OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Erdmuthe Dorothea of Reuss-Ebersdorf

Erdmuthe Dorothea, Countess of Zinzendorf and Pottendorf (née Countess of Reuss-Ebersdorf; 7 November 1700 – 19 June 1756) was a German Pietist and hymn writer.

## Early life

Countess Erdmuthe Dorothea von Reuss-Ebersdorf was born on 7 November 1700 in the village of Ebersdorf, in Thuringia. She was the daughter of Count Henry X of Reuss-Ebersdorf and his wife, Countess Erdmuthe Benigna of Solms-Laubach (1670-1732).

## Biography

She had a pietistic upbringing according to the principles Philip Jacob Spener.
In 1721, at the wedding of her brother, Henry XXIX, she met his friend Count Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. Exactly one year later, she married him. The marriage was described as combative, based on a mutual decision to strive for mutual goals, rather than convenience or love. They had twelve children, among them, Count Christian Renatus von Zinzendorf.
Erdmuthe, who had learned from her mother how to administer a county, took over the business of managing her husband's possessions in Berthelsdorf and the newly founded settlement of Herrnhut. In the Moravian Church, she ran the orphanage, in addition to raising her own twelve children. After her husband's first expulsion in 1732, he transferred his possessions to her. She toured several European countries together with her husband and during his eleven years of exile, she administered his assets and managed the Moravian Church.
In 1755 her husband returned from exile in London. They had grown apart during his exile, and lived separately after his return: he resided at his castle in Berthelsdorf; she lived in Herrnhut palace. After the death of her last son, Christian Renatus, her health began failing.

## Legacy

Erdmuthe Dorothea wrote a number of hymns and initiated the annual publication Daily Watchwords.
# Sky High (1951 film)

Sky High is a 1951 American comedy film directed by Sam Newfield and starring Sid Melton, Mara Lynn, Sam Flint, Douglas Evans and Fritz Feld. The film has music composed by Bert Shefter.

## Cast

* Sid Melton as Herbert Pumice / Muscrat Maxie McClure
* Mara Lynn as Sally
* Sam Flint as Col. Baker
* Douglas Evans as Maj. Talbot
* Fritz Feld as Dr. Kapok
* Marc Krah as Elmer Smith - The Boss
* Margia Dean as Cpl. Lily Gaylord
* Paul Bryar as Sgt. Kurt Petrov
* John Phillips as Lt. Col. Turbojet
* Thayer Roberts as Maj. Catastrophe
* John Pelletti as George Grady
# Michael Copps Costello

Michael Copps Costello (August 2, 1875 – March 22, 1936) was a Canadian printer, a medical graduate (who never practiced his profession) and the 19th mayor of Calgary, Alberta, holding office from 1915 to 1919.

## Early life

William Costello was born in Montreal, Quebec in 1875 to John William Costello and Elizabeth Copps. As a child, he was known as Copps Costello, the name by which he is described in the 1891 census for Calgary, having been enumerated as Michael William Costello in the 1881 census for Renfrew Village, Ontario. In adult life, he changed his middle name to his mother's maiden name, Copps, the name by which he was generally known.
Copps arrived in Calgary on the historic first train to the city in 1883. His early education was in Calgary and he became an apprentice printer. After completing his apprenticeship, he began working for the Calgary Herald. He went on to study medicine at Queen's University in Kingston in 1904. He then went to London, England for a year's post-graduate education and continued with further medical studies at the Rotunda Hospital in Dublin, Ireland. While in Ireland, he visited his father's birthplace at Trienearagh, County Kerry. He married Pearl Corrigan in Kingston in 1910.
Michael's father John William Costello was a trustee of the Separate School District of the Northwest Territories, and chairman of the board from 1899 to 1904 which would later become the Calgary Catholic School Board. The John Costello Catholic School is named in his honour.

## Political career

On his return to Calgary, Costello entered municipal politics. In 1913 and 1914, he was an alderman on Calgary City Council. In the latter year, he was chosen to carry the responsibilities of acting mayor, during Mayor Sinnott's absence of three months. In the election that year, he was elected Mayor of Calgary. He spent four years as mayor from January 2, 1915, to January 2, 1919. Costello served as president of the Alberta Urban Municipalities Association in 1915–1916.
Costello ran unsuccessfully for mayor in the 1922 municipal election. He ran unsuccessfully as a Conservative MLA candidate in the Calgary electoral riding in the 1921 and 1926 Alberta general elections.

## Later life

Following his retirement from the mayoralty, Costello became connected with the Calgary Iron Works, where he worked in an executive capacity for many years before retiring for health reasons.
Costello was a founding member of the Southern Alberta Pioneer and Old Timers' Association and served as Grand Knight on the Calgary Council of the Knights of Columbus.
Costello died in 1936, aged 60 and is buried in Saint Mary's Pioneer Cemetery in Calgary.
# Dybowo, Ełk County

Dybowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Prostki, within Ełk County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Prostki, 18 km (11 mi) south of Ełk, and 119 km (74 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.
# The Eternal Grind

The Eternal Grind is a 1916 silent drama film directed by John B. O'Brien, and starring Mary Pickford. The film is inspired by the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, which took place in 1911.

## Plot

Louise (Pickford) is a sewing-machine girl in a sweatshop in New York City. She lives together with her sisters Amy (Loretta Blake) and Jane (Dorothy West) and are all deprived by bad conditions at work and sickness. Louise tries for the three of them to survive and regards herself as the keeper of her sisters.
Meanwhile, she stands up to her bosses and complains about the dreadful circumstances they work in. When Amy is seduced by the son of the shop-owner, Louise butts in and stops the romance. He eventually abandons Amy and becomes seriously injured in a cave-in. Louise has a secret crush on the son herself and tries to rescue him, hoping he will admit he loves her.

## Cast

* Mary Pickford - Louise
* Loretta Blake - Amy
* Dorothy West - Jane
* John Bowers - Owen Wharton
* Robert Cain - Ernest Wharton

## Reception

The film was received generally negatively, with The New York Times saying, "Obliged by her Famous Players contract to star in pedestrian melodramas like The Eternal Grind, it was no wonder that Mary Pickford yearned to become her own producer".

## Preservation status

A print is preserved in Cinematheque Francais.
# Abe Coleman

Abe Kelmer / Abba Kelmer (September 20, 1905 – March 28, 2007) was a Polish professional wrestler, promoter and referee, known by the ring names Abe Coleman, Hebrew Hercules, and Jewish Tarzan. At the time of his death, Coleman was believed to be the oldest professional wrestler in the world, and the only known wrestler to live past the age of 100 years.

## Early life

Kelmer was born to a Jewish family in Żychlin, Congress Poland in 1905. His father was a coal-seller. Kelmer had 15 older brothers and sisters, some of whom were murdered in the Holocaust. In 1923, he emigrated to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, and later moved to New York City in the United States.

## Professional wrestling career

According to the Canadian Online Explorer's Greg Oliver, there is debate regarding Kelmer's debut in professional wrestling. In 1929, local promoter Rudy Miller offered Coleman $25 (equivalent to $440 in 2023) to wrestle after seeing him work out in a Brooklyn gym. Despite this, an "Abe Coleman" wrestled to a draw with George Deslonchamps on March 19, 1928, at Madison Square Garden, but it is unknown if it was Kelmer or another wrestler with the same ring name.
Credited for inventing the dropkick, Coleman claims his inspiration to create the move came from kangaroos he observed while on a tour of Australia in 1930.
Coleman was never a champion but regarded as a solid mid-card standby. In the 1930s, Coleman defeated Jim Londos in a match in a Mexico City bullring in front of 60,000 spectators. During a 1936 match against Man Mountain Dean in front of 36,000 people, Coleman slammed Dean to the ground, breaking the ring mat and dropping the pair down to the arena floor.
Following his retirement from active in-ring competition, Coleman became a professional wrestling referee. He also promoted several wrestling shows with Bill Johnston.

## After wrestling

Following his retirement from wrestling, Kelmer inspected license plates for the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles.

## Personal life

Kelmer met June Miller in 1936, stating he met her in Madison Square Garden when he landed in her lap after being thrown from the ring. They married three years later in 1939. The couple had no children and Miller died in 1987. Kelmer lived in Forest Hills, New York. It was in Forest Hills that Kelmer subdued two attempted muggers when he was in his 80s.
Outside of wrestling, Kelmer's interests included poker and horse racing.
In his final years, Kelmer, primarily using a wheelchair, lived at the Meadow Park Rehabilitation and Health Care Center in Flushing, New York. Kelmer died on March 28, 2007, in a nursing home in Queens, New York, of kidney failure.

## Championships and accomplishments

* Cauliflower Alley Club
** Other honoree (1995)
* Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
** Class of 2012 (Pioneer category)
# Hans Kühne

Hans Kühne (3 June 1880 – 18 February 1969) was a German chemist on the board of IG Farben and a defendant during the IG Farben Trial.

## Early years

The son of Julius and Elisabeth Kühne, Hans Kühne enrolled in the University of Leipzig to study chemistry in 1903, graduating in 1906. He took a job with Chemische Fabrik Marienhütte after university but changed employer several times in the following years, as well as serving in the German Imperial Army in France for a spell in 1915 as part of the First World War. In 1916 he took on a position with Bayer where he flourished, developing a process for the production of sulfuric acid and being awarded his doctorate by the University of Cologne. He was appointed an alternate member of the Bayer board in 1923, a post he held until 1926 when he left to take on full membership of the board at IG Farben.

## IG Farben

Kühne first came to attention within IG Farben in the late 1920s when he called for a change in the company structure. He suggested that the company's major product lines should all be centralised at Frankfurt and that for each line a commercial executive should be appointed to work closely with a product manager in order to help secure a greater share of the world market for the company. He also argued for a restructuring at boardroom level, calling for a reduction in the number of senior executives and for those in charge to have greater power. Throughout the late 1920s and the early 1930s Kühne's suggestions were taken on board and helped determine a new structure for IG Farben's business practices.

## Serving Nazi regime

Kühne was an enthusiastic supporter of the Nazi regime from the moment it took office. As manager of IG Farben's Leverkusen plant, he immediately took up the suggestion that the traditional May Day holiday should instead be celebrated as a new Nazi holiday for industrial excellence. He equally encouraged involvement in other unusual government initiatives, such as regular air raid drills that were brought in 1933 despite Germany not being at war with anyone. He promptly joined the Nazi Party after being sponsored by Robert Ley although in 1934 he was summarily expelled from the party for his involvement in Freemasonry.
Kühne would later gain promotion to the post of chief of production for organic and inorganic chemicals at IG Farben and immediately following the signing of the Munich Agreement he was one of a number of executives appointed to oversee expansion in the Sudetenland. In this post he played a central role in the rapid remilitarisation of Germany.

## Post-war

On 4 May 1947 Kühne, as a member of the managing board of IG Farben, was one of 24 company executives indicted by the United States for their role in rearming Germany and their use of slave labour. He was however acquitted the following year and soon secured a role with the Bayer pharmaceutical research facility in Elberfeld. In an interview after the war Kühne insisted that he had only ever supported the Nazis because he hoped that their policies would lead to job creation.

## Personal life

Kühne was married to Helene Bucerius and the couple had four children together.
# Skyscraper (1928 film)

Skyscraper is a 1928 American silent drama film directed by Howard Higgin. At the 2nd Academy Awards in 1930, Elliott J. Clawson was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Writing (Adapted Screenplay). Prints of the film exist.

## Cast

* William Boyd as Blondy
* Alan Hale as Slim Strede
* Sue Carol as Sally
* Alberta Vaughn as Jane
* Wesley Barry as Redhead
* Paul Weigel as Redhead's father

## Development

In 1927, Cecil B. DeMille charged Ayn Rand - at the time, recently arrived from the Soviet Union - with writing a script for what would become Skyscraper. The original story, by Dudley Murphy, was about two construction workers involved in building a New York skyscraper who are rivals for a woman's love. Rand rewrote the story, transforming the rivals into architects. One of them, Howard Kane, was an idealist dedicated to his mission and erecting the skyscraper despite enormous obstacles. The film would have ended with Kane's throwing back his head in victory, standing atop the completed skyscraper. DeMille rejected Rand's script, and the completed film followed Murphy's original idea, but Rand's version contained elements she would later use in The Fountainhead.
# Dick Fowler (politician)

Richard S. Fowler (April 12, 1932 – July 8, 2012) was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, Minister of the Crown in the Government of Alberta, mayor of St. Albert, Alberta, and Judge of the Provincial Court of Alberta.
Fowler was first elected mayor of St. Albert in 1965, and served a single term. He did not seek re-election in 1968. He returned to office in 1980 by acclamation to replace the retiring Ronald Harvey. He was acclaimed again in 1983 and re-elected in 1986 with nearly seventy percent of the vote. He resigned in 1989, months before the end of his third term, to run as the Progressive Conservative candidate in the 1989 provincial election in St. Albert.
Incumbent New Democrat Bryan Strong was not seeking re-election, and Fowler defeated his closest challenger, Liberal Len Bracko, by more than two thousand votes. He was appointed Solicitor General by Premier Don Getty and served as such until February 1992, when Getty appointed him to the portfolios of Municipal Affairs and Native Affairs. When Ralph Klein became Premier in December 1992, Fowler was named Minister of Justice and Attorney General. He was defeated by Bracko in the 1993 election.
Fowler also served as justice of the Provincial Court of Alberta.
Richard S. Fowler Junior High School in St. Albert is named in his honour. Fowler died on July 8, 2012.
# Dylewo, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship

Dylewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grunwald, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) west of Gierzwałd (the gmina seat), 17 km (11 mi) south of Ostróda, and 42 km (26 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
During World War II, the Germans operated a forced labour subcamp of the Nazi prison in Barczewo in the village.
# Billy Lawless

William Noel Lawless Sr. (24 December 1950 – 8 November 2024) was an Irish independent politician and businessman who served as a Senator from 2016 to 2020, after being nominated by the Taoiseach. Lawless was from Rahoon, County Galway.
In the 1980s, he was chair of Fine Gael in the Galway West constituency and stood unsuccessfully for Galway City Council in 1991. He emigrated to Chicago in 1998, having always had plans to open a business in the United States. He made the decision after his daughter received a rowing scholarship to Boston University.
Lawless owned five restaurants in the Chicago area, employing 460 people, and was a board member and co-founder of the Illinois Business Immigration Coalition (IBIC) and chair of Chicago Celts for Immigration Reform.
Lawless was credited with helping the cause of Irish immigrants and undocumented Irish in America, and was made Freeman of Galway in 2015 for these efforts. He was conferred with an Honorary Doctorate by NUI Galway in June 2015. On 11 May 2016, Taoiseach Enda Kenny appointed Lawless to the 25th Seanad, making him the first overseas Irish senator.
Lawless had close ties to the Obama administration and was chosen to introduce the President when he announced his plans for immigration reform. He was an unsuccessful candidate at the 2021 Seanad by-elections. In 2021, Lawless was awarded the Irish Presidential Distinguished Service Award for Irish Community Support.
Lawless died in Chicago on 8 November 2024, at the age of 73 after suffering from kidney failure.
# Amara neoscotica

Amara neoscotica is a species of seed-eating ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.
# D205 road

D205 is a state road in Hrvatsko Zagorje region of Croatia connecting Razvor border crossing to Slovenia and the towns of Kumrovec and Klanjec to the A2 motorway Zabok interchange via D307 state road. The road is 24.6 km (15.3 mi) long.
This and all other state roads in Croatia are managed and maintained by Hrvatske ceste, state owned company.

## Traffic volume

Traffic is regularly counted and reported by Hrvatske ceste, operator of the road.
D205 traffic volume :
| Road | Counting site | AADT | ASDT | Notes |
| D205 | 1109 Tuheljske Toplice | 4,633 | 5,885 | Between the Ž2248 and Ž2155 junctions. |

## Road junctions and populated areas

D205 junctions/populated areas :
* Slip roads/Notes
* Razvor border crossing to Slovenia. The route extends to Bistrica ob Sotli, Slovenia. The western terminus of the road.
* Ž2152 to Zagorska Sela and Plavić.
* Kumrovec Ž2241 to Goričnica and Ravnice Desinićka.
* Risvica
* Ž2153 to Pristava and Tuhelj.
* Mihanovićev Dol Ž2186 to Kraljevec na Sutli, Dubravica and Zaprešić (D225).
* Klanjec
* Dol Klanječki
* Sveti Križ Ž2215 to Lučelnica and Radakovo.
* Ž2248 to Tuhelj, Velika Horvatska and Desinić.
* Ž2155 to Tuheljske Toplice, Krapinske Toplice and Lepajci (D1).
* Dubrovčan
* Ž2188 to Ravnice.
* D507 to Krapinske Toplice and Valentinovo (D206).
* Gubaševo D1 to Zabok and Sveti Križ Začretje (to the north) and to Zaprešić via D225 (to the south). D307 to the A2 motorway Zabok interchange and to Donja Stubica. Ž2189 to Jalšje. Ž2195 to Pavlovec Zabočki and Veliko Trgovišće. The eastern terminus of the road.

## Sources

* ↑ "Regulation on motorway markings, chainage, interchange/exit/rest area numbers and names". Narodne novine (in Croatian). April 24, 2003. Archived from the original on October 4, 2011. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
* ↑ "Decision on categorization of public roads as state roads, county roads and local roads". Narodne novine (in Croatian). February 17, 2010.
* ↑ "Public Roads Act". Narodne novine (in Croatian). December 14, 2004.
* ↑ "Traffic counting on the roadways of Croatia in 2009 - digest" (PDF). Hrvatske ceste. May 1, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2011.
* ↑ "Map of border crossings and customs office areas" (PDF). Customs Administration of the Republic of Croatia (in Croatian). March 6, 2008.
# Marian Swayne

Marian Swayne (July 9, 1891 - August 21, 1973) was an American stage and film actress.

## Biography

Swayne began her career with the Solax Studios in 1911 under the tutelage of Alice Guy-Blaché.
In 1917, J. Arthur Nelson, president of Dominion Film Corporation, announced that Swayne had signed a three-year contract to be the leading woman in that company's planned site in British Columbia. She also acted for Gaumont Film Company and Mutual Film.
Her film career ended in 1924, a few years before the silent film era ended. She performed on the stage as both Marian Swayne and Marion Swayne. Her work on Broadway included portraying June Phelps in Clouds (1925).
She was married to fellow screen player Joseph Levering. Swayne died in New York in August 1973.

## Selected filmography

* Falling Leaves (1912)
* Brennan of the Moor (1913)
* A House Divided (1913) as Diana Hutton
* The Little American (1917) as Mona
* The Deemster (1917)
* Little Miss Fortune (1917)
* The Road Between (1917)
* The Little Samaritan (1917)
* Crimson Cross (1921)
* The Man from Glengarry (1922)
* Counterfeit Love (1923)
# Princess Juliane of Hesse-Philippsthal

Juliane of Hesse-Philippsthal (8 June 1761 – 9 November 1799), was a countess of Schaumburg-Lippe, married in 1780 to Count Philip II, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe. She served as the regent of Schaumburg-Lippe during the minority of her son from 1787 to 1799.

## Life

Juliane was the daughter of Landgrave William of Hesse-Philippsthal (1726–1810) and his wife Ulrike Eleonore, Landgravine of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld (1732–1795). She spent some of her youth in 's-Hertogenbosch, where her father served as a Dutch general. She received a German education.
On 10 October 1780 she married in Philippsthal to Count Philip Ernest of Schaumburg-Lippe. Philipp Ernst, who was 57 years old at the time and already a widower, died after only seven years of marriage. Countess Juliane took up government, together with Count Johann Ludwig, Reichsgraf von Wallmoden-Gimborn as regent for her minor son George William. Immediately afterwards, Landgrave William of Hesse-Kassel occupied Schaumburg-Lippe militarily, arguing it was a fief of Hesse, and vacant after Philip II's death. With support from Hanover, Prussia and the Imperial Council, Juliane managed to achieve a rapid withdrawal of the Hessian troops.
The Government of Juliane is considered extremely beneficial. She conducted thorough reforms of the economy and education, downsized the court, continued the tolerant policy towards the Jews her father-in-law had introduced and managed to cut taxes. She appointed Bernhard Christoph Faust as her personal physician, and helped him significantly with the introduction of the smallpox inoculation.
Juliane initiated a redesign of Hagenburg Castle and she is considered the founder of the spa Bad Eilsen.
She died after a severe cold and was buried in a mausoleum in the Schaumburg Forest. Count von Wallmoden-Gimborn continued to act as a regent for her son.

## Issue

* Countess Eleonore Luise (1781–1783)
* Countess Wilhelmine Charlotte (1783–1858)
* Count Georg Wilhelm (1784–1860), later (first) Prince Sovereign of Schaumburg-Lippe
* Countess Karoline Luise (1786–1846)

## Ancestors

Ancestors of Princess Juliane of Hesse-Philippsthal :
# Isaac Ellison

Isaac Ellison (1863 - 1928) was a Romanian businessman who was a leading member of the Jewish community in Singapore.

## Early life

Ellison was a native of Romania.

## Career

He came to Singapore prior to 1898. His dealings in shares and property were very successful, leading to him becoming very wealthy. He later became the proprietor of the International Restaurant in the Alkaff Arcade. He built the Ellison Building in 1924 for commercial purposes.
He was a race horse owner and imported his horses from England and Australia.

## Personal life and death

He was married to Flora Ellison. They had ten children.
In April 1928, he left Singapore and travelled to Karlovy Vary on vacation. However, while he was in Vienna, he was involved in an accident which resulted in his death.
# Dzierzgonka

Dzierzgonka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Markusy, within Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Markusy, 7 km (4 mi) south of Elbląg, and 76 km (47 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.