OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Caras y Caretas (Argentina)

Caras y Caretas is a weekly magazine of Argentina published from 1898 to 1941 in its first period of existence. There was a previous version published in Uruguay between 1890 and 1897. Caras y Caretas was relaunched in 2005 under the direction of historian Felipe Pigna, having been published since then.

## History

The Caras y Caretas was founded in Montevideo in 1890. Its main features were political satire, humour and topical issues, visually displayed through cartoons and photographs. Eustaquio Pellicer (associated with French artist Charles Schütz) was the director since its first number (dated 20 July 1890) until #144. At the invitation of Argentine journalist Bartolomé Mitre Vedia, Pellicer moved to Buenos Aires, establishing the Argentine edition of the magazine there. The first number (released 19 August 1898) had 24 pages.
Caras y Caretas was very popular during its first years of existence, with Mitre y Vedia as director, Pellicer as writer and Spanish artist Manuel Mayol as artist, doing most of the covers and interior illustrations for the magazine. José Sixto Alvarez (mostly known for its nickname Fray Mocho) was one of the most frequent collaborators from 1898 until his death in 1903. Since 1924 Caras y Caretas published short tales from local writers, such as Roberto Payró, Arturo Capdevila, Carrizo and Gálvez.
Some of the prestigious cartoonists that worked for the magazine were Manuel Mayol, Julio Málaga Grenet, José María Cao Luaces, Lino Palacio (who published his first work in the magazine in 1912), Jorge Argerich, Dante Quinterno, Alejandro Sirio, Hermenegildo Sábat Lleó, among others.
Uruguayan writer Horacio Quiroga published his first tales in Caras y Caretas. Quiroga not only wrote short tales but film reviews.
In 1941 Caras y Caretas ceased to be published although the magazine would have two brief revivals in 1953 and 1982. In 1982 the magazine had a brief stint during the Malvinas Islands War. Some of the artists gave their contributions to the magazine were Miguel Rep, Gerardo Canelo, Enrique Pinti, Geno Díaz, and writers Oscar Bevilacqua, Fermín Chávez, Miguel Grinberg, Marco Denevi, Bernardo Kordon, Roberto Mero, Helvio Botana, Eugenio Mandrini and Jorge Claudio Morhain.
During months of October and November 2004 the Illustration Museum of Buenos Aires held an exhibition named "Caras y Caretas: its illustrators" in the National Library, where about 150 original pieces by more than 40 artists were exhibited. A second event was held in 2006 in the Feria del Libro of Buenos Aires.
In July 2005 a relaunch of Caras y Caretas was released, directed by historian Felipe Pigna and published by "Fundación Octubre", a company of Suterh, the union of building workers of Argentina. The first number of the new era was a success, selling the total of 50,000 copies put into circulation. By 2008 Caras y Caretas sold an average of 29,000 copies per week.
# Kharba

Kharba is a village in Chanchal I CD Block in Chanchal subdivision of Malda district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The town is located on the western banks of the Mahananda River.

## Geography
### Location

Kharba is located at 25°25′N 88°04′E﻿ / ﻿25.42°N 88.07°E﻿ / 25.42; 88.07. It has an average elevation of 29 m (95 ft).
Kharba is a village panchayat under Chanchal I intermediate panchayat in Malda district.:

### Area overview

The area shown in the adjacent map covers two physiographic regions – the Barind in the east and the tal in the west. The eastern part is comparatively high (up to 40 metres above mean sea level at places) and uneven. The soils of the eastern region are “hard salty clays of a reddish hue and the ground is baked hard as iron.” It lies to the east of the Mahananda River. The area lying to the west of the Mahananda River, the tal, is a flat low land and “is strewn with innumerable marshes, bils and oxbow lakes.” The tal area is prone to flooding by local rivers. The total area is overwhelmingly rural. There are two important historical/ archaeological sites in the area – Pandua and Jagjivanpur.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the area. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India, Kharba had a total population of 3,744, of which 1,914 (51%) were males and 1,830 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 435. The total number of literates in Kharb was 2,835 (72.08% of the population over 6 years).

## Healthcare

Chanchal subdivisional hospital at Chanchal (with 100 beds) is a major medical facility. There are primary health centres in Chanchal I CD Block at Kharba (with 10 beds) and Singla (Nadishik PHC) (with 10 beds).
# Khodar Bazar

Khodar Bazar is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Baruipur police station in the Baruipur CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian State of West Bengal.

## Geography
### Area overview

Baruipur subdivision is a rural subdivision with moderate levels of urbanization. 31.05% of the population lives in the urban areas and 68.95% lives in the rural areas. In the southern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 20 census towns. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta and the southern part is covered by the Baruipur-Jaynagar Plain. Archaeological excavations at Dhosa and Tilpi, on the bank of the Piyali River indicate the existence of human habitation around 2,000 years ago.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

### Location

Khodar Bazar is located at 22°21′38″N 88°25′38″E﻿ / ﻿22.3605°N 88.4271°E﻿ / 22.3605; 88.4271. It has an average elevation of 9 metres (30 ft).
Khodar Bazar on the west, Salipur on the north, Baruipur (CT) on the east are census towns adjacent to Baruipur city, and Komarhat is a little away on the south, as per the map of the Baruipur CD block in the District Census Handbook for the South 24 Parganas.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Khodar Bazar had a total population of 6,360, of which 3,325 (52%) were males and 3,035 (48%) were females. There were 657 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literates in Khodar Bazar was 5,078 (89.04% of the population over 6 years).

## Infrastructure

According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Khodar Bazar covered an area of 0.8797 km$^2$. Among the civic amenities, it had 15 km roads with open drains, the protected water supply involved borewells. It had 800 domestic electric connections and 25 road light points. Among the educational facilities it had were 2 primary schools, the nearest secondary school, the nearest senior secondary school at Baruipur 1 km away. The three important commodities it produced were: surgical materials, embroidery and snacks.

## Transport

A short stretch of local roads link Khodar Bazar to the State Highway 1.
Shasan Road railway station is located nearby.

## Healthcare

Hariharpur Block Primary Health Centre, with 10 beds, at Hariharpur (PO Mallikpur), is the major government medical facility in the Baruipur CD block.
# Rameswarpur, Maheshtala

Rameswarpur is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Maheshtala police station in the Thakurpukur Maheshtala CD block in the Alipore Sadar subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography
### Area overview

Alipore Sadar subdivision is the most urbanized part of the South 24 Parganas district. 59.85% of the population lives in the urban areas and 40.15% lives in the rural areas. In the northern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 21 census towns. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta and the subdivision, on the east bank of the Hooghly River, is an alluvial stretch, with industrial development.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

### Location

Rameswarpur is located at 22°27′30″N 88°13′27″E﻿ / ﻿22.4583°N 88.2242°E﻿ / 22.4583; 88.2242. It has an average elevation of 9 metres (30 ft).
Rameswarpur, Chata Kalikapur, Ganye Gangadharpur and Asuti form a cluster of census towns on the southern side of Maheshtala, as per the map of the Thakurpukur Maheshtala CD block on page 153 of the District Census Handbook 2011 for the South 24 Parganas.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Rameswarpur had a total population of 7,200, of which 3,738 (52%) were males and 3,642 (48%) were females. There were 814 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literate people in Rameswarpur was 4,999 (78.28% of the population over 6 years).

## Infrastructure

According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Rameswarpur covered an area of 2.3248 km$^2$. Nangi railway station is 3 km away. Among the civic amenities it had 5 km of roads with both open and covered drains. The source of protected water supply was borewell tank and overhead tank. It had 950 domestic electric connections and 150 road lights. Among the medical facilities it had was a nursing home 3 km away. Among the educational facilities it had were 2 primary schools, 1 middle school, 1 secondary school and the nearest general degree college was at Maheshtala 5 km away. Among the social, recreational and cultural facilities, the nearest public library was at Chattan 3 km away. The nearest cinema theatre was at Maheshtala 3 km away. Three important commodities manufactured were: garments, dyeing and cotton spinning.

## Transport

A short stretch of local roads link Rameswarpur to the Budge Budge Trunk Road.
Nangi railway station is located nearby.

## Healthcare

Sarsuna Block Primary Health Centre, with 15 beds, at Sarsuna, is the major government medical facility in the Thakurpukur Maheshtala CD block.
# Kriparampur

Kriparampur is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Bishnupur police station in the Bishnupur II CD block in the Alipore Sadar subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography
### Area overview

The Alipore Sadar subdivision is the most urbanized part of the South 24 Parganas district. 59.85% of the population lives in the urban areas and 40.15% lives in the rural areas. In the southern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 15 census towns. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta and the subdivision, on the east bank of the Hooghly River, is an alluvial stretch, with industrial development.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

### Location

Kriparampur is located at 22°21′27″N 88°16′04″E﻿ / ﻿22.3575°N 88.2678°E﻿ / 22.3575; 88.2678. It has an average elevation of 9 metres (30 ft).
Bishnupur, Kanyanagar, Amtala, Ramkrishnapur, Kriparampur and Chak Enayetnagar (a little away) form a cluster of census towns, as per the map of the Bishnupur I CD block on page 207 and the map of the Bishnupur II CD block on page 233 of the District Census Handbook 2011 for the South 24 Parganas.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Kriparampur had a total population of 3,778, of which 1,935 (51%) were males and 1,843 (49%) were females. There were 347 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literate persons in Kriparampur was 2,983 (86.94% of the population over 6 years).

## Infrastructure

According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Kriparampur covered an area of 1.7973 km$^2$. Among the civic amenities, the protected water supply involved over-head tank and service reservoir. It had 600 domestic electric connections and 15 road light points. Among the medical facilities it had 4 dispensaries/ health centres, a nursing home 2 km away and 2 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities it had were 1 primary school and 1 secondary school, the nearest middle and senior secondary schools at Pallishree 2 km away, the nearest general degree college at Vidyanagar 7 km away. It had 1 non-formal education centre (Sarba Siksha Abhiyan). Three important commodities it produced were plywood, brush and biri. It had the branch of 1 agricultural credit society.

## Economy
### Tourism

Ibiza, the Fern resort and spa, is located on the Diamond Harbour Road.

## Transport

Kriparampur is on the National Highway 12.

## Education

Roraty Rabindra Bidyapith, Gangrampur, is Bengali-medium coeducational institution established in 1962. It has facilities for teaching from class V to class X.

## Healthcare

Amtala Rural Hospital, with 50 beds, at Amtala, is the major government medical facility in the Bishnupur II CD block.
# Rajapur, Canning

Rajapur is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Canning police station in the Canning I CD block in the Canning subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography
### Area overview

Canning subdivision has a very low level of urbanization. Only 12.37% of the population lives in the urban areas and 87.63% lives in the rural areas. There are 8 census towns in the Canning I CD block and only 2 in the rest of the subdivision. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta with numerous islands in the southern part of the region. The area (shown in the map alongside) borders on the Sundarbans National Park and a major portion of it is a part of the Sundarbans settlements. It is a flat low-lying area in the South Bidyadhari plains. The Matla River is prominent and there are many streams and water channels locally known as khals. A comparatively recent country-wide development is the guarding of the coastal areas with a special coastal force.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

### Location

Rajapur is located at 22°20′22″N 88°36′09″E﻿ / ﻿22.3394°N 88.6025°E﻿ / 22.3394; 88.6025
Rajapur, Taldi, Bayarsingh, Matla and Dighirpar form a cluster of census towns in the Canning I CD block, as per the map of the Canning I CD block on page 333 of the District Census Handbook 2011. Canning is not identified as a separate place in the 2011 census records. The map of CD block Canning I in the District Census Handbook for South 24 Parganas shows Canning as being a part of the Matla and Dighirpar census towns.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Rajapur had a total population of 9,754, of which 4,983 (51%) were males and 4,771 (49%) were females. There were 1,147 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literate persons in Rajapur was 6,792 (78.91% of the population over 6 years).

## Infrastructure

According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Rajapur covered an area of 3.1906 km$^2$. Among the civic amenities, the protected water supply involved overhead tank and service reservoir. It had 700 domestic electric connections and 60 road light points. Among the medical facilities it had 2 dispensaries/ health centres, 2 nursing homes, 2 charitable hospitals/ nursing homes and 12 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities it had were 2 primary schools. It had 1 non-formal education centre (Sarba Siksha Abhiyan). Among the important commodities it produces were saris and bricks.

## Transport

Baruipur-Canning Road links Rajapur to the State Highway 1.
Taldi railway station is located nearby.

## Healthcare

Ghutiari Sharif Block Primary Health Centre at Ghutiari Sharif, with 10 beds, is the major government medical facility in the Canning I CD block.
# Dongaria

Dongaria is a village and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Nodakhali police station in the Budge Budge II CD block in the Alipore Sadar subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography
### Area overview

Alipore Sadar subdivision is the most urbanized part of the South 24 Parganas district. 59.85% of the population lives in the urban areas and 40.15% lives in the rural areas. In the northern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 21 census towns. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta and the subdivision, on the east bank of the Hooghly River, is an alluvial stretch, with industrial development.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

### Location

Dongaria is located at 22°24′04″N 88°09′51″E﻿ / ﻿22.4010°N 88.1642°E﻿ / 22.4010; 88.1642. It has an average elevation of 9 metres (30 ft).

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Dongaria had a total population of 7,425, of which 3,794 (51%) were males and 3,631 (49%) were females. There were 711 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literates in Dongaria was 5,367 (79.94% of the population over 6 years).

## Civic administration
### CD block HQ

The headquarters of the Budge Budge II CD block are located at Dongaria.

## Transport

A short stretch of local roads link Dongaria to the Budge Budge Trunk Road.
Budge Budge railway station is located nearby.

## Education

Dongaria Anumati Balika Vidyalaya is a Bengali-medium higher secondary school.

## Healthcare

Lakshmibala Dutta Rural Hospital, with 30 beds, at Bakrahat, is the major government medical facility in the Budge Budge II CD block.
# Madagascar sparrowhawk

The Madagascar sparrowhawk (Accipiter madagascariensis) is a species of bird of prey in the family Accipitridae.
It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, dry savanna, and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
It is threatened by habitat loss.
It may form a superspecies with Eurasian sparrowhawk (A. nisus) and rufous-chested sparrowhawk (A. rufiventris) (Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001).

## Population and Habitat

The Madagascar Sparrowhawk inhabits Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. These Islands are almost 300 miles away from Madagascar over open ocean.
It is suspected that there is between 3300 and 6700 mature Madagascar Sparrowhawks in the wild. It was classified as near threatened in August 2018 by the IUCN.
They can be found at altitudes from sea level up to 1500 meters, but typically stay under 1000 meters. Their habitats consist of rainforests in the East, deciduous forests in the west, and spiny forests in the southwest.

## Diet and Foraging

The Madagascar Sparrowhawk eats other small birds which makes up 97% of their prey. Common avian prey includes the Madagascar Black Bulbul, the Madagascar Partridge, and the Madagascar Turtle-Dove. Other prey includes insects, frogs and some reptiles. The Madagascar Sparrow Hawk hunts by concealing themselves in low perches in the forest and pursuing prey in flight.

## Reproduction and Development

The female Madagascar Sparrowhawk typically lays three eggs each breeding season in the months of October and November. Eggs are incubated by the female for a period of around 35 days. Nests are sometimes reused over several seasons.
After the eggs hatch the young develop quickly. They will develop to leave the nest at an average of 37 days and become independent of their parents at around 60–67 days. Their life spans can range to 7 years, and they aren’t migratory birds.

## Subspecies and description

The Comoro Islands have/had 3 distinct subspecies of the Madagascar Sparrowhawk: The Anjouan sparrowhawk, the Mayotte sparrowhawk, and the Sensu Palmer Sparrowhawk. The most notable difference between the Madagascar Sparrowhawks and its distinct subspecies is the difference in color patterns between males and females.
Male Madagascar Sparrowhawks have blue/grey stomachs, wings, and backsides with slight hints of orange around their chest, while females have brown/black chests and wings. But the male and female subspecies Madagascar Sparrowhawks have unusual patterns, that unmistakably make them different.
The Sensu Palmer Sparrowhawk has been declared extinct since 1972.

## Threats

The Madagascar Sparrowhawk is threatened by habitat loss as a result of logging and wood harvesting. The number of Madagascar Sparrowhawks is decreasing as of 2023.
# Namsai district

Namsai district is an administrative district in the state of Arunachal Pradesh in north-east India.It was carved out of Lohit district in November 2014.

## History

The creation of Namsai district was approved by the Arunachal Pradesh government of Nabam Tuki on 21 March 2013.
On 25 November 2014, the Namsai subdivision of Lohit district was declared as a new district of Arunachal Pradesh, becoming the 18th district of the state.

## Demographics
### Religion

Religion in Namsai (2011)

## Geographical indication

Arunachal Pradesh Khaw Tai (Khamti Rice) was awarded the Geographical Indication (GI) status tag from the Geographical Indications Registry, under the Union Government of India, on 3 October 2023 and is valid until 12 December 2031.
Namsai Organic Spices and Agricultural Producer Company Limited from Lohit, proposed the GI registration of Arunachal Pradesh Khaw Tai (Khamti Rice). After filing the application in December 2021, the rice was granted the GI tag in 2023 by the Geographical Indication Registry in Chennai, making the name "Arunachal Pradesh Khaw Tai (Khamti Rice)" exclusive to the rice grown in the region. It thus became the first rice variety from Arunachal Pradesh and the 3rd type of goods from Arunachal Pradesh to earn the GI tag. The GI tag protects the rice from illegal selling and marketing, and gives it legal protection and a unique identity.
# Durganagar, Diamond Harbour

Durganagar is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Diamond Harbour police station in the Diamond Harbour I CD block in the Diamond Harbour subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography
### Area overview

Diamond Harbour subdivision is a rural subdivision with patches of urbanization. Only 14.61% of the population lives in the urban areas and an overwhelming 85.39% lives in the rural areas. In the western portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 11 census towns. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta and the western part, located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, is covered by the Kulpi Diamond Harbour Plain, which is 5–6 metres above sea level. Archaeological excavations at Deulpota and Harinarayanpur, on the bank of the Hooghly River indicate the existence of human habitation more than 2,000 years ago.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

### Location

Durganagar is located at 22°11′51″N 88°12′52″E﻿ / ﻿22.1975°N 88.2144°E﻿ / 22.1975; 88.2144

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Durganagar had a total population of 4,658 of which 2,403 (52%) were males and 2,255 (48%) were females. There were 438 persons in the age range of 0–6 years. The total number of literate persons in Durganagar was 3,342 (79.19% of the population over 6 years).

## Infrastructure

According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Durganagar covered an area of 2.6605 km$^2$. Among the civic amenities, the protected water supply involved tapwater from treated sources and hand pumps. It had 422 domestic electric connections. Among the medical facilities, it had 1 dispensary/ health centre, 1 family welfare centre and 2 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities it had were 2 primary schools, all other educational facilities were at Diamond Harbour 3 km away.

## Transport

Gurudas Nagar railway station is located nearby.

## Healthcare

Panchagram (Netra) Rural Hospital at PO Panchagram Singhi, with 30 beds, is the major government medical facility in the Diamond Harbour I CD block.