OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Foinaven oilfield

Foinaven oilfield is a deep-water oil development approximately 190 kilometres (120 mi) west of the Shetland Islands. Together with Schiehallion, Loyal, Solan, Clair and Lancaster fields it forms the area generally termed as the West of Shetland.

## Field description

Foinaven oil field was discovered in 1992. It is located at a water depth of 400–600 metres (1,300–2,000 ft), and was the first development made beyond the United Kingdom Continental Shelf. It is named after a mountain in the North West Highlands. Recoverable oil reserves of Foinaven are estimated to be between 250 and 600 million barrels (40,000,000 and 95,000,000 m$^3$).

## Production

The Foinaven field is operated by BP in partnership with RockRose Energy. The development of the field was sanctioned in 1994 and the oil production in Foinaven started in November 1997. The phase 1 with 21 wells was completed in 2000. It had a designed oil production capacity of 85,000 barrels per day (13,500 m$^3$/d) of oil.
Oil was produced by subsea wells via a manifold, which passed through rigid flowlines and then flexible risers into a Floating Production Storage and Offloading system (FPSO).
The FPSO, Petrojarl Foinaven, which was operated by Teekay Petrojarl, had an overall length of 240 metres (790 ft) and an oil storage capacity of 300,000 barrels (48,000 m$^3$). Surface process facilities consisted of two parallel oil separation and gas compression trains with a combined liquid handling capacity of 145,000 barrels per day (23,100 m$^3$/d) of crude oil and 114 million cubic feet per day (3.2×10^$^6$ m$^3$/d) of associated gas. It was permanently stationed in the field and the crude oil was exported by shuttle tankers. Oil was exported primarily to the Flotta oil terminal in Orkney with smaller amounts going to Tranmere Oil Terminal on Merseyside.
Approximately half of the produced associated gas was used for enhanced oil recovery in the field. The remainder was exported through the West of Shetland pipeline to the Sullom Voe Terminal. Some of the exported gas was used as fuel in the Fortum operated Sullom Voe power station. The remainder was enriched with liquefied petroleum gas and exported to the Magnus platform for enhanced oil recovery in the Magnus field.
According to BP, to date, 390 million barrels of oil have been recovered from the Foinaven area.

## Suspension of Production

In April 2021, BP suspended production from the Foinaven field as the long-serving FPSO Petrojarl Foinaven through which the fields were producing oil was nearing the end of its 25-year design life. It was removed in 2022 to be scrapped at Frederikshavn in Denmark. BP and its partners have begun evaluating options to develop the estimated remaining resources of up to a possible 200 million barrels from the Foinaven field and surrounding area.
# Christine Deakes

Christine Deakes (born 10 October 1953) is an Australian former swimmer. She competed in two events at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Qaleh Gholam Abdollah

Qaleh Gholam Abdollah (Persian: قلعه غلام عبداله, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Gholām 'Abdollāh; also known as Gholām 'Abdollāhī) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Lamerd County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 112, in 27 families.
# Francis Bohlen

Francis Hermann Bohlen (July 31, 1868 – December 9, 1942) was an American legal scholar from Pennsylvania who specialized in tort law and served as the Algernon Sydney Biddle professor of law at the University of Pennsylvania Law School.

## Biography

Bohlen was born in Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to John and Priscilla Murray Bohlen. He was a descendant of the von Bohlen family of Prussia. He attended Miss Havens School in Philadelphia. He graduated from St. Paul’s School in Concord, New Hampshire (1884) and the University of Pennsylvania (Bachelor of Laws, 1892). He was awarded an honorary degree by the University of Pennsylvania Law School (Doctor of Laws, 1929).
Apart from his scholarship, he was a well-known cricket player who was considered one of the best amateurs in America, traveling to compete in England and playing for London County Cricket Club, Marylebone Cricket Club, Free Foresters, and the Philadelphian cricket team.
Bohlen was the Algernon Sydney Biddle professor of law at the University of Pennsylvania Law School. He was an expert on the law of torts, and also taught evidence and contracts. He retired from teaching in 1937. He was known as a leading theorist of the Realist years in torts theory, though he was not a Realist himself.
Among his writings were A Short Selection of Cases on the Law of Torts: Texas, and Other Cases on Torts (Bobbs-Merrill, 1933), Commentaries on Torts: Restatement, Issue 3 (American Law Institute, 1927), and Studies in the law of torts (Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1926).
He died on December 9, 1942, in Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, at age 74. He is interred in the Bohlen family crypt at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia.
# 1832 in Chile

The following lists events that happened during 1832 in Chile.

## Incumbents

President of Chile: José Joaquín Prieto

## Events
### January

* 14 January - Battle of Epulafquen

## Births

* date unknown - Pedro Lagos (d. 1884)
* 21 February - Maximiano Errázuriz (d. 1890)

## Deaths

* 19 April - Melchor José Ramos (b. 1805)
# Philip J. Deering

Philip J. Deering, Sr. (1878 – December 20, 1935) was an American businessperson and politician from Maine. Deering, a Democrat, served in the Maine House of Representatives from one term (1910-1912). He also served four terms as chairman (de facto mayor) of the Portland, Maine City Council in 1924, 1927, 1934 and 1935.

## Biography

He was born in 1878 in Maine.
Deering served on the State Highway Commission for seven years, including a year as Chair.
In 1923, Portland voters dramatically altered the city charter, which included eliminated the previously elected mayor position and by cutting the number of City Councilors from 27 common council members and 9 alderman to 5 at-large members. The election was heavily supported by 'native' residents from the previous neighborhoods of Deering, Maine. There was a strong ethnic conflict in the election, with the 'Committee of 100', of which Deering was a member, made up of 99 Protestants and 1 Catholic but no Jewish or African-American residents. Deering was elected subsequently elected in a citywide as the top vote-getter. The new council chose as the first chairman of the City Council, which he held twice during his first term in office. Leaving office in 1928, he was elected again in 1932. During his 5-year term which ended in December 1937, he again served twice as Council chair. He left office less than a month prior to his death.
Deering had an intestinal disease and died in December 1935 at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts.
# Asako Watanabe

Asako Watanabe (渡辺 麻子, Watanabe Asako) (born December 5, 1959) is a Japanese sprint canoer who competed in the mid-1990s. At the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, she was eliminated in the repechages of the K-2 500 m event and the semifinals of the K-4 500 m event.
# Charoenchai Sundaravadin

Charoenchai Sundaravadin (Thai: เจริญใจ สุนทรวาทิน, RTGS: Suntharawathin; 16 September 1915 – 10 April 2011) was an expert singer and musician of Thai classical music. She was born into a noble musician family, and learned the art from her father Phraya Sanoduriyang. She was a musician in the royal court of Queen Rambai Barni, and became a school teacher following the abolition of absolute monarchy in 1932. She left the civil service during World War II, and later became a lecturer at Chulalongkorn University. She was named a National Artist in performing arts in 1987.
# Alpha generation platform

An alpha generation platform is a technology used in algorithmic trading to develop quantitative financial models, or trading strategies, that generate consistent alpha, or absolute returns. The process of alpha generation refers to generating excess returns. Alpha generation platforms are tools used by hedge funds, banks, CTAs and other financial institutions to help develop and test quantitative trading strategies. Alpha generation platforms support quants in the creation of efficient and productive quantitative trading strategies.

## Background

Traditionally, quants have used tools such as MATLAB, R, C++ and other computer programming languages to create complex trading strategies that help them perform high-frequency trading. However, as market data volumes increase and more traders create financial models that deal with multi-asset class data, news sentiment data and more, quants must spend a large amount of time programming models, debugging code, and integrating multiple market data sources. This is why some firms have begun adding alpha generation platforms to their quant infrastructures.
These platforms are often seen as a complement to traditional quantitative tools as they can help quantitative analysts process huge volumes of market data. With many of these platforms, users can write out models in English, program models using the platform's supported computer languages, or import strategies written in MATLAB, C++, R and other languages. Alpha generation platforms also often include data integration and storage capabilities through built-in database solutions that capture, standardize and store massive volumes of financial tick data.

## Methodology

Alpha generation platforms are used to locate excess return in the capital market. They enable the development of mathematical and statistical models that help determine whether or not a specific investment may be profitable. In some quant-driven funds, these models make the final decision on whether to buy or sell an investment.
These systems cannot be fully trusted and require qualified quantitative analysts to try to prevent massive drawdowns. The dangers of relying upon a platform were illustrated in a 2007 paper by Andrew Lo.
The average quantitative strategy may take from 10 weeks to seven months to develop, code, test and launch. It is important to note that alpha generation platforms differ from low latency algorithmic trading systems. Alpha generation platforms focus solely on quantitative investment research rather than the rapid trading of investments. While some of these platforms do allow analysts to take their strategies to market, others focus solely on the research and development of these highly complex mathematical and statistical models.
# The Other Shore

The Other Shore (Chinese: 彼岸; pinyin: bǐ'àn; untoned Bi An; previously translated The Other Side) is a play by the Chinese writer Gao Xingjian. It was first published into English in 1997 and translated again in 1999.
The intended premiere of The Other Shore under the direction of Lin Zhaohua at the Beijing People's Art Theatre had its production shut down by the Chinese government before it reached performances. The playwright proceeded to direct productions of the play at the Taiwan National College of Art in 1990 and at the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts in 1995.

## Interpretation

Although The Other Shore has been performed internationally, much of the meaning of the play is dependent on specifically Chinese cultural concepts. The title is a literary way of saying "the opposite bank of a river", but also refers to an element of Buddhism known as paramita (the "perfection" of a virtue), this "other shore" representing a state of enlightenment which everyone wants to reach. However, Gao's philosophy specifically inverts this hopeful worldview by proclaiming in his opening stage directions that the action takes place on "the non-existent other shore". The illusion of enlightenment is not to be reached by play's end (or at least, not the enlightenment that was sought).

## Performance space

The Other Shore is also notable for its performance space requirements. Most likely influenced by the French Avant Garde movement, with which Gao was familiar, the playscript states that:
   The play can be performed in a theatre, a living room, a rehearsal room, an empty warehouse, a gymnasium, the hall of a temple, a circus tent, or any empty space as long as the necessary lighting and sound equipment can be properly installed. Lighting can be dispensed with if the play is performed during the day. The actors may be among the audience, or the audience among the actors. The two situations are the same and will not make any difference to the play.

## Reception

Attending the 2003 Sons of Beckett Theatre Company performance directed by Jerry Wienckowski, Les Spindle praised "Xingjian's timelessly compelling vision, a plea for human liberty and peace. [...] Though the scenes seldom progress in a logical fashion, the cumulative impact is alternately chilling and humorous. The dysfunctional interactions suggest the ill effects of political anarchy and the equally treacherous prospect of inefficient or self-serving rulers."

## Translations

* 1997: as The Other Side: A Contemporary Drama Without Acts, tr. by Jo Riley, in An Oxford Anthology of Contemporary Chinese Drama, 1997, ISBN 0-19-586880-3
* 1999: as The Other Shore, tr. by Gilbert Chee Fun Fong, in The Other Shore: Plays by Gao Xingjian, 1999, ISBN 962-201-862-9
# Lisa Dick

Lisa Dick (born 26 September 1968) is a former Australian long-distance runner. She won a silver medal in the marathon event at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur.
# Leye County

Leye County (simplified Chinese: 乐业县; traditional Chinese: 樂業縣; pinyin: Lèyè Xiàn) is a county in the northwest of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. It is under the administration of Baise city.

## Administrative divisions

Leye County is divided into 4 towns and 4 townships:

### towns

* Tongle 同乐镇
* Gantian 甘田镇
* Xinhua 新化镇
* Huaping 花坪镇

### townships

* Luosha 逻沙乡
* Luoxi 逻西乡
* Youping 幼平乡
* Yachang 雅长乡

## Climate

Climate data for Leye, elevation 1,031 m (3,383 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 26.8 (80.2) | 30.1 (86.2) | 32.0 (89.6) | 34.4 (93.9) | 34.0 (93.2) | 33.5 (92.3) | 33.4 (92.1) | 33.1 (91.6) | 32.9 (91.2) | 30.1 (86.2) | 29.0 (84.2) | 25.6 (78.1) | 34.4 (93.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 12.1 (53.8) | 15.0 (59.0) | 18.8 (65.8) | 23.6 (74.5) | 25.8 (78.4) | 27.1 (80.8) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.1 (82.6) | 26.0 (78.8) | 22.1 (71.8) | 18.7 (65.7) | 14.0 (57.2) | 21.6 (70.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 8.2 (46.8) | 10.6 (51.1) | 14.1 (57.4) | 18.7 (65.7) | 21.3 (70.3) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.8 (74.8) | 23.4 (74.1) | 21.3 (70.3) | 17.8 (64.0) | 14.0 (57.2) | 9.6 (49.3) | 17.2 (62.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 5.6 (42.1) | 7.7 (45.9) | 11.0 (51.8) | 15.3 (59.5) | 18.2 (64.8) | 20.5 (68.9) | 21.2 (70.2) | 20.5 (68.9) | 18.3 (64.9) | 15.2 (59.4) | 10.9 (51.6) | 6.6 (43.9) | 14.3 (57.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.2 (26.2) | −4.4 (24.1) | −1.8 (28.8) | 4.5 (40.1) | 7.9 (46.2) | 12.8 (55.0) | 12.9 (55.2) | 14.9 (58.8) | 8.4 (47.1) | 5.1 (41.2) | 0.2 (32.4) | −4.2 (24.4) | −4.4 (24.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 25.8 (1.02) | 20.1 (0.79) | 42.0 (1.65) | 78.0 (3.07) | 152.0 (5.98) | 257.7 (10.15) | 261.2 (10.28) | 218.5 (8.60) | 129.9 (5.11) | 82.7 (3.26) | 34.8 (1.37) | 21.5 (0.85) | 1,324.2 (52.13) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.2 | 10.9 | 13.5 | 13.7 | 15.4 | 17.8 | 19.2 | 18.2 | 12.6 | 11.7 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 162.9 |
| Average snowy days | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 2.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 81 | 78 | 79 | 77 | 79 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 82 | 82 | 80 | 78 | 81 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 63.4 | 75.8 | 95.3 | 123.3 | 127.7 | 105.5 | 129.0 | 143.0 | 123.9 | 98.9 | 106.8 | 89.4 | 1,282 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 19 | 24 | 25 | 32 | 31 | 26 | 31 | 36 | 34 | 28 | 33 | 27 | 29 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||

### Discoveries

* In May 2022, a team of cave explorers discovered a giant sinkhole with hidden forest in Leye County, China.
# 1893 in Chile

The following lists events that happened during 1893 in Chile.

## Incumbents

* President of Chile: Jorge Montt

## Events
### October

* 28 October - The Banco de Chile is founded.

### November

* 27 November - The Santiago Stock Exchange is founded.

## Births

* 1 January - Arturo Friedemann
* 11 January - Florencio Durán (died 1978)

## Deaths

* 7 December - Ramón Cabieses (born 1814), sailor
* Date unknown - Jacinto Chacón (born 1820)
# 1922–23 Michigan College of Mines Huskies men's ice hockey season

The 1922–23 Michigan College of Mines Huskies men's ice hockey season was the 4th season of play for the program. The Huskies were coached by Bill Murdoch in his 1st season.

## Season

For the fourth consecutive season, the Huskies were led by a new head coach. The change in leadership, however, was the least of the team's worries. After a stellar 12-game campaign the year before, MCM was limited to just 4 games for the entire season and lost every single match. After starting late, the team lost a home stand to Notre Dame. Since the Irish were one of the better teams at the time, that was hardly a black mark on the program. A couple of weeks later, however, the team was swept by St. Thomas, who were a middling team at best. Bill Murdoch resigned as coach after the disastrous season.

## Standings

1922–23 Western Collegiate ice hockey standingsvte :
| | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| | GP | W | L | T | Pct. | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| ASO | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Marquette | 5 | 0 | 3 | 2 | .200 | 8 | 13 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 13 |
| Michigan | 10 | 4 | 6 | 0 | .400 | 13 | 23 | 11 | 4 | 7 | 0 | 14 | 27 |
| Michigan College of Mines | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | .000 | 8 | 22 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 22 |
| Minnesota | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | .875 | 42 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 42 | 14 |
| Notre Dame | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 | .857 | 25 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 30 | 18 |
| Wisconsin | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 11 | 3 | 5 | 3 | – | – |

## Schedule and results

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Record |
| Regular Season |||||
| February 15 | Notre Dame* | Amphidrome • Houghton, Michigan $^‡$ | L 2–5 | 0–1–0 |
| February 16 | Notre Dame* | Amphidrome • Houghton, Michigan $^‡$ | L 1–5 | 0–2–0 |
| February 26 | at St. Thomas* | Hippodrome • Saint Paul, Minnesota | L 2–5 | 0–3–0 |
| February 27 | at St. Thomas* | Hippodrome • Saint Paul, Minnesota | L 3–7 | 0–4–0 |
| *Non-conference game. |||||
‡ Michigan Tech lists these games being played on the road, however, contemporary accounts have the games taking place at Houghton.
# Mhairi Grieve

Mhairi Grieve (born 18 Jan 1994) is a Women's rugby union player in Scotland. She is a current member of the Scotland Women's National Rugby Union Team.

## Rugby career

Grieve played rugby while attending University of Edinburgh, also playing club rugby for RHC Cougars. She represented Scotland under-20s, and was called up to the national team in 2014. She made her debut in 2014 to Italy. Grieve played in 2019 Six Nations. She signed with the Sale Sharks in May 2020.

## Personal life

When she graduated from university, Grieve moved down to Manchester to work as a vet and she has been based in the city ever since.
# Ines Di Santo

Ines Di Santo (born c. 1952) is an Italian-Argentine designer of bridal and eveningwear couture.

## Personal life

Di Santo was born in Italy and immigrated to Buenos Aires, Argentina, at the age of 4. She studied fine art and design in Argentina and Italy. In 1975, at 23 years old, Di Santo immigrated to Canada. She is married to Frank Augello in Toronto, Canada.

## Career

In 1984, Di Santo started her design house as a couture designer with her namesake label in Toronto, Canada. Di Santo's daughter, Veronica Di Santo, joined the company in 1998. In 2018, Di Santo collaborated with a New York-based jeweler and launched the Ines x Ciner jewelry collection. In 2021, Di Santo launched two new categories. The same year, Di Santo partnered with Paper Source to create wedding invitations inspired by gowns in her collections.

## Appearances

Di Santo's bridal design collections have been featured in Vogue. Her bridal collections were also featured on Martha Stewart Weddings, The Knot, and Inside Weddings. Jenny McCarthy, Courtney Lopez, Hazel Renee, and Tahira "Tee Tee" Francis of Growing Up Hip Hop chose Di Santo for their wedding day. Britt Robertson also chose plunging mini dress for her second wedding look designed by Di Santo. The American television personality, Carrie Ann Inaba, wore a white Di Santo gown on Dancing With the Stars Premiere Night. She appeared in the Netflix Series Ginny & Georgia.
Di Santo's latest collection was featured in the spring 2024 collections during New York Bridal Fashion Week. Her popular design during the collection includes the Motif dress, the Rayna gown, the Monet gown, the Symphony gown, and the Pizzicato gown.
Her Voluminous Ball Gowns were featured in six top trends from luxury bridal fashion week fall 2023, and in 2024, her design was selected in the Spring 2024 bridal trend: The Special One.
# Ruth Everuss

Ruth Everuss (born 4 August 1944) is an Australian former swimmer. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Italy, Rome.
# Qaleh Mozaffary

Qaleh Mozaffary (Persian: قلعه مظفری, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Moz̧affary; also known as Ghal‘eh Mozaffar, Qal‘eh-e Moz̧affar, and Qal‘eh Moz̧affar) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Lamerd County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 89, in 18 families.
# Aluminium glycinate

Aluminium glycinate (or dihydroxyaluminium aminoacetate) is an antacid.
# Walking Contradiction

"Walking Contradiction" is a song by American rock band Green Day, released as a promotional single from their fourth album Insomniac. Also the closing track on the album, the song reached number 21 on the Modern Rock Tracks in August 1996. The riff of this song originally appeared as the guitar solo for a demo version of "Haushinka", recorded but unused on previous album Dookie. "Haushinka" would eventually appear on their follow-up album Nimrod).

## Track listing

* "Walking Contradiction" (radio edit) – 2:31

## Music video

Directed by Roman Coppola and mostly filmed in San Pedro, Los Angeles, California, the video features the trio going about in a town casually causing accidents, explosions, and mayhem, unaware of their actions. At the end of the video, they all meet up with each other, get into a car and drive off, just as a building collapses. The music video received a Grammy nomination for "Best Music Video, Short Form" at the 39th Grammy Awards in 1997.

## Chart positions

| Chart (1996) | Peak position |
| US Mainstream Rock (Billboard) | 25 |
| US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 21 |

## Other versions

* A live version appears on the 1996 Green Day live EP, Bowling Bowling Bowling Parking Parking.
* Cheekface recorded a cover version for the 2020 charity album Jesus Christ Supermarket: A Compilation to Celebrate 25 Years of Green Day’s Insomniac. The compilation's title references a title that was considered for Insomniac, but not used.