OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Karl Smith (athlete)

Karl Smith (born 15 September 1959) is a Jamaican track and field athlete specializing in the hurdles. He ran for his native country in the 1984 Olympics in the 400 metres hurdles and on their 4 × 400 metres relay team. In the hurdles, he finished behind medalists Danny Harris and Harald Schmid in the semi-final round, not qualifying for the final.
The top Jamaican hurdler in his day, Smith is still ranked #19 all time.
Smith has continued to run hurdles in Masters athletics, holding the world record in the 110 metres hurdles.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Jamaica ||||||
| 1975 | CARIFTA Games (U20) | Hamilton, Bermuda | 3rd | 110 m hurdles | 15.4 |
| 1977 | CARIFTA Games (U20) | Bridgetown, Barbados | 1st | 110 m hurdles | 14.45 |
| 1977 | CARIFTA Games (U20) | Bridgetown, Barbados | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 41.40 |
| 1978 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Medellín, Colombia | 3rd | 110 m hurdles | 14.71 |
| 1981 | Central American and Caribbean Championships | Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | 2nd | 110 m hurdles | 13.94 |
| 1982 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Havana, Cuba | 4th | 110 m hurdles | 14.13 |
| 1982 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Havana, Cuba | 4th | 400 m hurdles | 51.25 |
| 1982 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Havana, Cuba | 2nd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:04.78 |
| 1982 | Commonwealth Games | Brisbane, Australia | 8th | 110 m hurdles | 14.11 |
| 1982 | Commonwealth Games | Brisbane, Australia | 9th | 400 m hurdles | 53.52 |
| 1983 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 11th (sf) | 400 m hurdles | 49.99 |
| 1983 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 13th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:09.06 |
| 1984 | Olympic Games | Los Angeles, United States | 8th (sf) | 400 m hurdles | 49.58 |
| 1984 | Olympic Games | Los Angeles, United States | 10th (sf) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:04.24 |
| 1985 | World Indoor Games | Paris, France | 17th (h) | 60 m hurdles | 8.19 |
# List of governorates of Egypt by Human Development Index

This is a list of the governorates of Egypt by Human Development Index as of 2024 with data for the year 2022.
| Rank | Governorate | HDI (2022) |
| High human development |||
| 1 | Port Said | 0.796 |
| 2 | Suez | 0.780 |
| 3 | Alexandria | 0.777 |
| 4 | Cairo | 0.776 |
| 5 | Damietta | 0.754 |
| 6 | Monufia | 0.749 |
| 7 | Dakahlia | 0.745 |
| 8 | Ismailia | 0.742 |
| 9 | Gharbia | 0.740 |
| 10 | Frontier governorates ( Red Sea, New Valley, Matruh, North Sinai, South Sinai) | 0.735 |
| 11 | Kafr El Sheikh | 0.732 |
| 11 | Qalyubia | 0.732 |
| 13 | Giza | 0.729 |
| – | Egypt(average) | 0.728 |
| 14 | Sharqia | 0.727 |
| 15 | Aswan | 0.721 |
| 16 | Beheira | 0.715 |
| 17 | Qena (with Luxor) | 0.705 |
| Medium human development |||
| 18 | Faiyum | 0.699 |
| 19 | Beni Suef | 0.694 |
| 20 | Minya | 0.687 |
| 21 | Sohag | 0.682 |
| 22 | Asyut | 0.673 |
# Errol Stewart (athlete)

Errol Stewart (born 2 March 1950) is a Jamaican former sprinter who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was born in Kingston, Jamaica. He was also a gold medallist at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games with the Jamaican 4×100 metres relay team.
# Earl Taylor

Earl Gladston Taylor (22 July 1932 – 9 June 2024) was a Jamaican sailor. He competed in the Dragon event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. Taylor died in Florida on 9 June 2024, at the age of 91.
# Ian Weakley

Ian Weakly AKA Ian Weakley (born 24 February 1974 in Montego Bay, Saint James Parish) is a retired male hurdler from Jamaica. Weakly's best performance came in 2003 with a time of 48.55 in the 400 meter hurdles, ran in Trikala, Greece.

## Pre-Professional

Weakly began competing in athletics (Track and field) at St. Elizabeth Technical High School. Originally an 800m runner, Weakly transitioned to the 400 meter hurdles and began to succeed. Weakly won both the 1992 CARIFTA Games and 1993 CARIFTA Games in the 400 meter hurdles. After graduation Weakly attended Southwestern Christian College where he won both silver and bronze at the 1994 & 1995 NJCAA National Championships. Also during his time at Southwestern Christian College Weakly qualified for the 1994 Commonwealth Games final where he finished eighth. Weakly then transferred to George Mason University being a part of the 1995 Indoor National Championship winning team. During the following 1996 outdoor season Weakly would win silver and bronze in the 400 metres hurdles and the 4 × 400 metres relay at the NCAA Track and Field Championships as well as place fourth at the Jamaican Athletics Championships just missing out on the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games. Weakly would then run his fastest 1000 metres and 800 metres within a week of each other in February 1997 clocking in at 2:25.78 and 1:48.42 respectively. Weakly would Graduate from George Mason in 1998 with a Bachelors in International Relations and Government & Politics. Later that year he would sign a professional contract with Nike.

## Professional Athletics career

Weakly is best known for winning the gold medal in the 400m hurdles at the 2001 Jamaican Athletics Championships. After placing fourth in 1996, Weakly made it to the 2000 Summer Olympics where he reached the semi-finals. In 2002 Weakly would place third at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. Later that year he would place 5th at the IAAF World Cup. In 2003 he would run his lifetime best of 48.55 seconds, in Trikala. This time put Weakly as one of the fastest 150 runners all-time in his event. However, after an impressive 2003 season Weakly was unable to replicate this performance in 2004, where he fell in qualifying for the Olympics. The next year, Weakly recaptured his 2003 form by winning gold in the 2005 IAAF Super Grand Prix in Doha and placing second in the Golden Grand Prix in Osaka, Japan. He would make the 2005 World Athletics Final finishing eighth. Weakly would next win silver at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games. After placing 5th at the National Championships and not qualifying for the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Weakly would retire from professional running.
# Lee Chae-yoon

Lee Chae-yoon (Korean: 이채윤; born August 6, 1950) is a South Korean businessman. The founder and chairman of semiconductor testing equipment company Leeno Industrial [ko], he is among the richest people in South Korea. In April 2024, Forbes estimated his net worth as US$1.08 billion and ranked him 35h richest in South Korea.
Lee was born on August 6, 1950 in Namhae County, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. He graduated from Kwangsung Engineering High School [ko] (광성공업고등학교) in 1969. He founded Leeno Industrial in 1978; he named the company using a combination of his and his wife's surnames. In 1991, he graduated from Dong-Eui University. He graduated from an executive education program at KAIST. In 2001, Leeno Industrial became listed on the stock exchange KOSDAQ.
In 2024, Lee was the largest shareholder of Leeno Industrial, with a 35% stake in the company. In 2024, amidst a surge in investments in artificial intelligence–related stocks, Leeno Industrial's shares rose 70% in value. This made Lee a billionaire.
# Rhacolepis

Rhacolepis is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil. Complete fossilised hearts from this species have been recovered.
# Type SRs 8000 bucket-wheel excavator

The Type SRs 8000 or less commonly known as the SRs 8000-class, is a family of bucket-wheel excavators known for being one of the largest terrestrial vehicles ever made by man, with Bagger 293 its - "lead vessel" - being the largest ground vehicle in history. The Type SRs 8000 classification was coined by TAKRAF to describe specifically, Bagger 293, although it is unclear if this extends to its other "sibling vehicles" within the same bulk.
Whilst the "Bagger" family may indicate a copy/series of the same vehicle type, it is more of a loose denominator to group any BWEs of similar bulk, length, height and size within the Hambach surface mine. Indeed, some of the Baggers created aren't of the same size, construction period or even in the same built manufacturer. Bagger 293 and 288 for example, was constructed by TAKRAF and Krupp respectively.

## Specifications

As aforementioned, the one factor that unites all of them are their size. All members of the Type SRs 8000 weigh at the bare minimum of over 7,000 tons. The smallest and oldest of the family, Bagger 281 (built in 1958) weigh over 7,800 tons, although the average weight range is around 13,000 tons. Likewise, all members reach lengths of over 200 meters and require a small crew of five. Such a size would mean that these vehicles would have its own on-board toiletry and kitchenette rooms.
As BWEs, the Type SRs 8000s are all externally powered by a nearby coal production plant with an internal 6,413 kW (8,600 hp) powered electric motor to keep the machine operating smoothly. On average, all Baggers require a total output 16.56 MW (22,207 hp) of power to function with all-systems running. Their primary goal as BWEs, is in excavating lignite coal in Germany for processing to be turned into energy or 240,000 cubic metres of overburden daily.
Currently, all Type SRs 8000s are in-service. They are Bagger 281 (1958), Bagger 285 (1975), Bagger 287 (1976), Bagger 288 (1978), Bagger 291 (1993) and Bagger 293 (1995).

## Gallery

* Bagger 281
* Bagger 285
* Bagger 287
* Bagger 288
* Bagger 291
# Four'n Twenty

Four'n Twenty is an Australian pastry brand, now distributed internationally, with products including meat pies and sausage rolls. It is owned by parent company Patties Foods.
The classic Four'n Twenty pie is filled with mutton and beef (a minimum of 25%, per Food Standards Australia New Zealand regulations), mostly shoulder meat, in a spiced gravy with carrot and onion. The crust is a flour and margarine shortcrust pastry, with the upper crust additionally rolled and folded to make it slightly flaky. Other fillings include chicken and vegetable, pulled pork, and grass-fed Angus beef.
Australians have the highest per-capita meat pie consumption in the world, and Four'n Twenty pies are considered iconic, particularly in the context of football matches. They are often served with tomato sauce.

## Etymology and logos

The brand's name is a reference to the traditional English nursery rhyme Sing a Song of Sixpence, which includes the lyric "Four and twenty blackbirds / Baked in a pie". Some early logos alluded to this, with 24 blackbirds escaping from a pie and taking flight, although the current logo features only text.

## History

The Four'n Twenty pie was created in Bendigo, Victoria, Australia by Leslie Thompson McClure in 1947. Initially called the Dad & Dave Pie after the name of his cafe, McClure renamed the pie using the nursery rhyme suggestion from an employee. At that time, production was around 50 pies per day.
McClure took a sampling of his pies to the Royal Melbourne Agricultural Show, where they proved very popular. Increasing demand for the pie caused McClure to open a bakery in a pavilion of the showgrounds in 1949, then a factory in nearby Union Road, Ascot Vale in 1953, and eventually a larger factory in Kensington.
In 1960, McClure sold his stake in Four'n Twenty to the Victorian arm of Peters Ice Cream. Peters' subsequent owner, Pacific Dunlop, sold the brand to Simplot in 1995, and Simplot in turn sold Four'n Twenty and several other bakery brands to Patties Foods in 2003. Patties expanded their Bairnsdale manufacturing facility and consolidated Four'n Twenty production into it, closing the Kensington plant. The new plant can produce 21,000 pies per hour, 24 hours per day.

## International presence

In 2006, the brand announced that the Four'n Twenty pie would be sold on the American market.
On 21 April 2019, Four'n Twenty launched its brand of meat pies in Japan, with a Four’n Twenty Day celebration at the World Beer Museum in Tokyo.
Along with Milo, Weet-Bix and Vegemite, Four’n Twenty pies are an official provision to the 2024 Australian Olympic Team.

## Varieties

In 2017, to celebrate Four'n Twenty's 70th anniversary, the brand launched the Four'n Twenty Cheese and Vegemite Pie.
Later in 2017, Four'n Twenty launched the Topper, a crispy breaded pocket with lasagna, macaroni and cheese, or chicken cordon bleu fillings.
In 2020, Four'n Twenty introduced a vegan-friendly meat-free pie to the market, said to have the same "taste, texture and flavour" as the original.
# Kuwa (weapon)

The Kuwa is an Okinawan and Japanese weapon shaped like a gardening tool of the same name. The gardening tool kuwa is shaped like an adze and used similarly to a hoe. The weapon kuwa is used in Okinawan kobudō.
# Leon Toohey

Leon Toohey (2 November 1934 – 4 July 2000) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Portrait Werner Herzog

Portrait Werner Herzog (German: Werner Herzog - Filmemacher) is an autobiographical short film by Werner Herzog made in 1986. Herzog tells stories about his life and career.
The film contains excerpts and commentary on several Herzog films, including Signs of Life, Heart of Glass, Fata Morgana, Aguirre, the Wrath of God, The Great Ecstasy of Woodcarver Steiner, Fitzcarraldo, La Soufrière, and the Les Blank documentary Burden of Dreams.
The film is notable for footage of a conversation between Herzog and Lotte Eisner, a film historian whom Herzog admired. In another section, he talks with mountaineer Reinhold Messner, during which they discuss a potential film project in the Himalayas to star Klaus Kinski.
# Tropical Atlantic Variability

The Tropical Atlantic Variability (TAV) is influenced by internal interaction and external effects. TAV can be discussed in different time scales: seasonal (annual cycle) and interannual.

## Annual cycle

Seasonal variability is the dominant time scale of TAV, which is due to the seasonal march of the Sun. This seasonal variability is related to the movement of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which is the convergent zone of trade winds from south and north near the equator. It has strong vertical convection resulting to a redundant participation band and weak winds. The mean location of the ITCZ over the Atlantic Ocean is 5–10 degrees north of the geographical equator. All this asymmetric of ITCZ is the ultimate cause of the annual cycle in equatorial sea surface temperature (SST) in Atlantic by maintaining southerly cross-equatorial winds that intensify in boreal summer/fall and relax in boreal spring. From March to April, during which the temperature of the equator reaches maximum, winds are weakest and the sun shines directly over the equator. So, SST is uniformly warm near the equator, which makes the ITCZ really sensitive to even small disturbance of SST and explains the relaxation of cross-equator winds in spring. From July to September, during which the temperature of the equator reaches its minimum, ITCZ reaches its northernmost location, which explains the intensification of cross-equator winds. It can be seen that the process of cooling takes 3 months while that of warming takes 7 months, which are asymmetric. This seasonal asymmetry is due to influence of seasonal continental monsoon. Because of the narrow width of Atlantic, continental monsoon has a much more important influence on its variation compared to the wide Pacific Ocean, whose leading factor is air-sea interaction.

## Interannual cycle

For interannual, there is one mode called Atlantic Niño, of which periodicity varies. During the Atlantic Nino event, eastern area of Atlantic will appear warm SST anomalies accompanying a relaxation of trade winds. This mechanism, which is known as Bjerknes feedback, is similar to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
"On interannual and longer timescales, no single mode seems to dominate. Instead, several mechanisms are responsible for tropical Atlantic variability. On the equator, both observational and modeling studies indicate that there is a Bjerknes-type air–sea coupled mode arising from the interaction of the equatorial zonal SST gradient, ITCZ convection, zonal wind, and thermocline depth."
# Podgórzyn, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship

Podgórzyn is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Korsze, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.
# Howmeh Rural District (Sanandaj County)

Howmeh Rural District (Persian: دهستان حومه) is in the Central District of Sanandaj County, Kurdistan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Salavatabad.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 31,304 in 7,720 households. There were 20,066 inhabitants in 5,707 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 28,597 in 8,596 households. The most populous of its 22 villages was Asavleh, with 8,009 people.
# Haugh Wood

Haugh Wood is a Site of Special Scientific Interest near Woolhope in Herefordshire, England. The protected area is recognised for its diversity of its insects. The Forestry Commission has provided waymarked butterfly trails in this protected area.
This protected area includes two previously notified Sites of Special Scientific Interest called Rudge End Quarry and Pentaloe Glen.

## Biology

Most of Haugh wood has been converted to forestry plantation. The notable insect diversity is associated with the patches that contain sessile oak and silver birch.
Butterflies include high brown fritillary, wood white, pearl bordered fritillary and white letter hairstreak. Moth species include lunar hornet clearwing, drab looper, triple spotted pug and barred hook-tip. The bee Osmia pilicornis has also been recorded at this site.
Herbaceous plants in this protected area include herb-Paris, greater butterfly orchid, marsh helleborine, common twayblade, fragrant orchid and yellow-wort.
Mammal species in this protected area include fallow deer, badger, dormouse and pole cat.
Bird species include sparrowhawk, tawny owl, woodcock, nightingale and lesser spotted woodpecker.

## Geology

Haugh Wood is positioned on top of Woolhope Dome, which is composed of alternating beds of limestones and shales formed during the Silurian period.

## Land ownership and management

Most of the land within Haugh Wood SSSI is owned by the Forestry Commission. Haugh Wood SSSI also includes land owned by the National Trust who refer to this site as Poors Acre.
Herefordshire Wildlife Trust have a management role for some of this protected area, particularly in the sections known as Pentaloe Glen and Rudge End Quarry. Herefordshire Wildlife Trust also purchased land in 2020 to form Common Hill reserve.
# Hampton Park, New Zealand

Hampton Park is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field. A small scoria cone reaching 35 metres (114 ft 10 in) above sea level, with a shallow crater around 50 metres (164 ft 1 in) wide, which has been modified by quarrying. The scoria cone sits in the centre of a much larger explosion crater, the eastern arc of the surrounding tuff ring is still present. Stone from the volcano was used to build dry-stone walls and the nearby St John's Church built on the tuff ring crest.
# Caracas Bakery

Caracas Bakery is a bakery in Florida, in the United States.

## Reception

In 2024, the business was included in The New York Times's list of the 22 best bakeries in the U.S.
# Niniwa Roberts

Niniwa Kiri Rata Roberts (born 1 June 1976) is a New Zealand field hockey player. She competed for the New Zealand women's national field hockey team (the Black Sticks Women) between 2001 and 2008, including for the team at the 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics.
Niniwa has a younger sister, Aniwaka, who was selected for the Black Sticks Women in November 2012.

## International senior competitions

* 2001 – Champions Trophy, Amstelveen
* 2002 – Commonwealth Games, Manchester
* 2002 – Champions Trophy, Macau
* 2002 – World Cup, Perth
* 2003 – Champions Challenge, Catania
* 2004 – Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Auckland
* 2004 – Summer Olympics, Athens
* 2004 – Champions Trophy, Rosario
* 2005 – Champions Challenge, Virginia Beach
* 2006 – World Cup Qualifier, Rome
* 2008 – Summer Olympics, Beijing
# Galip Balkar

Galip Balkar (1936 – 11 March 1983) was a Turkish diplomat. He was assassinated by two Armenian gunmen in 1983 during his duty as the Turkish ambassador to Yugoslavia.

## Life and career

Galip Balkar was born in 1936 in Istanbul. He graduated from Ankara University, Law School. In 1959, he joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He was appointed the Ambassador of Turkey to Yugoslavia in 1981.

## Assassination

Two Armenian gunmen opened fire with small firearms at the ambassador's car, which stopped for a red light at a major downtown intersection in Belgrade. Balkar, 47, and his chauffeur Kaya Necet were wounded, the condition of the ambassador being critical. Two Yugoslav security agents in the area chased them and shots were exchanged. The gunmen wounded one of the agents, Slobodan Brajević. Another shot aimed at Brajević had ricocheted off a wall and slightly wounded an office worker, Zorica Solotić. A Yugoslav student, Željko Milivojević, was killed during the exchanged gunfire.
The attackers were arrested and identified as Harutyun Krikor Levonian and Alexander Elbekyan. They had arrived in Yugoslavia from Beirut on 6–7 March and both held Lebanese passports. Levonian, seriously wounded, was caught shortly after the attack, and Elbekyan eight hours later. The same day, an anonymous caller to The Associated Press in Athens took responsibility for the attack on behalf of the Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide a militant organization that was blamed for at least a dozen attacks on Turkish targets from 1975 to 1987. Callers to other news outlets in Paris and Beirut also said the Justice Commandos had carried out the assault. The messages said the shooting was intended to draw the world's attention to what the group called "the national problem of the Armenian people."
# Ogho-Oghene Egwero

Ogho-Oghene Omano Egwero (born 26 November 1988, in Egbo-Igbide, Delta, Nigeria) is a Nigerian sprinter who specializes in the 100 metres.
He competed at the 2009, 2011 and 2013 World Championships and the 2010 and 2016 World Indoor Championships. He represented Nigeria at the 2012 and 2016 Olympics and the 2014 Commonwealth Games.
His personal best times are 6.60 seconds in the 60 metres (indoor), achieved in February 2011 in Düsseldorf; and 10.06 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved first in 2011 in Maputo and again in 2015 in Brazzaville.
# Dan Topping Jr.

Daniel Reid Topping Jr. (born February 1, 1938) is a former executive with the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (MLB).
The son of New York Yankees co-owner Dan Topping and actress Arline Judge, Topping joined the Yankees organization in 1961. In his first season, he worked on the grounds crew, in the ticket office, and in publicity. In 1962 he became general manager of the Yankees' minor league team in Fort Lauderdale.
Topping was the assistant general manager of the MLB Yankees for two seasons before becoming a vice president in 1965, after controlling interest in the team was sold to CBS. On May 8, 1966, he was named general manager after Ralph Houk returned to uniform as the team's field manager. Topping's father sold his remaining interests in the club to CBS on September 19, 1966 and 24 days later Lee MacPhail was named the club's new general manager. Topping remained a Yankees' vice president until his resignation in June 1967.
# Don Douglas (footballer)

Don Douglas (born 7 October 1934) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).