OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Colored American (Augusta, Georgia)

The Colored American published in Augusta, Georgia, from October 1865 to February 1866. It was the first African American newspaper in the South. The paper was founded by John T. Shuften, who was forced to sell the paper within six months due to a lack of financial support. The paper was published by John T. Shapiro. The Colored American covered political, religious, and general news. Shuften published the newspaper with assistance from James D. Lynch. The paper was purchased in January 1866 by the Georgia Equal Rights Association, and the name was changed to the Loyal Georgian, published by John Emory Bryant.
# Nancy Hogg

Nancy Hogg FMedSci is an immunologist who has made major contributions in the field of adhesion molecules, focusing on the integrins expressed by leukocytes. Hogg was elected to the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2002 and currently holds an emeritus position at the Francis Crick Institute, London.

## Education and academic career

Nancy Hogg studied for a BSc at the University of Toronto. She was awarded a PhD working with Rodney Porter firstly at the University of London and then at Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford. This was followed by a post–doctoral period at National Institute for Medical Research and finally a position at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund (which became Cancer Research UK London Research Institute and is now part of the Francis Crick Institute). Hogg was located initially at University College London followed by a move to the main laboratories in Lincoln’s Inn Fields where she set up her laboratory focusing initially on the function of macrophages, but then increasingly on the adhesion molecules termed integrins expressed by all leukocytes.

## Research interests

Nancy Hogg’s PhD project involved the protein sequencing of immunoglobulin heavy chains identifying for the first time the heterogeneity that accounts for immunoglobulin specificity. During a postdoctoral period at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund she co-discovered the protein that is now known as fibronectin. Through study of leukocyte integrin LFA-1 and particularly special mAb 24, Hogg was the first to document that the state of integrin activity could be controlled by bound divalent cations. The active forms are linked to different cytoskeletal proteins, namely talin for high affinity and a-actinin for clustered intermediate affinity LFA-1 . The lab showed that the LFA-1 ligand ICAM-1 was a target for pathogen binding, for example the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The generation of LFA-1 null mice revealed the central role of LFA-1 in leukocyte migration within lymph nodes in vivo. Hogg also first identified and characterised unique Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency-III patients that expressed inactive leukocyte integrins. This integrin malfunction was due to mutation in protein kindlin-3.
Hogg has also studied the S100A8/S100A9 proteins that constitute 45% of neutrophil cytosolic protein. S100a9 null mice demonstrated that myeloid cells could function relatively normally without these proteins but they had a major role in responding to infections such as Streptococcus pneumoniae in terms of cytokine generation.

## Professional associations and awards

* Member of British Society of Immunology
* 1996 Co-founder of UK Adhesion Society, now UK Cell Adhesion Society
* In 2002 Hogg was elected to Academy of Medical Sciences.
* In 2013 Hogg was awarded the William Harvey Medal
# Naranganam

Naranganam is a village in Pathanamthitta district in the state of Kerala, India. It is home to Madathumpadi Devi Temple. Nearby places include Kozhencherry, Mylapra, Kadamananitta and Vazhakunnam.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Naranganam had a population of 17749 with 8398 males and 9351 females.

## Writers and Important personalities

Kadammanitta Ramakrishnan, Kadammanitta Vasudevan apillai, Prof.Nellikkal Muralidharan, Kuzhithadathil Gopalakrishnan nair,K.R.Gopinadhan Nair[kuzhithadathil house],Adv.N.G.Chacko Ex.MLA,Pareethu Rauthar Ex MLA, Lipin Raj, Civil Servant & Writer, K.G.Ajith kumar[Saindhava books]
# Narrgnistor och transkriptioner

Narrgnistor och transkriptioner (English: Foolishnesses and transcriptions) is a studio album by Cornelis Vreeswijk released in 1976.

## Track listing

Music and lyrics by Cornelis Vreeswijk unless otherwise noted.
* "Balladen om båtsman Charlie Donovan"
* "Herreman Jarl den onde"
* "Till Bacchus på Bellmans vis"
* "En inskription"
* "Visa till polaren Per när han gick in i dimman"
* "Visa till dig"
* "Till visans vänner"
* "Åttio (80) små lökar"
* "Visa vid Nybroviken"
* "Marcuses skog"
* "Transkription för Søren Kierkegaard"
* "Balladen om Nils Johan Einar Ferlin"

## Charts

Chart performance for Narrgnistor och transkriptioner :
| Chart (1976) | Peak position |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 43 |
# 2018 Chinese Artistic Gymnastics Championships

The 2018 Chinese Artistic Gymnastics Championships were held from 7 May to 13 May 2018 in Zhaoqing, Guangdong.

## Women's Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Team | Guangdong Chen Yile Liu Jingxing Liu Tingting Ou Yushan Zhao Shiting | Beijing Du Siyu Lin Yuyao Qi Qi Tang Xijing Wang Jiarui Yang Haimeng | Zhejiang Chen Yanfei Guan Chenchen Hu Mengyao Luo Huan Lyu Jiaqi Sheng Jingyi |
| Individual all-around | Luo Huan (Zhejiang) | Zhang Jin (Shanghai) | Tang Xijing (Beijing) |
| Vault | Liu Jinru (Henan)Qi Qi (Beijing) | None awarded | Yu Linmin (Fujian) |
| Uneven Bars | Lyu Jiaqi (Zhejiang) | Luo Huan (Zhejiang) | Chen Yile (Guangdong) |
| Balance Beam | Luo Huan (Zhejiang) | Chen Yile (Guangdong)Guan Chenchen (Zhejiang) | None awarded |
| Floor Exercise | Liu Jinru (Henan) | Yin Sisi (Hubei) | Zhao Shiting (Guangdong) |

## Men's Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Team | Jiangsu Ma Yue Shi Cong Sun Wei Weng Hao Yin Dexing You Hao | Hunan Li Yi Liu Yang Qu Ruiyang Tan Di Yang Jiaxing Zhang Boheng | Beijing Chen Cong Jin Zhengyuan Xiang Bagenqiu Xiao Ruoteng Wu Jianfei Zhao Weikang |
| Individual all-around | Xiao Ruoteng (Beijing) | Sun Wei (Jiangsu) | Deng Shudi (Guizhou) |
| Floor Exercise | Wang Haoran (Shandong) | Su Weide (Shandong) | Shi Cong (Jiangsu) |
| Pommel Horse | Weng Hao (Jiangsu) | Yan Renpeng (Shandong) | Li Yi (Hunan) |
| Still Rings | Lan Xingyu (Guangxi) | Lei Peng (Shanghai) | Wu Guanhua (Shaanxi) |
| Vault | Huang Mingqi (Guangxi) | Zhang Yijia (Sichuan) | Wei Huyi (Yunnan) |
| Parallel Bars | Zou Jingyuan (Sichuan) | Wu Xiaoming (Guangdong) | Liu Rongbing (Guizhou) |
| Horizontal Bar | Deng Shudi (Guizhou)Zhang Chenlong (Shandong) | None awarded | Xiao Ruoteng (Beijing) |
# 2018 China Tour

The 2018 China Tour was the fifth season of the China Tour, the main professional golf tour in China since separating from PGA Tour China in 2017.

## OWGR inclusion

In December 2017, it was announced that all China Tour events would receive Official World Golf Ranking points at the minimum level of 4 points for the winner of a 54-hole event and 6 points for the winner of a 72-hole event.

## Schedule

The following table lists official events during the 2018 season.
| Date | Tournament | Location | Purse (CN¥) | Winner | OWGR points | Other tours |
| 10 Mar | Shenzhou Peninsula Classic | Hainan | 1,350,000 | Charlie Saxon (3) | 6 | |
| 1 Apr | Boao Open | Hainan | 1,350,000 | Charlie Saxon (4) | 6 | |
| 15 Apr | Belt & Road Colorful Yunnan Open | Yunnan | US$350,000 | Kim Koivu (n/a) | 9 | CHA |
| 22 Apr | Colorful Yunnan Classic | Yunnan | 1,350,000 | Wu Tuxuan (1) | 6 | |
| 20 May | Asia-Pacific Classic | Henan | US$300,000 | John Catlin (n/a) | 10 | ASA |
| 14 Oct | Hainan Open | Hainan | US$350,000 | Kalle Samooja (n/a) | 13 | CHA |
| 21 Oct | Foshan Open | Guangdong | US$500,000 | Víctor Perez (n/a) | 13 | CHA |
| 25 Nov | Chongqing Kingrun Open | Chongqing | 700,000 | Zhang Xinjun (3) | 6 | |
| 9 Dec | Xiamen Open | Fujian | 700,000 | Zhuang Zhu (1) | 6 | |
| 15 Dec | China Great Bay Open | Guangdong | 700,000 | Andreas Gronkvist (1) | 6 | |

## Order of Merit

The Order of Merit was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in Renminbi. The leading player on the Order of Merit earned status to play on the 2019 European Tour.
| Position | Player | Prize money (CN¥) | Status earned |
| 1 | Charlie Saxon | 597,893 | Promoted to European Tour |
| 2 | Luke Toomey | 291,600 | |
| 3 | Wu Tuxuan | 280,172 | |
| 4 | Sunil Jung | 197,695 | |
| 5 | Shotaro Ban | 185,321 | |
# Natalia (film)

Natalia is a 1988 French drama film directed by Bernard Cohn. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival.

## Cast

* Pierre Arditi – Paul Langlade
* Philippine Leroy-Beaulieu – Natalia Gronska
* Gérard Blain – Claude Roitman
* Michel Voïta – Tomasz
* Dominique Blanc – Jacqueline Leroux
* Vernon Dobtcheff – Alfred Grabner
* Wladimir Yordanoff – Verdier
* Jacques Boudet – André Brachaire
* Gérard Boucaron – Jamain
* Elisabeth Kaza – La mère de Natalia (as Elizabeth Caza)
* Maria Machado – Inge Schwarzwald
* Fred Personne – André Valois
* Lionel Rocheman – Le père de Natalia
* Ludmila Mikaël – Catherine Valence
# Nastygram

The term nastygram may refer to:
* A cease and desist letter, often one received from a copyright holder
* A Christmas tree packet (networking)
* A demand letter used to collect a debt or penalties due to a breach of contract
# National Arts Center (disambiguation)

National Arts Center, National Arts Centre, etc. may refer to:
* National Arts Centre (performing arts organisation) in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
** National Arts Centre (buildling) in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
* The National Art Center, Tokyo, also known as The National Art Center, in Japan
* The National Arts Center is in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
# The Cab Calloway Orchestra

The Cab Calloway Orchestra, based at the exclusive Cotton Club in Harlem, was, for more than a decade, one of the most important jazz bands in America. Different lineups featured the best available established musicians.
In 1930, Cab Calloway was hired to replace Duke Ellington at the Cotton Club, and recorded for Brunswick and the ARC dime store labels (Banner, Cameo, Conqueror, Perfect, Melotone, Banner, Oriole, etc.) from 1930 to 1932. In 1932, he signed with Victor for a year, but he was back on Brunswick in late 1934 through 1936, when he signed with manager Irving Mills's short-lived Variety in 1937, and stayed with Mills when the label collapsed and the sessions were continued on Vocalion through 1939, and then OKeh Records through 1942.
When the Cotton Club closed in 1940, Calloway and his band went on a tour of the United States.
In 1941 Calloway fired Dizzy Gillespie from his orchestra after an onstage fracas. Calloway wrongly accused Gillespie of throwing a spitball; in the ensuing altercation Gillespie stabbed Calloway in the leg with a small knife.
The band broke up in the late 1940s.

## Original band members

The first Cab Calloway Orchestra comprised Earres Prince on piano; Walter "Foots" Thomas and Thornton Blue on alto saxes; Andrew Brown on tenor sax; Morris White on banjo; Jimmy Smith on tuba; and DePriest Wheeler on trombone; Leroy Maxey on drums; R.Q. Dickerson and Lammar Wright on trumpets.

## Full list of band members
### Brass section
#### Trombones

    Claude Jones, Lammar Wright, Keg Johnson, DePriest Wheeler, Floyd Marmon(1931–34), Tyree Glenn, and Quentin Jackson.

#### Trumpets

    R.Q. Dickerson, Dizzy Gillespie, Mario Bauza, Adolphus "Doc" Cheatham (1931-9), Reuben Reeves (1931), Shad Collins (mid-1940s), Paul Webster (mid-1940s), and Jonah Jones.

#### Tuba

    Jimmy Smith.

### Horn section
#### Saxophones

    Thornton Blue, Hilton Jefferson, Ben Webster, Leon "Chu" Berry, Chauncey Haughton, Rudy Powell, Andrew Brown, Walter "Foots" Thomas, Ike Quebec, Arville Harris (1931) and Jerry Blake Ben (Benjamin) Whitted (tenor saxophone).

### Rhythm section
#### Piano

    Earres Prince, Benny Payne, Dave Rivera (mid-1940s)

#### Guitars

    Danny Barker

#### Bass

    Al Morgan, Milt Hinton

#### Drums

    Leroy Maxey, Cozy Cole, J. C. Heard (mid-1940s)
# National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health refers to agencies of several governments relating to occupational safety and health.
* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (United States)—note that the name contains "for" rather than "of"
* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (Malaysia)
* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (Japan)
* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (Sri Lanka)
* National Institute of Occupational Health (Norway)
* National Institute for Occupational Health (South Africa)
# National Front Party (Papua New Guinea)

The National Front Party was a political party in Papua New Guinea.
The party was established in 2002 by Kundiawa-Gembolg MP and former Minister for Defence Peter Waieng. Waeing subsequently resigned his seat due to pending misconduct proceedings against him, but contested and lost the seat at the election. The party won no other seats.
The party endorsed one candidate at the 2007 election, and won no seats. At the time of the 2012 election, the party was led by Philip Kende.
It was deregistered in 2015.
# The Dixie Merchant

The Dixie Merchant is a 1926 American silent drama film directed by Frank Borzage and starring Jack Mulhall, Madge Bellamy, and J. Farrell MacDonald.

## Plot

As described in a film magazine review, Jimmy Pickett falls in love with Aida Fippany, whose father is interested only in Marseillaise, a filly. Aida thinks Jimmy is trifling with her and she and her mother decide to go live with a relative. Fippany, disconsolate, sells Marseilliase to Jimmy's father and disappears. Jimmy finds Aida and convinces her of his love. Marseillaise, badly driven, loses a heat in a race. Fippany appears and drives her to victory, and then is reunited with his wife Josephine.

## Cast

* Jack Mulhall as Jimmy Pickett
* Madge Bellamy as Aida Fippany
* J. Farrell MacDonald as Jean Paul Fippany
* Claire McDowell as Josephine Fippany
* Harvey Clark as Baptiste
* Edward Martindel as John Pickett
* Evelyn Arden as Minnie Jordan
* Onest Conley as Eph
* Paul Panzer as Whitcomb
# 2019 New York Open – Doubles

Max Mirnyi and Philipp Oswald were the defending champions, but Mirnyi retired from professional tennis at the end of 2018 and Oswald chose not to participate this year.
Kevin Krawietz and Andreas Mies won their first ATP Tour title, defeating Santiago González and Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi in the final, 6–4, 7–5.

## Seeds

* Bob Bryan / Mike Bryan (first round)
* Ken Skupski / Neal Skupski (first round)
* Luke Bambridge / Jonny O'Mara (quarterfinals)
* Robert Lindstedt / Tim Pütz (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | B Bryan M Bryan | 6$^9$ | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Alt | T Sandgren J Withrow | 7$^{11}$ | 6 | | Alt | T Sandgren J Withrow | 6$^6$ | 6 | [8] | | | | | | | | |
| | R Albot J-P Smith | 1 | 6 | [8] | | A Mannarino H Nys | 7$^8$ | 4 | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| | A Mannarino H Nys | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | A Mannarino H Nys | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | |
| 3 | L Bambridge J O'Mara | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | S González A-u-H Qureshi | 6 | 3 | [12] | | | |
| | D Molchanov I Zelenay | 4 | 3 | | 3 | L Bambridge J O'Mara | 7$^7$ | 4 | [5] | | | | | | | | |
| WC | B Evans J Isner | 3 | 2 | | | S González A-u-H Qureshi | 6$^1$ | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| | S González A-u-H Qureshi | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | S González A-u-H Qureshi | 4 | 5 |
| Alt | P Lorenzi P Polansky | 1 | 6 | [11] | | | | | | | | | | | K Krawietz A Mies | 6 | 7 |
| | R Harrison J Thompson | 6 | 3 | [13] | | R Harrison J Thompson | 7$^7$ | 2 | [6] | | | | | | | | |
| WC | L Hewitt A Popyrin | 4 | 4 | | 4 | R Lindstedt T Pütz | 6$^5$ | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | R Lindstedt T Pütz | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 4 | R Lindstedt T Pütz | 2 | 4 | | | | |
| | M McDonald J Millman | 4 | 6 | [11] | | | | | | | K Krawietz A Mies | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | S Johnson R Opelka | 6 | 4 | [9] | | M McDonald J Millman | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Krawietz A Mies | 7 | 7$^7$ | | | K Krawietz A Mies | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | K Skupski N Skupski | 5 | 6$^3$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# National Commercial Bank (China)

The National Commercial Bank Limited, also known as Zhejiang Xingye Bank (Chinese: 浙江興業銀行), was a Chinese bank considered one of the "Three Southern Banks" during nationalist government era. It was merged to Bank of China (Hong Kong) in 2001.

## History

* 1907: Founded in Hangzhou by Zhejiang Provincial Railway Company (Chinese: 浙江省鐵路公司).
* 1908: Opened its Shanghai branch.
* 1915: Moved headquarters to Shanghai.
* 1946: Established Hong Kong branches.
* 1980: Moved headquarters to Beijing.
* 1989: Became a wholly owned subsidiary of Bank of China Group.
* 2001: Merged to form Bank of China (Hong Kong).
* Former branch in Hangzhou
* Former branch in Tianjin
* Former branch in Nanjing

## Notable staff

* Xu Xinliu (Singloh Hsu), general manager
# National Commission

National Commission may refer to:
* National Commission for Denotified, Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes
* National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples
* National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons
* National Commission on Libraries and Information Science
* National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse
* National Commission for Minorities
* National Commission on Population
* National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research
* National Commission on Resources for Youth
* National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling
* National Commission on Terrorist Attacks
* National Commission for Women
# National Commercial Bank of Scotland

The National Commercial Bank of Scotland Ltd. was a Scottish commercial bank. It was established in 1959 through a merger of the National Bank of Scotland (established in 1825) with the Commercial Bank of Scotland (established in 1810). Ten years later it merged with the Royal Bank of Scotland, to become the largest clearing bank in Scotland. The National Commercial Bank issued its own banknotes.
At its foundation, the National Commercial Bank of Scotland had assets of around £300 million, and had 476 branches in Scotland and England. A joint venture with asset management company Schroders in 1964 saw the launch of a Scottish merchant banking service. The bank acquired the 36 English and Welsh branches of The National Bank Ltd., when the Irish operations of that institution were bought by the Bank of Ireland in 1966. The National Commercial Bank also established a "ladies branch" for female customers, staffed entirely by women.
By 1969 economic conditions were becoming more difficult for the banking sector. In response, the National Commercial Bank merged with the Royal Bank of Scotland. The resulting company had 662 branches. The merger resulted in a new holding company, National & Commercial Banking Group Ltd. The English and Welsh branches were reorganised as Williams & Glyn's Bank, while the Scottish branches transferred to the Royal Bank name. The holding company was renamed Royal Bank of Scotland Group in 1979 and NatWest Group in 2020.
# The Energy Check Stadium

The Energy Check Stadium is the sponsored name of two British football stadiums:
* The Energy Check Stadium at Gigg Lane, home of Bury F.C.
* The Energy Check County Ground, home of Swindon Town F.C
# National Competition

National Competition may refer to:
* NZRL Men's National Competition, the top-level rugby league competition in New Zealand.
* National Competition Council, an Australian research and advisory body.
* National Competition of Horsemen, an Icelandic horse racing and breeding exhibition.
* National Competition Policy (India)
* National Competition Policy (Australia)
# The Cotton Exchange, Karachi

The Cotton Exchange, Karachi is located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It is the largest cotton trading exchange in Pakistan.

## History

Founded in 1933, it is the oldest commodity exchange in Pakistan.

## Building

The exterior of the structure has remained intact over time. The façade is as beautiful as it was when it was initially built. There are small indications of wear and tear, but the interiors have not changed considerably. The unchanged furnishings, slow-moving ceiling fans, and historic portraits that adorn the building's walls preserve its authenticity.
# National Radium Institute

The National Radium Institute (NRI) was an organization incorporated in 1913 to extract radium from US domestic sources for use in cancer treatment and possible industrial use and in the process to develop more efficient methods of radium extraction. It was headquartered in Denver, Colorado. The institute was a joint project initiated by Dr. Howard Kelly a physician at Johns Hopkins University, and James S. Douglas, a mining executive and philanthropist, in cooperation with the US Bureau of Mines.
The Institute's main radium plant in Denver was closed down in April 1917 and the NRI was officially dissolved as a corporation in Delaware in late 1919 and in Colorado on 20 January 1920. NRI's plants and sites changed hands and uses several times in the following decades. In 1988, the institute's last two surviving buildings were demolished "due to extensive radiological contamination".
# Sympherobius occidentalis

Sympherobius occidentalis is a species of brown lacewing in the family Hemerobiidae. It is found in North America.
# Studebaker Light Four

The Studebaker Light Four was an automobile produced by the Studebaker Corporation of South Bend, Indiana in 1918 and 1919. The car was officially designated Model SH Series 19 and available as a touring car, sedan and roadster.
The Light Four rode a 112 in (2,800 mm) wheelbase, and was powered by Studebaker's side-valve inline 192 cu in (3,150 cc) four-cylinder engine, delivering 40 bhp (30 kW) at 2,000 rpm. It shared the chassis and length with the Studebaker Light Six.
The Light Four was dropped in 1920 as Studebaker shifted its model range to the more popular Light Six, Special Six and the Big Six.
Because of its low production numbers, the Light Four is considered to be a rare model by Studebaker collectors of this era of automobile. Retail prices started from US$1,125 to $1,685 ($22,789 to $34,132 in 2023 dollars).
# Berga, Saxony-Anhalt

Berga is a municipality in the Mansfeld-Südharz district, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
The municipality consists of three villages:
* Berga
* Bösenrode
* Rosperwenda
Berga-Kelbra station, which is on the Halle–Hann. Münden railway is located in Berga.
# Johannite Church

The Johannite Church (full title: l'Église Johannite des Chrétiens Primitifs, “The Johannite Church of Primitive Christians”) was a Gnostic Christian denomination founded by the French priest Bernard-Raymond Fabré-Palaprat in 1804.
The Johannite Church received its full name in 1828 after Fabré-Palaprat's claimed discovery of the Levitikon gospels. It is termed "Johannite" because it claims continuity with the primitive Johannine Christianity of saints John the Baptist and John the Apostle, and other Christian scriptures attributed to John.