OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Philippine collared dove

The Philippine collared dove (Streptopelia dusumieri) is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the island collared dove (S. bitorquata).
The species occurs in the Philippines where it is called locally as bato-bato de collar. It has also been introduced into Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, although the population on Guam has been severely reduced by introduced brown tree snakes. Its natural habitats are open grassland and agricultural land with trees and scrub. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the island collared dove. This species is threatened and is now rare in its native range due to interspecific competition from the Spotted dove and Red collared dove.

## Description and taxonomy

EBird describes the bird as "Brownish dove with a short collar of large dark scales, a gray head, and a pinkish flush on the neck and breast. Native to the Philippines, where now declining and uncommon; fairly common in introduced range Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands. Favors open forest and edges in its native range; often in towns and cities where introduced. Gives a loud, somewhat melancholy 'cOO-cuh-COO'."
Was considered conspecific with the Sunda collared dove as part of the Island collared dove species complex. Differs in a stronger contrast black and white tail but a weaker contrast in the undertail, a paler collar with a green sheen and scales and no white band, rusty pink plummage, shorter bill and a different song.
This species is monotypic and has no subspecies.

## Ecology and behavior

This species' diet has yet to be studied comprehensively but it is pressumed to be the same as the Sunda collared dove which feeds mostly on seeds and feeds from the ground. It is typically observed singly or in pairs.
Breeding season is March to May. Nests 1 to 7 meters from the ground in branches in low trees at clearings, fishponds and mangroves. Nest is described as a typical flimsy dove nest consisting on messily arranged twigs. Clutch size is 2 to 3 eggs.

## Habitat and conservation status

An open country species inhabiting grassland and agricultural land with trees and scrub, while introduced populations are found in urban areas. Breeding has been recorded in March and May in the Philippines.
IUCN has assessed this bird as vulnerable with its population continuing to decline. Its main threat is heavy interspecific competition from spotted doves and red collared doves. In Guam where the birds are still fairly common, nest success rate is just 2 to 5% in urban areas and 0 to 3% in forest habitat.
Conservation actions proposed to clarify nature and extent of threat from spotted doves and red collared doves are identification of remaining strongholds, monitoring of population trends, and assessment of desirability and feasibility of the control of competing species.
# Philippine drongo-cuckoo

The Philippine drongo-cuckoo (Surniculus velutinus) is a bird of the cuckoo family found only in the Philippines. It was formerly a subspecies of the Square-tailed drongo-cuckoo. It is found tropical moist lowland forest up to 1,000 meters above sea level. It is declining due to habitat loss.

## Description and taxonomy

It is 23 centimetres (9.1 in) long. The black bill is slender and curved and the tail is fairly long and slightly forked. The plumage is mostly glossy blue-black apart from a white bar on the underwing and white marks on the thigh feathers and on the underside of the tail. Young birds are duller than the adults but otherwise similar unlike young Square-tailed drongo-cuckoo which are spotted white. The call is a repeated series of 8 or 9 ascending notes.
It belongs to the genus Surniculus along with the Square-tailed drongo-cuckoo (S. lugubris). The two were previously classified as a single species but are now often separated based on differences in calls and juvenile plumage.

### Subspecies

Two subspecies are recognized:
* S. v. velutinus – Found on Mindanao, Samar, Leyte, Bohol and the Mindanao
* S. v. chalybaeus – Found on Luzon, Panay and Negros.
* S. v. suluensis – Found on Sulu Archipelago

## Ecology and behavior

It inhabits the canopy and middle storey of lowland forest where it feeds on insects. . It is usually shy and solitary.
Nothing is known about its breeding habits, nest and fledgeling.

## Habitat and conservation status

Its natural habitats at tropical moist lowland primary forest, secondary forest and bamboo woodland up to 1,000 meters above sea level.
The IUCN has classified the species as being of Least Concern where it is said to be locally common. However, the population is believed to be declining due to deforestation from land conversion, Illegal logging and slash-and-burn farming.
Occurs in a many protected areas in Bataan National Park, Bulusan Volcano Natural Park, Angat Watershed Forest Reserve, Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park on Luzon, Pasonanca Natural Park, Mount Kitanglad, Mount Apo on Mindanao and Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape in Bohol and Samar Island Natural Park in Samar. While all of these areas are protected by law, deforestation, mining, hunting and habitat loss still continue in some of these protected areas.
# Queen Elizabeth II Law Courts, Liverpool

The Queen Elizabeth II Law Courts, in Derby Square, Liverpool, are operated by His Majesty's Courts and Tribunals Service. The building is used by the Crown Court, the Magistrates' Court, Liverpool District Probate Registry and the Liverpool Youth Court.

## History

Until the mid-1980s, all Crown Court cases were heard in St George's Hall. However, as the number of court cases in Liverpool grew, it became necessary to commission a more modern courthouse for both criminal and civil matters: the site selected by the Lord Chancellor's Department had been occupied by Liverpool Castle between the 13th and 18th century.
The new building was commissioned by the now-defunct Property Services Agency, who were seeking a design which expressed authority and power. Construction of the new building started in 1973. It was designed by Farmer and Dark in the brutalist style, built with vertically ribbed pre-cast concrete panels in dark, reddish tones at a cost of £43.4 million, and was officially opened in 1984.
Hearings of the Liverpool Magistrates Court, which had been held at the courthouse in Dale Street, transferred to the Queen Elizabeth II Law Courts in 2015.

## Architecture

The design by Farmer and Dark features towers on the north and south sides which were intended to echo Liverpool Castle. Pollard and Pevsner describe the architecture as "hulking" and "dispiriting", but "richly sculptural". The front facade of the building features a four metres wide version of the Royal coat of arms. Cast in concrete, it was designed by British sculptor Richard Kindersley. The interior, which accommodates 28 court rooms on 10 storeys, contains strips of brown ceramic tiles in strips between the staircase tower windows.

## Notable trials

Notable trials have included:
* The trial and acquittal of Ken Dodd for tax evasion in 1990
* The trial and conviction of Michael Barton for the murder of Anthony Walker in 2005
* The trial and conviction of Sean Mercer for the murder of Rhys Jones in 2008
* The trial and conviction of the Gooch gang for murder in 2009
# Bad Griesbach

Bad Griesbach im Rottal (Central Bavarian: Bod Griasboch (im Rottoi)), or just Bad Griesbach, is a town in the district of Passau in Bavaria in Germany.

## History

"Burg Griesbach" is first mentioned in a document from around 1076. The place was part of Landshut. It was raided and destroyed by an army from the Electorate of the Palatinate in 1504, only to be re-erected soon afterwards. In 1778/79 Griesbach was occupied by Austrian forces. As part of the Dukedom Bavaria, Griesbach im Rottal (official name) became more independent. In 1953 it was officially turned into a town (Kleinstadt).
The Bavarian reform of 1972 merged the municipalities of Karpfham, Parzham, Reutern, St. Salvator and Weng. The discovery of hot springs in 1972/73 lead to a new orientation as a spa town.

## Mayors

The mayor is Jürgen Fundke, he was elected in 2008 with 58% of the votes and re-elected in 2014 and 2020. He is the successor of Robert Erdl (CSU). The predecessors were Konrad Ebner (CSU) and Edmund Mitzam.

## Notable people

* The Holy Conrad of Parzham (born Johann Birndorfer) was born on December 22, 1818, in the hamlet Parzham, (died 1894), since 1977 Konrad is the patron saint of Bad Griesbach
* Josef Altstötter (1892-1979), lawyer, secretary of state in the ministry of justice and war criminal, was born in Griesbach
* Franz Beckenbauer (1945–2024), football player and manager, is, together with the bathroom pioneer Alois Hartl, since 2003 honorary citizen of Bad Griesbach.

## International relations

Bad Griesbach (Rottal) is twinned with:
* Friesach, Austria
# Philippine oriole

The Philippine oriole (Oriolus steerii) or grey-throated oriole is a species of bird in the family Oriolidae. It is endemic to the Philippine found on Mindanao and most of the Visayan Islands.
Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests. The species is fairly common throughout its range, but the Cebu race (O. s. assimilis) was last sighted in 1906 and is now classified as extinct.

## Description and taxonomy

EBird describes the bird as "Medium-sized brownish swiftlet with a weakly forked tail. Found only in the Philippine lowlands. Typically encountered alone or in loose groups over various open habitats, often soaring high. Fairly uniform brown plumage, lack of a pale rump, and size distinguish this species from most others in the area; Philippine Swiftlet is the most similar but is smaller, has a more square-tipped tail, and generally favors higher elevations (typically 700 meters and above)."
First described by Richard Bowdler Sharpe in 1877, the Philippine oriole is a member of the genus Oriolus. Some authorities have considered it to be conspecific with, or as a subspecies of, the dark-throated oriole. These two species may form a superspecies with the Isabela oriole.

### Subspecies

Five subspecies are recognized:
* O. s. samarensis - Steere, 1890: Found on Samar, Leyte, Bohol and eastern Mindanao
* †Cebu dark-throated oriole (O. s. assimilis) - Tweeddale, 1878: Originally described as a separate species. Formerly found on Cebu
* O. s. steerii - Sharpe, 1877: Found on Masbate and Negros
* O. s. basilanicus - Ogilvie-Grant, 1896: Found on Basilan and western Mindanao
* O. s. cinereogenys - Bourns & Worcester, 1894: Found in the Sulu Archipelago

## Ecology and behavior

Its diet has not yet been recorded but it is presumed to feed on insects, fruits, nectar and berries. Occurs singly, in small groups or with mixed-species flocks of other medium sized birds like Bar-bellied cuckooshrike, Black-bibbed cicadabird and Philippine leafbird.
There is no information about its breeding habits and nesting.

## Habitat and conservation status

This species habitat is primary and secondary forest up to 1,200 meters above sea level.
IUCN has assessed this bird as least-concern species with the population believed to be stable. However, deforestation in the Philippines continues throughout the country due to slash and burn farming, mining, illegal logging and habitat conversion. This species is still trapped for the pet trade.
It is found in multiple protected areas such as Pasonanca Natural Park, Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape, Northern Negros Natural Park and Samar Island Natural Park but like all areas in the Philippines, protection is lax and deforestation continues despite this protection on paper.
# Philippine pygmy woodpecker

The Philippine pygmy woodpecker (Yungipicus maculatus), also known as the Philippine woodpecker, is a species of bird in the woodpecker family (Picidae). Its local name in Kapampangan is Anluage. It is endemic to the Philippines, found throughout the entire country except the Sulu Archipelago and Palawan. It is the smallest woodpecker in the country and is common throughout, found even in urban areas in cities.

## Description and taxonomy

Ebird describes this species as "A small woodpecker of foothill and low-elevation montane forest and more open wooded areas. White, speckled underparts reach a dotted moustache stripe on the face. Dark brown upperparts are cut by white barring on the back and white bands on the head. Male has a red mark on the back of the head. Unmistakable. No other woodpecker of a similar size occurs in its range. Voice includes a short, slightly metallic rattling trill."
Formerly the taxon included the Sulu pygmy woodpecker, which is now treated as distinct. These two and the Sulawesi pygmy woodpecker appear to form a superspecies. Some taxonomic authorities continue to place this species in the genus Dendrocopos or Picoides.

### Subspecies

Three subspecies are recognized:
* Y. m. maculatus — Found on Sibuyan, Panay, Gigantes, Guimaras, Negros and Cebu
* Y. m. validirostris — Found on Luzon, Lubang, Marinduque, Mindoro and Catanduanes; shorter-tailed than nominate, darker above, barred rump, distinct white supercilium usually , male with red reduced to small line on hindcrown side
* Y. m. fulvifasciatus — Found on Samar, Leyte, Bohol, Dinagat, Mindanao and Basilan; darkest in plummage, white rump, white ear coverts and buff wash below
Other named races are menagei (Sibuyan), leytensis (Samar, Calicoan, Leyte, Bohol) and apo (Mt Apo, on Mindanao), all considered insufficiently distinct and have been merged with the existing subspecies.

## Behaviour and ecology

Philippine pygmy woodpeckers feed mostly on insects. They are found singly, in pairs, and in small groups of up to 5, as well as sometimes joining mixed-species flocks that include Elegant tit, Sulphur-billed nuthatch, White-eyes and other small birds. They forage high up trees on twigs and smaller branches. They favor dead trees, where they typically peck and hammer before searching for food in bark and foliage
The species' breeding season is from February to August, during which it nests in holes in trees.

## Habitat and conservation status

It lives in primary or secondary forests, plantations, forest edge and even clearings with scattered trees and can be found at altitudes varying from up to 2,500 meters above sea level.
The IUCN Red List has assessed this bird as least-concern species as it is common throughout its range and is found throughout the entire Philippines. Its population is still said to be stable as it appears to be tolerant of degraded habitat.
# Philippine spinetail

The Philippine spinetail (Mearnsia picina), also known as the Philippine needletail or Philippine spine-tailed swift, is a species of swift in the family Apodidae. It is endemic to the Philippines found in the islands of Mindanao and Visayas. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss.

## Description

EBird describes the bird as "A little-known medium-sized, short-tailed swift found over forest, usually at higher elevations. Mainly black with obvious white throat and underwing patches. Wing shape is unusual, with a "cut-out" next to the body and pointed wing tips curved backward. Tail square, with spines that are difficult to see. Distinguished from other swifts in its range by the white marks under the wings. Voice unknown."
Formerly placed in the genus Chaetura but is now in Mearnsia. This species is monotypic and has no subspecies.

## Behaviour and ecology

It is seen alone or in small groups in high up in the air. It is pressumed to feed on flying insects. Nothing at all is known about its breeding habits.

## Habitat and conservation status

It appears to be reliant upon forested streams below 1,000 m and will tolerate secondary and selectively logged forest and even streamside vegetation within coconut plantations, close to forest edge.
IUCN has assessed this bird as near threatened.This species' main threat is habitat loss with wholesale clearance of forest habitats as a result of logging, agricultural conversion and mining activities occurring within the range. The close association with lowland forests suggests that this species may be highly susceptible to habitat loss through commercial logging, conversion for agriculture and plantation forestry, as well as urban developments and mining
# Shalimar Gardens

Shalimar Gardens may refer to the following Mughal gardens:
* Shalimar Bagh, Srinagar, India
* Shalimar Gardens, Delhi, India
** Shalimar Bagh Assembly constituency
** Shalimar Bagh metro station
* Shalimar Gardens, Lahore, Pakistan
# Nicholas Sèan Lander

Nicholas Lander is an Australian botanist.
# Syed Ghawas

Syed Ghawas was a Pakistan Army general who served as a Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. He was appointed by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
# Sveti Križ Začretje

Sveti Križ Začretje is a village and a municipality in the Krapina-Zagorje County, northern Croatia.
In the 2011 census, there were a total of 6,165 inhabitants of the area, in the following settlements:
* Brezova, population 287
* Ciglenica Zagorska, population 620
* Donja Pačetina, population 729
* Dukovec, population 258
* Galovec Začretski, population 290
* Klupci Začretski, population 107
* Komor Začretski, population 157
* Kotarice, population 122
* Kozjak Začretski, population 234
* Mirkovec, population 476
* Pustodol Začretski, population 231
* Sekirišće, population 392
* Sveti Križ Začretje, population 897
* Štrucljevo, population 365
* Švaljkovec, population 338
* Temovec, population 233
* Vrankovec, population 239
* Završje Začretsko, population 40
* Zleć, population 150
In the same census, the absolute majority of the population were Croats.
# A Welcome Intruder

A Welcome Intruder is a 1913 silent film short directed by D. W. Griffith and produced by the Biograph Company.

## Cast

* Charles Hill Mailes - The Father
* Kate Toncray - The Neighbor
* Charles West - The Workman
* W. Chrystie Miller - The Shopkeeper
* Joseph McDermott - The Policeman
* Frank Opperman - The Hurdy-Gurdy Man
* Claire McDowell - A Widow
* Adolph Lestina (it) - The Construction Boss
* William A. Carroll - The Wagon Driver
* John T. Dillon - uncredited
# Rufous coucal

The rufous coucal (Centropus unirufus) is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It is found in Luzon and proximate islands in the Philippines. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss. Along with the Philippine coucal, Black-faced coucal and the critically endangered Black-hooded coucal, it is one of the 4 endemic coucals.

## Description

Ebird describes this as "A large, long-tailed bird of lowland and foothill forest tangles and bamboo in the northern Philippines. Sometimes follows mixed-species flocks. Distinguished by uniform rufous plumage with a greenish-yellow bill and an orange eye-ring which is elongated at the back. Juvenile Rough-crested malkoha is somewhat similar, but Rufous Coucal is more rufous and lacks the white-tipped tail. Voice includes a shrieking, upslurred “joo-week!” and sharp “wik” notes, sometimes given quickly, even frantically.
Further work should be done on this species' taxonomy as it is generally believed that its behaviour and appearance are more similar to that of a Malkoha rather than a Coucal.

## Ecology and behavior

Not much is known about its diet and breeding habits. It is pressumed to feed on insects. It is the only coucal in the country that forms large groups of up to 20 individuals. Forages in thick tangled vines and bamboo.

## Habitat and conservation status

Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest where it prefers areas with dense undergrowth and tangles,
It is currently classified as near-threatened species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature but its population is said to be declining. Its threats are mainly habitat loss due to deforestation for lumber, mining and farmlands. There are no known targeted conservation actions for this bird, but it will indirectly benefit from the conservation of other North Luzon species like the Critically Endangered Isabela oriole.
It occurs in a few protected areas such as Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park and Bataan National Park but despite this legal protection, enforcement is lax and these areas continue to be deforested.
# Johannes Espelund

Johannes Espelund (20 February 1885 – 20 April 1952) was a Norwegian sport shooter. He was born in Rakkestad, and his club was Christiania Skytterlag. He competed in the military rifle shooting at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm.
# John Rucho

John Rucho (November 22, 1922 – February 22, 2015) was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and an American businessman.
Born in Providence, Rhode Island, he moved with his family to Worcester, Massachusetts. He went to Commerce High School and Becker Junior College. From 1942-1945, Rucho served in the United States Navy in World War II as a 3rd class petty officer and a combat veteran on the USS Custer and Newberry, and courageously fought on an amphibious assault squadron at Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and the Marshall Islands. Upon returning he went to Simmons School of Floral Design in Wellesley, Massachusetts. In 1946, Rucho along with his brothers opened Dian's Flower Shop in Worcester, Ma. In 1967, Rucho embarked on another venture with the establishment of Crest Jewelers in Worcester. From 1973 to 1979, Rucho served as a Democrat in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from the Main South region and served for three terms. He served on the Joint Committee on Post Audit and Oversight and the Committees on Election Laws and State Administration. He filed legislation in areas of welfare reform, property tax relief, and campaign financing. He also served a term as Commissioner of Hope Cemetery. After his political career he continued working as a public servant for the Worcester County, Massachusetts Sheriff department until retirement. Upon retirement Rucho spent his remaining years residing in both St. Petersburg, FL and Worcester, Ma.
# Yasutomo Suzuki

Yasutomo Suzuki (鈴木 康友, Suzuki Yasutomo, born August 23, 1957) is a Japanese politician who is the current governor of Shizuoka Prefecture.

## Early life

Suzuki graduated from Keio University in 1980.

## Political career

Suzuki served in the House of Representatives in the National Diet for two terms, between 2000 and 2005, as a member of the Democratic Party.
He was then elected as the mayor of Hamamatsu in 2007. After serving four terms in office, he declined to run for re-election in the 2023 Hamamatsu mayoral election.
Suzuki was elected governor in the 2024 Shizuoka Prefecture gubernatorial election as an independent endorsed by the Constitutional Democratic Party and the Democratic Party for the People.