OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Energy Czar

Energy Czar, and also later Climate Czar, is a nickname, using the political term "czar", for the person in the government of the United States given authority over energy or climate policy within the executive branch. This has never been the official title of any office, but has often been informally used to refer to various officials since the 1970s.
Additionally, officials supervising energy policy at State or other sub-Federal levels have also sometimes been called "Energy Czars", for example Richard W. DeKorte was referred to as the "Energy Czar of New Jersey".
John A. Love, appointed Director of the Office of Energy Policy by President Richard M. Nixon in 1973, was the first to be widely styled as "Energy Czar". In December 1973, Nixon replaced the Energy Policy Office with the Federal Energy Office, which in May 1974 became the Federal Energy Administration. Heads of these posts (Love was followed by William E. Simon, then John Sawhill) continued to be styled "Energy Czars" through the Nixon administration, as well as under his successor Gerald Ford who appointed Frank Zarb to head of the FEA.
In 1977, the United States Department of Energy was created by the Jimmy Carter administration. It combined the roles of the Federal Energy Administration with the Energy Research and Development Administration, and raised the head of the department to a Cabinet-level position. The United States Secretary of Energy (the first being James R. Schlesinger) took over the role of previous "Energy Czars". The position became more commonly referred to simply as the "Secretary of Energy" and the nickname "Energy Czar" fell out of use.
In December 2008, President-elect Barack Obama named Carol Browner to the position of Assistant to the President for Energy and Climate Change. After Obama took office, Browner was appointed director of the White House Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy. The nickname "Energy Czar" was revived to sometimes describe Browner's position. The term "Climate Czar" was also used. (The form "Czarina" was also sometimes used for Browner.) However, once she left the administration in 2011, the term fell into disuse again at the federal level.
However, it continued to sometimes be used at the state level. In January 2013, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo announced the creation of the first energy czar position in New York State, and appointed Richard Kauffman to lead the state's energy policy.
In November 2020, President-elect Joe Biden announced former U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry would serve as his Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, a new position that would be part of the United States National Security Council (NSC). The term "Climate Czar" was used to informally describe Kerry's anticipated role. This role is now called climate envoy. Then Biden announced that former EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy would serve in another new position, White House National Climate Advisor, and media reports also referred to this position as "Climate Czar".
# John Levra

John Levra (born October 2, 1937) is a former American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at New Mexico Highlands University from 1967 to 1970, and Stephen F. Austin University from 1971 until 1974, compiling a career college football record of 57–24–1.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| New Mexico Highlands Cowboys (NAIA / NAIA Division I independent) (1967–1970) ||||||
| 1967 | New Mexico Highlands | 9–1 | | | L NAIA Division I Semifinal |
| 1968 | New Mexico Highlands | 9–0 | | | |
| 1969 | New Mexico Highlands | 8–1–1 | | | L NAIA Division I Semifinal |
| 1970 | New Mexico Highlands | 9–2 | | | L NAIA Division I Semifinal |
| New Mexico Highlands: | New Mexico Highlands: | 35–4–1 | | | |
| Stephen F. Austin Lumberjacks (Lone Star Conference) (1971–1974) ||||||
| 1971 | Stephen F. Austin | 2–8 | 2–7 | T–8th | |
| 1972 | Stephen F. Austin | 2–7 | 2–6 | 8th | |
| 1973 | Stephen F. Austin | 9–3 | 6–3 | T–3rd | W Poultry |
| 1974 | Stephen F. Austin | 9–2 | 7–2 | 2nd | |
| Stephen F. Austin: | Stephen F. Austin: | 22–20 | 17–18 | | |
| Total: | Total: | 57–24–1 | | | |
# Checkerboard score

In biodiversity studies, the checkerboard score or C-score is a statistic which determines the randomness of the distribution of two or more species through a collection of biomes. The statistic, first published by Stone and Roberts in 1990, expands on the earlier work of Diamond that defined a notion of "checkerboard distributions" as an indicator of species competition.
A low c-score indicates a higher randomness, i.e. a greater likelihood that the distribution of one species has not been directly affected by the presence of other species.

## Definition and calculation

Given two species sp$_1$, sp$_2$ and n islands, an incident matrix is built. In the $2\times n$ incident matrix, each row represents one of the two species and each column represents a different island. The matrix is then filled with each cell being set to either 0 or 1. Cell with the value of 0 means that a given species doesn't exist in the given island whilst the value of 1 means that the species do exist in the given island.
The calculation of the co-occurrence of two species sp$_1$, sp$_2$ in the given set of islands is done as follows:
    $C_{ij}=(r_{i}-S_{ij})(r_{j}-S_{ij})$
    C$_{ij}$ - C-score for the two species sp$_1$, sp$_2$ in the given set of islands
    S$_{ij}$ - The number of co-occurrences of sp$_1$, sp$_2$
    r$_i$ - Number of islands in which sp$_1$ has 1
    r$_j$ - Number of islands in which sp$_2$ has 1
The checkerboard score (c-score) for the colonisation pattern is then calculated as the mean number of checkerboard units per species-pair in the community:
For M species, there are P = M(M-1)/2 species-pairs, so C-score is calculated:
    $C=\sum _{j=0}^{M}\sum _{i<j}C_{ij}/P$
The C-score is sensitive to the proportion of islands that are occupied, thereby confounding comparisons between matrices or sets of species pairs within them. An extension of the C-score therefore standardizes by the number of islands each species-pair occupies using:
    $C_{ij}=(r_{i}-S_{ij})(r_{j}-S_{ij})/(r_{i}+r_{j}-S_{ij})$
# Kinga Łoboda

Kinga Łoboda (born 11 June 1996) is a Polish sailor. She and Aleksandra Melzacka competed for Poland at the 2020 Summer Olympics in the 49er FX event.
# Luiza Złotkowska

Luiza Złotkowska (born 25 May 1986) is a Polish speed skater. She is an Olympic silver and bronze medalist, and held the Polish record on the 5000 m distance from February 2021 to December 2022.

## Speed skating career
### Olympic Games

At the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, she won a bronze medal in the women's team pursuit together with Katarzyna Woźniak, Natalia Czerwonka and Katarzyna Bachleda-Curuś. Individually, she placed 34th in the 1500 metres and 24th in the 3000 metres. At the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, she won silver medal in the team competition with Katarzyna Woźniak, Natalia Czerwonka and Katarzyna Bachleda-Curuś.

### Personal records

Personal records :
| Women's speed skating |||||
| Event | Result | Date | Location | Notes |
| 500 m | 39.13 | 28 February 2016 | Eisstadion Inzell, Inzell | |
| 1000 m | 1:15.46 | 10 November 2013 | Olympic Oval, Calgary | |
| 1500 m | 1:54.77 | 16 November 2013 | Utah Olympic Oval, Salt Lake City | |
| 3000 m | 4:02.37 | 15 November 2013 | Utah Olympic Oval, Salt Lake City | |
| 5000 m | 7:07.02 | 18 February 2011 | Utah Olympic Oval, Salt Lake City | Polish record until beaten by Magdalena Czyszczoń on 16 December 2022. |

## Personal life

Złotkowska was born in Warsaw, Poland, but lives in Zielonka. In 2005, she graduated from the School of Sports Championships in Zakopane. She is also a graduate of the Academy of Physical Education in Kraków. In 2010, she was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of the Rebirth of Poland, in 2014, she was awarded the Officer's Cross of the Order of the Rebirth of Poland. Złotkowska's fiancé is Jan Szymański, also a Polish speed skater.
# Maria Sajdak

Maria Sajdak (née Springwald; born 30 July 1991) is a Polish national representative rower, an Olympian and a world champion. She is a reigning world champion in the women's quad scull winning her title at the 2018 World Rowing Championships in Plovdiv. She competed in the women's quadruple sculls event at the 2016 Summer Olympics where she won a bronze medal.
# Mariola Woźniak

Mariola Wozniak (born 17 March 1998) is a Polish chess player and a woman international master.
She was a runner-up at the European Girls' Chess Championship.
She played as the reserve player for the Polish team which won the silver medal at the Women's event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad, playing in six games.
# Marta Dydek

Marta Krystyna Dydek (born 11 March 1982) is a Polish former professional basketball player.

## Career
### College

From 2003–2005, Dydek played her college career at University of Texas at El Paso in El Paso, Texas for the UTEP Miners.

### Spain

After college, Dydek began her professional career in Spain's Liga Femenina de Baloncesto, with USP-CEU Adecco Estudiantes. After moving to Mann-Filter Zaragoza for the following season, she would then move down to Liga Femenina 2 de Baloncesto. Over two seasons, she played across four teams. After a season away in Australia, Dydek returned for the 2010–11 season.

### Australia

In 2009, Dydek was signed by the Logan Thunder in the Women's National Basketball League. Dydek's older sister, Margo, lived and coached in Brisbane, Australia and was instrumental in her signing. Dydek was not re-signed for the 2010–11 season.

## National team

Born and raised in Poland, Dydek would follow in the footsteps of her older sisters and represent the Poland national team. She made her debut at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. Three years later, she would play at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship in Poland, where as the host nation, they would win the bronze medal. At the 2001 FIBA Under-19 World Championship in the Czech Republic, Poland would place 10th.

## Personal life

Dydek was the youngest of three girls, all of whom were professional basketball players and represented the Polish national team. Her two older sisters were, Katarzyna and Małgorzata. The younger of the two, Margo, was the 1st pick overall in the 1998 WNBA draft.
# Marta Wieliczko

Marta Wieliczko (born 1 October 1994) is a Polish rower. She won the gold medal in the quadruple sculls at the 2018 World Rowing Championships.
# Leaven of Malice

Leaven of Malice, published in 1954, is the second novel in The Salterton Trilogy by Canadian novelist Robertson Davies. The other two novels are Tempest-Tost (1951) and A Mixture of Frailties (1958). The series was also published in one volume as The Salterton Trilogy in 1986.
The trilogy revolves around the residents of the imaginary town of Salterton, Ontario.
Davies won the Stephen Leacock Award for Humour in 1955 for Leaven of Malice.

## Plot summary

The book starts out with a false, anonymous engagement notice between Pearl Veronica Vambrace and Solomon (Solly) Bridgetower published in the local newspaper, the Bellman. The wedding is to be held on November 31 at the local cathedral. The notice creates a stir in the community. Professor Vambrace, the father of Pearl, is outraged, considering it an insult directed at himself and his family, due to his longtime feud with the Bridgetower family. He threatens the Bellman's editor, Gloster Ridley, to sue the Bellman for libel. Mrs. Bridgetower is also outraged, although she confines this to her personal circle. Matters are not helped by the fact that Solly, while having once invited Pearl to a ball, is still besotted with Griselda Webster, a local beauty and heiress, who is definitely not interested in him (cf. Tempest-Tost).
Vambrace consults a lawyer, a relative of his wife, who suggests that he not go through with the case, and that the newspaper is as much a victim of the hoax as he is. The lawyer's partner, Snelgrove, however, says otherwise, and offers to take the case himself.
The case is looked into by both Snelgrove and Ridley's lawyer. Along with several major and minor characters in the novel, they pursue a quest for the person responsible for entering the false wedding notice, who is dubbed 'X'. The climactic scene takes place at the Bellman, where the principal characters gather and the identity of X is revealed.
After all the chaos, Solly proposes to Pearl, who accepts. The Bellman's editor, however, insists they deliver their engagement announcement to the paper in person.
The novel explores themes of innocence, guilt, and judgement.

## Footnotes

* ↑ of New Brunswick%5d%5d "Every Man's Judgement: Robertson Davies' Courtroom". Retrieved 2009-01-15. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
# Sylwia Gawlikowska

Sylwia Gawlikowska (born 25 February 1983, in Warsaw) is a Polish modern pentathlete. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed in the women's competition, finishing in 13th place.
# Sylwia Korzeniowska

Sylwia Korzeniowska (born 25 April 1980 in Tarnobrzeg) is a Polish-born French race walker. She changed her nationality in 2010. She is the younger sister of former world record holder Robert Korzeniowski.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Poland ||||||
| 2001 | European U23 Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 5th | 20 km | 1:32:47 |
| 2001 | European Race Walking Cup | Dudince, Slovakia | 36th | 20 km | 1:39:01 |
| 2001 | Universiade | Beijing, China | 11th | 10 km | 47:54 |
| 2002 | World Race Walking Cup | Turin, Italy | 42nd | 20 km | 1:39:18 |
| 2003 | European Race Walking Cup | Cheboksary, Russia | 28th | 20 km | 1:34:43 |
| 2003 | Universiade | Daegu, South Korea | – | 20 km | DQ |
| 2004 | World Race Walking Cup | Naumburg, Germany | 24th | 20 km | 1:31:30 |
| 2004 | Olympic Games | Athens, Greece | 21st | 20 km | 1:33:06 |
| 2006 | World Race Walking Cup | A Coruña, Spain | 15th | 20 km | 1:31:16 NR |
| 2006 | European Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 7th | 20 km | 1:30:31 NR |
| 2007 | World Championships | Osaka, Japan | 23rd | 20 km | 1:37.38 |
| 2008 | Olympic Games | Beijing, China | 20th | 20 km | 1:31.19 |
| Representing France ||||||
# Carlotta Sippel

Mia Carlotta Sippel (born 26 July 2001) is a German field hockey player.

## Career
### Club level

In club competition, Sippel plays for Club an der Alster in the German Bundesliga.

### Junior national team

Carlotta Sippel made her debut for the German U–21 team in 2019. Her first appearance was during a test series against Belgium in Cologne. Later that year, she went on to win a bronze medal with the team at the EuroHockey Junior Championship in Valencia.
In 2022, Sippel was named in the junior squad for the postponed FIH Junior World Cup in Potchefstroom.

### Die Honamas

Sippel made her debut for Die Danas in 2019, during a test series against Argentina in Buenos Aires.
She has since gone on to represent Germany in the FIH Pro League.
# RPC Paranavaí

RPC Paranavaí is a Brazilian television station based in Paranavaí, PR. It operates on channel 29 (42 UHF digital) and is affiliated to TV Globo. It belongs to the Paranaense Communication Group (GRPCom), in addition to generating local programming.

## History

Founded in 1988 and starting operations in 1992 by the J. Malucelli group as TV Imagem, it was acquired by RPTV in August 1997, when it became a Globo affiliate. The station opened an office in Umuarama in 1999.

## Technical information
### Subchannels

| Channel | Video | Aspect | Short name | Programming |
| 29.1 | 1080i | 16:9 | RPC TV | Main RPC programming / TV Globo |
After two months working in experimental format RPC Paranavaí's digital signal was officially inaugurated on December 18, 2012.
In June 2014, its news operation converted to high definition, becoming the last of the eight stations of the RPC network to do so.
# Schlitters

Schlitters is a municipality in the Schwaz district in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

## Geography

Schlitters lies in the Ziller Valley.
# Eleonore Heerwart

Eleonore Heerwart (24 February 1835 – 19 December 1911) was a German kindergarten teacher, educator and writer.

## Biography

Eleonore Heerwart was born on 24 February 1835 in Eisenach, Germany. Her family moved to Mechterstädt after the early death of her father. She studied at the secondary school for girls in Mechterstädt. In 1852, following the death of her mother, she moved to Keilhau, located in the Thuringia region, where she took training as a kindergarten teacher from Friedrich Fröbel, Louise Fröbel and Wilhelm Middendorf.
After completing the training, she worked as a private tutor for few years. She later moved to Manchester in 1861, and started kindergarten teacher training.
She subsequently initiated similar activities in Dublin and London. She spent nearly two decades, and played important role in advancing kindergarten system in these places. Importantly she was the first to introduce kindergarten activities in Ireland. In London she was associated with the British and Foreign School Society, where she opened kindergarten training department.
In 1883 she returned to Germany. She published number of essays and monographs to advance the idea of kindergarten and Fröbelian pedagogy.She founded Froebel Museum at Eisenach. She also enlisted American support to advance kindergarten system in Germany through different projects.
She was the president of International Kindergarten Union.
She died in Eisenach on 19 December 1911.
# Nicolás Rodríguez Peña

Nicolás Rodriguez Peña (30 April 1775 – 3 December 1853) was an Argentine politician. Born in Buenos Aires in April 1775, he worked in commerce which allowed him to amass a considerable fortune. Among his several successful businesses, he had a soap factory partnership with Hipólito Vieytes, which was a centre of conspirators during the revolution against Spanish rule. In 1805 he was a member of the "Independence Lodge", a masonic lodge, along with other prominent revolutionary patriots such as Juan José Castelli and Manuel Belgrano. This group used to meet in his ranch, then situated in what today is Rodríguez Peña square in Buenos Aires.
He was a member of the local militia in the British invasions of the Río de la Plata (1806 and 1807), and after taking part as promoter and financier of the May Revolution, he collaborated in the formation of the Primera Junta. Was secretary to Castelli, and went with him in the liberation army's expedition to Córdoba, where he authorized the death by firing squad of the previous viceroy Santiago de Liniers. After fighting at the Battle of Suipacha he entered Upper Peru, where he was for a short time governor of La Paz.
Returning to Buenos Aires in February, he took the place of Mariano Moreno at the First Junta ("Primera Junta"). He was deposed by the revolution of April 1811 and confined to San Juan Province. Rodríguez Peña returned later the same year to Buenos Aires, returning to commerce once again. He joined the Logia Lautaro, directed by Carlos María de Alvear. Due to the revolution of October 1812, he was elected member of the Second Triumvirate, a government just created by the Constitutional Congress.
When the Triumvirate was dissolved, the Supreme Director, Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, selected him to preside the State Council ("Consejo de Estado"). He was also assigned as a colonel in the army. In 1814 he was named first governor delegate of the Eastern Province (present-day Uruguay), a post he held for only a short time.
After the fall of Director Alvear, he was charged, judged, and exiled, and was allowed to live in San Juan. In 1816 he went back to Buenos Aires, but the new Supreme Director, Juan Martín de Pueyrredón, forced him to return to exile in San Juan where he helped José de San Martín organize the Army of the Andes for the crossing into Chile.
After the Battle of Chacabuco he exiled himself in Santiago de Chile, where he remained until his death in December 1853. His remains were interred in La Recoleta Cemetery in Buenos Aires.
Peña was married to Maria Casilda de Igarzabal. Their son, Demetrio Rodríguez Peña was a prominent writer.
# Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story (soundtrack)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 2007 film Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story.

## Production

   It was almost like a Manhattan Project for songwriters," says Bern. "It was the most fun thing I've ever done.
The cast and crew recorded 40 original songs; 33 are featured in the movie. Singer-songwriter Dan Bern and Mike Viola (of the Candy Butchers) wrote most of the film's songs, including "There's a Change A' Happenin'", "The Mulatto Song" and "Hole in My Pants". Marshall Crenshaw wrote the title tune and Van Dyke Parks penned one of the 1960-styled psychedelic jams, "Black Sheep".
Singer Angela Correa provides the voice of Darlene Madison Cox (played in the film by actress Jenna Fischer), as she did in the feature film.
A number of critics noted the unusually high quality of many of the individual songs on the soundtrack, how well they reflected the styles and times they were attempting to spoof, and how well they stood on their own as quality compositions. The soundtrack was nominated for both a Grammy and Golden Globe Award and was nominated and won the Sierra Award for Best Song in a Motion Picture from the Las Vegas Film Critics Society.

## Track listing

All tracks performed by John C. Reilly, except where noted. All tracks produced by Michael Andrews and Jake Kasdan, and mixed by Bryan Cook and Dan Long.

### iTunes exclusive extended edition

* "Take My Hand" (Reilly)
* "Jump Little Children" (Craig Robinson)
* "(Mama) You Got to Love Your Negro Man" (Reilly)
* "That's Amore" (Reilly)
* "Walk Hard" (Reilly)
* "A Life Without You (Is No Life At All)" (Reilly)
* "(I Hate You) Big Daddy" (Reilly)
* "Walk Hard (Punk Version)" (Reilly)
* "Let's Duet" (Reilly & Angela Correa)
* "Darling" (Reilly)
* "Guilty As Charged" (Reilly)
* "There's a Change A' Happening (I Can Feel It)" (Reilly)
* "Dear Mr. President" (Reilly)
* "Hey Mr. Old Guy" (Reilly)
* "Ladies First" (Reilly)
* "The Mulatto Song" (Reilly)
* "Let Me Hold You (Little Man)" (Reilly)
* "Hole In My Pants" (Reilly)
* "Royal Jelly" (Reilly)
* "Farmer Glickstein" (Reilly)
* "Black Sheep" (Reilly)
* "Walk Hard (70's TV Show Theme)" (Reilly)
* "Who Wants to Party" (Reilly)
* "Weeping On the Inside" (Reilly)
* "Billy Don't Be a Hero" (Reilly)
* "Walk Hard (All-Star Version)" (Ghostface Killah, Lyle Lovett, Jewel Kilcher, Jackson Browne)
* "Beautiful Ride" (Reilly)
* "(Have You Heard the News) Dewey Cox Died" (Reilly)
* "Cut My Brother In Half Blues" (Reilly)
* "(You Make Me So) Hard" (Jacques Slade)
* The song "Starman" is not available on the iTunes Exclusive Extended Edition of the album.

## Release history

* October 30, 2007
* November 8, 2007
* November 5, 2007
* December 3, 2007
* December 4, 2007
* January 7, 2008
* January 16, 2008
* March 6, 2008
* February 17, 2008
* March 7, 2008
* April 9, 2008
* April 17, 2008
* May 19, 2008
# Thomas Hynes (Cross of Valour Recipient)

Thomas Hynes CV of Fortune Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, was posthumously awarded Canada's highest decoration for civilian bravery on September 11, 1978.

## Citation

The official citation reads:
   "On 29 December 1977, Thomas Hynes, aged nineteen, gave his life while saving his eight-year-old cousin, from drowning. The child and another boy had run out on a frozen pond and fallen through the ice. The other lad pulled himself out from fifteen feet of water, but Thomas' cousin was floundering and made no headway. When Thomas saw this, he entered the water with no regard for his own safety and kept pushing the boy onto the ice. The victim was thus able to reach for a stick extended to him by another youth and was pulled to safety. Thomas by this time was exhausted from supporting his cousin, and though he struggled to stay afloat, he slipped under and was drowned."

## See Also

Cross of Valour