OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Hayes (mathematician)

Charles Hayes (1678 – 1760) was an English mathematician, chronologist and slave trader who wrote a book on the method of fluxions. He also served as an official of the Royal African Company, which engaged in the Atlantic slave trade.

## Life

Hayes was a member of Gray's Inn. Having made a voyage to Africa and spent some time there, he had a reputation as a geographer, and was chosen annually to be sub-governor or deputy-governor of the Royal African Company (RAC), which engaged in the Atlantic slave trade. When the RAC was dissolved in 1752, Hayes settled at Downe, Kent. John Nichols remarks that Hayes spent much time in philosophical experiments. Hayes found favour with his contemporaries from his ‘sedate temper’ and clear exposition; and Charles Hutton remarked that he had erudition concealed by modesty. Hayes died at his chambers in Gray's Inn on 18 December 1760.

## Works

In 1704, appeared his Treatise on Fluxions, or an Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, London, the first English work explaining Isaac Newton's method of infinitesimals. After an introduction on conic sections with concise proofs, Hayes applied Newton's method systematically, first to obtain the tangents of curves, then their areas, and lastly to problems of maxima and minima. His preface shows he was well read in mathematical literature. In 1710 he printed a pamphlet, New and Easy Method to find out the Longitude; and in 1723 The Moon, a Philosophical Dialogue, arguing that she is not opaque, but has some light of her own.
After studying Hebrew, Hayes in 1736 published his Vindication of the History of the Septuagint, and in 1738 Critical Examination of the Holy Gospels according to St. Matthew and St. Luke, with regard to the history of Christ's birth and infancy. His studies were from then mainly directed to chronology, except for some tracts written to defend the policy of the Royal African Company. In 1747 appeared his Series of Kings of Argos and of Emperors of China from Fohi to Jesus Christ, to prove that their dates and order of succession agreed with the Septuagint, and in 1751 a Dissertation on the Chronology of the Septuagint, a defence of the Chaldean and Egyptian chronology and history.
In retirement, he became absorbed in a major work, Chronographia Asiatica & Ægyptiaca, which he did not live to complete. Two parts of it only were published, during the last two years of his life, when he had chambers in Gray's Inn: first, Chronographiæ Asiaticæ & Ægyptiacæ Specimen, and the second, subdivided into (1) Origo Chronologiæ LXX interpretum investigatur, and (2) Conspectus totius Operis exhibetur. Part of his argument is that the Seventy (authors of the Septuagint) and Josephus made use of writings preserved in the library of the Second Temple of Jerusalem, which had been omitted in making up the Old Testament canon.
# Year of the Snake (album)

Year of the Snake is the third album by Fly, consisting drummer Jeff Ballard, bassist Larry Grenadier and saxophonist Mark Turner, recorded in January 2011 and released on ECM in Aprilthe following year.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| All About Jazz | |
| The Guardian | |
The AllMusic review by Thom Jurek states "Of Fly's three recordings to date, Year of the Snake is the most unusual and beguiling; it unhinges preconceived notions about the saxophone trio with complete freedom minus the chaos of disorder."
All About Jazz reviewer John Kelman said, "what Year of the Snake demonstrates with crystal clarity is that each player's language, command and sophistication continue to evolve as the result of their efforts; but it's only as Fly that they can truly exercise everything they've honed with complete and utter freedom. Year of the Snake will undoubtedly challenge those familiar with Turner, Grenadier and Ballard's work in intrinsically accessible contexts."
The Guardian's John Fordham awarded the album 4 stars noting "the New York trio Fly is an exchange between equals, not a sax-led charge over a rhythm section. Though it falls into the territory sometimes dubbed "chamber-jazz", Year of the Snake is up there with Fly's best work, with its rustling fast grooves and languid horn lines, and pieces that open on almost impossibly pure high-register long tones."
In JazzTimes, Thomas Conrad observed that "Fly plays cerebral, rapt, interactive chamber jazz, deriving a wide range of textures and colors from three instruments. Mark Turner often ascends to the tenor’s piping, keening altissimo register. Larry Grenadier often plays arco bass, in drones and murmurs and sighs. The asymmetrical, spare designs of drummer Jeff Ballard imply time rather than keep it ... The music of Fly is sophisticated and sincere and enormously competent. These are important virtues, but likely to inspire more admiration than love."

## Track listing

All compositions by Jeff Ballard, Larry Grenadier and Mark Turner except where noted
* "The Western Lands I" (Turner) – 2:27
* "Festival Tune" (Turner) – 6:06
* "The Western Lands II" – 0:35
* "Brothersister" (Turner) – 7:35
* "Diorite" (Ballard) – 6:15
* "Kingston" (Grenadier) – 10:11
* "Salt and Pepper" (Ballard, Turner) – 5:04
* "The Western Lands III" – 3:07
* "Benj" (Ballard) – 5:17
* "Year of the Snake" (Turner) – 9:00
* "The Western Lands IV" – 2:37
* "The Western Lands V" – 1:49

## Personnel

* Mark Turner – tenor saxophone
* Larry Grenadier – bass
* Jeff Ballard – drums
# Daniel Nuñez del Prado

Dr. Daniel Nuñez del Prado (29 July 1840 in La Paz, Bolivia – 1891) was a revolutionary Bolivian doctor of medicine. His parents were José María Nuñez del Prado and Isabel del Valle. His brother, Eduardo Nuñez del Prado, was also a doctor of medicine.
President Mariano Melgarejo expelled Nuñez del Prado from Bolivia. The reason was that Rosa Zeballos Tomayo, the wife of Nuñez del Prado denied General Melgarejo access to her house during a parade. It is one of the historical buildings in the city of La Paz. Years later, Don Daniel urgently was requested to attend a patient who had been shot dead in Lima. The patient was General Melgarejo. The last confession from former president Melgarejo was that he was with Don Daniel Nuñez del Prado.

## Timeline

* Degree as doctor of medicine in Lima / 1863.
* 1866 Fights under supreme commander Jose Galvez against the Spanish invasion, obtaining decorations from the Peruvian and Bolivian governments.
* 1868 Combats a yellow fever epidemic in Lima, and so obtains a decoration from the Peruvian congress.
* 1878 Prefect of La Paz.
* 1881 Bolivian foreign minister under President Campero.

## Works

* Opusculo sobre la fiebre amarilla.

## Achievements

* Dean of the Faculty of medicine in La Paz.
* Organizes the battalion "Victoria" to defend Bolivia from the attacks from Chile. Due to this action he obtains the nomination as Colonel.
# Yahya Al-Ghotany

Yahya Al-Ghotany (Arabic: يحيى الغوطاني; born 2004) is a Syrian taekwondo practitioner. A refugee in Jordan, he was selected to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics and was named the flag bearer for the Refugee Olympic Team.

## Biography

Al Ghotany was born in Syria as the first of seven children. The Syrian civil war started when he was age seven, and his family fled the country for the Azraq refugee camp in Jordan. In 2016, at age 12, he learned of taekwondo "by chance": a friend informed him of courses taught nearby by the Taekwondo Humanitarian Foundation (THF), at the Azraq Academy. His coach recalled "When Yahya started taekwondo in 2016, he was a young boy, 12 years old. He came to me and said, 'I want taekwondo'".
According to The Korea Times, "It didn't take long before Al Ghotany showed a natural ability for the sport and began aspiring for the highest levels as an athlete." Within five years, he reached a rank of black belt second-dan, which usually requires seven years of training. With the help of World Taekwondo (WT), he started participating in international tournaments. In 2023, he participated at the World Taekwondo Championships in the 63 kg category. At the Hope and Dreams Sports Festival, organized by the THF and WT in 2024, Al Ghotany qualified for the 2024 Summer Olympics as a member of the Refugee Olympic Team (EOR), to compete in the 68 kg category. In preparation for the Olympics, Al Ghotany trained with the Jordanian national taekwondo team under coach Faris Al Assaf, who helped Ahmad Abughaush win Jordan's first Olympic medal in 2016 with a gold in taekwondo. He was later selected the co-flag bearer for the EOR at the opening Olympic ceremony alongside boxer Cindy Ngamba; at age 19, he became one of the youngest Olympic flag bearers in history.
# Bharat Gupta

Bharat Gupta is an Indian business executive and the CEO of Jagran New Media, the digital division of Jagran Prakashan Ltd, a major Indian media company. In 2024, he was appointed president of the South Asia Division by the International News Media Association (INMA).

## Career

Bharat Gupta became the CEO of Jagran New Media in 2017. Before that, he was the executive president of marketing at Dainik Jagran and later the CMO at Jagran New Media. He has participated in various forums representing Indian digital media, including WAN-IFRA, the YouTube Publishers Forum, the Google News Initiative, and Newsgeist Asia.
In 2018, under his leadership, Jagran New Media launched VishvasNews.com, a fact-checking site available in 12 languages. He is also a founding member and President of the Misinformation Combat Alliance, an initiative to combat misinformation. In 2022, Gupta helped organize a fellowship program with IAMAI, Meta, and Indian newsrooms. Vishvas.News joined Global Fact 9 in Norway and Global Fact 10 in South Korea, organized by the International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN). Under his leadership, Jagran New Media expanded into advertising, subscriptions, and content production. The company ranked 29th on Comscore's top 100 websites list and 8th in the news publisher category. Gupta is the President of the INMA South Asia Board and serves on several other key committees and boards, including Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI), Digital News Publishers Association (DNPA), Misinformation Combat Alliance, and International Fact-Checking Network. He is also involved with FT Strategies, Google, and YouTube advisory groups. Gupta has participated in the Forbes India One CEO Club to discuss digital transformation.
In January 2022, he helped establish the Misinformation Combat Alliance (MCA), where he is the executive president. The MCA collaborates with Google and Meta on misinformation projects, including election issues and a WhatsApp helpline. In 2024, Gupta became president of INMA's South Asia Division, succeeding Praveen Someshwar.

## Awards

Gupta received the 'Youth Achievers Award' in 2014, was named one of India's Best Leaders in Times of Crisis in 2021, and won the 2023 DMA Trailblazer Award for his contributions to the growth of HerZindagi.

## Publications and Case Studies

His work during the COVID-19 pandemic is featured in the book Strategic Management in the Media: Theory to Practice by Prof. Dr. Lucy Kueng.
# Saint-Malo, Quebec

Saint-Malo ((French pronunciation: )) is a municipality in Quebec, Canada, on the Canada–United States border. Saint-Malo has the highest elevation of any municipality in Quebec. At 640 metres (2,100 ft), local residents live in an environment of forests, farms, and waterways that supply their livelihood.
Every September, Saint-Malo holds a Harvest Festival that includes a "country" mass. A popular point of interest is La Montagnaise, a 10 metres (33 ft)-tall observation tower built in 1995, that offers panoramic views of the countryside.

## History

The parish of Saint-Malo was established in 1863 by Canadiens and was incorporated as a municipality in 1910. The town's name evokes Saint-Malo, France— the hometown in Brittany of Jacques Cartier, the first European explorer to describe and map modern Quebec and to name his discoveries as "Canada".

## Demographics
### Population

Population trend:
| Census | Population | Change (%) |
| 2021 | 514 | 8.2% |
| 2016 | 475 | 1.7% |
| 2011 | 483 | 10.2% |
| ADJ | 538 | 4.3% |
| 2006 | 516 | 0.4% |
| 2001 | 518 | 5.1% |
| ADJ | 546 | 4.3% |
| 1996 | 375 | 6.5% |
| 1991 | 401 | N/A |
ADJ = adjusted figures due to boundary changes between census years

## Geography and climate

Climate data for Saint-Malo, Quebec, 1981-2010 Normals (Extremes 1965-2001) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.6 (60.1) | 15.0 (59.0) | 22.0 (71.6) | 29.0 (84.2) | 30.0 (86.0) | 33.0 (91.4) | 33.3 (91.9) | 33.9 (93.0) | 31.5 (88.7) | 26.7 (80.1) | 21.0 (69.8) | 18.3 (64.9) | 33.9 (93.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −6.1 (21.0) | −4.2 (24.4) | 1.0 (33.8) | 8.7 (47.7) | 16.0 (60.8) | 21.0 (69.8) | 23.1 (73.6) | 22.2 (72.0) | 17.6 (63.7) | 10.3 (50.5) | 3.8 (38.8) | −3.0 (26.6) | 9.2 (48.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −10.9 (12.4) | −9.2 (15.4) | −3.8 (25.2) | 3.7 (38.7) | 10.5 (50.9) | 15.6 (60.1) | 17.9 (64.2) | 17.1 (62.8) | 12.7 (54.9) | 6.0 (42.8) | −0.1 (31.8) | −7.2 (19.0) | 4.4 (39.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.7 (3.7) | −14.1 (6.6) | −8.7 (16.3) | −1.3 (29.7) | 4.9 (40.8) | 10.3 (50.5) | 12.8 (55.0) | 11.9 (53.4) | 7.8 (46.0) | 1.7 (35.1) | −4.0 (24.8) | −11.4 (11.5) | −0.5 (31.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −38.0 (−36.4) | −36.7 (−34.1) | −33.0 (−27.4) | −21.5 (−6.7) | −11.1 (12.0) | −3.5 (25.7) | 1.7 (35.1) | 0.0 (32.0) | −12.2 (10.0) | −10.5 (13.1) | −24.0 (−11.2) | −35.0 (−31.0) | −38.0 (−36.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 101.2 (3.98) | 86.4 (3.40) | 96.6 (3.80) | 79.9 (3.15) | 111.9 (4.41) | 128.9 (5.07) | 130.5 (5.14) | 150.3 (5.92) | 106.0 (4.17) | 101.4 (3.99) | 107.2 (4.22) | 118.0 (4.65) | 1,318.3 (51.90) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 82.4 (32.4) | 68.3 (26.9) | 66.0 (26.0) | 23.8 (9.4) | 1.5 (0.6) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 5.8 (2.3) | 38.7 (15.2) | 82.3 (32.4) | 368.7 (145.2) |
| Source: Environment Canada ||||||||||||||

## Notable People

* Michel Petit, NHL ice hockey player.
# A Different Shade of Blue

A Different Shade of Blue is the second studio album by the American hardcore punk band Knocked Loose. It was released through Pure Noise Records on August 23, 2019, and produced by Will Putney. It was the last album to feature rhythm guitarist Cole Crutchfield before his departure in 2020.

## Musical style

The album merges the styles of hardcore punk and heavy metal. It has been categorised as genres such as metalcore, heavy hardcore and sludgecore. It often borders the sounds of Swedish death metal and groove metal.
Kris Pugh of Distorted Sound magazine described it as putting the band "at the apex of modern hardcore". In an article for Kerrang!, Dan Slessor says that in comparison to the band's previous album: "It’s more hardcore, more metal, there are more fast parts, more breakdowns, more malice, more unease and, perhaps most importantly, more energy". In an article for New Noise magazine, Caleb R Newton said that "There is not a single moment on A Different Shade of Blue that’s not packed to the brim with musical (and thematic!) brutality". However, Connor Atkinson for Exclaim! described "Mistakes Like Fractures" as "overtly catchy".

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Dead Press! | 8/10 |
| Exclaim! | 9/10 |
| Kerrang! | |
| NME | |
The album generally received positive reviews.

### Accolades

Accolades for A Different Shade of Blue :
| Publication | Accolade | Rank |
| Alternative Press | The 50 Best Albums of 2019 | 18 |
| Loudwire | The 66 Best Metal Albums of the Decade: 2010–2019 | 31 |
| Loudwire | The 50 Best Metal Albums of 2019 | Unranked |
| Revolver | 25 Best Albums of 2019 | 4 |
| What Culture | 15 Best Metal Albums of 2019 | 7 |

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Knocked Loose.

## Personnel

Knocked Loose
* Bryan Garris – vocals
* Isaac Hale – lead guitar, vocals
* Cole Crutchfield – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
* Kevin Otten – bass
* Kevin "Pacsun" Kaine – drums
Additional contributors
* Will Putney – recording, mixing, mastering
* Ridge Rhine – artwork
* Emma Boster – additional vocals on "A Serpent's Touch"
* Keith Buckley – additional vocals on "Forget Your Name"

## Charts

Chart performance for A Different Shade of Blue :
| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 41 |
| UK Album Sales (OCC) | 26 |
| UK Digital Albums (OCC) | 66 |
| UK Physical Albums (OCC) | 27 |
| UK Independent Albums (OCC) | 5 |
| UK Rock & Metal Albums (OCC) | 3 |
| US Billboard 200 | 26 |
# Giovanni Vianna

Giovanni Vianna (born 26 January 2001) is a Brazilian professional skateboarder. He currently resides in the United States.

## Career

He won the Next X Skateboard Street event at the X Games Minneapolis 2018. He is also a member of Primitive Skateboarding company. He turned professional in 2020.
He made his debut appearance in the Olympics representing Brazil at the 2020 Summer Olympics where skateboarding was also added in Olympics for the very first time. During the 2020 Summer Olympics, he competed in men's street event.
# Sangay Tenzin

Sangay Tenzin (born 7 September 2003) is a Bhutanese swimmer. He competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Tenzin qualified for the 2024 Summer Olympics.
# Glanarought

Glanarought (Irish: Gleann Ó Ruachta) is a historical barony in southern County Kerry, Ireland.
Baronies were mainly cadastral rather than administrative units. They acquired modest local taxation and spending functions in the 19th century before being superseded by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.

## History

The name Glanarought is from Irish Gleann Ó Ruachta, "valley of the O'Roughty [tribe]". This name is first recorded in Mac Carthaigh's Book (1262). The Irish word ruacht means "red-haired," so the tribal name means "Descendants of the Red-Haired One." The name later transferred to the Roughty river.
The Ó Gríobhtha (Griffin) were centered at Ballygriffin in the Gaelic Ireland period. The MacCarthys were centered in Glanarought in the mid-13th century. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the land belonged to the Marquesses of Lansdowne, who carried out much agricultural improvement.

## Geography

Glanarought is in the far southeast, running up to the Caha Mountains and the border with County Cork. It contains the Roughty River and the northeast part of the Beara Peninsula.

## List of settlements

Settlements within the historical barony of Glanarought include:
* Kenmare
* Kilgarvan
* Tuosist
# Megacryometeor

A megacryometeor is a very large chunk of ice which, despite sharing many textural, hydro-chemical, and isotopic features found in large hailstones, is formed under unusual atmospheric conditions which clearly differ from those of the cumulonimbus cloud scenario (i.e. clear-sky conditions). They are sometimes called huge hailstones, but do not need to form under thunderstorm conditions unlike hailstorms. Jesús Martínez-Frías, a planetary geologist and astrobiologist at Institute of Geosciences (Spanish: Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO) in the Spanish National Research Council (Spanish: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC) in Madrid, pioneered research into megacryometeors.

## Mass and size

More than 50 megacryometeors have been recorded since the year 2000. They vary in mass between 0.5 kilograms (1.1 lb) to several tens of kilograms. One in Brazil weighed in at more than 50 kilograms (110 lb). Chunks about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in size also fell in Scotland on 13 August 1849.

## Formation

The process that creates megacryometeors is not completely understood yet, mainly with respect to the atmospheric dynamics necessary to produce them. They may have a similar mechanism of formation that leads to the production of hailstones. Scientific studies show that their composition matches normal tropospheric rainwater for the areas in which they fall. In addition, megacryometeors also display textural variations of the ice surface and hydro-chemical and isotopic heterogeneity in its composition, which gives potential evidence to a complex formation process in the lower atmosphere. It is known that they do not form from airplane toilet leakage because the large chunks of ice that occasionally do fall from airliners are distinctly blue due to the disinfectant used by them (hence their common name of "blue ice").
Some have speculated that these ice chunks must have fallen from aircraft fuselages after plain water ice accumulating on those aircraft through normal atmospheric conditions has simply broken loose. However, similar events also occurred prior to the invention of aircraft. Studies indicate that the metrological fluctuations in tropopause, associated with hydration of the lower stratosphere and stratospheric cooling, can be related to their formation. A detailed micro-Raman spectroscopic study made it possible to place the formation of the megacryometeors within a particular range of temperatures: −10 to −20 °C (14 to −4 °F). They are sometimes confused with meteors because they can leave small impact craters, though they form in the atmosphere and not from outer space.
# View

A view is a sight or prospect or the ability to see or be seen from a particular place.
View, views or Views may also refer to:

## Common meanings

* View (Buddhism), a charged interpretation of experience which intensely shapes and affects thought, sensation, and action
* Graphical projection in a technical drawing or schematic
** Multiview orthographic projection, standardizing 2D images to represent a 3D object
* Opinion, a belief about subjective matters
* Page view, a visit to a World Wide Web page
* Panorama, a wide-angle view
* Scenic viewpoint, an elevated location where people can view scenery
* World view, the fundamental cognitive orientation of an individual or society encompassing the entirety of the individual or society's knowledge and point-of-view

## Places

* View, Kentucky, an unincorporated community in Crittenden County
* View, Texas, an unincorporated community in Taylor County

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Music

* View (album), the 2003 debut album by Bryan Beller
* "View", a song by Shinee from the album Odd, 2015
* Views (album), a 2016 album by Canadian rapper Drake
* Views, a 2001 album by Pekka Pohjola

### Other

* View (magazine), an American literary and art magazine published from 1940 to 1947
* VIEWS, a podcast hosted by David Dobrik

## Technology

* View (SQL), a table generated from a stored relational database query
* VIEW, a word processor computer program developed by Acornsoft for the BBC Micro home computer
* Model–view–controller, a design pattern in software engineering
* Mutual view, the quality or degree of visibility of a satellite to a ground station in satellite communications
* View, Inc., American manufacturer of smart glass
* View model, a concept in enterprise architecture
# Mary Maude

Mary Maude is a British film and television actress.

## Selected filmography

* The House That Screamed (1970) - Irene
* Granny Gets the Point (1971) - Sandra
* Crucible of Terror (1971) - Millie
* Man at the Top (1971) - Robin Ackerman
* La muerte incierta (1973) - Brenda
* Scorpio (1973) - Anne
* Double Exposure (1977) - Nicki
* The Four Feathers (1978 TV movie) - Mrs. Feversham
* Terror (1978) - Lady Garrick

## Television appearances

* At Last The 1948 Show (1967) - Lady in bath
* The Freewheelers (1968 to 1973) - Terry Driver
* Special Branch (1973) - Clare
* Lovejoy (1991) - Annabel
* Bread (1991) - Lady Bowford (final television appearance)
# AL1

AL1 may refer to:
* Four-Phase Systems AL1, 8-bit integrated circuit of an arithmetic logic unit and registers made by Four-Phase Systems in 1969
* AL1, original designation of British Rail Class 81
* A designation for main-belt asteroids
* AL1, a postcode district in the AL postcode area
* Al1, a 2017 EP by Seventeen