OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 24P/Schaumasse

Comet Schaumasse is a periodic comet discovered by Alexandre Schaumasse (Nice, France) on 1 December 1911 as 12th magnitude. It next comes to perihelion on 8 January 2026 and should brighten to about magnitude 9.

## Observations

By the end of 1912 it was recognised as a short period comet estimated to return in 7.1 years, later recalculated as 8 years. The 1919 return was recovered by Gaston Fayet (Paris, France) as magnitude 10.5.
The 1927 approach was magnitude 12, but the comet was missed on the 1935 approach. In 1937 it passed close to Jupiter which increased its orbital period slightly. During the 1951-1952 apparition, the comet was brighter than expected, reaching a magnitude of about 6 in February.
The comet was missed in 1968 and 1976. It was speculated that the increase in brightness in 1952 indicated a problem that led to it vanishing. The comet during the 1984 apparition was recovered by James B. Gibson (Palomar Observatory, California, USA). Also in 1984 was reported that Elizabeth Roemer (Steward Observatory, Arizona, USA) had found a comet on a photograph from 27 December 1976. Orbital calculations by Brian G. Marsden, confirmed the 1976 image featured Comet Schaumasse.
The comet was not observed during the 2009 unfavorable apparition since the perihelion passage occurred when the comet was on the far side of the Sun. It passed within 0.025 AU (4 million km) of the dwarf planet Ceres on 22 March 2010. During the 2017 apparition the comet reached a magnitude of 10. It was last observed on 19 June 2018 when it was 2.7 AU from the Sun.
24P/Schaumasse closest Earth approach on 2026-Jan-04 :
| Date & time of closest approach | Earth distance (AU) | Sun distance (AU) | Velocity wrt Earth (km/s) | Velocity wrt Sun (km/s) | Uncertainty region (3-sigma) | Reference |
| 2026-Jan-04 | 0.597 AU (89.3 million km; 55.5 million mi; 232 LD) | 1.19 AU (178 million km; 111 million mi; 460 LD) | 19.0 | 35.8 | ± 420 thousand km | Horizons |
Around 3 October 2100 it should pass about 0.27 AU (40 million km) from Mars.
The comet nucleus is estimated to be 2.6 kilometers in diameter.
# Straightaway (film)

Straightaway is a 1933 American Pre-Code crime drama film directed by Otto Brower and starring Tim McCoy, Sue Carol, and William Bakewell.

## Cast

* Tim McCoy as Tim Dawson
* Sue Carol as Anna Reeves
* William Bakewell as Billy Dawson
* Ward Bond as Hobo
* Francis McDonald as Rogan
# Substrate (biology)

In biology, a substrate is the surface on which an organism (such as a plant, fungus, or animal) lives. A substrate can include biotic or abiotic materials and animals. For example, encrusting algae that lives on a rock (its substrate) can be itself a substrate for an animal that lives on top of the algae. Inert substrates are used as growing support materials in the hydroponic cultivation of plants. In biology substrates are often activated by the nanoscopic process of substrate presentation.

## In agriculture and horticulture

* Cellulose substrate
* Expanded clay aggregate (LECA)
* Rock wool
* Potting soil
* Soil

## In animal biotechnology
### Requirements for animal cell and tissue culture

Requirements for animal cell and tissue culture are the same as described for plant cell, tissue and organ culture (In Vitro Culture Techniques: The Biotechnological Principles). Desirable requirements are (i) air conditioning of a room, (ii) hot room with temperature recorder, (iii) microscope room for carrying out microscopic work where different types of microscopes should be installed, (iv) dark room, (v) service room, (vi) sterilization room for sterilization of glassware and culture media, and (vii) preparation room for media preparation, etc. In addition the storage areas should be such where following should be kept properly : (i) liquids-ambient (4–20 °C), (ii) glassware-shelving, (iii) plastics-shelving, (iv) small items-drawers, (v) specialized equipments-cupboard, slow turnover, (vi) chemicals-sidled containers.

### For cell growth

There are many types of vertebrate cells that require support for their growth in vitro otherwise they will not grow properly. Such cells are called anchorage-dependent cells. Therefore, many substrates which may be adhesive (e.g. plastic, glass, palladium, metallic surfaces, etc.) or non-adhesive (e.g. agar, agarose, etc.) types may be used as discussed below:
* Plastic as a substrate. Disposable plastics are cheaper substrate as they are commonly made up of polystyrene. After use they should be disposed of properly. Before use they are treated with gamma radiation or electric arc simply to develop charges on the surface of substrate. After cell growth its rate of proliferation should be measured. In addition, the other plastic materials used as substrate are teflon or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), thermamox (TPX), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polycarbonate, etc. Monolayer of cell must be grown. Moreover, plastic beads of polystyrene, sephadex and polyacrylamide are also available for cell growth in suspension culture.
* Glass as a substrate. Glass is an important substrate used in laboratory in several forms such as test tubes, slides, coverslips, pipettes, flasks, rods, bottles, Petri dishes, several apparatus, etc. These are sterilized by using chemicals, radiations, dry heat (in oven) and moist heat (in autoclave).
* Palladium as a substrate. For the first time palladium deposited on agarose was used as a substrate for growth of fibroblast and glia.
# Else Hench

Else Hench was an Austrian luger who competed in the late 1920s. She won a bronze medal in the first-ever women's singles event at the 1928 European luge championships at Schreiberhau, Germany (now Szklarska Poręba, Poland).
# Nestor Pistor

Nestor Pistor is the stage name of Don Ast, a Canadian comedian of Romanian heritage who performs in the character of a heavily accented Ukrainian immigrant. He has been a three-time Juno Award nominee for Comedy Album of the Year, receiving two nominations at the Juno Awards of 1979 for his albums Nestor Pistor for Prime Minister and Best of Nestor Pistor and one nomination at the Juno Awards of 1980 for the self-titled Nestor Pistor, and a nominee for Most Promising Male Vocalist at the Juno Awards of 1977.
Pistor began performing in the 1970s on the comedy circuit in Western Canada, and released two albums, Live (1974) and Here We Go Again (1975) before breaking through to national attention in 1976 with his third album Winestoned Plowboy. Backed by the country music group Prairie Fire, the album deviated from Ast's usual stand-up comedy act and instead featured him singing country songs in character as Pistor. Its title track, a parody of Glen Campbell's "Rhinestone Cowboy", was a charting hit in RPM's country music charts, peaking at #16 in the week of February 12, 1977. The album was certified gold by February 1977, and resulted in Pistor's Juno nomination for Most Promising Male Vocalist; by March 1977, both of his earlier albums were also charting in the RPM 100 Albums chart. He released several further albums by 1980, receiving his three Juno Award nominations for Comedy Album of the Year in 1979 and 1980.
He faded in prominence in the 1980s, but still performs occasional shows. In 2019, he celebrated 50 years of performing, with shows in British Columbia and Alberta.

## Discography

* Nestor Pistor Live At World Championship Snowgolf, Prince George BC (1974) (#78)
* Here We Go Again - Nestor Pistor #2 (1975) (#84)
* Winestoned Plowboy (1977)
* Nestor Pistor for Prime Minister (1978)
* Almost Alive (1978)
* It's a Heartburn (1980)
* Beer Commercials Drive Me...Nuts [On Radio & TV] (1980)
* Plugged In (1997)
# Szczepkowo-Iwany

Szczepkowo-Iwany is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Janowiec Kościelny, within Nidzica County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.
# Earl Mitchell

Earl Mitchell (born September 25, 1987) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Houston Texans in the third round of the 2010 NFL draft. He played college football for the Arizona Wildcats.

## College career

Mitchell attended the University of Arizona from 2006 to 2009.

## Professional career
### Houston Texans

Mitchell was selected by the Houston Texans in the third round (81st overall) of the 2010 NFL draft.

### Miami Dolphins

On March 11, 2014, he was signed by the Miami Dolphins to a four-year, $16 million contract including $9 million guaranteed.
On September 13, 2016, Mitchell was placed on injured reserve. He was activated off injured reserve to the active roster on November 10, 2016, prior to Week 10.
On February 17, 2017, Mitchell was released by the Dolphins.

### San Francisco 49ers (first stint)

On February 24, 2017, Mitchell signed a four-year, $16 million contract with the San Francisco 49ers. In his first season in San Francisco, Mitchell started all 16 games, recording 33 combined tackles, one sack, and a career-high four passes defensed.
On January 23, 2019, the 49ers declined the two-year option on Mitchell's contract, making him a free agent in 2019.

### Seattle Seahawks

On July 24, 2019, Mitchell was signed by the Seattle Seahawks. He was released on August 31, 2019.
On November 7, 2019, Mitchell announced his retirement from the NFL.

### San Francisco 49ers (second stint)

On January 1, 2020, Mitchell came out of retirement and signed with the 49ers. Mitchell reached Super Bowl LIV with 49ers, but lost 31–20 to the Kansas City Chiefs. Mitchell recorded 1 tackle and 0.5 sacks in the Super Bowl.

### NFL statistics

| Year | Team | GP | COMB | TOTAL | AST | SACK | FF | FR | FR YDS | INT | IR YDS | AVG IR | LNG | TD | PD |
| 2010 | HOU | 15 | 28 | 18 | 10 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | HOU | 16 | 27 | 14 | 13 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2012 | HOU | 16 | 31 | 19 | 12 | 0.0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 2013 | HOU | 16 | 48 | 30 | 18 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2014 | MIA | 16 | 33 | 21 | 11 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 | MIA | 12 | 22 | 14 | 8 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2016 | MIA | 9 | 17 | 11 | 6 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2017 | SF | 16 | 33 | 19 | 14 | 1.0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 2018 | SF | 14 | 28 | 17 | 11 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career | Career | 130 | 268 | 164 | 104 | 6.5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |

## Personal life

Mitchell was born and raised in Houston, moving around with his mom, who separated from his dad. His grandma sometimes provided a home for him in the Trinity Garden neighborhood, but she died when Mitchell was 14 and Mitchell's dad died during his senior year in college.
# Singles (TV series)

Singles is a British sitcom set in a singles bar produced by Yorkshire Television (a pilot episode having been produced by Thames Television in 1984). It aired for three series and 22 episodes on the ITV network between 1988 and 1991. Main character Malcolm, played by Roger Rees, was written out in the final series after Rees relocated to the United States with Simon Cadell joining the cast in his place as Dennis Duval.

## Cast

Pilot (Thames):
* Patricia Brake as Di
* Jane Carr as Jackie
* John Kavanagh as Clive
* Robin Nedwell as Malcolm
* Angela Richards as Pamela
TV series (Yorkshire):
* Susie Blake as Jackie
* Eamon Boland as Clive
* Simon Cadell as Dennis Duval
* Judy Loe as Pamela
* Gina Maher as Di
* Roger Rees as Malcolm

## Episodes
### Pilot

* "Singles' Night" (19 June 1984)

### Series 1

* "Encounter" (27 January 1988)
* "Foursome" (3 February 1988)
* "Yesterday" (10 February 1988)
* "Money, Money, Money" (17 February 1988)
* "Some Enchanted Evening" (24 February 1988)
* "The Gentle Art" (2 March 1988)
* "False Pretences" (9 March 1988)

### Series 2

* "Serenade" (23 January 1989)
* "The Charmer" (30 January 1989)
* "Old Flames" (6 February 1989)
* "Dangerous Moonlight" (13 February 1989)
* "Sons and Lovers" (20 February 1989)
* "Family Likeness" (27 February 1989)
* "Cold Feet" (6 March 1989)

### Series 3

* "Fourth Time Lucky for Dennis Duval?" (10 July 1991)
* "Don't Look Now!" (17 July 1991)
* "Blind Date" (24 July 1991)
* "Name Dropper" (31 July 1991)
* "Flash Back" (7 August 1991)
* "The Loser" (14 August 1991)
* "To Russia with Love" (21 August 1991)
# Vladimir Milenković

Vladimir Milenković (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Миленковић; born 22 June 1982) is a Serbian retired footballer who played as a striker.

## Career

Born in Niš, he played with his hometown club Radnički Niš until 2007 with the exception of a short spell in 2005 as a loaned player with Ukrainian Vorskla Poltava. Since Radnički was relegated in the 2007–08 season he moved to Montenegrin First League club Rudar Pljevlja where he played between January 2008 and January 2009. That winter he moved to Slovenian First League club Primorje and next summer he moved to another Slovenian club Interblock where he would play 6 months. In January 2010 he moved to Polish top league club Polonia Bytom. In summer 2011 he returned to Serbia and joined Serbian SuperLiga side Jagodina. During the second half of the 2012–13 season he played on loan with Timok in the Serbian First League. In summer 2013 he returned to the top league signing with his former club Radnički Niš.
# The Tunnel (1933 French-language film)

The Tunnel (French: Le Tunnel) is a 1933 French-German science fiction film directed by Curtis Bernhardt and starring Jean Gabin, Madeleine Renaud and Robert Le Vigan. It was the French language version of the German film The Tunnel, with a different cast and some changes to the plot. Both were followed in 1935 by an English version. Such Multiple-language versions were common in the years immediately following the introduction of sound, before the practice of dubbing had come to dominate international releases. Germany and France made a significant number of films together at this time.
The film is an adaptation of Bernhard Kellermann's 1913 novel Der Tunnel about the construction of a vast tunnel under the Atlantic Ocean connecting Europe and America. The film's Jewish director Bernhardt had fled Germany following the Nazi takeover, but returned briefly to shoot exterior scenes after being granted special permission by the German government.

## Cast

* Jean Gabin as Allan Mac Allan
* Madeleine Renaud as Mary Mac Allan
* Robert Le Vigan as Brooce, un ouvrier félon
* Edmond Van Daële as Le contremaître
* André Nox as Lloyd
* Pierre Nay as Hobby
* Gustaf Gründgens as Woolf
* André Bertic as Gordon
* Philippe Richard as Harryman
* Raymonde Allain as Ethel Lloyd
* Victor Vina as L'orateur
* Henri Valbel as Un ouvrier
* Alexandre Arnoux
* William Burke
* Henry Trévoux
# Brett Chivers

Brett Chivers (born 14 December 1976) is a Guamanian sailor. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Punta Cardón

Punta Cardón is a town and parish in the Carirubana autonomous municipality of Falcón state, Venezuela.
The town was once a poor fishing community on the Gulf of Coro on the northwest coast of Venezuela. Since the mid-1940s the community has become surrounded by the Paraguana- oil-refining complex, which today is run by PDVSA, the state oil company. The Spanish architect José Lino Vaamonde built the Club Manaure in Punta Cardón (1953) for Shell Venezuela.
# Monika Germann

Monika Germann (born April 23, 1954) is a former Swiss cross-country skier who competed in the early 1980s. She finished sixth in the 4 × 5 km relay at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo.

## Cross-country skiing results
### Olympic Games

| Year | Age | 5 km | 10 km | 20 km | 4 × 5 km  relay |
| 1984 | 29 | 42 | 38 | 34 | 6 |
# Babou Sidiki

Babou Sidiki Barro (born 10 June 1990) is an Ivorian footballer who plays as a winger.
# Luther "Georgia Boy" Johnson

Lucious Brinson Johnson (August 30, 1934 – March 18, 1976), known as Luther "Georgia Boy" Johnson, was an American Chicago blues and electric blues guitarist, singer and songwriter. AllMusic journalist Ron Wynn stated, "Johnson's own inimitable vocals, raspy lines and tart guitar eventually create his own aura... a good, occasionally outstanding blues artist."

## Life and career

Johnson was born Lucious Brinson Johnson in Davisboro, Georgia. He was raised on a farm and taught himself to play guitar. After completing his service in the US Army, Johnson played guitar with the Milwaukee Supreme Angels, a local gospel group in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. However, he gravitated towards blues and formed his own trio in Milwaukee. He relocated to Chicago, Illinois, in the early 1960s. He backed Elmore James prior to James's death in 1963, and joined Muddy Waters' backing band in 1966. Johnson worked with various musicians during this period, including Chicago Bob Nelson. He recorded his debut album, Come On Home, in 1968, with Muddy Waters' band.
In 1970, Johnson moved to Boston, Massachusetts, and found work on the blues festival and college circuits for the next few years. His album Born in Georgia was released by Black & Blue Records. It was followed by Chicken Shack (1974), Lonesome in My Bedroom (1975), and the final album issued in his lifetime, Get Down to the Nitty Gritty (1976). On records issued in his lifetime, he was credited as either Luther Johnson or Luther "Georgia Boy" Johnson, though he was also known to contemporaries as Luther "Snake" Johnson.
Johnson died of cancer in Boston on March 18, 1976. He was interred at the Mount Hope Cemetery, in Mattapan, Massachusetts.

## Discography

| Year | Title | Record label | Notes |
| 1966 | Live at Cafe Au Go Go | BluesWay | With John Lee Hooker |
| 1966 | The Blues Is Where It's At | BluesWay | With Otis Spann |
| 1967 | The Bottom of the Blues | BluesWay | With Otis Spann |
| 1968 | Cryin' Time | Vanguard | With Otis Spann |
| 1969 | Come On Home | Douglas Music | |
| 1969 | The Muddy Waters Blues Band | Transatlantic | With the Muddy Waters Blues Band |
| 1972 | Born in Georgia | Black & Blue | |
| 1974 | Chicken Shack | Muse | With the Muddy Waters Blues Band |
| 1975 | Lonesome in My Bedroom | Evidence | |
| 1976 | Get Down to the Nitty Gritty | New Rose Records | |
| 1992 | They Call Me the Snake | New Rose Records | |
| 2002 | They Call Me the Popcorn Man | Black & Blue Records | |
# Quincy Coleman

Quincy Coleman (born May 23, 1975, in Macon, Mississippi) is a former gridiron football defensive back in the National Football League and the Canadian Football League. He played college football for Jackson State University.
He was signed by the Edmonton Eskimos on November 10, 2001; re-signed by Edmonton on March 8, 2004. He was released in March 2005. Signed with the Ottawa Renegades as a free agent on April 7, 2005.
In 2005 Coleman recorded 46 tackles, five pass knockdowns, one fumble recovery and one interception in his first season with the Renegades. He also played for the Chicago Enforcers of the XFL.
# Indivior

Indivior is a specialty pharmaceuticals business. Established as a division of Reckitt Benckiser in 1994 and demerged from that company in December 2014, the company has been fined for false marketing claims about the safety of its drug, Suboxone. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

## History

The company was established as the Buprenorphine division of Reckitt Benckiser in 1994. In December 2014, Reckitt Benckiser spun off its specialty pharmaceuticals business into a separate company named Indivior. By February 2015, the company was capitalised at £2.3 billion (US$3.1 billion) on the London Stock Exchange.
In 2019, Indivior was indicted over claims that it had made false marketing claims about the safety of its drug, Suboxone, and had concocted a scheme to direct patients towards doctors who were likely to prescribe Suboxone. Reckitt Benckiser has settled with the Justice Department to pay $1.4 billion to resolve a U.S. Federal investigation into sales and marketing of opioid addiction treatment.
In July 2020, Indivior Solutions, Indivior Inc., and Indivior PLC agreed to pay $600 million to resolve liability related to false marketing of Suboxone to MassHealth for use by patients with children under the age of six years old. Additionally, Indivior Solutions Inc pleaded guilty to one-count of felony information.
In November 2022, it was announced Indivior had acquired the Santa Monica-headquartered, NASDAQ-listed biopharmaceutical company, Opiant.
In July 2023 Indivior paid $20.4 million to C4X Discovery for the full rights to the orexin-1 receptor antagonist being developed for substance use disorder. Indivior had already made an upfront payment of $10 million in 2018 and pledged milestone payments of up to $284 million. Under the new agreement C4X Discovery waived any rights to further payment.
In May 2024, the company confirmed that it would transfer its primary share listing to the U.S.

## Operations

The company's main products are Sublocade, Subutex and its Naloxone-combined preparation Suboxone, both substitution products for opioid addiction. Other products include remedies for cocaine and opioid analgesic overdose and treatment for alcohol dependence: the company claims this to be the largest pipeline of addiction drugs in the world.
* Suboxone sublingual film
# Bowman-Haley Dam

Bowman-Haley Dam is an embankment dam located in Bowman County, North Dakota, in the southwestern part of the state. The dam is just over 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the South Dakota border.
The earthen dam was constructed in 1970 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers to impound the North Fork of the Grand River for flood control, fish and wildlife preservation, recreation, and municipal and industrial water supply. The dam is owned and operated by the Corps of Engineers, with a height of 79 feet (24 m) and a length of 5,730 feet (1,750 m) at its crest.
The reservoir it creates, Bowman-Haley Lake, has a water surface of 2.7 square miles (7.0 km$^2$) and a maximum capacity of 171,838 acre-feet (211,959,000 m$^3$), although its normal storage level of 19,780 acre-feet (24,400,000 m$^3$) is much smaller.
# Liselotte Kobi

Liselotte Kobi (15 February 1930 – 25 June 2022) was a Swiss swimmer. She competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Summer Olympics.