OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# School Anthem

School Anthem (Korean: 학원별곡; RR: Hagwonbyeolgok; or "School Byeolgok") is the debut studio album by South Korean boy band Sechs Kies. It was released on May 14, 1997, by DSP Entertainment. The album features the hit song, "A Man's Path (Live or Die by Style)" (Hangul: 사나이 가는길 (폼생폼사).

## Background

On April 15, 1997, Sechs Kies debuted with their first single "School Anthem". Sechs Kies immediately gained attention for being a great promotional competitor to H.O.T as the hottest rookie group of the year. A month later, on May 14, 1997, they released a full-length album named after the title track, "School Anthem". They also promoted the album with the songs "A Man's Path (Live or Die by Style)", "Remember Me", and "Heartbreak".
The album reportedly sold 600,000 copies, but a former manager of the group says the album may have exceeded around 1.7-1.8 million copies. Since there were no official records for album sales before September 1998, this could mean that this total comes from the sales made in that year, which would also include the sales of their next album, Welcome to the Sechskies Land, released in November that same year.

## Reception

The title track, "School Anthem" called out the problematic education system that obsessed over grades with its lyrics. Paired together with a strong rap beat, the song appealed to teenagers the month. Their acrobatic dance moves and their signature "back down" dance move, showcased how capable this group was and ranked them within Gayo Top 10's (Hangul: 가요톱10) top 20 list.
The track "School Anthem" was covered by a 3rd generation boy band, BTS in a mashup that included H.O.T's "Warrior's Descendant" and their own debut track, "No More Dream" for an end-of-the-year performance at the 2013 MBC Gayo Daejejeon.
The song, "A Man's Path (Live or Die by Style)" has been covered by several boy groups, such as SS501, (who were part of DSP Media at the time), U-Kiss, VIXX, as well as by the rookie group SF9.

## Music videos

Daesung Entertainment released music videos for two of the songs on the album. One of the music videos is for the title track School Anthem, which contains various clips of students in school, self camera shots of the members singing and rapping, and the entire group dancing.
The second song is for A Man's Path (Live or Die by Style). The song used in the music video is the remix version, and contains various clips of the group dancing and having fun. There are two versions of the music video for this track.

## Track listing

Bolded tracks are noted as the promotional tracks of the album.
# Charles Sergison

Charles Sergison (11 January 1655 – 26 November 1732) was an English Royal Navy administrator and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1698 to 1702.
Sergison became a clerk in one of the Royal Naval dockyards in 1671 and by 1685 was a principal officer and commissioner of the Royal Navy. In 1693 he occupied Cuckfield Place House (now Cuckfield Park) in Sussex which he later purchased from the Bowyer family. He lived at Cuckfield Place until his death
In 1698, Sergison was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for New Shoreham. He held the seat until 1702.
Sergison continued to work in the Admiralty as Clerk of the Accounts until his retirement in 1719. He built a large collection of papers relating to Admiralty orders to the Navy Board between 1603 and 1717. These papers have subsequently been published.
Sergison died without issue at Cuckfield aged 77 and was buried at Holy Trinity Church. The bulk of his estate passed to his great-nephew Thomas Warden, who had married one of his nieces, and who assumed the surname of Sergison thereafter by a private act of Parliament, Thomas Warden's Name Act 1732 (6 Geo. 2. c. 18 Pr.). His house, Cuckfield Park, stayed within the Sergison family until the early 1970s.
# Chemical clock

A chemical clock (or clock reaction) is a complex mixture of reacting chemical compounds in which the onset of an observable property (discoloration or coloration) occurs after a predictable induction time due to the presence of clock species at a detectable amount. In cases where one of the reagents has a visible color, crossing a concentration threshold can lead to an abrupt color change after a reproducible time lapse.

## Types

Clock reactions may be classified into three or four types:

### Substrate-depletive clock reaction

The simplest clock reaction featuring two reactions:
    A → C (rate k$_1$)
    B + C → products (rate k$_2$, fast)
When substrate (B) is present, the clock species (C) is quickly consumed in the second reaction. Only when substrate B is all used up or depleted, species C can build up in amount causing the color to change. An example for this clock reaction is the sulfite/iodate reaction or iodine clock reaction, also known as Landolt's reaction.
Sometimes, a clock reaction involves the production of intermediate species in three consecutive reactions.
    P + Q → R
    R + Q → C
    P + C → 2R
Given that Q is in excess, when substrate (P) is depleted, C builds up resulting in the change in color.

### Autocatalysis-driven clock reaction

The basis of the reaction is similar to substrate-depletive clock reaction, except for the fact that rate k$_2$ is very slow leading to the co-existing of substrates and clock species, so there is no need for substrate to be depleted to observe the change in color. The example for this clock is pentathionate/iodate reaction.

### Pseudoclock behavior

The reactions in this category behave like a clock reaction, however they are irreproducible, unpredictable and hard to control. Examples are chlorite/thiosulfate and iodide/chlorite reactions.

### Crazy clock reaction

The reaction is irreproducible in each run due to the initial inhomogeneity of the mixture which result from variation in stirring rate, overall volume as well as geometry of the reactors. Repeating the reaction in the statistically meaningful manners leads to the reproducible cumulative probability distribution curve. The example for this clock is iodate/arsenous acid reaction.
One reaction may fall into more than one classification above depending on the circumstance. For example, iodate−arsenous acid reaction can be substrate-depletive clock reaction, autocatalysis-driven clock reaction and crazy clock reaction.

## Examples

One class of example is the iodine clock reactions, in which an iodine species is mixed with redox reagents in the presence of starch. After a delay, a dark blue color suddenly appears due to the formation of a triiodide-starch complex.
Additional reagents can be added to some chemical clocks to build a chemical oscillator. For example, the Briggs–Rauscher reaction is derived from an iodine clock reaction by adding perchloric acid, malonic acid and manganese sulfate.
# Davit Chaloyan

Davit Chaloyan (Armenian: Դավիթ Չալոյան; born 30 September 1997 in Gyumri) is an Armenian boxer. He competed at the 2021 AIBA World Boxing Championships, winning the silver medal in the super heavyweight event. He also competed at the 2022 European Amateur Boxing Championships in the super heavyweight event. He defeated Suraj Soldo in the preliminary round.
He qualified to represent Armenia at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
# Carnival of Venice (disambiguation)

The Carnival of Venice is an annual festival held in Venice, Italy.
Carnival of Venice may also refer to:
* Carnival of Venice (song), a song based on a Neapolitan folk tune
* The Carnival of Venice (1939 film), an Italian comedy film
* The Carnival of Venice (1928 film), an Italian silent drama film
# Saint Lea

Saint Lea (died c. 383) is a fourth-century saint in the Roman Catholic Church based on the authority of Jerome.
Lea of Rome is known only through the testimony of her beloved friend, the learned Saint Jerome. Jerome, a scholarly monk best known for his Latin translation of the Bible (the Vulgate), is the Church's only source of information on St. Lea, whose biographical details are unknown. A noblewoman of Rome, born into wealth and privilege, she was a contemporary of Jerome. However, soon after her marriage she was widowed and left very sound financially. Instead of retiring as a wealthy widow, however, she joined a convent of consecrated virgins in the city—shedding all the money and social standing she possessed. In later years she was named the prioress of the convent. Saint Lea supported the house run by Marcella, working as a menial servant, and later served as the group's superior.
It appears that she died in 384 while St. Jerome and St. Marcella were reading and working on Psalm 73. In a letter relaying her death to others within the city of Rome, St. Jerome writes to St. Marcella that St. Lea, a woman of austerity, obedience and remarkable penances had died. He described her as “blessed,” emphasizing the woman's virtues as being worthy of heaven. Jerome provides no biography for Lea, for he assumes that Marcella knows Lea, and concentrates instead upon her virtues.
Jerome draws a parallel with parable of Lazarus and Dives:
   Who will praise the blessed Lea as she deserves? She renounced painting her face and adorning her head with shining pearls. She exchanged her rich attire for sackcloth, and ceased to command others in order to obey all. She dwelt in a corner with a few bits of furniture; she spent her nights in prayer, and instructed her companions through her example rather than through protests and speeches. And she looked forward to her arrival in heaven in order to receive her recompense for the virtues which she practiced on earth.
He then compares her with a consul who had lived in wealth and would find himself in agony in the afterlife and exhorts Marcella to serve Jesus rather than the world. Jerome ends his letter by urging Marcella to remember the lesson of St. Lea's life:
   We must not allow … money to weigh us down, or lean upon the staff of worldly power. We must not seek to possess both Christ and the world. No; things eternal must take the place of things transitory; and since, physically speaking, we daily anticipate death, if we wish for immortality we must realize that we are but mortal.
Jerome's use of the adjective "blessed" is taken as sufficient evidence for Lea's veneration by the Roman Catholic Church, where her feast day is March 22.
The name Lea is likely a derivation of Leah coming from a Hebrew word meaning "weary"; or from a Chaldean name meaning "mistress" or "ruler" in Akkadian. In Genesis 29, Leah is seen as being Jacob's first wife and the mother of seven of his children.

## Book of Saints – Lea

* Monks of Ramsgate.ea Book of Saints, 1921.. CatholicSaints.Info. 4 November 2014. Web. 12 January 2018. st lea is the patrion saint of obedience
# Scripps League Newspapers

Scripps League Newspapers, Inc. was a newspaper publishing company in the United States founded by Josephine Scripps in 1921 and managed beginning in 1931 by her son Ed Scripps (1909–1997). Based in Herndon, Virginia, the chain was separate from the larger E. W. Scripps Company begun by Ed's grandfather, Edward Willis Scripps.
The chain eventually grew to 51 small newspapers including The Daily Herald of Provo, Utah; Napa Valley Register of Napa, Calif.; Newport Daily Express of Newport, Vt., The Hanford Sentinel of Hanford, Calif., Arizona Daily Sun of Flagstaff, Ariz., and Haverhill Gazette in Massachusetts.

## History

In December 1975, Scripps League Newspapers spun off a number of numbers to form a new company called Pioneer Newspapers, Inc. (which later became Pioneer News Group). This enterprise would be owned and operated by James George Scripps, who was the brother of Scripps League chairman Edward W. Scripps.
In May 1976, the partnership between Scripps League Newspapers and Hagadone Newspapers Co. ended after 47 years. Hagadone purchased six newspapers and eleven became fully owned by Scripps.
Pulitzer Publishing Company bought Scripps League for about $230 million in 1996. In 2005, Lee Enterprises bought the Pulitzer newspaper division.
# Bullia digitalis

Bullia digitalis, the finger plough shell , plough snail or surfing snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Nassariidae, the Nassa mud snails or dog whelks.
These dominant scavengers are attracted by the scent of decaying animal matter from a considerable distance so that they converge from all directions to feed.

## Description

Length: 60 mm
Narrow, smooth shell with a long, pointed spire, usually light yellow or creamy, often tinged with violet or yellow. The large, oval foot is offwhite. The operculum has serrated margins.
The ovate shell is elongated, subturreted, smooth and polished. It is of a reddish yellow color. The shell is composed of seven whorls, hardly convex. The suture which separates them is simple, shallow and submargined. The apex is moderately pointed. Pretty prominent striae of growth are seen upon the lowest whorl. The ovate aperture is smooth, widened at the middle and strongly emarginated at its base. The columella is yellowish, smooth and arched. A keel, continues from the upper third of the aperture to the base of the outer lip. The space between the keel and the edge of the lip is filled with oblique folds. The outer lip is simple, thin, sharp, and slightly effuse towards the middle.

## Distribution

Lower east, south, south-west and west coast of South Africa. Best viewing: Kei Mouth.

## Status

Common to locally very common; the dominant plough shell on Atlantic shores.

## Habitat

Sandy beaches along the surf zone, low on the shore from middle tidal zone seawards where the sand is not too coarse.

## Behaviour

When the tide starts to rise, this snail emerges from the sand, spreads its large "foot" like a sail, and surfs up the beach in response to the smell of carrion. The large foot is also used to burrow into the sand when the tide recedes. Sticks its proboscis into the prey to suck up soft tissues. Often gathers in large numbers to feed on dead and stranded jellyfish and bluebottles.

## Similar species

Various plough shells on the southern African coast look similar, including Bullia rhodostoma on the south coast and Bullia natalensis (pleated plough shell) on the coast of KwaZulu-Natal. B. digitalis however does not have pleated whorls like the pleated plough shell. All the common plough shells on the coast can only de differentiated for each other by their colour.
# Winifred Dawson

Winifred Dawson (born Winifred Arnott; 5 February 1929 — 22 August 2014) was a librarian, biographer and close friend of Philip Larkin.

## Biography

Winifred Dawson was born in Stourbridge, Worcestershire, and spent her early life in North East England. Her parents were Samuel Clauson Arnott, an electrical engineer, and Bertha Arnott. At the start of the Second World War she was evacuated to Lisburn in Northern Ireland, where she lived with her father's relations until the German bombing of Belfast, when she was evacuated to a Huguenot castle on the coast of the Irish Sea.
She studied English at Queen's University Belfast, graduating in 1949. She worked as a cataloguer in Queen's Great Library, and completed postgraduate studies at Birkbeck College in London.
In 1954 she married Geoffrey Bradshaw, who worked for the Ministry of Defence in London, and the couple had three children. Their marriage ended in divorce in 1976. Dawson remarried in 1981 to Grant Dawson.
In 2014 she self-published the biography The Porter's Daughter, the life of Amy Audrey Locke. She came across the story of historian Amy Audrey Locke whilst working as a librarian at St Swithun's school in Winchester.
She was a committed member of the Larkin Society and enjoyed travel, hill walking, and singing in choirs.
Dawson died in 2014 from a stroke, aged 85.

### Friendship with Philip Larkin

Dawson was a close friend of the poet Philip Larkin. The relationship between them has been described as a 'romantic friendship'. They met at Queen's University Belfast in the 1950s, where Dawson worked as a library assistant and Larkin as a librarian.
Dawson was the inspiration and subject of several of Philip Larkin's poems, including Lines on a Young Lady's Photograph Album; Latest Face; Maiden Name; He Hears That His Beloved Has Become Engaged; and Long Roots Moor Summer to Our Side of Earth.
Dawson read one of Larkin's poems at the unveiling of the Larkin plaque at King's Cross station in London. She had friendships with other women connected to Larkin, including Maeve Brennan, Jean Hartley, and Larkin's former fiancée Ruth Siverns.
In the Selected Letters of Philip Larkin, 26 are to Dawson, many of which date from her time studying for a postgraduate diploma in librarianship in London. Philip Larkin's letters to Dawson are held at the Bodleian Library, University of Oxford. Dawson's letters to Larkin, along with a photograph album that inspired Larkin's poem Lines on a Young Lady's Photograph Album, are held at Hull History Centre.
# Balázs Szép

Balázs Szép (born 18 October 1999) is a Hungarian modern pentathlete.

## Career

A member of Újpest Torna Egylet, he began competing internationally for Hungary in 2022. He won bronze in the individual event and silver in the team event at the 2022 World Modern Pentathlon Championships in Alexandria, Egypt. He then won silver in the men's relay at the 2023 World Modern Pentathlon Championships in Bath, England.
He won silver in the men's individual leg of the 2024 Modern Pentathlon World Cup in Budapest in April 2024. Alongside Michelle Gulyas, he won the mixed relay title at the UIPM Modern Pentathlon World Cup Final 2024 in Ankara.
He won silver in the individual and gold in the team event at the 2024 World Modern Pentathlon Championships in June 2024 in Zhengzhou, China. He competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in 2024.
# Erik Larsson (ice hockey)

Erik Waldemar "Burret" Larsson (18 January 1905 – 8 March 1970) was a Swedish ice hockey, football and bandy player, best known for representing Hammarby IF in all three sports. He won the silver medal with Sweden's ice hockey team in the 1928 Winter Olympics.

## Athletic career
### Ice hockey

In 1924, at age 17, Larsson made his debut for Hammarby IF in the Klass I, Sweden's top division. He would go on to form a feared forward line with Helge Johansson and Sigfrid Öberg in the upcoming years. In 1928, Larsson competed in the Winter Olympics in St. Moritz with Sweden, and won the silver medal. In total, Larsson played 11 international games for his country. He is a recipient of the honorary award Stora Grabbars Märke, handed out by the Swedish Ice Hockey Association. He won two Swedish championships – in 1932 and 1933 – with Hammarby IF, the club's first domestic titles. After 13 seasons with the club, Larsson retired from ice hockey in 1936. He returned to Hammarby IF a few years later, working as the head coach for two seasons between 1938 and 1940.

### Football

In 1924–25, Larsson made his debut for Hammarby IF in Allsvenskan, the inaugural season of Sweden's new first-tier football league. He played 11 games as a midfielder, scoring two goals, but was unable to save the club from a relegation. He continued to play football with the club in Division 2, the second tier, until 1933 and made 79 league appearances in total.

### Bandy

Larsson also played bandy with Hammarby IF. In the 1920s, Hammarby pushed for a Swedish Championship title, which by then was decided by a cup, but got knocked out in the later stages of the play-offs. In 1931, Larsson competed in the inaugural season of Allsvenskan, a national league.
# Arundel Herald Extraordinary

Arundel Herald of Arms Extraordinary is a supernumerary Officer of Arms in England. Though a royal herald, Arundel is not a member of the College of Arms, and was originally a private herald in the household of Thomas Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel. The first herald, John Cosoun, is known to have served the Earl both in Portugal in 1413 and later in France, where he attended his dying master in October 1415. The title was revived in 1727 as Herald Extraordinary.
A badge was assigned to Arundel in 1958, derived from a badge of the Fitzalan earls of the fourteenth century, and a supporter in the arms of the present Earl Marshal of England. It is blazoned A Horse courant Argent in its mouth a Sprig of Oak proper.

## Holders of the office

| Arms | Name | Date of appointment |
| Herald of the Earl of Arundel ||||
| | John Cosoun | (1413) |
| Herald Extraordinary ||||
| | Charles Greene | 9 October 1727 |
| | Francis Huchenson | September 1735 |
| | John Cheale | 16 November 1741 |
| | Thomas Bewes | 26 May 1762 |
| | Walter Aston Blount | 19 July 1830 |
| | Dermot Michael Macgregor Morrah | 27 April 1953 |
| | Rodney Onslow Dennys | 1 October 1982–1993 |
| | Alan Roger Dickins | 7 October 1998–2016 |
| | Anne Curry | 3 May 2022 |
# Dionysius the Areopagite

Dionysius the Areopagite (/daɪəˈnɪsiəs/; Ancient Greek: Διονύσιος ὁ Ἀρεοπαγίτης Dionysios ho Areopagitēs) was an Athenian judge at the Areopagus Court in Athens, who lived in the first century. A convert to Christianity, he is venerated as a saint by multiple denominations.

## Life

As related in the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 17:34), he was converted to Christianity by the preaching of Paul the Apostle, being first stirred to Christian doctrine by Paul's sermon at the Areopagus:
   Howbeit certain men clave unto him, and believed: among the which was Dionysius the Areopagite, and a woman named Damaris, and others with them.
After his conversion, Dionysius became the first Bishop of Athens, though he is sometimes counted as the second after Hierotheus. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches. He is the patron saint of Athens and is venerated as the protector of judges and the judiciary. His memory is celebrated on October 3.

## Historic confusions

In the early sixth century the so-called Corpus Dionysiacum, a series of writings of a mystical nature, employing Neoplatonic language to elucidate Christian theological and mystical ideas, was ascribed to the Areopagite. Its author is now known as Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite. A minority of scholars, including Romanian theologian Dumitru Stăniloae, argue in favor of authenticity citing internal historical details and the existence of explicit citations of Dionysius predating Proclus by writers such as Dionysius of Alexandria and Gregory Nazianzus. Even Proclus himself appears to cite an external authority for a euphemism ("flowers and supersubstantial lights") when the said verbiage is found explicitly in the Corpus Dionysiacum.
Dionysius has been misidentified with the martyr Dionysius, the first Bishop of Paris. However, this mistake by a ninth-century writer is ignored and each saint is commemorated on his respective day.

## Modern references

In Athens there are two large churches bearing his name, one in Kolonaki on Skoufa Street, while the other is the Catholic Metropolis of Athens, on Panepistimiou Street. The pedestrian walkway around the Acropolis, which passes through the rock of the Areios Pagos, also bears his name.
Dionysius is the patron saint of the Gargaliani of Messenia, as well as in the village of Dionysi in the south of the prefecture of Heraklion. The village was named after him and is the only village of Crete with a church in honor of Saint Dionysios Areopagitis.