# Bhuragaon

Bhuragaon is the name of a town in the Indian state of Assam. Bhuragaon is located in Morigaon district. The town is situated on the south bank of the river Brahmaputra.

## Etymology

The place previously known as Pabhakati. But, later the town was changed after the independence of india. Later the name, Bhuragaon derived from Assamese word Bhur (ভূৰ) And Gaon (গাঁও). The native peoples, use this Bhur as a medium of transport. Later, this place came to known as Bhuragaon.
The name likely refers to the town's location on the fertile land near the Brahmaputra River, which has been an important source of livelihood for the people of Bhuragaon for centuries.
The name Bhuragaon also has an etymological connection to the Assamese word Bhuri, which means rice husk in English.

## Geography

Bhuragaon is a town located in the Morigaon district of Assam, India. It is situated at a latitude of 26.40°N and a longitude of 92.23°E.
It is surrounded by various districts and towns in different directions. Bhuragaon is next to Darrang and Sonitpur districts in the north. To the east, it is near the towns of Laharighat and Dhing. To the west is Mayong, a place famous for its history and culture. To the south of Bhuragaon lies the district headquarters, Morigaon.
The town situated on the bank of the river Brahmaputra and surrounded by lush green forests and hills. The town covers an area of approximately 237.15 square kilometers and has an average elevation of 57 meters above sea level. The villages has a very rich history of religious harmony and educational prosperity.

## History

This region was governed autonomously by six rulers. During this period, two princes from Darrang, Supradhvaj and Makardhvaj, escaped their homeland due to internal conflicts. They crossed the vast Brahmaputra and settled in Bahakajari. Later, Supradhvaj married the daughter of Mangalsingh, the King of Baghara. Supradhvaj was subsequently appointed as the seventh ruler of the region, establishing an independent kingdom of his own.
During the era of Lachit Borphukan, two other princes from Darrang, Ram Singh and Bhimsingh, crossed the Brahmaputra in search of fertile plains. After Bhim Singh settled, Ram Singh returned home. Bhim Singh, however, was not favored by the local inhabitants, so he left the Brahmaputra area and settled near Mori Beel. This place eventually became known as Morigaon.
According to data mentioned in the dynasty of the Mayang kingdom, a prince named Ramjaya Singh came to Pabhakati near present-day bhuragaon and established another Kachari kingdom during the reign of the 23rd king of this kingdom (1779-88 AD).
Some people from the state of pabhakati went and settled in the dhing-raidingia area. The new kingdom was known as the Garakhia kingdom.

## Economy

In terms of economy, Bhuragaon is primarily an agricultural town. The fertile soil and favorable climate of the region make it suitable for the cultivation of crops like rice, jute, mustard, and vegetables. The town is also known for its thriving dairy industry, with many farmers engaged in milk production. Apart from that it was home to several small-scale industries, including handloom and handicrafts.
The Brahmaputra River, one of the largest rivers in the world, flows through Bhuragaon, providing a source of livelihood for the people of the town. The river is also an important transportation route for goods and people.
The town is located in the state of Assam, India, which is prone to frequent flooding due to its proximity to the Brahmaputra River and its tributaries. Floods in the region can cause extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and agricultural land, leading to significant economic losses and displacement of people from their homes.
The government and other organizations have implemented various measures to mitigate the effects of floods in Bhuragaon and other flood-prone areas, including building flood shelters and embankments and providing relief and assistance to those affected by floods.

## Administration

The administration of Bhuragaon is part of the larger administrative structure of the Morigaon district and the state of Assam.
The Morigaon district is administered by a Deputy Commissioner, who is the highest-ranking administrative officer in the district.

## Demographics
### Population

According to the 2011 Census information, The town, along with the sub-district Bhuragaon, is home to 9,845 people living in over Approx. 1900 households.

### Religion

Religions in Bhuragaon :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 57.41% | 57.41% |
| Islam | Islam | 42.13% | 42.13% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.46% | 0.46% |
According to the 2011 Census, Hindus form the majority in the area at 57.41% (5,648), while Muslims form a significant minority at 42.13% (4,144). Others or not stated account for 0.46% (46).
In 1951, Hindus, particularly Assamese people, were also the majority in the Bhuragaon Revenue Circle. However, over time, they became a minority due to large-scale immigration from Bangladesh, mainly from Mymensingh, and higher birth rates among the Miya Muslims in the past.

### Language

Languages spoken in Morigaon district (2011)
According to the 2011 census, 73.02% of the population speaks Assamese, followed by 22.18% Bengali, 1.41% Hindi and 1.21% Bodo speakers. 2.18% of the population speak other languages like Tiwa, Nepali, etc.

## Climate

Bhuragaon, like the rest of Assam, experiences a humid subtropical climate with high levels of rainfall throughout the year. The climate is characterized by hot summers, mild winters, and high humidity levels.
The summer season in Bhuragaon starts from March and lasts till June. During this period, the temperature ranges from 25 °C to 35 °C, with occasional heat waves that can push the temperature up to 40 °C. The humidity levels are also high during this period, which can make the weather feel hotter and more uncomfortable.
The monsoon season in Bhuragaon starts in June and lasts till September. During this period, the town receives a significant amount of rainfall, which can sometimes lead to flooding and landslides. The average annual rainfall in Bhuragaon is around 1600 mm, with the highest amount of rainfall occurring in July and August.
The winter season in Bhuragaon starts in November and lasts till February. During this period, the temperature ranges from 10 °C to 20 °C, and the humidity levels are relatively low. The weather is generally pleasant during this period, making it a popular time for tourists to visit the town and explore its natural beauty.

## Politics

Bhuragaon is represented in the Assam Legislative Assembly by the member of the legislative assembly (MLA) from the Morigaon (Assembly constituency), which includes Bhuragaon. The MLA is elected by the residents of the constituency every five years and is responsible for representing their interests in the state legislature.
Rama Kanta Dewri was elected to the Assam Legislative Assembly from Morigaon in the 2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election as a member of the ruling Bhartiya Janata Party. Earlier it was part of the Laharighat Assembly constituency.
Bhurgaon is part of Nowgong (Lok Sabha constituency). Pradyut Bordoloi is the current MP from Nowgong Parliament Constituency.

## Education

Bhuragaon, like many other towns in India, places great importance on education as a means of promoting social and economic development. The town has a number of educational institutions that offer primary, secondary, and higher education to the residents of the town and the surrounding areas, which have played a significant role in promoting education and literacy in the region.
At the primary level, Bhuragaon has several government-run and private schools that offer education up to the fifth standard. These schools follow the curriculum prescribed by the Assam State Board of Education and provide basic education in subjects such as languages, mathematics, science, and social studies.
At the secondary level, there are several government and private schools that offer education up to the tenth standard. These schools provide education in a wide range of subjects and prepare students for the Assam High School Leaving Certificate (HSLC) examination, which is a crucial milestone in the educational journey of students in Assam.
Bhuragaon is also home to a college that offer undergraduate courses in various disciplines, including arts, science, and commerce. These colleges are affiliated with the Gauhati University, which is one of the largest universities in the region.

### Schools

| S.No | Name of Schools |
| 1 | Shankardev Shishu Vidya Niketan, Bhuragaon |
| 2 | Bhuragaon Haricharan Sarkar HS School |
| 3 | Bhuragaon Adarsha ME School |
| 4 | Bhuragaon Jatiya Vidyalay |
| 5 | Modern Markaz Academy |

### Colleges

| S.No | Name of Colleges | Refs. |
| 1 | Bhuragaon College | |
| 2 | Gerua Kabiram boro junior College | |

## Culture

The culture of Bhuragaon is deeply rooted in the Assamese culture and traditions, which have been passed down through generations.
The people of Bhuragaon are predominantly engaged in agriculture.

### Cusine

Assamese cuisine is known for its simplicity, rich flavors, and use of indigenous ingredients. The local cuisine is primarily influenced by the abundance of rice and fish in the region.
Some of the popular dishes of Bhuragaon include Bilahi Maas, a tangy fish curry cooked with tomatoes, is another favorite. Pigeon curry is often prepared during special occasions like Bihu and New year, while Til Gahori, pork cooked with black sesame seeds, is a beloved dish in many Assamese households. For a simpler meal, Poita Bhaat, fermented rice soaked overnight, is commonly enjoyed with mustard oil and chilies.
The local language of Bhuragaon is Assamese, but Bengali and Hindi are also widely spoken.

## Health

There is one primary healthcare center in Bhuragaon, which is operated by the government and provides basic medical care to the residents of the town. The healthcare center has a limited number of doctors, nurses, and other healthcare staff, and lacks adequate resources and equipment. As a result, many people in Bhuragaon have to travel to nearby cities like Nagaon or Guwahati to access better healthcare services.
Overall, while the healthcare infrastructure in Bhuragaon is limited, the government is taking steps to improve healthcare services and control the spread of communicable and non-communicable diseases. The town also has several non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and community-based organizations that work to improve healthcare access and awareness among the residents.

## Transport
### Road

The National Highway 715A will pass through Bhuragaon. it will be a spur road of National Highway 15. This highway will link the town with the Jagiroad, where NH37, a part of the East-West Corridor, will pass towards the state capital, Guwahati. Additionally, it will lead towards the Indo-Bhutan border (Samrang).
Proposed Bhuragaon-Kharupetia Bridge will also pass through Bhuragaon. It will connect Kharupetia in Darrang district on the northern bank with Bhuragaon in Morigaon District on the southern bank.
The town is well connected by buses, especially to Guwahati, Upper Assam, and Lower Assam. Three-wheelers and four-wheelers like buses and vans are used for transport. In the town and nearby areas, e-rickshaws (tuk-tuk) and auto rickshaws are the primary means of transportation.

### Rail

The railway station serving Bhuragaon is Jagiroad. Which was situated Approximately 42Km South-West of Bhuragaon.
The Guwahati-Lumding line of Indian Railway passes through Jagiroad Railway Station. Many intercity and passenger trains have stoppage in this station.
Another Railway Station from Bhuragaon is Mairabari Railway Station.The distance between Bhuragaon and Mairabari is 22 Km. There was an passenger train, Guwahati - Mairabari Kolongpar Passenger (55603) from Mairabari Railway Station via Haibargaon-Chaparmukh Line.

### Air

Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport, also known as Gauhati International Airport (IATA: GAU), which falls under the city of Guwahati is the nearest airport from Bhuragaon.

### Water

The waterways transportation services in Bhuragaon are used for transporting bulk goods and for movement of passenger. Items like corn, mustard, peanuts, jute, etc., were traded and transported through this route.
Ferry services are available to take people between different ports in Bhuragaon along the Brahmaputra River to Badlichar, and other places in Darrang District.

## Tourism
### Patekibori

The great poet saint of Assam, Srimanta Sankardeva, was born in the year 1449 at a small village called Patekibori near Bhuragaon in Marigaon district. The famous Patekibori Satra also situated in Patekibori.

### Barshibandha

Bull fighting began in the Ahom era. But it was very extensive. This game is still played at Barshibandha, Morigaon. The first time is on Magh Bihu and the second time is on 26 January on the occasion of Democracy Day.

### Rajagadhuwa

There was an place called Rajagadhuwa near Bhuragaon Town. In local language, Raja means King and Dhuwa means wash, so the term Rajagadhuwa means a place where the king takes bath in past.

### Shivbari

An ancient temple of Hindu god Shiva has located in Shivari, near the Bhuragaon Bazar. On the month of july-august, a yearly mela held here.

### Sonduba

There are many sources of information about the historical Sondoba River in the Bhuragaon area of Morigaon district. In local assamese Language, xun or son means gold and duba means sink or immerse. Thus, the word Sonduba means a place, where gold has immersed. The Sondoba River flows from the Bardowa Shanti Jan and flows later from the confluence of Sonai and Lali. According to legend, the Sondoba River existed a hundred years before the birth of Mahapurusha Sankardeva.  There was a temple of lord Ganesha in Sonduba, Bhuragaon. Where, a banyan tree has a shape like the face of Ganesha.

### Basnaghat

The name Basnaghat has been pronounced ‘Basonaghat’ by the local Bengali speaking peoples. However, the birth name of the place is Baxonaghat. It is said that, a Tiwa king had lust with his queen at this place. Therefore, the place is called Basnaghat.

### Mayong

Mayong is a small village located near Bhuragaon and is known for its association with black magic and witchcraft. The village is home to several practitioners of traditional magic and is a popular destination for those interested in mysticism and the occult.

## Notable People

* Anil Raza - Former general secretary, Assam Pradesh Congress Committee.
* Abdul Jalil - Former member of Assam legislative assembly (MLA) from Laharighat consistuency in 1985. He was an member of Congress (I).
* Haricharan Sarkar - Founder of Bhuragaon Haricharan Sarkar High School.
* Babul Bora - Former General Secretary, Srimanta Sankaradeva Sangha.