OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1658 in philosophy

1658 in philosophy

## Publications

* Pierre Gassendi - Syntagma philosophicum (published posthumously)

## Deaths

* April 7 - Juan Eusebio Nieremberg (born 1595)
* December 6 - Baltasar Gracián (born 1601)
* Kim Yuk (born 1570)
* This article related to a particular year is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This philosophy-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# 111 Piccadilly

111 Piccadilly, formerly Rodwell Tower, is a high-rise office building in Manchester city centre, England. It opened in 1965 and is now owned by Bruntwood. The tower is 64 m (210 ft) tall, which makes it the joint 74th-tallest building in Greater Manchester as of 2023.
The building is located at the corner of Ducie Street (near Station Approach which leads to Manchester's main railway station, Manchester Piccadilly). It is the last building in Piccadilly which continues here as London Road.

## History

The architects of the tower were Douglas Stephen & Partners who had to solve the constructional problem of building a high building over the Rochdale Canal. Its external appearance is enhanced by the eight enormous columns which carry the building above the canal; however the rendered finish did not look so good after a few years of rain.

### Refurbishment

In 2020, the developer Bruntwood completed a refurbishment programme on 111 Piccadilly, including a 200 ft (61 m) high photovoltaic lighting installation on three sides of the building. Other technology in the building includes sensors monitoring air quality, space utilisation and energy usage.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 "111 Piccadilly". Skyscraper Center. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
* ↑ Atkins, Philip (1976) Guide across Manchester. Manchester: Civic Trust for the North West; pp. 8-9
* ↑ Sharp, Dennis, ed. (1969) Manchester. (City Buildings Series.) London: Studio Vista; pp. 46-47
* ↑ "111 Piccadilly refurb completes". Place North West. 8 December 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
* ↑ "Bruntwood targets 'smartest' workspace with 111 refurb". Place North West. 19 July 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
# Ceres, West Virginia

Ceres is an unincorporated community in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States. Ceres is located on West Virginia Route 123, 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south-southwest of Princeton.
# 1973 Swedish Open

The 1973 Swedish Open, also known as the Swedish International Tennis Championships, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts held in Båstad, Sweden. It was classified as a Group B category tournament and was part of the 1973 Grand Prix circuit. It was the 26th edition of the tournament and was held from 8 July through 15 July 1973. First-seeded Stan Smith won the singles title and earned $8,400 first-prize money. It was the third tournament he won in Sweden within an eight month period, after the Stockholm Open on hard court in November 1972 and the Swedish Pro on carpet court in April 1973.

## Finals
### Singles

Stan Smith defeated Manuel Orantes 6–4, 6–2, 7–6
* It was Smith' 8th singles title of the year and the 53rd of his career.

### Doubles

Nikola Pilić / Stan Smith defeated Bob Carmichael / Frew McMillan 2–6, 6–4, 6–4
# 1502 in poetry

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

## Events

* Stephen Hawes appointed to Valet de chambre under Henry VII of England
* Poet Laureate John Skelton imprisoned

## Works published
### Italy

* Pietro Bembo, Terzerime, published by Aldus Manutius
* Baptista Mantuanus, Sylvae, eight volumes, Bologna; Italian, Latin-language poet
* Jacopo Sannazaro, Arcadia, a pirated edition (the author officially sanctioned publication in 1504); a manuscript of the original work is dated 1489, with two eclogues and connecting prose added later, seemingly reflecting the author's distress at political developments of about 1500; Italy

### Other

* Conradus Celtis, Amores, folk poem, German poet writing in Latin

## Births

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
* Guillaume Bigot (died 1550), French writer, doctor, humanist and poet in French and Latin
* Benedetto Varchi, some sources say he may have been born this year or 1503, others say his birth year is 1503 (died 1565), Italian, Latin-language poet

## Deaths

Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
* February – Olivier de la Marche (born 1426), French poet and chronicler
* Also:
** Elisio Calenzio (born 1430), Italian, Latin-language poet
** Jalaladdin Davani (born 1426), Iranian philosopher, theologian, jurist and poet
** Gian Giacomo della Croce, died after this year (born c. 1450), Italian, Latin-language poet
** Gwerful Mechain, died about this year (born c. 1460?), female Welsh erotic poet
** Bonino Mombrizio, died 1482 or this year (born 1424), Italian, Latin-language poet
** Octavien de Saint-Gelais (born 1468), French churchman, poet and translator
** Domnall mac Brian Ó hÚigínn (born unknown), Irish poet
** Sōgi 宗祇 (born 1421), Japanese Zen monk who studied waka and renga poetry, then became a professional renga poet in his 30s
# 2017 Erste Bank Open

The 2017 Erste Bank Open 500 was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 43rd edition of the event, and part of the ATP World Tour 500 Series of the 2017 ATP World Tour. It was held at the Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna, Austria, from 23 October until 29 October 2017. Unseeded Lucas Pouille won the singles title.

## Points and prize money
### Point distribution

| Event | W | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 | Q | Q2 | Q1 |
| Singles | 500 | 300 | 180 | 90 | 45 | 0 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
| Doubles | 500 | 300 | 180 | 90 | 0 | — | — | — | — |

### Prize money

| Event | W | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 | Q2 | Q1 |
| Singles | €438,505 | €214,980 | €108,175 | €55,010 | €28,570 | €15,070 | €3,335 | €1,700 |
| Doubles | €132,030 | €64,640 | €32,420 | €16,640 | €8,600 | — | — | — |

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| GER | Alexander Zverev | 5 | 1 |
| AUT | Dominic Thiem | 6 | 2 |
| BUL | Grigor Dimitrov | 8 | 3 |
| ESP | Pablo Carreño Busta | 11 | 4 |
| USA | John Isner | 13 | 5 |
| USA | Sam Querrey | 14 | 6 |
| RSA | Kevin Anderson | 16 | 7 |
| FRA | Jo-Wilfried Tsonga | 17 | 8 |
* Rankings are as of October 16, 2017

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Ernests Gulbis
* Sebastian Ofner
The following player received entry as a special exempt:
* Ričardas Berankis
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Guillermo García López
* Pierre-Hugues Herbert
* Dennis Novak
* Guido Pella
The following players entered as a lucky loser:
* Thomas Fabbiano

### Withdrawals

* Tomáš Berdych →replaced by Kyle Edmund
* Grigor Dimitrov →replaced by Thomas Fabbiano
* Ivo Karlović →replaced by Damir Džumhur
* Gaël Monfils →replaced by Andrey Rublev
* Milos Raonic →replaced by Philipp Kohlschreiber

## Doubles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| POL | Łukasz Kubot | BRA | Marcelo Melo | 7 | 1 |
| USA | Bob Bryan | USA | Mike Bryan | 14 | 2 |
| GBR | Jamie Murray | BRA | Bruno Soares | 19 | 3 |
| NED | Jean-Julien Rojer | ROU | Horia Tecău | 23 | 4 |
* Rankings are as of October 16, 2017

### Other entrants

The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:
* Philipp Kohlschreiber / Max Mirnyi
* Philipp Oswald / Alexander Peya
The following pair received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Pablo Carreño Busta / David Marrero

### Withdrawals
#### During the tournament

* Oliver Marach

## Finals
### Singles

* Lucas Pouille defeated Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, 6–1, 6–4.

### Doubles

* Rohan Bopanna / Pablo Cuevas defeated Marcelo Demoliner / Sam Querrey, 7–6$^{(9–7)}$, 6–7$^{(4–7)}$, [11–9]
# Dermatobranchus fasciatus

Dermatobranchus fasciatus is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Arminidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Indo-Pacific region.
# Tanneberger

Tanneberger may refer to:
* André Tanneberger (born 1973), birth name of "ATB", German DJ, musician, and producer
* Marcus Tanneberger (born 1987), German violinist
* Stephan Tanneberger (1935–2018), German oncologist and chemist
# Counterflow

Counterflow may refer to:
* Countercurrent exchange, where two flowing bodies flowing in opposite directions to each other exchange, for example, heat
* Counterflow lane a lane in which traffic flows in the opposite direction
* Counterflow Centrifugation Elutriation (CCE) a cell separating technique
* Counterflow in Cooling tower
** and Cooling tower's contact fill, of towers that wind streams vertically upward
* Counterflow steam engine, such as Uniflow steam engine
* Counterflow heat exchanger in Cryocooler or Recuperator
* Counterflow in quantum turbulence
* Counterflow Recordings, founded by Induce (musician)
* Counterflow (EP), by Victoria Modesta (2016)
# The Belle Stars (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The Belle Stars is the only studio album by the all-female band of the same name released in 1983 (see 1983 in music). The band's eponymous debut album reached number 15 on the UK Albums Chart. The Belle Stars had some success with their single "Iko Iko", a cover of The Dixie Cups' 1965 hit. It charted at number 35 in June 1982 on the UK Singles Chart. Seven years later the song became a hit on the Billboard Hot 100 chart after it was featured in the movie Rain Man, where it peaked at number 14.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by The Belle Stars unless noted

## Personnel
### The Belle Stars

* Jennie McKeown – lead vocals
* Sarah-Jane Owen – lead guitar, wah–wah guitar, vocals
* Stella Barker – rhythm guitar, acoustic guitar, vocals
* Clare Hirst – tenor saxophone, keyboards, vocals
* Miranda Joyce – alto saxophone, vocals
* Lesley Shone – bass, vocals
* Judy Parsons – drums, percussion, vocals

### Additional musicians

* Martin Ditcham, Graham Broad – percussion

### Technical

* Peter Collins – producer on tracks 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 11
* Phil Chapman, Pete Hammond, Julian Mendelsohn, Phil Harding – engineers on tracks 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 11
* Brian Tench – producer and engineer on tracks 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12
* Pete Wingfield – producer on track 6
* Alvin Clark – engineer on track 6
# Cyperus thunbergii

Cyperus thunbergii is a species of sedge that is native to the Cape Provinces of South Africa.
The species was first formally described by the botanist Martin Vahl in 1805.
# Cloudster

The term Cloudster can refer to a number of different aircraft types:
* Douglas Cloudster
* Douglas Cloudster II
* Pop's Props Cloudster
* Rearwin Cloudster
* Ryson ST-100 Cloudster
* Simplex Aeroplanes Cloudster
# Desert Star Weekly

The Desert Star Weekly (formerly the Desert Valley Star) is a community newspaper covering local news, government, arts and entertainment in the Palm Springs area of California. It is published weekly on Thursday in Desert Hot Springs, California.

## History

In 2008, the Desert Valley Star was started as an online newsroom. Later that year it became a newsprint tabloid which soon merged with the American Free Journal, a newsprint tabloid that had been published since 1989.
The business was located in Yucca Valley and the product circulated in the High Desert of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, but in 2009 the business relocated to Desert Hot Springs. Until 2010 it was published as two products; later that year the American Free Journal brand was dropped in order to focus on one exclusive product and the name became the Desert Star Weekly.
In April 2013, the business was sold to CommunityMedia of Orange County.

## Circulation

The paper circulates in the cities and communities of Desert Hot Springs, Palm Springs, Cathedral City, Rancho Mirage, Thousand Palms, Palm Desert, Indian Wells, La Quinta, Indio, Coachella and Sky Valley, Morongo Valley, Yucca Valley, Joshua Tree, Twentynine Palms, Landers and Lucerne Valley.
# Desert Sting

Desert Sting, formerly known as p2, is a smart micro munition guided by Global Positioning System and laser-guided missile. It is manufactured by Halcon Systems a subsidiary of EDGE Group.

## Variants

* Desert Sting (DS-5)
* Desert Sting (DS-8)
* Desert Sting (DS-16)
* Desert Sting (DS-25)

## Users

* United Arab Emirates - In 2019, Halcon signed a US$1 billion (AED3.6 billion) contract to supply Desert Sting-16 (DS-16) to United Arab Emirates armed forces. Also in 2021 Halon signed with UAE to deliver Desert Sting to the armed forces worth of $880 million (AED3.2 billion).
# China National Highway 671

China National Highway 671, also known as the Heshui-Huachi Highway, is a highway under construction in China. The highway connects Heshui County and Huachi County in Gansu. Construction on the highway began on 13 May 2022.
# China National Highway 568

China National Highway 568 runs from Lanzhou to Luqu via Linxia and Xiahe. It is one of the new trunk highways proposed in the China National Highway Network Planning (2013 - 2030).

## Route

* City
* Lanzhou
* Yongjing County
* Linxia City
* Linxia County
* Xiahe County
# 1521 in Ireland

Events from the year 1521 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Lord: Henry VIII

## Events

* George Cromer (died 1543) was appointed (Church of Ireland) Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland under Henry VIII.

## Deaths

* 29 November – William Rokeby, a leading statesman and cleric in the early sixteenth-century, who held the offices of Bishop of Meath, Archbishop of Dublin and Lord Chancellor of Ireland.
# Neurotrophic factor receptor

Neurotrophic factor receptors or neurotrophin receptors are a group of growth factor receptors which specifically bind to neurotrophins (neurotrophic factors).
Two classes of neurotrophic factor receptors are the p75 and the "Trk" families of Tyrosine kinases receptors.
* p75 is a low affinity neurotrophin receptor, to which all neurotrophins bind. It is a member of the tumour necrosis super family. In some contexts, the phrase "x" only applies to this receptor.
* The Trk family include TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, and will only bind with specific neurotrophins, but with a much higher affinity. The Trks mediate the functional signals of the neurotrophins.
* NGF binds to TrkA, BDNF and NT-4 bind to TrkB and NT-3 binds to TrkC. In addition NT-3 also binds to and activates TrkA and TrkB but it does so less efficiently.
* Whilst the Trk receptors have a clearly defined trophic role, p75 receptors activate signalling pathways which can also result in apoptosis.

## TrkA, B, and C receptors

TrkA mediates its actions by causing the addition of phosphate molecules on certain tyrosines in the cell, activating cellular signaling.
There are other related Trk receptors (TrkB and TrkC), and there are other neurotrophic factors structurally related to NGF (BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4)
* TrkA mediates the effects of NGF
* TrkB binds and is activated by BDNF, NT-4, and NT-3
* TrkC binds and is activated only by NT-3

## p75NTR receptor

The Low affinity nerve growth factor receptor commonly known as "p75", can signal for apoptosis or promote neuronal survival. Neurotrophins that interact with p75NTR include NGF, NT-3, BDNF, and NT-4/5. Neurotrophins activating p75NTR may initiate apoptosis (for example, via c-Jun N-terminal kinases signaling), and this effect can be counteracted by anti-apoptotic signaling by TrkA. Neurotrophin binding to p75NTR can promote neuronal survival (for example, via NF-kB activation).
Although NGF has been classically described as promoting neuron survival and differentiation, research performed in the early 2000s suggest that NGF with its prodomain attached (proNGF) can elicit apoptosis of cells that are positive for the LNGFR and negative for TrkA.
Secreted proNGF has been demonstrated in a variety of neuronal and non-neuronal cell populations. It has been proposed that secreted proNGF can elicit neuron death in a variety of neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, following the observation of an increase of proNGF in the nucleus basalis of postmortem Alzheimer's brains.
# Derek Lee (politician)

Derek Vincent Lee (born October 2, 1948) is a former Canadian politician. From 1988 to 2011, he was the Liberal member of Parliament for the riding of Scarborough—Rouge River.

## Background

Lee was born in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. His father was an RCMP officer. He attended Neil McNeil High School and graduated in 1966. Before entering politics, he was a political assistant to member of Parliament (MP) Paul Cosgrove in 1982 and also Ontario Housing Minister Alvin Curling in 1985.
He is married to Ingrid Lee and has two children.

## Politics

In 1984, he lost a nomination bid for Liberal candidacy in the old riding of York—Scarborough. In 1988, he was first elected to the House of Commons in Scarborough—Rouge River and was re-elected in every election until he retired in 2011. In the run-up to the 1993 Federal election, he was in danger of losing a nomination battle to challenger Gobinder Randhawa. However, Liberal leader Jean Chrétien intervened and designated Lee as the candidate. From 1999 to 2001 he was the parliamentary secretary to the leader of the government in the House of Commons.
During his tenure as MP, he supported judicial reform. In 1993, he tabled a private member's bill that would have given rape victims the right to have blood samples taken from an offender.
On March 24, 2011, Lee announced he was retiring from politics. He said it was "time to press the refresh button" for the riding that he has represented for 23 years.

## Books

Lee has written two books which discuss the regulations of the House of Commons:
* Matters related to the review of the Office of the Privacy Commissioner: report of the Standing Committee on Government Operations and Estimates. (2003).
* Improving the Supreme Court of Canada appointments process: report of the Standing Committee on Justice, Human Rights, Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness. (2004).

## Beliefs

While Lee was a member of the Liberal party, he espoused social conservative viewpoints. Contrary to Liberal party policy, he expressed anti-abortion views, and also supported the death penalty. He said, "I believe the death penalty should always be available to reflect the degree of society's disgust at certain capital crimes." He also opposed same sex marriage.
Lee also received criticism for his support of the controversial Church of Scientology. Lee addressed Scientology seminars and appeared in a promotional video for the Church of Scientology. Lee identifies as a Roman Catholic and is not a member of the Church of Scientology. He once considered becoming a priest but he is no longer drawn to the Roman Catholic religion. "I have done some cursory reading. I'm not personally drawn to [Catholicism], but I have to say that about many religious faiths."
# Nessorhamphus danae

Nessorhamphus danae, the blackbelly spoonbill eel or Dana duckbill eel, is an eel in the family Derichthyidae (longneck eels). It was described by Johannes Schmidt in 1931. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which is known from throughout the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, including Australia, Brazil, Benin, Bangladesh, Cameroon, Cambodia, China, Ghana, Pakistan, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, India, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Liberia, Malaysia, Kenya, Mauritania, Myanmar, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Senegal, Sierra Leone, the Philippines, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Togo, the Hawaiian Islands, USA; Yemen, and Vietnam. Males can reach a maximum total length of 30 centimetres (12 in).
Due to the widespread distribution of Nessorhamphus danae, as well as its deep-water nature and the subsequent perceived lack of threats, the IUCN redlist currently lists the species as Least Concern.
# Nessos of Chios

Nessos of Chios (Ancient Greek: Νεσσᾶς or Νέσσος ὁ Χῖος) was a pre-Socratic ancient Greek philosopher from the island of Chios.

## Biography

Little is known about the life and work of Nessos. The only thing that is known that was Democritus philosophy and the compatriot Metrodorus was his student. That is supported in commentaries of interpretations of Homeric and Hesiod works.
# 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone aldolase

In enzymology, a 17α-hydroxyprogesterone aldolase (EC 4.1.2.30) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    17α-hydroxyprogesterone $\rightleftharpoons$ androst-4-en-3,17-dione + acetaldehyde
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, and two products, androst-4-en-3,17-dione and acetaldehyde.
This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the aldehyde-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 17α-hydroxyprogesterone acetaldehyde-lyase (4-androstene-3,17-dione-forming). Other names in common use include C-17/C-20-lyase, and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone acetaldehyde-lyase. This enzyme participates in androgen and estrogen metabolism.
# 1675 in China

Events from the year 1675 in China.

## Incumbents

* Kangxi Emperor (14th year)

## Events

* The Revolt of the Three Feudatories continues
** Tuhai defeated Wang Fuchen in Pingliang, Gansu, and Wang Qiang fell.
* Chahar prince Abunai and his brother Lubuzung revolt against the Qing in 1675 along with 3,000 Chahar Mongol followers. On April 20, 1675, Qing forces defeat the Chahar and kill Abunai and all his followers. Their title was abolished, all Chahar Mongol royal males were executed even if they were born to Manchu Qing princesses, and all Chahar Mongol royal females were sold into slavery except the Manchu Qing princesses. The Chahar Mongols were then put under the direct control of the Qing Emperor unlike the other Inner Mongol leagues which maintained their autonomy.
* Kangxi's son Yunreng named Crown Prince
* Sino-Russian border conflicts

## Deaths

* Wei Zhouzuo (衛周祚, 1612–1675), courtesy name Wenxi (simplified Chinese: 文锡; traditional Chinese: 文錫; pinyin: Wénxī), art name Wenshi (simplified Chinese: 闻石; traditional Chinese: 聞石; pinyin: Wénshí), was an official who served in the late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty.
* Sun Qifeng (1583–1675; 孫奇逢; Sun Ch'i-feng in Wade Giles) a native of Rongcheng County in Zhili Province. He passed the imperial examination for xiucai
* Mishan (米思翰; 1633–1675), served as the Minister of Revenue from 1669 to 1675, Grandfather of Empress Xiaoxianchun, consort to the Qianlong Emperor
* Burni, (1650-1675) Prince of the Chahar Mongols and son of Abunai
# Children's Bureau

The Children's Bureau may refer to:
* The United States Children's Bureau, a U.S. federal agency created in 1912 to promote the health and well-being of children and mothers.
* The National Children's Bureau, a London-based charity exploring a range of issues involving children.
* The Children's Bureau (Taiwan), an agency under the Ministry of the Interior (Republic of China) for child welfare and protection.
# Chimento

Chimento is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adriano Chimento, Italian jeweller and businessman
* Enrique Chimento, Argentine footballer
* Marcelo Chimento (born 1964), Argentine actor
# Desulfobacter vibrioformis

Desulfobacter vibrioformis is a sulfate-reducing bacteria. It is mesophilic, gram-negative, vibrio-shaped, marine and acetate-oxidizing.