OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gallowglass (TV series)

Gallowglass is a 1993 British television mystery serial adaptation of the 1990 Ruth Rendell novel of the same name. It is a three-part miniseries.

## Plot

Joe is saved by Sandor from committing suicide in front of an oncoming tube train. Sandor now demands his absolute loyalty and teaches Joe that he is now a 'gallowglass', a servant of a chief. So deep is Joe's gratitude that he helps with the kidnapping of a young wealthy married woman, Nina, whom Sandor is obsessed with. His adoptive sister Tilly is also involved in the plot, which also involves the abduction of the daughter of Nina's bodyguard.
Nina and the child are both released when the ransom is paid, and soon after this Sandor jumps to his death into the path of a train as Joe watches. Nina is then lured to her death by Gianni, a former gay partner of Sandor, and her body is found buried in woodland a few days later. Sandor's mother, who had no other children, then accepts Joe as her second son, and he begins a relationship with Tilly.

## Cast

* Michael Sheen – Joe
* Paul Rhys – Sandor
* Arkie Whiteley – Nina
* John McArdle – Paul
* Claire Hackett – Tilly
* Gary Waldhorn – Ralph Apsoland
* Harriet Owen – Jessica

## Reception

A review in the Los Angeles Times stated that the series was "driven largely by Rhys’ seething energy as the dangerous Sandor, with support from Sheen’s slothful, spineless Joe. Even they cannot adrenalize a laborious section of Part 3 that stalls the story, but director Tim Fywell (“A Dark Adapted Eye”) gets it all together in time for a multiple-twist ending that is interestingly complex if not entirely logical." Described as "a moody TV mystery", it has been found to be "Not one of the better BBC adaptations of a Ruth Rendell novel".
# Bastian, Virginia

Bastian is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Bland County, Virginia, United States. Bastian is 4 miles (6 km) north-northwest of Bland. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 343. Bastian has a post office with ZIP code 24314.

## History

The small Appalachian town of Bastian, Virginia was first settled between the years of 1905 and 1908. Bastian was originally named Parkersburg after Parker Hornbarger, who along with Jack Hager owned most of the land the town was built upon. Much of this land was later owned by both James Starks and Eli Leedy. The name "Bastian" came from the manager of Bland County's only railroad, F.E. Bastian. The children of Bastian attended a one room schoolhouse until 1923 when a larger school was built. Schools located near Hunting Camp Creek accommodated local students until then. With the arrival of the Virginia Hardwood Lumber Company in 1927, Bastian's population greatly increased. This increase made additional classrooms a necessity. Several small schools were built during this time. It was not until 1955, however, that the modern brick Bastian Elementary school building was built at the cost of $112,215.79. This building now serves as the Bland County Schoolboard Office.
Bastian has been home to many business and industries over the years. The W.F. White Lumber Company, the G.W. Miller Mining Planing Mill, the Canva Mining Company (manganese), the C&A Lumber Company, and the Tultex Sewing Factory have all operated in the town. The Virginia Hardwood Lumber Company operated a large double-band sawmill in Bastian from 1927 to 1944, employing 350 workers at their peak production. Today General Injectables and Vaccines, a wholesale pharmaceuticals company, is one of the major employers. In the 1930s, Bastian was home to one of the most distinguished CCC camps of the New Deal, and thousands of young men passed through its doors.
As the lumber industry grew, new methods of transporting the materials were needed. In 1912, the New River, Holston, and Western Railroad company built a new railroad to Rocky Gap, Virginia. In 1914, W.E. Mingea Jr. of Abingdon, Virginia, who owned all the big survey in Bland County, decided to build the railroad from Bastian to Suiter. This new rail line ran from Narrows, Virginia, up through the communities of Niday, Round Bottom, and Rocky Gap. It continued from there to Hicksville, Bastian, and Suiter. This train served many purposes, including transporting passengers, until it was discontinued in 1946.
In the early 1930s, Bastian became the first town in Bland County to use electricity. They received it from the generator of the Virginia Hardwood Lumber Co. Their massive generator produced enough electricity to run both the company and the town.
By the mid-1940s the CCC camp, Virginia Hardwood Lumber Company, and the railroad had all closed down.
In the early 1970s, Interstate 77 was constructed with its path lying just east of Bastian.

## Demographics

Bastian first appeared as a census designated place in the 2020 U.S. Census.
# Al-Qūaīrah

Al-Qūaīrah (Arabic: القويرة) is one of the districts of Aqaba governorate, Jordan.
# Lüderitz Airport

Lüderitz Airport (IATA: LUD, ICAO: FYLZ) is an airport serving Lüderitz, a town in the ǁKaras Region of Namibia. The airport is about 9 km (6 mi) southeast of the center of Lüderitz, on the B4 road.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| FlyNamibia | Windhoek–Eros |
# Sala Krau District

Sala Krau (Khmer: សាលាក្រៅ, Saléa Krau) is a district located in Pailin Province, western Cambodia. The district is subdivided into 4 communes and 43 villages. According to the 1998 census of Cambodia, it had a population of 7,106.
There is an official road international border crossing with Thailand in this district located at Phsar Prum. The border crossing is connected with Pailin by National Road 57. The checkpoint on the Thai side is called the Ban Phakkat Permanent Border Crossing (Thai: จุดผ่านแดนถาวรบ้านผักกาด) and is located in Khlong Yai sub-district, Pong Nam Ron district, Chanthaburi province.
| Sangkat (Communes) | Krom (Villages) |
| Sala Krau | Spung, Veal, Tuol, Leav, Kuy, Ou Ressey Kroam, Kok Keo, Sre An Tak |
| Stueng Trang | Thnal Bat, Stueng Trang, Phnum Krenh, Ou Kunthy Dova, Baysei, Phnum Preal, Dei Saeit, Ou Doun Ta Kroam, Ou Don Ta Loeu, Prey Chun Teas, Phteas Sbouv (Phteah sbov), Koun Damrei, Toul Khos, Anlong Reaksa, Tomnob, Dei Sa Thma |
| Stueng Kach | Kngak, Ta Ngen Kraom, Ou Beng, Bos S'am, Doung, Stueng Kach, Boeng Prolit, Sla, Rathkraoh Chheh, Tuek Chenh, Ou Ro El, Phsar Prum, Ou Chheu Kram |
| Ou Andoung | Thnal Totueng, Koun Phnum, Thnal Kaeng, Boeng Trakuon, O Andoang, Ou Ressey Loeu |
# 2015 World U-17 Hockey Challenge

The 2015 World Under-17 Hockey Challenge was an ice hockey tournament held in Dawson Creek and Fort St. John, British Columbia, Canada between November 5 and 11. The World Under-17 Hockey Challenge is held by Hockey Canada annually to showcase young hockey talent from across Canada and other strong hockey countries.

## Challenge results
### Preliminary round
#### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | OTW | OTL | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 7 | +12 | 9 |
| Czech Republic | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 12 | −5 | 4 |
| Canada White | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 13 | −1 | 3 |
| Canada Black | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 14 | −6 | 2 |

##### Results
#### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | OTW | OTL | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Canada Red | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 5 | +6 | 8 |
| Finland | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 9 | +4 | 6 |
| Russia | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 12 | −1 | 4 |
| Sweden | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 15 | −9 | 0 |

### Play Offs

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | | Final | Final |
| 5 November | 5 November | | | |
| United States | 4 | | | |
| United States | 4 | 7 November | 7 November | | |
| Sweden | 5 | 7 November | 7 November | |
| Sweden | 5 | Sweden | 1 | |
| 6 November | 6 November | | Sweden | 1 | |
| 6 November | 6 November | Canada White | 2 | |
| Finland | 2 | Canada White | 2 | |
| Finland | 2 | | | | 8 November | 8 November |
| Canada White | 4 | | | | 8 November | 8 November |
| Canada White | 4 | | | | Canada White | 6 |
| 5 November | 5 November | | | | | Canada White | 6 |
| 5 November | 5 November | | | | Russia | 2 |
| Canada Red | 3 | | | | Russia | 2 |
| Canada Red | 3 | 7 November | 7 November | | | |
| Canada Black | 2 | 7 November | 7 November | | | |
| Canada Black | 2 | Canada Red | 2 | | | |
| 6 November | 6 November | | Canada Red | 2 | | | |
| 6 November | 6 November | Russia | 3 SO | | Third place | Third place |
| Czech Republic | 1 | Russia | 3 SO | | Third place | Third place |
| Czech Republic | 1 | | | | 8 November | 8 November |
| Russia | 6 | | | | 8 November | 8 November |
| Russia | 6 | | | | Sweden | 3 |
| | | | | | Canada Red | 0 |

## Final standings

| | Team |
| | Canada White |
| | Russia |
| | Sweden |
| 4 | Canada Red |
| 5 | Finland |
| 6 | United States |
| 7 | Czech Republic |
| 8 | Canada Black |
# List of ambassadors of China to Pakistan

The Ambassador of China to Pakistan is the official representative of the People's Republic of China to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

## List of representatives

| Diplomatic agrément/Diplomatic accreditation | Ambassador | Chinese language zh:中国驻巴基斯坦大使列表 | Observations | Premier of the People's Republic of China | List of prime ministers of Pakistan | Term end |
| May 21, 1951 | | | The governments in Karachi and Beijing established diplomatic relations | Zhou Enlai | Liaquat Ali Khan | |
| September 1951 | Han Nianlong | zh:韩念龙 | | Zhou Enlai | Liaquat Ali Khan | February 1956 |
| March 1956 | Geng Biao | zh:耿飚 | | Zhou Enlai | Iskander Mirza | October 1959 |
| January 1960 | Ding Guoyv | zh:丁国钰 | | Zhou Enlai | Ayub Khan (general) | July 1966 |
| August 1966 | Zhang Wenjin | zh:章文晋 | | Zhou Enlai | Ayub Khan (general) | January 1967 |
| June 1969 | Zhang Tong | zh:張彤 | | Zhou Enlai | Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan | August 1974 |
| September 1974 | Lu Weizhao | zh:陸維釗 | | Zhou Enlai | Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry | April 1979 |
| August 1979 | Xu Yixing | zh:徐以新 | | Hua Guofeng | Mohammed Zia ul-Haq | April 1982 |
| July 1982 | Wang Chuanbin | zh:王传斌 | | Zhao Ziyang | Mohammed Zia ul-Haq | November 1986 |
| December 1986 | Tian Ding | zh:田丁 | | Zhao Ziyang | Mohammed Zia ul-Haq | April 1991 |
| May 1991 | Zhou Gang | zh:周刚 | | Li Peng | Ghulam Ishaq Khan | March 1995 |
| April 1995 | Zhang Chengli | zh:张成礼 | (*1937) From September 1993 to February 1995 he was ambassador in Colombo Sri Lanka. From April 1995 tp January 1999 he was ambassador in Islamabad (Pakistan) | Li Peng | Faruk Ahmad Khan Leghari | January 1999 |
| January 1999 | Lu Shulin | zh:陆树林 | | Zhu Rongji | Mohammed Rafiq Tarar | April 2002 |
| April 2002 | Zhang Chunxiang | zh:张春祥 | | Zhu Rongji | Pervez Musharraf | February 2007 |
| March 2007 | Luo Zhaohui | zh:罗照辉 | (* February 1962) From March 2007 to June 2010 he was ambassador in Islamabad Pakistan. From May 2014 to September 2016 he was ambassador in Ottawa Canada. Since September 2016 he is ambassador in New Delhi (India). | Wen Jiabao | Pervez Musharraf | June 2010 |
| July 2010 | Liu Jian (diplomat) | zh:刘健 (外交官) | | Wen Jiabao | Asif Ali Zardari | May 2013 |
| June 2013 | Sun Weidong | 孙卫东 | | Li Keqiang | Nawaz Sharif | October 2017 |
| November 2017 | Yao Jing | 姚敬 | | Li Keqiang | Shahid Khaqan Abbasi | September 2020 |
| November 3, 2020 | Nong Rong | zh:农融 | | Li Keqiang | Imran Khan | January 2023 |
| September 2023 | Jiang Zaidong | 姜再冬 | | Li Qiang | Anwaar-ul-Haq Kakar (caretaker PM) | Incumbent |
33°44′04″N 73°08′09″E﻿ / ﻿33.734366°N 73.135800°E﻿ / 33.734366; 73.135800
# Charlotte Karlsson

Charlotte Karlsson (born 18 August 1984) is a Swedish long-distance runner. She competed in the marathon event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China.
# Meredith Dixon

Meredith Dixon is an American politician and businesswoman serving as a member of the New Mexico House of Representatives from the 20th district. Elected in 2020, she assumed office on January 19, 2021.

## Early life and education

Dixon was born in Ossining, New York. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Chatham University in 1999 and a Master of Arts from the University of Pittsburgh in 2002.

## Career

Dixon is the founder of Blue Advantage Partners, a political consulting and fundraising firm based in New Mexico. Dixon previously worked as an aide for Senator Tom Udall and State House Speaker Brian Egolf. After incumbent Democrat Abbas Akhil announced that he would not seek re-election in 2020, Dixon declared her candidacy to succeed him. Dixon defeated Republican nominee Michael Hendricks in the November general election and assumed office in January 2021.
# Acqua e sale

"Acqua e sale" (English: "Water and Salt") is a song written by Gianni Donzelli and Vincenzo Leomporro from the band Audio 2. It was recorded by Italian singers Mina and Adriano Celentano in 1998 for their collaborative album Mina/Celentano. It was produced by Massimiliano Pani. It was certified gold record in the Italian charts in 2017 and platinum record in 2019.
Mina would later re-record the song in Spanish with Miguel Bosé. It is included in Mina's album Todavía (2007) and Bosé's Papito.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Acqua e sale" :
| Chart (2012) | Peak position |
| Italy (FIMI) | 88 |

## Certifications

Certifications for "Acqua e sale" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Italy (FIMI) | 2× Platinum | 100,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Undeniable: Evolution and the Science of Creation

Undeniable: Evolution and the Science of Creation is a 2014 book written by Bill Nye. It was co-written and edited by Corey S. Powell and discusses advances in science in support of evolution. The book is Nye's extension of the Bill Nye–Ken Ham debate that took place in 2014.

## Background

Undeniable was written by Bill Nye, best known as the host of Bill Nye the Science Guy, which aired from 1993 to 1998 on PBS Kids. The show focused on Nye teaching natural science to a preteen audience. Nye transitioned into cable television where he spoke on the topic of science, including giving speaking tours at colleges and universities. During his speaking engagements, Nye would often become involved in a debate of creationism versus evolution, including a 2014 debate with creationist Ken Ham. Nye attributes this to being the inspiration for him writing the book.

## Summary

Nye discusses the creationism versus evolution debate. He lays out evidence about life on earth evolving. He provides an overview of the evolutionary theories such as bottlenecking, punctuated equilibrium, Red Queen hypothesis, and the good enough design theory while at the same time providing counter arguments for creationism theories such as the second law of thermodynamics. Nye also addresses scientific issues that include genetically modified foods and human cloning.

## Reception

The book received considerable press, including The New York Times interviewing Nye about his inspiration and the subject of the book and a feature in National Geographic. In addition to The New York Times, the book was reviewed by major news outlets that included The Wall Street Journal, Scientific American, U.S. News & World Report, C-SPAN, HuffPost Live, The Washington Post, and CBS News.
The Wall Street Journal stated that "Mr. Nye makes an eloquent case for evolution." Regarding the debate and the book, Scientific American stated "no matter your stance on whether Bill should have engaged in the original debate or not, this book is a very appropriate follow-up and a terrific gift idea for those who might need a primer in how science looks at the world."

## Revised chapter on GMOs

In 2015, Nye stated an upcoming revision of his book would contain a rewritten chapter on GMOs, which he now supports.
# Mayovka, Kaliningrad Oblast

54°38′N 21°48′E﻿ / ﻿54.633°N 21.800°E﻿ / 54.633; 21.800
Mayovka (Russian: Маёвка), prior to 1945 known by its German name Georgenburg (Lithuanian: Jurbarkas) was a rural locality in Chernyakhovsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. Located about 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) northwest of the town of Chernyakhovsk, it was merged into Chernyakhovsk and ceased to exist as a separate locality in June 1996.
It was founded around the Ordensburg fortress Georgenburg ("George's castle") by the Teutonic Order. This fortress is still the best preserved medieval castle in the oblast. The German-inhabited town became famous from a local stable for the Trakehner horse breed.
The town became a part of the Soviet Union in 1945 following World War II and was repopulated with Russians. It was given its present name, which means a celebration of the International Workers' Day (May 1) in Russian.
* This Kaliningrad Oblast location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Unclaimed

Unclaimed may refer to:
* Unclaimed (2013 film), a documentary
* Unclaimed (2016 film), a TV film
* The Unclaimed, a project under which a 1967 single was released by Milan the Leather Boy
* Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property, also known as unclaimed property
* Terra nullius, also known as unclaimed territory
# Back to the Past

Back to the Past may refer to:
* Back to the Past (film), upcoming Hong Kong film
* "Back to the Past", episode 9 of SpongeBob SquarePants season 7
* "Back to the Past", song by Jay Chou from the 2002 album The Eight Dimensions
* "Back to the Past", song by Taeyong from the 2023 EP Shalala
# Ranney Index

The Ranney Index, developed by political scientist J. Austin Ranney, quantifies the level of competition between the two major political parties within U.S. states. The index assigns a score ranging from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates complete Republican control and 1 signifies complete Democratic control. A score of 0.5 represents perfect bipartisan competition.

## Calculation

To calculate the Ranney Index, three key indicators are averaged over a specified period: the percentage of the popular vote each party’s gubernatorial candidates receive, the proportion of seats each party holds in the state legislature, and the percentage of time each party controls both the governorship and a majority in the state legislature. This methodology provides a comprehensive measure of a party’s strength and competitiveness within a state’s political landscape.

## Use

The Ranney Index allows political scientists and analysts to evaluate party dominance, analyze political trends, and examine the relationship between party competition and state policy decisions. For example, a higher Ranney Index score suggests stronger Democratic control, while a lower score indicates stronger Republican control. This information is instrumental in understanding how party dominance influences legislative behavior and policy outcomes

## Limitations

The index has certain limitations. It focuses solely on state-level offices and may not reflect party competition in federal elections within the same state. Additionally, the index’s accuracy depends on the time period analyzed, as political dynamics can shift rapidly. Moreover, it primarily considers the two major parties, potentially overlooking the impact of third-party movements or independent candidates.
# Williston B. Palmer

Williston Birkhimer Palmer (11 November 1899 – 10 November 1973) was a United States Army four-star general who served as Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1955 to 1957; Deputy Commander in Chief, United States European Command from 1957 to 1959; and was the first Director of Military Assistance, 1959 to 1962. His brother, Charles D. Palmer, was also a four-star general, the first pair of brothers in United States Army history to achieve this, and his grandfather, William E. Birkhimer, was a brigadier general and Medal of Honor recipient.

## Military career

Palmer was born in Chicago, Illinois on 11 November 1899, the oldest son of Colonel Charles Day Palmer. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1919 after an accelerated 3-year course.
During World War II, as a brigadier general, Palmer commanded VII Corps artillery, from the Normandy invasion to the Elbe. In January 1943 then Brigadier General Palmer was a passenger on a B-17 which landed in neutral Ireland. He was transferred across the border to Northern Ireland the next day.
Following the war Palmer served as Director of Logistics, European Command, commanded the 82nd Airborne Division in 1950, followed by command of the 2nd Armored Division in 1951 and X Corps in Korea later that same year. He was promoted to lieutenant general on 10 June 1952.
While commanding the 2nd Armored Division based at Stuttgart-Vaihingen in Germany during 1952, Palmer was instrumental in establishing the Seventh Army Symphony Orchestra with a young conductor from within his ranks: Corporal Samuel Adler. In accordance with Adler's suggestion, Palmer staffed the orchestra with professionally educated musicians from within the Army itself. During the course of the next decade, Palmer's "soldier-musician ambassadors" distinguished themselves throughout Europe by supporting America's cultural diplomacy initiatives during the height of the Cold War.
During his tenure as Director of Military Assistance, a scandal erupted over black market activities in Turkey involving military personnel. Palmer defended soldiers who refused to testify to the Senate by pointing out that the Uniform Code of Military Justice protected soldiers from self-incrimination.
Palmer caused controversy when, in October 1960, while visiting Saigon, he said the United States was suspending military aid to Laos because of the "confused situation" in there, saying "we have not been sure who is responsible for anything." After two days of confusion, the U.S. embassy in Vientiane said the announcement had been incorrect and made without instructions from Washington, D.C.
During his time as Vice Chief of Staff, in order to save money, Palmer issued an order ending the horse drawn caissons in Arlington National Cemetery. However, his order was countermanded. He retired from the army in 1962.
Palmer died on 10 November 1973, at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C. He never married, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.