OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nicetius of Lyon

Saint Nicetius (Nicetus, Nicet or Nizier) (513 – 2 April 573) was Archbishop of Lyon, then Lugdunum, France, during the 6th century. He served from 552 or 553. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.

## Life

Nicetius was descended from an ancient noble Gaulish family in Burgundy, and, by the care of virtuous parents, received a learned and pious education. He was ordained as a priest by Agricola of Chalon-sur-Saône. Nicetius was the nephew of Sacerdos, bishop of Lyon, and his successor. He revived ecclesiastical chant in his diocese.
Nicetius received the title of patriarch from the pope. He took it upon himself to judge secular as well as ecclesiastical cases and therefore came into conflict with the local count. Nicetius attended a council at his own city of Lyon some time between 567 and 570.

## Veneration

His feast day is 2 April, the day on which he died. Miracles were attributed to him after his death. The church of Saint-Nizier in Lyon is dedicated to him. There is an early life of Nicetius which can be found in Vita Nicetii Episcopi Lugdunensis, ed. B. Krusch, Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptores Rerum Merovingicarum III pp. 518–524 and is translated online here Gregory of Tours - who refers to Nicetius as his uncle- also wrote a supplementary life to him in his Vita Patrum.
# Cycnoderus expeditus

Cycnoderus expeditus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chevrolat in 1859.
# Museum Franz Gertsch

Museum Franz Gertsch is an art museum in Burgdorf, Switzerland.

## The architecture

In close cooperation with Franz Gertsch, the Swiss architects Hansueli Jörg and Martin Sturm designed exhibition spaces that are aligned in their function with reference to the works on display.The museum building, completed in 2002, is divided into two exposed concrete cubes, which stand at right angles to one another and surround a museum garden. The total exhibition area of some 1000 metres$^2$. (10,000 sq ft) is divided into five clearly proportioned rooms. With the material selection reduced to the minimum, the rooms appear as pure white cubes and stand entirely in the service of the works displayed. Apart from the exhibition rooms, there is a 50-seat artcafé at the visitors' disposal, and a video lounge, where a documentary on Franz Gertsch is shown during the day.

## The collection

In 1998, the Burgdorf industrialist Willy Michel made a decision, together with Franz Gertsch, to create a museum to be maintained by them both. Willy Michel secured the financing for the entire project and established the willy michel foundation, which provides the basis for the museum's collection. This collection comprises the complete works of Franz Gertsch dating from the past 20 years. These specifically include the paintings Silvia I and Gräser I-IV (Grasses I-IV) as well as many woodcuts, among them several large-scale triptychs. In addition, the museum expands its collection through the loan of additional works from other museums or privately, as well as attempting to purchase further works.

## Temporary exhibitions

Besides the presentation of Franz Gertsch's works, the museum is a regular venue for temporary exhibitions of a wide spectrum of contemporary art. Contemporaries and comparable younger colleagues, also contrasting approaches to reality are the exhibition themes, with the crossover between painting and photography giving a further emphasis.
# Coplestone Bampfylde

Coplestone Bampfylde may refer to:
* Sir Coplestone Bampfylde, 2nd Baronet (c. 1633–1692), English MP for Tiverton and for Devon 1671–1679 and 1685–1689
* Sir Coplestone Bampfylde, 3rd Baronet (c. 1689–1787), his grandson, British MP for Exeter and Devon 1713–1727
* Coplestone Warre Bampfylde (1720–1791), British painter and landscaper
# Nicole Boury-Esnault

Nicole Boury-Esnault is a retired French researcher of sponges, formerly at Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University.

## Research

In 1995, Nicole Boury-Esnault and Jean Vacelet discovered a species of carnivorous sponges of the genus Asbestopluma, during an exploration of a shallow cave in the Mediterranean. Caves can recapitulate the environment of the deep sea-bed due to the darkness and lack of nutrient, permitting the study of deep-sea-like regions in shallow areas of water. Carnivorous sponges, lacking the normal filter feeding apparatus, had been previously discovered during deep-sea trawls and presumed to be damaged since they did not have a known feeding mechanism. The discovery of members of the family in shallow water meant that they could be experimentally tested, which is when Boury-Esnault and Vacelet observed feeding on small crustaceans. Later they also reported on a member of the genus which used both carnivory and methanotrophy to survive in deep-sea expeditions of the Barbados trench.
Boury-Esnault and Vacelet also found hexactinellid (glass) sponges, another deep-sea species, in these shallow cave waters, permitting detailed study for the first time. She led a collaboration with Oceana and the University of Victoria which found new glass sponges in the Mediterranean Sea, and in the Atlantic Ocean. In 1997 Boury-Esnault and Klaus Rutzler published a 'Thesaurus of Sponge Morphology' with the Smithsonian Institution. In 2012 Boury-Esnault was involved in a study capturing the number and diversity of sponges in seas all around the world.

## Publications
### Books

* NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Taxonomy of Porifera from the N.E. Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea (1986 : Marseille, France); Vacelet, Jean; Boury-Esnault, Nicole; SpringerLink (Online service) (29 June 2013), Taxonomy of Porifera : from the N.E. Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, Springer-Verlag (published 1987), ISBN 978-3-642-70892-3{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
# Beaches, Newfoundland and Labrador

The Beaches is a local service district and designated place in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is southwest of Baie Verte.

## Geography

Beaches is in Newfoundland within Subdivision E of Division No. 5.

## Demographics

As a designated place in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Beaches recorded a population of 54 living in 24 of its 28 total private dwellings, a change of 28.6% from its 2011 population of 42. With a land area of 1.89 km$^2$ (0.73 sq mi), it had a population density of 28.6/km$^2$ (74.0/sq mi) in 2016.

## Government

Beaches is a local service district (LSD) that is governed by a committee responsible for the provision of certain services to the community. The chair of the LSD committee is Douglas Osmond.

## Notable Person

* Donna Morrissey
# Cutting the Throat of God

Cutting the Throat of God is the seventh full-length studio album by New Zealand death metal band Ulcerate. It was released on 14 June 2024 through Debemur Morti Records.

## Critical reception

The album was released to critical acclaim. Writing for Metal Hammer magazine, Matt Mills described the album as "everything death metal should be in 2024", writing that "Ulcerate raise their own bar and set a new benchmark for death metal releases this year." Metal Injection's Max Heilman drew comparisons with post-metal bands like Isis, Dissection and Tool, praising in particular the versatility and dynamism of drummer Jamie Saint Merat's performance on drums and the stronger sense of dissonance and melody in Kelland's guitarwork compared to previous albums. Blabbermouth's Dom Lawson similarly praised the band's performance, concluding that "do not make music that conforms to anyone else's idea of how death metal should sound. In fact, it seems increasingly silly to describe the band in those terms. Cutting the Throat of God is a highly evolved, militantly creative and endlessly fascinating piece of work that merely confirms what sensible folk already know about this band. Ulcerate are astonishing." BrooklynVegan's Andrew Sacher described the album as "mind-bending, mesmerizing heavy music with a real transportive quality to it, and I think it'd be pretty difficult to listen to this album and not feel moved by it."

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Paul Kelland; all music is composed by Michael Hoggard, Paul Kelland and Jamie Saint Merat

## Personnel

* Jamie Saint Merat – drums, recording engineer, mixing, artwork, design, layout
* Paul Kelland – bass guitar, vocals, lyrics
* Michael Hoggard – guitar
* Magnus Lindberg – mastering

## Charts

Chart performance for Cutting the Throat of God :
| Chart (2024) | Peak position |
| UK Album Downloads (OCC) | 32 |
# Cuttings Wharf, California

Cuttings Wharf is an unincorporated community in Napa County, California. It lies at an elevation of 7 feet (2 m). Cuttings Wharf is located on the Napa River, 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest of Napa Junction.
In 1893 Francis Cutting developed a wharf at this location so that ships could pick up fruit grown in Napa at the Cutting Fruit Packing Company. In 1924, Napa County purchased the site as a public boat landing
A fishing resort adjacent to the wharf was built by Ernest Lundy. Mae Norman operated the resort from 1928 until 1961. Most of the buildings of the resort were razed, though Charles Moore moved some of them to his resort also located adjacent to the wharf property.
Some of the World War II effort-era plywood houses from Shipyard Acres were moved a few miles west to the Cuttings Wharf area, resurrected, and as of 2009 were still in place near the marina.
In the 1950s, twenty four surplus military buildings were floated from Richmond up the Napa River and installed near Moore's landing. In 1969, a picket at the Napa County courthouse led to county supervisors touring housing at Cuttings Wharf investigating reports of substandard housing. In the early 2000s, the buildings were found to be in violation of health and safety codes. The renters were evicted in early 2011. The buildings were eventually demolished.
Cuttings Wharf is the final resting place of the SS Cabrillo, a wooden steamship used to transport passengers between Los Angeles and the Channel Islands.
The boat launch facility at Cuttings Wharf was rebuilt in the late 1970s.
# Minkowski problem for polytopes

In the geometry of convex polytopes, the Minkowski problem for polytopes concerns the specification of the shape of a polytope by the directions and measures of its facets. The theorem that every polytope is uniquely determined up to translation by this information was proven by Hermann Minkowski; it has been called "Minkowski's theorem", although the same name has also been given to several unrelated results of Minkowski. The Minkowski problem for polytopes should also be distinguished from the Minkowski problem, on specifying convex shapes by their curvature.

## Specification and necessary conditions

For any $d$-dimensional polytope, one can specify its collection of facet directions and measures by a finite set of $d$-dimensional nonzero vectors, one per facet, pointing perpendicularly outward from the facet, with length equal to the $(d-1)$-dimensional measure of its facet. To be a valid specification of a bounded polytope, these vectors must span the full $d$-dimensional space, and no two can be parallel with the same sign. Additionally, their sum must be zero; this requirement corresponds to the observation that, when the polytope is projected perpendicularly onto any hyperplane, the projected measure of its top facets and its bottom facets must be equal, because the top facets project to the same set as the bottom facets.

## Minkowski's uniqueness theorem

It is a theorem of Hermann Minkowski that these necessary conditions are sufficient: every finite set of vectors that spans the whole space, has no two parallel with the same sign, and sums to zero describes the facet directions and measures of a polytope. More, the shape of this polytope is uniquely determined by this information: every two polytopes that give rise to the same set of vectors are translations of each other.

## Blaschke sums

The sets of vectors representing two polytopes can be added by taking the union of the two sets and, when the two sets contain parallel vectors with the same sign, replacing them by their sum. The resulting operation on polytope shapes is called the Blaschke sum. It can be used to decompose arbitrary polytopes into simplices, and centrally symmetric polytopes into parallelotopes.

## Generalizations

With certain additional information (including separating the facet direction and size into a unit vector and a real number, which may be negative, providing an additional bit of information per facet) it is possible to generalize these existence and uniqueness results to certain classes of non-convex polyhedra.
It is also possible to specify three-dimensional polyhedra uniquely by the direction and perimeter of their facets. Minkowski's theorem and the uniqueness of this specification by direction and perimeter have a common generalization: whenever two three-dimensional convex polyhedra have the property that their facets have the same directions and no facet of one polyhedron can be translated into a proper subset of the facet with the same direction of the other polyhedron, the two polyhedra must be translates of each other. However, this version of the theorem does not generalize to higher dimensions.
# Minnesota Freeze

The Minnesota Freeze is a United States Australian Football League (USAFL) club, based in Minnesota, United States. It was founded in 2005.
The club has both men's and women's teams. It has won the USAFL National Championships Division 2 men's competition in 2007, 2012 and 2018.
The club hosted a major regional USAFL tournament, the Central Regional Championship in 2022.
# Battle of Arakan

Battle of Arakan may refer to:
* Arakan Campaign 1825, a British offensive in the First Anglo-Burmese War
* Arakan Campaign 1942–43, or the First Arakan Offensive, a Second World War Allied campaign to retake Arakan
* Arakan Campaign 1943–1944, or the Second Arakan Offensive, a second Allied attempt to retake Arakan
* Arakan Campaign 1944–1945, or the Third Arakan Offensive, a third Allied attempt to retake Arakan
# Minoritaire

Minoritaire was a 1982 album by Jean-Jacques Goldman, his second solo album sung in French. It was certified platinum in France in 1983, another in 1991 and another in 2001, for a total sales of 900,000 copies.
It was recorded at the Studio Gang by Olivier do Espirito Santo and Jean-Pierre Janiaud. It was released by NEF and produced by Marc Lumbroso.

## Track listing

* "Au bout de mes rêves"
* "Comme toi"
* "Toutes mes chaines"
* "Jeanine Medicament Blues"
* "Veiller tard"
* "Quand la musique est bonne"
* "Je ne vous parlerai pas d'elle"
* "Être le premier"
* "Si tu m'emmènes"
* "Minoritaire"
* "Quand la bouteille est vide"

## Personnel

* Guy Delacroix - bass
* Christophe Deschamps, Marc Chantereau - percussion
* Albane Alcalay, Guy Alcalay, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Jean-Pierre Janiaud - vocals
* Jean-Yves d'Angelo, Jean-Jacques Goldman - keyboards
* Claude Engel, Jean-Jacques Goldman - acoustic guitar
* Claude Engel, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Nono Krief (Jeanine Medicament Blues, Minoritaire), Patrice Tison - electric guitar
* "Jumpin" Ramon Roche - piano (Minoritaire)
* Patrick Bourgoin, Philippe Delacroix-Herpin - saxophone
* Georges Rodi - synthesizer
* Patrick Mondon - violin (Comme toi)
# Cycnoderus intincta

Cycnoderus intincta is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1866.
# Cycnoderus lividus

Cycnoderus lividus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Giesbert and Chemsak in 1993.
# Cynthia Ashperger

Cintija Ašperger (born May 4, 1963), credited as Cynthia Ashperger in English-language roles, is a Croatian-Canadian film, television and stage actress.

## Early years

Born in Zagreb in 1963, she worked as an actor in Yugoslavia, including in the film S.P.U.K., before meeting Canadian director Allan Eastman when she was cast in the 1987 television film Race for the Bomb. She subsequently married Eastman, and spent the next number of years working in both Canada and Yugoslavia until the outbreak of the Yugoslav Wars in 1991. She moved permanently to Canada in 1995, taking a job as a drama teacher at Ryerson University in Toronto, Ontario.

## Career

On stage, her roles have included Out of Spite, a one-woman show based on the writing of Elma Softic; Richard Sanger's Not Spain; and Jordan Tannahill's Feral Child. She has also had television roles in Degrassi and ZOS: Zone of Separation.

## Awards and honors

She received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress at the 4th Canadian Screen Awards in 2016 for The Waiting Room, and a Dora Mavor Moore Award nomination for Best Performance by an Actress, Independent Theatre Division, for Feral Child.
# Cyperus eremicus

Cyperus eremicus is a species of sedge that is native to parts of the Middle East.
# Mini-Hams no Kekkon Song

"Minihams no Kekkon Song" (ミニハムずの結婚ソング) is the seventh single of the subgroup Minimoni, their second under the alias Minihams, and their last single with Mari Yaguchi. It was released on December 4, 2002, and sold 60,001 copies, reaching number ten on the Oricon Charts.

## Track listing

All songs written and composed by Tsunku.
* "Minihams no Kekkon Song" (ミニハムずの結婚ソング)
* "Miniham Kisha" (ミニハム汽車)
* "Minihams no Kekkon Song (Original Karaoke)" (ミニハムずの結婚ソング（オリジナル・カラオケ）)

## Members at the time of single

* Mari Yaguchi (矢口真里) (Last single with Mini Moni)
* Mika Todd (ミカ)
* Nozomi Tsuji (辻希美)
* Ai Kago (加護亜依)
# Minuscule 187

Minuscule 187 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 222 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has marginalia.

## Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four Gospels on 212 thick parchment leaves (size 20.1 cm by 16 cm). The text is written in one column per page, in 25 lines per page, the capital letters in gold.
The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 237 Sections), (no references to the Eusebian Canons).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum, the Eusebian Canon tables, the tables of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before each Gospel, all in gold, and pictures. A peculiar kind of asterisk occurs very frequently in the text and margin.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Aland placed it in Category V. According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual family K$^x$ in Luke 1, Luke 10, and Luke 20. It creates textual cluster 187.
Minuscule 218 is close.

## History

The manuscripts was examined and described by Bandini, Birch, Scholz, and Burgon. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
It is currently housed at the Laurentian Library (Plutei. VI. 23), at Florence.
# Cyperus hamulosus

Cyperus hamulosus is a sedge of the family Cyperaceae. It is native from Bulgaria east to Mongolia, and from Morocco in north Africa down to Namibia in the south. It has also been introduced to western parts of Australia.

## Description

The annual herb-like sedge typically grows to a height of 4 to 5 centimetres (1.6 to 2.0 in) and has a curry-like smell. In Australia it blooms between April and May producing green flowers. It has smooth culms with a triangular cross-section that reach a height of 1 to 5 cm (0.39 to 1.97 in) and have a diameter of about 0.5 mm (0.020 in). The leaves can be as longs as the culms but are often shorter and have a width of about 1 mm (0.039 in). The head-like inflorescences can have two to three branches that are up to 1 cm (0.39 in) in length with cylindrical to spherical shaped spikes that have a diameter of about 0.6 cm (0.24 in).

## Taxonomy

It was described by the botanist Friedrich August Marschall von Bieberstein in 1808 as a part of the work Flora Taurico Caucasica. There are eight synonyms including; Cyperus aristatus subsp. hamulosus, Dichostylis hamulosa, Isolepis hamulosa, Mariscus hamulosus and Scirpus hamulosus.

## Distribution

It is found in temperate climatic areas from Eastern Europe to parts of central Asia. It is also found in tropical parts of West Africa. It has become naturalised is Western Australia and is found around the edges of lakes in the Mid West, Gascoyne and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia where it grows in gravelly sandy-clay soils. It is also found in the Northern Territory.
# Cypraeovula

Cypraeovula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Pustulariinae of the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

## Species

Species and subspecies within the genus Cypraeovula include according to the World Register of Marine Species:
* Cypraeovula alfredensis (Schilder & Schilder 1929)
** Cypraeovula alfredensis transkeiana Lorenz, 2002
* Cypraeovula algoensis (Gray, 1825)
* Cypraeovula amphithales (Melvill, 1888)
* Cypraeovula capensis (Gray, 1828)
* Cypraeovula castanea (Higgins, 1868)
** Cypraeovula castanea latebrosa Swarts & Liltved, 2000
** Cypraeovula castanea malani Lorenz & Bruno de Bruin, 2009
* Cypraeovula colligata Lorenz, 2002
* Cypraeovula connelli (Liltved, 1983)
** Cypraeovula connelli peelae Lorenz, 2002
* Cypraeovula coronata (Schilder, 1930)
** Cypraeovula coronata debruini Lorenz, 2002
* Cypraeovula cruickshanki (Kilburn, 1972)
* Cypraeovula edentula (Gray, 1825)
* Cypraeovula fuscodentata (Gray, 1825)
** Cypraeovula fuscodentata grohorum Lorenz, 2002
** Cypraeovula fuscodentata sphaerica Lorenz, 2002
* Cypraeovula fuscorubra Shaw, 1909
* Cypraeovula immelmani Liltved, 2002
* Cypraeovula iutsui Shikama, 1974
* Cypraeovula kesslerorum Lorenz, 2006
* † Cypraeovula mauvei Aiken, 2016
* Cypraeovula mikeharti Lorenz, 1985
* Cypraeovula volvens Fazzini & Bergonzoni, 2004

### Taxon inquirendum

* Cypraeovula cohenae (Burgess, 1965)
# Cymatophora

Cymatophora is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1812. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species, the giant gray moth (Cymatophora approximaria). It is found mostly in the south-eastern United States. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Cymatophora approximaria is 6745.
# Joseph Gorrick

Joseph Albert Gorrick (6 July 1843 – 22 April 1921) was an Australian politician.
He was born at Wilberforce to farmer Jacob Gorrick and Elizabeth Maskie. Educated at Maitland, he became a solicitor's clerk and was admitted as a solicitor in 1868. Also in 1868 he married Cecilia Catherine Hillcoat, with whom he had seven children. He practised at Maitland from 1868, eventually setting up his own practice in 1871. In 1882 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Wollombi, but he was defeated in 1885. Gorrick died at Neutral Bay in 1921.
# Cyrillia zamponorum

Cyrillia zamponorum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Guinea off Sao Tome and Principe.
# Cyrillia obesa

Cyrillia obesa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Norway.
# Cycling at the 2019 European Games – Women's scratch

The women's scratch at the 2019 European Games was held at the Minsk Velodrome on 28 June 2019.

## Results

First rider across the line without a net lap loss wins.
| Rank | Name | Nation |
| | Kirsten Wild | Netherlands |
| | Martina Fidanza | Italy |
| | Hanna Tserakh | Belarus |
| 4 | Justyna Kaczkowska | Poland |
| 5 | Anita Stenberg | Norway |
| 6 | Ana Usabiaga | Spain |
| 7 | Aline Seitz | Switzerland |
| 8 | Olivija Baleišytė | Lithuania |
| 9 | Maria Martins | Portugal |
| 10 | Alžbeta Bačíková | Slovakia |
| 11 | Orla Walsh | Ireland |
| 12 | Tetyana Klimchenko | Ukraine |
| 13 | Jennifer Holl | Great Britain |
| 14 | Diana Klimova | Russia |
| 15 | Petra Ševčíková | Czech Republic |
| 16 | Gilke Croket | Belgium |