OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle for Haditha

Battle for Haditha is a 2007 drama film directed by British director Nick Broomfield based on the Haditha killings. Dramatising real events using a documentary style, Battle for Haditha is Broomfield's follow up to Ghosts. The film was aired on Channel 4 in the UK on 17 March 2008.

## Plot

The film is inspired by the Haditha killings incident that occurred three months after the Battle of Haditha in the Iraq War. On 19 November 2005 in Haditha, a city in the western Iraqi province of Al Anbar, 24 unarmed Iraqi men, women, and children were killed by a group of United States Marines following an incident where an I.E.D killed one Marine and seriously wounded two others. Since the release of the film, the US military controversially dropped all charges to all Marines involved. The names of the Marines have been changed in the film, while the Iraqi civilians retain their real names.

## Production

Shot in Jerash, Jordan, the film uses former US Military personnel and Iraqi refugees to play many of the roles. However, the film was shot in an unconventional way – it was shot sequentially enabling the cast to build their characters as the story progressed. It also used real locations, and a very small documentary style film crew. This greatly added to the feeling of reality. Actors, while working from a detailed script, and the final form of the film reflects that structure, were also able to improvise and add to the dialogue, making it their own.

## Cast

The film features:
* Elliot Ruiz as Cpl Ramirez, a Marine who loses his composure after watching a friend die
* Andrew McLaren as Captain Sampson, the tough company commander in Charge of Cpl Ramirez
* Jase Willette as PFC Cuthbert, the young Marine whose death sets off the chain of events
* Yasmine Hanani as Hiba, a young Iraqi woman stuck in the middle of the chaos
* Eric Mehalacopoulos as the no-nonsense Sgt Ross
* Nathan Delacruz a former United States Marine plays Cpl Marcus with his infamous comical one liners
* Falah Flayla as a former Iraqi Army officer turned insurgent
* Thomas Hennessy Jr. as a Navy corpsman assigned to Kilo company

## Film festivals

Battle for Haditha was presented at the Toronto Film Festival on 11 September 2007. Director Nick Broomfield won the Silver Shell award for Best Director at the San Sebastian Film Festival on 29 September 2007. It was also presented at the London Film Festival on 30 October 2007.

## Critical reception

Metacritic reported the film had an average score of 65 out of 100, based on 12 reviews.
# Beeac

Beeac is a town in the Western District of Victoria, Australia. The town is located on the shore of the hyper-saline Lake Beeac in the Colac Otway Shire local government area, 160 kilometres southwest of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2016 census, Beeac had a population of 370.

## History

Beeac was originally created as a reserve for campers, and the name is thought to mean either "salt lake" or "grubs" in the local Aboriginal language. From 1860, the area was opened for selection and a townsite was surveyed in 1864. A post office opened on 1 January 1862 but was known as Ondit (the name of the surrounding parish) until 1872.
The original post office building was destroyed by fire in 1926, but was eventually replaced by the current building. By the end of the decade, the Beeac area had become a prominent wheat growing district, wine grapes were cultivated and a salt works was operating on the lake. Throughout the 1860s and 1870s, churches, schools, shops and hotels were established. The railway reached Beeac in 1889, bringing the area into closer contact with nearby Colac. The line closed in 1953. A newspaper, The Beeac Advocate and Weering and Warrion Advertiser, operated from 1901 to 1902 and the local hospital was founded in 1928.

## The town today

The town in conjunction with neighbouring township Irrewarra has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Colac & District Football League.
Golfers play at the course of the Beeac Golf Club on Mingawalla Road.

## Notable people

The test cricketer, Bill Johnston was born and raised in Beeac. Geelong Football Club premiership player and 1965 Best and Fairest winner, Peter Walker, was also originally from Beeac. Geelong Football Club Grandfinalist VFL player 1989 [[David Cameron (footballer)|David Leigh Cameron]], born Beeac 1964.
# April Bey

April Bey (born 1987) is a Bahamian American contemporary visual artist and educator. She is known for her mixed media work which creates commentary on contemporary Black female rhetoric.

## Early life and education

April Bey grew up on the island New Providence in the Bahamas. She earned a BFA degree in drawing in 2009 from Ball State University, and an MFA in painting in 2014 at California State University, Northridge.

## Career

Bey's collage work intertwines a host of materials such as caulking, resin, wood and fabric. Focusing on Black women, Bey captures passion and strength, power and sensuality in her work, which explores the resilience of women and the hypocrisy of societal expectations where women are concerned. Bey uses photographic images of Black female figures in contemporary culture such as Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Solange, Issa Rae, and Michaela Coel with text overlaid which speaks of the narratives Black women are currently creating about their identity. Her work has been exhibited at Band of Vices Gallery, Coagula Curatorial, Liquid Courage Gallery and Barnsdall Art Park's Municipal Art Gallery.
She is a tenured professor in the department of studio arts at Glendale Community College.
April Bey's first solo museum exhibition titled, Atlantica, The Gilda Region opened on May 26, 2021, in Los Angeles at the California African American Museum. It is an immersive installation that discusses Afrofuturism, queerness, feminism, and internet culture in Black America.
# Baptist Convention of Mozambique

The Baptist Convention of Mozambique (Portuguese: Convenção Baptista de Moçambique) is a Baptist Christian denomination in Mozambique. It is affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance. The headquarters is in Maputo.

## History

The Baptist Convention of Mozambique has its origins in a mission of the National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. in 1925. It is officially founded in 1957. According to a census published by the association in 2023, it claimed 866 churches and 173,200 members.
# Xuan writing brush

Xuan writing brush or Xuanbi (simplified Chinese: 宣笔; traditional Chinese: 宣筆; pinyin: Xuān Bǐ), is a type of ink brush made in Anhui Province, China. Xuan brushes are often used and mentioned together with Xuan paper, a kind of writing rice-paper.

## History

The ink brushes are normally made in Jingxian County (currently Jing County) of Anhui Province. In ancient times, Jingxian County was under the jurisdiction of Xuanzhou Prefecture (宣州府; Xuān-Zhōu Fǔ; currently Xuancheng), so its name bears the character Xuan (Xuān).
The Xuan brushes gained popularity during the Jin dynasty (256–420) among classic scholars, governmental officials, calligraphists, and painters.
During the Tang dynasty (618–907) and later Song dynasty (960–1279), Xuanzhou Prefecture became a production and manufacture center for ink brush pens in China, together with Huzhou in Zhejiang province. During and after Tang dynasty, Xuan writing brushes had been continuously listed as a local tribute to the Chinese emperors and their royal courts.

## The brush

The most famous Xuan ink brushes are elaborately made of brownish rabbit hair. Xuan brushes are among the most expensive brushes and one of the four most famous brush types in China.
# Flushometer

A flushometer is a metal water-diverter that uses an inline handle to flush tankless toilets or urinals. It was invented by William Elvis Sloan and is a product of the Sloan Valve Company.

## Function

It uses water pressure from the water supply system rather than gravity from a raised tank like in previous models.
   A diaphragm separates a pressure chamber from the main water supply. A narrow passageway leads from the main water supply into the pressure chamber. It is the narrowness of this passage that meters the flow by slowing repressurizing of the pressure chamber after the action of a flush. The diaphragm technology allows the flush valve to open and let water into the bowl. A main cylinder valve operates up and down. A groove in this cylinder allows water from the main supply to flow through when it is in a mid position. The valve is shut off at both its top and bottom positions. A second valve, placed within the main cylinder valve, releases the water in the topmost pressure chamber when the flush lever is activated, sending the main cylinder valve shooting upwards. The topmost pressure chamber slowly refills through its narrow passageway, pushing the valve cylinder back down gradually. A flush occurs while it is in its open mid positions. Because the water is gradually shut off, slower water at the end of the cycle that will not activate the siphon serves to refill the bowl. The valve cannot be kept open by holding the flush lever in the activated position, wasting water, because this only sends the main cylinder valve all the way up to its topmost shut off position. A flush can only occur when the valve is in one of its mid positions.

## Advantages and disadvantages

A flushometer is usually installed in a commercial setting with the exception of some older apartments in large cities, as it provides a high-pressure and better-performing wash and flush than a normal gravity toilet. However, a flushometer requires that the building have a larger supply line than is normally found in small to medium residential buildings, and therefore such buildings typically use tank-type toilets.
According to a study done on toilet plumes, this type of toilet produces far more droplets than other types; both in total droplets and droplets per litre flushed.
# Karetus

Karetus is a Portuguese group formed by two DJs and music producers, Carlos Silva and André Reis and one MC, Paulo Silva, who joined later.

## Discography
### Albums

| Title | Details |
| PINÃTA | Released: 3 August 2015 Format: Digital download, CD Label: Buygore |

### Singles

List of singles, with selected details and chart positions :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | POR | Album |
| "Castles in the Sand" (featuring Agir) | 2015 | — | PIÑATA |
| "Wall of Love" (featuring Diogo Piçarra) | 2016 | 65 | Non-album singles |
| "Maluco" (with Wet Bed Gang) | 2018 | — | Non-album singles |
| "Não Me Lembro" (with WAZE) | 2018 | — | Non-album singles |
| "Bella Ciao(La Casa de Papel) | 2018 | — | Non-album singles |
| "One Nation" (with Bárbara Bandeira and Yuzi) | 2018 | — | Non-album singles |
| "Basketball" (with Borgore and Zanova) | 2020 | — | Non-album singles |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. ||||
# Vachellia rigidula

Vachellia rigidula, commonly known as blackbrush acacia or chaparro prieto, and also known as Acacia rigidula, is a species of shrub or small tree in the legume family, Fabaceae. Its native range stretches from Texas in the United States south to central Mexico. This perennial is not listed as being threatened. It reaches a height of 5–15 feet (1.5–4.6 m). Blackbrush acacia grows on limestone hillsides and canyons.

## Phytochemistry

A phytochemical study of V. rigidula by workers at the Texas A & M University Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Uvalde, TX, reported the presence of over forty alkaloids, including low amounts (up to around 15 ppm) of several phenolic amines that had previously been found by the same research group in the related species Senegalia berlandieri, but which otherwise are known only as products of laboratory synthesis. Compounds found in the highest concentrations (ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand ppm) were phenethylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, and β-Methylphenethylamine (that it can be misidentified as amphetamine). Other notable compounds reported were N,N-dimethyltryptamine, mescaline, and nicotine, although these were found in low concentrations (e.g. mescaline at 3-28 ppm).
The presence of such an unprecedented chemical range of psychoactive compounds, including ones not previously found in nature, in a single plant species has led to the suggestion that some of these findings may have resulted from cross-contamination or were possibly artifacts of the analytical technique.

## Uses

Vachellia rigidula is used in weight loss dietary supplements because of the presence of chemical compounds claimed to stimulate beta-receptors to increase lipolysis and metabolic rate and decrease appetite.
Vachellia rigidula is also known as a large honey producer and early blooming plant for its native region.

### Safety

In 2015, 52% of supplements labeled as containing Acacia rigidula were found to be adulterated with synthetic BMPEA, an amphetamine isomer. Consumers following recommended maximum daily servings would consume a maximum of 94 mg of BMPEA per day. In 2012, however, the FDA determined that BMPEA was not naturally present in Acacia rigidula leaves.

## Gallery

* Seeds
* Foliage
* Bark
# Pamvo Berynda

Pamvo Berynda (c. 1560 in Yezupil – July 13, 1632, in Kyiv) was a Ukrainian lexicographer, linguist, and Orthodox monk, best remembered for authoring The Slovene – Rus' Lexicon.
# University of Kansas School of Engineering

The University of Kansas School of Engineering, founded in 1891 is the oldest Engineering School in the State of Kansas, although engineering degrees were awarded as early as 1873. It is an ABET accredited, public engineering school located on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas.

## Notable alumni

* Linda Cook (PE 1981), executive director of Shell Gas & Power and a member of the Shell Executive Committee.
* Joseph Engle (AE 1955), astronaut and NASA space shuttle commander.
* Robert Eaton (ME 1963), retired DaimlerChrysler AG Chairman.
* Brian McClendon (BSEE 1986), VP of Engineering at Google.
* Wayne Meyer (BSEE 1946), Rear Admiral in United States Navy, director of the AEGIS Shipbuilding Project.
* Lou Montulli, co-founder of Netscape and author of the Lynx web browser.
* Alan Mulally (BS/MS AE), President and CEO of Ford Motor Company
* Douglas Shane (BS 1982), director of flight operations for SpaceShipOne, which made the first privately funded human spaceflight.
* Charles Spahr (1934), former CEO of Standard Oil of Ohio.
# Conon of Naso

Conon (3 June 1139 – 28 March 1236) was a Basilian abbot at Naso, Sicily.

## Religious life

A famous tale from the life of Conon tells that he made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and whilst there he received a vision. In this vision, Conon witnessed a priest he knew being suffocated by a snake. Having returning from the Holy Land, he went directly to this priest and told him what he had seen. The priest at once confessed to Conon that he was taking church funds and keeping them for himself. Conon then persuaded his fellow priest to change his ways. Another tale tells of how Conon healed a Sicilian boy of his apoplexy.

## Legacy and veneration

In 1571, Naso was in the midst of a dire famine. The people of the city prayed for the intercession of Conon, their patron. Conon then appeared to a ship captain, who brought grain to Naso, and thus the people of Naso survived the famine.
# Kiss (1964 film)

Kiss is a 1964 American underground film directed by Andy Warhol. It was one of the first experimental films Warhol made at The Factory in New York City.

## Plot

The film runs 50 minutes and features various couples kissing for 3 and half minutes each. The film features Naomi Levine, Barbara Rubin, Gerard Malanga, Rufus Collins, Johnny Dodd, Ed Sanders, Mark Lancaster, Fred Herko, Baby Jane Holzer, Robert Indiana, Andrew Meyer, John Palmer, Pierre Restany, Harold Stevenson, Philip van Rensselaer, Charlotte Gilbertson, Marisol, Stephen Holden, Bela Lugosi and unidentified others.
Kissing couples, both straight and gay, are filmed at various times. The silent film is an assembly of these shots into a larger ‘serial’ work within the minimal art tradition.

## Soundtrack

In 1964, La Monte Young provided a loud minimalist drone soundtrack to Kiss when shown as small TV-sized projections at the entrance lobby to the third New York Film Festival held at Lincoln Center.

## Release

In July 1964, Kiss was shown with its predecessor Sleep at the Park Square Cinema in Boston.
# PÜR Gum

PUR Gum is a brand of aspartame-free gum produced by The PUR Company Inc. and founded in 2010 by Jay Klein in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. PUR gum and mints are manufactured in Switzerland, distributed in Canada, and sold in over 25 countries worldwide. PUR gum and mints are also sold through online outlets such as Amazon. The PUR Company Inc. uses the slogan "Kick Aspartame" to promote their sugar-free and aspartame-free products.

## History

In 2010, entrepreneur Jay Klein aimed to create a chewing gum that was vegan, gluten-free, nut/soy-free, allergen-free, and aspartame-free. The result was naturally sweetened PUR Gum that contains no additives or chemicals and is non-GMO. Klein decided to sweeten the chewing gum with xylitol so it would be a healthy choice for diabetics, pregnant women, people with dietary sensitivities, and any person seeking to avoid chemicals.
Klein marketed his product first in the Greater Toronto Area by starting small and going door-to door, "running for mayor". Then they expanded to the rest of Canada and major U.S. metropolitan areas, where “health hubs” – areas with significant markets for health food products – could be found. However, PUR's popularity started to take off after a chain of airport duty-free shops started carrying the product, which made the brand gain international popularity that spread virally through airports and other channels. The number of international markets grew from three, to six, to ten, and then over 25.
In 2014, PUR Gum made an appearance on CBC's Dragon's Den, asking for $1 million in exchange for a 10% equity stake, valuing the company at $10 million. Three Dragons made offers, and Jay Klein accepted an on-air deal with Jim Treliving and Arlene Dickinson.
In 2016, The PUR Company became Canada's 10th Fastest-Growing Company and Toronto's 4th Fastest-Growing Company with 5-year revenue growth of 5,496 percent. On the Profit 500 2016 list, The PUR Company ranked #10 overall and #1 in the Manufacturing and Distributing Category.
Bubblegum and Chocolate Mint were the newest flavors that the company has launched in 2016.
* companies portal

## Products

* Chewing gum
** Cinnamon
** Coolmint
** Peppermint
** Spearmint
** Wintergreen
** Pomegranate Mint
** Chocolate Mint
** Bubblegum
* Mints
** Mojito Lime Mint
** Peppermint
** Polar Mint
** Spearmint
** Tangerine Tango
# Thor's gavel

Thor's gavel (Icelandic: Þórshamar), also known as Ásmundarnautur, is a ceremonial gavel, designed by sculptor Ásmundur Sveinsson, and originally given by Iceland and delivered to the General Assembly of the United Nations by ambassador Thor Thors in 1952. It is engraved with the phrase "Society must be built on the basis of laws" (Icelandic: Með lögum skal land byggja) in both Icelandic and Latin. It is used by the President of the United Nations General Assembly and at the end of the General Assembly the gavel is ceremoniously passed from the current President to the next President.
The first version of the gavel was used until 12 October 1960 when Assembly President Frederick Boland slammed it down so hard that the head broke off and went flying during Nikita Khrushchev's shoe-banging incident.
An exact copy of the gavel, made by Jón Benediktsson, was given to the United Nations in 1961 and served the General Assembly until its disappearance in 2005.
The third edition of the gavel was made by Sigríður Kristjánsdóttir (Sigga á Grund) and given to the UN in 2005. During the seventy-eighth session of the United Nations General Assembly, the gavel broke once again.
# Trans-Mo Airlines

Trans-Mo Airlines was a regional airline and air taxi operator from 1966 (58 years ago) (1966) until 1983 (41 years ago) (1983) and based in Jefferson City, Missouri. The airline used Cessna 402 aircraft and published timetables from 1968 to 1983.

## Destinations

As of 1979, Trans-Mo served the following destinations:
* Jefferson City, Missouri
* Kansas City, Missouri
* Lake of the Ozarks
* Sedalia, Missouri
* St. Louis, Missouri
Trans-Mo also served Topeka, Kansas during the late 1960s.
# Cockeyed.com

Cockeyed.com is a website that covers a variety of subjects, most of which are projects undertaken by the site's creator, Rob Cockerham. Since the creator lives in Sacramento, California, many of his projects take place in notable Sacramento landmarks.
One of the most popular articles is called "How Much is Inside", which has been part of the website since its establishment in 1998. There are more than 40 episodes online.
Other sections are the Pranks, the educational Science Club and Cockerham's Incredible Creations, all of which are presented with pictures detailing the steps of the project.
Cockerham has also used the site as a platform to locate and harass people who engage in spamming.
A particular focus of the website is the multi-level marketing business opportunity from Herbalife. Rob has dedicated many pages to criticizing its independent distributors' use of signs in public spaces as well as the Herbalife business model.
The website has been featured on NPR, 20/20 and in a segment during the 24 Hours of Foo event on MTV2.

## How Much is Inside? Adventures

This largest section of Cockeyed.com contains documentation of projects in which Cockerham and his friends measure the usefulness of products, including:
* How much gold is inside Goldschläger?
* An estimate to the ratio of various nuts inside mixed nuts
* Measuring the average length of ramen noodles
* Counting the distribution of color and phrasing in a bag of conversation hearts
* Counting how many chips can be dipped in one can of salsa
* Other "How Much is Inside?" projects measure the utility of:
    Paper towels, Sharpie pens, a Christmas tree, bacon bits, Dial Complete soap, a Pumpkin, an acre, a keg of beer, spaghetti, popcorn bag, Vegemite spread, a Chevy Trailblazer, a million dollars, Dust-Off can, handrolling tobacco, Oreo cookies, a pound of ground coffee beans, Coca-Cola bottle, french fries, ketchup, print cartridge, chewing gum, 40-foot shipping container, Magic Shell, batteries, Doritos, Cheerios, newspaper, lipstick, Silly String, "blood", aluminum foil, expanding foam, whipped cream, EZ Cheese, toothpaste and one fake measurement of shaving cream.
Rather than using statistical methods to estimate the contents, the group favors measuring the amounts. For example, to figure out how much is inside of a keg, they (and an invited group of "fellow scientists") poured and consumed 141 individual cups of beer. Another way to determine the amount would have been to simply calculate the volume of the keg and divide by the volume of each cup.
# Anja Mischke

Anja Mischke (born 29 April 1967) is a former West German female speed skater. She represented West Germany at the 1988 Winter Olympics and competed in the women's 1500m and in the women's 3000m speed skating events.
# Anna Hagemann

Anna Hagemann (26 February 1919 – 2 October 2008) was a German athlete. She competed in the women's discus throw at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Anne-Chatrine Lafrenz

Anne-Chatrine Lafrenz (30 September 1936 – 24 July 2023) was a German athlete. She competed in the women's shot put and the women's discus throw at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
Lafrenz died on 24 July 2023, at the age of 86.
# Anne Trabant-Haarbach

Anne Trabant-Haarbach (born 1 January 1949) is a German former footballer who played as a midfielder. She made eight appearances for the Germany national team from 1982 to 1983.