# Directly elected member (Macau)

Macau is the only geographical constituency in the elections for the Legislative Assembly of Macau, with three sub-geographical constituencies under it.

## Overview

The constituency was set up in 1976 election when the highest averages method of the closed party-list proportional representation electoral system was introduced. No change of boundary had been made throughout since 1976.
The constituency covers all the parishes and zone in Macau. Members have been elected under proportional representation with seats apportioned under the highest averages method using the D'Hondt method. Suffrage was opened to Macau Residents without Portuguese citizenship in 1984.

## Background

The constituency was formed since the 1976 legislative election. Seats for the constituency have gradually increased.
Distribution of seats :
| | Direct suffrage | Total | Percentage |
| 1976 | 6 | 17 | 35.3% |
| 1980 | 6 | 17 | 35.3% |
| 1984 | 6 | 17 | 35.3% |
| 1988 | 6 | 17 | 35.3% |
| 1992 | 8 | 23 | 34.8% |
| 1996 | 8 | 23 | 34.8% |
| 2001 | 10 | 27 | 37.0% |
| 2005 | 12 | 29 | 41.4% |
| 2009 | 12 | 29 | 41.4% |
| 2013 | 14 | 33 | 42.4% |
| 2017 | 14 | 33 | 42.4% |
| 2021 | 14 | 33 | 42.4% |

## Return Members

Below are all the members since the creation of the Macau constituency.
| Election | | 1976 | | 1980 | | 1984 | | 1988 | | 1992 |
| Deputy Party | | Carlos d'Assumpção ADIM (1976–1984), UE (1984–1992) | Carlos d'Assumpção ADIM (1976–1984), UE (1984–1992) | Carlos d'Assumpção ADIM (1976–1984), UE (1984–1992) | Carlos d'Assumpção ADIM (1976–1984), UE (1984–1992) | Carlos d'Assumpção ADIM (1976–1984), UE (1984–1992) | Carlos d'Assumpção ADIM (1976–1984), UE (1984–1992) | Carlos d'Assumpção ADIM (1976–1984), UE (1984–1992) | | Leong Heng Teng UNIPRO |
| Deputy Party | | Diamantino Ferreira ADIM | Diamantino Ferreira ADIM | Diamantino Ferreira ADIM | | Manuel Borges UE | | Leong Kam Chu AAAH | | Tong Chi Kin UPD |
| Deputy Party | | Susana Chou ADIM | | Joaquim Valente CDM | | Lau Cheok Vá UE | | Lao Kuoung Po UE | | Kou Hoi In UNIPRO |
| Deputy Party | | Jorge Rangel GEDEC | | Joaquim Alves ADIM | | Leonel Alves UE | Leonel Alves UE | Leonel Alves UE | | António Ng ANMD |
| Deputy Party | | José Guterres CDM | | Leonel Boralho GIMA | | Alberto Ferreira ECP | | Wong Cheong Nam AAAH | | Fernando Chui UPD |
| Deputy Party | | José Noronha ADIM | | Anabela Ritchie ADIM | | Alexandre Hó FADM (1984–1988), AAAH (1988–1992), AA (1992–1996) | Alexandre Hó FADM (1984–1988), AAAH (1988–1992), AA (1992–1996) | Alexandre Hó FADM (1984–1988), AAAH (1988–1992), AA (1992–1996) | Alexandre Hó FADM (1984–1988), AAAH (1988–1992), AA (1992–1996) | Alexandre Hó FADM (1984–1988), AAAH (1988–1992), AA (1992–1996) |
| Deputy Party | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | | Susana Chou UNIF |
| Deputy Party | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | | Alberto Noronha LABOR |
| Election | | 1996 | | 1996 (b) | | 2001 | | 2005 | | 2009 | | 2013 | | 2017 | | 2021 |
| Deputy Party | | Chan Kai-kit APPEM | | Iong Weng Ian UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Iong Weng Ian UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Iong Weng Ian UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Iong Weng Ian UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Iong Weng Ian UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | | Ho Ion Sang UPP | Ho Ion Sang UPP | Ho Ion Sang UPP | Ho Ion Sang UPP | Ho Ion Sang UPP | | Leong Hong Sai UPP |
| Deputy Party | | Liu Yuk Lun APPEM | Liu Yuk Lun APPEM | Liu Yuk Lun APPEM | | Leong Iok Wa UPD | Leong Iok Wa UPD | Leong Iok Wa UPD | | Lee Chong Cheng UPD | | Si Ka Lom ACUM | Si Ka Lom ACUM | Si Ka Lom ACUM | Si Ka Lom ACUM | Si Ka Lom ACUM |
| Deputy Party | | Leong Heng Teng UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Leong Heng Teng UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Leong Heng Teng UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Leong Heng Teng UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Leong Heng Teng UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Leong Heng Teng UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | Leong Heng Teng UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009) | | Mak Soi Kun UMG | Mak Soi Kun UMG | Mak Soi Kun UMG | Mak Soi Kun UMG | Mak Soi Kun UMG | | Lo Choi In UMG |
| Deputy Party | | Fong Chi Keong UDM | Fong Chi Keong UDM | Fong Chi Keong UDM | | Jorge Manuel Fão CODEM | | Fong Chi Keong UBM | | Melinda Chan MUDAR | Melinda Chan MUDAR | Melinda Chan MUDAR | | Lam Iok Fong Cívico | | Lam U Tou PS |
| Deputy Party | | Tong Chi Kin UPD | Tong Chi Kin UPD | Tong Chi Kin UPD | | Kwan Tsui Hang UPD | Kwan Tsui Hang UPD | Kwan Tsui Hang UPD | Kwan Tsui Hang UPD | Kwan Tsui Hang UPD | Kwan Tsui Hang UPD | Kwan Tsui Hang UPD | | Lei Cheng-iUPD | Lei Cheng-iUPD | Lei Cheng-iUPD |
| Deputy Party | | Kou Hoi In UNIPRO | Kou Hoi In UNIPRO | Kou Hoi In UNIPRO | | Au Kam San ANMD | Au Kam San ANMD | Au Kam San ANMD | Au Kam San ANMD | Au Kam San ANMD | Au Kam San ANMD | Au Kam San ANMD | Au Kam San ANMD | Au Kam San ANMD | | Ngan Iek Hang UPP |
| Deputy Party | | David Chow CODEM | David Chow CODEM | David Chow CODEM | David Chow CODEM | David Chow CODEM | David Chow CODEM | David Chow CODEM | | Paul Chan APMD | | Zheng Anting UMG | Zheng Anting UMG | Zheng Anting UMG | Zheng Anting UMG | Zheng Anting UMG |
| Deputy Party | | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | António Ng ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–) | | Ma Io Fong ABL |
| Deputy Party | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | | Vitor Cheung ARSEM | | Chan Meng Kam ACUM | Chan Meng Kam ACUM | Chan Meng Kam ACUM | Chan Meng Kam ACUM | Chan Meng Kam ACUM | | Wong Kit Cheng ABL | Wong Kit Cheng ABL | Wong Kit Cheng ABL |
| Deputy Party | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | | João Bosco Cheang AEA | | Ung Choi Kun ACUM | Ung Choi Kun ACUM | Ung Choi Kun ACUM | | Song Pek Kei ACUM | Song Pek Kei ACUM | Song Pek Kei ACUM | Song Pek Kei ACUM | Song Pek Kei ACUM |
| Deputy Party | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | | Angela Leong NUDM | Angela Leong NUDM | Angela Leong NUDM | Angela Leong NUDM | Angela Leong NUDM | Angela Leong NUDM | Angela Leong NUDM | | Lei Leong Wong ACUM |
| Deputy Party | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE | José Maria Pereira Coutinho NE |
| Deputy Party | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | | Wong Kit Cheng UPP | | Leong Sun Iok UPD | Leong Sun Iok UPD | Leong Sun Iok UPD |
| Deputy Party | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | New Seat | | Leong Veng Chai NE | | Sulu Sou Ka Hou AMN | | Che Sai Wang NE |