# Hunger stone

A hunger stone (German: Hungerstein) is a type of hydrological landmark common in Central Europe. Hunger stones serve as famine memorials and warnings and were erected in Germany and in ethnic German settlements throughout Europe in the 15th through 19th centuries.
These stones were embedded into a river during droughts to mark the water level as a warning to future generations that they will have to endure famine-related hardships if the water sinks to this level again. One famous example in the Elbe river in Děčín, Czech Republic, has "Wenn du mich siehst, dann weine" ("If you see me, weep") carved into it as a warning.
Many of these stones, featuring carvings or other artwork, were erected following the hunger crisis of 1816–1817 caused by the eruptions of the Tambora volcano.
In 1918, a hunger stone on the bed of the Elbe River, near Děčín, became exposed during a period of low water coincident with the wartime famines of World War I. Similar hunger stones in the river were uncovered again during droughts in 2018 and in 2022.

## Known hunger stones

| River | Location | Notes |
| Danube | Budapest, right (Buda) riverside at the foot of the Gellért Hill, very close to Szabadság híd 47°29′07″N 19°03′11″E﻿ / ﻿47.485358°N 19.052978°E﻿ / 47.485358; 19.052978﻿ (Budapest) | A small stone, Ínség-szikla/kő (English: Famine/Hunger cliff/stone) in the Danube, which is visible at water levels below 95 cm. The stone is located 95.75 metres above sea level. This is the last such remaining stone in the vicinity, the other ones were demolished when the river bank path was built between 1898 and 1899 |
| Elbe | Děčín (Tetschen) left riverbank, near the Tyrs bridge 50°46′57″N 14°12′28″E﻿ / ﻿50.7825749°N 14.2078325°E﻿ / 50.7825749; 14.2078325﻿ (Hungerstein Decin) | The stone measures approximately 6 m³ and is carved with different years of drought. The oldest readable carving is from 1616, with older carvings (1417 and 1473) having been wiped out by anchoring ships during the years. The stone also features the Czech sentence „Neplač holka, nenaříkej, když je sucho, pole stříkej“ (lit. "Girl, don't weep and moan, if it's dry, water the field"), probably added in 1938. This hunger stone is one of the oldest hydrological landmarks in the Elbe river. |
| Elbe | Těchlovice nad Labem near Děčín | Stone with the number 1666 (Roman: MDCLXVI) |
| Elbe | Těchlovice near Děčín 50°42′20″N 14°11′50″E﻿ / ﻿50.705692°N 14.197161°E﻿ / 50.705692; 14.197161﻿ (Hungerstein Techlovice) | Stone with multiple years: 1892, 1903, 1904, 1911, 1928, 1963, 2015 etc. |
| Elbe | Dolní Žleb, part of Děčín 50°50′57″N 14°12′58″E﻿ / ﻿50.849096°N 14.216029°E﻿ / 50.849096; 14.216029﻿ (Hungerstein Dolni Zleb) | Approximately ten stones with the years 1842, 1868, 1892, 1904, 2015 |
| Elbe | Schmilka, near the border crossing | |
| Elbe | Prossen, beneath former train conductor's house | Five years between 1928 and 2015 are carved on a skewed stone plate |
| Elbe | Königstein, near the village | Year 1681 |
| Elbe | Königstein, left riverbank near the Biela river 50°55′12″N 14°04′20″E﻿ / ﻿50.919913°N 14.072226°E﻿ / 50.919913; 14.072226﻿ (Hungerstein Königstein) | Years 1952, 2003, 2015 |
| Elbe | Stadt Wehlen, district of Pötzscha 50°56′58″N 14°01′02″E﻿ / ﻿50.949355°N 14.017302°E﻿ / 50.949355; 14.017302﻿ (Hungerstein Wehlen) | Year 1868 |
| Elbe | Pirna, district Oberposta, right riverbank | According to the city archives, a stone with the year 1115 existed but its location is no longer known. Near Oberposta there is a stone with more than fifteen years between 1707 and 2015 carved into it |
| Elbe | Dresden-Pillnitz, near the stairs of Pillnitz Castle's western sphinx 51°00′30″N 13°52′09″E﻿ / ﻿51.008237°N 13.869039°E﻿ / 51.008237; 13.869039﻿ (Hungerstein Pillnitz) | Years: 1778, 1893, 1904, 2003, 2018. |
| Elbe | Dresden-Laubegast 51°01′24″N 13°50′29″E﻿ / ﻿51.023416°N 13.841373°E﻿ / 51.023416; 13.841373﻿ (Hungerstein Laubegast) | Years: 1893, 1899, 2003, 2015. |
| Elbe | Dresden-Tolkewitz, near Tolkewitzer Street 73 51°02′31″N 13°49′04″E﻿ / ﻿51.041975°N 13.817859°E﻿ / 51.041975; 13.817859﻿ (Hungerstein Tolkewitz) | Year: 2016. |
| Elbe | Dresden-Blasewitz | 2 by 2 meter stone near kilometer 48.7 with years: 1930, 1943, 1947, 1950, 1963 etc. |
| Elbe | Radebeul-Kötzschenbroda, near the steam ship port 51°06′12″N 13°37′22″E﻿ / ﻿51.103230°N 13.622900°E﻿ / 51.103230; 13.622900﻿ (Hungerstein Radebeul-Kötzschenbroda) | Year 1811 |
| Elbe | Meißen | Was recorded by Johann Friedrich Usinus to have been spotted in 1746 bearing the carving of the year 1654 |
| Elbe | Torgau, on the right side near the destroyed bridge | Can be seen at a water level of 50 cm or lower |
| Elbe | Schönebeck (Elbe), near kilometer 311 on the right riverbank | Measuring 1,5 by 1,5 by 2 meters and weighing 10 tons |
| Elbe | Schönebeck (Elbe), museum of the city (formerly in the port) | 47 cm in size, year: 1904 |
| Elbe | Westerhüsen, part of Magdeburg 52°03′25″N 11°41′10″E﻿ / ﻿52.056913°N 11.686170°E﻿ / 52.056913; 11.686170﻿ (Hungersteine bei Westerhüsen, Magdeburg) | see Hungerstones near Westerhülsen [de] |
| Elbe | Magdeburg, Domfelsen 52°07′22″N 11°38′12″E﻿ / ﻿52.12265°N 11.63668°E﻿ / 52.12265; 11.63668﻿ (Domfelsen, auch Hungerfelsen, Magdeburg) | Red sandstone formation near Domfelsen, also called Hungerfelsen (lit. "hunger rock"); carved 2018 in August |
| Elbe | Bleckede, near the ferry port | Kilometer 550. Carved with the sentence: Geht dieser Stein unter, wird das Leben wieder bunter (lit. When this stone goes under, life will become more colourful again) |
| Moselle | Traben-Trarbach-Litzig, left riverside | |
| Mündesee | Angermünde, north of the village | |
| Rhine | Worms-Rheindürkheim, near kilometer 449.4 on the left riverbank | Several stones, years ranging from 1857 to 2009 |
| Rhine | Wageningen, Lexkesveer | Hunger-climate stone, placed by Extinction Rebellion, text 'Climate justice, 2022' |
| Weser | Near Hajen, on the left riverbank | Red sandstone that was smoothed by the river |
| Weser | Würgassen | 3 m³ hunger stone with the years 1800, 1840, 1842, 1847, 1850, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1865, 1874, 1876, 1881, 1911, 1922, 1934 and 1959 |

## Common years

| Year | Number of hunger stones marked |
| 1115 | 1 |
| 1417 | 1 |
| 1461 | 1 |
| 1616 | 1 |
| 1654 | 1 |
| 1666 | 1 |
| 1681 | 1 |
| 1707 | 2 |
| 1746 | 1 |
| 1778 | 1 |
| 1790 | 1 |
| 1800 | 2 |
| 1811 | 2 |
| 1830 | 1 |
| 1840 | 1 |
| 1842 | 3 |
| 1847 | 1 |
| 1850 | 1 |
| 1857 | 2 |
| 1858 | 1 |
| 1859 | 1 |
| 1865 | 1 |
| 1868 | 2 |
| 1874 | 1 |
| 1876 | 1 |
| 1881 | 1 |
| 1892 | 3 |
| 1893 | 3 |
| 1899 | 1 |
| 1903 | 1 |
| 1904 | 5 |
| 1911 | 2 |
| 1921 | 2 |
| 1922 | 1 |
| 1928 | 2 |
| 1930 | 1 |
| 1934 | 1 |
| 1943 | 1 |
| 1947 | 2 |
| 1950 | 1 |
| 1952 | 1 |
| 1959 | 2 |
| 1963 | 3 |
| 1971 | 1 |
| 2003 | 3 |
| 2009 | 1 |
| 2015 | 7 |
| 2016 | 1 |
| 2018 | 6 |
| 2022 | ? |