OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mariana Grajales Cuello

Mariana Grajales Cuello (July 12, 1815 – November 28, 1893) was a Cuban patriot and icon of the women's rights and the fight for Cuba's independence and abolition of slavery.

## Service to country

Mariana Grajales was born in Santiago de Cuba on July 12, 1815, to Teresa Cuello Zayas and José Grajales Matos, Dominican parents of mulato race. She married Marcos Maceo [es] in 1851. She bore thirteen children, nine with Maceo, including Antonio Maceo Grajales, José Maceo, Rafael Maceo [es], Miguel Maceo [es], Julio Maceo [es], Tomás Maceo [es], Marcos Maceo Grajales, Dominga Maceo and Baldomera Maceo, giving birth to her last child at the age of 52. Mariana, along with her family, lived in the refuge of La Delicia in the barrio Majaguabo of San Luis, Santiago de Cuba, later running a mountain settlement and improvised bush hospital.
Mariana and her family served in the Ten Years' War, Little War (1868–78) and the War of 1895. José and Antonio Maceo Grajales, sons of Mariana, served as generals in the Liberation Army from 1868 through 1878. During her time serving in the war, Mariana ran hospitals and provision grounds on the base camps of her son Antonio, frequently entering the battlefield to aid wounded soldiers, both Spaniard and Cuban.
José Martí, after witnessing Mariana Grajales and Antonio Maceo's wife, Maria Cabrales [es], enter the battlefield to rescue the wounded Antonio, remarked: "Fáciles son los heroes con tales mujeres" (It is easy to be heroes with women such as these).
In 1878, after losing her husband, some of her sons, and her family estate in the Little War, Mariana went into exile in Jamaica for the safety of her remaining family. For the next 15 years, she continued to fight for Cuban independence from Spain by organizing groups of Cuban exiles in Jamaica. Mariana Grajales Cuello died on November 27, 1893, in Kingston, Jamaica at the age of 78. In 1923, her remains were returned to Cuba and interred at Santa Ifigenia Cemetery.

## Posthumous recognition

In 1957, the Mayor of Havana, Justo Luis Pozo del Puerto, officially declared Doña Mariana Grajales de Maceo the "Mother of Cuba". She has achieved iconic status in Cuba, similar to Nanny of the Maroons in Jamaica.
On September 4, 1958, Fidel Castro created the all-women platoon, titled the "Mariana Grajales Women's Squad." The platoon was armed with the lightweight M-1 carbines.
The Mariana Grajales Airport and Antonio Maceo Airport were dedicated to the memory of Mariana and her sons' contributions to the Cuban struggle.
# Primavera Online High School

Primavera Online School is a publicly funded charter school serving grades K–12 in Arizona. The school was founded in 2001 by Damian Creamer and was made possible by a program established by the Arizona Legislature in 1998. Primavera targets students at risk of not graduating from conventional high schools, estimating that 70% of their students are high risk. In 2018 Primavera was ranked the #2 charter school in Arizona. Primavera added grades K-5 in partnership with Sequoia Choice for the 2020/2021 school year.

## Structure

Primavera Online School is accredited by Cognia (formerly AdvancED.) There are no fees for students aged 14–22, and only students 22 or younger are accepted. Two types of students attend Primavera: full-time and concurrent-enrolled. Primavera offers two types of diplomas. The standard diploma requires 22 credits while the advanced scholastic diploma requires 23 credits and has a stronger emphasis on math, science, and foreign languages.
Primavera has open enrollment throughout the year, and offers block scheduling. Students take two courses for each six-week block. Each course equals one credit. All teachers are certified and are required to stay in constant contact with each student throughout the course.
Primavera claims a student-to-teacher ratio of 33:1, although records at the Arizona Department of Education indicate 68:1.

## Results

In 2017–18, there were 21,782 students enrolled in grades six through 12. In 2017's state standardized tests, under a quarter of its students passed mathematics and around a third passed English, both below the state average.
The school had the third-highest drop out rate in Arizona in 2017, with 49% dropping out; around 10 times the state average.

## Finances

Primavera, like other charter schools in Arizona, is publicly funded per pupil, although at a reduced rate due to being online-only.
Primavera opened in 2001 under the management of Primavera Technical Learning Center, a nonprofit charter management organization. In 2015, the school's charter was transferred to for-profit education management organization Flipswitch and its subsidiary, American Virtual Academy, Inc. Flipswitch was renamed Strongmind. It has one shareholder, Damian Creamer.
Creamer has been criticized for using this funding structure to pay himself an $8.8 million yearly salary and making large payments to other companies he owns. The school has also been criticized for teacher salaries and diverting educating funding to a for-profit investment portfolio, worth $36 million in 2015.
# Tour Barberousse

The Tour Barberousse (in English, Redbeard Tower) is in the coastal village of Gruissan in the Aude département of France.
The tower is all that remains of a castle built at the end of the 10th century to observe the approaches to the harbour at Narbonne and to guard against seaborne invasions of the city. Built on a steep, rocky hill, the castle was enlarged in the 12th century by the Archbishops of Narbonne, Guillaume de Broa.
In the 16th century it was dismantled on the orders of Richelieu and has been left neglected since then.
Today, the village of Gruissan surrounds the castle remains. The view from the castle site over the village and surrounding coastline is quite spectacular. The tower and the ruins of the castle are listed as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.
# Police auction

A police auction is an auction of goods which have been confiscated by the police and cannot or may not be returned to their original owners. They may also contain surplus and retired police equipment, such as used police cars.
Police auctions may be found in most countries but differ in their format. In nations such as the United States, they are held by local police departments, and proceeds go to that vendor. In other countries, such as the United Kingdom, they are open to the public.

## United Kingdom

The Proceeds of Crime Act now allows for a court to confiscate any goods that a person can not legally account for. There are many thousands of such court orders issued each year, and items that can not be returned to their legal owner are auctioned off at local auction houses all over the UK.
The term 'Police Auction' has come to represent this category of auction sale although it is not technically correct. The police only sell lost and found items directly at auction. The correct term is Proceeds of Crime auctions as featured in the BBC documentary series Ill Gotten Gains. Proceeds of Crime auctions are an established route used by regional police forces across the country to dispose of proceeds of crime, lost and found, seized, and unclaimed stolen and confiscated property.
Items available at police auctions
* Cars and commercial vehicles
* Boats and yachts
* Building equipment
* Bicycles
* Household goods
* Jewellery and watches
* PlayStation consoles
* Business equipment
* Plant and machinery
* Proceeds of crime
* Plasma TVs and IPads
Police auctions are handled differently depending on the various police forces. Some authorities commission auctions through various contracted auctioneers. Others hold online auctions through various websites.
Lots at police auctions range from brand new or graded from A down in used condition, or goods may be slightly marked. All items listed in any police auction are available for viewing and inspection prior to the sale. Faulty or damaged goods should be clearly marked, and faults are outlined by the auctioneer during the auction.

## U.S.

Police auctions in the U.S. are often held onsite by the local police force, and are hosted by a professional auctioneer. A wide variety of merchandise is available.
About 300 Treasury auctions are held every year by the US Treasury Department. These are conducted throughout the U.S. and Puerto Rico, offering property forfeited as a result of violations of federal law or nonpayment of Internal Revenue Service taxes.

## New Zealand

Police auctions of unclaimed and lost property are held publicly across the country. Auctions will be organised locally were the item was located or surrendered. Police auctions are generally advertised in local papers or bidders can call the local police station to find out when one will take place.
# 1907–08 Columbia men's ice hockey season

The 1907–08 Columbia men's ice hockey season was the 12th season of play for the program.

## Season

Former player Rudolph Von Bernuth acted as coach. R. P. Marshall served as team manager.
Note: Columbia University adopted the Lion as its mascot in 1910.

## Standings

1907–08 Collegiate ice hockey standingsvte :
| | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| | GP | W | L | T | PCT. | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| Army | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | .333 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 18 | 9 |
| Carnegie Tech | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Columbia | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | .250 | 6 | 27 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 30 |
| Cornell | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 |
| Dartmouth | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | .250 | 15 | 34 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 37 |
| Harvard | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | .750 | 32 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 55 | 17 |
| MIT | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | .667 | 15 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 26 | 11 |
| Princeton | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | .400 | 11 | 15 | 15 | 8 | 7 | 0 | 54 | 44 |
| Rensselaer | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | .500 | 19 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 19 | 11 |
| Rochester | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Springfield Training | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trinity | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Tufts | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5 | 1 | 4 | 0 | – | – |
| Union | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | – | – |
| Williams | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 32 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 6 |
| Yale | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 35 | 11 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 41 | 34 |
1907–08 Intercollegiate Hockey Association standingsvte :
| | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Conference | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| | GP | W | L | T | PTS | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| Yale * | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 28 | 10 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 41 | 34 |
| Harvard | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 32 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 55 | 17 |
| Princeton | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 15 | 15 | 8 | 7 | 0 | 54 | 44 |
| Dartmouth | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 25 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 37 |
| Columbia | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 27 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 30 |
| * indicates conference champion |||||||||||||||

## Schedule and results

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Record |
| Regular Season |||||
| December 12 | vs. New York Hockey Club* | St. Nicholas Rink • New York, New York | L 0–3 | 0–1–0 |
| January 4 | Princeton | St. Nicholas Rink • New York, New York | L 0–1 | 0–2–0 (0–1–0) |
| January 11 | Harvard | St. Nicholas Rink • New York, New York | L 1–14 | 0–3–0 (0–2–0) |
| January 16 | Dartmouth | St. Nicholas Rink • New York, New York | W 4–2 | 1–3–0 (1–2–0) |
| January 24 | Yale | St. Nicholas Rink • New York, New York | L 1–10 | 1–4–0 (1–3–0) |
| *Non-conference game. |||||
# William Cabell Bruce

William Cabell Bruce (March 12, 1860 – May 9, 1946) was an American politician and Pulitzer Prize-winning writer who represented the State of Maryland in the United States Senate from 1923 to 1929.

## Background

Bruce was born at Staunton Hill in Charlotte County, Virginia to Charles and Sarah Alexander (Seddon) Bruce (a sister of James Seddon), and received an academic education at Norwood High School and College in Nelson County, Virginia. He later attended the University of Virginia where he bested Woodrow Wilson in both a highly contested formal debate and an essay competition. In 1882, he graduated from the University of Maryland School of Law.

## Career

Bruce was admitted to the Maryland bar the same year and commenced law practice in Baltimore, Maryland. In addition to his career in law, Bruce was also writer, and received a Pulitzer Prize in 1918 for his book Benjamin Franklin, Self-Revealed.
Bruce began his political career in the Maryland Senate, serving from 1894 to 1896, and was appointed as president of the Senate in 1896. He served as head of the city law department of Baltimore from 1903 to 1908; as a member of the Baltimore Charter Commission in 1910; and as general counsel to the Maryland Public Service Commission from 1910 to 1922, at which time he resigned.
Bruce was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination for United States Senator in 1916, but achieved election six years later in the election of 1922. Bruce was defeated in the next election in 1928 by Republican Phillips Lee Goldsborough, and resumed the practice of law in Baltimore until 1937, when he retired.

## Personal and death

Bruce married Louise Este Fisher on October 15, 1887. They had four sons, William Fisher Bruce, James Cabell Bruce, William Cabell Bruce, and David K. E. Bruce.
He died in Ruxton, Maryland, on May 9, 1946. He is buried at St. Thomas' Episcopal Church Cemetery in Garrison, Maryland.

## Select works

* Benjamin Franklin, Self-Revealed: A Biographical Sketch and Critical Study Based Mainly on His Own Writings; New York, London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1917. (Available online: Vol. I, Vol. II.)
* Below the James: A Plantation Sketch; New York: The Neale Publishing Company, 1918. (Available online.)
* John Randolph of Roanoke, 1773–1833; A Biography Based Largely on New Material, in 2 volumes; New York, London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1922. (Available online: Vol. I, Vol. II.)
* Imaginary Conversations with Franklin, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1933.
* Recollections: and, The Inn of Existence, 1936.
* The Negro problem at the Internet Archive (1891)
# Grand-Vivy Castle

Grand-Vivy Castle is a castle in the former municipality of Barberêche (now part of Courtepin) in the Canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It is a Swiss Heritage Site of National Significance.
# Lunca, Botoșani

Lunca is a commune in Botoșani County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Băznoasa, Lunca, Stroiești, Stănești and Zlătunoaia.
# Hazel, Minnesota

Hazel is an unincorporated community in Pennington County, Minnesota, United States, along the Canadian Pacific Railway. The community is only marked on county abstracts and has no postal code. Hazel is the location of a Cenex Harvest States shipping facility.
A post office called Hazel was established in 1904, and remained in operation until 1954. The community was named for the abundance of hazel trees near the original town site.
The village of Hazel is clearly designated on Pennington County maps from 1916, and Red Lake County maps from 1911. Pennington County was part of Red Lake County prior to being designated as its own county. An 1896 map of Northwest Minnesota makes no mention of Hazel, corroborating the likely village inception date as being in the very early 1900s.
While specific village census records are not available, the population of River Falls Township, which contains Hazel, was 323 in 1940, and had fallen to 204 by 1960. Some of those residents would have inhabited nearby farms and not necessarily lived in the Hazel village. By 2010, the population of River Falls township had dropped to 178.
Today, Hazel can be found along County State-Aid Highway 3, near the junction of 170th Avenue NE. Besides the Cenex shipping facility, most of the area is covered by cropland, farms, woods, and single-family rural homes. It is approximately eight miles southeast of Thief River Falls, a major regional town, and about five miles east of St. Hilaire. St. Pauli Lutheran Church is one mile north of Hazel, and the Seven Clans Casino is four miles east.
The Hazel area is home to desirable farmland, suitable for growing wheat, barley, alfalfa, sunflowers, corn, and soybeans. Much of the surrounding area has high crop productivity scores of 80 to 89 on a scale of 1 to 100. The Hazel area is serviced by the Pennington County Sheriff, and Thief River Falls Fire Department, and Public School District 564 (Thief River Falls area).
# Hyoid bone fracture

The hyoid bone fracture is a very rare fracture of the hyoid bone, accounting for 0.002% of all fractures in humans. It is commonly associated with strangulation and rarely occurs in isolation. The fracture may be associated with gunshot injury, car accidents or induced vomiting. In 50% of strangulations and 27% of hangings, hyoid fractures occur.

## Signs and symptoms

The main symptoms of a hyoid bone fracture include pain when the affected person rotates their neck, trouble swallowing (dysphagia), and painful swallowing (odynophagia). Other symptoms can be crepitus or tenderness over the bone, suffocation when sticking out the tongue, dyspnea, dysphonia, and subcutaneous emphysema. On laryngoscope examination, lacerations on the pharynx, bruises, swelling, and/or hyoid bone fragments can be seen. If the hyoid bone is fractured, there is a high likelihood that the larynx, pharynx, mandible, and/or cervical spine may be injured as well. Common co-occurring injuries include Le Fort III fractures, mandibular or cervical vertebra fractures, and mandibular dislocation.

## Causes

* Position of hyoid bone (shown in red)
* Shape of hyoid bone
* Hyoid bone—anterior surface, enlarged
* Anterolateral view of head and neck
Neck trauma, commonly by strangulation, athletic activities, and car accidents, is the cause of a hyoid bone fracture. Other causes include violent vomiting, gunshot wounds, and hanging.

## Diagnosis

A diagnosis can be made using clinical examination, laryngoscope examination, and/or radiographic studies.

### Classification

Hyoid bone fractures are classified into three different types:
* Inward compression fractures with outside periosteal tears
* Antero-posterior compression fractures with inside periosteal tears
* Avulsion fractures

## Treatment

Treatment options vary from very conservative to aggressive. Conservative options include rest, observation, pain control, diet changes, use of a nasopharyngeal tube or oropharyngeal tube, and antibiotic therapy. More aggressive options include surgical repair of the hyoid bone and/or tracheotomy. Surgical treatment was used in 10.9% of cases in a 2012 meta-analysis.

## Epidemiology

Hyoid bone fractures represent 0.002% of all fractures; they are rare because the hyoid bone is well-protected by its location in the neck behind the mandible and in front of the cervical spine, as well as its mobility.
# Mohamed Bouchouari

Mohamed Bouchouari (born 15 November 2000) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Rodez AF.

## Club career

Bouchouari played youth football with Beerschot, Zulte Waregem, PSV Eindhoven and RSC Anderlecht. He played as a winger before adapting to play as a wing-back and then full-back. In June 2019 Bouchouari joined F91 Dudelange. He experienced playing in the UEFA Europa League for the Luxembourg side in the 2019-20 season before it was curtailed by the COVID-19 pandemic. He returned to and Anderlecht in December 2020 and signed a contract until June 2022. In February 2022 he renewed his contract until 2024. Playing for the Anderlecht U23 team in the Belgian First Division B he scored his first professional goal for RSCA Futures against SK Beveren in August 2022.
On transfer deadline day in September 2022 he joined FC Emmen of the Eredivisie on loan. Bouchouari scored his first goal in the Eredivisie as Emmen secured a 3-3 draw with champions AFC Ajax on 12 November 2022. He was awarded man in the match for his performance in the game, the third time he had received that honour for Emmen in his eighth game.
In July 2024, he signed for Rodez AF on a three-year contract.

## International career

In 2018 Bouchouari represented Belgium at under-19 level.

## Personal life

Bouchouari is of Moroccan heritage.
# Interaction point

In particle physics, an interaction point (IP) is the place where particles collide in an accelerator experiment. The nominal interaction point is the design position, which may differ from the real or physics interaction point, where the particles actually collide. A related, but distinct, concept is the primary vertex: the reconstructed location of an individual particle collision.
For fixed target experiments, the interaction point is the point where beam and target interact. For colliders, it is the place where the beams interact. Experiments (detectors) at particle accelerators are built around the nominal interaction points of the accelerators. The whole region around the interaction point (the experimental hall) is called an interaction region. Particle colliders such as LEP, HERA, RHIC, Tevatron and LHC can host several interaction regions and therefore several experiments taking advantage of the same beam.
# Charles Stuart, 5th Earl of Lennox

Charles Stuart, 5th Earl of Lennox (April or May 1557 – April 1576), was the fourth son of Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox and Lady Margaret Douglas, daughter of Margaret Tudor and granddaughter of King Henry VII of England. His brother was Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, husband of Mary, Queen of Scots. He was the uncle of King James VI and I.

## Life and family

The 4th Earl of Lennox until his death in 1571 was regent for his young grandson, King James VI of Scotland. Charles's elder brother and James's father was Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley who had died in 1567. As a result, the Earldom of Lennox on the death of the 4th Earl was inherited by James VI and the title merged with the Crown. However, shortly after his father's death, the title was bestowed on Charles, amounting to a new creation of the title albeit in a cadet (younger) branch of the same family.
Charles proceeded to incur the displeasure of Queen Elizabeth I of England by a hasty marriage to Elizabeth Cavendish, daughter of Bess of Hardwick, apparently at his mother's instigation. The couple had one child, Lady Arbella Stuart. After the death of the 5th Earl, King James, who was still a minor, acquired the earldom despite the intervention of Queen Elizabeth I of England on her behalf. Lady Arbella Stuart married William Seymour. She was later imprisoned in the Tower of London and died there in 1615.
Charles Stuart died in early April 1576 from consumption.
# Louisenberg Castle

Louisenberg Castle is a castle in the municipality of Salenstein of the Canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.
# Bülent Üçüncü

Bülent Üçüncü (born 13 August 1974) is a Turkish former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.
He acquired French nationality by naturalization on 30 September 1996.
Üçüncü retired from professional football in December 2005 at the age of 31, re-joining Stade Quimpérois in the French amateur-level Division d'Honneur. He had started his senior career at the club.
# The Squeaker (1930 film)

The Squeaker is a 1930 British mystery crime film directed by Edgar Wallace and starring Percy Marmont, Anne Grey and Gordon Harker.
It was shot at Beaconsfield Studios. The film was adapted by Wallace from his own 1927 novel The Squeaker. It was one of several films based on Wallace's novels made by the British Lion Film company during the era. Wallace's son, Bryan Edgar Wallace, reportedly edited the film.

## Cast

* Percy Marmont as Captain Leslie
* Anne Grey as Beryl Stedman
* Gordon Harker as Bill Annerley
* Trilby Clark as Millie Trent
* Alfred Drayton as Lew Friedman
* Eric Maturin as Frank Sutton
* Nigel Bruce as Collie
* W. Cronin Wilson as Inspector