OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Garlieb Merkel

Garlieb Helwig Merkel (1 November [O.S. 21 October] 1769 in Lēdurga Parish (now Sigulda Municipality), Kreis Riga – 9 May [O.S. 27 April] 1850 in Riga) was a Baltic German writer and activist and an early Estophile and Lettophile.
Merkel was born into the family of a rural priest in what is today Latvia. From the age of 17 he worked as a tutor for upper-class German families. In 1790, he joined the circle of Riga intellectuals. Influenced by the ideas he found there, he published the book Die Letten ("Latvians", full title: Die Letten vorzüglich in Liefland am Ende des philosophischen Jahrhunderts, Ein Beytrag zur Völker- und Menschenkunde ("The Admirable Latvians of Livonia at the end of the Century of Philosophy, with an Addendum on Peoples and Anthropology")) in 1796, which described in the darkest terms the life of the Latvian peasantry and the atrocities of the Baltic German landowners and called upon the Imperial Russian government to intervene and ameliorate the lot of the Latvians. The book gained considerable popularity in the German society and was translated into French, Danish and Russian. In 1800, the original German version of the book was re-published. Finally, in the 20th century it was translated also into Latvian.
Merkel's book caused a storm of anger among the landowners of Governorate of Livonia, and Merkel was forced into exile. He moved to Weimar, then in 1800 to Berlin, where he was the co-editor with August von Kotzebue of the weekly Der Freimutige (1803–1806).
In 1816, Merkel returned to Livonia. He published the book My Ten Years in Germany (1818) and Images and Characters from My Life (two volumes, 1839–1840). He also wrote the pamphlet Free Latvians and Estonians (1820), which was published in Leipzig.
A street is named in his honor in downtown Riga.
# Robert Allen (general)

Robert Allen (March 15, 1811 – August 5, 1886) was a career officer in the United States Army, serving as a brigadier general during the American Civil War.

## Early life and career

Allen was born in tiny West Union, Adams County, Ohio, and was educated in the public schools. He received an appointment to the United States Military Academy and graduated in 1836, ranking 33rd out of 49 cadets. He was assigned as a second lieutenant in the 2nd U.S. Artillery and assigned to garrison duty in various outposts.
He saw his first combat during the Mexican–American War, where he received a brevet promotion to major for his actions at the Battle of Cerro Gordo. Allen was transferred to the Quartermaster's Department, and was eventually promoted to the chief quartermaster at Benicia, California, for the Department of the Pacific with the permanent rank of major.

## Civil War service

At the outbreak of the Civil War, Allen was reassigned to the Department of the Missouri, where he was again chief quartermaster, as well as a colonel. Becoming recognized for his efficiency, he was soon promoted to command the supplies for the entire Mississippi Valley. From his headquarters in Louisville, Kentucky, Allen supervised the Federal supplies for all the region's major campaigns, including Vicksburg and Atlanta. He was able to secure a wide variety of surplus railcars from various Northern railroads and arranged to have them ferried across the Ohio River from Jeffersonville, Indiana, and used for military purposes to transport food and supplies to the field armies along former Confederate railways.
As a result of his performance, he was promoted to brigadier general and given command all quartermaster operations west of the Mississippi River, except for California. Allen ranked only behind Quartermaster General Montgomery C. Meigs (a fellow USMA 1836 graduate) in terms of responsibility and influence. His efficiency in large scale logistics helped ensure that the Federal armies in his theater of war were much better equipped and fed than their Confederate opponents.
On January 16, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Allen for the award of the brevet grade of major general to rank from March 13, 1865, and the U.S. Senate confirmed the award on March 12, 1866. On July 17, 1866, President Johnson nominated Allen for the award of the brevet grade of major general, U.S. Army, also to rank from March 13, 1865, and the U.S. Senate confirmed the award on July 23, 1866. He was mustered out of the volunteer service on September 1, 1866.

## Postbellum

After the war, Allen stayed in the Regular Army until his retirement on March 21, 1878, as the army's assistant quartermaster general, at the permanent grade of colonel, spending some $111 million during his lengthy career.
Allen died in Europe while traveling.
# Anna Schaffelhuber

Anna Katharina Schaffelhuber (born 26 January 1993) is a German para-alpine skier. At the 2014 Winter Paralympics she won five gold medals, becoming only the second athlete to sweep the alpine skiing events.

## Early life

Schaffelhuber was born in Regensburg, Bavaria, Germany. She was born with an incomplete spinal cord and as a result has paraplegia and uses a wheelchair. She began monoskiing at age five and at age fourteen received a scholarship to join a national junior skiing programme.

## Career

Schaffelhuber competes in the LW10 para-alpine skiing classification using a sitting mono-ski and outriggers.
She was selected for the German team at the 2010 Winter Paralympics held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada where she competed in four events. She won the bronze medal in the super-G finishing behind Claudia Lösch of Austria and American Alana Nichols in a time of 1 minute 38.25 seconds. She also finished fourth in two events, the super combined and the slalom, and seventh in the giant slalom. During the closing ceremony of the Games she carried the German flag.
She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships, held in Sestriere, Italy. She won the three gold medals, in the sitting women's super-combined, slalom and giant slalom, a silver in the team event, as well as finishing fourth in both the downhill and super-G.
At the 2013 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships held in La Molina, Spain, she successfully defended her title in the slalom, winning the gold medal in a time of 2 minutes 26.18 seconds. She won four other medals; silver medals in the giant slalom and super-G; and bronze medals in the super combined and downhill.
She competed in her second Paralympics at the 2014 Winter Games in Sochi, Russia. She claimed her first Paralympic gold medal by winning the sitting downhill in a time of 1 minute 35.55 seconds. She won a second gold medal in the super-G, finishing first in a time of 1 minute 29.11 seconds. Competing in the slalom she was initially disqualified for not having her outriggers in a stationary position at the start of her first run and compatriot Anna-Lena Forster was identified as the gold medal winner in press releases. Following an appeal Schaffelhuber was reinstated and awarded her third gold medal of the Games with Forster winning the silver medal. Schaffelhuber won a fourth gold medal in the combined, with Forster again taking silver as the two German skiers were the only athletes to complete the race. She won her fifth gold medal, completing a clean sweep in the sitting events, by winning the giant slalom in a combined time of 2 minutes 51.26 seconds. She became the second athlete to sweep the alpine skiing events after Lauren Woolstencroft in 2010. For her performance at the Games, Schaffelhuber was awarded Best Female at the Paralympic Sports Awards.

## Awards

In November 2010 Schaffelhuber was voted the International Paralympic Committee's athlete of the month, taking 45% of the public vote. In November 2011 she was named Germany's Disabled Athlete of the Year and she was the German National Paralympic Committee's 2013 Female Disabled Athlete of Year.
# Station for Two

Station for Two (Russian: Вокзал для двоих, romanized: Vokzal dlya dvoikh) is a 1983 Soviet romantic comedy directed by Eldar Ryazanov. The film became the Soviet box office leader of 1983 with a total of 35.8 million ticket sales. It was entered into the 1983 Cannes Film Festival.

## Plot summary

There are two main heroes in this movie: Vera, a waitress at a train station and Platon, a pianist. Platon is innocent of the crime he is accused of: he took the blame for his wife's driving over a pedestrian. On a leave from the penal colony to see his wife he gets stuck at a provincial railway station where he meets Vera. After a series events they fall in love... As a result Platon is about to be late for his return, which is equated to an escape attempt...
Platon's innocence is known to Platon's wife and Vera in whom he confided. However it turns out that Platon's life is of no interest to his wife, but Vera is ready to wait for his release.

## Ideas for the filming

The script (the beginning and the end of the movie) is based on two real stories from the life of well-known people – the composer Mikael Tariverdiev and the poet Yaroslav Smelyakov.
The idea was given to the authors by Tariverdiyev. During the trip on his car, he took the passenger's seat and had one of the famous actresses drive his car. Unfortunately, it ended tragically. They had an accident and a pedestrian died. The composer decided to take the blame on himself to save the woman. There was a very long legal process that lasted about two years. Mikael was found guilty, but he was saved by amnesty. However, the affair with that woman did not last long.
The second story, which happened with the poet Smelyakov, was used in the ending of the film. He was arrested in the early 1950s and was sent to the Arctic Circle. In 1953, he was given a day off to meet his friends. The next morning after the feast friends woke up late and overslept the roll-call. Delay for the roll-call was equated with the escape. So, Smelyakov and his friends had to run a few kilometers along the snow-covered tundra to the camp. Towards the end of the road, his friends had to drag him up to the very gates of the camp, as he was too tired.

## Cast

* Lyudmila Gurchenko as Vera Nikolayevna Nefyodova, waitress
* Oleg Basilashvili as Platon Sergeyevich Ryabinin, pianist
* Nikita Mikhalkov as Andrey, conductor
* Nonna Mordyukova as "Uncle Misha", a speculator
* Mikhail Kononov as Nikolasha, militiaman
* Anastasia Voznesenskaya as Yuliya, on duty at the hotel
* Aleksandr Shirvindt as Shurik, pianist
* Tatyana Dogileva as Marina, on duty at the hotel
* Olga Volkova as Violetta, waitress
* Raisa Etush as Lyuda, waitress
* Viktor Bortsov as drunken visitor restaurant
* Anatoli Skoryakin as commandant
* Stanislav Sadalsky as drunk man with a carburetor
* Alla Budnitskaya as Masha, Platon's wife
* Eldar Ryazanov as Railroad Supervisor
# Leduc 0.10

The Leduc 0.10 is a research aircraft built in France, one of the world's first aircraft to fly powered solely by a ramjet.

## Design and development

Designed by René Leduc in 1938, it was built at the Breguet Aviation factory after a protracted, semi-secret construction phase kept at arm's length from German occupation authorities, and was finally completed in 1947. The aircraft featured a double-walled fuselage, with the pilot controlling the aircraft from within the inner shell. The circular gap between this and the outer, cylindrical shell provided the inlet for the ramjet.

## Testing

It could not take off unassisted (ramjets cannot produce thrust at zero airspeed and thus cannot move an aircraft from a standstill) and was therefore intended to be carried aloft by a parasite aircraft mother ship, such as the four-engined AAS 01A & -B German-origin designs or the French-designed Sud-Est Languedoc four-engined airliners, and released at altitude. Following test flights of the SE.161 Languedoc/Leduc 0.10 composite, independent unpowered gliding tests began in October 1947. After three such flights, the first powered flight from atop an Languedoc mother ship was made on 21 April 1949 over Toulouse. Released in a shallow dive at an altitude of 3,050 m (10,010 ft), the engine was tested at half power for twelve minutes, propelling the aircraft to 680 km/h (420 mph).
In subsequent tests, the 0.10 reached a top speed of Mach 0.85 and demonstrated the viability of the ramjet as an aviation powerplant, with a rate of climb of 40 m/s (7,900 ft/min) to 11,000 metres (36,000 ft), exceeding that of the best jet fighters of the time.
Of the two 0.10s originally built, one was destroyed in a crash in 1951 and the other severely damaged in another crash the following year. Both pilots survived with serious injuries.

## 0.11/ 0.16/ Third 0.10

In addition to these, a third aircraft was built, designated 0.11 (0.16 in one source). Generally similar to the 0.10, it featured a Turbomeca Marbore I turbojet on each wingtip, to provide better control during landings. This first flew on 8 February 1951, but was converted back to 0.10 standards (and thereafter referred to as Leduc 010 n°03) a few months later after problems occurred, including misting of the pilot's windows, powerplant synchronization, and wing deflection caused by the turbojets. The engines were replaced by inert mass balances. This aircraft flew 83 test flights, and is preserved at Le Bourget.

## Subsequent prototypes

The larger Leduc 0.21 flew from an air launch on 16 May 1953, and the swept wing supersonic Leduc 0.22 interceptor began testing on 26 December 1956 with a SNECMA Atar turbojet before the program was terminated in 1958.

## Specifications (0.10)

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: two
* Length: 10.25 m (33 ft 7 in)
* Wingspan: 10.52 m (34 ft 6 in)
* Wing area: 16.0 m$^2$ (172 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 1,700 kg (3,740 lb)
* Gross weight: 2,800 kg (6,173 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Leduc ramjet , 15.7 kN (3,520 lbf) thrust
Performance
* Maximum speed: 800 km/h (500 mph, 430 kn)
# Petra Hildér

Annette Petra Hildér (born 5 February 1967) is a Swedish former freestyle swimmer. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
Hildér represented Järfälla Sim.
# Leo Michelson

Leo Michelson (Latvian: Leo Mihelsons; 12 May 1887 – 10 April 1978) was a Latvian-American artist considered part of the École de Paris, although his works span many periods and styles.

## Biography

Michelson was born in Riga, Latvia. He attended the Imperial Academy in St. Petersburg, Russia, and then the University of Tartu (then called the University of Dorpat) in Tartu, Russian Empire.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 forced Michelson to leave Russia for Munich, Germany, where he participated in the beginnings of German Expressionism.
By 1920 Michelson was living in Paris and had established an international reputation for his paintings, prints, and sculptures. As a prominent member of the Paris School his works were shown in major exhibits throughout Western Europe, the Soviet Union, and the United States. After the fall of Paris to Nazi Germany in 1939, Michelson fled to New York City, where he spent the rest of his life.
Michelson is described as an "eternal emigrant, eternal student" because he was always studying and experimenting with new styles. Michelson actually carried crayons with him so he could sketch where ever he was. Art historians have compared Michelson to both Chagall and Picasso, but it was Titian who Michelson said was his inspiration.
Michelson painted over 1,000 paintings. He died on 10 April 1978. His widow, Janine, selected Marshall, Texas, as the permanent home for her late husband's works. in what is known as the Michelson Museum of Art
# Thomas J. Farrell (medievalist)

Thomas J. Farrell is an American medievalist. A professor of English and head of the English department at Stetson University, Florida, he specializes in Geoffrey Chaucer. Farrell, holder of a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan, is a contributing editor for the Sources & Analogues of the Canterbury Tales (2002) and editor of Bakhtin and Medieval Voices (1996).
# Marko Balabanov

Marko Dimitriev Balabanov (Bulgarian: Марко Димитриев Балабанов; 1837 – 16 June 1921) was a Bulgarian politician and diplomat. He was the first Minister of Foreign Affairs of the country and served twice on that post. He was also briefly Chairperson of the National Assembly of Bulgaria. Balabanov was a member of the Conservative Party and the Progressive Liberal Party.

## Biography
### Early years

Marko Balabanov was born in 1837 in Klisura, then in Ottoman Bulgaria, in the family of a hodden artisan. He studied in a monastery school in his home village and then under the patronage of bishop Konstantius of Bursa graduated the Halki seminary. In the following years he studied law in Athens and Paris, medicine in Paris and philosophy in Heidelberg. In 1870 he settled in Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, and practiced as a lawyer and a journalist. He worked for the establishment of an independent Bulgarian Exarchate. In 1871, Balabanov was a representative of the Plovdiv Diocese at the first Bulgarian Church–People's Assembly in Istanbul and was elected a secretary of the Holy Synod. He was among the delegates who signed the newly adopted Statute of the Bulgarian Exarchate on 14 May 1871. He was an editor of the Chitalishte magazine until 1871 and of the Vek newspaper in 1874–1876, both issued in Istanbul. In the autumn of 1876, together with Dragan Tsankov, he toured Europe to present the plight of the Bulgarian people after the bloody suppression of the Bulgaria April Uprising.

### Political career

Following the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 and the Liberation of Bulgaria, Balabanov served as a vice governor of Svishtov and Rise in the interim Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria. He was a member of the Constituent National Assembly in 1879 as a representative of the Conservative Party. Balabanov was appointed as the first Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria under the first government of the country under Prime Minister Todor Burmov and served on that post for several month in 1879. In 1880–1883 he was a diplomatic representative in the Ottoman Empire. In 1882 he joined the a wing of the Liberal Party under Dragan Tsankov, which became the Progressive Liberal Party in 1884. He again served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1883–1884 in the second and third government of Dragan Tsankov. He briefly served as the Chairperson of the National Assembly of Bulgaria of the 11th National Assembly of Bulgaria in 1901–1902.
Marko Balabanov taught Greek language and literature in 1889–1884 and Roman, Byzantine and Church law in 1892–1902 in Sofia University. He was dean of the university's Faculty of Law in 1896–1897. In 1881 he became a correspondent member of the Bulgarian Academy of Science and three years later became a full member of the institution. In 1902–1903 he served as a diplomatic representative in Romania and in 1905 — in Greece.
Marko Balabanov died on 16 June 1921 in Sofia.
# Bette Franke

Bette Franke (born 3 December 1989 in Heemskerk, North Holland) is a Dutch model. At fourteen years old, she was discovered by Dutch modeling agent Wilma Wakker in Amsterdam, while shopping with her mother.
She debuted during the Spring 2006 season in Milan as a Jil Sander exclusive, later going on to book Hermès, Emanuel Ungaro and Dries van Noten in Paris. Franke has been featured in runway shows for Balenciaga, Calvin Klein, Chanel, Chloé, and Prada, among many other high-profile designers. Franke has been featured in print advertisements for Dolce & Gabbana, Oscar de la Renta, Celine, Yves Saint Laurent and Stella McCartney.
She has been featured on the cover of Dutch "Avantgarde" in February 2007, alongside fellow Dutch models Kim Noorda and Sophie Vlaming. Bette was on the cover of Japanese "Numéro" in November 2007 and the Cover of ELLE France July 2021.
Franke is signed with DNA Model Management in New York, VIVA Model Management in Paris and Why Not model management in Milan. Her mother agent is Wilma Wakker, in Amsterdam.
She is married to Ilja Cornelisz; a researcher in economics and education who is based in Amsterdam.
# Birgitta Lindqvist

Birgitta Lindqvist, later Vickström (24 July 1942 – 24 February 2010) was a Swedish cross-country skier. She competed in three events at the 1972 Winter Olympics.

## Cross-country skiing results
### Olympic Games

| Year | Age | 5 km | 10 km | 3 × 5 km  relay |
| 1972 | 29 | 32 | 28 | 8 |
# 2025 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 59 kg

The women's 59 kilograms competition at the 2025 World Weightlifting Championships.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Event |

## Medalists

* Event
* Snatch
* Clean & Jerk
* Total

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world records were as follows.
| World Record | Snatch | Kim Il-gyong (PRK) | 111 kg | Hangzhou, China | 2 October 2023 |
| World Record | Clean & Jerk | Kim Il-gyong (PRK) | 141 kg | Manama, Bahrain | 9 December 2024 |
| World Record | Total | Kim Il-gyong (PRK) | 249 kg | Manama, Bahrain | 9 December 2024 |

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Group | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total |
| Rank | Athlete | Group | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | Total |
# Rachid Ghaflaoui

Rachid Ghaflaoui (Arabic: رشيد الغفلاوي; born January 1, 1973) is a Moroccan football coach. He is the current coach of the Moroccan club AS Salé which plays in the Botola 2.

## Career

Born in Marrakech in Morocco, Ghaflaoui was appointed in 2014 as coach of Nigerien club Sahel SC, before joining Congolese club Sanga Balende in February 2016, which he managed to qualify for the Confederation Cup by finishing third place of the Congolese champion.
In November 2017, he re-signed with the Nigerien club Sahel SC, a club with which he won the country's Cup and Supercup during the same season, before signing with the Ivorian club Williamsville Athletic Club the following season.
In 2020, he joined the Guinean club Académie SOAR, then in 2021, the Bahraini club Bahrain SC with which he will achieve the promotion to the Bahraini Premier League.

## Honours

* Niger Cup: 2017
* Niger Super Cup: 2017
* Champion of Bahraini Second Division: 2022
# Jess Hamill

Jessica Helen Gillan (née Hamill, born 20 July 1990) is a New Zealand paralympic athlete and shotputter. She represented New Zealand at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing and the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, the latter where she won a bronze medal in the Women's shot put F34.
At the 2010 Commonwealth Games she won a silver medal in the F34 Shot put for elite athletes with a disability.
At the 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships, Hamill won a silver medal in the women's shot put F34, earning her automatic qualification for the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro. She was officially confirmed to represent New Zealand at the Paralympics on 23 May 2016.