OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fidel Novoa Fuentes

Fidel Antonio Novoa Fuentes (23 January 1900 – 10 June 1981) was a Salvadoran physician, surgeon and politician.

## Early life

Born 23 January 1900. His parents were Fidel Novoa Meléndez and María Inés Fuentes Najarro. He attended primary school at the Salvadoran Lyceum and secondary school at the Francisco Menéndez National Institute (INFRAMEN) in San Salvador, obtaining a bachelor's degree in science and art in 1917. Doctor of medicine and surgeon, degree obtained at the University of El Salvador in 1926, with post-graduate studies in the urinary tract in Paris, France in 1926, at the Necker clinic. His doctoral thesis was published on 20 February 1926 and is entitled: Treatment of Chronic Diarrhea to Protozoan by Estovarsol.
Novoa Fuentes headed the Novoa Pharmacy from 1922, due to his father's death. He was an ad honorem physician and director of the Hospice for Orphans, later called the National Children's Home, from 1928 to 1945.

## Political career

Novoa Fuentes was the Governor of Cuscatlán Department, when during his governorship in 1924 construction began in Cojutepeque for the Mountain Park (Cerro de las Pavas). Later he was elected as congressman of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador in 1929.
Fuentes's maternal grandfather Constantino Fuentes Parra was president of the Legislative Assembly in 1881, his father Fidel Novoa Meléndez was President of the Legislative Assembly in 1903 and 1912, and both his sons Fidel Antonio Novoa Arciniegas were the Mayor of San Salvador in 1964. a

## Death

Died in San Salvador, at the Policlinica Hospital on 10 June 1981. He was buried in the "Los Ilustres" general cemetery of the city of San Salvador, in the Novoa Family mausoleum.
# Yoshio Shinozuka

Yoshio Shinozuka (篠塚良雄; 1923 – 20 April 2014) was a Japanese Imperial Army soldier who served as an army medic with a top secret biological warfare group called Unit 731 in World War II. He was a member of the Association of Returnees from China.

## Wartime service in Unit 731

According to his testimony, he was conscripted into Unit 731 at the age of 16. Shinozuka claimed to have been involved in conducting experiments and vivisections on Chinese captives near the northern Chinese city of Harbin. He was held in detention in China for over a decade, finally being released in 1956.

## Testimony regarding war crimes

In 1997, Shinozuka gave testimony on the activities of Unit 731 on behalf of 180 Chinese who were suing the Japanese government for compensation and an apology for deaths of family members they claimed were killed in experiments at the biological warfare laboratory. "I was a member of Unit 731 and I have done what no human being should ever do", Shinozuka said.
In 1998, he wanted to give a speech at a peace conference in the United States and Canada. However, the government administrations denied his entry into their countries claiming it was because there may be controversy in the United States.
# Namhaedo

Namhaedo (Korean: 남해도) or Namhae Island is the principal island of Namhae County, on the southern coast of South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It is the fifth largest island in South Korea. Together with Changseon Island, it forms Namhae County. It is joined to land by Namhae Bridge.

## History

Namhaedo is where Korean admiral Yi Sun-sin died in 1598.
Chen Lin and Yi Sun-sin together helped defeat the Japanese at the Battle of Noryang, ending the Imjin War.
# Iraklis Halki

Irakls Halki (Greek: Ηρακλής Χάλκης) is a football and sports club based in Halki, Thessaly, Greece and currently competes in the Larissa FCA league. The colours of the club are blue and white. Vasilios Koutsianikoulis started his career from Iraklis before he was dubbed Greek Messi playing subsequently for Ergotelis.

## History

The club was founded officially in 1954 in Halki, Larissa. It was named after Greek mythology hero Heracles and influenced by first division club Iraklis Thessaloniki adopting Iraklis' colours and badge like many other clubs in Greece. Iraklis Halki started competing in the lowest division of the Larissa Football Clubs Association and it met great success in the 1980s and 1990s. During that time the club played in Delta Ethniki, the fourth tier of the Greek football pyramid competing against experienced teams such as Olympiakos Volos, Iraklis Ptolemaidos, Kozani, Kastoria, and other local rivals like Iraklis Larissa, Apollon Larissa, Toxotis Larissa and Achilleas Farsala. In 1987 it missed out on promotion to Gamma Ethniki for just 1 point to Anagennisi Kolindros. The following season the club were relegated on equal points to Toxotis Larissa, finishing just 8th on the table.After many successful runs in the Greek fourth division the club was relegated in 2007.Vasilios Koutsianikoulis' uncle, Thomas, is considered the club's most legendary player with great contribution and excellent leadership in the 1980s and 1990s. Iraklis also has a basketball department.

## Honours

* Delta Ethniki:
** Runners-up (1): 1986–87
* Larissa FCA Championship:
   * Winners (7): 1967, 1968, 1982, 1989, 1995, 1997, 2001
* Larissa FCA Cup:
   * Winners (5): 1985, 1995, 1998, 2006, 2007
   ** Runners-up (7): 1973, 1981, 1984, 1989, 1996, 1999, 2002
* Larissa FCA Super Cup:
   * Winners (1): 2006
   ** Runners-up (1): 2007

### Classification in Delta Ethniki

| Season | Classification | Group |
| 1983-84 | 3d | Group 4 |
| 1984-85 | 3d | Group 4 |
| 1985-86 | 8th | Group 5 |
| 1986-87 | 2nd | Group 5 |
| 1987-88 | 8th | Group 1 |
| 1989-90 | 17th | Group 3 |
| 1989-90 | 21st | Group 5 |
| 1995-96 | 10th | Group 5 |
| 1997-98 | 2nd | Group 5 |
| 1998-99 | 5th | Group 5 |
| 1999-00 | 11th | Group 5 |
| 2000-01 | 12th | Group 5 |
| 2002-03 | 7th | Group 4 |
| 2003-04 | 10th | Group 4 |
| 2004-05 | 6th | Group 4 |
| 2005-06 | 5th | Group 4 |
| 2006-07 | 12th | Group 4 |

## Notable players

* Vasilios Koutsianikoulis
* Thomas Koutsianikoulis
* Vangelis Souliotis
* Vagios Karaferis
* Thanasis Papageorgiou
* Giannis Saltas

## Notable coaches

* Christos Gkatas
* Nikos Andreou

## Reference section

* ↑ "Vasilios Koutsianikoulis Transfer History". footballtransfers.com.
* ↑ "Iraklis info". epslarissas.gr.
* ↑ "Irakls Halki: Greek fourth division tables".
* ↑ "The unknown Koutsianikoulis" (in Greek). makthes.gr.
* ↑ "Gkatas honored by Iraklis" (in Greek). arenalarissa.gr.
* ↑ "2015-16: New beginning for Irakls" (in Greek). athleticlarissa.gr.
# Accolades received by Wicked

Accolades received by Wicked may refer to:
* Accolades received by Wicked (musical)
** Accolades received by Wicked (2024 film)
*** Accolades received by Wicked (score)
* Accolades received by Wicked (1998 film)
# Doris ocelligera

Doris ocelligera is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Dorididae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Mediterranean Sea and in the Atlantic Ocean off the Cape Verdes, the Azores, the Canary Islands, France, the United Kingdom, and Ireland.
# Büyükdere Kara Mehmet Kethüda Mosque

Kara Mehmet Kethüda Mosque (Turkish: Kara Mehmet Kethüda Cami), also known as Kara Kethüda Mosque, is an 18th-century Sunni Islam mosque at Büyükdere, Sarıyer in Istanbul, Turkey.

## History

Located in the Büyükdere quarter of Sarıyer district in Istanbul, Turkey, the mosque was built by the Ottoman court steward Mehmet Agha, nicknamed "Kara Mehmet" (the "Black Mehmet"), during the reign of Sultan Mustafa III (r. 1757–1774) according to an inscription. The mosque building was used as a public school for a time period after the introduction of the modern Turkish alphabet in 1929. The mosque is owned by the Kara Kethüda Mehmet Ağa Foundation.

## Architecture

The two-storey mosque building is constructed in masonry with a wooden roof and has a concrete mihrab and narthex. The most striking part of the mosque is the ashlar minaret decorated with zigzag motifs on its body. The building underwent various changes due numerous restorations. A fenced cemetery and a toilet building are situated in the courtyard.
# Spirit in the Sky (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Rolling Stone | (favorable) |
Spirit in the Sky is the debut solo album by American singer-songwriter Norman Greenbaum. It contains his popular hit song, the title track "Spirit in the Sky".
Varèse Sarabande released it on CD in 2001, with seven bonus tracks, and on vinyl for Record Store Day, on April 19, 2014.

## Track listing

All selections written by Norman Greenbaum.
Side 1
* "Junior Cadillac" – 3:38
* "Spirit in the Sky" – 4:02
* "Skyline" – 3:14
* "Jubilee" – 3:01
* "Alice Bodine" – 3:42
Side 2
* "Tars of India" – 3:05
* "The Power" – 2:38
* "Good Lookin' Woman" – 4:17
* "Milk Cow" – 3:04
* "Marcy" – 3:17
CD bonus tracks
* "School for Sweet Talk" – 2:57
* "Children of Paradise" – 2:11
* "Canned Ham" – 2:53
* "Save Me for a Rainy Day" – 2:47
* "Chocolate Milk" – 1:57
* "Spirit in the Sky" (edit) – 3:02
* Radio promo – 0:52
# A Japanese Idyll

A Japanese Idyll is a 1912 silent short drama film directed by and starring Lois Weber. The film was produced by the Rex Motion Picture Company for release by Universal Film Manufacturing Company.
The film is preserved at the Library of Congress.

## Cast

* Lois Weber
# Dullay languages

The Dullay languages belong to the Cushitic subgroup of the Afro-Asiatic language family and are spoken in Ethiopia. Dullay is a dialect continuum consisting of the Gawwada and Tsamai languages. Blench (2006) places most of Bussa in the Konsoid languages, and counts several Gawwada varieties as distinct languages.
    Gawwada (Ale), Tsamai, Dihina, Dobase (Lohu, Mashole), Gergere, Gollango (Gaba?), Gorrose, Harso
The name Dullay is derived from the name Dullay-speaking groups use for the Weito River. Other terms that have been used for this language family in scientific literature are Werizoid (from the former administrative name of the area inhabited by Dullay speakers) and Qawko (from the word "man" in Dullay languages).
# Kenneth Judd

Kenneth Lewis Judd (born March 24, 1953) is a computational economist at Stanford University, where he is the Paul H. Bauer Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. He received his PhD in economics from the University of Wisconsin in 1980. He is perhaps best known as the author of Numerical Methods in Economics, and he is also among the editors of the Handbook of Computational Economics and of the Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control.
He is one of two authors behind the Chamley–Judd result that the optimal tax rate on capital income is zero.
# Ibn Jibrin

Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Jibrin (Arabic: عبد الله ابن عبد الرحمن ابن جبرين, romanized: ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Jibrīn; 1933 – 13 July 2009), known simply as Ibn Jibrin, was a Saudi Islamic scholar who was a member of the Council of Senior Scholars and Permanent Committee for Islamic Research and Issuing Fatwas in Saudi Arabia.
He was a member of the Council of Senior Scholars and Permanent Committee for Islamic Research and Issuing Fatwas in Saudi Arabia.
Ibn Jibrin's death in 2009 was widely mourned in Saudi Arabia. He is often considered the third most leading Saudi Salafi scholar after Ibn Baz and al-Uthaymin.

## Career

Ibn Jibrin was born in 1933 in a village near the town of al-Quway'iyya in the Najd region in Saudi Arabia.
He received his secondary school certificate in 1958, a bachelor's degree in Shariah in 1961, master's degree in 1970 from the Higher Institute for the Judiciary, and a doctorate in 1987. "Several judges, teachers and religious callers were taught by him".

## Views

He has been described as a member of the "hard-line conservative schools of Sunni Islam who have deemed Shias as infidels. Commenting on Shias in 2007 (during height of Shia Sunni sectarian violence in Iraq), Ibn Jibrin said: "Some people say that the rejectionists (Rafida) are Muslims because they believe in God and his prophet, pray and fast. But I say they are heretics. They are the most vicious enemy of Muslims, who should be wary of their plots. They should be boycotted and expelled so that Muslims spared of their evil." He has been criticized by Abd al-Aziz al-Hakim, a political leader of Iraqi Shias. Iraqi Islamic scholar Ali al-Sistani, a leading Shia, has also criticized Ibn Jibrin, accusing him of exacerbating tensions between Shiites and Sunnis in Iraq.
After the September 11 attacks Ibn Jibrin, issued a fatwa against hijackings. In regard to Muslims having contact with non-Muslims he states that "being a companion to them and showing love for them" may be forgiven if the goal of these acts is to convert them to Islam:
   "It is allowed to mix with the disbelievers, sit with them and be polite with them as means of calling them to Allah, explaining to them the teachings of Islam, encouraging them to enter this religion and to make it clear to them the good result of accepting the religion and the evil result of punishment for those who turn away. For this purpose, being a companion to them and showing love for them is overlooked in order to reach that good final goal."
# The Institute of Contemporary Music Performance

The Institute of Contemporary Music Performance (ICMP, formerly known as the Guitar Institute), is an independent music education provider located in London, United Kingdom. The school currently has three sites, one in Kilburn, another in Queen's Park and one in SAE Institute, Liverpool.

## History

Founded in 1985, by session guitarist Alan Limbrick, the Institute was originally known as The Guitar Institute & BassTech, and was focused exclusively on training and developing guitarists and bassists. The 'tech' names were later dropped and the Institute retained the 'Guitar Institute' name. The school rebranded to The Institute of Contemporary Music Performance in 2006 and now also offers courses in drums, vocals, songwriting, music production, audio engineering, music business and digital marketing.
In 2021, the school was granted degree awarding powers by the Office for Students (OFS), affording the institution the authority to award certificates, diplomas and degrees up to and including Master’s level qualifications from September 2022 and the second phase of the new £2.5 million Queen's Park Campus is now open.

## Notable alumni

Notable alumni include:
* Ben Sargeant (The Script)
* Cathy Dennis
* Charlie Brown and Jules Konieczny (APRE)
* Daughter
* Ed O'Brien (Radiohead)
* Etta Bond
* Foxes
* Fraser T Smith (producer)
* Hannah Montrose (Drummer) - Lizzo, Emeli Sandé
* Julia Lamb (Tom Grennan)
* Luke Patterson (Clean Bandit)
* Matty Brown (Drummer) - Stormzy, Olly Murs
* Ny Oh (multi-instrumentalist) - Neon Gru, Harry Styles
* Rob Chapman
* Sandy Beales (Bass) - One Direction
* Tim Scott, instrumental recording artist,
# BEF

BEF may refer to:
* BEF (image format), High Dynamic Range imaging format
* B.E.F. (British Electric Foundation)
* Belgian franc, ISO 4217 currency code for the former currency of Belgium
* Benfleet railway station (National Rail station code: BEF) in Essex, England
* Bibliothèque des Ecoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome
* Binary entropy function
* Bluefields Airport (IATA Code: BEF) in Bluefields, Nicaragua
* Bonus Expeditionary Force
* Bovine ephemeral fever
* Brazilian Expeditionary Force
* British Equestrian Federation
* British Expeditionary Force (World War I)
* British Expeditionary Force (World War II)
* Black Eye Friday
# Eduardo Lago

Eduardo Lago (born 16 June 1954) is a Spanish novelist, translator, and literary critic, born in Madrid and currently living in Manhattan, New York, United States. In 2002, he was the recipient of the Bartolomé March Award for Excellence in Literary Criticism for his critical comparison of three Spanish translations of James Joyce’s novel, Ulysses. In 2006, he won the Premio Nadal, Spain's oldest and most prestigious literary award, for his first novel, Llámame Brooklyn (Call Me Brooklyn). For many years, he interviewed North American writers for the literary supplement Babelia in the Spanish newspaper El País. He returned to teaching Spanish, Spanish literature, and European Literature at Sarah Lawrence College in Yonkers in 2011, after leaving in 2005 for the position of Director of the Cervantes Institute in New York.
He is a founding member of the Order of Finnegans, which takes its name from a pub in Dalkey, Ireland, although there are those who believe it also comes from James Joyce’s last novel, Finnegans Wake. The knights of the Order of Finnegans must venerate James Joyce’s novel Ulysses and, if possible, attend Bloomsday each year in Dublin on the sixteenth of June. This is a long day that culminates, at dusk, at the Martello tower in Sandycove (where the novel begins) with participants reading sections from Ulysses and then walking to Finnegans pub in the neighbouring village of Dalkey. The other four founding members are Enrique Vila-Matas, Jordi Soler, Antonio Soler and Malcolm Otero Barral.
# Chambéry Airport

Chambéry Airport or Chambéry-Savoie Airport (French: Aéroport de Chambéry - Savoie-Mont-Blanc) (IATA: CMF, ICAO: LFLB), also known as Chambéry Aix-les-Bains Airport, is a small international airport near Chambéry, a commune in Savoy, France. Commercial activities started at the airport in 1960.

## Facilities

The airport is at an elevation of 234 metres (768 ft) above mean sea level. It has one paved runway designated which measures 2,020 by 45 metres (6,627 ft × 148 ft). It also has a parallel unpaved runway with a grass surface measuring 700 by 60 metres (2,297 ft × 197 ft).

## Airlines and destinations

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights at Chambéry Airport:
| Airlines | Destinations |
| British Airways | Seasonal: London–City, London–Gatwick |
| Jet2.com | Seasonal: Birmingham, Bristol, Edinburgh, Leeds/Bradford, London–Stansted, Manchester |
| TUI Airways | Seasonal: Birmingham, Bristol, Cardiff, Dublin, East Midlands, Edinburgh, Exeter, Glasgow, London–Gatwick, London–Stansted, Manchester |

## Airport statistics

| | Number of passengers | Percentage change | Number of movements |
| 1997 | 77,798 | – | – |
| 1998 | 80,749 | 3.8% | — |
| 1999 | 109,262 | 35.3% | — |
| 2000 | 114,144 | 4.5% | 44,675 |
| 2001 | 121,958 | 6.8% | 41,660 |
| 2002 | 141,502 | 16% | 40,169 |
| 2003 | 137,169 | 3.1% | 37,488 |
| 2004 | 180,813 | 31.8% | 37,047 |
| 2005 | 194,849 | 7.8% | 39,867 |
| 2006 | 194,827 | 0% | 40,315 |
| 2007 | 231,843 | 19% | 33,141 |
| 2008 | 270,632 | 16.7% | 32,822 |
| 2009 | 258,783 | 4.4% | 33,954 |
| 2010 | 231,820 | 10.4% | 34,805 |
| 2011 | 233,749 | 0.8% | 36,871 |
| 2012 | 228,291 | 2.3% | 37,872 |
| 2013 | 218,120 | 4.5% | 31,846 |
| 2014 | 225,913 | 3.6% | 30,280 |
| 2015 | 215,216 | 4.7% | 33,597 |
| 2016 | 212,018 | 1.5% | 30,282 |
# Poldasht

Poldasht (Persian: پلدشت) is a city in the Central District of Poldasht County in Iran's West Azerbaijan province, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The city lies on the western bank of the Aras River.
Poldasht is a Persian word meaning arable land by the bridge. The city is situated near the border crossing with the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. Across the Poldasht-Shah Takhti Bridge over the Aras is the Azerbaijani village of Şahtaxtı. It is one of the two Iran-Nakhchivan border crossings; the other is located near the city of Jolfa in East Azerbaijan province. Also adjacent to Poldasht is the Aras River Dam.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 8,584 people in 2,205 households, when it was capital of the former Poldasht District of Maku County. The following census in 2011 counted 9,963 people in 2,658 households, by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Poldasht County. Poldasht was transferred to the new Central District as the county's capital. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 11,472 people in 3,377 households.
# Dierdré A. Snijman

Dierdré "Dee" Anne Snijman is a South African botanist and plant taxonomist who is notable for studying and writing extensively on bulbs. She has described over 120 species and has written comprehensive works on South African flora. She received the 1997 Herbert Medal from the International Bulb Society for her research on Amaryllis.

## Early life and career

Snijman was born in a small town east of Johannesburg, South Africa and early on adopted the name "Dee" as easier to spell and pronounce. She was educated at Blessed Imelda Convent in Brakpan and at Damelin College in Johannesburg. Her initial interest in South African flowers was sparked by her parents' garden and the illustrations by Cythna Letty and Aruiol Batten. She completed her BSc (Botany and Mathematics) at the University of Natal. She obtained her MSc in 1973 and at the same time a Diploma in Education. Teaching proved to be not to her liking as proven by "a year of teaching unruly children."
In 1974 she joined the Compton herbarium at the Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens where she encountered the work of several South African botanists, including Robert Harold Compton. W.F. Barker had completed a collection of monocots there prior to her retirement. Peter Goldblatt and John Rourke guided her early work. She and Pauline Perry made many field trips in the Southern African winter-rainfall region.
In 1984 she published the Genus Haemanthus in conjunction with the botanical artist Ellaphie Ward-Hilhorst, and this was followed work on Hessea and Strumaria, which formed part of her Ph.D. degree.

## Works

* Snijman, D.A. (2013). Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region. SANBI. ISBN 9781919976778. OCLC 874805573.
* Snijman, D.A. (2013). Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region. 2, The extra Cape flora. South African National Biodiversity Institute, SANBI. ISBN 9781919976778. OCLC 1017436885.
* Snijman, D.A. (1984). Revision of the Genus Haemanthus L. (Amaryllidaceae). National Botanic Gardens of South Africa. OCLC 623237158.
* Snijman, D.A. (2014). A taxonomic revision of the genus Pauridia (Hypoxidaceae) in Southern Africa. Magnolia Press. ISBN 9781775575054. OCLC 904051097.
* Snijman, D.A.; Hall, A.V. (1994). Systematics of Hesses, Strumaria and Carpolyza (Amaryllideae; Amaryllidaceae). Bolus Herbarium, University of Cape Town. OCLC 762205601.
* Manning, John; Goldblatt, Peter; Snijman, Dee (2002). The color encyclopedia of Cape bulbs. Timber Press. ISBN 9780881925470. OCLC 469411205.
# Mangala (disambiguation)

Mangala is the name for Mars in Hindu astrology. Mangala may also refer to:
* Mangala (game), a traditional Turkish mancala game
* Mangala (magazine), a weekly Kannada film magazine
* Mangala (film), a Hindi-Telugu bilingual film
* Mangala language (disambiguation)
* Mangala people, an Indigenous Australian people of Western Australia
* the Hindu deity Mangala; see Maa Mangala Temple, Kakatpur, India
* Maṅgala Buddha
* Maṅgala Sutta

## People

* Eliaquim Mangala (born 1991), French footballer
* Mangala Moonesinghe (1931–2016), Sri Lankan lawyer, politician, and diplomat
* Mangala Samaraweera (born 1956), Sri Lankan politician
* Orel Mangala (born 1998), Belgian footballer
# African Origins

The African Origins project is a database run by researchers at Emory University, Georgia, United States, which aims to document all the known facts about the African diaspora, including all documentary material pertaining to the transatlantic slave trade. It is a sister project to Voyages: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database.
# Txamantxoia

Txamantxoia or Maze (Spanish: Chamanchoya) (1,945 m) is a mountain in the Pyrenees. It is located between the Ansó Valley in Aragon and the Belagua Valley in Navarre, Spain.
# Einar Strøm (gymnast)

Einar Strøm (17 March 1885 – 26 September 1964) was a Norwegian gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Norwegian team, which won the gold medal in the men's team, free system event.