OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Early Devonian

The Early Devonian is the first of three epochs comprising the Devonian period, corresponding to the Lower Devonian series. It lasted from 419.2 ± 3.2 to 393.3 ± 1.2 and began with the Lochkovian Stage 419.2 ± 3.2 to 410.8 ± 1.2, which was followed by the Pragian from 410.8 ± 3.2 to 407.6 ± 1.2 and then by the Emsian, which lasted until the Middle Devonian began, 393.3± 1.2 million years ago. During this time, the first ammonoids appeared, descending from bactritoid nautiloids. Ammonoids during this time period were simple and differed little from their nautiloid counterparts. These ammonoids belong to the order Agoniatitida, which in later epochs evolved to new ammonoid orders, for example Goniatitida and Clymeniida. This class of cephalopod molluscs would dominate the marine fauna until the beginning of the Mesozoic Era.
# List of synagogues in Switzerland

This is a list of synagogues in Switzerland.

## Aargau canton

| Name | City | Affiliation |
| Synagogue of Baden | Baden | Orthodox |
| Endingen Synagogue | Endingen | |
| Lengnau Synagogue | Lengnau | |

## Basel-Stadt canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Israelitische Gemeinde Basel (IGB) | | Basel | | Snyders, M. | |
| Israelitische Gesselchaft Basel (IRGB) | | Basel | | Lehmann, B. | |

## Bern canton

| Name | City | Affiliation | Rabbi |
| Synagogue of Bern | Bern | | |
| Biel Juedische Gemeinde | Biel/Bienne | | |
| Nadvorna Beis Hamedrasch | Thun | Hasidic | Ackerman, P. |

## Fribourg canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Synagogue of Fribourg | | Fribourg | | |

## Geneva canton

| Name | City | Affiliation | Rabbi |
| Beth Yaakov Synagogue | Geneva | | |
| Communauté Juive Libérale de Genève | Geneva | Reform | François Garaï |
| Hekhal Haness Synagogue | Geneva | Orthodox | Rav Mikhaël Benadmon |

## Grisons canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Judische Gemeinde - Shalom Bonayich | | Chur | | Miyers, J. | |

## Jura canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Delémont Synagogue | | Delémont | | | |

## Neuchâtel canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Synagogue of La Chaux-de-Fonds | | La Chaux-de-Fonds | | | |

## Nidwalden canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Beth David Nidwaldner Synagoge | | Nidwalden | | Goldschmidt, S. | |

## Schaffhausen canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Shäerei Rahamim Synagoge | | Schaffhausen | | Foureshtepps, D. | |

## St. Gallen canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Ohr Hatorah | | Wil | | Letterer, T. | |

## Vaud canton

| Name | Image | City | Affiliation | Rabbi | Notes |
| Synagogue of Lausanne | | Lausanne | | | |

## Zurich canton

| Name | City | Affiliation | Rabbi |
| Agudas Achim | Zurich | Orthodox | Breisch, S. |
| Altersheim Sikna | Zurich | | Kotsker, L. |
| Bels | Zurich | Hasidic | |
| Gurer Schtiebel | Zurich | Hasidic | |
| Hugo Mendelheim, Altersheim | Zurich | | Hoffman, M. |
| Israelitische Religionsgesellschaft Zürich (IRGZ) | Zurich | Orthodox | Levy, Ch. M. |
| Machsike Hadass | Zurich | Orthodox | Schmerler, M. |
| Minjan Brunau | Zurich | | Lewis, L. |
| Minjan Weststr | Zurich | | Bollag, F. |
| Minjan Wollishofen | Zurich | | |
| Neuer Selnauer Synagoge | Zurich | | Birnbaum, S. |
| Or Chadasch Jüdische Liberale Gemeinde | Zurich | Liberal/Reform | Bar Ephraim, R. |
| Sichroin Moische | Zurich | Satmar | Hochauser, M. |
| Synagoge Zürich Löwenstrasse (ICZ congregation) | Zürich-City | Orthodox | Hertig, N. |
# Yaovi Adodo

Yaovi Prosper Adodo (born 12 June 1942) is a former Togolese diplomat and politician. Adodo was the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1987 to 1991 under President Gnassingbé Eyadéma. Additionally he served as Minister of Finance from 1988 to 1990. He was previously Minister of Planning and Industry, in which capacity he signed the Third ACP-EEC Convention in Lomé on 8 December 1984.
Adodo was appointed as one of six members of the Commission of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) on 30 January 1995.
# Kokou Tozoun

Kokou Biossey Tozoun is a Togolese politician who was Minister of Justice from 2007 to March 2011.

## Career

After serving as Minister of the Civil Service, Work and Employment, Tozoun was appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation in the government named on July 29, 2003. He was Foreign Minister for two years before being appointed as Minister of Communication and Civic Education in the government named on June 20, 2005. At the 2006 Inter-Togolese Dialogue, Tozoun signed the Global Political Accord on the electoral process on behalf of the government on August 20, 2006. He was dismissed from the government in September 2006, when a national unity government was formed.
Tozoun served as Rapporteur of the National Independent Electoral Commission (CENI) at the time of the October 2007 parliamentary election. Following the election, he was appointed Minister of Justice in the government of Prime Minister Komlan Mally, named on December 13, 2007.
He is a member of the Central Committee of the Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) from Moyen-Mono Prefecture as of the party's Ninth Ordinary Congress in December 2006.
When the National Assembly unanimously voted to abolish the death penalty in June 2009, Tozoun described it as "the best decision that we took in this year".
# Maba Jobe

Maba Jahou Jobe (1 July 1965 – 12 July 2023) was a Gambian politician.

## Biography

Maba Jahou Jobe was born in 1964, in Bakau, where he was also raised.
Jobe once served as an officer major and commander of the Gambian National Army until his appointment as assistant high commissioner to The Gambian embassy in the UK. Jobe was high commissioner to Nigeria from 1996 to 2001.
In a surprise move, President Yahya Jammeh dissolved the Gambian cabinet on 18 October 2006. Jobe was appointed foreign minister for the new cabinet on 20 October, replacing Lamin Kaba Bajo. Jammeh, however announced in a news broadcast on 25 October that he decided to revoke Jobe's ministership.
Maba Jobe died on 12 July 2023.
# Rocco Colonna

Rocco Joseph Colonna (November 8, 1933 – August 7, 2011) was an American politician, having served as a member of the Ohio House of Representatives for over 20 years.
# Mamadou Tangara

Mamadou Tangara (born 4 June 1965) is a Gambian diplomat and politician who has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs since 2018, having previously served in 2012 and from 2010–2012. Tangara also served as Gambian Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 2017–2018 and from 2013–2016.

## Early life and education

Tangara was born in Banjul in 1965. He completed two master's degrees, at the University of Limoges in France and the University of Louvain (UCLouvain) in Belgium. He went on to complete a PhD in social sciences from the University of Limoges also.

## Early career

Tangara was editor-in-chief of La Lune, a magazine published in French aimed at French learners. From 2002, he worked as a lecturer at the University of the Gambia, and then as president and chairman of the University Governing Council.

## Political career

From 2008 to 2010, he was coordinator of the National Authorizing Office Support Unit for EU-funded programmes and projects in the Gambia. He then became an advisor to president Yahya Jammeh regarding UNESCO.
He was appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs by Jammeh in June 2010. He held the role until April 2012, when he was appointed as Minister for Fisheries, Water Resources and National Assembly Matters. Consequently, he was reappointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs in August 2012, holding it until November when he was appointed as Minister for Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology, in which he served until 2013. In 2013, Tangara was appointed as Gambian Permanent Representative to the United Nations. He presented his credentials to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on 13 September 2013.
In December 2016, during the 2016–17 Gambian constitutional crisis, Tangara was among a number of Gambian diplomats who called for Jammeh to step down peacefully. On 20 December 2016, The Gambia Echo reported that Jammeh had dismissed Tangara and replaced him with lieutenant colonel Samsudeen Sarr as chargé d'affaires. Tangara was reappointed to the role on 3 May 2017 by Adama Barrow. In a cabinet reshuffle, effective 29 June 2018, Barrow appointed Tangara as Minister of Foreign Affairs, replacing Ousainou Darboe who had been made Vice-President.
# Android NDK

The Android Native Development Kit (NDK) provides a cross-compiling tool for compiling code written in C/C++ can be compiled to ARM, or x86 native code (or their 64-bit variants) for Android. The NDK uses the Clang compiler to compile C/C++. GCC was included until NDK r17, but removed in r18 in 2018.

## Overview

Native libraries can be called from Java code running under the Android Runtime using System.loadLibrary, part of the standard Android Java classes.
Command-line tools can be compiled with the NDK and installed using adb.
Android uses Bionic as its C library, and the LLVM libc++ as its C++ Standard Library. The NDK also includes a variety of other APIs: zlib compression, OpenGL ES or Vulkan graphics, OpenSL ES audio, and various Android-specific APIs for things like logging, access to cameras, or accelerating neural networks.
The NDK includes support for CMake and its own ndk-build (based on GNU Make). Android Studio supports running either of these from Gradle. Other third-party tools allow integrating the NDK into Eclipse and Visual Studio.
For CPU profiling, the NDK also includes simpleperf which is similar to the Linux perf tool, but with better support for Android and specifically for mixed Java/C++ stacks.
# Rapids, New York

Rapids is a hamlet (also a census-designated place) located in the Town of Lockport in Niagara County, New York, United States. The population was 1,636 at the 2010 census. The ZIP code for Rapids is 14094.
Rapids is located on the south edge of both the town and the county so that a small part of the community is in the Town of Clarence in Erie County. The hamlet lies at the junction of Tonawanda Creek Road, Rapids Road, and Goodrich Road. The community consists of a fire hall, a church, a few businesses, and many residences, primarily in Niagara County. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

Rapids is located at 43°6′5″N 78°38′28″W﻿ / ﻿43.10139°N 78.64111°W﻿ / 43.10139; -78.64111 (43.101324, -78.641134). The community is on the north side of the Tonawanda Creek, which forms the boundary between Niagara and Erie County.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.7 square miles (9.6 km$^2$), all land.
Tonawanda Creek flows through the community.

## Demographics

According to the census of 2000, there were 1,356 people, 538 households, and 373 families residing in the village. The population density was 369.8 inhabitants per square mile (142.8/km$^2$). There were 582 housing units at an average density of 158.7 per square mile (61.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.57% White, 1.25% African American, 0.44% Native American, 0.22% from other races, and 0.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race comprised 0.44% of the population.
There were 538 households, out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.7% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.02.
In the community, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 36.4% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.8 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $38,813, and the median income for a family was $42,067. Males had a median income of $35,859 versus $24,844 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,485. About 6.5% of families and 7.0% of the population lived below the poverty line, including 8.3% of those under age of 18 and none of those aged 65 or over.
# Michael A. Fox

Michael A. Fox (December 15, 1948 – June 23, 2022) was an American Republican politician from Fairfield Township, Butler County, Ohio.
Fox served as a representative in the Ohio State Legislature representing Hamilton and Fairfield, Ohio and surrounding areas for more than two decades. He then served on the Butler County commission from 1997 until 2007, then served as director the county's Children's Services through 2009.
Fox was honored by having the newly constructed Ohio State Route 129, a limited access highway connecting Hamilton and Liberty Township with Interstate 75, named for him. But in 2004, Fox's name was removed and the road was renamed Butler County Veterans Highway, after a rival politician from nearby Middletown sponsored a bill in the state legislature to change the name. A small section of the highway within the Hamilton city limits still bears Fox's name.
The Dayton Daily News of 24 June 2022, noted that Fox had directed large sums to support Miami University and had been influential in creating the Government Services Center in Hamilton. Until the mid 1980s all traffic on High Street, Hamilton was inconvenienced by the railroad crossing near the current underpass. Fox had directed $11 million for the Jack Kirsch underpass which has solved this traffic problem.
In 2009, Fox was indicted of federal charges which charge him with "abusing his political authority, defrauding the public out of hundreds of thousands of dollars and financially benefiting from county contracts from 2000 to 2008." The trial is pending.
According to a statement of facts filed with Fox’s plea agreement, Fox accepted approximately $460,000 in 2002 in what the government deems a bribe or kickback from Schuler. At the time, a company owned by Schuler, NORMAP, held a multimillion-dollar contract with Butler County to install a fiber optic communications network throughout the county.
Fox failed to disclose the $460,000 he received from Schuler to the Butler County Commission in an attempt to hide the improper financial relationship from the citizens of Butler County.
Fox admitted that he did not report the $460,000 on his 2002 federal income tax return. Schuler admitted that he did not report $360,000 in business income on his 2002 federal income tax return. The plea agreement does not resolve any possible civil liability that Fox or Schuler may have for taxes, interest, and penalties relating to their individual federal income tax relative to tax years 2002-2010.
In 2012, he was sentenced to 4 years in prison after having pleaded guilty to complicity to commit mail and wire fraud and filing a false tax return.
# Marie Levens

Maria Elizabeth (Marie) Levens (born 13 July 1950) is a politician who held the post of Foreign Minister of Suriname for five years (2000–2005). On 16 July 2020, Levens became the Minister of Education, Science & Culture.

## Biography

Levens first studied at the Pedagogical Institute in Suriname, continued to study at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and received her doctorate from the University of Amsterdam. In 1977, she returned to Suriname to teach at the Pedagogical Institute.
After having worked in education she joined the board of the Anton de Kom University of Suriname and contributed to the establishment of the school of Educational Sciences. The Institute of Quality Assurance at the University was her initiative; she became the first director of that institute and contributed to the national and regional Caribbean movement on the establishment of legislation and mechanisms on accreditation. She was the director of the Scholarship Program in Suriname negotiating with universities in Latin America, the Caribbean and Europe. She became Exec. Director of the Department of Human Development of the Organization of American States (OAS). She had worked at the OAS for 10 years, and started three educational programs.
In 1993 she founded the Progressieve Vrouwen Unie (Progressive Women Union).
In 2000 she became the first woman to be the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Suriname. She served until 2005. Between 2005 and 2015, Levens was the programme manager for the Inter American Development Bank, and negotiator for the border issue with Guyana over the Tigri Area. In 2015, Levens became International Program Manager for the World and Regional Development Banks. In 2018, President Desi Bouterse nominated her for Minister of Education which she refused.
On 16 July 2020, Levens became the Minister of Education, Science & Culture in the cabinet of Santokhi.

## Honours

Levens hold an honorary doctorate from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel.
# Ministry of External Affairs and Defence

The Ministry of External Affairs and Defence was a cabinet ministry of the Government of Ceylon that conducted and managed all of Ceylon's relations with other countries and its military matters from 1947 to 1977.

## History

The ministry was formally established in 1948 following the independence of Ceylon as the Ministry of External Affairs and Defence, coming under the direct control of the Prime Minister of Ceylon. In 1977, J.R Jayawardena's government adapted two separate ministries, forming the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

## Senior officials

* Prime Minister and Minister of External Affairs and Defence
* Parliamentary Secretary for External Affairs and Defence
* Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of External Affairs and Defence

## Departments

* Ceylon Army
* Royal Ceylon Navy
* Royal Ceylon Air Force
* Police Department
* Ceylon Overseas Service
* Department of Information
* Department of Immigration and Emigration

## Parliamentary Secretaries

* Hon. Richard Gotabhaya Senanayake (1947-1952)
* Hon. Major Montague "Monti" Jayawickreme (1952-1956)
* Hon. Tikiri Banda Subasinghe (1956-1959)
* Hon. Felix R. Dias Bandaranaike (1960-1964)
* Hon. J. R. Jayewardene (1965-1970)
* Hon. Lakshman Jayakody (1970-1972)

## Deputy Ministers

* Hon. Lakshman Jayakody (1972-1977)
* Hon. T. B. Werapitiya (1977-1981)

## Permanent Secretaries

The following list of Ceylon Civil Service Class 1 officers who held the post of Permanent Secretary to the Ministry of Defence and External Affairs:
* Sir Kanthiah Vaithianathan (1948-1952)
* Sir Velupillai Coomaraswamy (1952-1954)
* Gunasena de Soyza (1954-1957)
* Herbert Tennekoon (1957-1959)
* Merenna Francis de Silva Jayaratne (1959-1961)
* N. Q. Dias (1961-1965)
* G.V.P. Samarasinghe (1965-1970)
* A. R. Ratnavale (1970-1972)
* W. T. Jayasinghe (1972-1977)

### Additional Secretaries

Incomplete
* S.A. Dissanayake - (former IGP)
* Tissa Wijeyeratne
# Donald Fraser (Ohio politician)

Donald R. Fraser (May 21, 1927 – December 28, 2010) was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives.
# Freeman T. Eagleson

Freeman T. Eagleson (October 4, 1876 – January 12, 1967) was a Republican politician in the U.S. State of Ohio who was Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives 1907–1908.
Freeman T. Eagleson was born in Guernsey County, Ohio and attended common schools, Washington High School, and Muskingum College. He taught school for six years. He studied law starting in 1901 with the firm Locke and Turnbaugh in Cambridge, and finishing at Ohio State University Moritz College of Law. He was admitted to the bar December 1904.
After the death of his former instructor, Mr. Locke, Eagleson became the junior partner of Mr. Turnaugh, at Turnbaugh & Eagleson, Cambridge, Ohio. Eagleson was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives in the 76th General Assembly (1904–1905), and was selected Speaker pro tem in the 77th, (1906–1908). When Speaker Carmi Thompson was elected Ohio Secretary of State, with term starting in 1907, Eagleson was elevated to Speaker of the House.
Eagleson died January 12, 1967, and is interred at Green Lawn Cemetery (Columbus, Ohio).
# Baddeley Devesi

Sir Baddeley Devesi GCMG GCVO (October 16, 1941 – February 16, 2012) was a Solomon Islander politician who served as the first Governor-General of the Solomon Islands for two consecutive terms.
He was born in Guadalcanal. He served as the first Governor-General of the Solomon Islands from July 7, 1978 to July 7, 1988. Later, he served as Foreign Minister from 1989 to 1990, Interior Minister from 1990 to 1992, and Deputy Prime Minister from 1990 to 1993 and 1997 to 2000, until the government was removed by a coup d'etat.
As a leader during the independence, he criticized Britain for its lack of preparation for the handover of autonomy, which ultimately led to the political crises the Solomons have suffered following independence. He quipped that "the empire was leaving behind a system of British justice and Parliament, but for an island nation with 4 volcanoes and 70 languages." In particular he was concerned about the absence of preparation for economic development.
In 1993, he addressed the United Nations General Assembly with concerns that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change did not sufficiently address the issue of global warming. He was also a strong advocate of the Treaty of Rarotonga.
Leading up to the coup, he had strongly recommended to the Australian and New Zealand High Commissioner that they send peacekeepers. He encouraged election observers to ensure an orderly formation of a government after the 2006 election.
Baddeley was also, briefly, a teacher and acting head teacher at the Diocese of Melanesia (Anglican) Vera'na'aso Primary School, Maravovo during 1966–67. He died on 16 February 2012, aged 70.
# Nollen Cornelius Leni

Nollen Cornelius Leni is a Solomon Islands politician. He was a member of the National Parliament of the Solomon Islands between 2001 and 2010, representing the East Central Guadalcanal constituency. He also served as Minister for Fisheries and Marine Resources. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs briefly in 2002.