OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gabriele Bischoff

Gabriele Bischoff (born 4 January 1961) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who is serving as a Member of the European Parliament.

## Early life and education

Bischoff graduated from König-Heinrich-Gymnasium in Fritzlar in 1980. She then began studying political science and American studies at the University of Marburg, then moved to the Free University of Berlin, where she graduated with a diploma in political science.

## Career

From 1991 until 2000, Bischoff worked at Germany's largest trade union, IG Metall, on gender equality issues. In that capacity, she represented IG Metall in the relevant working groups of the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC).
From 2000 to 2005, Bischoff worked as an advisor on social affairs at the Permanent Representation of Germany to the EU in Brussels before moving to the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS) in Berlin as special advisor from 2006 to 2008.
From 2008 Bischoff worked for the German Trade Union Confederation (DGB) in Berlin, where she led the trade union's work on European policies. In that capacity, she was a member of the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) in Brussels from 2009 until 2019. During her tenure, she served as president of the employees' group from 2015.

## Political career

Bischoff has been a Member of the European Parliament since the 2019 European elections. She has since been serving on the Committee on Constitutional Affairs and the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs. She is also a member of the Working Group on the Conference on the Future of Europe.
In addition to her committee assignments, Bischoff is part of the Parliament's delegation for relations with Mercosur. She is also a member of the Spinelli Group the European Parliament Intergroup on Trade Unions and the European Parliament Intergroup on LGBT Rights.
In the negotiations to form a so-called traffic light coalition of the SPD, the Green Party and the Free Democratic Party (FDP) following the 2021 federal elections, Bischoff was part of her party's delegation in the working group on European affairs, co-chaired by Udo Bullmann, Franziska Brantner and Nicola Beer.
Since 2021, Bischoff has been serving as vice-chair of the S&D Group, under the leadership of chairwoman Iratxe García.
In the negotiations to form a coalition government between the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and the SPD under the leadership of Kai Wegner following Berlin’s 2023 state elections, Bischoff was part of her party’s delegation to the working group on European affairs.

## Other activities

* German Cyclist’s Association (ADFC)
# Tatsuru Saito

Tatsuru Saito (born 8 March 2002) is a Japanese judoka who won the 2022 All-Japan Judo Championships.

## Personal life

Saito is the son of Olympic champion Hitoshi Saito.
# Francis H. Rankin Jr.

Francis H. Rankin Jr. (December 28, 1854 – December 7, 1925) was a Michigan politician and publisher.

## Early life

On December 28, 1854, Rankin was born in Flint, Michigan to Arabella and Francis H. Rankin Sr. He was educated by attending the ward schools until the age of thirteen when he went to work for his father's newspaper, the Wolverine Citizen. He was a co-owner of the paper with his father in 1881. On October 21 of that same year, Rankin married Caroline Pierce, daughter of Silas Pierce.

## Political life

In 1881, he was appointed to fill the vacancy in the office of Treasurer of the City of Flint under Mayor Charles A. Mason and serving another full term under Mayor George E. Newell. Rankin was elected as the Mayor of City of Flint in 1891 for a single 1-year term. Additional he was Secretary of the Republican County Committee for six years.

## Post-political life

He served in a few organization as officers with the Genesee County Agricultural Society as secretary and with the Flint Gentleman's Driving Club as Vice President On December 7, 1925 in Flint, Michigan, Rankin died and was later buried in Glenwood Cemetery, Flint, Michigan.
Political offices :
| Preceded byWilliam A. Paterson | Mayor of Flint 1891-92 | Succeeded byGeorge E. Taylor |
| Preceded byJared Van Vleet | Treasurer of Flint 1881-83 | Succeeded byJonathan Palmer |
# Oak Springs, Arizona

Oak Springs (Navajo: Teeł Chʼínítʼiʼ) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Apache County, Arizona, United States. The population was 63 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Oak Springs is located along Indian Route 12, about 10 miles (16 km) north of Interstate 40 and 13 miles (21 km) south of St. Michaels.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.19 square miles (0.48 km$^2$), all land.

## Education

Oak Springs is within the Window Rock Unified School District. Window Rock High School is the local high school.
Two nearby Bureau of Indian Education (BIE)-operated schools take students from Oak Springs: Cove Day School and Red Rock Day School.
# Ensemble for the celebration of the Eucharist

The Metropolitan Museum of Art possesses a collection of items used for the celebration of the Eucharist. The ensemble, which includes a paten, a chalice, and a straw, is currently on display at The Cloisters.

## Description

In Catholicism, the Eucharist is a liturgical rite that is performed as a holy sacrament. In the course of the ceremony, bread and wine are consecrated and considered changed in substance into the body and blood of Christ and are then consumed by the participants. The ceremony is considered of great importance, and thus special items are made exclusively for use during the sacrament. These items are commonly made of valuable materials such as gold or silver, earthly elements strongly associated with Christ. The principal items used are a plate (called a paten) and a chalice; the paten holds the communion bread, while the chalice holds the wine.

### Paten

The paten in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art dates to the late 13th century. The piece was likely made for the monastery of Saint Trudpert in Southern Germany. Made from gilded silver, the plate depicts four figures arranged in a four-pointed cross centered around a golden disc. At the top of the cross, Christ is depicted holding a chalice. On the sides of the cross, two figures from the Old Testament flank Christ; the priest-king Melchizedek to Christ's left, Abel to his right. Saint Trudpert is seen at the bottom of the cross, indicating that the pattern was made for the monks of Saint Trudpert.

### Chalice

The MET possess in its collection a chalice from Medieval Germany; as with the pattern it is displayed with, the chalice is likely from the monastery of Saint Trudpert in Germany. The chalice, done in silver, gold, and niello, is intricately detailed and adorned with jewels. The chalice's relief metalwork depicts scenes from scenes from the New Testament and the Twelve Apostles.

### Straw

The third item in the ensemble is a straw, also known as a fistula or calamus, used to sip the wine held by the chalice. Historically, a straw was needed to ensure that none of the consecrated wine was spilled during the Eucharist. Made from gilded silver, the straw features an intricate, vine-like grip made from silver and studded with gems.
* The paten, made from gilded silver.
* The chalice, made from gilded silver studded with jewels.
* The strawl, made from gilded silver.
# Frauenbad Stadthausquai

Frauenbad Stadthausquai is a public bath in Zürich, Switzerland, forming part of the historical Seeuferanlage promenades that were built between 1881 and 1887. Situated at the Stadthausquai by the Bürkliplatz plaza, the bath was built for, and is still exclusively used by women (Frauenbad means "bath for women").

## Geography

The small river bath is situated at Bürkliplatz below the Quaibrücke, just south of the artificial Bauschänzli island, in the Limmat. Road transport on Stadthausquai towards Münsterhof is limited; the next tram stop is at Bürkliplatz or Münsterbrücke, opposite of the upper Limmatquai towards Bellevueplatz.

## History and description

Zürich's government decided in 1837 to build a public bath for women, so that "they are no longer forced to bath at night in the fountains" and to protect them from the eyes of men. The former structure at the Bauschänzli was replaced in 1888 by the nostalgic Laubsägeli (literally: fretsaw) bath, named for its oriental curved corner turrets. The interior was covered in the early years with a braided roof as a sun shade. Moored on the river Limmat, the small wooden bath is well arranged and is open only to women, except for special events. In the 34 metres (112 ft) pool is a non-swimming section. Free swimming in the Limmat is prohibited.

## Cultural Heritage

The structure is listed in the Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance as a Class A object of national importance.
# Henry S. Elliott

Henry S. Elliott (March 26, 1858 – April 22, 1942) was an American attorney and politician who served as the United States Commissioner for the Western District of Washington as a Democrat.

## Life

Henry S. Elliott was born on March 26, 1858, to Charlotte Stuart and Stephen Elliott Jr., future Confederate Brigadier General. He graduated from Columbia University and was admitted to the bar in 1879. In 1885 he married Helen Elkhart and later had three children with her.
In 1882 he moved to Wyoming and served as prosecuting attorney of Johnson County for two terms and as mayor of Buffalo for one term. In 1889 he was selected as one of the Democratic delegates to the Wyoming constitutional convention to draft its constitution to be submitted for statehood and served as temporary chairman. In 1891 he left Wyoming and moved to Centralia, Washington, and later moved to Seattle in 1910.
On April 13, 1923, he was appointed as United States Commissioner for the Western District of Washington, Northern Divisions and served until March 26, 1942. On April 22, 1942, he died in Seattle, Washington.
# Hidden Springs, Idaho

Hidden Springs is a master-planned community in the Dry Creek Valley in Ada County, Idaho, United States. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined the community as a census-designated place (CDP). Its population was 2,280 as of the 2010 census.

## Description

The community manages more than 800 acres (320 ha) of permanently preserved open space and its own wastewater treatment facility.
Architecture is primarily in a neo-traditional style, with many homes having garages accessible through rear alleys. The result is a neighborhood that is generally more pedestrian-friendly than the typical suburban subdivision.

## Education

The area is in Boise School District. Hidden Springs Elementary School is located within the neighborhood.
In addition to that elementary school, Hidden Springs is zoned to Hillside Junior High School and Boise High School.
# Lucky Bastard Club

The Lucky Bastard Club was an informal grouping of World War II European bomber crew members from the Eighth Air Force who completed a tour of duty. The members are the pilots that flew out on a mission to the enemy base and successfully struck their targets and returned to base in spite of the presence of anti-aircraft weapons and enemy fighters. Pilots were also considered "lucky" because of their managing to get back to base with an undamaged plane. They often received certificates, a flyover through the base, and an honorary dinner for the crew. Membership gave crews credit for the work they did in the air. They were treated with high respect by their fellow peers and military cohorts. Club members were allowed special spots in mess halls.
Some forty thousand airmen died by the end of World War II, or one in three crewmen. A World War II bomber crew member's life expectancy was fifteen missions. At the beginning of the war, twenty-five missions was considered a full tour of duty, but once pilots became more efficient and effective in air combat, the standard increased to thirty-five missions.
# Behnam Seraj

Behnam Seraj (Persian: بهنام سراج; born June 19, 1971) is a retired Iranian football player and manager. He previously played for the Iran national football team. He was one of the most successful strikers in the Iran Pro League.

## Honours
### Persepolis

* Iranian Football League (2):1998–99, 1999–00
* Hazfi Cup (1): 1998–99
# Institute for Christian Democratic Politics

The Institut pro křesťansko-demokratickou politiku, z. ú. (IKDP; Institute for Christian Democratic Politics) is a Czech political party think-tank associated with Christian-democratic KDU-ČSL. The foundation's headquarters are located in Palác Charitas in Prague, headquarters of the party.

## Establishment and mission

It was established in 2015 by leadership of KDU-ČSL. Its goal is to promote Christian democratic values.

## International Council members

* Jan Sokol
* Petr Pithart
* Georg Milbradt
* Jerzy Buzek
* Iveta Radičová
# Institute for Social and Economic Analyses

The Institute for Social and Economic Analyses (ISEA, Czech: Institut pro sociální a ekonomické analýzy) is a Prague-based think tank established in 2002. Its members' research covers subjects related mainly to the recent social and economic transformation of the Czech Republic. These include education, competitiveness, public finance, pension system reform, income inequality, tax issues of research and development, political systems and political corruption.
The policy institute's motto is Diagnosis and Dialogue while the institute claims to strive to achieve a consensus among experts and the Czech political representation. The institute has been actively involved in lobbying the Czech Parliament regarding tax issues related to European Union funds available for research.
ISEA has obtained grants mainly from the Open Society Fund in Prague, the Czech government via the Czech Science Foundation and from other sources such as Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. The institute is associated with the Global Development Network. In 2007, the institute founder, sociologist Petr Matějů, was named a Fulbright New Century Scholar.

## Books

* Matějů, Petr, Ondřej Schneider a Jiří Večerník (eds.). Proč tak těžko? Praha: Institut pro ekonomické a sociální analýzy, 2003. ISBN 80-903316-0-2
* Matějů, Petr a Jana Straková (eds.). Vyšší vzdělání jen pro elitu? Rozsah a zdroje nerovností v přístupu k vyššímu vzdělání v České republice. Praha: Institut pro ekonomické a sociální analýzy, 2003. ISBN 80-903316-1-0
* Matějů, Petr a Jana Straková (eds.). Na cestě ke znalostní společnosti. Kde jsme--? Kritická analýza současné situace. Vol. 1. Praha: Institut pro ekonomické a sociální analýzy, 2005. ISBN 80-903316-2-9
* Smith, Michael L. Občané v politice: studie k participativní a přímé demokracii ve střední Evropě. Praha: Institut pro sociální a ekonomické studie, 2009. ISBN 978-80-903316-5-5
* Smith, Michael L. Přímá demokracie v praxi: Politika místních referend v České republice. Praha: Institut pro sociální a ekonomické studie, 2007. ISBN 978-80-7330-117-0
* Smith, Michael L (ed.). Vnímání a realita korupce: Nové výzkumy, metody a postupy. Praha: Institut pro sociální a ekonomické studie, 2009. ISBN 978-80-903316-4-8
# Lupinus bingenensis

Lupinus bingenensis, common name bingen lupine or Suksdorf's lupine, is a plant species native to the US states of Washington, Idaho, Montana and Oregon as well as from British Columbia. Lupinus grows well in mountainous regions. The name honors the city of Bingen, in Klickitat County, Washington.
Lupinus bingenensis is a perennial herb up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall, most of the shoots covered with silky hairs. Each leaf has 9-15 leaflets, oblanceolate with pointed tips, both sides green though with whitish hairs on both sides. Flowers are blue to lavender, borne in racemes up to 20 cm (8 inches) long.
Several varietal names have been proposed, only two of which are widely recognized at present:
Lupinus bingenensis var. bingenensis
Lupinus bingenensis var. subsaccatus Suksd.
# Wallace R. Wirths

Wallace Richard Wirths (July 7, 1921 – July 6, 2002), was an American executive, politician, author, newspaper columnist and radio commentator, who was a benefactor of Upsala College in East Orange, New Jersey.

## Biography

Born in Englewood, New Jersey on July 7, 1921, Wirths attended Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania and served in the United States Navy during peacetime. In 1957, Wirths moved to Wantage Township, in Sussex County, in northwestern New Jersey where he became active in local politics. The author of three books, Wirths wrote a column for The New Jersey Herald and was a frequent conservative radio commentator, with his segment "Wally Wirths Candidly Speaking" on WSUS. He was a public relations executive with Westinghouse Corporation until his retirement in 1979.

### Donation to Upsala College

Wirths donated his family's 229-acre farm in Wantage Township to Upsala College in East Orange in 1978 for usage as a second campus. Upsala did not erect any buildings on the property; the only building was a former barn that Wirths converted to offices and a lecture hall. Approximately 300 students were enrolled on the campus in 1992. Declining enrollment and financial difficulties forced the college to close in 1995. The Wirths family bought back the land from the college for $75,000 during the college's bankruptcy and liquidation process.
Wirths received an honorary doctor of law degree from Upsala College.

### Personal life

Wirths died on July 6, 2002 from complications of a stroke he suffered in 1996. He was buried in Clove Cemetery in Wantage.
One of Wirths' four adopted sons is New Jersey politician Hal Wirths, who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 2018 to 2024 and was the commissioner of the New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development from 2010 to 2016.

## Works

* 1985: Democracy: Panacea or Pandemonium
* 1993: Democracy-- The Myth, the Reality: A Primer on the True Nature of Our Democratic Republic
* 1996: The Human Race Stinks: Perspectives of an Iconoclast
# Civilization (disambiguation)

A civilization or civilisation is a complex society.
Civilization(s) or Civilisation(s) may also refer to these media:

## Film and television

* Civilization (film), a 1916 pacifist drama
* Civilisation (TV series), a 1969 BBC art history docuseries
** Civilisations (TV series), a 2018 BBC/PBS sequel
* "Civilization" (Star Trek: Enterprise), a 2001 sci-fi episode
* Civilization: Is the West History?, a 2011 docuseries by Channel 4

## Games

* Civilization (1980 board game), by Francis Tresham
* Civilization (series), video games by Sid Meier
** Civilization (video game), 1991
** Civilization (2002 board game), by Glenn Drover
** Civilization: The Card Game, 2006
** Civilization (2010 board game), by Kevin Wilson
** Civilization: A New Dawn, a 2017 board game by James Kniffen

## Literature

* Civilization (novel), a 1994 novel by Paul Quarrington
* Civilization: How We All Became American, a 2017 book by Régis Debray
* Civilizations (novel), a 2019 novel by Laurent Binet

## Music

* Civilization (album), 2004, by Front Line Assembly
* Civilisation, by Kero Kero Bonito
** Civilisation I', 2019
** Civilisation II , 2021
* "Civilization" (1947 song), by Carl Sigman
* "Civilization" (Justice song), 2011
# Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area

The Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area is a Canadian river delta wetland and Wildlife Management Area near Creston in south-central British Columbia, on the floodplain of the Kootenay River at the south end of Kootenay Lake. Predominantly marshland, it was classified as a wetland of international importance on February 21, 1994, and is also a globally significant Important Bird Area. It is one of the "few significant agricultural areas of the province", and is in the Montane Cordillera. It stretches north along Kootenay Lake for approximately 20 km, and south to the United States border. It is both the only breeding site of the Forster's tern and the only site with leopard frogs in the province, as well as one of the few Canadian habitats for the Coeur D'Alene salamander. Creston Valley provides staging and nesting areas for migratory birds on the Pacific Flyway.
It covers an area of approximately 69.0 km$^2$ of provincial Crown land. The wetland also contains the 15 km$^2$ Duck Lake and 17 marshes. To the east are the Purcell Mountains and to the west the Selkirk Mountains.
The area is managed by the Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area to prevent invasive species from establishing themselves in the wetland, particularly targeting cattails or reed canary grass. This is done by periodically drawing down the water level of the marshes. According to Brian Stushnoff, the area's manager, a strategy exists "to rehabilitate areas that get choked with vegetation, drying them up and then ploughing up the ground to get rid of the seed bank that develops over time." This also ensures broad biodiversity by preventing one plant species from dominating the region.

## Wildlife Interpretation Centre

The Wildlife Interpretation Centre is located 11 kilometers west of Creston off Hwy 3 and is open from May to October. The Centre features natural history displays, a hands-on science lab, viewing towers and a gift shop. Environmental educational programs and events are offered for schools, groups and visitors, including guided walks and canoe tours.

## History

The Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area was established in 1968, and acquired its mandate via the Creston Valley Wildlife Act. This followed nearly 26 years of persistence by conservationists, biologists and nearby residents who wished to protect Duck Lake and its adjoining wetland habitats. Subsequently, with assistance from BC Hydro and Ducks Unlimited, a system of dykes and other control structures were built to manage water levels in Duck Lake, and hence the wetlands, reducing the impact of yearly drought and flood cycles.
Archaeological evidence indicates that First Nations have lived in the area for thousands of years. The area is the traditional territory of the Ktunaxa people.