OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Span

Span may refer to:

## Science, technology and engineering

* Span (unit), the width of a human hand
* Span (engineering), a section between two intermediate supports
* Wingspan, the distance between the wingtips of a bird or aircraft
* Sorbitan esters, also known as a spans
* Nebbiolo, an Italian wine grape also known as Span

### Mathematics

* Linear span, or simply span, in linear algebra
* Span (category theory)

### Computing

* <span>, an HTML element; See div and span
* Switched Port Analyzer, Cisco implementation of port mirroring
* Smartphone ad hoc network
* Critical path length in analysis of parallel algorithms

## Other uses

* Span (band), a Norwegian rock band
* Span (design firm), an American design studio
* SPAN magazine, a publication of the US Embassy, New Delhi, India; see former editor V. D. Trivadi
* Saudi Payments Network
* CME SPAN, Standard Portfolio Analysis of Risk, for futures contracts
* Span Developments, former UK builder

## People

* Denard Span (born 1984), a baseball outfielder
* Henrik Span Danish shipbuilder and admiral (1634–1694)
* Span., taxonomic author abbreviation of Johan Baptist Spanoghe (1798–1838), Dutch botanical collector
# Zarivar Rural District

Zarivar Rural District (Persian: دهستان زريوار) is in the Central District of Marivan County, Kurdistan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Ney.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 9,381 in 2,045 households. There were 9,773 inhabitants in 2,486 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 9,828 in 2,720 households. The most populous of its 19 villages was Ney, with 2,691 people.
# Joculator drivasi

Joculator drivasi is a species of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cerithiopsidae. It was described by Cecalupo and Perugia in 2012.
# Laura Torrisi

Laura Torrisi (born 7 December 1979) is an Italian actress. Born in Sicily, she has participated in the Italian version of the reality show Big Brother and was a finalist in the Miss Italia 1998 beauty pageant. She had her first acting role in the 1998 film Mr. Fifteen Balls.

## Filmography
### Film

* Mr. Fifteen Balls, by Francesco Nuti (1998)
* Lucignolo, by Massimo Ceccherini (1999)
* A Beautiful Wife, by Leonardo Pieraccioni (2007)
* Sharm el Sheikh - Un'estate indimenticabile, (2010)

### Television

* Il peccato e la vergogna, by Luigi Parisi - TV series (2010–2014)
* L'onore e il rispetto, by Salvatore Samperi - TV series (2009–2015)
* Le tre rose di Eva 4, by Raffaele Mertes - TV series (2017)
* Sacrificio d'amore - TV series (2017)
* Furore - Il vento della speranza 2, (2018)
# Serghei Cechir

Serghei Cechir (born 15 October 1990) is a Moldovan weightlifter who competes in the 69 kg division. He placed sixth at the 2016 Olympics. He won the bronze medal overall at the 2014 European Weightlifting Championships.

## Major results

| Year | Venue | Weight | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total | Rank |
| Year | Venue | Weight | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | Total | Rank |
| World Championships |||||||||||||
| 2015 | Houston, United States | 69 kg | 138 | 143 | 147 | 10 | 170 | 176 | 176 | 19 | 313 | 14 |
| 2014 | Almaty, Kazakhstan | 69 kg | 138 | 142 | 142 | 11 | 171 | 172 | 172 | --- | 0 | --- |
| European Weightlifting Championships |||||||||||||
| 2012 | Antalya, Turkey | 69 kg | 135 | 135 | 140 | 8 | 165 | 171 | 175 | | 315 | 5 |
| 2013 | | 69 kg | 137 | 141 | 143 | | 167 | 172 | 174 | 6 | 310 | 4 |
| 2014 | | 69 kg | 136 | 141 | 143 | | 169 | 172 | 175 | | 315 | |
| 2015 | | 69 kg | 138 | 143 | 146 | 4 | 168 | 175 | 176 | 6 | 311 | 5 |
# Blanche of France, Infanta of Castile

Blanche of France (French: Blanche de France) (1253–1323) was a daughter of King Louis IX of France and Margaret of Provence.

## Biography

Blanche was born in 1253 in Jaffa, County of Jaffa and Ascalon during the Seventh Crusade led by her father, Louis IX of France.
In November 1269, she married Ferdinand de la Cerda, Infante of Castile, eldest son of Alfonso X of Castile and Violant of Aragon. They had:
* Alfonso (1270–1333), who married Mahaut, daughter of John I of Brienne, Count of Eu. They had four sons and three daughters.
* Ferdinand (1275–1322), who married Juana Núñez de Lara, called "la Palomilla", Lady of Lara and Herrera, daughter of Juan Núñez I de Lara and Teresa Álvarez de Azagra. They had one son and three daughters. One daughter, Blanca de La Cerda y Lara, was the mother-in-law of King Henry II of Castile.
Ferdinand predeceased his father in 1275 at Ciudad Real. Blanche and Ferdinand's sons did not inherit the throne of their grandfather, since their uncle, the second son, Sancho, enforced his claim, even by rebelling. Blanche's brother Philip warned Sancho that he would invade Castile on behalf of his two nephews.
Blanche left Castile never to return. Her sons were sent to live with their grandmother Violant of Aragon who had them sent to the fortress of Xàtiva so they would be safe from Sancho.
Blanche died at the Monastère des Clarisses de l’Ave Maria, in Paris, in 1323.
# Gordon Brunnen

Gordon James Brunnen (11 May 1922 – 20 March 2008) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda and Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Prior to playing VFL football, Brunnen served in the Royal Australian Navy during World War II.
# Nedyus flavicaudis

Nedyus flavicaudis is a species of minute seed weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America.
# Werner Klatt

Werner Klatt (21 December 1948 – 3 April 2022) was a German rower who competed for East Germany in the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born in Schöneberg. In 1976, he was a crew member of the East German boat, which won the gold medal in the eight event.
# Jonava Market

The Jonava Market is a local market in the city of Jonava, Lithuania.

## History

The Jonava Market was established in the 18–19th century. It became famous as a marketplace for grains and horses. In 2010, the Jonava Market was renovated: a roof was added over the food section, more pavilions were built, and indoor stalls were renovated.
55°04′35″N 24°16′53″E﻿ / ﻿55.07639°N 24.28139°E﻿ / 55.07639; 24.28139
# Stadnica

Stadnica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Banie Mazurskie, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.
# Operation Earnest Voice

Operation Earnest Voice (OEV) is a communications program by the United States Central Command (CENTCOM). Initially, the program was developed as a psychological weapon to support coalition forces during the Iraq War. It was thought to have been later directed at jihadists in Pakistan, Afghanistan as well as countries in the Middle East.

## Details

OEV was first used in Iraq. In 2011, the US government signed a $2.8 million contract with the Ntrepid web-security company to develop specialized software, allowing agents of the US government to post propaganda on "foreign-language websites". The aim of the initiative is to use sockpuppets to spread pro-American propaganda on social networking services based outside of the United States.
Main characteristics of the software, as stated in the software development request, are:
* Fifty user "operator" licenses, 10 sockpuppets controllable by each user.
* Sockpuppets are to be "replete with background, history, supporting details, and cyber presences that are technically, culturally and geographically consistent." Sockpuppets are to "be able to appear to originate in nearly any part of the world."
* A special secure VPN, allowing sockpuppets to appear to be posting from "randomly selected IP addresses," in order to "hide the existence of the operation."
* Fifty static IP addresses to enable government agencies to "manage their persistent online personas," with identities of government and enterprise organizations protected which will allow for different state agents to use the same sockpuppet, and easily switch between different sockpuppets to "look like ordinary users as opposed to one organization."
* Nine private servers, "based on the geographic area of operations the customer is operating within and which allow a customer's online persona(s) to appear to originate from." These servers should use commercial hosting centers around the world.
* Virtual machine environments, deleted after each session termination, to avoid interaction with "any virus, worm, or malicious software."

## Statements

CENTCOM commander David Petraeus, in his congressional testimony, stated that Operation Earnest Voice would "reach [a country's] regional audiences through traditional media, as well as via Web sites and regional public-affairs blogging," as an effort to "counter extremist ideology and propaganda". However, his successor, Jim Mattis, altered the program to have "regional blogging" fall under general CENTCOM public-affairs activity. On how they would operate on these blogs, Petraeus said: "We bring out the moderate voices. We amplify those. And in more detail, we detect and we flag if there is adversary, hostile, corrosive content in some open-source Web forum, [and] we engage with the Web administrators to show that this violates Web site provider policies."
# Gopi Chandra Parki

Gopi Chandra Parki (Nepali: गोपी चन्द्र पार्की; born 7 July 1989) is a Nepalese long-distance runner. He won a gold medal in the 13th South Asian Games. He is a member of the Armed Police Force of Nepal.
Parki was initially selected to represent Nepal in the marathon at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics via the universality rule but was not included on the final team.
# Barry Waters

Barry Reginald Waters OAM (29 December 1928 – 8 July 2023) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Fitzroy Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Auleutes tuberculatus

Auleutes tuberculatus is a species of minute seed weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America.
# Shyer

Shyer is a surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Charles Shyer (1941–2024), American film director, screenwriter and producer
* Christopher Shyer, Canadian actor
* Hallie Meyers-Shyer (born 1987), American film actress, director and writer
* Melville Shyer (1895–1968), American film director, screenwriter and producer
# Me (Aoxuan Lee EP)

ME is the first solo piano work EP by Chinese male singer Aoxuan Lee. It was available for pre-purchase on August 30, 2019, and officially released on September 30. The EP was once interpreted by the Japanese media as an EP of Lee's inner anatomy. After the EP was released in Japan, it was loved and praised by Japanese people.

## EP concept

This piano EP is named after "ME” for the thoughts of calling on people to be their true selves and exploring one's inner heart. All the music compositions recorded in the EP were written by Aoxuan Lee after his being through some matters in the past.

## Background

In December 2018, Lee cooperated with Japanese female singer Aizawa and released the Chinese and Japanese multinational single "San Er Yi". Which became a Top 100 popular single of Japanese Christmas in 2018. In May 2019, the piano cure album "Famous Chinese Songs (Time Boils the Rain)" was released in Japan, the album features Chinese classic songs from 1980 to 2010. In July 2019, the network was exposed to news that Lee is about to release a piano EP, but the brokerage company did not make a statement. Until August, the brokerage company of Lee confirmed the authenticity of the news. In September, he was invited to attend the 15th National Electronic Keyboard Music Conference in Japan (100th anniversary of the birth of electronic musical instruments), Until 2019, Aoxuan Lee became the first foreigner holder to attend the conference for seven consecutive years.

## Creative work

The piano EP is named after "ME", the purpose is return to the truest self, to explore the heart from the perspective of the first person. All the musical works included in the EP are based on the mentality of some of the things that Lee experienced in the past. Lee has been interested in psychology for the past two years, he began to explore and explore his heart through the books of psychologist Carl Gustav Jung. By constantly digging into your heart, Lee associates with the theme of "ME". When everyone starts to face themselves, the feedback is beautiful, more love and empathy. It is not easy to criticize yourself and criticize others when you decide. The birth of the new EP is the process of Lee's continuous exploration and understanding of himself.
# Spaceflight, Inc.

Spaceflight, Inc. is an American aerospace company based out of Seattle, Washington, that specializes in organizing rideshare space launches of secondary payloads. It was part of Spaceflight Industries until June 2020.
Spaceflight was founded in 2009, as Spaceflight Services by Jason Andrews, with Curt Blake joining soon thereafter as SVP and General Counsel. Prior to founding Spaceflight, Andrews worked at Kistler Aerospace and founded Andrews Space in 1999. Blake has previous experience at Microsoft, Starwave, SpaceDev, and GotVoice.
In 2015, Spaceflight Services, Spaceflight Systems (formerly Andrews Space), and Spaceflight Networks, were consolidated under the Spaceflight Industries brand.
Spaceflight Services purchased excess capacity from commercial launch vehicles and resold it to a number of "rideshare" secondary payloads, along with providing integration and certification services. By integrating all of the secondary satellites as one discrete unit to the launch vehicle, they were able to provide a significant price discount to reach orbit compared to buying an entire launch vehicle.
Launch payload sizes vary from 1 kg up to 300 kg micro-satellites and use a variety of space launch vehicles, such as Antares, Dnepr, Soyuz, and Falcon 9, as well as from the International Space Station.
Spaceflight is in the process of developing its SHERPA system, a space tug that uses a custom ring as its primary structure and includes a propulsion system and other spacecraft subsystems to operate as both a hosted payload platform and an in-space maneuvering stage to reposition small and secondary spacecraft. SHERPA enables more access to space for small spacecraft and hosted payloads, and would be able to transport rideshare payloads to the Moon and Mars.
In 2020, Spaceflight Industries sold Spaceflight, Inc. to Mitsui & Co. and Yamasa Co., Ltd. [ja; fr], in order to invest more funds in its geospatial intelligence services business.
In November 2020, Spaceflight introduced its Sherpa-NG (next generation) program. This program contains a family of ESPA-class space vehicles designed to minimize development timelines while maximizing flight and schedule reliability and mission assurance. Currently, the program will consist of three vehicles: Sherpa-FX, Sherpa-LTC, and Sherpa-LTE.
Spaceflight is scheduled to launch its first next-generation orbital transfer vehicle (OTV) in January 2021 on a SpaceX Falcon 9. The mission, called SXRS-3, will launch 16 payloads, 14 of which will launch on the Sherpa-FX OTV, while the remaining two are integrated onto Sherpa-FX as hosted payloads. The Sherpa vehicles are seen as a revolutionary initiative towards opening up space access while tailoring launch experiences that reduce timelines and improve overall flexibility. The debut vehicle is capable of executing multiple deployments, providing independent and detailed deployment telemetry, and flexible interface, all at a low cost.
In 2023, Spaceflight Inc. was acquired by Firefly Aerospace.
# Alvania scabra

Alvania scabra is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 1.5 mm and 3 mm.
The shell is longitudinally plicate, obsolete below, spirally lirate, forming mamillary tubercles. It contains 6 slightly convex whorls. The shell is white, maculated with chestnut. The outer lip is sulcate within, varicose externally.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Mediterranean Sea (Spain, Algeria, Italy, Greece); in the Atlantic Ocean off Madeira.
# Walter de Bidun

Walter de Bidun († 1178) was a clerk of King William of Scotland, Chancellor of Scotland and Bishop-elect of Dunkeld. Walter was a witness to a charter that granted the mainland properties of Iona Abbey, then under the rule of the Lord of the Isles, to the Monks of Holyrood Abbey. He was elected to the bishopric of Dunkeld in 1178 after the death of the previous bishop, Richard. However, Walter did not live long enough to receive consecration, and in fact he too met his death in the year 1178.
Walter was the son of Halenald de Bidun, a landowner and minor lord in England.
# Arthur Fitt

Arthur Fitt (born 12 February 1928) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Fitzroy Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Auleutes ater

Auleutes ater is a species of minute seed weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America.
# Blake Marnell

Blake Marnell, also known as "Brick Suit" or "Brick Man", is an American political activist and media personality known for wearing a brick-patterned suit at Donald Trump rallies and other political events, a symbol of his support for the Mexico–United States border wall.
While Marnell is known for being a supporter of Donald Trump, he stated that prior to 2020 he had not cast a presidential ballot since he voted for Ronald Reagan in 1984.
On May 20, 2019, Marnell gained widespread attention after then-President Trump asked Marnell to join him onstage during a rally in Montoursville, Pennsylvania during his 2020 presidential campaign. Marnell was wearing the suit and holding a sign that said "Build Me" when he was called onstage. He described being called up on stage as an "out-of-body experience". Marnell stated that he had ordered the suit online, presumably on Amazon. The event in question took place while Trump was campaigning for Fred Keller, who was running to replace Tom Marino in a special election.
Marnell has since appeared at numerous political events. He has worked with Right Side Broadcasting Network.
Marnell lives in San Diego, California.
# Aleksandr Bashminov

Aleksandr Bashminov (born 7 May 1978) is a Russian basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
He is 212 cm (6 feet 11+1⁄2 inches) tall.
# Alaska Senate district O

Alaska Senate district O is one of 20 districts of the Alaska Senate. It has been represented by Republican Mike Shower since 2023. Shower previously represented District E from 2018−2023. District O is located in the Mat-Su Valley and encompasses the entirety of Alaska's 29th House of Representatives district and 30th House of Representatives district, including Valdez, Houston, and Big Lake.
From 2013 to 2022, the district covered a portion of Alaska south of Anchorage - this area is now encompassed by district D.

## Election results (2022 boundaries)
### 2022

Nonpartisan primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Doug Massie | 5,007 | 53.9 |
| | Republican | Mike Shower (incumbent) | 4,288 | 46.1 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 9,295 | 100.00 |
General election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Mike Shower (incumbent) | 7,396 | 51.8 |
| | Republican | Doug Massie | 6,712 | 47.0 |
| | Write-in | Write-ins | 169 | 1.2 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 14,277 | 100.0 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Election results (2013 boundaries)
### 2018

Republican primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Peter Micciche (incumbent) | 2,944 | 50.62 |
| | Republican | Ronald Gillham | 2,872 | 49.38 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 5,816 | 100 |
General election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Peter Micciche (incumbent) | 9,617 | 66.82 |
| | Write-ins | Write-ins | 4,776 | 33.18 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 14,393 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2014

Republican primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Peter Micciche (incumbent) | 6,688 | 100.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 6,688 | 100 |
General election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Peter Micciche (incumbent) | 11,306 | 76.22 |
| | Independent | Eric D. Treider | 3,441 | 23.20 |
| | Write-ins | Write-ins | 86 | 0.58 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 14,833 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Election results (2012 boundaries)
### 2012

Republican primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Peter Micciche | 3,963 | 58.62 |
| | Republican | Thomas Wagoner (incumbent) | 2,797 | 41.38 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 6,760 | 100 |
General election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Peter Micciche | 12,947 | 94.61 |
| | Write-ins | Write-ins | 738 | 5.39 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 13,685 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |
# Pantodapoi

Pantodapoi (Ancient Greek: Παντοδαποί, meaning "of every kind/of all sorts") were native auxiliary soldiers used in the armies of the Diadochi, the rival generals of Alexander the Great, who fought for control over his empire after his death in 323 BC. Because the Diadochi were reluctant to allow native troops to serve in mainstream Hellenic units for fear of revolt, they formed their own corps and were used in a support role, for flanking enemy troops and skirmishing. They gave decent accounts of themselves in many battles, but were the first Seleucid line to break at the battle of Raphia against the Ptolemaic Kingdom, another successor kingdom.
# Center Township, Saunders County, Nebraska

Center Township is one of twenty-four townships in Saunders County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 741 at the 2020 census. A 2021 estimate placed the township's population at 764.
The Village of Colon lies within the Township.
# Alice Shrestha

Alice Shrestha (Nepali: एलिश श्रेष्ठ) is a Nepalese swimmer, who specialised in breaststroke events. Shrestha qualified for the men's 100 m breaststroke at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by receiving a Universality place from FINA in an entry time of 1:15.49. He participated in heat one against three other swimmers Eric Williams of Nigeria, Chisela Kanchela of Zambia, and Amar Shah of Kenya. He rounded out a small field of four with a time of 1:12.25, setting a new national record.
# Noel Doherty (footballer)

Noel Doherty (5 August 1921 – 23 October 2011) was a former Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Holt Creek Township, Holt County, Nebraska

Holt Creek Township is one of thirty-seven townships in Holt County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 25 at the 2020 census. A 2021 estimate placed the township's population at 25.