OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Taffy Nivert

Mary Catherine "Taffy" Nivert (born October 25, 1944) is an American songwriter and singer. She is best known for co-writing "Take Me Home, Country Roads", which was popularized by John Denver, and for being a member of the Starland Vocal Band.

## Biography

Mary Catherine Nivert was born 25 October 1944 in Washington, D.C. She received her nickname Taffy from her elder brother who, unable to pronounce her middle name as a young child, would call her Mary Tafferine. Nivert began singing along with the radio in high school. She was discovered by a bartender in Georgetown after he heard her singing to a jukebox. The bartender asked if she wanted to join a vocal group, and through this, she met her future husband Bill Danoff.
Nivert began performing with Danoff as Fat City in the late 1960s. Initially a folk duo, the two later married and recorded four albums, the latter two under the name Bill & Taffy.
In 1970, while traveling along Clopper Road to Nivert's family reunion in Gaithersburg, Maryland, Danoff began writing a song that became "Take Me Home, Country Roads". The couple planned to complete the song and sell it to Johnny Cash. When Fat City opened for John Denver at The Cellar Door in December 1970, they decided to show the not yet completed song to him. Denver, who had injured his thumb in a car crash hours before, arrived at Danoff and Nivert's apartment in the early hours of the morning, where the trio finished the song. The next night, all three performed the completed song, with Nivert holding the lyric sheet, and instead of being offered to Johnny Cash it became a hit song for Denver on RCA Victor in early 1971. It was included on his album Poems, Prayers, and Promises along with "I Guess He'd Rather Be in Colorado," also written by Danoff and Nivert. Danoff and Nivert sang backup on four of the album's tracks.
Danoff and Nivert married in 1972. In 1976, the couple paired with Jon Carroll and Margot Chapman to form the Starland Vocal Band. Signed to John Denver's record label Windsong Records, they were most famous for the hit song "Afternoon Delight". The group released several albums before breaking up in 1981. Danoff and Nivert later divorced.
Until 2011, Nivert lived in the Washington, D. C. area, where she occasionally performed with Danoff and the rest of the Starland Vocal Band. She later settled in Safety Harbor, Florida.

## Discography
### Albums

Fat City
* Reincarnation (ABC, 1969)
* Welcome to Fat City (Paramount, 1971)
John Denver with Bill Danoff - Taffy Nivert
* Victory Is Peace (Tomorrow Entertainment ER-7209-LP, 1972)
Bill & Taffy
* Pass It On (RCA, 1973)
* Aces (RCA, 1974)
Starland Vocal Band
* Five albums; details at SVB page

### Singles

John Denver with Fat City
* "Take Me Home, Country Roads" / "Poems, Prayers And Promises" (RCA, 1971)
Bill & Taffy
* "Pass It On" / "Didn't I Try" (RCA UK, 1973)
* "Maybe" / "How Lucky Can You Be" (RCA Germany, 1974)
* "Maybe" (stereo) / "Maybe" (mono) (RCA promo, 1974)
Starland Vocal Band
* Ten singles; details at SVB page
# PGreen

The pGreen plasmids are vectors for plant transformation. They were first described in 2000 as components of a novel T-DNA binary system. The supporting web page provides supplementary information and ongoing support to researchers to request their plasmid resources. As these plasmids have been taken up by the research community, the plasmids have been developed, expanding the resources available to the community.
Researchers are encouraged to contribute to this research community by submitting their vector sequence to genbank and providing a description of the plasmid on the site.

## pGreenI and pGreenII

pGreen is the original pGreen plasmid. pGreenII features plasmid backbone modification to improve plasmid stability.

## T-DNA regions
### No transformation selection

pGreenII 0000: minimal T-DNA with Left and Right border, lacZ gene for blue/white selection during cloning multiple cloning site derived from pBluescript.
pGreenII 62-SK: derived from pGreenII 0000, the LacZ blue/white cloning selection has been replaced with a 35S-MCS-CaMV cassette that allows the insertion of a gene of interest into a 35S over-expression cassette. The multiple cloning site (MCS) is derived from pBluescript.

### Kanamycin selection

pGreenII 0029: derived from pGreenII 0000, a nos-kan cassette has been inserted into the HpaI site of the Left Border, providing resistance to kanamycin during plant transformation selection.
pGreenII 0029 62-SK: derived from pGreenII 0029, the LacZ blue/white cloning selection has been replaced with a 35S-MCS-CaMV cassette that allows the insertion of a gene of interest into a 35S over-expression cassette. The MCS is derived from pBluescript.

### Hygromycin selection

pGreenII 0179: derived from pGreenII 0000, a 35S-hyg cassette has been inserted into the HpaI site of the Left Border, providing resistance to hygromycin during plant transformation selection.

### Bialaphos selection

pGreenII 0229: derived from pGreenII 0000, a nos-bar cassette has been inserted into the HpaI site of the Left Border, providing resistance to bialaphos or phosphinothricin during plant transformation selection.
pGreenII 0229 62-SK: derived from pGreenII 0229, the LacZ blue/white cloning selection has been replaced with a 35S-MCS-CaMV cassette that allows the insertion of a gene of interest into a 35S over-expression cassette. The MCS is derived from pBluescript.

## pSoup

This is the helper plasmid that provides the replicase function for the pSa replication origin of pGreen. pSoup is tetracyclin resistant and a complementary incompatibility group such that it can co-exist with pGreen in the Agrobacterium cell.
pSoup: the original help plasmid for pGreen. pGreen will not replicate in Agrobacterium if it is not present.
# Fando y Lis

Fando y Lis is a 1968 Mexican surrealist film directed by Alejandro Jodorowsky in his feature length directorial debut. It is an adaptation of a 1962 play of the same name by Fernando Arrabal, who was working with Jodorowsky on performance art at the time. The film was shot in high-contrast black-and-white on the weekends with a small budget and was first shown at the Acapulco Film Festival in 1968. Fando y Lis stars Sergio Kleiner and Diana Mariscal as the titular pair who embark on a surreal quest in search of Tar, a mythical heaven-like place.

## Plot

The film follows Fando (Klainer) and his paraplegic girlfriend Lis (Mariscal) through a barren, postapocalyptic wasteland in search of the mythical city of Tar, a place where one will know the true nature of eternity, and reach enlightenment. On their journey they see many odd and profoundly disturbing characters and events.
The narrative of the film leaves a lot to the audience's interpretation, as the avant-garde and surreal nature in which the events of the film are presented mimic the workings of the subconscious.

## Cast

* Sergio Klainer as Fando
* Diana Mariscal as Lis
* Juan José Arreola as Well-Dressed Man with Book
* Alejandro Jodorowsky as Puppeteer

## Release

Fando y Lis premiered at the 1968 Acapulco Film Festival. A full-scale riot subsequently broke out, leading to the film being banned in Mexico. Fando y Lis was shown in New York's 5th Avenue Cinema where it was dubbed, re-edited and cut by 13 minutes. It was shown in London in February 1971, re-titled as Tar Babies, running 98 minutes. It was not released in Mexico until July 1972.
Fando y Lis received a 4K digital restoration by ABKCO in 2020. ABKCO partnered with Alamo Drafthouse to release it on their streaming platform that year and released the film on Blu-ray and DVD in 2021.

## Reception

Fando y Lis was released in New York City to generally negative reviews, with many critics comparing it unfavorably to Fellini Satyricon, which had recently opened. It was also criticized for its shock value, while acknowledging its role in surrealist media.

## In other media

An audio clip of dialogue from the film is featured in Agalloch's album The Mantle, at the end of the track "The Hawthorne Passage."
# The Kid (1999 film)

The Kid (1999) is a Hong Kong movie starring Leslie Cheung. It also co-stars Yip Tuen Nam, Ti Lung, and Carrie Ng.

## Synopsis

This drama highlights the social problems of single parents struggling to raise children. Leslie Cheung plays the role of a retired fund-manager, Wing who lost his entire fortune in a financial mishap and was severely depressed until he discovered an abandoned baby boy in his yacht which he has not sold off at that time. He sought to raise the baby as his own son, encountering many happy moments even though he was not financially sound. His happiness is cruelly cut short a few years later as the now toddler's real mother returns and wishes to raise her own son again, while he attempts to prevent this as he loved his adopted son very much. The final touching scene depicts the inevitable as his beloved adopted son followed his mother into her luxury car while Wing fought back tears despite him voluntarily relenting into allowing the child to leave.

## Cast and roles

* Leslie Cheung – Wing
* Carrie Ng
* Ti Lung – Sir Lung
* Qi Qi – Maise
* Amanda Lee
* Echo Shen
# Jig-A-Loo

Jig-A-Loo is a lubricant and water-repellent spray manufactured by Jig-A-Loo, Inc. The manufacturer states that it contains no oil, grease, wax, petroleum distillates or detergent and that it doesn't stain or smell after application. It is indicated for use on wood, metal, glass, rubber, leather, fabrics and most plastics. It has been used in the commercial and industrial sectors in Canada since 1958, and was launched in 1998 to the Canadian mass retail market, and globally in 2007.

## Chemical content

Jig-A-Loo is primarily composed of heptane. It also contains methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, isobutane, and propane.

## Uses

Some uses recommended from the manufacturer:
* Lubricating door hinges, beds and shower curtains to eliminate squeaks
* Loosening rusty nuts and screws
* Preventing rust on gardening tools, aluminum window frames and plumbing materials
* Lubricating candle holders prior to burning to make wax removal easier
* Preventing moving parts from freezing
* Shining and protecting mag wheels and rubber seals
* Cleaning and protecting leather goods
* Repelling water on tent, shoes, boots, backpacks and jackets
* Lubricating Rubik's cubes and other twisting puzzles
* Cleaning burnt oil from exhaust pipes on motorcycles
* Cleans and protects cables and connectors

## Environmental control

As of Dec 31, 2010, the use of perchloroethylene and methylene chloride in multi-purpose lubricants such as Jig-A-Loo has been banned in the State of California, and the sale of its remaining inventory was banned effective December 31, 2013.
# Wilkowice, Tarnowskie Góry County

Wilkowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zbrosławice, within Tarnowskie Góry County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north of Zbrosławice, 9 km (6 mi) west of Tarnowskie Góry, and 28 km (17 mi) north-west of the regional capital Katowice.
# Aera! Aera! Aera!

Aera! Aera! Aera! (Greek: Αέρα! Αέρα! Αέρα!; En. Hero Bunker) is a 1972 Greek feature film directed by Kostas Andritsos, starring Yannis Voglis and Xenia Kalogeropoulou. The plot concerns the opening phase of the Greco-Italian War in October/November 1940, with the protagonists caught up in the Italian invasion of Greece from Albania. The film belongs to a series of "patriotic" films shot during the Greek military junta of 1967–74. Its title derives from the popular Greek war cry of the time, "Aera!".

## Cast

* Giannis Voglis as Petros
* Christos Negas as Alexis
* Giannis Gionakis as Stratos
* Petros Fyssoun as Symeon
* Thanasis Mylonas as Notis
* Dimitris Bislanis as Stathis Giokas
# Abu'l-Khayr al-Ishbili

Abu ʾl-Khayr al-Ishbīlī (fl. 11th century), called al-Shajjār ('the arboriculturist'), was an Andalusī agronomist and the author of two Arabic works on agriculture and botany. Little is known of his life. He was born in Seville and lived during the reign of the Emir al-Muʿtamid (1069–1091), in whose gardens he probably worked. He was a student of Ibn Baṣṣāl and Ibn al-Lūnquh.
The two works attributed to Abu ʾl-Khayr are:
* Kitāb al-filāḥa ("Book of Husbandry"), a treatise on agriculture. It is found in at least three manuscripts in Paris, Rabat and Tetuan. In addition, the Arabic text has been published, as have partial French and complete Spanish translations.
* Umdat al-ṭabīb fī ma‘rifat al-nabāt li-kull labīb ("The Physician's Reliance in the Knowledge of Plants for Every Man of Understanding"), an encyclopedia of botanical knowledge. This work is anonymous and traditionally ascribed to the "Anonymous Botanist of Seville", but arguments that it is the work of Abu ʾl-Khayr have been accepted by its most recent editors (2004).
# Indian Powerplus

The Indian Powerplus is a motorcycle that was built from 1916 to 1924 by the Hendee Manufacturing Company. Designed by Charles Gustafson, the Powerplus's engine was Indian's first flathead.

## Origin

Charles Gustafson left Reading Standard in 1909 and joined Indian as Oscar Hedstrom's assistant. Gustafson had designed side valve "flathead" engines for Reading Standard, which had been the first motorcycle manufacturer in the United States to use a flathead engine in a production motorcycle. When Hedstrom left Indian in 1913, Gustafson became Indian's chief engineer.
In late 1915, Indian introduced Gustafson's replacement for Hedstrom's 61-cubic-inch (1,000 cc) V-twin engine. The new engine used side valves instead of the inlet-over-exhaust (IOE) valve layout used in Hedstrom's designs. The flathead engine was quieter and less expensive to manufacture than the earlier IOE engine and needed less maintenance. It was named "Powerplus" because its output of approximately 16 horsepower (12 kW) was noticeably greater than that of the earlier engine.
The new engine was installed in the existing frames for Indian V-twin motorcycles, and used existing drivetrain components, tanks, handlebars, and other components. The drive train included a clutch, a kickstarter, and a three-speed gearbox.
The standard frame for the Powerplus had a conventional rigid rear wheel mounting, but the Powerplus was also available with Indian's Cradle Spring Frame. Introduced in 1913, the Cradle Spring Frame had a rear swingarm linked to trailing leaf springs.

## Controls

The Powerplus had twist grips on both handles; the throttle was controlled by the left twist grip while the right twist grip advanced or retarded the spark. Three controls were on the right side of the gas tank, a vertically operated shifter, an exhaust valve lifter, and a hand clutch lever. The clutch lever was linked to the clutch pedal positioned on the left side of the bike.

## Promotion and development

Between 24 and 28 August 1915, Erwin "Cannonball" Baker rode an early Indian Powerplus from Vancouver to Tijuana in 3 days, 9 hours and 15 minutes, establishing a new "Three Flags" record.
The Powerplus engine was revised in 1917 with the barrels and pistons lengthened by a quarter of an inch and the piston wrist pin relocated below the piston center. This was done to reduce the occurrence of piston slap. The valve caps in the cylinder head were finned from 1917 until the end of production.
A larger engine, with a displacement of approximately 72 cubic inches (1,180 cc), became available in 1920.

## End of production

Production of the larger Powerplus engine ended in 1922, the year in which production of the Powerplus's eventual successor, the Chief, began production. The Powerplus was renamed the "Standard" in 1922, reflecting the fact that it was not as powerful as the Chief.
The Standard was discontinued in 1923, and the Cradle Spring Frame was discontinued with it. Indian would not offer rear suspension on a production motorcycle again until 1940, when the Chief and the Four would be given plunger suspension.
# The Kids (film)

The Kids (Chinese: 小孩) is a 2015 Taiwanese drama film written and directed by Sunny Yu. It stars Wu Chien-ho and Wen Chen-ling as teenage parents who must find a way to provide for their baby.

## Plot

Sixteen-year-old Bao-li falls in love with older student Jia-jia. After they begin dating, Jia-jia becomes pregnant and gives birth to a child for whom they can not afford to provide. Though they at first are able to survive with the help of friends and family, Bao-li turns to robbery when his mother gambles away their savings.

## Cast

* Wu Chien-ho as Bao-li
* Wen Chen-ling as Jia-jia
* Yang Chi as Bao-li's mother
* Bi Zhi Gang as Uncle Liu
* Shirley Chien as Aunty Liu
* Kao Meng Chieh
* May Hong as A-qin
* Lawrence Ko as Zhe-wei
* Yang Jing as Zhang-qing
* Roger Huang as Jia-jia's father

## Production

The film was based on true events. Writer-director Sunny Yu says that she made to film to understand how a young father could be pressured into robbing people to support his family.

## Release

The international premiere was at the Tokyo International Film Festival, where it competed in the Asian Future competition.

## Reception

Richard Kuipers of Variety called it "an engaging and convincing drama" with good acting, directing, and scoring.
Awards :
| Organization | Award | Awardee | Result |
| Golden Bell Awards | Best Miniseries or Television Film | | Nominated |
| Golden Bell Awards | Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film | Wen Chen Ling | Nominated |
| Golden Bell Awards | Best Directing for a Mini-series/TV movie | Sunny Yu | Nominated |
| Golden Bell Awards | Best Writing for a Mini-series/TV movie | Sunny Yu | Nominated |
| Hawaii International Film Festival | NETPAC Award | Sunny Yu | Won |
# Tyrawa Wołoska

Tyrawa Wołoska is a village in East Małopolska in the Lesser Beskid mountains of Poland.
The community is about 40 miles (64 km) from Rzeszów, in south-eastern Poland. It is situated below the main watershed, at the foot of the Słonne Mountain, and has an elevation of 340 meters (1,120 ft). It lies in a wooded, hilly area on the Nr. DK28 highway that goes from Przemyśl to Sanok. It belongs to the Subcarpathian Voivodship (since 1999), previously the Krosno Voivodship (1975-1998) and is part of the Sanok County (10 miles (16 km) east of Sanok); its parish: Tyrawa Woloska.

## Origins

Settled in prehistoric times, the south-eastern Poland region that is now Podkarpacie was overrun in pre-Roman times by various tribes, including the Celts, Goths and Vandals (the Przeworsk and Puchov cultures). After the fall of the Roman Empire, of which most of south-eastern Poland was part of (all territories below the San), the area was invaded by Hungarians and Slavs.
The region subsequently became part of the Great Moravian state. Upon the invasion of the Hungarian tribes into the heart of the Great Moravia around 899, the Lendians of the area declared their allegiance to Hungary. The region then became a site of contention between Poland, Rus and Hungary.
This area was mentioned for the first time in 981, when Volodymyr the Great of Kievan Rus took it over on his way into Poland. In 1018 it returned to Poland, in 1031 back to Rus, and in 1340 Casimir III of Poland recovered it.
The village "Tyravia" was first mentioned in 1402. The etymology is doubtful. It was founded on the principles of the "Wallachian Rights" whereas its ownership was passed over to the knights and family of Vogt Peter (Petrus) the Czech.

## Varied rulers

From 1340 to 1772 Tyrawa was part of Poland (Ruthenian Voivodship), while during 1772-1867 it belonged to the Austrian empire, and from 1867–1918 to Austria-Hungary. During the 120 years that this part of Poland was controlled by Austria, the area (including west and east of Subcarpathian Voivodship) was known as Galicia. In 1918 it returned to Poland.
The region was under the Magdeburg rights since 1707. The town was situated beside an often attended trade route to Hungary which guaranteed good opportunities for development, but as time passed the town started to decline, and by 1876 it had lost municipal rights.

## After World War II

In the immediate years after World War II (1945, 1946) some inhabitants left for Ukraine. On 29 April 1946 the village was attacked by a unit of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) and some buildings were burnt. As a result, some people left Tyrawa (under the "Operation Vistula") and moved to the Pomerania area of Poland. Only over a dozen years after the war the village started to rebuild.
The rural families in this community are poor, as agriculture is rarely profitable and low income makes it difficult to reinvest and make improvements.
* The Market Square in the 1930s
* Tyrawa Wołoska in 2007
* An 1898 map shows the location of Tyrawa Wołoska

## Personalia

* Jacob Avigdor
# Sains-lès-Marquion

Sains-lès-Marquion is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

## Geography

Sains-lès-Marquion lies about 19 miles (31 km) southeast of Arras, at the junction of the D15 and D16 roads.
# James Cycle Co

The James Cycle Co Ltd., Greet, Birmingham, England, was one of many British cycle and motorcycle makers based in the English Midlands, particularly Birmingham. Most of their light motorcycles, often with the characteristic maroon finish, used Villiers and, later, AMC two-stroke engines.
James were prolific bicycle and motorcycle manufacturers from 1884 to 1966. The company was taken over by Associated Motor Cycles in 1951 and combined with Francis-Barnett in 1957. In 1966 the company became one of the many British motorcycle companies forced out of business by Japanese competition.

## History

In 1884, Harold "Harry" James founded The James Cycle Company in Birmingham to manufacture bicycles. The first works were at 121 Constitution Hill. In 1890, the company relocated to a new factory at Sampson Road North in Sparkbrook. James Cycle was converted to a public limited company in May 1897. Harry James retired in 1898, and his partner Charles Hyde took over. Hyde introduced a freewheel mechanism that proved very popular.
In 1902, the company introduced its first motorcycles under the leadership of Fred Kimberley. The first machine was a moped that had foot pedals and a Werner engine powering the rear wheel through a friction roller. In 1908 the first "James Safety Model" was introduced, which used an engine designed by the James company and the first saddle fuel tank on a motorcycle.

## Models

James produced the 98 cc Autocycle, 98cc Comet, Commodore, also 1954/55 Colonel 225cc Villiers single cylinder, several Captains as well as trials and scrambles bikes. In 1956 they produced the Captain 200 K7, Cotswold 200 K7C, and Commando 200 K7T, all 197 cc.