OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# National Geospatial Digital Archive

The National Geospatial Digital Archive (NGDA) is an archive of cartographic information funded by the Library of Congress through the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) in collaboration with the University of California Santa Barbara, and Stanford University. The purpose of the archive is to collect and preserve geospatial data and images on a national scale, and develop mechanisms for making data available for future generations.

## History

The NGDA is one of eight initial projects funded by the Library of Congress's National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program. It is a partnership between University of California Santa Barbara's Map & Imagery Laboratory at Davidson Library and Stanford University's Branner Earth Sciences Library.

## Objectives

Cartographic information is used by researchers, students, and other to study many subjects including disaster relief, population growth, and changes in agriculture. The NDIIPP established the National Geospatial Digital Library to several overlapping objectives. The primary objective is to establish an archive of, sometimes, at-risk digital data. The distributed nature of the archive is important in case of a natural or man-made disaster. The project is also developing mechanisms, like a wiki, to make the information available to users. An important goal of the project is building in flexibility so that changes in technology in the future will not damage the archive; this flexibility includes using metadata for all archived data. Other long-term objectives involve agreements between participating institutions about what information will be preserved and how the preservation will be carried out, how copyrighted material will be handled, and how universities can be assured that their faculty and students have access to their archived data.
# Cho Ho-sung

Cho Ho-sung (born 15 June 1974) is a South Korean former cyclist, who currently works as the team manager for UCI Continental team Seoul Cycling Team. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the men's omnium.

## Major results
### Road
#### 2002

    1st Stage 9 Tour of Qinghai Lake

#### 2003

    1st Stages 2, 4 & 6 Tour de Korea

#### 2009

    1st Tour de Seoul

#### 2011

    1st Stages 3, 4 & 6 Tour of Thailand

#### 2013

    Tour of Thailand
       1st Points classification
       1st Stages 3 & 5
    1st Stage 7 Tour de Korea
# Igor Čerenšek

Igor Čerenšek (born April 22, 1983) is a freestyle swimmer from Croatia, who made his Olympic debut for his native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. There he was eliminated in the qualifying heats (13th place) of the Men's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay, alongside Duje Draganja, Mario Delač and Ivan Mladina. He is a 2007 graduate of the University of Minnesota.
# John McKenna (hurler)

John 'Mackey' McKenna (born 1938 in Borrisokane, County Tipperary) is an Irish sportsman. He played hurling with his local clubs Borrisokane and Burgess and was a member of the Tipperary senior inter-county team from 1961 until 1968. McKenna won four All-Ireland titles, five Munster titles and one National Hurling League title with Tipperary.

## Honours
### Borrisokane

* North Tipperary Intermediate Hurling Championship: 1958, 1973

### Tipperary

* All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship: 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965
* Munster Senior Hurling Championship: 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968
* National Hurling League: 1960–61, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1967-68

### Munster

* Railway Cup: 1966
# Engstligen Falls

The Engstligen Falls near Adelboden in the Bernese Highlands consists of two waterfalls, Engstligen Fall I & II (German: Engstligenfall I & II) of heights of 97 metres (318 ft), and 165 metres (541 ft), respectively). They are listed in the Swiss Inventory of Landscapes of National Significance.
The Engstligen Falls have one of the highest water volumes of alpine waterfalls, and are one of Adelboden's attractions.
The numerous mountain streams of the Engstligenalp, a plateau at an elevation of 2,000 metres (6,600 ft), join together near its northern exit and cascade in two steps over the rocks, falling 375 metres into the Engstligen valley where they form the source of the river Entschlige.
The upper falls can be partly seen from the Engstligenalp cable railway; a full view is possible from the mule track leading up the rocks.
The lower falls are accessible on an easy mountain path from the lower station of the Engstligenalp cable railway.
In winter, the Engstligen Falls are a paradise for ice climbers.
# Shih Yi-fang

Shih Yi-fang (Chinese: 施義芳; born 10 February 1962) is a Taiwanese engineer and politician who had served as the member of the Legislative Yuan from 2016 to 2020.

## Education and early career

He earned a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) at National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, and obtained his Master of Science (M.S.) in civil engineering from National Central University. Shih has served as spokesman for a collective of civil engineering professional associations and represented the Farglory Group.

## Political career

Shih was placed on the Democratic Progressive Party's party list for the first time in 2008, and was defeated. He again represented the DPP as a proportional representation candidate in 2012, and lost for a second time. Shih ran for an at-large seat in 2016. Though he lost, Shih was selected to replace Lee Ying-yuan when Lee took office as minister of the Environmental Protection Administration. Shih was sworn in as a member of the Ninth Legislative Yuan on 26 May 2016. He was listed on the Democratic Progressive party list again in 2020, but lost reelection. Shih represented Taiwan at the 2023 World Engineers Convention.
# Leo White (judoka)

Leo White (born November 3, 1957) is a former Army officer and two-time member of the US Olympic judo team. White is one of the winningest judoka in US history. White currently holds the rank of 8th-degree black belt in judo.

## Personal life

White was the son of a retired Army sergeant and attended Monterey Peninsula College. White attended ROTC and graduated from Cumberland College in 1980. In 1984, he competed in the Olympics as a captain in the Army. White along with Bob Byrd implemented a judo program in Atlanta as an option outside of serving time for minor criminal offenses. White has been described as a gentleman and outstanding competitor. He married judo competitor Jackie White in 1993 and is currently the coach at Wakamusha Judo Club.

## Judo

White started judo at the age of 10 in Monterey, California, at the Monterey Judo, Jujitsu Academy and was instructed by sensei Bernard Baptista. At age 18 he won the 1976 United States Judo Federation Young Men's Championships. White won the collegiate championships in 1976 as well as the 1980 Pan Am's and AAU Nations. White won a silver in the 1981 CISM games. In 1982, White won two golds in the World Military Judo Championships. White was a member of the US team that won the Dutch Open in 1983. White became a 1983 Black Belt Magazine Hall of Fame Competitor of the Year. In 1983, White beat out Brewster Thompson for a berth at the 1984 Olympics. White was on the 1984 US Olympic Team as well as the 1992 US Olympic Team.
# Menninkäinen

In Finnish mythology and lore, a menninkäinen (pronounced) is believed to be a leprechaun-like inhabitant of the forests. Fairy tale depictions often involve riddling, dominance struggles and favors elicited. Menninkäinen were probably originally thought to be spirits of dead people, but folklore about them has changed during time, and they turned to be something else.
In modern usage, the word is usually used to mean goblins, hobgoblins and gnomes. Not all Finnish words for the little folk have an English equivalent, and vice versa, so confusion in the translation of these terms is quite common.
* This article related to Finnish paganism or mythology is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Backe, Sweden

Backe is a locality situated in Strömsund Municipality, Jämtland County, Sweden with 599 inhabitants in 2010.
# Last Exit to Garageland

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Last Exit to Garageland is the debut album by New Zealand band Garageland. It was released in 1996 on Flying Nun Records. The album was reissued in the UK on Discordant Records and in the US on Foodchain Records in September 1997. In 2003, Foodchain issued a newer release which included bonus tracks.

## Track listing
### 1996 Flying Nun release

* "Fingerpops"
* "Classically Diseased"
* "Beelines to Heaven"
* "Come Back"
* "Nude Star"
* "Fire Away"
* "Tired and Bored"
* "I'm Looking For What I Can't Get"
* "Never Gonna Come Around Here Again"
* "Return to You"
* "Jesus I'm Freezing"
* "Underground Nonsense"

### 2003 Foodchain release

* Intro
* Fingerpops
* Classically Diseased
* Nude Star
* Pop Cigar
* Beelines To Heaven
* Come Back
* Fire Away
* Tired And Bored
* I'm Looking For What I Can't Get
* Never Gonna Come Around Here Again
* Return To You
* Jesus I'm Freezing
* Fay Ray
* Underground Nonsense
* So You Want To Be A Rock N' Roll Star
* Bus Stops
* Struck
* Graduation From Frustration
* One Shot
* Shouldn't Matter But It Does
* Cherry Cola Vodka (Hold The Ice)

### 2017 Deluxe reissue

Source:
* Fingerpops (03:18)
* Classically Diseased (02:59)
* Beelines To Heaven (03:02)
* Come Back (03:20)
* Nude Star (05:27)
* Fire Away (02:27)
* Tired And Bored (03:55)
* I'm Looking For What I Can't Get (02:37)
* Never Gonna Come Around Here Again (04:04)
* Return To You (03:05)
* Jesus I'm Freezing (04:57)
* Underground Nonsense (03:07)
* Struck (03:27)
* What Will You Do (03:01)
* Fay Ray (02:58)
* Pop Cigar (04:46)
* Bus Stops (04:11)
* Something's Got A Hold (02:31)
* The Florida Impetigo Experience (02:59)
* Cherry Cola Vodka (Hold The Ice) (01:22)
* Feel Alright (04:06)
* One Shot (03:09)

## Personnel

* Jeremy Eade - guitar, vocals, lead guitar, organ
* Andrew Gladstone - drums, vocals, percussion, organ
* Mark Silvey - bass
* Debbie Silvey - guitar
* Murray Smith - keyboard on "Beelines to Heaven"
* Margaret Cooke - cello on "Beelines to Heaven"
* 'The most Rev. Jimmy Deep plays on "intro" and "outro"' (liner notes)
# Myers–Steenrod theorem

Two theorems in the mathematical field of Riemannian geometry bear the name Myers–Steenrod theorem, both from a 1939 paper by Myers and Steenrod. The first states that every distance-preserving surjective map (that is, an isometry of metric spaces) between two connected Riemannian manifolds is a smooth isometry of Riemannian manifolds. A simpler proof was subsequently given by Richard Palais in 1957. The main difficulty lies in showing that a distance-preserving map, which is a priori only continuous, is actually differentiable.
The second theorem, which is harder to prove, states that the isometry group Isom(M){\textstyle \mathrm {Isom} (M)} of a connected ${\mathcal {C}}^{2}$ Riemannian manifold M{\textstyle M} is a Lie group in a way that is compatible with the compact-open topology and such that the action Isom(M)×M⟶M{\textstyle \mathrm {Isom} (M)\times M\longrightarrow M} is C$^1${\textstyle {\mathcal {C}}^{1}}differentiable (in both variables). This is a generalization of the easier, similar statement when M{\textstyle M} is a Riemannian symmetric space: for instance, the group of isometries of the two-dimensional unit sphere is the orthogonal group O(3){\textstyle O(3)}. A harder generalization is given by the Bochner-Montgomery theorem, where Isom(M){\textstyle \mathrm {Isom} (M)} is replaced by a locally compact transformation group of diffeomorphisms of M{\textstyle M}.
# Nua, American Samoa

Nua is a village located in Lealataua County within the Western District of American Sāmoa. Serving as the administrative center for the administrative unit called Samatua, Nua is part of a region that includes several small localities situated between Leone and the western cape along the southwestern-facing bay. These localities comprise Nua, Seʻetaga, Faʻilolo, ʻAmanave, and Afao. Samatua consists of six towns and translates to “Elder”.

## History

On October 5, 1890, the steamship Alameda made a stop near the island of Tutuila. Among its passengers were Henry Adams, an American historian and writer, John La Farge, a renowned artist, and Rioza Awoki, a Japanese traveler. The trio disembarked and boarded a small schooner. They had plans of visiting Apia, however, adverse weather conditions forced them to alter their course, leading them to the harbor at Nua, where they spent their first night. During their stay in Nua, they encountered Wakea, a ceremonial village maiden, and attended their inaugural Samoan dance performance, which greatly impressed and enchanted them. Although Adams originally intended to remain in Sāmoa for only a month before continuing his voyage, he extended his stay to over three months.
During their stay in Nua, Adams, La Farge, and Awoki were captivated by the beauty and hospitality of the villagers. The village women, adorned with garlands of leaves and flowers, performed the traditional sivā dance. Illuminated by the flickering glow of kerosene lamps, the dancers moved with a fluidity and poise that evoked comparisons to classical antiquity. Adams noted the dancers' glistening, perfumed skin and the profound connection they appeared to have with their movements, which he compared to East Indian sculptures. Meanwhile, La Farge likened the scene to living art, observing how the aesthetics of the dance transported him to a "Greek Golden Age." The visitors were equally struck by the spiritual and cultural depth of the rituals at Nua, which contrasted sharply with their Western perceptions of dance and performance. This experience left an impression on the trio, influencing their writings and artwork in the years that followed.
# Leonardo Ferrel

Leonardo Ferrel Lobo (7 July 1923 – 11 July 2013) was a Bolivian football midfielder who played for Bolivia in the 1950 FIFA World Cup. He also played for The Strongest.
# Hossein Ghods-Nakhai

Hossein Ghods-Nakhaï (Persian: حسین قدس نخعی‎; GCVO 1894–1977) was an Iranian politician, cabinet minister, diplomat, and poet.

## Early life

He was the son of the Iranian clerk, Hajj Agha Hasan Nakhai. His brother was Muhammad Nakhai, who served as the Secretary of Persian Legation in Brussels starting in 1928. Like his father, Hossein's surname was initially Nakhaï. In his youth, he was the editor of a literature magazine, called Ghods, and so became known as "Mr. Ghods" to everyone. He then added the word Ghods to his surname. He was married to the daughter of the first Iranian ambassador to U.S., Sadr es-Saltaneh, also known as Haji Washington.

## Diplomatic and political career

He held the position of the minister of foreign affairs between 1961 and 1963. Before that he was ambassador to Baghdad, London, Tokyo (October 1956 to January 1958), and to Washington, D.C. (in the 1960s, during John F. Kennedy administration). Afterwards, he was appointed as the minister of the Royal Court, a post he held until 1968. He was replaced as the minister of court by Asadollah Alam. Afterwards, he became the ambassador to the Holy See (Vatican).
He was the chairman of the committee that negotiated with the Soviet Union on return to Iranian gold deposited with the Tsarist government.

## Literary life

Nakhaï wrote extensive volumes of poetry (including his Rubaiyat), and prose (including "Trail lost in heaven"). Some of his works have been translated into English and other languages.
# Pamela Hanson

Pamela Hanson (born 1954) is an American photographer and filmmaker, based in New York.

## Early life

Hanson was born in London and was raised in Geneva. She attended the American School in Lugano, Switzerland and later moved to the United States to pursue a degree in fine arts at the University of Colorado. After moving to Paris, she captured intimate portraits of friends which led to a career in photography. She currently resides in New York City and is represented Worldwide by LGA Management.

## Work

With over thirty years of experience in the fashion industry, Pamela Hanson is a world-renowned photographer whose work has been regularly featured in Vogue (American, French, British, German, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Chinese), Elle (American, French), Glamour (American, British, Italian), Porter, Harper's Bazaar (American, British, Australian), Vanity Fair (American, Italian, German), GQ (American, Australian), CR Fashion Book, InStyle, Town and Country, Telegraph Luxury, Stylist, Lula, Violet, and Lady. Other clients include: Estée Lauder, Dior, Furla, Ralph Lauren, Jimmy Choo, Lingua Franca, Avon, Gillette, J. Crew, Madewell, Esprit, Triumph, Yahoo Style, Clairol, Victoria’s Secret, Rent the Runway, Violet Grey, Reebok and Zenni Optical.
Her photographs have been sold to raise money for charities and organizations within the United States.
In June 2009, one of Hanson's ten nude photographs of Carla Bruni shot in 1994 was sold to an anonymous buyer for $19,600 at the spring auction at the Villa Grisebach Auktionen in Berlin.
Pamela Hanson has directed several video and television commercials for clients including Estée Lauder, Elizabeth and James, Avon, Warby Parker, L’Oreal, Johnson & Johnson, Charlotte Ronson, Stride Rite, Lubriderm, and the CFDA. Pamela also directed a series of television spots to raise funds for finding a Juvenile Diabetes cure and has received an award from the Association of Independent Commercial Producers (AICP) for her “Family Stories” short documentary, a public service announcement collaboration with The Partnership at Drugfree.org.
Hanson has directed television commercials; in June 2003, she directed a series of television spots to raise funds for finding a Juvenile Diabetes cure.

## Publications

* Girls (2001)
* Boys (2006)
* Private Room (2017)

## Exhibitions

Hanson's photographs were on display at the Aperture Gallery in Fall 2008.
She is represented by New York gallery Staley-Wise. Her photographs were part of their exhibition Women Seeing Women.

## Collections

* Smithsonian American Art Museum
# Boulderthon

Boulderthon is an American marathon non-profit organization in Boulder, Colorado, founded by Phil Dumontet.

## Background

Boulderthon is the Boulder marathon and half-marathon. Phil Dumontet founded and acquired the race from Boulder Backroads in December 2019. 3,000 runners raced the Boulder Reservoir to Pearl Street for the inaugural Boulderthon.
In 2023, Boulderthon was named one of the Best Fall Marathons in the US by Runners World.
The event nearly tripled in size in its second year, and added a kids fun run, a 5K, a 10K, as well as the signature full and half marathons. The race features an expo and fun finish line festivities, as well as runners from all 50 states, 15 countries, and an elite field.
In its third annual edition, Boulderthon become Colorado’s biggest fall race series, with an estimated 7,000+ runners total.
When the Twin Cities Marathon was cancelled due to heat, Boulderthon organizers opened their arms and honored all race bibs the following weekend, resulting in hundreds of Twin Cities participants running.
Dumontet spent four years to bring the event to life as he didn't want to put an extra strain on the town's race calendar, and acquiring a competition and bringing it downtown prevented that. To make the Boulderthon quintessentially Boulder, Dumontet focused on course development. The mostly flat, point-to-point route starts at Boulder Reservoir, finishes on the bricks of Pearl Street Mall, and includes striking views.
# Tihomir Franković

Tihomir Franković (born 30 September 1970) is a Croatian rower who won a bronze medal in the eights competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. His teammates were Igor Boraska, Nikša Skelin, Siniša Skelin, Branimir Vujević, Krešimir Čuljak, Tomislav Smoljanović and Igor Francetić.
He was a world record (world's best time) holder, for 20 years, in a coxed pair event set at 1994 World rowing championship.
# Krešimir Čuljak

Krešimir Čuljak (born 18 September 1970 in Zagreb) is a Croatian rower who won a bronze medal in the eights competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, along with Igor Boraska, Nikša Skelin, Siniša Skelin, Branimir Vujević, Tomislav Smoljanović, Tihomir Franković and Igor Francetić.
# Emanuel Horvatiček

Emanuel Horvatiček (born 22 June 1979 in Osijek, Osijek-Baranja) is a Croatian sprint canoer who competed in the mid-2000s. He competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, but eliminated in the semifinals of the C-1 500 m and the C-1 1000 m events.
# Abdul Muyeed Chowdhury

Abdul Muyeed Chowdhury is a retired Bangladeshi career bureaucrat and former adviser, with the rank of minister, of the Latifur Rahman caretaker government. He is incumbent chairman of Bangladesh Biman, the national airlines of Bangladesh.

## Early life

Chowdhury completed his bachelor's degree and master's in history from Dhaka University in 1964 and 1965 respectively. He went to the University of Tennessee on a Fulbright Program scholarship.

## Career

Chowdhury joined the Civil Service of Pakistan in 1967. From 1975 to 1978, he was the deputy commissioner of Faridpur District. From 1991 to 1994, he was the CEO and managing director of Bangladesh Biman. From 1994 to 2000, he served as secretary in a number of ministries.
Chowdhury was the head of the Internal Resources Division and later the National Board of Revenue. In 2000, he served as an adviser in Latifur Rahman's cabinet with the rank of a minister. He worked as the executive director of BRAC from 2000 to 2006.
Chowdhury served as the vice president of Bangladesh Olympic Association. He is the founder and CEO of Tiger Tours Limited. He is an independent director of ACI Limited, Pioneer Insurance Company Ltd, and Summit Alliance Port Limited. He is the director of MJLBL.
On 20 August 2024, Chowdhury was appointed chairman of Bangladesh Biman Airlines.
# Abd Rahman Yusof

Abd Rahman bin Yusof (24 August 1956 – 7 June 2021) was a Malaysian politician who served as a Member of Dewan Rakyat for Kemaman from 1999 to 2004. He was also a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR).
Yusof died on 07 June 2021.

## Election results

Parliament of Malaysia :
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout |
| 1999 | P040 Kemaman | Abd Rahman Yusof (KeADILan) | 20,715 | 51.92% | Wan Zaki Wan Muda (UMNO) | 19,180 | 48.08% | 40,878 | 1,535 | 80.76% |
| 2004 | P040 Kemaman | Abd Rahman Yusof (PKR) | 20,635 | 35.1% | Ahmad Shabery Cheek (UMNO) | 36,517 | 62.5% | 58,461 | 15,882 | 88.02% |
| 2018 | P039 Dungun | Abd Rahman Yusof (PKR) | 6,833 | 9.06% | Wan Hassan Mohd Ramli (PAS) | 40,850 | 54.17% | 76,706 | 13,119 | 84.79% |
| 2018 | P039 Dungun | Abd Rahman Yusof (PKR) | 6,833 | 9.06% | Din Adam (UMNO) | 27,731 | 36.77% | 76,706 | 13,119 | 84.79% |
# 6th Cavalry Museum

The 6th Cavalry Museum is a military history museum located in Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. The museum is dedicated to the 6th Cavalry Regiment, a regiment of the United States Army that began as a regiment of cavalry in the American Civil War, and is still active today. It is focused on those who served at the U.S. Army Post at Fort Oglethorpe from 1902 to 1946. The museum was established in 1981 by veterans who served in the cavalry.

## History

In 1981, the museum was established. By 2005, the veterans who were currently running the museum hired Chris McKeever, the museums first executive director, as they were getting too old to run it themselves entirely. McKeever retired and was succeeded by Jenny Pack in 2022. Also in 2022, the museum was updated to be a part of the Fort Olgethorpe Historic District.

## Collections

The displays of the museum include uniforms, weapons, photographs and vehicles from the regiment. Seminars on military history are sometimes given at the museum. The museum's collection includes artifacts that were discovered in Latvia from the Eastern Front of WWII. The museum also hosts World War Two reenactments. Most activities of the museum were closed, and it operated mainly through its now closed website during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.