OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stone City Art Colony

42°07′N 91°21′W﻿ / ﻿42.11°N 91.35°W﻿ / 42.11; -91.35
The Stone City Art Colony was an art colony founded by Edward Rowan, Adrian Dornbush, and Grant Wood. The colony gathered on the John A. Green Estate in Stone City, Iowa during the summers of 1932 and 1933.

## History

The colony was started by Edward Rowan, director of the Little Gallery in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Adrian Dornbush, former director of the Flint Institute of Art and a Little Gallery art instructor, and famous local artist Grant Wood. Rowan was the primary facilitator of the creation of the colony. His commitment to the project led the Carnegie Foundation to invest $1000 in the colony's creation.
The Stone City Art Colony was meant as an alternative to more established artist colonies in Woodstock and Santa Fe, allowing artists located in the Midwest to have an easily accessible site for residency. Residents lived in ice house wagons that they decorated themselves. Wood later employed many of the artists at the colony in the Public Works of Art Project (later named Civil Works Administration) which he administered for the state of Iowa, producing a large number of Depression Era murals (thanks to the New Deal) that still decorate many post offices and public buildings in Iowa.
The art colony was always plagued by financial difficulties; 1933 was its final summer and it had already began suffering financial hardships before opening for the year. When it did close that fall, its assets were sold off to pay its debts. Even though Wood and the other faculty taught there free of charge, the colony had never become financially self-sustaining.

## Notable faculty

* Adrian Dornbush, painting instructor and colony director
* Edward Rowan, lecturer and consultant for the colony
* Grant Wood, advanced painting instructor
* Arnold Pyle, framing designer and instructor
* David McCosh, painting and lithography instructor
* Francis Chapin, lithography
* Florence Sprague, sculpture instructor
* Marvin Cone, figure drawing instructor
* Jefferson Randolph Smith, "business manager." Husband of Florence Sprague and son of outlaw Soapy Smith

## Notable students

* Lee Allen (1910–2006)
* Isabel Bloom (1908–2001)
* John Bloom (1906-2002)
* Lela Powers Briggs (1896-1953)
* Marion Gilmore (1909-1984)
* Nan Wood Graham (1899–1990)
* Conger Metcalf (1914–1998)
* Marjorie Ann Nuhn (1898–1988)
* Daniel Rhodes (1911–1989)
* Persis Robertson (1896–1992)
# Collaborations (Jill Scott album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | |
| AllMusic | |
| Robert Christgau | |
| Dallas Observer | Mixed |
| Entertainment Weekly | B− |
| PopMatters | 4/10 |
Collaborations is a compilation album by American singer Jill Scott, released on January 30, 2007, by Hidden Beach Recordings. The album consists of past collaborations between Scott and other artists, in addition to two remixes of "Love Rain" featuring Mos Def. The CD release is accompanied by a Hidden Beach sampler including two Scott songs, "In Stereo" and the live version of "The Fact Is (I Need You)".

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of Collaborations.
* Jill Scott – vocals (all tracks)
* Vidal Davis – production (tracks 1, 4, 5, 9, 14); additional production (track 7)
* Craig Kallman – production (track 2)
* I Monster – additional production (track 2)
* Bobby Colomby – production (track 3)
* Andre Harris – production (tracks 4, 7, 9)
* will.i.am – production (track 6)
* Jay Dee – production (track 8)
* James Poyser – production (track 8)
* Junius Bervine – production (track 10)
* Jeff Townes – production (track 11)
* Darren "Limitless" Henson – production (track 11)
* John Burk – production (track 12)
* Kirk Franklin – production (track 13)
# Sunshine (The Emotions album)

Sunshine is an album by American girl group the Emotions, released in November 1977 by Stax Records. The album reached No. 39 on the Billboard Top Soul Albums chart. The Emotions covered Bill Withers' "Ain't No Sunshine" and Carla Thomas' "Gee Whiz (Look at His Eyes)" on the album.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Record Mirror | |
| Rolling Stone | |
Andrew Hamilton of AllMusic wrote retrospectively: "Sunshine has some excellent cuts and some that don't quite fit the Chicagoans' style." John Storm Roberts of High Fidelity wrote: "Fantasy Records has begun reissuing some of the old Stax catalog, and "Sunshine" is part of that venture-a bunch of singles backed by Stax house musicians, none of them previously released on albums. The result is pure and amazingly cohesive joy. Without once departing from the classic framework of female group rhythm & blues, "Sunshine" is as rich and varied as anything I've heard in months. With only one exception, Any Way You Look at It, every number positively drips with tasty touches in arrangement, singing. and playing." With a 3.5 out of 5 stars rating John Shearlaw of Record Mirror exclaimed "Old Emotions, new Emotions-they're just as good." Phyl Garland of Stereo Review commented: "Sunshine sounds amazingly fresh. Vocal artistry prevails over background effects as the Emotions weave their way in and out of cool, melodious songs."

## Singles

The song "Shouting Out Love" peaked at No. 31 on the Billboard Hot Soul Songs chart.

## Personnel
### The Emotions

* Sheila Hutchinson - vocals
* Theresa Davis - vocals
* Wanda Hutchinson - vocals
with:
* Bobby Manuel, Michael Toles - guitar
* Donald "Duck" Dunn, Earl Thomas - bass guitar
* Lester Snell, Marvell Thomas, Ronnie Williams - keyboards
* Al Jackson Jr., Willie Hall - drums
* The Memphis Horns - brass
* The Detroit Strings - strings
* The Memphis Symphony - orchestra
* Dale Warren, James Mitchell, Johnny Allen - arrangements
# Randy Richardville

Randall "Randy" Richardville (born August 15, 1959) is a Michigan Republican, who served as Majority Leader of the Michigan State Senate until his tenure ended January 1, 2015 due to term limits. He was state senator for the 17th district, which consists of all of Monroe, southern Washtenaw, and eastern Jackson counties, having taken office on January 1, 2007. He previously served in the Michigan House of Representatives for the 56th District from 1998 to 2004. This district covered the area of northeast Monroe County, Michigan.

## Biography

Richardville was born in Monroe, Michigan, where he graduated from Monroe Catholic Central High School— known today as St. Mary Catholic Central— in 1977. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics and Management, from Albion College in 1981, and he received his master's degree in management from Aquinas College in 1989.
Richardville has worked for several Fortune 500 and Fortune 1000 companies, including La-Z-Boy, Herman Miller, and North Star Steel.

## Political career

He was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives in 1998 and served three two-year terms. As soon as he entered into office, he introduced a bill to decrease the state income tax rate, and this bill was signed into law in 1999. He soon became the Assistant Whip of the House. In his second term, he was elevated to Assistant Majority Floor Leader. In his final term, he became the Majority Floor Leader, which is the second highest-ranking member of the House, consisting of 110 representatives from throughout the state. He could not seek re-election for state representative for a fourth term in 2004, as Michigan limits its state representatives to three terms.
He ran for state senator for the 17th District of Michigan in the 2006 election. The previous district Senator, Beverly S. Hammerstrom, was ineligible for the 2006 ballot, as she had already served two full terms — the maximum number for senators. Richardville's main focus throughout his senatorial campaign, as it has been throughout his political career, was increasing jobs and the economy, health care and benefits for senior citizens, and education. On August 8, he won the district's primary election for the Republican Party nomination, defeating Milan mayor Owen Diaz. In the general election, he defeated Democrat Bob Shockman. Upon winning the election, he vowed to uphold his campaign promises to address the state's growing economic crisis. Richardville was reelected November 2, 2010 in which he will serve his 2nd and final term as State Senator, and Senate Majority Leader (due to term limits). His term as senator lasted from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2014.
| Year | Election | Defeated | Election results |
| 1998 | House | Larry Rufledge (D) | 51.55–48.45% |
| 2000 | House | Herb Kehrl (D) | 50.42–47.52% |
| 2002 | House | Joshua Sacks (D) | 65.84–34.16% |
| 2006 | Senate | Bob Shockman (D) | 55.33–44.67% |
| 2010 | Senate | John Spencer (D) | 61.8–39.2% |
# 1972 Drake Bulldogs football team

The 1972 Drake Bulldogs football team represented Drake University during the 1972 NCAA University Division football season. It was the seventy-ninth year for the football program. The season ended with a 7–5 record, capturing the Missouri Valley Conference championship. The Bulldogs participated in the 1972 Pioneer Bowl.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 16 | 1:00 p.m. | West Texas State | | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 42–12 | 17,100 |
| September 23 | 1:00 p.m. | at Memphis State | | Liberty Bowl Memorial StadiumMemphis, TN | W 23–7 | |
| September 30 | 1:00 p.m. | North Texas State | No. 8 | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 54–8 | 15,500 |
| October 7 | 1:00 p.m. | at South Dakota* | No. 5 | Inman FieldVermillion, SD | L 23–28 | 8,000 |
| October 14 | 1:00 p.m. | Northern Iowa* | | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 21–14 | 7,220 |
| October 21 | 12:00 p.m. | at Tampa* | No. 9 | Tampa StadiumTampa, FL | L 7–24 | |
| October 28 | 1:00 p.m. | New Mexico State | | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 28–10 | |
| November 4 | 3:30 p.m. | Southern Illinois* | | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 19–9 | 10,000–12,300 |
| November 11 | 1:00 p.m. | Northeast Louisiana* | | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 35–7 | 9,000–10,500 |
| November 18 | 1:00 p.m. | at Idaho State* | No. 10 | ASISU MinidomePocatello, ID | L 21–24 | 10,000 |
| November 21 | 1:00 p.m. | at Louisville | | Cardinal StadiumLouisville, KY | L 0–27 | |
| December 9 | 1:00 p.m. | vs. No. 5 Tennessee State* | | Memorial StadiumWichita Falls, TX (Pioneer Bowl) | L 21–29 | 9,200 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Central time ||||||||
# Elk Mountain (Grand County, Colorado)

Elk Mountain is a prominent mountain summit in the Rabbit Ears Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The 11,424-foot (3,482 m) peak is located in Arapaho National Forest, 12.9 miles (20.8 km) northwest by west (bearing 301°) of the Town of Granby in Grand County, Colorado, United States.
# Kermesite

Kermesite or antimony oxysulfide is also known as red antimony or purpur blende (Sb$_2$S$_2$O) . The mineral's color ranges from cherry red to a dark red to a black. Kermesite is the result of partial oxidation between stibnite (Sb$_2$S$_3$) and other antimony oxides such as valentinite (Sb$_2$O$_3$) or stibiconite (Sb$_3$O$_6$(OH)). Under certain conditions with oxygenated fluids the transformation of all sulfur to oxygen would occur but kermesite occurs when that transformation is halted.

## Mining and specimens

Deposits of this mineral have been found all over the world, however notable deposits have been found in Braunsdorf, near Freiberg, Saxony, Germany; Pernek, Pezinok, and Pribram, Czechoslovakia; the Lac Nicolet mine, South Ham Township, Wolfe County, Quebec, Canada; Sombrerete, Zacatecas, Mexico; Santa Cruz and San Francisco mines, Poopo, Oruro, Bolivia; Que Que, Zimbabwe; Djebel Haminate, Algeria; Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia; Mohave, Kern County, California and Burke, Shoshone County, Idaho.

## History and uses

Kermesite is named after a formerly used red dye, kermes (dye), and was so named because of the grainy reddish color the mineral often has. The name dates from 1832. Earlier in English (17th and 18th centuries) certain antimony compounds were called "kermes mineral" for the same reason.
Kermesite or red antimony has been used as early as the Old Kingdom’s 6th Dynasty in ancient Egypt (c. 2345–2181 BCE) in lip cosmetics and in the 18th Dynasty Queen Hatshepsut (Maatkare) (1498–1483 BCE) negotiated with the Land of Punt for its colored antimony deposits. Besides stibnite, which was used for eye liner red, antimony is one of the oldest minerals used in cosmetics. Further archaeological evidence indicates that antimony levels were higher in ancient Egyptian female remains which had exposure to both antimony compounds (Bencze, 1994). Because of its color, the precipitate of kermesite was used as a coloring agent and in alchemy. Because of alchemy’s focus on material transformation as evidenced by color, red antimony was used to produce the red state. Kermesite is the mineral state for Kermes mineral which was used extensively in the medical field for centuries
Presently, kermesite is collected for the beauty of its crystal metallic structure and not used in either cosmetics or the medical field any longer due to the toxic effects that it shares with antimony; less harmful substitutes have been found using both organic and pharmaceutical production.
# Monica Mæland

Monica Mæland (born 6 February 1968) is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party who served as Minister of Justice from 2020 to 2021. Previously she served as Minister Local Government from 2018 to 2020, and Minister of Trade and Industry from 2013 to 2018. In local politics, she was the Chief Commissioner of Bergen from 2003 to 2013, and leader of the Hordaland Conservatives from 2002 to 2004.

## Background

Mæland was born in Bergen and grew up in Arendal. She holds a cand.jur. degree from the University of Bergen (1994), and practiced as a lawyer until entering politics full-time.

## Political career
### Local politics

Mæland was elected to the City Council in Bergen in 1999, and was a member until she became Chief Commissioner. She formed her first cabinet on 27 October 2003. The first Mæland cabinet held a minority of the votes in the city council, and consisted of the Conservative Party, the Christian Democratic Party and the Liberal Party. After the 2007 local election she formed her second cabinet, a majority cabinet, consisting of the Christian Democratic Party and the Progress Party. The Progress Party left the cabinet on 28 April 2009, due to a disagreement about continuing the lifespan of the toll ring financing the Bergen Program for Transport, Urban Development and the Environment. The party reentered the cabinet a year later, and the political cooperation was resumed based on the agreement signed after the 2007 election.
After the 2011 election, Mæland formed her third cabinet, with the same parties as in her latter cabinet.
Mæland was also the leader, and prior to that, deputy leader, of the County branch of the Conservative Party.
Mæland is the second Chief Commissioner in Bergen after the parliamentary system was introduced in 2000, and the only one to have won re-election.

### Minister

When Solberg's cabinet was formed in October 2013, Mæland was appointed Minister of Trade and Industry, a post she held until January 2018. In January 2018, she was appointed Minister of Local Government after the Liberal Party entered the cabinet. She overlook the county and municipal mergers that started in early 2018 and was finalized by January 2020. Later in January 2020, she was appointed Minister of Justice after the Progress Party withdrew from the Solberg cabinet.
# Greenhouse (music group)

Greenhouse is an American hip hop group from Columbus, Ohio. Originally formed as Greenhouse Effect by Blueprint, Inkwel, and Manifest, it now consists of Blueprint and Illogic.

## History

In 1997, Greenhouse Effect was formed by Blueprint, Inkwel, and Manifest. In 1999, the group released the debut EP, Up to Speed. The first album, Life Sentences, was released in 2003.
After Inkwel's leaving the group, Blueprint and Manifest released the album, Columbus or Bust, in 2005. In 2009, it was announced that Illogic replaced Manifest and that Greenhouse Effect changed the name to Greenhouse.
In 2009, Blueprint and Illogic released the Electric Purgatory: Part One EP, which was followed by the Electric Purgatory: Part Two EP in the next year. In 2013, Greenhouse released the album, Bend But Don't Break.

## Members
### Current

* Blueprint - rapper, producer
* Illogic - rapper

### Former

* Inkwel - rapper
* Manifest - rapper

## Discography
### Albums

* Life Sentences (2003)
* Columbus or Bust (2005)
* Bend But Don't Break (2013)

### EPs

* Up to Speed (1999)
* Greenhouse Effect vs. Radiohead (2005)
* Electric Purgatory: Part One (2009)
* Electric Purgatory: Part Two (2010)

### Singles

* "Smile" (2010)
# Shoal Lake (Ontario)

Shoal Lake is the name of several lakes in Ontario:
* Shoal Lake (Kenora District, Ontario)
* Shoal Lake (Rainy River District, Ontario)
* Shoal Lake (Nipissing District, Ontario)
* Shoal Lake (Parry Sound District, Ontario)
* Shoal Lake (Thunder Bay District, Ontario)
* Shoal Lake (Algoma District, Ontario)
# Pathinettampadi

Pathinettampadi (Malayalam: പതിനെട്ടാംപടി) are the 18 divine steps to the 'Thirumuttam' of famed Sabarimala temple in Kerala state of India. These steps have a length of 5 feet, width of 9 inches and height of 9 inches. Earlier, these steps were made out of granite and later in 1985, it was covered by 'Panchaloha', a composition of five metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron and tin. One who undertakes Sabarimala pilgrimage must mark his foots over these steps by carrying an 'irumudikettu' and undergoing a vratam (penance) of 41 days. The pilgrims who climbed the Pathinettampadi for 18 times needs to plant a young coconut tree at Sannidhanam and thereby becomes a 'Guruswami'. In the past, devotees used to break coconuts on these steps which was later restricted and replaced.

## Symbolism of eighteen steps

The first five steps represents 'Panchendriyas', which are the five human senses such as eye, ear, nose, skin and mouth. The next eight steps represents "Ashtaragas' which includes Kama (desire), Krodha (anger), Lobha (inordinate desire), Moha (attachment), Madha (pride), Matsarya (unhealthy competition), Asuya (jealousy) and Dhumb (braggy). The next three steps represents 'Thrigunas' or the three qualities of Sathva, Rajas and Thamas. The final two steps indicates Vidya (knowledge) and Avidya (ignorance of knowledge). These steps also symbolizes the eighteen hills that surrounds the Sabarimala temple which are Ponnambalamedu, Gaudanmala, Nagamala, Sundaramala, Karimala, Mathangamala, Mayiladummala, Sreepadamala, Thevarmala, Nilakkalmala, Thalapparamala, Chittambalamala, Ghalkimala, Puthusserymala, Kalakettymala, Inchipparamala, Sabarimala and Neelimala. One who cross all these steps become purified and attains eligibility to get the darshan of lord Ayyappa.

## Significance of eighteen in Sabarimala

The number 18 has a unique position and significance within Hinduism. Some of them are the following;
* The puranas and upa-puranas wrote by Veda Vyasa are eighteen in number.
* The historic Kurukshethra war in Mahabharata lasted for eighteen days and it had eighteen Akshauhini armies.
* Mahabharatha has eighteen parvas.
* The Bhagavad Gita and Vedas have eighteen chapters.
* Sabarimala temple is surrounded by eighteen hills and it has eighteen steps.

## Padi pooja

The padi pooja is a ritualistic pooja performed by the thantri accompanied by the Melshanthi (chief priest) to the eighteen hill deities who guards Ayyappa. The steps are decorated with beautiful flowers and each of them will have lamps. The rituals are concluded by the Aarathi by tantri. In fact, it is the most expensive vazhipadu or offering at Sannidhanam.

## Gallery

| The closed Pathinettampadi | Devotees climbing Pathinettampadi | Pilgrims at Pathinettampadi |
# Larry Zox

Lawrence "Larry" Zox (May 31, 1937 – December 16, 2006) was an American painter and printmaker who is classified as an Abstract expressionist, Color Field painter and a Lyrical Abstractionist, although he did not readily use those categories for his work.

## History

Zox was born in Des Moines, Iowa to Oscar and Mildred (née Friedman) Zox, but moved to New York City at an early age. He lived an artist's life, running in the circles of many prominent names in the art world. In recent years he had relocated to his second home in Colchester, Connecticut. Zox was considered an abstract artist, but more often he described himself as a colorist.
Zox received his education at the University of Oklahoma and Drake University. He studied with George Grosz at the Des Moines Art Center. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and received grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Adolph and Esther Gottlieb Foundation. He was Artist-in Residence at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Dartmouth College, and Yale University.
His work has been exhibited in many one-person and group shows including the Whitney Museum of American Art (New York City); the Museum of Modern Art (NY); Albright-Knox Art Gallery (Buffalo, New York); Art Institute of Chicago; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; and Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (NY). In recent years his work has been exhibited at the Stephen Haller Gallery and the Berry Campbell Gallery in New York City and Rocket Gallery, London. His estate is represented by Berry Campbell Gallery.
He died, aged 69, from cancer and was survived by his second wife, the former Virginia King, his two children from his first marriage Alexander and Melinda, a brother Alan Zox, a sister Susan Zox-Smith, and his brother-in law, the painter David R. Prentice among others.

## Selected public collections

* Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY
* Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, NY
* Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY
* Tate Modern, London, United Kingdom
* Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, DC
* Neues Museum Weserburg Bremen, Bremen, Germany
* Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, Ma
* Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University, Boston, MA
* Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, TX
* Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, Dallas, Tx
* Des Moines Art Center, Des Moines, IA
* Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH
* Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, IN
* Portland Art Museum, Portland, OR
* Addison Gallery of American Art, Andover, MA
* Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
* Boca Raton Museum of Art, Boca Raton, FL
* Brooklyn Museum of Art, Brooklyn, NY
* Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, NY
* Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Art Collection, Albany, NY
# John I (exarch)

John I (Latin: Iohannes; Ancient Greek: Ιωάννης, romanized: Iōánnēs; died 615) was Exarch of Ravenna from 611 until his death in 615.
John was made Exarch of Ravenna in 611, to replace Smaragdus. He seems to have avoided war with the Lombards throughout his 4 year reign from 611 to 615. In 615 he was killed along with a number of other officials. The Liber Pontificalis mentions that one of the first acts of his successor, Eleutherius, was to kill the persons accused of playing a role in the Exarch John's death.
# Volkhov Chudes

Volkhov Chudes (волховская чудь) were a Finno-Ugric people living along the banks of the Volkhov River. The Volkhov Chudes lived upstream from Staraya Ladoga. Pauli Rahkonen's studies of local toponyms suggest that the Volkhov Chudes spoke a Finnic language.
In the southwest the toponymy has more similarities with Mordvinic and Proto-Finnic, while in the southeast toponymy has similarities with Meryan toponymy. It can be seen that the eastern Volkhov Chudes were very close to Meryans, culturally and linguistically.

## Sources

* Rahkonen, Pauli (2011). Finno-Ugrian hydronyms of the River Volkhov and Luga catchment areas (PDF). Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura. pp. 205–266. Retrieved 2013-03-19.