OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Final Call (album)

Final Call is an album by Japanese New Age recording artist Kitaro, released by Domo Records on September 10, 2013. The album is a tribute to Kitaro's lifelong reverence of Nature, and a musical call to action to encourage everyone to take better care of how we treat our planet.
Commenting on Final Call, Kitaro said, "I have always felt we all must respect the providence of the Universe. Unfortunately, through the course of time and the growth of civilization, many living creatures that we now know will become extinct. If we don't alter how we treat each other and our planet Earth, many habitats and portions of this earth may become devastated and eventually disappear."
In December 2013, Final Call was nominated by The National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences for Best New Age Album, becoming Kitaro's 15th Grammy Award nomination.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Kitaro

## Awards

| Year | Award | Result |
| 2014 | 56th Grammy Best New Age Album | Nominated |

## Personnel

* Kitaro - Producer, Composer, Arranger, Engineer, Keyboards, Percussion
* Timothy Beach - Engineer
* Tim Gennert - Mastering
Additional personnel
* Eiichi Naito - Executive Producer, Management
* Dino Malito - Artists & Repertoire, Management
* Kio Griffith - Art Direction, Design
* Atsuko Mizuta - Marketing & Promotions
* Mai Okuno - Marketing & Promotions
* Craig Melone - Liner Notes
# Final Conflict (disambiguation)

Final Conflict or The Final Conflict may refer to:

## Music

* Final Conflict, American hardcore punk band
* Final Conflict (band), British progressive rock band
* The Final Conflict, a 1988 album by Conflict

## Film

* The Final Conflict (film), a 1981 American film
* Lone Wolf and Cub: Final Conflict, a 1993 Japanese film

## Television
### Episodes

* "Final Conflict", Bolts and Blip episode 26 (2011)
* "Final Conflict", Earth: Final Conflict season 5, episode 22 (2002)
* "Final Conflict (Part 1)" and "Final Conflict (Part 2)", Martial Law season 2 episodes 21–22 (2000)
* "The Final Conflict", Challenge of the GoBots episode 5 (1984)
* "The Final Conflict", Monster Café series 1, episode 15 (1994)
* "The Final Conflict", Redwall season 1, episode 13 (1999)
* "The Final Conflict", The Celts (1987) episode 5 (1987)
* "Westbury: The Final Conflict", Doc (2001) season 4, episode 1 (2003)

### Shows

* Earth: Final Conflict, a 1997–2002 Canada/US television series

## Video game

* The Final Conflict (video game), a 1982 strategy video game
* Hagane: The Final Conflict, a 1994 video game
* Shining Force Gaiden: Final Conflict, a 1995 video game
# Ficano

Ficano is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Nicola Ficano (born 1987), Italian footballer
* Robert A. Ficano (born 1952), American politician
# Alphonse Sormany

Alphonse Sormany (March 31, 1880 – March 5, 1943) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick as a member from Gloucester County.
# Festuca brevipila

Festuca brevipila, the hard fescue, is a species of grass which can be found everywhere in Canada and in both Eastern and Central United States (except for Arkansas, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and South Dakota).
The species derives its common name by virtue of being the "hardiest" of the fescue family. It does well in poor soils and is "very drought tolerant" preferring deep and infrequent watering.
This grass is used for residential and sports turf, and erosion control.
# Festuca argentina

Festuca argentina is a species of grass and a perennial herb, these species have a self-supporting growth form. This species is endemic to native to Argentina. This species often thrive in mountain slopes. This species was first described in 1935.

## Characteristics

Festuca argentina can grow up to 28 centimetres, and have simple but broad leaves.This species can clump to a meter high wlong with a long growth period. This species is poisnous to cattle and goats as when consumed, causes a condition called huaicú disease, which can interrupt the reproductive system among cattles, this often happens when overgrazing occurs. Due to its appearance, it can stand out amongst many grasses.
# 1997 World Fencing Championships

The 1997 World Fencing Championships were held from 13 July to 19 July 1997 in Cape Town, South Africa at the newly constructed Foreshore Exhibition Centre.

## Medal summary
### Men's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Individual épée | Éric Srecki | Pavel Kolobkov | Robert Andrzejuk Robert Leroux |
| Individual foil | Sergei Golubitsky | Kim Young-ho | Wang Haibin Lionel Plumenail |
| Individual sabre | Stanislav Pozdnyakov | Luigi Tarantino | Rafal Sznajder Damien Touya |
| Team épée | Cuba Nelson Loyola Torriente Iván Trevejo Perez Carlos Pedroso | Germany Arnd Schmitt Michael Flegler Mark Steifensand Elmar Borrmann | Italy Angelo Mazzoni Sandro Cuomo Alfredo Rota Maurizio Randazzo |
| Team foil | France Lionel Plumenail Olivier Lambert Franck Boidin Laurent Bel | Cuba Rolando Tuckers Leon Oscar García Pérez Elvis Gregory Gil Ignacio González | Italy Daniele Crosta Alessandro Puccini Stefano Cerioni Salvatore Sanzo |
| Team sabre | France Damien Touya Jean-Philippe Daurelle Gaël Touya Matthieu Gourdain | Russia Stanislav Pozdnyakov Sergey Sharikov Grigory Kiriyenko Aleksandr Shirshov | Hungary Domonkos Ferjancsik József Navarrete György Boros Csaba Köves |

### Women's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Individual épée | Mirayda García Soto | Zuleydis Ortiz | Taymi Chappé Gyöngyi Szalay |
| Individual foil | Giovanna Trillini | Sabine Bau | Diana Bianchedi Monika Weber |
| Team épée | Hungary Gyöngyi Szalay Adrienn Hormay Tímea Nagy Hajnalka Király | Germany Imke Duplitzer Claudia Bokel Katja Nass Eva-Maria Ittner | France Laura Flessel-Colovic Sophie Moressée-Pichot Valérie Barlois Elsa Girardot |
| Team foil | Italy Giovanna Trillini Diana Bianchedi Valentina Vezzali Annamaria Giacometti | Romania Laura Badea Reka Szabo-Lazar Roxana Scarlat Mioara David | Germany Sabine Bau Monika Weber Rita Koenig Gesine Schiel |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | France (FRA) | 3 | 0 | 4 | 7 |
| 2 | Cuba (CUB) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 3 | Italy (ITA) | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 4 | Russia (RUS) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 5 | Hungary (HUN) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 6 | Ukraine (UKR) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 8 | Romania (ROU) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | South Korea (KOR) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | Poland (POL) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 11 | China (CHN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 11 | Spain (ESP) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (12 entries) | Totals (12 entries) | 10 | 10 | 15 | 35 |
# Alverda, Pennsylvania

Alverda is an Census-designated place in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located on Pennsylvania Route 553, 15.5 miles (24.9 km) east of Indiana in Pine Township.
As of the 2020 census, the community had a population of 279.
Alverda has a post office; its residents use ZIP code 15710. It includes the neighborhood of Brownstown, which had, historically, been a separate village.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2020 census, there were 279 people, 122 households in the community.
The population density was 260.0 people per square mile (100.4 people/km$^2$). There were 122 housing units at an average density of 45.9 per square mile (17.7/km$^2$).
The racial makeup of the community was 93.5% White, 0.1% African American, 0.03% American Indian or Alaska Native, and 0.4% from two or more races.
There were 122 households, 32.0% had children under the age of eighteen living with them; 49.0% were married couples living together, 18.0% had a single guardian with no spouse present, and 33.0% were non-families.
# Always Ascending (song)

"Always Ascending" is a song by Scottish indie rock band Franz Ferdinand. It was released as the lead single from their fifth studio album of the same name on 25 October 2017. Two days before the release of the song the band released a clip of the song. It released along with a shorter edited version.

## Background and release

After their 2013 album Right Thoughts, Right Words, Right Action the band formed a supergroup with the American rock band Sparks by the name of FFS in 2014. The band's name is an abbreviation of Franz Ferdinand Sparks. The group's existence was formally announced on 9 March 2015. In July 2016 founding guitarist Nick McCarthy left the band to focus on side-projects and spending time with his family, and was replaced with guitarist Dino Bardot and keyboardist Julian Corrie.
Leading up to the song's release the band released a snippet of the song on 23 October. The song was released with an edited version, which has the roughly one minute 15 second long piano intro and the shorter piano outro cut out.
The song makes extensive use of a Shepard Tone throughout, adding emphasis to the title of the track.

## Music video

A music video for "Always Ascending" was released on 4 December 2017. It was directed by AB/CD/CD, who previously worked with the band on the music video for their FFS song "Johnny Delusional". Described as "vivid" by Rolling Stone, the video features slow motion scenes of the band's members floating around in front of abstract backgrounds. Band frontman Alex Kapranos described it as "pretty much a typical Sunday afternoon round at Franz Ferdinand's flat".

## Charts

Chart performance for "Always Ascending" :
| Chart (2017–2018) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 13 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Wallonia) | 31 |
| Canada Rock (Billboard) | 47 |
| Japan Hot Overseas (Billboard) | 20 |
| Mexico Ingles Airplay (Billboard) | 30 |
| Poland (ZPAV) | 50 |
| US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 25 |
| US Rock Airplay (Billboard) | 50 |
# Donacoscaptes duomita

Donacoscaptes duomita is a moth in the Crambidae family. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1912. It is found in Mexico.
# Among Brothers

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Among Brothers is a World album released in 2003 by Algerian composer and singer-songwriter Abderrahmane Abdelli. The album was released by Real World Records.

## Track listing

* "Amazine Introduction" – 1:34
* "Amazine (Moonlight)" – 6:01
* "Itij Introduction" – 1:14
* "Itij (The Sun)" – 6:46
* "Kif-kif (Either Way)" – 3:15
* "Asiram (Hope)" – 4:30
* "Svar (Patience)" – 4:09
* "Adhou Introduction" – 1:56
* "Adhou (The Wind)" – 1:44
* "Inas (The Message)" – 6:53
* "Tharguith (The Dream)" – 5:21
* "Ayen (Why?)" – 4:36
* "Ayema-yema (O My Mother)" – 6:43
* "Thamziw Introduction" – 3:06
* "Thamziw (My Youth)" – 3:04

## Personnel

THE MUSICIANS
* Abdelli (Algeria) - lead vocal; mandola
* Thierry Van Roy (Belgium) - e-bow guitars; keyboards
* Assedine Jazouli (Morocco) - darbukka; bendir; taarija; bells; tabla; tar (percussion); daf; karkabou
* Abdelmagid 'Mgidou' Makrai Lamanti (Morocco) - violin; percussion
* Said 'El Asfour' Mohammed Najib (Tunisia) - nay
* Luis Leiva Alquinta (Chile) - bombo; cajon; bells; Maracas; udu; guiro; reco-reco; triangle
* Carlos Diaz (Argentina) - Spanish guitar
* Lahcen Bourgha (Morocco) - ajouj; wooden karkabou
In Cape Verde:
* Ulysses Santos - lead acoustic guitar; Portuguese guitar; cavaquino
* Aurelio Santos - cavaquino
* Bitori - diatonic accordion
* Totovares - acoustic guitar
* Halder - ferrinio
* Aderito - additional guitar
In Azerbaijan:
* Möhlet Müslümov - târ
* Fahraddin Dadashov - kemantcha
* Faïg Alibalayev - garmon
* Elshad Jabbarov - balaban; clarinet; flute
* Malahat Aliyeva - kanun
* Farhad Rahimov - nagara; zarb
* Oktaj - gosha nagara
* Jawad Smaili - Iranian nay
In Burkina Faso: The drum section of Farafina
* Salif Koné - bara
* Adolphe Kinda - djembe
* Bakhari Traoré - bara
* Souleymane 'Mani' Sanou - doumdouba; shekere
# First Presbyterian Church (Mankato, Minnesota)

The First Presbyterian Church is a historic church in Mankato, Minnesota. It is a Richardsonian Romanesque-style building designed by Warren H. Hayes. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
The congregation was founded in 1855, three years after the town of Mankato was first platted. The first church building was a log schoolhouse, and the second building was built in 1865. Construction on the current building started in 1893, with the sanctuary completed in 1896.
# Psilactis

Psilactis is a genus of North American and South American plants in the tribe Astereae within the family Asteraceae which are known by the common name tansyaster. There are six species within the genus.

## Taxonomy

The genus contains six species: Psilactis asteroides, Psilactis brevilingulata, Psilactis gentryi, Psilactis heterocarpa, Psilactis odysseus, and Psilactis tenuis. Formerly included in the genus were Psilactis coulteri and Psilactis crispa which are now placed in genus Leucosyris as L. coulteri and L. crispa, respectively. Additionally, Psilactis lepta has been determined to be a taxonymic synonym of Psilactis asteroides.
* P. asteroides
* P. brevilingulata
* P. gentryi
* P. heterocarpa

## Distribution

Five species within the genus have native distribution in Mexico. Psilactis heterocarpa is restricted to Texas in the United States with no Mexican distribution. P. odysseus is restricted to the Mexican states Nuevo León and Tamaulipas, and the other four species, P. asteroides, P. brevilingulata, P. gentryi, and P. tenuis have distributions in both Mexico and the United States. P. brevilingulata has an additional presence in Colombia and Peru.

## Citations

* ↑ Lectotype designated by Pfeiffer, L.K.G. 1874. Nomenclator Botanicus 2(2): 857.
* ↑ Tropicos, Psilactis A. Gray
* 1 2 3 POWO 2021.
* ↑ Morgan 2006.
* ↑ USDA 2014.
* ↑ POWO 2021, Psilactis coulteri A.Gray.
* ↑ POWO 2021, Psilactis crispa Brandegee.
* ↑ POWO 2021, Psilactis lepta Shinners.
* ↑ Hassler 2021, Psilactis heterocarpa (R. L. Hartm. & M. A. Lane) D. R. Morgan.
* ↑ Hassler 2021, Psilactis odysseus (G. L. Nesom) D. R. Morgan.
* ↑ Hassler 2021, Psilactis asteroides A. Gray.
* 1 2 Hassler 2021, Psilactis brevilingulata Sch. Bip. ex Hemsl..
* ↑ Hassler 2021, Psilactis gentryi (Standl.) D. R. Morgan.
* ↑ Hassler 2021, Psilactis tenuis S. Watson.
# Alkali Falls

Alkali Falls, is a multi-step waterfall of 6 tiers located in the east side of the Rogue–Umpqua Divide Wilderness, just west of Mount Bailey and Diamond Lake, on Oregon Route 230 in Douglas County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It totals 510 feet (160 m) fall in six drops, the Upper Alkali and tallest drop is 130 feet (40 m), making it one of the tallest cascades in Oregon.
The waters of Alkali Falls are located in the heart of Alkali Meadows. The waterfall is upstream of Alkali Creek, a narrow width creek that drains into Muir Creek, which in turn is a tributary of the Rogue River just south of Alkali Creek. The Alkali Falls trailhead is USFS No 1055 that spins off Forest Road 6540-900 from Oregon Route 230.
# 2019 FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup qualification

The 2019 FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup qualification refers to the qualification process for the 2019 FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup.
Nine teams for the men's competition and ten teams for the women's competition outright qualifies for the FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup with three men's national teams and two women's national teams set to secure a berth in the final tournament through a qualification tournament to be held from 23 to 24 May 2019. The top teams from each group qualifies for the final tournament.

## Results
### Men's
#### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Qualification | | | | | |
| 1 | Qatar | 4 | 4 | 0 | 78 | 69 | +9 | 2019 FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup – Group B | — | 21–17 | 17–16 | 21–16 | 19–10 |
| 2 | Philippines | 4 | 2 | 2 | 71 | 69 | +2 | | 17–21 | — | 21–19 | 22–15 | 11–14 |
| 3 | Iran | 4 | 2 | 2 | 77 | 53 | +24 | | 16–17 | 19–21 | — | 21–9 | 21–6 |
| 4 | Samoa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 53 | 75 | −22 | | 16–21 | 15–22 | 9–21 | — | 13–11 |
| 5 | Thailand | 4 | 1 | 3 | 41 | 64 | −23 | | 10–19 | 14–11 | 6–21 | 11–13 | — |

#### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Qualification | | | | |
| 1 | South Korea | 3 | 3 | 0 | 62 | 25 | +37 | 2019 FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup – Group C | — | 20–19 | 21–3 | 21–3 |
| 2 | India | 3 | 2 | 1 | 61 | 43 | +18 | | 19–20 | — | 21–13 | 21–10 |
| 3 | Malaysia | 3 | 1 | 2 | 37 | 54 | −17 | | 3–21 | 13–21 | — | 21–12 |
| 4 | Vanuatu | 3 | 0 | 3 | 25 | 63 | −38 | | 3–21 | 10–21 | 12–21 | — |

#### Group C

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Qualification | | | | |
| 1 | Chinese Taipei | 3 | 3 | 0 | 54 | 41 | +13 | 2019 FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup – Group D | — | 21–18 | 14–13 | 19–10 |
| 2 | Vietnam | 3 | 2 | 1 | 60 | 48 | +12 | | 18–21 | — | 21–10 | 21–17 |
| 3 | Kyrgyzstan | 3 | 1 | 2 | 44 | 45 | −1 | | 13–14 | 10–21 | — | 21–10 |
| 4 | Sri Lanka | 3 | 0 | 3 | 37 | 61 | −24 | | 10–19 | 17–21 | 10–21 | — |

### Women's
#### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Qualification | | | | |
| 1 | Philippines | 3 | 3 | 0 | 59 | 19 | +40 | 2019 FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup – Group C | — | 16–13 | 21–1 | 22–5 |
| 2 | Chinese Taipei | 3 | 2 | 1 | 55 | 23 | +32 | | 13–16 | — | 21–2 | 21–5 |
| 3 | Samoa | 3 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 53 | −38 | | 1–21 | 2–21 | — | 12–11 |
| 4 | Vanuatu | 3 | 0 | 3 | 21 | 55 | −34 | | 5–22 | 5–21 | 11–12 | — |

#### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Qualification | | | | |
| 1 | Thailand | 3 | 3 | 0 | 51 | 36 | +15 | 2019 FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup – Group D | — | 21–15 | 18–10 | 12–11 |
| 2 | India | 3 | 2 | 1 | 49 | 48 | +1 | | 15–21 | — | 16–15 | 18–12 |
| 3 | Malaysia | 3 | 1 | 2 | 44 | 39 | +5 | | 10–18 | 15–16 | — | 19–5 |
| 4 | Maldives | 3 | 0 | 3 | 28 | 49 | −21 | | 11–12 | 12–18 | 5–19 | — |
# Peter A. Judd

Peter A. Judd was a member of the First Presidency of the Community of Christ from 2000 to 2005. Judd was also an apostle and a member of the Council of Twelve Apostles of the church from 1996 to 2000.
Judd, a native of Enfield, England, became a counselor to W. Grant McMurray, the seventh prophet–president of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church), in 2000, when Howard S. Sheehy Jr. retired. (The RLDS Church changed its name to Community of Christ in 2001). When McMurray resigned in 2005, Judd and fellow counselor Kenneth N. Robinson led the church until Stephen M. Veazey was selected as the new president. Veazey selected Robinson and David D. Schaal as his counselors in the First Presidency.
Judd is the author of several books and articles about the Community of Christ and its beliefs. He has degrees from Graceland University, the University of Kansas, and the Saint Paul School of Theology.

## Publications

* Peter A. Judd and W. Grant McMurray (2004). Journey in Trust : A Study Resource Exploring Doctrine and Covenants, Section 161 (Independence, Mo.: Herald House) ISBN 0-8309-1122-7
* Peter A. Judd (1995). Worship in a Diverse Culture (Independence, Mo.: Herald House) ISBN 0-8309-0706-8
* —— (1992). The Sacraments : An Exploration into Their Meaning and Practice in the World's Church (Independence, Mo.: Herald House) ISBN 0-8309-0624-X
* —— (1984). The Worshiping Community (Independence, Mo.: Herald House) ISBN 0-8309-0403-4
* —— (1983). Distinctives Yesterday and Today (Independence, Mo.: Herald House) ISBN 0-8309-0378-X
* —— (1978). The Sacraments : An Exploration into Their Meaning and Practice in the Saint's Church (Independence, Mo.: Herald House) ISBN 0-8309-0225-2
# Diazaquinone

A diazaquinone is a chemical compound that has an heterocyclic aromatic core including two consecutive doubly-bonded nitrogen atoms −N=N−, with the two =CH− carbon units adjacent to the nitrogens replaced by carbonyl (ketone) groups −(C=O)−. These carbon and nitrogen atoms then comprise a diacyl diimide unit, −(C=O)−N=N−(C=O)−.
Two canonical examples are 3,6-pyridazinedione (a quinone of pyridine), emerald-green; and 1,4-phthalazinedione (a quinone of phthalazine) a green crystalline solid (both soluble in acetone and stable at -77 °C).
The name was proposed by Thomas J. Kealy in 1962.
# Faegre & Benson

Faegre & Benson LLP is a predecessor to the firm Faegre Baker Daniels LLP, which resulted after the firm merged in 2012 with Indianapolis-based Baker & Daniels LLP. Even prior to the merger, Faegre & Benson was the largest law firm in Minnesota (ahead of Dorsey & Whitney, its key competitor in the Twin Cities, by number of lawyers) and one of the 100 largest firms headquartered in the United States, with more than 500 lawyers on three continents. Faegre & Benson was established in Minneapolis in 1886 as Cobb & Wheelwright. As a full-service law firm, Faegre & Benson provided legal counseling and litigation to clients in a wide range of practice areas. On August 11, 2011, Faegre announced that it was in discussions with Baker & Daniels regarding a potential merger. The merger was completed January 1, 2012.
# 1991 Maldon District Council election

The 1991 Maldon District Council election took place on 2 May 1991 to elect members of Maldon District Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections.

## Election result

1991 Maldon District Council election :
| Party | Seats | Net gain/loss | Seats % | Votes % | Votes | +/− |
| Conservative | 14 | 1 | 45.2 | 38.5 | 9,036 | -4.2 |
| Independent | 9 | 7 | 29.0 | 28.0 | 6,577 | +22.8 |
| Liberal Democrats | 6 | 5 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 4,600 | -21.5 |
| Labour | 1 | | 3.2 | 10.4 | 2,448 | +2.8 |
| Ind. Conservative | 1 | 1 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 824 | +0.1 |
# FIE3 (ftz instability element 3′) element

The FIE3 (ftz instability element 3′) element is an RNA element found in the 3′ UTR of the fushi tarazu mRNA. The fushi tarazu gene is essential for the establishment of the Drosophila embryonic body plan. When first expressed in early embryogenesis, fushi tarazu mRNA is uniformly distributed over most of the embryo. Subsequently, fushi tarazu mRNA expression rapidly evolves into a pattern of seven stripes that encircle the embryo. The instability of fushi tarazu mRNA may contribute to the localization of this pattern of expression, but this is unlikely to be a dominant effect since the 744 base-pair ftz zebra stripe element can drive the ectopic expression of a reporter construct (with mRNA structure entirely unrelated to the ftz transcript) in a qualitatively highly similar pattern. Experiments provide evidence for at least two destabilizing elements in the fushi tarazu mRNA, one located within the 5′ one-third of the mRNA and the other near the 3′ end (termed FIE3 for ftz instability element 3′). The FIE3 lies within a 201-nucleotide sequence just upstream of the polyadenylation signal and can act autonomously to destabilize a heterologous mRNA. Further deletion constructs identified an essential 68-nucleotide element within the FIE3. Although this element is predicted to contain a secondary structure, it also contains a GU rich sequence (UGUUUUGUUU) that is similar to GU rich instability elements subsequently identified in other systems.