OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle

Flexor digitorum superficialis (flexor digitorum sublimis) or flexor digitorum communis sublimis is an extrinsic flexor muscle of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints.
It is in the anterior compartment of the forearm. It is sometimes considered to be the deepest part of the superficial layer of this compartment, and sometimes considered to be a distinct, "intermediate layer" of this compartment. It is relatively common for the Flexor digitorum superficialis to be missing from the little finger, bilaterally and unilaterally, which can cause problems when diagnosing a little finger injury.

## Structure

The muscle has two classically described heads – the humeroulnar and radial – and it is between these heads that the median nerve and ulnar artery pass. The ulnar collateral ligament of elbow joint gives its origin to part of this muscle.
Four long tendons come off this muscle near the wrist and travel through the carpal tunnel formed by the flexor retinaculum. These tendons, along with those of flexor digitorum profundus, are enclosed by a common flexor sheath. The tendons attach to the anterior margins on the bases of the intermediate phalanges of the four fingers. These tendons have a split (Camper's Chiasm) at the end of them through which the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus pass.

### Innervation

The Flexor digitorium superficialis muscle is innervated by the median nerve (C7, C8, T1).

## Function

The primary function of flexor digitorum superficialis is flexion of the middle phalanges of the four fingers (excluding the thumb) at the proximal interphalangeal joints, however under continued action it also flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist joint.
To test flexor digitorum superficialis, one finger is flexed at the proximal interphalangeal joint against resistance, while the remaining three fingers are held fully extended (to inactivate flexor digitorum profundus).

## Additional images

* Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina.
* Cross-section through the middle of the forearm.
* Transverse section across the wrist and digits.
* The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the front of the wrist and digits.
* The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface.
* The radial and ulnar arteries.
* Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
* Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
* Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
* Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
* Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
* Muscles of upper limb. Cross section.
# Janika Sprunger

Janika Sprunger (born 29 May 1987) is a Swiss Olympic show jumping rider. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where she finished 6th in the Team and 37th in the individual competition.
Sprunger also participated at the European Show Jumping Championships (in 2013 and 2015). She won a team bronze medal at the 2015 Europeans in Aachen, Germany. Meanwhile, her current best individual placement is 7th place since 2013.
# Bristol board

Bristol board (also referred to as Bristol paper or super white paper) is an uncoated, machine-finished paperboard.

## History

It is not named after the city of Bristol in the southwest of England but rather after Frederick Hervey, 4th Earl of Bristol, a prolific art collector.

## Sizes

Common sizes include 22+1⁄2 in × 28+1⁄2 in (572 mm × 724 mm) and its bulk thickness is 0.006 inches (0.15 mm) or higher and A4, A3, A2 and A1. Bristol board may be rated by the number of plies it contains, basis weight, or, in Europe, by its grammage of 220 to 250 g/m$^2$. It is normally white, but is also made in different colours.

## Applications

Bristol paper is used for printing documents, brochures, promotional materials and envelopes. It is often used for water color painting. It is also used for paperback book or catalog covers, file folders, tags, and tickets. Another use is for scale models; some students use this kind of paper for the walls in their scale models. One-ply Bristol is thin enough to be translucent, and two and three ply bristol are the most popular thicknesses.
Bristol board is commonly used for technical drawing, illustration projects, comic book art, and other two-dimensional art forms. It provides two working surfaces, front and back. This quality separates it from illustration board, which has only a front working surface.
The surface texture is either plate or vellum. Plate finish is as smooth as glass, and is very good for pen and ink. Vellum (or kid) finish is a medium texture more appropriate to friction-based media, such as crayon, chalks, or charcoal. A third finish, engravers or wedding, may be used for formal engraved wedding invitations.
# Keely Moy

Keely Moy (born April 23, 1998) is a Swiss-American ice hockey forward. She competed in the 2022 Winter Olympics.

## Career

Moy played college ice hockey at Harvard University beginning in 2017. She moved to Switzerland in 2020 to play for HC Ladies Lugano. By playing one season in the Swiss league and living in Switzerland for eight months, she was eligible to represent Switzerland in international competitions. She was a member of the Swiss team at the 2022 Winter Olympics, assisting a goal in a 4–2 win over the ROC to send Switzerland to the semifinals of the tournament.

## Personal life

Moy attends Harvard, where she is studying for a degree in economics. Her older brother Tyler is also an ice hockey player who was drafted by the Nashville Predators in 2015. She was eligible to represent Switzerland through her mother, who was born in Lucerne.
# Peace and Collaborative Development Network

Peace and Collaborative Development Network (PCDN) is an online network, used to foster connections, share information and inspire the work of those in social change. It was founded by Craig Zelizer, a professor at Georgetown University, in 2007. The network currently has 35,000 members from over 180 countries and territories.

## History and Purpose

Founded in 2007, PCDN originally started as a platform to connect people working in international development and peacebuilding. In 2015, it launched PCDN 3.0 and expanded to cover the broader social changemaking fields which includes peacebuilding, international development, social entrepreneurship, social impact, gender mainstreaming and many other related areas. The 3.0 platform provides additional ways for members to receive information, locate fellow members, search for job, find relevant opportunities and provide more space for engagement.
PCDN is a membership driven platform. Membership can be individual or organizational. As a member, users can create a profile, contribute to discussions, create blog posts, chat with fellow members, or post information about jobs, research, questions, conferences and events. There are also a large number of guides available to members to help members be successful in their careers. Guides include topics such as careers, funding, research, social media/tech, and practice.
PCDN has office space at Washington, DC’s 1776, a start-up incubator.
The network attracts more than 100,000 unique visitors each month and over 300,000 website hits a month.
# Talegaon Dabhade (village)

Talegaon Dabhade is a village in India, situated in the Mawal taluka of Pune district in the state of Maharashtra. It encompasses an area of 2,478 ha (6,123 acres).

## Administration

The village is administered by a sarpanch, an elected representative who leads a gram panchayat. At the time of the 2011 Census of India, the gram panchayat governed four villages and was based at Adhale Budruk.

## Demographics

At the 2011 census, the village comprised 1711 households. The population of 7373 was split between 4060 males and 3313 females.
# Ethyl methacrylate

Ethyl methacrylate is the organic compound with the formula C$_2$H$_5$O$_2$CC(CH$_3$)=CH$_2$. A colorless liquid, it is a common monomer for the preparation of acrylate polymers. It is typically polymerized under free-radical conditions.
Ethyl methacrylate was first obtained by treating ethyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate with phosphorus pentachloride in a dehydration reaction.

## Environmental issues and health hazards

The related methyl and butyl methacrylates have respective acute LD$_{50}$s of 10 and 20 g/kg (oral, rat); a linear extrapolation suggests that ethyl methacrylate would have an LD$_{50}$ of approximately 13 g/kg.
Acrylate esters irritate the eyes and can cause blindness.
# Legacy of Blood

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| HipHopDX | 3.5/5 |
| laut.de | |
| PopMatters | 7/10 |
| RapReviews | 7/10 |
Legacy of Blood is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group Jedi Mind Tricks. It was released on August 24, 2004, via Babygrande Records. Production was handled by member Stoupe the Enemy of Mankind, with Chuck Wilson serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Des Devious, GZA, Killah Priest and Sean Price.

## Track listing
### Notes

* "Intro" samples "Make It Easy On Yourself" by The Walker Brothers and a promo from WWE wrestler Kane.
* "Saviorself" samples Sonya & Kevin Stewart "I Love You".
* "The Darkest Throne" samples dialogue from A Bronx Tale.
* "Farewell to the Flesh" samples comments from author Hunter S. Thompson and a monologue by Dolph Lundgren from the 1989 Punisher motion picture.
* "The Spirit of Hate" samples dialogue from Beneath the Planet of the Apes.
* "Of the Spirit and the Sun" samples an interview with Charles Manson.
* "Scars of The Crucifix" contains samples from the film The Addiction.
* "And So It Burns" contains samples from Giacomo Rondinella's "Keep on Lying".
* "The Philosophy of Horror" contains dialogue sample from 1970 film Cromwell.

## Personnel

* Vincenzo "Vinnie Paz" Luvineri – rap vocals (tracks: 2, 3, 5, 6, 8–12, 14, 15, 17, 19)
* Walter "Killah Priest" Reed – rap vocals (track 5)
* Gary "GZA" Grice – rap vocals (tracks: 6, 15)
* David "Des Devious" Edens – rap vocals (tracks: 9, 19)
* Sean Price – rap vocals (track 10)
* DJ Drew Dollars – scratches
* Kevin "Stoupe the Enemy of Mankind" Baldwin – producer
* Scott "Supe" Stallone – engineering, mixing
* Chris Conway – recording (tracks: 5, 10)
* J. Marty – recording (tracks: 6, 15)
* Chuck Wilson – executive producer
* Trevor "Karma" Gendron – design, layout
* Mike McRath – photography
* Chase Jones – management
* Jesse Stone – management

## Charts

| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 63 |
| US Independent Albums (Billboard) | 22 |
| US Heatseekers Albums (Billboard) | 19 |
# Ängsö Castle

Ängsö Castle (older spelling Engsö Castle) is a castle in Sweden, located near Västerås.

## Building

The castle is on the island of Ängsö in lake Mälaren. The castle is a cubical building in four stores made by stone and bricks. The lower parts is preserved from the Middle Ages. It was redecorated and expanded in the 1630s. The 4th storey as well as the roof is from the expansion of Carl Hårleman from 1740 to 1741. It gained its current appearance in the 1740s.

## History

It was first named as "Engsev" in a royal charter by king Canute I of Sweden (r. 1167–1196), in which he stated that he had inherited the property after his father Eric IX of Sweden. Until 1272, it was owned by the Riseberga Abbey, and then taken over by Gregers Birgersson.
From 1475 until 1710, it was owned by the Sparre family. The current castle was built as a fortress by riksråd Bengt Fadersson Sparre in the 1480s. In 1522, Ängsö Castle was taken after a siege by king Gustav Vasa, since its owner, Fadersson's son Knut Bengtsson, sided with Christian II of Denmark. However, in 1538 it was given by the king to Bengtsson's daughter Hillevi Knutsdotter, who was married to Arvid Trolle.
In 1710, the castle was taken over by Carl Piper and Christina Piper. Ängsö Castle was owned by the Piper family from 1710 until 1971, and is now owned by the Westmanna foundation. The castle building itself was made into a museum in 1959 and was made a listed building in 1965. It is currently opened to visitors during the summers.
# Högestad Castle

Högestad Castle (Swedish: Högestads gods) is an estate in Ystad Municipality in Scania, Sweden.

## History

During the Middle Ages, the estate was owned by the Archbishop of Lund. In 1635 it was owned by Danish statesman Palle Rosenkrantz (1587-1642) who built the main building, a two-story stone house with stairwells. Carl Piper (1647-1716) and his wife Christina Piper (1673–1752 bought the estate in 1706.
# Häckeberga Castle

Häckeberga Castle (Swedish: Häckeberga slott) is a mansion at Lund Municipality in Scania, Sweden. The estate dates back to the 14th century and is located on one of the seven islets of Lake Häckebergasjön. The manor house was built in French Renaissance style between 1873 and 1875 by Tönnes Wrangel von Brehmer after drawings by Helgo Zettervall (1831-1907). It currently (2022) hosts a boutique hotel, restaurant with former Michelin star chef and conference facility.
# Miguel Sanz

Miguel Sanz Sesma (born 16 September 1952) is a conservative Spanish politician of the Navarrese People's Union (UPN) and the president of the autonomous community of Navarre from 1996 to 2011.

## Biography

Originally a lecturer of primary education, Sanz later studied business administration at the University of Navarre. He served as the mayor of his hometown Corella from 1983 to 1987. He was also elected to the Parliament of Navarre in 1983 and served incessantly since that date. He was elected the vice-president of UPN in 1989 and became the vice-president of Navarre under UPN government of Juan Cruz Alli (1991–1995). He was elected the president of Navarre in 1996 and the chairman of UPN in 1997 until he was replaced by Yolanda Barcina, the mayor of Pamplona in 2009.
After eleven years in office, presidency of Sanz came under jeopardy after left wing and Basque nationalist parties won a majority in the Navarrese parliament in 2007. However, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party reached an agreement with UPN and Sanz was re-elected as president (in coalition with the Democrats' Convergence of Navarre), whereas socialist Elena Torres Miranda became the president of the parliament. In an interview with El País, he declared that he does not have the intention to run at the Navarrese elections in 2011.
Sanz has been known as a fierce opponent of Basque nationalism as well as fiscal centrism, the latter stance having led to termination of UPN's fraternal party relationship with the People's Party and the reappearance of the People's Party of Navarre in 2008.
# José Javier Pomés Ruiz

José Javier Pomés Ruiz (born 12 March 1952 in Pamplona, Navarra) was a Spanish politician and Member of the European Parliament with the People's Party, Member of the Bureau of the European People's Party and sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Budgetary Control and its Committee on Development.
He was a substitute for the Committee on Budgets, substitute for the Delegation to the EU-Chile Joint Parliamentary Committee.

## Education

* Graduate in law, University of Navarre
* Master's degree in economics and business administration, IESE Business School, Barcelona
* Seventeen years' experience in the private financial and business sector
* Former Secretary of UPN, member of the Parliament of Navarre
* held the portfolio for economics and finance in the Government of Navarre

## Career

* 1977-1979 Compañía Navarra de Autobuses. Director General. Pamplona.
* 1979-1982 Confederación Española de Sociedades de Garantía Reciproca. Director General, Madrid.
* 1982-1991 Lawyer. Pamplona.
* 1991-1993 Regional Minister of Economics, Budget an taxes. Gobierno de Navarra, Pamplona.
* 1993-1994 and 1996-2009: Member of the European Parliament
See alsoer: 2004 European Parliament election in Spain
* 2009-2011 : General Adviser, Core Team of European Parliament President. Brussels
* 2012-2014 : Lawyer and Public Affaires Consultor. London
* 2015-today: Lawyer and Public Affaires Consultor. Lisboa.
# Tiger Trap (album)

Tiger Trap is the only studio album by the American pop band Tiger Trap, released in 1993 through K Records. It was produced by Calvin Johnson. With about 10,000 copies sold, it was K Records' best-selling album until they released Beck's One Foot in the Grave the following year.

## Composition

Along with twee pop, Tiger Trap is musically aligned with "energetic" indie pop and "romantic" punk-pop. Maria Sherman of NPR observed, "unlike the Sacramento band's riot grrrl contemporaries in the Pacific Northwest, Tiger Trap's sugar-y sweet punk was more in line with U.K. guitar pop bands like Talulah Gosh ("You're Sleeping"), critical of DIY punk's preference for phalluses and articulating that defiance with post-adolescent crush songs."

## Critical reaction

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Billboard | (favorable) |
| Robert Christgau | |
The Chicago Tribune opined that "terrific three-part harmonies and a brace of killer melodies make Tiger Trap one of the year's more consistently pleasurable albums."
In 2014, Andrew Earles called the album "quintessential", and wrote that Tiger Trap "packed each song with at least one pop hook."

### Legacy and impact

Retrospectively, Tiger Trap has been held up as one of twee pop's most essential releases. In a 2005 essay called "Twee as Fuck", Pitchfork's Nitsuh Abebe "highly recommended" the album and highlighted two of its tracks, "Puzzle Pieces" and "My Broken Heart". In 2014, The A.V. Club's Paula Mejia dubbed it a "Possible gateway" into the genre. The following year, the site's Jason Heller wrote that the album "embodies twee," but added that "it’s also a forceful, potent, consummately melodic complement to the more strident sounds of riot grrrl that were raging around them at the time."
On a 2013 Complex list, Trap placed No. 40 out of indie rock's 50 best albums of the 1990s. Writer Philip Cosores saw its impact carry into numerous later groups like Allo Darlin', Veronica Falls, Colleen Green and Swearin'. Writing for The Stranger in 2016, Sean Nelson credited it with "set[ting] the aesthetic standard for NW indie pop forever after."

### Accolades

Critical rankings for Tiger Trap :
| Publication | Type | List | Year | Rank |
| Complex | Decade-end | The Best Indie Rock Albums of the '90s | 2013 | 40 |
| Pitchfork | Decade-end | The 25 Best Indie Pop Albums of the '90s | 2022 | -- |
| "--" indicates an unordered list. ||||||

## Track listing

* "Puzzle Pieces"
* "You're Sleeping"
* "Eight Wheels"
* "Supercrush"
* "Tore a Hole"
* "Words and Smiles"
* "For Sure"
* "You and Me"
* "Supreme Nothing"
* "Chester"
* "My Broken Heart"
* "Prettiest Boy"
# Sphaerocypraea

Sphaerocypraea is a genus of large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Eocypraeidae, belonging to the cowries and cowry allies.

## Species

* † Sphaerocypraea bowerbankii (Sowerby in Dixon, 1850)
* † Sphaerocypraea bullaeformis (Tate, 1898)
* † Sphaerocypraea camboritus Pacaud, 2018
* † Sphaerocypraea gallica Pacaud, 2018
* Sphaerocypraea incomparabilis (Briano, 1993)
* † Sphaerocypraea jacksonensis (C. W. Johnson, 1899)
* † † Sphaerocypraea levesquei (Deshayes, 1835)
* Sphaerocypraea paraguana (Ingram, 1947)
* † Sphaerocypraea tessieri (Amard, Collignon & Roman, 1983)
# Woltman sign

Woltman's sign (also called Woltman's sign of hypothyroidism or, in older references, myxedema reflex) is a delayed relaxation phase of an elicited deep tendon reflex, usually tested in the Achilles tendon of the patient.
Woltman's sign is named for Henry Woltman, an American neurologist.

## Associated conditions

The delayed ankle jerks are associated with:
* hypothyroidism;
* Huntington's disease;
* several neurological symptoms;
* anorexia nervosa;
* extreme old age;
* beta-blockers or other drugs; and/or
* hypothermia.

## History

In 1924, William Calvert Chaney (1888–1965), who worked under Henry Woltman at the Mayo Clinic, seems to have been the first to publish a description of the sign, but Woltman had no authorship and was not mentioned in Chaney's manuscript. The eponym "Woltman's sign of myxedema" was first published in 1956 at the time of Woltman's retirement.
# Eboa Lotin

Emmanuel Eboa Lotin (August 6, 1942 – October 6, 1997) was a Cameroonian musical artist who created music based on the style of Makossa, native to his home country.

## Early life

Lotin was born in the city of Douala, in Cameroon. His father was Adolph Lotin Same [fr], a Baptist pastor, who died when Eboa was 3. When he was a young child, his leg was paralyzed due to atrophy resulting from a quinine injection.
In 1962, Lotin recorded his first single "Mulema Mwam, Elimba Dikalo". Lotin was regarded as a major figure in the Makossa musical genre.
Lotin died on October 6, 1997.
# Discogobio antethoracalis

Discogobio antethoracalis is a species of cyprinid fish in the subfamily Labeoninae. It is endemic to the Panlong River, a tributary of the Red River in Yunnan, China. It can grow to 11.5 cm (4.5 in) standard length.
# Shaheen Khan (Indian actress)

Shaheen Khan, also credited as Sandhya, is an Indian actress who has appeared in Telugu, Tamil, and Kannada films. She played the role of Sandhya in three films in 3 languages. Those films all have the same storyline.
She has also appeared in music videos for Shankar Mahadevan, and has worked as a model with Fair & Lovely.
Shaheen later quit the film industry after her marriage.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Language | Notes |
| 2000 | Chiru Navvutho | Sandhya | Telugu | |
| 2001 | Premakke Sai | Sandhya | Kannada | Remake of Chiru Navvuto |
| 2001 | Darling Darling | Hemalatha | Telugu | |
| 2002 | Youth | Sandhya | Tamil | Remake of Chiru Navvuto |
# Elinzanetant

Elinzanetant (developmental code names BAY-3427080 GSK-1144814, NT-814) is an orally active small-molecule neurokinin/tachykinin NK$_1$ receptor and NK$_3$ receptor antagonist which is under development by Bayer, GlaxoSmithKline, and NeRRe Therapeutics for the treatment of hot flashes and "sex hormone disorders". It has been found to relieve hot flashes in postmenopausal women and to dose-dependently suppress luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and progesterone levels in premenopausal women. As of August 2021, elinzanetant is in phase 2 clinical trials for hot flashes and "sex hormone disorders". It was also under development for the treatment of schizophrenia and opioid-related disorders, but development was discontinued for these uses.