OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Olga Clark

Olga Clark (September 23, 1898 – 24 April 1994) was a socialite and self-proclaimed princess from Russia who spent most of her life in the United States. She was married four times, including to world chess champion José Raúl Capablanca and Admiral Joseph J. Clark until their respective deaths.

## Biography

Olga Evgenyevna Choubaroff (or Chubarova) was born on September 23, 1898, in Tbilisi, the Caucasus region of Russian Empire. She was able to speak Russian, French and English fluently as an adult. She married four times during her life but never had any children. She has been described as a "hothead" who was outspoken about her political opinions.

### Officer Chagodaev

Her first husband was a White Army officer with the surname Chagodaev. They escaped together from the Red Army in 1920. He was, according to Olga, a descendant of Genghis Khan, and prince, who left her his title. She called herself a princess after his death.

### Jose Raul Capablanca

Her second husband was world chess champion Jose Raul Capablanca, whom she married on October 20, 1938, and stayed married until his death in 1942. Olga did not play chess. At their wedding her name was listed as "Princess Cagodalf" from the "Russian house of Chagodalf".
She was a muse to Capablanca during his later years. Before their marriage, he told her "I shall regain my crown for you." During their life together, she became his biographer, writing articles on him for "Chessworld", "Town and Country", "José Raoul Capablanca Ein Schachmythos", and the introduction to Capablanca's "Chess Lectures". After his death she donated his archives to the Manhattan Chess Club. In 1987, she sold for $10,000 her own unpublished manuscript of a game between Capablanca and Savielly Tartakower.

### Olympic rower

Her third husband was a rowing champion who had won an Olympic gold medal and was much younger than her. When she was 85, she said that "Practically everything I have now came from him, but I'd rather not talk about that."

### Admiral Joseph James Clark

Around 1963, she met her fourth husband, a retired Admiral named Joseph James Clark. They told friends and family that they got married in 1965. However, they didn't actually get married until 1967, around the same time that her sister Marie Blackton became the third wife of Hamilton Fish III. Their marriage eventually ran into troubles, and they contemplated divorce but stayed together until Clark's death on July 13, 1971. She later christened the guided-missile frigate USS Clark (FFG-11), named after her fourth husband, Admiral Joseph Clark.
Olga Clark did not marry again and died on April 24, 1994, in New York City at the age of 95.
# Yusifli, Jalilabad

Yusifli is a village and municipality in the Jalilabad Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 239.
# Nicolás Vallejo

Javier Nicolás Vallejo (born 3 January 2004) is an Argentinian footballer who plays as a forward for Independiente. He is an Argentina U20 international.

## Career

From Chaco Province, Vallejo signed a contract in 2022 keeping him with Independiente until December 2024. In his first league start for the club he scored the only goal of the game in a 1–0 win over Arsenal de Sarandí on the 2 October 2022. This came just days after he missed a spot kick in a penalty shoot out that saw his club defeated in the Copa Argentina. That same month he was celebrated as he scored a late equaliser for this club in a 2-2 league draw against Boca Juniors.
In August 2023, he signed on loan for Talleres de Córdoba.

## International career

He was named in the Argentina under-20 squad by Javier Mascherano for the 2023 South American U-20 Championship held in Colombia in January and February 2023.
# Last Name (disambiguation)

Last Name may refer to:
* Surname
* "Last Name" (song), a song recorded by American country music singer Carrie Underwood
* "Last Name", a song from the album High Off Life by American rapper Future
# 3rd Lithuanian Vanguard Regiment

The 3rd Lithuanian Vanguard Regiment (Polish: 3 Pułk Litewski Przedniej Straży) was a military unit of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The full name was 3rd Advance Guard Regiment Field Hetman of Lithuania Antoni Chlewinkiego.

## History
### Origins

Formed in 1776.

### Great Sejm 1788-1792

The regiment was stationed in Mazyr & Loyew (1789), Mazyr (1790), Strzeszyn (1791), Vilkaviškis (Oct 1792).

### War in Defence of the Constitution

The regiment fought in the battle of Zelwa [pl].

### Kościuszko Uprising

The unit partook in the battles of Krupczyce, Brzesc, Maciejowice, Praga.

## Uniforms

In the Polish Army Museum, there is a yellow metal plume-holder from 1776 to 1789, which is enamelled with the king's cypher (turquoise), a crown (blue and gold), wreath (blue with red ribbons) and metal feathers (turquoise and red). The officers had blue konfederatkas, which were adorned with white cockades and plumes, whereas the towarzycz had blue belts. On their left shoulders, the troopers had blue shoulder straps.

## Commanders

Pułkowniks of the regiment:
* Kazimierz Romanowski (1785),
* gen. mjr. Antoni Chlewiński (1791-?),
* Piruski.
# Chitra Ramaswamy

Chitra Ramaswamy is a London journalist of South Asian descent. Her books are Homelands: The History of a Friendship, published by Canongate Books, and Expecting: The Inner Life of Pregnancy, published by Saraband.
Ramaswamy is currently a restaurant critic in Scotland for the Alba supplement in the Scottish edition of The Sunday Times. She was one of the Guardian's TV reviewers.

## Biography

Ramaswamy grew up in Richmond, London. She has a BA in English Literature from University of Glasgow. She is bisexual and lives in Edinburgh, Scotland with her partner Claire and two children.

## Awards and honours

In 2016, Ramaswamy won a Scottish first book award: Saltire Society Literary Awards' First Book of the Year Award. and was shortlisted for the Polari Prize In 2022, Homelands: The History of a Friendship was listed by The Guardian as one of its memoirs of 2022. and the Saltire Society Non-Fiction Book of the Year.

## Books

* Expecting: The Inner Life of Pregnancy (2016, Saraband, ISBN 978-1-9101-9221-4)
* Homelands: The History of a Friendship (2022, Canongate Books, ISBN 978-1-8388-5266-5)
# Pādodaka

Pādodaka (Sanskrit: पादोदक, lit. foot-water) is holy water. Its prepared from bathing the Linga. It is one of the Ashtavarana or the 'eight protections' of Lingayatism.
This holy water is used in many sacred occasions to call upon good fortune and celestial blessing. It is sprinkled across while entering into a new house, on the newly bought vehicle etc.
# Birdsong Nature Center

Birdsong Nature Center, formerly the Dickey-Birdsong Plantation, is a 565-acre (229 ha) historic district property. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. It includes four contributing buildings, five contributing structures, and a contributing site. It is a wildlife preserve.
It has a 1912 dwelling, the "Dickey-Komarek House", which includes Classical Revival architectural details, and is a frame one-and-a-half-story building built in 1912 by expanding upon a mid-1800s dogtrot house. It has an 1858 barn and outbuildings built in the 1900s.
The property was purchased from the Dickey family in 1938. It became a site of ecological research and fire experimentation.
The property is now the Birdsong Nature Center on Birdsong Road. Birdsong Nature Center was created as a 501c3 corporation in 1986. Its mission is "to foster awareness, understanding, and appreciation of nature and its interrelationships."
# Ben Ellman

Ben Ellman is an American saxophonist, harmonica player, and producer most widely known as a member of the New Orleans–based funk band Galactic, with whom he has made eight studio albums. He joined the group in 1994, when they were known as Galactic Prophylactic. Ben also works as a DJ under the name Gypsyphonic Disko, where he mixes New Orleans style funk with klezmer, Eastern European and other exotic music.

## Production

As a producer Ben has overseen Galactic’s recordings since 2007, and has produced artists such as Trombone Shorty, Stoop Kids, The Revivalists, Walter “Wolfman” Washington, Soul Rebels, Big Freedia, as well as singer-songwriter Ryan Montbleau and rapper Lyrics Born. Ellman produced the Trombone Shorty album “Backatown”, which was nominated for a Grammy in 2010, and The Revivalists hit album “Men Amongst Mountains”, which included the single “Wish I Knew You” which went to No. 1 on Billboard’s Alternative chart in 2015

## Other Pursuits

As a sideman Ellman has played on recordings by Harry Connick, The Afghan Whigs, Ani DiFranco, Theryl “Houseman", The Royal Fingerbowl and Corey Henry. In March 2019, Galactic's members purchased the legendary New Orleans venue Tipitina's, making Ellman one of the club's owners.
# Haruka (Yoasobi song)

"Haruka" (Japanese: ハルカ) is a song by Japanese duo Yoasobi from their debut EP, The Book (2021). It was released as a single on December 18, 2020, through Sony Music Entertainment Japan. The song was based on short story, Tsuki Ōji (lit. "Moon Prince"), written by screenwriter Osamu Suzuki. The music video premiered alongside the single release. The English version of the song was included on the duo's second English-language EP E-Side 2, released on November 18, 2022.

## Composition and lyrics

"Haruka" was described as a song about encounter and farewell, drawn from the perspective of "something" that has watched over the growth of a girl more than anyone else. It is composed in the key of C♯ major at 100 beats per minute with a running time of 4 minutes and 4 seconds.

## Credits and personnel

* Ayase – producer, songwriter
* Ikura – vocals
* Osamu Suzuki – based story writer
* Takayuki Saitō – vocal recording
* Masahiko Fukui – mixing
* Hidekazu Sakai – mastering
* Kanae Izumi – music video animation, cover artwork design

## Charts
### Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for "Haruka" :
| Chart (2020–2021) | Peak position |
| Global Excl. US (Billboard) | 121 |
| Japan (Japan Hot 100) | 17 |
| Japan Combined Singles (Oricon) | 18 |

### Year-end charts

2021 year-end chart performance for "Haruka" :
| Chart (2021) | Position |
| Japan (Japan Hot 100) | 37 |
2022 year-end chart performance for "Haruka" :
| Chart (2022) | Position |
| Japan Streaming Songs (Billboard Japan) | 85 |

## Certifications

Certifications for "Haruka" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Japan (RIAJ) | Gold | 100,000$^*$ |
| Streaming |||
| Japan (RIAJ) | 3× Platinum | 300,000,000$^†$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^†$ Streaming-only figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

Release dates and formats for "Haruka" :
| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| Various | December 18, 2020 | Digital downloadstreaming | Sony Japan | |
# Sikhism in Cyprus

Cypriot Sikhs (Greek: Κύπριοι Σιχ, romanized: Kýprioi Sich; Turkish: Kıbrıslı Sihler) numbered 2,264 at the 2021 census, forming the country's fourth-largest religious group at 0.24% of the country's population. The Sikh population in Cyprus has grown over the years, with many Sikhs migrating to the country for work or to start their own businesses. Today, Sikhs in Cyprus have established their own places of worship and community centres, and are an integral part of the country's cultural diversity.

## History

During the Second Anglo-Afghan War from 1878 to 1880, Sikh troops were dispatched to Afghanistan. Concurrently, Sikh cavalrymen played a role in a covert agreement between the British and Indian army, sailing from Malta in the Mediterranean Sea to seize control of Cyprus in cooperation with the Ottoman Empire.
The Sikh community in Cyprus has also made efforts to bring their culture and religion to the wider community. For example, in 2014, Sikhs from Ilford in the UK brought the Guru Granth Sahib, the current Guru of the Sikh religion, to Cyprus for the first time. The Guru Granth Sahib was taken to various locations around the country, allowing people of all faiths to view and learn about the Sikh religion.
Due to immigration from Punjab, some Sikhs in Cyprus have suffered from abuse from human trafficking.

## Gurdwara

One of the main places of worship for Sikhs in Cyprus is the Gurdwara Sangatsar Sahib in Nicosia. The Gurudwara was established in 2011 and serves as a center for worship, community activities, and cultural events.
In addition to the Gurudwara, there are other places of worship and community centers that serve the Sikh community in Cyprus. These include the Sri Guru Nanak Darbar in Larnaca, which is another Gurudwara that was established in 2013, and the Cyprus Sikh Association, which was founded in 2016 to promote Sikh culture and values in the country.

## World War II

In 2012, a delegation of the Sikh community from Birmingham, travelled to Cyprus to pay homage to Sikh soldiers who lost their lives in the Second World War. Alongside members of the Royal British Legion, they laid a wreath on behalf of the Sikh community at the Nicosia War Cemetery. The cemetery houses the Nicosia Cremation Memorial, specifically dedicated to Sikh soldiers who were accorded the last rites of their religion, which involve cremation. The memorial stands as a stone pylon adorned with wings and an urn, bearing the engraved names of the honoured individuals.
# Crista Samaras

Crista Samaras is an American inventor, businesswoman, and former lacrosse player and coach. She played lacrosse at Princeton University, graduating in 1999, and is second on the all-time career goals and points lists. While at Princeton, Samaras was a two-time Ivy League Player of the Year as well as a three-time All American. After graduating, Samaras went on to win a gold medal in the 2001 IFWLA World Cup and a silver medal in the 2005 IFWLA World Cup.

## Princeton

Although Crista Samaras said she "barely made the qualifications" for attending Princeton, the athlete says she was accepted because "lacrosse was [her] hook." As a freshman in 1995, Samaras was Rookie of the Year. The following year she was All-American. In her last two years at Princeton, she was named All-American two more times and was also on the NCAA All-Tournament Team twice. She was also a two-time Ivy League Player of the Year. During her senior year, she received the Emily Goodfellow Award which is rewarded to a senior who “contributes to team unity, morale, spirit, and has demonstrated love of lacrosse and Princeton.” Before graduating in 1999 with her bachelor's in politics, Samaras set a record of 270 points during her career which has yet to be broken. Samaras said, "Princeton created roots for me in the idea that you totally embrace what you are fighting for.” After graduating, Samaras returned to Princeton to train for a day before competing in the 2001 World Cup to "get in touch with her roots."

## IFWLA World Cup: 2001 and 2005

In order be prepared for the 2001 World Cup, Samaras trained for a day at each of the schools she attended and played lacrosse at. During the Semifinals in of the 2001 World Cup, Crista Samaras had two assists and three goals, which led to her receiving honors. In the 2001 IFWLA World Cup Finals, the United States defeated Australia 14-8. Samaras had an assist for team mate Flynn and also scored the final goal of the game. For the 2005 World Cup, Samaras prepared by having intense three-a-day training sessions. Samaras recalled how in the 2001 World Cup she was “wide-eyed and didn’t know the players as well.” When asked about the 2005 World Cup she said, “This experience will resonate more for me. It's in the U.S., it's in my hometown, and I know the players better." Although the competition was in her hometown, the U.S. lost to Australia 14-7.

## Career

Samaras was an assistant coach at Yale University in 2000 and 2001. Two years after leaving Yale, Samaras issued a patent for shallow pocket netting she designed for the head of a lacrosse stick. She also began designing clothing and other equipment for the sport including inaugurating the Warrior's Woman's line. Samaras runs three businesses which all promote lacrosse.
# Peter A. Dey

Peter Anthony Dey (1825–1911) was born at Romulus, Seneca County, New York on January 27, 1825. His father was Dr. Philip Dey, a son of Theunis Dey, Colonel of a New Jersey regiment in the Revolutionary war. Dey attended Seneca Falls Academy until 1840, when he entered Geneva College at Geneva, New York, graduating in 1844. He studied law until 1846 when he switched over to civil engineering. His first engagement was for surveying part of the right of way for the New York and Erie Railroad. For the next three years, Dey worked on the Delaware and Susquehanna rivers in Orange County, N.Y., and in Pike and Susquehanna counties in Pennsylvania.
In 1849, he was hired by New York state to help rebuild the Cayuga and Seneca Canal locks in Seneca Falls. Then he worked on the Erie Canal at Port Byron.
In 1850, Dey assisted in the laying out and in the construction of the Michigan Southern railway, in charge of the construction of a division of that railroad in the vicinity of La Porte, Indiana. In the fall of 1852, he joined the Chicago and Rock Island railroad and was in charge of division work from Peru to Sheffield, Illinois. Dey was engaged in various railway construction enterprises in Illinois until 1853 when he relocated to Iowa City. In 1853 he moved to Iowa City, Iowa and continued his activities as a civil engineer. Dey was also division engineer for the construction of the Mississippi and Missouri Railroad Company (M&M) which ran from Davenport to Council Bluffs.
Dey married Catherine Thompson (1834–1899) of Connecticut at the Trinity Church in Buffalo on Oct. 23, 1856.; they had six children. In the winter of 1856, he rejoined the Rock Island railroad company, building its rail line west to Kellogg. Dey became mayor of Iowa City in 1860.
In 1862 Dey explored locations for the future Union Pacific Railroad working for Thomas C. Durant. Dey became chief engineer of the railroad until he was replaced by Grenville Dodge.
In 1864, Dey retired from his railroad interests and entered the banking industry at his home town, Iowa City, Iowa. Dey became president of the First National Bank of Iowa City, serving in that capacity until his death in 1911.
In 1872, Dey was one of three commissioners that oversaw the construction of the new Iowa State Capitol building at Des Moines, Iowa, a task that was not completed until 1884. In 1879, Dey was appointed railroad commissioner by Governor Gear and reappointed by Governors Sherman and Larrabee continuing thru 1896.

## Death and legacy

Dey was a member of the Iowa State Historical Society at Iowa City and for twelve years served as its president. Dey died at Iowa City, Iowa, on July 12, 1911.
Peter Anthony Dey's greatest contribution was the first survey of the Union Pacific Railroad. In Seneca Falls, New York, the name of the street connecting the residential area along the Seneca River in “the Flats” with Cayuga Street was named Dey Street in his honor until it was submerged in 1915 when "the water level of the reconstructed Cayuga-Seneca Canal was raised by the artificial lake now known as Van Cleef Lake."
# Rattenberg

Rattenberg (Bavarian: Råttnberg) is a City on the Inn River in the Austrian state of Tyrol near Rattenberg mountain and Innsbruck. With just 400 inhabitants and a surface area of 10 ha, it is the smallest city in the country.

## Geography

The proximity of a mountain to the south of the town means that Rattenberg, like many villages nested in steep sided valleys throughout the Tyrol region of the Alps, receives no direct sunlight for much of the winter. It is one of the few places at a significant southerly latitude that experiences a prolonged period without direct sunlight (another is Viganella, Italy), although the sky remains bright while the town is in the mountain's shadow so there is no permanent darkness or 'polar night' as experienced north of the Arctic Circle.

## Gallery

* View to the town with former monastery and churchtower
* Churchtower (Katholische Pfarrkirche Sankt Virgil)
* Church: Spitalkirche Heilige Geist
* Street view Haussauerstrasse

## History

Founded in the 14th century, it was built in the literal shadow of Rat Mountain to protect itself from marauders. Maximilian I had the original town citadel expanded to a formidable fortress.

### The modern era

In November 2005, the town announced they were building 30 specialized rotating mirrors called heliostats to reflect sunlight into parts of the town during the winter months. The $2.4 million operation was suggested by Bartenbach Lichtlabor GmbH, a lighting design company. The EU planned to foot half the bill as of November 2005. However, the project was never implemented.

## Economy

Rattenberg has been known for its glass making. Its abundance of crystal glass shops continue the tradition of craftsmanship.
# Elotepec Zapotec

Elotepec Zapotec (Zapoteco de San Juan Elotepec) is a Zapotec language of a single village in western Oaxaca, Mexico, San Juan Elotepec in the Municipio of Villa Sola de Vega. It is one of several Zapotec languages called Papabuco, and has 68% intelligibility of Zaniza Zapotec.
INALI, the National Institute of Indigenous Languages of Mexico, and the Documenting Endangered Languages Program of the National Science Foundation have funded the creation of an online archive of Elotepec Zapotec.
# Quy

Quy may refer to:

## People

* Andy Quy (born 1976), English footballer and coach
* Tim Quy (1961–2023), English percussionist
* Nguyễn Văn Quỳ (1925–2022), Vietnamese composer and musician
* Võ Quý (1929–2017), Vietnamese zoologist, ornithologist and professor
* Brandon Quy (born 1996), English musician and mentor

## Places

* Phú Quý, a small island located about 100 km from Phan Thiết city, Vietnam
* RAF Wyton, a Royal Air Force base in Cambridgeshire, England (IATA code QUY)
* Stow cum Quy, a parish in Cambridgeshire, England
# Edward Lawson (VC)

Edward Lawson VC (11 April 1873 – 2 July 1955) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
He was a private in the 1st Battalion, The Gordon Highlanders, British Army during the Tirah Campaign when the following deed took place on 20 October 1897 on the Dargai Heights, for which he was awarded the VC:
   The Gordon Highlanders. Private E. Lawson.
   During the attack on the Dargai Heights on the 20th October, 1897, Private Lawson carried Lieutenant K. Dingwall, the Gordon Highlanders (who was wounded and unable to move), out of a heavy fire, and subsequently returned and brought in Private McMillan, being himself wounded in two places.
Private Lawson continued to serve with his regiment until 1902. He had a further period of military service serving as a sergeant in the Northern Cyclist Battalion before and during the First World War. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Gordon Highlanders Museum in Aberdeen, Scotland.
There are two memorials to Edward Lawson in Newcastle upon Tyne. The first is a bench dedicated to him in Old Eldon Square by the war memorial. The second is a memorial to Newcastle's Victoria Cross recipients outside the Discovery Museum in the city's west end.
Sometime after The First World War, Edward Lawson lived with his family in Parson's Avenue, Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne, having moved from the Heaton area of Newcastle upon Tyne.

## Honours

| Description | Notes |
| Victoria Cross (VC) | 1897 |
| India Medal | Clasps: Tirah 1897-98, Punjab Frontier 1897-98 and Relief of Chitral 1895. |
| Queen's South Africa Medal | Clasps: Transvaal, Driefontein, Paardeberg and Cape Colony |
| King's South Africa Medal | Clasps: South Africa 1901 and South Africa 1902 |
| Territorial Efficiency Medal | |