OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Albert Taubert

Albert Adolph Taubert (June 15, 1900 – June 13, 1964) was a member of the United States Marine Corps who received the Navy Cross and Distinguished Service Cross for his actions during the Battle of Soissons in World War I. He was also awarded the French Military Medal for participation in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, as well as the Italian War Merit Cross. Later, he received a second Navy Cross during the United States occupation of Haiti, during which he participated in killing the Caco leader Benoît Batraville.
Taubert was born in Madison, Wisconsin. After serving in the Marines as an enlisted man during the First World War, he served at a Marine Corps engineer training center during the Second World War.

## Citations

His Distinguished Service Cross citation reads:
   The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Service Cross to Private Albert Adolph Taubert (MCSN: 78838), United States Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism while serving with the Sixty-Sixth Company, Fifth Regiment (Marines), 2d Division, A.E.F., in action in the Villers Cotterets Forest, south of Soissons, France, 18 July 1918. Private Taubert went out in advance of the line of his company into the fire of a machine gun that was shooting at him and captured the gun and its crew.
His first Navy Cross citation reads:
   The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Navy Cross to Private Albert Adolph Taubert (MCSN: 78838), United States Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism while serving with the 66th Company, 5th Regiment (Marines), 2d Division, A.E.F. in action in the Villers Cotterets Forest, south of Soissons, France, 18 July 1918. Private Taubert went out in advance of the line of his company into the fire of a machine gun that was shooting at him and captured the gun and its crew.
His second Navy Cross citation reads:
   The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting a Gold Star in lieu of a Second Award of the Navy Cross to Sergeant Albert Adolph Taubert (MCSN: 78838), United States Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism in the line of his profession while serving with the First Provisional Brigade of Marines (Gendarmerie d'Haiti), 19 May 1920. With total disregard of personal danger he attacked, with Captain Jesse L. Perkins and two other enlisted men, a band of about seventy-five armed bandits of the Mirebalais District, resulting in the death of the greatest bandit leader, Benoit Batraville, and the practical suppression of banditry throughout the District.
# Dunsyre railway station

Dunsyre railway station served the village of Dunsyre, South Lanarkshire, Scotland from 1867 to 1945 on the Dolphinton branch.

## History

The station opened on 1 March 1867 by the Caledonian Railway. To the north was the goods yard. The station closed on 12 September 1932 but reopened on 17 July 1933 before closing permanently on 4 June 1945.
# Abbott-Firestone curve

The Abbott-Firestone curve or bearing area curve (BAC) describes the surface texture of an object. The curve can be found from a profile trace by drawing lines parallel to the datum and measuring the fraction of the line which lies within the profile.
Mathematically it is the cumulative probability density function of the surface profile's height and can be calculated by integrating the probability density function.
The Abbott-Firestone curve was first described by Ernest James Abbott and Floyd Firestone in 1933. It is useful for understanding the properties of sealing and bearing surfaces. It is commonly used in the engineering and manufacturing of piston cylinder bores of internal combustion engines. The shape of the curve is distilled into several of the surface roughness parameters, especially the Rk family of parameters.
# Crudo (novel)

Crudo is a 2018 novel by Olivia Laing. The book, Laing's first novel, incorporates autobiographical elements and details from the life of American author Kathy Acker. The novel was well-received, winning the James Tait Black Memorial Prize.

## Composition and writing

Laing originally did not intend to publish the book, saying she was "writing it for herself". She has referred to the book as an "experiment", and in order to "[...] smash the mold of the kind of book she might be expected to produce". While writing the book, Laing followed two rules: that she had to write daily, and that she could not "[...] edit or reshape the material". She wrote the book "in a frenzy" over a period of six weeks. She included news events, mostly drawn from her Twitter feed, as they occurred during the days she was writing.
Laing's inspiration for the book came while she vacationing in the Val d'Orcia region of Italy. During the trip Laing read a biography of Kathy Acker by Chris Kraus and was intrigued by Acker's deliberate plagiarism and appropriation of the works of other authors, such as Charles Dickens and Miguel de Cervantes. Laing had previously read some of Acker's work. Laing has referred to the novel's protagonist as a "[...] hybrid Frankenstein composite of me and Acker". The book includes references to Acker's works, such as Blood and Guts in High School.

## Reception
### Critical reception

Sally Rooney wrote in The Guardian "I don't think I'll ever forget the day I spent reading Crudo." She described it as "a beautiful, strange, intelligent novel." Dwight Garner, in a review written for The New York Times, referred to the novel as "less persuasive" than Laing's non-fiction work. Garner noted that Crudo is Laing's first novel, and that it seemed she was "[...] still feeling her way" into fiction. In her review for The New Yorker, Alexandra Schwartz praised the book as a "funny, fervent" novel.
Dilara O'Neil, writing for The Nation, compared Crudo unfavorably to Ben Lerner's novel 10:04.

### Honors

Laing won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for the novel. A judge for the prize, Alex Lawrie, praised Crudo, saying it was "[...] a bold and reactive political novel that captures a raw slice of contemporary history with pace, charm, and wit".
Rather than retain the £10,000 award for herself, she chose to split it with the authors shortlisted for the prize. Laing has said that choosing a single winner for an artistic prize can be "corrosive...part of a capitalist model that has no place in art". She also reiterated a claim made in the novel that "[...] competition has no place in art". The authors with whom Laing shared the prize were Will Eaves, Jessie Greengrass, and Nafissa Thompson-Spires.
Crudo was featured as one of 2018's best novels in lists compiled by The New York Times ' and New Yorker
# Panyushkin

Panyushkin (Russian: Панюшкин) is a gender-neutral Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksandr Panyushkin (1905–1974), Soviet ambassador to the United States
* Valery Panyushkin (born 1969), Russian journalist and writer
# Crataegus rivularis

Crataegus rivularis is a species of hawthorn known by the common name river hawthorn. It is native to the intermontane region of the northwestern United States, situated between the coastal ranges and the Rocky Mountains.
C. rivularis is one of the black-fruited hawthorn species. It is closely related to C. erythropoda, and less closely related to C. saligna.

## Images

* Young fruit
* Young bark.
# A Bit O'Gold

A Bit O'Gold (foaled 2001 in Ontario) is a Canadian Thoroughbred Champion racehorse.

## Background

A Bit O'Gold was sired by Grade I winner Gold Fever, a son of the 1987 American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt, Forty Niner, out of the mare, Annasan,

## Racing career

Equally effective racing on both dirt and grass, A Bit O'Gold began racing at age two in 2003 for owner/trainer Catherine Day Phillips. He won his first three starts, including the important Coronation Futurity Stakes in early November. At age three, the gelding won two of the three races comprising the Canadian Triple Crown series. After winning the Plate Trial, A Bit O'Gold finished second in the Queen's Plate, then won the Prince of Wales Stakes and on turf, the third leg of the Triple Crown, the Breeders' Stakes. A Bit O'Gold's 2004 performances earned him the Sovereign Award for Champion 3-Year-Old Male Horse.
At age four, A Bit O'Gold won important Canadian races on dirt and on grass that resulted in three Sovereign Awards, including for Canadian Horse of the Year.

## Retirement

In May 2006, A Bit O'Gold was retired to Kingfield Farms in Maple, Ontario.
# Eva Plunkett

Eva Plunkett was the inspector-general of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) from December 2003 til her retirement in December 2011. Plunkett was responsible for reviewing the spy agency's operational activities.
She has criticised her role in the agency, stating that CSIS' mandate is not clearly defined, and thus is it difficult for her to judge whether or not specific operations fall outside of their domain. She also criticized what she considered to be unreasonable delays by CSIS to provide her with the necessary information to perform her duties. After her retirement, the Government of Canada abolished the position of inspector-general and handed its responsibilities to the Security Intelligence Review Committee, saying it would save money and eliminate duplication. Plunkett stated that it was a loss for Canada, and that it was ridiculous to think that the committee could easily replicate the functions of the inspector-general.
Plunkett spent 28 years serving in the Solicitor General's office.
In April 2006, Plunkett explained that she believed that emphasis was needed on "traditional" roles of combatting espionage, such as defending classified secrets, rather than focusing strictly on the War on Terror.
Plunkett also served on the Board of Advisors for Carleton University's Canadian Centre of Intelligence and Security Studies program.
# Dum Urabinahatti

Dum Urabinahatti is a village in Belagavi district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.
# Crappytire.com

Crappytire.com was a website and domain name at the centre of a 2001 spat between Canadian retailer Canadian Tire and London, Ontario resident and website owner Mick McFadden. Canadian Tire, which alleged that McFadden was Cybersquatting as the public had associated "Crappy Tire" with its trademark name, took the case to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). By June 2001, the WIPO decided against Canadian Tire, stating that the company did not own the rights to the "Crappy Tire" expression. In 2002, Canadian Tire purchased the Crappytire.com domain, along with Crappytire.net and Crappytire.ca.

## Background
### Dispute framework

Cybersquatting refers to deliberate, bad-faith registration of a domain name in violation of trademark rights. Since 1999, the World Intellectual Property Organization has been responsible for providing a framework for trademark holders to claim a squatted site. Trademark owners frequently bring their cases to the WIPO for dispute resolution; by 2007, 84% of claims made since 1999 were decided in the complainants' favour.

### Context

Canadian Tire is a Canadian retailer that opened its first store in Hamilton, Ontario in 1934. In 2001, it opened its online e-commerce website, and by that same year, its net earnings had reached C$176.7 million, had 450 stores, and its financial arm had issued over 400,000 credit cards.
Mick McFadden is an automotive mechanic who, until 2000, operated Crappytire.com as a website protesting Canadian Tire by comparing its prices to that of its rivals. That same year, Canadian Tire threatened to sue McFadden unless the website was taken down and the domain was handed over; though he took the website down, McFadden refused to hand over the domain. Canadian Tire went to the WIPO.

## Dispute

   "Canadian Tire is frequently colloquially referred to or known as "Crappy Tire" by the public."
– Canadian Tire in its WIPO filing
   "Since when is 'Canadian' interchangeable with 'crappy'?"
– Mick McFadden in his WIPO defense

### Canadian Tire arbitrates

In its submission to the WIPO, Canadian Tire stated that the Crappytire.com domain name was "identical or confusingly similar" to its registered trademarks, and further alleged that the Canadian Tire brand had become so famous and well known that no one would use "Crappy Tire" other than to suggest affiliation with Canadian Tire.
McFadden, in his response, noted that while Canadian Tire owned many trademarks, they had neglected to register or use "Crappy Tire", though he declined to dispute that Canadian Tire was colloquially known as "Crappy Tire".
The WIPO dismissed Canadian Tire's complaint, not having found Canadian Tire to have met the burden of proof.
# Philippines at the 1999 SEA Games

The Philippines participated at the 20th Southeast Asian Games held in Brunei from 7 to 15 August 1999.

## SEA Games performance

The Philippines fell to fifth place in the overall medal tally, their lowest finish since joining the SEA Games in 1977. The Filipinos failed to win a gold medal in swimming for the first time, returning with a single gold in athletics. A harvest of four golds came from Taekwondo and Billiards. The Filipinos picked up two golds each in boxing, golf and shooting. World pool champion Efren 'Bata' Reyes and golfer Gerald Rosales were the only Filipino double gold medalists in the 1999 edition of the Games.
The Manila Metrostars of the ABS-CBN-funded Metropolitan Basketball Association (MBA) represented the Philippines for their basketball campaign. The Nationals captured their fifth straight basketball gold, defeating main rival Thailand, 89–69.
Philippine Olympic Committee president Celso Dayrit announced a four-year intensive elite sports development plan which the POC will undertake.

## Medalists
### Gold

| No. | Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| 1 | Gold | Philippines | Basketball | Men's team |
| 2 | Gold | Maricris Fernandez | Tennis | Women's singles |

### Silver

| No. | Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| 1 | Silver | Carlo Piccio | Swimming | Men's 1500m freestyle |
| 2 | Silver | Lizza Danila | Swimming | Women's 200m backstroke |
| 3 | Silver | Kathy Echeverri | Swimming | Women's 100m backstroke |
| 4 | Silver | Bryan Juinio | Tennis | Men's singles |
| 5 | Silver | Czarina Arevalo Maricris Fernandez Pamela Floro Marisue Jacutin | Tennis | Women's team |
| 6 | Silver | Philippines | Water Polo | Men's team |

### Bronze

| No. | Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| 1 | Bronze | Lizza Danila | Swimming | Women's 100m backstroke |
| 2 | Bronze | Richard Gonzales | Table Tennis | Men's singles |
| 3 | Bronze | Bryan Juinio Joseph Lizardo Michael John Misa Dante Sta. Cruz | Tennis | Men's team |

### Multiple

| Name | Sport | | | | Total |
| Maricris Fernandez | Tennis | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Lizza Danila | Swimming | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Bryan Juinio | Tennis | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |

## Medal summary
### By sports

| Sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Billiards and snooker | 4 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
| Taekwondo | 3 | 4 | 6 | 13 |
| Shooting | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Boxing | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| Golf | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Athletics | 1 | 6 | 5 | 12 |
| Karate | 1 | 3 | 5 | 9 |
| Tennis | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Bowling | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Basketball | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Swimming | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| Pencak silat | 0 | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| Water polo | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Cycling | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Squash | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Table tennis | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Traditional boat race | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (17 entries) | 19 | 26 | 37 | 82 |
# 104.6 RTL

104.6 RTL is a private radio station that is produced in a hot adult contemporary format. It is transmitted from studios in Kurfürstendamm in Berlin-Charlottenburg. According to German Media Analysis 2023/II, the station reaches 128,000 listeners in an average transmitting hour with a total of 217,000 listeners per day and thereby is one of the most listened to radio programs in Berlin and Brandenburg.

## Program

The most listened to program on 104.6 RTL is, as is the case for most radio stations worldwide, the morning show, which is known as “Arno and the Morning Crew”. The show has a relatively large talk portion, which has predominantly comedic content, in contrast to the rest of the station's programs. It has been moderated by Arno Müller since the beginning of the show, who is simultaneously the station's Director of Programming.
The rest of the daily programs are, as is usual for hot adult contemporary stations, contrasted with a music-heavy program, interrupted by short presentations, hourly news (which are always broadcast at ten minutes before the hour), service information, and advertisements.

## History

The station has been broadcasting since September 9, 1991. The model for 104.6 RTL was the radio station 102.7 KISS FM in Los Angeles, from which the method of construction of the radio studio has even been imitated, as well as numerous program elements.
Since 1997, 104.6 RTL has organized one of the largest free open-air festivals in the Kindl-Bühne Wuhlheide once per year with “Stars for Free”.

## Transmission area

The station covers Berlin and Brandenburg with its transmission.

### Frequencies

* FM Berlin: 104.6
* FM Elsterwerda: 89.5
* FM Frankfurt/Oder: 98.0
* FM Finsterwalde: 88.0
* Analog cable Berlin: 104.05
* DAB+ Berlin: 12D
In January 2014, the DVB-T distribution was ended in Berlin.
# Notoporus

Notoporus is a genus of trematodes in the family Opecoelidae.

## Species

* Notoporus astrocongeris Shen & Qiu, 1995
* Notoporus fotedari (Ahmad & Dhar, 1989) Madhavi, 2011
* Notoporus gibsoni Ahmad, 1987
* Notoporus leiognathi Yamaguti, 1938
* Notoporus pristipomatis (Srivastava, 1942) Ahmad, 1985
* Notoporus stunkardi Ahmad, 1985

## Species later synonymised with species of Notoporus

* Notoporus fotedari (Ahmad & Dhar, 1989) Madhavi, 2011
** Neonotoporus fotedari Ahmad & Dhar, 1989
* Notoporus pristipomatis (Srivastava, 1942) Ahmad, 1985
** Horatrema pristipomatis Srivatava, 1942
# Panza (disambiguation)

Panza is a town in Italy Panza or La Panza may also refer to:
People
* Carlo Panza, Italian sports shooter
* Federigo Panza (1633–1703), Italian painter.
* Giuseppe Panza (1923–2010), art collector
* Sancho Panza, a fictional character in the novel Don Quixote, Don Quixote's sidekick
Things
Places
* La Panza, California
* La Panza Range
# Dust of Life

Dust of Life may refer to:
* Dust of Life (1995 film), a 1995 film by Rachid Bouchareb
* Dust of Life: A True Ban Vinai Love Story, a 2004 novel by G. Y. Lee.
* Dust of Life (2009 film), a film by Le-Van Kiet
# Eduard Engelmann Jr.

Eduard Engelmann Jr. (14 July 1864 – 31 October 1944) was an Austrian figure skater, engineer, and cyclist. He was a three-time gold medallist at the European Figure Skating Championships. He had three children, all of whom became figure skaters: Edi, Helene and Christine, who married Karl Schäfer.

## Figure skating competition

    The Olympic Games and World Championships were not yet established in Engelmann's time.
| Event | 1892 | 1893 | 1894 |
| European Championships | 1st | 1st | 1st |

## Engineering

Engelmann studied at the Vienna University of Technology, specializing in railway engineering. He built the Kraftwerk Wienerbruck power station, the Landessiechenanstalt Oberhollabrunn hospital, and was manager of the Niederösterreichischen Eisenbahnamtes (Lower Austrian Railway office) of the Mariazellerbahn.
In 1909, he built the first ever artificial ice rink on land, which was established as an ice rink by his father Eduard Engelmann Sr., in the Hernals district of Vienna. In 1912, he built, in Vienna's Heumarkt district, what was at the time the largest artificial ice rink in Europe. The rink was improved on in later years; in 1932, the ice rink covered 3,000 square meters. He built another rink in Budapest in 1922.
In 1944, shortly after his death, the rink he built in Vienna-Hernals was bombed and totally destroyed. It was rebuilt after World War II and reopened in 1946; today, the location holds a supermarket, which, since 1974, has had an artificial ice rink attached.

## Other

As a cyclist, Engelmann was one of the founders of the Wiener Cyclisten-Clubs (Cyclists Clubs of Vienna). He won the cycling championships for unicyclists three times in the German cyclists' union.
# Pecha

Pecha (Tibetan: དཔེ་ཆ་, Wylie: dpe cha) is a Tibetan word meaning "book", but in particular, refers to the traditional Tibetan loose-leaf books such as the kangyur, tengyur, and sadhanas. Pechas sometimes have top and bottom cover plates made of wood, cardboard, or other firm materials, and are often seen wrapped in cloth for protection. The word pecha has entered common use in other languages such as English in the Tibetan Buddhist community, evident online in discussion forums and software products that include the word in their names.

## History

Pechas trace their history and unique shape back to the palm leaf manuscripts of India where palmyra and talipot palm leaves were used in the creation of texts as early as 500 BCE. The earliest existing palm leaf manuscripts date from 200 CE and were in continuous use until the 19th century.
The migration of India's manuscript technology to Tibet took place around the 7th century, when the scholar Thonmi Sambhota created the Tibetan script from his studies in India and Kashmir (his work is believed to be based on the Indian Brahmi and Gupta scripts). This script was then used to translate Buddhist Sanskrit texts into Tibetan. However, with the lack of traditional palm leaves in Tibet, birch bark was used instead; the use of bark was eventually supplanted by paper.

## In Tibetan Buddhism

Though digital copies of pechas are prevalent, and software exists to create them, physical reproductions by woodblock are still common. In monasteries that support woodblock printing, monks will work in teams of two. One will roll the woodblock with ink, then the other will place a blank long sheet of paper, which is then pressed by the first monk.
Tibetan Buddhist temples and shrine rooms traditionally house a complete collection of the kangyur and tengyur in pecha form. These are individually wrapped in cloth and tagged with brocade markers at one end and then placed upon shelves on the shrine.

## Software

The following software products can be used for generating pechas in either electronic form or for printing as physical Tibetan books.
* PechaMaker - free, closed source code, uses legacy fonts, does not support Unicode
* TibetDoc - commercial
# Columbarium suzukii

Columbarium suzukii is a species of large sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Columbariidae.
# Diocese of Northern Zambia

The Diocese of Northern Zambia is one of five dioceses in Zambia within the Church of the Province of Central Africa: it was created in 1971. The first bishop was Joseph Mabula and the current bishop is Albert Chama.
# 104.4 FM

The following radio stations broadcast on FM frequency 104.4 MHz:

## United Arab Emirates

* Virgin Radio Dubai

## United Kingdom

* BBC Radio Berkshire in Reading and Wokingham
* BBC Hereford and Worcester in Alvechurch, Barnt Green, Bromsgrove, Druids Heath, Frankley, Hopwood, Maypole, Longbridge, Redditch, Wychavon and Wythall
* BBC Radio Newcastle in Gateshead and Newcastle upon Tyne
* BBC Radio Norfolk in West Norfolk
* BFBS Gurkha Radio in Holywood
* CCR 104.4 in Chelmsford
* Pulse in Somerset
* Resonance FM
* West Somerset Radio