# 1854–55 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1854–55 United States House of Representatives elections were held in 31 states for all 234 seats between August 4, 1854, and November 6, 1855, during President Franklin Pierce's term. Each state legislature separately set a date to elect representatives to the House of Representatives before the 34th Congress convened its first session on December 3, 1855.
This midterm election was among the most disruptive in American history, auguring the collapse of the Second Party System. Both major parties, the Democratic Party and the Whig Party, lost critical voter support. The two parties had been organized as rivals for roughly 20 years. Northern voters strongly opposed to the Kansas–Nebraska Act shifted sharply against the Democrats. The Whigs also lost seats as the party disintegrated over the issue of slavery.
The elected majority temporarily coalesced as the Opposition Party. This transitional party included Whigs, Free Soil members, American Party members or Know Nothings, the People's Party of Indiana, Anti-Nebraska candidates, disaffected Northern Democrats, and members of the nascent Republican Party, which soon would absorb most of these factions and replace the Whigs to rival the Democrats.
Candidates opposed to the Democratic Party won widely in the Northern United States through November 1854. The American Party, ignoring slavery and opposing immigration (particularly by Catholics from Ireland and Germany) won seats from both major parties, but to the net loss of Democrats, in New England and the Southern United States from November 1854 into 1855.
Congress had passed the Kansas–Nebraska Act in May 1854 after aggressive sponsorship by the Pierce Administration and Democrats led by Senator Stephen Douglas, including radical pro-slavery legislators. With widely foreseen risks and immediately negative results, the Act discredited the Democratic Party, fueling new partisan and sectional rancor. The Act repealed the 1820 Missouri Compromise and triggered the violent Bleeding Kansas conflict, creating uncertainty on the Western frontier by abruptly making slavery potentially legal in territories originally comprising the northern portion of the Louisiana Purchase. The numerous contemporary settlers of these territories then were expected to determine the status of slavery locally. This idea appealed to Democratic politicians and to some voters, but proved unworkable particularly in Kansas where more numerous Northern settlers and geographically closer Southern settlers violently disputed the status of slavery. Even some proslavery legislators and voters, particularly Southern Whigs, felt that repealing the Missouri Compromise was politically reckless, and that attempting to push slavery by law and force into territories where most settlers predictably were unlikely to want it could endanger slavery nationally, or even in the South. These fears proved prescient.
More than 21 representatives vied for the post of speaker of the House. After two months and 133 ballots, American Party representative Nathaniel Banks of Massachusetts, also a Free Soiler, defeated Democrat William Aiken of South Carolina by plurality, 103–100. To date, Banks is the only speaker to come from a third party.

## Election summaries

| State | Type | Date | Total seats | Opposition | Opposition | Democratic | Democratic | Know Nothing | Know Nothing |
| State | Type | Date | Total seats | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change |
| Arkansas | Districts | August 4, 1854 | 2 | 0 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| Iowa | Districts | August 7, 1854 | 2 | 1 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Missouri | Districts | August 7, 1854 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Vermont | Districts | September 5, 1854 | 3 | 3 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| California | At-large | September 6, 1854 | 2 | 0 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| Maine | Districts | September 11, 1854 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Florida | At-large | October 2, 1854 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| South Carolina | Districts | October 9–10, 1854 | 6 | 0 | | 6 | | 0 | |
| Indiana | Districts | October 10, 1854 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 0 | |
| Ohio | Districts | October 10, 1854 | 21 | 21 | 12 | 0 | 12 | 0 | |
| Pennsylvania | Districts | October 10, 1854 | 25 | 17 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 1 | 1 |
| Illinois | Districts | November 7, 1854 (Election Day) | 9 | 4 | | 5 | | 0 | |
| Michigan | Districts | November 7, 1854 (Election Day) | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | |
| New Jersey | Districts | November 7, 1854 (Election Day) | 5 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | |
| New York | Districts | November 7, 1854 (Election Day) | 33 | 25 | 13 | 5 | 16 | 3 | 3 |
| Wisconsin | Districts | November 7, 1854 (Election Day) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Massachusetts | Districts | November 12, 1854 | 11 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 11 |
| Delaware | At-large | November 14, 1854 | 1 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Late elections (after the March 4, 1855 beginning of the term) ||||||||||
| New Hampshire | Districts | March 13, 1855 | 3 | 0 | | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Connecticut | Districts | April 2, 1855 | 4 | 0 | | 0 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Rhode Island | Districts | April 4, 1855 | 2 | 0 | | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Virginia | Districts | May 24, 1855 | 13 | 0 | | 12 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| North Carolina | Districts | August 2, 1855 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 5 | | 3 | 3 |
| Tennessee | Districts | August 2, 1855 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 5 | | 5 | 5 |
| Alabama | Districts | August 6, 1855 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Kentucky | Districts | August 6, 1855 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 6 |
| Texas | Districts | August 6, 1855 | 2 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Georgia | Districts | October 1, 1855 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 6 | | 2 | 2 |
| Louisiana | Districts | November 5, 1855 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | | 1 | 1 |
| Mississippi | Districts | November 5–6, 1855 | 5 | 0 | | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Maryland | Districts | November 6, 1855 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| Total | Total | Total | 234 | 100 42.7% | 29 | 83 35.0% | 75 | 51 21.8% | 51 |
| 83 | 51 | 100 |
| Democratic | Know Nothing | Opposition |
Popular vote
Democratic
43.95%
Know Nothing
19.56%
Whig
18.00%
Anti-Nebraska
6.09%
Republican
5.65%
People's
3.17%
Independent
2.61%
Free Soil
0.71%
Others
0.26% :
House seats
Democratic
34.62%
Whig
23.08%
Know Nothing
21.79%
Anti-Nebraska
9.40%
Republican
5.56%
People's
3.85%
Independent
0.43%
Free Soil
0.43% :

## Special elections

There were four special elections to the 33rd United States Congress, listed here by date and district.
| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Pennsylvania 8 | Henry A. Muhlenberg | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent died January 9, 1854. New member elected February 4, 1854. Democratic hold. | ▌Y J. Glancy Jones (Democratic) 60.01% ▌William H. Keim (Whig) 39.99% |
| Massachusetts 1 | Zeno Scudder | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent resigned March 4, 1854. New member elected April 17, 1854. Whig hold. | ▌Y Thomas D. Eliot (Whig) 52.04% ▌Abraham H. Howland (Independent) 47.96% |
| New York 12 | Gilbert Dean | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent resigned July 3, 1854. New member elected November 7, 1854. Whig gain. | ▌Y Isaac Teller (Whig) 50.56% ▌Samuel Morse (Soft-Shell Dem.) 31.27% ▌Charles Robinson (Hard-Shell Dem.) 18.17% |
| Kentucky 3 | Presley Ewing | Whig | 1851 | Incumbent died September 27, 1854. New member elected November 13, 1854. Whig hold. | ▌Y Francis Bristow (Whig) 81.58% ▌A. J. Halberson (Unknown) 18.42% |

## Alabama

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Alabama 1 | Philip Phillips | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Percy Walker (Know Nothing) 52.40% ▌James A. Stallworth (Democratic) 47.60% |
| Alabama 2 | James Abercrombie | Whig | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Eli S. Shorter (Democratic) 54.89% ▌Julius C. Alford (Know Nothing) 45.11% |
| Alabama 3 | James F. Dowdell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James F. Dowdell (Democratic) 52.20% ▌Thomas H. Watts (Know Nothing) 47.80% |
| Alabama 4 | William Russell Smith | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y William Russell Smith (Know Nothing) 59.83% ▌Sydenham Moore (Democratic) 40.17% |
| Alabama 5 | George S. Houston | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y George S. Houston (Democratic) 100.00% unopposed |
| Alabama 6 | Williamson R. W. Cobb | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Williamson R. W. Cobb (Democratic) 62.87% ▌James M. Adams (Independent) 37.13% |
| Alabama 7 | Sampson Willis Harris | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Sampson Willis Harris (Democratic) [data missing] |

## Arkansas

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Arkansas 1 | Alfred B. Greenwood | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Alfred B. Greenwood (Democratic) 97.99% ▌W. C. Myrtle (Independent) 2.01% |
| Arkansas 2 | Edward A. Warren | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Albert Rust (Democratic) 67.0% ▌E. G. Walker (Whig) 32.9% |

## California

Note: From statehood to 1864, California's representatives were elected at-large, with the top two vote-getters winning election from 1849 to 1858.
| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| California at-large 2 seats | Milton S. Latham | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent withdrew. Democratic hold. | (Elected on a general ticket) ▌Y James W. Denver (anti-Broderick Democratic) 22.41% ▌Y Philemon T. Herbert (anti-Broderick Democratic) 22.24% ▌George Washington Bowie (Whig) 21.14% ▌Calhoun Benham (Whig) 20.94% ▌James Churchman (Broderick Democratic) 6.09% ▌James A. McDougall (Broderick Democratic) 6.07% ▌Milton S. Latham (Broderick Democratic) 1.12% |
| California at-large 2 seats | James A. McDougall | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic hold. | (Elected on a general ticket) ▌Y James W. Denver (anti-Broderick Democratic) 22.41% ▌Y Philemon T. Herbert (anti-Broderick Democratic) 22.24% ▌George Washington Bowie (Whig) 21.14% ▌Calhoun Benham (Whig) 20.94% ▌James Churchman (Broderick Democratic) 6.09% ▌James A. McDougall (Broderick Democratic) 6.07% ▌Milton S. Latham (Broderick Democratic) 1.12% |

## Connecticut

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Connecticut 1 | James T. Pratt | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Ezra Clark Jr. (Know Nothing) 51.8% ▌James T. Pratt (Democratic) 47.6% |
| Connecticut 2 | Colin M. Ingersoll | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y John Woodruff (Know Nothing) 55.4% ▌Samuel Arnold (Democratic) 44.4% |
| Connecticut 3 | Nathan Belcher | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Sidney Dean (Know Nothing) 67.4% ▌Joel W. White (Democratic) 32.4% |
| Connecticut 4 | Origen S. Seymour | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y William W. Welch (Know Nothing) 55.9% ▌William H. Noble (Democratic) 43.8% |

## Delaware

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Delaware at-large | George R. Riddle | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Elisha D. Cullen (Know Nothing) 51.85% ▌George R. Riddle (Democratic) 48.15% |

## Florida

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Florida at-large | Augustus Maxwell | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Augustus Maxwell (Democratic) 55.26% ▌Thomas Brown (Whig) 44.74% |

## Georgia

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Georgia 1 | James Lindsay Seward | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James Lindsay Seward (Democratic) 57.62% ▌Samuel Varnadoe (Know Nothing) 42.38% |
| Georgia 2 | Alfred H. Colquitt | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Martin J. Crawford (Democratic) 51.99% ▌Willis Hawkins (Know Nothing) 48.01% |
| Georgia 3 | Jack Bailey | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Robert Pleasant Trippe (Know Nothing) 53.97% ▌James Milton Smith (Democratic) 46.03% |
| Georgia 4 | William B. W. Dent | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Hiram B. Warner (Democratic) 50.26% ▌Benjamin Harvey Hill (Know Nothing) 49.74% |
| Georgia 5 | Elijah W. Chastain | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y John H. Lumpkin (Democratic) 58.61% ▌Lewis Tumblin (Know Nothing) 41.39% |
| Georgia 6 | Junius Hillyer | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Howell Cobb (Democratic) 63.78% ▌Leonidas Franklin (Know Nothing) 36.22% |
| Georgia 7 | David A. Reese | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Nathaniel Greene Foster (Know Nothing) 51.13% ▌Linton Stephens (Democratic) 48.87% |
| Georgia 8 | Alexander H. Stephens | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democrat. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Alexander H. Stephens (Democratic) [data missing] |

## Illinois

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Illinois 1 | Elihu B. Washburne | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. | ▌Y Elihu B. Washburne (Republican) 69.33% ▌William M. Jackson (Democratic) 22.99% ▌E. P. Ferry (Anti-Nebraska) 7.68% |
| Illinois 2 | John Wentworth | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y James H. Woodworth (Republican) 53.05% ▌Robert S. Blackwell (Whig) 19.84% ▌John B. Turner (Democratic) 19.48% ▌Edward L. Mayo (Anti-Nebraska) 7.63% |
| Illinois 3 | Jesse O. Norton | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. | ▌Y Jesse O. Norton (Republican) 62.76% ▌John A. Drake (Democratic) 37.24% |
| Illinois 4 | James Knox | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. | ▌Y James Knox (Republican) 57.22% ▌William McMurtry (Democratic) 42.79% |
| Illinois 5 | William A. Richardson | Democratic | 1847 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William A. Richardson (Democratic) 52.38% ▌Archibald Williams (Republican) 47.62% |
| Illinois 6 | Richard Yates | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Thomas L. Harris (Democratic) 50.50% ▌Richard Yates (Whig) 49.50% |
| Illinois 7 | James C. Allen | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. Election disqualified. Democratic loss. | ▌James C. Allen (Democratic) 50.00% ▌William Beatty Archer (Whig) 50.00% |
| Illinois 8 | William Henry Bissell | Independent Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Lyman Trumbull (Democratic) 59.87% ▌Philip Bond Fouke (Democratic) 40.13% |
| Illinois 9 | Willis Allen | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Samuel S. Marshall (Democratic) 64.67% ▌G. Jay S. Turney (Republican) 22.15% ▌DeWitt C. Barber (Unknown) 9.71% ▌A. Grow (Unknown) 2.05% ▌S. A. Rowan (Unknown) 1.42% |

## Indiana

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Indiana 1 | Smith Miller | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Smith Miller (Democratic) 52.15% ▌Sam Hall (People's) 47.85% |
| Indiana 2 | William Hayden English | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Hayden English (Democratic) 51.70% ▌Thomas C. Slaught (People's) 48.30% |
| Indiana 3 | Cyrus L. Dunham | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent lost re-election. People's gain. | ▌Y George G. Dunn (People's) 54.53% ▌Cyrus L. Dunham (Democratic) 45.47% |
| Indiana 4 | Jim Lane | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. People's gain. | ▌Y William Cumback (People's) 51.92% ▌William G. Holman (Democratic) 48.08% |
| Indiana 5 | Samuel W. Parker | Whig | 1851 | Incumbent retired. People's gain. | ▌Y David P. Holloway (People's) 64.25% ▌J. J. Buckles (Democratic) 35.76% |
| Indiana 6 | Thomas A. Hendricks | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent lost re-election. People's gain. | ▌Y Lucien Barbour (People's) 51.41% ▌Thomas A. Hendricks (Democratic) 48.59% |
| Indiana 7 | John G. Davis | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent lost re-election. People's gain. | ▌Y Harvey D. Scott (People's) 52.58% ▌John G. Davis (Democratic) 47.42% |
| Indiana 8 | Daniel Mace | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. People's gain. | ▌Y Daniel Mace (People's) 56.92% ▌James Davis (Democratic) 43.08% |
| Indiana 9 | Norman Eddy | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. People's gain. | ▌Y Schuyler Colfax (People's) 54.85% ▌Norman Eddy (Democratic) 45.15% |
| Indiana 10 | Ebenezer M. Chamberlain | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. People's gain. | ▌Y Samuel Brenton (People's) 56.00% ▌Ebenezer M. Chamberlain (Democratic) 44.00% |
| Indiana 11 | Andrew J. Harlan | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. People's gain. | ▌Y John U. Pettit (People's) 56.59% ▌James R. Slack (Democratic) 43.41% |

## Iowa

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Iowa 1 | Bernhart Henn | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Augustus Hall (Democratic) 50.27% ▌R. L. Clark (Whig) 49.50% ▌J. L. Ashbaugh (Independent) 0.23% |
| Iowa 2 | William Vandever | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. | ▌Y James Thorington (Whig) 53.33% ▌Stephen P. Hempstead (Democratic) 46.09% ▌Augustus Hall (Independent) 0.57% |

## Kentucky

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Kentucky 1 | Linn Boyd | Democratic | 1839 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Henry C. Burnett (Democratic) 61.77% ▌Hughes (Know Nothing) 38.23% |
| Kentucky 2 | Benjamin E. Grey | Whig | 1851 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y John P. Campbell Jr. (Know Nothing) 55.30% ▌Samuel Peyton (Democratic) 44.70% |
| Kentucky 3 | Francis Bristow | Whig | 1854 (special) | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Warner Underwood (Know Nothing) 56.89% ▌James P. Bates (Democratic) 43.12% |
| Kentucky 4 | James Chrisman | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Albert G. Talbott (Democratic) 50.06% ▌Fountain T. Fox (Know Nothing) 49.94% |
| Kentucky 5 | Clement S. Hill | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Joshua Jewett (Democratic) 51.64% ▌C. G. Wintersmith (Whig) 48.37% |
| Kentucky 6 | John Milton Elliott | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Milton Elliott (Democratic) 54.80% ▌George W. Dunlap (Know Nothing) 45.20% |
| Kentucky 7 | William Preston | Whig | 1852 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Humphrey Marshall (Know Nothing) 61.29% ▌William Preston (Whig) 38.71% |
| Kentucky 8 | John C. Breckinridge | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Alexander Keith Marshall (Know Nothing) 55.98% ▌James O. Harrison (Democratic) 44.02% |
| Kentucky 9 | Leander Cox | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected as a Know Nothing. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Leander Cox (Know Nothing) 55.06% ▌Richard H. Stanton (Democratic) 44.94% |
| Kentucky 9 | Richard H. Stanton Redistricted from the 10th district | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic loss. | ▌Y Leander Cox (Know Nothing) 55.06% ▌Richard H. Stanton (Democratic) 44.94% |
| Kentucky 10 | None (new district) | None (new district) | None (new district) | New seat. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Samuel F. Swope (Know Nothing) 51.72% ▌Henry C. Harris (Democratic) 48.28% |

## Louisiana

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Louisiana 1 | William Dunbar | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y George Eustis Jr. (Know Nothing) 53.40% ▌Albert Fabre (Democratic) 46.60% |
| Louisiana 2 | Theodore G. Hunt | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Miles Taylor (Democratic) 51.54% ▌Theodore G. Hunt (Know Nothing) 48.46% |
| Louisiana 3 | John Perkins Jr. | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Thomas G. Davidson (Democratic) 50.62% ▌Preston Pond Jr. (Know Nothing) 49.38% |
| Louisiana 4 | Roland Jones | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y John M. Sandidge (Democratic) 58.05% ▌William B. Lewis (Know Nothing) 41.95% |

## Maine

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Maine 1 | Moses Macdonald | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y John M. Wood (Republican) 59.36% ▌Samuel Wells (Democratic) 39.91% ▌Lorenzo D. Wilkinson (Independent) 0.74% |
| Maine 2 | Samuel Mayall | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y John J. Perry (Republican) 56.88% ▌William K. Kimball (Democratic) 42.46% ▌Charles J. Gilman (Independent) 0.66% |
| Maine 3 | E. Wilder Farley | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y Ebenezer Knowlton (Republican) 43.94% ▌Jonathan G. Dickerson (Democratic) 30.78% ▌E. Wilder Farley (Whig) 25.28% |
| Maine 4 | Samuel P. Benson | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. | ▌Y Samuel P. Benson (Republican) 77.05% ▌George Rogers (Democratic) 22.95% |
| Maine 5 | Israel Washburn Jr. | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. | ▌Y Israel Washburn Jr. (Republican) 63.09% ▌Samuel H. Blake (Democratic) 36.91% |
| Maine 6 | Thomas J. D. Fuller | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas J. D. Fuller (Democratic) 42.39% ▌James A. Milliken (Republican) 38.74% ▌Noah Smith (Whig) 18.88% |

## Maryland

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Maryland 1 | John Rankin Franklin | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y James Augustus Stewart (Democratic) 51.27% ▌John Dennis (Know Nothing) 48.73% |
| Maryland 2 | Jacob Shower | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y James B. Ricaud (Know Nothing) 56.58% ▌Jacob Shower (Democratic) 43.42% |
| Maryland 3 | Joshua Van Sant | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y J. Morrison Harris (Know Nothing) 50.21% ▌Joshua Van Sant (Democratic) 49.79% |
| Maryland 4 | William T. Hamilton | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Henry Winter Davis (Know Nothing) 52.36% ▌William T. Hamilton (Democratic) 47.64% |
| Maryland 5 | Henry May | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Henry William Hoffman (Know Nothing) 51.60% ▌Henry May (Democratic) 48.40% |
| Maryland 6 | Augustus Rhodes Sollers | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Thomas Fielder Bowie (Democratic) 53.93% ▌William Watkins (Know Nothing) 46.07% |

## Massachusetts

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Massachusetts 1 | Thomas D. Eliot | Whig | 1854 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Robert B. Hall (Know Nothing) 63.70% ▌Thomas D. Eliot (Whig) 26.63% ▌Abraham H. Rowland (Democratic) 9.66% |
| Massachusetts 2 | Samuel L. Crocker | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y James Buffinton (Know Nothing) 68.25% ▌Samuel L. Crocker (Whig) 16.20% ▌Charles R. Vickery (Democratic) 9.01% ▌Gersham B. Weston (Free Soil) 6.55% |
| Massachusetts 3 | J. Wiley Edmands | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y William S. Damrell (Know Nothing) 74.76% ▌Nathaniel F. Safford (Whig) 16.67% ▌Edward Avery (Democratic) 5.38% ▌Arthur W. Austin (Independent) 2.26% |
| Massachusetts 4 | Samuel H. Walley | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Linus B. Comins (Know Nothing) 57.45% ▌Samuel H. Walley (Whig) 32.00% ▌Samuel R. Skinner (Democratic) 10.55% |
| Massachusetts 5 | William Appleton | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Anson Burlingame (Know Nothing) 61.64% ▌William Appleton (Whig) 32.12% ▌William Parmenter (Democratic) 6.24% |
| Massachusetts 6 | Charles W. Upham | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Timothy Davis (Know Nothing) 65.39% ▌Charles W. Upham (Whig) 28.44% ▌Nathaniel J. Lord (Democratic) 5.57% ▌George Hood (Independent) 0.59% |
| Massachusetts 7 | Nathaniel P. Banks | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Nathaniel P. Banks (Know Nothing) 73.53% ▌Luther Bell (Whig) 20.43% ▌Bowen Buckman (Democratic) 6.04% |
| Massachusetts 8 | Tappan Wentworth | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Chauncey L. Knapp (Know Nothing) 62.80% ▌Tappan Wentworth (Whig) 31.88% ▌Daniel Needham (Democratic) 5.32% |
| Massachusetts 9 | Alexander DeWitt | Free Soil | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Alexander DeWitt (Know Nothing) 76.97% ▌Isaac Davis (Democratic) 13.36% ▌Ira M. Barton (Whig) 7.45% ▌Alfred Mowrey (Independent) 1.42% ▌William P. Marble (Independent) 0.46% Scattering 0.34% |
| Massachusetts 10 | Edward Dickinson | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Calvin C. Chaffee (Know Nothing) 65.35% ▌Edward Dickinson (Whig) 23.33% ▌Stephen C. Bemis (Democratic) 11.32% |
| Massachusetts 11 | John Z. Goodrich | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Mark Trafton (Know Nothing) 50.52% ▌John Z. Goodrich (Whig) 30.42% ▌Whiting Griswold (Democratic) 19.06% |

## Michigan

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Michigan 1 | David Stuart | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y William Alanson Howard (Republican) 53.10% ▌David Stuart (Democratic) 46.90% |
| Michigan 2 | David A. Noble | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y Henry Waldron (Republican) 57.67% ▌David A. Noble (Democratic) 42.33% |
| Michigan 3 | Samuel Clark | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y David S. Walbridge (Republican) 44.17% ▌Samuel Clark (Democratic) 55.83% |
| Michigan 4 | Hestor L. Stevens | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y George Washington Peck (Democratic) 53.25% ▌Moses Wisner (Republican) 46.75% |

## Mississippi

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Mississippi 1 | Daniel B. Wright | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Daniel B. Wright (Democratic) 55.5% ▌J. H. Taylor (Know Nothing) 44.5% |
| Mississippi 2 | William S. Barry | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired to run for state representative. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Hendley S. Bennett (Democratic) 51.6% ▌L. E. Houston (Know Nothing) 48.4% |
| Mississippi 3 | William Barksdale Redistricted from the at-large district | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Barksdale (Democratic) 55.5% ▌Joseph B. Cobb (Know Nothing) 44.5% |
| Mississippi 4 | Otho R. Singleton Redistricted from the 3rd district | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y William A. Lake (Know Nothing) 50.8% ▌Otho R. Singleton (Democratic) 49.2% |
| Mississippi 5 | None (New seat) | None (New seat) | None (New seat) | New seat. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John A. Quitman (Democratic) 59.4% ▌Giles M. Hillyer (Know Nothing) 40.6% |

## Missouri

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Missouri 1 | Thomas Hart Benton | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. | ▌Y Luther M. Kennett (Whig) 54.16% ▌Thomas Hart Benton (Benton Democratic) 45.84% |
| Missouri 2 | Alfred W. Lamb | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Gilchrist Porter (Whig) 54.14% ▌Tully Cornick (Benton Democratic) 45.86% |
| Missouri 3 | James J. Lindley | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James J. Lindley (Whig) 52.46% ▌Augustus W. Fournoy (Democratic) 47.54% |
| Missouri 4 | Mordecai Oliver | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Mordecai Oliver (Whig) 41.95% ▌S.L. Leonard (Democratic) 34.21% ▌Shelton J. Howe (Benton Democratic) 19.08% ▌J. F. Pitt (Ind. Whig) 4.76% |
| Missouri 5 | John G. Miller | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John G. Miller (Whig) 46.12% ▌Thomas L. Price (Benton Democratic) 35.50% ▌Warwick Hough (Democratic) 18.38% |
| Missouri 6 | John S. Phelps | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John S. Phelps (Democratic) 51.10% ▌Waldo P. Johnson (Benton Democratic) 48.90% |
| Missouri 7 | Samuel Caruthers | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Samuel Caruthers (Whig) 58.85% ▌Charles Jones (Democratic) 41.15% |

## New Hampshire

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| New Hampshire 1 | George W. Kittredge | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y James Pike (Know Nothing) ▌George W. Kittredge (Democratic) [data missing] |
| New Hampshire 2 | George W. Morrison | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Mason Tappan (Know Nothing) ▌George W. Morrison (Democratic) [data missing] |
| New Hampshire 3 | Harry Hibbard | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Aaron H. Cragin (Know Nothing) [data missing] |

## New Jersey

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| New Jersey 1 | Nathan T. Stratton | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Isaiah D. Clawson (Whig) 42.94% ▌Thomas W. Mulford (Democratic) 30.02% ▌John W. Hazelton (Temperance) 27.05% |
| New Jersey 2 | Charles Skelton | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y George R. Robbins (Whig) 57.56% ▌Nathaniel S. Rue (Democratic) 42.44% |
| New Jersey 3 | Samuel Lilly | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. | ▌Y James Bishop (Whig) 54.35% ▌Samuel Lilly (Democratic) 45.65% |
| New Jersey 4 | George Vail | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y George Vail (Democratic) 51.65% ▌Peter Osborne (Anti-Nebraska) 48.35% |
| New Jersey 5 | Alexander C. M. Pennington | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Alexander C. M. Pennington (Whig) 54.42% ▌John Darcy (Democratic) 45.58% |

## New York

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| New York 1 | James Maurice | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y William Valk (Know Nothing) 31.19% ▌Daniel B. Allen (Hard Shell Democratic) 20.49% ▌Harvey W. Vail (Whig) 19.81% ▌Frederick Lord (Soft Shell Democratic) 16.48% ▌Gabriel P. Disosway (Temperance) 11.40% |
| New York 2 | Thomas W. Cumming | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y James S. T. Stranahan (Whig) 50.98% ▌George Taylor (Democratic) 49.02% |
| New York 3 | Hiram Walbridge | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Guy R. Pelton (Whig) 49.06% ▌George D. Clinton (Hard Shell Democratic) 30.70% ▌William Miner (Soft Shell Democratic) 20.24% |
| New York 4 | Michael Walsh | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic hold. | ▌Y John Kelly (Soft Shell Democratic) 40.54% ▌Michael Walsh (Hard Shell Democratic) 40.30% ▌Sanford L. Macomber (Whig) 10.89% ▌John W. Boyce (Know Nothing) 8.27% |
| New York 5 | William M. Tweed | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Thomas R. Whitney (Know Nothing) 30.86% ▌George H. Andrews (Whig) 25.71% ▌Phillip Hamilton (Hard Shell Democratic) 25.27% ▌Abraham J. Berry (Soft Shell Democratic) 18.16% |
| New York 6 | John Wheeler | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Wheeler (Hard Shell Democratic) 51.58% ▌John M. Murphy (Soft Shell Democratic) 25.61% ▌Charles H. Marshall (Whig) 22.81% |
| New York 7 | William A. Walker | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Thomas Child Jr. (Whig) 56.29% ▌William D. Kennedy (Democratic) 43.71% |
| New York 8 | Francis B. Cutting | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Abram Wakeman (Whig) 51.87% ▌James L. Curtis (Hard Shell Democratic) 32.52% ▌Edward B. Fellows (Soft Shell Democratic) 15.61% |
| New York 9 | Jared V. Peck | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. | ▌Y Bayard Clarke (Whig) 59.56% ▌Benjamin Brandreth (Hard Shell Democratic) 19.64% ▌James R. Whiting (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.04% ▌Jared V. Peck (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 2.95% ▌Benjamin V. Bailey (Independent) 2.82% |
| New York 10 | William Murray | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Ambrose S. Murray (Whig) 44.05% ▌Charles S. Woodworth (Hard Shell Democratic) 38.59% ▌Jonathan Stratton (Soft Shell Democratic) 17.36% |
| New York 11 | Theodoric R. Westbrook | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Rufus H. King (Whig) 62.98% ▌Elisha P. Strong (Democratic) 37.03% |
| New York 12 | Isaac Teller | Whig | 1854 (special) | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. | ▌Y Killian Miller (Whig) 51.07% ▌Hugh McClelland (Soft Shell Democratic) 33.78% ▌William H. Wilson (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.16% |
| New York 13 | Russell Sage | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Russell Sage (Whig) 63.22% ▌Henry A. Clum (Soft Shell Democratic) 18.86% ▌Alanson Cook (Hard Shell Democratic) 17.92% |
| New York 14 | Rufus W. Peckham | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Samuel Dickson (Whig) 30.91% ▌John W. Harcourt (Know Nothing) 28.45% ▌John V. L. Pruyn (Soft Shell Democratic) 25.62% ▌Hamilton David (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.03% |
| New York 15 | Charles Hughes | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. | ▌Y Edward Dodd (Whig) 37.57% ▌Orville Clark (Hard Shell Democratic) 35.34% ▌Charles Hughes (Soft Shell Democratic) 13.73% ▌James M. Andrews (Temperance) 13.36% |
| New York 16 | George A. Simmons | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y George A. Simmons (Whig) 48.18% ▌Jerome B. Bailey (Know Nothing) 27.06% ▌Gorton T. Thomas (Soft Shell Democratic) 15.02% ▌Joseph R. Flanders (Hard Shell Democratic) 9.75% |
| New York 17 | Bishop Perkins | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Francis E. Spinner (Soft Shell Democratic) 50.62% ▌Henry P. Alexander (Whig) 36.00% ▌Nathaniel S. Benton (Hard Shell Democratic) 13.38% |
| New York 18 | Peter Rowe | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Thomas R. Horton (Whig) 51.32% ▌Isaac Jackson (Democratic) 48.68% |
| New York 19 | George W. Chase | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. | ▌Y Jonas A. Hughston (Whig) 43.25% ▌Lewis R. Palmer (Soft Shell Democratic) 41.33% ▌William B. Hawes (Free Soil) 8.59% ▌Hezekiah Sturgis (Hard Shell Democratic) 6.84% |
| New York 20 | Orsamus B. Matteson | Whig | 1848 1850 (retired) 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Orsamus B. Matteson (Whig) 38.16% ▌William C. Johnson (Soft Shell Democratic) 30.40% ▌Benjamin N. Huntington (Independent Whig) 27.98% ▌Nasman W. Moore (Soft Shell Democratic) 3.46% |
| New York 21 | Henry Bennett | Whig | 1848 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Henry Bennett (Whig) 56.03% ▌Edward Tompkins (Hard Shell Democratic) 32.04% ▌Oliver C. Crocker (Soft Shell Democratic) 11.93% |
| New York 22 | Gerrit Smith | Free Soil | 1852 | Incumbent resigned August 7, 1854. Whig gain. | ▌Y Andrew Z. McCarty (Whig) 32.19% ▌Leander Babcock (Soft Shell Democratic) 27.50% ▌Charles G. Case (Free Soil) 21.24% ▌William Lewis (Hard Shell Democratic) 19.08% |
| New York 23 | Caleb Lyon | Independent | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y William A. Gilbert (Whig) 46.35% ▌Willard Ives (Soft Shell Democratic) 41.86% ▌Lysander Brown (Hard Shell Democratic) 11.22% ▌Reuben Goodale (Abolition) 0.58% |
| New York 24 | Daniel T. Jones | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y Amos P. Granger (Whig) 37.50% ▌Thomas G. Alvord (Soft Shell Democratic) 32.08% ▌B. Davis Noxon (Know Nothing) 26.62% ▌Sanford Parker (Hard Shell Democratic) 3.80% |
| New York 25 | Edwin B. Morgan | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Edwin B. Morgan (Whig) 48.35% ▌George H. Middleton (Soft Shell Democratic) 43.50% ▌William F. Aldrich (Hard Shell Democratic) 8.15% |
| New York 26 | Andrew Oliver | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Andrew Oliver (Soft Shell Democratic) 47.74% ▌James M. Seeley (Whig) 37.06% ▌Thomas M. Howell (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.20% |
| New York 27 | John J. Taylor | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y John M. Parker (Whig) 61.27% ▌John G. McDowell (Soft Shell Democratic) 26.45% ▌Stephen B. Cushing (Hard Shell Democratic) 12.28% |
| New York 28 | George Hastings | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. | ▌Y William H. Kelsey (Whig) 68.90% ▌George Hastings (Soft Shell Democratic) 27.72% ▌Leman Gibbs (Hard Shell Democratic) 3.38% |
| New York 29 | Davis Carpenter | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John Williams (Soft Shell Democratic) 47.94% ▌Davis Carpenter (Whig) 36.13% ▌Joseph Sibley (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.94% |
| New York 30 | Benjamin Pringle | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Benjamin Pringle (Whig) 57.59% ▌Albert P. Laning (Soft Shell Democratic) 23.62% ▌Charles W. Belden (Hard Shell Democratic) 14.60% ▌Nathan V. Hull (Free Soil) 4.19% |
| New York 31 | Thomas T. Flagler | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas T. Flagler (Whig) 76.63% ▌Alden S. Blair (Democratic) 13.12% ▌Edward J. Chase (Free Soil) 10.25% |
| New York 32 | Solomon G. Haven | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Solomon G. Haven (Whig) 59.21% ▌Israel T. Hatch (Soft Shell Democratic) 35.15% ▌Nelson Randall (Hard Shell Democratic) 5.64% |
| New York 33 | Reuben Fenton | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Francis S. Edwards (Know Nothing) 55.49% ▌Reuben Fenton (Soft Shell Democratic) 42.47% ▌Ebenezer A. Lester (Hard Shell Democratic) 1.64% ▌George W. Patterson (Whig) 0.40% |

## North Carolina

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| North Carolina 1 | Henry M. Shaw | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Robert Treat Paine (Know Nothing) 51.71% ▌Henry M. Shaw (Democratic) 48.29% |
| North Carolina 2 | Thomas Hart Ruffin | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas Hart Ruffin (Democratic) 66.05% ▌Thomas J. Latham (Know Nothing) 33.95% |
| North Carolina 3 | William S. Ashe | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Warren Winslow (Democratic) 54.94% ▌David Reid (Know Nothing) 45.06% |
| North Carolina 4 | Sion H. Rogers | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (Democratic) 61.67% ▌James B. Shepard (Know Nothing) 38.33% |
| North Carolina 5 | John Kerr Jr. | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Edwin Godwin Reade (Know Nothing) 65.28% ▌John Kerr Jr. (Whig) 34.72% |
| North Carolina 6 | Richard C. Puryear | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Richard C. Puryear (Whig) 51.44% ▌Alfred Moore Scales (Democratic) 48.56% |
| North Carolina 7 | F. Burton Craige | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y F. Burton Craige (Democratic) 62.17% ▌Samuel N. Stowe (Know Nothing) 37.83% |
| North Carolina 8 | Thomas L. Clingman | Democratic | 1843 1845 (lost) 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas L. Clingman (Democratic) 55.10% ▌Leander B. Carmichael (Know Nothing) 44.90% |

## Ohio

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Ohio 1 | David T. Disney | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Timothy C. Day (Anti-Nebraska) 63.46% ▌George H. Pendleton (Democratic) 36.54% |
| Ohio 2 | John Scott Harrison | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y John Scott Harrison (Anti-Nebraska) 66.03% ▌William S. Groesbeck (Democratic) 33.97% |
| Ohio 3 | Lewis D. Campbell | Whig | 1848 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Lewis D. Campbell (Anti-Nebraska) 58.25% ▌Clement Vallandigham (Democratic) 41.75% |
| Ohio 4 | Matthias H. Nichols | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Matthias H. Nichols (Anti-Nebraska) 70.19% ▌G. V. Dorsey (Democratic) 29.81% |
| Ohio 5 | Alfred Edgerton | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Richard Mott (Anti-Nebraska) 61.62% ▌Henry S. Cowager (Democratic) 38.38% |
| Ohio 6 | Andrew Ellison | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Jonas R. Emrie (Anti-Nebraska) 65.04% ▌Andrew Ellison (Democratic) 34.96% |
| Ohio 7 | Aaron Harlan | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Aaron Harlan (Anti-Nebraska) 81.14% ▌Benjamin B. Hinkson (Democratic) 18.86% |
| Ohio 8 | Moses Bledso Corwin | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Benjamin Stanton (Anti-Nebraska) 75.84% ▌Enoch G. Dial (Democratic) 23.10% ▌J. Newell (Unknown) 1.06% |
| Ohio 9 | Frederick W. Green | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Cooper K. Watson (Anti-Nebraska) 59.92% ▌Josiah S. Plants (Democratic) 40.08% |
| Ohio 10 | John L. Taylor | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Oscar F. Moore (Anti-Nebraska) 65.32% ▌James W. Davis (Democratic) 34.68% |
| Ohio 11 | Thomas Ritchey | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Valentine B. Horton (Anti-Nebraska) 58.70% ▌Lot L. Smith (Democratic) 41.30% |
| Ohio 12 | Edson B. Olds | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent lost re-election. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Samuel Galloway (Anti-Nebraska) 60.28% ▌Edson B. Olds (Democratic) 39.72% |
| Ohio 13 | William D. Lindsley | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y John Sherman (Anti-Nebraska) 59.80% ▌William D. Lindsley (Democratic) 40.21% |
| Ohio 14 | Harvey H. Johnson | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Philemon Bliss (Anti-Nebraska) 59.26% ▌Harvey H. Johnson (Democratic) 40.74% |
| Ohio 15 | William R. Sapp | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y William R. Sapp (Anti-Nebraska) 58.99% ▌William Dunbar (Democratic) 41.02% |
| Ohio 16 | Edward Ball | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Edward Ball (Anti-Nebraska) 58.89% ▌William Galligher (Democratic) 41.11% |
| Ohio 17 | Wilson Shannon | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Charles J. Albright (Anti-Nebraska) 58.07% ▌Daniel H. Wire (Democratic) 41.93% |
| Ohio 18 | George Bliss | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Benjamin F. Leiter (Anti-Nebraska) 63.36% ▌Ebenezer Spaulding (Democratic) 36.64% |
| Ohio 19 | Edward Wade | Free Soil | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Edward Wade (Anti-Nebraska) 71.07% ▌Eli T. Wilder (Democratic) 28.42% ▌Irad Kelly (Independent) 0.51% |
| Ohio 20 | Joshua Reed Giddings | Free Soil | 1843 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y Joshua Reed Giddings (Anti-Nebraska) [data missing] |
| Ohio 21 | Andrew Stuart | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent lost re-election. Anti-Nebraska gain. | ▌Y John Bingham (Anti-Nebraska) [data missing] |

## Pennsylvania

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Pennsylvania 1 | Thomas B. Florence | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas B. Florence (Democratic) 51.77% ▌Edward Joy Morris (Whig) 48.23% |
| Pennsylvania 2 | Joseph R. Chandler | Whig | 1848 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig hold. | ▌Y Job R. Tyson (Whig) 54.63% ▌John Hamilton (Democratic) 33.82% ▌Joseph R. Chandler (Ind. Whig) 11.56% |
| Pennsylvania 3 | John Robbins | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y William Millward (Whig) 51.59% ▌James Landy (Democratic) 48.41% |
| Pennsylvania 4 | William Henry Witte | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Jacob Broom (Know Nothing) 49.63% ▌Henry Myer Phillips (Democratic) 44.08% ▌John Lambert (Whig) 6.29% |
| Pennsylvania 5 | John McNair | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y John Cadwalader (Democratic) 50.03% ▌Nathan A. Jones (Whig) 49.97% |
| Pennsylvania 6 | William Everhart | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John Hickman (Democratic) 58.97% ▌John M. Broomall (Whig) 41.03% |
| Pennsylvania 7 | Samuel A. Bridges | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y Samuel C. Bradshaw (Republican) 51.03% ▌Samuel A. Bridges (Democratic) 48.97% |
| Pennsylvania 8 | J. Glancy Jones | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y J. Glancy Jones (Democratic) 59.77% ▌John C. Myers (Whig) 40.23% |
| Pennsylvania 9 | Isaac E. Hiester | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Independent gain. | ▌Y Anthony E. Roberts (Independent) 39.38% ▌Isaac E. Hiester (Whig) 33.79% ▌Joseph S. Lefevre (Democratic) 26.84% |
| Pennsylvania 10 | Ner Middleswarth | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. | ▌Y John C. Kunkel (Whig) 55.99% ▌Amos Boughter (Democratic) 43.01% ▌George A. Seiler (Independent) 1.00% |
| Pennsylvania 11 | Christian M. Straub | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. | ▌Y James H. Campbell (Republican) 38.87% ▌William L. Dewart (Democratic) 36.68% ▌Joseph W. Cake (Democratic) 21.90% ▌Kimber Cleaver (Know Nothing) 2.56% |
| Pennsylvania 12 | Hendrick B. Wright | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. | ▌Y Henry Mills Fuller (Whig) 56.26% ▌Hendrick B. Wright (Democratic) 43.74% |
| Pennsylvania 13 | Asa Packer | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Asa Packer (Democratic) 58.67% ▌Edward F. Stewart (Whig) 41.33% |
| Pennsylvania 14 | Galusha A. Grow | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Galusha A. Grow (Democratic) 95.22% ▌Jim Grow (Independent) 4.56% ▌Olin L. Hawley (Independent) 0.23% |

## Rhode Island

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Rhode Island 1 | Thomas Davis | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Nathan B. Durfee (Know Nothing) ▌Thomas Davis (Democratic) [data missing] |
| Rhode Island 2 | Benjamin B. Thurston | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Benjamin B. Thurston (Know Nothing) [data missing] |

## South Carolina

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| South Carolina 1 | John McQueen | Democratic | 1849 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John McQueen (Democratic) 67.44% ▌I. D. Wilson (Unknown) 32.56% |
| South Carolina 2 | William Aiken Jr. | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Aiken Jr. (Democratic) 96.44% ▌W. C. Clayton (Unknown) 3.56% |
| South Carolina 3 | Laurence M. Keitt | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Laurence M. Keitt (Democratic) 100.0% unopposed |
| South Carolina 4 | Preston Brooks | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Preston Brooks (Democratic) 66.84% ▌A. C. Garlington (Unknown) 33.16% |
| South Carolina 5 | James L. Orr | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James L. Orr (Democratic) 100.00% unopposed |
| South Carolina 6 | William W. Boyce | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William W. Boyce (Democratic) 100.0% unopposed |

## Tennessee

Elections held late, on August 2, 1855.
| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Tennessee 1 | Nathaniel G. Taylor | Whig | 1854 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election as a Know Nothing. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Albert G. Watkins (Democratic) 50.32% ▌Nathaniel G. Taylor (Know Nothing) 48.57% ▌A. G. Graham (Unknown) 1.11% |
| Tennessee 2 | William M. Churchwell | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y William H. Sneed (Know Nothing) 52.15% ▌David H. Cummins (Democratic) 47.85% |
| Tennessee 3 | Samuel A. Smith | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Samuel A. Smith (Democratic) 51.78% ▌Josiah M. Anderson (Know Nothing) 48.22% |
| Tennessee 4 | William Cullom | Whig | 1851 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John H. Savage (Democratic) 51.96% ▌William Cullom (Know Nothing) 48.04% |
| Tennessee 5 | Charles Ready | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Charles Ready (Know Nothing) 91.79% ▌Edwin A. Keeble (Democratic) 8.21% |
| Tennessee 6 | George W. Jones | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y George W. Jones (Democratic) 66.63% ▌Powhatan Gordon (Know Nothing) 33.37% |
| Tennessee 7 | Robert M. Bugg | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John V. Wright (Democratic) 57.24% ▌William Kendrick (Know Nothing) 42.76% |
| Tennessee 8 | Felix Zollicoffer | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Felix Zollicoffer (Know Nothing) 58.89% ▌Granville C. Torbett (Democratic) 41.11% |
| Tennessee 9 | Emerson Etheridge | Whig | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Emerson Etheridge (Know Nothing) 51.82% ▌Thomas J. Freeman (Democratic) 48.18% |
| Tennessee 10 | Frederick P. Stanton | Democratic | 1845 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Thomas Rivers (Know Nothing) 53.29% ▌David M. Currin (Democratic) 46.71% |

## Texas

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Texas 1 | George W. Smyth | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y Lemuel D. Evans (Know Nothing) 50.10% ▌Matthias Ward (Democratic) 49.90% |
| Texas 2 | Peter Hansborough Bell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Peter H. Bell (Democratic) 60.76% ▌John Hancock (Know Nothing) 39.24% |

## Vermont

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Vermont 1 | James Meacham | Whig | 1849 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James Meacham (Whig) 71.1% ▌Solomon W. Jewett (Democratic) 28.6% |
| Vermont 2 | Andrew Tracy | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. | ▌Y Justin S. Morrill (Whig) 50.6% ▌J. W. Parker (Democratic) 35.7% ▌Oscar L. Shafter (Free Soil) 13.7% |
| Vermont 3 | Alvah Sabin | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Alvah Sabin (Whig) 68.2% ▌William Heywood (Democratic) 31.4% |

## Virginia

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Virginia 1 | Thomas H. Bayly | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas H. Bayly (Democratic) 84.5% ▌Robert L. Montague (Independent) 10.2% |
| Virginia 2 | John Millson | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Millson (Democratic) 53.3% ▌[FNU] Watts (Know Nothing) 46.7% |
| Virginia 3 | John S. Caskie | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John S. Caskie (Democratic) 52.1% ▌William C. Scott (Know Nothing) 47.9% |
| Virginia 4 | William Goode | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Goode (Democratic) 61.3% ▌Littleton Tazewell (Know Nothing) 38.7% |
| Virginia 5 | Thomas S. Bocock | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas S. Bocock (Democratic) 57.3% ▌Nathaniel C. Claiborne (Know Nothing) 42.7% |
| Virginia 6 | Paulus Powell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Paulus Powell (Democratic) 56.7% ▌[FNU] Ligon (Know Nothing) 43.3% |
| Virginia 7 | William Smith | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Smith (Democratic) 78.0% ▌P. Johnson Barbour (Independent) 13.8% ▌David Funsten (Independent) 8.2% |
| Virginia 8 | Charles J. Faulkner | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Charles J. Faulkner (Democratic) 50.7% ▌Alexander Boteler (Know Nothing) 49.3% |
| Virginia 9 | John Letcher | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Letcher (Democratic) 98.1% ▌Alexander H. H. Stuart (Know Nothing) 1.9% |
| Virginia 10 | Zedekiah Kidwell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Zedekiah Kidwell (Democratic) 54.5% ▌William K. Pendleton (Know Nothing) 45.5% |
| Virginia 11 | Charles S. Lewis | Democratic | 1854 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Know Nothing gain. | ▌Y John S. Carlile (Know Nothing) 51.2% ▌Charles S. Lewis (Democratic) 48.8% |
| Virginia 12 | Henry A. Edmundson | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Henry A. Edmundson (Democratic) 54.0% ▌Waller R. Staples (Know Nothing) 46.0% |
| Virginia 13 | Fayette McMullen | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Fayette McMullen (Democratic) 59.2% ▌[FNU] Trigg (Know Nothing) 40.8% |

## Wisconsin

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Wisconsin 1 | Daniel Wells Jr. | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Daniel Wells Jr. (Democratic) 54.6% ▌Wyman Spooner (Republican) 45.4% |
| Wisconsin 2 | Ben C. Eastman | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y Cadwallader C. Washburn (Republican) 59.5% ▌Otis Hoyt (Democratic) 39.8% ▌David Taylor (Independent) 0.7% |
| Wisconsin 3 | John B. Macy | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y Charles Billinghurst (Republican) 55.9% ▌John B. Macy (Democratic) 36.0% ▌Harvey G. Turner (Independent) 8.1% |

## Non-voting delegates

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Kansas | New seat | New seat | New seat | New territory. New delegate elected December 20, 1854. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John Wilkins Whitfield (Democratic) [data missing] |
| Minnesota | Henry Mower Rice | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Henry Mower Rice (Democratic) 46.00% ▌William Rainey Marshall (Republican) 32.46% ▌David Olmsted (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 21.54% |
| Nebraska (33rd Congress) | New seat | New seat | New seat | New territory. New delegate elected December 12, 1854. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Napoleon Bonaparte Giddings (Democratic) [data missing] |
| Nebraska (34th Congress) | Napoleon Bonaparte Giddings | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired. New delegate elected November 5, 1855. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Bird Chapman (Democratic) 55.16% ▌Hiram Pitt Bennet (Anti-Nebraska Republican) 44.84% |
| Oregon | Joseph Lane | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Joseph Lane (Democratic) [data missing] |