OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hinduism in Gibraltar

Hinduism is a minority faith in Gibraltar followed by 2% of the population. Most of the Hindus in Gibraltar are of Sindhi origin.

## Demographics

According to 2000 census Hindus numbered 491 and made up 1.8% of the population of Gibraltar. According to an estimate from 2012, the population of Hindus made up 2%.
The demographics of Hindus from 1970 to 2012:
| Year | Population of Hindus | Percent of Hindus | Increase in Percentage |
| 1970 | 238 | 1.0% | |
| 1981 | 393 | 1.5% | +0.5% |
| 1991 | 555 | 2.1% | +0.6% |
| 2001 | 491 | 1.8% | -0.3% |
| 2012 | 628 | 2.0% | +0.2% |

## History

The first people in Gibraltar from British India are thought to have arrived in 1870 from the area around Hyderabad (Sindh) taking advantage of the new Suez Canal. The new Sindhi merchants were able to establish businesses with local managers that they could manage remotely. Indians faced some resistance from Gibraltarians and in 1921 the seven Hindu traders required licences to operate. By 1950 the number of licences had tripled but the real demand for assistance was when the border was closed by the Spanish and there were no Spanish shop assistants. There were nearly 300 trading licences by 1970.
There was resistance to the Hindu community but arranged marriages were reducing and the community shared common schools with the other groups in Gibraltar. It was said that the date for deciding whether a person was a true Gibraltarian was designed to exclude as many Indians as possible but by 1973 the local Hindu lawyer Haresh Budhrani assessed that Hindus were able to fully join in with the community.
On the day of Divali in 1993 the community started using the Gibraltar Hindu Temple. By 1999 the decoration was complete and the Prana pratishta ceremony was formally performed by a priest from India. The wider community celebrated the new temple when the Governor of Gibraltar Richard Luce formally opened the temple on 1 March 2000.

## Contemporary Society

In 2004 Budhrani was elected the Speaker in the House of Assembly and he later became the first speaker of the Gibraltar Parliament.
In 2012 the Mayor of Gibraltar made the news when he announced that he was inviting the Hindu community into Gibraltar City Hall to celebrate the Hindu festival of Divali.
Hindus have the highest proportion (%) of pupils achieving 5 or more GCSEs (Grades A-C), the highest percentage of people of working age with a degree, and the lowest crime rate in Gibraltar.
# James E. Putnam

James E. Putnam (born April 18, 1940) was an American politician in the state of South Dakota. He was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives and South Dakota State Senate. He was Majority Whip of the House from 1993 to 1996.
# Equatorial ascendant

In astrology, the equatorial ascendant, or the East point, is the sign and degree rising over the Eastern Horizon at the Earth's equator at any given time. In the celestial sphere it corresponds to the intersection of the ecliptic with a great circle containing the ecliptic poles and the East point of the horizon.

## Calculation

Equations derived from spherical trigonometry allow for the conversion from equatorial coordinates to ecliptic coordinates. As points in the ecliptic have no latitude (β=0º) and the East point of the horizon has a right ascension 6$^h$ higher than that of the meridian (or 90º more in hour angle), the equation that determines East Point's longitude can be written as:
    $\tan \lambda _{EP}={\tan(\theta _{\rm {L}}+90^{\circ })\cos \varepsilon }$
where $\theta _{\rm {L}}$ is the local sidereal time and $\varepsilon$ is the obliquity of the ecliptic. The equation can also be derived from the Ascendant at the equator ($\phi$=0º).
* Angles in the degrees ( ° ), minutes ( ' ), and seconds ( " ) of sexagesimal measure must be converted to decimal before calculations are performed. Whether they are converted to decimal degrees or radians depends upon the particular calculating machine or program.
* Angles in the hours ( $^h$ ), minutes ( $^m$ ), and seconds ( $^s$ ) of time measure must be converted to decimal degrees or radians before calculations are performed. (1$^h$ = 15° 1$^m$ = 15' 1$^s$ = 15")
* Angles greater than 360° (2π) or less than 0° may need to be reduced to the range 0° - 360° (0 - 2π) depending upon the particular calculating machine or program.
* When L.S.T. is 0$^h$ 0$^m$ 0$^s$ ($\theta _{\rm {L}}$=0º), East Point's longitude is 90º.
* Inverse trigonometric functions are quadrant-ambiguous, and results should be carefully evaluated by taking into account that λ$_{EP}$ is roughly 90º more than λ$_{MC}$.
* For the past 5 million years, Earth's obliquity has varied between 22.042500° and 24.50444°. The effect on λ$_{EP}$ is less than 0.53°. For values referred to the standard equinox J2000.0 use 23.4392911°; for J1950.0 use 23.4457889°.
# Becklin

Becklin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Cooper Becklin (born 2004), American racing driver
* Eric Becklin (born 1940), American astrophysicist
* Lynn H. Becklin (born 1932), American politician
* Robert C. Becklin (1926–2012), American businessman and politician
# Joseph Chotzner

Joseph Chotzner (May 11, 1844 – 1914) was the first rabbi of the Jewish community in Belfast, Ireland. He served from 1870 to 1880 at the helm of the Belfast Synagogue.

## Biography

Chotzner was born in Kraków, Poland on May 11, 1844, and educated at the Breslau rabbinical seminary and the University of Breslau. After his ordination Chotzner became the first rabbi of the congregation at Belfast, Ireland, officiating from 1870 to 1880; and he again held the rabbinate there from 1892 to 1897. He also taught (1880–92) at Harrow School. From 1897 to 1905 he was a lecturer at Montefiore College, Ramsgate, established by Moses Montefiore.
Chotzner wrote "Lel Shimmurim" (The Night of Observances), a poetry collection, Breslau, 1864; "Modern Judaism" (1876), "Humor and Irony of the Hebrew Bible," 1883; the memoirs "Zikronot" (1885); and "Hebrew Humour and Other Essays" (1915).
Alfred James Chotzner, Joseph's son, became a High Court Judge in Calcutta and a Member of Parliament in the UK.
# Babozai

Babozai (often spelled: Babuzai) (Pashto: بابوزئ) is a union council in the Mardan District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.
Babozai (often spelled: Babuzai) (Pashto: بابوزئ) is also a Tehsil in the Swat Vally of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.
The river Gadar Khwar flows through Babuzai Tehsil, which is located at an altitude of 1754 metres (5757 feet).
The predominant tribe in both the union council babuzai, Mardan, and Tehsil babuzai, Swat is the sub-branch of Yousuf Zai Pashtun tribe Babuzai which was named after their ancestor Babu. Babu along with his sons fought the Yousufzai battle of Swat and Katlang. They were subsequently settled in both Tehsil and Union Council Babuzai.
# Sikorsky XV-2

The Sikorsky XV-2, also known by the Sikorsky Aircraft model number S-57, was a planned experimental stoppable rotor aircraft, designated as a convertiplane, developed for a joint research program between the United States Air Force and the United States Army. The program was canceled before construction of the prototype began.

## Design and development

The XV-2 was developed as part of a joint U.S. Air Force and U.S. Army program intended to explore technologies to develop an aircraft that could take off and land like a helicopter but fly at faster airspeeds, similar to a conventional airplane. The XV-2's stoppable-rotor design was intended to allow it to hover and fly at low speed like a conventional helicopter. It utilized a single-blade single-rotor design; a counterweight provided stability to the rotor system, while a tip-jet arrangement powered the rotor, which retracted into the upper fuselage when stopped, the XV-2 then flying like a conventional aircraft on delta wings. A single jet engine was provided for forward flight, and was to be equipped with thrust vectoring for steering in hover and for anti-torque control in lieu of a tail rotor.
The XV-2 prototype was assigned the serial number 53-4403, but the project was cancelled before construction could begin.

## Specifications

General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 45 ft 8 in (13.92 m)
* Wingspan: 19 ft 6 in (5.94 m)
* Height: 12 ft 9 in (3.89 m)
* Powerplant: 1 × Armstrong Siddeley Mamba II or Allison 501-C1 / Pratt & Whitney JT12 turboprop / turbojet
Performance
# Seabury Ford

Seabury Ford (October 15, 1801 – May 8, 1855) was a Whig politician from Ohio. He served as the 20th governor of Ohio and was the last Whig to serve as governor.

## Early life

Ford was born in Cheshire, Connecticut and moved to Burton, Ohio with his parents in 1804. He studied at Burton Academy, and then graduated from Yale University. While at Yale, he was elected by his classmates as class "bully", a term of honor for the physically strongest man in the class.

## Career

Ford graduated from Yale in 1825, returned to Ohio, and read law under the direction of his uncle, Judge Peter Hitchcock. He commenced the practice of law in 1827. While practicing law, Ford became involved in the state militia and was promoted to the rank of major general. Ford married Harriet E. Cook of Burton in 1828.
In 1835, Ford was elected to the Ohio House of Representatives from Geauga County. He held this position three times, and served as speaker for one term. From 1841 to 1848, he served in the Ohio State Senate.
After serving in the General Assembly, Ford was elected to the governorship in late 1848, by a margin of 311 votes out of nearly 300,000 cast. Ford served only a single term before returning home. His term was marred by fighting in a highly partisan Assembly that was divided over issues related to slavery and the Mexican–American War, as well as by a cholera epidemic that swept through Columbus.

## Death

On the first Sunday after his retirement, Ford suffered a stroke and was stricken by paralysis, from which he never recovered. He died at his home in Burton in 1855 when he was 53 years old. Ford is interred at Welton Cemetery in Burton, Ohio.
# Sheppton, Pennsylvania

Sheppton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 239 at the 2000 census.

## Geography

Sheppton is located at 40°53′46″N 76°7′6″W﻿ / ﻿40.89611°N 76.11833°W﻿ / 40.89611; -76.11833 (40.895990, -76.118221).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.1 square miles (0.26 km$^2$), all land.
The ZIP code of Sheppton is 18248.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 239 people, 99 households, and 58 families living in the CDP. The population density was 4,492.4 inhabitants per square mile (1,734.5/km$^2$). There were 114 housing units at an average density of 2,142.8 per square mile (827.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 100.00% White. There were 99 households, 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.4% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.4% were non-families. 33.3% of households were one person and 21.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.21.
The age distribution was 24.3% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.7 males.
The median household income was $26,042 and the median family income was $35,750. Males had a median income of $30,625 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,547. About 13.6% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 4.8% of those sixty five or over.

## Education

The Hazleton Area School District covers the CDP. The zoned public high school is Hazleton Area High School in Hazle Township.
# Timm Kröger

Timm Kröger (born 17 November 1985) is a German film director, screenwriter, cinematographer, producer and film editor.

## Life and career

Born in Itzehoe, Kröger studied at the European Film College in Ebeltoft, Denmark and at the Film Academy Baden-Württemberg in Ludwigsburg. After directing some shorts and documentaries, he made his feature film debut in 2014 with The Council of Birds, which premiered at the 71st Venice International Film Festival in the International Critics' Week sidebar. For this film he was awarded best director at the 2015 Belgrade International Film Festival. His second feature The Universal Theory entered the main competition at the 80th Venice International Film Festival.
Also active as a cinematographer and film editor for other directors, in 2022 Kröger was awarded the Preis der deutschen Filmkritik for best cinematography for The Trouble with Being Born.

## Selected filmography
### Director and screenwriter

* The Council of Birds (2014)
* The Universal Theory (2023)

### Cinematographer

* 16 × Deutschland [de] (2013)
* The Trouble with Being Born (2020)
# Paulina Bartz

Paulina Bartz (born 9 May 2005) is a German footballer who plays as a midfielder for German Frauen-Bundesliga Club Bayer 04 Leverkusen.

## International career

Bartz has represented Germany at youth level.

## Honours

Germany under-17
* FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup: 2022 4th place
* UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship: winner 2022
# Robert Roxby (actor)

Robert Roxby (c. 1809 – 25 July 1866) was an English actor and stage manager.

## Life

Roxby was a son of William Roxby Beverley, an actor-manager who was for a time manager of the theatre in Tottenham Street in London. The actor Henry Roxby Beverley and the scene-painter William Roxby Beverley were his brothers.
After performing in provincial theatres, Roxby appeared in London in 1839 at the St James's Theatre, under the management of Hooper.
In 1843, at the Theatre Royal, Manchester, he played many leading parts in comedy. He was for some years in London at the Lyceum Theatre or at Drury Lane, and was during eleven years stage manager at Drury Lane.
He acted much with Charles Mathews, and was with him and Madame Vestris at the Lyceum from 1847 to 1855. This was the best part of his career.
In October 1855, he played, at Drury Lane, Rob Royland to the Mopus of Charles Mathews, in Married for Money, an adaptation of John Poole's The Wealthy Widow. In March 1858, he was the original Lord George Lavender in Joseph Stirling Coyne's The Love Knot. He played, in March 1860, an original part in Edward Fitzball's Christmas Eve, or the Duel in the Snow, and in November 1861 was the original Hardess Cregan in H. J. Byron's burlesque Miss Eily O'Connor.
At the Princesses's Theatre as stage manager, on 23 January 1863, he was seriously burnt in extinguishing a fire on the stage, in which two girls in the pantomime lost their lives. On the first appearance in London of Walter Montgomery at the Princess's as Othello, in June 1863, Roxby was Roderigo. At the close of the year he was again at Drury Lane, where,
In April 1864, he played in An April Fool by William Brough and Andrew Halliday.
Roxby was a capable stage manager and, in spite of some hardness of style and weakness of voice, a respectable actor in light-comedy parts.

## Death

On 25 July 1866, after a long illness, he died in London at the house of his brother William Roxby Beverle. Roxby is buried at Kensal Green Cemetery, London.
# Sarah Adlington

Sarah Jayne Adlington (born 5 August 1986) is a British judoka.

## Judo career

She has won over 75 medals including becoming champion of Great Britain on seven occasions, winning the heavyweight division at the British Judo Championships in 2007, 2008, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2021 and 2023.
In 2013, she won the European Open in Rome and in 2015, she won the +78 kg gold at the 2015 Oceania Open in Wollongong.
She competed in the 2019 European Games in Minsk, Belarus. In 2020, she was selected to represent Great Britain at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo but was defeated in the first round of the women's +78 kg category.
She competed for Scotland at the Commonwealth Games in 2014 where she won a gold medal in the Women's +78 kg event and in 2022 where she won another gold medal in the Women's +78 kg event.
In 2023, she won the +78 kg title at the British Judo Championships. This was her seventh British national title.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Place | Weight class |
| 2008 | European Championships | 5th | Heavyweight (+78 kg) |
| 2009 | European Championships | 7th | Heavyweight (+78 kg) |
# Margarita Azurdia

Margarita Azurdia (born April 17, 1931, in Antigua, Guatemala, died July 1, 1998, in Guatemala City, Guatemala), who also worked under the pseudonyms Margot Fanjul, Margarita Rita Rica Dinamita, and Anastasia Margarita, was a feminist Guatemalan sculptor, painter, poet, and performance artist.

## Biography

Margarita Azurdia studied at the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas, and at McGill University of Liberal Arts-College Margarita Burgeois, of San Francisco, California.
Azurdia's work reflects her feminist and anti-establishment views. In the 1960s, Azurdia publicly opposed neofigurativism (neofigurativismo), an art movement promoted by a group of male artists known as Grupo Vertebra, and was responsible for starting a new art movement known as new conceptual abstraction (nuevo abstraccionismo conceptual)
In 1962 Azurdia exhibited her first painting, a self-portrait. Between 1971 and 1974, Azurdia created a series of fifty wood figurative sculptures, titled "Tribute to Guatemala" (Homenaje a Guatemala), that combine the sacramental with the profane. The sculptures were carved by local artisans to her specifications, and incorporated ornamental figures—plaster skulls, masks, feathers, pedestal tables—that Azurdia collected from local artisans' stalls. The sculptures depict women carrying firearms, babies riding on crocodiles, and tigers transporting bananas, images reminiscent of the magic realism from Latin American literature.
After spending eight years in Paris where she focused on her poetry and painting, Azurdia returned to Guatemala in 1982, where she defended animal rights, gave workshops on the origins of sacred dance, and continued to write poetry. In 1982, she was a founder of the group Laboratory of Creativity (Laboratorio de Creatividad) that experimented with performance art in public spaces, theater cafes, art galleries, and museums. Through this group, Azurdia explored the notions of ritual in everyday life, space, and time through the medium of dance.
She also presented her work in collective and individual shows in Mexico, the United States, France, and Central America. Some of her work is included in the permanent collection of the National Museum of Modern Art, Guatemala. Azurdia also participated in the biennials of São Paulo and Medellin.
After her death in 1998, her home in Guatemala City (located at 16-39 5th Avenue, zone 10) became a museum, the Museo Margarita Azurdia, where many of her paintings, sculptures, and photographs are displayed.
In 2016, the Nuevo Museo de Arte Contemporáneo (NuMu), the only contemporary art museum in Guatemala, created an exhibit of scaled-down reproductions of two of Azurdia's "Geometric Abstractions" paintings.
# Devin Toner

Devin Toner (born 29 June 1986) is a former professional rugby player. He played in the second-row for Ireland and the Irish province Leinster. Measuring 6' 10" in height, he was the tallest player in the Heineken Cup and the 2015 Rugby World Cup. He wore a size 15 (Ireland) boot.

## Leinster

The former Castleknock College player established himself as a senior player with Leinster, chalking up more than a century of senior provincial caps. On 27 March 2021, he made his 262nd appearance for Leinster in a victory over Munster in the grand final of the 2020–21 Pro14, exceeding Gordon D'Arcy's provincial appearance record.
In March 2022, Toner announced that he would be retiring at the end of the 2021-22 season.

## Ireland

Toner made his Ireland Wolfhounds debut in the 2009 Churchill Cup against Canada in June 2009, and helped his side win the tournament in Denver with a win against the England Saxons.
Toner was selected by Ireland's head coach Declan Kidney to make his International debut for Ireland against Samoa on 13 November 2010 during the 2010 end of year rugby tests. He then came off the bench against New Zealand and Argentina during the following week. Toner was a regular starter for Ireland at lock from 2013 to 2018.
Toner was left out of Joe Schmidt's squad for the 2019 Rugby World Cup, with Schmidt instead selecting Iain Henderson, Jean Kleyn, Tadhg Beirne and James Ryan as locks. Toner last appeared for Ireland in February 2020 in the Six Nations.

## Honours
### Leinster

* European Rugby Champions Cup (4): 2009, 2011, 2012, 2018
* Pro14 (7): 2008, 2013, 2014, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

### Ireland A

Churchill Cup (1): 2009

### Ireland

* Six Nations Championship (3): 2014, 2015, 2018
* Grand Slam (1): 2018
# Sudbury & Harrow Road railway station

Sudbury & Harrow Road is a National Rail station served by Chiltern Railways in Harrow Road, Sudbury in Greater London. It was the least used railway station in Greater London in 2023/24 and is 400 m (1,300 ft) north of Sudbury Town Underground station.

## History

On 20 November 1905 the Great Central Railway opened a new route for freight trains between Neasden Junction and Northolt Junction. Passenger services from Marylebone began on 1 March 1906, when three new stations were opened: Wembley Hill, Sudbury & Harrow Road and South Harrow. On 2 April 1906 these services were extended to Northolt Junction.
The film 'Mosque in the Park' made for Thames Television and first shown 5 June 1973 featured the daily routine of leading railwayman Mr. Siddiq who was originally from Delhi and who moved to London in 1960. The film shows him at work for British Rail at the Sudbury & Harrow Road railway station, a job that he did alone.

## Services

All services at Sudbury & Harrow Road are operated by Chiltern Railways.
The station is served by a limited service of four trains per day in each direction between London Marylebone, West Ruislip and Gerrards Cross during peak hours only. Trains run southbound into London Marylebone in the morning peak and northbound out of London Marylebone in the evening peak.
No services call at the station on weekends or Bank/Public Holidays.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Sudbury Hill Harrow | | Chiltern RailwaysChiltern Main LineLimited Service | | Wembley Stadium |

## Connections

* London Buses routes 18, 92, 182 and 245 and night route N18 serve the station.
* Sudbury Town Underground station is a 5-minute walk away for London Underground services.
# Lowdon Heller

Lowdon B. Heller (February 24, 1924 – May 28, 2016) was an American politician in the state of South Dakota. He was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1957 to 1960. He was an alumnus of the University of South Dakota and South Dakota State University, and was later a businessman, teacher and farmer. He died aged 92 in 2016.
# Dmitry Fesenko

Dmitry Semyonovich Fesenko (Russian: Дмитрий Семёнович Фесенко; September 1895 – 15 October 1937) was a Soviet Komkor (corps commander). He was born in present-day Stavropol Krai. He fought for the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going over to the Bolsheviks during the subsequent Civil War. He was a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner. During the Great Purge, he was arrested on 18th of July, 1937 and later executed at Kommunarka.