OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bill Lever

William George Hulme Lever (20 April 1904 – 25 September 1986) was a former Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

The son of William Lever (1877–1909) and Sophia Amelia Lever (1882–1962), née Potter, William George Hulme Lever was born at Prahran, Victoria on 20 April 1904.

## Football
### Carlton (VFL)

Bill Lever played fourteen games for Carlton in 1929–30.

### Preston (VFA)

Bill Lever subsequently played seven games for Preston in the 1930 season.

## Military service

Aged 36, Lever enlisted in the Volunteer Defence Corps during World War II in 1940, and served in Melbourne until 1944.
# 2025 in Barbados

Events in the year 2025 in Barbados.

## Incumbents

* President: Sandra Mason
* Prime Minister: Mia Mottley

## Holidays

Source:
* 1 January - New Year's Day
* 21 January - Errol Barrow Day
* 18 April – Good Friday
* 21 April - Easter Monday
* 28 April - National Heroes' Day
* 1 May - May Day
* 9 June - Whit Monday
* 1 August - Emancipation Day
* 4 August - Kadooment Day
* 30 November – Independence Day
* 1 December – Independence Day holiday
* 25 December – Christmas Day
* 26 December – Boxing Day
# Rishat Shafikov

Rishat Rimzovich Shafikov (Russian: Ришат Римзович Шафиков; born 23 January 1970) is a retired Russian race walker.
He was born in Chelyabinsk. He won a bronze medal at the 1989 European Junior Championships. His best senior competition was at the 1996 Olympic Games, when he finished fifth in the |20 km race. He also finished seventh at the 1997 World Race Walking Cup, and placed lowly at the 1995 World Race Walking Cup (105th) and the 1999 World Race Walking Cup (68th).
# Patrik Bartošák

Patrik Bartošák (born 29 March 1993) is a Czech professional ice hockey goaltender. He is currently playing with the Lahti Pelicans of the Liiga. Bartošák was selected by the Los Angeles Kings in the 5th round (146th overall) of the 2013 NHL Entry Draft. Bartošák is a nephew of former NHL player, Radek Bonk.

## Playing career

Bartošák played major junior hockey with the Red Deer Rebels in the Western Hockey League from the 2011–12 season, was rewarded for his outstanding play during the 2012–13 WHL season by winning the Del Wilson Trophy as the Western Hockey League's Goaltender of the Year, and also being named to the 2013 WHL East First All-Star Team. He also won the CHL goalie of the year award for the 2012–13 season.
In the 2015–16 season, while with the Kings now ECHL affiliate, the Manchester Monarchs, Bartošák appeared in 2 games before he was suspended indefinitely without pay by the Kings, after he was arrested on second-degree assault charges in a domestic violence case against his then-girlfriend by New Hampshire authorities on 18 November 2015. On 1 February 2016, Bartošák effectively ended his tenure in the Kings organization in returning to his native Czech Republic and signing to return to HC Vítkovice Steel of the Czech Extraliga. With HC Vítkovice effectively agreeing to take over the final year of his entry-level contract with the Kings, Bartošák would not be retained with the qualifying offer by the Kings in the following off-season.
In four seasons with HC Vítkovice, Bartošák established himself as a top-ranked goaltender in the ELH. Following the 2018–19 season, having led the league in save percentage for a second successive season, Bartošák left at the conclusion of his contract and agreed to a two-year contract with rival club, HC Oceláři Třinec, on 1 May 2019.
After a season in the Finnish Liiga with the Lahti Pelicans, Bartošák continued his journeyman career by agreeing to a one-year contract with Russian club Amur Khabarovsk of the KHL on 22 June 2021. In the following 2021–22 season, Bartošák posted just two wins through 11 games for Amur, before leaving the club to conclude his season in returning to previous club, Lahti Pelicans of the Liiga on 16 February 2022.

## Awards and honours

| Award | Year |
| WHL |||
| East First All-Star Team | 2013 |
| Del Wilson Trophy | 2013 |
| CHL Goaltender of the Year | 2013 |
| East Second All-Star Team | 2014 |
| AHL |||
| Calder Cup (Manchester Monarchs) | 2015 |
| ELH |||
| Best SVS% (.933) | 2018 |
| Best SVS% (.935) | 2019 |
# Don Parish (rugby league)

Don Parish is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and coached in the 1970s. An Australia international and New South Wales state representative goal-kicking fullback or three-quarter back, he played club football in Sydney's NSWRFL Premiership for the Western Suburbs club, as well as elsewhere in New South Wales. Parish later coached Wests and Penrith.

## Playing career

Hailing from the country New South Wales town of Dubbo, Parish played for the Macquarie club, becoming their first international when he was selected to go on the 1959/60 Kangaroo tour.
In 1959 Parish scored a try and kicked three goals in the New South Wales team's loss to Queensland that attracted 35,261 spectators, smashing Brisbane's previous record for an interstate match of 22,817. Later that year he became Kangaroo No. 358 when selected as a non-playing reserve in the Test series against New Zealand. Parish then toured with the 1959-60 Kangaroos and played in 12 matches (no Tests) and scored 55 points (7 tries, 17 goals).
Parish started playing first grade in the Sydney premiership for the Western Suburbs club in the 1961 NSWRFL season and that year toured New Zealand with the Australian side, making his Test debut. In the 12-10 First Test loss in Auckland he had the distinction of becoming the first Australian fullback to score a try in a Test match and was the tour's leading point-scorer with 58 points (4 tries, 23 goals). At the end of the season he played at fullback in Wests' loss to St. George in the grand final.
In 1962 Parish played in Australia's First Test loss to Great Britain, which was his last international match. That season he was the League's top point-scorer. In 1963 he again played fullback for Wests in another grand final defeat by St. George. Parish's last season playing for Wests was 1967.

## Coaching career

Following his retirement from the playing field, Parish coached on the Southern New South Wales coast, taking the Illawarra Rugby League's Western Suburbs club to premierships in 1969 and 1970, as well as coaching the Illawarra group team to victory in the Country Divisional Championship.
At the end of the 1971 NSWRFL season Parish was appointed to take over from Ron Watson as Western Suburbs' first grade coach. He coached the club until 1976, moving to Penrith in 1977. Half-way through the 1978 NSWRFL season, Len Stacker was appointed to replace Parish as Penrith head coach at the season's end.
Sporting positions :
| Preceded byBarry Harris 1975-1976 | Coach Penrith 1977–1978 | Succeeded byLen Stacker 1979-1981 |
| Preceded byRon Watson 1970-1971 | Coach Western Suburbs 1972–1976 | Succeeded byTommy Raudonikis 1976 |
# Marotta (disambiguation)

Marotta is a surname of Italian origin. It may refer to:

## People

* Alessandro Marotta (b. 1986), Italian footballer
* Alfonso Marotta (1923–1982), Italian former modern pentathlete
* Alphonse S. Marotta (1934–2024), American politician in Connecticut
* Angelo Marotta (b. 1937), American politician
* Erasmo Marotta (1565–1641), Italian composer
* Florencia Marotta-Wurgler, American lawyer
* Gabriele Marotta (b. 1967), Italian racing driver
* Giuseppe Marotta (b. 1957), Italian football executive
* Giuseppe Marotta (1902–1663), Italian writer
* Ilya Espino de Marotta, Marine engineer and leader of the Panama Canal Expansion Project
* Jerry Marotta (b. 1956), American musician, brother of Rick
* Renato Marotta (b. 1974), Italian actor
* Rich Marotta, American sportscaster
* Rick Marotta (born 1948), American musician, brother of Jerry
* Saverio Marotta (1911–1943), Italian naval officer during World War II
* Ugo Marotta (b. 1942), Brazilian musician
* Vincent Marotta (1924–2015), American businessman, investor and philanthropist

## Other

* Marotta, an American aerospace and defence company
* Marotta (village), an Italian village in the Province of Pesaro and Urbino, Marche
# You Can't Buy Luck

You Can't Buy Luck is a 1937 American murder mystery film directed by Lew Landers and starring Onslow Stevens, Helen Mack and Vinton Hayworth. It was produced and distributed by Hollywood studio RKO Pictures.

## Plot

Superstitious New York gambler Joe Baldwin (Onslow Stevens), owner of the thoroughbred racing horse Sarcasm, believes that luck can be bought with charitable deeds. Before the Kentucky Derby, to "buy luck," he finances an expensive trip to Europe for gold-digger Jean Jason, his "good luck charm," not knowing she is taking her lover with her, gigolo and sometime artist Paul Vinette (Vinton Hayworth). He also gives his old friend Frank Brent cash to save his cab business and visits an orphanage in Louisville with his sister, where he meets Betty McKay (Helen Mack), a pretty teacher who scoffs at his philosophy.
She scolds him for wishing for rain on the day of the Derby to aid his horse, who runs best on a muddy track, because the orphans plan an outdoor party. Although it rains as wished, Sarcasm loses the Derby, and Joe is convinced that it was because the orphans were pulling against him. In an attempt to repair the damage before the Preakness, Joe throws the orphans a lavish party, hiring clowns and other entertainment. To Betty's surprise, Joe is as excited as the children, and they fall in love.
After Sarcasm wins the Preakness, Joe returns to New York, where Jean is back from Europe. Joe tells her that he will not be seeing her any more because he is going to marry Betty, and she cajoles $50,000 from him as a final "luck insurance" payment. Before Joe shows up with the check, however, Paul arrives at Jean's apartment. They argue when he sees that she plans to run out on him with the money. Jean threatens him with a gun, and during a scuffle, kills her.
Joe arrives at Jean's building, where Paul is waiting outside. He lights the unsuspecting Joe's cigarette and gives him the matchbook, then telephones the police and, posing as Joe, "confesses" that he just murdered Jean. Joe is tried for Jean's murder and convicted on circumstantial evidence, but escapes before his final lockup. Using Frank's cab to get around, and with the help of Betty to question the many possible suspects, Joe tracks down Paul using the passenger lists of Jean's voyage.
Paul discovers the ploy and has Joe apprehended. Joe convinces the police to question Paul. By matching partial fingerprints from the crime scene to those left by Paul at the police station, Paul is implicated in the murder and confesses. Sure now that luck cannot be bought, Joe embraces Betty.

## Cast

* Onslow Stevens as Joe Baldwin
* Helen Mack as Betty McKay
* Vinton Hayworth as Paul Vinette
* Paul Guilfoyle as Frank Bent
* Frank M. Thomas as Police Lt. Bond
* Richard Lane as Detective Mac McGrath
* Murray Alper as Chauffeur Spike Connors
* Hedda Hopper as Mrs. Agnes White
* Willie Best as Baggage handler

## Reception

According to RKO records the film made a profit of $24,000.
# Spatial voting

In political science and social choice theory, the spatial (sometimes ideological or ideal-point) model of voting, also known as the Hotelling–Downs model, is a mathematical model of voting behavior. It describes voters and candidates as varying along one or more axes (or dimensions), where each axis represents an attribute of the candidate that voters care about.$^{:14}$ Voters are modeled as having an ideal point in this space and preferring candidates closer to this point over those who are further away; these kinds of preferences are called single-peaked.
The most common example of a spatial model is a political spectrum or compass, such as the traditional left-right axis, but issue spaces can be more complex. For example, a study of German voters found at least four dimensions were required to adequately represent all political parties.
Besides ideology, a dimension can represent any attribute of the candidates, such as their views on one particular issue. It can also represent non-ideological properties of the candidates, such as their age, experience, or health.

## Accuracy

A study of three-candidate elections analyzed 12 different models of voter behavior, including several variations of the impartial culture model, and found the spatial model to be the most accurate to real-world ranked-ballot election data.$^{:244}$ (Their real-world data was 883 three-candidate elections of 350 to 1,957 voters, extracted from 84 ranked-ballot elections of the Electoral Reform Society, and 913 elections derived from the 1970–2004 American National Election Studies thermometer scale surveys, with 759 to 2,521 "voters.") A previous study by the same authors had found similar results, comparing 6 different models to the ANES data.$^{:37}$
A study of evaluative voting methods developed several models for generating rated ballots and recommended the spatial model as the most realistic. (Their empirical evaluation was based on two elections, the 2009 European Election Survey of 8 candidates by 972 voters, and the Voter Autrement poll of the 2017 French presidential election, including 26,633 voters and 5 candidates.)

## History

The earliest roots of the model are the one-dimensional Hotelling's law of 1929 and Black's median voter theorem of 1948. Anthony Downs, in his 1957 book An Economic Theory of Democracy, further developed the model to explain the dynamics of party competition, which became the foundation for much follow-on research.
# André Michelin

André Jules Michelin (16 January 1853 – 4 April 1931) was a French industrialist who, with his brother Édouard (1859–1940), founded the Michelin Tyre Company (Compagnie Générale des Établissements Michelin) in 1888 in the French city of Clermont-Ferrand.
In 1900, André Michelin published the first Michelin Guide, the purpose of which was to promote tourism by car, thereby supporting his tyre manufacturing operation.
In 1886, 33-year-old André Michelin abandoned his career as a successful Parisian engineer to take over his grandfather's failing agricultural goods and farm equipment business. Established in 1832, "Michelin et Cie" suffered from neglect and was on the verge of insolvency following the founder's death. Michelin's grandfather had started the company that sold farm equipment and an odd assortment of vulcanized rubber products, such as belts, valves and pipes. As soon as André took the helm of the company, he recruited his younger brother Édouard to join him at the company. Édouard was named the company's managing director. While duly committed to the success of the business, neither brother had any prior experience selling goods or had the slightest idea where to even begin.
In 1889, a cyclist familiar with the Michelin Company approached Édouard with his flat tyre seeking assistance. Getting a flat tyre frequently meant cyclists were left stranded for hours. In the late 1880s, cycling was becoming a popular form of transportation and hobby due in large part to John Dunlop's 1888 patent for the inflatable bicycle tyre. Before Dunlop's invention, bicycle tyres were made out of solid rubber. The solid rubber tyres tended to provide little traction and made for a difficult and uncomfortable ride.
After the hapless cyclist approached the Michelin Company for assistance, Édouard took great interests in the new pneumatic tyres. The Michelins recognized that there would be a great demand for pneumatic tyres if only there was a way to more quickly make repairs. They reasoned that first the wheel must become detachable. Édouard conducted a series of experiments and developed a number of prototypes. In 1891, he was granted a patent for a detachable tire.
André and his brother Édouard were inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame in Dearborn, Michigan in 2002.
# Arrow diagramming method

Arrow diagramming method (ADM) is a network diagramming technique in which activities are represented by arrows. ADM is also known as the activity-on-arrow (AOA) method.

## Usage

ADM is used for scheduling activities in a project plan. Precedence relationships between activities are represented by circles connected by one or more arrows. The length of the arrow represents the duration of the relevant activity. ADM only shows finish-to-start relationships, meaning that each activity is completed before the successor activity starts.
Sometimes a "dummy task" is added, to represent a dependency between tasks, which does not represent any actual activity. The dummy task is added to indicate precedence that can't be expressed using only the actual activities. Such a dummy task often has a completion time of 0.
Use of ADM as a common project management practice has declined with the adoption of computer-based scheduling tools. In addition, the precedence diagram method (PDM), or activity-on-node (AON), is often favored over ADM.
ADM network drawing technique the start and end of each node or event is connected to an arrow.
The start of the arrow comes out of a node while the tip of the arrow goes into a node. Between the two nodes lies an arrow that represents the activity.
The event represented by the circular node consumes neither time nor resources.
* A node is a specific, definable achievement in the project.
* It has zero duration and consumes nil resources.
* All activities that lead into a node must be completed before the activity lines following this node can start.
# Roman Zarubin

Roman Zarubin (Russian: Роман Зарубин; born 4 December 1976 in Belaya Kalitva, Rostov) is a Russian sprint canoeist who has competed since the late 1990s. He won seven medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-4 500 m: 2001), three silvers (K-2 200 m: 1999, K-4 200 m: 2001, K-4 500 m: 2001), and three bronzes (K-4 200 m: 2009, K-4 500 m: 1998, K-4 1000 m: 2001).
Zarubin also competed in two events at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, finishing seventh in the K-4 1000 m event while being eliminated in the semifinals of the K-2 500 m event.
# Forest siege

The Forest Siege or J-4 Operation, also called Bayonetas Contra Estudiantes, was a Cuban Military Siege or Cuban Military Operation on three Pakistani medical schools in Cuba in early 2010. The purpose was to expel some of infamous (word used by Cuban official) students involved in protests against administration and school authorities. The siege was a type of raid during which a large number of Cuban special force armed men who surrounded the school of J-4. Two additional schools, namely AG-7 and T-9, were also surrounded by Cuban forces.
At least 15 students named by authorities were captured, arrested and immediately deported to their home country. The siege is called the Forest Siege because these schools were located in an area of a planted forest of oranges and a few other varieties of citrus fruit, far from the main city of Matanzas located on the northern shore of the island of Cuba.

## Schools Under Siege

Following were the school under operation by Tropas Antimotines Cubanas.
Máximo Santiago Haza -J4
Antonio Ramon Horta AG7
Jose Maria Agurrie T9

## Location of Schools

These three schools were located in a small municipality called Jagüey Grande in the city of Matanzas (Matanza, a Province of Cuba). The municipality is located east of the Zapata Peninsula, north of the Bahia de Cochinos, along the Carretera Central, in the middle of the province.
# Julie Deiters

Julie Bénédicte Deiters (born 4 September 1975 in Meudon) is a French-born former Dutch field hockey player. She played 166 international matches for the Netherlands, in which the defender scored fourteen goals.
Deiters was a member of the Netherlands squad that won the bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. A player from Amsterdam, Deiters made her debut on 4 February 1997 in a friendly against South Africa. Her last match for the Dutch Women's Team came on 26 August 2001, when she faced Argentina (2-3) during the Champions Trophy in Amstelveen.
# Markus Gasser

Markus Gasser (born 1967) is an Austrian literary scholar and author.

## Life

Markus Gasser was born in Bregenz in 1967. After the gymnasium, he went to the University of Innsbruck for German, English and American studies. He attained a habilitation in 2007 with the thesis "The collapse of the platonic cave" (German: Die Sprengung der platonischen Höhle).
Markus Gasser lives in Zürich.

## Works

* Die Sprengung der platonischen Höhle: Roman und Philosophie im Widerstreit (in German). Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag. 2007. ISBN 978-3-8353-0139-9.
* Das Königreich im Meer. Daniel Kehlmanns Geheimnis (in German). Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag. 2010. ISBN 978-3-8353-0617-2.
* Das Königreich im Meer. Daniel Kehlmanns Geheimnis (in German). Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag. 2013. ISBN 978-3-499-25852-7.
* Das Buch der Bücher für die Insel (in German). München: Hanser Verlag. 2014. ISBN 978-3-446-24495-5.
* Eine Weltgeschichte in 33 Romanen (in German). München: Hanser Verlag. 2015. ISBN 978-3-446-24919-6.
* Die Launen der Liebe. Hanser, München 2019, ISBN 978-3-446-25839-6.
* Die Verschwörung der Krähen. Novel. C.H.Beck, München 2022, ISBN 978-3-406-78150-6.
* Lil. Novel. C.H.Beck, München 2024, ISBN 978-3-406-81375-7.
# Ljubav (Ekatarina Velika album)

Ljubav (English: Love) is the fourth studio album by the Serbian rock band Ekatarina Velika, released in 1987. The new band member, replacing Ivan "Raka" Ranković on drums, was Srđan "Žika" Todorović (ex Radnička kontrola, Bezobrazno zeleno, Disciplina kičme). It was their first album released for the Serbian label PGP RTB, and also the first EKV album produced by the Australian musician Theodore Yanni. The album is considered to be one of the band's best and also one of the best records released in (ex)Yugoslavia.

## Track listing

All music is composed by Ekatarina Velika

## Personnel

* Milan Mladenović - vocals, guitar
* Margita Stefanović - piano, keyboards, backing vocals
* Bojan Pečar - bass
* Žika Todorović - drums

### Additional personnel

* Theodore Yanni - guitar

## Legacy

In 2015 Ljubav album cover was ranked the 9th on the list of 100 Greatest Album Covers of Yugoslav Rock published by web magazine Balkanrock.

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for Ljubav :
| Chart (2024) | Peak position |
| Croatian International Albums (HDU) | 3 |
# Bill Tymms

William Tymms (16 August 1903 – 9 June 1989) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda and Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Tymms started his career at St Kilda, where he spent two seasons. He played for Prahran in 1924, then made his way to Melbourne and was a half-back flanker in their 1926 premiership team. Best known as a full-back, Tymms represented the VFL five times during his career. He went into football administration after retiring, serving as secretary of the Richmond Football Club from 1955 to 1962.