# List of Northwest Territories general elections

Image with inadequate rationale removed: [[Image:ElectionsNWTLogo.png|right|400px]] This is a list of territorial elections in Northwest Territories, Canada since 1870. The Northwest Territories operates on a consensus government using the First Past the Post electoral system. The territory does not presently recognize political parties.
The last election was held on November 14, 2023.

## Voting and consensus government

Northwest Territories elects members to the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories under a non-partisan system known as consensus government. The election only decides who represents each district. The newly elected members of the assembly convene after the election to vote amongst themselves to decide which members become part of the Executive Council. This system of government has evolved in the Northwest Territories since 1870.
The voting method to elect members is the first-past-the-post electoral system. Voters under this system pick the top candidate by the number of votes cast regardless of the percent of votes earned by a candidate. With a few historical exceptions all electoral districts in the Northwest Territories are represented by a single member. First Past the Post has been used since the first election in 1881. Elections NWT is the independent regulatory body in charge of overseeing elections.

## History of elections

The Northwest Territories has been through a number of distinct changes in how the territory is governed and how government has been selected. These changes have coincided with several major boundary changes since the Government of Canada acquired the territory in 1870. From 1870 to 1876 the North-West Territories was run by an interim government, first led by lieutenant-governor William McDougall, and a council appointed by Ottawa. This council was governed under the Temporary Government of Rupert's Land Act, 1869 and the Manitoba Act, 1870 The council itself sat in Manitoba and was made up of Members of the Manitoba Legislative Assembly.
In 1876 the Temporary Council was dissolved and a new council was appointed under the North-West Territories Act. Members could be elected to join the council if an area of 1,000 square miles (3,000 km$^2$) had 1,000 inhabitants. The first such electoral districts were created in 1881. According to the Act, when the council reached twenty members, it would gain control of territorial affairs from the crown. The Council achieved this requirement in 1886. The council was renamed to an assembly and was dissolved in 1888. Twelve elections to rotate and elect members to new districts were held during the period between 1876 and 1888.
Five general elections would occur between 1888 and 1905, as the territories underwent significant growth. In 1897 after an amendment to the North-West Territories Act, the territories experienced a short-lived period of partisan politics that led to the North-West Territories Liberal-Conservative Party being elected in the fourth and fifth elections until 1905. The government in this period was made of members from the populated regions in the south. No members from the Arctic region would sit in government until 1947. In 1905, Alberta and Saskatchewan were carved out of the North-West Territories. As a result, the population dropped from approx 160,000 to 17,000, of which 16,000 were aboriginal and had no right to vote under Canadian law. The government of the North-West Territories defaulted back to its 1870 constitutional status, and once again came under federal control. This period of the second council, which governed from Ottawa, lasted from 1905 to 1951.
In 1951, the second council was dissolved in order to return to elections. Rather than being fully elected body, the Councils and Assemblies were a mix of elected and appointed members. After 1975 the Assembly became fully elected. In 1999 the Northwest Territories underwent one last division as the territory of Nunavut was created out of the eastern half of the territory.
The boundary changes have resulted in a disconnect in four periods of the territorial government. The records of the temporary council falls under the archives of the Manitoba government, while the archives and electoral records of the period of government from 1876 to 1905 were retained by the Saskatchewan government. The archives of the council from 1905 to 1951 are under the Canadian Government who appointed the council from that period.
* In 1870, NWT covered much of Canada. The government was in the south part of the territory. A number of boundary changes would occur over the next 35 years but have little effect on the government until 1905.
* The Northwest Territories boundary change in 1905 marked a major shift in the territorial government and demographics of the remaining population.
* The government evolved again under the 1912 to 1999 boundaries. The issue of splitting the territory in half surfaced in the early 1960s.
* The current Northwest Territories as of 1999 was decided by a series of plebiscites and capped over a decade of consultation, committee work and land claim agreements.

## List of elections

| Date | General elections and By-elections prior to 1888 | Assembly | # elected | # elected | Elected leaders | Capital city |
| Temporary North-West Council, no elections from 1870 to 1876 | Temporary North-West Council, no elections from 1870 to 1876 | Temporary North-West Council, no elections from 1870 to 1876 | Temporary North-West Council, no elections from 1870 to 1876 | Temporary North-West Council, no elections from 1870 to 1876 | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Fort Garry |
| 1st Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections from 1876 to 1881 | 1st Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections from 1876 to 1881 | 1st Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections from 1876 to 1881 | 1st Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections from 1876 to 1881 | 1st Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections from 1876 to 1881 | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Fort Livingstone |
| March 23, 1881 | Lorne by-election | 1st Council | 1 | 1 | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Battleford |
| May 29, 1883 | Edmonton by-election | 1st Council | 1 | 1 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Battleford |
| June 5, 1883 | Lorne by-election | 1st Council | 1 | 1 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Battleford |
| August 13, 1883 | Moose Jaw by-election Regina by-election Qu'Appelle by-election | 1st Council | 3 | 3 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Battleford |
| August 31, 1883 | Broadview by-election | 1st Council | 1 | 1 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Battleford |
| June 28, 1884 | Calgary by-election Moose Mountain by-election | 1st Council | 2 | 2 | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Regina |
| September 15, 1885 | 1885 election | 1st Council | 11 | 11 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Regina |
| July 8, 1886 | Moose Mountain by-election | 1st Council | 1 | 1 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Regina |
| July 14, 1886 | Calgary by-election | 1st Council | 2 | 2 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Regina |
| October 14, 1886 | Qu'Appelle by-election | 1st Council | 1 | 1 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Regina |
| May 24, 1887 | Qu'Appelle by-election | 1st Council | 2 | 2 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Regina |
| September 5, 1887 | Macleod by-election | 1st Council | 1 | 1 | | Appointed Lieutenant Governor | Regina |
| June 30, 1888 | 1st general election | 1st N-W Assembly | 22 | 22 | Chairman: Robert Brett | Regina |
| November 7, 1891 | 2nd general election | 2nd N-W Assembly | 25 | 25 | Chairman: Frederick Haultain | Regina |
| October 31, 1894 | 3rd general election | 3rd N-W Assembly | 28 | 28 | | Chairman: Frederick Haultain | Regina |
| November 4, 1898 | 4th general election | 4th N-W Assembly | | Lib-Con. 7 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Robert Brett | Regina |
| November 4, 1898 | 4th general election | 4th N-W Assembly | | Liberal 2 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Robert Brett | Regina |
| November 4, 1898 | 4th general election | 4th N-W Assembly | | Ind. 18 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Robert Brett | Regina |
| November 4, 1898 | 4th general election | 4th N-W Assembly | | Ind. Lib. 3 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Robert Brett | Regina |
| November 4, 1898 | 4th general election | 4th N-W Assembly | | Ind. POI 1 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Robert Brett | Regina |
| May 21, 1902 | 5th general election | 5th N-W Assembly | | Lib-Con. 21 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Donald McDonald | Regina |
| May 21, 1902 | 5th general election | 5th N-W Assembly | | Liberal 7 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Donald McDonald | Regina |
| May 21, 1902 | 5th general election | 5th N-W Assembly | | Ind. 6 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Donald McDonald | Regina |
| May 21, 1902 | 5th general election | 5th N-W Assembly | | Ind. Lib. 1 | Premier: Frederick Haultain Opposition: Donald McDonald | Regina |
| September 1, 1905 | Creation of Alberta and Saskatchewan | Creation of Alberta and Saskatchewan | Creation of Alberta and Saskatchewan | Creation of Alberta and Saskatchewan | Creation of Alberta and Saskatchewan | Creation of Alberta and Saskatchewan |
| 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections 1905 - 1951 | 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections 1905 - 1951 | 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections 1905 - 1951 | 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections 1905 - 1951 | 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories, no elections 1905 - 1951 | Appointed Commissioner | Ottawa |
| September 17, 1951 | 6th general election | 1st NWT Council | 3 | 3 | | Appointed Commissioner | Ottawa |
| September 7, 1954 | 7th general election | 2nd NWT Council | 4 | 4 | | Appointed Commissioner | Ottawa |
| August 19, 1957 | 8th general election | 3rd NWT Council | 4 | 4 | | Appointed Commissioner | Ottawa |
| September 19, 1960 | 9th general election | 4th NWT Council | 4 | 4 | | Appointed Commissioner | Ottawa |
| March 31, 1964 | 10th general election | 5th NWT Council | 4 | 4 | | Appointed Commissioner | Ottawa |
| July 4, 1967 | 11th general election | 6th NWT Council | 7 | 7 | Appointed Commissioner | Yellowknife |
| December 21, 1970 | 12th general election | 7th NWT Council | 10 | 10 | | Appointed Commissioner | Yellowknife |
| March 10, 1975 | 13th general election | 8th NWT Assembly | 15 | 15 | | Appointed Commissioner | Yellowknife |
| October 1, 1979 | 14th general election | 9th NWT Assembly | 22 | 22 | Premier: George Braden | Yellowknife |
| November 21, 1983 | 15th general election | 10th NWT Assembly | 24 | 24 | Premier: Richard Nerysoo | Yellowknife |
| October 5, 1987 | 16th general election | 11th NWT Assembly | 24 | 24 | Premier: Dennis Patterson | Yellowknife |
| October 15, 1991 | 17th general election | 12th NWT Assembly | 24 | 24 | Premier: Nellie Cournoyea | Yellowknife |
| October 16, 1995 | 18th general election | 13th NWT Assembly | 24 | 24 | Premier: Don Morin | Yellowknife |
| April 1, 1999 | Creation of Nunavut | Creation of Nunavut | Creation of Nunavut | Creation of Nunavut | Creation of Nunavut | | | Yellowknife |
| December 6, 1999 | 19th general election | 14th NWT Assembly | 19 | 19 | Premier: Stephen Kakfwi | Yellowknife |
| November 24, 2003 | 20th general election | 15th NWT Assembly | 19 | 19 | Premier: Joe Handley | Yellowknife |
| October 1, 2007 | 21st general election | 16th NWT Assembly | 19 | 19 | Premier: Floyd Roland | Yellowknife |
| October 3, 2011 | 22nd general election | 17th NWT Assembly | 19 | 19 | Premier: Bob McLeod | Yellowknife |
| November 23, 2015 | 23rd general election | 18th NWT Assembly | 19 | 19 | | Premier: Bob McLeod | Yellowknife |
| October 1, 2019 | 24th general election | 19th NWT Assembly | 19 | 19 | Premier: Caroline Cochrane | Yellowknife |
| November 14, 2023 | 25th general election | 20th NWT Assembly | 19 | 19 | Premier: R.J. Simpson | Yellowknife |