# Demographics of Newfoundland and Labrador

Newfoundland and Labrador is a province of Canada on the country's Atlantic coast in northeastern North America. The province has an area of 405,212 square kilometres (100,130,000 acres) and a population in 2024 of 545,880, with approximately 95% of the provincial population residing on the Island of Newfoundland (including its associated smaller islands), with more than half of the population residing on the Avalon Peninsula. People from Newfoundland and Labrador are called "Newfoundlanders," "Labradorians" (as appropriate), or "Newfoundlanders and Labradorians".

## Population history

Since entering confederation, Newfoundland and Labrador has always been ranked 9th among provinces in population.
Source: Statistics Canada

## Population geography
### Cities and towns

Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations in the province by population
| Urban Area | 2016 |
| St. John's (CMA) | 205,955 |
| Corner Brook (CA) | 31,917 |
| Grand Falls-Windsor (CA) | 14,171 |
| Gander (CA) | 13,234 |
| Bay Roberts (CA) | 11,083 |

### Municipalities by population

Municipalities in the province by population are :
| Rank | Municipality | 2016 |
| 1 | St. John's | 110,525 |
| 2 | Conception Bay South | 27,168 |
| 3 | Paradise | 22,957 |
| 4 | Mount Pearl | 22,477 |
| 5 | Corner Brook | 19,333 |
| 6 | Grand Falls-Windsor | 13,853 |
| 7 | Gander | 11,880 |
| 8 | Portugal Cove-St. Philip's | 8,415 |
| 9 | Happy Valley-Goose Bay | 8,040 |
| 10 | Torbay | 7,852 |
| 11 | Labrador City | 7,220 |
| 12 | Stephenville | 6,540 |
| 13 | Clarenville | 6,704 |
| 14 | Bay Roberts | 5,974 |
| 15 | Marystown | 5,974 |
| 16 | Deer Lake | 4,864 |
| 17 | Carbonear | 4,696 |
| 18 | Channel-Port aux Basques | 3,547 |
| 19 | Pasadena | 3,524 |
| 20 | Placentia | 3,289 |
| 21 | Bonavista | 3,190 |
| 22 | Lewisporte | 3,288 |
| 23 | Bishop's Falls | 3,156 |
| 24 | Harbour Grace | 2,995 |
| 25 | Springdale | 2,971 |
| 26 | Botwood | 2,875 |
| 27 | Spaniard's Bay | 2,653 |
| 28 | Holyrood | 2,463 |
| 29 | Burin | 2,315 |
| 30 | Grand Bank | 2,310 |
| 31 | St. Anthony | 2,258 |
| 32 | Fogo Island | 2,244 |
| 33 | Logy Bay-Middle Cove-Outer Cove | 2,221 |
| 34 | Twillingate | 2,196 |
| 35 | New-Wes-Valley | 2,172 |
| 36 | Wabana | 2,146 |
| 37 | Glovertown | 2,083 |
| 38 | Pouch Cove | 2,069 |
| 39 | Kippens | 2,008 |
| 40 | Gambo | 1,978 |
| 41 | Wabush | 1,906 |
| 42 | Trinity Bay North | 1,819 |
| 43 | Victoria | 1,800 |
| 44 | Stephenville Crossing | 1,719 |
| 45 | Flatrock | 1,683 |
| 46 | Harbour Breton | 1,634 |
| 47 | Massey Drive | 1,632 |
| 48 | Witless Bay | 1,619 |
| 49 | Humber Arm South | 1,599 |
| 50 | Upper Island Cove | 1,561 |
| 51 | Clarke's Beach | 1,558 |
| 52 | Bay Bulls | 1,500 |
| 53 | Irishtown-Summerside | 1,418 |
| 54 | Fortune | 1,401 |
| 55 | Baie Verte | 1,313 |
| 56 | Burgeo | 1,307 |
| 57 | St. George's | 1,203 |
| 58 | St. Lawrence | 1,192 |
| 59 | St. Alban's | 1,186 |
| 60 | Centreville-Wareham-Trinity | 1,147 |
| 61 | Nain | 1,125 |
| 62 | Harbour Main-Chapel's Cove-Lakeview | 1,067 |
| 63 | Sheshatshiu | 1,023 |
| 64 | Roddickton-Bide Arm | 999 |
| 65 | Musgrave Harbour | 990 |
| 66 | Triton | 983 |
| 67 | Hare Bay | 969 |
| 68 | Petty Harbour-Maddox Cove | 960 |
| 69 | Samiajij Miawpukek | 956 |
| 70 | Arnold's Cove | 949 |
| 71 | Rocky Harbour | 947 |
| 72 | Natuashish | 936 |
| 73 | Summerford | 906 |
| 74 | Whitbourne | 890 |
| 75 | LaScie | 872 |
| 76 | Cape St. George | 853 |
| 77 | Peterview | 828 |
| 78 | Robert's Arm | 805 |
| 79 | Port aux Choix | 789 |
| 80 | Glenwood | 778 |
| 81 | Milltown-Head of Bay D'Espoir | 749 |
| 82 | Mount Moriah | 746 |
| 83 | Cupids | 743 |
| 84 | Carmanville | 740 |
| 85 | Norris Arm | 737 |
| 86 | Brigus | 723 |
| 87 | Badger | 704 |
| 88 | Embree | 701 |
| 89 | Cox's Cove | 688 |
| 90 | Conception Harbour | 685 |
| 91 | Salmon Cove | 680 |
| 92 | Heart's Delight-Islington | 674 |
| 93 | Port Saunders | 674 |
| 94 | Norris Point | 670 |
| 95 | Norman's Cove-Long Cove | 666 |
| 96 | Isle aux Morts | 664 |
| 97 | Dover | 662 |
| 98 | King's Point | 659 |
| 99 | Colliers | 654 |
| 100 | South River | 647 |
| 101 | Buchans | 642 |
| 102 | Avondale | 641 |
| 103 | Old Perlican | 633 |
| 104 | Meadows | 626 |
| 105 | Lawn | 624 |
| 106 | Burnt Islands | 622 |
| 107 | St. Lunaire-Griquet | 604 |
| 108 | Port Blandford | 601 |
| 109 | Cormack | 597 |
| 110 | Point Leamington | 591 |
| 111 | St. Jacques-Coomb's Cove | 588 |
| 112 | Port au Port East | 579 |
| 113 | Appleton | 574 |
| 114 | Hopedale | 574 |
| 115 | North River | 570 |
| 116 | Garnish | 568 |
| 117 | Musgravetown | 564 |
| 118 | L'Anse au Loup | 558 |
| 119 | Trout River | 552 |
| 120 | Birchy Bay | 550 |
| 121 | North West River | 547 |
| 122 | Lewin's Cove | 544 |
| 123 | McIvers | 538 |
| 124 | Englee | 527 |
| 125 | Lark Harbour | 522 |
| 126 | Reidville | 509 |
| 127 | Eastport | 501 |
| 128 | Lumsden | 501 |
| 129 | Cape Broyle | 489 |
| 130 | South Brook | 482 |
| 131 | Terrenceville | 482 |
| 132 | Trepassey | 481 |
| 133 | Middle Arm | 474 |
| 134 | Lourdes | 465 |
| 135 | Chapel Arm | 457 |
| 136 | Bauline | 452 |
| 137 | Campbellton | 452 |
| 138 | Winterton | 450 |
| 139 | Port au Port West-Aguathuna-Felix Cove | 449 |
| 140 | Ramea | 447 |
| 141 | Steady Brook | 444 |
| 142 | St. Bernard's-Jacques Fontaine | 433 |
| 143 | Hampden | 429 |
| 144 | Cow Head | 428 |
| 145 | Cartwright | 427 |
| 146 | Northern Arm | 426 |
| 147 | Hermitage-Sandyville | 422 |
| 148 | Ferryland | 414 |
| 149 | Port Hope Simpson | 412 |
| 150 | Gillams | 410 |
| 151 | Forteau | 409 |
| 152 | Comfort Cove-Newstead | 407 |
| 153 | Sunnyside | 396 |
| 154 | Bryant's Cove | 395 |
| 155 | Rose Blanche-Harbour le Cou | 394 |
| 156 | Bay de Verde | 392 |
| 157 | Winterland | 390 |
| 158 | Small Point-Adam's Cove-Blackhead-Broad Cove | 387 |
| 159 | Makkovik | 377 |
| 160 | Belleoram | 374 |
| 161 | Whiteway | 373 |
| 162 | Southern Harbour | 369 |
| 163 | Mount Carmel-Mitchells Brook-St. Catharine's | 349 |
| 164 | St. Mary's | 347 |
| 165 | Parson's Pond | 345 |
| 166 | York Harbour | 344 |
| 167 | Mary's Harbour | 341 |
| 168 | Heart's Content | 340 |
| 169 | Port Rexton | 340 |
| 170 | Hant's Harbour | 329 |
| 171 | Fermeuse | 325 |
| 172 | Ming's Bight | 319 |
| 173 | Hawke's Bay | 315 |
| 174 | Anchor Point | 314 |
| 175 | Burlington | 314 |
| 176 | St. Vincent's-St. Stephen's-Peter's River | 313 |
| 177 | Elliston | 308 |
| 178 | Rigolet | 305 |
| 179 | Seal Cove (White Bay) | 303 |
| 180 | Renews-Cappahayden | 301 |
| 181 | Fox Cove-Mortier | 295 |
| 182 | Pilley's Cove | 294 |
| 183 | Leading Tickles | 292 |
| 184 | Charlottetown | 290 |
| 185 | Bishop's Cove | 287 |
| 186 | Jackson's Arm | 284 |
| 187 | Woody Point | 282 |
| 188 | Little Burnt Bay | 281 |
| 189 | Cottlesville | 271 |
| 190 | Flower's Cove | 270 |
| 191 | Lamaline | 267 |
| 192 | Traytown | 267 |
| 193 | Greenspond | 266 |
| 194 | Baytona | 262 |
| 195 | Chance Cove | 256 |
| 196 | Hughes Brook | 255 |
| 197 | Daniel's Harbour | 253 |
| 198 | Fox Harbour | 252 |
| 199 | St. Bride's | 252 |
| 200 | Parkers Cove | 248 |
| 201 | Rushoon | 245 |
| 202 | Fleur de Lys | 244 |
| 203 | Main Brook | 243 |
| 204 | Seal Cove (Fortune Bay) | 242 |
| 205 | Bay L'Argent | 241 |
| 206 | St. Pauls | 238 |
| 207 | Grand le Pierre | 235 |
| 208 | Gaskiers-Point La Haye | 232 |
| 209 | Point May | 231 |
| 210 | Sandringham | 229 |
| 211 | Branch | 228 |
| 212 | Come By Chance | 228 |
| 213 | Glenburnie-Birchy Head-Shoal Brook | 224 |
| 214 | L'Anse-au-Clair | 216 |
| 215 | River of Ponds | 215 |
| 216 | Heart's Desire | 213 |
| 217 | Change Islands | 208 |
| 218 | Howley | 205 |
| 219 | Happy Adventure | 200 |
| 220 | Westport | 195 |
| 221 | St. Lewis | 194 |
| 222 | Pool's Cove | 193 |
| 223 | Woodstock | 190 |
| 224 | Red Harbour | 189 |
| 225 | Brighton | 188 |
| 226 | New Perlican | 186 |
| 227 | Long Harbour-Mount Arlington Heights | 185 |
| 228 | Riverhead | 185 |
| 229 | Bird Cove | 179 |
| 230 | Crow Head | 177 |
| 231 | Postville | 177 |
| 232 | Raleigh | 177 |
| 233 | Indian Bay | 175 |
| 234 | Goose Cove East | 174 |
| 235 | Conche | 170 |
| 236 | Frenchman's Cove | 169 |
| 237 | Red Bay | 169 |
| 238 | Trinity | 169 |
| 239 | Lushes Bight-Beaumount-Beaumont North | 168 |
| 240 | Pacquet | 164 |
| 241 | Lord's Cove | 162 |
| 242 | Brent's Cove | 157 |
| 243 | Point of Bay | 154 |
| 244 | Portugal Cove South | 150 |
| 245 | St. Brendan's | 145 |
| 246 | English Harbour East | 139 |
| 247 | Recontre East | 139 |
| 248 | Gaultois | 136 |
| 249 | Admirals Beach | 135 |
| 250 | Beachside | 132 |
| 251 | Point Anson | 130 |
| 252 | Little Bay East | 127 |
| 253 | Baine Harbour | 124 |
| 254 | Salvage | 124 |
| 255 | Cook's Harbour | 123 |
| 256 | Sandy Cove | 122 |
| 257 | St. Joseph's | 115 |
| 258 | West St. Modeste | 111 |
| 259 | Coachman's Cove | 105 |
| 260 | Little Bay | 105 |
| 261 | Miles Cove | 104 |
| 262 | Point Lance | 102 |
| 263 | Morrisville | 101 |
| 264 | King's Cove | 90 |
| 265 | Pinware | 88 |
| 266 | Point au Gaul | 88 |
| 267 | Nippers Harbour | 85 |
| 268 | Millertown | 81 |
| 269 | Aquaforte | 80 |
| 270 | Colinet | 80 |
| 271 | Terra Nova | 73 |
| 272 | Little Bay Islands | 71 |
| 273 | St. Shott's | 66 |
| 274 | Bellburns | 53 |
| 275 | Port Kirwan | 52 |
| 276 | Keels | 51 |
| 278 | Gallants | 50 |
| 279 | Duntara | 30 |
| 280 | Sally's Cove | 20 |
| 281 | Tilt Cove | 5 |

## Ethnicity

More than half the population identified their ethnocultural ancestry as Canadian, while two-fifths identified English ancestry, and one-fifth identified Irish ancestry. However Canadian is written on the census first, and many people write in other ethnic groups after it which are listed in another section, so numbers do not represent accurate responses to ethnicity. Canadian is a citizenship almost no one identifies with culturally outside of forced census questions.
More than 100,000 Newfoundlanders have applied for membership in the Qalipu Mi'kmaq First Nation Band, equivalent to one-fifth of the total population.
| Ethnicity | 2001 | % |
| Canadian | 271,345 | 43.41% |
| English | 200,120 | 39.39% |
| Irish | 100,260 | 19.73% |
| Scottish | 30,295 | 5.96% |
| French | 27,785 | 5.47% |
| Indigenous | 16,030 | 3.16% |
| Inuit | 7,445 | 1.47% |
| German | 6,275 | 1.24% |
| Métis | 6,120 | 1.20% |
| Newfoundlander | 3,585 | 0.71% |
| Welsh | 2,790 | 0.55% |
| Dutch (Netherlands) | 1,385 | 0.27% |
| Italian | 1,180 | 0.23% |
| Norwegian | 1,180 | 0.23% |
| Chinese | 1,110 | 0.22% |
| American (USA) | 1,065 | 0.21% |
| East Indian | 940 | 0.19% |
| British | 925 | 0.18% |
| Spanish | 765 | 0.15% |
| Portuguese | 735 | 0.14% |
| Polish | 665 | 0.13% |
| Swedish | 655 | 0.13% |
| Ukrainian | 580 | 0.11% |
| Lebanese | 515 | 0.10% |
| Danish | 455 | 0.09% |
| Jewish | 370 | 0.07% |
| Filipino | 340 | 0.07% |
| Russian | 285 | 0.06% |
| Greek | 245 | 0.05% |
| Hungarian (Magyar) | 245 | 0.05% |
| Austrian | 225 | 0.04% |
| African (Black), n.i.e. | 180 | 0.04% |
| Egyptian | 165 | 0.03% |
| Finnish | 145 | 0.03% |
| Black | 120 | 0.02% |
| Jamaican | 120 | 0.02% |
| Acadian | 115 | 0.02% |
| Arab, n.i.e. | 115 | 0.02% |
| Belgian | 115 | 0.02% |
| Czech | 115 | 0.02% |
| Romanian | 115 | 0.02% |
| South African | 105 | 0.02% |
The same data on ethnocultural ancestry, grouped more geographically by Statistics Canada, are shown below:
| Origins | 2001 | % |
| North American | 274,755 | 54.08% |
| British Isles | 266,010 | 52.36% |
| Aboriginal | 28,065 | 5.52% |
| French | 27,835 | 5.48% |
| Western European | 7,705 | 1.52% |
| Southern European | 3,285 | 0.65% |
| Northern European | 2,510 | 0.49% |
| Eastern European | 2,050 | 0.40% |
| East and Southeast Asian | 1,685 | 0.33% |
| Origins | 2001 | % |
| South Asian | 1,110 | 0.22% |
| Arab | 915 | 0.18% |
| Other European | 520 | 0.10% |
| African | 465 | 0.09% |
| Caribbean | 270 | 0.05% |
| West Asian | 130 | 0.03% |
| Latin, Central and South American | 75 | 0.01% |
| Oceania | 45 | 0.01% |
Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (508,075) and may total more than 100% due to dual responses. Only groups of more than 0.02% are shown

## Visible minorities and Indigenous peoples

Indigenous and visible minority identity (2021):
Visible minority and Indigenous population (Canada 2021 Census) :
| Population group | Population group | Population | % |
| European | European | 438,700 | 87.4% |
| Visible minority group | South Asian | 4,545 | 0.9% |
| Visible minority group | Chinese | 2,005 | 0.4% |
| Visible minority group | Black | 3,590 | 0.7% |
| Visible minority group | Filipino | 2,270 | 0.5% |
| Visible minority group | Arab | 1,740 | 0.3% |
| Visible minority group | Latin American | 755 | 0.2% |
| Visible minority group | Southeast Asian | 505 | 0.1% |
| Visible minority group | West Asian | 550 | 0.1% |
| Visible minority group | Korean | 220 | 0.0% |
| Visible minority group | Japanese | 85 | 0.0% |
| Visible minority group | Visible minority, n.i.e. | 205 | 0.0% |
| Visible minority group | Multiple visible minorities | 395 | 0.1% |
| Total visible minority population | Total visible minority population | 16,855 | 3.4% |
| Indigenous group | First Nations (North American Indian) | 28,435 | 5.7% |
| Indigenous group | Métis | 7,335 | 1.5% |
| Indigenous group | Inuk (Inuit) | 7,330 | 1.5% |
| Indigenous group | Multiple Indigenous responses | 685 | 0.1% |
| Indigenous group | Indigenous responses n.i.e. | 2,765 | 0.6% |
| Total Indigenous population | Total Indigenous population | 46,545 | 9.3% |
| Total population | Total population | 502,100 | 100.0% |

## Languages
### Knowledge of languages

The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. The following figures are from the 2021 Canadian Census, and lists languages that were selected by at least 0.2 per cent of respondents.
Knowledge of languages in Newfoundland and Labrador :
| Language | 2021 | 2021 |
| Language | Pop. | % |
| English | 501,135 | 99.81% |
| French | 26,130 | 5.2% |
| Arabic | 2,195 | 0.44% |
| Spanish | 2,085 | 0.42% |
| Innu (Montagnais) | 1,925 | 0.38% |
| Tagalog | 1,810 | 0.36% |
| Hindi | 1,565 | 0.31% |
| Mandarin | 1,170 | 0.23% |
| German | 1,075 | 0.21% |
| Punjabi | 1,040 | 0.21% |
| Bengali | 875 | 0.17% |
| American Sign Language | 875 | 0.17% |

### Mother tongue

Languages of Newfoundland and Labrador (2016):
The 2006 Canadian census showed a population of 505,469. Of the 499,830 singular responses to the census question concerning mother tongue the most commonly reported languages were:
| | | 2006 | % | 2001 | % |
| 1. | English | 488,405 | 97.71% | 499,750 | 98.49% |
| 2. | French | 1,885 | 0.38% | 2,180 | 0.43% |
| 3. | Algonquian languages | 1,625 | 0.33% | 1,510 | 0.30% |
| | Montagnais–Naskapi | 1,585 | 0.32% | 1,495 | 0.29% |
| 4. | Chinese | 1,080 | 0.22% | 525 | 0.10% |
| | Cantonese | 185 | 0.04% | 55 | 0.01% |
| | Mandarin | 120 | 0.02% | 25 | ~ |
| 5. | Spanish | 670 | 0.13% | 50 | 0.01% |
| 6. | German | 655 | 0.13% | 340 | 0.07% |
| 7. | Inuktitut | 595 | 0.12% | 550 | 0.11% |
| 8. | Urdu | 550 | 0.11% | 90 | 0.02% |
| 9. | Arabic | 540 | 0.11% | 210 | 0.04% |
| 10. | Dutch | 300 | 0.06% | 95 | 0.02% |
| 11. | Russian | 225 | 0.05% | 75 | 0.01% |
| 12. | Scandinavian languages | 220 | 0.04% | 125 | 0.02% |
| | Norwegian | 85 | 0.02% | 40 | 0.01% |
| | Danish | 65 | 0.01% | 55 | 0.01% |
| | Swedish | 65 | 0.01% | 25 | ~ |
| 13. | Italian | 195 | 0.04% | 115 | 0.02% |
| 14. | Germanic languages n.i.e. | 180 | 0.04% | 75 | 0.01% |
| 15. | Tagalog (Filipino) | 180 | 0.04% | 130 | 0.03% |
| 16. | Serbo-Croatian (all) | 170 | 0.03% | 130 | 0.03% |
| | Serbian | 135 | 0.03% | 15 | ~ |
| | Croatian | 35 | 0.01% | 40 | 0.01% |
| | Serbo-Croatian | 0 | ~ | 75 | 0.01% |
| | | 2006 | % | 2001 | % |
| 17. | Bengali | 165 | 0.03% | 55 | 0.01% |
| 18. | Portuguese | 150 | 0.03% | 105 | 0.02% |
| 19. | Hungarian | 140 | 0.03% | 45 | 0.01% |
| 20. | Panjabi (Punjabi) | 120 | 0.02% | 95 | 0.02% |
| 21. | African languages n.i.e. | 100 | 0.02% | 10 | ~ |
| 21. | Non-verbal languages | 100 | 0.02% | N | N |
| 23. | Bantu languages | 95 | 0.02% | 0 | ~ |
| 23. | Bulgarian | 95 | 0.02% | 75 | 0.01% |
| 25. | Niger–Congo languages n.i.e. | 85 | 0.13% | 40 | 0.1% |
| 26. | Romanian | 75 | 0.02% | 15 | ~ |
| 27. | Greek | 70 | 0.01% | 40 | 0.01% |
| 27. | Japanese | 70 | 0.01% | 45 | 0.01% |
| 29. | Telugu | 65 | 0.01% | 45 | 0.01% |
| 30. | Persian | 60 | 0.01% | 70 | 0.01% |
| 30. | Ukrainian | 60 | 0.01% | 20 | ~ |
| 32. | Czech | 50 | 0.01% | 15 | ~ |
| 32. | Gujarati | 50 | 0.01% | 50 | 0.01% |
| 32. | Hindi | 50 | 0.01% | 55 | 0.01% |
| 32. | Korean | 50 | 0.01% | 50 | 0.01% |
| 36. | Malayalam | 40 | 0.01% | 10 | ~ |
| 37. | Turkish | 40 | 0.01% | 25 | ~ |
| 38. | Welsh | 35 | 0.01% | 20 | ~ |
| 39. | Gaelic languages | 30 | 0.01% | 10 | ~ |
| 40. |
Note: "n.i.e.": not included elsewhere
There were also about 25 single-language responses for Amharic, 25 for Bisayan languages, 20 for Sinhala and 20 for Slovak. In addition, there were also 435 responses of English and a non-official language; 30 of French and a non-official language; 295 of English and French; and 10 of English, French, and a non-official language. (Figures shown are for the number of single language responses and the percentage of total single-language responses.)

## Religion

A 93.2% majority of Newfoundlanders identify as Christian. Among this group, Roman Catholics form a plurality of 38.4%. As Newfoundland and Labrador has received less recent immigration than the rest of Canada, a relatively small number of Christian denominations are represented in the province.
One well-established feature of Newfoundland's religious landscape is the Salvation Army, whose members are more widespread in Newfoundland and Labrador than any other province. Also notable are missionaries of the Moravian Church, who have a long history with the Labrador Inuit of Nunatsiavut, although they were not active in other regions of the province.
Religious groups in Newfoundland and Labrador (1981−2021) :
| Religious group | 2021 | 2021 | 2011 | 2011 | 2001 | 2001 | 1991 | 1991 | 1981 | 1981 |
| Religious group | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % |
| Christianity | 413,915 | 82.44% | 472,720 | 93.19% | 493,485 | 97.13% | 553,230 | 98.1% | 557,225 | 98.84% |
| Irreligion | 80,330 | 16% | 31,330 | 6.18% | 12,865 | 2.53% | 9,270 | 1.64% | 5,605 | 0.99% |
| Islam | 3,995 | 0.8% | 1,200 | 0.24% | 625 | 0.12% | 300 | 0.05% | 100 | 0.02% |
| Hinduism | 1,200 | 0.24% | 635 | 0.13% | 400 | 0.08% | 445 | 0.08% | 315 | 0.06% |
| Sikhism | 855 | 0.17% | 100 | 0.02% | 130 | 0.03% | 130 | 0.02% | 65 | 0.01% |
| Buddhism | 490 | 0.1% | 400 | 0.08% | 180 | 0.04% | 105 | 0.02% | 135 | 0.02% |
| Judaism | 240 | 0.05% | 175 | 0.03% | 140 | 0.03% | 125 | 0.02% | 220 | 0.04% |
| Indigenous spirituality | 105 | 0.02% | 30 | 0.01% | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Other | 965 | 0.19% | 685 | 0.14% | 250 | 0.05% | 335 | 0.06% | 65 | 0.01% |
| Total responses | 502,100 | 98.34% | 507,270 | 98.59% | 508,075 | 99.05% | 563,940 | 99.2% | 563,750 | 99.31% |
| Total population | 510,550 | 100% | 514,536 | 100% | 512,930 | 100% | 568,475 | 100% | 567,681 | 100% |

## Migration
### Immigration

Newfoundland and Labrador Immigration Statistics$^{:247}$$^{:75}$$^{:108}$ :
| Year | Immigrant percentage | Immigrant population | Total population |
| 1857 | 12.4% | 15,239 | 122,638 |
| 1869 | 6.9% | 10,158 | 146,536 |
| 1951 | 1.1% | 3,829 | 361,416 |
| 1961 | 1.4% | 6,269 | 457,853 |
| 1971 | 1.7% | 8,945 | 522,105 |
The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 14,250 persons or 2.8 percent of the total population of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Immigrants in Newfoundland and Labrador by country of birth :
| Country of Birth | 2021 | 2021 | 2016 | 2016 | 2011 | 2011 | 2006 | 2006 | 2001 | 2001 |
| Country of Birth | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % |
| United Kingdom | 2,300 | 16.1% | 2,215 | 18.3% | 2,490 | 27.2% | 2,335 | 27.9% | 2,595 | 32.3% |
| Philippines | 1,650 | 11.6% | 855 | 7.1% | 155 | 1.7% | 165 | 2% | 175 | 2.2% |
| United States of America | 1,390 | 9.8% | 1,540 | 12.8% | 1,575 | 17.2% | 1,400 | 16.7% | 1,600 | 19.9% |
| India | 835 | 5.9% | 635 | 5.3% | 375 | 4.1% | 435 | 5.2% | 465 | 5.8% |
| China | 630 | 4.4% | 835 | 6.9% | 515 | 5.6% | 340 | 4.1% | 240 | 3% |
| Syria | 485 | 3.4% | 315 | 2.6% | 10 | 0.1% | 10 | 0.1% | 15 | 0.2% |
| Nigeria | 455 | 3.2% | 190 | 1.6% | 105 | 1.1% | 10 | 0.1% | 20 | 0.2% |
| Ireland | 290 | 2% | 180 | 1.5% | 180 | 2% | 150 | 1.8% | 135 | 1.7% |
| Germany | 245 | 1.7% | 365 | 3% | 320 | 3.5% | 385 | 4.6% | 400 | 5% |
| Bangladesh | 230 | 1.6% | 160 | 1.3% | 120 | 1.3% | 45 | 0.5% | 35 | 0.4% |
| Total immigrants | 14,250 | 2.8% | 12,075 | 2.4% | 9,160 | 1.8% | 8,380 | 1.7% | 8,030 | 1.6% |
| Total responses | 502,100 | 98.3% | 512,255 | 98.6% | 507,270 | 98.6% | 500,605 | 99% | 508,075 | 99.1% |
| Total population | 510,550 | 100% | 519,716 | 100% | 514,536 | 100% | 505,469 | 100% | 512,930 | 100% |

### Recent immigration

The 2021 Canadian census counted a total of 4,270 people who immigrated to Newfoundland and Labrador between 2016 and 2021.
Recent immigrants to Newfoundland and Labrador by Country of birth (2016 to 2021) :
| Country of Birth | Population | % recent immigrants |
| Philippines | 940 | 22% |
| Syria | 400 | 9.4% |
| India | 325 | 7.6% |
| Nigeria | 300 | 7% |
| China | 195 | 4.6% |
| United States of America | 145 | 3.4% |
| Jamaica | 140 | 3.3% |
| United Kingdom | 125 | 2.9% |
| Pakistan | 105 | 2.5% |
| Eritrea | 100 | 2.3% |
| Total | 4,270 | 100% |

### Interprovincial migration

Since it started being recorded in 1971, Newfoundland and Labrador is the province that has lost the biggest share of its population to interprovincial migration, which was especially high in the 1990s. Out-migration from the province was curtailed in 2008 and net migration stayed positive through 2014, when it again dropped due to bleak finances and rising unemployment (caused by falling oil prices). With the announcement of the 2016 provincial budget, St. John's Telegram American-born columnist Russell Wangersky published the column "Get out if you can", which urged young Newfoundlanders to leave the province to avoid future hardships which never occurred.
Interprovincial migration in Newfoundland and Labrador :
| | In-migrants | Out-migrants | Net migration |
| 2008–09 | 10,262 | 8,385 | 1,877 |
| 2009–10 | 8,998 | 7,440 | 1,558 |
| 2010–11 | 7,785 | 7,755 | 30 |
| 2011–12 | 8,173 | 7,628 | 545 |
| 2012–13 | 7,283 | 6,788 | 495 |
| 2013–14 | 6,994 | 6,760 | 234 |
| 2014–15 | 7,012 | 6,851 | 161 |
| 2015–16 | 6,600 | 6,368 | 232 |
| 2016–17 | 5,400 | 6,830 | −1,430 |
| 2017–18 | 5,187 | 7,920 | −2,733 |
| 2018–19 | 5,207 | 9,706 | −4,501 |
Source: Statistics Canada