OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jimmy Tupou

Jimmy Tupou (born 8 August 1992) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays as a lock or loose forward for the Counties Manukau Steelers in New Zealand's domestic Mitre 10 Cup and the Blues in the international Super Rugby competition.

## Early career

Born in Auckland, Tupou attended Pukekohe High School where he initially played rugby league before finally trying his hand at union in his senior year. He was quickly fast-tracked into the Counties Manukau Under-18 side and later played a key role in helping his club side, Patumahoe lift the McNamara Cup, the senior premier club title in Counties Manukau, in 2012.

## Senior career

Coming off the back of impressive performances for New Zealand at Under-20 level, Tupou made the Counties Manukau squad for the 2012 ITM Cup. Despite having just turned 20 before the tournament started, he instantly became a regular starter for the Steelers, playing nine times and scoring one try as the men from Pukekohe lifted the Championship trophy and earned promotion to the Premiership for 2013.
He continued to excel at Premiership level, playing nine times in 2013, 2014 and 2015 and later being named co-captain for the 2016 season. Being one of the senior players in an inexperienced line up he performed admirably, starting 10 of the Steelers' 11 games during a campaign which took them to the Premiership semi-finals before they succumbed to eventual winners Canterbury.

## Super Rugby

Strong performances in his debut season at provincial level with Counties Manukau saw him named in the Crusaders squad ahead of the 2013 Super Rugby season. In a star-studded squad featuring the likes of Richie McCaw and Kieran Read in the loose forward department, Tupou's rookie season at Super Rugby level was limited to just two substitute appearances. However, over the following three seasons spent in Canterbury, he became a regular in the 23 man squad. With his appearances generally restricted to that of a second-half substitute, he turned out 12, 11 and 12 times across the 2014, 2015 and 2016 seasons.
Looking for more game time, he agreed a move north to join the Auckland-based Blues ahead of the 2017 Super Rugby season.

## International

Tupou was a member of the New Zealand Under 20 team that finished as runner-up in the 2012 IRB Junior World Championship in South Africa. He scored one try in four appearances at the tournament.

## Career honours

Counties Manukau
* ITM Cup Championship - 2012

## Super Rugby statistics

    As of 27 November 2016
| Season | Team | Games | Starts | Sub | Mins | Tries | Cons | Pens | Drops | Points | Yel | Red |
| 2013 | Crusaders | 2 | 0 | 2 | 53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2014 | Crusaders | 12 | 1 | 11 | 239 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2015 | Crusaders | 11 | 2 | 9 | 294 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2016 | Crusaders | 12 | 4 | 8 | 434 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 37 | 7 | 30 | 1020 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
# Ebba von Sydow

Ebba von Sydow (born 18 February 1981) is a Swedish journalist, author, columnist, and TV personality who also runs one of Sweden's most influential fashion and lifestyle blogs.

## Early life

Ebba von Sydow was born on 18 February 1981 in Gothenburg, Sweden.
Ebba is the great-granddaughter of the former Swedish Prime Minister, Oscar von Sydow. She is related to actor Max von Sydow and Social Democratic politician Björn von Sydow.

## Career

Ebba von Sydow studied journalism in Boston, Massachusetts where she hosted a weekly radio show. She then went to law school in Stockholm. In 2001, she started working as a fashion reporter and columnist for the evening paper Expressen. She went on to become editor-in-chief of Expressen Fredag.
In 2005, she became editor-in-chief of the long-running Swedish fashion and lifestyle magazine VeckoRevyn. Prior to that she also worked at the music magazine Groove. She has also worked for Swedish national radio, SR P3.
In the summer of 2010, she hosted the broadcasts Wedding of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, and Daniel Westling, for national television in Sweden.
Ebba presented the early night show Gokväll on Saturdays on SVT, Sweden's biggest network. She left the show in May 2015. She then went on to present the morning show Nyhetsmorgon broadcast on TV4.
# Max Orville

Max-Léo Orville (born 1962) is an Ivory Coast-born French politician from the Democratic Movement (MoDem) who served as a Member of the European Parliament from 2022 to 2024.

## Political career

Orville was candidate in the 2021 French regional elections in Martinique.
Orville joined the European Parliament in May 2022; replacing Chrysoula Zacharopoulou who was appointed to the Borne government. In parliament, he served on the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs and the Special Committee on the COVID-19 Pandemic.
# Carl Thompson (heavy person)

Carl Thompson (born 1982) was the heaviest man in the USA, weighing 413 kg (65 st 1 lb; 911 lb) at the time of his death.

## Biography

Thompson, of Dover, Kent, was eating heavily at the age of three or four years, sneaking downstairs and eating from the cupboards. At the same age, he took food from his neighbour's freezer. He attended Harbour Specialist School in Dover.
In 2012, his 54-year-old mother died of brain cancer and Thompson said that depression led him to increase his weight from 35 to 65 stone (490 to 910 lb; 220 to 410 kg). He consumed 10,000 calories a day, four times his recommended intake. His food cost £200 per week, including paying takeaway owners to let themselves into his flat to deliver meals to his bed, using spare keys he had made for them.
Thompson could not wear clothes. He last left his flat on crutches on his birthday in 2014, when he weighed 56 stone (780 lb; 360 kg).
In his last year, Thompson was alone and entirely bedridden. He had twice-daily visits from carers to dress and bathe him. He also suffered five heart attacks. Thompson refused a gastric band and said he intended to diet and exercise; doctors told him he must reduce his weight to 20 stone (280 lb; 130 kg) to survive.
In April 2015, he appeared via video link on the ITV show This Morning, where Dr. Dawn Harper told him that he was suffering from other people's kindness. Thompson said that he used his weight to tell others not to follow his example. After the television appearance he received support from local people, including someone who sent him healthier meals.

## Death

Kent Police were informed of Thompson's death at 10:38 a.m. on 21 June 2015 at 33 years old. It took six hours (including time taken to remove a wall) for three undertakers, two police officers and firemen to remove his body.
# Obusier de 105 modèle 1950

The Obusier de 105 modèle 1950 was a French Howitzer designed and built after World War II for the French Army.

## History

After World War I the French Army had large numbers of artillery pieces that could trace their origins back to the turn of the century. In the years between the two world wars a number of factors conspired to hinder the modernization of French artillery such as limited budgets, competing priorities (fortifications, tanks, navy, and aircraft), large stocks of ammunition, large stocks of spare guns and complacency about the effectiveness of existing weaponry. These factors meant that France went into World War II with large numbers of old artillery and modernization efforts mainly focused on converting older guns to use motor traction (sprung suspension and pneumatic tires) instead of horse traction.
In the aftermath of World War II, the French Army was equipped with a variety of weaponry. There were French, British, German and US weapons in use. In 1946 DEFA (Direction des Études et Fabrications d'Armament) began a design study to build a new 105 mm howitzer for the French Army to replace its assortment of weapons. It would be the first 105 mm gun designed and built in Western Europe after World War II.

## Design

The mle 1950 would be a departure from previous designs because it would feature a three outrigger tripod carriage which was more common for anti-aircraft guns than howitzers. For travel, the gun was towed by one rearward facing outrigger which had a towing eye and two outriggers folded forward for the barrel to rest on. The carriage also had a two-wheeled torsion bar suspension and a curved three-piece gun shield for the crew. Once in firing position, the wheels were raised and the outriggers were spread to form a Y. This allowed a wide range of elevation -7° to +70° as well as 360° traverse similar to the Soviet D30 howitzer. However, unlike the D-30 the mle 1950 had a hydro-pneumatic recoil system mounted below the barrel, it had a double-baffle muzzle brake, and there wasn't a towing eye on the barrel.

## Self-propelled artillery

In addition to its towed version the mle 1950 was the primary armament of the Mk 61 105 mm self-propelled howitzer. This consisted of a mle 1950 mounted in a large non-traversing armored casemate on an AMX-13 light tank chassis.

## Users

* Cameroon
* France
* Guinea
* Israel
* Ivory Coast
* Morocco
# Łubieniec

Łubieniec is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Studzienice, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Studzienice, 6 km (4 mi) east of Bytów, and 73 km (45 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Go Health

Go Health is an Australian health educational television program aimed at 4-14 year olds. It screened on channel 9 and some regional stations before also being screened by the ABC. The series was produced by Health Media Productions and funded by the Department of Health. As at June 1983, nearly 400 episodes had been created.
# Iodous acid

Iodous acid is the chemical compound with the formula HIO$_2$. Its salts are named iodites; these are exceedingly unstable and have been observed but never isolated. They will rapidly disproportionate to molecular iodine and iodates.

## Other oxyacids

Iodous acid is part of a series of oxyacids in which iodine can assume oxidation states of −1, +1, +3, +5, or +7. A number of neutral iodine oxides are also known.
| Iodine oxidation state | −1 | +1 | +3 | +5 | +7 |
| Name | Hydrogen iodide | Hypoiodous acid | Iodous acid | Iodic acid | Periodic acid |
| Formula | HI | HIO | HIO$_2$ | HIO$_3$ | HIO$_4$ or H$_5$IO$_6$ |
# Cornelius A. Pickett

Cornelius Augustus Pickett (December 22, 1902 – March 22, 1990), commonly known as Neal Pickett, was a politician and former mayor of Houston, Texas, USA, from 1941 to 1943.

## Personal life

He was born to Cornelius D. Pickett and Margaret Moody Pickett in Houston. Pickett married Margaret Yarborough on April 18, 1927, with whom he had three children, Margaret Ann, Patricia Jane and Neal Yarborough Pickett.

## Career

In 1916, he organized a troop of Boy Scouts in Brazoria, Texas, and served as patrol leader. From 1927 to 1930, Pickett was manager of the Chamber of Commerce of Mount Pleasant, Texas. He was secretary-manager of Houston Insurance Exchange from 1930 to 1935. He was executive vice president of the Lumberman's Association of Texas from 1935 to 1941. He was the mayor of Houston from January 1941 to January 1943. From 1943 to 1946, he worked for military welfare at the American Red Cross. He was vice president of Realty Mortgage Corporation from 1946 to 1961, director of the Federal Housing Administration from 1961 to 1967, and the first executive director of the Deep East Texas Development Council from 1967 to 1972. He was also involved in such organizations as the Houston Area Federal Business Association, the Hodgkin's Disease Memorial Research Center and the Texas and Harris County Young Democrats.
Political offices :
| Preceded byOscar F. Holcombe | Mayor of Houston, Texas 1941–1943 | Succeeded byOtis Massey |
# Astana Botanical Garden

The Astana Botanical Garden (Kazakh: Астана ботаникалық бағы) is the largest botanical garden in the city of Astana, Kazakhstan, which features a pond with fountains and three bridges. About 9,000 trees and shrubs from Europe, Asia and North America have been planted, with bicycle and jogging paths laid among the green areas. The Botanical Garden is also used as a venue for city celebrations.

## History

The idea of creating a Botanical Garden in the city appeared at the end of the 2000s. In 2012, a large subbotnik took place, at which the Astana citizens, together with the President Nursultan Nazarbayev, planted the first batch of seedlings in front of the Astana Arena stadium.
The construction of the garden began in 2016 and was originally planned to be completed by the opening of Expo 2017. However it was delayed and eventually was opened on 2 July 2018 to coincide the 20th anniversary of Capital City Day. The opening ceremony was attended by President Nazarbayev. The cost of the project amounted to 23 billion tenge ($35 million), where about 12 billion tenge was allocated by private investments.
# Oberhausen Manifesto

The Oberhausen Manifesto was a declaration by a group of 26 young West German filmmakers at the International Short Film Festival Oberhausen, North Rhine-Westphalia on 28 February 1962. The manifesto was a call to arms to establish a "new [West] German feature film". It was initiated by Haro Senft and among the signatories were the directors Alexander Kluge and Edgar Reitz. The manifesto was associated with the motto "Papas Kino ist tot" (Papa's cinema is dead), although this phrase does not appear in the manifesto itself.
The signatories to the 1962 manifesto became known as the Oberhausen Group and are seen as important forerunners of the New German Cinema that began later in the decade. Their names are:
* Bodo Blüthner
* Boris von Borresholm
* Christian Doermer
* Bernhard Dörries
* Heinz Furchner
* Rob Houwer
* Ferdinand Khittl
* Alexander Kluge
* Pitt Koch
* Walter Krüttner
* Dieter Lemmel
* Hans Loeper
* Ronald Martini
* Hansjürgen Pohland
* Raimund Ruehl
* Edgar Reitz
* Peter Schamoni
* Detten Schleiermacher
* Fritz Schwennicke
* Haro Senft
* Franz-Josef Spieker
* Hans Rolf Strobel
* Heinz Tichawsky
* Wolfgang Urchs
* Herbert Vesely
* Wolf Wirth
The Oberhausen Group were awarded the Deutscher Filmpreis in 1982.
A second 'Oberhausen manifesto' was published in 1965, partly in reaction to perceptions of continued conservatism in the German film industry. Led by the radical French director Jean-Marie Straub, this declaration was also signed by Rudolf Thome, Dirk Alvermann, Klaus Lemke, Peter Nestler, Reinald Schnell, Dieter Süverkrüp, Kurt Ulrich, and Max Zihlmann.
# Bak–Sneppen model

The Bak–Sneppen model is a simple model of co-evolution between interacting species. It was developed to show how self-organized criticality may explain key features of the fossil record, such as the distribution of sizes of extinction events and the phenomenon of punctuated equilibrium. It is named after Per Bak and Kim Sneppen.
The model dynamics repeatedly eliminates the least adapted species and mutates it and its neighbors to recreate the interaction between species. A comprehensive study of the details of this model can be found in Phys. Rev. E 53, 414–443 (1996). A solvable version of the model has been proposed in Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 348–351 (1996), which shows that the dynamics evolves sub-diffusively, driven by a long-range memory.
An evolutionary local search heuristic based on the Bak–Sneppen model, called extremal optimization, has been introduced in Boettcher, Stefan; Percus, Allon (2000). "Nature's way of optimizing". Artificial Intelligence. 119 (1–2): 275–286. arXiv:cond-mat/9901351. doi:10.1016/S0004-3702(00)00007-2. S2CID 7128022. The Bak–Sneppen model has been applied to the theory of scientific progress.

## Description

We consider N species, which are associated with a fitness factor f(i). They are indexed by integers i around a ring. The algorithm consists in choosing the least fit species, and then replacing it and its two closest neighbors (previous and next integer) by new species, with a new random fitness. After a long run there will be a minimum required fitness, below which species don't survive. These "long-run" events are referred to as avalanches, and the model proceeds through these avalanches until it reaches a state of relative stability where all species' fitness are above a certain threshold.
# Chiara Tiddi

Chiara Tiddi (born 16 December 1988) is an Italian field hockey player.
Tiddi is the current captain of the Italian national team, and made her senior international debut in 2012.
# Łupawsko

Łupawsko is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czarna Dąbrówka, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south of Czarna Dąbrówka, 18 km (11 mi) north of Bytów, and 69 km (43 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
# Peleg Sprague (New Hampshire politician)

Peleg Sprague (December 10, 1756 – April 20, 1800) was a politician from the U.S. state of New Hampshire.
Sprague was born in Rochester in the Province of Massachusetts Bay. He clerked in a store in Littleton, attended Harvard College, and was graduated from Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1783. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1785, and commenced practice in Winchendon, Massachusetts. He moved to Keene, New Hampshire, in 1787. He was selectman 1789–1791; county solicitor for Cheshire County in 1794; and member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1797.
Sprague was elected as a Federalist Party to the 5th United States Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Jeremiah Smith, serving from December 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799. He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1798.
Sprague died in Keene, New Hampshire, and was interred there in the Washington Street Cemetery.
# Richard H. Fonville

Richard Henry Fonville (April 30, 1882 – December 13, 1954) was an American politician and pharmacist who served as the 46th Mayor of Houston from 1937 to 1939.

## Mayoralty

Fonville defeated incumbent Oscar F. Holcombe and took office in 1937. During his term as mayor, the City of Houston Fire Station No. 11 was built. Today, it is the only historic Art Deco-style fire station remaining in Houston and one of the last remaining examples of civic architecture in Houston dating from the early 20th century. In 1938, Fonville announced a roundup of the prostitutes in Houston at the old Jefferson Davis Hospital, the purpose of this act was to check for venereal diseases. On July 30, 1938, he renamed the Houston Municipal Airport as the "Howard Hughes Airport" as part of the welcoming ceremony at the Houston Hughes homecoming.

## Personal life

Fonville married Clara McCormick in 1926. He died at his Eagle Lake hunting lodge of a heart ailment on December 13, 1954. In 1960, Fonville Middle School in Houston was posthumously named after him.
# Shujauddin Butt

Shujauddin Butt (10 April 1930 – 7 February 2006) was a Pakistani army officer and cricketer who played in 19 Tests from 1954 to 1962.
He served in the Pakistan Army for 26 years, retiring as a lieutenant colonel in 1978. In 1955 he toured India with the Pakistan national team. He was educated at Islamia College, Lahore. In 1971 he was captured during the Bangladesh war and held as a prisoner-of-war in India for 18 months.
He managed Pakistan's tours to Australia and the West Indies in 1976–77. He wrote two books of Pakistan cricket history, From Babes of Cricket to World Champions (1996) and The Chequered History of Pakistan Cricket (2003), with Mohammed Salim Parvez.
Butt died in London on 7 February 2006.
# George E. Newell

George Edward Newell (last name possibly Newall) was a Michigan politician. He was a member of the Masons, the Grand Army of the Republic and a Knight of the Maccabbes.

## Early life

Newall was born to Thomas and Sarah (Bowden) Newall on September 18, 1842, in Flushing, Genesee County. His family move to Flint while he was young. At age fourteen, he left school to work in a planing mill. He served in the Civil War as a Lieutenant of Company A, Eighth Michigan Infantry from June 19, 1861, to September 10, 1862. He was a captain until March 9, 1863. In 1863, he married Sarah H. Freeman, with whom he had two sons.

## Political life

Newell entered public service as Flint's Postmaster and held the position of School Director and city supervisor of Flint's First Ward. He was elected as the Mayor of the City of Flint in 1883 serving a 1-year term.

## Post-Political life

Newall died on September 10, 1916.
Political offices :
| Preceded byWilliam A. Atwood | Mayor of Flint 1883-84 | Succeeded byWilliam W. Joyner |
# Costanza Ferro

Costanza Ferro (born 5 July 1993) is an Italian synchronized swimmer. She competed in the women's duet at the 2016 Summer Olympics. and Duet at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Ferro is an athlete of the Gruppo Sportivo della Marina Militare,
# Łuszczyn, Pomeranian Voivodeship

Łuszczyn is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Rzeczenica, within Człuchów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) west of Rzeczenica, 26 km (16 mi) north-west of Człuchów, and 124 km (77 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.