OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Quantum phases

Quantum phases are quantum states of matter at zero temperature. Even at zero temperature a quantum-mechanical system has quantum fluctuations and therefore can still support phase transitions. As a physical parameter is varied, quantum fluctuations can drive a phase transition into a different phase of matter. An example of a canonical quantum phase transition is the well-studied Superconductor Insulator Transition in disordered thin films which separates two quantum phases having different symmetries. Quantum magnets provide another example of QPT. The discovery of new quantum phases is a pursuit of many scientists. These phases of matter exhibit properties and symmetries which can potentially be exploited for technological purposes and the benefit of mankind.
The difference between these states and classical states of matter is that classically, materials exhibit different phases which ultimately depends on the change in temperature and/or density or some other macroscopic property of the material whereas quantum phases can change in response to a change in a different type of order parameter (which is instead a parameter in the Hamiltonian of the system, unlike the classical case) of the system at zero temperature – temperature does not have to change. The order parameter plays a role in quantum phases analogous to its role in classical phases. Some quantum phases are the result of a superposition of many other quantum phases.
# 1 Delphini

1 Delphini (1 Del) is the Flamsteed designation for a close binary star in the equatorial constellation Delphinus. With a combined apparent magnitude of 6.08, it is barely visible to the naked eye, even under ideal conditions. Parallax measurements put the components at a distance 703 and 780 light years respectively. However, its approaching the Solar System with a radial velocity of 15 km/s.
1 Del consists of three components. The brightest of them has a magnitude of 6.1; a companion located around 0.9 arcseconds from the primary has an apparent magnitude of 8.1; and a third star, located much farther away at around 17 arcseconds from component A, is the faintest with a magnitude of around 14 and is an unrelated background object.
The entire system has a stellar classification of A1: III sh, indicating that it is a white giant + a shell star. However, there is some uncertainty about the temperature class. When resolved, the secondary has a class of B9. 1 Del A has 3 times the mass of the Sun and an effective temperature of 10,651 K, giving it a bluish white glow. It is estimated to be almost 250 million years old and has a solar metallicity. Both components spin rapidly, with projected rotational velocities of 217 and 370 km/s respectively. As for the peculiarities, the shell star is a primary component; the spectrum of the secondary shows broad absorption lines.
Due to the stability of the emission lines data from 1 Delphini has been used for developing models of shell stars and Be stars.
# Andrea Navarra

Andrea Navarra (born 25 February 1971) is a former rally driver from Italy.
He scored points in the 1995 and 2004 World Rally Championship seasons, and won the European Rally Championship in 1998.
# Federal, Alberta

Federal is a hamlet located in the County of Paintearth No. 18 in Central Alberta, Canada. It is located approximately 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) west of the town of Coronation and 25.8 kilometres (16.0 mi) east of the town of Castor. Federal was formerly a village. Following the Coronation of George V and Mary in 1911, many places along the Canadian National Railway were given patriotic and royal-themed names, including Coronation, Veteran, Consort, Throne, Loyalist, and Federal.
# Drupella

Drupella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
This genus was placed in the family Muricidae by Drivas & Jay, 1988 and by Richmond, 1997.

## Description

Drupella can be recognised by their extremely long, thin lateral teeth. The shells and radulae vary considerably even within species, complicating the taxonomy of the genus. The colour of the shell aperture varies from white to purple. Some species show sexual dimorphism in their radulae, with males having larger rachidian teeth than females.

## Diet

Snails of this genus are specialist predators of coral polyps.

## Species

Species within the genus Drupella include:
* Drupella cornus (Röding, 1798)
* Drupella eburnea (Küster, 1862)
* Drupella fragum (Blainville, 1832)
* Drupella minuta Fujioka, 1984
* Drupella rugosa (Born, 1778)
* Drupella margariticola

### Species brought into synonymy

* Drupella cariosa Wood: synonym of Muricodrupa fenestrata (Blainville, 1832)
* Drupella fraga (Blainville, 1832) accepted as Drupella fragum (Blainville, 1832)
* Drupella ochrostoma (Blainville, 1832): synonym of Pascula ochrostoma (Blainville, 1832)
# El Norte

El Norte ("The North") may refer to:
* El Norte (film), 1983, directed by Gregory Nava
* El Norte (Monterrey), a Mexican daily newspaper, published in the state of Nuevo Léon
* El Norte, a gang in the television series Oz
* El Norte, an album by the Gotan Project
* El Norte (Region), an administrative district of the Spanish Empire created in 1776.
* El Norte, Present-day northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States.
# Più che puoi

"Più che puoi" ("As Much As You Can") is a duet by Italian singer Eros Ramazzotti and American singer-actress Cher, released on July 3, 2001 by BMG International. It was also the third single from Ramazzotti's eighth studio album, Stilelibero.

## Song information

In the song Cher and Ramazzotti both sang in Italian and English.
A video was released in 2001, featuring Eros Ramazzotti barefoot and playing his guitar in an empty room and Cher singing in a recording studio.
Jose F. Promis, critic, called this duet dramatic.
# Amphidromus glaucolarynx

Amphidromus glaucolarynx is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Camaenidae.
This is the only one amphidromine (left-handed and right-handed snails occur in the population) species in the subgenus Syndromus.
# Quantum paraelectricity

Quantum paraelectricity is a type of incipient ferroelectricity where the onset of ferroelectric order is suppressed by quantum fluctuations. From the soft mode theory of ferroelectricity, this occurs when a ferroelectric instability is stabilized by quantum fluctuations. In this case the soft-mode frequency never becomes unstable (Fig. 1a) as opposed to a regular ferroelectric.
Experimentally this is associated with an anomalous behaviour of the dielectric susceptibility, for example in SrTiO$_3$. In a normal ferroelectric, close to the onset of the phase transition the dielectric susceptibility diverges as the temperature approaches the Curie temperature. However, in the case of a quantum paraelectric the dielectric susceptibility diverges until it reaches a temperature low enough for quantum effects to cancel out the ferroelectricity (Fig. 1b). In the case of SrTiO$_3$ this is around 4K.
Other known quantum paraelectrics are KTaO$_3$ and potentially CaTiO$_3$.
# Georgia national baseball team

The Georgia national baseball team is the national baseball team of Georgia. The team competes in the bi-annual European Baseball Championship.
# Dick Nallin

Richard Francis Nallin (February 26, 1878 – September 7, 1956) was an American college football player and coach and baseball player and umpire. He served as head football coach at Villanova College—now known as Villanova University—in 1899, compiling a record of 7–2–1. Nallin was a Major League Baseball umpire from 1915 to 1932 for the American League. He umpired the 1927 World Series and 1931 World Series. During his umpiring career, he was home plate umpire for three no-hitters: Ernie Koob's on May 5, 1917, Bob Groom's the very next day, and Charlie Robertson's perfect game on April 30, 1922. As of the end of the 2010 season, only two other umpires have called balls and strikes for two no-hitters in the same month: Bill Dinneen in September 1923 and Bill Deegan in May 1977. He was also the home-plate umpire during Ty Cobb's final game on September 11, 1928.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Villanova Wildcats (Independent) (1899) ||||||
| 1899 | Villanova | 7–2–1 |
| Villanova: | Villanova: | 7–2–1 |
| Total: | Total: | 7–2–1 |
# Police Medal

Police Medal may refer to:

## Australia

* Australian Police Medal
* National Police Service Medal
* Police Overseas Service Medal (Australia)
* Police Diligent and Ethical Service Medal, New South Wales Police Force
* South Australia Police Service Medal
* Various medals of the Victoria Police#Honours and awards
* Western Australia Police Medal

## Bangladesh

* Bangladesh Police#Medals

## British colonies

* African Police Medal for Meritorious Service
* Colonial Police Medal
* Colonial Police Long Service Medal

## Canada

* Order of Merit of the Police Forces
* Royal Canadian Mounted Police Long Service Medal
* Police Exemplary Service Medal

## France

* Honour medal of the National Police

## India

* Police Medal (India) (from 1951)
* President's Police Medal
* Indian Police Medal (until 1951)

## Myanmar

* Orders, decorations, and medals of Myanmar

## New Zealand

* New Zealand Police Meritorious Service Medal
* New Zealand Police Long Service and Good Conduct Medal

## Shanghai International Settlement

* Shanghai Municipal Police#Awards

## Sierra Leone

* Sierra Leone Police Medals, 1961–71. Versions for Gallantry, Meritorious Service and Long Service

## Singapore

* Pingat Keberanian Polis, also known as the Police Medal of Valour and the Police Gallantry Medal

## South Africa

* South African Police decorations

## Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon)

* Ceylon Police Medal
* Awards and decorations of the Sri Lanka Police

## United Kingdom and the Commonwealth

* Queen's Police Medal
* Police Long Service and Good Conduct Medal
* Overseas Territories Police Medal

## United States

* United States law enforcement decorations
# Federación de Obreros y Empleados Ferroviarios

Federación de Obreros y Empleados Ferroviarios ('Railway Workers and Employees Federation', abbreviated FOEF) was a trade union of railway workers in Argentina. FOEF was founded in 1939 by syndicalists and Radicals, as a rival union of the established Unión Ferroviaria (UF). The formation of FOEF was encouraged by the government. However, the government of Roberto María Ortiz soon shifted its position and withdrew its support FOEF. FOEF was then dissolved in February 1940, and its members rejoined UF.
# Pterocaulon

Pterocaulon is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family, native to North and South America and to Australasia. Blackroot is a common name for species native to North America.
The plants are perennial herbs, frequently densely covered with woolly hairs. The generic name means "winged stem," referring to the decurrent leaf bases that give the appearance of wings running down the sides of the stems.

## Species

* Pterocaulon alopecuroides - South America, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
* Pterocaulon angustifolium - Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay
* Pterocaulon balansae - Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay
* Pterocaulon cordobense - Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay
* Pterocaulon globuliflorus - Western Australia, Northern Territory
* Pterocaulon lanatum - Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Salta
* Pterocaulon lorentzii - Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia
* Pterocaulon niveum - Western Australia, Northern Territory
* Pterocaulon polypterum - Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay
* Pterocaulon polystachyum - Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay
* Pterocaulon purpurascens - Mato Grosso, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia
* Pterocaulon pycnostachyum - United States (AL GA FL SC NC)
* Pterocaulon redolens - Indochina, Hainan, Orissa, Philippines, Maluku, New Guinea, eastern Australia
* Pterocaulon rugosum - Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay
* Pterocaulon serrulatum - Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia
* Pterocaulon sphacelatum - Australia
* Pterocaulon sphaeranthoides - Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland
* Pterocaulon spicatum - South America
* Pterocaulon verbascifolium - Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland
* Pterocaulon virgatum - Central + South America, West Indies, United States (TX LA)
# Ame ga Furu

Ame ga Furu (雨が降る, It's raining) is Maaya Sakamoto's seventeenth single. The title track was used as the ending theme for the mecha anime Linebarrels of Iron.

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position | Sales | Weeks on chart |
| Oricon Weekly Singles | 9 | 21,766 | 7 |
# Amphidromus floresianus

Amphidromus floresianus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Camaenidae.

## Distribution

South Flores.
# Garland, Ohio

Garland is an unincorporated community in Miami County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

## History

A post office called Garland was established in 1891, and remained in operation until 1905. In 1906, Garland had about 50 inhabitants.
# Rahul Singh (paramedic)

Rahul Singh, OOnt (born October 1970 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian paramedic and founder and Executive Director of GlobalMedic, a humanitarian relief organization that provides disaster relief in areas affected by natural disasters or complex emergencies. Since founding GlobalMedic in 1998, Singh has led 30 international missions with the organization.

## Honours

Singh’s work around the world has been widely recognized. For his work with GlobalMedic, Singh was named to the 2010 Time 100 list of "The World's Most Influential People". He was a recipient of “Canada’s Top 40 Under 40 Award” in 2009. The Globe and Mail included him on the list of “Canadians changing the world”, and he was chosen by the Toronto Star as one of 12 “Canadians changing the way we think.”
In 2006, Prime Minister Stephen Harper presented him with the ICCC’s “Humanitarian of the Year Award.”
In 2012, he was made a member of the Order of Ontario.
# Alice Winchester

Alice Winchester (December 9, 1907 – December 9, 1996) was an American magazine editor and art historian.

## Biography

Born in Chicago, Winchester was the daughter of a Congregationalist clergyman. She grew up in Concord, Massachusetts, and received her bachelor's degree from Smith College. Upon graduation she worked briefly at Chase National Bank in New York City before joining the staff of Antiques, where in 1930 she became secretary to Homer Eaton Keyes. He died in October 1938; the following March Winchester was named his successor as editor.
Winchester became an influential voice in the world of antique collecting, publishing scholarship by such historians and curators as Joseph Downs, Charles F. Montgomery, Marshall B. Davison, Irving W. Lyon, and Helen Comstock. In the field of folk art, she published work by Mabel M. Swan, Esther Stevens Brazer, E. Alfred Jones, Carl W. Dreppard, Jean Lipman, and Nina Fletcher Little, among others. She devoted entire issues of the magazine to the Winterthur Museum, Colonial Williamsburg, the Shelburne Museum, Greenfield Village, the Henry Ford Museum, Historic Deerfield, and the Shaker museums at Hancock, Massachusetts and Pleasant Hill, Kentucky. Antiques also profiled notable collectors and their homes in the "Living With Antiques" feature. Upon her retirement in 1972, Winchester continued to publish on the subject of American folk art, writing about Jonathan Fisher and publishing two books with Jean Lipman. She also worked at the Whitney Museum of American Art from 1972 until 1974.

## Awards and honors

During her career she received the Smith College Medal in 1968 and the Henry Francis du Pont Award for the Decorative Arts from the Winterthur Museum in 1990.

## Legacy

An oral history interview with Winchester, conducted between 1993 and 1995, is held by the Archives of American Art at the Smithsonian Institution. The archives also own a collection of her papers, donated in 1993.
# Amphelictus rugiscapus

Amphelictus rugiscapus is a species in the longhorn beetle family Cerambycidae. It is found in Colombia.
# Police Medal for Meritorious Service (Rhodesia)

The Police Medal for Meritorious Service was a medal in the Republic of Rhodesia awarded to police officers for Meritorious Service.

## History

The Police Medal for Meritorious Service was a Republic of Rhodesia medal awarded to personnel of the British South Africa Police (national police service of Rhodesia) for Meritorious Service. Since 1980, when Rhodesia became Zimbabwe, the medals an honour of Rhodesia were released by the Orders, decorations, and medals of Zimbabwe.
The post-nominal of the Police Medal for Meritorious Service is PMM.

## Description

From left to right, the ribbon is green, yellow, blue, yellow green. There are three main sections, consisting of green and blue with small sections of yellow between the main sections.
# Duas Estradas

Duas Estradas is a municipality in the state of Paraíba in the Northeast Region of Brazil.
# Play (Peter Gabriel video)

Play: The Videos is a compilation DVD of music videos by Peter Gabriel, released in 2004. The DVD contains remastered audio tracks of songs in DTS 5.1 (DTS 96 kHz/24-bit) and Dolby Digital 5.1 Surround Sound. The new surround sound mixes were created by Daniel Lanois and Richard Chappell.

## Track listing

* "Father, Son"
* "Sledgehammer"
* "Blood of Eden"
* "Games Without Frontiers"
* "I Don't Remember"
* "Big Time"
* "Lovetown"
* "Red Rain"
* "In Your Eyes"
* "Don't Give Up"
* "The Barry Williams Show"
* "Washing of the Water"
* "Biko"
* "Kiss That Frog"
* "Mercy Street"
* "Growing Up"
* "Shaking the Tree"
* "Shock the Monkey"
* "Steam"
* "The Drop"
* "Zaar"
* "Solsbury Hill"
* "Digging in the Dirt"

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 7,500$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# G28

G28 may refer to:
* BMW i3 (G28), an electric vehicle
* Brazilian landing ship Garcia D'Avila (G28)
* Brazilian landing ship Mattoso Maia (G28)
* Gribovsky G-28, a Soviet aircraft
* Heckler & Koch G28, a German battle rifle
* G28 - Auto Home, a G-code from Marlin used for homing a 3D printer
# G29

G29 may refer to:
* BMW Z4 (G29), a two-door roadster
* Glock 29, a pistol
* Haenel RS9, a German sniper rifle
* Logitech G29, a racing wheel
* HMS Offa (G29), an O-class destroyer of the Royal Navy
# Andreas Menger

Andreas Menger (born 11 September 1972) is a German former professional footballer who is goalkeeping coach of Hertha BSC.
Menger was born in West Berlin. A goalkeeper, played in German professional football between 1997 until 2005. But merely in his first season at the Cologne side he assured a regular spot. After the Billy Goats relegated, he had only eight appearances. In winter of the 1998–99 season, he was transferred to MSV Duisburg. While playing twelve times with the Zebras, he never played in one game when he was under contract for Frankfurt. Nevertheless, the executives were convinced of his abilities and from 2005 to 2011 he was the goalkeeping coach of the eagles, after splitting his duties between being a stand-by goalkeeper and coaching the keepers.
In July 2011, Menger became new goalkeeping coach of VfB Stuttgart. On 8 January 2013, Menger extended his contract with VfB Stuttgart until June 2016. Since January 2018, Menger has been the goalkeeping coach of 1. FC Köln.
# Dorian (restaurant)

Dorian is a Michelin-starred restaurant in London, United Kingdom. It serves modern British cuisine.
# Rahul Singh (field hockey)

Rahul Singh (born 5 January 1975) is an Indian field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Electricity Supply Industry Reform Unit

The Electricity Supply Industry Reform Unit was established by the Victorian Government in 1994 within the Office of State Owned Enterprises in the Department of Treasury and Finance to advise the Government of Victoria (Australia) on the reform of Victoria's electricity industry.
It was established under the supervision of Treasurer Alan Stockdale, who wished to take the privitatisation efforts from the management of bureaucrats to external experts. The unit was led by British telecommunications engineer Peter Throughton.
# Andreas Messing

Andreas Messing (born 28 January 1987) is a former motorcycle speedway rider from Sweden.

## Speedway career

In 2002 he debuted with Rospiggarna in Elitserien in 2002, at the time the youngest ever. He also rode for Vargarna and Getingarna. He got his breakthrough in 2005, aged 18, when he placed ninth in the Swedish Championships.
He rode in the top tier of British Speedway riding for the Coventry Bees during the 2008 Elite League speedway season. He began his British career riding for Arena Essex Hammers in 2006.
# Arruza

Arruza usually refers to Carlos Arruza, a famous bullfighter.
Arruza may also refer to:
* Arruza (film), a 1972 documentary film about Carlos Arruza
* Pedro Arruza, head football coach of the Randolph–Macon Yellow Jackets
# Andreas Merkle

Andreas Merkle (born 17 April 1962) is a retired West German football striker.
# GB3

GB3 may refer to:
* GB3 Championship, an open wheel motor racing series
* Globotriaosylceramide - It is also known as CD77, Gb3, and ceramide trihexoside
* Greater Brisbane League - formerly Greater Brisbane Base Ball Board, an Australian baseball league
* Ghostbusters: Afterlife (also known as Ghostbusters 3, and internationally as Ghostbusters: Legacy, Ghostbusters: From Beyond, and Ghostbusters: Rise), a sequel to the original Ghostbusters film.
* GB3, a solo music project by Australian performer Glenn Bennie
# Pump (skateboarding)

Pumping is a skateboarding technique used to accelerate without the rider's feet leaving the board. Pumping can be done by turning or on a transition, like a ramp or quarter pipe. When applied to longboards, it is also known as Long distance skateboard pumping or LDP. Pumping is a technique similar to pumping a surfboard.

## Transition

Transition pumping can only be done when there is a slope differential between the front and rear wheels. On a ramp it therefore is only possible at the top and bottom of the slope, but in a pipe it is possible at any height above the flat. The rider should push downward on the truck with the greatest slope under the wheels. On the top of a ramp the front wheels should be pushed, and at the bottom the rear trucks should be pushed. On a pipe the weight should be applied to the rear truck throughout the entire transition.

## Slalom

Flatland pumping is essentially carving with the proper amount of weight application in order to gain momentum. It involves shifting weight in sync with the board's movements in order to gain momentum, like pivoting, but with all four wheels on the ground. By proper timing, the proper foot position, and the proper set up, impressive results can be achieved.

## Long Distance Pumping

Long Distance Pumping (LDP), is the name given to Skateboard pumping for any sustained distance (Slalom by contrast is through cones and usually a short distance, maybe 100 cones 6-12ft separation).
LDP riders have been breaking world distance records for 24-hour skating, using a combination of pushing and pumping. Recent records include James Peters' 208 mile ride in May 2008, Barefoot Ted McDonald's 242 mile ride on June 14, 2008 during the Ultraskate IV held in Seattle, Washington, and Andy Andras' 309 mile ride in 2016 at the Ultraskate on the Miami speedway. The current 24-hour record is held by Rick Pronk with 313 miles at the 2017 Dutch Ultraskate. The women's world record is held by Saskia Tromp with 262 miles, also at the 2017 Dutch Ultraskate
# Pterolophia ochreoscutellaris

Pterolophia ochreoscutellaris is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Báguena and Stephan von Breuning in 1958.