OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# COVID-19 pandemic in Western Sahara

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached Western Sahara in April 2020. The released data from the Moroccan government excludes cases in territory controlled by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.

## Background

On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.
The case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower than SARS of 2003, but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.

## Timeline

On 4 April, the first four cases were confirmed in Boujdour by the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO).
On 9 April, MINURSO reported that two new cases were confirmed in Dakhla, bringing the number of confirmed cases to six.
On 24 April, MINURSO reported four more cases, bringing the number of confirmed cases to ten.
By 19 June there had been 26 confirmed cases, the latest of which in Laayoune. One patient had died (in Tindouf, 24 May) while 23 had recovered and 2 were still active cases.
On 31 August there were 41 active cases in Laayoune.
On 30 April 2021, Morocco granted Carles Puigdemont asylum. According to a source from the Moroccan foreign ministry, the decision was made in due to "the principle of reciprocity to host the Catalan independence leader" after Sahrawi President Brahim Ghali was allowed to go to Spain to get treated for COVID-19.
# The Bahamas–Cuba relations

The Bahamas–Cuba relations are diplomatic and bilateral relations between the Commonwealth of The Bahamas and the Republic of Cuba. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and the United Nations.
The Bahamas has an embassy in Havana and Cuba has an embassy in Nassau.
Both nations share a maritime border.
# Molagavalli

Molagavalli is a village in Kurnool district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Alur Mandal of Pattikonda revenue division.

## Geography

Molagavalli is located at 15°21′21″N 77°19′47″E﻿ / ﻿15.3559°N 77.3296°E﻿ / 15.3559; 77.3296 and at an altitude of 508 m (1,667 ft).
# Storskog

Storskog (lit. 'Big Forest') is a border crossing station on the Norwegian side of the Norway-Russia border, along the European route E105 highway. The crossing is located in Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county on the Norway side of the border.
The Russian side is in Boris Gleb in Pechengsky District in Murmansk Oblast. There is a border crossing station on the Russian side also, and both have to be passed to enter the opposite country. There is a duty-free shop in Russia between the stations.
Storskog is the only legal land border crossing between Norway and Russia. The station lies in the far northeastern part of Norway, about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) east of the town of Kirkenes in Norway and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Nikel.

## Traffic

* In 2010, there were 141,000 crossings across the border at the Storskog border station.
* In 2013, there were 320,000 crossings.
* In 2017, there were 265,177 crossings.
# Johannisthal air disaster

The Johannisthal air disaster involved the Imperial German Navy's L 2 airship manufactured by Luftschiffbau Zeppelin as LZ 18. Its test flight resulted in the death of all 28 passengers and crew on board. On 17 October 1913, at approximately 10:30 am local time, hydrogen gas which was being vented was sucked into the forward engine and ignited causing the airship to explode and burn. It crashed near Johannisthal Air Field about 16 kilometres (10 mi) southeast of Berlin. The accident occurred a little over a month after the Helgoland Island Air Disaster.

## Accident

The "Almanac and Year-Book for 1914" reported that the airship "was destroyed by the explosion of a gasoline tank, which occurred as the ship was making a trial trip above the city of Johannisthal, near Berlin. All except one of the twenty-seven military men on board, including the entire admiralty trial board, were killed.
Thousands of people who had been watching the evolutions of the L-2, which, if accepted, was to have been the flagship of Germany's new aerial fleet, heard a heavy detonation and saw the craft suddenly become enveloped in flames and drop to the ground from a height of 270 metres (900 ft).
On reaching the spot in the road where the wreckage of the airship had fallen the spectators found nothing but a mass of crumpled aluminum and twisted wreckage. The only man found alive was Lieut. Baron von Bieul, a guest on the trip, who was fatally injured. The passengers of the center gondola were blown through the sides of the car by the explosion and their bodies fell a quarter of a mile away from the wreck of the dirigible.
The pilot of the airship was Capt. Gluth, who had been in Count Zeppelin's employ for a long time.
The admiralty trial board consisted of seven officers, including Lieutenant-Commander Behnish, and Lieut. Freyer, both personal friends of Emperor William, Naval Constructors Neumann and Pietzler, Naval Engineer Busch, Lieut. Trenk and Chief Engineer Haussmann were among the others killed."
# Jack Harrington

Jack Harrington may refer to:
* Jack Harrington (Australian footballer)
* Jack Harrington (English footballer)
# Stilbosis extensa

Stilbosis extensa is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Annette Frances Braun in 1919. It is found in North America where it has been recorded from California.
The wingspan is 7.5–9 mm. The head, thorax and forewings are clothed with whitish-tipped gray scales. There are four patches of blackish raised scales on the forewings, each margined inwardly with dull whitish. The hindwings are gray.
# NUF2

Kinetochore protein Nuf2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUF2 gene.
This gene encodes a protein that is highly similar to yeast Nuf2, a component of a conserved protein complex associated with the centromere. Yeast Nuf2 disappears from the centromere during meiotic prophase when centromeres lose their connection to the spindle pole body, and plays a regulatory role in chromosome segregation.
The encoded protein is found to be associated with centromeres of mitotic HeLa cells, which suggests that this protein is a functional homolog of yeast Nuf2. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode the same protein have been described.
# Dan Turner (director)

Daniel Edward Morgan Turner, professionally known as Dan Turner, is a UK-based film director. Born in Essex, Turner excelled at English literature and participated in local theatre. It was not until 2004, after many short films, that Dan first made the feature film Experiment in 2005. He has since directed the 2008 film Look at Me, and the 2009 release Big Mistake.
In 2010 Turner made the horror feature film Stormhouse, which was selected for the Edinburgh Film Festival and Frightfest in London, and in 2011 Dan directed a feature film of his semi-biographical screenplay The Man Inside starring Peter Mullan, David Harewood, Ashley "Bashy" Thomas, Michelle Ryan and Jason Maza.
Turner currently works from Elstree Film studios, on a variety of film and theatre projects.
# Sverdlovsky District, Russia

Sverdlovsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia. The districts are generally named after Yakov Sverdlov, a Bolshevik party leader.

## Districts of the federal subjects

* Sverdlovsky District, Oryol Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Oryol Oblast

## City divisions

* Sverdlovsky City District, Irkutsk, a city district of Irkutsk, the administrative center of Irkutsk Oblast
* Sverdlovsky City District, Krasnoyarsk, a city district of Krasnoyarsk, the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai
* Sverdlovsky City District, Perm, a city district of Perm, the administrative center of Perm Krai
# Carmel Napier

Carmel Napier, QPM (born August 1960) is a British retired senior police officer. She served as Chief Constable of Gwent Police in South Wales from 2011 to 2013.

## Early life

Napier holds a BA Honours (BA Hons) degree in English and Music; a Licentiate of Trinity College London, and a Diploma in Applied Criminology from the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge.

## Police career

Napier joined Hertfordshire Constabulary in 1983. She was then promoted to Superintendent with North Yorkshire Police, the head of the Complaints and Professional Standards Department. In 2002, she was promoted to Detective Chief Superintendent as Head of Specialist Support. After completion of the Strategic Command Course, she was appointed Temporary Assistant Chief Constable. In October 2006 she joined Essex Police as Assistant Chief Constable responsible for the Territorial Policing and Partnerships.
On 4 September 2008, she joined Gwent Police as Deputy Chief Constable, appointed Chief Constable-designate in January 2011, a position she fulfilled from April 2011.
Napier resigned from Gwent Police in June 2013 following a threat from the then Police and Crime Commissioner, Ian Johnston, that if she did not leave he would dismiss her. Johnston disagreed with Napier's management style and claimed crime figures had been manipulated. During a review of the role of PCC's both Napier and Johnston appeared before a House of Commons select committee to give accounts of her resignation.

## Personal life

Napier's husband James is a retired businessman.
# Clapham railway station, Adelaide

Clapham railway station was located on the Belair line in the inner southern Adelaide suburb of Clapham, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Adelaide railway station.

## History

Clapham was opened in 1908. The station consists of two earth-filled concrete faced platforms, one each side of the dual lines, which were originally both broad gauge. Each platform had a timber and iron open passenger shelter, and there was a ticket office at the foot of the western platform which was staffed only at peak hours in the 1960s. There was a shelter, bench, and public address speaker on the down platform.
Between its opening in 1908 and 1915, the Clapham railway station was located approximately 150 metres west of its final location. A short branch line diverged from the Belair line along what is now Price Avenue, terminating just north of Springbank Road. This allowed trains to terminate at Clapham without obstructing trains on the main line - the Clapham passenger service was typically a P class locomotive with a couple of carriages, and was known as the Clapham Dodger. In 1915 the Clapham station was moved to its final location on the main line.
It closed on 28 April 1995 along with Millswood and Hawthorn when the line was converted to two single lines as part of the standardisation of the Adelaide-Wolseley line. During the Belair line renewal in 2009, the top edge of the eastbound platform was removed because of the risk of it being struck by passing trains.
# SuperRedTan Interchange

The SuperRedTan Interchange is a symmetrical four-level freeway interchange in eastern Mesa, Arizona. Completed in 2007, the interchange provides access between U.S. Route 60 and Loop 202. It is fully directional, meaning that a motorist traveling towards the interchange in any direction can exit onto either direction of the intersecting freeway. The interchange is said to be the first in the Valley of the Sun to include design icons on the support columns in addition to the retaining walls. There are no HOV connections at this time, although they are planned in the future.

## Etymology

The name SuperRedTan is a portmanteau of the names of three area freeways that intersect at this point. The name borrows the bolded portions of the following to form the word SuperRedTan.
* Superstition Freeway
* Red Mountain Freeway
* Santan Freeway

## Construction

In order to successfully create the SuperRedTan Interchange, twelve bridges were built for a combined bridge deck area of 321,000 square feet (29,800 m$^2$). All of the bridges were built using cast-in-place concrete, with post-tensioned box girders. There was 60,511 feet (18,444 m) of mechanically stabilized earth walls with some segments reaching up to 53 feet (16 m) tall. 162,040 feet (49,390 m) of soundwalls were also built within the project area to minimize the amount of decibels that the interchange was projected to generate the surrounding communities. The SuperRedTan Interchange project also consisted of widening the Superstition Freeway between Power and Crismon Roads, and constructing Loop 202 from scratch from the interchange north to University Drive. Phased construction lasted four years, from 2003 to 2007, and cost $116 million USD. It was funded through Proposition 300, which was passed in 1985 by Maricopa County voters.
# The Avalanche (Owen album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 83/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Beats Per Minute | 79% |
| Exclaim! | 7/10 |
| The Line of Best Fit | 8.5/10 |
| MusicOMH | |
The Avalanche is the tenth studio album by American musician Mike Kinsella, under the solo project Owen. It was released on June 19, 2020 under Polyvinyl Record Co.

## Release

On May 7, 2020, Kinsella announced the release of the album, alongside the first track "A New Muse". The second single "On With The Show" was released on May 28, 2020.

## Critical reception

The Avalanche was met with "universal acclaim" reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, this release received an average score of 83, based on 7 reviews. Aggregator Album of the Year gave the album 79 out of 100 based on a critical consensus of 7 reviews.
# Steyskalomyza

Steyskalomyza is a monotypic genus of flies from the family Dryomyzidae.

## Distribution

Known only from Japan in the Palearctic.

## Species

* S. hasegawai Kurahashi, 1982
# Jumrikanda

Jumrikanda is a town and Village Development Committee in Pyuthan, a Middle Hills district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal.

## Villages in VDC

| | | Ward | Lat. | Lon | Elev. |
| Arudanda | अरुडाँडा | | 28°10'N | 82°50'E | 1,470m |
| Bahungaun | बाहुनगाउँ | | 28°10'N | 82°49'E | 1,744 |
| Bantakura | बनटाकुरा | | 28°10'N | 82°50'E | 1,470 |
| Baskot | बासकोट | | 28°09'N | 82°49'E | 1,290 |
| Bhalubhutte | भालुभुत्ते | | 28°10'N | 82°50'E | 1,655 |
| Bismure | बिसमुरे | | 28°11'N | 82°48'E | 1,931 |
| Danphe | डाँफे | | 28°09'N | 82°49'E | 1,270 |
| Domai | दोमै | | 28°09'N | 82°50'E | 1,022 |
| Jhankrigaun | झाँक्रीगाउँ | | 28°09'N | 82°48'E | 1,415 |
| Jumrikanda | जुम्रीकाँडा | | 28°10'N | 82°49'E | 1,693 |
| Kutdanda | कुटडाँडा | | 28°10'N | 82°50'E | 1,430 |
| Nepane | नेपाने | | 28°09'N | 82°48'E | 1,866 |
| Obang | ओबाङ | 6 | 28°10'N | 82°48'E | 1,459 |
| Odarni | ओडार्नी | | 28°10'N | 82°50'E | 1,490 |
| Odrahalnegaun | ओड्राहाल्नेगाउँ | | 28°10'N | 82°50'E | 1,730 |
| Pakute | पाकुटे | | 28°10'N | 82°49'E | 1,530 |
| Patal Kateri | पातल कटेरी | | 28°11'N | 82°48'E | 1,818 |
| Purnagaun | पुर्नागाउँ | 8 | 28°10'N | 82°48'E | 1,590 |
| Sarga | सर्गा | | 28°11'N | 82°49'E | 1,905 |
| Sirbang | सिरबाङ | | 28°09'N | 82°50'E | 1,190 |
| Sugurkhal | सुँगुरखाल | | 28°09'N | 82°48'E | 1,765 |
| Takura | टाकुरा | | 28°09'N | 82°49'E | 1,375 |
| Tallo Thakana | तल्लो थकना | | 28°10'N | 82°50'E | 1,495 |
| Tarakholagaun | ताराखोलागाउँ | | 28°09'N | 82°49'E | 1,265 |
# Mecha (disambiguation)

Mecha refers to scientific ideas or science-fiction genres that center on robots or machines controlled by people.
Mecha may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Mecha anime and manga
* Mecha, a robot in Catalyst: Agents of Change comics
* Mecha Kirby, a copy ability from the Kirby series introduced in Kirby's Return to Dream Land Deluxe

## Places

* Mecha (selo), a rural locality in Osintsevskoye Rural Settlement, Kishertsky District, Perm Krai, Russia
* Mecha (woreda), a district of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia

## Other uses

* MEChA (Movimiento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlán), a US-based student organization
* Mecha Ortiz (1900–1987), Argentine actress
* Mecha tea, a type of Japanese green tea
# Michael Belfiore

Michael Belfiore is an author and journalist. Some of his notable works include The Department of Mad Scientists: How DARPA is Remaking Our World, published by Smithsonian Books Rocketeers, and The Way People Live - Life Aboard a Space Station. He has written numerous articles for Popular Mechanics and Popular Science
# 198 BC

Year 198 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Catus and Flamininus (or, less frequently, year 556 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 198 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Republic

* After his election to the consulship, Titus Quinctius Flamininus is chosen to replace Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus as the leading Roman general in Macedonia. He then crosses into Macedonia with his army. Flamininus realizes that future peace depends on breaking the power of king Philip V of Macedon, not merely humbling him. He secures the backing of the Achaean League and then opens peace negotiations with Philip at Nicaea in Locris. Though peace proposals are submitted to the Roman Senate, the talks break down, and fighting resumes.
* Titus Quinctius Flamininus' forces manage to push Philip V out of most of Greece, except for a few fortresses. He then defeats Philip V in the Battle of the Aous, near modern Tepelenë in Albania.

#### Seleucid Empire

* The Battle of Panium is fought between Seleucid forces led by Antiochus III and Ptolemaic forces led by Scopas of Aetolia. The Seleucids win the battle which allows Antiochus III to obtain entire possession of Palestine and Coele-Syria from King Ptolemy V of Egypt. Though the Romans send ambassadors to Ptolemy V, they are unable to lend him any serious assistance against Antiochus III.
* In the resulting peace, Antiochus III agrees to give his daughter Cleopatra in marriage to Ptolemy V.

#### China

* Following the defeat of the Han at the hands of Modu Chanyu of the Xiongnu at Baideng in 200 BC, courtier Liu Jing (劉敬) is dispatched by Han emperor Gaozu for negotiations. The peace settlement eventually reached between the parties includes a Han princess given in marriage to the chanyu (called heqin 和親 or "harmonious kinship"); periodic tribute of silk, liquor and rice to the Xiongnu; equal status between the states; and the Great Wall as mutual border. This treaty sets the pattern for relations between the Han and the Xiongnu for some sixty years.
# Stolephorus commersonnii

Commerson's anchovy (Stolephorus commersonnii), also known as Devis's anchovy, long-jawed anchovy, Teri anchovy, is a species of anadromous ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. It is known as haalmassa in Sri Lanka, where it is widely used as a nutrient-rich fish meat. It is widely used as a live or dead bait in tuna fishery.

## Description

It is a small schooling fish found in depth of 0–50 m in most of the tropical areas of the Indo-Pacific oceans, including Madagascar and Mauritius eastward and towards Hong Kong and further east to Papua New Guinea in westwards. Maximum standard length is 11.2 cm. It has 21–22 anal soft rays. There are 0–5 small needle-like scutes on the belly region. Belly is slightly rounded. Body color is same as other engraulids, where body is light transparent fleshy brown with a pair of dark patches behind occiput, followed by a pair of lines to dorsal fin origin. The silver stripe is present on flanks.

## Ecology

Indian anchovy usually feeds on surface plankton. Female lay oval eggs in grassy sea beds.

## Human use

This fish, with the much larger Indian anchovy, is part of the cuisine of the South- and Southeast Asian marine regions. It can be crisp-fried, used to make fish-based culinary products like fish sauce or in curries. In Sri Lanka, this variety of fish is made into a tasty snack by dipping in a batter of flour, then rolled in bread crumbs and deep fried in oil. It is also popular as a ‘white curry’, i.e.a curry made with coconut milk. A spicier variant is made with dry chilli gravy and served with scraped fresh coconut to offset the hotness of the gravy.

## Vernacular names

Commerson's anchovy is known as:
* Dilis in Filipino
* Haalmassa (හාල්මැස්සා) in Sinhala
* Netthallu (నెత్తళ్ళు) in Telugu
* Ikan Bilis in Malay language
# Carl von Häberlin

Carl von Häberlin (16 December 1832, in Oberesslingen – 13 April 1911, in Stuttgart) was a German painter and illustrator.

## Life

he received his first lessons at the Stuttgart Kunstschule, then attended the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf from 1852 to 1856, where he studied under Theodor Hildebrandt and Wilhelm von Schadow. His first paintings were military scenes. In 1860, he pursued further studies with Karl Theodor von Piloty at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich and expanded his thematic material, although still focusing on historical subjects.
Following a two-year study trip to Italy in 1864, he returned to Stuttgart, where he continued to paint scenes from history (now including Italy), and worked as an illustrator. From 1868 to 1883, he was a Professor of genre painting at the Kunstschule.
From 1878 to 1894, he spent the warmer months in Konstanz, working on twenty-six large scale murals at a hotel which had once been a monastery on Dominicans Island. These murals depicted the history of the island, through the beginnings of the hotel in 1874, and replaced an earlier set of Biblical frescoes. During his last two years working there, he also created frescoes for the Castell Castle in nearby Tägerwilen.
In 1901, he received the Ehrenkreuz of the Order of the Crown (Württemberg), which conferred a title of nobility.

## Selected paintings

* Thunderstorm
* The Knight and the Maid
* Scene from the Peasants' War
* At the Bladesmith's
# Clarence, Illinois

Clarence is an unincorporated community in Ford County, Illinois, United States. Clarence is within the limits of the remote Button Township and makes up most of its population. The community is located adjacent to Illinois Route 9, which provides service to nearby Paxton and Rankin.
# Molliens-au-Bois

Molliens-au-Bois (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

The commune is situated on the D30 and D78 road junction, some 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Amiens.

## History

During the Battle of Amiens in August 1918, the divisional HQ of the U.S 33rd Infantry Division was set up in the chateau at Molliens-au-Bois. During that period, King George V went to the castle and awarded medals to General Pershing and other troops. General Bell was the C.O of the division.
On the night of August 8–9, 1918, as three Battalions of Doughboys from the 33rd U.S. Division were joining the Allied offensive during the Battle of Amiens, American war poet Lieut. John Allan Wyeth and Lieut. Thomas J. Cochrane were assigned to deliver sealed orders from Division HQ at Molliens-au-Bois to the Field Headquarters of all three Battalions engaged in the attack. The location of each Battalion was unknown, but they were believed to be along the northern bank of the Somme River, near the village of Sailly-le-Sec. Wyeth would later describe the mission in detail in his six interlinked "Chipilly Ridge sonnets."
# Javier Núñez

Javier Núñez Molano (born 23 April 1983) is a Spanish butterfly and medley swimmer who competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics. He was born in Sabadell, Barcelona.
# Carrollton Township, Arkansas

Carrollton Township, Arkansas may refer to:
* Carrollton Township, Boone County, Arkansas
* Carrollton Township, Carroll County, Arkansas