OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cycling at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's road time trial B

The men's individual road time trial B competition of the cycling events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 19 on the Streets of Isla de Maipo, Chile.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| November 19, 2023 | 08:00 | Final |

## Results

The results were as follows:
| Rank | Rider | Nation | Time |
| | Maximiliano Gómez Guide: Sebastián Tolosa | Argentina | 28:27.53 |
| | Nelson Serna Guide: Marvin Angarita | Colombia | 28:46.36 |
| | Matías Mansilla Guide: Marcelo Mansilla | Chile | 30:57.85 |
| 4 | Raúl Villalba Guide: Ezequiel Romero | Argentina | 31:06.59 |
| 5 | José Luis Martínez Guide: Felix Martínez | Panama | 33:35.62 |
| | Sheldon Francois Guide: Felix Johnson | Grenada | DNS |
# 1809 in science

The year 1809 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

## Astronomy

* Carl Friedrich Gauss publishes Theoria motus corporum coelestium in sectionibus conicis solem ambientum in Hamburg, introducing the Gaussian gravitational constant and containing an influential treatment of the least squares method.
* S. D. Poisson publishes Sur les inégalités séculaires des moyens mouvements des planètes and Sur la variation des constantes arbitraires dans les questions de mécanique in the Journal of the École Polytechnique, extending Lagrange's theory of planetary orbits.

## Biology

* Jean-Baptiste Lamarck publishes Philosophie Zoologique, outlining his theory of evolution.
* Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link first describes Penicillium.

## Geology

* William Maclure publishes the first geological map of the United States with accompanying memoir.

## Mathematics

* Louis Poinsot describes the two remaining Kepler-Poinsot polyhedra.

## Medicine

* December 25 – American physician Ephraim McDowell performs the world's first ovariotomy, the removal of an ovarian tumor.
* Philippe Pinel publishes accounts of what would later be regarded as schizophrenia.

## Technology

* February 11 – Robert Fulton patents the steamboat in the United States.
* May 5 – Mary Kies becomes one of the first women granted a U.S. patent, for a technique of weaving straw hats with silk and thread.
* Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring invents a water voltameter electrical telegraph.
* William Hyde Wollaston invents the reflecting goniometer.

## Awards

* Copley Medal: Edward Troughton

## Births

* January 4 – Louis Braille (died 1852), French inventor.
* January 6 – Marie Durocher (died 1893), Brazilian physician.
* February 12 – Charles Darwin (died 1882), English naturalist.
* February 15 – Cyrus McCormick (died 1884), American inventor.
* February 21 – Carl Ernst Bock (died 1874), German physician and anatomist.
* April 7 – James Glaisher (died 1903), English meteorologist and balloonist.
* April 15 – Hermann Grassmann (died 1877), German mathematician.
* April 20 – James David Forbes (died 1868), Scottish physicist, glaciologist and seismologist.
* August 29 – Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. (died 1894), American physician and writer.
* November 22 – Bénédict Morel (died 1873), French psychiatrist.
* Date unknown – William Lobb (died 1864), English plant collector.

## Deaths

* May 17 – Leopold Auenbrugger (born 1722), Austrian physician.
* August 18 – Matthew Boulton (born 1728), English mechanical engineer.
* October 11 – Meriwether Lewis (born 1774), American explorer.
* December 16 – Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy (born 1755), French chemist.
* December 29 – Thomas Barker (born 1722), English meteorologist.
# César Augusto Guzzetti

César Augusto Guzzetti (6 September 1925 – 1988) was an officer in the Argentine Navy who rose the rank of vice admiral. After the 1976 coup d'état that overthrew the government of Isabel Perón, Guzzetti became the first foreign minister of the military government presided by Lieutenant General Jorge Rafael Videla.
Guzzetti was appointed as foreign minister on 30 March 1976. In October of that year he met with Henry Kissinger, the United States Secretary of State, who expressed support for the new military government of Argentina and its efforts to root out leftist insurgents ("Dirty War"). On 7 May 1977, operatives of the leftist guerrilla group Montoneros ambushed Guzzetti in a hospital waiting room in Buenos Aires, shot him in the head, and left him for dead. Guzzetti received extensive medical treatment and survived, but he was left mute and quadriplegic. On 27 May he was replaced as foreign minister by another vice admiral, Óscar Antonio Montes [es].
# Eldama Ravine

Eldama Ravine (sometimes known by the short form E/Ravine) is a town in Baringo County, Kenya, a few miles north of the equator, geographical coordinates 0° 30' 0" North, 35° 43' 0" East. It was established as an administrative point by British colonialists and later served as a transit route for lumber harvested from surrounding forests.
It was previously the headquarters of the former Koibatek District and Eldama Ravine Constituency.
It has a population of 45,799 (2009 census). It is largely an agricultural trade point producing world popular commercial rose flowers. It is fairly cosmopolitan, having residents from more than half of Kenya's ethnic tribes.

## Naming

Eldama Ravine was first known as Shimoni due to the presence of a narrow ravine through which the Eldama Ravine River flows. Eldama, the non-English part of the name, is derived from the Maasai word ‘eldama’, which means the place of sunshine. It had two areas known as Lembus lowland or Soi (Mogotio constituency) and Lembus highland or Mosop (Eldama Ravine constituency).
The British East African Company (IBEACO) established the town in 1887 as a victualing center for caravans moving from the coast to Mumias. Later during the British colonial period, it served as the headquarters of the Baringo District and Naivasha province, then under the Uganda Protectorate.
# Eldama Ravine Constituency

Eldama Ravine Constituency box number 336-20103 is an electoral constituency in Baringo County, Kenya. It is one of six constituencies in the county and was one of two constituencies of the former Koibatek District. The constituency was established for the 1997 elections.

## Wards

Wards :
| Ward | Registered Voters | Local authority |
| Lembus | 10,801 | Eldama Ravine sub-county |
| Lembus Kwen | 9,139 | Eldama Ravine sub-county |
| Ravine | 9,599 | Eldama Ravine town Sub-County |
| Maji mazuri/Mumberes | 9,412 | Eldama Ravine Sub-County |
| Lembus Perkerra | 9,246 | Eldama Ravine Sub-County |
| Koibatek | 6,545 | Eldama Ravine Sub-County |
| Total | 54,742 |
| *September 2017. ||

## Members of Parliament

| Elections | MP | Party |
| 1997 | Musa Cherutich Sirma | KANU |
| 2002 | Musa Cherutich Sirma | KANU |
| 2007 | Moses Lessonet | ODM |
| 2013 | Moses Lessonet | URP |
| 2017 | Moses Lessonet | JP |
| 2022 | Musa Cherutich Sirma | UDA |
# 1824 in Chile

The following lists events that happened during 1824 in Chile.

## Incumbents

Supreme Director of Chile: Ramón Freire

## Events
### April

* 1 April - Battle of Mocopulli

## Births

* date unknown - Francisco Bascuñán Guerrero (d. 1873)

## Deaths

* date unknown - Juan Crisóstomo Lafinur
# 1824 in Australia

"none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
The following lists events that happened during 1824 in Australia.

## Incumbents

* Monarch - George IV

### Governors

Governors of the Australian colonies:
* Governor of New South Wales- Major-General Sir Thomas Brisbane
* Lieutenant-Governor of Tasmania – Colonel George Arthur

## Events

* 5 March – The first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Francis Forbes arrives in Sydney.
* 7 May – The Supreme Court of Tasmania, the first of all the State Supreme Courts, is established by Letters Patent.
* 17 May – The Supreme Court of New South Wales is created by Letters Patent.
* 25 August – The Legislative Council of New South Wales sits for the first time.
* 21 October – Joshua John Moore is the first person to take out a ticket-of-occupation for the land which later became the site of Canberra
* Name change from ' New Holland ' to ' Australia ', recommended by Matthew Flinders in 1804, receives official sanction by the United Kingdom.

## Exploration and settlement

* 12 September – Lieutenant Henry Miller is formally appointed to establish a penal colony at Moreton Bay resulting in the founding of Brisbane on the Brisbane River (Miller had arrived in Moreton Bay a couple of months prior to the formal appointment)
* 20 September – Gordon Bremer arrives in Port Essington, in the Northern Territory, but rejects the recommended site as a settlement due to its lack of fresh water. Bremer claims the north coast of Australia from 129° to 135° longitude as British territory. On 21 October Bremer's party establishes a settlement at Fort Dundas on Melville Island.
* 28 September – John Oxley recommends a new settlement be founded at Brisbane after finding Moreton Bay unsuitable.
* 16 December – Explorers Hamilton Hume and William Hovell arrive in the area Aboriginal people call Corayo on a bay called Jillong.

## Arts and literature

* 14 October – W. C. Wentworth and Robert Wardell begin publication of The Australian, the first independent newspaper in Australia.

## Births

* 23 March – John Norton Oxley, New South Wales politician (d. 1891)
* 2 May – William Randell, South Australian politician and pioneer (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1911)

## Deaths

* 19 July – Alexander Pearce, convict and criminal (born in Ireland) (b. 1790)
# Ourapteryx pallidula

Ourapteryx pallidula is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Hiroshi Inoue in 1985. It is found in Taiwan.
# El Peral

El Peral is a municipality located in the province of Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 730 inhabitants.
# El Perchel (Málaga Metro)

El Perchel is an underground station serving Lines 1 and 2 of the Málaga Metro. The station opened on 30 July 2014, and until 2023 was the city centre terminus for both lines.

## Services

At the metro's 2014 opening, El Perchel was a terminus station, and the only station serving both lines of the metro. Line 1 reaches Andalucia Tech, while Line 2 ends at Palacio de Deportes José María Martín Carpena. Entrances to El Perchel are located outside Málaga María Zambrano railway station, where AVE high-speed rail services, regional trains and local Cercanías trains to Fuengirola and Álora can be accessed.
In 2023, El Perchel became a through-station when the extension further into the city centre opened, serving two underground stops at Guadalmedina and Atarazanas.
# 1861 in Brazil

Events in the year 1861 in Brazil.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Pedro II
* Prime Minister:
** Baron of Uruguaiana (until 2 March)
** Marquis of Caxias (starting 2 March)

## Events

* June 7/8 - Shipwreck of the "Prince of Wales" in Rio Grande do Sul.

## Births

* 21 January - Roberto Landell de Moura
# DDX23

Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX23 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX23 gene.
This gene encodes a member of the DEAD box protein family. DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure, such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the U5 snRNP complex; it may facilitate conformational changes in the spliceosome during nuclear pre-mRNA splicing. An alternatively spliced transcript variant has been found for this gene, but its biological validity has not been determined.
# Adam Rundqvist

Adam Rundkvist (born July 14, 1990) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player. He played with Färjestads BK in the Elitserien during the 2010–11 Elitserien season.

## Career statistics

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2009-10 | Leksands IF | HockeyAllsvenskan | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2010-11 | Borås HC | HockeyAllsvenskan | 52 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2011-12 | IF Sundsvall Hockey | HockeyAllsvenskan | 49 | 7 | 11 | 18 | 58 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| 2012-13 | Vimmerby HC | Hockeyettan | 41 | 9 | 25 | 34 | 38 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| 2013-14 | Vimmerby HC | HockeyEttan | 41 | 12 | 19 | 31 | 46 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2014-15 | Skövde IK | HockeyEttan | 36 | 13 | 17 | 30 | 22 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2015-16 | Skövde IK | HockeyEttan | 34 | 7 | 23 | 30 | 22 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 2016-17 | Skövde IK | HockeyEttan | 36 | 6 | 20 | 26 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2017-18 | HC La Chaux-de-Fonds | SL | 13 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2017-18 | Neuchâtel Hockey Academy | MSL | 31 | 16 | 14 | 30 | 26 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 2 |
| 2018-19 | HC Thurgau | SL | 44 | 9 | 19 | 28 | 16 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 2018-19 | HC Thurgau | Swiss Cup | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2019-20 | HC Thurgau | SL | 38 | 10 | 7 | 17 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2019-20 | HC Thurgau | Swiss Cup | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2020-21 | HC Thurgau | SL | 42 | 7 | 15 | 22 | 26 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 |
| 2020-21 | HC Thurgau | Swiss Cup | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2021-22 | HC Thurgau | SL | 49 | 3 | 20 | 23 | 20 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 6 |
| 2022-23 | HC Thurgau | SL | 45 | 4 | 17 | 21 | 22 | 11 | 0 | 9 | 9 | 0 |
| 2022-23 | HC Ajoie | NL Qualification | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 2023-24 | HC Ajoie | NL | 42 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - |
| HockeyAllsvenskan totals | HockeyAllsvenskan totals | HockeyAllsvenskan totals | 103 | 13 | 17 | 30 | 104 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| SL totals | SL totals | SL totals | 231 | 34 | 80 | 114 | 94 | 43 | 4 | 17 | 21 | 12 |
| NL totals | NL totals | NL totals | 42 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - |
# Adam Rudden

Adam Rudden is a Dublin-based Irish poet. His work has been published in poetry periodicals including Poetry Ireland Review, Cyphers, Electric Acorn, Jacobyte Poetry, Agenda and Horizons.
His collections of poetry have been published by Lapwing Publications, including Fallen Eyelashes (2004), Braille lips in the Dark (2007), Stopwatch (2009) and Solar Winds and Ions (2011). In March 2012, Solar Winds and Ions was made available as a free download on Poetry Ireland's website.
# D. D. Spani

Daniel D. Spani, known as D.D. Spani, was an American architect who practiced in Rock Springs, Wyoming. His work includes Rock Springs Elks' Lodge No. 624, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its unique-in-Wyoming architecture, and other architectural landmarks of the city.
D. D. Spani was the first professional architect in Rock Springs. He moved to Rock Springs from St. Louis in 1911, with 14 years experience. In the 1930s, Spani was still the only architect in Sweetwater County.
Daniel's father, Dominick Spani, was an immigrant from Switzerland who was a builder and contractor in Benton, Illinois. Daniel attended the University of Illinois but left in 1902 in his senior year. In 1903 Spani went to St. Louis in 1903 and worked under architect Theodore Link, and then at architects Eames and Young. He then worked as an inspector of millwork of post office buildings throughout Kentucky, Tennessee, and part of Indiana, for seven years.
His notable works include:
* Sts Cyril and Methodius Church (1912), Rock Springs, Wyoming
* Yellowstone Elementary School (1922–23), Rock Springs, Wyoming, "a beautiful example of vernacular Collegiate Gothic architecture"
* Rock Springs Elks' Lodge No. 624 (1924), Rock Springs, Wyoming
* St. Patrick's Church (Kemmerer, Wyoming) (1925 renovation)
* Park Hotel (1914–15), 19 Elk Street, Rock Springs, included in the Downtown Rock Springs Historic District
* Security State Bank Building, Rock Springs
* North Side State Bank (former), Rock Springs
* Rock Springs High School (former), Rock Springs
* Roosevelt School, Rock Springs
# Eileen Coparropa

Eileen Mary Coparropa Alemán (born March 31, 1981, in Panama City) is a freestyle swimmer from Panama who won a silver and a bronze medal in the women's 50-metre freestyle event at the Pan American Games. Nicknamed "La Sirena de Oro" (The Golden Mermaid), she represented her native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996.

## The Pan-American Games

In 1999, when she was 17 years old, Eileen participated in the 13th Pan-American Games celebrated in Winnipeg, Canada, in the 50-metre freestyle where she achieved a historic silver medal. It was the first silver medal in the history of the Panamanian swimming team in these games, and she registered her best personal mark up until that moment: 25.78 seconds. The gold medal was won by American Tammie Spats with a 25.50 second mark.
In 2003, the games were celebrated in Santo Domingo, in the Dominican Republic. Coparropa Alemán won the bronze medal in the 50-metre freestyle with a time of 25.62 seconds. She was beaten by American Kara Lynn Joyce, who won gold with a time of 25.24 seconds.

## Olympic Games
### Athens 2004

Coparropa competed in the 50-metre freestyle and qualified for the semifinals with a time of 25.57 seconds. Coming in equal 13th place, she did not qualify for the finals; however, her time of 25.37 seconds was a new Panamanian record. It was also the closest a Panamanian swimmer had ever come to winning an Olympic medal, either men's or women's.

## Personal life

Coparropa is the oldest of two daughters of Pedro Coparropa and Guadalupe Alemán de Coparropa. She began her swimming career at the age of 6.
In 2004, she graduated with honours with a bachelor's degree in business administration with a specialization in marketing from Auburn University in Auburn, Alabama. She also received a degree in logistics from the same university.
At the 1995 Pan American Games in Mar del Plata, she finished 5th in the 50-metre freestyle.
At the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Coparropa finished 32nd in the 50-metre freestyle.
At the 1999 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, she won a silver medal in the 50-metre freestyle. She also finished 9th in the 100-metre freestyle.
At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Coparropa finished 27th in the 50-metre freestyle and 32nd in the 100-metre freestyle.
At the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, she won a bronze medal in the 50-metre freestyle. She also finished 5th in the 100-metre freestyle.
At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Coparropa finished 14th in the 50-metre freestyle and 30th in the 100-metre freestyle.
# D. V. Hunter

Rear Admiral D. V. Hunter (born 1917) was a Sri Lankan naval officer, who served as the 7th Commander of the Sri Lankan Navy.

## Naval career
### Ceylon Naval Volunteer Force

Hunter enlisted in the newly formed Ceylon Naval Volunteer Force (CNVF) as a signalman/gunner in the first intake of sailor on 21 October 1938. He was promoted to petty officer in 1941 and was commissioned as a probationary sub lieutenant in 1942 and was promoted to lieutenant in 1944. The CNVF was transferred to the Royal Navy, with the outbreak of World War II in the far east. Hunter served in all ships of the CNVF and commanded the MFV 185 as it sallied to Akyab taking part in the Burma campaign from 1944 to 1945. Reverting to his substantive rank at demobilization after the war, he was seconded to the Fisheries Department in 1949.

### Royal Ceylon Navy

With the formation of the Royal Ceylon Navy in 1950, after the Navy Act was passed, Hunter transferred to a regular commission. In 1953, he attended several courses on Seaward Defense, Boom Defense and Salvage in the United Kingdom and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant commander. In 1960 he was promoted to the rank of commander and captain in 1965, undergoing training in pilot-age in Madras in 1963. In 1965, he was appointed commanding officer of the Volunteer Naval Force.

### Captain of the Navy

Hunter was promoted to the rank of commodore and was appointed Captain of the Navy on 2 July 1970 succeeding Rajan Kadiragamar. Hunters tenor as head of the navy saw major changes and challengers. In April 1971, the JVP insurrection started catching the Ceylonese armed forces off-guard and unprepared. Naval personnel were deployed for shore duty for the defense of key state infrastructure and for counter-insurgency operations in-land. In 1972, Ceylon became a republic and the Royal Ceylon Navy became the Sri Lanka Navy, with changes in its insignia and names, including the post of Captain of the Navy, which became the Commander of the Navy in line with the other armed services. Hunter retired from the navy on 31 March 1973 and was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. He was succeeded by Basil Gunasekara.

## Honors

Admiral Hunter had been awarded the 1939–1945 Star, the Burma Star, the Defense Medal and the War Medal 1939–1945 for war service with the Ceylon Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve and for service in the Royal Ceylon Navy he received the Ceylon Armed Services Long Service Medal and the Ceylon Armed Services Inauguration Medal.
# Outeiro

Outeiro may refer to the following places:

## Portugal

* Outeiro (Bragança), a civil parish in the municipality of Bragança
* Outeiro (Cabeceiras de Basto), a civil parish in the municipality of Cabeceiras de Basto
* Outeiro (Montalegre), a civil parish in the municipality of Montalegre
* Campelos e Outeiro da Cabeça, a civil parish in the municipality of Torres Vedras
* Outeiro (Viana do Castelo), a civil parish in the municipality of Viana do Castelo

## Spain

* Outeiro de Rei, a municipality in Galicia
# 1883 Massachusetts Aggies football team

The 1883 Massachusetts Aggies football team represented Massachusetts Agricultural College in the 1883 college football season. The team played its home games at Alumni Field in Amherst, Massachusetts. Massachusetts finished the season with a record of 1–1.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| November 7 | at Williston Academy | Easthampton, MA | L 0–14 |
| November 21 | at Amherst | Pratt FieldAmherst, MA | W 9–8 |
# DESA company

Iran Heavy Diesel Manufacturing Company (DESA), is an Iranian company which is a manufacturer of heavy diesel engines from 200 to 3500 kW for railway, marine and power generation purposes.

## History

The Iran Heavy Diesel Engine Mfg Co. (DESA) company was established in 1991 in Amol with the aim of developing industrial production of diesel engines; a factory of over 10,000m$^2$ was constructed on a 80ha site, with facilities for quality testing and research and design.
The company obtained licenses to manufacture Wärtsilä engines and Ruston RK 215 engines under license from MAN. Wärtsilä engine assembly began in 1996, RK 215 engine production began in 2000.
In 2009 the company unveiled Iran's first indigenous heavy diesel engine, the D87.

## Production
### Generators

The company produces diesel generators for permanent and emergency electricity supply. 104 units have been supplied to the Iran Telecommunications Company.

### Railway

The company is a supplier to both the Iranian Islamic Republic Railways and the Raja Passenger Train Company.
DESA has manufactured the Ruston RK 215 diesel engine for the AD43C mainline diesel locomotive, of which 70 units were manufactured by Wagon Pars.
The company is also assembling 16V 4000 MTU type diesel engines for a contract for 150 IranRunner locomotives for passenger trains to be manufactured by Siemens and the MLC (Mapna Locomotive Engineering and Manufacturing Company). The first 30 units will be supplied by Siemens, the remaining 120 will be primarily manufactured domestically capacities and expertise over six years.
The company has also supplied 120 engines for trainsets, and 60 engines for railbuses.

### Other

The company also supplies engines for marine use, and dual fuel engines for powerplants.