# Ngawi Regency

Ngawi Regency (Javanese: ꦏꦧꦸꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀ꦔꦮꦶ) is an inland regency (kabupaten) of Indonesia, on the island of Java. Ngawi is well known around the world for its Pithecanthropus erectus which was found by Eugene Dubois, a Dutchman. Ngawi is located in East Java Province but adjoins Central Java province. Its capital is Ngawi. Ngawi is also the main gate to enter East Java province since there are intersections that connect Surabaya–Bojonegoro–Ngawi–Solo–Jogja–Bandung–Jakarta. The Regency covers an area of 1,394.74 km$^2$ (538.51 sq mi), and had a population of 817,765 at the 2010 census and 870,057 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 904,094 (comprising 449,052 males and 455,042 females).
Ngawi (town), has the largest central park ("alun-alun") in Indonesia. This large area includes a West Park and an East Park, separated by Merdeka Street. The West Park consists of a football court, a volleyball court, and a ceremonial podium near the main mosque. The East Park consists of a playground area, two tennis courts, a basketball hall, a parking area, a futsal court, a skating place, and a culinary area said to be "the most favorite place visited by Ngawinese". The municipal hall (called Alun-Alun Merdeka) is located in the central part of Ngawi town.
Van Den Bosch Fortress is a central historic site of the Ngawi Regency. It is located at the confluence of the two biggest rivers in East Java: the Solo River and the Madiun River.

## Climate

Ngawi has a monsoon tropical climate (Köppen climate classification Am), dry at mid-year, with heavy rain the rest of the year.

## Administrative districts

Ngawi Regency is divided into nineteen districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their population totals from the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with the official estimates as of mid-2023. The table also includes the locations of the district headquarters, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 213 rural desa and 4 urban kelurahan - the latter all in Ngawi (town) District), and its postcode.
| Kode Wilayah | Name of District (kecamatan) | Area in km$^2$ | Pop'n census 2010 | Pop'n census 2020 | Pop'n estimate mid 2023 | Admin centre | No. of villages | Post code |
| 35.21.01 | Sine | 81.43 | 41,096 | 44,681 | 46,793 | Sine | 15 | 63264 |
| 35.21.02 | Ngrambe | 67.59 | 38,750 | 42,267 | 44,415 | Ngrambe | 14 | 63263 |
| 35.21.03 | Jogorogo | 71.04 | 38,782 | 42,307 | 44,778 | Jogorogo | 12 | 63262 |
| 35.21.04 | Kendal | 86.98 | 44,242 | 50,055 | 53,159 | Kendal | 10 | 63261 |
| 35.21.05 | Geneng | 54.21 | 48,975 | 51,405 | 52,799 | Geneng | 13 | 63271 |
| 35.21.18 | Gerih | 33.81 | 32,118 | 36,114 | 38,155 | Gerih | 5 | 63270 |
| 35.21.06 | Kwadungan | 32.63 | 25,392 | 26,590 | 27,206 | Kwadungan | 14 | 63283 |
| 35.21.14 | Pangkur | 29.93 | 26,455 | 27,489 | 28,260 | Pangkur | 9 | 63282 |
| 35.21.07 | Karangjati | 70.79 | 46,927 | 47,427 | 48,455 | Karangjati | 17 | 63284 |
| 35.21.15 | Bringin | 67.72 | 30,554 | 30,917 | 32,122 | Bringin | 10 | 63285 |
| 35.21.08 | Padas | 42.29 | 32,231 | 34,136 | 35,122 | Padas | 12 | 63280 |
| 35.21.19 | Kasreman | 46.77 | 23,407 | 24,469 | 25,350 | Kasreman | 8 | 63281 |
| 35.21.09 | Ngawi | 70.57 | 79,951 | 83,445 | 85,776 | Karang Asri | 16 | 63211 - 63218 |
| 35.21.10 | Paron | 106.05 | 86,014 | 91,739 | 95,511 | Gelung | 14 | 63253 |
| 35.21.11 | Kedunggalar | 104.40 | 66,336 | 71,160 | 73,520 | Kedunggalar | 12 | 63254 |
| 35.21.16 | Pitu | 89.80 | 27,072 | 29,469 | 31,089 | Pitu | 10 | 63252 |
| 35.21.12 | Widodaren | 112.38 | 66,102 | 70,624 | 73,403 | Walikukun | 12 | 63256 |
| 35.21.13 | Mantingan | 68.70 | 37,885 | 38,142 | 38,023 | Mantingan | 7 | 63260 |
| 35.21.17 | Karanganyar | 157.64 | 25,476 | 27,621 | 30,158 | Karanganyar | 71 | 63257 |
| | Totals | 1,294.74 | 817,765 | 870,057 | 904,094 | Ngawi | 217 | |

## Trinil Site
### Trinil Museum

Trinil Museum is about 15 kilometres from Ngawi and near to the Bengawan Solo River. The museum contains a collection of about 1,500 fossils, some of which are a million years old. As of 2013 up to 500 fossils had yet to be identified. In the late 19th century Eugene Dubois found Pithecantropus eretus in the Trinil area.

### Oldest human-made mark in the world

Researchers found in the Trinil site that the scratch at Pseudodon vondembuschianus trinilensis plain water clam shell aged 500,000 years is the oldest in the world. Although the scratch is perhaps not art, its zig-zag shape is evidence that the scratch is human-made. The clamshell has been found in 1896, but the zig-zag scratch was found in 2014.