# Modern Chinese fashion

Modern Chinese fashion explores how traditional Chinese national culture is integrated into contemporary fashion design, introducing its cultural heritage, aesthetic significance and impact on the global stage.
The key themes are explored around the integration of diverse cultures in modern Chinese fashion. First, using the example of Li brocade, it demonstrates how traditional Chinese ethnic motifs have been reinterpreted in modern fashion design. These motifs not only continue the cultural and artistic traditions of the Li ethnic group, but are also integrated into the contemporary design language through digitization and information visualization technologies, becoming fashion elements with both practicality and cultural significance. Secondly, the article analyzes the profound influence of religious culture on modern Chinese fashion, especially how Taoist and Buddhist philosophies express the core concepts of harmony, simplicity, and spiritual pursuit through patterns, colors, and clothing styles. In addition, the article also examines John Galliano's innovative practice of integrating traditional Chinese clothing elements into Western fashion design during the Dior period. This East-meets-West cultural fusion has enhanced the recognition of traditional Chinese culture in global fashion through color symbols, traditional patterns, and dramatic cuts. Finally, the article explores how new Chinese brands (e.g., Shanghai Tang, Shiatzy Chen, Shangxia, and TANGY) have gradually gained influence in the global market by combining traditional and modern design. They are both purveyors of Chinese culture and an important part of the modern luxury market.

## Context

Taking modern Chinese fashion as a perspective, this paper delves into the interaction between traditional culture and modern design. Taking Li brocade as an example, it demonstrates the multi-dimensional value of national art in the process of modernization, not only as a carrier of cultural heritage, but also as a symbol of national identity. The complex geometric patterns and symbolic motifs of Li brocade have been transformed into fashion elements that meet global aesthetics in modern design, providing a model for cultural preservation and market innovation. In addition, religious inspiration is an important source of modern fashion. The article analyzes in detail how Taoism's philosophy of natural simplicity and Buddhism's spirit of compassion are embodied in contemporary design through colors, patterns, and forms of dress, highlighting the depth and contemporary relevance of traditional Chinese culture.
In the context of globalization, John Galliano creatively fuses Eastern and Western cultures by incorporating traditional Chinese dress elements (such as color symbols and Peking Opera inspired costumes) into his designs for Dior. This design practice not only enhances the global recognition of Chinese culture, but also highlights the adaptability and innovative potential of traditional Chinese dress art. At the same time, the article explores the rise of new Chinese brands. Through traditional craftsmanship, innovative design language, and global market placement, these brands have become important spokespersons for Chinese culture in international fashion, reflecting an increase in cultural confidence. Overall, this paper shows how modern Chinese fashion has become an important bridge between cultural exchange and fashion development in the context of globalization, with its rich cultural connotations and innovative design practices.

## Ethnic influences in modern Chinese fashion

Ethnic patterns hold a significant place in modern fashion as both visual and cultural elements. These patterns reflect the artistic heritage and cultural values of various ethnic groups, often blending decorative aesthetics with practical design. Their vibrant colors, intricate shapes, and symbolic motifs contribute to their prominence in contemporary fashion, where patterns are a key aspect of garment structure, material, and overall design. By incorporating such patterns, fashion blends tradition with modern sensibilities, resulting in clothing that is both functional and meaningful.
In The Application of Chinese Minority Pattern in Modern Design Based on Information Visualization, Chunli Ma, Congrui Gao, and Xiaoping Wu argue that “ethnic minorities have vivid forms of expression and rich artistic design language, which are widely used in fashion design, making clothing have strong national cultural characteristics.” These designs exemplify the seamless coexistence of cultural heritage and minimalist modern styles, appealing to both local and global fashion markets.

### Li brocade in modern Chinese fashion

The application of Li brocade, one of China's oldest textile traditions, exemplifies how ethnic patterns are reimagined for modern fashion, seamlessly blending cultural heritage with contemporary trends. Known for its vibrant colors, geometric patterns, and symbolic motifs inspired by nature and daily life, the brocade reflects the Li people's artistic and cultural identity. These patterns, drawn from everyday life and filtered through artistic creativity, serve as a "woven epic" for the Li nationality, which historically lacked a written script. Each design intuitively conveys stories of the Li people's life, work, hopes, and wishes, embedding their values into the fabric itself.
Incorporating Li brocade into modern fashion not only involves aesthetics but also respects the symbolic and cultural depth of its designs. The patterns are modified to align with market needs and contemporary trends while retaining their essence. This adaptability has led to its application in diverse forms, such as embroidered jackets, skirts, and accessories that balance cultural authenticity with modern practicality.
In conclusion, the integration of ethnic patterns, such as Li brocade, into modern fashion highlights the dynamic interplay between tradition and innovation. By preserving the cultural heritage and artistic identity of ethnic groups while adapting to contemporary trends, these designs bridge the past and present. This fusion not only enriches the aesthetic and functional appeal of modern fashion but also ensures that traditional crafts remain relevant and celebrated on both local and global stages.

## Religious inspirations in modern Chinese fashion

Modern Chinese fashion has increasingly drawn inspiration from the country's rich religious and cultural traditions, incorporating elements of Taoism and Buddhism to create innovative and meaningful designs. This section explores the impact of Taoist and Buddhist philosophies on contemporary Chinese fashion, analyzing their expressions in high-profile collections and their broader cultural implications.

### Taoist inspirations

Taoist philosophy emphasizes harmony with nature, simplicity, and spiritual transcendence, principles that are often reflected in traditional clothing. A study by Yang and Yang (2020) highlights that Taoist clothing embodies principles of nature and harmony, serving as a cultural and ethical symbol that reflects the values of Taoism. It distinguishes itself from secular attire through its complex forms and historical significance, representing a blend of ancient traditions and contemporary cultural identity.
Modern designers draw on these principles to create clothing that incorporates Taoist-inspired aesthetics. For example, the brand UEOO blends Taoist motifs into its punk-inspired collection, integrating traditional symbols like the Taiji (yin-yang) emblem into contemporary structured designs. As described in “Integrating Taoist Culture into Design, Shaping the Punk-Heroine Spirit” (2023), the collection features modern Chinese themes, incorporating traditional essence such as Taoist culture and the *Classic of Mountains and Seas* into its designs.
Additionally, Taoist principles influence sustainable practices in fashion, emphasizing natural materials and eco-friendly production methods. This reflects the Taoist ideal of “following nature” (顺其自然), which encourages designers to prioritize harmony with the environment.

### Buddhist inspirations

Buddhism, with its focus on compassion, mindfulness, and spiritual awakening, has significantly shaped both traditional and modern Chinese fashion. Cheng (2020) discusses the characteristics of Buddhist clothing, particularly the jiasha worn by Chinese Buddhist masters, which reflects the fusion and adaptation of Chinese and Indian cultures, embodying the simplicity and subtlety of Zen philosophy. The jiasha not only carries religious symbolism but also demonstrates respect for traditional Chinese culture and localization, emphasizing inner peace and harmony.
ZHUCHONGYUN's “Awakening” Spring/Summer collection incorporates Buddhist influences through the use of saffron and earthy tones, which are associated with monastic robes. The design captures the essence of nature through imagery of vast landscapes, misty mountains, and serene beauty, seeking to explore the core of Chinese culture—reverence for nature and the Zen philosophy of awakening.
In addition to aesthetics, Buddhist principles align closely with sustainable fashion practices. Cheng (2020) notes that the Buddhist concept of interconnectedness supports the use of eco-friendly materials and ethical production methods. This connection has inspired many modern designers to adopt sustainable practices, reinforcing the relevance of Buddhist values in addressing contemporary environmental challenges.

### Synthesis of traditions

The integration of Taoist and Buddhist philosophies in modern Chinese fashion reflects a broader synthesis of spiritual and cultural traditions. Brands such as UEOO and ZHUCHONGYUN creatively reinterpret these philosophies to create garments that are both deeply rooted in cultural heritage and relevant to contemporary audiences. By blending Taoist ideals of natural harmony with Buddhist principles of mindfulness and sustainability, their work showcases the enduring influence of these traditions.
This synthesis not only preserves historical elements but also adapts them to address modern concerns, such as environmental consciousness and identity expression. Through innovative designs, these creators bridge the past and present, demonstrating the dynamic potential of traditional philosophies to inspire and shape modern fashion.

## Fusion of Chinese and Western styles
### Fashion in John Galliano's designs for Dior

John Galliano’s designs for Dior represent a fascinating fusion of Chinese traditional motifs and modern Western fashion. During his tenure at Dior, Galliano skillfully blended Eastern aesthetics with contemporary couture, drawing inspiration from Chinese colors, symbolism, and traditional design elements. He prominently featured traditional Chinese colors, such as imperial yellow, symbolizing royalty, and auspicious red, which conveys joy and fortune.
In addition to color symbolism, Galliano incorporated intricate Chinese patterns like the “li shui” wave motifs and cloud designs, which are common in traditional Chinese attire and architecture. These patterns were seamlessly integrated with Dior's couture techniques, offering a global platform for Chinese artistry. Another significant influence on Galliano's work came from Chinese opera costumes, particularly those seen in Peking opera. The elaborate embroidery, dramatic silhouettes, and theatrical flair of these garments were reinterpreted through Dior’s contemporary lens, creating a balance between Eastern opulence and Western modernity.

### The global influence of new Chinese style brands

In recent years, New Chinese Style brands have emerged as cultural ambassadors by creatively merging traditional Chinese aesthetics with modern Western fashion sensibilities. Brands like Shanghai Tang, Shiatzy Chen, Shangxia, and TANGY have successfully expanded into international markets, bridging Eastern heritage with Western tastes.
Shanghai Tang, often referred to as a luxury brand “created by China,” emphasizes traditional Chinese motifs while positioning itself as a contemporary global fashion house. Its designs frequently incorporate qipao-inspired silhouettes, mandarin collars, and intricate embroidery, reinterpreted into modern, wearable pieces. The brand has established flagship stores in international cities such as Milan, Yangon, and Singapore, showcasing Chinese heritage to a global luxury market.
Similarly, Shiatzy Chen is known for integrating Chinese craft aesthetics with Western couture design. Often dubbed the “Chanel of Taiwan,” Shiatzy Chen combines traditional decorations, including intricate embroidery like Su Xiu and brocade, with modern silhouettes. The brand’s expansion into cities like Tokyo, Kuala Lumpur, and Paris has allowed it to redefine the boundaries of Eastern artistry and Western luxury.
Shangxia, founded by Hermès, embraces a design philosophy that balances tradition and modernity, East and West, and human and nature. Known for its minimalist aesthetic, Shangxia emphasizes subtle forms and pure colors to reinterpret Chinese style in ways that resonate with modern consumers. Its presence in markets such as Singapore and Paris reflects the brand's appeal to sustainability-focused, global audiences.
Lastly, TANGY highlights themes of peace, health, and beauty, promoting harmony between humanity and nature. The brand’s designs, often crafted from natural materials like linen, silk, and cotton, focus on simplicity and sustainability. With operations in Paris, TANGY aligns itself with Western values of ethical and comfortable fashion, making it a popular choice for eco-conscious consumers.