OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gemma Houghton

Gemma Houghton (born 31 December 1993) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the AFL Women's competition. Houghton was recruited by Fremantle as a free agent in October 2016. She had never played AFL before, having been found through a talent search open to all athletes. She previously played high level basketball.

## AFL Women's career

Houghton made her debut in the thirty-two point loss to the Western Bulldogs at VU Whitten Oval in the opening round of the 2017 season. She played every match in her debut season to finish with seven matches.
Playing for the Swan Districts Football Club in the 2018 WAFL Women's competition, Houghton won the Mandy McSherry Medal, the teams best and fairest award.
After only playing two games in 2018, Houghton played in all eight of Fremantle's games in 2019, kicking 9 goals to be the club's leading goalkicker. Her athleticism and strong marking was recognised with selection in the 2019 and 2020 AFL Women's All-Australian teams. The 2020 AFL Women's season saw Houghton obtain her second AFL Women's All-Australian team selection, named in the half forward position.
Her brother Joel Houghton was drafted by Fremantle in the 2009 AFL draft, but did not play an AFL game. He played for Perth, Swan Districts and East Perth in the West Australian Football League (WAFL).
On 10 May 2022, Houghton signed with expansion club Port Adelaide for 2022 AFL Women's season 7 and scored their inaugural goal in Round 1. She has been the leading goalkicker in each of Port's first two seasons.

## Statistics

Statistics are correct to the end of the 2021 season.
| Season | Team | No. | Games | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Votes |
| Season | Team | No. | Games | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | Votes |
| 2017 | Fremantle | 27 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 36 | 26 | 62 | 11 | 28 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 8.9 | 1.6 | 4.0 | 0 |
| 2018 | Fremantle | 27 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 0 |
| 2019 | Fremantle | 27 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 51 | 22 | 73 | 25 | 35 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 6.4 | 2.8 | 9.1 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 3 |
| 2020 | Fremantle | 27 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 54 | 24 | 78 | 26 | 20 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 7.7 | 3.4 | 11.1 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 2 |
| 2021 | Fremantle | 27 | 10 | 15 | 8 | 73 | 35 | 108 | 27 | 26 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 7.3 | 3.5 | 10.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 8 |
| Career | Career | Career | 34 | 31 | 31 | 218 | 107 | 325 | 92 | 113 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 6.4 | 3.1 | 9.6 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 13 |
# Courthouse News Service

Courthouse News Service is an American news service primarily focusing on civil litigation. It offers both free and paid services. Its core audience is lawyers and law firms, who subscribe to the service; other subscribers include nonprofits, government agencies, corporations, other media outlets, and academic institutions.
Courthouse News has reporters across the United States who cover proceedings in state and federal trial courts and appellate courts for its non-paywalled public website. Its reporters also cover federal and state legislation and congressional activity. It is a member of the Senate Press Gallery.
In addition to digital print journalism, Courthouse News produces a podcast called Sidebar. It launched in May 2021.

## Paid subscription service

Unlike CourtExpress and CourtLink, Courthouse News Service does not provide comprehensive docket information; rather, it alerts paid subscribers to new filings and rulings.
As of 2020, the service had more than 2,200 subscribers. It is a competitor to Thomson Reuters, LexisNexis, and Bloomberg.

## History and awards

Courthouse News Service was founded in 1990 by Bill Girdner, who remains the news agency's owner and editor. It is based in Pasadena, California.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the group received between $2 million and $5 million in federally backed small business loans from City National Bank as part of the Paycheck Protection Program. The organization stated that the money would help it retain 256 employees.
In 2023, Girdner received the James Madison Award for his First Amendment court victories.

## Press access litigation

Courthouse News Service has been the plaintiff in numerous First Amendment court cases seeking quicker access to new complaint filings.

### Idaho

In 2024, Courthouse News Service won a key victory in the Northwest where a federal judge handed down a broad ruling that enjoined Idaho’s top court official from withholding public documents.

### Ohio

In March of 2023, U.S. District Judge Sarah Morrison ordered the Franklin County court clerk Columbus, Ohio to stop withholding e-filed complaints from public view during a clerk review process, as a result of litigation filed by Courthouse News Service.

### Vermont

A federal judge in November 2021 enjoined Vermont court clerks from withholding access to e-filed complaints. She decided in favor of news outlets contesting an access blackout while clerks review and process new court filings.

### Other states

Courthouse News has also secured injunctions over press access battles in Virginia, Illinois, New York, Texas, and California.
# Machérie Ekwa Bahango

Machérie Ekwa Bahango (born 1993) is a filmmaker from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Her first feature film Maki’la premiered at the Berlinale 2018. Her movie Sema advocated for women's rights and thematised the issue of sexual violence. It won an award as "Best International Film" at the DC Independent Film Festival 2020 in Washington.

## Life

Machérie Ekwa Bahango was born in Kisangani. After school she went to university and received a degree in law at the Protestant University in the Congo. As a student she participated in workshops for screenplay and film production.

## Career

In 2014 Congolese film production company Labson Bizizi Ciné-Kongo hired Machérie Ekwa Bahango as a production manager and as an interviewer.
In 2016 she was a screenwriter for the French language TV series Ndakisa. Produced by the NGO Search for Common Ground, Ndakisa was aired on Congolese national television.
In 2017 she translated for Alain Gomis his script for his 2017 film Félicité into her native language Lingala .
Also in 2017 she was invited to the Cannes Film Festival for a round table under the helm of the OIF and the Institut Français. At the end of 2017 she received invitations from the Berlin International Film Festival for the Berlinale Talents.
Her first feature film Mak’ila as was about an orphan forced to fend for herself on the streets of Kinshasa. It was stalled in post-production for lack of funds until Alain Modot, of the International Distribution of Films and Fiction from Africa (DIFFA), gained backing from Orange Studio in Paris. Mak’ila won her the Golden Screen award at the 2018 Ecrans Noirs film festival.
Her second feature film told the story of a family during the Second Congo War. It was announced under the title Zaïria in 2019. Yet due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic all her projects came then to a halt and contacts to some production partners faded away.
In 2020 the 48-minute film Sema was released. It was based on an idea by Denis Mukwege, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 2018.
In 2022 she was among the 20 shortlisted candidates selected by Netflix and UNESCO to take part in the short film competition ‘African Folktales, Reimagined’.

## Filmography

| Title | Year | Film producer | Writer | Director | Notes |
| Maki'la | 2018 | No | Yes | Yes | Bahango met with street children of Kinshasa and based the script on what they told her about their lives |
| Zaïria | 2019 | No | Yes | Yes | Dedicated to the victims of wars in Africa. Unfinished. |
| Sema (Speak out) | 2020 | No | No | Yes | Bahango directed real survivors of sexual violence who re-enacted their fates as written down by themselves |
| Boyoma | 2022 | No | Yes | Yes | documentary film in development |
# Z Corporation

Z Corporation (commonly abbreviated Z Corp.) is a company that makes 3D printing and scanning technologies. It was founded in December 1994 by Marina Hatsopoulos, Walter Bornhorst, James Bredt and Tim Anderson, based on a technology developed at MIT under the direction of Professor Ely Sachs. The Company was sold to Contex Holding in August 2005, and was ultimately acquired by 3D Systems on January 3, 2012.

## History and background

In 1993, ZPrinting was developed in Building 20 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a new 3D printing technology. ZPrinting relates to the z axis, and adds depth to the other 2 axes x and y, as does 3D printing. In many other rapid prototyping processes, the part to be printed is built up from many thin cross sections of the 3D model. In ZPrinters, a printing head which is similar to inkjet moves across a bed of powder, selectively depositing a liquid binding material in the shape of the section. The operator is required to spread a fresh layer of powder across the top of the model, and repeat the process. When the model is complete, unbound powder is automatically removed. Parts can be built on a ZPrinter at a rate of approximately 1 vertical inch per hour.
In 1997 Z Corp released what at the time was the fastest available 3-D printer, becoming an early leader in the industry.
In January 2012 Z Corp was acquired by 3D Systems for $137 million USD.

## Color printing

Zprinters can print components in full color, using inkjet technology from the 2 dimensional printing industry. The color science has been adapted for use in 3 dimensions. The color spectrum of the most capable machines is full cmyk, or up to 6 million colors. Due to the wide range of color choices, the machines are capable of printing gradient color patterns, signifying how the machines differ from other "color" 3D printing systems. Color can be used to simulate the appearance of other materials (as in architectural models or product prototypes), to highlight surface structures or add annotations to models (as in models used to plan surgeries), or to display the results of structural analyses (such as finite element analysis) directly on the model surface.
Zprinters originally gained recognition through applications in the medical and architectural industry. Recently, they have gained popularity for creating 3D printed models of people from color 3D-scans, avatars from video games (Space Engineers, World of Warcraft, Assassin's Creed), and artistic and realistic sculptures.
As of 2016, 3D Systems rebranded the Z Corp's 3D printing technology as Color Jet. Quickparts.com, the service bureau owned by 3D Systems, offers service from this printing technology.

## Printer modifications

In 2018, Scott Ziv modified a Z Corp Z402 (the first commercially available machine to use binder jetting) to use selective laser sintering to create 3D objects by fusing glitter.
# Atla oulankaensis

Atla oulankaensis is a rare species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. It has been recorded in Finland and in the Canadian arctic, growing on calciferous rock and on high-pH soil.

## Taxonomy

The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Juha Pykälä and Leena Myllys. The type specimen was collected by the first author from the Jäkälävuoma gorge in Oulanka National Park (Juuma, Koillismaa) at an altitude of 208 m (682 ft); there it was found growing on a shady dolomitic rock outcrop on a northwest-facing wall. The species epithet oulankaensis refers to the type locality, which is, according to the authors, "one of the lichenologically most valuable areas in Finland". It has also been collected from Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, where it was growing on high-pH soil.
Molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer DNA regions suggests that Atla alaskana is the closest relative of A. oulankaensis, although they are readily distinguished by differences in morphology and ecology.

## Description

The lichen has a thin, grey to greyish-green thallus that is often covered with cyanobacteria from genus Nostoc. These cyanobacteria sometimes form structures called cephalodia. The perithecia are 0.30–0.38 mm in diameter with a pale to dark, depressed ostiole that is 30–100 μm wide. Ascospores number eight per ascus, and are dark brown, muriform (divided into chambers by 12–16 transverse septa and 4–6 longitudinal septa), and typically measure 51–69 by 23–28 μm.
# Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan

Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan may refer to:
* 2022 Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan
* 2024 Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan
# Iain Conn

Iain Cameron Conn (born 22 October 1962) is a British businessman. He was the chief executive (CEO) of Centrica from 2015 to 2019.

## Early life

Iain Cameron Conn was born in October 1962 in Edinburgh and grew up in Galashiels. The elder of two sons, his father died when Conn was 12. He graduated in 1985 from Imperial College London, where he studied chemical engineering and management.

## Career

Conn served as chief executive downstream, of BP from 2007 until 2014 and was a main board director from 2004 to 2014. BP's Downstream division comprised all of BP's customer facing, manufacturing and supply businesses in over 70 countries mainly under the BP, Castrol and Aral brands. In addition to leading Downstream, Conn also had group regional responsibility for Europe, Asia and Southern Africa. Previously he served as the group executive officer for strategic resources of BP from 2004 to 2007, responsible for most of BP's functions and regional co-ordination, and was chief executive of BP's petrochemical division from 2002 to 2004. Conn spent 29 years at BP, with leadership roles in oil trading, marketing, refining and petrochemicals, and E&P.
From 1 January 2015 until 2020, Conn served as the CEO of Centrica, replacing Sam Laidlaw. In this role Conn had responsibility for Centrica and had been leading the repositioning of the company for the next phase both strategically and in response to the low oil and gas price environment. However, as he stepped down, Centrica's share price had reached a historic low. The company is shifting its portfolio emphasis more towards the customer in the areas of energy supply, services, the connected home, distributed energy and power, and energy marketing and trading.,
Conn was a director of BP from 2004 to 2014, and Rolls-Royce Holdings from 2005 to 2014, latterly as senior independent director. He is a non-executive director of BT.
Conn is a member of the council of Imperial College, chairman of the advisory board of Imperial College Business School, and a member of the advisory board of the Centre for European Reform. He is a trustee of the Movement to Work. He is a member of the president's committee of the Confederation of British Industry. Previously he was a member of the advisory boards of the Centre for China in the World Economy at Tsinghua University, and of the Schwarzman School at Tsinghua.
Conn is a fellow of Royal Academy of Engineering, the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Institution of Chemical Engineers, and the City and Guilds of London Institute.
In 2018, Conn received a pay of £2.4 million which is a 44% increase from the income (£1.68 million) of 2017 despite Centrica losing 742,000 customers and terminating around 4000 employees.
In July 2019 Centrica announced Conn would be stepping down from his post and retire from the company's board in 2020. Conn told the Today programme it was "a natural time to hand over" as Centrica had reported a pre-tax loss of £446m in the six months to June.
# Harold Newhart

Harold Guthrie Newhart (July 19, 1903 – March 31, 1977) was an American gymnast. He was a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and competed in seven events at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# End of the Trail (1932 film)

End of the Trail is a 1932 American Pre-Code Western film directed by D. Ross Lederman.

## Cast

* Tim McCoy as Captain Tim Travers
* Luana Walters as Luana (as Luanna Walters)
* Wheeler Oakman as Major Jenkins
* Wade Boteler as Sergeant O'Brien
* Lafe McKee as Colonel John Burke
* Wally Albright as Jimmy 'Sonny' Travers
* Chief White Eagle as Chief Grey Bear
# Pelham, Georgia

Pelham is a city in Mitchell County, Georgia, United States. The population was 3,507 at the 2020 census, down from 3,898 in 2010. Pelham is well known for its agriculture, with vast farming of cotton and pecans in the area.

## History

Pelham was incorporated in 1881 and named in honor of Confederate officer John Pelham, who was born to a family of slave owners in northeastern Alabama in 1838.

## Geography

Pelham is in southeastern Mitchell County at 31°7′36″N 84°9′10″W﻿ / ﻿31.12667°N 84.15278°W﻿ / 31.12667; -84.15278 (31.126629, -84.152703), sitting at the crossroads of US 19 and State Route 93. U.S. 19 passes through the east side of the city and leads northwest 8 miles (13 km) to Camilla, the county seat, and southeast 25 miles (40 km) to Thomasville. State Route 93 passes through the center of town, leading northeast 14 miles (23 km) to Sale City and south 19 miles (31 km) to Cairo, while State Route 65 leads west from Pelham 14 miles (23 km) to Hopeful.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Pelham has a total area of 4.1 square miles (11 km$^2$), all of it recorded as land.
Pelham has a humid subtropical climate, characterized by humid summers and mild winters. It receives an average of 52 inches (1,300 mm) of rain per year. The average number of days with any measurable precipitation is 90. Pelham has on average 233 sunny days per year. The July high is around 93 °F (34 °C), while the January low is 39 °F (4 °C).

## Demographics

Pelham racial composition as of 2020 :
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 1,174 | 33.48% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 2,082 | 59.37% |
| Native American | 6 | 0.17% |
| Asian | 16 | 0.46% |
| Other/Mixed | 111 | 3.17% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 118 | 3.36% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 3,507 people, 1,325 households, and 857 families residing in the city.

## Education

The Pelham City School District, which conforms to the municipal boundaries, holds pre-school to grade 12, and consists of one elementary school, a middle school and a high school. The district has 101 full-time teachers and over 1,627 students.
* Pelham Elementary School
* Pelham City Middle School
* Pelham High School

## Notable people

* Donnie Cochran, former commander of the Blue Angels Precision Air team and first black member
* Don Griffin, two-time Super Bowl winner with San Francisco 49'ers
# Jorjadze

The House of Jorjadze (Georgian: ჯორჯაძე) is an old Georgian noble family, which, in the 19th century, also became part of the Russian nobility.

## History

It is considered by a genealogical tradition to have been of Caucasian Albanian origin, settled in the southern Georgian province of Meskheti in 980 and removed to Kakheti in eastern Georgia in 1466. The family was elevated to a princely dignity by the kings of Kakheti and granted the office of mouravi (palatine) of Gremi, and of Eniseli, the latter being hereditary in the line.
Under Russian rule, the Jorjadzes were recognized as princes of the Russian Empire according to the decrees of 1829 and 1850.
Presently, there are 154 Jorjadze family members in Georgia.
There is one street named after Jorjadze in the capital of Georgia, Tbilisi.

## Notable members

* Barbare Jorjadze, Georgian poet, playwright, cookbook writer, and essayist
* Dimitri Jorjadze, Georgian prince and race car driver
* Nana Jorjadze, Georgian film director, scriptwriter and actress
* Tea Jorjadze, Georgian contemporary artist
* Zachary of Georgia (born as Zakaria Jorjadze), Catholicos-Patriarch of Georgia
# Hish, Syria

Hish (Arabic: حِيش, romanized: Ḥīš, also spelled Heish or Heesh) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Ma'arrat al-Numan District of the Idlib Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Hish had a population of 8,817 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of the Hish Subdistrict, which contained 18 localities with a combined population of 41,231 in 2004. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
Nearby localities include Kafr Nabl, Hass, Kafr Ruma and Maarrat al-Numan to the north, Babulin and al-Tah to the east, Kafr Sajnah to the west and Khan Shaykhun to the south. Hish was a small hamlet in the 1960s.
# 1998 Sydney International

The 1998 Sydney International was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the White City Stadium in Sydney, Australia that was part of the International Series of the 1998 ATP Tour and of Tier II of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 11 through 17 January 1998.

## Finals
### Men's singles

Karol Kučera defeated Tim Henman, 7–5, 6–4.
* It was Kučera's 1st title of the year and the 3rd of his career.

### Women's singles

Arantxa Sánchez-Vicario defeated Venus Williams, 6–1, 6–3.
* It was Sánchez-Vicario's 1st title of the year and the 81st of her career.

### Men's doubles

Todd Woodbridge / Mark Woodforde defeated Jacco Eltingh / Daniel Nestor, 6–3, 7–5.
* It was Woodbridge's 1st title of the year and the 54th of his career. It was Woodforde's 1st title of the year and the 57th of his career.

### Women's doubles

Martina Hingis / Helena Suková defeated Katrina Adams / Meredith McGrath, 6–1, 6–2.
* It was Hingis' 1st title of the year and the 27th of her career. It was Suková's only title of the year and the 83rd of her career.
# Escuminac, Quebec

Escuminac (French pronunciation:) is a municipality in Quebec, Canada, on the north shore of the Restigouche River.
In addition to Escuminac itself, the municipality also includes the communities of Escuminac Flats, Fleurant, and Pointe-à-la-Garde.
According to missionary Joseph-Étienne Guinard, Escuminac is a Mi'kmaq word meaning "here are small fruits", originally identifying a point of land jutting into the Restigouche River. But this translation has been disputed as fanciful. It has been spelled in various ways over time, including Semenac, Scamanac, Scaumenac, Escouminac, Scoumenac, and Scouminac.

## History

The area was first colonized by American Loyalist farmers and loggers.
In 1845, the Municipality of Shoolbred, which included the area now known as Nouvelle, was first incorporated. It was named after John Shoolbred, who was the first owner of the seignory granted there. In 1847, the municipality was abolished but re-established in 1855. From 1861 on, it was known as the Township Municipality of Nouvelle-et-Shoolbred.
In 1907, the township municipality was split into the Municipalities of Nouvelle-et-Shoolbred-Partie-Nord-Est (that became Nouvelle in 1953) and Nouvelle-et-Shoolbred-Partie-Sud-Ouest. This latter one was renamed to Escuminac in 1912.

## Demographics
### Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1911 | 468 | — |
| 1921 | 528 | +12.8% |
| 1931 | 588 | +11.4% |
| 1941 | 642 | +9.2% |
| 1951 | 816 | +27.1% |
| 1956 | 847 | +3.8% |
| 1961 | 849 | +0.2% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1966 | 829 | −2.4% |
| 1971 | 727 | −12.3% |
| 1976 | 674 | −7.3% |
| 1981 | 652 | −3.3% |
| 1986 | 659 | +1.1% |
| 1991 | 632 | −4.1% |
| 1996 | 661 | +4.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2001 | 604 | −8.6% |
| 2006 | 645 | +6.8% |
| 2011 | 588 | −8.8% |
| 2016 | 544 | −7.5% |
| 2021 | 575 | +5.7% |
Source: Statistics Canada :

### Language

Mother tongue (2021):
* English as first language: 23.5%
* French as first language: 74.8%
* English and French as first language: 2.6%
* Other as first language: 0%
# Waz

Waz or WAZ may refer to:
* Waz (Bangladesh), a traditional Islamic preaching event in Bangladesh
* Waz, Iran (disambiguation), places in Iran
* WAZ-Mediengruppe, German newspaper and magazine publisher
* Wąż, a Polish coat of arms
* WΔZ, a 2007 crime/horror film starring Stellan Skarsgård, Melissa George, Ashley Walters, and Selma Blair
* Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, a German newspaper
* Worked All Zones, an amateur radio operating award
* Warwick Airport (Queensland), IATA airport code "WAZ"