OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marc-Antoine Bourdon de Vatry

Marc-Antoine Bourdon Vatry (24 November 1761, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés – 22 April 1828, Paris), brother of Louis-François Bourdon, was a French Naval Minister.
He began in 1778 as a clerk in the offices of the navy at Brest, and as Expeditionary Secretary of Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau in the United States (1781–1783).
Back in France he was appointed director of the colonies at the Department of Navy (1792–1797). On 3 July 1799, he became Minister of Marine and remained until 1800.
Under the Consulate and Empire, he was maritime prefect of Le Havre, prefect of Vaucluse, and Maine-et-Loire in 1809, Prefect of Gênes. This town erected a statue in memory of the work he had done in this port. During the Hundred Days, he was prefect of the Isère.
Political offices :
| Preceded byCharles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord | Minister of the Navy and the Colonies 2 July 1799 – 22 November 1799 | Succeeded byPierre-Alexandre-Laurent Forfait |
# Hoher Ifen

The Hoher Ifen (also Hochifen) is a 2,230 metre (according to German survey: 2,229 m) high mountain in the Allgäu Alps, west of the Kleinwalsertal valley. In winter it forms the backdrop for a small ski area. It lies on the border between Germany and Austria. The summit is the highest point on the gently, tilted Ifen plateau.
Northeast of the Ifen plateau is the Gottesacker plateau, a karst landscape which has been designated a nature reserve and which has numerous caves and rare mountain plants. The most important caves are the Hölloch im Mahdtal and the Schneckenloch Cave near Schönenbach. On the eastern slopes of the massif a Stone Age dwelling site was discovered on the mountain pasture of Schneiderkürenalpe at a height of about 1,500 m.

## Climbing, hunting and conservation

On the southern side of the mountain an undisturbed wildlife area has been declared by the Bregenz district commission at the instigation of the Walser Hunting Club (Walser Jägerschaft), that has restricted the usual Austrian freedom of passage in accordance with § 33 of the Forestry Act. Mountaineering clubs, in particular the German Alpine Club, the Austrian Alpine Club and Allgäu Climbing Group (IG Klettern Allgäu) have criticised the regulation by the Bregenz district commission, because, within its boundaries, on the southern edge of the plateau and at Bärenköpfe is one of the best sport climbing areas in the Alps. The south faces are called the Céüse of the Allgäu, a comparison to the most famous climbing area in Europe.

## Ski area

At the beginning of the 1970s the first ski lifts appeared on the Ifen, from which today's company, the Ifen-Bergbahn-Gesellschaft, emerged. For a long time it was mostly owned by Ruth Merckle, the wife of the pharmaceutical businessman Adolf Merckle. By taking over the Merckle family's 82% share and the 18% share of the family of Kleinwalsertal tourism pioneer, Alfons Herz, on 1 July 2009, the Ifen Bergbahn GmbH u. Co gained full ownership of the Kleinwalsertaler Bergbahn (KBB), Riezlern, whose main shareholders are the Allgäuer Überlandwerk and the Raiffeisen Holding Kleinwalsertal. The Kleinwalsertaler Bergbahn AG plans to build a link lift to the Walmendinger Horn The expansion plans were sharply criticised by several associations because they were viewed as damaging to the environment and would promote mass tourism. The Austrian Alpine Club section in the Kleinwalsertal criticised the plans as follows: The construction of this lift cannot be done in harmony with nature as we would wish to remind those launching such an initiative!
The Kleinwalsertal Landscape Protection Society (Landschaftsschutz Kleinwalsertal) expressed similar views. On October 21, 2012, a referendum was held. About 55% of the voters rejected the proposal to build the lift.

## Gallery

* The almost level plateau of the Hoher Ifen
* The Gottesacker plateau from the summit of the Hoher Ifen
# Rosalie Ferner

Rosalie Ferner is Professor of Neurology at Guys and St Thomas's Hospital and the Department of Clinical Neuroscience at King's College London. Ferner is chairperson for the medical advisory board of the national Neuro Foundation. She has is national lead for the nationally commissioned NF1 service since and lead for the London NF2 service.

## Selected bibliography

* Ferner, Rosalie E., and David H. Gutmann. "International consensus statement on malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis 1." Cancer research 62, no. 5 (2002): 1573–1577.
* Ferner, Rosalie E., Susan M. Huson, Nick Thomas, Celia Moss, Harry Willshaw, D. Gareth Evans, Meena Upadhyaya et al. "Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of individuals with neurofibromatosis 1." Journal of medical genetics 44, no. 2 (2007): 81-88. doi:10.1136/jmg.2006.045906
* Ferner, Rosalie E. "Neurofibromatosis 1 and neurofibromatosis 2: a twenty first century perspective." The Lancet Neurology 6, no. 4 (2007): 340-351. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70075-3
# The Gilded Lily (1921 film)

The Gilded Lily is a surviving 1921 American silent drama film directed by Robert Z. Leonard and written by Clara Beranger and Tom McNamara. The film stars Mae Murray, Lowell Sherman, Jason Robards, Sr., Charles K. Gerrard, and Leonora von Ottinger. The film was released on March 6, 1921, by Paramount Pictures.

## Plot

A young man from the country goes to a big city where he falls in love with a showgirl. She then decides to give up her profession to become a housewife, and he decides to leave her.

## Cast

* Mae Murray as Lillian Drake
* Lowell Sherman as Creighton Howard
* Jason Robards, Sr. as Frank Thompson
* Charles K. Gerrard as John Stewart
* Leonora von Ottinger as Mrs. Thompson

## Production

The opening scene with Mae Murray wearing a gold tinsel cloth costume in front of a deep blue background was shot using the Prizma color system.

## Preservation status

A print survives in Museo del Cine Buenos Aires, Pablo C. Ducros Hicken archive.
# Liechtenstein at the Olympics

Liechtenstein first participated in the Olympic Games in 1936, and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then. The Liechtenstein Olympic Committee was created in 1935.
Liechtenstein is the smallest country in the world by population and the second smallest by area (after Bermuda, but smallest sovereign state) to have won an Olympic gold medal, although San Marino is the smallest country to have won any medal. Athletes from Liechtenstein have won a total of ten medals, all in alpine skiing. It is the only country to have won medals at the Winter, but not Summer Olympic Games. Liechtenstein has the most medals per capita of any country, with nearly one medal for every 3,600 inhabitants. Seven of its ten medals have been won by members of the same family: siblings Hanni and Andreas Wenzel, and Hanni's daughter Tina Weirather. Further, the brothers Willi and Paul Frommelt have won two of the other three; only Ursula Konzett has medaled for her country without being related to Wenzels or Frommelts.
Xaver Frick, a founding member of the country's national olympic committee, is the only Liechtenstein athlete to have competed in both the summer and winter Olympic games.

## List of medalists

| Medal | Name | Games | Sport | Event |
| Bronze | Willi Frommelt | 1976 Innsbruck | Alpine skiing | Men's slalom |
| Bronze | Hanni Wenzel | 1976 Innsbruck | Alpine skiing | Women's slalom |
| Gold | Hanni Wenzel | 1980 Lake Placid | Alpine skiing | Women's giant slalom |
| Gold | Hanni Wenzel | 1980 Lake Placid | Alpine skiing | Women's slalom |
| Silver | Hanni Wenzel | 1980 Lake Placid | Alpine skiing | Women's downhill |
| Silver | Andreas Wenzel | 1980 Lake Placid | Alpine skiing | Men's giant slalom |
| Bronze | Andreas Wenzel | 1984 Sarajevo | Alpine skiing | Men's giant slalom |
| Bronze | Ursula Konzett | 1984 Sarajevo | Alpine skiing | Women's slalom |
| Bronze | Paul Frommelt | 1988 Calgary | Alpine skiing | Men's slalom |
| Bronze | Tina Weirather | 2018 Pyeongchang | Alpine skiing | Women's super-G |
# Indo British Film Co

The Indo British Film Co was a film production company set up by Dhirendra Nath Ganguly in 1918.
It was the first Bengali-owned production company in India. The first production by the company was Bilat Ferat in 1921, directed by Nitish Chandra Laharry.
# Arthur Goodrich

Arthur Frederick Goodrich (February 18, 1878 – June 26, 1941) was an American novelist and playwright who was prominent on Broadway during the 1920s and 1930s. He wrote a mixture of crime and comedy plays. One of his greatest hits was the 1922 Anglo-American culture clash comedy So This Is London, which was turned into films twice. He wrote the libretto for an opera version of Caponsacchi.

## Selected works
### Novels

* The Balance of Power (1906)

### Plays

* Yes or No (1917) — filmed as Yes or No? (1919)
* So This Is London (1922) — filmed in 1930 and 1939
* The Joker (1925)
* The Plutocrat (1930)
* The Perfect Marriage (1932)
* A Journey by Night (1935)
# Mihrab (painting)

Mihrab (Turkish: Mihrap), also known as Genesis (French: La Genèse) is a painting of 1901 by the Turkish artist Osman Hamdi Bey.

## History

The painting was first exhibited in May 1903 at the Royal Academy Exhibition in London under the French title La Genèse, which has been interpreted as a reference to the subject's possible pregnancy. It is unclear whether the name came from the organizers or Osman Hamdi Bey himself.
The present location of the painting is unknown.

## Description

The painting depicts a woman wearing a bright yellow décolleté dress and sitting on a Qur'an lectern. Behind the woman is a tiled mihrab (a niche indicating the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca). On the floor at her feet are several large religious books strewn around. There is an incense burner in the painting's foreground. The identity of the female figure is disputed: she has been variously identified as the painter's wife or his daughter Leyla. Mustafa Cezar, Osman's biographer, has also hypothesised that the model was the daughter of an Armenian housemaid.

## Analysis

The woman is sitting in the Rehal, where the Qur'an is usually placed; she has displaced the Qur'an and is now herself the focus of attention in this painting. She has also turned her back away from the prayer niche, and thus also has turned her back against Mecca, the holiest site in Islam.
This painting, like other paintings by Osman Hamdi Bey, comments on the museum culture of his time. All the items which we see surrounding the woman were part of the Ottoman Imperial Museum's collections. The museum collected religious items, but by doing so secularised them, making them into objects which are valued for their aesthetic rather than religious qualities.
The painting has also been seen as blasphemous, feminist and anti-Islam, as the woman is trampling over religious books and sitting where the Qur'an should be; as Edhem Eldem, a professor of history, says, "it is probably difficult to imagine a more offensive way of attacking the very foundations of Islamic tradition in the name of promoting female independence and autonomy".
# Edgar-Rodolphe-Eugène Chevrier

Edgar-Rodolphe-Eugène Chevrier (October 5, 1887 – August 26, 1956) was a Canadian lawyer, judge and political figure. He represented City of Ottawa in the House of Commons of Canada from 1921 to 1935 and Ottawa East from 1935 to 1936 as a Liberal member.

## Biography

He was born in Ottawa, Ontario in 1887, the son of Eugene Louis Chevrier and Delia St-Jacques. Chevrier was educated at the University of Ottawa and Osgoode Hall. He was called to the Ontario bar in 1912 and the Quebec bar in 1914. In 1914, he married Eugénie, the daughter of Charles Champagne. After the death of his first wife, Chevrier married Juliette Nantel in 1918. They had three daughters: Regine, Louise and Marie-Helene. He was named a King's Counsel in Quebec in 1928.
Chevrier resigned his seat in 1936 when he was named to the High Court of Justice division of the Supreme Court of Ontario. In 1953, he was named to the Court of Appeal for Ontario.
In his limited spare time, he was an active outdoorsman, who enjoyed hunting and fishing at his cottage on Lac Profond, near Gracefield, Quebec. The road he built to his cottage is named after him. He died near Blue Sea Lake in western Quebec in 1956, and was buried at Notre-Dame Cemetery. Juliette Nantel died in 1966.
# Life Groenkloof Hospital

Life Groenkloof Hospital (previously Little Company of Mary) is a private hospital in Pretoria, South Africa. It is situated in Groenkloof, a leafy suburb south east of the city centre. It was opened to the public in 1957.
The hospital is part of the Life Healthcare group, and features a state of the art stroke unit run by Dr W. Duim (Neurologist).
Medical and surgical disciplines include: Dermatology, ENT surgery, Endocrinology, General surgery, Gynaecology, Internal medicine/Physicians, Neurology, Neuro and Spinal surgery, Oncology, Orthopaedic surgery, Pathology, Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, Paediatric Endocrinology, Paediatric Oncology, Paediatric Pulmonology, Psychiatry, Nuclear medicine, Radiology (including CT scanner, PET scanner, bone densitometry, mammography, MRI and x-rays), Radiotherapy, Radiosurgery, Urology,
Ancillary services: Audio and speech therapy, Dietetics, Lung function laboratory, Orthotics and prosthesis services, Physiotherapy, Retail pharmacy,
# George Mackay (Australian politician)

George Hugh Alexander Mackay (20 March 1872 – 5 November 1961) was an Australian politician at state and federal level. He served in the Queensland Legislative Assembly as a Liberal from 1912 to 1915, before winning the Division of Lilley as a Nationalist at the 1917 federal election. Mackay joined the new United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931 and served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1932 until his retirement in 1934.

## Early life

Mackay was born at Copperfield, near Clermont in Queensland, to Scottish-born carpenter Hugh Mackay and Jane, née Baird. He attended the state schools at Clermont and Bundaberg before becoming an apprentice printer at the Peak Downs Telegram in 1887. In 1894 he was promoted to foreman printer, and finally became managing editor. He married Edith Ann Heard on 23 September 1896 at the Wesleyan Church in Clermont, after which he joined his sister Barbara in the local bookshop and newsagency. He was elected to Clermont Town Council in 1882 and served as mayor 1900–02.
Mackay moved to Lismore in New South Wales in 1902 before leasing a dairy farm at McLean's Ridge. Shortly afterwards, in 1905, the family moved back to Queensland, settling at Gympie, where Mackay opened an auctioneering and real estate business in partnership with Ray King. In 1911 he was elected to Gympie City Council; he was mayor in 1917.

## Politics

Mackay was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland in 1912 as a Liberal member, representing the seat of Gympie. He was defeated in 1915, but in 1917 won the federal seat of Lilley as a Nationalist. In the House of Representatives he was known as a competent public speaker with a penchant for quoting figures; serving on the Joint Committee on Public Works (1920–28, chairman 1926-28), he was involved in the development of Canberra and the building of the Australian War Memorial. He stated that he had "no time for extremists or muddlers", and was known to dislike the Country Party.
In 1931, the Nationalist Party became the United Australia Party, and on 11 February 1932 Mackay was elected Speaker. In March 1934 he announced his retirement, stating that "one may remain in parliament too long".

## Later life

After his retirement, Mackay was interested in bowls, and he was president of the Gympie Bowling Club 1936–39. He was a devout Presbyterian and Freemason, and in 1952 wrote A summary of the history of the Gympie Presbyterian Church. He died on 5 November 1961 at Gympie and received a state funeral; he was buried at Gympie Cemetery. He was survived by a son.
# John Clasby

John Joseph Clasby (1891 – 15 January 1932) was an Australian politician.
Clasby was born in Warragul, Victoria. He was a Catholic of Irish ancestry. He served in World War I from 1914 with the Light Horse and later with the Artillery in Egypt and in France but returned to Australia in September 1917 after being wounded and gassed. He became a commercial traveller and lecturer on his return and also a prominent member of the Commercial Travellers' Club and vice-president of the Paddington-Woollahra branch of the Returned and Services League. In 1930, he had been a prominent opponent of the "no-license" campaign, which had attempted to prohibit alcohol sales in Victoria.
In 1931, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the United Australia Party member for East Sydney, defeating the sitting MP, Eddie Ward of the Lang Labor party. Although the seat had historically been a comfortably safe Labor seat, vote-splitting between Ward and the official Labor candidate allowed Clasby to win when just over half of the official Labor candidate's preferences flowed to him. Having never fully recovered from his war injuries, Clasby's health suffered from the strenuous election campaign, and he died just a month later, at age 40, before he had taken his seat in the House. A by-election was held in February 1932, which Ward won. Clasby was buried at South Head Cemetery.
# Egg tooth

An egg tooth is a temporary, sharp projection present on the bill or snout of an oviparous animal at hatching. It allows the hatchling to penetrate the eggshell from inside and break free. Birds, reptiles, and monotremes possess egg teeth as hatchlings. Similar structures exist in eleutherodactyl frogs, and spiders.

## Birds

When it is close to hatching, a chick uses its egg tooth to pierce the air sac between the membrane and the eggshell. This sac provides a few hours' worth of air, during which time the chick hatches. When a chick is ready to hatch from its egg, it begins the process of "pipping"; forcing the egg tooth through the shell repeatedly as the embryo rotates, eventually cutting away a section at the blunt end of the egg, leaving a hole through which the bird may emerge. Some species, including woodpeckers, have two egg teeth; one on both the upper and lower bill. After time the egg tooth falls off or is absorbed into the growing chick's bill.
Some precocial species such as the kiwi, and superprecocial species including megapodes, do not require an egg tooth to assist them in hatching. They are strong enough at the time of hatching to use their legs and feet to crack open the egg. Megapode embryos develop and shed their egg tooth before hatching.

## Snakes and lizards

Most squamates (lizards and snakes) also lay eggs, and similarly need an egg tooth. Unlike in other amniotes, the egg tooth of squamates is an actual tooth which develops from the premaxilla.

## Crocodilians

A baby crocodile has an egg tooth on the end of its snout. It is a tough piece of skin which is resorbed less than two months after hatching. Crocodile eggs are similar to those of birds in that they have an inner membrane and an outer one. The egg tooth is used to tear open the inner membrane; the baby crocodile can then push its way through the outer shell. If conditions are particularly dry that year, the inner membrane may be too tough for the crocodile to break through, and without assistance it will simply die inside the egg. Generally, however, the mother crocodile helps free it.
# T. K. Rangarajan

T. K. Rangarajan (born 30 September 1941) is an Indian communist politician and trade unionist. He is a Central Committee member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), Tamil Nadu State Executive Committee member of CPI(M), All India Vice-president of the Centre of Indian Trade Unions.
He is a member of Rajya sabha from Tamil Nadu for two terms. He is the Leader of the Parliamentary group of CPI(M) in Rajya Sabha, since the retirement of Sitaram Yechury, the General Secretary of the party, from the Rajya Sabha.
# XHAW-TDT

XHAW-TDT, virtual channel 6 (UHF digital channel 25), is the flagship station of the Multimedios television network, licensed to Monterrey, Nuevo León and Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. The station is owned by Grupo Firmas Globales.

## Digital television
### Digital channels

The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
| Channel | Video | Aspect | Short name | Programming |
| 6.1 | 1080i | 16:9 | XHAW | Main XHAW programming / Canal 6 |
| 6.2 | 480i | 16:9 | XHAW | Milenio Televisión |
| 6.3 | 480i | 16:9 | XHAW | Canal 6 -2 |
| 12.1 | 480i | 16:9 | XHAW | Teleritmo |
XHAW and sister station XHSAW broadcast in HDTV; XHSAW formerly shared virtual channel 12. XHSAW broadcasts on channels 12.1 through 12.4; XHAW broadcasts channels 6.1 and 6.2. 6.1 and 6.2 are the only channels available in Saltillo and Guadalupe/Juárez/Cadereyta, as there is no shadow XHSAW there. Even though XHAW broadcast on analog channel 11 in Saltillo, it used virtual channel 12 there even prior to 2016. On February 24, 2018 (the station's 50th anniversary date), the station began to use the channel 6 virtual channel along with most other Multimedios stations as part of the network's national expansion.
XHAW Saltillo broadcast on physical channel 51 because channel 25 was in use by analog XHSTC-TV there. It was relocated to channel 25 after the digital television transition.

### Analog-to-digital conversion

On September 24, 2015, XHAW shut off its analog signals, both in Monterrey and Saltillo; its digital signals remained.
# Me Against the World (compilation album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Ox-Fanzine | Favorable |
Me Against the World is the seventh installment in The Emo Diaries series of compilation albums, released March 5, 2002 by Deep Elm Records. As with all installments in the series, the label had an open submissions policy for bands to submit material for the compilation; as a result, the music does not all fit within the emo style. As with the rest of the series, Me Against the World features mostly unsigned bands contributing songs that were previously unreleased.
Reviewer Johnny Loftus of Allmusic remarks that "Sonically, it is a little more diverse, or at least there are a few left turns among all the quiet-loud dynamics this time around." He calls the album "Just as worthy as its Emo Diaries brethren yet filled with refreshing moments of instrumental or melodic experimentation, Vol. 7 is sure to please the Deep Elm faithful and is a good introductory calling card for many of its participants."
# Mara Ribeiro

Mara Ribeiro (born 11 May 1995) is a Portuguese racewalker. In 2019, she competed in the women's 50 kilometres walk at the 2019 World Athletics Championships held in Doha, Qatar. She finished in 15th place.
# Javad-e Seyyedi

Javad-e Seyyedi (Persian: جوادسعیدی) is a village in Susan-e Gharbi Rural District of Susan District, Izeh County, Khuzestan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 837 in 145 households, when it was in the Central District. The following census in 2011 counted 1,088 people in 217 households, by which time the rural district had been separated from the district in the formation of Susan District. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 872 people in 194 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.