OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Louisville hotspot

The Louisville hotspot is a volcanic hotspot responsible for the volcanic activity that has formed the Louisville Ridge in the southern Pacific Ocean.

## Location

The Louisville hotspot is believed to lie close to the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, although its exact present location is uncertain.

## Geological history

The Louisville hotspot has produced the Louisville Ridge, which is one of the longest seamount chains on Earth, stretching some 4,300 km (2,672 mi) from the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge to the Tonga Trench where it subducts under the Indo-Australian Plate as part of the Pacific Plate.
The Louisville hotspot is believed to have been active since at least 78.8 ± 1.3 Ma based on age of the oldest seamount (Osbourn). This duration is comparable to that of the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain, although the rate of volcanism at the two chains are relatively different by 50% with volcanic activity at each seamount location being shorter in the Louisville seamounts at about 4 million years compared to more like 6 million years. The Louisville Ridge has a relatively small bend compared to that in the Hawaiian-Emperior chain. During the Early Oligocene period, the Louisville hotspot's magma source rate was much steadier than the Hawaii hotspot rate, and had a lower total volume in eruption. During the Late Oligocene, the magma source decreased to a small fraction of that in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain, such that none of the volcanoes has emerged above sea level in the past 11 million years. The Louisville Ridge is only half as wide as the Hawaiian-Emperior seamount chain. Therefore, unlike the Hawaii hotspot, the Louisville hotspot is believed to have decreased in activity with time.
The Louisville hotspot may have helped create the Ontong Java Plateau, the world's largest oceanic plateau, around 120 million years ago. The modelled locations of the plateau and hotspot at the time do not coincide under one recent plate reconstruction, arguing against this, although other factors mean their linkage may still be possible. One other factor is compositional studies which would suggest that only part of the Ontong Java Plateau that separated quite early is related to the Louisville hotspot. The compositional studies also define that the hot spot magma produces a distinct alkali basalt compared to the eruptives from the Hawaii hotspot.
# Peter Atherton

Peter Atherton may refer to:
* Peter Atherton (Massachusetts politician) (1705–1764), Massachusetts colonial leader
* Peter Atherton (footballer) (born 1970), English footballer
* Peter Atherton (manufacturer) (1741–1799), British designer of instruments, inventor and manufacturer of textile machinery
* Peter Lee Atherton (1862–1939), American businessman, property developer, investor and politician
# Maria Aldana Cetra

Maria Aldana Cetra (born 17 July 1980) is an Argentine professional racing cyclist. She rides for the Itau Shimano Ladies Power Team.
# Jonathan Hess (figure skater)

Jonathan Hess (German: Jonathan Heß; born 9 June 2000) is a German figure skater. He is the 2020 German national silver medalist and finished within the top ten at the 2018 World Junior Championships.

## Career
### Early years

Hess began learning to skate in 2004. He won the German novice men's title in the 2014–15 season and moved up to juniors the following season. His ISU Junior Grand Prix (JGP) debut came in October 2016.

### 2017–2018 season

Hess finished 12th at his sole JGP assignment, in Austria. In January 2018, he became the German national junior men's champion. In March, he competed at the 2018 World Junior Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria; he placed 7th in the short program, 10th in the free skate, and 10th overall.

### 2018–2019 season

Hess competed at two JGP events at the start of the season. He made his senior international debut in October, placing fourth at the Halloween Cup in Budapest, Hungary. He did not compete at the German Championships.
Ranked 18th in the short, he qualified to the free skate and finished 22nd overall at the 2019 World Junior Championships in Zagreb, Croatia. It was his final season of junior eligibility.

### 2019–2020 season

In January 2020, Hess won silver at the German Championships.

## Programs

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2019–2020 | L-O-V-E by Nat King Cole | The Three Musketeers by Michael Kamen |
| 2018–2019 | Who Wants to Live Forever performed by David Garrett | Pearl Harbor by Hans Zimmer |
| 2017–2018 | Who Wants to Live Forever performed by David Garrett | Pearl Harbor by Hans Zimmer |
| 2016–2017 | Tango Amore by Edvin Marton | Pearl Harbor by Hans Zimmer |

## Competitive highlights

CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix
International :
| Event | 15–16 | 16–17 | 17–18 | 18–19 | 19–20 |
| CS Alpen Trophy | | | | WD | |
| CS Finlandia | | | | | 11th |
| CS Nebelhorn | | | | | 13th |
| CS Warsaw Cup | | | | | 18th |
| Bavarian Open | | | | | 4th |
| Challenge Cup | | | | | 5th |
| Halloween Cup | | | | 4th | |
| International: Junior ||||||
| Junior Worlds | | | 10th | 22nd | |
| JGP Austria | | | 12th | 11th | |
| JGP Czech Rep. | | | | 16th | |
| JGP Germany | | 22nd | | | |
| Bavarian Open | 7th | 4th | 5th | 3rd | |
| Cup of Nice | | | 6th | | |
| Cup of Tyrol | | | 1st | | |
| Hellmut Seibt | 1st | | | | |
| Leo Scheu | | | 1st | | |
| Merano Cup | | 6th | | | |
| NRW Trophy | 11th | 6th | | 3rd | |
| National ||||||
| German Champ. | 5th J | 7th J | 1st J | | 2nd |
| J = Junior ||||||
# Bridget Tolley

Bridget Tolley (born 1960) is a Canada-based Algonquin community worker, activist for Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women (MMIW), and the founder of the grassroots activist and support organization, Families of Sisters in Spirit (FSIS).

## Early life and biography

Tolley was born in 1960 at Maniwaki, Quebec, to Gladys and John Tolley. She is an Algonquin grandmother and long-time activist. Her father committed suicide when she was 11 years old.

## Activism

Bridget Tolley's mother, Gladys Tolley, was struck and killed by a Sûreté du Québec (Quebec Provincial Police) cruiser near Maniwaki, Quebec, on the night of October 5, 2001. A year after her mother's death, Tolley discovered that the police had terminated the investigation into her mother’s death without informing her. Tolley began investigating her mother's death herself, and in the process became an activist for Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women.
Tolley is the founder of the MMIW organization, Families of Sisters in Spirit (FSIS).
   FISIS is led by and for families of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls, with support from a diversity of friends and allies. FSIS receives no government, agency or organizational funding. We operate entirely with support from the community, including volunteers, donations, and in-kind support (Tolley, Martin, & Gilchrist, 2012).
She is also a founding member of Justice for Victims of Police Killings and is involved with the Native Women's Association of Canada Sisters in Spirit Vigils. Tolley is active in other social issues such as child welfare, police violence, Indigenous education and housing.
# Manuel Bacigalupo

Manuel Bacigalupo (25 December 1916 – 10 June 1965) was a Peruvian cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Kate Longhurst

Kate Leanne Longhurst (born 2 May 1989) is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder or wing-back for Nottingham Forest in the FA Women's National League North. Longhurst won back to back WSL titles in her time at Liverpool WFC. She became the joint all-time Womens Super League record appearance maker in 2023 with 182 appearances.

## Club career

Longhurst began her career with Colchester United. In the 2007–08 season, she scored 15 goals in 21 appearances. The following season, she scored 3 goals in 11 appearances. In 2009, she joined top-flight side Watford and finished the 2009–10 season with 3 goals in 17 matches. At the end of the season, she signed with Millwall Lionesses.
In 2011, Longhurst joined Chelsea. She scored the Blues' second goal in the 101st minute in the 2012 FA Women's Cup Final.
Longhurst signed with Liverpool in 2013, helping the side to back-to-back FA WSL titles in 2013 and 2014. On 22 May 2018, she left Liverpool following the expiration of her contract.
On 9 August 2018, Longhurst joined West Ham United. On 23 September, Longhurst scored West Ham's first ever FA WSL goal, in a 4–3 defeat to Arsenal.
Longhurst joined Charlton Athletic on 10 June 2023 before moving to Nottingham Forest on 22 July 2024.

## International career

Longhurst represented England at various youth levels. In 2006, she partnered Ellen White in the Nationwide Under-17 Tournament final as she netted for England in a 2–0 win over Scotland.

## Honours
### Liverpool

* FA WSL: 2013, 2014

### Chelsea

* Women's FA Cup Runners-up 2012

### West Ham United

* Women's FA Cup Runners-up 2019
Individual
* Liverpool Players player 2015
* Fans hammer of the year 2020 & 2022
* West Ham Players Player 2020 & 2022
# Emir Hrkalović

Emir Hrkalović (Serbian: Емир Хркаловћ; born 17 May 1991) is a Serbian biathlete.
He represents Serbia at the Biathlon World Championships, Biathlon World Cup and IBU Cup.
The best result in his career so far is 10th place in 20 km individual during the 2nd stage of 2013/14 IBU Cup held in Beitostolen, Norway.
# Wiewiórka, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship

Wiewiórka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Iława, within Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Iława and 53 km (33 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
# Leo Connolly (Australian footballer)

Leo Connolly (born 7 August 2001) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the St Kilda Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was recruited by St Kilda with the 64th pick in the 2019 AFL draft, and debuted for St Kilda as a medical substitute against Richmond during the 2021 AFL season.

## Early football

Originally hailing from the west Gippsland town of Trafalgar, Connolly began playing with the Moe Football Club in 2016, before joining the Gippsland Power in the NAB League, where he became known for his dashing run off half-back and good kicking. He was ultimately selected by the St Kilda Football Club with pick no. 64 in the 2019 AFL draft, their second and final pick.

## AFL career

Connolly was not able to make his debut in 2020, and in a Covid-interrupted season was largely relegated to playing scratch matches with the cancellation of the VFL following the outbreak of the pandemic. This made it difficult for Connolly to break into the senior side, who went on to make the Semi Final that year.
In 2021, minutes before St Kilda's round 15 clash with Richmond at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, Connolly replaced Nick Coffield as medical substitute, following Coffield's late inclusion in the playing 22 for Jack Billings. Connolly ultimately replaced Coffield on-field and gained 11 disposals in his first quarter of football. Following an impressive debut, Connolly retained his place in the team for seven consecutive matches before a concussion sustained in Round 21 saw him miss the final two games of the year. Connolly averaged 12 disposals, three marks, eight kicks per game in 2021, with his best game coming in Round 20 against Carlton where he had 18 disposals, 13 kicks and three marks. Connolly was delisted at the conclusion of the 2023 season.

## Statistics

    Statistics are correct to the end of the 2021 season
| Season | Team | No. | Games | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) |
| Season | Team | No. | Games | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | G | B | K | H | D | M | T |
| 2021 | St Kilda | 37 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 56 | 27 | 83 | 22 | 4 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 8.00 | 3.86 | 11.86 | 3.14 | 0.57 |
| Career | Career | Career | 7 | 1 | 1 | 56 | 27 | 83 | 22 | 4 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 8.00 | 3.86 | 11.86 | 3.14 | 0.57 |
Notes
# John Stewart (footballer, born 1937)

John Barry Stewart (born 28 March 1937) is an English former professional footballer who played as a winger in the Football League for York City, in non-League football for Whitby Town, and was on the books of Darlington without making a league appearance.
# Cindi Di Natale

Cindi Di Natale is an Argentine racing cyclist. She competed in the 2013 UCI women's road race in Florence.
# Vicente Tuñacao

Vicente Tuñacao (born 3 April 1925) was a Filipino boxer. He competed in the men's welterweight event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# 228 BC

Year 228 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ruga and Verrucosus (or, less frequently, year 526 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 228 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Carthage

* The Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca is killed in a battle in Hispania, ending his lengthy campaign to conquer the Iberian Peninsula for Carthage. In eight years, by force of arms and diplomacy, he has secured an extensive territory in the Iberian Peninsula, but his death in battle prevents him from completing the conquest. Command of his army in the Iberian Peninsula passes to his son-in-law Hasdrubal.
* Hasdrubal makes immediate policy changes, emphasizing the use of diplomatic rather than military methods for expanding Carthaginian Hispania and dealing with Rome. He founds Carthago Nova or New Carthage (modern Cartagena) as his capital city.

#### Asia Minor

* King Attalus I Soter of Pergamum defeats Antiochus Hierax (brother of the Seleucid king Seleucus II) in three battles and thereby gains control over all the Seleucid domains in Anatolia except Cilicia in the southeast.

#### Greece

* The Illyrian queen Teuta's governor, Demetrius of Pharos has little alternative but to surrender to the overwhelming Roman force. In return, the Romans award him a considerable part of Teuta's holdings to counter-balance the power of Teuta. Meanwhile, the Roman army lands further north at Apollonia. The combined Roman army and fleet proceed northward together, subduing one town after another and besieging Shkodra, the Illyrian capital.
* Archidamus V, brother of the murdered Spartan King Agis IV, is called back to Sparta by the Agiad King Cleomenes III, who has no counterpart on the throne by then. However, Archidamus V is assassinated shortly after returning.

#### China

* The State of Qin, its armies led by Wang Jian, completes the conquest of the State of Zhao.
* The remnants of the Zhao monarchy form a remnant state in Dai.

## Deaths

* Ai of Chu, king of the Chu State (Warring States Period)
* Archidamus V, king of Sparta of the Eurypontid line
* Arsames I, king of Armenia, Sophene and Commagene
* Hamilcar Barca, Carthaginian general who has assumed command of the Carthaginian forces in Sicily during the last years of the First Punic War with Rome, helped Carthage win the Mercenary War and brought extensive territory in the Iberian Peninsula under Carthaginian control (b. c. 270 BC)
* You of Chu, king of the Chu State (Warring States Period)
# Antonije Bagaš

Anthony Bagaš, also known as Arsenije Bagaš (Serbian: Антоније Багаш; fl. 1366–1385), was a Serbian nobleman from Kastoria who retreated to Mount Athos in between 1356 and 1366, where he later bought and restored the ruined Athonite monastery of Saint Paul (Agiou Pavlou) with the help of Nikola-Gerasim Radonja (the son of sebastokrator Branko Mladenović) in the 1380s, becoming its abbott and taking the monastic name Arsenios (Arsenije). The two were successful in receiving donations from both the Byzantines and Serbs, and refurbishing the monastery with revenue from Serbian silver and gold mines, making it one of the major Serbian monasteries. He translated hagiographical works into Serbian.
He had a brother, Nikola, who in 1385 donated the monastery of Mesonesiotissa near Edessa, together with villages, churches and other property to the Saint Paul monastery of Arsenije. Some scholars believe that the Bagaš family was originally from Vranje in Serbia while some other scholars believe that historical sources do not confirm it.
# Meritus School of Osteopathic Medicine

The Meritus School of Osteopathic Medicine (MCOM) is a private medical school. The campus is located Hagerstown. The school was established in 2022, and holds pre-accreditation status with the American Osteopathic Association's Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation. The inaugural class is expected to consist of 90 students, with courses beginning in fall 2025. The school is affiliated with Meritus Health.

## History

The school was established in 2022, as the first medical school to open in Maryland in a century.

## Campus

Construction of the medical school began in 2022, with an estimated cost of $85-90 million.
# Wikielec, Iława County

Wikielec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Iława, within Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Iława and 68 km (42 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
# Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish (Taos, New Mexico)

Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish or Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe is a historic church adjacent to the Taos Plaza at 205 Don Fernando Street in downtown Taos, New Mexico.

## History

Having received permission from Durango, Mexico's Bishop Olivares built the Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe church in Taos as a Franciscan mission of San Geronimo Parish at the Taos Pueblo beginning on November 18, 1801. It was completed in 1802 and had adobe walls 3 to 4 feet thick and a flat roof. Fray José Benito Pereyro, OFM, served the church.
Padre Antonio José Martínez served the parish church beginning in August 1826. He was the first non-Franciscan priest. In 1833 it was commonly known as the "Padre Martinez church" and became a parish church under the patronage of Our Lady of Guadalupe by Bishop Zubiria of Durango. It was the first Our Lady of Guadalupe churches in what is now the United States. San Francisco de Asis Mission Church in Ranchos de Taos and San Geronimo Church at Taos Pueblo then became mission churches of the parish.
Martinez served the parish until 1857. About 1911, the parish building was considered to be irreparable and was demolished. A new church was built on the same site by John Baptist Pitaval, Archbishop of Santa Fe. It was organized by Father Joseph Giraud and was completed within the year. The parish was destroyed in an accidental fire on July 24, 1961.
A new church was built adjacent to the site of the former churches of southwestern adobe architecture with curved lines. It was dedicated December 1961 or on December 16, 1962 by Archbishop Edwin Byrne. Monsignor Charewicz was the parish priest until 1967. Father Robert Beach served the parish after Byrne.
Hung within each of the three churches has been a painting by Jose Santiago made in 1674 of Our Lady of Guadalupe that had been given to Padre Martinez as a gift.
In 2008 Our Lady of Guadalupe regained ownership of La Morada de Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe, a center of New Mexico Penitente Brotherhood, which was built on Taos Pueblo land.

## Overview

It is a parish church of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe and has missions at St. Jerome Church at Taos Pueblo, St. Theresa Chapel in El Prado, Immaculate Conception in Ranchitos, Our Lady of Sorrows in Cañon, New Mexico and San Antonio at La Loma Taos Indian Pueblo.

## Services

Masses are held daily.

## Feast Day

The feast day for the parish is December 12.

## Gallery

* Model of second church
# Gadolinium iodate

Gadolinium iodate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Gd(IO$_3$)$_3$. It is produced by reacting gadolinium metal with periodic acid at 180 °C. Its solubility in water is 0.893±0.002 (25 °C, 103 mol·dm$^{−3}$). Adding ethanol or methanol to water will reduce the solubility.
# Aldana López

Aldana López is an Argentine professional boxer. As an amateur, she participated at the 2022 IBA Women's World Boxing Championships, being awarded the bronze medal in the minimumweight event. López was the first and only person of her country to win a medal.

## Professional boxing record

| 10 fights | 10 wins | 0 losses |
| By decision | 10 | 0 |
| No. | Result | Record | Opponent | Type | Round, time | Date | Location | Notes |
| 10 | Win | 10–0 | Debora Gomez | UD | 10 | 17 Nov 2023 | Estadio F.A.B., Buenos Aires, Argentina | Retained FAB Argentinian female light flyweight title |
| 9 | Win | 9–0 | Carolina Ferrari | UD | 10 | 17 Jun 2023 | Club Social y Deportivo Sportivo Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Argentina | Won vacant FAB Argentinian female light flyweight title |
| 8 | Win | 8–0 | Maria Echenique | UD | 6 | 8 Apr 2023 | Gimnasio JCL, Merlo, Argentina | |
| 7 | Win | 7–0 | Carolina Ferrari | SD | 10 | 7 Jan 2023 | Plaza Dr. Bujan, Paso del Rey, Argentina | |
| 6 | Win | 6–0 | Fabiola Caporal Marquez | UD | 4 | 25 Nov 2022 | Mérida, Mexico | |
| 5 | Win | 5–0 | Lucrecia Belen Arrieta | UD | 6 | 20 Aug 2022 | Parque La Pedrera, Villa Mercedes, Argentina | |
| 4 | Win | 4–0 | Maria Echenique | UD | 6 | 18 Jun 2022 | Club Ferro Carril Oeste, Merlo, Argentina | |
| 3 | Win | 3–0 | Victoria Benavidez | UD | 4 | 30 Oct 2021 | Club Prado Español, Villa Nueva, Argentina | |
| 2 | Win | 2–0 | Lucia De Los Angeles Ruiz | UD | 4 | 14 Aug 2021 | Club Ferro Carril Oeste, Merlo, Argentina | |
| 1 | Win | 1–0 | Maria Florencia Cuello | SD | 4 | 15 May 2021 | Complejo Multifuncion, Pérez, Argentina | |
# Benjamin Enríquez

Benjamin Enríquez (30 September 1930 – 13 March 2014) was a Filipino boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Atiba Bradley

Atiba Bradley (born c. 1983) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Missouri Southern State University, a position he has held since 2020. He previously coached for Missouri, Quincy, Western Illinois, South Dakota, and McKendree. He played football for Missouri Southern as a linebacker.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Missouri Southern Lions (Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association) (2020–present) ||||||
| 2020–21 | Missouri Southern | 1–0 | 0–0 | N/A |
| 2021 | Missouri Southern | 3–8 | 3–8 | 10th |
| 2022 | Missouri Southern | 4–7 | 4–7 | T–8th |
| 2023 | Missouri Southern | 5–6 | 4–6 | T–7th |
| 2024 | Missouri Southern | 2–9 | 1–8 | 10th |
| Missouri Southern: | Missouri Southern: | 15–30 | 12–29 | |
| Total: | Total: | 15–30 | | |
# Carlos Canepa (swimmer)

Carlos Canepa (born 7 March 1943) is a Peruvian former freestyle and butterfly swimmer. He competed in three events at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Auðunn Blöndal

Auðunn Blöndal (Icelandic pronunciation:; born 8 July 1980) is an Icelandic television personality, actor and comedian. He is best known as the co-host of the comedy shows 70 mínútur and Strákarnir, and as the host of Tekinn, the Icelandic version of Ashton Kutcher's show Punk'd. He also starred in the comedy series Svínasúpan (English: The Pig Soup), and in the Icelandic production of Richard Herring's, known as Typpatal in Icelandic.

## Filmography

* The Big Rescue (2009) – Bully
* The Magic Wardrobe (2011)
* Víti í Vestmannaeyjum (2018)
* Gullregn (2020) – Orri
* Cop Secret (2021) – Bússi
# Wiktorowo, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship

Wiktorowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gronowo Elbląskie, within Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Gronowo Elbląskie, 10 km (6 mi) north-west of Elbląg, and 89 km (55 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.