OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abdallah Laroui

Abdallah Laroui (Arabic: عبدالله العروي, romanized: ʻAbd Allāh al-ʻArawī; born 7 November 1933) is a Moroccan philosopher, historian, and novelist. Besides some works in French, his philosophical project has been written mostly in Arabic. He is among the most read and discussed Arab and Moroccan philosophers.

## Biography

Laroui was born in 1933 in Azemmour. His mother died when he was two. He studied at the kuttab before entering the public primary school at seven, where he studied from 1941 to 1945. In 1945, he obtained a grant to study at the College Sidi Mohammed in Marrakesh, where he stayed five years. Afterwards he studied at Lycée Lyautey in Casablanca from 1949 to 1951 and at Lycée Gouraud in Rabat from 1951 to 1953. He obtained his baccalauréat in 1953, and then studied history and economics, at the Institut d'Études Politiques in Paris, where he studied under Charles Morazé [fr] and Raymond Aron. In 1958, he obtained a Diplôme d'études supérieures. After receiving his agrégation in Islamic studies in June 1963, he was appointed as an assistant professor of history at the Mohammed V University in Rabat. In 1976, he defended his Doctorat d'Etat with a thesis titled "Les Origines sociales et culturelles du nationalisme marocain, 1830–1912" (Social and Cultural Origins of Moroccan Nationalism, 1830–1912) and published it in 1977. Laroui taught at the University Mohammed V until 2000. He has written five novels (o.a. L'Exil (Sindbad-Actes Sud, 1998)).
Historian Albert Hourani describes him as a significant Arab thinker of the post-1967 era. Laroui's philosophy was guided by a Marxist reading of history and a commitment to radical critique of culture, language, and tradition.

## Awards and honors

* In 2000, he was awarded the Premi Internacional Catalunya (Catalonia International Prize).
* In 2017, he was awarded the Sheikh Zayed Book Award for "Cultural Personality of the Year", the premier category with a prize of 1 million dirhams.

## Partial bibliography

* L'Idéologie arabe contemporaine: essai critique [Contemporary Arab ideology: a critical essay]. Paris: Maspero. 1967.
* L'Algérie et le Sahara marocain [Algeria and the Moroccan Sahara]. Casablanca: Serar. 1976.
* Laroui, Abdallah (1974). La crise des intellectuels arabes: Traditionalisme ou historicisme?. Paris: Maspéro.
** The Crisis of the Arab Intellectual: Traditionalism Or Historicism?. Translated by Cammell, Diarmid. University of California Press. 1976. ISBN 978-0-520-02971-2.
* Les origines sociales et culturelles du nationalisme marocain: 1830-1912 [The social and cultural origins of Moroccan nationalism, 1830–1912]. Paris: Maspéro. 1977.
* L'Histoire du Maghreb: un essai de synthèse. Paris: Maspero. 1970.
** The History of the Maghrib: An Interpretive Essay. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 1977. ISBN 978-1-4008-6998-5.
* Islam et modernité [Islam and modernity]. Paris: La Découverte. 1987. ISBN 978-2-7071-1662-8.
* Islam et histoire. Paris: Albin Michel. 1999. ISBN 978-2-226-19903-4.
* Le Maroc et Hassan II: Un témoignage [Morocco and Hassan II: testimony]. Quebec: Les Presses Inter Universitaires. 2005. ISBN 978-2-89441-084-4.
# Brian Gurirab

Brian Gurirab (born 28 October 1984) is a Namibian former footballer who played as a midfielder.
# Ivan Kanev

Ivan Kanev (Bulgarian: Иван Канев; born 21 December 1984) is a Bulgarian footballer who currently plays as a midfielder for Botev Galabovo.
# Katie Puckrik

Katie Puckrik (born July 12, 1962) is an American broadcaster and newspaper columnist. Born in Virginia, Puckrik is best known for hosting British youth magazine shows The Word and The Sunday Show in the 1990s. She also created and hosted the British television talk show Pyjama Party and subsequently its American remake Pajama Party.
She runs a fragrance-themed YouTube series and blog called "Katie Puckrik Smells", writes a column for magazines and newspapers including The Guardian, and is a stand-in DJ on BBC Radio 6 Music, BBC Radio 2 and most recently Talkradio. She also co-hosts the history podcast We Didn't Start the Fire with Tom Fordyce.

## Biography

Born in Virginia, United States, Puckrik moved to London in 1984. She worked as a dancer, including on Michael Clark's I Am Curious, Orange in 1988 and the Pet Shop Boys' 1991 Performance tour. Following the end of this tour, she auditioned to become a presenter on Channel 4's late-night magazine show The Word, beating more than five thousand hopefuls for the job. She co-presented the show's second and third series from 1991 to 1993 alongside Dani Behr, Terry Christian and Mark Lamarr before moving on to present Channel 4's coverage of the Glastonbury Festival in 1994, 4 Goes to Glastonbury, alongside Mark Kermode.
In 1995 she moved to the BBC, contributing showbiz reports to Mark Radcliffe and Marc Riley's BBC Radio 1 show The Graveyard Shift, presenting the first two series of BBC Two's The Sunday Show with Donna McPhail, and fronting BBC Radio 5 Live's arts magazine Entertainment Superhighway, having previously presented Fashion Icons, a six-part series exploring fashion trends for BBC Radio 5 in February and March 1992. In 1996, Puckrik left the BBC to devise, produce and present Pyjama Party for ITV's post-primetime schedule. As part of a revamp of programming which saw the ITV Network form a uniform schedule through the night for the first time, Pyjama Party aired on Saturday evenings from January 1996. The Independent described the show as one in which "young women in frilly nightwear try to recreate their conspiratorial teenage years".
In 1999, at the age of 37, she published an autobiography, Shooting from the Lip, in which the chapters were named after songs with personal significance.
In 2017, she presented a two-part radio series on power pop. In 2019, she presented a two-part BBC TV series on yacht rock, titled I Can Go For That: The Smooth World of Yacht Rock. It was accompanied by a three-part BBC radio series. Since January 2021, Puckrik has hosted the We Didn't Start the Fire podcast with Tom Fordyce explaining the subjects referenced in lyrics of the song "We Didn't Start the Fire" by Billy Joel. Another podcast series presented by Puckrik started in October 2021, dot com, exploring the people behind the internet.
# Lory State Park

Lory State Park, is a state park located west of the city of Fort Collins, Colorado and is west of Horsetooth Reservoir and north of Horsetooth Mountain Park. Some of the park's more popular attractions include mountain biking, hiking, horseback riding and rock climbing. The park also contains its own bike park, which features dirt jumping, a pump track, and a skills area.
# Harry Burton (Australian footballer)

Harry William Burton (18 March 1887 – 31 August 1972) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Dark Manhattan

Dark Manhattan is a black and white American film produced in 1937 by a partnership of African Americans Ralph Cooper and George Randol. Harry Fraser directed the film, which was written by Randol who was also the executive producer. The film was the only one made by Randol-Cooper Productions.
The film opens with a dedication to R. B. Harrison, Bert Williams, and Florence Mills "and all the pioneer Negro actors who by their many sacrifices paved the way for this presentation."
Music was by Ellison & Brooks (Ben Ellison and Harvey O. Brooks). Ben Rinaldo was associate producer.
The film had its world premiere on January 19, 1937, at the Lincoln Theater, in the heart of L.A.'s Central Avenue Corridor.
The film is discussed in the book Making a Promised Land.

## Plot

An up-and-coming youngster ruthlessly takes control of the numbers racket from the ailing former boss.

## Cast

* Ralph Cooper as Curly Thorpe
* Cleo Herndon as Flo Gray
* Clarence Brooks as Larry Lee
* Jess Lee Brooks as Lieut. Ballot
* Sam McDaniel as Jack Johnson
* Corny Anderson as Atty. Brown
* Rubeline Glover as Miss Hall
* James Adamson as Lem
# Ana Subotić

Ana Subotić (Serbian Cyrillic: Ана Суботић, born 18 November 1983) is a Serbian long-distance runner.

## Career

Competing throughout most of her professional career under club AK Javor Ivanjica, Subotić is the 2010 and 2011 winner of the Podgorica Marathon, 2011 national champion in 5000 m, 10,000 m and 3000 m Steeplechase. Ana won 7 medals at the Balkan Athletics Championships.
At the 2012 Rotterdam Marathon, she ran her personal best, 2:36:14, qualifying for the 2012 Summer Olympics.

## Personal bests

| Event | Performance | Date | Location |
| 3000 Metres Steeplechase | 10:11.29 | 19 June 2010 | Belgrade, Serbia |
| 10000 m | 35:47.30 | 6 August 2011 | Kragujevac, Serbia |
| Marathon | 2:36:14 | 15 April 2012 | Rotterdam, Netherlands |

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| 2012 | Olympic Games | London, United Kingdom | 71 | 2:38:22 |
# Heinrich Isaacks

Heinrich "Heini" Isaacks (born 5 March 1985) is a Namibian footballer who plays for Maritzburg United in the South African Premier Soccer League as a midfielder and striker. He played for Namibia internationals at the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers.
He previously played for Civics FC and SønderjyskE.

## International career
### International goals

    Scores and results list Namibia's goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 23 July 2006 | Independence Stadium, Windhoek, Namibia | Malawi | 1–1 | 3–2 | 2006 COSAFA Cup |
| 2. | 6 June 2009 | Sam Nujoma Stadium, Windhoek, Namibia | DR Congo | 3–0 | 4–0 | Friendly |
| 3. | 6 June 2009 | Sam Nujoma Stadium, Windhoek, Namibia | DR Congo | 4–0 | 4–0 | Friendly |
| 4. | 15 November 2011 | Sam Nujoma Stadium, Windhoek, Namibia | Djibouti | 1–0 | 4–0 | 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification |
# Ivan Chergev

Ivan Chergev (Bulgarian: Иван Чергев) (born 21 March 1987) is a Bulgarian football forward.
# Davis Spruds

Davis Davids Spruds (Latvian: Dāvis Dāvids Sprūds; born 28 December 1998) is a footballer who plays as a centre-back for Rosport. Born in Germany he has been called up to represent Latvia internationally.

## Early life

Spruds was born in 1998 in Latvia. He started playing football at the age of four.

## Club career

In 2023, Spruds signed for Luxembourgish side Swift. He played in the UEFA Conference League while playing for the club. In 2024, he returned to Luxembourgish side Rosport.

## International career

Born in Germany, Spruds is of Latvian descent. He has been called up to represent Latvia internationally. He was first called up to the Latvia national football team in 2023.

## Style of play

Spruds mainly operates as a defender. He is known for his goalscoring ability.

## Personal life

Spruds is the son of an engineer father. He has two younger brothers.
# Meaño

Meaño is a municipality in the province of Pontevedra, in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It belongs to the comarca of O Salnés. Situated in the Rías Baixas, a local specialty of the region is its Albariño wine.

## Landmarks

The Pazo de los Zárate and the baroque Pazo de Lis, alongside churches like San Miguel de Lores and Santa María de Simes, are civil and religious architecture present in the region

## Local Festivities

San Amaro in January and Santa Eulalia in December and, hosting the Encontro Albariño de Autor festival in July.
# Chima Okoroji

Chima Sean Okoroji (born 19 April 1997) is a German professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Swiss club St. Gallen.

## Club career

Okoroji made his professional debut for SC Freiburg in the Bundesliga on 21 October 2018, coming on as a substitute in the 73rd minute for Roland Sallai in the 1–1 away draw against Hertha BSC.
On 22 July 2023, Okoroji signed a two-year contract with St. Gallen in Switzerland.

## Personal life

Okoroji was born in Germany, to a Nigerian father and an English mother from Liverpool.
# Joe McKenzie

Joseph Butler McKenzie (23 April 1889 – 15 August 1968) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Chandragiri hill

Chandragiri is one of the two hills in Shravanabelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka, the other one being Vindhyagiri. It is also designated as Indragiri.

## History

The recorded history surrounding the hill started in 300 BC when last Shruthakevali Bhadrabahu and Chandragupta Maurya visited the place in order to attain kaivalya (beatitude). The small hill derives its name of Chandra because Chandragupta was the first of the rishis who lived and performed penance there.
Kalbappu was the early name of the hill and it dominates the history of the town of Shravanabelagola between 3rd century BC and 12th century AD. The Jain traditions link the Mauryan Emperor Chandragupta and his teacher Bhadrabahu with this place. Of the total number of 106 memorials found at Shravanabelagola, 92 are located on the small hill. Of these, about 47 memorials of monks, 9 of nuns, and 5 of householders belong to the 7th and 8th century. This points out at the popularity of the custom, and of its extensive prevalence on the small hill.

## Geography

The hill is situated about 3049 feet from mean sea level and 200 feet from the above the ground level and is situated in the northwest entrance of the town. A vast expanse of granite rock, scattered large and small boulders can be found en route to the peak.

## Monuments

A number of Jain basadis are found on the Hill. Some of the prominent ones are:
* Chavundaraya Basadi
* Chandragupta Basadi
* Shantinatha Basadi
* Parshvanatha Basadi
* Kattale Basadi
* Majjigana Basadi
* Shasana Basadi
* Chandraprabha Basadi
* Parshwanatha Basadi II
* Eradukatte Basadi
* Savatigandhavarana Basadi
* Terina Basadi
* Shantishwara Basadi
* Iruve-Brahmadeva Basadi
Apart from these a number of other monuments such as Bhadrabahu Cave, Marasimha's Manastambha, Mahanavami Mantapa, Bhadrabahu Inscriptions, Gangaraja Mantap and Nishidhi Mantaps can be found on Chandragiri.
An idol of Bharata, Bahubali's older brother, carved from soapstone can be found here. The statue is damaged below the thighs. It bears a striking resemblance to that of the Bahubali statue on the Vindhyagiri Hills.

## Gallery

* Bharatha Statue on Chandragiri hill
* Chandragiri hill temple complex
* Image from one of the Basadis at Chandragiri
* Idol of Parshvanatha on Chandragiri
* Chandragupta Basadi
* Chavundaraya Basadi
* Majjigana basti
* Parsvanatha Basadi
* Suparshvanatha Basadi
* Jain Inscription
* The Footprints of Chandragupta Maurya on Chandragiri hill Hill, where Chandragupta (the unifier of India and founder of the Maurya Dynasty) performed Sallekhana.
# Kara-Lee Botes

Kara-Lee Botes (née Stella, born 7 March 1990) is a South African field hockey player for the South African national team.
She participated at the 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup.
# Phil Singleton

Phil Singleton is an American author, web designer and Internet marketing consultant who assists small businesses. He is the co-author of SEO for Growth and The Small Business Owner’s Guide To Local Lead Generation.

## Education

Singleton graduated with a B.S. in Finance from Fairfield University Dolan School of Business in 1993 and an MBA from Thunderbird School of Global Management in 1999.

## Career

Singleton is the founder and CEO of Kansas City Web Design; a web design and development agency, and Kansas City SEO; an Internet marketing agency.

### As an author

In 2015, Singleton co-wrote and co-published The Small Business Owner’s Guide To Local Lead Generation: Proven Strategies & Tips To Grow Your Business! with Ray L. Perry, Justin Sturges, Kevin Jordan and Mark Z. Fortune. The book covers the basics of marketing strategy, and marketing tactics such as referral marketing, direct mail and email marketing, and Internet marketing. The book was reviewed positively by Small Business Trends and won the organization’s “2016 Small Business Book Award”.
In 2016, Singleton co-wrote and co-published SEO for Growth: The Ultimate Guide for Marketers, Web Designers & Entrepreneurs with John Jantsch. Brian Clark of Copyblogger wrote the book’s foreword. The book covers the evolution of search engine optimization, and outlines a holistic approach to SEO and inbound marketing that includes web design, content marketing, social media marketing and reputation management.
In 2017, Mashable placed SEO for Growth #3 on its list of “10 marketing books to read in 2017”. Oracle placed the book #9 on its list of “Top 15 Marketing Books of 2016” and The Huffington Post placed the book #6 on its list of the “10 Best Marketing Books for Small Business Owners”. Inc. included SEO for Growth on its list of “41 Must-Read Books to Boost Your Social Media Skills”. The book was named the top search engine optimization book of 2017 by BrightEdge and BloggerLocal. Excerpts of the book have appeared on MSNBC, and notably received positive comments from Brian Halligan.
# Tsvetelin Radev

Tsvetelin Radev (Bulgarian: Цветелин Радев; born 21 December 1988) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a defender for Yantra Gabrovo.
# Customer value maximization

Customer value maximization (CVM) is a real-time service model that, proponents say, goes beyond basic customer relationship management (CRM) capabilities, identifying and capturing maximum potential from prospective and existing customers.

## Customer-centricity

The CVM framework evaluates current methods and effectiveness, makes changes where required, and sets up a measurement system that helps in evaluating effectiveness. The CVM framework operates as a continuous process in a closed loop.
The CVM framework is closely related to the idea of customer-lifetime-value.
One of the strategies to maximize the value that each customer generates is to split customers into defined segments, a process called client segmentation.

## Marketing challenges

Marketing challenges can be predominantly dissected into four categories:
* Lifecycle challenges include driving usage of a product/service, new client acquisition, enabling cross-sell, up-sell, client retention, activation, usage, churn prevention, etc.
* Segment-based challenges Companies will reach out to each customer in a different way to suit their needs, especially when the company has multiple products/product variants. They need to reach out in a focused manner to independent segments that require varying strategies.
* Channel-based challenges Most companies adopt a multi-channel strategy in order to take their products or services to their customers. Each channel (store, online, mobile, etc.) needs to be tackled differently to ensure maximization of results. The increasing number of touch-points that each customer faces, has led marketers to grow increasingly reliant on machine-learning and AI models when calculating CVM models.
* Function-based challenges When companies invest in marketing programs, they look for methods that help them evaluate and track how they work and measure ROI. Systems to manage their programs, maximize results and optimize spends are all that companies keep looking for.

## Features

* Growth in value
# Tall, dark and handsome

"Tall, dark, and handsome" is a phrase that refers to an appealing man. It originates from cheap romantic fiction produced in the early 1900s.

## History and interpretation

According to British lexicographer Eric Partridge, the phrase "tall, dark and handsome" originates from cheap fiction novels produced in the early 20th century. The term was commonly used in Hollywood during the 1920s to describe Rudolph Valentino. As an idiom it is both lexically and sequentially fixed. Alan Axelrod writes that "tall, dark and handsome" is often assumed as a compliment, but notes that Eric Partridge wrote that it is actually a mild insult, given the term originates from cheap and cheesy novels from the 1910s; making it an ironic phrase.

## Studies

David Puts is an associate professor of anthropology at Pennsylvania State University who has studied the evolutionary bases of human sexuality. In 2017 he was asked if "tall, dark and handsome" is universally attractive in the human experience and he stated that not enough cross-cultural work had been conducted to be very confident in the concept's scientific validity.
In 2023, Doxsie wrote that "tall dark and handsome" is essentially a myth, and that the only attribute that is consistently desired is handsomeness. In India, 'darkness' is essentially erased from the phase, as only tall, light and handsome men are considered attractive. According to Fluehr-Lobban, the phrase really emphasizes height, because a "short, dark and handsome" man would not be considered appealing.

## Examples

In the 2010s, Bollywood actors Ranveer Singh, Randeep Hooda, and Arjun Kapoor were described by the phrase in the Indian media.
Model David Gandy has often been called tall, dark and handsome in the media. The New Zealand Herald described further that "At 191cm, he's taller than most models and up close - with his dark, almost black hair and bronzed olive complexion - he's like a live version of Michelangelo's Statue of David."
# Stoyan Georgiev

Stoyan Georgiev (Bulgarian: Стоян Георгиев; born 18 September 1986, in Sofia) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a defender for Balkan Botevgrad.

## Career

Georgiev was born in Sofia and started to play football in the local team Slavia. In 2005, he signed his first professional contract with the club, but over the course of two years played in only 7 matches. In January 2008 he was loaned to Spartak Varna for six months. In June of the same year Georgiev was loaned in Varna again for one season.
In February 2017, Georgiev joined Balkan Botevgrad.
# Kathleen Taylor (field hockey)

Kathleen Taylor (born 9 November 1984) is a South African field hockey player who competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics.
# Kathleen Russell (athlete)

Kathleen Russell (31 August 1927 – 27 August 1969) was a Jamaican sprinter. She competed in the women's 100 metres at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Willem Mwedihanga

Willem Mwedihanga (born 1986) is a Namibian footballer who plays for the Namibia national football team.

## Career

Mwedihanga began his soccer career playing for Teenagers Football club in Ongwediva. He then moved to United Africa Tigers, where he made a name for himself as a no nonsense centre back. In 2012, he joined Amazulu FC but only started playing for the club in January of 2013. He later left Amazulu FC at the end of 2014/2015 season after they got relegated and joined University of Pretoria. In 2015, he led Namibia to their 1st international Cup COSAFA Cup conceding only one goal in over 3 matches.
# Miroslav Budinov

Miroslav Budinov (Bulgarian: Мирослав Будинов; born 23 January 1986) is a Bulgarian former professional footballer who played as a forward.
# Trish Flavel

Patricia "Trish" Flavel (née Whittaker) (born 15 January 1976) is an Australian Paralympic athlete with an intellectual disability.
She was born in the Melbourne suburb of Box Hill. She won the Women's U19 1500 m at the 1994 Australian All Schools Championships. At the 2000 Sydney Games, she won a bronze medal in the Women's 800 m T20 athletics event. She was an Australian Institute of Sport Athlete with a Disability scholarship holder from 1999 to 2000.
She is married to Australian Paralympic athlete Anton Flavel.
# Hibbertia acerosa

Hibbertia acerosa, commonly known as needle leaved guinea flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, spreading or ascending shrub typically growing to a height of 10–60 cm (3.9–23.6 in) and has yellow flowers from July to December or from January to February.
Needle leaved guinea flower was first formally described in 1817 by de Candolle in Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale from an unpublished description by Robert Brown, and was given the name Pleurandra acerosa. Brown collected the type specimens near Lucky Bay. In 1863, George Bentham changed the name to Hibbertia acerosa in Flora Australiensis.
The species is endemic to the Wheatbelt, Peel, South West, Great Southern and coastal parts of the Mid West and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia where it grows in sandy or gravelly soils over or around granite or laterite.