OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Choate

Choate may refer to:

## Places
### Canada

* Choate, British Columbia, a locality in the Fraser Canyon of British Columbia, Canada

### United States

* Choate Mental Health and Development Center, a psychiatric hospital in Anna, Illinois
* Choate Rosemary Hall, a prep school in Wallingford, Connecticut
* Choate House (Massachusetts), a historic house on Choate Island in the Crane Wildlife Refuge, Essex, Massachusetts
* Choate Creek, a creek in Michigan
* Choate House (Pleasantville, New York), 1867 house converted into a private sanitarium
* Choate, Texas, a town
* Choate, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
* Choateville, Kentucky, an unincorporated community

## Other uses

* Choate (law), a legal term
* Choate (surname)
# Wawrzynowo

Wawrzynowo is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kościerzyna, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Kościerzyna and 60 km (37 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Parnassus Boicus

The Parnassus Boicus (Bavarian Mountain Muse) was a Bavarian learned society founded in 1722, and the name of a journal published by the society.

## Origins

The society was based on a plan started in 1720 by three Augustinian fathers. Eusebius Amort (1692–1775) was a leading theologian and an opponent of the Jesuits. Gelasius Hieber (1671–1731) was a famous preacher in the German language. Agnellus Kandler (1692–1745) was a genealogist and librarian. The initial plans fell through, but in 1722 they issued the first edition of the Parnassus Boicus, communicating interesting information from the arts and sciences.

## Journal

The scientific periodical Parnassus Boicus began publication in Munich in 1722. The Parnassus Boicus oder Neu-eröffneter Musen-Berg continued publishing until 1740. Between 1722 and 1727 twenty-four issues of the journal appeared, published sporadically. The first issue had issues about Bavarian topography, rulers and ancient laws. Subsequent issues had much broader scope.
In a three-part article that appeared in 1723–24 the journal defended the German language for its periodic and heroic (Heldensprache) qualities. The journal pioneered scientific methods in Germany, with an emphasis on experimental verification. For example, in 1725 the journal published an article attacking alchemy, claiming to give fundamental proof that it was impossible to make gold. Although alchemy remained widely accepted for some time, the investigations proposed by the Parnassus Boicus would destroy the hermetic concepts that it rested on.
Franz Josef Grienwaldt (1708–1743) was a student of Johann Adam Morasch (1682–1734) and Johann Jakob Treiling (1681–1758), professors of medicine at the University of Ingolstadt. Grienwaldt moved to the Protestant University of Altdorf, and received his doctorate in 1732. On the recommendation of Andreas Elias Büchner he was accepted as a member of the Leopoldina Academy. From 1736 to 1740 he was editor of the Parnassus boicus.

## Influence

Although the society closed in 1740, it had lasting impact. On 12 October 1758 the lawyer Johann Georg Lori (1723–1787), Privy Counsellor at the College of Coinage and Mining in Munich, founded the Bayerische Gelehrte Gesellschaft (Learned Society of Bavaria). This led to the foundation on 28 March 1769 of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities, with Count Sigmund von und zu Haimhausen as the first president. The academy's foundation charter specifically mentions the Parnassus Boicus.
# Eaton J. Bowers

Eaton Jackson Bowers (June 17, 1865 – October 26, 1939) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi.
Born in Canton, Mississippi, Bowers attended the public schools, and Mississippi Military Institute at Pass Christian. He studied law and gained admission to the bar in 1883 at the age of seventeen. He practiced in Canton until August 1884, when he moved to Bay St. Louis. There, he engaged in the practice of law and in newspaper work, serving as editor and proprietor of the Gulf Coast Progress at Bay St. Louis. He served as member of the Democratic State executive committee from 1886 to 1900, retiring from the newspaper business in 1890. He served as member of the Mississippi State Senate in 1896, and in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1900. He served as delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1900 and 1916.
Representative Bowers, whose grandson, Samuel Bowers, would co-found the White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, was an explicitly virulent opponent of equality for African Americans. In a speech to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1904, during his freshman term, he said:
   Let me say to the gentleman from Massachusetts that it is evident that we have at least two theories as to how the negro should be dealt with. One may be termed his idea of the development by higher education, social equality, and the like, while the other might be dominated [sic] the Southern idea of the absolute segregation of the two races, the fitting the negro for that sphere and station which, based upon an experience born of more than a century's knowledge of him as a slave and nearly forty years' experience with him as a freedman, we believe he can acceptably and worthily fill, with absolute denial of social intercourse and with every restriction on his participation in political affairs and government that is permissible under the Federal Constitution ... The restriction of suffrage was the wisest statesmanship ever exhibited in that proud Commonwealth ... We have disfranchised not only the ignorant and vicious black but the ignorant and vicious white as well ...
Bowers was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1911). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1910 to the Sixty-second Congress. He resumed the practice of law in Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, Mississippi, moving to New Orleans, Louisiana, and continuing the practice of law until his death there on October 26, 1939.
He was interred in Cedar Rest Cemetery, Bay St. Louis, Mississippi.
# Wiele, Pomeranian Voivodeship

Wiele is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Karsin, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Karsin, 23 km (14 mi) south of Kościerzyna, and 71 km (44 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. It is located in the Zabor Land, a southern part of the ethnocultural region of Kashubia in the historic region of Pomerania.

## History

The village was already established as early as 1300. The area is hampered by poor, sandy soil, which is why the primary crops are rye, hay and potatoes. Wiele was a royal village of the Polish Crown, administratively located in the Tuchola County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. It was annexed by Prussia in the First Partition of Poland in 1772. In 1800 there was a church, saw-mill, bakery and flour mill which defined the Village. In 1835-36 farmers were liberated from serfdom under Prussian Law and a few farms were established. From 1871 the village was part of Germany and then it was restored to Poland, after it regained independence following World War I in 1918. The area is the home of Farmers and Artisans.

## Sights and culture

The museum of Zaborland lies here, displaying local folk art and contemporary Kashubian artistry. The greatest attraction in the area is the Wiele Calvary with station chapels built in 1915.

## Kashubian Emigration to America

During the Kashubian diaspora, many families from Wiele emigrated to the area of Winona, Minnesota in the United States, beginning in the late 1850s. The most famous of Winona's immigrants from Wiele was Hieronim Derdowski, famed Kashubian poet and, after emigration to the United States, editor of the Winona Polish-language newspaper Wiarus. Many also travelled to Wilno, Ontario, Canada and the Brudenell Township.
# Wielki Kamień

Wielki Kamień (Polish pronunciation:) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Nowa Karczma, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north of Nowa Karczma, 16 km (10 mi) east of Kościerzyna, and 37 km (23 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Wilkowo, Człuchów County

Wilkowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koczała, within Człuchów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Koczała, 38 km (24 mi) north-west of Człuchów, and 108 km (67 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Wirty

Wirty is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Zblewo, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Zblewo, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Starogard Gdański, and 56 km (35 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk. In the town there is a 33.61 ha arboretum, Arboretum Wirty that was founded in 1875.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Wodnica-Kolonia

Wodnica-Kolonia is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Ustka, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Ustka, 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Słupsk, and 115 km (71 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Chih Shan Yen Hui Chi Temple

The Chih Shan Yen Hui Chi Temple (traditional Chinese: 芝山巖惠濟宮; simplified Chinese: 芝山岩惠济宫; pinyin: Zhīshānyán Huìjì Gōng) is a temple in Shilin District, Taipei, Taiwan.

## History

The temple was constructed in 1752–1764. Afterwards, it has been rebuilt five times until its current structure stands since 1968. The Lin Shuangwen rebellion broke out in 1786–1788 to fight against the Qing Dynasty by attacking Chi Shan Yen. It resulted the death of many Shilin people near the temple. A table was then erected at the temple to commemorate of the incident.

## Architecture

The temple is built with concrete decorated with stone sculpture. The front hall is dedicated to Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, Kai Zhang Sheng Wang, the upper floor is dedicated to Wenchang Wang and the lower hall is dedicated to Avalokiteśvara.

## Transportation

The temple is accessible within walking distance east of Zhishan Station of Taipei Metro.
# Wosów

Wosów is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Wejherowo, within Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of Wejherowo and 49 km (30 mi) north-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Wrząckie

Wrząckie is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kobylnica, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south-west of Kobylnica, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Słupsk, and 113 km (70 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Pleasant T. Chapman

Pleasant Thomas Chapman (October 8, 1854 – January 31, 1931) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.
Born on a farm near Vienna, Illinois, Chapman attended the public schools, and then went to McKendree College, in Lebanon, Illinois. Chapman graduated from McKendree in June, 1876.
He taught school while studying law, and served as superintendent of public schools of Johnson County from 1877 to 1882.
He was admitted to the bar at Mount Vernon, Illinois, in 1878 and commenced practice in Vienna, Illinois.
He also engaged in banking and in agricultural pursuits. He served as judge of Johnson County from 1882 to 1890. He was a member of the Illinois State Senate from 1890 to 1902.
Chapman was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth. He was reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1905, to March 3, 1911. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1910 to the Sixty-second Congress.
After leaving Congress Chapman resumed his legal, banking, business and farming interests. He was a delegate to the 1924 Republican National Convention.
He died in Vienna on January 31, 1931, and was interred in Vienna's Fraternal Cemetery.
# Wyszecka Huta

Wyszecka Huta is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Luzino, within Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Luzino, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Wejherowo, and 41 km (25 mi) north-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Wędowo

Wędowo is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czersk, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. The town is part of the village of Duży Klonia.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Węgry, Pomeranian Voivodeship

Węgry (German: Wengern) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sztum, within Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Sztum and 49 km (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Zagaje, Kwidzyn County

Zagaje is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Prabuty, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Prabuty, 16 km (10 mi) east of Kwidzyn, and 82 km (51 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Zagórki, Człuchów County

Zagórki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Człuchów, within Człuchów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Człuchów and 109 km (68 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Zalesie, Człuchów County

Zalesie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rzeczenica, within Człuchów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Rzeczenica, 20 km (12 mi) north-west of Człuchów, and 124 km (77 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Zalesin

Zalesin is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Ustka, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Ustka, 22 km (14 mi) north-west of Słupsk, and 126 km (78 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Lagardère Live Entertainment

Lagardère Live Entertainment is an entertainment agency subsidiary of Lagardère Group. The subsidiary was formed as Lagardère Sports and Entertainment by the merger of several brands under the group, including Sportfive; World Sport Group; IEC in Sports; Sports Marketing and Management; and Lagardère Unlimited Inc.
After partial sale of Lagardère Sports in 2020 and subsequent full sale in 2021, the remaining division became Lagardère Live Entertainment.

## History

In 2007, Lagardère Group, via an intermediate holding company Lagardère Sports, acquired the entire share capital of International Events and Communication in Sports (IEC in Sports) and in 2008 acquired about 70% of the stake of World Sport Group Holdings. Lagardère Group also owned Sportfive S.A. since 2006. In 2010, Lagardère Sports became Lagardère Unlimited.
In 2015 Lagardère Unlimited was renamed Lagardère Sports and Entertainment, and the entertainment subdivision was renamed from "Lagardère Unlimited Live Entertainment" to "Lagardère Live Entertainment". All the sports agencies previously under Lagardère Unlimited were renamed to use the brand "Lagardère Sports".
In 2015 Lagardère Live Entertainment acquired société d'exploitation du Bataclan, the organization that operates the Bataclan Theater, one of the sites of the November 2015 Paris attacks.
On 19 January 2016 Lagardère Sports signed a partnership agreement with brand communications firm Sponsorship 360.
On 8 August 2016 Lagardère Sports acquired New York City-based brand communications firm Rooftop2 Productions.
On 1 June 2017, it was announced that Lagardère Sports had sold the naming rights of Juventus Stadium to Allianz for 2017–18 to 2022–23 seasons. Lagardère Sports' predecessor Sportfive purchased the naming rights (and other concession) in 2008 for €75 million and was due to start in 2011–12 season.
In 2021, Lagardère Sports was fully divested (as revived Sportfive) to H.I.G. Capital. H.I.G. Capital already owned 75% of Lagardère Sports since 2020.

### Lagardère Sports Asia

Lagardère Sports Asia, formerly known as World Sport Group, was acquired by Lagardère in 2008 and renamed (and reorganized its subsidiary structure) in 2015. World Sport Group angered many Asian football fans by increasing the price of the broadcasting rights for the FIFA World Cup Qualifiers 2014 (Asia Region), meaning home fans in South Korea could not watch their international team. Also, expatriate Iranian fans could not watch the match in Europe or the Americas.
The company also formed a joint venture with the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) for the AFC Asian Cup in 2011. It also runs a media channel for the AFC.
# Desmond Whittaker

Desmond Whittaker (9 September 1925 – 1966) was an Indian cricketer. He played one first-class match for Bengal in 1954/55.
# Nanxi, Chongqing

Nanxi (Chinese: 南溪; pinyin: Nánxī) is a town in Yunyang County, Chongqing, China. As of 2020, it had five residential neighborhoods and 29 villages under its administration.

## Neighborhoods

* Nanxi Community
* Shuishi Community (水市社区)
* Changhong Community (长洪社区)
* Xinyang Community (新阳社区)
* Weixing Community (卫星社区)

## Villages

* Huaguo Village (花果村)
* Jinyin Village (金银村)
* Shuishi Village (水市村)
* Tianhe Village (天河村)
* Huomai Village (火脉村)
* Qingyun Village (青云村)
* Fangjia Village (方家村)
* Guixi Village (桂溪村)
* Qingyin Village (青印村)
* Jixian Village (吉仙村)
* Yanqu Village (盐渠村)
* Hongyan Village (红岩村)
* Gongqiao Village (拱桥村)
* Daji Village (大吉村)
* Xilin Village (西林村)
* Fuqiao Village (福桥村)
* Pushan Village (蒲山村)
* Xiyun Village (西云村)
* Xinyang Village (新阳村)
* Tapeng Village (塔棚村)
* Nanmu Village (南木村)
* Huanggao Village (黄高村)
* Yandong Village (盐东村)
* Fujia Village (富家村)
* Shiqu Village (石渠村)
* Qingshan Village (青山村)
* Mao'erliang Village (猫儿梁村)
* Hongshi Village (宏实村)
* Ping'an Village (平安村)
# 1986 in hip-hop

This article summarizes the events, album releases, and album release dates in hip hop music for the year 1986.

## Released albums

| Release Date | Artist | Album |
| March 2 | Grandmaster Flash | The Source |
| March 15 | UTFO | Skeezer Pleezer |
| March 31 | Boogie Boys | Survival of the Freshest |
| April 29 | Whodini | Back in Black |
| May 6 | The Fat Boys | Big & Beautiful |
| May 27 | Run-D.M.C. | Raising Hell |
| June 15 | Kurtis Blow | Kingdom Blow |
| June 15 | Whistle | Whistle |
| July 7 | Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew | Oh My God! |
| July 25 | Steady B | Bring the Beat Back |
| July 25 | 2 Live Crew | The 2 Live Crew Is What We Are |
| August 13 | MC Hammer | Feel My Power |
| September 2 | LA Dream Team | Kings of the West Coast |
| November 5 | Too Short | Raw, Uncut and X-Rated |
| November 15 | Beastie Boys | Licensed to Ill |
| December 1 | Afrika Bambaataa & Soul Sonic Force | Planet Rock: The Album |
| December 8 | Salt-n-Pepa | Hot, Cool & Vicious |
| Unknown | Bobby Jimmy and the Critters | Roaches: The Beginning |
| Unknown | Egyptian Lover | One Track Mind |
| Unknown | Lovebug Starski | House Rocker |
| Unknown | Just-Ice | Back to the Old School |
| Unknown | Kool Moe Dee | Kool Moe Dee |
| Unknown | Mantronix | Music Madness |
| Unknown | M.C. Chill | M.C. Chill |
| Unknown | The Skinny Boys | Weightless |
| Unknown | The World's Famous Supreme Team | Rappin' |
| Unknown | World Class Wrecking Cru | Rapped in Romance |
| Unknown | Warp 9 | Fade in, Fade Out |
| Unknown | Stetsasonic | On Fire |
| Unknown | Schoolly D | Saturday Night! – The Album |
| Unknown | Rappers Convention | Rappers Convention |
| Unknown | Various Artists | Mr. Magic's Rap Attack Volume 2 |
| Unknown | Various Artists | Uptown Is Kickin' It |

## Highest-charting singles

Hip hop singles from any year which charted in the 1986 Top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100 :
| Song | Artist | Project | Peak position |
| "Walk This Way" | Run-D.M.C. featuring Aerosmith | Raising Hell | 4 |
| "You Be Illin'" | Run-D.M.C. | Raising Hell | 29 |
# Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller

Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller (25 April 1725 – 5 January 1776) was a German zoologist.
Statius Müller was born in Esens, and was a professor of natural science at Erlangen. Between 1773 and 1776, he published a German translation of Linnaeus's Natursystem. The supplement in 1776 contained the first scientific classification for a number of species, including the dugong, guanaco, potto, tricolored heron, umbrella cockatoo, red-vented cockatoo, and the enigmatic hoatzin. He was also an entomologist.
Müller died in Erlangen.
He is not to be confused with Salomon Müller (1804–1864), also an ornithologist, or with Otto Friedrich Müller.

## Works

* Statius Müller, P. L. 1776. Des Ritters Carl von Linné Königlich Schwedischen Leibarztes &c. &c. vollständigen Natursystems Supplements- und Register-Band über alle sechs Theile oder Classen des Thierreichs. Mit einer ausführlichen Erklärung. Nebst drey Kupfertafeln.Nürnberg. (Raspe).
# Susan Antoft

Susan Antoft (born 30 July 1954) is a Canadian rower. She competed in the women's eight event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Josuë Dupon

Josuë Dupon (22 May 1864 – 13 October 1935) was a Belgian sculptor. He was born in Ichtegem and died in Antwerp. In 1936, he was posthumously awarded with a bronze medal in the art competitions of the Olympic Games for his "Equestrian Medals".