OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rights of Englishmen

The "rights of Englishmen" are the traditional rights of English subjects and later English-speaking subjects of the British Crown.
In the 18th century, some of the colonists who objected to British rule in the thirteen British North American colonies that would become the first United States argued that their traditional rights as Englishmen were being violated. The colonists wanted and expected the rights that they (or their forebears) had previously enjoyed in England: a local, representative government, with regards to judicial matters (some colonists were being sent back to England for trials) and particularly with regards to taxation. Belief in these rights subsequently became a widely accepted justification for the American Revolution.

## Historical background

In the tradition of Whig history, Judge William Blackstone called them "The absolute rights of every Englishman". He described the Fundamental Laws of England in his influential Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765), in which he explained how they had been established slowly over centuries of English constitutional history. They were certain basic rights that all subjects of the English monarch were understood to be entitled to, such as those expressed in Magna Carta since 1215, the Petition of Right in 1628, the Habeas Corpus Act 1679 and the Bill of Rights 1689.
In a legal case that came to be known as Calvin's Case, or the Case of the Postnati, the Law Lords decided in 1608 that Scotsmen born after King James I united Scotland and England (the postnati) had all the rights of Englishmen. This decision would have a subsequent effect on the concept of the "rights of Englishmen" in British America.

## Legacy in United States law

The American colonies had since the 17th century been fertile ground for liberalism within the center of European political discourse. However, as the ratification of the Declaration of Independence approached, the issue among the colonists of which particular rights were significant became divisive. George Mason, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, stated that "We claim nothing but the liberty and privileges of Englishmen in the same degree, as if we had continued among our brethren in Great Britain."
Owing to its inclusion in the standard legal treatises of the 19th century, Calvin's Case was well known in the early judicial history of the United States. Consideration of the case by the United States Supreme Court and by state courts transformed it into a rule regarding American citizenship and solidified the concept of jus soli – the right by which nationality or citizenship can be recognised to any individual born in the territory of the related state – as the primary determining factor controlling the acquisition of citizenship by birth.
The Supreme Court Justice Joseph P. Bradley asserted that the "rights of Englishmen" were a foundation of American law in his dissenting opinion on the Slaughter-House Cases, the first Supreme Court interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, in 1873.
# Pedro Nieves

Pedro Nieves (born 27 February 1961) is a Venezuelan boxer. He competed in the men's light flyweight event at the 1980 Summer Olympics. At the 1980 Summer Olympics, he defeated Singkham Phongpratith of Laos, before losing to Dietmar Geilich of East Germany.
# Mark Slater (Australian footballer)

Mark Jonathan Slater (11 July 1951 – 3 August 2024) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Aged just 17, Slater made his VFL debut in Collingwood's round 10 win over Geelong at Victoria Park in the 1969 season. His second and final appearance for Collingwood came in the opening round of the 1970 VFL season, against Footscray at Western Oval.
After leaving Collingwood, Slater joined Preston in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) for the 1971 season, playing at least 17 games and kicking 21 goals. He moved to Coburg in 1974, playing in the club's Division 2 premiership that year before leaving at the end of the 1976 season.
Slater captain-coached Bundoora to the 1981 Diamond Valley Football League Division 2 premiership. He won the Division 2's best and fairest award that year.
Slater died on 3 August 2024, at the age of 73.
# Lovro Paparić

Lovro Paparić (born August 5, 1999) is a Croatian professional water polo player. He is currently playing for VK Primorje. He is 6 ft 5 in (1.95 m) tall and weighs 260 lb (118 kg). He started playing waterpolo at the age of 6.
# List of highways numbered 179

The following highways are numbered 179:

## Canada

* Prince Edward Island Route 179

## Ireland

* R179 road (Ireland)

## Japan

* Japan National Route 179

## Malaysia

* FT 179 Malaysia Federal Route 179

## United Kingdom

* A179 road
* B179 road

## United States

* Interstate 179 (former)
* Alabama State Route 179
* Arizona State Route 179
* Arkansas Highway 179
* California State Route 179 (opening future)
* Connecticut Route 179
* Florida State Road 179 (former)
* Georgia State Route 179 (former)
* Illinois Route 179 (former)
* K-179 (Kansas highway)
* Kentucky Route 179
* Maine State Route 179
* Maryland Route 179
* M-179 (Michigan highway)
* Missouri Route 179
* New Jersey Route 179
* New Mexico State Road 179
* New York State Route 179
* North Carolina Highway 179
* Ohio State Route 179
* Pennsylvania Route 179
* Rhode Island Route 179
* South Carolina Highway 179
* Tennessee State Route 179
* Texas State Highway 179
** Texas State Highway Loop 179
** Farm to Market Road 179 (Texas)
* Utah State Route 179 (former)
* Virginia State Route 179
* Wisconsin Highway 179

### Territories

* Puerto Rico Highway 179
| Preceded by 178 | Lists of highways 179 | Succeeded by 180 |
# Ebneh

Ebneh (Arabic: ابنه) is a Syrian village located in Ariha Nahiyah in Ariha District, Idlib. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ebneh had a population of 1097 as of the 2004 census.
# HP/De Tijd

HP/De Tijd is a Dutch language monthly opinion magazine. Its editorial offices are in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Alongside De Groene Amsterdammer, Vrij Nederland and Elsevier, it is one of the most influential Dutch opinion magazines.
The circulation of HP/De Tijd was 28,662 copies in the last quarter of 2008. The paid net circulation of the magazine was 19,168 copies in the last quarter of 2011.

## History
### De Tijd

De Tijd was a Dutch-language Catholic newspaper published from 1845 until 1974. The first edition of De Tijd was published 17 June 1845 in 's-Hertogenbosch; at this time the newspaper appeared thrice weekly. Judocus Smits [nl] was the founder and editor in chief. In 1846 De Tijd (which at that time had 250 subscribers) moved to Amsterdam, in order to attract more subscribers. It also started publishing daily.
At the end of pillarisation, the number of subscribers diminished drastically. In 1959, De Maasbode, a Roman Catholic newspaper founded in 1885, merged into De Tijd and was added to the title. In 1966, the title was shortened again to De Tijd. De Tijd became a weekly magazine in 1974.

### Haagse Post

Haagse Post was a social liberal news magazine published weekly from 1914 to 1969.

### HP/De Tijd

In 1990, De Tijd merged with the Haagse Post weekly news magazine to become HP/De Tijd, a weekly news magazine. De Tijd was a Catholic weekly magazine. Audax Groep bought the magazine in 1994 from publisher HPU, VNU and MeesPierson bank. In the early 2000s HP/De Tijd was known for its right-wing discourse, often featuring right-wing personalities such as Pim Fortuyn.
On 25 April 2012, HP/De Tijd became a monthly published magazine. On 1 April 2022, Hp/De Tijd left the Audax Groep after 31 years. From then, it published by a newly established nonprifit, Het Vrije Woord.

## Editor-in-chief

* Ad 's-Gravesande (1990–1991)
* Gerard Driehuis (1991–1995)
* Auke Kok (1995–1996)
* Bert Vuijsje (1996–2000)
* Henk Steenhuis (2000–2008)
* Jan Dijkgraaf (2009–2010)
* Eduard van Holst Pellekaan (2010–2011)
* Frank Poorthuis (2011–2012)
* Daan Dijksman and Boudewijn Geels (2013)
* Tom Kellerhuis (2014–present)

## Ownership

* 1990-1994: Hollandse Pers Unie (70%), VNU (30%)
* 1995–2022: Audax Groep (100%)
* 2022–: Het Vrije Woord (100%)
# Juan Montoya (cyclist)

Juan Montoya (born 22 November 1932) is a Guatemalan cyclist. He competed in the 4,000 metres team pursuit at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Daniel Končal

Daniel Končal (born 16 September 1982) is a Slovak volleyball player for VK Karlovarsko and the Slovak national team.
He participated at the 2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship.
# Rafael Duran (wrestler)

Rafael Duran (born 17 March 1938) is a Venezuelan wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle lightweight at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Dina Havić

Dina Havić (born November 13, 1987) is a Croatian handballer playing for Yenimahalle Bld. SK and the Croatian national team.
She played for RK Lokomotiva Zagreb (2008–2015) in her country before she transferred to the Ankara-based team Yenimahalle Bld. SK to play in the Turkish Women's Handball Super League.
# Andrija Bašić

Andrija Bašić (born 9 September 1995) is a Croatian water polo player. He is currently playing for German water polo club Waspo 98 Hannover. He is 6 ft 4 in (1.92 m) tall and weighs (203 lb (92 kg).
# Evergreen School (Evergreen, Alabama)

The Evergreen School, at 100 City School Dr. in Evergreen, Alabama, United States, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.
It is a one-story brick Classical Revival-style building which was built in 1923 and expanded in c.1935 and 1948.
# Hydroseeding

Hydroseeding (or hydraulic mulch seeding, hydro-mulching, hydraseeding) is a planting process that uses a slurry of seed and mulch. It is often used as an erosion control technique on construction sites, as an alternative to the traditional process of broadcasting or sowing dry seed.

## Description

The hydroseeding slurry is transported in a tank, either truck-mounted or trailer-mounted and sprayed over prepared ground. Helicopters have been used to cover larger areas. Aircraft application may also be used on burned wilderness areas after a fire, and in such uses may contain only soil stabilizer to avoid introducing non-native plant species. Hydroseeding is an alternative to the traditional process of broadcasting or sowing dry seed. A study conducted along the lower Colorado River in Arizona reported that hydroseeding could be used to restore riparian vegetation in cleared land.
The slurry often has other ingredients including fertilizer, tackifying agents, fiber mulch, and green dye.

## History

Originating back to the USA in the 1940s, Maurice Mandell from the Connecticut Highway Department discovered that by mixing seed and water together, the resulting mulch could be spread and sprayed over the steep and otherwise inaccessible slopes of the Connecticut expressways.

## Advantages

If planting a relatively large area, hydroseeding can be completed in a very short period of time. It can be very effective for hillsides and sloping lawns to help with erosion control and quick planting. Hydroseeding will typically cost less than planting with sod, but more than broadcast seeding. Results are often quick with high germination rates producing grass growth in about a week and mowing maintenance beginning around 3 to 4 weeks from the date of application. Fiber mulch accelerates the growing process by maintaining moisture around the seeds thereby increasing the rate of germination.
Seeds are applied to tilled soil using a high pressure hose. The seeds are likely mixed into a water-based spray that often contains mulch, fertilizer, lime, or other substances that promote seed growth.
# Julio Gómez (footballer, born 1954)

Julio Gómez Rendón (born 28 October 1954) is a Guatemalan footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Radoslav Židek

Radoslav Židek (born October 15, 1981 in Žilina) is a snowboarder who became the first Slovak to win a Winter Olympics medal. He won a silver in Snowboard Cross at the 2006 Winter Olympics.
# Juraj Dovičovič

Juraj Dovičovič (born 27 May 1980) is a Slovak former football midfielder. He represented Slovakia football team in a two international friendly matches against Ukraine football team on 28 April 2004 and then against Croatia football team a month and one day later.

## Honours
### Club
#### Djurgårdens IF

* Svenska Cupen (1): 2004
# Jelena Grubišić

Jelena Grubišić (born 20 January 1987) is a retired Croatian handballer who played for the Croatia national team.
She was given the award of Cetățean de onoare ("Honorary Citizen") of the city of Bucharest in 2016.
She was inducted in the European Handball Hall of Fame in 2023.

## International honours

* EHF Champions League:
** Winner: 2016
** Bronze Medalist: 2017, 2018

## Individual awards

* Most Valuable Player of the Final Four of EHF Champions League: 2016
* Croatian Female Handballer of the Year: 2016
* Balkan-Handball.com Ex-Yugoslavian Handballer of the Year: 2016
* All-Star Goalkeeper of the Romanian League: 2021
# Toni Borevković

Toni Borevković (born 18 June 1997) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays for Portuguese club Vitória SC as a centre-back.

## Career

Born in Slavonski Brod, Croatia, Borevković is a product of local NK Marsonia and NK Marsonia 1909/MV Croatia youth ranks. In June 2018, he started his first experience abroad, joining Rio Ave on a five-year deal. He made his debut on 26 July 2018 in the UEFA Europa League play-offs against Jagiellonia Białystok.
On 8 July 2021, he signed a five-year contract with Vitória SC.
On 20 June he joined Hajduk on a one year loan deal, with a €1 million option to buy clause.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 26 January 2023
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Rudeš (loan) | 2015–16 | Druga HNL | 10 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10 | 0 |
| Rudeš | 2016–17 | Druga HNL | 25 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 27 | 0 |
| Rudeš | 2017–18 | Prva HNL | 31 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 31 | 1 |
| Rudeš | Total | Total | 56 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 58 | 1 |
| Rio Ave | 2018–19 | Primeira Liga | 19 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 24 | 1 |
| Rio Ave | 2019–20 | Primeira Liga | 32 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 22 | 1 |
| Rio Ave | 2020–21 | Primeira Liga | 33 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 39 | 0 |
| Rio Ave | Total | Total | 84 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | — | — | 101 | 1 |
| Vitória de Guimarães | 2021–22 | Primeira Liga | 24 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 29 | 0 |
| Hajduk Split (loan) | 2022–23 | Prva HNL | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 181 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207 | 2 |
# Kalisz Governorate

Kalisz Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire.

## History

It was created in 1837 from the Kalisz Voivodeship, and had the same borders and centre (Kalisz) as the voivodeship.
The Reform of 1844 merged the governorate into the larger Warsaw Governorate, until the 1867 reform which reversed those changes and recreated the Kalisz Governorate.

## Language

Numbers of speakers according to the Imperial census of 1897. In bold are languages spoken by more people than the state language. :
| Language | Total | Percentage | Males | Females |
| Polish | 705 400 | 83.91% | 345 348 | 360 052 |
| Yiddish | 64 193 | 7.63% | 30 941 | 33 252 |
| German | 61 482 | 7.31% | 30 289 | 31 193 |
| Russian | 7 451 | 0.88% | 5 985 | 1 466 |
| Ukrainian | 1 429 | 0.16% | 1 391 | 38 |
| Other | 618 | <0.1% | 521 | 97 |
| No native language named | 22 | <0.01% | 11 | 11 |
| Total | 840 597 | 100% | 414 488 | 426 109 |
# Upper Thames (European Parliament constituency)

Upper Thames was a United Kingdom European Parliament constituency, electing one member under the first-past-the-post system. It came into being for the European Parliament election of 1979 and ceased to exist in 1984, due to boundary reorganization.
Upper Thames consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies (on their 1974 boundaries) of Abingdon, Devizes, Henley, Newbury, Swindon, Reading North, and Reading South. Its only Member of the European Parliament was Robert Jackson.

## Members of the European Parliament

| Elected | Name | Party | Party |
| 1979 | Robert Jackson | | Conservative |
| 1984 | Constituency abolished | Constituency abolished | Constituency abolished |

## Election results

European Parliament election, 1979: Upper Thames :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Robert Jackson | 103,488 | 59.4 | |
| | Labour | Patrick H. Gray | 39,900 | 22.9 | |
| | Liberal | Jack Ainslie | 30,907 | 17.2 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 63,588 | 36.5 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 174,295 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) |
# Tommaso Lorenzetti

Tommaso Lorenzetti (born 22 June 1985) is an Italian motorcycle racer and Maxillofacial surgeon.

## Career statistics

* 2005 - 19th, European Superstock 600 Championship, Yamaha YZF-R6, Honda CBR600RR
* 2006 - NC, FIM Superstock 1000 Cup, Honda CBR1000RR
* 2007 - NC, FIM Superstock 1000 Cup, Kawasaki ZX-10R
* 2008 - NC, FIM Superstock 1000 Cup, Suzuki

### Grand Prix motorcycle racing
#### By season

| Season | Class | Motorcycle | Team | Number | Race | Win | Podium | Pole | FLap | Pts | Plcd |
| 2011 | Moto2 | FTR | Aeroport de Castello | 24 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NC |
| Total | | | | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |

#### Races by year

| Year | Class | Bike | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | Pos. | Points |
| 2011 | Moto2 | FTR | QAT | SPA | POR | FRA | CAT | GBR | NED | ITA Ret | GER 29 | CZE Ret | INP | RSM | ARA | JPN | AUS | MAL | VAL | NC | 0 |
# Julio Rodas

Julio Alberto Rodas Hurtarte (born 9 December 1966) is a retired Guatemalan professional football striker.

## Club career

At the club level, Rodas started his professional career playing for Municipal. He then had a one-season stint in El Salvador with C.D. FAS and later returned to Guatemala to play for Comunicaciones. During the latter part of his career, he played for Antigua GFC and Deportivo Jalapa.

## International career

Rodas was also a member of the Guatemala national team, and was selected as part of the squad that participated at the 1988 Olympic tournament. With the senior national team, he played during the World Cup qualification processes for the 1990, 1994, and 1998 tournaments.
Julio is the elder brother of Jorge, who was his teammate in Municipal and Comunicaciones and was also a member of the national team.
# Mihonoseki, Shimane

Mihonoseki (美保関町, Mihonoseki-chō) was a town located in Yatsuka District, Shimane Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 6,541 and a density of 118.05 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 55.41 km$^2$.
On March 31, 2005, Mihonoseki, along with the towns of Kashima, Shimane, Shinji, Tamayu and Yatsuka, and the village of Yakumo (all from Yatsuka District), was merged into the expanded city of Matsue.
# Raúl Dome

Raúl Dome Sanhouse (born 7 May 1942) is a Venezuelan sprinter. He competed in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Dave McGlashan

David McGlashan (born 2 January 1958) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with the Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# 1968 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament

The 1968 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament took place during March and April 1968. It was the 3rd CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament.
Argentina and Bolivia did not participate. Brazil and Colombia qualified for the 1968 Summer Olympics.

## Group stage
### Group 1

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Paraguay | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | +4 | 5 | Advance to final group |
| 2 | Brazil | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | +3 | 4 | Advance to final group |
| 3 | Chile | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | |
| 4 | Venezuela | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 7 | −7 | 0 | |

### Group 2

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Colombia | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | +2 | 5 | Advance to final group |
| 2 | Uruguay | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | +2 | 4 | Advance to final group |
| 3 | Peru | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | −1 | 2 | |
| 4 | Ecuador | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | −3 | 1 | |

## Final group

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Brazil | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 2 | +4 | 4 | Qualification for 1968 Summer Olympics |
| 2 | Colombia | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 5 | +1 | 4 | Qualification for 1968 Summer Olympics |
| 3 | Uruguay | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 6 | −1 | 3 | |
| 4 | Paraguay | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 9 | −4 | 1 | |
# IBM Hakozaki Facility

IBM Hakozaki Facility (ＩＢＭ箱崎ビル or 三井倉庫箱崎ビル) in Nihonbashi-Hakozaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, is IBM's largest building in Japan, in terms of the number of people working there. It mainly houses IBM's marketing and market support departments, and – since October 2009 – headquarters, which moved from Roppongi, Tokyo. It was built for IBM in 1989.

## General description

IBM Hakozaki Facility is located at 19-21 Nihonbashi-Hakozaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, on the right bank of the Sumida River. It houses mainly IBM's marketing and systems engineering departments, and is IBM's largest facility in Japan, in terms of the number of people working there. Because of the seminars and demonstrations of the latest products and services frequently held there, it is also familiar to many users and potential users of IBM.
Its main building was completed in 1989, designed by Takenaka Corporation, and is owned and leased by Mitsui-Soko, Mitsui Group's warehousing & distribution company. The building complex also houses cafeterias, restaurants, a post office, a bookstore, a gym and a tea ceremony house.

## Access

The facility can be accessed from Suitengūmae Station on the Tokyo Metro Hanzomon Line, Ningyōchō Station on the Toei Asakusa Line, Tokyo City Air Terminal, and from the Toei Bus bus stop.
# Maarbalit

Maarbalit (Arabic: معربليت also spelt Ma'rablit or Maarablit) is a Syrian village located in Ariha Nahiyah in Ariha District, Idlib. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maarbalit had a population of 2178 in the 2004 census.

## Syrian Civil War

In February of 2018, the Syrian Liberation Front reportedly captured the town from Tahrir al-Sham. At least 1 person was killed and 4 wounded in an artillery strike on Maarbalit that occurred on April 25th 2023. Government forces shelled the village on August 1st 2023, killed a four year old boy. Many people were displaced over the course of the conflict, though about 200 residents are said to have returned to the village in August 2023.