OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Mathews (American politician)

James Mathews (June 4, 1805 – March 30, 1887) was an American lawyer and politician who was a two-term member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio from 1841 to 1845.

## Early life and career

Matthews was born at Liberty, Trumbull County, Ohio. After studying law he was admitted to the Ohio Bar in 1830. He then moved to Coshocton, Ohio, where he practiced law. From 1832 to 1837 Mathews was a member of the Ohio Senate.

## Congress

In 1841 he was elected a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio's 13th congressional district which then covered Knox County, Ohio, Coshocton County, Ohio, Holmes County, Ohio and Tuscarawas County, Ohio.
In 1842 Mathews was re-elected from Ohio's 16th congressional district which only differed from the old 13th in that it did not include Knox County. In 1844 Mathews did not run for re-election.

## Later life

In 1855 Mathews moved to Knoxville, Marion County, Iowa. From 1857 to 1859 he served as prosecuting attorney for this county. He also latter served as a professor of pomology at Iowa State College (now Iowa State University) and Knoxville's postmaster.

## Sources

* Congressional biography
* Parsons, Stanley B., William W. Beach and Dan Hermann. United States Congressional Districts, 1788-1841. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1978.
* Parsons, Stanley B., William W. Beach and Michael J. Dubin. United States Congressional Districts and Data, 1843-1883. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1986.
Offices and distinctions :
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded byDaniel Parkhurst Leadbetter
United States Representative from Ohio's 13th congressional district March 4, 1841–March 3, 1843
Succeeded byPerley B. Johnson
Preceded byJoshua Reed Giddings
United States Representative from Ohio's 16th congressional district March 4, 1843–March 3, 1845
Succeeded byJohn D. Cummins
Ohio House of Representatives
Preceded byCharles W. Simmons
Representative from Coshocton County December 3, 1832-December 1, 1833
Succeeded byJohn Crowely
Ohio Senate
Preceded byPeres Sprague
Senator from Coshocton, Knox & Holmes County District December 3, 1838-December 6, 1840
Succeeded byByram Leonard :
Articles and topics related to James Mathews :
vteMembers of the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio's 13th congressional district
E. Whittlesey
Spangler
Leadbetter
Mathews
Johnson
Parrish
Ritchey
W. Whittlesey
Gaylord
Lindsley
Sherman
Worcester
O'Neill
Delano
Morgan
Delano
Morgan
Southard
Warner
Atherton
Converse
Outhwaite
Dungan
Hare
Harris
Norton
Jackson
Mouser
Anderson
Key
Overmyer
Begg
Baird
Fiesinger
White
Baumhart
Weichel
Baumhart
Mosher
Pease
Brown
Sutton
Ryan
Sykes
vteMembers of the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio's 16th congressional district
Whittlesey
Giddings
Mathews
Cummins
Hoagland
Johnson
Ball
Tompkins
Cutler
White
Bingham
Danford
McKinley
Updegraff
Taylor
Wilkins
Geddes
Wilkins
Owens
Warwick
Ohliger
Pearson
Danford
Gill
Weems
Hollingsworth
Francis
McCulloch
Himes
McSweeney
McClintock
Thom
Seccombe
Thom
Carson
Thom
Carson
McSweeney
Bow
Regula
Boccieri
Renacci
Gonzalez :
# Clutch Pro Tour

The Clutch Pro Tour, currently titled as the Mizuno Next Gen Series for sponsorships reasons, is a series of developmental golf tournaments played in England. The tour is open to both male and female professionals.

## History

The tour was created in 2019 by Tom Hayward, a former professional golfer, to give lower level professionals more playing opportunities as well as helping progress their careers. The inaugural season took place after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in June 2020.
In May 2022, the tour undertook a sponsorship agreement with Mizuno Golf, being renamed as the Mizuno Next Gen Series.
In December 2022, it was announced that the Clutch Pro Tour and the Tartan Pro Tour would become official feeder tours to the Challenge Tour in place of the now-defunct PGA EuroPro Tour. The Clutch Pro Tour would offer Challenge Tour status to the top two players on the Order of Merit. In December 2023, it was confirmed that an additional player (three in total) from the Order of Merit would be awarded Challenge Tour status for the following season. Each event is a 54-hole tournament with a 36-hole cut for the 50 plus ties. Beginning in 2025, the tour also has a season-ending no-cut championship and a qualifying tournament.
In April 2024, it was announced that the tour would be included into the Official World Golf Ranking with immediate affect, having undergone a 17-month application process.

## Order of Merit winners

| Year | Winner | Points |
| 2024 | Callan Barrow | 1,970 |
| 2023 | George Bloor | 4,129 |
| 2022 | Giles Evans | 4,098 |
| 2021 | Daniel Gaunt | 3,063 |
| 2020 | Mitch Waite | 5,228 |

## Tier 2

In October 2022, the tour announced a new second-tier to their ecosystem. The tier 2 was added to increase playing opportunities and prize money for players, with the top 15 on the Tier 2 Order of Merit earning status to play on the main Clutch Pro Tour for the following season.

### Tier 2 Order of Merit winners

| Year | Winner | Points |
| 2024 | Jack Madden | 1,655 |
| 2023 | Conor White | 3,567 |
# Katharina Krüger

Katharina Krüger (born 3 January 1990) is a German wheelchair tennis player who competes in international level events. In the singles she is a three-time quarterfinalist in the Australian Open and four-time quarterfinalist in the French Open. She has participated at three Summer Paralympic Games and reached the second round in the singles' events. In the doubles she was a runner-up in the 2009 Australian Open where she partnered with Agnieszka Wysocka and lost to Korie Homan and Esther Vergeer in the final. Krüger has used a wheelchair from an early age as she was born with spina bifida.
# Tram with suspended articulation

A tram with a suspended articulation is a type of tram or streetcar architecture with one or more articulations being suspended. Here, articulations (i.e. permanent coupling) work like a hinge joint and are not supported by a bogie. This is unlike the more common solution with an articulation resting on a special connecting bogie, called jacobs bogie. Seen from the side at ground level, the suspended joint seems to be 'floating' because the lack of wheels directly under the joint.
The shortest examples consist of two sections. One section on two axles or two bogies; the other section rests both on one bogie and the other section, similar to a semi-trailer.$^{:119}$ In the diagram to the right, the short centre section supports the two end sections. Each of the end sections rests on one bogie and also on the centre section. It is a popular tram/light rail architecture for vehicles in North America.

## History

In 1928 an experimental tram was constructed in Görlitz and then put into service in Dresden until the mid-1960s. This car was numbered 2501 and had three sections: the center section had four fixed wheels, both end sections had each only one adjustable axle. Genoa was the first city to have a series of trams of this type. From 1940 onwards 31 trams were built by combining older tramcars. The lay out was very simple: the front section had one four wheeled truck, the end sections followed like a semi-trailer and had one fixed axle at the rear. The ride comfort was rather poor.
The first newly build series appeared in Bremen in 1956. The only difference with the type in Genoa was that the end car hand a one-axle bogie and therefore slight improved ride qualities. Vienna had an improved version of this type, with a two axle bogie at the end. This so-called Type F was longer than the version in Bremen and had a more streamlined design.

### Second generation

The second generation of trams all have a pivoting bogie both at the front and the end side. This way the ride is much smoother when entering curves. The first to use this concept was the Mirage type in Zürich in 1966. The center rests on a set of four fixed wheels.

### Low floor designs

The first modern low floor tram design also had floating articulations. Both Vevey and Duewag joined forces to create this tram type for the network in Geneva. Though the design didn't have an entirely low floor, as it was still 48 cm above the rail. The second type (being named TFS-2) has a similar setup as the Mirage trams for Zürich. Using floating articulations, Alstom was able to create a low floor (less than 35 cm high) over 60% of the tramcar length. Since the start of the Sheffield Supertram, it uses only vehicles with floating joints. This setup is used for the majority of LRVs in North America.

## Gallery

* Coupled Green line LRVs in Boston
* Coupled LRVs in Seattle
* Coupled Green line LRVs in Portland
* San Diego Trolley LRV
* LRV in Birmingham (UK)
* Tram train in Sheffield
* Tram in Turin
* Tram in Saint Petersburg
* Tram in Melbourne
# W. E. Drevlow

William Edward Drevlow (January 23, 1890 – August 20, 1975) was a Democratic politician from Idaho. He was a native of Minnesota. He served as the 31st lieutenant governor of Idaho from 1959 to 1967 during the administration of Governor Robert E. Smylie.
He died of pneumonia and internal bleeding in 1975.
# Marc Libbra

Marc Libbra (born 5 August 1972) is a French former professional footballer, whose previous clubs include Marseille, Norwich City, Toulouse FC and Hibernian.
Libbra scored a memorable goal on his debut for Norwich City, coming off the bench to score against Manchester City in August 2001. Seven days later he scored a late winner away at Wimbledon. However, he was unable to maintain such form and was released by the club shortly after the start of the 2002–03 season.
Since retiring as a player, Libbra has worked as a football pundit for French television.
# Karolin Lampert

Karolin Lampert (born 20 February 1995) is a German professional golfer and member of the Ladies European Tour. She was part of the winning team Johanna Gustavsson at the 2022 Aramco Team Series – New York.

## Amateur career

Lampert was a member of the National Team from 2008. With the team, she came second in the 2012 Espirito Santo Trophy, the world amateur team golf championship for women. Individually, she was German Girls Champion in 2011 and 2012 and won the 2012 Spanish International Ladies Amateur Championship. She represented Europe at the Junior Solheim Cup in 2013.

## Professional career

Lampert turned professional in 2013. Playing on the LET Access Series she missed ten cuts in a row, then turned around her form to win the 2015 Azores Ladies Open in Portugal. She finished in 31st place on the LETAS Order of Merit and earned her Ladies European Tour card for the 2016 season by finishing in 3rd place at the Lalla Aicha Final Qualifying School in Morocco.
On the 2018 Ladies European Tour, she was runner up at the South African Women's Open, two strokes behind Ashleigh Buhai, and lost a playoff to Astrid Vayson de Pradenne at the Jabra Ladies Open, but still earned qualification for the 2018 Evian Championship. She finished 8th in the 2018 LET rankings and 10th on the 2019 LET rankings.
In 2022, she won the team event at the Aramco Team Series – New York together with Johanna Gustavsson and Jessica Karlsson, one stroke ahead of a team captained by Nelly Korda.

## Personal

* Lampert's brother, Moritz, has played on the European Tour.

## Amateur wins

* 2011 German Girls Open, German Girls Under 16
* 2012 Spanish Ladies Amateur - Copa S.M. La Reina, German Girls Open, German National Amateur
Source:

## Professional wins (1)
### LET Access Series wins (1)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner-up |
| 1 | 4 Oct 2015 | Azores Ladies Open | −2 (71-70-73=214) | 2 strokes | Krista Bakker |

## Team appearances

Amateur
* European Girls' Team Championship (representing Germany): 2011, 2012
* Junior Vagliano Trophy (representing the Continent of Europe): 2011 (winners)
* Espirito Santo Trophy (representing Germany): 2012
* Vagliano Trophy (representing the Continent of Europe): 2013 (winners)
* European Ladies' Team Championship (representing Germany): 2013
* Junior Solheim Cup (representing Europe): 2013
Source:
# Frank R. Reid

Frank R. Reid (April 18, 1879 – January 25, 1945) was an American lawyer and politician who served six terms as a U.S. Representative from Illinois from 1923 to 1935.

## Biography

Born in Aurora, Illinois, Reid was one of eleven children of an Irish grocery store owner. He was christened without a middle name and later chose the letter "R" for an initial. Reid attended the public schools, the University of Chicago, and the Chicago College of Law. He was admitted to the bar in 1901 and commenced practice in Aurora, Illinois.

### Early political career

He served as prosecuting attorney of Kane County 1904–1908. State's attorney 1904–1908. He served as assistant United States attorney at Chicago 1908–1910. He served as member of the State house of representatives in 1911 and 1912. He served as chairman of the Kane County Republican central committee 1914–1916. Secretary of the League of Illinois Municipalities in 1916 and 1917.

### Congress

Reid was elected as a Republican to the Sixty-eighth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1923 – January 3, 1935). He served as chairman of the Committee on Flood Control (Sixty-ninth through Seventy-first Congresses).
While serving on the House Aircraft Committee, he met Gen. Billy Mitchell, who was testifying before the committee. On October 3, 1925, he was requested by Mitchell to act as defense counsel during Mitchell's court-martial in Washington, D.C. for "conduct to the prejudice of good order and discipline," and represented him pro bono. In the dramatic film about the trial, The Court-Martial of Billy Mitchell, Reid was portrayed by Ralph Bellamy.
He was not a candidate for renomination in 1934.

### Later career and death

After leaving Congress, he engaged in the general practice of law at Chicago and Aurora, Illinois.
He died in Aurora, Illinois, on January 25, 1945. He was interred in Spring Lake Cemetery.
# Mpumi Mpofu

Mpumi Mpofu Nompumelelo Zandile Hycynthia Mpofu (born 8 May 1966) is the CEO of the Airports Company South Africa (ACSA). Previously she served as director general in the Department of Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation in the Presidency, as well as director general in the Departments of Defence, Transport and Housing.
# Vladimir Kazantsev (general)

Vladimir Kazantsev (Russian: Владимир Казанцев; 1953 – 17 December 2001) was a Russian Airborne Forces major general who held multiple senior posts. From 1997 to 2000 he was Deputy Commander of the Airborne Forces for Peacekeeping Forces, and from 2000 to 2001 he commanded the Russian military contingent in Kosovo. He was supposed to become Deputy Commander of the Airborne Forces for Combat Training, but shortly after his return to Moscow from Kosovo, he died by falling from his apartment building.

## Biography

Vladimir Kazantsev was born in 1953 and served in the Soviet Airborne Forces (VDV). He was a veteran of the Soviet-Afghan War and, after the fall of the Soviet Union, the First Chechen War. He rose to prominence in October 1996, when he was removed from his position in the Russian Airborne Forces by President Boris Yeltsin for openly criticizing the General Staff for its plan to merge the independent service with the Russian Ground Forces. However he was restored to his post within a year. In 1997 he succeeded Nikolai Staskov as Deputy Commander of the Airborne Forces for Peacekeeping Forces.
Kazantsev commanded the VDV Group deployed in the Second Chechen War. In January 2000, during that conflict, he was involved in a helicopter crash in Chechnya and survived.
On 30 October 2000 he was appointed as commander of the Russian military contingent in the Kosovo Force. He arrived at Pristina International Airport to take up his new role in early November. His original post of Deputy Commander for Peacekeeping Forces went to Major General Aleksandr Popov after he went to Kosovo. Kazantsev was commander of the Russian peacekeeper contingent until 25 October 2001, being succeeded on that date by Major General Nikolai Kriventsov of the Russian Ground Forces, when the paratroopers there were replaced out by troops from the Moscow Military District. Kazantsev was to be assigned as the Deputy Commander of the Airborne Forces for Combat Training.
About a month after returning from Kosovo, on 17 December 2001, Kazantsev died after falling from the eighth floor of his Moscow apartment building, at the age of 48. The Moscow garrison military prosecutor's office opened an investigation into his death. Two theories about his death emerged, one that it was an accidental death and another that it was murder. According to investigators, Kazantsev died because his wife locked the apartment door when she left for work, and there was another key hidden somewhere in the apartment. He was unable to find it and tried to leave the apartment by climbing from his balcony to one of his neighbor's, but fell in the process.
# Hodobana Cave

Hodobana Cave is a limestone cave located in the Bihor Mountains of Romania. The entrance, discovered in April 1979 by Florin Păroiu and Nicolae Sasu, is located on the side of the Hodobana stream at an altitude of 980 m. The cave was explored and surveyed during a series of expeditions between 1979 and 1987, and has a length of 22,142 meters, making it one of the longest caves in Romania. It is the most branched natural cave in Romania.
# Charles A. Chickering

Charles Addison Chickering (November 26, 1843 – February 13, 1900) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

## Life

Born in Harrisburg, New York, Chickering attended the common schools and Lowville Academy and was for some time a teacher in that institution. He engaged in business as a hardware merchant. He served as school commissioner of Lewis County 1865–1875. He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Lewis Co.) in 1879, 1880 and 1881; and was Clerk of the Assembly from 1884 to 1890. He served as chairman of the Lewis County Republican committee. He served as member of the Republican State committee, serving as secretary, and as a member of its executive committee.
Chickering was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and to the three succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1893, until his accidental death from injuries received in a fall from a window of the Grand Union Hotel in New York City while on a business trip February 13, 1900. He served as chairman of the Committee on Railways and Canals (Fifty-fourth through Fifty-sixth Congresses). He was interred in Riverside Cemetery, Copenhagen, New York.
# Bernardino da Martinengo

Bernardino da Martinengo (Martinengo, mid-15th century — Brescia, after 1501) was an Italian mason and architect. His appellation serves to identify his origins in Martinengo in the area of Bergamo. In 1481, he was cited as a member of a bricklayers group (paratico dei marangoni), where he learned construction techniques of the late Gothic. Towards the end of the same decade, he was registered amongst the construction workers of the Monte di Pietà vecchio, a palazzo situated in the Piazza della Loggia in Brescia, where he would be one of the accusers of Filippo Grassi, the construction manager, for fraud against the municipality.
In August 1490, he was commissioned for the construction of the new presbytery of the Old Cathedral, Brescia. He also extended the Romanesque choir in the building, and built the transept and the chapel of the Holy Crosses (now lost, after their remodelling in the 17th century). Between 1494-1495, he was involved in the construction of the Palazzo della Loggia, especially in the primary orders. In connection with this, he was sent to Padua and Venice to train himself up in structural and decorative solutions, which he would then apply to the new public building in Brescia.
Among the most interesting examples of Renaissance architecture in Brescia is the main cloister of the monastery of Saints Faustino and Giovita, which is the last known work of Bernardino, dated to 1501. No biographical evidence exists beyond this date.
# John Prentiss Carter

John Prentiss Carter (February 7, 1840 - July 24, 1925) was an American politician. He served in both houses of the Mississippi Legislature and was the Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi from 1904 to 1908.

## Early life

John Prentiss Carter was born February 7, 1840, near Augusta, Perry County, Mississippi. He was the son of Abner Carter, who had served in the Mississippi House of Representatives, and his wife, Isabella (McLeod) Carter. His maternal grandfather, John McLeod, was a member of the first Mississippi Constitutional Convention in 1817. Abner died in 1847. Carter attended the Salem high school, which was located in Greene County, Mississippi, from 1849 to 1857. In 1857, Carter enrolled in Centenary College as a sophomore, and graduated with second honors in 1860, receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree.

## Civil War

In 1861, after the American Civil War began, Carter enlisted in the Confederate Army as a private in Company G of Mississippi's 27th Infantry. He was soon afterwards promoted to the rank of sergeant major. In 1862, he was promoted to the rank of second lieutenant, and became a first lieutenant in 1863. In the war, Carter fought in the battles of Stones River, Chickamauga, and Lookout Mountain. During the battle of Lookout Mountain, Carter was captured and imprisoned in Johnson's Island until the end of the war.

## Career

After the war ended, Carter returned to Mississippi, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1866 or 1867. He practiced law in Hattiesburg until 1896. In 1865, Carter was Perry County's delegate to the Mississippi State Constitutional Convention. Carter was also elected to represent Perry County as a Democrat in the Mississippi House of Representatives for the 1865-1867 sessions. From 1867 to 1869, Carter served as Perry County's County Attorney. In 1873, Carter was elected to represent the First District in the Mississippi State Senate for a four-year term, and served in the sessions of 1874, 1875, 1876, and 1877. He was re-elected to the Senate in 1877, and served in the 1878 and 1880 sessions. Carter refused to run for re-election in 1881. In 1887, Carter was once again elected to the State House, and served in the 1888 session. In 1890, Carter was a delegate to Mississippi's 1890 Constitutional Convention. On November 3, 1903, Carter was elected to the office of Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi, and served from January 18, 1904, to January 20, 1908.

## Personal life and death

Carter was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was a member of the United Confederate Veterans, the Masonic Order, the Knights Templar, the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, and the Mystical Seven. He married Margaret C. McCallum in 1868. They had six children, named John McCallum, Prentiss Abner, George Henry, Annie Isabella, Charles Galloway, and Martha Ruth.
Carter died shortly after 6 AM on July 24, 1925, in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.
# Breakfast in Paris

Breakfast in Paris is 1982 Australian romantic comedy.

## Plot

Fashion executive Jackie Wyatt discovers her boyfriend has been cheating on her. She flies to Paris and bumps into photographer Michael who she at first dislikes but grows to love.

## Production

The film was shot in Melbourne and Paris. Parkins agreed to star in the film after Lamond showed her a clip of Mullinar in Breaker Morant.
"It's an unashamedly lyrical love story, complete with a sentimental soundtrack by a 42-piece orchestra," said Lamond.