OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Alex Blaauw

Paul Alex Blaauw, usually known as P. A. Blaauw, was an Indo politician, lawyer, and member of the Dutch East Indies Volksraad representing the Indo Europeesch Verbond from the 1920s to the 1940s. During the period of transition to Indonesian independence and the 1949 Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference he was a leader of the largest faction advocating for the rights of Indos.

## Biography
### Early life

Blaauw was born in Ambarawa, Central Java, Dutch East Indies on 3 June 1891. His father, Michiel Frederik Blaauw was born in Bemmel, Netherlands; his mother was named Jeanna Louise Smit. After graduating from a Hogere Burgerschool, Blaauw traveled to the Netherlands in 1913 where he enrolled in the Law program at Leiden University. He was married in Rotterdam in 1916 to his wife Wilhelmine Diderika Robertson. He finished his Doctorate in Law in 1919.

### Legal and political career

In 1920, he returned to the Indies and took up a civil servant (ambtenaar) post in the Department of Justice. In May 1927 he was elected to the Volksraad for the Indo Europeesch Verbond. He continued to hold the post through the 1930s and until the Japanese invasion in 1942.
He resigned from the Indo Europeesch Verbond in 1947, citing irreconcilable differences between his views and those of the current leadership of the party.
During the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference in 1949 he was one of the leaders of a faction representing Dutch and Indo people in the talks. His faction, which was by far the largest, was also led by J. H. Schijfsma and J. Verboom and represented the right-wing Grooter Nederland Actie (Greater Netherlands Action), New Guinea settlement organizations, and the organization of former prisoners of war (NIBEG). (Of the other two smaller Indo factions at the talks, one represented the Eurasian League, and the other was a tiny faction representing the pro-Indonesian Indo Nationale Partij.) Blaauw and his faction felt they were ignored during the talks, and so they refused to attend the final meeting out of protest.
After Indonesia achieved its independence from the Netherlands, he resigned from the civil service and traveled to Europe in December 1949. There he continued to advocate for Indos and Dutch people living in Indonesia, working a leader of an organization called the Vereniging van Indische Nederlanders (Association of Indies Dutch). He was also active in organizations working to ensure continued Dutch control over Netherlands New Guinea. Around 1960 he was active in another organization, NASSI (Nationale Actie Steunt Spijtoptanten Indonesië), which was chaired by William Lemaire, a fellow Indo lawyer who had been a Catholic National Party member of parliament in the Netherlands and had since become a professor at Leiden University. The purpose of that organization was to support Dutch and Indo people still living in Indonesia, and to expedite their relocation to the Netherlands if necessary.
# Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria

Archduke Rainer of Austria (30 September 1783 – 16 January 1853) was a Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia from 1818 to 1848. He was also an Archduke of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia.

## Biography

Rainer was a son of Emperor Leopold II and Empress Maria Luisa, and was thus a younger brother of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor.
Although Rainer suffered from a mild form of epilepsy, this did not visibly interfere with his military career.
Rainer served as Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia from 1818 to 1848. The position made Rainer and his wife the head of the Austrian court at Milan. Rainer's politics were increasingly unpopular, the Italians resented him for their lack of political freedom and for collecting revenues with so little benefit to them.
Throughout the 1840s, the political situation worsened to such an extent that in 1847, Klemens von Metternich resurrected his 1817 plans for an Italian chancellery by sending his right-hand man Count Karl Ludwig von Ficquelmont to Milan as acting Chancellor of Lombardy–Venetia to restore the Austrian rule while taking over Northern Italy's administration. But only a few months later, Ficquelmont was recalled to Vienna to assume the leadership of the Council of war as the Revolutions of 1848 started.
Archduke Rainer's mistakes as well as the lack of understanding between Rainer and Feldmarschall Graf Radetzky, were blamed for the disasters of the Italian Revolution of 1848.

## Marriage and children

He married in Prague on 28 May 1820 Princess Elisabeth of Savoy (13 April 1800 – 25 December 1856). She was the sister of the Prince of Carignano, who would in 1831 become King of Sardinia as King Charles Albert. She was also a granddaughter of the late former duke of the Baltic Duchy of Courland and Semigallia.
Children included:
* Maria Carolina (6 February 1821 – 23 Jan 1844) – unmarried, no issue
* Adelaide (3 June 1822 – 20 January 1855) – wife of Victor Emmanuel II, from 1849 king of Sardinia
* Leopold (6 June 1823 – 24 May 1898) – Oberkommandant der Marine ('High Commander of the Navy') from 1864 to 1868
* Ernst (8 August 1824 – 4 April 1899), Feldmarschalleutnant
* Sigismund (7 January 1826 – 15 December 1891), Feldmarschalleutnant
* Rainer (11 January 1827 – 27 January 1913) – Austrian Minister President 1859–61; his visit to the Hotel Greif in Wels is commemorated by a wall plaque there. Married Archduchess Maria Karoline of Austria (1825-1915). No issue.
* Heinrich (9 May 1828 – 30 November 1891), Feldmarschalleutnant
* Maximilian (16 January 1830 – 16 March 1839) – died in childhood
The Revolution of 1848 forced Rainer and Elisabeth from the court at Milan; when the insurrection was quelled, Radetzky was named Rainer's successor as Viceroy. Although his children, except Adelheid, are buried in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna, he and his wife are buried at the Maria Himmelfahrtskirche in Bolzano.
Through his daughter Adelaide, Rainer is an ancestor of the entire royal family of Italy which reigned from 1861 to 1946.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria :
# RapidSVN

RapidSVN is a cross-platform Subversion client. It is released under the GNU General Public License. The current version of RapidSVN does not support the SVN "blame" command.

## Issues on Windows

* RapidSVN doesn't come with an SSH client so the user must install a client, for example the plink.exe that comes with PuTTY.
* When one specifies the path to one's ssh client in the Subversion configuration file, the Unix style should be followed.
# Miss Grand North Macedonia

Miss Grand North Macedonia is a national female beauty pageant title awarded to Macedonian representatives competing at the Miss Grand International pageant. The title was first awarded in 2013 when Sandra Stefanovska was assigned by Crnokrak Fashion Studio to represent the country at the inaugural edition of Miss Grand International in Thailand. The second titleholder was Dunavka Trifunovska who purchased the franchise and dominated herself to partake in the international tournament in 2015.
Since the establishment of Miss Grand International, Macedonia sent its representatives to compete only in 2013 and 2015, one of them, Sandra Stefanovska, qualified for the final-20 round.

## History

Macedonia debuted in Miss Grand International in 2013 after the Skopje-based model agency, Crnokrak Fashion Studio (Macedonian: Модното студио Црнокрак), obtained the franchise and assigned their-affiliated model, Sandra Stefanovska, to compete internationally in Thailand, where she was placed among the top 20 finalists. Crnokrak Fashion Studio is managed by Miki Crnokrak (Macedonian: Мики Црнокрак).
In 2015, the license was granted to a Skopje-based pharmacist and founder of a fashion agency named D+D Fashion Woman, Dunavka Trifunovska, who then dominated herself as the country representative at the international competition held in Thailand in October of that year. However, some media reported that Trifunovska was actually 34 years old, not 24, as specified in the documents registering with the organizer committee, which violated the criteria of the pageant since women over the age of 28 were not allowed to enter the contest. The Miss Grand International Organization has not made any official announcement, nor has it confirmed anything regarding the age controversy.
Due to lacking franchise holders, the Macedonian representatives for Miss Grand International have not additionally been elected since 2016.

## International competition

The following is a list of Macedonian representatives at the Miss Grand International contest.
| Year | Representative | Original national title | Competition performance | Competition performance | National licensee |
| Year | Representative | Original national title | Placement | Other awards | National licensee |
| 2013 | Sandra Stefanovska | Appointed | Top 20 | — | Miki Crnokrak |
| 2015 | Dunavka Trifunovska | Self-dominated | Unplaced | — | Dunavka Trifunovska |
| No representatives since 2016 ||||||
# Palace of Eternal Spring

The Palace of Eternal Spring (simplified Chinese: 长春宫; traditional Chinese: 長春宮; pinyin: Chǎngchūngōng), also known as Changchun Palace, is one of the Six Western Palaces in the inner court of the Forbidden City. It is situated north of the Hall of the Supreme Principle, west of the Palace of Earthly Honour and northwest of the Palace of Eternal Longevity.

## History

This residence was built in 1420 and was named the "Palace of Eternal Spring". In 1535, the Jiajing Emperor renamed it to the "Palace of Eternal Tranquility" (永宁宫; Yǒngnínggōng). It regained its current name during the Qing dynasty and was renovated in 1689. In 1859, the inner gate was dismantled so as to connect it with the neighbouring Hall of the Supreme Principle; an opera stage where Empress Dowager Cixi could watch performances was constructed.
The most remarkable detail of the palace is a corridor painted with 18 Suzhou-style frescos depicting scenes from the Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin.

## Residents
### Ming dynasty

| Year | Emperor | Imperial consort | Notes |
| 1623–1627 | Tianqi | Consort Cheng | |

### Qing dynasty

| Year | Emperor | Imperial consort | Notes |
| 1735–1748 | Qianlong | Empress Xiaoxianchun | |
| 1861–1884 | Xianfeng | Empress Dowager Cixi | |
| 1908–1913 | Guangxu | Empress Dowager Longyu | She moved here from the Palace of Accumulated Purity and also lived in the Hall of the Supreme Principle |
| 1922–1924 | Xuantong | Consort Shu | |
# SS Linz

SS Linz. :
| History ||
| Austria-Hungary ||
| Name | Linz |
| Owner | Lloyd Austriaco |
| Port of registry | Trieste, Italy |
| Builder | Lloyd Austriaco |
| Yard number | 116 |
| Launched | 20 April 1909 |
| Completed | 1909 |
| Fate | Struck a mine and sunk 19 March 1918 |
| General characteristics ||
| Type | Ocean Liner |
| Tonnage | 3,819 GRT |
| Length | 105 metres (344 ft 6 in) |
| Beam | 13.3 metres (43 ft 8 in) |
| Depth | 9.8 metres (32 ft 2 in) |
| Installed power | Triple expansion steam engine |
| Propulsion | Screw propeller |
| Speed | 12.5 knots |
| Capacity | 1003 passengers and crew |
SS Linz was an Austro-Hungarian Ocean Liner that hit a mine in the Adriatic Sea 4 miles northwest of the Cape of Rodon, while she was travelling from Fiume, Croatia to Durazzo, Albania under command of Captain Tonello Hugo.

## Construction

Linz was constructed in 1909 at the Lloyd Austriaco shipyard in Trieste, Italy. She was requisitioned by the Austro-Hungarian Navy and used to transport troops and prisoners on Albanian routes.
The ship was 105 metres (344 ft 6 in) long, with a beam of 13.3 metres (43 ft 8 in) and a depth of 9.8 metres (32 ft 2 in). The ship was assessed at 3,819 GRT. She had a triple-expansion steam engine driving a single propeller and the engine was rated at 390 nhp (291 kW).

## Sinking

Linz was sunk on 19 March 1918. Linz was on a voyage from Fiume in what is now Croatia, to Durazzo in what is now Albania, escorted by three Austro-Hungarian Navy ships – the Tátra-class destroyer SMS Balaton and the torpedo boats SMS Tb-74 and SMS Tb-98. The ship officially had 1,003 passengers on board, of which 413 were Italian prisoners-of-war being transported to labour camps in Albania. After a stop in the port of Zelenika, Linz hit a mine – although witnesses claimed to have seen a torpedo wake – at 00:25 hours and sank 20 minutes later, 4 nautical miles (7.4 kilometres) northwest of Cape Rodonit in the Adriatic Sea. A total of 697 passengers and crew died, including 283 Italian prisoners-of-war and an International Red Cross nurse. Balaton and the two torpedo boats saved 306 passengers and crew. An enemy submarine unsuccessfully attacked Tb-98.

## Annotations

* ↑ Wrecksite.eu gives two dates 19 March 1918 and 20 February 1918
* ↑ Wrecksite.eu gives two dates 19 March 1918 and 20 February 1918

## Citations

* 1 2 wrecksite 2022.
* ↑ Silvia 2013.
* ↑ Russell 2020, p. 376.
# Charlie Stallworth

Charlie Stallworth (born August 5, 1964) is an American politician who served in the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 126th district from 2011 to 2022.
# Hiroshi Kobayashi (shogi, born 1976)

Hiroshi Kobayashi (小林 裕士, Kobayashi Hiroshi, born September 29, 1976) is a Japanese professional shogi player ranked 8-dan.

## Shogi professional
### Promotion history

Kobayashi's promotion history is as follows:
* 6-kyū: 1990
* 1-dan: 1993
* 4-dan: April 1, 1997
* 5-dan: April 1, 2001
* 6-dan: April 5, 2006
* 7-dan: October 12, 2011
* 8-dan: December 12, 2023
# Aztlan Underground

Aztlan Underground is a band from Los Angeles, California that combines Hip-Hop, Punk Rock, Jazz, and electronic music with Chicano and Native American themes, and indigenous instrumentation. They are often cited as progenitors of Chicano rap.

## Background

The band traces its roots to the late-1980s hardcore scene in the Eastside of Los Angeles. They have played rapcore, with elements of punk, hip hop, rock, funk, jazz, indigenous music, and spoken word. Indigenous drums, flutes, and rattles are also commonly used in their music. Their lyrics often address the family and economic issues faced by the Chicano community, and they have been noted as activists for that community.
As an example of the politically active and culturally important artists in Los Angeles in the 1990s, Aztlan Underground appeared on Culture Clash on Fox in 1993; and was part of Breaking Out, a concert on pay per view in 1998, The band was featured in the independent films Algun Dia and Frontierland in the 1990s, and on the upcoming Studio 49. The band has been mentioned or featured in various newspapers and magazines: the Vancouver Sun, New Times, BLU Magazine (an underground hip hop magazine), BAM Magazine, La Banda Elastica Magazine, and the Los Angeles Times calendar section. The band is also the subject of a chapter in the book It's Not About a Salary, by Brian Cross.
Aztlan Underground remains active in the community, lending their voice to annual events such as The Farce of July, and the recent movement to recognize Indigenous People's Day in Los Angeles and beyond.
In addition to forming their own label, Xicano Records and Film, Aztlan Underground were signed to the Basque record label Esan Ozenki in 1999 which enabled them to tour Spain extensively and perform in France and Portugal. Aztlan Underground have also performed in Canada, Australia, and Venezuela. The band has been recognized for their music with nominations in the New Times 1998 "Best Latin Influenced" category, the BAM Magazine 1999 "Best Rock en Español" category, and the LA Weekly 1999 "Best Hip Hop" category. The release of their eponymous third album on August 29, 2009, was met with positive reviews and earned the band four Native American Music Award (NAMMY) nominations in 2010.

## Discography
### Decolonize

Year:1995
* "Teteu Innan"
* "Killing Season"
* "Lost Souls"
* "My Blood Is Red"
* "Natural Enemy"
* "Sacred Circle"
* "Blood On Your Hands"
* "Interlude"
* "Aug 2 the 9"
* "Indigena"
* "Lyrical Drive By"

### Sub-Verses

Year:1998
* "Permiso"
* "They Move In Silence"
* "No Soy Animal"
* "Killing Season"
* "Blood On Your Hands"
* "Reality Check"
* "Lemon Pledge"
* "Revolution"
* "Preachers of the Blind State"
* "Lyrical Drive-By"
* "Nahui Ollin"
* "How to Catch a Bullet"
* "Ik Otik"
* "Obsolete Man"
* "Decolonize"
* "War Flowers"

### Aztlan Underground

Year: 2009
* "Moztlitta"
* "Be God"
* "Light Shines"
* "Prey"
* "In the Field"
* "9 10 11 12"
* "Smell the Dead"
* "Sprung"
* "Medicine"
* "Acabando"
* "Crescent Moon"
# Janice Whaley

Janice Whaley is an American and experimental a cappella singer and songwriter from San Jose, California. Whaley's music is a combination of pop and indie pop. She is most well known for her 2010 multi-album solo work The Smiths Project, consisting of a capella covers of every song by British alt-rock band The Smiths.

## Early life

Whaley was born and raised in Joshua Tree, California. Her father was a Baptist minister. She learned to play piano as a child, and was a member of her high school marching, symphonic and jazz bands. After high school, she studied electronic music at San Francisco State University.

## Musical career

In 2010, Janice Whaley released The Smiths Project, a reimagining of the entire catalog of Smiths songs. The Smiths Project was meticulously constructed over the course of a year by Whaley on her own, building up each song in 20 or 30 layers of vocals, entirely a capella, taking up to 30 hours per song. Stephen Kelly of British newspaper The Guardian called The Smiths Project a "testament to just how charming, creative and arduous the modern tribute can be", and praised it as a sincere, heartfelt reinterpretation of the original Smiths catalog, saying that her "greatest achievement has been to highlight and detach the art from the artist." Music journalist Sam Taylor also praised Whaley's cover of "How Soon Is Now?" as "one of the song's more successful heirs", saying that Whaley's "a cappella harmonies capture the original's eeriness."

## Discography
### Albums

* The Smiths Project (2011), album series and box set including:
** The Smiths
** Hatful of Hollow
** Meat is Murder
** The Queen is Dead
** Louder than Bombs
** Strangeways, Here We Come
* Patchwork Life (2012)

### Stand-alone cover versions and collaborations

* "Trees" (2011): re-recording of track from the Curt Smith (Tears For Fears) album Mayfield.
* "Ideas as Opiates" (2012): duet with actor James Roday, original version by Tears For Fears.
* "We Need You" (2012): cover version of Duran Duran original, as requested by Simon Le Bon.
| Year | Organisation | Nominated work | Award | Result |
| 2011 | SF Bay Guardian | The Smiths Project | "Best of the Bay" | Won |
| 2011 | SF Weekly | The Smiths Project | "Best of San Francisco" | Won |
| 2013 | Artist in Music Awards | n/a | Best Singer/Songwriter | Nominated |
| 2013 | Artist in Music Awards | n/a | Best Adult Contemporary Artist | Nominated |
| 2013 | Independent Music Awards | The Smiths Project | Best Tribute Album | Nominated |
| 2013 | Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards | Patchwork Life | Best Pop/Rock Album | Nominated |
| 2013 | Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards | "Tunnel Vision" | Best Electronic/Experimental Song | Nominated |
| 2013 | Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards | "Tunnel Vision" | Best Professional Original Song | Nominated |
| 2013 | Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards | "Tunnel Vision" | Best Song By A Solo Performer | Nominated |
# Guliston (magazine)

Guliston (Uzbek: Guliston, Гулистон) is an Uzbek-language magazine that covers a wide variety of topics, from art and culture to politics and history. It has been described as the "Uzbek Ogonyok" due to the similarity in contents, themes, and popularity. As of 2019 the head editor is Mamatqul Hazratqulov.

## History

Guliston was founded in 1925 as Yer Yuzi and 202 issues of it were published before it was renamed to Oʻzbekiston qurilishda in 1932. It was then renamed to Mashʼala in 1934 before settling on the name Guliston in 1935.
Publication of the magazine was temporarily suspended in 1941 but did not resume until 1967. In the Soviet era, the magazine focused on Communist themes and promoted literature by acclaimed Soviet writers, especially Uzbek writers such as Abdulla Qodiriy, Choʻlpon, Abdurauf Fitrat, Gʻafur Gʻulom, Oybek, Abdulla Alaviy but also writers of other nationalities such as Rasul Gamzatov.
# Alto Alegre dos Parecis

Alto Alegre dos Parecis is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. Its population was 13,255 (2020) and its area is 3,958 km².
The municipality contains 20% of the 384,055 hectares (949,020 acres) Corumbiara State Park, created in 1990. It also contained the 38,950 hectares (96,200 acres) Serra dos Parecis State Park, created in 1990 and cancelled in 2010.
# Microgame (board games)

A microgame is a board game or wargame packaged in a small set.

## Description

Microgames enjoyed popularity during the 1980s and have seen a revival with the popularity of tabletop games in the 21st century. The term generally refers to board games or wargames which were packaged and sold with instructions and maps or playing surfaces printed in a booklet format, or as one large sheet folded until it became "pocket sized" (approximately 4×7 inches). Game pieces (also known as chits or counters) were printed on one or more sheets of thick paper which the player sometimes had to cut for themselves. Other microgames had fully die-cut cardboard sheets like those included with most board wargames. Steve Jackson Games used the Pocket Box to package many of their games in this format.
While small scale wargames and board games, including Tabletop Games' Micro Series Games, had existed before they began publishing, Metagaming Concepts first used the term "MicroGame" when they released Ogre, MicroGame #1 in 1977.

## Publishers

Some publishers of microgames include:
* Alderac Entertainment Group, publishers of Love Letter
* Cheapass Games
* Game Designers' Workshop (defunct)
* Metagaming Concepts (defunct)
* Operational Studies Group
* Simulations Publications, Inc. (defunct)
* Steve Jackson Games
* Task Force Games (defunct)
* Tri Tac Games
* TSR, Inc. (defunct)

## Nanogames

Nanogames are smaller than microgames and often consist of nine or fewer cards, with a few other components. While there is no firm definition of a nanogame, several games have been so labeled. Coin Age, a one-card game, and Where Are Thou, Romeo, a five-card game created as an add-on to the 13-card game Council of Verona, are examples of nanogames launched using Kickstarter.
The 9-card nanogame Orchard won the 2018 Board Game Geek's Print and Play Design Contest.