# Doris Hart

Doris Hart (June 20, 1925 – May 29, 2015) was an American tennis player who was active in the 1940s and first half of the 1950s. She was ranked world No. 1 in 1951. She was the fourth player, and second woman, to win a Career Grand Slam in singles. She was the first of only three players (all women) to complete the career "Boxed Set" of Grand Slam titles, which is winning at least one title in singles, doubles, and mixed doubles at all four Grand Slam events. Only she and Margaret Court achieved this during the amateur era of the sport.
Hart played collegiate tennis for the Miami Hurricanes at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida.

## Tennis career

Hart reached 67 Grand Slam finals and won 35 titles, tying with Louise Brough for sixth on the all-time list (behind Margaret Smith Court (64), Martina Navratilova (59), Billie Jean King (39), Serena Williams (39), and Margaret Osborne duPont (37)). Six of her titles were in women's singles, 14 in women's doubles, and 15 in mixed doubles. Hart is one of only three players, all women, to have a "boxed set" of Grand Slam titles — every possible title (singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles) from all four Grand Slam tournaments. The others are Margaret Smith Court and Martina Navratilova. Hart was the first person to accomplish this feat.
As a child, Hart suffered from osteomyelitis, which resulted in a permanently impaired right leg. She started playing tennis when she was 10 years old, greatly encouraged by her brother Bud.
After losing seven Grand Slam finals from 1942 through 1946, Hart won her first Grand Slam title at the 1947 Wimbledon Championships in women's doubles. At that point, she was still a student at the University of Miami.
Her first Grand Slam singles title came at the 1949 Australian National Championships, where she was the only non-Australian player in the draw. She also won singles titles at the 1950 and 1952 French International Championships, the 1951 Wimbledon Championships (routing doubles partner Shirley Fry in the final), and the 1954 and 1955 U.S. National Championships. The 1955 U.S. singles final was the last Grand Slam singles match of her career.
Hart won the singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles titles at the 1951 Wimbledon Championships, playing the finals of all three events on the same day (July 7, 1951). She also won the "triple crown" at the 1952 French International Championships and the 1954 U.S. National Championships.
During her Wightman Cup career from 1946 through 1955, Hart was a perfect 14–0 in singles matches and 8–1 in doubles matches.
Hart did not lose a Grand Slam women's doubles match from the 1951 French International Championships through the semifinals of the 1954 Wimbledon Championships, 43 matches in total, although she skipped 4 Grand Slam tournaments during this period. She also did not lose a mixed doubles match at the 13 Grand Slam tournaments she played from the 1951 French International Championships through the 1955 U.S. National Championships. She (and partner Stan Smith) lost in the third round of the 1968 Wimbledon Championships to Frew McMillan and Annette Van Zyl Du Plooy 6–3, 12–10.
According to John Olliff and Lance Tingay of The Daily Telegraph and the Daily Mail, Hart was ranked in the world top 10 from 1946 through 1955 (no rankings issued from 1940 through 1945), reaching a career high of world No. 1 in those rankings in 1951. Hart was included in the year-end top 10 rankings issued by the United States Lawn Tennis Association from 1942 through 1955. She was the top ranked U.S. player in 1954 and 1955.
Hart retired from the tour in late 1955 to become a tennis teaching professional. Her autobiography Tennis with Hart was published that year.
She was inducted into the inaugural Class of 1967 inductees to the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame and inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1969.
She died on May 29, 2015, at her home in Coral Gables, Florida, at age 89.

## Grand Slam finals
### Singles (6 titles, 12 runners-up)

| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Loss | 1946 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Pauline Betz | 9–11, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1947 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Margaret Osborne duPont | 2–6, 4–6 |
| Loss | 1947 | French Championships | Clay | Patricia Canning Todd | 3–6, 6–3, 4–6 |
| Loss | 1948 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Louise Brough | 3–6, 6–8 |
| Win | 1949 | Australian Championships | Grass | Nancye Wynne Bolton | 6–3, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1949 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Margaret Osborne duPont | 3–6, 1–6 |
| Loss | 1950 | Australian Championships | Grass | Louise Brough | 4–6, 6–3, 4–6 |
| Win | 1950 | French Championships | Clay | Patricia Canning Todd | 6–4, 4–6, 6–2 |
| Loss | 1950 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Margaret Osborne duPont | 4–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1951 | French Championships | Clay | Shirley Fry | 3–6, 6–3, 3–6 |
| Win | 1951 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | 6–1, 6–0 |
| Win | 1952 | French Championships | Clay | Shirley Fry | 6–4, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1952 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Maureen Connolly | 3–6, 5–7 |
| Loss | 1953 | French Championships | Clay | Maureen Connolly | 2–6, 4–6 |
| Loss | 1953 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Maureen Connolly | 6–8, 5–7 |
| Loss | 1953 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Maureen Connolly | 2–6, 4–6 |
| Win | 1954 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Louise Brough | 6–8, 6–1, 8–6 |
| Win | 1955 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Patricia Ward | 6–4, 6–2 |

### Doubles (14 titles, 16 runners-up)

| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 1942 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Pauline Betz | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 6–2, 5–7, 0–6 |
| Loss | 1943 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Pauline Betz | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 4–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1944 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Pauline Betz | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 6–4, 4–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1945 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Pauline Betz | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 3–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1946 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Pauline Betz | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 3–6, 6–2, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1946 | French Championships | Clay | Pauline Betz | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 4–6, 6–0, 1–6 |
| Win | 1947 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Patricia Canning Todd | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 3–6, 6–4, 7–5 |
| Loss | 1947 | French Championships | Clay | Patricia Canning Todd | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 5–7, 2–6 |
| Loss | 1947 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Patricia Canning Todd | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 7–5, 3–6, 5–7 |
| Win | 1948 | French Championships | Clay | Patricia Canning Todd | Mary Arnold Prentiss Shirley Fry | 6–4, 6–2 |
| Loss | 1948 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Patricia Canning Todd | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 1–6, 1–6 |
| Loss | 1948 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Patricia Canning Todd | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 4–6, 10–8, 1–6 |
| Loss | 1949 | Australian Championships | Grass | Marie Toomey | Nancye Wynne Bolton Thelma Coyne Long | 0–6, 1–6 |
| Loss | 1949 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 4–6, 8–10 |
| Win | 1950 | Australian Championships | Grass | Louise Brough | Nancye Wynne Bolton Thelma Coyne Long | 6–3, 2–6, 6–3 |
| Win | 1950 | French Championships | Clay | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 1–6, 7–5, 6–2 |
| Loss | 1950 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 4–6, 7–5, 1–6 |
| Loss | 1950 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 2–6, 3–6 |
| Win | 1951 | French Championships | Clay | Shirley Fry | Beryl Bartlett Barbara Scofield | 10–8, 6–3 |
| Win | 1951 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 6–2, 13–11 |
| Win | 1951 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Nancy Chaffee Patricia Canning Todd | 6–4, 6–2 |
| Win | 1952 | French Championships | Clay | Shirley Fry | Hazel Redick-Smith Julia Wipplinger | 7–5, 6–1 |
| Win | 1952 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Maureen Connolly | 8–6, 6–3 |
| Win | 1952 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Maureen Connolly | 10–8, 6–4 |
| Win | 1953 | French Championships | Clay | Shirley Fry | Maureen Connolly Julia Sampson | 6–4, 6–3 |
| Win | 1953 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Maureen Connolly Julia Sampson | 6–0, 6–0 |
| Win | 1953 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 6–2, 7–9, 9–7 |
| Loss | 1954 | Wimbledon Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 6–4, 7–9, 1–6 |
| Win | 1954 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 6–4, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1955 | U.S. National Championships | Grass | Shirley Fry | Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont | 3–6, 6–1, 3–6 |

### Mixed doubles: 19 (15 titles, 4 runners-up)

| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 1945 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Bob Falkenburg | Margaret Osborne duPont Bill Talbert | 4–6, 4–6 |
| Loss | 1948 | French Championships | Clay | Frank Sedgman | Pat Canning Todd Jaroslav Drobný | 3–6, 6–3, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1948 | Wimbledon | Grass | Frank Sedgman | Louise Brough John Bromwich | 2–6, 6–3, 3–6 |
| Win | 1949 | Australian Championships | Grass | Frank Sedgman | Joyce Fitch John Bromwich | 6–1, 5–7, 12–10 |
| Win | 1950 | Australian Championships | Grass | Frank Sedgman | Joyce Fitch Eric Sturgess | 8–6, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1950 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Frank Sedgman | Margaret Osborne duPont Ken McGregor | 4–6, 6–3, 3–6 |
| Win | 1951 | French Championships | Clay | Frank Sedgman | Thelma Coyne Long Mervyn Rose | 7–5, 6–2 |
| Win | 1951 | Wimbledon | Grass | Frank Sedgman | Nancye Wynne Bolton Mervyn Rose | 7–5, 6–2 |
| Win | 1951 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Frank Sedgman | Shirley Fry Mervyn Rose | 6–3, 6–2 |
| Win | 1952 | Wimbledon | Grass | Frank Sedgman | Thelma Coyne Long Enrique Morea | 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 |
| Win | 1952 | French Championships | Clay | Frank Sedgman | Shirley Fry Eric Sturgess | 6–8, 6–3, 6–3 |
| Win | 1952 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Frank Sedgman | Thelma Long Lew Hoad | 6–3, 7–5 |
| Win | 1953 | French Championships | Clay | Vic Seixas | Maureen Connolly Mervyn Rose | 4–6, 6–4, 6–0 |
| Win | 1953 | Wimbledon | Grass | Vic Seixas | Shirley Fry Enrique Morea | 9–7, 7–5 |
| Win | 1953 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Vic Seixas | Julia Sampson Rex Hartwig | 6–2, 4–6, 6–4 |
| Win | 1954 | Wimbledon | Grass | Vic Seixas | Margaret duPont Ken Rosewall | 5–7, 6–4, 6–3 |
| Win | 1955 | Wimbledon | Grass | Vic Seixas | Louise Brough Enrique Morea | 8–6, 2–6, 6–3 |
| Win | 1954 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Vic Seixas | Margaret duPont Ken Rosewall | 4–6, 6–1, 6–1 |
| Win | 1955 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Vic Seixas | Shirley Fry Gardnar Mulloy | 7–5, 5–7, 6–2 |

## Grand Slam performance timelines

Key :
| W | F | SF | QF | #R | RR | Q# | DNQ | A | NH |

### Singles

| Tournament | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946$^1$ | 1947$^1$ | 1948 | 1949 | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | Career SR | Win–loss |
| Australian Championships | A | NH | NH | NH | NH | NH | A | A | A | W | F | A | A | A | A | A | 1 / 2 | 8-1 |
| French Championships | NH | R | R | R | R | A | QF | F | SF | A | W | F | W | F | A | A | 2 / 7 | 28-5 |
| Wimbledon Championships | NH | NH | NH | NH | NH | NH | QF | F | F | A | SF | W | QF | F | SF | SF | 1 / 9 | 43-8 |
| U.S. National Championships | 2R$^2$ | 1R | QF | SF | QF | SF | F | SF | QF | F | F | SF | F | F | W | W | 2 / 16 | 57-13 |
| SR | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 3 | 1 / 2 | 1 / 4 | 1 / 3 | 1 / 3 | 0 / 3 | 1 / 2 | 1 / 2 | 6 / 34 | |
| Win–loss | 0-0 | 0-1 | 3-1 | 3-1 | 2-1 | 3-1 | 10-3 | 14-3 | 11-3 | 9-1 | 20-3 | 15-2 | 13-2 | 14-3 | 10-1 | 9-1 | | 136-27 |

### Doubles

| Tournament | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946$^1$ | 1947$^1$ | 1948 | 1949 | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956– 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | Career SR |
| Australian Championships | NH | NH | NH | NH | A | A | A | F | W | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 1 / 2 |
| French Championships | R | R | R | A | F | F | W | A | W | W | W | W | A | A | A | A | A | 5 / 7 |
| Wimbledon Championships | NH | NH | NH | NH | F | W | F | A | F | W | W | W | F | 2R | A | 2R | A | 4 / 10 |
| U.S. National Championships | F | F | F | F | SF | F | F | F | F | W | W | W | W | F | A | A | 1R | 4 / 15 |
| SR | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 3 | 1 / 3 | 1 / 3 | 0 / 2 | 2 / 4 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 1 / 2 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 14 / 34 |

### Mixed doubles

| Tournament | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946$^1$ | 1947$^1$ | 1948 | 1949 | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956–1967 | 1968 | 1969 | Career SR |
| Australian Championships | NH | NH | NH | NH | A | A | A | W | W | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 2 / 2 |
| French Championships | R | R | R | A | 2R | A | F | A | 3R | W | W | W | A | A | A | A | A | 3 / 6 |
| Wimbledon Championships | NH | NH | NH | NH | 4R | SF | F | A | SF | W | W | W | W | W | A | 3R | A | 5 / 10 |
| U.S. National Championships | 2R | 1R | QF | F | QF | 1R | SF | QF | F | W | W | W | W | W | A | A | QF | 5 / 15 |
| SR | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 3 | 1 / 2 | 1 / 4 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 2 / 2 | 2 / 2 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 15 / 33 |
R = tournament restricted to French nationals and held under German occupation. $^1$In 1946 and 1947, the French Championships were held after Wimbledon. $^2$Hart did not play at this event. Her opponent got a walkover.