OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Matrix variate beta distribution

In statistics, the matrix variate beta distribution is a generalization of the beta distribution. If $U$ is a $p\times p$ positive definite matrix with a matrix variate beta distribution, and $a,b>(p-1)/2$ are real parameters, we write $U\sim B_{p}\left(a,b\right)$ (sometimes $B_{p}^{I}\left(a,b\right)$). The probability density function for $U$ is:
    $\left\{\beta _{p}\left(a,b\right)\right\}^{-1}\det \left(U\right)^{a-(p+1)/2}\det \left(I_{p}-U\right)^{b-(p+1)/2}.$
Here $\beta _{p}\left(a,b\right)$ is the multivariate beta function:
    $\beta _{p}\left(a,b\right)={\frac {\Gamma _{p}\left(a\right)\Gamma _{p}\left(b\right)}{\Gamma _{p}\left(a+b\right)}}$
where $\Gamma _{p}\left(a\right)$ is the multivariate gamma function given by
    $\Gamma _{p}\left(a\right)=\pi ^{p(p-1)/4}\prod _{i=1}^{p}\Gamma \left(a-(i-1)/2\right).$

## Theorems
### Distribution of matrix inverse

If $U\sim B_{p}(a,b)$ then the density of $X=U^{-1}$ is given by
    ${\frac {1}{\beta _{p}\left(a,b\right)}}\det(X)^{-(a+b)}\det \left(X-I_{p}\right)^{b-(p+1)/2}$
provided that $X>I_{p}$ and $a,b>(p-1)/2$.

### Orthogonal transform

If $U\sim B_{p}(a,b)$ and $H$ is a constant $p\times p$ orthogonal matrix, then $HUH^{T}\sim B(a,b).$
Also, if $H$ is a random orthogonal $p\times p$ matrix which is independent of $U$, then $HUH^{T}\sim B_{p}(a,b)$, distributed independently of $H$.
If $A$ is any constant $q\times p$, $q\leq p$ matrix of rank $q$, then $AUA^{T}$ has a generalized matrix variate beta distribution, specifically $AUA^{T}\sim GB_{q}\left(a,b;AA^{T},0\right)$.

### Partitioned matrix results

If $U\sim B_{p}\left(a,b\right)$ and we partition $U$ as
    $U={\begin{bmatrix}U_{11}&U_{12}\\U_{21}&U_{22}\end{bmatrix}}$
where $U_{11}$ is $p_{1}\times p_{1}$ and $U_{22}$ is $p_{2}\times p_{2}$, then defining the Schur complement $U_{22\cdot 1}$ as $U_{22}-U_{21}{U_{11}}^{-1}U_{12}$ gives the following results:
* $U_{11}$ is independent of $U_{22\cdot 1}$
* $U_{11}\sim B_{p_{1}}\left(a,b\right)$
* $U_{22\cdot 1}\sim B_{p_{2}}\left(a-p_{1}/2,b\right)$
* $U_{21}\mid U_{11},U_{22\cdot 1}$ has an inverted matrix variate t distribution, specifically $U_{21}\mid U_{11},U_{22\cdot 1}\sim IT_{p_{2},p_{1}}\left(2b-p+1,0,I_{p_{2}}-U_{22\cdot 1},U_{11}(I_{p_{1}}-U_{11})\right).$

### Wishart results

Mitra proves the following theorem which illustrates a useful property of the matrix variate beta distribution. Suppose $S_{1},S_{2}$ are independent Wishart $p\times p$ matrices $S_{1}\sim W_{p}(n_{1},\Sigma ),S_{2}\sim W_{p}(n_{2},\Sigma )$. Assume that $\Sigma$ is positive definite and that $n_{1}+n_{2}\geq p$. If
    $U=S^{-1/2}S_{1}\left(S^{-1/2}\right)^{T},$
where $S=S_{1}+S_{2}$, then $U$ has a matrix variate beta distribution $B_{p}(n_{1}/2,n_{2}/2)$. In particular, $U$ is independent of $\Sigma$.
# Dąbrowica, Tarnobrzeg County

Dąbrowica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Baranów Sandomierski, within Tarnobrzeg County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) east of Baranów Sandomierski, 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Tarnobrzeg, and 58 km (36 mi) north-west of the regional capital Rzeszów.
# Boyer, Iowa

Boyer is an unincorporated community in Crawford County, in the U.S. state of Iowa.

## History

Boyer was laid out in 1889. The community took its name from the Boyer River. Boyer's population was 60 in 1902, and 80 in 1925.
A post office called Boyer was established in 1899, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1967.
The population was 70 in 1940.
# Peter Pilkington, Baron Pilkington of Oxenford

Peter Pilkington, Baron Pilkington of Oxenford (5 September 1933 – 14 February 2011) was a British Anglican priest, public school headmaster and Conservative member of the House of Lords.

## Education

Pilkington was educated at Dame Allan's School, Newcastle, where he became religious and developed both his love of scholarship and his combative personality. In 1952 he went up to Jesus College, Cambridge and read history, being influenced by Conservative-minded figures such as Maurice Cowling, Herbert Butterfield and Michael Oakeshott. He graduated in 1955, and took his MA in 1959.

## Ecclesiastical career

Pilkington trained for ordination at Westcott House, Cambridge, and was ordained as a deacon in the Diocese of Derby in 1959, and as a priest the following year. He served for three years as curate at the historic parish church of All Saints', Bakewell during the incumbency of George Sinker.
He left parochial work to take up his first school chaplaincy position. In 1975 he was appointed an honorary canon of Canterbury Cathedral.

## Educational career

In 1962 Pilkington became a schoolmaster at Eton College, teaching history, and a college chaplain. Later he became Conduct (senior chaplain), and for 10 years also served as Master in College, the housemaster of the scholars' house, until his resignation in 1975.
He was Headmaster of The King's School, Canterbury from 1975 to 1986.
His final appointment in education was the post of High Master of St Paul's School, London, from 1986 to 1992.

## Retirement

Following his retirement from education Pilkington was appointed Chairman of the Broadcasting Complaints Commission, serving from 1992 to 1996.
In 1995, he was made a life peer as Baron Pilkington of Oxenford, of West Dowlish in the County of Somerset.
He also assisted in retirement as an honorary curate of St Mary's, Bourne Street, a prominent Anglo-Catholic church in Pimlico, where he served from 1992 to 2005.
Although his entire teaching career was spent in the private sector, Pilkington was a vociferous supporter of selective state education. During his retirement he served for several years as Chairman of the National Grammar Schools Association.

## Personal life

In 1966 Pilkington married Helen Wilson, who predeceased him in 1997. He was survived by two daughters, Celia and Sarah Pilkington.
# China Ethnic Museum

The China Ethnic Museum (中华民族博物馆; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínzú Bówùguǎn; also called Chinese Ethnic Culture Park, 中华民族园; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínzú Yuán) is a museum in Beijing, China, located just to the west of the Olympic Green. It features displays of the daily life and architecture of China's 56 ethnic groups.
As stated on its website, the museum's goals are as follows:
* To demonstrate ethnic architecture
* To preserve ethnic relics
* To spread ethnic knowledge
* To study ethnic heritage
* To enhance ethnic culture
* To promote unity of all Chinese ethnic groups
Construction began in October 1992. The North Section was opened to the public on June 18, 1994, and the South Section was opened in September 2001. Construction has continued through the 2008 Summer Olympics. The museum covers approximately 50 hectares and so far comprises 44 ethnic villages and 200 ethnic buildings. There are 800 staff members comprising various Chinese ethnic groups. All buildings are constructed to a ratio of 1:1.
At the museum, several ethnic groups grow traditional crops such as paddy rice or buckwheat, and each day Tibetan lamas from the Tar Monastery of Qinghai chant Buddhist sutras.
The museum has also collected approximately 100,000 cultural relics, and exhibits items representing the daily life of China's ethnic groups.
The museum's curator is Wang Ping.

## Ethnic activities

Festivals and cultural activities featured by the China Ethnic Museum include the following:
* Tibetan Shoton Festival
* Tibetan New Year
* The New-rice Festival of the Va
* The Sowing Festival of the Va
* The Sanduo Festival of the Naxi
* The Munao Singing Festival of the Jingpo
* The Water-splashing Festival of the Dai
* The Third of March Festival of the Bai
* The Huaer Fair of the Tu
* The Nandun Festival of the Tu
* The Sheba Festival of Tujia
* The Chahua Festival of the Yi
* The Knife-shaft Festival of Miao
* The Dragon-boat Festival of the Miao
* The Horse Milk Festival
* The Pepper Festival of the Salar
* Raoshanlin Singing Festival of the Bai
* The Fashion Show of the Yi
39°59′2″N 116°23′25″E﻿ / ﻿39.98389°N 116.39028°E﻿ / 39.98389; 116.39028
# Muyesser Abdul'ehed

Muyesser Abdul'ehed is a Uyghur poet and teacher, who has spoken out against civilian internment of Uyghur people by Chinese authorities. She teaches Uyghur language to children of the Uyghur diaspora.

## Early life and education

Muyesser was born in Ghulja, a city in the north of Uyghur Autonomous region of Xinjiang in today's People's Republic China in the mid-1980s. She studied medicine at Peking University, followed by an MA in Public Health, from a Malaysian university. During her undergraduate degree she began to write poetry and following her postgraduate degree decided to pursue a career in creative writing.

## Career

In 2013, Muyesser moved to Turkey and established the organisation Ayhan Education, whose purpose is to foster the Uyghur language in diaspora communities. Their work includes publishing a Uyghur language magazine written by children, aimed at their peers. The magazine is called Four Leaf Clover. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Hendan taught in-person language lessons, but since then has moved to digital tuition and reached more students as a result.
Muyesser's writing focuses on the experience of Uyghur people forced to live in internment camps. Her novel Kheyr-khosh, quyash (Farewell to the Sun) is the first novel to describe Uyghur internment camps. Some of her work focuses on women's experiences, including a poem from the perspective of a wife whose husband is interned.

## Personal life

As of 2020, Hendan lived in Istanbul. She has spoken out about how her father expected the family to be imprisoned due to civil unrest. She lost contact with her family in 2017 and she has spoken about her feelings of survivor guilt. Her family were forced to cease contact with her due to pressure from the authoritarian state in China, where even being in contact with a relative abroad is a reason for arrest. She believes her cousin, Erpat Ablekrem - a professional football player, was interned as a result of contact with her.

## Awards

She was on the list of the BBC's 100 Women announced on 23 November 2020.

## Selected publications

* Kheyr-khosh, quyash (2020)
* Missing you is painful (2012)
# TL-599

TL-599, also known as SB-8, is an extremely potent carbamate class acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
# Dąbrówka, Jasło County

Dąbrówka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzyska, within Jasło County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Brzyska, 6 km (4 mi) north-west of Jasło, and 52 km (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów.
# Brainard, Iowa

Brainard is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, Iowa, United States. It is located at the junction of Echo Valley Road and F Avenue, four miles southwest of Elgin.

## History

Brainard's population was 25 in 1902, and 27 in 1925. The population was 40 in 1940.
# Saleh Ra'fat

Saleh Ra'fat (born 1945) is a member of the executive committee of the Palestinian Liberation Organisation and a member of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine.

## Biography

Ra'fat was born in Arraba, Mandatory Palestine, in 1945. He became a member of the Arab Nationalist Movement and headed its Jenin organization.
# 2010 in Italy

Events of 2010 in Italy.

## Incumbents

* President: Giorgio Napolitano
* Prime Minister: Silvio Berlusconi

## Events

* February 16–20: Sanremo Music Festival 2010, the 60th annual edition held in Teatro Ariston in Sanremo, province of Imperia,
* February 23: unknown persons pour millions of liters of hydrocarbons into the Lambro river causing an environmental disaster that involved the valley of the river itself and the Po, in Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna.
* April: The AppsBuilder project is initiated by Daniele Pelleri and Luigi Giglio in Milan.
* May 1: Pope Benedict XVI will appoint an envoy and a commission to reform Legion of Christ (LC), whose Mexican founder, Marcial Maciel, abused children before being dismissed in 2006.
* September 12: Fernando Alonso wins the Italian Grand Prix. This would be Ferrari's last win at Monza until 2019.

## Sports

* 2010–11 Serie A
* 2010–11 Serie B
* 2010–11 Coppa Italia
* 2010 Supercoppa Italiana
* 2010 Giro d'Italia
* 2010 Italian Grand Prix
* 2010 Giro di Lombardia

## Deaths

* February 8 – Antonio Giolitti, 94, politician
* April 15 – Raimondo Vianello, 87, television presenter
* May 5 - Giulietta Simionato, 99, operatic mezzo-soprano
* May 18 – Edoardo Sanguineti, 79, poet and writer
* July 8 – Lelio Luttazzi, 87, composer and television presenter
* August 17 – Francesco Cossiga, 82, politician and former President
* September 21 – Sandra Mondaini, 79, actress
* November 10 – Dino De Laurentiis, 91, film producer
* November 29 – Mario Monicelli, 95, actor, screenwriter and director
* November 30 – Berardino Libonati, 76, academic, businessman, jurist and lawyer
* December 18 – Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa, 70, economist and former minister
* December 21 – Enzo Bearzot, 83, footballer and football coach
# Akola (disambiguation)

Akola may refer to:
* Akola, a city in the state of Maharashtra, India
** Akola district, a district of the state of Maharashtra, India
** Akola (Lok Sabha constituency), a Lok Sabha constituency of Maharashtra, India
** Akola Airport
** Akola Fort
* Akola, Agra, a town in Uttar Pradesh, India
* Akola, Chittorgarh, a village in Rajasthan, India
* Aakola or Akola, a village in Pathardi taluka, Maharashtra, India
# John Roache

John Edward Roache (July 19, 1940 – March 3, 1999) was an American pianist, and prolific MIDI sequencer, exponent, and composer of ragtime; notable for his involvement with and contribution to the international "Ragtime Ring"$^1$ and eminent, affiliated Swedish Ragtime Society$^2$ (which houses a number of Roache's creations and a posthumous biography pertaining to him$^3$, alongside works by a number of contemporary ragtime composers). Monument to his work in this field is his expansive MIDI library$^4$, which is maintained in his memory to the present day, and comprises – for the most part – his own output.
# Losing You (Sharon O'Neill song)

"Losing You" is a song by New Zealand singer and songwriter Sharon O'Neill. The song was released in March 1983 as the lead single from her fourth studio album, Foreign Affairs (1983). O'Neill performed the song live on the Countdown on 6 March 1983. The song peaked at number 26 in Australia in June 1983.

## Track listing

7" (BA 223029)
* Side A "Losing You"
* Side B "Don't Let Yourself Drown"

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of Foreign Affairs.
* Sharon O'Neill – lead and backing vocals, OB-Xa
* Michael Boddicker – Jupiter-8, vocoder
* Mike Botts – drums
* John Boylan – production
* Scott Chambers – bass
* Tommy Funderburk – backing vocals
* Tom Kelly – backing vocals
* Tom Scott – saxophone
* Brent Thomas – electric guitar, percussion

## Charts

| Chart (1983) | Peak position |
| Australian Kent Music Report | 26 |
# Russula cremoricolor

Russula cremoricolor, also known as the winter russula, is a species of gilled mushroom. This mushroom has red, cream-yellow, and pink color variants, which complicates attempts at field identification, although finding "red and creamy capped fruitbodies in close proximity is a good clue indicating this species". The winter russula is "mildly toxic," and causes intestinal distress even when consumed in small amounts. The red morph was previously identified as Russula silvicola, but was found to be genetically identical to the cream-colored individuals called R. cremoricolor. The red morph is superficially similar to Russula californiensis but R. cremicolor has a much sharper, peppier taste, likes to associate with mixed forest or tanoak rather than pine, and keeps its gills and stipe white even in age.
# The Lemon Sisters

The Lemon Sisters is a 1990 American comedy-drama film from Miramax Films directed by Joyce Chopra and written by Jeremy Pikser. The film stars Diane Keaton, Carol Kane and Kathryn Grody. The film was both a commercial and critical failure after being shelved for more than a year with extensive revisions.

## Plot

Three lifelong friends work the bars in 1980s Atlantic City performing the songs of 1960s girl groups.

## Principal cast

| Actor | Role |
| Diane Keaton | Eloise Hamer |
| Carol Kane | Franki D'Angelo |
| Kathryn Grody | Nola Frank |
| Elliott Gould | Fred Frank |
| Rubén Blades | C.W. |
| Aidan Quinn | Frankie McGuinness |
| Estelle Parsons | Mrs. Kupchak |
| Nathan Lane | Charlie Sorrell |
| Richard Libertini | Nicholas Panas |
| Sully Boyar | Baxter O'Neil |

## Critical reception

Caryn James of The New York Times hated the film:
   [The Lemon Sisters] inspires dazed disbelief that professional film makers could have made such an amateurish movie... Among the other wasted talents is the director, Joyce Chopra, who once made the exquisite, troubling little film Smooth Talk and seems to have lost her judgment here.
# James Demaine

James Demaine (1842–6 May 1911) was an English architect, mainly active in the Gothic Revival style.

## Life

Born at Bolton Abbey to Emma and James Demaine senior, a gardener and farmer, he was an architect's pupil by 1861 and joined the York-based firm led by Peter Atkinson II, J. B. and W. Atkinson (now known as Brierley Groom) in 1870. He became a partner in the firm in 1874 after John's death and taking sole control on William's retirement in 1878. Walter Henry Brierley became a partner of the firm in 1885 and he and Demaine frequently collaborated until Demaine's retirement in 1889. He died in York in 1911.

## Selected works

* 1878 - St Mary's Church, Haxby
* 1883 - All Saints, Shiptonthorpe, restoration only
* 1883-1884 - All Saints' Church, Wistow, restoration only
* 1885 - St Michael le Belfrey, York, organ case

### With Brierly

* 1890 - All Saints' Church, Bolton Percy, restoration only
* 1895 - All Saints' Church, Rufforth
* 1897 - Midland Bank, Doncaster
# OSH

Osh is a city in Kyrgyzstan. Osh or OSH may also refer to:
* Osh (food), in Tajik and Uzbek cuisines
* Osh (singer) (born 1995), English singer and rapper
* OSH, the IATA code for Wittman Regional Airport near Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States

## As an acronym
### Places

* Old State House (disambiguation)
* Old Swinford Hospital, a school in Stourbridge, United Kingdom
* Oregon State Hospital, in Salem, Washington, United States
* Osawatomie State Hospital, in Osawatomie, Kansas, United States
* Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States, nicknamed "Osh"

### Science and technology

* Open-source hardware
* Outside hospital, a medical abbreviation

### Other uses

* Occupational safety and health
* Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States)
** OSHmail, an electronic newsletter from the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA)
* Old Speckled Hen, a beer produced by Greene King Brewery
* Orchard Supply Hardware, an American retailer
* Ordo Sancti Hieronymi, a religious order
# The Leopardess

The Leopardess is a 1923 American silent South Seas melodrama film produced by Famous Players–Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures. The film was directed by Henry Kolker, and starred Alice Brady in her next to last silent film.

## Cast

* Alice Brady as Tiare
* Edward Langford as Captain Croft
* Montagu Love as Scott Quaigg
* Charles Kent as Angus McKenzie
* George Beranger as Pepe (credited as George Andre Beranger)
* Marguerite Forrest as Evoa
* Glorie Eller as Mamoe

## Preservation

With no copies of The Leopardess listed in any film archives, it is thought to be a lost film.
# 2011 in Italy

Events of 2011 in Italy:

## Incumbents

* President: Giorgio Napolitano
* Prime Minister: Silvio Berlusconi (until 16 November), Mario Monti (starting 16 November)

## Silvio Berlusconi underage prostitution charges

* Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi is being investigated concerning allegations that he paid a 17-year-old girl for sex and that he lied and misused his power to have her released from police custody after she was arrested for theft.
* Berlusconi resigns as Prime Minister.

## Murder of Meredith Kercher

* Amanda Knox and Raffaele Sollecito had their murder convictions quashed and were released.

## Births

In 2011 there were an estimated 1.44 births (women)

## Deaths

* March 12 – Nilla Pizzi, 91, singer
* September 4 – Mino Martinazzoli, 79, politician
* September 13 – Walter Bonatti, 81, mountain climber and journalist
* September 26 – Sergio Bonelli, 78, publisher
* October 21 – Antonio Cassese, 74, jurist
* October 23 – Marco Simoncelli, 24, motorcycle racer
* December 25 – Giorgio Bocca, 91, essayist and journalist
* December 30 – Mirko Tremaglia, 85, politician
# Desi Romeos

Desi Romeos is a 2012 Punjabi film produced by Babbu Maan, starring Babbu Maan and Harjit Harman in lead roles.

## Cast

* Babbu Maan - Randhawa
* Harjit Harman - Sandhu
* Shilpa Dhar - Urmilla
* Jasneer Kaur - Lali
* Bhupinder Gill - DJ Jaggadi
* Bittu - Om
* Mitesh - Oshu
* Jasprem Dhillon - Mirza
* Raavi Bal - Ehsaaz
* Sherry Uppal - Manna

## Plot

Desi Romeos is the story of six boys who are popular in college for their music which leads to jealousy of Mirza group. Desi Romeos is also the story of their journey from the days of the hostel to house no. 55, where they stay on rent and where romance blossoms between them and the girls staying as PG in the house opposite them to the jail. Those who called upon by people as good for nothing, achieve success through their musical talent. 'Desi Romeos' contains much action, romance and music.

## Music

Music was released on 25 May.
Track Listings
* "Kabootri" (Remix)
* "Output Zero"
* "Sohaniyan"
* "Sardari"
* "Chandigarh"
* "Mutiyar"
* "Why Don't You"
* "Kabootri"
# Virginia Walbot

Virginia Walbot (born 1946) is an American agriculturalist and botanist who is a professor in the Department of Biology at Stanford University. She investigates maize development with a focus on factors involved in male sterility.

## Life

Walbot first began working with corn when she used to help grow and sell it on her family's farm in Southern California. Later in the 1970s she met Barbara McClintock, who was very influential. That is when Walbot began visiting McClintock's lab in Cold Spring Harbor and became devoted to studying maize development and reproduction.
In 1967, Walbot received a B.A. degree in biology at Stanford University. In 1969–1972, attended Yale to work on embryogenesis, where she earned an M.Phil. and Ph.D. She attended the University of Georgia on a postdoctoral appointment. She became a faculty Member at Washington University in St. Louis. Later Walbot returned to Stanford as a professor in the Department of Biology.
Walbot first worked with maize while working with Ed Coe in the University of Missouri.
Walbot participates in societies including the American Society for Cell Biology, AAAS, AIBS, Genetics Society, and International Society for Plant Molecular Biology
Published two books, Developmental Biology in 1987 and The Maize Handbook in 1993.

## Honors and awards

* Recognized as a Pioneer Member of the American Society of Plant Biologists.
* Corresponding Member, Mexican Academy of Sciences (2004)
* Hageman Lectureship, Kansas State University (2001)
* Joan V. Wood Lectureship, Indiana University (1999)
* Explorer Award, National Geographic Society (1998)
* Eppley Award, Eppley Foundation (1993)
* Fellow, Guggenheim Foundation (1987)
* Belk Award, Miami University of Ohio (1985)
* Fellow, American Assn. Advancement of Science (1981)
* Postdoctoral Fellowship, NIH (1972–1975)
* Predoctoral fellowship, NSF (1969–1972)