OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rosa 'Claude Monet'

Rosa 'Claude Monet' (aka JACdesa) is a red blend hybrid tea rose cultivar, bred by American hybridizer, Jack E. Christensen. The rose is named for the French painter, Claude Monet. It was introduced into the US in 1992 by Jackson & Perkins Co. and also introduced the same year in France by Delbard Nursery as part of their Painter roses series.

## Description

'Claude Monet' is a medium-sized upright, bushy hybrid tea rose, 3 to 4 ft (0.91–1.22 m) in height, with a 2 ft (0.61 m) spread. It has a double (17–25 petals), high-centered bloom form. Bloom size is 2 to 3 in (51 to 76 mm). The rose has a mild, fruity fragrance. The flowers are "lemon yellow splashed with crimson when opening, then cream and pink as they age." The flowers are carried singly or in clusters of up to five flowers. 'Claude Monet' blooms in flushes throughout the growing season.
This hybrid tea was developed by Christensen before 1992 from unknown parents. The rose is named for the French painter, Claude Monet. It was introduced into the US in 1992 by Jackson & Perkins and also introduced the same year in France by Delbard Nursery as part of their Painter roses series.

## History
### Jack E. Christensen

Jack E. Christensen (1949–2021) was an award-winning American rose breeder, garden writer and biology teacher from Southern California. Christensen was born in Glendale, California in 1949. He showed an early interest in nature and gardening when he was very young. In high school, Christensen won a scholarship to University of California, Los Angeles. He initially planned to become a doctor, but later changed his mind and transferred to Cal Poly Pomona to study Botany.
Christensen spent most of his horticultural career at Armstrong Nurseries in Southern California. He progressed through the company until he became a hybridizer of roses and fruit trees, and vice-president of research. During his career, he developed over 80 new rose cultivars, including 'Henry Fonda', 'Peppermint Twist', 'White Lightnin'' and 'Gold Medal''. Christensen was the youngest hybridizer to win an All-America Rose Selections (AARS) in 1986, with his hybrid tea, 'Voodoo'.
# List of songs recorded by Farewell, My Love

The following is a list of recorded songs by the American rock band Farewell, My Love.
| Song Title | Year | Album | Length | Notes |
| "Above it All" | 2016 | Above it All | 4:13 | |
| "A Dance You Won't Forget" | 2011 | A Dance You Won't Forget (EP) | 3:25 | |
| "Afraid of the Dark" | 2013 | Gold Tattoos | 3:55 | |
| "All Night" | 2018 | Farewell, My Love (EP) | 3:47 | |
| "Angels" | 2013 | Gold Tattoos | 3:26 | |
| "Burn out the Night" | 2016 | Above it All | 3:18 | |
| "Catch Your Breath" | 2018 | Farewell, My Love (EP) | 3:01 | |
| "Crazy" | 2016 | Above it All | 3:06 |
| "Don't Wait for Me" | 2016 | Above it All | 4:19 | |
| "Faceless Frames" | 2013 | Gold Tattoos | 4:40 | |
| "The Glamour" | 2011 | A Dance You Won't Forget (EP) | 3:34 | |
| "Gold Tattoos" | 2013 | Gold Tattoos | 3:47 | |
| "The Hardest Heart" | 2013 | A Dance You Won't Forget (EP) | 3:32 | |
| "Help Me Out" | 2018 | Farewell, My Love (EP) | 4:20 | |
| "Hit or Miss" | 2016 | Above it All | 3:52 | |
| "Inside a Nightmare" | 2016 | Above it All | 3:37 | |
| "It's My Life" | 2013 | Mirror, Mirror (EP) | 3:27 | Cover of Bon Jovi's "It's My Life" |
| "Just Another Soul" | 2011 | A Dance You Won't Forget (EP) | 3:59 | |
| "Just Another Soul (Acoustic)" | 2013 | Mirror, Mirror (EP) | 4:03 | |
| "Last Goodbye" | 2016 | Above it All | 2:27 | |
| "Make Believe" | 2016 | Above it All | 3:56 | |
| "Maybe I" | 2016 | Above it All | 4:06 | |
| "Mirror, Mirror" | 2013 | Mirror, Mirror (EP) & Gold Tattoos | 3:00 | |
| "Never Stop" | 2016 | Above it All | 3:31 | |
| "New Scenario" | 2018 | Farewell, My Love (EP) | 4:20 | |
| "Nostalgia" | 2013 | Gold Tattoos | 0:50 | |
| "Paper Forts" | 2013 | Gold Tattoos | 4:28 | |
| "Portraits" | 2011 | A Dance You Won't Forget (EP) | 3:02 | |
| "The Queen of Hearts" | 2013 | Gold Tattoos | 4:31 | |
| "Rewind the Play" | 2013 | Gold Tattoos | 4:50 | |
| "Skip the Memories" | 2013 | Mirror, Mirror (EP) & Gold Tattoos | 3:15 | |
| "Skip the Memories II" | 2016 | Above it All | 4:03 | |
| "Victory" | 2018 | Farewell, My Love (EP) | 3:29 | |
| "Welcome to the Beginning" | 2016 | Above it All | 1:39 | |
| "Who Are You?" | 2016 | Above it All | 4:20 | |
| "Wrong & Right" | 2011 | A Dance You Won't Forget (EP) | 2:58 | |
| "Skip the Memories (Acoustic)" | 2014 | Wrapped Up In Pinstripes | 3:27 | |
| "My Perfect Thing (Acoustic)" | 2014 | Wrapped Up In Pinstripes | 4:12 | |
| "Portraits (Acoustic)" | 2014 | Wrapped Up In Pinstripes | 2:56 | |
| "Gold Tattoos (Acoustic)" | 2014 | Wrapped Up In Pinstripes | 3:59 | |
| "Paper Forts (Acoustic)" | 2014 | Wrapped Up In Pinstripes | 4:45 | |
# List of number-one albums of 2012 (Canada)

These are the Canadian number-one albums of 2012. The chart is compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and published by Jam! Canoe, issued every Sunday. The chart also appears in Billboard magazine as Top Canadian Albums.

## Chart history

Key :
| † | Indicates best-performing album of 2012 |
| Issue date | Album | Artist | Sales |
| January 7 | Christmas | Michael Bublé | |
| January 14 | 21 † | Adele | |
| January 21 | 21 † | Adele | 19,000 |
| January 28 | 21 † | Adele | 14,000 |
| February 4 | 21 † | Adele | 14,000 |
| February 11 | 21 † | Adele | 14,000 |
| February 18 | Old Ideas | Leonard Cohen | 38,000 |
| February 25 | 21 † | Adele | 21,000 |
| March 3 | 21 † | Adele | 53,000 |
| March 10 | 21 † | Adele | 28,000 |
| March 17 | 21 † | Adele | |
| March 24 | Star Académie 2012 | Various artists | |
| March 31 | Up All Night | One Direction | |
| April 7 | Tuskegee | Lionel Richie | 18,000 |
| April 14 | MDNA | Madonna | 32,000 |
| April 21 | Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded | Nicki Minaj | |
| April 28 | 21 † | Adele | 10,000 |
| May 5 | Love Is a Four Letter Word | Jason Mraz | 19,300 |
| May 12 | Blunderbuss | Jack White | 16,600 |
| May 19 | Blown Away | Carrie Underwood | 17,300 |
| May 26 | 21 † | Adele | 9,200 |
| June 2 | Trespassing | Adam Lambert | 7,300 |
| June 9 | Born and Raised | John Mayer | 17,800 |
| June 16 | Born and Raised | John Mayer | 7,790 |
| June 23 | 21 † | Adele | 6,700 |
| June 30 | Clockwork Angels | Rush | 20,000 |
| July 7 | Believe | Justin Bieber | 57,000 |
| July 14 | Living Things | Linkin Park | 20,000 |
| July 21 | Wild Ones | Flo Rida | 14,300 |
| July 28 | Uncaged | Zac Brown Band | 8,100 |
| August 4 | Wild Ones | Flo Rida | 6,000 |
| August 11 | Up All Night | One Direction | |
| August 18 | God Forgives, I Don't | Rick Ross | |
| August 25 | Believe | Justin Bieber | |
| September 1 | Cabin Fever | Corb Lund | |
| September 8 | The Midsummer Station | Owl City | 3,700 |
| September 15 | Havoc and Bright Lights | Alanis Morissette | |
| September 22 | The Sheepdogs | The Sheepdogs | |
| September 29 | Dead Silence | Billy Talent | |
| October 6 | The Truth About Love | Pink | |
| October 13 | Babel | Mumford & Sons | |
| October 20 | Babel | Mumford & Sons | |
| October 27 | Babel | Mumford & Sons | |
| November 3 | Night Train | Jason Aldean | |
| November 10 | Red | Taylor Swift | |
| November 17 | Red | Taylor Swift | |
| November 24 | Sans attendre | Celine Dion | |
| December 1 | Take Me Home | One Direction | |
| December 8 | Unapologetic | Rihanna | |
| December 15 | Merry Christmas, Baby | Rod Stewart | |
| December 22 | Merry Christmas, Baby | Rod Stewart | |
| December 29 | Merry Christmas, Baby | Rod Stewart | |
# Meola Reef

Meola Reef, or Te Tokaroa in Māori ('toka'='rock', 'roa'='long'), is a lava flow forming a reef peninsula across part of Auckland's Waitemata Harbour, New Zealand. The reef extends for over 2 kilometres across the harbour, to within 500 metres of Kauri Point on the northern shore.

## Geography and natural history

The reef was formed more than 28,000 years ago from the final portion of an 11 kilometre lava flow that originated from Mount Saint John volcano. Until 2008 it was believed the lava had flowed from Te Tatua-a-Riukiuta volcano, but geochemical analyses that year revealed that the lava matched that of Mount Saint John. The route of the lava flow had been disguised by Maungawhau / Mount Eden, which had later erupted through it.
Located between the Point Chevalier and Westmere suburbs and protecting the calm waters of Coxs Bay, the reef is easily seen in the west from the Auckland Harbour Bridge at low tide, when much of it lies exposed. The best viewpoint is at Kauri Point, the headland to the east of Kendall Bay. The portion of the reef close to shore is covered by mangroves, and further out the rocks are covered by rock oysters, then bare. Strong footwear is needed to walk on the lava.

## History

The reef had two traditional names to Tāmaki Māori: Te Tokaroa ("The Long Reef") and Te Ara Whakapekapeka a Ruarangi ("The Perplexing Pathway of Ruarangi"). The reef was home to Spirobranchus fanworms until the 1960s, when Pacific oysters began displacing the fanworms. In the 1970s, plans for a Second Harbour Crossing from the reef to Birkenhead were shelved after public outcry.
Meola Reef was the site of the city's tip for many years. This has now been capped and replaced by a 15 ha public reserve, with mangrove swamps in the streams and tidal salt marshes either side.
In the 1990s, a local community effort to plant native trees on the reserve began. Since its establishment as a reserve, much of the Meola Reef became a fully fenced off-leash dog park.
# Clarkabad

Clarkabad is a Christian-majority village located in Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan.

## History

It was founded by an English missionary, Robert Clark who purchased 1900 acres of land from the government.
The land, which was drained once canal system established, was allocated to the Chuhras who left their traditional occupation as sweepers and became farmers.
# Francesco Amico

Francesco Amico SJ was a prominent Catholic theologian, born in Cosenza, in Calabria, 2 April 1578.

## Biography

Francesco Amico entered the Society of Jesus in 1596. For twenty-four years he was professor of theology at Naples, Aquila, and Gratz, and, for five years, chancellor in the academy of Gratz. He was scholastic in his method, adapting his treatises to a four-year course of teaching. He wrote De Deo Uno et Trino; De Natura Angelorum; De Ultimo Fine; De Fide, Spe, et Charitate; De Justitia et Jure, which was prohibited, 18 June 1651 donec corrigatur, on account of three propositions in it, which Pope Alexander VII and Innocent XI objected to. The corrected edition of 1649 was permitted. He wrote also on the Incarnation, and the sacraments.
# Radio Lumière

Radio Lumière is an Evangelical Christian radio network in Haiti. The headquarters is located in Port-au-Prince.

## History

Radio Lumière was founded in December 1958 by Evangelical Baptist Mission of South Haiti in Les Cayes. It was officially launched in February 1959.
# David Mitchell (politician)

Sir David Bower Mitchell (20 June 1928 – 30 August 2014) was a British Conservative politician who was a Member of Parliament for over 30 years, and who served as a junior minister in Margaret Thatcher's government.

## Early life

Mitchell was born in the Amersham Rural District in Buckinghamshire, and educated at Aldenham School, Hertfordshire, before becoming a wine shipper and merchant.

## Political career

Mitchell served as a councillor on St Pancras Borough Council from 1956 to 1959. He contested St Pancras North in 1959. He was the Member of Parliament for Basingstoke from 1964 to 1983, and for Hampshire North West from 1983 until he retired in 1997. In 1970, he was appointed Parliamentary Private Secretary to Keith Joseph, Secretary of State for Social Services in the Heath Ministry.
Mitchell served in the Thatcher Ministry as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Industry, 1979–1981, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Northern Ireland Office, 1981–1983, and then Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, 9 June 1983 – 9 January 1986, and Minister of State, 9 January 1986 – 25 July 1988, at the Department of Transport. He was knighted in 1988 upon his resignation from Government.

## Family

Mitchell's son Andrew Mitchell is the Member of Parliament for Sutton Coldfield, and served as a minister in the governments of John Major, David Cameron and Rishi Sunak.

## Publications

In 2008, Sir David Mitchell published an autobiography entitled "From House to House, The Endless Adventures of Politics & Wine" with The Memoir Club, ISBN 978-1-84104-191-9.
# Shuji Kira

Shuji Kira (吉良 州司, Kira Shūji, born March 16, 1958) is a Japanese politician of Yūshi no Kai, who serves as a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (the national legislature of Japan). He represents Ōita 1st district and was a member of the Democratic Party of Japan until its dissolution. A native of Ōita and graduate of the University of Tokyo, he ran unsuccessfully for the governorship of Ōita Prefecture in 2003. In the same year, he ran for the House of Representatives as an independent and was elected for the first time.
# Freedom Williams

Frederick Brandon "Freedom" Williams (born February 13, 1966) is an American rapper, singer and songwriter, who gained fame as the lead rapper on C+C Music Factory's biggest hits.

## Career

Born in Brooklyn in 1966, Williams went to school to become an audio engineer and worked as a janitor at New York's Quad Recording Studios. At the time, Robert Clivillés and David Cole frequently used this studio. Clivillés and Cole heard and liked Williams' baritone timbre and rhythmic flow and they recruited Williams to rap on their 1990 debut album Gonna Make You Sweat as part of Clivillés and Cole's music group C+C Music Factory. Williams' rapping can be prominently heard on many of the songs on the album, including Billboard Hot 100 No. 1 "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)", as well as other major hits "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" and "Things That Make You Go Hmmm..." (both released as singles in 1991). All three of those songs hit No. 1 on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart. According to C+C Music Factory founder Clivillés, he and Cole had asked him in 1994 to work on new C+C Music Factory material, but Williams refused.
Williams' solo debut, Freedom was released on June 1, 1993, on Columbia Records. The single "Voice of Freedom" peaked at No. 74 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 4 on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart in 1993, and its follow-up "Groove Your Mind" also charted on the Club Play chart, peaking at No. 33. In 2004, he enjoyed chart success again in the UK with his single "Sweat the Remixes" on RMD Entertainment. The song got national airplay and peaked at No. 8 on the UK Dance Charts that year. Williams contributed all the rap vocals for Eurodance act Masterboy's digital-only best-of-release "US Album" from 2006.
Williams was the majority owner of the Continental Basketball Association's Atlanta Krunk franchise.
In the late 1990s, Williams started to worldwide perform shows under the C+C Music Factory, or a variation of that name. In 2005 C+C Music Factory founding member Clivillés labeled this "the biggest insult in the world". In 2003, Freedom Williams acquired the federal trademark to use the name "C and C Music Factory" for live performances. Williams toured under that name until renewing his trademark to "C & C Music Factory" in 2014. As of 2014, Williams has owned the trademark rights to the name for all related efforts, not just live performances.

### Albums

* Freedom (1993, Columbia Records)
* Sweat (Everybody Dance Now) (2004, RMD Entertainment/Mega Bop)

### Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | AUS | NZ | UK | Album |
| "Voice of Freedom" | 1993 | 41 | 24 | 62 | Freedom |
| "Groove Your Mind" | 1993 | — | — | — | Freedom |

### Featured

* "Another Night"
* "Into the Future", a collaboration with Mark E Walker (who has a hit with Stevie B)
# Wordsworth (rapper)

Vinson Jamel Johnson, better known by his stage name Wordsworth, is an American rapper from Brooklyn, New York.

## Biography

Wordsworth grew up in Brooklyn, New York. He started rapping in fifth grade. He graduated from the State University of New York at Old Westbury and the University of Miami.
Wordsworth recorded with his partner Punchline on A Tribe Called Quest's The Love Movement and on Black Star's Mos Def & Talib Kweli Are Black Star. He was involved in the MTV comedy sketch series The Lyricist Lounge Show. He also appeared in the Kevin Fitzgerald film Freestyle: The Art of Rhyme. In 2004, he released his debut solo studio album, Mirror Music. In 2012, he released another solo studio album, The Photo Album.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Mirror Music (2004)
* The Photo Album (2012)
* New Beginning (2015) (with Donel Smokes)
* Our World Today (2017) (with Sam Brown)
* Champion Sounds (2019) (with Pearl Gates)
* Fragility of Life (2021)

### EPs

* Punch n' Words (2000) (with Punchline)
* Blame It on the Music (2016) (with Jsoul)
* Undivided Attention (2021) (with Jay-EF)

### Singles

* "On Your Feet" / "That Way" (2002)
* "Thanks for Coming Out" (2003)
* "Bosoms" (2003) (with J-Live and Soulive)
* "Not Me" / "Wildlife" (2003)
* "Buy Time" (2014)

### Guest appearances

* A Tribe Called Quest - "Rock Rock Y'all" from The Love Movement (1998)
* Black Star - "Twice Inna Lifetime" from Mos Def & Talib Kweli Are Black Star (1998)
* The High & Mighty - "Open Mic Night (Remix)" from Home Field Advantage (1999)
* C-Rayz Walz - "The Lineup" from Ravipops (The Substance) (2003)
* Prince Paul - "Not Tryin' to Hear That/Words (Album Leak) from Politics of the Business (2003)
* Prince Paul - "Chubb Rock Please Pay Paul His $2200 You Owe Him (People, Places and Things)" from Politics of the Business (2003)
* Tonedeff - "Quotables" from Archetype (2005)
* Pumpkinhead - "Trifactor" from Orange Moon Over Brooklyn (2005)
* Juggaknots - "Liar, Liar" and "Crazy 8's" from Use Your Confusion (2006)
* Oh No - "Know Better" from Exodus into Unheard Rhythms (2006)
* Marco Polo - "Wrong One" from Port Authority (2007)
* Masta Ace - "Say Goodbye" from The Falling Season (2016)

## Filmography
### Films

* Freestyle: The Art of Rhyme (2000)

### Television

* The Lyricist Lounge Show (2000)
# Glover Ruckstell

Glover Edwin Ruckstell (May 5, 1891 – May 28, 1963) was an American racing driver and engineer. He is best known as the inventor of the Ruckstell Axle for use on Ford motor vehicles.

## Biography

Ruckstell was born in San Francisco, California to John R. Ruckstell and Eleanor G. Brown. He completed two years of high school and then dropped out. By 1914 he was working as an engineer and a race car driver. Though not a full-time driver, he managed the Mercer team which competed in the 1915 Indianapolis 500.
In 1917, Ruckstell became the assistant to Lieutenant Colonel Elbert J. Hall for tests on the Liberty L-12 aircraft engine. As the head of Hall-Scott airplane development, he co-designed the Hall-Scott L-6 Aircraft Engine using Liberty L-12 components as well as the Hall-Scott LM-6 Marine Engine. Ruckstell became a Commissioned Captain of the United States Army Air Service in aircraft production in 1918, where he was in charge of the construction of the De Havilland airplane production at the Dayton-Wright Airplane Company.
During the 1920s, he founded the Ruckstell Corporation and became its president and general manager. As president of the company, he designed the Ruckstell Axle, a planetary gearing installed in the rear axle of the Ford Model T passenger car and Ford Model TT truck, and the Ruckstell-Burkhardt Auxiliary Aircraft Engines.
In the 1930s, he was awarded Commercial Pilot’s License #10,006 C.A.A. and became president and the general manager of Grand Canyon Airlines. In the mid-1930s Ruckstell became president of the Ruckstell-Burkhardt Engineering Company and he negotiated the contract and operated the Boulder Dam Recreational Area, under the Department of the Interior.
Ruckstell died on May 28, 1963 in Riverside, California. He was buried in Desert Memorial Park in Cathedral City, California.

## Legacy

Ruckstell's papers are archived at the San Diego Air and Space Museum Library and Archives.
# Walter S. Gurnee

Walter Smith Gurnee (March 9, 1813 – April 17, 1903) served as Mayor of Chicago (1851–53) for the Democratic Party. The Village of Gurnee, Illinois is named for him.

## Biography

Gurnee was born in Haverstraw, New York and arrived in Chicago in 1836 after spending time in Michigan. Once in Chicago, he established a tannery, which, by 1844, employed between thirty and fifty men. He was a founding member of the Chicago Board of Trade. Prior to becoming the mayor of Chicago, Gurnee was the primary partner of Gurnee & Matteson, a saddlery and leather firm. Gurnee did well enough in this business, and in his tannery, that he amassed a large fortune before moving to New York City.
Gurnee campaigned for the mayoralty on the issue of public ownership of the city's water supply. Once in office, he fought against the merger of the Illinois Central and Michigan Central railroads, originally planned to meet up south of the city. He was elected to two terms, winning the mayoralty in 1851 and being reelected in 1852.
Gurnee unsuccessfully attempted to stage a return to the mayor's office in the 1860 mayoral election. He lost to "Long John" Wentworth, who had previously served a term as mayor as a Democrat, but had switched to the Republican Party.
The village of Gurnee, Illinois was named for him.
# Idhayam (brand)

Idhayam (pronunciation) is a sesame oil brand produced by V. V. V. and Sons Edible Oils Limited. The company was founded in December 1986 by V. V. V. Rajendran, however, soon thereafter, his sons V. R. Muthu, V. R. Sathyam and V. R. Thendral began to manage the operations of the company. V. R. Muthu is the current CEO of the company.
The company started producing and marketing Mantra groundnut oil from the year 2006 starting in Tamil Nadu. It also has introduced the Mantra Brand in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. Today the company sells its Sesame and other oil brands in all Indian states and exports to 49 Countries generating an annual revenue of Rs.569 Crores. The company is the fastest-growing oil brand in India, with a market share of 90% in Sesame Oil and 70% in Groundnut oil.
# Joseph W. Cowgill

Joseph William Cowgill (April 24, 1908 – November 19, 1986) was an American Democratic Party politician who served as the Minority Leader of the New Jersey Senate.
Born in Camden, New Jersey on April 24, 1908, he graduated in 1925 from Camden High School, was a 1929 graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and a 1933 graduate of the University of Pennsylvania Law School.
He was elected to the New Jersey General Assembly representing Camden County in 1940. He did not seek re-election to a second term in 1941, but instead ran for Camden County Surrogate (Probate Court Judge). He resigned as Surrogate in 1943 to join the U.S. Navy during World War II. Cowgill was an Assistant Camden County Prosecutor in 1945, and served as the Camden County Counsel from 1947 to 1953, and again from 1957 to 1960.
He was a Delegate to the 1947 New Jersey Constitutional Convention, and an Alternate Delegate to the 1956 Democratic National Convention. He was elected to the Camden County Board of Chosen Freeholders in 1952; he did not seek re-election in 1955, but instead ran for an open State Senate seat when Bruce A. Wallace retired. In a close race, Cowgill defeated Republican Haddon Township Mayor William G. Rohrer by 290 votes, 54,683 (50.02%) to 54,393 (49.76%). Cowgill again faced Rohrer when he sought re-election in 1959; this time, Cowgill won by 4,092 votes, 61,656 (51.72%) to 57,564 (48.28%). He served as the Senate Minority Leader from 1959 to 1964. In 1963, Cowgill was defeated for re-election to a third term as State Senator, losing to Republican Frederick Scholz by 13,627 votes, 72,873 (54.94%) to 59,246 (44.66%).