OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Libertarian Party (Switzerland)

The Libertarian Party is a libertarian political party in Switzerland formed on 18 June 2014. It was founded as The Swiss Independence Party up!, also known as up! Switzerland. It is the main founder of the International Alliance of Libertarian Parties. It took on its current name in March 2021.

## History

The Libertarian Party was founded in 2014 by Simon Scherrer, Silvan Amberg and Brenda Mäder. The announcement received quite a broad media attention due to its founder Brenda being the former president of the Young Liberals. In 2015, the party founded its cantonal section in Zurich and was running for national parliament without success.
In February 2018, the party again received broad attention due to the appearance of Simon Scherrer and Silvan Amberg in the national TV-debate Arena for their opposition against the federal taxes.

## Political positions

The party’s vision is to reduce government activities to a minimum. The sole purpose of government should be to protect life, property and liberty of its citizens.
The party puts strong emphasis on its philosophical roots, including self-ownership and the non-aggression-principle and has formulated those foundations in "paper of principles".
Since its incorporation, the party has been advocate of abolishing subsidies (e.g. for culture), the federal income tax, the beer tax, and the compulsory old age insurance "AHV", liberalizing migration and legalizing all drugs.

## Organisation

The Libertarian Party is governed by a national board which is elected annually by its active members with voting rights (so-called "driver"). The board can establish local bodies. The only cantonal party has been founded in the Canton of Zurich so far. Up! has been active only in the German-speaking part of Switzerland but it has recently launched a website in French.
The party has confirmed several times that it will run for parliament only, but it will refrain from any executive positions in politics.

## Public perception and criticism

The party has been named a "hippie version" of the Swiss liberal party FDP due to its tolerant position on drugs. Swiss media has referred to up! as being "radical avant-garde", but also as "Government-haters" or "enemy of the state".
Often the party is referred to as "young", "small" or even "micro-party". Some media has criticized that up! is gaining more media attention than it would deserve based on its size and electorate.
# Hypercentric lens

A hypercentric or pericentric lens is a lens system where the entrance pupil is located in front of the lens, in the space where an object could be located. In a certain region, objects that are further away from the lens produce larger images than objects that are closer to the lens. This is in stark contrast to the behavior of the human eye or any ordinary camera (both entocentric lenses), where further-away objects always appear smaller.
The geometry of a hypercentric lens can be visualized by imagining a point source of light at the center of the entrance pupil sending rays in all directions. Any point on the object will be imaged to the point on the image plane found by continuing the ray that passes through it, so the shape of the image will be the same as the shadow cast by the object from the imaginary point of light. The closer an object gets to that point (the center of the entrance pupil), the larger its image will be.
This inversion of normal perspectivity can be useful for machine vision. Imagine a six-sided die sitting on a conveyor belt being imaged by a hypercentric lens system directly above, whose entrance pupil is below the conveyor belt. The image of the die would contain the top and all four sides at once, because the bottom of the die appears larger than the top.
# Refugees (1933 film)

Refugees (German: Flüchtlinge) is the 1933 German drama film, directed by Gustav Ucicky and starring Hans Albers, Käthe von Nagy, and Eugen Klöpfer. It depicts Volga German refugees persecuted by the Bolsheviks on the Sino-Russian border in Manchuria in 1928.
The screenplay was written by Gerhard Menzel and was based on his own novel of the same title. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios with sets designed by the art directors Robert Herlth and Walter Röhrig. A separate French-language version At the End of the World was also produced, with Käthe von Nagy appearing alongside a different cast.
It was the first movie to be awarded an NS-Staatspreis prize, and Goebbels praised it as among those films that, while they did not explicitly cite National Socialist principles, nevertheless embodied its spirit, a new film reflecting the ideal of their national revolution.
The refugees are rescued by a heroic German leader much like the Führer; the symbolism is obviously intended to emulate Adolf Hitler. He is disgusted by "November Germany", and devotes himself to the ideal of "true Germany". He off-handedly disposes of some refugees as worthless, and demands complete obedience from all others. The death of a boy deeply devoted to him moves him, as dying for a cause is something he would wish for himself, in keeping with Nazi glorification of heroic death.
Their Communist persecutors are portrayed simply as brutal murderers, typical of works prior to the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact (and again after its breach). The film was shown for some time after the pact, owing to bureaucratic oversight, complicating the efforts of Nazi propaganda.
The movie is mostly set in the city of Harbin, in what was at the time the Republic of China.

## Cast

* Hans Albers as Arneth
* Käthe von Nagy as Kristja Laudy
* Eugen Klöpfer as Bernhard Laudy
* Andrews Engelmann as The Commissar
* Fritz Genschow as Hermann, refugee-engineer
* Karl Rainer as Peter, teenage refugee
* Franziska Kinz as pregnant woman
* Ida Wüst as Frau Megele
* Veit Harlan as Mannlinger
* Karl Meixner as Pappel
* Hans Adalbert Schlettow as Siberian
* Friedrich Gnaß as Hussar
* Hans Hermann Schaufuss as Zweig
* Josef Dahmen as man with red hair
* Carsta Löck as Frau Hellerle

## Production

Gerhard Menzel wrote a screenplay based on his own novel after writing the screenplay for Morgenrot. The film was directed by Gustav Ucicky. The cinematography was done by Fritz Arno Wagner and the soundtrack was composed by Herbert Windt and Ernst Erich Buder.

## Release

The film was approved by the censors on 1 December 1933, and premiered on 3 December. It premiered in the United States at the 79th Street Theater in New York.
# East Ridgley

East Ridgley is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Burnie in the North-west and west LGA region of Tasmania, Australia. The locality is about 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of the town of Burnie. The 2016 census recorded a population of 103 for the state suburb of East Ridgley.

## History

East Ridgley is a confirmed locality.
It is believed that the name “Ridgley” was conferred by surveyor Henry Hellyer in the 1820s.

## Geography

The Emu River forms the eastern boundary. The Pet River, a tributary of the Emu, forms most of the western boundary.

## Road infrastructure

Route B18 (Ridgley Highway) passes to the north-west. From there, Circular Road provides access to the locality.
# Mundoo Island, South Australia

Mundoo Island is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located on Mundoo Island and some adjoining water at the southern end of Lake Alexandrina about 87 kilometres (54 mi) south-east of the state capital of Adelaide.
Its boundaries were created on 31 August 2000 for the "long established name", which is derived from the island and ultimately from an Aboriginal word mundo, which means "mud" or "filth". In 2014, a portion of land was excluded from the locality and "added to Hindmarsh Island to ensure the whole of Hindmarsh Island is within the rural locality of Hindmarsh Island”.
The locality consists of Mundoo Island and a portion of the following waterways adjoining the island: the channel known as the Lower Murray (or the Goolwa) in the north; Boundary Creek to the east and the south-east; the Coorong Channel in the south; the Mundoo Channel in the south-west; and Holmes Creek to the west and the north-west.
The land within the locality is occupied by the privately owned Mundoo Island Station which has been operation since 1843. Access to the locality from the mainland is a road that crosses from Goolwa to the Hindmarsh Island via the Hindmarsh Island Bridge and then onto Mundoo Island via the Mundoo Barrage.
While the sole land use zoning within the locality is conservation, the land has been used for grazing since 1843, and the Government of South Australia recognises that "farming activities are the predominant uses in the zone and will continue".
Mundoo Island is located within the federal division of Mayo, the state electoral district of Finniss, and the local government area of the Alexandrina Council.
# Wellington Rocha

Wellington Rocha dos Santos, known as Wellington Rocha or Rocha inside Brazil (born 4 October 1990) is a Brazilian-born East Timorese football player who plays as a central defender. He last played for F.C. Gifu. He played for Timor-Leste national team.

## International career

Naturalized citizen of East Timor, Rocha made his senior international debut on 5 October 2012 in a 2012 AFF Suzuki Cup qualification match against Cambodia national football team.
# Gracin Bakumanya

Bologni Gracin Bakumanya (born July 27, 1997) is a Congolese professional basketball player for CB Zamora in LEB Plata. In 2013, he arrived in the United States for the first time and attended Pantego Christian Academy in Arlington, Texas, before returning to Europe in 2014.

## Early life and career

Discovered in his native Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bakumanya started his career in Spain with Torrelodones in the summer of 2011. After playing well at the junior level throughout his two-plus year stint in Spain, he was brought to the United States in 2013 to attend a prep school. In the spring of 2013, Bakumanya was reportedly connected to St. Anthony High School in New Jersey and the Montverde Academy in Florida, but ultimately enrolled at Pantego Christian Academy in Arlington, Texas. Before long, Bakumanya found himself back in Europe as his English simply wasn't up to par at the time. He briefly resided in Belgium before joining Antibes Sharks in 2014.

## Professional career

Between 2014 and 2016, Bakumanya spent the majority of the time with Antibes Espoirs, the junior team of Antibes Sharks. In the 2015–16 season, Bakumanya averaged 14.3 points and 8.5 rebounds in 30 games with Antibes Espoirs. He also managed two games with Antibes Sharks in the LNB Pro A, with both appearances coming in December 2015.
Bakumanya went undrafted in the 2016 NBA draft as an international early entry candidate. In July 2016, he joined the Houston Rockets for the 2016 NBA Summer League. He appeared in two games for the Rockets, but failed to score. On September 25, 2016, he signed with the Phoenix Suns for training camp. He was later waived by the Suns on October 10. On October 31, he was acquired by the Northern Arizona Suns of the NBA Development League as an affiliate player of Phoenix. He made his debut for Northern Arizona on November 18, recording five points and five rebounds in 13 minutes of action in a 92–80 win over the Salt Lake City Stars.
On August 23, 2017, Bakumanya was selected by the Wisconsin Herd in the NBA G League expansion draft.
On March 2, 2020, Bakumanya signed with Ferroviário de Maputo of the Basketball Africa League (BAL). However, the season was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and he did not join Maputo.
In November 2021, Bakumanya signed with CB Zamora.
# Ablgharib

Ablgharib (Armenian: Աբուլ Ղարիբ) was an Armenian lord of Birejik and chief of the Pahlavuni clan. He was installed as governor of Birejik by Baldwin I following the crushing of an Armenian conspiracy in 1098. He joined Baldwin I and Kogh Vasil in their campaign in the north to lift Mawdud's siege on Edessa in 1110. Finally, he was displaced by Baldwin II, following a year of siege, in 1117. Baldwin II gave Birejik to his cousin Waleran of Le Puiset, who married another of Ablgharib's daughters.
# Emil Neykov

Emil Neykov (Bulgarian: Емил Нейков, born 1 August 2001) is a Bulgarian rower. He won the gold medal in the single scull at the 2021 European Rowing U23 Championships. The same year he also became World Champion for man under 23 years old. His parents Svilen Neykov and Rumyana Neykova are also successful rowers. He defeated rower Rastko Ratajac from RC Danubius 1885 at U23 ERCH, which is his, by far, greatest success
# Joseph Carstairs

Joseph Carstairs (2 March 1783 – 9 February 1844) was an English calligrapher and writing teacher who devised a new system and style of writing in the early 19th century. Carstairs's system emphasised a "bold and free writing" when he first introduced it in 1809. In 1814 he published "A New System of Teaching the Art of Writing" which set out the core tenets of his approach emphasizing "muscular movement" up and down the page in an effort to speed up the overall pace of writing. Carstairs was one of the key influences on later cursive writing developments in the United States by Benjamin F. Foster and, in turn, the development of Spencerian penmanship by Platt Rogers Spencer in the 1840s.
# Karkajmy

Karkajmy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Orneta, within Lidzbark County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Orneta, 33 km (21 mi) west of Lidzbark Warmiński, and 44 km (27 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
Before 1772 the area was part of the Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).
# Éric Nzikwinkunda

Éric Nzikwinkunda (born 1 January 1997) is a Burundian middle-distance runner who competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Career

After reaching the semi-finals of the 2019 African Games in Rabat, Nzikwinkunda was selected to compete in the 800 metres at the 2020 Summer Olympics, in which he finished sixth in his qualifying heat in a time of 1.47:97. Nzikwinkunda took part in the 2022 World Athletics Indoor Championships in Belgrade, Serbia finishing fifth in his 1500m heat.

## Personal life

He is based in Penyeta Roja in the province of Castellón in Spain along with his Burundi compatriots Thierry Ndikumwenayo and Rodrigue Kwizera.
# Nedyalko Mladenov

Nedyalko Mladenov (Bulgarian: Недялко Младенов; born 7 August 1961) is a former Bulgarian footballer who played as a defender.

## Career

Mladenov spent the majority of his playing career with CSKA Sofia, where he won three A Group titles, five Bulgarian Cups and three Cups of the Soviet Army. He captained the team during the 1987–88 season.
After seven seasons at CSKA, Mladenov joined French Ligue 2 side En Avant de Guingamp in 1989. After leaving Guingamp at the end of the 1989–90 season, he signed with Portuguese club Braga, with whom he played 22 games in the Primeira Liga.

## Honours

CSKA Sofia
* A Group (3): 1982–83, 1986–87, 1988–89
* Bulgarian Cup (5): 1982–83, 1984–85, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89
* Cup of the Soviet Army (3): 1984–85, 1985–86, 1988–89
# Clathrus

Clathrus is a genus of fungi of the family Phallaceae, the stinkhorn fungi. Mature fruit bodies are covered with olive-brown slimy gleba, containing spores, that attract flies. These fungi are saprobic (feeding on dead organic matter) and are common in mulch.

## Species

* Clathrus archeri, octopus stinkhorn
* Clathrus baumii
* Clathrus bicolumnatus
* Clathrus cameroensis
* Clathrus cancellatum, cancer stinkhorn, striker
* Clathrus cheriar
* Clathrus chrysomycelinus
* Clathrus columnatus
* Clathrus crispus
* Clathrus crispatus
* Clathrus cristatus
* Clathrus delicatus
* Clathrus hainanensis
* Clathrus kusanoi
* Clathrus mauritianus
* Clathrus oahuensis
* Clathrus preussi
* Clathrus roseovolvatus
* Clathrus ruber (type species)
* Clathrus transvaalensis
* Clathrus treubii
* Clathrus xiningensis
# Café & Conditorei 1842

Café & Conditorei 1842 is a café and confectionary in Zurich, Switzerland. Established in 1842, it is the oldest café in the city. Located on Napfgasse, near the old town's Grossmünster, the café is on six floors, including a basement.
Eberles Süsskramladen was established by baker Johann Georg Eberle in 1842. In 1874, Eberle's son, Julius Carl Heinrich, sold the business to family friend Theodor Schrober, who renamed it Conditorei von Thomas Schober. Both the Eberles and Schrober were from Pfullendorf, Germany. In 2011, it was the Conditorei Schrober Tearoom. Restaurateur Michel Péclard later owned the establishment, which he renamed Conditorei Péclard im Schober. It was named Café & Conditorei 1842 in 2019 by its current owners, the Arbeitskette Foundation.
* A wider view of the building, taken from Münstergasse
* The café in 1890
# Forsman & Bodenfors

Forsman & Bodenfors is a global, creative collective founded in Gothenburg, Sweden in 1986.

## Acquisition

In June 2016, the company was acquired by MDC Partners. The deal involved an initial payment of $32.3 million in MDC shares. This was the first acquisition by MDC's new CEO, Scott Kauffman. When asked to comment on the deal, F&B's former CEO, Erik Sollenberg “We needed a partner to expand our business,” and that “the ad world is becoming more and more global.”

## Merger

In September 2018, MDC Partners-owned agencies Kirshenbaum Bond Senecal + Partners (KBS) and Forsman & Bodenfors merged to form a new global creative offering under the latter's name, effectively putting an end to the KBS acronym. In 2020, The Stagwell Group announced plans to merge with its affiliate MDC Partners. The merger was completed in August 2021 and the marketing and communications group went on to become Stagwell Inc.
In October 2024, Forsman & Bodenfors has appointed James Denton-Clark as its new global CEO, succeeding the agency's co-founder, who will transition to a strategic advisory role.

## Clients

Forsman & Bodenfors is now part of the marketing and communications group Stagwell Inc. Clients include Volvo, P&G, Diageo, LG, Jaeger-LeCoultre, Allianz, Therabody, Oatly and Burger King, among others.
# Cécile Ngambi

Cécile Ngambi (born 15 November 1960) is a retired Cameroonian heptathlete. She was the first woman to represent Cameroon at the Olympics.
She competed in pentathlon at the 1980 Summer Olympics and 100 metres at the 1984 Summer Olympics. She won the silver medal in 100 metres hurdles at the 1985 African Championships. Ngambi was the flag bearer for Cameroon in the 2000 Summer Olympics opening ceremony.
# Bredsand

Bredsand (or Ryssbo) is an urban locality situated in Enköping Municipality, Uppsala County, Sweden with 465 inhabitants in 2010.
# Soto La Marina River

The Soto La Marina River or Soto la Marina is a river of northeastern Mexico.

## Geography

The headwaters of the Soto La Marina are in the Sierra Madre Oriental in pine-oak forests at an elevation of about 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in the municipality of General Zaragoza, Nuevo León. The vegetation at the headwaters is Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forest. Several scenic waterfalls are found near the town of General Zaragoza.
Called the Rio Blanco, the river initially flows north, then turns east near Aramberri and enters the state of Tamaulipas where it is called the Purificación river. The Rio Purificación joins with the Rio Corona near the town of Padilla, Tamaulipas where the river is damned to create the Vicente Guerrero Reservoir. From there downstream the river is called the Soto La Marina. Entering the coastal plain the river passes through the town of Soto La Marina. It forms a delta at its mouth and enters the Gulf of Mexico via two outlets. The lowest 50 kilometers (31 miles) of the river are navigable by boats. The Soto La Marina is the thirteenth longest river in Mexico.
The lower course of the Soto La Marina is through a semi-arid eco-region called Tamaulipan mezquital which is characterized by sub-tropical low trees and shrubs similar to what is found in southernmost Texas.

## History

The Spaniard Francisco de Garay discovered the Soto La Marina River in 1523. Garay, Governor of Jamaica, led an expedition of 600 men to form a colony on the Pánuco River, but landed by mistake one hundred miles north at the mouth of the Soto La Marina which he called the River of Palms (Rio de las Palmas). He reconnoitered by sending a small boat upriver about 25 miles, probably reaching the present day city of Soto la Marina. The explorers found 40 Indian encampments along the river, indicating a large population, although the Indians apparently did not practice agriculture. The Indians plied the river in canoes and, although initially friendly, became hostile. Realizing that the river was not the Pánuco, Garay ordered an overland march southward to the Panuco.
Some scholars have identified the Rio de las Palmas with the Rio Grande, but the majority view is that it was the Soto La Marina.
# Gilles Ramade

Gilles Ramade is a French playwright, director, pianist, composer, actor, lyrical singer, conductor, writer, editor and producer.
He was born in 1958 in Albi, in the region of the Tarn, in southern France. His parents were both schoolteachers, and he grew up in the Albi region, first in Vaour (1958 to 1962), then at Cabannes, a small village near Cordes sur Ciel, and in Albi where he stayed until age 20.
After working and practising piano with great masters like Bruno Rigutto and Pierre Sancan, he started off his career by playing piano in bars, restaurants and hotels, and went on to become piano accompanist for the Capitole Ballet in Toulouse.
In 1988, he graduated from the National Conservatoire of Toulouse and was awarded the first prize in dramatic arts and electroacoustics as well as the gold medal of lyrical arts with jury's congratulations, in singing and musical theory. In 1988, he won the Golden Voices Competition in Rouen.
As he became known in the classical music and opera world, he was invited to national and international theaters around the world, and sang with Anna Prucnal, José van Dam and Chriss Meritt. He worked with Luigi Alva, Marcel Landowski, Michel Plasson, Jean-Claude Casadesus and Jérôme Savary, with whom he notably played Don Giovanni, Pelléas, Figaro, Escamillo, Falstaff and even Mackie in Brecht's Threepenny Opera.
In 1988, he was chosen for the creation of one of the leading roles of the world-famous musical Cats, which was then awarded the Molière of the best musical in 1989.
In 1992 he created his own company of musical theater, Figaro & Co., and went on to write and direct over sixty plays, musicals and operas.
As both a writer and a director, he worked to break down and overcome the barriers between the arts and challenge audiences with new material, creating startling encounters between closed up artistic worlds. In his shows, lyrical art meets Queen's rock music and ties in with the Marx Brothers’ burlesque humour, Don José slams his love to Carmen and Romeo proclaims his hatred for Juliet (Romeo Hait Juliette).
With his prodigious adaptation of Carmina Burana with 600 chorists in 2010, he directed and designed his hundredth production on the stage of Toulouse's Zenith.
His shows are staged in some of the biggest theaters in France, and he recently staged great productions like Casanova l’indécent, A Taxi for Broadway, Maestro Furioso, Led Zep 129. Always on the lookout for new experiences and unforeseen encounters between the arts, his creations are nourished by his experience and formation as a pianist, and he has recently teamed up with Jéremy Ferrari, a well-known popular French humourist, for his one-man show Piano Furioso Opus 2.
"You are one of the rare french creators with a sense of the theater in your compositions" Claude Michel Schonberg about Gilles Ramade