OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1523 Pieksämäki

1523 Pieksämäki, provisional designation 1939 BC, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 18 January 1939, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland, and named for the town of Pieksämäki.

## Orbit and classification

This S-type asteroid is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest groups of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.0–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,226 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic. In 1936, it was first identified as 1936 FO$_1$ at Nice Observatory, extending Pieksämäki's observation arc by 3 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.

## Physical characteristics
### Lightcurves

In December 2005, American amateur astronomer Donald P. Pray obtained a rotational lightcurve at Carbuncle Hill Observatory in collaboration with other astronomers. Light-curve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 5.3202 hours with a brightness variation of 0.47 magnitude (U=3).
Previous photometric observations were made by Kryszczyńska et al. in July 2004, that gave an identical period with an amplitude of 0.40 magnitude (U=2+), and by Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist, who derived a period of 5.33 hours (Δ0.5 mag) already in the 1970s (U=2). In March 2013, another well-defined period of 5.3210 hours (Δ0.42 mag) was obtained by French amateur astronomer René Roy.

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Pieksämäki measures 9.111 and 10.008 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.213 and 0.505. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the family's principal body and namesake – and calculates a diameter of 8.98 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.4.

## Naming

This minor planet was named for Pieksämäki, an eastern Finnish town in Southern Savonia. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3929).
# McOndo (book)

McOndo is the 1996 literary anthology that spawned the McOndo movement.

## History

Around 1994, Chilean writer Alberto Fuguet participated in an International Writer's Workshop which took place at the University of Iowa. There Fuguet attempted to present a short-story to the Iowa Review for publication. As the works of Latino authors were very popular at the time, Fuguet believed his chances of getting his works translated and published were quite high. However, upon reading Fuguet's work, the editor was convinced that the lack of magical realist or fantastical components in the narrative made it seem as if, "the story could have taken place right there in [the United States of] America." Consequently, the story was rejected on the grounds that 'it was not Latin American enough'. In response to the rejection of American editors, a short story anthology was compiled dawning the title McOndo. Edited and introduced by Alberto Fuguet and Sergio Gómez, the anthology of new Latin American literature was first published in Spain in 1996. The work compiled 17 short stories written by authors, all of whom were from either Latin America or Spain. All of the contributors were males who had primarily commenced their literary careers in the 1990s and all were born after the late 1950s. The contributing authors distanced themselves from the magical realism genre as they believed it did not correctly represent modern Latin America, which in the 1990s was full of "shopping malls, cable television, suburbs, and pollution". Alternately, the authors wished to focus on the erasure of nations, borders and geographical identities as a result of expanding transnational networks while exploring the effects of globalization on economy and culture. In one essay, Fuguet railed against the picturesque, exotic stereotypes that the publishing world had come to expect of Latin writers, citing well-known Cuban author-exile Reinaldo Arenas's pronouncement that the literary world expected Latin American novelists to tackle only two themes: underdevelopment and exoticism. Fuguet wrote that he does not deny that there are picturesque, colourful, or quaint aspects to Latin America, but that the world he lives in is too complicated and urban to be bound by the rules of magical realism. In the end, the primary focus of the anthology was the introduction, which was considered to be more in the vein of an essay rather than a literary work.
# Mike Stroud

Mike Stroud may refer to:
* Mike Stroud (physician) (born 1955), British physician and explorer
* Mike Stroud (musician), guitarist in the New York electronic rock duo Ratatat
# Demento

Demento may refer to:
* Damien Demento, pro wrestler
* Dr. Demento, American radio personality
* The Japanese name for the video game Haunting Ground
# Nemesis (Australian TV series)

Nemesis is a 2024 Australian three-part documentary series produced by ABC TV showcasing the Abbott, Turnbull and Morrison Governments and the leadership challenges these Prime Ministers faced. Nemesis covers the period from Tony Abbott's election as Prime Minister in 2013 to 2022 when Morrison led the Liberal and National Party Coalition to lose Government. The series consists of more than 60 interviews with members of the Coalition Governments conducted by investigative reporter Mark Willacy. Willacy interviewed key Coalition figures from the Liberal and National parties, including former Prime Ministers Malcolm Turnbull and Scott Morrison. This program follows in the ABC's track record of having produced similar documentary series such as Labor in Power, The Howard Years and The Killing Season. Nemesis was first announced in November 2023.

## Episodes

| Episode | Original broadcast date | Total viewers |
| The Abbott Years | 29 January 2024 | 1,427,000 |
| The Turnbull Years | 5 February 2024 | 1,495,000 |
| The Morrison Years | 12 February 2024 | 1,510,000 |
| Behind The Scenes | 12 February 2024 | 780,000 |
# Nemacheilus inglisi

Nemacheilus inglisi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Nemacheilus from rivers below Darjeeling and Sikkim, eastern Himalayas, in India.
It is named in honour of Charles M. Inglis (1870–1954), Scottish naturalist and Curator of the Natural History Museum of Darjeeling, India.
# Chen Wei-ling (director)

Chen Wei-ling (Chinese: 陳慧翎; pinyin: Chén Huìlíng; 4 March 1975 – 1 November 2023) was a Taiwanese director.
Chen won five Golden Bell Awards over the course of her career. She died from cervical cancer at the Taipei Municipal Wanfeng Hospital [zh], on 1 November 2023, at the age of 48.

## Selected filmography
### Television

* Autumn's Concerto (2009)
* Year of the Rain (2010)
* Material Queen (2011)
* Fiancee (2013)
* On Children (2018)
* Mom, Don't Do That! (2022)

### Film

* The Moonlight in Jilin (2012)
* One Minute More (2014)
# Chattanooga Corporation

Chattanooga Corporation is an American developer of technology for unconventional oil, particularly for tar sands and shale oil extraction.

## Operations

Chattanooga Corporation operates two pilot plants in Alberta, Canada, commissioned in 2000 and 2004. It has tested its technology for extraction on Colorado and Kentucky oil shales.

## Chattanooga Process

Chattanooga Process is an extraction process that uses a fluidized bed reactor and an associated hydrogen-fired heater. In this process, retorting occurs at relatively low temperatures (1,000 °F or 540 °C) through thermal cracking and hydrogenation of the shale into hydrocarbon vapors and spent solids. The thermal cracking allows hydrocarbon vapors to be extracted and scrubbed of solids. The vapors are then cooled, inducing the condensate to drop out of the gas. The remaining hydrogen, light hydrocarbons, and acid gases are passed through an amine scrubbing system to remove hydrogen sulfide which is converted to elemental sulfur. The cleaned hydrogen and light hydrocarbon gases are then fed back into the system for compression or into the hydrogen heater to provide heat for the fluidized bed reactor. This system is a nearly-closed loop; almost all of its energy needs are provided by the source material. The demonstration plant in Alberta was able to produce 930 barrels (~130 t) of oil per kilotonne of oil shale with an API gravity ranging between 28 and 30. With hydrotreating (the reaction of oil with high pressure hydrogen), it would be possible to improve this to 38-40 °API. Chattanooga Corporation is considering a design that would implemented in a 2,500-barrel-per-hour (~330 t/h) facility.
Integrating Chattanooga Process with the steam assisted gravity drainage in the process of extraction of tar sands and extra heavy oil may increase the quality of produced bitumen and increased energy sufficiency.
# (620094) 2016 AJ193

(620094) 2016 AJ$_{193}$ (provisional designation 2016 AJ$_{193}$; also known as 2010 KV$_{134}$) is a near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, approximately 1.4 kilometres (0.87 mi) in diameter. It was discovered on 17 May 2010 by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) satellite, but was lost until it was reobserved on 16 January 2016. With an observation arc over 11 years, 2016 AJ$_{193}$ has a well-determined orbit and trajectory through the year 2086. The asteroid's orbit is only potentially hazardous on a time scale of thousands of years.
On 21 August 2021, the asteroid safely made a close approach to Earth from a distance of 0.0229 AU (3.43 million km; 2.13 million mi), or 8.92 lunar distances (LD). During closest approach, 2016 AJ$_{193}$ reached a peak apparent magnitude of 14, visible to ground-based observers with telescope apertures of at least 20 cm (8 in). It is the largest asteroid that approached within 10 LD (3.8 million km; 2.4 million mi) of Earth in 2021.
The asteroid received the permanent minor planet number 620094 by the Minor Planet Center on 7 April 2023.
# Chenoua

Chenoua, alternate spelling Shenwa, may refer to:
* Mount Chenoua, a mountain range in Algeria.
* The Chenouas, a Berber population inhabiting Algeria.
* The Shenwa language.
# 1,1-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane

1,1-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane (also known as HCFC-132c or R-132c) is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon. It is a volatile derivative of ethane. It appears as a colourless, odorless non-flammable liquid. The use of HCFC-132c is restricted by the US EPA through the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 which intend to phase-out the use of substances that deplete the ozone layer. HCFC-132c is cited as an ozone depleting substance; it is considered as a class II substance by the EPA.
# 1,1-DCE

1,1-DCE may refer to:
* 1,1-Dichloroethane
* 1,1-Dichloroethene, also known as 1,1-dichloroethylene, vinylidene chloride, or 1,1-DCE
# Neoconocephalus triops

Neoconocephalus triops, the broad-tipped conehead, is a species of katydid in the family Tettigoniidae. It is found in the Caribbean and North America.
# Baring crisis

The Baring crisis or the Panic of 1890 was an acute recession. Although less serious than other panics of the era, it is the nineteenth century’s most famous sovereign debt crisis, and the 17th largest decline in U.S. stock market history.

## Background

The crisis was precipitated by the near insolvency of Barings Bank in London. Barings, led by Edward Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke, faced bankruptcy in November 1890 due mainly to excessive risk-taking on poor investments in Argentina. Argentina itself suffered severely in the recession of 1890 with its real GDP falling by 11 percent between 1890 and 1891. An international consortium assembled by William Lidderdale, governor of the Bank of England, including Rothschilds and most of the other major London banks, created a fund to guarantee Barings' debts, thereby averting a larger depression. Nathan Rothschild remarked that if this had not happened, perhaps the entire private banking system of London would have collapsed which would have caused an economic catastrophe.
The international financial distrust generated by this crisis burst the bubble in the Brazilian economy, which had been inflating since the previous decade, bringing forward its expected end and seeing a Brazilian financial crisis, which in turn along with Argentine and Uruguayan crises slashed repatriations and short-term investment by European immigrants from Latin America to their countries of origin, affecting the region significantly in the 1890s.
# Jess Kersey

Jesse "Jess" Kersey (January 12, 1941 – April 22, 2017) was an American basketball referee who worked for the American Basketball Association and the National Basketball Association.
Born in Newport News, Virginia, Kersey attended Thomas Nelson Community College.
Joining the NBA in 1973, Kersey was a highly regarded referee and officiated at the 1975 ABA All-Star Game, the NBA All-Star Games in 1983, 1987 and 2002, and the NBA Finals in 1983, 1984, 1986 and 1991.
During his 30-year career, he officiated 1,911 regular season games, 189 playoff games and 18 NBA Finals games.
In July 1997, Kersey resigned from the NBA after 24 seasons as a referee after he pleaded guilty to tax evasion. Kersey returned to the NBA for the 1998–99 season and continued working games until the 2006–07 season. On April 10, 2007, Kersey was injured after Corey Maggette collided with him, and Kersey underwent hip replacement surgery the following year. Kersey was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame in 2012.
Kersey died of cancer on April 22, 2017, in Williamsburg, Virginia, at the age of 76.
# Kai Olé

Kai Olé is an album by jazz trombonist and arranger Kai Winding recorded in 1961 for the Verve label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Allmusic review by Tony Wilds observed "Before Herb Alpert provided the hit transition from Latin brass to mod brass, Winding made this deluxe gatefold mod/Latin/jazz album. Surprisingly, Latin percussion yields him a lot more freedom than the yet more rigid big beat of the later, near-rock, mod sound. ...Kai Ole uniquely explores a new area of Latin jazz but never quite reaches critical mass".

## Track listing

* "Hacia el Fin de la Terra (To The Ends Of The Earth)" (Noel Sherman, Joe Sherman) - 2:49
* "Amor" (Gabriel Ruiz, the original Spanish lyrics by Ricardo López Méndez) - 2:42
* "Them There Ojos (Them There Eyes)" (Maceo Pinkard, Doris Tauber and William Tracey) - 2:20
* "Caribe" (Kai Winding) - 2:42
* "Esto Es Felicidad" (Bobby Collazo, José Carbó Menéndez, Orlando De LaRosa) - 2:39
* "Manteca" (Dizzy Gillespie, Chano Pozo, Gil Fuller) - 2:45
* "Hojas de Otoño (Autumn Leaves)" (Joseph Kosma, Johnny Mercer) - 3:03
* "Dansero" (Lee Daniels, Richard Hayman, Sol Parker) - 2:50
* "Que Pasa?" (Winding) - 2:39
* "Bésame Mucho" (Consuelo Velázquez) - 2:49
* "Adios" (Enric Madriguera, Eddie Woods) - 2:23
* "Surrey with the Fringe Arriba (Surrey with the Fringe on Top)" (Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II) - 2:46

## Personnel

* Kai Winding, Billy Byers - trombone, arranger
* Joe Newman, Doc Severinsen - trumpet
* Clark Terry - flugelhorn
* Tony Studd, George West - bass trombone
* Phil Woods - alto saxophone
* Danny Bank - baritone saxophone, clarinet
* Ross Tompkins - piano
* Harold Gaylor - bass
* Ray Rodriguez - bongos
* Other unidentified musicians
# Camissoniopsis hirtella

Camissoniopsis hirtella is a species of evening primrose known by the common name Santa Cruz Island suncup. It is native to California and Baja California, where it grows on the slopes of coastal and inland hills and mountains, especially in areas that have recently burned. It is an annual herb producing a hairy stem up to about half a meter in height. Most of the leaves are located in a basal rosette at ground level and are oval in shape and a few centimeters in length. The nodding inflorescence produces flowers with sepals coated in long, glandular hairs, and bright yellow petals under a centimeter long each. The petals sometimes have red dots at their bases. The fruit is a coiling capsule up to 2 centimeters long.
# Jordan Air Ambulance Center

Jordan Air Ambulance Center was established in 2015 by a Royal directive. The center was established to provide specialised patient transfer, rescue services, and air ambulance operations. It was created specifically to ease the transportation of wounded people from remote areas in Jordan to medical centers, though it can also serve people in neighbouring countries. King Abdullah II donated two fully equipped helicopters to the center and funds to maintain them for two years. In addition to the helicopters, the center has an operational headquarters and staff.

## History

A board was created in 2014, which sought to work towards establishing the center. Several meetings were held, of which some were chaired by the King himself. The fact that the establishment of this center would boost the competitiveness of Jordan's health sector was stressed and so this encouraged the government to work faster in order to get the center operational before the end of 2015. The center has also set standards for helipad construction and has sent them to hospitals. Its logo was designed by Ahmad Nazih Shaqour.
On October 4, 2015, the center successfully completed its first evacuation. A Russian tourist in Jordan's southernmost city, Aqaba, was suffering very high arterial pressure due to a cerebral hemorrhage. He was transported to Amman to undergo an advanced operation that is not available in Aqaba's hospitals.

## Availability

The service delivers patients to specialised hospitals in Amman which have a helipad. These include King Hussein Medical Center, Hamza Hospital, Speciality Hospital and Jordan Hospital.
# Supermodified

Supermodified may refer to:
* Supermodified (album), a 2000 album by Amon Tobin
* Supermodified racing, a class of open wheel race car that races on short tracks in North America
# Johnny Bakke

Johnny Bakke (13 November 1908 – 2 November 1979) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Sogn og Fjordane during the terms 1954–1957, 1958–1961, 1961–1965 and 1965–1969. He met in Storting for a total of 18 days.
# 1522 in science

The year 1522 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here.

## Exploration

* September 6 – The Victoria (nau Vittoria), one of the surviving ships of the Magellan expedition, returns to Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Spain under the command of Juan Sebastián Elcano, becoming the first ship to circumnavigate the world. It carries the first (dead) examples of the bird-of-paradise ever to be seen in Europe. Venetian cardinal Gasparo Contarini, in Spain at this time, is the first European to give a correct explanation of the one-day discrepancy in dates observed by the crew on their return.

## Mathematics

* Adam Ries publishes his popular arithmetical text Rechenung auff der Linihen und Federn.
* Johannes Werner's original work on conic sections is published.

## Medicine

* Publication in Seville, by Juan Varela and under the title of Metaphora medicinae, of a manual of medicine and pharmacy by Bernardino de Laredo.

## Births

* September 11 – Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian naturalist (died 1605)

## Deaths

* May – Johannes Werner, German polymath (born 1468)
# McPartlin

McPartlin as a surname may refer to:
* Anna McPartlin (born 1972), Irish novelist
* Anthony McPartlin (born 1975), also known as Ant, British actor, singer and television presenter; one half of the Ant & Dec duo
* Frank McPartlin (1872–1943), American baseball player
* Richard McPartlin Internal Medicine Specialist
* Robert F. McPartlin (1926-1987), American politician
* Ryan McPartlin (born 1975), American actor
# McPeak

McPeak is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bill McPeak (1926–1991), American football player and coach
* Holly McPeak (born 1969), American beach volleyball player
* Mark McPeak (born 1968), Northern Irish bowls player
* Merrill McPeak (born 1936), American politician and Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force
* Sandy McPeak (1936–1997), American actor
* Tony McPeak (footballer), Scottish footballer
* Vivian McPeak (born 1958), American activist and musician
# Cahilty Lake (British Columbia)

Cahilty Lake is a lake in British Columbia, Canada.
# Chelebadze

Chelebadze (Georgian: ჩელებაძე) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Giorgi Chelebadze (born 1992), Georgian footballer
* Revaz Chelebadze (born 1955), Georgian footballer
# Barbara Moore

Barbara Moore may refer to:
* Barbara Moore (ambassador) (1952–2010), United States ambassador to Nicaragua
* Barbara Moore (athlete) (born 1957), New Zealand long-distance runner
* Barbara Moore (composer) (1932–2021), British composer, arranger and vocalist for film, television and commercials
* Barbara Moore (model) (born 1968), Playboy magazine's Playmate for December 1992
* Barbara Moore (vegetarian) (1903–1977), Russian-born health enthusiast and long-distance walker
* Barbara Mbitjana Moore (born 1964), Australian artist
# Cameron Phillips

Cameron Phillips may refer to:
* Cameron (Terminator), a fictional character in Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles
* Cameron Phillips (broadcaster) (born 1969), Canadian radio broadcaster
# Sturgeon-Noblestown, Pennsylvania

Sturgeon-Noblestown was a census-designated place (CDP) for the 2000 United States Census in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,764 at that time. In the 2010 census the CDP was split into the two separate CDP's of Sturgeon and Noblestown.

## Geography

Sturgeon-Noblestown was located at 40°23′2″N 80°12′33″W﻿ / ﻿40.38389°N 80.20917°W﻿ / 40.38389; -80.20917 (40.383875, -80.209191).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 2.9 square miles (7.4 km$^2$), all of it land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,764 people, 676 households, and 504 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 615.5 inhabitants per square mile (237.6/km$^2$). There were 715 housing units at an average density of 249.5 per square mile (96.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.77% White, 2.27% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.06% from other races, and 0.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.45% of the population.
There were 676 households, out of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.8% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.3% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.05.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 35.7% from 25 to 44, 19.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $48,056, and the median income for a family was $58,571. Males had a median income of $34,500 versus $22,042 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,948. About 4.5% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.3% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.