OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tanneguy Duchâtel

Count Charles Marie Tanneguy Duchâtel (19 February 1803, Paris – 5 November 1867, Paris) was a French politician. He was Minister of the Interior in the Cabinet of François-Pierre Guizot (19 September 1847 to 24 February 1848), losing office in the February Revolution.

## Sources

* Alfred-Auguste Cuvillier-Fleury, Le Comte Tanneguy Duchatel. Notice Historique, Paris, J. Claye, 1868
* Georges Picot, Le comte Duchâtel : notice historique, lue en séance publique le 12 décembre 1908 à l'Institut de France, Librairie Hachette, Paris, 1909 (read online)
* Notice biographique de Tanneguy Duchâtel, extrait de l'ouvrage Les ministres des Finances de la Révolution française au Second Empire, Comité pour l'histoire économique et financière de la France, 2007, 624 p, (ISBN 978-2-11-094807-6).
* Notice biographique sur le site de l'Assemblée nationale
* "Tanneguy Duchâtel", in Adolphe Robert and Gaston Cougny, Dictionnaire des parlementaires français (1789-1891), Bourloton, Paris, 1889 Edition details Wikisource
* This article about a French politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# NGC 157

NGC 157 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus, positioned about 4° east of the star Iota Ceti. This galaxy can be viewed from suburban skies using a moderate-sized telescope. It was discovered on December 13, 1783 by William Herschel. The compiler of the New General Catalogue, John Louis Emil Dreyer noted that NGC 157 was "pretty bright, large, extended, between 2 considerably bright stars". It is a relatively isolated galaxy; the nearest other galaxy of comparable luminosity lies at a separation of 4.2 Mly (1.3 Mpc).
The morphological classification of NGC 157 is SAB(rs)bc, indicating this is a weakly-barred spiral galaxy (SAB) with a transitional ring structure (rs) and moderate to loosely-wound arms (bc). The plane of the galaxy is inclined at an angle of 61.8° to the line of sight from the Earth. It has symmetric arms that become flocculent in the outer parts, breaking into multiple arms. The rotation curve for this galaxy undergoes a sharp decline, suggesting a low mass or a small dark matter halo. It is considered a quiescent galaxy, showing little star formation activity. However, there is a starburst region in the nucleus forming new stars at the rate of about one solar mass per year.
This galaxy has been host to two observed supernova events. The first, 2009em, was discovered 5 May 2009, about 34″ west and 10″ south of the galaxy core. It was determined to be a Type Ic supernova. On 5 May 2022, Type Ic supernova event SN 2022jli was observed in NGC 157, reaching a peak magnitude of 14.4.
# 1660 in Japan

Events in the year 1660 in Japan.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Go-Sai

## Events

* January 25 - The first bridge to span the Sumida River in Tokyo, the Ryōgoku Bridge, is built to give people a means of escape from fires. (Traditional Japanese Date: Thirteenth Day of the Twelfth Month, 1659)
# Egon (restaurants)

Egon restaurant is a Norwegian restaurant concept that opened its first restaurant on Nordstrand in Oslo in 1984. Egon is a registered trademark and owned by Norrein AS in Trondheim. The headquarters are located in Trondheim.
The name is obtained from the film figure Egon Olsen from the Olsen Gang (Olsenbanden). Arve Opsahl, who had this role in the Norwegian films about Olsenbanden, was among the guests at the opening. Olsen's bowler hat is also used in the marketing of the restaurant chain. The concept includes that guests order and pay for the food and drinks themselves at the bar and inform the waiters on the number of the table where they are sitting. Drinks are collected by the guests. The food is served at the tables. The menu includes breakfast and lunch dishes, main courses, pizza varieties, light dishes, salads, sandwiches and hamburgers as well as desserts. The menu list has been inspired by dishes from around Europe. Norwegian Christmas food is on the menu in November, December and January. In the restaurants, printed menus are available in several languages, including English.
The interior is rugged, with brick and coarse barnboards as decorative elements.
The opening hours are daily (except Christmas Eve and Christmas Day), and most restaurants have extended opening hours on Fridays and Saturdays.
There are more than 30 restaurants, spanning the country of Norway. The restaurant chain had a turnover of NOK 1.52 billion in 2018.
In Trondheim, there is a rotating Egon restaurant at the top of Tyholttårnet, which rotates 360 ° within an hour.
# Egyptian–Ottoman War

Egyptian–Ottoman War may refer to:
* Ottoman–Mamluk War (1485–91)
* Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17)
* Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–33)
* Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–41)
# Osaka Monorail 2000 series

The 2000 series (2000系) is a type of monorail train which has operated on the Osaka Monorail since 2001. The trains are built by Hitachi, Ltd. and Kawasaki Heavy Industries, have aluminium bodies, and operate as four-car formations.

## Build details

| Set No. | Manufacturer | Date delivered |
| 11 | Hitachi | 2001 |
| 12 | Hitachi | 2005 |
| 13 | Hitachi | 2006 |
| 14 | Hitachi | 2006 |
| 15 | Kawasaki Heavy Industries | 2006 |
| 16 | Kawasaki Heavy Industries | 2006 |
| 17 | Hitachi | 2007 |
| 18 | Hitachi | 2009 |

## Interior

* Driver's cab
* Interior view
* Priority seating
* LCD passenger information display

## Special liveries

* Expo '70 50th anniversary livery
* This Japanese rail transport related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Osaka Monorail 1000 series

The 1000 series (1000系) is a type of monorail train operated on the Osaka Monorail since 1989. The trains were built by Hitachi, Ltd. and Kawasaki Heavy Industries, have aluminium bodies, and operate as four-car formations.

## Build details

| Set No. | Manufacturer | Date delivered | Withdrawn | Scrapped |
| 01 | Hitachi | 1989 | | |
| 02 | Hitachi | 1989 | | |
| 03 | Kawasaki Heavy Industries | 1989 | | |
| 04 | Kawasaki Heavy Industries | 1989 | | |
| 05 | Hitachi | 1989 | | |
| 06 | Hitachi | 1989 | | |
| 31 | Hitachi | 1992 | | |
| 32 | Kawasaki Heavy Industries | 1995 | 2018 | 2020 |
| 21 | Hitachi | 1997 | | |
| 22 | Hitachi | 1997 | | |
| 23 | Hitachi | 1997 | | |
| 24 | Kawasaki Heavy Industries | 1997 | | |
| 25 | Kawasaki Heavy Industries | 1998 | | |
# Osaka Monorail 3000 series

The 3000 series (3000系) is a type of monorail train manufactured by Hitachi Rail operated on the Osaka Monorail since 2018.

## Interior

The interior was designed with comfort and openness in mind, such as larger windows. At the rear of the lead car is a "Kids Zone" for children to play.
# Orthocarpus luteus

Orthocarpus luteus is a species of flowering plant in the broomrape family known by the common name yellow owl's-clover. It is native to much of western and central North America, where it grows in many types of plateau, grassland, and mountain habitat.

## Description

It is an annual herb producing a slender, hairy, glandular, bright yellowish green to deep purple stem up to about 40 centimeters tall. The narrow leaves are up to 5 centimeters long, the upper ones sometimes divided into three lobes. The inflorescence is a dense cylindrical spike of green bracts, the flowers emerging from between them. The lightly hairy flowers are 1 to 1.5 centimeters long and bright yellow in color. They are club-shaped, the upper lip a tiny, curving beak and the lower lip a narrow pouch.
# Ortilia liriope

Ortilia liriope, the Brazilian crescent, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Pieter Cramer in 1775. It is found in French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and northern Brazil.
The larvae are gregarious and feed on Justicia species. They reach a length of about 19 mm.
# Otopleura

Otopleura is a genus of minute to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Species

Species within the genus Otopleura include:
* Otopleura auriscati (Holten, 1802)
* Otopleura glans (Reeve, 1843)
* Otopleura mitralis (A. Adams, 1855)
* Otopleura nitida (A. Adams in H. & A. Adams, 1853–58)
* Otopleura nodicincta (A. Adams, 1855)

### Species brought into synonymy

* Otopleura australis Laseron, 1959: synonym of Otopleura mitralis (A. Adams, 1854)

## Distribution

Species of this genus can be found throughout the Pacific Ocean.
# Osbeckia

Osbeckia is a genus of plants in the family Melastomataceae. It was named by Carl Linnaeus for the Swedish explorer and naturalist Pehr Osbeck (1723–1805).

## Distribution

Osbeckias are native to Eastern Asia — China, Japan, Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka and Australasia. Some species have been investigated as herbal remedies.

## Accepted species

The following 11 species are accepted botanical names.
* Osbeckia afzelii (Hook. f.) Cogn.
* Osbeckia capitata Benth. ex Naudin
* Osbeckia chinensis L.
* Osbeckia crinita Benth. ex C.B. Clarke
* Osbeckia decandra (Sm.) DC.
* Osbeckia nepalensis Hook. f.
* Osbeckia nutans Wall. ex C.B. Clarke
* Osbeckia porteresii Jacq.-Fél.
* Osbeckia praviantha Jacq.-Fél.
* Osbeckia stellata Buch.-Ham. ex Ker Gawl.
* Osbeckia tubulosa Sm.

## Unresolved species

Following botanical names are used in the texts, but categorized as Unresolved by The Plant List.
* Osbeckia aspera Bl.
* Osbeckia brachystemon Naudin
* Osbeckia calotricha A. Chev.
* Osbeckia capitata Benth. ex Walp.
* Osbeckia ciliaris Ser. ex DC.
* Osbeckia cogniauxiana De Wild.
* Osbeckia crepiniana Cogn.
* Osbeckia cupularis D. Don ex Wight & Arn.
* Osbeckia elliptica Naudin
* Osbeckia incana E. Mey. ex Hochst.
* Osbeckia lanata Alston
* Osbeckia leschnaultiana DC.
* Osbeckia liberica Stapf
* Osbeckia mehrana Giri & Nayar
* Osbeckia muralis Naudin
* Osbeckia octandra DC.
* Osbeckia porteresii Jacq.-Fél.
* Osbeckia praviantha Jacq.-Fél.
* Osbeckia pusilla De Wild.
* Osbeckia reticulata Bedd.
* Osbeckia rubicunda Arn.
* Osbeckia septemnervia Ham. ex Craib
* Osbeckia tubulosa Sm.
* Osbeckia umlaasiana Hochst.
* Osbeckia virgata D. Don ex Wight & Arn.
* Osbeckia wattii Craib
* Osbeckia wynaadensis C.B. Clarke
* Osbeckia zeylanica Steud. ex Naudin
# 1566 in Ireland

Events from the year 1566 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Monarch: Elizabeth I

## Events

* April 25 – Shane O'Neill seeks aid for his cause from Charles IX of France.
* c. June – negotiations between Archibald Campbell, 5th Earl of Argyll (chief of the Clan Campbell) and Shane O'Neill over the captivity of Sorley Boy MacDonnell.
* August 2 or 3 – Shane O'Neill is proclaimed a traitor and a price is put on his head.
* August – Shane O'Neill burns Armagh Cathedral in defiance of Archbishop Richard Creagh.
* September 6 – an English expedition under Colonel Edward Randolph sets out from Bristol for Lough Foyle.
* September 17–November 12 – Sir Henry Sidney, Lord Deputy of Ireland, campaigns against O'Neill in Armagh, Tír Eoghain and Tyrconnell, reaching Derry on October 12. Humphrey Gilbert serves under him at the start of the campaign.
* October 26 – Aodh mac Maghnusa Ó Domhnaill becomes king of Tír Chonaill and The O'Donnell in succession to his half-brother Calvagh O'Donnell.
* November – Shane O'Neill attacks the troops of Edward Randolph (who is killed) at Derry.

## Births

* October 13 – Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, Lord High Treasurer of Ireland (died 1643)
* Dominic Collins, Jesuit priest (d. 1602)
* 1566 or 1569 – Henry Fitzsimon, Jesuit controversialist (d. 1643 or 1645)

## Deaths

* October 26 – Calvagh O'Donnell, King of Tír Chonaill.
# 1699 in France

Events from the year 1699 in France.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Louis XIV

## Events

* 20 January: Louis XIV gave the French Academy of Sciences its first rules.
* 11 June: France, England and the Dutch Republic agree on the terms of the Treaty of London (1700) (Second Partition Treaty) for Spain.
* The Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture holds the first of a series of salons at the Louvre Palace.

## Births

* 26 March: Hubert-François Gravelot, illustrator (d. 1773)
* 26 June: Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin, salonnière (d. 1777)
* 17 August: Bernard de Jussieu, naturalist (d. 1777)
* 25 August: Charles Étienne Louis Camus, mathematician and mechanician (d. 1768)
* 13 October: Jeanne Quinault, actress and playwright (d. 1783)
* 2 November: Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, painter (d. 1779)
* 25 November: Pierre Subleyras, painter (d. 1749)
* Undated: Joseph Galien, professor of philosophy and theology at the University of Avignon, meteorologist, physicist and writer on aeronautics (d. 1762 or 1782)

## Deaths

* 20 February: Jean-Baptiste Monnoyer, painter (b. 1636)
* 21 April: Jean Racine, classic dramatist (b. 1639)
* 26 September: Simon Arnauld, Marquis de Pomponne, diplomat and minister (b. 1618)
* 18 November: Pierre Pomet, pharmacist (b. 1658)
* 30 December: Pierre Robert, composer (b. c. 1618)
* Undated: Antoine Le Grand, Cartesian philosopher, in England (b. 1629)
# 1624 in Sweden

Events that occurred during the year 1624 in Sweden, including births and deaths.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Gustaf II Adolf

## Events
### April

* April 15: The city of Sala is granted town privileges by Gustaf II Adolf.

### June

* 1 June: The truce between Sweden and Poland expires, but is extended until March 1, 1625.

### September

* September 11: The royal secretary Göran Bähr is hung for his apostasy of the protestant religion.
* September 21: Södertälje 's mayor Z. Anthelius, and two other Swedes are executed because of their Catholic faith.

## Births

* February 13: Erik Oxenstierna (not to be confounded with Eric Oxenstierna), born in Södermanland, count of Södermöre and swedish chancellor.
* 29 June - Olov Svebilius, archbishop from 1681 to his death in 1700.
* unknown date - Anna Eriksdotter, alleged witch (died 1704).
* Maria Dauerer, pharmacist (apothecary) (died 1688).

## Deaths

* March 25: Lucretia Magnusdotter (Gyllenhielm), illegitimate royal daughter (died 1562).
# 1624 in music

The year 1624 in music involved some significant events.

## Events

* Antonio Bertali is employed as court musician in Vienna by Emperor Ferdinand II.

## Publications

* Juan Arañés – Libro Segundo de tonos y villancicos
* Thomas Elsbeth – Ein Hochzeitlicher Gesang (Von Gott mir ist erkohren) for five voices (Freiberg: Georg Hoffmann), a wedding song
* Melchior Franck
** Neues Christliches Grabgesang for four voices (Coburg: Johann Forckel), a funeral motet
** Neues Hochzeit Gesang auß dem 37. Psalm v. 4.5 for five voices (Coburg: Fürstliche Druckerei), a wedding motet for Johann Forckel, his printer
** Neues Christliches Epithalamium, aus der Historia Isaacs und Rebeccae for twelve voices in two choirs (Coburg: Johann Forckel), a wedding motet
* Girolamo Frescobaldi – Il primo libro di capricci
* Sigismondo d'India
** Seventh book of madrigals for five voices (Rome: Giovanni Battista Robletti)
** Eighth book of madrigals for five voices and basso continuo (Rome: Giovanni Battista Robletti)
* Giovanni Girolamo Kapsberger – Poematia et carmina (Rome: Luca Antonio Soldi), a collection of songs by Pope Urban VIII
* Francis Pilkington – The second set of madrigals, and pastorals, of 3. 4. 5. and 6. parts (London: Thomas Snodham)
* Samuel Scheidt – Tabulatura nova, three books of organ music

## Classical music

* Claudio Monteverdi – Il Combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda
* Johann Ulrich Steigleder – Ricercar Tabulatura

## Births

* Giovanni Antonio Pandolfi Mealli (1624-1687)
* date unknown
** Francesco Provenzale, composer (died 1704)
** François Roberday, organist and composer (died 1680)

## Deaths

* February 4 – Vicente Espinel, writer and guitarist (born 1550)
* October – Marcantonio Negri, composer, singer and musical director
* November 14 – Costanzo Antegnati, Italian organ builder, organist and composer
# Cycle Queens of America

The Cycle Queens of America is a women's motorcycle club founded by Margaret Bonham of Washington, DC and Delores Davis of Philadelphia in 1958 after she was excluded from the then all White women's motorcycle club called the Motor Maids. Its members came from numerous states in the USA and its uniform was red and white. Unlike others women's clubs of the time, to clarified misconceptions of its being a "Negro club" club secretary Davis stated in 1962 that it was never a racial segregated. Cycle Queens members held field meets in New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Kentucky and Maryland and were competing in many races at the time. Members ranged from 23 to 65 years old.
The club organized field events and raise donations for charity.
# 2004–05 Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone season

The 2004–05 Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone season comprises three different basins. Their respective seasons are:
* 2004–05 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season west of 90°E,
* 2004–05 Australian region cyclone season between 90°E and 160°E, and
* 2004–05 South Pacific cyclone season east of 160°E.
# Osmodes laronia

Osmodes laronia, the large white-spots, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and western Kenya. The habitat consists of forests.
Adults of both sexes are attracted to flowers.
The larvae feed on Marantochloa cuspidata, Thalia welwitschii and Thaumatococcus daniellii.
# Cyril C. Perera

Cyril C. Perera (3 June 1923 – 4 September 2016) was a Sri Lankan author of Sinhala literature who was well known for his translations of world literature into Sinhalese. His translations included novels, short stories, poems, stage plays, and children's literature.
Perera was born in Colombo and attended various schools there. He studied art, architecture, and building engineering at Colombo Technical College and later joined government service. He worked as a building designer in the Ministry of Health.

## Publications

| Title | Original author | Original work |
| Novels |||
| යුද්ධය හා සාමය | Leo Tolstoy | War and Peace |
| පෙමතො ජායති සොකො | Leo Tolstoy | |
| මිනිසා ජීවත් වන්නේ කුමකින්ද? | Leo Tolstoy | The Kreutzer Sonata |
| මෛත්‍රී කරුණාව | Leo Tolstoy | |
| මළ මිනිස්සු | Nikolai Gogol | Dead Souls |
| පෙරළුැ නැවුම් පස | Mikhail Sholokov | Virgin Soil Upturned |
| ගැඹුරු මුහුද | Arthur C. Clarke | The Deep Range |
| ධවල තල්මසාගේ කතා පුවත | Herman Melville | Moby-Dick |
| වෘකයන් අතර නග්නව | Bruno Apitz | Naked Among Wolves |
| එමා බෝවාරි | Gustav Flaubert | Madame Bovary |
| මහල්ලා සහ මුහුද | Ernest Hemingway | The Old Man and the Sea |
# Cyril Buraman

Cyril Buraman (born 12 November 1959) is a Nauruan political figure and member of the Parliament of Nauru.

## Background

Buraman was born on 12 November 1959, registered to the Anetan District. He is a member of the Ranibok tribe.
Buraman stood for, and was duly elected to, the Parliament of Nauru, where the party system is not fully developed, and in 2007 was seen as an opponent of the incoming Administration of President Marcus Stephen.

## Events of 2008
### Alliance with Parliamentary Speaker

In March 2008 David Adeang was appointed Speaker of the Parliament of Nauru and Buraman was regarded as tactically close to Adeang and to former President of Nauru René Harris, who was at the time still retained his Parliamentary seat and exercised a role as a leading member of the Opposition.

### April 2008

In April 2008 Buraman stood again, but lost his seat in the Parliament of Nauru, as did former President René Harris.

## Return to Parliament

In June 2013 Buraman was re-elected to Parliament for Anetan. He was the Speaker of the Parliament of Nauru from 13 July 2016 to 27 July 2019.
Having been unseated in the 2019 Parliamentary election, Buraman stood unsuccessfully to regain his Anetan seat in 2022.

## Personal life

Buramen became engaged to Sharon Bam, of the Uaboe district, on 13 January 1981. The couple married on 23 January 1981.
# Eastwood, Pretoria

Eastwood is a suburb in Pretoria, South Africa.
# 111 Herculis

111 Herculis is a suspected astrometric binary star system located 92 light years from the Sun in the northern constellation Hercules. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.34. The system is moving nearer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −45 km/s, and may come as close as 37 light-years in 537,000 years.
According to Cowley et al. (1969), the visible component has a stellar classification of A5III, matching an A-type giant star. Abt and Morrell (1995) listed it as type A3IV, suggesting it is instead a less evolved subgiant star. The interferometry-measured angular diameter of the primary component is 0.52±0.02 mas, which, at its estimated distance, equates to a physical radius of roughly 1.6 times the radius of the Sun. The star is estimated to be 559 million years old with 2.40 times the mass of the Sun and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 71 km/s. It is radiating 13 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 8,873 K.
# Centropyge narcosis

Centropyge narcosis, the narc angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is native to the Cook Islands. It is found at a depth range of 100m - 128m. This species is more expensive than the well known peppermint angelfish in the aquarium trade.

## Description

Centropyge narcosis is vivid yellow over the whole of its body and fins broken only by a large black blotch in the middle of the upper flank. This is a small species which attains a maximum total length of 5.5 centimetres (2.2 in).

## Distribution

Centropyge narcosis is endemic to the Cook Islands where it has been only recorded from the waters around Rarotonga.

## Habitat and biology

Centropyge narcosis is found at depths between 100 and 120 metres (330 and 390 ft). It is normally found in pairs or small groups in caves and in cracks on steep drop offs. It is a little known species and its natural diet is a mystery but in captivity it will eat a variety of foods. This species usually swims “upside down”, swimming with its head down and its underside very close to the substrate. When it perceives a threat, it will adopt a head down position, erect the spines in its dorsal fin and use the spots on its flanks to impersonate a large predatory fish.

## Systematics

Centropyge narcosis was first formally described in 1993 by Richard Pyle and John Ernest Randall (1924-2020). The specific name, narcosis, refers to the extreme effects of nitrogen narcosis that the Richard Pyle and Charles “Chip” Boyle suffered when they collected the holotype at a depth greater than 100 metres (330 ft) while using conventional SCUBA equipment. Some authorities place this species in the subgenus Centropyge.

## Utlisation

Centropyge narcosis is very rare in the aquarium trade and commands high prices when it does come up for sale.
# Nostoc parmelioides

Nostoc parmelioides is a species of cyanobacterium in the family Nostocaceae. It is notable for its symbiosis with a midge larva, Cricotopus nostocicola.