OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Deutscher Gehörlosen-Sportverband

Deutscher Gehörlosen Sportverband (DGS) is the German umbrella organization for sport of deaf and people with hearing impairments. The DGS is a registered organization seated in Essen.

## History

In the mid-19th century, a group of gymnasts, bowlers and chess players met to form teams. With the establishment of the "Taubstummen Turnvereinigung Berlin" (Berlin Deaf Gymnastics Association) on 18 October 1888, the foundation was laid for the organization of deaf athletes. The group added women's and children's divisions in 1896.
A key figure in the development of the Taubstummen Turnvereinigung was Albert Gutzmann, the first director of a school for the deaf-mute in Germany.
Other teams followed the lead of the Taubstummen, and established associations throughout Germany.
Throughout the early 20th century (interrupted only by the outbreak of World War I which brought much of Germany's amateur athletic pursuits to a standstill), the various deaf athletic associations grew and merged, resulting in the culmination: the formation of the DGS in Hanover in 1946.

## Goals

* Development, maintenance and further development of the deaf sports and especially of youth sports
* To represent the deaf sports at home and abroad, whether to individuals, clubs, associations or governments and all related matters to the common benefit of all members shall be based on sporting spirit
* Make sure that the deaf sports will be held within the Federal Republic of Germany in accordance with national and international regulations
* Training of trainers and coaches, and the promotion of sports courses and the introduction of measures of general education and youth sport nursing kind
* Competitions in the respective sports in DGS operated German deaf champion to be determined in national cup competitions the winner to set up the necessary arrangements for this purpose as part of his orders to carry out further international matches and the necessary preparation for their games and training sessions

## Past presidents

| 1910–1914: | Hermann Hauboldt |
| 1914–1924: | Hermann Zech |
| 1924–1933: | Hermann Hauboldt |
| 1946–1974: | Heinrich Siepmann |
| 1974–1991: | Friedrich Waldow |
| 1991–2003: | Hubert Wilhelm |
| 2003–2013: | Karl-Werner Broska |

## Honorary members

* Theo Krumscheid (†)
* Harry Förster (†)
* Käthi George

## Sponsors, partners and supporters
### Sponsors

* Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany)
* German sports aid foundation

### Partners
#### General partners

* Volkswagen Group
* powerone
* Verband der Deutschen Automatenindustrie (VDAI, Federation of German vending industry)
* Mundipharma GmbH

#### Media partners

* German deaf newspaper
* Life in sight
* German cochlear implant Society
* Schnecke-online.de

### Supporter

* Reha Com Tech
* SnowTrex
# Physa skinneri

Physa skinneri, common name the glass physa, is a species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Physidae.

## Description

The shell of Physa skinneri is thin, narrowly ovoid, to ovoid-fusiform, with an obtusely rounded apex. The spire is blunt with up to four weakly convex whorls separated by a shallow, broadly elongated suture. Maximum shell length is about 8.8 mm (5.2 mm wide). The aperture is about 60% of the overall shell length, elongate-oval, rounded anteriorly, acute posteriorly, widest about a third of the length from the anterior end. Outer lip thin, sharp, sometimes with a white band of callus thickening within, convex in the direction of growth.

## Distribution

This species occurs in:
* Canada and the northern United States. Museum specimens(Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia; Invertebase Portal Collection) are known from Alaska, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Iowa, Michigan, North and South Dakota, Montana, Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada. The holotype specimen (University of Michigan Museum of Zoology #181292) was a fossil from Beaver Co., Oklahoma (Taylor 1954). The species may be Holarctic in distribution based on shells found in Ukraine (Degtyarenko, E. and V. Anistratenko 2011).
* Montana USA
* Utah, USA
# Public Health Service Special Assignment Award

The Public Health Service Special Assignment Award is a decoration of the United States Public Health Service presented to members of the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. It recognizes service while assigned to special initiatives and activities that lie outside an officer's normal assigned duties.

## Criteria

The PHS Special Assignment Award is awarded to officers who are detailed via official personnel orders for a minimum of 30 days, either consecutive or non-consecutive, to a special program initiative of a United States Government agency, a government agency of a U.S. state, or other organizations. The Surgeon General of the United States validates special initiatives and activities, as well as required timeframes for participation, that qualify an officer for the award.
Generally, an assignment effected via an official mechanism such as a memorandum qualifies for the award. Assignments to special initiatives or activities of the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Assistant Secretary for Health, or the Surgeon General, as well as assignments related to the role of the department's Chief Professional Officer, qualify. Assignments to organizations or entities the Surgeon General charters also qualify, although membership in a subcommittee or subgroup of those organizations or entities does not qualify.
For an officer to qualify for the award, the assignment cannot be a routine function of his or her position and cannot specifically be included in his or her position description. Assignments between components of the United States Department of Health and Human Services or to organizations with which the USPHS Commissioned Corps has a "blanket" detail agreement also do not qualify an officer for the award.
If an assignment consists of 30 or more non-consecutive days, the non-consecutive assignment must be in the same organizational entity, and must be a part of an ongoing activity with a clearly defined objective, to qualify for the award.
# Quentin Bataillon

Quentin Bataillon (born 9 September 1993) is a French politician from La République En Marche! and a member of the National Assembly for Loire's 1st constituency.
# Phuzushukela

Phuzushukela (John Bhengu) was one of the first maskanda musicians, and has been described as a pioneer of the genre and the first rural artist in South Africa to achieve prominence.
He influenced later artists such as Johnny Clegg, Busi Mhlongo and Phuzekhemisi among others.

## Discography

* Sizwile Nsizwa (1975)
* Asambeni Siye Kwelakithi (1977)
* Sehlule Umkhomazi (1982)
# Phil Bates (disambiguation)

Phil Bates (born 1953) is an English musician
Phil Bates may also refer to:
* Phil Bates (footballer) (1897–1974), English footballer
* Phil Bates (gridiron football) (born 1989), American football wide receiver
* Phil Bates (jazz musician) (born 1931), English jazz double bassist
# Peace Point Entertainment Group

Peace Point Entertainment Group was a Canadian Toronto-based independent television production company,
with a long list of popular television series seen in Canada, United States and with extensive worldwide distribution. It acquired DIDtv, relaunching it as Peace Point Entertainment USA as part of the deal. In December 2012, Shavick Entertainment purchased Pink Triangle Press's 24.94% interest and Peace Point Entertainment Group's 15% interest in OUTtv. Peace Point Entertainment was founded in 2002 by Les Tomlin (CEO) and business partner Vallery Hyduk (Vice President). After over 15 years as a leading Canadian media company, Peace Point is no longer operating and its vast catelogue of show were sold to Boatrocker Entertainment and their television series continue to air globally. CEO Les Tomlin is pursuing other business interests and Vallery Hyduk relocated to Detroit, Michigan to pursue real estate opportunities.

## Past productions

* Best Sellers
* Barn stormers
* Bulloch Family Ranch
* Bump!
* Camp N Out
* Chimp Mommy
* Colin & Justin's Cabin Pressure
* Colin & Justin's Street Swap
* DecAIDS
* Devil's Perch
* Ed's Up!
* Escape or Die
* FANatical
* Food Jammers
* Food Truck Face Off
* Fresh with Anna Olson
* Hammer & Chew
* Invention Nation
* Keasha's Perfect Dress
* The Outhouse
* Real Fight Club
* Reality Obsessed
* Shack Attack
* Harry Hill’s TV Burp
* Hilda
* Tanlines
* Urban Nites
* When English Football Ruled Europe 2008
* Trial and Retribution X
* Bake with Anna Olson
* The Bill
* Not Going Out
* You’ve Been Framed
* Hollyoaks
* The X Factor
* Sell Me Your Style
* Crossroads
* Goodbye Mr.Chips
* Bad Girls
* Taggart
* Spitting Image
* The Durrells
* Inspired with The Durrell Family
# Aplexa

Aplexa is a genus of small, left-handed or sinistral, air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Physidae.

## Shell description

These small snails are quite distinctive, because they have shells that are sinistral, which means that if you hold the shell such that the spire is pointing up, then the aperture is on the left-hand side.
The shells of Aplexa species have a long and large aperture, a relatively high and pointed spire, and no operculum. The shells are thin and corneous and rather transparent.

## Species

Species in the genus Aplexa include:
* Aplexa atava White, 1877
* Aplexa brevispirata (Cossmann, 1913)
* Aplexa disjuncta (White, 1879)
* Aplexa elongata (Say, 1821) - the lance aplexa
* Aplexa gigantea (Michaud, 1837)
* Aplexa grasseti (Matheron, 1878)
* Aplexa heberti (Deshayes, 1863)
* Aplexa hypnorum (Linnaeus, 1758) - the moss bladder snail
* Aplexa jaimei (Hermite, 1879)
* Aplexa kasekikabe (Isaji, 2010)
* Aplexa macerata (Russell, 1937)
* Aplexa militaria (Yen & Reeside, 1946)
* Aplexa morrisonana (Yen & Reeside, 1946)
* Aplexa praelonga (Matheron ex Heer, 1861)
* Aplexa primigenia (Deshayes, 1863)
* Aplexa prisca (Noulet, 1854)
* Aplexa pseudogigantea (F. Sandberger, 1870)
* Aplexa pulchella (A. d'Orbigny, 1850)
* †Aplexa ricei (Russell, 1957)
* Aplexa rivalis (Maton & Rackett, 1807)
* Aplexa subelongata (Meek & Hayden, 1856)
* Aplexa subhypnorum (Gottschick, 1920)
# 1987 New Zealand rugby union tour of Japan

The 1987 New Zealand rugby union tour of Japan was a series of five matches played by the New Zealand national rugby union team (the All Blacks) in Japan in October and November 1987. The All Blacks won all five matches; two of them were test matches against the Japan national rugby union team.

## Results

Scores and results list All Black's points tally first.
| Opponent | For | Against | Date | Venue | Status |
| Japan B | 94 | 0 | 21 October 1987 | Olympic Stadium, Tokyo | Tour match |
| Japan | 74 | 0 | 25 October 1987 | Hanazono, Osaka | Test match |
| Asian Barbarians | 96 | 3 | 28 October 1987 | Nishikyogoku, Kyoto | Tour match |
| Japan | 106 | 4 | 1 November 1987 | Olympic Stadium, Tokyo | Test match |
| J.R.U. Presidents XV | 38 | 9 | 4 November 1987 | Olympic Stadium, Tokyo | Tour match |
# Amalananda Ghosh

Amalananda Ghosh (3 March 1910 – 1981) was an Indian archaeologist, author and editor of numerous works on India's ancient civilizations, and the organizer and director of archaeological expeditions during the mid-1900s.

## Education

Ghosh was born on 3 March 1910 in Varanasi, India. He was educated in Varanasi and Allahabad and later received advanced training at the Institute of Archaeology at the University of London.

## Career

Ghosh joined the Archaeological Survey of India in 1937 and eventually rose to become its Director-General. He served in that position from 1953 to 1968.
During his period with the Survey, Ghosh led or participated in a number of excavations, including investigations at Pachmarhi, Bikaner, Brahmagiri, Maski, Taxila, Arikamedu, and Harappa. In 1950, Ghosh organized and began a systematic exploration of the Bikaner site, along the dried-up bed of the ancient Saraswati River. Within a few months, his work uncovered more than 100 sites, 25 of which yielded similar antiquities to those found at Harappa and Mohenjodaro.
During his tenure as Director General, the landmark Centenary of the Archaeological Survey of India was held in 1961.
Following his term with the Survey, Ghosh acted as a UNESCO consultant on archaeology to the Governments of Qatar (1968), Bahrain (1968), Saudi Arabia (1968–69) and Yemen (1970). He was a Fellow of the Indian Institute of Advanced Study from 1968 to 1971.
Ghosh authored and edited a number of books and publications over the span of his career, including The Encyclopedia of Indian Archaeology, a comprehensive reference book on archaeological work conducted over the years in India. Other works include A Survey of the Recent Progress in Early Indian Archaeology, The City in Early Historical India, (13) and A Guide to Nālandā.

## Personal

With his wife Sudha Ghosh, Amalananda had two children, Suparna Ghosh and Asim Ghosh. His affiliations included serving as Vice-President of the Royal India, Pakistan and Ceylon Society, London; Honorary Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, London, and Honorary Fellow of the Deutsches Archaeologisches Institut, Berlin. He received the Padma Shri honor in 1962.
# Feast of the Blood Monsters

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
Feast of the Blood Monsters is the debut studio album by Dance Club Massacre, originally recorded in 2006. It was reissued in 2007.

## Release and information

The band originally self-produced Feast of the Blood Monsters and released it onto Interpunk on June 6, 2006 but only limited to 1,100 copies. The album reached on Interpunk's list of top 50 best sold items selling all of its copies and they subsequently signed to Black Market Activities who then reissued and remastered the album and released it with new artwork on July 10, 2007.
The album features many popular culture references throughout such as how track 10 is a quote from the film Home Alone, the female screaming audio clip in "Murders Come with Smiles" is from the film The Blair Witch Project and the end of the album features an audio sample from Mortal Kombat II.

## Track listing

* "Dios Mio! el Diablo es Muy Picante" – 2:05
* "Meet Me in the Pub for a Shot of Dignity" – 0:51
* "Devon Butler's Dying Wishes" – 1:07
* "You Know... You Kind of Look Cute in the Dark" – 4:46
* "Wet Between the Thighs" – 1:52
* "Murders Come with Smiles" – 5:04
* "The Duchess and the Cougar" – 2:14
* "Showdown in San Antonio" – 4:19
* "You'll Bring the Bitches, I'll Bring the Dynamite" – 1:22
* "You're What the French Call 'Les Incompetents'" – 4:37

## Personnel

* Nick Seger – vocals
* Mitch Hein – guitars
* Chris Mrozek – bass
* Jon Caruso – drums
* Matt Hynek – keyboards
# Elachista radiantella

Elachista radiantella is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found in the United States, where it has been recorded from the District of Columbia, Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky and Maine.
The wingspan is 5.5-6.4 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from June to July.
The larvae feed on Panicum species, including Panicum dichotomum and Panicum clandestinum. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Eduard Hoffmann-Krayer

Eduard Hoffmann-Krayer (1864–1936) was a Swiss folklorist, Germanist and medievalist, from 1900 professor for phonetics, Swiss dialectology and folklore at the University of Basle and founder of the Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Volkskunde in 1896. His 1902 essay Die Volkskunde als Wissenschaft ("Folkloristics as Science") received international attention.
# Phuze

"Phuze" is a single by South African DJ and record producer known under the alias of Dlala Thukzin, it was released on 26 March 2021 through Ingrooves on behalf of Dlala Records and it features vocals from Zaba. In mid-2023 it was certified Gold by the Recording Industry of South Africa.
The single (and remix version) stirred a heated argument on Twitter when a house music record producer DJ Shimza labeled the song afrohouse when people couldn't figure out whether it is amapiano, gqom or afro tech. Dlala Thukzin never commented on the matter to clarify the genre of the song.

## Music video

On 21 October 2021 the visuals of "Phuze" were published by Dlala Thukzin via YouTube, and has accumulated over 4 million views as of September 2023.

## Remix

On 30 July 2021 Dlala Thukzin released the remix version of "Phuze" through Ingrooves and Dlala Records, it features guest appearances from Mpura, Zaba, Sir Trill and Rascoe Kaos. On 8 June 2023 it was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry of South Africa (RiSA).

## Charts

Chart performance for "Phuze" :
| Chart (2021) | Peak position |
| South Africa (TOSAC) | 14 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| South Africa (RISA) | Gold | 10,000$^‡$ |
| South Africa (RISA) Phuze Remix | Platinum | 20,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Phil Baugh

Phil Baugh (December 13, 1936 – November 4, 1990) was an American guitarist. He was known as one of the leading hot country guitarists whose "playing exuded joy and humor." He was active from the 1960s through the 1980s, performing as a highly sought-after session musician as well as a top recording artist in his own right.

## Biography

Phil Baugh was born in Olivehurst, California in 1936. Baugh signed a deal with Crest Records in 1962. With promotion from Longhorn Records in Dallas, Texas his song "Country Guitar" became a hit. He then recorded an album called Country Guitar II as a follow-up. He continued to work in Southern California, including joining Ray Price's band in 1969. In 1975 he moved to Nashville where he became a popular session guitarist. In the 1980s he was part of a country/jazz band called The Nashville Superpickers. The lineup included steel guitarist Buddy Emmons, drummer Buddy Harman, bassist Henry Strzelecki, pianist Willie Rainsford and harmonica player Terry McMillan. He suffered a coronary in 1985 and died five years later at the age of 53.
Baugh's "Country Guitar" and "One Man Band" were top 40 hits on Billboard's country chart during 1965.

## Guitars

Phil Baugh was one of the great country Fender Telecaster players along with James Burton and Don Rich. The entire album "Live Wire!" was recorded with his signature heavily customized Telecaster. But he also had other guitars, including a custom made doubleneck guitar from Mosrite and a Chet Atkins model Gretsch.

## Discography
### Albums

| Year | Album | US Country | Label |
| 1965 | Country Guitar | 4 | Longhorn |
| 1969 | California Guitar | — | Era |
| 1975 | Country Guitar II | — | Toro |
| 2005 | Live Wire! | — | Sundazed |

### Singles

| Year | Single | US Country | Album |
| 1965 | "Country Guitar" | 16 | Country Guitar |
| 1965 | "One Man Band" | 27 | Country Guitar |

## Awards

* "Best Guitarist" by the ACM 1965
* "Outstanding Instrumentalist of the Year" by Billboard 1965
* "Instrumentalist of the Year" by Cash Box 1965
* Nominated for a Grammy Award in 1979 for his performance with The Nashville Superpickers on The Austin City Limits
# Dolbadarn Castle (Turner)

Dolbadarn Castle is an oil painting by J. M. W. Turner (1775–1851) depicting Dolbadarn Castle, created in 1798–1799. It is part of a body of work completed by Turner during a tour of the region, which included Dolbadarn, Llanberis and other parts of Snowdonia. Many supporting studies can be found in a sketch book now held by Tate Britain (Record: TB XLVI). When Turner returned to his London studio he developed these sketches into a number of more accomplished paintings of North Wales, including this one, which is now kept at the National Library of Wales.
This painting is particularly notable as it is one of two that Turner submitted as Diploma works to the Royal Academy in 1800.

## Historical event

The painting is an artist's impression of a 13th-century event of some importance in Welsh history. It depicts Owain Goch, the brother of Prince Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (LLywelyn the Second), being taken by soldiers to prison at Dolbadarn Castle. Owain was imprisoned at the Castle between 1255 and 1277, when he was released. The imprisonment of Owain, dressed in red in the painting, left his brother Llywelyn free to concentrate on uniting Wales against the English.

## Travel through Wales

Turner first visited Wales in 1792, when he traveled through the south of the country. On his second visit in 1794, he visited Flintshire and Denbighshire. In 1798 he paid a much longer visit to Wales, travelling through Dyffryn Wysg, Ceredigion, Aberystwyth, Gwynedd and Llangollen.

## Details of the picture

The frame was especially commissioned for the painting from John Jones of London, in the 1940s. The picture was purchased by the Library with the help of the National Art Collection Fund and the National Lottery. The medium is oil on a wood panel and the visible area measures 45.5 x 30 cm., and the frame 62 x 50 cm. Turner also submitted this work with some lines of verse related to the painting's themes, a relatively common practice of his. The verse reads, "How awful is the silence of the waste,/ Where nature lifts her mountains to the sky,/ Majestic solitude, behold the tower/ Where hopeless OWEN, long imprison'd, pined/ And wrung his hands for liberty in vain."
Turner's use of contrast between light and dark creates a sense of peril and categorizes the painting as an example of the Sublime.
# 1997 Rexona Cup

The 1997 Rexona Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Am Rothenbaum in Hamburg in Germany that was part of Tier II of the 1997 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 28 April through 4 May 1997. Iva Majoli won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Iva Majoli defeated Ruxandra Dragomir 6–3, 6–2
* It was Majoli's 2nd title of the year and the 6th of her career.

### Doubles

Anke Huber / Mary Pierce defeated Ruxandra Dragomir / Iva Majoli 2–6, 7–6, 6–2
* It was Huber's only title of the year and the 11th of her career. It was Pierce's 1st title of the year and the 10th of her career.
# Quadratic bottleneck assignment problem

In mathematics, the quadratic bottleneck assignment problem (QBAP) is one of the fundamental combinatorial optimization problems in the branch of optimization or operations research, from the category of the facilities location problems.
It is related to the quadratic assignment problem in the same way as the linear bottleneck assignment problem is related to the linear assignment problem, the "sum" is replaced with "max" in the objective function.
The problem models the following real-life problem:
    There are a set of n facilities and a set of n locations. For each pair of locations, a distance is specified and for each pair of facilities a weight or flow is specified (e.g., the amount of supplies transported between the two facilities). The problem is to assign all facilities to different locations with the goal of minimizing the maximum of the distances multiplied by the corresponding flows.

## Computational complexity

The problem is NP-hard, as it can be used to formulate the Hamiltonian cycle problem by using flows in the pattern of a cycle and distances that are short for graph edges and long for non-edges.

## Special cases

* Bottleneck traveling salesman problem
* Graph bandwidth problem