OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Steve Burguiere

Steve Burguiere, known better as "Stu," (born February 9, 1976) is an American radio producer and personality, executive producer of The Glenn Beck Program and host of Stu Does America on Blaze TV. Burguiere previously hosted The Wonderful World of Stu, which ran until 2020.

## Early and personal life

Burguiere was born in Tarrytown, New York, and grew up in the state of Connecticut. He became an intern at the New Haven radio station KC101. He started in the promotions department, working his way up to producer of the Glenn Beck Morning Show. He also did voice-over work and recorded commercials for the Metabolife company. While working at KC101, Burguiere met his future wife, Lisa Paige.

## Career

Glenn Beck left KC101 to work in talk radio at WFLA in Tampa. Soon after, Burguiere took his job as co-host of the morning show with Vinnie Penn. After a year, he moved to Tampa to produce the Glenn Beck Program, and host The Stu Show Saturdays on WFLA. Burguiere added bits to the Glenn Beck Program, posing as callers such as the Obama advisor "Honkey Whitesville", a parody of real-life Obama advisor Jason Furman and "Wilfred from Sun City, Florida". Stu generally provided a friendly and calmer counterpoint to Beck. Burguiere and fellow producer Dan Andros and personality Pat Gray hosted after-show shows on Beck's "Insider" audio stream. Burguiere also fills in as host for Beck as needed.
Burguiere co-hosted Pat & Stu with Pat Gray, a 2-hour program airing on TheBlaze weekdays at 12:00 Noon ET. He was also the host of The Wonderful World of Stu, which aired Friday at 8:00 PM ET. In February 2020, he started hosting a comedy/news program, Stu Does America, on Blaze TV, Blaze Radio and podcasts.
# Lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve

The lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve is the continuation/terminal sensory branch of the sural nerve, and is ultimately derived from the 1st sacral nerve (S1). It passes distally along the lateral part of the dorsum of foot. It gives rise to the lateral dorsal digital nerve of the 5th toe, and sometimes also the medial dorsal digital nerve of the 5th toe as well as the lateral dorsal digital nerve of the 4th toe (thus replacing branches of the intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve).

## Anatomy
### Origin

The sural branch becomes the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve as it winds around/underneath the lateral malleolus.

### Anastomoses

It anastomoses with the intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve.

## Clinical significance

The course of this nerve influences the surgical approach to fixation of fractures of the fifth metatarsal, as the most direct surgical approach is at risk of damaging it.

## Additional images

* Cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Front and posterior views.
# Hendrick Christiaensen

Hendrick Christiaensen was a Dutch explorer who was involved in the earlier exploration of what became the colony of New Netherland.

## Life

Hendrick Christiaensen was a ship captain and trader employed by the Van Tweenhuysen Company of Amsterdam.
In 1611 Christiaensen paid two visits to Manhattan in his ship Fortuyn, including one with fellow explorer Adriaen Block in his Tyger. Upon his return to the Dutch Republic in 1612, he brought back with him two young Native Americans who were the sons of a local sachem. The Dutch were fascinated with the boys, whom they called Orson and Valentine Christiaensen.
In 1613 Christiaensen and Block returned in the two vessels, and created the first map of the region that showed Manhattan and Long Island as separate geographical entities.

## Fort Nassau

In 1614 Christiensen sailed the Fortuyn up the North River to Castle Island (New York), where he built a warehouse on the ruins of an old abandoned French fur trader's fort. He added a stockade and a moat eighteen feet wide. He named it Fort Nassau in honor of stadtholder Maurice of Nassau. The river, sometimes known as the Mauritius was also named after Maurice. Christiensen took two cannon and eleven swivel guns from the Fortuyn and left twelve men under the command of Jacob Eelkens, before returning downriver.
In the spring of 1619 Christiaensen's ship, the Swarte Beer, was lying in the Hudson River when his ship was surprised by Indians. In the attack Hendrick Christiaensen and the greater part of his crew were killed. The survivors succeeded in driving away the Indians from the ship by two shots from the guns.
# Anidoxime

Anidoxime was an experimental drug that had been evaluated for use as an oral analgesic.
The name is an eponym of an anisdine group and an oxime. The analgesic properties are reportedly equipotent to or greater than morphine but the physical dependence liability may be less.
In rats, the major metabolic pathway is hydrolysis of the carbamoyl group followed by decarboxylation.
# Billie Orr

Billie J. Orr is an American advocate for political and education reform. She is the former president of the Education Leaders Council, and former deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction for the state of Arizona . She was the principal of Kiva School in Scottsdale, Arizona from 1994 to 1997.
She lives in Prescott, Arizona and has been active in the Tea Party movement in both Prescott and Bozeman, Montana. In January 2015 she became a candidate for the Prescott city council.

## Professional background

Billie Orr has been active in Tea Party and Republican Party issues for several years, specifically advocating limited government and repealing common core education standards.
Orr was active in public education for over twenty years in Arizona, and became the deputy Superintendent of Public Education. With her leadership, Arizona implemented the most vigorous charter school program in the country.
She left the Arizona Department of Education in 2001 to become the president of the Education Leaders Council in Washington, D.C. Education Leaders Council is a non-profit, conservative education reform organization founded by a number of state school officials in 1995. It was an alternative to Council of Chief State School Officers, a more liberal oriented organization with close ties to the teacher unions such as National Education Association (NEA) and the American Federation of Teachers (AFT). In that role she actively promoted increased standards in education and teacher preparation. ELC gained federal funding for its project, Following the Leaders, to implement the reform policies of the new federal education law. However, an investigation by the U.S. Department of Education initially suggested that ELC did not comply with federal regulations for the funds it was expending, and federal procurement standards. A final audit, however, showed that ELC's financial and administrative management had actually undercharged the Department of Education and outstanding grant funding was ultimately paid to the ELC and its spin-off organization, Following the Leaders by the Department of Education. Orr's original contract was extended to 2004.
She has consistently promoted school choice and advocated at the local, state, and national levels for increased standards for students and teacher preparation, emphasizing equality for all students from the gifted, to special needs children, to the disadvantaged. In this effort she worked closely with local, state and federal officials.
She serves as the director of Willow Hills Baptist Church adult bible studies and is a volunteer serving brain-injured individuals and Special Olympics. Previously she was director of advancement at the Montana Bible College.

## Personal

Billie Orr is married and has a son who is a pilot in the United States Navy.
# Richard Morton (physician)

Richard Morton (1637–1698) was an English physician who was the first to state that tubercles were always present in the tuberculosis disease of the lungs. In Morton's time, this wasting disease was termed consumption, or by its Greek name of phthisis. Recognition of the many possible symptoms of this infection belonging to a single disease was not until the 1820s and it was J.L. Schönlein in 1839 who introduced the term "tuberculosis".

## Life

He was born in Worcestershire, England and, having trained at Oxford's Magdalen Hall, elected to enter the Church, becoming Vicar of Kinver in Staffordshire. With his refusal to acquiesce to the Act of Uniformity 1662 following the Restoration of Charles II, he was forced to resign. His whereabouts for the following eight years are unclear, although he probably travelled to Holland. Reappearing in 1670, he was awarded doctorate of medicine by Oxford University.

## Works

His landmark paper Phthisiologia, seu exercitationes de phthisi, tribus libris comprehensæ. Totumque opus variis historiis illustratum was published in Latin in 1689, with an English translation appearing in 1694. A second English edition was published in 1720. Its significance is partly due to the disease receiving little study by other doctors of the time despite it being a major cause of death; accounting for over 18% all deaths in the City of London in 1700. The paper is also significant, in that it also contains the first recognised medical descriptions of the wasting condition now known as anorexia nervosa.
Medicine of that time was deferential to the ideas of Galen and so Morton understandably mistook tubercles for being caused by glandular degenerations; mycobacterium tuberculosis not being identified until 1882 by Robert Koch.
# Liechtenstein–United Kingdom relations

Foreign relations between the United Kingdom and its predecessors with Liechtenstein date back to World War I. Both countries established diplomatic relations in May 1992. Since then, the relations between the two countries have been stable.
The United Kingdom does not have an embassy in Liechtenstein, but the British ambassador to Switzerland, located in Bern, is also accredited to Liechtenstein. Similarly, the Swiss embassy in London also represents Liechtenstein.

## History

Diplomatic relations between the United Kingdom and Liechtenstein date back to World War I. The United Kingdom sided with the Entente countries throughout the war. Though Liechtenstein remained neutral throughout the conflict, it retained close ties to Austria-Hungary and was sympathetic to the Central Powers. At the outbreak of the war, the United Kingdom interned Liechtensteiners and partially confiscated their assets. From 1916, Liechtenstein was embargoed by the Entente countries until the end of the war.
Liechtenstein applied to join the League of Nations in 1920, though this was rejected by the League of Nations Assembly on 17 December 1920, of which the United Kingdom was a member, by a vote of 28 against and 1 in favour. During World War II, Liechtenstein remained neutral, and its neutrality was not violated by any of the combatants. The United Kingdom had been on the side of the Allies since 1939. Though this neutrality was respected by the United Kingdom throughout the war, Liechtensteiner organizations such as Marxer & Partner Rechtsanwälte were embargoed from 1943 due to its cooperation with individuals associated with the war industry of Nazi Germany.
During the 2008 Liechtenstein tax affair, it was revealed that secret bank information had also been sold to British tax authorities, which led to 100 British citizens being investigated for tax evasion. Liechtenstein reached an agreement with the United Kingdom in 2009 that will allow the about 5,000 British customers of Liechtenstein's banks that hold for them about £2-3 billion in secret accounts to come clear with British tax authorities under terms of a significantly reduced penalty.
Both countries were members of the European Economic Area until the United Kingdom's departure on 31 January 2020. On 8 July 2021, Liechtenstein and the United Kingdom signed a free trade agreement in conjunction with members of the European Free Trade Association.
# Ohio State University College of Arts and Sciences

The College of Arts and Sciences is one of sixteen colleges at Ohio State University. The college is the largest at Ohio State, and is located in several buildings throughout its campus. The college is composed of 38 departments, and hosts over 80 different majors.

## History

In most years before 1968, Ohio State’s arts and sciences programs were organized within a College of Arts and Sciences. In 1968, the college divided into five colleges: the College of Arts, College of Biological Sciences, College of Humanities, College of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, and College of Social and Behavioral Sciences. Under the leadership of University President E. Gordon Gee the College of Arts and Sciences was reunified by a unanimous vote of the university’s Board of Trustees, reincorporating the five legacy colleges in 2010.

## Academics

The College offers majors in over 80 different academic disciplines. On a yearly basis, around half of all credit hours at Ohio State are earned through the College of Arts and Sciences. The College has produced 5 Churchill Scholars, 5 Goldwater Scholars, 1 Knight-Hennessy Scholar, and 5 Rhodes Scholars.

## Notable alumni

* Charles Csuri, artist
* Nancy J. Currie-Gregg, astronaut
* Steve Martino, film director
* Bebe Miller, dancer and choreographer
* Charles Newirth, American film producer
* John D. Ong, former US Ambassador to Norway
* R. L. Stine, author
# Braunerite

Braunerite is a hydrous uranyl carbonate mineral discovered by Jakub Plášil of the Institute of Physics at the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and colleagues in the Svornost mine in the Jáchymov ore district, Western Bohemia, Czech Republic.
Braunerite crystals are yellow and have a glassy luster. The mineral is chemically similar to línekite. The type material is deposited in the collections of the Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, and the mineralogical collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.

## Localities

Czech Republic: Svornost Mine, Jáchymov, Jáchymov District, Krušné Hory Mts, Karlovy Vary Region, Bohemia
# Biohazard (film)

Biohazard is a 1985 science-fiction horror film directed by Fred Olen Ray and starring Aldo Ray and Angelique Pettyjohn.
It is a low-budget horror film that draws inspiration from the successful 1979 film Alien.

## Synopsis

The story revolves around scientists conducting experiments on transferring matter from other dimensions in a remote desert research lab. However, things go awry when a container holding a creature from another dimension is opened, releasing a series of monsters that start rampaging and killing people.
The protagonist of the film is Mitchell Carter, an army officer tasked with tracking down and dealing with the monsters. He teams up with Lisa Martyn, a psychic who has been involved in the experiments conducted by Dr. Williams. As the story progresses, it is revealed that one of the leading characters is actually one of the monsters, adding a twist to the plot.
The midget alien creature (Christopher Ray, the director's eight-year-old son) is depicted as a black reptile-like being with large beetle shells attached to it. It goes on a killing spree, even attacking a poster of the iconic character E.T. from the film of the same name. Additionally, there is mention of a snake-like creature that emerges from the container but is eventually killed by the character played by William Fair.

## Cast

* Aldo Ray as General Randolph
* Angelique Pettyjohn as Lisa Martyn
* William Fair as Mitchell Carter
* David O'Hara as Reiger (credited as David Pearson)
* Frank McDonald as Mike Hodgson
* Art Payton as Dr. Williams (credited as Arthur Payton)
* Charles Roth as Jack Murphy
* Carroll Borland as Rula Murphy
* Richard Hench as Roger
* Loren Crabtree as Jenny
* George Randall as Dumpster Man
* Brad Arrington as Chambers
* Ray Lawrence as Mayfield
* Robert King as Sheriff Miller

## Production

The creature was played by director Fred Olen Ray's son Christopher Olen Ray. Ray chose to make the alien smaller as he wanted to play against audience expectations of a large monster being a threat and instead present something that come more easily hide and pop out of tight spaces. Initially financing was provided Kenneth Hartford's production company Eastern Hemisphere, but partly through production Eastern Hemisphere collapsed leaving the crew stranded as financial responsibilities fell to director Ray. Luckily, this happened as the MIFED Film Market was starting and Ray took the shot footage to showcase to potential investors and manage to secure a greater amount of funding than they'd previously had from European investors. The film was shot in the San Fernando Valley with Ray not enjoying shooting there as the area was often uncooperative to their shooting schedule and more than once the police tried to shut down production despite them having permits.
# Ana Hernandez

Ana E. Hernandez (born August 25, 1978) is a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives. Since her election in 2005 (in a special election filling the unexpired term of Rep. Joe Moreno, who was killed in a car crash in May 2005), she has represented District 143, part of Houston including areas of Magnolia, Manchester, Port Houston, Cimarron and Denver Harbor, the cities of Galena Park and Jacinto City, and portions of Pasadena and Channelview.

## Personal life and education

Hernandez was born in Reynosa, Mexico. She was brought to the US while still an infant, as her parents had work visas. Her parents overstayed their visas, but Hernandez became a permanent resident and eventually a citizen after the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. Hernandez was raised in Pasadena, Texas, where she attended Sam Rayburn High School. She earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Houston, majoring in political science and psychology. She then attended the University of Texas, earning a J.D. Hernandez has one son. Hernandez attended a Peace Corps summer internship in South Africa, and also studied abroad in China and Sydney, Australia.

## Career

Before being elected herself, Hernandez worked for Texas state representatives Jessica Farrar and Joe E. Moreno, and also interned for state senator Rodney Ellis. Hernandez was first elected to the Texas House of Representatives in a special election in 2005. Hernandez is a member of the County Affairs Committee and the Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence Committee.
Hernandez strongly supported the Texas "sanctuary city bill" that would prohibit police from enforcing federal immigration law.
Hernandez is also an attorney at Mostyn Law Firm, and serves on the board of directors of the Hispanic Bar Association of Houston.
# Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (also called the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve) is a sensory nerve of the thigh. It is a branch of the sacral plexus. It supplies the skin of the posterior surface of the thigh, leg, buttock, and also the perineum.
Unlike most nerves termed "cutaneous" which are subcutaneous, only the terminal branches of this nerve pass into subcutaneous tissue before being distributed to the skin, with most of the nerve itself situated deep to the deep fascia.

## Structure
### Origin

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh is a branch of the sacral plexus. It arises from the posterior divisions of the S1-S2, and the anterior divisions of S2-S3 sacral spinal nerves.

### Course

It leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis muscle. It then descends deep to the gluteus maximus muscle, medial or posterior to the sciatic nerve, and alongside the inferior gluteal artery. It descends within the posterior thigh deep to the fascia lata (the deep fascia of the thigh) and superficial to the hamstring muscles. It runs over the long head of the biceps femoris to the back of the knee. It pierces the fascia lata posterior to the knee. It then accompanies the small saphenous vein to about the middle of the posterior leg (i.e. lower leg). Its terminal branches communicate with the sural nerve.

### Branches

Its branches are all cutaneous, and are distributed to the gluteal region, the perineum, and the back of the thigh and leg.
* The inferior clunial nerves (or gluteal branches), three or four in number, turn upward around the lower border of the gluteus maximus, and supply the skin covering the lower and lateral part of that muscle.
* The perineal branches are distributed to the skin at the upper and medial side of the thigh.
* The main part to the back of the thigh and leg consists of numerous filaments derived from both sides of the nerve, and distributed to the skin covering the back and medial side of the thigh, the popliteal fossa, and the upper part of the back of the leg.

### Distribution

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh provides sensory innervation to most of the posterior surface of the thigh (upper leg), and the superior part of the posterior surface of the leg (lower leg), as well as (the inferior part of) the gluteal region (via inferior cluneal nerves, derived from anterior rami of S1-S2), and the perineum (via the perineal branch).

## Clinical significance

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh may be involved in pain in the posterior thigh.

## Additional images

* Cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Front and posterior views.
* Cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Front and posterior views.
* Schematic of sacral plexus. Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh is labeled at the bottom.
# Sērene Parish

Sērene Parish (Latvian: Sērenes pagasts) is an administrative unit of Aizkraukle Municipality in the Selonia region of Latvia.

## Towns, villages and settlements of Sērene Parish

* Dīķi
* Krolīši
* Talsiņa
* Sērene
* This Latvian location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* ↑ "Reģionu, novadu, pilsētu un pagastu kopējā un sauszemes platība gada sākumā". Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
* ↑ "Iedzīvotāju skaits pēc tautības reģionos, pilsētās, novados, pagastos, apkaimēs un blīvi apdzīvotās teritorijās gada sākumā (pēc administratīvi teritoriālās reformas 2021. gadā)". Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia. Retrieved 19 June 2024.