# Demographics of Tees Valley

Demography of the Tees Valley or Teesside metropolitan area of England is recorded with differing definitions. The area's fragmented data into different area definitions every other census after 1971 has meant a lack of clear lineal correlation analysis and anachronistic data.
The first recording of the multiple towns in the area with combined statistics was the 1971 census, during the 1968–1974 borough of Teesside's existence. By the 1981 and 1991 censuses the borough had been split into three (Middlesbrough, Stockton-On-Tees and what is now known as Redcar and Cleveland) with the additional Borough of Hartlepool to form the County of Cleveland for the combined statistical data of the area. For the 2001 and 2011 Censuses, the county had been abolished with an area recorded (between the size of the Teesside borough and the three replacement boroughs) as an urban area and built-up area respectively. The former county's four boroughs and the Borough of Darlington are now recorded as the Tees Valley Combined Authority mayoral area which was created in 2016 with its first census in 2021.
The newly formed Tees Valley Combined Authority encompasses 678,000 people and an area of 795 square kilometres (307 sq mi) over its 5 borough councils.
12345 :
| 1 | Darlington 109,469 197 mi$^2$ |
| 2 | Hartlepool 93,861 94 mi$^2$ |
| 3 | Stockton-on-Tees 199,966 205 mi$^2$ |
| 4 | Middlesbrough 148,285 54 mi$^2$ |
| 5 | Redcar and Cleveland 137,175 245 mi$^2$ |

## Population

Population of Tees Valley by district (2022) :
| District | Land area | Land area | Population | Population | Density (/km$^2$) |
| District | (km$^2$) | (%) | People | (%) | Density (/km$^2$) |
| Darlington | 197 | 25% | 109,469 | 16% | 554 |
| Hartlepool | 94 | 12% | 93,861 | 14% | 1,002 |
| Middlesbrough | 54 | 7% | 148,285 | 22% | 2,752 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | 245 | 31% | 137,175 | 20% | 560 |
| Stockton-on-Tees | 205 | 26% | 199,966 | 29% | 976 |
| Tees Valley | 795 | 100% | 688,756 | 100% | 866 |

### Modern

This is using reliable and government given statistics, both as combined data and broken down to Unitary Area divisions.
Population Change of Tees Valley :
| Census year | Total Population | Population Increase | Population Increase | Middlesbrough | Middlesbrough | Stockton-On-Tees | Stockton-On-Tees | Redcar and Cleveland | Redcar and Cleveland | Darlington | Darlington | Hartlepool | Hartlepool |
| Census year | Total Population | % | Actual | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change |
| 1981 | - (No Combined Data) | - | - | 150,600 | - | 173,900 | - | 150,900 | - | 98,600 | - | 94,900 | - |
| 1991 | - (No Combined Data) | - | - | 144,700 | -3.92 | 175,200 | 0.75 | 145,900 | -3.31 | 99,300 | 0.71 | 91,100 | -4 |
| 2001 | 652,200 | - | - | 141,200 | -2.42 | 183,800 | 4.91 | 139,200 | -4.59 | 97,900 | -1.41 | 90,200 | -0.99 |
| 2011 | 663,000 | 1.66 | 10,800 | 138,400 | -1.98 | 191,800 | 4.35 | 135,200 | -2.87 | 105,600 | 7.87 | 92,100 | 2.11 |
| 2021 | 678,400 | 2.32 | 15,400 | 143,000 | 3.32 | 197,000 | 2.71 | 136,600 | 1.04 | 108,200 | 2.46 | 92,600 | 0.54 |

### Historical

The following information cannot be easily compared to the modern data, due to the fact that the administrative areas of the modern districts do not fully map to that of historical land divisions, meaning the population estimates for before 1981 must be taken with this context.
The University of Portsmouth mapped out historic data from 1801 to 1911, using modern Unitary Area land divisions to try and create estimates for what the population for each borough was like. The created estimates cannot be described as accurate, but use the non profit organisation UK Data Service's collection of sources, specifically the GBHDB.
University of Portsmouth Population Estimates :
| Year | Total Population | Population Increase | Population Increase | Middlesbrough | Middlesbrough | Stockton-On-Tees | Stockton-On-Tees | Redcar and Cleveland | Redcar and Cleveland | Darlington | Darlington | Hartlepool | Hartlepool |
| Year | Total Population | % | Actual | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change |
| 1801 | 27,506 | - | - | 1,699 | - | 7,121 | - | 6,516 | - | 8,836 | - | 3,334 | - |
| 1811 | 28,631 | 4.09 | 1,125 | 1,735 | 2.12 | 7,372 | 3.52 | 6,714 | 3.04 | 9,356 | 5.89 | 3,454 | 3.6 |
| 1821 | 31,858 | 11.27 | 3,227 | 1,963 | 13.14 | 8,333 | 13.04 | 7,190 | 7.09 | 10,470 | 11.91 | 3,902 | 12.97 |
| 1831 | 37,405 | 17.41 | 5,547 | 2,132 | 8.61 | 9,975 | 19.7 | 7,228 | 0.53 | 13,379 | 27.78 | 4,691 | 20.22 |
| 1841 | 48,998 | 30.99 | 11,593 | 2,786 | 30.68 | 15,929 | 59.69 | 6,907 | -4.44 | 15,801 | 18.1 | 7,575 | 61.48 |
| 1851 | 58,910 | 20.23 | 9,912 | 3,334 | 19.67 | 21,026 | 32 | 7,995 | 15.75 | 16,508 | 4.47 | 10,047 | 32.63 |
| 1861 | 96,181 | 63.27 | 37,271 | 4,233 | 26.96 | 27,953 | 32.94 | 14,474 | 81.04 | 20,333 | 23.17 | 29,188 | 190.51 |
| 1871 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1881 | 277,991 | - | - | 61,556 | - | 65,017 | - | 58,107 | - | 44,713 | - | 48,598 | - |
| 1891 | 337,313 | 21.34 | 59,322 | 81,711 | 32.74 | 80,665 | 24.07 | 61,303 | 5.5 | 47,047 | 5.22 | 66,587 | 37.02 |
| 1901 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1911 | 444,803 | - | - | 114,417 | - | 91,582 | - | 84,838 | - | 66,038 | - | 87,928 | - |
| 1921 | 493,225 | 10.89 | 48,422 | 129,376 | 13.07 | 102,508 | 11.93 | 93,120 | 9.76 | 74,899 | 13.42 | 93,322 | 6.13 |
| 1931 | 519,245 | 5.28 | 26,020 | 137,810 | 6.52 | 115,979 | 13.14 | 92,389 | -0.79 | 80,342 | 7.27 | 92,725 | -0.64 |
| 1941 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1951 | 568,536 | - | - | 147,034 | - | 130,191 | - | 103,907 | - | 94,759 | - | 92,645 | - |
| 1961 | 621,695 | 9.35 | 53,159 | 161,778 | 10.03 | 146,975 | 12.89 | 120,500 | 15.97 | 94,947 | 0.2 | 97,495 | 5.24 |
| 1971 | 665,255 | 7.01 | 43,560 | 99,606 | -38.43 | 180,909 | 23.09 | 189,741 | 57.46 | 97,702 | 2.9 | 97,297 | -0.2 |
| 1981 | 657,988 | -1.09 | -7,267 | 147,418 | 48 | 171,165 | -5.39 | 149,857 | -21.02 | 95,622 | -2.13 | 93,926 | -3.46 |
| 1991 | 649,183 | -1.34 | -8,805 | 140,857 | -4.45 | 173,900 | 1.6 | 145,119 | -3.16 | 98,912 | 3.44 | 90,395 | -3.76 |
| 2001 | 638,847 | -1.59 | -10,336 | 134,832 | -4.28 | 178,447 | 2.61 | 139,125 | -4.13 | 97,817 | -1.11 | 88,626 | -1.96 |
| 2011 | 662,791 | 3.75 | 23,944 | 138,412 | 2.66 | 191,610 | 7.38 | 135,177 | -2.84 | 105,564 | 7.92 | 92,028 | 3.84 |
* (Estimated) Total population of Tees Valley
* (Estimated) Historical Population by Region
The 1911 Preliminary Census Report, was a short summary of the changes in populations of the UK. In the section for towns, the settlements of Middlesbrough, Stockton, and Darlington are mentioned with details about their overall population change.
1911 Preliminary Census Report :
| Year | Total Population | Population Increase | Population Increase | Middlesbrough | Middlesbrough | Stockton-On-Tees | Stockton-On-Tees | Redcar and Cleveland | Redcar and Cleveland | Darlington | Darlington | Hartlepool | Hartlepool |
| Year | Total Population | % | Actual | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change | Total | % Change |
| 1891 | - | - | - | 75,532 | - | 49,708 | - | - | - | 38,060 | - | - | - |
| 1901 | - | - | - | 91,302 | +20.9 | 51,478 | +3.6 | - | - | 44,511 | +16.9 | - | - |
| 1911 | - | - | - | 104,787 | +14.8 | 52,158 | +1.3 | - | - | 55,633 | +25.0 | - | - |

## Religion, Language and Identity
### Religion

The religious statistics for 2021 for the Tees Valley Combined Authority, were released in the December 2022 statistics. For the area, the largest recorded group were Christian (50.7%), followed by None Religious (39.0%), the third largest was No Answer (5.2%), those identifying as Muslim came fourth (3.8%). The rest of the categories were all less than 1%, and so approximations of their total size may be inaccurate due to accuracy loss. Those identifying as Hindu were the fifth largest (0.5%), followed by equal percentages for Buddhist, Sikh and 'Other Religion'. Those identifying as Jewish recorded less than 0.1%, so the recorded number is unknown.
2021 Religious Data :
| Religion | Tees Valley CA (Approximate) | Tees Valley CA (Approximate) | England % |
| Religion | Capita | % | England % |
| No religion | 264,108 | 39.0 | 36.7 |
| Christian | 343,340 | 50.7 | 46.3 |
| Buddhist | 2,032 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
| Hindu | 3,386 | 0.5 | 1.8 |
| Jewish | - | 0.0 | 0.5 |
| Muslim | 25,734 | 3.8 | 6.7 |
| Sikh | 2,032 | 0.3 | 0.9 |
| Other religion | 2,032 | 0.3 | 0.6 |
| Not answered | 35,214 | 5.2 | 6.0 |

### Language

2021 Proficiency in English (Of those above 3 years old) :
| Category | Tees Valley CA | England |
| Main language is English | 96.4% | 90.8% |
| Can speak English very well | 1.4% | 4% |
| Can speak English well | 1.3% | 3.3% |
| Cannot speak English well | 0.8% | 1.6% |
| Cannot speak English | 0.1% | 0.3% |

### Ethnicity and Identity

2021 Ethnicity of Tees Valley :
| Category | Tees Valley CA | England |
| Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 4.4% | 9.6% |
| Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 1.1% | 4.2% |
| Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 1.3% | 3% |
| White | 92.1% | 81% |
| Other ethnic group | 1.1% | 2.2% |
Ethnicity Break Down :
| Year | Category | 2011 | 2011 | 2021 | 2021 |
| Year | Category | Number | % | Number | % |
| Tees Valley CA | Total | 663,000 | 100 | 678,400 | 100 |
| Tees Valley CA | Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | - | - | 29,849 | 4.4 |
| Tees Valley CA | Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | - | - | 7,462 | 1.1 |
| Tees Valley CA | Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | - | - | 8,819 | 1.3 |
| Tees Valley CA | White | - | - | 624,806 | 92.1 |
| Tees Valley CA | Other ethnic group | - | - | 7,462 | 1.1 |
| Middlesbrough | Total | 138,400 | 100 | 143,000 | 100 |
| Middlesbrough | Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 10,795 | 7.8 | 15,015 | 10.5 |
| Middlesbrough | Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 1,799 | 1.3 | 3861 | 2.7 |
| Middlesbrough | Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 2353 | 1.7 | 3003 | 2.1 |
| Middlesbrough | White | 122,069 | 88.2 | 117832 | 82.4 |
| Middlesbrough | Other ethnic group | 1522 | 1.1 | 3432 | 2.4 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Total | 191,800 | 100 | 197,000 | 100 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 6713 | 3.5 | 9062 | 4.6 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 1151 | 0.6 | 2167 | 1.1 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 1918 | 1.0 | 2758 | 1.4 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | White | 181,443 | 94.6 | 181,240 | 92.0 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Other ethnic group | 575 | 0.3 | 1576 | 0.8 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Total | 135,200 | 100 | 136,600 | 100 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 811 | 0.6 | 1093 | 0.8 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 135 | 0.1 | 273 | 0.2 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 811 | 0.6 | 1229 | 0.9 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | White | 133172 | 98.5 | 133,458 | 97.7 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Other ethnic group | 135 | 0.1 | 546 | 0.4 |
| Darlington | Total | 105,600 | 100 | 108,200 | 100 |
| Darlington | Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 2218 | 2.1 | 3030 | 2.8 |
| Darlington | Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 317 | 0.3 | 757 | 0.7 |
| Darlington | Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 1162 | 1.1 | 1515 | 1.4 |
| Darlington | White | 101,587 | 96.2 | 102,141 | 94.4 |
| Darlington | Other ethnic group | 211 | 0.2 | 974 | 0.9 |
| Hartlepool | Total | 92,100 | 100 | 92,600 | 100 |
| Hartlepool | Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 1289 | 1.4 | 1574 | 1.7 |
| Hartlepool | Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 184 | 0.2 | 463 | 0.5 |
| Hartlepool | Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 553 | 0.6 | 648 | 0.7 |
| Hartlepool | White | 89,982 | 97.7 | 89,359 | 96.5 |
| Hartlepool | Other ethnic group | 92 | 0.1 | 556 | 0.6 |
National Identity :
| Category | Tees Valley CA | England |
| One or more UK identity only | 95.5% | 88% |
| UK identity and non-UK identity | 0.7% | 2% |
| Non-UK identity only | 3.9% | 10% |
National Identity Breakdown :
| Year | Category | 2011 | 2011 | 2021 | 2021 |
| Year | Category | Number | % | Number | % |
| Tees Valley CA | Total | 663,000 | 100 | 678,400 | 100 |
| Tees Valley CA | One or more UK identity only | - | - | 647872 | 95.5 |
| Tees Valley CA | UK identity and non-UK identity | - | - | 4748.8 | 0.7 |
| Tees Valley CA | Non-UK identity only | - | - | 26457.6 | 3.9 |
| Middlesbrough | Total | 138,400 | 100 | 143,000 | 100 |
| Middlesbrough | British only identity | 20344.8 | 14.7 | 82082 | 57.4 |
| Middlesbrough | Welsh only identity | 138 | 0.1 | 143 | 0.1 |
| Middlesbrough | Welsh and British only identity | - | 0.0 | - | 0.0 |
| Middlesbrough | English only identity | 96050 | 69.4 | 20449 | 14.3 |
| Middlesbrough | English and British only identity | 13148 | 9.5 | 26741 | 18.7 |
| Middlesbrough | Any other combination of only UK identities | 1384 | 1 | 1001 | 0.7 |
| Middlesbrough | Non-UK identity only | 6643 | 4.8 | 11297 | 7.9 |
| Middlesbrough | UK identity and non-UK identity | 554 | 0.4 | 1287 | 0.9 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Total | 191,800 | 100 | 197,000 | 100 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | British only identity | 27044 | 14.1 | 117412 | 59.6 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Welsh only identity | 384 | 0.2 | 197 | 0.1 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Welsh and British only identity | - | 0.0 | 197 | 0.1 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | English only identity | 136945 | 71.4 | 31914 | 16.2 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | English and British only identity | 19947 | 10.4 | 38021 | 19.3 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Any other combination of only UK identities | 2493 | 1.3 | 1773 | 0.9 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | Non-UK identity only | 4220 | 2.2 | 6107 | 3.1 |
| Stockton-On-Tees | UK identity and non-UK identity | 575 | 0.3 | 1379 | 0.7 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Total | 135,200 | 100 | 136,600 | 100 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | British only identity | 17035 | 12.6 | 79638 | 58.3 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Welsh only identity | 270 | 0.2 | 137 | 0.1 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Welsh and British only identity | - | 0.0 | 137 | 0.1 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | English only identity | 100454 | 74.3 | 25408 | 18.6 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | English and British only identity | 14196 | 10.5 | 27593 | 20.2 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Any other combination of only UK identities | 1758 | 1.3 | 1229 | 0.9 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | Non-UK identity only | 1217 | 0.9 | 2049 | 1.5 |
| Redcar and Cleveland | UK identity and non-UK identity | 270 | 0.2 | 546 | 0.4 |
| Darlington | Total | 105,600 | 100 | 108,200 | 100 |
| Darlington | British only identity | 15523 | 14.7 | 63081 | 58.3 |
| Darlington | Welsh only identity | 317 | 0.3 | 108 | 0.1 |
| Darlington | Welsh and British only identity | 106 | 0.1 | 108 | 0.1 |
| Darlington | English only identity | 73392 | 69.5 | 17961 | 16.6 |
| Darlington | English and British only identity | 10771 | 10.2 | 19476 | 18 |
| Darlington | Any other combination of only UK identities | 2112 | 2.0 | 1623 | 1.5 |
| Darlington | Non-UK identity only | 3062 | 2.9 | 4869 | 4.5 |
| Darlington | UK identity and non-UK identity | 317 | 0.3 | 974 | 0.9 |
| Hartlepool | Total | 92,100 | 100 | 92,600 | 100 |
| Hartlepool | British only identity | 10315 | 11.2 | 53152 | 57.4 |
| Hartlepool | Welsh only identity | 92 | 0.1 | 93 | 0.1 |
| Hartlepool | Welsh and British only identity | - | 0.0 | 93 | 0.1 |
| Hartlepool | English only identity | 69812 | 75.8 | 16390 | 17.7 |
| Hartlepool | English and British only identity | 9486 | 10.3 | 20002 | 21.6 |
| Hartlepool | Any other combination of only UK identities | 921 | 1.0 | 556 | 0.6 |
| Hartlepool | Non-UK identity only | 1289 | 1.4 | 2037 | 2.2 |
| Hartlepool | UK identity and non-UK identity | 184 | 0.2 | 370 | 0.4 |
Country of Birth :
| Category | Tees Valley CA | England |
| Born in the UK | 93.2% | 82.6% |
| Born outside the UK | 6.8% | 17.4% |