OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nadine Anstatt

Nadine Anstatt (born 14 May 1995) is a German footballer who plays as a midfielder for 1. FSV Mainz 05.
# Pistol dueling

Pistol dueling was a competitive sport developed around 1900 which involved opponents shooting at each other using dueling pistols adapted to fire wax bullets. The sport was briefly popular among some members of the metropolitan upper classes in the US, UK and France. Although the bullets were made of soft wax they could inflict significant damage to exposed flesh. For this reason the competitors wore heavy protective clothing and guards. The sport was demonstrated at the 1908 Olympic Games but did not survive the First World War. It may be seen as a precursor of the modern sport of paintball.

## History

Fencing, or sport dueling with swords, has existed at least since the Middle Ages and featured in the first Olympic Games of 1896. In 1901, Dr. John Paul Devillers, a French target shooter, developed a wax bullet specifically designed to allow non-fatal or sport pistol dueling between opponents. Devillers developed a mask to protect the face and persuaded the French gun making firm Piot-Lepage to manufacture appropriate weapons. In 1904, he founded La Societé de l'Assaut au Pistolet, effectively the first pistol sport dueling club.
By 1905, the club had over 100 members including Cosmo Duff Gordon, Walter Winans and Frances's ex-president Casimir-Perier. Clubs were also established in the UK and US.
In 1908, pistol sport dueling was demonstrated at the London Olympics. In 1909, a match was conducted outside the Carnegie Hall in New York.
The sport continued into the second decade of the 20th century but became outmoded after the First World War. As stated by V.G. Kiernan, a historian of dueling, "the First World War may not have been the war to end all wars, but it was perhaps the duel to end all duels."

## Rules

Competitors wore a face mask incorporating a heavy plate glass visor. Leather or heavy cloth overgarments protected the body. The pistols included a steel shield similar to that found on an épée to protect the shooter’s hand. The two competitors, would stand at a distance of twenty or twenty-five yards (18 or 23 meters) apart, each armed with a pistol carrying a single charge and wax bullet. Each duelist was accompanied by a commissaire de tir who would perform the role of Second and also use a stopwatch to measure the time taken for their duelist to fire. A director asked the duelists:
"Are you ready?"
At this question the competitors were to cock their weapons, then reply:
"Yes." Both must answer.
The director then gave the words:
"Fire! One!—Two!—Three!"
Each competitor had to aim and fire between the first sound of the word "fire" and the last of the word "three".
# Nastassja Lein

Nastassja Lein (born 13 February 2001) is a German footballer who plays as a midfielder for 1. FC Nürnberg.
# Neele Eckhardt

Neele Eckhardt-Noack (born 2 July 1992) is a German triple jumper. She competed in the women's triple jump at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Germany ||||||
| 2009 | World Youth Championships | Brixen, Italy | 12th | Long jump | 5.81 m |
| 2009 | World Youth Championships | Brixen, Italy | 10th | Triple jump | 12.61 m |
| 2010 | World Junior Championships | Moncton, Canada | 8th | Triple jump | 12.91 m (w) |
| 2013 | European U23 Championships | Tampere, Finland | 8th | Triple jump | 13.16 m |
| 2017 | European Indoor Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 18th (q) | Triple jump | 13.22 m |
| 2017 | World Championships | London, United Kingdom | 12th | Triple jump | 13.97 m |
| 2017 | Universiade | Taipei, Taiwan | 1st | Triple jump | 13.91 m |
| 2018 | World Indoor Championships | Birmingham, United Kingdom | 13th | Triple jump | 13.87 m |
| 2018 | European Championships | Berlin, Germany | 10th | Triple jump | 14.01 m |
| 2021 | European Indoor Championships | Toruń, Poland | 3rd | Triple jump | 14.52 m |
| 2021 | Olympic Games | Tokyo, Japan | 13th (q) | Triple jump | 14.20 m |
| 2022 | World Indoor Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 12th | Triple jump | 13.96 m |
| 2022 | World Championships | Eugene, United States | 20th (q) | Triple jump | 13.93 m |
| 2022 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 4th | Triple jump | 14.43 m |
# Olivia Norris

Olivia Norris (born 17 September 1983) is a German female javelin thrower, who won an individual gold medal (52.03 m) at the 1st Youth World Championships - Bydgoszcz (Poland) .
# Ornella Wahner

Ornella Wahner (born 19 February 1993) is a German amateur boxer who won gold medals at the 2011 Youth and Junior World Championships and the 2018 World Championships, defeating Sonia Chahal 4–1 in the final to become the first German amateur world champion boxer. She is coached by Michael Timm.
# Patrizia Barucha

Patrizia Barucha (born 7 April 1983) is a retired German football striker.
She won the 2005–06 UEFA Women's Cup with 1. FFC Frankfurt. She was also a squad member for the 2002 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship.
# Pia-Sophie Wolter

Pia-Sophie Wolter (born 13 November 1997) is a German footballer who plays as a midfielder for Eintracht Frankfurt and the Germany national team.

## Club career

Wolter started playing soccer at Habenhauser FV in 2006, having previously played handball. In 2011 she moved to the youth department of Werder Bremen, with whose C-Juniors she became North German Champion in 2012 and for the B-Juniors from the 2012–13 season in the newly founded Bundesliga North/Northeast was used. On March 23, 2014 (matchday 15) she made her debut for the women's team in the 2nd Bundesliga North in the 0–1 home defeat against 1. FC Lübars and scored on May 25, 2014 (matchday 21) in the 3 1–1 away win against FF USV Jena II, scoring their first goal in the final. In 2014–15 she was an integral part of the team and was used in 21 of 22 league games. As runners-up, she managed to get promoted to the Bundesliga with the team at the end of the season, since champions 1. FC Lübars decided against promotion. After the season, she was also voted Player of the Season by fans. On August 30, 2015 (Day 1), she made her debut in a 6–2 win at home against co-promoted 1. FC Köln in the Bundesliga from the start.
For the 2018–19 season, Wolter switched to VfL Wolfsburg.

## International career

Wolter made her national debut in March 2015 in La Manga, Spain, when she made three appearances for the U19 national team as part of a "Three Nations Tournament". Four months later, she was part of Germany's 18-player squad for the U19 European Championship, appearing in all four games there, including three as a late substitute. In the semi-final against Sweden, she was in the starting XI, but lost to the eventual European Champions on penalties.
She was first called up to the senior national team for a game against England that was set to take place on October 27, 2020. However, the game was canceled by the English association on October 25 because a member of the coaching staff tested positive for the coronavirus. She made her senior international debut on 1 December 2020 in Dublin in the final Group I European Championship qualifier in a 3–1 win over the Ireland national team.
Wolter made her international debut for Germany on 1 December 2020, coming on as a substitute in the 61st minute for Kathrin Hendrich against the Republic of Ireland. The away match finished as a 3–1 win for Germany.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of 2 December 2024
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Germany | 2020 | 1 | 0 |
| Germany | 2024 | 6 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 7 | 0 |

## Honours

VfL Wolfsburg
* Frauen-Bundesliga: 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22
* DFB-Pokal Frauen: 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23
Werder Bremen
* 2. Frauen-Bundesliga: 2016–17; Promotion: 2014–15
Germany
* UEFA Women's Nations League third place: 2023–24
# Ria Sabay

Ria Sabay (née Dörnemann; born 26 September 1985) is a former German female tennis player.
Sabay has won 5 doubles titles on the ITF tour in her career. On 25 February 2008, she reached her best singles ranking of world number 347. On 12 May 2008, she peaked at world number 238 in the doubles rankings. Sabay made her WTA tour debut at the 2006 Nordic Light Open. Sabay retirement from professional tennis 2013.

## ITF finals
### Singles (0–1)

* Legend
* $100,000 tournaments
* $75,000 tournaments
* $50,000 tournaments
* $25,000 tournaments
* $10,000 tournaments
* Finals by surface
* Hard (0–1)
* Clay (0–0)
* Grass (0–0)
* Carpet (0–0)
| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Runner-up | 1. | 3 June 2007 | Istanbul, Turkey | Hard | Çağla Büyükakçay | 4–6, 3–6 |

### Doubles (5–4)

* Legend
* $100,000 tournaments
* $75,000 tournaments
* $50,000 tournaments
* $25,000 tournaments
* $10,000 tournaments
* Finals by surface
* Hard (3–4)
* Clay (2–0)
* Grass (0–0)
* Carpet (0–0)
| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Winner | 1. | 14 March 2006 | Sheffield, United Kingdom | Hard (i) | Andrea Sieveke | Melissa Berry Lindsay Cox | 7–6$^{(9–7)}$, 6–3 |
| Winner | 2. | 28 August 2006 | Istanbul, Turkey | Hard | Emily Webley-Smith | Irina Khatsko Mariya Malkhasyan | W/O |
| Winner | 3. | 18 September 2006 | Tbilisi, Georgia | Clay | Ksenia Palkina Ulukan | Varvara Galanina Liudmila Nikoyan | 6–4, 3–6, 6–0 |
| Runner-up | 1. | 14 March 2007 | Sunderland, Great Britain | Hard (i) | Emily Webley-Smith | Anna Hawkins Jane O'Donoghue | 4–6, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, 3–6 |
| Runner-up | 2. | 9 April 2007 | Dubai, United Arab Emirates | Hard | Pemra Özgen | Kateryna Avdiyenko Kristina Grigorian | 2–6, 1–6 |
| Winner | 4. | 2 June 2007 | Istanbul, Turkey | Hard | Çağla Büyükakçay | Maja Kambič Avgusta Tsybysheva | 6–2, 6–4 |
| Runner-up | 3. | 3 July 2007 | Valladolid, Spain | Hard | Justine Ozga | Nuria Llagostera Vives Arantxa Parra Santonja | 0–6, 2–6 |
| Runner-up | 4. | 30 July 2007 | Vigo, Spain | Hard | Justine Ozga | Estrella Cabeza Candela Carla Suárez Navarro | 1–6, 6–4, 3–6 |
| Winner | 5. | 17 September 2007 | Telavi, Georgia | Clay | Ksenia Palkina Ulukan | Vasilisa Davydova Marina Shamayko | 6–2, 6–2 |
# Sandra Krege

Sandra Krege (born 31 August 1987) is a German chess player who won Open German Women's Chess Championship (2004) and German Women's Chess Championship (2005).

## Youth Tournaments

In 1998, Sandra Krege became vice champion of the girls at the German Youth Chess Championships in group U11, behind Friederike Wolk and ahead of Maria Schöne. A year later she played at the World Youth Chess Championship 1999 in the age group U12 girls in Oropesa del Mar, which Nana Dzagnidze won.
In 1999 in Dresden Sandra Krege took part an international match for the U14 girls between England and Germany. In 2000 she played in a country comparison in London, which was played with 2 teams of four: U14 girls (Franziska Beltz, Sarah Brethauer, Sandra Krege, [Maria Schöne) and U12 girls (Judith Fuchs, Annett Hofmann, Melanie Ohme, Anne Reiske).
At the Girls World Chess Championship in group U14, in 2000 in Oropesa del Mar she scored 6.5 out of 11. In 2001 at the German Youth Chess Championship for girls U14 in Willingen she came second behind Maria Schöne. In the German Youth Chess Championships for girls U16 in 2002 in Winterberg, which Maria Schöne won, she took 6th place. She was also in 6th place in 2003 in the same age group in Willingen, Helene Romakin was first. In 2004 she played at the German Youth Chess Championship for girls in age group U18 in Willingen and came 6th again, Stefanie Schulz won the championship.

## Open and women's tournaments

She played her first Open in 1998 in Kassel and got 2.5 points from 7 games, Bernd Rechel won ahead of Lev Gutman and Viesturs Meijers. In 2003 she competed for Saxony-Anhalt at the German Women's Team Championship of the State Associations in Naumburg.
In 2004 she won the 'Open German Women's Chess Championship in Osterburg in front of Tatiana Melamed. In 2005 she was first at the German Women's Chess Championship in Bad Königshofen ahead of Luba Kopylov.

## Chess Women's Bundesliga

Sandra Krege played in the 1. Chess Women's Bundesliga in the Season 2001/02 and from the Season 2004/05 to the Season 2007/08 as a guest player for the Volksbank Halle (from 2006 USV Volksbank Halle), with whom she in 2007 won the Chess Women's Bundesliga.
# Ministry of Environment (Poland)

Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Poland was formed in 1973 to administer issues related to environment protection of Poland.
The ministry existed under various names since 1972. It has assumed its current name in 1999.
The last Polish Minister of Environment was Michał Woś.
# List of Ghanaian poets

Notable poets from Ghana include:

## A

* Kobena Eyi Acquah (b. 1952)
* Apiorkor Seyiram Ashong-Abbey (b. 1988)
* P. A. K. Aboagye (1925–2001)
* Geormbeeyi Adali-Mortty (b. 1916)
* Padmore Enyonam Agbemabiese (b. 1965)
* Ama Ata Aidoo (1940–2023)
* Kofi Anyidoho (b. 1947)
* Raphael Armattoe (1913–1953)
* Kofi Awoonor (1935–2013)

## B

* J. Benibengor Blay (b. 1915)
* Kwesi Brew (1928–2007)
* Nana Brew-Hammond (living)
* Abena Busia (b. 1953)
* Akosua Busia (b. 1966)

## C

* Gladys Casely-Hayford (1901–1950)
* Chief Moomen (born 1990)

## D

* Nana Awere Damoah (b. 1975)
* Lawrence Darmani (b. 1956)
* Kwame Dawes (b. 1962)
* Joe de Graft (1924–1978)
* Michael Dei-Anang (1909–1977)
* Amu Djoleto (b. 1929)
* Cameron Duodu (b. 1937)

## K

* Ellis Ayitey Komey (1927–1972)
* Koo Kumi (b. 1994)
* Benjamin Kwakye (b. 1967)

## L

* Kojo Laing (1946–2017)

## M

* Mr. Poetivist (b. 1998)

## O

* Atukwei Okai (1941–2018)

## P

* Frank Kobina Parkes (1923–2004)
* Nii Parkes (b. 1974)

## S

* Efua Sutherland (1924–1996)
# Dinky (film)

Dinky is a 1935 American drama film directed by D. Ross Lederman.

## Plot

A crooked businessman skips town, leaving his secretary, Martha Daniels, to take the blame for his illegal business dealings. Faced with a prison term, Martha sends her son, "Dinky," to a military academy to spare him the social disgrace.

## Cast

* Jackie Cooper as Dinky Daniels
* Mary Astor as Mrs. Martha Daniels
* Roger Pryor as Tom Marsden
* Henry Armetta as Tony Karamazo, the junkman
* Betty Jean Hainey as Mary
* Henry O'Neill as Colonel Barnes
* Jimmy Butler as Cadet Lane
* George Ernest as Jojo
* Edith Fellows as Sally
* Sidney Miller as Sammy
* Richard Quine as Jackie Shaw
# Mentha darvasica

Mentha darvasica is a mint species within the genus Mentha, native to Darvaz, Tajikistan. The species was recorded by Russian botanist Antonina Borissova in 1954.

## Taxonomy

While it is accepted as a distinct species by authorities such as Plants of the World Online, some authors have treated Mentha darvasica as a synonym of Mentha longifolia.

## Description

A perennial species, Mentha darvasica grows stems 20–30 centimeters long, and propagates via rhizomes. It produces ovate to oblong-ovate leaves of 1 to 3 centimeters.

## Use

Mentha darvasica has been reported to have anthelmintic (antiparasitic) characteristics. It has been used against the nematodes Bunostomum, Chabertia ovina and Trichostrongylidae.
# Julius Gellner

Julius Gellner (born 25 April 1899, in Saaz, Austria-Hungary; died 24 October 1983, in London), was one of the most famous German-speaking theatre directors of the 1920s. Between 1924 and 1933, he was superintendent (Oberspielleiter) and vice-director of the Munich theater "Münchner Kammerspiele im Schauspielhaus". He was the uncle of the British philosopher and social scientist Ernest Gellner.

## Biography

Julius Gellner was the ninth child of Anna (née Löbl) and Max Gellner. The family later moved from Saaz to Prague, where Julius apprenticed as a bank clerk. His strong affinity for acting became apparent during this time after he joined an amateur theatre group.
Once he had accumulated enough savings to jump into the theatre world, he moved to Würzburg in 1918. After some initial difficulties, he managed to get a position as an actor and an opportunity to prove himself on the stage. In the course of his nascent acting career, he also took positions in Berlin and Düsseldorf. In Düsseldorf he was discovered by the director of the Munich Kammerspiele, Otto Falckenberg, who took him to Munich in 1921.
# Earth Mama

Earth Mama is a 2023 drama film directed and written by Savanah Leaf, based on the short film The Heart Still Hums by Leaf and Taylor Russell. It was released theatrically in the United States on July 7, 2023, by A24 and in the United Kingdom on December 8, 2023, by We Are Parable. It won the Outstanding British Debut award at the 2024 BAFTAs and was named one of the top 10 independent films of 2023 by the National Board of Review.

## Premise

A pregnant single mother, with two children in foster care, embraces her Bay Area community as she fights to reclaim her family.

## Cast

* Tia Nomore as Gia
* Erika Alexander as Miss Carmen
* Keta Price as Mel
* Doechii as Trina
* Sharon Duncan-Brewster as Monica
* Bokeem Woodbine as Paul
* Olivia Luccardi as Alexis
* Dominic Fike as Miles

## Release

Earth Mama had its world premiere at the 2023 Sundance Film Festival on January 20, 2023. The film was released in the United States by A24 on July 7, 2023.

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 97% of 58 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.7/10. The website's consensus reads: "Heavy yet hopeful, Earth Mama is a moving look at single motherhood on the margins that features outstanding work from writer-director Savanah Leaf and star Tia Nomore." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 84 out of 100, based on 24 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".
Ronda Racha Penrice of TheWrap praised the film, noting first-time director Savanah Leaf's "ability to transmit great emotional depth in small snapshots." Lovia Gyarkye of The Hollywood Reporter described it as "a quiet film, but it never once loosens its grip," and that it "operates on an intimate register, a level that speaks to its characters instead of about them."

### Accolades

| Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipient(s) | Result |
| British Academy Film Awards | February 18, 2024 | Outstanding Debut by a British Writer, Director or Producer | Savanah Leaf, Shirley O'Connor, Medb Riordan | Won |
| British Independent Film Awards | December 3, 2023 | Best Lead Performance | Tia Nomore | Nominated |
| British Independent Film Awards | December 3, 2023 | Best Casting | Salome Oggenfuss, Geraldine Barón, and Abby Harri | Nominated |
| British Independent Film Awards | December 3, 2023 | Douglas Hickox Award (Best Debut Director) | Savanah Leaf | Won |
| Independent Spirit Awards | February 25, 2024 | Best First Feature | Savanah Leaf | Nominated |
| Independent Spirit Awards | February 25, 2024 | Best Breakthrough Performance | Tia Nomore | Nominated |
| National Board of Review | December 6, 2023 | Top Ten Independent Films | Earth Mama | Won |
| San Francisco Bay Area Film Critics Circle | January 9, 2024 | Special Citation for Independent Cinema | Earth Mama | Won |
# Ted Koffman

Theodore 'Ted' S. Koffman (born October 28, 1944) is an American politician from Maine. A Democrat from Bar Harbor, Koffman served in the Maine House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008. He was unable to seek re-election in 2008 due to term-limits. Koffman served as co-chair of the Natural Resources Committee from 2002 to 2008.
Koffman worked as the Director of Government and Community Relations at College of the Atlantic from 1976 to 2008. In 2009, he joined the Maine Audubon Society. He retired from Maine Audubon, May 1, 2014. He ran for the Maine Senate in 2014, but lost the general election to Brian Langley. He ran again in 2016, but lost the Democratic primary.

## Personal

Koffman was born in 1944 in Morristown, New Jersey. He earned an A.A. from Franconia College in 1966 and with a B.A. from Bloomfield College in 1968. He later earned a M.A. from Goddard College.
# Charles E. Littlefield

Charles Edgar Littlefield (June 21, 1851 – May 2, 1915) was a United States representative from Maine.

## Biography

Littlefield was born in Lebanon, Maine on June 21, 1851. He attended the common schools and Foxcroft Academy. He studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Rockland. Littlefield served as a fellow at Bates College from 1899 to 1915.
He was elected a member of the Maine House of Representatives 1885–1887 and served as speaker the last year. He was elected Attorney General 1889–1893. He was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions in 1892 and 1896. He was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Nelson Dingley, Jr. Littlefield was reelected to the four succeeding Congresses and served from June 19, 1899, until his resignation, effective September 30, 1908. He was Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Agriculture (Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Congresses).
He moved to New York City and engaged in the practice of law until his death there on May 2, 1915. His interment is in Achorn Cemetery in Rockland.
# St. Louis Film Critics Association Award for Best Adapted Screenplay

The St. Louis Film Critics Association Award for Best Adapted Screenplay is an annual film award given by the St. Louis Film Critics Association since 2010. Together with the St. Louis Film Critics Association Award for Best Original Screenplay, it replaced the integrated St. Louis Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay (2004–2009).

## Winners
### 2010s

| Year | Winner | Writer(s) | Source |
| 2010 | The Social Network | Aaron Sorkin | The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich |
| 2011 | The Descendants | Alexander Payne, Nat Faxon, and Jim Rash | novel by Kaui Hart Hemmings |
| 2012 | Lincoln (tie) | Tony Kushner | Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln by Doris Kearns Goodwin |
| Silver Linings Playbook (tie) | David O. Russell | novel by Matthew Quick |
| 2013 | 12 Years a Slave | John Ridley | memoir by Solomon Northup |
| 2014 | Gone Girl | Gillian Flynn | novel by Gillian Flynn |
| 2015 | The Martian | Drew Goddard | novel by Andy Weir |
| 2016 | Love & Friendship | Whit Stillman | Lady Susan by Jane Austen |
| 2017 | The Disaster Artist | Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber | book by Greg Sestero and Tom Bissell |
| 2018 | BlacKkKlansman | Spike Lee, David Rabinowitz, Charlie Wachtel, and Kevin Willmott | The memoir Black Klansman by Ron Stallworth |
| 2019 | The Irishman | Steven Zaillian | I Heard You Paint Houses by Charles Brandt |

### 2020s

| Year | Winner | Writer(s) | Source |
| 2020 | I'm Thinking of Ending Things | Charlie Kaufman | novel by Iain Reid |
| 2021 | The Power of the Dog | Jane Campion | novel by Thomas Savage |
| 2022 | She Said | Rebecca Lenkiewicz | book by Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey, and the New York Times investigation by Kantor, Twohey, and Rebecca Corbett |
| 2023 | Oppenheimer | Christopher Nolan | American Prometheus by Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin |
| 2024 | Conclave | Peter Straughan | novel by Robert Harris |
# Mawan

Mawan may refer to the following towns in China:
* Ma Wan, Hong Kong
* Mawan, Guizhou (麻万镇), in Dushan County
* Mawan, Hubei (马湾镇), in Tianmen, Hubei
* Mawan language, a Madang language of Papua New Guinea