# Judy Biggert

Judith Gail Biggert (née Borg; born August 15, 1937) is an American politician and attorney. She is the former U.S. Representative for Illinois's 13th congressional district, serving from 1999 to 2013. She is a member of the Republican Party.
Biggert was defeated in her 2012 re-election bid by former US Congressman Bill Foster. She was also the last Republican woman elected to Congress from Illinois until the election of Mary Miller of the 15th congressional district in 2020.
Prior to serving in Congress, she served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1993 to 1998. After leaving Congress, she was appointed to serve on the Illinois Education Labor Relations Board.

## Early life, education and career

Biggert was born Judith Gail Borg in Chicago on August 15, 1937, the second of four children of Alvin Andrew Borg and Marjorie Virginia (Mailler) Borg. Her father worked for the Chicago-based Walgreen Co., the largest drugstore chain in the United States, for 41 years from 1928 to 1969, and served as its president from 1963 to 1969, succeeding Charles R. Walgreen Jr. and succeeded by Charles R. Walgreen III. Her paternal grandparents immigrated from Finland and her maternal family is of English descent.
She grew up in Wilmette, Illinois, a North Shore Chicago suburb, and graduated from New Trier High School in 1955, then went to Stanford University, where she received a B.A. in international relations in 1959, then worked for a year in a women's apparel store. She then attended Northwestern University School of Law where she was an editor of the Northwestern University Law Review from 1961 to 1963, earned a J.D. in 1963, then clerked for federal judge Luther Merritt Swygert of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit from 1963 to 1964.
Biggert left her federal court law clerkship to have her children, but later did some legal work from her home for family and friends on wills, trusts, and real estate. She served on numerous boards of voluntary and civic organizations.

## Early community involvement and political career

Biggert was elected to the Hinsdale Township High School District 86 Board of Education in 1978 and was a board member until 1985, serving as president from 1983 to 1985. She served as chairman of the Hinsdale Plan Commission from 1989 to 1993. She also became active in Chicago community organizations, serving as chair of the Visiting Nurses Association and as president of the Junior League.
In 1992, Biggert was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives to serve the redrawn 81st District. She was re-elected in 1994 and 1996 before running for Congress in 1998.

## U.S. House of Representatives
### Committee assignments

* Committee on Education and the Workforce
** Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education
** Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Training
* Committee on Financial Services
** Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government-Sponsored Enterprises
** Subcommittee on Insurance, Housing and Community Opportunity (Chairwoman)
* Committee on Science, Space and Technology
** Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
** Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation

### Caucus memberships

* Co-Chair of the Caucus on Women's Issues
* Republican Main Street Partnership

### Voting record
#### Interest group ratings

| | ACLU | ACU | ADA | AFL–CIO | AFSCME | ChC | CfG | Con | FRC | ITIC | LCV | NTLC$^*$ | NTU | USCC |
| 1999 | – | 60 | 30 | 11 | 16 | – | | 21 | | – | 31 | – | 59 | 96 |
| 2000 | 50 | 68 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 60 | | 5 | | 94 | 26 | 70 | 56 | 100 |
| 2001 | – | 56 | 20 | 17 | 10 | – | | – | | – | 21 | – | 61 | 100 |
| 2002 | 53 | 84 | 15 | 11 | 0 | 50 | | 58 | | 100 | 38 | 73 | 59 | 100 |
| 2003 | – | 60 | 10 | 13 | 13 | – | | | | – | 25 | – | 59 | 100 |
| 2004 | 30 | 64 | 35 | 13 | 0 | 61 | | | | 100 | 18 | 70 | 60 | 100 |
| 2005 | – | 60 | 20 | 13 | 0 | | 61 | | 54 | – | 22 | | 53 | 89 |
| 2006 | 41 | 64 | 30 | 21 | 0 | | 54 | | 0 | 100 | 33 | | 59 | 93 |
| 2007 | – | 68 | 30 | 42 | 18 | | 67 | | – | – | 55 | | 65 | 85 |
| 2008 | 27 | 84 | 35 | 20 | 14 | | 65 | | 35 | 71 | 38 | | 63 | 94 |
| 2009 | – | 80 | 20 | 13 | 22 | | 77 | | | – | 29 | | 73 | 95 |
$^*$ NTLC – National Tax-Limitation Committee

#### Key votes

106th Congress (1999–2000) :
| Vote | Bill |
| Yes | Kill proposal to take aviation trust funds off budget |
| Yes | Permit state and local governments to display the Ten Commandments on public property |
| Yes | Require background checks on buyers only at gun shows with 10 or more vendors |
| Yes | Remove barriers among banking, securities and insurance companies |
| Yes | Ban "partial-birth" abortions |
| Yes | Halt funding for U.S. mission in Kosovo unless European nations pay more |
| Yes | Provide Medicare benefits to military retirees and their dependents |
| Yes | Grant China permanent normal trade status |
| Yes | Phase out estate, gift and trust taxes |
| Yes | Approve GOP plan to provide prescription drug coverage for Medicare beneficiaries |
| Yes | Drop enforcement of the U.S. economic embargo of Cuba |
| No | Impose steel import quotas |
| No | Bar funding for Food and Drug Administration review of the RU-486 drug for inducement of abortion |
| No | Authorize state grants to hire teachers and reduce class size |
| No | Overhaul campaign finance laws; ban "soft money" and restrict advocacy advertising |
| No | Approve bipartisan plan to increase rights of patients in managed-care health plans |
| No | Raise hourly minimum wage by $1 over two years |
| No | Prohibit implementation of president's national monument designations |
| No | Increase help for poor nations indebted to international financial institutions |
107th Congress (2001–2002) :
| Vote | Bill |
| Yes | Nullify Clinton Labor Department ergonomics rule |
| Yes | Approve Bush tax cuts of $1.35 trillion through fiscal 2011 |
| Yes | Permit federal incentives for social services provided by religious organizations |
| Yes | Bar funds for the District of Columbia to enforce anti-discrimination ruling against the Boy Scouts for expelling two gay Scouts |
| Yes | Approve Bush proposal to limit managed-care plan liability for coverage decisions |
| Yes | Divert money from crop subsidy payments to land conservation |
| Yes | Expand law enforcement power to investigate suspected terrorists |
| Yes | Back Bush's defense budget increase |
| Yes | Extend 1996 welfare law |
| Yes | Bar funds for the International Criminal Court |
| Yes | Adopt Bush's discretionary spending limit |
| Yes | Pass GOP Medicare prescription drug plan |
| Yes | Permit commercial airline pilots to carry firearms and use force during a flight |
| Yes | Ban "partial-birth" abortion |
| Yes | Revive fast-track procedures for trade agreements |
| Yes | Authorize war against Iraq |
| Yes | Advance bankruptcy overhaul opposed by abortion opponents |
| No | Maintain ban on oil drilling in Arctic National Wildlife Refuge |
| No | Overhaul campaign finance law; ban "soft money" and restrict advocacy advertising |
| No | Create independent Sep 11 commission |
| No | Extend union protection to Homeland Security Department employees |
108th Congress (2003–2004) :
| Vote | Bill |
| Yes | Restrict liability lawsuits against manufacturers and sellers of firearms and ammunition |
| Yes | Permit oil drilling in 2,000 acres (8.1 km$^2$) of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge |
| Yes | Approve Bush tax cuts of $330 billion through fiscal 2013 |
| Yes | Do not allow use of search warrants without first notifying suspects |
| Yes | Ban "partial birth" abortion except to save a woman's life |
| Yes | Approve fiscal 2004 supplemental appropriations bill providing $87 billion for U.S. military operations and reconstruction aid to Iraq and Afghanistan |
| Yes | Overhaul Medicare and create prescription drug benefit |
| Yes | Pass $293.2 billion, six-year federal highway and mass transit bill |
| Yes | Prohibit funds to enforce the economic embargo of Cuba |
| Yes | Approve $146 billion multi-year extension of previously enacted middle-class tax breaks |
| Yes | Cut corporate taxes $137 billion over 10 years |
| Yes | Reorganize U.S. intelligence agencies as proposed by Sep 11 commission |
| No | Ban human cloning and impose criminal sanctions |
| No | Block Bush rule scaling back overtime pay for some white collar federal workers |
| No | Allow importation of prescription drugs |
| No | Create private school voucher program in Washington, D.C. |
| No | Split $18.6 billion in Iraq aid into half-grant, half-loan |
| No | Extend federal unemployment benefits by 13 weeks |
| No | Bar funds to implement new federal regulations for overtime pay |
| No | Amend the Constitution to prohibit same-sex marriage |
109th Congress (2005–2006) :
| Vote | Bill |
| Yes | Intervene in the life-support case of Terri Schiavo |
| Yes | Permanently repeal federal estate and gift taxes |
| Yes | Lift President Bush's restrictions on stem cell research funding |
| Yes | Reauthorize the USA PATRIOT Act, and make permanent most of its provisions for expanded law-enforcement authority to investigate potential terrorists |
| Yes | Approve the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) with five Central American countries |
| Yes | Pass energy policy overhaul favored by President Bush emphasizing domestic oil and gas production |
| Yes | Ban torture of prisoners in American custody |
| Yes | Approve fiscal 2006 budget reconciliation legislation to curb entitlement spending |
| Yes | Authorize oil and gas leases for Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge |
| Yes | Affirm U.S. commitment to war in Iraq and reject setting a withdrawal date for troops |
| Yes | Permit U.S. sale of civilian nuclear technology to India |
| Yes | Build a 700-mile (1,100 km) fence on the U.S.-Mexico border to curb illegal immigration |
| Yes | Create military tribunals to try detainees described as unlawful enemy combatants |
| No | Bar transportation of a minor girl across state lines to obtain an abortion without parental consent |
| No | Prohibit FBI access to library and bookstore records |
| No | End mandatory preservation of habitat of endangered animal and plant species |
| No | Stop broadband companies from favoring select Internet traffic |
| No | Repeal requirement for bilingual ballots at the polls |
| No | Amend the Constitution to define marriage as the union of a man and a woman |
110th Congress (2007–2008) :
| Vote | Bill |
| Yes | Increase minimum wage by $2.10 an hour to $7.25 per hour in two years from $5.15 per hour |
| Yes | Affirm U.S. commitment to war in Iraq and reject setting a withdrawal date for troops |
| Yes | Bar funds to state or local governments that refuse to share information on immigrant status with the Immigration and Customs Enforcement Bureau |
| Yes | Override Bush veto of $23.2 billion water projects authorization bill |
| Yes | Prohibit job discrimination on the basis of a person's sexual orientation |
| Yes | Implement Peru free-trade agreement |
| Yes | Approve energy policy overhaul with new fuel economy standards |
| Yes | Clear $473.5 billion omnibus spending bill, including $70 billion for military operations |
| Yes | Overhaul surveillance laws and permit dismissal of suits against companies that conducted warrantless wiretapping |
| Yes | Grant mortgage relief to homeowners and funding for Fannie Mac and Freddie Mac |
| Yes | Repeal the District of Columbia's local laws that prohibit possession of firearms |
| Yes | Approve final $700 billion program to stabilize financial markets |
| No | Approve $124.2 billion in emergency war spending and set goal for redeployment of troops from Iraq |
| No | Bar the use of military funds for contingency operations in Iran |
| No | Reject federal contraceptive assistance to international family planning groups |
| No | Delay consideration of Colombia free-trade agreement |
| No | Override Bush veto of federal farm and nutrition programs reauthorization bill |
| No | Reauthorize and expand the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) |
| No | Approve initial $700 billion program to stabilize financial markets |
| No | Provide $14 billion in loans to automakers |
111th Congress, 1st Session (2009) :
| Vote | Bill |
| Yes | Authorize the Food and Drug Administration to regulate tobacco products |
| Yes | Rule for floor debate on the fiscal 2010 Commerce-Justice-Science appropriations bill that restricted the number of amendments to the bill that could be offered |
| Yes | Comprehensive food safety bill, after a string of food-borne illnesses shook the public's confidence and left key industry players searching for ways to reassure consumers |
| Yes | Cash for clunkers – replenish a federal fund that offered as much as $4,500 to car owners who traded in fuel-inefficient vehicles for newer, more fuel efficient vehicles |
| Yes | Stupak amendment to health reform legislation to restrict insurance coverage for abortions |
| No | State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) expansion |
| No | Economic stimulus – $787 billion bill to help stimulate the economy through a combination of spending and tax cuts |
| No | Mortgage loan modification – allow bankruptcy judges to write down the principal and interest rates of existing loans to a home's current market value |
| No | Climate change mitigation – create a cap and trade system to limit emissions of greenhouse gases; require electric utilities to produce some of their power from renewable sources |
| No | Student loan overhaul – establish the government as the sole provider of student loans and provide billions of dollars in savings toward various scholarship and education programs |
| No | Health care reform legislation aimed at insuring most Americans and paid for with a controversial combination of reductions in Medicare spending and tax increases |
111th Congress, 2nd Session (2010) :
| Vote | Bill |
| Yes | Continuing Extension Act of 2010 – $18 billion unemployment benefits extension to June 2, 2010 |
| Yes | Allow repeal of "Don't ask, don't tell" policy 60 days after receipt of Pentagon recommendations due December 1, 2010 |
| No | Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act / Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 |
| No | Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act |
| No | Unemployment Compensation Extension Act of 2010 – $34 billion unemployment benefits extension to November 30, 2010 |
| No | Aid to states – $26 billion to fund education jobs and Medicaid |
| No | Small Business Jobs and Credit Act of 2010 – $42 billion to provide capital to small banks and tax cuts for small businesses |

## Political positions

Judy Biggert is a moderate Republican. She was a member of The Republican Main Street Partnership and Republicans for Choice.

### Abortion

Biggert supports abortion rights. She supports embryonic stem-cell research. She was given a 50% rating from NARAL Pro-Choice America and a 67% rating from Planned Parenthood, which both support legal abortion, a 100% rating from Population Connection, an anti-abortion organization which supports voluntary family planning, and a 50% rating from the anti-abortion National Right to Life Committee which opposes access to legal abortion.

### Taxes

Biggert was one of 171 of the 178 Republican U.S. House members in the 111th Congress to have signed Grover Norquist's Americans for Tax Reform Taxpayer Protection Pledge:
Biggert supported making all of the Bush tax cuts permanent, regardless of income.

### Social security, healthcare, and Medicaid

Biggert supported the partial privatization of Social Security, in which individuals could choose to voluntarily divert 2% of their Social Security tax payments from paying Social Security beneficiaries into individual private accounts which they could invest in the stock market and which they could pass on to their heirs.
Biggert supported the repeal (or defunding to prevent implementation) of the 2010 Democratic health care reform and its replacement with Republican health care reform.
Biggert opposed allowing individuals less than 65 years of age to buy into Medicare.

### Illegal immigration

Biggert opposed any comprehensive immigration reform that provides a path to citizenship for illegal immigrants and supports efforts against illegal immigration. .

### Campaign finance

Biggert opposed public financing of federal election campaigns, and supported the elimination of all limits on campaign contributions with immediate and full disclosure of contributions.

### Same-sex marriage and LGBT issues

Biggert voted against the 2006 Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment intended to ban gay marriage. She supported repealing the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy, but opposed repealing the Defense of Marriage Act which prohibited federal recognition of same-sex marriages. In 2012, she was given a 70% rating from the Human Rights Campaign, a political action committee which supports same-sex marriage and other gay rights, and she was given a 100% rating by PFLAG, or Parents, Families, and Friends of Lesbians and Gays.

## Political campaigns
### 1998

In 1998, Biggert narrowly defeated (45%-40%) conservative state Senator Peter Roskam in the Republican primary, the real contest in this ancestrally Republican district. In the general she earned 61% of the vote to win the seat opened up by the retirement of U. S. Representative Harris Fawell. In 2006, Roskam was elected to Congress from another district.

### 2006

In 2006, Biggert's share of the vote in the general election fell below 60% (58%) for the first time in her Congressional career.

### 2008

In 2008, Biggert received less than 54% of the vote overall (and less than 50% of the vote in Will County) in winning reelection to her sixth term in Congress. For the first time, she faced a financially competitive Democratic opponent, businessman Scott Harper, the first reasonably well-financed Democrat to run in the district or its predecessors in decades. In 2008, Democratic U.S. Sen. Dick Durbin was reelected with 60% of the vote and Democrat Barack Obama won 54% of the vote in the 13th Congressional District, with even Biggert's Republican predecessor, Fawell, supporting Obama.

### 2010

Biggert won re-election.

### 2012

In the redistricting following the 2010 census, the Democratic-controlled state legislature significantly altered Illinois's congressional map, splitting Biggert's district. Her district was renumbered as the 11th District, and made significantly more Democratic even though it contains 50 percent of Biggert's former territory. A portion of her former district that included Biggert's home in Hinsdale was combined with the heavily Democratic Chicago North Side-based 5th District. Biggert opted to run in the new 11th against the Democratic nominee, former 14th District Congressman Bill Foster.

## Electoral history
### Illinois House, 81st Representative District (1992–1996)

* 1992 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 5,284 (38%)
** James P. McCarthy – 3,498 (25%)
** Todd Vandermyde – 1,861 (13%)
** Andrew J. (Andy) Clark – 1,758 (12%)
** John Curry – 1,684 (12%)
* 1992 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 28,655 (69%)
** David M. Briggs (D) – 12,918 (31%)
* 1994 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 6,100 (54%)
** James P. McCarthy – 5,219 (46%)
* 1994 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 22,227 (78.51%)
** Bill Chalberg (D) – 6,085 (21%)
* 1996 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 14,142 (100%)
* 1996 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 28,597 (71%)
** Dave Brockway (D) – 11,573 (29%)

### U.S. House, Illinois 13th Congressional District (1998– )

* 1998 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 24,482 (45%)
** Peter Roskam – 21,784 (40%)
** David J. Shestokas – 2,574 (5%)
** Michael J. Krzyston – 2,566 (5%)
** Andrew J. Clark – 1,926 (4%)
** Walter Marksym – 1,035 (2%)
* 1998 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 121,889 (61%) $1,294,853$^*$
** Susan W. Hynes (D) – 77,878 (39%) $222,656$^*$
* 2000 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 39,121 (100%)
* 2000 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 193,250 (66%) $381,623$^*$
** Thomas Mason (D) – 98,768 (34%)
* 2002 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 70,691 (100%)
* 2002 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 139,456 (70%) $464,054$^*$
** Tom Mason (D) – 59,069 (30%)
* 2004 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 46,861 (>99%)
** Bob Hart (write-in) – 231 (<1%)
* 2004 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 200,472 (65%) $542,733$^*$
** Gloria Schor Andersen (D) – 107,836 (35%) $42,129$^*$
** Mark Alan Mastrogiovanni (write-in) – 4 (0%)
* 2006 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 52,900 (80%)
** Bob Hart – 13,564 (20%)
* 2006 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 119,720 (58%) $1,014,819$^*$
** Joseph Shannon (D) – 85,507 (42%) $225,842$^*$
** Mark Alan Mastrogiovanni (write-in) – 7 (0%)
* 2008 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 58,533 (77%)
** Sean O'Kane – 17,206 (23%)
* 2008 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – 180,888 (54%) $1,585,536$^*$
** Scott Harper (D) – 147,430 (44%) $1,070,201$^*$
** Steve Alesch (Green) – 9,402 (3%)
** Theodore Knapp (write-in) – 51 (0%)
* 2010 Republican primary
** Judy Biggert – 58,294 (100%)
* 2010 general election
** Judy Biggert (R) – $1,450,000$^{**}$
** Scott Harper (D) – $621,000$^{**}$
$^*$ campaign expenditures $^{**}$ campaign contributions (through September 30, 2010)

## Post-congressional career

On April 23, 2015, Illinois Governor Bruce Rauner appointed Biggert to the Education Labor Relations Board, which oversees the negotiation of teacher contracts.

## Personal life

On September 21, 1963, she married Rody Patterson Biggert, Jr. Rody and Judy Biggert lived in Chicago, then Wilmette, before moving to Hinsdale in 1971, when Rody's mother sold them her home, the extensively remodeled 1864 mansion of Hinsdale's founder, William Robbins, in the Robbins Park Historic District. The Biggerts have four children: Courtney Caverly, Alison Cabot, Rody Biggert, and Adrienne Morrell, and nine grandchildren. Her husband, Rody, died in November 2018 after an 18-month long struggle with leukemia at the age of 82.
Since 2004, Biggert's youngest daughter Adrienne Morrell has been a registered lobbyist for Health Net, the sixth largest publicly traded for-profit managed healthcare company; previously Morrell was a lobbyist with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP), the chief health insurance industry lobby, after having served as an aide to former seven-term Illinois 13th District U.S. Rep. Harris Fawell, Biggert's predecessor in Congress.
In 2008, multimillionaire Biggert was the second wealthiest—after U.S. Rep. Bill Foster (D-14)—in Illinois's 21-member Congressional delegation, and the 82nd wealthiest member in the U.S. House.
Biggert was president of the Junior Board of the Chicago Travelers Aid Society in 1969, and president of the Junior League of Chicago from 1976 to 1978, chairman of board of directors of the Visiting Nurse Association of Chicago in 1978, and president of the Oak School elementary school PTA in Hinsdale from 1976 to 1978. She was a member of the board of directors of the Salt Creek Ballet from 1990 to 1998. She was also a Sunday school teacher at Grace Episcopal Church in Hinsdale from 1974 to 1984, and an American Youth Soccer Organization assistant soccer coach in 1983.