OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oxide Games

Oxide Games is an American video game developer based in Lutherville-Timonium, Maryland. The studio was founded in January 2013 by Brad Wardell and former Firaxis employees Dan Baker, Marc Meyer, Brian Wade, and Tim Kipp.

## History

Oxide Games focuses primarily on games and game engines for the Personal computer (PC). Initially founded to develop a next-generation game engine and games to use it the studio developed the Nitrous engine to take advantage of new graphics APIs that allowed multiple CPU cores to simultaneously access the GPU such as DirectX 12 and Mantle.
The studio's first release of its Nitrous technology came in the form of Star Swarm, a demonstration of thousands of 3D entities on screen to demonstrate the potential of a multicore rendering and task system.
In 2016, the studio's first game was published by Stardock, Ashes of the Singularity. It was the first game to make use of DirectX 12 after previously making a pre-beta version of it available as a benchmark for the new API.
The studio's founders helped contributed to High-Level Shader Language (HLSL) and have worked on several notable titles including Civilization, Command and Conquer, and Galactic Civilizations series.
On June 12, 2022, as part of the Xbox & Bethesda Games Showcase 2022, Oxide announced Ara: History Untold. This will be a 4X game comparable to the Civilization series of games that many members of the Oxide Games team worked on prior to the studio's formation.

## Games developed

| Year | Title | Platform(s) | Publisher |
| 2016 | Ashes of the Singularity | Microsoft Windows | Stardock |
| 2024 | Ara: History Untold | Microsoft Windows | Xbox Game Studios |

## Nitrous Engine

Nitrous Engine is the proprietary game engine software used in development for Oxide Games products. It uses the power of its proprietary SWARM (Simultaneous Work and Rendering Model) technology to achieve incredible performance on modern, multi-core computer hardware. SWARM allows Nitrous to do things previously thought impossible in real-time 3D rendering, like Object Space Lighting—the same techniques used in the film industry—and having thousands of unique individual units onscreen at once.
In 2016 Oxide and Dan Baker were part of the first major tech Demo for DX12 along with Brian Langley, Microsoft's DirectX 12 lead, Max McMullen, Microsoft's principal lead for Direct3D.
In April 2020 AMD and Oxide Games announced a multi-year partnership to co-develop graphics technologies for the growing cloud gaming market. The companies plan to create a robust set of tools and technologies for cloud rendering designed from the ground up to embrace the real-time demands of cloud-based gaming.
The Nitrous engine has been used by Stardock on a number of games including Star Control: Origins and Siege of Centauri.

## Accolades

In 2020, the studio was recognized by The Baltimore Sun as one of Baltimore's Top Small Employers for the year.
# Olivella japonica

Olivella japonica is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the subfamily Olivellinae, in the family Olividae, the olives. Species in the genus Olivella are commonly called dwarf olives.
# ABCA9

ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABCA9 gene.

## Function

This gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and the encoded protein contains two transmembrane domains and two nucleotide binding folds. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intracellular membranes. This gene is a member of the ABCA subfamily and is clustered with four other ABCA subfamily members on chromosome 17q24. Transcriptional expression of this gene is induced during monocyte differentiation into macrophages and is suppressed by cholesterol import.
# Dongjinzhuang Township

Dongjinzhuang Township (simplified Chinese: 东金庄乡; traditional Chinese: 東金莊鄉; pinyin: Dōngjīnzhuāng Xiāng) is a township of Lianchi District, Baoding, Hebei, People's Republic of China. As of 2020, it has 17 villages under its administration:
* Dongjinzhuang Village
* Liangzhuang Village (梁庄村)
* Yindingzhuang Village (银定庄村)
* Hexinzhuang Village (何辛庄村)
* Mijiadi Village (米家堤村)
* Guoxinzhuang Village (郭辛庄村)
* Donghouying Village (东后营村)
* Zhangxinzhuang Village (张辛庄村)
* Houxinzhuang Village (后辛庄村)
* Qianxinzhuang Village (前辛庄村)
* Lanxinzhuang Village (兰辛庄村)
* Wangxinzhuang Village (王辛庄村)
* Xikangge Village (西康各庄村)
* Xiaodi Village (小堤村)
* Mazhuang Village (马庄村)
* Shangzhuang Village (尚庄村)
* Fu Village (付村)
# 1941 in philosophy

1941 in philosophy

## Publications

* Erich Fromm, Escape from Freedom (1941)
* Gershom Scholem, Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism (1941)

### Philosophical literature

* Jorge Luis Borges, The Library of Babel (1941)
* Maurice Blanchot, Thomas the Obscure (1941)

## Births

* January 22 - Jaan Kaplinski
* February 16 - John Brockman
* March 19 - Joxe Azurmendi
* May 24 - George Lakoff
* June 24 - Julia Kristeva
* August 23 - Onora O'Neill
* September 24 - Jesús Mosterín, Spanish philosopher (died 2017)
* September 28 - David Lewis (died 2001)

## Deaths

* January 4 - Henri Bergson (born 1859)
* April 16 - Hans Driesch (born 1867)
* April 24 - Benjamin Lee Whorf (born 1897)
* August 7 - Rabindranath Tagore (born 1861)
# A1198 road

The A1198 is a road in Cambridgeshire, England, which runs between the A505 at Royston, and the A1307 on the outskirts of Huntingdon.

## Settlements along route

* Royston
* Kneesworth
* Waddon Gap
* Arrington
* Caxton
* Cambourne
* Papworth Everard
* Godmanchester

## History
### Roman Road

The road follows the route of Ermine Street between the A505 at Royston, Hertfordshire and Godmanchester, near Huntingdon.

### 20th century

This road was designated as a major road during road classification in 1922, and originally carried the number A14. When the M11 motorway was completed in February 1980, and traffic was encouraged to follow the new motorway and the Via Devana (then the A604, now the A1307 and A14 roads) instead. By 1991, most of the former A14 was renumbered as the A1198, with short section of the route from Huntingdon to Alconbury being renumbered as a spur of the A604.

### 21st century

In August 2010, Cambridgeshire County Council announced the reduction of the road's speed limit from NSL (60 mph) to 50 mph in areas where concern was raised over the safety of traffic. By 2020 some residential and industrial developments had urbanised sections of the road.
# People in Conflict

People in Conflict was an afternoon program that appeared on CTV Television Network every weekday from October 1, 1962 through September 11, 1970. It ran for half an hour and covered two different stories of real people suffering from emotional crises. It was originally produced in the Vancouver CTV affiliate CHAN-TV but was moved to Montreal's CFCF-TV in the late 1960s to take advantage of the new colour television cameras. The show was later produced in Australia by John Pond and Channel 7.
# Esta (given name)

Esta is a feminine given name which may refer to:
* Esta Charkham (born 1949), British television and film producer and casting director
* Esta Henry (1883–1963), eccentric Scottish antiques dealer
* Esta Nambayo (born 1968), Ugandan lawyer and judge
* Esther Esta Nesbitt (1918–1975), American illustrator, xerox artist, filmmaker, and educator
* Esta Soler (born 1947), American social activist
* Esta Spalding, American author, screenwriter and poet
* Esta Sterneck, Austrian molecular biologist
* Esta TerBlanche (born 1973), South African actress
# Oxford Township, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania

Oxford Township was a township in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, United States. The township ceased to exist and was incorporated into the City of Philadelphia following the passage of the Act of Consolidation, 1854.

## History

A township running from the county line in a southeasterly direction to the Delaware River, and along the same southwestward to Frankford Creek, and up the same northwestwardly to Tacony Creek (Tookany), which it followed until it reached the county line near were the northwestern boundary joined it. Frankford, Whitehall, Cedar Grove and Volunteer Town were in this township, and it also took in the former township of Tacony. Greatest length, three miles; greatest breadth, four miles; area, 7,680 acres (31 km$^2$). It was one of the earliest townships established in Pennsylvania. The township was surrounded by the waters of the Delaware and Frankford Creek on two sides, and was traversed by the Little Tacony and Sissamocksink (Wissinoming) or Little Wahauk Creeks.

## Resources

* Chronology of the Political Subdivisions of the County of Philadelphia, 1683-1854 (Daly, John; Weinberg, Allen (October 1966). Genealogy of Philadelphia County Subdivisions (Second ed.). Philadelphia Dept. of Records.)
* Information courtesy of ushistory.org
* Incorporated District, Boroughs, and Townships in the County of Philadelphia, 1854 By Rudolph J. Walther - excerpted from the book at the ushistory.org website
* Ellet, Charles, Jr. Map of the County of Philadelphia from Actual Survey, 1843.
* Dripps, M. Map of the Township of Oxford, Boroughs of Frankford and Bridesburg, 1849.
# Cosmopterix ermolaevi

Cosmopterix ermolaevi is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Sinev in 1985. It is found in Russia.
# ABCA5

Cholesterol transporter ABCA5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABCA5 gene.

## Function

The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecule across extra- and intracellular membranes. This encoded protein is a member of the ABCA subfamily. Members of the ABCA subfamily comprise the only major ABC subfamily found exclusively in multicellular eukaryotes. This gene is clustered among 4 other ABCA family members on 17q24. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants; however, not all variants have been fully described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

## Clinical significance

Mutations in ABCA5 cause excessive hair overgrowth.
# Dongjun 417-class dredger

Dongjun 417 class dredger is a class of little known naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The name of this class is after the first unit commissioned, with the exact type still remains unknown, and only a single unit of this class have been confirmed in active service as of mid-2010s. Dongjun 417 class is a bucket dredger.
Dongjun 417 class series ships in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Jun (浚), meaning dredge in Chinese, because these ships are classified as dredgers. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention.
| Class | Pennant # | Status | Fleet |
| Dongjun 417 class | Dong-Jun 417 | Active | East Sea Fleet |
# Nishnabotna River Bridge

Nishnabotna River Bridge may refer to:
* Nishnabotna River Bridge (Henderson, Iowa), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Mills County, Iowa
* Nishnabotna River Bridge (310th Street), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Crawford County, Iowa
* Nishnabotna River Bridge (T Avenue), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Crawford County, Iowa
# North/South

North/South is a Canadian soap opera created by Floyd Kane and produced by the Halifax Film Company, featuring Cory Bowles. The show ran for one season, airing on CBC Television between July 4 and July 13, 2006.
* Television portal
* Canada portal
* This article relating to a drama television series in Canada is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* t
* e
# E. J. Salcines

E. J. Salcines is a former lawyer, judge, and state attorney in Tampa, Florida. Salcines is also an oral historian.
His father was Emiliano Salcines for whom Salcines Park in West Tampa is named. His parents immigrated to the U.S. from Spain. His father raised bond funds during World War II.
Salcines studied law at Stetson University before being kicked out due to racial prejudices of one of his law professors at the time. He continued his studies at South Texas College of Law in Houston, Texas. He was admitted to the Florida Bar on November 15, 1963, a week before John F. Kennedy's assassination.
There is a statue of judge E. J. Salcines in downtown Tampa on the site of the Old Courthouse.
At the dedication of a bench sculpture at the West Tampa Library he recalled doing his schoolwork upstairs at the library and smelling Alessi Bakery nearby.
He has been a mentor to many in Tampa's Latino community as well as other judges and politicians.
He also served as Assistant United States Attorney. Salcines was accused of case fixing. U.S. Attorney Bob Merkle led the investigation and Salcines was represented by Barry Cohen.
# 1986 National Games of Nepal

The 1986 National Games of Nepal, is held in Birgunj, Narayani Zone.

## Venues

* Birgunj
* Narayani Stadium Capacity: 20,000+

## Participating teams

Teams are from all 14 Zones participated in the this edition of National Games of Nepal.
* Mechi Zone
* Kosi Zone
* Sagarmatha Zone
* Janakpur Zone
* Narayani Zone
* Bagmati Zone
* Gandaki Zone
* Dhaulagiri Zone
* Lumbini Zone
* Rapti Zone
* Bheri Zone
* Karnali Zone
* Seti Zone
* Mahakali Zone

## Medal table

1986 National Games medal table :
| Rank | Zone | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Bagmati Zone | 66 | 35 | 37 | 138 |
| 2 | Kosi Zone | 18 | 28 | 27 | 73 |
| 3 | Narayani Zone* | 13 | 22 | 29 | 64 |
| 4 | Bheri Zone | 10 | 5 | 10 | 25 |
| 5 | Sagarmatha Zone | 8 | 0 | 7 | 15 |
| 6 | Gandaki Zone | 7 | 24 | 26 | 57 |
| 7 | Lumbini Zone | 6 | 8 | 10 | 24 |
| 8 | Seti Zone | 5 | 10 | 6 | 21 |
| 9 | Mechi Zone | 4 | 9 | 11 | 24 |
| 10 | Rapti Zone | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| 10 | Dhaulagiri Zone | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| 12 | Janakpur Zone | 2 | 5 | 6 | 13 |
| 13 | Mahakali Zone | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 14 | Karnali Zone | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total (14 zones) | Total (14 zones) | 146 | 150 | 178 | 474 |
# Estudantes Sport Club

Estudantes Sport Club, also known as Estudantes, are a Brazilian football team from Timbaúba, Pernambuco. They competed in the Série B in 1991, and in the Série C in 1990.

## History

Estudantes Sport Club were founded on May 1, 1958. The club competed in the Série C in 1990, when they were eliminated in the first stage. They competed in the Série B in 1991, when they were eliminated in the first stage of the competition. Estudantes won the Campeonato Pernambucano Second Level in 2005.

## Stadium

Estudantes play their home games at Estádio Ferreira Lima. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 5,000 people.

## Achievements

* Campeonato Pernambucano Second Level:
** Winners (1): 2005
# Dacpa Mindou

Dacpa Mindou is a village in the Bamingui-Bangoran Prefecture in the northern Central African Republic.
* This Central African Republic location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Norman Hook

Norman Hook may refer to:
* Norman Hook (priest)
* Norman Hook (bowls)
# Contact High (film)

Contact High is a 2009 Austrian comedy film directed by Michael Glawogger and starring Michael Ostrowski and Raimund Wallisch. The film showed at the 44th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival in 2009 out of competition.

## Cast

* Michael Ostrowski as Max
* Raimund Wallisch as Johann
* Pia Hierzegger as Mao
* Georg Friedrich as Schorsch
* Detlev Buck as Harry
# Dudumanku

The dudumanku is a one-string fiddle of the Oroch people of the Russian Far East.
# DAZ3

Deleted in azoospermia protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DAZ3 gene.
This gene is a member of the DAZ gene family and is a candidate for the human Y-chromosomal azoospermia factor (AZF). Its expression is restricted to premeiotic germ cells, particularly in spermatogonia. It encodes an RNA-binding protein that is important for spermatogenesis. Four copies of this gene are found on chromosome Y within palindromic duplications; one pair of genes is part of the P2 palindrome and the second pair is part of the P1 palindrome. Each gene contains a 2.4 kb repeat including a 72-bp exon, called the DAZ repeat; the number of DAZ repeats is variable and there are several variations in the sequence of the DAZ repeat. Each copy of the gene also contains a 10.8 kb region that may be amplified; this region includes five exons that encode an RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain. This gene contains one copy of the 10.8 kb repeat.
# Omosarotes foxi

Omosarotes foxi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lane in 1973. It is known from Brazil.
# Cope's brown treefrog

Cope's brown treefrog or fringe-limbed treefrog (Ecnomiohyla miliaria) is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Clocktower Centre

The Clocktower Centre, previously known as Essendon Town Hall or Moonee Ponds Town Hall, is a civic building in Moonee Ponds in Melbourne, Australia, located at 750 Mount Alexander Road, at the junction with Pascoe Vale Road. Operated by the City of Moonee Valley, it is a venue for performing arts, as well as community and corporate activities.

## Building history

The building has evolved substantially over time. It was originally built as the Essendon Mechanics Institute in a Victorian architectural style, and opened in September 1880.
In February 1886, it was rechristened as the Essendon Town Hall. By 1914, the building had been extended and was reopened in July of that year. In 1930, a clock was installed in the tower and, in 1941, the building was again modified, with sections being rebuilt.
After the council chambers were moved to the new civic centre in 1973, the former town hall was converted into a community centre. It was renovated and officially opened as the Essendon Community Centre in 1976. A fire in 1978 caused substantial internal damage to the building but, by 1979, it had been repaired and reopened.
In February 2000, following substantial renovations, the building was officially reopened as the Clocktower Centre.
# Norman Hook (priest)

Norman Hook (1898 – 20 May 1976) was an Anglican dean in the second quarter of the 20th century. Born in 1898 he was educated at Durham University (St Chad's Hall) and ordained in 1921. Following curacies in Liverpool he held incumbencies at Enborne, West Norwood and Knutsford. In 1945 he was appointed Rural Dean of Wimbledon and became a Canon of Southwark Cathedral. From 1953 until 1969 he was Dean of Norwich. An eminent author, he died on 20 May 1976.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Norman Hook :
* NotesGranted 30 September 1968
* CrestA lion passant Or resting the dexter paw on a lozenge and in the mouth a shearman’s hook Sable.
* EscutcheonAzure in chief three triguetrae and in base a pelican in her piety Or.
* MottoNon Vestra Sed Vos
# 5C

5C or 5c may refer to:
* 5C Situation analysis: Company, Competitors, Customers, Collaborators, Climate
* 5-C (Five County), an Idaho juvenile detention center for high-risk individuals
* CAL Cargo Air Lines IATA code
* Chromosome Conformation Capture Carbon Copy, or 5C, an extension of the Chromosome conformation capture (3C) method used in genomics
* Fifth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
* Five Cs of Singapore, a cultural term relating to materialism
* Five-cent coin
* The consortium of the five Claremont Colleges
* Five Company (5C) Digital Transmission Content Protection
* The iPhone 5C, a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc.
* The Honor 5C
* 5C, the production code for the 1978 Doctor Who serial The Stones of Blood
# Alex Nesovic

Alex Nesovic (born 10 November 1972) is an English former footballer who played as a striker for Queen of the South, Albion Rovers, Partick Thistle, Scarborough and Ayr United.
# Dear Abby

Dear Abby is an American advice column founded in 1956 by Pauline Phillips under the pen name "Abigail Van Buren" and carried on today by her daughter, Jeanne Phillips, who now owns the legal rights to the pen name.

## History

According to Pauline Phillips, she came up with the pen name Abigail Van Buren by combining the name of Biblical figure Abigail in the Book of Samuel, with the last name of former US president Martin Van Buren.
The column was syndicated by the McNaught Syndicate from 1956 until 1966, when it moved to Universal Press Syndicate. Dear Abby's current syndication company claims the column is "well-known for sound, compassionate advice, delivered with the straightforward style of a good friend."
By 1987, over 1,200 newspapers ran the column.
Abby was born Pauline Esther Friedman, and her twin sister was born Esther Pauline Friedman. Abby was known as Popo, and her sister was Eppie (a nickname from E.P.).

### Ask Ann Landers

Pauline Phillips started her Dear Abby column a few months after her twin sister, Eppie Lederer, took over the Ask Ann Landers column. This produced a rivalry and lengthy estrangement between the two sisters.
On February 13, 1987, the Chicago Tribune announced that the Ann Landers column was moving to the Tribune, which had published the Dear Abby column for years. The Tribune ran both columns, Landers every day and Abby six days a week.
In comparing the columns written by each of the sisters, the Jewish Women's Archive wrote that "Both columns were characterized by a straightforward tone, practical advice, and a firm but modern moral sensibility" and that "both women used humor, including sarcasm and one-liners, in their responses."

### Authorship changes

Pauline Phillips wrote the column herself until 1987, at which time her daughter, Jeanne Phillips, began writing the column with her. In December 2000, the elder Phillips wrote a column identifying her daughter as her "co-creator" and added, "I will continue to work on this column until my Maker calls me home." Twenty months later, the Phillips family revealed that Pauline was suffering from Alzheimer's disease.
Although the change in authorship took place in 2000, the official statement—which included adding "Dear Abby is written by Abigail Van Buren, also known as Jeanne Phillips, and was founded by her mother, Pauline Phillips" to the bottom of each column—was not made until July 2002.
Pauline Phillips died on January 16, 2013, aged 94.

## Impact

Dear Abby (which has a readership estimated at 110 million in 2016) and which The New York Times described as "a staple in American households for decades," has been accused of being out of step with changing times. A 2016 column seemed to place the blame on a teen girl who had been sexually assaulted, and a 2018 column, which said that traditional Western names are preferable for newborns with half-Indian heritage, gave rise to accusations of xenophobia.
# Oxyurichthys viridis

Oxyurichthys viridis is a species of goby found in the western central Pacific near the Philippines. This species reaches a length of 8.7 cm (3.4 in).
# Corpicenses

The Corpicenses were an ancient people of Sardinia, noted by Ptolemy (III, 3). They dwelt south of the Rucensi and north of the Scapitani and the Siculensi.
# Cope's black-striped snake

There are two species of snake named Cope's black-striped snake:
* Coniophanes piceivittis
* Coniophanes taeniata