OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Telecommunications in Puerto Rico

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] Telecommunications in Puerto Rico includes radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
Broadcasting in Puerto Rico is regulated by the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC).

## History

Telegraph service was inaugurated in 1869, responding to an 1864 order by Spanish Governor Felix Maria Mesian. By 1872, the entire island had telegraph service as well as international connections to the rest of the Caribbean and Europe.
The Puerto Rico Communications Authority (La Autoridad de Comunicaciones de Puerto Rico) was created with Law No. 212, on May 12, 1942. Five years later, the department was located at 1314 Juan Ponce de León Avenue in Santurce.

## Radio

* Stations: 140 radio stations (as of January 2015).

## Television

WIPR-TV ("Wonderful Island of Puerto Rico") was inaugurated on January 26, 1949.
* Stations: more than 30 TV stations operating; three stations of the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service; cable TV subscription services are available (2007).
* Television sets: 1.0 million sets (1997).

## Telephones

* Calling code-area codes: +1-787, +1-939
* International call prefix: 00
* Main lines: 780,200 lines in use, 87th in the world (2012).
* Mobile cellular: 3.1 million lines, 130th in the world (2012).
* System: modern digital system integrated with that of the United States (2011).
* Satellite earth stations: Intelsat with high-speed data capability (2011).
* Communications cables: provide connectivity to the US, Caribbean, Central and South America (2011).

## Internet

Hurricane Maria destroyed the internet systems in Puerto Rico in September 2017. Then in 2019, the US Federal Communications Commission stated $950 million had been approved for the rebuilding and strengthening of Puerto Rico's and the Virgin Island's internet infrastructure.
* Top-level domain: .pr
* Internet users: 1.9 million users, 92nd in the world; 51.4% of the population, 83rd in the world (2012).
* Fixed broadband: available to 65% of Puerto Ricans (2012).
* Wireless broadband: available to 98.7% of Puerto Ricans (2012).
* Available broadband technologies as a percentage of population: 48.2% DSL, 0.1% Fiber, 59.6% cable, 84.7% wireless (2012).
* Internet hosts: 469 hosts, 184th in the world (2012).
* IPv4: 1 million addresses allocated, less than 0.05% of the world total, 250.2 addresses per 1000 people (2012).
* Internet Service Providers: 19 ISPs (1999).
# Mawene Hiroti

Mawene Hiroti (born 6 March 1999) is a New Zealand rugby league footballer who plays as a centre or winger for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks In the NRL.
He previously played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs in the National Rugby League.

## Background

Hiroti was born in Taranaki, New Zealand.

## Playing career
### 2016

Educated at Matraville Sports High School he represented the 2016 Australian Schoolboys and the New Zealand Under 18s.

### 2018

He played for South Sydney in their pre-season 18–8 victory over Super League team, the Wigan Warriors.
Hiroti made his first-grade debut for South Sydney in Round 23 2018 against Brisbane at Suncorp Stadium which ended in a 38–18 loss. Hiroti spent the majority of the season playing for South Sydney's feeder club side North Sydney in the Intrust Super Premiership NSW. At the end of 2018, Hiroti was named as North Sydney's most improved player.

### 2019

On 29 September 2019, Hiroti was named in the 2019 Canterbury Cup NSW team of the year.

### 2020

Signing with Cronulla-Sutherland prior to the 2020 season, Hiroti spent the majority of the season training with the clubs' feeder side Newtown before the reserve grade season was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. He made two appearances with the top-flight squad in 2020.

### 2021

After both of Cronulla's usual wingers were struck with injury, Hiroti took a bigger role with the NRL side to open the 2021 NRL season, managing six appearances through the first eight rounds, managing four tries.
On 2 September, Hiroti signed a one-year extension to remain at Cronulla for the 2022 season. Hiroti played 15 games for Cronulla in the 2021 NRL season which saw the club narrowly miss the finals by finishing 9th on the table.

### 2022 & 2023

Hiroti made only two appearances for Cronulla in the 2022 NRL season. In the 2023 NRL season, Hiroti made just one appearance for Cronulla where he scored a try in the clubs round 23 victory over South Sydney.

### 2024

On 29 September, Hiroti played for Newtown in their 2024 NSW Cup Grand Final victory over North Sydney. Subsequently, he signed a one-year extension with Cronulla Sharks.

## Statistics
### NRL

| Season | Team | Matches | T | G | GK % | F/G | Pts |
| 2018 | South Sydney | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 |
| 2019 | South Sydney | 4 | 1 | 0 | — | 0 | 4 |
| 2020 | Cronulla-Sutherland | 2 | 1 | 4/5 | 80.00% | 0 | 12 |
| 2021 | Cronulla-Sutherland | 14 | 5 | 0 | — | 0 | 20 |
| 2022 | Cronulla-Sutherland | 2 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 |
| 2023 | Cronulla-Sutherland | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| 2024 | Cronulla-Sutherland | 1 | 1 | | | | 4 |
| Career totals | Career totals | 25 | 9 | 4/5 | 80.00% | 0 | 44 |
# Ulu (disambiguation)

An ulu is an Inuit cutting knife.
Ulu may also refer to:

## People

* Sue Ulu (born 1963), American voice actor
* Ulu Grosbard (born 1929), theater and film director and film producer

## Places

* Ulu (island), Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea
* Ulu, North Khorasan, a village in Iran
* Ulu, Russia, a rural locality (a selo) in the Sakha Republic
* Ulu, South Sudan, close to the Adar oilfield
* Ulu Masen, a tropical rainforest in Aceh, Indonesia
* Ulu Peninsula, Antarctica

## Other uses

* University of London Union
* Uma’ Lasan language (ISO 639-3: ulu), a language of Borneo
* A business founded by Paul Hembery
# La Guajira Terrane

La Guajira Terrane (Spanish: Terreno de La Guajira, TLG) is one of the geological provinces (terranes) of Colombia. The terrane, dating to the Late Cretaceous, is situated on the North Andes Plate and borders the Caribbean, Tahamí and Chibcha Terranes along the Bucaramanga-Santa Marta Fault. The southern boundary is formed by the Oca Fault with the Chibcha Terrane.

## Subdivision
### Complexes
#### Alto Guajira

* Macuira
* Etpana

#### Macuira Tahamí Terrane

* Jonjoncito
* Ipapure
* Ipapure-Cerro La Teta

#### Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta

* Taganga (Taganga)
* Rodadero
* Gaira (Gaira)
* Ciénaga
* Santa Marta Batholith
* Bolívar Batholith
* Socorro Stock
* Latal Pluton
* Los Clavos
* Río Sevilla
* San Lorenzo
* San Pedro de la Sierra
* Buritacá
* Río Oríhueca
* Los Mangos - basement

### Ranges

* Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
* Macuira

### Basins

* La Guajira

### Faults

bounding faults in bold
* Bucaramanga-Santa Marta (BSF)
* Oca
* Cuisa

## Gallery

* North Andes Plate
* Seismic activity map
* Geologic map (Codazzi, 1890)
* Paleogeography of the Late Cretaceous (Blakey)
# Jack A. Brown

Jack A. Brown (May 2, 1929 – October 28, 2015) was an American rancher and politician.
Born in St. Johns, Arizona, Brown received his bachelor's degree in agriculture and economics from Brigham Young University. Brown participated in the real estate business. Brown served in the Arizona House of Representatives from 1963–1974, 1987–1996 and from 2004–2010. He also served in the Arizona State Senate from 1999 to 2004 and was a Democrat.
Brown was an active member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He served as a missionary for the Church in Brazil from 1948–1951. He also served as a bishop over a ward of the Church.
# John Wilson Ross

John Wilson Ross (November 1863 – June 30, 1945) was a justice of the Supreme Court of Arizona from November 13, 1918 to January 6, 1919. At 8 weeks, Ross served the shortest tenure in the court's history while his brother, Henry D. Ross, served the longest.
Ross was appointed by Governor George W. P. Hunt to replace outgoing Justice Alfred Franklin, who'd been defeated in the 1918 primary by Albert C. Baker. Franklin resigned before the end of his term to take a position as Collector of Internal Revenue for the Arizona–New Mexico District.
Ross later served in the 9th Arizona State Legislature, representing Cochise County.
# Billy Davis (Arizona politician)

Billy Wayne Davis, sometimes known as Bill Davis, is a land developer and former state senator for the Arizona Senate in the United States.

## Early life

Billy Davis was born in Athens, Alabama, on May 7, 1945.
He is of Welsh, English, Irish, and Cherokee descent on his father's side and his mother's ancestors were from Switzerland.
Billy grew up and went to school in Chattanooga, Tennessee.
His father died when he was eleven years old.
Billy Davis married Billie J. Johnson on May 4, 1963, in Chattanooga, Tennessee. They have three grown children and live in Kennesaw, Georgia.

## Military career

Davis served four years in the Navy and two years in the Navy Reserves from 1963 to 1969, two of which were in Vietnam. Davis earned the National Defense Service Medal, The Vietnam Campaign Medal with Device (1960–), The Vietnam Service Medal (with two Bronze Stars) and the Navy Unit Commendation Ribbon and Letters of Commendations.

## Political career

Davis served two terms in the Arizona State Senate from January 3, 1983, through January 6, 1987, for the 19th district in Phoenix, Arizona.
In 1986, he was censured by the Senate Ethics Committee for failing to disclose his finances and poor judgment in his business practices.
He ran as a Congressional candidate in Georgia in 2016, during which time an investigation by FOX 5 found that he had been convicted of having lied on a 1997 loan application, for which he was incarcerated; had bankruptcies; and had a $782,560 judgment from a civil suit.

## Gallery

* Senator Billy Davis
* Davis Second Election Brochure with Rep Jan Brewer and Nancy Wessel
# Nowabad Rural District

Nowabad Rural District (Persian: دهستان نوآباد) is in Arvandkenar District of Abadan County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Abtar. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Alam (علم).

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 174 in 39 households. There were 148 inhabitants in 41 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 129 in 40 households. The most populous of its 18 villages was Nahr-e Hajji Mohammad, with 56 people.
# Toni Hellon

Toni Hellon (born September 14, 1946) was a member of the Arizona State Senate from January 2001 until January 2007. Prior to running for the Senate, Hellon held several government positions in Pima Countyduring the 1990s, including Chief Deputy Clerk and Chief Deputy Recorder.
She was first elected to the House in November 2000, representing District 12.$^{:viii–ix}$ After redistricting in 2002, she won re-election to the Senate in District 26.$^{:viii–ix}$ Hellon won re-election again in 2004,$^{:ix}$ but during her re-election bid for the November 2006 election, she was defeated in the Republican primary by Al Melvin, who lost a very close race in the general election to Charlene Pesquiera.
In 2013, she was appointed by Governor Jan Brewer to the position of Pima County Superior Court Clerk. She lost her election bid to return to the position in 2018.
# Bob Burns (Arizona politician)

Robert Burns (born May 26, 1938) is a politician from Arizona. He is a former member of the Arizona Corporation Commission. Prior to that, he served in the Arizona State Senate, where in his final term, he was also elected as the President of the Senate. Before that he served six terms in the Arizona House of Representatives.

## Career

Robert Burns was a member of the Arizona House of Representatives and the Arizona State Senate. He was elected to the House in 1988,$^{:viii–ix}$ and serve in that body from January 1989 through January 2001, winning re-election five times.$^{:viii–ix}$$^{:viii–ix}$$^{:viii–ix}$$^{:viii–ix}$$^{:viii–ix}$ He did not run in the November 2010 election. In the 2002 election he ran for the Senate in District 9, which was new due to redistricting, and won.$^{:vii}$ He won re-election to the seat three times and served in the Senate from January 2003 through January 2011.$^{:vii}$$^{:vii}$ During his last term in the Senate he was also elected as the President of the Senate.$^{:vii}$ Due to Arizona's term limits, he was unable to run again for the Senate in the November 2010 election. In 2012 he ran for the Arizona Corporation Commission, and won. He won re-election to the Commission in the 2016, and is an incumbent on the Commission.
Burns played a key role in the development of the Arizona Telemedicine Council, initiating the legislation that created it, and serving as the first co-chairman of the council.
# Bedourie oven

The Bedourie oven is an Australian adaptation of the camp oven (Dutch oven). Drovers working on Bedourie Station, in western Queensland, found that the heavy cast iron camp ovens they used for cooking would often break as a result of falling from their pack horses. The Bedourie oven was developed in response to this problem. Formed from mild steel, it is lighter and less brittle than cast iron, and will not break if dropped.
# Oakshela

Oakshela is a hamlet in Saskatchewan, Canada. It was founded in the late 19th century by farmers and quickly became a flourishing small town. It once housed a post office, three stores, a school, a church and several families both within town and just outside town.
It also had a cemetery, which is still used to this date. Oakshela is located approximately 124 km east of Regina just off the #1 Highway, about 25 km south of the Qu'Appelle Valley. Oakshela is no longer the town it once was, in fact, it only qualifies as a hamlet now, though its church still stands, unused, as a marker of what used to exist in this small community.
As recently as 1956, it supported two stores, two gas stations and two grain elevators with approximately 50 residents. As of 2009, all of these were gone, the church abandoned and boarded up with about eight homes but no services. A short video is posted on "Youtube" showing the remains of Oakshela in 2009.....sub nom "The Demise of Small Town Saskatchewan".
# 2009–10 Slovak First League

The 2009–10 Slovak First League season was the 17th edition of the Slovak First League (also known as 1. liga) annual football tournament. It began in late July 2009 and ended in May 2010.

## Team changes from 2008–09

* Promoted in Corgoň Liga: ↑Senica×↑
* Relegated from Corgoň Liga: ↓Zlaté Moravce↓
* Promoted in 1. liga: ↑Púchov↑, ↑Dolný Kubín↑, ↑Liptovský Mikuláš↑
* Relegated from 1. liga: ↓Humenné↓, ↓Košice ↓, ↓Dunajská Streda ↓
× - Senica merged with Inter Bratislava

### Stadia and locations
## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | FC ViOn Zlaté Moravce (C, P) | 27 | 18 | 5 | 4 | 54 | 21 | +33 | 59 | Promotion to Corgoň Liga |
| 2 | FK AS Trenčín | 27 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 53 | 21 | +32 | 50 | |
| 3 | FK Púchov | 27 | 15 | 5 | 7 | 38 | 31 | +7 | 50 | |
| 4 | FK LAFC Lučenec | 27 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 36 | 28 | +8 | 38 | |
| 5 | MFK Dolný Kubín | 27 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 39 | 31 | +8 | 37 | |
| 6 | MFK Zemplín Michalovce | 27 | 8 | 6 | 13 | 23 | 33 | −10 | 30 | |
| 7 | MFK Ružomberok B | 27 | 8 | 5 | 14 | 23 | 45 | −22 | 29 | |
| 8 | Rimavská Sobota | 27 | 7 | 7 | 13 | 21 | 36 | −15 | 28 | |
| 9 | MFK Tatran Liptovský Mikuláš | 27 | 7 | 5 | 15 | 27 | 42 | −15 | 26 | |
| 10 | FK Slovan Duslo Šaľa | 27 | 4 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 41 | −26 | 23 | |
| 11 | FK Mesto Prievidza (R) | 19 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 13 | 26 | −13 | 18 | Relegation to 2. liga |
| 12 | ŽP ŠPORT Podbrezová (R) | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 7 | Relegation to 2. liga |
* 1 2 Withdrew from league

## Top goalscorers

| Rank | Player | Club | Goals |
| 1 | Karol Pavelka | Zlaté Moravce | 16 |
| 2 | Peter Kuračka | Zlaté Moravce | 13 |
| 3 | Patrik Čarnota | Dolný Kubín | 11 |
| 4 | Ruslan Lyubarskyi | Michalovce | 9 |
| 5 | Martin Luhový | Púchov | 8 |
| 6 | Dušan Sninský | Michalovce | 7 |
| 6 | Jorge Salinas | Trenčín | 7 |
| 6 | Filip Hlohovský | Trenčín | 7 |
# Oded Brandwein

Oded David Brandwein (Hebrew: עודד דוד ברנדווין; born 15 February 1988) is an Israeli-Polish professional basketball player who last played for Bnei Herzliya in the Israeli Basketball Premier League.

## Early life

Brandwein was born in Petah Tikva, he played for Bnei Hasharon youth team. Brandwein also played for HaYovel, Herzliya high school team and led them to the state finals in 2006.

## Professional career
### Early years (2006–2011)

In 2006, Brandwein started his professional career with Bnei Hasharon.
On January 21, 2010, Brandwein signed with Hapoel Afula for the rest of the season.

### Poland (2011–2014)

On September 11, 2011, Brandwein signed with the Polish team Kotwica Kołobrzeg for the 2011–12 season. Brandwein played 37 games for Kotwica and averaged 12.1 points and 4 assists per game.
On June 26, 2012, Brandwein signed with Czarni Słupsk for the 2012–13 season. On December 23, 2012, Brandwein recorded a career-high 31 points, shooting 8-of-13 from the field, along with seven assists in a 94–104 loss to Turów Zgorzelec. Brandwein helped Słupsk reach the 2013 Polish League Playoffs as the sixth seed, but they eventually were eliminated by Zielona Góra in the Quarterfinals.
On July 29, 2013, Brandwein signed with AZS Koszalin for the 2013–14 season.

### Return to Israel (2014–present)

On May 9, 2014, Brandwein signed a two-year deal with the Belgian team Leuven Bears. However, Two months later, Brandwein parted ways with Leuven due to financial struggles of the team and signed a one-year deal with Hapoel Gilboa Galil.

#### Ironi Nahariya

On August 2, 2015, Brandwein signed with Ironi Nahariya for the 2015–16 season.

#### Hapoel Tel Aviv

On September 11, 2016, Brandwein signed a two-month contract with Hapoel Tel Aviv as an injury cover for Raviv Limonad. On January 10, 2017, Brandwein returned to Hapoel Tel Aviv, signing a one-month contract.

#### Maccabi Rishon

On March 5, 2017, Brandwein signed with Maccabi Rishon LeZion for the rest of the season. Brandwein helped Rishon LeZion reach the 2017 Israeli League Final Four, where they eventually lost to Hapoel Jerusalem.
On July 9, 2017, Brandwein signed a two-year contract extension with Rishon LeZion. However, on March 28, 2018, Brandwein parted ways with Rishon LeZion to join Maccabi Haifa for the rest of the season as a replacement for Guni Israeli.

#### Ironi Nes Ziona

On July 30, 2018, Brandwein signed with Ironi Nes Ziona for the 2018–19 season. In 13 FIBA Europe Cup games played for Nes Ziona, he averaged 8 points and 3.2 assists per game.

#### Maccabi Ashdod

On July 30, 2019, Brandwein signed a one-year deal with Maccabi Ashdod. He averaged 4.9 points and 1.7 assists per game. On September 6, 2020, Brandwein signed with Hapoel Holon.

#### Maccabi Tel Aviv

On September 16, Brandwein played a pre-season game with Maccabi Tel Aviv B.C., and was later signed a 3–month contract with the team.

## Israel national team

Brandwein was a member of the Israeli Under-18 and Under-20 national teams.

## Personal life

Brandwein also holds a Polish passport.
# Joe Stell

Joe M Stell, Jr. (June 15, 1928 - October 30, 2020) was an American politician who was a Democratic member of the New Mexico House of Representatives from 1984 to 2007. Stell attended Southern Methodist University, Western New Mexico University and the University of New Mexico. He is a former teacher, principal and rancher.
# Joseph Fidel

Joseph A. Fidel (October 14, 1923 – May 13, 2015) was an American politician and businessman who served as a member of the New Mexico State Senate from 1973 to 2006.

## Early life

Fidel was born in Bibo, New Mexico, the son of a Lebanese immigrant, Abdoo Habeeb Fadel (later Anglicized as A.H. Fidel).

## Career

Fidel was the owner of a realty company. In 2009, the Cibola Beacon named Fidel as Person of the Decade. Fidel served as assessor of Valencia County, New Mexico. He also served on the Grants, New Mexico city council and the school board. Fidel served as a member of the New Mexico Senate from 1973 to 2006.

## Death

Fidel died in Grants, New Mexico at the age of 91.
# Raymond Kysar

Raymond Lynn Kysar, Jr. (born February 15, 1931) was an American politician who was a Republican member of the New Mexico State Senate from 1989 to 2005. He attended New Mexico State University and worked in the construction, insurance, ranching, and real estate industries. He was inducted into the New Mexico State University College of Business Hall of Fame in 1999.
# Crimean legends

The interest in Crimean legends started at the end of the 19th century. The legends were published with a purpose of attraction of attracting tourism. Field work and publications of Crimean folklore were mostly done by non-professional folklorists. Therefore, it often happens that principles of classification of collected material are not known, and national origins of legends are not differentiated either.

## History

Legends specifically of the Crimean Tatars were published in 1937, others are attributed to Greek, Armenian, and Crimean Karaites. Most legends were collected in their original language, and were translated into Russian for publication. The nature of legend texts was influenced by translators/collectors’ professions and their cultural environment.
The most scientific approach for collecting legends was shown in the 1920s and 1930s, when scientific expeditions were supported by Communist party, which had just come to power and started to support cultural development of national minorities. However, after Stalin's repressions and deportation of Crimean Tatars, folklore became a subject for editing according to ideological demands of that time. It made the Soviet-era treatment of folklore a specific phenomenon in its own right, which is worthy of separate research.
When the Soviet Union collapsed, Crimean legends continued to be published commercially. Apart from such publications for the popular market, national societies also took to publishing collections of legends.
# Jugular foramen

A jugular foramen is one of the two (left and right) large foramina (openings) in the base of the skull, located behind the carotid canal. It is formed by the temporal bone and the occipital bone. It allows many structures to pass, including the inferior petrosal sinus, three cranial nerves, the sigmoid sinus, and meningeal arteries.

## Structure

The jugular foramen is formed in front by the petrous portion of the temporal bone, and behind by the occipital bone. It is generally slightly larger on the right side than on the left side.

### Contents

The jugular foramen may be subdivided into three compartments, each with their own contents.
* The anterior compartment transmits the inferior petrosal sinus.
* The intermediate compartment transmits the glossopharyngeal nerve, the vagus nerve, and the accessory nerve.
* The posterior compartment transmits the sigmoid sinus (becoming the internal jugular vein), and some meningeal branches from the occipital artery and ascending pharyngeal artery.
An alternative imaging based subclassification exists, delineated by the jugular spine which is a bony ridge partially separating the jugular foramen into two parts:
* The smaller, anteromedial, "pars nervosa" compartment contains CN IX, (tympanic nerve, a branch of CN IX), and receives the venous return from inferior petrosal sinus.
* The larger, posterolateral, "pars vascularis" compartment contains CN X, CN XI, Arnold's nerve (or the auricular branch of CN X involved in the Arnold's reflex, where external auditory meatus stimulation causes cough), jugular bulb, and posterior meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery.

## Clinical significance

Obstruction of the jugular foramen can result in jugular foramen syndrome.

## Additional images

* Jugular foramen
* Base of the skull. Upper surface.