OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ed Young (baseball)

Edward Young (June 13, 1913 – August 3, 1967), nicknamed "Pep", was an American Negro league first baseman who played in the 1930s and 1940s.
A native of Greenwood, Mississippi, Young made his Negro leagues debut in 1938 with the Chicago American Giants. He played eight seasons with Chicago, and also played for the Homestead Grays in 1947. Young died on August 3, 1967, at the age of 54.
# Dan Frazier

Dan Frazier may refer to:
* Dan Frazier (rugby union)
* Dan Frazier (artist)
# Euro IV Ever

Euro IV Ever is the fourth studio album by Swedish singer-songwriter E-Type, which was released in 2001. It contains hit songs "Life", "Africa" and "Campione 2000". That song was made as the official song of the 2000 UEFA European Football Championship.

## Track listing

Notes
* ^a signifies a co-producer

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Finland (Musiikkituottajat) | Gold | 31,493 |
| Sweden (GLF) | Platinum | 80,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# PCBS

PCBS may refer to:
* Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
* PCBs, polychlorinated biphenyls
* Wellington Street bus station (originally Perth Central Bus Station)
* PC Building Simulator
# One to One (Ed Bruce album)

One to One is the ninth studio album by American country music artist Ed Bruce. It was released in 1981 via MCA Records. The album includes the singles "Evil Angel", "(When You Fall in Love) Everything's a Waltz", "You're the Best Break This Old Heart Ever Had" and "Love's Found You and Me".

## Chart performance

| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 29 |
# Philippe Thibaut

Philippe Thibaut is a French designer and producer of several popular grand strategy video games, most notably Europa Universalis, the AGEod collection including Birth of America, AGEOD's American Civil War, Pax Romana, Great Invasions, and World War I: la Grande Guerre '14-'18.
He was the original designer of Europa Universalis as a board game that was published in 1993 by Azure Wish, before leading the adaptation of the hit game for PC in 2000 in collaboration with Target Games that became Paradox Development Studio, and then co-founding AGEod in 2005, that he subsequently merged with Paradox Interactive in December 2009. Working as independent game designer since 2012.

## Board games

Philippe Thibaut is the game designer of the boardgame Europa Universalis in 1993 (with later expansions). He also designed the boardgame la Grande Guerre '14-'18 in 1995. Both of the above were published by AWE.
Other designs are still unpublished to date.

## Video games

The games developed, co-developed and/or produced by Philippe Thibaut:
| Game | Release |
| Europa Universalis | 2000 |
| Europa Universalis II | 2001 |
| Pax Romana | 2003 |
| Great Invasions: The Darkages 350-1066 AD | 2006 |
| Birth of America | 2006 |
| AGEOD's American Civil War | 2007 |
| Napoleon's Campaigns | 2007 |
| Birth of America II: Wars in America 1750-1815 | 2008 |
| World War I | 2008 |
| Rise of Prussia | 2010 |
| Revolution Under Siege | 2010 |
| Pride of Nations | 2011 |
| Alea Jacta Est (video game) | 2012 |
| Civil War II | 2013 |
| To End All Wars | 2014 |
| Wars of Napoleon | 2015 |
| Blocks! Richard III | 2019 |
# Draguzeti

Draguzeti (Italian: Dragosetti) is a village in Istria, Croatia.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 75.
# 1912–13 United States collegiate men's ice hockey season

The 1912–13 United States collegiate men's ice hockey season was the 19th season of collegiate ice hockey.

## Regular season
### Standings

1912–13 Collegiate ice hockey standingsvte :
| | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| | GP | W | L | T | PCT. | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| Amherst | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | – | – |
| Army | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | .800 | 15 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 42 | 7 |
| Columbia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 13 |
| Cornell | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | .000 | 8 | 41 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 8 | 51 |
| Dartmouth | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | .800 | 43 | 15 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 43 | 15 |
| Harvard | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | .900 | 42 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 42 | 16 |
| Massachusetts Agricultural | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | .500 | 24 | 19 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 24 | 19 |
| MIT | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | .400 | 17 | 13 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 28 | 32 |
| Norwich | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Notre Dame | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 12 |
| NYU | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Princeton | 11 | 9 | 2 | 0 | .818 | 64 | 23 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 78 | 32 |
| Rensselaer | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | .000 | 2 | 17 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 17 |
| Syracuse | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trinity | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Williams | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | .417 | 19 | 24 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 19 | 24 |
| Yale | 7 | 2 | 5 | 0 | .286 | 21 | 25 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 23 | 31 |
| YMCA College | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
1912–13 Intercollegiate Hockey Association standingsvte :
| | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| | GP | W | L | T | PTS | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| Princeton * | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 12 | 2 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 78 | 32 |
| Dartmouth | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 43 | 15 |
| Cornell | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 8 | 51 |
| * indicates conference champion |||||||||||||||
1912–13 Intercollegiate Hockey League standingsvte :
| | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| | GP | W | L | T | PTS | SW | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| Harvard * | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | .800 | 2 | 16 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 42 | 16 |
| Princeton | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | .600 | 1 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 78 | 32 |
| Yale | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 9 | 22 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 23 | 31 |
| * indicates conference champion ||||||||||||||||
# Cumhuriyet, Arhavi

Cumhuriyet (Laz language: Charnavati) is a neighbourhood of the town Arhavi, Arhavi District, Artvin Province, Turkey. Its population is 855 (2021). Most inhabitants of the neighbourhood are ethnically Laz.
# Cor Herkströter

Antonius Johannes Cornelius "Cor" Herkströter (born 21 August 1937) is a former chairman of Royal Dutch Shell.
Cor Herkströter was born in Venlo. He studied economics and accountancy at the School of Economics in Rotterdam (now Erasmus University Rotterdam). After graduating, he joined Billiton mining company which was latterly taken over by Shell. During his career at Shell he rose to the most senior executive position at the company, the Chairman of the Committee of Managing Directors, on 1 July 1993.
In 1996, he reorganized the central offices in The Hague and London and laboratories in Amsterdam and Rijswijk. He retired in 1998.
After his tenure at Royal Dutch Shell, he became President Commissioner of the ING Group.
# Afon Gwili (Loughor)

The Afon Gwili is a right-bank tributary of the River Loughor in the east of Carmarthenshire, South Wales. It rises near Cross Hands before flowing in a generally southerly direction past the small village of Cwmgwili to join with the Loughor beyond Hendy near Pontarddulais.
# Albert Liurette

Albert Liurette (born July 3, 1904; date of death unknown) was a Guinean physician and politician. He was born in Kouta. Liurette studied at the Ecole de medicine in Dakar, obtaining a diploma in African medicine. Sergeant at 2e R.I.C.(French Army, Deuxième Régiment d'Infanterie Coloniale), he was arrested by the Wehrmacht and prisoner at Frontstalag 180 (Amboise, Indre & Loire, France) until 1941. Ahead of the June 17, 1951, election to the French National Assembly, Liurette was placed on the second place on the list of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO). Obtaining 67,480 votes (30.5%), the SFIO won two of the three seats allocated to Guinea. Yaciné Diallo and Liurette were elected to the National Assembly.
Liurette became a secretary of the National Assembly in January 1955.
# Abilene Trophy

The Abilene Trophy is awarded annually to the community in Air Mobility Command that is most supportive of its local Air Force Base.
Formally known as the Air Mobility Command Community Support Award, it has been awarded since its establishment in 1998. The award's sponsor is the Abilene, Texas Chamber of Commerce. (Abilene is home to Dyess Air Force Base, which has an AMC contingent, the 317th Airlift Group; however, the host unit for Dyess AFB, the 7th Bomb Wing, is under the Air Force Global Strike Command, and thus Dyess AFB and its host community of Abilene would not be eligible for an award sponsored by its host city.)
| Year | Community | Base Supported |
| 1998 | Grand Forks, North Dakota | Grand Forks Air Force Base |
| 1999 | Dover, Delaware | Dover Air Force Base |
| 2000 | Spokane, Washington | Fairchild Air Force Base |
| 2001 | Greater Tampa Bay Area, Florida | MacDill Air Force Base |
| 2002 | Charleston, South Carolina Metro Chamber and Area Communities | Charleston Air Force Base |
| 2003 | Greater Tampa Bay Area, Florida | MacDill Air Force Base |
| 2004 | Grand Forks, North Dakota | Grand Forks Air Force Base |
| 2005 | Charleston, South Carolina Metro Chamber and Area Communities | Charleston Air Force Base |
| 2006 | Spokane, Washington | Fairchild Air Force Base |
| 2007 | Charleston, South Carolina Metro Chamber and Area Communities | Charleston Air Force Base |
| 2008 | Dover, Delaware | Dover Air Force Base |
| 2009 | Little Rock, Arkansas | Little Rock Air Force Base |
| 2010 | Fayetteville, North Carolina | Pope Air Force Base |
| 2011 | Little Rock | Little Rock Air Force Base |
| 2012 | St. Louis, Missouri / Belleville, Illinois Region | Scott Air Force Base |
| 2013 | Spokane, Washington | Fairchild Air Force Base |
| 2014 | St. Louis, Missouri / Belleville, Illinois Region | Scott Air Force Base |
| 2015 | Dover, Delaware | Dover Air Force Base |
| 2016 | Wichita, Kansas / Wichita Metro Chamber and Area Communities | McConnell Air Force Base |
# 1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino

The 1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino was the 4th season of the Spanish women's football first division. Añorga won their first title ever.

## Teams and locations

| Team | Location |
| Añorga | San Sebastián |
| Atlético Villa de Madrid | Madrid |
| CF Barcelona | Barcelona |
| Oiartzun | Oiartzun |
| Oroquieta Villaverde | Madrid |
| Parque Alcobendas | Alcobendas |
| Peña Barcilona | Barcelona |
| Sabadell | Sabadell |

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Añorga (C) | 14 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 51 | 13 | +38 | 27 |
| 2 | Barcelona | 14 | 9 | 1 | 4 | 38 | 16 | +22 | 19 |
| 3 | Oiartzun | 14 | 8 | 1 | 5 | 38 | 19 | +19 | 17 |
| 4 | Sabadell | 14 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 20 | 25 | −5 | 13 |
| 5 | Oroquieta Villaverde | 14 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 20 | 24 | −4 | 12 |
| 6 | Peña Barcilona | 14 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 19 | 27 | −8 | 12 |
| 7 | Atlético Villa de Madrid | 14 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 37 | 45 | −8 | 11 |
| 8 | Parque Alcobendas | 14 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 10 | 64 | −54 | 1 |

## Results

| Home \ Away | AÑO | VMA | BAR | OIA | ORO | ALC | PBA | SAB |
| Añorga | — | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 8–1 | 4–1 | 5–2 |
| Atlético Villa de Madrid | 1–3 | — | 1–14 | 2–3 | 2–2 | 8–1 | 1–4 | 2–2 |
| Barcelona | 2–4 | 3–2 | — | 1–0 | 2–1 | 6–0 | 1–3 | 1–0 |
| Oiartzun | 0–3 | 4–5 | 2–0 | — | 6–1 | 4–2 | 4–1 | 6–0 |
| Oroquieta Villaverde | 1–3 | 3–0 | 1–5 | 0–0 | — | 4–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 |
| Parque Alcobendas | 1–7 | 2–9 | 0–1 | 0–5 | 1–5 | — | 0–0 | 0–2 |
| Peña Barcilona | 0–3 | 2–2 | 0–1 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 3–2 | — | 0–0 |
| Sabadell | 3–3 | 4–2 | 0–2 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 4–0 | 1–2 | — |
* ↑ Atlético Villa de Madrid did not show up.
# Flora of Montserrat

The flora of Montserrat consists of almost 1200 vascular plant species and a currently unknown number of bryophytes. The flora is consistent with neighboring islands of the Lesser Antilles. There are three endemic species described, one of which is presumed extinct in the aftermath of the volcanic eruption beginning in 1995.
Montserrat has not been thoroughly botanized, and while the first checklist for the island was presented in Richard Howard's Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Montserrat was neither a significant focus nor thoroughly surveyed. In recent years, there has been an increase in botanical activity in Montserrat, but the results of this research have yet to be published outside of a web-hosted database. For an island in an area known for its biodiversity, relatively few species have been collected. Additionally, most collections from the island were made before the current volcanic activity, necessitating further research. Since 2010, botanists from Kew Botanic Gardens and Bard College at Simon's Rock have been adding to the collections made.

## Habitats

Due to its topographical variation, Montserrat is host to diverse ecological environments. The Eastern side of the island is dry and predominantly populated by plants in the genus Acacia, while the central and Western parts of the island, particularly the Centre Hills Nature Preserve, includes tropical rainforests and cloud forests at high elevations.

## Vascular plants

More than 1100 vascular plants have been recorded on Montserrat, almost 1000 of which are angiosperms. There are three described endemics: an epiphytic orchid (Epidendrum montserratense), a woody plant in the coffee family known by the common name "pribby" (Rondeletia buxifolia), and a treelet in the willow family (Xylosma serrata). X. serrata is possibly extinct, as it has not been observed since its habitat was buried in pyroclastic flow.
Only two gymnosperms have been recorded on Montserrat: Araucaria heterophylla and Podocarpus coriaceus. Of the ferns recorded, there are four tree ferns in the family Cyatheaceae and sixteen filmy ferns, among over 100 others. Nine species of Lycophytes have been recorded.
# Cyathaspis

Cyathaspis is the type genus of the heterostracan order Cyathaspidiformes. Fossils are found in late Silurian strata in the Cunningham Creek Formation, New Brunswick, Canada and Europe, especially in the Downton Castle Sandstone of Great Britain and Gotland, Sweden. The living animal would have looked superficially like a tadpole, albeit covered in bony plates composed of the tissue aspidine, which is unique to heterostracan armor.
Cyathaspis ludensis is the earliest British vertebrate fossil. It was found in rocks at Leintwardine in Herefordshire, a noted fossil locality.
# Omosarotes ater

Omosarotes ater is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Julio and Monné in 2001. It is known from Ecuador.
# Ooencyrtus marcelloi

Ooencyrtus marcelloi is a parasitic wasp belonging to the family Encyrtidae. The species was first discovered in 2008 in a tropical lowland rainforest in the Soberanía National Park around Gamboa, Panama. The scientific name was first published in 2010.
Female length 0.9 mm; male length 0.7-0.8 mm. The hosts of this parasitic wasp are eggs of Heliconiini butterflies. Parasitized eggs were found on passion vines: Passiflora auriculata, Passiflora biflora, Passiflora coriacea and Passiflora vitifolia. From one butterfly egg, a single wasp emerges.
# Adler (comics)

Adler is a Belgian comic series written and drawn by the Belgian author René Sterne (1952–2006) and colored by his wife Chantal De Spiegeleer.
The comic was initially serialized in Tintin magazine beginning in 1985 and was published as ten albums by Le Lombard, from 1987 to 2003. It was reissued in 2008 in two omnibus volumes collecting five albums each.
Executed in classic ligne claire, the series's drawings are characterized by a stylized but realistic portrayal of the background and a highly stylized, nearly caricatural character design. Adler is named after the protagonist, Adler von Berg, a German pilot who deserts the Luftwaffe in 1942 and founds an airfreight company in Delhi with his Irish girlfriend Helen. The albums recount, with a humorous tone, their action-laden adventures in exotic locations such as India, Latin America, the Caribbean or a Soviet gulag.

## Albums
### Individual albums

* L'avion du Nanga (1987, ISBN 2-8036-0648-8)
* Le repaire du Katana (1988, ISBN 2-8036-0673-9)
* Muerte transit (1989, ISBN 2-8036-0764-6)
* Dernière mission (1992, ISBN 2-8036-0851-0)
* Black Bounty (1995, ISBN 2-8036-1157-0)
* L'île perdue (1996, ISBN 2-8036-1208-9)
* La jungle rouge (1997, ISBN 2-8036-1267-4)
* Les maudits (1998, ISBN 2-8036-1354-9)
* La force (2000, ISBN 2-80361-493-6)
* Le goulag (2003, ISBN 2-8036-1807-9)

### Collections

* Adler: Intégrale 1 (2008, ISBN 978-2-8036-2398-3)
* Adler: Intégrale 2 (2008, ISBN 978-2-8036-2460-7)

### Special editions

* Noël en malaisie (1998, hors-série, 500 copies published by B.D. Club de Genève)
# Dale of Norway

Dale of Norway is a Norwegian clothing brand known for their production of high quality pure wool knitwear. The textile factory for the company is located at the village of Dale in Vaksdal Municipality, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) east of the city of Bergen in Vestland county, Norway. In 2018, Dale of Norway was acquired by the Rossignol Group.

## History

The history of the business dates to 1872 when industrialist Peter Jebsen (1824–1892) first established a textile factory in Dale. The textile facility was completed in 1879. Starting in 1912, the operation included the production of hand-knitted yarn. After World War II, the factory developed exports of its knitted sweaters.
Since 1956, Dale of Norway has designed and produced official Olympic and World Championship sweaters for the Norwegian National Alpine Ski Team, with new designs for every event. Dale of Norway was later chosen to design the official sweaters for the Winter Olympic Games through the International Olympic Committee (IOC), with the rights to use the Olympic symbols.
# Ding Huan

Ding Huan (Chinese: 丁緩) was a Chinese craftsman, mechanical engineer, and inventor who lived in the first century CE during the Han dynasty. Among the inventions attributed to him is an air conditioning system based on evaporative cooling.

## Purported invention of the zoetrope

In his multi-volume Science and Civilisation in China, the British scientist and historian Joseph Needham briefly describes several devices he classes as "... a variety of zoetrope, which may well have originated in China". The first example he offers used an umbrella-like canopy hung over an oil lamp and provided with a vaned opening at its top, so that heated air rising from the lamp would cause it to rotate. The lower part of the canopy was in the form of a cylinder and had translucent panes with paintings of animals or men. Sufficiently rapid rotation would "give an impression of movement" to the painted figures. Several later writers have misreported Needham by crediting this particular device to Ding Huan. The only such invention Needham attributes to Ding Huan is "a 'nine-storied hill-censer' ... on which many strange birds and mysterious animals were attached. All ... moved quite naturally ... presumably as soon as the lamp was lit."
Needham claims these devices "certainly embodied the principle of a rapid succession of images", but it is not apparent from any of the descriptions provided that there was anything other than a procession of painted figures or carvings or cast shadows seen actually moving through space. By contrast, the invention for which the name "zoetrope" was coined in the 19th century is, like the flip book, an animation device that creates an illusion of motion from a series of images showing successive phases of that motion, by rapidly presenting them to the viewer one after another in such a way that each abruptly replaces (or seems to abruptly replace) the previous one.
# Dowker–Thistlethwaite notation

In the mathematical field of knot theory, the Dowker–Thistlethwaite (DT) notation or code, for a knot is a sequence of even integers. The notation is named after Clifford Hugh Dowker and Morwen Thistlethwaite, who refined a notation originally due to Peter Guthrie Tait.

## Definition

To generate the Dowker–Thistlethwaite notation, traverse the knot using an arbitrary starting point and direction. Label each of the n crossings with the numbers 1, ..., 2n in order of traversal (each crossing is visited and labelled twice), with the following modification: if the label is an even number and the strand followed crosses over at the crossing, then change the sign on the label to be a negative. When finished, each crossing will be labelled a pair of integers, one even and one odd. The Dowker–Thistlethwaite notation is the sequence of even integer labels associated with the labels 1, 3, ..., 2n − 1 in turn.

## Example

For example, a knot diagram may have crossings labelled with the pairs (1, 6) (3, −12) (5, 2) (7, 8) (9, −4) and (11, −10). The Dowker–Thistlethwaite notation for this labelling is the sequence: 6 −12 2 8 −4 −10.

## Uniqueness and counting

Dowker and Thistlethwaite have proved that the notation specifies prime knots uniquely, up to reflection.
In the more general case, a knot can be recovered from a Dowker–Thistlethwaite sequence, but the recovered knot may differ from the original by either being a reflection or by having any connected sum component reflected in the line between its entry/exit points – the Dowker–Thistlethwaite notation is unchanged by these reflections. Knots tabulations typically consider only prime knots and disregard chirality, so this ambiguity does not affect the tabulation.
The ménage problem, posed by Tait, concerns counting the number of different number sequences possible in this notation.
# Pacific Coastal Plain

The Pacific Coastal Plain is located in Mexico. This region lies along the Pacific coastline from Alaska to Mexico. The plains range is from the Mexican border with the United States to Cape Corrientes, about range of about half the western coast of Mexico, and includes Baja California.One physical feature of this region is that it has mountains bordering the ocean. There are more potentially active volcanoes in this region than in any other region in the Lower 48. The two main mountain ranges are the Cascade Mountains in the north and the Sierra Nevada in the south. The western valleys have fertile and rich land. Many high-quality fruits are grown there. Giant redwoods are an interesting feature in the northern Californian mountains. The San Andreas Fault, another feature of this region, sometimes causes earthquakes.
# Cyathea affinis

Cyathea affinis is a variable species of tree fern native to Fiji, Samoa, the Cook Islands, Austral Islands, Tahiti, and the Marquesas Islands. The trunk of this plant is erect and 2–6 m tall. Fronds are bipinnate and 2–3 m in length. The rachis and stipe are pale to brown in colour, or flushed with red towards the pinnule rachis. The stipe is sparsely covered in narrow basal scales, which are pale to dark and have broad fragile edges. Characteristically of this species, the lowest one or two pairs of pinnae may be slightly reduced and occur towards the base of the stipe. Sori are located near the pinnule midvein and are partially or fully covered by indusia, which open towards the pinnule margin.
Large and Braggins (2004) note that there is much variation between individual plants of C. affinis in terms of frond and scale details and Cyathea tahitensis, which is usually regarded as synonymous, may in fact represent a separate species.
Cyathea affinis (G.Forst.) Sw. is not to be confused with Cyathea affinis Brack, a synonym of Sphaeropteris propinqua, nor Cyathea affinis A.Rojas, a synonym of Cyathea retanae.
Young shoots of C. affinis are eaten in the Marquesas Islands.
# Omosa River

The Omosa River is a river in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.
The Omosan languages are spoken in the area.