# List of hepato-biliary diseases

Hepato-biliary diseases include liver diseases and biliary diseases. Their study is known as hepatology.

## Liver diseases
### Viral hepatitis

* Acute hepatitis A
* Acute hepatitis B
* Acute hepatitis C
* Acute hepatitis D – this is a superinfection with the delta-agent in a patient already infected with hepatitis B
* Acute hepatitis E
* Chronic viral hepatitis
* Other viral hepatitis viruses may exist but their relation to the disease is not firmly established like the previous ones (hepatitis F, GB virus C, hepatitis X)

### Other infectious diseases

* Hepatitis:
** cytomegalovirus infection
** herpesviral: herpes simplex infection
* Toxoplasmosis
* Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis
* Portal hypertension in schistosomiasis
* Liver disease in syphilis
* Epstein–Barr virus infection
* yellow fever virus infection
* rubella virus infection
* leptospirosis
* Echinococcosis
* Amoebiasis

### Other inflammatory diseases

* liver abscess
* autoimmune hepatitis
* primary biliary cholangitis (primary biliary cirrhosis)
* phlebitis of the portal vein
* granulomatous hepatitis
** berylliosis
** sarcoidosis
* nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)

### Alcohol

This may cause fatty liver, hepatitis, fibrosis and sclerosis leading to cirrhosis and finally liver failure.

### Toxins

This includes mostly drug-induced hepatotoxicity, (DILI) which may generate many different patterns over liver disease, including
* cholestasis
* necrosis
* acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis of different forms,
* cirrhosis
* Effects of Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
* other rare disorders like focal nodular hyperplasia, Hepatic fibrosis, peliosis hepatis and veno-occlusive disease.
Liver damage is part of Reye syndrome.

### Tumours

Malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts. The most frequent forms are metastatic malignant neoplasm of liver)
* liver cell carcinoma
** hepatocellular carcinoma
** hepatoma
* cholangiocarcinoma
* hepatoblastoma
* angiosarcoma of liver
* Kupffer cell sarcoma
* other sarcomas of liver
Benign neoplasm of liver include hepatic hemangiomas, hepatic adenomas, and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH).

### End-stage liver disease

Chronic liver diseases like chronic hepatitis, chronic alcohol abuse or chronic toxic liver disease may cause
* liver failure and hepatorenal syndrome
* fibrosis and cirrhosis of liver
Cirrhosis may also occur in primary biliary cirrhosis. Rarely, cirrhosis is congenital.

### Metabolic diseases

* metabolic diseases (chapter E in ICD-10)
** haemochromatosis
** Wilson's disease
** Gilbert's syndrome
** Crigler–Najjar syndrome
** Dubin–Johnson syndrome
** Rotor syndrome
** Bile acid synthesis disorders

### Vascular disorders

* chronic passive congestion of liver
* central haemorrhagic necrosis of liver
* infarction of liver
* peliosis hepatis
* veno-occlusive disease
* portal hypertension
* Budd–Chiari syndrome

### Cysts

* Congenital cystic disease of the liver
* Cysts caused by Echinococcus
* Polycystic liver disease

### Others

Amyloid degeneration of liver

## Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases

* malignant neoplasm of the gallbladder
* malignant neoplasm of other parts of biliary tract
** extrahepatic bile duct
** ampulla of Vater
* cholelithiasis
* cholecystitis
* others (excluding postcholecystectomy syndrome), but including
** other obstructions of the gallbladder (like strictures)
** hydrops, perforation, fistula
** cholesterolosis
** biliary dyskinesia
* ICD-10 code K83: other diseases of the biliary tract:
** cholangitis (including ascending cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis)
** obstruction, perforation, fistula of biliary tract (bile duct)
** spasm of sphincter of Oddi
** biliary cyst
** biliary atresia