OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ida of Bernicia

Ida (/ˈɪdɑː/; died c. 559) is the first known king of the Anglian kingdom of Bernicia, which he ruled from around 547 until his death in 559. Little is known of his life or reign, but he was regarded as the founder of a line from which later Angle kings in this part of central Great Britain claimed descent. His descendants overcame Brittonic resistance and ultimately founded the powerful kingdom of Northumbria.

## Sources

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle indicates that Ida's reign began in 547, and records him as the son of Eoppa, grandson of Esa, and great-grandson of Ingwy. Likewise, the Historia Brittonum calls him as the son of Eoppa and the first king of Berneich or Bernicia. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle elaborates that he ruled for twelve years and built the Bernician capital of Bamburgh Castle. Later, however, the Chronicle confuses his territory with the later Northumbria, saying that Ælla, historically a king of Deira rather than Bernicia, succeeded him as king after his death. Northumbria did not exist until the union of Bernicia with the kingdom of Deira; this happened for the first time under Ida's grandson Æthelfrith. The genealogies of the Anglo-Saxon kings attached to some manuscripts of the Historia Brittonum give more information on Ida and his family; the text names Ida's "one queen" as Bearnoch and indicates that he had twelve sons, naming among them Adda, Æthelric, Theodric, Eadric, Theodhere, Osmere and Ealric. Several of these are listed as kings. One of them, Theodric, is noted for fighting against a Brittonic coalition led by Urien Rheged and his sons. The genealogical preface to Chronicon ex chronicis names six sons, Adda, Bealric, Theodric, Ethelric, Osmere, and Theodhere, born to his wife and six born to concubines, Ocga, Alric, Ecca, Oswald, Sogor and Sogothere. Ida's successor, Glappa, does not appear among his sons in any of the early sources. Ida's descendants would rule Bernicia and later Northumbria.
Some 18th- and 19th-century commentators, beginning with Lewis Morris, associated Ida with the figure of Welsh tradition known as Fflamddwyn ("Flame-bearer"). This Fflamddwyn was evidently an Anglo-Saxon leader opposed by Urien Rheged and his children, particularly his son Owain, who slew him. However, Rachel Bromwich notes that such an identification has little to back it; other writers, such as Thomas Stephens and William Forbes Skene, identify Fflamddwyn instead with Ida's son Theodric, noting the passages in the genealogies discussing Theodric's battles with Urien and his sons.
At the time Ida ruled, Bernician control did not extend far inland from the coast. It was not until the time of Æthelfrith, Ida's grandson, that the kingdom expanded significantly to the west. This is supported by the Historia Brittonum's description of fighting between Bernicians and the native Britons of the area, indicating ongoing resistance. It is also supported by the scarcity of sixth-century Anglo-Saxon archaeological finds from further inland.
# Anne Knüpp

Anne Knüpp (born 7 January 1954) is a German footballer. She played in one match for the Germany women's national football team in 1983.
# Little Theatre Guild of Great Britain

The Little Theatre Guild of Great Britain (LTG) is an Umbrella organisation promoting and supporting independent amateur theatre companies which have control over their own premises and produce drama of a high quality for the benefit of their communities. It has been credited with being pivotal in securing recognition for the theatrical contribution of little theatres in the United Kingdom.

## History

The Little Theatre Guild, was founded in 1946 to represent the views of Amateur theatres across the UK. Its original membership was nine with groups such as The Crescent Theatre, Highbury Little Theatre and The Questors taking a leading part in its foundation. By 1988 this had increased to 30 and by 2010 to 103 theatre companies, some of which are outside the UK. The major restriction for membership is that it is open only to those amateur theatres that own or lease the theatre premises upon which productions are mounted.
Similar to the National Drama Festivals Association, the LTG organises festivals of amateur drama across the United Kingdom.

## Aims of the Guild

The aims of the Guild are:
* To extend close co-operation between members in all areas of theatre; to organise national and regional conferences and seminars.
* To run regular courses to improve standards and theatrical knowledge.
* To act as the co-ordinating body for the development of little theatres, and to lobby on their behalf on matters of national interest, such as Taxation, Charity status, licensing, sponsorship, insurance and royalties.
* To help and improve relationships with local authorities and regional arts associations.
* To provide a forum for the exchange of ideas regionally, nationally and internationally.
* To ensure that the voice of the little theatre movement is heard strongly within national and international bodies, including the Central Council for Amateur Theatre (CCAT) and the International Theatre Exchange (ITE).
The Guild holds two National Conferences each year and is organised on a regional basis for the arrangement of additional conferences, seminars and training events.

## Members

The Guild is made up of 123 independent theatres (as of February 2023). These members are administered in four regions— Northern, Central, Southern and Overseas. The founding members of the guild included:
* Bradford Civic Playhouse, Bradford
* Crescent Theatre, Birmingham
* Great Hucklow Players, Derbyshire
* Highbury Little Theatre, Birmingham
* Leicester Drama Society, Leicester
* Norwich Players, Norwich
* People's Theatre, Newcastle Upon Tyne
* The Questors Theatre, London
* The Un-named Society, London
Some of these theatres have undergone name changes since they were formed and some have been dissolved.
Other notable members include:
* Archway Theatre, Surrey
* Bournemouth Little Theatre, Bournemouth
* The Bob Hope Theatre, Greenwich
* Ilkley Playhouse, Bradford
* Priory Theatre, Warwickshire
* Progress Theatre, Reading
* South London Theatre, London
* Station Theatre, Hampshire
* Rugby Theatre, Warwickshire
# BYD F6

The BYD F6 is a midsize sedan produced by the Chinese manufacturer BYD.

## Overview

The styling of the BYD F6 heavily resembles the North American seventh-generation Honda Accord with the front of a Renault Latitude and the rear of a Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221) and has three engines and two transmission options; a 5-speed manual or a 4-speed automatic, with both engines being Mitsubishi designs.

## Plug-in hybrid (F6DM)

At the 2008 North American International Auto Show, BYD showcased the F6DM, a plug-in hybrid concept variant of the F6.
The F6DM was introduced at the 2008 North American International Auto Show.
Based on the BYD F6, the F6DM was to use lithium iron phosphate battery, a type of li-ion battery sold under the "Ferrous" trade name, that can be recharged to 70 percent of capacity in 10 minutes. Iron-phosphate lithium-ion batteries are claimed to be much safer than cobalt-oxide lithium-ion batteries, which have a history of causing fires in consumer electronic devices.
BYD claimed that their test model was able to travel 100 kilometres (62 mi) on electric power before the gasoline engine was needed, and that the battery could be fully recharged from an outlet in nine hours.
# 111: A Nelson Number

111: A Nelson Number is a Bangladeshi supernatural drama television series based on a dorm room numbered 111, where the students living there are spooked by unnatural presence. The series was directed by Nayeem Imtiaz Neyamul, written by Sirajul Islam and produced by Ferdaus. The series, which aired at 9:45 pm on NTV, began on September 27, 2007 and ended after 26 episodes on April 17, 2008.

## Cast

* Actor
* Anisur Rahman Milon
* Nusrat Imrose Tisha
* Apurba
* Emon
* Abir Khan
* Humaira Himu
# Henry Otis Pratt

Henry Otis Pratt (February 11, 1838 – May 22, 1931) was an American lawyer, Methodist Episcopal minister, and two-term Republican U.S. representative from Iowa's 4th congressional district.

## Early life and education

Born in Dover-Foxcroft, Maine, Pratt attended the common schools and Foxcroft Academy. He later graduated from Harvard Law School.

## Career

After graduating from law school, Pratt moved to Charles City, Iowa, in 1862 and taught school. He was admitted to the bar in Mason City, Iowa, in 1862, but his commencement of practice was delayed by the Civil War.
He enlisted in the Union Army in August 1862 and served in Company B of the 37th Iowa Infantry Regiment, until March 1863, when he was discharged at Fort Pillow in Henning, Tennessee due to the measles. He commenced the practice of law in Charles City, Iowa, in 1864. He was a captain. He was the county superintendent of public schools of Floyd County, Iowa in 1868 and 1869. He served one term as a member of the Iowa House of Representatives from 1870 to 1872.
In 1872, Pratt was elected as a Republican to represent Iowa's 4th congressional district in the 43rd United States Congress. He was re-elected two years later, and served in the 44th United States Congress. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1876. He served in Congress from March 4, 1873 to March 3, 1877.
Returning to Iowa, he served as president of the 1877 Republican State Convention. After studying for the ministry, he was ordained and entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church in October 1877. He continued his ministerial duties until retired on account of age in October 1918.

## Death

He died in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, on May 22, 1931. He was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery.
# Francis Nelson (ice hockey, born 1910)

Francis Augustus Nelson, Jr. (January 24, 1910 – March 9, 1973) was an American ice hockey player who competed in the 1932 Winter Olympics. He was born in New York City, New York and died in Montclair, New Jersey.
In 1932 he was a member of the United States ice hockey team, who won the silver medal. He played five games in which he scored one goal.
# VA Jagadeesh

Vasudevanpillai Arundhathiamma Jagadeesh (born 25 May 1983) is a former Indian cricketer who represented Kerala in domestic cricket. In August 2013, he was named to the India A squad to play two unofficial tests against New Zealand A team.
He made his domestic cricket debut in 2004.
# SACEM

The Society of Authors, Composers and Publishers of Music or SACEM (French pronunciation:) is a French professional association collecting payments of artists’ rights and distributing the rights to the original songwriters, composers, and music publishers. Founded in 1851, it is a non-profit non-trading entity owned and managed by its members according to the business model of a cooperative.

## History

Composers Ernest Bourget, Victor Parizot and Paul Henrion in Paris in 1847 (see 1847 in music) succeeded in having payment made for their works which were being played in the leading café-concert at the time, Café des Ambassadeurs. The French courts recognized these legitimate rights founded in revolutionary laws. The provisional union of authors, composers and publishers of music was thus established in 1850, and one year later, the professional union became a society (société civile) of authors, composers, and publishers who divided the author's rights collected amongst the members, and this rule has been maintained to the present day.
SACEM first had 350 members when it was founded in the 1850s, distributed between authors, composers and publishers of music. This period was marked by the start of the urban revolution, the growth of metropolises and the progression and multiplication of café-concerts. A century after SACEM's foundation, the number of its members was multiplied by 170. In 1963, SACEM developed cultural action to aid musical creation, the dissemination of works and integration of young professionals. Every year, over a million works are registered with SACEM.

## Grands Prix Sacem

Every year, following a vote by the Board of Directors, the Grands Prix Sacem are awarded to authors, authors-directors, composers and music publishers who are members of Sacem. Since 2006, the ceremony celebrates outstanding contributions in songwriting, music publishing, classical contemporary music and humor.
# Giacomo Venturi

Giacomo Venturi (born 2 January 1992) is an Italian footballer who plays for Serie C Group B club Gubbio.

## Biography

Born in Faenza, Emilia–Romagna, Venturi started his career at Bologna. He was the reserve team keeper from 2007 to 2011. On 25 July 2011 Venturi left for Bellaria – Igea Marina in temporary deal. Venturi played 37 out of possible 38 match for the club in 2011–12 Lega Pro Seconda Divisione. Venturi also received a first team shirt number in 2010–11 Serie A.
On 17 July 2012 Venturi received a call-up from Gubbio.
On 10 July 2013 Venturi left for San Marino Calcio in temporary deal, along with Gianluca Draghetti and Manuel Gavilán. Venturi made his debut in the first round of 2013–14 Coppa Italia Lega Pro.
On 10 July 2014 he was signed by Cremonese on free transfer.
On 2 August 2019 he signed a two-year contract with Reggiana.
On 15 July 2024, Venturi returned to Gubbio.

### International career

Venturi started his national team career in 2005 Christmas Youth Event. He was one of the few born 1992 players in that event, which was intend for 1990 and 1991 players. In 2007, he entered another training camp for born 1992–93 players. He finally entered the Italy national under-17 football team in November 2008. However, he did not made his debut. In the new season Venturi received a call-up to Italy national under-18 football team. He also travelled to Nigeria with U17 team (de facto U18 team of 2009–10 season or U17 in 2008–09 season) for 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup. He did not play any game either, which Mattia Perin was the first choice. Venturi received a call-up for goalkeeper training camp after returned from Africa in November 2009. However Venturi only received another call-up a year later in 2010 goalkeeper training camp.
Venturi finally returned to national youth team in December 2011 for Italy national under-20 football team. The unofficial charity match U20 beat Italy U21 Serie B 1–0. In January 2012 he received a call-up against Macedonia. In February Venturi was dropped as Perin returned to the squad. However, in April Perin withdrew from the squad again and Venturi was re-called. The match Venturi substituted Alessandro Iacobucci at half time. Italy had a clean sheet in the second half and beat Denmark 3–1.
# Partula turgida

†Partula turgida is an extinct species of air-breathing tropical land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Partulidae. This species was endemic to Ra'iātea, French Polynesia. It is now extinct.
Partula clarkei, misidentified as this species, was being kept alive in captivity, when the population suffered a crash caused by the microsporidian genus Steinhausia. This is the first definitive report of an extinction of a species caused by a parasite.
# Nugget Mountain

Nugget Mountain is a 5,587 ft (1,700 m) glaciated mountain summit located in the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska.

## Location

The peak is situated near the southern periphery of the Juneau Icefield, 2.15 mi (3 km) northwest of Split Thumb, 5.4 mi (9 km) east of Bullard Mountain, and 9 mi (14 km) northeast of Juneau. Nugget Mountain rises above the northeast end of Heintzleman Ridge, and 4.15 mi (7 km) east-southeast of Nugget Towers. Nugget Mountain is set south of the head of the Nugget Glacier, and west of Norris Glacier, on land managed by Tongass National Forest. Nugget Creek and Lemon Creek drain precipitation runoff from the west and south slopes of the peak. This peak's local name was published in 1962 by the U.S. Geological Survey.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Nugget Mountain is located in a subarctic climate zone, with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Coast Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. The month of July offers the most favorable weather to view or climb Nugget Mountain.

## Gallery

* Looking south at Nugget Mountain centered at top of frame
# 1936 Hungarian Grand Prix

The 1936 Hungarian Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held on 21 June 1936 at Népliget Park in Budapest.

## Entries

| No | Driver | Entrant | Constructor | Car |
| 2 | Eileen Ellison | Thomas Pitt Cholmondeley-Tapper | Maserati | |
| 4 | Austin Dobson | Private | Alfa Romeo | P3 |
| 6 | Charlie Martin | Private | Alfa Romeo | P3 |
| 8 | "Raph" | Private | Maserati | |
| 10 | László Hartmann | Private | Maserati | |
| 12 | Hans Stuck | Auto Union | Auto Union | C |
| 14 | Achille Varzi | Auto Union | Auto Union | C |
| 16 | Bernd Rosemeyer | Auto Union | Auto Union | C |
| 18 | Rudolf Caracciola | Daimler-Benz AG | Mercedes-Benz | W25K |
| 20 | Louis Chiron | Daimler-Benz AG | Mercedes-Benz | W25K |
| 22 | Manfred von Brauchitsch | Daimler-Benz AG | Mercedes-Benz | W25K |
| 24 | Tazio Nuvolari | Scuderia Ferrari | Alfa Romeo | 8C-35 |
| 26 | Antonio Brivio | Scuderia Ferrari | Alfa Romeo | 8C-35 |
| 28 | Mario Tadini | Scuderia Ferrari | Alfa Romeo | 8C-35 |
| 30 | Petre Cristea | Private | Ford | V9 special |
| 32 | José Maria de Villapadierna | Private | Alfa Romeo | P3 |
| | Ernst von Delius | Auto Union | (reserve) | (reserve) |

## Classification

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid |
| 1 | 24 | Tazio Nuvolari | Alfa Romeo | 50 | 2:14:03.5 | 4 |
| 2 | 16 | Bernd Rosemeyer | Auto Union | 50 | +14.2 | 1 |
| 3 | 14 | Achille Varzi | Auto Union | 48 | +2 Laps | 6 |
| 4 | 28 | Mario Tadini | Alfa Romeo | 47 | +3 Laps | 7 |
| 5 | 12 | Hans Stuck Ernst von Delius | Auto Union | 46 | +4 Laps | 2 |
| 6 | 4 | Austin Dobson | Alfa Romeo | 45 | +5 Laps | 9 |
| 7 | 10 | László Hartmann | Maserati | 44 | +6 Laps | 10 † |
| Ret | 22 | Manfred von Brauchitsch | Mercedes-Benz | 40 | Accident | 3 |
| Ret | 6 | Charlie Martin | Alfa Romeo | 32/35 | Rear axle | 11 † |
| Ret | 18 | Rudolf Caracciola | Mercedes-Benz | 26 | Engine | 5 |
| Ret | 20 | Louis Chiron | Mercedes-Benz | 19 | Engine/Supercharger | 8 |
| DNS | 2 | Eileen Ellison | Maserati | | | |
| DNS | 8 | "Raph" | Maserati | | | |
| DNS | 30 | Petre Cristea | Ford V9 | | | |
| DNS | 32 | José Maria de Villapadierna | Alfa Romeo | | | |
† Martin and Hartmann swapped grid positions for tactical reasons.

### Starting grid positions

| 1st Row | 2 Pos. | 1 Pos. |
| | Stuck Auto Union 2:39.83 | Rosemeyer Auto Union 2:38.15 |
| 2nd Row | 2 Pos. | 1 Pos. |
| | Nuvolari Alfa Romeo 2:40.08 | von Brauchitsch Mercedes-Benz 2:39.87 |
| 3rd Row | 2 Pos. | 1 Pos. |
| | Varzi Auto Union 2:43.12 | Caracciola Mercedes-Benz 2:40.38 |
| 4th Row | 2 Pos. | 1 Pos. |
| | Chiron Mercedes-Benz 2:49.65 | Tadini Alfa Romeo 2:47.52 |
| 5th Row | 2 Pos. | 1 Pos. |
| | Hartmann Maserati 3:10.56 † | Dobson Alfa Romeo 2:53.21 |
| 6th Row | | 1 Pos. |
| | | Martin Alfa Romeo 3:02.51 † |
† Martin and Hartmann swapped grid positions for tactical reasons.
# Anneliese Seonbuchner

Anneliese Seonbuchner (13 September 1929 – 28 November 2020) was a German hurdler. She competed in the women's 80 metres hurdles at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# XEARZ-AM

XEARZ-AM (1320 kHz) is a commercial radio station in Mexico City. It airs an easy listening instrumental music format, under the name "ZER Radio." The station is owned by Arnoldo Rodríguez Zermeño, the head of Grupo Radiofónico ZER.
XEARZ is powered at 5,000 watts, using a non-directional antenna. The transmitter is on Calle Zopaltzin in the Granada neighborhood of Mexico City.

## History

XEARZ-AM received its permit to operate with 5,000 watts on 1650 kHz on November 30, 2011, though Zermeño had been pursuing it since 2004. After construction and tests, XEARZ-AM signed on the air in April 2012; 12 years ago (2012-04).
It is the newest of Mexico City's AM radio stations, likely because its original home was on the AM expanded band. AM Stations between 1610 and 1700 were not available until the 1990s.
Zermeño owns stations in the states of Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Sonora and Zacatecas in addition to XEARZ-AM.
In April 2021, the Federal Telecommunications Institute ordered XEARZ to move to 1320 kHz. The frequency had become open due to the closure of XENET-AM (whose concession expired in 2016). The IFT required the move because the AM expanded band was reserved in 2014 for new community and indigenous stations. Existing stations above 1600 kHz were asked to move off the band where feasible. The station relocated to 1320 kHz in October 2021.
# Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa

Lucyna von Bachman Ćwierczakiewiczowa (Polish pronunciation:) (17 October 1826 — 26 February 1901) was a Polish journalist and author of Polish cookery books.

## Life and career

Ćwierczakiewiczowa was born Lucyna von Bachman in Warsaw, into an extravagant upper-class family. In 1858, she published her first book Jedyne praktyczne przepisy wszelkich zapasów spiżarnianych oraz pieczenia ciast (The only practical compendium of recipes for all household stocks and pastry). Her work was based both on her own culinary experience and on 17th century and 18th century memoirs by Polish nobles. In 1860 she published another cookbook 365 obiadów za pięć złotych (365 dinners for 5 zlotys).
In 1865 she started her own column in the Bluszcz weekly dealing with cuisine and fashion. She also collaborated with Kurier Warszawski, the most notable Warsaw-based newspaper of the time. In the 1870s, she published several other guides to cooking, cleaning and flower arrangement. She also began to invite many prominent figures to her salon at 3 Królewska Street. Among her guests were the most influential writers and journalists of her time, including Bolesław Prus.
Her books made her the most popular author in Poland. Before 1924, her first cook book was issued 23 times, with more than 130 thousand copies sold worldwide, more than all the books by Henryk Sienkiewicz and Bolesław Prus combined. Because of that, she became famous but was also mocked by many "serious" authors of the time. Her weight (more than 130 kilograms) and haughtiness gained her a nickname of Ćwierciakiewiczowa, an allusion to the Polish word ćwierć meaning a quarter. This nickname became so popular that nowadays her name is frequently misspelt, even in serious publications.
Since 1875, Ćwierczakiewiczowa devoted herself to preparing a yearly publication for women named Kolęda dla Gospodyń. It was a calendar filled with cooking recipes, women's suffrage propaganda and short novels and poems.
She died in Warsaw and is buried in the Protestant Reformed Cemetery in Warsaw. Her tombstone mistakenly shows her birthdate as 1829.
# Homer Martin

Homer Martin may refer to:
* Homer Martin (labor leader) (1901–1968), American trade unionist and socialist
* Homer Dodge Martin (1836–1897), American artist
* Homer C. Martin, American college football head coach (1923-1926, 1936)
* Homer Martin (triple jumper) (born 1901), American triple jumper, 3rd at the 1926 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships