OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Manger

A manger or trough is a rack for fodder, or a structure or feeder used to hold food for animals. The word comes from the Old French mangier (meaning "to eat"), from Latin mandere (meaning "to chew").
Mangers are mostly used in livestock raising and generally found at stables and farmhouses. They are also used to feed wild animals, e.g., in nature reserves.
A similar trough providing drinking water for domestic or non-domestic animals is a watering trough and may be part of a larger watering structure called abreuvoir.

## The manger in Christianity

The manger is associated with nativity scenes where Mary and Joseph, forced by necessity to stay in a room for animals instead of a guest room, used a manger as a makeshift crib for the Baby Jesus. (Greek: φάτνη phatnē; Luke 2:7).

## Gallery

* 18th century limestone mangers at The Devil's Farmhouse in Mellieha, Malta.
* Donkey eating apples from a steel trough
* Nativity at Night by Geertgen tot Sint Jans, c. 1490.
# Dazepinil

Dazepinil, classified as a tricyclic antidepressant, is a pharmacological compound that has never been approved for medical use. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at the synaptic cleft, thereby enhancing neurotransmitter availability in the brain.
Dazepinil is a 1,3-benzodiazepine derivative that has been reported to have marked anti-tetrabenazine activity, to inhibit neurotransmitter uptake into rat brain synaptosomes and to lack anticholinergic activity as evidenced by negligible displacement of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzylate from rat brain muscarinic receptors, and by negligible antagonism of the cholinergic stimulation produced by physostigmine or oxotremorine. This suggests that HRP 534 might be clinically useful as a novel antidepressant which is devoid of anticholinergic side-effects.

## Synthesis

The chemical synthesis has been reported:
The base catalyzed reaction between N-Boc-o-toluidine [74965-31-4] (1) and N-Benzylidenemethylamine [622-29-7] (2) gives PC20452101. The removal of the Boc protecting group by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid afforded 2-[2-(Methylamino)-2-phenylethyl]aniline, PC10857157 (3). Reaction of the resulting diamine with methyl orthoacetate adds the required extra carbon atom and leads to the formation of dazepinil (4).
# The Woman in the Case (1916 American film)

The Woman in the Case is a 1916 American silent drama film produced by the Famous Players Film Company and distributed through Paramount Pictures. Hugh Ford directed star Pauline Frederick as Margaret Rolfe. Clyde Fitch's 1905 play of the same name is the source material for this production and on Broadway the Margaret Rolfe role was played by Blanche Walsh. An Australian film of the same name based on Fitch's play was also produced in 1916 and is now lost. This American film, recently rediscovered in a European archive, survives but is missing the last reel.
Filmed again by Paramount in 1922 as The Law and the Woman with Betty Compson and as a talkie in 1932 as The Wiser Sex.

## Cast

* Pauline Frederick - Margaret Rolfe
* Marie Chambers - Claire Foster
* Alan Hale - Julian Rolfe
* Paul Gordon - Philip Long
* George Larkin - ?
* Clarence Handyside - ?
* Mrs. C. Pettengill - ?
# The Woman Thou Gavest Me (film)

The Woman Thou Gavest Me is a 1919 silent film directed by Hugh Ford and starring Jack Holt, Katherine MacDonald and Milton Sills. It was produced by Famous Players–Lasky and distributed through Famous Players–Lasky and Paramount Pictures. The film is based on the 1913 controversial novel The Woman Thou Gavest Me by Hall Caine, adapted for the screen by Beulah Marie Dix. A song of the same name with words and music by Al Piantadosi promoted the film.

## Plot

Daniel McNeill swears to take revenge on his landlord Lord Raa for the humiliation Raa had inflicted on him during his childhood. Years later, after making his fortune, McNeill buys Raa's castle and marries his young daughter, Mary to the profligate heir to the Raa title. The married couple leave on their honeymoon, but Mary lives with her husband in name only. Raa refuses to give her a divorce because he would lose all claim to the McNeil fortune.
Mary meets Martin Conrad, an old sweetheart of hers. While Raa entertains an affinity in India, she and Martin find themselves thrown together in Africa. Conrad, an explorer, leaves on an Antarctic voyage. Pregnant, Mary seeks a secluded spot in southern France for the birth, refusing to live with her husband. When Mary's father insists that she return to Lord Raa she tells him the child is Conrad's.
After learning that Conrad had been lost on the expedition a penniless Mary returns to London where she turns to prostitution to make money to care for her child. The first man she approaches is Conrad who has been searching for her.

## Cast

* Katherine MacDonald - Mary MacNeill
* Jack Holt - Lord Raa
* Milton Sills - Martin Conrad
* Theodore Roberts - Daniel MacNeill
* Fritzi Brunette - Alma Lier
* Katherine Griffith - Aunt Bridget
* Winter Hall - Minister

## Status

This film is lost
# Free bowing

In a symphony orchestra, free bowing is a performance technique used by a string section to create a fuller sound than can be achieved by synchronized bowing.

## History

Free bowing was popularized by Leopold Stokowski, who as conductor of the Philadelphia Orchestra experimented with many musical conventions.

### Technique

It is standard practice for members of each string section to bow (i.e. to draw the bow back and forth across the strings) in unison, usually following directions inscribed on the sheet music by the concertmaster. Under free bowing, however, the string members each determine individually the best way to play a set of notes, collectively producing a deeper sound, free of mechanical restriction.
Free bowing is rarely used today in Western classical music because of its lack of communal focus, which can cause musicians to play out of step with each other. The Philadelphia Orchestra, with whom it was associated, discontinued the practice after Eugene Ormandy succeeded Stokowski as conductor. However, the practice is common with orchestras that perform Arabic classical music.

### Legacy

Michael Daugherty's 2001 composition Bells for Stokowski, commissioned for the Philadelphia Orchestra's centennial, employs free bowing as a tribute to Stokowski.
# Magnar Lundemo

Magnar Lundemo (4 March 1938 in Meråker – 7 January 1987 in Meråker) was a Norwegian cross-country skier and track and field athlete. As a skier he participated in two Olympic Games and placed fourth at the 1962 World Championships. In the athletics he took several national titles, and recorded one nineteenth place at the 1962 European Championships. He was also a coach.

## Skiing

He was national champion in cross-country skiing (15 kilometres) in 1961. He placed fourth in the same event at the Nordic World Ski Championships 1962, and also participated in the 1960 and 1964 Winter Olympics. In 1960 he placed sixteenth in the 30 km event, while in 1964 he placed eighth in the 15 km event and fourth in the 4 × 10 km relay event. Teammates in the latter event were Erling Steineide, Einar Østby and Harald Grønningen. Lundemo later coached the Norwegian national cross-country skiing team from 1978 to 1984.
He represented the club IL Varden in Meråker Municipality. A statue of him was erected in Meråker in 1991. He was also decorated with the Egeberg Honorary Prize (Norwegian: Egebergs Ærespris) for successful sportspeople of multiple sports, in 1962. Ole Ellefsæter, the next winner of this prize, was a skier-runner as well.

## Athletics

In athletics, Lundemo won ten national titles in Norway. He won the 10,000 metres title in 1961 and 1962, the marathon title in 1964, the 25 kilometres road race in 1961, 1962, 1963 and 1964, the 8 kilometres cross-country race in 1960, the cross-country single start race in 1961 and 1962. In the 10,000 metres, the 8 kilometres cross-country and the cross-country single start he also won silver and bronze medals, the last time in 1968. He competed once in an international event, when he finished nineteenth in the 10,000 metres event at the 1962 European Championships.
His personal best time in the 10,000 metres was 29:30.4 minutes, achieved in September 1966 at Bislett stadion. In the marathon he had 2:27:00 hours as a personal best, achieved in September 1964 in Södertälje.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### Olympic Games

| Year | Age | 15 km | 30 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1960 | 22 | — | 16 | — | — |
| 1964 | 26 | 8 | — | — | 4 |

### World Championships

| Year | Age | 15 km | 30 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1962 | 24 | 4 | — | — | 4 |
# Pedro Pinto (footballer, born 1951)

Pedro Rosamel Pinto Jara (born 20 March 1951) is a Chilean former footballer who played as a left winger. Besides Chile, he played in Mexico.

## Club career

Mainly a left winger, Pinto was with Club Deportivo Caupolicán from his hometown, El Monte, as a youth player.
In 1968, he joined the Colo-Colo youth system and made his professional debut a year later in a match against Magallanes. As a member of them, he won the 1970 Primera División.
From 1971 to 1973, Pinto played for Green Cross-Temuco, ending his contract after an argument about a permission with the club's manager.
In 1974, he switched to Palestino thanks to the coach Caupolicán Peña. A historical player of a successful stint of them, he won three titles, the 1978 Primera División and the Copa Chile in 1975 and 1977, and took part in the Copa Libertadores.
He also had stints with Mexican Primera División side Atlético Potosino in the second half of 1976, coinciding with his compatriot Eduardo Peralta, and Chilean Segunda División side San Antonio Unido in 1981.

## International career

Pinto made eight appearances for the Chile national team between 1974 and 1979, winning the friendship trophies Copa Acosta Ñu in 1974 and Copa Juan Pinto Durán in 1979.

## Personal life

Pinto is the oldest of five siblings.
His son of the same name, Pedro Pinto Carvajal, is an amateur footballer who has played and served as coach for CD Caupolicán.
# Elseng language

Elseng (Morwap, Janggu, Sawa, Tabu) is a poorly documented Papuan language spoken by about 300 people (in 1991) in the Indonesian province of Papua. It is also known as Morwap, which means "what is it?" ‘Morwap’ is vigorously rejected as a language name by speakers and government officials.
Elseng is spoken in Omon village, Gresi Selatan district, Jayapura Regency; it is also called Tabu or Tapu.

## Classification

Laycock classified Elseng as a language isolate but noted pronominal similarities with the Border languages. Ross included it in Border because of these similarities but noted that it does not appear to share any lexical similarities with the family. However, this may be an effect of the paucity of data on Elseng. Foley similarly classifies Elseng as an isolate.
An automated computational analysis (ASJP 4) by Müller et al. (2013) also found lexical similarities with the Border languages.

## Phonology

Consonants: :
| | | Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar |
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | | k |
| Plosive | voiced | b | | | g |
| Plosive | prenas. | ᵐb | | | ᵑɡ |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | ŋ |
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | | |
| Fricative | voiced | v | | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | l | j | |
Vowels: :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Mid | e | ə | |
| Open | a | | |

## Pronouns

Pronouns are:
| | sg | pl |
| 1excl | ka | kam |
| 1incl | yo | yo |
| 2 | so | sem |
| 3 | yi | yi |

## Basic vocabulary

Elseng basic vocabulary from Menanti (2005), quoted in Foley (2018):
    Elseng basic vocabulary glossElseng ‘bird’bisyas ‘blood’sakwos ‘bone’wok ‘breast’pan ‘ear’waskwos ‘eat’tou ‘egg’syungwin ‘eye’nafon ‘fire’bət ‘give’venenggiʔ ‘go’gele ‘ground’mo ‘hair’nimbias ‘hear’sɨkwen ‘leg’poksən ‘louse’ku ‘man’seseu ‘moon’məm ‘name’tin ‘road, path’mol ‘see’nɨnggwen ‘sky’kuil ‘stone’səpak ‘sun’ningnaf ‘tongue’mosən ‘tooth’an ‘tree’sək ‘water’vetev ‘woman’saun
The following basic vocabulary words are from Voorhoeve (1971, 1975), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:
    glossElseng headwalambiap hairnimbias earmo; uskŋs eyenaf nosesənpokep toothan tonguemɔs; mɔsən legpokəs louseku dogwəs pigwo birdbisjas; bisyas eggsuŋun bloodwətwən boneok skinson; sɔn breastpan treesək mansisɛu; sisew womansaɔ sunninaf moonmɔm waterwətel; wətəl firebot; bɔt stonesəpat road, pathmul eatto

## Sentences and phrases

Example sentences and phrases in Elseng:
ka
1
makən
POSS
teti
father
ka makən teti
1 POSS father
‘my/our father’
waso
man
amsan
good
waso amsan
man good
‘good man’
tele
father
si
garden
fa-san
work-?
tele si fa-san
father garden work-?
‘Father is working (his) garden.’
tele
father
bas
to-san
eat-?
tele bas to-san
father ? eat-?
‘Father is eating.’
# San Bernardino alle Monache

San Bernardino alle Monache is a Renaissance style church on Via Lanzone 13 in central Milan, Italy. This was originally a chapel within the nunnery of St Bernard. The monastery no longer exists. It was built around 1447 to designs by Pietro Antonio Solari. The interior contains frescoes from the 15th century and before. Some are attributed to Vincenzo Foppa. The church was restored in the last century.
# Pippa Savage

Philippa "Pippa" Savage (born 15 March 1981 in Moree, New South Wales, Australia) is an Australian rower. She competed in the women's single sculls at the 2008 Summer Olympics. She did not compete at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
# Brzezina, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship

Brzezina is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tolkmicko, within Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-east of Tolkmicko, 25 km (16 mi) north-east of Elbląg, and 80 km (50 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).
# Oncocalyx quinquenervius

Oncocalyx quinquenervius (the banded matchflower) is a parasitic plant species in the family Loranthaceae, native to South Africa.

## Description

Oncocalyx quinquenervius is a hemiparasite.
The flowers are tubular, splitting down one side and have red to pink and white bands. Mainly flowering from June to September (in the southern hemisphere). The leaves are green, succulent and simple in shape, elliptic with margin entire. Usually 5 veined from the leaf base. It grows to a height of 50 cm to 100 cm. The fruit is a red berry about 10mm in diameter.

## Taxonomy

This species was previously placed in the genus Tieghemia.

## Distribution and habitat

Oncocalyx quinquenervius is endemic to the Eastern Cape and KwaZuluNatal in South Africa.

## Conservation

The plant is listed as Least Concern in the SANBI Redlist.
# Galal El-Din Abdel Meguid Abou El-Kheir

Galal El-Din Abdel Meguid Abou El-Kheir (born 3 September 1927) was an Egyptian water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Imam Hassan Ali

Imam Hassan Ali (born 12 August 1911, date of death unknown) was an Egyptian wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman lightweight at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Ramadan Aly

Ramadan Aly (born 10 January 1965) is an Egyptian weightlifter. He competed in the men's flyweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Mohamed Azmi

Mohamed Azmi (born 1921) was an Egyptian water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Alex Hardcastle

Alex Hardcastle (born 19 November 1972) is a British television director and producer who has worked on television shows and movies in both the UK and the United States. He is best known for his directorial work on the American comedies New Girl, The Mindy Project, The Office, Grace & Frankie, Parks and Recreation as well as his series A Young Doctor's Notebook starring Jon Hamm and Daniel Radcliffe.
Hardcastle directed multiple episodes of the musical comedy Crazy Ex-Girlfriend for the CW, Grace & Frankie for Netflix and the comedy drama You're the Worst for FX. He directed the Warner Brothers / Paramount Network period drama American Woman starring Alicia Silverstone, Mena Suvari and Cheyenne Jackson, as well as multiple episodes of the Robin Williams show The Crazy Ones.

## Career

Hardcastle began his career during the mid-nineties producing British television documentaries such as in Search of James Bond with Jonathan Ross, as well as entertainment specials with Elton John, The Spice Girls and Rod Stewart; BBC1's Fame Academy; Comic Aid starring Simon Pegg, Dawn French, The League of Gentlemen' and Eddie Izzard; Comic Relief; and Live at the Apollo. He produced Lee Evans XL, as well as Lee Mack Live, Dara O Briain: Live at the Theatre Royal and Jack Dee Live Again.
He turned to directing in the 2000s with series including BBC2 sitcom Lead Balloon starring Jack Dee, School of Comedy (Channel 4) and BBC1's Not Going Out, the UK's longest running audience sitcom of all time. In 2012 he directed the first series of A Young Doctor's Notebook.
He has also directed episodes of American comedies series such as The Office, Parks and Recreation, The Crazy Ones, Super Fun Night, Running Wilde, Suburgatory, The Middle, The Mindy Project, Trophy Wife, How to Live with Your Parents for the Rest of Your Life, Kröd Mändoon and the Flaming Sword of Fire, the Christian Slater action comedy Breaking In, and the David Cross and Will Arnett comedy The Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret.
In 2018, Hardcastle directed The Good Cop for Netflix starring Josh Groban and Tony Danza in New York as well as multiple episodes of Grace and Frankie. He is currently in production on Season 7, the final 15 episodes of Grace and Frankie starring Jane Fonda, Lily Tomlin, Sam Waterstone and Martin Sheen.
In 2022, Hardcastle made his feature film directing debut with the Netflix original film Senior Year, starring Rebel Wilson.
Hardcastle lives in Los Angeles, California.
# Taha Youssef El-Gamal

Taha Youssef El-Gamal (26 March 1923 – 1956) was an Egyptian swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the water polo tournaments at the 1948 and 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Ahmed Ghanem

Ahmed Abdelhalim Ghanem (Arabic: أحمد عبد الحليم غانم, born 12 January 1959) is an Egyptian hurdler. He competed in the 400 metres hurdles at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Petar Lesov

Petar Lesov (Bulgarian: Петър Лесов, born 12 September 1960) is a former Bulgarian boxer, who won the Flyweight Gold medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He is a two-time European champion in the flyweight division (1981 and 1983). Lesov is currently a boxing coach.

## Amateur career

Below is the Olympic record of Petar Lesov, a Bulgarian flyweight boxer who competed in the 1980 Moscow Olympics:
* Round of 32: Defeated Onofre Ramírez (Nicaragua) by decision, 5-0
* Round of 16: Defeated Hassen Sherif (Ethiopia) by decision, 5-0
* Quarterfinal: Defeated Gilberto Roman (Mexico) by decision, 4-1
* Semifinal: Defeated Hugh Russell (Ireland) by decision, 5-0
* Final: Defeated Viktor Miroshnichenko (USSR) by a second-round TKO (won gold medal)

## Professional career

Lesov turned pro in 1991 with little success. After five defeats by KO or TKO, including a loss to journeyman Wilson Rodriguez, he retired in 1992 with a record of 0-5-0.
# Bozhil Lozanov

Bozhil Naydenov Lozanov (born 16 August 1934) is a Bulgarian boxer. He competed in the men's heavyweight event at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Rodrigo Zelaya

Rodrigo Andrés Zelaya Pérez (born 12 June 1968) is a retired Chilean athlete who specialised in the javelin throw. He twice represented his country at World Championships, in 1991 and 1993, without qualifying for the final. In addition, he won multiple medals on regional level.
His personal best of 77.28 metres (Santiago de Chile 1998) is a former national record.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Chile |||||
| 1987 | South American Junior Championships | Santiago, Chile | 2nd | 62.98 m |
| 1987 | South American Championships | São Paulo, Brazil | 2nd | 64.06 m |
| 1988 | Ibero-American Championships | Mexico City, Mexico | 6th | 62.88 m A |
| 1989 | South American Championships | Medellín, Colombia | 5th | 62.66 m |
| 1990 | Ibero-American Championships | Manaus, Brazil | 3rd | 67.28 m |
| 1991 | South American Championships | Manaus, Brazil | 2nd | 73.88 m |
| 1991 | Pan American Games | Havana, Cuba | 7th | 70.86 m |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 30th (q) | 70.70 m |
| 1992 | Ibero-American Championships | Seville, Spain | 6th | 66.90 m |
| 1993 | South American Championships | Lima, Peru | 1st | 72.86 m |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 31st (q) | 73.26 m |
| 1994 | South American Games | Valencia, Venezuela | 2nd | 76.50 m |
| 1995 | Pan American Games | Mar del Plata, Argentina | 5th | 74.18 m |
| 1996 | Ibero-American Championships | Medellín, Colombia | 2nd | 74.22 m |
| 1997 | South American Championships | Mar del Plata, Argentina | 6th | 69.70 m |
| 1998 | Ibero-American Championships | Lisbon, Portugal | 3rd | 74.54 m |
# Hussain El-Din Hamed

Hussain El-Din Hamed (born 17 September 1963) is an Egyptian wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 68 kg at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Mohi Din Hamaky

Mohi Din Hamaky (17 January 1929 – 9 September 2017) was an Egyptian boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Yuri Mitev

Yuri Mitev (6 February 1958 – 11 August 2022) was a Bulgarian biathlete.
He competed at the 1980 Winter Olympics and the 1984 Winter Olympics.
Mitev died on 11 August 2022, at the age of 64.
# Ahmed Hassan (boxer)

Ahmed Hassan (born 12 September 1941) is an Egyptian boxer. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Bashar Shbib

Bashar Shbib (born June 25, 1959) is a Canadian independent film director and producer. He started making independent films in Montreal the 1980s and became one of the most prolific independent filmmakers in Canada with over 30 films to his credit.
In the early 1990s, Shbib moved Los Angeles and directed his most successful films to date; Julia Has Two Lovers (1990) starring David Duchovny.

## Biography

Bashar Shbib was born in Damascus; he emigrated to Canada with his parents and two brothers at an early age. He attended McGill University in Microbiology and Concordia University, where he earned a Bachelor in Fine Arts in Film Directing.
His romantic comedies, Julia Has Two Lovers (1990) and Lana in Love (1991), were premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival panorama, the 1991 Montreal World Film Festival and the New Orleans Film Festival. Another of his comedies, Love $ Greed (1991), was in competition at the 1991 Montreal World Film Festival. Crack Me Up (1991), Ride Me (1992), and Draghoula (1994) soon followed. Shbib's recent release(s), The Senses (five feature films), has been aired on Radio Canada and several television networks worldwide. Shbib has also created less commercial works such as Evixion (1986) and Clair obscur or The Stork (1988).
In 2002, Shbib was hired to design and realize the landscaping in and around the John Sowden House in Los Angeles.
In 2013 he released the documentary film The Search for Evangeline, about his failed efforts to track down a copy of the historically significant 1914 film Evangeline.

## Filmography

* 1983 : Or d'Ur (Short)
* 1983 : Betsy (Short)
* 1983 : Amour Impossible (Short)
* 1984 : Memoirs
* 1985 : Cazalla de la sierra (Short)
* 1986 : Evixion
* 1987 : Seductio
* 1988 : Clair obscur
* 1990 : 15 Ugly Sisters
* 1991 : Julia Has Two Lovers
* 1991 : Love $ Greed
* 1991 : Crack me up
* 1992 : Lana in Love
* 1994 : Ride Me
* 1995 : La mule et les émeraudes
* 1995 : Bashar Shbib's Draghoula
* 1997 : Hot Sauce
* 1997 : Taxi to L.A.
* 1997 : The Perfumer
* 1997 : Strictly Spanking
* 1997 : Panic
* 1999 : The Kiss
* 2005 : Silent Men