OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Macer Gifford

Harry Rowe (born 1987), known as Macer Gifford, is a British former currency trader and volunteer fighter and medic who, between mid-2015 and 2017, travelled to Syria to fight with the Kurdish YPG militia against the Islamic State group, and as of 2022, is a volunteer medic and recruiter for the Ukrainian Foreign Legion in Ukraine. He took his identity from National Hunt jockey Macer Gifford, the brother of four-time champion jockey Josh Gifford. He spent five months fighting with the YPG in 2015 before returning to the UK in 2015. In 2016 he completed a second tour with the YPG in Syria. In Ukraine, Gifford is reportedly "running a battlefield first aid training programme that he first pioneered with the Kurds [in Syria]."

## Early life and career

Gifford is from Cambridge. He has previously been a Conservative Party councillor, and previously had no military training.
In 2016, Gifford took part in fighting around Manbij with the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), who were clearing the city of Manbij of ISIS forces.
After returning from Syria in 2015, he was initially barred from speaking at the University of London Union because the Union's events officer feared that his talk might encourage others to travel to fight in Syria. The decision was reversed after a petition calling on the Union to let Gifford speak was signed by 1,400 people and the Metropolitan Police advised the Union that it was 'legally acceptable' for the event to take place.
Gifford is attempting to set up a medical aid charity. He is currently fighting with the Syriac Military Council.
# Sun-Shooting Tower

The Sun-Shooting Tower (Chinese: 射日塔; pinyin: Shèrì Tǎ) or Chiayi Tower is a tower built inside Chiayi Park, East District, Chiayi City, Taiwan.

## Architecture

The tower stands at a height of 62 meters. Its exterior designed was inspired by a giant sacred tree in Alishan. The brown aluminum pattern mimics the wood grain of the tree and the center is left with a 40-meter-high (130 ft) empty space that mimics the crack in the center of that giant sacred tree.
The interior bronze sculpture is inspired by the "Sun-Shooting" legend of Taiwanese indigenous peoples. This bronze-made sculpture is 24 meters tall and 3 meters wide.
The tower features an observation deck, a café and a small rooftop garden.

## Transportation

The tower is accessible within walking distance southeast from Beimen Station of the Alishan Forest Railway or using Chiayi County Bus from Chiayi Station of Taiwan Railways Administration.
# Ida Gawell-Blumenthal

Ida Albertina Gawell-Blumenthal (4 November 1869 – 14 May 1953) was a Swedish author, storyteller, and singer, known under the name Delsbostintan.

## Biography

Gawell-Blumenthal was the daughter of a priest from Arbrå. She is best known under the pseudonym Delsbostintan, under which she first performed in 1895 at Skansen as a performer of folk songs and stories from Hälsingland. She toured for many years in the Nordic countries as well as Swedish communities in the US, as a storyteller of humorous Hälsingland stories, often with musical illustrations on the spilåpipa and singing.
She moved to Stockholm in 1895 for studies at the Technical School and was married from 1898 to 1921 to the physician Moritz Blumenthal, who died in 1923.

## Awards

Ida Gawell-Blumenthal received the royal medal Litteris et Artibus in 1929. In 2003, on the 50th anniversary of her death, a statue of her was erected in the square in Delsbo.
# Lyndsie Fogarty

Lyndsie Fogarty (born 17 April 1984 in Brisbane, Queensland) is an Australian sprint canoeist who has competed since the late 2000s. She won a bronze medal in at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing in the K-4 500 m event.
# Martin Graiciar

Martin Graiciar (born 11 April 1999) is a Czech professional footballer who last played as a forward for Canadian club York United.

## Career

Graiciar spent time on loan at Arsenal's youth setup. He went on loan to Liberec from Fiorentina in January 2017. He made his senior league debut for Liberec on 11 March 2017 in a Czech First League 1–0 loss at Plzeň. He scored his first league goals on 19 August in Liberec's 3–0 away win at Mladá Boleslav, when he scored twice.
On 9 July 2019, Graiciar joined to his former club Sparta Prague on loan with an option to buy.
On 7 January 2022, Graiciar signed a two-year contract with Canadian Premier League side York United, with a club option for a further year. However, he suffered an injury in preseason and never appeared for the club, with him and the club ultimately opting to mutually terminate the contract.
# Komalwy

Komalwy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świątki, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.
Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).
# Bernardo Tobar Prado

Bernardo Tobar Prado (born 14 December 1977) is a Colombian sports shooter. He competed in the men's 25 metre rapid fire pistol event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# José Rodríguez (judoka)

José Rafael Rodríguez Carbonell (born 28 March 1959) is a Cuban former judoka who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Commentator

Commentator or commentators may refer to:
* Commentator (historical) or Postglossator, a member of a European legal school that arose in France in the fourteenth century
* Commentator (horse) (foaled 2001), American Thoroughbred racehorse
* The Commentator or Ibn Rushd or Averroes (1126–1198), Andalusian philosopher
* "The Commentators", a 1985 single by Rory Bremner
* Oregon Commentator, formerly a student publication at the University of Oregon
* Political commentator or pundit
* Sports commentator or sportscaster
* The Commentator, a political website published by Robin Shepherd
* The Commentator, formerly a student publication at Texas A&M University
* The Commentator, student newspaper at Yeshiva College
# Dwi-Madhyama Panchama Varja Ragas

Dwi-Madhyama Panchama Varja ragas is a melakarta scheme of Carnatic music of South India, mentioned in the Ashtotharasata (108) mela scheme. In this scheme the regular 72 mela ragas are expanded to 108, by including the possible 36 vikritha panchama melas. The 36 additional melakartas take both the madhyamas and do not have the panchama, in which the prathi madhyama is sung in place of panchama.

## Origins

S. Kalyanaraman, popularly known as SKR, was a legendary vocalist in the Carnatic tradition. Hailing from a famed musical family, where his great-grandfather was Komal Muthu Bhagavathar and his grand uncle was the celebrated vocalist Madirimangalam Natesa Iyer, S. Kalyanaraman became one of the foremost disciples of G. N. Balasubramaniam and established himself as an original musician in his own right. Kalyanaraman's music undeniably bore the GNB mudra.
Later Kalyanaraman ventured deeper into the scales and came up with the 36 Dwi madhyama panchama varja ragams.

## Example

For example, the scale of Mayamalavagowla is
* Arohana : S R1 G3 M1 P D1 N3 S
* Avarohana : S N3 D1 P M1 G3 R1 S
The equivalent raga in the additional 36 ragas is Mayasri's, the scale for which is
* Arohana : S R1 G3 M1 M2 D1 N3 S
* Avarohana : S N3 D1 M2 M1 G3 R1 S
In the above example, the Panchama (P) is replaced by prati madhyama (M2).

## Extended ragas

The name of the mela can be easily found by looking at the first word. All these ragas have the suffix "Sri". Likewise, the scale for all the 36 ragas can be easily derived.
Nomenclature given by Tanjavur S. Kalyanaraman is as follows :
* Kanakangi – Kanagasri
* Rathnangi – Rathnasri
* Ganamurthy – Ganasri
* Vanaspathy – Vanasri
* Manavathi – Manasri
* Thanarupi – Thanasri
* Senavati – Sunadhasri
* Hanuma Thodi – Hanumasri
* Dhenuka – Dhensri
* Natakapriya – Natakasri
* Kokilapriya – Kokilasri
* Roopavathi – Roopasri
* Gayakapriya – Gayakasri
* Vakulabharanam – Vakulasri
* Mayamalavagowla – Mayasri
* Chakravakam – Chakrasri
* Suryakantham – Suryasri
* Hatakambari – Hatasri
* Jhankaradhwani – Jhankarasri
* Natabhairavi – Natasri
* Kiravani – Kiranasri
* Kharaharapriya – Kharasri
* Gowrimanohari – Gowrisri
* VarunaPriya – Varunasri
* Mararanjani – Marasri
* Charukesi – Charusri
* Sarasangi – Sarasri
* Harikamboji – Harisri
* Dheerasankarabharanam – Dheerasri
* Naganandhani – Nagasri
* Yagapriya – Yagasri
* Raghavardhani – Raghasri
* Gangeyabooshani – Gangasri
* Vaghadheeswari – Vaghasri
* Sulini—Sulinisri
* Chalanata – Chalasri
# TPG Tour

The TPG Tour (Tour de Profesionales de Golf) is the principal professional golf tour in Argentina. The tour was formed in 2007, following disputes within the PGA of Argentina, who had operated the main professional tour in the country in previous years.
The tour operated exclusively in Argentina in its inaugural season, but this changed in 2008 with the inclusion of the Carlos Franco Invitational, held in Paraguay. There were seventeen events in 2007 and sixteen in 2008, including the flagship Argentine Open and Argentine Masters, as well as the major regional opens, the South Open, Center Open, North Open and Coast Open.
The TPG Tour developed a close relationship with the higher level Tour de las Américas, with several events being co-sanctioned, which resulted in increased prize funds and stronger fields. Through the Tour de las Américas, some events were also co-sanctioned by the Challenge Tour and the Canadian Tour.

## Order of Merit winners

| Year | Winner | Points |
| 2024 | Ignacio Marino | 1,329 |
| 2023 | Nelson Ledesma (2) | 1,369 |
| 2022 | Jorge Monroy (2) | 2,416,478 |
| 2021 | Martín Contini | 1,055,920 |
| 2020 | Andrés Gallegos | 276,000 |
| 2019 | César Costilla (4) | 472,900 |
| 2018 | Ricardo González | 414,660 |
| 2017 | César Costilla (3) | 355,581 |
| 2016 | Jorge Monroy | 241,176 |
| 2015 | Clodomiro Carranza (2) | 150,107 |
| 2014 | Nelson Ledesma | 184,058 |
| 2013 | César Costilla (2) | 125,424 |
| 2012 | Clodomiro Carranza | 136,427 |
| 2011 | Maximiliano Godoy | 111,343 |
| 2010 | Andrés Romero | 146,340 |
| 2009 | César Costilla | 101,588 |
| 2008 | Estanislao Goya | 159,874 |
| 2007 | Rafael Gómez | 133,780 |
# Master of Weapon

Master of Weapon is a 1989 vertically scrolling shooter arcade video game developed and published by Taito internationally and by Profit-Vend in the USA. A port to the Sega Mega Drive was released in 1990 exclusively in Japan.

## Plot

An entire week of nuclear war on Earth destroys its global environment. The survivors of the war gather their strength and resources in an attempt to bring Earth back to the way it was. Using a supercomputer called God System, the survivors start their first step in rebuilding Earth by having the God System create machines capable cleaning and reconstructing much of what has been lost from the war. However, without warning, a mysterious mutant entity known as "N" takes over the God System; creating three strange guardian statues based on Greek mythological figures, N manipulates the God System's machines and programs in order to attack mankind. The survivors create an artificial human called Yukiwo – built to harness perfect dexterity and strength – as well as a super-powered jet for him to pilot in order to reclaim Earth from N.

## Gameplay

The spaceship starts with a basic photon cannon and air-to-ground bombs. Both of these weapons can fire continuously without a need for pause. The photon cannon can be upgraded five times for up to five streams of photons by collecting P upgrades. Additionally, the exhaust of the ship can be used as a weapon.

### Special Weapons

Special weapons can be collected by picking up boxes with specific labels through destroying transport vessels. These then upgrade the weaponry of the ship.
* P (Piercing) – Essentially the same as the conventional air-to-ground bomb. This is the default special weapon.
* L (Laser) – Very powerful but has a short range. It can attack both air and ground targets.
* G (Guide) – Shoots several green projectiles that track all targets on screen, self-destruct, and destroy the target.
* W (Wide) – A somewhat powerful launch of several projectiles in a star pattern
* H (H-Bomb) – Destroys all enemies on the screen for a few seconds. Can only be used once.
* S – Increases the exhaust of the ship, allows it to damage enemies at a further range and increases movement speed of the ship.

## Reception

Game Machine listed Master of Weapon as being among the most popular arcade games in Japan of June 1989.
# Jan Filip (footballer)

Jan Filip (born 6 March 1994) is a professional Czech football player who currently plays for FK Varnsdorf.
# Kominki

Kominki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kolno, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Kolno and 48 km (30 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.
# Dysphania graveolens

Dysphania graveolens, common name fetid goosefoot, is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae. It is found from Utah, Arizona and west Texas to Guatemala, Peru and northwest Argentina. It has been introduced elsewhere including the east coast of the United States (Maine, Massachusetts and New York state). It has many synonyms, including Chenopodium graveolens and Dysphania incisa. In 2021, the correct name in Dysphania was said to be Dysphania graveolens, although as of 12 April 2022, Plants of the World Online accepted the unpublished name Dysphania incisa.

## Uses

The Zuni people steep the plant in water and inhale the vapor to treat headaches.
# Cubi

The Cubi series is a group of stainless steel sculptures built from cubes, rectangular solids and cylinders with spheroidal or flat endcaps. These pieces are among the last works completed by the sculptor David Smith. The artist died in a car accident on May 23, 1965, soon after the completion of Cubi XXVIII, which may or may not have been the last sculpture he intended to create in this series. The Cubis are among Smith's final experiments in his progression toward a more simplified, abstract form of expression. As an example of modernism, these are representative of the monumental works in industrial materials that characterized much of the sculpture from this period.
Although the Cubis are abstract works composed of geometric shapes, they are ambiguously figural. For example, the pictured Cubi VI appears to be standing on a pair of crossed legs. Like many of the abstract expressionists, Smith possessed the ability to easily switch between an abstract and figurative style of working. His process also involved going back and forth between the different stages of development within a certain style or serial group, as suggested by the Cubis. These sculptures were not completed in the order in which they are numbered, as revealed by the inscriptions (see below) that Smith welded onto the base of each.
Today, the majority of the Cubi works are part of well-known museum collections around the world, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Tate Modern in London and the Art Institute of Chicago. In 2005, Cubi XXVIII was sold at Sotheby's for $23.8 million, breaking a record for the most expensive piece of contemporary art ever sold at auction. "This exceedingly rare work was the pinnacle of a four-decade career," said Tobias Meyer, Sotheby's worldwide head of contemporary art and the auctioneer for the evening.
* Cubi I March 4, 1963
* Cubi II October 25, 1962
* Cubi III November 10, 1961
* Cubi IV January 17, 1963
* Cubi V January 16, 1963
* Cubi VI March 21, 1963
* Cubi VII March 28, 1963
* Cubi VIII December 24, 1962
* Cubi IX October 26, 1961
* Cubi X April 4,1963
* Cubi XI March 30, 1963
* Cubi XII April 7, 1963
* Cubi XIII March 25, 1963
* Cubi XIV September 25, 1963
* Cubi XV September 27, 1963
* Cubi XVI November 4, 1963
* Cubi XVII December 4, 1963
* Cubi XVIII February 14, 1964
* Cubi XIX February 20, 1964
* Cubi XX February 20, 1964
* Cubi XXI April 4, 1964
* Cubi XXII June 5, 1964
* Cubi XXIII November 30, 1964
* Cubi XXIV December 8, 1964
* Cubi XXV January 9, 1965
* Cubi XXVI January 12, 1965
* Cubi XXVII March 5, 1965
* Cubi XXVIII May 5, 1965
# Yasushi Takahashi

Yasushi Takahashi (高橋 康, Takahashi Yasushi, December 12, 1924 – February 12, 2013) was a Japanese theoretical physicist, known for the Ward–Takahashi identity.

## Biography

* 1924 Birth in Osaka
* 1951 B.S. Nagoya University
* Fulbright Scholarships
* 1953 Research associate, University of Rochester
* 1954 D.Sc.
* 1955 Research associate, Iowa State University
* 1957 Scholar, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
* 1958 Associate Professor, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
* 1960 Professor, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
* 1968 Professor, University of Alberta
* 2013 Death in Edmonton

## Memberships

* Fellow of Royal Society of Canada
* Fellow of American Physical Society
* Member of Royal Irish Academy

## Awards

* Soryushi Medal (2003)
# List of mammals of Louisiana

This is a list of all wild mammal species currently found in the U.S. state of Louisiana. Louisiana has a total of 70 mammal species within its borders.
This article presents the common and scientific names for the species, and extra information.

## Eulipotyphla

Eulipotyphla are insectivorous mammals.
| Species | More information |
| Southern short-tailed shrew Blarina carolinensis | Southern short-tailed shrews inhabit roughly every part of Louisiana. |
| Southeastern shrew Sorex longirostris | Southeastern shrews live in the north-eastern region of Louisiana. |
| North American least shrew Cryptotis parva | North American least shrews cover practically every part of Louisiana except for a slight south-eastern strip in the New Orleans region. |

## Bats

Bats are winged, omnivorous mammals capable of taking flight. There are five known species of bats that inhabit throughout the state of Louisiana.
| Species | More information |
| Eastern red bat Lasiurus borealis | Eastern red bat is a somewhat common bat species that lives throughout all of Louisiana. |
| Evening bat Nycticeius humeralis | Evening bats are a bat species that range over the entire southeast half of the United States. |
| Brazilian free-tailed bat Tadarida brasiliensis | Brazilian free-tailed bat are a species of bat that inhabit throughout all of the United States. |
| Big brown bat Eptesicus fuscus | Big brown bats can be found all throughout Louisiana. |
| Eastern pipistrelle Pipistrellus subflavus | Eastern pipistrelles can be found throughout the entire state of Louisiana. |
| Hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus | Hoary bats can be found throughout the entirety of the U.S., including Louisiana. |
| Northern yellow bat Lasiurus intermedius | Northern yellow bats can be found through almost all of Louisiana except the northern cap which borders Arkansas. |
| Rafinesque's big-eared bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii | Rafinesque's big-eared bat covers practically all of Louisiana. |
| Seminole bat Lasiurus seminolus | Seminole bats can be found throughout all of Louisiana. |
| Silver haired bat Lasionycteris noctivagans | Silver haired bats can be found throughout all of Louisiana. |
| Southeastern myotis Myotis austroriparius | Southeastern bats are found in all of north eastern Louisiana. |
# Hasan Agha (Armenian)

Hasan Agha (?—1656) was an Armenian merchant and Ottoman official in 17th century. He was customs officer of Istanbul (1646–1656). He was a brother of Anton Çelebi.
He was to an Orthodox Christian Armenian, an Ottoman subject from Bursa.
He converted to Islam, taking on the name Hasan. He ascended through the ranks of the Ottoman bureaucratic structure to attain the post of customs officer of Istanbul, which he occupied from 1646 to 1656.
He was executed in the Çınar incident in 1656.
# Petr Buchta

Petr Buchta (born 15 July 1992) is a Czech professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Polish club Sandecja Nowy Sącz.
# Thomas Donovan (politician)

Thomas Fanning Donovan (December 17, 1869 – November 17, 1946) was an American politician, businessman, and lawyer.
Donovan was born in Charlotte, Illinois on a farm to parents Patrick and Rachael (Purcell) Donovan and had seven siblings. He was educated in the public schools in Chatsworth, Illinois in Livingston County, Illinois. He then received his bachelor's degree from Valparaiso University in 1893 and then taught school in Danforth, Illinois. He then studied law and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1895. He was the city attorney of Kankakee, Illinois and then was involved in the banking business in Joliet, Illinois. He also chairman of the Joliet Police and Fire Commission and was involved with the Democratic Party. In 1924, Donovan ran for Illinois attorney general and lost the election. From 1933 to 1937, Donovan served as lieutenant governor of Illinois. He died in Chicago, Illinois.

## Personal life

In 1894 Donovan married Alice Aaron. The couple had two daughters, Grace and Gertrude, before Alice died in 1901. In 1905 he married Gertrude M. Nugent and they had two sons, Thomas J. and James.
Donovan was a member of the Roman Catholic Church, the Knights of Columbus, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
# Hollie Grima

Hollie Florance (née Grima, born 16 December 1983 in Launceston, Tasmania) is an Australian women's basketball player. She is 190 cm tall, weighs 84 kg and plays in the Centre position. She attended the Australian Institute of Sport in 2000 to 2002. She was named the WNBL MVP during the 2006–07 season playing for the Bulleen Boomers. During the 2007/08 season she played offshore in the Italian Serie A League suiting up for Italmoka Pozzuoli. She has represented her country on numerous occasions, debuting at the 2002 World Championships in China where the Australian team won bronze. She has also won a silver medal at the 2008 Olympics after missing out on selection during the 2004 Olympics. She was also part of the Australian team that won the gold medal at the world championships in 2006 and the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne. Hollie is of Maltese heritage.

## Personal life

In mid-2011, Grima was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma in situ, an early form of cervical cancer. As a result, she retired from international basketball, and announced that it is unlikely that she would be involved in the 2012 London Olympics.
She is the sister of Australian rules footballers Nathan, Todd and Alex Grima.
# Guillermo Alfredo Torres

Guillermo Alfredo Torres (born February 10, 1959, in San Antonio de los Baños) is a Cuban sport shooter. He competed in skeet shooting events at the Summer Olympics in 1980, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, and 2012.

## Olympic results

| Event | 1980 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2012 |
| Skeet (mixed) | 6th | T-11th | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| Skeet (men) | Not held | Not held | T-20th | T-43rd | T-21st | 30th |
# Koniuszyn

Koniuszyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nidzica, within Nidzica County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.