OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wailpi

The Wailpi are an indigenous people of South Australia They are also known as the Adnyamathanha, which also refers to a larger group, though they speak a dialect of the Adnyamathanha language.

## Country

The Wailpi had, according to Norman Tindale's figures, about 3,000 square miles (7,800 km$^2$) of territory around Umberatana and Mount Serie, south as far as Parachilna Gorge only in the Flinders Ranges. Their eastern extension ran above Wooltana. An early report by a police trooper in the area, Henry Quincy Smith, placed these 'hill people' at Mount Freeiing, Umberatana, Angipena, Ameandana. Lollabollana, Illawortina, the Daly and Stanley Mine (Poondinna).

## Social organization and customs

The Wailpi practised both circumcision and subincision.

## Mythology

According to Henry Quincy Smith:-
   They believe that two old women called Yammutu live towards the east a long way (paldrupa), and that when rain comes they lie down on their backs with their legs open, and the water runs into their person and causes them to bear a lot of young blacks called Muree; who, as they grow up, start westward, always throwing a small waddy, called weetchu, before them, till one of them meets a blackfellow with his lubra. The Muree, being invisible, then walks in the blackfellow' s tracks to make him or her look like the blackfellow, and then throws the small waddy under the thumb-nail or great toe-nail, and so enters into the woman's body. She is soon pregnant, and in due time gives birth to an ordinary child.'

## Alternative names

* Anjamutina, Andyamatana
* Anjimatana (Kuyani exonym = 'hill people.')
* Anyamatana, Adnjamatana, Adnjamadana, Adjnjamatana, Adyamatana
* Archualda
* Atjualda. (mishearing of preceding)
* Benbakanjamata. (Kuyani exonym meaning "Pine Hills people")
* Binbarnja. (Wadikali exonym from binba = Callitris)
* Gadjnjamadja
* Kanjamata, Kanjimata. (Wongkanguru exonym))
* Keidnamutha
* Keydnjamarda
* Kudnamietha. (eastern tribal exonym, kudna = feces, i.e. shit-eaters).
* Kutchnamootha
* Mardala. (Diyari exonym from Wailpi ma:dəla, meaning 'no'.)
* Mardula
* Ngatjuwalda. ("our speech", language name),
* Nimalda
* Nimbalda, Nimbaldi. (misprint).
* Nuralda
* Umbertana. (error for Umberatana, a toponym)
* Unyamatana, Unyamootha
* Wadla. ("Scrub wallabies", Diyari pejorative exonym)
* Wailbi. (in Barngarla, this word means 'south west')
* Wajalpi
* Wipie
# Gert Hauske

Gert Hauske (born 1940) is a German engineer and Emeritus Associate Professor at the Institute for Communications Engineering, Technische Universität München. He is known for his work in the field of vision research, especially focussed on a system theory of visual perception.

## Biography

Gert Hauske studied electrical engineering at the Technical University München (Germany). He received the diploma degree 1965 and the doctoral degree 1968. Habilitation for “Cybernetics” followed 1972. He had a research sabbatical 1974 at the University of California, Berkeley (United States) in cooperation with Gerald Westheimer.
After his return 1976 he was appointed Professor of “System Theory of Visual Perception” at the Institut für Nachrichtentechnik. Gert Hauskes research interests are in the field of modelling visual perception in relation to detection and localization, and the processing, storing and compressing of image data.

## Selected publications

* Gert Hauske. Systemtheorie der visuellen Wahrnehmung, Book, Teubner-Verlag, 1994

### Articles

* G. Hauske: Stochastische und rhythmische Eigenschaften spontan auftretender Verhaltensweisen von Fischen. Kybernetik 4, 26-36 (1967).
* G. Hauske: Performance of single letters and pairs of letters in short-term recognition experiments. ybernetik 9, 140-144 (1971).
* G. Hauske: Adaptive filter mechanisms in human vision. Kybernetik 16, 227-237 (1974).
* G. Westheimer, G. Hauske: Temporal and spatial interference with vernier acuity. Vision Res. 15, 1137-1141 (1975).
* G. Hauske, W. Wolf, U. Lupp: Matched filters in human vision. Biol. Cybernetics 22, 181-188 (1976).
* U. Lupp, G. Hauske, W. Wolf: Perceptual latencies to sinusoidal gratings. Vision Res. 16, 969-972 (1976).
* W. Wolf, G. Hauske, U. Lupp: Interaction of pre- and postsaccadic pattern having the same coordinates in space. Vision Res. 20, 117-125 (1980).
* G. Hauske, U. Lupp, W. Wolf: Comparison of two methods to analyse temporal properties of the visual system. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 22 (ARVO Suppl.), 253 (1982).
* W. Xu, G. Hauske: Picture quality evaluation based on error segmentation. In: Proc. SPIE Conf. on Visual Communications and Image Processing (1994).
* Krieger, G., Rentschler, I., Hauske, G., Schill, K., & Zetzsche, C. (2000). "Object and scene analysis by saccadic eye-movements: an investigation with higher-order statistics." Spatial Vision, 13(2), 201–214.
# Kurokawa gold mine

The Kurokawa gold mine (黒川金山, Kurokawa Kinzan) was a gold mine located in the city of Kōshū, Yamanashi, Japan which was in operation for several hundred years from the Sengoku period into the modern era. The site, along with the Nakayama gold mine (中山金山, Nakayama Kinzan) (in Minobu, Yamanashi) was collectively designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1997 as the Kai gold mine sites (甲斐金山遺跡, Kai Kinzan iseki).

## Overview

Kai Province, the ancestral home of the Takeda clan is a very mountainous area which is rich in mineral resources. After Takeda Shingen seized power from his father and unified the province, he developed the gold resources which were known to exist in various areas of the province, minting gold coins called "Kōshū kin", which were in great demand due to their purity.
The Kurokawa mine is located on the hillside of Mount Keikan (also known as Mount Kurokawa) in the northeastern part of the prefecture, at an elevation of 1350 to 1400 meters. Gold in the form of gold dust was known to have been extracted from the area since at least the early Kamakura period, however, exploitation began in earnest by Takeda Shingen and the locations of more than thirty mineheads and a smelter ruins have been found in this area, along with a mining town. Production is estimated to have reached its peak during the tenure of his son, Takeda Katsuyori. After the fall of the Takeda clan, Kai Province came under the control of Tokugawa Ieyasu, and the mines continued to operate into the Edo period under the control of the Tokugawa shogunate. Archaeological excavation has found mining tools such as mortars and chisels, ceramics, and daily necessities such as copper coins. Gold extraction was done by gold panning as well as open pit mining and tunneling. References to the mine disappear from historical records around the Genroku era (1688-1703). An attempt was made to reopen the mine in 1906, but the venture failed after two years. the Kurokawa mine is about 60 minutes by car from Enzan Station on the JR Tōkai Chūō Main Line.
The Nakayama mine is located in Minobu, Yamanashi in the southern part of the prefecture on the slopes of Mount Kenashi at an elevation of 1400 to 1600 meters. The site covers 16.36 hectares, and 124 mine heads have been identified.The site has a flat area where the residences of the workers and a smelter once existed and extensive tailing piles. Its history parallels that of the Kurokawa Mine, and it was controlled by the Anayama clan, retainers of the Takeda clan, and later of the Tokugawa. The mine was first mentioned in official documents in 1571 and was closed at the end of the 17th century. It is about 20 minutes by car from Shimobeonsen Station on the JR Tōkai Minobu Line; however, some artifacts are on display at the Yu-no-oku Museum of Gold Mining History (湯之奥金山博物館, Yunooku Kinzan hakubutsukan) in the town of Minobu.
# Briceida Cuevas

Briceida Cuevas, also known as Briceida Cuevas Cob (born Tepakán, Calkiní, Campeche, Mexico, July 12, 1969) is a Mayan poet. She writes poems about everyday life in Yucatec Maya, many of which have been translated into Spanish, French and English. She is a member of Escritores en Lenguas Indigenas A.C., and a corresponding member of the Academia Mexicana de la Lengua.

## Selected works

* Flor y canto: cinco poetas indígenas del sur, INI/UNESCO, Tabasco, 1993.
* In pákat yétel júntul t'el: Tumbén Ikʼtʼanil ich Mayaʼ Tʼan (Poesía contemporánea en lengua maya), España, 1994.
* U yokʼol auat pekʼ (El quejido del perro en su existencia), Casa Internacional del Escritor, Quintana Roo, 1995.
* Jeʼ bix kʼin (Como el sol), 1998.
* Las lenguas de América. Recital de poesía, UNAM, La Pluralidad Cultural en México, 2005.
* Voci di Antiche Radici, dieci poeti indigeni del Méssico, Trieste, Italia, 2005.
* Tiʼ u billil in nookʼ /Del dobladillo de mi ropa, 2008.
* U t'íibta'al cháak : u múuch ts'íibil ik'il t'aano'ob yéetel tsikbalo'ob ich Maya yétel kaselan = Escribiendo la lluvia : antología literaria en lengua maya-español. Campeche, 2012.
* Lenguas de Mexico: Maya (audio poetry reading by Briceida Cuevas Cob), 2019.

## Selected works translated into English

* Four poems by Briceida Cuevas Cob (from U yok’ol auat pek’ ti kuxtal pek’, [The growl of the dog in its existence]
* Two Poems [Kite and Owl]
* School
# Nikolajs Švedrēvics

Nikolajs Švedrēvics (January 18, 1891 – July 7, 1937) was a Latvian track and field athlete who competed for the Russian Empire in the 1912 Summer Olympics, where he finished 20th in the javelin throw competition. He was born in Riga, Russian Empire.
# Panama at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics

Panama competed at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia, from 10–18 August 2013. A team of one athlete was announced to represent the country in the event.
# Kualanamu Airport Rail Link

Kualanamu Airport Railink Services (ARS) (Indonesian: KA Bandara Kualanamu) is an airport rail link service in Medan in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The rail link is built to cut travel time from Medan railway station to Kualanamu International Airport, as roads connecting the airport and Medan city center are frequently affected by traffic congestion.
The Kualanamu ARS is the first airport rail link in Indonesia connecting passenger between the city centre and airport.

## Background

Train services is provided by PT Railink, a joint venture between PT Angkasa Pura II and PT Kereta Api Indonesia. It is the first integrated airport rail link in Indonesia, city check-in and electronic tickets are also available for convenience. The trains were manufactured by Woojin Industrial Systems in South Korea.
In May 2014, double-tracking was completed, cutting travel by at least 10 minutes. The first stage of double tracking, Kualanamu-Bandar Khalipah is predicted to be finished in end 2015, while the second stage as fly over Bandar Khalipah-Medan city is predicted to be finished in mid-year 2016.
The elevated tracks running from Medan Station up till Araskabu Station started operating on 1 December 2019. Beginning 28 September 2022, train services began making brief stops at Bandar Khalipah Station.

## Stations

| Station | Transfer/Notes | Location |
| Medan | Terminal station Intercity trains  S Sri Lelawangsa | Medan |
| Bandar Khalipah | Intercity trains | Deli Serdang Regency |
| Kualanamu International Airport | Terminal station Kualanamu International Airport | Deli Serdang Regency |
# Claudio Elórtegui Raffo

Claudio Hipólito Elórtegui Raffo (born 9 December 1951) is a Chilean economist who is the current rector of the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso.
Elórtegui received as a commercial engineer from Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso (PUCV) in 1975. Then, in 1979, he completed a Master of Arts in Economics at the University of Pittsburgh. Among his scholar interests also are the Foreign Affairs, an area where he completed –after complete his MA at United States— a postgraduate diploma in the university where he began: the PUCV, institution that then offered a specialization in Latinamerican affairs with a mention in Economics. During his professional career, he has also served as director of companies in both public and private business.
In 2010, he become PUCV's rector, being reelected in 2014 and 2018. That charge has allowed him serving as President of Chilean Non-State Public Universities Network (commonly known as G9). Among his publications in economics area, it highlights «Endeudamiento externo y conversión de deuda en la economía chilena» (or External indebtedness and debt conversion in the Chilean economy).

## Scholar career

In 1975, he debuted as teacher of the School of Business and Economics, where he taught courses of Microeconomics, Macroeconomics and International Economics both in undergraduate and graduate programs. This trajectory in his curriculum allowed him to reach a position as director of the career's academic unity (June 1984–April 1990). After April 1990, and already with christian-democrat Patricio Aylwin as President of the Republic, he was appointed as Regional Ministerial Secretary of Finances of Valparaíso Region, serving in these position until 1994. Besides, during these period, he was president of the Regional Administration's Productive Development Committee, being a titular member of the Regional Preventive Commission (Antitrust law).
From August 1994 to July 2010, Elórtegui served as Vice-rector of PUCV Administration and Finances. Likewise, he was an academic representative of Economics area in Valparaíso Regional Adjudication Committee for Public Criminal Defense Office (2003–2010).

## Politics

On 18 February 2022, it was reported he joined Amarillos por Chile.

## Personal life

He is father of Claudio Elórtegui Gómez, journalist of the PUCV.

## Works

* Endeudamiento externo y conversión de deuda en la economía chilena. Ediciones Universitarias de Valparaíso. 1988. 194 pages.
# Fire Rescue Victoria Training Academy

The Fire Rescue Victoria Training Academy (formerly known as the Victorian Emergency Management Training Centre (VEMTC)) is a training facility for Fire Rescue Victoria professional firefighters. The center is located in Melbourne, Australia's north in Craigieburn.

## History
### 2014

The training center was completed in June 2014 for $109 million and designed by Woods Bagot and HAAGEN. It was built for Metropolitan Fire Brigade (MFB) after 2 years of planning.

### 2015

It is the primary training center for Metropolitan Fire Brigade (MFB) and their recruit courses and promotional courses.
Following the closure of CFA Fiskville training ground due to health and safety reasons, the centre became the primary training facility for CFA new career fire fighters.

### 2023

VEMTC is renamed The Fire Rescue Victoria Training Academy.

## Key features

The 10 hectare facility has a focus on urban emergency incidents with scenarios for the following settings:
* road
* rail
* tunnel
* marine
* Urban Search and Rescue (USAR)
* High Angle Rescue Team (HART)
There is a large seven-story building or prop which includes a carpark and numerous other types of environments including an atrium, prison and hospital themes.
# 82-BM-37

The M-37 or 82-BM-37 (батальонный миномёт, battalion mortar) is a Soviet 82 millimeter calibre mortar designed by B.I. Shavyrin and accepted into service in 1937. The design of the M-37 is based on the earlier French Brandt mle 27/31 mortar with Russian modifications. The main difference between the 82-PM-37 and the earlier 82-PM-36 was the adoption of a round base plate, revised traverse/elevation controls, simplified sights and spring-loaded shock absorbers on the bi-pod to reduce the amount of relaying needed between shots. It was designed to be able to fire western 81 mm captured ammunition whilst not permitting the enemy the same advantage The German designation for captured M-37 mortars was 8.2 cm GrW 274/2(r).
The M-37M is an improved version with a lighter base plate and a device to prevent double loading.
It was produced in China by Norinco as the Type 53, in Egypt by the Helwan Machine Tools Company as the Model 69 and in Bulgaria by Arsenal as the M-82 Mod 1937.

## Operators

* Albania
* Algeria
* Afghanistan: over 1,000 in service.
* Bangladesh: Type 53
* Bulgaria
* Central African Republic
* China: Type 53
* Czech Republic
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Egypt: Helwan M 69 82 mm mortar
* East Germany
* Ethiopia
* Ghana
* Guinea
* Grenada
* Hungary: 50 in service.
* Indonesia use by Indonesian Marine Corps in 1960s
* Iraq
* Ivory Coast
* Kazakhstan
* North Korea
* People's Republic of Kampuchea
* Libya
* Madagascar
* Malta: Armed Forces of Malta
* Morocco
* Pakistan
* Poland
* Nicaragua
* Romania
* Russia
* Soviet Union
* Slovakia
* Sri Lanka
* Sudan
* Syria 200 in service.
* Tanzania: Type 53
* Togo
* Uganda: Type 53
* Ukraine
** Donetsk People's Republic
* United States: a few BM-37s used during the battle of Khe Sanh
* Vietnam: BM-37 and Type 53
# Katie Schofield

Katie Schofield (born 25 March 1984) is a New Zealand professional racing cyclist. She rode the 500 m time trial and team sprint at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.

## Major results
### 2014

    Oceania Track Championships
       1st 500m Time Trial
       2nd Team Sprint (with Stephanie McKenzie)
    3rd Sprint, BikeNZ Classic
    3rd Sprint, BikeNZ Cup

### 2015

    Oceania Track Championships
       2nd Team Sprint (with Natasha Hansen)
       3rd 500m Time Trial
    3rd Scratch Race, Champions of Sprint
# Korea National Railway

Korea National Railway is a railroad construction and management company in South Korea formed by the merger of KNR Construction Headquarters and Korean Express Railroad Construction Corporation. Its main clients are Korail. It is a subsidiary of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport.
Korea National Railway was established as the Korean National Railroad Administration by the Korea National Railway Act.

## History

During the early 2000s, the South Korean government decided to split the national railroad into separate companies for operation and construction. Consequently, the Korean National Railroad was broken up into Korail (established in January 2004) and Korea Rail Network Authority (established in January 2005 and renamed to Korea National Railway in September 2020), the former managing train operations while the latter maintains the railway infrastructure. Amongst other benefits, this change was promoted as permitting open access across the Korean railway system; Korail functioned as the incumbent operator.
It is responsible for the management of all railway infrastructure in South Korea, which includes the development of railway stations; these activities are governed and set by various railway policies, budget allocations, and safety standards. Perhaps its most high profile undertaking of the organisation is the oversight of all railway-related construction projects. Korea National Railway works closely with train operators such as Korail. By 2018, the organisation reportedly had an annual budget of $8 billion, managed asset worth a combined $100 billion, and had 2,194 employees working for it.
Further reform of the railways and efforts to support the presence of private rail companies on Korea's railway network occurred during the 2010s. In 2012, the then-Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs called for bids to operate high-speed trains for 15 years on the Seoul–Busan and Seoul–Mokpo lines with the goal was to end the state-owned Korail's monopoly and create competition for the state-run KTX trains, hoping to increase the quality of service and decrease fares. SR Corporation, founded in 2014, won the concession to operate the trains; though Korail owns 41 percent of its shares, a teachers' pension fund and two Korean banks own a combined 59 percent of shares, with SR thus operating independently from the government and Korail. In December 2016, SR Corporation officially launched SRT (Super Rapid Train) services, initially running between Suseo–Busan on a newly-opened high speed line. Being an open-access operator, it has been charged larger fees for track access by Korea National Railway than those imposed on Korail's KTX services, paying 50 percent of its sales revenue against the KTX's 34 percent. SR Corporation has claimed that its presence has increased competition, driving down ticket prices and raising service quality overall, while also contributing to the repayments of the accumulated debts from the construction of Korea’s high-speed network.
# Konrāds Ubāns

Konrāds Ubāns (December 31, 1893 – August 30, 1981) was a Latvian painter from Riga. He studied at the Riga Art School and was one of the founding members of the Riga Artists' Group before becoming a professor at the Art Academy of Latvia.

## Biography

Konrāds Ubāns was born on December 31, 1893, in Riga. His father was a railway worker. From 1902 until 1910, he studied in a commercial school. Later he studied in the Odessa art school for a half year. In 1911, he started studies in Riga Art school where he studied until 1914, when World War I started. Ubāns together with his family went to Russia, where for a short while he studied in Penza Art School. In 1916, he was drafted into the Imperial Russian Army and served until 1918, when he was demobilized and returned to Latvia.
Ubāns was part of the "Green Flower" association of avant-garde artists, notably with Aleksandrs Drēviņš (lv), Valdemārs Tone (lv) and Kārlis Johansons (lv).
In 1920, his first solo exhibition was held in Riga. In the same year, he started his work in Latvian National Museum of Art as an assistant of museum director Burkarts Dzenis. In 1922, he took a study trip to Germany and France. The next year, his second solo exhibition was held. In 1925, he was addressed by Vilhelms Purvītis and took a job in Art Academy of Latvia as a teacher of painting. In 1946, he was promoted to professor and worked in this post for the rest of his life. In 1959, he was declared as People's Artist of Latvian SSR. In 1980, his last exhibition was held in Riga. Konrāds Ubāns died on August 30, 1981, in Riga. He is buried in the Forest Cemetery.

## Art

Konrāds Ubāns is noted mostly for his landscape paintings and the poetic and intimate atmosphere within them. They are rich, harmonious works celebrating the wonder of nature. He mostly painted landscapes of Riga outskirts in Pārdaugava and Daugava river valley especially around Koknese. However, he also has painted many portraits and still lifes. Also, he has worked in graphic art and sculpture. Real maturity in his work can be seen as early as his paintings from the 1920s, when he richly uses motifs and atmosphere of impressionism.
# Pottersburg, Ohio

Pottersburg (originally known as Pottersburgh) is an unincorporated community in Allen Township, Union County, Ohio, United States. It is located along U.S. Route 33 between Marysville and Bellefontaine, about four miles (6.4 km) west of Marysville.

## History

Pottersburg was laid out along the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad in 1868. That same year, a sawmill was built. The Pottersburg Post Office was originally established as the Pottersburgh Post Office on June 29, 1869. In 1872, the railway company built a railroad depot and a telegraph office. As of 1877, the community contained two stores, one warehouse, one telegraph office, and the district school-house. The post office name was changed to Pottersburg Post Office on June 1, 1894, and later discontinued on October 30, 1926. The mail service is delivered through the Marysville branch.