OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard Byrnes

Richard Byrnes (1832 – June 10, 1864) was an Irish-American officer in the United States Army, who rose to command the Union Army's Irish Brigade during the American Civil War.

## Life

Byrnes was born in County Cavan, Ireland, and emigrated to New York City in 1844. He enlisted in the regular army of the United States in 1851, joining the 2nd U.S. Cavalry, a regiment then commanded by Colonel E. V. Sumner. In this regiment young Byrnes distinguished himself in the Indian campaigns in Florida and Oregon.
As the American Civil War broke out he was, on the recommendation of Colonel Sumner, commissioned as First Lieutenant in the 5th U.S. Cavalry, one of the new regiments authorized by Congress. He remained with the regiment of regulars through the campaigns of 1861 and 1862, then was appointed to an Irish regiment by Governor John Albion Andrew, Colonel of the 28th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment, of which he took command on October 18, 1862. His new regiment was attached to Thomas Francis Meagher's Irish Brigade the following November, and with it participated in the fierce fighting in which the Army of the Potomac was subsequently engaged.
At its head, Colonel Byrnes charged up the slope of Marye's Heights at the Battle of Fredericksburg, and after it, like the other regiments of the brigade, had been almost wiped out in the sanguinary conflicts at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, he was sent back to Massachusetts to recruit its ranks during the winter and spring of 1863 and 1864. When the campaign reopened in May, he returned to the front and as the senior officer took command of the Irish Brigade.
Two weeks after assuming command, on June 3, 1864, Colonel Byrnes fell, mortally wounded, while leading the brigade during the attack on the entrenchments at Cold Harbor, Virginia. He lived long enough to be conveyed to Washington, where his wife reached him before he died. His commission as brigadier general had just been made out by President Abraham Lincoln, but he was dead before it could be officially presented to him, and so the promotion never took effect. His remains were sent to New York and buried in Calvary Cemetery.
# El Gran Espectaculo (The Nile)

El Gran Espectaculo (The Nile) also known as Untitled (History of the Black People), is a painting created by American artist Jean-Michel Basquiat in 1983. The artwork references Ancient Egypt and Southern United States culture to critique the Western society's understanding of history and its forgetfulness towards slavery.
The painting was sold at Christie's for $67.1 million in May 2023. It was previously owned by fashion designer Valentino Garavani.

## Analysis

History of the Black People is made up of three canvases attached to hinged wooden board. According to Andrea Frohne, the painting "reclaims Egyptians as African and subverts the concept of ancient Egypt as the cradle of Western Civilization".
At the center of the painting, Basquiat depicts an Egyptian boat being guided down the Nile River by Osiris, the Egyptian god of the earth and vegetation. On the right panel of the painting, the words "ESCLAVE, SLAVE, ESCLAVE" appear on top of a black figure. Two letters of the word "NILE" are crossed out and Frohne suggests that, "The letters that are wiped out and scribbled over perhaps reflect the acts of historians who have conveniently forgotten that Egyptians were black and blacks were enslaved." On the left panel of the painting Basquiat has illustrated two Nubian-style masks under the word "NUBA". Nubians historically were darker in skin color, and were considered to be slaves by the Egyptian people.
Basquiat often incorporated Spanish words into his works as seen with "MUJER" (woman) written between the bottom mask and the silhouette of a woman. Charles M. Tatum, editor for Encyclopedia of Latino Culture, analyzed that "The Nile relates symbols from Basquiat's heritage, such as Spanish words and African masks, to the tumultuous experience of modern-day street life."
Throughout the rest of the painting, Basquiat highlights the "commercial exploitation of black people." Images of the Atlantic slave trade are juxtaposed like hieroglyphics alongside images of the Egyptian slave trade centuries before. The repetition of the word "SICKLE" in the center panel is a direct reference to the slave trade in the United States, and slave labor under the plantation system. It may also refer to the illness sickle cell anemia, which is more common in African Americans in the United States compared to other ethnicities. The word "SALT" that appears on the right panel of the work refers to the Atlantic slave trade, as salt was another important commodity traded at that time. The phrase "EL GRAN ESPECTACULO" (the grand spectacle) stretched across the top of the painting, an "ironic commentary on a shameful, centuries-long tragedy."

## Exhibitions

El Gran Espectaculo (The Nile) was first exhibited in a show organized by Paige Powell in April 1983. Since then it has been included in various shows internationally, including retrospectives at the Whitney Museum in 1992 and the Brooklyn Museum in 2005.
# Weightlifting at the 2002 Asian Games – Men's 69 kg

The men's 69 kilograms event at the 2002 Asian Games took place on October 3, 2002 at Pukyong National University Gymnasium.

## Schedule

All times are Korea Standard Time (UTC+09:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Thursday, 3 October 2002 | 18:00 | Group A |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world, Asian and Games records were as follows.
| World Record | Snatch | Georgi Markov (BUL) | 165.0 kg | Sydney, Australia | 20 September 2000 |
| World Record | Clean & Jerk | Galabin Boevski (BUL) | 196.5 kg | Sydney, Australia | 20 September 2000 |
| World Record | Total | Galabin Boevski (BUL) | 357.5 kg | Athens, Greece | 24 November 1999 |
| Asian Record | Snatch | Wan Jianhui (CHN) | 158.0 kg | Lahti, Finland | 12 November 1998 |
| Asian Record | Clean & Jerk | Kim Hak-bong (KOR) | 195.0 kg | Bangkok, Thailand | 9 December 1998 |
| Asian Record | Total | Wan Jianhui (CHN) | 342.5 kg | Wuhan, China | 31 August 1999 |
| Games Record | Snatch | Wan Jianhui (CHN) | 155.0 kg | Bangkok, Thailand | 9 December 1998 |
| Games Record | Clean & Jerk | Kim Hak-bong (KOR) | 195.0 kg | Bangkok, Thailand | 9 December 1998 |
| Games Record | Total | Wan Jianhui (CHN) | 340.0 kg | Bangkok, Thailand | 9 December 1998 |

## Results
### Legend

* NM — No mark
| Rank | Athlete | Body weight | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total |
| Rank | Athlete | Body weight | 1 | 2 | 3 | Result | 1 | 2 | 3 | Result | Total |
| | Zhang Guozheng (CHN) | 68.85 | 150.0 | 155.0 | 160.0 | 155.0 | 185.0 | 190.0 | 197.5 | 190.0 | 345.0 |
| | Erwin Abdullah (INA) | 68.15 | 142.5 | 142.5 | 147.5 | 142.5 | 185.0 | 190.0 | 190.0 | 190.0 | 332.5 |
| | Mehdi Panzvan (IRI) | 68.00 | 145.0 | 145.0 | 150.0 | 150.0 | 175.0 | 180.0 | 180.0 | 175.0 | 325.0 |
| 4 | Fadel Nasser Sarouf (QAT) | 68.60 | 150.0 | 150.0 | 155.0 | 155.0 | 170.0 | 180.0 | 180.0 | 170.0 | 325.0 |
| 5 | Alexandr Okhremenko (KAZ) | 68.50 | 135.0 | 135.0 | 142.5 | 142.5 | 170.0 | 175.0 | 182.5 | 175.0 | 317.5 |
| 6 | Sukhrob Raupov (UZB) | 69.00 | 135.0 | 140.0 | 145.0 | 145.0 | 160.0 | 170.0 | 175.0 | 170.0 | 315.0 |
| 7 | Manas Alibaev (KGZ) | 68.25 | 137.5 | 142.5 | 142.5 | 137.5 | 155.0 | 160.0 | 165.0 | 165.0 | 302.5 |
| 8 | Makhmudjon Togoev (UZB) | 68.25 | 125.0 | 132.5 | 135.0 | 125.0 | 150.0 | 160.0 | 160.0 | 150.0 | 275.0 |
| 9 | Nyamlkhagvaagiin Ganbaatar (MGL) | 68.85 | 110.0 | 115.0 | 117.5 | 117.5 | 135.0 | 135.0 | 140.0 | 135.0 | 252.5 |
| 10 | Furas Wegdan (YEM) | 67.30 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 110.0 | 100.0 | 130.0 | 135.0 | 137.5 | 130.0 | 230.0 |
| 11 | Jasim Al-Nahham (BRN) | 68.45 | 100.0 | 110.0 | 110.0 | 100.0 | 120.0 | 125.0 | 130.0 | 125.0 | 225.0 |
| — | Lee Bae-young (KOR) | 68.80 | 145.0 | 150.0 | 152.5 | 150.0 | 185.0 | 185.0 | 185.0 | — | NM |
| — | Kuo Cheng-wei (TPE) | 68.45 | 132.5 | 132.5 | 135.0 | 132.5 | 162.5 | 162.5 | 162.5 | — | NM |

## New records

The following records were established during the competition.
| Total | 345.0 | Zhang Guozheng (CHN) | AR |
# Catherine and Her Destiny

Catherine and her Destiny is an Italian fairy tale collected by Thomas Frederick Crane in Italian Popular Tales, and included by Andrew Lang in The Pink Fairy Book. It is classified as Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index as ATU 938, "Placidas" (Eustacius):

## Synopsis

Catherine was a rich merchant's beautiful daughter. One day a woman appeared to her and asked whether she would rather be happy in her youth or in her old age. Catherine decided on old age, and the woman, who was Catherine's Destiny, vanished. Shortly, Catherine's father lost his wealth and died. Catherine attempted to enter into service, but whenever someone hired her, her Destiny appeared and tore the home to pieces when Catherine there alone, she fled from fear that she would be blamed.
After seven years, her Destiny stopped, and she became the servant of a woman who had her bring loaves of bread every day to the woman's Destiny . One day, the woman asked her why she wept so often, and Catherine told her story. The woman told her, the next time, to ask her Destiny to ask Catherine's to stop these persecutions. The next day after she asked, the woman's Destiny brought her to her own, who gave her a skein of silk.
One day, the young king was to be married. His wedding garment was rich, but when the tailor was almost done with it, the silk ran out, and no more could be found that color. A proclamation declared that whoever brought such thread to the castle would receive a large sum, and the woman, who had seen the garment, told Catherine that her skein was the right color. Catherine brought it, and the court proposed that she should receive its weight in gold. But when it was put in the scale, no matter how much gold was added, the scales were not balanced with all the royal treasure until the king threw in his crown.
The king demanded to know of her where she had gotten the silk, and she told her story. A wise lady at court said that it was clear that her happy days were to begin, and that the scales were not balanced until the crown was added, was proof that she would be a queen. The king declared that she would be his queen, and married her instead of the bride he had intended, and Catherine lived happily ever after.

## Motifs

The choice of destiny features in the fairy tale The Slave Mother and also such chivalric romances as Sir Isumbras.
The woman trapped by a fortune who must be persuaded to treat her better features in such tales as Misfortune and The Ill-Fated Princess -- even to the means of receiving something that is needed to sew a royal garment.
In a Belarusian variant of the tale, the choice is given to a married couple right after their wedding. They are separated soon after, with the husband ending up as a day laborer, while his wife changes a large number of jobs before finding one as a servant in the house of an old childless nobleman. Her and the husband reunite right before the nobleman dies, his last will naming her as the only heir.
# Susan Stone (athlete)

Susan K. Stone (b. Aug. 29, 1960) is a former Canadian athlete who competed in middle and long distance races. She became the Canadian National Champion in the 10K in 1988 after only beginning to run in 1983.
Stone became a prominent runner along with international competitors Zhong Huandi, Marguerite Buist, Ellen Rochefort, Sissel Grottenberg, and Odette Lapierre. She was ninth at the 1988 Boston Marathon, 7th at the 1986 Osaka Women's Marathon (in Japan), 13th at the 1987 London Marathon, 13th at the 1986 New York City Marathon and 13th at the 1985 Chicago Marathon. Stone was selected for the Canadian team at the 1987 World Championship Marathon and the 1989 World Cross Country Championships.
She is the winner of the 1985 and 1987 Around the Bay Road Race, the 1986 and 1988 Subaru 4-Mile Chase (in Buffalo, New York), the 1985 Grandma's Marathon, the 1988 Toronto Marathon, the 1984 Avon Women's NYC Half Marathon, and was second at the 1984 Marine Corps Marathon. She continued to run and compete in age categories (masters) after taking time off to further her teaching career and to raise a family.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Canada ||||||
| 1989 | Chicago Marathon | Chicago, Illinois | 16th | Marathon | 2:45:47 |
| 1989 | World Cross Country Championships | Stavanger, Norway | 30th | 6K | 23:47 |
| 1988 | Toronto Marathon | Toronto, Canada | 1st | Marathon | 2:40:38 |
| 1988 | Boston Marathon | Boston, Massachusetts | 9th | Marathon | 2:38:48 |
| 1988 | Canadian Championships | Toronto, Canada | 1st | 10K | 33:56 |
| 1987 | Around the Bay Road Race | Hamilton, Canada | 1st | 30K | 1:51:37 |
| 1987 | World Championships | Rome, Italy | DNF | Marathon | n/a |
| 1987 | London Marathon | London, England | 13th | Marathon | 2:37:16 |
| 1986 | New York City Marathon | New York, New York | 13th | Marathon | 2:39:05 |
| 1985 | Chicago Marathon | Chicago, Illinois | 13th | Marathon | 2:38:48 |
| 1985 | Grandma's Marathon | Duluth, Minnesota | 1st | Marathon | 2:39:45 |
| 1985 | Around the Bay Road Race | Hamilton, Canada | 1st | 30K | 1:53:23 |
| 1984 | Marine Corps Marathon | Washington, DC | 2nd | Marathon | 2:45:47 |
| 1984 | Avon Women's Half Marathon | New York, New York | 1st | Half Marathon | 1:17:15 |
# Anchor Brewery

The Anchor Brewery was a brewery in Park Street, Southwark, London, England. Established in 1616, by the early nineteenth century it was the largest brewery in the world. From 1781 it was operated by Barclay Perkins & Co, who in 1955 merged with the Courage Brewery, which already owned the nearby Anchor Brewhouse. The Park Street brewery was demolished in 1981.

## History

The brewery was established in 1616 by James Monger Sr. in Southwark, on land adjacent to the Globe Theatre. On his death, the brewery passed to his godson, James Monger Jr. James Child acquired the brewery after the younger Monger's death in 1670, and owned it until his death in 1696. His son in law, Edmund Halsey, managed the business with James Child from 1693, and subsequently as sole proprietor until his death in 1729. The brewery was then purchased by Ralph Thrale, the brewery manager and a nephew of Halsey, for £30,000 in instalments over 11 years.
Barclay Perkins & Co was founded in July 1781 after chief clerk John Perkins and Robert Barclay (of the banking family) acquired the Anchor Brewery from Henry Thrale's widow, Hester for £135,000, to be paid over four years. They additionally paid her for permission to keep using the Thrale & Co name until 1795.$^{:223}$ In 1782, 85,700 barrels were brewed.
By 1809 the venture had an annual output of 260,000 barrels, making it the largest brewery in the world. Between 1809 and 1853 the Anchor had the largest output of any brewery in London. The brewery produced exclusively porter until 1834, when it began to brew pale ale.
A fire at the brewery in May 1832, caused £40,000 worth of damage, destroying many buildings and resulting in considerable rebuilding of the site. The new brewery attracted considerable interest: visitors included the Prince of Wales, the German statesman Otto von Bismarck, Prince Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, the Austrian general Julius Jacob von Haynau, who was attacked by draymen while touring the brewery in 1850, and the Italian nationalist Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1864.
In 1867, Barclay Perkins brewed 423,000 barrels.
Barclay Perkins was an early adopter of lager production in the UK, with the Anchor brewing lager from 1922.
In 1955, Barclay Perkins merged with rival London brewer Courage. Brewing continued at the Anchor site until the early 1970s. In 1981 the brewery buildings were demolished, although the former brewery tap, the Anchor Tavern, remains.
The brewery was well known for its Russian Imperial Stout, which continued to be brewed by Courage and later Scottish & Newcastle until 1993.
The nearby Anchor Terrace was built in 1834, after the fire of 1832, for senior employees of the brewery and stands on top of William Shakespeare's original Globe Theatre.
# Gimmeldingen

49°22′36″N 8°09′08″E﻿ / ﻿49.37667°N 8.15222°E﻿ / 49.37667; 8.15222
Gimmeldingen is a village of 2636 inhabitants (as of 2004) and part of the town of Neustadt an der Weinstraße in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
The beginnings of Gimmeldingen and the neighbouring village of Lobloch (which used to be connected) can be traced back to Roman settlements as early as the year 325. It is first documented in writing as "Gomeltingen" in 1109.
Gimmeldingen is best known for the yearly "Mandelblütenfestival" (almond blossom festival) which celebrates the blossoming of almond trees in spring. It is the oldest festival of its kind and opens the wine festival season ("Weinfestsaison") in Germany. The first instance of the festival is documented as taking place on the 15th of April in 1934.

## Wine

Gimmeldingen is located in the Palatinate wine region. The village lends its name to the collective vineyard site (Großlage) Gimmeldinger Meerspinne, covering vineyards in several surrounding villages.
Gimmeldingen has one vineyard classified as Große Lage, the highest level, by the grower organisation VDP, Mandelgarten.
# Nikolai Kormiltsev

Nikolai Viktorovich Kormiltsev (Russian: Николай Викторович Кормильцев; born 14 March 1946) was Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces from 2001 to 2004, before being replaced by Alexey Maslov.

## Biography

Kormiltsev was born on 14 March 1946 in Omsk, joining the Soviet Army in 1965 and graduating from the Omsk Higher Combined Arms Command School four years later. In 1978, he graduated from the Frunze Military Academy and became a deputy division commander. Kormiltsev later became the division commander, leading it during the Soviet–Afghan War. After returning from Afghanistan, he took command of a district training center in Omsk, part of the Siberian Military District.
In 1990, Kormiltsev graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff, and became commander of the 36th Army Corps of the Turkestan Military District, which became the shortlived 52nd Army between July 1992 and May 1993. He was appointed to command the 5th Army in 1993.
In November 1994, Kormiltsev became First Deputy Commander of the Transbaikal Military District, taking command of the district in September 1996. When in December 1998, by unifying the Siberian Military District and the Trans-Baikal Military District, a unified Siberian Military District was established with headquarters in Chita, Kormiltsev was appointed commander of the troops of this district. After the Main Command of the Ground Forces was abolished in 1997, he criticized the move and supported the recreation of the Main Command.
In April 2001, the Main Command was reformed, and then-Colonel General Kormiltsev became Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces. He simultaneously became a deputy Minister of Defense. On 11 June 2003, he was promoted to Army General. In October 2004, Kormiltsev resigned from his position as a result of a disagreement with Minister of Defense Sergei Ivanov and Chief of the General Staff Yuri Baluyevsky over the next military reform.
# Hassan Ferdos

Amir Hassan Ferdos (29 September 1929 – 1997) was an Iranian lightweight weightlifter. In 1951 he won a gold medal at the Asian Games and a bronze at the world championships. Next year he placed fifth at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Tara Croxford

Tara Joy Berrett (née Croxford, born January 7, 1968, in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a former field hockey player from Canada. She represented her native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, where she ended up in seventh place with the Canadian National Team. She is married to veteran race walker and former Olympian Tim Berrett.
# Jerzy Cynk

Jerzy Bogdan Cynk (11 May 1925 – 18 November 2016) was a Polish-British historian, journalist and writer, author of numerous English and Polish language publications on aviation of Poland.
During World War II he was a soldier of the Szare Szeregi and the Home Army. Arrested by the Gestapo in 1943, he was imprisoned in the infamous Pawiak prison and then sent to Auschwitz concentration camp. Transferred to Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg he was liberated by American forces on 3 May 1945. In September of that year he joined the Polish II Corps and briefly served in counter-intelligence in Northern Italy. In 1947 he moved to Bodney in the United Kingdom and then settled in London. Working for various BOC branches, he devoted most of his spare time to studies on Polish aviation history, notably the history of Polish armed forces during World War II.
Since 1953 he started publishing articles in Flight and numerous other journals, including L'Fanatique de l'Aviation, Aerospace Historian, Air Power, Skrzydła and Air Progress. He also authored Poland-related chapters of Jane's All the World's Aircraft (1953/54 and 1963/64 editions). After 1956 his articles started to be published also in Poland, notably in Skrzydlata Polska. He also collaborated regularly with the Polish Section of BBC and the Radio Free Europe.
Apart from being a co-author of several aviation encyclopaedias (including Combat Aircraft of the World and The Lore of Flight), he authored and published numerous books on Polish civil and military aviation, as well as Polish aeroplanes.
# Veena Misra

Veena Misra is an academic electrical engineer whose research has spanned a range of scales from forming individual circuit components out of semiconductors to wearable technology. She is MC Dean Distinguished University Professor at North Carolina State University, and was named head of the university's Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in 2024.
Misra was an electrical engineering student at North Carolina State University, where she earned a bachelor's degree in 1991, a master's degree in 1992, and a Ph.D. in 1995. She spent three years in industry before returning to NC State as a faculty member in 1998.
Misra was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2012 for her contributions to metal electrodes and high-K dielectrics for CMOS applications.
# Macroscelides

Macroscelides is a genus of small shrew-like animals, the round-eared sengis (also called elephant shrews), found in western Namibia and in South Africa; they are members of the clade Afrotheria.
There are three known species:
* Namib round-eared sengi, Macroscelides flavicaudatus
* Etendaka round-eared sengi, Macroscelides micus, which is only found in gravel plains in the Etendaka formation of north-west Namibia
* Karoo round-eared sengi, or short-eared elephant shrew, Macroscelides proboscideus
# Frank Barberich

Frank Frederick Barberich (February 3, 1882 – May 1, 1965) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Boston Doves (1907) and Boston Red Sox (1910). Barberich was a switch-hitter and threw right-handed.