OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Flag and coat of arms of Perak

The flag and emblem of Perak are state symbols of Perak, Malaysia. These two symbols are distinct from each other in style. Similar to other states of Malaysia with Malay royalties, both the flag and arms of Perak are influenced by royalties, Islam, and political symbols of the state.

## Flag

The flag of the state of Perak, in Malaysia, is a tricolour, made of three equal horizontal bands coloured white (top), yellow, and black (bottom). Adopted on 31 January 1879, it has a ratio of 1:2.
The stripes on the flag symbolise the three branches of the Perak royal family: white represents the reigning Sultan of Perak, yellow represents the Raja Muda (the crown prince), and black represents the Raja Di Hilir (the next in succession, after the crown prince). Coincidentally, the flag resembles an inverted version of the Russian imperial colours that were in official use from 1858 to 1917.
The three colours of the flag, plus red, formed the basis of the colours that were used in the flag of the British Federated Malay States.
* Standard of the Sultan (1949-1963)
* Standard of the Sultan (1963-1984)
* Standard of the Sultan (1985-2014)
* Standard of the Sultan (2015–present)

## Emblem

The emblem of Perak consists of the symbol of the Sultan of Perak circled with a crescent that contains flowers of rice. The symbol of the Sultan of Perak symbolises the highness of the Sultan. The crescent denotes Islam as the state official religion, while the flowers of rice reflects the source of money for the people of Perak.

## City, district and municipal council emblems and flags

* Emblem of Ipoh City Council
Perak currently does not adopt flags for its districts and municipal areas. However, flags of local governments (District councils, Municipal councils and City councils) were sometimes used to represent districts and municipal areas, although to a lesser extent.
* Flag of Ipoh City Council
# Dreamland Recording Studios

Dreamland Recording Studios is a residential recording studio located in the town of Hurley, New York. Opened in 1986 as a recording facility, the studio is housed in what was once St. John's Church built in 1896.
Some of the artists that recorded and produced at Dreamland include The B-52's, Joan Jett, Ace Frehley, Misfits, Bad Brains, The Breeders, Nick Cave and The Bad Seeds, Fleet Foxes, Yo-Yo Ma and Bobby McFerrin, Suzanne Vega, Dinosaur Jr., Buffalo Tom, 10,000 Maniacs, Jack DeJohnette, Joe Jackson, The Mighty Mighty Bosstones, Sunny Day Real Estate, The Connells among many others, and more recently The National, Parquet Courts, Jack and Amanda Palmer, Beach House, Kurt Vile and many more.
All of the vintage recording gear and instruments that were used from the time of the studio foundation are still in use today. The centerpiece of the control room is a custom built 48 channel in-line API Legacy fit with Neve Flying Faders II.
Dreamland still includes its full accommodation facilities for large groups, which enabled many artists to hold residency sessions at the studio.
Today, the studio is managed by drummer and composer Jerry Marotta.
# John J. Kleiner

John Jay Kleiner (February 8, 1845 – April 8, 1911) was an American educator and politician who served two terms as a U.S. Representative from Indiana 1883 to 1887.

## Biography

Born in West Hanover, Pennsylvania, Kleiner moved to Medina County, Ohio, in 1850 with his parents, who settled near Wadsworth. He attended the public schools and assisted his father in agricultural pursuits. During the Civil War Kleiner enlisted on June 20, 1863, in Company G, Eighty-sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until February 10, 1864.
He returned to Wadsworth, Ohio, where he resided until 1867. He moved to Evansville, Indiana, in 1867. He taught in the Evansville Business College and edited the Saturday Argus of that city.

### Political career

He served as member of the city council of Evansville in 1873. He engaged in the manufacture and sale of lumber. He served as mayor of Evansville 1874-1880.
Kleiner was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1887). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection.

### Later career and death

He engaged in the real estate business and stock raising at Pierre, South Dakota, in 1887.
He moved to Washington, D.C., in 1890 and engaged in the real estate business until his death in Takoma Park, Maryland, April 8, 1911. He was interred at Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington.
# Makers (novel)

Makers is a novel by Canadian-British science fiction author Cory Doctorow released in October 2009. It was nominated for the Prometheus Award.
The book focuses on a near-future imagining of members of the maker culture, a group Doctorow characterizes as being composed of "people who hack hardware, business-models, and living arrangements to discover ways of staying alive and happy even when the economy is falling down the toilet".
The novel is available free on the author's website, as a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA download. It is also published in traditional paper form by HarperVoyager. The UK hardcover is 416 pages long.

## Storyline

The book is based on a near-future story of Lester and Perry, two hardware hackers, and Suzanne, a journalist. Lester and Perry rebuild devices or 3D print things to sell. Kettlewell, the CEO of Kodak and Duracell, becomes aware of this and sends the journalist Suzanne on site to report on it in her blog. Lester and Perry's manufactured products are then manufactured and sold in large quantities. Afterwards, Lester and Perry open an interactive museum and are sued by Disney. Since they file a counterclaim, they settle out of court and Lester transfers to Disney to make new products for them.
The story contains numerous side-themes. For instance, extremely fat people like Lester can take a gene-therapy, if they can afford it, and become slim no matter how much they eat. The downside: they must now consume 10'000 kcal/d or so just to survive. They call themselves "fatkins" and get special clubs and restaurants.
# Karen Kavaleryan

Karen Kavaleryan (Armenian: Կարեն Կավալերյան; Russian: Каре́н Кавалеря́н; born 5 June 1961 in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian-Armenian lyricist. He is known for his work in the Eurovision Song Contest.
Karen Kavaleryan is widely considered as the most successful Russian lyricist, he is 27 times finalist of "Song of the Year" gala, author of anthem of 2014 Winter Olympics and the final song 2014 Winter Paralympics, performed by José Carreras and Diana Gurtskaya, during his career has published more than 700 songs performed by Gorky Park, Bravo, Prime-Minister, Alla Pugacheva, Philip Kirkorov, Nikolay Baskov, Valeriya, Dima Bilan and many others.
Artyom Kavaleryan, son of Karen Kavaleryan, is the lyricist of the Russian entry in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2005 "Doroga k solntsu" performed by Vlad Krutskikh.

## Eurovision Song Contest entries

| Country | Year | Song | Artist | Place | Points | Composer |
| Russia | 2002 | "Northern Girl"†1 | Prime Minister | 10 | 55 | Kim Breitburg |
| Russia | 2006 | "Never Let You Go"†2 | Dima Bilan | 2 (SF: 3rd) | 248 (SF: 217) | Alexander Lunyov |
| Belarus | 2007 | "Work Your Magic" | Dmitry Koldun | 6 (SF: 4th) | 145 (SF: 176) | Philipp Kirkorov |
| Armenia | 2007 | "Anytime You Need"†3 | Hayko | 8 (SF: —) | 138 (SF: —) | Hayko |
| Ukraine | 2008 | "Shady Lady" | Ani Lorak | 2 (SF: 1) | 230 (SF: 152) | Philipp Kirkorov |
| Georgia | 2008 | "Peace Will Come" | Diana Gurtskaya | 11 (SF: 5) | 83 (SF: 107) | Kim Breitburg |
| Armenia | 2010 | "Apricot Stone" | Eva Rivas | 7 (SF:6) | 141 (SF:83) | Armen Martirosyan |
| Ukraine | 2013 | "Gravity" | Zlata Ognevich | 3 (SF:3) | 214 (SF:140) | Mikhail Nekrasov |
†1 Lyrics co-written with Evgene Fridlyand & Irina Antonyan †2 Lyrics co-written with Irina Antonyan †3 Lyrics co-written with Hayko (Armenian part)

### National Finals entries

* 2005 Russia Alexandr Panaiotov & Alexey Chumakov, Balalayka and Russian version Balalayka
* 2005 Russia A-Sortie, Keep On Shinin' and Russian version Sharik
* 2006 Russia Dima Bilan, Lady Flame
* 2006 Russia Jasmin, Foreigner
* 2007 Belarus Diana Gurtskaya, How Long
* 2008 Russia Alexandr Panaiotov, Crescent & Cross
* 2008 Russia Anatoliy Alyoshin, One More Try
* 2012 Russia Mark Tishman, Money vs Love

## Personal life

He is married, has a son Artyom.
# Danling County

Danling County (Chinese: 丹棱县; pinyin: Dānlíng Xiàn) is a county of central Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of Meishan City, with the seat located 33 kilometres (21 mi) west of downtown Meishan and 48 km (30 mi) east of Ya'an. Danling, originally known as Qile Prefecture, was named after the gliding bird-shaped red edge of the Chiya Mountain (赤崖山) in the north of the Prefecture.

## Administrative divisions

Danling County comprises 4 towns and 1 township:

### towns

* Renmei 仁美镇
* Yangchang 杨场镇
* Zhangchang 张场镇
* Qile 齐乐镇

### township

* Shunlong 顺龙乡

## Climate

Climate data for Danling, elevation 496 m (1,627 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.6 (65.5) | 23.8 (74.8) | 32.1 (89.8) | 33.0 (91.4) | 35.1 (95.2) | 37.5 (99.5) | 36.9 (98.4) | 38.3 (100.9) | 35.2 (95.4) | 29.6 (85.3) | 26.1 (79.0) | 19.1 (66.4) | 38.3 (100.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.3 (48.7) | 12.4 (54.3) | 16.9 (62.4) | 22.8 (73.0) | 26.7 (80.1) | 28.8 (83.8) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.2 (86.4) | 26.2 (79.2) | 20.9 (69.6) | 16.5 (61.7) | 10.9 (51.6) | 21.0 (69.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.1 (43.0) | 8.8 (47.8) | 12.4 (54.3) | 17.8 (64.0) | 21.7 (71.1) | 24.1 (75.4) | 26.0 (78.8) | 25.5 (77.9) | 22.1 (71.8) | 17.5 (63.5) | 13.1 (55.6) | 7.9 (46.2) | 16.9 (62.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.9 (39.0) | 6.2 (43.2) | 9.2 (48.6) | 14.0 (57.2) | 17.9 (64.2) | 20.7 (69.3) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.1 (71.8) | 19.5 (67.1) | 15.4 (59.7) | 10.8 (51.4) | 5.7 (42.3) | 14.0 (57.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.4 (25.9) | −2.0 (28.4) | 0.2 (32.4) | 5.5 (41.9) | 8.7 (47.7) | 14.0 (57.2) | 16.7 (62.1) | 15.9 (60.6) | 12.8 (55.0) | 5.0 (41.0) | 1.6 (34.9) | −3.7 (25.3) | −3.7 (25.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13.6 (0.54) | 18.8 (0.74) | 34.4 (1.35) | 63.8 (2.51) | 94.4 (3.72) | 126.4 (4.98) | 252.1 (9.93) | 275.1 (10.83) | 119.6 (4.71) | 57.0 (2.24) | 24.6 (0.97) | 10.9 (0.43) | 1,090.7 (42.95) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.9 | 10.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 15.8 | 16.5 | 16.3 | 16.5 | 16.0 | 16.4 | 10.0 | 9.1 | 165 |
| Average snowy days | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84 | 81 | 77 | 75 | 73 | 78 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 82 | 83 | 80 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 32.9 | 45.9 | 78.6 | 105.3 | 112.7 | 105.3 | 111.9 | 125.8 | 68.9 | 43.9 | 49.8 | 35.8 | 916.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 10 | 15 | 21 | 27 | 27 | 25 | 26 | 31 | 19 | 13 | 16 | 11 | 20 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# Halchidhoma

The Halchidhoma (Maricopa: Xalychidom Piipaa or Xalychidom Piipaash – 'people who live toward the water') are a Native American tribe now living mostly on the Salt River reservation, but formerly native to the area along the lower Colorado River in California and Arizona when first contacted by Europeans. In the early nineteenth century, under pressure from their hostile Mohave and Quechan neighbors, they moved to the middle Gila River, where some merged with the Maricopa, and others went on to Salt River and maintained an independent identity.
The Halchidhoma currently speak the Maricopa language.

## History

The Halchidhoma entered written history in 1604–1605, when a Spanish expedition coming overland from New Mexico under Juan de Oñate encountered the "Alebdoma" on the lower Colorado River, below its junction with the Gila River. When the Jesuit missionary-explorer Eusebio Francisco Kino returned to the river in 1700, the Halchidhoma had moved to a portion of the river 100 miles farther north.
A system of military alliances and traditional hostilities seems to have prevailed among the relatively warlike tribes of the lower Colorado and Gila rivers. This may account for the Halchidhoma's move during the seventeenth century. The Halchidhoma were part of an alliance that also included the Maricopa and Cocopa, among others, and was opposed by the Quechan and Mohave. In the 1820s, the Halchidhoma were finally driven from the Colorado River. They took refuge with the Maricopa on the middle Gila River. In the following decades, some continued on to Lehi on the Salt River and maintained a separate identity, while others stayed and became assimilated to the Maricopa. The territory on the Colorado River vacated by the Halchidhoma was subsequently occupied by the Chemehuevi.

## Population

Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most native groups in California have varied substantially. (See Population of Native California.) The Franciscan missionary-explorer Francisco Garcés estimated the Halchidhoma population in 1776 as 2,500. Alfred L. Kroeber (1925:883) put the 1770 population of the Halchidhoma at 1,000.

## Language

Historical records indicate that there once was a separate Halchidhoma language within the Yuman family, in the River Yuman subdivision. Due to war and conflict with European settlers, the Halchidhoma settled in with the Maricopa people, in their current location around Greater Phoenix. The Halchidhoma currently identify themselves with the Maricopa tribe, and many live in Lehi, which is a small community within the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community on the south banks of the Salt River. They continue to speak what they refer to as the Halchidhoma language.

## Modern relationship with Maricopa

Halchidhoma people in the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community nearly universally identify themselves in English as Maricopa, although both groups testify that they are separate, maintaining separate languages and identities (Kelly 1972:264).
# Michelle Rocca

Michelle Mary Teresa Rocca (born 1961) is an Irish-Italian tv host, former model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Ireland 1980. The following year, she married footballer John Devine. Two years after their divorce in 1990 she met and later married, Northern Irish singer Van Morrison.

## Career

Rocca grew up in a large family with two brothers and three sisters. Rocca attended University College Dublin studying Greek and Roman Civilization, as well as Italian and French Archaeology. She is fluent in several languages and has earned an MA degree from Trinity College in Dublin and also a degree from Bristol University.
She was named Miss Ireland in 1980 and was the number 3 finalist in the Miss International 1981 pageant. She worked in the family business and also modeled until she joined RTÉ in 1987 as a television presenter. In 1988, she co-hosted the Eurovision Song Contest 1988 with Pat Kenny in front of a worldwide audience of 600 million viewers. She continued to model, with occasional presenting jobs, such as the Miss World 1990 contest in London.
Rocca later became a psychology and motivational teacher with a master's degree in philosophy and English.

## Personal life

Rocca is the daughter of Paddy and Maureen Rocca, and granddaughter of Italian immigrant Egidio Rocca.
Rocca began dating Arsenal and Irish International footballer John Devine when she was 17 and they were married in 1981 and lived in England. The couple had two daughters. They separated in 1987 and she returned to Dublin with the children. They divorced in 1990. She was engaged to Cathal Ryan, son of multi-millionaire Tony Ryan who co-founded Ryanair and owned Guinness Peat Aviation. After living together for two years, they separated when Michelle was expecting their child, who was born in April 1991. Upon Cathal Ryan's death in December 2007 of cancer, Rocca was quoted as saying, "He was a wonderful father to Claudia; he and I had a very good relationship over the past number of years and he will be greatly missed by all of us."
Rocca met Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison in the summer of 1992. They married in the mid-1990s and divorced on 24 March 2018. They have two children, Aibhe and Fionn Ivan. She was the second woman to appear on one of Morrison's album covers—1995's Days Like This. The first was Morrison's first wife Janet "Planet" Rigsbee, who appeared on the cover of 1971's Tupelo Honey. Rocca also appeared on the cover of the October 1994 tribute album, No Prima Donna: The Songs of Van Morrison.
Rocca has five children. She also has a granddaughter, who was born in February 2001.
# Lac des Joncs

The lac des Joncs is a small mountain lake located in Les Paccots, canton of Fribourg, in Switzerland.

## Geography

It's situated at an elevation of 1,235 m above sea level. The maximum depth of the lake is approximatively 20 meters. The lake is more than 5,000 years old.

## Fauna and flora

The lac des Joncs is a protected site registered on the Swiss Federal Inventory of Amphibian Spawning Areas. A path leads along the lake and one can learn about the specific fauna and flora of the lake on educational boards.
It's one of the four places in Switzerland where it's possible to spot the dwarf water lily.
To help protect the fragile environment of the lake and for safety reasons, swimming, boating, or diving is not allowed.
# World Drug-Free Powerlifting Federation

The World Drug-Free Powerlifting Federation (WDFPF) is an international powerlifting federation, founded in 1988, with 22 member countries. Its current president is Wim Backelant.
The federation is created specifically as a drug-free alternative international platform in order to provide fair competition world-wide for those powerlifters who wish to train and compete without performance-enhancing drugs. WDFPF has adopted rigorous drug control procedures, which is also applied to all national organizations affiliated to the WDFPF, as a pre-condition of their registration with the world body.

## Competition types

The WDFPF offers both equipped and unequipped lifting. In the equipped division single ply bench shirts are allowed in polyester or denim. Canvas and open backed shirts are not allowed. Single ply lifting suits are allowed in polyester. Canvas and denim are not allowed. Briefs are not legal. Knee wraps are fine up to 2m.
* Powerlifting - is a strength sport that consists of three attempts at maximal weight on three lifts: squat, bench press, and deadlift.
* Unequipped Competing or "RAW" - Allows limited equipment to only wrist wraps and a weightlifting belt. knee sleeves are considered equipped by the WDFPF
* Equipped Competing - Equipped lifters can wear a squat suit, knee wraps or sleeves, a bench shirt, and a deadlift suit. These four things are the things that separate equipped lifters and raw lifters.

## World Championship/World record holders

* Squat Unequipped Records
* Squat Equipped Records
* Bench Unequipped Records
* Bench Equipped
* Deadlift Unequipped Records
* Deadlift Equipped Records

## List of National Affiliates By Region

* Australia
* Belgium
* Canada
* Estonia
* France
* Germany
* Great Britain
* Ireland
* Italy
* Malta
* Moldova
* Russia
* Switzerland
* Turkmenistan
* Ukraine
* USA
# Mahadai Das

Mahadai Das was a Guyanese poet. She was born in Eccles, East Bank Demerara, Guyana, in 1954. She wrote poetry from her early school days at The Bishops' High School, Georgetown. She did her first degree at the University of Guyana and received her B.A. in philosophy at Columbia University, New York, and then began a doctoral programme in Philosophy at the University of Chicago. Das became very ill and was never able to complete the programme.

## Background

She was a dancer, actress, teacher and beauty queen (Ms. Dewali, 1971), served as a volunteer member of the Guyana National Service around 1976 and was part of the Messenger Group promoting ‘Coolie’ art forms at a time when Indo-Guyanese culture was virtually excluded from national life. She was one of the first Indo-Caribbean women to be published. Her poetry explicitly relates to ethnic identity, something which contrasts her with other female Indo Caribbean poets. Another theme in her writing is the working conditions in the Caribbean islands. Das's A Leaf in His Ear was included in an article on "10 Female Caribbean Authors You Should Know". One of Das's last published work of poetry was named "bones" and was published in 1988 by the Peepal Press of London.
Guyana faced big social and political problems dealing with corrupt and unfair laws and government. Das tried to find ways to solve these issues and was a part of the Working People's Alliance whose goal, like Das's, was to find resolutions to the number of problems Guyana faced on a daily basis regarding politics and social issues.

## Death

Das died April 3, 2003, in Barbados, from an illness relating to cardiac arrest which was suffered 10 days before her death.

## Themes

There are a few reoccurring themes in many of Das's writings including the very poor and unfair working conditions that many Caribbean people sadly have to endure for their entire life. In addition to poor working conditions, another reoccurring themes in Das's writings have to do with is ethnic identity and people finding who they really are and coming to terms with who they are despite all the negativity coming from outside Europeans. These themes, although reoccurring in Das's many writings and poems, also tend to be the theme of a majority of Caribbean authors.
* Bones (Peepal Tree Press Ltd., 1988)
* A Leaf in His Ear: Selected Poems (Peepal Tree Press Ltd., 2010)
Several of her poems were included in The Heinemann Book of Caribbean Poetry (Heinemann, 1992).
# Harold Sumberg

Harold Sumberg (August 25, 1905 – January 6, 1994) was an American-born Canadian violinist, teacher, conductor, and adjudicator.
Born in Rochester, New York, he studied violin with Carl Markees, Henry Holst, and Willy Hess at the Hochschule für Musik in Berlin (now the Berlin University of the Arts). Sumberg taught for many years at the Royal Conservatory of Music (Toronto) and founded the Conservatory String Quartet in 1929.
He performed with the Toronto Symphony Orchestra as principal second violin (1931-1957) and then associate concertmaster (1961-1975). He performed as a soloist and collaborated with many important musicians, such as Glenn Gould. In 1967 he recorded with Duke Ellington on Ellington’s "North of the Border" album. He adjudicated at festivals including "Canadian Open Old Time Fiddlers' Contest" 1955-84.
Sumberg was also known for his collection of fine violin bows. He often played on a Collin-Mezin violin, though it was not the finest instrument in his collection, which may have been a superb violin bearing the label Lorenzo Guadagnini, on which he played for many years.
He died in Toronto, Ontario in 1994. He was buried in the Mount Sinai Memorial Park.