OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Barbian

Barbian (German:; Italian: Barbiano) is a comune (municipality) and a village in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Bolzano.

## Geography

As of 30 November 2010, it had a population of 1,601 and an area of 24.4 square kilometres (9.4 sq mi).
Barbian borders the following municipalities: Kastelruth, Lajen, Waidbruck, Ritten, and Villanders.

### Frazioni

The municipality of Barbian contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Kollmann (Colma), St. Gertraud (Santa Gertrude), Saubach.

## History
### Place-name

The dwelling is mentioned for the first time in 994 as Parpian, the name deriving probably from the Latin personal name Barbius, a name also attested in Venetic inscriptions from the Roman era.

### Coat-of-arms

The shield is tierced per fess in argent, vert and sable. In the second level are represented three churches: St. Nicholas, St. Gertrude and St. Magdalene, which are located in the mountains above the village. The sable bottom is crossed by a thin band of argent and gules, symbolizing the customs bar of the village of Kollmann sited in the municipality. The arms were granted in 1970.

## Society
### Linguistic distribution

According to the 2024 census, 97.53% of the population speak German, 1.87% Italian and 0.60% Ladin as first language.
| Language | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 2024 |
| German | 94.80% | 97.47% | 97.53% | 96.74% |
| Italian | 4.56% | 2.02% | 1.87% | 1.88% |
| Ladin | 0.64% | 0.51% | 0.60% | 1.38% |
# Mount Olympus (San Francisco)

Mount Olympus is a hill located on Upper Terrace in the Buena Vista neighborhood of San Francisco. It was once considered to mark the geographical center of the city, and was topped off by a statue given by Adolph Sutro, the Triumph of Light, now lost. Only the statue's pedestal remains, and the view from the top is obstructed by trees and condominiums.
# Hash list

In computer science, a hash list is typically a list of hashes of the data blocks in a file or set of files. Lists of hashes are used for many different purposes, such as fast table lookup (hash tables) and distributed databases (distributed hash tables).
A hash list is an extension of the concept of hashing an item (for instance, a file). A hash list is a subtree of a Merkle tree.

## Root hash

Often, an additional hash of the hash list itself (a top hash, also called root hash or master hash) is used. Before downloading a file on a p2p network, in most cases the top hash is acquired from a trusted source, for instance a friend or a web site that is known to have good recommendations of files to download. When the top hash is available, the hash list can be received from any non-trusted source, like any peer in the p2p network. Then the received hash list is checked against the trusted top hash, and if the hash list is damaged or fake, another hash list from another source will be tried until the program finds one that matches the top hash.
In some systems (for example, BitTorrent), instead of a top hash the whole hash list is available on a web site in a small file. Such a "torrent file" contains a description, file names, a hash list and some additional data.

## Applications

Hash lists can be used to protect any kind of data stored, handled and transferred in and between computers. An important use of hash lists is to make sure that data blocks received from other peers in a peer-to-peer network are received undamaged and unaltered, and to check that the other peers do not "lie" and send fake blocks.
Usually a cryptographic hash function such as SHA-256 is used for the hashing. If the hash list only needs to protect against unintentional damage unsecured checksums such as CRCs can be used.
Hash lists are better than a simple hash of the entire file since, in the case of a data block being damaged, this is noticed, and only the damaged block needs to be redownloaded. With only a hash of the file, many undamaged blocks would have to be redownloaded, and the file reconstructed and tested until the correct hash of the entire file is obtained. Hash lists also protect against nodes that try to sabotage by sending fake blocks, since in such a case the damaged block can be acquired from some other source.
Hash lists are used to identify CSAM online.

## Protocols using hash lists

* Rsync
* Zsync
* Bittorrent
# Croce (surname)

Croce is an Italian surname meaning literally "cross". Notable people with the surname include:
* A. J. Croce (born 1971), American singer-songwriter
* Alberto Croce (born 1944), Italian professional golfer
* Alessandro Croce (1650–1704), Italian prelate
* Andrea Giuseppe Croce (1914–1986), Italian businessman
* Antonio Croce (born 1986) Italian footballer
* Arlene Croce (1934–2024), American dance critic
* Baldassare Croce (1558–1628), Italian painter
* Benedetto Croce (1866–1952), Italian philosopher and critic
* Carlo M. Croce (born 1944), Italian-American oncologist
* Carlo Croce (born 1945), Italian yacht racer
* Daniele Croce (born 1982), Italian footballer
* Fabiano Santacroce (born 1986), Italian Brazilian association football player
* Francesco Croce (1696–1773), Italian baroque architect
* Fulvio Croce (1901–1977), Italian lawyer
* Giovanni Croce (1557–1609), Italian composer
* Giovanni Andrea Croce (died 1595), Italian prelate
* Giulio Cesare Croce (1550–1609), Italian playwright
* Ingrid Croce (born 1947), American singer-songwriter and wife of Jim
* Ireneo della Croce (1625–1713), Italian preacher
* Jim Croce (1943–1973), American singer-songwriter
* Luigi Croce (born 1940), Italian yacht racer
* Marcos Croce (1894–1978), Argentine footballer
* Maria Eufrasia della Croce (1597–1676), Italian nun and painter
* Mary Keating Croce (1928–2016), American politician
* Nicolás Emanuel Croce (born 1985), Argentine footballer
* Onofrio de Santa Croce (died 1471), Italian cardinal
* Paola Croce (born 1978), Italian volleyball player
* Pat Croce (born 1954), Italian-American entrepreneur
* Pellegrino Croce (born 1955), Italian rower
* Stefania Croce (born 1970), Italian professional golfer
# Arunadhati Santosh Ghosh

Arunadhati Ghosh (born 1960) is an Indian former Test and One Day International cricketer who represented the national team. She played a total of eight Tests and 11 ODIs.
# Ava O'Connor

Ava O'Connor (born 19 September 2003) is an Irish track and field athlete and cross country runner.

## Early life

From Mountmellick in County Laois, the daughter of Liam and Sinead O'Connor, she started running for her local club Emo/Rath T a young age. She attended school at Scoil Chriost Rí, in Portlaoise. An Irish Dancer, she competed in the World Irish Dancing Championships. In 2017, she won three national track medals for her age group and was awarded the Athletics Ireland Star Award in February 2018. In 2020, she earned a scholarship to Adams State University in the United States.

## Career

She won the Junior 1500m title at the Irish U23 Outdoor Track and Field Championships in Tullamore in 2019. She was chosen to represent Ireland in the 1500m at the 2019 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival in Baku. She also won the Youth Nations Cup in Santry Stadium over 1500 metres in 2019.
In 2022, she began to compete at longer distances, competing over 3000m she ran a personal best at NCAA Indoors Track and Field Championships in Virginia Beach of 9.16.59 in February 2023. That year, she also began to run the 3000m steeplechase and ran a personal best in Azusa, California of 10.07.96. At the same event in Azusa she lowered her 1500m personal best to 4:20.04.
She made her senior international debut for Ireland at the 2023 European Athletics Team Championships. She finished third in the 3000m steeplechase to help Ireland win the Division Three title in Kraków.
She competed at the 2023 European Athletics U23 Championships in the women's 3000 metres steeplechase in Espoo in July 2023 and ran a personal best of 10:01.34.
She competed at the 2023 European Cross Country Championships in Brussels. In December 2023, she lowered her 3000m personal best to 9:10.48 in Boston, Massachusetts.
# First term of Edmund Ho as Chief Executive of Macau

The First term of Edmund Ho Hau Wah as Chief Executive of Macau, officially considered part of "The 1st term Chief Executive of Macau", relates to the period of governance of Macau since the transfer of sovereignty over Macau, between 20 December 1999 and 20 December 2004. Edmund Ho Hau Wah was elected in early 1999 by 200-member Selection Committee as the first Chief Executive of Macau.

## Cabinet
### Ministry

| Portfolio | Minister | Took office | Left office | Party |
| Chief Executive | Edmund Ho Hau Wah | 20 December 1999 | Ho II | Nonpartisan |
| Secretary for Administration and Justice | Florinda da Rosa Silva Chan | 20 December 1999 | Ho II | Nonpartisan |
| Secretary for Economy and Finance | Francis Tam Pak Yuen | 20 December 1999 | Ho II | Nonpartisan |
| Secretary for Security | Cheong Kuoc Vá | 20 December 1999 | Ho II | Nonpartisan |
| Secretary for Social Affairs and Culture | Fernando Chui Sai On | 20 December 1999 | Ho II | Nonpartisan |
| Secretary for Transport and Public Works | Ao Man Long | 20 December 1999 | Ho II | Nonpartisan |

### Executive Council members

The Executive Council was presided by President Edmund Ho Hau Wah and consisted of total 10 members. All members are appointed by the Chief Executive from among members of the Legislative Council and other influential public personnels.
The Convenor of the members was Tang Chi Kin.
| Members | Affiliation | Portfolio | Took Office | Left Office |
| Florinda da Rosa Silva Chan | Nonpartisan | Secretary for Administration and Justice | 20 December 1999 | Ho II |
| Tong Chi Kin | Nonpartisan politician | Convenor of the ExCo Chairman of the Science and Technology Development Fund | 20 December 1999 | Ho II |
| Francis Tam Pak Yuen | Nonpartisan politician | Secretary for Economy and Finance | 20 December 1999 | 20 December 2004 |
| Cheong Kuoc Vá | Nonpartisan politician | Secretary for Security | 20 December 1999 | 20 December 2004 |
| Fernando Chui Sai On | Nonpartisan politician | Secretary for Social Affairs and Culture | 20 December 1999 | 20 December 2004 |
| Ao Man Long | Nonpartisan politician | Secretary for Transport and Public Works | 20 December 1999 | 20 December 2004 |
| Victor Ng Wing Lok | Nonpartisan politician | President of the Macau Foundation | 20 December 1999 | 20 December 2004 |
| Leong Heng Teng | UPP | Member of the Legislative Assembly | 20 December 1999 | Ho II |
| Liu Chak Wan | Nonpartisan politician | Chairman of New Tenhon Investment | 20 December 1999 | Ho II |
| Alexandre Ma Iao Lai | Nonpartisan politician | President of Macau China-Africa Business Council | 20 December 1999 | Ho II |
# Pyrus ciancioi

Pyrus ciancioi, the pero di Ciancio or Ciancio's pear, is a species of pear in the rose family Rosaceae. It is, together with P. sicanorum, P. vallis-demonis, P. castribonensis and P. pedrottiana, one of five pear species endemic to Sicily. Having been described only in 2012, only about 15 mature individuals are known.

## Taxonomy

Pyrus ciancioi is morphologically similar to P. communis, P. pyraster, P. spinosa and P. sicanorum in having a frequently persistent calyx, indicating a close evolutionary affinity. It was described by a team of researchers in 2012, and named after the Italian scientist Orazio Ciancio [It].

## Description

Pyrus ciancioi is a spiny tree of more than 5 m (16 ft) height. The leaves are lanceolate and 3.2–6 centimetres (1.3–2.4 in) long, with entire to slightly serrated margins and 1.2–2.5 centimetres (0.47–0.98 in) long petioles. Young leaves are more strongly pubescent on the underside than older leaves. The white flowers appear in corymbs in early April. The fruit is small (2–2.5 centimetres (0.79–0.98 in)) and brownish, and the calyx often persists.

## Distribution and ecology

The species is known only from the Nebrodi Mountains in northeast Sicily, near the town of Floresta (Province of Messina). It occurs in hedges on quartz-arenite soils.
# Übersee station

Übersee station is a railway station in the municipality of Übersee, located in the Traunstein district in Bavaria, Germany.
# Gangzur Gewog

Gangzur Gewog (Dzongkha: སྒང་ཟུར་) is a gewog (village block) of Lhuntse District, Bhutan. Gangzur gewog covers an area of 356 sqkm and has a population of 5059 with 471 households, which includes gungtongs (empty houses). These households have been left empty mainly due to development programs.
There are many gungtongs around the country and its still the same because all the teenagers are attracted to the modern development and mainly due to the rural-urban migration. Gangzur gewog is mostly profound for their rich culture in creating clay pot (dza-zo). This tradition art form, shrouded in the midst of time, is asource of pride for the people of gangzur gewog.
# Gliksberg

Gliksberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Chaim Gliksberg (1904–1970), Israeli painter
* Shimon Yaakov Gliksberg (1870–1950), Polish Rabbi
# List of football clubs in Laos

This is a list of football clubs located in Laos, sorted by alphabetically.
* Ai-Sport FC
* Bank F.C.
* Champasak United F.C.
* CSC Champa F.C.
* Eastern Star F.C.
* Electricite du Laos F.C.
* Evo United
* Ezra F.C.
* Friends Development F.C.
* HBT 941 FC
* Hoang Anh Attapeu F.C.
* Lanexang United F.C.
* Lao Airlines F.C
* Lao-American College F.C.
* Lao Army
* Luang Prabang FC
* Master 7 FC
* Ministry of Public Security
* Ministry of Public Works and Transport F.C.
* Muanghat United FC
* Namtha United
* National University of Laos F.C.
* Savannakhet F.C.
* Viengchanh F.C.
* Vientiane F.C.
* Vientiane FT
* Yotha F.C.
* Young Elephants
# Fujifilm FinePix S3000

The Fujifilm FinePix S3000 is a 3.2 megapixel digital camera with a 6x optical zoom lens. The camera was introduced in 2003 as the replacement for the FinePix 3800.
# Edward Nelson, 5th Earl Nelson

Edward Agar Horatio Nelson, 5th Earl Nelson (10 August 1860 – 30 January 1951), was a British peer, inheriting the earldom in September 1947 from his older brother, Thomas Nelson, 4th Earl Nelson.
Born at Trafalgar Park in Wiltshire, he was the younger son of Horatio Nelson, 3rd Earl Nelson, and his wife, Lady Mary Jane Diana (née Agar). He was known as The Hon. Edward Nelson for almost all of his life, up until he became Earl Nelson in September 1947. He married Geraldine Haddon Cave in 1889 and with her had eight children:
* Albert Francis Joseph Horatio Nelson, 6th Earl Nelson
* Henry Edward Joseph Horatio Nelson, 7th Earl Nelson
* Lt.-Col. Hon. Charles Sebastian Joseph Horatio Nelson (1896–1964)
* Lady Edith Mary Josephine Nelson (1897–1978)
* Lady Mary Winifred Nelson (1899–1984)
* Lady Geraldine Mary Diana Nelson (1900–1982)
* George Joseph Horatio Nelson, 8th Earl Nelson
* Hon. John Marie Joseph Horatio Nelson (1908–1970).
Edward Nelson was a Lieutenant in the 3rd Battalion the Wiltshire Regiment with whom he served on the Nile Expedition of 1885–86.
During the Second World War, the North and South Wings of Trafalgar Park were occupied by tenants with Thomas, 4th Earl Nelson, and Edward Agar Nelson living in the main house. He inherited Trafalgar Park in 1947 and sold it in 1948 as a result of the loss of the government pension attached to his title and Death Duties imposed on the estate following the death of his brother.
Lord Nelson died in London in January 1951 aged 90, and on his death the title passed to his son Albert Nelson. Edward had only been Earl Nelson for three years and four months exactly at the time of his death.
# Back Stage Bar

Back Stage Bar is a bar and restaurant operated by McMenamins in Portland, Oregon, United States.

## Description

Back Stage Bar is located behind Bagdad Theatre in Southeast Portland's Richmond neighborhood. The interior has billiard tables, vaulted ceilings, three-story oriental rugs, and a sign from the Jockey Club, a defunct dive bar along North Killingsworth. Portland Monthly says, "If you're not quite ready to run the table, odds are you'll dig the mellow scene at Back Stage Bar, where clusters of cue-wielding Hawthorne hipsters are all in good, groovy moods."

## History

In 2017, the 30-foot (9.1 m) long, 19th-century bar previously used at the Lotus Cafe was installed at Back Stage.

## Reception

In 2014, Samantha Bakall included Back Stage Bar in The Oregonian's list of "Portland's 10 best bars for games". The newspaper also included Back Stage Bar in a list of the city's 100 best bars.
# Oshkosh West High School

Oshkosh West High School is a public high school in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, and part of the Oshkosh Area School District. As of 2019, the school has 1,691 students in grades 9 through 12. Originally known as Oshkosh High School when the building was opened in 1961, its name was changed when Oshkosh North High School was built in 1972. The facility holds a swimming pool and three gyms, as well as the Alberta Kimball Auditorium.

## Extracurricular activities

As of the 2018–2019 school year, Oshkosh West has 53 student clubs and 23 sports, 11 for males and 12 for females, all participating in the Fox Valley Association. The Oshkosh West Boys Basketball team was undefeated in 2006 and 2007, and won the state Division 1 championship both years. The Oshkosh West Girls Basketball team was the state champion for Division 1 in 2003 and 2004.

## Miscellaneous

* The school mascot is the Wildcat, as depicted in the school logo, in which a feline paw slashes through the capital letter "W". The school song is "On Wisconsin".
* Prior to 2001, the school mascot was the Indian. However, because of controversy about Native American mascots, OWHS changed its mascot to the Wildcat, which was selected in a student vote.
Every November the band goes to the Oshkosh holiday parade

## Notable alumni

* Dylan Postl, professional wrestler
* Dan Weisse, college basketball coach
# Skipper Voss

Skipper Voss (born March 15, 1944) is an American former professional rodeo bullfighter.

## Life and career

Voss began his career in 1961. He joined the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association in 1973 and appeared at the National Finals Rodeo in 1974 and 1978. He initially retired in 1978 due to numerous knee injuries throughout his career, but returned the very next year when the Wrangler bullfighting competitions initiated. He would go on to win the Wrangler bullfighting world championship in 1982.

## Honors

* In 2006, Voss was inducted into the Texas Rodeo Cowboy Hall of Fame.
* In 2015, he was inducted as a member of the inaugural class into the Bull Riding Hall of Fame. That same year, he was inducted into the Central Texas Cowboy Hall of Fame.
* In 2016, he was inducted as a member of the inaugural class into the All Cowboy & Arena Champions Hall of Fame.
* In 2017, he received the South Central Texas Rodeo Ring of Honor.
* In 2023, he was inducted into the National Rodeo Hall of Fame.
# Jan Sosniok

Jan Sosniok (born 14 March 1968 in Gummersbach) is a German actor.
His career began with a role in the German TV soap opera Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten. Sosniok plays in TV-films and sometimes takes theatre-roles. He is well known for his role in the television series Berlin, Berlin as Sven.

## Filmography
### Theatre

* 2006: Die Erbin, Neue Schaubühne München as Morris Townsend

### Television
#### TV series

* 1994–1996: Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten, as Thomas Lehmann
* 1999: Alarm für Cobra 11 – Die Autobahnpolizei, as Bernd Tulbeck
* 2000: Das Traumschiff, as Andreas
* 2000: Küstenwache, as Erik Lorenzen
* 2001: Der Ermittler, as Jürgen Haffner
* 2002: Einsatz Mord – Kommissarin Fleming und der Mord vor der Kamera, as Wolf
* 2002-2005: Berlin, Berlin, as Sven Ehlers
* 2008: Türkisch für Anfänger, as Vladi
* 2010-2014: Danni Lowinski, as Dr. Oliver Schmidt

#### TV films

* 2000: Sascha, as Ferdinand Keppler
* 2002: Das beste Stück, as Mark Demski
* 2004: Das allerbeste Stück, as Mark Demski
* 2004: Liebe ohne Rückfahrschein, as Martin Hansen
* 2005: Full Throttle, as Ben Klinger
* 2005: Macho im Schleudergang, as Tom
* 2006: Verschleppt – Kein Weg zurück, as Sascha
* 2006: Wiedersehen am Fluss (Rosamunde Pilcher), as Robert
* 2007: Die ProSieben Märchenstunde – Die Prinzessin auf der Erbse, as Prinz Herold

### Film

* 2005: Siegfried, as König Gunther
# Shau Kei Wan Road

Shau Kei Wan Road (traditional Chinese: 筲箕灣道; simplified Chinese: 筲箕湾道; pinyin: Shāojīwān Dào; Jyutping: saau1 gei1 waan1 dou6), formerly known as Shaukiwan Road, is the main road in Shau Kei Wan and Sai Wan Ho, Hong Kong.

## History

The road was originally a main road lying on the north coast of Hong Kong Island from Causeway Bay to Shau Kei Wan, passing through North Point, Tsat Tsz Mui and Quarry Bay.
In 1935, the section between the east end of Causeway Road in Causeway Bay and Tai Kat Street near the East Gate of Taikoo Dockyard (present-day Taikoo Shing) was renamed to King's Road for the silver jubilee of the ascendent of George V of the United Kingdom. At the same time, the section from the junction of Causeway Road and King's Road to Power Street was renamed as Electric Road while the section between King's Road and Electric Road was renamed Tung Lo Wan Road.

## Features

The road is shared by Hong Kong Tramways tram tracks.

## Intersecting Streets

Roads are listed West to East.
* King's Road and Tai Koo Shing Road
* Tai Cheong Street
* Tai Foo Street
* Tai Hong Street and Tai Lok Street
* Tai Ning Street
* Tai On Street and Shing On Street - Sai Wan Ho Station is located here.
* Holy Cross Path
* Hoi Ning Street
* Hoi Lee Street
* Hoi An Street
* Hoi Foo Street and Hing Man Street
* Aldrich Bay Road
* Sun Sing Street
* Nam Hong Street
* Nam On Lane
* Aldrich Street
* Chai Wan Road
* Factory Street and Shau Kei Wan Main Street East
# Geschwind

Geschwind is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Daniel Geschwind, American geneticist
* Michael Geschwind, American neurologist
* Nicholas Geschwind (1829–1897), American army officer
* Norman Geschwind (1926–1984), American behavioral neurologist
** Geschwind–Galaburda hypothesis, laterality hypothesis
** Wernicke–Geschwind model, neurological model of language
** Geschwind syndrome, personality syndrome
* Peter Geschwind (1966–2021), Swedish artist
* Rudolf Geschwind (1829–1910), Austrian rosarian
# Johannes Leak

Johannes Leak (born 25 October 1980) is a German-born Australian editorial cartoonist.

## Life

He is the son of cartoonist Bill Leak and Astrid. He lived in Dießen am Ammersee before moving to Australia. He attended Sydney Boys High School and then Julian Ashton Art School for five years on a scholarship.
In February 2021, Leak was awarded a $40,000 contract from the Australian Department of Parliamentary Services to paint an official portrait of former prime minister Tony Abbott.
# Fjarðarheiðargöng

65°15′36″N 14°13′34″W﻿ / ﻿65.260°N 14.226°W﻿ / 65.260; -14.226 Fjarðarheiðargöng (lit. 'Fjarðarheiði Tunnel'), also known as Seyðisfjarðargöng (lit. 'Seyðisfjörður Tunnel'), is a planned road tunnel along route 93 in eastern Iceland. The tunnel would replace a 600m high pass between Seyðisfjörður and Egilsstaðir. Construction is scheduled to begin in 2025 with an expected construction time of about 7 years. The reason for construction is that the pass is often hit by snow storms making it impassable, and that the only car ferry reaching Iceland calls at Seyðisfjörður.
# Laura Vaca

Laura Vaca (born 3 February 1953) is a Mexican former freestyle and medley swimmer. She competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics.