OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sheryl Sculley

Sheryl Lee Sculley (born May 1, 1952) is an American politician and the former city manager of San Antonio, Texas, a position which she filled from November 2005 until March 2019. Her unusually long tenure was highly controversial because of her lucrative compensation, doubling from $250,000 in 2005 to upwards of $500,000 as of 2015.

## Background

Sheryl Sculley was born in Indiana and reared in Chicago, Illinois. Her father was a Democratic precinct committeeman in northwestern Indiana. His involvement in politics and her participation in Girls State helped cultivate her early interest in local government.
Sculley obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Political Science and Journalism from Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana. She attended BSU on a journalism scholarship and later earned a Master of Public Administration degree from Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Michigan. She also completed executive programs for both local and state government from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

## Career

Sculley's first interest was as political journalist. Her first job out of college was with the city of Kalamazoo. She was elevated to city manager there and served in that position for fifteen years. Sculley moved to Phoenix, Arizona, where for sixteen years she was the assistant city manager. Sculley then moved to San Antonio as the city manager.
Among her achievements in San Antonio, Sculley pushed for the $325 million expenditure in 2016 to renovate the downtown Henry B. González Convention Center. She worked to increase the number of conventions coming into the city. She worked in 2016 for the designation of San Antonio Missions National Historical Park as a World Heritage Site. She further backed the expansion of the San Antonio River Walk from three miles to more than fifteen. In 2015, at the annual gathering of the San Antonio Convention & Visitors Bureau, Sculley was honored with the Robert H. H. Hugman Award for her contributions to the city. Sculley pushed strongly to promote expanded tourism in her city. She worked in 2016 to make the Convention & Visitors Bureau into a public-private nonprofit organization renamed Visit San Antonio.
After her retirement as city manager, Sculley moved to Austin, Texas to teach advanced public management at the University of Texas at Austin's Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs.

## Personal life

Sculley and her husband, Michael James Sculley, have two children. Michael Sculley was appointed by the Bexar County Commissioners Court as director of the Community Venues Program Office.
# Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy, and Sexual Hysteria

Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy, and Sexual Hysteria is a 1994 book by Richard Ofshe and Ethan Watters, published by Scribner's. It is critical of recovered memory movements, allegations of abuse by Satanic cults, and multiple-personality disorder diagnoses. Ofshe, who won a Pulitzer Prize for his news reporting, is a University of California, Berkeley professor of social psychology. Watters is a freelance writer.
It makes use of various case studies, including the George Franklin case. The book does not mention the Marilyn Van Derbur case.
Katy Butler of the Los Angeles Times was "not the dispassionate work of scientists". John F. Kihlstrom of Yale University, citing the authors' "anger" at the phenomenon of recovered memories, stated "There is nothing dispassionate about this book."

## Reception

Kihlstrom wrote a positive book review in the New England Journal of Medicine, stating that it was "a jeremiad, calling the field to police itself before the fall of recovered-memory therapy takes legitimate psychotherapy down with it."
Butler argued that the book "persuasively" made its arguments. She stated that it does not "discuss many other cases that might contradict these books' central article of faith" and that the authors were "remarkably uninterested in the vagaries of memory of those who have sexually abused children." Butler concluded that while the book was a positive development for people who were falsely accused of sexual misconduct, she was afraid it would cause the formation of experts doubting sexual abuse victims and that it would "once again silence women and men from speaking--and being believed--about very real abuse".
In 1994 Publishers Weekly stated that the book was "the most thoroughgoing and powerful critique to date of the use of recovered memories in psychotherapy."
# Tanin gas field

The Tanin gas field (Hebrew: מאגר תנין, "Crocodile reservoir" or “Taninn reservoir”) is a natural gas reservoir located 120 km off the coast of Israel. It is the country's seventh natural gas discovery, located nearby the much larger Leviathan gas field.
On 5 February 2012 Noble Energy reported that the Ensco 5006 drilling rig (formerly the Pride North America) had struck gas at a depth of 5,500 m. Preliminary estimates put the potential for natural gas at Tanin at 1.2-1.3 trillion cubic feet. A subsequent report evaluated the field as containing 1.1 trillion cubic feet of natural gas: 0.6 TCF proven (contingent) reserves and 0.5 TCF prospective. Tanin is located within the Alon A license, in which three companies are partners: Noble Energy (47%), Delek Drilling (26.5%), and Avner Oil Exploration (26.5%). It is Israel's third-largest natural gas reservoir.
Due to Noble Energy and Delek (and its subsidiary Avner’s) monopolistic position in the domestic natural gas production market, they were forced by the Israeli government to divest most of their rights in the Tanin and nearby Karish fields in 2016. The rights were acquired by the Greek exploration company Energean Oil & Gas. As of 2018, Energean has signed supply contracts with customers in Israel which account for all of the proven reserves in the two fields (at a production rate of 4.2 BCM per year). In March 2019 Energean intends to begin drilling exploration wells in order to assess the viability of the fields’ additional prospective and contingent reserves. In November 2019, Tsabar Gas and Oil, which is controlled by Beny Steinmetz, filed a lawsuit against Energean with the claim that Energean did not abide by its agreements with Tsabar involving Tanin and that Energean had denied Tsabar its fair share.
Gas production from Tanin is expected after the Karish field goes online in 2022 and will be carried out using an FPSO vessel connected by a submarine pipeline to the Israeli domestic natural gas distribution grid.
# Brush-tailed porcupine

The brush-tailed porcupines are a genus, Atherurus, of Old World porcupines found in Asia and Africa.

## Characteristics

The brush-tailed porcupines have bodies covered in quills like their New World relatives. These quills are shorter and not as visually prominent as those seen in the genus Hystrix, but considerably more so than in Trichys. They have a prominent tuft on the tip of their tails which leads to their common name. The tail breaks off easily when the animal is threatened.
Their bodies are long and somewhat rat-like. They are forest dwellers and nocturnal, and feed on vegetation, but may take insects or carrion. The animals may live in social groups usually numbering six to eight. The longevity record for a captive animal was almost 23 years.
Due to their small size (the typical brush-tailed porcupine weighs about 3 kg), it is a popular bushmeat to the urban and rural residents of Gabon, Nigeria, Cameroon or Congo.

## Species

The two species of Atherurus, an Asian and an African variety, are:
* A. africanus – African brush-tailed porcupine
* A. macrourus – Asiatic brush-tailed porcupine

## Predators

The brush-tailed porcupine has many native predators: leopards, large raptors and snakes; however, humans are their most prominent and constant predators. The brush-tailed porcupine is hunted in such large quantities, many in those areas fear that it is no longer a sustainable option.
# Pulavanchi

Pulavanchi is a village located in Madukkur Panchayat Union, Pattukkottai Taluk, in the Thanjavur District, of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
The name Pulavanchi is derived from a combination of pulamai (the name talent) and vanchi (woman), named after people who used to occupy the area. Now, the population is primarily Vellalar, Kallar, Aachariyar, Thevar, Naadar. Paraiyar(dalits).
Kalyanaodai Vaikal splits from Puthu Aru Vaikal that too is separated from Kaveri River by Kallanai Dam rivers. The village is surrounded by fields of crops and coconut trees. There are also many ponds and a large lake. The village is one of 15 selected for the Tamil Nadu Green Village Award.
Pulavanchi village is surrounded by greenery and several water resources. A branch of the Kalyanaodai vaikal canal, originating from the Cauvery River, flows through its centre, providing irrigation for the surrounding paddy, coconut, and sugarcane farms. The village's location near irrigation canals and water storage areas, known as kavalam, further enhances its agricultural productivity.
Ration Shop: under public distribution system - Madukkur Panchayat Union General Distribution Center. Thanjavur District Co-Operative General Distribution Services Limited Post Office
The village is also one of the 36 constituency villages of Musukunda Nadu. In 2018, Cyclone Gaja devastated South India, killing 45 people and causing severe damage. Pulavanchi, was also heavily affected. In response, the government allocated funds.
# Dryopteris filix-mas

Dryopteris filix-mas, the male fern, is a common fern of the temperate Northern Hemisphere, native to much of Europe, Asia, and North America. It favours damp shaded areas in the understory of woodlands, but also shady places on hedge-banks, and rocks, and screes. Near the northern limit of its distribution it prefers sunny, well-drained sites. It is much less abundant in North America than in Europe.

## Description

The semi-evergreen leaves have an upright habit and reach a maximum length of 150 cm (59 in), with a single crown on each rootstock. The bipinnate leaves consist of 20–35 pinnae on each side of the rachis. The leaves taper at both ends, with the basal pinnae about half the length of the middle pinnae. The pinules are rather blunt and equally lobed all around. The stalks are covered with orange-brown scales. On the abaxial surface of the mature blade 5 to 6 sori develop in two rows. When the spores ripen in August to November, the indusium starts to shrivel, leading to the release of the spores.
This species hybridises easily with Dryopteris affinis (scaly male fern) and Dryopteris oreades (mountain male fern).

## Names

The plant is sometimes referred to in ancient literature as worm fern, reflecting its former use against tapeworm.
Its specific epithet filix-mas means "male fern" (filix "fern", mas "male"), as the plant was thought to be the male version of the common lady fern Athyrium filix-femina. being robust in appearance and vigorous in growth.
The Finnish name kivikkoalvejuuri refers to the anti-cestoda (tapeworm) medical use it has had (see Culture section), as alve is an old word for cestoda.

## Cultivation & uses

Numerous cultivars have been selected for garden use. The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:
* D. filix-mas
* 'Crispa Cristata'
* 'Cristata'
* 'Grandiceps Wills'
* 'Linearis Polydactyla'

## Culture

D. filix-mas is culturally named the title plant of Nurmijärvi, the municipality in Uusimaa, Finland. The reason is that the plant is related to the first Finnish pharmaceutical factory located in Nurmijärvi in 1899–1964. The pharmaceutical factory founded by the pharmacist Albin Koponen made Diphyllobothrium latum and cestoda medicines called Filisin and Filicon, the raw material of which was the rhizome of D. filix-mas. The rhizomes were still collected in the locality in the 1960s. The medicine was also used to treat liver fluke in sheep in Finland.

## Toxicity

The rhizomes of D. filix-mas are toxic. Doses too big can cause serious poisoning, blindness and even death.
# Lotte Vestergaard

Lotte Vestergaard (born 18 July 1997) is a Danish handball player who currently plays for Hadsten Håndbold.
On 12 April 2020, it was announced that she had signed a 2-year contract with Skanderborg Håndbold, from Hadsten Håndbold. She returned to Hadsten Håndbold after 3 years at Skanderborg.

## Achievements

* Danish Cup:
** Winner: 2016
# Mohamed Abouelghar

Mohamed Abouelghar (born 1 October 1993) is a professional squash player who represents Egypt. He reached a career-high ranking of World No. 7 in June 2019. As part of the Egypt team, he won the 2019 men's gold medal at the World Team Championships held in Washington D.C.

## Titles and Finals
### Major Finals (1)

Major tournaments include:
* PSA World Championships
* PSA World Tour Finals
* Top-tier PSA World Tour tournaments (Platinum/World Series/Super Series)
| Year/Season | Tournament | Opponent | Result | Score |
| 2018-19 | PSA World Tour Finals | Karim Abdel Gawad | Loss (1) | 10-12 6-11 11-5 11-8 10-12 |
# Artibonite Valley

Artibonite Valley (French: Vallée de l'Artibonite) is a valley predominantly in Haiti, on the island of Hispaniola. The Artibonite River flows through the valley, with headwaters in the Dominican Republic as well.
The valley's watershed provides vital ecosystem services on which the socio-economic development of one of the poorest areas of the Dominican Republic and Haiti depends. These services have been adversely impacted by deforestation, inappropriate land use, and harmful agricultural practices, which cumulatively have resulted in severe land degradation and threats to water resources.
# Emanuel Papper

Emanuel Martin Papper (July 12, 1915 – December 3, 2002) was an American anesthesiologist, professor, and author.

## Early life

Papper was born in a Harlem tenement on July 12, 1915, the son of two immigrants. He attended Boys High School in Brooklyn and graduated in 1931. From there he moved on to Columbia College, where, with the help of a scholarship, he obtained his AB degree, Phi Beta Kappa, in 1935. Following college, Papper obtained a medical degree from New York University in 1938.

## Medical career

After medical school, Papper was appointed a fellow in medicine at New York University. In 1939, he had an internship at Bellevue Hospital, which included a one-month rotation at that institution's Department of Anesthesiology, headed by Emery Rovenstine. This short exposure prompted Papper to research the discipline further. Following his internship, he took an NYU Fellowship under Homer W. Smith, before returning to Bellevue for a residency under Rovenstine from 1940 to 1942.
World War II temporarily disrupted Papper's career trajectory. He served as a major in the Army Medical Corps from 1942 through 1946. He served as chief of the Section on Anesthesiology at Torney General Hospital in Palm Springs and Dibble General Hospital in Menlo Park before being sent to the European theater. Upon his return home, he served as chief of Anesthesiology and Operating Rooms at Walter Reed. For his service, he was awarded the Army Commendation Medal.
At the end of his service, he returned to Bellevue as the first assistant director at Bellevue Hospital.

## Later life

In 1949, Papper accepted a position at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, where he served as professor and director of anesthesiology. He remained at Columbia until 1969, establishing an independent Department of Anesthesiology there, just as Rovenstine had at New York. At the time, it was only the fourth such department in the country, and Papper was the youngest ever director.
Papper was appointed dean in 1969 of the University of Miami School of Medicine and vice president for Medical Affairs, which he held until 1981. After his retirement as dean, he enrolled in the English PhD program at the university, obtaining his new degree in 1990. His work for the program led to the publication of his book Romance, Poetry, and Surgical Sleep: Literature Influences Medicine.

## Books

* Romance, Poetry, and Surgical Sleep: Literature Influences Medicine ISBN 978-0313294051
# Mike Osepa

Michael Osepa (born 7 March 1991) is a Dutch basketball player who last played for Almere Sailors of the BNXT League. He was born on Curaçao and moved to the United States to play basketball. Standing at 1.91 m (6 ft 3 in), he plays as shooting guard.

## Career

After playing college basketball for Rockhurst University in the NCAA Division III, Osepa moved to the Netherlands where he played for amateur clubs Almere Pioneers and Landslake Lions.
In September 2020, Osepa signed a contract with newly found club Almere Sailors. In the 2020–21 Dutch Basketball League, he captained Almere and averaged 8.0 points per game. On 14 July 2021, he extended his contract with the team for one more year. Later, it was announced that the Sailors withdrew and became inactive due to financial problems.
# Roads of Destiny

Roads of Destiny is a 1921 American silent drama film produced and distributed by Goldwyn Pictures. The film is based on the 1909 short story of the same name by O. Henry that was turned into a play by Channing Pollock starring Florence Reed. Frank Lloyd directed and stage actress Pauline Frederick starred. The film is now considered lost.

## Plot

As summarized in a film publication, David Marsh (Bowers), an inventor, is in love with Ann Hardy (Novak), but his brother Lewis also loves her. Lewis previously loved Rose Merritt (Frederick), but betrayed her and has cast her off. When he sees the success of David with Ann, Lewis reproaches his brother and threatens to end his own life unless he can marry Ann. David, overcome with these events, sinks into an armchair and falls asleep. In his dreams, the figure of Fate (George) appears and tells him that no matter which road he takes, he will find happiness with Ann and will marry her only. Then follow three dreams, one taking place in the North, one in the West, and one in his home town. When he awakes, he finds that Lewis was greeted with the same apparition and has decided to marry Rose, while David marries Ann.

## Cast

* Pauline Frederick as Rose Merritt
* John Bowers as David Marsh
* Richard Tucker as Lewis Marsh
* Jane Novak as Ann Hardy
* Hardee Kirkland as Mr. Hardy
* Willard Louis as McPherson
* Maude George as Fate
* Maurice B. Flynn as Colby
# Laurence Pullar

Laurence Pullar FRSE FRGS FRSGS LLD (1838–1926) was a 19th-century Scottish businessman, geographer and philanthropist. A close friend of Sir John Murray he appears to have done much to fund and/or underwrite the cost of the Challenger Expedition.

## Life

He was born on 13 September 1838 at 36 Mill Street in Perth the son of John Pullar (1803–1878) a dyer who later founded Pullars of Perth and who was Provost of Perth 1867 to 1873. He later became a principal partner in the company, and ran the huge Keirfield Manufacturing Works on the south side of Bridge of Allan, assisted by his younger brother Edmund Pullar.
A keen amateur geographer, Pullar's name attaches to an impressive bathymetric chart of Loch Assynt dated 1885, and he appears to have been a competent surveyor and draughtsman. In this task he appears to have utilised the same equipment as later used by Sir John Murray and entitled by Sir John "Pullar's Sounding Machine".
In 1895 Sir John Murray awarded him a Challenger Medal for his contributions to the Challenger Expedition. The Medal reads "in recognition of his generosity in the promotion of scientific research".
In 1897 Pullar funded the four year survey of Scottish fresh water lochs by Sir John Murray, but on condition that Murray employed his son, Frederick, on the project (who proved more than able). The study resulted in the publication of the "Bathymetrical Survey of Scottish Fresh-Water Lochs" (1908).
In 1903 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir John Murray, Alexander Buchan, George Chrystal and Sir Arthur Mitchell.
He died in Bridge of Allan on 22 December 1926 and was buried in Logie Kirkyard, east of Stirling with his son Frederick Pullar and other family members. The double sided memorial has a bronze by sculptor George Frampton.

## Family

He was married to Ellen Ferguson Pattison. Their children included Frederick Pullar tragically drowned in 1901.
Laurence's siblings included James Frederick Pullar and Sir Robert Pullar.
# Hélène David

Hélène David (born 1953) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2014 provincial election. She represented the electoral district of Outremont from 2014 to 2018, and represented the district of Marguerite-Bourgeoys from 2018 to 2022, as a member of the Quebec Liberal Party. David was Minister of Culture and Communications and Minister Responsible for the Protection and Promotion of the French Language from 2014 to 2016 in the Couillard government, then Minister Responsible for Higher Education from 2016 to 2018.

## Biography

David was born, raised and educated in Outremont. She holds a PhD in clinical psychology from the Université de Montréal. In 1984 she started to work as an instructor in psychopathology and women's and maternal issues. She is also a member of various university committees, overseer of psychology graduate programs, deputy director of the Department of Psychology, and vice-rector of academic affairs, international relations, and the Francophonie at the university.
From 2008 to 2010 she was assistant deputy minister for higher education in the Ministry of Education, Recreation and Sports under then-Premier Jean Charest.
She received the Simone Chouinard Award from the Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, and the International Cesare Sacerdoti Award from the International Psychoanalytical Association. In 1977 became a member of the Quebec College of Psychologists, and served for many years on the board of the Montreal Heart Institute.

## Personal life

She is the younger sister of Françoise David, a member of the National Assembly for the Québec solidaire party from 2012 to 2017. When asked about her sister, she said that the two have "known for a long time that we’re not necessarily from the same political family." Hélène is a federalist, while Françoise is a sovereigntist. However, Hélène shares Françoise's staunch feminism; she considers herself "allergic to all domination of women by men."
Her other siblings include Pierre David, a film producer, and Charles-Philippe David, a political science professor at the Université du Québec à Montréal.
Her father is Paul David, a former cardiologist and PC Senator under former Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.
On February 22, 2016 she became Minister of Higher Education.