OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tha Blue Herb

Tha Blue Herb is a Japanese alternative hip hop trio based in Sapporo, Hokkaido. They formed in 1997 and now consist of three members: Boss the MC a.k.a. Ill-Bosstino (MC), O.N.O. (producer, formerly live DJ until DJ Dye joined Tha Blue Herb in 1999) and DJ Dye (live DJ). They also run a record label called Tha Blue Herb Recordings.
James Hadfield of The Japan Times described Tha Blue Herb as "the Company Flow of Japanese hip-hop."
Beside releasing several albums and singles as the group, O.N.O. also released solo works, while Ill-Bosstino participated in Herbest Moon (with producer Wachall) and Japanese Synchro System (with producer Calm) and also worked with DJ Krush and Audio Active amongst others.

## Discography
### Albums

* Stilling, Still Dreaming (1998)
* Sell Our Soul (2002)
* Life Story (2007)
* Total (2012)

### EPs

* Underground vs. Amateur (2000)
* Front Act (2002)
* The Future Is in Our Hands (2003)
* The Way Hope Goes (2005)
* Phase 3 (2007)

### Singles

* "The Shock-Shine Revolt" (1998)
* "The Ring of Wisdom / The Wind Blows from the North" (1998)
* "Underground vs. Amateur" (1999)
* "Times Are Changing" (2000)
* "Trans-Sapporo Express" (2000)
* "Annui Dub: Thank You Very Much My Friend" (2000)
* "3 Days Jump" (2001)
* "Front Act" (2002)
* "The Future Is in Our Hands" (2003)
* "Roads of The Underground" (2004)
* "Chie no Dub / Pusher on the Street" (2005)
* "My Work / My Faith" (2006)
* "Phase 3" (2007)
* "The Suburbs of Hip Hop / A Special Night" (2007)
* "Straight Years" (2009)

### Soundtracks

* Heat: Original Soundtrack (2004) a soundtrack album for Heat

### DVDs

* Enbu (2007)
* That's the Way Hope Goes (2007)
* Straight Days (2009)
# Midicronica

Midicronica is a Japanese musical rap group. The band consists of four members known as "#894", "#181", "#716" and "#563". The band has collaborated with many other artists such as Shin-ski of Martiangang, Sonomi, Gumuna, La Melomania etc. The members draw themselves as small characters who appear on the album covers and additional artwork. The group has strong influences from the hit band Sugar Ray.
The group's song "San Francisco" from their album #501 was used as the ending theme to the last episode of the 2004-2005 anime Samurai Champloo.

## Albums

* #101 (2018)
* #777 (2015)
* #303 (2013)
* color (2012)
* Happy Birth Death (2011)
* 403 forbidden 寅 (2010)
* .Co. Lab (2009)
* #209 (2008)
* #501 (2005)
# Apheloriini

Apheloriini is a tribe of millipedes within the subfamily Rhysodesminae.
As of December 2024, MilliBase accepted the following genera in the tribe Apheloriini:
* Apheloria Chamberlin, 1921
* Appalachioria Marek & Bond, 2006
* Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939
* Daphnedesmus Marek, Means & Hennen, 2021
* Deltotaria Causey, 1942
* Rudiloria Causey, 1955
* Sigmoria Chamberlin, 1939
Genera accepted by other sources that MilliBase regarded as synonyms include:
* Brevigonus, syn. of Brachoria
* Cheiropus, syn. of Sigmoria
* Cleptoria, syn. of Sigmoria
* Croatania, syn. of Sigmoria
* Dixioria, syn. of Sigmoria
* Dynoria, syn. of Sigmoria
* Falloria, syn. of Sigmoria
* Furcillaria, syn. of Sigmoria
* Hubroria, syn. of Sigmoria
* Lyrranea, syn. of Sigmoria
* Prionogonus, syn. of Sigmoria
* Stelgipus, syn. of Sigmoria
# Molecular propeller

A Molecular propeller is a molecule that can propel fluids when rotated, due to its special shape that is designed in analogy to macroscopic propellers: it has several molecular-scale blades attached at a certain pitch angle around the circumference of a shaft, aligned along the rotational axis.
The molecular propellers designed in the group of Prof. Petr Král from the University of Illinois at Chicago have their blades formed by planar aromatic molecules and the shaft is a carbon nanotube. Molecular dynamics simulations show that these propellers can serve as efficient pumps in the bulk and at the surfaces of liquids. Their pumping efficiency depends on the chemistry of the interface between the blades and the liquid. For example, if the blades are hydrophobic, water molecules do not bind to them, and the propellers can pump them well. If the blades are hydrophilic, water molecules form hydrogen bonds with the atoms in the polar blades. This can largely block the flow of other water molecules around the blades and significantly slow down their pumping.

## Driving

Molecular propellers can be rotated by molecular motors that can be driven by chemical, biological, optical and electrical means, or various ratchet-like mechanisms. Nature realizes most biological activities with a large number of highly sophisticated molecular motors, such as myosin, kinesin, and ATP synthase. For example, rotary molecular motors attached to protein-based tails called flagella can propel bacteria.

## Applications

In a similar way, the assembly of a molecular propeller and a molecular motor can form a nanoscale machine that can pump fluids or perform locomotion. Future applications of these nanosystems range from novel analytical tools in physics and chemistry, drug delivery and gene therapy in biology and medicine, advanced nanofluidic lab-on-a-chip techniques, to tiny robots performing various activities at the nanoscale or microscale.
# K. D. K. Dharmawardena

K. D. K. Dharmawardena was a lyricist and broadcaster in Sri Lanka. He was born on 13 June 1944 and died on 6 November 2000. He was married to Samadara Kottage. The songs, "Kumariyaka Paa Salamba" by W.D. Amaradeva, "Kohe Sita Oba Peminiyado" by Victor Rathnayake and "Handana Pana Nala" by Sunil Edirisinghe are some of Dharmawardena's notable lyrical contributions.
# Thomas Nicol (anatomist)

Prof Thomas Nicol FRSE FRCS FRCSE (1900–1983) was a 20th-century Scottish anatomist. He is remembered for his research on Beta-estradiol. He was Professor of Anatomy at King's College, London from 1936 to 1967. He was affectionately known as Tommy Nicol.

## Life

He was born on 4 August 1900 the son of William Nicol and his wife, Mary Wilson Gilmour.
He studied Medicine at Glasgow University and graduated MB ChB in 1922. He then became senior house surgeon under Sir William Macewen at Glasgow Royal Infirmary. He concurrently worked as an anatomical Demonstrator at the university, and was promoted to Lecturer in 1927.
In 1933 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Thomas Hastie Bryce, David Waterston, Edward Provan Cathcart, and Sir John Graham Kerr.
In 1935 he received the Bellahouston Medal for his doctorate (MD) thesis. In 1936 he succeeded Prof Duncan M. Blair as Professor of Anatomy at King's College, London. In London he was also the John Hunter Lecturer at St George's Hospital and the Malcolm McHardy Lecturer at the Royal Eye Hospital.
He retired from surgery in 1967 but then became Director of the Institute of Laryngology and Otology, a post he held until 1982.
He died on 7 February 1983.

## Family

In 1927 he married Evelyn Bertha Keeling. She died of heart failure in 1966.
They had one son and one daughter.
# Necessary Noize

Necessary Noize was a Kenyan hip hop group.

## Origins and Original Members

It was originally composed of female MC/singer Nazizi Hirji, singer Kevin Wyre and rapper Bamzigi, though Bamzigi later left due to personal and label disputes. The group was formed in October 2000 and released their self-titled debut album in 2000 under Audio Vault Studios (now Blu Zebra). This contained the hits "Clang Clang," and "La Di Da."

## Growth

They steadily grew in popularity and were later to release a second album Necessary Noize II: Kenyan Gal, Kenyan Boy in 2004 which included popular regional hits such as "Kenyan Gal, Kenyan Boy" and "Bless My Room" . Although mainly hip hop based, the group also does some reggae and R&B tracks. They are appreciated for their socially conscious lyrics that deal with issues affecting youth such as AIDS, drugs and politics.

## Collaborations

Together with Ugandan ragga musician Bebe Cool, they have released music under the name East Africa Bashment Crew. The group is nominated at the inaugural (2008) MTV Africa Music Awards. Necessary Noize has also collaborated with the Tanzanian hip hop group Gangwe Mobb with "Tunajirusha" hit. Guests on their debut album include Mizchif from Zimbabwe, Jerry Doobiez of K-South and Nyota Ndogo.
Nazizi and Wyre have also done solo projects before and during the existence of the group.

## Awards

Won:
* 2004 Kisima Music Awards - Best Group & Best Music Video ("Kenyan Gal/Boy") and Best Ragga Group.
* 2004 Chaguo La Teeniez Awards
* 2006 Pearl of Africa Music Awards (PAM Awards) - Best Group (Kenya)
Nominated:
* 2005 Tanzania Music Awards - Best East African Album ("Necessary Noize II")
* 2006 Channel O Music Video Awards - Best reggae video ("Kenyan Gal/Boy")
* 2007 Pearl of Africa Music Awards - Best Kenyan Group.
# Veldt (disambiguation)

Veldt, or veld, is open rural landscape (grassland, shrubland) in southern Africa.
Veldt may also refer to:
* "The Veldt" (short story), a science fiction story by Ray Bradbury
** The Veldt (film), a 1987 Soviet film based on the story by Ray Bradbury
** "The Veldt" (song), a song by deadmau5, also based on the Bradbury story
* Part of the setting of Final Fantasy VI, a 1994 video game
* The Veldt (band), an American alternative group
* Veldt Township, Marshall County, Minnesota
* Lau Veldt (born 1953), Dutch track cyclist
* Tim Veldt (born 1984), Dutch track cyclist
* Veldt Philosophy, Smuts Holism Research Project
# Glacier Loss Day

Glacier Loss Day (GLD) marks the time of year when a glacier has lost all the ice and snow it gained the previous winter. GLD can serve as an indicator for glacier's state of "illness".

## Definition

The concept of the Glacier Loss Day was introduced 2022 by researchers Annelies Voordendag, Rainer Prinz, Lilian Schuster and Georg Kaser of the University of Innsbruck. They refer to GLD "as being the day in the hydrological year on which the mass accumulated during winter is lost, and the glacier loses mass irrecoverably for the rest of the mass balance year."

## Purpose

The Glacier Loss Day aims to raise awareness of the rapid loss of glaciers due to climate change. The concept is inspired by Earth Overshoot Day, the day when humanity's demand for renewable resources exceeds the Earth's supply and capacity to reproduce those resources that year.

## Method

The basis for determining the Glacier Loss Day is the continuous monitoring of a glacier, which has been technically possible for some years.
Austrian scientists use laser scanners to take daily measurements of a glacier's volume in the back of the Ötztal valley (Hintereisferner). In this way, it has been possible to precisely determine GLD for this glacier from 2020 on.
Hintereisferner :
| Year | Glacier Loss Day |
| 2022 | 23 June |
| 2021 | 11 August |
| 2020 | 11 August |
An early Glacier Loss Day means that the potential for further mass loss of a glacier is much higher. At Hintereisferner the low winter accumulation and the early start of the ablation season defined the early GLD and gave way to a long and extensive ice ablation period. Mass loss was therefore 5 times higher than in the 2 preceding years.

## Scope

So far, Hintereisferner is the only glacier for which GLD has been identified for several consecutive years. However, scientist are confident that with ongoing developments in modelling approaches and improvements in glaciological and geodetic measurements GLD can be studied for other glaciers soon. The GLD can be calculated not only for individual glaciers but also for a whole region, e.g. the Swiss Alps. A global GLD is not meaningful because of the different ablation periods in the northern and southern hemispheres.
# Shirlette Ammons

Shirlette Ammons is an American hip-hop artist from Durham, North Carolina. One of her most notable works is "Get Dressed" from Twilight For Gladys Bentley is in honor of 1920s Harlem Renaissance blues singer Gladys Bentley, who was lesbian.
# Tadeusz Wojciech Maklakiewicz

Tadeusz Wojciech Maklakiewicz, (20 October 1922, Mszczonów – 24 March 1996, Warsaw) was a Polish composer, music educator, activist and jurist.
Maklakiewicz came from a family of musical traditions, being his brothers John and Francis composers. He studied law at the Jagiellonian University between 1945 and 1949, and then musical composition under the direction of Tadeusz Szeligowski at the National Academy of Music in Warsaw between 1954 and 1958. He worked at the State Music Publishing House in Kraków, in the Office Live ARTOS, at the Central Clinic Amateur Artistic Movements (CPARA) in the 1950s, and in the 1960s at the Polish Radio in Warsaw. Member of the National Council of PRON in 1983.
He taught and worked at the State Higher School of Music in Warsaw for 40 years. He was administrative director, dean, head of the Department of Music Education, pro-rector and rector (1975-1978). He developed his pedagogical work at the Department of Music Education. He taught the following theoretical subjects: counterpoint, harmony and propaedeutics of composition.
He carried out extensive social activities. He was president and vice-president of ZAiKS (1968-1971 and 1993-1996), chairman of the music section of the Council for Higher Artistic Education, general secretary of the Board of the Polish Association of Choirs and Orchestras. Member of the presidium of the Association Européenne des Conservatoires, vice-chairman of the board of the Polish section of the Société Européenne de Culture. From 1988 to 1990 member of the Council for the Protection of Remembrance of Struggle and Martyrdom.
He was chairman of the jury of the Soldier Song Festival in Kolobrzeg, juror of the International Song Festival in Sopot and the Soviet Song Festival in Zielona Gora.
His compositional output includes works for vocal voices and for choir. He is the author of the "Highland Mass" and the "Kurpie Suite" performed by most Polish choirs. He also worked on arrangements of patriotic songs and carols for vocal ensembles.
He is buried in the Powązki Cemetery in Warsaw (klin-4-5).
# Antônio Austregésilo

Antônio Austregésilo (April 21, 1876 – December 23, 1960), was a Brazilian neurologist important to the history of the field in his nation.
Austregésilo was born in Pernambuco. He helped build the first neurological school in Rio de Janeiro. He was a member of the Academia Brasileira de Letras and a President of the Academia Nacional de Medicina.
He was federal deputy for Pernambuco from 1921 to 1930.
# Earle Drope

Robert Earle Drope (14 October 1898 – 7 October 1969) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Harwood, Ontario and became a farmer and manager by career.
Drope served in the military during World War I, attaining the rank of major. Later, he was a municipal councillor for Hamilton Township for five years. He also managed the Harwood Cooperative Creamery.
He was first elected to Parliament at the Northumberland riding in the 1945 general election, serving one term in office until his defeat in 1949 by Frederick Robertson of the Liberal party.
# Emilie Trouche

Emilie Trouche (born 17 August 1985) is a French former professional tennis player.
Trouche made her only WTA Tour main draw appearance at the 2003 SEAT Open, partnering Russian Vera Dushevina in the doubles. But the First Round lost French Émilie Loit and Australian Nicole Pratt.

## ITF finals

* Legend
* $10,000 tournaments

### Doubles: 2 (2–0)

| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Winner | 1. | 28 September 2003 | Murcia, Spain | Clay | Delphine De Winne | Chen Yanchong Gao Quan | 7–6$^{(8)}$, 6–2 |
| Winner | 2. | 30 August 2004 | Mollerussa, Spain | Hard | Karina Jacobsgaard | Sabine Lisicki Nelly Maillard | w/o |
# BK Tåg

BK Tåg AB, trading as BK Tåg, is a former Swedish railway company. It operated passenger trains on public service obligation with various counties and the ministry. Owned by Karlsongruppen, it filed for bankruptcy in March 2005.
# Sonja McCaskie

Sonja McCaskie (19 February 1939 – 5 April 1963) was a British alpine skier who participated in the 1960 Winter Olympics. McCaskie lived in Reno, Nevada, with her son and worked at a nearby ski resort as an instructor prior to her death in 1963.

## Murder

A neighbor who was babysitting initially called the police to check on McCaskie after she failed to pick up her son. Police found McCaskie strangled, raped, and dismembered in her 2640 Yori Avenue apartment on Friday 5 April 1963. She had been murdered by Thomas Lee Bean, an 18-year-old high school student who attended nearby Wooster High School. Bean was sentenced to death in the Nevada gas chamber for the murder, but was taken off death row in 1970. He remains incarcerated in Northern Nevada Correctional Center and is the longest-serving inmate in the Nevada Department of Corrections.
The murder was sensationalized in the September 8, 1963 issue (25-31 August early sports edition) of the National Enquirer with the frontpage headline (and a grisly photo) as: "I CUT OUT HER HEART & STOMPED ON IT".
* 8 Sept. 1963 National Enquirer
# William Swan (physicist)

William Swan FRSE PRSSA (13 March 1818 in Edinburgh – 1 March 1894 in Shandon, Argyll) was a Scottish mathematician and physicist best known for his 1856 discovery of the Swan band.

## Life

He was born in Edinburgh the only child of David Swan, engineer, and his wife, Janet Smith. Janet was the daughter of Thomas Smith, lighthouse engineer. Her sister was married to the famous lighthouse engineer, Robert Stevenson. He was privately educated at home, 7 Union Street, and appears to have been both lonely and unhappy. His father died in 1821 when he was only three. His mother took in lodgers to make ends meet, including at one point Thomas Carlyle. William's only childhood friend is said to have been his cousin, Thomas Stevenson (father of Robert Louis Stevenson).
At 17 he was sent to Edinburgh University to study divinity. He "came out" during the Disruption of 1843 and became an active member of the Free Church, teaching mathematics and physics at the Free Church Normal School. From there he move to teach the same subjects at the Scottish Naval and Military Academy in Edinburgh.
In 1848 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh his proposer being Philip Kelland. He served as Secretary to the society 1858-59. In the 1850s "William Swan, teacher of mathematics" was living at 4 Duke Street in the New Town, renamed Dublin Street in the 1920s.
In 1856, Swan applied to join the faculty at Marischal College, but was passed over in favor of James Clerk Maxwell. Swan subsequently joined the Scottish Naval and Military Academy, where in 1857 he demonstrated that Fraunhofer's D-line in the spectrum of the Sun was caused by the presence of sodium; in this respect, he is sometimes credited as having inspired Gustav Kirchhoff's research into the same issue.
In 1859, he joined the faculty of Saint Andrews University, where he was a professor of natural philosophy until 1880.
He was awarded two honorary doctorates (LLD): firstly from Edinburgh University in 1869, secondly from St Andrews University in 1886.
He died of heart disease at his wife's country house of Ardchapel in Shandon in western Scotland.
He is buried with his wife Georgina (who pre-deceased him) in Warriston Cemetery in northern Edinburgh. The grave lies in the narrow walled area between the main cemetery and the Water of Leith Walkway (in the south-east corner of the main cemetery.

## Recognition

In 1843, the Royal Scottish Society of the Arts awarded Swan a gold medal for his scientific achievements. He served as their President 1882–1885.

## Family

In 1859 he married Georgina Frances Downie (née Cullen) (1809–1882). They had no children.
# Javier Macaya

Javier Ignacio Macaya Danus (born 11 November 1978) is a Chilean lawyer and politician of the Independent Democratic Union party.
Since 2020, he is the president of his party.
# Tsamantas

Tsamantas (Greek: Τσαμαντάς) is a village located in Epirus. Tsamantas lies near to the border with Albania in northern Greece, in the regional unit of Thesprotia. Indeed, the Albanian border is very clearly visible from the high lofts that are Tsamantas, the highest mountain in the region.
Due to 'chain migration', many descendants of the inhabitants of Tsamantas now live in Worcester, Massachusetts, or in Melbourne, Australia, with a few others in Athens, Thessaloniki and other locales.

## Nearest places

* Filiates
* Vavouri
* Leshnica e Poshtme
* Leshnica e Sipërme
# Igor Shevchenko

Igor Vadimovich Shevchenko (Russian: Игорь Вадимович Шевченко; born 2 February 1985) is a Russian former footballer. He played as a left midfielder.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 13 May 2018
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Krylia Sovetov Samara | 2001 | Russian Premier League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Krylia Sovetov Samara | 2002 | Russian Premier League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0 |
| Krylia Sovetov Samara | 2003 | Russian Premier League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Krylia Sovetov Samara | 2004 | Russian Premier League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Fakel Voronezh | 2004 | PFL | 13 | 5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 13 | 5 |
| Krylia Sovetov Samara | 2005 | Russian Premier League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Krylia Sovetov Samara | 2006 | Russian Premier League | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 7 | 0 |
| Anzhi Makhachkala | 2006 | FNL | 13 | 4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 13 | 4 |
| Krylia Sovetov Samara | 2007 | Russian Premier League | 14 | 1 | 5 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 19 | 1 |
| Krylia Sovetov Samara | Total (3 spells) | Total (3 spells) | 20 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 1 |
| Luch-Energiya Vladivostok | 2008 | Russian Premier League | 25 | 5 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 25 | 5 |
| Terek Grozny | 2009 | Russian Premier League | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 9 | 0 |
| Kuban Krasnodar | 2009 | Russian Premier League | 10 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 10 | 1 |
| Sibir Novosibirsk | 2010 | Russian Premier League | 19 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | – | – | 24 | 7 |
| Zhemchuzhina Sochi | 2011–12 | FNL | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 14 | 1 |
| Yenisey Krasnoyarsk | 2011–12 | FNL | 13 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 13 | 1 |
| Sibir Novosibirsk | 2012–13 | FNL | 32 | 4 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 33 | 4 |
| Sibir Novosibirsk | Total (2 spells) | Total (2 spells) | 51 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 57 | 11 |
| Torpedo Moscow | 2013–14 | FNL | 29 | 8 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 2 | 0 | 31 | 8 |
| Torpedo Moscow | 2014–15 | Russian Premier League | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 15 | 0 |
| Torpedo Moscow | Total | Total | 43 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 46 | 8 |
| Ufa | 2014–15 | Russian Premier League | 11 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 11 | 1 |
| Arsenal Tula | 2015–16 | FNL | 14 | 4 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 14 | 4 |
| Arsenal Tula | 2016–17 | Russian Premier League | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 2 | 1 | 20 | 2 |
| Arsenal Tula | 2017–18 | Russian Premier League | 18 | 1 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 19 | 1 |
| Arsenal Tula | Total | Total | 50 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 53 | 7 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 270 | 41 | 14 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 291 | 45 |