OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# American Society of Equity

The American Society of Equity or Farmers Equity was an American agricultural cooperative and political organization, founded in 1902, which aimed to organize farmers as a "Third Power" in the United States, able to compete with capital and organized labor on equal terms. Equity inspired the creation of many farmers' cooperatives still in existence. Equity forces became involved in the politics of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Dakota, leading in the latter state to the eventual rise of the Nonpartisan League. Leaders of Equity (such as U.S. Senator Magnus Johnson and Wisconsin State Senator Henry Kleist) were elected to numerous local political offices.

## History

This society was organized by James A. Everitt at Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1902, to see to it that justice was done to the farmer and the consumer. Its principal aim was to "assist the farmer financially, socially, politically, and industrially." To this end, it demanded equitable prices for all farm products, equal rights for the farmers with their urban fellow-citizens, adequate influence in legislation, and such returns in the pursuit of agriculture as were reaped in industrial pursuits. Equitable prices were to be determined by the cost of production, plus a fair and reasonable profit. The cost of production included: interest on capital invested, taxes on real estate and personal property, labor, seed, insurance, wear and tear, transportation to markets and other items of expense incident to the management of a farm. These equitable prices were to be obtained by co-operative control of the markets by the producers, by regulating deliveries and sales, and by preventing so-called dumping or glutting. Farm products were to be offered for sale as the demand warrants, or by pooling for direct sales (this system was adopted by tobacco growers). Socially, farmers and their families were to be brought into closer contact, in order to promote the community spirit. Meetings were held, entertainments were given, and picnics arranged. Women's auxiliaries assisted in this work. Politically, the farmers were taught to be more active and to take a greater interest in local, State, and national affairs. The Society was non-partisan and non-sectarian. Political and religious discussions were not tolerated at its meetings. By conducting the meetings in accordance with parliamentary rules, the members were to be educated and trained sufficiently to fill public offices efficiently, when elected to them, and to represent their constituents effectively. Industrially, the farmers were taught the importance of agriculture, the need of accounting, and the benefits to be derived from more modern methods. By increasing the farmers' remuneration or income, better homes were to be provided, to keep the children on the farm and to give them a start on farms of their own. The headquarters of the Society were at Indianapolis.
The Archbishops of the United States, at their meeting in 1914, decided that the Society of Equity was not a secret society forbidden to Catholics.
In 1934, the Society merged into the Farmers' Union.
# Balyeku Moses Grace

Balyeku Moses Grace is a Ugandan politician and businessman. He is the former member of parliament for Jinja west constituency. He is the proprietor of Baba TV and Baba FM. He was unveiled the vice chairperson of MK movement in 2023.

## Political career

Balyeku was in 2010 elected as the National Resistance Movement (NRM) chairperson Jinja District. During the 2011 general elections, Balyeku contested for the Jinja west member of parliament seat against FDC's Harry Kasigwa who was the incumbent at the time. Other contestants included Fred Kasisa (NRM), Simon Muyanga Lutaaya (FDC), and Zaake Kibedi (NRM) among others.
He was in 2019 investigated in land issues but was later cleared by the Catherine Bamugemereire land commission.
While still in parliament, Balyeku advocated for local investors to be recognised and helped by the government. He also used to support traders mostly women SACCOs in his constituency.
In 2020, he returned the shs 20 million which had been given to members of parliament to aid them in the fight against COVID-19.
In the 2021 elections, Balyeku Moses Grace lost the parliamentary seat to FDC's Timothy Batuwa.
# Rulon C. Allred

Rulon Clark Allred (March 29, 1906 – May 10, 1977) was an American homeopath and chiropractor in Salt Lake City and the leader of what is now the Apostolic United Brethren, a breakaway sect of polygamous Mormon fundamentalists in Utah, Colorado, and Arizona, United States. He was murdered on the orders of Ervil LeBaron, the head of a rival polygamous sect.
# 479 BC

Year 479 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Vibulanus and Rutilus (or, less frequently, year 275 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 479 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Greece

* The Persian commander Mardonius, now based in Thessaly, wins support from Argus and western Arcadia. He tries to win over Athens, but fails.
* Mardonius attacks Athens once more and the Athenians are forced to retreat, whereupon he razes the city. The Spartans march north to support Athens against the Persians.
* August 27
** The Battle of Plataea in Boeotia ends the Persian invasions of Greece as the Persian general Mardonius is routed by the Greeks under Pausanias, nephew of the former Spartan King, Leonidas I. The Athenian contingent is led by the repatriated Aristides. Mardonius is killed in the battle and the Greeks capture enormous amounts of loot. Thebes is captured shortly thereafter and the Theban collaborators executed by Pausanias.
** Meanwhile at sea, the Persians are defeated by a Greek fleet headed by Leotychidas of Sparta and Xanthippus of Athens in the Battle of Mycale, on the coast of Ionia in Asia Minor.
* Potidaea is struck by a tsunami.
* In 479 BC, when Persian soldiers besieged the Greek city of Potidaea, the tide retreated much further than usual, leaving a convenient invasion route, but this was not a stroke of luck. Before they had crossed halfway, the water returned in a wave higher than anyone had ever seen, drowning the attackers. The Potiidaeans believed they had been saved by the wrath of Poseidon, but what really saved them was likely the same phenomenon that has destroyed countless others: a tsunami.

#### Rome

* The Roman consul Caeso Fabius proposed an agrarian law to distribute land won in recent wars amongst the plebs, but this was rejected by the senate.
* Ongoing hostilities between Rome and the Aequi. No major battle is fought.
* Ongoing hostilities between Rome and Veii. The family of the Fabii requests and is granted sole responsibility for the war, and the Fabii march from Rome, establishing a fortified camp at the Cremera.

## Deaths

* August 27: Mardonius, Persian general (killed in the Battle of Plataea)
* Confucius, Chinese philosopher (b. 551 BC)
# Petros Saroglos

Petros Saroglos or Saroglou (Greek: Πέτρος Σάρογλος/Σαρόγλου; Athens, 1864 – Loutraki, 1920) was a Greek military officer, collector and benefactor.

## Biography

Born in Athens, Petros Saroglos was a member of a wealthy Greek merchant family previously active in the Danubian Principalities. At the age of 14 he entered the Hellenic Military Academy, and graduated 7 years later as second lieutenant of artillery. He fought during the Greco-Turkish War of 1897 but the following year left the army, becoming a reservist. A proponent of the irredentist Megali Idea, he was involved in the Macedonian Struggle and later returned to action during the Balkan Wars and the First World War.
Saroglos was also an avid collector and a benefactor. His wealth enabled him to create an important and varied collection which included weapons, artworks (mainly paintings of Nikiforos Lytras, Nikolaos Gyzis, Konstantinos Volanakis and others), ancient coins, jewelry, furniture, taxidermied animal heads etc. from all over the world. He also donated significant amounts to schools, hospitals and Greek Orthodox parishes.
Saroglos died of a heart attack in 1920 in Loutraki, a seaside resort close to Athens. According to his will, the Hellenic Armed Forces Officers Club inherited the vast majority of his fortune.
Nowadays his collections are exhibited in various museums and cultural institutions including the Numismatic Museum of Athens, Byzantine and Christian Museum, Athens War Museum, Goulandris Natural History Museum as well as the Sarogleio Mansion, the building of the Hellenic Armed Forces Officers Club in Athens, constructed from 1928 until 1932 through Saroglos' bequest.
# Karsaa

Karsaa (Arabic: كرسعة) is a Syrian village located in Kafr Nabl Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Karsaa had a population of 969 in the 2004 census.
# 1939 Central Michigan Bearcats football team

The 1939 Central Michigan Bearcats football team represented Central Michigan College of Education, later renamed Central Michigan University, as an independent during the 1939 college football season. In their third season under head coach Ron Finch, the Bearcats compiled an 8–1 record, shut out six opponents, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 167 to 40. The team's sole loss was by a 20–7 score to Gus Dorais' 1939 Detroit Titans football team.
Central Michigan was ranked at No. 159 (out of 609 teams) in the final Litkenhous Ratings for 1939.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 22 | at Detroit | University of Detroit StadiumDetroit, MI | L 7–20 | 21,500 |
| September 29 | at Ferris Institute | Big Rapids, MI | W 20–0 | |
| September 30 | Northern Illinois | Alumni FieldMount Pleasant, MI | W 6–0 | |
| October 6 | Northern State Teachers (MI) | Alumni FieldMount Pleasant, MI | W 37–0 | |
| October 14 | at Eastern Kentucky | Richmond, KY | W 18–14 | |
| October 21 | at Michigan State Normal | Briggs FieldYpsilanti, MI (rivalry) | W 14–0 | 5,000 |
| October 27 | Ball State | Alumni FieldMount Pleasant, MI | W 7–0 | |
| November 11 | Wayne | Alumni FieldMount Pleasant, MI | W 33–6 | 5,500 |
| | Grand Rapids | Alumni FieldMount Pleasant, MI | W 25–0 | |
| Homecoming ||||||
# Chimidiin Gochoosüren

Chimidiin Gochoosüren (born 13 April 1953) is a Mongolian wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 82 kg at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Tonči Valčić

Tonči Valčić (born 9 June 1978) is a Croatian former professional handball player.
He was a member of the Croatia national team at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

## Playing career

Valčić began his career in Croatian powerhouse RK Zagreb where he has played for the majority of this career.
Valčić played for three seasons in Germany for TV Grosswallstadt. He also played in Spain for CB Torrevieja and CB Ademar León before returning to Croatia.
Valčić debuted for the national team at the 1999 World Men's Handball Championship in Egypt.
He played for the national team from 1999 to 2010 winning the 2003 World Men's Handball Championship and coming to the finals of 2008 European Men's Handball Championship, 2009 World Men's Handball Championship and 2010 European Men's Handball Championship.

## Coaching career

After end of playing career he became an assistant coach under the staff of Lino Červar in RK Zagreb, during the 2018–19 season.

## Personal life

His younger brother is Josip Valčić.

## Honours
### Zagreb

* Premier League
** Winner (13): 1996-97, 1997-98, 1998-99, 1999-00, 2008-09, 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17
* Croatian Cup
** Winner (13): 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017
* SEHA League
** Winner (1): 2012-13
** Third place (4): 2011-12, 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16

### CB Torrevieja

* Honor B
** Promotion (1): 2003-04
# 1964 United States Senate election in Hawaii

Elections in Hawaii :
Federal government
Presidential elections
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Hawaiian Kingdom era
House of Representatives
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Ballot measures
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Amendment 1 :
Honolulu
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The 1964 United States Senate election in Hawaii took place on November 3, 1964.
Incumbent Republican U.S Senator Hiram Fong was re-elected to a second term in office, defeating Democratic U.S. Representative Thomas Gill.

## Republican primary
### Candidates

* Hiram Fong, incumbent Senator
* Frank Troy, Democratic candidate for Senate in 1962

### Results

Republican Senate primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Hiram Fong (inc.) | 31,770 | 95.25% |
| | Republican | Frank Troy | 1,586 | 4.75% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 33,356 | 100.00% |

## Democratic primary
### Candidates

* Thomas Gill, U.S. Representative
* Joseph Petrowski
* Nadao Yoshinaga, State Senator from Maui

### Results

Democratic Senate primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Thomas Gill | 71,298 | 63.97% |
| | Democratic | Nadao Yoshinaga | 37,253 | 33.42% |
| | Democratic | Joseph Petrowski | 2,904 | 2.61% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 111,455 | 100.00% |

## General election
### Results

1964 United States Senate election in Hawaii :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Republican | Hiram Fong (incumbent) | 110,747 | 53.04% | 1.96 |
| | Democratic | Thomas Gill | 96,789 | 46.35% | 1.93 |
| | Independent | Lawrence Domine | 1,278 | 0.61% | N/A |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 208,814 | 100.00% | |
# Alexander Borteh

Alex Borteh is a professional poker player who won a World Series of Poker bracelet in a World Series of Poker event, the $3,000 Limit Hold'em event. Borteh has cashed in four WSOP events and made two final tables. In 2005, he finished in 3rd place in the $1,500 Limit Hold'em Shootout event. Borteh prefers limit hold'em to no-limit hold'em, considering the former a game that requires more skill.
Before becoming a poker player, Borteh finished second at the 2001 World Championship for Magic: The Gathering This was the tournament in which fellow bracelet winner David Williams was disqualified because of marked cards.
Borteh graduated from Olentangy High School, which is in Lewis Center, Ohio, in 2001. He earned a degree in philosophy from Ohio State University.
As of 2008, his live tournament winnings exceed $320,000.

## World Series of Poker bracelets

| Year | Tournament | Prize (US$) |
| 2007 | $3,000 Limit Hold'em | $225,483 |
# Lweibdeh, Syria

Lweibdeh (Arabic: لويبدة) is a Syrian village located in Kafr Nabl Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Lweibdeh had a population of 301 in the 2004 census.
# Chad–Turkey relations

Chad–Turkey relations are the foreign relations between Chad and Turkey. Neither country had a resident embassy before a Turkish Embassy opened in N’Djamena on 1 March 2013, and a Chadian one in Ankara on 10 December 2014. Turkey recognized the independence of Chad on August 11, 1960 and established diplomatic relations on January 27, 1960.

## Historical relations

Turkey had long-standing cultural, ethnic and religious ties with Chad, especially with northern Chad. Through the 1980s and 1990s, both Turkey's and Chad's foreign policy was pro-Western in the 1980s, united in the belief that the spread of communism posed a threat to the world.
During the 1980s and 1990s, Turkey and Chad had limited economic ties but the drought in the early 1990s brought Turkish aid to Chad, including agricultural, medical and technical supplies.
Relations were limited until early 2010s because of Chad's landlocked status and limited air transport service. Following the opening of Turkish and Chadian embassies on March 1, 2013 and December 10, 2014 respectively, bilateral relations gained momentum.
In 2020, however, relations between two countries have soured, after Chadian president Idriss Déby denounced Turkish role in the second Libyan conflict and sent nearly 2,000 soldiers to assist Khalifa Haftar, who is Turkey's foe in the conflict.

## Presidential visits

| Guest | Host | Place of visit | Date of visit |
| President Idriss Déby | President Süleyman Demirel | Çankaya Köşkü, Ankara | April 27–30, 2000 |
| Prime minister Kalzeubet Pahimi Deubet | President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Çankaya Köşkü, Ankara | January 28, 2015 |
| President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | President Idriss Déby | Presidential Palace, N'Djamena | December 26, 2017 |
| President Idriss Déby | President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Presidential Complex, Ankara | February 26–28, 2019 |

## Economic relations

* Trade volume between the two countries was US$72.4 million in 2019 (Turkish exports/imports: US$39.9/32.5 million).
* Turkish Airlines began direct flights from Istanbul to N’Djamena on December 12, 2013.
# Gombyn Khishigbaatar

Gombyn Khishigbaatar (born 24 August 1953) is a Mongolian wrestler. He competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics and the 1980 Summer Olympics.
At the 1975 Wrestling World Cup Gombyn Khishigbaatar won the gold medal in the men's freestyle 48 kg, he defeated the 1974 European champion Vitali Tokchinakov of USSR and the 1975 Pan-American Games silver medalist, three-time National AAU champion David Range of USA.
# Auditory science

Auditory science or hearing science is a field of research and education concerning the perception of sounds by humans, animals, or machines. It is a heavily interdisciplinary field at the crossroad between acoustics, neuroscience, and psychology. It is often related to one or many of these other fields: psychophysics, psychoacoustics, audiology, physiology, otorhinolaryngology, speech science, automatic speech recognition, music psychology, linguistics, and psycholinguistics.

## History

Early auditory research included the early 19th century work of Georg Ohm and August Seebeck and their experiments and arguments about Fourier analysis of sounds. Later in the 19th century, German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz wrote Sensations of Tone describing the founding concepts of psychoacoustics, i.e. the relationship between the physical parameters of a sound and the percept that it induces.
Psychoacoutics is primarily interested in the basic workings of the ear and is, therefore, mostly studied using simple sounds like pure tones. In the 1950s, psychologists George A. Miller and J. C. R. Licklider furthered our knowledge in psychoacoustics and speech perception.

## Main scientific journals

* Acoustical Science and Technology
* Acta Acustica united with Acustica
* Audiology & Neurotology
* Cochlear Implants International
* Ear and Hearing
* Frontiers in Auditory Cognitive Neuroscience
* Hearing Research
* IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
* International Journal of Audiology (IJA)
* Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research
* Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA)
* Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology (JARO)
* Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
* Music Perception
* Otology & Neurotology
* Speech Communication
* The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (JASA)
* Trends in Hearing

## Scientific associations and societies
### International

* International Society of Audiology
* Acoustical Society of America
* Association for Research in Otolaryngology
* European Acoustics Association

### National

* Société Française d'Acoustique (French Acoustical Society)
* Deutsche Gesellschaft für Akustik (German Acoustical Society)
* British Society of Audiology
* Nederlandse Vereniging voor Audiologie (Dutch Association for Audiology)
* Acoustical Society of Japan

### Online resources

Many members of the auditory science community follow the auditory.org mailing list, known as "the Auditory List".
Global Audiology offers information on the practice of Audiology around the world and is maintained by the International Society of Audiology.
# Teo Đogaš

Teo Đogaš (born 19 February 1977 in Split) is a water polo player from Croatia, who was a member of the men's national team that won the world title at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships in Melbourne, Australia. At club level, Đogaš played most notably for Olympiacos, HAVK Mladost, POŠK Split, Jadran Split, AS Pescara and VA Cattaro.

## Honours
### Club

POŠK Split
* LEN Champions League (1): 1998–99
* Croatian Cup (1): 1999–00
Olympiacos
* Greek Water Polo League (1): 2000–01
* Greek Cup (1): 2000–01
* LEN Champions League Runner-up: 2000–01
HAVK Mladost
* Croatian League (1): 2007–08
* Croatian Cup (1): 2004–05
VA Cattaro
* LEN Euro Cup (1): 2009–10
# 1994 Southwest Conference men's basketball tournament

The 1994 Southwest Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 10–12, 1994, at Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas.
Number 1 seed Texas defeated 2 seed Texas A&M 87-62 to win their 1st championship and receive the conference's automatic bid to the 1994 NCAA tournament.

## Format and seeding

The tournament consisted of the top 8 teams playing in a single-elimination tournament.
| Place | Seed | Team | Conference | Conference | Conference | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| Place | Seed | Team | W | L | % | W | L | % |
| 1 | 1 | Texas | 12 | 2 | .857 | 26 | 8 | .765 |
| 2 | 2 | Texas A&M | 10 | 4 | .714 | 19 | 11 | .633 |
| 2 | 3 | Texas Tech | 10 | 4 | .714 | 17 | 11 | .607 |
| 4 | 4 | Baylor | 7 | 7 | .500 | 16 | 11 | .593 |
| 5 | 5 | Rice | 6 | 8 | .429 | 15 | 14 | .517 |
| 6 | 6 | Houston | 5 | 9 | .357 | 8 | 19 | .296 |
| 7 | 7 | SMU | 3 | 11 | .214 | 6 | 21 | .222 |
| 7 | 8 | TCU | 3 | 11 | .214 | 7 | 20 | .259 |

## Tournament

| Quarterfinals Thursday, March 10 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 10 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 10 | Semifinals Friday, March 11 | Semifinals Friday, March 11 | Semifinals Friday, March 11 | Finals Saturday, March 12 | Finals Saturday, March 12 | Finals Saturday, March 12 |
| 1 | #25 Texas | 96 | | | | | | |
| 8 | TCU | 75 | | | | | | |
| 8 | TCU | 75 | 1 | #25 Texas | 101 | | | |
| | | | 5 | Rice | 89 | | | |
| 4 | Baylor | 82 | 5 | Rice | 89 | | | |
| 5 | Rice | 85 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Rice | 85 | | | | 1 | #25 Texas | 87 |
| | | | | | | 2 | Texas A&M | 62 |
| 3 | Texas Tech | 110 | | | | | | | 2 | Texas A&M | 62 |
| 6 | Houston | 86 | | | | | | |
| 6 | Houston | 86 | 3 | Texas Tech | 85 | | | |
| | | | 2 | Texas A&M | 89 | | | |
| 2 | Texas A&M | 85 | 2 | Texas A&M | 89 | | | |
| 7 | SMU | 66 | | | | | | |
# Newfoundland and Labrador Route 351

Route 351 is a highway on the island of Newfoundland in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is one of a small number of provincial routes that start and end on the same highway (in this case, the Trans-Canada Highway) (Route 1). It is a very short route, running through its only community, Norris Arm.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Norris Arm.
| km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| 0.0 | 0.0 | Route 1 (TCH) – Gander, Grand Falls-Windsor | Western terminus |
| 2.2 | 1.4 | Sandy Point Road (Route 3-1-09) - Sandy Point, Jumpers Brook | |
| 11.5 | 7.1 | Route 1 (TCH) – Gander, Grand Falls-Windsor | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||