OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1990 Thuringian state election

The 1990 Thuringia state election was held on 14 October 1990 to elect the members of the first Landtag of Thuringia. It was the first election held in Thuringia since the reunification of Germany, which took place on 3 October. The Christian Democratic Union (CDU) led by Josef Duchač emerged as the largest party with 45.4%, followed by the Social Democratic Party (SPD) with 22.8%. The CDU formed a coalition with the Free Democratic Party (FDP), and Duchač became Thuringia's first post-reunification Minister-President.

## Parties

The table below lists parties which won seats in the election.
| Name | Name | Ideology | Leader(s) |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands | Christian democracy | Josef Duchač |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands | Social democracy | Friedhelm Farthmann |
| PDS | Party of Democratic Socialism Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus | Democratic socialism | Gabi Zimmer |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party Freie Demokratische Partei | Classical liberalism | Hartmut Sieckmann |
| Grüne | New Forum/The Greens/Democracy Now Neues Forum/Die Grünen/Demokratie Jetzt | Green politics | |

## Election result

Summary of the 14 October 1990 election results for the Landtag of Thuringia :
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | Seats % |
| | Christian Democratic Union (CDU) | 637,055 | 45.4 | 44 | 49.4 |
| | Social Democratic Party (SPD) | 319,376 | 22.8 | 21 | 23.6 |
| | Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) | 136,464 | 9.7 | 9 | 10.1 |
| | Free Democratic Party (FDP) | 130,035 | 9.3 | 9 | 10.1 |
| | New Forum/The Greens/Democracy Now (Grüne) | 90,829 | 6.5 | 6 | 6.7 |
| | German Social Union (DSU) | 45,979 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| | Others | 43,616 | 3.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 1,403,354 | 100.0 | 89 | |
| Voter turnout | Voter turnout | | 71.7 | | |
Popular Vote
CDU
45.40%
SPD
22.76%
PDS
9.72%
FDP
9.27%
B'90/GRÜNE
6.47%
DSU
3.28%
Other
3.11% :
Landtag seats
CDU
49.44%
SPD
23.60%
PDS
10.11%
FDP
10.11%
B'90/GRÜNE
6.74% :

## Sources

* Ergebnisse der Landtagswahlen in Thüringen seit 1945
* This German elections-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Noyant-et-Aconin

Noyant-et-Aconin (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. On 1 January 2023, it was merged into the new commune of Bernoy-le-Château.
During World War I, American politician-turned-soldier Roy Earl Parrish was killed here in 1918.
# Erskine Bridge Tolls Act 2001

The Erskine Bridge Tolls Act 2001 is an Act of the Scottish Parliament which restored, with retrospective effect (other than as regards criminal liability), the power to levy tolls. This power was originally conferred by section 1(1) of the UK Parliament Erskine Bridge Tolls Act 1968.

## The problem

Toll charges on the Erskine Bridge were suspended in August 2001, after the Scottish Executive discovered it had been collecting money illegally for several weeks following a failure to extend the legislation which allowed designated officials to collect money for the crossing over the River Clyde near Glasgow.

## Passage through Parliament

A few weeks later, the Erskine Bridge Tolls Act 2001 asp 12 was passed by the Scottish Parliament by 78 votes to 26, with no abstentions. The Scottish National Party fought the Bill during its day-long passage through the Scottish Parliament, arguing that it was being rushed through without proper consultation. Adam Ingram, the SNP transport spokesman, insisted that the use of emergency procedures meant the public and the local authorities, such as West Dunbartonshire and Renfrewshire councils, were being denied the right to object. The bill was given royal assent on 13 September 2001.

## Subsequent legislation

Following Phase II of the Scottish Executive's Tolled Bridges Review, the Act was effectively set aside by the formal ministerial suspension of tolls in 2006. The remaining provisions of the 1968 Act were superseded by the Abolition of Bridge Tolls (Scotland) Act 2008 (asp 1).
# Exeter Arena

Exeter Arena, formerly known as the Exhibition Fields, is an outdoor sports complex at Whipton Barton in Exeter, Devon.

## History
### Early agricultural exhibitions

The land was part of the Whipton Barton farm estate, which was itself a tenant farm of the Poltimore Estate, seat of the Bampfylde family, with the Rewe (spelt Rew in some reports) family being tenants of Whipton Barton for over 300 years.
Rewe used the 'exhibition fields' in 1850, as the location for the Royal Show of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, where it was described as having "a deep, red loamy surface soil, with gravelly base".
Following a change of tenancy, in the early 1900s, the fields to the North of the Barton continued to be used for agricultural shows (possibly the same fields used for the RASE show in the 1850s).
In 1909, the 21 acre plot was sold by auction to a local surveyor, Mr JA Lucas, for £6,000.
Shortly after this sale in 1909, the Bath and West Show was held on the site.
In 1911, the Daily Mail Circuit of Britain air race had a leg held on Whipton Barton land, using the 'exhibition fields', where competitors came in to land during the 4th Stage from Bristol to Brighton, with special trains bringing spectators from Exeter to Whipton Bridge Halt railway station as early as 2.30 in the morning.

### Sale to Exeter City Council

Shortly after World War 2, the Alford sold the exhibition fields to Exeter City Council, becoming Whipton playing fields.
The peripetetic Bath and West Show returned to exhibition fields in 1954, and the following year in 1955, the land became the permanent home to the previously peripatetic Devon county show.

### Redevelopment as Exeter Arena

In 1989, after more than 30 years, the county show moved to its new permanent home at Westpoint Arena at Clyst St Mary.
The council then redeveloped the exhibition fields as Exeter Arena.

## Facilities

The arena has a track and field arena, with a 400m eight lane running track, as well as field event areas marked out.
The Rugby Union club Exeter Saracens RFC also have their clubhouse and playing fields at Exhibition Fields.
# Copley Hall

Copley Hall could refer to:
* Copley Hall, a dormitory at Georgetown University
* Copley Hall, Boston
# 1879 in rail transport

This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1879.

## Events
### January events

* January 28 – Construction of the Waimea Plains Railway, the first railway constructed under the District Railways Act of 1878, reaches Inverrcagill, New Zealand.

### February events

* February 10 – The Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railway begins freight operations.

### May events

* May – James J. Hill forms the St. Paul, Minneapolis and Manitoba Railway from the assets of the bankrupt St. Paul and Pacific.
* May 17 – The Texas and St. Louis Railway, a predecessor of St. Louis Southwestern Railway, is organized as a way to ship cotton south to Texas.
* May 31 – The first electric railway opens at the Berlin Trades Exposition.

### July events

* July 4 – The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, building southwestward from Kansas, reaches Las Vegas, New Mexico.
* July 17 – Freycinet Plan enacted in France to extend rail and other transportation systems.
* July 31 – The Caledonian Railway opens the original Glasgow Central station in Scotland.

### November events

* November 1 – The first British dining car service leaves Leeds for London King's Cross. This is provided by the Pullman car Princess of Wales which accommodates just 10 first-class passengers.
* November 20 – Narrow gauge Sandy River Railroad completed to Phillips, Maine.
* November 22 – The North Pennsylvania Railroad begins operating the Philadelphia, Newtown and New York Railroad, a subsidiary of Pennsylvania Railroad.
* November 25 – The Waldenburgerbahn is founded as a separate company and takes over the concession for the railway from Liestal to Waldenburg, Switzerland.

### December events

* December 1 – Solano, the largest rail ferryboat ever constructed, is put into service in California.
* December 28 – Tay Bridge disaster: The North British Railway's Tay Bridge across the Firth of Tay in Scotland collapses in a violent storm while a passenger train is crossing it. 75 lives are lost. William Topaz McGonagall produces his epic poem The Tay Bridge Disaster to commemorate the event.

### Unknown date events

* Southern Pacific Railroad engineers experiment with the first oil-fired steam locomotives.
* San Francisco and North Pacific Railroad constructs the Puerto Suello Hill Tunnel in Marin County, California.

## Births
### March births

* March 6 – Patrick H. Joyce, president Chicago Great Western Railway 1931–1946 (d. 1946).

### April births

* April 24 – Oris Paxton Van Sweringen, American financier who, with his brother Mantis, controls the Nickel Plate Road and other eastern railroads (d. 1936).

### August births

* August 20 – Ralph Budd, president of the Great Northern Railway 1919–1932 and Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad 1932–1949 (d. 1962).

### October births

* October 18 – Charles Eugene Denney, president of Erie Railroad 1929–1939 and Northern Pacific Railway 1939–1950 (d. 1965).
# Claude Jenkins

Claude Jenkins (1877–1959) was an Anglican clergyman, theologian and historian.

## Biography

He became Canon of Christ Church and Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical Historyat Oxford University in 1934. He was Lambeth Librarian from 1910 until 1952.
He was famous for collecting books, having an estimated 30,000 at the time of his death:
   His sole extravagance was the purchase of books, of which at his death he had, I believe, thirty thousand. He spent his vacations at either Malvern or Tunbridge Wells, in both of which towns there were secondhand bookshops of which he must have been one of the principal customers. Shortly after his return at the beginning of each term several crates full of spoils would be delivered at his lodging; many of these remained unpacked to the time of his death, for they had simply overwhelmed him. Many of them were the kind of books — Victorian parish histories and the like — which one can hardly imagine anyone wanting but which, if anyone did want them, it might be impossible to find. In spite of its size the house was inadequate to accommodate them; in the corners of each room piles of books were thrown down anyhow like sand in the corner of a builder's yard, and the bath, which was not used for its normal purpose, was a kind of dump for odd printed scraps. It was only just possible to push one's way up the staircase, for on every step there were piles of books extending high out of reach; in fact the view of the staircase-wall reminded me of a sectional diagram of geological strata in an atlas, and one could see how the conformation had readjusted itself after a cataclysm had occurred through a removal of the book from one of its lower levels. He was very indignant at the suggestion that books were ever stolen from libraries and insisted that apparent thefts were in fact cases of absent-mindedness; this may be true to some extent, for it would be absurd to give any other explanation for the books which were found in his house after his death. He once showed me a book which contained the plate of a well-known library and in which he had inserted a signed declaration that he had bought it in a shop and not stolen it from the library; otherwise, he said, someone doing research would defame him posthumously. I remarked that I thought this a very poor safeguard, since anyone suspecting him of theft would be equally ready to accuse him of perjury.
# No Mercy (Blac Monks album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
No Mercy is the second and final studio album by American hip hop group Blac Monks, which consisted of Houston-based rappers Mr. 3-2, D.A., Awol, Assata Tafari & Raheem. It was released on May 19, 1998, through Rap-A-Lot Records. The album peaked at number 74 on the US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

## Charts

| Chart (1998) | Peak position |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 74 |
# Château de Roquefixade

The Château de Roquefixade is a ruined castle built on a cliff overlooking the village of Roquefixade, situated 8 km (5 miles) west of Lavelanet French département of Ariège.
There are records of a castle on the site going back to 1180, though the present ruins are more modern. While marketed in the tourist industry as one of the so-called Cathar castles, the ruins are later than this. Despite this, the site did provide a place of refuge for the Cathars at the time of the Albigensian Crusade.
A natural cleft in the cliff face has been filled in by an arch supported by ramparts. This cleft is the origin of the name of the village, and later the castle: roca fisada (fissured rock) in Catalan. The remains of the castle walls cling to the rock, originally circling an impressive keep built at the highest point of the site. The trek to Roquefixade Castle is marked and takes around 25 minutes beginning at Roquefixade village square.
At the end of the 13th century, Roquefixade became a stronghold at the end of a line of royal fortresses built along the Corbières hills, to keep watch on the territory of the Count of Foix. The keep was remodelled in the 14th century, and other alterations were made in the 15th and 16th centuries. The castle survived until 1632 when the French king Louis XIII rested in the area on his way to Toulouse for the execution of Henri II, Duke of Montmorency who had risen against Richelieu. Louis took the opportunity to order the destruction (slighting) of Roquefixade. Now, it serves no purpose and is costly to maintain.
Château de Roquefixade has been listed since 1995 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.
# Noyant-la-Gravoyère

Noyant-la-Gravoyère (French pronunciation: ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 15 December 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Segré-en-Anjou Bleu. Its population was 1,867 in 2021, down from 1,961 in 1962.

## Geography

The river Verzée forms part of the commune's southern border. The Mine Bleue slate museum offers visits 126 metres (413 ft) below ground.
# Peggy O'Neal

Peggy O'Neal may refer to:
* Peggy O'Neal (lawyer), Australian rules football official
* Peggy O'Neal (voice actress)
# Dōbutsu no Oisha-san

Dōbutsu no Oisha-san (Japanese: 動物のお医者さん, lit. "Mr. Veterinarian") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Noriko Sasaki. It was published in Hakusensha's shōjo manga magazine Hana to Yume from 1988 to 1993, with its chapters collected in 12 volumes. It received a TV drama adaptation, which was aired on ANN from April to June 2003 and had 11 episodes.

## Synopsis

Nishine Masaki, a young man from Hokkaido, is told by a mysterious man that he will become a veterinarian. Along with his best friend Nikaidou, and animal friends Chobi the dog, Mike the cat and Hiyo the rooster, Nishine sets out to fulfill his mysterious fate of becoming a veterinarian.

## Reception

By 2020, the manga had 21.6 million copies in circulation.
# DDP 4 Life

DDP 4 Life is the debut album from Dublin Death Patrol, a thrash metal band formed by Testament vocalist Chuck Billy and Exodus vocalist Steve "Zetro" Souza and released on April 13, 2007.

## Track listing

* R.I.P. – 2:43
* Unnatural Causes – 3:06
* Mentally Unstable – 3:49
* Pigs in the Hollow – 4:00
* DDP for Life – 4:31
* Sid Vicious – 2:59
* Iron Fist – 2:56 (Motörhead cover)
* Cold Sweat – 3:11 (Thin Lizzy cover)
* Lights Out – 4:20 (UFO cover)
* Trail of the Executioner – 5:13
* Devil in Disguise – 4:09
* Corruption / Central Pomo Indian Songs – 12:08

## Personnel

* Chuck Billy - Vocals
* Steve Souza - Vocals
* Andy Billy - Guitar
* Greg Bustamante - Rhythm & Lead Guitar
* Steve Robello - Rhythm & Lead Guitar
* Phil Demmel - Guitar
* Willy Lange - Bass
* Eddie Billy - Bass
* John Souza - Bass
* Danny Cunningham - Drums
* Troy Luccketta - Drums
* John Hartsinck - Guitar

## Production

* Produced By Chuck Billy (also executive producer) & Vincent Wojno
* Recorded & Engineered By Alan Lucchesi & Vincent Wojno
* Mixed By Vincent Wojno
* Mastered By Eddy Schreyer
* This 2000s thrash metal album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Nobody but Me (Michael Bublé song)

"Nobody but Me" is a song by Canadian recording artist Michael Bublé, featuring American rapper Black Thought from the group The Roots. It was released on August 9, 2016 through Reprise Records as the lead single from his seventh studio album of the same name.

## Music video

A lyric video premiered on Bublé's YouTube channel on August 18, 2016. The official music video followed afterwards on October 11, 2016. The video takes inspiration from the 1960s show The Dating Game, with Bublé playing all three eligible bachelors: a glasses-wearing nerd, a narcissistic ladies man sporting bell-bottom trousers and sideburns, and a beatnik, beret-wearing French man.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2016–17) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 3 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Wallonia) | 19 |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 70 |
| Canada AC (Billboard) | 4 |
| Canada Hot AC (Billboard) | 21 |
| France (SNEP) | 151 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 27 |
| UK Singles Downloads (OCC) | 33 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 77 |
| US Adult Contemporary (Billboard) | 10 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2016) | Position |
| US Adult Contemporary (Billboard) | 43 |
| Chart (2017) | Position |
| US Adult Contemporary (Billboard) | 37 |
# Oh, Yeah! (film)

Oh, Yeah! (also written as Oh, Yeah?) is a 1929 American pre-Code action film directed by Tay Garnett and starring Robert Armstrong, James Gleason and Zasu Pitts. The film's sets were designed by the art director Edward C. Jewell. An early sound film, it was made during the transition from the silent era. It is also known by the alternative title No Brakes after the original story it is based on that appeared in The Saturday Evening Post.

## Cast

* Robert Armstrong as Dude Cowan
* James Gleason as Dusty Reilly
* Patricia Caron as Pinkie
* Zasu Pitts as The Elk
* Budd Fine as Pop Eye
* Frank Hagney as Hot Foot
* Harry Tyler as Splinters
* Paul Hurst as Railroad-Yard Superintendent
* Bobby Dunn as Railroad Man at Bonfire
# Château de Calais

Château de Calais was a 13th century castle constructed to defend the port of Calais, France. It was razed to the ground in 1558, after being recaptured from the English by the French and a citadel built on its ruins.

## History

The castle was built in 1229, by Philip I, Count of Boulogne, to the north west of the port, consisting of a square courtyard, surrounded by six towers with a donjon.
King Edward III of England captured the town and castle after a siege in 1347. The English foiled by ambushing an unsuspecting French force which was attempting to take the city by stealth in 1349. The French commander, Geoffrey de Charny, had attempted to bribe Amerigo of Pavia, an officer of the garrison, to open a tower gate for them.
Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, uncle of Richard II of England was imprisoned in Calais in 1397 and was assassinated.
Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy laid siege to Calais between June and July 1436 with a force of Flemish militia, that was unsuccessful.
After recovering the region of Calais from the English in 1558, led by Francis, Duke of Guise, the French razed the castle. King François II ordered the construction of a citadel on the site of the castle ruins, with construction commencing in 1564.

## Citations

* ↑ "History". Calais.ws. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 5 February 2012.
* ↑ Thomas Cook Ltd (1877). Cook's tourist's handbook for Holland, Belgium, and the Rhine. Thomas Cook & Son. Retrieved 5 February 2012.
* ↑ Sumption 1990, pp. 578–580.
* ↑ Grummitt, D. (2010-06-21). "Calais, Siege of (1436–1437)". In Clifford J. Rogers (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. pp. 315–6. ISBN 978-0-19-533403-6.
# 229th (South Saskatchewan) Battalion, CEF

The 229th Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War. Based in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, the unit began recruiting in early 1916 in southern Saskatchewan. After sailing to England in April 1917, the battalion was absorbed into the 19th Reserve Battalion on May 10, 1917. The 229th Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. H. D. Pickett.
# Alabama State Route 117

State Route 117 (SR 117) is a 50-mile-long (80 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Alabama. It travels northwest from the Georgia state line eight miles (13 km) southeast of Mentone to the Tennessee state line four miles (6.4 km) north of Bass.

## Route description

SR 117 begins at the Georgia line near the town of Mentone. It winds through slightly mountainous terrain before entering the town of Mentone. This town is among the highest points in the state, at a maximum height of 1,800 feet (550 m). It descends down Lookout Mountain and enters Valley Head, which is at about 1,000-foot (300 m) elevation. The route turns northwest and enters Hammondville, where it junctions with, and maintains a short concurrency with. U.S. Route 11 (US 11). It turns off of the route and junctions with Interstate 59 (I-59).
It junctions with SR 40 west. It continues northwest and enters Ider. It junctions with SR 75. It continues over the Jackson County line.
It enters Flat Rock and junctions with SR 71. The route descends down Sand Mountain and enters Stevenson. It junctions with US 72 at a diamond interchange. It continues into downtown and turns off of its right-of-way, entering the plains of northern Jackson County. It passes through a few ridges and some unincorporated communities before turning off of its right-of-way again. It continues east for about two miles before turning north again. It crosses the Tennessee state line in the unincorporated community of Sherwood, where it immediately turns off of its right-of-way again as SR 56 and crosses a railroad track directly beside a Lhoist North America industrial plant.
This route is an important corridor, connecting one of the lowest parts of North Alabama with one of the highest parts of North Alabama.

## Major intersections

| County | Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| DeKalb | ​ | 0.0 | 0.0 | SR 48 east – Menlo, Summerville | Continuation beyond Georgia state line |
| DeKalb | Hammondville | 10.4 | 16.7 | US 11 south (SR 7) – Fort Payne | Southern end of US 11/SR 7 concurrency |
| DeKalb | Hammondville | 10.5 | 16.9 | US 11 north (SR 7) / SR 40 begins – Trenton, GA | Northern end of US 11/SR 7 concurrency; eastern terminus of SR 40; southern end of SR 40 concurrency |
| DeKalb | ​ | 11.7 | 18.8 | I-59 – Chattanooga, Gadsden | I-59 exit 231 |
| DeKalb | ​ | 13.2 | 21.2 | SR 40 west – Henagar | Northern end of SR 40 concurrency |
| DeKalb | Beaty Crossroads | 19.7 | 31.7 | SR 75 – Henagar, Trenton, GA | |
| Jackson | Flat Rock | 25.2 | 40.6 | SR 71 – Higdon, Pisgah | |
| Jackson | Stevenson | 37.0 | 59.5 | US 72 (John T. Reid Parkway/SR 2) – Bridgeport, Scottsboro | Interchange |
| Jackson | ​ | 50.2 | 80.8 | SR 56 north (Sherwood Road) – Sherwood, Sewanee | Continuation beyond Tennessee state line |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus ||||||
# Deprodone

Deprodone, also known as desolone, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid.