OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Amaury

Amaury (from the Old French Amalric) or Amauri may refer to:

## People
### Surname

* Philippe Amaury (1940–2006), French publishing tycoon

### Given name

* Amaury du Closel (1956–2024), French composer, conductor and writer
* Amaury Duval (1760–1838), French writer
* Amaury Duval (1808–1885), French painter
* Amaury, Count of Valenciennes, 10th-century noble in Hainaut
* Amaury de Montfort (disambiguation), several people, lords of Montfort and counts of Évreux
* Amaury Filion (born 1981), Dominican basketball player
* Amaury Guichon (born 1991), Swiss-French pastry chef
* Amaury Gutiérrez (born 1963), Cuban singer and musician
* Amaury of Jerusalem (Amalric; 1136–1174), king of the Crusader state of Jerusalem
* Amaury Kruel (1901–1996), Brazilian military officer and politician
* Amaury Nolasco (born 1970), Puerto Rican actor
* Amaury Pasos (1935–2024), Brazilian basketball player and coach
* Amaury Telemaco (born 1974), Dominican baseball player
* Amaury Vassili (born 1989), French tenor
* Sergio Amaury Ponce (born 1981), Mexican soccer player

## Other

* Montfort-l'Amaury, a French commune in Yvelines département, France
* Éditions Philippe Amaury (EPA), also known as Groupe EPA or the Amaury Group, a French media group
* Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), part of the French media group, Éditions Philippe Amaury
# World on Wheels

World on Wheels was a roller rink in Los Angeles, California, United States that focused on Hip Hop and R&B. The rink opened in 1981, then closed in 2013 due to filing bankruptcy. After reopening in 2017 from Nipsey Hussle's investments, it closed again in 2020.
The rink is featured in the HBO documentary film United Skates.
# Calbraith

Calbraith is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Clare Calbraith, English actress
* Arthur Calbraith Dorrance
* Calbraith Perry Rodgers, American aviator
* Matthew Calbraith Perry, American naval flag officer
* Matthew Calbraith Butler, American military commander
# Laura Vetterlein

Laura Vetterlein (born 7 April 1992) is a German footballer, who plays as a defender for FC Zürich Frauen in Switzerland. She is the younger sister of Alisa Vetterlein.

## Club career

Vetterlein's early interest in football was inspired by her sister Alisa. She joined SV Nollingen's youth system when she was five years old and got a special permit from the German Football Association to keep playing in boys' youth teams until she was 16.
She began her senior career in 2008, electing to join 1. FC Saarbrücken who had just been relegated from the Frauen-Bundesliga and were looking to give younger players a chance in their team. Vetterlein played 48 league matches for Saarbrücken over three seasons and helped them reclaim their place in the top division. But when they were relegated again in 2011 she transferred to Wolfsburg, where her sister was also contracted.
Wolfsburg won the UEFA Women's Champions League in consecutive seasons, but Vetterlein was an unused substitute in both the 2013 and 2014 finals. When her contract was not renewed she agreed a free transfer to SC Sand in May 2015, alongside Wolfsburg teammate Jovana Damnjanović.
In July 2019 Vetterlein signed for FA Women's Super League club West Ham United.

## International career

Between April 2007 and February 2012 Vetterlein played 31 matches for Germany's youth international teams, ranging from under-15 to under-20 level.
# Sinikka Laine

Sinikka Laine-Törmänen (born 17 October 1945) is a Finnish author primarily of young adult fiction. Her first novel Ohari was published in 1982.
Laine has won many literary awards and her novel Tyttö tuulesta, poika pimeästä (1986) won the Finnish state literature award (Finnish: Valtion kirjallisuuspalkinto).
Laine was born in Riihimäki, but lives and works in Oulu. She is married to artist Veikko Törmänen.

## Works
### Novels

* Ohari, WSOY 1982. ISBN 951-0-11369-7
* Ei kenenkään, ei koskaan, WSOY 1984. ISBN 951-0-12189-4
* Tyttö tuulesta, poika pimeästä, WSOY 1986. ISBN 951-0-13861-4
* Silkkiuikku, WSOY 1988 (as Danish translation: Sommerpigen, 1990) ISBN 951-0-15266-8 (Danish translation: ISBN 87-00-69234-4)
* Sininen ruoho, WSOY 1990, ISBN 951-0-16616-2
* Jos et pelkää pimeää, WSOY 1991. ISBN 951-0-17070-4
* Töyhtö, WSOY 1992. ISBN 951-0-18245-1
* Myrtti, yhden talven tyttö, WSOY 1994. ISBN 951-0-19020-9
* Kuujuhla, WSOY 1995. ISBN 951-0-20404-8
* Hyvästi, valkoinen, WSOY 1996. ISBN 951-0-20654-7

### Short stories

* Sata munkkipossua in Sanojen portille lyhyesti (Edited by Asko Martinheimo), WSOY 1986
* Taiteilijaelämää, Kaltio 4 / 2003
# A. V. Ragsdale

Amos Vincent Ragsdale (December 14, 1854 – April 3, 1912) was an American politician in the state of Washington. He served in the Washington House of Representatives from 1891 to 1893, representing Spokane County. Ragsdale was born in the village of Ragsdale in Lucas County, Iowa on December 14, 1854 and became a real estate broker and dealer after moving to Spokane around 1885.
# Maltese scudo

The scudo (plural scudi) is the official currency of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and was the currency of Malta during the rule of the Order over Malta, which ended in 1798. It is subdivided into 12 tarì (singular tarì), each of 20 grani (singular grano) with 6 piccioli (singular picciolo) to the grano. It is pegged to the euro (at a rate of 1 scudo to €0.24, or €1 = 4 scudi 2 tarì).

## History

The scudo was first minted in Rhodes in 1318. By 1500, the coins had the distinctive characteristics of a cross and the Order's and Grandmaster's coat of arms on one side, and the head of St. John the Baptist on the other. The scudo was first minted in Malta during the reign of Piero de Ponte. The quality of the coins improved especially during the reign of António Manoel de Vilhena in the early 18th century. At some points in time, foreign coinage was allowed to circulate in Malta alongside the scudo. These included Spanish dollars, Venetian lira, Louis d'or and other currencies.
During the French occupation of Malta in 1798, the French authorities melted down some of the silver from the island's churches and struck them into 15 and 30 tarì coins from the 1798 dies of Grandmaster Hompesch. After the Maltese rebellion, gold and silver ingots were stamped with a face value in grani, tarì and scudi and they briefly circulated as coinage in Valletta and the surrounding area.
The scudo continued to circulate on the island of Malta, which had become a British colony, along with some other currencies until they were all replaced by sterling in 1825, at a rate of £1 to 12 scudi (or 1 scudo = 1s. 8d.) using British coinage. Despite this, some scudi remained in use and the last coins were withdrawn from circulation and demonetized in November 1886. 1 scudo in 1886 had the spending power equivalent to £3.82 or €4.35 in 2011. The present-day Republic of Malta adopted the decimal Maltese pound in 1972, and the euro in 2008.
The SMOM, which is now based in Rome, has issued souvenir coins denominated in grani, tarì and scudi since 1961. The 1961 issues were minted in Rome, while mints in Paris and Arezzo were used in 1962 and 1963. From 1964 onwards coins were minted in the Order's own mint.
The scudo was also the currency used on the Order's stamps from 1961 to 2005, when the euro began to be used.

## Coins

Coins were issued in denominations of 1, 2+1⁄2, 5 and 10 grani, 1, 2, 4 and 6 tarì, 1, 1+1⁄4, 1+1⁄3, 2, 2+1⁄2, 5, 10 and 20 scudi. The 1, 2+1⁄2, 5 and 10 grani and 1 tarì were minted in copper, with the 2+1⁄2 grani denominated as 15 piccoli. The 2, 4 and 6 tarì, 1, 1+1⁄4, 1+1⁄3, 2 and 2+1⁄2 scudi were silver coins, with the 1+1⁄4, 1+1⁄3 and 2+1⁄2 scudi denominated as 15, 16 and 30 tarì. The 5, 10, 20 scudi coins were gold.
Coins minted today include bronze 10 grani, silver 9 tarì, 1 and 2 scudi and gold 5 and 10 scudi.
In 2011, a gold coin of António Manoel de Vilhena minted in 1725 sold for US$340,000.
# Brunswick Square (building complex)

Brunswick Square is a building complex located in Uptown Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada. It consists of a 3-storey shopping mall as well as a 19-storey Class A office tower. The complex contains a 700 capacity parking garage.
Brunswick Square also utilizes the Inside Connection, a large pedway system connecting the complex to other prominent locations in the city such as the Saint John City Market, Delta Hotels, the city hall, TD Station, and other areas.
It is the location for the New Brunswick Black History Society's Black Heritage Site, the first of its kind in New Brunswick.

## History

Before its establishment, the site of Brunswick Square was once home to Manchester, Robertson & Allison (MRA's), a department store established in 1866 by James Manchester, James F. Robertson, and Joseph Allison. After its closure in 1973 following 107 years of business, the entire block comprising King, Germain, and Prince William Streets would be demolished to pave the way for the development of Brunswick Square, which completed in 1976. In November, a celebratory event took place, featuring the premier, Richard Hatfield, who cut a replica cake of the complex using a sword.
In 2015, Brunswick Square, along with 13 other office and retail buildings in Atlantic Canada, was acquired by Slate Office REIT for $430 million. It was previously owned and sold by Fortis Properties, a subsidiary of Fortis Inc.

## Closures

Brunswick Square’s shopping mall has witnessed a noticeable decline in both business and popularity over time, going from housing over 60 business locations in 2012, down to just over 20 by 2022, with nearly 40 vacant storefronts within the mall. The already-prevalent trend of declining tenants was intensified due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Apart from the location of a Cora restaurant, the third floor of the mall is almost entirely empty. This Cora location closed in 2024.
Numerous businesses have permanently closed their locations in the mall, including The Source, Starbucks, GoodLife Fitness, McDonald's, Coles Books, Pizza Hut, Laura Secord and several other establishments.
# N-Acetylanthranilic acid

N-Acetylanthranilic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula C$_9$H$_9$NO$_3$. It is an intermediate product in catabolism of quinaldine in Arthrobacter sp., and is further metabolized to anthranilic acid.
N-Acetylanthranilic acid can be synthesized from 2-bromoacetanilide via palladium-catalyzed carbonylation in tri-n-butylamine-water at 110–130 °C, under 3 atm of carbon monoxide. In the laboratory, it can be easily synthesized from anthranilic acid and acetic anhydride.
N-Acetylanthranilic acid exhibits triboluminescence when crushed. The fractured crystals have large electrical potentials between areas of high and low charge. When the electrons suddenly migrate to neutralize these potentials, flashes of deep blue light are created.
In the United States, it is a Drug Enforcement Administration-controlled List I chemical, because it has been used in the synthesis of methaqualone.
# Zollie Volchok

Zalmon Marcola "Zollie" Volchok (September 22, 1916 – February 26, 2012) was the general manager of the Seattle SuperSonics of the National Basketball Association.
Volchok was born in Salem, Oregon and graduated from the University of Oregon in 1939. His parents were Russian-Jewish immigrants. Volchok served in the United States Navy during World War II. In the early 1950s, he started a film distribution company in Seattle that later became Northwest Releasing, a booking company for theatrical shows, musical performances (such as The Beatles' first Seattle appearance in 1964, The Rat Pack, Bill Cosby, and Elvis Presley) and closed-circuit broadcasts of athletic contests.
Volchok's success with Northwest Releasing led SuperSonics owner Sam Schulman to offer him a position as general manager of the team. Volchok concentrated on marketing and promoting the SuperSonics, bringing live and recorded music into the Seattle Center Coliseum, creating halftime shows, and introducing kids' nights, ladies' nights, and seniors' nights.
Volchok was manager when the SuperSonics won the NBA championship in 1979 and won the 1983 NBA Executive of the Year Award. In 1983, Volchok's involvement with the SuperSonics ended when Schulman sold it.
Volchok died in 2012 of pneumonia at the age of 95.
# Leena Günther

Leena Günther (born 16 April 1991 in Cologne) is a German athlete who competes in the sprint with a personal best time of 11.33 seconds in the 100 metres event.
Günther won the gold medal at the 2012 European Athletics Championships – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay in Helsinki. That year, she was also part of the German 4 x 100 m women's team which finished 5th in the final at the Olympic Games. She has also competed at the 2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics.
# Aila Meriluoto

Aila Meriluoto (10 January 1924 – 21 October 2019) was a Finnish poet, writer and translator.
Meriluoto was born in Pieksämäki, and published her first collection of poems, Lasimaalaus in age of 22. It was a success among critics and readers.
She became the most celebrated and widely read female poet of post-war Finland. The central themes of her early poems are art and femininity. Her first collections reflect the influence of Austrian author Rainer Maria Rilke. In collection Pahat unet (1956) some of the poems have a free form. The next collection, Portaat, came five years later, and there Meriluoto had found her own modern style of expression.
Meriluoto lived in Sweden for 13 years. In 1974 she moved back to Finland, and the language of her poetry changed again to more close to a talking voice.
In addition to poems, Meriluoto wrote novels, and books for young people. She has translated works by Harry Martinson, Rainer Maria Rilke, Shakespeare and Goethe.
Meriluoto was married 1948–1956 to another poet, Lauri Viita. She described him and their stormy marriage in a biographical novel.
Meriluoto died in a care home in Helsinki on 21 October 2019, aged 95.
# Nina Bland

Nina Bland (born April 21, 1959) is a Canadian former professional tennis player.
A Canadian Federation Cup representative, Bland played singles in five ties between 1979 and 1981. Her only win, against Frédérique Thibault in 1980, helped Canada defeat France in the final of the consolation rounds.
While a student at UC Berkeley she played varsity tennis.
Bland, who is qualified as a physician, has been married to orthopedic surgeon and former Canadian Medical Association president Dr. Brian Day since the 1990s and they have four children together.
# FIBA Polynesia Cup

The FIBA Polynesian Basketball Cup (FPC) is one of three new regional tournaments organized by FIBA Oceania. The tournament was played starting November 2018 for countries belonging to Polynesia sub-zone.

## Tournament format

The six teams will be split into two pools of three playing in a round robin format. The top two teams in each group will qualify for the semi-finals (with the two bottom teams playing off) or if there are five teams or less; one pool will play a round-robin with the top four teams qualifying for semi-finals. The top three teams from the FPC will qualify for the Pacific Games.

## Significance

According to FIBA in Oceania Executive Director David Crocker, one of the main reasons this tournament was created was to strengthen the level of competition within Oceania as well as the Pacific Games, ideally creating new national rivalries.

## Men's tournaments
### Summary

| Year | Host | Final | Final | Final | Third-place game | Third-place game | Third-place game |
| Year | Host | Champion | Score | Second Place | Third Place | Score | Fourth Place |
| 2018 Details | Apia | Tahiti | 77–73 | Samoa | Tonga | 79–77 | American Samoa |
| 2022 Details | Kaitaia (New Zealand) | Tahiti | round-robin | Tonga | Samoa | round-robin | American Samoa |

### Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Tahiti | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Samoa | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2 | Tonga | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Totals (3 entries) | Totals (3 entries) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |

### Participating nations

| Nation | 2018 | 2022 |
| American Samoa | 4th | 4th |
| Cook Islands | 5th | 5th |
| Samoa | 2nd | 3rd |
| Tahiti | 1st | 1st |
| Tonga | 3rd | 2nd |
| Total | 5 | 5 |

## Women's tournaments
### Summary

| Year | Host | Final | Final | Final | Third-place game | Third-place game | Third-place game |
| Year | Host | Champion | Score | Second Place | Third Place | Score | Fourth Place |
| 2018 Details | Apia | Cook Islands | 91–58 | Tahiti | Samoa | 70–53 | American Samoa |
| 2022 Details | Kaitaia (New Zealand) | Cook Islands | round-robin | Samoa | Tahiti | round-robin | American Samoa |

### Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Cook Islands | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Samoa | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2 | Tahiti | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Totals (3 entries) | Totals (3 entries) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |

### Participating nations

| Nation | 2018 | 2022 |
| American Samoa | 4th | 4th |
| Cook Islands | 1st | 1st |
| Samoa | 3rd | 2nd |
| Tahiti | 2nd | 3rd |
| Tonga | | 5th |
| Total | 4 | 5 |
# Nevra Necipoğlu

Nevra Necipoğlu is a Turkish historian of the Byzantine Empire who is a professor of history at Boğaziçi University.

## Early life and education

She was educated and graduated from Robert College. She then graduated from Wellesley College with a double major in History and Economics in 1982. She received her Ph.D. in Byzantine History from Harvard University in 1990. She is the sister of Gülru Necipoğlu, who is the Aga Khan Professor of Islamic Art and director of the Aga Khan Program of Islamic Architecture at Harvard University.

## Career

She has taught at Boğaziçi University since 1990 and is the founding director of its Byzantine Studies Research Center, which was established in 2015. She has taught courses on Classical History and Civilization, Islamic History and Civilization, Byzantine Constantinople, the Crusades, pre-Ottoman Turkish history, as well as Byzantine History and Historiography.
She has published Byzantium between the Ottomans and the Latins: Politics and Society in the Late Empire (2009) and edited Byzantine Constantinople: Monuments, Topography and Everyday Life, (with Ayla Ödekan and Engin Akyürek) The Byzantine Court: Source of Power and Culture, and (with Paul Magdalino)Trade in the Byzantine World
Her research interests include Late Byzantine social and economic history; Byzantine–Ottoman relations; the social topography of late Byzantine Constantinople; and the history of medieval Anatolia.

## Languages

Professor Necipoğlu's native language is Turkish and she is fluent in English. She also can do research in French, German, Ancient & Byzantine Greek, Latin, Ottoman Turkish and Italian. She also has Palaeographic skills in Byzantine Greek, Ottoman Turkish, Medieval Latin and Italian.

## Awards and honors

* 1986–1987 Dumbarton Oaks Junior Fellowship in Byzantine Studies
* 1993–1994 Dumbarton Oaks Fellowship in Byzantine Studies
* 1995 Martin Harrison Memorial Fellowship, University of Oxford
* 2002 Visiting Scholar, Centre de recherches d’histoire et civilisation Byzantines
et du Proche Orient médiéval, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
* 2008 Boğaziçi University Award for Outstanding Research
* 2010 Runciman Award Shortlist

## Videos

* Türkiye'de Bizans araştırmaları üzerine Prof. Nevra Necipoğlu ve Prof. Engin Akyürek ile sohbet (A Conversation with Professors Nevra Necipoğlu and Engin Akyürek on Byzantine Research in Turkey (in Turkish)
* Byzantine Studies Research Center Inauguration at Boğaziçi University, November 24, 2015
# Alliance of the Forces of Progress (Senegal)

The Alliance of the Forces of Progress (French: Alliance des forces de progrès) is a political party in Senegal.
In the parliamentary election held on 29 April 2001, the party won 16.1% of the popular vote and 11 out of 120 seats. The party's founder, Moustapha Niasse, won 16.8% of the vote in the 2000 presidential election, coming in third place. Along with most other opposition parties, the AFP boycotted the parliamentary election of 3 June 2007.
In the 2017 parliamentary elections, the party fought the election as part of the Benno Bokk Yakaar coalition, supporting President Macky Sall. The coalition won 125 seats, including a seat for Moustapha Niasse.

## Electoral history
### Presidential elections

| Election | Party candidate | First Round | First Round | Second Round | Second Round | Result |
| Election | Party candidate | Votes | % | Votes | % | Result |
| 2000 | Moustapha Niasse | 280,538 | 16.77% | — | — | Lost N |
| 2007 | Moustapha Niasse | 203,129 | 5.93% | — | — | Lost N |
| 2012 | Moustapha Niasse | 357,330 | 13.20% | — | — | Lost N |

### National Assembly elections

| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Status |
| 2001 | Moustapha Niasse | 303,150 | 16.13% | 11 / 120 | New | 2nd | Opposition |
| 2007 | Election boycotted | Election boycotted | Election boycotted | 0 / 120 | 11 | — | Extra-parliamentary |
| 2012 | Moustapha Niasse | 1,040,899 | 53.06% | 119 / 150 | 119 | 1st | Coalition (United in Hope) |
| 2017 | Moustapha Niasse | 1,637,761 | 49.47% | 125 / 165 | 26 | 1st | Coalition (United in Hope) |
| 2022 | Moustapha Niasse | 1,518,137 | 46.56% | 82 / 165 | 43 | 1st | Coalition (United in Hope) |
| 2024 | Moustapha Niasse | 330,865 | 9.13% | 7 / 165 | 75 | 3rd | Opposition |
* 1 2 3 Run within United in Hope coalition.
* ↑ Run as part of the Jàmm ak Njariñ coalition.
# Abdulkadir Uraloğlu

Abdulkadir Uraloğlu (born 1966, Trabzon) is a Turkish politician, who is serving as the Minister of Transport and Infrastructure since 4 June 2023 in the 67th government of Turkey. He had previously been the head of the General Directorate of Highways.

## Early and personal life

Uraloğlu was born in 1966 in Trabzon, Turkey. He is from the Çayırbağı neighborhood in the Düzköy district. He graduated from the Karadeniz Technical University in 1988 with a degree in construction engineering. Following his graduation, he briefly worked as a site engineer in the private sector. Uraloğlu is married and has 3 children.

## Career
### General Directorate of Highways (1989–2023)

Uraloğlu joined the General Directorate of Highways (KGM) in 1989 and worked as an engineer at various locations until 2003, when he became the deputy director of KGM in Trabzon. He later became the director of Kayseri, Samsun and briefly Bursa, before being appointed as the İzmir director of the KGM. Uraloğlu left this position in 2015 and became an MP candidate of Trabzon from the Justice and Development Party. After failing to get elected, he returned to the KGM, again as the director of İzmir. In July 2018, he was made the general director of the KGM. In September 2018, he was elected to the supervisory board of Türk Telekom while keeping his position at the KGM. This has led to criticism from left-wing media, who mocked Uraloğlu for having "two salaries".

### Minister of Transport and Infrastructure (2023–)

On 4 June 2023, Uraloğlu was appointed by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan as the Minister of Transport and Infrastructure in the newly elected 67th government of Turkey. The handover ceremony with previous minister Adil Karaismailoğlu happened the next day.
# Karmamela

Sant Karmamela was a 14th-century poet saint from Maharashtra. He was a son of Chokhamela and Soyarabai who belonged Mahar caste. In his Abhangs he accused God for forgetting and how his life was made miserable as a low caste. He rebelled against varna system.
There is at least one Buddhist tradition interested in Karamamela, who was a strong and bitter voice, not suffering his social status with content. Kramamela and his family followed the Bhakti movement. Their Abhangs comments on that time, on the way to meditate and God's loves for his devotee. These poems resonate with current Dalit poetry, describing criticism of society and beliefs of religion, disbelief in pure doctrine and pollution, and protest for survival.