OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# East Grinstead Meridian (electoral division)

51°08′00″N 0°00′02″W﻿ / ﻿51.13326°N 0.00043°W﻿ / 51.13326; -0.00043
East Grinstead Meridian is an electoral division of West Sussex in the United Kingdom, and returns one member to sit on West Sussex County Council.

## Extent

The division covers the northern part of the town of East Grinstead, and came into existence as the result of a boundary review recommended by the Boundary Committee for England, the results of which were accepted by the Electoral Commission in March 2009.
It comprises the following Mid Sussex District wards: East Grinstead Ashplats Ward, East Grinstead Baldwins Ward and the northern part of East Grinstead Town Ward; and falls entirely within the civil parish of East Grinstead.

## Election results
### 2013 Election

Results of the election held on 2 May 2013:
East Grinstead Meridian :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Liz Bennett | 1,006 | 48.0 | +0.5 |
| | UKIP | Ian Simcock | 507 | 24.2 | N/A |
| | Liberal Democrats | Jackie Beckford | 307 | 14.7 | −24.2 |
| | Labour | Andrew Skudder | 163 | 7.8 | +4.3 |
| | Green | Catherine Edminson | 111 | 5.3 | −4.8 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 499 | 23.8 | +15.2 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,094 | 24.9 | −10.7 |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | | |

### 2009 Election

Results of the election held on 4 June 2009:
East Grinstead Meridian :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Liz Bennett | 1,408 | 47.5 | |
| | Liberal Democrats | Paul Johnson | 1,153 | 38.9 | |
| | Green | James Blair | 300 | 10.1 | |
| | Labour | Colin Moffatt | 103 | 3.5 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 255 | 8.6 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,964 | 35.6 | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) |
# Duncan Mackintosh

Duncan Mackintosh (died 1689?) was a pirate who cruised the East Indies, the Indian Ocean, and the coast of Africa.

## History

Buccaneer John Eaton sailed for the East Indies aboard his ship Nicholas after raiding the Pacific Coast of Spanish South America. There he met with great success looting Chinese, Japanese, and Dutch shipping. In 1686 he made his way to eastern India where his crew split up. Eaton may have died there or returned to England; some of his sailors went ashore to serve the Mughals, while others elected to continue their piracy. Those who remained on the Indian Ocean soon captured an East India Company ketch named Good Hope which they decided to keep. The ship's mate, Duncan Mackintosh, was their only navigator and they convinced him to join them, electing him Captain.
Mackintosh took Good Hope to the Nicobars, Malacca, Côn Đảo, Borneo, Singapore, Johor, and finally back to Madras. They had mixed success between their various stops, capturing some vessels by flying false flags but running from others who resisted too strongly. The pirates lost several sailors along the way to various causes including native attacks. Among the prisoners they took were some Spanish and Portuguese men who had already been captured by pirates: they had once been taken by buccaneers serving under William Dampier, who had also raided Spanish South America under Captains Swan, Cook, Davis, and Read. They considered marooning some of their prisoners, threatening to feed them to cannibals rumored to inhabit the Andaman Islands. A group of their captives planned to mutiny and retake Good Hope but were discovered and marooned near Sukadana.
After stopping at Madagascar to replenish their stores, they sailed around the Cape of Africa into the Atlantic, raiding up the African coast before heading west to Brazil. Near the mouth of the Amazon the pirates debated marooning or executing their Spanish prisoners; Mackintosh and a few officers convinced the crew to give the prisoners a captured ship and release them. Alonso Ramírez, one of the captives, recorded Mackintosh's speech leading to his and his fellow prisoners' release:
   It is enough that we have become degenerate, robbing the Orient of its best, in unholy ways. Are not the many innocents, the fruits of whose sweat and toil we took, and whose lives we stole, not clamoring to the Heavens? Think now, what has this poor Spaniard done to deserve losing his? He has served us as a slave, grateful even for what we have done with him since his capture. To leave him on this river where, I believe, only barbarous Indians live is ingratitude; to cut his throat, as some of you advise, would be worse than impiety. Lest his innocent blood cry out to the entire world, I and those who stand with me are now prepared to become their protectors.
Returning to the west African coast, Mackintosh and some others were caught, tried, and hanged at Cape Corso in Guinea around 1689. The remaining crew and Good Hope escaped, the ship being reported back at Madagascar later in 1689 “with a good store of gold and diamonds” but with few crewmen left aboard.
# Open End (sculpture)

Open End is an abstract public art sculpture by Clement Meadmore. The 11-foot-high (3.4 m), 5-short-ton (4.5 t) curved metal beam is located on the grounds of St. Xavier High School in Springfield Township, Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. It was previously located in downtown Cincinnati.

## Description

Open End rises out of the ground, bends 90 degrees to run along the horizontal plane, folds back on itself to run in the opposite direction, gently bends to the left while rotating slightly counterclockwise, folds again, and slopes downward toward the pedestal before curling back to point in the same direction as the second fold.

## History

In 1984, Linclay Corporation commissioned Meadmore to design a sculpture for the three-story, brick plaza at the corner of Sixth and Vine Streets, in front of the Cincinnati Commerce Center that Linclay was developing. The Commerce Center, later known as the Convergys Center, was one of several International Style office towers that went up that year. The hollow bronze and steel sculpture was manufactured for $100,000 by the Tallix Foundry in Beacon, New York, and dedicated in August 1984.
Downtown passersby expressed puzzlement at Open End. Meadmore intended the work as "a bridge between the scale of the pedestrians and that of the building". Unfortunately, the scale of the sculpture itself became a problem, as pedestrians frequently injured their heads by walking into its two large prongs. To protect pedestrians, especially the blind, a 10-inch-high (25 cm) curb was later built around the perimeter of the installation.
In 1992, the Save Outdoor Sculpture! project noted gouging and "minimal graffiti" on the sculpture's surface and suspected that water was collecting inside the pedestal.
In June 1999, Prudential Insurance Company restored the sculpture and donated it to St. Xavier before remodeling the plaza. Open End was reinstalled on October 20, 1999, at the Math Wing entrance outside Berning Gymnasium, where it can be seen from West North Bend Road. St. Xavier students have compared the sculpture to Gumby.
Meadmore's 12-by-5-inch (300 mm × 130 mm) artist's proof was sold at auction in 2011 to benefit the Cleveland Play House.
# Climate Watch

Climate Watch may refer to:
* Climate Watch (World Resources Institute), a website that aggregates and visualizes data on countries' greenhouse gas emissions
* Climate Watch (Kausal Ltd.), a web tool for municipalities and other organisations for monitoring their own climate actions
# Abandinus

Abandinus was a theonym used to refer to a Celtic god or male spirit worshipped in Godmanchester in Cambridgeshire during the Romano-Celtic period.

## Epigraphic evidence

Abandinus is represented in Britain on a single altarstone. He is unknown throughout the rest of the Roman Empire and is therefore thought to have been a local god of the Roman fort at Godmanchester in Cambridgeshire, possibly associated with either a natural spring or a stream in the neighbourhood.
The Roman fort at Godmanchester, a strategic site on Ermine Street at the crossing of the River Great Ouse, is thought to have been called Durovigutum. The god is known only from an inscribed bronze feather, very likely some sort of votive object, dedicated to him. The inscription on the bronze feather reads:
   "DEO ABANDINO VATIAVCVS D S D"
   * ‘To the god Abandinus, Vatiacus dedicates this out of his own funds’.

## Semantics of the theonym

The semantics of the theonym are unknown. All the same, linguistic knowledge of Proto-Celtic lexis permits a narrowing of the likely possibilities of the theonym's semantics. The name could be interpreted as an extended form of a stem composed of Proto-Celtic elements deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots *ad- ‘to’ + either *bʰend- ‘sing, rejoice’ or *bʰendʰ- ‘bind’. Along these lines, the name would mean ‘(the god) who sings to (something/someone)’ or ‘(the god) who binds (something/someone) to (something/someone).’
However, it is also possible to see the name as an extended form of a variant form of the Proto-Celtic word *abon- ‘river,’ derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ab-, *h₂eb- ‘water, river’. The shorter element *abo- likely existed in the Proto-Celtic hydronomy as a word for ‘river’ or ‘water.’ It is evident in Romano-Celtic as an unspecific variant name for the rivers flowing into the Humber, documented as Abus. This element developed in Modern Welsh as aber- meaning ‘river estuary’. This *abo- element could have been the source of the Ab-- element in the theonym Abandinus. So the name can also be analysed as *Ab-Andinus ‘Andinus of the River,’ Andinus being a theonym attested elsewhere in the ancient Roman Empire.
# Conrad Mardefelt

Baron Conrad Mardefelt, formally Conrad von Maesberg, friherre Marderfelt (c. 1610–1688) was a field marshal of Sweden. He was a nobleman of Pomeranian origin.
After having distinguished himself as a fortification officer with Lennart Torstensson, he was entrusted with the command of all the Swedish fortifications on German soil in 1646. He became a general in 1673 and a field marshal in 1675.
King Charles XI created him a freiherr in 1677 with the baronial name Marderfelt (from which some literature has tended to drop one "r").
He was the father of Arvid Axel Mardefelt.

## Sources

* ↑ "Marderfelt, Arvid Axel". Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon. Vol. II. 1906. p. 126.
* The article Conrad Mardefelt in Nationalencyklopedin (1994).
# Deborah German

Deborah Campano German is an American rheumatologist and academic administrator serving as the founding dean of the University of Central Florida College of Medicine since 2006. She was the president and chief executive officer of Saint Thomas Hospital from 2002 to 2004.

## Life

German was born to Pasco and Mentana Campano and raised in a working-class Italian home in Cumberland, Rhode Island. Her mother was a school cafeteria worker and hairdresser and her father was a mechanical engineer. She graduated from Cumberland High School where she cheered on the varsity team. She earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry with honors from Boston University. She received a M.D. from Harvard Medical School in 1976. German completed an internal medicine residency at the University of Rochester and a rheumatic and genetic diseases fellowship at the Duke University School of Medicine.
German studies rheumatic and genetic diseases. German was the associate dean of medical education at Duke University School of Medicine. She researched adenosine metabolism at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. She joined Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in 1988. She was an associate dean of students for ten years before serving as the senior dean of medical education from 1999 to 2002. German was the first woman to serve in the later role. In 2000, she was received the Athena Award for excellence by women in the Nashville, Tennessee area. She was a professor of medical administration and associate professor of medicine. In 2001, she also operated a rheumatology practice. She cofounded Tennessee Women in Medicine. German was the president and chief executive officer of Saint Thomas Hospital from 2002 to 2004. She was a Petersdorf Scholar in Residence at the Association of American Medical Colleges in 2005. In October 2006, German was the lone finalist to serve as the founding dean of the University of Central Florida College of Medicine. She was appointed as the founding dean of the college of medicine in December 2006. German is vice president of health affairs for the University of Central Florida. On October 12th, 2023, German was named the Central Florida Woman of the Year by the Women's Executive Council of Orlando.
German has two daughters.
# Numerosity adaptation effect

The numerosity adaptation effect is a perceptual phenomenon in numerical cognition which demonstrates non-symbolic numerical intuition and exemplifies how numerical percepts can impose themselves upon the human brain automatically. This effect was first described in 2008.
Presently, this effect is described only for controlled experimental conditions. In the illustration, a viewer should have a strong impression that the left display (lower figure) is more numerous than the right, after 30 seconds of viewing the adaptation (upper figure), although both have exactly the same number of dots. The viewer might also underestimate the number of dots presented in the display.
Both effects are resistant to manipulation of the non-numerical parameters of the display. Thus, this effect cannot be simply explained in terms of size, density, or contrast.
Perhaps the most astonishing aspect of these effects is that they happen immediately, and without conscious control (i.e., knowing that the numbers are equal would not hamper their happening). This points to the operation of a special and largely automatic processing system. As noted by Burr & Ross (2008):
   Just as we have a direct visual sense of the reddishness of half a dozen ripe cherries, so we do of their sixishness.

## Possible explanations

Few explanations were suggested to explain these phenomena. It was argued that they are heavily dependent on density and less on numerosity. Also, it was suggested that numerosity may be correlated with kurtosis and that the results may be better explained in terms of texture density such that only dots falling within the spatial region where the test is displayed effectively adapt the region.
However, as the display in the original experiments was of spots uniformly either white or black, the kurtosis account is inapplicable. The texture density explanation doesn't seem to disentangle the complexity of these phenomena as in the display the left field adapts to many dots, the right field to few, and these adapters selectively affect the relevant test stimuli. It is not the number of dots in the entire display that causes the adaptation but only those within a particular area. At present, why adaptation have such profound effect on numerosity estimates remains largely unexplained.
# 1933 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship

The 1933 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 39th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.
Young Irelands were the defending champions.
On 26 November 1933, Ahane won the championship after a 1–07 to 1–01 defeat of Croom in the final. It was their second championship title overall and their first title in two championship seasons.
# Aaron's sign

Aaron's sign is a referred pain felt in the epigastrium upon continuous firm pressure over McBurney's point. It is a non-specific sign of appendicitis. While the sign is well known, and taught in medical education, its efficacy has not been well established.
Aaron's sign is named for Charles Dettie Aaron, an American gastroenterologist.
# Ali Saeed Abdulla

Ali Saeed Karim Ali Abdulla (born 24 September 1979) is a Bahraini former footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Bahrain in the 2004 AFC Asian Cup.
# Dugarajapatnam Port

Dugarajapatnam Port is a proposed seaport in Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Construction was expected to start in 2020 and finish in 2023. It will be controlled by the Union government, alongside Visakhapatnam Port in the state of Andhra Pradesh, and would cost nearly ₹8,000 crore (US$960 million). The port is set up under India's Companies Act 1956 with equity participation of the government of Andhra Pradesh.

## Relocation

The construction encountered certain objections as the sensitive ecosystem of Pulicat Lake and the satellite launching station ISRO of Sriharikota are very near to Duggarajapatnam. After environmental and forest clearances, the location was shifted to Vagarru at Tupilipalem village. Tupilipalem is located 20 km from Dugarajapatnam, but the port will be still be referred to as Dugarajapatnam Port. The district administration is taking steps to acquire approximately 5,028 acres (2,035 ha) of land at the new location.
# Crawford Blagden

Crawford Blagden (March 2, 1881 – January 11, 1937) was an American football player. He played college football for the Harvard Crimson football team and was selected as a consensus All-American at the tackle position in 1901.
Crawford was born in 1881 in New York City. His grandfather, Luther C. Clark, was one of the founders of the banking firm, Clark, Dodge & Co. He attended Harvard University, where he played for the Harvard Crimson football team. In 1901 he was selected as a consensus All-American tackle. The 1901 Harvard team defeated rival Yale by a score of 17 to 0.
After graduating from Harvard, Blagden served as the line coach at Harvard under Percy Haughton. In 1914, with the outbreak of war in Europe, Blagden and Grenville Clark developed the idea to develop camps to train civilians for potential wartime service as officers. These camps at Plattsburgh, New York, became the Citizens' Military Training Camp. When the United States entered World War I, Blagden was trained at Plattsburgh and served as a lieutenant-colonel in the United States Army in France. In 1918, he led an advance by the 317th Infantry to rescue the survivors of the so-called "Lost Battalion" from the Argonne Forest in France.
After the war, Blagden worked for Atlantic Navigation Corporation and later for Joseph Walker & Sons, a stock brokerage company. He retired in 1932. Blagden was married twice. In 1911, he was married to Mary Hopkins, a granddaughter of Williams College president Mark Hopkins. They had a son, Crawford Blagden, Jr. His first wife died in 1912. In 1918, he married his second wife, Minna E. MacLeod of Nova Scotia.
In January 1936, Blagden died at the Harkness Pavilion of Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center after suffering an attack of influenza. He was 55 years old when he died.
# 1973 French legislative election in the Comoros

Elections to the French National Assembly were held in the Comoros on 4 March 1973 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections. The result was a victory for the List for the French Republic, which won both seats. The seats were taken by Mohamed Dahalani and Mohamed Ahmed.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | List for the Fifth Republic | 107,424 | 100.00 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 107,424 | 100.00 | 2 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 107,424 | 99.68 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 341 | 0.32 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 107,765 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 133,284 | 80.85 | | |
| Source: Sternberger et al. ||||||
# Aaron Fink

Aaron Fink may refer to:
* Aaron Fink (musician), former guitarist of Breaking Benjamin
* Aaron Fink (artist) (born 1955), American artist
# Octy

Octy may refer to:
* "Octy" Graham (c. 1885–1927), American football player
* Octy, a character in the arcade game Baraduke
# Defiance Cycle Company

The Defiance Cycle Company was formed in 1880 to produce bicycles in Wales. It was founded by two brothers of the Williams family, Arthur and William Williams who established the factory at the top of the Amman Valley.
They started making ordinary bicycles in 1878, and made their first chain-driven bicycle in late 1884 or 1885.
On Easter Monday, 9 April 1885, a chain-driven Defiance Cycle was ridden from the factory at Glanamman to Swansea and back, a distance of some 35 miles. Many people turned out to see this event, which is commemorated by riders tracing the ride route to Swansea.
The company thrived through the 1880s and in 1895 opened a retail premises in Eloff Street, Johannesburg, South Africa. to sell bicycles exported from Wales. Their manufacturer’s trademark changed to 'The Defiance Cycle Company of Glanaman & Johannesburg' to reflect this development.
They produced a motorcycle in 1901, but only for a short time. Arthur Williams & Co. continued to sell bicycles until Arthur's death in 1948.
Just three of these bicycles are known to be still in existence, one is in private ownership while the other two are in the museums of Birmingham and Carmarthen.
# 234th Intelligence Squadron

The United States Air Force's 234th Intelligence Squadron is an Air National Guard intelligence unit located at Beale Air Force Base, California.

## Lineage
### 234th Mobile Communications Flight

* Constituted as the 234th Airways and Air Communications Service Operations Flight and allotted to the Air National Guard
    Activated on 20 November 1952
    Redesignated 234th Airways and Air Communications Service Flight, Mobile c. 11 January 1953
    Redesignated 234th Mobile Communications Flight (Heavy) on 1 July 1961
    Inactivated c. 20 January 1966

### 234th Intelligence Squadron

* Constituted as the 234th Mobile Communications Squadron on 1 January 1966 and allotted to the Air National Guard
    Activated c. 6 September 1966
    Redesignated 234th Mobile Communications Squadron (Bare Base) on 16 March 1968
    Redesignated 234th Mobile Communications Squadron (Tactical Air Base) unknown
    Redesignated 234th Combat Communications Squadron (Tactical Air Base) on 1 April 1976
    Redesignated 234th Combat Information Systems Squadron on 1 July 1985
    Redesignated 234th Combat Communications Squadron on 1 October 1986
    Redesignated 234th Intelligence Squadron on 1 December 2004

### Assignments

* 144th Maintenance and Supply Group, 20 November 1952
* 144th Fighter-Bomber Wing, c. 11 January 1953
* 162d Communications Group (later 162d Mobile Communications Group, 162d Combat Communications Group, 162d Combat Informations Systems Group, 162d Combat Communications Group) (attached to 548th Intelligence Group after 1 December 2004), 1 July 1961 – c. 20 January 1966, c. 6 September 1966
* 195th Wing, 1 September 2015 – present

### Stations

* Hayward Municipal Airport, California, 20 November 1952 – c. 20 January 1966
* Hayward Municipal Airport (later Hayward Air National Guard Station), California, c. 6 September 1966
* Beale Air Force Base, California, c. 1 December 2004 – present
# Aaron's rod (disambiguation)

Aaron's rod refers to any of the walking sticks carried by Moses' brother, Aaron, in the Torah.
Aaron's rod may also refer to:

## Plants

* Hylotelephium telephium, a plant also known as orpine or live-forever
* Solidago, a genus of North American plants with yellow flowers
* Thermopsis villosa, a species of North American plant with yellow flowers
* Verbascum thapsus, a biennial plant with medicinal uses and tall flowering stems