OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hubert A. Newton

Prof Hubert Anson Newton FRS HFRSE (19 March 1830 – 12 August 1896), usually cited as H. A. Newton, was an American astronomer and mathematician, noted for his research on meteors.

## Biography

Newton was born at Sherburne, New York, and graduated from Yale in 1850 with a B.A. He continued his studies independently in New Haven and at home, due to the absence of Anthony Stanley, the primary professor of mathematics at Yale who was at the time dying of tuberculosis. Newton took up the position of tutor in January, 1853, a few months before Stanley's death, and served as the principal instructor of mathematics until 1855 when he was appointed professor of mathematics. He deferred taking up the appointment for one year, traveling to Europe to attend lectures by distinguished mathematicians. The Mathematics Genealogy Project lists his advisor as Michel Chasles, whose lectures on projective geometry he attended at the Sorbonne. Chasles' techniques had a significant impact on his subsequent research in mathematics, in particular on finding the equation of a circle tangent to three other circles.
However, Newton is best known for the study of the laws of meteors and of comets and their interrelation. He attempted to contribute to the theory advanced by Denison Olmsted of Yale in 1833 that meteors were a part of a mass of bodies moving round the sun in a fixed orbit. He began in 1860, with a description of a meteor observed on November 15, 1859. Using accounts of the path and timing of the meteor he used triangulation techniques to estimate its height and velocity. Starting in 1861, he supervised the work of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences to perform coordinated observations of meteors, providing standardized observational charts for tracking their paths. Results of this investigation, published in 1865, showed that the meteor showers in different months were occurring at different altitudes. He also examined the timing of meteor showers, showing that the drift in time over centuries could be explained by the precession of equinoxes (also known as axial precession, which he then used to put strong constraints on the orbits of the Leonid meteors.
Newton played an important role in American mathematics, as Yale became the first institution in the United States to grant doctoral degrees in mathematics in 1862. One of the most prominent graduates in mathematics during his tenure was E.H. Moore. He won the Smith gold medal from the National Academy of Sciences of which he was a founding member. In 1867, he was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1867. He was also elected an associate of the Royal Astronomical Society of London, served as president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1885), and was foreign member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
Many of his papers on meteors were published in the Memoirs of the National Academy, the Journal of Science, and the American Journal of Science.

## Family

In 1859 he married Miss Anna C. Stiles, a minister's daughter from New York with whom he had two daughters.
# Velichko Konarov

Velichko Konarov (Bulgarian: Величко Конаров, born 22 January 1940) is a Bulgarian weightlifter. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Pierre Isabelle

Pierre Isabelle is principal scientist and group leader of the Interactive Language Technologies group at the National Research Council Canada (NRC-CNRC).
Isabelle holds a Ph.D. in computational linguistics. He started his research career in 1975 as a member of the TAUM machine translation group at the Université de Montréal. Between 1985 and 1996, he was in charge of the machine-aided translation team of CITI, a research laboratory of the Canadian Department of Industry. In 1997 he returned to the Université de Montréal as head of the RALI (Recherche appliquée en linguistique informatique) laboratory of the computer science department. In 1999 he joined the Xerox Research Centre Europe (XRCE) in Grenoble, France, where he managed the Content Analysis area until he joined the NRC in 2005.
He is known for his position on bitexts, and is widely quoted for saying that existing translations contain more solutions to more translation problems than any other available resource.

## Sources

* www.chin.gc.ca, CHIN, 2003
# Zmiennica

Zmiennica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzozów, within Brzozów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) west of Brzozów and 38 km (24 mi) south of the regional capital Rzeszów.
# Anton Krijgsman

Anton Krijgsman (5 May 1898 – 1 May 1974) was a Dutch cyclist. He competed in the men's 50km event at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
# Tu Jong-sil

Tu Jong-sil(두정실) is a former international table tennis player from North Korea.

## Table tennis career

She won two silver medals for North Korea at the 1997 World Table Tennis Championships and 2001 World Table Tennis Championships in the Corbillon Cup (women's team event).
She represented North Korea during the 1996 Olympic Games.
# Theodore St. John

Theodore St John (1906–1956) was an American writer, actor and director of films, radio and theatre. In 1953 he won a Best Motion Picture Story Oscar for 1952's The Greatest Show on Earth. His win was shared with Fredric M. Frank and Frank Cavett.
He served in the army from 1942 to 1946. He died in 1956 of self-inflicted stab wounds.

## Select credits

* Ghosts (1927) - actor in Broadway production
* The Greatest Show on Earth (1952) - screenplay
* Fort Algiers (1953) - screenplay
# Electoral district of Kurwongbah

Kurwongbah is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland which existed at first from 1992 to 2009, and was re-introduced for the 2017 state election. It is named after Lake Kurwongbah.The district is based in the City of Moreton Bay.

## First incarnation

The first incarnation of the electoral district of Kurwongbah included the suburbs of Kurwongbah, Bray Park, Eatons Hill, Samsonvale and Strathpine. The seat was first contested at the 1992 state election, essentially as a reconfigured version of Pine Rivers.
In 2008, Kurwongbah was abolished—with effect at the 2009 state election—as a result of the redistribution undertaken by the Electoral Commission of Queensland. It was replaced by a recreated Pine Rivers, which is very similar in form to the old Kurwongbah.

## Second incarnation

In the 2017 redistribution, Kurwongbah was created again, largely replacing the abolished seat of Kallangur. However, as the suburb of Kallangur is not in the new electorate, the electoral district needed to be renamed. It was named Kurwongbah after Lake Kurwongbah.
From results of the 2015 state election, Kurwongbah was estimated to be a safe seat for the Labor Party with a margin of 7.1% coming into the 2017 state election. The prediction was accurate as Labor won the seat.

## Members for Kurwongbah

First incarnation (1992–2009) :
| Member | Member | Party | Term |
| | Margaret Woodgate | Labor | 1992–1997 |
| | Linda Lavarch | Labor | 1997–2009 |
| Second incarnation (2017–present) ||||
| Member | Member | Party | Term |
| | Shane King | Labor | 2017–present |

## Election results

2024 Queensland state election: Kurwongbah :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labor | Shane King | 15,596 | 43.4 | −8.4 |
| | Liberal National | Tanya McKewen | 12,123 | 33.7 | +6.7 |
| | Greens | Jordan Martin | 3,006 | 8.4 | +1.0 |
| | One Nation | Christopher Leech | 2,789 | 7.7 | −1.3 |
| | Family First | William Ross Pitt | 1,575 | 4.4 | +4.4 |
| | Animal Justice | Gregory Dillon | 883 | 2.4 | −0.1 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 35,972 | 96.4 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,347 | 3.6 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 37,319 | | |
| Two-party-preferred result ||||||
| | Labor | Shane King | 20,103 | 55.9 | −7.3 |
| | Liberal National | Tanya McKewen | 15,869 | 44.1 | +7.3 |
| | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | -7.3 | |
# Kaarta

Kaarta, (Also known as Ka'arta or the Massassi State) was a Bambara kingdom that arose after the fall of the Songhai Empire in what is today the western half of Mali and lasted until its destruction by Umar Tall in the 1850s.

## History
### Early history

According to legend, Sounsan the first capital of Kaarta was founded near Mourdiah around 1635 by Sunsana, son of Niangolo. His son Massa was famously productive both on the farm and in the bedroom, expanding his power and holdings by marrying his many daughters to men who would come fight for him and raiding his neighbors.$^{:332}$ In 1710 rule passed to his son Benefali (r. 1710-1745), who fought a long war against the rising power of Bitòn Coulibaly and the Segou Empire. Benefali's son Foulakoro (r. 1745-1754) besieged Mourdiah, whose inhabitants begged for aid from Coulibaly. He came to Kaarta with an army, defeated Foulakoro, and captured him. The faama of Kaarta soon died in captivity.$^{:124}$$^{:172}$$^{:333}$

### Re-Founding

Kaarta was re-established by Sey Bamana Coulibaly, who had fled Segou in 1754. Deniba Bo ruled from 1758-1761. Faama Sira Bo (r. 1761-1781) led a re-emergence of Kaarta as a regional power, establishing a permanent capital at Diangounté and vassalizing Diarra in 1777 and Khasso, as well as raiding Beledougou and Bambuk.$^{:41}$$^{:334}$ Sira Bo was succeeded by Desse Koro, who was defeated in battle by Mansong Diarra.$^{:172}$ Bodian Moriba (r.1818-1832) re-asserted the kingdom's power, made peace with Segou and moved the capital to Diangounté.$^{:124}$
The kingdom was destroyed as an independent force in 1854 by El Hadj Umar Tall's jihad across West Africa; Umar Tall seized Nioro, and put the Faama Mamady Kandian and his entire family to death, ending the Massassi dynasty.$^{:172}$
In 1878 the French governor of Senegal Briere de l'Isle sent a French force against the Kaarta Toucouleur vassal state along the north bank of the Senegal River. Blocked by the colonial minister in Paris, he argued that they were a threat to the Senegalese Imamate of Futa Toro (then a French client state) with which the British were poised to interfere. The Ministry gave in and on 7 July 1878, a French force destroyed the Kaarta Toucouleur fort at Sabouciré, killing their leader, Almany Niamody. This portion of the Kaarta vassals was then incorporated into the Khasso protectorate kingdom.
French Colonel Louis Archinard later conquered the entire territory of the former Kaarta kingdom in 1890, which was formally annexed into French West Africa in 1904.

## Government

Political power was tightly controlled by the Massasi clan, and succession rarely caused conflict like it did in the Segou Empire. They ensured that the military leadership, the tondjon, was loyal, and the core of the army answered directly to the king. Positions of power went to members of the clan who traditionally tended to the royal family's guardian spirit.$^{:338}$

## Economy

Kaarta was an important destination and transshipment point for salt from the Saharan regions of Tagant and Hodh.$^{:3}$
# Złomy Ruskie

Złomy Ruskie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Narol, within Lubaczów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Narol, 22 km (14 mi) north-east of Lubaczów, and 101 km (63 mi) east of the regional capital Rzeszów.
# Joop van der Leij

Joop van der Leij (14 October 1898 – 3 March 1991) was a Dutch athlete. He competed in the men's javelin throw at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Zoè Werner

Zoé Werner (born 5 August 2005) is a German footballer who has played for RB Leipzig playing in Germany's Frauen-Bundesliga.

## Personal life

Zoe Werner also has a twin sister Mia Werner who is also a professional footballer.
# Proximity problems

Proximity problems is a class of problems in computational geometry which involve estimation of distances between geometric objects.
A subset of these problems stated in terms of points only are sometimes referred to as closest point problems, although the term "closest point problem" is also used synonymously to the nearest neighbor search.
A common trait for many of these problems is the possibility to establish the Θ(n log n) lower bound on their computational complexity by reduction from the element uniqueness problem basing on an observation that if there is an efficient algorithm to compute some kind of minimal distance for a set of objects, it is trivial to check whether this distance equals to 0.

## Atomic problems

While these problems pose no computational complexity challenge, some of them are notable because of their ubiquity in computer applications of geometry.
* Distance between a pair of line segments. It cannot be expressed by a single formula, unlike, e.g., the distance from a point to a line. Its calculation requires careful enumeration of possible configurations, especially in 3D and higher dimensions.
* Bounding box, the minimal axis-aligned hyperrectangle that contains all geometric data

## Problems on points

* Closest pair of points: Given N points, find two with the smallest distance between them
* Closest point query / nearest neighbor query: Given N points, find one with the smallest distance to a given query point
* All nearest neighbors problem (construction of the nearest-neighbor graph): Given N points, find a closest one for each of them
* Diameter (computational geometry): Given N points, find two with the largest distance between them
* Width of a point set: Given N points, find two (hyper)planes with the smallest distance between them and with all points between them
* Minimum spanning tree for a set of points
** Euclidean minimum spanning tree
* Delaunay triangulation
* Voronoi diagram
* Smallest enclosing sphere: Given N points, find a smallest sphere (circle) enclosing them all
* Largest empty circle: Given N points in the plane, find a largest circle centered within their convex hull and enclosing none of them
* Smallest enclosing rectangle: unlike the bounding box problem mentioned above, the rectangle may be of any orientation
* Largest empty rectangle
* Geometric spanner, a weighted graph over a set of points as its vertices which for every pair of vertices has a path between them of weight at most 'k' times the spatial distance between these points for a fixed 'k'.

## Other

* Shortest path among obstacles
* Distance of closest approach
# Makario Stadium

Makario Stadium (Greek: Μακάρειο Στάδιο), is an all-seater multi-purpose stadium in Nicosia, Cyprus. It was the largest and main sports venue of the capital up to the construction of the GSP stadium in 1999. At present it is mostly used for football matches and is the home ground of Olympiakos Nicosia, Digenis Morphou, and Ethnikos Assia. The stadium holds 15,590 seated spectators. The playing field is surrounded by a running track and can be adapted to hold most track and field events. Apart from corporate boxes and the press centre, there are no coverings for spectators.
It is built in the Nicosia suburb of Makedonitissa, close to the grounds of the Cyprus State Fair, with which it shares a large car park.
Over the years it has served as the home ground for Nicosia teams such as AC Omonia, APOEL and Olympiakos. The Cypriot national team has also played home matches there in the past. All those teams have now relocated to the New GSP stadium. The ultras of APOEL (PANSYFI - AU79) and Omonia (Gate-9) were formed during the years their teams played at the stadium.
The Makario was built in 1978 and is named after Makarios III, the Ethnarch of Cyprus; Archbishop and first President of Cyprus. It has hosted many Cypriot Cup and Super Cup finals and was the main venue for the 1989 Games of the Small States of Europe.
The record for the highest attendance at the stadium was 30,000 spectators on 6 November 1985, for the match between Omonia Nicosia and Anderlecht in the 1985–86 European Cup last-16 round.
Publications of the time state that there were 34,000 spectators at the Makarios stadium, which is a record number of fans in Cypriot stadiums.
# Electoral district of Lockyer

Lockyer is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland.
The district consists primarily of Gatton and Laidley Shires and the northern parts of Beaudesert Shire. It includes the major town of Gatton and a number of smaller centres including Laidley, Helidon and Withcott. The eastern parts of the district are part of the outer southern suburbs of Ipswich and Brisbane in the area of Greenmount.
The district is bounded on the west by Toowoomba North, and Toowoomba South. On the southwest and south by Condamine, Southern Downs and Beaudesert. To the north and northwest by Nanango. To the northeast, where it passes south of Ipswich and Brisbane, it is bounded by Ipswich West, Ipswich, Moggill. To the east, it shares a boundary with the seat of Logan.
The electorate has been represented by Jim McDonald since the 2017 election. Pauline Hanson came within just 114 votes of being elected at the 2015 election with a 49.78 percent two-candidate vote.
Hanson's subsequent election to the Senate in 2016 precluded her from running in Lockyer again in 2017.

## Members for Lockyer

First incarnation (1888–1932) :
| Member | Member | Party | Term |
| | William North | Unaligned | 1888–1893 |
| | William Drayton Armstrong | Various$^1$ | 1893–1904 |
| | Michael O'Keefe | Ministerialist | 1904–1907 |
| | William Drayton Armstrong | Various$^1$ | 1907–1918 |
| | Cuthbert Butler | Labor | 1918–1920 |
| | George Logan | Country | 1920–1929 |
| | Charles Jamieson | Independent | 1929–1932 |
| Second incarnation (1950–present) ||||
| Member | Member | Party | Term |
| | (Sir) Gordon Chalk | Liberal | 1950–1976 |
| | Tony Bourke | Liberal | 1976–1980 |
| | Tony Fitzgerald | National | 1980–1998 |
| | Peter Prenzler | One Nation | 1998–1999 |
| | Peter Prenzler | City Country Alliance | 1999–2001 |
| | Bill Flynn | One Nation | 2001–2004 |
| | Ian Rickuss | National | 2004–2008 |
| | Ian Rickuss | Liberal National | 2008–2017 |
| | Jim McDonald | Liberal National | 2017–present |
$^1$ William Drayton Armstrong alternately listed his party alignment as Liberal, Opposition, and Ministeralist (twice). The parliamentary members' register does not list dates for these changes.

## Election results

2024 Queensland state election: Lockyer :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal National | Jim McDonald | 17,909 | 52.7 | +7.6 |
| | Labor | Euan Tiernan | 6,758 | 19.9 | −4.8 |
| | One Nation | Corey West | 5,351 | 15.8 | +2.5 |
| | Greens | Paul Toner | 2,120 | 6.2 | +1.3 |
| | Family First | Julie Rose | 1,822 | 5.4 | +5.4 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 33,960 | 96.1 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,363 | 3.9 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 35,323 | | |
| Two-party-preferred result ||||||
| | Liberal National | Jim McDonald | 23,488 | 69.2 | +7.6 |
| | Labor | Euan Tiernan | 10,472 | 30.8 | −7.6 |
| | Liberal National hold | Liberal National hold | Swing | +7.6 | |
# Labeo curriei

Labeo curriei is fish in genus Labeo. It is found in the Saint Paul River in Liberia. It may also be present in the Corubal River in Guinea-Bissau.
# Łajsce

Łajsce is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tarnowiec, within Jasło County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Tarnowiec, 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Jasło, and 53 km (33 mi) south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów.
# François Marits

François Marits (25 November 1884 – 2 April 1945) was a Dutch sports shooter. He competed in the 25 m rapid fire pistol event at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He died towards the end of World War II in the Gestapo HQ in Hannover.
# Tsedendorjiin Bazarsüren

Tsedendorjiin Bazarsüren (born 19 January 1957) is a Mongolian archer.

## Career

She finished 29th in the women's individual event at the 1980 Summer Olympic Games with 2112 points scored.
# Lençóis Airport

Coronel Horácio de Mattos Airport (IATA: LEC, ICAO: SBLE) is the airport serving Lençóis and Chapada Diamantina National Park, Brazil. It is named after Horácio Queiróz de Mattos (1882-1931), a politician who fought against the Prestes Insurrection between 1925 and 1927.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Azul Brazilian Airlines | Salvador da Bahia |

## Access

The airport is located at Chapada Diamantina National Park, 20 km (12 mi) from downtown Lençóis.
# Dimitar Georgiev (sailor)

Dimitar Georgiev (Bulgarian: Димитър Георгиев; born 24 August 1958) is a Bulgarian sailor. He competed in the Flying Dutchman event at the 1980 Summer Olympics. Georgiev, alongside his sailing partner Mitko Kabakov, finished 14th in the competition.
# John Dunkel

John Dunkel (February 21, 1915 – February 22, 2001) was an American screenwriter. In the 1930s he wrote for CBS Radio in Hollywood, California. Dunkel wrote for television programs including Gunsmoke, Bonanza, The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp, Wagon Train, The Californians, The Virginian, Laramie, The Big Valley and Rawhide. He died in February 2001 of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 86.
# Al-Aqsa Mosque (disambiguation)

The Al-Aqsa Mosque building, also known as the Qibli Mosque/Chapel, is the congregational prayer hall at the southern end of the greater Al-Aqsa compound.
Al-Aqsa Mosque or Aqsa Mosque may also refer to:

## Other places

* Aqsa Mosque, Rabwah, a mosque in Rabwah, Pakistan
* Aqsa Mosque, Qadian, a mosque in Qadian, India
* Aqsa Mosque, The Hague, a mosque and former synagogue in The Hague, Netherlands
* Al-Qibli Mosque, one of the oldest mosques in Riyadh
# Tang kins

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#REDIRECT Inner kins (Chinese)
# Total Access Recording

33°51′34″N 118°22′10″W﻿ / ﻿33.85944°N 118.36944°W﻿ / 33.85944; -118.36944
Total Access Recording is a recording studio located in Redondo Beach, California, owned and operated by founder Wyn Davis and Steve Ornest. Total Access opened for business in December 1980. The first clients of the studio were bands signed with SST Records, whose owner Greg Ginn had made a "bulk recording deal" with Davis. Producer Ken Scott is also a client of the studio.

## Notable clients

* Black Flag
* Descendents
* Colleen D'Agostino
* Dio
* Dokken
* Foreigner
* Gastunk
* Great White
* Guns N' Roses
* Heaven & Hell
* Hüsker Dü
* Iglesia Indica
* Jae Jin
* Long Beach Dub Allstars
* Minutemen
* No Doubt
* Pennywise
* Pepper
* Saint Vitus
* Slightly Stoopid
* SNEW
* Sublime
* Unwritten Law
# West Ridgley

West Ridgley is a locality and small rural community in the local government area of Burnie in the North West region of Tasmania. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-west of the town of Burnie. The 2016 census determined a population of 125 for the state suburb of West Ridgley.

## History

The locality was gazetted in 1966.

## Geography

The Guide River forms the eastern boundary, and the Cam River forms the western boundary.

## Road infrastructure

The C104 route (West Ridgley Road / Guide Road) enters from the east and runs south-west before exiting to the south. Route C105 (West Ridgley Road / Serpentine Road) starts and finishes at two intersections with route C104, performing a loop that runs west, south and east.