OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saay

SAAY (Korean: 쎄이; born April 13, 1993) is a South Korean singer-songwriter and model, best known for being a member of the girl group EvoL and for her solo career. She debuted with EvoL in 2012 under Stardom Entertainment and transitioned into a solo artist in 2017 following the group's disbandment in 2015.

## Early life and career

SAAY was born in Busan, South Korea. She initially gained attention as a member of EvoL, a K-pop girl group formed by Stardom Entertainment. The group debuted with the mini-album Let Me Explode in 2012, where SAAY played a key role as the leader and main vocalist. After EvoL disbanded in 2015, SAAY pursued a solo career, releasing her first single, "Circle," in July 2017.
SAAY is known for her distinctive mix of K-pop, R&B, and hip-hop influences. Her vocal style is often described as versatile, capable of conveying deep emotions. Critics have highlighted her ability to blend genres, with some comparing her to other successful solo artists in the K-pop scene.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* CLAASSIC (2018) – SAAY's debut studio album, showcasing a mix of contemporary pop, R&B, and hip-hop elements. The album's title track "The Zone" and "Circle" were well-received for their mature sound and emotional depth.

### Extended plays

* RollerCoaster (2023) – This EP featured two tracks that solidified SAAY's place in the K-pop solo scene. Critics praised her musical progression.
* DOMINO (2024) – A comeback project marking her return after a short hiatus, featuring a new experimental sound.

### Singles

* "Circle" (2017) – SAAY's debut single that introduced her solo career, combining elements of R&B and K-pop.
* "THE ZONE" (2018) – A follow-up to "Circle," praised for its bold fusion of R&B and modern pop elements.
* "ZGZG" (2019) – Known for its experimental sound, this single saw SAAY exploring new musical territory.
* "Winter" (2020) – A seasonal ballad that highlighted SAAY's vocal range.
* "Don't Know" (2020) – A collaboration with other artists, further diversifying her musical style.
# Bear's Rib

Bear's Rib (Sioux name Matȟó Čhuthúhu) was a Húŋkpapȟa Lakota chief from the late 19th century who advocated for peace with the United States.
# Anna M. Quider

Anna Marie Quider is an American astronomer and science lobbyist. Formerly the Assistant Vice President for Federal Relations at Northern Illinois University, she remains affiliated with Northern Illinois University as a senior research fellow, and heads the consulting firm The Quider Group. She also chairs the Forum on Physics and Society of the American Physical Society.

## Education and career

Quider is from Buffalo, New York, where her father was a local politician and her mother taught special education. She went to Grand Island Senior High School (New York) and was an undergraduate at the University of Pittsburgh, graduating in 2007 with a double major in religious studies and history and philosophy of science. As an undergraduate, she was the inaugural recipient of the Chambliss Astronomy Achievement Student Award of the American Astronomical Society. She earned a Ph.D. in astronomy from the University of Cambridge, as a Marshall Scholar there. Her dissertation, High redshift star-forming galaxies in absorption and emission, was supervised by Max Pettini.
She writes that "About halfway through [graduate school] I realized I didn’t want the traditional academic career". Instead, she became an American Physical Society Congressional Science Fellow, working with Missouri representative Russ Carnahan. She became federal relations director at Northern Illinois University in 2014.

## Recognition

Quider was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2021, after a nomination from the APS Forum on Physics and Society, "for stellar leadership in science policy and advocacy, and for promoting and mentoring early-career physicists".
In 2022, the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities gave her their Jennifer Poulakidas Outstanding Achievement Award, and the National Institute for Lobbying & Ethics named her as one of 100 Top Lobbyists for the year.
# List of ambassadors of Norway to China

The List of diplomats of Norway to China began when diplomatic relations were established in 1851. The establishment of diplomatic relations took place during the union between Sweden and Norway, and a Norwegian-Swedish consulate general was established in Guangzhou. A vice consulate was set up in Shanghai in 1853. When the vice consulate in Shanghai became the consulate general in 1863, and the consulate general in Guangzhou was upgraded to a vice consulate.
When the union of Norway and Sweden was ended in 1905, Norway sent the consul-general, Thorvald Hansen, to Shanghai. And there was a vice consulate, Jørgen Jacob Eitzen, in Hong Kong.
The Norwegian legation in Beijing was established in 1919. It was merged with the consulate general in Shanghai in 1930 (after the Nationalist Government moved to Nanjing in 1928) and remained until 1954. And there was an embassy in Chongqing from 1943 to 1945 during the war time.

## List of ministers

* Johan Wilhelm Michelet (1921–1928, Beijing)
* Nicolai Aall (1928–1938)
* Terje Knudtzon (1938–1943)

## List of ambassadors

* Alf Hassel (1943–1945, Chongqing)
* Nicolai Aall (1945–1949)
* Finn Koren (1949–1954)
The Republic of China ended foreign relationship with Norway in 1950.
The People's Republic of China established foreign relationship with Norway at October 5, 1954.
* Nicolai Geelmuyden (1954–1955)
* Ernest Krogh-Hansen (1955–1959)
* Erik Dons (1959–1963)
* Helge Akre (1963–1967)
* Ole Ålgård (1967–1971)
* Per Galby Ravne (1971–197?)
* Torleiv Anda (197?–1979)
* Tancred Ibsen, Jr. (1979–1982)
* Arne Arnesen (1982–1987)
* Jan Tore Holvik (1987–1994)
* Sverre Bergh Johansen (1994–1999)
* Haakon Baardsøn Hjelde (1999–2003)
* Tor Christian Hildan (2003–2007)
* Svein Ole Sæther (2007–2017)
* Geir Otto Pedersen (2017–2018)
* Signe Brudeset (2019–2024)
* Vebjørn Dysvik (2024–present)
# Roumieh Prison

Roumieh prison (Arabic: سجن رومية) is the largest and most notorious prison in Lebanon, located in Roumieh, Matn district. It was designed to hold 1,050 inmates, though as of 2017 is extremely overcrowded and at about 300% capacity; this represents nearly half the prisoners in Lebanon. Roumieh Prison holds convicted prisoners and prisoners on remand. It holds juveniles, women and men, all in separate sections.

## History

Roumieh prison was built in late 1960s, and was inaugurated in 1970 to host 1,500 prisoners.
Although regarded as one of the best correctional facilities in Lebanon, Roumieh prison still lacks the minimum requirements to meet United Nations standards.
On April 7, 2011, a mutiny erupted in a wing of the prison and prisoners armed with makeshift knives held five prison guards as hostages. Security officials stated that the initial protest was fueled by both the unfair imprisonment of a detainee found innocent by the Lebanese justice as well as the poor conditions of detention. The mutiny was contained after security forces reached a compromise with the detainees.
On January 12, 2015, Lebanese security forces stormed the building designated to Islamist prisoners in Roumieh prison, where clashes occurred between the two parties. According to the Ministry of Interior statement, the prisoners rioted and set fires in protest against the security measures implemented by the security guards.
# Parcel

Parcel may refer to:
* Parcel (consignment), an individual consignment of cargo for shipment
* Parcel (package), sent through the mail or package delivery
* Bilu Rakkhosh or Parcel, a 2019 Indian Bengali-language film
* The Parcel, a 2020 Indian Bengali-language film
* Parcels (band), Australian modern soul band formed in 2014
* Fluid parcel, a concept in fluid dynamics
* Land lot, a piece of land
* Placer (geography), parcel in Portuguese, a type of submerged bank or reef
* an object used in the game Pass the parcel
# NuTonomy

NuTonomy (stylized as nuTonomy) was an MIT spin-off technology startup company that made software to build self-driving cars and autonomous mobile robots. The company was founded in 2013. In August 2016, it launched its robo-taxi service (pilot project) in Singapore. In October 2017, Delphi Automotive (now Aptiv) purchased the company, which then became part of the Motional autonomous driving joint venture between Aptiv and Hyundai Motor Group.

## History

NuTonomy began testing its software on cars in early 2016. One of the cars used to test its software included Mitsubishi i-MiEV. The product is still in research and development phase.
In August 2016, it launched its autonomous taxi service using a fleet of 6 modified Renault Zoes and Mitsubishi i-MiEVs.
NuTonomy later signed three significant partnerships to develop its technology and service: with Grab, with Groupe PSA, which is supposed to provide the company with Peugeot 3008 SUVs, and the last one with Lyft to launch a Robo-Taxi service in Boston.
In October 2017, Delphi Automotive (now Aptiv) purchased the company.

## Technology

NuTonomy-fitted cars use "formal logic" to decide motion, maneuverability, and speed. The software guides a car on how to plan its motion through an environment.
# George Lazenby Reynolds

George Lazenby Reynolds, Jr. (August 18, 1927 – November 3, 1991) was the ninth bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee, serving from 1985 to 1991. He was the first bishop to serve the remnant diocese, encompassing the middle third of the state, after the separations of the Diocese of West Tennessee and the Diocese of East Tennessee from the original statewide judicatory, in 1983 and 1985, respectively. He maintained offices in Nashville, as the Tennessee diocese continues to do to this day.

## Biography

Reynolds was born in Opelika, Alabama on August 18, 1927. He graduated from Sewanee: The University of the South. He also graduated from Virginia Theological Seminary with a masters of divinity in 1954. He also acquired a Ph.D. degree from New York University in 1970.

## Ordination

Reynolds was ordained deacon on July 1, 1954 in Otey Memorial Parish Church by Theodore N. Barth, Bishop of Tennessee, and a priest a year later. He served as rector of St. Stephen's Church in Edina, Minnesota from 1976 until 1985. Prior to this he served parishes in Pennsylvania and Ohio and was chaplain to Sewanee Military Academy, a preparatory school for boys located near the University of the South. He was employed by the Christian Education department of the Episcopal Church Center for six years.

## Bishop

On January 26, 1985, Reynolds was elected Bishop of Tennessee, succeeding William E. Sanders, who opted to assume the episcopate in the new East Tennessee diocese (Sanders had worked there for many years prior). Reynolds was consecrated bishop on June 15, 1985 by Presiding Bishop John Allin in the All Saints Chapel of the University of the South. He died while in office on November 3, 1991.
In May 2023, George Lazenby Reynolds III son of the late bishop, released a complete six-volume set of sermons spanning the 40 years of sermons of his father's work.
# Makoto Kozuru

Makoto Kozuru (Japanese:小鶴 誠, Kozuro Makoto, December 17, 1922 — June 2, 2003) was a Japanese professional baseball player who played in both the Japanese Baseball League and Nippon Professional Baseball. He was the MVP of the Central League in 1950, and was inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1980. His nickname was "The Japanese DiMaggio."
Kozuru played as an outfielder and infielder. He holds the Japanese baseball record for most RBIs in a single season with 161 in 1950. That same year he also hit 51 home runs, becoming the first Japanese player to break the 50-homer mark in a single season.
Kozuru made his professional debut at age 19 with Nagoya-gun (the team that eventually became known as the Chunichi Dragons). After two years with the club, he spent 1944 and 1945 in the Japanese navy. Kozuru returned to his original team for the 1946 and 1947 seasons, and then spent one season each with the Kyuei Flyers and Daiei Stars in 1948 and 1949. He hit .361 in 1949, leading the league in hitting and earning Best Nine Award honors.
Joining the Shochiku Robins in 1950 (the first year of Nippon Professional Baseball), Kozuru had a season for the ages, hitting .355, and leading the Central League in home runs with 51, RBI with a still-league record 161, and runs scored with 143. He led the Robins to the inaugural Japan Series, which they lost to the Mainichi Orions, 4 games to 2. (Kozuru was 4 for 23 in the Series, with no home runs.
The Robins merged with the Taiyo Whales following the 1952 season and Kozuru joined the Hiroshima Carp for the balance of his career. A herniated disk in his back curtailed his production and he ended up retiring in 1958 at the age of 35.
# Generic you

In English grammar, the personal pronoun you can often be used in the place of one, the singular impersonal pronoun, in colloquial speech.

## In English

The generic you is primarily a colloquial substitute for one. For instance,
    "Brushing one's teeth is healthy"
can be expressed less formally as
    "Brushing your teeth is healthy."

## Generic pronouns in other languages
### Germanic

In German, the informal second-person singular personal pronoun du ("you")—just like in English—is sometimes used in the same sense as the indefinite pronoun man ("one").
In Norwegian, Swedish and Danish, these are also du and man.
In Dutch the informal second-person singular personal pronoun je ("you")—just like in English—is frequently used in the same sense as the indefinite pronoun men ("one").

### Slavic

In Russian, the second person is used for some impersonal constructions. Sometimes with the second-person singular pronoun ты, but often in the pronoun-dropped form. An example is the proverb за двумя зайцами погонишься, ни одного не поймаешь with the literal meaning "if you chase after two hares, you will not catch even one", or figuratively, "a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush".

### Uralic

In Finnish, the second-person pronoun sinä can sometimes be generic, but this use is only recommended in spoken or otherwise informal language. Other constructs are more neutral, such as a verb without a pronoun and in the third person (zero person) or in the passive ("fourth person"), somewhat similar to one in English. The second person is popular largely due to the influence of English. A similar formation, though without the pronoun sinä and therefore only with the second-person possessive suffix -si, can be encountered in some dialects.

### Arabic

In Darija (Arabic as spoken in the Maghreb), there are two distinct singular second-person pronouns, one masculine (used when addressing a man) and one feminine (used when addressing a woman); but when used as generic pronouns, the speaker uses the pronoun with the gender corresponding to their own gender, rather than that of the person they are addressing.

### Japonic

In Japanese, the sentence structure may be adjusted to make the patient of an action, or even the action itself, the topic of a sentence, thus avoiding the use of a pronoun altogether.
# Porter Peak (Alaska)

Porter Peak is a 4,839-foot (1,475 m) mountain summit in Alaska.

## Description

Porter Peak is set in the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains. It is located 17 miles (27 km) north-northeast of Petersburg on land managed by Tongass National Forest. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant as the mountain rises up from tidewater of Thomas Bay in less than two miles (3.2 km). The mountain's name was reported by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1964 and the toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names. Thomas Bay is named after Charles Mitchell Thomas who mapped this area in 1887 and named many of the surrounding mountains after prominent US Naval officers. He named nearby Foote Peak after Andrew Hull Foote, Jenkins Peak he named after Thornton A. Jenkins, Preble Peak for George Henry Preble, Bainbridge Peak after William Bainbridge, and Rodman Peak for Hugh Rodman. David Dixon Porter (1813–1891) was a US Navy admiral.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Porter Peak is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Coast Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below 0 °F with wind chill factors below −20 °F. This climate supports a small unnamed glacier on the mountain's north slope.
# Katherine Weare

Katherine Weare (born 1950) is a Professor of Education at the University of Southampton, England.
She was educated at the Grey Coat Hospital, Westminster, the University of Kent at Canterbury, Goldsmiths College, University of London and the Institute of Education, University of London. She began her career as a teacher of English and Drama in secondary schools, and moved into higher education at the age of 25. She has researched and written extensively on mental health, emotional wellbeing, emotional and social learning.
In the 1980s she was a key player in the development of the Healthy School/Health Promoting School movement under the umbrella of the World Health Organization and the European Union. In the 1990s she worked for the World Health Organization in Eastern and Central Europe and Russia to develop work on social, emotional and health education in schools. She has helped various national and international agencies to develop their education and mental health services, including working with the European Union to develop work on preventing anxiety and depression in children and young people, and in creating an international database of effective mental health programmes for Europe.
Since the year 2000 she has advised the English government Department for Children, Schools and Families on policy in the area of social and emotional learning (SEAL). Her report to the DCSF What Works in Promoting Children's Emotional and Social Competence was a significant catalyst in the development of the English programme "Primary SEAL", a comprehensive approach to helping children develop their social and emotional skills, which can now be found in at least half the primary schools in England. She went on to be a key contributor to the writing and development of a parallel programme in secondary schools, "Secondary SEAL".
She is an honorary member of the Society of Public Health Medicine, and a board member of the international network INTERCAMHS (International alliance for child and mental health in schools).
She is editor of the journal Health Education, published by Emerald Group Publishing, and on the editorial board of several mental health journals.

## Recent works

* Developing the Emotionally Literate School. Sage, 2004.
* Promoting Mental, Emotional and Social Health – a whole school approach. Routledge. 2000.
# Lalith Mohan

Lalith Mohan (born 19 March 1990) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Andhra. He made his Twenty20 debut on 11 January 2021, for Andhra in the 2020–21 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. He made his List A debut on 8 March 2021, for Andhra in the 2020–21 Vijay Hazare Trophy.
# Dogtown

Dogtown or Dog Town may refer to:

## Entertainment

* Dogtown (film), a 1997 film
* Dogtown: Death and Enchantment in a New England Ghost Town, a 2009 book by Elyssa East
* "Dogtown" (The Simpsons), a 2017 season episode
* DogTown, a National Geographic Channel series
* Dogtown, a 2006 television show, starring Geraldine McNulty
* "Dogtown", a song by Harry Chapin from the album Heads & Tales (1972)
* "Dogtown", a song by Yoko Ono, first released on the album Season of Glass
* "Dogtown", a song by The Fratellis from the album Eyes Wide, Tongue Tied (2015)
* Dogtown Records, a record label established by musician Byard Lancaster, active in the 1970s

## Places

* Dogtown, California (disambiguation), the name or nickname of several places in California
* Dog Town, California
* Dogtown, El Dorado County, California
* Dogtown, Marin County, California
* Dogtown, Mariposa County, California
* Dogtown, San Joaquin County, California
* Dogtown, Tulare County, California
* Dogtown, DeKalb County, Alabama, an unincorporated community in DeKalb County
* Dogtown, Walker County, Alabama, an unincorporated community in Walker County
* Dogtown, Florida, a community in Gadsden County, Florida
* Dogtown, Massachusetts, a ghost town
* Dogtown, Mississippi, a ghost town in Lafayette County, Mississippi
* Dogtown, St. Louis, Missouri, Irish section comprising several neighborhoods in Missouri
* Dogtown, Clayton/Tamm, St. Louis, a neighborhood in the above
* Dogtown, former name of Okanagan Falls, British Columbia

## Other uses

* Dog town, a colloquial name for a colony of prairie dogs
# Ra Patera

Ra Patera is an extraterrestrial volcano located on Io, one of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter. An active volcano, it was first studied in 1979 via Voyager stereo imagery to determine its geology, topography, and the source of its eruptions. When first discovered, the mountain reached about one kilometer in height and featured numerous lava flows of either low viscosity or "high eruption rates". It is possibly a liquid sulfur-erupting volcano.
# Jan van Cauwelaert

Jan van Cauwelaert, C.I.C.M. (12 April 1914 – 18 August 2016) was a Belgian-Congolese bishop of the Roman Catholic Church. Upon his death at the age of 102, he was one of the oldest bishops in the Church, the oldest European-born bishop and the final living one to have been consecrated by Cardinal Jozef-Ernest van Roey.
Van Cauwelaert was born in Antwerp, Belgium in April 1914 as the youngest son of politician Frans Van Cauwelaert, and was ordained a priest on 6 August 1939 with the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, a Roman Catholic religious institute. On 6 January 1954 he was appointed Apostolic Vicar of the Inongo Diocese in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Titular Bishop of Metropolis in Asia. He was consecrated on 25 March 1954, and was appointed Bishop of Inongo Diocese on 10 November 1959. He resigned from the governance of that see on 12 June 1967 and was transferred to the titular see of Uccula. When the title of Bishop Emeritus came into use, he resigned on 12 October 1976 from his titular see, becoming Bishop Emeritus of Inongo.
# Helen L. McNitt State Park

Helen L. McNitt State Park is a 134-acre (0.54 km$^2$) state park located in the town of Cazenovia in Madison County, New York. The park is adjacent to Cazenovia Lake. Although it remained largely undeveloped since its donation to the state by the McNitt family in 1999, plans to improve lake access and facilities were approved in 2015.

## History

The land comprising Helen L. McNitt State Park was donated by its former owners, the McNitt family, to the State of New York in 1999 with the intention that it be used as a public park. After the state assumed ownership, it remained largely undeveloped, with the exception of a small parking lot built in 2008. Plans to improve access to the lake, including the installation of a dock, building a canoe/kayak launch, and installing boardwalks and pathways, were approved by the Cazenovia Town Board in early 2015. By the end of that year, the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation announced that $90,000 in improvements would be made at the park based on the town-approved plan, with construction planned to begin in spring 2016.

## Description

The 134-acre (54 ha) park is recognized as the largest parcel of undeveloped property on Cazenovia Lake. It includes 1,300 feet (400 m) of shoreline along the lake, and is a popular spot for ice fishing access during the winter.