OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Education segregation in New Jersey

New Jersey has some of the most segregated schools in the United States. Despite laws promoting school integration since 1881, a 2017 study by the UCLA Civil Rights Project found that New Jersey has the sixth-most segregated classrooms in the United States.
New Jersey has substantially smaller school districts per capita than other states, effectively dividing attendance by municipality. As a result, the proportion of highly segregated schools in New Jersey increased by two-thirds between 1989 and 2010, from 4.8% to 8%.

## Background

New Jersey, the most densely populated state in the country, with the second highest per capita income, has a well-developed public school system. A change to its constitution in 1947 outlawed overt segregation in schools, a decade before Brown v. Board of Education.
In 1941, New Jersey had seventy districts with some form of formal segregation. Most of the segregation was in South Jersey, which was largely agricultural at the time. There was some in Bergen County, close to New York, where the average black classroom had 59 students.
After World War II and the promulgation of the 1947 constitution, legally sanctioned segregation mostly went by the boards. That same constitution retained the state's commitment to home rule -- that townships and municipalities are the primary form of local government. Counties are relatively weak in New Jersey. The diversity of schools in New Jersey is a reflection of the communities they serve. In New Jersey there were 568 municipalities and 590 school districts in 2017.
The Bordentown School (officially known as the Manual Training and Industrial School for Colored Youth), was a residential, publicly financed co-ed boarding school for African-American children in Bordentown. The school was known as the "Tuskegee of the North" for its adoption of many of the educational practices first developed at the Tuskegee Institute. Founded in 1886 and closed in 1955, the 400-acre (160 ha) campus included two farms and 30 trade buildings.

## Studies

Since 1996, the relative segregation of classrooms across the United States has been studied by the Civil Rights Project at Harvard until 2007 and subsequently at the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies at UCLA. The first report on New Jersey was published in 2012. The second was published in 2017.

## Findings

Racial isolation for Latino students increased in the period 1989-2010. Black students had less isolation in some areas and persistent segregation in others.
New Jersey has taken steps to equalize spending in the various school districts, including subsidies to 31 largely urban Abbott districts.

## Contrast with the nation, region, and other states

New Jersey has the sixth-most segregated classrooms in the United States.

## Initiatives

New Jersey was, for the most part, not affected by court-ordered busing in the 1960s and 1970s.
In Latino Action Network v. New Jersey, activists sued the state.
# Radio Television Afghanistan

National Radio Television Afghanistan (RTA; Pashto: د افغانستان ملي راډيو تلويزیون Da Afġānistān Millī Rādīo Televizion, Persian: رادیو تلویزیون ملی افغانستان Rādīo Televizion-e Millī-ye Afġānistān, branded as ملی (meaning national)) is the public-broadcasting organization of Afghanistan, based in Kabul. This governmental organ has a national television station (Afghanistan National Television) and a radio station (Radio Afghanistan) as well as news media. As of August 16, 2023, Yousef Ahmadi serves as the acting Director General of RTA. His predecessor was Atiqullah Azizi, who held the position since September 2021.

## History

Radio Afghanistan started with Radio Kabul in 1925 (1304 by the Afghan calendar), during the era of King Amanullah Khan. Two radio transmitters with the capacity of 400 watts were procured from the German company Telefunken, one of those has been installed on Koti Londoni near the bridge of Artel which subsequently started its operation and the second one had been transferred to Kandahar which on that period the musical programs and news were only being broadcast for few hours. Television broadcasting facilities and studios were constructed in 1976 with grant aid from Japan, and the television broadcasts started on 19 August 1978. Starting in 2002, the government started planning and attempting to reform RTA into a public service broadcaster. However this never came to fruition due to disagreements about the reform between president Hamid Karzai and other cabinet figures, despite the passing of several media laws. Eventually in April 2014, RTA was re-designated as an 'independent directorate', effectively meaning that the Ministry of Information no longer has direct control of the organization. Karzai's successor Ashraf Ghani also voiced his vision for RTA to become independent from the government.

## Structure

Radio Television Afghanistan has regional sub-stations for all provinces of Afghanistan which operate radio services, and in some provinces, basic television at a provincial level. They broadcast material produced at a provincial level, interspersed with news bulletins distributed by the Kabul-based news desk. These stations are usually closely affiliated with the provincial governors' offices. Broadcast content includes high volumes of government messaging.

## Gallery

* The RTA building on 10th Street, Wazir Akbar Khan, Kabul
* A live regional radio broadcast in Farah in 2013
# Convict's Code

Convict's Code is a 1939 American film directed by Lambert Hillyer.

## Plot

On parole after three years in prison, a football player encounters the man who had framed him.

## Cast

* Robert Kent as Dave Tyler
* Anne Nagel as Julie Warren
* Sidney Blackmer as Gregory Warren
* Victor Kilian as Bennett
* Norman Willis as Russell
* Maude Eburne as Mrs. Magruder
* Ben Alexander as Jeff Palmer
* Pat Flaherty as Sniffy
* Carleton Young as Pete Jennings
* Howard C. Hickman as Warden
* Joan Barclay as Elaine
* Harry Strang as Tom Lynch
# S. N. MacEachern

Stephen Neil MacEachern (February 9, 1894 – December 26, 1974) was a politician in Saskatchewan, Canada. He served as mayor of Saskatoon from 1941 to 1943.
The son of Archibald A. McEachern and Kate Gillis, he was born in Grand Mira, Nova Scotia and studied law at Dalhousie University. In 1921, he moved to Saskatoon. MacEachern taught at Nutana Collegiate from 1921 to 1940. He served on Saskatoon city council from 1934 to 1940. In 1938, he ran unsuccessfully for the Saskatoon City seat in the provincial assembly. MacEachern resigned as mayor in 1943 to become Saskatoon Board of Trade commissioner. In 1946, he became manager for the Saskatoon Exhibition. He resigned from the Board of Trade in 1959 to concentrate on the Saskatoon Exhibition. He also served on the board of governors for the University of Saskatchewan and on the Saskatoon Separate School Board. MacEachern died at the age of 80.
MacEachern Avenue in Saskatoon was named in his honour and the administration building for the Saskatoon Exhibition was renamed the Steve MacEachern Building in 1975.
# Kean St. Charles

Kean St. Charles was an American politician from Arizona. He served several terms in the Arizona State Senate during the 6th, 7th Arizona State Legislatures, 9th Arizona State Legislature, and 11th Arizona State Legislatures holding the seat from Mohave County. He also served in Arizona House of Representatives during the 21st and 22nd Arizona Territorial Legislatures. He also served in the upper house of the Territorial Legislature, called the council, during the last session before statehood.
St. Charles was born in Virginia in 1855. He moved to Arizona in 1893, where he had a brief stint on the newspaper, Mohave County Miner, before becoming one of the founders of Our Mineral Wealth, a weekly newspaper in Kingman, Arizona.
St. Charles was also involved in Arizona's mining industry, and discovered several valuable mineral properties. He died on September 4, 1945, at his daughter's home in Long Beach, California.
# Hong Young-ok

Hong Young-ok (born 28 December 1970) is a South Korean sport shooter who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Meditation on Violence

Meditation on Violence is a 1948 American experimental short film directed by Maya Deren. Shot in 16 mm, It explores in playing out the movements and performance of the Wu-tang ritual. It also obscures the distinction between violence and beauty. The film stars Chao-Li Chi and music by Teiji Ito.

## Cast

* Chao-Li Chi - Himself
# Talulah Does the Hula

Talulah Does the Hula were a five piece pop band from Dublin, Ireland.

## Members

* Paula Cullen – Vocals, Keyboards, Bass, Guitar, Tambourine
* Caoimhe Derwin – Vocals, Guitar, Bass, Keyboards,
* Lauren Kerchner – Vocals, Guitar, Bass, Keyboards
* Jessie Ward – Vocals, Bass, Guitar, Keyboards
* Michael Winder – Drums

## Band

Talulah Does the Hula's members include Paula Cullen and Caoimhe Derwin formerly of The Chalets; Jessie Ward and Lauren Kerchner formerly of Neosupervital. The band formed in early 2008 and performed their first gig in Dublin in October 2008. They are noted for the fact that all four girls sing both lead vocals and harmonies and also swap instruments on nearly every song they perform. The band took their name from a New Zealand court case in which a 9-year-old girl was made a ward of the court so she could change her given name of Talula Does the Hula From Hawaii.
In 2011, Michael Winder moved to England and the band decided to call it a day under the Talulah moniker. The remaining four members went on to form a new group, September Girls in September 2011.

## Releases

The band released their first single in June 2009, a double A-side with the tracks "Bad Boyfriend" and "Those Girls." Jim Carroll of the Irish Times reviewed the single, saying it had "Sugar-sweet harmonies", "Swinging, gum-chewing, swaggering suaveness to knock your pop socks off" and "Sunny-side-up melodies ripped, recycled and respun from beneath the armpits of giants such as The Shangri Las and The Ramones". The single was chosen as "Single of the Fortnight" by Hot Press Magazine and the video for "Bad Boyfriend" was nominated in the "Best Newcomer" category at the Irish Music TV Video Awards in November 2009.
The band's second single, another double A-side with the tracks "Don't Panic", "Real Friends" and a remix of "Bad Boyfriend", was released on 7 May 2010. The video for "Don't Panic" was nominated in the "Best Styled Video" category at the Irish Music TV Video Awards in November 2010, where the band also performed live.
In 2010 the band had music on and appeared on several Irish Television programs. In February 2010 they performed a cover of "Da Doo Ron Ron" on the RTÉ Two program, Podge and Rodge and they also had recurring live performances on RTÉ Two program, The Rumour Room. In September 2010 they performed "Don't Panic" on long-running Irish chat program, "The Late Late Show". In October 2010 their song "Those Girls" was selected as the theme tune for the RTÉ program, "Fade Street".
The band released their third double A-side single with the tracks "They Say" and "Tomorrow's Yours" on 14 July 2011.
# Helen Morales

Dr Helen Morales is a classicist and the second Argyropoulos Chair in Hellenic Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara. She is best known for her scholarship on the ancient novel, gender and sexuality, and Greek mythology, as well for her public writing and lectures.

## Publications

Dr Morales is Editor of the classics journal Ramus and on the editorial board of the journal Eidolon.
She has been quoted in articles about classics in The New York Times and The New Yorker.
Her published books and volumes include:
* Intratextuality: Greek and Roman Textual Relations, edited with Alison Sharrock (2001, Oxford University Press)
* Vision and Narrative in Achilles Tatius' Leucippe and Clitophon (2005, Cambridge University Press)
* Greek Mythology: A Very Short Introduction (2007, Oxford University Press)
* Petronius, Satyricon, edited with introduction and notes, (2011, Penguin Classics)
* Greek Fiction, commissioned new translations, edited, with introduction and notes, (2011, Penguin Classics)
* Pilgrimage to Dollywood (2014, University of Chicago Press)
* New Essays on Homer: Language, Violence, and Agency, co-edited with Sara Lindheim (2015, Cambridge University Press)
* Antigone Rising: The Subversive Power of the Ancient Myths (2020, Bold Type Books)

## Academic career

Morales received her undergraduate degree from New Hall, Cambridge and her doctorate from Newnham College, Cambridge. While at the University of Cambridge, she was taught by Mary Beard (classicist).
She held academic positions at the University of Reading and Arizona State University before returning to Cambridge as a faculty member in 2001. She succeeded Apostolos Athanassakis as Argyropoulos Chair at UCSB in 2012.
In 1998–1999 she was a Fellow at the Center for Hellenic Studies in Washington DC, and in 2011 was the Gail A. Burnett Lecturer at San Diego State University.

## Early life and family

Morales grew up on the south coast of England, to a mother from Yorkshire and a father from Cyprus. She was born in Eastbourne and attended schools in Eastbourne and Brighton.
Her maternal aunt was the British theatre director Annie Castledine.
# Thomy Lafon

Thomy Lafon (December 28, 1810 – December 22, 1893) was a Creole of color teacher, businessman, and philanthropist in New Orleans.

## Biography

He was born free on December 28, 1810, to a mixed-race, francophone family. His mother, Modeste Foucher, was a mistress of Barthelemy Lafon, though Thomy's father was Pierre Larande.
He started out selling cakes to workers, opened a small store, was a school teacher for a time, and became successful at money lending and real estate investment. He was an opponent of slavery and supported racial integration in schools.
He is mostly known for his large donations to the Institute Catholique, the Louisiana Association for the Benefit of Colored Orphans, and other charities for both blacks and whites. In his will, he left funds to local charities and to the Charity Hospital, Lafon Old Folks Home, Straight University, and the Sisters of the Holy Family, an order of African-American nuns founded in New Orleans. Lafon also supported the Tribune, the first black-owned newspaper in the South after the American Civil War.
The Thomy Lafon school was called "the best Negro schoolhouse in Louisiana," but it was burned down by a white mob during the New Orleans Robert Charles riots of 1900.
Lafon never married, and died on December 22, 1893. He is interred at the Saint Louis Cemetery No. 3.
# Talant Mamytov

Talant Turdumamatovich Mamytov (lKyrgyz: Талант Турдумаматович Мамытов; born 14 March 1976) is a Kyrgyz politician who served as acting President of Kyrgyzstan from 2020 to 2021. He is a member of the Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan and a deputy from the Republic-Ata Zhurt faction. He was elected speaker of the council on 4 November 2020 after the resignation of interim President Sadyr Japarov. Due to the vacancy of the Presidency, the speaker of the council became head of state of Kyrgyzstan.
# Prunetin

Prunetin is an O-methylated isoflavone, a type of flavonoid. It has been isolated for the first time by Finnemore in 1910 in the bark of Prunus emarginata (the Oregon cherry). Prunetin isolated from pea roots can act as an attractant for Aphanomyces euteiches zoospores. It is also an allosteric inhibitor of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase.
Prunetin can lower blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats and relax isolated rat aortic rings through calcium channel block mechanisms in vessel smooth muscles.

## Glycosides

* 8-C-glucosyl prunetin, isolated from the leaves of Dalbergia hainanensis
# Sirens (Nine Black Alps album)

Sirens is the fourth studio album by English alternative rock band Nine Black Alps, released on 8 October 2012 on Brew Records. The album is the first to feature bassist Karl Astbury, following the departure of Martin Cohen in 2011.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 70/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Drowned in Sound | 6/10 |
| The Line of Best Fit | 5.5/10 |
Sirens was released to mixed reviews, with Drowned in Sound stating, "It's [the] moments, where Nine Black Alps pull away from the grunge-by-numbers template, that feel the most honest, the least posed. But the album as a whole is still so in thrall to past masters that at times it almost feels like a museum exhibit, a TV reconstruction of a real-life drama." The Line of Best Fit also gave the album a mixed review stating, "Their music is always going to struggle in a music scene where exploration and innovation are everything. Sadly, Sirens is yet more proof that they are still resisting the urge to invent. If this album achieves one thing, it proves in fleeting moments that the band do have a dark side."

## Track listing

* "Be My Girl"
* "Don't Forget to Breathe"
* "My One and Only"
* "Phosphorescence"
* "Living in a Dream"
* "Waiting Room"
* "Hand Me Down"
* "Penny Cinderella"
* "Away from Me"
* "Find It My Own Way"
* "What You Wanted"
* "Another World"
* "Playing Your Song" (Japan Bonus Track)

## Personnel
### Nine Black Alps

* Sam Forrest - vocals, guitar
* David Jones - guitar
* James Galley - drums
* Karl Astbury - bass guitar

### Additional musicians

* Jim Lee Martin - additional vocals (track 2)

### Recording personnel

* Nine Black Alps - producer, engineering, mixing
* Ed Woods - mastering

### Artwork

* Matt Davies - artwork
* Andy Gaines - photography
# Arsène Lupin (1932 film)

Arsène Lupin is a 1932 American pre-Code mystery film directed by Jack Conway and starring John Barrymore and Lionel Barrymore. It was produced and distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The film is based on a popular 1909 play by Maurice Leblanc and Francis de Croisset. Leblanc created the character Arsène Lupin, a charming, brilliant gentleman thief (in his case, actually a noble thief) in 1905. Lupin preys on rich villains.

## Plot

A famous gentleman thief and his would-be nemesis, Detective Guerchard, are engaged in a battle of wits. The battle culminates in the theft and recovery of the Mona Lisa and Lupin's escape—with Guerchard's help—along with the beautiful woman thief the detective sent to trap him.

## Cast

* John Barrymore as the Duke of Charmerace
* Lionel Barrymore as Detective Guerchard
* Karen Morley as Sonia
* John Miljan as Prefect of Police
* Tully Marshall as Gourney-Martin
* Henry Armetta as Sheriff's man
* George Davis as Sheriff's man
* John Davidson as Butler
* James Mack as Laurent
* Mary Jane Irving as Marie
* Olaf Hytten as Party Guest (uncredited)
* Leo White as Jeweler (uncredited)

## Box office

The film grossed a total (domestic and foreign) of $1,110,000 (equivalent to $24,800,000 in 2023): $595,000 from the US and Canada and $515,000 elsewhere. It made a profit of $245,000.
# Film Fandango

Film Fandango is a weekly film discussion podcast hosted by comedians David Reed and Marek Larwood.
In its initial incarnation (October 2011 – January 2013), the podcast was hosted by Danielle Ward alongside David Reed and was distributed by Absolute Radio. Each week a guest presenter joined the hosts to discuss a new or upcoming cinema release as well as a film of his or her choosing. In October 2012, Larwood replaced Ward as host.
No longer affiliated with Absolute Radio, the show continues in a similar weekly format albeit with fewer guest presenters.

## Episodes

A list of early episodes of Film Fandango is available on the podcast's iTunes page.
* Episode 1 - Isy Suttie on Three Musketeers 3D & Crimes and Misdemeanors
* Episode 2 - Matthew Crosby on The Ides of March & Caddy Shack
* Episode 3 - David Armand on Reel Steel & The Jerk
* Episode 4 - Colin Hoult on Tintin & Wilbur Wants to Kill Himself
* Episode 5 - Jessica Ransom on In Time & Bugsy Malone
* Episode 6 - Thom Tuck on The Rum Diary & Ring
* Episode 7 - John-Luke Roberts on Trespass & Brazil
* Episode 8 - Jon Holmes on Twilight: Breaking Dawn part 1 & Cannibal Apocalypse
* Episode 9 - Marek Larwood on Hugo & Young Sherlock Holmes
* Episode 10 - Humphrey Ker on The British Independent Film Awards & A Bridge Too Far
* Episode 11 - Dan Tetsell on Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol & Münchhausen
* Episode 12 - Christmas Special on Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows & Films on TV over Christmas.
* Episode 13 - Thom Tuck on Films between Christmas and New Year.
* Episode 14 - Marek Larwood on the Best Films of 2011 and What to look out for in 2012.
* Episode 15 - Nadia Kamil on War Horse & Labyrinth
* Episode 16 - Tom Parry on Shame & The Untouchables
* Episode 17 - Matt Forde on Haywire & Dead Man's Shoes
* Episode 18 - Tiffany Stevenson on Man on a Ledge & Se7en
* Episode 19 - Ruth Bratt on The Woman In Black & The Artist
* Episode 20 - Richard Sandling on The Muppets & Sullivan's Travels
* Episode 21 - Rob Deering on Rampart & Mission: Impossible
* Episode 22 - Jim Bob on Contraband & Marathon Man
* Episode 23 - Dan Maier on Cleanskin & Fearless
* Episode 24 - Tiernan Douieb on John Carter & The Descent
* Episode 25 - Scroobius Pip on 21 Jump Street & Buffalo 66
* Episode 26 - Michael Legge on The Hunger Games & Belleville Rendez-Vous
* Episode 27 - Ben Clark on The Pirates! In an Adventure with Scientists & Oldboy
* Episode 28 - Humphrey Ker & Thom Tuck on Wrath of the Titans & How to Train Your Dragon
* Episode 29 - Bridget Christie on The Cabin in the Woods & The Changeling
# The Burning Times

The Burning Times is a 1990 Canadian documentary, presenting a feminist account of the Early Modern European witchcraft trials. It was directed by Donna Read and written by Erna Buffie, and features interviews with feminist and Neopagan notables, such as Starhawk, Margot Adler, and Matthew Fox. The Burning Times is the second film in the National Film Board of Canada's Women and Spirituality series, following Goddess Remembered (1989) and preceding Full Circle (1993).
The opening and closing theme music, composed by Loreena McKennitt, was released as the track titled "Tango to Evora" on her 1991 album The Visit.

## Criticism
### Numbers of women killed

In the film, Thea Jensen calls this period in history a "Women's Holocaust". She notes that a total number of victims is unknown but that the high number often given is nine million deaths, over a period of 300 or more years. Otherwise, scholarly "high" estimates range around 100,000, with estimates around 60,000 more common. The nine million figure, according to modern scholarship, originates with a 1784 article by Gottfried Christian Voigt, in which he estimates the figure of 9,442,994 executions between AD 600 and 1700 - a period of 1,100 years - unsupported by any evidence.

### Criticisms of the Catholic Church

According to William Donohue and Robert Eady of the Catholic Civil Rights League, the movie is inaccurate in other respects, e.g., placing Trier in France instead of Germany, and dating a stone cross there that is recorded to have been erected in 958 AD to 1132 AD without further explanation. The cross is shown as a "symbol of a new religious cult that was sweeping across Europe," despite Christian presence since 286. Eady, a member of the League in Canada, has cited the film in a complaint to broadcast regulators, in particular mentioning offense at the movie's quote: "it took the Church two hundred years of terror and death to transform the image of paganism into devil worship, and folk culture into heresy." Eady describes the documentary as propaganda intended to represent the Christian Church as "a wicked, patriarchal, misogynist institution". Jack Kapica adds "Women have genuine grievances with the Church. The Burning Times, however, is not going to help their cause."