OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Verizon South

Verizon South, Inc. is a Verizon operating company providing local telephone services to portions of Virginia and North Carolina in the United States.

## History

Verizon South was originally established in 1947 as The Bluefield Telephone Corporation, providing telephone service to communities in Virginia including its namesake Bluefield. The company's first president was R.A. Phillips and was formally incorporated by Judson Large, Dean A. Esling, Richard L. Merrick, William W. Darrow, and Roland K. Smith, Jr.
The company changed its name to Bluefield Telephone Company on January 16, 1948.

### Acquisition by GTE

Bluefield Telephone was acquired by GTE and in 1954 changed its name to General Telephone Company of the Southeast on June 25, 1954. The company began expansion under GTE ownership, absorbing a large group of telephone companies acquired in 1957. These companies included Durham Telephone Company of North Carolina, Georgia Continental Telephone Company, South Carolina Continental Telephone Company, Southeastern Carolina Telephone Company, Southern Continental Telephone Company, and Sumter Telephone Company. In 1970, the company absorbed more GTE companies, including General Telephone Company of Georgia, General Telephone Company of North Carolina, Mutual Telephone Company, Inc., Pee Dee Telephone Company, and United Telephone Co in Alabama.
In 1986, the company changed its name to General Telephone Company of the South, later shortening in 1988 to GTE South Incorporated. At this point, GTE South served Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia.
In 1993, GTE South operations in Tennessee and West Virginia were sold to Frontier Communications Citizens Utilities to become Citizens Telecommunications Company of Tennessee and Citizens Telecommunications Company of West Virginia, respectively. GTE South lines in Georgia were traded with Alltel's Illinois operations.
In 1994, former Contel companies Contel of Kentucky, Contel of North Carolina, Contel of South Carolina, and Contel of Virginia were legally merged into GTE South.

### Acquisition by Verizon

In 2000, Bell Atlantic bought GTE, forming Verizon. GTE South was then renamed Verizon South, Inc.
In 2002, Verizon sold its operations in Alabama to CenturyTel, becoming CenturyTel of Alabama. Verizon also sold its operations in Kentucky to Alltel, becoming Kentucky ALLTEL (who later sold its wireline operations to Valor Telecom, renamed Windstream, and the operating company becoming Windstream Kentucky East).

#### Split

In 2010, operations in southern Illinois, southern Wisconsin, North Carolina (with the exception of Knotts Island), and South Carolina were included in a sale of Verizon assets, placed under the ownership of Frontier Communications ILEC Holdings, to Frontier Communications. The operations in those states became Frontier Communications of the Carolinas.

### Today

Verizon South remains a current operating company of Verizon serving former GTE and Contel regions in Virginia and Knotts Island, North Carolina.
# Whitney Souness

Whitney Souness (born 1995) is a New Zealand netball player. She currently plays for Central Pulse and had played 30 times for the New Zealand national netball team.

## Early life

Souness was born on 12 October or 12 November 1995 (sources vary). She comes from Porirua in the Wellington Region of the North Island of New Zealand. She attended St Mary's College in Wellington and, on the school's netball team, was coached by the former Samoan international, Pelesa Semu. She was chosen for the New Zealand Secondary Schools side in 2013, and was in the national development squad in 2014 and 2015.

## Netball career

Souness joined Central Pulse in 2015, however she suffered an ACL injury while playing for Wellington in the final of the national provincial championships. As a result, she was unable to compete for much of 2016. She played for Central Pulse from 2017 to 2019, before spending a year with the Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic. She returned to Central Pulse in 2021, swapping to an attacking role, having in the past mainly played in the centre court.
Souness was given a trial for with New Zealand, in 2015, but then suffered her ACL injury. She was finally selected for the team in 2017, playing her first match, against South Africa, in August of that year, and being the 167th woman to play for the national team. By the end of 2021 she had played 14 games, in the wing attack (WA) and centre (C) positions. Souness was a member of the Silver Ferns 2022 Commonwealth Games Team that won Bronze after defeating England.
When not playing netball, Souness works as a DJ.
# Moon Mason

Mason Moon Moorhouse (born March 21, 2007) is a Canadian-Korean former child actor and model. Following his acting debut as an infant in the movie Baby and I, he kept up media appearances by hosting a weekly TV show called Good Daddy and then began being called "Little Nichkhun", after the popular 2PM member. He was then in a TV series called 3 Suspicious Men, then in another TV series with his two younger brothers called Hello Baby, featuring T-ara as their caretakers. He has been a model for the Benetton Group fashion brand and was also chosen as the face of kid's brand R.ROBOT. In 2012 he appeared in his second movie, Love Clinique.

## Family

Moon's father, James Moorhouse, is Canadian. His mother, Moon Mi-Won, is South Korean. Moon and his two younger brothers Mavin Moon (born December 17, 2008) and Maden Moon (born December 18, 2009) are known as "the Moon Brothers".

## Career
### Model

Moon has been a model since his traditional 100th day celebration in 2007. Prior to his 2008 movie Baby and I he was involved in an entertainment company and appeared in magazines. In 2010 Moon was a model for the Benetton Group fashion brand. In 2012 Moon was chosen as the face of kid's brand R.ROBOT.

### Film

In June 2008 Moon started appearing alongside Jang Keun-suk in profile pictures and movie previews of his first film Baby and I, leading up to the August 2008 release. The father and son relationship depicted in the film has continued to be commented on by the media. In early 2009 Moon attended a press conference for child actors and was photographed crying. In November 2012 Moon made a cameo appearance in his second movie called Love Clinique/Tone Deaf Clinic. He also starred in the movie Making Family along with Ha-Nuel Kim and Aarif Rahman.

### Little Nichkhun

From about April 2010 Moon's face started being compared to Nichkhun from the K-Pop boy band 2PM. After more than a year of being compared to Nichkhun, they met and posed together in July 2011.

### Television

From November 2008 until January 2009 Moon hosted a weekly South Korean TV program called Good Daddy. In August and September 2010 Moon and his two younger brothers were in a South Korean TV program called 3 Suspicious Men. From November 2010 until February 2011 Moon and his two younger brothers were in a South Korean reality show called Hello Baby where celebrities experience parenthood by raising children ages 5 and under. The three brothers were cared for by K-pop girl group T-ara.
In 2012, Mason and his two younger brothers appeared alongside actor Lee Jung-ryong's two sons and seven other children in the "Children Channel: Popularity Battle" episodes of Shinhwa Broadcast, hosted by six-member boyband Shinhwa.

## Filmography
### Film

* Baby and I (2008)
* Love Clinique/Tone Deaf Clinic (2012)
* Dear Lena (2016)
* Making Family (2016)

### Television

* Good Daddy (2008)
* Hello Baby (2010)
* Children Channel: Popularity Battle (2012)
# Ann Day

Eleanor Ann Day (August 10, 1938 – May 7, 2016) was an American politician and educator who served as a member of the Arizona Senate from 1991 to 2001. Day was the younger sister of Supreme Court justice Sandra Day O'Connor.

## Early life and education

Born in El Paso, Texas, Day received her bachelor's degree in education from Arizona State University and her master's degree in counseling and guidance from University of Arizona.

## Career

Day taught in the Alhambra and Tucson School Districts in Arizona. She also was a marriage and family therapist for the Pima County Conciliation Court. Day served in the Arizona Senate from 1990 to 2000 as a Republican. She then served on the Pima County, Arizona Board of Supervisors from 2000 to 2012. She also served on the Arizona Industrial Commission.

## Personal life

Day was the sister of retired United States Supreme Court justice Sandra Day O'Connor. She was married twice: first to Manford Eugene "Gene" Simpson on November 1, 1958, and then to state senator John Scott Alexander on June 12, 1971. Both marriages ended in divorce. On May 7, 2016, Day was killed in an automobile accident by a drunk driver involving three vehicles near Tucson, Arizona.
# Old Town Hall, Midhurst

The Old Town Hall is a municipal building in the Market Square in Midhurst, West Sussex, England. The building, which is managed by the Midhurst Town Trust, is a Grade II listed building.

## History

The member of parliament for Guildford, Sir Anthony Brown, donated a site in the Market Square to the burgesses of Midhurst for the purposes of erecting a market hall in 1551. The building was designed in the neoclassical style, built in buff brick with an ashlar front and was completed later that year. It was arcaded on the ground floor, so that markets could be held, with an assembly room on the first floor. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage facing west towards Church Hill; there were three openings on the ground floor, which was rusticated, and there were two sash windows on the first floor. Full-height Doric order pilasters were installed at the corners and the roof was hipped and covered with slate.
A woven coverlet maker, Gilbert Hannan, founded a grammar school for twelve poor boys in the assembly room in 1672, and the building was converted for municipal use as the local town hall in 1760. The assembly room was originally accessed using a stone staircase inside the building but, in the early 1840s, extensive restoration work was carried out at the expense of the local member of parliament, John Abel Smith. A new external staircase with wrought iron railings was installed on the north side of the building and a lock-up with two cells for petty criminals was established in the building. Following completion of the works, magistrates' court hearings, which had been held in the Angel Inn in North Street, were relocated to the assembly room in the town hall in April 1848. The village stocks, placed outside the front of the town hall, continued to be used until January 1859, when a labourer who had defaulted on his debts, Henry Elldridge, became the last person to be sentenced to this form of punishment in the town.
The ground floor was converted for use as storage for the horse-drawn fire engine and a fire bell was installed on the front of the building just below the eaves in 1865. The borough council, which had not met for many years, was abolished under the Municipal Corporations Act 1883.
After extensive investigations to confirm the existing ownership of the property, the building was conveyed to a new charitable body, the Midhurst Town Trust, in February 1910. The fire service continued to occupy the ground floor until 1955, when the service relocated to a new fire station at The Wharf. The ground floor was then converted for use as an antiques centre, the Eagle House Antiques Market, in the 1960s, and, following a major refurbishment in 2010, the ground floor re-opened again as Garton's Coffee Shop.
# Sumiko Sakamoto

Sumiko Sakamoto (坂本スミ子, Sakamoto Sumiko, 25 November 1936 – 23 January 2021) was a Japanese singer and award-winning actress, born in Osaka, whose heartfelt performances made her a favorite of the late film director Shohei Imamura. Imamura cast her in three of his films: The Pornographers, Warm Water Under a Red Bridge, and The Ballad of Narayama, winner of the Palme d'Or at the 1983 Cannes Film Festival. She won the award for Japanese Best Actress from Nihon Academy for her performance in The Ballad of Narayama, as well as a kiss from Orson Welles.
She died of a stroke.
# Nose chain

A nose chain is a type of facial jewelry that originated centuries ago in Indus Valley Civilization as part of women's fashion in India.

## Physical aspects

Simply put, the nose chain is a link between a nose piercing and an ear-piercing. Typically, these "chains" are just that: chain links, usually (though not always) made of some kind of metal. Yet, besides actual chains, the term "nose chain" can denote other types of connecting materials between the nose and ear piercings, such as the common alternative of rosary beads. Other connectors can be used as well.

## History

The nose chain has been commonly worn by women in South Asia and North Africa (Sudan) for centuries. Women in India have been wearing them since before 6th century. It can be evidently seen in many Indian sculptures. It is especially significant during wedding ceremonies. Hindu tradition dictates that on the wedding night, the bride wears a nose chain which is hooked by a chain to either the earring or hair. The nose chain is worn by women for two reasons: firstly, to show respect and devotion to Goddess Parvati as she is considered the Goddess of marriage. And secondly, but of equal importance, is to signify devotion and subservience to her husband. This practice dates from the early 12th Century when the bride was considered property and would be led by the chain to adorn the husbands rooms as he saw fit, as a decoration and object of pleasure.

### Subculture

Today the nose chain has risen to prevalence as a recent introduction of Gothic fashion and is now known for its use in several different subcultures around the world.
# Frida Michelson

Frida Michelson (Latvian: Frīda Mihelsone, née Fride; 1906–1982) was a Latvian Jew and Holocaust survivor. She is known for her memoirs “I survived Rumbula” which records the Holocaust in Latvia, her life in the Riga Ghetto and how she managed to survive the massacre in Rumbula forest. She was one of only three survivors.

## Biography
### Before the Nazi occupation

Michelson was born in Jaungulbene, in the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire (now Latvia) in 1906. She grew up in Varakļāni but moved to Riga in the 1930s to work as a seamstress.

### During the Nazi occupation

In 1941, during the Nazi occupation of Latvia, she was imprisoned at the Riga Ghetto. In two days at the end of 1941 the majority of those imprisoned at the Riga Ghetto were taken to the Rumbula forest, in the outskirts of Riga, and murdered (see Rumbula massacre). Michelson was a witness to the first day, 30 November, when she saw thousands of Jews removed from the ghetto. On the other day, 8 December, she was also removed from the ghetto and was forced to march with thousands of others to Rumbula. However, she escaped being murdered by throwing herself into the snow when approaching the site of the massacre. She then pretended to be dead. The other Jews were forced to take off their shoes which were thrown into a pile on top of Michelson. She continued pretending to be dead and kept hiding under the pile of shoes. Michelson hid in the forest for the next three years, and with the help of local people managed to survive the Nazi occupation.

### After the Nazi occupation

Michelson married Mordehajs Michelsons and together they had two children. In 1950 Mordehajs Michelsons was deported to Siberia due to false accusations. In 1971 Frida Michelson and her children left the Soviet Union and moved to Israel.

## I Survived Rumbula

In the 1960s, Frida Michelson wrote down her memories of the Holocaust and the Nazi occupation in Latvia, in her native language, Yiddish. The original copy is kept in the archives of the Jews of Latvia Museum. Michelson's writings were translated into Russian and adapted by David Silberman creating the book "I Survived Rumbula". The book was later translated into English and to Latvian. A German translation appeared in 2020, 60 years after her written memories.
# French Polynesia at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics

French Polynesia competed at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics in London, Great Britain, from 4–13 August 2017.

## Results
### Women
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Hereiti Bernardino | 100 metres | 12.88 | 44 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# Orange-fronted hanging parrot

The orange-fronted hanging parrot or Papuan hanging parrot (Loriculus aurantiifrons) is a small species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to forest in New Guinea and adjacent smaller islands. It sometimes includes the Bismarck hanging parrot as a subspecies.

## Description

Individuals are 10 cm (4 in) and 14-16 g, and sexually dimorphic. Males and females are both mainly green in color, with males having a golden yellow forecrown, and females having a blue-green forecrown and blue-green cheeks. Both sexes have a red throat patch, red rump, and yellow on the sides of the rump.
# Bridge, Kent

Bridge is a village and civil parish near Canterbury in Kent, South East England.
Bridge village is in the Nailbourne valley in a rural setting on the old Roman road, Watling Street, formerly the main road between London and Dover. The village itself is centred 2.5 miles south-east of the city of Canterbury.

## History

It is likely that the parish took its name from "Bregge", a bridge which crossed the river Nailbourne, a tributary of the Stour. The parish church is dedicated to Saint Peter.

## Geography

The village is surrounded by a buffer zone, and is almost entirely residential and agricultural. Its layout is a cross between a linear settlement and a clustered settlement.

## Amenities

Bourne Park House is a Queen Anne mansion with lake, occasionally open to the public. Its façade and structure date mostly to 1702.

## In popular culture

Fyfe Robertson presented ' Robbie: The Car ' on BBC One, Thursday 24 July, 1975, in which was shown Bridge's traffic congested roads.
# Scirpus congdonii

Scirpus congdonii is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common name Congdon's bulrush after noted Californian botanist J.W. Congdon. It is native to the mountains and plateaus of far northern California and adjacent sections of southern Oregon and western Nevada. It can be found in wetland habitat and other moist areas, such as mountain meadows and waterways. It is a perennial herb forming a loose or dense clump of erect stems growing up to half a meter tall, solitary stems sometimes occurring as well. The stems are three-angled and narrow at the middle. Sheathing leaves occur at the stem bases as well as higher up the stems. The inflorescence occurs at the end of the stem, with small additional ones growing from leaf axils. The inflorescence consists of several clusters of many spikelets wrapped at the bases in a leaflike bract.
# The Captivity of Benjamin Gilbert

The Captivity of Benjamin Gilbert and His Family, 1780–83 is a captivity narrative by William Walton relating the experiences of a Quaker family of settlers near Mauch Chunk in present-day Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania. The story was originally published in 1784, and has since been republished numerous times under varying titles.

## The narrative

In 1780, the Gilbert family was settled near what was then the frontier between encroaching colonists and Native Americans. In a minor action in the American Revolution a war party from the British base at Fort Niagara, under the overall command of Colonel John Butler, swept through the area. The attack was probably in retaliation for the destruction of native towns by the Sullivan Expedition the previous year.
The war party consisted of eleven people:
* Rowland Monteur - Mohawk, first captain.
* John Monteur - Mohawk, second in command, who was also styled captain.
Roland and John were the sons of Catherine Montour, called French Catherine.
* Samuel Harris, John Huston, and his son John Huston, jr.,— Cayugas.
* John Fox - Delaware
The other five were unidentified Senecas.
The war party took the Gilbert family and some neighbors captive, fifteen people in all:
* Benjamin Gilbert, aged 69.
* Elizabeth, Benjamin's wife, 55.
* Joseph Gilbert, Benjamin's son, 41.
* Jesse Gilbert, Benjamin's son, 19.
* Sarah Gilbert, Jesse's wife, 19.
* Rebecca Gilbert, Benjamin's daughter, 16.
* Abner Gilbert, Benjamin's son, 14.
* Elizabeth Gilbert, Benjamin's daughter, 12.
* Thomas Peart, Elizabeth Gilbert's son by a prior marriage, 23.
* Benjamin Gilbert, a son of John Gilbert of Philadelphia, 11.
* Andrew Harrigar, a hired worker, 26.
* Abigail Dodson, a neighbor, 14
* Benjamin Peart, Elizabeth Gilbert's son by a prior marriage, 27.
* Elizabeth Peart, Benjamin Peart's wife, 20.
* Elizabeth Peart, Benjamin Peart's daughter, about nine months old.
The group made the trek from Pennsylvania to Fort Niagara on foot and horseback, a journey of about a month. Although threatened with death several times the captives were generally well treated. Harrigar managed to escape en route.
On reaching Niagara, Benjamin and Elizabeth Gilbert, and Jesse and Sarah Gilbert were released through the intervention of John Butler and Guy Johnson, and sent by boat to Montreal. Benjamin died on the way, but the other three safely reached their destination.
The remaining captives were adopted by Indian families and spent time in Niagara and Buffalo Creek. The last were freed in 1782.
# Jānis Poruks

Jānis Poruks (13 October 1871 – 25 July 1911), was a Latvian poet and writer could be considered as a founder of the romantic branch of Latvian literature.

## Biography

Jānis Poruks was born in Druviena parish, in the Kreis Walk of the Governorate of Livonia in a peasant family. He started his education in local Druviena parish school. Later he studied also in Liezēre parish school and Cēsis city school. In 1893 Poruks went to Germany and started studies in Dresden Conservatory. While in Dresden he published his first book, a collection of essays in german language Religion der Zukunft. Poruks returned to Latvia in 1894 when he ran out of money. In Latvia, he started chemistry studies in Riga Polytechnical Institute but later he shifted to commerce. He also started to work in newspaper Mājas Viesis. During this period he wrote most of his most famous works and often signed them with pseudonyms Nemo'or Parsifal.
After 1905 Poruks mental health started to decline, and he was treated in mental hospitals in Rīga, Strenči and Tartu. From 1909 until 1910 Poruks lived in writer's home Burtnieku nams in Riga. Jānis Poruks died on 25 July 1911 in mental hospital in Tartu. He was buried in Cēsis cemetery, but in 1924 his remains were reburied in Forest Cemetery in Riga.

## Literature

The first publication of Poruks was a short story Purvaiņos which was published in a newspaper Dienas Lapa in 1888. He wrote 13 stories, one novel, one collection of poetry and one play. In his prose works he used elements of romanticism, realism and symbolism, sometimes even all in one work. His poetry is very intimate and romantic. Latvian composer Emīls Dārziņš composed music to several of his poems.
# Studyonoye (Novosibirsk Oblast)

Studyonoye (Russian: Студёное) is a rural locality (village) in Karasuksky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. It is the administrative center of the Studyonovsky Village Council. Formerly it was known as Spasovka.
Population: 988 (2010 Census); 1,113 (2002 Census);

## Geography

Studyonoye lies in the southern part of the Baraba Plain, by the lake of the same name and a little to the north of the mouth of the Karasuk. The Russia-Kazakhstan border lies 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) to the southwest, and Karasuk, the district capital, approximately 45 kilometers (28 mi) to the northeast.
# Arackal

Arackal is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 Census of India, Arackal had a population of 16739 with 7964 males and 8776 females.