OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Matthew Bird

Louis Matthew Bird (born 31 October 1990) is an English former professional footballer who played as a defender from 2008 to 2011.
He played in the Football League for Grimsby Town, as well as playing for Frickley Athletic and Boston United on loan.

## Career
### Grimsby Town

Bird came through the youth team Grimsby Town. He was invited to trial with Manchester United in January 2008 but this was cut short due to a recurring knee injury. Bird signed his first professional contract in March 2008, tying him to Grimsby Town until 2010, with youth team coach Neil Woods saying, "He's got great potential. He's 6ft 1in, left-footed, got good pace, and I think that it's the right move at this time for Matthew and for us." He made his first-team debut as a substitute in a 0–1 defeat to Rotherham United in April 2008. Bird played no part in the 2008–2009 season, failing to even make the subs bench under Alan Buckley and his replacement Mike Newell
After failing to make a single first team appearance in little under two years, Bird was loaned too Frickley Athletic on 5 November 2009. Bird returned to Blundell Park a month later on 5 December, but returned to Frickley again for a second spell on the 21st. Bird signed for Boston United on loan in March 2010. Whilst in his month loan spell with United, he helped them to promotion from the Unibond Premier League via the play-offs to ensure Boston United play football in the Conference North next season.

### Non League

Bird was released by Grimsby Town on 12 May 2010. He re-joined Frickley Athletic ahead of the 2010–2011 season. In October 2010 he joined Goole. He left Goole in January 2011 after suffering an injury that had kept him on the sidelines since October.

## Honours
### Grimsby Town

* Football League Trophy runner up: 2007–08

### Boston United

* Northern Premier League Premier Division play-off winners: 2009–10

## Career statistics

Club performance :
| Club | Season | League | Level | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | FL Trophy | FL Trophy | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | League | Level | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Grimsby Town | 2007–08 | League Two | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Grimsby Town | 2008–09 | League Two | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Grimsby Town | 2009–10 | League Two | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Frickley Athletic (loan) | 2009–10 | NPL Premier Division | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Boston United (loan) | 2009–10 | NPL Premier Division | 7 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
# Ed Gomes

Edwin A. Gomes (February 25, 1936 – December 22, 2020) was an American politician, a Democratic member of the Connecticut State Senate, representing District 23, which includes Bridgeport. He was elected to the chamber in a special election on February 24, 2015, and served until 2019. He previously served in the chamber, representing the same district, from November 2005 to January 2013.

## Personal life

Gomes served in the United States Army from 1958 to 1963 and then worked as a Laborer/Annealer for Carpenter Steel from 1963 to 1977 and International Representative of District 1 for the United Steelworkers of America.
On December 13, 2020, Gomes suffered serious head injuries during a car crash in Bridgeport, and died from his injuries on December 22, 2020, at the age of 84.

## Political career

Gomes served on the Bridgeport City Council from 1983 to 1989 and again from 1999 to 2005. He was elected to the Connecticut Senate in 2004, serving from 2005 to 2013. After losing the Democratic primary in 2012 against Andres Ayala, he decided to run again in the special election in early 2015, but the Democratic leadership decided to give the nomination to someone else. However, the local Working Families Party gave him their spot on the ballot and he was elected with 49% of the vote in a three-way race, becoming the party's first candidate outside the state of New York to win office.
Together with Republican Prasad Srinivasan and Democrat Minnie Gonzalez, Gomes was one of only three members of the Judiciary Committee voting against the 2018 reconfirmation of the controversial family court judge Jane B. Emons, who ended up not being reconfirmed despite the positive committee vote.
# Aftermath (1927 film)

Aftermath or Burning Border (German: Brennende Grenze) is a 1927 German silent drama film directed by Erich Waschneck and starring Jenny Hasselqvist, Hubert von Meyerinck and Fritz Alberti. It is noted for its generally anti-Polish tone. It was made at the Terra Studios in Berlin in late 1926. The film's sets were designed by the art director Alfred Junge.

## Synopsis

The film is set along the disputed German-Polish borderland after the First World War where clashes between the two sides threaten to lead to bloodshed. The estate of a young widow is threatened when a local Polish commissioner leads his forces to occupy it.

## Cast

* Jenny Hasselqvist as Die junge Gutsherrin
* Hubert von Meyerinck as Heino
* Fritz Alberti as government commissioner
* Hans Adalbert Schlettow as Freischarenführer
* Olga Chekhova as Nadja
* Camilla Spira as Marlene - economist
* Hugo Werner-Kahle as Duban - Freischarenführer's adjutant
* Albert Steinrück as Der Gutsvogt
* Gustav Trautschold as old servant
* Oskar Homolka as sailor
* Wilhelm Diegelmann as tavern host
* Frigga Braut as Die dralle maid
* Max Maximilian as cow servant
* Hildegard Imhof
# Guatemala at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics

Guatemala competed at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China, from 22 to 30 August 2015.

## Results

(q – qualified, NM – no mark, SB – season best)

### Men
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| José María Raymundo | 20 km walk | — | — | — | — | 1:29:01 | 48 |
| Erick Barrondo | 50 km walk | — | — | — | — | DQ | DQ |
| Jaime Quiyuch | 50 km walk | — | — | — | — | 3:57:41 | 29 |
| Luis Ángel Sánchez | 50 km walk | — | — | — | — | 4:09:26 | 36 |

### Women
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Mirna Ortiz | 20 km walk | — | — | — | — | 1:31:32 | 12 |
| Maritza Poncio | 20 km walk | — | — | — | — | 1:35:53 | 28 |
| Mayra Herrera | 20 km walk | — | — | — | — | 1:39:23 | 39 |
# Ish

Ish or ISH may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* ...ish (album), a 1989 album by the band 1927
* ...ish (audio drama), a Doctor Who audio drama
* Ish, a book by Peter H. Reynolds

## Businesses and organisations

* International School of Hamburg, Germany
* International School of Havana, Cuba
* International School of Helsinki, Finland
* International School of Hyderabad, India
* International School of The Hague, Netherlands
* International Students House, London, student lodgings
* International Student House of Washington, D.C., student lodgings

## Other uses

* Ish (name), a given name, nickname and surname, including a list of people and fictional characters with the name
* In situ hybridization, in molecular biology
* Intrastructural help, in suppressing an immune response gene
* Irish Sport Horse, an Irish breed of horse
* Esan language, ISO 639-3 language code ish
* Ish, the name of a letter in the BFsPA.
# Norway at the 1992 Winter Paralympics

Norway competed at the 1992 Winter Paralympics in Tignes/Albertville, France. 23 competitors from Norway won 14 medals including 5 gold, 5 silver and 4 bronze and finished 7th in the medal table.
# Louise M. Weiser

Louise M. Weiser (c. 1837–1898) became president of Winnesheik County Bank in 1875. She was the first woman to serve as president of an American bank.

## Biography

Weiser was born in Vermont. She married Horace Weiser around 1860 and moved to Decorah, Iowa.
Horace was founder and president of Winnesheik County Bank. Upon Horace's death in 1875, Louise assumed the role of bank president making her the first woman in the United States to hold such a position. Her son, C.S. Weiser became president of the bank in 1892.
# Andreas Fulda

Andreas Martin Fulda (Chinese: 傅洛达; born 1977) is a German political scientist, sinologist, sociologist, and an expert on China–EU relations. He is currently an associate professor of politics at the University of Nottingham and a senior fellow at the University of Nottingham Asia Research Institute and China Policy Institute of this university. Fulda is a foreign affair advisor of the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China (IPAC). He had lived and worked in Mainland China and Taiwan as a staff of the China Association for NGO Cooperation (CANGO) for eight years. Fulda frequently comments on current Chinese affairs in the media and he is a fierce critic of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Fulda argues that German universities do not need to rely on Confucius Institutes to organise events on China. His book The Struggle for Democracy in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong (2020) led to a smear campaign against him. Andreas Fulda sharply criticized German chancellor Olaf Scholz's November 2022 visit to China.

## Education

Fulda received his BA in Chinese Studies from the University of Cologne (2000), MA in Chinese Studies from SOAS University of London (2001), and PhD in Politics from Free University of Berlin (2007).

## Works
### Books

* China and Germany: How Entanglement Undermines Freedom, Prosperity and Security. Bloomsbury (2024)
* The Struggle for Democracy in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong: Sharp Power and its Discontents. Routledge (2020)
* Civil Society Contributions to Policy Innovation in the PR China. Palgrave Macmillan (2015) (editor)
* Förderung partizipativer Entwicklung in der VR China [Promoting Participatory Development in the PR China]. Springer (2009)

### Selected articles

* "The Emergence of Citizen Diplomacy in European Union–China Relations: Principles, Pillars, Pioneers, Paradoxes." Diplomacy & Statecraft 30.1 (2019): 188–216.
* "The Religious Dimension of Hong Kong's Umbrella Movement." Journal of Church and State 60.3 (2018): 377–397.
* "The Contested Role of Foreign and Domestic Foundations in the PRC: Policies, Positions, Paradigms, Power." Journal of the British Association for Chinese Studies 7 (2017).
* "New Strategies of Civil Society in China: A Case Study of the Network Governance Approach." Journal of Contemporary China 21.76 (2012): 675–693.
* "Bridging the Gap: Pracademics in Foreign Policy." PS: Political Science & Politics 44.2 (2011): 279–283.
* "Reevaluating the Taiwanese Democracy Movement: A Comparative Analysis of Opposition Organizations under Japanese and KMT Rule." Critical Asian Studies 34.3 (2002): 357–394.
* "The Politics of Factionalism in Taiwan's Democratic Progressive Party." Internationales Asienforum 33.3/4 (2002): 323–350.
# Elisabeth de Waard

Elisabeth "Bep" Maria de Waard (born 8 May 1958) is a Netherlands Antillean windsurfer. She competed in the women's Lechner A-390 event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Sudha Shah

Sudha Shah (born 22 June 1958) is a former Test and One Day International cricketer who represented India. She also represented Tamil Nadu and South Zone in India's domestic competitions. She played a total of 13 One Day Internationals and 21 Tests, including India's first ever women's Test match, in 1976.
In June 2018, she was awarded with the Lifetime Achievement Award by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI).
# Mark Jansen (politician)

Mark C. Jansen was an American politician from the state of Michigan. A member of the Republican Party, he represented the 28th district in the Michigan Senate. He considered running for the United States House of Representatives in Michigan's 3rd congressional district against Justin Amash in 2014.
Jansen, who had been diagnosed with brain cancer in 2020, died March 23, 2021, aged 61.
# Rita Clifton

Rita Ann Clifton CBE (born 30 January 1958) is a British advertising professional and a former UK Chairman of Interbrand who currently works as a speaker, facilitator, writer, and non-executive director of a portfolio of companies.
Clifton has been called 'The doyenne of branding' by Campaign Magazine, 'Brand guru' by the Financial Times, and the Daily Telegraph described her as 'The brand leading the brands'.

## Early life

Rita Clifton was born in High Wycombe. Her childhood ambition was to be a ballet dancer. Her father died when she was 12.
She attended the Wycombe High School, a girls' grammar school in High Wycombe, alma mater of Fifty Shades of Grey author E. L. James, who was five years below her. She went to the all-female Newnham College, Cambridge, where she studied classics, graduating in 1979.

## Career

From 1983 to 1986 she worked for JWT. From 1986 to 1997 Clifton worked for Saatchi & Saatchi in a variety of roles, including acting as vice chairman from 1995 to 1997. She joined Interbrand UK as Chief Executive in 1997, becoming chairman in 2002 for a ten-year stint. In 2013, she co-founded the global brand and business consultancy BrandCap, which she later sold on to the management group. She holds a number of non-executive directorships at companies such as Bupa Nationwide Building Society, and ASOS.com. She has been Chairman of Populus Ltd, President of the Market Research Society. and previously served as a non-executive director of Dixons Retail from 2002 to 2012.
She has always had a keen interest in the environment and sustainability, and she has served as a Trustee on the board of WWF-UK, on the Sustainable Development Commission and as chair of the community volunteering organisation TCV (The Conservation Volunteers).
Clifton previously served as a non-executive director of Dixons Retail from 2002 to 2012. In November 2020, international sustainability non-profit Forum for the Future announced that she joined the organisation as chair of the board of trustees. In December 2020, it was announced she joined The John Lewis Partnership in February 2021 as deputy chairman.

## Publications

* The Future of Brands: Twenty-Five Visions, ISBN 0814737668, 208pp, 31 March 2000, New York University Press
* The Economist: Brands and Branding , ISBN 1846681197, 304pp, 19 March 2009, Economist Books
* Love Your Imposter: Be your best self, flaws and all, ISBN 9781789667004, 288pp, 10 September 2020, Kogan Page

## Personal life

Clifton met Brian Astley, the father of her two daughters, Alexandra, born November 1987, and Elizabeth, born April 1991, while they were working together on the Rowntree account at Saatchi. The couple married in August 1999 in Kensington and Chelsea.
In an interview with the Daily Telegraph in September 2002, Clifton described herself as the most senior woman to have a baby at Saatchi, and said she was back at her desk 10 weeks after giving birth. "I felt obliged to pretend that it had had absolutely no impact whatsoever," she said. "I did want to come back to work, but probably not that soon."
Clifton was appointed a CBE in the 2014 New Year Honours list.
# Phalen maneuver

Phalen's maneuver is a diagnostic test for carpal tunnel syndrome by an American orthopedist named George S. Phalen.

## Technique

The patient is asked to hold their wrists in complete and forced flexion (pushing the dorsal surfaces of both hands together) for 30–60 seconds. The lumbricals attach in part to the flexor digitorum profundus tendons. As the wrists flex, the flexor digitorum profundus contracts in a proximal direction, drawing the lumbricals along with it.
In some individuals, the lumbricals can be "dragged" into the carpal tunnel with flexor digitorum profundus contraction. As such, Phalen's maneuver can moderately increase the pressure in the carpal tunnel via this mass effect, pinching the median nerve between the proximal edge of the transverse carpal ligament and the anterior border of the distal end of the radius.
By compressing the median nerve within the carpal tunnel, characteristic symptoms (such as burning, tingling or numb sensation over the thumb, index, middle and ring fingers) convey a positive test result and suggest carpal tunnel syndrome. Because not all individuals will draw the lumbricals into the carpal tunnel with this maneuver, this test cannot be perfectly sensitive or specific for carpal tunnel syndrome.

## Accuracy

In studies of diagnostic accuracy, the sensitivity of the Phalen's maneuver ranged from 51% to 91% and its specificity from 33% to 88%.

## Reverse Phalen's test

This test is performed by having the patient maintain full wrist and finger extension for two minutes. The reverse Phalen's test significantly increases pressure in the carpal tunnel within 10 seconds of the change in wrist posture and the carpal tunnel pressure has the tendency to increase throughout the test's duration. In contrast, the change in carpal tunnel pressure noted in the standard Phalen's test is modest and plateaus after 20 to 30 seconds.
The average pressure change for Phalen's test at one and two minutes was only 4 mm Hg. The average pressure changes in the carpal tunnel for the reverse Phalen's test were 34 mm Hg at one minute into the test and 42 mm Hg at the two-minute point.
The extended wrist posture significantly changes the pressure within the carpal tunnel and may be more useful as a provocative examination maneuver. Reverse Phalen's maneuver results in a significantly higher intracarpal canal hydrostatic pressure as compared to a traditional Phalen's. This is thought to add to the sensitivity of conventional screening methods.

## Comparison

Phalen's maneuver is more sensitive than Tinel's sign.
# Altona Treatment Plant

The Altona Treatment Plant of Greater Western Water is a small sewage treatment plant in Altona, Victoria, approximately 16 km west of Melbourne, Australia. Located on Queen Street between Laverton Creek and Altona Meadows, it services over 20,000 residential and business properties in the Altona, Altona Meadows, Laverton and Point Cook areas and treats close to 13 million litres of sewage a day.

## Background

The original Altona Sewage Treatment Plant was constructed in the 1960s to provide sewage treatment services to the Altona area. The plant was originally constructed as a temporary facility until the Western Treatment Plant was able to cope with the increasing volumes of sewage in the area.
When City West Water was established in 1995 a review of the entire City West Water network, including the Altona Sewage Treatment Plant, was undertaken. This review confirmed that there was a long-term requirement for the plant.

## Current status

In early 2011, the Altona Treatment Plant was upgraded to a more sophisticated recycled water treatment facility. Instead of releasing millions of litres of treated effluent into Port Phillip Bay, most of the water is now captured, treated and then used in manufacturing processes and the irrigation of recreational spaces for the community.
About 2 billion litres of recycled water is supplied annually to the plastics manufacturer Qenos for use in their boilers and cooling towers, as well as:
* 300 million litres to Sanctuary Lakes Golf Club to irrigate its golf course
* 200 million litres to Kooringal Golf Club to irrigate its golf course
* 5 million litres to Hobsons Bay City Council to irrigate Altona Green Park and 6 million litres for HD Graham Reserve. Water will also be used for urban streetscape watering and dust suppression.
The volume of high quality water produced each year is roughly equivalent to the volume of water held by 1000 Olympic sized swimming pools.
A giant robot has been used to clean the Balance Tank every year since 2019.
# France at the 1980 Winter Paralympics

France competed at the 1980 Winter Paralympics in Geilo, Norway. 21 competitors (19 men and 2 women) won 3 medals, including 1 gold, 1 silver and 1 bronze. France finished 9th in the medal table.

## Alpine skiing

The medalists are:
* Bernard Baudean Men's Giant Slalom 2B
* Remy Arnod Men's Slalom 2A

## Cross-country skiing

The medalists are:
* Gerard Vandel Men's Short Distance 5 km 2A

## Ice sledge speed racing

Two athletes (Claude Ebner and Aime Planchon) represented France in ice sledge speed racing at the 1980 Winter Paralympics. No medals were won.
# Deborah Wright

Deborah C. Wright (born 1958) is a board member of Citigroup Inc. (Audit, Consumer Compliance and Ethics and Culture Committees), Time Warner, Inc. (Audit Committee Chair) and Voya Financial (Finance Committee Chair). She is a member of the Board of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (Executive Committee and Audit Chair).

## Career

Wright was a Senior Fellow in the Economic Opportunity and Assets Division of the Ford Foundation from January 2015 through June 2016. Established in 1936, the foundation is an independent, global organization.
Wright was previously non-executive Chairman of the Board of Carver Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQ - CARV) from January 2014 until December 2016, where she served as Chairman and CEO from February 2005 to December 2014 and President and CEO from June 1, 1999. Carver Bancorp, Inc. is the holding company for Carver Federal Savings Bank, a federally chartered savings bank, and the nation's largest publicly traded African- and Caribbean- American operated bank, with approximately $700 million in assets and branches serving inner city neighborhoods in Harlem, Brooklyn and Queens. Black Enterprise Magazine named Carver "Financial Services Company of the Year" in 2006. The American Banker named Wright "Community Banker of the Year" in December 2003 and U.S. Banker named Wright one of the 25 Most Powerful Women in Banking in October 2010.
She was President and CEO of the Upper Manhattan Empowerment Zone from 1996 to 1999 and led development and execution of an investment strategy to expand Harlem's economy, by investing a $250 million capital budget, funded by the public sector, to expand local businesses and cultural institutions.
Wright was appointed Commissioner of The Department of Housing Preservation and Development in 1994 by Mayor Rudolph Giuliani, where she implemented an unprecedented privatization of residential buildings owned and managed by the City of New York. Mayor David N. Dinkins previously appointed her to the board of the New York City Housing Authority and the New York City Planning Commission. Wright began her professional career at the First Boston Corporation and the Partnership for New York City.
She previously served on the Harvard University Board of Overseers, the board of The Children's Defense Fund and Kraft Foods Inc. She was a founding boardmember of the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, charged with rebuilding lower Manhattan in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack.
Wright earned A.B., J.D. and M.B.A. degrees from Harvard University. She was raised in Bennettsville, South Carolina and Dallas, Texas.
# Ujwala Nikam

Ujwala Nikam (born 19 June 1958, in Pune, Maharashtra) is a former Test and One Day International cricketer who represented India. She also represented Maharashtra women's cricket team in the domestic league. She played eight Test matches and two women's One Day Internationals (WODIs). She played both her WODIs in January 1978, in the 1978 Women's Cricket World Cup. Ujwala was born in a middle-class family. Her father was a police inspector in the city of Pune. She attended Modern High School in that city.
# TCG Ufuk

TCG Ufuk (A-591) is a signals intelligence gathering vessel of the Turkish Navy. It was built as part of the MILGEM project, featuring an Ada-class corvette hull. It specializes in electronic intelligence gathering, a role previously filled by smaller intelligence boats.
Construction of the vessel began on 9 February 2019, and it was commissioned on 14 January 2022. Displacing 2,250 tons, it can accommodate a crew of 110 and operate continuously for 60 days.