OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mukul Kesavan

Mukul Kesavan (born 9 April 1957)[better source needed] is an Indian historian, novelist and political and social essayist. He was schooled at St. Xaviers' School in Delhi and then went on to study history at St. Stephen's College, and at the University of Delhi. He later attended Trinity Hall, University of Cambridge on an Inlaks scholarship, where he received an MLitt degree.
His first book, a novel titled Looking Through Glass (Farrar Straus & Giroux, 1994) received international critical acclaim. In 2001 he wrote a political tract titled Secular Common Sense which was published by Penguin India. He teaches social history at Jamia Millia Islamia in Delhi.
Kesavan writes frequently about the game of cricket. His book on cricket, Men in White, was published by Penguin India in 2007. He also wrote a blog by the same name on ESPNcricinfo.
Kesavan is also the author of The Ugliness of the Indian Male and Other Propositions, published by Black Kite in 2008. The book is a collection of essays on a wide variety of themes ranging from Indian films to Indian men to travel writing to political commentary. His latest book, titled Homeless on Google Earth (2013), published by Permanent Black, is a collection of several previous columns and opinion essays alongside some previously unpublished essays.
Kesavan is the co-editor of Civil Lines, a widely respected journal of Indian writing in English. In 2014, The New Republic included his Homeless on Google Earth in its list of the year's best books, describing Kesavan as "[a] novelist and essayist, a historian and poet, a social commentator and public intellectual, [who] commands an enviable following in the Anglophone world beyond America and Britain".
His columns have appeared in The Telegraph, ESPNcricinfo, Outlook Magazine, Mint and several other periodicals and journals.
His mother, Dr. Chandrakanta Narain, was Punjabi, born in Lahore and brought up in Delhi. His father B. S. Kesavan, a writer, was also the highly regarded curator of the National Library in Calcutta.
He lives in New Delhi with his wife, the UNDP lawyer Arundhati Das and their two children.
# Ajaymerukot

Ajaymerukot (Nepali:अजयमेरुकोट) was one of the capital of Doti kingdom established by the Malla kings in the 13th century. The ruins of the palace is located in Ajaymeru Rural Municipality in Dadeldhura district which about 3.3 km away from Dadeldhhura, Nepal.

## History

The establishment of Ajaymerukot is not verified, but two theory exists. The first one says that it was established in the 13th century by king Ranjana Paal while another theory suggests it was established by two princes of Katyuri dynasty: Sahastra Paal and Niryapaldev before 1411 BS (1354-1355).
Copper inscription by king Niray Paldev from 1419 BS (1362-1363) has been found in the ruins of the palace.

## Palace ruins

The ruins of palace consists of a seven storied main palace. A paved stair leads from palace to the bath house. The stone carvings in the face of palace is believed to be carved by Jaad artists from India. An assembly hall is situated in lower section of the palace. For a long period, the ruins were neglected. In 2074 BS, government started conservation effort by making a plan, however the encroachment of the area by local has affected the effort.
# Ollie Quinn

Ollie Johnson Quinn (26 May 1893 – 23 August 1949) was a mob boss in Galveston, Texas in the United States, who was involved in bootlegging, illegal gambling, numbers racket, prostitution and other criminal activities from the 1910s up until the 1930s. He, with Dutch Voigt, led the Beach Gang, one of the two criminal organisations which controlled most of the Galveston underworld until the mid-1920s.
He was generally considered the dominant figure in vice, especially gambling, on the island and was respected by most Galveston residents and other Galveston County inhabitants alike. His main casino, the Deluxe Club, was a fixture in the city. His Modern Vending Company leased gaming equipment such as slot machines to area businesses. Quinn was known for being, above all, a businessman who was accepting of honest competition in the vice business.
Quinn became a mentor, and then a partner, to Sam and Rosario Maceo, who later took over the Galveston underworld.
# Aleksei Shein

Aleksei Semyonovich Shein (Russian: Алексе́й Семёнович Ше́ин; 1662 – February 12, 1700) was a Russian commander and statesman, the first Russian Generalissimo (1696), boyar, great-grandson of Mikhail Shein.
Shein originated from an old boyar family, which, however, after the execution of Mikhail Shein in 1634 was exiled to Alatyrsky Uyezd, currently Chuvashia, and were only allowed to return to Moscow in 1642.
As a boy, Shein attended the execution of Stepan Razin. Later in his life, he would participate in the coronation ceremony of Peter I and Ivan V. Sophia Alekseyevna was very fond of Shein and granted him the title of a boyar. Shein was a military commander in Tobolsk and Kursk in 1680–1684. Later, he was one of the military leaders during the Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 and the Azov campaigns of 1695–1696. During the Second Azov campaign in 1696, Shein was the commander-in-chief of the Russian land forces and was granted the title of Generalissimus by Peter I for his military achievements. Upon his departure on the Grand Embassy mission (Великое посольство, or Velikoye posolstvo), Peter I appointed Shein commander-in-chief of the Russian Army and director of the Gunnery, Reiter and Foreign Affairs Departments. In 1697, Shein defeated the Crimean and Nogai Tatars. In 1698, Shein was the one to suppress the Streltsy Uprising. Upon Peter's return, however, Shein fell into his disgrace for not having disclosed Streltsys’ ties with Sophia and, therefore, lost his boyar beard.
Stefan Yavorsky (later archbishop of Ryazan) performed the funeral oration for Shein, it attracted the attention of Peter the Great.
# Andrena clarkella

The Clark's miner bee (Andrena clarkella) is a species of miner bee in the family Andrenidae. Other common names include Clark's andrena and Clarke's mining bee. It is found in Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China) and North America.
Etymology: KIRBY named the species in honor of Bracy Clark, an English entomologist.
Identification: 10-13 mm. Male with brown hair with loose tergite bands. Rarely on flowers, more on tree bark basking. In the field not to distinguish from similar Andrena species. Female easy to determine in the field: very densely hairy, with black hairs on the abdomen and reddish brown hair on the mesonotum. Hind legs fox red with equally colored rail brush. Small specimens resemble Andrena bicolor. Terminal fringe dark brown.
Pollen sources: Oligolectic on willows (Salix, Salicaceae).
Nest building: Bare to sparsely overgrown areas in sparse forests Forest fringes or clearings, preferably in sandy soil, but also nests in humus soils, mostly in smaller aggregations with low nest density. The nest entrance is locked before each food supply flight. One to four brood cells are created per nest, often only 5 cm, a maximum of 30 cm below the surface.
Habitat: Affinity to forests; forest fringes, forest clearings, clear cuts, preferred on sandy soil. From the lowlands to the subalpine altitude.
Parasites: cuckoo bee is Nomada leucophthalma. As another nest parasite Bombylius major was observed. Adults are sometimes infested with Stylops melittae.
Flight period: In one generation from early March to mid-May.
# Market development

Market development is a growth strategy that identifies and develops new market segments for current products. It involves marketing existing products in new markets. A development strategy targets non-buying customers in currently targeted segments. It also targets new customers in new segments. A market development strategy entails expanding the potential market through new users or new uses. New users can be defined as new geographic segments, new demographic segments, new institutional segments or new psychographic segments. Another way is to expand sales through new uses for the product.
For discontinuous innovations, which are those that impose a change of behavior, new learning, or a new process on the buyer or end user, a focused market development strategy is needed to bridge the gap between the early market and the mainstream.
A marketing manager is involved in many considerations before implementing a market development strategy, like whether the market is profitable, whether it will require the introduction of new or modified products and whether the customer and marketing channels are well enough researched and understood.
# Haus Publishing

Haus Publishing is a London-based publishing company which was established in 2002.

## History

Haus Publishing was founded in 2002 by Barbara Schwepcke, the former publisher of Prospect magazine. The publisher has a bookshop, BookHaus, on the premises. Starting with non-fiction they now cover many more types of books.

## Arabia Books

Arabia Books was founded as a joint venture by Haus Publishing and the independent UK publisher Arcadia Books in March 2008. The imprint publishes contemporary fiction in translation from the Arabic. Arcadia are no longer involved with the running of Arabia Books.
# Jean Ann Black

Jean Ann Black is an American make-up artist best known for her work on films, particularly as a long-time collaborator with David Fincher, the Coen Brothers, Julia Roberts and especially Brad Pitt.

## Filmography

* A Serious Man
* Big Fish
* Born on the Fourth of July
* By the Sea
* Derailed
* Faster
* Greenberg
* Hail, Caesar!
* Legends of the Fall
* No Country for Old Men
* Ocean's Eleven
* Ocean's Thirteen
* Seven
* Spy Game
* The Big Lebowski
* The Curious Case of Benjamin Button
* The Ring
* The Tree of Life
* The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1
* The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2
* Water for Elephants
# Sevanavank

Sevanavank (Armenian: Սևանավանք; meaning Sevan Monastery) is a monastic complex located on a peninsula at the northwestern shore of Lake Sevan in the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia, not far from the town of Sevan. Initially the monastery was built at the southern shore of a small island. After the artificial draining of Lake Sevan, which started in the era of Joseph Stalin, the water level fell about 20 metres, and the island transformed into a peninsula. At the southern shore of this newly created peninsula, a guesthouse of the Armenian Writers' Union was built. The eastern shore is occupied by the Armenian president's summer residence, while the monastery's still active seminary moved to newly constructed buildings at the northern shore of the peninsula.
Due to easier accessibility (once it became a peninsula), good highway and railway connections with the Armenian capital Yerevan, a well-developed tourist industry in the nearby town of Sevan, and its picturesque location (although less picturesque than it was before the lake level drop), Sevanavank is one of the most visited tourism sights in Armenia.

## History

According to an inscription in one of the churches, the monastery of Sevanavank was founded in 874 by Princess Mariam, the daughter of Ashot I (who became a king a decade later). At the time, Armenia was still struggling to free itself from Arab rule.
The monastery was strict as it was mainly intended for those monks from Etchmiadzin who had sinned. Jean-Marie Chopin, a French explorer of the Caucasus, visited there in 1830 and wrote of a regimen restraining from meat, wine, youth or women. Another explorer visited the monastery in 1850 and wrote of how manuscripts were still being copied manually.

## Architecture

The two churches of the complex, Surp Arakelots meaning the "Holy Apostles" and Surp Astvatsatsin meaning the "Holy Mother of God", are both cruciform plan structures with octagonal tambours. The two are quite similar to each other in appearance. Adjacent are the ruins of a gavit whose roof was originally supported by six wooden columns. Some of the remains of the gavit and its columns can be seen in the Yerevan Museum of History.
Reconstruction and restoration efforts took place from 1956 to 1957.

## Gallery

* The island and the Sevan Monastery during the 19th century (Paris, 1869, T. Deyrolle)
* Sevanavank and peninsula along Lake Sevan
* Sevanavank monastery viewed from the lake
* View of the peninsula
* Surp Arakelots church
* Surp Arakelots church
* Carved walnut wood door (1486) from the Church of the Holy Apostles, Lake Sevan.
* Surp Astvatsatsin church
* Altar of Surp Arakelots
* Khachkars along the ruins of the gavit
* Church of Surb Arakelots and Church Astvatsatsin
# Thomas G. Pinnock

Thomas Goodwin Pinnock (November 1, 1851 – February 16, 1914) was a Massachusetts politician who served as the 33rd Mayor of Salem, Massachusetts, United States.

## Early life

Pinnock, was born in Lowell, Massachusetts to Thomas and Ann (Lewis) Pinnock, on November 1, 1851. Pinnock moved to Salem, Massachusetts when he was six years old.

## Family life

Pinnock married Emma Augusta Littlefield, on January 18, 1878, they had four children, Harold Pinnock, Anson Pinnock, Thomas Wellington Pinnock, Lorna Pinnock.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 4 The Boston Evening Transcript (February 16, 1914), A Former Mayor of Salem, Boston, Ma: The Boston Evening Transcript, p. 5
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cutter, William Richard (1908), Genealogical and Personal Memoirs Relating to the Families of Boston and Eastern Massachusetts, Volume IV, New York, New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, p. 2134
Political offices :
| Preceded byJoseph N. Peterson | 33rd Mayor of Salem, Massachusetts 1906–1907 | Succeeded byJohn F. Hurley |
* This article about a mayor in Massachusetts is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Faculty of Letters, University of Tokyo

The Faculty of Letters is one of the ten consitituent undergraduate faculties of the University of Tokyo. The Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology is affiliated with the faculty, and these two schools operate as one organisation in practice.

## History

The Faculty of Letters became part of the university when it was founded in 1877 through the merger of the Kaisei School and the Tokyo School of Medicine, the former of which included the Faculty. The Faculty traces its roots to the Bansho Shirabesho and the Shōhei-zaka Gakumonjo, both established during the Edo period.
In 1877, the Faculty comprised three departments: philosophy, politics, and Japanese and Chinese literature studies. The second of these was transferred to the Faculty of Law in 1885. Over time, these departments were gradually divided into more specialised groups, but the reorganisation of 1963 classified them into four categories: Cultural Studies, History, Linguistics, and Behavioural Studies. The Department of Education became an independent faculty in 1949 at the request of SCAP, which sought to utilise education as a means to further democratise Japanese society.

## Organisation
### Undergraduate

Source:
* Department of Philosophy
* Department of Chinese Thought and Culture
* Department of Indian Philosophy and Buddhist Studies
* Department of Ethics
* Department of Religious Studies
* Department of Aesthetics
* Department of Islamic Studies
* Department of Japanese History
* Department of Oriental History
* Department of Occidental History
* Department of Archaeology
* Department of History of Art
* Department of Linguistics
* Department of Japanese Linguistics
* Department of Japanese Literature
* Department of Chinese Language and Literature
* Department of Indian Languages and Literatures
* Department of English Language and Literature
* Department of German Language and Literature
* Department of French Language and Literature
* Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures
* Department of South European Languages and Literatures Studies
* Department of Contemporary Literary Studies
* Department of Greek and Latin Classics
* Department of Psychology
* Department of Social Psychology
* Department of Sociology
# Cullen corylifolium

Cullen corylifolium, synonym Psoralea corylifolia, (babchi) is a plant used in Indian and Chinese traditional medicine. The seeds of this plant contain a variety of coumarins, including psoralen.

## Etymology

Corylifolium comes from similarity of the leaves to those of Corylus, a genus of tree in northern world regions, such as Sweden.

## Description

Cullen corylifolium grows 50–90 cm tall and is an annual plant. It has pale-purple flowers in short, condensed, axillary spikes. Its corolla is pale purple. Flowers one-seeded fruits. The most distinctive feature is the occurrence of minute brown glands which are immersed in surface tissue on all parts of the plant, giving it a distinctive and pleasant fragrance.

## Habitat and distribution

Cullen corylifolium is native to north-east tropical Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, and tropical and subtropical Asia, including India and Sri Lanka. It was occasionally cultivated in Arabia for its supposed medicinal properties.

## Chemical constituents

Cullen corylifolium extract contains numerous phytochemicals, including flavonoids (neobavaisoflavone, isobavachalcone, bavachalcone, bavachinin, bavachin, corylin, corylifol, corylifolin and 6-prenylnaringenin), coumarins (psoralidin, psoralen, isopsoralen and angelicin), meroterpenes (bakuchiol, and 3-hydroxybakuchiol).

## Use in traditional medicine

Cullen corylifolium, or bu gu zhi 补骨脂 in traditional Chinese medicine, is an herb used as a therapy for several disorders, such as treatment of lichen planus by psoralen extract combined with sunlight exposure.
# 1982 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

The 1982 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an above average season. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) releases unofficial advisories. An average of five tropical cyclones form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.

## Systems
### Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 01

On April 30 the monsoon trough spawned a tropical depression in the western Bay of Bengal. It tracked northeastward, becoming a tropical storm on the 1st and a cyclone on the 2nd. Its movement became more to the east, and the cyclone continued to quickly intensify, reaching a peak of 145 mph winds just before landfall. The small and compact cyclone hit southern Myanmar on the 4th, and it dissipated the next day over land. Moderate to heavy damage was experienced, but advance warning kept the death toll at only five.

### Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 02

Tropical Depression 2B developed from the monsoon trough in the central Bay of Bengal on May 30. It headed northeastward, becoming a tropical storm later that day and reaching a peak of 65 mph winds on the 31st. The storm turned to the northwest, where it weakened to a tropical depression. It restrengthened, and hit near Paradip, India on the 3rd as a 65 mph tropical storm. The storm brought heavy flooding amounting to 140 fatalities and destroying over 500,000 homes. Whole coast of Odisha suffered major damages. Districts of Puri, Cuttack and Balasore were the worst affected among them.

### Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 09

Tropical Storm Three, which formed in the central Bay of Bengal on October 11, hit eastern India on the 16th as a 60 mph tropical storm. It brought considerable damages to Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.

### Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 10

An area of convection south of the previous storm slowly organized into a tropical storm on October 16. It tracked northwestward, reaching a peak of 60 mph winds before hitting southeastern India on the 20th as a weakened 50 mph storm. 60 fatalities can be attributed to this system and 400 huts were damaged.

### Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm ARB 03

The final storm of the season developed on November 4 in the central Arabian Sea. It tracked northeastward, strengthening into a tropical storm on the 6th and a cyclone on the 7th. The system peaked at 100 mph winds before hitting Veraval, India on the 8th. The cyclone rapidly dissipated, after resulting in 511 fatalities and heavy flooding. Damages were estimated to be ₹128 crore (equivalent to ₹24 billion or US$290 million in 2023).
# Ikulu

Ikulu is the official residence of the president of Tanzania in Dar es Salaam which was founded by Majid bin Said of Zanzibar in 1865.
The State House blends African and Arabian architecture, with wide verandahs and covered walkways. It is white-walled with floors of African terrazzo, and stands in over 33 acres (13 ha) of grounds overlooking the Indian Ocean on the east and Dar es Salaam to the west. The brass-studded west doors are surmounted by a replica of the Republic's Coat of Arms and flanked by two giant drums. During 2001 one of the entrances after the car gates was adorned with two male Lions overlooking guests as they would be welcomed to the State House of The United Republic Of Tanzania.
The building contains a number of gifts from state visitors, including an Ethiopian shield with crossed spears, given by Emperor Haile Selassie and a representation of the coat-of-arms of the Republic of Tanganyika, given by the government of India in 1961, that acts as a backdrop to the President's seat in the Council Chamber.

## Gallery

* The Government House, in the 1960s decade.
* The 43rd President of The United States of America, George W. Bush and The 4th President of The United Republic of Tanzania Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete in 2008.
# Graeme Moore

Graeme John Moore (born 28 January 1989) is a South African swimmer. He competed for South Africa at the 2012 Summer Olympics, in the 100 m and 4 x 100 m freestyle. He is 6'6", 215 lbs. He’s currently working as an orthopaedic surgeon in Johannesburg, South Africa.