OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Güiro

The güiro (Spanish pronunciation:) is a percussion instrument consisting of an open-ended, hollow gourd with parallel notches cut in one side. It is played by rubbing a stick or tines (see photo) along the notches to produce a ratchet sound.
The güiro is commonly used in Cuban, Puerto Rican, and other forms of Latin American music, and plays a key role in the typical rhythm section of important genres like son, trova and salsa. Playing the güiro usually requires both long and short sounds, made by scraping up and down in long or short strokes.
The güiro, like the maracas, is often played by a singer. It is closely related to the Cuban guayo, Dominican güira, and Haitian graj which are made of metal. Other instruments similar to the güiro are the Colombian guacharaca, the Brazilian reco-reco, the Cabo Verdean ferrinho, the quijada (cow jawbone) and the frottoir (French) or fwotwa (French Creole) (washboard).

## Etymology

In the Arawakan language, a language of the indigenous people of Latin America and spread throughout the Caribbean spoken by groups such as the Taíno, güiro referred to fruit of the güira and an instrument made from fruit of the güira.

## Construction and design

The güiro is a notched, hollowed-out gourd. Often, the calabash gourd is used. The güiro is made by carving parallel circular stripes along the shorter section of the elongated gourd. Today, many güiros are made of wood or fiberglass.

## History

The güiro was adapted from an instrument which originated in South America. The Aztecs produced an early cousin to the güiro, called the omitzicahuastli, which was created from a small bone with serrated notches and was played in the same manner as the güiro. The Taíno people of the Caribbean have been credited with the origins of the güiro. The Taínos of Puerto Rico developed the güajey, a long gourd or animal bone with notches, an antecedent of the modern day güiro.

## Use in music

Across Latin America and the Caribbean, the güiro can be found in a variety of traditional, folk dance music and used in dance ensembles and religious festivals. In the Yucatán Peninsula, the güiro is used in two Mayan dances, the mayapax and the jarana. In Cuba, the güiro is used in the genre danzón. In Puerto Rico, the güiro often associated with the music of the jíbaro and is used in the musical genres of the plena, the seis, and the danza. In the Caribbean coast, the güiro was used in traditional, folk dance cumbia music and is still used in modern cumbia music. In Panama, the güiro can be found in folk dances such as the merjorana and cumbia.

### Use in classical music

The güiro is used in classical music both to add Latin American flavor, and also purely for its instrumental qualities.
Examples of compositions including a güiro are Uirapuru by Heitor Villa-Lobos (though the score specifies reco-reco), Latin-American Symphonette by Morton Gould and The Rite of Spring (Le Sacre du printemps) by Stravinsky.

## Gallery

* Cuban güiro
* Modern fibreglass Cuban güiro
* Puerto Rican güiro or güícharo
* Brazilian reco-reco
* Güiro for children
* Mexican güiro
* Peruvian güiro
# Israel Schorr

Israel Schorr (1886 - April 9, 1935) was a prominent cantor during the Golden Age of Hazzanut. Born in Khyriv, the Polish region of Galicia then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire to a Hasidic family, Schorr began his career as a boy, singing soprano in the courts of various Hasidic masters, notably the Rebbe (Grand Rabbi) of Rymanow. In 1904, Schorr replaced his distant relative Hazzan Boruch Schorr as the official cantor for the rebbe of Rymanów.
During World War I, Schorr served in the Imperial army of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. After the war, he took various cantorial posts in central and eastern Europe, including Brno in Czechoslovakia, Kraków in Poland and a brief stint in Zürich, Switzerland. With help from Congressman Sol Bloom of Chicago, Schorr emigrated to the United States in 1924 on an artist's visa to accept a position in Chicago. He later served in cantorial positions in New York City. Some of his family still live in New York, and the city of Boston. Massachusetts. He also performed frequently, including with the cantor Yossele Rosenblatt. Schorr had a baritone voice and in the mid-1920s declined an offer to perform in vaudeville. His father Morris Schorr was also a famous cantor in New York.
Apart from performing the traditional pieces of the Jewish liturgy, Schorr also wrote liturgical pieces. He introduced improvisational lines to the pieces, many of which were later adopted by other prominent cantors. His best-known piece in this style is Sheyibone Beis HaMikdosh, which was modified by Cantor Moshe Koussevitzky.
He was married to Mina Pinczowski Schorr and had two sons and four daughters. Schorr died prematurely of a heart condition in 1935. His son, Morris Schorr, went on to become a cantor in Elizabeth, New Jersey. He was one of the founding members of the Cantor's Assembly.
# Gloria Mosquera

Gloria Camila Mosquera Riascos is a Colombian taekwondo practitioner. She won the gold medal in the women's +67 kg event at the 2022 South American Games in Asunción, Paraguay and the 2022 Bolivarian Games in Valledupar, Colombia. She also won the gold medal in her event at the 2022 Pan American Taekwondo Championships held in Punta Cara, Dominican Republic.
In 2019, Mosquera competed in the women's heavyweight event at the World Taekwondo Championships held in Manchester, United Kingdom. She won the silver medal in the women's +67 kg event at the Pan American Games held in Lima, Peru.
Mosquera competed in the women's heavyweight event at the 2022 World Taekwondo Championships held in Guadalajara, Mexico. She also competed in the women's heavyweight event at the 2023 World Taekwondo Championships held in Baku, Azerbaijan.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Location | Result | Event |
| Representing Colombia |||||
| 2017 | Bolivarian Games | Santa Marta, Colombia | 1st | +73 kg |
| 2018 | South American Games | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 1st | +67 kg |
| 2018 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Barranquilla, Colombia | 3rd | +73 kg |
| 2019 | Pan American Games | Lima, Peru | 2nd | +67 kg |
| 2021 | Pan American Championships | Cancún, Mexico | 3rd | +73 kg |
| 2022 | Pan American Championships | Punta Cana, Dominican Republic | 1st | +73 kg |
| 2022 | Bolivarian Games | Valledupar, Colombia | 1st | +67 kg |
| 2022 | South American Games | Asunción, Paraguay | 1st | +67 kg |
| 2023 | Central American and Caribbean Games | San Salvador, El Salvador | 1st | +67 kg |
| 2023 | Pan American Games | Santiago, Chile | 2nd | +67 kg |
| 2024 | Pan American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 1st | +73 kg |
# Lise Baron

Lise Baron is a French documentary filmmaker. She lives in Nantes.

## Biography

After studying ancient history, Lise Baron worked as a production manager and literary director for various documentary production companies. Later, she moved into directing. Her first film, "Students, All to the Factory! – Journeys of Working-Class Maoists," was made in 2018. In this documentary, she interviewed former Parisian students who, after the events of May 1968, went to work in factories.
In 2020, she co-directed a documentary with Aurélien Bonnet on medically assisted reproduction. Given that both Lise Baron and Aurélien Bonnet had personal experiences with assisted reproduction, they explored their own journey and compared it to those of several other couples.
In 2021, she completed her fifth documentary, focusing on Marguerite Duras as a writer while also delving into her role as a filmmaker and the political aspects of her character.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2018 | Etudiants, tous à l'usine ! – Itinéraires de maoïstes ouvriers | Director | Documentary |
| 2018 | La traite atlantique, archipel de la mémoire | Director | Documentary |
| 2019 | Erika, au nom de la mer | Director | Documentary |
| 2020 | Éprouvantes éprouvettes | Director | Documentary |
| 2020 | Marguerite, l'écriture et la vie | Director | Documentary |
| 2022 | Dans nos prisons, histoire d'une lutte | Director | Documentary |
| 2023 | les Années sida, à la mort, à la vie | Director | Documentary |

## Awards

* 2023 : Grand Prize of Jury at Justice Documentary Festival Paris
# Bosniak Americans

Bosniak Americans (Bosnian: Američki Bošnjaci) are Americans whose ancestry can be traced to Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Sanjak region. The majority of Bosniak Americans immigrated to the United States during the Bosnian War which lasted from 1992 to 1995. Nevertheless, the first Bosniaks settled in Chicago in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The largest Bosniak American population can be found in St. Louis and Chicago, which boast the largest number of Bosniaks in the world outside of Europe.

## History
### Early period

The first Bosniaks settled in Chicago in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Bosniak immigrants were of the Islamic faith so they were the early leaders in the establishment of Chicago's Islamic community. In 1906, they established the Dzemijetul Hajrije (The Benevolent Society) of Illinois to preserve the community's religious and national traditions, as well as to provide assistance for funerals and illnesses. The organization established branches in Gary, Indiana, in 1913, and Butte, Montana, in 1916, and is the oldest existing Islamic organization in the United States.

### Bosnian War (1992–1995)

The War in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to 1995 brought the largest influx of Bosniaks to St Louis, which became the most popular United States destination for Bosniak refugees. It is estimated that 40,000 refugees moved to the St. Louis area in the 1990s and early 2000s, bringing the total Bosniak population St. Louis to around 70,000. In Chicago, the Bosniak community has largely settled in the northern part of the city, between Lawrence and Howard, from Clark to Lake Michigan. Many refugees suffered from Post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of gruesome experiences in concentration camps and the death of family and friends. The Illinois Department of Human Services founded the Bosnian Refugee Center in 1994 with the help of public and private agencies to assist the newcomers, and in 1997 it became the nonprofit Bosnian & American Community Center. Staffed by Bosniak refugees, the center serves all refugees by providing community services that include educational and family programs, counseling, and cultural activities.
# 1935 Soviet Union legislative election

Elections to the seventh All-Union Congress of Soviets were held in January 1935, with 2,022 deputies elected or delegated.

## Results

| | All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) | 1,498 | +347 |
| | Komsomol | 99 | +64 |
| | Independents | 425 | +35 |
| Total | Total | 2,022 | +446 |
# Mitchel Steenman

Mitchel Steenman (born 17 June 1984 in Dirksland) is a Dutch rower.
Steenman took part in the World Championships of 2007 in Munich becoming tenth in the eights. He qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing with the Dutch eights forming a team with Olaf van Andel, Jozef Klaassen, Meindert Klem, David Kuiper, Diederik Simon, Olivier Siegelaar, Rogier Blink and cox Peter Wiersum. Due to an injury Siegelaar was replaced by Reinder Lubbers during the tournament.
# Discovery High School of Newton-Conover

Discovery High School is part of Newton-Conover City Schools and is one of the two high schools in the district, alongside Newton-Conover High School. Founded in 2005, it was created through a partnership grant with the North Carolina New Schools Project and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. As of 2021, The school has 211 students on roll in grades 9–12.
# Mariana Rios

Mariana Rios Botelho (born 4 July 1985) is a Brazilian actress and singer-songwriter.

## Biography

Rios began singing at age seven. To begin her career, she moved to Uberaba, where she played several gigs with local bar bands. She participated in music festivals and was hired by a studio to sing jingles. At 15 she moved to Rio de Janeiro and graduated in Casa de Arte das Laranjeiras. Before joining the cast of the telenovela Malhação, she participated in two musicals with Oswaldo Montenegro.
In 2008, she joined the cast of the telenovela Malhação as Yasmin, a 17-year-old girl whose parents are often absent and try to compensate this by buying her expensive gifts. Due to the success of Yasmin, Rios made the cover of the August 2008 magazine Capricho (1051 edition). Mariana lives alone in Rio de Janeiro since she turned 18 years old. She has a relationship with the vocalist of the band NX Zero, Di Ferrero. She played the character Nancy in the 2010 Rede Globo telenovela Araguaia.
In 2015, Rios will play Elphaba in the Brazilian production of Wicked.

## Career

Movie :
| Year | Title | Character | Note |
| 2011 | Não Se Preocupe, Nada Vai Dar Certo | Rosa | |
| 2012 | Totalmente Inocentes | Gildinha | |
| 2012 | The Lorax | Audrey | Dubbing |
| 2015 | Órfãos do Eldorado | Claudia | |
| 2017 | My Little Pony | Tempest Shadow | Dubbing |
Television :
| Year | Title | Character | Note |
| 2002 | Fama | Participant | Seasons 1 |
| 2007–09 | Malhação | Yasmin Fontes / Blue Spencer | Seasons 15–16 |
| 2010 | Araguaia | Nancy Santos | |
| 2012 | Salve Jorge | Adriana Sampaio Alencar (Drika) | |
| 2013 | Além do Horizonte | Celina Machado | |
| 2015–16 | Superbonita | News Reporter | |
| 2015–16 | Se Arrume Comigo | Presenter | |
| 2016 | Totalmente Demais | Herself | Episode: "April 9, 2016" |
| 2016 | The Voice Brasil | Presenter (Backstage) | Season 5 |
| 2017 | Popstar | Contestant | Season 1 |
| 2018 | O Sétimo Guardião | | |
| 2021 | Show dos Famosos | Contestant | |
| 2021–present | Back to 15 | Luiza Rocha | |
| 2022 | Ilha Record | Presenter | Season 2 |
| 2023–present | A Grande Conquista | Presenter | |

## Discography
### Studio Album

| Year | Album |
| 2009 | Mariana Rios |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Charts | Charts | Album |
| Year | Single | BRA Hot 100 | BRA Year End | Album |
| 2008 | "Amar é Assim Mesmo" | 32 | — | Malhação 2008 |
| 2009 | "Incendeia" | 27 | — | Malhação 2009 |
| 2009 | "Insônia" | 50 | — | Mariana Rios |
| 2015 | "Reach Me" | — | — | Second studio album |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Nomination | Result |
| 2008 | Prêmio Extra de TV | Best newcomer actress | Nominated |
| 2008 | Best of the year: Domingão do Faustão | Best newcomer actress | Won |
| 2009 | Capricho Awards | Best Brazilian actress | Won |
# Treaty of Rastatt

The Treaty of Rastatt was a peace treaty between France and Austria that was concluded on 7 March 1714 in the Baden city of Rastatt to end the War of the Spanish Succession between both countries. The treaty followed the Treaty of Utrecht of 11 April 1713, which had ended hostilities between France and Spain, on the one hand, and Great Britain and the Dutch Republic, on the other. A third treaty at Baden, Switzerland, was required to end the hostilities between France and the Holy Roman Empire.
By 1713, all parties to the war had been militarily depleted, and it was unlikely that continuing the conflict would bring about any results in the foreseeable future. The First Congress of Rastatt opened in November 1713 between France and Austria. The negotiations culminated in the Treaty of Rastatt on 7 March 1714, which ended hostilities and complemented the Treaty of Utrecht, which had been signed the previous year.
The Treaty of Rastatt was negotiated by Marshal of France, Claude Louis Hector de Villars, and the Austrian Prince Eugene of Savoy.
The treaty is associated with changes in European politics to emphasise the balance of power.

## Background

Austria began to negotiate the treaty with France after it had been abandoned by its allies, particularly Great Britain, during the negotiations for the Treaty of Utrecht. Great Britain feared a possible personal union of Austria and Spain under the Emperor Charles VI, who took the imperial throne in 1711 and claimed the Spanish throne, since that would shift the European balance of power toward the House of Habsburg.
In June 1713, France launched its Rhine campaign against the Holy Roman Empire and conquered Kaiserslautern, Landau and Breisgau. After those defeats, Emperor Charles VI accepted an offer by Louis XIV of France to reopen negotiations.

## Territorial changes

Under the treaty, Austria received the Spanish territories in Italy, namely Naples, Milan, and Sardinia. It also received the Southern Netherlands. Austria also gained Freiburg and several other small areas at its eastern borders from France. However, France retained Landau.
As a result of the treaty, the Habsburg Empire reached its largest territorial extent since the division of the possessions of Charles V in 1556. Moreover, bargaining in Rastatt enabled Austria to gain much more than it was offered at Utrecht, where it had originally also participated as a negotiating party. However, Emperor Charles VI was outraged at the loss of Spain and thus considered the war's outcome an unacceptable failure.
For France, the treaties of Utrecht and Rastatt confirmed that the throne of Spain would belong to the House of Bourbon, but denied France the additional territorial gains that it had sought. The treaties also affirmed that the thrones of France and Spain could not be united.
# Mari, Pakistan

Mari is a historic ruin in Mianwali District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the district Gazetteer of Mianwali of 1915 the remains of Mari (and the nearby ruin of Kafir Kot) "are indication of the existence of a Hindu civilization of considerable importance and antiquity". The ruins of Mari are located in Mianwali Tehsil at 32° 57' 32″ N, 71° 35' 7″ E.
According to the 1915 District Gazetteer:
   there is a picturesque Hindu ruin, crowning the gypsum hill, locally called Maniot (from Manikot, meaning fort of jewels), on which the Kalabagh diamonds are found. The ruins themselves must once have been extensive. It appears that the very top of the hill was built over with a large palace or fort. The massive walls belonging to one of the rooms, which still stands out of the debris in an almost tottering condition, and the ornamental carving thereon, testify to the magnitude of the building and the skill employed in its construction. Lower down the eastern slope, there are two small temple shaped buildings of the same style and material, similar to those found at the two Kafirkots. These buildings were either temples or out-offices serving as sentinel's posts. The local account of these ruins is that the structures were erected by the Pandavas while they were in exile. If there is any truth in this, they should date from the Mahabharat time. There is no evidence, however, justifying the assignment of so old an origin to them. Some fakir is known to have taken up his abode on this hill at a more recent date. At his death, he was cremated there, and his remains deposited in one of the temple-shaped buildings, and probably the remains of one of his disciples were interred in the other. These temples are now revered by the Hindus as the samadh of that fakir, who is known as Naga Arjan or Naga Uddhar. While there are no traces of massive fortifications like those at Kafir Kot Til Raja, some surviving people have reported seeing remnants of arrangements for lifting water out of the river. People occasionally find old coins among the ruins. The discovered silver coins, roughly the size of a four-anna piece, bear the impression of a horse on one side and a bullock on the other.
# River City High

River City High is an American rock band from Richmond, Virginia, United States. Like many Richmond punk bands, they incorporate other influences into their music, specifically classic rock. They formed out of the bands Fun Size and Inquisition, the latter also including members who would form Strike Anywhere and Ann Beretta.
They released their debut EP in 2000 on Big Wheel Recreation, and quickly signed to Doghouse Records thereafter. For the next three years the group toured the United States, playing over 200 shows a year. They signed a contract with MCA Records but the company folded in 2003 before they could release the material they had recorded for the label. Following some lineup changes, the group returned to Doghouse, and won the 2004 MTV Dew Circuit Breakout contest.

## Members
### Current

* James Menefee - bass and lead vocals
* Mark Avery - guitar
* Chip Cosby - guitar
* Gregg Brooks - drums

### Former

* Pedro Aida
* Greg Butler
* Johnathan Sullivan
* Cam DiNunzio
* Bobby "Raw" Anderson
* Zac Clark
* Jay McMillan
* Curtis Patton
* Allen Skillman

## Discography

* Richmond Motel [EP] CD (Big Wheel Recreation, 2000)
* Forgets Their Manners EP CD (Doghouse Records, 2001)
* Won't Turn Down CD (Doghouse Records/Big Wheel Recreation, 2001)
* Extended Play EP CD (Doghouse Records, 2004)
* Not Enough Saturday Nights CD (Takeover Records, 2006)
# Juan León

Juan León (1919 – 1992) was a Cuban professional baseball outfielder in the Negro leagues in the 1940s.
A native of Gibara, Cuba, León played for the New York Cubans in 1948. In 13 recorded games, he posted 19 hits and eight RBI in 57 plate appearances.
# Piet Rooijakkers

Piet Rooijakkers (born August 16, 1980 in Gerwen, North Brabant) is a road bicycle racer from the Netherlands. He retired after the 2010 season after his previous team Skil–Shimano did not offer him a contract extension.

## Biography

After Rooijakkers finished his Bachelor's degree in business in 2002, he decided to find a part-time job so he would have enough time for cycling. In 2003, he joined the cycling team "Lowik Meubelen-Tegeltoko". He started the Olympia's Tour in that same year, but fell in the fifth stage and could not race for the remainder of the season.
He returned for the 2004 season and won the Criterium of Lieshout and finished third in the Dutch National Amateur Road Race Championships ('vrije renners'). He delivered a very strong performance in the Ster Elektrotour, which gained him the interest of the Axa Pro Cycling Team, who, in 2005, signed him as a semi-professional. In that same year Rooijakkers won four races. In October 2005, Piet signed with Skil–Shimano for 2006, with whom he remained until his retirement in 2010.
Rooijakkers started in the 2009 Tour de France, where he fell during the 4th stage (a team time trial). He broke his arm and had to retire from the race.

## Major results
### 2003

    2nd Ronde van Overijssel

### 2004

    2nd Ronde van Overijssel
    6th Overall Olympia's Tour
    9th Hel van het Mergelland

### 2005

    1st Stage 9 Olympia's Tour
    4th Ronde van Overijssel
    9th Overall Ster Elektrotoer
    10th Noord-Nederland Tour

### 2006

    5th Road race, National Road Championships
    6th Omloop van het Houtland
    9th Overall Danmark Rundt

### 2007

    5th Overall Tour of Britain
    5th Overall Four Days of Dunkirk

### 2008

    1st Stage 1b (TTT) Brixia Tour
    5th Nationale Sluitingprijs
    7th Overall Ster Elektrotoer

### 2009

    5th Overall Ster Elektrotoer
    10th Overall Tour Méditerranéen

### 2010

    6th Batavus Prorace