OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ken McGowan

Ken McGowan (born 1954) is an environmentalist, entrepreneur and former politician.

## Early life

McGowan is a graduate of the University of Toronto with a degree in biology.

## Political career
### Early political career

McGowan was the Green Party of Nova Scotia's candidate for the electoral district of Annapolis in the 2006 Nova Scotia general election and also a regional party organizer prior to his leadership of the party.

### Green Party of Nova Scotia leadership

In 2007, McGowan was elected leader of the Green Party of Nova Scotia. According to the CBC some of his supporters claimed "it was McGowan's work as an organizer for the Greens that won him the leadership." McGowan beat out Ellen Durkee, and Aaron Eisses during the convention held in early May 2007. McGowan received over 50% of the vote, compared to Durkee's 34% and Eisses' 15%. A poll in June 2007 showed the Green Party of Nova Scotia, under McGowan, at 7 per cent popular support. A provincial by-election was held in Nova Scotia on 2 October 2007 in Cole Harbour-Eastern Passage in which one of McGowan's deputy leaders, Beverley Woodfield was the GPNS candidate. Woodfield garnered 4.68% of the vote, doubling the party's vote share in the riding.
McGowan resigned his leadership, along with his two deputy leaders and several executive members of the Green Party of Nova Scotia in 2008 after a disagreement with the party executive. McGowan stated the resignations were over two party members being appointed, and not elected to the party executive, contrary to the party's constitution.
# Sithembile Gumbo

Sithembile Gumbo (1962/1963 – 15 April 2019) was a Zimbabwean politician who served as MP for Lupane East.
# Serafino Silva

Serafino Silva (born 30 October 1953) is a Venezuelan former cyclist. He competed in the team time trial event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# 1386 in Ireland

Events from the year 1386 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Lord: Richard II

## Events

* 8 March – King Richard II of England grants John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, control of all royal lands in Ireland.

## Births

* Thomas FitzGerald, 5th Earl of Desmond, born circa 1386
# Dipak Karki (Dhanusha politician)

Dipak Karki is a Nepalese politician from the People's Socialist Party, Nepal, and is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election, he was elected from Dhanusha 1 (constituency).
# Halal Inn

The Halal Inn was an alcohol free inn and temperance bar in the United Kingdom. It was designed for Muslims. It is located in Oldham, Greater Manchester and opened in December 2007. It was owned by Azizur Rahman and Muzahid Khan. They bought and converted the Westwood Inn to the Halal Inn. The bar served soft drinks, fruit juice, non-alcoholic spritzers, tea, and coffee but no alcohol.
The inn also was home to a restaurant that serves traditional Asian and Middle Eastern food such as poppadoms, chicken pakora, seekh kebabs and the lamb dish saag gosht. There was also a steam room and a prayer room. The inn ran a snooker league, a Carrom league, and a monthly Islamic quiz night. Although the customers were predominantly male and Muslim, people of all backgrounds could frequent the inn.
Cited as closed down, owner 'gone away'.
# Arctic reindeer

The Arctic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus eogroenlandicus), properly known as the East Greenland caribou, was a subspecies of the reindeer (or the caribou in North America) that once lived in eastern Greenland. It has been extinct since 1900.
Archaeologists have found bones of small caribou the size of Peary caribou, Rangifer arcticus pearyi, throughout Greenland in the Illinoian-Wisconsin interglacial and through the LGM and early Holocene (Meldgaard 1986). Degerbøl (1957) described the East Greenland caribou (reindeer), R. t. eogroenlandicus, a small caribou that became extinct about 1900, from a relict enclave in north-eastern Greenland (see Figure 2 in Harding, 2022). However, Anderson (1946) thought that the small caribou that were occasionally found in northwest Greenland (and by implication, throughout Greenland in prehistoric times) were Peary caribou. Bennike (1988), comparing bones and noting that Peary caribou have been documented crossing Nares Strait to Greenland, doubted that pearyi and eogroenlandicus were subspecifically distinct. That Peary caribou shared certain mtDNA haplotypes and morphological similarities with it (Kvie et al. 2016) casts further doubt on the validity of R. t. eogroenlandicus. Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (traditional or community knowledge) records that Peary caribou do, occasionally, cross to Greenland.
The (West) Greenland caribou or reindeer (R. groenlandicus after a recent revision) is larger and darker and not referable to either R. a. pearyi or R. t. eogroenlandicus.

## Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Caribou on most of the High Arctic islands are Peary caribou, R. arcticus pearyi. (see Reindeer).

## Svalbard, Norway

Reindeer on the island group of Svalbard have recently been classified as a full species, R. platyrhinchus. See Reindeer.

## Other reindeer and caribou populations

Many other caribou (North America) and reindeer (Eurasia) live in Arctic regions, that is, north of the Arctic Circle at 66° North (or in tundra, under a botanical definition of Arctic). See Reindeer.
# The Seventh Companion

The Seventh Companion (Russian: Седьмой спутник, romanized: Sed'moy sputnik) is a 1967 Soviet drama film set in Petrograd in the years following the Russian Revolution. The film marked the directorial debut of Russian director Aleksei German, who co-directed it with Grigori Aronov. The film is based on a novel by Boris Lavrenyov.

## Plot

The film is set in 1918, St. Petersburg, Russia. The new government has announced a Red Terror, and now a merciless extermination of "counter-revolutionaries" is underway. Eugene Pavlovich Adamov, general of the royal army and professor at the Military Academy of Law, is arrested and placed in a kind of "room" which is arranged as a prisoner's cell. However, it does not only contain the king's soldiers, officials and aristocrats, but also ordinary criminals. Every day prisoners who are shaking from fear are being taken away for "trial" from the horrible room. And the verdict is almost always the same – execution by the firing squad.
Adamov has no illusions as he quietly waits for death, but suddenly a miracle happens: he is freed. Being an honest and principled man, Adamov in 1905 refused to bring charges against two sailors, who had disobeyed their captain's criminal orders. Now the new government considered this sufficient grounds for release of the old tsarist general. However, Adamov has no place to go: his apartment with numerous rooms has been given to other people a long time ago, and the general has to go back to the place of his recent confinement where he finds a job as a launderer.
Some time later Adamov is offered a job as an investigator and he begins to serve the new government. However, as he investigates the murders of the military confiscation unit ("prodotryad") members, the general is faced with an attempt of lawlessness on the part of the "reds" and resolutely tries to prevent this. Alas, no one listens to Adamov, innocent people are shot without trial, and the general himself falls into the hands of the "whites". Adamov tries to explain to the officer of the detachment his reasons for him going over to the Bolshevik side, but he sees only a traitor in Adamov, and he orders the old law professor to be shot.

## Cast

* Andrei Popov – Eugene Pavlovich Adamov, former royal general
* Aleksandr Anisimov – Kuhtin
* Georgiy Shtil – Kimka
* Pyotr Chernov – Zykov
* Valentin Abramov – chairman of the house committee
* Vladimir Osenev – Priklonskiy
* Sofia Giatsintova – Marya Semyonovna, general's wife
* Vladimir Erenberg – Verbovskiy
* Aleksandr Mikhaylov – Muravlev
* Abesalom Loria – Babsky, inventor
* Grigory Shpigel – Shpigel
* Pyotr Kudlay – Kostel-Sviridov
* Georgi Yumatov – Turka
* Anatoli Romashin – white officer
* Aleksey Batalov – commissar
* Aleksey Glazyrin – chairman of the Revolutionary Tribunal
* Liliya Gritsenko – Sonia Priklonskaya
* Panteleymon Krymov – Dmitriy Andreevich
* Yuri Leonidov – colonel
# Ambrosio Solorzano

Ambrosio Solorzano (born 7 December 1937) is a Venezuelan weightlifter. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Rhamphus

Rhamphus is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Curculionidae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe, Japan and Australia.
Species:
* Rhamphus oxyacanthae
* Rhamphus pulicarius
# William McMahon McKaig

William McMahon McKaig (July 29, 1845 – June 6, 1907) was an American politician.
Born in Cumberland, Maryland, McKaig attended the Carroll School and the Allegany County Academy. He studied law and was admitted to the Allegany bar in 1868. He moved to the Colorado Territory in 1873, but later returned to Maryland. He was appointed city attorney of Cumberland in 1876, and was elected to the Maryland House of Delegates in 1877. He was also elected to the Maryland State Senate in 1887, and as mayor of Cumberland in 1890. In 1890, McKaig was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses from the sixth district of Maryland, and served from March 4, 1891, until March 3, 1895. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1894, and resumed the practice of his profession. He died in Cumberland, and is interred in Rose Hill Cemetery.
# Transflammation

Transflammation describes the process by which innate immune response mechanisms affect the epigenetic plasticity of a cell during nuclear reprogramming. This phenomenon is essential in dedifferentiating a somatic cell to a pluripotent cell (induction of an induced pluripotent stem cell, iPSC) and also in transdifferentiating a terminally differentiated cell to another terminally differentiated cell.

## Discovery

The transflammation process was first discussed by Lee et al. in 2012 in relation to the effectiveness of reprogramming somatic cells to pluripotent cells using viral and non-viral approaches.
iPSC can be prepared from human fibroblast using a retroviral construct with the transcription factors Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 according to Takahashi, Yamanaka. However, these vectors are not completely safe and may accidentally integrate into cells DNA and impair the stability of the genome. This is why new methods of transmission (non-integration methods) are currently being developed. One of the available options is the transfer of small proteins or penetrating peptides across the membrane, which is safer but the yield is about 10-100x lower than viral approaches. These conclusions suggest that transcription factor transfer by the viral vector enhances reprogramming efficiency and processes that are involved in this phenomenon and affect epigenetic modifiers have been collectively referred to as transflammation.

## Transflammation process

The viral vector stimulates pattern recognition receptors (PRR): toll like receptors (TLRs) or RL-I-like receptors (RLRs), which trigger anti-inflammatory signaling of innate immunity and subsequently activate transcription factors NF-κβ and IRF3. These factors are involved in chromatin remodeling in the nucleus. The result is chromatin release and facilitating transcription factors to bind the genes.
Signalling via oxygen and nitrogen radicals (ROS, NOS) enhance the inflammatory response by generating additional danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) is also involved in successful cell reprogramming. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is responsible for the generation of nitrogen radicals in the cell and it is activated after binding of NF-κβ to promoter.
iPSC forms oxygen radicals only in the initial phase of reprogramming. Later oxidation activity attenuates and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes occurs. The correct timing and amount of ROS / NOS is critical to the overall efficiency of the process. A cell stimulated with poly I: C (a synthetic TLR3 receptor agonist) with low doses of poly I: C increase iPSC production but higher levels decrease IPSC. It means if the innate immune response is inhibited or the response is disproportionately large, the cell will not be reprogrammed („Goldilocks zone“).
# Mount Daly

Mount Daly may refer to:
* Mount Daly (Waputik Range) in Yoho National Park, Alberta/British Columbia, Canada
* Mount Daly (Cascade Range) in British Columbia, Canada
* Mount Daly (Gunnison County, Colorado) in Gunnison County, Colorado, United States
* Mount Daly (Pitkin County, Colorado) in Pitkin County, Colorado, United States
# Ben Bard

Ben Bard (January 26, 1893 – May 17, 1974) was an American movie actor, stage actor, and acting teacher. With comedian Jack Pearl, Bard worked in a comedy duo in vaudeville.
In 1926, Bard, Pearl, and Sascha Beaumont appeared in a short film made in Lee DeForest's Phonofilm sound-on-film process. He had a small role in The Bat Whispers (1930). Later in the decade, he ran a leading Hollywood acting school, Ben Bard Drama.
Bard was recruited to be a leading man at Fox Film Corporation. However, he was typecast as a "Suave Heavy"—a smooth-talking, well-dressed fellow with a dark side. An example of this type is his portrayal of "Mr. Brun" in The Seventh Victim (1943). Also in 1943, Bard appeared in two other Val Lewton-produced horror films: The Leopard Man, as Robles, the Police Chief, and The Ghost Ship, as First Officer Bowns.
Bard became the head of the New Talent Department at Twentieth-Century-Fox in September 1956, eventually resigning in August 1959. He re-opened his school, Ben Bard Drama, in 1960.

## Ben Bard Theater

For at least 20 years Bard operated the Ben Bard Theater in Hollywood. The theater had two primary functions — presenting plays and training new actors. In 1952 it presented a new show every week, put on by 150 students and seven directors. Actors who participated in the theater included Turhan Bey, Jack Carson, Alan Ladd, Kathy Lewis, and Gig Young. Talent scouts regularly attended productions to recruit new talent. Facilities at the theater included classrooms, a dance auditorium, a miniature theater, study halls, and offices.

## Marriages

* In 1929 he married the serial film star Ruth Roland, and was married to Roland until her death in 1937.
* In 1939, he married Roma Clarisse, an actress and last recipient of the Ruth Roland Scholarship to Ben Bard Drama. They had 3 children before she died in 1947.
* In 1948, Bard married Jackie Lynn Taylor, an actress in the Our Gang series. They divorced in 1954.

## Death

Bard died in Los Angeles in 1974, aged 81. His resting place is with Ruth Roland in an unmarked grave in the Great Mausoleum at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California.

## Selected filmography

* Sandy (1926)
* My Own Pal (1926)
* 7th Heaven (1927)
* Two Flaming Youths (1927)
* Love Makes 'Em Wild (1927)
* The Secret Studio (1927)
* Come to My House (1927)
* Dressed to Kill (1928)
* No Other Woman (1928)
* Fleetwing (1928)
* Romance of the Underworld (1928)
* Love and the Devil (1929)
* Born Reckless (1930)
* The Bat Whispers (1930)
* Meet the Baron (1933)
* Youth Runs Wild (1944)
* Black Angel (1946) (bartender)
# Civil Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly

Pursuant to Article 55 of the Law on Internal Regulations of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Parliament of the Islamic Republic of Iran), the Civil Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly is formed to perform its assigned duties in the fields of road maintenance and transportation, housing, urban and rural development, and civil affairs of municipalities in accordance with the provisions of the regulation.

## Scope of duties

The scope of duties of the Civil Commission can be classified into three general categories: housing and urban management, transportation, and development projects. The following are some of the most important commission's challenges in these fields:
* Transport fleet safety issues and the use of technology to improve
* How to price energy in different types of transportation
* Level of efficiency and operation of infrastructure and fleet
* Review of urban management structure
* Realization of urban regeneration and improvement, renovation and empowerment of dysfunctional urban fabric
* Low-income housing support policies
* The transition from vehicle and motorized purely transportation system to human-centered system
* Improving the strength of cities
* Issues related to public and private participation in infrastructure projects

### Committees

The Civil Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly has seven working groups as follows:
* Water and Wastewater
* Special
* Urban and rural development
* Architecture and urban planning
* Transportation
* Technical and executive system
* The ports

## Members

The members of the Civil Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly in the second year of the 11th term of the Assembly are as follows:
| Row | Name | Position |
| 1 | Mohammad Reza Rezaei Kouchi | Chairman |
| 2 | Esmaeel Hosseinzehi | First Vice Chairman |
| 3 | Sodeif Badri | Second Vice Chairman |
| 4 | Abdoljalal Eiri | Spokesperson |
| 5 | Ahmad Jabbari | First Secretary |
| 6 | Ara Shaverdian | Second Secretary |
| 7 | Sharli Envieh Takie | Corporator |
| 8 | Seyyed Alborz Hosseini | Corporator |
| 9 | Ahmad Donyamali | Corporator |
| 10 | Mohammad Sargazi | Corporator |
| 11 | Mojtaba Yousefi | Corporator |
| 12 | Mansoor Arami | Corporator |
| 13 | Hamzeh Amini | Corporator |
| 14 | Kamal Hosseinpoor | Corporator |
| 15 | Eghbal Shakeri | Corporator |
| 16 | Gholamreza Shariati Anderati | Corporator |
| 17 | Kamal Alipoor Khonakdari | Corporator |
| 18 | Rahmatollah Firoozi Poorbadi | Corporator |
| 19 | Ahmad Moharamzadeh Yakhforoozan | Corporator |
| 20 | Jalil Mokhtar | Corporator |
| 21 | Adel Najafzadeh | Corporator |
| 22 | Ali Nikzad | Corporator |
| 23 | Alireza Pak Fetrat | Corporator |
| 24 | Gholamali Koohsari | Corporator |
# Winston Santos

Winston Santos (born 5 March 1968) is a Venezuelan wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 62 kg at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Jussi Heikkilä

Jussi Sakari Heikkilä (born 21 March 1983) is a Finnish 400 metre hurdler. His personal best is 49.39 seconds, achieved in May 2008 in Tallahassee, Florida.
He competed at the European Championships in 2002 and at the World Championships in 2009 without reaching the final.
Heikkilä was born in Forssa. He has studied in the United States for a long time and he was fourth at the NCAA Championships in 2008.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Finland ||||||
| 2002 | World Junior Championships | Kingston, Jamaica | 6th | 400 m hurdles | 51.35 |
| 2002 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 28th (h) | 400 m hurdles | 51.47 |
| 2003 | European U23 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 21st (h) | 400 m hurdles | 52.45 |
| 2005 | European U23 Championships | Erfurt, Germany | 4th | 400 m hurdles | 50.39 |
| 2005 | Universiade | Izmir, Turkey | 15th (h) | 400 m hurdles | 51.62 |
| 2007 | Universiade | Bangkok, Thailand | 12th (sf) | 400 m hurdles | 51.04 |
| 2009 | European Indoor Championships | Turin, Italy | 16th (h) | 400 m | 47.53 |
| 2009 | Universiade | Belgrade, Serbia | 6th | 400 m hurdles | 50.19 |
| 2009 | World Championships | Berlin, Germany | 25th (h) | 400 m hurdles | 51.42 |
| 2010 | European Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 23rd (h) | 400 m hurdles | 52.46 |
| 2012 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 35th (h) | 400 m hurdles | 52.95 |
# Formula Sun Grand Prix 2013

FSGP 2013 was held at Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas. Oregon State University's Phoenix took first place overall, while Illinois State University's Mercury IV finished one lap behind in second place, and Iowa State University's Hyperion finished one lap behind them in third place.
| Rank | Team | Total Laps | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Fast Lap |
| 1 | Oregon State University | 193 | 65 | 66 | 63 | 1 | 5:26.565 |
| 2 | Illinois State University | 192 | 64 | 65 | 64 | 1 | 4:59.886 |
| 3 | Iowa State University | 191 | 61 | 52 | 78 | | 4:42.289 |
| 4 | Principia College | 184 | 56 | 54 | 74 | | 4:46.005 |
| 5 | Western Michigan University | 183 | 66 | 64 | 53 | | 5:36.894 |
| 6 | University of Texas | 121 | 34 | 42 | 60 | 15 | 5:02.661 |
| 7 | University of Waterloo | 20 | 0 | 0 | 20 | | 6:33.359 |
| 8 | Southern Illinois University Edwardsville | 10 | 7 | 1 | 2 | | 7:25.008 |
| 9 | Georgia Tech | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | N/A |
# Oracle attack

In the field of security engineering, an oracle attack is an attack that exploits the availability of a weakness in a system that can be used as an "oracle" to give a simple go/no go indication to inform attackers how close they are to their goals. The attacker can then combine the oracle with a systematic search of the problem space to complete their attack.
The padding oracle attack, and compression oracle attacks such as BREACH, are examples of oracle attacks, as was the practice of "crib-dragging" in the cryptanalysis of the Enigma machine. An oracle need not be 100% accurate: even a small statistical correlation with the correct go/no go result can frequently be enough for a systematic automated attack.
In a compression oracle attack the use of adaptive data compression on a mixture of chosen plaintext and unknown plaintext can result in content-sensitive changes in the length of the compressed text that can be detected even though the content of the compressed text itself is then encrypted. This can be used in protocol attacks to detect when the injected known plaintext is even partially similar to the unknown content of a secret part of the message, greatly reducing the complexity of a search for a match for the secret text. The CRIME and BREACH attacks are examples of protocol attacks using this phenomenon.
# The Sheriff (1959 film)

La sceriffa (The Sheriff) is a 1959 Italian Western comedy in black-and-white, directed by Roberto Bianchi Montero. It stars Italian comedy star Ugo Tognazzi. It was released on 16 August 1959. The film starred several comedians and spawned a number of western comedies which followed.

## Plot

A sheriff is killed and his widow (Tina Pica) takes up his job to find the killers.

## Cast

* Tina Pica as Carmela Esposito, 'la Sceriffa'
* Ugo Tognazzi as Colorado Joe
* Livio Lorenzon as Jimmy Jesse
* Tino Scotti as The Judge
* Alberto Sorrentino as Brutto Tempo - the Native American
* Anita Todesco as Nuvola Rosa - Brutto Tempo's Daughter
* Carlo Pisacane as Nick
* Carlo Sposito as Gennarino - aka Gen
* Annie Alberti as Connie Dallas
* Franco Balducci as Jimmy Jesse's Brother
* Stelio Candelli as Bruno Carotenuto
* Elio Crovetto as Jack - the Texan drunk
* Tina De Mola as Dolly - the singer
* Fanfulla as Ciccio - Sceriffa's assistant

## Criticism

This is an “inconsequential western that tries in vain to poke fun at relevant American genre films; neither entertaining nor funny.” According to the dictionary of international film. The Italian colleagues complain that the film was shot "with little resources and too hasty", although it could have been "more pleasant with more care and attention". Christian Kessler notes that the director's 23rd film is exemplary of "the comedies of the time that attempted to revitalize the already worn-out ways of the local comedy class by adding genre-parodic elements". The film is "reasonably entertaining" despite the non-transferability of the dialect jokes prevalent in the original.