OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ministry of Posts and Communications

The Ministry of Posts and Communications or Youchuanbu (Chinese: 郵傳部; pinyin: Yóuchuánbù) was a late Qing dynasty ministry responsible for mail and telecommunications and for the Chinese rail network.
It was established in 1906 through the unification of the Imperial Railroad of North China and other railroads with the postal administration and the recently nationalized Imperial Chinese Telegraph Administration.
In 1908, it founded the Bank of Communications to redeem the Beijing–Hankou Railway from its Belgian concessionaires. The bank was also intended to unify funding for steamship lines, railways, and telegraph and postal facilities. After the establishment of the Central Bank of China in 1928, the Bank of Communications was used to fund general industrial development.
After the 1911 revolution gave its name to the Communications Clique during the Warlord Era.
# Battle of Mekelle

Battle of Mekelle may refer to:
* Battle of Mekelle (1896)
* Battle of Mekelle (2020)
# Battigny

Battigny (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in northeastern France.
# Mina Fonda Ochtman

Mina Fonda Ochtman (1862–1924) was an American Impressionist painter noted for her watercolors of landscapes and coastal scenes. She was wife of the artist Leonard Ochtman, and an active member of the Cos Cob Art Colony in Greenwich, Connecticut the early 20th century.

## Life and career

Mina Fonda was born in Laconia, New Hampshire in 1862. In 1886 she went to New York City to study at the Art Students League of New York with Kenyon Cox.
She married Leonard Ochtman in 1891. They settled in Cos Cob and established a summer art school in 1910. Leonard served as the founder and first vice president of the Greenwich Society of Artists in 1912, and served as its president from 1919 to 1932.
The forested home that Leonard and Mina shared was known as "Greyledge," and served as a center of attraction for local artists. Their home and the landscapes which surrounded it are featured in many of their works. They had two children, Dorothy Ochtman Del Mar, who was also an artist, and Leonard Ochtman Jr.
Mina Ochtman was a member of the National Association of Women Artists as well as several watercolor societies.
She died in 1924.
# Joseph Mensah

Joseph Mensah may refer to:
* Joseph Mensah (footballer) (born 1994), Ghanaian footballer
* Joseph Mensah (police officer) Involved in the Shooting of Alvin Cole
* Joseph Mensah (politician) (born 1957), Ghanaian politician
* Joseph Henry Mensah (1928–2018), Ghanaian politician and economist
# Joseph Doyle (baseball)

Joseph Doyle was the brother-in-law of Charlie Byrne and part of the original ownership team of what became the Brooklyn Dodgers.
# Minashvili

Minashvili (Georgian: მინაშვილი) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Akaki Minashvili (born 1980), Georgian politician
* Guram Minashvili (1935–2015), Georgian basketball player
* Mamuka Minashvili (born 1971), Georgian football player
# Minkowski space (number field)

In mathematics, specifically the field of algebraic number theory, a Minkowski space is a Euclidean space associated with an algebraic number field.
If K is a number field of degree d then there are d distinct embeddings of K into C. We let K$_C$ be the image of K in the product C$^d$, considered as equipped with the usual Hermitian inner product. If c denotes complex conjugation, let K$_R$ denote the subspace of K$_C$ fixed by c, equipped with a scalar product. This is the Minkowski space of K.
# Curiche Grande River

The Curiche Grande River (also known in English as the Corixa Grande River; in Brazil it is called Corixa Grande, and in Bolivia Curiche Grande) is a river of Mato Grosso state in western Brazil. It forms a portion of the international border between Brazil and Bolivia.
# Benjamin West Clinedinst

Benjamin West Clinedinst (October 14, 1859 – September 12, 1931) was an American book illustrator and portrait painter. The New International Encyclopedia considered that his "sympathetic collaboration" with the authors of the books he illustrated gave his works "a special charm".

## Biography

Clinedinst was born to Barnett M. Clinedinst and Mary C. South on October 14, 1859, in Woodstock, Virginia. His father was a photographer and inventor who named him after painter Benjamin West. Clinedinst attended Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia. He studied for a year in Baltimore, and for five years in Paris under Cabanel and Bonnat.
He first attracted attention in New York City with his illustrations for Leslie's Weekly. He exhibited two works – The Water Colorist and Monsieur's Mail – at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.
Clinedinst painted a mural of Virginia Military Institute cadets at the 1864 Battle of New Market. The 1913 mural is on display in V.M.I.'s Jackson Memorial Hall.
In 1894, he was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate Academician, and became a full Academician in 1898. He was awarded the Evans prize of the American Watercolor Society in 1900.
Clinedinst died on September 12, 1931, in Pawling, New York.

## Memorial medal

In 1947 the nonprofit Artists' Fellowship, Inc. established the Benjamin West Clinedinst Memorial Medal for exceptional artistic merit. Past winners include William H. Bailey, Will Barnet, Stanley Bleifeld, Paul Bransom, Paul Cadmus, Lois Dodd, Jane Freilicher, Robert Beverly Hale, Paul Jenkins, Morton Kaish, Everett Raymond Kinstler, Robert Kipniss, Knox Martin, Louise Nevelson, Pat Oliphant, Philip Pearlstein, and Norman Rockwell.
* The Water Colorist (c.1891)
* Monsieur's Mail (c.1893)
* The Woman-Suffrage Movement in New York City (1894)
# Mogán

Mogán is a town and a Spanish municipality in the southwestern part of the island of Gran Canaria, which is one of the three main islands making up the Province of Las Palmas in the Canary Islands, Spain. Its population is 21,782 (2013), and the area is 172.44 km$^2$.

## Geography

Mogán is the second largest municipality by area on the island. It includes the fishing towns of Puerto de Mogán and Arguineguín. Much of the population lives on the Atlantic coastline. The town of Mogán is about 8 kilometres from the coast, 11 km north of Puerto Rico de Gran Canaria and 40 km south-west of Las Palmas. The GC-1 motorway passes through the south of the municipality. There is a string of tourist resorts along the coast.
The main settlements are:
* Arguineguín
* Cornisa del Suroeste
* Mogán
* Playa de Mogán
* Puerto de Mogán
* Puerto Rico
* Puerto de Mogan, coconut palms.
* Puerto de Mogan, a resort and fishing village.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1991 | 8,688 | — |
| 1996 | 10,398 | +19.7% |
| 2001 | 12,444 | +19.7% |
| 2002 | 15,935 | +28.1% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2003 | 15,932 | −0.0% |
| 2004 | 15,176 | −4.7% |
| 2013 | 21,782 | +43.5% |
| 2017 | 19,783 | −9.2% |

## Heritage sites
### Archaeology

Three sites on the municipality grounds are listed Property of cultural interest in the "archaeological zone" category:
    The Cats' ravine (cañada de los Gatos or Lomo los Gatos) is located at the mouth of the Mogan ravine that opens onto Mogan beach.
    The valley of the Sea (cañada de la Mar) was also declared Property of cultural interest as archaeological zone, in 2005.
    Veneguera's "Cogolla" (La Cogolla de Veneguera) is in the upper part of the Veneguera ravine in the north-west of the municipality.

### Ethnology

Mogan's windmill ("molino quemado de Mogán" is listed since 2002 as Heritage site in the category "ethnological site".
* Mogan ravine
* Veneguera
* The Burnt mill (Molino quemado)
# Mucilaginibacter jinjuensis

Mucilaginibacter jinjuensis is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Mucilaginibacter which has been isolated from rotten wood in Jinju in Korea. Mucilaginibacter jinjuensis has the ability to degrade xylan.
# Columbus Painter

The Columbus Painter was an ancient Corinthian vase painter in the black-figure style; his real name is unknown. He was active during the transitional period between orientalising vase painting and black-figure proper (c. 640–625 BC). He was a pupil of the Painter of Palermo 489 and, in turn, the teacher of the Chimaira Painter and thus a major influence on the Chimaira Group dominated by the latter. Characteristic are his powerful lions. He painted especially aryballoi.
# Nancy Padian

Nancy Padian (born 1952) is a medical researcher and former executive director of the Women's Global Health Imperative when it was at the University of California, San Francisco. She is senior director of prevention at the Pangaea Global AIDS Foundation. Padian has been described as among the "world's foremost experts on the heterosexual transmission of AIDS."
Padian received an undergraduate degree in child development and education from Syracuse University. Though initially interested in psychology, she was drawn to epidemiology by its potential to improve the lives of many people. She subsequently received a master's degree and a doctorate from the School of Public Health at the University of California, Berkeley. Beginning her graduate studies during the early stages of HIV/AIDS research, Padian was among the first to conduct large-scale studies proving heterosexual transmission of HIV, establishing risk factors which can be avoided to minimize harm.
Padian is married to Kevin Padian, Professor of Integrative Biology at the University of California, Berkeley, Curator of Paleontology, University of California Museum of Paleontology and President of the National Center for Science Education.
Padian has been involved in several scientific studies, one which was led by her, was a 10-year study which was regarded as the longest and largest epidemiological study of the heterosexual transmission of HIV at the time.
# 4th Central Committee

4th Central Committee may refer to:
* Central Committee of the 4th Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, 1906–1907
* 4th Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, 1925–1927
* 4th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba, 1991–1997
* 4th Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, 1986–1991
* 4th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, 1976–1982
* Central Committee of the 4th Congress of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, 1928–1945
* 4th Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, 1961–1970
# Belmont, Jura

Belmont (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Jura department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# João José Baldi

João José Baldi (1770–1816) was a composer who was pianist at the court of the Marquis of Alorna and opera conductor in Leiria. He was born in Lisbon, Portugal. He was a classical composer who composed mostly religious music: requiems. He was known in Leiria for his operas. He died in Lisbon.
# Minkowski sausage

The Minkowski sausage or Minkowski curve is a fractal first proposed by and named for Hermann Minkowski as well as its casual resemblance to a sausage or sausage links. The initiator is a line segment and the generator is a broken line of eight parts one fourth the length.
The Sausage has a Hausdorff dimension of $\left(\ln 8/\ln 4\ \right)=1.5=3/2$. It is therefore often chosen when studying the physical properties of non-integer fractal objects. It is strictly self-similar. It never intersects itself. It is continuous everywhere, but differentiable nowhere. It is not rectifiable. It has a Lebesgue measure of 0. The type 1 curve has a dimension of ⁠ln 5/ln 3⁠ ≈ 1.46.
Multiple Minkowski Sausages may be arranged in a four sided polygon or square to create a quadratic Koch island or Minkowski island/[snow]flake:
# Neon Porch Extravaganza

Neon Porch Extravaganza is an extended play by Crowder, recorded live and released by sixstepsrecords and Sparrow Records on October 30, 2015.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| 365 Days of Inspiring Media | |
| CCM Magazine | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
| New Release Today | |
Kevin Sparkman, indicating in a four star review by CCM Magazine, responds, "Don't worry, you won't feel dumb for picking up this release!" Awarding the EP four stars at New Release Today, Phronsie Howell states, "Crowder assembles an outstanding live set, and Neon Porch Extravaganza lets those who may not have been able to see it be a part of the experience." Mark D. Geil, giving the EP four stars from Jesus Freak Hideout, writes, "there's enough novelty to make the EP worthwhile, and the EP gives a good taste of just how much fun a Crowder show is." Rating the EP four stars for 365 Days of Inspiring Media, Jonathan Andre describes, "Neon Porch Extravaganza, just like its predecessor Neon Steeple, is just one great worship song after the other."

## Chart performance

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| US Christian Albums (Billboard) | 11 |
| US Top Rock Albums (Billboard) | 39 |
# Mordellina brevicauda

Mordellina brevicauda is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellina. It was described in 1967.
# Jérémie Battaglia

Jérémie Battaglia is a French Canadian director and cinematographer. He is best known for his documentary films Casseroles, Perfect (Parfaites) and The Brother (Le frère).

## Career

Battaglia was first recognized for the musical documentary Casseroles, about the 2012 Quebec student protests.
In 2016, he directed the feature documentary Perfect (Parfaites), about the Canada's synchronized swimming team as they prepare for the 2016 Summer Olympics. In 2021, he directed the documentary short The Brother (Le frère), about a young boy living with muscular dystrophy.
His feature film The Sum of Our Dreams premiered at the FIFA festival in March 2022.
A French Youth (Une jeunesse française) premiered at the 2024 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival, and was longlisted for the 2024 Jean-Marc Vallée DGC Discovery Award.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Contribution | Note |
| 2012 | Casseroles | Cinematographer | Musical documentary |
| 2013 | Anna et Otto | Cinematographer | Feature film |
| 2016 | Perfect (Parfaites) | Director, writer and cinematographer | Documentary |
| 2018 | A Wall Within | Cinematographer | Documentary |
| 2018 | Art Is My Country | Cinematographer | Documentary |
| 2019 | HAK_MTL | Cinematographer | Documentary |
| 2020 | Pivot | Director and cinematographer | Documentary |
| 2021 | Post humains | Director | Documentary |
| 2021 | La goutte de trop | Director and cinematographer | Documentary |
| 2021 | The Brother (Le frère) | Director, writer and cinematographer | Documentary short |
| 2022 | The Sum of Our Dreams | Director | Feature film |
| 2024 | A French Youth (Une jeunesse française) | Director | Feature film |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Work | Result |
| 2017 | Prix Iris | Best Cinematography in a Documentary | Perfect (Parfaites) | Nominated |
| 2017 | Prix Iris | Best Short Documentary | Perfect (Parfaites) | Nominated |
| 2021 | Prix Iris | Best Short Documentary | The Brother (Le frère) | Won |
| 2022 | Canadian Screen Awards | Best Short Documentary | The Brother (Le frère) | Nominated |
# Moot Hall, Brampton

The Moot Hall is a municipal building in The Market Place in Brampton, Cumbria, England. The building, which is used as a local tourist information office and as a meeting place for Brampton Parish Council, is a Grade II* listed building.

## History

The first moot hall in the Market Place in Brampton dated back at least to the mid-17th century. The Parliamentary forces of Oliver Cromwell, led by Major-General John Lambert, held 48 prisoners in the building in 1648 during the Second English Civil War. Then, in November 1745, the area in front of the moot hall hosted the Army of the Young Pretender, Charles Edward Stuart, as he laid siege to Carlisle Castle during the Jacobite rising.
The present building was commissioned by the lord of the manor, Frederick Howard, 5th Earl of Carlisle, whose seat was at Naworth Castle. It was designed in the Vernacular style, built in rubble masonry with a stucco finish and was completed in 1817. The design involved an octagonal structure facing west onto the Market Place. The first floor was faced with a stucco finish and there were quoins at the corners. There was a segmental-shaped opening with voussoirs on the ground floor flanked, on both sides, by a stone staircase with wrought iron railings which gave access to the first floor. On the first floor there was an arched doorway with an architrave at the front, and arched windows with architraves on the other sides. At roof level there was a clock tower with a belfry surmounted by an ogee-shaped roof, a ball finial and a weather vane. Internally, the principal rooms were the market hall on the ground floor and an assembly hall on the first floor. The ground floor was originally open and was used to sell poultry and dairy products. A ring to tether bulls for the purpose of bull-baiting was installed in the cobbles in front of the building, although this practice was outlawed by the Cruelty to Animals Act 1835.
George Howard, 9th Earl of Carlisle presented the building to Brampton Parish Council on 25 January 1896; work was initiated at that time to enclose the ground floor, and a plaque to commemorate the work of the local poet, Peter Burn, was installed on the staircase after he died in 1902.
The ground floor room subsequently became the home of the local tourist information office, while the assembly room on the first floor became the meeting place of Brampton Parish Council, and farmers' markets continued to be held on the last Saturday of every month in front of the moot hall.
# Moribund (album)

Moribund is the second album by Norwegian black metal band Koldbrann released in 2006. It features guest appearances by Iblis and L. Wachtfels from Endstille.

## Track listing

* "Alt er Befengt" (All is Infected) – 6:01
* "I Suveren Forakt" (In Sovereign Contempt) – 6:39
* "Steinet til Jorden" (Stoned to the Ground) – 5:58
* "Djevelens Treskeverk" (The Devil's Tresher) – 6:01
* "Smell of Vitriol" – 5:44
* "Moribund" – 5:37
* "Av Sjel Stagnert" (Of Stagnated Soul) – 6:40
* "Til Skiringsheim" – 2:14
* "Fullt Spekter Dominans" (Full Spectre Dominance) – 4:14
* "Skvadron" (Squadron) – 6:43
* "Bestial Swarm" – 3:56

## Credits

* Mannevond – guitar, vocals
* Kvass – guitar
* Fordervelse – drums
* S. Johnskareng – bass guitar
* G. Antonsen – guitar
* Iblis – additional vocals on "Bestial Swarm"
* L. Wachtfels – introduction on "Djevelens Treskeverk"
# Moricandia (gastropod)

Moricandia is a genus of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Odontostomidae.

## Species

* Moricandia angulata (Wagner, 1827)
* Moricandia auriscervina (A. Férussac, 1821)
* Moricandia bouvieri (Dautzenberg, 1896)
* Moricandia dubiosa (Jay, 1839)
* Moricandia nasuta (E. von Martens, 1885)
* Moricandia tolerata (Fulton, 1903)
* Moricandia willi (Dohrn, 1883)

### Species brought into synonymy

* Moricandia parallela (L. Pfeiffer, 1857): synonym of Bahiensis occultus (Reeve, 1849) (junior synonym)
# Moraxella cuniculi

Moraxella cuniculi is a Gram-negative bacterium in the genus Moraxella, which was isolated from the oral mucosa of a rabbit in Germany. The previous name was Neisseria cuniculi.
# Moraxella oblonga

Moraxella oblonga is a catalase- and oxidase-positive, Gram-negative bacterium in the genus Moraxella, which was isolated from the oral cavity of a sheep. Alysiella sp. was transferred to M. oblonga.
# Moraxella osloensis

Moraxella osloensis is a Gram-negative oxidase-positive, aerobic bacterium within the family Moraxellaceae in the gamma subdivision of the purple bacteria.
Moraxella osloensis is a mutualistic symbiont of the slug-parasitic nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita. In nature, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita vectors M. osloensis into the shell cavity of the slug host in which the bacteria multiply and kill the slug.

## Lifecycle

This bacterium has been identified as one of the natural symbionts of a bacteria-feeding nematode, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae), which is an endoparasite of slugs, including the slug Deroceras reticulatum (grey garden slug) which is one of the most serious agricultural and garden slug pests.
In nature, bacteria colonize the gut of nematode-infective juveniles which represent a specialized stage of development adapted for survival in the unfavorable environment. The infective juveniles seek out and enter the slug's shell cavity through the posterior mantle region. Once inside the shell cavity, the bacteria are released, and the infective juveniles resume growth, feeding on the multiplying bacteria. The infected slugs die in 4–10 days, and the nematodes colonize the entire carcass and produce next-generation infective juveniles, which leave the carcass to seek a new host. The bacteria are responsible for killing the slugs; nematodes without bacteria do not cause death.

## Biochemistry

The lipopolysaccharide, that is an endotoxin, from M. osloensis is a molluscicide for Deroceras reticulatum when applied by injection.
The lethality of these nematodes to slugs has been shown to correlate with the number of M. osloensis cells carried by infective juveniles. Tan and Grewal (2001) demonstrated that the 72-hour-old M. osloensis cultures inoculated into the shell cavity were highly pathogenic to the slug. They further reported that M. osloensis produced an endotoxin which was identified to be a rough type lipopolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 5300 KD, and the purified lipopolysaccharide was toxic to the slug with an estimated 50% lethal dose of 48 μg when injected into the shell cavity.

## Infections of humans

Although M. osloensis rarely infects humans, it can sometimes be found in a variety of tissues, where it sometimes causes disease. Antibiotics are usually effective against such infections.

## Odor

Moraxella osloensis has been found to be responsible for locker-room smell or shower-curtain odor.

## Classification

The species M. osloensis was proposed in 1967; the bacteria which are now considered to be M. osloensis would previously have been considered to be Moraxella nonliquefaciens or Mima polymorpha (var.) oxidans.
# Moraxella caviae

Moraxella caviae is a Gram-negative bacterium in the genus Moraxella, which was isolated from the pharyngeal region and mouth of guinea pig.
# Justice Eyre

Justice Eyre may refer to:
* Giles Eyre (c. 1635–1695), English judge who served as Justice of the King's Bench
* Samuel Eyre (1633–1698), English judge who served as Justice of the King's Bench
# Mucilaginibacter litoreus

Mucilaginibacter litoreus is a Gram-negative, facultatively aerobic, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Mucilaginibacter which has been isolated from marine sand from the western coast of Korea.
# Namawar Shah Ghazi

Namawar Shah Ghazi was the Baduspanid ruler (ustandar) of Rustamdar from 1272/3 to 1301/2. He was the son and successor of Shahragim.
An obscure ruler, he died in 1301/2 and was succeeded by his brother Kay Khusraw.
# Duncan River (New Zealand)

The Duncan River is a river in the West Coast Region of New Zealand. It arises in the Red Hills Range and flows north-east to the Gorge River, which flows west into the Tasman Sea.
# OIPC

OIPC may refer to:
* Office of Indigenous Policy Coordination, in Australia
* Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner, in Canadian privacy law
* Organisation internationale de police criminelle