OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aguacaliente Wildlife Sanctuary

The Aguacaliente Wildlife Sanctuary is a nature reserve in the Toledo District of southern Belize. It encompasses approximately 5,492 acres (22.23 km$^2$) and was declared a sanctuary in 1998. The Sanctuary is critical for the preservation of biodiversity in Belize and the region. The National Park protects the central wetlands areas which consist of three fresh water lagoons and a hot-spring connected by a number of creeks hence the name Aguacaliente. It is co-managed by the Aguacaliente Management Team (AMT), a consortium of people from adjacent villages.

## Notable Features

* The lagoons are a feeding area for hundreds of waterfowl including wood storks, endangered jabiru storks, black-bellied whistling ducks, sandpipers, and others. Many of the birds use the sanctuary as a transmigration point during their seasonal journeys.
* The Aguacaliente Wildlife Sanctuary plays an important role in flood control and water purification. The wetlands act as a filter for the Moho River Watershed, holding and cleansing runoff and floodwaters before they travel through adjacent villages to the Gulf of Honduras.
* The forest and savanna areas of the Aguacaliente Wildlife Sanctuary provide habitat for a wide variety of animals including gibnuts|peccary, black howler monkeys, white-tailed deer, kinkajous, and endangered tapirs and jaguar.
# Água Vermelha Dam

The Água Vermelha Dam is an embankment dam on the Grande River near Iturama in Minas Gerais/São Paulo, Brazil. It was constructed for hydroelectric power production and flood control. Construction on the dam began in 1973 and it was completed and operational by 1978. The last generators were operational in 1979.

## Specifications

The dam is a 3,940 metres (12,930 ft) long and 67 metres (220 ft) high embankment dam with a concrete power station and spillway portion. The volume of concrete in the dam structure is 1,500,000 cubic metres (53,000,000 cu ft). The dam's spillway contains eight floodgates each with a maximum discharge capacity of 2,481 cubic metres per second (87,600 cu ft/s) for a total of 19,848 cubic metres per second (700,900 cu ft/s). The dam's reservoir has a capacity of 11.025 cubic kilometres (8,938,000 acre⋅ft), of which 11 cubic kilometres (8,900,000 acre⋅ft) is live (active or "useful") storage. The surface area of the reservoir is 647 km$^2$ (250 sq mi) and its maximum level above sea level is 383.3 m (1,258 ft) and the minimum is 373.3 metres (1,225 ft). The dam's power station has a gross hydraulic head of 57 metres (187 ft) and contains six 232.7 MW (312,100 hp) generators powered by Francis turbines for a total installed capacity of 1,396.2 megawatts (1,872,300 hp).
# Loretta Alvarez

Loretta Lucero Alvarez (nicknamed Mama and Nana; 1892 – 30 December 1996) was a Pascua Yaqui midwife from the 1920s until the 1970s in Tucson, Arizona. Tucson's Kino Community Hospital named their labor and delivery unit after her.

## Personal life

Loretta Lucero was born in northern Mexico in 1892. She married Luis Alvarez, a railroad worker, and moved to Nogales, Arizona. After World War I, the couple moved to Tucson, where they raised their 14 children.

## Midwifery

Nicknamed "Mama" by family and locals alike, she spoke both Yaqui and Spanish and provided her services to women from different ethnic groups, as well as her own Pascua Yaqui community. In her midwife work she utilized herbs and prenatal massage to deliver breech births. Lucero received payment for her work, including vegetables and food. She served as a midwife until the age of 80 and attributed her long life to her Catholic faith.

## Legacy

Tucson's Kino Community Hospital named their labor and delivery unit after Lucero.
# Air Paradise International

Air Paradise International was an airline based in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. It operated services to destinations in Australia, South Korea and Taiwan, from its main base at Ngurah Rai Airport, Denpasar. On 1 December 2005, the airline announced that it was ceasing operations due to a downturn in traffic, following terrorist bombings on the island in October 2005. In February 2007, the Indonesian Transportation Ministry delayed license revocation of 11 major airlines, including Air Paradise, to give restructuring opportunities to the operators. Air Paradise was considering re-launching services in March 2007. However, 3 years later, after ceasing operations in November 2005, the airline filed for bankruptcy, 5 months after another of its competitors (Adam Air) had filed for bankruptcy.

## History

The airline was established in June 2002 and started operations on 16 February 2003 with services to Perth in Australia from Denpasar, Bali. On 27 December 2004, services began to Osaka, Japan. All services were suspended on 1 December 2005 following a downturn of traffic after the October 2005 terrorist attacks in Bali which resulted in over 20 fatalities and 100 injuries. In June 2006 the website was still available, announcing negotiations to recapitalize the airline. Air Paradise was using A300s, A310s and leased 737-800s on flights to Melbourne, Sydney and Perth mostly for tourists. A major competitor on the Denpasar route was Garuda Indonesia. In November 2008, Air Paradise filed for bankruptcy after failing to re-launch operations and was the 2nd airline to file for bankruptcy in 5 months after Adam Air.

## Services

Air Paradise operated services to the following international scheduled destinations in January 2005: Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne, Osaka, Perth, Seoul and Sydney.

## Fleet

The Air Paradise operated the following aircraft during its operation:
Air Paradise International fleet :
| Aircraft | Total | Introduced | Retired |
| Airbus A300-600R | 2 | 2003 | 2005 |
| Airbus A310-300 | 2 | 2003 | 2005 |
| Boeing 737-800 | 2 | 2004 | 2005 |
# Council for Higher Education in Judea and Samaria

The Council for Higher Education in Judea and Samaria was a body which supervised Israeli universities and colleges in the Occupied West Bank. Its authority in the West Bank was similar to that of the Council for Higher Education in Israel in Israel proper.
As Israeli law does not apply in the occupied West Bank, the Council for Higher Education in Israel had no legal standing there, so by a military decree a similar institution was formed in the West Bank to regulate the Israeli institutions of higher learning there.
The Council for Higher Education in Judea and Samaria only applied to Israeli institutions and not to Palestinian institutions which also exist in the West Bank.
The council was abolished in February 2018, when the Knesset voted to put Ariel University and other West Bank institutions under the control of the same accreditation body as other Israeli colleges and universities.
# Adolphson Observatory

The Adolphson Astronomical Observatory, located atop the Center for Science and Business in Monmouth, Illinois, U.S., on the campus of Monmouth College, was built in 2013. Its largest telescope is the 20-inch reflecting Trubeck Telescope. The observatory is used for undergraduate student education, undergraduate research including the tracking and discovery of near-earth objects, and for public awareness of science.

## History

The observatory was established in 2013 by a gift from David Adolphson, a retired business executive, and his wife Priscilla Trubeck Adolphson, both graduates of Monmouth College. It provides upgraded accommodations for astronomical observation to students and faculty of Monmouth College from its fourth-floor dome atop the Center for Science and Business.

## Equipment

Donated in 2015 by William Trubeck, former chief financial officer of several major corporations and a Monmouth College graduate, the Trubeck Telescope is a 20-inch (0.51 m) Corrected Dall-Kirkham Astrograph reflector telescope manufactured by Planewave Instruments. Covering a 52 mm field of view, the f/6.8 optics are held by a carbon-fiber truss design and work with a large format CCD camera and computerized pointing and tracking system.
The Trubeck Telescope operates with a Software Bisque Paramount. Aiming software includes TheSkyX Professional Edition software which can provide simulated star charts from 4700 BC to 10000 AD and can aim the telescope at well over 1.2 million different astronomical objects. Adaptive Optics at the camera are provided by SBIG (Santa Barbara Instrument Group) AO-X hardware and software which provide increased clarity. The telescope has spectroscopy capability that allows users to learn the chemical composition, temperature, luminosity and other details of celestial objects.
Four additional telescopes are also used by the observatory. A fifth telescope, a portable 11-inch Celestron Schmidt-Cassegrain reflecting instrument with pointing software, was added in 2024.

## Architecture

The observatory itself is of a Functional Moderne style. The observatory is situated approximately 40 feet above the ground atop a Neo-Georgian brick building constructed in 2013 with specific structural design features built-in to support it.
# George B. Cox

George Barnsedale Cox (1853–1916) was a political boss in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, a member of the Republican Party, and associate of William Howard Taft.

## Early life

As a teen during the Civil War years, he supported his widowed mother as an errand boy. Later he drove a delivery wagon. Finally, he assisted his brother-in-law by operating the keno portion of the latter's casino. In these days he was already noted for being a physically strong and closed-mouthed man.

## Political career

He served most notably on the Decennial Equalization Board where he was able to fix the tax rate for prominent properties like the Shubert Theater, in which he became an investor. He also served significantly on the Board of Public Affairs in this turbulent era of the notorious Courthouse Riots.
Known as a ward boss who delivered his delegation as promised, he became the executive chairman of the local chapter of the Republican Party. He ran unsuccessfully for Hamilton County Clerk in 1884 and 1888, being the only candidate on his party's ticket to lose in the latter year. He managed James G. Blaine’s 1884 presidential campaign in Hamilton County. He set up the Young Men’s Blaine Club, which became his main base of political operations. Cox took pride in running an orderly organization. He maintained decorum in city conventions, eliminated multiple voting, and accepted the nomination and election of reform business candidates for mayor, who usually won election. Cox’s coalition was “able to bring positive government to Cincinnati and to mitigate the chaos which accompanied the emergence of the new city.” With some justification, Cox boasted of his “achievement of taking the schools, Police, and Fire Departments out of politics” and insisted that “a boss is not necessarily a public enemy.” On the other hand Lincoln Steffens, a famous muckraker, in 1905 called Cincinnati one of the two worst-governed cities in the country. William H. Taft made a speech against Cox in 1905, saying "the government under the machine is constantly described as a very corrupt one" which significantly damaged the Cox ticket. But Taft spoke in favor of Cox in 1908 when his political opponent Henry T. Hunt was up for election.
During his heyday, Cox had influence over all local newspapers save the Cincinnati Post. His chief lieutenants were Deputy County Treasurer Rud K. Hynicka and the President of the Board of the New Water works Commissioners, August Herrmann. Herrmann became President of the Cincinnati Reds from 1902 to 1927 and is known as the Father of the World Series. He influenced many local elections, including the nomination Julius Fleischmann, who became the youngest mayor of Cincinnati.
George Cox died after suffering a stroke in 1916.

## Legacy

The George B. Cox House at the corner of Brookline and Ludlow avenues was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 6, 1973. The Cox House has been converted into a branch of the Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County.
Cox was the namesake of the George B. Cox Memorial Theater downtown on Seventh Street. Built in 1920, it closed in 1954 and was demolished in 1976.
# Alfabeta

alfabeta was a monthly cultural and literary magazine published between 1979 and 1988 in Milan, Italy. The magazine was the cultural landmark in the country during its existence.

## History and profile

alfabeta was established in Milan by Nanni Balestrini in May 1979. It was originally published by Multhipla and then Intrapresa. The editorial board included Maria Corti, Umberto Eco, Francesco Leonetti, Antonio Porta, Pier Aldo Rovatti and Paolo Volponi.
alfabeta produced in-depth articles about culture, philosophy and politics along with previews and reviews of books, contemporary art exhibitions, theatre shows and cinema. Poet Gian Mario Villalta started his career as a contributor to the magazine in 1986.
alfabeta ceased publication in 1988 and the last issue appeared in December that year. Its successor is alfabeta2, which was launched in 2010.
# Alfredo Garasini

Alfredo Garasini (Buenos Aires, June 1, 1897 – Santa Fe, January 6, 1950), was an Argentine footballer who played as forward.
Garasini spent most of his career at Boca Juniors, when he raised from the youth divisions. Garasini's performances in Boca Juniors were highlighted by both, fans and the media, winning a total of 13 titles with the club, 5 Primera División, 6 National cups and 2 international cups (organised by Argentine and Uruguayan Associations by then).
After retiring from football, Garasini served as coach, being also the Boca Juniors manager from 1943 to 1946, winning four titles else, the 1943 and 1944 league championships and two domestic cups, also achieving a mark of 23 consecutive matches unbeaten.
Garasini is considered one of the greatest idols in Boca Juniors history, being one of the eight persons in club's history that won titles as both, player and manager. with Rodolfo Arruabarrena as the last of them.

## Biography

Garasini raised from the youth divisions of Boca Juniors, being part of the roster that won four titles within a year (Primera División, Copa Competencia Jockey Club, Copa Ibarguren and international Tie Cup competition in 1919). He was also the topscorer of the 1919 season. Garasini played in every position on the field, debuting as centre-back, then playing as forward, midfielder, and even as goalkeeper when Américo Tesoriere injured. Garasini also served as masseur of the team.
In 1920 Garasini moved to Boca Juniors' arch-rival River Plate, where he stayed briefly, playing a Copa de Competencia Jockey Club match v. Atlanta in June 1920. The next year Garasini played for Sportivo del Norte, current "C.A. Colegiales", before returning to Boca Juniors where he played until his retirement in 1928.
During his second tenure on the Xeneize, Garasini was part of the team that made the successful tour on Europe in 1925. With Boca Juniors, Garasini totalized 160 games played with 56 goals scored.
With the Argentina national team Garasini played two games, v. Brazil in 1924 and Brazil in the 1925 South American Championship (where he scored a goal). Garasini won that championship with Argentina.
Alfredo Garasini died in 1950 in the city of Santa Fe where the team expected to play a friendly match facing local club Colón. Garasini was part of the coaching staff of Boca Juniors at the moment of his death.

## Titles as player
### Club
#### Domestic

* Primera División (5): 1919, 1920, 1923, 1924, 1926
* Copa de Competencia Jockey Club (2): 1919, 1925
* Copa Ibarguren (3): 1919, 1923, 1924
* Copa Estímulo (1): 1920

#### International

* Tie Cup (1): 1919
* Copa de Honor Cousenier (1): 1920

### National team
#### Argentina

* Copa América (1): 1925

## Titles as manager
### Boca Juniors

* Primera División (2): 1943, 1944
* Copa Escobar-Gerona (1): 1945
* Copa de Competencia Británica (1): 1946
# Oscar Krusnell

Oscar Krusnell (born 17 February 1999) is a Swedish footballer who plays for Haugesund as a left-back.

## Early life

Krusnell was born in Stockholm and grew up in the borough of Årsta. He started his footballing career as a youngster at local club Enskede IK.
In 2013, at age 14, he joined the youth system of Allsvenskan club AIK. He quickly moved up the ranks and represented the sides U17s, U19s and U21s during the following years. He made his senior debut for AIK in a pre-season friendly ahead of the 2015 Allsvenskan season.
In July 2015, Krusnell signed a three-year deal with Sunderland in Premier League. At age 16, he became the first youth academy player to ever get transferred abroad from AIK. Krusnell joined the club at the same time as fellow countryman Joel Asoro, a forward from Brommapojkarna.
At Sunderland, he settled as a frequent starter in the academy squad. He soon also signed a new youth contract with the club, lasting until June 2019.
During the 2016–17 season, Krusnell featured regularly in the Sunderland U18s, making 22 competitive appearances. Getting known as a well built and versatile player with good feet, Krusnell rotated between several positions, playing either left or centre back as well as making appearances on the left side of midfield.

## Club career
### Hammarby IF

On 10 August 2017, Krusnell transferred to Hammarby IF, thus returning to his native country at age 18. Krusnell signed a three-year contract, his first professional deal, with Hammarby and left Sunderland without making any senior appearances. Reports suggested that he moved on a free. Krusnell made his competitive debut on 21 August, coming on as a late sub, in a 3–0 away win against Örebro SK.
Krusnell spent the vast majority of the 2019 season out on loan. First at affiliated club IK Frej in Superettan and then Team TG in Division 1, Sweden's third tier.
In 2020, Krusnell was also sent on loan to IK Frej, and left Hammarby at the end of the year when his contract expired.

### IF Brommapojkarna

On 30 December 2020, Krusnell moved to IF Brommapojkarna in Division 1, the domestic third tier.

## International career

Oscar Krusnell played 23 games for the Swedish national U17 team. He made his debut against Finland on 19 August 2014, in a 1–1 draw. Krusnell scored his only goal for the side in a 3–0 win against Norway in a friendly on 18 September 2014. He was called up to the 2016 UEFA European Under-17 Championship in Azerbaijan, but had to withdraw from the squad due to an injury.
In 2017, Krusnell was called up to the Swedish U19 national team. He made his debut 4–1 friendly win against Hungary on 6 June 2017.
# Porringer

A porringer is a shallow bowl, between 4 and 6 inches (100–150 mm) in diameter, and 1+1⁄2 to 3 inches (38–76 mm) deep; the form originated in the medieval period in Europe and was made in wood, ceramic, pewter, cast iron and silver. They had flat, horizontal handles.
   The precise purpose of porringers, or écuelles, as they are known in France, is in dispute; but it is thought that they were used to hold broth or gruel.
Colonial porringers tended to have one handle, whereas European ones tended to have two handles on opposite sides, on which the owner's initials were sometimes engraved, and they occasionally came with a lid. Porringers resembled the smaller quaich, a Scottish drinking vessel.
One can discern authentic pewter porringers in much the same way that silver can be authenticated from the touch marks that were stamped either into the bowl of the porringer or on its base. Wooden porringers are occasionally found from excavations, e.g., 16th-century example from Southwark and 11th century from Winchester.
The most famous colonial porringers are probably those made by Paul Revere.
Porringers of cast iron being enameled, tinned or plain were made in the beginning of 1820s to early 1900s in England by A. Kenrick, W. Bullock & T. Clark for export and made in America by J. Savery and numerous stove and hollow ware foundries. Iron porringers ranged in size from a half pint to 2 quarts. In the US small sizes were for christening in the early 1900s and large size for soups and stews.
In more modern times, some manufacturers of porringers have produced them without handles. These types of porringers appear to be deep bowls, with the sides being nearly totally flat. Porringers are also used less and less, as a bowl will suffice for most people; porringers, however, are still circulated, mainly as a Christening-gift.
A second, modern usage, for the term porringer is a double saucepan similar to a bain-marie used for cooking porridge. The porridge is cooked gently in the inner saucepan, heated by steam from boiling water in the outer saucepan. This ensures the porridge does not burn and allows a longer cooking time so that the oats can absorb the water or milk in which they are cooked more completely. Also, the porridge does not need stirring during the cooking process, which means the oats maintain their structural integrity and the porridge has a better mouthfeel and texture. The lower heat may also degrade less of the beta-glucan in the oats, which gives oats their cholesterol-lowering properties.
Porringers were also made out of earthenware clay that fired to red in a type of pottery that is called "redware" today but was called "earthen" during colonial and Early America. These would have the typical strap or pulled handle that is familiar on mugs and cups today.
Some collectors or materials historians also call what resembles the pewter porringer a "bleeding cup".
# Dalbergia hupeana

Dalbergia hupeana, the hardy rosewood, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to subtropical areas of Laos, Vietnam, southern and central China, and southwestern South Korea. In the wild it prefers to grow on forested or scrubby slopes.
A tree reaching 20 m (66 ft) with high heterozygosity, it is of economic significance as its wood is considered precious. It is used as a street tree in a number of southern Chinese cities.