OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pryanik

Pryanik (Russian: пряник , Ukrainian: пряник, Belarusian: пернік; Czech and Slovak: perník; Polish: piernik ; Croatian: paprenjak) refers to a range of traditional sweet-baked goods in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and some neighboring countries such as in Poland (Polish: piernik) and Lithuania (Lithuanian: meduolis). It is also a popular Czech and Slovak sweet.
Traditionally, pryaniks are made from flour and honey. While some Russian-English dictionaries translate pryanik as gingerbread, ginger is an optional pryanik ingredient, unlike honey. Sugar is often used instead of honey in industrial pryaniki production and modern home-cooking. Related to pryanik is kovrizhka (коврижка), known in western countries as a "fudge", sweet bread with similar ingredients.
The word pryanik is from Old East Slavic пьпьрянъ, an adjective from Old East Slavic пьпьрь 'pepper', which makes it etymologically similar or related to German Pfefferkuchen. In Germany, ginger was added to Christmas or Easter cookies – this is how the first gingerbread, or "lebkuchen", appeared. In France, the inventor of gingerbread is considered to be Gregory of Nikopol, who in 992 allegedly moved to this country from Armenia and taught the local monks this recipe.
# Irène Mélikoff

Irène Mélikoff (Azerbaijani: İren Məlikova; Russian: Ирен Меликофф; 7 November 1917 – 8 January 2009) was a Russian-born French Turkologist with Azerbaijani ancestry.

## Life

Mélikoff's ancestors had been major industrialists in Baku, but she was born in the Russian capital. The family fled revolutionary Russia soon after the Communist takeover within weeks of her birth, arriving in France in 1919, when she was just two. There she graduated in Oriental languages from Sorbonne University in Paris. She gained her doctorate there in 1957.
Mélikoff married Faruk Sayar, the son of the Turkish mathematician Salih Zeki Sayar, in 1940 and moved to Turkey in 1941 with her husband. Returning to France in 1948, she conducted research in the field of Turkology and wrote famous works. Her research has covered Turkey, the Balkans, Azerbaijan, Iran and Central Asia. She was the head of the faculty of Turkology and Iran at the University of Strasbourg. Mélikoff has been elected a member of many international scientific organizations, including well-known societies such as Asia Society and Ernest Renan Society.
She long headed the Turkic and Iranian Studies Institute at Strasbourg University and was one of the co-founders of Turcica magazine as well as chairwoman of the Turkic Development Group. She was the author of a number of publications on Turkic studies — particularly on Sufism, the Alevis and Bektashis in Turkey - and received more than ten prestigious awards for her contribution to Oriental studies. She was an honorary doctor at Baku State University.
Mélikoff was editor-in-chief of Turkika, the only Turkology magazine published in Western Europe, also visited Tabriz in Iran and collected rich material about her beloved Shah Ismail Khatai. The prominent scientist praised Azerbaijani literature and its prominent representatives, and expressed her admiration for MF Akhundov's work.
She died from a serious illness in January 2009 in Strasbourg.

## Relations with Azerbaijan

In an interview, she expressed her love for Azerbaijan and said that she first came into contact with Azerbaijan in 1968 while in Central Asia. At that time, she communicated with Azerbaijanis who came to the scientific conference. She also studied the history and literature of Azerbaijan.
After the Soviet Army's massacre in Baku on January 20, 1990, Melikoff rallied in Paris with many members of the Azerbaijani exile.

## Family

Her father was the Azerbaijani oil tycoon, merchant, intellectual and philanthropist Iskander bey Malikov, and her mother was the Russian ballerina Yevgenya Nikiferovna Mokshanova. In 1940, she married Farooq Sayar, the son of the Turkish mathematician Saleh Zaki Sayar. The marriage later ended in divorce. From this marriage, she had three daughters, Sonya, Ladin and Shirin Laura.
Following in her mother's footsteps, her daughter Shirin Malikova specialized in Azerbaijani literature and received a doctorate. In October 2019, she was awarded the Jubilee Medal of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan by the Permanent Representative of Azerbaijan to the Council of Europe.
# The Stronger Mind

The Stronger Mind is a 1915 American silent drama film directed by Joe De Grasse and featuring Lon Chaney, Murdock MacQuarrie and Pauline Bush. Chaney did not routinely work for the United production unit at Universal, and was obviously sent over as a one-time loan-out for this production. It is now considered to be a lost film. A still exists showing MacQuarrie and Chaney as the two bank robbers.
Like many American films of the time, The Stronger Mind was subject to cuts by city and state film censorship boards. For example, the Chicago Board of Censors in 1918 required cuts in Reel 1 of the burglar sandpapering his pal's fingers and of the burglars working on the safe.

## Plot

A Crook and his Pal are interrupted while trying to rob a bank and are forced to split up. Fearing capture, the Crook leaves town and hides out in a Western mining town. There he meets the Girl, who folks call the "Good Angel" because he devotes her life looking after the needs of others. The Crook disguises himself as a minister and, under the good influence of the Girl, decides to reform himself.
The Crook informs his Pal (Lon Chaney) of his decision to go straight, but the Pal comes into town and persuades his friend to rob the local bank (thus the title of the film referring to the Chaney character). Coincidentally, the Girl's father is employed at the bank as a night watchman. In the attempted robbery, the Crook's Pal is killed, and the Crook is redeemed by the Girl's love and decides to go straight.

## Cast

* Murdock MacQuarrie as A Crook
* Pauline Bush as The Girl
* Lon Chaney as The Crook's Pal

## Reception

"This is an engaging drama, produced well with several new twists to the old story. The scenes are characteristic in every instance, some of the Western exteriors are especially beautiful...Lon Chaney is effective as the master criminal." ---Motion Picture News
"A two-reel production which in its finished condition....promises to be unusually interesting. Pauline Bush plays the feminine lead, and as the woman whose courage and strength of purpose never failed her, she is beyond criticism. The story is of a man who was influenced by a bad companion to become a thief. He runs away eventually, and lands out west, where he tries to correct his methods of living. His former pal follows him, and the battle as to what the final result will be is won by the woman, whose mind is the stronger one." --- Moving Picture World
# Lunjiao Subdistrict

22°52′04″N 113°13′14″E﻿ / ﻿22.8677°N 113.2206°E﻿ / 22.8677; 113.2206
Lunjiao (simplified Chinese: 伦教街道; traditional Chinese: 倫教街道) is a sub-district in Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China. Situated in the eastern part of Shunde, it forms part of the city's urban zone. It has a resident population of 100,000 and a total area of 59 square kilometres (23 sq mi).
# Pakshadhara Mishra

Pakshadhara Mishra (also known by the alias Jayadeva) was a 15th-century Indian philosopher from the Mithila region and the founder of the Nyaya Shastra sampradaya in the tradition of Gaṅgeśa. He was a practitioner of the Nyaya Shashtra during the 15th century CE. He was a member at the court of King Bhairava Singh of the Oiniwar Dynasty in Mithila. Notable pupils of his pupils include Vasudeva Sarvabhauma and Raghunatha Siromani.
Among his most notable works is the Aloka which superseded all previous commentaries on the Tattvachintamani. The Aloka itself has been confidently dated to some time between 1465-75 A.D.

## Etymology

It is said that he once obtained victory in a debate that lasted a fortnight (Paksha), and after that he was referred to as Pakshadhara Mishra.

## Early life

Pakshadhara Mishra was born in a Maithil Brahmin family in the Mithila region of the Indian subcontinent. His father name was Vaṭeśvara Mahamahopadhyaya. He belonged to the Sarisav Pahi village of the Madhubani district in Bihar, India.

## Academy of Pakshadhara Mishra

The academy of Pakshadhara Mishra was a famous centre of learning Nyaya Shastra. It was located at Bhaur village in the Madhubani district of Bihar, India. It is nearby to his native village Sarisav Pahi. The eminent Naiyayikas Vasudeva Sarvabhauma and Raghunatha Shiromani studied Nyaya Shastra at the academy of Pakshadhara Mishra.

## Literary works

Pakshadhara Mishra wrote a text known as the Tattvanirṇaya. He also wrote the texts Dravya Padartha and Lilavati Viveka.
# BIPIB

The Belgian Interdisciplinary Platform for Industrial Biotechnology or BIPIB is a Belgian organization which consists of three working groups which come together on biomass supply, bioprocesses and bioproducts, bio-energy. It was founded by Els Van Weert, Flemish secretary for sustainable development and social economy. The BIPIB was given the mission to provide advice for a long-term strategy for developing industrial biotechnology in Belgium.
January 2009 update: The platform is not active and no recommendations were implemented.
# Valters Frīdenbergs

Valters Frīdenbergs (26 October 1987 – 17 October 2018) was a Latvian musician, singer and TV-presenter. He was best known for representing Latvia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 as part of Valters and Kaža duo with the song "The War Is Not Over", written by Mārtiņš Freimanis, finishing in fifth place with 153 points.
In 2009, Valters made a solo effort to represent Latvia with his song "For A Better Tomorrow" but failed to qualify from the semi-final.
Two years later he became the Latvian commentator of the Eurovision Song Contest succeeding Kārlis Streips. He filled this role until his illness and subsequent death. Valters was also Latvia's spokesperson at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012.
On 17 October 2018, it was announced that Valters Frīdenbergs had died of a two-year long battle with cancer.
# Basaimi

Basaimi is a village located in the Ludhiana West tehsil, of Ludhiana district, Punjab.

## Administration

The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).
| Particulars | Total | Male | Female |
| Total No. of Houses | 132 | | |
| Population | 603 | 318 | 285 |
| Child (0–6) | 102 | 48 | 54 |
| Schedule Caste | 156 | 84 | 72 |
| Schedule Tribe | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Literacy | 67.66 % | 73.70 % | 60.61 % |
| Total Workers | 283 | 198 | 85 |
| Main Worker | 251 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal Worker | 32 | 13 | 19 |

## Cast

The village constitutes 25.87% of Schedule Caste and the village doesn't have any Schedule Tribe population.

## Air travel connectivity

The closest airport to the village is Sahnewal Airport.
# Carol A. Beier

Carol Ann Beier (born September 27, 1958) is a former justice of the Kansas Supreme Court appointed by Governor Kathleen Sebelius. She took office September 5, 2003, to replace retiring Justice Bob Abbott. She retired from the court on September 18, 2020.

## Education

She earned a Bachelor of Science in Journalism at the University of Kansas in 1981. Beier later went on to obtain a Juris Doctor at KU in 1985 and a Master of Laws, at University of Virginia School of Law in 2004. Justice Beier currently resides in Topeka with her husband Richard W. Green.

## Legal career

After earning her bachelor's, Beier spent two years working for the Kansas City Times. Upon obtaining her Juris Doctor she served as a law clerk to then Judge James Kenneth Logan of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.
She started her career as a Staff Attorney in Litigation and Legislation Practice at the National Women's Law Center through the Women's Rights and Public Policy fellowship program of the Georgetown University Law Center. After finishing the fellowship she entered private practice focusing on white collar criminal defense for Arent, Fox, Kintner, Plotkin & Kahn in Washington, D.C., from 1987 to 1988. She came back to Kansas in 1988 and practiced litigation concentrating on commercial disputes and health care law at Foulston & Siefkin L.L.P. in Wichita eventually becoming a partner at the firm.

## Judicial career

In 2000 Beier was appointed to the Kansas Court of Appeals where she served until being named to the Kansas Supreme Court to replace retiring Justice Bob Abbott in 2003. In 2004 she retained her seat with 702,423 (76.4%) for her and 215,948 (23.5%) opposed. In June 2020, Beier announced her retirement from the Kansas Supreme Court, effective September 18, 2020.

## Memberships

Beier is a member of the American Bar Association, American Judicature Society, American Bar Foundation, National Association of Women Judges, Kansas Bar Association, D.C. Bar, Kansas Women Attorneys Association, the Wichita and Topeka Bar Associations, and the Institute of Judicial Administration at New York University School of Law.

## Personal life

Beier was born September 27, 1958, in Kansas City, Kansas.
# George Cruickshank (Australian politician)

George Alexander Cruickshank (1 February 1853 – 12 April 1904) was an Australian politician. Born near Dubbo, New South Wales, he attended Collegiate School in Bathurst, and was a grazier in northern New South Wales from 1878. In 1889 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Inverell, a position he held until 1898. In the first federal election in 1901, Cruickshank was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as a Protectionist, representing the seat of Gwydir. He retired in 1903, and died in 1904.
# Borivska Andriyivka

Borivs'ka Andriyivka (Ukrainian: Борівська Андріївка; Russian: Боровская Андреевка) is a village in Izium Raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at about 125.3 kilometres (77.9 mi) south-east from the centre of Kharkiv city.
The village came under attack by Russian forces in 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and was regained by Ukrainian forces in the beginning of October the same year.
# Seamless branching

Seamless branching is a space-saving mechanism used on Blu-ray Discs and, rarely, DVDs, to allow multiple versions of a film to be stored on a disc without storing redundant scenes several times.
One example is the Signature Edition DVD of The Iron Giant, where the user can select between the original theatrical version and an extended version. The two versions differ only in a few scenes. The DVD player is instructed to play the film normally except for these scenes, then jump to the appropriate scene as selected by the user before the commencement of the film, and then jump back to play the rest of the film. The disc is authored in a way which allows the joins to be invisible, hence the term seamless. (An example of a non-seamless branched title is the DVD version of The Lion King). Larger scale examples of the same technique are seen in the 2000 Ultimate Edition DVD of Terminator 2: Judgment Day, the 2007 DVD rerelease of Blade Runner, the Platinum and Diamond Edition DVDs of Beauty and the Beast, and the 4K Ultra HD version of Conan the Barbarian, in which three different cuts of the films are playable from the same discs.
Another possible use of seamless branching is for the localisation (translation) of on-screen visible text. The Star Wars DVDs with their opening crawl are a prime example. Normally, only the audio track of films is translated into other languages, but when text central to the plot is visible on-screen, the scene may be created once for every language, and the DVD player can be instructed to select the appropriate version of the scene depending on the user's language preference. However, for this purpose a technique called multi-angle is used more often.
# Anabel Martínez

Anabel Martínez Castillo (born 26 June 1992) is a Spanish football defender, currently playing for Alzira.

## Career

Martínez started playing football at the age of 11 with friends in Llombai. By the age of 12, she had joined Levante. At club level, Martínez has represented Levante, Mislata and Alzira. At international level, she was the captain of the Spain under-17 team in the 2009 U-17 European Championship.
Martínez most often operates as a centre-back but does sometimes play as a left-back.
# Staf Van Reet

Staf Van Reet is a Belgian scientist and businessman. Currently he is Managing Director of the biotech company Viziphar Biosciences BVBA, and member of the Board of Directors of Janssen Pharmaceutica and the VIB. He was succeeded as Chairman of FlandersBio by Johan Cardoen.

## Education

He obtained a degree of engineering in applied biological sciences and a PhD in agricultural sciences from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Leuven, Belgium) and a law degree from the University of Antwerp (Antwerp, Belgium).

## Career

In 1972, he started his career at Janssen Pharmaceutica, as a scientist in the Department of Theoretical Medicinal Chemistry. After a year he moved to the Department of Patents and Pharmacochemical Data Processing of Janssen Pharmaceutica, and he headed the department from 1977 until 1989. Since 1987 continued his career as General Manager of Janssen Biotech, Chairman of the Management Board of the Janssen Research Foundation (JRF) and from 1991 until 1999 as President of the Janssen Research Foundation and Managing Director of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. Until he retired, he was responsible for corporate venturing activities in Europe for Johnson & Johnson. In 2007 he founded Movetis together with Remi Van den Broeck, Dirk Reyn and Jan Schuurkes.

## Sources

* Staf Van Reet
* Europe's researchers ready for entrepreneurism
* This business-related Belgian biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Bernardino Honorati

Bernardino Honorati (1724–1807) was an Italian Catholic bishop and cardinal.

## Biography

Bernardino Honorati was born in Iesi on July 17, 1724, the son of Marquis Giuseppe Honorati, a patrician from Iesi, and Marianna Cima, a noblewoman from Rimini.
He was educated at Rome. In February 1744, he delivered an oration before Pope Benedict XIV and the College of Cardinals upon the occasion of the Feast of the Chair of Saint Peter; this oration was later published. During this period, he served as a consistorial advocate, and then spent four years as secretary of the Dean of the Roman Rota. He entered the papal household on December 23, 1746, becoming a chamberlain of honor. In 1747, he served as a papal legate to take the red hat to the new Cardinal de Soubise. He received a doctorate of both laws from the Sapienza University of Rome on February 10, 1749.
On July 10, 1749, he was appointed Referendary of the Apostolic Signatura. He became relator of the Sacred Congregation of Good Government on November 26, 1750. He served as vice-legate of Romagna from January 13, 1755, to October 1756. In September 1756, he was named relator of the Sacred Consulta, taking possession of the office upon his return to Rome. He then served as governor of Loreto from January 28, 1758, until December 19, 1759.
He was ordained as a priest on December 31, 1759. On January 28, 1760, he was elected titular archbishop of Side; he was consecrated as a bishop by Giovanni Antonio Bacchettoni, Bishop of Locato and Recanati.
On April 24, 1760, Pope Clement XIII made Honorati Apostolic Nuncio to Florence. On November 20, 1766, he became nuncio in Venice. He returned to Rome after he was appointed secretary of the Secretary of the Sacred Congregation of Bishops and Regulars on September 1, 1775.
In the consistory of June 23, 1777, Pope Pius VI named him a cardinal, and he received the red hat on June 26, 1777, and the titular church of Santi Marcellino e Pietro al Laterano on July 28, 1777.
He was translated to the See of Senigallia on July 28, 1777, but was allowed to retain the title of archbishop. He celebrated a diocesan synod in May 1791.
He participated in the papal conclave of 1799–1800 that elected Pope Pius VII.
He died in Senigallia on August 12, 1807.
# Bogdanovich (town)

56°46′49″N 62°02′58″E﻿ / ﻿56.7803°N 62.0494°E﻿ / 56.7803; 62.0494
Bogdanovich (Russian: Богданович) is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Kunara River (right tributary of the Pyshma), 99 kilometers (62 mi) east of Yekaterinburg. Population: 30,670 (2010 Census); 32,856 (2002 Census); 35,983 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

It was founded in 1883–1885 as a settlement around the Bogdanovich railway station, which opened in 1885. Town status was granted in 1947.

## Sports

The bandy team Fakel plays in the 2nd highest division of the Russian Bandy League. Their home arena has a capacity of 3,000.
# Trondos

Coop Trondheim og Omegn BA or Trondos is the largest consumer cooperative part of Coop NKL in Norway. The cooperative operates 50 stores and has more than 100,000 members with operation in Trondheim Municipality, Malvik Municipality, Melhus Municipality, Skaun Municipality, and Stjørdal Municipality.
The company operates two Coop Obs!, five Coop Mega, two Coop S-Nærkjøp, one Coop Byggmix and 22 Coop Prix as well as one Domus Interiør, one Coop Obs! Sport and two YX Energi fuel stations. It also owns the shopping centres City Lade and City Syd.

## History

Trondos was founded on January 1, 1970 when seven cooperatives around Trondheim merged with the name Trondheim og Omegn Samvirkelag. But the first store was founded in 1895 in Hommelvik.