OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2018 North Antrim recall petition

The North Antrim recall petition was a 2018 recall petition for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of North Antrim, in Northern Ireland, the first since the procedure was introduced by the Recall of MPs Act 2015. It was triggered when North Antrim's MP, Ian Paisley Jr, was suspended from the House of Commons for 30 days for advocating for Sri Lanka after failing to declare that its government had paid for his visits there. In the prescribed six-week period, 9.4% of the registered electorate signed the petition, short of the 10% required to unseat Paisley and force a by-election.

## Background

Paisley was first elected MP for North Antrim in the 2010 general election, retaining his seat in 2015 and 2017. In September 2017, The Daily Telegraph alleged that Paisley received hospitality from the government of Sri Lanka for two visits there in 2013 without declaring it, and pointed out that he had been involved in securing a post-Brexit trade deal with that country.
In July 2018, the Commons Select Committee on Standards recommended that Paisley be suspended from the Commons for 30 sitting days, for not declaring visits to Sri Lanka paid for by the Sri Lankan government, and for breaking the Commons rule banning paid advocacy. On 24 July 2018, MPs voted to suspend Paisley from the House of Commons for a period of 30 sitting days, beginning on 4 September 2018.
The Recall of MPs Act 2015 provides that a recall petition is automatically initiated by any of several events happening to an MP, one of which is suspension from the House of Commons for a period of more than 10 sitting days or 14 calendar days. Under the procedure, 10% of the constituency's electorate had to sign the petition to cause a by-election. Ian Paisley Jr would have been permitted to stand, and had indicated his intent to do so.

## Signing arrangements

The recall petition was the responsibility of the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland. It was available for signature to constituents on weekdays from 8 August to 19 September 2018 from 9am to 5pm, with opening hours extended to 9pm on 6 and 13 September, in three centres:
* Joey Dunlop Leisure Centre, Ballymoney
* Seven Towers Leisure Centre, Ballymena
* Sheskburn House Recreation Centre, Ballycastle.
Voters could also apply to sign by post on the same basis as postal voting.
The limitation to three venues, where up to ten are permitted by law, drew criticism from the Ulster Unionist Party and Sinn Féin.

## Result

2018 North Antrim recall petition 8 August – 19 September 2018 :
| Signatures | Signatures | 7,099 | 9.40% |
| Required number of signatures | Required number of signatures | 7,543 | 10% |
| Unmarked or void signatures | Unmarked or void signatures | 14 | n/a |
| Petition successful | Petition successful | No | n/a |
| Registered voters | Registered voters | 75,428 | 100% |
The result was confirmed in the early hours of Thursday 20 September, with 7,099 people (9.4% of the electorate) signing the petition, below the 10% required, which would have been 7,543.
Paisley retained his seat in the 2019 general election with 47.4% of the vote; he lost it in 2024 with 27.2%.
# Arthur Hall (soldier)

Arthur Charles Hall, VC (11 August 1896 – 25 February 1978) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. His Victoria Cross was won for his actions in September 1918 on the Western Front during the First World War.

## Early life

Hall was born on 11 August 1896 in the Sydney suburb of Granville, New South Wales, to a livestock farmer and his wife. After attending school in Bathurst, he worked with his father on properties near Nyngan.

## Military career

In April 1916, at the age of 19, Hall enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force (AIF). After training, he was posted to 54th Battalion, then serving on the Western Front in France. He was wounded in late March 1917, within two months of arriving in France. Back in the front lines by late April, he saw action during the Battle of Bullecourt and later, during the second phase of the Battle of Passchendaele, in the Battle of Polygon Wood. He was promoted to corporal after this latter battle.
The battalion was involved in fighting on the Somme from early to mid-1918, including the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux. It was then involved in the Hundred Days Offensive which began in August.
On 1 September 1918 at Péronne, Somme, Hall rushed a machine-gun post, shooting four of the enemy and capturing nine, with two guns. Continuously in advance of the main party, he personally led assault parties, capturing many small parties of the enemy and machine-guns. On the morning of 2 September during a heavy barrage, he carried to safety a comrade who had been dangerously wounded and was in urgent need of medical attention. It was for these actions that Hall was awarded the Victoria Cross.
After the Battle of St. Quentin Canal, Hall's battalion amalgamated with the 56th Battalion in October 1918, becoming the 54th/56th Battalion. He was promoted to sergeant with this unit before being discharged from the AIF in August 1919.

## Later life

After the war, Hall returned to the Nyngan district and purchased his own property, Gundooee station, for farming. He married in 1927.
During the Second World War, Hall served for a time as a lieutenant in a garrison unit but returned to farming sheep and cattle once his service was no longer required. Active in community affairs, he died in the district hospital on 25 February 1978, survived by his wife and four children Helen, George, Dennis and Charles. He is buried at St Matthew's Church in West Bogan, while his Victoria Cross is displayed at the Australian War Memorial, in Canberra.
# Atlantic Gateway (Canada)

The Atlantic Gateway is a proposed transport project in Canada. It aims to take an integrated approach in developing transport infrastructure within Atlantic Canada to enhance Canada's ability to capture a larger share of growing trade flows between North America and Asia.
The federal minister responsible for the Atlantic Gateway was Lisa Raitt who took over from Keith Ashfield in July 2013. The position has since been abolished and since 2015 no Minister has been appointed to this portfolio. Peter MacKay had earlier held the portfolio until January 2010.
# Femtosecond

A femtosecond is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to 10$^{−15}$ or 1⁄1 000 000 000 000 000 of a second; that is, one quadrillionth, or one millionth of one billionth, of a second.
A femtosecond is to a second, as a second is to approximately 31.69 million years.
For context, a ray of light travels approximately 0.3 μm (micrometers) in 1 femtosecond, a distance comparable to the diameter of a virus. The first to make femtosecond measurements was the Egyptian Nobel Laureate Ahmed Zewail, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1999. Professor Zewail used lasers to measure the movement of particles at the femtosecond scale, thereby allowing chemical reactions to be observed for the first time.
The word femtosecond is formed by the SI prefix femto and the SI unit second. Its symbol is fs.
A femtosecond is equal to 1000 attoseconds, or 1/1000 picosecond. Because the next higher SI unit is 1000 times larger, times of 10$^{−14}$ and 10$^{−13}$ seconds are typically expressed as tens or hundreds of femtoseconds.
* Typical time steps for molecular dynamics simulations are on the order of 1 fs.
* The periods of the waves of visible light have a duration of about 2 femtoseconds. ${\lambda \over {c}}={600\times 10^{-9}~{\rm {m}} \over 3\times 10^{8}~{\rm {m}}~{\rm {s}}^{-1}}=2.0\times 10^{-15}~{\rm {s}}$ The precise duration depends on the energy of the photons, which determines their color. (See wave–particle duality.) This time can be calculated by dividing the wavelength of the light by the speed of light (approximately 3×10$^8$ m/s) to determine the time required for light to travel that distance.
The colors of the visible light spectrum :
| Color | Wavelength interval | Cycle time interval |
| Red | ~ 700–635 nm | ~ 2.3–2.1 fs |
| Orange | ~ 635–590 nm | ~ 2.1-2.0 fs |
| Yellow | ~ 590–560 nm | ~ 2.0–1.9 fs |
| Green | ~ 560–520 nm | ~ 1.9–1.7 fs |
| Cyan | ~ 520–490 nm | ~ 1.7–1.6 fs |
| Blue | ~ 490–450 nm | ~ 1.6–1.5 fs |
| Violet | ~ 450–400 nm | ~ 1.5–1.3 fs |

## Examples

* 46 fs – the swiftest chemical reaction known (radiolysis of water leads to the formation of a H$_2$O$^+$ ion, which rapidly reacts to become hydronium (H$_3$O$^+$) and a short lived hydroxyl radical (•OH))
* 200 fs – the average chemical reaction, such as the reaction of pigments in an eye to light
* 300 fs – the duration of a vibration of the atoms in an iodine molecule
# Atari Logo

Atari Logo is ROM cartridge-based version of the Logo programming language for the Atari 8-bit computers published by Atari, Inc. in 1983. It was developed by Logo Computer Systems, Inc. (LCSI) in Quebec, Canada. LCSI wrote Apple Logo, and the Atari version maintains strong compatibility with it.
Atari Logo includes commands that support Atari 8-bit enhanced graphics: 4 simultaneous drawing turtles that look like actual turtles instead of triangles, a built-in editor for redefining turtle shapes, and an event handler for collision detection. The TOOT primitive plays a tone on one of two 16-bit audio channels given a frequency, volume, and duration. Atari Logo shipped with a 216-page manual and a 16-page Quick Reference Guide.

## Reception

Scott Mace of InfoWorld wrote, "Atari Logo is an excellent product and it enhances the value of Atari computers for learning in the classroom and in the home. It wins the battle with BASIC hands down."
In a 1983 review for ANALOG Computing, Brian Moriarty concluded, "Atari Logo is one of the most intelligently-conceived and well-executed pieces of software ever published by ATARI."
# Attlebridge railway station

vteNorwich Branch :
Legend :
Attlebridge railway station is a closed station in Norfolk, England. It served the small village of Attlebridge. It was constructed by the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway in the 1880s on the line between Melton Constable and Norwich City.
The line closed to passengers in 1959. The former station site, on Station Road, is now a B&B, caravan site and furniture joinery.

## History

Opened by the Lynn and Fakenham Railway, it became a Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway station. During the Grouping of 1923 it converted to a joint operation of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway and the London and North Eastern Railway with the latter taking sole operation in 1936.
The station then passed on to the Eastern Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948, and was closed by the British Transport Commission.
The route of the former railway line is now part of the Marriott's Way leisure trail.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Drayton | Midland and Great Northern Norwich Branch | Lenwade |
# Roman Romanchuk

Roman Romanchuk may refer to:
* Roman Romanchuk (boxer) (1979–2016), Russian boxer
* Roman Romanchuk (footballer) (born 1986), Ukrainian footballer
# Ernest Gardner (politician)

Sir Ernest Gardner JP (18 May 1846 – 7 August 1925) was a British politician. He was a Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) from 1901 to 1922.
Gardner was born in East London, the son of Joseph Goodwin Gardner and his wife, Elizabeth. He was first elected to Parliament on 12 July 1901 in an unopposed by-election in the constituency of Wokingham following the resignation of Oliver Young. He remained the seat's MP until it was abolished for the 1918 general election, when he became the MP for Windsor. He retired from Parliament at the 1922 general election. He lived at 'Spencers' at Maidenhead in Berkshire.
Gardner had three daughters with his second wife, Amy Inglis, including the cardiologist Dame Frances Gardner.
# Flabellina llerae

Flabellina llerae is a species of sea slug, an aeolid nudibranch, a marine heterobranchia mollusc in the family Flabellinidae.

## Description

F. llerae is seen in a variety of colours, usually white with either red, purple or blue.

## Distribution

F. llerae can be found in Cape Verdes.
# 2012 European Track Championships – Women's team pursuit

The Women's team pursuit was held on 19 October 2012. 6 nations participated.

## Medalists

| Gold | Lithuania Aušrinė Trebaitė Vilija Sereikaitė Vaida Pikauskaitė |
| Silver | Poland Katarzyna Pawłowska Eugenia Bujak Małgorzata Wojtyra |
| Bronze | Belarus Tatsiana Sharakova Alena Dylko Aksana Papko |

## Results

Fastest 2 teams raced for gold and 3rd and 4th teams raced for bronze.

### Qualifying

It was held at 13:00.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Aušrinė Trebaitė Vilija Sereikaitė Vaida Pikauskaitė | Lithuania | 3:26.109 | Q |
| 2 | Katarzyna Pawłowska Eugenia Bujak Małgorzata Wojtyra | Poland | 3:27.158 | Q |
| 3 | Tatsiana Sharakova Alena Dylko Aksana Papko | Belarus | 3:27.174 | q |
| 4 | Mieke Kröger Stephanie Pohl Lisa Fischer | Germany | 3:32.074 | q |
| 5 | Evgenia Romanyuta Elena Lichmanova Maria Mishina | Russia | 3:33.006 | |
| 6 | Giulia Donato Elena Cecchini Beatrice Bartelloni | Italy | 3:34.721 | |

### Finals

The finals were held at 19:30.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time |
| Gold Medal Race ||||
| | Aušrinė Trebaitė Vilija Sereikaitė Vaida Pikauskaitė | Lithuania | 3:25.237 |
| | Katarzyna Pawłowska Eugenia Bujak Małgorzata Wojtyra | Poland | 3:27.086 |
| Bronze Medal Race ||||
| | Tatsiana Sharakova Alena Dylko Aksana Papko | Belarus | 3:24.801 |
| 4 | Mieke Kröger Stephanie Pohl Lisa Fischer | Germany | 3:32.127 |
# German submarine U-1001

German submarine U-1001 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.
She was ordered on 14 October 1941, and was laid down on 31 December 1942, at Blohm & Voss, Hamburg, as yard number 201. She was launched on 6 October 1943, and commissioned under the command of Kapitänleutnant Ernst-Ulrich Blaudow on 18 November 1943.

## Design

German Type VIIC/41 submarines were preceded by the heavier Type VIIC submarines. U-1001 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), an overall beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-1001 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes or 26 TMA or TMB Naval mines, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Flak M42 and two 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and fifty-two.

## Service history

U-1001 participated in six war patrols. None of these resulted in any ships damaged or sunk.
On 21 September, during her third war patrol, U-1001 laid 15 TMB near Porkkala, on the Baltic Sea. The next day, 22 Sep 1944, U-1001 rescued 13 shipwrecked German soldiers from the Baltic and landed them later on 2 October, at Libau.
On 29 October 1944, during her fourth war patrol, U-1001 transferred two medical cases from U-958 and U-475 in the Baltic.
U-1001 had Schnorchel underwater-breathing apparatus fitted out in February 1945.
On 8 April 1945, 29 days out of Kristiansand, on her sixth war patrol, she was located by the British frigates HMS Fitzroy and HMS Byron. U-1001 was sunk by depth charges in the North Atlantic south-west of Land's End, killing all forty-six of her crew.
The wreck now lies at 49°19′N 10°23′W﻿ / ﻿49.317°N 10.383°W﻿ / 49.317; -10.383.
# Pydlpoly

Pydlpoly is a molecular dynamics simulation package which is a modified version of DL-POLY with a Python language interface. Pydlpoly is written by Rochus Schmid in Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.
* This article about molecular modelling software is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Atlantic Gateway (Virginia)

The Atlantic Gateway is a planned infrastructure improvement project in Virginia that will expand transportation routes leading into Washington, D.C. from Virginia. It includes road and rail components, and construction is planned to take place through the end of the 2010s and into the early 2020s.

## Funding

The budget for the entire project is estimated at $1.4 billion, and is funded by a mix of federal, state, and private sources. $710 million comes from the state's transportation budget, while rail operator CSX Transportation and toll road operator Transurban will jointly contribute $565 million and the federal government, through its FASTLANE program, issued a $165 million grant.

## Road improvements

Tolled high occupancy lanes on Interstate 395 will be extended about 8 miles (13 km) north from their current terminus just inside the Washington Beltway to the Pentagon, while similar lanes on Interstate 95 will be extended about 10 miles (16 km) south into Fredericksburg. I-95's crossing of the Rappahannock River will also see additional capacity added. The I-395 work is scheduled to be completed in 2019, while I-95 construction will continue into 2020.

## Rail improvements

Two sections of additional mainline trackage will be added to the CSX line running south through Virginia. A 6 miles (9.7 km) fourth track will be built from Long Bridge, which crosses the Potomac, south to Alexandria, and an 8 miles (13 km) third track will be built between the Franconia–Springfield station and Occoquan River crossing. CSX will transfer an abandoned right-of-way between Petersburg and the North Carolina border, a critical link in the planned Southeast High Speed Rail Corridor, to the state of Virginia. Early design and engineering work of a replaced or rebuilt Long Bridge to increase rail capacity out of Washington will also take place, through actual construction remains unfunded. Most rail construction is to take until 2020, though some minor improvements to the corridor will be completed sooner.
# Grand River Naval Depot

Grand River Naval Depot was a planned base on Lake Erie in what is now Port Maitland, Ontario, Canada.
Located at the mouth of the Grand River, the naval base was to have been built as a second naval base on Lake Erie intended to complement the base at Navy Island. It was to have stationed 1,000 sailors and 3 frigates. It was never completed and the site was abandoned by the Royal Navy. It is now the site of Esplanade Park in Port Maitland.
In 1815 Commodore Sir Edward Campbell Rich Owen had sent a letter to Lieutenant General Gordon Drummond of interest to establish a naval shipyard in the area and land was acquired from the Six Nations but nothing beyond the establishment of naval base with personnel was established in 1816.
Following the Rush Bagot Treaty, the based slowly wound down, but an 1820 survey was ordered and the based was re-established but closed one last time in 1834.
# Gazetteer of Xin'an County

Xin'an Xianzhi (Chinese: 新安縣志; literally Gazetteers of Xin'an County), also known as San On County Gazetteer or San On Gazetteer in English, were the chorography of the historical Xin'an County (San-On or Sun-On County; literally New Peace County; known at times as the Po-On County (spelt Bao'an in pinyin)) of Guangdong (then Kwangtung) in southern China. Due to frequent geopolitical changes, the county ceased to exist and became the history and territories of Hong Kong and Shenzhen, metropolises in South China. Versions of the gazetteer are very important records to study in the area.
Six editions were published, the first one in 1587 and the last one in 1819. The last editions were Qing's Kangxi Years (K'ang-hsi; 1661–1722) edition and Jiaqing Years (Chia-ch'ing; 1796–1820) edition.
# General San Martín Department

General San Martín Department may refer to:
* General San Martín Department, Córdoba in Argentina
* General San Martín Department, La Rioja in Argentina
* General San Martín Department, Salta in Argentina
# Roman Romanov

Roman Romanov may refer to:
* Roman Romanov (Lithuanian businessman) (born 1976)
* Roman Romanov (Ukrainian businessman) (born 1972)
* Roman Romanov (footballer, born 1981), Russian football player
* Roman Romanov (footballer, born 2003), Russian football player
# Flabellina dushia

Flabellina dushia is a species of sea slug, an aeolid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Flabellinidae.

## Distribution

This species was described from the Caribbean Sea. It was later redescribed from new material from Martinique, the Bahamas and Florida. It has also been reported from the Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands in the eastern Atlantic.

## Description

Flabellina dushia is a flabellinid with opaque white pigment covering most of the body. The translucent body is visible through areas at the bases of the tentacles and rhinophores, behind the eyes and bases of the cerata. The rhinophores and oral tentacles are translucent at the base and covered with opaque white pigment in the outer two thirds. Mature animals reach 15 mm in length or up to 20 mm.

## Ecology

The minimum recorded depth for this species is 1 m; the maximum recorded depth is 20 m.
# 2012 European Track Championships – Women's sprint

The Women's sprint was held on 20 October 2012. 8 riders participated.

## Medalists

| Gold | Olga Panarina (BLR) |
| Silver | Anastasiia Voinova (RUS) |
| Bronze | Simona Krupeckaitė (LTU) |

## Results
### Qualifying

It was held at 10:40.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time |
| 1 | Olga Panarina | Belarus | 11.046 |
| 2 | Simona Krupeckaitė | Lithuania | 11.207 |
| 3 | Anastasiia Voinova | Russia | 11.418 |
| 4 | Olivia Montauban | France | 11.584 |
| 5 | Sandie Clair | France | 11.593 |
| 6 | Elena Brezhniva | Russia | 11.606 |
| 7 | Victoria Williamson | Great Britain | 11.668 |
| 8 | Gintarė Gaivenytė | Lithuania | 11.949 |

### Quarterfinals

The races were held at 12:30 and 13:14.
| Heat | Rank | Name | Nation | Race 1 | Race 2 | Notes |
| 1 | 1 | Olga Panarina | Belarus | 12.150 | 11.746 | Q |
| 1 | 2 | Gintarė Gaivenytė | Lithuania | | | |
| 2 | 1 | Simona Krupeckaitė | Lithuania | 12.173 | 12.038 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Victoria Williamson | Great Britain | | | |
| 3 | 1 | Anastasiia Voinova | Russia | 12.226 | 11.779 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | Elena Brezhniva | Russia | | | |
| 4 | 1 | Olivia Montauban | France | 11.862 | 12.015 | Q |
| 4 | 2 | Sandie Clair | France | | | |

### Race for 5th–8th Places

It was held at 20:53.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time |
| 5 | Victoria Williamson | Great Britain | 12.670 |
| 6 | Sandie Clair | France | |
| 7 | Elena Brezhniva | Russia | |
| 8 | Gintarė Gaivenytė | Lithuania | |

### Semifinals

The races were held at 19:30, 20:22 and 20:47.
| Heat | Rank | Name | Nation | Race 1 | Race 2 | Decider | Notes |
| 1 | 1 | Olga Panarina | Belarus | 11.721 | 11.627 | | Q |
| 1 | 2 | Olivia Montauban | France | | | | |
| 2 | 1 | Anastasiia Voinova | Russia | 11.576 | | 11.719 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Simona Krupeckaitė | Lithuania | | 11.919 | | |

### Finals

The races were held at 21:06 and 21:33.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Race 1 | Race 2 |
| Gold Medal Races ||||||
| | Olga Panarina | Belarus | 11.775 | 11.664 |
| | Anastasiia Voinova | Russia | | |
| Bronze Medal Races ||||||
| | Simona Krupeckaitė | Lithuania | 11.818 | 11.879 |
| 4 | Olivia Montauban | France | | |