OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joint Victory Campaign 2004

The Joint Victory Campaign 2004 (JVC 2004) was a prominent political fundraising entity during the 2004 U.S. presidential election, operating as a 527 organization—a tax-exempt group engaged in political activities under Section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code. Established collaboratively by America Coming Together (ACT) and the Media Fund, JVC 2004 functioned as a joint fundraising committee, with its proceeds divided between these two organizations to support their respective political initiatives.

## Formation

Formed in late 2003, JVC 2004 was led by Steve Rosenthal and Harold Ickes, both prominent figures in Democratic political circles. The campaign served as the chief fundraising entity for the so-called Shadow Party—a network of nonprofit activist groups organized to promote Democratic Party agendas and candidates during the 2004 election cycle.

## Financial activities

In the 2004 election cycle, JVC 2004 emerged as one of the most significant 527 groups in terms of financial activity. It reported total receipts of approximately $71.8 million (equivalent to $115,821,142 in 2023) and expenditures around $72.6 million (equivalent to $117,111,628 in 2023), ranking second among federally focused 527 organizations for that period.
The campaign attracted substantial contributions from several high-profile donors, including financier George Soros, insurance executive Peter B. Lewis, film producer Steve Bing, and philanthropist Linda Pritzker. These individuals were part of a broader group of affluent donors who collectively contributed millions to JVC 2004.

## Allocation of funds

The funds raised by JVC 2004 were allocated to its parent organizations, ACT and The Media Fund, each playing distinct roles in the campaign landscape. ACT focused on voter mobilization and registration efforts, aiming to increase electoral participation among demographics likely to support Democratic candidates. The Media Fund concentrated on producing and disseminating political advertisements critical of Republican candidates, particularly President George W. Bush.

## Impact and legacy

JVC 2004 and similar 527 organizations during the 2004 election cycle operated in a regulatory environment shaped by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002, which imposed new restrictions on traditional party fundraising mechanisms. Consequently, 527 organizations became instrumental in channeling substantial financial resources into political campaigns, operating in a space that allowed for significant contributions outside the limits applied to direct candidate support.
# Heman the Ezrahite

Heman the Ezrahite (Hebrew: הֵימָן הָאֶזְרָחִי‎ Hēmān hā’Ezrāḥī) is the author of Psalm 88 in the Hebrew Bible, according to the Psalm's colophon.
B. Bava Batra connects the name Heman to the semitic root אמנ (ʔ-m-n) meaning "trusted," while CYDA speculates it is from נתן (n-t-n) and means "given." It is found sixteen times in the New International Version of the Bible. The ethnonym is sometimes understood to mean "of Zerah," with the aleph prosthetic, to mean "of Ezrah," or, alternatively, to mean "the native" who founded a tradition of bards.
Heman the Ezrahite may be one of the three Levites assigned by King David to be ministers of music. This Heman was a grandson of Samuel the prophet who went on to become King David's seer and to have fourteen sons and three daughters.

## Works

Psalm 88 seems to have been written in a state of despair. According to Martin Marty, a professor of church history at the University of Chicago, Psalm 88 is “a wintry landscape of unrelieved bleakness.”
Nevertheless, the appeal to God in Psalm 88 begins with the following expression of faith: "O Yahweh, God of my salvation!" Three times (vss. 1, 9, and 13) the psalmist calls on the name of Yahweh. The psalmist accompanies each invocation with a reference to his perseverance in prayer. For example, in verse nine he declares, "I call on you, O Yahweh, every day."

## In literature

Madeleine L'Engle has a poem called "Herman the Ezragite: Psalm 88:18" in her collection A Cry Like a Bell. In it, she imagines the feelings of Heman (Herman) that led him to write Psalm 88.
# Saint-Lary, Gers

Saint-Lary (French pronunciation:; Gascon: Sent Lari), known as Saint-Lary-du-Gers (pronounced; Occitan: Sent Lari de Gers) for disambiguation, is a commune in the Gers department, and the region of Occitania, southwestern France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Saint-Lariens (masculine plural) and Saint-Lariennes (feminine plural).
# Herb Connolly

Herbert L. Connolly (1922–1995) was an American auto dealer and politician who was a member of the Massachusetts Governor's Council from 1969 to 1989.

## Early life

Connolly was born on February 28, 1922, in Brookline, Massachusetts. He attended Boston Public Schools and graduated from Boston University. After graduation, Connolly worked as an instructor at the Wentworth Institute. During World War II he served in the United States Army in the European theater.

## Business career

After the war, Connolly joined his family's auto business in Brighton, then called Herb Connolly Buick. In 1974, the business moved to Framingham. He also established Herb Connolly Acura in Framingham.

## Politics

In 1962, Connolly was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts. He lost to Francis X. Belotti 57% to 43% in the Democratic primary. After the loss, Connolly served as a secretary to Governor Endicott Peabody. He ran for Lieutenant Governor a second time in 1966, but once again lost the in primary, this time to Joseph E. McGuire 55% to 45%.
In 1968, Connolly was elected to the Massachusetts Governor's Council. In 1988 he lost the Democratic primary to Lowell City Councilor Robert B. Kennedy by one vote - 14,716 to 14,715. At the time of his defeat, Connolly's residency was being challenged by Republican candidate Jody Dow. The address Connolly used on the ballot was a Newton home that he had sold in May 1981. He insisted that he had kept an apartment at the Newton home and used it as his voting address. He and his family moved to a smaller house in Framingham in the early 1980s when car sales dipped. Framingham was not in Connolly's district. Connolly would later admit that he had not voted for himself because he was busy campaigning and did not get to the polls until after they had closed.

## Personal life

Connolly was married to Mary Uhl. They had had three sons.
Connolly was active in many charitable organizations. For 25 years he was president of United Cerebral Palsy of Greater Boston. He also served as a director of the Massachusetts Cancer Control Clinic, the Kennedy Memorial Hospital, the Denver Jewish Hospital, Massachusetts Association of the Blind, the Massachusetts Kidney Foundation, the Children's Asthma Research Institute, and the Massachusetts Chamber of Commerce.

## Death

Connolly died on April 8, 1995, at his home in Framingham.
# Independent Commission for Aid Impact

The Independent Commission for Aid Impact (ICAI) is an independent non-departmental public body tasked with the scrutiny of British Official development assistance (ODA).
Launched in May 2011 by then Secretary of State for International Development Andrew Mitchell, the body scrutinises and reports on the effectiveness of British ODA, focusing on the work of the Department for International Development (DFID) and other government departments that disperse ODA. It however, does not cover ODA provided by devolved governments, that is, the Scottish and Welsh governments. ICAI's current Chief Commissioner is Dr Tamsyn Barton.
ICAI's work is monitored by the Sub-Committee on the work of the Independent Commission for Aid Impact part of the International Development Committee. ICAI hires a service provider, Agulhas Applied Knowledge, to carry out its work on its behalf, and has also worked with KPMG, Concerto Partners LLP and the Swedish Institute for Public Administration.
It was announced that ICAI would remain as a monitoring agency as the Foreign & Commonwealth Office merged with the Department for International Development to form the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.
The UK government is in the process of reviewing ICAI's remit as it did in a 2017 tailored review. The International Development Committee similarly is investigating ICAI's performance between 2019 and 2020 and its future.
# Alessandra Medeiros

Alessandra Medeiros de Oliviera (born 7 October 1981) is a Brazilian team handball player. She plays on the Brazilian national team, and participated at the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil. She also competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics and the 2008 Summer Olympics.
# Star Channels

Star Channels is a multiplex suite of premium Middle Eastern and North African subscription television channels owned by The Walt Disney Company EMEA. Its programming consisted mostly of non-dubbed movies and series with Arabic subtitles.

## History

The network started launching in Middle East on January 24, 2006, by Fox International Channels EMEA with the launch of Fox Series and on March 1, 2011, the channel was renamed as Fox. The suite was built as Star Channels on March 1, 2024, as Disney de-emphasized use of the Fox brand.
On February 2, 2024, Disney announced that they would rebrand the Fox branded channels in Middle East to Star on March 1, 2024, as it pushed the Star branding from regional Asian use to worldwide outside of North America to avoid brand licensing fees to Fox Corporation for the continued use of the Fox trademark on active television networks, with "Star Series" and "Star Action" name were re-used from the defunct Latin American Star Premium multiple suits of television channels.

## Channels

| Name | Notes |
| Star Action | Action and horror films |
| Star Films | Hollywood films |
| Star Life | Local and global unscripted lifestyle content |
| Star Movies | Hollywood films |
| Star Series | First-run series and new episodes for acclaimed series |
| Star World | A mix-up of comedy series, drama series, and unscripted lifestyle content |
# Pile of Saint-Lary

The Pile of Saint-Lary is a Gallo-Roman stone tower, also known as a pile, located in Saint-Lary, in the Gers department of France. It has been listed as a Monument historique since 1875.

## Location

The pile is situated on the top of a hill, within a wooded area, approximately 700 meters from the village of Saint-Lary, separated by the D 930 road.

## Description

The Pile of Saint-Lary is one of the most remarkable piles in the Gers region, notable for retaining much of its original facing, along with decorative elements. It is a quadrangular structure standing at 10.25 meters tall and measuring 3.90 meters on each side. The upper part features an eastern-facing niche, now missing its vault, but originally semi-circular in plan and likely vaulted in a semi-dome. This niche is framed by two pilasters beneath a prominent cornice.
Below the niche, the carefully constructed small stone blocks present decorative elements, including two vertical diamond shapes formed by smaller stone diamonds, above a triangular pediment filled with small horizontal diamonds. Below this, a rectangular mosaic panel comprises hexagonal and square tiles in contrasting colors. The north and southwest faces are composed of dry stone.
The pile of Saint-Lary is classified as a Monument historique (France) and has been listed since 1875.
# T Shirt (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Christgau's Record Guide | B+ |
T Shirt is a 1976 album by Loudon Wainwright III. Unlike his earlier records, this (and the subsequent Final Exam) saw Wainwright adopt a full blown rock band (Slowtrain) - though there are acoustic songs on T Shirt, including a talking blues. According to Wainwright on the 2006 CD liner notes, it received a scathing review from Rolling Stone which depressed him so much he stayed in bed for five days. By the early 1990s, he disowned the album in a radio interview broadcast in Australia. However, by the time of the CD remaster (which included Final Exam) he admitted to a much more sympathetic view of the album(s), which he referred to as his 'puppies'.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Loudon Wainwright III; except where indicated
* "Bicentennial"
* "Summer's Almost Over"
* "Hollywood Hopeful" (Traditional; arranged and adapted by Loudon Wainwright III)
* "Reciprocity"
* "At Both Ends"
* "Wine with Dinner"
* "Hey Packy" (George Gerdes)
* "California Prison Blues"
* "Talking Big Apple '75"
* "Prince Hal's Dirge"
* "Just Like President Thieu"
* "Wine with Dinner (Night Cap)"

## Personnel
### Musicians

* Loudon Wainwright III - guitar, banjo, bells, vocals
* Richard Davis, John Crowder - bass guitar
* Hank Jones - keyboards
* David Sanborn - saxophone
* Marvin Stamm - cornet, trumpet
* Jimmy Maelen - congas
* Elliott Randall, Charles Brown III - electric guitar
* David Taylor - bass trombone
* Eric Weissberg - banjo
* Jeanie Arnold - vocals
* Jon Cobert - piano
* Joe Cocuzzo - drums
* Kenny Kosek - violin
* Richard Crooks - drums, spoons
* Ron Getman - steel guitar
* Don Hammond - alto recorder
* Jimmy Iovine - backing vocals
* Peter La Barbera - vibraphone
* John Lissauer - clarinet, arrangements
* George Marge - recorder
* Irwin "Marky" Markowitz - cornet, trumpet
* Charlie Messing - guitar, vocals
* Gwynne Michaels - backing vocals
* Glen Mitchell - clavinet, electric piano, organ
* Paul Prestopino, Maggie & Terre Roche - vocals
* Christie Thompson - backing vocals
* Stephen Tubin - organ, piano, synthesizer
* Joanne Vent - backing vocals

### Technical

* Jimmy Iovine - engineer, mixing
* Benno Friedman - cover photography

## Charts

| Chart (1976) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 188 |
| US Cash Box Top 100 Albums | 189 |

## Release history

* LP: Arista AL4063 (U.S.)
* LP: Arista RTY127 (UK)
* CD: Arcadia ACAD 8142 (2 CD with Final Exam (U.S. 2007)
# Mark Texeira

Mark Texeira (/təkˈsɛərə/) is an American comic book artist. Classically trained as a painter, he broke into the comics field in the early 1980s.

## Career

Mark Texeira was born and raised in New York City. He attended Manhattan's High School of Art and Design, and was granted a Presidential Scholarship at the School of Visual Arts, where he attended for two years before dropping out to pursue a freelance commercial art career. During this period, Texeira took classes at the Art Students League. His oil paintings soon won mentions at the Salmagundi Club and the Society of Illustrators.
Comics titles Texeira has contributed to include Masters Of The Universe (1981), DC Power Lords, Jonah Hex and its spinoff Hex (1985–1986), Psi-Force (1986–1987), The Punisher War Journal (1990), Ghost Rider vol. 3 (1990–1992, 1997–1998), and vol. 5, Wolverine vol. 2 (1993), Sabretooth (1993), Spider-Man: Legacy of Evil (1996), Black Panther vol. 3 (1998), Moon Knight vol. 4 (1999), Vampirella, Cyclops (2001), Hercules vol. 4 (2005) and Wolverine vol. 3 (2005).

## Technique and materials

When painting, Texeira begins with a penciled layout on loose paper, and following approval of the layout, will acquire reference photos or hire models to pose for him, in order to "capture the feeling of the sketch as closely as possible." Texeira will then apply a few layers of gesso to a Masonite board, and then carefully lay the drawing out in tight pencil, noting subtleties of skin tone and sharpening the image throughout the process. He will then create the underpainting, in which he applies sepias, or a mix of browns, blacks and whites. Any final changes to the painting, such as aspects of a character's facial expression, are made during this stage. He then carefully and thinly applies acrylic paint to achieve the final colors, lightly so as to not lose the underpainting.
# Canoe Township, Pennsylvania

Canoe Township is a township in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,432 at the 2020 census, a decline from the figure of 1,505 tabulated in 2010. Canoe Township was formed from Montgomery Township in 1847. It was named after Canoe Creek, which was so called because its mouth on Mahoning Creek was traditionally the head of canoe navigation. The township includes the communities of Canoe Ridge, Juneau, Locust, Locust Lane, Robertsville, and Rossiter.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 27.1 square miles (70 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,670 people, 592 households, and 428 families residing in the township. The population density was 61.5 inhabitants per square mile (23.7/km$^2$). There were 690 housing units at an average density of 25.4/sq mi (9.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 99.88% White, 0.06% from other races, and 0.06% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.42% of the population.
There were 592 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.8% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.7% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the township the population was spread out, with 21.8% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 20.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.1 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $28,393, and the median income for a family was $33,854. Males had a median income of $26,902 versus $17,763 for females. The per capita income for the township was $12,773. About 10.3% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.5% of those under age 18 and 15.9% of those age 65 or over.
# Tom Mason (actor, born 1920)

Thomas Robert Mason (April 29, 1920 – December 1, 1980) was an American chiropractor, who was best known for appearing in films directed by Ed Wood. Ed Wood was married to one of Mason's former patients.

## Biography

Best known as the stand-in for the deceased Bela Lugosi in Wood's 1957 movie Plan 9 from Outer Space, Mason, who was taller than and bore little physical resemblance to Lugosi, hunched over and held a cape over his face in all of his scenes. Mason appeared in (and helped produce) two of Ed Wood's other movies, including Night of the Ghouls and Final Curtain, after which his career in showbiz ended. Mason's wife, Margaret Mason, played the role of "Martha Edwards" in Night of the Ghouls as well.
Tom Mason died in Orange, California, in 1980, at age 60. His wife Margaret was one of the people interviewed in the 1992 Ed Wood documentary Flying Saucers Over Hollywood. (She died soon after the interview in 1992, at age 81.)

## Legacy

In 1994, Mason was portrayed in director Tim Burton's film Ed Wood by actor Ned Bellamy.

## Filmography

* Plan 9 from Outer Space (1957) (as the stand-in for Bela Lugosi)
* Final Curtain (1957) 1/2-hour projected pilot for a TV series
* Night of the Ghouls (1959) as Zombie sitting in Coffin
* Flying Saucers Over Hollywood (1992 documentary) archive footage
# Les Animaux dénaturés

Les animaux dénaturés is a 1952 novel by Jean Bruller under his pseudonym Vercors. English-language editions appeared under the titles You Shall Know Them, The Murder of the Missing Link, and Borderline. The author adapted it into a play, Zoo ou l'Assassin philanthrope. The novel was adapted into the motion picture Skullduggery (1970), starring Burt Reynolds and Susan Clark.

## Plot

Anthropologists travel to New Guinea to search for the so-called missing link of human evolution. What they find is not a fossil, but an actual population of ape-like creatures, called Paranthropus greamiensis after the discoverer, and dubbed Tropis.
Vancruysen, a businessman, has the idea to use them as a cheap workforce without rights or pay. The scientists then realize they must come up with a definitive answer to the problem of whether or not the Tropis are human, something they have avoided doing on the grounds that fixing an arbitrary limit between human and non-human is akin to the sorites paradox.
They try to use the criterion of interfertility, but it appears that Tropi females can be impregnated by sperm from both man and ape, making it impossible to decide before the offspring reach reproductive age.
To force the authorities to reach a decision, thus giving legal protection of the Tropis whether as animals or citizens, one of the scientists deliberately kills the baby born from one Tropi female impregnated by his own sperm. The trial will then determine whether he committed murder (making the Tropis human) or simply killed an animal.

## Reception

Groff Conklin, reviewing the first American edition, found the novel "uniquely original. ... shocking and fascinating, and the moral and ethical implications tremendous". P. Schuyler Miller received the novel favorably, noting that it handled its theme "more quietly, less emotionally [and] less melodramatically" than familiar genre treatments of the subject. The Calgary Herald declared it "the best novel of 1953" and described it as "a fine, ironic commentary on our affairs". Time magazine found it to be a "pungent" satire, '"more supple than subtle", but faulted its "halfhearted love story" and concluded it was "more a polemic than a novel".
# Chloroacetamide

Chloroacetamide (2-chloroacetamide) is a chlorinated organic compound with the molecular formula ClCH$_2$CONH$_2$. It is a colorless solid although older samples appear yellow. It has a characteristic odor and is readily soluble in water. It has the structure Cl−CH$_2$−C(=O)−NH$_2$.

## Production

Chloroacetamide is produced by ammonolysis of esters of chloroacetic acid:
    ClCH$_2$CO$_2$CH$_3$ + NH$_3$ → ClCH$_2$C(O)NH$_2$ + CH$_3$OH

## Uses

Chloroacetamide has been used as an herbicide, preservative. and in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals.

## Hazards

Chloroacetamide is toxic, irritates eyes and skin, and may cause an allergic reaction. It is suspected of reproductive toxicity and teratogenicity.
# Lars Mytting

Lars Mytting (born 1 March 1968) is a Norwegian writer.
He achieved international success with the non-fiction book Hel ved (2011). His awards include the Norwegian Booksellers' Prize and the Dobloug Prize.

## Career

Born in Fåvang on 1 March 1968, Mytting made his literary debut in 2006 with the novel Hestekrefter, where focus partly is on cars. His next novel, Vårofferet from 2010, centers around life as a soldier and military equipment. His non-fiction book Hel ved from 2011 was his breakthrough internationally. He has further issued the historical novels Søsterklokkene (2018) and Hekneveven (2020).
He was awarded the Norwegian Booksellers' Prize in 2014, for the novel Svøm med dem som drukner, and the Dobloug Prize in 2022.