OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Daniel Rubinstein

Daniel H. Rubinstein (born 1967) is a United States Foreign Service Officer and diplomat he had served as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim to Sudan. He has served as consul general, the top U.S. official at the Jerusalem consulate and directed the State Department's Office of Israel and Palestinian Affairs. From October 2015 to January 2019, Rubinstein served as United States Ambassador to Tunisia; he was succeeded by Donald A. Blome.

## Career

Rubinstein is a graduate of the University of California at Berkeley. A career member of the Senior Foreign Service, Rubinstein also served as Consul General and Chief of Mission in Jerusalem from 2009 to 2012, Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Amman, Jordan from 2005 to 2008, and as Chief of the Civilian Observer Unit in the Multinational Force and Observers in Sinai, Egypt. Earlier, he served as Director of the Office of Israel and Palestinian Affairs in the Department of State from 2004 to 2005. Rubinstein speaks Arabic, Hebrew, and Portuguese.
Rubinstein, one of the State Department's leading “Arabists,” replaced Ambassador Robert Ford as the US Special Envoy to Syria.
In March 2014, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry announced that Rubinstein would replace Robert Stephen Ford as the United States Special Envoy for Syria. Rubinstein thus served as Ambassador from October 2015 to January 2019.
Rubinstein was appointed as Charge d'Affaires ad interim at the US Embassy in Cairo on August 23, 2022.
Rubinstein was appointed as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim to Sudan on February 23, 2024.
# Stephen Reid (artist)

Stephen Reid (30 May 1873 – 7 December 1948) was a Scottish illustrator and painter who specialised in Georgian settings and costume pieces.
Born in Aberdeen, he was educated Gray's School of Art and the Royal Scottish Academy. He was elected to the Royal Society of British Artists at the age of 33. His early work was influenced by Edwin Austin Abbey.
Books he illustrated include:
* Hull, Eleanor (1904), The Boys' Cúchullain
* Noyes, Alfred (1908), Magic Casement; An Anthology of Fairy Poetry
* Wood, Eric (1910), Famous Voyages of the Great Discoverers
* Rolleston, T. W. (1910), The High Deeds of Finn
* Rolleston, T. W. (1911), Myths & Legends of the Celtic Race
* Letts, W.M. and M.F.S. (1913), Helmet & Cowl
He also contributed to magazines, including The Strand Magazine and The Connoisseur.
# Makemake (disambiguation)

Makemake is a large planetoid in the Kuiper belt.
Makemake may also refer to:
* Makemake (deity), the creator of humanity in the mythology of Easter Island
* "Make Make", a song by Mike Oldfield from Heaven's Open
* Make-Make, an album by Jabberwocky
* The Makemakes, an Austrian pop-rock band
# TVS Sport

TVS Sport (known as TVS Metro in Bangladesh) is a 110 cc motorcycle commuter bike manufactured in India by TVS Motor Company Ltd. Initially launched in 2007, it received updates in 2015 and 2017.
The design features in areas of style, mileage, and pricing created a demand for this vehicle among new-generation motorcyclists. According to the company, the enhanced features focused on the fuel efficiency of the motorcycle. In 2017 TVS Motor Company launched the TVS Sport with the BS-IV engine which comes with a large fuel tank with 10-litre capacity. It is one of the high fuel tank capacity models in the 110 cc segment in the Indian motorcycle market.
The 2017 TVS Sport is suspended over standard telescopic forks up front and 5-step adjustable twin shocks in the rear. The bike measures 1,950 mm in length, 705 mm in width, and 1,080 in height with a ground clearance of 170 mm. The Brakes include a 130mm drum in the front and a 110 mm unit in the rear. The all-gear electric start enables the vehicle to start at any gear. The vehicle sports body graphics, a chrome-plated exhaust muzzle, and a compact taillight.

## Engine

TVS Sport comes with a 4 stroke Duralife engine powered by a 109.7cc single-cylinder motor. TVS Sport's Duralife Engine comes with Roller Cam Follower Technology that reduces friction and provides less stress on the engine leading to more efficient fuel consumption as stated by the company. This engine enables a churning out 7.8 PS of peak power 7,350 rpm and 8.7 Nm of maximum torque at 4,000 rpm. TVS Sport achieved a record on-road mileage of 110.12km per litre.

## JD Power Award

TVS Sport is Ranked No.1 amongst Economy Segment Motorcycles in the J.D. Power APEAL Study 2015 and 2017. This prestigious award makes TVS Sport "The Most Appealing Economy Motorcycle".
# Kil-Choo Moon

Kil-Choo Moon is a leading Korean engineer and environmental scientist and President of the International Union of Air Pollution Prevention and Environmental Protection Associations (IUAPPA). He has served as President of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology and of the Korea University of Science and Technology and a Distinguished Professor of Korea University.

## Academic background and professional experience

Kil-Choo Moon studied Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa (B.S.,1978), Canada; Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota (M.S.,1980) and Mechanical Engineering (Particle Technology, Air Pollution Group) (Ph.D.,1984).
Kil-Choo Moon was Director, Directorate for National Science and Engineering Programs, National Research Foundation of Korea; Vice President KIST (2006-2009); Director, Global Environmental Research Center, KIST (1997-2001), Director, Environment Research Center, KIST (1992-1997).

## Professional responsibilities

* Executive President, IUAPPA (2010-)
* Executive Vice President, IUAPPA (2004-2010)
* President, Korea Society for Atmospheric Environment (KOSAE) (2008-2009)
* Chairman, A&WMA Korean Section (1997-2008)
* President, Korean Association for Aerosol and Particle Research (KAPAR) (1996-1997)
* Member, Air and Waste Management Association|Air & Waste Management Association (AWMA)
* Member, Society of Automotive Engineering (SAE)
* Member, American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR)

## Awards

* Member, National Academy of Engineering of Korea (NAEK)
* Ungbi Medal, Order of Science and Technology Merit (2006)
* Scientific Award, KOSAE (2004)
* Certification of Honor, IUAPPA, England (2001)
* Ministry Citation, Ministry of Environment (1994)

## Selected publications

* Kil-Choo Moon:Charging Mechanism of Submicron Diesel Particles, University of Minnesota, 1984 - 484 pages
* Kil-Choo Moon et al.:Fine particle measurements at two background sites in Korea between 1996 and 1997, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 35, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 635–643
# The Joulukalenteri

The Joulukalenteri (combination of English word "The" and Finnish word for "Christmas Calendar") is a 1997 Finnish television miniseries produced by MTV3 that was broadcast again in 1998, 2007, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2022. It was based on the Danish series The Julekalender from 1991. A Norwegian version was made in 1994.
The series came out in December 1997 with one episode per day, concluding on Christmas Eve. The original concept and script of the series, as well as its numerous songs came from the Danish trio of De Nattergale (Carsten Knudsen [da], Uffe Rørbæk Madsen [da] and Viggo Sommer). The Finnish adaptation was directed by Jukka Virtanen and starred Seppo Korjus [fi], Kari Lehtomäki [fi], Raimo Smedberg [fi] and Jukka Virtanen.
In December 2007, there was a rerun on Subtv.

## Plot summary

In Alaska (referred to as "a faraway place at the edge of the world") the old elf Iki-Iäkäs is dying, because the musicbox which plays his life's melody is about to stop. Iki-Iäkäs sends three elves, Toivo, Kauko and Hande, to Finland (whence the elves were driven away by the evil and greedy Näsä) to find the key to the music box so that it can be rewound.
After forgetting to fill the tank of their aeroplane, the elves crash into the woods. They manage to steal fuel from a nearby farm, the occupants of which are completely unaware of the elves' presence and the true intentions of their bizarre guest Pentti. Pentti is, in actuality, a Näsä sent to steal the elves' Book of Knowledge which holds the answer to every question. Despite getting the gas, they can't leave, because the propeller was twisted in the crash and so Kauko, an elf of an established carpenter family, begins to make a new one out of wood.
As a comedic touch, the three elves speak in a mixture of Finnish and English. This is mostly Finnish but (almost) every line contains a few words or phrases replaced by English in random places.
# John H. Sturgis

John H. Sturgis (April 10, 1863 – November 11, 1949) was an American politician from Maine. A Republican from Auburn, Sturgis served three terms in the Maine House of Representatives from 1923 to 1928. While in the Legislature, Sturgis was a member of the Agriculture Committee and Temperance Committee as well as on the committee overseeing the Maine State Prison.
He was originally from Cape Elizabeth, Maine and was prominent in Freemasonry. He is interred at Mountain View Cemetery in Auburn.
# Richard L. Allen

Richard Lamb Allen (October 20, 1803 – September 22, 1869) was an American writer on agriculture.

## Early life

Allen was born on October 20, 1803, near Westfield, Massachusetts. He was the fourth son of Samuel and Ruth (née Falley) Allen.
He received his early education at Westfield Academy and Franklin, Connecticut. He studied law in Baltimore in the office of William Wirt while running a school with a friend. But he found himself obliged to seek a more active life on account of his health.

## Career

In 1833, he went to Buffalo, New York, and involved himself in mercantile pursuits. His ambition was, through investments in land, to earn enough to take up a life of study and travel. The Panic of 1837 quashed these plans, and he passed the next seven years on his farm on the Niagara River.
In 1842, he started the American Agriculturist in partnership with his elder brother, Anthony B. Allen, but soon after left for New Orleans on a business venture. In 1847, he rejoined his brother, now in New York City, where he had established an agricultural business in connection with the journal. Richard L. Allen resided on Staten Island with his family. In 1856 American Agriculturist was sold to Orange Judd, and the brothers opened a warehouse for supplying improved agricultural implements.

## Personal life

In December 1834, he married Sarah Outram "Sally" Lyman (1812–1892), the daughter of the Hon. Jonathan Huntington Lyman and Sophia Hinckley Lyman. Together, they were the parents of:
* Richard Hinckley Allen (1838–1908), an amateur naturalist who married Mary Campbell Wallace.
* Mary Isabel Allen (1840–1908), who died unmarried in Northampton, Massachusetts.
* Huntington Lyman Allen (1843–1844), who died in infancy.
* Arthur Huntington Allen (1851–1923), a Presbyterian minister who married Agnes Crosby (1858–1891), daughter of the Rev. Dr. Howard Crosby, Chancellor of New York University.
In 1866, three members of Allen's family sailed for Europe. Allen was not able to join them until 1868, and died in Sweden in 1869.
Allen was a Presbyterian Church elder.

## Works

* A Brief Compend of American Agriculture, covering crops, animals and equipment (1847)
* History and Description of Domestic Animals, a revision of the portion of Compend on animals (New York, 1848)
* The American Farm Book, a revision of the portion of Compend on crops and equipment with illustrations (1849)
* The Diseases of Domestic Animals (1848)
* American Agriculture
* American Farmer's Muck-Book
* New American Farm Book, an update of the entire Compend (1869, another edition appeared in 1883, edited by Lewis F. Allen, Richard's brother)
* Domestic Animals. (1865) subtitled History and Description of the Horse, Mule, Cattle, Sheep, Swine, Poultry and Farm Dogs. With direction for their Management, Breeding, Crossing, Rearing, Feeding and Preparation for a Profitable Market; also their Diseases and Remedies together with Full Directions for the Management of the Dairy (1865) New-York: Orange Judd.
# Glow (Reef album)

Glow is the second studio album by English rock band Reef. Produced by the band and George Drakoulias, the album was released on 27 January 1997 through Sony Soho Square and supported by the singles "Place Your Hands", "Come Back Brighter", "Consideration" and "Yer Old". Glow reached number one on the UK Albums Chart.

## Recording

Glow was produced by George Drakoulias and the band; Jim Scott handled recording for nearly every track bar "Don't You Like It?", "Higher Vibration" and "Yer Old", which were done by Richard Digby Smith. Scott mixed almost every songs, except for "Don't You Like It?" (which was done by Sylvia Massy) and "Yer Old" (done by Smith). Stephen Marcussen then mastered the album at Precision Mastering.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
In a retrospective assessment, Stephen Thomas Erlewine of music website AllMusic claimed that the album was "more focused and better than its predecessor [Replenish]" and describing it as "inspired" and "terrific". Rock music magazine Kerrang! ranked the album third on their 1997 "Albums of the Year" list.

## Track listing

All songs by Reef, all lyrics by Gary Stringer.

## Personnel

Personnel per booklet.

## Charts

Chart performance for Glow :
| Chart (1997) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 18 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 74 |
| Finnish Albums (Suomen virallinen lista) | 38 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 12 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 1 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^^$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Platinum | 300,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Alice McCoy (politician)

Alice Lucille McCoy (born March 29, 1948) is an American politician who served as a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives for District 35 from 1999 to 2006.

## Background

Elected to the South Dakota House of Representatives in 1998, she assumed office in 1999 and served until 2006.
Due to term limits, she could not run for re-election in 2006, and instead challenged State Senator Bill Napoli in the June 6, 2006 Republican primary. McCoy lost the nomination, receiving 35% of the vote.
McCoy lives in Rapid City, South Dakota. She and her husband, James McCoy, have two children.
# Narayan Ram Arya

Narayan Ram Arya is an Indian politician and a former member of the Indian National Congress. Arya was a member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly from Gangolihat Assembly constituency in Pithoragarh district from 2002 to 2007 and again from 2012 till 2017. He also served as a cabinet minister in the state government.

## Political career

Arya first entered the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly in 2002, winning the Gangolihat seat as a Congress candidate by defeating BJP's Jogaram Tamta with a margin of 470 votes. During his tenure, he served as a cabinet minister in the government led by Chief Minister N.D. Tiwari.
In the 2007 assembly elections, Arya lost to BJP candidate Joga Ram by 2,790 votes. He regained the seat in 2012, defeating BJP's Geeta Thakur, and was again appointed as a cabinet minister in the Congress government. However, in the 2017 elections, he lost to BJP's Meena Gangola by a margin of 805 votes. In 2022, he left the Congress after being denied a ticket and decided to contest as an independent candidate from Gangolihaat but he later withdrew his candidature and joined the Bharatiya Janata Party.
# Giovanni Battista Amici

Giovanni Battista Amici (Italian:; 25 March 1786 – 10 April 1863) was an Italian astronomer, microscopist, and botanist.
Amici was born in Modena, in present-day Italy. After studying at Bologna, he became professor of mathematics at Modena, and in 1831 was appointed inspector-general of studies in the Duchy of Modena. A few years later he was chosen director of the observatory at Florence, where he also lectured at the museum of natural history. Amici died in Florence in 1863.
His name is best known for the improvements he effected in the mirrors of reflecting telescopes and especially in the construction of the microscope. He was also a diligent and skillful observer, and busied himself not only with astronomical subjects, such as the double stars, the satellites of Jupiter and the measurement of the polar and equatorial diameters of the sun, but also with biological studies of the circulation of the sap in plants, the fructification of plants, infusoria etc. He was the first to observe the pollen tube.
He invented the dipleidoscope and also the direct vision prism.
The crater Amici on the Moon is named in his honour.
# J. Robert Carrier

J. Robert Carrier (June 29, 1925 – January 30, 2016) was an American politician from Maine. Carrier, a Democrat from Westbrook, served eight terms in the Maine House of Representatives between 1967 and 1986. First elected in 1966, he was re-elected three times and left the Legislature at the end of 1974. He returned to elected office in 1977 and continued until 1986.
Carrier was born in Lewiston and graduated from Lewiston High School. After graduating, he served in the Merchant Marines during World War II. He was also a Golden Gloves boxer. He earned a degree in business administration from the University of Maine while working at Westbrook's S. D. Warren Paper Mill. He worked the night shift at the mill in order to attend the University of Maine School of Law in Portland, where he was part of its original graduating class.
# Mandelonitrile

In organic chemistry, mandelonitrile is the nitrile of mandelic acid, or the cyanohydrin derivative of benzaldehyde. Small amounts of mandelonitrile occur in the pits of some fruits.

## Occurrence

Mandelonitrile is the aglycone part of the cyanogenic glycosides prunasin and amygdalin. Prunasin can be hydrolyzed by the enyzme prunase into glucose and mandelonitrile (for example, when an appleseed is digested in a ruminant's stomach).
The naturally occurring (R)-(+) enantiomer finds use as an intermediate in the preparation of optically active α-hydroxy carboxylic acids, α-hydroxy aldehydes, α-hydroxy ketones, and 2-amino alcohols.
Mandelonitrile can break down into cyanide and benzaldehyde, a reaction that can be catalyzed by the enzyme mandelonitrile lyase.

## Preparation

Racemic mandelonitrile may be prepared similar to many other cyanohydrins. In a one pot reaction, benzaldehyde is reacted with sodium bisulfite to give the corresponding adduct, which further reacts with aqueous sodium cyanide to give the racemic product:
# Vitaly Raevsky

Vitaliy Anatoliovich Raevskiy (Ukrainian: Віталій Анатолійович Раєвський, romanized: Vitalii Anatoliiovych Raievskyi; February 25, 1949 – 17 November 2014) was a Ukrainian major general of the reserves, who formerly formed and commanded all of the Ukrainian Airmobile Forces and before then was in the Soviet Airborne Troops.
From 1993 to 1998 he was the commander of the Ukrainian Airmobile Forces.

## Early career

Vitaliy Anatoliovich Raevskiy was born on February 25, 1949, in Khyriv, Lviv oblast Ukraine.

## Education

In 1966 Vitaliy Raevskiy began his education at the Odesa Artillery Institute, where he graduated in 1969.
During the 1978–1981 he attended Frunze Military Academy.
He also attended Voroshilov Military Academy of the USSR Army General Staff from 1989 until 1991.

## Assignments

* 1985–1987 – 56th Air Assault Brigade
* Airborne Division of Northern Group of Forces
* 2001-2002 - 242nd Training Centre
* Organized Ukrainian Airmobile Forces

## Awards and decorations

Vitaliy Anatoliovich Raevskiy earned the following decorations and awards:
* Order of the Red Banner
* Order of the Red Star
* Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR Third Class
* Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky – Second Class
* Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky – Third Class
* The Presentational Fire-Arm decoration – a Fort 12 pistol
# Rachel Martin

Rachel Martin is an American journalist for NPR. She previously co-hosted Morning Edition and was previously a producer and reporter for KQED in San Francisco.

## Early life and education

Martin was born in Salt Lake City, Utah and raised in Idaho Falls, Idaho where she graduated from Idaho Falls High School. She graduated from University of Puget Sound in Tacoma, Washington with a bachelor's degree in politics and government in 1996, and from the School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University in New York City with a master's degree in international affairs in 2003.

## Career

Martin was a producer and reporter for KQED in San Francisco. In 2003, Martin was a freelance reporter in Afghanistan, also for NPR. From 2005 to 2007, she was foreign correspondent for NPR. In 2007, she covered the Virginia Tech shooting. In 2008, she was a correspondent for ABC News. Martin was one of the hosts of NPR's The Bryant Park Project, a New York-based experimental morning news program designed to attract a younger demographic.
In 2010, Martin was National Security Correspondent for NPR, during which time she reported on the US' counterinsurgency efforts. She took over as host of Weekend Edition Sunday in 2012, shortly after longtime host Liane Hansen stepped down. She became a co-host of Morning Edition in 2016 when Renée Montagne stepped down. She left the show in early 2023. Having previously worked as the network's religion correspondent from 2006 to 2007, Martin is the creator of Enlighten Me, an NPR special series on religion, spirituality, and meaning.
# Jimmye Laycock Football Center

37°16′25″N 76°42′55″W﻿ / ﻿37.2735°N 76.7152°W﻿ / 37.2735; -76.7152
The Jimmye Laycock Football Center (JLFC) is a football facility for The College of William & Mary Tribe in Williamsburg, Virginia, USA. The $11 million, 30,000-square-foot (2,800 m$^2$) building was constructed right next to Zable Stadium where the Tribe play all home games. The facility is named after William & Mary's most successful football coach Jimmye Laycock, and the cost of the project was funded entirely through private donations.
The JLFC was dedicated on June 21, 2008, and among those in attendance were former William & Mary wide receiver and present Pittsburgh Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin (Class of 1994), former Buffalo Bills head coach Marv Levy, then-Virginia Tech Hokies football head coach Frank Beamer, and former William & Mary athletic director Jim Copeland.
# John M. Philbrook

John M. Philbrook (1840–1923) was an American politician from Maine. A Republican, Philbrook served a term in the Maine House of Representatives (1893–1894) and in the Maine Senate (1903–1904) from Bethel, Maine. He also served as an Oxford County Commissioner. The John Philbrook House in Bethel was built by Philbrook and is named in his honor. It is on the National Register of Historic Places.
Philbrook was born in 1840 in Shelburne, New Hampshire and studied at Gould Academy in Bethel before settling there in 1862.
# Frederick A. Powers

Frederick Alton Powers (June 19, 1855 in Pittsfield, Maine – February 13, 1923) was Attorney General of Maine from 1893 to 1897 and a justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court from January 2, 1900 to 1907.
Powers graduated from Maine Central Institute in 1871, and from Bowdoin College in 1875, and read law with his brother Llewellyn in Houlton, Maine.
He served in the Maine State Legislature from 1885 to 1889, and in the Maine State Senate from 1891 to 1892.
Powers owned significant amounts of real estate, such that it was said:
   He ([Llewellyn Powers]) can count his possessions by the township, and they aggregate no less than one hundred and ninety thousand acres. The holdings of himself and his brother, Hon. Frederick A. Powers, attorney-general of Maine, amount to a quarter of a million acres.
He died in his winter home in Florida.

## Family

Powers was the son of Arba Powers and Naomi Matthews Powers. On June 6, 1879, he married May Hussey.