# Aachen Hauptbahnhof

Aachen Hauptbahnhof (German for Aachen main station) is the most important railway station for the city of Aachen, in the far west of Germany near the Dutch and Belgian border. It is the largest of the four currently active Aachen stations, and is integrated into the long-distance network.

## History

A station at Aachen was first opened in 1841, when the Rheinische Eisenbahngesellschaft opened its line from Cologne. The line first was extended to Herbesthal (near the Belgian border) and on 15 October 1843 to Antwerp. The first station was built outside of the city walls, however the city soon grew and the station eventually became surrounded by new buildings. The Prussian state railways deemed that rather impractical and decided to build a new station situated on a hillside. Embankments and new bridges were built from 1901 onward, and on 21 December 1905 the station opened at its new location.
The station remained largely undisturbed until suffering from damage in 1944, when German troops were retreating. However, since the rail link was highly valued by the Allied forces, damage was cleared up rather quickly and in 1950 all war damage had been removed from the site. Since 2002 the Cologne–Aachen high-speed railway line allows connections to Cologne with speeds up to 250 km/h (160 mph).

## Electrification

In 1966, Aachen Hauptbahnhof was electrified. Due to its proximity to Belgium, it was decided to implement the switching point from the Deutsche Bahn's 15 kV AC to the 3000 V DC used by the NMBS/SNCB in the station. Tracks 6 to 9 therefore have a switchable catenary and are used for international Thalys, ICE and Regional-Express services.

## Renovations

The station hall was renovated from 2000 to 2006. In 2007 a new electronic signal box was built, enabling more streamlined operations and automatic switching of the correct voltages. The cost estimate for the revamp was around €40 million. The main changes were:
* Construction of 400m long platforms for international traffic, replacing the old 250m platforms that did not allow economic usage due to their limited length.
* Special through tracks (tracks 3 and 4) for freight trains to the Netherlands and Belgium (via Montzen) to Aachen West.
* Constructional changes to the system changeover point to Belgium; a new track layout, which allows the smooth changeover of electric locomotives and is capable of handling the increasing number of through carriages.
* Improvement of the layout to remove operating problems, especially in the sidings.

## Train services

The following services currently call at Aachen Hbf:
| Series | Operator | Route | Route | Material | Frequency | Notes |
| Eurostar | Eurostar | Paris Nord – Brussels-South – Liège-Guillemins – Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Cologne – (Düsseldorf – Duisburg – Essen – Dortmund) | Paris Nord – Brussels-South – Liège-Guillemins – Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Cologne – (Düsseldorf – Duisburg – Essen – Dortmund) | Thalys PBKA | 5x per day | high speed service |
| ICE 79 | DB | Brussels-South – Brussels-North – Liège-Guillemins – Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Cologne – (Siegburg/Bonn – Montabaur – Limburg –) Frankfurt Airport – Frankfurt | Brussels-South – Brussels-North – Liège-Guillemins – Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Cologne – (Siegburg/Bonn – Montabaur – Limburg –) Frankfurt Airport – Frankfurt | ICE 3M – Class 406 | Every 2 hours | high speed service |
| ICE 14 | DB | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Mönchengladbach – Krefeld – Duisburg – Essen – Bochum – Dortmund – Hamm – Gütersloh – Bielefeld – Herford – Hannover – Wolfsburg – Berlin-Spandau – Berlin Hbf – Berlin Ostbahnhof | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Mönchengladbach – Krefeld – Duisburg – Essen – Bochum – Dortmund – Hamm – Gütersloh – Bielefeld – Herford – Hannover – Wolfsburg – Berlin-Spandau – Berlin Hbf – Berlin Ostbahnhof | ICE T | 1x per day | |
| FLX 30 | Flixtrain | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Cologne – Düsseldorf – Duisburg – Essen – Dortmund – Bielefeld – Hannover – Berlin-Spandau – Berlin Hbf – Berlin Südkreuz – Lutherstadt Wittenberg – Leipzig | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Cologne – Düsseldorf – Duisburg – Essen – Dortmund – Bielefeld – Hannover – Berlin-Spandau – Berlin Hbf – Berlin Südkreuz – Lutherstadt Wittenberg – Leipzig | Siemens Vectron BR193 + railway coaches | 3x per week | |
| NJ 425 | ÖBB Nightjet | Brussels-South – Brussels-North – Liège-Guillemins – Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Cologne-Ehrenfeld – Bonn Hbf – Koblenz Hbf – Mainz Hbf – Mannheim Hbf only operational stop/Dividing train – | Frankfurt South – Erfurt Hbf – Halle (Saale) Hbf – Berlin Südkreuz – Berlin Hbf | Compartment coaches, Couchette cars, Sleeping cars | 3x per week | Night Train |
| NJ 40425 | ÖBB Nightjet | Brussels-South – Brussels-North – Liège-Guillemins – Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Cologne-Ehrenfeld – Bonn Hbf – Koblenz Hbf – Mainz Hbf – Mannheim Hbf only operational stop/Dividing train – | Munich East – Rosenheim – Salzburg Hbf – Linz Hbf – St. Pölten Hbf – Wien Meidling – Vienna | Compartment coaches, Couchette cars, Sleeping cars | 3x per week | Night Train |
| RE 1 NRW-Express | National Express | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Eschweiler – Düren – Horrem – Cologne – Düsseldorf – Duisburg Hbf – Mülheim (Ruhr) – Essen – Bochum – Dortmund – Hamm | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Eschweiler – Düren – Horrem – Cologne – Düsseldorf – Duisburg Hbf – Mülheim (Ruhr) – Essen – Bochum – Dortmund – Hamm | 2x BR462 Siemens Desiro HC | 1x per hour | |
| RE 4 Wupper-Express | National Express | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Herzogenrath – Rheydt – Mönchengladbach – Neuss – Düsseldorf – Wuppertal – Hagen – Witten – Dortmund | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Herzogenrath – Rheydt – Mönchengladbach – Neuss – Düsseldorf – Wuppertal – Hagen – Witten – Dortmund | 1-2x BR462 Siemens Desiro HC | 1x per hour | |
| RE 9 Rhein-Sieg-Express | DB Regio NRW | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Eschweiler – Düren – Horrem – Cologne – Troisdorf – Siegburg/Bonn – Hennef – Au (Sieg) – Siegen | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Eschweiler – Düren – Horrem – Cologne – Troisdorf – Siegburg/Bonn – Hennef – Au (Sieg) – Siegen | Talent 2, DB Class 146.0 + 5-6x Double-deck Coach | 1x per hour | |
| RE 18 LIMAX | Arriva Nederland | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Aachen West – Herzogenrath – Eygelshoven Markt – Landgraaf – Heerlen – Valkenburg – Meerssen – Maastricht | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Aachen West – Herzogenrath – Eygelshoven Markt – Landgraaf – Heerlen – Valkenburg – Meerssen – Maastricht | Stadler FLIRT 3 | 2x per hour | |
| RB 20 Euregiobahn | DB Regio NRW | Alsdorf-Annapark – Alsdorf-Busch – Herzogenrath-August-Schmidt-Platz – Herzogenrath-Alt-Merkstein – Herzogenrath – Kohlscheid – Aachen West – Aachen Schanz – Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Aachen-Rothe Erde – Eilendorf – Stolberg (Rheinland) – | Eschweiler-West – Eschweiler Talbahnhof – Eschweiler-Nothberg – Eschweiler-Weisweiler – Langerwehe – Düren | DB Class 643 | 2x per hour | |
| RB 20 Euregiobahn | DB Regio NRW | Alsdorf-Annapark – Alsdorf-Busch – Herzogenrath-August-Schmidt-Platz – Herzogenrath-Alt-Merkstein – Herzogenrath – Kohlscheid – Aachen West – Aachen Schanz – Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Aachen-Rothe Erde – Eilendorf – Stolberg (Rheinland) – | Stolberg-Schneidmühle – Stolberg-Mühlener Bahnhof – Stolberg-Rathaus – Stolberg-Altstadt | DB Class 643 | 2x per hour | |
| RE 29 S 41 euregioAIXpress | SNCB/NMBS | Liège-St.-Lambert – Liège-Guillemins – Angleur – Chaudfontaine – Pepinster – Verviers – Welkenraedt – Hergenrath – Aachen Hauptbahnhof | Liège-St.-Lambert – Liège-Guillemins – Angleur – Chaudfontaine – Pepinster – Verviers – Welkenraedt – Hergenrath – Aachen Hauptbahnhof | SNCB Class 18 + 4x I11 Coaches | 1x per hour | |
| RB 33 Rhein-Niers-Bahn | DB Regio NRW | Essen – Mülheim (Ruhr) – Mülheim-Styrum – Duisburg – Duisburg-Hochfeld Süd – Rheinhausen Ost – Rheinhausen – Krefeld-Hohenbudberg Chempark – Krefeld-Uerdingen – Krefeld-Linn – Krefeld-Oppum – Krefeld – Forsthaus – Anrath – Viersen – Mönchengladbach – Rheydt – Wickrath – Herrath – Erkelenz – Hückelhoven-Baal – Brachelen – | Lindern – Geilenkirchen – Übach-Palenberg – Herzogenrath – Kohlscheid – Aachen West – Aachen Schanz – Aachen Hauptbahnhof | 2x BR1440 Alstom Coradia Continental | 1x per hour | |
| RB 33 Rhein-Niers-Bahn | DB Regio NRW | Heinsberg – | Lindern – Geilenkirchen – Übach-Palenberg – Herzogenrath – Kohlscheid – Aachen West – Aachen Schanz – Aachen Hauptbahnhof | 2x BR1440 Alstom Coradia Continental | 1x per hour | |
| S19 Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn | DB Regio NRW | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Aachen-Rothe Erde – Stolberg (Rheinland) – Langerwehe – Düren – Horrem – Cologne – Cologne/Bonn Airport station – Troisdorf (–Hennef(Sieg)) | Aachen Hauptbahnhof – Aachen-Rothe Erde – Stolberg (Rheinland) – Langerwehe – Düren – Horrem – Cologne – Cologne/Bonn Airport station – Troisdorf (–Hennef(Sieg)) | DB Class 423 | 2x per night | |

## Operational usage

Aachen Hauptbahnhof is served by the following lines:
* Cologne–Aachen (KBS 480)
* Aachen–Brussels
* Aachen–Mönchengladbach (KBS 485)
* Liège–Aachen line (KBS 480a/L 37)