OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mongo, Chad

Mongo (Arabic: مونقو, Mūnqū) is a city and sub-prefecture in Chad, the capital of the region of Guéra. Located in the northern part of the region, it lies 252.2 miles (406 km) by road east of the capital N'Djamena. It is served by Mongo Airport.
On 11 April 2006, rebels of the United Front for Democratic Change (FUC) took the central city.

## Climate

Climate data for Mongo (1961-1990) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 33.1 (91.6) | 35.6 (96.1) | 39.0 (102.2) | 38.7 (101.7) | 38.6 (101.5) | 35.0 (95.0) | 31.9 (89.4) | 29.6 (85.3) | 32.0 (89.6) | 34.4 (93.9) | 33.6 (92.5) | 31.2 (88.2) | 34.4 (93.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.6 (63.7) | 20.6 (69.1) | 24.5 (76.1) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.4 (79.5) | 24.5 (76.1) | 22.7 (72.9) | 21.7 (71.1) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.8 (71.2) | 19.7 (67.5) | 17.8 (64.0) | 22.2 (71.9) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.0 (0.08) | 11.7 (0.46) | 34.2 (1.35) | 88.8 (3.50) | 172.0 (6.77) | 241.3 (9.50) | 103.1 (4.06) | 27.7 (1.09) | 0.9 (0.04) | 0.0 (0.0) | 681.7 (26.85) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 14 | 15 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 64 |
| Source: WMO ||||||||||||||

## Demographics

Mongo city demographics:
| Year | Population |
| 1993 | 21,443 |
| 2008 | 29,261 |
| 2012 | 40,233 |

### By canton

Ethnic composition by canton in 2016 for the sub-prefecture of Mongo:
Migami Canton (population: 47,665; villages: 43):
| Ethnic group | Linguistic affiliation | Percentage |
| Migami | East Chadic | 95 |
| Arab | Semitic | 3 |
| Ouaddai | Semitic | 2 |
Dadjo 1 Canton (population: 25,208; villages: 50):
| Ethnic group | Linguistic affiliation | Percentage |
| Daju | Daju | 90 |
| Arab | Semitic | 6 |
| Kuka | Bagirmi | 4 |
Oyo Canton (population: 11,449; villages: 14):
| Ethnic group | Linguistic affiliation | Percentage |
| Arab | Semitic | 90 |
| Tunkul | Semitic | 7 |
| Bidio | East Chadic | 3 |

## Schools

Less than half of girls in Mongo go to primary school, and less than 5% of girls in the region make it to secondary school. More boys than girls go to school in Mongo.
# Spangled kookaburra

The spangled kookaburra (Dacelo tyro) also called Aru giant kingfisher, is a little-known species of kookaburra found in the Aru Islands, Trans-Fly savanna and grasslands of southern New Guinea. Practically nothing is known of its family life or breeding biology.

## Taxonomy

Two subspecies are recognised:
* D. t. tyro – Aru Islands, Indonesia
* D. t. archboldi – New Guinea

## Description

The spangled kookaburra grows to 33 cm (13 in) in length, with females growing slightly larger than males. It has bright blue wings and tail, a white chest and belly, dark eyes, and a striking white-spotted black head. The upper mandible is dark grey whilst the lower mandible is white. Males and females look alike.
# Royal College of Podiatry

The Royal College of Podiatry (RCPod) is the professional association and trade union for registered chiropodists and podiatrists in the United Kingdom.
Previously known as Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists (SCP) it changed its name in 2018 to the College of Podiatry and in 2021 became the Royal College of Podiatry. The charitable subsidiary of the organisation is the College of Podiatry which was formed in 2012.
The union originated in 1912 as the Society of Chiropodists, the first organisation of chiropodists in Europe. In 1916, it was renamed the Incorporated Society of Chiropodists, and in 1919, it established examinations for potential new members. Several rival organisations emerged: the Northern Association of Chiropodists, the Chelsea Chiropodists Association and the British Association of Chiropodists. These merged with the Incorporated Society in 1945, the new body once more taking the name Society of Chiropodists. It was recognised as a negotiating body by the National Health Service in 1948, but did not register as a trade union until 1978. In 1993, it became the Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists, recognising the membership of podiatrists, and in 1997, it affiliated to the Trades Union Congress. In 1998, the Association of Chief Chiropody Officers and the Podiatry Association both merged with the society.
In 2021 The College of Podiatry has been renamed as the Royal College of Podiatry (RCPod) after being granted permission to use the title by Her Majesty The Queen.

## Royal Patronage

Queen Camilla has been the society's Patron since 2005. Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother was previously patron from 1993, up until her death in 2002.

## Trade Union Activities

The trade union arm of the Royal College is delivered by a network of local representatives and regionally based Employment Relations Officers.
The Royal College is a member of the TUC, the STUC, the WTUC and the Congress of Irish Trade Unions.
Martin Furlong represents the College of Podiatry on the General Council of the TUC
Sally Gates represents the College on the TUC's LGBT+ Committee.
Faye Funnell represents the College on the TUC's Young Workers Committee
Diana Scott-Brown is a member of the General Council for the Welsh TUC
# ES Ben Aknoun

Étoile Sportive Ben Aknoun (Arabic: النجم الرياضي لبن عكنون), known as ES Ben Aknoun or simply ESBA for short, is an Algerian football club based in Hai Ouled Smail in Ben Aknoun. The club was founded in 1935 and its colours are Red black and white. Their home stadium, Mohamed Larbi Abada, has a capacity of 300 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Algerian Ligue 2.

## History

On August 5, 2020, ES Ben Aknoun were promoted to the Algerian Ligue 2.
On June 2, 2023, ES Ben Aknoun were promoted to the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1.
# Miss Fear (character)

Miss Fear (or simply, Fear) was a recurring character in Blackhawk comics (published by Quality Comics, later bought by DC Comics) between 1946 and 1948. Her first appearance in Modern Comics #49 (May, 1946) told her origin as daughter of the slain leader of an obscure nation called Zorania. When Blackhawk and his men arrived to investigate the murder, they found Fear always a half-step ahead on her vendetta, ruthlessly avenging her father with a Tommy gun.
Further Golden Age appearances by Miss Fear included Blackhawk Comics issues 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, and 22 (December, 1948). In these stories she developed a distinctly romantic yet seemingly unrequited interest in Blackhawk, meanwhile involving and assisting the team in various cases and missions, usually in central Asia. Fear displayed an impressive array of skills including flying, horsemanship, martial arts, and wielding a bullwhip, as well as crack marksmanship. The conclusion of the final story, however, seemed to imply that she was resigned to disappointment in carrying a torch for Blackhawk.
In 1998, Miss Fear returned in a somewhat different form in the four-issue miniseries Guns of the Dragon, by Timothy Truman, starring Enemy Ace and Bat Lash. Set in China, 1927, this story depicted her as a young, half-Chinese / half-Caucasian spy in service of the communists. The plot also involved a recurring Blackhawk villain, the Thunderer, as well as a brief appearance by Chop-Chop, although his age at that point seems impossible to reconcile with his later career as Blackhawk's sidekick. The outcome of the adventure led Fear to reconsider her loyalty to the communists and suggested her future as a freelance freedom-fighter. However, her only subsequent appearance thus far has been in the form of a limited edition 1/6 scale G.I. Joe action figure, produced by Dreams & Visions in 2003, licensed by Hasbro and DC Comics.
# Frank Gotch (physician)

Frank A. Gotch (August 27, 1926 – February 18, 2017) was an American physician known for his work in renal dialysis adequacy, specifically the development of Kt/V and standardized Kt/V. He was an associate professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.
Gotch was a consultant to the Renal Research Institute in New York and was associate professor of medicine at UCSF. Gotch worked in clinical dialysis and dialysis research, particularly quantification of therapy, for over 30 years. He chaired the NIH Hemodialyzer evaluation Study Group which sets standards for dialyzer performance in 1972 and the National NIH conference on Adequacy of Hemodialysis in 1975. He served on the planning committee and as kinetic consultant to the National Cooperative Dialysis Study and served on the steering committee of the current HEMO study and was co-principal investigator of a cooperative study of randomized peritoneal dialysis prescriptions and clinical outcome. He has over 100 publications and provided consultation in dialysis kinetics and dialysis systems development to industry. His research interests were primarily concerned with modeling dialysis technology.
# Grimm's conjecture

In number theory, Grimm's conjecture (named after Carl Albert Grimm, 1 April 1926 – 2 January 2018) states that to each element of a set of consecutive composite numbers one can assign a distinct prime that divides it. It was first published in American Mathematical Monthly, 76(1969) 1126-1128.

## Formal statement

If n + 1, n + 2, ..., n + k are all composite numbers, then there are k distinct primes p$_i$ such that p$_i$ divides n + i for 1 ≤ i ≤ k.

## Weaker version

A weaker, though still unproven, version of this conjecture states: If there is no prime in the interval $[n+1,n+k]$, then $\prod _{1\leq x\leq k}(n+x)$ has at least k distinct prime divisors.
# Chaco nothura

The Chaco nothura (Nothura maculosa chacoensis) is a type of tinamou commonly found in brushland in Argentina and Paraguay.

## Description

The Chaco nothura is approximately 24 cm (9.4 in) in length. It is similar to the spotted nothura, but paler and buffier overall.

## Range and habitat

The Chaco nothura inhabits subtropical and tropical brushland up to 500 m (1,600 ft) in altitude. This species is native to the chaco of northwestern Paraguay and north central Argentina in South America.

## Taxonomy

The Chaco nothura is a subspecies of spotted nothura, Nothura maculosa.
All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Brand, S. (2008)
* 1 2 BirdLife International (2008)
* 1 2 Clements, J. (2007)
* ↑ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, C. D. Cadena, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, J. F. Pacheco, J. Pérez-Emán, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, D. F. Stotz, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 1 July 2018. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved 1 July 2018
* ↑ Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
# Marger Apsit

Marger "Migs" Apsit (June 5, 1909 – December 22, 1988) was an American football running back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Brooklyn Dodgers, the Frankford Yellow Jackets, the Green Bay Packers, and the Boston Redskins. He played college football at the University of Southern California.

## Early life

Apsit was born in Aurora, Illinois to Latvian immigrants in 1909. He attended West Aurora High School, where he played football from 1924 to 1926 as a fullback and defensive back.

## College career

Apsit attended and played college football at the University of Southern California under coach Howard Jones. While playing at USC, the Trojans compiled a record of 27–4–1, won the 1928 national championship, and defeated the undefeated Pittsburgh Panthers in the 1930 Rose Bowl.

## Professional career

After graduating from USC, Apsit played football professionally in the NFL for the Frankford Yellow Jackets, Brooklyn Dodgers, Green Bay Packers, and Boston Redskins. On July 1, 1934, the Redskins traded Apsit and Tay Brown to the Cincinnati Reds for Frank Abruzzino. Apsit was later released by the Reds.

## Coaching career

After retiring from professional football, Apsit returned, in 1935, to Aurora to become head coach at his alma mater, West Aurora High School. In 1936, he led the West Aurora Blackbawks to an undefeated 9–0 record and conference championship. After coaching at West Aurora for eight seasons, he moved to California, in 1942, and became the head football coach at Glendale College in 1946. He then became the head coach at East Bakersfield High School in Bakersfield, California, a position he held for over 20 years. While at East Bakersfield, Apsit was also the athletic director and golf coach.
# Josef Špaček (violinist)

Josef Špaček (born 17 October 1986) is a Czech solo violinist and until 2019/20 season a concertmaster of the Czech Philharmonic orchestra. He performs on the c. 1732 “LeBrun; Bouthillard” Guarneri del Gesù violin, generously on loan from Ingles & Hayday.

## Early life and education

Špaček was born in 1986 in Třebíč, Czechoslovakia, to a family with musical tradition. His father, Josef Špaček Sr., is a prominent cellist with the Czech Philharmonic and his siblings have also studied music. Špaček started playing violin at the age of three and three years later started taking violin lessons in US and Czech schools including the Curtis Institute of Music, the Juilliard School, and the Prague Conservatory. Among his teachers have been Itzhak Perlman, Václav Hudeček, Ida Kavafian, Jaime Laredo, and Shmuel Ashkenasi.

## Professional career

Špaček finished his master's degree at the Juilliard School in 2011 and had received an offer to serve as the concert master of the Czech Philharmonic already in late 2010. He took up the job in 2011 and worked both in the orchestra and as a solo violinist. In 2020 he left his concertmaster position in order to focus exclusively on his solo career. In 2012, he was one of the finalists at the Queen Elisabeth Music Competition and is a laureate of the Michael Hill International Violin Competition (New Zealand, 2009), Carl Nielsen International Music Competition (Denmark, 2008) and others.

## Concerts and recordings

He has performed and recorded with prominent conductors and pianists. His debut recording of Eugène Ysaÿe's sonatas came out in 2006. In 2010, he recorded Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst's work with Naxos and in 2013, his first Supraphon label recording was made with works of Sergei Prokofiev, Bedřich Smetana and Leoš Janáček. In 2015 Supraphon released his recording of violin concertos by Antonín Dvořák, Leoš Janáček and the Fantasy by Josef Suk, with the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra and conductor Jiří Bělohlávek.
# Abu Ja'far ibn Habash

Abu Ja'far ibn Habash was a Persian astronomer. He was most likely a son of Habash al-Hasib. Since his father died after 864 AD at the age of 100, it can be concluded that he was active in 3rd century AH (9th century AD). According to Ibn Nadim and Qifti, he wrote a book on astrolabe, named al-ostorlab al-mosatah.
# Cirsium tuberosum

Cirsium tuberosum is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Asteraceae.
Its native range is Europe.
# Luca Meisl

Luca Emanuel Meisl (born 4 March 1999) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back.

## Career
### Club career

Meisl came up in the Red Bull Salzburg academy. He then played for FC Liefering. He scored a goal in 11 matches played during the 2016–17 season and no goals in 24 matches played in the 2017–18 season. He also made a league appearance and a cup appearance during the 2017–18 season for Red Bull Salzburg.
During the 2018–19 season he will play on loan for SKN St. Pölten.
On 1 September 2020 he signed with SV Ried.
On 8 January 2024, Meisl joined Austria Lustenau until June 2025.

### International career

Meisl has played for Austria's U-16, U-17, U-18, and U-19 teams.

## Personal life

Meisl's younger brother Matteo is also a professional footballer.

## Career statistics

    As of matches played on 2 August 2018.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| FC Liefering | 2016–17 | First League | 11 | 1 | — | — | 11 | 1 |
| FC Liefering | 2017–18 | First League | 24 | 0 | — | — | 24 | 0 |
| FC Liefering | Totals | Totals | 35 | 1 | — | — | 35 | 1 |
| Red Bull Salzburg | 2017–18 | Austrian Bundesliga | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Red Bull Salzburg | Totals | Totals | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| SKN St. Pölten | 2018–19 | Austrian Bundesliga | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Career totals | Career totals | Career totals | 37 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 39 | 1 |
| Reference: |||||||||
* ↑ Includes the Austrian Cup.
# Religion in Palau

Christianity is the dominant religion in Palau, practiced by around 72.8% of the total population, according to the 2022 census. Freedom of religion is enshrined in Palau's constitution.

## Demographics

Religion in Palau (estimation 2022).
According to the 2020 census, 46.9% of the population is Roman Catholic, 25.9% Protestant (primarily Evangelical), 5.0% Seventh-day Adventist, 5.1% Modekngei, 4.9% Muslim, 0.9% The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and 11.4% other religions.
In the 2015 census, of the population of 13,300 people over 18, 45.3% are members of the Roman Catholic Church. Other Christian groups were Evangelicals at 26.4%; Seventh-day Adventists at 6.9%; The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) at 1.5%; Assembly of God at 0.9%; and Baptists at 0.7%. Modekngei, which embraces both animist and Christian beliefs and is unique to the country, has 5.7% of the population. Muslims made up about 3.0% of the population. Other which includes everyone not in the religions above as well as the non-religious were about 11.2% of the population.
In 2020, about 0.85% of the population was estimated to be Buddhist, 0.7% practiced the Baháʼí Faith and 0.25% was reported to be practicing elements of Chinese folk religion, alongside 0.5% following other traditional religions, 2% following Islam, 0.1% practicing Hinduism, and almost 5% identifying as agnostic or atheist.
In 2022, there is a primarily Filipino Catholic expatriate community of over 3,000 people.

## History

Foreign missionaries were action since the arrival of Jesuit priests in the early 19th century, to the start of the 21st century. During the Japanese mandate, Japanese Christian missions were heavily subsidized; Japan's native Buddhists were given a comparative pittance. Japanese rule brought Mahayana Buddhism and Shinto to Palau, with the syncretism of the two being the majority religion among Japanese settlers. However, following Japan's World War II defeat, the remaining Japanese largely converted to Christianity, while the remainder continued to observe Buddhism, but stopped practicing Shinto rites. In the early 2000s, the Seventh-day Adventist and Evangelical churches had missionaries teaching in their respective elementary and high schools. There are also approximately 400 Bengali Muslims in Palau, and recently a few Uyghurs detained in Guantanamo Bay were allowed to settle in the island nation. There are two mosques in Palau, one of which is located in Koror.

## Religious freedom

The constitution of Palau establishes the freedom of religion and prohibits the government from taking any action to infringe upon it. It also states that the country has no state religion.
Religious groups can obtain charters as (NGOs) from the registrar of corporations at the Office of the Attorney General; this involves a filing fee of $250, but registered groups are exempt from paying tax.
Religious instruction is prohibited in public schools, but religious groups are allowed to request government funds to run private schools.
# Ofu County

Ofu County is a county in the Manu'a District in American Samoa. It was the result of the subdivision of the prior Luanuu County in two, with the other newly created county being Olosega, first reported on the 1930 U.S. Census. It is now contiguous with its only village, Ofu.

## Demographics

Ofu County was first recorded beginning with the 1930 U.S. Census. It had previously been within Luanuu County. Its population zenith was in 1960, with 605 residents. It has since experienced a dramatic population decline (as has the Manu'u District), losing over 2/3 of its population as of 2010.

## Geography

Vaoto Marine Reserve, spanning 16 hectares (40 acres), is situated seaward of the Ofu Airport landing strip and Vaoto Lodge, adjacent to the Ofu unit of the National Park of American Samoa. Its establishment aimed to protect a coral reef and sandy beach that are easily accessible to visitors. The reserve is notable for hosting a remarkable population of Blue coral (Heliopora coerulea), a rare and threatened species.
The Ofu unit of the National Park of American Samoa encompasses approximately 607 hectares (1,500 acres), featuring a coral reef and lagoon alongside a white-sand beach. This environment supports hundreds of reef fish species, corals, and various marine organisms. The beach, flanked by mist-shrouded rainforest pinnacles and sculpted volcanic rock formations, is regarded as one of the most exquisite in the South Pacific. The Ofu unit also provides the park’s most accessible snorkeling opportunities.

### Villages

* Alaufau (now defunct and within Ofu)
* Ofu
Ofu County and its namesake island encompass a single settlement known as Ofu Village, which is divided into two main sections: Ofu and Alaufau. These sectors occupy the western coastal terrace, situated adjacent to a sheltered reef flat and lagoon. The lagoon lies opposite Nuʻutele Island and Nuʻusilaelae Island, while the largest stretch of arable mountain slope lies inland. Historically, additional coastal villages on Ofu Island occupied parts of the southern and southeastern shoreline, including the area called Toʻaga. Limited archaeological evidence suggests that, in later prehistoric times, some habitation may also have spread inward, into the region used for intensive gardening. Although many houses in Ofu Village have been rebuilt using modern materials such as concrete and corrugated metal, the village retains a traditional layout. At its core is the malae — an open common space used for gatherings and ceremonies—bordered by the community church and the guest house of the high chief, which doubles as the meeting place for the American Samoa Fono. Individual household plots, conceptually stretching from the beachfront to the mountain slope, are arranged along the island’s central sandy roadway.
# Crime Scene: The Texas Killing Fields

Crime Scene: The Texas Killing Fields is a 2022 Netflix limited docuseries directed by Jessica Dimmock. It is the third installment in the Crime Scene documentary series, following Crime Scene: The Times Square Killer. The true crime series is centered around the unsolved murders of four women in Texas in the 80s and 90s in an area known as the Texas Killing Fields, located in League City, Texas. It was released on November 29, 2022.
As of December 4, 2022, it was rated as the top docuseries on Netflix, with 23,880,000 total hours viewed.

## Reception

On Rotten Tomatoes, all 3 critics' reviews were positive.
# Porter Ingram

Porter Ingram (April 2, 1810 – December 3, 1893) was a Confederate politician. He was born in Windham County, Vermont and later moved to Georgia. He represented the state in the First Confederate Congress in 1864, replacing Hines Holt, who had resigned.
* This article about a politician from the U.S. state of Georgia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Wandowo, Kwidzyn County

Wandowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gardeja, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Gardeja, 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Kwidzyn, and 82 km (51 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.