OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pembroke

Pembroke may refer to:

## Places
### Australia

* Electoral division of Pembroke, an electoral division in Tasmania
* Pembroke Land District, formerly Pembroke County, Tasmania

### Bermuda

* Pembroke Parish

### Canada

* Pembroke, West Hants, Nova Scotia
* Pembroke, Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia
* Pembroke, Ontario

### Republic of Ireland

* Pembroke, Dublin, a former township that is now part of the city of Dublin

### Malta

* Pembroke, Malta

### New Zealand

* Pembroke, the former name of Wānaka in Central Otago
* Pembroke, New Zealand, a settlement northwest of Stratford, Taranaki
* Mount Pembroke, a mountain in Fiordland

### United States

* Pembroke, Georgia
* Pembroke, Indiana
* Pembroke, Kentucky
* Pembroke, Maine
* Pembroke, Massachusetts
** North Pembroke, Massachusetts
* Pembroke, New Hampshire
* Pembroke, New York
* Pembroke, North Carolina
* Pembroke, Virginia
* Pembroke Manor, Virginia, subdivision of Virginia Beach
* Pembroke Park, Florida
* Pembroke Pines, Florida
* Pembroke Township, Kankakee County, Illinois

### Wales

* Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, a town in southwest Wales
* Pembroke Dock, a town in southwest Wales
* Pembrokeshire, a county in southwest Wales
* Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, a national park in southwest Wales

## Institutions

* Pembroke College, Cambridge
* Pembroke College, Oxford
* Pembroke College in Brown University
* Pembroke School, Adelaide, a school in South Australia
* Pembroke School, Pembrokeshire, Wales
* University of North Carolina at Pembroke
* Pembroke House of Kearsney College in South Africa

## Others

* Earl of Pembroke
* Fort Pembroke, a polygonal fort in Malta
* HMS Pembroke, the name of eight ships of the Royal Navy
* Pembroke (novel), an 1894 novel by Mary E. Wilkins Freeman
* Pembroke Battery, a former battery in Malta
* Pembroke Castle, Wales
* Pembroke cattle
* Pembroke Players, a student drama society at the Cambridge University
* Pembroke Power Station, Wales
* Pembroke RFC, a rugby football club
* Pembroke Lea Thom (died 1901), American politician from Maryland
* Pembroke Welsh Corgi, a breed of dog
* Percival Pembroke, an aircraft
# John Walters (lawyer)

John Robert Walters (born 7 July 1956) is a retired Namibian lawyer, serving as ombudsman from 2004 to 2021.

## Early life and education

Walters, a Namibian Coloured by descent, was born on 7 July 1956 in Karasburg, South West Africa. From 1971 he attended Dr Lemmer High School in Rehoboth from which he obtained matric in 1974. He wanted to study medicine but failed to obtain the special permit that was necessary during apartheid for a person of color to study at a Whites-only university. He eventually settled for law studies at the University of the Western Cape (UWC) in Cape Town, South Africa, which was a tertiary education institution for colored people but did not have a school of medicine.
Walters started tertiary education in 1975, and in 1980 graduated with an LLB from UWC.

## Career

In 1981 Walters started working as a prosecutor in the Keetmanshoop magistrate court. In 1985 he was appointed magistrate in Windhoek, and in 1990 he was appointed state prosecutor in the Office of the Prosecutor General. He was only the second non-White admitted as lawyer in South West Africa. Walters worked in the private sector from 1996 until he became acting prosecutor general in 2002. In July 2004 he became Namibia's third ombudsman, a position he held until his retirement in 2021. On 1 October his successor Basilius Dyakugha was appointed.
Walters served as vice president of the International Ombudsman Institute in 2012, and as president in 2014, achievements that he regards "the highest accolade of my career".

## Private life

Walters is married to Althia. He has four brothers and three sisters.
He was an active rugby player in his youth, starting at Dr Lemmer High School in 1973. Soon known as "Big John" due to his physical size, and playing in the lock position, Walters continued to play at the University of the Western Cape, winning the regional Tygerberg Rugby Union league, and subsequently the South African Rugby Cup, in 1978. He was captain of his university team. After completion of his studies he played for Windhoek's Western Suburbs club. After his active rugby career he became the first vice-president of the Namibia Rugby Union (NRU) upon its foundation in 1990. He only served for one year. Walters also served on the board of the Namibia Sports Commission.
# Natsuko Doi

Natsuko Doi (born 15 March 1979 in Sapporo) is a Japanese snowboarder. She placed 14th in the women's snowboard cross event at the 2010 Winter Olympics.
# Leonard Kerquki

Leonard Kerquki (b. 1981) is editor-in-chief of Gazeta Express and author of Zona Express. He was born in Gjakova, but now lives in Ulcinj. Kerquki's career started in radio and then he worked for two years (2004-2006) as a journalist in the “Lajm” daily. Since 2006. Kerquki has worked for newspaper “Express” of which he was editor and editor-in-chief. He also runs www.gazetaexpress.com, a news portal in Kosovo. For two years, Kerquki has been a member of the Board of Association of Professional Journalists of Kosovo (APJK). Also, he has performed many study tours abroad. Kerquki studied journalism and he works as well as trainer of journalists in various workshops and seminars, dealing with ethics in journalism. He is also known as a political analyst and runs a political TV show.
# 1885 college football season

The 1885 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Princeton as having been selected national champions. The season was notable for one of the most celebrated football plays of the 19th century - a 90-yard punt return by Henry "Tillie" Lamar of Princeton in the closing minutes of the game against Yale. Trailing 5–0, Princeton dropped two men back to receive a Yale punt. The punt glanced off one returner's shoulder and was caught by the other, Lamar, on the dead run. Lamar streaked down the left sideline, until hemmed in by two Princeton players, then cut sharply to the middle of the field, ducking under their arms and breaking loose for the touchdown. After the controversy of a darkness-shortened Yale-Princeton championship game the year before that was ruled "no contest," a record crowd turned out for the 1885 game. For the first time, the game was played on one of the campuses instead of at a neutral site, and emerged as a major social event, attracting ladies to its audience as well as students and male spectators. The Lamar punt return furnished the most spectacular ending to any football game played to that point, and did much to popularize the sport of college football to the general public.

## Conference and program changes

| School | 1884 Conference | 1885 Conference |
| Williams Ephs | Independent | Northern Intercollegiate Football Association |
| Tufts Jumbos | Independent | Northern Intercollegiate Football Association |

## Conference standings

The following is a potentially incomplete list of conference standings:
# Michel Charasse

Michel Charasse (8 July 1941 – 21 February 2020) was a member of the French Senate. He represented the Puy-de-Dôme department, and was a member of the Socialist Party.
On 24 February 2010, French President Nicolas Sarkozy nominated him as a member of the Constitutional Council.
# John Salmon (bishop)

John Salmon (died 1325) was a medieval Bishop of Norwich.

## Life

Salmon's family was hereditary goldsmiths to the diocese of Ely. His parents were Salomon and Alice, and he was the eldest of three brothers. He entered the Benedictine priory of Ely sometime before 1291. He was subprior of Ely Cathedral before his election to be Prior of Ely in 1292.
Salmon was elected to the see of Ely in 1298 but King Edward I of England objected, wanting the monks to elect his chancellor John Langton instead. Each side appealed to Rome, and both elections were quashed by Pope Boniface VIII on 5 June 1299. As a consolation, he was provided to the see of Norwich between 5 and 18 June 1299 as he was still prior on 5 June. He was consecrated on 15 November 1299.
In 1307 Salmon helped arrange the marriage of the new king, Edward II, and in 1309 he was sent by the king to Rome to obtain the return from exile of Piers Gaveston. On 20 March 1311 he was elected one of the Lords Ordainers to help King Edward II govern. Over the next few years he was often in the king's service, being sent on diplomatic missions and negotiating with the earl of Lancaster for the king.
Salmon occupied the office of Lord Chancellor of England from 1320 to 1323. He accompanied the king on his travels, and helped negotiate with France and Scotland. He resigned the office in 1323 due to ill health, but continued to work on the king's behalf.
Salmon died on 6 July 1325 at Folkestone while returning from a diplomatic mission in France. He was buried in Norwich Cathedral.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Buck "Salmon, John" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
* ↑ Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Ely: Priors
* 1 2 Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Ely: Bishops Archived 14 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
* 1 2 3 Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 261
* ↑ Greenway British History Online Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Norwich: Bishops Archived 14 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
* ↑ Powell and Wallis House of Lords p. 275 and footnote 78
* ↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 86
# Warwan Valley

The Warwan Valley is a Himalayan sub-valley and a tehsil in Kishtwar District in the Jammu division in union territory of Jammu and Kashmir in India. The Valley lies 68 kilometres (42 mi) northeast of Kishtwar and 150 kilometres (93 mi) from Srinagar, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir.
It falls under the jurisdiction of Kishtwar district in Marwah sub-Division of Jammu and Kashmir.

## Geology

The Warwan Valley is drained by the Warwan River. It is a river formed by the confluence of the Batkot and Gumbar streams. The river is called Marusudar in the lower reaches of the valley and is the biggest right tributary of the Chenab River which in turn is a tributary of the Indus River system.
A geological mapping survey has revealed that the Warwan Valley has experienced three distinct phases of folding in polyphase deformation.
Stratigraphic succession from oldest to youngest: :
| Proterozoic | Paleozoic | Triassic | Jurassic |
| Salkhala Group | Ramsu-Machhal Formation Lolab Formation Karihul Formation Margan Formation Muth Quartzite Syringothyris Limestone Fenestella Shale Agglomeratic Slate Panjal Volcanics Zewan Formation | Khunamuh Formation Khrew Formation Wuyan Formation | Drumgam Formation |

## Geography

The Warwan is a Himalayan valley situated at an altitude of 2,134 m (7,001 ft) above sea level. It is bordered by main Kashmir Valley in the north and Ladakh in the east. Its parent district Kishtwar lies in the south. A few villages are Sukhnai, Margi, Busmina, Aftee and Inshan. Its main crops are wheat, paddy, trumba, potatoes etc. Its soil is not fertile as such it is sandy. Warwan valley receives a huge amount of snowfall in winters as it is at altitude of 2134 m above sea level.

## Religion

The region has a Muslim majority population, with a significant Hindu minority.
Religion in Marwah (2011)

## Language

The vast majority of the population speaks Kashmiri.
Languages of Marwah (2011)

## Flora and fauna

About 75% of the valley remains under vegetation-cover and a total of 285 plant species, belonging to 191 genera in 60 families were recorded in a floristic survey, conducted in 2015. Among these plant species, 26 are categorised as threatened. The main flowering season in the valley is June to July. The valley is rich in medicinal plants, which are used to treat ailments of the local people.

## Accessibility

Warwan Valley is one of the most remote valleys of Jammu and Kashmir and it suffers from a lack of access to proper roads, communication facilities and electricity. The valley remains cut off for about six or seven months every year due to heavy snowfall. In 2016, Margi village of the valley got completely destroyed by fire.
# Syed Manzoor ul Hassan Hashmi

Syed Manzoor ul Hassan Hashmi (31 March 1936 – 20 December 2000) was squadron leader in the Pakistan Air Force. He served in the 1965 and 1971 wars. He was a recipient of the Sitara-e-Jurat.

## Career

Hashmi joined the RPAF College, Risalpur in October 1954. He completed his fighter training at Mauripur, he joined the No 15 squadron. He later served in the No 11 and No 9 squadrons as well.
Starting his career as Flight Lieutenant, Hashmi was awarded the Sitara-e-Jurat in 1965. His citation reads as follows: "Flight lieutenant Syed Manzoorul Hasan Hashmi flew 20 strike and 2 air defence missions against the enemy. His strikes were directed against enemy concentrations on Jummu, Sialkot, Wagha-Kasur sectors. He led his mission in a most competent manner and achieved considerable success against heavily defended enemy areas. His own aircraft was hit on six occasions by Ack Ack and small arms fire but, undaunted, he pursued his attacks on the enemy. His formation achieved notable success on 21 September 1965, in which he destroyed many heavy guns of the enemy which were shelling Lahore and earned him deep appreciation on own army's Area Commander. His cool, courageous and operational leadership in complete disregard to his own safety in the face of heavy enemy fire and devotion to duty are commendable. Hashmi is awarded Sitara-i-Juraat."

## Death

Hashmi died on 20 December 2000 due to a heart attack. He was laid to rest in his native town in Jhelum District.

## Gallery

* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors
* Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors

## Awards and decorations

| Sitara-e-Jurat (Star of Courage) | Tamgha-e-Diffa (General Service Medal) | Tamgha-e-Diffa (General Service Medal) | Sitara-e-Harb 1965 War (War Star 1965) |
| Sitara-e-Harb 1971 War (War Star 1971) | Tamgha-e-Jang 1965 War (War Medal 1965) | Tamgha-e-Jang 1971 War (War Medal 1971) | Tamgha-e-Jamhuria (Republic Commemoration Medal) 1956 |
# Mohamed Meddeb

Mohamed Meddeb (born 9 August 1981) is a Tunisian former athlete specializing in the shot put.
His personal best of 18.51 metres (2006) is the current national record. He finished 3rd in the shot put at the African Championships in Athletics in both 2002 and 2006.
# I Wanna (Marie N song)

"I Wanna" is a song composed and recorded by Latvian singer Marie N with lyrics written by herself and Marats Samauskis. It represented Latvia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 held in Tallinn, resulting in the country's only ever win at the contest.

## Background
### Conception

"I Wanna", initially titled as "I Wonna", was composed and recorded by Marie N, with lyrics by herself and Marats Samauskis. The lyrics are relatively simple, with the singer telling her lover that she wants to control their relationship.

### Eurovision

On 2 March 2002, "I Wonna" performed by Marie N competed in Eirodziesma 2002, the national final organised by Latvijas Televīzija (LTV) to select its song and performer for the 47th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. The song won the competition so it became the Latvian entry –and Marie N the performer– for Eurovision.
On 25 May 2002, the Eurovision Song Contest was held at the Saku Suurhall in Tallinn hosted by Eesti Televisioon (ETV), and broadcast live throughout the continent. Marie N performed "I Wanna" twenty-third on the evening, following Slovenia's "Samo ljubezen" by Sestre and preceding Lithuania's "Happy You" by Aivaras.
At the close of voting, the song had received 176 points, placing first in a field of twenty-four, winning the contest. It marked Latvia's first –and only to date– win in the contest.
The song is memorable for Marie's performance. She began wearing a suit –black in Eirodziesma, white in Eurovision– and a trilby hat, which was removed by one of her dancers. As the song continued, other dancers removed her suit jacket and her shirt, revealing the top of a red dress. The suit trousers were then removed, revealing the bottom half of the short dress. On the final beat of the song, the hem was pulled, revealing the dress to be much longer. This visual performance was also supported by a salsa-style song, which made full use of the more up-beat tempos increasingly finding success in the contests. The song, however, was a commercial failure both in Latvia and Europe.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2002) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 15 |
# Uzhhorod Castle

Uzhhorod Castle (Ukrainian: Ужгородський замок; Hungarian: Ungvári vár) is an extensive citadel on a hill in Uzhhorod, Ukraine. It was built in a mixture of architectural styles and materials between the 13th and 18th centuries and figured heavily in the history of Hungary. The very name of Uzhhorod/Ungvár refers to the castle, translating as "the Uzh castle".
The earliest stone buildings on the site of the castle may be dated to the 13th century. Charles I of Hungary gave the castle grounds to his Italian supporters from the Drugeth family. They erected a rectangular defensive structure with rhomboid bastions that recalled the castles of South Italy.
The fortification, augmented in the 16th and 17th centuries, underwent numerous sieges (the last one by Francis II Rákóczi in 1703-04) but was never taken. In the 18th century, it was modernised under the supervision of Lemaire, a military engineer from France.
As the male line of the Drugeth family died out in 1691, Kristina Drugeth, heiress to the vast Drugeth dominions, married Count Miklós Bercsényi, making him the third richest man in Hungary. Bercsényi, remembered as a key figure in Rákóczi's War of Independence, resided in the fortified palace within the castle. It was there that he treated with the ambassadors of Peter the Great and Louis XIV concerning the establishment of an anti-Habsburg alliance. In 1711, Bercsényi fled Hungary and his estates were confiscated to the Austrian crown.
As the need for a military stronghold in the area declined with the extension of the Habsburg dominions further to the east, Ungvár Castle was given over to the Ruthenian Greek-Catholic Church which opened a school there. In 1728 and 1879, fire ravaged the castle grounds.
# Zanele Nhlapho

Zanele Portia Nhlapho (born 24 June 1991) is a South African soccer player who plays as a defender for SAFA Women's League club Mamelodi Sundowns, where she is the current captain, and the South Africa women's national team.

## Club career
### KF Apolonia

In 2019, she played for Albanian Women's National Championship side KF Apolonia Fier during the 2019/20 season when the side finished second in their league.

### KFF Mitrovica

In 2020, she signed for Kosovo Women's Football League side KFF Mitrovica but the deal fall through due to COVID-19.

### Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies

She then joined SAFA Women's League side Mamelodi Sundowns and captained the side that won the 2021 CAF Women's Champions League and were runner's up for the 2022 CAF Women's Champions League.
In 2021, she was nominated for the CAF Women Interclub Player of the Year award and made it to the 2021 CAF Women’s Champions League's team of the tournament.
She captained the club to their second continental titles, the 2023 CAF Women's Champions League and 2023 Cosafa Women's Champions League, and was added to the team of the tournament for 2023. They also won the 2023 Hollywoodbets Super League title.

## Honours

Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies
* SAFA Women's League: 2013,2015, 2021,2022, 2023
* CAF Women's Champions League: 2021, 2023 runner-up: 2022
KF Apolonia Fier
* Albanian Women's National Championship: runners-up: 2019/20

### Individual

* CAF Women's Champions League Team of the Tournament: 2021, 2023
# Iris ensata

Iris ensata, the Japanese iris or Japanese water iris (Japanese: hanashōbu), formerly I. kaempferi, is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae, native to Japan, China, Korea and Russia, and widely cultivated as an ornamental plant. "Japanese iris" may also refer to I. sanguinea and I. laevigata, both native to Japan.

## Description

Iris ensata is an erect rhizomatous herbaceous perennial growing to 80 cm (31 in) tall, with strap-shaped leaves. The flower, appearing in midsummer, is purple with a flash of yellow on the falls. The bluish purple color of the flowers is an example of the copigmentation phenomenon.

## Habitat

Widely distributed throughout the Japanese archipelago and elsewhere, I. ensata is very hardy down to −20 °C (−4 °F). It prefers a boggy or marshy environment and soil with a low (acidic) pH. In favourable conditions it will eventually form sizable clumps.

## Cultivation

Iris ensata is extensively grown as an ornamental plant in gardens and parks throughout the temperate zones of the world.
Iris ensata is highly prized in Japan. It is possible that it was introduced into Japanese culture in ancient times, in association with rice farming. Certainly it has been cultivated and hybridised there for at least five centuries. The hanashōbu (ハナショウブ, 花菖蒲, Iris ensata var. ensata  [ja], syn. I. ensata var. hortensis, I. kaempferi) grows in the wet land and is the most extensively cultivated variety in Japanese gardens. According to the place where it was cultivated, I. ensata is classified into three strains – the Edo (Tokyo), Higo (Kumamoto Prefecture) and Ise (Mie Prefecture).
Upon being introduced to the west in the mid-19th century, a new chapter was opened in the cultivation of this species. In America it was intensively hybridised to produce many new cultivars. Perhaps the most influential breeders in the United States have been Arlie Payne of Indiana, the Marx family of Oregon, Arthur Hazzard of Michigan, and Currier McEwan of Maine. Between them they have produced plants with large blooms and a wide range of colours. In the UK interest in this plant has been equally strong. The national collection is held at the Marwood Hill Gardens in Barnstaple, Devon.
The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:
* 'Aldridge Visitor'
* 'Alpine Majesty'
* 'Barr Purple East'
* 'Caprician Butterfly'
* 'Crystal Halo'
* 'Flying Tiger'
* 'Frilled Enchantment'
* 'The Great Mogul'
* 'Hue and Cry'
* 'Katy Mendez'
* 'The Mancunian'
* 'Returning Tide'
* 'Rose Queen'
* 'Southern Son'
* 'Variegata'

## Gallery

* Hanashōbu at Meigetsu‑in
* Iris ensata var. ensata
* 'Narihira'
* 'Arctic Fancy'
# 1860 in philosophy
## Publications

* Nikolay Chernyshevsky, The Anthropological Principle in Philosophy

## Births

* John Stuart Mackenzie (died 1935)
* January 6 - George Stout (died 1944)

## Deaths

* March 23 - Joseph Franz Molitor (born 1779)
* September 21 - Arthur Schopenhauer (born 1788)
* October 5 - Aleksey Khomyakov (born 1804)
* December 27 - Dominik Szulc (born 1787)