OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# URI Purposely Built Vehicles

URI Purposely Built Vehicles, officially URI Purposely Built Vehicles PTY LTD, is a South African automotive company who manufactures the Uri off-road vehicle. The company makes two models - URI Desert Runner and URI Mining Vehicle. The first is a simple, reliable and passable jeep in civil, military and police modifications (the army and the police make the company almost the entire turnover).

## History

Originally the Uri was designed and built by Ewert Smith, a local Angora goat farmer based in Windhoek, Namibia designed the Uri all-terrain truck in 1995. Smith named the vehicle Uri, a Khoisan Nama word for "jump", and small scale production began in Witvlei, Namibia in 2001. Tested in the Kalahari Desert, the African agro-, police, military and mining industries (De Beers/Anglo American Diamond Mines) ordered many of these trucks.
The original manufacturing company was called Uri - Automobiles, production was then taken over by Uri International Vehicle & Equipment Marketing (Pty.) Ltd. (UVM) located in Waltloo, a north east suburb of Pretoria, South Africa. Since 2008, UVM was as a subsidiary of the South African defense contractor Ivema (Pty.) Ltd. As of 2015, the vehicle is produced by Uri Purposely Built Vehicle (PTY) LTD of Rustenburg, also in South Africa whose cofounders, Andre Squire and Raymond Squire, purchased over all intellectual property in 2015.
The vehicle was originally used in rally, but the designer found out that there could be a market in agriculture, police, military, and the mining industry.

## Variants

The Uri is broadly divided into two broad ranges Road and Mining in both 4×4 and 4×2 versions.

### Uri Desert Runner

Specifications
The vehicle is built of mechanical components from Toyota.
* Motor options are Toyota 2 liter or 3 liter five-cylinder turbodiesel or 2.2 or 2.4 liter four-cylinder petrol engine.
* Gearbox is five-step manual.
* Length: 4450 mm
* Width: 1680 mm
* Height: 1855 mm
* Weight: 1425 kg

## URI Mining Vehicle

The URI Mining Vehicle is designed to operate in underground mines. The Uri Mining Vehicle is available in two different low-profile cab heights, a 1.4 meter high cab and URI 1.8 meter high cab.
# Ly Underdown

Lycurgus John Rickard Underdown (28 August 1904 - 4 November 1984), generally known as "Uncle" Ly Underdown, was a prominent hotelier and businessman in Alice Springs, in the Northern Territory, Australia.

## Life in the Northern Territory

Underdown was born at Oodnadatta where his family operated cattle stations. As a young man his father advised him that there was "no future in the cattle industry" and advised him to look for something else. Because of this advice, in around 1924, Underdown opened a store between in Oodnadatta where, with the extension of the railway line, he became one of the main suppliers to the railway gangs.
This was short-lived, in 1927 he moved to Alice Springs with his family, this was after a long period of drought forced them from the station. In Alice Springs Underdown established a new grocery store in 1929. The Alice Springs township, at this point, experiencing a period of growth with the arrival of the railway line and, alongside his parents Underdown developed the store site into a hotel.
The hotel, the Alice Springs Hotel, also served as the second pub (the original being the Stuart Arms Hotel) and it was completed in 1933. Underdowns father would also establish the Capitol Theatre on Gregory Terrace (opposite the hotel) which was an open-air picture theater. The population of Alice Springs expanded significantly during World War II and Ly and his mother Daisy decided that, with all the word of mouth and publicity from the soldiers there would be a tourist boom in the town. Together they decided to expand the then small hotel into a much larger two-storey hotel (the building of that height in the town) that would have 55 rooms and 36 bathrooms. This was a very modern building for its time and was known for never ending additions including its roof-top cricket pitch which Underdown, a keen sportsman, had insisted on. This cricket pitch was opened in 1958 by Jock Nelson.
In 1979 Underdown sold the hotel and it was renamed the Telford Alice Hotel. It would burn down on 3 November 1984; Underdown died the following day knowing nothing of the fire.

## Legacy

Underdown donated significant collections of materials to Library & Archives NT which are held in Alice Springs. These include business records relating to Hotel Alice Springs (NTRS 2196), a typecript of his memoris (NTRS 355) and various photograph collections.
Underdown Street, in Gillen, is named for the family.
# 1870 Mayo by-election

The 1870 Mayo by-election was fought on 12 May 1870. The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent Liberal MP George Henry Moore. It was won by the unopposed Liberal candidate George Ekins Browne.
# 1870 Queen's County by-election

The 1870 Queen's County by-election was fought on 4 January 1870. The by-election was fought due to the elevation to the peerage of the incumbent Liberal MP John Wilson FitzPatrick. It was won by the unopposed Liberal candidate Edmund Dease.
# 1871 Newry by-election

The 1871 Newry by-election was fought on 23 January 1871. The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent Liberal MP William Kirk. It was won by the unopposed Conservative candidate Viscount Newry and Morne. The Liberal Party narrowly won the seat at the 1874 general election.
# 1871 Westmeath by-election

The 1871 Westmeath by-election was fought on 17 June 1871. The by-election was fought due to the Death of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, William Pollard-Urquhart. It was won by the Home Rule candidate Patrick James Smyth, who was unopposed. The gain was retained at the 1874 general election.
# 1872 Cork City by-election

The 1872 Cork City by-election was fought on 6 December 1872. The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, John Francis Maguire. It was won by the Home Rule candidate Joseph Philip Ronayne.
# 1872 Mallow by-election

The 1872 Mallow by-election was fought on 7 June 1872. The by-election was fought due to the resignation of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, George Waters, as he became Chairman of the Quarter Sessions of the County of Waterford. It was won by the Liberal candidate William Felix Munster.
# Central District (Hamidiyeh County)

The Central District of Hamidiyeh County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان حمیدیه) is in Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Hamidiyeh.

## History

After the 2011 National Census, Hamidiyeh District was separated from Ahvaz County in the establishment of Hamidiyeh County, which was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with Hamidiyeh as its capital and only city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2016 census, the district's population was 39,897 inhabitants in 10,152 households.

### Administrative divisions

Central District (Hamidiyeh County) Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2016 |
| Dehkadeh RD | 8,496 |
| Karkheh RD | 9,344 |
| Hamidiyeh (city) | 22,057 |
| Total | 39,897 |
| RD = Rural District ||
# Stephen Emerson (author)

Stephen Emerson (born 1950 in Sylva, North Carolina), is an American writer of fiction and other prose.

## Life and work

Emerson wrote his early stories while at Duke University, where he met Robert Creeley, worked with novelist Reynolds Price, and wrote a directed thesis on Samuel Beckett. He then moved west and worked with novelists Wright Morris and Kay Boyle at San Francisco State University.
During the 1970s Emerson met several more of the writers he admired, forming influential friendships with Fielding Dawson and Edward Dorn, as well as Tom Raworth, Bill Berkson, Lucia Berlin, and Ted Pearson. A portion of his early novel The Wife appeared in New Directions in Prose and Poetry No. 37 (1978). His critical writings on Gilbert Sorrentino and Paul Bowles appeared in The Review of Contemporary Fiction. Additional work has appeared in Credences, Periodics, Zyzzyva, Rolling Stock, Hambone, and other small magazines.
Before returning to San Francisco in 1978, he lived in Bolinas, California, Anchorage, Alaska, and Key West, Florida. During the 1970s he worked as an automobile mechanic and an editor. Later, he was a freelancer in the advertising business. Emerson resides in Oakland, California.

## Selected publications

* Moon the Shirt and Pants Monopoly Man, (with Fielding Dawson), 1976, Shortstop Press (New York)
* The Lee Morgan Memorial Album, 1977, 100 Posters (New York)
* Semi-Tropical Hoopla, 1981, Vortex Editions (San Francisco)
* Neighbors] (stories), 1982, Tombouctou Books (Bolinas, CA)
* The Wife (novel), 1985, Long River Books (East Haven, CT)
* A Manual for Cleaning Women: Selected Stories of Lucia Berlin, (Editor, Introduction), 2015, Farrar, Straus & Giroux
Emerson holds a BA (French literature) from Duke and an MA (Creative Writing) from San Francisco State University
# 1878 New Ross by-election

The 1878 New Ross by-election was fought on 17 December 1878. The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent Home Rule MP, John Dunbar. It was won by the Conservative candidate Charles George Tottenham.
# Niğde Alaaddin Mosque

Niğde Alaaddin Mosque is a historical mosque in Niğde, Turkey.
The mosque is in the historical castle of Niğde at 37°57′59″N 34°40′44″E﻿ / ﻿37.96639°N 34.67889°E﻿ / 37.96639; 34.67889. The mosque was constructed in 1223 during the reign of Keyqubad I (r.1220–1237) of Sultanate of Rum (precursor of the Ottoman Empire). It was commissioned by Ziynettin Beşare, the local governor of Niğde in behalf of the sultan. The chief architect of the mosque was Sıddık, the son of Mahmut. His brother Gazi was his assistant.
The building material is cut stone. There are two portals: the one in the east side is monumental. The second gate is in the north side. There are three domes in the southern part of the mosque. The minaret is located in the northeastern corner of the square building.
According to local legend, the shape of the muqarnas-carved eastern portal casts a shadow that resembles the silhouette of a crowned girl, ostensibly the founder's daughter with whom the stonemason who built the mosque fell in love.
# George E. Waldo

George Ernest Waldo (January 11, 1851 – June 16, 1942) was a U.S. Representative from New York.
Born in Brooklyn, New York, Waldo attended the public schools of Scotland, Connecticut, and Brooklyn, New York, Doctor Fitch's Academy, South Windham, Connecticut, Natchaug High School, Willimantic, Connecticut, and studied two years in Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, class of 1872. He studied law in New York City.
He was admitted to the bar in Poughkeepsie, New York, in 1876 and practiced in New York City 1876–1883 and in Ulysses, Nebraska from 1883 to 1889. Village attorney of Ulysses, Nebraska, for several years. For four years a member of the board of trustees and school director of Ulysses High School.
He returned to New York City in 1889. He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Kings Co., 18th D.) in 1896. He served as commissioner of records of Kings County, New York from 1899 to 1904. He served as delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1900.
Waldo was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1905 – March 3, 1909). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1908. He resumed the practice of law in New York City. He moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1913, to Pasadena, California, in 1918, and continued the practice of his profession. He died in Pasadena, California on June 16, 1942. He remains were cremated and the ashes deposited in the New Cemetery, Scotland, Connecticut.

## Legacy and honors

* The World War II Liberty Ship SS George E. Waldo was named in his honor.
# Myrick House

Myrick House is a historic home located in the Murfreesboro Historic District at Murfreesboro, Hertford County, North Carolina. It was built about 1805, and is a two-story, five-bay, Federal-style brick dwelling with a low hip roof and interior end chimneys. The front facade features a one-story hip roofed front porch supported by four fluted columns. It has a one-story, frame rear wing. It was built by James Morgan, a prominent local merchant.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
# Venus Alley, Butte

Venus Alley (also known as Whore, Peasant and Piss Alley) was a famous red-light district once located in Butte, Montana in the United States. It flourished from the late 19th century through the early 20th century and was one of the last openly tolerated urban prostitution districts in the American West, along with the one in Reno, Nevada. It was closed in the 1970s.

## History

Venus Alley rose in the 1880s during the heyday of Butte as a wide-open copper-mining town, full of hundreds of saloons and gambling halls. The block-long district was located in the center of town off Wyoming Street. The name "Venus Alley" came from the rear entrance of the famous Dumas Brothel, one of the longest running houses of prostitution in the U.S. The brick-lined alley was lined with "cribs", overhung with a single white light bulb over each entrance. Although made illegal in 1890 by the city fathers, the establishments continued to operate by bribery of the city police.
The north side of the alley was lined with the famous "double-deckers", where the alley-level cribs were surmounted by a wooden planks and a second row of cribs. The women who worked the cribs typically wore brightly colored and short-skirted dresses, and would stand in the windows to attract customers. The cribs were equipped with call boxes for ordering drinks or food from nearby bars and noodle parlors.
In 1903, prostitution was regulated in Butte. The women were ordered to wear longer dresses with high necklines, and blinds had to be installed in the windows. The prostitutes banded together and protested. Street solicitation was banned, so doorways were opened up into the cribs and passageways between then built, creating a labyrinth off of the street where the women continued to solicit.
The area expanded in around 1916 when the price of copper rose to a new high, but was closed down the following year by Federal law designed to protect WW1 soldiers from venereal disease. However prostitution continued underground.
The area reopened in the 1930s, and a screening fence erected at the end of the alley to keep the activities hidden from the public view. In 1943 prostitution was prohibited in Butte, the cribs closed down although the more discreet brothels continued to operate.

## Decline

After WW2 the cribs reopened, but were demolished in 1954, following the city's designation as a National Historic Landmark the year before. The Windsor Hotel, a brothel, was closed by arson in 1968. Its madam, Beverly Snodgrass, went to Washington to complain to her senator about the loss of her income. She claimed she had been paying the Butte police $700 a month for protection. Senator Mike Mansfield decided this was a local matter not a federal one. Following an eight part series on vice in the Great Falls Tribune, the remaining three brothels in Butte closed. The Dumas Brothel soon reopened and continued to operate until 1982. Its closure coincided with the closure of the last copper mine in the area.
The structure of the Dumas Brothel, as well as the brick-lined alley, still stands in uptown Butte and has become a tourist attraction.
# 1872 Oldham by-election

A by-election was held in Oldham on 5 June 1872. The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, John Platt. It was won by the Conservative candidate John Morgan Cobbett.
# 1873 East Staffordshire by-election

The 1873 East Staffordshire by-election was fought on 6 August 1873. The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, John Robinson McClean. It was won by the Conservative candidate Samuel Allsopp, who defeated the Liberal candidate, John Jaffray, by 3.630 votes to 2,893.
# Jinjue Mosque

The Jinjue Mosque (simplified Chinese: 净觉寺; traditional Chinese: 淨覺寺; pinyin: Jìngjué Sì) is a mosque in Qinhuai District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China.

## History

The mosque was constructed under the order of Hongwu Emperor of Ming Dynasty in 1388. The construction of the mosque was completed in 1392. During the Xuande Emperor rule, Zheng He appealed for the mosque to undergo renovation and the first significant repairs took place in 1430 after it was destroyed by fire shortly before. Further expansion and repairs were commissioned by the Jiajing Emperor in the mid-sixteenth century. Other repairs occurred in 1492, 1877, 1879, 1957, 1982, 1984, and 2002. By the late 19th century, the mosque was reduced from being originally 264 acres to a mere 1650 square meters in consequence of the Taiping Rebellion and to reduce the taxes owed by the mosque. The current structure was constructed in the late Qing Dynasty and its area has been reduced to 0.4 hectares. In 2007, the mosque underwent reparation and renovation with the support of Nanjing municipal government. In 2014, the government added the adjacent primary school into the mosque area, thus doubling its area.

## Architecture

Jinjue Mosque is elaborately styled in a Sino-Islamic fashion. The three-entry gate has an imitation imperial tablet in the top center that reads "bestowed by imperial order" and below that it reads "Jingjuesi" (the name of the mosque). The mosque has several courtyards, a reception room, an ablutions chamber, an antechamber, guest quarters, a prayer hall, a kitchen, and a mihrab located at the western end of the mosque.

## Transportation

The mosque is accessible within walking distance north east of Sanshanjie Station of Nanjing Metro.
# A. J. Clements

Andrew Jackson Clements (December 23, 1832 – November 7, 1913) was a surgeon and an American politician as a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 4th congressional district of Tennessee.

## Biography

Clements was born in Clementsville, Tennessee, in Clay County, son of Christopher Clements and Polly Fraim and grandson of John Clemans (Revolutionary War Veteran) and Eilzabeth Eagle. He attended a private school and Burritt College at Spencer, Tennessee, studied medicine, and commenced practice in Lafayette, Tennessee. His first wife, Nancy Jones Clements died in 1858 and he later married Matilda Harlan by whom he had four children: Mollie, Carlos, Carolyn, and Fred.

## Career

During the Civil War, Clements was a surgeon with the First Regiment, Tennessee Mounted Volunteer Infantry (Union).
Elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress, Clements served from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. He was a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives in 1866 and 1867. He resumed the practice of his profession and established a school on his estate for the people of that section of the Cumberland highlands.

## Death

Clements died of pneumonia, in Central State Hospital (a mental hospital where he was confined due to senility), Lakeland, Jefferson County, Kentucky, on November 7, 1913 (age 80 years, 319 days). He is interred at Glasgow Municipal Cemetery, Glasgow, Kentucky.
# 1873 Liverpool by-election

The 1873 Liverpool by-election was held on 7 February 1873 after the death of the incumbent Conservative MP, Samuel Robert Graves. It was retained by the Conservative candidate John Torr.
Liverpool by-election, 1873 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | John Torr | 18,702 | 52.7 | +0.6 |
| | Liberal | William Sproston Caine | 16,790 | 47.3 | −0.6 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,912 | 5.4 | +4.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 35,492 | 67.1 | −12.8 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 52,912 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | +0.6 | |
# Inna Osypenko-Radomska

Inna Volodymyrivna Osypenko-Radomska (Ukrainian: Інна Володимирівна Осипенко-Радомська, born 20 September 1982) is a Ukrainian-Azerbaijani sprint kayaker. Competing for Ukraine, she won four Olympic medals, including gold at the 2008 Olympics in K-1 500 m. She switched to Azerbaijan in 2014 and won a bronze medal at the 2016 Olympics.

## Career

Osypenko-Radomska competed for Ukraine until 2014. She won a bronze medal in the K-4 1000 m at the 2001 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships and silver in the same event at the 2003 World Championships. At the 2004 Summer Olympics, she took bronze in the K-4 500 metres.
Osypenko-Radomska was the K-1 500 m champion at the 2008 Summer Olympics. At the 2010 World Championships, she won gold in K-1 500 m and silver in K-1 200 m. She was awarded two bronze medals – in the K-1 200 m and K-1 500 m – at the 2011 World Championships. The following year, she won silver medals in the K-1 500 m and K-1 200 m at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.
Osypenko-Radomska began competing for Azerbaijan in 2014. She won a bronze medal in K-1 200 m at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.
On 29 August 2018, she was disqualified for four years after refusing an out-of-competition doping test in May 2018.
Nowadays Inna is coach in slovakian club Dunajčík Bratislava with the Ukrainian community.
# Irvin Gernon

Frederick Anthony John Gernon (born 30 December 1962), commonly known as Irvin Gernon, is an English former football defender who played in the Football League for Ipswich Town, Gillingham, Reading and Northampton Town. He represented England at schoolboy, youth and under-21 levels.
# Short-track speed skating at the 2011 Asian Winter Games – Men's 1000 metres

The men's 1000 metres at the 2011 Asian Winter Games was held on February 2, 2011, in Astana, Kazakhstan.

## Schedule

All times are Almaty Time (UTC+06:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Wednesday, 2 February 2011 | 14:16 | Heats |
| Wednesday, 2 February 2011 | 14:40 | Semifinals |
| Wednesday, 2 February 2011 | 14:56 | Finals |

## Results
### Legend

* PEN — Penalty

### Heats
#### Heat 1

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Han Jialiang (CHN) | 1:31.731 | Q |
| 2 | Artur Sultangaliyev (KAZ) | 1:33.467 | Q |
| 3 | Yang Shun-fan (TPE) | 1:33.825 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Song Weilong (CHN) | 1:27.741 | Q |
| 2 | Yuzo Takamido (JPN) | 1:27.756 | Q |
| 3 | Um Cheon-ho (KOR) | 1:27.870 | |

#### Heat 3

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Daisuke Uemura (JPN) | 1:30.112 | Q |
| 2 | Nurbergen Zhumagaziyev (KAZ) | 1:31.638 | Q |
| 3 | Wang Yang-chun (TPE) | 1:32.871 | |
| 4 | Lucas Ng (SIN) | 1:40.220 | |

#### Heat 4

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Sung Si-bak (KOR) | 1:38.890 | Q |
| 2 | Barton Lui (HKG) | 1:39.964 | Q |
| 3 | Ganbatyn Mönkh-Amidral (MGL) | 1:41.121 | |

### Semifinals
#### Heat 1

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Han Jialiang (CHN) | 1:30.838 | QA |
| 2 | Daisuke Uemura (JPN) | 1:31.143 | QA |
| 3 | Nurbergen Zhumagaziyev (KAZ) | 1:31.563 | QB |
| 4 | Barton Lui (HKG) | 1:31.992 | QB |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Sung Si-bak (KOR) | 1:27.368 | QA |
| 2 | Song Weilong (CHN) | 1:27.544 | QA |
| 3 | Yuzo Takamido (JPN) | 1:27.811 | QB |
| 4 | Artur Sultangaliyev (KAZ) | 1:31.223 | QB |

### Finals
#### Final B

| Rank | Athlete | Time |
| 1 | Yuzo Takamido (JPN) | 1:36.834 |
| 2 | Artur Sultangaliyev (KAZ) | 1:37.270 |
| 3 | Barton Lui (HKG) | 1:37.448 |
| 4 | Nurbergen Zhumagaziyev (KAZ) | 1:38.033 |

#### Final A

| Rank | Athlete | Time |
| | Song Weilong (CHN) | 1:29.353 |
| | Daisuke Uemura (JPN) | 2:00.916 |
| | Sung Si-bak (KOR) | 2:41.236 |
| — | Han Jialiang (CHN) | PEN |