OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# La Morandière

La Morandière (French pronunciation:) is a former municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in the Abitibi Regional County Municipality. In 2023, it merged with Rochebaucourt to from the new municipality of La Morandière-Rochebaucourt.

## History

The location where La Morandière currently sits was initially settled in around 1916 by Émilien Plante, Uldéric Hardy and Charles Rochette, but the territory didn't have any official status until January 1, 1983, the date when the municipality of La Morandière was founded.

## Demographics

Mother tongue (2021):
* English as first language: 0%
* French as first language: 97.6%
* English and French as first language: 0%
* Other as first language: 2.4%

## Local government

List of former mayors:
* Marcel Lebrun (1983–1989)
* Thérèse Parent-Hébert (1989–1997)
* Marcel Lesyk (1997–2001)
* Micheline Bureau (2005–2009)
* Guy Lemire (2009–2017)
* Alain Lemay (2017–2022)
# Joy and Blues

Joy and Blues is a studio album by the reggae band Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers, released in 1993 on Virgin Records. The first single was "Brothers and Sisters", which was promoted to modern rock radio.
The album was nominated for a Grammy Award, in the "Best Reggae Album" category. It peaked at No. 178 on the Billboard 200.

## Production

"There She Goes" is a version of Bob Marley's "Stand Alone". "African Herbsman" is a cover of the Richie Havens song, which Bob had covered in the early 1970s.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Calgary Herald | B |
| Rolling Stone | |
Trouser Press stated: "Whether it's the familiarity of the sound, the concentration of energy or the band's congenital fluency in their father's tongue, the album is a solid winner." The Calgary Herald wrote that Marley is "great at putting an uptempo, sunny sound on a song that's got a serious, even threatening undertow."
AllMusic noted that "the arrangements are more subtle than in the past, quietly enhancing the songs' atmospheres and lyrics."

## Track listing

* "Joy and Blues"
* "Brothers and Sisters"
* "There She Goes"
* "Talk"
* "Rebel in Disguise"
* "X Marks The Spot"
* "Head Top"
* "African Herbsman"
* "World So Corrupt"
* "Garden"
* "Mama"
* "This One"
# Richard Garrard

Richard Garrard (born 24 May 1937) was the seventh Suffragan Bishop of Penrith in the modern era.
Garrard was educated at Northampton Grammar School and King's College London. Ordained in 1962, he began his career with a curacy in Woolwich and was then successively a chaplain at Keswick Hall College of Education, principal of the Church Army Training College, canon chancellor at Southwark Cathedral, educational advisor to the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich and finally (before his elevation to the episcopate) Archdeacon of Sudbury. From 2001 to 2003 he was the Archbishop of Canterbury's representative to the Holy See and director of the Anglican Centre in Rome. A renowned author, in retirement he continues to minister as an assistant bishop within the Diocese of Norwich.
# Edward Rosen

Edward Rosen (12 December 1906 – 28 March 1985) was an American historian, whose main field of study was early modern science and, in particular, the work of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler.

## Academic life

Edward Rosen's academic life, including his education, was spent in New York City. He graduated from the City College of New York in 1926 and he received his master's (1929) and doctoral degrees (1939) from Columbia University. He was a teacher at the City College of New York and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York until his retirement in 1977, with two interruptions: he was a visiting professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1957–1958, and at Indiana University in 1963–1964. In 1983, six years after his retirement, he was appointed Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the City University of New York.
In the course his career, Edward Rosen published 11 books, more than 160 articles, and over 90 book reviews.

## Prizes

* Pfizer Award of the History of Science Society in 1968, for his translation of Kepler's Somnium.
* Medal from the Copernicus Society of America in 1973, for his many years of outstanding research and publication on the life and works of Nicholas Copernicus.
* Gold Order of Merit from the Polish People's Republic in 1978, for the same reason.
# Julio Meneghello

Julio Meneghello Rivera (1911 – 15 August 2009) was a Chilean physician, scientist, academic, and researcher, considered the initiator of social pediatrics in his country.

## Biography

Julio Meneghello obtained his professional degree in 1936 at the University of Chile. Between 1941 and 1943 he did postgraduate studies at the American universities Harvard, Johns Hopkins, and Cornell.
In 1950 he assisted in the establishment of the Pediatric Research Laboratory, which gave rise in 1977 to the Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology of the University of Chile [es].
He is considered the father of modern pediatrics in the country, among other things, because he was the first in the world – around 1955 – to put into practice the systematized use of oral serums to treat acute diarrhea with great dehydration in malnourished children. In addition, he and his team found the ideal composition of these hydrating serums, which (with certain modifications) would be recommended by entities such as the World Health Organization and UNICEF for the management of these minors.
The importance of this scientific and pedagogical work was recognized by the medical journal The Lancet in 1978, as one of the most important medical advances of the 20th century for developing countries.
In 1995 Meneghello received the Rector Juvenal Hernández Jaque Medal, awarded by the University of Chile to those members of their community who, in the exercise of their professions, have rendered distinguished services.
In 1996 he received Chile's National Prize for Applied Sciences and Technologies for his contribution to eradicating malnutrition and reducing infant mortality in the country.
In 2002 he was awarded his country's National Prize for Medicine.
Julio Meneghello died of pneumonia in Santiago on 15 August 2009, at age 98.
# John Fielding Crigler

John Fielding Crigler (11 September 1919 - 13 May 2018) was an American pediatrician. Along with Victor Assad Najjar, Crigler is known for Crigler–Najjar syndrome. He studied medicine at the Duke University School of Medicine, graduating in 1943. He trained in pediatrics at Boston Children's Hospital.
# Melinda Vigh

Melinda Vigh (2 May 1982 – 7 August 2021) was a Hungarian climber. A forearm amputee, she competed in the disability group AU2.

## Biography

Vigh finished second at the 2016 IFSC Paraclimbing World Championships in Paris and in 2018 in Innsbruck. In the 2019 Briançon competition, she finished third.
Melinda Vigh died from an accidental fall while climbing the Watzmann on 7 August 2021 at the age of 39.
# Smetana Quartet

The Smetana Quartet (Czech: Smetanovo kvarteto) was a Czech string quartet that was in existence from 1943 to 1989, although it was known as the Smetana Quartet only from 1945 onwards.

## Personnel

1st violin
* Václav Neumann (1920-1995), from 1943 to 1945
* Jaroslav Rybenský, from 1945 to 1947
* Jiří Novák (1924-2010), since 1947
2nd violin
* Lubomír Kostecký (1922-2003)
Viola
* Jiří Neumann, from 1943 to 1945
* Václav Neumann, from 1945 to 1947
* Jaroslav Rybenský, from 1947 to 1956
* Milan Škampa (1928-2018), since 1956
Cello
* Antonín Kohout (1919-2013)

## Origins and activities

The Smetana Quartet arose from the Quartet of the Czech Conservatory, which was founded in 1943 (during the Nazi occupation) in Prague by Antonín Kohout, the cellist. With Jaroslav Rybenský and Lubomír Kostecký as first and second violins, and Václav Neumann as violist, the group gave its first performance as the Smetana Quartet on 6 November 1945, at the Municipal Library in Prague. Neumann left to pursue conducting in 1947, at which point Rybenský went to the viola desk and Jiří Novák (who shared first violin desk with Josef Vlach, founder of the Vlach Quartet, under Vaclav Talich in the Czech Chamber Orchestra) came in as first violin.
By 1949 the group had official connections with the Czech Philharmonic. The first foreign tour was in 1949, to Poland, and the first recording was of the second quartet by Bedřich Smetana in 1950. Rybenský was obliged to retire after ill health in 1952, and was replaced by Milan Škampa. The performers were appointed professors at the Academy of Musical Arts in 1967. Of their many recordings, those made at that time for German Electrola are considered particularly fine.
For many years this group, which has been called the finest Czech quartet of its time, played the Czech repertoire from memory, giving these works a special intensity and intimacy.
The Smetana Quartet made the third commercial digital recording ever made, Mozart's K.421 and K.458, in Tokyo April 24–26, 1972. They re-recorded the same repertoire ten years later in Prague.
Antonín Kohout trained the Kocian Quartet (founded 1972) and the Martinů Quartet (1976), though the latter's members had been pupils of Professor Viktor Moučka, cellist of the Vlach Quartet.
# Elizabeth Fisher (journalist)

Elizabeth Fisher (1924 – 1 January 1982, Sag Harbor, New York) was a US author and editor of the feminist literary magazine Aphra. Fisher's best-known work is Women's Creation: Sexual Evolution and the Shaping of Society, in which she tells the story of human evolution from a feminist point of view

## Life

Fisher attended Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts and worked as a cultural columnist for The Rome American in Rome in the 1950s. She was also one of the founders of the literary magazine Aphra in 1969. Her articles have appeared in New York Times, in The Nation and in the New York Post. She taught at the Women's Writer's Centre at Cazenovia College as a visiting professor and taught Women's Studies at New York University. She was also a translator of novels and dramas.
Fisher was married and had one child. She committed suicide in her Sag Harbor studio on New Year's Day 1982.

## Work

Fisher's best-known work is Women's Creation: Sexual Evolution and the Shaping of Society, in which she tells the story of human evolution from a feminist point of view. She begins with the question of why women are considered property that can be exchanged or sold. Men, as a clear contrast, first defined themselves through this possession. The (natural) sciences have not been spared these social attributions either. Nature was often defined as something to be conquered, possessed or mastered. Male sexuality was characterised not only as aggressive, but also as desirable. The woman was seen as "the first conquered territory", which was peacefully minded. Fisher criticises these naturalising attributions of the man as an aggressive conqueror, who had a naturally higher strength than the peaceful woman. It shows that there are other stories of the origins of humanity that were organised as matriarchy or egalitarianism. Drawing on sociology, ethnology and anthropology, Fisher argues that women were the first inventors in the hunter-gatherer phase. Thus, the development of agriculture and animal husbandry is said to be due to female innovation.
The seventh chapter of the book The Carrier Bag Theory of Evolution inspired the science fiction author Ursula K. Le Guin to write her essay The Carrier Bag Theory of Fiction, in which she conceptualises narration as a "carrier bag" in which various things and stories are gathered together.
The publication was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in 1979.
# Theater am Aegi

The Theater am Aegi is an event venue on Aegidientorplatz square in Hannover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. Like the square, it is often referred to as Aegi. The building was opened in 1953 mainly as a cinema, with a versatile stage also for other performances. It has been a Gastspieltheater for local and touring companies, without its own personnel. After a fire, it was rebuilt as a theatre only, opened in 1967, and then mainly as a venue for drama performances of the state-run Staatstheater Hannover. After a new theatre was built for that company in 1992, Theater am Aegi returned to its traditional role of a venue for various events, including congress, private functions and representation of the city.

## History

The site of today's theatre at the Aegidientorplatz (Aegidien gate square) was used as a cinema venue from 1920 in the hall of the hotel Vier Jahreszeiten seating 1,400 spectators. It was converted into the Ufa-Palast [de] in 1924. This building was destroyed by bombing during the Second World War. In 1953, a theatre was built almost at the same location. It was designed in post-war modernist style by architects Gerd Lichtenhahn and Hans Klüppelberg. It housed a cinema where films were premiered, with a stage suitable for artistic and musical performances. When it opened it was named "das modernste Theater Deutschlands" (Germany's most modern theatre). It was the largest cinema in northern Germany. The stage was used regularly by the Landesbühne Hannover [de], a regional company, and by the Thalia-Theater company. The building was largely destroyed by a fire in 1964. It was restored with refurbished features and a larger hall, opened in 1967. It was then also used as a venue of the municipal Schauspiel Hannover.
The theatre's appearance was changed by a new facade in 1978. In 1981, the house was connected by an entrance to the new subway station U-Bahn-Station Aegidientorplatz. When the Schauspiel Hannover moved to a new building in 1992, the Theater am Aegi was threatened with closure, but committed citizens developed a new concept for usage as a multifunctional stage. Following the tradition from the 1950s, it hosts performances of musical, cabaret, comedies and drama, opera, dance and concerts. In addition, it is available for gala events, congresses, trade fairs and private events. The theatre was again renovated from 2009 to 2016. The restoration of the roof received a Sanierungspreis award in the category metal in 2018. Beginning with the 2010/11 season, the theatre served also as a venue of the Theater für Niedersachsen [de], a fusion of the Landesbühne Hannover and the Stadttheater Hildesheim.
Beginning in 1994, the house is operated by a private operator based in Hanover. Its managing directors are Michael Lohmann, at the same time managing director of the Hannover Concerts, and Jürgen Hoffmann. According to the theatre, the annual average attendance is 200,000 people.
# Huset KBH

Huset KBH is a cultural centre located at Rådhusstræde 13 in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It occupies three old townhouses at Rådhusstræde 13 and Magstræde 12–14 as well as a former warehouse. The building at Rådhusstræde 13 was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1945.

## History

The building at Rådhusstræde 13 was built in 1730–34 after the previous building at the site had been destroyed in the Copenhagen Fire of 1728. It just escaped the Copenhagen Fire of 1795 and was in 1802 heightened by one storey.
The building at Magstræde 12 was built for brewer Peder Børgesen in 1830–31. It was heightened by one storey in 1920. The physicist Ludvig Lorenz (1829–1891) was a resident in the building at Magstræde 14 in 1860–61.
The building was in 1881 acquired by the wholesaler Sthyr & Kjær. The company bought the two adjacent properties at Magstræde 12 and 14 in 1903 and a new warehouse was at the same time constructed at the site. The entire complex was in 1969 acquired by Copenhagen Municipality. It was adapted for its new use as youth house with the assistance of the architect Georg Rotne in 1973.
Rådhusstræde 13 was at the time of the 1906 census only home to a single family. Jens Henrik Petersen, Sthyr & Kjær's warehouse manager, resided in the garret with his wife Eleonora Benthine Mathilde Petersen, their four children (aged 11 to 22) and the 18-year-old warehouse worker Carl Ferdinand Nielsen.

## Architecture

The building at Rådhusstræde 13 was originally a two-storey townhouse with a four-bay wall dormer. This building was in 1802 heightened by one storey and a roof with five dormer windows. The facade was adapted in the Neoclassical style with inspiration from Karl Friedrich Schinkel's architecture.
Smaller rooms on the two lower floors were in the 1900s merged into one large room on each floor. Sections of the original stucco decorations from the 1740s were copied and used for creating the current stucco ceilings. They are in the Rococo style and have details inspired by François de Cuvilliés.
# Crinum americanum

Crinum americanum is an aquatic angiosperm native to North America from Texas to South Carolina, as well as Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Common names for this species include Florida swamp-lily, string lily, and southern swamp crinum. The species grows in small groups in still water habitats.
Crinum species are now members of the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae; they were formerly placed in the family Liliaceae.

## Etymology

The Latin specific epithet americanum refers to the plant's native habitat.

## Description

Crinum americanum is a perennial bulb that can grow up to 4 ft (1.2 m) tall. The plant has simple leaves that are up to 4 ft (1.2 m) long and 3 in (7.6 cm) wide. Flowers are fragrant and lily-like with white petals that can sometimes be blushed pink in color. The flower stem grows up to 3 ft (0.91 m) tall and has two to six flowered umbels. The upper portion of the stamen is purple and anthers are also purple in color.

## Distribution and habitat

It is native to North America from Texas to South Carolina, as well as Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. It grows in freshwater marshes, cypress swamps, and lake edges.

## Conservation

As of November 2024, NatureServe listed Crinum americanum as Secure (G5). This status was last reviewed on 4 August 1988.
# Karnaphuli Gas Distribution Company Limited

Karnaphuli Gas Distribution Company Limited (Bengali: কর্ণফুলী গ্যাস ডিস্ট্রিবিউশন কোম্পানী লিমিটেড) is a Bangladesh government owned major gas distribution company that is responsible for distributing gas in Chittagong District and the Chittagong Hill Tracts. It has authorized capital of one thousand crore taka. As of 2022, they employed 410 staff and served 0.59 million domestic, 2884 commercial, and 1447 industrial customers.

## History

Karnaphuli Gas Distribution Company Limited was established on 8 February 2010 by the government of Bangladesh as a joint stock company. Its starting authorized capital was 30 million taka, which is now 10,000 million taka. It started its revenue collection from July 2010. In 2018, the company bought the first liquefied natural gas shipment in Bangladesh from Qatar and planned to distribute it in Chittagong City.
# National Coordinator for Security and Counterterrorism

The National Coordinator for Security and Counterterrorism (Dutch Nationaal Coördinator Terrorismebestrijding en Veiligheid), abbreviated as NCTV, is the principal Dutch counterterrorism unit. It was established in January 2005 as the Nationaal Coördinator Terrorismebestrijding (NCTb). The unit was enlarged and renamed in October 2012.
The NCTV is under the responsibility of the Minister of Justice and Security, Dilan Yeşilgöz-Zegerius, who succeeded Ferdinand Grapperhaus in 2022. In charge of civil aviation and cybersecurity safety, it also analyses terrorism threats to determine the threat level (minimal, limited, substantial, or critical) in the Netherlands. The unit works closely with the General Intelligence and Security Service (AIVD) and Military Intelligence and Security Service (MIVD).

## History

There has been an involvement of the unit in the investigation of Northwest Airlines Flight 253, which was an attempted in-flight bomb attack that occurred on 25 December 2009 and originated at Lagos Airport.

## Heads

The head of the NCTV unit is appointed by the Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations after the approval of the Council of Ministers, as every senior civil servant is in the Netherlands. The following people have served as head of the Nationaal Coördinator Terrorismebestrijding en Veiligheid unit:
* Tjibbe Joustra (27 April 2004 – 1 January 2009);
* Erik Akerboom [nl]| (1 April 2009 – 1 December 2012);
* Dick Schoof (1 March 2013 – 19 November 2018);
* Pieter-Jaap Aalbersberg [nl] (since 1 February 2019).
# Chibaite

Chibaite is a rare silicate mineral. It is a silica clathrate with formula SiO $_2$•n(CH $_4$,C $_2$H $_6$,C $_3$H $_8$,i-C $_4$H $_{10}$) (n = 3/17 (max)). The mineral is cubic (diploidal class, m3) and the silica hosts or traps various hydrocarbon molecules, such as methane, ethane, propane and isobutane.
Chibaite was first described for specimens collected from Arakawa, Minamibōsō, Chiba Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan. The mineral was approved by the IMA in 2009.
# Christa Lang

Christa Lang-Fuller is a German-American film and television actress and screenwriter. Lang worked frequently with her husband, director Samuel Fuller and is known for such films as White Dog, Dead Pigeon on Beethoven Street, What's Up, Doc?, Land of Plenty, No Fear, No Die, Alphaville, The Big Red One, Nickelodeon and Thieves After Dark.

## Early life

Christa Lang was born in Winterberg, Germany. At age seventeen, Lang moved to France, working in Paris as an au pair and a translator for a textile firm while studying acting.

## Career

Lang made her film debut in the French new wave film The Murderer Knows the Score (1963), and had an uncredited walk-on role in Alphaville (1965). In 1967, she had a supporting part in The Champagne Murders opposite Anthony Perkins, followed by a supporting role in What's Up, Doc? (1972) opposite Barbra Streisand. In 1976, she appeared as Anna Hauptmann in The Lindbergh Kidnapping Case, based on the Lindbergh kidnapping.
She would go on to appear in her husband, Samuel Fuller's film White Dog (1982). In 1981, Lang co-founded Chrisam Films with Fuller. She also appeared in the French film Thieves After Dark (1984), and The Blood of Others (1984), opposite Jodie Foster and Sam Neill.
As a screenwriter, Lang is perhaps best known as the co-writer, with her husband, of the 1994 film Girls in Prison.

## Personal life

Lang was married to director Samuel Fuller from 1967 until his death in 1997. They had one daughter, Samantha Fuller.

## Filmography as actress

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1963 | The Murderer Knows the Score | Christine | |
| 1964 | Code Name: Tiger | La fille avec Dobrovsky | |
| 1965 | Alphaville | 1st Seductress Third Class | uncredited |
| 1965 | Mission spéciale à Caracas | Christelle | |
| 1966 | The Upper Hand | La fille de Mario | |
| 1967 | The Champagne Murders | Paula | |
| 1967 | Réseau secret | Eva | |
| 1969 | Charro! | Christa | |
| 1972 | What's Up, Doc? | Mrs. Hosquith | |
| 1973 | Dead Pigeon on Beethoven Street | Christa | originally a Tatort episode |
| 1975 | At Long Last Love | Pregnant Lady | |
| 1976 | The Lindbergh Kidnapping Case | Anna Hauptmann | television film |
| 1976 | Nickelodeon | Stage Performer | |
| 1980 | The Big Red One | German Countess | uncredited |
| 1982 | White Dog | Nurse | |
| 1984 | Thieves After Dark | Solange | |
| 1984 | The Blood of Others | Femme Allemand fouille | |
| 1984 | Mistral's Daughter | Concierge | miniseries; 4 episodes |
| 1989 | Samuel Fuller's Street of No Return | Nurse | |
| 1990 | Tinikling ou 'La madonne et le dragon' | Mama | |
| 1990 | No Fear, No Die | Toni's mother | |
| 1993 | Les arpenteurs de Montmartre | | |
| 1998 | L. A. Without a Map | Woman on Bus | |
| 2001 | Aizea: City of the Wind | Card Playing Woman | short film |
| 2004 | Land of Plenty | Trailer Park Woman | |
| 2013 | Night of the Templar | Blind Woman | |
| 2017 | The Queen of Hollywood Blvd | Mama | |