OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ethiopia–South Sudan border

The Ethiopia–South Sudan border stretches 1,114 kilometers from the tripoint of Sudan in the northern beginning of the Illemi Triangle disputed area between Kenya and South Sudan. The border was created by the sphere of influence of British colonial administration in May 1902, creating Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. It shares projecting border via Gambela Region of Ethiopia with 543 miles. Livelihood in this area often subjected exclusion from political, economic and other development associations as there is prevalence of armed insurgent groups like Gambela People's Liberation Movement, which engage in illicit trade, child abduction, cattle rustling and arm smuggling.
In 1956, the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) signed between the North and Southern Sudan to demarcate the border of Southern Sudan, and promoted by the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement. Since South Sudan gained independence in 2011, the most recent negotiation agreement was signed in Addis Ababa on 27 September 2012.

## Overview

The land boundary between Ethiopia and South Sudan was formed by the British colonial holdings (Kenya, Sudan, and Uganda) and the Ethiopian Empire in May 1902. It stretches 1,114 kilometers from tripoint of Sudan with Sudan in the north beginning of the Illemi Triangle disputed area between Kenya and South Sudan. This tripoint has subjected in dispute with Kenya, which has 214 km of boundary with Ethiopia, and claimed by South Sudan and Kenya.
The Ethiopia–South Sudan boundary shares protruding border with 543 miles along the border of Gambela Region in Ethiopia. People in this area considered minor, including lack of development, political participation, economic inclusion, infrastructure, and other public services. Furthermore, the conflict has suffered from persistent intergroup conflict perpetuated by insurgent groups like Gambela People's Liberation Movement and typically engage in illicit trade, child abduction, cattle rustling and arm smuggling. Both countries' central government lacked suitable relationship and borderland regions.
During the 1960s and 1970s, the Ethiopian government supported Southern Sudan factions such as the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) with arms, in response to Sudanese aid of armed movement against Emperor Haile Selassie and the Derg government.
On 1 January 1956, the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) and SPLM signed a treaty that ratifies Southern Sudan should be provincial boundary, and the proposal continued precedent set by the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement, which also support the southern region. Since South Sudan gained independence in 2011, the negotiation was moved far away from CPA as the central point of reference. The most recent relevant border agreement was signed in Addis Ababa on 27 September 2012, featuring physical description and delimitation and corresponding to recommendation of the Technical Committee for the 1/11956 Border Line Demarcation between North and South Sudan.
# 2021 in Scotland

Events from the year 2021 in Scotland.

## Incumbents

* First Minister – Nicola Sturgeon
* Secretary of Scotland – Alister Jack

## Events

* 4 February – 2021 Kilmarnock incidents lead to three deaths.
* 6 May – Elections to the devolved Scottish parliament take place. Voter turnout is the highest in a Scottish Parliament election to date, at 63.0%. The Scottish Nationalist Party improves its performance, finishing with 64 seats, just short of an overall majority. The Conservatives finish with 31 seats, Labour 22, Scottish Greens 8 and Liberal Democrats 4.
* 13 May
** 2021 Airdrie and Shotts by-election
** Kenmure Street protests: protests occur after two Indian men living on Kenmure Street in Glasgow are taken from their home and detained by the Home Office in a van on the street for allegedly overstaying their visas. The men are released after 8 hours.
* 28 May – Murder of Esther Brown in her Glasgow flat.
* 1–12 November – The 26th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP26), a major United Nations climate summit, is held in Glasgow.
* 25-27 November - Storm Arwen causes widespread damage and power outages across Scotland.

## Deaths

* 4 January – Kay Ullrich, politician, MSP 1999–2003 (born 1943)
* 12 January – Willie Miller, urban planner (born 1950)
* 14 January – Vincent Logan, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Dunkeld 1981–2012 (born 1941; COVID-19).
* 14 February – Sir William Macpherson, High Court judge and clan chief (born 1926)
* 11 May – Neil Connery, retired actor and younger brother of actor Sean Connery (born 1938)
* 21 May – Ken MacKinnon, Scottish Gaelic sociolinguist (born 1933)
* 17 June – Andrew Welsh, Scottish politician (born 1944)
* 12 August – Una Stubbs, English actress (born 1937 in England)
* 23 August – Elizabeth Blackadder, painter and printmaker (born 1931)
* 23 August – Colin Bell, journalist, broadcaster and author (born 1938).
* 15 October – Robert Black, auditor (born 1946)
* 26 October – Walter Smith, Scottish association football player, manager and director (born 1948)
* 5 December – Gary Callander, Scottish international rugby union player (born 1959)
# Na Ah-reum

Na Ah-reum (Korean: 나아름, born 24 March 1990) is a South Korean track and road bicycle racer, born in Naju, who last rode for UCI Women's Team Alé–Cipollini. She competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Women's road race, finishing 13th. She also competed in the road race at the 2016 Olympics. In 2018 Na won the South Korea National Championships road race and individual time trial.

## Major results
### Road
#### 2008

    Asian Junior Road Championships
       1st Time trial
       1st Road race

#### 2012

    1st Time trial, Asian Road Championships
    2nd Tour of Zhoushan Island II
    3rd Road race, National Road Championships
    5th Overall Tour of Zhoushan Island I

#### 2013

    1st Road race, National Road Championships

#### 2014

    1st Time trial, Asian Games
    Asian Road Championships
       1st Time trial
       9th Road race
    1st Road race, National Road Championships

#### 2015

    Asian Road Championships
       1st Time trial
       7th Road race

#### 2016

    1st Road race, Asian Road Championships
    8th SwissEver GP Cham-Hagendorn

#### 2017

    National Road Championships
       1st Road race
       2nd Time trial
    2nd Road race, Asian Road Championships

#### 2018

    Asian Games
       1st Road race
       1st Time trial
    National Road Championships
       1st Road race
       1st Time trial

#### 2019

    Asian Road Championships
       1st Team time trial
       2nd Road race
    7th Donostia San Sebastian Klasikoa

#### 2020

    National Road Championships
       1st Road race
       3rd Time trial

### Track
#### 2010

    Asian Track Championships
       1st Omnium
       2nd Individual pursuit
       2nd Team pursuit

#### 2011

    Asian Track Championships
       1st Points race
       2nd Team pursuit

#### 2014

    Asian Games
       2nd Team pursuit (with Lee Chaek-Yung, Lee Ju-mi, Lee Min-hye, Son Hee-jung, and Kim You-ri)
       3rd Omnium
    Asian Track Championships
       2nd Team pursuit (with Lee Ju-mi, Lee Min-hye, and Kim You-ri)
       3rd Individual pursuit

#### 2016

    GP Velodromes Romands
       1st Points race
       1st Scratch

#### 2018

    Asian Games
       1st Madison
       1st Team pursuit

#### 2019

    Asian Track Championships
       1st Team pursuit
       2nd Madison
# Marian Álvarez

Marian Álvarez Cachero (born 1 April 1978) is a Spanish actress. She has been typecast in suffering roles.

## Biography

Álvarez was born in Madrid on 1 April 1978. She studied business sciences while receiving formal training as an actress.
She landed her acting debut in 2000 with a guest role in television series El grupo [es]. Following a short film debut in Soberano, el rey canalla, she made her feature film debut in Miguel Bardem's Swindled (2004). In her early career, she went on to feature in television series such as 7 vidas, La sopa boba, Motivos personales, Hospital Central and La fuga and films such as Semen, una historia de amor, By Force, The Best of Me, and Bestezuelas.
Álvarez's performance as a young woman with a borderline personality disorder in the 2013 drama film Wounded earned her a Silver Shell for Best Actress and a Goya Award for Best Actress.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2004 | Incautos (Swindled) | | Feature film debut |
| 2005 | A golpes (By Force) | Mena | |
| 2007 | Lo mejor de mí (The Best of Me) | Raquel | |
| 2010 | Bestezuelas | Perla | |
| 2013 | La herida (Wounded) | Ana | |
| 2014 | V/H/S: Viral | Marta | Segment "Parallel Monsters" |
| 2015 | Felices 140 (Happy 140) | Cati | |
| 2015 | Lobos sucios [es] | Manuela | |
| 2016 | Cien años de perdón (To Steal from a Thief) | Cristina | |
| 2017 | La niebla y la doncella (The Mist and the Maiden) | Carmen | |
| 2017 | Morir (Dying) | Marta | |
| 2018 | El cuaderno de Sara (Sara's Notebook) | Sara | |
| 2018 | Cuando los ángeles duermen (When Angels Sleep) | Sandra | |
| 2019 | Sordo (The Silent War) | Rosa Ribagorda | |
| 2021 | Ego | Mariajo | |
| 2021 | Érase una vez en Euskadi (Once Upon a Time in Euskadi) | Carmen | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2015 | Teresa | Santa Teresa | TV movie |
| 2020–23 | La unidad | Miriam | |
| 2024 | Invisible | Ana, madre Chico Invisible | TV Mini Series |
| 2024 | 1992 | Amparo | TV Mini Series |

## Accolades

| Year | Award | Category | Nominee(s) | Result |
| 2007 | 59th Locarno International Film Festival | Leopard for Best Actress | The Best of Me | Won |
| 2013 | 61st San Sebastián International Film Festival | Silver Shell for Best Actress | Wounded | Won |
| 2013 | 28th Mar del Plata International Film Festival | Silver Astor for Best Actress | Wounded | Won |
| 2014 | 19th Forqué Awards | Best Actress | Wounded | Won |
| 2014 | 1st Feroz Awards | Best Actress | Wounded | Won |
| 2014 | 28th Goya Awards | Best Actress | Wounded | Won |
| 2014 | 1st Platino Awards | Best Actress | Wounded | Nominated |
| 2014 | 1st Fénix Awards | Best Actress | Wounded | Nominated |
| 2014 | 27th European Film Awards | Best European Actress | Wounded | Nominated |
| 2016 | 30th Goya Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Happy 140 | Nominated |
| 2018 | 4th Feroz Awards | Best Actress | Dying | Nominated |
| 2023 | 10th Feroz Awards | Best Supporting Actress in a TV Series | La unidad | Nominated |
# António I of Kongo

António I Vita a Nkanga (or Mvita a Nkanga) was a mwenekongo of the Kingdom of Kongo who ruled from 1661 to his defeat and death at the Battle of Mbwila on October 29, 1665. He was elected following the death of King Garcia II. Like the former king, António I pursued a foreign policy focused on removing the Portuguese from his region.

## Policy against the Portuguese

Since 1620, Kongo and Portugal had been in a near-constant state of war with the only intervals coming after decisive BaKongo victories. After almost 30 years of decline in the face of BaKongo, Mbundu and Dutch military victories, the Portuguese had retaken their colonial possession in Luanda while establishing a tenuous peace with their old enemies. Feeling threatened by Portugal's return on Kongo's southern border, António I sought to renew Kongo's war against the Portuguese with a new alliance similar to the one at the Battle of Kitombo. Unable to rely on the Dutch for assistance, he sent emissaries to Spain but failed to procure an alliance. He also contacted Kongo's Mbundu allies in Matamba and the semi-independent kingdoms of Dembos and Mbwila.
On December 22, 1663, Alfonso VI of Portugal ordered Vidal Negreiros to take control of the Kongo copper mines, exploit the deposits and send the ore by ship to Lisbon. António I of Kongo responded by denying the existence of the mines and proclaiming that he "is in no way indebted to the King of Portugal". Vidal Negreiros prepares his army for battle and Antonio I responds with a vibrant call to war, the two met in Mbwila, along the Ulanga River.

## Death at the Battle of Mbwila

The Portuguese got wind of these plans and were also pressing claims to sovereignty over the small kingdom of Mbwila. When a succession dispute between Mbwila's king (supported by Kongo) and his aunt (supported by Portugal) erupted, the rivals both came with armies to settle the dispute. At the Battle of Mbwila, the BaKongo suffered their worst military defeat. This resulted in the death of hundreds, which included King António had led a contingent of 400 swordsmen into the battle. King António I was decapitated during or shortly after the battle (his head buried with royal honours by the Portuguese), while his crown and sceptre were taken to Portugal as trophies.

## Aftermath

King António died with no heir apparent. Many of the men who could have taken his place died or were captured at the battle, including his seven-year-old son. The ruling House of Kinlaza and the opposing House of Kimpanzu fought furiously over the throne causing a devastating civil war. The heyday of the Kingdom of Kongo was at an end, and it would take forty years for the kingdom to be reunited.
# Pyotr Glebov-Streshnev

Pyotr Fyodorovich Glebov-Streshnev (April 20, 1773 – October 23, 1807) was a major general and chief of the Olviopol Hussar Regiment [ru] from 1801 to 1804.

## Biography

He was born in St. Petersburg to General-in-Chief Fyodor Glebov (1734–1799), who built the Znamenskoye-Rayok Estate, and his wife, Lady of State Yelizaveta Glebova-Streshneva (1751–1837). He is the godson of Catherine the Great. His military service includes:
* May 28, 1800 – October 10, 1800: commander of the Olviopol Hussar Regiment
* October 21, 1800 – December 1, 1800: chief of the Sumy 1st Hussar Regiment [ru]
* January 12, 1800 – December 27, 1801: Commander of the Sumy Hussar Regiment
* December 27, 1801 – September 5, 1804: commander of the Olviopol Hussar Regiment
* September 5, 1804 – May 24, 1807: Major General, Chief of the Olviopol Hussar Regiment. He took part in the campaigns against the French, commanded a cavalry brigade as part of the 8th Infantry Division of Lieutenant General Peter Essen (1772–1844), fought at the Battle of Eylau, the Battle of Friedland and the Battle of Heilsburg.
He died after being wounded on October 27, 1807, and was buried in the family tomb next to his parents in the Donskoy Monastery in Moscow. The poet Ivan Dolgorukov [ru] composed an epitaph after his death.

## Family

His wife, Anna Vasilyevna Drutskaya-Sokolinskaya (born 1785), was the daughter of Prince Vasily Ivanovich Drutsky-Sokolinsky. The mother of the latter considered this marriage unequal, since the Drutskys were not as noble as the Glebovs. After being widowed, Anna Vasilyevna married Staff Captain Aleksander Leslie [ru] in 1810 (1781 – April 27, 1856). Her four children from her first marriage were brought up in Moscow by their grandmother Yelizaveta Petrovna Glebova-Streshneva. Despite their wealth, they were brought up in a very strict manner.
* Evgraf Petrovich (died 1852 or 1864) was a colonel of the guard, and after the death of his grandmother, since 1837, he was the owner of the Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo estate. He died without children.
* Praskovya Petrovna (d. 1857) married the merchant Fyodor Fyodorovich Tomashevsky, and her name was no longer mentioned in the family.
* Natalya Petrovna (1804–1881), was married to major general Fyodor Logginovich von Brevern (1802–1863). She died of gastritis in Wiesbaden, and she was buried there in an Orthodox cemetery. Her daughter Yevgenia Fyodorovna (1846–1924) married Mikhail Valentinovich Shakhovsky [ru], who in 1864 was given the name and coat of arms of the Glebov-Streshnevs.
* Fyodor Petrovich (1806–1864) was a colonel (1843), and participant in the Russo-Turkish war.
* Anna Vasilyevna Drutskaya-Sokolinskaya in a portrait by Fyodor Kinel (1810)
* Natalya Petrovna in a portrait by Karl von Hampeln [de] (1830s)
* Fyodor Petrovich in a portrait by Karl von Hampeln [de] (1830s)
* Fyodor Petrovich in a portrait by Vasily Tropinin (1840)

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Pyotr Glebov-Streshnev :
# Mārtiņš Antons

Mārtiņš Antons (7 January 1888, in Kocēni parish – 1941) was a Latvian lawyer and politician.
Antons graduated from St. Petersburg University in 1912, then worked as a lawyer in Riga. During the First World War he was a Baltic Refugees Committee member, and then on the Latvian Riflemen Organizing Committee.
In 1920, Antons was elected to both the Constitutional Assembly, and the Presidium as a Labor Party politician. However, he was later deported to Russia, and was killed in 1941 during World War II.
# Gustav Flor

Gustav August Adam Flor (13 August [O.S. 1] 1829 – 13 May [O.S. 1] 1883) was a Baltic German zoologist from Livonia.

## Life and career

Flor studied medicine and natural science at the University of Dorpat, later becoming a professor of zoology. In 1860, he became director of the zoological cabinet, which he remained until his death in 1883 (the zoological cabinet was the predecessor of the Zoology Museum at the University of Tartu, where his 11,815-specimen entomological collection still resides).
He is best known for his studies of Hemiptera, especially the two-volume work Die Rhynchoten Livlands in systematischer Folge beschrieben ("The Hemiptera of Livonia, Described In Systematic Order").

## Works

* Rhynchotorum Livonicorum descriptio Flor's 1856 thesis (Latin:"Description of Livonian Hemiptera")
* Die Rhynchoten Livlands in systematischer Folge beschrieben, v.1 (1860) (German)
* Die Rhynchoten Livlands in systematischer Folge beschrieben, v.2 (1861) (German)
# Julie Wilhelmine Hagen-Schwarz

Julie Wilhelmine Hagen-Schwarz (27 October [O.S. 5] 1824 – 20 October [O.S. 7] 1902) was a Baltic German painter, primarily of portraits.

## Biography

She was the daughter of the painter August Matthias Hagen; born while her parents were on a painting excursion. She displayed an early interest in drawing, so her father wasted no time in giving her lessons. After graduating from the public schools, she enrolled at the University of Dorpat (now University of Tartu), where she was soon attracted to portrait painting.
After graduating, she received a grant to study in Germany. She began with Friedrich Gonne in Dresden, then went to Munich, obtaining a position in the workshops of Moritz Rugendas. Three years later, she returned to Tartu and received another grant from Tsar Nicholas I to study in Italy. This time, she was accompanied by her father, who hoped that the Italian climate would help his failing eyesight.
In 1854 she returned home, already a well-known artist due to her participation in several exhibits throughout Europe. Soon after, she married the astronomer Ludwig Schwarz, who later became Director of the local observatory. Her honeymoon consisted of an expedition to Southeast Siberia, covering 600 versts, where her husband was part of a team exploring mineral resources and preparing a detailed map on behalf of the Russian Geographical Society. As might be expected, she took the opportunity to sketch everything of interest.
In 1858, she became the first woman elected to the Imperial Academy of Arts. After that, she spent much of her time in Saint Petersburg, participating in all the local and national exhibitions. Overall, she produced more than 700 portraits.

## Selected paintings

* Portrait of her father (1870s)
* Portrait of her husband (1870)
* Portrait of a Young Girl (1870s)
* Italian Maiden on her Way to Rome (c.1850)
* Mandolin Player (1851)
# Laatre, Viljandi County

Laatre is a village in Mulgi Parish, Viljandi County in southern Estonia. It's located in a pocket bordered by Latvia in the south, west and east, the only access to elsewhere Estonia is from the north. The town of Mõisaküla is located just northwest. Laatre has a population of 48 (as of 2011).
Laatre Manor (Moiseküll) was first mentioned in 1504. The name "Laatre" is derived from the Platers, the owners of the manor in the 17th century.
Writer August Kitzberg (1855–1927) was born in Laatre.
# Toy and Help Yourself

Toy and Help Yourself are two Cantonese extended plays (EPs) by Chinese recording artist Faye Wong when she was based in Hong Kong. In 1996, the last year of her recording contract with Cinepoly Records, Wong recorded ten original songs in Cantonese, all with lyrics by Lin Xi but composed by others such as Wong Ka Keung, Adrian Chan, and Chan Xiao Xia.
These songs were supposed to be released as an album in 1996 or 1997; however, Cinepoly decided to release the ten tracks separately on four occasions. Cinepoly later released eight of these songs in the two EPs entitled Toy and Help Yourself. The other two songs were included in later compilations.

## Toy

Toy (Chinese: 玩具; Jyutping: wun$^6$ geoi$^6$) was released in February 1997, during Faye Wong's parental leave where she gave birth to her first child. The EP's cover photo depicts Wong in her home in Beijing, China, having moved back there after several successful years based in Hong Kong.
The five tracks on Toy would be Wong's most significant release of new Cantonese songs until her self-titled album in 2001.

### Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Hong Kong (IFPI Hong Kong) | Platinum | 20,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||

## Help Yourself

Help Yourself (Chinese: 自便; Jyutping: zi$^6$ bin$^6$) followed in May 1997. Although this EP (like Toy) contained new songs, including the hit ballad "On Time" (守時), and was welcomed by fans, it received lukewarm critical responses, particularly for the three remixes of songs from earlier albums. The album cover was a photograph of Faye Wong taken several years previously.

### Other songs

Cinepoly's first releases of their remaining original recordings by Faye Wong were as follows:
* "不得了" (Baat dak liu) -
       'Unbelievable', on the 1997 compilation Not for Sale (菲賣品)
* "心驚膽戰" (Saam ging daam jin)
       'Scary', on the 2002 compilation Faye Best

## Be Perfunctory

Be Perfunctory is the last Cantonese album by Chinese singer Faye Wong. In 2015, a fan of Faye Wong purchased the Hong Kong publishing rights from Cinepoly (now under Universal Music Group) and started a company called Chaotic Silence in order to issue the ten tracks together in one album.