OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Two Flaming Youths

Two Flaming Youths is a lost 1927 American silent comedy film directed by John Waters and written by John W. Conway, Donald Davis, Percy Heath, and Herman J. Mankiewicz. The film stars W. C. Fields, Chester Conklin, Mary Brian, Jack Luden, George Irving, and Cissy Fitzgerald. The film was released on December 17, 1927, by Paramount Pictures.

## Plot

Sheriff Ben Holden is in love with hotel owner Madge Malarkey when down-and-out carnival man Gabby Gilfoil shows up, hoping to take her for some money. Gilfoil is mistaken for the wanted man Slippery Sawtelle. Neither suitor gets Malarkey but do manage to take her husband (wealthy Simeon Trott) for a bundle.

## Cast

* W. C. Fields as Gabby Gilfoil
* Chester Conklin as Sheriff Ben Holden
* Mary Brian as Mary Gilfoil
* Jack Luden as Tony Holden
* George Irving as Simeon Trott
* Cissy Fitzgerald as Madge Malarkey
* James Quinn as Slippery Sawtelle (credited as Jimmy Quinn)
* Ben Bard as Bard (as Pearl and Bard)
* Jay Brennan as Brennan (as Savoy and Brennan)
* Bobby Clark as Clark (as Clark & McCullough)
* Max Dill as Dill (of Kolb and Dill)
* Vivian Duncan as Vivian Duncan
* Lew Fields as Fields (as Weber and Fields)
* Clarence Kolb as Kolb (as Kolb and Dill) (credited as C. William Kolb)
* Charles Mack as Mack as part of Moran and Mack (Two Black Crows)
* Chester Morton as The Human Pin Cushion
* Lee W. Parker as The Tattooed Man
* Jack Pearl as Pearl (as Pearl and Bard)
* Billy Platt as The Dwarf (as William Platt)
* Stanley Rogers as Savoy (as Savoy & Brennan)
* John Seresheff as The Strong Man
* Joe Weber as Weber (as Weber and Fields)
* John Aasen as The Giant (uncredited)
* Wallace Beery as Beery - of Beery and Hatton (uncredited)
* Rosetta Duncan as Rosetta Duncam (uncredited)
* Raymond Hatton as Hatton - of Beery and Hatton (uncredited)
* Monty O'Grady as Minor Role (uncredited)
# Jean-Marc Richard (TV and radio presenter)

Jean-Marc Richard (born 18 September 1960 in Lausanne) is a Swiss radio and television personality, best known for his work with Radio télévision suisse.

## Career

Since the 1993 Contest Richard has been the Swiss French commentator for the Eurovision Song Contest. Richard was unable to commentate on the 1996 and 1997 Contests, and Pierre Grandjean filled in; however he returned to commentate on the 1998 Contest. Richard was absent again in 2001 and 2002, this time replaced by Phil Mundwiller. Since the 2003 Contest Richard has co-commentated the event with other television presenters, with Nicolas Tanner joining him since the 2008 Contest.
Currently he hosts various programmes broadcast on the Swiss French television station Télévision suisse romande including Miss Switzerland and various music competitions. He is married and has several children, he is a supporter of the foundation Terre des hommes.
# If You Believe It, It's So

If You Believe It, It's So is a lost 1922 American silent drama film directed by Tom Forman and written by Perley Poore Sheehan and Waldemar Young. The film stars Thomas Meighan, Pauline Starke, Joseph J. Dowling, Theodore Roberts, Charles Stanton Ogle, and Laura Anson. The film was released on July 2, 1922, by Paramount Pictures.

## Cast

* Thomas Meighan as Chick Harris
* Pauline Starke as Alvah Morley
* Joseph J. Dowling as Ezra Wood
* Theodore Roberts as Sky Blue
* Charles Stanton Ogle as Colonel Williams
* Laura Anson as Tessie Wyngate
* Charles K. French as Frank Tine
* Tom Kennedy as Bartender
* Ed Brady as Constable
# Martin Nicholls

Martin Henry Nicholls (3 April 1917 – 3 May 1983) was a politician, trade unionist and soldier from South Australia.
Born in Adelaide, South Australia, he received a primary education before becoming a tramwayman and serving in the military 1940–1945. He enlisted in July 1940, serving in Australia, including in the Darwin area from June 1942 until September 1943.
The nephew of Senator Theo Nicholls, he was President of the South Australian Tramways Union and Secretary of the South Australian Labor Party from 1958 to 1963. He was also a member of the ALP Federal Executive 1959–1969. In 1963, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Labor member for Bonython. He held the seat until his resignation due to ill health on 30 September 1977, which followed a heart attack earlier in the year and several months of absence from parliament. No by-election was held due to proximity to the upcoming federal election).
Nicholls died in 1983, aged 66.
# Urachus

The urachus forms from the distal end of the allantois in the embryo, and develops into a closed cord between the base of the bladder, and the navel. It drains the bladder of the fetus that joins and runs within the umbilical cord. The fibrous remnant lies in the space of Retzius, between the transverse fascia anteriorly and the peritoneum posteriorly. At birth, the urachus develops into the median umbilical ligament.

## Development

The part of the urogenital sinus related to the bladder and urethra absorbs the ends of the Wolffian ducts and the associated ends of the renal diverticula. This gives rise to the trigone of the bladder and part of the prostatic urethra.
The remainder of this part of the urogenital sinus forms the body of the bladder and part of the prostatic urethra. The apex of the bladder stretches and is connected to the umbilicus as a narrow canal. This canal is initially open, but later closes as the urachus goes on to definitively form the median umbilical ligament.

## Clinical significance

Failure of the inside of the urachus to be filled in leaves the urachus open. The telltale sign is leakage of urine through the umbilicus. This is often managed surgically. There are four anatomical causes:
* Urachal cyst: there is no longer a connection between the bladder and the umbilicus, however a fluid filled cavity with uroepithelium lining persists between these two structures.
* Urachal fistula: there is free communication between the bladder and umbilicus
* Urachal diverticulum (vesicourachal diverticulum): the bladder exhibits outpouching
* Urachal sinus: the pouch opens toward the umbilicus
The urachus is also subject to neoplasia. Urachal adenocarcinoma is histologically similar to adenocarcinoma of the bowel. Rarely, urachus carcinomas can metastasise to other regions of the body, including pelvic bones and the lung.
One urachal mass has been reported that was found to be a manifestation of IgG4-related disease.

## Additional images

* Inguinal fossae
* Midsagittal CT scan of a man's abdomen showing the urachus
* The normal urachus and its anomalous variants
* High magnification micrograph of a urachal carcinoma. H&E stain
# Bill Spencer (biathlete)

William Allen Spencer (June 23, 1936 – December 3, 2020) competed in the 1964 and 1968 Winter Olympics on the United States Biathlon Team. Bill Spencer died on Thursday, December 3, 2020. He was 84 years old.

## Early life

Spencer was born in Russellville, Alabama. His family later moved to Salt Lake City where he attended South High School. He was a 1959 Collegiate All-American skier at the University of Utah where he was also a member of Sigma Pi fraternity. He graduated from Utah in 1961 and served in the U.S. Army from 1963 to 1984, retiring as a Lieutenant Colonel.
From 1963 to 1968, he was assigned to Ft. Richardson in Alaska with his wife Judy, a son and two daughters. He completed two tours of duty in the Vietnam War as an infantry officer, earning three Bronze Star Medals (one with Valor), three Air Medals (one with Valor), and three Army Commendation Medals.

## As an athlete
### National Championships

Spencer won both the U.S. Biathlon Championships and the Canadian Biathlon Championships in 1966 and 1967. He was U.S. National 30 km Cross-Country Champion in 1965. He was a member of the U.S. CISM (Council International Sports Military) team 1964 to 1968 and 1973.

### Olympics

Spencer competed in one event at the 1964 games. He finished 30th in the men's individual 20 km race. This was good for second best on the American team.
In the 1968 games Spencer competed as an individual and as part of the Men's 4 x 7.5 km relay. He finished 37th in the individual 20 km event (the second best of the U.S. squad) and the team finished eighth in the relay (out of fourteen teams).

## As a coach and official

After retiring from competition Spencer spent time as a coach and official. He was the U.S. biathlon team leader for the 1972 and 1984 Winter Olympics as well as numerous World Cups and World Championships. He was the U.S. Olympic shooting coach for the 1976, 1980, and 1992 Winter Olympics.
Spencer was the Coordinator of the National Guard Bureau Biathlon Program from 1977 to 1984. From 1984 to 1994 he was the U.S. Biathlon Association Coach and Development Coordinator.
From 1973 - 2002 he was the U.S. representative to the International Biathlon Union (IBU) Technical Committee, serving as Technical Delegate for the Calgary Olympics in 1988. At the 2002 Olympics he was Deputy Chief of Competition for the Biathlon.
At the 2002 Olympics, he carried the Olympic torch off of the plane, along with Nikki Stone, that had brought it to the U.S. from Greece.
He is the grandfather of U.S. Olympic rower Molly Reckford.

## Awards

* 1966 - Sports Illustrated Award of Merit
* 2000 - Inducted into the U.S. Biathlon Hall of Fame
* 2002 - IBU Medal of Honor
* 2003 – Inducted into the Utah Sports Hall of Fame
* 2004 - Inducted into the Intermountain Ski Hall of Fame
* 2005 – Inducted into the University of Utah's Crimson Club Hall of Fame
# Wólka Ołudzka

Wólka Ołudzka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczekociny, within Zawiercie County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Szczekociny, 27 km (17 mi) east of Zawiercie, and 66 km (41 mi) north-east of the regional capital Katowice.
# Vilma Tanskanen

Vilma Tanskanen (born 14 April 1995) is a Finnish retired ice hockey player. As a member of the Finnish national team, she won a bronze medal at the 2015 IIHF Women's World Championship and played in the 2016 IIHF Women's World Championship and the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia.

## Playing career

As a teen, Tanskanen played four seasons in the Naisten Liiga, the top-tier of women's ice hockey in Finland. While attending the Kuortaneen urheilulukio in Kuortane for secondary school during 2011 to 2014, she played with Team Oriflame under head coach Jari Risku. For the 2014–15 season, she returned to her youth club, Keski-Uudenmaan Juniorijääkiekkoilun Tuki (KJT), to play with its women's representative team, KJT Haukat, which had secured promotion to the Naisten Liiga from the Naisten Mestis at the conclusion of the 2012–13 season. When KJT Haukat failed to qualify for the 2015 playoffs, Tanskanen signed with the Espoo Blues Naiset for the post-season, contributing a goal and an assist in six playoff games as the team claimed Aurora Borealis Cup.

### NCAA

In 2015, she and Team Oriflame teammate Anna Kilponen both joined the North Dakota Fighting Hawks women's ice hockey program in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) conference of the NCAA Division I. A defense-minded forward, Tanskanen had modest offensive production during her time with the Fighting Hawks, notching 6 points (4 goals+2 assists) across 33 games in the 2015–16 season and 7 points (3+4) across 32 games of the 2016–17 season. The University of North Dakota suddenly terminated its women's ice hockey program in the spring of 2017, forcing Tanskanen and many of her teammates to scramble for transfer opportunities with other NCAA Division I programs.
Ultimately, Tanskanen joined the Mercyhurst Lakers women's ice hockey program in the College Hockey America (CHA) conference for her final two years of college eligibility. She was joined by North Dakota Fighting Hawks sophomore teammates Kennedy Blair and Emma Nuutinen, who was also a fellow Finnish national team member. Her production increased dramatically at Mercyhust and she tallied a career high 14 goals and 13 assists for 27 points across 33 games in the 2017–18 season – tying with Brooke Hartwick for first on the team in goals and ranking second on the team for scoring behind Maggie Knott, while playing four fewer games than either Hartwick or Knott. Her breakout season was recognized with selection to the All-CHA Conference First Team.

## International play

Tanskanen was selected for the Finland women's national ice hockey team in the 2014 Winter Olympics. She played in all six games, not recording a point.
Tanskanen made two appearances with the Finland women's national under-18 ice hockey team, at the IIHF World Women's U18 Championships, with the first in 2012.

## Career statistics
### International career

Through 2013-14 season
| Year | Team | Event | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2012 | Finland U18 | U18 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2013 | Finland U18 | U18 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2014 | Finland | Oly | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
# Psychology of previous investment

The "psychology of previous investment" was coined by James Howard Kunstler to describe the sunk costs of the modern urban/suburban lifestyle. It is the reluctance to abandon technologies and standards of urban infrastructure into which humans have already made substantial investments, and is seen as a major contributor to modern energy crises.
# International Menopause Society

The International Menopause Society (IMS) is a UK based charity. The Association was created in 1978 in Jerusalem during the second Menopause Congress and currently has members in 62 countries. In addition to organizing congresses, symposia, and workshops, the IMS owns its own journal: Climacteric, the Journal of Adult Women's Health and Medicine, published by Taylor & Francis.

## Resources and publications

The Society's official journal, Climacteric, the Journal of Adult Women's Health and Medicine, was founded in 1998 and is listed in Index Medicus/MEDLINE. The Editor-in-Chief is Rodney Baber Australia. It publishes international, original, peer-reviewed research on all aspects of aging in women, especially during the menopause and climacteric. The content of the journal covers the whole range of subject areas relevant to climacteric studies and adult women’s health and medicine, including underlying endocrinological changes, treatment of the symptoms of the menopause and other age-related changes, hormone replacement therapies, alternative therapies, effective life-style modifications, non-hormonal midlife changes, and the counselling and education of perimenopausal and postmenopausal patients.

## World Congress on the Menopause

The IMS hold a biennial World Congress in the different regions of the world, the 18th being held in Lisbon, Portugal in 2022 to be followed by Melbourne Australia 2024
# Two of Us (1987 film)

Two of Us (also released as The Two of Us on home video) is a 1987 gay-themed BBC television film written by Leslie Stewart and directed by Roger Tonge. It was produced for the BBC Schools Scene series, and intended for young adults. It confronted the Thatcherite government's attempt to ban gay sex education in schools via the controversial (and since repealed) section 28 legislation. Given this backdrop, the BBC opted not to show it during the day and it was screened late at night, even though it was originally created for a school audience. It wasn't until February 1990 that the play was shown during the day.

## Plot

The film centres on the life of Phil, a fun loving student in his final year at British secondary school. He is currently going steady with girlfriend Sharon, whose best friend Vera (an early role for Kathy Burke) just happens to have the hots for his best mate Matthew. However, Matthew is gay, and dropped out of school the previous year as a means of escaping the abuse of the classroom, only for the discovery of his collection of soft-core gay porn to cause him problems at home as well. Matthew is an ardent swimmer – an opportunity for the film to immediately use and confront an obvious stereotype.
Phil is torn between the realisation that whilst he loves Sharon, he equally has feelings for Matthew. He tries to have it both ways, introducing the one to the other – prompting Vera to describe him as a "little worm" when Sharon runs off in distress. Tired of the complications of life at home, Phil and Matthew decide to elope to the coastal resort of Seaford on the Sussex coast. Sharon follows him, determined to regain her "fella".
The film has two endings. In the original 1987 release, Phil returns to Matthew at the beach, and they run together into the ocean. The film was re-released in 1988 with an ending where Phil appears to leave with Sharon, but Matthew decides that life must go on and that he is his own person.

## Cast

| Actor | Role |
| Jason Rush | Matthew |
| Lee Whitlock | Phil |
| Jenny Jay | Sharon |
| Zoë Nathenson | Suzie |
| Kathy Burke | Vera |
| James McKenna | Teacher |
| Martha Constantinou | School Kids |
| Abbie Dabner | School Kids |
| Jimmy Demetriou | School Kids |
| Ivor Dore | School Kids |
| Kelda Holmes | School Kids |
| Adam Smith | School Kids |
| Judy Gridley | Phil's mother |
| John Judd | Matthew's father |
| Gordon Salkilld | Car Driver |
| Geoffrey Leesley | Policeman |
# Erkki Toivanen

Erkki Matti Toivanen (18 May 1938 – 21 July 2011) was a Finnish journalist and presenter for Yleisradio.

## Career

After gaining a master's degree in political history from the University of Helsinki in 1962, Toivanen joined the Finnish section of BBC World Service. One of his tasks there was to produce the music to the radio dramas written by Anselm Hollo and Matti Rossi.
In 1968, he was promoted to newsreader on television and radio, and from 1969 until 1972, he worked as the foreign news editor; in the same year he joined Yle as a news correspondent and broadcaster. His broadcasting career included commentating on four Eurovision Song Contest (1977–1978, 1982 & 1987) and hosting the Finnish coverage of the Summer Olympics on eight occasions between 1972 and 2000. From 1987 until 1994, he worked as a Yle TV1 news reporter, and from 1995 until 2000 as a special correspondent. He retired from Yle in 2001.

## Personal life

Toivanen was openly gay. He was married to a woman between 1963 and 1966. The marriage gave birth to a daughter in 1964. Since 1972, he was with long-time partner Lennox Walker, former manager of the T. Rex-band.
Toivanen suffered a stroke on July 14, 2010 and a new one three weeks later. In October of that year, he was diagnosed with a small tumor in his brain, which was cut in December 2010. Despite his treatments, he died on 21 July 2011 in London while sleeping. In accordance with his will his ashes were scattered over the Blanchisseuse Beach of Walker's Trinidadian home, just like Toivanen himself had fulfilled the will of his Estonian-born mother in Narva-Jõesuu. Toivanen was fluent in Finnish, English, Estonian, German, Russian and French.
# Kelappan Thampuran (Kerala cricketer)

Kelappan Thampuran (born 16 August 1937) was an Indian cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm off-break bowler. He was born in Thrippunithura.
Thampuran made his first-class debut during the 1956–57 season, for Travancore-Cochin against Andhra, though this would be the only match which he would play for the team. The following season, he joined Kerala, for whom he played the rest of his career.
Thampuran made his Kerala debut against Madras, though he averaged just 4 runs in the eight innings in which he batted during the season. Despite playing in only two games the following season, he returned to play all four of Kerala's matches in 1960–61.
Thampuran continued to play for the first team until 1966–67 – despite not making any first-class appearances the previous season. He made a top score of 65 runs against Andhra in 1963–64 – the highest score of the Kerala first innings.
# Vánočka

Vánočka (Czech:) is a plaited bread, baked in Czech Republic and Slovakia (in Slovak called vianočka) traditionally at Christmas time. Such special festive Christmas bread made from white flour, either in the form of a wedge or of plait, was first mentioned around 1400 by Benedictine monk Jan of Holešov in his work Treatise on Christmas Eve. According to his interpretation, this pastry symbolized Christ Child wrapped in cloth.
Vánočka was further referred to during the 16th century, where it could only be made by a baker who was a guild craftsman. During the 18th century, people took the recipe into their homes and began baking it themselves. It is rich in eggs and butter, making it similar to brioche. Lemon rind and rum add colour and flavour; the dough can also contain raisins and almonds and is plaited like challah. A vánočka may be built up from three progressively smaller plaits stacked on top of one another; this is sometimes interpreted as a rough sculpture of the baby Jesus wrapped in cloth and lying in a manger.
It has a reputation for being difficult to prepare, so in many households superstitions and special customs were attached to the baking process in the past. When making vánočka, it was said that one must think of everyone dear to you. Another custom was to avoid touching the vánočka with metal. Finally, the person who was making the vánočka should jump up and down while the dough rises.
The bread is named after Vánoce meaning Christmas in Czech (Vianoce in Slovak).
Out of identical dough, a loaf called mazanec is made at Easter.
# Mary Dobson

Mary Dobson (1912-1977) was a British artist, who was originally a painter and illustrator but later specialised in producing stained glass and mosaic works.

## Biography

Dobson was born in London and attended the Bournemouth Municipal School of Art from 1930 to 1934, then studied at Chelsea Polytechnic in London during 1936 and 1937 before spending a year at the Central School of Arts and Crafts. While still a student she established herself as a freelance illustrator. During World War II Dobson served in the Women's Royal Naval Service and after she was demobbed in 1947 returned to producing illustrations for a range of publications. These included The Strand Magazine, Nursery World and newspapers including both the Daily Mail and Daily Herald. Dobson had her first solo exhibition of her paintings in 1953 and also exhibited at the Royal Academy in London and with the New English Art Club and the Society of Women Artists, with whom she was a board member. Later Dobson specialised in stained glass and mosaic works. In 1957 and 1958 she created painted and stained glass windows for the Hastings Fishermen's Museum, which is housed in a former church. As well as London, Dobson lived for a time at Shipbourne in Kent.
# José-Miguel Ullán

José-Miguel Ullán (October 30, 1944 – May 23, 2009) was a Spanish television journalist, writer and poet.

## Early life

Ullán was born in Villarino de los Aires, Salamanca. He studied liturite in Madrid. During the final decade of the Francoist Spain, Ullán fled to Paris and began working as a writer and journalist for the French broadcaster ORTF, there he worked with other writers including Pierre Vilar, Roland Barthes and Lucien Goldmann.

## Career
### Journalism career

After the death of the Spanish caudillo Francisco Franco in 1975, Ullán returned to his native Spain and began working for the Spanish broadcaster Televisión Española and began broadcasting for various television programmes which included TVE commentary for the Eurovision Song Contest, twice in 1983 and 1984. In addition from 1985 Ullán was a regular host on Radio Nacional de España, in which he hosted the show Otra canción y Acércate más. In addition he was a regular writer for the newspapers Diario 16 and El País

### Bibliophile career

Ullán wrote poems on various on several artists, which are displayed at Museum of Modern Art, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía and Bibliothèque nationale de France.

### Work with musicians

Ullán was a close friend of the singer Luis de Pablo, in which Pablo invited Ullán to write articles on his music. Ullán wrote about several of his albums which included Pocket Zarzuela.

## Death

On May 23, 2009, whilst living in Madrid, Ullán unexpectedly died at the age of 64.