OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Public disclosure

A public disclosure is any non-confidential communication which an inventor or invention owner makes to one or more members of the public, revealing the existence of the invention and enabling an appropriately experienced individual ("person having ordinary skill in the art") to reproduce the invention. A public disclosure may be any form of non-confidential communication. For example an academic poster, presentation to a symposium/conference, website article, book chapter, academic journal article, or even an unguarded conversation in a car park.

## Patent law

In some countries, public disclosure may result in the immediate loss of invention patentability unless a patent application has already been filed, and disclosure may be considered to include oral as well as written communication.

### Australia

The Full Federal Court of Australia held in Fuchs Lubricants v Quaker Chemical that the patent claims lacked novelty due to public disclosures made by the inventor Mr Thomas before any patent applications were filed. The public disclosures arose in the following way. In about September–October 2010, Mr Thompson conceived the idea of using dyes in hydraulic fluid to enable detection of fluid injection injuries. He considered it would be necessary to conduct trials and experiments using hydraulic fluid in real operational mining equipment, so approached the engineering manager of Peabody Energy Australia Pty Ltd, which operated the Metropolitan mine in NSW. Mr Thompson disclosed the invention by explaining his proposed method (i.e., the invention) and discussed the possibility of running trials and experiments at the Metropolitan mine. A further disclosure occurred about a month later when, in the carpark of the Metropolitan mine, Mr Thompson demonstrated his invention to two Peabody managers. The Court found that these disclosures were not confidential and therefore constituted public disclosures that compromised the novelty of the invention.

### United States

In the U.S., public disclosure of an invention results in the loss of patentability of the invention after a period of one year.
35 U.S.C. § 102 establishes various statutory bars to invention patentability with regard to invention novelty; these explicit bars preclude patentability as exceptions to a general underlying entitlement. The public disclosure bar is one of the bars established in section 102 (b):
"(b) the invention was patented or described in a printed publication in this or a foreign country or in public use or on sale in this country, more than one year prior to the date of the application for patent in the United States..."
"Printed publications" generally include all paper and electronic forms of publication. For example, books, scientific journals, posters, conference slide presentations, and website articles would all qualify as disclosure media.
# Stop-loss insurance

Stop-loss insurance is insurance that protects insurers against large claims. Stop-loss policies take effect after a certain threshold has been exceeded in claims.

## Overview

Insurance companies themselves, as well as self-insuring employers, purchase stop-loss coverage for a premium to protect themselves. In the case of a participant reaching more than the specific (or "individual") stop-loss deductible ($300,000, for example), the insurer will reimburse the insured (the company, not the participant) for the remainder of the claim to be paid over that deductible amount.
There is also typically an aggregate-claims deductible, which is applied to all paid claims combined. For all claims at or below their specific stop-loss level, if the sum of these are more than the aggregate stop loss level, then the insurer will reimburse the insured for the difference.
Insurance companies and health and benefits consultants typically use mathematical models analyzing historical claims data to project expected stop loss premiums into the future to control for stop loss coverage costs and estimate the value of coverage PEPM (per employee per month) or PEPY.

## In health insurance

Companies providing health insurance for their employees through a self-insured plan often subscribe to stop loss policies in order to protect themselves against catastrophic claims. The organization that takes the insurance policy is called "the insured" and the employees and other people who are covered through the policy are called "participants." Most of the time there is an annual limit for the stop loss amount for each participant and an aggregate amount for each policy year. The premium is calculated for each employee for each month. The premium is based on the number of participants, age of the participants, and various other information.

## Examples

At Lloyd's of London, Personal Stop Loss (PSL) is a type of insurance policy which limits the losses of names all of whom did (and some of whom still do) underwrite with unlimited liability. Provided that the PSL responds to the claims made on it, the unlimited liability thereby becomes to some extent limited.
PSL policies are not always available at all. Some are available as "mutuals" and, in the event that the market suffers large losses, may be unable to respond to any great extent.
# Farouk Kaspaules

Farouk Kaspaules is an Iraqi-born Canadian artist of Assyrian origin, noted for his engravings and silk-screen photography.

## Life and career

Born in Baghdad, Kaspaules left Iraq in the mid-1970s for political reasons. After a brief stay in the United States, he chose Canada as his country of exile and settled in Ottawa. He received his art education at the University of Ottawa, graduating in 1989 with Bachelor degrees in Fine Arts and Art History.
He has contributed to the arts community in Canada through his active involvement in artist-run centres and community organizations.
He mixes traditional Arabic iconography with modern symbols to produce works that reflect themes of exile, cultural displacement and related social issues.

## Work

Kaspaules works in oils and mixed media. He also executes engravings and silk-screen photography.
During his first European exhibition in London, England, in 1993, he established links with other exiled artists from the Middle East, specifically from Iraq. These encounters led to a turning point in his artistic production, which became more politically explicit.
In 2001, Kaspaules's installation …and at night we leave our dreams on window sill, memory of a place (2000) was included in the major exhibition The Lands within Me: Expressions by Canadian Artists of Arab Origin, which opened at the Canadian Museum of History soon after the September 11 attacks.
In 2016, Kaspaule exhibited works in There’s Room: Ottawa Artists Respond to the Refugee Crisis, held at Gallery 101.
Kaspaules has participated in some 20 solo and collective exhibitions in Canada, England, Hungary, France, Chile and Brazil.

## Solo exhibitions

* 1993- A Personal Memory, Kufa Gallery, London, England
* 1995 - Non Sequitur
* 2000 - The Lands Within Me – Memory of a Place
* 2003 - State of Things
* 2003 - The 9th International Cairo Biennale, Cairo, Egypt
* 2004 - Crossing Borders
* 2005 - Traces
* 2006 - Iconoclast
* 2007 - Be/Longing Ottawa Art Gallery, Ottawa, Canada
* 2008 - Inhabitants, Centre d'exposition L'Imagier, Aylmer, Quebec
# Albert Nelson

Albert Nelson may refer to:
* Albert Nelson (actor), American actor
* Albert Nelson (sculptor) (1949–2021), American sculptor, brother of Martha Nelson Thomas
* Albert Nelson, 6th Earl Nelson (1890–1957), British peer
* Albert H. Nelson (1812–1858), American jurist and politician
* Al Nelson (born 1943), American football cornerback
* Albert Nelson, designer of The Nelsonian
* Albert Nelson (1923–1992), known by his stage name Albert King
* Red Nelson (Albert Francis Nelson, 1886–1956), pitcher in Major League Baseball
# 1971 North Dakota Fighting Sioux football team

The 1971 North Dakota Fighting Sioux football team, also known as the Nodaks, was an American football team that represented the University of North Dakota in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1971 NCAA College Division football season. In its fourth year under head coach Jerry Olson, the team compiled a 6–3–1 record (5–2 against NCC opponents), won the NCC championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 245 to 142. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Grand Forks, North Dakota.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 11 | vs. Montana State* | Daylis StadiumBillings, MT | W 17–15 | 6,500–7,000 |
| September 18 | Montana* | Memorial StadiumGrand Forks, ND | L 14–27 | 10,100 |
| September 25 | at Mankato State | Blakeslee StadiumMankato, MN | L 10–13 | 3,000 |
| October 2 | Augustana (SD) | Memorial StadiumGrand Forks, ND | W 26–10 | 3,400 |
| October 9 | South Dakota State | Memorial StadiumGrand Forks, ND | W 35–7 | 6,570 |
| October 16 | at No. 1 North Dakota State | Dacotah FieldFargo, ND (Nickel Trophy) | W 23–7 | 12,800 |
| October 23 | Morningside | Memorial StadiumGrand Forks, ND | W 59–7 | 5,300 |
| October 30 | at Northern Iowa | O. R. Latham StadiumCedar Falls, IA | W 23–10 | 6,800 |
| November 6 | at South Dakota | Inman FieldVermillion, SD (Sitting Bull Trophy) | L 21–29 | 1,200 |
| November 13 | at UNLV* | Las Vegas StadiumWhitney, NV | T 17–17 | 7,600 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# Edward McClain (Alabama politician)

Edward Browning "E. B." McClain (April 29, 1940 – November 9, 2020) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of both the Alabama Senate (1995 through 2009) and the Alabama House of Representatives (1987 through 1994), before being convicted of felony charges related to his political service.

## Background

McClain was born in Bessemer, Alabama. He received his degree in chemistry from Miles College.

## Conviction

McClain vacated his senate seat on January 21, 2009, after being convicted in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama on 48 counts of theft, money laundering, mail fraud, bribery, conspiracy, and political corruption. In conspiracy with Pastor Samuel L. Pettagrue, McClain stole over $150,000 of government grant money. He was sentenced to 70 months. While in prison on the federal charges, he was also found guilty on a related state charge, for which he was sentenced to one year to be served concurrently with the federal sentence.

## Death

McClain died on November 9, 2020, at his home in Pleasant Grove, Alabama.
# Kim Ga-young (pool player)

Kim Ga-young (Korean: 김가영) (born 13 January 1983 in Seoul; sometimes referred to in the Western media as Ga-young Kim and nicknamed "Little Devil Girl") is a South Korean female professional pool player who plays on the Women's Professional Billiard Association Tour. Her father began teaching her to play three-cushion billiards (a form of carom billiards) when she was about twelve years old. After playing three-cushion for about three years, she started playing nine-ball pool and turned pro at the 2003 BCA Open.
Kim practices about 30 hours a week and enjoys a friendly rivalry with fellow Asian WPBA player Pan Xiaoting of China. Kim and Pan met in the finals of the 2007 Carolina Women's Billiard Classic, with Kim prevailing 7–6 in the WPBA's first all-Asian championship match. Kim and Pan finished the 2007 WPBA season ranked 2nd and 3rd, respectively, behind perennially top-ranked Allison Fisher. Kim speaks Mandarin Chinese in addition to her native Korean language.

## Titles

* 2004 WPBA U.S. Open Nine-ball Championship
* 2004 WPA Women's World Nine-ball Championship
* 2005 Tournament of Champions
* 2006 Asian Ladies 9-Ball Billiards Tour
* 2006 WPA Women's World Nine-ball Championship
* 2007 WPBA Carolina Classic
* 2009 WPBA U.S. Open Nine-ball Championship
* 2009 WPBA Colorado Classic
* 2009 East Asian Games Nine-Ball Singles
* 2010 WPBA U.S. Open Nine-ball Championship
* 2010 Tournament of Champions
* 2010 Billiards Digest Player of the Year
* 2011 WPA Amway Cup 9-Ball Open
* 2011 WPBA Tour Championships
* 2011 Tournament of Champions
* 2012 WPA Women's World Ten-ball Championship
* 2012 Tournament of Champions
* 2013 Ultimate 10-Ball Championship
* 2013 WPBA Masters
* 2013 Queens Cup
* 2014 WPBA Masters
* 2014 Billiards Digest Player of the Year
* 2015 China Open 9-Ball Championship
* 2015 All Japan Championship Nine-ball
* 2015 Tournament of Champions
* 2015 Tornado Open 9-Ball
* 2015 Billiards Digest Player of the Year
* 2016 WPBA U.S. Open Nine-ball Championship
* 2018 WPBA Grand Slam Nine-ball
* 2019 World Team Trophy Women's 9-Ball
# Obruchevichthys

Obruchevichthys is an extinct genus of stem-tetrapod from Latvia during the Late Devonian. When the jawbone, the only known fossil of this creature, was uncovered in Latvia, it was mistaken as a lobe-fin fish. However, when it was analyzed, it proved to hold many similarities to Elginerpeton, from Scotland. It was then declared belonging to the earliest group of tetrapods.
# Anna Łukasik

Anna Łukasik (born 27 July 1987 in Lublin, Poland) is a Polish dressage rider. She represented Poland at the 2014 World Equestrian Games in Normandy, France where she finished 17th in team dressage and 58th in the individual dressage competition.
# RBD: La Familia (album)

RBD: La Familia (English: RBD: The Family) is the first soundtrack album by Mexican pop band RBD. The soundtrack was made to promote the group's 2007 sitcom RBD: La Familia. It was released exclusively by the Mexican television network SKY on March 14, 2007. The compilation includes the newly recorded track "Quiero Poder," which was co-written by RBD band member Dulce María and Gonzalo Schroeder, two acoustic songs, one live track and 6 songs from the group's previous albums. The DVD-side of the soundtrack also included a behind-the-scenes documentary of the recording of "Quiero Poder."
# Sadłuki

Sadłuki (German: Sadlacken) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mikołajki Pomorskie, within Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Mikołajki Pomorskie, 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Sztum, and 64 km (40 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.
Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# The Secret Agent (1992 TV series)

The Secret Agent is a 1992 drama miniseries in three parts, made for the BBC. Directed by David Drury, it is the television adaptation of the 1907 novel The Secret Agent by Joseph Conrad. Starring David Suchet, Cheryl Campbell, and Peter Capaldi, it was first shown in the United Kingdom from 28 October to 11 November 1992. In the U.S. it was the final production introduced for Masterpiece Theatre by host Alistair Cooke.

## Plot

The mostly inactive spy Alfred Verloc is ordered by his superior Mr Vladimir to carry out a terrorist act. Verloc reluctantly plans the operation, seeking help from The Professor. Verloc is also an informant for the police and the Assistant Commissioner and Chief Inspector Heat add additional pressure on Verloc and his attempts to carry out his plan. Verloc’s subsequent actions gravely affect his wife who is devoted to her mentally unbalanced brother Stevie.

## Cast

* David Suchet as Alfred Verloc
* Cheryl Campbell as Winnie Verloc
* Peter Capaldi as Mr. Vladimir
* Warren Clarke as Chief Inspector Heat
* Patrick Malahide as The Assistant Commissioner
* Janet Suzman as Margaret, Duchess of Chester
* Richard Stirling as Stevie
* John Benfield as Michaelis
* Alfred Lynch as The Professor
* Stratford Johns as The Home Secretary
* David Ryan as Wurme
* Doreen Mantle as Mrs. Waller
* David Schofield as Ossipon

## Reception

A contemporary review in The Los Angeles Times described the production positively, writing, "striking performances by both Suchet and Campbell, with the usual support from a clutch of good British character actors, are excellent reasons to keep watching. Another is the way this meticulously detailed psychological drama juxtaposes settings, from the fashionable salons of the upper crust to Verloc's own squalid shopkeeper's digs, as the battle between the empowered and the unempowered leads to an inevitable result." Hoyt Hilsman of Variety called the adaptation "finely drawn, yet somber and slow-paced. Acting is excellent and strong on character, but it has little dramatic story interest."
# Air Force Special Operations Training Center

The United States Air Force Special Operations Training Center (AFSOTC) was located at Hurlburt Field, Florida. It worked under the supervision of the Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC); Its primary function was to train the Air Force's Special Operations Personnel before being assigned to their respective units. The Mission Statement/Vision was, "Transforming Airmen into Air Commandos who possess the specialized skills and warrior ethos to fight and win anytime, anywhere." The AFSOTC was replaced 11 February 2013 by the Air Force Special Operations Air Warfare Center.

## History/Overview

The Training Center was set up on 6 October 2008. It was designed to consolidate the strengths of active duty, reserve, and Air National Guard units to form an integrated team dedicated to training Airmen and turning them into Air Commandos. Many units and squadrons make up the Training Center. These include The United States Air Force Special Operations School (USAFSOS), 5th Special Operations Squadron, 19th Special Operations Squadron, 371st Special Operations Combat Training Squadron, 551st Special Operations Squadron, 745th Special Operations Squadron, and an 18th Flight Test Squadron. In its short history, the Training Center has already forever changed the way the Air Force educates and trains Special Forces personnel. With its 53 million dollar annual budget, the training center utilizes simulators, curriculum, and instructors to meet the Air Force's training needs. The Special Operations personnel trained at the center include Pararescuemen, Combat Controllers, and Special Operations Weathermen. The center also provides mission qualification for the U-28A, C-145A, C-146A, MQ-1, MQ-9, CV-22, MC-130E/H, AC-130H/U, AC-130W, RC-26 aircrews. One officer states, "There's an excellent team assembled here. So when a student graduates out of the training center, they will be an Air Commando and there will be no doubt that they're ready to join their respective combat units."
AFSOTC was inactivated on 11 February 2013, with the standup of the Air Force Special Operations Air Warfare Center (AFSOAWC). Units and Squadrons were realigned under the command of the AFSOAWC.

## Leadership

Outgoing AFSOTC Commander was Colonel William D. Andersen at the time of inactivation.
# Keyite

Keyite is a mineral with the chemical formula Cu2+3Zn$_4$Cd$_2$(AsO$_4$)$_6$ · 2H$_2$O. The name comes from Charles Locke Key (born 1935), an American mineral dealer who furnished its first specimens. Keyite is monoclinic-prismatic, meaning its crystal form has three unequal axes, two of which have 90° angles between them and one with an angle less than 90°. Keyite belongs to the biaxial optical class, meaning it has more than one axis of anisotropy (optic axis), in which light travels with zero birefringence, and three indices of refraction, nα = 1.800, nβ, and nγ = 1.870. Being a very rare cadmium copper arsenate, keyite is only found in Tsumeb, Namibia in the Tsumeb mine, a world-famous copper mine known for its abundance of rare and unusual minerals.
# Limeux transmitting station

The Limeux transmitting station (50°00′44″N 1°49′49″E﻿ / ﻿50.01222°N 1.83028°E﻿ / 50.01222; 1.83028) (mast 1) and (50°00′44″N 1°50′01″E﻿ / ﻿50.01222°N 1.83361°E﻿ / 50.01222; 1.83361) (mast 2) is a facility for FM radio and television and mobile phone transmissions located near Abbeville, Somme, France. It has a 203-metre (666 ft) tall guyed mast for FM radio and analogue and digital television services. It is the tallest built structure in the Somme.

## The building of a second Mast

As in most countries, TV Broadcast was a state monopoly in France. As a consequence, when the market opened to competitors, the historic operator TDF had the advantage of already having all the requested infrastructures. By Law, it was decided to permit access of the existing infrastructures to the competitors, paying a rent to the historic operator. The Operator Itas Tim found it more profitable to build its own mast and not paying the rent, thus a second mast was built at the end of 2015. Itas tim switched over its own muxes to the new mast on February, 2nd 2016. But in the end TDF bought the operator Itas Tim at the end 2016.

## Analogue services (Mast 1)

FM radio :
| Radio name | Frequency | Power |
| France Musique | 89.8 MHz | 2,5 kW |
| France Inter | 93.1 MHz | 2,5 kW |
| France Culture | 97.4 MHz | 2,5 kW |
| France Bleu Picardie | 100.6 MHz | 5 kW |
Digital switchover planned date on Abbeville-Limeux TV mast : February 1, 2011.
Analogue TV SECAM with NICAM Subcarrier :
| Channel Name | UHF Channel | Power | Notes |
| TF1 | 63H | 380 kW | |
| France 2 | 57H | 380 kW | will be used for digital broadcasting when DSO completed |
| France 3 Picardie | 60H | 380 kW | |
| Canal+ | not transmitted | N/A | This Pay TV was received from Bouvigny TV mast (in analogue) (Switched off on 14/04/10). It is now only available using DTT on Limeux |
| France 5/Arte | 45H | 80 kW | |
| M6 | 42H | 80 kW | |

## Digital services

Frequencies from May, 14th 2019 Originally, all the multiplexes were transmitted from Mast 1. Itas tim's multiplexes were transferred to the new mast in early 2016. Extra compression made it possible to delete mux 5 and then to sell the frequencies over 700 MHz to mobile phone operators.
Télévision Numérique Terrestre the French version of Freeview (UK) :
| Multiplex Name | UHF Channel | Nominal power | Operator | Transmitting standard | Mast |
| Multiplex R1 (GR1) | 35H | 80 kW | ITAS TIM (TDF) | DVB-T | 1 |
| Multiplex R2 (NTN) | 25H | 80 kW | Towercast (NRJ Group) | DVB-T | 1 |
| Multiplex R3 (CNH) | 22H | 80 kW | Towercast (NRJ Group) | DVB-T | 1 |
| Multiplex R4 (Multi4) | 45H | 80 kW | ITAS TIM (TDF) | DVB-T | 1 |
| Multiplex R5 (GR5 - TNT HD) | N/A | 80 kW from October 30, 2008 | OneCast (formerly a TF1 Subsidiary) | DVB-T | |
| Multiplex R6 (SMR6) | 39H | 80 kW | ITAS TIM (TDF) | DVB-T | 2 |
| Multiplex R7 (MHD7) | 28H | 80 kW | Towercast (NRJ Group) | DVB-T | 1 |