OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sam Joseph Ntiro

Sam Joseph Ntiro (20 April 1923 – 1 January 1993) was an artist and the first East African High Commissioner to the Court of Saint James in London from the then republic of Tanganyika Territory to the United Kingdom. He served from independence in 1961 until 1964. He was also Ambassador of Tanganyika to Ireland during this period.

## Early life and education

He was born in the Machame area of Hai District, the village of Ndereny, the Parish of Nkuu. This is in the Kilimanjaro Region of Northwest Tanzania on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. Professor Ntiro attended Ndereny Nkuu Primary School and had his Junior Secondary and Senior Secondary Education at Old Moshi Secondary school in the Marangu area. Throughout his life Professor Ntiro spoke fluent English, Swahili, Kimachame and Kimarangu. he had a working knowledge of Runyoro, Luganda, French, German and Italian.
Sam Joseph Ntiro had his tertiary education at Makerere College of the University of East Africa, then affiliated to the University of London, where he studied Art and Education. He did postgraduate work at the Slade College of Fine Art, University of London.

## Career

He taught at Makerere College (now Makerere University), Kyambogo Technical Institute (now Kyambogo University) and the University of Dar es Salaam, where he helped establish the Department of Music, Arts and Culture. In Dar es Salaam he was Resident Artist, Senior Lecturer and at his retirement associate professor. He did research in the United States of America, in the 1970s at Dillard & Xavier Universities in New Orleans, Louisiana and in the 1980s at the University of Wisconsin at Madison in both areas of Fine Art and African Studies. He also served as an external examiner for Fine Art, Art History and sometimes History, Geography in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, the United Kingdom, the US, Canada, Ghana and Nigeria.
Between Kyambogo and Dar es Salaam from 1967 to 1973, Ntiro was Commissioner of Culture for the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania. The department was first in the Ministry of Education and then moved to the Ministry of National Culture and Youth.
In his long and distinguished career, he was a fine artist and painter, a diplomat, public official, a civil servant, and an academic. He travelled extensively and exhibited his works of art throughout the world.

## Personal life

He married Evangeline Sarah Nyendwoha, a Ugandan (Uganda and East Africa's first woman University Graduate), in 1958, and had two sons, Joseph and Simbo (1961–2008).
# 1993 SANFL Grand Final

The 1993 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) Grand Final saw the Woodville-West Torrens defeating Norwood by 73 points. The match was played on Saturday 2 October 1993 at Football Park in front of a crowd of 42,719.
This was Woodville-West Torrens first grand final appearance, and their first premiership. This was the also the first premiership for West Torrens since 1953, and the first premiership for Woodville after 29 years in the SANFL competition.
# Sack of Granada

The sack of Granada occurred in 1563 when Dragut landed in the province of Granada, Spain, and sacked or captured some coastal settlements.
Dragut had a reputation for his activity in the Mediterranean, plundering and destroying countless cities before enslaving the inhabitants such as in Cullera or in Vieste where all or almost all of the remaining inhabitants were beheaded.
In 1563, Dragut landed at the shores of Granada. He proceeded to sack the city and capture Almuñécar as well as other coastal settlements. He enslaved a total of 4,000 inhabitants.
Dragut later captured 6 ships near Capri and captured Chiaia in Naples before going on to raid Oristano, Marcellino and Ercolento.
# Vurpăr railway station

Vurpăr railway station was the terminus of the Vurpăr branch line of the Agnita railway line in Vurpăr, Sibiu County Romania. The station still exists along with the track which has been protected.

## History

The station was built by the Hungarian State Railways in 1910 who operated it until 1919 when Transylvania became part of Romania. After a decline in usage across the whole line the route eventually closed in 1993.

## Future

Plans exist to reopen part of the line after it was protected in 2008. The local group Asociația Prietenii Mocăniței has taken on the task of restoring the route which has already restored a section of the line.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Roșia Line and station closed | Vurpăr branch line | Terminus |
# 1997 SANFL Grand Final

The 1997 SANFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Norwood Football Club and Port Adelaide Football Club at Football Park on 5 October 1997. It was the 99th annual grand final of the South Australian National Football League (SANFL), staged to determine the premiers for the 1997 SANFL season. The match, attended by 44,161 spectators, was won by Norwood by a margin of 73 points, marking the club's 27th SANFL premiership.
Joint Magarey Medal winner Brodie Atkinson was given the honour of the coin toss, which was won by Norwood's acting captain Anthony Harvey who chose to kick to the Southern End.
John Cunningham, a Norwood player who had suffered a seemingly season-ending injury earlier in the year, would go on to win the Jack Oatey Medal as the player judged best afield. “Being fortunate enough to win the Jack Oatey Medal is obviously a once in a lifetime experience,” said Cunningham. “It justified the decision to try and come back before the season finished. To achieve such a wonderful individual honour, along with being lucky enough to be selected as one of the 21 players on the day, was an amazing experience. That team will go down as one of the all-time greatest.”
# Whales & Nightingales

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
| The Village Voice | C+ |
Whales & Nightingales is the eighth studio album by American singer and songwriter Judy Collins, released by Elektra Records in 1970. It peaked at No. 17 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart.
The album includes material by Bob Dylan, Pete Seeger, Jacques Brel and Joan Baez, as well as Collins' top-forty version of "Amazing Grace", and the traditional "Farewell to Tarwathie", on which Collins sang to the accompaniment of humpback whales.
In 1971, the album was certified Gold by the RIAA for sales of over 500,000 copies in the US.

## Track listing

Side one
* "A Song for David" (Joan Baez) – 3:25
* "Sons Of" (Eric Blau, Jacques Brel, Gérard Jouannest, Mort Shuman; arranged and adapted by Joshua Rifkin) – 2:21
* "The Patriot Game" (Dominic Behan) – 4:05
* "Prothalamium" (Michael Sahl, Aaron Kramer; arranged and adapted by Rifkin) – 1:37
* "Oh, Had I a Golden Thread" (Pete Seeger) – 3:55
* "Gene's Song" (Traditional; arranged and adapted by Gene Murrow) – 1:23
* "Farewell to Tarwathie" (Traditional; arranged and adapted by Judy Collins) – 5:13
Side two
* "Time Passes Slowly" (Bob Dylan) – 3:30
* "Marieke" (Jacques Brel, Gérard Jouannest; arranged and adapted by Rifkin) – 3:12
* "Nightingale I" (Collins) – 2:14
* "Nightingale II" (Collins, Rifkin) – 5:16
* "Simple Gifts" (Traditional; arranged and adapted by Collins) – 1:28
* "Amazing Grace" (John Newton; arranged and adapted by Collins) – 4:04

## Personnel

* Judy Collins – guitar, keyboards, vocals
Additional musicians All duties are unspecified in liner notes.
* Richard Bell
* Susan Evans
* David Grisman
* Paul Harris
* Bill Lee
* Jerry Matthews
* Gene Murrow
* John Nagy
* Paul Prestopino
* David Rea
* Joshua Rifkin
* Warren Smith
* Gene Taylor
* Greg Thomas
Technical
* Mark Abramson – producer
* John Haeny – engineer, assistant producer
* Joshua Rifkin – arranger and conductor (tracks 2, 4, 9, 11)
* John Nagy – string arrangement (track 8)
* William S. Harvey – cover concept, art direction
* Herb Goro – photography
* Greg Fulginiti – recording assistant

## Charts

Chart performance for Whales & Nightingales :
| Chart (1970–1971) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (Kent Music Report) | 26 |
| Canada Top 100 Albums (RPM) | 14 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 16 |
| US Top LP's (Billboard) | 17 |
| US Top 100 Albums (Cash Box) | 15 |
| US The Album Chart (Record World) | 14 |

## Certifications and sales

Certifications for Whales & Nightingales :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute

The Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute or Swiss TPH (formerly known as the Swiss Tropical Institute) is an international global health institute working in various disciplines with a particular focus on low- and middle-income countries. It was founded in 1943 through the initiative of Rudolf Geigy. Swiss TPH endeavors to the improve the health of people in Switzerland and worldwide through research, education and services.
In 2009, the Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Basel was integrated into the Swiss Tropical Institute, and in January 2010 the Swiss Tropical Institute changed its name to the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH). In April 2022, Swiss TPH moved its headquarters from Basel to Allschwil (Canton of Basel-Landschaft).
Swiss TPH is an associated institute of the University of Basel, and as a public organization it is partially supported by the State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation, the Canton of Basel-Stadt and the Canton of Basel-Landschaft. The greater part of its funding comes from competitively acquired research and project funds.

## Research

Swiss TPH's researchers focus on various topics including parasitology, infection biology, epidemiology, public health, health systems and economics. Swiss TPH works along a value-chain from innovation and validation to application and scientists work both in the lab and the field.

## Education and training

As an associated institute of the University of Basel, Swiss TPH conducts programs and courses in international health, epidemiology, public health, infection biology, clinical practice, and management. Swiss TPH offers Bachelor programmes in Infection Biology and Medicine; Master's programmes in Epidemiology, Infection Biology, Medicine and African Studies; PhD programmes in Infection Biology, Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Public Health and Insurance Medicine; as well as a MD PhD programme.

## Services

Swiss TPH offers consultancy and project implementation services, medical consultations (travel and tropical medicine), clinical trials services as well as diagnostic services. The Swiss Centre for International Health, a department of Swiss TPH, provides policy, strategic and operational advice as well as project design and management in the area of public and global health. Through its Department of Medicine, Swiss TPH conducts clinical trials for new drugs, diagnostics and vaccines. The Swiss TPH Diagnostic Centre is specialised in diagnosing infectious tropical diseases.
Swiss TPH's Centre for Tropical and Travel Medicine in Basel advises travellers in Switzerland and diagnoses and treats patients after travelling.
# Sebastián Calleja

Sebastián Mariano Calleja (born February 2, 1979, in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a former Argentine footballer who played for clubs of Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Honduras, Spain, Italy, Slovenia and Malaysia. He played as a midfielder.

## Teams

* River Plate (youth)
* Argentinos Juniors 1996–1998
* Mallorca B 1999
* Once Caldas 1999
* Conversano 2000
* Bari 2001
* Olimpija Ljubljana 2001–2002
* Once Caldas 2003
* Argentinos Juniors 2003
* Deportes La Serena 2004
* Johor Bahru City 2005
* Hispano FC 2007

## Titles

* Once Caldas 2003 (Torneo Apertura Colombian Primera División Championship), 2004 (Copa Libertadores de América)
# Yacoub Artin

Yacoub Artin (15 April 1842 – 21 January 1919) was an ethnic Armenian educator and scholar working in Egypt.
He was of Armenian descent, working for the Ministry of Public Education in 1888. It was noted in a period newspaper that he was one of many "non-Muslim" Egyptians working for the government at the time, a source of irritation among a segment of the population. He was an Armenian Apostolic Christian, and once more in 1895 it was noted that a "non-Muslim" was in charge of education for a population that was predominately Muslim.

## Works

* La proprieté foncière en Égypte, Cairo, 1883. Translated by Edward Abbott van Dyck as The right of landed property in Egypt, London, 1885.
* L'instruction publique en Egypte, Paris, 1890.
* (tr.) Contes populaires inédits de la vallée du Nil, Paris, 1895.
* Contribution à l'étude du blason en Orient, London, 1902.
* England in the Sudan, London: Macmillan, 1911. Translated from French by George Robb.
# Haplorhus

Haplorhus is a genus of plants in the family Anacardiaceae. Haplorhus peruviana is the only species in the genus. It is found in dry ravines located in Chile and Peru.
# Zärtliche Liebe

"Zärtliche Liebe" (Tender Love), WoO 123, or "Ich liebe dich" (I love you), is a love song by Ludwig van Beethoven that he composed in 1795 and first published in 1803. Beethoven was 25 years old when he wrote it. The song is occasionally referred to by its first line, "Ich liebe dich, so wie du mich".

## History

Though Alexander Thayer put the date of composition to be 1797–98 in Thayer's Life of Beethoven, recent research has found that "Zärtliche Liebe" was probably composed in 1795. 1795 was a turning point in Beethoven's career, since he was starting to become noticed by nobility and his works were becoming more popular. He had lived in Vienna for two years, and had studied with composers such as Haydn.
"Zärtliche Liebe" was first published in 1803 by Johann Traeg in Vienna, one year before Beethoven's 3rd symphony. It was published along with "La partenza", WoO 124.
The autograph of the song has a unique history. It passed into the hands of Franz Schubert, who used the blank pages in June 1817 to sketch out the second movement of his Piano Sonata in E-flat major, D 568 and to write down some exercises in reading musical notation for an unknown pupil (whose written answers are also preserved on the manuscript). From there the autograph was divided up. Half came into the possession of Schubert's friend Anselm Hüttenbrenner (who inscribed an owner's note on it), and thence to the Viennese collector Johann Nepomuk Kafka, and thence to Johannes Brahms in 1870; in April 1872 Brahms acquired the other half from Schubert's nephew Eduard Schneider. Brahms added his own owner's note to the autograph. In 1893 he presented it to the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde, where the musicologist Eusebius Mandyczewski added his own owner's note as well. The autograph is thus known as "the autograph of three masters": it preserves the handwriting of Beethoven, Schubert, and Brahms, as well as that of Hüttenbrenner, Mandyczewski, and an unknown child.

## Text

The lyrics are from a poem by Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Herrosee [de] (1754–1821), a German pastor and writer. In the poem, the narrator expresses love for another, saying how their love lets them share sorrow and comfort.
# Rugae

In anatomy, rugae (sg.: ruga) are a series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an organ.
In general, rugae are a biological feature found in many organisms, serving purposes such as increasing surface area, flexibility, or structural support.
Most commonly rugae refers to the gastric rugae of the internal surface of the stomach.
For terrestrial gastropods, the rugae often appear as fine, transverse folds or wrinkles on the mantle, back, or sides of the body. They are particularly visible when the animal extends its body or contracts, and may also be interrupted or intersected by other grooves or structures (such as dorsal grooves or keels) .

## Function

A purpose of the gastric rugae is to allow for expansion of the stomach after the consumption of foods and liquids. This expansion increases the volume of the stomach to hold larger amounts of food. The folds also result in greater surface area, allowing the stomach to absorb nutrients more quickly.

## Location

Rugae can appear in the following locations in humans:
* Wrinkles of the labia and scrotum
* Hard palate immediately behind the upper anterior teeth
* Inside the urinary bladder
* Vagina
* Gallbladder
* Inside the stomach
* Inside the rectum

## Difference between rugae and plicae

With few exceptions (e.g. the scrotum), rugae are only evident when an organ or tissue is deflated or relaxed. For example, rugae are evident within the stomach when it is deflated. However, when the stomach distends, the rugae unfold to allow for the increase in volume. On the other hand, plicae remain folded regardless of distension as is evident within the plicae of the small intestine walls.
# Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands (novel)

Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands (Portuguese: Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos) is a novel by Brazilian writer Jorge Amado, published in 1966; it was translated into English by Harriet de Onís in 1969. The novel was adapted for the first time into the 1976 film Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands.

## Plot

The novel, set in Salvador, Bahia, opens with the sudden death of Dona Flor's husband, Vadinho, who collapses in the midst of Carnival celebrations. He is dancing a samba in the streets when his heart gives out, a surprise to all as Vadinho had spent his entire life gambling, partying and drinking with no hint of problems. His nights on the town and his two-timing had been supported by sponging off Dona Flor, the owner of a successful cooking school and his demands for money had been a constant worry and cause of sleepless nights for her. The women of the town thought she was well rid of him. But after Vadinho's death, he remained the love of her life and she missed his seductiveness. He was irresistible, and his absence was, for Dona Flor, worse than the long nights when she waited for him to come home.
After a period of mourning, Dona Flor attracts another admirer, a local pharmacist, Teodoro. Unlike Vadinho he is a pillar of respectability, kind and considerate. Dona Flor accepts his proposal. While her new husband lacks the passionate sensuality of Vadinho, he compensates by providing a life free of worry. But, on the first anniversary of her marriage, Vadinho returns. He is now a ghost, but has lost none of his old ways. His activities create commotion everywhere, from Dona Flor's marriage bed to the local nightspots. She is torn between her attraction to the ghost and her desire to continue as the faithful wife of Teodoro, who has no idea what is going on.

## Style

Throughout the novel, Amado draws on Afro-Brazilian rituals and folklore. In the final section local deities, as well as most of the mystics of Bahia, get heavily involved. But Vadinho is the centerpiece of the novel, and the book captures the extravagance of his exploits, both during his life and after his death. According to a review by Ted Gioia, "few stories have done a better job of capturing this type of lovable villain".

## Adaptations

* Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands, a 1976 Brazilian film starring Sônia Braga as Flor
* Saravá, a 1979 Broadway musical starring Tovah Feldshuh as Flor
* Kiss Me Goodbye, a 1982 American film starring Sally Field as Kay
* Dona Flor e Seus 2 Maridos, a 1998 Brazilian TV series starring Giulia Gam as Flor
* Doña Flor y sus dos maridos, a 2006 Argentine play starring Mónica Ayos as Flor
* Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos, a 2008 Brazilian play starring Carol Castro as Flor
* Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos, a 2017 Brazilian film starring Juliana Paes as Flor
* Doña Flor y sus dos maridos, a 2019 Mexican telenovela starring Ana Serradilla as Flor
# M.s. RedCherries

m.s. RedCherries is a writer from the Northern Cheyenne Nation. Her debut poetry collection, mother, was a finalist for the National Book Award for Poetry in 2024.

## Early life and education

RedCherries is a citizen of the Northern Cheyenne Nation. In an interview with Chapter House, the magazine of the Institute of American Indian Arts, RedCherries stated that she grew up with her birth parents but was later adopted by a family in Texas, a decision made "because of my mother’s love to want a better life for me."
Growing up, RedCherries often expressed herself through writing even before she formally considered herself to be a writer. Later in life, RedCherries graduated from Arizona State University with a Juris Doctor degree. There, she had taken a creative writing course in her very last semester of law school called "Creative Writing in the Law" taught by writer Gary Stuart; the class was interested in how to make briefs more narratively legible and interesting.
Deciding to continue with her writing practice, RedCherries subsequently attended the Iowa Writers' Workshop and graduated with an MFA in 2021. There, she began working on the pieces for her debut poetry collection, mother, which later became her thesis; Lan Samantha Chang would serve as her thesis advisor. By her final semester, RedCherries found a sense of organization for the poems she wrote.

## Career

RedCherries' debut poetry collection, mother, was published by Penguin Books for its Penguin Poets series in 2024 and subsequently designated a finalist for the National Book Award for Poetry. The book, somewhat based on RedCherries' own experiences, follows an indigenous child adopted and raised by a non-indigenous family outside of her reservation. After its publication, the book was well-reviewed by several outlets including Publishers Weekly, which stated that it was "a confident and arresting account of loss and the search to rebuild community and identity" and recommended it in a list of books by Indigenous authors. RedCherries' debut was also featured in LitHub and Electric Literature.