OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Deûle Canal

The Canal de la Deûle (French pronunciation:) is one of the oldest canals in northern France, originally connecting the river Scarpe near Douai with the river Lys at Deûlémont near the Belgian border. Roughly half of its original length has been absorbed in the high-capacity Dunkerque-Escaut waterway, as shown on the map, and the remaining length through the port of Lille is often considered as a branch of the main route, hence the alternative names Liaison or Antenne Bauvin-Lys. This official name was never adopted by the local population, which refers simply to the Deûle, evoking its original state as a natural river, although it has the size and the appearance of a built canal. It is 34.8 kilometres (21.6 mi) long with 3 locks.

## History

Parts of the Deule were made navigable as early as the 13th century, but goods had to be portaged round a natural sill at an island, which gave its name to the regional capital Lille. It was linked with the Scarpe in the 17th century and the Lys in the 18th.

## Navigation

As with many other small streams in the lowlands of France, Belgium and the Netherlands, the destiny of the relatively short river Deûle was to become a heavily engineered waterway, to serve the transport needs of industry. However, this construction of a wide and deep channel also serves other functions the value of which is recognized by the EU's Water Framework Directive. 'Heavily modified water bodies' like the successive reaches of the Deûle form an environment that is worth preserving for overall environmental benefits that are very different from the hypothetical situation where the stream were to be left in its natural state. Navigation is more than ever the principal function, and upgrading of the waterway downstream of Lille is currently proceeding, to provide European Class Vb dimensions, for push-tows of up to 180m long and 12m in beam.
The former line of the Canal de la Deûle remains in water and have been transferred to ownership of the Métropole Européenne de Lille (MEL) for development as recreational and recreational assets. A boat harbour is planned in the large basin on the Canteleu arm of the Deûle, to provide Lille with a facility that will encourage passing boats to stop and spend time in the city.

## En route

The map shows the route. Starting at the Lys river (PK 35), it passes through the village of Deûlémont and a boat harbour at site of a former lock (PK 34), Quesnoy-sur-Deûle (PK 30), Wambrechies (PK 25) with another popular boat harbour, Marquette-lez-Lille and the junction with the Canal de Roubaix (PK 23), Lille (PK 21-16), then Don (Nord) [fr] (PK 4) to reach the triangular junction with the main waterway at Bauvin (PK 0). The part of the old canal that has been 'taken over' by the Liaison Dunkerque-Escaut passes through Courcelles-lès-Lens, Carvin, Pont-à-Vendin to connect with the Scarpe river in Douai.
# The Pitch

The Pitch may refer to:

## Television

* The Pitch (TV programme), a British talent competition show that debuted in 2012
* The Pitch (TV series), a 2012–2013 American unscripted series
* "The Pitch" (Schitt's Creek), a 2020 episode
* "The Pitch" (Seinfeld), a 1992 episode
* "The Pitch", a segment on the Australian program Gruen

## Other uses

* The Pitch (newspaper), an alternative newspaper in Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.
* The Pitch (podcast), an American podcast that debuted in 2015
# Colmar Branch

The Embranchement de Colmar (French pronunciation:) is a canal in eastern France. It connects Colmar to the Rhine at Biesheim. It is 23 km long with three locks.
# The Phantom of Soho

The Phantom of Soho (German: Das Phantom von Soho) is a 1964 West German thriller film directed by Franz Josef Gottlieb and starring Dieter Borsche, Barbara Rütting and Hans Söhnker. It was based on a novel by Bryan Edgar Wallace and was part in a large group of British-set thrillers made in West Germany at the time, many of them adapted from the works of Wallace's father Edgar Wallace.
It was shot at the Spandau Studios in West Berlin and on location in London. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Hans Jürgen Kiebach and Ernst Schomer.

## Cast

* Dieter Borsche as Chief Inspector Hugh Patton
* Barbara Rütting as Clarinda Smith
* Hans Söhnker as Sir Philip
* Peter Vogel as Sergeant Hallam
* Helga Sommerfeld as Corinne Smith
* Werner Peters as Dr. Dalmer
* Hans Nielsen as Lord Harold Malhouse
* Stanislav Ledinek as Gilard, club manager
* Otto Waldis as William B. Clover, man with birthmark
* Hans W. Hamacher as Capt. Muggins
* Emil Feldmann as Papa Red
* Harald Sawade as Charlie
* Kurt Jaggberg as Jussuf
* Elisabeth Flickenschildt as Joanna Filiati
# Uwajima Ushi-oni Festival

The Uwajima Ushi-oni festival (宇和島牛鬼祭り, Uwajima Ushi-oni matsuri) is a festival and purification event held annually July 22–24 in Uwajima, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The festival derives from an incident in the 16th-century Japanese invasions of Korea, and includes an ushi-oni parade, bull fighting, fireworks and dancing.

## History

The festival began in 1950 and was originally called the Uwajima Shōkō festival (shōkō means commerce/industry). The ushi-oni parade was introduced in 1967, and in 1996 the festival took its current name.

## Ushi-oni parade

The ushi-oni, or "cow ogre," effigy is 5-6 meters long with a long neck and ogre-like face, covered in palm or red fur and ending in a tail shaped like a sword. Traditionally made from bamboo and logs colored red, nowadays more than 20 different effigies with colors like blue or purple are used. A miniature version is used by children.
The ushi-oni has a prominent role in the festival, and many people go to houses around Uwajima with an ushi-oni for purification. Unlike the similar lion dance, the shaking of the ushi-oni's head, not its bite, indicates purification.
During the parade, people shoulder ushi-oni with shouts of wasshoi, wasshoi, accompanied by bamboo flutes (kaifuki) blown by children. The same flutes were used by Katō Kiyomasa when attacking Jinju Castle (see below). On the last day of the festival, teams compete for strength by running their ushi-oni into each other.

### Origin

There are a variety of views about the origin, but one view is that the festival derives from the second Siege of Jinju in 1593 during the first Japanese invasion of Korea.
According to Nihon Gaishi (unofficial history of Japan), written by Raisanyō in the 1880s, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, ruler of Japan in the late 16th century, designated Katō Kiyomasa as commander in the second Siege of Jinju (1593). For the siege, Kiyomasa and a Japanese soldier created a tortoise shell wagon using wrapped hard board and cowhide that soldiers could enter and hide to save themselves from arrows and stones. The soldiers attacked from behind Jinju and were able to successfully break into the fortress.
The tortoise shell wagon had a fake, angry-looking cow head on top, and was called the "cow ogre," or ushi-oni. Nowadays, the ushi-oni is essential to the Uwajima Ushi-oni festival and is readily familiar residents of the area.

## Other activities

The first day is called the Uwajima Gaiya carnival, with street stalls and a fireworks display. The second day features a musical parade at Uwajima street and local food for sale, with a miniature ushi-oni parade in the afternoon. On the second night, people dance a traditional Uwajima dance called the Uwajima Ondō.
The last day is the ushi-oni parade. Twenty ushi-oni are carried from the Nanyo Culture Center along the main street and shopping arcade before heading toward the Suka River and Warei Shrine, where the ushi-oni are returned.
# Paul Halleck

Paul Charles Halleck (July 11, 1913 – March 23, 1974) was an American football end who played one season with the Cleveland Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Ohio University and attended Wayne Township High School in Williamsfield, Ohio.
Halleck was also an accomplished discus thrower in track and field, placing 3rd at the 1936 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in that event. He finished 4th at the Olympic trials, one spot away from making the U.S. team at the 1936 Olympics.
# Jamie Blackett

James William Beauchamp Blackett (born 17 October 1964) is a British politician, writer, landowner and political activist, who served as leader of the All for Unity party from 2021, until the party's dissolution in 2022. He has written articles appearing in The Daily Telegraph, The Spectator and other publications. He writes a monthly column, "Farming Life", for Country Life. He is also a regular commentator on GB News.

## Early life and career

Educated at Eton College, Blackett served in the Coldstream Guards from 1983 to 2002, including service during The Troubles and the first Gulf War. In addition, he served as a Deputy Lieutenant for Dumfriesshire from 2013 to 2020. Blackett has been a member of the Royal Company of Archers since 2012.
Blackett is a direct descendant of Christopher Blackett of Wylam Hall, Northumberland, founder of The Globe newspaper, and entrepreneur behind the world’s oldest surviving steam engine Puffing Billy.

## Literary career

Although he writes mainly about rural matters, Blackett's first book The Enigma of Kidson is a partly autobiographical portrait of teacher Michael Kidson, whose pupils at Eton College included former Prime Minister David Cameron. In the book, Blackett describes being beaten by the Head, Michael McCrum, one of the last acts of corporal punishment at the school. It is currently being adapted for the stage by playwright Henry Filloux-Bennett.
His books, Red Rag to a Bull and its sequel Land of Milk and Honey tell how he arrived home from military service to take over Arbigland, an agricultural estate on the Solway Firth in Dumfries and Galloway to find a rapidly changing countryside. Set over 20 years through the Scottish independence referendum, hunting ban, Brexit, Coronavirus and the 2021 Scottish Parliamentary Elections, the books cover challenges threatening a way of life and an emerging rural philosophy in which farmers have greater freedom to manage the countryside.

## Political career

In 2020, Blackett became the Deputy Leader of the Alliance for Unity, a party which was founded by George Galloway to contest the 2021 Scottish Parliament election. The registered name of the party became All for Unity, with Blackett as the Leader and Galloway as the Nominating Officer and Lead Spokesperson. In the election, Galloway stood as the lead candidate, with Blackett as second, in the South Scotland electoral region. He and Galloway spoke out against what they saw as the ‘Ulsterisation’ of Scotland, Blackett linking it to his first-hand experience as a soldier in Northern Ireland. Blackett later broke with Galloway and All for Unity was de-registered as a political party.
# William M. Howard

William Marcellus Howard (December 6, 1857 – July 5, 1932) was a noted jurist and politician from the American state of Georgia.

## Life

Howard was born in Berwick, Louisiana and moved to Georgia with his family while in his youth. He attended the Martin Institute in Jefferson, Georgia, and graduated from the University of Georgia in Athens with a Bachelor of Philosophy in 1877.
After admission to the state bar in 1880, Howard practised law in Lexington, Georgia. He was elected as the solicitor general of Georgia's northern circuit and served in that capacity from 1884 until 1896 when he successfully ran for the United States House of Representatives. He was re-elected to this office six times (1898, 1900, 1902, 1904, 1906 and 1908) before losing the nomination for the 1910 election.
During his last few terms in the U.S. House and for several years after leaving that body, Howard served on the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution (1905 through 1912) and was a trustee of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
President Howard Taft appointed Howard to the United States Tariff Board in 1911 and he served in that capacity until 1913. At that time, Howard moved to Augusta, Georgia.
Howard was appointed to appeal Leo Frank's death sentence after Frank was convicted in the murder of Mary Phagan in 1915. Howard cited flaws in the prosecution's case, including discrepancies in testimony and mishandling of the investigation by Atlanta police, to successfully convince Georgia Gov. John M. Slaton to commute Frank's death sentence to life in prison.
Howard died in Augusta, Georgia in 1932 and was buried in Clarke Cemetery in Lexington.
# Aaviku, Lääne-Viru County

Aaviku (German: Awiko) is a village in Haljala Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northeastern Estonia.
# John T. Ware

John T. Ware (November 14, 1931 - August 20, 2005) was a city planner, real estate agent, district attorney, state legislator in Florida. He served in the Florida Senate. He served in the U.S. Navy and was a pilot.
He was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He graduated from the University of Florida and Stetson College of Law.
Ware was first elected to the Florida legislature in 1964 as a Democrat. He then made two runs for the state senate before being re-elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 1968 as a Republican. He then tried again for the senate and was elected to the Florida State Senate in 1970 where he served for twelve years before losing to Jeanne K. Malchon.
He married Doris Elizabeth Gregory in 1957 and they had five children.
He died August 20, 2005 in the hospice at the Palms of Pasadena Hospital from complications arising from Parkinson's disease.
# Joshua Smith (New York politician)

Joshua Smith (July 27, 1763 – April 12, 1845) was an American politician from New York.

## Life

He was the son of Joshua Smith (1732–1814), and Hannah (Smith) Smith (1742–1793), and was born and died at the family estate in the Smithtown section of Hauppauge.
On December 23, 1784, he married Alma Blydenburgh (died 1790). On October 19, 1793, he married Ruth Smith (1769–1797), and they had two children. On April 4, 1798, he married Deborah Smith (1771–1809), and they had three children, among them State Senator Joshua B. Smith (1801–1860).
Joshua Smith was a member of the New York State Assembly (Suffolk Co.) in 1794, 1795, 1796, 1796–97, 1798–99 and 1825.
He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1821.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (1st D.) from 1826 to 1829, sitting in the 49th, 50th, 51st and 52nd New York State Legislatures.

## Sources

* The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 58, 126f, 145, 168ff, 172 and 203; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)
* Judge Joshua Smith at Long Island Surnames
# Vasylivka, Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast

Vasylivka (Ukrainian: Василівка) is a village located in Bakhmut Raion of Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

On 22 May 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Ukrainian military reported that fighting was ongoing in the vicinity of the village as Russian forces advanced from nearby Popasna.
# Mills Gardner

Mills Gardner (January 30, 1830 – February 20, 1910) was an attorney, politician and member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio from 1877 to 1879.

## Biography

Mills Gardner was born in Russellville, Ohio, the son of Seth Gardner, a captain in the War of 1812. He attended the public schools of Highland County, Ohio and Rankins academy at Ripley, Ohio. He clerked in a dry goods store for some years while reading the law with his uncle Judge Nelson Barrere of Hillsboro, Ohio who was the last Whig candidate for governor of Ohio. He relocated to Fayette County, Ohio in 1854 and was admitted to the bar in 1855, locating at Washington Court House, Ohio where he built up a large practice. He was prosecuting attorney of Fayette county for two terms (1855–1859).
Gardner was an original Republican, casting his first vote for John C. Fremont in 1856 and for every nominee of the Republican party for president after that until his death. He was elected on the Republican ticket to the Ohio Senate in 1861. In the re-election of Abraham Lincoln in 1864, Gardner was a presidential elector for Ohio.
During the Civil War, when the life of the Republican party and nation was at stake, Mills Gardner took an active and prominent part in rallying public opinion in behalf of the Union, and in exposing the opponents of the national administration, in particular Clement Vallandigham.
In 1865, Mills Gardner was elected to the Ohio House of Representatives. In 1872 he was elected a member of the Ohio constitutional convention.
He was elected to the Forty-fifth congress in 1876 from Ohio's Third district. He declined renomination in 1878 for a second term.
While a public servant, Mills Gardner nevertheless owned land in Washington Court House; in 1875, he sold a new city resident the south-side lot upon which the Jacob Light House was later constructed. Upon leaving office, he resumed the practice of law until his death at Washington Court House. He is interred there in Washington Cemetery.
# Anorectal varices

Anorectal varices are collateral submucosal blood vessels dilated by backflow in the veins of the rectum. Typically this occurs due to portal hypertension which shunts venous blood from the portal system through the portosystemic anastomosis present at this site into the systemic venous system. This can also occur in the esophagus, causing esophageal varices, and at the level of the umbilicus, causing caput medusae. Between 44% and 78% of patients with portal hypertension get anorectal varices.

## Pathogenesis

Blood from the superior portion of the rectum normally drains into the superior rectal vein and via the inferior mesenteric vein to the liver as part of the portal venous system. Blood from the middle and inferior portions of the rectum is drained via the middle and inferior rectal veins. In portal hypertension, venous resistance is increased within the portal venous system; when the pressure in the portal venous system increases above that of the systemic, blood is shunted through the portosystemic anastomoses. The shunting of blood and consequential increase of pressure through the collateral veins causes the varicosities.

## Diagnosis

The terms rectal varices and haemorrhoids are often used interchangeably, but this is not correct. Haemorrhoids are due to prolapse of the rectal venous plexus and are no more common in patients with portal hypertension than in those without. Rectal varices, however, are found only in patients with portal hypertension and are common in conditions such as cirrhosis.

## Treatment

Unlike esophageal varices, rectal varices are less prone to bleeding, are less serious when a bleed does occur, and are easier to treat because of the more accessible location. However, in some cases, rectal varices can result in severe bleeding.
Typically, treatment consists of addressing the underlying portal hypertension. Some treatments include portosystemic shunting, ligation, and under-running suturing. Insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has been shown to alleviate varices caused by portal hypertension. Successful treatment of portal hypertension that subsequently reduces anorectal varices provides a confirmation of the initial diagnosis, allowing for a distinction between varices and hemorrhoids, which would not have been alleviated by reduction of portal hypertension.
# Spoiler

Spoiler or Spoilers may refer to:

## Arts, entertainment and media

* Spoiler (media), a summary that reveals significant plot elements
* The Spoiler, DC Comics superheroine Stephanie Brown

### Film and television

* Spoiler (film), 1998 American science fiction
* The Spoiler (TV series), 1972 Australian drama
* The Spoilers (1914 film), American Western with William Farnum, based on 1906 Rex Beach novel
** The Spoilers (1923 film), remake with Noah Beery, Sr. and Anna Q. Nilsson
** The Spoilers (1930 film), remake with Gary Cooper and Betty Compson
** The Spoilers (1942 film), remake with Marlene Dietrich, Randolph Scott and John Wayne
** The Spoilers (1955 film), remake with Anne Baxter, Jeff Chandler and Rory Calhoun
* Spoilers with Kevin Smith, 2012 film review TV show

### Literature

* The Spoiler (novel), 2011, by Annalena McAfee
* The Spoilers (Bagley novel), 1969, by Desmond Bagley
* The Spoilers (Beach novel), 1906, by Rex Beach
* The Spoilers, a novel by Edwin Pugh, 1906
* "The Spoilers", a short story by Michael Gilbert in Game Without Rules, 1967

### Music

* The Spoiler (album), by Stanley Turrentine, 1966
* The Spoilers (band), American punk rock/new wave musicians formed in 1978
* Spoiler (album), by Aitana, 2019

## People

* The Spoiler (wrestler) (Donald Delbert Jardine, 1940–2006), Canadian masked champion
* Drew McDonald (wrestler) (1955-2015), ring name The Spoiler

## Science, technology and transportation

* Spoiler (aeronautics), a device which intentionally reduces the lift component of an airfoil
* Spoiler (car), a device to modify air flow over a vehicle
* Spoiler (security vulnerability), on modern computer central processing units
* Beam spoiler, material placed in the path of the photon beam in radiation therapy

## Other uses

* Spoiler effect, where the entry of a losing (irrelevant) candidate affects the results of an election
* Spoiler effect (sports), where teams eliminated from playoffs can affect other teams in the league as they play
* The Spoilers, the trio of Ph.Ds who serve as the villains in the bonus round of the 1970s CBS game show Double Dare
# Favaloro

Favaloro is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* René Favaloro (1923–2000), Argentine cardiologist
* Norman Joseph Favaloro (1905–1989), Australian solicitor and ornithologist
The name Favaloro derives from the Sicilian term Favaloru, referring to a grower or seller of beans or, alternatively, a scoundrel.
Notable places with the name Favaloro include:
Molo Favaloro, in Lampedusa, Sicily
Villino Favaloro, in Palermo, Sicily
# Oinatz Bengoetxea

Oinatz Bengoetxea (born August 28, 1984, in Leitza) is a player of Basque pelota who won the 1st Hand-Pelota singles championship in 2008.
# Joseph Girard (Swiss politician)

Joseph Girard (French pronunciation:; 9 October 1815 – 25 June 1890) was a Swiss lawyer and politician. He was a member of the National Council (1848–1851) and represented the Canton of Geneva on the Staatsrat (1851–1853) and the Council of States (1853–1854 and 1856–1860).

## Life

The son of a businessman, he was born in Carouge and studied law from 1835 onwards at the University of Geneva, graduating and starting to practice five years later. He became noted for his speeches and his radical-liberal views and after the 1846 Liberal Revolution he became an active politician. He successfully stood for the first National Council at the 1848 federal election. In 1850 Girard joined the Grand Council of Geneva, which in turn elected him to the Staatsrat in 1851, upon which he resigned from the National Council. He was responsible for policing and justice and frequently came into conflict with James Fazy.
After two years Girard resigned to become a judge in the Court of Cassation. He represented Geneva on the Council of States from 1853 to 1854 and from 1856 to 1860. He also worked as an investigating judge from 1856 onwards, but in 1873 had to resign from all his posts due to illness. He later moved to Nyon, where he died. He left all his wealth and estate to his birthplace of Carouge, which now has a street named after him