# Eino Tamberg

Eino Tamberg (27 May 1930 – 24 December 2010) was an Estonian composer whose works are performed internationally. He composed operas such as Cyrano de Bergerac, four symphonies, and several concertos. He taught composition for decades at the Estonian Academy of Music.

## Life

Tamberg was born in Tallinn. He studied composition with Eugen Kapp at the Tallinn Conservatory, graduating in 1953. He worked as music director at the Tallinn Drama Theatre from 1952, and as a sound engineer for the Estonian Radio from 1953 to 1957. As a composer, he first became known with his song cycle Viis romanssi Sándor Petöfi luulele (1955) based on poetry by Sándor Petőfi, and with his Concerto Grosso (1956), for which he won a gold medal at an international music festival in Moscow. Tamberg was an important initiator of the anti-romantic composition movement of the late 1950s. His vision for music composition belonged to the so-called New Wave in Estonian music. He became more known outside Estonia from approximately 1960, writing music for a large variety of genres, but in particular for theatre and symphonic music.
Since 1969, he has taught at the Estonian Academy of Music, where he was appointed professor in 1983. Among his students were Raimo Kangro, Margo Kõlar, Urmas Lattikas, Alo Mattiisen, Toivo Tulev, Peeter Vähi and Mari Vihmand. For the 1997/98 season he was composer-in-residence with the Estonian National Symphony Orchestra. He died in Tallinn.

## Work

Tamberg was one of the most important representatives of neoclassicism in Estonian music, though his later works were more expressionistic in style. Two of Tamberg's notable works are the ballet Joanna tentata (1971) and the Trumpet Concerto No. 1 (1972). The Trumpet Concerto remains one of his most popular works and was performed not only in Europe, but also in New York, Hong Kong and Singapore, and was recorded by Philip Smith with The New York Philharmonic and by Håkan Hardenberger. Tamberg also wrote four symphonies, a violin concerto (1981), saxophone concerto (1987), clarinet concerto (1996), a second trumpet concerto (1997), bassoon concerto (2000) and cello concerto (2001).
His second opera, Cyrano de Bergerac, premiered in 1976. This romantic work shows the influence of early Baroque conventions and bel canto singing. It consists of three acts and an epilogue (Op. 45) and was written in 1974 using a libretto by Jaan Kross, based on the play by Edmond Rostand.
On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations in 1995, he wrote his Celebration Fanfares, which premiered in New York City and was conducted by Neeme Järvi. He was awarded an Estonian State Cultural Award in 2007 for his lifetime achievements.

### Compositions

* Vürst Gabriel (Prince Gabriel), suite, 1955
* Concerto Grosso, Op. 5, 1956
* Ballet Symphony, 1959
* Poiss ja liblikas (The Boy and the Butterfly), ballet, 1963
* Raudne kodu (Iron Home), opera, 1965
* Music for the film Külmale maale (To the Cold Land), 1965
* Joanna tentata, ballet, 1970
* Trumpet Concerto, 1972
* Cyrano de Bergerac, opera, 1974
* Symphony No. 1, 1978
* Amores, oratorio, 1981
* Symphony No. 2, 1982
* Lend (The Fly), opera, 1983
* Symphony No. 3, 1987
* Fanfare (Celebration Fanfares), 1995
* Sentimental Journey with a Clarinet, 1996
* Desiderium Concordia (Longing for Unity), after 1997
* Symphony No. 4, 1998