OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Avigdor Stematsky

Avigdor Stematsky (1908–1989) was a Russian-born Israeli painter. He is considered one of the pioneers of Israeli abstract art.

## Biography

Stematsky was born in 1908 in Odessa, Russian Empire (now Odesa, Ukraine). He studied under Isaac Frenkel Frenel in the Histadrut Art Studio. He joined the Massad group in Tel Aviv. Following the advice of Frenkel, he was among those students of Frenkel who left for Paris to further their studies. He did so in 1929, when he went to study at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière and Académie Colarossi.
He was one of the founders of the New Horizons group. He held his first solo exhibition at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art at the age of 31. In the constellation of Israel art, Stematsky and Yehezkiel Streichman stand out as a pair. Although each developed his own distinct, individual style, there are many points of affinity between them: a common background as students of Bezalel in the 1920s, a response to the influences of the Jewish School of Paris in the 1930s, and of the "modern" (late cubist) art in the 1940s and fifties, when they were also leading teachers in Tel Aviv.

## Gallery

* Etude, 1962 Israel Museum Collection B95.0596
* Painting, 1975-76 Israel Museum Collection B78.0004

## Education

* 1925–26 – Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium, Tel Aviv
* 1926–28 – Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design Jerusalem, with Arie Aroch, Moshe Castel and others
* 1928 – Technion, Haifa, Architecture
* 1929 – Yitzhak Frenkel Studio, Tel Aviv
* 1930–31 – Académie de la Grande Chaumière, Paris, with Aharon Avni

## Teaching

* 1954-58 Studio with Yehezkel Streichman which was active until 1948
* 1952–60 Avni Institute of Art and Design, Tel Aviv
* 1973, 1977 Haifa University and Avni Institute of Art and Design

## Awards and prizes

* 1941 The Dizengoff Prize for Painting and Sculpture, Municipality of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Tel Aviv
* 1956 The Dizengoff Prize for Painting and Sculpture, Municipality of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Tel Aviv
* 1958 Ramat Gan Prize
* 1965 Milo Club Prize
* 1967 First Prize Tower of David Exhibition, Jerusalem
* 1973 The Meir Sherman Prize, Israel Museum, Jerusalem
* 1976 Sandberg Prize for Israeli Art, Israel Museum, Jerusalem
# Bornay Mosque

The Bornay Mosque (Cyrillic: Bornay məçete, Борнай мәчете; former The Third Cathedral Mosque), also spelled Burnayevskaya Mosque (Russian: Бурна́евская мечеть) is a mosque in Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia.

## History

Its constructing was donated by Möxämmätsadíq Bornayıv and realized by project of Pyotr Ivanovich Romanov in 1872. The architectural style is national romance eclecticism. The minaret was built in 1895. Believed, that the project of the minaret was elaborated by Fyodor Nikolayevich Malinovsky. The mosque has a minaret over the door, one hall, it is one-storied and is made of red bricks. The interior is designed in the medieval Tatar and Russian traditions. In 1930-1994 Bornay Mosque was out of service due to the Soviet authorities and in 1994 it was returned to the believers.
# Ernie Pym

Ernest Frederick Pym (23 March 1935 – 22 October 2004) was an English professional footballer who played all of his professional career as a left-winger for his local side Torquay United. He joined Torquay in September 1957 from local side St. Marychurch and as one of Eric Webber's most inspired signings went on to score 83 times in 284 league appearances, before leaving for non-league Poole Town in 1965. He is Torquay United's 6th all-time top goal scorer with 187 goals from 305 games playing left-midfield.
He joined non-league Bridgwater Town and playing alongside former Torquay teammate Tommy Northcott helped Bridgwater win the Western League title in 1968.
After retiring from football, alongside his wife Margaret he ran a successful guest house in his home town of Torquay.
He had 2 children and 6 grandchildren.
# Anne Reid (skier)

Anne Reid later Anne Reid Picher (born 1945) is an alpine skier from New Zealand.
In the 1968 Winter Olympics at Grenoble, she came 37th in the Downhill, 30th in the Slalom and 42nd in the Giant Slalom.
# Anne Smith (footballer)

Anne Smith (born 27 September 1951) is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.
Smith made her Football Ferns debut in a 3–0 win over a Switzerland on 8 December 1984 and ended her international career with 11 caps to her credit.
Smith made her final appearance in a 5–0 win over Papua New Guinea on 30 March 1989, she continued to be included in the squad as second goalkeeper behind Leslie King through the Women's World Cup finals in China in 1991.
# Shatuo Dam

The Shatuo Dam (Chinese: 沙沱水电站) is a gravity dam on the Wu River in Yanhe Country, Guizhou Province, China.

## Construction

The ground-breaking ceremony for the dam was held on June 28, 2006, and excavation commenced soon thereafter. In 2008, after the original river closure, part of the dam failed due to the karst foundation, and had to be repaired. On April 19, 2009, the river was closed and the reservoir began to fill. All four generators were commissioned by 13 June 2013. A vertical ship lift is planned for the dam as well, and its expected completion is in 2020.
# Avis McIntosh

Avis Fletcher (formerly McIntosh, née Brain; born 19 May 1938) is a former New Zealand hurdler and sprinter.

## Life

She joined Lynndale Amateur Athletic and Harrier Club in the children's division in the 12- to 13-year-old age group. She also ran for Glen Eden, Waitemata and Owairaka Athletic Club. At Avondale College in 1953, she won the 100 yards senior girls when she was 14. From 1954 to 1956 McIntosh won the Auckland Championship two-and-a-half-mile cross country and the Hamilton road race. After winning her first New Zealand title in 1958, and not being selected for Cardiff's Empire Games, McIntosh was chosen to represent New Zealand from 1959 to 1965. In 1962, McIntosh was selected for the 7th British Empire and Commonwealth Games at Perth. She competed in the 80 m hurdles and relay. McIntosh was first in the 80 m hurdles heat, beating the world record holder in 10.8 sec, the new Commonwealth Games record. At the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games she won the bronze medal in the women's 80 m hurdles. She also won a bronze medal as part of the women's 4 x 110 yards relay team. Her teammates in the relay were Nola Bond, Molly Cowan and Doreen Porter. An interesting tale is that Murray Halberg lost her medal in the toilets and had to be told to go back and find it.
On 18 March 1964 at the Lovelock track in Auckland, McIntosh won the 80 m hurdles in 10.7 sec. It was the fastest time ever by a New Zealand women's athlete.
At the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, McIntosh was third in the 80 m hurdles heat in 10.8 sec. She was fifth in the semi-final in 10.9 sec and 10th fastest overall. In the 100 yards, McIntosh was fourth in her heat and sixth in the quarter final. This event no longer exists.
A very fine all-round athlete, her skills ranged from hurdling, running, jumping, cross-country and pentathlon. She won 24 Auckland titles including 10 straight in the 80 m hurdles from 1956 to 1965. She also won the long jump five times, pentathlon three times and high jump, 75 yards and 100 yards once each.
When she was 40, McIntosh competed in the World Veteran Games and won the 80 m hurdles and was second in the 100 yards. McIntosh has records for long jump, high jump, 100 metres, hammer, and discus all achieved at 50 years of age. She then went on to get the records for discus, high jump, hammer, javelin and long jump at 60 years old!
McIntosh competed at one Olympic Games in Tokyo in 1964 in the 100 metres and 80 metre hurdles.
In 2009 she, then named Avis Fletcher, was honoured again in a ceremony to recognise New Zealand's Olympians. She was married to Matty with three children and she had run three farms.
# Barbara Bevege

Barbara Lynette Bevege (25 November 1942 – 29 April 1999) was a New Zealand cricketer who played as a right-handed batter and right-arm medium bowler. She appeared in five Test matches and 16 One Day Internationals for New Zealand between 1973 and 1982. She mainly played domestic cricket for Wellington, as well as appearing once for Auckland.
She was the first woman to score both a Test century and a One Day International century for New Zealand. Her Test hundred came against India in Dunedin in 1976–77 while her One Day International (ODI) century came against International XI at the 1982 World Cup, when she put on 180 with Lesley Murdoch. She also set the record for the oldest woman to score her maiden ODI hundred, at the age of 39 years and 48 days. She scored 400 runs in Test match cricket at an average of 44.44. In One Day Internationals, she scored 488 runs at 32.53. She also took 3 for 17 against Australia, her only ODI wickets.
She died in 1999 after a long illness.
# Barbara Cox (footballer)

Barbara Douglas Cox MBE (born 10 May 1947) is a former association football player who represented New Zealand.
Cox captained the New Zealand women's team in their first ever international as they beat Hong Kong 2–0 on 25 August 1975 at the inaugural AFC Women's Asian Cup. She finished her international career with 34 caps to her credit.
In the 1996 New Year Honours, Cox was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire, for services to soccer.
Cox has a 1998 Master's degree from the University of Auckland titled Multiple bodies : sportswomen, soccer and sexuality and a PhD completed in 2010 titled Issues of power in a history of women's football in New Zealand: A Foucauldian genealogy, under the supervision of Toni Bruce.
In 2013, Cox became a founding committee member of the independent group Friends of Football
Cox's daughters Michele Cox and Tara Cox also represented New Zealand.

## Honours

New Zealand
* AFC Women's Championship: 1975
# Billie Fulford

Marjorie Joyce "Billie" Fulford (née Holmes; 21 August 1914 – 28 May 1987) was a New Zealand cricketer who played primarily as a right-arm off break bowler. She appeared in one Test match for New Zealand in 1948, against Australia, in which she took 2/46 from 14 overs. She played domestic cricket for Wellington.
# Galyat

Galyat (Urdu: گلیات) region, or hill tract, (also written Galliat and Galiyat) is a narrow strip or area roughly 50 km (31 mi)–80 km (50 mi) north-east of Islamabad, Pakistan, extending on both sides of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Punjab border, between Abbottabad and Murree. The word itself is derived from the plural of the Urdu word gali, which means an alley between two mountains on both sides of which there are valleys and it is not the highest point in the range. Many of the towns in the area have the word gali as part of their names, and are popular tourist resorts. Being on linguistic and geographical continuum this area has challenged social scientists in terms of anomalous classification.

## Brief history and ethnology

The Galyat tracts were first 'discovered' by early British colonial officials, such as James Abbott, who ventured into these areas circa 1846–47. The British found them climatically conducive to them and began to develop some of the sites in the range/tract as hill resorts, to escape the summer heat of the low-lands. Later on, after Partition/Independence of Pakistan in 1947, these were neglected for some time but eventually developed further from the 1960s onwards as popular resorts.
The area, being home to the Karlal tribe, was called the 'Karral country' during the colonial times by the British (named after the tribe). The Karlal's are still the dominant tribe of the Galyat. The language spoke by the tribesmen is Hindko whereas the dialect of Hindko spoken is called the 'Dhundi-Kairali'. It is today located in what is the Abbottabad District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. At an elevation of 2,410 m (8,000 ft), it is a popular tourist resort in the summer months. It is forested with pine, cedar, oak walnut and also oak and maple trees.
In 2023, this region has been included by UNESCO in prestigious biospehere reserve sites.

## Localities in the Galyat

* Ayubia (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Khanspur (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Thandiani (Khyber-Pukhtunkhwa)
* Darwaza Ayubia (Khyber Pukhtunkhwa)
* Dagri Naka (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Bagnotar (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Makol (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Namli Maira (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Bandit Maira (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Bara Gali (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Changla Gali (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Dunga Gali (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Khaira Gali (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Nathia Gali (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
* Jhika Gali (Punjab)
* Ghora Gali (Punjab)
* Murree (Punjab)
# Brenda Duncan

Brenda Margaret Duncan (born 23 October 1932) is a New Zealand former cricketer who played primarily as a right-arm pace bowler. She appeared in two Test matches for New Zealand in 1957. She played domestic cricket for Auckland.
# Shi Pingmei

Pingmei Shi or Shi Pingmei (石评梅; 20 September 1902 – 30 September 1928) was a Chinese writer. She was considered as one of the four women famous for their contributions to modern Chinese literature in the early Republic of China.

## Life

Shi was born in Taiyuan in 1902 in Pingding County, Shanxi Province. From an early age she was exceptional. She would memorise whole books. Her father did not agree that to keep women virtuous you should keep them ignorant and he sent his daughter to school in Taiyuan. She studied in Shanxi's provincial capital until she was 18 when she graduated from the Taiyuan Women's Teaching College. Her education's costs were small as charges were not made for exceptional students. The school had been started by Lü Bicheng.
She took an interest in politics and for that reason she moved to Beijing and enrolled at the Women's Teaching College. She actually majored in physical education because there was no course that year for literature.
After she left education she had a busy life. She wrote novel poetry and became a popular writer on ideas and Marxism. Her love life was tragic. She was tricked into swearing her undying love to a married man. When she met another man, Gao Junyu, she felt too damaged to accept his proposals and she demanded only friendship. He was from the same province of China and he was a founding member of China's communist party. Gao Junyu was also a devoted communist and he was married. They would meet and Gao Junyu divorced his wife. The only token of love she accepted was an ivory ring which matched one that he wore. He died when she was 23 and for the next three years she went to Taoran Pavilion where he was buried. She also had a now famous friendship with fellow writers Lu Yin and Lu Jingqing. Both of these friends had been very close to her during her life with an intimacy that is similar to heterosexual love. All three of them appear in Lu Yin's book and they act as narrators of Shi Pingmei's fictionalised story.
Shi died when she was 26 and was buried next to Gao Junyu in Taoranting Park. The story was highlighted by Zhou Enlai when he was premier of a communist China. He visited their graves and highlighted that love and revolution were not incompatible.
Shi died in 1928 and she came to be regarded in the Republic of China as one of the top four most talented Chinese women with Lü Bicheng, Eileen Chang and Xiao Hong. After her death her friend Lu Yin wrote a novel based on her love story named "Ivory Rings". This story has been retold in a book and a film. Gao Junyu and Shi's graves were a place of pilgrimage for young couples and groups after her story was published.
# Christine Ross (rugby union)

Christine C. Ross (née Beattie; born 24 July 1964) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. A fullback, she debuted for the New Zealand women's national side, the Black Ferns, in 1989 against the visiting California Grizzlies at Christchurch. She represented New Zealand at RugbyFest 1990 and at the inaugural 1991 Women's Rugby World Cup.

## Personal life

Ross is the niece of Eru Beattie, who was a member of the New Zealand Māori rugby team in 1966. She is married to former All Black Jock Ross, and their children include Isaac Ross, who was also an All Black, and Adam Ross, who represented New Zealand in rugby at under-19 level.
# Threshing stone

A threshing stone is a roller-like tool used for the threshing of wheat. Similar to the use of threshing boards, the stone was pulled by horses over a circular pile of harvested wheat on a hardened dirt surface (threshing floor), and the rolling stone knocked the grain from the head of wheat. The straw was removed from the pile and the remaining grain and chaff was collected. By a process called winnowing, the grain was tossed into the air to allow the chaff and dirt to be blown away, leaving only the grain.

## History

Evidence of the use of threshing stones in various forms date from the Roman era, but eventually it became the method of threshing grain by the Molotschna Mennonite farmers in Ukraine from about 1840 to 1900. The threshing stone became the preferred method used to knock the grain from the head because it was less labor-intensive than the use of the traditional threshing flail.
In the 1870s, approximately one-third of all Russian Mennonites immigrated to the Great Plains of North America. The immigrants in central Kansas brought the threshing stone technology with them, and contracted stone masons in the Florence, Kansas area to construct stones made of limestone.
The use of threshing stones quickly faded as they were superseded by mechanized forms of threshing, especially by threshing machines, and eventually all farmers quit using them by around 1900 to 1905.

## Physical description

The threshing stone is a cylindrical stone with teeth carved into it. Stones made in Kansas were approximately 29 to 30 inches long, 23 to 24 inches in diameter, with 7 notches (and rarely 8) resembling gear teeth, made of limestone, and 600 to 800 pounds in weight. Some smaller stones may weigh less than 400 pounds.

## Locations

In 2011, over 90 threshing stones have been located. Numerous stones in Kansas are located at private residences as family historic artifacts. The following is a list of locations where threshing stones may be viewed by the public.
Museums:
* 4 at Zmeinogorsk Museum of Mining in Zmeinogorsk (Russia).
* 3 at Mennonite Heritage and Agricultural Museum in Goessel, Kansas.
* 3 at Mennonite Settlement Museum in Hillsboro, Kansas.
* 2 at Kauffman Museum at Bethel College in North Newton, Kansas.
* 2 at Inman Museum in Inman, Kansas.
* 2 at Mennonite Heritage Village in Steinbach, Manitoba, Canada.
* 1 at Halstead Heritage Museum in Halstead, Kansas.
* 1 at McPherson Museum in McPherson, Kansas.
* 1 at Kansas Museum of History in Topeka, Kansas.
* 1 at American Historical Society of Germans from Russia in Lincoln, Nebraska.
Various:
* 4 at Buhler High School in Buhler, Kansas.
* 2 at Administration Building and Bookstore at Bethel College in North Newton, Kansas.
* 1 at Alexanderwohl Mennonite Church near Goessel, Kansas.
* 1 in Mennonite Centennial Memorial Monument in Peabody, Kansas.

## Other uses

The Thresher is the official mascot of Bethel College in North Newton, Kansas and named after the threshing stone.
# Sic Squared Records

Sic Squared Records is an Australian independent record label established in 1999 to promote Western Australian heavy rock bands.

## History

Founded by Scott Adam, the label's debut release was by local band T-cells, the label gained nation recognition with the release of the hugely successful Heavy Weight Champ debut EP, Two Triple Zero in mid 2000.
With over a dozen releases so far, Sic Squared Records has assisted the musical careers of bands such as Local Pricks and Karnivool, releasing the band's Persona EP in March 2001, as well as putting out compilation albums featuring an array of unsigned local acts. Sic Squared Records are distributed nationally and internationally by MGM Distribution.
2004 saw new life breathed into Sic Squared Records with the appointment of a new manager for the label, Lukas Best, with a number of releases, Still Life Portrait by Antistatic, Ballbaring by Subtruck and 451 by Headshot. In April the label issued a compilation album, The Sic Sessions, Volume One, by Various Artists.
In 2005 and 2007 the label received nominations for 'Best WA Record Label' at the West Australian Music Industry Awards.

## Artists

* Antistatic
* Subtruck
* Headshot
* Heavy Weight Champ
# Esther Blackie

Esther Elizabeth Blackie (née Ferguson; 29 January 1916 – 9 March 1991) was a New Zealand cricketer who played as a wicket-keeper and right-handed batter. She played in one Test match for New Zealand in 1949. She played domestic cricket for Otago.
# Evon Dickson

Evon Joan Fraser (née Dickson; 11 September 1934 – 16 August 2012) was a New Zealand cricketer who played as a right-handed batter. She appeared in two Test matches for New Zealand in 1957. She played domestic cricket for Canterbury.
# Sierra de Cucalón

Sierra de Cucalón is a 25-kilometre (16 mi) long system of mountain ranges in Aragon, Spain, located between the comarcas of Jiloca and Cuencas Mineras.

## Geography

These mountains are part of the Iberian System and are often covered with snow in the winter. Rivers Huerva and Martín have their source in these ranges.
The Ermita de la Virgen de Pelarda is located in the Pelarda range, close to Olalla.

### Subranges

Two main ranges run parallel to each other, the northern one is Sierra de Oriche, also known as "Las Rochas", and the southern one, smoother and covered with forest, as Sierra de Pelarda or Sierra de la Pelarda (also known as "Sierra de Fonfría" after the town of Fonfría in its central section) extending eastwards as Sierra Pedregosa. This whole system of mountain ranges is named after the town of Cucalón, located at the western end.
The ridge's highest summits are Pelarda (1,517 m), in Sierra de Pelarda, and La Modorra (1,478 m), located at the NW end of the Sierra de Oriche. Other important summits are El Marujal (1,486 m), Cerro del Ortigal (1,429 m), Alto del Puerto de Fonfría (1,501 m), La Rocha (1,340 m) and La Retuerta (1,492 m). All main peaks are inconspicuous except for La Modorra.

## Ecology

The Sierra de Pelarda mountains are covered with forest made up pine, Carrasca (Quercus ilex), cork oak, and juniper trees. There are many endangered species living in these relatively uninhabited mountains, far from human intervention.

## Features

* View of La Modorra from Lanzuela
* View of Sierra de Pelarda from Bea
* Juniper trees and garbage near Olalla
# Gael Nagaiya

Gael Nagaiya (born 8 May 1966) is a former netball player who, in 1992, was the 100th woman ever to play for the New Zealand national netball team. She has also served as a selector for the team.

## Netball career

Gael Nagaiya (née Robinson) played netball for Auckland and was also selected for the New Zealand Under-21 team. In 1992, she was selected for the Silver Ferns, the national netball team, making her debut against England during the team's tour to the United Kingdom at the end of that year. She played one other test match on the tour but those were her only matches for New Zealand.
After a coaching and administrative role in netball clubs, Nagaiya was appointed as a selector for the Silver Ferns in 2011. In 2012 she became an emerging talent selector and in 2013 she was made the convenor of the national netball selectors, a position she held until 2018.