OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Basheer Al-Qudaimi

Basheer Al-Qudaimi (Arabic: بشير القديمي; born December 31, 1984) is a Yemeni chess player who holds the title of International Master (IM) (since 2008), and Arab Chess Championship winner (in 2007). He is the Chess Olympiad individual gold medal winner (in 2006).

## Biography

In 2003, Al-Qudaimi with Yemen club Al-Wahda Sana'a won 3rd place in the Arab Club Chess Championship. In 2007 in Taiz, he won the Arab Chess Championship.
Al-Qudaimi played for the Yemen team in the Chess Olympiads:
* In 2002, at second reserve board in the 35th Chess Olympiad in Bled (+9, =1, -1),
* In 2006, at reserve board in the 37th Chess Olympiad in Turin (+7, =0, -0) and won individual gold medal,
* In 2008, at reserve board in the 38th Chess Olympiad in Dresden (+5, =2, -3),
* In 2010, at second board in the 39th Chess Olympiad in Khanty-Mansiysk (+3, =1, -6),
* In 2014, at first board in the 41st Chess Olympiad in Tromsø (+4, =4, -2),
* In 2018, at first board in the 43rd Chess Olympiad in Batumi (+6, =2, -1).
Also he played for Yemen team in the Asian Games chess tournament (2010) and Pan Arab Games chess tournament (2007-2011), where he won individual gold medal.
In 2008, Basheer Al-Qudaimi was awarded the FIDE International Master (IM) title.
# William Benning Webb

William Benning Webb (September 17, 1825 – March 13, 1896) was an American politician and attorney who was the Police Superintendent of Washington, D.C., and president of the board of commissioners for the District of Columbia, U.S., from 1886 to 1889. He was the first President of the Board of Commissioners to be born in Washington.

## Biography

Webb was born in the City of Washington, DC on September 17, 1825. He was only 19 years old when he graduated from Columbia College (now George Washington University), and was admitted to the District of Columbia bar Three years later. Upon admission he entered practice, in which he remained until 1861. That year, the capital's Metropolitan Police Department was organized, and Webb was appointed its first superintendent by Mayor Richard Wallach. Webb served in this capacity until 1863 when he resigned from the Police Department and returned to his Washington law practice. He commanded an extremely high reputation among his colleagues. The Washington Post said of Webb that "his digest of municipal laws, as affecting the national capital, is regarded as the standard authority."
In 1885, upon the vacancy of Joseph Rodman West from his seat on the D.C. Board of Commissioners, President Grover Cleveland surprised the city establishment by offering the appointment to the popular and respected Webb, who accepted and joined the commission for its sixth session in July 1885. When board president James Barker Edmonds declined reappointment on April 1, 1886, Cleveland raised Webb to the position.
Webb died at his home in Washington on March 13, 1896, at the age of 70. He was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery.
In 1901, The William Benning Webb School, named in his honor, opened at 15th and Rosedale, NE. It was an all-white school, but by 1947 it had become unused and at late that year became an annex to all-black Browne Junior High School. It was shut down sometime shortly thereafter and has been used for school storage ever since.
# Elizur Goodrich

Elizur Goodrich (March 24, 1761 – November 1, 1849) was an eighteenth-century American lawyer and politician from Connecticut. He served as a United States representative from Connecticut and Collector of Customs. He was also the brother of US Senator Chauncey Goodrich, son-in-law of Founding Father Oliver Wolcott.

## Biography

Born in Durham in the Connecticut Colony, he was the son of Elizur Goodrich. He graduated from Yale College in 1779, was a tutor there from 1781 to 1783, and studied law. After his was admitted to the bar in 1783, he began the practice of law in New Haven. He served in the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1795 to 1802 and was its Clerk for six sessions and its Speaker for two.
In the 1796 United States presidential election he was a Federalist elector for president, supporting Federalist candidate John Adams against Democratic-Republican Party candidate Thomas Jefferson.
He was elected to represent Connecticut At-Large to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses, but only served in the Sixth Congress from March 4, 1799, to March 3, 1801 because President John Adams appointed him collector of customs for the Port of New Haven. After a short time he was removed from the office of collector by Adams' successor, President Thomas Jefferson. The discussion of this act elicited from Jefferson a letter in which he avowed his approval of removal for political opinions.
Goodrich was elected to the Governor's Council in Connecticut in 1803, serving until 1818. He taught law at Yale from 1801 to 1810 and was probate judge from 1802 to 1818. From 1803 to 1822 he was also Mayor of New Haven. From 1803 to 1807, he also served as a judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors.
Goodrich was a member of the Yale Corporation, the university's governing body, from 1809 to 1818 and was its Secretary from 1818 to 1846. Yale conferred the degree of LL.D. on him in 1830. Goodrich died in New Haven on November 1, 1849, and is interred in Grove Street Cemetery.
He was featured among the 1,700 Congressmen who are on the List of members of the US Congress who owned slaves at one point in American history.

## Personal life

Goodrich's son, Chauncey Allen Goodrich, married Noah Webster's daughter. His brother, also named Chauncey Goodrich, was a member of the United States House of Representatives.
Goodrich's wife, Annie Willard Allen Goodrich, was the sister of John Allen, a United States representative from Connecticut and a member of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors.
His sister-in-law, Mary Ann Wolcott Goodrich, through his brother Senator Chauncey Goodrich, was the daughter of the Signatory of the US Declaration of Independence, Oliver Wolcott, and sister of US Treasury Secretary Oliver Wolcott Jr..
# Boulevard Lefebvre

The Boulevard Lefebvre (French pronunciation:) is a boulevard in the Saint-Lambert quarter in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, France. It is one of the Boulevards of the Marshals, which run in the outer parts of the city.

## Location

The former buildings of the Central Civil Engineering Laboratory stand on the southern side of the boulevard. Across the boulevard, on the northern side, there is a group of buildings, one of whom collapsed during its construction in January 1964, killing at least 20 people and injuring at least 18. This accident was known as the Boulevard Lefebvre disaster [fr].
The Exhibitions Center and the Dôme de Paris stand along the boulevard.
Boulevard Lefebvre was accessible through the Petite Ceinture bus line. Now it can be reached through the tramway Line 3a.

## History

The French war department had completed the Thiers wall – including fortifications, a dry moat, a Rue Militaire and a large berm – around 1840. In 1859, the military engineering service gave conditional control to the Paris city council. The expansion of the land area of Paris in 1860, by annexing bordering communities, created a situation where everything within the Thiers wall was Paris and everything without was not. The Thiers wall, with its accompanying berm and moat, led to a profound disruption and complication of the synergistic relationship between Paris and its suburbs. Paris city council started upgrading and conversion of some sections of the Rue Militaire into boulevards in 1861, with the (yet unnamed) Boulevard Lefebvre one of the first stretches to open.
On March 2, 1864, the boulevard was named after François Joseph Lefebvre (1755-1820), Duke of Dantzig and Marshal of France.
Each section of the upgraded Rue Militaire was then named for a marshal of the First French Empire (1804–1814) who served under Napoleon I, leading to the entire ring being collectively called the Boulevards of the Marshals. The Boulevards of the Marshals concept was almost fully realized by 1932, though the final three sections, closing the ring, would not be completed until 2005. Of the 22 boulevards, 19 have been named for Lefebvre or one of his fellow First Empire marshals.
* A portion of the Thiers wall, showing the berm and dry moat, near Porte de Versailles.
* The boulevard seen from Porte de Versailles, with the Church of Saint Anthony of Padua in the background.
* The boulevard near porte Brancion.

## Historic buildings

* No. 52: Church of Saint Anthony of Padua, Paris
* No. 58: former buildings of the Central Civil Engineering Laboratory
* No. 169: a low-rent house built by architect Jules Lavirotte in 1906.
* Tramway Line 3 at Porte de Versailles
* The boulevard (looking toward Porte de Versailles).
* Looking toward the Church of Saint Anthony of Padua.
* Church of Saint Anthony of Padua.
# Robert Meyers (politician)

Robert E. Meyers (December 23, 1913 – March 26, 2007) was an American politician and judge. He served as the 26th mayor of Fort Wayne, Indiana, succeeding Harry W. Baals, who died in office in 1954. A reluctant mayor, he served out the term of Baals after winning a special election and declined to run for reelection, citing the fact he went to school to be a lawyer, not a politician.
Meyers was a leader in the city's effort to annex suburban areas surrounding Fort Wayne. Under his leadership, in his years as mayor from 1954 to 1959, the city grew from 18 square miles (47 km$^2$) to 35 square miles (91 km$^2$) in area.
In later life, Meyers served as an Allen County Superior Court Judge from 1971 until he retired from public life a second time, in 1985.

## Legacy

Robert E. Meyers Park, part of Fort Wayne's Harrison Square development, was dedicated in Meyers' honor on August 14, 2009. The Meyers family contributed $300,000 for completion of the park.
# Jeanie Lang

Jeanie Lang (born Mary Eugenia Wirick) was an American actress, mostly known for having a lead role in the 1930 color film King of Jazz.
Lang was born on December 17, 1901, in Maplewood, Missouri.
Lang's initial acting experience came on stage in St. Louis. After about a year of that, she and her family moved to Hollywood, where she was signed to be in King of Jazz (1930). She sang with Paul Whiteman and his orchestra (Ragamuffin Romeo, I Like to Do Things for You) and in the shorts Freshman Love (1931) and The Way of All Freshmen (1933). In 1933, she performed alongside Tom Howard and occasionally the vocal harmonizers known as the Three X Sisters on NBC Radio’s Musical Grocery Store program. A newly resurfaced radio transcribed song, "Rumble Seat" of her vocals.
She was married to Arthur C. Langkamer (Lang), who died in 1986. She died on September 19, 1993, in Broward, Florida.
# Chow Chee Keong

Chow Chee Keong (26 November 1948 – 21 February 2018) was a Malaysian football goalkeeper who played in Hong Kong and the Malaysian national football team.

## Career

His nickname in Hong Kong was Asian Steel Gate (Chinese: 亞洲鋼門) and Crazy Sword (Chinese: 神經刀). He was a Malaysian Chinese. In 1963, he represented the Malaysian in under-20 level as a 13-year-old. Two years later, he joined the Malaysian national football team as a 15-year-old. At that point, he was the youngest ever Malaysian international player. He was briefly on the playing staff at Bedford Town FC. From 1966 to 1970, he was voted by the Asian Football Confederation as the best goalkeeper five times in a row.
In 1968, he came to Hong Kong with a Chinese Malaysian selection side and many Hong Kong clubs took notice of him. Two years later, he joined Hong Kong Rangers for three guest matches. Then, he joined Jardine for a salary of HK$2,500 per month which was the Hong Kong record at that time. However, a year later, Jardines withdrew from the Hong Kong football league system. So he moved to South China where his career started to take off. For his three seasons with South China, he won many trophies and personal awards. In 1974, he moved to Tung Sing. His salary was HKD 7000 per month plus housing. In 1977, he returned to South China. A year later, he started to play in both Hong Kong league and the Malaysian league simultaneously. In 1979, he left Hong Kong, but returned in 1981. He spent a short time again with South China before moving to Hong Kong Rangers. In 1980, he returned to Malaysia and played for Malaysian national football team for 1980 Pestabola Merdeka and World Cup qualification in 1981 before retiring from football.

## Retirement

He became a golfer after retiring from football. In 1991, he finally earned a coaching license. He first started to teach in Malaysia. In 1995, he moved to a golf club in Shenzhen, China. In 1997, he returned to South China as a golfing instructor.

## Honours
### Club
#### South China

* Hong Kong First Division:
       Winners (3): 1971-72, 1973-74, 1977-78
* Hong Kong Senior Shield
       Winners (1): 1971-72
* Viceroy Cup
       Winners (1): 1971-72

### International
#### Malaysia

* Merdeka Tournament
       Winners (1): 1968

### Individual

* AFC Asia's best goalkeeper: 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970
* AFC Asian All Stars: 1968
* Between The Sticks-Top 10 Asian & Oceanic goalkeepers of all time (5th place): 2020
* MasterCard Asian/Oceanian Team of the 20th Century: 1998
* IFFHS Men Best Malaysian Goalkeeper of the Century (1901-2000)
* IFFHS Men’s All Time Malaysia Dream Team: 2022
# The Ramp (Alaska)

The Ramp is a 5,240-foot (1,597 m) mountain summit located in the Chugach Mountains, in Anchorage Municipality in the U.S. state of Alaska. The Ramp is situated in Chugach State Park, 12 mi (19 km) southeast of downtown Anchorage, and 1.42 mi (2 km) southwest of Mount Williwaw, the nearest higher peak. Access is via the Powerline Trail. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains west into Campbell Creek and east into headwaters of Ship Creek. The mountain's toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Geological Survey.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, The Ramp is located in a subarctic climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Chugach Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rain and snow. Winter temperatures can drop below 10 °F with wind chill factors below 0 °F.

## Gallery

* The steep north face of The Ramp
# Gaudium namadgiense

Gaudium namadgiense is a species of small shrub that is endemic to areas near the border between New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. It has silky-hairy, narrow lance-shaped to elliptical leaves, usually white flowers borne singly or in pairs on short side shoots, and fruit that falls from the plant shortly after the seeds are released.

## Description

Gaudium namadgiense is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.5–1 m (1 ft 8 in – 3 ft 3 in). It has thin, rough bark that is shed in strips or in flaky layers on the older stems, and young stems that are softly-hairy at first. The leaves are narrow lance-shaped to elliptical, 3.5–9 mm (0.14–0.35 in) long and 1.5–4 mm (0.059–0.157 in) wide, tapering to a petiole about 1 mm (0.039 in) long. The leaves are usually covered on both surfaces by silky white hairs. The flowers are borne singly or in pairs on short side shoots, and are white, sometimes with a pink tinge and 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) wide. The floral cup is about 2.5 mm (0.098 in) long and covered with silky white hairs. The sepals are triangular, about 1.5 mm (0.059 in) long, the petals 2.5–3 mm (0.098–0.118 in) long. There are between seven and eleven stamens. Flowering mainly occurs from December to January and the fruit is a hairy capsule 2–2.5 mm (0.079–0.098 in) wide with the remains of the sepals attached but that falls from the plant after the seeds are released.

## Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1993 by Andrew M. Lyne who gave it the name Leptospermum namadgiensein the journal Telopea from specimens he collected on Mt Scabby in 1992. In 2023, Peter Gordon Wilson transferred the species to the genus Gaudium as G. namadgiense in the journal Taxon. The specific epithet (namadgiense) is from the name "namadgi" used by local Aboriginal people for the mountains south-west of Canberra.

## Distribution and habitat

This tea-tree usually grows in shrubland and woodland on exposed rocky ridges and mountaintops in the Namadgi National Park and Scabby Range Nature Reserve at altitudes between 1,500 and 1,820 m (4,920 and 5,970 ft).
# Đông Pháp Thời Báo

Đông Pháp Thời Báo (chữ Hán: 東法時報; Indochina Times; 2 May 1923 to 22 December 1928) was a Vietnamese language newspaper in Saigon. The founder and editor was Diệp Văn Kỳ [vi].
# Cushman K. Davis

Cushman Kellogg Davis (June 16, 1838 – November 27, 1900) was an American Republican politician who served as the seventh Governor of Minnesota and as a U.S. Senator from Minnesota.

## Early life and American Civil War

Davis was born in Henderson, New York to Horatio N. Davis and Clarissa Cushman. His family moved to Wisconsin Territory before he was a year old (his father went on to serve as a member of the Wisconsin State Senate several different times). Cushman went to school at Carroll College and then the University of Michigan, graduating in 1857. Admitted to the bar in 1860, he soon after found himself serving in the American Civil War in the 28th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment, serving first as a lieutenant in charge of Company B of this volunteer regiment. He was in action in the western campaigns, then in 1864 as an aide to General Willis A. Gorman.

## Political career

Davis returned home in 1864 due to poor health. He relocated to St. Paul, Minnesota due to its reputation as a health resort and began to pursue a legal and political career. He was elected to the Minnesota State House of Representatives from 1867 to 1868 and was appointed as the United States District Attorney from 1868 to 1873. He resigned his position to run as the Republican candidate for Minnesota governor and won. During his term, he established a state board of railway commissioners, revised the state constitution to allow women to vote on school matters and hold elected office, and also provided assistance to farmers affected by a locust plague. He served one term from 1874 to 1876 and declined to be re-nominated for a second.

## Return to legal career and second political career

Returning to his legal career, Davis successfully defended Judge Sherman Page in his 1878 impeachment trial. He also formed a partnership with Frank B. Kellogg and Cordenio Severance. In 1887, he was elected to the United States Senate. He would serve in the 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, and 56th United States Congresses, from 1887 to 1900. He was involved with legislation related to pensions and the construction of the Soo Locks. Beginning in 1897 he was the chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and was closely involved with the sequence of events leading to the Spanish–American War. He was also present at the talks for the Treaty of Paris which ended the war.

## Personal life

Davis married Laura Bowman in 1862. He remarried Anna Malcom Agnew Fox at some point in the 1880s.

## Honors

Davis was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1894. He was elected a vice-president general of the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution in 1895.

## Death

Davis died while still in office in St. Paul on November 27, 1900. He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia.
# Vienna Diptych

The Vienna Diptych or the Fall and Redemption of Man is a religious diptych by the Flemish artist Hugo van der Goes depicting the fall of man on the left panel and the lamentation of Christ on the right panel. Painted in the second half of the 15th century, the diptych is housed in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. According to Wolfgang Kermer, who also described the work in detail in its condition in 1967, the diptych is unique in the history of diptych painting in terms of its subject matter (antithesis: Fall of Man / Redemption).
The tempting Serpent is depicted as a bipedal salamander-like creature because it was assumed that the serpent could walk before God's curse compelled it to crawl and eat dust. The human-headed Serpent was introduced into art in the late 13th century. Subsequent Renaissance artists generally abandoned the depiction of Serpent as a human-headed creature.
The reverse side of the left panel has an image of Saint Genevieve painted on it. The reverse side of the right panel bears traces of a coat of arms, consisting of a shield with a black eagle and two supporters, of which only the feet survived. The coat of arms was painted in the 17th century and indicates possible House of Habsburg ownership of the diptych.
# Dünserberg

Dünserberg is a municipality in the district of Feldkirch in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.
At Dünserberg, there is an 89-metre-tall (292 ft) broadcasting tower for FM and TV built of concrete.

## Geography

Dünserberg is the smallest municipality in Vorarlberg. About 46 percent of the municipality is forest, and 20 percent is mountainous.
# Boulevard Mortier

The Boulevard Mortier (French pronunciation:) is a boulevard in the 20th arrondissement of Paris, France. It is one of the Boulevards of the Marshals, which circle the outer parts of the city.

## Route

The boulevard starts at the Porte de Bagnolet and ends at the Porte des Lilas, where it is continued by the Boulevard Sérurier. The housing estate Campagne à Paris [fr] is located on the west side, near the Porte de Bagnolet.
The boulevard was accessible through the Petite Ceinture bus line. Now it can be reached through the Métro Line 3.

## History

The French war department had completed the Thiers wall – including fortifications, a dry moat, a Rue Militaire and a large berm – around 1840. In 1859, the military engineering service gave conditional control to the Paris city council. The expansion of the land area of Paris in 1860, by annexing bordering communities, created a situation where everything within the Thiers wall was Paris and everything without was not. The Thiers wall, with its accompanying berm and moat, led to a profound disruption and complication of the synergistic relationship between Paris and its suburbs. Paris city council started upgrading and conversion of some sections of the Rue Militaire into boulevards in 1861, with the (yet unnamed) Boulevard de Mortier one of the first stretches to open.
In 1864, the boulevard was named after Édouard Mortier (1768–1835), Duke of Trévise and Marshal of France.
Each section of the upgraded Rue Militaire was then named for a marshal of the First French Empire (1804–1814) who served under Napoleon I, leading to the entire ring being collectively called the Boulevards of the Marshals. The Boulevards of the Marshals concept was almost fully realized by 1932, though the final three sections, closing the ring, would not be completed until 2005. Of the 22 boulevards, 19 have been named for Mortier or one of his fellow First Empire marshals.

## Important building

* After no. 19 is the Rue Camille-Bombois, a narrow street with a stairway that goes up to the Rue Irénée-Blanc; it belongs to the Campagne à Paris estate.
* On 24 August 1944, the group Francs-Tireurs et Partisans of Saint-Fargeau attacked an SS row at a barricade located at no. 67, at the crossing of the Boulevard Mortier and the Rue de la Justice.
* The Communist politician Jacques Duclos is said to have resided at nos. 82–88 in July 1940.
* No 141: Caserne des Tourelles [fr], headquarters of the Directorate-General for External Security (DGSE).
* Caserne des Tourelles, headquarters of the DGSE
* The Porte des Lilas station
* The boulevard heading to Porte de Bagnolet after roadworks for the tramway Line 3a ended in August 2012