OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2023 in Papua New Guinea

Events in the year 2023 in Papua New Guinea.

## Incumbents

* Monarch - Charles III

### Federal government

* Governor-General - Bob Dadae
* Prime Minister - James Marape

### Provincial Governors

* Central: Rufina peter
* National Capital District: Powes Parkop
* Chimbu: Micheal Dua Bogai
* Eastern Highlands Province: Simon B Sia
* East New Britain: Michael Marum
* East Sepik: Allan Bird
* Enga: Peter Ipatas
* Gulf: Chris Haiveta
* Hela: Philip Undialu
* Jikawa: William Tongamp
* Madang: Peter Yama
* Manus: Charlie Benjamin
* Milne Bay: Sir John Luke Crittin, KBE
* Morobe: Ginson Saonu
* Autonomous Region of Bougainville: Peter Tsiamalili Jnr.
* New Ireland: Julius Chan
* Oro: Gary Juffa
* Sandaun: Tony Wouwou
* Southern Highlands: William Powl
* West New Britain: Sasindran Muthuvel
* Western: Taboi Awe Yoto
* Western Highlands: Wai Rapa

## Events

* 20 February – A Rescue mission begins after a number of foreign citizens and local guides are kidnapped in a remote region of the country.
* 22 February – Kidnappers release a woman, whilst negotiations involving an Australian professor, and two others are still underway.
* 3 April – 2023 Papua New Guinea earthquake: A 7.1 magnitude earthquake strikes East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea, killing eight people, injuring several others, and causing damage.
* 6 May – Coronation of Charles III as King of Papua New Guinea and the other Commonwealth realms. Governor-General Sir Bob Dadae attend the ceremony in London.
* 22 May – Papua New Guinea and the United States will sign a security pact today that will see U.S. troops stationed in the country in the largest American presence there since the Second World War.
* 29 August – The Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea James Marape announces that his country will open their Israel embassy in disputed Jerusalem.
# Clive Page

Clive Page (25 May 1894 – 1 July 1967) was an Australian cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Queensland in 1921/22.
# Harold Noyes

Harold Noyes (12 August 1892 – 14 July 1968) was an Australian cricketer. He played in six first-class matches for Queensland between 1924 and 1927.
# Kolonia Sulikowo

Kolonia Sulikowo is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Barwice, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Barwice, 25 km (16 mi) west of Szczecinek, and 123 km (76 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# John Fletcher (cricketer, born 1893)

John Fletcher (27 October 1893 – August 1968) was an Australian cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Queensland in 1919/20.
# Komorowo, Koszalin County

Komorowo (formerly German Kummerow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Polanów, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north of Polanów, 31 km (19 mi) east of Koszalin, and 162 km (101 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
The village has a population of 60.

## History

In the 10th century, the region became part of the emerging Polish state under its first historic ruler Mieszko I. Following Poland's fragmentation into smaller duchies, it formed part of the Duchy of Pomerania. From the 18th century it formed part of Prussia, and from 1871 to 1945 it was also part of Germany. During World War II, a forced labour subcamp of the Nazi prison in Koszalin was operated by the Germans in the village. After the war, the area became again part of Poland.
# Konarzewo, Gryfice County

Konarzewo (German: Kirchhagen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Karnice, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Karnice, 19 km (12 mi) north of Gryfice, and 82 km (51 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Kopaniny, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kopaniny (German: Krebskathen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Płoty, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Kopnica

Kopnica (German Köpnitz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Darłowo, within Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Darłowo, 17 km (11 mi) north-west of Sławno, and 171 km (106 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
The village has a population of 120.
# 2012 in Paraguay

Events from the year 2012 in Paraguay

## Incumbents

* President:
** Fernando Lugo (until 22 June)
** Federico Franco (took office 22 June)

## Events

* June 21 - President Fernando Lugo is impeached and removed from office

## Sport

* 27 July to 12 August - Paraguay at the 2012 Summer Olympics

### Unknown dates

* 2012 in Paraguayan football

## Deaths in 2012
### January

* 1 January - Hermann Guggiari, 87, engineer and sculptor. (born 1924) (Spanish)
# Koprzywienko

Koprzywienko is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Barwice, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) west of Barwice, 28 km (17 mi) west of Szczecinek, and 118 km (73 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Leonard Packham

Leonard Packham (15 September 1891 – 4 October 1958) was an Australian cricketer. He played one first-class match for Western Australia in 1921/22.
# Robert Blundell

Robert Blundell (19 April 1896 – 11 February 1940) was an Australian cricketer. He played five first-class matches for Western Australia between 1921/22 and 1924/25.
# Les Gwynne

Les Gwynne (26 January 1893 – 25 October 1962) was an Australian cricketer. He played five first-class matches for New South Wales between 1924/25 and 1926/27.
# Frank Farrar (cricketer)

Frank Farrar (29 March 1893 – 30 May 1973) was an Australian cricketer. He played two first-class matches for New South Wales in 1914/15. He was a right hand batter and his bowling was: Right-arm medium pace. His full name is Frank Martindale Farrar. He also played for the New South Wales Colt and Sydney University.
# Kosobądź

Kosobądź (German: Kotzbahn) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrowice, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# John Bettington

Brindley Cecil John Bettington (2 September 1898 – 26 August 1931) was an Australian cricketer. He played first-class cricket for New South Wales and Oxford University.
# Oswald Asher

Oswald Asher (21 May 1891 – 16 July 1970) was an Australian cricketer. He played fourteen first-class matches for New South Wales between 1919/20 and 1925/26.
# Mateo Tanaquin

Mateo Tanaquin (born 11 September 1927) was a Filipino wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle lightweight at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Setia fusca

Setia fusca is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.
# Rodrigue Kwizera

Rodrigue Kwizera (born 10 October 1999) is a Burundian long-distance runner.

## Career

In 2017, Rodrigue Kwizera competed in the senior men's race at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships in Kampala, Uganda. He placed 39th.
He competed in the senior men's race at the 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Aarhus, Denmark, and finished in 11th place. That year, he also represented Burundi at the 2019 African Games staged in Rabat, Morocco. He competed in the men's 5000 metres and placed 16th. Kwizera finished 16th in the men's 10,000 metres at the 2019 World Athletics Championships held in Doha.
He won the 2021–22 World Cross Country Tour. He placed 16th in the 10,000 m at the 2022 World Athletics Championships in Eugene, Oregon.

## Achievements
### Circuit wins and titles

* World Cross Country Tour: 2021–22
** 2021–22 (5): Cross Internacional de Soria, Cross de San Sebastián, Cross Internacional de Itálica, Cross Internacional de Venta de Baños, Almond Blossom Cross Country
** 2022–23 (4): Cross Internacional Zornotza, Cross Internacional de la Constitución, Cross Internacional de Venta de Baños, Campaccio

### Personal bests

* 5000 metres – 13:20.17 (Castellón 2022)
* 10,000 metres – 27:25.47 (Maia 2022)

#### Road

* 10 kilometres – 26:56 (Herzogenaurach 2022) NR
# Ben Jeffery

Ben Jeffery (born 1 March 1987) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer. He primarily played on the Wing. He previously played for the Wests Tigers and Gold Coast Titans in the NRL.

## Playing career

Jeffery made his first grade debut for reigning premiers the Wests Tigers against the Brisbane Broncos in round 21 of the 2006 NRL season at Suncorp Stadium scoring a try in a 20–6 victory. Jeffery made two further appearances for Wests as the club failed to qualify for the finals finishing 11th.
In the 2008 NRL season, he joined the Gold Coast. Jeffery made 19 appearances for the club as they finished 13th on the table. He then returned to his hometown Griffith and played for his junior club Waratah Tigers for two years in which he won the 2010 Group 20 Premiership with the club.
In 2012, he joined Group 9 club Albury Thunder where he won a premierships with the club that year, and in 2013 and 2014. In 2017, he moved to Wagga Wagga, and took up the role of Captain/Coach of the Group 9 club, the Wagga Wagga Kangaroos.
# Kupin, Iława County

Kupin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zalewo, within Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) east of Zalewo, 29 km (18 mi) north of Iława, and 58 km (36 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
# Global Recordings Network

Global Recordings Network (GRN) was founded by Joy Ridderhof in Los Angeles, California in 1939 as "Gospel Recordings, Inc." The mission of Global Recordings Network is "In partnership with the church, to effectively communicate the Good News of Jesus Christ by means of culturally appropriate audio and audiovisual materials in every language." This is accomplished by having native speakers of target languages record the stories of the Bible in their own native languages. These recordings are provided to the community by a mother-tongue speaker and providing them in an audio format to churches, mission organizations, and the community at large. Often the languages do not have a written form. Global Recordings Network has offices (centers) and bases in more than 50 countries. The motto of Global Recordings Network is "Telling the story of Jesus in EVERY language."
The language professor Alexander Arguelles notes that it is possible to use these recordings and the accompanying text in a language the learner knows, to start learning any of the languages. For many there is no other way to learn the language. 1,300 of the languages accompany the stories with standardized pictures, shown for 10–20 seconds, which allow learners to find short parallel sections in the language they know and the one they want to learn.
When Joy Ridderhof was a missionary to Honduras in Central America in 1930s, she remembered gramophones playing hymns in English repeatedly without change. This gave her the idea of having the same thing done in Spanish.
Global Recordings Network is an evangelical faith mission organization to reach out to every language spoken in the world no matter how small the language group is. About two-thirds of the world are basically oral communicators in contrast to the one-thirds who are written communicators. Audio recordings and visual materials are essential means of communication.
Global Recordings Network has produced the gospel recordings in over 6,500 languages and dialects (speech varieties) https://5fish.mobi of the estimated over 13,000 languages and dialects (speech varieties) spoken in the world. About 5.2 billion people are oral learners.
The recordings have been used for linguistic research on rhythm and phonological characteristics, vowels, consonants, for comparative research on phonemes from hundreds of languages, for developing and testing computer systems to recognize languages, and for documenting and reviving rare languages.

## Books

* 1978 - Capturing Voices by Phyllis Thompson, a biography of Joy Ridderhof and Gospel Recordings.
* 1987 - Catching Their Talk In A Box by Betty M. Hockett, a children's biography from the series "Life-Story from Missions"
* Allan Starling, Amazing Stories: From Global Recordings Network, June 9, 2014
# Marie Storms

Marie Storms (born 19 December 1885, date of death unknown) was a Belgian tennis player. She competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Jack Douglas (footballer, born 1872)

John William Douglas (6 November 1872 – 15 October 1905) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Literary redaction

In literature, redaction is a form of editing in which multiple sources of texts are combined and altered slightly to make a single document. Often this is a method of collecting a series of writings on a similar theme and creating a definitive and coherent work.

## Forms

On occasion, the persons performing the redaction (the redactors) add brief elements of their own. The reasons for doing so are varied and can include the addition of elements to adjust the underlying conclusions of the text to suit the redactor's opinion, adding bridging elements to integrate disparate stories, or the redactor may add a frame story, such as the tale of Scheherazade which frames the collection of folk tales in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights.
Sometimes the source texts are interlaced, particularly when discussing closely related details, things, or people. This is common when source texts contain alternative versions of the same story, and slight alterations are often made in this circumstance, simply to make the texts appear to agree, and thus the resulting redacted text appears to be coherent. Such a situation is proposed by the documentary hypothesis in the academic field of biblical scholarship, which affirms that multiple redactions occurred during the composition of the Torah, often combining source texts with different narratives, which have rival political attitudes and aims, together; another example is the Talmud.
Redactional processes are documented in numerous disciplines, including ancient literary works and biblical studies. Much has been written on the role of redaction in creating meaning for texts in various formats.
# Universal Great Brotherhood

The Universal Brotherhood is a cultural, non governmental, non religious, non profit, sectarian organization. This organization was founded in Caracas, Venezuela by Serge Raynaud de la Ferriere and registered with the United Nations DPI (Department of Public Informatiyon) in 1949 in Algiers, Africa. The Universal Brotherhood was given special accreditation for 2000 by the NGO branch of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. According to that department, special consultative status is granted to NGOs which have a special competence in, and are concerned specifically with, only a few of the fields of activity covered by the ECOSOC.
Among the many goals and aims of the Universal Brotherhood is the establishment of Tolerance, Truth, and Peace, while recognizing that the truth is not something exclusive but that every path, religion, philosophy, culture has a part of the truth. Its objective is to bring together pseudoscience, art and religion, for the purpose of intellectual indoctrination as well as spiritual education.
The Universal Brotherhood's goal is to unite people who wish to work towards the transcendence of the spirit, regardless of belief, nationality, gender and economic status. This organization is sectarian and gives classes, lectures, and workshops regarding all the different paths, religions, philosophies and cultures impartially with preference towards none The term 'Universal Brotherhood' also refers to the oneness of the whole world, and its aim is to reduce wars and discrimination against selective people such as labourers.

## Activities

The principal activities of Universal Brotherhood are community service such as workshops on good nutrition, yoga for good health, meditation for relaxation, activities for children and adolescents, and women's clubs.
# Charlie Baleña

Charlie Baleña (born 1 June 1972) is a Filipino boxer. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Career History
| Year | Tournament | Country | Achievement |
| 1990 | ASEAN Games | Beijing, China | Quarter Finalist |
| 1990 | President's Cup | Indonesia | Silver Medalist |
| 1992 | Olympics Qualifying | Philippines | Gold Medalist |
| 1992 | Summer Olympics | Barcelona | |
| 1992 | Acropolis Cup | Greece, Athens | Silver Medalist |
| 1993 | SEA Games | Singapore | Silver Medalist |
# Employer of last resort

Employers of last resort (ELR) are employers in an economy to whom workers go for jobs when no other jobs are available; the term is by analogy with "lender of last resort". The phrase is used in two senses:
* undesirable jobs, often private sector, which are only taken as a last resort;
* a formal government job guarantee program, where the government promises to act as employer of last resort, employing all comers.
The sense of a job guarantee program is used and advocated by some schools of Post-Keynesian economists, notably by authors of Modern Monetary Theory at the University of Missouri-Kansas City, the Levy Economics Institute (both United States) and in the Centre of Full Employment and Equity (Australia), who advocate it as a solution for unemployment.

## Use

Colloquially, this may refer to work which is undesirable to most people or pays poorly – for instance, in the United States economy, many fast-food and retail industry jobs represent last-resort employment for many workers.
In economics, the phrase often refers to employers which can hire workers when no other employers are hiring. Their presence may soften the negative impact on employment of downturns in the business cycle. One example of such a program would be the Civilian Conservation Corps, a government agency intended to provide work to young, unemployed men. Military Keynesianism argues that the military can act as an employer of last resort.

## Government as employer of last resort
### Proposals

A scheme was proposed by the Urban Coalition in the mid-1960s and received some support in the US Senate but was opposed by Lyndon B. Johnson.
More recently L. Randall Wray suggested a proposal for the US where workers would be subject to federal work rules, jobs would be tailored to individuals' existing skills, and the US Labor Department would assess proposals for employment and keep a central register; he estimated a total cost of 1–2% of the US's GDP. Marshall Auerback suggested the government hire all unemployed workers, paying close to the minimum wage.

### Criticisms

Marshall Auerback mentioned a number of flaws which his proposal attempted to get around. Such a scheme might have an effect on wages for existing jobs. It would also potentially require a large and expensive state bureaucracy to administer.

### Examples

On April 3, 2002 Argentina signed into law the social program Jefes y Jefas de Hogar Desempleados. It acts as an employer of last resort for heads of household who are unemployed and unable to find work.
# Teogenes Pelegrino

Teogenes Pelegrino (born 3 January 1949) is a Filipino boxer born in Bohol. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics where he was the only competitor who managed to win a match among five Filipino boxers competing that iteration of the games. At the 1968 Summer Olympics, he defeated Fantahun Seifu of Ethiopia, before losing to Al Robinson of the United States.
# Ernesto Porto

Ernesto Porto (16 August 1928 – 5 February 1973) was a Filipino boxer. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Summer Olympics. At the 1948 Summer Olympics, he lost in his first fight to Gerald Dreyer of South Africa, the eventual gold medalist. He also won the gold medal in the lightweight division of the 1954 Asian Games.
# John Baylon

John Baylon (born 6 November 1965) is a Filipino judoka who has competed in the Summer Olympics and a multi-medalist in the Southeast Asian Games.

## Career

He trained in Judo in Japan at the Kōdōkan where he obtained his Judo black belt.
He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics and the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Baylon has won a total of nine gold medals in the Southeast Asian Games, first competing in the regional tournament in the 1980s. His first gold medal in the games was in the 1991 edition which was hosted in Manila. He was the flagbearer of the Philippine Southeast Asian Games delegation in 2007. In 2002, Baylon decided to take up Brazilian jiu-jitsu and obtained his black belt in the discipline from Toshiyuki Wado in 2008. He also won medals in Judo at the World Masters, and Asian Games.
In the 2011 edition, he failed to win a gold after he was defeated by Vietnamese judoka, Hai Long To in the 81 kg category semifinal. This led to him announcing his retirement from competitive judo.

## Retirement

After his retirement, he went on to become a coach in Brazilian jiu-jitsu and Judo based in Metro Manila.
# Isaac Gómez (sprinter)

Isaac Gómez (born June 3, 1934 in Pampanga) is a Filipino sprinter. He competed in the men's 100 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
Gómez was inducted to the Philippine Sports Hall of Fame in 2016.
# Al Asuncion

Alfredo Gregorio "Al" Asuncion (October 2, 1929 – May 2, 2006) was a Filipino boxer. He represented his country during the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki. He participated in the Olympics as a flyweight. In the first round he won by knockout over Burmese boxer Basil Thompson, but lost in the second round to Willie Toweel of the South Africa.
He died in May 2, 2006 in his residence in Quezon City.

## 1952 Olympic results

Below is the record of Al Asuncion, a flyweight boxer from the Philippines who competed at the 1952 Helsinki Olympics:
* Round of 32: defeated Basil Thompson (Burma) by a second-round TKO
* Round of 16: lot to Willie Toweel (South Africa) by decision, 1–2

## Personal life

Asuncion was married to Evangeline Custodio with whom he had a son and three daughters.
# Pedro Cayco

Pedro S. Cayco (born 10 May 1932) is a retired swimmer who competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics at the Men's 100 metre backstroke event. His older brother Jacinto was also an Olympic swimmer.
# Oakridge High School (Oregon)

Oakridge High School is a public high school in Oakridge, Oregon, United States. It is the first and only high school in the Oakridge School District.

## Academics

In 2008, 78% of the school's seniors received their high school diploma. Of 60 students, 47 graduated, 8 dropped out, 1 received a modified diploma, and 4 were still in high school.