OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wetlina

Wetlina is a village with a population of 307 (in 2004) located in south-eastern Poland in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, near the border with Slovakia. It is near the entrance to Bieszczady National Park and is situated along the Wetlinka river.

## History

Vetlyna was first mentioned as a populated village in the year 1580, organized under Wallachian Law. In 1880 there were 115 homes listed in the local census. The majority of the population ascribed to the Greek Catholic faith.
Boykos montagnards were the primary inhabitants of the area until 1945. Following battles between the Ukrainian Insurgent Army and the People's Army of Poland, the area was completely depopulated. It was resettled during the 1950s and 1960s with forestry workers and Franciscan Friars.
On June 7, 1946, the Polish Army entered the village under operation named "Vistula." "Operation Vistula" was set forth to purge partisans from the region. The partisans had been living in the forests and mountains, and continued to harass and agitate the Poland authorities in their fight for political autonomy. It was believed that the villagers were supporting the partisans with food and supplies. The Poland Army gave the residents one hour to pack up their belongings, loaded them on trucks and deported ("resettled") the residents to distant villages in northern Poland and Ukraine. The Army set fire to all the citizens remaining possessions, including houses, barns and haystacks. They wanted nothing to remain for the partisans. Several citizens died in the deportation and only two or three families from the village were allowed to resettle in the same place. No one was allowed to resettle in the area until 1958, at which time, the Poland government allowed only ethnic Polish to settle in the region.
The foundations of the largest Cerkiew (Eastern Rite Church), Church of Christ the King (Greek Catholic) in the area is found in the village. The church was destroyed by fire in 1946 and the foundation dynamited by the Polish Army in 1950. Adjacent to the ruins, the Divine Mercy Roman Catholic Church was built in the early 1980s.

### Population

The population of the area and the village for the years 1881-2004 is listed below.
| Year | Population |
| 1735 | 639 |
| 1881 | 819 |
| 1921 | 805 |
| 1938 | 1037 |
| 1947 | 0 |
| 1991 | 296 |
| 2004 | 307 |

## Geography and location

The village is located near the source (springs) of the Weltinka river, a primary tributary of the Solinka river. South and west of the village are the Sękowa (1022 m) and Paprotna (1193 m) mountain peaks. East of the village are the range peaks of Połonina Wetlińska, with a maximum elevation of 1253 m.

## Tourism

Wetlina is shares in the tourism of the Bieszczady Mountain area. Trips to L'viv, festivals, and hiking are popular activities.
# Georgios Cheimonetos

Georgios Cheimonetos (born 29 December 1972) is a Greek former cyclist. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Olympics.
# Wietlin-Osada

Wietlin-Osada is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Laszki, within Jarosław County, Podkarpackie Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.
# Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy is a multidisciplinary peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering biomedical research with a particular focus on signal transduction and its application to the drug development process. It was established in 2016 and is published by Nature Research. The editors-in-chief are Carlo M. Croce (Ohio State University), Kang Zhang (Macau University of Science and Technology), and Yu-Quan Wei (West China Medical Center). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 40.8.

## Abstract & Indexing

* Science Citation Index Expanded
* BIOSIS
* Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
* MEDLINE
* PubMed Central (PMC)
* Scopus
# This Our Paradise

This Our Paradise is a 2024 novel by Karan Mujoo. It follows the lives of two Kashmiri families — one Hindu and one Muslim — as they navigate the political and social unrest in the 1990s. The two main protagonists are an unnamed eight-year-old boy and a young man named Shahid. Through their narrative were seen the rising insurgency in Kashmir and its bloody aftermath. The book was published by Penguin Random House in May 2024.

## Reception

Manisha Gangahar of The Tribune while reviewing the book wrote that "one of the novel's strengths lies in its ability to humanise the Kashmir conflict, providing readers with an intimate glimpse into the scars of the turmoil." Kartik Chauhan in his review for Scroll.in called the book, "a tender, heartbreaking, and ingeniously panoramic." He further wrote, "Straddling these two narratives, Mujoo deftly captures at least two Kashmirs. One of the exiled and abused Pandits, and the other of mounting militancy. In either, however, a deep sense of defeat and dislocation is registered, impressing an old, timeless truth: wars make corpses of all." Hindustan Times wrote: "In Mujoo's vivid picture of Kashmiri society, nobody is overlooked, not even the Henz or the boat people, who are at the bottom of the caste ladder. The reader is taken into a settlement of sweepers, scavengers and tanners." Anuradha Bhasin of Kashmir Times wrote, "In this poignant and thought-provoking novel, Mujoo masterfully weaves a tale of two families – Pandit and Muslim – caught in the crossfire of the Kashmir conflict, subtly dwelling on the complexities of the war and the human condition with no choice but to endure its multi-folded consequences.
Set in Kashmir of 1989-90, it is not just a tale of exile told in black and white, it is a story of Kashmir through a nuanced exploration of the gray areas of Kashmir’s most turbulent phases in history, told with a peppering of the burden of history and the different hues of political ideologies and religious identities that breathed across the landscape."
# Stash Hotel Rewards

Stash Hotel Rewards is an American company that produces a loyalty rewards program for a network of over 300 independent hotels in the United States, Panama, and the Caribbean. The membership is free to join, and guests are given 5 points for every dollar spent at hotels in the network. It is the largest points-based loyalty reward program for independent hotels in North America. The company was founded in 2010 and is based in Palo Alto, California.

## History

The company was founded in May 2010 in Palo Alto, California by former Expedia executive, Jeff Low (who also serves as the company's CEO). Low had previously been responsible for the creation of Expedia's "Thank You" rewards program. At its outset, Stash had enlisted 65 hotels (including boutiques, spas, and resorts) in 50 cities mostly across the United States. By August, those numbers had increased to 79 hotels in 63 cities including Boston, San Francisco, New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, and others. In 2024, the network included over 300 properties.
In early 2014, Stash became the largest loyalty reward program for independent hotels in North America. It also began fostering a larger presence in the Caribbean. In January 2014, a study conducted by researchers from Cornell University, Ithaca College, and Michigan State University showed that hoteliers who had enrolled in the Stash Hotel Rewards program saw an average increase of incremental revenue between $400,000 and $780,000 annually.

## Operation

Stash Hotel Rewards' main product offering is a loyalty reward program for a network of nearly 200 independent hotels in the United States (including Hawaii and Puerto Rico), Canada, Mexico, Panama, and the Caribbean. It is free to sign up for the program, and guests who enroll are awarded 5 points for every dollar spent at in-network hotels. Members earn 3 points per dollar at highly-rated independent hotels that have been designated “Stash Approved” when booked on the Stash website. Those points can then be redeemed for a free stay at any in-network hotel, and there are no blackout or expiration dates. Stash differs from most traditional loyalty programs in that it allows individual properties to set the number of points required to redeem a free night. For instance, a hotel in-season may increase the number of points required to redeem a free stay while an out-of-season hotel may decrease the number.
In 2015, Stash launched the Stash Hotel Rewards Visa Card. The card was developed in association with Synchrony Financial. In May 2018, Stash filed a lawsuit against Synchrony in California for breach of contract and fraudulent misrepresentation. The card was discontinued in 2018.
# The Mental and Social Life of Babies

The Mental and Social Life of Babies is a 1982 book by Kenneth Kaye. Integrating a contemporary burgeoning field of research on infant cognitive and social development in the first two years of life with his own laboratory's studies at the University of Chicago, Kaye offered an "apprenticeship" theory. Seen as an empirical turning point in the investigation of processes in early human development, the book's reviews welcomed its reliance on close (second by second) process studies of a large sample of infants and mothers (50) recorded longitudinally (birth to 30 months). It was republished in England, Japan, Spain, Italy, and Argentina.
Since the argument placed social relations at the root of mental development, it amounted to an extension of Lev Vygotsky’s theory and of his objections to Jean Piaget, down to the first year of life. (Their debate dealt with the preschool years. ) However, the cited evidence from research by many authors in the 1970s also refined the argument Vygotsky had made. Previous writers seem to have assumed, like Piaget, that communication is a felicitous by-product of a symbol-using mind. (If they doubted it, no one had created empirical paradigms to study the processes involved.) Like Vygotsky, Kaye held the contrary: that communication is the origin of mind. His decade-long research program addressed the question: How does communication itself develop in an organism that still lacks a mind? His answer is the "apprenticeship" theory of infancy: Development of the human mind and language depends as much upon preadapted (through evolution) adult behavior and universal human interaction patterns as it does upon the infant's brain. "The kinds of exchanges with adults that facilitate sensorimotor and later linguistic development require little from the infant at first except regularities in behavior and expressive reactions that parents tend to interpret as if they were meaningful gestures."
# Frogmore, New South Wales

Frogmore is a village in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. It was previously a mining town.

## Mining history

Copper was first discovered and mined in Frogmore in the 1850s, but mining has not continued since 1907, despite further exploration since the 1950s. Silver and tungsten have also been mined around Frogmore.
In the 1870s, there were two copper mines operating in Frogmore – the Deer Brothers mine and the Bensusan mine. Copper was also mined north west of Frogmore.
In 1882, quartz reef gold was found to the north of Frogmore, resulting in a minor rush to stake claims, but there were no significant gold mines in the area.

## Community and facilities

Frogmore had a public school from 1875 to 1982. The village has an Anglican church, a Uniting church (formerly Methodist), and a Catholic church, St John the Baptist, with a Catholic cemetery in its grounds. There is also a general cemetery.
The community hall was burned down in a bushfire in 1997, and fundraising for its replacement included a Pass the hat around concert by Lee Kernaghan. There is a rural fire station on the site of the old hall and the new hall is adjacent to it.
In the 2016 census, Frogmore's population was 132, which had grown to 146 in 2021.

## Climate

Frogmore has a climate intermediate between that of the South Eastern Highlands and South Western Slopes, most similar to Yass. Diurnal range is generally high year round, but markedly lesser in winter due to greater cloud cover. Precipitation peaks slightly in winter.
Climate data for Frogmore (1969–1990, rainfall 1898–1993); 500 m AMSL; 34.27° S, 148.84° E :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 42.4 (108.3) | 42.2 (108.0) | 36.8 (98.2) | 33.7 (92.7) | 29.7 (85.5) | 21.6 (70.9) | 21.6 (70.9) | 24.7 (76.5) | 29.9 (85.8) | 33.0 (91.4) | 37.8 (100.0) | 38.9 (102.0) | 42.4 (108.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.9 (85.8) | 29.2 (84.6) | 26.2 (79.2) | 21.4 (70.5) | 16.7 (62.1) | 12.9 (55.2) | 11.9 (53.4) | 13.4 (56.1) | 16.2 (61.2) | 20.4 (68.7) | 24.3 (75.7) | 28.1 (82.6) | 20.9 (69.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.5 (58.1) | 14.4 (57.9) | 12.1 (53.8) | 8.8 (47.8) | 5.5 (41.9) | 2.6 (36.7) | 1.8 (35.2) | 3.0 (37.4) | 4.7 (40.5) | 7.3 (45.1) | 9.5 (49.1) | 12.3 (54.1) | 8.0 (46.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) | 0.6 (33.1) | 1.1 (34.0) | −1.2 (29.8) | −6.4 (20.5) | −5.2 (22.6) | −6.2 (20.8) | −6.5 (20.3) | −2.6 (27.3) | −2.0 (28.4) | −0.5 (31.1) | 1.6 (34.9) | −6.5 (20.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 52.4 (2.06) | 38.4 (1.51) | 41.3 (1.63) | 50.9 (2.00) | 46.0 (1.81) | 56.1 (2.21) | 53.3 (2.10) | 55.8 (2.20) | 49.4 (1.94) | 54.7 (2.15) | 48.8 (1.92) | 52.9 (2.08) | 593.7 (23.37) |
| Source: ||||||||||||||
# 1989 in Libya

The following lists events that happened in 1989 in Libya.

## Incumbents

* President: Muammar al-Gaddafi
* Prime minister: Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir

## Events
### September

* September 19 - UTA Flight 772 is blown up over Ténéré, Niger, killing all 170 passengers and crew on board. Those responsible are believed to be Libyans.

## Births

* 20 March - Mohammad Za'abia.
* 21 April - Ahmed Krawa'a.
* 5 May - Ghada Ali.
* 3 November - Hamed Snousi.
* 15 December - Marwan Mabrouk.
* This year in Africa article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Novoukrainka

Novoukrainka (Ukrainian: Новоукраїнка, IPA: ) is a city in Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Novoukrainka Raion. It hosts the administration of Novoukrainka urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 16,080 (2022 estimate).

## History

The territory of the modern city was part of the western part of the possessions of Zaporozhian Sich and belonged to the Buhohardivska palanka (a palanka is an administrative unit of the Ukrainian Cossack army). Actually, it was part of Dyke Pole (Wild Fields) for many centuries, even before the Hetmanate.
After the beginning of the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774), according to the project of the commander of the 2nd Russian army, Count Pyotr Panin, the st. Pauls Fort was laid with the placement of the first company and headquarters of the Moldavian hussar regiment of the settlement, formed by Captain Zverev from Moldova.
The same fortification was built on the right bank of the Chorny Tashlyk River. Two fortifications, each with ten guns on the shafts, formed a serious defensive unit. Settlements of the same name were built around them, which became the core of the modern city of Novoukrainka. In June 1774, academician Johann Güldenstedt, while traveling in the Elizavetgrad governorship, noted: "Until 1769, this place was deserted, in the same year a settlement was founded, which today is the administrative center of the Moldavian regiment.".
After the establishment of military settlements in the south of Ukraine, Novopavlivsk (St. Paul's Fort) was transferred to the 3rd Ukrainian Lancer Division in 1821 and the headquarters of the 1st Ukrainian Lancer Regiment was located here, so in 1832 this settlement was renamed Novoukrainka.
In 1857, 6,346 people lived here.
A local newspaper is published here since March 1930.
The exact number of people killed during the Holodomor of 1932–1933 is unknown, but witnesses estimated that the losses during the Second World War were half that of the Holodomor in Novoukrainka.
City since 1938.
From August 2, 1941 to March 17, 1944, it was occupied by the Nazis.
In 1974, 21,000 residents lived here.
In 1989 population was 20 675 people.
In 2011, the city adopted new symbols.

## Gallery

* City park
* Landscape
* Building of the volost administration
* Monument to the victims of the Holodomor
* Obelish of the Glory
# Rubén Roca

Rubén Roca (born 12 December 1940) is a Cuban former swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Strahinja Mićović

Strahinja Mićović (Serbian Cyrillic: Страхиња Мићовић, born 17 June 1992) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Monbus Obradoiro of the Primera FEB.

## Career

Mićović spent the first three years of his career with BKK Radnički and OKK Beograd. He also had an unsuccessful trial at Partizan NIS during the 2013 pre-season.
Mićović signed with FMP coached by Milan Gurović after a successful trial which took place during the 2014 pre-season. For the 2015–16 season, he moved to Borac Čačak. On 16 July 2016, Mićović signed a 1+1 deal with Bosnian team Igokea. On 1 July 2017, Mićović signed with Mornar Bar of the Montenegrin League.
On 24 July 2019, Mićović signed with Mitteldeutscher BC of the Basketball Bundesliga. He averaged 13.0 points and 4.5 rebounds per game. On 13 August 2020, Mićović signed with Telekom Baskets Bonn.
On 20 July 2021, Mićović returned to Mornar Bar.
On 26 August 2023, Mićović signed with CBet Jonava of the Lithuanian Basketball League (LKL).
On 23 July 2024, Mićović signed with Monbus Obradoiro of the Primera FEB.
# Carl Ohlson

Carl R. Ohlson is an American politician.
He won election to the Massachusetts House of Representatives from the 10th Plymouth district in 1968, 1970 and 1972, then lost to Karen Swanson in the 14th Plymouth district during the 1974 election cycle.
# Judith Vis

Judith Vis (Dutch:; born 21 June 1980) is a Dutch former hurdler, long jumper and bobsledder.
Vis competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for the Netherlands. She teamed with driver Esmé Kamphuis in the two-woman event, finishing 4th. This was the best ever result by a Dutch bobsleigh team. Vis and Kamphuis previously won a bronze medal at the 2011 Bobsleigh European Championship at Winterberg.
As of April 2014, her best showing at the World Championships is 6th, in both 2011 and 2013.
Vis made her World Cup debut in November 2010. As of April 2014, she has one World Cup podium finish, a silver medal at Cesana in 2010-11.
Vis retired from the sport after the 2014 Winter Olympics.

## World Cup Podiums

| Date | Location | Rank | Event | Teammates |
| 5 February 2011 | Cesena | | Two-woman | Esmé Kamphuis |
# Aujla

Aujla is a village in Phillaur in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from subdistrict headquarters and 35 kilometres (22 mi) from district headquarters. The village is administrated by Sarpanch, an elected representative of the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, the village had a total number of 337 houses and a population of 1693, which included 869 males and 824 females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village, 770 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
# Zahoczewie

Zahoczewie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Baligród, within Lesko County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Baligród, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Lesko, and 75 km (47 mi) south of the regional capital Rzeszów. The river Hoczewka (a tributary of the San) flows through the village. There, the main road is located, while the hills around said road are settled by homes.

## History

Piotr from Zboiska, a standard-bearer, owned the lands from 1435 to 1465. Until 1532 it was the property of Podkomory Piotr Herburt. His son, Mikołaj Herburt, succeeded as the new owner of the land. During the XIX century Rafał Osuchowski and his associates ruled over the territory. Until 1939, a manor house owned by Roman Witoszyński was located in the village.
# Alain Roca

Alaín Roca (born 7 September 1976) is a former volleyball player from Cuba. A two-time Olympian, he competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta and the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney with the Cuban men's national volleyball team.
Roca was honoured as "best setter" at the 2001 FIVB Grand Champions Cup in Japan, where he won a gold medal, and at the 2001 America's Cup in Buenos Aires, where he won a silver medal.

## Honours

* 1995: Start in the National Team of Cuba
** Preolympic Games – Calgary, Canada (gold medal)
* 1996: World League – Rotterdam, Holland (4th place) and "Best Service"
** Olympic Games – Atlanta, USA (6th place)
* 1997: World League – Moscow, Russia (silver medal)
** World Grand Champions Cup – Japan (bronze medal)
** Norceca Championship – Puerto Rico (gold medal)
* 1998: World League – Milan, Italy (gold medal)
** World Champion – Japan (bronze medal) and "2nd Best Receiver"
** Season 98–99 Cuneo, Italy (4th place)
** Italy Cup – (gold medal) and "Record Speed Service"
** Cope delle Coppe Europe – (silver medal)
** Central American Games – Maracaibo, Venezuela (gold medal)
** America Cup – Argentina (bronze medal)
** Norceca Championship – Monterrey, Mexico (silver medal)
* 1999: World League – Argentina (silver medal)
** World Cup – Japan (silver medal)
** Season 99–00 Montichiari, Italy
** Italy Cup – (silver medal)
** America Cup – Tampa; Orlando, USA (bronze medal)
* 2000: America Cup – São Paulo, Brazil (gold medal)
** Olympic Games – Sydney, Australia (7th place)
* 2001: Norceca Championship – Barbados (gold medal) "Best Setter" and "Best Service"
** America Cup – Argentina (silver medal) and "Best Setter"
** World Grand Champions Cup – Japan (gold medal) and "Best Setter"
* 2002: World League Participation – National Team of Cuba
* 2007-2008: Tigre Unisul, Brazil
** Minero Championship (silver medal)
** Santa Catarina State Championship (gold medal)
** Super League (4th place)
* 2008-2009: Tigre Unisul, Brazil
** Santa Catarina State Championship (silver medal)
** Super League (4th place)
* 2009-2010: Pinheiros-SKY, Brazil
** Super League (bronze medal)
* 2010-2011: Halkbank Sport Club, Ankara-Turkey
** Turkey Championship (third place)
* 2011: August to 30 December: Top Volley Andreoli Latina, Italy
** "All Star Volley" Marcelo Gabana in Memorial
* 2012: 31 December to 30 April: Ural-Ufa Volley, Russia
** Russia Championship (5th place)
* 2012-2013: Club Fakel Novy Urengoy- Russia
** Siberian Cup (bronze medal)
** Russia Championship (5th place)
* Individual Titles: Best Service- World League 1996 (Rotterdam, Holland)
** 2nd Best Reception – World Cup 1998 (Japan)
** Record Speed Service (117 km/h) – Italy Cup 1999 (Rome, Italy)
** Best Setter – Championship Norceca 2001 (Barbados)
** Best Service – Championship Norceca 2001 (Barbados)
** Best Setter – America Cup 2001 (Argentina)
** Best setter – World Grand Championship Cup 2001 (Japan)
** "All Star Volley" Marcelo Gabana in Memorial 2011 (Monza, Italy)