# List of estimates of the number of victims of massacres committed by the UPA against Poles and of Polish retaliatory actions

This list shows the estimates of the number of casualties in the mutual massacres between Poles and Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA).
| = Historian | = Political science | = Research group |
Estimates of casualties, Poles killed by Ukrainians :
| Author | Volhynia | Galicia | VOL+GAL | E. Poland | V+G+EP | Quotes / Sources / Notes |
| Timothy Snyder | 50k | — | — | | — | "Ukrainian partisans killed about fifty thousand Volhynian Poles and forced tens of thousands more to flee in 1943." |
| Timothy Snyder | >40k | 10k | — | — | — | >40k in July '43, 10k is in March '44. |
| Timothy Snyder | 40-60k | 25k | — | 5k | — | "UPA killed forty to sixty thousand Polish Civilians in Volhynia in 1943." "This apparent change, ..., limited the death toll of Polish civilians to about twenty-five thousand in Galicia." "All told, in the Lublin and Rzeszow regions, Poles and Ukrainians killed about five thousand of the other's civilians in 1943-44." |
| Timothy Snyder | — | 5–10k | — | — | — | "Throughout spring 1944 [...] Polish preparations and Ukrainian warnings limited the deaths to perhaps 5,000–10,000" |
| Grzegorz Motyka | 40-60k | — | — | 6-8k | 80-100k | net is from '43 to '47. |
| Grzegorz Motyka | 40-60k | 30-40k | — | 6-8k | 100k | |
| Ivan Katchanovski | 35-60k | — | — | | — | Katchanovski considers the lower bound 35k to be more likely; cited Snyder (1999), Hryciuk (2001). |
| Grzegorz Hryciuk | 35-60k | — | — | | — | Cited by Katchanovski (2010), p. 7. |
| Grzegorz Hryciuk | 35.7-60k | — | — | — | — | Cited by Kalischuk. |
| Grzegorz Hryciuk | — | 20–24k | — | — | — | Cited by Kalischuk; from 43 to 46; 8820 in '43-mid'44; "according to relevant contemporary Polish sources". |
| Grzegorz Hryciuk | 35.7-60k | 20-24k | — | — | — | For Eastern Galicia "primary balance" relied on "fragmentary and often incomplete documentation" and witnesses' testimonies; 20-25k in 1941-1946 and 20-24k in 1943-1946. |
| Paul Robert Magocsi | — | — | — | — | 50k | "among the more reasonable estimates" |
| Niall Ferguson | — | — | 60-80k | | — | Fergusson is citing other authors (which ones?) |
| John Paul Himka | — | — | | | — | "One of the things that emerged clearly from this discussion was that UPA and OUN were responsible for the murder of tens of thousands of Poles in Western Ukraine." |
| Per Anders Rudling | 40-70k | — | — | 7k | | "Most mainstream estimates give the number of Volhynian Polish victims [...] as 40,000–70,000, [...] In Poland, [...] with 7,000 Poles [killed]." |
| Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe | — | — | 70-100k | — | — | |
| Ewa Siemaszko | 60k | 70k | 130k | | 133k | According to Rudling this is the most extensive study of the Polish casualties. |
| Marek Jasiak | — | — | — | | 60-70k | "In Podole, Volhynia, and Lublin". |
| Mikolaj Terles | | 50k | 60-70k | 100-200k | — | |
| KARTA | 35k | 29.8k | — | 6.5k | — | KARTA based mostly on: Siemaszko for Volhynia (documented number) and Czesław Blicharski for Tarnopol voivodsh. Cited by Kalishchuk: here |
| Kataryna Wolczuk | — | — | — | | 60-100k | Cited by Marples. |
| Common communicate of PL and UKR historians. | 50-60k | 20-25k | — | 5-6k | | "Polish casualties acc. to Polish sources" |
| Ryszard Torzecki | 30-40k | 30-40k | | 10-20k | 80-100k | |
| IPN | 60-80k | — | — | | — | "It is estimated that about 60, or even 80 thousand people of Polish nationality were murdered in Volhynia." |
| Norman Davies | — | — | — | | | Estimate includes both Poles and Ukrainians killed by UPA. |
| Czesław Partacz | — | — | — | | 134-200k | [32] [verification needed] |
| Lucyna Kulińska | — | — | — | | 150-200k | [33] [verification needed] |
| Anna M. Cienciala | — | — | 40-60k | | | "During WWII, the Bandera faction of the Ukrainian Insurrectionary Army (UPA) murdered 40,000–60,000 Poles living in the villages of former Volhynia and former East Galicia." |
| Pertti Ahonen, et al. | | — | — | — | 100k | "The ethnic cleansing conducted by Ukrainian nationalists, discussed in chapter 2, killed about 100,000 Poles and made refugees out of another 300,000." |
| George Liber | 25-70k | 20-70k | 50-100k | | — | "Scholars in Poland, Ukraine, the United States, and Europe estimate that in 1943 and 1944 the members of the OUN-B and UPA killed between 25,000 to 70,000 Poles in Western Volhynia, and then another 20,000 to 70,000 in Eastern Galicia... between 50,000 to 100,000 Poles... died by violent means." |
Table notes:
* ↑ "tens of thousands"
* ↑ "hundreds of thousands"
* ↑ Hryciuk writes (quote): "Dotychczasowe ustalenia zdają się świadczyć, że straty bezpowrotne ludności polskiej na Wołyniu w latach 1941-1944 wynieść mogły 70 tys. osób, z czego około 35,7 do 60 tys. przypadałoby na polskie ofiary ukraińskiej "czystki etnicznej"."
* ↑ Hryciuk writes (quote): "Po uwzględnieniu tej dokumentacji, a także informacji zaczerpniętych z powojennych relacji i wspomnień polskich mieszkańców Galicji Wschodniej, wstępny bilans strat polskich poniesionych w wyniku akcji nacjonalistycznych oddziałów ukraińskich w latach 1941-45 mógłby wynosić 20-25 tys. ofiar. Jak się wydaje, ogólna liczba strat ludności polskiej w 1941 roku nie przekroczyła zapewne 500-1000 osób. W latach 1943-1946 można ją szacować na około 20-24 tys. osób"
* ↑ Hryciuk writes (quote): "Odwołując się do wyrywkowej i często niekompletnej dokumentacji polskiej, ukraińskiej i radzieckiej, uwzględniając także informacje zaczerpnięte z powojennych relacji i wspomnień polskich mieszkańców Galicji Wschodniej wstępny bilans strat polskich poniesionych w wyniku akcji nacjonalistycznych oddziałów ukraińskich na tym obszarze określić można w latach 1941-1946 na 20-25 tys. ofiar, z tego w 1943 r. - do około 2 tys., w 1944 r. 13-16 tys., 1945-1946 – 5-6 tys.; 3-3,5 tys. w woj. stanisławowskim, 5-6 tys. w woj. lwowskim i najwięcej - 12 do 15 tys. w woj. tarnopolskim."
Estimates of casualties, Ukrainians killed by Poles :
| Author | Volhynia | Galicia | VOL+GAL | E. Poland | V+G+EP | Quotes / Sources / Notes |
| Grzegorz Motyka | 2-3k | — | — | 8-12k | 10-20k | 1943–1947, The number for total includes those killed in Volhynia, Galicia, territories of present-day (eastern) Poland. |
| Grzegorz Motyka | 2-3k | 1-2k | — | 8-10k | 11-15k | 1943–1947; According to Motyka, numbers of Ukrainian casualties from hands of Poles >= 30k are "simply pulled out of thin air". |
| Per Anders Rudling | 20k | — | | 11k | | "Most mainstream estimates give the number of Volhynian Polish victims [...] compared with some 20,000 Ukrainians killed by Polish forces. In Poland, the situation was the reverse, with some 11,000 Ukrainians killed, [...]" |
| Paul Robert Magocsi | — | — | — | | 20k | "among the more reasonable estimates" |
| Timothy Snyder | 10k | — | — | | | "Over the course of 1943, perhaps ten thousand Ukrainian civilians were killed by Polish self-defence units, Soviet partisans, and German police." |
| Timothy Snyder | — | — | — | about 5k | | "All told, in the Lublin and Rzeszow regions, Poles and Ukrainians killed about five thousand of the other's civilians in 1943–44." |
| Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe | — | — | — | — | 10-20k | "Poles were fully responsible for killing between 10,000 and 20,000 Ukrainians (both OUN-UPA members and civilians) during and after World War II." |
| Kataryna Wolczuk | — | — | 15-30k | | | Cited by Marples. |
| Katrina Witt | — | — | 15-30k | | | Cited Marples (2007), pp. 222–223, who cites Wolczuk. |
| KARTA | unknown | unknown | — | 7.5k | | Cited by Kalishchuk: here |
| L. Zashkilniak and M. Krykun | — | — | 35k | | | Cited by Kalishchuk. |
| Anna M. Cienciala | — | — | — | — | 20k | "... the Poles killed some 20,000 Ukrainians, mostly in former East Galicia in reprisal." |
| George Liber | 2-20k | 1-4k | 8-20k | | — | "In [1943–44], the Home Army and other Polish underground units killed 2,000 to 20,000 Ukrainians in Western Volhynia and another 1,000 to 4,000 in Galicia." |