OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Allen (representative)

Thomas Allen (August 29, 1813 – April 8, 1882) was an American railroad builder and a member of the United States House of Representatives from Missouri.
Allen was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, to Jonathan and Eunice Larned Allen, and was a grandson of Rev. Thomas Allen, a noted American revolutionary. He attended Pittsfield Academy and Berkshire Gymnasium. He graduated from Union College in 1832, where he obtained his degree with Phi Beta Kappa honors and was an early member of The Kappa Alpha Society. He then studied law and was admitted to the New York bar in 1835. In 1837, he moved to Washington, D.C., where he founded the newspaper The Madisonian, a Democratic newspaper. He was the printer of the United States House of Representatives from 1837 to 1839, and printer to the United States Senate from 1839 to 1842.
In 1842 Allen married Ann Russell and moved to St. Louis, Missouri. His father-in-law, William Russell, gave him land in south St. Louis, which he developed as residential property attractive for working-class immigrants. It was the largest tract in St. Louis developed by a single person.
He was a slave owner; an advertisement for a reward for the return of escaped slaves by a "Thomas Allen, Esq." of St. Louis, Missouri, was published in newspapers in 1847.
He was elected to the Missouri State Senate in 1850, remaining a member of that body through 1854. Also in 1850, Allen was elected president of the Pacific Railroad with the support of Thomas Hart Benton. With his political connections, he arranged for loan guarantees and land grants that helped to start the company. In 1852 he took the first steam locomotive to cross the Mississippi River. Following a series of financial crises for the railroad, Allen resigned from the company and returned to land-development. In 1858 he was the organizer of the banking house Allen, Copp & Nisbet. He subsequently sold his railway interests and retired from business. After an unsuccessful run for Congress in 1862, he returned to the railroad business in 1867 with the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway. He was the founder of the Allen professorship of Mining and Metallurgy at Washington University in St. Louis and in 1876 he donated the Berkshire Athenaeum to his hometown of Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
Allen was elected to the United States House of Representatives from Missouri in 1881. He sold railroad holdings to fellow railroad developer Jay Gould.
In April 1882, Allen died in Washington, D.C., before his first and only term as a member of Congress was complete. He was buried in Pittsfield Cemetery, Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
Allenville, Missouri is named after him.
# Walter H. Cleary

Walter Henry Cleary (November 17, 1887 – April 12, 1974) was a Vermont attorney and judge. His career was most notable for his service as an associate justice of the Vermont Supreme Court from 1948 to 1958, and chief justice from 1958 to 1959.

## Early life

Cleary was born in Lyndonville, Vermont on November 17, 1887, the son of John and Mary Louise (McArthur) Cleary. He was educated in Lyndonville, and graduated from Lyndon Institute in 1906. Cleary was a 1911 graduate of Middlebury College (A.B.) (Phi Beta Kappa, Delta Upsilon, Phi Delta Phi), and taught at the Mitchell School in Billerica, Massachusetts from 1911 to 1913. He was a 1915 graduate of Boston University School of Law (LL.B.).

## Early career

Cleary practiced law in Newport. A Republican, from 1916 to 1934 he was a U.S. Commissioner, empowered to conduct initial hearings on cases including illegal entry into the United States and Prohibition Amendment violations. He was Newport's city attorney from 1922 to 1934, and was president of the Vermont Bar Association from 1932 to 1933. Cleary was president of the National Bank of Newport from 1933 to 1934.
In addition to his career as an attorney, Cleary was a trustee of Middlebury College, Saint Michael's College, Lyndon Institute and the Vermont State Library. He was a longtime member of St. Mary Star of the Sea Catholic Church in Newport. Cleary was also active in the Knights of Columbus, and held several leadership roles at the local and state level.

## Career as judge

In 1934, Cleary was appointed a judge of the Vermont Superior Court. He advanced through seniority to become the court's chief judge in 1938, and served in this position until 1948.
In 1948, Cleary was appointed an associate justice of the Vermont Supreme Court, replacing Allen R. Sturtevant, who had retired. He served until 1958, when he was appointed to replace Olin M. Jeffords as chief justice. He held this post until retiring in March 1959, which was required because he had reached the mandatory retirement age of 70. He was succeeded as chief justice by Benjamin N. Hulburd.

## Awards

Cleary received the honorary degree of LL.D. from the College of the Holy Cross in 1943. In 1950, he was awarded an honorary J.S.D. from Suffolk University Law School. He was awarded an LL.D. from Saint Michael's College in 1958.

## Death and burial

Cleary died at a nursing home in Newport on April 12, 1974. He was buried at St. Elizabeth's Cemetery in Lyndonville.

## Family

In 1917, Cleary married Arlene M. Decoteau. They were the parents of a son, John McArthur Cleary (1918-1984), an editorial writer for the Hartford Times, and a daughter, Louise Ellen (1920-2006), the wife of Charles Horvath.
# Yassine Naoum

Yassine Naoum (Arabic: ياسين ناعوم) is a Moroccan footballer. He usually plays as midfielder. Naoum is currently with Al Sahel.
Naoum played for FAR in the 2007 CAF Champions League group stages.
# Combat Air Force Command

The Combat Air Force Command (Turkish: Muharip Hava Kuvveti Komutanlığı) is one of the three military formations and the main commands of the Turkish Air Force. Established on 5 August 2014 followed by the merger of the two main commands, "Combat Air Forces" and "Air Missile Defense Command", it is responsible for gathering major aviation combat elements in the country. It operates airforce base, fleet and other equivalent commands as well as aviation school, responsible for providing military education and training for the air force officers.

## Background

Before the two commands were merged, they were stationed at Diyarbakır, Southeastern Anatolia Region. However, after 2016 military coup d'état, Combat Air Force and Air Missile Defense Command was moved to Eskişehir in the same year. It coordinates with Deputy Commander and Combined Air Operations Centers Command for monitoring the land and sea units as well as airspace and missile defense of the Air Force and the Turkish Armed Forces.
It is also tasked with to maintain airspace in wartime by coordinating with the Turkish Air Force Command and the General Staff of the Armed Forces, in addition to providing strategic and economic support to the Turkish military.
# Supermercados Super Selectos

Supermercados Super Selectos is a Salvadoran supermarket chain that is owned by Grupo Calleja and founded by Daniel Calleja (whose grandson, Carlos, is the current vice-president of Grupo Calleja). The company includes Supermercados De Todo and Selectos Market. As of 2023, Supermercados Super Selectos operates 111 stores in all 14 departments.

## History

In 1940, Daniel Calleja founded Super Selectos, which was the first supermarket in El Salvador.
# Zanonia

Zanonia is a monotypic genus in the flowering plant family Cucurbitaceae (the cucumber, squash, and pumpkin family).
The only species is Zanonia indica, a medium-sized liana found in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia east to New Guinea. It has a number of subspecies.
At one time a number of Alsomitra species were classified among the Zanonia.
# Zoo León

The Zoo León (formally León Zoological Park, or Parque Zoológico de León in Spanish) is a zoo located in León, Guanajuato, Mexico. The zoo is open 365 days a year.
Zoo León is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA).

## History

Zoo León was opened in September 1979. Since 1989 it has been owned and operated by the Municipality of León.
In 1994 a veterinary clinic was added to the zoo, and in 2002 the Night Safari was opened.
In 2010 the zoo hosted an extra cost temporary exhibit called "Reptiles and Poisonous Arthropods of the World". The exhibit was designed to familiarize visitors with less popular animals. In addition to five species of snakes that live in Guanajuato, the exhibit included rattlesnakes, pythons, cobras, tarantulas, and other spiders.

## Animals and exhibits

The zoo is home to more than 1100 animals of 180 species. Seven of these species cannot be found in other Mexican zoos: warthogs, Amur leopards, flying foxes, mongoose lemurs, Kamchatka bears, sloth bears and raccoon dogs.
The Raptor Cage is claimed to be the largest in the world, and houses golden eagle, bald eagle, red-tailed hawk, Harris hawk, caracara, vultures, and owls.
At the Children's zoo, visitors can see pet species, as well a primates such as capuchin, green monkeys, macaques, baboons, and three species of lemurs.
The Safari is a 7-hectare (17-acre) exhibit where visitors can see and photograph animals from the African savanna roaming together in an environment similar to their original homes. Visitors can also feed some of these animals.

## Other attractions

Visitors can ride a miniature train around the zoo and past its main attractions. The zoo also contains large picnic areas with grills.

## Conservation

Since about 2004, the zoo has been breeding the endangered pavón (horned guan). It has also been active in breeding the Mexican gray wolf, which is currently extinct in the wild, and cares for and breeds several species of macaw, including the scarlet macaw.

## The future

In 2009, the state government announced that over the next four years it would be spending 40 million pesos to build a new aquarium at the zoo, as well as another 30 million pesos to modernize the zoo, including remodeling the aviary and creating a new children's play area.
# Mark Magsumbol

Mark M. Magsumbol is a Filipino retired basketball player. Magsumbol has played in the Philippine Basketball Association, the Philippine Basketball League, National Basketball Conference, and for the American Basketball Association (ABA) team San Jose Skyrockets.

## Background

Magsumbol earned a Hotel and Restaurant Management degree at St. Benilde in 2001, but instead of applying what he learned in the classroom, decided to try his luck on the court. He never applied for the PBA draft and has played for four teams in the Philippine Basketball League, three teams in the National Basketball Conference, and a team in the Cebu Basketball Federation. Magsumbol also played for the Cebuana Lhuillier national squad.
Magsumbol previously played for the San Jose Skyrockets in the American Basketball Association (ABA) as an "import" in the US minors. He made his ABA debut, aged 25, by scoring 12 points, including 3-of-4 triples, in the Skyrockets’ 160-101 romp over the Tijuana Dragones at the San Jose Auditorium on Jan. 30, 2006. He arrived in the US on January 22, 2010.
Magsumbol was chosen to play for the Sky Rockets among 15 Filipino aspirants in a tryout conducted by coach Marc Joffe at the PhilSports Arena in Pasig in October 2009. Joffe arrived with team owner Kazuni Hasegawa from San Jose to check out Filipino players capable of playing in the ABA.
Magsumbol later joined the PBA. He was drafted by the Sta. Lucia Realtors. After SLR, he transferred to Air21 Express. He last played with M. Lhuillier Kwarta Padala Cebu Niños, a commercial team based in Cebu.
# Andy Duncan (writer)

Andy Duncan (born September 21, 1964) is an American science fiction and fantasy writer whose work frequently deals with Southern U.S. themes.

## Biography

Duncan was born in Batesburg, South Carolina and graduated from high school from W. Wyman King Academy. He earned a degree in journalism from the University of South Carolina and worked for seven years at the Greensboro News & Record.
Duncan earned an M.A. in creative writing (fiction) from North Carolina State University and an M.F.A. in fiction writing from the University of Alabama. He also attended Clarion West Writers Workshop in 1994.
In Fall 2008, he was hired as an Assistant Professor of English at Frostburg State University in Frostburg, Maryland.
His novelette "Close Encounters" won the 2012 Nebula Award for Best Novelette. His novelette "An Agent of Utopia" was a finalist for the 2018 Nebula Award.
His fiction has appeared in a number of venues, including Asimov's Science Fiction, Realms of Fantasy, Weird Tales, Sci Fiction, and Escape Pod. He has also published poetry, essays, and reviews.

## Professional activities

In October 2022, Andy Duncan was a guest on the Maryland State Library Agency podcast in the episode titled "Spooky Maryland Stories with Andy Duncan".
He was a senior editor at Overdrive, a magazine for truck drivers, from 2003 to 2008.
Duncan was an instructor at Clarion Workshop in 2004 and at Clarion West Writers Workshop in 2005.
He has frequently given readings and spoken on panels at such venues as the International Conference on the Fantastic in the Arts, held each spring in Florida.
Duncan starred as the main character, Counter, in a live dramatization of Jeanne Beckwith's one-act play The Back Room, performed with award-winning authors John Kessel and James K. Morrow, author and scholar F. Brett Cox, writer and critic Fiona Kelleghan, Sydney Sowers, and Buffy the Vampire Slayer expert Rhonda V. Wilcox. The play was presented at the 17th International Conference on the Fantastic in the Arts, held in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, March 19, 1999.

## Personal life

Duncan currently lives with his wife Sydney in Frostburg, Maryland along with a 17 year old dog Lily, and cats Bella and Hilary.

## Awards

He has won the Theodore Sturgeon Award. and three World Fantasy Awards, and has been nominated for Hugo, Nebula Award and Shirley Jackson Award. The Night Cache was nominated in the Best Novella category for a 2010 World Fantasy Award.
He won the 2012 Nebula Award for Best Novelette for "Close Encounters" featured in The Pottawatomie Giant and Other Stories. His novelette "An Agent of Utopia" was also a finalist for the 2018 Nebula Award.
# Diaobingshan

Diaobingshan (simplified Chinese: 调兵山; traditional Chinese: 調兵山; pinyin: Diàobīngshān) is a city in the northeast of Liaoning province in Northeast China. It is under the administration of Tieling City, which lies 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the southeast. In 2020 the population was 206,058.
The city was established as Tiefa City (Chinese: 铁法市; pinyin: Tiěfǎ shì), a compound name of nearby Tieling City and Faku County, in 1982 as a coal production base. In 2002 it was renamed to Diaobingshan, which is the name of a mountain west of the city. Diaobingshan, which can be translated as 'troops dispatching mountain' is named for troop movements during the Jin dynasty being dispatched from here.

## Administrative divisions

There are seven towns under the city's administration.
Towns:
* Bingshan (兵山镇)
* Daming (大明镇)
* Gushanzi (孤山子镇)
* Tiefa (铁法镇)
* Xiaoming (晓明镇)
* Xiaonan (晓南镇)
* Xiaoqing (小青镇)
# Lester Lynch

Lester Lynch is an American operatic baritone.

## Early life and career

Lynch learned to sing in a church choir, and attended Baldwin-Wallace College, the New England Conservatory of Music, and Juilliard.

## Notable performances

Lynch has performed as a baritone, Crown, in The Gershwins' Porgy and Bess as well as a bass, Garage mechanic, in The Great Gatsby's first European performance on December 6, 2015. He reprised the role in 2020.
Lynch participated in the 1996 Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions. He has performed with Luna Pearl Woolf. He has sung at the Festival Napa Valley, and in Bergen, Norway.
The Welsh National Opera gave The Merchant of Venice its British premiere in Cardiff on 16 September 2016, using the Bregenz production. The conductor was Lionel Friend, and the role of Shylock was sung by Lynch. Lynch is an African American and this in the opinion of the critic of The Guardian gave the opera "a further racist edge... [and] a deliberately shocking contemporary resonance."

## Recordings

* Gulbenkian Orchestra – Giuseppe Verdi – Otello. Pentatone PTC 5186562 (2017)
* Asher Fisch – Gordon Getty – The Little Match Girl. Nikolai Schukoff, Lester Lynch, Melody Moore, Asher Fisch, Ulf Schirmer, Münchner Rundfunkorchester, Chor des Bayerischen Rundfunks. Pentatone PTC 5186480 (2015)
* David Garner (composer) – 2015 – December Celebration: New Carols by Seven American Composers. Includes Three Carols. Works by Mark Adamo, William Bolcom, John Corigliano, David Garner, Gordon Getty, Jake Heggie, Luna Pearl Woolf. Performed by Lisa Delan, Lester Lynch, Steven Bailey, Dawn Harms, Musicians of the New Century Chamber Orchestra, Volti Chorus. Pentatone PTC 5186537.
* John Harbison, The Great Gatsby (Publisher: AMP1999), Opera publisher G. Schirmer, Inc.
* Goodbye, Mr. Chips
# Russula parvovirescens

Russula parvovirescens is a basidiomycete mushroom of the genus Russula. Found in the eastern United States, it was described as new to science in 2006.

## Description

The green cap is convex with a nearly flat top and central depression, and 4–7 centimetres (1+1⁄2–2+3⁄4 in) wide; it has a quilted appearance due to cracks that increase near the margin. The stem is 3.5–7 cm (1+1⁄2–2+3⁄4 in) long and 8–18 millimetres (3⁄8–3⁄4 in) thick. The spore print is cream.

### Similar species

It is similar in appearance to the more widespread Russula virescens and R. crustosa, but can be distinguished from those species by its smaller stature, and microscopically by the voluminous terminal cells of the cap cuticle.

## Distribution and habitat

It appears in the eastern United States from June to September.
# Bezawada Ramachandra Reddy

Bezawada Ramachandra Reddy CBE (24 November 1894 – 19 March 1973) was an Indian politician of the Justice Party and one of the founders of the Swatantra Party. He served as the President of the Madras Legislative Council from 1930 to 1937. Ramachandra Reddy was a relative of Indian National Congress politician Bezawada Gopala Reddy.

## Early life

Ramachandra Reddy was born on 24 November 1894 to Sri Subba Reddy & Kamala (Dodla) in Buchireddypalem in the Madras Presidency. He graduated from the Madras University in 1919 and immediately entered politics serving for a while as the President of the District Educational Council, Nellore. In 1929, he was elected President of the district board.

## Marriage

He married Dodla Sita, they had one male child who was named after his father Subba Reddy. On the death of first wife Sita who died post delivery, he married her half sister Dodla Bujjamma, they had 10 children, 5 sons & 5 daughters.

## In the Legislative Council

Reddy joined the Justice Party at an early age and won the 1923 elections. He also won the subsequent elections in 1926, 1930 and 1934. When the Justice Party captured power in the Presidency after a four-year-long gap, Reddy's name was proposed for election as President of the Council. He was elected and served as the President of the Madras Legislative Council from 6 November 1930 to March 1937. Reddy resigned as Speaker following his defeat in the 1937 elections.
Reddy dissented with Periyar when he converted the political party into the Dravidar Kazhagam. Reddy was first elected President of the Justice Party soon after the split in 1944 before the mantle passed on P. T. Rajan. Reddy finally quit the party in 1952.
In 1952, Reddy contested the First Lok Sabha elections as an independent from Nellore and was successful. He served as a Member of the Lok Sabha from 1952 to 1957.

## Swatantra Party

On 4 June 1959, along with C. Rajagopalachari & N G Ranga and other senior politicians, Reddy floated the Swatantra Party. A party whose ideology was finally accepted by modern India when it started its liberalisation policy in the year 1991.

## Champion of Liberalisation

He always believed in enterprise and promoted the idea of setting up business. He served on the boards of many companies as an independent director upon the invitation of the promoters. He was on the board of Madras Cements, Andhra Scientific Company, Machilipatnam. Personally he never believed in putting his money in industry, as he always believed his roots are in agriculture and he should always be only an agriculturist.

## Death

Reddy died on 19 March 1973.

## Honours

Reddy was awarded a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1937 Coronation Honours.
# Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani

Grand Ayatollah Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani (Persian: محمدرضا گلپایگانی; March 20, 1899 – December 9, 1993) was an Iranian Shia and marja' scholar. He was born in 1899 in Gogad village near the city of Golpaygan, Iran. He was taught preliminary studies by his father, Mohammad Bagher. At the age of 9, his father died and he later on moved to Golpaygan to continue his studies. He was one of the highest-ranking Shia clergies to participate in the Iranian Revolution, and a one-time serious contender to succeed Ruhollah Khomeini in the 1989 Iranian Supreme Leader election. However, his candidacy was voted down by the Assembly of Experts, in favor of the eventual successor, Ali Khamenei.

## Family and early life

Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad-Reza Golpayegani's father, Sayyed Muhammad Bagher, was a great scholar who made sure that his son learned primary education and religious sciences under great masters. At the age of 20, he moved to Arak to study under Abdul-Karim Ha'eri Yazdi and became one of his most noteworthy students. After completing his education and achieving high scientific and spiritual positions, he started teaching and went on to become one of the most important masters of his time. After Ha'eri Yazdi and Ayatollah Mohammad Taghi Khansari founded the hawza of Qom, he moved there and delivered lectures in the Islamic Seminary.

## Works

He wrote many treatises and books about Jurisprudence and Islam, among them:
* The book of Hajj in 3 volumes
* The Guiding for whom Have Velayah
* The book of Judgment
* The book of witnesses
* Noted on Qrvah Al Vosqa
* Notes on ways of saving
* Issues of hajj
* Treatise on non-distorting of the Holy Quran
* The praying of Jumah day

## Death

Ayatollah Golpayegani died in 1993 in Qom near Fateme Masoumeh Shrine.