# C3orf80

Membrane protein C3orf80 (C3orf80) is a human protein encoded by the C3orf80 gene.

## Gene

C3orf80 is on chromosome 3 from 160,225,422 to 160,228,213 bp. It spans 2,792 bases on the plus strand and contains only one exon.
Neighboring genes of C3orf80 include IFT80, BRD7P2, and SMC4.
| Gene | Orientation | Location | Function |
| IFT80 | Minus strand | 160,256,986-160,399,880 | Part of IFT complex B |
| BRD7P2 | Plus strand | 160,100,691-160,102,912 | Pseudogene of BRD7 |
| SMC4 | Plus strand | 160,399,274-160,434,954 | Part of the condensin complex |

## Transcript

The mRNA transcript of human C3orf80 contains no introns, has only one isoform, and the complete sequence has been found.

### Expression

Expression of C3orf80 is highest in the cerebral cortex, esophagus, and colon. A higher expression of C3orf80 has been observed from multiple sclerosis brain lesions. Expression of C3orf80 has also been found by machine learning to be associated with different forms of cancer. A two-fold increase in expression was found in low-grade glioma based on whether the cells expressed CMTM3 or not. A 107.61 fold increase in expression was seen after inhibition of CLIC1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. C3orf80 was one of three genes' expression levels found to form the best machine learning model for predicting invasive carcinoma. Finally, C3orf80 was one of 34 genes used in a machine learning model to predict if patients had a response to FOLFIRI chemotherapy.

## Protein

C3orf80 is 247 amino acids long, has a molecular weight of 25.6 kDa before modifications, and has been proven to exist at the protein level, however, the tertiary structure is unknown. The protein is annotated to be a single-pass membrane protein, localizing at the cell membrane. The amino acid sequence of C3orf80 contains a signal peptide, transmembrane region, disordered region, glycosylation, and domain of unknown function 4719 (DUF4719).
Within humans, there is 0.02 ppm of C3orf80, a relatively low amount compared to other proteins. Immunochemical staining has shown protein localization in cilia of glandular cells of the human fallopian tube.

## Evolution
### Orthologs

Orthologs of human C3orf80 are specific to vertebrates. The farthest ortholog of human C3orf80 is found in Callorhinchus milii, with a date of divergence of 462 million years ago. Orthologs can be found in all major groups from Chondrichthyes to Mammalia; however, Aves have very unique orthologs of C3orf80 compared to any other group.
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Group | Date of Divergence (mya) | Ortholog Accession Number | Sequence Length | Sequence Identity | Sequence Similarity |
| Homo sapiens | Human | Mammalia | 0 | NP_001161686.1 | 247 | 100% | 100% |
| Mus musculus | House mouse | Mammalia | 87 | NP_001161468.1 | 247 | 92% | 94% |
| Antechinus flavipes | Yellow-footed antechinus | Marsupialia | 160 | XP_051839055.1 | 237 | 59% | 65% |
| Sarcophilus harrisii | Tasmanian devil | Marsupialia | 160 | XP_031813452.1 | 239 | 58% | 65% |
| Alligator mississippiensis | American alligator | Reptilia | 319 | XP_019347204.1 | 210 | 54% | 58% |
| Mauremys mutica | Yellow pond turtle | Reptilia | 319 | XP_044885017.1 | 203 | 50% | 54% |
| Prinia subflava | Tawny-flanked prinia | Aves | 319 | XP_063264524.1 | 179 | 27% | 33% |
| Gallus gallus | Red junglefowl | Aves | 319 | XP_025009399.2 | 145 | 26% | 31% |
| Aquila chrysaetos | Golden eagle | Aves | 319 | XP_029884193.1 | 319 | 20% | 25% |
| Pseudophryne corroboree | Southern corroboree frog | Amphibia | 352 | XP_063772225.1 | 194 | 48% | 54% |
| Bufo bufo | Common toad | Amphibia | 352 | XP_040286993.1 | 189 | 46% | 53% |
| Pleurodeles waltl | Iberian ribbed newt | Amphibia | 352 | KAJ1088024.1 | 240 | 41% | 47% |
| Rhinatrema bivittatum | Rhinatrema | Amphibia | 352 | XP_029473235.1 | 206 | 41% | 46% |
| Protopterus annectens | West African lungfish | Sarcopterygii | 408 | XP_043926856.1 | 210 | 38% | 44% |
| Latimeria chalumnae | West Indian Ocean coelacanth | Sarcopterygii | 415 | XP_006002129.1 | 189 | 39% | 44% |
| Polypterus senegalus | Gray bichir | Actinopterygii | 429 | XP_039612526.1 | 196 | 34% | 45% |
| Chelmon rostratus | Copperband butterflyfish | Actinopterygii | 429 | XP_041796725.1 | 219 | 31% | 42% |
| Danio rerio | Zebrafish | Actinopterygii | 429 | XP_068069764.1 | 162 | 31% | 39% |
| Stegostoma tigrinum | Zebra shark | Chondrichthyes | 462 | XP_048398267.1 | 196 | 30% | 40% |
| Callorhinchus milii | Australian ghostshark | Chondrichthyes | 462 | XP_007888000.1 | 220 | 29% | 35% |