1st Division Champions Medal: 1993
# Aikim Andrews

Aikim Andrews (born 20 June 1996) is a Trinidadian professional footballer.

## Career
### Professional

Andrews started his career with W Connection F.C. in the TT Pro League. He made 6 appearances with W Connection in the 2015-2016 CONCACAF Champions League.
On April 3, 2017 Andrews signed a professional contract with Toronto FC II of USL.
# Ky Laffoon

Ky Laffoon (December 23, 1908 – March 17, 1984) was an American professional golfer. (Birthdate also stated as December 24, 1907.) He won 10 times on the PGA Tour, with four of the victories coming in 1934. He played on the 1935 Ryder Cup team. In 1939, his wife Irene threatened to leave him if he could not control his temper on golf course. Next tournament after two rounds he came to 15th hole and his ball was buried in honeysuckle. After missing three shots, he starting shouting cuss words that all the spectators could hear. His wife was one of the spectators and headed for the clubhouse after the outburst. Ky ran after her and pleaded that he wasn't cussing at his golf game, he just hates honeysuckle. He was born in Zinc, Arkansas and died in Springfield, Missouri.

## PGA Tour wins (10)

* 1933 (1) Nebraska Open
* 1934 (4) Atlanta Open, Hershey Open, Glens Falls Open, Eastern Open Championship
* 1935 (1) Phoenix Open
* 1936 (1) Inverness Invitational Four-Ball (with Walter Hagen)
* 1938 (2) Cleveland Open, Miami International Four-Ball (with Dick Metz)
* 1946 (1) Montgomery Invitational

## Other wins

this list is probably incomplete
* 1933 Utah Open
* 1950 Illinois PGA Championship

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 |
| Masters Tournament | NYF | NYF | T18 | T28 | T6 | 5 | T27 | T22 | WD | | NT | NT | NT | T4 | T33 | T35 |
| U.S. Open | CUT | T26 | T23 | T28 | T5 | T20 | CUT | T9 | DQ | NT | NT | NT | NT | | | |
| PGA Championship | | | R16 | R16 | R32 | SF | R32 | R32 | R64 | R16 | NT | | QF | | QF | R16 |
Note: Laffoon never played in The Open Championship.
NYF = tournament not yet founded NT = no tournament WD = withdrew DQ = disqualified CUT = missed the half-way cut R64, R32, R16, QF, SF = round in which player lost in PGA Championship match play "T" indicates a tie for a place

### Summary

| Tournament | Wins | 2nd | 3rd | Top-5 | Top-10 | Top-25 | Events | Cuts made |
| Masters Tournament | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 9 |
| U.S. Open | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 6 |
| The Open Championship | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PGA Championship | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 11 |
| Totals | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 12 | 19 | 30 | 26 |
* Most consecutive cuts made – 14 (1933 U.S. Open – 1938 Masters)
* Longest streak of top-10s – 3 (1935 PGA – 1936 U.S. Open)

## In popular culture

The song by Honky Tonk artist Dan Whitaker and written by Pete Covitz entitled "Ky Laffoon's Last Stand" documents his life.
# Félix Welkenhuysen

Félix Welkenhuysen was a Belgian footballer, born 12 December 1908 in Saint-Gilles (Belgium), died 20 April 1980.

## Biography

He was a defender for Union Saint-Gilloise in the 1930s. He was part of the Union 60, the name given to the team unbeaten in Division 1 for 60 matches between 9 January 1933 (Union-Lierse SK, 2–2) and 10 February 1935 (Daring Bruxelles-Union 2–0). He was also Champion of Belgium three times, consecutively.
For the most of this legendary era, he was a Belgian international. He played four games for the Diables Rouges in 1934 including one game in the preliminary round of the Italy World Cup against Germany (lost, 5–2).

## Honours

* Belgian international in 1934 (4 caps)
* First cap: 20 February 1934, Ireland-Belgium, 4–4 (friendly match)
* Participation in the 1934 World Cup (played 1 match)
* Champion of Belgium in 1933, 1934 and 1935 with R. Union Saint-Gilloise
# Kamikawa (Teshio) District, Hokkaido

Kamikawa (上川郡 (天塩国), Kamikawa-gun (Teshio no kuni)) is a district located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. Confusingly, there is a district of the same name, Kamikawa (Ishikari) District, in the same subprefecture. In 1869, when Hokkaido was divided into 11 provinces and 86 districts, this Kamikawa District was placed under Teshio Province. The name is derived from its location at the headwaters of the Teshio River, whereas the other Kamikawa District is named after the headwaters of the Ishikari River. There is a third district with this name in Hokkaido, see Kamikawa (Tokachi) District.
As of 2004, the district has an estimated population of 19,531 and a density of 11.21 persons per km$^2$. The total area is 1,742.85 km$^2$.

## Towns and villages

* Kenbuchi
* Shimokawa
* Wassamu

## Mergers

* On September 1, 2005, the town of Asahi was merged into the city of Shibetsu.
* On March 27, 2006, the town of Fūren was merged into the city of Nayoro.
# Dick Starrak

Richard Bonar Starrak (1927-2010) was a Canadian ice hockey forward and defenseman who played for Michigan.

## Career

Starrak started his college career in 1945 just as many college hockey programs were restarting after World War II. After joining the varsity team in his sophomore year he helped lay the foundation for the Wolveines to be the dominant power for college hockey. The NCAA instituted a national tournament for the 1948 season and Starrak helped Michigan win the inaugural tournament. After graduating he played one year of minor hockey before retiring as a player.
He worked for several companies in the lumber industry over the course of his professional career including the Capilano Timber Company in Vancouver. He eventually rose to become the president of the George McQuesten Lumber Company and retired to live in Boxford, Massachusetts.

## Personal life

Starrak's brother Jim Starrak also played college hockey, winning a national championship with Colorado College.

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |
| AHCA First Team All-American | 1948–49 |
# Reg Hammond

Reg Hammond (15 June 1920 – 19 September 1981) was a former Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Jim Crossan (Australian footballer)

James Britten Hannah Crossan (19 December 1902 – 19 April 1979) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
He later served in the Royal Australian Air Force in Papua New Guinea during World War II.
# Kevon Clement

Kevon Clement (born October 23, 1983, in Trinidad) is a Trinidad and Tobago football player, who plays as a midfielder for United Petrotrin (TT Pro League).

## International career

He is also current member of the U-23 team from Soca Warriors.
# The Greenwich Village Follies of 1919

The Greenwich Village Follies of 1919 is a musical revue in two acts with music by A. Baldwin Sloane and lyrics co-authored by John Murray Anderson and Arthur Swanstrom. Anderson also wrote the book in collaboration with Philip Bartholomae. The first of The Greenwich Village Follies series of revues, the work premiered Off-Broadway at the Greenwich Village Theatre on July 15, 1919. Theatre scholar Thomas S. Hischak described it as "the first Off-Broadway musical to gain wide recognition in New York", and credited designer Charles Buckles Falls for adopting many new innovations in set design both original to him and from Europe which had a significant impact on future set design on Broadway. Shirley Baker was also praised for her costume designs.
The Greenwich Village Follies transferred to Broadway where it opened at the Nora Bayes Theatre on September 9, 1919. It's final performance on Broadway was on January 31, 1920. Collectively, the show was performed a total of 232 times between the two theaters. The production starred Bessie McCoy Davis, Cecil Cunningham, Harry Delf, Bobby Edwards, Harry K. Morton, and Ted Lewis and his Orchestra.
# Henry Spring (rugby union)

Henry Robert Spring (born 14 March 2001) is a Fijian international rugby union player
Born in Suva, Spring is the fourth oldest of seven siblings and attended Queen Victoria School, which he captained to an under-15s Deans Cup title in 2015, before taking up a scholarship to France as a 16-year old.
Spring played with Stade Français from 2019 to 2023. He was called into the Fijian squad touring Europe in 2021, as a development opportunity, and made his international debut against Spain in Madrid, coming on off the bench to replace hooker Sam Matavesi for the final 15 minutes of the match.
# Oliver Houston

Oliver Houston was an American emo band from Grand Rapids, Michigan.

## History

Oliver Houston formed in 2011 as a side project for vocalist Kyle Luck and drummer Garret Cabello's band The Exploration. The band released their first EP, The Dork Ages, in early 2015, and released it on 7" vinyl through Broken World Media and Too Far Gone Records later the same year. The band's debut full-length album, titled Whatever Works, was self released on January 23, 2017. They released their final EP, Mixed Reviews, on November 29, 2018, along with an announcement of their breakup. Oliver Houston played their final show, an unannounced set, on Friday, September 28, 2018, at The Witch House in Grand Rapids, MI.

## Band members

* Kyle Luck (vocals, guitar)
* Matthew Mancilla McCue (vocals, bass)
* Garret Cabello (drums)
* James Sullivan (guitar)
Former members
* Matthew Terrian (guitar) (2016-2017)
* Caleb Jorgenson (guitar) (2015)

## Discography

Studio albums
* Whatever Works (2017, Self Released)
* Mixed Reviews (2018, Self Released)
EPs
* The Dork Ages (2015, Too Far Gone Records / Broken World Media / Self Released)
# Dennis Hall (footballer)

Dennis Hall (13 December 1923 – 15 February 2005) was a former Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Valeri Tumaykin

Valeri Vladimirovich Tumaykin (Russian: Валерий Владимирович Тумайкин; 6 January 1968 – 13 September 1994) was a Russian professional footballer.

## Club career

Tumaykin made his professional debut in the Soviet Second League for FC Krylia Sovetov Kuybyshev on 25 April 1986. He helped Krylia Sovetov finish second in the Second League during the 1991 season, winning promotion to the Soviet Top League for the following season. He played three seasons in the Top League, appearing in 62 league matches before his death in 1994.

## Death

Tumaykin had accumulated significant personal debts and committed suicide at age 26 on 13 September 1994 by jumping out of the apartment window.