OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Manohar Sharma

Manohar Sharma (born 8 August 1940) is an Indian former first-class cricketer who played for Madhya Pradesh and Services. He is the author of the book Humour in Cricket.

## Career

Appearing in 66 first-class matches from 1959/60 to 1975/76, Sharma played as a right-handed batsman who usually opened the innings. He was also an occasional wicket-keeper, apart from being a part-time off break bowler. He made 3733 runs at an average of more than 37 including nine centuries in his first-class career. He played most of his cricket for Madhya Pradesh and Services in the Ranji Trophy, while also making appearances for Hyderabad Cricket Association XI in the Moin-ud-Dowlah Gold Cup Tournament. He was never selected for the Indian team although being a regular member of Central Zone and North Zone teams in the Duleep Trophy.
In 2010, a book authored by Sharma called Humour in Cricket was released. Sharma has worked as the vice president of the Madhya Pradesh Cricket Association and chairman of its cricket development committee. As of 2015, he is the president of the Hyderabad State Veterans Cricket Association.
# F. Lorée

F. Lorée is a manufacturer of double reed musical instruments based in Paris, France. Lorée produces professional-level instruments in the oboe family under the brand F. Lorée and student-level oboes under the brand Cabart.
F. Lorée was established in 1881 by François Lorée when he left his position as chef d'atelier for the well-established French oboe maker Frédéric Triébert.
The firm of Triébert, which was the dominant oboe-making concern in mid-19th century France, fell to pieces with the death of sole proprietor Frédéric Triébert in 1879. By 1882 it had changed management thrice and was eventually sold to the mass-maker Gautrot, itself purchased in 1884 by Couesnon.
Frédéric Triébert’s last foreman, François Lorée (1835–1902), formed his own oboe making company in 1881, carrying on Triébert’s work and tradition. Acquiring the contract for supplying oboes to the Paris Conservatory in 1882, François Lorée limited his atelier to making oboes and English horns. There is ample reason to believe that the professor of oboe at the Paris Conservatoire, Georges Gillet, encouraged Lorée to set up his own shop. The facts that Lorée acquired the Conservatoire contract before making a single oboe under his own name and that he collaborated with Gillet on the System 6 oboe, suggest such a plan.
Until the mid-20th century, François Lorée was almost without rival as a maker of artist-quality French oboes. In 1906, working with Georges Gillet, François’s son Adolphe Lucien Lorée modified the System 6 oboe to the 6bis (plateau) oboe that is almost universally used today. Even now Lorée remains the dominant French oboe maker. The overwhelming influence of French conservatory-trained oboists in American orchestras of the 1900s led to Lorée’s dominating the American market for most of that century; rare indeed is the American oboist who has not owned a Lorée oboe.
Further details of the Lorée-Triébert relationship are in an article by Robert Howe. The study on Triébert by Tula Giannini, PhD, musicologist, sheds light on his workshop and personal life.
# Ernesto Franco

Ernesto Franco (11 August 1956 – 10 September 2024) was an Italian academic and writer.

## Biography

Born in Genoa on 11 August 1956, Franco earned a degree in literature from the University of Genoa. He then worked in the publishing houses Marietti Editore [it] and Garzanti and subsequently taught at his alma mater. A specialist in Hispano-American culture, he translated works by Jorge Luis Borges, Julio Cortázar, Álvaro Mutis, Octavio Paz, Ernesto Sabato, and Mario Vargas Llosa. He also edited an anthology on fantastic literature with texts by Borges, Silvina Ocampo, and Adolfo Bioy Casares. In 1998, he became editor-in-chief at Giulio Einaudi Editore [it]. In 1999, he received the Viareggio Prize for Vite senza fine.
Franco died on 10 September 2024, at the age of 68.

## Works

* Isolario (1994)
* Vite senza fine (1999)
* Nostro mostro Moby Dick (2003)
* Usodimare. Un racconto per voce sola (2007)
* Donna cometa (2020)
* Storie fantastiche di isole vere (2024)
# Horace W. Babcock

Horace Welcome Babcock (September 13, 1912 – August 29, 2003) was an American astronomer. He was the son of Harold D. Babcock.

## Career

Babcock invented and built a number of astronomical instruments, and in 1953 was the first to propose the idea of adaptive optics. He specialized in spectroscopy and the study of magnetic fields of stars. He proposed the Babcock Model, a theory for the magnetism of sunspots.
During World War II, he was engaged in radiation work at MIT and Caltech. After the war he began a productive collaboration with his father. His undergraduate studies were at Caltech and his doctorate from University of California, Berkeley.
Babcock's 1938 doctoral thesis contained one of the earliest indications of dark matter. He reported measurements of the rotation curve for the Andromeda galaxy (M31) which suggested that the mass-to-luminosity ratio increases radially. He, however, attributed it to either absorption of light within the galaxy or modified dynamics in the outer portions of the spiral and not to any form of missing matter. It was not until the 1970s and the work of Rubin and Ford that Babcock's rotation curve of M31 was fully accepted as an indication of a mass or gravity problem in spiral galaxies.
He was director of the Palomar Observatory for Caltech from 1964 to 1978.

## Honors

Awards
* Henry Draper Medal of the National Academy of Sciences (1957)
* Eddington Medal (1958)
* Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1959)
* Bruce Medal (1969)
* Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1970)
* George Ellery Hale Prize of the American Astronomical Society Solar Physics Division (1992)
Named after him
* Asteroid 3167 Babcock (jointly with his father)
* Babcock crater on the Moon is named only for his father
Honors
* Elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences (1954)
* Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1959)
* Elected to the American Philosophical Society (1966)
# Rhinella lindae

Rhinella lindae is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Colombia and known from its type locality, Murri in the municipality of Frontino, and from Las Orquídeas National Natural Park, both on the western slope of the Cordillera Occidental, Antioquia Department. The specific name lindae honors Linda Trueb, an American herpetologist. However, common name Murri beaked toad has been coined for this species.

## Description

The holotype, an adult female, measures 62 mm (2.4 in), whereas the paratype male—of unknown maturity status—measures 30 mm (1.2 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is long and acuminate. In the female, tympanic annulus is present but the tympanic membrane is poorly differentiated; in the male, no tympanic annulus is present. The parotoid glands are ovoid but depressed and not very conspicuous. Dorsal skin is studded with minute granules extending to eyelids that show a crest. The fingers are one quarter webbed whereas the toes are extensively webbed. The upper parts are opaque black to dark brown with light yellow or olive green spots and dots. The venter is yellow or olive green with brown or black spots. The eye is coffee-colored.

## Habitat and conservation

Rhinella lindae is a terrestrial frog occurring in wet primary forest by creeks at elevations of 1,400–1,800 m (4,600–5,900 ft) above sea level. Individuals have been found in leaf litter and perching on rocks and in low vegetation. Reproduction is unknown.
It is a rare species that is threatened by habitat loss caused by agriculture, livestock, and illegal mining. The Las Orquídeas National Park site is subject to logging.
# Mabalacat College

Mabalacat City College (MCC) is an institution of higher learning funded and managed by the Mabalacat City government, Pampanga, Philippines.

## History

Mabalacat City College was established during the administration of former Mabalacat Mayor, Marino P. Morales.
After a series of feasibility studies, it was formally opened in September 2008. The legal foundation of the college was formulated by the SB members. On October 4, 2008, Municipal Ordinance No. 2, series of 2007 entitled "An ordinance establishing a local College in the Municipality of Mabalacat to be known as the Mabalacat City College and granting its charter providing for the Rules, Regulations and Pertinent Guidelines for its establishment and operation thereof," was passed.
On January 14, 2008, Former Mayor Morales appointed Dr. Leonardo C. Canlas as the first ad interim president of the college. The initial courses offered were BS in Elementary Education, BS in Secondary Education with major fields in mathematics and biological science, and BS in information technology.
Currently, the school offers 18 courses in its 5 Institutes.

## Academic departments

* Institute of Teacher Education (ITE)
** Courses Offered:
** Bachelor of Early Childhood Education.
** Bachelor of Elementary Education
** Bachelor of Physical Education
** Bachelor of Secondary Education, Major in English
** Bachelor of Secondary Education, Major in Filipino
** Bachelor of Secondary Education, Major in Math
** Bachelor of Secondary Education, Major in Science
** Bachelor of Secondary Education, Major in Social Studies
** Bachelor of Secondary Education, Major in Values Education
** Bachelor of Technical- Vocational Teacher Education
* Institute of Computing Studies (ICS)
** Courses Offered:
** Bachelor of Science in Information Teachnology
** Associate in Computer Technology
* Institute of Hospitality Management (IHM)
** Courses Offered:
** Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management
** Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management
* Institute of Arts and Sciences (IAS)
** Courses Offered:
** Bachelor of Arts in History
** Bachelor of Science in Biology
* Institute of Business Education (IBE)
** Courses Offered:
** Bachelor of Science in Accountancy
** Bachelor of Science in Customs Administration
# Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage

The Directorate for Cultural Heritage (Norwegian: Riksantikvaren or Direktoratet for kulturminneforvaltning) is a government agency responsible for the management of cultural heritage in Norway. Subordinate to the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment, it manages the Cultural Heritage Act of June 9, 1978. The directorate also has responsibilities under the Norwegian Planning and Building Law.

## Cultural Heritage Management in Norway

The directorate for Cultural Heritage Management is responsible for management on the national level. At the regional level the county municipalities are responsible for the management in their county. The Sami Parliament is responsible for management of Sámi heritage. On the island of Svalbard, the Governor of Svalbard maintains management responsibilities. For archaeological excavations there are five chartered archeological museums.

## History

The work with cultural heritage started in the early 1900s, and the first laws governing heritage findings came in 1905, with the first law protecting heritage buildings appearing in 1920. The post as National Antiquarian was established in 1912. When the Ministry of the Environment was created in 1972 the responsibility was transferred there, and the current law for cultural heritage is dated June 9, 1978, replacing the two older laws. The post was made a directorate on July 1, 1988.

### List of National Antiquarians

* 1912–1913 Herman Major Schirmer
* 1913–1946 Harry Fett
* 1946–1958 Arne Nygård-Nilssen
* 1958–1977 Roar Hauglid
* 1978–1991 Stephan Tschudi-Madsen
* 1991–1997 Øivind Lunde (leave of absence since 1995)
* 1997–2009 Nils Marstein (acting since 1995)
* 2009–2009 Sjur Helseth (acting)
* 2009–2018 Jørn Holme
* 2018–present Hanna Geiran
# Krasny Bor transmitter

59°39′45.30″N 30°41′25.34″E﻿ / ﻿59.6625833°N 30.6903722°E﻿ / 59.6625833; 30.6903722
Krasny Bor transmitter is a large facility for longwave, mediumwave and shortwave broadcasting at Krasny Bor near Saint Petersburg, Russia. Krasny Bor transmitter was established in 1961 and belongs to the most powerful broadcasting stations in the world. It uses four mast radiators and several shortwave antennas. The tallest of these mast radiators is a 271.5 metres high guyed mast, which is equipped with a cage antenna and used for longwave broadcasting. It was built in 2002 as replacement for a 257.5 metres tall guyed mast, destroyed at a helicopter collision, which killed 6 people, on November 5, 2001. Further, there is a 257 metres tall mast radiator, which is insulated against ground and equipped with a cage antenna for medium wave broadcasting, a 106 metres tall steel tube mast radiator carrying several cage antennas in multiple levels and a 93 metres tall guyed mast radiator.
Broadcasting from Krasny Bor was discontinued on January 1, 2013.

## Transmission frequencies

| Frequency | Power |
| 234 kHz | 1200 kW |
| 549 kHz | 100 kW |
| 801 kHz | 1000 kW |
| 1494 kHz | 1000 kW |
# Leonie Saint

Leonie Saint (born 23 April 1986), also known with the stage names Leonie Luder or simply Leonie is a German actress, TV presenter and former pornographic actress.

## Life and career

Born in Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Leonie entered the adult industry in September 2005, at the age of 19 years. In 2006, she became an exclusive actress for the company Videorama, for which she made her own series called Leonie. That same year, Leonie won the eLine Award in the category "Best Newcomer Germany" and, in 2007, in the category "Best Actress Germany".
Between 2007 and 2009, she co-hosted the show La Notte on the quiz channel 9Live. In 2007, she appeared in the music video "Lover's Lane" for the German horror punk band The Other. That same year, she also appeared in the music video "Screwing You on the Beach at Night" by Bloodhound Gang, but the video was eventually released in 2010.
In January 2008, Saint announced her retirement from the adult industry. In a 2011 interview, she said that she was disillusioned with the porn industry, that she would not do it again, and that she believed to have been deliberately infected with chlamydia by a jealous colleague.
Saint played a minor role in the 2009 film Männersache [de], directed by Mario Barth; she had previously been the leading actress and main subject of an eponym 2007 short film, Leonie Saint, directed by Jana Debus and showed at the 53rd International Short Film Festival Oberhausen. Saint also hosted the program Sportquiz on the channel Sport1.

## Personal life

In 2009, Saint had a daughter, Joline. In 2012, she married Marc, the father of her daughter.
# Sabana Surinam toad

The Sabana Surinam toad (Pipa parva), also known as the dwarf toad, is a species of frog in the family Pipidae. It is found in northwestern Venezuela and northeastern Colombia (Norte de Santander and La Guajira Departments), mainly in the Maracaibo Basin. There is an introduced (and expanding) population in the Lake Valencia Basin in northern Venezuela.

## Description

Adult males measure 28–37 mm (1.1–1.5 in) and females 27–44 mm (1.1–1.7 in) in snout–vent length. The head is narrow in the dorsal view, and the snout is pointed; the eyes are large. The body is relatively slender. Skin is tuberculate. The webbing between the fingers and toes is transparent.

## Habitat and conservation

Its natural habitats are lakes, ponds, and marshes in flat, open areas, such as grassland and flooded habitats. They are able to cross land areas. In Venezuela, its altitudinal range is from sea level up to 300 m (980 ft) above sea level, whereas in Colombia it is 50–135 m (164–443 ft). The female carries the eggs on her back, from where the hatching tadpoles emerge into water where the development continues.
Pipa parva is a very common species that may even be treated as a pest. There are no known threats (pest control seems to have a negligible impact on populations). On the contrary, the potential expansion of this species into the Orinoco Basin is seen as a threat.
# Galacantha

Galacantha is a genus of squat lobsters in the family Munidopsidae, containing the following species:
* Galacantha bellis Henderson, 1885
* Galacantha bellula Osawa, Lin & Chan, 2013
* Galacantha diomedeae Faxon, 1893
* Galacantha galeata Komai, 2011
* Galacantha quiquei Macpherson, 2007
* Galacantha rostrata A. Milne Edwards, 1880
* Galacantha spinosa A. Milne Edwards, 1880
* Galacantha subrostrata Macpherson, 2007
* Galacantha subspinosa Macpherson, 2007
* Galacantha trachynotus Anderson, 1896
* Galacantha valdiviae Balss, 1913
# Brushwood, New South Wales

Brushwood is a rural community in the central east part of the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. It is situated by road about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east of Ganmain and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) west of Coolamon.
Brushwood lies within the wheat farming belt of the Coolamon Shire Council and is the home of a small railway station (for the uploading of wheat and other grains) and a series of large 30-metre (98 ft) silos.
# Gwangju Science High School

Gwangju Science Academy for the Gifted is one of the science schools in South Korea, located in Gwangju. It was opened in March 1984 as Jeonnam Science High School (전남과학고등학교) which was changed to the current name in 1990. Gwangju Science High School is known as a science specialized magnet school for students who want to major in science, mathematics and engineering in university.
Korea's first astronaut, Yi So-Yeon, is an alumnus of this school.
# Dennis Carroll

Dennis Carroll (born 7 November 1960) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with the Sydney Swans in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was the last South Melbourne player to retire for Sydney.

## Career

From Ganmain, a small town outside Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Carroll came from a football family. Carroll's father Laurie (St Kilda Football Club) and uncle Tom (Carlton Football Club) also played in the VFL.
Carroll was recruited by the Swans in the VFL via a zoning rule, which enabled the Swans to recruit players from New South Wales. His first season was playing out of the Lake Oval in Melbourne in 1981, before moving with the Swans permanently to Sydney.
Carroll, a back flanker, became known as one of the finest kicks in the VFL, with the ability to dispose of the ball equally well on either foot. As an experienced campaigner and local product, Carroll was selected to captain the Sydney Swans in the Australian Football League, an honour which he held for seven seasons between 1986 and 1992, during some of the club's darkest days and the brink of extinction. He represented both Victoria and New South Wales at State of Origin level.
Carroll retired from the AFL in 1993. During his career he totalled 219 games for the Swans and was named on the Swans team of the century. The award for the most improved player at the Sydney Swans, the Dennis Carroll Award is named in his honour. The Sydney Cricket Ground has named a room the Kippax/Carroll room in honour of Dennis Carroll and cricketer Alan Kippax.
After retiring in 1993, Dennis spent four years as Sydney reserves coach and was later the Swans' match committee chairman.
# Ergny

Ergny (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France about 14 miles (23 km) northeast of Montreuil-sur-Mer.
# Bomunsan

Bomunsan (Korean: 보문산; Hanja: 寶文山), is an urban mountain park in the south of Daejeon Metropolitan City in Korea, with a peak elevation of 457.6 m (1,501 ft). Known as one of the Eight Great Views Daejeon, Bomunsan was established as a park in 1965, and contains multiple culture, sports, and heritage sites, some dating back as far as the Bronze Age.
The vicinity of the mountain is home to multiple amusement, sports, and health facilities including an outdoor concert hall, a Youth Square, and O-World amusement park and zoo, and the Bomunsan Forest Healing Center. Cultural heritage sites include the figure of a seated Buddha figure carved into the mountainside (c. late Goryeo dynasty), and the reconstructed ruins of an ancient fortress, as well as multiple Buddhist temples both within and bordering the park.

## Present condition

There are 10 official trails, most of them easily accessible directly from the city by foot and public transportation, with trail heads in 11 neighborhoods in the city's central (Jung-gu) district, though most signage is in Korean only. Hiking is popular year-round with diverse natural landscapes and approximately 10 mineral springs. At various times of year, locals enjoy walking through landscapes of cherry blossoms, azaleas, hydrangea, and the fall foliage of various maple trees. Municipal government of Daejeon uses the mountain and its infrastructure to organize numerous local events.
# Jusa Mountains

The Jusa Mountains are a minor range in southeastern South Korea. They run parallel to and immediately west of the Taebaek Mountains. Notable peaks include Danseok Mountain, which is part of Gyeongju National Park. The Jusa Mountains separate the Hyeongsan River basin on the east from the Geumho River basin on the west.
# Tymion

Tymion (Greek: Τυμίον) was an ancient town in Phrygia, Asia Minor (in today's Uşak Central District, Uşak Province, Aegean Region). Its site is located at the Turkish village of Şükraniye. From the middle of the 2nd century AD to the middle of the 6th century AD, Tymion was an important town for the ancient Christian church of Montanism. The Montanists, whose church spread all over the Roman Empire, expected the New Jerusalem to descend to earth at Tymion and the nearby town of Pepuza; Pepuza was the headquarters of Montanism and the seat of the Montanist patriarch. One of the founders of Montanism, Montanus, called both towns "Jerusalem." In late antiquity, both places attracted crowds of pilgrims from all over the Roman Empire. Women played an emancipated role in Montanism. They could become priests and also bishops. In the 6th century AD, this church became extinct.
Since 2001, Peter Lampe of the University of Heidelberg has directed annual archaeological campaigns in Phrygia, Turkey. During these interdisciplinary campaigns, together with William Tabbernee of Tulsa, numerous unknown ancient settlements were discovered and archaeologically documented. Two of them are the best candidates so far in the search for the identification of the two holy centers of ancient Montanism, Pepuza and Tymion. Scholars had searched for these lost sites since the 19th century.
Historians such as W. Weiss, T. Gnoli, S. Destephen, M. Ritter, C. M. Robeck, T. D. Barnes, M. Mazza, and the classical historian and epigrapher Stephen Mitchell (2023) affirm that Lampe and his team can "claim credit for identifying the location of the Montanist centres Pepuza and Tymion".
The archaeological site at Şükraniye (Karahallı area) that Peter Lampe identified as Tymion was already settled in late Bronze and early Iron Ages. It flourished in Roman and Byzantine times as a rural town in which predominantly tenant farmers lived. They worked on an imperial estate and were often oppressed by travelling magistrates or imperial slaves. In a petition, the farmers asked for help from the emperor. The emperor Septimius Severus wrote back that his procurator would support the farmers. The imperial rescript is preserved on an inscription.

## Literature

* William Tabbernee/Peter Lampe, Pepouza and Tymion: The Discovery and Archaeological Exploration of a Lost Ancient City and an Imperial Estate (deGruyter: Berlin/New York, 2008) ISBN 978-3-11-019455-5 und ISBN 978-3-11-020859-7
* Peter Lampe, Die montanistischen Tymion und Pepouza im Lichte der neuen Tymioninschrift, in: Zeitschrift für Antikes Christentum 8 (2004) 498-512