OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joseph Wamps

Bernard-Joseph Wamps (30 November 1689, Lille - 9 August 1744, Lille) was a French painter; mostly of religious subjects.

## Biography

His father was listed in the "Registre aux Bourgeois" and he received his first lessons in his hometown from Arnould de Vuez. Later, he studied porcelain painting at the local manufactory and went to Paris, where he worked in the studios of Pierre-Jacques Cazes. Around 1706, he painted his first major work: "Saint John Preaching in the Wilderness", commissioned by the Lancry family.
In 1715, he was awarded the Prix de Rome of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture with his rendering of Judith beheading Holofernes, and received a pension to study at the French Academy in Rome, where he spent five years.
After returning in 1720, he received numerous commissions from religious institutions and created decorations for the Governor's residence. He worked throughout the area, painting murals and other works at churches and convents in Douai, Cambrai, Arras, Tournai, Ghent and Valenciennes. Eventually, he acquired enough money to purchase the home of his former teacher, Vuez.
The loom-worker Guillaume Werniers produced a series of tapestries on the life of Christ, after drawings by Wamps. These were installed in the choir room of the "Église Saint-Sauveur". Most were later moved to museums, but one went to the "Église Saint Pierre d'Antioche" in Villeneuve-d'Ascq.
His paintings for Anchin Abbey were destroyed during World War II and are now preserved only as sketches. Other major works include "The Dream of Saint Joseph" and "The Resurrection of Christ" at the Hospice Comtesse and "The Judgment of David" at the Palais des beaux-arts de Lille.
# Gopaldas Shankarlal Agrawal

Gopaldas Shankarlal Agrawal was a member of the 13th Maharashtra Legislative Assembly. He represented the Gondiya Assembly constituency and is a member of the Indian National Congress.
He joined Bharatiya Janata Party ahead of 2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election. He rejoined Congress in 2024 before the Maharashtra polls and his departure from BJP is seen as a huge blow to the party's influence in the Vidarbha region.
# Keith W. Perkins

Keith W. Perkins was a professor of Church History and Doctrine at Brigham Young University (BYU). He has written widely on the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in the period when it was headquartered at Kirtland, Ohio. Perkins has written articles on figures in the recording of the history of the LDS Church, such as Andrew Jenson, whose work as a historian was the subject of Perkins' masters' thesis. His thesis was cited in Charles T. Morrissey's article "We Call it Oral History", which moved the accepted time of the origin of the term back from the late-1940s to the mid-1860s.
Perkins was born in Phoenix, Arizona. He has a BA in History Education from Arizona State University and an MA and PhD from BYU in Church History and Doctrine. He was seminary principal at the LDS seminary adjacent to Granite High School in Salt Lake County, Utah, and then instructor at the Tempe Institute of Religion (adjacent to the campus of Arizona State University) before joining the BYU faculty in 1975. During the mid-1980s, as chair of the department of Church History and Doctrine, Perkins developed the idea for special symposium to be held in various locations related to church history. This was the beginning of the various publications in the LDS Church History in place x series, with New England, New York and Pennsylvania, Ohio, Missouri, Illinois, the Pacific, and the United Kingdom having been some of the places featured over the years in the series. He has also written articles on subjects such as the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible.
Among other works, Perkins compiled with Milton V. Backman Jr. Journals, Diaries, Biographies, Autobiographies and Letters of Some Early Mormons and Others Who Knew Joseph Smith, Jr. and/or His Contemporaries. With LaMar C. Barrett and Donald Q. Cannon, he edited the book Sacred Places: Ohio and Illinois, published by Deseret Book in 2001. Perkins was also a co-author with Bruce A. Van Orden, David J. Whittaker, Truman G. Madsen, John W. Welch and James P. Bell of the book Book of Mormon Scholars. Perkins compiled a book entitled Marriage is Ordained of God, which was a collection of talks on the subject by general authorities of the LDS Church.
Perkins and his wife, Vella Crowther, are the parents of four children. Perkins is a member of the LDS Church and has worked with Ezra Taft Benson, Gordon B. Hinckley and Thomas S. Monson in developing the church's visitors center and other properties and programs in Kirtland, Ohio. Among other callings in the LDS Church, Perkins has served as a bishop and a stake president.
# Mel Shaw (racing driver)

Melvin D. Shaw (September 22, 1946 – July 2, 2017) was an American racing driver. Shaw raced in various series and races such as the 24 Hours of Daytona. Shaw died in a crash at Brainerd International Raceway.
Shaw and his wife were residents of Voorhees Township, New Jersey.

## Career

Shaw started racing in 1968. In 1971 he made his IMSA GT Championship debut. Sharing his Chevrolet Corvette with Cress Taylor the duo finished 18th overall at Virginia International Raceway, second in the GTO class. During the same season, Shaw also competed at Summit Point Raceway in a Datsun 240Z. With teammate Larry Weaver the team again finished in 18th place.
A regular in the SCCA GT1 class, Shaw made a single SCCA National Championship Runoffs start. In 1983, at Road Atlanta Shaw qualified 14th, but failed to finish.
After a hiatus in racing, Shaw made his debut in the Grand-Am Cup. In a Pontiac Firebird the team finished 30th at Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca.
In 2016 Shaw raced in the Clarington 200, the 2016 NASCAR Pinty's Series season opener at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park. Shaw participated in a Chevrolet entered by Canada's Best Racing Team. He retired early in the race.

### Trans-Am

Shaw made his Trans-Am Series debut in 2011. Shaw competed in the inaugural TA2 class season in 2011. He competed the full season in the TA2 class in Chevrolet Camaro. During 2012, 2013 and 2014 despite scoring numerous top ten finishes, Shaw failed to enter the top five. The point finishes meant Shaw ended in seventh place in the championship in 2014. The New Jersey–based driver stepped into the TA3-A class for 2015. In the fourth round of the championship, at Lime Rock Park, he scored his first podium finish placing third. He again placed third at NOLA Motorsports Park. Solid point finishes placed him third in the final standings, behind champion Ernie Francis Jr. and runner-up Todd Napieralski. In 2016 Shaw missed the last two races of the season, placing eighth in the series championship.
His 2017 Trans-Am season was cut short by a deadly crash. Shaw was competing at Brainerd International Raceway in a regional SCCA GT2 class race. On July 2, during the race, Shaw failed to slow down for turn 3. Shaw hit a concrete barrier head-on and was killed on site by the impact.
# Turkmenistan at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics

Turkmenistan competed at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics from August 27 to September 4 in Daegu, South Korea. A team of 2 athletes was announced to represent the country in the event.

## Results
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Preliminaries | Preliminaries | Heats | Heats | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time Width Height | Rank | Time Width Height | Rank | Time Width Height | Rank | Time Width Height | Rank |
| Amanmurad Hommadov | Hammer throw | 62.97 | 35 | | | | | Did not advance | Did not advance |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Preliminaries | Preliminaries | Heats | Heats | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time Width Height | Rank | Time Width Height | Rank | Time Width Height | Rank | Time Width Height | Rank |
| Maysa Rejepova | 100 metres | 13.43 (PB) | 27 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# Minister of Correctional Services (South Africa)

The minister of correctional services (formerly the minister of prisons) is a minister in the Cabinet of South Africa. The minister is responsible for overseeing the Department of Correctional Services. The office was re-established in June 2024; between May 2014 and June 2024, the correctional services portfolio was the purview of the minister of justice and correctional services.

## History

Before 1990, correctional services were administered by the minister of justice; a separate department and ministerial portfolio were established only after extensive prison reforms were announced in 1990, under the cabinet of F.W. de Klerk. Before 1994 the minister was called the minister of prisons, and in 1994 he became the minister of correctional services.
Announcing his second cabinet in May 2014, President Jacob Zuma merged the correctional services portfolio with the justice portfolio, creating the minister of justice and correctional services. On 30 June 2024, the merger was reversed when President Cyril Ramaphosa appointed a separate minister of correctional services, Pieter Groenewald, in his third cabinet.

## List of ministers

List of ministers responsible for prisons, 1991–present :
| Portfolio | Minister | Term | Term | Party | President |
| Prisons | Adriaan Vlok | 1991 | 1994 | NP | De Klerk |
| Correctional Services | Sipo Mzimela | 1994 | 1998 | IFP | Mandela |
| Correctional Services | Ben Skosana | 1998 | 2004 | IFP | Mandela Mbeki |
| Correctional Services | Ngconde Balfour | 2004 | 2009 | ANC | Mbeki Motlanthe |
| Correctional Services | Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula | 2009 | 2012 | ANC | Zuma |
| Correctional Services | S'bu Ndebele | 2012 | 2014 | ANC | Zuma |
| Justice and Correctional Services | Michael Masutha | 2014 | 2019 | ANC | Zuma (II) Ramaphosa (I) |
| Justice and Correctional Services | Ronald Lamola | 2019 | 2024 | ANC | Ramaphosa (II) |
| Correctional Services | Pieter Groenewald | 2024 | – | FF+ | Cyril Ramaphosa (III) |
# Baja blue rock lizard

The Baja blue rock lizard (Petrosaurus thalassinus) is a species of large, diurnal phrynosomatid lizard.

## Description

It reaches up to 45 cm (18 in) long including the tail, and has a flattened body with small, smooth, granular scales and slightly keeled scales near the tail. The head is bluish with red to orange colors around the eyes, yellow neck with blue spots and streaks. The back of the tail is gray blue with darker cross bars. The coloration intensifies during the breeding season in both sexes.

## Behavior

It prefers temperatures in excess of 90 °F and basks in direct sunlight on desert rocks. A very wary species, its flattened body allows it to quickly retreat into rock crevices to escape predators as well as inclement weather conditions. When threatened, it can extend a skin flap along its throat. Like many lizards, it is able to drop its tail when caught.

## Diet

It feeds on various insects, small lizards, blossoms, leaves, seeds, and small fruit. Occasional incidents of cannibalism on smaller individuals have been observed.

## Taxonomy

Two subspecies are recognized within P. thalassinus; P. t. thalassinus inhabits the Cape region, and P. t. repens ranges north of the isthmus of La Paz. P. t. repens differs by having a thin, black, postorbital stripe; one row of scales between the nasal and the supralabials as opposed to two, and reaching a maximum snout-to-vent length of 111 mm as opposed to 162 mm. Genetic studies indicate all populations within P. thalassinus, including the two subspecies, show only low levels of genetic divergence, indicative of high rates of gene flow. In contrast, P. thalassinus is strongly differentiated from its sister species P. mearnsi.

## Life history

Breeding takes place in the spring. 20 to 30 eggs are laid in late spring and summer, and hatchlings appear after 85 to 88 days in summer and early fall. Sexual maturity is reached after about 2 years with a life expectancy of 20 years.

## Habitat

Petrosaurus thalassinus is most often found in the immediate vicinity of rocky canyons, boulder-strewn hillsides and arroyo bottoms and sea-side cliffs. These lizards appear to be particularly common on rocks near large trees or other vegetation, and rarely seen in areas where vegetation is non-existent.

## Geographic range

It is found in the Sierra la Laguna (and its associated ranges) and Sierra la Trinidad of the Cape region of Baja California Sur, as well as on Islas Espiritu Santo and Partida Sur in the Gulf. Elevational distribution from sea level to 2,020 meters in the Sierra la Laguna.

## Conservation

This species is locally abundant and occurs on several protected islands. It is currently in no need of special protection. However, its small range may make it vulnerable to disturbance.
# Opisthodactylus

Opisthodactylus is an extinct genus of rheiform bird from the Early to Middle Miocene Santa Cruz and Chichinales Formations and the Late Miocene (Montehermosan) Andalhuala Formation of Argentina. Three species are described: the type species, O. patagonicus, O. kirchneri and O. horacioperezi. The species O. kirchneri was described in 2017 by Noriega et al. Fossils of O. horacioperezi were found together with fossils of Patagorhacos terrificus.
# Kondorhaphe kiyokoae

Kondoraphe kiyokoae is a species of tropical land snail with gills and an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Neocyclotidae. This species is endemic to Micronesia.
# Contest competition

In ecology, contest competition refers to a situation where available resources, such as food and mates, are utilized only by one or a few individuals, thus preventing development or reproduction of other individuals. It refers to a hypothetical situation in which several individuals stage a contest for which one eventually emerges victorious. Contest competition is the opposite of scramble competition, a situation in which available resources are shared equally among individuals.
As contest competition allows the monopolization of resources, offspring will typically always be produced and survive until adulthood independent of the population size, resulting in stable population dynamics. This is in stark contrast to scramble competition which can result in periodic or chaotic population dynamics. The Beverton–Holt model is often used to represent population dynamics arising from contest competition. This model, and a few other well-known population models, can be explicitly derived from individual-level processes assuming contest competition and a random distribution of individuals among resources.
Contest competition has been observed in a variety of species. In white-faced monkeys, Cebus capucinus, regardless of aggression, avoidance, or sex, higher ranking monkeys had higher energy intake within their group. For female Microcebus murinus groups, if the resource (fruit) could be monopolized, they would compete within their group for it. In a controlled lab experiment with three parasitic wasp species (Dinarmus basalis, Anisopteromalus calandrae, and Heterospilus prosopidis) they found that between the first larvae in the host and the second, the larvae that would win depended on the time between them. There was also a Nicholson–Bailey model made to partially explain the relationship between Heterospilus prosopidis and its host Callosobruchus maculatus.
Fitness gains for the winner of the contest is not always known. For example, in mountain gorillas, Gorilla beringei, higher ranking females had higher average food-site resident times and higher aggression and avoidance while eating than lower ranking females. Higher ranking females have higher reproductive success, but both energy intake and the energy needed for travel to the food site do not differ among ranks.
Other research in contest competition focus on what aspects are relevant for contest resolution. In a study looking at aerial wars of attrition in territorial insects, they found that the energy Cuterebra austeni got from their resources before adulthood played a role in who won. Some species have obvious gains when they win, but no morphological and/or physiological tell to determine who would win. This is the case with several species of butterflies where males hold a contest over territory. However, a study in 2010 that staged contests between male Pararge aegeria found motivation to be a factor. The more time a male spent with a female, the more persistent they were, which increased the likelihood of the male to win the contest over the previous male holding dominance over the territory.
# John Haycraft

John Stacpoole Haycraft CBE (11 December 1926 – 23 May 1996) was an English language teacher and author who founded the International House World Organisation, which has shaped the evolution of the profession of English language teaching (ELT).

## Early life

He was born on 11 December 1926 in Quetta, British India. He was the son of William Church Stacpoole Haycraft (1891–1929), who was a British officer in the colonial Indian army. He was the grandson of John Berry Haycraft and nephew of Sir Thomas Haycraft. His mother was Olive Lillian Esmée (1901–1978). He had one younger brother, Colin Berry Haycraft (1929–1994). His father died when he was still young, killed by one of his soldiers.
His mother supported her family on a small army pension and worked as a tennis player.

## Education

He studied at Wellington, in Berkshire, where he showed his natural leadership qualities and became head boy. Later with his brother they came back to Britain, where they both studied at Oxford University – John matriculated from Jesus College in 1948 and obtained a second-class degree in modern history in 1951. Colin Haycraft became an editor and married Ann Margaret Lindholm, a writer and essayist.
After a postgraduate course at Yale, he was a tourist guide in Toledo and gave private English lessons.

## International House World Organisation

The main creation of John Haycraft is International House World Organisation. It was started by John and his wife Brita Haycraft in Córdoba in 1953. A fervent internationalist, John strove to promote international understanding through language learning and teacher training. They were teaching and writing there from 1953 until 1959. This period he described in his autobiographical book Babel in Spain (1965).
In 1959 he returned to London. There he worked with his wife on his ideas such as raising the standards of the teaching of English and the practical training of teachers for the classroom. He wanted to set up intensive teacher-training courses to prepare people for multi-lingual classes.
In 1974 they set up a non-profit-making educational trust committed to raising the standards of English language teaching and training worldwide. International House Trust trades today as International House London.
He retired from International House in 1990. After that he decided start a project with the financier George Soros in order to establish schools in Central and Eastern Europe.
When he died on 23 May 1996, he left behind a network of 100 schools that grew from the first school in Córdoba in Spain to cover 40 countries.
He was appointed a Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II in 1982.

## Works

* Babel in Spain, 1958. Republished in Spanish, 2007
* Babel in London, 1965.
* Autobiography of a Language Traveller, 1998.
* Getting On In English
* George and Elvira
* Choosing Your English
* Action
* Introduction To English Language Teaching
* Think, Then Speak
* Italian Labyrinth
* In Search Of The French Revolution
* Where Was I?
# Tina Wiseman

Tina Wiseman (September 26, 1965 – February 20, 2005), also known as Tina Leiu, was an American actress.
Wiseman was born in Honolulu, Hawaii and is best known as the host of the Cinemax television series Hotel Erotica and films such as Kickboxing Academy, Chained Heat 3: Hell Mountain, Dark Confessions and Hey DJ.
Wiseman was also an accomplished singer. Her song "To The Club" was released in 2004 and quickly topped dance charts worldwide, and was in magazines as the club track of the year. She also performed additional songs with Spankox like "Telekinetic", "Storm Track", "Best Trouble" and "Island Girl" for the Hey DJ movie soundtrack, and afterwards the single "Anime Girl". She also inspired Jon 'Neverdie' Jacobs (later her fiancée) to make the song "Gamer Chick" and her avatar 'Island Girl' was seen in that video.
Wiseman died in the Bahamas on February 20, 2005, from pulmonary edema due to influenza. Her death inspired the developers of the game Entropia Universe to create 'Memorial Island', a virtual monument was placed on the island.
# Dhofaria

Dhofaria is a monotypic genus of grasshoppers in the family Pamphagidae and tribe Thrinchini, erected by George Popov in 1985. It contains the single species Dhofaria splendens (Popov, 1980) (previously placed in the occupied genus Omania Horváth, 1915 - Hemiptera: Omaniidae), recorded from Oman and the United Arab Emirates.
# Front Line (song)

"Front Line" is a 1983 release written and produced by American R&B singer and songwriter Stevie Wonder, off his greatest hits compilation Stevie Wonder's Original Musiquarium I (1982).

## Critical reception

Robert Palmer of the New York Times described Front Line as "a starkly economical, eloquently anguished portrait of a Vietnam veteran's bitterness and dead-end fatalism, and an exciting mixture of guitar rock in a Cream/Hendrix vein with springy funk."

## Personnel

* Stevie Wonder: vocals, keyboards, drums
* Benjamin Bridges: electric guitar
* Nathan Watts: bass

## Charts

| Chart (1983) | Peak position |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 94 |
# Ardo Smaragdus

Ardo Smaragdus (died March 843 AD) was a hagiographer. He entered the monastery of Aniane in Hérault as a boy, probably as an oblate, and was brought up by Benedict of Aniane. He was ordained a priest and made head of the monastery school.
In 794, he accompanied Benedict to the Council of Frankfurt. and in 814, he replaced Benedict as abbot after the latter joined the imperial court at Aix-la-Chapelle.
Smaragdus wrote a life of Benedict in 822, one of the most reliable hagiological productions of that period. He himself was honored as a saint at his monastery after his death.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint John, New Brunswick

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint John, New Brunswick (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Ioannis Canadensis) (erected 30 September 1842, as the Diocese of Saint John in America) is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Moncton. It was renamed on 15 November 1924.

## Bishops
### Ordinaries

* William Dollard (1842–1851)
* Thomas Louis Connolly, O.F.M.Cap. (1852–1859), appointed Archbishop of Halifax, Nova Scotia
* John Sweeny (1859–1901)
* Timothy Casey (1901–1912), appointed Archbishop of Vancouver, British Columbia
* Edward Alfred Le Blanc (1912–1935)
* Patrick Albert Bray, C.I.M. (1936–1953)
* Alfred Bertram Leverman (1953–1968)
* Joseph Neil MacNeil (1969–1973), appointed Archbishop of Edmonton, Alberta
* Arthur Joseph Gilbert (1974–1986)
* Joseph Edward Troy (1986–1997)
* Joseph Faber MacDonald, C.S.C. (1998–2006)
* Martin William Currie (2006–2007)
* Robert Harris (2007–2019)
* Christian Riesbeck, CC (2019-)

### Coadjutor bishops

* Timothy Casey (1899–1901)
* Joseph Edward Troy (1984–1986)

### Other priest of this diocese who became bishop

* William Mark Duke, appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Vancouver, British Columbia in 1928

## Territorial losses

| Year | Along with | To form |
| 1860 | | Diocese of Chatham |
| 1936 | Diocese of Chatham | Archdiocese of Moncton |