OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# School of Ferrara

The School of Ferrara was a group of painters which flourished in the Duchy of Ferrara during the Renaissance. Ferrara was ruled by the Este family, well known for its patronage of the arts. Patronage was extended with the ascent of Ercole d'Este I in 1470, and the family continued in power till Alfonso II, Ercole's great-grandson, died without an heir in 1597. The duchy was then occupied in succession by Papal and Austrian forces. The school evolved styles of painting that appeared to blend influences from Mantua, Venice, Lombardy, Bologna, and Florence.
The ties to Bolognese School were particularly strong. Much of the local collections, like those of the Gonzaga family in Mantua, were dispersed with the end of the Este line in 1598. Especially in the late 15th century Ferrara was also a main centre of engraving in Italy. The most famous prints it produced are the two sets traditionally, if inaccurately, known as the Mantegna Tarocchi, each by an unidentified master. A list of painters of the School of Ferrara, with the page for the title entry in Camillo Laderchi's 1856 artist biography, includes:

## 14th century and before

* Gelasio di Nicoló, p20
* Cristoforo da Bologna, p28
* Antonio Alberti, p29

## 15th century

* Galasso Galassi
* Cosimo Tura, p30
* Francesco Cossa, p32
* Bono da Ferrara, p33
* Stefano da Ferrara, p37
* Baldassare Estense, p38
* Antonio Aleotti, p39
* Ercole Grandi, p51
* Ludovico Mazzolino, p54
* Michele Cortellini, p39
* Ercole de' Roberti
* Lorenzo Costa, p57
* Francesco and Bernardino Zaganelli da Cotignola, p58
* Benedetto Coda, p59
* Boccaccio Boccaccino
* Domenico Panetti, p61
* Giovanni Battista Benvenuti (also called L'Ortolano Ferrarese) (1490–1525)
* Taddeo Crivelli

## 16th century

* Nicolo Pisano
* Dosso Dossi, p62
* Giovanni Battista Dossi
* Girolamo da Carpi, p105
* Niccolò Roselli, p109
* Benvenuto Tisi (il Garofalo), p73
* Ludovico Mazzolino
* Sigismondo Scarsella, p124
* Scarsellino (Ippolito Scarsella), p125
* Costanzo Cattanio
* Giovanni Francesco Surchi
* Camillo Ricci, p135
* Domenico Mona, p121
* Sebastiano Filippi (Bastianino)
* Gaspare Venturini, p137
* Giovanni Andrea Ghirardoni, p138
* Giovanni Paolo Grazzini, p138
* Jacopo Bambini, p139
* Giulio Cromer, p140

## 17th–18th centuries

* Carlo Bononi (also active in Bologna and Mantua), p141
* Alfonso Rivarola, p153
* Giovanni Battista della Torre, p154
* Camillo Berlinghieri, p155
* Ippolito Caselli, p155
* Francesco Naselli, p156
* Ercole Sarti, p157
* Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (Guercino) born in Cento, p159
* Paolo Antonio Barbieri, p168
* Benedetto Genari the elder, p158
* Cesare Genari, p170
* Giuseppe Caletti, p170
* Ludovico Lana, p172
* Francesco Costanzo Cattaneo, p172
* Giuseppe Bonati, p173
* Giuseppe Avanzi, p175
* Orazio and Cesare Mornasi, p175
* Francesco and Antonio Ferrari, p176
* Francesco Scala, p177
* Maurelio Scanavini, p178
* Giacomo Parolini, p179
* Giuseppe Zola, p181
* Giovanni Francesco Braccioli, p182
* Antonio Contri, p183
* Giuseppe Ghedini, p183
* Giovanni Monti, p184
* Alberto Muchiatti, p184
* Giuseppe Santi, p184
* Giovanni Masi, p185
# Yellow Cab Ambassador

Ambassador was an American automobile produced by the Yellow Cab Company of Chicago, Illinois, between 1921 and 1925.

## History

Initially sold for use as a taxicab, the Model D-1 was introduced as a "drive-yourself" model in 1924.
Yellow Cab introduced the Ambassador in 1921 and explained that "this car was being made up to order". The Ambassador was available as a 4-passenger sport or 7-passenger touring for US$4,500, as well as a Berlin limousine or sedan for $6,500. All featured a 136-inch (3,454 mm) wheelbase and a special 6-cylinder Continental L-head engine.
In 1925 Yellow Cab was taken over by General Motors. John D. Hertz remained as president and the Ambassador D-1 model became the "Hertz". Apart from a larger engine in 1927, production continued with little change until 1928. Most were sedans, although other body styles were available.
# German Army (disambiguation)

The German Army is the land component of the armed forces of Germany and previously West Germany.
German Army may also refer to:
* Land Forces of the National People's Army (1956–1990), the army of East Germany
* German Army (Wehrmacht), the army of Nazi Germany
* Reichsheer, land component of the Reichswehr (1919–1935), the armed forces of the Weimar Republic
* Imperial German Army (1871–1919), the army of the German Empire
* Army of the Holy Roman Empire (1422–1806), the army of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation
* Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Emperor, the private army of the Holy Roman Emperor
* German Army (band), an experimental music act from California
# We the People (court show)

We the People (originally We the People with Gloria Allred, now We the People with Judge Lauren Lake) is an American dramatized court show that originally ran for 2 seasons, debuting on September 12, 2011, and airing in first-run syndication. The series was originally presented by celebrity lawyer Gloria Allred.
The series was revived in 2022 with family lawyer and legal analyst Lauren Lake presiding as arbitrator. It was renamed We the People with Judge Lauren Lake to reflect this.

## with Gloria Allred (2011–13)

The series depicted reenactments of real-life court cases, with Allred playing a judge character. Most of the cases were part scripted and part improvised, with audience participation. No money exchanged hands after the "judgment". This format was similat to other Entertainment Studios' court shows, such as America's Court with Judge Ross, Justice for All with Judge Cristina Pérez, and Supreme Justice with Judge Karen.
We the People With Gloria Allred was renewed for its second and third seasons in March 2012, but NBC Owned Television Stations did not continue to air the series after its first season. During the 2012-2013 season, Entertainment Studios' court shows were the lowest rated in the entire court show genre and We the People was scored the lowest of the three court shows produced by the company.

## with Lauren Lake (2022–)

In 2021, Byron Allen's Entertainment Studios announced a revival of the program in the fall of 2022, with family lawyer and legal analyst Lauren Lake as presiding judge. Lake hosted the Daytime Emmy Award winning court show Lauren Lake's Paternity Court for 7 seasons. It premiered in 2022.
# PM East/PM West

PM East/PM West is a late-night talk show hosted by Mike Wallace and Joyce Davidson in New York City (where the PM East portion originated) and San Francisco Chronicle television critic Terrence O'Flaherty in San Francisco (PM West). The program was seen five nights a week from June 12, 1961, to June 22, 1962.
The show was syndicated by Group W Productions to Westinghouse-owned television stations in Boston, Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Cleveland, San Francisco, as well as to other stations in Washington D.C., New York, Los Angeles and Dallas, Texas. It was scheduled at the same time as NBC's The Tonight Show, then hosted by Jack Paar. Westinghouse, which was only a broadcaster that syndicated its programs through Group W, attempted to compete with NBC, which had had a monopoly on late-night television since Steve Allen had originated The Tonight Show in 1954.
PM East/PM West was never accessible in Chicago, Illinois, the American South, the Pacific Northwest or in the state of Florida. WFAA channel 8 in Dallas, Texas carried it starting with the first episode, but viewers in other Texas cities and in the American Southwest never watched it.

## Episode status

Audio recordings of some of Barbra Streisand's appearances constitute nearly all that survives. The sole episode known to exist in its entirety with moving images and sound, available for viewing at the UCLA Film and Television Archive, is the February 12, 1962, telecast, which was a tribute to George Schaefer. It features actors who worked with Schaefer, including Boris Karloff (who is interviewed by Davidson), Ed Wynn, and Ethel Griffies. Streisand does not appear, nor does anyone mention her name.
In 2018, someone uploaded to YouTube a clip that lasts 4 minutes 46 seconds from an episode in which the guests include comedian Dick Gregory and Victor Lownes, an executive with the company that later became known as Playboy Enterprises. The company owned the Chicago location of the Playboy Club where Gregory performed a short time before his appearance on PM East. As already noted, the program was not seen in Chicago, so it could not help the Playboy Club promote appearances there by Gregory or any other performer.
# Oil reserves in Spain

The oil reserves of Spain have been little exploited but major inshore and offshore deposits were discovered in the late 20th century and early 21st century. There are oil deposits in Burgos (Ayoluengo oil field), Córdoba, the south shore, Cádiz, Sevilla, Jaén, Asturias, Tarragona, Valencia and Canarias. The Tarragona oil deposits, which lie offshore, include the Lubina and Montanazo deposits, all located within the Casablanca oilfield, discovered in 1975, and the largest find in Spain until the 21st century. The Viura gas field was discovered in 2010 in La Rioja, near Logroño; it contains 3 billion cubic meters of natural gas.
Reserves in the oilfields offshore the Canary Islands are estimated at 500 million barrels of crude. In total, in 2014 it was estimated that Spain holds 2.5 billion cubic meters of natural gas and 2 billion barrels of petroleum.

## Size and market value

The Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos (Distinguished Royal College of Geologists), states that Spain could supply itself with crude for 20 years and 70 years of natural gas. In 2022, it was estimated that the value of the already identified gas deposits was €700,000 million, plus €150,000 million for the oil; it was also predicted, that should exploitation begin in earnest, by 2040 the annual economic contribution would be of €44,400 million per year —larger than the GDP contribution of agriculture, or of transportation. The Consejo Superior de Colegios de Ingenieros de Minas (High Council of Associations of Mining Engineers) in 2022 estimated recoverable gas reserves at 40 years of annual national consumption, i.e., 1,300 million cubic meters.

## History of exploration and production

In modern times, hydrocarbon exploration and extraction dates back to 1860. Scientific drilling based on geological principles began in 1940, by CAMPSA and by CIEPSA, a subsidiary of CEPSA. VALDEBRO, a U.S.-Spain consortium brought noteworthy technical advances after 1952. The first commercial success was Castillo-1 (1960), inland Álava, in the Cantabrian-Basque oil region. A consortium of Unión Fenosa, Sociedad de Hidrocarburos de Euskadi and Oil Gas Skills found the 3-bn cu-m Viura gas field in 2010.
As of 2018, Ayoluengo was the only onshore commercially exploited oil field of Spain (and the only one in the entire Iberian Peninsula); the operating company requested a license extension to continue production but in November that year it was asked to remove its equipment. The Casablanca platform in the Mediterranean, the final Spanish producer, closed in June 2021.

## Non-traditional oil deposits

Oil condensate deposits lie in the Basque-Cantabrian basin, in the Liassic, i.e., the Lower Jurassic stratum.
# Anita Felguth

Anita Felguth, also known as Anita Felguth-Denker, (13 May 1909 in Hamburg-Altona – 21 June 2003 in Berlin) was a German table tennis player.

## Table tennis career

From 1932 to 1936 she won six medals in singles, doubles and team events in the World Table Tennis Championships.
The six World Championship medals included one gold medal in the 1934 World Table Tennis Championships team event for Germany.
# Spin field

Spin field may refer to:
* Spinor field, assignment of a spinor to every point in space, used in quantum mechanics and quantum field theory.
* Spin (physics) the spin property of elementary particles.
* A kind of Torsion field, used in pseudophysics.
# The White Swan Hotel, Greytown

The White Swan Hotel is a Victorian-style hotel building in Greytown, in the Wairarapa region of New Zealand.
The building was originally constructed in 1905 as a railways administration block in Woburn, Lower Hutt. A new site for the building was purchased in 2001 on Main Street, Greytown. The intention was to provide accommodation at the higher end of the market, and attract weekend visitors from Wellington. The former railways building was cut into six sections for transport over the Remutaka Hill road. During the transport of one of the sections in December 2002, the transport trailer was knocked off balance by a particularly strong gust of wind. Both lanes of the Remutaka Hill road were closed for more than four hours, and a crane had to be brought in to rescue the load.
The renovated building was opened as The White Swan Hotel in October 2003, and included a restaurant, bar and seven themed rooms on the upper floor. Additional accommodation was built at the rear of the hotel, providing another five rooms.
The name of the hotel is linked with the story of the rescue of the passengers and crew of the SS White Swan, a steamer that struck a rock off the Wairarapa coast south of Castlepoint, on 29 June 1862. The vessel was carrying 65 passengers and crew, including members of parliament and national documents for the inaugural meeting of parliament in Wellington. No lives were lost, but the vessel was wrecked.
The property was sold to investors in 2013, and the original leaseholder put the lease up for sale in 2014. The property owners took over the lease in 2015. The lease was again listed for sale in 2019, and new proprietors took over in December 2019.
In December 2022, the hotel was recognised in the Wairarapa Business Awards, winning the Vibrant Award, and the overall Supreme Award.
# Thomas McCracken Jr.

Thomas J. McCracken Jr. (born October 27, 1952) was an American lawyer and politician.
McCracken was born in Chicago, Illinois. He received his bachelor's degree from Marquette University and his Juris Doctor degree from Loyola University Chicago School of Law. McCracken lived in Downers Grove, Illinois with his wife and family and practiced law in Chicago. He served in the Illinois House of Representatives in 1982 and was then a Republican. McCracken then served in the Illinois Senate in 1993 and then resigned from the Illinois General Assembly.
# Exotic R4

In mathematics, an exotic $\mathbb {R} ^{4}$ is a differentiable manifold that is homeomorphic (i.e. shape preserving) but not diffeomorphic (i.e. non smooth) to the Euclidean space $\mathbb {R} ^{4}.$ The first examples were found in 1982 by Michael Freedman and others, by using the contrast between Freedman's theorems about topological 4-manifolds, and Simon Donaldson's theorems about smooth 4-manifolds. There is a continuum of non-diffeomorphic differentiable structures $\mathbb {R} ^{4},$ as was shown first by Clifford Taubes.
Prior to this construction, non-diffeomorphic smooth structures on spheres – exotic spheres – were already known to exist, although the question of the existence of such structures for the particular case of the 4-sphere remained open (and remains open as of 2024). For any positive integer n other than 4, there are no exotic smooth structures $\mathbb {R} ^{n};$ in other words, if n ≠ 4 then any smooth manifold homeomorphic to $\mathbb {R} ^{n}$ is diffeomorphic to $\mathbb {R} ^{n}.$

## Small exotic R$^4$s

An exotic $\mathbb {R} ^{4}$ is called small if it can be smoothly embedded as an open subset of the standard $\mathbb {R} ^{4}.$
Small exotic $\mathbb {R} ^{4}$ can be constructed by starting with a non-trivial smooth 5-dimensional h-cobordism (which exists by Donaldson's proof that the h-cobordism theorem fails in this dimension) and using Freedman's theorem that the topological h-cobordism theorem holds in this dimension.

## Large exotic R$^4$s

An exotic $\mathbb {R} ^{4}$ is called large if it cannot be smoothly embedded as an open subset of the standard $\mathbb {R} ^{4}.$
Examples of large exotic $\mathbb {R} ^{4}$ can be constructed using the fact that compact 4-manifolds can often be split as a topological sum (by Freedman's work), but cannot be split as a smooth sum (by Donaldson's work).
Michael Hartley Freedman and Laurence R. Taylor (1986) showed that there is a maximal exotic $\mathbb {R} ^{4},$ into which all other $\mathbb {R} ^{4}$ can be smoothly embedded as open subsets.

## Related exotic structures

Casson handles are homeomorphic to $\mathbb {D} ^{2}\times \mathbb {R} ^{2}$ by Freedman's theorem (where $\mathbb {D} ^{2}$ is the closed unit disc) but it follows from Donaldson's theorem that they are not all diffeomorphic to $\mathbb {D} ^{2}\times \mathbb {R} ^{2}.$ In other words, some Casson handles are exotic $\mathbb {D} ^{2}\times \mathbb {R} ^{2}.$
It is not known (as of 2024) whether or not there are any exotic 4-spheres; such an exotic 4-sphere would be a counterexample to the smooth generalized Poincaré conjecture in dimension 4. Some plausible candidates are given by Gluck twists.
# Nefeli Chatziioannidou

Maria Nefeli Chatziioannidou is a Greek politician from New Democracy. She was elected to the Hellenic Parliament from the National List in the June 2023 Greek legislative election.
She is a social entrepreneur and is founder of the social enterprise Great Women (Yperoxes Gynaikes), the first online women's community in Greece.
# Kostas Makris

Kostas "Con" Makris (Greek: Κώστας Μακρής) is a Greek Australian businessman and the only Greek in Australia with a fortune of over US$640 million occupying the 36th place in the Business Review Weekly Rich 200 list. Makris is in the top 50 of the richest residents in Australia. Makris is the 46th richest man in Australia and among the 20 richest Greeks in the world.

## Early life

He was born in Ligourio, Greece. Soon his family moved to Holargos where he grew up. Makris' early years were pretty hard, and so he began to work when he was only 12 years old. He emigrated to Australia in 1963 at the age of 16 to make money and eventually return to Greece.
Initially he worked in the foundry and later on he bought a string of fast food restaurants, then he moved to the property industry. Today he owns many shopping malls, Optus House in Adelaide and the Bonnyrigg Plaza in Western Sydney, and even in Greece.

## Business

Makris made his fortune from real estate investments in Adelaide. Makris was also the former owner of his childhood Greek football club Panachaiki for a short period of time as he was interested in other business.
# Ioanna Angelidaki

Ioanna Angelidaki is a Greek entrepreneur, co-founder, and Chief Marketing Officer at Instashop (an online grocery delivery service in the UAE, Qatar, Egypt, Bahrain, Lebanon, and Greece).

## Biography

From 2003 to 2008 Angelidaki studied at the Technical University of Crete with a degree in Industrial Engineering and Management. From 2008 to 2010, she received her master's degree in Marketing Management from the same university. Angelidaki met co-founder InstaShop Tsioris in 2003 while studying for her mechanical engineering diploma. After graduating, Angelidaki set herself up as an online marketing freelancer.
In 2013, Angelidaki and Tsioris came up with the idea for a voice-based social platform, Vound, allowing users to create 11-second clips using their voices, photos, special effects, and other sounds, but the project was closed after 17 months. In May 2015, Angelidaki founded Instashop with Tsioris.
In 2020, Berlin-based food ordering and delivery company Delivery Hero acquired her company for $360 million. The brand will continue to live on as an independent platform led by Tsioris and Angelidaki. The transaction is said to set a record value for a Greek startup and is one of the largest recent exits in the MENA region more generally.
# Grevillea zygoloba

Grevillea zygoloba is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with divided leaves, the lobes linear and more or less parallel, and clusters of creamy-white flowers.

## Description

Grevillea zygoloba is an erect shrub that typically grows to a height of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and has erect, glaucous branchlets. Its leaves are 50–80 mm (2.0–3.1 in) long and divided with usually 3 to 7, more or less parallel lobes sometimes divided again, the end lobes linear, 30–50 mm (1.2–2.0 in) long and 0.7–1.0 mm (0.028–0.039 in) wide. The edges of the leaves are rolled under, usually concealing the lower surface apart from the mid-vein. The flowers are arranged in leaf axils and on the ends of branches in sometimes branched clusters, the end clusters cylindrical to conical on a rachis 20–40 mm (0.79–1.57 in) long, the flowers nearer the base of the rachis opening first. The flowers are creamy-white, the pistil 6.5–7.5 mm (0.26–0.30 in) long. Flowering occurs from September to November and the fruit is a sticky, pimply, elliptic follicle 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long.

## Taxonomy

Grevillea zygoloba was first described in 1994 by the botanists Peter Olde and Neil Marriott in the Grevillea Book from specimens collected by Olde near Bungalbin Hill near Southern Cross. The specific epithet (zygoloba) means "joined-leaved", referring to the pinnate leaves.

## Distribution

This grevillea grows in woodland and scrubland on and among ironstone hills, in stony and loamy soils. It occurs between Koolyanobbing and the Die Hardy Range north of Southern Cross in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Nullarbor and Yalgoo bioregions of south-western Western Australia.

## Conservation status

Grevillea zygoloba is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.