OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Desert rat

Desert rat or Desert Rat or their plurals may refer to:

## Rodents

* Gerbils (Gerbillinae) of the deserts of Africa and Asia
* Jerboas (Dipodidae) of the deserts of North Africa and Asia
* Kangaroo rats (Dipodomys) from North America
* Natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis) from Africa

## Military

* Desert Rats, the British 7th Armoured Division in World War II
* The Desert Rats (film), 1953 war film starring Richard Burton
* Operation Desert Rat, a military offensive of the Laotian Civil War

## Other

* Desert Research and Technology Studies, or Desert RATS, a set of field trials conducted by NASA
* Desert Rat Scrap Book, a California humor publication (1945–1967) focusing on the American Southwest
* Desert Rats, a book by Charles Lewis Camp
# Barra do Ouro

Barra do Ouro is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Tocantins. Its population is estimated at 4,632 (2020) and its area is 1,106 km².
# Alfred Hampson

Alfred John Hampson (15 September 1864 – 19 May 1924) was an Australian politician.
Born in White Hills, a suburb of Bendigo, Victoria, Hampson received a primary education before becoming a eucalyptus and soap manufacturer. In 1911, he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the Labor member for Bendigo East. He remained in that position until 1915, when he transferred to the Australian House of Representatives, winning a by-election for the seat of Bendigo. He remained in Parliament until 1917, when the Nationalist Prime Minister, Billy Hughes, contested the seat and defeated Hampson.
Hampson remains the only sitting MP to have been challenged and ousted by the sitting prime minister for his seat.
Following his defeat, Hampson enlisted with the AIF on 23 October 1917, giving his date of birth as 15 September 1868, and his wife Alice Maud Caroline Hampson of 76 Addison Street, Elwood (at that time very much a working-class suburb) as his next of kin. He embarked for France in November 1917, serving with the 2nd Railway Company. Returning to Australia in October 1919, he was appointed as an inspector for the Victorian Closer Settlement Board.
Hampson's body was found in his car in Nandaly, Victoria, his death having apparently been caused by a heart attack. He was buried in the Bendigo cemetery.
# Insertion sequence

Insertion element (also known as an IS, an insertion sequence element, or an IS element) is a short DNA sequence that acts as a simple transposable element. Insertion sequences have two major characteristics: they are small relative to other transposable elements (generally around 700 to 2500 bp in length) and only code for proteins implicated in the transposition activity (they are thus different from other transposons, which also carry accessory genes such as antibiotic resistance genes).
A particular insertion sequence may be named according to the form ISn, where n is a number (e.g. IS1, IS2, IS3, IS10, IS50, IS911, IS26 etc.); this is not the only naming scheme used, however.

## Composition

These proteins are usually the transposase which catalyses the enzymatic reaction allowing the IS to move, and also one regulatory protein which either stimulates or inhibits the transposition activity. The coding region in an insertion sequence is usually flanked by inverted repeats. For example, the well-known IS911 (1250 bp) is flanked by two 36bp inverted repeat extremities and the coding region has two genes partially overlapping orfA and orfAB, coding the transposase (OrfAB) and a regulatory protein (OrfA).
In addition to occurring autonomously, insertion sequences may also occur as parts of composite transposons. In a composite transposon, two insertion sequences flank one or more accessory genes, such as an antibiotic resistance gene (e.g. Tn10, Tn5). Nevertheless, there exist another sort of transposons, called unit transposons, that do not carry insertion sequences at their extremities (e.g. Tn7).
A complex transposon does not rely on flanking insertion sequences for resolvase. The resolvase is part of the tns genome and cuts at flanking inverted repeats.

## Evolutionary role

Although insertion sequences are usually discussed in the context of prokaryotic genomes, certain eukaryotic DNA sequences belonging to the family of Tc1/mariner transposable elements may be considered to be insertion sequences.
Transposition frequency of IS elements is dependent of multiple parameters, including culture growth phase, medium composition, oxygen tension, growth scale, and structural conformation of target sites (e.g.: curvature, presence of certain motifs, DNA composition). Recombination between genomic IS sites can enable bacteria to adapt to new environments, making IS elements an important mechanism for evolution in bacteria.
# Ronny Sydney

Ronny Jane Sydney (née Metz; born July 10, 1938) is an American teacher, lawyer, and politician who represented the 15th Norfolk District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1999 to 2001.

## Early life and education

She was born on July 10, 1938, in Brooklyn, New York, to Ruth Frankel and M. Stanley Metz.
She graduated from the University of Massachusetts Amherst with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Sociology in 1960, Newton College with a Master of Education degree in 1972, and from Boston College Law School with a Juris Doctor in 1987.
She later became a teacher working for the Brookline Public School district.

## Legal career

She has practiced law in Boston and Brookline. She formerly practiced law with Israel, Van Kooy & Days, LLC.

## Political career

She was a member and later chair of the Brookline Board of Selectmen from 1992 to 1998.

### Massachusetts House of Representatives

In 1998, Sydney defeated 14-term incumbent John Businger in the Democratic primary for the 15th Norfolk District House seat by 35 votes. She ran unopposed in the general election.
In 2000, Sydney lost to Brookline School Committee member Frank Smizik 2,517 votes to 2,336.

### Broward County Democratic Party

Between 2017 and 2018 she served as an area leader for the Broward County Democratic Party representing Coconut Creek and Margate in Florida.

## Post-political career

She was later a family law attorney for the BNI Brookline Networkers. She is now retired from practicing law and resides in Coconut Creek, Florida.
# Paula Romero

Paula Romero Chaparro (born 29 May 1998) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a defender for Sporting de Huelva.

## Club career

Romero started her career at Sporting de Huelva.
# Eshwari Bai

Jetti Eshwari Bai (1 December 1918 – 25 February 1991) was an Indian politician, a Member of the Legislative Assembly and president of the Republican Party of India. She worked for the upliftment of the backward classes who were subjected to slavery and caste discrimination for generations by the upper castes.

## Life

Eshwari Bai was born on 1 December 1918. She started her career as a teacher in Paropakarini School in Secunderabad and later started a school named Geetha Vidyalaya in Chilkalguda, Secunderabad. She held workshops for the poor women of the locality, who learned crafting, tailoring, painting etc., helping economically poor women to secure to support themselves and their families.
Bai was elected as a councillor of the Secunderabad Municipal Corporation in 1950.
She founded the Civic Rights Committee (CRC) in the 1960s to contest the Hyderabad municipal elections as an apolitical party. It won four seats in those elections.
Inspired by B. R. Ambedkar, Bai joined the Scheduled Castes Federation (SCF) and in 1958, when SCF was renamed as the Republican Party of India (RPI), she was elected as general secretary. She went on to become the president of RPI later. In 1962 general elections she lost on RPI ticket from Yellareddy Assembly constituency, but won in the 1967 polls. She was the vice chairperson of the Telangana Praja Samithi (TPS) and won a ticket in 1972 elections again from Yellareddy on an RPI – TPS ticket.
As a chairperson of the Women and Child Welfare, Bai was instrumental in bringing legislation for free education of girl students up to higher education. She was the secretary of Indian Conference of Social Welfare and member of the Indian Red Cross Society. She also fought for separate statehood for Telangana in 1969 and was imprisoned at the Chanchalguda jail in Hyderabad.

## Personal life

Bai had four brothers and a sister. She was married to Jetti Laxminarayana, a dentist from Pune, at the age of 13. Her daughter, J. Geeta Reddy, is a politician with the Indian National Congress party.
Bai died on 25 February 1991.
The Eshwari Bai Memorial Award was instituted in her honour.
# Acacia comans

Acacia comans is a species of shrub in the family Fabaceae. It is native to an area along the west coast of western Australia.

## Description

The shrub typically grows to a height of 0.3 to 2 metres (1 to 7 ft) and has a spreading habit. It has slightly ribbed and terete branchlets that are densely covered with straight spreading hairs and have acicular and persistent stipules with a length of 1.5 to 2.3 mm (0.059 to 0.091 in). Like most species of Acacia it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. The sessile, rigid and evergreen phyllodes have a widely elliptic to oblong shape and are inequilateral with a length of 3.5 to 9 mm (0.14 to 0.35 in) and a width of 1.5 to 5 mm (0.059 to 0.197 in) and have three to four distant and raised main nerves. It blooms from June to September and produces yellow flowers.

## Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanist William Vincent Fitzgerald in 1904 as part of the work Additions to the West Australian Flora as published in the Journal of the West Australian Natural History Society. It was reclassified as Racosperma comans by Leslie Pedley in 2003 then transferred back to genus Acacia in 2006.

## Distribution

It is native to an area in the Mid West region of Western Australia where it is commonly situated on sandplains growing in sandy soils. The shrubs range extends from around Geraldton in the north to around Coorow in the south.
# Harmon Seawel

Harmon Ray Seawel (born May 5, 1943) is an American politician who served as a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from 1999 to 2005. A Democrat, he was the House's majority leader from 2001 to 2005.
# Kirti Patel

Kirti Karshanbhai Patel (born 27 November 1969 in Indore, Madhya Pradesh) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Madhya Pradesh. He made his first-class debut in 1987 and played until 1998 in 61 first-class and 22 List A matches as wicket-keeper-batsman.
# Blanche River (Felton River tributary)

The Blanche river (French: rivière Blanche, pronounced, lit. 'White River') is a tributary of the Felton River which flows into the Baie Sauvage to the south of Grand lac Saint François which constitutes the head lake of the Saint-François River.
The course of the "Blanche River" crosses the territories of the municipalities of Milan, Nantes, Stornoway and Saint-Romain, in the Le Granit Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Estrie, on the Rive-South of the St. Lawrence River, in the province of Quebec, Canada.

## Geography

The main hydrographic slopes close to the "Blanche river" are:
* north side: Felton River, Grand lac Saint François;
* east side: Noire River, Glen River;
* south side: Turcotte stream;
* west side: Legendre River.
The Blanche River originates north of the village of Milan, on the north side of route 214.
The Blanche river flows over:
* 4.3 kilometres (2.7 mi) heading east along (on the north side) route 214;
* 5.4 kilometres (3.4 mi) northward, to the confluence of a stream (coming from the west);
* 1.6 kilometres (0.99 mi) north, to Chemin de la Yard;
* 6.3 kilometres (3.9 mi) northward, up to the municipal boundary between Milan and Nantes;
* 0.6 kilometres (0.37 mi) towards the north, in the municipality of Nantes;
* 5.6 kilometres (3.5 mi) north, up to route 161;
* 7.7 kilometres (4.8 mi) north, winding up to its mouth.
The Blanche River empties at the confluence of the Noire River which is the start of the Felton River.

## Toponymy

The toponym "rivière Blanche" was officially registered on December 18, 1979, at the Commission de toponymie du Québec.
# Poland at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics

Poland competed at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics in Seville, Spain, from 20 – 29 August 1999.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Event | Date |
| Gold | Tomasz Czubak Robert Maćkowiak Jacek Bocian Piotr Haczek | 4 × 400 metres relay | 29 August |
# Thomas R. Hamer

Thomas Ray Hamer (May 4, 1864 – December 22, 1950) was a United States Representative from Idaho. Hamer served as a single term as a Republican in the House from 1909 to 1911, representing the state at-large. Hamer attended Hedding College, and Indiana University School of Law - Bloomington (now Indiana University Maurer School of Law), and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in St. Anthony, Idaho, in 1893. He engaged in agricultural pursuits in Fremont County, Idaho before entering politics. He was a member of the Idaho House of Representatives in 1896 and served until 1898 when he enlisted as a private in the First Regiment, Idaho Volunteer Infantry and served as captain and lieutenant colonel in the Philippine–American War. After his term in congress, Hamer resumed his law practice in St. Anthony, Idaho engaging in banking at St. Anthony and Boise, Idaho. He would go on to once again serve in the military as a major and lieutenant colonel in the Judge Advocate General’s Department, during the First World War; After his service he would re-locate to Portland, Oregon and practice private law, until 1943, when he retired and moved to Los Angeles, California. He died in Phoenix, Arizona, on December 22, 1950, at the age of 86.
Hamer is the namesake of the city of Hamer, Idaho.
# Margareta Arvay

Margareta Arvay (born 1 October 1937) is a Romanian cross-country skier. She competed in the women's 10 kilometres at the 1956 Winter Olympics.
# Gallipoli–Casarano railway

The Gallipoli–Casarano railway is an Italian 22-kilometre (14-mile) long railway line, that connects Gallipoli with Casarano and Gagliano del Capo. The route operates through the region of Apulia.

## History

The line was opened in 1919.

## Usage

The line is used by the following service(s):
* Local services (Treno regionale) Gallipoli - Casarano
# La genesi del tuo colore

"La genesi del tuo colore" (lit. 'The genesis of your color') is a song by Italian singer Irama. It was released on 4 March 2021 through Warner Records.
The song premiered on the second evening of the Sanremo Music Festival 2021 and it ranked fifth at the end of the competition.

## Composition

The song was written by the artist himself with Dario Faini and Giulio Nenna, both also producer of the trak. In an interview for Rockol Irama explained the meaning of the song and its writing process:
   "The lyrics of the song can be encapsulated in one sentence, it is definitely a hymn to life, a celebration of life. It is up-tempo, so it is an upbeat song, there is so much spirit in it, so much naturalness, so much sincerity and total freedom. On the other hand, there is also a melancholic vein that strongly characterises it. 'La genesi del tuo colore' is a song that was born a cappella: it was born from a vibration, from a feeling. [...] I went and knocked on Dardust's door and then he welcomed me with open arms and we found ourselves in this sort of 'artistic marriage'. It is a marriage of two worlds: there is an orchestral world and an electronic world. These two worlds converge in the same place to generate this power, this energy. [...] In the track you can hear Dardust's hand but at the same time there is also a lot of mine. This made it possible to create something a bit unique, a meeting of several artists. It was very sincere and real."

## Participation in the Sanremo Music Festival

The song was originally supposed to be presented during the first date of the festival, but after one of the artist's collaborators tested positive for the COVID-19 virus, the presentation was postponed until the following evening. The artist was replaced by the singer Noemi, who performed her competition song "Glicine". Despite the singer's negative test result, another contributor tested positive for the virus the following day, forcing the entire Irama staff to undergo a compulsory two-week quarantine, as required by the COVID-19 containment measures in Italy. Given the rules of the event, the artist should have withdrawn from the festival but, thanks to the intervention of Amadeus, presenter and artistic director of Sanremo 2021, Irama was allowed to participate by airing the performance of the song during the general rehearsal on stage.

## Music video

The music video for "La genesi del tuo colore", directed by Gianluigi Carella, was released after the Sanremo premiere via Irama's YouTube channel. It was recorded at the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza, in the city where Irama grew up.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Italy (FIMI) | 3× Platinum | 210,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Block availability map

In computer file systems, a block availability map (BAM) is a data structure used to track disk blocks that are considered free (available for new data). It is used along with a directory to manage files on a disk (originally only a floppy disk, and later also a hard disk).
In terms of Commodore DOS (CBM DOS) compatible disk drives, the BAM was a data structure stored in a reserved area of the disk (its size and location varied based on the physical characteristics of the disk). For each track, the BAM consisted of a bitmap of available blocks and (usually) a count of the available blocks. The count was held in a single byte, as all formats had 256 or fewer blocks per track. The count byte was simply the sum of all 1-bits in the bitmap of bytes for the current track.
The following table illustrates the layout of Commodore 1541 BAM. The table would be larger for higher-capacity disks (described below).
| | Total byte | Bitmap byte 1 | Bitmap byte 2 | Bitmap byte 3 |
| Track 1 | blocks available | Blocks 0–7 | Blocks 8–15 | Blocks 16–23 |
| Track 2 | blocks available | Blocks 0–7 | Blocks 8–15 | Blocks 16–23 |
| Track 35 | blocks available | Blocks 0–7 | Blocks 8–15 | Blocks 16–23 |
The bitmap was contained in 3 bytes for Commodore 1541 format (single-sided) disks because it had 17 to 20 sectors per track (note 3 bytes can hold at least 20 bits). Similarly, the Commodore 1571 used 3 bytes for the bitmap of each track, but the BAM was twice the size because there were twice as many tracks when formatted as double-sided. In contrast, the Commodore 1581 disk drive used 5 bytes for the bitmap because the disk format had 40 blocks per track (note 5 bytes can hold 40 bits).
In the bitmap of any format, a 1 bit indicated the block was available (free), while a 0 bit indicated the block was not available (used), and the bitmap data was stored low-byte first. So the first byte held a map for blocks 0 to 7, the second byte held a map for blocks 8 to 15, and so on. Within a byte, the bitmap was ordered low-bit first. For example, the first byte would represent block 0 with the least significant bit and block 7 with the most significant bit.
Storage devices by Creative Micro Designs, intended for use with CBM computers, also used a Block Availability Map which served the same purpose. However, these devices (FD-2000, FD-4000, and CMD-HD) did not include a count byte, and the bits in each byte were reversed (high-bit first). Although the bits were reversed (compared to CBM formats), the bytes were still stored in the same order (low-byte first).
| | Bitmap byte 1 | Bitmap byte 2 | ... | Bitmap byte 32 |
| Track 1 | Blocks 0–7 | Blocks 8–15 | ... | Blocks 248–255 |
| Track 2 | Blocks 0–7 | Blocks 8–15 | ... | Blocks 248–255 |
# Bismillah ceremony

Bismillah ceremony, also known as Bismillahkhani, is a cultural ceremony celebrated mostly by Muslims from the subcontinent in countries such as Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. It marks the start for a child in learning to recite the Qur'an in its Arabic script. It is not a religiously prescribed milestone. The ceremony marks how a child should read the Qur’an and say prayers properly. The ceremony is named after the bismillah ("In the name of God"), the beginning words in the Qur'an.

## The ceremony

It is held for both boys and girls between the age 4 and 5, sometimes when the child turns four years, four months and four days. The child is dressed in a traditional dress and jewelry and is made to recite the opening phrase of the Qur'ran, Bism illāh ir-raḥmān ir-raḥīm (In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful) (786).
It is traditionally a grand evening affair with family and friends. Lavish food is served for dinner and guests exchange hugs and gifts.
# 1601 in poetry

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

## Events

* John Donne secretly weds Ann More, niece of Sir Thomas Egerton

## Works
### Great Britain

* Nicholas Breton, A Divine Poeme
* Robert Chester, Loues martyr: or, Rosalins complaint
* Henoch Clapham, Aelohim-triune
* Robert Jones:
** The First Booke of Songes or Ayres of Foure Parts
** The Second Booke of Songes and Ayres
* Gervase Markham, Marie Magdalens Lamentations for the Losse of her Master Jesus
* Thomas Morley:
** First Booke of Ayres
** The Triumphes of Oriana
* William Shakespeare, The Phoenix and the Turtle published in Robert Chester's Loves Martyr
* John Weever, The Mirror of Martyrs; or, The Life and Death of that Thrice Valiant Captaine, and Most Godly Martyre, Sir John Old-castle Knight Lord Cobham

### Other

* Jean Bertaut, Recueil des oeuvres poetiques ("Collection of Poetic Works"), France

## Births

* August 22 – Georges de Scudéry (died 1667), French novelist, dramatist and poet; elder brother of Madeleine de Scudéry
* Also:
** John Earle born about this year (died 1665), English bishop, writer and poet
** Antonio Enríquez Gómez (died 1661), Spanish dramatist, poet and novelist
** Saib Tabrizi (died 1677), Persian, master of a form of classical Arabic and Persian lyric poetry known as ghazel

## Deaths

* April 10 – Mark Alexander Boyd (born 1562), Scottish poet and soldier of fortune
* By May – Geoffrey Whitney (born 1548), English poet
* August 4 – Edward Grant (born 1548), English scholar, poet and headmaster of Westminster School
* Late – Daniel Hermann (born c. 1543) Polish–Lithuanian diplomat and Neo-Latin poet
* About this year – Thomas Nashe (born 1567), English pamphleteer, poet and satirist
# Jenny Ogwen

Jenny Ogwen is a Welsh former actress and presenter. She is best known as a weather presenter on the Welsh-language channel S4C.

## Biography
### Early life

Ogwen was born in Llandybie, in Carmarthenshire. Her family moved to Crymych in Pembrokeshire when she was two years old. In her teenage years she was crowned Miss Pembrokeshire 1961 and won the title of Miss Norvic Teenager of the Year in London. She left school at the age of 16 and went to London to be trained as a secretary the following year. She moved back to Wales when she was 19.

### Career

Her first job was working as a secretary for the media news programme The Day. Ogwen later went to present the program Siôn a Siân during the 1960s and children's shows as well as acting in Now You're Talking, a television series for learners. She was a presenter on HTV Wales and later moved to S4C in 1992 as a continuity announcer and presented weather bulletins. Ogwen retired as a weather presenter in August 2004 and was replaced by Erin Roberts.
Her family are also involved in the media. Her husband Euryn Ogwen Williams has been working in the media since the 1960s. Her son Rhodri Williams works with Sky Sports in London and on S4C on programs like Y Clwb Rygbi and Pacio. She is the mother of Sara, who presents on S4C, and she is also grandmother to her daughter, Sophia, who played Catherine Bennett in Pobol y Cwm.