OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1980 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament

The 1980 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament took place from February 23–March 1, 1980. The quarterfinal round was hosted at campus sites, while the semifinals and finals were hosted at the Roanoke Civic Center in Roanoke, Virginia. The Furman Paladins, led by head coach Eddie Holbrook, won their sixth Southern Conference title and received the automatic berth to the 1980 NCAA tournament.

## Format

The top eight finishers of the conference's nine members were eligible for the tournament. Teams were seeded based on conference winning percentage. The tournament used a preset bracket consisting of three rounds.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals February 23 | Quarterfinals February 23 | Quarterfinals February 23 | Semifinals February 29 | Semifinals February 29 | Semifinals February 29 | Finals March 1 | Finals March 1 | Finals March 1 |
| 1 | Furman | 87 | | | | | | |
| 8 | VMI | 75 | | | | | | |
| 8 | VMI | 75 | 1 | Furman | 93 | | | |
| | | | 4 | East Tennessee St. | 81 | | | |
| 4 | East Tennessee St. | 71 | 4 | East Tennessee St. | 81 | | | |
| 5 | Chattanooga | 67 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Chattanooga | 67 | | | | 1 | Furman | 80 |
| | | | | | | 2 | Marshall | 62 |
| 2 | Marshall | 100 | | | | | | | 2 | Marshall | 62 |
| 7 | The Citadel | 66 | | | | | | |
| 7 | The Citadel | 66 | 2 | Marshall | 91 | | | |
| | | | 6 | Appalachian State | 76 | | | |
| 3 | Western Carolina | 66 | 6 | Appalachian State | 76 | | | |
| 6 | Appalachian State | 67* | | | | | | |
* Overtime game
# 1980 Southwest Conference baseball tournament

The 1980 Southwest Conference baseball tournament was the league's annual postseason tournament used to determine the Southwest Conference's (SWC) automatic bid to the 1980 NCAA Division I baseball tournament. The tournament was held from May 17 through 20 at Olsen Field on the campus of Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas.
The number 1 seed Texas Longhorns went 3–1 to win the team's second SWC tournament under head coach Cliff Gustafson.

## Format and seeding

The tournament featured the top four finishers of the SWC's 9 teams in a double-elimination tournament.
| Place | Team | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Overall | Overall | Overall | Seed |
| Place | Team | W | L | % | GB | W | L | % | Seed |
| 1 | Texas | 18 | 6 | .750 | - | 53 | 13 | .803 | 1 |
| 2 | Texas A&M | 17 | 6 | .739 | 0.5 | 38 | 14 | .731 | 2 |
| 3 | Arkansas | 15 | 8 | .652 | 2.5 | 44 | 22 | .667 | 3 |
| 4 | Texas Tech | 14 | 10 | .583 | 4 | 28 | 23 | .549 | 4 |
| 5 | Baylor | 12 | 12 | .500 | 6 | 25 | 19 | .568 | - |
| 6 | Rice | 8 | 16 | .333 | 10 | 14 | 29 | .326 | - |
| 7 | TCU | 7 | 14 | .333 | 9.5 | 19 | 28 | .404 | - |
| 8 | SMU | 7 | 15 | .318 | 10 | 21 | 22 | .488 | - |
| 9 | Houston | 6 | 17 | .261 | 11.5 | 17 | 28 | .378 | - |

## Tournament

| Upper round 1 | Upper round 1 | Upper round 1 | Upper final | Upper final | Upper final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Texas | 9 | | | | | | | |
| 4 | Texas Tech | 2 | | | | | | | |
| 4 | Texas Tech | 2 | 1 | Texas | 6 | | | | |
| | | | 3 | Arkansas | 4 | | | | |
| 2 | Texas A&M | 10 | 3 | Arkansas | 4 | | | | |
| 3 | Arkansas | 19 | | | | | | | |
| 3 | Arkansas | 19 | | | | 1 | Texas | 7 | 9 |
| | | | | | | 3 | Arkansas | 8 | 4 |
| Lower round 1 | Lower round 1 | Lower round 1 | Lower final | Lower final | Lower final | 3 | Arkansas | 8 | 4 |
| | | | 3 | Arkansas | 6 | | | | |
| 4 | Texas Tech | 8 | 4 | Texas Tech | 5 | | | | |
| 2 | Texas A&M | 5 | | | | | | | |
# Alectia

Alectia A/S is a Danish consulting company with approx. 700 employees (2014) and an annual turnover in 2014 of 623 million DKK. The company is owned entirely by the Alectia-Foundation. Alectia is headquartered in Virum with regional offices in Aarhus, Odense and Kolding. In addition, the company has an office in Ascot (UK), and possesses a number of companies outside Denmark.
Alectia is a member of the Danish Association of Consulting Engineers (FRI).

## Strategy

Over the years Alectia has developed from a classic engineering company to a knowledge-based company with specialised competences within process technology, occupational health and safety, business consulting, buildings, water, energy and environment.

## History

Under the name Birch & Krogboe the company was founded in 1912 as the first consulting engineering company in Denmark. The founders were the two engineers Ludvig Birch and Jacob O. Pedersen Krogboe. In the early years the company dealt primarily with the construction of hospitals and residential buildings, including Gentofte Hospital and Rigshospitalet. Today, Alectia participates in the building projects Urban Mediaspace and Navitas Park, in Aarhus, Odense Research and Knowledge Park and Copenhagen Bio Science Park (COBIS).
In 2008, the company changed its name to Alectia. This was part of a strategic acquisitions process, which took place primarily in Denmark:
* 2005: Danbrew
* 2006: Dansk Arbejdsmiljø and Byggeriets Arbejdsmiljøcenter Danmark
* 2007: Jobliv Danmark, Watertech and MA Project
* 2008: Penborn Technical Services (UK)
* 2009: Maersk Construction and Tano FoodCon Group
* 2011: Logisys and Healthy Company
# Exhibition Park

Exhibition Park may refer to:
* Exhibition Park (Lethbridge)
* Exhibition Park, Newcastle
* Exhibition Park in Canberra, Australia
* Exhibition Place in Toronto, Canada
# Peak & Northern Footpaths Society

The Peak & Northern Footpaths Society (PNFS) is a UK registered charity which was formed in 1894. The purpose of PNFS is to monitor, protect, and improve the footpath network of the North Midlands and North West of England, including the Peak District National Park. The organisation is the oldest existing regional footpath society in the England.
The Peak District & Northern Counties Footpaths Preservation Society was established on 16 August 1894 in the Young Men's Christian Association Hall, Peter Street, Manchester (now St George's House). It had evolved from The Manchester Association for the Preservation of Ancient Public Footpaths, which was founded in 1826.
PNFS has over 150 volunteer footpath inspectors who are assigned to parishes across the counties of Cheshire, Derbyshire, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Merseyside, Staffordshire, South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire. They walk along their parishes' footpaths periodically to check for any problems, which they report to the local authority responsible for the footpaths concerned. PNFS often helps the authorities to fix problems promptly. Local authorities in the region are legally obliged to notify PNFS of any proposals affecting rights of way, in order that PNFS can uphold the interests of walkers.
The charity has installed over 600 numbered signposts and built dozens of footbridges as part of its ongoing programme to improve walking routes in the region. The first cast iron signposts were erected in 1905 and 20 are still standing from before World War I.
PNFS publishes a quarterly magazine called Signpost.
The Irregulars group of the Long Distance Walkers Association (LDWA) organises a programme of weekly walks and in 2019 it became affiliated to PNFS.
In 1994, UK Parliament passed a motion congratulating PNFS on its centenary for its work over 100 years, improving access to the countryside.
# Pelargoderus

Pelargoderus is a genus of beetle belonging to the family Cerambycidae.

## List of species

* Pelargoderus albopunctatus Breuning, 1980
* Pelargoderus alcanor (Newman, 1842)
* Pelargoderus arouensis (Thomson, 1857)
* Pelargoderus assimilis Aurivillius, 1908
* Pelargoderus basalis (Gahan, 1907)
* Pelargoderus bipunctatus (Dalman, 1815)
* Pelargoderus celebensis Breuning, 1966
* Pelargoderus cincticornis Ritsema, 1895
* Pelargoderus dibbhincksi Gilmour, 1947
* Pelargoderus djampeanus Breuning, 1960
* Pelargoderus flavicornis Gahan, 1888
* Pelargoderus fulvoirroratus Blanchard, 1885
* Pelargoderus luteosparsus (Matsushita, 1935)
* Pelargoderus luzonicus (Breuning, 1935)
* Pelargoderus malaccensis Breuning, 1935
* Pelargoderus marginipennis Ritsema, 1895
* Pelargoderus niger (Thomson, 1878)
* Pelargoderus papuanus Breuning, 1936
* Pelargoderus rubropunctatus (Guérin-Méneville, 1838)
* Pelargoderus salomonum Breuning, 1962
* Pelargoderus semitigrinus Ritsema, 1885
* Pelargoderus sijthoffii Ritsema, 1901
* Pelargoderus stellatus Vitali & Casadio, 2007
* Pelargoderus sumatranus Breuning, 1935
* Pelargoderus trigonalis Heyden, 1897
* Pelargoderus vittatus Audinet-Serville, 1835
* Pelargoderus vitticollis Gressitt, 1952
* Pelargoderus waigeuensis Gilmour, 1956
# Pelargoderus assimilis

Pelargoderus assimilis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1908.
# Derinköy, Artvin

Derinköy is a village in the Artvin District, Artvin Province, Turkey. Its population is 36 (2021).
# Passa Sete

Passa Sete is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
# Perchloratoborate

Perchloratoborate is an anion of the form [B(ClO$_4$)$_4$]$^−$. It can form partly stable solid salts with heavy alkali metals. They are more stable than nitratoborate salts. K[B(ClO$_4$)$_4$] decomposes at 35 °C, Rb[B(ClO$_4$)$_4$] is stable to 50 °C, and Cs[B(ClO$_4$)$_4$] can exist up to 80 °C.
Perchloratoborates are analogous to perchloratoaluminates ([Al(ClO$_4$)$_4$]$^−$).
Another related anion is the chloroperchloratoborate, Cl$_3$B(ClO$_4$).
Boron perchlorate itself is unstable above −5 °C.

## Decomposition

On thermal decomposition the alkali perchloratoborate salts form an alkali perchlorate, and boron trioxide as a solid residue, and gas containing dichlorine heptoxide, chlorine dioxide, chlorine, and oxygen.
    2 M[B(ClO$_4$)$_4$] → 2 MClO$_4$ + B$_2$O$_3$ + (3 Cl$_2$O$_7$ or 6 ClO$_2$ + ⁠4+1/2⁠ O$_2$ or 6 Cl$_2$ + ⁠10+1/2⁠ O$_2$)
When the alkali perchloratoborates first start to decompose at the lower temperatures, the reaction is endothermic, and dichlorine heptoxide is formed. However, if caesium perchloratoborate is heated the decomposition becomes exothermic above 90 °C, and at 100 °C it explodes exothermically forming chlorine and oxygen.

## Reactions

When rubidium perchloratoborate is reacted with extra perchloric acid, it forms RbBO(ClO$_4$)$_2$.
In water, alkali perchloratoborates decompose exothermically to form boric acid, perchloric acid, and the perchlorate.

## Formation

Nitronium perchloratoborate (NO$_2$B(ClO$_4$)$_4$)can be formed by reacting nitronium perchlorate with boron trichloride in solution. Similarly ammonium perchlorate reacts with BCl$_3$ forming ammonium perchloratoborate.
The metal perchloratoborates can also be formed from the metal perchlorate dissolved in anhydrous perchloric acid reacting with boron trichloride. Another way is to react a metal chloridoborate (MBCl$_4$) with perchloric acid. Chloridoborates can be made from the metal chloride and boron trichloride dissolved in nitrosyl chloride. Extra Cl$_2$O$_7$ drives the reaction forward.
    BCl$_3$ + 3HClO$_4$ → B(ClO$_4$)$_3$
Also formed is BCl$_2$ClO$_4$ and BCl(ClO$_4$)$_2$ which disproportionates above −78 °C to the boron perchlorate and dichloroboron perchlorate.
    B(ClO$_4$)$_3$ + ClO$^−$ $_4$ → B(ClO $_4$)$^−$ $_4$

## Properties

Caesium perchloratoborate is hygroscopic. It has a density of 2.5 g/cm$^3$. It has no colour.
Infrared absorption bands are observed in caesium perchloratoborate at 640 and 1,087 cm$^{−1}$.
Potassium perchloratoborate has density 2.18 g/cm$^3$, and rubidium perchloratoborate has density 2.32 g/cm$^3$.
The three alkali perchloratoborates fume in moist air, are all crystalline and colourless.
# Portals (Arsonists Get All the Girls album)

Portals is the third studio album by Arsonists Get All the Girls. It was released on July 14, 2009, through Century Media Records. In contrast to The Game of Life, Portals features a different sound and an almost completely different line-up, with guitarist Arthur Alvarez and drummer Garin Rosen the only two original members left.
Reviews for Portals were positive, and the album reached high critical acclaim. Arsonists Get All the Girls began their headlining tour in support of Portals in late 2010.

## Background

Portals was written and recorded in 2009. It is the first release by the band to feature a major line-up change. Original vocalists Cameron Reed and Remi Rodburg, decided to leave during a tour, and were replaced with Jared Monette. Original bassist, Patrick Mason, died of alcohol poisoning, and was replaced with Jaeson Bardoni.
The song "In the Empyreans" is written about the death of former bassist Mason. It was written by Arthur Alvarez and Rodburg, and features guest vocals by Rodburg. The album's title track is the longest song ever recorded by the band and has been described to combine all of the sounds Portals features together.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Absolute Punk | |
| AllMusic | |
| Rock Sound | |
The album was generally praised by reviewers, noting that the new line-up has taken the musical style in a new direction, and that the band is generally "growing up". Absolute Punk reviewer Dymytry Vance also noted that the band have changed their overall sound. He also stated that the album is "their best work to date".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Arsonists Get All the Girls

## Personnel

* Arthur Alvarez – guitar
* Jaeson Bardoni – bass guitar
* Jared Monette – vocals
* Sean Richmond – keyboards
* Garin Rosen – drums
* Derek Yarra – guitar
# 2016 Women's Super 3s

The 2016 Women's Super 3s, known for sponsorship reasons as the 2016 Toyota Super 3s, was the second Women's Super 3s competition that took place in Ireland. It ran from May to July, with 3 teams taking part made up of the best players in Ireland. The teams played 6 matches each, four 50 over matches and two Twenty20s. Dragons won the competition, winning their first title.

## Competition format

The three teams played six matches each in a league system. Each team played the other two sides twice in a 50 over match and once in a Twenty20 match, with all matches contributing to a unified table.
The league worked on a points system with positions being based on the total points. Points were awarded as follows:
Win: 2 points. Tie: 1 point. Loss: 0 points. Abandoned/No Result: 1 point.

## Squads

| Dragons | Scorchers | Typhoons |
| Laura Delany (Captain) Katie Boylan Rachel Delaney Jennifer Gray Cecelia Joyce Shauna Kavanagh Gaby Lewis Hannah Little Caoimhe McCann Louise McCarthy Sophie MacMahon Lara Maritz Ciara Metcalfe Ruby Neville Mary Waldron | Kim Garth (Captain) Aoife Beggs Hannah de Burgh Whyte Hannah Grieve Isobel Joyce Meg Kendal Anna Kerrison Anna Kirk Erin Lawlor Orla Martin Cara Murray Alison O'Reilly Lucy O'Reilly Una Raymond-Hoey Ellen Ridgeway | Amy Kenealy (Captain) Laura Boylan Catherine Dalton Veronica Fay-Watt Vanessa Kelada Robyn Lewis Tori Lapsley Naomi Matthews Kate McKenna Natasha Morton Leah Paul Anna Peterson Melissa Scott-Hayward Clare Shillington Lucy Small |
    Source: Cricket Ireland

## Points table

| Team | Pld | W | L | T | NR | A | Pts | NRR |
| Dragons (C) | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 1.304 |
| Scorchers | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 0.057 |
| Typhoons | 6 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | –1.326 |
    Source: CricketArchive
# Eugene Field House

Eugene Field House may refer to:
* Eugene Field House (Denver, Colorado), listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in Southeast Denver
* Eugene Field House (St. Louis), Missouri, a National Historic Landmark and NRHP-listed
* Eugene Field House (Amherst, Massachusetts), a University of Massachusetts Amherst residence hall
# El Mirage Lake

El Mirage Lake is a dry lake bed in the northwestern Victor Valley of the central Mojave Desert, within San Bernardino County, California.
The lake is located about 9 miles (14 km) west-northwest of the town of Adelanto and 10 mi (16 km) north of Highway 18 in San Bernardino County.
The dry lake, at an elevation of 2,840 ft (870 m), is approximately 6 mi (9.7 km) long.

## El Mirage Off-Highway Vehicle Recreation Area (OHV)

Formerly open to all visitors, it has been a popular spot for many activities ranging from gyrocopter and ultralight aircraft operations to automobile racing. The Bureau of Land Management has installed a fence to enclose the lake and some of the surrounding areas, and now charges fees for entry to what is now known as the El Mirage Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV) Recreation Area. It is a popular filming location for automobile commercials. Permits for the Recreation Area can be purchased on-site, at local retailers and online. Annual permits are $90, weekly permits are $30, and daily permits are $15. Private aircraft may still land on the lakebed.
For 50 years the lakebed has been used by the Southern California Timing Association for timed speed runs. The club also operates the Bonneville Salt Flats speed runs.

## Climate

El Mirage Lakebed experiences a desert climate, with cool winters and hot summers. Due to the lakebed's aridity and high elevation, the diurnal temperature variation is substantial. Though summer days can be very hot, summer nighttime temperatures are cool. The lakebed receives an occasional dusting of snow in the winter months, however, snowfall usually melts within 24 hours.
Climate data for El Mirage Lakebed, California :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 76 (24) | 82 (28) | 88 (31) | 96 (36) | 104 (40) | 110 (43) | 112 (44) | 108 (42) | 106 (41) | 98 (37) | 84 (29) | 80 (27) | 112 (44) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 56.8 (13.8) | 60.5 (15.8) | 65.4 (18.6) | 72.1 (22.3) | 80.9 (27.2) | 91.1 (32.8) | 97.7 (36.5) | 96.3 (35.7) | 89.3 (31.8) | 77.8 (25.4) | 65.2 (18.4) | 56.9 (13.8) | 75.8 (24.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 29.3 (−1.5) | 32.4 (0.2) | 36.4 (2.4) | 40.0 (4.4) | 47.7 (8.7) | 55.0 (12.8) | 60.3 (15.7) | 59.0 (15.0) | 53.5 (11.9) | 43.9 (6.6) | 34.2 (1.2) | 27.9 (−2.3) | 43.3 (6.3) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 3 (−16) | 5 (−15) | 18 (−8) | 23 (−5) | 29 (−2) | 32 (0) | 41 (5) | 41 (5) | 33 (1) | 14 (−10) | 14 (−10) | 1 (−17) | 1 (−17) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.14 (29) | 1.14 (29) | 0.92 (23) | 0.26 (6.6) | 0.21 (5.3) | 0.05 (1.3) | 0.16 (4.1) | 0.35 (8.9) | 0.28 (7.1) | 0.26 (6.6) | 0.31 (7.9) | 0.72 (18) | 5.81 (148) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.8 (2.0) | 0.3 (0.76) | 0.2 (0.51) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.7 (1.8) | 1.9 (4.8) |
| Source: The Western Regional Climate Center ||||||||||||||
# Eric Moe

Eric Moe may refer to:
* Eric Moe (ice hockey) (born 1988), Swedish ice hockey player
* Eric Moe (composer) (born 1954), American composer and pianist
# 2015 World Pool Masters

The 2015 World Pool Masters, also known as World Pool Masters XXIII, was a nine-ball pool tournament that took place in Manchester, England, between 14–16 August 2015. It was the 23rd edition of the invitational tournament organised by Matchroom Sport.
The event was won by Shane Van Boening, who defeated Darren Appleton in the final 8–2, to win his second Pool Masters title. This was Van Boening's second straight championship, having won the title before in 2014.

## Event prize money

| | Prize money |
| Winner | 20.000 US$ |
| Runner-up | 9.000 US$ |
| Semi-finalist | 4.500 US$ |
| Quarter-finalist | 3.000 US$ |
| Last 16 | 2.500 US$ |
| Total | 70.000 US$ |

## Tournament bracket

| Round 1 14–15 August | Round 1 14–15 August | Round 1 14–15 August | Quarter-final 15–16 August | Quarter-final 15–16 August | Quarter-final 15–16 August | Semi-final 16 August | Semi-final 16 August | Semi-final 16 August | | Final 16 August | Final 16 August | Final 16 August |
| 1 | Shane Van Boening | 8 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | John Morra | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | John Morra | 6 | 1 | Shane Van Boening | 8 | | | | | | | |
| | | | 8 | Waleed Majid | 5 | | | | | | | |
| 8 | Waleed Majid | 8 | 8 | Waleed Majid | 5 | | | | | | | |
| | Jayson Shaw | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Jayson Shaw | 4 | | | | 1 | Shane Van Boening | 8 | | | | |
| | | | | | | 5 | Liu Haitao | 0 | | | | |
| 4 | Niels Feijen | 8 | | | | | | | 5 | Liu Haitao | 0 | | | | |
| | Marcus Chamat | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Marcus Chamat | 6 | 4 | Niels Feijen | 6 | | | | | | | |
| | | | 5 | Liu Haitao | 8 | | | | | | | |
| 5 | Liu Haitao | 8 | 5 | Liu Haitao | 8 | | | | | | | |
| | Karl Boyes | 7 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Karl Boyes | 7 | | | | | | | | 1 | Shane Van Boening | 8 |
| | | | | | | | | | | 3 | Darren Appleton | 2 |
| 3 | Darren Appleton | 8 | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | Darren Appleton | 2 |
| | Mateusz Śniegocki | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Mateusz Śniegocki | 4 | 3 | Darren Appleton | 8 | | | | | | | |
| | | | 6 | Johnny Archer | 5 | | | | | | | |
| 6 | Johnny Archer | 8 | 6 | Johnny Archer | 5 | | | | | | | |
| | James Georgiadis | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | James Georgiadis | 2 | | | | 3 | Darren Appleton | 8 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Mark Gray | 4 | | | | |
| 7 | Nikos Ekonomopoulos | 2 | | | | | | | | Mark Gray | 4 | | | | |
| | Ralf Souquet | 8 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ralf Souquet | 8 | Ralf Souquet | Ralf Souquet | 6 | | | | | | | |
| | | | Mark Gray | Mark Gray | 8 | | | | | | | |
| 2 | Ko Pin-yi | 5 | Mark Gray | Mark Gray | 8 | | | | | | | |
| | Mark Gray | 8 | | | | | | | | | | |
# Dunne v National Maternity Hospital

Dunne v National Maternity Hospital [1989] IR 91 was a legal case from Ireland, heard in the Supreme Court of Ireland in Dublin. The case had a significant influence on Irish tort law, in that it laid down the six core rules for assessing medical negligence.

## Facts

Catherine Dunne presented to the National Maternity Hospital on 20 March 1982; she was pregnant with twins, and had gone into labour two weeks ahead of her estimated date of delivery. It was the routine practice in that hospital at the time to only monitor the heart rate of one of the two twins during labour in a multiple pregnancy, on the assumption that one twin's heart beat was a reliable proxy for the other. The first twin was born naturally six hours after Dunne arrived at the hospital, but shortly afterwards the second twin was born dead with signs of skin maceration. Over subsequent days, it became clear that the first twin had sustained severe brain damage, resulting in an irreversible quadriplegia and mental handicap.

## Judgement

The 15-day trial was held in front of a judge and jury in the High Court (the trial took place before juries were abolished for such cases in 1988) with Augustus Cullen Law acting for the plaintiff. The jury found against the hospital and awarded damages to the plaintiff amounting to the remarkable sum of £1,039,334 (including general damages of £467,000 for pain, suffering and loss of amenities). The defendants appealed, disputing the jury's findings of fact, the excessive damages, and asserting that the trial judge had instructed the jury poorly on the central issue of negligence.
In the Supreme Court, Finlay CJ upheld the ruling unanimously with Griffin and Hederman JJ.

## Significance

In the judgement for the Dunne case, the court set out a series of prerequisites that have become known as the six "Dunne principles". In essence, these state that a medical practitioner cannot be considered negligent unless they take a course of action that no reasonable practitioner of equal status would have taken in those circumstances. As of 2020, the Supreme Court clarified in its decision on another ruling that the Dunne principles remained the appropriate test for medical negligence in Ireland.