# Ungaran

Ungaran (Dutch: Oengaran) is a town and adjacent areas in Central Java Province of Indonesia. The town serves as the administrative centre of the Semarang Regency in that province. Ungaran is located at -7° 8' 17", 110° 24' 18" at an elevation of 319 metres. It encompasses two districts (kecamatan) within the Regency - Ungaran Barat (West Ungaran) covering 35.96 km$^2$ with a population of 83,128 in 2023, and Ungaran Timur (East Ungaran) covering 37.99 km$^2$ with a population of 79,788 in 2023.
In the 19th century, defensive posts were established between Semarang and Surakarta to control the trade route between the two cities. A fort known as Fort Ontmoeting was established in Ungaran.

## Villages

Ungaran is sub-divided into 21 villages, of which 11 are in West Ungaran and 10 are in East Ungaran.
| Name of Village | District | Status $^{(a)}$ as Rural (desa) or Urban (kelurahan) | Area in km$^2$ | Pop'n census 2020 $^{(a)}$ | Pop'n estimate 2023 $^{(b)}$ | Region code (Kode Wilayah) | Post code (Kode POS) |
| Branjang | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Rural | 4.33 | 3,321 | 3,460 | 33.22.18.2001 | 50519 |
| Kalisidi | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Rural | 7.96 | 6,538 | 6,771 | 33.22.18.2002 | 50519 |
| Keji | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Rural | 1.83 | 2,551 | 2,778 | 33.22.18.2003 | 50519 |
| Lerep | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Rural | 6.82 | 12,255 | 12,450 | 33.22.18.2004 | 50519 |
| Nyatnyono | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Rural | 4.25 | 8,653 | 9,008 | 33.22.18.2005 | 50551 |
| Candirejo | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Urban | 2.12 | 5,243 | 5,246 | 33.22.18.1006 | 50513 |
| Genuk | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Urban | 1.58 | 8,267 | 7,962 | 33.22.18.1007 | 50512 |
| Ungaran (town) | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Urban | 1.66 | 10,937 | 11,446 | 33.22.18.1008 | 50511 |
| Bandarjo | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Urban | 2.25 | 9,833 | 10,064 | 33.22.18.1009 | 50517 |
| Langensari | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Urban | 1.67 | 9,585 | 9,868 | 33.22.18.1010 | 50518 |
| Gogik | West Ungaran (Ungaran Barat) | Rural | 1.49 | 3,891 | 4,075 | 33.22.18.2011 | 50551 |
| Sidomulyo | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Urban | 1.17 | 4,352 | 4,478 | 33.22.19.1001 | 50514 |
| Kalirejo | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Urban | 3.04 | 4,423 | 4,563 | 33.22.19.1002 | 50515 |
| Susukan | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Urban | 3.04 | 9,662 | 9,741 | 33.22.19.1003 | 50516 |
| Mluweh | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Rural | 4.25 | 4,247 | 4,542 | 33.22.19.2004 | 50519 |
| Kawengen | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Rural | 7.48 | 7,048 | 7,651 | 33.22.19.2005 | 50519 |
| Kalikayen | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Rural | 3.23 | 3,785 | 4,019 | 33.22.19.2006 | 50519 |
| Gedanganak | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Urban | 2.90 | 14,263 | 13,506 | 33.22.19.1007 | 50519 |
| Beji | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Urban | 2.17 | 8,558 | 8,576 | 33.22.19.1008 | 50519 |
| Leyangan | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Rural | 2.03 | 9,144 | 8,673 | 33.22.19.2009 | 50519 |
| Kalongan | East Ungaran (Ungaran Timur) | Rural | 8.68 | 14,285 | 14,039 | 33.22.19.2010 | 50519 |
Note: (a) Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. (b) Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2024.

## Ungaran Volcano

The Ungaran Volcano (Gunung Ungaran in Indonesian) is a deeply eroded stratovolcano, located south of the northern coastal city of Semarang and west of Ungaran town, at map reference 7.18 degrees South and 110.33 degrees East. It has a height of 2,050 m (6,726 ft). It lies at the northern end of a transverse chain of Java volcanoes extending north-north-west from Mount Merapi. It was formed in three stages, with growth of the youngest edifice taking place during the late Pleistocene and Holocene eras. This youngest edifice was constructed south of three large remnant structural blocks of the second Ungaran volcano. A group of pyroclastic cones was also constructed along the margins of the older edifice. The volcano is deeply eroded and no historical eruptions have been reported, but two active fumarole fields are located on its flanks.

## Climate

Ungaran has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with moderate rainfall from June to September and heavy to very heavy rainfall from November to May.
Climate data for Ungaran :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.4 (83.1) | 28.4 (83.1) | 28.9 (84.0) | 29.7 (85.5) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.1 (86.2) | 30.4 (86.7) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.5 (88.7) | 30.3 (86.5) | 29.0 (84.2) | 30.0 (85.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 24.3 (75.7) | 24.3 (75.7) | 24.6 (76.3) | 25.1 (77.2) | 25.4 (77.7) | 24.9 (76.8) | 24.7 (76.5) | 25.0 (77.0) | 25.6 (78.1) | 26.0 (78.8) | 25.5 (77.9) | 24.6 (76.3) | 25.0 (77.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.3 (68.5) | 20.3 (68.5) | 20.4 (68.7) | 20.6 (69.1) | 20.8 (69.4) | 19.7 (67.5) | 19.0 (66.2) | 19.0 (66.2) | 19.7 (67.5) | 20.5 (68.9) | 20.7 (69.3) | 20.2 (68.4) | 20.1 (68.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 409 (16.1) | 348 (13.7) | 363 (14.3) | 279 (11.0) | 208 (8.2) | 101 (4.0) | 88 (3.5) | 66 (2.6) | 77 (3.0) | 163 (6.4) | 254 (10.0) | 341 (13.4) | 2,697 (106.2) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org ||||||||||||||