OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Commercial Tavern

The Commercial Tavern is a pub at 142 Commercial Street, Spitalfields, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets.
It is a Grade II listed round-ended building of white brick with painted stucco dressings, erected in 1865 by Abraham Keymer, publican of the Norfolk Arms in nearby Bethnal Green.

## Licence holders and residents

A variety of sources provide information about the licence holder at various points in time:
1865 – Abraham Keymer (Survey of London)
1866 – Abraham Keymer (Post Office Directory)
1869 – Abraham Keymer (Post Office Directory)
1873 – Abraham Keymer transferred the license to Thomas Hoare (East London Observer)
1875 – Charles Entwhistle (Post Office Directory)
1881 – James Blumson of Bethnal Green (Census) ... Blumson was 32yo and lived on site with his wife Rose Blumson of Spitalfields, 29yo, their daughter Rose, 8yo, and five employees: Alfred Narey of Shoreditch, 23yo; Phoebe Narey of Bethnal Green, 22yo; Daniel McCue of Hoxton, 30yo; Charles Bailey of Aberdeen, 23yo; Eliza Darking of Bethnal Green, 27yo.
1884 – William Blumson (Post Office Directory)
1891 – William Blumson (Post Office Directory)
1891 – William Blumson of Spitalfields (Census) ... Blumson was 40yo and lived on site with his wife Lizzie Blumson of Manchester, 30yo, their eldest son William Blumson Jr, 19yo, who they employed as a barman, their three younger sons, John, 9yo, Alan, 7yo and Charlie, 4yo, their nephew Bertie Roberts of Dalston, 9yo, and two servants: William Miller of Stepney, 22yo, and (illegible first name) Bourne of Bury, 20yo.
1895 – William Blumson (Post Office Directory)
1899 – William Blumson (Post Office Directory)
1908 – Joseph Pailes (Post Office Directory)
1911 – Joseph Pailes of Southwark (Census) ... Pailes was 59yo and lived on site with his wife Caroline Pailes of Southwark, 58yo, four children Alfred, 26yo, Florrie, 22yo, Edward, 16yo and William, 8yo, and one servant: Louisa Johnson of London, 53yo.
1912 – Joseph Pailes (Post Office Directory)
1914 – Joseph Pailes (Post Office Directory)
1917 – Joseph Pailes (Post Office Directory)
1934 – A G Pailes (Kelly's Directory)
1944 – Copes Taverns (Post Office Directory)
# Survival / The Barbarian

Survival / The Barbarian is a package of two board games published by Task Force Games in 1979.

## Gameplay

This is a package of two unrelated games: Survival, a science fiction combat game set on an alien planet; and The Barbarian, a fantasy quest game. Either game can be completed in 15 to 45 minutes. The components are an 8.5" x 5.5" 12-page rulebook with full-color cover; 108 multicolored die-cut counters; two 11" x 17" maps (one for each game); an information sheet; all of the components packaged in a ziplock bag.

### Survival

In the basic solitaire game of Survival, the player is the pilot of a scout spaceship that has crashed on an alien planet. The player must find his way across a hostile landscape to the nearest survival station, fighting off random monsters on the way. The game also contains a number of scenarios for 2-6 players.
Before play begins, each player equips their character with weapons. Combat is simple: the player is allowed one round of ranged fire, and then fights the monster hand-to-hand. Combat is resolved by using a single 6-sided die plus combat bonuses to equal or exceed the target's defense strength. Each successful hit deals one or more wounds; each character can take up to six wounds, with one wound restored through rest every third turn.

### The Barbarian

The Barbarian is a two-player game where one player is Vaam the Barbarian, moving through the countryside seeking his grandfather's sword and shield. The other player controls the random monsters that populate the countryside. Combat is similar to Survival except that two dice are rolled instead of one, and Vaam can receive twenty wounds before dying. The Barbarian can also be played as a solitaire game.

## Video game

Task Force Games developed a 16K computer version of Survival. It was published in 1983.

## Reception

In the July 1981 edition of The Space Gamer (Issue No. 41), Aaron Allston had a divided opinion, liking one game but not the other: "In short, a beginning gamer will find Survival worthwhile; forget The Barbarian."
In the December 1981 edition of Dragon (Issue 56), Tony Watson liked the simplicity of the rules and the speed of the games., but found the plots of both games too clichéd. Watson also criticized both games as simply a series of dice rolls against random monsters — once the character's weapon has been picked, there are no other meangful decisions to be made in terms of strategy or tactics. He concluded, "Both games will please those people looking for something easy and quick, but gamers after a real challenge should look elsewhere."
# Community language learning

Community language learning (CLL) is a language-teaching approach focused on group-interest learning.
It is based on the counselling-approach in which the teacher acts as a counselor and a paraphraser, while the learner is seen as a client and collaborator.

## Background

The CLL approach was developed by Charles Arthur Curran, a Jesuit priest, professor of psychology at Loyola University Chicago, and counseling specialist.
According to Curran, a counselor helps a client understand his or her own problems better by 'capturing the essence of the clients concern ...[and] relating [the client's] affect to cognition...'; in effect, understanding the client and responding in a detached yet considerate manner.

## Methods
### Online communities

These types of communities have recently arisen with the explosion of educational resources for language learning on the Web.
# Cape Shackleton

Cape Shackleton is a cape in Avannaata municipality in northwestern Greenland. The cape is the western promontory on Apparsuit Island, delimiting the northern end of Tasiusaq Bay, an indentation of Baffin Bay in the Upernavik Archipelago.
This headland was known to whalers as "Horse's Head". 73°48′13″N 56°49′57″W﻿ / ﻿73.80361°N 56.83250°W﻿ / 73.80361; -56.83250
# Jiul

Jiul may refer to these places in Romania:
* the River Jiu (Jiu + -l)
** Jiul de Vest
** Jiul de Est
* A village in Țuglui Commune, Dolj County
# Capsicum flexuosum

Capsicum flexuosum is a member of the genus Capsicum, and is native to the New World, specifically the southern regions of Brazil. Unlike most other chili peppers, it is only mildly pungent and has issues with self-compatibility.

## Plant description

Capsicum flexuosum is identified by its distinctive white, green, and sometimes purple flowers. The flowers have an entire calyx and campanulate corolla that come in various color varieties, but are generally green toward the center changing to white at the petal edges . Mature fruit of C. flexuosum are tiny berries with a bullet shape about 7 mm long that ripen to red. It is propagated by seed. It has a somatic chromosome number of 2n=2x=24.

## Uses

In Brazil, where the plants occur naturally, C. flexusoum is sometimes used as a spice. Also, since it is a wild pepper species, it has been used extensively in phylogenetic studies to better understand the relationships of peppers and different gene models. This species has also been used as a "bridge species" to cross more distantly related Capsicum species to those more related to domesticated cultivars.
# Capsidiol

Capsidiol is a terpenoid compound that accumulates in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum and chili pepper Capsicum annuum in response to fungal infection. Capsidiol is categorized under the broad term of phytoalexin, a class of low molecular weight plant secondary metabolites that are produced during infection. Phytoalexins are also characterized as a part of a two pronged response to infection which involves a short term response consisting of production of free radicals near the site of infection and a long term response involving the production of hormones and an increase in enzymes to biosynthesize phytoalexins such as capsidiol.

## Mechanism of production

Capsidiol is produced in the pepper fruit Capsicum annuum or tobacco Nicotiana tabacum after infection by the oomycete water-mold Phytophthora capsici. In pepper or tobacco fields, the oomycete is soil-borne and initially infects roots, collars and lower leaves. Sporangia are moved within fields by contact with field equipment, clothing, gloves, tools etc. and initial infections spread zoospores through splashing of water from irrigation or rain. Initial responses to infection include production of radical oxygen species, including H$_2$O$_2$. Exogenous treatment with H$_2$O$_2$ alone has been shown to induce capsidiol production. Capsidiol production is then increased in response to radical oxygen species production.

## Biosynthesis

Capsidiol is a bicyclic terpene that is biosynthetically derived from the mevalonate pathway via farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP). The E,E-farnesyl cation is first created by the loss of pyrophosphate. Kinetic studies have indicated that turnover appears to be limited by a chemical step after the initial loss of pyrophosphate. Crystal structures of recombinant tobacco 5-epi-aristolochene synthase (TEAS), alone and also complexed with two FPP analogues have been reported and analyzed to suggest the following mechanism of biosynthesis. The E,E-farnesyl cation undergoes cyclization to form the germacryl cation. The second ring closure gives the bicyclic eudesmyl cation, which is stabilized by various dipole interactions, then H-2 migrates to C-3 producing a tertiary cation at C-2 (farnesyl numbering). Production of 5-epi-aristolochene from FPP by 5-epi-aristolochene 3-hydroxylase, a sesquiterpene cyclase, is considered the critical step in capsidiol biosynthesis. Aristolochene synthase enzymes from Penicillium roqueforti, Nicotiana tabacum have been purified and their crystal structures have been reported suggesting different stereochemistries for aristolochene. Penicillium roqueforti's enzyme appears to synthesizes aristolochene by way of (S)-germacrene A, however, the Nicotiana tabacum enzyme 5-epi-aristolochene synthase produces the diastereoisomeric product by way of (R)-germacrene A.
# Joe Byrne Memorial Stadium

Joe Byrne Memorial Stadium is a multi-purpose arena located on Jones Street, adjacent to High Street, in Grand Falls-Windsor, Newfoundland and Labrador. The stadium is used to host trade shows, conferences, sporting events and special events. The ice arena was constructed in 1947/48 and was known as the Grand Falls Stadium until 1991.

## Construction

The Anglo-Newfoundland Development Company built and owned the Grand Falls Stadium. The town of Grand Falls was incorporated in 1961 and that year bought the stadium from the company.

## Opening

The first performance at the new stadium was a children's ice carnival followed by a figure skating exhibition by two Murphy sisters from Corner Brook on February 12, 1948. Approximately 2,300 spectators attended the stadium's first event. The official opening of the stadium was on November 22, 1948. An exhibition game was played between two teams from the Maritime Senior Hockey League, the Halifax Crescents and the Halifax St. Mary's.
When the stadium first opened, and until late 1954 when St. John's Memorial Stadium was completed, it was the only regulation-size artificial ice surface in Newfoundland and could accommodate 2,500 spectators.

## Stadium Managers

* Edgar M. "Top" Way
* William J. (Bill) Short, 1959
* James Pond, Sr. , 1959-?
* Harv Beson

## Memorial to Joseph Byrne

On March 22, 1991 the stadium was renamed as a memorial to Joe Byrne, on what would have been his 70th birthday, in recognition of his lifelong contribution to sports in the community and the province. Byrne, a Quebec City native, was hired by the Grand Falls Athletic Association to coach their hockey team and moved to the papertown in December 1949. He died in August 1990 at Grand Falls.
# Jimmy Duncan (rugby union)

James Duncan (12 November 1869 – 19 October 1953) was a New Zealand rugby union footballer, coach and referee. He captained New Zealand in its first test, and coached New Zealand in its first home test.
Duncan was born in Dunedin, New Zealand. He appeared for Otago, before being selected to play for New Zealand in 1897. He captained New Zealand for the first time against Wellington in 1901. He captained New Zealand in its first Test, against Australia, in 1903. That was also his last game for New Zealand.
Duncan then moved to coaching, coaching New Zealand in its first home test, against Great Britain, in 1904. In 1905, he was selected to coach the New Zealand team to tour the Northern Hemisphere. Duncan's appointment as coach was unpopular, and most of the coaching ended up being done by team members Billy Stead and Dave Gallaher instead.
In 1908 James Duncan refereed a Test between New Zealand and the Anglo-Welsh.
Duncan is credited with naming the position "five-eight"; as there was already positions half-back and three-quarters, he came up with the name according to the fraction between them.
# Miaenia atollorum

Miaenia atollorum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gressitt in 1956.
# Miaenia boharti

Miaenia boharti is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gressitt in 1956.
# Carrollton Township, Carroll County, Arkansas

Carrollton Township is one of twenty-one current townships in Carroll County, Arkansas, USA. As of the 2010 census, its total population was 716.
Carrollton Township was formed prior to 1870; the exact date is unknown since county records were lost.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Carrollton Township covers an area of 35.742 square miles (92.57 km$^2$); 35.734 square miles (92.55 km$^2$) of land and 0.008 square miles (0.021 km$^2$) of water.

### Cities, towns, and villages

* Alpena (part)
* Carrollton (unincorporated)
# Jim Roach (footballer)

James Roach (12 January 1864 – 1955) was an English professional footballer who made 15 appearances in the First Division of the Football League playing for Small Heath. Jim Roach was born in West Bromwich, Staffordshire and played as a goalkeeper.
Roach played football for local clubs and in the army before joining Small Heath in 1895 by which time he was over 30. He made his debut on 7 September 1895 in a 7–3 defeat at Aston Villa, and retained the starting place for a run of games which included several more heavy defeats, until relinquishing it to William Meates halfway through the season. He then went on to play for Hereford Town and Bristol Eastville Rovers.
Roach died in Birmingham in 1955 aged about 91.
# Cannabis in Kosovo

Cannabis in Kosovo is illegal for both medicinal or recreational purposes. Penalties are defined by Article 269 of the Kosovo Criminal Code, last revised in January 2019. For first-time offenders, possession of illicit substances leads to either a one-year sentence or, more likely, a financial penalty of €250-300. A 2014 survey of 5500 reported that 10% of Kosovans knew someone who had used cannabis and 12.6% reported having easy access to cannabis.

## History

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ratified the International Opium Convention on 4 September 1929. The first law to sanction drug abuse was the Criminal Code of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes passed on 27 January 1929 and which entered into force on 1 January 1930, which sets a prison sentence of up to 6 months for "serving" narcotic drugs in the section "Crimes against Public Health".

## Trafficking

Since the Kosovo War, organised crime in Kosovo has engaged in the trafficking of drugs including marijuana alongside heroin and cocaine. Kosovo acts as a transit hub for traffic between Afghanistan and Italy, and from Albania to the rest of Europe. From 2001 to 2007, a total of 286.89 kg of cannabis was seized by Kosovo Police. Cannabis is cultivated in Kosovo, for domestic use primarily. The cultivation of cannabis is spread in most parts of the country's territory.
# Cannabis in Korea

Cannabis in Korea may refer to:
* Cannabis in North Korea
* Cannabis in South Korea
# Canton of Le Nord-Toulois

The canton of Le Nord-Toulois is an administrative division of the Meurthe-et-Moselle department, northeastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Liverdun.
It consists of the following communes:
* Aingeray
* Andilly
* Ansauville
* Avrainville
* Beaumont
* Bernécourt
* Bois-de-Haye
* Boucq
* Bouillonville
* Bouvron
* Bruley
* Charey
* Domèvre-en-Haye
* Dommartin-la-Chaussée
* Essey-et-Maizerais
* Euvezin
* Flirey
* Fontenoy-sur-Moselle
* Francheville
* Gézoncourt
* Gondreville
* Griscourt
* Grosrouvres
* Hamonville
* Jaillon
* Jaulny
* Lagney
* Limey-Remenauville
* Lironville
* Liverdun
* Lucey
* Mamey
* Mandres-aux-Quatre-Tours
* Manoncourt-en-Woëvre
* Manonville
* Martincourt
* Ménil-la-Tour
* Minorville
* Noviant-aux-Prés
* Pannes
* Rembercourt-sur-Mad
* Rogéville
* Rosières-en-Haye
* Royaumeix
* Saint-Baussant
* Saizerais
* Sanzey
* Seicheprey
* Thiaucourt-Regniéville
* Tremblecourt
* Trondes
* Viéville-en-Haye
* Vilcey-sur-Trey
* Villers-en-Haye
* Villey-Saint-Étienne
* Xammes
# Canton of Le Pays Messin

The canton of Le Pays Messin is an administrative division of the Moselle department, northeastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Courcelles-Chaussy.
It consists of the following communes:
* Antilly
* Argancy
* Ars-Laquenexy
* Ay-sur-Moselle
* Bazoncourt
* Burtoncourt
* Chailly-lès-Ennery
* Charleville-sous-Bois
* Charly-Oradour
* Chesny
* Chieulles
* Coincy
* Colligny-Maizery
* Courcelles-Chaussy
* Courcelles-sur-Nied
* Ennery
* Les Étangs
* Failly
* Flévy
* Glatigny
* Hayes
* Jury
* Laquenexy
* Maizeroy
* Malroy
* Marsilly
* Mécleuves
* Mey
* Noisseville
* Nouilly
* Ogy-Montoy-Flanville
* Pange
* Peltre
* Raville
* Retonfey
* Sainte-Barbe
* Saint-Hubert
* Saint-Julien-lès-Metz
* Sanry-lès-Vigy
* Sanry-sur-Nied
* Servigny-lès-Raville
* Servigny-lès-Sainte-Barbe
* Silly-sur-Nied
* Sorbey
* Trémery
* Vantoux
* Vany
* Vigy
* Vry
# Colopea

Colopea is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the Stenochilidae family, and was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1893.

## Species

As of September 2019 it contains ten species, found in Asia, on Fiji, and in Papua New Guinea:
* Colopea laeta (Thorell, 1895) – Myanmar, Thailand
* Colopea lehtineni Zheng, Marusik & Li, 2009 – China
* Colopea malayana Lehtinen, 1982 – Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore
* Colopea pusilla (Simon, 1893) (type) – Philippines
* Colopea romantica Lehtinen, 1982 – Bali
* Colopea silvestris Lehtinen, 1982 – New Guinea
* Colopea tuberculata Platnick & Shadab, 1974 – Fiji
* Colopea unifoveata Lehtinen, 1982 – Borneo
* Colopea virgata Lehtinen, 1982 – Thailand, Vietnam
* Colopea xerophila Lehtinen, 1982 – New Guinea
# Meokrnje

Meokrnje (1,425 m) is a mountain in Central Bosnia (Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the masiff chain of internal Dinaris mountains. This is the greatest elevation between Vlašić (1933 m) (the southwest) and Manjača (1358 m) - the northeast.
The nearest populated places are Jeezera and Željezno Polje (Iron Field) (east), i.e. Šiprage and Korićani (west).
On the slopes of Meokrnja there is the watershed ("Prelivode") between the basins of Bosnia (east), Bila (south), Ugar and Ilomska (west - southwest) and Vrbanja river (northwest).
The mountain is rich in mixed and coniferous forests, especially its southwestern slopes (along to Ilomska and Ugar). Its ridge leads unregulated communications Gluha Bukovica - Kruševo Brdo - Šiprage.
# Meo (surname)

Meo (and its variants Méo, de Meo and diMeo) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Antonia De Meo, American lawyer and diplomat
* Antoine Méo (born 1984), French enduro rider
* Antonietta Meo (1930–1937), Italian Roman Catholic child venerable
* Gaetano Meo (1849–1925), Italian-British landscape painter.
* George de Meo, Italian-American arms dealer
* Giancarlo Meo, Italian record producer and entrepreneur
* Giulio Di Meo (born 1982), Italian tennis player
* Luca de Meo (born 1967), Italian business manager
* Paul De Meo (1953–2018), American screenwriter and film producer
* Paul DiMeo (born 1958), American television personality, and building designer
* Pip Meo (born 1984), New Zealand football player
* Rosanne Meo (born 1945/46), New Zealand businesswoman
* Roy DeMeo (1940–1983), Italian-American mobster
* Steven Meo, Welsh television actor
* Tony Meo (born 1959), English snooker player
* William DeMeo, American actor
# Suicide bidding

Suicide bidding is a response to a tendering exercise in which a potential supplier, anxious to win business, submits a proposal to carry out the work for less than it will cost. These procurement processes are typically modelled as reverse sealed-bid auctions with the lowest bid winning.
The motive for such bidding is to keep the company's skilled labour employed, even if the project only breaks even or makes a loss.
This can result in poor quality work, poor service and debates over loopholes in contract wording in attempts to charge clients extra, or even insolvency on the part of the contractor.
The practice has particularly been noted in construction bidding. Around 2010, suicide bidding was widespread due to the economic crisis and strong competition. 2010 survey by the Chartered Institute of Building found that 82% of respondents believed that “suicide bidding” existed within the industry. It was considered to have contributed to the financial collapse of British firms Connaught plc and Rok plc in 2010.
The Civil Engineering Contractors Association acknowledged that the practice had become "rife" in the desperate competition for work during the late-2000s recession, but blamed the public sector procurement process for focussing on the lowest price rather than best value.
Some commissioning bodies, such as Crossrail, openly discourage the practice. In 2011, some housing associations began including specific terms in tenders to protect them from legal challenge in the event of refusing to award the contract according to the lowest tender.
# Comedystreet

Comedystreet is a German entertainment show created by and starring comedian Simon Gosejohann. The show follows a hidden camera format. Gosejohann takes different roles with the intent of shocking passersby. Many sketches are filmed in North Rhine-Westphalia, especially in the Ruhr area and the cities of Dortmund and Essen. The show is sometimes filmed in Rhine-Ruhr in cities such as Düsseldorf. Other common locations are the islands of Sylt and Norderney. Some skits are also shot in foreign cities such as Paris and Prague. Gosejohann is recorded by a hidden camera, in a similar vein to British comedy series Trigger Happy TV and World Shut Your Mouth by Dom Joly. Simon's brother Thilo is responsible for the filming.
Comedystreet premiered on 2 September 2002 on German TV station ProSieben. Due to the show's ratings, a fifth season was confirmed. In October 2010, the show entered syndication on Comedy Central.
The crew consists of the two brothers and a director. The director manages the legal issues and obtains the broadcast licenses and the procedures. All passersby are informed and asked for written permission before their segment is included.

## Awards

* 2009: Deutscher Comedypreis – Best Candid camera show