OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Junctionless nanowire transistor

Junction-Less nanowire transistor (JLNT) is a type of Field-effect transistor (FET) in which the channel consists of one or more nanowires and does not contain a junction.

## Existing devices

Multiple JLNT devices were manufactured in various labs:

### Tyndall National Institute in Ireland

JLT is a nanowire-based transistor that has no gate junction. (Even MOSFET has a gate junction, although its gate is electrically insulated from the controlled region.) Junctions are difficult to fabricate, and, because they are a significant source of current leakage, they waste significant power and heat. Eliminating them held the promise of cheaper and denser microchips. The JNT uses a simple nanowire of silicon surrounded by an electrically isolated "wedding ring" that acts to gate the flow of electrons through the wire. This method has been described as akin to squeezing a garden hose to gate the flow of water through the hose. The nanowire is heavily n-doped, making it an excellent conductor. Crucially the gate, comprising silicon, is heavily p-doped; and its presence depletes the underlying silicon nanowire thereby preventing carrier flow past the gate.

### LAAS

A Junction-Less Vertical Nano-Wire FET (JLVNFET) manufacturing process was developed in Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems (LAAS).

## Electrical Behaviour

Thus the device is turned off not by reverse bias voltage applied to the gate, as in the case of conventional MOSFET but by full depletion of the channel. This depletion is caused due to work-function difference (Contact_potentials) between the gate material and doped silicon in the nanowire.
The JNT uses bulk conduction instead of surface channel conduction. The current drive is controlled by doping concentration and not by gate capacitance.
Germanium has been used instead of silicon nanowires.
# Chrysophyllum cainito

Chrysophyllum cainito is a tropical tree of the family Sapotaceae. It is native to the Isthmus of Panama, where it was domesticated. It has spread to the Greater Antilles and the West Indies and is now grown throughout the tropics, including Southeast Asia. It grows rapidly and reaches 20 meters in height.

## Name

The common names cainito and caimito likely come from the Mayan words cab (juice), im (breast), and vitis (sap), via Spanish. Star apple is a common name. It is also known as the purple apple.

## Description
### Tree

The leaves are evergreen, alternate, simple oval, entire, 5–15 cm long; the underside shines with a golden color when seen from a distance. The tiny flowers are purplish white and have a sweet fragrant smell. The tree is also hermaphroditic (self-fertile). It produces a strong odor.

### Fruit

The fruit is globose and typically measures from 2 to 3 inches in diameter. When ripe, it usually has purple skin with a faint green area appearing around the calyx. A radiating star pattern is visible in the pulp. Greenish-white and yellow-fruited cultivars are sometimes available. The skin is rich in latex, and both it and the rind are not edible. The flattened seeds are light brown and hard. It is a seasonal fruit bearing tree.
The fruits are used as a fresh dessert fruit; it is sweet and often served chilled. The fruit also exists in three colors, dark purple, greenish brown and yellow. The purple fruit has a denser skin and texture while the greenish brown fruit has a thin skin and a more liquid pulp; the yellow variety is less common.
A number of related species, also called star apples, are grown in Africa including Gambeya albida and G. africana.

## Gallery

* Cainito fruit cut in half
* Freshly plucked cainitos
* Leaves
* Fruits, usually purple, may also be green or red
# Christiane Weber (fencer)

Christiane Weber (born 17 March 1962) is a German fencer. She won gold medals in the team foil events at the 1984 and 1988 Summer Olympics. Weber is married to Achim Bellmann, who competed in the modern pentathlon at the 1984 Games.
# Lumkani

Lumkani is a social enterprise launched by South African Students to deliver a networked heat detector device to decrease risks of fire in rural and urban informal settlements.

## Foundation
### Background

Lumkani was initially a university project created by Francois Petousis, an electrical engineering student in the University of Cape Town. Petousis designed a smoke detector. The current Lumkani system utilizes rate of temperature change, the original temperature detection system being designed by Samuel Ginsberg.
In 2014, Petousis and his team created the Lumkani startup along with his supervisor Samuel Ginsberg, to sell the heat detector device. The name of the startup and the device has its origins in the local Xhosa language, Lumkani means “Be careful”.

### The device

The device is a small blue box that measure the rate of temperature rise rather than detecting smoke which helps in reducing false alarms. The network of Lumkani devices in a specific slum uses radio frequency to send text messages and notify people in cases of emergencies. An alarm will be activated in all houses within a 60 metres (200 ft) radius if the initial alarm is not disarmed within 30 seconds.
The central device of the network locates the GPS coordinates of the blaze, to coordinate with the fire department for immediate intervention.

### Installation

As of November 2014, Lumkani distributed 7,000 devices in South African slums. In 2015, more detectors were installed in 5000 households in South Africa's highest fire risk community in Cape Town, South Africa. The start-up is planning to implement a social impact bond with several local governments to provide the device to numerous households in informal settlements for a small fee or for free.

## Recognition & funding

In 2014, the startup received funding from South Africa’s Technology Innovation Agency (TIA).
In the same year, the startup won Global Innovation through Science and Technology competition’s Best Start-up award.
In 2015, the startup’s device was a finalist in the Katherine M. Swanson Young Innovator Award. On the same year, Lumkani won the People’s Choice Award at Global Social Venture Competition.
In 2020, Lumkani won the EIC Horizon Prize for Affordable High-Tech on Humanitarian Aid, at EU Research&Innovation Days.

## Expansion

The startup is expanding its activities to other African countries and India.
# Joe Muto

Joe Muto, known as the "Fox Mole", is a former employee of Fox News known for his leaks of material from the company to Gawker.
Muto, a graduate of University of Notre Dame, started work at Fox as a production assistant in July 2004 and became an associate producer for The O'Reilly Factor, Bill O'Reilly's show, in January 2007.

## "The Fox News Mole"

In April 2012, Muto started a column on Gawker, "The Fox News Mole," in which he leaked gossip and unreleased footage from Fox News. According to Muto, he wanted to quit Fox News and work for Gawker, but Gawker staff instead proposed that he remain at Fox and leak material to them. To prove he worked at Fox News, Muto sent Gawker two Fox News outtakes: one was a discussion of horses by Sean Hannity and Mitt Romney, and another was Newt Gingrich having his hair done by his wife. Gawker paid him $5,000 for the material. The outtakes were posted publicly.
According to Muto, he believed that only certain people in the New York City media industry would be interested in his column, but media attention spread nationally and to major news outlets. Fox News staff looked at the login information and found that Muto was the only person to recently access both videos. The company fired him.

## Misdemeanor conviction and aftermath

On May 9, Muto pleaded guilty to two misdemeanor charges: "attempted unlawful duplication of computer material" and "attempted criminal possession of computer material". He was sentenced to 200 hours of private community service, ten days of community service ordered by the court, and a fine of $1,000; he also gave up the $5,000 Gawker paid him to the court. Gawker paid for Muto's criminal defense.
As part of his community service Muto cleaned municipal parks, and for his private community service he chose to assist a Brooklyn literacy organization. Muto stated that he "did something very stupid and I suppose it's right that I paid for it." He stated that he would not have leaked the material if he knew he would be criminally prosecuted for it. Gawker editor-in-chief John Cook criticized the sentence, accusing Cyrus Vance Jr., the district attorney of Manhattan, of trying to please Roger Ailes.
Muto wrote the book An Atheist in the FOXhole chronicling his experiences at Fox.
# Henry Ciuci

Henry Ciuci (April 25, 1903 – January 1986) was an American professional golfer. He won six official PGA Tour events in the late 1920s and early 1930s, and was one of the Tour's most successful performers between 1928 and 1931.

## Professional career

Ciuci's best finish in a major championship was a tie for fifth place in the 1924 PGA Championship. His best effort in the U.S. Open was a sixth place tie in 1928. He finished T25 in the 1934 Masters Tournament.
Ciuci won two Tour events in 1928, and scored two second-place finishes. He had 11 finishes in the top-10 and 15 in the top-25 that season. In 1929, he won one Tour event, finished third three times, had eight finishes in the top-10 and 17 in the top-25. He had his best season in 1931, winning three times, one of which was the inaugural Connecticut Open. Also in 1931, he finished third twice, had eight finishes in the top-10 and 10 in the top-25. For his career, in addition to the six wins, Ciuci is credited with 53 top-10 finishes and 85 finishes in the top-25.

## Professional wins (6)
### PGA Tour wins (6)

* 1928 (2) Florida Open, Norfolk Open
* 1929 (1) New England Pro Golfers
* 1931 (3) Fort Lauderdale Open, Coral Gables Open (tie with Walter Hagen), Connecticut Open
Source:

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 1923 | 1924 | 1925 | 1926 | 1927 | 1928 | 1929 |
| U.S. Open | 58 | | | | | T6 | 7 |
| PGA Championship | | QF | | | | | R16 |
| Tournament | 1930 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1940 |
| Masters Tournament | NYF | NYF | NYF | NYF | T25 | T45 | | |
| U.S. Open | WD | T29 | T14 | T15 | T17 | WD | CUT | CUT |
| PGA Championship | R32 | R32 | | | | | | |
Note: Ciuci never played in The Open Championship.
NYF = Tournament not yet founded WD = Withdrew CUT = missed the half-way cut R64, R32, R16, QF, SF = Round in which player lost in PGA Championship match play "T" indicates a tie for a place
# Mike Hazen

Michael Norman Hazen (born January 7, 1976) is an American professional baseball executive and current executive vice president and general manager of the Arizona Diamondbacks of Major League Baseball (MLB). A Princeton University graduate and former minor league outfielder, he previously served as the GM and senior vice president of the Boston Red Sox, working under Ben Cherington.

## Playing career

Hazen played four years of college baseball for the Princeton Tigers and was selected in the 31st round by the San Diego Padres in the 1998 Major League Baseball draft. After batting .307 with 62 hits in the Rookie-level Pioneer League with the Idaho Falls Chukars in 1998, he was promoted to the Class A Fort Wayne Wizards of the Midwest League. He batted only .203 in 72 games in 1999, and a chronic shoulder injury ended his playing career. He was an outfielder who threw left-handed and batted right-handed.

## Baseball executive career

After his playing career, Hazen scouted the Cape Cod League for Peter Gammons. Gammons and Hazen's Princeton coach, Scott Bradley, recommended him to the Cleveland Indians, where he was an intern then an advance scout in 2001 and 2002. Promoted to assistant director of professional scouting in 2003, he then spent 2004 and 2005 as Cleveland's assistant director of player development, working directly under John Farrell, who would serve as manager of the Red Sox from 2013 to 2017.
Hazen joined the Boston Red Sox as director of player development in February 2006. Farrell would follow as the team's pitching coach eight months later. Hazen was promoted to vice president, player development and amateur scouting, in 2011. He was promoted to vice president and assistant general manager (GM) under Ben Cherington in 2012, then named a senior vice president and keeping his assistant GM title in early 2015. On September 23, 2015, Hazen was named GM by Red Sox president of baseball operations Dave Dombrowski. Though Dombrowski assumed final authority for baseball decisions, Hazen served as a top aide and had input in the club's decision-making. During his one full season in the post, Boston won the 2016 American League East Division championship but lost in the ALDS to the eventual league champions, the Indians.
On October 16, 2016, Hazen agreed to become the executive vice president and GM of the Arizona Diamondbacks, serving as the team's top baseball operations executive.
On June 11, 2021, Hazen announced he would be taking a physical leave of absence to spend more time with his wife Nicole, who was battling brain cancer. Hazen stated that he didn’t feel he could devote the time required to lead the team’s trade deadline and draft preparation while attending to his family responsibilities.
In October 2023, Hazen signed a contract extension with the Diamondbacks lasting until 2028. That month, the Diamondbacks won the National League pennant before losing in the World Series to the Texas Rangers.

## Personal life

Hazen and his wife Nicole married in 2004. She died of brain cancer on August 4, 2022. They had four sons together.
Hazen was born in Weymouth, Massachusetts, and grew up in nearby Abington.
# Robert Reffkin

Robert L. Reffkin is an American entrepreneur who co-founded the online real estate brokerage Compass, Inc. and serves as the company's CEO.

## Biography

Reffkin is African American and Jewish and grew up in Berkeley, California. His father was an African American man from Louisiana, who already had two children, and shortly after Reffkin was born abandoned him and his mother. Emigrating from Israel at age 7, his mother Ruth Reffkin, after having her son, was disowned by her family after learning that their grandson was of African American descent. Since his mother never married his biological father, his mother gave Reffkin his last name, from her first marriage to Gene Reffkin, also Reffkin's Godfather. His father, a jazz musician, passed away when he was 11 years old.
Through A Better Chance, he was matched with and enrolled in San Francisco University High School, where he also delivered its 2021 commencement address. In 1994, Reffkin started his first business at age 15—a DJ company funded by his bar mitzva and babysitting savings. He was involved with the Network For Teaching Entrepreneurship as a teenager.
In 2000, Reffkin graduated from Columbia University with a bachelor's degree in under two years. After graduating from Columbia, he worked for McKinsey & Company from 2000 to 2002 before returning to school and graduated from Columbia Business School with a M.B.A. in 2003. At the time of his hiring, he was the youngest analyst hired by McKinsey.
He then moved into investment banking and spent two years working for Lazard. Between 2005 and 2006, Reffkin was a White House Fellow and worked for Secretary of the Treasury John W. Snow. He returned to investment banking afterwards as a vice president for Goldman Sachs, becoming chief of staff for President and COO Gary Cohn.
In 2007, Reffkin began a nonprofit, New York Needs You (now America Needs You) to mentor low-income college students. He did a $1 million fundraising by running a marathon in each of the 50 states in the United States and launched NYNY in 2009.
In 2012, he co-founded the online real estate technology company Compass, Inc. with Ori Allon. The inspiration for his business came from his mother, who suffered hardships working as a real estate agent. Reffkin was inspired to use technology to improve the ability of agents to build their brand, analyze data, and conduct market research to make their business more efficient and profitable. In April 2021, Compass, Inc. went public and, according to Black Enterprise, Reffkin was projected to become America's youngest black billionaire. His net worth stood at $500 million following the IPO of his company.
Reffkin worked with Peter Koechley, Upworthy co-founder and former managing editor of The Onion, in writing the book No One Succeeds Alone: Learn Everything You Can from Everyone You Can, published in 2021.
# Pierre Guarin

Pierre Guarin (1678 – 29 December 1729) was a French Hebraist. He was born at Le Tronquay (Normandy) in 1678. He entered the order of the Benedictines of St. Maur on 21 October 1696, became subsequently professor of Greek and Hebrew, and died librarian of the abbey of St. Germain des Pros on 29 December 1729.
He had a lively literary controversy with canon Masclef, and wrote Grammatica Hebraica et Chal-deice, etc. (Paris, 1724 8, 2 vols. 4to) : — Lexicon Hebra-icum et Chaldaeobiblicum (Par. 1746, 2 vols. 4to). Guapin only completed this dictionary to Mere inclusively; the following letters were the work of other Benedictines. See Le Cerf, Bibl. Hist. et crit. des Auteurs de la Cony. de St. Maur; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Genesis 22:318.
This article incorporates public domain material from McClintock, John; Strong, James (1867–1887). Cyclopædia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature. Harper and Brothers.
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# Rectococcygeal muscle

The rectococcygeal muscles are two bands of smooth muscle tissue arising from the 2nd and 3rd coccygeal vertebrae, and passing downward and forward to blend with the rectal longitudinal smooth muscle fibers on the posterior wall of the anal canal.

## Structure

The rectococcygeal muscles are composed of smooth muscle and run from the anterior surface of the 2nd and 3rd coccygeal vertebrae down the posterior wall of the rectum as a triangular shaped muscle before branching and inserting among the various muscles and fascial structures associated with the pelvic diaphragm and anal canal and collectively called longitudinal anal muscles.

### Variation

There are some differences in the retrococcygeal muscle architecture between males and females. In males the muscle inserts with the fascia of the levator ani to either side of the rectum or to other fascial elements of the pelvic diaphragm. In females the rectococcygeal muscle additionally runs around the sides of the rectum to connect to the rectovaginal fascia of the posterior vaginal wall. There is also evidence suggesting that the retrococcygeal muscles are ~2-fold thicker in females.

### Innervation

The rectoccygeal muscles are innervated by autonomic nerves associated with the inferior hypogastric plexus.

## Function

The rectococcygeal muscles form part of the complex arrangement of muscle surrounding the rectum, sometimes termed the anal-sphincter complex, which act to stabilise and support the anal canal during defecation. The rectococcygeal muscle acts to lift the sphincter, thereby effectively shortening the rectum and aiding evacuation.

## Other animals

In many animals with tails, such as horses and dogs, the rectococcygeal muscles are involved in the response to the raising of the tail during defecation. In tailed animals the muscle attaches to vertebrae in a more caudal position than in humans due to the additional vertebrae in the tail, in dogs there are connections to the 5th and 6th caudal vertebrae and in horses to the 4th or 5th. The rectococcygeal muscle in the rabbit is notable for being one of the fastest contracting mammalian smooth muscles known.

## Other images

* Pelvic region showing m. rectococcygeus.
# Levon Helm (1978 album)

Levon Helm is the second solo album by the American musician Levon Helm, released in 1978. Helm and Dunn concentrated on singing and producing, respectively, rather than contributing on drums and bass. "I Came Here to Party" is a cover of the Tony Joe White song.

## Track listing

* "Ain't No Way to Forget You" (Carroll Quillen, Grady Smith)
* "Driving at Night" (Daniel Moore)
* "Play Something Sweet" (Allen Toussaint)
* "Sweet Johanna" (Johanna Hall, John Hall)
* "I Came Here to Party" (Tony Joe White)
* "Take Me to the River" (Al Green, Teenie Hodges)
* "Standing on a Mountaintop" (Earl Cate, Ernie Cate)
* "Let's Do It in Slow Motion" (Benny Latimore)
* "Audience for My Pain" (Gerry Goffin, Barry Goldberg)

## Personnel

* Levon Helm – vocals
* Dan Ferguson, Jimmy Johnson, Larry Byrom – guitar
* Steve Cropper – guitar, percussion
* David Hood, Scott Edwards – bass guitar
* Barry Beckett, Randy McCormick – keyboards
* Roger Hawkins, Willie Hall – drums
* Lou Marini – tenor and alto saxophone
* Alan Rubin – trumpet
* Tom Malone – trombone, horn arrangements
* Earl Cate, Ernie Cate, Mary Berry – backing vocals
# 1943 SANFL Grand Final

The 1943 SANFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football championship game. It was held during World War II and was contested between merged clubs. Norwood-North beat Port–Torrens 82 to 61.
# Ben Bowns

Ben Bowns (born 21 January 1991) is an English professional ice hockey goaltender for UK Elite Ice Hockey League side Cardiff Devils and the Great Britain national team.

## Playing career

Bowns played youth hockey in Sheffield, before signing with the Hull Stingrays in 2012. He would play two years as the starter in Hull before signing in Cardiff in 2014.
With the Devils, he won the EIHL Challenge Cup twice and has been named goaltender of the year three times. Despite receiving offers from other European leagues, remained in Cardiff until 2020.
On 14 August 2020 it was confirmed Bowns had departed Cardiff for IceHL side Graz 99ers. Bowns had played against Graz twice in the 2019–20 Champions Hockey League, helping Cardiff to two wins over the 99ers.
In March 2021, Bowns was drafted by EIHL side Nottingham Panthers ahead of the 2021 Elite Series.
On 16 June 2021 it was announced Bowns had signed to a second contract abroad after agreeing to join Slovak Extraliga side HK Dukla Trenčín for the 2021–22 season.
After two seasons abroad, Bowns returned to the UK and to a second spell with Cardiff – re-signing in May 2022 ahead of the 2022–23 season.
In February 2023, Bowns was credited with a goal in Cardiff's 4–1 victory at the Dundee Stars, as he was the last Devils player to touch the puck prior to the Stars' Johan Eriksson putting it into his own net. As a result, he became the fourth goaltender to be credited with such an achievement in British league ice hockey, after Tony Melia, Jody Lehman and Mark Bernard.

## International play

Bowns made his first appearance for the British senior team in 2012, and has played as the country's starter ever since. In 2019, Britain made the IIHF Men's World Championship for the first time in 25 years, where Bowns was named player of the match after making 59 saves in a 6-3 loss to the USA. He finished the tournament as the goalie with the most saves. Bowns again represented Great Britain at the 2021 IIHF World Championship, finishing with a save percentage of 91%.
In late April to early May 2023, Bowns was Great Britain's starting netminder for the IIHF World Championship division 1A tournament in Nottingham. He played all five games in the tournament and was awarded netminder of the tournament with a save percentage of 93.46%, a goal against average of 1.39 and 3 shutouts against Korea, Romania and Lithuania. Team GB was promoted to the 2024 World Championship in Czechia after winning all 5 games.
Bowns would compete in the 2024 IIHF World Championship he finished the tournament with a 88.3 SV% and a 4.67 GAA.Great Britain's only win 4-2 over Austria Ben was between the pipes.

## Personal life

Bowns has named former NHL goalie Patrick Roy as his favourite player growing up.