OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# La Grenouillère (Monet)

La Grenouillère is an 1869 painting by the French impressionist painter, Claude Monet. (Oil on canvas, 74.6 cm x 99.7 cm). It depicts "Flowerpot Island", also known as the Camembert, and the gangplank to La Grenouillère, a floating restaurant and boat-hire on the Seine at Croissy-sur-Seine. He was accompanied by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, who also painted the scene at the same time.

## History

Monet wrote on September 25, 1869, in a letter to fellow artist Frédéric Bazille, "I do have a dream, a painting (tableau), the baths of La Grenouillère, for which I have made some bad sketches (pochades), but it is only a dream. Pierre-Auguste Renoir, who has just spent two months here, also wants to do this painting." Monet and Renoir, both desperately poor, were quite close at the time.
The painting here and one in the London National Gallery (Bathers at La Grenouillere, oil on canvas, 73 x 92 cm) are probably the sketches mentioned by Monet in his letter. A bigger size painting, now lost but formerly in the Arnhold collection in Berlin, may well have been the "tableau" that he dreamed of. The broad, constructive brushstrokes here are clearly those of a sketch. For his exhibition pictures Monet usually sought a more delicate and carefully calibrated surface at this time. An almost identical composition of the same subject by Renoir, La Grenouillère, is in the Nationalmuseum, Stockholm. The two friends were undoubtedly working side by side.
La Grenouillère was a popular middle-class resort consisting of a spa, a boating establishment and a floating café. Optimistically promoted as "Trouville-sur-Seine", it was located on the Seine near Bougival, easily accessible by train from Paris and had just been favoured with a visit by Emperor Napoleon III with his wife and son. Monet and Renoir both recognized in La Grenouillère an ideal subject for the images of leisure they hoped to sell.
La Grenouillère is the setting for Guy de Maupassant's 1881 short story "La femme de Paul". It is described as a place where "we smell, deep in our nostrils, the world's froth, all its distinguished scoundrels, the mould of Parisian society: a mixture of salesmen, show offs, lowly journalists, chaperoned young men, corrupt amateurs of the stock exchange, cretinous party animals, desiccated old pleasure seekers; a shady crowd of all suspect beings, half well known, half lost, half greeted, half dishonoured, swindlers, rascals, suppliers of women, lords of industry with a dignified look, the look of a blusterer which seems to be saying: "The first one that calls me a rogue, I'll bust him"."

## Description

As in his earlier picture of the Garden at Sainte-Adresse, Monet concentrated on repetitive elements – the ripples on the water, the foliage, the boats, the human figures – to weave a fabric of brushstrokes which, although emphatically brushstrokes, retain a strong descriptive quality.

## Provenance

The painting is now in the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art. It was bequeathed by Mrs. H. O. Havemeyer in 1929.
# Dimitris Reppas

Dimitris Reppas (Greek: Δημήτρης Ρέππας; born July 6, 1952, in Leonidio, Arcadia) is a Greek politician of the Movement of Democratic Socialists and a current Member of the Hellenic Parliament. From 2009 to 2012 he served as Minister for Infrastructure, Transport and Networks and as the first Minister for Administrative Reform of Greece.

## Life

Dimitris Reppas was born in 1952 in Leonidio, Arcadia. He graduated from the School of Dentistry of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and is a member of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement since 1974.
In 1975, he was elected as president of the students union of the Dental School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and as a member of the National Students Union, in the first elections after the end of the Greek military junta of 1967–1974. From 1976 until 1981, he was the Deputy Secretary of the PASOK youth wing.
He was elected as a member of the Hellenic Parliament for the first time in 1981, as a member of Parliament for the prefecture of Arcadia. In 1984, he was elected as a member of the PASOK Central Committee. In 1993, he was a member of the Presidency of PASOK's Parliamentary Group.
In January 1996, he was appointed as Minister for Press and Public Transport as well as the Government Spokesman, a post that he held until 2001.
In October 2001, he was elected as a member of the Executive Office of the PASOK Central Committee. On 24 October 2001, he was appointed as Minister for Employment and Social Security, a position that he held until the elections of March 2004. With PASOK's return to power after the October 2009 elections, Reppas was appointed as the Minister for Infrastructure, Transport and Networks.
On 3 January 2015, it was announced that Reppas would join former prime minister Papandreou in leaving PASOK to found the new Movement of Democratic Socialists.
Dimitris Reppas is fluent in English. He is married with two children.

## Publications

* Face to Face with the Media
# EidosMedia

EidosMedia S.p.A. is a publishing software company. Established in 1999, the company maintains headquarters in Milan, Italy with offices internationally. Its main products are used by large media companies and include Méthode, a content management system and Cobalt, a digital delivery framework.

## History

Eidosmedia was founded in 1999 and purchased by Hg Capital in 2015.

## Software

EidosMedia's flagship product is Méthode, a content management system for multimedia publishing that is mainly used by large news organizations. The product is based on the XML markup language. It also provides a digital delivery framework known as Cobalt. Its software is also available in the cloud.
Early customers were Il Sole 24 Ore, RCS MediaGroup and Adnkronos in Italy, with the first international client to purchase Méthode being the Financial Times of Londo in 2002. Other news organizations include The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, and The Boston Globe, The Financial Times, The Times and Le Figaro, Les Échos and Le Monde, as well as national and regional publishing groups in Europe, the USA, Africa and Asia-Pacific.
# Romont Castle

Romont Castle is a castle in the municipality of Romont of the Canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.
# Hans Tiedge

Hans-Joachim Tiedge (24 June 1937 in Berlin – 6 April 2011 near Moscow) was a head of West Germany's counter-intelligence in the Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV) in Cologne. He was revealed to be an East German spy when he defected to the East on 19 August 1985. He had been recruited by Markus Wolf.

## History

In the four years prior to his defection, he was responsible for tracking down East German spies, but with little success. In the same period, the East Germans captured 168 West German spies. He was thought to have defected for personal reasons, as he had not, apparently, been discovered. His treachery was called the most damaging of the Cold War for the Federal Republic of Germany, resulting in the recall of numerous West German agents still in the field and plunging the West German counterespionage service into ruins.
Questions were raised as to how Tiedge managed to hold on to his position despite serious debts, family issues and a drinking problem. It was suspected that his superior, Herbert Hellenbroich may have assisted him to hold his position. Hellenbroich resigned within weeks of the defection.
Days before German reunification Tiedge was flown out to the Soviet Union by the Soviet occupying forces and lived near Moscow. He died on 6 April 2011.
Tiedge's defection was mentioned in the Phoenix Force novel The Doomsday Syndrome in 1986.
# Stratford-upon-Avon Guildhall

Stratford-upon-Avon Guildhall is a historic building in Church Street, Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England. It is a Grade I listed building. Dating from the early 15th century, the Guildhall was for centuries at the centre of life in Stratford, being used for assemblies, as a meeting place for the local council, and as a school building for the King Edward VI School. Most famously William Shakespeare almost certainly attended school here. The building was opened to the public in 2016, after being restored.

## History

The guildhall was established as a meeting place for the Guild of the Holy Cross, a religious group of merchants in the town. It was adjacent to the 13th century Guild Chapel, which was the merchants' place of worship. It also adjoined the almshouses, which were built around the same time.
The building, which is timber-framed with plaster infill, was completed in around 1417; the design made extensive use of jettied timber framing and featured an entrance to the left end bay with iron gates at ground floor level and six leaded windows at first floor level; there was a wing to the south-east. Internally, the design included a main hall, with a stone floor and chamfered ceiling beams, on the ground floor and two rooms, with spine beam, on the first floor. Originally the ground floor hall displayed iconography depicting God the Father flanked by Mary, mother of Jesus and John the Evangelist. The wing to the south-east is thought to have been used as an armoury.
After the suppression of the chantries and religious guilds under King Edward VI in 1547, the local borough council petitioned for control of the building and secured ownership of it in 1553. The council used the ground floor hall as their main offices and also as a court of record, so that local commercial disputes might be resolved. The medieval iconography was whitewashed as part of the Government's reformation policy in 1563. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the ground floor hall was used for public assemblies, including theatre performances, but also continued to be used as the meeting place of Stratford-upon-Avon Borough Council until meetings were transferred to larger facilities at Stratford-upon-Avon Town Hall in Sheep Street in 1843.
Meanwhile, the first floor rooms were used for teaching by the newly re-founded King's New School from 1560. William Shakespeare probably attended the school as a child, although he is thought to have left at an early age, in the early 1570s. The facility, which continues to be used by King Edward VI School, was restored, at a cost on £1.8 million, with support from the Heritage Lottery Fund, between July 2015 and April 2016. The restoration included treatment of the timbers and conservation of the medieval iconography and also revealed an additional unexpected medieval painting of John the Baptist. The guildhall was then opened to the public for the first time in April 2016.
# Montserrat Artamendi

Montserrat Artamendi García (born 17 September 1941) is a Spanish gymnast. She competed in six events at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Alice in Wonderland (1981 film)

Alice in Wonderland (Russian: Алиса в Стране чудес, romanized: Alisa v Strane chudes) is a 1981 Soviet animated film based on Lewis Carroll's 1865 novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. It was produced by Kievnauchfilm and directed by Yefrem Pruzhanskyy. It originally aired on Ukrainian television in three parts.

## Plot

The cartoon is based on the fairy tale story by Lewis Carroll. One summer, a girl named Alice, chasing a bizarre White Rabbit with a watch in his pocket, fell into a rabbit hole and... found herself in Wonderland, a wonderland. Here, Alice will have to become smaller and bigger several times, meet the Blue Caterpillar and the Cheshire Cat, go to a "crazy tea party" with the Hatter and the March Hare, find out why gardeners dye roses, meet the Queen of Hearts on the croquet court, and finally take part in the trial of the Jack of Hearts, who stole the royal cutlets.

## Voice cast

* Marina Neyolova as Alice
* Vyacheslav Nevinny as White Rabbit
* Tatyana Vasilyeva as Queen of Hearts
* Rina Zelyonaya as Duchess
* Aleksandr Burmistrov as Hatter
* Yevhen Paperny as Knave of Hearts
* Heorhiy Kyshko as March Hare
* Aleksandr Shirvindt as Cheshire Cat
* Malvina Shvidler as Caterpillar
* Lyudmila Ignatenko as The Dormouse
* Rostislav Plyatt as Narrator
# Richard Connolly (monk)

Richard Hugh Connolly (1873 – 16 March 1948) was a monk of Downside Abbey in Somerset, England, and a patristic scholar who was a major contributor to Syriac scholarship.
He was born at Carcoar in New South Wales, Australia, and attended St Stanislaus' College, Bathurst, in 1889. He continued his education in England at Downside and at Christ's College, Cambridge. He made his solemn profession at Downside Abbey in 1896, was ordained priest in 1899, and became Head of Benet House, Cambridge (1904–16), where he was closely associated with some outstanding patristic scholars in the university (J. A. Robinson, F. C. Burkitt, J. F. Bethune-Baker). His main work lay in the field of early Syrian Christianity. Barred for reasons of health from administrative or public roles he was trained by Edmund Bishop and belonged to a notable group of Cambridge Orientalists. He was a major contributor to the Journal of Theological Studies, the Downside Review and an early editor in the Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium.

## Major works

* Life of St. Rita of Cascia (1903)
* Anonymi Auctoris Expositio Officiorum Ecclesiae Georgio Arbelensi Adscripta, I, T. CSCO 64(Scriptores Syri 25),1911; V. CSCO 71 (Scriptores Syri 28),1913;II Accedit Abrahae bar Lipheh Interpretatio Officiorum (Scriptores Syri 29 &32), 1913 and 1953
* Didascalia Apostolorum: Syriac Version, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1929 (Oxford Reprints, 1970)
* The Liturgical Homilies of Narsai, translated into English with an Introduction. With an Appendix by Edmund Bishop (Texts and Studies, Vol. VIII, No.I, 1967)
# Norfolk damselfly

The Norfolk damselfly, Nofolk coenagrion or dark bluet (Coenagrion armatum) is a species of blue damselfly of the family Coenagrionidae native to Eurasia.

## Name

This species acquired its common name from its discovery in 1903 and its presence in a very restricted area of the Norfolk Broads, England.

## Identification

At first glance, this damselfly may resemble a blue-tailed damselfly or a red-eyed damselfly more than a typical Coenagrion species. Both sexes have a distinctive black abdomen with coloured segments at both the base and the tip. Males have very large appendages that distinguish them from similar species.

## Breeding

It breeds in ponds ditches and slow rivers with open helophyte vegetation and good water quality. It is very abundant in Northern and Eastern Europe.
Its breeding biology is poorly known. Eggs are laid in the stems and leaves of aquatic plants. The larvae live among aquatic plants and probably emerge after one year.

## Behaviour

It was recorded in Britain from late May to late July. The current populations in Western Europe fly earlier and peak in early May. Males perch on floating leaves. It is a strong-flying damselfly.

## Status and distribution

It is found from Northern and Eastern Europe eastward to Siberia and Mongolia in Asia. This damselfly was extirpated from its sites in the United Kingdom due to natural succession from open water to dry reedbeds. It was believed to be extirpated from the Netherlands in the twentieth century, but was rediscovered there in 1999.

### Status in Britain

The species was formerly recorded as a breeding species in Britain, in Norfolk. Records came from Sutton, Stalham, and Hickling Broads. It was last recorded in 1968. Since its current main range is from the Baltic area eastward, the likelihood of recolonisation in Britain seems low, and reintroduction may be needed.
# Sabina Imaikina

Sabina Ilgizarovna Imaikina (Russian: Сабина Ильгизаровна Имайкина; born 25 March 1993) is a Russian former pair skater. Competing with Andrei Novoselov, she won two silver medals on the 2008 ISU Junior Grand Prix series and qualified for the 2008–09 JGP Final, where they placed 5th. At the 2009 Russian Championships, the pair placed fifth on the senior level and took bronze on the junior level. They were coached by Valeri Tiukov and Valentina Tiukova in Perm. They parted ways at the end of the season.
Imaikina teamed up with Semen Stepanov in 2009 and finished 10th at the 2010 Russian Championships. In 2010, she partnered with Konstantin Bezmaternikh and finished 10th at the 2011 Russian Championships. In February 2011, they announced they would no longer skate together.

## Programs
### With Novoselov

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2008–2009 | The Dolphin and the Mermaid by Igor Nikolaev | Mask of Zorro by James Horner |

## Competitive highlights
### With Bezmaternikh

International :
| Event | 2010–11 |
| Winter Universiade | 4th |
| National ||
| Russian Championships | 10th |

### With Stepanov

| Event | 2009–10 |
| Russian Championships | 10th |

### With Novoselov

International :
| Event | 2007–08 | 2008–09 |
| JGP Final | | 5th |
| JGP Czech Republic | | 2nd |
| JGP United Kingdom | | 2nd |
| JGP United States | 7th | |
| National |||
| Russian Champ. | | 5th |
| Russian Junior Champ. | 8th | 3rd |
| JGP = Junior Grand Prix |||
# Biomedical model

The biomedical model of medicine care is the medical model used in most Western healthcare settings, and is built from the perception that a state of health is defined purely in the absence of illness.$^{:24,26}$ The biomedical model contrasts with sociological theories of care.$^{:1}$
Forms of the biomedical model have existed since before 400 BC, with Hippocrates advocating for physical etiologies of illness. Despite this, the model did not form the dominant view of health until the nineteenth century during the Scientific Revolution.$^{:25}$
Criticism of the model generally surrounds its perception that health is independent of the social environment in which it occurs, and can be defined one way across all populations. The model is also criticised for its view of the health system as socially and politically neutral, and not as a source of social and political power or as embedded into the structure of society.

## Features

In their book Society, Culture and Health: an Introduction to Sociology for Nurses, health sociologists Karen Willis and Shandell Elmer outline eight 'features' of the biomedical model's approach to illness and health:$^{:27–29}$
* doctrine of specific aetiology: that all illness and disease is attributable to a specific, physiological dysfunction
* body as a machine: that the body is formed of machinery to be fixed by medical doctors
* mind-body distinction: that the mind and body are separate entities that do not interrelate
* reductionism
* narrow definition of health: that a state of health is always the absence of a definable illness
* individualistic: that sources of ill health are always in the individual, and not the environment which health occurs
* treatment versus prevention: that the focus of health is on diagnosis and treatment of illness, not prevention
* treatment imperative: that medicine can 'fix the broken machinery' of ill-health
* neutral scientific process: that health care systems and agents of health are socially and culturally detached
# Gustav Sicher

Gustav Sicher (August 31, 1880 in Klatovy – October 5, 1960) was a chief rabbi of Prague.
Sicher was a student at the Vienna Rabbinical Seminary and also studied philosophy at Charles University under Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. He first held rabbinical office in 1905 in Náchod, and took part in Zionist organizations, participating in Mizrachi and founding an organization called the Sinai Association. During World War I, he served as a Feldrabbiner (chaplain) in the Austrian army. In 1921, he ran for office as a candidate of the Jewish Party (Židovská strana). He served as rabbi of the synagogue of Vinohrady in Prague from 1928 until he emigrated to Palestine in 1939. While in Palestine, he founded a synagogue for Czech Jews in Jerusalem. He was invited to be chief rabbi of Prague in 1945 and returned in 1947. Upon his death in 1960, Sicher was succeeded as chief rabbi of Prague by Richard Feder.
Sicher produced the first translation of the Torah into Czech, which he started in 1932-1939 with Isidor Hirsch and did not complete until 1950.
Gustav Sicher is buried at the New Jewish Cemetery in Prague, together with his wife, Elsa.

## Publications

* Volte život. Sborník z prací a úvah dr. Gustava Sichra. (lit. Choose Life) Praha : Rada židovských náboženských obcí v Praze, 1975. Collection of sermons, speeches and articles
* Rada židovských náboženských obcí (Council of Jewish Religious Communities), Jewish Studies: Essays in Honour of the Very Reverend Dr Gustav Sicher, Chief Rabbi of Prague (Prague, 1955)
# RD-0236

The RD-0236 (Russian: Ракетный Двигатель-0236, romanized: Raketnyy Dvigatel-0236, lit. 'Rocket Engine 0236', GRAU index: 15D114) is a vernier thruster engine for liquid-fueled rockets. It burns a hypergolic mixture of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) fuel with dinitrogen tetroxide (N$_2$O$_4$) oxidizer in a gas generator cycle. It is used along the RD-0235 main engine on the UTTKh second stage, which was featured in the UR-100N ICBM as well as the Strela and Rokot launch vehicles derived from it. Its function is to supply thrust vector control by gimbaling each of its four nozzles in a plane. While the engine is out of production, the ICBM as well as Strela remain operational as of 2015. The Rokot launch vehicle conducted its final launch before retirement in December 2019.
# Elena Artamendi

Elena Artamendi García (born 7 August 1939) is a Spanish gymnast. She competed in six events at the 1960 Summer Olympics.