# Napoleon at Leipzig

Napoleon at Leipzig is a board wargame published by Operational Studies Group in 1979 that simulates the Battle of Leipzig.

## Development and publication history

Napoleon at Leipzig was designed by Kevin Zucker, with artwork by Rick Barber, Larry Catalano, Louis Dumoulin, Charles Kibler, Ted Koller and Felicien von Myrbach-Rheinfeld, and was published by Operational Studies Group in 1979. Clash of Arms then bought the rights and published three editions, before Operational Studies Group regained the rights and published the 5th edition in 2013. Counting all editions, over 20,000 copies have been sold.

## Gameplay

Napoleon at Leipzig is a two-player wargame focused on the Battle of Leipzig in 1813, where Napoleon's French forces were surrounded by a force twice its size. The game system uses an "I Go, You Go", alternating series of turns, where one player moves and attacks, followed by the other player. Players have a choice, in order of increasing complexity, of Basic rules, Campaign rules and Grand Tactical rules. Under the Campaign rules Army Commanders use Officers (ie. corps commanders) to transmit orders to move and fight to the units. Without an Officer within suitable distance, a unit will not attack, and can only move to get closer to the Officer.
The first two layers of rules rules are similar to those of Napoleon's Last Battles, but the “grand tactical” rules adds ratings for commanders. Leaders are rated for initiative (similar to the mechanism in War Between The States). Michel Ney is more competent on retreat but may command only one corps in attack, whereas Joachim Murat can command two corps (or four cavalry corps) in attack. The Allies have only weak central control of their three armies, and Blücher is much more likely to attack than Schwarzenberg. For the French, Napoleon issues a general order every four hours: general offensive, local offensive (by one Officer and his units), consolidation (no unit may enter into enemy zone of control), desperate defence (defending units must take losses rather than retreat), tactical withdrawal (moving units fall back on Leipzig) or general withdrawal (no entry to enemy zone of control allowed unless blocking the way).
Other rules (as of 1980) allow units in reserve to move free of command restrictions behind friendly lines, for cavalry to conduct charges, either overrunning the enemy position or being themselves eliminated, and for a token attack with experimental Congreve rockets by the British Rocket Troop attached to Bernadotte's army.

### Components

The game components of the first edition are:
* two 22" x 34" 6-color mapsheets
* 400 1/2" counters, including 90 blanks
* an 8-page rulebook
* a 32-page study folder
* an errata card
* a 6-sided die
By comparison, the game components of the fifth edition are:
* three maps (two 22" x 34", one 17" x 22")
* 560 1/2" counters
* 22-page rulebook
* study folder
* 4-page folder with random card instructions
* 20 pages of charts, schedules and player aids
* 100 random event cards

## Reception

In Issue 78 of Puzzles & Games, Nick Palmer thought that players who liked the simple SPI quadrigame Napoleon's Last Battles "will love this game." However, Palmer noted "The trouble is that these pretty advanced leadership rules continue to build on a simple basic structure, and it one plays the full Grand Tactical Game, the effect is top-heavy." Palmer concluded by giving the game an above average Excitement rating of 4 out of 5, saying, "I suspect that Napoleon's Last Battles fans will not want to be bothered by all the extra rules." Palmer repeated his opinion in The Best of Board Wargaming: the extra layer of command rules "begins to overload the basic system … the game is a shade over-elaborate if all the rules are used".
In Issue 53 of Moves, Ian Chadwick didn't like the campaign game's Allied victory condition around the destruction of the Leipzig bridge, saying it did not reflect the actual battle. He also found many of the darker-colored counters difficult to read. But he concluded that overall "this is a good, playable game", and gave the game an "A" for playability, a "B" for historical accuracy, and a "C" for component quality.
In Issue 21 of Phoenix (September/October 1979), Doug Davies found the game components "physically rather disappointing" but in terms of simulation, playability and enjoyment, "it scores favourable marks." At the end of an in-depth examination of the game, he concluded, "All in all this is an excellent game which I would highly recommend. It succeeds in its prime objective of illustrating the command system of the Napoleonic era extremely effectively and does it in a style which makes it entertaining and enjoyable to play."
In the 1980 book The Complete Book of Wargames, game designer Jon Freeman called this "a stunningly beautiful game [...] everything is calculated to please the eye." He also noted the "excellent historical notes and a good order of battle." Freeman was less enthused about the new command control system, saying, "The added command features are interesting, but they do make things top-heavy in that department for what is otherwise a fairly simple system." He also noted issues with game balance, saying, "The French seem to do a bit too well. Whether this is caused by the system or design bias is difficult to determine, but it takes the edge off what is otherwise a very nice effort." Freeman concluded by giving the game an Overall Evaluation of "Good."
Retired Colonel Bill Gray reviewed the 5th edition for Wargamer, and his verdict was "Get the game." He even encouraged players who already owned a previous copy of the game to buy this edition: "The graphics are state of the art, the map is bigger for more maneuvers, the clash at Hanau is included as a bonus and the game system so radically updated as to nearly count as original." Gray admitted that although he collected wargames for research purposes, he rarely played them. "Napoleon at Leipzig is one game I will actually play, and play again." He concluded "As Russian Prince Pyotr Bagration said of the bold advance of the French 57th Ligne at Borodino, Bravo Messieurs, c'est superbe!"

## Awards

At the 1980 Origins Awards, Napoleon at Leipzig won the Charles S. Roberts Award for Best Pre-20th Century Game of 1979.

## Other reviews and commentary
### 1st edition

* Zone of Control #7
* Moves #7
* Fire & Movement #24
* International Wargamer Vol. 5 #2
* The Wargamer Vol. 1 #4
* Panzerfaust #63
* Simulacrum #19
* Battle Flag Vol. 1 #26
* Casus Belli #56

### 5th edition

* Consimworld News/Board Game Geek