OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Defence of Sevastopol

Defence of Sevastopol (Russian: Оборона Севастополя, or Воскресший Севастополь) is a 1911 historical war film about the Siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War and one of the most important films in the history of Russian cinema and cinema in general. It was the first feature film made in the Russian Empire and it premiered on 26 October at the Livadia Palace of Tsar Nicolas II. It was also the first film in the world recorded using two cameras. The film was also notable for using special "sound effects" (gun and cannon fire) and for using the actual war veterans as consultants.

## Film crew

* Directors and writers: Vasily Goncharov and Aleksandr Khanzhonkov
* Cinematographers: Louis Forestier and Aleksandr Ryllo
* Artist: V. Fester
* Composer: Georgiy Kozachenko
* Consultant: Polkovnik M. Lyakhov

## Cast

* A. Bibikov — graf Eduard Totleben
* Pavel Biryukov
* B. Borisov
* Aleksandra Goncharova
* Borus Gorin-Goryainov
* Andrey Gromov — admiral Pavel Nakhimov
* Vladimir Maksimov
* Ivan Mozzhukhin — admiral Vladimir Kornilov
* Olga Petrova-Zvantseva — merchant (sutler)
* N. Semyonov — sailor Koshka
# Shin Doo-sun

Shin Doo-sun (born 9 May 1976) is a South Korean cross-country skier. He competed at the 1998 Winter Olympics and the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Brezova

Brezova may refer to:
* Brezova, Celje, a village in the Municipality of Celje, eastern Slovenia
* Brezova, Croatia, a village near Sveti Križ Začretje
* Brezova, Ivanjica, a village in Serbia
* Brezova, Kraljevo, a village in Serbia
* Březová (Beroun District), a municipality and village in the Central Bohemian Region
* Březová (Karlovy Vary District), a municipality and village in the Karlovy Vary Region
* Březová (Opava District), a market town in the Moravian-Silesian Region
* Březová (Sokolov District), a town in the Karlovy Vary Region
* Březová (Uherské Hradiště District), a municipality and village in the Zlín Region
* Březová (Zlín District), a municipality and village in the Zlín Region
* Březová, a village and part of Březová-Oleško in the Central Bohemian Region
* Březová, a village and part of Meziměstí in the Hradec Králové Region
* Březová, a village and part of Úmonín in the Central Bohemian Region
* Březová, a village and part of Všelibice in the Liberec Region
* Březová nad Svitavou, a town in the Pardubice Region
# Battle of Novara (1500)

The Battle of Novara was fought on 8 April 1500 between the forces of King Louis XII of France and the forces of Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan.
On 24 March 1500, Louis II de la Trémoille joined the main French army at Mortara, Lombardy, with a corps of about 500 men, supported by artillery. He was quickly followed by the 10,000 Swiss raised by the Baillie of Dijon. On 5 April, all the King's army was united and marched to engage the Milanese forces before Novara. There was a large number of Swiss mercenaries in the ranks of each of the two armies. The Helvetic cantons, in accepting their contracts, had it placed in the contracts that they would not be forced to fight against other Swiss. (The Swiss troops were close and, even though serving under different flags, would drink together.) As a result, when the action began at Novara on the 8th, Sforza's Swiss refused to act against those of La Trémoille. A cannonade caused Sforza and his army to retreat to the fortress of Novara, which was besieged by the French a few days later. La Trémoille, to cut his road to Milan, fortified himself between Novara and Tessin.
From the night of the 9th, the Swiss, in the service of Sforza, mutinied and negotiated a capitulation with the French. The German Landsknechts quickly did the same. By this capitulation, which was executed on 10 April 1500, the Swiss and Landsknechts were allowed to return to their homes with their baggage, after having laid down their arms. Their companions, the Lombards and the stratioti (Albanian and Greek light cavalry), came out of Novara and attempted to cut their way down the road to Tessin. They were charged and assaulted by the French forces. Meanwhile, the Swiss passed by pairs or threes before the French, where they were examined as the French searched for Sforza, who was thought to be concealed in their midst. He was surrendered by two of his companions, taken to France and locked up in the Château de Loches, where he was held in a cage 1.8 metres (6 ft) wide and 2.4 metres (8 ft) long. He was refused books for his amusement. In 1504, more freedom was granted to him, but he died in 1508.
# Ion (serialization format)

Ion is a data serialization language developed by Amazon. It may be represented by either a human-readable text form or a compact binary form. The text form is a superset of JSON; thus, any valid JSON document is also a valid Ion document.

## Data types

As a superset of JSON, Ion includes the following data types
* null: An empty value
* bool: Boolean values
* string: Unicode text literals
* list: Ordered heterogeneous collection of Ion values
* struct: Unordered collection of key/value pairs
The nebulous JSON 'number' type is strictly defined in Ion to be one of
* int: Signed integers of arbitrary size
* float: 64-bit IEEE binary-encoded floating point numbers
* decimal: Decimal-encoded real numbers of arbitrary precision
Ion adds these types:
* timestamp: Date/time/time zone moments of arbitrary precision
* symbol: Unicode symbolic atoms (aka identifiers)
* blob: Binary data of user-defined encoding
* clob: Text data of user-defined encoding
* sexp: Ordered collections of values with application-defined semantics
Each Ion type supports a null variant, indicating a lack of value while maintaining a strict type (e.g., null.int, null.struct).
The Ion format permits annotations to any value in the form of symbols. Such annotations may be used as metadata for otherwise opaque data (such as a blob).

## Implementations

* Amazon supported library implementations
* C#
* Go Lang
* Python
* JS

## Examples
### Uses

* Amazon's Quantum Ledger Database (QLDB) stores data in Ion documents.
* PartiQL, an open source SQL-based query language also by Amazon, is built upon Ion. PartiQL supported queries are used by QLDB, S3Select.

## Tooling and extensions

* Ion Path Extractor API aims to combine the convenience of a DOM API with the speed of a streaming API.
* IDE support
** Eclipse
** IntelliJ
* Jackson data format module for Ion
* Apache Hive SerDe for Ion
* Ion Schema
** Specification
** Implementations
* Ion Hash defines an algorithm for constructing a hash for any Ion value.
** Specification
** Implementations
# Shoaib Ahmed Malik

Shoaib Ahmed Malik is a lecturer in science and religion at the University of Edinburgh. He is an editorial board member of the journal Theology and Science and executive committee member of the International Society for Science and Religion. He is serving as the chief editor of Palgrave Macmillan's "Islam and Science" book series.

## Biography

Shoaib Ahmed Malik holds a bachelor of engineering (BEng) and a Master of Science (MSc) in science and religion. He earned a postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE) before completing a PhD in chemical engineering from the University of Nottingham. He later obtained a PhD in theology from the University of St Mary's, Twickenham. He is a Fellow of the International Society for Science and Religion (FISSR) and a Senior Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (SFHEA).

## Works
### As author

* Atheism and Islam: A Contemporary Discourse (2018)
* Islam and Evolution: Al-Ghazālī and the Modern Evolutionary Paradigm (2021)
    Reviews:
       Sayed, Farid (2022-05-25). "Book Review: Islam and Evolution: Al-Ghazālī and the Modern Evolutionary Paradigm by Shoaib Malik". Muslim Views. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
       Inloes, Amina (2022). "Review of Islam and Evolution". Journal of the Contemporary Study of Islam: 172–174. doi:10.37264/jcsi.v3i2.05.
       Bigliardi, Stefano (2024-06-17). "Shoaib Ahmed Malik, "Islam and Evolution: Al-Ghazālī and the Modern Evolutionary Paradigm"". Philosophy in Review. 44 (2): 13–16. doi:10.7202/1112012ar. ISSN 1920-8936.
       Yakubovych, Mykhaylo (2022-08-30). "Islam, Creationism and Evolutionism: Theoretical Contempolations. Ahmed Malik, S. (2021). Islam and Evolution: Al-Ghazālī and the Modern Evolutionary Paradigm". Sententiae. 41 (2): 177–180. doi:10.31649/sent41.02.177. ISSN 2308-8915.
       Burney, Saleema F. (2023-10-02). "Shoaib Malik's "Islam and Evolution": Sociological Reflections on the Developing Engagement of British Muslim Leadership with Science". Theology and Science. 21 (4): 696–707. doi:10.1080/14746700.2023.2255952. ISSN 1474-6700.
       Misbah, Muhammad; Setyaningrum, Anisah (2022-04-03). "Islam and Evolution: Al-Ghazālī and the Modern Evolutionary Paradigm". Theology and Science. 20 (2): 267–268. doi:10.1080/14746700.2022.2051258. ISSN 1474-6700.
       Tradition, Traversing (2021-05-17). "Re-examining Evolution Through the Theological Lens of Ḥujjatul Islām". Traversing Tradition. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
       Aziz, Luthfi (2023-05-29). "Teori Evolusi dalam Pandangan Teologi Imam al-Ghazali -". Jakarta Book Review (JBR) (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-09-21.

### As editor

* Islamic Theology and Extraterrestrial Life: New Frontiers in Science and Religion (2024) with Jörg Matthias Determann
* Design Discourse in Abrahamic Traditions: History, Metaphysics, and Science (2024) with E.V.R. Kojonen
* New Frontiers in Islam and Evolution: Scriptures, Scholars, and Societies (2024) with David Solomon Jalajel
# Craig van der Wath

Craig Van der Wath (born 28 June 1966 in Bloemfontein) is a South African former professional squash player. He reached a career high ranking of number 21 in the world. He represented his country in the Commonwealth Games. He has won the World Masters Squash Championships a record 6 times.
# Sinoascus

Sinoascus paillatus is an extinct species of stem-group ctenophore, known from the Maotianshan shales of Yunnan, China. It is dated to Cambrian Stage 3 and belongs to late Early Cambrian strata.
Fossil specimens are poorly preserved, providing little details, if any at all, about the anatomy of the comb rows.
# Smith Augustin

Smith Augustin is a Haitian diplomat and politician who currently serves as a member of the Transitional Presidential Council, on the nomination of EDE [fr]/RED-Historic Compromise, since March 26, 2024. Previously, Augustin served as the Ambassador of Haiti to the Dominican Republic.
In July 2024, Augustin represented Haiti to attend the opening ceremony of 2024 Summer Olympics.
# Song Jae-kun

Song Jae-Kun (Korean: 송재근; Hanja: 宋在根; born 15 February 1974) is a South Korean short track speed skater, who won a gold medal in the 5000 m relay at the 1992 Winter Olympics together with teammates Ki-Hoon Kim, Lee Joon-Ho and Moo Ji-Soo.
# Gerrit Oosting

Gerrit Oosting (12 April 1941 in Zwartemeer – 15 November 2012 in Oldenzaal) was a Dutch politician.
Oosting started his career as a teacher in Oldenzaal. From 1978 to 1987 he was an alderman for the Labour Party (PvdA) in Oldenzaal. Subsequently he was mayor of Gieten from 1987 to 1997 and also mayor ad int. of Eelde from 1991 to 1992, succeedingly mayor ad int. of Ambt Delden from 1998 to 2001, and mayor ad int. of Vlagtwedde in 2009.
# Carpus and tarsus of land vertebrates
## Carpals and tarsals

The carpus (wrist) and tarsus (ankle) of land vertebrates primitively had three rows of carpal or tarsal bones. Often, some of these have become lost or fused in evolution.
* Three proximal bones. Humans hold all three in their hands. In the foot, the middle proximal appears in 5–15% of people as an os trigonum and can be involved in foot pain.
* Centrale or os centrale, is on the medial side. In humans and our closest relatives, the African apes (chimpanzees and gorillas), it fuses to the scaphoid, where it forms the articulation with the trapezoid bone; occasionally it stays separate. In Man's foot, it is the navicular. Some early land vertebrates had more than one (up to three) os centrale per hand or foot (plural "(ossa) centralia").
* Distal bones, one per finger / toe at the base of each metacarpal or metatarsal. In mammals, the 4th and 5th fuse. In the horse, the first is lost.
Figure to the right shows locations of rare accessory bones of the foot (presence variable from person to person): 1 = os cuneometatarsal I plantare, 2 = os uncinatum, 3 = os sesamoideum tibialis posterior, 4 = os sesamoideum peroneum, 5 = os cuboideum secundarium, 6 = os trochlear calcanei, 7 = os in sinus tarsi, 8 = os sustentaculum tali, 9 = os talocalcaneal posterius, 10 = os aponeurosis plantaris, 11 = subcalcaneal os, 12 = os sesamoideum tibialis anterior, 13 = os cuneometatarsal I tibiale, 14 = os intermetatarsal I, 15 = os cuneometatarsal II dorsale, 16=os paracuneiforme, 17 = os cuneonavicular, 18 = os intercuneiforme, 19 = os intermetatarsal IV, 20 = os talonaviculare, 21 = os vesalianum pedis, 22 = os tibiale externum, 23 = os talotibiale dorsale, 24 = os supratalare, 25 = os calcaneus secundarius, 26 = os subtibiale, 27 = os subfibulare, 28 = os retinaculi, 29 = os calcaneus accessorius, 30 = os trigonum, 31 = os supracalcaneum, 32 = os tendinis calcanei.

## Comparative vertebrate anatomy

Abbreviations: A, Scaphoid bone; B, Lunate bone; C, Triquetrum; D, Trapezium; E, Trapezoid; F, Capitatum; G, Hamatum;
P, Pisiform; Cc, Central carpal; M, Metacarpal; (A-G, Cc, and P are Carpals). 1–5, thumb and digits two to five. R, Radius; U, Ulna.
From the classic German encyclopedia Meyers Konversations-Lexikon 1888.
Frog four limbs and human foot compared.
# Altitude, Mississippi

Altitude is an unincorporated community in eastern Prentiss County, Mississippi, United States, about 7.1 miles from downtown Booneville, with a population of less than 100. Children in the area attend schools in the Prentiss County School District.
A post office operated under the name Altitude from 1888 to 1906.
# Kohra (estate)

Kohra was an estate (taluqdari) of Oudh, British India. The taluqdari was controlled by the Bandhalgoti clan of Rajputs. Now it is part of Amethi district in Uttar Pradesh, India.

## History

Narwar Nagar of Madhya Pradesh was the native place of this Taluq. Rajkumar Sodh Dev of Narwargarh founded the Amethi state in 966 and became the first Raja of Amethi. Rajkumar Himmat Sah, the younger son of Raja Bikram Sah, his descendant, established Kohra (estate) on the day of Ganga Dussehra in 1636 and established Lord Chaturbhuj and Shiva temple as the first establishment, then built Kohra Fort, where he was crowned. Babu Himmat Sah was the founder and first ruler of Kohra.
Under British rule, Kohra was scene of numerous battles. Babu Bhoop Singh, the then Taluqdar of Kohra was leader in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He actively participated in the Awadh War of 1857 and played a crucial role in the siege of Lucknow residency. To counter Colonel Wroughton's advances, he fought battles at Chanda, Amhat and Kadunala in the Sultanpur district. His property was taken under the management of Court of Wards. The fort of Kohra was leveled in 1859 by order government; its ruins are still to be seen, covered with picturesque clumps of bamboos. On order of Calcutta High Court, by government removed Court of Wards from Kohra. Later, the estate was ruled by Babu Shiv Dayal Singh, who was succeeded by his nephew, Babu Devi Dayal Singh.
After India's independence on 15 August 1947, Kohra (Taluq) estate was merged in Dominion of India and later Republic of India. Babu Beni Bahadur Singh (died 1968), the last ruler of Kohra, actively participated and donated land in Bhoodan movement. Babu Beni Bahadur Singh had no male issue, after his death in 1968, his brother Babu Pratap Bahadur Singh proceeded as Titular ruler of Kohra, who was succeeded by his son, Babu Shiv Bahadur Singh . Babu Shiv Bahadur Singh participated in the class boycott of Uday Pratap College, Varanasi in Quit India Movement of 1942. After his death on 28 July 1993 his brother Babu Umanath Singh proceeded as Titular ruler of Kohra.

## List of Rulers

The rulers of Kohra bore the title of Babu. The list of rulers is following as:
* Babu Himmat Sah (around 1636)
* Babu Bhoop Singh (1840–1890)
* Babu Shiv Dayal Singh
* Babu Devi Dayal Singh
* Babu Mahaveer Singh
* Babu Beni Bahadur Singh
* Babu Pratap Bahadur Singh (1968–1969)
* Babu Shiv Bahadur Singh (1969–1993)
* Babu Umanath Singh (1993–2017)
* Babu Raghvendra Pratap Singh (2017–Present)

## Notable descendants

* Babu Bhoop Singh (1820–1890), was prominent leader in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and led a rebellion against the British forces in 1857.
* Babu Umanath Singh (1936–2017), was a Professor of Avadh University. He was a founding member of Uttar Pradesh History Congress.
# Dario Torrente

Dario Torrente (born 1 May 1966) is a South African épée, foil and sabre fencer. He competed at the 1992 and 2008 Summer Olympics.
# Fort Glass

Fort Glass was a stockade fort built in July 1813 in present-day Clarke County, Alabama during the Creek War (part of the larger War of 1812).

## History
### Background

The Creek War of 1813 began as a civil war between supporters of the Creek national government and a rebel faction called Red Sticks. Americans, who were already engaged in the War of 1812 against Britain, joined the Creek war in the hope of breaking Creek power and depriving the British of a potential ally.
The American settlers became fearful after these Creek attacks and were unsure if the United States would protect them due to fact they were squatters on public lands. To protect themselves the settlers built temporary stockades, and most were named for the person who owned the land the stockade was built on. After the Creek War, most of these forts were dismantled.

### Creek War

Fort Glass was built in 1813 by and named for Zachariah Glass. The fort was rectangular in shape, sixty yards by forty yards, and constructed of hewn pine logs.
After completion, Samuel Dale stopped at Fort Glass on his way to Georgia. The occupants asked him to stay and he was given command of Fort Glass for a brief time.
En route from Fort St. Stephens to intercept Peter McQueen's party of Red Sticks who were returning from Pensacola with supplies, Colonel James Caller stopped at Fort Glass after passing through Jackson. Upon leaving Fort Glass, additional reinforcements joined Caller including a party of volunteers from Fort Glass led by Dale. These volunteers participated in the Battle of Burnt Corn on July 27, 1813.
After the Battle of Burnt Corn, General Ferdinand Claiborne feared swift revenge on part of the Red Sticks. Claiborne sent Colonel Joseph Carson with two hundred mounted soldiers to Fort Glass as reinforcements to protect the settlers in the surrounding area. These soldiers arrived at Fort Glass on August 10, 1813. Soon after their arrival, the soldiers began construction of a new fort located two hundred and twenty-five yards northwest of Fort Glass. This new fort was named Fort Madison in honor of then-President James Madison. Soldiers remained in Fort Glass and Fort Madison, but Fort Madison was made the headquarters for the surrounding military district after it was constructed. This district included the territory between the Alabama and Tombigbee Rivers.
After the Red Stick attack on Fort Sinquefield, the settlers who occupied Fort Sinquefield fled to Fort Glass and Fort Madison for protection. Ten men from Fort Glass went to Fort Sinquefield to recover bodies of the slain and to assist with burials. After news of the Fort Sinquefield attack reached Fort Glass, Jeremiah Austill traveled by horseback to inform General Claiborne at Mount Vernon, stopping overnight at Fort Carney.

### Present day

Nothing remains at the site of Fort Glass today. In 1858, the Fort Madison Church was built on the site of Fort Glass. The approximate site of Fort Glass has been identified and archaeological surveys have been made of the area, but no defining features have been found.
# Johnstown, North Dakota

Johnstown is an unincorporated community in Grand Forks County, North Dakota, United States. It is the nearest community to the Midway Bridge, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Johnstown had a post office from 1880 to 1964
# Hamdan Sheikh Tahir

Hamdan bin Sheikh Tahir (27 April 1921 – 20 January 2005) was the 6th Governor of Penang, Malaysia from 1989 to 2001.

## Honours
### Honours of Malaysia

* Malaysia :
** Officer of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (KMN) (1965)
** Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (PSM) – Tan Sri (1974)
** Grand Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (SMN) – Tun (1989)
* Penang :
** Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Defender of State (DUPN) – Dato' Seri Utama
# François de La Rochefoucauld, 4th Duke of La Rochefoucauld

François VIII de La Rochefoucauld, 4th Duke of La Rochefoucauld, 1st Duke of La Roche-Guyon (17 August 1663 – 22 April 1728) was a French nobleman who succeeded his father as Duke of La Rochefoucauld and Grand Huntsman of France in January 1714.

## Early life

La Rochefoucauld was born on 17 August 1663. He was the son of François VII de La Rochefoucauld and Jeanne Charlotte du Plessis-Liancourt (1644–1669), daughter of Henri du Plessis-Liancourt, Count of La Roche-Guyon. His younger brother, Henri Roger de La Rochefoucauld, Marquis of Liancourt, never married.

## Career

He succeeded his father as Grand Huntsman of France, a position in the King's Household in France during the Ancien Régime.
In 1679, as a gift of the King Louis XIV for his marriage with the eldest daughter of François-Michel Le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, he was created 1st Duke of La Roche-Guyon by letters of November 1679. Upon his father's death in 1714, he inherited the Duchy-peerage of La Rochefoucauld.

## Personal life

In 1679, he married Madeleine Le Tellier (1665–1735), eldest daughter of François-Michel Le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, King Louis XIV's Finance Minister, and heiress Anne de Souvré, Marquise de Courtenvaux. Together, they were the parents of:
* François de La Rochefoucauld (1681–1699), who died unmarried.
* Charles Maurice de La Rochefoucauld (1684–1694), who died young.
* Michel Camille de La Rochefoucauld (1686–1712), who died unmarried.
* Roger de La Rochefoucauld (1687–1717), who died unmarried.
* Guy de La Rochefoucauld (1688–1698), who died young.
* Madeleine Françoise de La Rochefoucauld (1689–1717), who became a nun at Saint Denis de Paris.
* Alexandre de La Rochefoucauld, 5th Duke of La Rochefoucauld (1690–1762), who married Marie Élisabeth Bermond du Caylard, only child of Jacques François de Bermond du Caylard, Marquis of Toiras, and Françoise Louise de Bérard, Marquise of Vestric, in 1715.
* Aimery de La Rochefoucauld (1691–1699), who died young.
* Guy de La Rochefoucauld (1698–1731), styled Duke of La Roche-Guyon, who married his niece, Marie Louise Élisabeth Nicole de La Rochefoucauld, the eldest daughter of his brother Alexandre. After his death, she married their distant cousin, Jean-Baptiste de La Rochefoucauld de Roye, duc d'Anville.
* Émilie de La Rochefoucauld (1700–1753), who married Charles Emmanuel de Crussol, 8th Duke of Uzès, the eldest son of Jean Charles de Crussol, 7th Duke of Uzès.
The Duke died on 22 April 1728.
# Dave Hibberd

Dave Hibberd (born 16 August 1965) is a South African sailor. He competed in the Laser event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Zomba Ntonya Constituency

Zomba Malosa Constituency is a constituency for the National Assembly of Malawi, located in the Zomba District of Malawi's Southern Region. It is one of the 10 constituencies in the district that elects one member of parliament by the first past the post system.
The constituency has several wards, all electing councilors for the Zomba District. In 2009, the member of parliament who represented the constituency was Ted Salule Masangwi.

## Members of parliament

| Elections | MP | Party | Notes | References |
| 2009 | Ted Salule Masangwi | DPP | Multi-party system | |