OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# David Botwinik

David Botwinik (Yiddish: דוד באָטװיניק; 12 December 1920 – 9 February 2022) was a Lithuanian-born Canadian composer of Yiddish music and music teacher.
Born in Vilna, Central Lithuania, he began his studies at the Yiddish music conservatory in Vilna at around age 13. Shortly before, he studied at the Conservatory of Music Santa Cecilia, Rome. In 1956, he emigrated to Montreal, Canada where he worked as a music teacher and as a choir director of Jewish Peretz School and United Talmud Torahs. For a short time, he published the collection of songs Der nayer dor (The New Generation) and the satirical newspaper Der shmayser (The Spanking).
In 2010, his book From Holocaust To Life (Yiddish: פֿון חורבן צום לעבן, Fun khurbn tsum lebn) was published by the League for Yiddish (New York). This book contains 56 original compositions, including Yiddish Holocaust songs, children's songs and choral compositions, with lyrics by various poets and some by Botwinik himself. In 2017, a CD containing 15 songs was published under the title From Holocaust to Life, Yiddish Art Songs. The CD features internationally acclaimed singers Lisa Willson, John Packard, Ian DeNolfo and Louis Danto. His son, Alexander, a Yiddish language lecturer at the University of Pennsylvania, is producing a second CD of his music including songs from children and adults.
Botwinik died in Montreal on 9 February 2022, at the age of 101.
# Herman Chernoff

Herman Chernoff (born July 1, 1923) is an American applied mathematician, statistician and physicist. He was formerly a professor at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Stanford, and MIT, currently emeritus at Harvard University.

## Early life and education

Herman Chernoff's parents were Pauline and Max Chernoff, Jewish immigrants from the Russian Empire. He studied at Townsend Harris High School and earned a B.S. in mathematics from the City College of New York in 1943. He attended graduate school at Brown University, earning an M.Sc. in applied mathematics in 1945, and a Ph.D. in applied mathematics in 1948 under the supervision of Abraham Wald.

## Recognition

Chernoff became a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1974, and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1980. In 1987, he was selected for the Wilks Memorial Award by the American Statistical Association, and in 2012, he was made an inaugural fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

## Personal life

Herman Chernoff's met his future wife, Judith, when they were both graduate students at Brown University in 1945, and married her in 1947. She died at the age of 98 on June 9, 2023. At the time of her death they were believed to be the oldest couple living in Massachusetts.
Chernoff turned 100 on July 1, 2023.
# Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Lympstone

The Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is the parish church of Lympstone in Devon, England. It is a Grade II* listed building.

## History

There has been a church on the site since at least 1329. It was largely rebuilt from 1864 to 1867.
# Chicago 1930

Chicago 1930 (also known as Chicago 1930: The Prohibition) is a 2003 video game developed by Spellbound Entertainment.
The game is based in the American city of Chicago in the 1930s, an era heavily associated with gangsters. The RPG style game allows players to choose to be the mafia, headed by Don Carmine Falcone, or a special unit of the police, headed by Edward Nash.

## Gameplay

Players can choose their side: either lead a mafia team or a special police unit, each consisting of five specialized characters. The game features RPG elements, including various character skills such as shooting, melee combat, and charisma. During battles, players can use slow-motion mode and realistic AI-driven opponents to achieve their objectives.

## Plot

The game is set in a conflict between the mafia and a special police task force in Chicago.
# Hypertext Editing System

The Hypertext Editing System, or HES, was an early hypertext research project conducted at Brown University in 1967 by Andries van Dam, Ted Nelson, and several Brown students. It was the first hypertext system available on commercial equipment that novices could use.
HES organized data into two main types: links and branching text. The branching text could automatically be arranged into menus, and a point within a given area could also have an assigned name, called a label, and be accessed later by that name from the screen. Although HES pioneered many modern hypertext concepts, its emphasis was on text formatting and printing.
HES required an IBM 2250 display console and a large memory partition on Brown's IBM System/360 Model 50 campus mainframe computer which limited its use: "Although it was shared with others, it was a multi-million-dollar piece of technology housed in a large machine room that van Dam’s team was able to use as essentially a personal computer between midnight and 4 AM." The program was used by NASA's Houston Manned Spacecraft Center for documentation on the Apollo space program. The project's research was funded by IBM but the program was stopped around 1969, and replaced by the FRESS (File Retrieval and Editing System) project.
Ted Nelson claims credit for inventing the “back” button (“undo”) with regard to hypertext, as the Hypertext Editing System was the first system that contained one.
The HES editor was followed by another editing system called the File Retrieval and Editing System (FRESS).
# 2013 Northern Ireland Youth Soccer Tournament

The 2013 Northern Ireland Milk Cup was the thirty-first edition of the international football tournament which takes place annually in the north coast of Northern Ireland, and attracts competitors from across the globe. There are three sections to the tournament, the Elite Section (U19), the Premier Section (U17) and the Junior Section (U15). The 2013 U-19 edition was won by Mexico.
* This article about a Northern Irish association football competition is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Paul Makler Sr.

Paul Todd Makler Sr. (October 22, 1920 – May 12, 2022) was an American Olympic foil and épée fencer.

## Early and personal life

Makler was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was Jewish. He attended the University of Pennsylvania, fencing for the University of Pennsylvania Quakers, and University of Pennsylvania Medical School, graduating in 1964, became a physician, and practiced internal medicine for many years. His sons Paul Makler Jr. and Brooke Makler fenced at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics, respectively.
Makler died in Los Altos, California on May 12, 2022, at the age of 101.

## Fencing career

Makler competed in the individual and team épée events at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. He won a silver medal in the team foil event at the 1955 Pan American Games. Makler competed for Salle Csiszar, winning an Amateur Fencers League of America (AFLA) national team épée title with the club in 1956. Makler was President of the American Fencing Association in 1962.
# Harold Simon

Harold Simon (24 April 1920 – 28 February 2022), nicknamed Smoky Simon, was a South African pilot who helped in the creation of the Israeli Air Force.

## Biography

Born in the Orange Free State, South Africa, to a father from Lithuania, then part of Kovno Governorate, Vilna Governorate and Suwałki Governorate, Russia, and a mother from England, he grew up in South Africa. He studied accounting and commerce at the University of Witwatersrand and volunteered in 1941 to join the South African Air Force, serving as a navigator and bombardier.
He returned to Johannesburg after the war, worked as an accountant and married Myra Weinberg. Three weeks after their wedding, in May 1948, they moved to Israel to assist with the War of Independence and both joined the Israeli Air Force. Simon was recruited to be a navigator and bombardier. In June 1948 he became the IAF’s chief of operations and participated in 24 reconnaissance and bombing missions. He stayed in Israel after the war and was discharged from the IAF in 1950 as a major.
In 1962 Simon started the Simon and Wiesel Insurance Agency which specialized in life insurance. He sold the portfolios to Migdal insurance agency in 2000. He was Chairman of World Machal since 1968 and was a founding member of the Menachem Begin Heritage Foundation in Jerusalem. He received the TELFED 2014 Lifetime Achievement Award for his service to Israel. His involvement in the founding of the State of Israel was featured in the movie Above and Beyond. In 2019, he was awarded the Sylvan Adams Bonei Zion Prize, which honors English-speaking immigrants to Israel who have made significant societal contributions.
Simon died on 28 February 2022, at the age of 101.
# Robert E. Simon

Robert Edward Simon, Jr. (April 10, 1914 – September 21, 2015) was an American real estate entrepreneur, most known for founding the community of Reston, Virginia. He was the maternal uncle of feminist historian and writer Elizabeth Fox-Genovese.

## Early life

Simon was born in New York City in 1914, the son of Robert Sr. and Elsa Weil Simon, immigrants from Germany. He was raised in Manhattan along with his four siblings. He was of Jewish descent.

## Career
### Reston

After graduating from Harvard University, Simon took over the family real estate management and development business. In 1961, with the proceeds from the sale of a family property, Carnegie Hall, Simon purchased 6,750 acres (27 km$^2$) of land in Fairfax County, Virginia and hired Conklin + Rossant to develop a master plan for the new town of Reston, Virginia, a planned community well known on the national level. (The town's name was derived from Simon's initials and the word "town".) Simon's new town concept emphasized quality of life for the individual and provided a community where people could live, work, and play without driving long distances.
Simon returned to live in an apartment near Lake Anne in Reston in 1993 and helped celebrate Reston's 40th birthday in 2004. In that same year a bronze statue of Simon was placed on a park bench in Washington Plaza on Lake Anne, the original heart of the community he built.
A collection of Simon's donated materials is housed at the Specials Collections Research Center at the George Mason University Libraries.

## Personal life

Simon married four times. He was married to author and environmentalist Anne Wertheim Langman, daughter of Maurice Wertheim, and granddaughter of Henry Morgenthau Sr.
He died in Reston, Virginia in September 2015 at the age of 101. He was survived by his fourth wife (married 2004), Cheryl Terio-Simon; a daughter, Margo Prescott-Morris her 2 children (Robert's grandchildren) Christine Doolin, Noah Prescott along with great-grandchildren Sara Collier, Austin Ingram, Ashton Prescott and 8 great-great grandchildren. Also his six stepchildren, Karen Terio, Betsy Langman Schulberg (married and divorced from Budd Schulberg), Deborah Langman Lesser, Lucinda Zilk, Tom Langman, and Adam Terio.
# Ljerko Spiller

Ljerko Spiller (22 July 1908 – 9 November 2008) was a Croat and Argentine violinist.

## Early life and education

Spiller was born in Crikvenica to a Croatian Jewish family. After World War I Spiller moved with his family to Zagreb, where he studied violin at the Music School of Croatian Music Institute under Vaclav Huml.

## Later life, education and career

As a scholar of the French government, Spiller perfected his knowledge of education at the École Normale de Musique de Paris, starting in 1928 when he began to study under Gaston Poulet, and continued his study under famous Jacques Thibaud. On Thibaud's recommendation Spiller played in freshly based chamber orchestra by Alfred Cortot, along with Zino Francescatti and Maurice Vieux. When Francescatti Spiller replaced him place as a concertmaster. Spiller graduated in 1930 and soon after his graduation he got a job as a lecturer at the Paris École Normale de Musique. He achieved great success in 1935 at Warsaw Henryk Wieniawski Violin Competition, one of the top competitions in the world in general.
On the eve of the World War II, Spiller left Europe to escape, as a Jew, the Nazi persecution. He moved to Buenos Aires where he began his life of a violinist, teacher, conductor and organizer of musical life. Spiller became active in a lengthy list classical groups, organizations and related professions, including: symphony orchestra concertmaster for LRA Radio del Mundo and the Amigos de la Musica; conductor, founder and artistic director of the Conjunto de Cámara; associate professor emeritus at the University of La Plata; and conductor and violinist of festival in Córdoba. He also taught in the discipline in San Carlos de Bariloche, and among his students was the virtuoso and Camerata Bariloche conductor, Alberto Lysy.
Spiller was frequent guest at master classes in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Croatia. He was, for several consecutive years, a lecturer at Altensteig castle near Stuttgart. Spiller achieved many recognitions: the Sirlin Award in 1971 as the best Argentine professor of instruments in the past ten years; OEA and CIDEM honorary diplomas in Washington; two Konex Awards as a teacher for classical music; appointment as a Consejo de Música adviser to the governments of Germany, France, Switzerland and Austria; honorary member of the Association of Musical Artists in 1985 and of the Henryk Wieniawski Violin CompetitionAssociation in Warsaw. On the occasion of the Vaclav Huml sixth international violin competition, Ljerko Spiller received the Order of Danica Hrvatska in February 1997, which was awarded to him by Croatian President Franjo Tuđman.
Spiller frequently performed works of Ivan Mane Jarnović, Franjo Dugan, Milko Kelemen, Krsto Odak, Josip Štolcer-Slavenski, Miroslav Šlik and Miroslav Spiller. Long is a list of Spiller appearances with famous conductors, as well as various soloists with his conducting. Spiller is the author of one of the best violin textbook by which generations of young people study.

## Death

Spiller died on 9 November 2008 in Buenos Aires. He was 100 years old.
# Samuel Steinfeld

Samuel Steinfeld (February 15, 1906 in Louisville, Kentucky – November 22, 2007) was the Chief Justice of the Kentucky Court of Appeals while it was the highest court in the state. He was elected to the court in 1966 and became chief justice in 1972. He retired in 1975.
# Atomic blonde

Atomic blonde may refer to:
* Platinum blonde hair
* Blonde bombshell (stereotype)
* Atomic Blonde, a 2017 spy film starring Charlize Theron
** The Coldest City (2012 comic) comic book the film is based on, referred to also as "Atomic Blonde" after the film tie-in edition
# Chiayi Municipal Museum

The Chiayi Municipal Museum (traditional Chinese: 嘉義市立博物館; simplified Chinese: 嘉义市立博物馆; pinyin: Jiāyì Shìlì Bówùguǎn) is a museum in East District, Chiayi City, Taiwan.

## History

The founding of the museum was a collective community effort in the hope to establish a cultural public space for all of the residents of Chiayi City. Among its displays are silk wrappings used to cover Tibetan Buddhist texts and an Islamic jade collection of the Qing emperors.

## Exhibitions

The museum has the following galleries:
* Geological Hall
* Fossil Hall
* Fine Arts Gallery

## Activities

The museum offers courses and workshops in calligraphy, brush ink painting, paper mache, illustration, ikebana with a Taiwanese touch etc.

## Transportation

The museum is accessible within walking distance west from Beimen Station of the Alishan Forest Railway.
# Margriet Kloppenburg

Margriet Kloppenburg (born 18 January 1988) is a Danish professional racing cyclist who rides for Team BMS BIRN.
# Vayomithram project

Vayomithram Project is an initiative by the Kerala Social Security Mission launched in 2010-11, aimed at providing comprehensive healthcare and support services to senior citizens aged 65 and above. The three main features of this project are mobile clinics, palliative care and help desk for the elderly. This project is aimed at elderly individuals living in municipality/corporation areas in Kerala.

## Activities

* Mobile clinic services: Under the Vayomithram program, mobile clinics staffed by a medical officer, staff nurse and junior public health nurse function provide healthcare assistance and free medicines to the elderly. Dementia is one of the main health conditions covered under this program.
* Palliative care services: Palliative care services are provided for bedridden and terminally ill elderly individuals.
* Other services: Activities such as special medical camps (for eye checkup), entertainment programmes, collaboration with NGOs, counseling services, rehabilitation etc also fall under this program.
# Pherecydes of Athens

Pherecydes of Athens (Ancient Greek: Φερεκύδης) (fl. c. 465 BC) was a Greek mythographer who wrote an ancient work in ten books, now lost, variously titled "Historiai" (Ἱστορίαι) or "Genealogicai" (Γενελογίαι). He is one of the authors (= FGrHist 3) whose fragments were collected in Felix Jacoby's Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker.
He is generally thought to be different from the sixth-century Pre-Socratic philosopher Pherecydes of Syros, who was sometimes mentioned as one of the Seven Sages of Greece and was reputed to have been the teacher of Pythagoras. Although the Suda considers them separately, he is possibly the same person as Pherecydes of Leros.
# Hermann Oelrichs (pilot boat)

The Hermann Oelrichs was a 19th-century Sandy Hook Pilot boat, built in 1894 by Moses Adams at Essex, Massachusetts for a group of New York Pilots. She helped transport New York City maritime pilots between inbound or outbound ships coming into the New York Harbor. The Herman Oelrichs was said to be the fastest of the New York pilot fleet. She was built to replace the pilot boat Hope, that was wrecked in 1890.

## Construction and service

The New York pilot-boat Hermann Oelrichs, No. 1, was built by the Moses Adams shipyard in early 1894 at Essex, Massachusetts, for a group of New York pilots, to replace the pilot boat Hope, that was wrecked in 1890 along the shore of the Sandy Hook Point. The boat number "1" was painted as a large number on her mainsail, that identified her as belonging to the Sandy Hook Pilots.
On April 21, 1894, the New York pilot boat Herman Oelrichs, was towed to Gloucester, Massachusetts for rigging. She left Gloucester on her maiden cruise, on May 12, 1894, to reach the Port of New York on May 25, 1894. She had on board four pilots. She was the fastest of the New York pilot fleet. Her dimensions were 87 ft. length on deck; her masts were 74 ft. and 72 ft. high; and 73-tons burthen. She beat the Boston pilot boat, Hesper, No. 5, on a race leaving Gloucester.
On June 4, 1894, Pilot Speitzer of the new pilot boat Herman Oelrichs, No. 1, brought in the British seamer Furnesia, and reported having seen the yacht Vigilant. On February 21, 1895, Captain Michael Lyons, of the pilot boat Herman Oelrichs, No. 1, boarded the steamship Lucania.
By June 21, 1896, In the age of steam, twenty-four pilot boats had been withdrawn from service leaving five pilot boats kept for emergency service. The five boats that were retained were the Herman Oelrichs, Ambrose Snow, Caldwell H. Colt, Edward F. Williams, and the Alexander M. Lawrence.$^{:p84}$
On June 6, 1897, pilot Nichols Roach, of the Sandy Hook pilot boat Hermann Oelrichs, No. 1, reported that a carrier pigeon flew on board with a tag attached on its leg with the message: "H. V. M., No. 3."
On June 13, 1899, the Herman Oelrichs rescued the crew of the German steamship Macedonia, which was hit and sank by the steamship Hamilton, off Sea Bright, New Jersey.
By April 7, 1901, the pilot boat Herman Oelrichs, was anchored off Stapleton, Staten Island, when five of her men were in a yawl that filled with water. One pilot, John Syceth was drowned.

## End of service

On July 15, 1904, the Hermann Oelrichs, was put up for sale at the Pilot Office in New York City.
On Jun 7, 1910, Herman Oelrichs, owned by Captain Fred B. Rice, and others was sold to Captain A. F. Warren, of Pensacola, Florida. She was added to the fleet of fishing schooners owned by the Warren Fishing Company in Florida.
# Xi Aihua

Xi Aihua (simplified Chinese: 奚爱华; traditional Chinese: 奚愛華; pinyin: Xī ÀiHuá; born 27 January 1982 in Shouguang, Shandong) is a female Chinese rower, who competed for Team China at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

## Major performances

* 2001/2005 National Games – 2nd eights/single sculls;
* 2002 National Championships – 1st double/quadruple sculls;
* 2006/2007 World Cup Poznan/Amsterdam – 2nd/1st quadruple sculls;
* 2006/2007 World Championships – 4th/3rd quadruple sculls
# Richard Murphy

Richard Murphy may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Richard Murphy (screenwriter) (1912–1993), American film and television writer
* Richard Murphy (poet) (1927–2018), Irish poet
* Richard Murphy (architect) (born 1955), Scottish architect

## Politics and law

* Richard L. Murphy (1875–1936), American Senator from Iowa
* Richard W. Murphy (1929–2024), American diplomat
* Dick Murphy (Richard M. Murphy, born 1942), American politician, mayor of San Diego
* Rick Murphy, American politician, Arizona state senator

## Sports

* Dick Murphy (basketball) (1921–1973), American basketball player
* Bos Murphy (Richard Murphy, 1924–2000), New Zealand boxer
* Dick Murphy (baseball) (1931–2020), American baseball player
* Richard Murphy (rower) (1931–2023), American Olympic rower
* Richard Murphy (American football) (born 1986), American football running back

## Others

* Richard Murphy (sea captain) (1838–1916), American sea captain in Gloucester, Massachusetts
* Richard Murphy (marine ecologist) (born 1942), American marine ecologist
* Richard A. Murphy (1944–2022), American neuroscientist
* Richard Murphy (tax campaigner) (born 1958), British campaigner and accountant
* Richard Murphy (police officer) (fl. 1999), American police officer, involved in shooting of Amadou Diallo
# Water polo at the 1955 Mediterranean Games

Water polo was one of several sports at the 1955 Mediterranean Games. The second Mediterranean Games was held in Barcelona, Spain. Only men's teams participated in the water polo tournament.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's Competition | Italy | France | Spain |

## Group matches

| | Team | Points | G | W | D | L | GF | GA | Diff |
| 1. | Italy | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 3 | +9 |
| 2. | France | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 9 | –2 |
| 3. | Spain | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 0 |
| 4. | Egypt | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 12 | –7 |
* July 21, 1955
| Spain | 3 – 4 | France |
* July 22, 1955
| Egypt | 1 – 4 | Italy |
* July 23, 1955
| Italy | 4 – 1 | France |
| Spain | 6 – 2 | Egypt |
* July 24, 1955
| Spain | 1 – 4 | Italy |
| France | 2 – 2 | Egypt |

## Standings

| Rank | Team |
| | Italy |
| | France |
| | Spain |
| 4 | Egypt |