OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alfred Francis Pribram

Alfred Francis Pribram (1859–1942) was a British historian of Austrian descent.

## Life

He was born on 1 September 1859 in London, England, the son of Heinrich Pribram and Sophie Pribram. He died on 7 May 1942 in London.

## Career

Pribram contributed several biographies to the Encyclopedia Britannica. He was professor of history at the University of Vienna from 1894 to 1930. From 1929 onwards, he was responsible for the Austrian part of the International scientific committee on price history.
Pribram wrote several books on history and foreign affairs.
# National Association of Manufacturers v. Department of Defense

National Association of Manufacturers v. Department of Defense, 583 U.S. ___ (2018), is a United States Supreme Court case. At issue is which court will hear cases that define the term Waters of the United States for the purpose of rule making, to the exclusion of the states. The case is the successor to North Dakota v. EPA, among others.

## Facts and prior history

The United States Army Corps of Engineers and the Environmental Protection Agency engaged in rule making to define Waters of the United States for the purpose of promulgating other environmental rules. The State of North Dakota, joined by other states, challenged the definition. The states won an injunction which was subsequently challenged in the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals. This case will settle the matter of jurisdiction.
The Court heard oral arguments on October 11, 2017.

## Opinion of the Court

The Court issued an opinion on January 22, 2018. Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor authored the unanimous opinion of the Court.
# Belinda Chemutai

Belinda Chemutai (born 30 April 2000) is an Ugandan long distance and cross country runner.

## Career

She finished 19th in the half marathon at the 2023 World Athletics Road Running Championships in Riga.
In March 2024, she was selected for the World Cross Country Championships in Serbia.
She ran at the African Athletics Championships in June 2024 over 1500 metres, qualifying for the final, and placing eighth overall.
In August 2024, she ran the 5000 metres at the 2024 Paris Olympics.
# Compass High School (Tucson, Arizona)

Compass High School is a public charter high school in Tucson, Arizona, founded in 2001. The school was founded by Debbie and John Ferguson and is currently operated by her children, with her son, Kerk Ferguson as the active Director and Manager of the school's operations.

## Ratings

* 34% graduation rate (state average 79%)
* 19% performance in the Arizona's Measurement of Educational Readiness for reading (state average 42%)
* top 75% of all schools nationally
* top 58.82% of Arizona high schools
* top 54.68% of tucson metro area high schools
* top 56.97% of charter high schools
# Herbert Arthur Sinnott

Herbert Arthur Sinnott (January 7, 1871 – after 1923) was a Canadian educator, lawyer and municipal politician who served as the 18th mayor of Calgary, Alberta from 1913 to 1915.
Sinnott was born in Kings County, New Brunswick on January 7, 1871 to David S., a farmer, and Frances (née Taylor) Sinnott. After attending schools in Sussex, New Brunswick, Sinnott graduated from Mount Allison University with a Bachelor of Arts and started his teaching career in Gagetown as principal of a grammar school. He later taught high school in Moncton, New Brunswick before moving west to Alberta in 1900. In 1903, he became a high school principal in Calgary, the first ever to the city. He began a career in law in 1908, articling under Thomas M. Tweedie. In 1911, he was called to the bar. Around this time, Sinnott also owned and rented out various properties in the city of Calgary as well as Lethbridge. He also served on the Calgary School Board as trustee in 1912 and 1920–22 along with chairman from 1908–11 and 1918–19.
Sinnott was elected as Mayor of Calgary and served in this position from January 2, 1913 to January 2, 1915. During his time in office, oil was discovered within the city of Calgary, and it was said that the "[whole city] quickly became oil conscious".
In January 1923, Sinnott pleaded guilty in a court to "misappropriating clients' trust funds" during his work as a lawyer in Calgary. During his trial, Sinnott admitted his guilt and was sentenced to seven years to be served in a Prince Albert, Saskatchewan jail. The magistrate had expressed that "the more grievous" crime that of the betrayal of trust of Sinnott to his clients, and that it was unfortunate that such a citizen of high of esteem, had admitted to committing the crimes. The magistrate also expressed that the punishment was decided to set a precedent and to "deter others from doing the same thing", along with restating that though it was hard to see "a citizen of Mr. Sinnott's calibre" take the sentence, it was a necessary justice. It is not known where Sinnott went after presumably leaving prison, although there have been rumours that he may have moved to Australia shortly thereafter. While the Calgary Herald reported Sinnott as living in Eastern Canada in December 1937.
He married Margaret Horne, a graduate nurse and daughter of a sea captain, in 1901 and had one child with her, Margaret. His wife died in 1906. A conservative in politics, during his time in Calgary, Sinnott was a member of the Ancient Order of Foresters in Calgary as well as the Methodist church. Sinnott was widely regarded for his work in the educational field, with a 1912 biography beginning with "The educational annals of the Northwest present few names which shine with a brighter luster of good deeds done than the one which forms [this paragraph]".
# Vatroslav Lichtenegger

Vatroslav Lichtenegger (1809–1885) was a Croatian music teacher and composer.
Born in Podčetrtek, he moved to Zagreb around 1827, and became a choralist in the Zagreb Cathedral as well as a teacher at the Croatian Music Institute. Lichtenegger was a teacher of singing and organist of the Zagreb Cathedral. He scored and harmonized the song Horvatska domovina by Josip Runjanin for a male choir in 1861. In 1891, the song won a competition to become the Croatian national anthem.
He is buried in the Mirogoj cemetery in Zagreb. His daughter was famous opera singer Mathilde Mallinger.
# Soviet War Memorial (Schönholzer Heide)

The Soviet War Memorial in Schönholzer Heide (Sowjetisches Ehrenmal in der Schönholzer Heide) in Pankow, Berlin was erected between May 1947 and November 1949, and covers an area of 30,000 square metres (7.4 acres). The memorial contains the largest Soviet cemetery in Berlin, which is also the largest Russian cemetery in Europe outside of Russia.
The monument is one of three Soviet memorials built in Berlin after the end of the war. The other two memorials are the Tiergarten memorial, built in 1945 in the Tiergarten district of what later became West Berlin, and the Soviet War Memorial (Treptower Park).
Schönholzer Heide [de] was a popular recreation area in the 19th century. During the Second World War the area was turned into a work camp. After the war, the northwestern part of the area was used to build the third-largest Soviet war memorial in Berlin, together with the memorials in Treptower Park and Tiergarten.
A group of Soviet architects consisting of K. Solovyov, M. Belaventsev, V. Korolyov, and the sculptor Ivan Pershudchev designed the cemetery, where 13,200 of the 80,000 Soviet soldiers that had fallen during the Battle of Berlin would be buried. On a wall around the memorial are 100 bronze tablets with names, ranks, and birth dates of soldiers that were able to be identified. This group constitutes about one-fifth of the fallen soldiers.
On both sides of the main axis, at which on one end sits a 33.5-metre-long (110 ft) obelisk made of syenite, are eight burial chambers in which 1,182 soldiers are buried. Two Soviet colonels are buried under the Honor Hall inside the obelisk.
A statue of the personification of Mother Russia is situated in front of the obelisk and constitutes the main focal point of the memorial. On the statue's base, which is made out of black porphyry, sit 42 bronze tablets on which the names of fallen officers are inscribed.

## Gallery

* The main entrance
* Detail from the main entrance to the monument. The text reads: "To eternal memory of the heroes."
* The obelisk seen through the main portal
* Left side of the opening into the cemetery. The text reads: "Uncover your head! Here are Soviet soldiers, heroes from the great war 1941-1945, laid to eternal rest."
* Right side of the portal. The text reads: "A grateful humanity never forgets their brave deeds."
* Stalin quote inside the portal. The text reads: "The strength of the Red Army was that it had none, and could not have any, racial hatred neither towards other peoples nor the German people and that they were raised in the belief of equality of all peoples and races, and in the spirit of respect towards other's rights."
* One of the 100 bronze tablets. The text reads: "They were never subjugated by fascism. The love towards their motherland and the people was stronger than death."
* The statue of Mother Russia
* The Mother Russia statue seen from behind
* The obelisk
* Stained glass ceiling - December 2024
* Mother Russia and Obelisk - December 2024
* Face of Mother Russia statue - December 2024
* Wreaths + Stained Glass - December 2024
* Stained Glass close up - December 2024
# Hans G. Klemm

Hans George Klemm (born August 21, 1957) is an American diplomat who served as the United States Ambassador to Romania from September 21, 2015, to December 2019. Previously he also served as the United States ambassador to East Timor from June 12, 2007, to May 25, 2010.
Klemm graduated from Indiana University Bloomington with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and History, and from Stanford University with a Master of Arts in International Development Policy.
He joined the United States Foreign Service in 1981 and was promoted into the Senior Foreign Service in 2001.
From 2012 to 2015 he was Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary in the State Department's Bureau of Human Resources. As of January 2015, Klemm served as Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for Management at the Department of State. In March 2015 President Barack Obama announced his intent to nominate Klemm as U.S. Ambassador to Romania. In September 2015, Klemm assumed the duties of U.S. Ambassador to Romania. In 2016, Hans G. Klemm, together with other local officials, were pictured with a Székely flag during his visit to the Székely Land. The photo was posted by the mayor of Sfântu Gheorghe on Facebook. The reactions of the politicians in Bucharest were turbulent. In a response Klemm affirmed that the only two flags that are important to him, as a diplomat, are the U.S. and the Romanian ones.
Klemm's father was a German immigrant.

## Honour

* Romanian Royal Family: Knight of the Royal Decoration of Nihil Sine Deo
# Daddy (slang)

A Daddy in gay culture is a slang term meaning a man sexually involved in a relationship with a younger male.
In an internet meme context, Know Your Meme defines the term as a "slang term of affection used to address a male authority figure or idol in a sexualized manner."
In BDSM, a "daddy/boy" relationship can share similarities with a dynamic of dominance and submission.

## History
### Predecessors

According to the Historical Dictionary of American Slang, the earliest use of "daddy" in a non-paternal context was in 1681, in reference to what sex workers called their procurers or older male customers.
Throughout the 1920s, the term was used in blues music and African-American Vernacular English to mean one's boyfriend, especially an older man or a sugar daddy. In 1920, the term is used in a romantic context in Aileen Stanley's blues song "I Wonder Where My Sweet, Sweet Daddy's Gone." Its usage is similar in Lavinia Turner's 1922 song "How Can I Be Your 'Sweet Mama' When You're 'Daddy' to Someone Else?" The same year, the term appears in Trixie Smith's "My Man Rocks Me" in the lyrics "My man rocks me, with one steady roll [...] I said now, Daddy, ain’t we got fun".

### In gay culture

New York claimed in 2017 that the gay term evolved from leather subculture, which began in the 1940s.
In the 1970s, the "leather daddy" archetype (which has sadomasochistic associations) was proliferated in such media as the Drummer magazine (launched in 1975); 1976 to 1979 gay pornographic films Working Man Trilogy; and BDSM novels by Larry Townsend.
Braidon Schaufert has claimed that the term was further normalized through to Game Grumps' 2017 visual novel game, Dream Daddy: A Dad Dating Simulator, which centered "queer fathers in a romance game" and gained a significant online fandom.
The term has increasingly been applied to heterosexual relationships.

## Gender

In 2000, Andrew Schopp claimed that the Daddy archetype "challenge[s] dominant ideologies of masculinity by appropriating the icons of masculinity and male authority (jocks, leather, motorcycles, uniforms) and transporting them into the realm of gay male sexual experience."
In 2018, Braidon Schaufert claimed that, by creating the 'daddy' term, "Queer communities have separated the specific gender performance of fatherhood from the actual act of raising children".
In the context of T4T relationships (specifically, trans men dating trans men), a Daddy/boy dynamic can be part of the gender affirmation process, thereby leading to gender euphoria. In 2022, Transgender Studies Quarterly claimed that a Daddy/boy dynamic between trans people "can be read as gender labor; affective and intersubjective work that produces gender".
# Ilana Kurshan

Ilana Kurshan is an American-Israeli author who lives in Jerusalem. She is best known for her memoir of Talmud study amidst life as a single woman, a married woman, and a mother, If All the Seas Were Ink.

## Personal life

Kurshan was raised on Long Island as the daughter of a Conservative rabbi and an executive at UJA-Federation of New York. She graduated from Huntington High School, Harvard College, and Cambridge University, where she studied the History of Science and English Literature. She worked as an editor and literary agent in New York before moving to Jerusalem with her first husband for his rabbinic studies. Although her first marriage crumbled, Kurshan stayed in Jerusalem, working as a translator and foreign-rights agent. In her memoir, she describes how she found a lifeline in the Daf Yomi, the daily study of the Babylonian Talmud, applying its richness to her life as first a single woman, and then as a remarried wife and mother.

## Professional career

In addition to her own books, Kurshan has translated books by Ruth Calderon and Binyamin Lau from Hebrew to English. She is the Book Review Editor for Lilith magazine, and her writings have appeared in Lilith, The Forward, The World Jewish Digest, Hadassah, Nashim, Zeek, Kveller, and Tablet.

## Selected works

* If All the Seas Were Ink, 2017
* Why is This Night Different from All Other Nights?: The Four Questions Around the World,2008
* Translation: A Snake, A Flood, A Hidden Baby (originally in Hebrew by Meir Shalev) Kalaniot Books, 2021
# Fred Musobo

Fred Musobo (born 12 August 1996) is a Ugandan mountain runner.

## Career

Musobo placed first in the 2015 World Mountain Running Championships.
In 2018 Musobo represented Uganda at the World Half Marathon Championships in Valencia, Spain. Fred placed 20th in a time of 1:01:38. Kenya's Geoffrey Kamworor won the race. Fred made his marathon debut in April at the Milano Marathon, where he ran a time of 2:13:50, finishing 4th place. Musobo's next marathon was at the Seoul JoongAn Marathon, where he finished 5th in a time of 2:09:04.
In 2019 Musobo ran the International Marathon, Daegu, where he placed 3rd in a new personal best time of 2:06:56. In 2019, he represented Uganda in the men's marathon at the 2019 World Athletics Championships held in Doha, Qatar. He finished in 13th place. The race was won by Ethiopia's Lelisa Desisa. In November, Musobo competed in his third marathon of the year, placing 2nd at the MTN Kampala Marathon in 2:15:23.
On 7 March 2021, Fred Musobo won the Source of the Nile Half Marathon in 1:03:14. On 11 April 2021, Musobo competed in the Xiamen Marathon and Tuscany Camp Global Elite Race in Siena, Italy. He placed 15th in a time of 2:08:24. The race was won by Kenya's Eric Kiptanui. Fred Musobo was selected to compete in the men's marathon at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games alongside compatriots Stephen Kiprotich and Felix Chemonges.
# Rave Racer

Rave Racer is a 1995 arcade racing video game from Namco. It is the third title in the Ridge Racer series and the follow-up to Ridge Racer and Ridge Racer 2. Rave Racer runs on Namco System 22 hardware, and could be played by two people per cabinet for up to eight players total when up to four of them were linked together. Compared to Ridge Racer 2, Rave Racer adds two new tracks as well as the ability to play the original two, various handling changes, force feedback steering, and improved car and racetrack graphics. Rave Racer was a critical and commercial success; it would be the last major arcade Ridge Racer title as Namco would continue the series on home consoles with Rage Racer (1996) and R4: Ridge Racer Type 4 (1998).

## Gameplay

Players control a racecar in an attempt to complete a series of races in first place while avoiding opponents. Each race is made of three laps that must be completed under a time limit; finishing a lap adds a few extra seconds to the timer.
The new tracks contain various side roads, but some of them take more time than others to complete a full lap of the track. Like Ridge Racer 2, Rave Racer also featured a new soundtrack.

## Development and release

A Microsoft Windows version was originally under development for NEC's PowerVR graphics processor, and was demonstrated in early 1996. However the game was cancelled, thus no games in the Ridge Racer series were released for PCs until Unbounded in 2012. A PlayStation version was announced later in 1996, but it too was cancelled. A standalone game, Rage Racer was instead produced for the console.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| AllGame | |
| Next Generation | |
In Japan, Game Machine listed Rave Racer as the most popular dedicated arcade game of September 1995. It went on to be the highest-grossing dedicated arcade game of 1996 in Japan.
A critic for Next Generation remarked that while the game makes few changes from its predecessors, those changes are important enough to make it a dramatic improvement. He found the more accurate and responsive control particularly pleasing, saying it allows players to pull off more impressive maneuvers and race without having to compensate for the controls. He also praised the fast-paced music and graphical touches. Concluding that "despite only four courses, one of which is a rehash, this racer kicks", he gave it four out of five stars.
In 1996, Next Generation listed the game at number 94 in their "Top 100 Games of All Time", citing a force-feedback steering wheel, loud speakers, a huge monitor, and a link to up to seven other units.
In 2023, Time Extension ranked the game ninth on their "Best Ridge Racer Games" list.
# Edward Parnell (politician)

Edward Parnell (8 April 1859 – 9 June 1922) was a Canadian politician, the 28th Mayor of Winnipeg from 1921 until his death in office.

## Biography

Edward Parnell was born in Dover, England on 8 April 1859. He came to Canada while still young and settled in London, where he worked as a baker and served 11 years on the city council. He ran unsuccessfully for the position of London's mayor, losing to Adam Beck. He moved to Winnipeg in 1909, where he established a bread-making company in partnership with John Tully Speirs. The company operated a second bakery in London. He married Mary Jane Harwood and the couple had seven children. From 1918 to 1919, Parnell was president of the Canadian Manufacturers Association and, from 1920 to 1921, was president of the Winnipeg Board of Trade.
His name is commemorated by Parnell Avenue in Winnipeg.
His former home has been designed as a historic building by the city of Winnipeg.
# Y11

Y11 may refer to:

## Train stations

* Gokokuji Station, in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan
* Jingan metro station, in Taipei, Taiwan
* Karugahama Station, in Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
* Nishi-Umeda Station, in Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan
* Sanuki-Shioya Station, in Marugame, Kagawa, Japan

## Other uses

* Harbin Y-11, a Chinese aircraft
* LNER Class Y11, a locomotive class
* Y11 series, a car series of the Nissan Wingroad
* Year 11, an educational year group
# Order of the Belt of Hope

The Order of the Belt of Hope was a knighthood order which was founded in 1389 by King Charles VI of France and dedicated it to "Our Lady who bring back home the lost hunters".
Other sources including Menestrier named Louis II, Duke of Bourbon as founder, maybe making a mistake with the Order of Our Lady of the Thistle.
Ackermann mentions this chivalric order as historical order of France.

## Sources

* Gustav Adolph Ackermann, Ordensbuch, Sämtlicher in Europa blühender und erloschener Orden und Ehrenzeichen. Annaberg, 1855, p 244 n°189 "Orden des Gürtels der Hoffnung" - Google Books (Former orders of France : p. 205-214)
* This French history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* This article related to orders, decorations, and medals is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Anima: Gate of Memories

Anima: Gate of Memories is an action role-playing video game developed by the independent game studio Anima Project and published by Badland Indie. The game is based on the Spanish tabletop role-playing game Anima: Beyond Fantasy.

## Gameplay

Anima: Gate of Memories is a third-person action RPG, with both combat and exploration. The game is open world and players can explore the world of Gaia and pick which tasks they complete, which in turn will impact the game's ending. The players are able to control the characters of The Bearer and Ergo Mundus. Only one of the two characters can fight at a time, however players can freely switch between them during fights.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack is developed by Damian Sanchez and Marc Celma. Sanchez is a music composer, producer, sound designer and audio director of his own music production company based in Valencia, Spain, while Celma is a composer with a career of 15 years in the doom metal band Mentat.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | (PC) 69/100 (XONE) 72/100 (PS4) 52/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Destructoid | 8/10 |
| Hardcore Gamer | 6/10 |
| IGN | 8.5/10 |
Anima: Gate of Memories received mixed reviews. The praises were especially for the longevity, the environments and the soundtrack, while the criticisms were especially for the uncooperative camera, the bad tutorials and the voice acting.
# Hi Bell

Herman S. "Hi" Bell (July 16, 1897 – June 7, 1949) was an American professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals and New York Giants. For his career, he compiled a 32–34 record in 221 appearances, most as a relief pitcher, with a 3.69 earned run average and 191 strikeouts. Bell was a member of three National League pennant winners (1926, 1930, and 1933), winning two World Series with the 1926 Cardinals and the 1933 Giants. In World Series play, he recorded no decisions in three appearances, with a 4.50 earned run average and 1 strikeout. On July 19, 1924, Bell became the last pitcher in Major League history to start and win both ends of a doubleheader.
Bell died from a coronary occlusion in 1949 at age 51 and is buried at Calvary Cemetery in Los Angeles.