OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of Catholic dioceses in Germany

The Catholic Church in Germany comprises 7 ecclesiastical provinces each headed by an archbishop. The provinces are in turn subdivided into 20 dioceses and 7 archdioceses each headed by a bishop or an archbishop.

## List of dioceses
### Episcopal Conference of Germany
#### Ecclesiastical province of Bamberg

* Archdiocese of Bamberg
** Diocese of Eichstätt
** Diocese of Speyer
** Diocese of Würzburg

#### Ecclesiastical province of Berlin

* Archdiocese of Berlin
** Diocese of Dresden-Meissen
** Diocese of Görlitz

#### Ecclesiastical province of Cologne

Alternative name: Rhenish Ecclesiastical Province
* Archdiocese of Cologne
** Diocese of Aachen
** Diocese of Essen
** Diocese of Limburg
** Diocese of Münster
** Diocese of Trier

#### Ecclesiastical province of Freiburg im Breisgau

Alternative name: Upper Rhenish Ecclesiastical Province
* Archdiocese of Freiburg im Breisgau
** Diocese of Mainz
** Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart

#### Ecclesiastical province of Hamburg

Alternative name: Northern German Ecclesiastical Province
* Archdiocese of Hamburg
** Diocese of Hildesheim
** Diocese of Osnabrück

#### Ecclesiastical province of Munich and Freising

* Archdiocese of Munich and Freising
** Diocese of Augsburg
** Diocese of Passau
** Diocese of Regensburg

#### Ecclesiastical province of Paderborn

Alternative name: Central German Ecclesiastical Province
* Archdiocese of Paderborn
** Diocese of Erfurt
** Diocese of Fulda
** Diocese of Magdeburg

## Gallery of Archdioceses

* The seat of the Archdiocese of Bamberg is Imperial Cathedral of Sts. Peter and Paul and St. George.
* The seat of the Archdiocese of Berlin is St. Hedwig's Cathedral.
* The seat of the Archdiocese of Cologne is Cathedral of Sts. Peter and Mary.
* The seat of the Archdiocese of Freiburg is Cathedral of Our Lady.
* The seat of the Archdiocese of Hamburg is Cathedral of St. Mary.
* The seat of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising is Cathedral of Our Lady.
* The co-seat of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising is Cathedral of Our Lady’s Nativity, Sts. Corbinian, Lantpert, Nonnosus, and Sigismund.
* The seat of the Archdiocese of Paderborn is Cathedral of Sts. Mary, Liborius and Kilian.
# Bathsheba with King David's Letter

Bathsheba with David's Letter is a 1654 oil on canvas painting by Willem Drost, showing the Biblical character Bathsheba. It was produced just before the artist set out for Italy and at the same time as his teacher Rembrandt's Bathsheba at Her Bath - both works opt not to show King David witnessing her bathing but her receiving his letter afterwards, giving a more introspective feel focussed on Bathsheba's psychological conflict over the adultery to which David invites her.
It is known to have been in the collection of Jean-Jacques-Joseph Leroy d'Etiolles, a renowned 19th-century surgeon, and then that of Louis Alfred Caroillon de Vandeul, mayor of Soisy-sur-Seine, who bequeathed it to the Louvre, where it still hangs.

## Analysis

Many art historians hold it to be the painter's masterpiece, but others disagree - Wilhelm Valentiner called it sentimental, while Kunoth-Leifels considered it merely a pupil's attempt to imitate Rembrandt's introspective work which succeeded only as far as the limitations of Drost's technique allowed. Werner Sumowski and Bruno Fucard argue that Drost was not trying to imitate Rembrandt's intensely introspective Bathsheba, but rather to produce a more purely aesthetic work without retreating from his master's style.
Drost uses a smaller canvas than Bathsheba at Her Bath and bases the composition on an earlier 1643 depiction of Bathsheba by Rembrandt. He places her in a darker room than Rembrandt's 1645 treatment of the subject and only shows her upper body, but removes the background figures of the maids and limits his palette to just white, black and flesh tones. He uses strong chiaroscuro effects to highlight her whilst keeping the contrast even and her skin smooth. Indeed, Rembrandt's only direct influences are her seated pose, her holding the letter in the same hand and her wearing similar jewellery. The differences suggest Drost was influenced by Rembrandt but intended to take a more aesthetic approach than his master. The depiction of movement was important to Rembrandt and his pupils, as seen here in the tilt of the earrings, suggesting that Bathsheba is not standing still and gazing at the viewer, but is about to turn around.
The concentric circles formed by the curves of Bathsheba's arms, the most important and fundamental element of the work, resonate with the circular motifs and soft textures of her undergarment, black necklace and round breasts. Her circular pose draws on a portrait of a woman by Palma il Vecchio, previously in the Berlin Museums but now lost. The style of her upper body is also similar to Vecchio's A Blonde Woman and Titian's Flora, clearly reminding the viewer that Rembrandt (and through him Drost) was strongly influenced by Venetian painters through prints and (in the case of Flora) through a copy of the work then in a private Dutch collection. Drost's work is also similar to Rembrandt's c.1656 portrait of Hendrickje Stoffels, which itself was influenced by Vecchio. Even later Drost was influenced by Venetian art, painting his own Flora in the 1650s.
# CIRM

CIRM may refer to:
* California Institute for Regenerative Medicine
* Comité International Radio-Maritime, an international technical association of companies involved in the marine electronics industry
* Centre International de Rencontres Mathématiques, a French mathematical institute devoted to research and the organisation of workshops, in the Calanques National Park near Marseilles
* Centro Internazionale Radio Medico (C.I.R.M. - International Center of Medical Radiocommunications) a non-profit foundation established in Italy in the year 1934 to provide medical advice over radio waves to seafarers and locations without medical services.
* Career Intelligence and Relationship Management a type software platform first created by WerQ Ai Inc., designed to integrate agentic AI, network intelligence, and skill development. It streamlines career progression and workforce alignment through advanced AI tools and gamified engagement.
# Aloísio

Aloisio or Aloísio is a Romance masculine given name, arising via an Old Occitan form Aloys from Louis.
* Aloisio da Milano, also known as Aloisio da Carezano, Aleviz Milanets and Aleviz Fryazin, 15th/16th century Italian architect
* Aloisio the New, 16th century Italian Renaissance architect
* Aloísio Pires Alves (born 1963), Brazilian footballer (defender)
* Aloísio da Silva Filho (born 1974), Brazilian footballer (goalkeeper)
* Aloísio José da Silva (born 1975), Brazilian footballer (striker)
* Aloísio dos Santos Gonçalves (born 1988), Brazilian footballer (striker)
# Andrew Strominger

Andrew Eben Strominger (/ˈstrɑːmɪndʒər/; born 1955) is an American theoretical physicist who is the director of Harvard's Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature. He has made significant contributions to quantum gravity and string theory. These include his work on Calabi–Yau compactification and topology change in string theory, and on the stringy origin of black hole entropy. He is a senior fellow at the Society of Fellows, and is the Gwill E. York Professor of Physics.

## Education

Strominger received his bachelor's degree at Harvard College in 1977 and his master's degree at the University of California, Berkeley. He then received his PhD at MIT in 1982 under the supervision of Roman Jackiw. Prior to joining Harvard as a professor in 1997, he held a faculty position at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He is the author of over 200 publications.

## Research
### Notable contributions

* a paper with Cumrun Vafa that explains the microscopic origin of the black hole entropy, originally calculated thermodynamically by Stephen Hawking and Jacob Bekenstein, from string theory
* a paper with Philip Candelas, Gary Horowitz, and Edward Witten in the 1980s about the relevance of Calabi–Yau manifolds for obtaining the Standard Model from string theory
* other articles discussing the dS/CFT correspondence and the Kerr/CFT correspondence (variations of the AdS/CFT correspondence)
* S-branes (a variation of D-branes)
* OM-theory (with Shiraz Minwalla and Nathan Seiberg)
* noncommutative solitons (with Anastasia Volovich, Shiraz Minwalla and Rajesh Gopakumar)
* massless black holes in the form of wrapped D3-branes that regulate the physics of a conifold and allow topology change
* the SYZ conjecture, an interpretation of mirror symmetry as a special case of T-duality (with Eric Zaslow and Shing-Tung Yau)
* purely cubic action for string field theory
* superstrings with torsion
* a study of the relationship between asymptotic symmetries in asymptotically flat spacetimes, soft theorems and memory effects
* an analytic calculation of the exact spectrum of gravitational wave emission from extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs) into rapidly rotating black holes (these gravitational waves are expected to be detected with future space-based gravitational wave detectors such as eLISA)

### Awards

In recognition of his accomplishments, Strominger has been awarded numerous prizes, fellowships, and honorary professorships. These include the Klein Medal from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the 2008 Eisenbud Prize from the American Mathematical Society, the 2014 Dirac Medal from the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, which he received for his contributions to the origin, development, and further understanding of string theory, and the 2017 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics with Cumrun Vafa and Joseph Polchinski. In 2020, he received a Guggenheim Fellowship.
# Sarah Nemtanu

Sarah Nemtanu (born 1981) is a Franco-Romanian classical violinist.

## Biography

Nemtanu started studying the violin with her father, Vladimir Nemtanu, solo concertmaster of the Orchestre National Bordeaux Aquitaine. She then studied at the Conservatoire de Bordeaux, unanimously obtaining a gold medal in violin and in chamber music. She entered the Conservatoire de Paris in 1997, where she studied with Gérard Poulet and Pierre-Laurent Aimard. She won the first prize of the Maurice Ravel competition at Saint-Jean-de-Luz in 1998 and the third prize at the International Stradivarius Competition in 2001.
Since 2002 she has been sharing with Luc Héry the position of concertmaster of the Orchestre national de France with whom she also performs as soloist. This situation led her to be invited by famous conductors such as Bernard Haitink, Colin Davis and Riccardo Muti.
In 2009, she performed Tchaikovsky's Violon Concerto in the film Le Concert.

## Selected discography

* Gypsic (Naïve Records, 2010), in collaboration with Chilly Gonzales.
* Martinu - Double Concertos. Lawrence Foster, Mari Kodama, Momo Kodama, Deborah Nemtanu, Magali Demesse , Orchestre Philharmonique de Marseille. PENTATONE PTC 5186658 (2018).
# Kryve Ozero

Kryve Ozero (Ukrainian: Криве Озеро, Russian: Кривое Озеро) is a Rural settlement in Pervomaisk Raion in the northwest of Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Kryve Ozero settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 7,262 (2022 estimate).
The settlement is located on the banks of the Kodyma, a right tributary of the Southern Bug.

## History

Kryve Ozero was founded in 1762.
In the 1920s, Kryve Ozero belonged to Odesa Governorate. In 1923, uyezds in Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic were abolished, and the governorates were divided into okruhas. In 1923, Kryve Ozero Raion with the administrative center in Kryve Ozero was established. It belonged to Pervomaisk Okruha. In 1925, the governorates were abolished, and okruhas were directly subordinated to Ukrainian SSR. In 1930, okruhas were abolished, and on 27 February 1932, Odesa Oblast was established, and Kryve Ozero was included into Odesa Oblast. In February 1954, Kryve Ozero Raion was transferred to Mykolaiv Oblast. In 1970, Kryve Ozero was granted urban-type settlement status.
On 17 July 2020, Kryve Ozero Raion was abolished as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Mykolaiv Oblast to four. The area of Kryve Ozero Raion was merged into Pervomaisk Raion. On 26 January 2024, a new law entered into force which abolished the status of urban-type settlement status, and Kryve Ozero became a rural settlement.

## Economy
### Transportation

The closest railway station is in Liubashivka 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) to the south. It has connections to Pervomaisk and Podilsk.

## Notable residents

* Israel Wachser (1892-1919), Russian-Jewish writer of short stories and children's literature
# Expansion tube

An expansion tube is a type of impulse facility that is conceptually similar to a shock tube with a secondary diaphragm, an expansion section, a test section, and a dump tank where the endwall would be located in a shock tube. It is typically used to produce high enthalpy flows for high speed aerodynamic flow and aerodynamic heating and atmospheric reentry testing.
It is used to engender short-duration, high-velocity gas flows. The device is composed commonly of three sections of tubing aligned in tandem. Thin plastic or metal diaphragms are used for separating from the sections from each other. As in an ordinary shock tube, the driver section is originally filled to high pressure with a light gas. The driven section is filled to a lower pressure with the test gas of interest. The third section of tubing, named the expansion section, includes a light gas at very low pressure.
During the time that the driver or driven diaphragm out of function, the driver gas expands into the driven section. A shock wave comes into being which propagates into the test gas, generating an increase in temperature and pressure behind it. The shock travels down the tube, and breaks the driven or expansion diaphragm, and accelerates upon participating in the expansion section. And the shocked test gas is then cooled and speeded up by an unsteady, constant area expansion from the driven section into the lower-pressure expansion section.
# Cheng Tsao-Ju

Cheng Tsao-Ju (Chinese: 鄭藻如; pinyin: Zhèng Zǎorú; 1827–1894), courtesy name Zhixiang (Chinese: 志翔), was the second Chinese Ambassador to the United States during the Qing dynasty.

## Biography

In 1851, he passed the provincial examination and was subsequently assigned to work in the Shanghai Machinery Bureau. During the Guangxu period, he was transferred to the Tianjin Customs Road in Zhili. In 1881, he was appointed as the imperial envoy to the United States, Spain and Peru. Later, he served as the cabinet minister and minister of Honglu Temple. In the tenth year of Guangxu's reign (1884), he served as deputy envoy of the General Affairs Department, and the following year he was promoted to minister of Guanglu Temple.
# Crombie

Crombie may refer to:

## People

* Alexander Crombie (1762–1840), British educator, philosopher and Presbyterian minister
* Alistair Cameron Crombie (1915–1996), Australian historian
* Bonnie Crombie (born 1960), Canadian politician and current mayor of Mississauga, Ontario
* Cameron Crombie (born 1986), Australian para-athlete
* Charles Crombie (1914–1945), Australian flying ace of the Second World War
* David Crombie (born 1936), Canadian politician
* Deborah Crombie (born 1952), American author of mystery books
* Donald Crombie (born 1942), Australian film director, father of Fiona
* Ed Crombie (born 1945), Canadian racecar driver
* Elaine Crombie, Australian actress, daughter of Lillian
* Fiona Crombie, Australian costume and production designer, daughter of Donald
* James Crombie, multiple people
* Jamie Crombie (born 1965), American-Canadian squash player
* John Crombie, multiple people including:
** John Crombie, founder of the Crombie (clothing), a clothing brand
** John Crombie (1900–1972), Scottish Royal Navy officer
* Jonathan Crombie (1966–2015), Canadian actor
* Leslie Crombie (1923–1999), British chemist
* Lillian Crombie (1958–2024), Australian actress and dancer, mother of Elaine
* Noel Crombie (born 1953), musician (member of Split Enz)
* Peter Crombie (1952–2024), American film and television actor
* Tony Crombie (1925–1999), English jazz drummer and bandleader
* Tony Crombie, Commissioner of the British Antarctic Territory since 2004
* Thomas Crombie Schelling (1921–2016), American economist

### Fictional characters

* Blake Crombie, fictional character from New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street

## Other uses

* Crombie (clothing), trade name for clothing made by the J&J Crombie company
* Crombie Settlement, New Brunswick, a Canadian rural community in Victoria County, New Brunswick
* Crombie REIT, Canadian property management company
* DM Crombie, a military munitions storage depot on the Firth of Forth, Scotland
# Gauche prolétarienne

The Gauche prolétarienne (GP) was a French Maoist political party which existed from 1968 to 1974. As Christophe Bourseiller put it, "Of all the Maoist organizations after May 1968, the most important numerically as well as in cultural influence was without question the Gauche prolétarienne."

## History

The GP was formed in October 1968. After a split in the Union des jeunesses communistes marxistes-léninistes (UJC-ML), several members including Olivier Rolin, Jean-Pierre Le Dantec, Jean-Claude Vernier, the brothers Tony and Benny Lévy, Jean Schiavo, Maurice Brover, and Jean-Claude Zancarini formed the new party. In 1969, the former student union leaders Alain Geismar and Serge July joined the group.
Prominent people who were at one point members of the GP include Serge July, Olivier Rolin, Frédéric H. Fajardie, Gérard Miller, Jean-Claude Milner, Marin Karmitz, André Glucksmann, Gilles Susong, Christian Jambet, Guy Lardreau, Daniel Rondeau, Olivier Roy, Judith Miller, Dominique Grange, and Gilles Millet. A group of former members became core members of the New Philosophers in the 1970s. Several members of the group were involved with the founding of the French daily Libération which evolved into a centre left mainstream mass circulation daily newspaper. The group was also known as "Mao-Spontex", or Maoist-spontaneists. The connection to Spontex, a cleaning sponge brand, was intended as a pejorative to disparage the GP's anti-authoritarian approach to socialist revolution.
# Sainte-Eulalie-en-Royans

Sainte-Eulalie-en-Royans (French pronunciation:; Vivaro-Alpine: Santa Eulàlia de Roians) is a commune in the Drôme department in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, southeastern France.

## Geography

Sainte-Eulalie-en-Royans is located 7 km northeast of Saint-Jean-en-Royans and 34 km east of Romans-sur-Isère.
The bordering communes are Pont-en-Royans, Saint-Laurent-en-Royans and Échevis.

### Remarkable Geographical Sites

The "Réculée des Grands Goulets" is a remarkable geological site of 1,645.95 hectares, crossed by the Vernaison, which is located in the towns of Châtelus (in the place called Grands Goulets), La Chapelle-en-Vercors, Échevis, Sainte-Eulalie-en-Royans, Saint-Julien-en-Vercors, Saint-Laurent-en-Royans, Saint-Martin-en-Vercors and Pont-en-Royans. In 2014, it was classified in the "Inventory of Geological Heritage"».

## History

* January 9, 1965: "Sainte-Eulalie" was changed to the longer "Sainte-Eulalie-en-Royans."
# Jakob Kullberg

Jakob Kullberg (born 16 January 1976 in Aarhus, Denmark) is a classical cellist, noted for his collaboration with the Danish composer Per Nørgård.

## Studies

He began his studies with Prof. Harro Ruijsenaars at the Royal Academy of Music, Jutland where he studied from 1995 until 1998.
In 1998 he left Denmark and moved to Amsterdam, Holland, in order to study with Russian cellist Prof. Dmitri Ferschtman [nl] at the Conservatorium van Amsterdam until 2001. After taking his diploma at Conservatorium van Amsterdam he moved to Zagreb, Croatia, to study with Prof. Valter Despalj at the Zagreb Academy of Music from 2001 until 2002.
After one year in Croatia he moved to London to take a master's degree at the Royal Academy of Music where he studied with Prof. Mats Lidström and Prof. Colin Carr from 2002 until 2004. After London, Kullberg began studying privately in Vienna with Prof. Reinhard Latzko in 2004/2005 before returning to Denmark to take his Soloist Diploma at the Royal Danish Academy of Music, Copenhagen, with Prof. Morten Zeuthen.

## Career

In recent years Kullberg has been specializing in the solo cello suites by J. S. Bach under the guidance of Dutch baroque cellist Anner Bylsma.
Kullberg is known for his working relationship with Danish composer Per Nørgård. Nørgård has composed numerous works for him including chamber groups such as his 10th string quartet "Harvest Timeless" and works for solo cello such as his fourth solo sonata "Rhizome", which Kullberg premiered at the Aldeburgh Festival in June 2007 to the following critical acclaim:
   The early concert on Saturday from the young Danish cellist Jakob Kullberg was the perfect Aldeburgh event. He has an amazing control of line, and is always bang in tune even in the most finger-twisting passages, skills he used to spellbinding effect in the Sonata No. 2 by his compatriot Per Nørgård.
The most recent product of their continued collaboration is Nørgård's second cello concerto, "Momentum".
The English composer Simon Holt wrote his 2009 duo for violin and cello "Telarañas" (Spanish for cobwebs) for Kullberg and dedicated it to him.

## Recordings

Momentum with the New Music Orchestra, Bratislava and Szymon Bywalec, containing Per Nørgård's cello concerto and other pieces, was released in 2012.
# Jason Hinkin

Jason Hinkin is a retired American pole vaulter. He won the NCAA Division I Indoor Pole Vault title in 1997. He attended Long Beach State University where he was a 5x All-American. His personal best is 5.70m/ 18'8 1/4". He also attended high school at Saint Francis, Mountain View, CA with Whitecaps and MLS goal keeper Joe Cannon.
Mr. Hinkin was Long Beach State's last individual champion in Track and Field, winning the 1997 NCAA indoor pole vault championship with a mark of 18'6.5". A five-time All-American, Hinkin was also a two-time Big West Champion in outdoor track and field. His NCAA-winning mark was the seventh best in the world in 1997, and still remains as the indoor Long Beach State record by six inches, while he recorded a career-best 18'7.5" mark that also still remains as the Long Beach State University record. Although he attended Long Beach State University, he was coached throughout his collegiate career by USATF Men's and Women's National Pole Vault Development Chair and renown pole vault coach, Brian Yokoyama. He was inducted into the LBSU Hall of Fame in 2013.
# Elahiyeh, Kermanshah

Elahiyeh (Persian: الهيه) is a village in Hojr Rural District of the Central District of Sahneh County, Kermanshah province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,388 in 357 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,744 people in 507 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,541 people in 456 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.