# Temporal information retrieval

Temporal information retrieval (T-IR) is an emerging area of research related to the field of information retrieval (IR) and a considerable number of sub-areas, positioning itself, as an important dimension in the context of the user information needs.
According to information theory science (Metzger, 2007), timeliness or currency is one of the key five aspects that determine a document's credibility besides relevance, accuracy, objectivity and coverage. One can provide many examples when the returned search results are of little value due to temporal problems such as obsolete data on weather, outdated information about a given company's earnings or information on already-happened or invalid predictions.
T-IR, in general, aims at satisfying these temporal needs and at combining traditional notions of document relevance with the so-called temporal relevance. This will enable the return of temporally relevant documents, thus providing a temporal overview of the results in the form of timeliness or similar structures. It also shows to be very useful for query understanding, query disambiguation, query classification, result diversification and so on.
This article contains a list of the most important research in temporal information retrieval (T-IR) and its related sub-areas. As several of the referred works are related with different research areas a single article can be found in more than one different table. For ease of reading the articles are categorized in a number of different sub-areas referring to its main scope, in detail.

## Temporal dynamics (T-dynamics)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Baeza, Y. (2002). Web Structure, Dynamics and Page Quality. In A. Laendar & A. Oliveira (Eds.), In Lecture Notes in Computer Science - SPIRE2002: 9th International Symposium on String Processing and Information Retrieval (Vol. 2476/2002, pp. 117 – 130). Lisbon, Portugal. September 11–13: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2002 | SPIRE | T-Dynamics |
| Cho, J., & Garcia-Molina, H. (2003). Estimating Frequency of Change. In TOIT: ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 3(3), 256 - 290. | 2003 | TOIT | T-Dynamics |
| A Large-Scale Study of the Evolution of Web Pages]. In WWW2003: Proceedings of the 12th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 669 – 678). Budapest, Hungary. May 20–24: ACM Press. | 2003 | WWW | T-Dynamics |
| Ntoulas, A., Cho, J., & Olston, C. (2004). What's New on the Web?: the Evolution of the Web from a Search Engine Perspective. In WWW2004: Proceedings of the 13th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 1 – 12). New York, NY, United States. May 17–22: ACM Press. | 2004 | WWW | T-Dynamics |
| Vlachos, M., Meek, C., Vagena, Z., & Gunopulos, D. (2004). Identifying Similarities, Periodicities and Bursts for Online Search Queries. In SIGMOD2004: Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of Data (pp. 131 – 142). Paris, France. June 13–18: ACM Press. | 2004 | SIGMOD | T-Dynamics |
| Beitzel, S. M., Jensen, E. C., Chowdhury, A., Frieder, O., & Grossman, D. (2007). Temporal analysis of a very large topically categorized Web query log. In JASIST: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(2), 166 - 178. | 2007 | JASIST | T-Dynamics |
| Jones, R., & Diaz, F. (2007). Temporal Profiles of Queries. In TOIS: ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 25(3). Article No.: 14. | 2007 | TOIS | TQ-Understanding |
| Bordino, I., Boldi, P., Donato, D., Santini, M., & Vigna, S. (2008). Temporal Evolution of the UK Web. In ADN2008: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Analysis of Dynamic Networks associated to ICDM2008: IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (pp. 909 – 918). Pisa, Italy. December 19: IEEE Computer Society Press. | 2008 | ICDM - ADN | T-Dynamics |
| Adar, E., Teevan, J., Dumais, S. T., & Elsas, J. L. (2009). The Web Changes Everything: Understanding the Dynamics of Web Content. In WSDM2009: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 282 – 291). Barcelona, Spain. February 9–12: ACM Press. | 2009 | WSDM | T-Dynamics |
| Metzler, D., Jones, R., Peng, F., & Zhang, R. (2009). Improving Search Relevance for Implicitly Temporal Queries. In SIGIR 2009: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 700 – 701). Boston, MA, United States. July 19–23: ACM Press. | 2009 | SIGIR | TQ-Understanding |
| Elsas, J. L., & Dumais, S. T. (2010). Leveraging Temporal Dynamics of Document Content in Relevance Ranking. In WSDM10: Third ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 1 – 10). New York, United States. February 3–06: ACM Press. | 2010 | WSDM | T-Dynamics |
| Jatowt, A., Kawai, H., Kanazawa, K., Tanaka, K., & Kunieda, K. (2010). Analyzing Collective View of Future, Time-referenced Events on the Web. In WWW2010: Proceedings of the 19th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 1123 – 1124). Raleigh, United States. April 26–30: ACM Press. | 2010 | WWW | F-IRetrieval |
| Aji, A., Agichtein, E. (2010). Deconstructing Interaction Dynamics in Knowledge Sharing Communities. In : Third International Conference on Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling, & Prediction (pp. 273 – 281). Washington DC, United States. March 30–31: Springer-Verlag. | 2010 | SBP | T-Dynamics |
| Kulkarni, A., Teevan, J., Svore, K. M., & Dumais, S. T. (2011). Understanding Temporal Query Dynamics. In WSDM2011: In Proceedings of the 4th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 167 – 176). Hong Kong, China. February 9–12: ACM Press. | 2011 | WSDM | T-Dynamics |
| Campos, R., Dias, G., & Jorge, A. M. (2011). What is the Temporal Value of Web Snippets? In TWAW 2011: Proceedings of the 1st International Temporal Web Analytics Workshop associated to WWW2011: 20th International World Wide Web Conference. Hyderabad, India. March 28.: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. | 2011 | WWW - TWAW | T-Dynamics |
| Campos, R., Jorge, A., & Dias, G. (2011). Using Web Snippets and Query-logs to Measure Implicit Temporal Intents in Queries. In QRU 2011: Proceedings of the Query Representation and Understanding Workshop associated to SIGIR2011: 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR 2011 Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, (pp. 13 – 16). Beijing, China. July 28. | 2011 | SIGIR - QRU | T-Dynamics |
| Shokouhi, M. (2011). Detecting Seasonal Queries by Time-Series Analysis. In SIGIR2011: In Proceedings of the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in Information (pp. 1171 – 1172). Beijing, China. July 24–28: ACM Press. | 2011 | SIGIR | T-Dynamics |
| Dias, G., Campos, R., & Jorge, A. (2011). Future Retrieval: What Does the Future Talk About? In ENIR 2011: Proceedings of the Enriching Information Retrieval Workshop associated to SIGIR2011: 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Beijing, China. July 28. | 2011 | SIGIR - ENIR | F-IRetrieval |
| Campos, R., Dias, G., & Jorge, A. M. (2011). An Exploratory Study on the impact of Temporal Features on the Classification and Clustering of Future-Related Web Documents. In L. Antunes, & H. S. Pinto (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence - Progress in Artificial Intelligence - EPIA2011: 15th Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence associated to APPIA: Portuguese Association for Artificial Intelligence (Vol. 7026/2011, pp. 581 – 596). Lisboa, Portugal. October 10–13: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2011 | EPIA | F-IRetrieval |
| Jatowt, A., & Yeung, C. M. (2011). Extracting Collective Expectations about the Future from Large Text Collections. In Proceedings of the CIKM2011: 20th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 1259 – 1264). Glasgow, Scotland, UK. October 24–28: ACM Press. | 2011 | CIKM | F-IRetrieval |
| Yeung, C.-m. A., & Jatowt, A. (2011). Studying How the Past is Remembered: Towards Computational History through Large Scale Text Mining. In Proceedings of the CIKM2011: 20th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 1231 – 1240). Glasgow, Scotland, UK. October 24–28: ACM Press. | 2011 | CIKM | C-Memory |
| Costa, M., & Silva, M. J., & Couto, F. M. (2014). Learning Temporal-Dependent Ranking Models. In Proceedings of the SIGIR2014: 37th Annual ACM SIGIR Conference (pp. 757–766). Gold Coast, Australia. July 6–11: ACM Press. | 2014 | SIGIR | T-RModels |

## Temporal markup languages (T-MLanguages)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Setzer, A., & Gaizauskas, R. (2000). Annotating Events and Temporal Information in Newswire Texts. In LREC2000: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Athens, Greece. May 31 - June 2: ELDA. | 2000 | LREC | T-MLanguages |
| Setzer, A. (2001). Temporal Information in Newswire Articles: An Annotation Scheme and Corpus Study. Sheffield, UK: University of Sheffield. | 2001 | Phd Thesis | T-MLanguages |
| Ferro, L., Mani, I., Sundheim, B., & Wilson, G. (2001). TIDES Temporal Annotation Guidelines. Version 1.0.2. Technical Report, MITRE Corporation, McLean, Virginia, United States. | 2001 | Technical Report | T-MLanguages |
| Pustejovsky, J., Castaño, J., Ingria, R., Sauri, R., Gaizauskas, R., Setzer, A., et al. (2003). TimeML: Robust Specification of Event and Temporal Expression in Text. In IWCS2003: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Computational Semantics, (pp. 28 – 34). Tilburg, Netherlands. January 15–17. | 2003 | IWCS | T-MLanguages |
| Ferro, L., Gerber, L., Mani, I., Sundheim, B., & Wilson, G. (2005). TIDES 2005 Standard for the Annotation of Temporal Expressions. Technical Report, MITRE Corporation, McLean, Virginia, United States. | 2005 | Technical Report | T-MLanguages |

## Temporal taggers (T-taggers)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope | Comments |
| TempEx Module - Tarsqi Toolkit - Mani, I., & Wilson, G. (2000). Robust Temporal Processing of News. In ACL2000: Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp. 69 – 76). Hong Kong, China. October 1–8: Association for Computational Linguistics. | 2000 | ACL | T-Taggers | |
| Annie - GATE distribution - Cunningham, H., Maynard, D., Bontcheva, K., & Tablan, V. (2002). GATE: A Framework And Graphical Development Environment For Robust NLP Tools And Applications. In ACL2002: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp. 168 – 175). Philadelphia, PA, United States. July 6–12: Association for Computational Linguistics. | 2002 | ACL | T-Taggers | |
| GUTime - Tarsqi Toolkit | 2002 | | T-Taggers | |
| HeidelTime - Strötgen, J., & Gertz, M. (2010). HeidelTime: High Quality Rule-based Extraction and Normalization of Temporal Expressions. In SemEval2010: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation associated to ACL2010: 41st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, (pp. 321 – 324). Uppsala, Sweden. July 11–16. | 2010 | ACL - SemEval | T-Taggers | |
| TIMEN Llorens, H., Derczynski, L., Gaizauskas, R. & Saquete, E. (2012). TIMEN: An Open Temporal Expression Normalisation Resource. In LREC2012: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Istanbul, Turkey. May 23–25. | 2012 | LREC | T-Taggers | |
| Chang, A., & Manning, C. (2012). SUTIME: A Library for Recognizing and Normalizing Time Expressions. In LREC2012: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Istanbul, Turkey. May 23–25. | 2012 | LREC | T-Taggers | |
| HeidelTime - Strötgen, J., & Gertz, M. (2012). Multilingual and cross-domain temporal tagging. In LRE: Language Resources and Evaluation, 1 - 30. | 2012 | LRE | T-Taggers | |
| ManTIME - Filannino, M., Brown, G. & Nenadic G. (2013). ManTIME: Temporal expression identification and normalization in the TempEval-3 challenge. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013), 53 - 57, Atlanta, Georgia, June 14–15, 2013. | 2013 | ACL - SemEval | T-Taggers | online demo |

## Temporal indexing (T-indexing)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Alonso, O., & Gertz, M. (2006). Clustering of Search Results using Temporal Attributes. In SIGIR 2006: Proceedings of the 29th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 597 – 598). Seattle, Washington, United States. August 6–11: ACM Press. | 2006 | SIGIR | T-Clustering |
| Berberich, K., Bedathur, S., Neumann, T., & Weikum, G. (2007). A Time Machine for Text Search. In SIGIR 2007: Proceedings of the 30th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 519 – 526). Amsterdam, Netherlands. July 23–27: ACM Press. | 2007 | SIGIR | W-Archives |
| Jin, P., Lian, J., Zhao, X., & Wan, S. (2008). TISE: A Temporal Search Engine for Web Contents. In IITA2008: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application (pp. 220 – 224). Shanghai, China. December 21–22: IEEE Computer Society Press. | 2008 | IITA | T-SEngine |
| Song, S., & JaJa, J. (2008). Archiving Temporal Web Information: Organization of Web Contents for Fast Access and Compact Storage. Technical Report UMIACS-TR-2008-08, University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, Maryland, MD, United States. | 2008 | Technical Report | W-Archives |
| Pasca, M. (2008). Towards Temporal Web Search. In SAC2008: Proceedings of the 23rd ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (pp. 1117 – 1121). Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. March 16–20: ACM Press. | 2008 | SAC | T-QAnswering |
| Alonso, O., Gertz, M., & Baeza-Yates, R. (2009). Clustering and Exploring Search Results using Timeline Constructions. In CIKM 2009: Proceedings of the 18th International ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. Hong Kong, China. November 2–6: ACM Press. | 2009 | CIKM | T-Clustering |
| Arikan, I., Bedathur, S., & Berberich, K. (2009). Time Will Tell: Leveraging Temporal Expressions in IR. In WSDM 2009: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. Barcelona, Spain. February 9–12: ACM Press. | 2009 | WSDM | T-RModels |
| Matthews, M., Tolchinsky, P., Blanco, R., Atserias, J., Mika, P., & Zaragoza, H. (2010). Searching through time in the New York Times. In HCIR2010: Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval, (pp. 41 – 44). New Brunswick, United States. August 22. | 2010 | HCIR | T-SEngine |
| Anand, A., Bedathur, S., Berberich, K., & Schenkel, R. (2010). Efficient temporal keyword search over versioned text. In CIKM2010: Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management, (pp. 699–708). Toronto, Canada. October 26–30. ACM Press. | 2010 | CIKM | W-Archives |
| Anand, A., Bedathur, S., Berberich, K., & Schenkel, R. (2011). Temporal index sharding for space-time efficiency in archive search. In SIGIR2011: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, (pp. 545–554). Beijing, China. July 24–28. ACM Press. | 2011 | SIGIR | T-Indexing |
| Anand, A., Bedathur, S., Berberich, K., & Schenkel, R. (2012). Index Maintenance for Time-Travel Text Search. In SIGIR2012: Proceedings of the 35th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, (pp. 235 – 243). Portland, United States. August 12–16. ACM Press. | 2012 | SIGIR | W-Archives |

## Temporal query understanding (TQ-understanding)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Vlachos, M., Meek, C., Vagena, Z., & Gunopulos, D. (2004). Identifying Similarities, Periodicities and Bursts for Online Search Queries. In SIGMOD2004: Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of Data (pp. 131 – 142). Paris, France. June 13–18: ACM Press. | 2004 | SIGMOD | T-Dynamics |
| Beitzel, S. M., Jensen, E. C., Chowdhury, A., Frieder, O., & Grossman, D. (2007). Temporal analysis of a very large topically categorized Web query log. In JASIST: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(2), 166 - 178. | 2007 | JASIST | T-Dynamics |
| Jones, R., & Diaz, F. (2007). Temporal Profiles of Queries. In TOIS: ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 25(3). Article No.: 14. | 2007 | TOIS | TQ-Understanding |
| Dakka, W., Gravano, L., & Ipeirotis, P. G. (2008). Answering General Time Sensitive Queries. In CIKM 2008: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 1437 – 1438). Napa Valley, California, United States. October 26–30: ACM Press. | 2008 | CIKM | TQ-Understanding |
| Diaz, F. (2009). Integration of News Content into Web Results. In WSDM2009: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 182 – 191). Barcelona, Spain. February 9–12: ACM Press. | 2009 | WSDM | TQ-Understanding |
| Metzler, D., Jones, R., Peng, F., & Zhang, R. (2009). Improving Search Relevance for Implicitly Temporal Queries. In SIGIR2009: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 700 – 701). Boston, MA, United States. July 19–23: ACM Press. | 2009 | SIGIR | TQ-Understanding |
| König, A. (2009). Click-Through Prediction for News Queries. In SIGIR2009: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 347 – 354). Boston, MA, United States. July 19–23: ACM Press. | 2009 | SIGIR | TQ-Understanding |
| Kawai, H., Jatowt, A., Tanaka, K., Kunieda, K., & Yamada, K. (2010). ChronoSeeker: Search Engine for Future and Past Events. In ICUIMC 2010: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uniquitous Information Management and Communication (pp. 166 – 175). Suwon, Republic of Korea. January 14–15: ACM Press. | 2010 | ICIUMC | T-SEngine |
| Dong, A., Chang, Y., Zheng, Z., Mishne, G., Bai, J., Zhang, R., et al. (2010). Towards Recency Ranking in Web Search. In WSDM2010: In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 11 – 20). New York, United States. February 3–6: ACM Press. | 2010 | WSDM | T-RModels |
| Kanhabua, N., & Nørvåg, K. (2010). Determining Time of Queries for Re-Ranking Search Results. In ECDL2010: Proceedings of the European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries. Glasgow, Scotland. September 6–10: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2010 | ECDL | TQ-Understanding |
| Zhang, R., Konda, Y., Dong, A., Kolari, P., Chang, Y., & Zheng, Z. (2010). Learning Recurrent Event Queries for Web Search. In EMNLP2010: Proceedings of the Conference on Empiral Methods in Natural Language Processing (pp. 1129 – 1139). Massachusetts, United States. October 9–11: Association for Computational Linguistics. | 2010 | EMNLP | TQ-Understanding |
| Kulkarni, A., Teevan, J., Svore, K. M., & Dumais, S. T. (2011). Understanding Temporal Query Dynamics. In WSDM2011: In Proceedings of the 4th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 167 – 176). Hong Kong, China. February 9–12: ACM Press. | 2011 | WSDM | T-Dynamics |
| Campos, R. (2011). Using k-top Retrieved Web Snippets to Date Temporal Implicit Queries based on Web Content Analysis. In SIGIR 2011: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (p. 1325). Beijing, China. July 24–28.: ACM Press. | 2011 | SIGIR | TQ-Understanding |
| Campos, R., Jorge, A., & Dias, G. (2011). Using Web Snippets and Query-logs to Measure Implicit Temporal Intents in Queries. In QRU 2011: Proceedings of the Query Representation and Understanding Workshop associated to SIGIR2011: 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR 2005 Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, (pp. 13 – 16). Beijing, China. July 28. | 2011 | SIGIR - QRU | T-Dynamics |
| Shokouhi, M. (2011). Detecting Seasonal Queries by Time-Series Analysis. In SIGIR 2011: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 1171 – 1172). Beijing, China. July 24–28.: ACM Press. | 2011 | SIGIR | TQ-Understanding |
| Campos, R., Dias, G., Jorge, A., & Nunes, C. (2012). Enriching Temporal Query Understanding through Date Identification: How to Tag Implicit Temporal Queries? In TWAW 2012: Proceedings of the 2nd International Temporal Web Analytics Workshop associated to WWW2012: 20th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 41 – 48). Lyon, France. April 17.: ACM - DL. | 2012 | WWW - TWAW | TQ-Understanding |
| Shokouhi, M., & Radinsky, K. (2012). Time-Sensitive Query Auto-Completion. In SIGIR 2012: Proceedings of the 35th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 601 – 610). Portland, United States. August 12–16.: ACM Press. | 2012 | SIGIR | TQ-Understanding |
| Campos, R., Dias, G., Jorge, A., & Nunes, C. (2012). GTE: A Distributional Second-Order Co-Occurrence Approach to Improve the Identification of Top Relevant Dates In CIKM 2012: Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 2035 – 2039). Maui, Hawaii, United States. October 29 - November 2.: ACM Press. | 2012 | CIKM | TQ-Understanding |
| Campos, R., Jorge, A., Dias, G., & Nunes, C. (2012). Disambiguating Implicit Temporal Queries by Clustering Top Relevant Dates in Web Snippets In WIC 2012: Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, Vol. 1, (pp. 1 – 8). Macau, China. December 4–07. | 2012 | WIC | T-Clustering |

## Time-aware retrieval/ranking models (T-RModels)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Li, X., & Croft, B. W. (2003). Time-Based Language Models. In CIKM 2003: Proceedings of the 12th International ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 469 – 475). New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. November 2–8: ACM Press. | 2003 | CIKM | T-RModels |
| Sato, N., Uehara, M., & Sakai, Y. (2003). Temporal Information Retrieval in Cooperative Search Engine. In DEXA2003: Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (pp. 215 – 220). Prague, Czech Republic. September 1–5: IEEE. | 2003 | DEXA | T-RModels |
| Berberich, K., Vazirgiannis, M., & Weikum, G. (2005). Time-Aware Authority Ranking. In IM: Internet Mathematics, 2(3), 301 - 332. | 2005 | IM | T-RModels |
| Cho, J., Roy, S., & Adams, R. (2005). Page Quality: In Search of an Unbiased Web Ranking. In SIGMOD2005: Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of Data (pp. 551 – 562). Baltimore, United States. June 13–16: ACM Press. | 2005 | SIGMOD | T-RModels |
| Perkiö, J., Buntine, W., & Tirri, H. (2005). A Temporally Adaptative Content-Based Relevance Ranking Algorithm. In SIGIR 2005: Proceedings of the 28th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 647 – 648). Salvador, Brazil. August 15–16: ACM Press. | 2005 | SIGIR | T-RModels |
| Jones, R., & Diaz, F. (2007). Temporal Profiles of Queries. In TOIS: ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 25(3). Article No.: 14. | 2007 | TOIS | TQ-Understanding |
| Pasca, M. (2008). Towards Temporal Web Search. In SAC2008: Proceedings of the 23rd ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (pp. 1117 – 1121). Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. March 16–20: ACM Press. | 2008 | SAC | T-QAnswering |
| Dakka, W., Gravano, L., & Ipeirotis, P. G. (2008). Answering General Time Sensitive Queries. In CIKM 2008: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 1437 – 1438). Napa Valley, California, United States. October 26–30: ACM Press. | 2008 | CIKM | TQ-Understanding |
| Jin, P., Lian, J., Zhao, X., & Wan, S. (2008). TISE: A Temporal Search Engine for Web Contents. In IITA2008: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application (pp. 220 – 224). Shanghai, China. December 21–22: IEEE Computer Society Press. | 2008 | IITA | T-SEngine |
| Arikan, I., Bedathur, S., & Berberich, K. (2009). Time Will Tell: Leveraging Temporal Expressions in IR. In WSDM 2009: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. Barcelona, Spain. February 9–12: ACM Press. | 2009 | WSDM | T-RModels |
| Zhang, R., Chang, Y., Zheng, Z., Metzler, D., & Nie, J.-y. (2009). Search Result Re-ranking by Feedback Control Adjustment for Time-sensitive Query. In NAACL2009: Proceedings of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics - Human Language Technologies, (pp. 165 – 168). Boulder, Colorado, United States. May 31 - June 5. | 2009 | NAACL | T-RModels |
| Metzler, D., Jones, R., Peng, F., & Zhang, R. (2009). Improving Search Relevance for Implicitly Temporal Queries. In SIGIR 2009: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 700 – 701). Boston, MA, United States. July 19–23: ACM Press. | 2009 | SIGIR | TQ-Understanding |
| Alonso, O., Gertz, M., & Baeza-Yates, R. (2009). Clustering and Exploring Search Results using Timeline Constructions. In CIKM 2009: Proceedings of the 18th International ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. Hong Kong, China. November 2–6: ACM Press. | 2009 | CIKM | T-Clustering |
| Kawai, H., Jatowt, A., Tanaka, K., Kunieda, K., & Yamada, K. (2010). ChronoSeeker: Search Engine for Future and Past Events. In ICUIMC 2010: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uniquitous Information Management and Communication (pp. 166 – 175). Suwon, Republic of Korea. January 14–15: ACM Press. | 2010 | ICIUMC | T-SEngine |
| Elsas, J. L., & Dumais, S. T. (2010). Leveraging Temporal Dynamics of Document Content in Relevance Ranking. In WSDM10: Third ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 1 – 10). New York, United States. February 3–06: ACM Press. | 2010 | WSDM | T-Dynamics |
| Aji, A., Wang, Y., Agichtein, E., Gabrilovich, E. (2010). Using the Past to Score the Present: Extending Term Weighting Models Through Revision History Analysis In CIKM 2010: Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 629 – 638). Toronto, ON, Canada. October 26 - October 30: ACM Press. | 2010 | CIKM | T-RModels |
| Dong, A., Chang, Y., Zheng, Z., Mishne, G., Bai, J., Zhang, R., et al. (2010). Towards Recency Ranking in Web Search. In WSDM2010: In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 11 – 20). New York, United States. February 3–6: ACM Press. | 2010 | WSDM | T-RModels |
| Berberich, K., Bedathur, S., Alonso, O., & Weikum, G. (2010). A Language Modeling Approach for Temporal Information Needs. In C. Gurrin, Y. He, G. Kazai, U. Kruschwitz, S. Little, T. Roelleke, et al. (Eds.), In Lecture Notes in Computer Science - Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECIR 2010: 32nd European Conference on Information Retrieval (Vol. 5993/2010, pp. 13 – 25). Milton Keynes, UK. March 28–31: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2010 | ECIR | T-RModels |
| Dong, A., Zhang, R., Kolari, P., Jing, B., Diaz, F., Chang, Y., Zheng, Z., & Zha, H. (2010). Time is of the Essence: Improving Recency Ranking Using Twitter Data. In WWW2010: Proceedings of the 19th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 331 – 340). Raleigh, United States. April 26–30: ACM Press. | 2010 | WWW | T-RModels |
| Inagaki, Y., Sadagopan, N., Dupret, G., Dong, A., Liao, C., Chang, Y., & Zheng, Z. (2010). Session Based Click Features for Recency Ranking. In AAAI2010: Proceedings of the 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 331 – 340). Atlanta, United States. June 11–15: AAAI Press. | 2010 | AAAI | T-RModels |
| Dai, N., & Davison, B. (2010). Freshness Matters: In Flowers, Food, and Web Authority. In SIGIR 2010: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 114 – 121). Geneve, Switzerland. July 19–23: ACM Press. | 2010 | SIGIR | T-RModels |
| Matthews, M., Tolchinsky, P., Blanco, R., Atserias, J., Mika, P., & Zaragoza, H. (2010). Searching through time in the New York Times. In HCIR2010: Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval, (pp. 41 – 44). New Brunswick, United States. August 22. | 2010 | HCIR | T-SEngine |
| Kanhabua, N., & Nørvåg, K. (2010). Determining Time of Queries for Re-Ranking Search Results. In ECDL2010: Proceedings of the European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries. Glasgow, Scotland. September 6–10: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2010 | ECDL | TQ-Understanding |
| Efron, M., & Golovchinsky, G. (2011). Estimation Methods for Ranking Recent Information. In SIGIR 2011: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 495 – 504). Beijing, China. July 24–28.: ACM Press. | 2011 | SIGIR | T-RModels |
| Dai, N., Shokouhi, M., & Davison, B. D. (2011). Learning to Rank for Freshness and Relevance. In SIGIR 2011: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 95 – 104). Beijing, China. July 24–28.: ACM Press. | 2011 | SIGIR | T-RModels |
| Kanhabua, N., Blanco, R., & Matthews, M. (2011). Ranking Related News Predictions. In SIGIR 2011: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 755 – 764). Beijing, China. July 24–28: ACM Press. | 2011 | SIGIR | F-IRetrieval |
| Chang, P-T., Huang, Y-C., Yang, C-L., Lin, S-D., & Cheng, P-J. (2012). Learning-Based Time-Sensitive Re-Ranking for Web Search. In Proceedings of the SIGIR2012: 35th Annual International ACM SIGIR 2012 Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, (pp. 1101 – 1102). Portland, United States. August 12–16. | 2012 | SIGIR | T-RModels |
| Efron, M. (2012). Query-Specific Recency Ranking: Survival Analysis for Improved Microblog Retrieval. In TAIA 2012: Proceedings of the Time-Aware Information Access Workshop associated to SIGIR2012: 35th Annual International ACM SIGIR 2012 Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Portland, United States. August 16. | 2012 | SIGIR - TAIA | T-RModels |
| Kanhabua, N., & Nørvåg, K. (2012). Learning to Rank Search Results for Time-Sensitive Queries In CIKM 2012: Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 2463 – 2466). Maui, Hawaii, United States. October 29 - November 2.: ACM Press. | 2012 | CIKM | T-RModels |
| Kim G., and Xing E. P. (2013). Time-Sensitive Web Image Ranking and Retrieval via Dynamic Multi-Task Regression. In WSDM2013: Proceedings of the 6th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 163 – 172). Rome, Italy. February 4–8: ACM Press. | 2013 | WSDM | T-IRetrieval |
| Costa, M., & Silva, M. J., & Couto, F. M. (2014). Learning Temporal-Dependent Ranking Models. In Proceedings of the SIGIR2014: 37th Annual ACM SIGIR Conference (pp. 757–766). Gold Coast, Australia. July 6–11: ACM Press. | 2014 | SIGIR | T-RModels |

## Temporal clustering (T-clustering)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Shaparenko, B., Caruana, R., Gehrke, J., & Joachims, T. (2005). Identifying Temporal Patterns and Key Players in Document Collections. In TDM2005: Proceedings of the Workshop on Temporal Data Mining associated to ICDM2005 (pp. 165 – 174). Houston, United States. November 27–30: IEEE Press. | 2005 | ICDM - TDM | TDT |
| Alonso, O., & Gertz, M. (2006). Clustering of Search Results using Temporal Attributes. In SIGIR 2006: Proceedings of the 29th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 597 – 598). Seattle, Washington, United States. August 6–11: ACM Press. | 2006 | SIGIR | T-Clustering |
| Mori, M., Miura, T., & Shioya, I. (2006). Topic Detection and Tracking for News Web Pages. In WIC2006: IEEE Main Conference Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (pp. 338 – 342). Hong Kong, China. December 18–22: IEEE Computer Society Press. | 2006 | WIC | TDT |
| Alonso, O., Baeza-Yates, R., & Gertz, M. (2007). Exploratory Search Using Timelines. In ESCHI: Proceedings of the Workshop on Exploratory Search and Computer Human Interaction associated to CHI2007: SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. San Jose, CA, United States. April 29: ACM Press. | 2007 | CHI - ESCHI | T-SEngine |
| Jatowt, A., Kawai, H., Kanazawa, K., Tanaka, K., & Kunieda, K. (2009). Supporting Analysis of Future-Related Information in News Archives and the Web. In JCDL2009: Proceedings of the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (pp. 115 – 124). Austin, United States. June 15–19.: ACM Press. | 2009 | JCDL | F-IRetrieval |
| Campos, R., Dias, G., & Jorge, A. (2009). Disambiguating Web Search Results By Topic and Temporal Clustering: A Proposal. In KDIR2009: Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval, (pp. 292 – 296). Funchal - Madeira, Portugal. October 6–8. | 2009 | KDIR | T-Clustering |
| Alonso, O., Gertz, M., & Baeza-Yates, R. (2009). Clustering and Exploring Search Results using Timeline Constructions. In CIKM 2009: Proceedings of the 18th International ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. Hong Kong, China. November 2–6: ACM Press. | 2009 | CIKM | T-Clustering |
| Kawai, H., Jatowt, A., Tanaka, K., Kunieda, K., & Yamada, K. (2010). ChronoSeeker: Search Engine for Future and Past Events. In ICUIMC 2010: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uniquitous Information Management and Communication (pp. 166 – 175). Suwon, Republic of Korea. January 14–15: ACM Press. | 2010 | ICIUMC | T-SEngine |
| Jatowt, A., & Yeung, C. M. (2011). Extracting Collective Expectations about the Future from Large Text Collections. In Proceedings of the CIKM2011: 20th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 1259 – 1264). Glasgow, Scotland, UK. October: ACM Press. | 2011 | CIKM | F-IRetrieval |
| Campos, R., Jorge, A., Dias, G., & Nunes, C. (2012). Disambiguating Implicit Temporal Queries by Clustering Top Relevant Dates in Web Snippets In WIC 2012: Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, Vol. 1, (pp. 1 – 8). Macau, China. December 4–07. | 2012 | WIC | T-Clustering |

## Temporal text classification (T-classification)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope | Comments |
| Jong, F., Rode, H., & Hiemstra, D. (2006). Temporal Language Models for the Disclosure of Historical Text. In AHC2005: Proceedings of the XVIth International Conference of the Association for History and Computing (pp. 161 – 168). Amsterdam, Netherlands. September 14–17 | 2005 | AHC | T-Classification | |
| Toyoda, M., & Kitsuregawa, M. (2006). What's Really New on the Web? Identifying New Pages from a Series of Unstable Web Snapshots. In WWW2006: Proceedings of the 15th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 233 – 241). Edinburgh, Scotland. May 23–26: ACM Press. | 2006 | WWW | T-Classification | |
| Nunes, S., Ribeiro, C., & David, G. (2007). Using Neighbors to Date Web Documents. In WIDM2007: Proceedings of the 9th ACM International Workshop on Web Information and Data Management associated to CIKM2007: 16th International Conference on Knowledge and Information Management (pp. 129 – 136). Lisboa, Portugal. November 9: ACM Press. | 2007 | CIKM - WIDM | T-Classification | |
| Jatowt, A., Kawai, Y., & Tanaka, K. (2007). Detecting Age of Page Content. In WIDM2007: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Web Information and Data Management associated to CIKM2007: 16th International Conference on Knowledge and Information Management (pp. 137 – 144). Lisbon. Portugal. November 9.: ACM Press. | 2007 | CIKM - WIDM | T-Classification | |
| Kanhabua, N., & Nørvåg, K. (2008). Improving Temporal Language Models for Determining Time of Non-timestamped Documents. In Christensen-Dalsgaard, B., Castelli, D., Jurik, B. A., Lippincott, J. (Eds.), In Lecture Notes in Computer Science - Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2008: 12th European Conference on Research and Advances Technology for Digital Libraries (Vol. 5173/2008, pp. 358 – 370). Aarhus, Denmark. September 14–19: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2008 | ECDL | T-Classification | |
| Jatowt, A., & Yeung, C. M. (2011). Extracting Collective Expectations about the Future from Large Text Collections. In Proceedings of the CIKM2011: 20th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 1259 – 1264). Glasgow, Scotland, UK. October: ACM Press. | 2011 | CIKM | F-IRetrieval | |
| Strötgen, J., Alonso, O., & Gertz, M. (2012). Identification of Top Relevant Temporal Expressions in Documents. In TWAW 2012: Proceedings of the 2nd International Temporal Web Analytics Workshop associated to WWW2012: 20th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 33 – 40). Lyon, France. April 17: ACM - DL. | 2012 | WWW - TWAW | T-Classification | |
| Filannino, M., and Nenadic, G. (2014). Mining temporal footprints from Wikipedia. In Proceedings of the First AHA!-Workshop on Information Discovery in Text (Dublin, Ireland, August 2014), Association for Computational Linguistics and Dublin City University, pp. 7–13. | 2014 | COLING | T-Classification | online demo |

## Temporal visualization (T-interfaces)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Swan, R., & Allan, J. (2000). Automatic Generation of Overview Timelines. In SIGIR 2000: Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 49 – 56). Athens, Greece. July 24–28: ACM Press. | 2000 | SIGIR | TDT |
| Swan, R., & Jensen, D. (2000). TimeMines: Constructing Timelines with Statistical Models of Word Usage. In M. Grobelnik, D. Mladenic, & N. Milic-Frayling (Ed.), TM2000: Proceedings of the Workshop on Text Mining associated to KDD2000: 6th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (pp. 73 – 80). Boston, Massachusetts, United States. August 20–23: ACM Press. | 2000 | KDD - TM | TDT |
| Google Ngram Viewer | | | T-Interfaces |
| Cousins, S., & Kahn, M. (1991). The Visual Display of Temporal Information. (E. Keravnou, Ed.) In AIM: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 3(6), 341 - 357. | 1991 | AIM | T-Interfaces |
| Karam, G. M. (1994). Visualization Using Timelines. In T. J. Ostrand (Ed.), ISSTA1994: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis associated to SIGSOFT: ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering (pp. 125 – 137). Seattle, Washington, United States. August 17–19: ACM Press. | 1994 | ISSTA | T-Interfaces |
| Plaisant, C., Miiash, B., Rose, A., Widoff, S., & Shneiderman, B. (1996). LifeLines: Visualizing Personal Histories. In CHI1996: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 221 – 227). Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. April 13–18: ACM Press. | 1996 | CHI | T-Interfaces |
| Toyoda, M., & Kitsuregawa, M. (2005). A System for Visualizing and Analyzing the Evolution of the Web with a Time Series of Graphs. In HT2005: Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia (pp. 151 – 160). Salzburg, Austria. September 6–9: ACM Press. | 2005 | HT | W-Archives |
| Efendioglu, D., Faschetti, C., & Parr, T. (2006). Chronica: a temporal web search engine. In D. Wolber, N. Calder, & ,. C. Brooks (Ed.), ICWE2006: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Web Engineering (pp. 119 – 120). Palo Alto, California, United States. July 11–14: ACM Press. | 2006 | ICWE | W-Archives |
| Catizone, R., Dalli, A., & Wilks, Y. (2006). Evaluating Automatically Generated Timelines from the Web. In LREC2006: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Genoa, Italy. May 24–26: ELDA. | 2006 | LREC | T-Interfaces |
| Mori, M., Miura, T., & Shioya, I. (2006). Topic Detection and Tracking for News Web Pages. In WIC2006: IEEE Main Conference Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (pp. 338 – 342). Hong Kong, China. December 18–22: IEEE Computer Society Press. | 2006 | WIC | TDT |
| Alonso, O., Baeza-Yates, R., & Gertz, M. (2007). Exploratory Search Using Timelines. In ESCHI: Proceedings of the Workshop on Exploratory Search and Computer Human Interaction associated to CHI2007: SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. San Jose, CA, United States. April 29: ACM Press. | 2007 | CHI - ESCHI | T-SEngine |
| Jatowt, A., Kawai, Y., & Tanaka, K. (2008). Visualizing Historical Content of Web pages. In WWW2008: Proceedings of the 17th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 1221 – 1222). Beijing, China. April 21–25: ACM Press. | 2008 | WWW | W-Archives |
| Nunes, S., Ribeiro, C., & David, G. (2008). WikiChanges - Exposing Wikipedia Revision Activity. In WikiSym2008: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Wikis. Porto, Portugal. September 8–10: ACM Press. | 2008 | WikiSym | T-Interfaces |
| Nunes, S., Ribeiro, C., & David, G. (2009). Improving Web User Experience with Document Activity Sparklines. In L. S. Lopes, N. Lau, P. Mariano, & L. Rocha (Ed.), EPIA2009: Proceedings of the 14th Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence associated to APPIA: Portuguese Association for Artificial Intelligence, (pp. 601 – 604). Aveiro, Portugal. October 12–15. | 2009 | EPIA | T-Interfaces |
| Kawai, H., Jatowt, A., Tanaka, K., Kunieda, K., & Yamada, K. (2010). ChronoSeeker: Search Engine for Future and Past Events. In ICUIMC 2010: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uniquitous Information Management and Communication (pp. 166 – 175). Suwon, Republic of Korea. January 14–15: ACM Press. | 2010 | ICIUMC | T-SEngine |
| Matthews, M., Tolchinsky, P., Blanco, R., Atserias, J., Mika, P., & Zaragoza, H. (2010). Searching through time in the New York Times. In HCIR2010: Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval, (pp. 41 – 44). New Brunswick, United States. August 22. | 2010 | HCIR | T-SEngine |
| Khurana, U., Nguyen V., Cheng H., Ahn, J., Chen X., & Shneiderman, B. (2011). Visual Analysis of Temporal Trends in Social Networks Using Edge Color Coding and Metric Timelines. In : Proceedings of the IEEE Social Computing, (pp. 549 – 554). Boston, United States. | 2011 | SocialCom | T-Interfaces |

## Temporal search engines (T-SEngine)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Alonso, O., & Gertz, M. (2006). Clustering of Search Results using Temporal Attributes. In SIGIR 2006: Proceedings of the 29th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 597 – 598). Seattle, Washington, United States. August 6–11: ACM Press. | 2006 | SIGIR | T-Clustering |
| Alonso, O., Baeza-Yates, R., & Gertz, M. (2007). Exploratory Search Using Timelines. In ESCHI: Proceedings of the Workshop on Exploratory Search and Computer Human Interaction associated to CHI2007: SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. San Jose, CA, United States. April 29: ACM Press. | 2007 | CHI - ESCHI | T-SEngine |
| Jin, P., Lian, J., Zhao, X., & Wan, S. (2008). TISE: A Temporal Search Engine for Web Contents. In IITA2008: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application (pp. 220 – 224). Shanghai, China. December 21–22: IEEE Computer Society Press. | 2008 | IITA | T-SEngine |
| Alonso, O., Gertz, M., & Baeza-Yates, R. (2009). Clustering and Exploring Search Results using Timeline Constructions. In CIKM 2009: Proceedings of the 18th International ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. Hong Kong, China. November 2–6: ACM Press. | 2009 | CIKM | T-Clustering |
| Kawai, H., Jatowt, A., Tanaka, K., Kunieda, K., & Yamada, K. (2010). ChronoSeeker: Search Engine for Future and Past Events. In ICUIMC 2010: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uniquitous Information Management and Communication (pp. 166 – 175). Suwon, Republic of Korea. January 14–15: ACM Press. | 2010 | ICIUMC | T-SEngine |
| Matthews, M., Tolchinsky, P., Blanco, R., Atserias, J., Mika, P., & Zaragoza, H. (2010). Searching through time in the New York Times. In HCIR2010: Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval, (pp. 41 – 44). New Brunswick, United States. August 22. | 2010 | HCIR | T-SEngine |

## Temporal question answering (T-QAnswering)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope | Comments |
| Pasca, M. (2008). Towards Temporal Web Search. In SAC2008: Proceedings of the 23rd ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (pp. 1117 – 1121). Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. March 16–20: ACM Press. | 2008 | SAC | T-QAnswering | |

## Temporal snippets (T-snippets)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Alonso, O., Baeza-Yates, R., & Gertz, M. (2009). Effectiveness of Temporal Snippets. In WSSP2009: Proceedings of the Workshop on Web Search Result Summarization and Presentation associated to WWW2009: 18th International World Wide Web Conference. Madrid, Spain. April 20–24: ACM Press. | 2009 | WWW - WSSP | T-Snippets |
| Alonso, O., Gertz, M., & Baeza-Yates, R. (2011). Enhancing Document Snippets Using Temporal Information. In R. Grossi, F. Sebastiani, & F. Silvestri (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, SPIRE2011: 18th International Symposium on String Processing and Information Retrieval (Vol. 7024, pp. 26 – 31). Pisa, Italy. October 17–21.: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2011 | SPIRE | T-Snippets |
| Svore, K. M., Teevan, J., Dumais, S. T., & Kulkarni, A. (2012). Creating Temporally Dynamic Web Search Snippets. In SIGIR2012: Proceedings of the 35th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, (pp. 1045 – 1046). Portland, United States. August 12–16. ACM Press | 2012 | SIGIR | T-Snippets |

## Future information retrieval (F-IRetrieval)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Baeza-Yates, R. (2005). Searching the Future. In S. Dominich, I. Ounis, & J.-Y. Nie (Ed.), MFIR2005: Proceedings of the Mathematical/Formal Methods in Information Retrieval Workshop associated to SIGIR 2005: 28th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Salvador, Brazil. August 15–19: ACM Press. | 2005 | SIGIR - MFIR | F-IRetrieval |
| Jatowt, A., Kawai, H., Kanazawa, K., Tanaka, K., & Kunieda, K. (2009). Supporting Analysis of Future-Related Information in News Archives and the Web. In JCDL2009: Proceedings of the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (pp. 115 – 124). Austin, United States. June 15–19.: ACM Press. | 2009 | JCDL | F-IRetrieval |
| Kawai, H., Jatowt, A., Tanaka, K., Kunieda, K., & Yamada, K. (2010). ChronoSeeker: Search Engine for Future and Past Events. In ICUIMC 2010: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uniquitous Information Management and Communication (pp. 166 – 175). Suwon, Republic of Korea. January 14–15: ACM Press. | 2010 | ICIUMC | T-SEngine |
| Jatowt, A., Kawai, H., Kanazawa, K., Tanaka, K., & Kunieda, K. (2010). Analyzing Collective View of Future, Time-referenced Events on the Web. In WWW2010: Proceedings of the 19th International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 1123 – 1124). Raleigh, United States. April 26–30: ACM Press. | 2010 | WWW | F-IRetrieval |
| Matthews, M., Tolchinsky, P., Blanco, R., Atserias, J., Mika, P., & Zaragoza, H. (2010). Searching through time in the New York Times. In HCIR2010: Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval, (pp. 41 – 44). New Brunswick, United States. August 22. | 2010 | HCIR | T-SEngine |
| Dias, G., Campos, R., & Jorge, A. (2011). Future Retrieval: What Does the Future Talk About? In ENIR 2011: Proceedings of the Enriching Information Retrieval Workshop associated to SIGIR2011: 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Beijing, China. July 28. | 2011 | SIGIR - ENIR | F-IRetrieval |
| Kanhabua, N., Blanco, R., & Matthews, M. (2011). Ranking Related News Predictions. In SIGIR 2011: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 755 – 764). Beijing, China. July 24–28: ACM Press. | 2011 | SIGIR | F-IRetrieval |
| Kanazawa, K., Jatowt, A., & Tanaka, K. (2011). Improving Retrieval of Future-Related Information in Text Collections. In 2011/ WIC2011: IEEE Main Conference Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (pp. 278 – 283). Lyon, France. August 22–27: IEEE Computer Society Press. | 2011 | WIC | F-IRetrieval |
| Campos, R., Dias, G., & Jorge, A. M. (2011). An Exploratory Study on the impact of Temporal Features on the Classification and Clustering of Future-Related Web Documents. In L. Antunes, & H. S. Pinto (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence - Progress in Artificial Intelligence - EPIA2011: 15th Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence associated to APPIA: Portuguese Association for Artificial Intelligence (Vol. 7026/2011, pp. 581 – 596). Lisboa, Portugal. October 10–13: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2011 | EPIA | F-IRetrieval |
| Jatowt, A., & Yeung, C. M. (2011). Extracting Collective Expectations about the Future from Large Text Collections. In Proceedings of the CIKM2011: 20th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 1259 – 1264). Glasgow, Scotland, UK. October: ACM Press. | 2011 | CIKM | F-IRetrieval |
| Weerkamp, W., & Rijke, M. (2012). Activity Prediction: A Twitter-based Exploration. In TAIA 2012: Proceedings of the Time-Aware Information Access Workshop associated to SIGIR2012: 35th Annual International ACM SIGIR 2012 Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Portland, United States. August 16. | 2012 | SIGIR - TAIA | F-IRetrieval |
| Radinski, K., & Horvitz, E. (2013). Mining the Web to Predict Future Events. In WSDM2013: Proceedings of the 6th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 255 – 264). Rome, Italy. February 4–8: ACM Press. | 2013 | WSDM | F-IRetrieval |

## Temporal image retrieval (T-IRetrieval)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Dias, G., Moreno, J. G., Jatowt, A., & Campos, R. (2012). Temporal Web Image Retrieval. In Calderón-Benavides, L., González-Caro, C., Chávez, E., Ziviani, N. (Eds.), In Lecture Notes in Computer Science - SPIRE2012: 19th International Symposium on String Processing and Information Retrieval (Vol. 7608/2012, pp. 199 – 204). Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. October 21–25: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2012 | SPIRE | T-IRetrieval |
| Palermo, F., Hays, J., & Efros, A. (2012). Dating Historical Color Images. In Fitzgibbon, A., Lazebnik, S., Sato, Y., Schmid, C. (Eds.), In Lecture Notes in Computer Science - ECCV2012: 12th European Conference on Computer Vision (Vol. 7577/2012, pp. 499 – 512). Firenze, Italy. October 7–13: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2012 | ECCV | T-IRetrieval |
| Kim, G., & Xing, E. P. (2013). Time-Sensitive Web Image Ranking and Retrieval via Dynamic Multi-Task Regression. In WSDM2013: Proceedings of the 6th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 163 – 172). Rome, Italy. February 4–8: ACM Press. | 2013 | WSDM | T-IRetrieval |
| Martin, P., Doucet, A., & Jurie, F. (2014). Dating Color Images with Ordinal Classification. In ICMR2014: Proceedings of International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval (pp. 447). Glasgow, United Kingdom. April 1–04: ACM Press. | 2014 | ICMR | T-IRetrieval |

## Collective memory (C-memory)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Surowiecki, J. (2004). The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the Many Are Smarter Than the Few and How Collective Wisdom Shapes Business, Economies, Societies and Nations. USA: DoubleDay. | 2004 | | C-Memory |
| Hall, D., Jurafsky, D., & Manning, C. D. (2008). Studying the History of Ideas using Topic Models. In EMNLP 2008: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (pp. 363 – 371). Waikiki, Honolulu, Hawaii. October 25–27: Association for Computational Linguistics. | 2008 | EMNLP | C-Memory |
| Shahaf, D., & Guestrin, C. (2010). Connecting the dots between News Articles. In KDD2010: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (pp. 623 – 632). Washington, United States. July 25–28: ACM Press. | 2010 | KDD | C-Memory |
| Takahashi, Y., Ohshima, H., Yamamoto, M., Iwasaki, H., Oyama, S., & Tanaka, K. (2011). Evaluating Significance of Historical Entities based on Tempo-spatial Impacts Analysis using Wikipedia Link Structure. In HT2011: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia (pp. 83 – 92). Eindhoven, Netherlands. June 6–9: ACM Press. | 2011 | HT | C-Memory |
| Michel, J.-B., Shen, Y. K., Aiden, A. P., Veres, A., Gray, M. K., Team, T. G., et al. (2011). Quantitative Analysis of Culture Using Millions of Digitized Books. In Science, 331(6014), 176 - 182. | 2011 | Science | C-Memory |
| Yeung, C.-m. A., & Jatowt, A. (2011). Studying How the Past is Remembered: Towards Computational History through Large Scale Text Mining. In Proceedings of the CIKM2011: 20th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 1231 – 1240). Glasgow, Scotland, UK. October 24–28: ACM Press. | 2011 | CIKM | C-Memory |

## Web archives (W-archives)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| List of Web Archive Initiatives | 2011 | | W-Archives |
| Kahle, B. (1997, 03). Preserving the Internet. In Scientific American Magazine, 276(3), pp. 72 – 73. | 1997 | SAM | W-Archives |
| Toyoda, M., & Kitsuregawa, M. (2005). A System for Visualizing and Analyzing the Evolution of the Web with a Time Series of Graphs. In HT2005: Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia (pp. 151 – 160). Salzburg, Austria. September 6–9: ACM Press. | 2005 | HT | W-Archives |
| Efendioglu, D., Faschetti, C., & Parr, T. (2006). Chronica: a temporal web search engine. In D. Wolber, N. Calder, & ,. C. Brooks (Ed.), ICWE2006: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Web Engineering (pp. 119 – 120). Palo Alto, California, United States. July 11–14: ACM Press. | 2006 | ICWE | W-Archives |
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## Topic detection and tracking (TDT)

| Reference | Year | Conference/Journal | Main Scope |
| Allan, J., Carbonell, J., Doddington, G., & Yamron, J. (1998). Topic Detection and Tracking Pilot Study Final Report. In Proceedings of the DARPA Broadcast News Transcription and Understanding Workshop, (pp. 194 – 218). Lansdowne, Virginia, United States. February. | 1998 | Technical Report | TDT |
| Swan, R., & Allan, J. (1999). Extracting Significant Time-Varying Features from Text. In CIKM 1999: Proceedings of the 8th International ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 38 – 45). Kansas City, Missouri, United States. November 2–6: ACM Press. | 1999 | CIKM | TDT |
| Swan, R., & Jensen, D. (2000). TimeMines: Constructing Timelines with Statistical Models of Word Usage. In M. Grobelnik, D. Mladenic, & N. Milic-Frayling (Ed.), TM2000: Proceedings of the Workshop on Text Mining associated to KDD2000: 6th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (pp. 73 – 80). Boston, Massachusetts, United States. August 20–23: ACM Press. | 2000 | KDD - TM | TDT |
| Swan, R., & Allan, J. (2000). Automatic Generation of Overview Timelines. In SIGIR 2000: Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 49 – 56). Athens, Greece. July 24–28: ACM Press. | 2000 | SIGIR | TDT |
| Makkonen, J., & Ahonen-Myka, H. (2003). Utilizing Temporal Information in Topic Detection and Tracking. In T. Koch, & I. T. Solvberg (Eds.), In Lecture Notes in Computer Science - Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2003: 7th European Conference on Research and Advances Technology for Digital Libraries (Vol. 2769/2004, pp. 393 – 404). Trondheim, Norway. August 17–22: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. | 2003 | ECDL | TDT |
| Shaparenko, B., Caruana, R., Gehrke, J., & Joachims, T. (2005). Identifying Temporal Paterns and Key Players in Document Collections. In TDM2005: Proceedings of the Workshop on Temporal Data Mining associated to ICDM2005 (pp. 165 – 174). Houston, United States. November 27–30: IEEE Press. | 2005 | ICDM - TDM | TDT |
| Mori, M., Miura, T., & Shioya, I. (2006). Topic Detection and Tracking for News Web Pages. In WIC2006: IEEE Main Conference Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (pp. 338 – 342). Hong Kong, China. December 18–22: IEEE Computer Society Press. | 2006 | WIC | TDT |
| Kim, P., Myaeng, S.H. (2004). Usefulness of Temporal Information Automatically Extracted from News Articles for Topic Tracking. In TALIP:Journal of ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing (pp. 227 – 242). New York, United States. | 2004 | TALIP | TDT |