OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vikram Singh (air marshal)

Vikram Singh, AVSM, VSM is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force. He served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C), South Western Air Command. He took over the office on 1 October 2021, following the appointment of Air Marshal Sandeep Singh as the Vice Chief of the Air Staff.

## Career

Vikram Singh was commissioned as a fighter pilot in the Indian Air Force on December 21, 1984. He has flying experience on MiG-21 and Mirage 2000.
Vikram Singh undertook the Flying Instructor's Course, Experimental Flight Test Course and Staff Course at Pretoria, South Africa. He has performed Flight Test duties at the National Flight Test Centre at Aeronautic Development Agency. He had commanded an Air Force Station and served as the Air Attaché at Moscow, Russia.
He has also served at the Integrated Defence Staff Headquarters and was Assistant Chief of the Air Staff (Plans) at Air Headquarters. Previous to his present assignment, he had served as Senior Air Staff Officer for the Western Air Command from 1 October 2020 to 30 September 2021.

## Honours and decorations

Singh has been awarded the Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM) in 2009 and the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2022.
| Ati Vishisht Seva Medal | Vishisht Seva Medal | Samanya Seva Medal | Special Service Medal |
| Sainya Seva Medal | High Altitude Medal | Videsh Seva Medal | 75th Independence Anniversary Medal |
| 50th Independence Anniversary Medal | 30 Years Long Service Medal | 20 Years Long Service Medal | 9 Years Long Service Medal |

## Personal life

He is the son of Air Marshal Prithi Singh who served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Air Command.
Singh is married to Arathi Singh who is President of Air Force Wives Welfare Association (Regional). The couple has children.
# Renierite

Renierite is a rare copper zinc germanium bearing sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Cu,Zn)$_{11}$(Ge,As)$_2$Fe$_4$S$_{16}$. It occurs at the Kipushi Mine, Democratic Republic of the Congo; and Namibia, among other places.
Renierite was named after Armand Renier (26 June 1876 – 9 October 1951), a Belgian geologist and director of the Belgian Geological Survey.
# Stephanie Bidmead

Stephanie Bidmead (29 January 1929 – 22 September 1974) was a British stage and television actress.

## Early life

She was born in Kidderminster. She attended Kidderminster High School for Girls, a girls' grammar school. In 1977 it became part of King Charles I School.

## Career

She was a member of the Royal Shakespeare Company in the late 1950s, and played in Peter Brook's 1957 production of The Tempest, and in 1959 played opposite Charles Laughton in King Lear and A Midsummer Night's Dream.
She began to work in television during the 1960s, with credits in Doctor Who, the final episode of Maigret and Adam Adamant Lives!. In the Doctor Who serial Galaxy 4 she played the Drahvin leader Maaga.
In 1972 she played the lead role of Queen Elizabeth I in Robert Bolt's play Vivat! Vivat Regina! in the Birmingham Rep production.

## Personal life

She had two sons with Moravian theatre designer Henry Bardon. She was diagnosed with anterior horn cell myelitis and died on 22 September 1974 at the age of 45.

## Filmography
### Film

* 1965: Invasion – Elaine
* 1972: Running Scared – Mrs. Case

### Television

* 1960: An Age of Kings (Episode: "Henry V") – Queen of France
* 1963: Jane Eyre – Leah
* 1963: Maigret – Maigret's Little Joke – Antoinette Videl
* 1964: R3 (Episode: ""On the Spike") – Doris Haley
* 1964: Crane (Episode: "Knife in the Dark") – Annette Brillon
* 1964: Coronation Street – Lily Haddon
* 1965: The Mask of Janus (Episode: "And the Fish Are Biting") – Sylvie
* 1965: Doctor Who (Episode: "Galaxy 4") – Maaga
* 1965: Sherlock Holmes (Episode: "Charles Augustus Milverton") – Lady Farmingham
* 1966: Adam Adamant Lives! (Episode: "Death Has a Thousand Faces") – Madame Delvario
* 1968: The Devil in the Fog – Lady Dexter
* 1971: Public Eye (Episode: "Ward of Court") – Ruth
* 1971: Doomwatch (Episode: "The Web of Fear") – Janine
* 1973: The Onedin Line (Episode: "Law of the Fist") – Mrs Darling
* 1973: Bedtime Stories (Episode: "Jack and the Beanstalk") – Linda Weir (final appearance)
# HMS Mary Galley (1744)

HMS Mary Galley was a 44-gun fifth rate frigate of the Royal Navy, built in 1744 for service in the War of the Austrian Succession against France, Prussia and Spain. After two years assigned to patrol duties in the English Channel she was sent to the Caribbean to protect British commercial interests from pirate attacks. At the conclusion of the War she was returned to England in need of repair, but was instead left docked at Plymouth until 1764 when she was sunk as part of a breakwater for the port.

## Naval service

Mary Galley was initially commissioned under Captain Piercy Brett, but command was transferred to Captain William Dandridge before the ship was put to sea. Dandridge died on 27 August, and command passed to Robert Swanton. Under Swanton, Mary Galley undertook an extensive voyage of patrol along the Bristol Channel, the Downs and into the North Sea. In March 1746 she underwent minor repairs at Sheerness dockyard at a cost of £984.
The ship returned to sea in April 1746 and was assigned to Atlantic service off west Africa, and then to the Leeward Islands from 1747 to 1748. Returning to Plymouth Dockyard in 1749, she was surveyed for damage but not repaired and was left largely abandoned in port. In March 1764 she was offered for sale as a simple "hull ... fitted with two chain pumps and ten capstan bars." There being no purchasers the vessel was instead decommissioned and sunk as part of a breakwater in Plymouth harbour on 20 April 1764.
# Anna Stanley

Anna Catherine Stanley MNZM (née Rowberry, born 31 March 1976 in Christchurch, New Zealand) is a New Zealand netballer, who captained the national team (the Silver Ferns), to win the 2003 Netball World Championships in Jamaica.
She led the Silver Ferns to a drought-breaking series win over Australia (the first since 1989) in the winter of 2004, and played for the Auckland Diamonds in the National Bank Cup national league in 2004 and 2005.

## Early life

The daughter of a former New Zealand player, Stanley had not played senior provincial netball when she was sent to her international debut against Jamaica in 1994. Her career dipped to its lowest point when sidelined by selectors for 18 months, but she was recalled in 2002.
Stanley is renowned in netball circles as an outstanding athlete and for her speed through court and trademark bullet pass.

## Career

Stanley represented Otago, Canterbury and Auckland in New Zealand's top netball league. In 2004, she suffered a knee injury during the Silver Ferns' clean sweep series win over arch-rivals Australia. In 2005, after several months of rehabilitation, she returned to the court for the Auckland Diamonds. She returned to the Silver Ferns in October of that year, and was a member of the Commonwealth Games gold medal-winning team of March 2006.
Only a few weeks into the 2006 National Bank Cup season, she announced that she was pregnant and would be retiring from netball to concentrate on her family life, thus ending a fluctuating but successful career on the court. Stanley was named in the Waikato-Bay of Plenty Magic squad in New Zealand's top netball league in 2007, however she did not play this season for the team in the league.
Instead Stanley devoted time to motherhood, and in 2007 became an Ambassador for Rett New Zealand, an organisation to assist children and their families that suffer from Rett syndrome. In 2008 with the start of the ANZ Championship, Stanley has been a television presenter and netball commentator with Sky Sports. She also co-hosts the weekly netball magazine style show On Court with Kathryn Harby-Williams and Tania Dalton. She finished her international career with 91 caps.

## Personal life

Stanley is married to medical surgeon and former Auckland and All Black rugby union player, Jeremy Stanley. They have a daughter, Jaya and a son, Nico and on 20 January 2011, eight days after their baby's due date, they became parents to Zac, who weighed in at 8 pounds 2 ounces (3.7 kg). While pregnant with their first child, Jaya, Stanley and her husband relocated from her Mount Maunganui base to Whangarei.

## Honours

Anna Stanley was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to netball in the 2004 New Year Honours.
# Kerala Brethren

The Kerala Brethren are a subset of the Open Brethren movement. In the South Indian State of Kerala, four Syrian Christian (Nasrani) men who came from traditional churches were baptised in 1898.

## History

Many Indian Christians believe that the Apostle Thomas brought the Christian message to India in 52AD. In the words of an Indian hymn, "...It was his mission to espouse India to the One-Begotten...." Some Indian Brethren disclaim their missionary origins, instead making a case for historical continuity with the First-Century converts of the Apostle Thomas, claiming that for several centuries Christians on the Malabar coast (modern Kerala) followed what Brethren believe to have been the New Testament model of church organisation and worship, with no clergy, and that clericalism began to creep in only after 345 AD, when seventy-two families belonging to seven Jewish clans followed Thomas of Cana from Iraq to Kodungalloor, which is now in Kerala. Thomas of Cana, they claim, brought in bishops and deacons, changing the practices of the Kerala Christians. This interpretation of history is not widely shared by non-Brethren Christians, however.
The modern Brethren movement was introduced into India in 1833 by Anthony Norris Groves, a dentist turned missionary who was one of the original Plymouth Brethren pioneers in Ireland. The Brethren movement began to take root in Kerala when Mathai Upadeshi, who had been an (Anglican) CMS evangelist from Tirunelveli, arrived in 1872. Another early preacher was Justhus Joseph, also known as Vidwankutty, a Tamil Brahmin and also a CMS priest like Mathai Upadeshi. He arrived in Kerala in 1875, but his ministry declined after the failure of his prediction that Jesus Christ would return in 1881.
A second wave of growth among the Kerala Brethren started in 1894 with the arrival of V.D. David, better known in Kerala as Tamil David, and L.M. Wordsmith, the latter an Indian Tamil from Colombo, Sri Lanka. They were joined by Herbert Handley Bird, who established assemblies in Northern Kerala. They were helped by Baptist preacher and Keswick Convention speaker J.G. Gregson, who visited Kerala in 1896. Although a Baptist, he was sympathetic to Brethren viewpoints and helped to found the first Brethren assembly in Travancore, central Kerala. He also preached in Ayroor, near Kumbanad, paving the way for German missionary Volbrecht Nagel to conduct the first Brethren "meeting" (as they usually call their services) there on 19 March 1899.
# Augustus O. Bourn

Augustus Osborn Bourn (October 1, 1834 – January 29, 1925) was an American politician and the 36th Governor of Rhode Island.

## Early life

Bourn was born in Providence, Rhode Island, on October 1, 1834. He was the son of George O. Bourn and Huldah B. (Eddy) Bourn and married Elizabeth R. Morrill February 24, 1863. He and his wife had five children. He graduated from Brown University and later established a successful career in rubber business, where he started in his father's company. He continued the business after his father's death and incorporated it as the Providence Rubber Company. He also founded the National Rubber Company, which later merged with the former company.

## Military service

During the Civil War, Bourne enlisted in the Rhode Island Militia but did not see active service with the Union Army. On April 18, 1864, he was elected as paymaster, with rank of 2nd lieutenant, in the Providence Horse Guards (PHG). On April 17, 1865, he was commissioned a first lieutenant in Company A of the PHG. On April 20, 1868, he was elected as captain of Company A and two years later he became captain of Company B. In 1871 he returned his previous position as captain of Company A.
On April 20, 1874, he was commissioned as major of the PHG. On May 13, 1878, he was commissioned as lieutenant colonel in command of the 1st Squadron of Cavalry. He held that position until he took office as Governor of Rhode Island in 1883.

## Political career

Bourn was a Republican and was member of the Rhode Island State Senate in 1876–83 and again in 1886–88. He held the governor's office from May 29, 1883, to May 26, 1885. During his administration, a constitutional amendment was proposed to extend suffrage to naturalized citizens. He was the author of this amendment. Later this constitutional amendment became well known as the Bourn Amendment.
Bourn was an active member of the Freemasons.

## Later years

In 1873, Bourn built an opulent Gothic revival mansion in Bristol named Seven Oaks. The mansion was designed by James Renwick, best known for designing the Smithsonian Castle and St. Patrick's Cathedral, and is located at 136 Hope Street near the Herreshoff boat yard.
Bourn was United States Consul General in Rome from 1889 until 1893 under the administration of President Benjamin Harrison.
In 1897 he was elected as a compatriot of the Rhode Island Society of the Sons of the American Revolution.
Governor Bourn died on January 29, 1925 and was buried at Swan Point Cemetery in Providence.

## Sources

* United States portal
* New England portal
* Rhode Island portal
* Biography portal
* Sobel, Robert and John Raimo. Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States, 1789–1978. Greenwood Press, 1988. ISBN 0-313-28093-2
* Biography of Governor Bourn
# Peter Davis Oakey

Peter Davis Oakey (February 25, 1861 – November 18, 1920), usually called P. Davis Oakey, was a businessman and government official from Connecticut. A Republican, he was most notable for his service in the United States House of Representatives from 1915 to 1917.

## Early life

Oakey was born in East Millstone, New Jersey on February 25, 1861, the son of Sareh E. (Wilson) Oakey and John L. Oakey. His father was a successful farmer and merchant who was prominent in local politics and government, including serving as a member of the New Jersey General Assembly. Oakey attended the public schools and high school of Millstone.

## Start of career

After completing his education, Oakey joined his father in the milling business, then operated a farm his father owned in Maryland.$^{:16}$ He moved to Hartford, Connecticut in 1886, where he managed first the Mapes Fertilizer Company, then the Hartford Lavine Company, a soap manufacturer.$^{:16}$ From 1891 to 1895, he was a reporter for the Hartford Courant.$^{:16}$
He served as member of the city council in 1891–1894, and city alderman and collector of city taxes in 1894 and 1895. He was a member of the Connecticut National Guard from 1895 to 1901, and served as city assessor from 1900 to 1915. Oakey was active in Hartford's civic and fraternal life, and his memberships included the Freemasons, Templars, Shriners, Knights of Pythias, and Ancient Society of Foresters.$^{:16}$ In 1911, Oakey married Ada H. Chapin, the widow of William Henry Garde.$^{:17}$

## U.S. House

Oakey was elected as a Republican to the Sixty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1917). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1916 to the Sixty-fifth Congress.

## Death and burial

He died in New Haven, Connecticut on November 18, 1920. He was interred in Cedar Hill Cemetery in Hartford.
# Stephen R. Fitzgarrald

Stephen R. Fitzgarrald (December 25, 1854 – June 2, 1926) was the 17th Lieutenant Governor of Colorado, serving from 1909 to 1915 serving under Governors John F. Shafroth and Elias M. Ammons as a member of the Democratic party.

## Early life

Stephan and his father George Fitzgarrald came to Colorado prospecting in 1878. During a brief period of mining in Leadville he developed an interest in law, shortly after which he returned to Iowa to study law.

## Political career

In 1881, he settled permanently in Colorado. First living in Ophir, he moved to Telluride in 1883. On March 22, 1885, Stephan married Letha L. McConnell. In 1915, he moved again to the Silverton-Ouray district and later to Denver. Fitzgarrald served as City, County, and Deputy District Attorney. Stephan was a member of the Colorado House of Representatives between the years of 1893 and 1895.
Stephen sponsored legislation of benefit to people of Colorado, dealing with deed of trust sales, attachment suits, and excessive tax penalties.
# Ground motion

Ground motion is the movement of the Earth’s surface from earthquakes or explosions. Ground motion is produced by seismic waves that are generated by sudden slip on a fault or sudden pressure at the explosive source and travel through the Earth and along its surface. This can be due to natural events, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, or human activities, such as the detonation of nuclear weapons. There are two main types of seismic waves: body waves and surface waves. Body waves travel through the interior of the Earth, while surface waves travel along the Earth's surface. Ground motion is typically caused by surface waves, which are the most destructive type of seismic waves.
Ground motion is measured using a seismometer, a device that detects and records the movement of the Earth's surface. Seismometers are used by seismologists to study earthquakes and other types of ground motion. The recordings produced by a seismometer are known as seismograms, and they can be used to study the characteristics of the ground motion, such as its duration, amplitude, and frequency.
Ground motion is typically measured in three components: west-to-east, south-to-north, and vertical. Recordings from multiple seismometers can be combined to form a detailed model of the ground motion. This is known as a seismograph, and it can be used to study the spatial and temporal characteristics of the ground motion. Seismographs can also be used to create maps of the ground motion, which can help scientists understand the distribution and intensity of the seismic waves.
# Zhang Wenbin (vice minister)

Zhang Wenbin (Chinese: 张文彬; March 1919 – 1 January 2013) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and politician. He fought in the Second Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War, and served as Political Commissar of the 57th Division of the People's Liberation Army. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he worked in the oil industry and took leadership positions in oil fields in Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, and Shandong. He served as Vice Minister of the Petroleum Industry from 1965 to 1987.

## Biography

Zhang was born in March 1919 in Dai County, Shanxi, Republic of China. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in August 1937, and fought as a member of the Taiyue Column (太岳纵队) during the Second Sino-Japanese War. In the ensuing Chinese Civil War, he served as Political Commissar of the 54th, 72nd, and 36th regiments of the People's Liberation Army, and later Commissar of the 57th Division of the 19th Army.
After the CCP won the civil war and established the People's Republic of China in 1949, Zhang worked in the petroleum industry and served as General Manager of Xinjiang Petroleum Company. He then took leadership positions at the Daqing Oil Field in Heilongjiang and the Shengli Oil Field in Shandong. From March 1965, he served as Vice Minister of the Petroleum Industry until his retirement in July 1987.
Zhang died in Beijing on 1 January 2013, at the age of 93.
# Quaker Steak & Lube

Quaker Steak & Lube is a casual dining restaurant chain based in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1974, in Sharon, Pennsylvania. The original restaurant was built by George "Jig" Warren III and Gary "Mo" Meszaros in an abandoned gas station in downtown Sharon, and decorated with license plates and old automobiles.

## History

In the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis, amidst a wave of gas stations permanently closing, Jig Warren and Mo Meszaros wanted to preserve the culture of old gas stations and high-powered muscle cars. This idea eventually became a single Quaker Steak & Lube restaurant in Sharon, PA and eventually a chain of casual dining restaurants. The original Quaker Steak & Lube location, opened in 1974, includes a 1936 Chevrolet on the original hydraulic grease rack.
On November 16, 2015, immediately after filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, the company was acquired by TravelCenters of America, who planned to expand the chain, both in its number of truck stops and its number of standalone restaurant locations. JDK Management purchased Quaker Steak & Lube from TravelCenters for $5 million in early 2021.

## Awards

The restaurant has received over 70 awards in various national and regional competitions as of 2023.

## Media

The Pointe at North Fayette location in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was featured in the Travel Channel series Man v. Food. The episode's challenge was to consume six "Atomic" chicken wings, the hottest wings on Quaker Steak's menu at the time. Host Adam Richman completed the challenge in the allotted time and was awarded a commemorative bumper sticker and a place on the restaurant's "Atomic Wall of Flame".