OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander Popov (film)

Alexander Popov (Russian: Александр Попов) is a 1949 biographical drama film directed by Herbert Rappaport about the life and work of Alexander Stepanovich Popov, who was a notable physicist and electrical engineer and an early developer of radio communication.

## Plot

Alexander Popov collaborates with Pyotr Rybkin (portrayed by Alexander Borisov), who is studying the electromagnetic theory of light. Together, they conduct experiments that lead to the invention of the wireless telegraph, a device they use to save the lives of sailors trapped in Arctic ice under the command of Admiral Makarov (played by Konstantin Skorobogatov).
However, Popov's journey is fraught with challenges. Alongside supportive colleagues, he faces unscrupulous individuals seeking to exploit scientific breakthroughs for personal gain. The invention's patent is ultimately secured by Marconi, forcing Russia to purchase devices from abroad for years. Despite offers from foreign institutions, Popov remains a patriot, reflecting the integrity and moral principles that make him a figure of admiration and respect.

## Role as propaganda film

Along with Grigori Roshal's Ivan Pavlov, which came out that same year, Alexander Popov was among the first in a series of patriotic biographical films produced in the Soviet Union which aimed to prove the superiority of Russian and Soviet science and art over that of the West.
The films acknowledges the Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi, but makes no mention of Nikola Tesla, whose work paved the way for Popov's inventions. This obscuring of American achievements is in line with other Russian Cold War-era films.

## Cast

* Nikolay Cherkasov as Aleksandr Stepanovich Popov
* Aleksandr Borisov as Rybkin
* Konstantin Skorobogatov as Admiral Makarov
* Ilya Sudakov as Mendeleyev
* Yuriy Tolubeev as Petrushevsky
* Vladimir Chestnokov as Lyuboslavsky
* Kseniya Blagoveshchenskaya as Raisa Alekseevna
* Leonid Vivyen as Tyrtov
* Bruno Freindlikh as Marconi
* Osip Abdulov as Isaacs

## Awards

In 1951, Cherkasov, Skorobogatov, Freindlich, and Borisov received the Stalin Prize of the 2nd degree for their work on Alexander Popov.
# When Doctors Disagree

When Doctors Disagree is a 1919 comedy film directed by Victor Schertzinger, written by Anna F. Briand, photographed by Percy Hilburn, and starring Mabel Normand. The movie was released by the Goldwyn Pictures Corporation with a running time of 50 minutes. A print of the film survives in the Cinémathèque Royale film archive.

## Plot

As described in a film magazine, Violet Henny (Ridgeway), the village miser's haughty daughter, as Queen of the May will not admit Millie Martin (Normand), the ragged daughter of old man David Martin, to her May Pole party, Millie breaks up the party. The next day she accompanies her father on the train to a nearby town to pay off the mortgage. While on the train she falls in love with chubby John Turner (Hiers), a young man who believes that he has committed a murder and is fleeing disguised as his uncle, who is a noted surgeon. Millie feigns a serious illness and the supposed doctor recommends an immediate operation, hoping to get the young woman off the train at the next town. He succeeds, but is also detrained to assist in the operation. After numerous remarkable incidents at the small town hospital, the couple are revealed as engaged.

## Cast

* Mabel Normand as Millie Martin
* Walter Hiers as John Turner
* George Nichols as David Martin
* Fritzi Ridgeway as Violet Henny
* Alec B. Francis as Dr. Harris, Sr.
* William Buckley as Dr. Harris, Jr.
* James Gordon
# Alfred George Greenhill

Sir Alfred George Greenhill FRS FRAeS (29 November 1847 in London – 10 February 1927 in London), was a British mathematician.
George Greenhill was educated at Christ's Hospital School and from there he went to St John's College, Cambridge in 1866. In 1876, Greenhill was appointed professor of mathematics at the Royal Military Academy (RMA) at Woolwich, London, UK. He held this chair until his retirement in 1908, when he was knighted.
His 1892 textbook on applications of elliptic functions is of acknowledged excellence. He was one of the world's leading experts on applications of elliptic integrals in electromagnetic theory.
He was a Plenary Speaker of the ICM in 1904 at Heidelberg (where he also gave a section talk) and an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1908 at Rome, in 1920 at Strasbourg, and in 1924 at Toronto.

## Greenhill formula

In 1879 Greenhill calculated complicated twist rate formulas for rifled artillery by approximating the projectile as an elongated ellipsoid of rotation in incompressible fluid (which, as he couldn't have known back then, assumes subsonic flight). Later, English ballistician F. W. Jones simplified it for typical bullet lengths into a rule of thumb for calculating the optimal twist rate for lead-core bullets. This shortcut uses the bullet's length, needing no allowances for weight or nose shape. The eponymous Greenhill formula, still used today, is:
$\mathrm {Twist} ={\frac {CD^{2}}{L}}\times {\sqrt {\frac {SG}{10.9}}}$
where:
* C = 150 (use 180 for muzzle velocities higher than 2,800 ft/s)
* D = bullet's diameter in inches
* L = bullet's length in inches
* SG = bullet's specific gravity (10.9 for lead-core bullets, which cancels out the second half of the equation)
The original value of C was 150, which yields a twist rate in inches per turn, when given the diameter D and the length L of the bullet in inches. This works to velocities of about 840 m/s (2800 ft/s); above those velocities, a C of 180 should be used. For instance, with a velocity of 600 m/s (2000 ft/s), a diameter of 0.5 inches (13 mm) and a length of 1.5 inches (38 mm), the Greenhill formula would give a value of 25, which means 1 turn in 25 inches (640 mm).
Recently, Greenhill formula has been supplemented with Miller twist rule.

## Textbooks

* A. G. Greenhill Differential and integral calculus, with applications ( London, MacMillan, 1886) archive.org
* A. G. Greenhill, The applications of elliptic functions (MacMillan & Co, New York, 1892) University of Michigan Historical Mathematical Collection
* A. G. Greenhill, A treatise on hydrostatics (MacMillan, London, 1894) archive.org
* A. G. Greenhill, The dynamics of mechanical flight (Constable, London, 1912) archive.org
* A. G. Greenhill, Report on gyroscopic theory (Darling & Son, 1914)
# Jordan at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics

Jordan competes at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics from 15 to 23 August in Berlin.

## Team selection

| Event | Athletes | Athletes |
| Event | Men | Women |
| 200 metres | Khalil Al Hanahneh | |
| 400 metres | | Rania Alqebali |

## Results
### Men

| Event | Athletes | Heats | Heats | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Event | Athletes | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| 200 m | Khalil Al Hanahneh | 21.98 | 56 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

### Women

| Event | Athletes | Heats | Heats | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Event | Athletes | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| 400 m | Rania Alqebali | 1:00.90 SB | 38 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# Sugari no Ontachi

Sugari No Ontachi (須賀利御太刀) is a Japanese sword. It is one of the important sacred treasures of the Inner Shrine, Naikū (内宮) of Ise Grand Shrine (伊勢神宮, Ise Jingū), the Grand Head of Shinto shrines in Japan. Kotai Jingu Gishikicho (皇太神宮儀式帳) describes Sugari (須賀利) as "須賀流". "須賀流" is an archaic word for bee or wasp, which is thought to have been named for its beautiful decoration like a bee or wasp.
Since the reign of Empress Jitō at the end of the 7th century, Ise Grand Shrine has continued the tradition of Shikinen Sengu (式年遷宮), in which the shrine buildings are rebuilt every 20 years on an adjacent site with the same specifications. This tradition is based on the idea of Tokowaka (常若) in Shinto, that new objects have stronger divine power. There are 1576 sacred treasures that are renewed every 20 years, and Sugari no Ontachi is the most important sacred treasure along with Tamamaki no Ontachi (玉纏御太刀) in the sword category.
The Sugari no Ontachi was first described in the Kotai Jingu Gishikicho (皇太神宮儀式帳) compiled in 804, and it is believed that new decorations were added to the scabbard and sword fittings at each subsequent Shikinen Sengu to complete the design as we know it today. The scabbards and hanging belts of Sugari no Ontachi and Tamamaki no Ontachi were made in a characteristic style in the Heian period after the end of the 8th century.
A part of the name of Sugari no Ontachi", "Tachi" (太刀) is characterized by a curved blade, but the shape of the Sugari no Ontachi is similar to a straight Chokutō (直刀). As Sugari no Ontachi is used for religious services, it is much more gorgeous than swords for actual fighting. The exterior is decorated with fine gold sculptures, multiple bells, crystal, glass, agate and amber, and two crested ibis feathers.

## Modern age

At the 61st Shikinen Sengu in 1993, the Japanese crested ibis was on the verge of extinction and it was thought that it would be impossible to obtain feathers, but the feathers kept by donors were taken over and they were secured until the 62nd Shikinen Sengu in 2013.
Until the Meiji period, the sacred treasures were made as an offering to Kami in the main hall for 20 years, and then kept in the treasure house for another 20 years to serve as a model for the manufacturing of sacred treasures in later years, and then burned or buried in the shrine grounds. After the opening of the Jingu Chokokan Museum (神宮徴古館), the old sacred treasures removed from the treasure house exhibited at special exhibitions in the Jingu Chokokan Museum and other museums. Recently, from October 2015 to October 2016, the old Sugari no Ontachi, which had been replaced, was displayed together with 9 swords including Tamamaki no Ontachi at Jingu Chokokan Museum. Also, old sacred treasures removed from the treasure house may be granted as an Imperial gift to other shrines.
# EcoPark

EcoPark may refer to:
* Nature reserve, Nature park
* Protected area, some other types of protected areas in several countries
* Birmingham EcoPark, an environmental education centre, Birmingham, England
* EcoPark (Hong Kong), an industrial park for waste recycling and environmental engineering
* Ecopark (Vietnam), an urban township development on the outskirts of Hanoi
* Edmonton EcoPark, a waste-to-energy plant in Edmonton, London
* Kuakata Ecopark, Kalapara Upazila, Patuakhali District, Bangladesh
* La Mesa Ecopark, a public park in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
# The Sultan's Wife

The Sultan's Wife is a 1917 American silent comedy film directed by Clarence G. Badger and starring Bobby Vernon and Gloria Swanson. The film is also known under the title Caught in a Harem.

## Plot

Gloria follows sailor boyfriend Bobby to India. After she is kidnapped by the sultan, who wants her for his harem, Bobby must come to the rescue.

## Cast

* Gloria Swanson as Gloria
* Bobby Vernon as Bobby
* Joseph Callahan
* Teddy the Dog
* Gonda Durand
* Phyllis Haver
* Roxana McGowan
* Vera Steadman
* Edith Valk
* Blanche Payson as Harem Matron (uncredited)

## Reception

Like many American films of the time, The Sultan's Wife was subject to cuts by city and state film censorship boards. The Chicago Board of Censors required a cut of the scenes with a man on a bench wiggling his posterior after seeing dancers in the background, of the Sultan falling backwards after the dance and spreading his arms and legs, and of the man and woman knocking into each other.
# Gentle

Gentle may refer to:

## People

* Johnny Gentle, stage name of John Askew (born 1936), British pop singer who once toured with the Silver Beetles (later the Beatles) as his backing group
* Peter Gentle (born 1965), Australian rugby league footballer and coach
* Mensur Suljović (born 1972), Austrian darts player, nicknamed "The Gentle"

## Arts, entertainment and media

* Gentle (film), a 1960 Russian drama
* Gentle (character), a mutant in Marvel Comics

## Biology

* GENtle, free molecular biology software
* Gentle (maggot), the larva of a blowfly
# Niue Assembly

The Niue Assembly or Niue Parliament (Niuean: Niue Fono Ekepule) is the legislature of Niue. It consists of 20 members; 14 representatives of the villages and 6 elected on a common island-wide roll. Members are directly elected by universal suffrage, and serve a three-year term. Niue follows the Westminster system of government, with the Premier elected by the Assembly and the Cabinet drawn from it.

## History

The Assembly is descended from the Island Council established under the Cook Islands Act 1915. This was disbanded in 1959 and reconstituted as the Assembly, which was successively granted greater control. The Assembly assumed full law-making power within the constitution upon self-government in 1974.
The Assembly is physically located in Alofi.

## Speaker of the Assembly

The Assembly is presided over by a Speaker, elected by its members from outside their ranks. If a member of the Assembly is elected Speaker, they must resign their seat. The Speaker does not vote in proceedings, and does not enjoy a casting vote.
The current Speaker is Hima Douglas.

## Elections

Elections are held under a simple plurality system, with electors in the fourteen villages electing one member per village by majority vote, and six members from a common roll. Electors and candidates must be either New Zealand citizens or permanent residents of Niue, continually resident for at least three years at some point, and ordinarily resident for twelve months prior to enrolment as an elector or, as the case may be, nomination as a candidate.

## Terms of the Niue Assembly

| Term | Elected in | Government |
| 13th Assembly | 2008 election | Non-partisan |
| 14th Assembly | 2011 election | Non-partisan |
| 15th Assembly | 2014 election | |
| 16th Assembly | 2017 election | |
| 17th Assembly | 2020 election | |
| 18th Assembly | 2023 election | |

## Legislative procedures

The power of the Assembly to pass legislation is circumscribed by the constitution. Any member may introduce a bill, but the Assembly may not proceed on bills dealing with financial matters without the consent of the Premier. Bills affecting the criminal law or personal status, the public service or Niuean land may not proceed without a report from the Chief Justice, the Niue Public Service Commission, or an appropriate Commission of Inquiry respectively.
A bill becomes law when passed by the Assembly and certified by the Speaker. There is no Royal Assent.
# Froebel College of Education

Froebel College of Education was one of five colleges in the Republic of Ireland which was recognised by the Department of Education for the training and education of national school teachers. It was located at Sion Hill, Cross Avenue, Blackrock, Dublin and was run by the Dominican Order.
Froebel College, along with Coláiste Mhuire of Marino and the Church of Ireland College of Education Rathmines had been associated with Trinity College Dublin, which both awarded the degree of Bachelor in Education (B.Ed.) and the Higher Diploma in Education (Primary Teaching). The college also ran a BA degree in Early Childhood - Teaching and Learning (NUIM) and a one-year Post-Graduate Diploma in Special Education (NUIM). From September 2010, incoming students of Froebel College were being accredited by Maynooth University (MU).

## History

The college was established in 1943 by the Congregation of Dominican Sisters Sion Hill, who also ran the St Catherine's College of Education for Home Economics from 1929 to 2007, in Sion Hill, Blackrock. The 1970s saw the college's qualifications attain B.Ed. status, when Froebel had its degrees accredited by the University of Dublin. In 2008 a refurbishment of the buildings in Blackrock was completed. In April 2010 plans for Froebel College to move to Maynooth University were announced. In October 2016 Froebel College moved to a new permanent home, a purpose built facility on the Maynooth University campus.
Froebel Education is associated with progressive child-centred education. It seeks to foster quality teaching and learning, creativity, integration and sound practical classroom management in whatever situations teachers work with children.
In 2008 Marie McLoughlin was appointed President of the college up until the merger with Maynooth University. Other presidents have included Sr. Darina Hosey OP and Sr. Simeon Tarpey OP.

### Name

Froebel College of Education took its name from the 19th-century German educator, and founder of Kindergarten, Friedrich Fröbel (1782 - 1852). He advocated reverence for the child, learning through activity, exploration of the environment, enjoyment of beauty in all its manifestations and acceptance of the gifts of each individual.

## Move to Maynooth University

Since September 2013, the Froebel College of Education course is located at Maynooth University. The university established a "Froebel Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education" and is the first Irish university campus to offer a full-time B.Ed. degree course to enable students to qualify as primary teachers.
# Gurdwara Sri Ber Sahib

Gurdwara Sri Ber Sahib is a gurdwara in the city of Sultanpur Lodhi, Kapurthala district, Punjab, India, situated on the banks of Kali Bein rivulet. This gurdwara is the historical place related to Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the first Guru of Sikhs.

## History

This historic site is of great importance to Sikhism, as it is said to be the place where the First Guru of Sikhs, Guru Nanak, spent 14 years of his life. The place derives its name from a Ber tree (Ziziphus jujuba) said to have been planted by Guru Nanak himself, under which he first uttered the Mul Mantar or the "Sacred Word or Revelation" of Sikhism.

## Architecture

The present building of Gurdwara Sri Ber Sahib was built by Maharaja Jagatjit Singh of Kapurthala. The cornerstone was laid by Bhai Arjan Singh of Bagarian on 25 February 1937, and the gurdwara was on completion dedicated by Lieutenant General Maharaja Yadavindra Singh of Patiala on 26 January 1941. Standing on a high plinth and entered through a portico, supported by octagonal columns, and a small entrance gallery is the high ceilinged, marble floored hall. At the far end, marked off by a high archway decorated with floral designs in stucco, is the sanctum sanctorum, where the Guru Granth Sahib is seated on a white marble canopied throne. Besides the daily services and observance of important Sikh anniversaries, a popular fair takes place on each birthday of Guru Nanak Dev Ji.
# Mien Schopman-Klaver

Wilhelmina Hendrika "Mien" Schopman-Klaver (26 February 1911 – 10 July 2018) was a Dutch athlete who was a reserve for the 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. She was born in Amsterdam.

## Personal best marks

* 100 m: 12.7 s (August 1931, Amsterdam)
* Long jump: 5.02 m (16 ft 5+1⁄2 in)
* High jump: 1.45 m (4 ft 9 in)
# Desert of Fire (miniseries)

Desert of Fire is a 1997 TV miniseries directed by Enzo G. Castellari. It is a European co-production between Italy (where the miniseries was broadcast with the title Deserto di fuoco), Germany (where it is known as Prinzessin Amina - Das Geheimnis der Liebe) and France (where its title is Le désert de feu).

## Cast

* Anthony Delon as René / Ben
* Mandala Tayde as Amina
* Stéphane Freiss as Jacquot
* Arielle Dombasle as Magda
* Virna Lisi as Christine Duvivier
* Claudia Cardinale as Leila
* Vittorio Gassman as Tarek
* Marie Laforêt as Rama
* Fabio Testi as Diderot
* Giuliano Gemma as Tafud
* Franco Nero as Marcel Duvivier
* Mathieu Carrière as François Legrand
* Jean Sorel as Miller
* Christopher Buchholz as Dubai
* Orso Maria Guerrini as Alkan
* Luca Lionello as Selim
* Hans Peter Hallwachs as Jafar
# Spray paint art

Spray paint art uses spray painting on a non-porous material, such as wood, metal, glass, ceramic or plastic.
Spray paint art is usually street art, in large cities. Themes may include surreal landscapes of planets, comets, pyramids, cities, and nature scenes. The pieces can have a simple one-colored background or a multi-colored backgrounds in which the paint swirls together or fades from one color to the other through a series of differing values of each color. It is said to have originated in Mexico City in the early 1980s.
# Wien Handelskai railway station

Wien Handelskai is a railway and metro interchange station serving Brigittenau, the twentieth district of Vienna.
The platform for the S45 are on the lower level while platforms for the S1, S2, S3, S4, and S7 are on the upper level, adjacent to the U-Bahn platforms.
# Electron–nuclear dynamics

Electron–nuclear dynamics (END) covers a set of quantum chemical methods not using the Born-Oppenheimer representation. It considers the motion of the nuclei and the electrons on the same time scales. The method therefore considers the molecular Hamiltonian as a whole without trying to solve separately the Schrödinger equation associated to the electronic molecular Hamiltonian. Though the method is non-adiabatic it is distinguishable from most non-adiabatic methods for treating the molecular dynamics, which typically use the Born-Oppenheimer representation, but become non-adiabatic by considering vibronic coupling explicitly.
Electron–nuclear dynamics is applied in the modelling of high-speed atomic collisions (keV energies and above),$^{:325,339}$ where the nuclear motion may be comparable or faster than the electronic motion.
The group of Yngve Öhrn in Gainesville, Florida, has been a pioneer in this field. He applied the method to the collision between two hydrogen atoms.
# Espensen

Espensen is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Tiffany Espensen (born 1999), American actress
* Malene Espensen (born 1981), Danish glamour model
# Tiruppanantaal Arunajadeswarar Temple

Tiruppanantaal Arunajadewswarar Temple (திருப்பனந்தாள் அருணஜடேசுவரர் கோயில்) is a Hindu temple located at Tirupanandal in Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu, India. The historical name of the place is Thadagaieswaram. The presiding deity is Shiva. He is called as Aruna Jadewswarar. His consort is known as Periya Nayaki.

## Significance

It is one of the shrines of the 275 Paadal Petra Sthalams - Shiva Sthalams glorified in the early medieval Tevaram poems by Tamil Saivite Nayanar Tirugnanasambandar. Hymns in praise of the temple have been sung by Sambandar, Thirunavukkarasar, Nambiyandar Nambi and Arunagirinathar.

## Architecture

Aruna Jadeswarar Temple is situated in the town of Thiruppanandal, headquarters of the Thiruppanandal block of the Thiruvidaimarudur taluk. The Thiruppanandal Adheenam is based here. The temple lies on the banks of the Kollidam River. The presiding deity is Shiva in the form of Aruna Jadeswarar. His consort is Periya Nayaki. There are shrines to Ambika, Durga and Naga Kanni. The Rajagopura of the temple faces west. The temple has a total of three prakaras. The temple complex encloses the Kasi mutt founded by Saivite saint Kumaragurupara Desikar.

## Literary Mention

Tirugnanasambandar describes the feature of the deity as:
   சூழ்தரு வல்வினையு முடல் தோன்றிய பல்பிணியும்
   பாழ்பட வேண்டுதிரேல் மிக வேத்துமின் பாய்புனலும் போழிள வெண்மதியும் மனல் பொங்கரவும் புனைந்த
   தாழ்சடை யான் பனந்தாட் டிருத் தாடகை யீச்சரமே.