OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Claude Gervaise

Claude Gervaise (1525–1583) was a French composer, editor and arranger of the Renaissance, who is remembered mainly for his association with renowned printer Pierre Attaingnant, and for his instrumental music.

## Life

Little research has been done on Gervaise's life, and details are known only of the period in which he was active in Paris as an assistant to Attaingnant. He first appears around 1540, mentioned as an editor on the title pages for several of Attaingnant's books of instrumental dances. After Attaingnant died in late 1551 or 1552, Gervaise continued to assist Attaingnant's widow, Marie Lescallopier-Attaingnant, in carrying on their publishing business. Where Gervaise went after the last publication under the Attaingnant name in 1558 is not known.

## Music

Gervaise's extant output consists of chansons, mostly for three or four voices, and instrumental music, mostly dances. He appears to have written no sacred music at all, an unusual omission for a composer of the time. In addition to being a composer, he appears to have been an innovator in notation of instrumental music: in an instruction manual for the viol (1548, now lost), he is known to have produced the first viol tablature in France.
His chansons are freely composed, and are mostly settings of long poems (for example huitans). He published a collection of twenty chansons for four voices in 1541. The remaining chansons, for three voices, are arrangements of his previous pieces for four; this collection came out in 1550. Stylistically, all are typical of French chanson composition of the 1540s: polyphonic but concise.
His instrumental music is the most famous portion of his output. Most of his music is in four parts, and is intended for dancing. The principal forms employed are the pavane, galliarde, and branle; and the varieties of the branle are the courant, gay and simple. One of his pavanes, the Pavane passemaize, incorporates the famous passamezzo antico bass line.
The melodies are simple in his instrumental music, and the texture is almost always homophonic, making the music ideal for dancing.
# Bernard (crater)

Bernard is a large crater in the Memnonia quadrangle of Mars, located at 23.4° south latitude and 154.2° west longitude. It is 128 km in diameter and was named after P. Bernard, a French atmospheric scientist. The floor of the crater contains large cracks, which may be due to erosion.
Impact craters generally have a rim with ejecta around them, in contrast volcanic craters usually do not have a rim or ejecta deposits. As craters get larger (greater than 10 km in diameter) they usually have a central peak. The peak is caused by a rebound of the crater floor following the impact. If one measures the diameter of a crater, the original depth can be estimated with various ratios. Because of this relationship, researchers have found that many Martian craters contain a great deal of material; much of it is believed to be ice deposited when the climate was different. Sometimes craters expose layers that were buried. Rocks from deep underground are tossed onto the surface. Hence, craters can show us what lies deep under the surface.
* Map showing the relative positions of Bernard Crater and other nearby craters in Memnonia quadrangle
* West side of Bernard Crater, as seen by CTX camera (on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter).
* Close-up of part of floor of Bernard Crater, as seen by CTX camera (on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter).
* Close-up of part of floor of Bernard Crater showing troughs and dust devil tracks, as seen by CTX camera (on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter).
* Bernard Crater Floor, as seen by HiRISE. Large cracks are visible on floor.
* Troughs on the floor of Bernard Crater showing many boulders, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program
* Troughs on the floor of Bernard Crater, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program
# Apple Day

Apple Day is an annual celebration of apples and orchards, held in October. It is celebrated mainly in the United Kingdom. It traditionally falls on 21 October, the date of the first such event in 1990, but events are held throughout the month. It is commonly a weekend event, usually taking place on the Saturday and Sunday closest to 30 October.
Apple Day events can be large or small, from apple games in a garden to large village fairs with cookery demonstrations, games, apple identification, juice and cider, gardening advice, and the sale of many hundreds of apple varieties.

## History

Apple Day was initiated by Common Ground on 21 October 1990 at an event in Covent Garden, London, and has been celebrated in each subsequent year. By 2000 the day was celebrated in more than 600 events around the United Kingdom. Common Ground describe the day as a way of celebrating and demonstrating that variety and richness matter to a locality and that it is possible to effect change in your place. Common Ground has used the apple as a symbol of the physical, cultural and genetic diversity we should not let slip away. In linking particular apples with their place of origin, they hope that orchards will be recognized and conserved for their contribution to local distinctiveness, including the rich diversity of wild life they support. Apple Day is celebrated in October because August to November are usually the main time of year for apples during the autumn season, especially in the Northern Hemisphere.

## Media

"Apple Day" is the title of a song by UK songwriter Phil Baggaley, formerly of songwriting duo Phil and John, and founder of Gold Records. The song was sung by the Christian gospel group Harbour Lights (no longer extant) on their 2006 album "Leaving Safe Anchorage". The song refers to Apple Day - and likens the converting of old bruised apples into cider to spiritual renewal and invites the listener to participate with the words "Meet me down at Apple Day, come and bring the fruit that's fallen, we'll turn it into something new .."
Apple Day is celebrated by the villagers in the radio soap-opera The Archers.
# Austria at the 1976 Winter Paralympics

Austria competed at the 1976 Winter Paralympics in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden. 24 competitors from Austria won 35 medals including 5 gold, 16 silver and 14 bronze and finished 6th in the medal table.

## Alpine skiing

The medalists are:
* Adolf Hagn, Men's Giant Slalom IV B
* Franz Meister, Men's Slalom I
* Josef Meusburger, Men's Slalom II
* Herbert Millendorfer, Men's Alpine Combination II
* Horst Morokutti, Men's Alpine Combination IV B
* Anton Berger, Men's Giant Slalom IV A
* Manfred Brandl, Men's Alpine Combination III
* Manfred Brandl, Men's Giant Slalom III
* Manfred Brandl, Men's Slalom III
* Adolf Hagn, Men's Alpine Combination IV B
* Heidi Jauk, Women's Alpine Combination II
* Heidi Jauk, Women's Giant Slalom II
* Heidi Jauk, Women's Slalom II
* Franz Meister, Men's Alpine Combination I
* Herbert Millendorfer, Men's Giant Slalom II
* Horst Morokutti, Men's Giant Slalom IV B
* Horst Morokutti, Men's Slalom IV B
* Peter Perner, Men's Slalom I
* Brigitte Rajchl, Women's Alpine Combination I
* Brigitte Rajchl, Women's Giant Slalom I
* Ursula Steiger, Women's Slalom I
* Anton Berger, Men's Alpine Combination IV A
* Willi Berger, Men's Alpine Combination IV B
* Willi Berger, Men's Slalom IV B
* Walter Laurer, Men's Alpine Combination I
* Anton Ledermaier, Men's Giant Slalom IV A
* Franz Meister, Men's Giant Slalom I
* Herbert Millendorfer, Men's Slalom II
* Franz Perner, Men's Alpine Combination III
* Franz Perner, Men's Giant Slalom III
* Franz Perner, Men's Slalom III
* Brigitte Rajchl, Women's Slalom I
* Ursula Steiger, Women's Alpine Combination I
* Ursula Steiger, Women's Giant Slalom I

## Cross-country

The medalists are:
* Wolfgang Pickl, Josef Scheiber, Eugen Wilhelm Men's 3x10 km Relay III-IV B
# John Herald

John Herald (September 6, 1939 – July 18, 2005) was an American folk and bluegrass songwriter, solo and studio musician and one-time member of The Greenbriar Boys trio.

## Biography

Herald was born in Manhattan in 1939, to an Armenian born poet father Leon Srabian Herald. Through his father, Herald was exposed to live performances by blues and folk legends Lead Belly and Woody Guthrie. At a summer camp concert when he was 15, he met Pete Seeger and was further influenced by Don Larkin’s bluegrass program on a New Jersey radio station while attending Manumit School, a Christian socialist boarding school in Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
In 1958, Herald formed The Greenbriar Boys, along with Bob Yellin (banjo) and Paul Prestopino (mandolin). The following year, Eric Weissberg (mandolin and fiddle), replaced Prestopino, and Weissberg was soon replaced by Ralph Rinzler (mandolin). Herald was lead guitarist and vocalist. The trio often played the Greenwich Village scene and were notable enough to be the first Northern group to win the Union Grove Fiddler's Convention competition, where Yellin also took top honors for banjo. Shortly after backing Joan Baez on her second LP, The Greenbriar Boys were signed to Vanguard Records, for whom they released three records. In 1969, Linda Ronstadt recorded Herald's "High Muddy Water." Two years previously, she had recreated his vocal of Mike Nesmith's "Different Drum," which became a hit for her band the Stone Poneys.
After the trio split up, Herald played sessions for Vanguard. In 1972, he recorded an eponymous solo album for Paramount Records, then went "electric country bluegrass" on a 1978 disc featuring the John Herald Band (a group he'd formed while living in Philadelphia in 1976). Reviewing the solo album in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau wrote: "This casually joyous solo debut by the former Greenbriar Boy gives in at times to such folky vices as mere flash, mere lyricism, and mere whimsy. But 'Fire Song,' a casually joyous ditty about how his house burned down, and 'Brother Sam,' unpresumptuous compassion for a returned Vietnam vet, should inspire Paul Simon to work real hard on the follow-up. And his high notes should inspire Art Garfunkel to go back to architecture school."
Herald's last recording was Roll On John in 2000. He was working on new material in 2005 when, on July 19, his body was found in his home in West Hurley, New York. The state police suspected suicide, although no official cause was released.
# Sir Allan MacNab Secondary School

Sir Allan MacNab Secondary School is located at 145 Magnolia Drive in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and is a member of the Hamilton-Wentworth District School Board. Sir Allan MacNab Secondary School opened in 1969 and as of January 2016 has 873 students. The school was founded in 1969 and is named for Sir Allan MacNab, the last Premier of Upper Canada before Confederation and a resident, lawyer and politician in Hamilton from 1826 until his death in 1862 at his home, Dundurn Castle. Located on the west mountain of Hamilton, the school catchment area extends into Glanbrook and Ancaster.

## Notable alumni

* Shai Gilgeous-Alexander –Basketball player in the NBA
* Ashley Leggat – Canadian actress
* Mark Anthony Graham – Canadian Olympic track and field athlete
* Kurtis Conner – Internet personality
* Jennifer Keesmaat - Former Chief Planner - City of Toronto (2012-2017)
* Jason Thorne - Chief planner - City of Toronto (Current)
* Aubrey Cummings - Former CFL Player and Grey Cup Champion with the Calgary Stampeders 1998
# Estienne du Tertre

Estienne du Tertre (fl. mid-16th century) was a French composer. He spent most of his life in Paris and worked as an editor for the publisher Attaingnant, notably succeeding Claude Gervaise as the editor of Attaignant's collections of Danseries: he was responsible for seventh volume of this series which appeared in 1557. He is the first editor to use the term suytte (suite) for collections of Bransles. In addition to his work with Attaignant, he is the author of fifty-seven complete and fourteen fragmentary published chansons which appeared between 1543 and 1568 largely in collections published by Attaignant and Nicolas du Chemin. There are also twenty five of his songs that use the same texts as songs by Clément Janequin.
# David M. Maddox

David M. Maddox (born 5 April 1938) is a retired United States Army four-star general who served as Commander in Chief, United States Army Europe/Commander, Central Army Group from 1992 to 1993 and Commander in Chief, United States Army Europe from 1993 to 1994. He commanded the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment from 1981 to 1983. He is a 1960 graduate of Virginia Military Institute. He received his Master of Science in Applied Science (Operations Research) from Southern Illinois University in 1969.
Maddox spent much of his time towards the end of his career transitioning the army in Europe to a post-Cold War stance. After retiring from the army, Maddox has worked as an independent consultant to industry and the government. He has also served on the Defense Science Board, is a Senior Fellow of the Army Science Board, and a member of the Washington Institute of Foreign Affairs. He was also elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2004 for contributions to making operations research an integral part of U.S. Army planning and operations at all levels.
In October 2007, Maddox was part of a six-member panel appointed by Secretary of the Army Pete Geren that issued a report critical of the Pentagon's procedures for appointing and supervising contracting officers. He served as a member of the Department of the Army 120-day study, commissioned by Secretary of the Army John McHugh, to examine its acquisition organizations, policies, workforce and processes, including how it acquires and handles equipment.
Maddox received the Military Operations Research Society's Wanner Award for outstanding contributions to the progress of this advanced profession, the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences' J. Steinhardt prize for lifetime contributions to the practical applications of OR techniques for the solution of military problems, and is a member of the Army Operations Research Society Hall of Fame.

## Awards and decorations

* Combat Infantryman Badge
* Basic Parachutist Badge
* Army Staff Identification Badge
* 4 Overseas Service Bars
* Army Distinguished Service Medal
* Legion of Merit with one silver oak leaf cluster
* Bronze Star Medal
* Meritorious Service Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster
* Air Medal with bronze award numeral 2
* Army Commendation Medal
* National Defense Service Medal with one bronze service star
* Vietnam Service Medal with four Service stars
* Army Service Ribbon
* Army Overseas Service Ribbon with numeral 3
* Badge of Honour of the Bundeswehr in gold
* Gallantry Cross (Vietnam) with bronze star
* Vietnam Armed Forces Honor Medal 1st class with palm
* Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation
* Vietnam Civil Actions Medal Unit Citation
* Vietnam Campaign Medal
# Dangerous Parking

Dangerous Parking is a 2007 drama film written and directed by Peter Howitt based on the novel of the same name by Stuart Browne, who died in 1999.

## Plot

Dangerous Parking tells the story of Noah Arkwright, a cult director in the indie film world, whose life is dominated by alcohol, drugs, and casual sex.
Alcoholism and drug addiction have him firmly in their grasp - but Noah has no interest in acknowledging either until Kirstin, a reformed alcoholic, convinces him that he is heading for destruction and sets him on the path to reclaim himself.
With the help of his best friend Ray and his new girlfriend Claire, Noah attempts to get his life back together. And that is when Mother Nature deals him the cruelest blow of all.

## Cast

* Peter Howitt as Noah Arkwright
* Saffron Burrows as Claire Matteson
* Sean Pertwee as Ray Molina
* Rachael Stirling as Kirstin
* Tom Conti as Doc Baker
* Alice Evans as Etta
* Victor McGuire as Harry
* Vincenzo Nicoli as Greek Fisherman

## Production

Peter Howitt adapted the novel into a screenplay and directed the film, which he produced with Richard Johns.
Principal photography was completed on 16 November 2006; the film was completed in May 2007.

## Awards

* Tokyo International Film Festival (2007) - Best Director - Peter Howitt
# Jumpshare

Jumpshare is a visual communication platform that offers screen recording, screenshot capture and annotation, GIF creation, file sharing, and other collaborative tools in a single app. It is available on Windows, macOS, iOS, and as a Web app. Jumpshare uses a freemium business model, providing free accounts with limited features and a paid subscription that includes unlimited recording time, access to Jumpshare AI, and advanced features such as captions and transcriptions, call-to-action buttons, video and audio editing, enhanced sharing options, password protection, analytics, and custom branding.

## History

The company was founded by Ghaus Iftikhar in October 2011. Initially, Jumpshare allowed guest users to upload and share files; signing up was later made mandatory. Jumpshare expanded the offering by introducing screenshot capture and video recording tools on August 19, 2015.
# Austria at the 1988 Summer Paralympics

Austria competed at the 1988 Summer Paralympics in Seoul, South Korea. 43 competitors from Austria won 35 medals including 13 gold, 7 silver and 15 bronze and finished 20th in the medal table.
# Korean Academy of Science and Technology

The Korean Academy of Science and Technology (KAST) is South Korea's highest academy of science and serves as an integrated think-tank for the country's science and technology. It contributes to national development by promoting science and technology through active participation of its member scientists and engineers who have demonstrated professional excellence domestically and internationally in their respective fields.
KAST will contribute to the globalization of science and technology by playing the role of the principal contact point for international cooperation and information exchanges, through bilateral and/or multilateral academic exchange programs with foreign academies, public semi-scientific lectures and "Science Hall of Fame" program, cooperation with international scientific and technological organizations, and friendly relations and exchanges with overseas scholars.
KAST was founded in 1994 to play a strong role in helping South Korea climb the technology ladder. KAST has also served to encourage cooperation between scientists in South and North Korea in the science and technology sector. The non-profit institute has also strengthened global cooperation by operating the secretariat for the 17-member Association of Academies of Science in Asia (AASA) since 2000.

## International standing

KAST is an internationally recognized academy of science. KAST has 34 Nobel Laureates amongst its foreign members including Steven Chu, who is a co-winner of Nobel Prize in Physics in 1997 and head of the U.S. Department of Energy during the Barack Obama administration, Robert B. Laughlin, head of the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and Jerome I. Friedman, who earned the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics.

## Awards

KAST and DuPont Korea cooperate in awarding the DuPont Science Award. The award recognizes South Korean scientists' contribution to scientific studies and advancement in the country and serves to encourage further excellence. Since 1997, KAST also presents the annual Young Scientist Award to four individuals in research fields. Many of the winners are employed at SKY, KAIST, or POSTECH at the time of the award and later frequently work for KAIST or the Institute for Basic Science.

## List of presidents

* Cho Wan Kyoo (조완규) (November 1994 – March 1998)
* Jhon Mu Shik (전무식) (March 1998 – January 2001)
* Han In Kyu (한인규) (January 2001 – February 2004)
* Chung KunMo (정근모) (February 2004 – February 2007) a former department head at the International Atomic Energy Agency
* Rhee Hyun-Ku (이현구) (February 2007 – March 2010)
* Chung Kil-Saeng (정길생) (March 2010 – March 2013)
* Park Sung Hyun (박성현) (March 2013 – March 2016)
* Lee Myung-Chul (이명철) (March 2016 – March 2019)
* Han Min-Koo (한민구) (March 2019 – March 2022)
* Yoo Ook Joon (유욱준) (March 2022 – current)
# Kilsfjord Church

Kilsfjord Church (Norwegian: Kilsfjord kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in the municipality of Volda in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Straumshamn, at the southern end of the Kilsfjorden. It is the church for the Kilsfjord parish which is part of the Søre Sunnmøre prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The concrete church was built in a rectangular "modern" design in 1974 using plans drawn up by the architect Alf Apelseth. The church seats about 200 people.

## History

The church in Straumshamn was established in 1974. The concrete church was designed by Alf Apelseth. The church has a rectangular design meaning that the nave and chancel areas are both in the same room. The church has striking similarities to Nordsida Church in Stryn, which was designed by the same architect and was consecrated the year before. This church was consecrated on 28 April 1974.
# Zumurrud (crater)

Zumurrud is a large impact crater on the anti-Saturn hemisphere of Saturn's moon Enceladus. Zumurrud was first observed in Cassini images during that mission's March 2005 flyby of Enceladus. It is located at 21.9° South Latitude, 181.6° West Longitude, and is 21 kilometers across. Images taken by Cassini during its March and July 2005 flybys of Enceladus revealed a great deal about the geology of this impact crater. Since formation, Zumurrud has been modified by viscous relaxation (forming an updomed floor like those seen in similar-sized craters on Enceladus, like Shahrazad), tectonic fracturing along the crater's rim, forming canyons hundreds of meters deep, and subsequent cratering, like the small crater along Zumurrud's western rim. In addition, brightness variations can be seen along the eastern crater wall, suggesting variations in water ice grain size.
Zumurrud is named after the female character in the tale "Ali Shar and Zumurrud" from The Book of One Thousand and One Nights.
# LibertyBus

LibertyBus is a bus operator on the island of Jersey. It is a subsidiary of the Kelsian Group.

## History

In February 2012, the HCT Group was awarded a contract by the States of Jersey to operate the island's bus services from January 2013 for seven years with a three-year option taking over from MyBus. The operation was branded LibertyBus after a public vote. LibertyBus also won the Jersey Chartered Institute of Marketing Award, for Best Brand Campaign 2013 for the LibertyBus brand.
In September 2022, the HCT Group sold both LibertyBus and Guernsey's buses.gg operation to the Kelsian Group, following a period of extended financial difficulties for the HCT Group that resulted in the sale of most of its subsidiaries.

## AvanchiCard

A smart card payment system named AvanchiCard was introduced in 2013. The name AvanchiCard comes from avanchi, which means advance or move forward in Jèrriais – Jersey’s traditional language. The name was chosen by Jersey’s children and young people through a competition organised with local schools.
LibertyBus have a range of AvanchiCards to suit individual travelling needs: AvanchiCard Concession (senior citizen card), AvanchiCard Visitor (various unlimited single and family passes for visitors to the Island), AvanchiCard Unlimited (Weekly, Monthly & Annual unlimited), AvanchiCard Student and AvanchiCard PAYG (pay-as-you-go).

## Fleet

As of October 2022, the LibertyBus fleet consisted of 58 single and double-decker buses.
Prior to their commencement of operations in 2012, LibertyBus took delivery of 33 'Slimline' Optare Solo SRs. In 2013, six Alexander Dennis Enviro400s were also delivered, the first double-decker buses purchased new for the island for many years. In November 2023, two Mellor Sigma 8 electric buses were purchased, which entered service the next month.