OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Philippine Senate Committee on Finance

The Philippine Senate Committee on Finance is a standing committee of the Senate of the Philippines.

## Jurisdiction

According to the Rules of the Senate, the committee handles all matters relating to:
* Funds for the expenditures of the national government and for the payment of public indebtedness
* Auditing of accounts and expenditures of the national government
* Claims against the government
* Inter-governmental revenue sharing
* In general, all matters relating to public expenditures

## Members, 18th Congress

Based on the Rules of the Senate, the Senate Committee on Finance has 20 members.
The President Pro Tempore, the Majority Floor Leader, and the Minority Floor Leader are ex officio members.
The Finance Committee is further split into subcommittees, 11 in total as of the 18th Congress, each headed by the committee chairperson or a committee vice chairperson.
Here are the members of the committee in the 18th Congress as of September 24, 2020: The subcommittee headed by the chairperson or a vice chairperson is also indicated:
| Position | Member | Party | Subcommittee Chaired |
| Chairperson | Sonny Angara | LDP | Subcommittee A |
| Vice Chairpersons | Pia Cayetano | Nacionalista | Subcommittee D |
| Vice Chairpersons | Cynthia Villar | Nacionalista | Subcommittee B |
| Vice Chairpersons | Panfilo Lacson | Independent | Subcommittee C |
| Vice Chairpersons | Joel Villanueva | CIBAC | Subcommittee J |
| Vice Chairpersons | Win Gatchalian | NPC | Subcommittee E |
| Vice Chairpersons | Richard Gordon | Independent | Subcommittee G |
| Vice Chairpersons | Bong Go | PDP–Laban | Subcommittee F |
| Vice Chairpersons | Imee Marcos | Nacionalista | Subcommittee I |
| Vice Chairpersons | Risa Hontiveros | Akbayan | Subcommittee H |
| Vice Chairpersons | Grace Poe | Independent | Subcommittee K |
| Members for the Majority | Nancy Binay | UNA | - |
| Members for the Majority | Ronald dela Rosa | PDP–Laban | - |
| Members for the Majority | Lito Lapid | NPC | - |
| Members for the Majority | Manny Pacquiao | PDP–Laban | - |
| Members for the Majority | Aquilino Pimentel III | PDP–Laban | - |
| Members for the Majority | Bong Revilla | Lakas | - |
| Members for the Majority | Francis Tolentino | PDP–Laban | - |
| Members for the Minority | Leila de Lima | Liberal | - |
| Members for the Minority | Francis Pangilinan | Liberal | - |
Committee secretaries:
* Main committee: Niniveh B. Lao / Arturo I. Mojica / Legislative Budget Research and Monitoring Office
* Subcommittee A: Niniveh B. Lao / Arturo I. Mojica
* Subcommittee B: Philip M. Lina / Maria Clarinda R. Mendoza
* Subcommittee C: Charlyne Claire Fuentes-Olay
* Subcommittee D: Ma. Lourdes A. Juan-Alzate
* Subcommittee E: Elizabeth F. Agas
* Subcommittee F: Horace R. Cruda
* Subcommittee G: Jose Marcos Babia
* Subcommittee H: Maria Gylissa Love J. Morales
* Subcommittee I: Dana Paula Mendiola-Alberto
* Subcommittee J: Ambrosio M. Manaligod, Jr.
* Subcommittee K: Harold Ian V. Bartolome
# Platform Home Loans

Platform Home Loans is the intermediary mortgage lending subsidiary of The Co-operative Bank. The current incarnation of the firm was launched in February 2003 following the merger of Britannia Building Society subsidiaries Platform Home Loans and Verso. The firm became part of the Co-operative Bank group when that firm merged with Britannia in 2009.
The firm originally began trading in 1989 as the centralised mortgage lender of Bear Stearns Home Loans. In 1992 it became Platform Home Loans when it was sold to Lehman Brothers and in 1997 it was acquired by U.S. sub-prime lender The Money Store. In 1999 it was acquired by Cabot Square Capital.
# 1904 Norwich by-election

The 1904 Norwich by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 15 January 1904. The constituency returned two Members of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

## Vacancy

Sir Harry Bullard had been Conservative MP for the seat of Norwich since the 1895 general election. He died on 26 December 1903 at the age of 62.

## Electoral history

The seat had been Conservative since they gained it in 1895. They held the seats at the last election, unopposed.

## Candidates

The local Conservative Association selected 35-year-old Ernest Wild as their candidate to defend the seat. He was born in Norwich and attended Norwich School. He was a Barrister who had been called to Bar at Middle Temple in 1893. He had been Judge of the Norwich Guildhall Court of Record since 1897.
The local Liberal Association selected 39-year-old Norfolk born, Norwich solicitor Louis Tillett as their candidate to gain the seat.
The local Independent Labour Party selected 36-year-old Norfolk born George Roberts as their candidate. He had joined the Independent Labour Party in 1886. He was elected to the Norwich School Board in 1889. He was Secretary of the Typographical Association and President of Norwich Trades Council.

## Campaign

Polling Day was fixed for the 15 January 1904, just 20 days after the previous MP died.

## Result

The Liberals gained the seat from the Conservatives;
1904 Norwich by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Louis Tillett | 8,576 | 48.3 | New |
| | Conservative | Ernest Wild | 6,756 | 38.0 | N/A |
| | Ind. Labour Party | George Roberts | 2,440 | 13.7 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,820 | 10.3 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,820 | 90.1 | N/A |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | | |
The Spectator magazine, known for its Conservative sympathies felt that "There can be little doubt that the election was fought mainly on the fiscal issue, and the result is all the more encouraging to the opponents of Protectionism in that—to quote from the Times—" both the Liberal and the Labour candidates were free traders, their united votes showing a majority of more than four thousand against the advocate of fiscal reform."

## Aftermath

At the following General Election the Conservatives also lost the other seat, the result was;
General election January 1906 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour Repr. Cmte. | YGeorge Roberts | 11,059 | 37.5 | N/A |
| | Liberal | YLouis Tillett | 10,972 | 37.2 | N/A |
| | Conservative | Ernest Wild | 7,460 | 25.3 | N/A |
| | Labour Repr. Cmte. gain from Conservative | Labour Repr. Cmte. gain from Conservative | Labour Repr. Cmte. gain from Conservative | Labour Repr. Cmte. gain from Conservative | Labour Repr. Cmte. gain from Conservative |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 3,599 | 12.2 | N/A |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 3,512 | 11.9 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 29,491 | 91.6 | N/A |
# 2003 European Athletics U23 Championships – Women's javelin throw

The women's javelin throw event at the 2003 European Athletics U23 Championships was held in Bydgoszcz, Poland, at Zawisza Stadion on 19 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | Jarmila Klimešová Czech Republic |
| Silver | Iryna Kharun Ukraine |
| Bronze | Mariya Yakovenko Russia |

## Results
### Final

19 July
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Attempts | Attempts | Attempts | Attempts | Attempts | Attempts | Result | Notes |
| Rank | Name | Nationality | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Result | Notes |
| | Jarmila Klimešová | Czech Republic | 59.05 | 59.62 | – | 58.18 | 60.54 | 54.80 | 60.54 | |
| | Iryna Kharun | Ukraine | 58.28 | 55.79 | 54.46 | 53.18 | x | 56.75 | 58.28 | |
| | Mariya Yakovenko | Russia | x | 54.28 | x | 56.02 | x | 57.52 | 57.52 | |
| 4 | Natallia Shymchuk | Belarus | 54.12 | 56.87 | 50.98 | 51.05 | 55.29 | 57.45 | 57.45 | |
| 5 | Xénia Frajka | Hungary | 53.92 | 52.24 | 54.72 | 55.89 | 56.83 | 55.71 | 56.83 | |
| 6 | Barbora Špotáková | Czech Republic | 49.29 | 52.33 | 56.65 | x | 52.87 | 49.22 | 56.65 | |
| 7 | Stefanie Hessler | Germany | 54.68 | 53.54 | 53.44 | 54.83 | 51.77 | 52.30 | 54.83 | |
| 8 | Christina Obergföll | Germany | 51.51 | 54.28 | 48.94 | x | x | 47.81 | 54.28 | |
| 9 | Magdalena Czenska | Poland | 54.09 | 51.88 | 51.39 | | | | 54.09 | |
| 10 | Linda Brivule | Latvia | 48.98 | 49.70 | 54.07 | | | | 54.07 | |
| 11 | Goldie Sayers | United Kingdom | 53.41 | 53.90 | x | | | | 53.90 | |
| 12 | Jana Trakmann | Estonia | 45.07 | 50.54 | 44.47 | | | | 50.54 | |
| 13 | Inga Kožarenoka | Latvia | 50.40 | x | 49.02 | | | | 50.40 | |
| 14 | Inga Stasiulionytė | Lithuania | 48.07 | x | 43.93 | | | | 48.07 | |
| 15 | Halina Kakhava | Belarus | 47.08 | 46.62 | x | | | | 47.08 | |
| 16 | Johanna Heeb | Liechtenstein | 44.22 | 42.87 | 37.78 | | | | 44.22 | |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 16 athletes from 12 countries participated in the event.
* Belarus (2)
* Czech Republic (2)
* Estonia (1)
* Germany (2)
* Hungary (1)
* Latvia (2)
* Liechtenstein (1)
* Lithuania (1)
* Poland (1)
* Russia (1)
* Ukraine (1)
* United Kingdom (1)
# A Treatise on the Circle and the Sphere

A Treatise on the Circle and the Sphere is a mathematics book on circles, spheres, and inversive geometry. It was written by Julian Coolidge, and published by the Clarendon Press in 1916. The Chelsea Publishing Company published a corrected reprint in 1971, and after the American Mathematical Society acquired Chelsea Publishing it was reprinted again in 1997.

## Topics

As is now standard in inversive geometry, the book extends the Euclidean plane to its one-point compactification, and considers Euclidean lines to be a degenerate case of circles, passing through the point at infinity. It identifies every circle with the inversion through it, and studies circle inversions as a group, the group of Möbius transformations of the extended plane. Another key tool used by the book are the "tetracyclic coordinates" of a circle, quadruples of complex numbers $a,b,c,d$ describing the circle in the complex plane as the solutions to the equation $az{\bar {z}}+bz+c{\bar {z}}+d=0$. It applies similar methods in three dimensions to identify spheres (and planes as degenerate spheres) with the inversions through them, and to coordinatize spheres by "pentacyclic coordinates".
Other topics described in the book include:
* Tangent circles and pencils of circles
* Steiner chains, rings of circles tangent to two given circles
* Ptolemy's theorem on the sides and diagonals of quadrilaterals inscribed in circles
* Triangle geometry, and circles associated with triangles, including the nine-point circle, Brocard circle, and Lemoine circle
* The Problem of Apollonius on constructing a circle tangent to three given circles, and the Malfatti problem of constructing three mutually-tangent circles, each tangent to two sides of a given triangle
* The work of Wilhelm Fiedler on "cyclography", constructions involving circles and spheres
* The Mohr–Mascheroni theorem, that in straightedge and compass constructions, it is possible to use only the compass
* Laguerre transformations, analogues of Möbius transformations for oriented projective geometry
* Dupin cyclides, shapes obtained from cylinders and tori by inversion

## Legacy

At the time of its original publication this book was called encyclopedic, and "likely to become and remain the standard for a long period". It has since been called a classic, in part because of its unification of aspects of the subject previously studied separately in synthetic geometry, analytic geometry, projective geometry, and differential geometry. At the time of its 1971 reprint, it was still considered "one of the most complete publications on the circle and the sphere", and "an excellent reference".
# Aberdeen bus station

Aberdeen bus station is a bus station in Aberdeen, Scotland. It is operated by Stagecoach Group.

## History

A single central bus station in Aberdeen was first considered in the 1950s, with a site in Upper Denburn selected by W. Alexander & Sons. At the time, there were several bus stations in use in Aberdeen. However, in March 1960, the company announced that it did not intend to develop the Upper Denburn site and had instead selected a site on the grounds of the Joint Railway Station (now Aberdeen railway station).
The new bus station opened on 15 April 1963.
Redevelopment of the bus station was included in the Union Square project which saw former railway land replaced with retail. The first phase of this project saw the existing bus station demolished and rebuilt, and was completed in February 2008.

## Layout

The station has two vehicular entrances, on Guild Street and Market Street. The station is connected to Union Square which itself is connected to the railway station, creating a covered interchange. The station also houses offices for Stagecoach (formerly Bluebird Buses).

## Services

The station is the terminus for services to surrounding towns and villages, including the X7 Coastrider to Perth via Dundee, and the Buchan Express services north to Peterhead and Fraserburgh.. The Jet 727 service to Aberdeen Airport also starts here. Many internal Aberdeen services call at the adjacent Guild Street but do not enter the bus station itself.
# PVLV

The primary value learned value (PVLV) model is a possible explanation for the reward-predictive firing properties of dopamine (DA) neurons. It simulates behavioral and neural data on Pavlovian conditioning and the midbrain dopaminergic neurons that fire in proportion to unexpected rewards. It is an alternative to the temporal-differences (TD) algorithm.
It is used as part of Leabra.
# Paul de Montgolfier

Paul-Joseph de Montgolfier (28 April 1913 – 8 November 1942) was a French fighter pilot, flying Curtiss 75 Hawks with the GC II/5 fighter group when World War II began.
De Montgolfier was born in Saint-Marcel-d'Ardèche, France. On 6 November 1939, Paul de Montgolfier and 8 other pilots were escorting bombers over the Sarre region when they were jumped by 27 Messerschmitt fighters of JGr 102. The French pilots scored 5 victories (and another 5 probable victories, including one shot down by Montgolfier) for the loss of only two of their own. This fight - known as the "9 against 27" fight was to become legendary and Hannes Gentzen, the CO of JGr 102, was summoned back to Berlin and threatened with court-martial for such disastrous results.
Montgolfier went on top score more victories until the Nazi invasion of France : he was shot down on 15 May 1940 and wounded. He was credited with 5 aerial victories. After recovering, he went back to active service and was killed in action fighting the Allied landing at Casablanca on 8 November 1942.

## List of aerial victories

1. Bf 109; 06 Nov 39 - Probable, shared with Lt Trémolet
2. He 111; 23 Nov 39 - Destroyed, shared with Sgt Audrain, Sgt Bouhy and 3 RAF pilots. Over Boulay.
3. Do 17; 02 Mar 40 - Probable, shared with A/C Gras, S/C Janebas
4. Bf 109; 10 May 40 - Destroyed over Luxemburg.
5. ??

## Awards

* Légion d'Honneur
* Médaille Militaire
* Croix de Guerre avec palme
# Phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase

In enzymology, a phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PcyA, EC 1.3.7.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    (3Z)-phycocyanobilin + oxidized ferredoxin $\rightleftharpoons$ biliverdin IXalpha + reduced ferredoxin
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (3Z)-phycocyanobilin and oxidized ferredoxin, whereas its two products are biliverdin IXalpha and reduced ferredoxin.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-CH group of donor with an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (3Z)-phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.

## Structural studies

As of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 2D1E, 2DKE, and 2G18.
# 2000 Southland Conference men's basketball tournament

The 2000 Southland Conference men's basketball tournament took place March 8–11, 2000. The quarterfinal round was played at the home arena of the higher seeded-teams, with the semifinals and championship game played at Hirsch Memorial Coliseum in Shreveport, Louisiana. Number 7 seed Lamar won the championship game over number 4 seed Northwestern State, 62–55.
The Cardinals earned the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament where they lost in the opening round to No. 1 overall seed Duke.

## Format

The top eight eligible men's basketball teams in the Southland Conference receive a berth in the conference tournament. After the conference season, teams were seeded by conference record.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals March 8 | Quarterfinals March 8 | Quarterfinals March 8 | Semifinals March 9 | Semifinals March 9 | Semifinals March 9 | Finals March 11 | Finals March 11 | Finals March 11 |
| 1 | Sam Houston State | 49 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Nicholls State | 48 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Nicholls State | 48 | 1 | Sam Houston State | 64 | | | |
| | | | 4 | Northwestern State | 70 | | | |
| 4 | Northwestern State | 88 | 4 | Northwestern State | 70 | | | |
| 5 | Texas–Arlington | 83 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Texas–Arlington | 83 | | | | 4 | Northwestern State | 55 |
| | | | | | | 7 | Lamar | 62 |
| 3 | UTSA | 86 | | | | | | | 7 | Lamar | 62 |
| 6 | Southwest Texas State | 88 | | | | | | |
| 6 | Southwest Texas State | 88 | 6 | Southwest Texas State | 50 | | | |
| | | | 7 | Lamar | 53 | | | |
| 2 | Louisiana-Monroe | 62 | 7 | Lamar | 53 | | | |
| 7 | Lamar | 66 | | | | | | |

## Sources

* Southland Conference archives
# PDRA

PDRA may refer to:
* Pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter, a type of bacterium
* Participatory disaster risk assessment
* Postdoctoral research assistant
* Postdoctoral Research Award, funded by the Qatar National Research Fund
* Preventable drug-related hospital admission
* Professional Drag Racers Association
* People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
# 2003 European Athletics U23 Championships – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay

The women's 4 x 400 metres relay event at the 2003 European Athletics U23 Championships was held in Bydgoszcz, Poland, at Zawisza Stadion on 20 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | Yuliya Gushchina Natalya Ivanova Oksana Gulumyan Tatyana Firova Russia |
| Silver | Jennifer Meadows Danielle Halsall Kim Wall Helen Karagounis United Kingdom |
| Bronze | Eileen Müller Katharina Gröb Tina Kron Claudia Hoffmann Germany |

## Results
### Final

20 July
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time |
| | Russia | Yuliya Gushchina Natalya Ivanova Oksana Gulumyan Tatyana Firova | 3:29.55 |
| | United Kingdom | Jennifer Meadows Danielle Halsall Kim Wall Helen Karagounis | 3:30.44 |
| | Germany | Eileen Müller Katharina Gröb Tina Kron Claudia Hoffmann | 3:33.59 |
| 4 | Ukraine | Hanna Bordyugova Tetyana Petlyuk Anastasiya Rabchenyuk Nataliya Pyhyda | 3:33.63 |
| 5 | Poland | Anna Nentwig Karolina Tłustochowska Anita Hennig Monika Bejnar | 3:34.04 |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 20 athletes from 5 countries participated in the event.
* Germany (4)
* Poland (4)
* Russia (4)
* Ukraine (4)
* United Kingdom (4)
# A Treatise on Painting

A Treatise on Painting (Trattato della pittura) is a collection of Leonardo da Vinci's writings entered in his notebooks under the general heading "On Painting". The manuscripts were begun in Milan while Leonardo was under the service of Ludovico Sforza and gathered together by his heir Francesco Melzi. An abridged version of the treatise was first published in France in 1651. After Melzi's manuscript was rediscovered in the Vatican Library, the treatise was published in its modern form in 1817.

## Content

The main aim of the treatise was to argue that painting was a science. Leonardo's keen observation of expression and character is evidenced in his comparison of laughing and weeping, about which he notes that the only difference between the two emotions in terms of the "motion of the [facial] features" is "the ruffling of the brows, which is added in weeping, but more elevated and extended in laughing."
This manuscript contains the famous branching rule:
   All the branches of a tree at every stage of its height when put together are equal in thickness to the trunk [below them].

## History

The manuscripts were begun in Milan while Leonardo was under the service of Ludovico Sforza (between 1482 and 1499), being worked on substantially for the last 25 years of Leonardo's life. The works later published in this collection drew from writing of Leon Battista Alberti and Cennino Cennini. Upon Leonardo's death, he left his notebooks to his pupil and heir Francesco Melzi to be published, a task of overwhelming difficulty because of its scope and Leonardo's idiosyncratic writing. Sometime before 1542, Melzi gathered together the papers for A Treatise on Painting from 18 of Leonardo's "books" (two-thirds of which have gone missing). After Melzi's death in 1570, the collection passed to his son, the lawyer Orazio, who initially took little interest in the journals, but they were later dispersed.
It was printed in an abridged form in French and Italian as Trattato della pittura by Raffaelo du Fresne in 1651. After Melzi's version was rediscovered in the Vatican Library, the treatise was first published in its modern form in 1817.
In 1937, Max Ernst wrote in Cahiers d'Art that Leonardo's advice on the studying of stains on walls caused him an "unbearable visual obsession".
All editions of the treatise are kept at the Elmer Belt Library of Vinciana at UCLA.
# Aboriginal Day of Action

The Aboriginal Day of Action (also known as the Aboriginal Day of Protest) was a day of organized protest and demonstration by Canadian First Nations groups on June 29, 2007. Events were held at sites across the country.
The event, now known as the Indigenous Day of Action, has become annual, with events being hosted nationwide every year on June 29 since 2007.

## Overview

The events included blockades of several major transportation routes, especially but not exclusively in Eastern Ontario, and protest rallies held in Toronto, Ottawa, Vancouver, Edmonton, Windsor and at the Nova Scotia-New Brunswick border. Blockaded routes included Highway 401 at Tyendinaga (as well as two potential detour routes south to Deseronto), the Via Rail Corridor line from Toronto to Montreal, the Mercier Bridge into Montreal, Highway 17 at McKerrow and Serpent River, the Huron Central Railway route from Sudbury to Sault Ste. Marie, and Muskoka Regional Road 38 at Bala.
The protests were organized to call attention to poverty, lack of governmental action on indigenous land claims issues, the quality of indigenous health and social service programs and the federal government's cancellation of the Kelowna Accord.
The events were closely co-ordinated with police.
# Packera cardamine

Packera cardamine is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name bittercress ragwort.
It is endemic to Arizona and New Mexico in the Southwestern United States.
# Eulepidotis panamensis

Eulepidotis panamensis is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by George Hampson in 1926. It is found in the Neotropics, including Panama.
# Phu

Phu may refer to:

## Places

* PHU (Polish-Hungarian Union), personal union between Poland and Hungary in 14th century.

## People
### Given name

* Phu Dorjee (died 1987), first Indian to climb Mount Everest without oxygen
* Phu Dorjee Sherpa (died 1969), first Nepali to climb Mount Everest
* Phu Lam (1961–2014), perpetrator in the 2014 Edmonton killings
* Trần Phú (1904–1931), Vietnamese communist revolutionary
* Trương Phụ (1375–1449), general of the Ming Dynasty of China

### Surname

* Charles Phu, architect and set designer
* Phu Pwint Khaing (born 1987), Burmese soccer player
* Sunthorn Phu (1786–1855), Siamese poet

## Linguistics

* Phuan language (ISO 639 language code: phu)
* Phu Thai language, the Phu language of Thais
* Nar Phu language, the Nar and the Phu languages

## Other uses

* Public Health Units of Ontario, Canada
* Pannon Air Service (ICAO airline code: PHU)
# PDS5A

Sister chromatid cohesion protein PDS5 homolog A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDS5A gene.