OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bandar bin Faisal Al Saud

Bandar bin Faisal Al Saud (1943 – November 2015) was a Saudi Arabian businessman and Royal Saudi Air Force officer. A member of the Saudi royal family, he was one of the children of King Faisal and Iffat Al Thunayan. He was one of the grandsons of Saudi Arabia's founder King Abdulaziz.

## Early life and education

Bandar bin Faisal was born in Taif in 1943 and raised there. He was one of nine children of King Faisal and Iffat Al Thunayan. His full siblings were Princess Sara, Prince Mohammed, Princess Latifa, Prince Saud, Prince Abdul Rahman, Prince Turki, Princess Luluwah and Princess Haifa.
Prince Bandar was a graduate of the Hun School. He received a bachelor's degree from Pomona College and also, from Whittier College in California. Next he graduated from Royal Air Force College Cranwell in 1967 and RAF Staff College. He also received a graduate degree from the University of Washington.
One of his classmates in Cranwell was Bandar bin Sultan, husband of his sister, Haifa.

## Career and activities

Following graduation, Prince Bandar joined the royal air force and began to work as a fighter pilot in the lightning squad. Then he became a lieutenant colonel. He worked at the intelligence unit of the force and also served as the head of the negotiation teams of the force. Later, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general. In 2007, he retired from the air force after serving forty years. Then he worked as a senior military advisor at the Ministry of Defense and Aviation.
While serving in the air force, Prince Bandar was also involved in business. In the mid-1980s he founded the Saudi Group, a joint venture with his wife Basma bint Majid and his nephew Prince Saud bin Abdullah.
He was one of the early members of the Saudi National Commission for Wildlife. In 2007, Prince Bandar initiated a project to protect the indigenous wildlife in Saudi Arabia.

## Personal life

Prince Bandar married his cousin Basma bint Majid, a daughter of Prince Majid bin Abdulaziz. He had two children, Prince Sultan and Princess Hanah.

## Death

Bandar bin Faisal died in November 2015. He was buried in Riyadh following the afternoon prayer at the Imam Turki bin Abdullah Mosque.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Bandar bin Faisal Al Saud :
# Sigara fallenoidea

Sigara fallenoidea is a species of water boatman in the family Corixidae in the order Hemiptera. It was described by Hungerford and the type locality is in Canada. In Ireland Walton discovered a 'new' species of corixidae which he named Sigara pearcei. This was synonymised by Hungerford in 1950. The distribution of S. fallenoidea is therefore an extraordinary one including Canada, Ireland, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Ukraine and Russia. In Ireland, Sigara fallenoidea is found in all the large lakes on the island. There are confirmed records from Loughs Neagh, Beg and Portmore Lough; Upper and Lower Lough Erne; Lough Melvin; Loughs Ree, Derg and Key on the Shannon; and Lough Corrib.
# Roy, Idaho

Roy is an unincorporated community in Power County, Idaho, United States. Roy is located on Idaho State Highway 37 14.5 miles (23.3 km) south of Rockland.

## History

Roy's population was 200 in 1925, and 70 in 1940.
# Pakistan at the 1990 Commonwealth Games

Pakistan participated at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland, New Zealand after a hiatus of 20 years. It failed to win any medal at these games. The only time it has returned empty handed from the Commonwealth Games.
# Mashed

Mashed may refer to:
* Mashed, that created from mash ingredients
* Mashed, the result of a mashing
* Mashed, the result of a mashup (music)
* Mashed, a UK-based series that parodies animation, video games, anime and pop culture, owned by Channel 4
* Mashed (TV series), a British children's television programme
* Mashed (album), a 2007 mashup album
* Mashed (video game), a vehicular combat video game
* Mashed.com, a food website owned by Static Media
# Archaeological Museum of Sifnos

The Archaeological Museum of Sifnos is a museum, in the village of Kastro on Sifnos (the capital of the island since the Archaic period until 1836), in Greece. Its collections include exhibits dating from the early Bronze Age to the late Byzantine period. There are mostly local finds.
The building of the museum belongs to the medieval nucleus of the Kastro. It was restored by the Greek Ministry of Culture and opened to the public in 1986.
* Historical building of the Museum
* Early Cycladic kandila (chandelier), marble, ca 3000 BC
* Cases with Greek geometric and archaic pottery
* Protocorinthian cotyle, early 7th century BC
* Base of marble perirhanterion (holy water bowl) from the Kastro of Sifnos
* Rooms with ancient sculptures
* Eroded head of a Kouros, marble, 550 BC
* Part of marble stele, inscribed with decree honouring a Delian lyre player, Hellenistic period
* Roman portrait of a man, marble
* Fresco from a church at Kastro of Sifnos, ca 1700 AD
# Yellow-throated sandgrouse

The yellow-throated sandgrouse (Pterocles gutturalis) is a species of bird in the family Pteroclidae.

## Range

It is found in Angola, Botswana, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

## Subspecies

There are two accepted subspecies:
* P. g. subsp. saturatior E.J.O.Hartert, 1900 – Ethiopia to northern Zambia
* P. g. subsp. gutturalis A. Smith, 1836 – southern Zambia and Angola to northern South Africa

## Gallery

* Illustration from Horsbrugh, Boyd (1912)
* Female at Masai Mara
* Male at Masai Mara
* Pair drinking water (Masai Mara)
# Mahad taluka

Mahad taluka is a subdistrict/upazila/tehsil in Raigad district of the Indian state of Maharashtra.

## Raigad district

As of August 2015, there were 8 sub-divisions, 15 talukas, 1970 villages, 60 revenue circles and 350 sazzas in Raigad district. The talukas are Alibag, Karjat, Khalapur, Mahad, Mangaon, Mhasala, Murud, Panvel, Pen, Poladpur, Roha, Shrivardhan, Sudhagad-Pali, Tala and Uran.

## Demographics

Religions in Mahad taluk (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 79.44% | 79.44% |
| Islam | Islam | 13.33% | 13.33% |
| Buddhism | Buddhism | 6.68% | 6.68% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.55% | 0.55% |
Mahad taluka has a population of 180,191 according to the 2011 census. Mahad had a literacy rate of 81.90% and a sex ratio of 1031 females per 1000 males. 19,044 (10.57%) are under 7 years of age. 41,236 (22.88%) lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.70% and 5.12% of the population respectively.
Languages of Mahad taluk (2011)
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 84.28% of the population in the taluka spoke Marathi, 10.03% Urdu and 1.89% Hindi as their first language.
# Big Sky Trooper

Big Sky Trooper is a sci-fi action game produced by JVC Musical Industries and LucasArts for the Super NES in October 1995. The game runs on the Zombies Ate My Neighbors engine.

## Gameplay

At the start of the game, the player chooses an avatar, male or female. The evil Space Slug forces, led by the Sultan of Slime, have launched a sudden attack on humanity, quickly occupying the majority of planets in the galaxy, and forcing the Sidereal Shock Troops to recruit soldiers to counter the threat. After passing three "grueling tests", the player is made a "21-star general" and transported to the E.S.S. Dire Wolf, where they meet the ship's Flexible Interactive Digital Omnicomputer (FIDO, represented by a dog). From this point, the player receives various orders, from rescuing stranded agents on various cartoon-like worlds, retrieving upgrade parts for the ship and the player, and repairing various machines which help keep the universe running.
The vast majority of the game, however, is spent hunting down and driving the Slugs off different planets; when arriving at an occupied world, the game switches to an overhead Asteroids-esque view, where the Dire Wolf must shoot down all enemies (beginning with small, weak ships, with larger ones featured later in the game). After this, the player dons a suit of powered armor and descends to the planet's surface to hunt down the Slugs. Once this is finished, any additional tasks (such as speaking to people, opening up passages to the different machines) can be completed, or the player can return to the Dire Wolf and head to the next planet.

## Reception

A reviewer for Next Generation, noting the game's incongruous mix of cutesy graphics and storyline with remarkably complex gameplay and levels, concluded that "What exactly this game's intended audience is supposed to be, we can't figure out, but it deserves at least a small one." He gave it three out of five stars.
# List of municipal poets laureate in Massachusetts

This is a list of past and current municipal poets laureate serving towns, counties, and cities in Massachusetts. The state of Massachusetts does not have a poet laureate program.

## Amesbury

* Lainie Senechal – 2016–2017
* Stephen R Wagner – 2018–2019
* Ellie O'Leary – 2020–2023
* Lisa Usani Phillips – 2024–2025

## Arlington

* Miriam Levine - 2015–2017
* Cathie DesJardins - 2017–2019
* Steven Ratiner - 2019–2021
* Jean Flanagan - 2023–2025

## Attleboro

* Briana Serradas – 2022–

## Boston

* Samuel James Cornish – 2008–2014
* Danielle Legros Georges - 2014–2019
* Porsha Olayiwola - 2019–

## Brockton

* Philip Hasouris – 2021–

## Easthampton

* Gary Metras, 2018 - 2019
* María José Giméne, 2019 - 2021
* Jason R. Montgomery, 2021 - 2023
* Alex Woolner, 2021 - 2023
* Carolyn A. Cushing, 2023 - 2025

## Haverhill

* Dan Speers - 2022–

## Martha's Vineyard

* Lee H. McCormack - 2012-2014
* Arnie Reisman - 2014-2016
* Justen Ahren – 2017–2019
* Jill Jupen – 2019–2024
* Claudia Taylor – 2024–2026

### West Tisbury

* Dan Waters – 2006–2009
* Fan Ogilvie – 2009–2012
* Justen Ahren – 2012–2015
* Emma Young – 2015–2018
* Spencer Thurlow – 2018–2022
* Tain Leonard-Peck – 2022–2025

## Medford

* Terry E. Carter – 2021-2023
* Vijaya Sundaram – 2023–

## New Bedford

* Everett Hoagland - 1994-1998
* John Landry - 2007–2010
* Patricia Gomes - 2014-2021
* Sarah Mulvey - 2022–

## Northampton

* Martin Espada – 2001-2003
* Janet Aalfs - 2003-2005
* Jack Gilbert – 2006–2008
* Lesléa Newman – 2008–2010
* Lenelle Moïse – 2010–2012
* Richard Michelson – 2012–2015
* Patrick Donnelly - 2015-2017
* Amy Dryansky – 2017–2019
* Karen Skolfield – 2019–2022
* Franny Choi – 2024–2026

## Plymouth

* Stephan Delbos – 2020–

## Rockport

* Sharon Chace – 2017–
* Robert Whelan – 2022-2025

## Somerville

* Nicole Terez Dutton – 2015–2016
* Gloria Mindock – 2017–2018
* Lloyd Schwartz – 2019–2024

## Springfield

* María Luisa Arroyo – 2014–2016
* Magdalena Gómez – 2019–2022

## Westwood

* Lynne Viti - 2023-2025

## Worcester

* Juan Matos – 2020–2022
* Oliver de la Paz – 2023–2025
# Spencer Wishart

Spencer E. Wishart (December 3, 1889 – August 22, 1914) was an American racing driver. He was active during the early years of Indy car racing.

## Biography

Wishart was born on December 3, 1889, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Wishart was killed on August 22, 1914, at age 24 when he clipped another car during a 1914 AAA Championship Car season race in Elgin, Illinois. Wishart's car hit a fence and flipped, he was pinned beneath it and suffered a skull fracture and other injuries, dying in the hospital shortly thereafter. His mechanic John C. Jenter was also mortally injured in the crash. Wishart is interred at Kensico Cemetery in Valhalla, New York.

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1911 | 11 | 11 | — | — | 4 | 200 | 5 | Running |
| 1912 | 7 | 6 | 83.950 | 9 | 15 | 82 | 0 | Water line |
| 1913 | 22 | 19 | 81.990 | 13 | 2 | 200 | 0 | Running |
| 1914 | 19 | 25 | 92.690 | 8 | 17 | 122 | 0 | Camshaft |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 604 | 5 | |
| Starts | 4 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Front Row | 0 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 2 |
| Top 10 | 2 |
| Retired | 2 |

## Images

* The footstone of Spencer Wishart
* The tombstone of Spencer Wishart
# Nazario Toledo

Nazario Toledo (July 20, 1807 – December 17, 1887) was a Costa Rican politician.
Nazario was born in Guatemala City on 20 July 1807.
Toledo is believed to have come to Costa Rica from Guatemala in 1835. Toledo was the president of the 1846 Constituent Assembly of Costa Rica [es], Plenipotentiary Minister of Costa Rica in Guatemala in 1849, an instructor at the Casa de Enseñanza de Santo Tomás [es] and the University of Santo Tomás [es] in 1858, and the Minister of Public Instruction in 1858.
He returned to Guatemala indefinitely in 1859.
# Stennett, Iowa

Stennett is an unincorporated community in Montgomery County, Iowa, United States. Stennett is located at the junction of County Highways H20 and M55, 5.7 miles (9.2 km) north-northeast of Red Oak.

## History

Stennett got its start in the year 1880 when a railroad switch was built through the territory to reach the Stennett stone quarry. Stennett's population was 28 in 1902, and 95 in 1925.
# Hydromancy

Hydromancy (Ancient Greek ὑδρομαντεία, water-divination, from ὕδωρ, water, and μαντεία, divination) is a method of divination by means of water, including the color, ebb and flow, or ripples produced by pebbles dropped in a pool. It also refers to the entering of a trance by staring at a chosen form of water, which is a form of scrying.

## Methods of hydromancy

There are various methods of hydromancy. Hydromancy with rain water was termed "hydatoscopy", and hydromancy with water from a spring was termed "pegomancy".
The Jesuit M. A. Del Rio (1551–1608) described several methods of hydromancy. The first method described depicts a ring hanging by a string that is dipped into a vessel of water which was shaken. A judgment or prediction is made by the number of times which the ring strikes the sides of the vessel.
A second method is when three pebbles are thrown into standing water, and observations are made from the circles that are formed when the objects strike the water.
The third method described depended upon the agitation of the water. This custom was prevalent among Oriental Christians, who annually baptized in that element.
A fourth method used colors of the water and figures appearing in it. Varro stated that many prognostications were made in this way concerning the Mithridatic War. This branch of the divination proved so important that it was given a separate name, and there arose from it the divination of fountains whose waters were frequently visited.
Pausanias (2nd century CE) described the fountain near Epidaurus which was dedicated to the goddess Ino, into which loaves were thrown by worshippers who hoped to receive an oracle from the goddess. If the loaves were accepted, then they sank in the water, which meant good fortune, but if the loaves were washed up from the fountain, it meant bad luck.
A custom of ancient Germanic tribes was to throw newborn children into the Rhine river. It was thought that if the child was illegitimate, then he would drown, but if he was legitimate, he would swim. Such a custom appears to be a precursor of the 17th century custom of "swimming witches" perhaps related to the Anglo-Saxon law of trial by water.
In a fifth method of hydromancy, mysterious words are pronounced over a glass of water, and then observations are made of its spontaneous ebullience.
In the sixth method, a drop of oil was let drop into a vessel of water. This created a mirror through which wondrous things became visible. This, Del Rio said, is the Modus Fessanus.
The seventh method of hydromancy was cited by Clemens Alexandrinus, who cited that women of Germany watched the whirls and courses of rivers for prognostic interpretations. That same fact was mentioned by J. L. Vives in his Commentary upon St. Augustine.
Another method (and possibly the simplest) is via "scrying" (the entering into a trance as stimulated by staring at water in a bowl or some running form).
In Renaissance magic, hydromancy was classified as one of the seven "forbidden arts", along with necromancy, geomancy, aeromancy, pyromancy, chiromancy (palmistry), and spatulamancy (scapulimancy).
# Vostok Rupes

Vostok Rupes is an escarpment on Mercury. The scarp is a surface manifestation of a thrust fault, which formed when the planet contracted as its interior cooled.
Vostok Rupes cuts across the crater Guido d'Arezzo and across a larger, unnamed crater to the northwest.
Vostok Rupes is named after Russian ship Vostok, which led the First Russian Antarctic Expedition in 1819–1821, commanded by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen.
# Henri (crater)

Henri is a crater on Mercury. It has a diameter of 163.8 kilometres (101.8 miles). Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) on April 24, 2012. Henri is named for American painter Robert Henri.
The craters Anyte and Anguissola lie within Henri. The smaller but similar crater Lismer is joined to Henri to the northeast.
# Robert I. Blau

Robert I. Blau (born 1955) is an American Career Foreign Service Officer who served as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim to El Salvador from January 2009 until September 2010.
There was an issue during his tenure about the United States interfering with El Salvador elections which Blau needed to be involved with.
In retirement, Robert Blau has written two books for publication: "Cancer World," describing his experiences battling throat and neck cancer; and "The Oldest City's Oldest Synagogue," a history of the St. Augustine, FL Jewish community.
# Seongsan Bridge

The Seongsan Bridge (Korean: 성산대교) is a bridge over the Han River in Seoul, South Korea. It connects Mapo District and Yeongdeungpo District. The bridge was completed in June 1980. It has a length of 1,410 m (4,630 ft).
# Seogang Bridge

Seogang Bridge or Grand Seogang Bridge (Korean: 서강대교) is a six-lane two-way bridge over the Han River in Seoul, South Korea. The bridge links the Mapo and Yeongdeungpo districts. It is supported in the middle as it passes over the protected islets of Bamseom.

## History

Construction of Soegang Bridge began in 1980, but was halted after 1983. Construction resumed 10 years later in 1993 , and the bridge opened at the end of 1996, absorbing traffic due to the partial closure of Yanghwa Bridge.
It was initially designed as a cable-stayed bridge, but due to the financial problems of the Seoul Metropolitan Government and the unsecured connection road, the construction was halted in 1983 with only 17 piers having been built. Later, due to the hosting of the 1988 Seoul Olympics, construction was no longer a budget priority and the partially constructed bridge was neglected for 10 years. It also earned the stigma of being called 'the hideous sight of Seoul and the monster of the Han River. Construction resumed in 1993 to relieve Seoul's traffic problems.
However, because the bridge was being built through Bamseom, there was opposition from environmental groups who were concerned that migratory birds would disappear, and the construction method was changed to reflect this. In the 150m section where Bamseom is located, it was decided to build a Nielsen arch bridge. The remaining sections were to be constructed using a continuous extrusion method that pushes out concrete boxes, and the Gangbuk section was to be constructed with a steel box bridge. Additionally, to protect migratory birds, construction was halted from April to June when migratory birds breed.

### Timeline

* June 7, 1980 : Construction began
* December 30, 1996 : Yanghwa Bridge opened early due to some traffic restrictions. However, at that time, the northern end of Sogang Bridge was only accessible via Gangbyeonbuk-ro.
* April 30, 1997 : A temporary bridge was installed connecting the northern end of Sogang Bridge and Sinchon Intersection ahead of the demolition of the old Yanghwa Bridge.
* October 1998 : The access road to the northern end of Soegang Bridge opened, and the temporary bridge was demolished.

## Soegang Bridge and Bamseom Island

Soegang Bridge is a route that crosses Bamseom, a famous migratory bird destination. There is an arch-shaped structure built in this section, indicating that this is Bamseom.
In the early days of the opening of Soegang Bridge, it was pointed out that the Bamseom ecosystem was being damaged by noise and by exhaust from vehicles passing over Soegang Bridge.
# Sonny Collantes

Nelson Perez Collantes (born May 5, 1952), known as Sonny Collantes, is a Filipino politician and Air Force Reservist who is the Mayor of Tanauan City, Batangas since 2022. He served a member of the Philippine House of Representatives for the Third District of Batangas from 2010 to 2016, succeeding Victoria Hernandez-Reyes. He was one of the 24 Members of the 15th Congress who switched parties and joined the Liberal Party on June 25, 2010. He previously served as the OIC Secretary of the Interior and Local Government in June 1998, the final month of the Ramos administration. In 2018, the Commission on Appointments confirmed his promotion to the rank of Brigadier General (Reserve).
# 2021 SANFL Grand Final

The 2021 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) grand final was an Australian rules football match that was played at Adelaide Oval on Sunday, 3 October to determine the premiers for the 2021 SANFL season.
The match was contested by Woodville-West Torrens and Glenelg. It was the first grand final meeting between the two clubs since the merger of the Woodville and West Torrens football clubs in 1991.
Woodville-West Torrens defeated Glenelg by 67 points. Whilst Glenelg kicked 2 out of the first 3 goals, Woodville-West Torrens kicked 14 out of the next 16 to run away with the premiership.
The win marked the 5th premiership for Woodville-West Torrens in their 30th year in the league, and the first time the club had ever gone back-to-back. The win also puts Woodville-West Torrens and Glenelg on the same amount of premiership victories - though Glenelg is 71 years older. With the loss, Glenelg also claims the worst Grand Final win ratio of any club with 26.32% having lost 14 out of their 19 Grand Final appearances.
Jack Hayes of Woodville-West Torrens was awarded the Jack Oatey Medal as the best player on ground.
# Tara Singh (Sikh prince)

Kunwar Tara Singh (4 December 1807 – 1859), sometimes styled as Shahzada, was the younger of the twin sons of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, founder of Sikh Empire and his first wife Maharani Mehtab Kaur. His elder twin brother was Maharaja Sher Singh, who briefly became the ruler of the Sikh Empire from 1841 until his death in 1843.
It is said that his actual mother was Manki, a Muslim servant in the household of Sada Kaur. He died in 1859, after the Sikh war.

## Note

* ↑ Griffin, Lepel Henry (1890). The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Families in the Lahore and Rawalpindi Divisions of the Panjab. Civil and Military Gazette Press.
* ↑ Griffin, Lepel Henry (1890). The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Families in the Lahore and Rawalpindi Divisions of the Panjab. Civil and Military Gazette Press.
* This Sikhism-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Yemenite

Yemenite (Arabic: يماني‎, romanized: Yamāni) is someone whose ancestors are from Yemen, or something that is linked to Yemen. It may refer to:
* Al-Yamani, a pre-messianic figure in Shia Islamic eschatology
* Yemenite Hebrew, dialect of the Hebrew language
* Yemenite Jews
* Yemenite Kaaba
* Yemenite step, an Israeli folk dance step originating from Yemen
* Yemenis, diaspora of Yemen