# Ministry of Culture (Russia)

The Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation (Russian: Министерство культуры Российской Федерации; Минкультуры России) is a ministry of the Government of Russia responsible for state policy in cultural spheres such as art, cinematography, archives, copyright, cultural heritage, and censorship.

## Formation and jurisdiction
### Structure

The Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, was formally established in its current form on May 2, 2008, emerging from the former Ministry for Culture and Mass Media. With its headquarters located at 'Maly Gnezdnikovsky 6/7, Moscow', the ministry is responsible for developing and overseeing the cultural policies of the Russian government. Its jurisdiction extends across all cultural institutions and activities within Russia, focusing on areas such as arts, cinematography, archives, copyright, cultural heritage, and certain aspects of censorship.

### Leadership

The ministry is currently headed by Olga Lyubimova who has served as the Minister of Culture since January 21, 2020. Lyubimova’s leadership includes managing the ministry's policy directives, representing Russia's cultural interests on both a national and international level, and overseeing budgets and resource allocations for cultural projects and preservation efforts.

### Historical background

The Ministry of Culture has evolved over time, with its roots tracing back to 1953. Between 1953 and 2004, the ministry functioned in various capacities before undergoing several reconfigurations. In 1992, the agency briefly adopted the title Ministry for Culture and Tourism, highlighting its focus on tourism alongside cultural affairs. The Federal Service for Supervision over Cultural Heritage Protection (Rosohrankultura) was an important regulatory body within the ministry, supervising cultural heritage protection, although it was later dissolved in 2011.

## Authority

The Ministry of Culture exercises substantial regulatory power over Russia’s cultural landscape, shaping national policies that influence a wide array of artistic, historical, and cultural domains. With considerable autonomy, it not only drafts and enforces regulations but also sets the strategic direction for cultural development across the country. This authority extends to overseeing key sectors such as the preservation of cultural heritage, the regulation of the arts, and the management of media content, ensuring that these areas align with the state’s broader cultural objectives. Through its regulatory functions, the Ministry plays a pivotal role in defining Russia's cultural identity, both within the country and in its interactions on the global stage.
Historical and Cultural Heritage: As the guardian of Russia's rich cultural heritage, the ministry establishes legal frameworks for the protection and restoration of historic landmarks, monuments, and cultural artifacts. This includes enforcing laws related to heritage preservation, regulating archaeological sites, and preventing the illegal trade of cultural objects.
Culture and Art: The Ministry of Culture is responsible for promoting Russian cultural identity through a variety of artistic fields. It sets policies to support national museums, theaters, and artistic institutions, while also developing initiatives that blend Russia's traditional cultural values with modern artistic movements. This includes funding for domestic artists and filmmakers as well as supporting educational programs to promote arts and culture at all levels of society.
Cinematography: The Ministry plays a substantial role in the Russian film industry by overseeing film production, funding national cinema projects, and ensuring that films align with government-approved historical and cultural values. It also regulates media content, including the censorship of films and other forms of media, to maintain alignment with the state's cultural and ideological goals.

## History

The Ministry has seen several transformations since its initial establishment, with its roots going back to 1953. Over the years, ministers have navigated shifts in policy priorities—from promoting Soviet-era cultural achievements to preserving traditional Russian heritage and fostering global cultural exchange. For instance, during the post-Soviet era, ministers focused on opening Russian culture to the world while managing the legacy of Soviet cultural assets and ensuring the protection of Russia’s historical heritage.
Prominent figures in the ministry's history include:
* Mikhail Shvydkoy (2000–2004): A well-known theater critic and former head of the Russian Federal Agency for Culture and Cinematography, Shvydkoy emphasized the need for cultural diplomacy and strengthened ties with cultural organizations worldwide.
* Vladimir Medinsky (2012–2020): Medinsky’s tenure was marked by a strong emphasis on Russian historical memory and patriotic education through culture. His policies often focused on historical preservation, supporting films with nationalistic themes, and advancing Russia’s cultural sovereignty.