OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# SOX1

SOX1 is a gene that encodes a transcription factor with a HMG-box (high mobility group) DNA-binding domain and functions primarily in neurogenesis. SOX1, SOX2 and SOX3, members of the SOX gene family (specifically the SOXB1 group), contain transcription factors related to SRY, the testis-determining factor.
SOX1 exerts its importance in its role in development of the central nervous system (neurogenesis) and in particular the development of the eye, where it is functionally redundant with SOX3 and to a lesser degree SOX2, and maintenance of neural progenitor cell identity. SOX1 expression is restricted to the neuroectoderm by proliferating progenitor cells in the tetrapod embryo. The induction of this neuroectoderm occurs upon expression of the SOX1 gene. In ectodermal cells committed to a certain cell fate, SOX1 has shown to be one of the earliest transcription factors expressed. In particular, SOX1 is first detected in the late head fold stage.

## Clinical significance
### Striatum development

SOX1 is expressed particularly in the ventral striatum, and Sox1-deficient mice have altered striatum development, leading e.g. to epilepsy.

### Lens development

SOX1 has shown clinical significance in its direct regulation of gamma-crystallin genes, which is vital for lens development in mice. Gamma-crystallins serve as a key structural component in lens fiber cells in both mammals and amphibians. Research has shown direct deletion of the SOX1 gene in mice causes cataracts and microphthalmia. These mutant lenses fail to elongate due to the absence of gamma-crystallins.

### SOXB1 group redundant roles

SOX1 is a member of the SOX gene family, in particular the SOXB1 group, which includes SOX1, SOX2, and SOX3. The SOX gene family encodes transcription factors. It is suggested the three members of the SOXB1 group have redundant roles in the development of neural stem cells. This group of SOX genes regulate neural progenitor identity. Each of these proteins have unique neural markers. Overexpression of either SOX1, SOX2, or SOX 3 increases neural progenitors and prevents neural differentiation. In non-mammalian vertebrates, loss of one SOXB1 protein results in minor phenotypic differences. This supports the claim that SOXB1 group proteins have redundant roles.
# Friedrich Meuring

Friedrich Wilhelm Meuring (6 June 1882 – 28 May 1973) was a Dutch freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He participated in the 400 metre freestyle competition, but he was eliminated in the first round.
# Estadio Banco Guayaquil

Estadio Banco Guayaquil, sometimes known as Estadio Independiente del Valle, is a football stadium in Quito, Ecuador. It is currently used on club level by owner Independiente del Valle and their reserve team Independiente Juniors. The stadium has a capacity of 12,000 spectators.

## History

Independiente del Valle's project to build a stadium was revealed by his general manager Santiago Morales in October 2019. The construction of the stadium started in October 2020, and the club presented the name of the stadium on 18 February 2021, after being sponsored by Banco Guayaquil.
The stadium's first match occurred on 20 March 2021, as IDV faced Delfín, with Lorenzo Faravelli scoring its first goal as the match ended 2–0 for the hosts. The lights were installed in June, with the stadium hosting matches of CONMEBOL competitions shortly after.
# Social VAT

Social VAT is the earmarking of a defined amount of VAT revenues to finance social security. The shift from taxing labour to taxing consumption in order to finance social security is based on several premises.
* reduce non-wage costs in order to improve competitiveness
* achieve sustainable revenues for the social security system
* share the tax burden of social security systems more equitably
The impact of a shift from payroll financing to VAT financing is similar to devaluation as labour costs fall and improve competitiveness.

## History

Several countries have switched social security funding from payroll taxation or social security contributions on salaries and wages towards consumption taxation funding.

## Examples
### Denmark

In 1987 Denmark introduced a wide-ranging tax reform with the aim of guaranteeing the viability of the social security system while permitting Danish companies to remain competitive. Initially employer payroll tax for unemployment and disability insurance was phased out and replaced by a VAT-like tax on consumption. The tax was later merged into the general VAT by increasing the VAT rate from 21% to 25%. Currently employer contributions are limited to contributions to the state pension fund ATP which also covers other contingencies such as maternity leave, salary guarantee and disability.

### Germany

In 2007 Angela Merkel's government decided upon a 3%-point increase in the standard VAT rate (from 16% to 19%) and a simultaneous reduction of 1.8%-points in employer social security contributions by reducing the unemployment contingency by 2.3%-points and increasing the pension contribution by 0.5%-points. By reducing non-wage labour costs the measure had a positive impact on German competitiveness.

### Hungary

In 2009 Hungary decided a simultaneous 5% reduction in employer social security contributions and a 5% increase in VAT.

### France

In his new year allocution French President Sarkozy announced that France would start to shift social security funding from labour to consumption. Although not general in France, some overseas territories of France already introduced a shift from employer contributions to VAT under a 1994 law (loi Perben) to promote economic development in Martinique, Guadeloupe and Réunion. Employer social security was reduced and VAT was increased from 7.5% to 9.5%.
In a television address to the nation on 29 January 2012 Nicolas Sarkozy announced amongst other measures an increase in VAT of 1.6 percentage points from 19.6% to 20% coupled with a partial removal of social security contributions financing child benefits and other family benefits. The French government estimates that the cut in non-wage costs of 10.4 billion euros per year will improve the competitive position of French firms and close part of the gap with its main competitors on international markets.
# Magnús Bergs

Magnús Helgi Jónsson Bergs (born 27 August 1956) is an Icelandic former international footballer who played as a midfielder. He won 16 caps and scored two goals for the Iceland national football team between 1980 and 1985. During his career he played for clubs in Iceland, Germany, Belgium and Spain.

## Personal life

Magnús was born in the Icelandic capital, Reykjavík, on 27 August 1956, the son of Jón Helgason Bergs and Gyða Scheving. He graduated from the Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík in 1976, and attained a degree in civil engineering from the University of Iceland four years later. Magnús married Jóhanna Hreinsdóttir, a pastor's daughter, on 30 August 1980. The couple had three children—Gyða (born 1983), Steinunn (born 1985) and Hreinn (born 1991)—but later divorced.

## Club career

Away from his career as an engineer, Magnús was a keen footballer. He started his senior career with Reykjavík-based club Valur in 1974, and spent six years there before moving to Germany to join Borussia Dortmund. However, he made only two league appearances in two seasons and subsequently joined Belgian side K.S.K. Tongeren in 1982. The following summer, Magnús switched countries again; he signed for Spanish club Racing de Santander, where he spent a single season. In 1984, he returned to German football with Eintracht Braunschweig, but was again with the club for only one year, and played just six matches for them. Magnús then returned to Iceland, where he had spells with Þróttur and Stjarnan before retiring in 1990.

## International career

While playing for Valur, Magnús was called up to the Iceland national under-19 side in 1974 and won two caps for the team.
Magnús made his debut for the senior national team on 25 June 1980 in the 1–1 draw with Finland at the Laugardalsvöllur. On 27 May 1981, he scored his first international goal in the 6–1 defeat away to Czechoslovakia in a qualifying match for the 1982 FIFA World Cup. Despite winning a further five caps that year, he then spent almost three years out of the Iceland team. Upon his return to the national side in September 1984, he scored the only goal of the game in the 1–0 home win against Wales. Magnús went on to win a total of 16 caps for his country. His final game for Iceland came on 12 June 1985, in the 2–1 loss to Spain.
# Dyschirius kryzhanovskii

Dyschirius kryzhanovskii is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Gryuntal in 1984.
# Červeňany

Červeňany (Hungarian: Veres) is a village and municipality in the Veľký Krtíš District of the Banská Bystrica Region of southern Slovakia.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1345 (Verus). It belonged to Divín castle.

## Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Banska Bystrica, Slovakia"
* Lutheran church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1727-1895 (parish B)
# Fraserganj

Fraserganj is a village and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Namkhana police station in the Namkhana CD block in the Kakdwip subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## History

Sir Andrew Fraser, Lieutenant Governor of Bengal (1903–1908) in the early twentieth century, is credited with the "discovery" of the place. In recognition of his efforts, it was named Frasergunj. There is a dilapidated house near the beach, which according to the locals was the one in which Fraser used to stay.

## Geography
### Area overview

Kakdwip subdivision has full rural population. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta. The southern part of the delta has numerous channels and islands such as Henry Island, Sagar Island, Frederick Island and Fraserganj Island. The subdivision is a part of the Sundarbans settlements. A comparatively recent country-wide development is the guarding of the coastal areas by special coastal forces. The area attracts large number of tourists – Gangasagar and Fraserganj-Bakkhali are worth mentioning. Gobardhanpur holds a promise for the future.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

### Location

Fraserganj is located at 21°35′06″N 88°15′31″E﻿ / ﻿21.5851°N 88.2585°E﻿ / 21.5851; 88.2585.

## Civic administration
### Police station

Frezerganj Coastal police station covers an area of 34.07 km$^2$. It has jurisdiction over parts of Namkhana CD block. The coastal police stations were formed with the objective of effective policing of the remote areas of the Sundarbans. The police has regular river patrols.

## Facilities

Fraserganj has a government operated fishing harbour and a wind energy farm that generates electricity.
Gently rolling waves play on the 8 km long beach from Bakkhali to Fraserganj, the twin places, now forming a continuous locality.

## Transport

Fraserganj is on the National Highway 12.
Namkhana railway station is located nearby.

## Healthcare

There is a primary health centre at Fraserganj, with 10 beds.
# Sayon's Bell

Sayon's Bell (サヨンの鐘, Sayon no Kane) is a 1943 black-and-white Japanese film directed by Hiroshi Shimizu and based on the true story of a 17-year-old Atayal girl called Sayun Hayun from Nan'ao village, Giran district, Taihoku Prefecture, Taiwan, who went missing and was thought to have drowned whilst helping carry the luggage of her teacher Masaki Takita during a storm in 1938.

## Cast

* Shirley Yamaguchi as Sayon (credited as Ri Kôran)
* Toshiaki Konoe as Takeda
* Kenji Ôyama as Murai
* Kinuko Wakamizu as Murai's Wife
* Hatsu Shimazaki as Saburo
* Kenzô Nakagawa as Mona
* Hideko Mimura as Namina
* Hiroshi Mizuhara as Pig buyer, father of Sayon
* Minoru Nakamura as Taya
# Isabel Pallarès

Isabel Pallarès i Roqué (1964 – 24 June 2021) was a Catalan teacher and trade unionist who was the first woman to serve as general secretary of a class trade union organization in Catalonia, a position she held for 15 years.

## Biography

As a teacher, Pallarès taught secondary education at Intersindical-CSC in the 1990s. Between 1998 and 2003, she served as general secretary of the pro-independence union, becoming the first woman in Catalonia to lead a class union organization. Pallarès was elected confederal secretary, a position that would eventually become general secretary in 1998 to replace Miquel Porter i Moix. After fifteen years at the head of the organization, she gave her testimony to Carles Sastre i Benlliure, who had accompanied her during her term as secretary of Trade Union Action. Later, the union was led by Sergi Perelló i Miró.
The years of Pallarès as the general secretary of Intersindical-CSC explain the evolution and the current positioning of the power station, which in recent years has experienced strong growth. She managed to move from a model of federated autonomous unions to a more confederal and unitary type organization and to make social and national demands more explicit and forceful. Pallarès was still active in the union's organs; she was part of its national secretariat. In the international sphere, Intersyndical-CSC consolidated the relationship with ELA and the IGC and opened intense relations with LAB, which led it to create the Platform of Stateless Nations Unions.
Pallarès died on 24 June 2021 at the age of 57, leaving a husband and two children, after suffering a long illness.
# Robert Wood (American politician)

Robert Beede Wood (September 18, 1885 – July 15, 1964) was an American politician who was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

## Early life

Wood was born on September 18, 1885, in what is now Lake Preston, South Dakota. At the time it was located in the Dakota Territory. He held a number of jobs before eventually becoming a bank president.

## Political career

He was a member of the Assembly during the 1925 and 1927 sessions. Other positions he held included village president (similar to mayor) and school board member. He was a Republican.

## Personal life and death

Wood died on July 15, 1964, at the age of 78.
# Maurice Fleming

Maurice Fleming (born December 6, 1993) is an American college football and former cornerback. He is the defensive pass game coordinator and cornerbacks coach for Eastern Illinois University, a position he has held since 2024. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2017.

## College career

Fleming was a three-star recruit out of high school. He received offers from Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, and Boston College, but decided to enroll to Iowa. He later transferred to West Virginia.

## Professional career
### Tampa Bay Buccaneers

Fleming signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent on May 1, 2017. He was waived/injured on August 19, 2017, after being injured in a preseason game against the Jacksonville Jaguars and was placed on injured reserve. Five days later, the Buccaneers and Fleming reached an injury settlement, and he was released. He was re-signed to the Buccaneers' practice squad on November 29, 2017. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Buccaneers on January 3, 2018.
On June 15, 2018, Fleming was waived/injured by the Buccaneers and was placed on injured reserve. He was released on December 21, 2018.

### Ottawa Redblacks

On July 22, 2019, Fleming signed with the Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

### Louisville Xtreme

On March 24, 2021, Fleming signed with the Louisville Xtreme of the Indoor Football League (IFL).

## Coaching career

In 2022, Fleming joined Houston as a graduate assistant.
In 2023, Fleming was hired to be the cornerbacks coach for Eastern Illinois. In 2024, he was promoted to defensive pass game coordinator while retaining his role as cornerbacks coach.
# Fayid Air Base

Fayid Air Base is an Air base of the Egyptian Air Force located west of Fayed, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt and 23 km (14 mi) south of Ismailia (Al Isma`iliyah) and 116 km (72 mi) northeast of Cairo. It was formerly RAF Fayid, a Royal Air Force station operational from 1942.
The base is home to both 86 and 88 Squadrons of 282 Tactical Fighter Wing of 149 Air Division, both squadrons fly the General Dynamics F-16C/D-40 Fighting Falcon.

## History

During the Second World War, it was used as a military airfield by the Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Forces during the North African campaign against Axis forces.
Fayid was also the site of Camp Fayed, a significant internment camp of Italian Egyptians managed by the British authorities.
USAAF Ninth Air Force units which used the airfield were:
* 98th Bombardment Group, 11 November 1942 – 9 February 1943 Consolidated B-24 Liberator
* 316th Troop Carrier Group, January–May 1943. Douglas C-47 Skytrain
After the immediate postwar rundown of RAF units in the Mediterranean, RAF Fayid became the home of No. 13 Squadron RAF flying de Havilland Mosquitoes. Later it was joined by No. 39 Squadron RAF, with night fighter Mosquitos, and No. 208 Squadron RAF with fighter-reconnaissance Supermarine Spitfire XVIIIs. By 1952 it was the main transport staging post in the Canal Zone and also had five Vickers Valetta (MRT) Squadrons inc. 70, 78, 114 and 216. Along with the other RAF stations in Egypt, it was evacuated by April 1956.
The following squadrons were here at some point:
* No. 6 Squadron RAF, No. 13 Squadron RAF, No. 14 Squadron RAF, No. 37 Squadron RAF, No. 38 Squadron RAF, No. 39 Squadron RAF, No. 70 Squadron RAF, No. 76 Squadron RAF, No. 78 Squadron RAF, No. 84 Squadron RAF, No. 92 (East India) Squadron RAF, No. 108 Squadron RAF, No. 112 Squadron RAF, No. 114 (Hong Kong) Squadron RAF, No. 147 Squadron RAF, No. 159 Squadron RAF, No. 160 Squadron RAF, No. 178 Squadron RAF, No. 204 Squadron RAF, No. 208 Squadron RAF, No. 215 Squadron RAF, No. 216 Squadron RAF, No. 454 Squadron RAAF, No. 458 Squadron RAAF, No. 462 Squadron RAAF, No. 651 Squadron RAF, No. 683 Squadron RAF
Fayid was then used by the Egyptian Air Force until the 1980s when the airfield was upgraded (with support from the USAF) to accommodate the most recent sale of F-16 aircraft to Egypt by the U.S. Transatlantic Programs Center (TAC). The new Fayid Air Base now accommodates the 86th and 88th Tactical Fighter Squadrons of the 282nd Tactical Fighter Wing, flying F-16C/D Block 40s.
# Hatten är din

Hatten är din (Swedish for "The hat is yours") is an Internet meme from 2000. It is a Flash animation featuring the music of Lebanese musician Azar Habib [ar]; the name of the song playing is "Miin Ma Kenti". The animation prominently features a hat, Swedish text, and an assortment of bizarre imagery.

## Origin

In 1981, Habib recorded "Miin Ma Kenti" (Whoever you are), also known as "Habbaytek"/"Habbeetik" (I Loved You, or I Fell In Love With You) in Arabic for his Ya Malaki album; the tape eventually made its way to Sweden. Nineteen years later, Swedes Patrik Nyberg, Johan Gröndahl and Pet Bagge noticed that the lyrics sounded like Swedish. With this in mind, they published an mp3 file and a text file with the "misheard" lyrics on their website. Shortly after this, another Swede, Martin Holmström, decided to make a flash video of the song, which he published on his site. It has been seen by millions of people around the world.

## Details

The Swedish "subtitles" are not a translation of the Arabic, but rather a homophonic translation of the lyrics into Swedish, resulting in outlandish non sequiturs such as Limma skinkbit, cooligt (glue piece of ham, cool-ish) and Man kan knarka och hamna i TV (You can do drugs and end up on TV). From the contents of these lyrics the deadpan site presented a Swedish drinking game involving the passing around of hats, which was sometimes taken at face value by viewers.
The accompanying images of the animation are ostensibly Middle Eastern men in hats; one of those hats floating among a party of people, who appear to be dressed in traditional Turkish or Middle Eastern clothing; and visualizations of the Swedish lyrics such as "cool guy with soda in hand" and "borrow the LP 'Hatten är din' ".

## Reception

The song became famous in Scandinavia and, according to Nyberg, was often played at drinking parties. Copies were made and sold without the creators' permission. The Metro newspaper of Stockholm even sent a journalist to get an interview with Azar Habib. Habib was apparently surprised by this mutilation of his song and the craze that followed, but liked the idea.
In the English-speaking world, the animation was also known as "Hatt-baby".
# Ormarr Örlygsson

Ormarr Örlygsson (born 24 November 1962) is an Icelandic former footballer who played as a defender.

## Club career

Ormarr played the majority of his career at hometown club KA Akureyri and had a four-year spell at Fram Reykjavík.

## International career

He made his debut for Iceland in a March 1983 friendly match against Bahrain and went on to win 9 caps, scoring no goals. His final international was an April 1992 friendly match against Israel.

## Personal life

He is the older brother of former international player and Nottingham Forest winger Þorvaldur Örlygsson. He was appointed branch manager of Íslandsbanki in Reyðarfjörður and Egilsstaðir in 2010 after working for a couple of years in Switzerland for a German chemical company.
# Glava

Glava AS is a Norwegian industrial company with headquarters in Askim. The name is a portmanteau of the Norwegian word glassvatt, meaning glass wool. Glass wool used as insulation material is the company's main product. Production takes place at the company's production facilities in Askim and Stjørdal. Glava employs around 500 people, and in 2007 had a revenue just short of NOK 1,500 million.
The company's history goes back to 1935, when industrialist Jens Bull was offered licensed production in Norway of glass wool, originally a German invention. The company was originally called "Glassvatt". During the post-war reconstruction of Norway, Glava grew dramatically, as the need for insulation of buildings became clear. The product is today made on a license from the French company Saint-Gobain. It is produced from borosilicate glass, which is heated to around 1,400 °C before being stretched into fibres.
In 1959, the company was responsible for the so-called "ice block expedition", later called "the world's greatest publicity stunt". The expedition consisted in bringing a three-ton block of ice from Mo i Rana by the Arctic Circle, to Libreville by the Equator, without using any form of refrigeration.
# Kees Tijman

Kees Tijman (12 June 1897 – 28 September 1954) was a Dutch weightlifter. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1920 Summer Olympics.