OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dhruv Raina

Dhruv Raina is a philosopher and historian of science from India. He is best known for his work on the domestication of science in colonial India, transnational intellectual networks of science and historiographies of science. He was Professor of History of Science Education at the Zakir Husain Centre for Educational Studies (ZHCES), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi (2003-2023). Before joining JNU, he was a scientist at the National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies (NISTADS), New Delhi from 1991 to 2002. He was the first Heinrich Zimmer Chair for Indian Philosophy and Intellectual History, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Germany (2010–11). His basic training is in physics (MSc Physics, IIT Bombay), and he completed his doctoral studies with Aant Elzinga in the philosophy of science from the University of Gothenburg, Sweden on the Jesuit enlightenment historiography of Indian astronomy and mathematics.
His intellectual association with S. Irfan Habib led to the publication of a series of research articles (collected lately as a volume titled, Domesticating Modern Science, 2004) on the cultural redefinition of modern science in colonial India. They edited a volume on Joseph Needham (Situating the History of Science, 1999) and also the section on Science in Twentieth South and South-East Asia for volume 7 of UNESCO's History of Mankind Project.
He is currently on the Council of the Division for Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (2020-2023).

## Books

* Dhruv Raina and S. Irfan Habib (eds.). 1999. Situating the History of Science: Dialogues with Joseph Needham. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
* Dhruv Raina. 2003. Images and Contexts: The Historiography of Science and Modernity in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
* Dhruv Raina and S. Irfan Habib. 2004. Domesticating Modern Science: A Social History of Science and Culture in Colonial India. New Delhi: Tulika Books.
* S. Irfan Habib and Dhruv. Raina. (eds.). 2007. Social History of Science in Colonial India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
* Feza Günnergun and Dhruv Raina (eds.). 2011. Science between Europe and Asia: Historical Studies on the Transmission, Adoption and Adaptation of Knowledge, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. Dordrecht: Springer.
* Dhruv Raina 2015. Needham's Indian Network: The Search for a Home for the History of Science in India (1950-1970). New Delhi: Yoda Press.
* Hans Harder and Dhruv Raina (Eds.). 2022. Disciplines and Movements: Conversations between India and the German-speaking World. Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan.
# 17th Central Committee

17th Central Committee may refer to:
* Central Committee of the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), 1934–1939
* 17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, 2007–2012
# 1841 in Bolivia

"none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events in the year 1841 in Bolivia.

## Incumbents

* President:
** José Miguel de Velasco (until 10 June)
** Sebastián Ágreda (provisional: 10 June 1841 – 9 July)
** Mariano Enrique Calvo (acting: 9 July – 22 September)
** Vacant (22–27 September)
** José Ballivián (starting 27 September)

## Ongoing events

* Peruvian-Bolivian War (1841–1842)

## Events
### June

* 10 June – President José Miguel de Velasco is ousted in a coup d'état by Sebastián Ágreda.

### July

* 9 July – Ágreda delegates command to Mariano Enrique Calvo, pending the return of Andrés de Santa Cruz.

### September

* 22 September – Calvo is ousted in a coup d'état by José Ballivián. 18 November: Battle of Ingavi
* 27 September – José Ballivián is sworn-in to the presidency after five days of uncertainty.

### October

* 1 October – Peruvian-Bolivian War: Peruvian President Agustín Gamarra begin the march to Bolivia.
* 2 October – Peruvian-Bolivian War: The Peruvian Army crosses the border onto Bolivian soil.
* 15 October – Peruvian-Bolivian War: Peruvian forces occupy La Paz without a fight.
* 29 October – Peruvian-Bolivian War – Battle of Mecapaca: Bolivian forces under Basilio Herrera attack those of Peru under Miguel de San Román but are repelled.

### November

* 18 November – Peruvian-Bolivian War – Battle of Ingavi: The three competing Bolivian governments unite under Ballivián to defeat Gamarra.

## Deaths

* 18 November – Agustín Gamarra, President of Peru (b. 1785)
# 1841 in Canada

Events from the year 1841 in Canada.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Victoria

### Federal government

* Parliament: 1st (starting June 15)

### Governors

* Governor General of the Province of Canada: Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham (until 16 September); vacant then
* Governor of New Brunswick: William MacBean George Colebrooke
* Governor of Nova Scotia: Lucius Cary, 10th Viscount Falkland
* Civil Governor of Newfoundland: John Harvey
* Governor of Prince Edward Island: Henry Vere Huntley
* Governor of Canada West: John Clitherow then Richard Downes Jackson
* Governor of Upper Canada: Charles Poulett Thomson

### Premiers

* Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada —
** William Henry Draper, Canada West Premier
** Samuel Harrison, Canada East Premier

## Events

* February 10 – The Union of Upper and Lower Canada establishes the Province of Canada.
* June 15 – The 1st Parliament of the Province of Canada meets at Kingston.
* October 2 – The Canada Gazette publishes its first issue.
* December 20 – The Kingston Common Council establishes a police force.
* The Dawn Settlement, in what is now Dresden, Ontario, is established to provide self-help for Blacks in agricultural communities.

## Births

* January 15 – Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby, Governor General of Canada (died 1908)
* March 9 – Robert Atkinson Davis, businessman, politician and 4th Premier of Manitoba (died 1903)
* April 15 – Joseph E. Seagram, distillery founder, politician, philanthropist and racehorse owner (died 1919)
* April 21 – Jennie Kidd Trout, physician, first woman in Canada legally to become a medical doctor and only woman in Canada licensed to practice medicine until 1880 (died 1921)
* May 8 – John Norquay, politician and 5th Premier of Manitoba (died 1889)
* August 3 – Juliana Horatio Ewing, poet and writer of children's novels set in Canada.(died 1885)
* August 10
** James David Edgar, politician (died 1899)
** Oronhyatekha, Mohawk physician, CEO of an international benefit society, native statesman, scholar, rights campaigner and international shooter (died 1907)
* September 13 – George Airey Kirkpatrick, politician (died 1899)
* September 18 – George William Ross, educator, politician and 5th Premier of Ontario (died 1914)
* November 20 – Wilfrid Laurier, politician and 7th Prime Minister of Canada (died 1919)
* December 23 – John Brown, politician, miller, mining consultant and prospector (died 1905)
# Chinoz District

Chinoz is a district of Tashkent Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the city Chinoz. It has an area of 340 km$^2$ (130 sq mi) and it had 136,100 inhabitants in 2021. The district consists of one city (Chinoz), 9 urban-type settlements (Olmazor, Yangi Chinoz, Gulzorobod, Doʻstlik, Paxta, A.Temur, Birlik, Chorvador, Kir) and 8 rural communities (Isloxat, Eshonobod, Turkiston, Oʻzbekiston, Chinoz, Eski Toshkent, Koʻtarma, Yollama).
# Dewar Cup

The Sir Thomas Dewar Cup, more commonly known as the Dewar Cup, was the trophy awarded to the winner of the National Challenge Cup/Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup competition. It is named after Sir Thomas Dewar as a tribute to his works promoting soccer in the U.S. in the early 1900s. Though the trophy is now on permanent display at the National Soccer Hall of Fame in Frisco, Texas, each winning club's name is still added to the base of the trophy each year.
# New York Qin Society

The New York Qin Society (Chinese: 紐約琴社; sometimes abbreviated as NYQS) is a guqin society based in New York, New York in America, serving guqin players on the East Coast of the United States. Of the three major qin societies in the West (the other two being the North American Guqin Association and the London Youlan Qin Society), this society is the most formally structured with a formal agreement of rules and a more learned society approach to selecting members.

## History

The society was founded in 2000 by Taiwan guqin player Yuan Jung-ping and other players.
The Society has regular activities, including music gatherings, workshops and concerts throughout the year.
The Society has both a website and a Facebook page.

## Membership

The Society especially welcomes qin players as members, but it is also open to anyone with an interest in qin music or the "Way of the Qin". Guests are welcome at meetings, which occur about once every two months, and can be nominated for membership by an existing member, usually after attending three meetings. As of 2021 there were 27 full-time members, including four officers, with an annual membership fee of $25.

### Officers

* Current President: Peiyou Chang
* Founding President: Yuan Jung-ping (an honorary position in homage to his contributions to the society)
# David Sharples

David Sharples AKC (born 17 March 1958) is a retired priest who served as Archdeacon of Rochdale and former Archdeacon of Salford.
He was educated at King's College London and ordained after a period of study at the College of the Resurrection, Mirfield in 1983. After a curacy at St Mary the Virgin, Prestwich he was Vicar of St Anne's, Royton from 1987 to 2002; and Director of Ordinands for the Anglican Diocese of Manchester from 2002.
He retired effective 31 March 2024.
A keen supporter of Manchester City, he is married with two sons.
# 1459 in Ireland

Events from the year 1459 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Lord: Henry VI

## Events

* Richard Duke of York, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, returns on a second visit to Ireland.
* Irish Parliament, meeting at Drogheda, upholds Richard Duke of York's authority against Henry VI and an English Act of Attainder.

## Births

* James FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Desmond

## Deaths

Edmund Oldhall, an English-born cleric and judge in fifteenth-century Ireland. He was Bishop of Meath and acting Lord Chancellor of Ireland. He was a brother of the leading Yorkist statesman Sir William Oldhall.
# Cücanlı

Cücanlı (also, Jujanly, Cügənli) is a village in the municipality of Isaly in the Gadabay District of Azerbaijan.
# Tashi Wangchuk (activist)

Tashi Wangchuk (Tibetan:.mw-parser-output .uchen{font-family:"Jomolhari","Uchen","Noto Serif Tibetan Medium","Noto Serif Tibetan","BabelStone Tibetan Slim","Yagpo Tibetan Uni","Noto Sans Tibetan","Microsoft Himalaya","Kailash","DDC Uchen","TCRC Youtso Unicode","Tibetan Machine Uni","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchen","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchung","Qomolangma-Uchen Suring","Qomolangma-Uchen Sutung","Qomolangma-Title","Qomolangma-Subtitle","DDC Rinzin","Qomolangma-Woodblock","Qomolangma-Dunhuang"}.mw-parser-output .ume{font-family:"Qomolangma-Betsu","Qomolangma-Chuyig","Qomolangma-Drutsa","Qomolangma-Edict","Qomolangma-Tsumachu","Qomolangma-Tsuring","Qomolangma-Tsutong","TibetanSambhotaYigchung","TibetanTsugRing","TibetanYigchung"}བཀྲ་ཤིས་དབང་ཕྱུག,Wylie:bkra shis dbang phyug) born in 1985 in Kyegudo, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture the former Tibetan province of Amdo the current province of Qinghai, is a Tibetan activist defending the teaching of the Tibetan language after he appeared in a New York Times video in 2015. He was sentenced on 22 May 2018 in the Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yushu to five years prison for "incitement to separatism". According to Amnesty International, "Tashi’s treatment exposes the ruthless lengths to which the Chinese authorities will go to silence those who ask the government to stop cultural assimilation."
Tashi Wangchuk has been brought home healthy from prison on 28 January 2021 his lawyer Liang Xiaojun told.
# Note (film)

Note also known as NOTA (English: Note) is a 2015 Malaysian Malay-language psychological thriller film written and directed by Yasu Tanaka. This was also his directorial debut in Malay film. The film was produced by his wife Bea Tanaka under the production company 42nd Pictures. The film stars Hans Isaac in the male lead role, Maya Karin in the female lead role, while Ramli Hassan and Rin Izumi play supportive roles. The music for the film is scored by Christopher Higgs and editing is handled by Yashiko Tanaka.
The film was released on 13 August 2013 and received mixed reviews from the audience but was declared as a box office failure. Despite this, the film is still rated as one of the greatest films to have made in Malaysian cinema and was also nominated as one of the best films at the 28th Malaysian Film Festival and eventually won the Best Screenplay Award during the film festival.

## Plot

The film depicts the story of a couple living in Kuala Lumpur; Erin (Maya Karin) and Kamal (Hans Isaac). They have plenty of marital problems and argue very often between themselves. They decide to go to Bako National Park to resolve their relationship, only for some unexpected consequences to aggravate the couple's situation.

## Cast

* Hans Isaac as Kamal
* Maya Karin as Erin
* Ramli Hassan as Jemat (boatman)
* Rin Izumi as Mayumi

## Production

Tanaka incurred about 1.8 million Malaysian Ringgit to create this film. The making of the film was filmed and shot in Sarawak in April 2013 and in Kuala Lumpur in May 2013. The production of the film ended up within 26 days but underwent delays due to other unknown reasons before its original release on 13 August 2015.

## Release

The film had its theatrical release in Malaysia and in United States on 13 August 2015. The film did not do well at the box office as expected due to its high initial cost and managed to collect only RM 80,000. The film was also released nearly 3 months after the untimely death of actor Ramli Hassan on 7 May 2015, who was part of the cast.
# Chen Pi-han

Chen Pi-han (Chinese: 陳碧涵) is a Taiwanese politician.

## Education and teaching career

Chen attended Wu-Ling Senior High School, then studied physical education at Chinese Culture University before completing a master's degree at the University of Tsukuba and a doctorate in education at the University of Southern California. She taught at the National Taiwan University of Physical Education and Sport and was dean of the National Taiwan College of Performing Arts. While at the NTCPA, she designed a program that became the Hakka Youth Cultural Troupe.

## Political career

Chen was placed on the Kuomintang party list and elected to the Legislative Yuan via proportional representation. In March 2012, Chen opined that the government should help younger people by calibrating the compatibility of university courses with job market demands. In August of that year, she and fellow legislator Apollo Chen organized a public hearing to discuss the development of visual arts. In 2013, Chen asked the Ministry of Economic Affairs to present analysis on the effects that joining the Trans-Pacific Partnership would have on agriculture in Taiwan, and commented favorably on the professionalism of David Lin in the aftermath of the Guang Da Xing No. 28 incident. In 2014, Chen signed off on a proposal to allow Taiwanese police officers the use of pepper spray. In 2015, Chen commented on the introduction of new educational curriculum, and expressed support for Ma Ying-jeou to report to the Legislative Yuan and discuss his meeting with Xi Jinping, additionally suggesting that Democratic Progressive Party lawmakers not boycott the proceedings.
# Eburiola

Eburiola geminata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus Eburiola.
# 2012 in New Zealand music

The following is a list of notable events that have happened in 2012 in music in New Zealand.

## Events
### July

On July 28, Colin Horsley died.

### September

* Herbs (band) and Toy Love were inducted into the New Zealand Music Hall of Fame.

### October

* The 2012 New Zealand Music Awards took place on October 3. The ceremony awarded 26 awards for various musical accomplishments.
Concord Dawn's Air Chrysalis won the 2012 New Zealand Music Award for Best Electronica Album

### December
## Albums and Singles
### December
## Deaths

* July 28 – Colin Horsley, pianist and educator, 92
# Taşpınar, Yeşilova

Taşpınar is a village in the Yeşilova District of Burdur Province in Turkey. Its population is 59 (2021).
# Taça Victorino Cunha

The Taça Victorino Cunha (in English: Victorinho Cunha Cup) is an annual basketball tournament contested by Angolan basketball teams. The tournament was established in 2009, in honour of former Angolan basketball coach Victorino Cunha.
As of 2014, the tournament became an international event, with the participation of US SAG University Men's Basketball team.

## Victorino Cunha Cup winners

| Season | Winner | Winning coach | Runners-up | Third place |
| 2009 | Primeiro de Agosto | Luís Magalhães | Recreativo do Libolo | Interclube |
| 2010 | Petro de Luanda | Alberto Babo | Recreativo do Libolo | Interclube |
| 2011 | Primeiro de Agosto (2) | Paulo Macedo | Interclube | ASA |
| 2012 | Primeiro de Agosto (3) | Paulo Macedo | Petro de Luanda | Recreativo do Libolo |
| 2013 | Recreativo do Libolo | Norberto Alves | Primeiro de Agosto | Petro de Luanda |
| 2014 | Primeiro de Agosto (4) | Paulo Macedo | SAGU Lions | Petro de Luanda |
| 2015 | Primeiro de Agosto (5) | Ricard Casas | Interclube | ASA |
| 2016 | | | | |
| 2017 | Primeiro de Agosto (6) | Paulo Macedo | Petro de Luanda | Interclube |
| 2018 | Primeiro de Agosto (7) | Paulo Macedo | Petro de Luanda | Interclube |
| 2019 | Primeiro de Agosto (8) | Paulo Macedo | Petro de Luanda | |
| 2020 | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2021 | Primeiro de Agosto (9) | José Carlos Guimarães | Petro de Luanda | Interclube |

## Participation details (2009–2015)

| P | Club | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | Years | | | |
| 1 | CD 1° de Agosto | | 4 | | | | | | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
| 2 | Recreativo do Libolo | | | | | | | | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| 3 | Petro de Luanda | | | | | | | | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Interclube | | | | 4 | 4 | 4 | | 7 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 5 | SAGU Men's Basketball | | | | | | | | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 5 | ASA | 4 | | | | | 5 | | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 | CD ULA | | | 4 | | | | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

## Titles won

| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Years winners |
| Primeiro de Agosto | 9 | 1 | 2009, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021 |
| Recreativo do Libolo | 1 | 2 | 2013 |
| Petro de Luanda | 1 | 5 | 2010 |
# Mpaka Airport

Mpaka Airport (ICAO: FZFQ) is an airport serving the village of Mpaka in Sud-Ubangi Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# Mpageni Pass

Mpageni Pass is situated in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa, on the road between Mbombela and Matsulu, South Africa.
# Tedania aurantiaca

Tedania aurantiaca is a species of sea sponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.
# Tedania elegans

Tedania elegans is a species of sea sponge in the family Tedaniidae found in Australia.
# Taut submanifold

In mathematics, a (compact) taut submanifold N of a space form M is a compact submanifold with the property that for every $q\in M$ the distance function
    $L_{q}:N\to \mathbf {R} ,\qquad L_{q}(x)=\operatorname {dist} (x,q)^{2}$
is a perfect Morse function.
If N is not compact, one needs to consider the restriction of the $L_{q}$ to any of their sublevel sets.
# Tauta

Tauta (literally: nation) was a Lithuanian-language newspaper published by the Party of National Progress in Kaunas, Lithuania from 19 November 1919 to 5 November 1920. It was a four-page (occasionally two-page) newspaper published once or twice a week. In total, 65 issues appeared.
It was organized and established by Vytautas Petrulis who was also the editor of the first nine issues published in 1919. In 1920, the editorial work was taken over by a commission, which included Liudas Noreika. From March 1920, or the 12th issue, it was edited by priest Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas who was invited by Antanas Smetona to move from Vilnius to Kaunas. Tumas and Smetona had previously worked on Viltis (Hope), which formed the early outlines of the ideology of the Party of National Progress and later the Lithuanian Nationalist Union.
Tauta published articles on political, cultural, economic, social, and similar topics. Its contributors included Jonas Pranas Aleksa, Sofija Kymantaitė-Čiurlionienė, Jonas Jablonskis, Martynas Yčas, Petras Klimas, Vincas Krėvė-Mickevičius, Pranas Mašiotas, Stasys Šilingas, Juozas Tūbelis, Augustinas Voldemaras.
In April 1921, Tauta was replaced by Lietuvos balsas (Voice of Lithuania), edited by Antanas Smetona. As he was particularly critical of the government, the publications were closed one after another by the government censors. Using a loophole in the law, they would establish a new publication under a slightly different name. Thus Lietuvos balsas turned into Lietuvių balsas (Voice of the Lithuanians; November–December 1921) which became Tautos balsas (Voice of the Nation), Tėvynės balsas (Voice of the Fatherland), and eventually Krašto balsas (Voice of the Country; October 1922 – June 1923). In September 1923, they briefly revived the pre-war Vairas (Helm).
# Mrs. Hugh Hammersley

Mrs. Hugh Hammersley is an 1892 painting by John Singer Sargent. It is part of the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

## History

The portrait is of Mrs. Hammersley, née Mary Frances Grant (ca. 1863–ca. 1902), who was the wife of a banker and a fashionable London hostess. In the portrait, she is delicately poised on a French sofa. According to the Metropolitan Museum of Art:
   "Her willowy form and candid expression suggest Sargent's ability to characterize and flatter simultaneously. Her gold-trimmed silk-velvet dress and the sumptuous setting announce his mastery of varied textures and patterns."
The painting was well reviewed when it appeared at the New Gallery in London in 1893. The reviews it received there, and at the Salon of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts in Paris in 1894, appeared to forgive Sargent for his infamous Madame X in 1884. The painting is among the first of Sargent's series of images of glamorous English women that culminated in The Wyndham Sisters: Lady Elcho, Mrs. Adeane, and Mrs. Tennant of 1899. Conservators at the Metropolitan note, "Sargent’s unabashedly modern portrayal of the daring and stylish Mrs. Hammersley is a superb demonstration of the artist’s confidence and skill as well that of his sitter."

### Provenance

After Mrs. Hammersley's death in 1902, her husband kept the painting until 1923, when financial troubles compelled him to sell the work. At the suggestion of Sargent, it was purchased by Charles Deering (1852–1927), an American whose portrait Sargent had painted in Newport, Rhode Island in 1876, and who collected Sargent's works.
The painting is currently owned by the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

## In popular culture

The painting makes an appearance in the 2020 Netflix film Rebecca based on the Daphne du Maurier novel.