OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Negrar di Valpolicella

Negrar di Valpolicella is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, about 110 kilometres (68 mi) west of Venice and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Verona. Since 8 February 2019, the official name has been changed to "Negrar di Valpolicella" (L.R. n. 7, 8 February 2019) after a referendum was held in the town.

## History

In prehistoric times, it was a center of the Arusnati, a not-well-known population of perhaps mixed origins. In the Middle Ages it was a free commune until it was acquired by the Scaliger of Verona (14th century). Later it was part of the Republic of Venice, under which, in 1791, it received the right to hold a livestock market. In 2020 the municipality announced that a Roman villa had been discovered beneath a local vineyard.

### Archaeology

In May 2020, the discovery of a well-preserved Roman mosaic floor dating to the 3rd century AD buried underneath a vineyard is reported after about a century of searching the site of a long-lost villa.

## Economy

Negrar and its villages are mainly devoted to agriculture, with production of cherries, vine and fruit, and of wines such as Valpolicella, Amarone and Recioto.

## Notable people

* Andrea Benvenuti, athlete
* Pietro Boselli, engineer, former mathematician and model
* Davide Formolo, cyclist
* Matteo Manassero, professional golfer
* Damiano Tommasi, ex professional footballer, mayor of Verona
* Ronnie Quintarelli, racing driver.

## Gallery

* Panorama
* vineyards
* vineyards
* Villa Mosconi Bertani and Amarone vineyards
* Villa Rizzardi and Amarone vineyards
# Henri Gatien Bertrand

Henri-Gatien Bertrand (French pronunciation:; 22 March 1773 – 31 January 1844) was a French general who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. Under the Empire he was the third and last Grand marshal of the palace, the head of the Military Household of emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, whom he followed in both the exiles to Elba and Saint-Helena.

## Life

Bertrand was born at Châteauroux, in the province of Berry, to a well-to-do bourgeois family.
At the outbreak of the French Revolution, he had just finished his studies at the Prytanée National Militaire, and he entered the army as a volunteer. During the expedition to Egypt, Napoleon named him colonel (1798), then brigadier-general, and after the Battle of Austerlitz his aide-de-camp. His life was henceforth closely bound up with that of Napoleon, who had the fullest confidence in him, honoring him in 1808 with the title of count and at the end of 1813, with the title of Grand Marshal of the Palace.
In 1808 Bertrand married Fanny (1785–1836), the daughter of general Arthur Dillon and through her mother a cousin of the Empress Joséphine. They had six children, with one being born on Elba and another on Saint Helena.
It was Bertrand who in 1809 directed the building of the bridges by which the French army crossed the Danube at Wagram. In 1811, the Emperor appointed Bertrand governor of the Illyrian Provinces and during the German campaign of 1813, he commanded IV Corps which he led in the battles of Großbeeren, Dennewitz, Wartenburg and Leipzig.
In 1813, after the Battle of Leipzig, it was due to his initiative that the French army was not totally destroyed. He accompanied the Emperor to Elba in 1814, returned with him in 1815, held a command in the Waterloo campaign, and then, after the defeat, accompanied Napoleon to St Helena. Condemned to death in 1816, he did not return to France until after Napoleon's death, and then Louis XVIII granted him amnesty allowing him to retain his rank. Bertrand was elected deputy in 1830 but defeated in 1834. In 1840 he was chosen to accompany the Prince of Joinville to St. Helena to retrieve and bring Napoleon's remains to France, in what became known as the retour des cendres.
During his exile on St Helena he compiled Napoléon's confidences in a book entitled "Les cahiers de Sainte Hélène". The manuscript was codified and later decodified and commented by Paul Fleuriot de Langle. According to historians, this document is more accurate than Las Cases' "Memorial de Sainte Hélène" which reached a much larger amount of readers in the 19 century as it was designed for propangadistic purposes.
Bertrand's fourth child, Arthur, born on St. Helena, quickly became a favorite of Napoleon's. Arthur is otherwise best known for his affair with French actress Mademoiselle Rachel, with which he had a son.
He died at Châteauroux on 31 January 1844 and was buried in Les Invalides. Alexandre Dumas mentions Bertrand in the earlier pages of his well-known novel The Count of Monte Cristo. He is also mentioned in Book II Chapter 1 of Les Misérables by Victor Hugo.
# Pere Alberch Vila

Pere Alberch Vila (Catalan: Pere Alberc i Vila) (1517–1582): was a Catalan Renaissance composer and organist. He was born Pere Alberc i Ferrament at Vic in 1517. The nickname i Vila comes from a more notable branch of his family.
Alberch trained in the Cathedral of Vic and later, between 1534 and 1536, in Valencia with his uncle, Pere Vila. There he met other musicians working in the court of the Duke of Calabria, such as Mateo Flecha and Bartomeu Càrceres. From 1536 until his death, Alberch was organist at the Cathedral of Barcelona, and famed throughout Europe. He died in Barcelona.

## Works

Alberch's works include:
* A book of tientos for organ.
* 2 surviving ensaladas:
** [wikisource:es:El bon jorn El bon jorn] (timing 11'50)
** La Lucha (timing 8'29)
* Madrigals, published in Barcelona in 1561.
His book of madrigals marked the first use of the term by a Spanish composer. They were based on the texts of Pere Serafí and Ausiàs March, among others.

## Discography

* El bon jorn. La Lucha. On Las Ensaladas, Praga 1581, La Colombina dir. Josep Cabré K617 2009.
* Reyna soberana. Con voz llorosa. O Virgen sancta. On La Justa, La Colombina dir. Josep Cabré Accent 1994.
# KYAH

* For the former radio station which held the callsign KYAH, see KNAK (AM).
* For the Australian soccer player, see Kyah Simon.
* Kyah Cahill
# Carlo Vercellone

Carlo Vercellone (10 January 1814 – 19 January 1869) was an Italian biblical scholar.

## Biography

Carlo was born at Biella. He entered the Order of the Barnabites at Genoa, in 1829; studied philosophy at Turin and theology at Rome, under Luigi Ungarelli.
He taught the sacred sciences at Alessandria, Turin, Perugia and Parma.
In 1847, was made president of the college of the Barnabites at Rome, a position which he held together with the charge first of procurator, and then superior general of his order, and with various offices in several Roman Congregations, until his death in Rome on 19 January 1869 at the age of 55.

## Works

His first publication was (1857) the edition (5 quarto volumes) of the Vatican manuscript (B) of the Scriptures prepared by Cardinal Mai under the auspices of Leo XII and printed from 1828 to 1838, to which he added by way of preface a letter to the reader.
That this edition was far from perfect, Mai himself had well realized, and Vercellone publicly acknowledged in the above-mentioned letter; he at once set out to have it corrected mainly from Mai's notes, the outcome of his labours being a new octavo edition of the New Testament (Rome, 1859), prefaced by an epistle. A few months before, a poor reprint of the New Testament edition of 1857 had been struck off at Leipzig for a London firm. Yet critics persisted in thinking a new and accurate edition of the "Vaticanus" was imperatively needed, and Pius IX manifested his intention to carry out the design and entrust it to Vercellone. The latter helped Tischendorf in the preparation of his "Nov. Test. Vat." (Leipzig, 1867).
In 1868 appeared the first volume of the "Bibliorum sacrorum graecus codex vaticanus, auspice PIO IX...editus", the work of Vercellone and the Basilian monk Giuseppe Cozza-Luzi; the second volume (Genesis-Josue) followed in 1869, shortly before Vercellone's death, and the others in 1870, 1871, 1872, and 1881, Gaetano Sergio and Canon Enrico Fabiani having replaced Vercellone.
Vercellone's critical studies on the text of the Latin Vulgate, although he brought the work only as far as IV Kings, contributed more to his fame than the editing of the Vatican manuscript. These studies, with important and valuable prolegomena, appeared (2 volumes, 1860–64) under the title, "Variae lectiones Vulgatae latinae editionis Bibliorum", and may be said to have paved the way for the revision of the Vulgate.
As preparatory to his edition of the Greek Bible, Vercellone wrote "Ulteriori studii sul N. T. greco dell' antichissimo Cod. Vaticano" (Rome, 1866); in 1867 he published a critical study, "La Storia dell' adultera nel Vangelo di s. Giovanni" (Rome), in which he defended the authenticity of the passage (John 7:53-8:11).
He also edited nine pamphlets of Gerdil on the Hierarchy of the Church.
In 1869 he published a "Discours sur l'histoire des langues semitiques de Renan", in which he refuted some of the assertions of the French critic.

## Sources

* This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Carlo Vercellone". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
# New Brunswick Route 172

Route 172 is a 16 km (9.9 mi)-long mostly north–south secondary highway in southwest New Brunswick, Canada.

## Route description

The route's northern terminus is at the intersection of Route 780 and Route 1 (exit 56) in Upper Letang, New Brunswick. The road is a continuation of Poor House Hill Road and is also known as Mt. Pleasant Road. From there, it runs west to the community of St. George and passes the Magaguadavic Basin. From there, the highway goes south through a mostly forested area before passing the west shore of Scotch Bay. Route 172 continues to the community of L'Etang.
The road continues southwest past Browns Cove and Spragues Cove before arriving in the community of Back Bay next to the Bay of Fundy. In Back Bay, the route takes a sharp turn heading west towards the small community of L'Etete. It L'Etele, Route 172 takes a sharp turn south past Matthews Cove and finally the route heads west to the Deer Island Ferry to Deer Island. On Deer Island, the continuation of Route 172 is numbered 772.
# HGe 4/4 II

The HGe 4/4 $^{II}$ is a combined adhesion and cogwheel-equipped electric locomotive used on a number of metre gauge railways in Switzerland since 1985.
An initial series of five prototypes was procured by a consortium made up of the Furka Oberalp Bahn (FO) and the SBB-CFF-FFS, which wanted them for the Brünigbahn, now known as the Zentralbahn (zb). Once the type had been proven, the members of the consortium ordered a total of 11 series production units, and the Brig-Visp-Zermatt-Bahn (BVZ) ordered another five such units.
The class is so named because it was the second class of locomotives of the Swiss locomotive and railcar classification type HGe 4/4 to be acquired by each of the three railway companies that procured it. According to that classification system, HGe 4/4 denotes a narrow gauge cogwheel-equipped electric locomotive with a total of four axles, all of which are drive axles.

## List of locomotives

| Operator | Number | In service | Name | Notes |
| SBB | 1951 | 1985 | (none) | prototype, to FO *) |
| SBB | 1952 | 1985 | (none) | prototype, to FO *) |
| SBB / zb | 101 961-1 | 1989 | Horw |
| SBB / zb | 101 962-9 | 1989 | Hergiswil |
| SBB / zb | 101 963-7 | 1989 | Alpnach |
| SBB / zb | 101 964-5 | 1990 | Sachseln |
| SBB / zb | 101 965-2 | 1990 | Lungern |
| SBB / zb | 101 966-0 | 1990 | Brünig-Hasliberg |
| SBB / zb | 101 967-8 | 1990 | Brienz | *) |
| SBB / zb | 101 968-6 | 1990 | Ringgenberg | *) |
| FO / MGB | 101 | 1986 | Ville de Sion / Sitten | prototype |
| FO / MGB | 102 | 1986 | Altdorf | prototype |
| FO / MGB | 103 | 1986 | Chur / Marcau da Cuera | prototype |
| FO / MGB | 104 | 1985/90 | Furka | former SBB-CFF-FFS 1951 *) |
| FO / MGB | 105 | 1985/90 | Oberalp / Alp Su | former SBB-CFF-FFS 1952 *) |
| FO / MGB | 106 | 1990 | St. Gotthard / S. Gottardo |
| FO / MGB | 107 | 1990 | Grimsel |
| FO / MGB | 108 | 1990 | Channel Tunnel ex Nufenen / Novena |
| BVZ / MGB | 1 | 1990 | Matterhorn |
| BVZ / MGB | 2 | 1990 | Monte Rosa |
| BVZ / MGB | 3 | 1990 | Dom |
| BVZ / MGB | 4 | 1990 | Täschhorn |
| BVZ / MGB | 5 | 1990 | Mount Fuji ex Dent Blanche |
*) The chassis of locomotives 1951 and 1952 were fitted with new bogies (Abt system) and transformers (11 kV) and delivered to the FO as nos. 104 and 105. The prototype bogies (Riggenbach system) and transformers (15 kV) salvaged from those chassis were then fitted to the last two series production locomotives delivered to the SBB-CFF-FFS Brünigbahn.
# Pete Prown

Pete Prown (born 1963) is an American writer and magazine editor, painter, guitarist, and music journalist. He has worked as the editor-in-chief of Guitar Shop magazine and music editor for Vintage Guitar. His writing has also appeared in publications such as Guitar Player and Guitar for the Practicing Musician, among dozens of other magazines.

## Works

Paintings. Samples of Pete Prown's acclaimed artwork can be found on his website.
Recordings. Beginning in 2006, released a series of indie CDs showcasing his noted guitar work and receiving strong reviews:
* Guitar Garden - China Rose (2006)
* Guitar Garden - Secret Space (2007)
* Sir Clive & the Raging Cartographers - Guitar Safari (2009)
* Guitar Garden - Guitar Garden III (2011)
* Oval Planet - Trench Poems (2019)
* Gordon/Prown/King - Moorish Code (2020)
* Miscellaneous recordings (2019-2022)
Music Journalism. From 1993 to 1998 Prown was the editor in chief of the international magazine Guitar Shop, followed by his role as a Music Editor at Vintage Guitar magazine. He is also the author of several rock-music reference and guitar-instructional books and CDs, such as:
* Modal Riffs for Rock Guitar (1995)
* Legends of Rock Guitar (co-written with HP Newquist, 1997)
* Gear Secrets of the Guitar Legends (co-written with Lisa Sharken, 2003)
* Shred! The Ultimate Guide to Warp-Speed Guitar (co-written with Rich Maloof, 2006)
* Ultimate Heavy Metal Guitars (Quarto Motorbooks, 2023)
Brown has written for Guitar Player, Guitar One, Guitar for the Practicing Musician, Car Stereo Review, Musician's Planet, InTune Monthly, Music Alive, Philadelphia Magazine, as well as many others.
Fiction Books. Among other projects, Prown writes fantasy fiction, publishing the following via Amazon.com:
* Thimble Down (2013)
* Devils & Demons (2014)
* The Lost Ones
* Master Black (2017) -- print and audiobook editions
Other Publishing From 1998 to 2013, Pete Prown was also editor of the gardening magazine Green Scene for the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, based in Philadelphia. He's also edited several books (such as Jane Godshalk's Flower Arranging Secrets), and is an accomplished photographer and communicator.
# Craig Benson (swimmer)

Craig Benson (born 30 April 1994) is a Scottish former competitive swimmer who specialised in breaststroke. He represented Great Britain at the Olympics and European Championships.

## Early life

Benson attended The James Young High School in Livingston, West Lothian.

## Career

In 2011 Benson, at 17 years old, was selected for the 2011 European Junior Swimming Championships in Belgrade, where he won a silver medal in the 100-metre breaststroke, was fourth in the 50-metre breaststroke, and also a member of the fourth-place 4x100-metre medley relay.
A few weeks later Benson won the World Junior men's championship for the 100-metre breaststroke at the FINA World Junior Swimming Championships in Lima, Peru in 2011 and was second in the 50-metre breaststroke. He holds the world junior men's record for the 100-metre breaststroke.
Benson then won the 50-metre, 100-metre and 200-metre breaststroke and won silver in the 4x100-metre medley relay at the 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games on the Isle of Man. and was named Athlete of the Games.
At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the men's 100-metre breaststroke, finishing in sixth place in the second semifinal, failing to reach the final. He also swam in the heats of the men's 4x100-metre medley relay. He was the youngest member of the Great Britain swimming squad at these Olympics.
Benson, won a bronze medal at the 2012 European Junior Swimming Championships in Antwerp, Belgium, 0.04 of a second behind the winner, Olympic swimmer Dănilă Artiomov. He also swam in the 2012 European Short Course Swimming Championships in Chartres, France, and was part of the medley relay squad that broke the British record.
He was awarded the Sunday Mail Young Sports Personality of the Year award in 2012.
In 2013 he was swimming for Warrender Baths Club under coaches Laurel Bailey and Kris Gilchrist. Benson was fourth in the 100m breatstrolke at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Benson moved to the University of Stirling with a sports scholarship following the 2014 Commonwealth Games. He now studies and resides in the city.
At the 2015 World University Games, Benson won two bronze medals in the 100- and 200-metre breastroke events. He also won the 200-metre breaststroke at the US Open Championships, beating Michael Phelps in the process. He won a silver at the 200m Breaststroke at the 2016 FINA Swimming World Cup meet held in Dubai.
At the 2016 European Championships in London, he was part of the team that won gold in the 4x100 metre mixed medley. He swam in the heats but not in the final. He also represented Britain at the 2016 Rio Olympics, but did not get beyond the semi-finals of the 200m breaststroke.
He confirmed his retirement at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, earning a bronze medal from swimming the heats of the men's 4 × 100 m medley relay.
# Pendar

Pendar may refer to:
* Kenneth Pendar (1906–1972), American diplomat
* Mohsen Pezeshkpour (a.k.a. Pendar; c. 1927–2011), Iranian politician
# Dang Ye-seo

Dang Ye-seo (Korean: 당예서; Hanja: 唐汭序; Korean pronunciation:; born April 27, 1981, in Changchun, Jilin, China and originally known as Tang Na 唐娜) is a naturalized South Korean table tennis player. She was part of the table tennis team that won a bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and part of the team that won a bronze medal at the 2012 World Team Championships.
# Iuliana Buhuș

Iuliana Buhuș (born 4 July 1995) is a Romanian rower. She competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Stanton C. Pemberton

Stanton Clayborn Pemberton (July 9, 1858– May 25, 1944) was an American politician and businessman.

## Biography

Pemberton was born near Oakland, Illinois. He was involved with the lumber and coal business in Oakland, Illinois. He served in the Illinois Senate from 1897 until 1913/ Pemberton was a Republican. He died at the Paris Hospital in Paris, Illinois after suffering a stroke. The Pemberton Hall at Eastern Illinois University in Charleston, Illinois was named after Pemberton who was able to get the appropriation approved for the resident hall.
# Cam Lockridge

Cameron Lockridge is an American football cornerback for the Fresno State Bulldogs. He previously played for the Hawaii Rainbow Warriors.

## Early life and high school

Lockridge attended Thomas Richard Robinson High School in Tampa, Florida, and committed to play college football at Reedley College.

## College career
### Reedley

In one season at Reedley in 2019, Lockridge recorded four interceptions.

### Hawaii

Lockridge committed to play for the Hawaii Rainbow Warriors after one season at Reedley. In two seasons at Hawaii in 2020 and 2021, he notched 73 tackles, three interceptions, and a touchdown. After the 2022 season, Lockridge entered his name into the NCAA transfer portal.

### Fresno State

Lockridge transferred to play for the Fresno State Bulldogs. In his first two seasons with the Bulldogs in 2022 and 2023, he played in just 17 games due to injury where notched 51 tackles with four being for a loss, a sack, 15 pass deflections, six interceptions a fumble recovery, and a touchdown. In week 3 of the 2024 season, Lockridge recorded six tackles, two pass deflections, two interceptions, and a forced fumble, as he helped Fresno State to a win over New Mexico State.
# Acacia dunnii

Acacia dunnii, commonly known as elephant ear wattle or Dunn's wattle, is a shrub or tree of the genus Acacia and the subgenus Plurinerves.

## Names

Its specific epithet, dunnii, is to honour Edward Dunn, government geologist for Victoria (1904–1912). Aboriginal names for it are: (in) Jaminjung, Ngaliwurru, Nungali: Bawaya (Jam, Ngal); (in) Ngarinyman: Barrawi.

## Description

This small shrub or tree flowers and fruits in all months of the year. The erect, slender shrub or tree typically grows to a height of 1.5 to 6 metres (5 to 20 ft) and a width of 2 to 4 metres (7 to 13 ft). It blooms from January to June and produces yellow flowers. A. dunnii generally has only a single stem. The silvery blue phyllodes are 20 to 45 centimetres (8 to 18 in) long and 6 to 16 cm (2 to 6 in) wide and hang vertically from branches. It has terminal inflorescences with an axis that is 21 to 27 cm (8 to 11 in) long. The yellow flower Heads are globular with a diameter of 8 to 15 millimetres (0.3 to 0.6 in). After flowering brown woody seed pods form. The pods have a flat linear to oblong shape and can be slightly curved with a length of 6 to 14.5 cm (2 to 6 in) and a width of 2.4 to 3 cm (0.9 to 1.2 in).

## Taxonomy

The species was formally described by the botanist William Bertram Turrill in 1922 in the work Dunn's Wattle as published in the Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information. Synonyms for the plant include Racosperma dunnii as described by Leslie Pedley and Acacia sericata var. dunnii by Joseph Maiden.

## Distribution

It is native to an area in the Northern Territory and the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Despite records for Queensland, the Commonwealth Heads of Australian Herbaria consider A dunnii not to be native to Queensland, but to have become naturalised. It grows on shallow skeletal sandy soils, over sandstone or quartzite Often found on ridges, stony hills and amongst rocks and rocky outcrops.