# Mohammad Ali Fardin

Mohammad-Ali Fardin (Persian: محمدعلی فردین, 4 February 1931 – 6 April 2000) was a prominent Iranian actor, film director and freestyle wrestler and was the runner-up in world wrestling. [1] He started his film career in the late 1950s and was a big star of Iranian cinema for two decades from the 1960s onwards. He was mostly famous for portraying masculinity and chivalry in Persian films. The undisputed box office champion of the era, Fardin captivated millions of viewers in his 25-year career. Between 1961 and 1976, he acted in the most popular movies of the year in Iranian cinema. He was active in wrestling and won a silver medal in the 1954 World Championship. He then started his first professional appearance in the cinema with the invitation of Ismail Kushan by playing a role in Cheshme Ab Hayat (1959). Soltane Ghalbha, Alley of Men, Ganj-e Qarun, Midnight Cry, Mr. 20th Century, The Secret of the Elder Tree, The Waiting Beach, Baba Shamal, The Rendezvous of Khashm, The Crookes (film), Ayyub, Barzakhi, Hell + Me, and Jabar the corporal escapes are some of his prominent films. Fardin's popularity as an actor is mainly due to the characters he has portrayed in his films.

## Biography
### Early life

Fardin was born and raised in a poor area in southern Tehran. He was the eldest of three children. After graduating from high school, Fardin joined the Air Force and became a freestyle wrestler in his twenties; he won a silver medal at the 1954 World Wrestling Championships and placed fourth in 1957.

### Acting

Fardin was a popular lead actor in Iranian cinema, and was known by the title, King of Hearts, after his lead role in an Iranian film of the same title (Soltane Ghalbha).
He rose to fame in the 1960s. For the average Iranian, he was a heroic figure who served as an alternative to non Iranian movie stars. He was stereotypically cast as the poor tough guy with the heart of gold who got the girl at the end. His films include, Behesht Door Nist, Ghazal, and Ganje Qarun. After the 1979 Iranian Revolution, he starred in only two more films, Bar Faraz -e- Asemanha and Barzakhiha.
He also acted in the Indo Iranian Bollywood film Subah O Sham (1972) starring alongside Waheeda Rehman, Sanjeev Kapoor, Simin Ghaffari and Azar. The film was directed by Tapi Chanakya. His voice in the film was dubbed by Satyen Kappu.

### Post-Revolutionary Limitations

Fardin was banned from working for almost the entire time that he lived through the post-revolutionary period. He could only act in one film, The Imperilled (Barzakhi-ha), which was released in 1982 and resulted in his life-time ban. The Imperilled was directed by Iraj Ghaderi and had four pre-revolutionary male stars in the lead roles. With its patriotic story about resisting foreign invasion, it was a chance for Fardin, Malek-Motiei, Ghaderi and Rad to renew their threatened careers as actors in the post-revolutionary atmosphere. The film was a hit and became the highest grossing Iranian film of all time in its short period of screening in theaters. But it was soon banned and consequently the four actors were banned from working. Saeed Motalebi, an established writer and director in the pre-revolutionary era, was the writer of the film. He is one of the people who has repeatedly recounted stories about how the film and the actors were banned. About how the film's success was turned into disaster Motalebi says:
   In one friday Mr. Mohsen Makhmalbaf gathered a couple of people and they started collecting signatures for a petition which was written on a scroll, stating that "We have made a revolution while these actors are transgressors." They did it right in front of that theater in the Revolution Square near the university of Tehran. They said "Look how theaters are crowded while friday events are deserted." That's how they stopped my film. Then a reporter who was queued to ask something about our film, went and told the then prime minister (Mir-Hossein Mousavi) "There is a film in theaters whose writer wants to convey that people who are fighting in the fronts are problematic persons." The prime minister replied "These are leftovers of junk intellectuals who will soon go to the dustbin of history." Malek-Motiei became jobless and turned his garage into a pastry shop. Ghaderi put some rice bags in his office and became a rice dealer. Fardin opened a pastry shop too and when I went to visit him, I used to wait outside as long as there were no customers so that he wouldn't feel ashamed when he saw me. These were all caused by those illogical efforts which I will never forgive.

### Death

Fardin died as a result of cardiac arrest on 6 April 2000 at the age of 69. The news of his death was largely ignored by state radio and television, which was run according to the dictates of the Islamic establishment, who had disapproved of his acting career and had banned his films post the 1979 revolution. He was buried in the Behesht-e-Zahra cemetery in Tehran. More than 20,000 mourners attended his funeral in Tehran.

## Filmography

Actor
* Cheshme-ye Ab-e Hayat (1960)
* Farda Roshan Ast (1960)
* Faryad-e Nime Shab (1961) - Amir
* Bive-haye Khandan (1961)
* Dokhtari Faryad Mikeshad (1962)
* Tala-ye Sefid (1962)
* Gorg-haye Gorosne (1962)
* Zamin-e Talkh (1962)
* Zan-ha Fereshte-and (1963)
* Sahel-e Entezar (1963) - Ahmad
* Agha-ye Gharn-e Bistom (1964) - Dash Habib
* Masir-e Roodkhaneh (1964) - Mahmood
* Ensan-ha (1964) - Amir
* Tarane-haye Roostaei (1964)
* Jahanam Zir-e Pa-ye Man (1964) - Yargholi
* Dehkade-ye Talaei (1965)
* Ghahraman-e Gharamanan (1965) - Hassan Ferfere
* Babr-e Koohestan (1965) - Majid
* Eshgh-o Entegham (1965)
* Khoshgel-e Khoshgela (1965)
* Ganj-e Gharoon (1965) - Ali bigham
* Moo Tatalei-e Shahre Ma (1965)
* Hatam-e Taei (1966) - Jalal
* AmirArsalan-e Namdar (1966) - Amir Arsalan
* Mardi az Tehran (1966)
* Gadayan-e Tehran (1966)
* Jahan Pahlavan (1966)
* Wadi al mot (1967)
* Toofan-e Nooh (1967)
* Charkh-e Falak (1967) - Mamal Feshfesheh
* Toofan Bar Faraz-e Patra (1968)
* Ed ora... raccomanda l'anima a Dio! (1968) - Stanley Maserick
* Soltan-e Ghalb-ha (1968) - Saeed
* Shokooh-e Javanmardi (1968)
* Khashm-e Kowli (1968)
* Mardan-e Bokos (1968)
* Na’re Toofan (1969) - Toofan
* Donya-ye Por Omid (1969)
* Ghasr-e Zarrin (1969) - The Youngest Son
* Donya-ye poromid (1969)
* Behesht Door Nist (1969)
* Sekke-ye Shans (1970)
* Yaghoot-e Se Cheshm (1970)
* Mardi az Jonoob-e Shahr (1970) - Hadi
* Kooche Mard-ha (1970) - Ali
* Ayoob (1971) - Ayyoob
* Yek Khoshkel va Hezar Moshkel (1971)
* Mard-e Hezar Labkhand (1971)
* Baba Shamal (1971) - Baba Shamal
* Mi’adGah-e Khashm (1971) - Ghadam
* Mardan-e Khashen (1971) - Nasir
* Homa-ye Sa’adat (1971) - Aram
* Raze Derakhte Senjed (1971)
* Jahanam + Man (1972)
* Subah-O-Shaam (Persian: همای سعادت) is a 1972 Indo-Iranian film
* Jabbar, Sarjookhe Farari (1973)
* Ghesse-ye Shab (1973) - Mohsen
* Shekast Napazir (1974) - Akbar
* Salam bar Eshgh (1974)
* Najoor-ha (1974)
* Javanmard (1974)
* Movazebe Kolat Bash (1975) - Farhad
* Ta’asob (1975)
* Gharar-e Bozorg (1975) - Amir
* Ghazal (1976) - Hojjat
* Bar Faraz-e Aseman-ha (1978) - Ramin / Shahin
* Barzakhi-ha (1982) - Seyyed Yaqub (final film role)