OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lueders Park Piru

The Lueders Park Piru (also known as the Lueders Park Piru Bloods) are a "set" of the Piru gang alliance, which itself is part of the larger Bloods alliance. The Lueders Park Piru has its origins in the Lueders Park Hustlers, an independent street gang which was instrumental in the formation of the Bloods gang alliance in 1972.

## History
### Formation of the Bloods

In 1972, several independent street gangs in Los Angeles formed an alliance known as the Bloods to counter the growing influence of the Crips. One of these independent street gangs which were instrumental in the formation of the Bloods alliance were the Lueders Park Hustlers, which would later become known as the Lueders Park Piru.
The gang got its name from Lueders Park, Compton, where the gang members would gather to use drugs, play basketball, and plan robberies.

### Rivalry with Kelly Park Compton Crips

On December 27, 1985, 15-year-old Charles "Beeb" Stevens was shot dead in a drive-by shooting while standing in the territory of the Kelly Park Compton Crips. The Kelly Park Compton Crips held the Lueders Park Piru responsible for the death of Stevens, and in retaliation, killed 30-year-old Don Turner, who was a former member of the Lueders Park Piru.

### Death Row Records

Suge Knight, who was the CEO of Death Row Records, was affiliated with the Mob Piru Bloods and hired gang members from several Bloods sets, including Lueders Park Piru.
Following the shooting of Death Row Records artist Tupac Shakur on September 7, 1996, a gang war broke out in Compton between the Mob Piru Bloods, and the South Side Compton Crips, who were responsible for Shakur's shooting. During this gang war, the Lueders Park Piru sided with the Mob Piru. As a result, George Mack, who was a member of the Lueders Park Piru, was shot and wounded on September 10, 1997.

### Rivalry with Butler Block Crips

On July 4, 2005, Christopher "Bick Rock" Holt, along with two other members of the Lueders Park Piru, used AK-47s to open fire on a house in Butler Avenue, Compton. The house was located within the territory of the Lueders Park Piru, but was used as a "hang-out" by members of a rival gang known as the Butler Block Crips. The shooting resulted in the deaths of Mario Gordon and Corey Cartwright.
Christopher Holt was sentenced to life without the possibility of parole plus 90 years in prison for the two murders. Investigators concluded that the shooting was intended to let the Butler Block Crips know that they were not welcome in the territory of the Lueders Park Piru.

### Rivalry with Mob Piru

Although the Lueders Park Piru were initially allies with the Mob Piru, the two gangs became enemies after the internal conflict resulting in multiple murders during the death row records era. This led to a series of shootings between the two gangs from 2009 to 2013. The two gangs tried to end their rivalry, but were unsuccessful.

## Depictions in media

* The Lueders Park Piru are mentioned in the song Piru Love (1993) by the Bloods & Crips, in the line "Don't get caught in the Jungle's or a park called Lueders."
# Court Square Capital Partners

Court Square Capital Partners is a private equity firm focused on leveraged buyout transactions. Court Square was originally a captive private equity firm within Citigroup known as Citigroup Venture Capital Equity Partners. Court Square's investment professionals have invested over $4.5 billion in more than 150 transactions, which have returned $14 billion to date.
Court Square is headquartered in New York City and was spun out of Citigroup in 2006. The firm is named after the location of Citigroup's offices at One Court Square in Queens.

## History

March 2015 Court Square Capital acquired Research Now.
Court Square currently manages approximately $8.2 billion of investor commitments.
The firm's predecessor Citicorp Venture Capital Equity Partners traces its roots to 1968 with the founding of Citicorp Venture Capital. In the 1980s, CVC Equity Partners began to focus primarily on leveraged buyout transactions.
The spin out of Court Square came at the same time as the spin outs of private equity groups from other leading investment banks including: JPMorgan Chase (CCMP Capital), Morgan Stanley (Metalmark Capital), Deutsche Bank (MidOcean Partners) and Credit Suisse First Boston (Avista Capital Partners, Diamond Castle Holdings).
In 2008, Citigroup sold off the bulk of its $400 million of interests in legacy Court Square investment funds to secondary investors AlpInvest Partners and Goldman Sachs.
# Sunshine, Texas

Sunshine is an unincorporated community in Hamilton County, Texas, United States.
# Drasteria howlandii

Drasteria howlandii is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found from British Columbia and Saskatchewan south through the western parts of the United States from Washington south to Arizona and Texas.
The wingspan is about 35 mm. Adults are on wing from March to September.
The larvae feed on Eriogonum species.
# Apotoforma

Apotoforma is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Apotoforma apatela (Walsingham, 1914)
* Apotoforma cimelia (Diakonoff, 1960)
* Apotoforma cydna Razowski, 1993
* Apotoforma dolosa (Walsingham, 1914)
* Apotoforma epacticta Razowski & Becker, 1984 (from Mato Grosso/Brazil)
* Apotoforma fustigera Razowski, 1986
* Apotoforma hodgesi Razowski, 1993
* Apotoforma jamaicana Razowski, 1964
* Apotoforma kakamegae Razowski, 2012
* Apotoforma mayumbeana Razowski, 2012
* Apotoforma monochroma (Walsingham, 1897)
* Apotoforma negans (Walsingham, 1897)
* Apotoforma ptygma Razowski, 1993
* Apotoforma rotundipennis (Walsingham, 1897)
* Apotoforma smaragdina Bippus, 2020 (from Réunion)
* Apotoforma uncifera Razowski, 1964
* Apotoforma viridans Razowski & Becker, 2003
# Aaron Vail

Aaron Vail (1796–1878) was an American diplomat who served as chargé d'affaires in the United Kingdom and Spain in the 1830s and 1840s.

## Biography

He was born in Lorient, France, where his father, Aaron Vail (1758–1813), a prominent businessman and merchant from New York was serving as U.S. consul and commercial agent. Vail's French mother brought the Vail family to the United States after the senior Aaron Vail's death, and they resided in Washington, D.C.
The younger Aaron Vail was educated in Washington and became a clerk in the Department of State. In 1831 Martin Van Buren selected Vail to be the secretary of the U.S. legation in London; when Van Buren's appointment as Minister was rejected by the United States Senate, Vail acted as chargé d'affaires, from April 4, 1832, until 1836.
Vail served as a Special Diplomatic Agent to Canada in 1838.
From May 20, 1840, to August 1, 1842, Vail served as chargé d'affaires in Spain, remaining in the post until the arrival of Washington Irving to serve as Minister. After returning to the United States, Vail served for several years as the State Department's chief clerk, its top non-political appointment. He later lived in New York City; while in retirement, he declined diplomatic posts offered by Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan. He later moved to Paris, and died in Pau in 1878.

## Family

Vail's brothers included: Eugene, a State Department employee; Edward, an officer in the United States Navy; and Jefferson, an officer in the United States Army.
In 1835, Vail married Emilie Salles of New York City; they were the parents of a son, Aaron Vail II, and a daughter, Emilie, who was the wife of Henry C. Bradshaw.
# Massimo Colaci

Massimo Colaci (born 21 February 1985) is an Italian volleyball player, a member of the Italy men's national volleyball team and Sir Safety Perugia, silver medalist of the 2015 World Cup, bronze medalist of the 2015 European Championship and the 2014 World League. He also won the silver medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

## Sporting achievements
### Clubs
#### FIVB Club World Championship

* 2016 - with Trentino Diatec
* 2022 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia
* 2023 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia

#### CEV Champions League

* 2015/2016 - with Trentino Diatec

#### Italian Championship

* 2010-11 Italian Championship, with Diatec Trentino
* 2012-13 Italian Championship, with Diatec Trentino
* 2014-15 Italian Championship, with Diatec Trentino
* 2017-18 Italian Championship, with Sir Safety Susa Perugia
* 2023-24 Italian Championship, with Sir Safety Susa Perugia

#### Italian Super Cup

* 2011 – with Trentino Diatec
* 2013 – with Trentino Diatec
* 2017 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia
* 2019 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia
* 2020 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia
* 2022 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia
* 2023 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia

#### Italian Cup

* 2011-12 – with Trentino Diatec
* 2012-13 – with Trentino Diatec
* 2017-18 – with Trentino Diatec
* 2018-19 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia
* 2021-22 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia
* 2023-24 – with Sir Safety Susa Perugia

### National team

* 2015 FIVB World Cup
* 2016 Olympic Games
# Ása Berglind Hjálmarsdóttir

Ása Berglind Hjálmarsdóttir (born 30 July 1984) is an Icelandic politician and member of the Althing. A member of the Social Democratic Alliance, she has represented the South constituency since November 2024.
Ása was born on 30 July 1984 in Reykjavík. She grew up in Þorlákshöfn where she was a member of the local lute band and conductor of Tónur og Trix, a senior citizens' music group. She studied violin, piano and trumpet at the Árnesingar Music School. She has a Bachelor of Arts degree in music (2007) and a Master of Arts degree in art education from the Iceland Academy of the Arts, and a Master of Arts degree in cultural management (2021) from Bifröst University.
Ása worked in marketing and as a project manager at the Hendur í höfn restaurant and cultural centre in Þorlákshöfn. She was appointed project manager in the culture department of the municipal council in Ölfus in May 2019. She has been a project manager at the Harpa concert hall and conference centre in Reykjavík since November 2022.
Ása is leader of the Ölfus Residents' Party and was elected to Ölfus municipal council at the 2022 municipal elections. She was elected to the Althing at the 2024 parliamentary election.
Ása has two daughters and a son.
# List of Indian Premier League rivalries

* Chennai Super Kings–Mumbai Indians cricket rivalry
* Kolkata Knight Riders–Royal Challengers Bengaluru rivalry
# Leaders of the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions

Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO) was founded in 1899, and has had the following leaders:

## Leaders

* 1899-1900: Hans G. Jensen
* 1900-1901: Dines Jensen
* 1901-1904: Adolf Pedersen
* 1904-1905: Joh. Johansen
* 1905-1906: Adolf Pedersen
* 1906-1925: Ole O. Lian
* 1925-1934: Halvard Olsen
* 1934-1939: Olav Hindahl
* 1939-1965: Konrad Nordahl
* 1965-1969: Parelius Mentsen
* 1969-1977: Tor Aspengren
* 1977-1987: Tor Halvorsen
* 1987-1989: Leif Haraldseth
* 1989-2001: Yngve Haagensen
* 2001-2007: Gerd-Liv Valla
* 2007-2013: Roar Flåthen
* 2013-2017: Gerd Kristiansen
* 2017-2021: Hans-Christian Gabrielsen
* 2021-inc.: Peggy Hessen Følsvik

## Leaders during World War II

Under World War II, LO was usurped by the Nazis, all other activity was illegal. Leaders of the legal LO were:
* 1940: Elias Volan
* 1940-1941: Jens Tangen
* 1941-1945: Odd Fossum
* 1945: Kåre Rein
# Terribile

Terribile may refer to:
* Fabio Terribile (born 1962), Italian agricultural scientist and professor
* Jackie Terribile, American politician
* Italian ironclad Terribile
# Toll-e Mallu

Toll-e Mallu (Persian: تل ملو, also Romanized as Toll-e Mallū; also known as Tol-e Mallū-ye Pā’īn and Tūleh-ye Mallū) is a village in Khuzi Rural District, Varavi District, Mohr County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 61, in 13 families.
# Libya–Qatar relations

Libya–Qatar relations are the bilateral relations between Libya and State of Qatar. The two countries are members of the Arab League and the United Nations.

## History
### Pre civil war

Qatar was a staunch ally of Gaddafi’s Libya, with Qatari Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani crediting Gaddafi with helping build Qatar according to leaked recordings.

### 2011 civil war

Qatar was the second country to recognise the NTC and the first to announce a trade agreement with it, declaring on 27 March 2011 that it would market Libyan oil exports from eastern terminals controlled by anti-Gaddafi elements. It was also the first Arab country to join international military operations in Libya, sending interceptors to help enforce the no-fly zone starting on 25 March. The Qatari government is also closely tied to Al Jazeera, one of the first international news networks to begin covering the 2011 civil war.
The NTC faced one of its first diplomatic quandaries after Iman al-Obeidi, a Libyan woman who accused Gaddafi-loyal militiamen of beating and gang-raping her at a checkpoint in a high-profile appearance before journalists at the Rixos Al Nasr in Tripoli, was granted asylum in Qatar. Despite the protests of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Qatar then forcibly deported Obeidi back to Benghazi on 2 June 2011 for unknown reasons, and Obeidi publicly blamed the NTC for her deportation. Despite this incident, Qatari cooperation with the NTC remained close throughout the war, with close consultations between officials of the two governments in Doha becoming so frequent that some anti-Gaddafi fighters complained that their leadership was spending too much time in Qatar and not enough time in Libya. Qatari military advisers also reportedly accompanied some anti-Gaddafi brigades in the Nafusa Mountains and during the coastal offensive in Tripolitania, even helping to direct some fighters in the storming of Gaddafi's Bab al-Azizia compound in central Tripoli.
On 16 October 2011, the Qatari and Libyan governments signed a memorandum of understanding in Doha for cooperation between the justice ministries of the two states. Officials said the fledgling government of Libya could benefit from Qatar's experience in establishing justice, law and order. Libya, which supported Saudi Arabia during the 2017 Qatar diplomatic crisis, also cut diplomatic ties with Qatar.

## Resident diplomatic missions

* Libya has an embassy in Doha.
* Qatar has an embassy in Tripoli.
# Arianna Lazzarini

Arianna Lazzarini (born 6 March 1976) is an Italian politician. She was elected to be a deputy to the Parliament of Italy in the 2018 Italian general election for the Legislature XVIII of Italy.

## Career

Lazzarini was born on 6 March 1976 in Monselice.
She was elected to the Italian Parliament in the 2018 Italian general election, representing Veneto 2 for the Lega Nord.
# Aghbiur Serob

Serob Vardanian (also spelled Serop Vartanian, Armenian: Սերոբ Վարդանեան; 1864 – 24 November 1899), better known by his noms de guerre Aghbiur Serob (Աղբիւր Սերոբ) and Serob Pasha (Սերոբ Փաշա), was a famed Armenian military commander who organized a guerrilla network that fought against the Ottoman Empire during the latter part of the 19th century.

## Life as a revolutionary

Serob was born in 1864 in the village of Sokhord (modern-day Serinbayır, Ahlat) in the district of Ahlat in the Bitlis Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire. Around the age of twenty, he got into a fight with two Turks and ended up killing one of them. The murder forced him to flee to Constantinople. In 1892, he travelled to Romania and opened a coffee shop there, intending to use the shop as a meeting site for young revolutionaries. He eventually joined the Armenian Revolutionary Federation and returned to Ottoman Armenia, in Bitlis Vilayet, where he took up arms to defend the local Armenian population from Ottoman and Kurdish attackers.
In 1898, in the village of Babshen in Bitlis, a Kurdish expedition was sent by the Ottomans to capture and kill Serop. The Kurds began their offensive at 3:00 a.m., surrounding Serop and his fedayis. The battle continued until sunrise when Serop and his fedayis managed to escape. After the Battle of Babshen, Serop was given the title of "Pasha".

### Aghpyur

It is also around this time he gained his pseudonym Aghpur, given to him by the Armenian population because he had the "heart of a lion" and was very courteous. The local Armenian population would often say "Veruh Asdvadz, Vahruh Serop" (literally "God is up there, Serop is down here"), which figuratively means "If God is protecting us from the sky, Serop is protecting us from the ground". As a general, he commanded such famed fedayees as Andranik Ozanian and Kevork Chavoush, among others.

## Death

On 1 November 1899, while meeting with several other compatriots, Aghbiur Serob had his pipe poisoned by a fellow Armenian known as "Avé" who had been bribed by Kurdish brigands. The Kurdish brigands, led by Khalil, surrounded the house with hundreds of fighters. A gunfight erupted between the Kurds and the Armenians, the latter having in its ranks twelve of Serob's personal guard, his wife Sose and their son, Hagop. The Kurds managed to defeat the outnumbered Armenians, killing in the process Serob, his son, and twelve of his men including the town priest. Sose was wounded and taken prisoner. Khalil severed Serob's head and placed it on a pike as a warning to all other Armenian freedom fighters.
A mission led by fellow Armenian guerrilla, Zoravar Andranik Ozanian, tracked the Kurds to the home of "Avé", who, along with the Kurds and his own family, was killed.

## Legacy

As leader of the Armenian fedayi, Serob made Sasoun almost completely independent. He was described as "one of the most outstanding Armenian revolutionaries" by Leon Trotsky.
# Lucien Baker

Lucien Baker (June 8, 1846 – June 21, 1907) was a United States senator from Kansas.
Baker was born near Cleveland, Ohio and moved with his parents to Morenci, Michigan. There he attended public schools and graduated from Adrian College and from the law department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor.
He was admitted to the bar in 1868 and commenced practice in Leavenworth, Kansas in 1869. From 1872 to 1874, he was a city attorney of Leavenworth.
From 1893 to 1895, he was a member of the State Senate and was elected as a Republican to the United States Senate. He served from March 4, 1895 to March 3, 1901 but was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination. He was the chairman of the Committee on Civil Service and Retrenchment (Fifty-sixth Congress)
Afterward his term in the Senate, he resumed the practice of law in Leavenworth, where he died on June 21, 1907; he is interred in Mount Muncie Cemetery.
He was the brother of John Baker.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "Lucien Baker (id: B000070)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
* Johnson, Rossiter, ed. (1906). "Baker, Lucien". The Biographical Dictionary of America. Vol. 1. Boston: American Biographical Society. p. 192.
U.S. Senate :
| Preceded byJohn Martin | U.S. senator (Class 2) from Kansas 1895–1901 Served alongside: William A. Peffer, William A. Harris | Succeeded byJoseph R. Burton |
# John B. Floyd (West Virginia politician)

John B. Floyd (November 13, 1854 – April 15, 1935) was a West Virginia politician, lawyer, and businessman.
Born in Logan County, Virginia, his father was George Rogers Clark Floyd, who served as Secretary of Wisconsin Territory and then in the West Virginia Legislature. Floyd went to Rock Hill College and then to the University of Virginia. He worked on the family farm and then in the lumber business. Floyd then studied law and was admitted to the West Virginia bar and practiced law. He served in the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1881–1882, and again in 1893–1894. Floyd also served in the West Virginia Senate in 1883–1885. From 1900 to 1901, Floyd served as mayor of Charleston, West Virginia. He died at his daughter's home in Charleston, West Virginia.
# FIS Games

The FIS Games is an international multi-sport event organized and centered around the disciplines governed by the International Ski and Snowboard Federation. Held once every four years, the 16-day event will debut in 2028.

## History

In October 2022 the International Ski and Snowboard Federation announced their plans for a multi-sport event of all FIS disciplines. Which would be included as part of the World Cup circuit for each discipline instead of being a championship event. Filling the one-year gap in every four-year cycle where Olympic games and World Championships are not held. The games were initially announced to debut in February 2024, aiming to promote the sports featured in the games through television.
In May 2023 it was announced that the 2024 edition would not occur, pushing the debut of the games to 2028. Though the 2028 games was confirmed to move forward with the beginning of its bidding process.

## Disciplines

The games will feature about 100 medal events in disciplines that the International Ski and Snowboard Federation governs. The program also include disciplines that are not held during the Winter Olympic and Winter Paralympics.
* Alpine: Downhill, slalom, giant slalom, Super G, Alpine combined, Nations team event
* Cross-country: Sprint, Team sprint, 10km/10km and 15 km/15km skiathlon, 10 km/15km individual F/C, 30 km/50km mass start F/C, Relay
* Freeride: Ski, Snowboard
* Freestyle & freeski: Big air, Halfpipe, Slopestyle, Ski cross, Ski cross mixed team, Moguls, Dual moguls, Dual moguls mixed team, Aerials, Aerials mixed team
* Nordic combined: Normal hill/Gundersen, Mixed team, Team, Large hill/Gundersen
* Para-alpine skiing (Standing, Vision impaired, Sitting): Downhill, Super G, Alpine combined, giant slalom, Slalom, Parallel
* Para snowboard (Upper limb, Lower limb 1, Lower limb 2): Snowboard cross, Dual banked slalom, Team events
* Para cross-country skiing (Standing, Vision impaired, Sitting): Individual, Open relay, Mixed relay, Sprint
* Snowboard: Big air, Halfpipe, Slopestyle, Snowboard cross, Snowboard cross mixed team, Parallel giant slalom, Parallel slalom, Parallel (Giant) slalom mixed team
* Ski jumping: Normal hill, Normal hill team, Mixed team, Large hill, Large hill team, Ski flying
* Speed skiing
* Telemark: Classic, Sprint, Parallel sprint, Team parallel sprint

## Editions

The games last for 16 days and is held every four years during the year which the Olympics, Paralympics, and World Championships that involve snow sports are not held. The location of the games are flexible with the ability to be held in a variety of regions and across borders.
| Edition | Year | Location | Start date | End date |
| 1 | 2028 | | |
# Tomb of Xerxes I

The Tomb of Xerxes I (Persian: آرامگاه خشایارشا) is a catacombs located in Marvdasht. This tomb is part of the Naqsh-e Rostam and is Xerxes I's Tomb.

## Sources

* ↑ "Encyclopaedia of the Iranian Architectural History". Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran. 19 May 2011. Archived from the original on 6 April 2015.
* ↑ "Tomb of Xerxes, Naqsh-i-Rustam, Iran". college.columbia.edu. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
* ↑ "Naqsh-e Rostam". irandoostan.com. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2019.