OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Meryweather

William Stephens Turner Mellish Meryweather (3 January 1809 – 4 May 1841) was an English cricketer who was associated with Cambridge University Cricket Club and made his first-class debut in 1829.
He was educated at Charterhouse and Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1830, while he was at Cambridge, he and his two younger brothers took the surname of Turner in compliance with his grandfather's will, so that he became William Stephens Turner Mellish Turner. He was called to the Bar in 1831.
# Raid on Cartagena de Indias (1697)

The raid on Cartagena de Indias was a successful attack by the French on the fortified city of Cartagena de Indias, on 6 May 1697, as part of the War of the Grand Alliance.

## Background

By 1695, the French Navy had declined to the point that it could no longer face the English and Dutch in an open sea battle and therefore had switched to privateering – guerre de course. Bernard Desjean, Baron de Pointis, active in the Caribbean from the beginning of the war, was able to convince King Louis XIV of France to let him try a daring attack on the richest city of the region, Cartagena, in present-day Colombia.

## Raid

He received command of a fleet of seven capital ships, three frigates, and some smaller vessels. The squadron left from Brest, France, on 7 January 1697, and arrived at Saint-Domingue in the West Indies on 3 March. Pointis requested assistance from governor Jean du Casse, who gave his support only reluctantly, as he preferred an attack on Portobelo. One month later, a fleet with 1,200 soldiers and 650 buccaneers appeared before Cartagena.
The renowned Spanish defences were not what they had once been, and Pointis conquered both fortresses which defended Cartagena relatively easily, losing only sixty men. Between 6 May and 24 May 1697 the French plundered the city, accumulating loot valued at ten to twenty million livres.
Pointis then set sail directly for France, cheating his buccaneer allies of their promised share of the loot. Outraged, the buccaneers returned and plundered the city once more, this time not tempered by Pointis, committing rape, extortion and murder.

## Aftermath

On his return voyage to France, Pointis managed to avoid the English admiral John Nevell, whose squadron had been diverted from Cadiz, Spain, to pursue the French privateer. After a three-day chase, Nevell had captured only one ship. Unfortunately for him, this was a hospital ship infested with yellow fever, which now spread through the English and Dutch fleets. The disease killed 1,300 English sailors, six captains, and Admiral Nevell himself; only one captain in the Dutch squadron survived.
The French did not escape unscathed, as yellow fever spread through their fleet, too, killing hundreds of sailors. However, Pointis made it back to France and gave Louis XIV his share of two million livres. The rest of the loot made Pointis an immensely rich man.
He published Relation de l'expédition de Carthagène faite par les François en 1697 in Amsterdam the next year.
# Mario Astaburuaga

Mario Astaburuaga (4 July 1904 – 1951) was a Chilean swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre freestyle event at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Helicoid

The helicoid, also known as helical surface, is a smooth surface embedded in three-dimensional space. It is the surface traced by an infinite line that is simultaneously being rotated and lifted along its fixed axis of rotation. It is the third minimal surface to be known, after the plane and the catenoid.

## Description

It was described by Euler in 1774 and by Jean Baptiste Meusnier in 1776. Its name derives from its similarity to the helix: for every point on the helicoid, there is a helix contained in the helicoid which passes through that point.
The helicoid is also a ruled surface (and a right conoid), meaning that it is a trace of a line. Alternatively, for any point on the surface, there is a line on the surface passing through it. Indeed, Catalan proved in 1842 that the helicoid and the plane were the only ruled minimal surfaces.
A helicoid is also a translation surface in the sense of differential geometry.
The helicoid and the catenoid are parts of a family of helicoid-catenoid minimal surfaces.
The helicoid is shaped like Archimedes screw, but extends infinitely in all directions. It can be described by the following parametric equations in Cartesian coordinates:
    $x=\rho \cos(\alpha \theta ),\$
    $y=\rho \sin(\alpha \theta ),\$
    $z=\theta ,\$
where ρ and θ range from negative infinity to positive infinity, while α is a constant. If α is positive, then the helicoid is right-handed as shown in the figure; if negative then left-handed.
The helicoid has principal curvatures $\pm \alpha /(1+\alpha ^{2}\rho ^{2})\$. The sum of these quantities gives the mean curvature (zero since the helicoid is a minimal surface) and the product gives the Gaussian curvature.
The helicoid is homeomorphic to the plane $\mathbb {R} ^{2}$. To see this, let α decrease continuously from its given value down to zero. Each intermediate value of α will describe a different helicoid, until α = 0 is reached and the helicoid becomes a vertical plane.
Conversely, a plane can be turned into a helicoid by choosing a line, or axis, on the plane, then twisting the plane around that axis.
If a helicoid of radius R revolves by an angle of θ around its axis while rising by a height h, the area of the surface is given by
    ${\frac {\theta }{2}}\left[R{\sqrt {R^{2}+c^{2}}}+c^{2}\ln \left({\frac {R+{\sqrt {R^{2}+c^{2}}}}{c}}\right)\right],\ c={\frac {h}{\theta }}.$

## Helicoid and catenoid

The helicoid and the catenoid are locally isometric surfaces; see Catenoid#Helicoid transformation.
# John Gater

John Gater, FSA is a British archaeological geophysicist who featured regularly on the Channel 4 archaeological television series Time Team.

## Biography

He was educated at the University of Bradford and graduated with a BSc Archaeological Sciences in 1979. He worked with British Gas (for five years), the Ancient Monuments Laboratory (English Heritage) and Bradford University Research. In 1983 he became a member of the Institute of Field Archaeologists (CIfA) and is now also an associate editor for the Journal of Archaeological Prospection. In 1986 he founded Geophysical Surveys of Bradford (GSB), an independent consultancy in geophysics for archaeology, which was later acquired by the SUMO Group in 2012.
On 21 July 2006, Gater was awarded an honorary Doctor of Science by the University of Bradford for his "distinguished contributions to the field of Archaeological Geophysics".
On the DVD set The Very Best Time Team Digs, Gater states that, as of the time of the DVD's production, his favourite dig was Turkdean (the only site where the quality of the archaeological data was so good that Time Team returned at a later date to dig it again).
On 1 January 2008, he was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London (FSA).

## Selected works

* Gaffney, Christopher F.; Gater, John A. (2003). Revealing the buried past: geophysics for archaeologists. Stroud: Tempus. ISBN 978-0752425566.
* Gaffney, Chris; Gater, John; Ovenden, Susan (June 2002). "The use of geophysical techniques in archaeological evaluations" (PDF). Institute of Field Archaeologists Paper. 6.
# Henry Southern (cricketer)

Henry John Southern (born 1806) was an English cricketer who was associated with Sheffield Cricket Club and made his first-class debut in 1828.
# Monteripido Altarpiece

The Monteripido Altarpiece is a double-sided altarpiece by Perugino, completed in 1502 for San Francesco al Monte church in Monteripido near Perugia. It is now in the Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria in Perugia.

## Recto

This side of the piece was produced as the background for an earlier wooden crucifix, which is still in situ. It shows figures surrounding the Crucifixion of Christ, with (from left to right) the Virgin Mary, Mary Magdalene, Francis of Assisi (there was a Franciscan monastery in Monteripido) and John the Apostle. It largely reuses pre-existing drawings and cartoons made by Perugino - the figures around the cross reuse those from his Florence Crucifixion (1494–1496), whilst the two angels catching Christ's blood in chalices are variants on those in Agony in the Garden (c. 1483–1495).

## Verso

This shows the Coronation of the Virgin, again reusing several previous cartoons, drawings and compositions from his other paintings of the same subject, such as his lost frescoes in the Sistine Chapel (1481–82) and the group of apostles from the Annunziata Altarpiece (1504–1507) and the San Pietro Polyptych (c. 1496–1500). The angel with a garland, however, does not have a precedent in his earlier works.

## Bibliography (in Italian)

* Vittoria Garibaldi, Perugino, in Pittori del Rinascimento, Scala, Florence, 2004 ISBN 888117099X
* Pierluigi De Vecchi, Elda Cerchiari, I tempi dell'arte, volume 2, Bompiani, Milan, 1999 ISBN 88-451-7212-0
* Stefano Zuffi, Il Quattrocento, Electa, Milan, 2004 ISBN 8837023154
# Thapelo Tale

Thapelo Tale (born 22 April 1988) is a Mosotho footballer who plays as a striker for Liphakoe.

## Club career

Tale made his senior debut for Likhopo in 2007. During the following seasons he became among the best strikers in the country, and he became a member of the national team. Usually among the strongest domestic teams, Likhopo failed to win the domestic championship during the period Tale was in the club, and it was only in 2010 that they managed to win the Vodacom Soccer Spectacular. That same year, Tale had his first trial with FK Srem in Serbia, however Likhopo President only wanted to agree to a loan. The following year, in April 2011, Tale went again to Serbia, this time along his national team teammate Nkau Lerotholi, to trials with a top league Serbian club FK Jagodina, however both of them did not stayed in the team, and Tale went back to FK Srem who still wanted to sign him since his previous trial a year earlier.
After confirming his health form and after the agreement between the two clubs was reached, Tale finally joined Srem in late August 2011 making his league debut on September 4 in a match against RFK Novi Sad, already counting for the 4th round of the 2011–12 Serbian First League, the second Serbian tier.
At the end of the season Srem got relegated, and Tale returned to FC Likhopo, but soon after he was back in Europe, this time joining FC Andorra, an Andorran club playing in Spanish football league system.

## International career

Tale has been a member of the Lesotho U-17 and U-20 teams.
In 2008, he made his debut for the Lesotho national football team, and since then has made over 40 appearances.

### International goals

    Scores and results list Lesotho's goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 19 June 2009 | Trade Fair Ground, Manzini, Swaziland | Swaziland | 1–0 | 1–1 | Friendly |
| 2. | 15 November 2011 | Prince Louis Rwagasore Stadium, Bujumbura, Burundi | Burundi | 1–0 | 2–2 | 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification |
| 3. | 8 July 2013 | Arthur Davies Stadium, Kitwe, Zambia | Kenya | 2–1 | 2–2 | 2013 COSAFA Cup |
| 4. | 9 July 2013 | Arthur Davies Stadium, Kitwe, Zambia | Botswana | 3–3 | 3–3 | 2013 COSAFA Cup |
| 5. | 14 July 2013 | Nkana Stadium, Kitwe, Zambia | Angola | 1–1 | 1–1 (5–3 p) | 2013 COSAFA Cup |
| 6. | 18 May 2015 | Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Phokeng, South Africa | Madagascar | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2015 COSAFA Cup |
| 7. | 10 June 2017 | Chamazi Stadium, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania | Tanzania | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2019 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |

## Honours

Likhopo
* Vodacom Soccer Spectacular: 2010
# Lee Wan Yuen

Lee Wan Yuen (born 20 November 1977) is a Malaysian taekwondo practitioner from Kuala Lumpur.
She competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She won a silver medal in heavyweight at the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok, and a bronze medal at the 2002 Asian Games. She won a bronze medal at the 1996 Asian Taekwondo Championships in Melbourne.
# Willem Roels

Willem Roels (22 August 1889 – 18 March 1951) was a Dutch wrestler. He competed in the Greco-Roman featherweight event at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
# Gerhard Neumann Museum

The Gerhard Neumann Museum is an aviation museum located in the German village of Niederalteich in Bavaria. The museum chronicles the work of German aero engine designer Gerhard Neumann, in particular the General Electric J79 turbojet and Lockheed F-104 Starfighter which this engine powered. Many aerospace exhibits are on display including fixed-wing aircraft and aircraft engines.

## Aircraft on display

The museum has four examples of the Lockheed F-104, a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 and fuselage sections of other aircraft types.

### Jet aircraft

* Airbus A300 (fuselage section)
* Eurofighter Typhoon (fuselage section)
* Lockheed F-104G Starfighter, four airframes.
* Hamburger Flugzeugbau HFB-320 Hansa Jet
* MBB Lampyridae
* Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
* Panavia Tornado (fuselage section)

## Aircraft engines
### Gas turbine engines

* General Electric J79
# Physicians' Desk Reference

The Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR), renamed Prescriber's Digital Reference after its physical publication was discontinued, is a compilation of manufacturers' prescribing information (package insert) on prescription drugs, updated regularly and published by ConnectiveRx.

## History

The original PDR was titled Physicians' Desk Reference but was renamed because not all prescribers are physicians and the reference is no longer a hardback book used on a desk. While marketed as a means of providing physicians with the full legally mandated information relevant to writing prescriptions, it was widely available in libraries and bookstores, was widely used by other medical specialists, and was sometimes valuable to the layman. The book was distributed for free to all licensed medical doctors in America; only drugs which drug manufacturers paid to appear, appeared in the PDR, and no generic drugs were listed.
The 71st Edition, published in 2017, was the final hardcover edition, weighed in at 4.6 pounds (2.1 kg) and contained information on over 1,000 drugs. Since then, the PDR has been available online for free.
The Physicians' Desk Reference was first published in 1947 by Medical Economics Inc., a magazine publisher founded by Lansing Chapman. Medical Economics Inc. merged with Reinhold Publishing in 1966 to form Chapman-Reinhold. Litton Industries, which owned the American Book Company, acquired Chapman-Reinhold in 1968. Litton sold its publishing business to the International Thomson Organization (ITO) in 1981.
ITO successor Thomson Reuters sold the Physicians' Desk Reference to Lee Equity Partners in 2009; Lee formed the new parent company PDR Network. Lee sold PDR Network to Genstar Capital in 2015. Genstar merged PDR Network into the new company ConnectiveRx.

## About the PDR

The PDR material contained includes:
* Comprehensive indexing (four sections)
** by Manufacturer
** Products (by company's or trademarked drug name)
** Category index (for example, "antibiotics")
** Generic/chemical index (non-trademark common drug names)
* Color images of medications
* Product information, consistent with FDA labeling
** Chemical information
** Function/action
** Indications & Contraindications
** Trial research, side effects, warnings

## Related references

The PDR has several versions and related volumes:
* PDR
* PDR for Nonprescription Drugs, Dietary Supplements, and Herbs
* PDR Drug Interactions and Side Effects Index
* PDRhealth—Version in lay terms.
* PDR Family Guide to Over-the-Counter Drugs—Lay term guide to non-prescription medication.
* PDR for Ophthalmic Medicines
* PDR Drug Guide for Mental Health Professionals
* PDR for Herbal Medicines
# Johan Ruijsink

Johan Ruijsink (born 21 December 1965) is a Dutch professional pool manager and coach who captained both the European and American teams at the Mosconi Cup. He captained the European team to draw the 2006 Mosconi Cup, and later won six events between 2007 and 2014, going undefeated as European captain. Ruijsink took over as American captain in 2017, and won the 2018 and 2019 Mosconi Cup events.
Ruijsink is the only non-playing captain to win the Mosconi Cup as a part of both the European and United States teams. Despite competing at 9 Mosconi Cup events, Ruijsink's only loss came as American captain to his European replacement Marcus Chamat at the 2017 Mosconi Cup.

## Career

Johan Ruijsink was born 21 December 1965, and began coaching pool players in the early 90s, credited with empowering Netherlands' pool players, such as Niels Feijen and Alex Lely, and later Russian players such as Ruslan Chinachov and Konstantin Stepanov.
Ruijsink took control of the European team for the Mosconi Cup in 2007. The European team won one event in the preceding ten years, and under Ruijsink won seven times between 2007 and 2014. In 2014, Ruijsink left his post as European captain, to be replaced by Swedish player Marcus Chamat.
Three years later for the 2017 event, Ruijsink took over as captain of the American team, losing 4–11 to successor Chamat. The following year, leading the American team (alongside vice-captain Jeremy Jones), and would defeat Chamat, and win the 2018 Mosconi Cup 9–11. He took charge of the American team once more in 2019 winning 11–9. Despite this, he was not invited to retain the position for the 2020 Mosconi Cup, being replaced by Jones. As of 2023, Ruijsink is the only person to captain both squads.

## Achievements

* 2019 Mosconi Cup Captain
* 2018 Mosconi Cup Captain
* 2014 Mosconi Cup Captain
* 2013 Mosconi Cup Captain
* 2012 Mosconi Cup Captain
* 2011 Mosconi Cup Captain
* 2010 Mosconi Cup Captain
* 2007 Mosconi Cup Captain
# Don Hünerberg

Don Hunerberg (or Don Hünerberg) is an American audio engineer and music producer from New York City, New York. He is known for his influential work in the punk rock and avant-garde music scenes, contributing to the early sound of seminal punk bands such as Blondie, Ramones, ESG, Richard Hell, Sonic Youth as well as collaborating with avant-garde artists like Glenn Branca and John Zorn.

## Career

Hunerberg began his career as a recording engineer at Plaza Sound Studios from September 1976 to June 1980, where he worked on early punk recordings. He later became the chief engineer at Radio City Music Hall Studio from 1980 to 1989, during which he worked on audio for Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade broadcasts alongside Milton Delugg. Since 1989, Hunerberg has worked as a freelance music recording producer.
Hunerberg's engineering work includes collaborations with some of the most iconic punk bands, such as Blondie and the Ramones, helping to shape the fast-paced, gritty sound that defined the genre. He has also worked at notable studios like Electric Lady Studios and Platinum Island.
In addition to his contributions to punk rock, Hunerberg has worked on numerous remix projects and expanded his career into avant-garde and experimental music, collaborating with artists like Glenn Branca and John Zorn. His own band is IMA (Intense Molecular Activity)

## Collaborations

* Blondie—engineering on Blondie
* Ramones—engineering on Ramones
* Richard Hell—engineering on Blank Generation
* Sonic Youth—engineering on Sonic Youth
* ESG—engineering on Come Away with ESG
* Glenn Branca—engineering on Lesson No. 1
* John Zorn—recording/mixing on Spillane

## Legacy

Don Hunerberg’s work continues to be recognized for its impact on both mainstream and underground music. He was the recording engineer for Liquid Liquid's song "Cavern" on the Optimo (EP) which was later sampled on White Lines (Don't Do It) and later embroiled in legal controversy. His ability to capture the intensity of punk rock while also working with avant-garde compositions has earned him a reputation as a versatile and innovative engineer.
# Lino Aquea

Lino Aquea (born 3 October 1962) is a Chilean former cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Blue Clear Sky (song)

"Blue Clear Sky" is a song written by Bob DiPiero, John Jarrard and Mark D. Sanders, and recorded by American country music singer George Strait. It was released in March 1996 as the first single and title track from Strait's album of the same name. "Blue Clear Sky" was recorded in Nashville, Tennessee at Emerald Studios. The song reached Number One on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts.

## Background

Strait told Billboard that he loved the song when he first heard it, but he was also concerned. "I thought that 'Blue Clear Sky' didn't sound right to me, it should have been 'Clear Blue Sky.' Tony and I talked about it, and we came so close to messing it up. We finally called Bob DiPiero [one of the song's writers], and he said he got the line from Forrest Gump. Bob DiPiero writes in the GAC (Great American Country) featured article, Bob DiPiero Reveals The Story Behind "Blue Clear Sky" about the idea of the song. Bob says, "I went to see the movie "Forrest Gump." About halfway through the movie, Forest has a dialogue where he is talking about his girlfriend, Jenny. The dialogue went something like this...
"Jenny was gone, then all of a sudden, out of the blue clear sky, she was back."
Well, of course it's backwards. The real term is "out of the clear blue sky," but it grabbed my attention. The next day I was in a songwriting session with John Jarrard and Mark D. Sanders. I told them about this backwards idea and we wrote "Blue Clear Sky" about how love seems unfindable and then out of the blue, you find it."

## Cover versions

Country music singer Dierks Bentley covered the song from the television special George Strait: ACM Artist of the Decade All Star Concert.

## Critical reception

Deborah Evans Price, of Billboard magazine reviewed the song favorably, saying "that readily identifiable, likeable, warm Texas voice totally sells this sweet song about the joys of finding love." She discusses the "catchy, melodic introduction to the steel guitar weaving throughout this lively uptempo number." Her review was well received despite Erv Woolsey's (Erv Woolsey Talent Agency) statement, "He's [George Strait] becoming an event, and all he does is stand up there and sing", which may suggest that Strait could be seen as inactive up on stage.

## Chart performance

"Blue Clear Sky" debuted at number 41 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of April 6, 1996.
| Chart (1996) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 1 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 1 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1996) | Position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 17 |
| US Country Songs (Billboard) | 2 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Sarfaryab, Iran

Sarfaryab (Persian: سرفارياب) is a city in, and the capital of, Sarfaryab District of Charam County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. It also serves as the administrative center for Sarfaryab Rural District.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the population (as the village of Bar Aftab-e Sarfaryab in Sarfaryab Rural District of Kohgiluyeh County) was 1,968 in 453 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,723 people in 407 households, by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Charam County. The 2016 census measured the population as 1,995 people in 536 households, by which time Bar Aftab-e Sarfaryab had merged with the village of Eslamabad-e Mashayekh to form the city of Sarfaryab.