OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sylvestre Radegonde

Louis Sylvestre Radegonde (born 16 March 1956) is a Seychellois diplomat and politician. He serves as the Minister for Foreign Affairs and Tourism since 3 November 2020. Prior to his appointment as Minister, Radegonde had served as high commissioner and ambassador to a multitude of countries.

## Biography

Radegonde started his diplomatic career in 1976. He served as High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, Malaysia and Ambassador to Belgium. In 2005, Radegonde joined the office of President, and became CEO of the Tourist Office. In 2007, he started to work for the DHL Clinical Trials Logistics.
In 2017, Radegonde was appointed Ambassador to France. In 2018, he was also appointed as non-resident Ambassador to Monaco, and in 2019 appointed non-resident Ambassador to Russia as well.
On 3 November 2020, it was announced that Radegonde was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs and Tourism, and will be sworn in after his COVID-19 quarantine.
# Pendock Church

Pendock Church is a redundant Anglican church standing to the southeast of the hamlet of Sledge Green in the parish of Pendock, Worcestershire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. It stands in an isolated position overlooking and to the north of the M50 motorway. To its north are the earthworks of a former medieval village.

## History

The church dates from the 12th century. Alterations and additions were made to it in the 14th century, and again in the 15th century when the west tower was built. The church was vested in the Churches Conservation Trust on 1 November 1987.

## Architecture
### Exterior

It is constructed in sandstone rubble and has a tiled roof. Its plan consists of a two-bay nave with a north porch, a chancel with a roof at a lower level than the nave, a vestry to the north of the chancel, and a west tower. The nave measures 37 feet (11.3 m) by 18 feet (5.5 m), and the chancel 18 feet (5.5 m) by 12 feet (3.7 m). The tower is in three stages. In its lowest stage are diagonal buttresses, and a two-light west window; in the stage above is a thin rectangular window. The upper stage contains a two-light louvred bell opening on each side, and at the top is a parapet behind which is a pyramidal roof. The porch is timber-framed and the round-headed inner doorway is decorated with carvings, including chevrons. Also in the north wall of the nave is a two-light window under a pointed head. The south wall of the nave has two two-light windows between which is another round-headed doorway that is plain rather than decorated with carving. The south and east walls of the chancel each have a two-light window.

### Interior

The nave and chancel ceilings are plastered. Above and to the left of the chancel arch are fragments of wall painting. In the chancel is a piscina with a triangular head. The communion rails dated from the 17th century and have turned balusters, and the pews contain linenfold panels. There are boards in the nave painted with the Lord's Prayer and the Creed. Under the tower are tiles with the Ten Commandments and the names of the churchwardens of 1851. The font dates from the 10th century; it is plain and simple, with a circular bowl on a circular base. The organ is a chamber organ of unknown date that was restored in 1978 by Nicholson & Co of Worcester. It is thought that Sir Edward Elgar may have played this organ. There is a ring of four bells. The oldest is dated 1686 by an unknown maker; there are two bells by Abel Rudhall, one cast in 1745 and 1753, and the fourth, originally of 1745 was recast in 1908 by H. Bond of Burford. The church plate includes a paten and flagon dated 1740, a bread knife with a silver handle of 1750, and a cup dated 1766.
# Samuel Cole (politician)

Samuel Cole (December 15, 1856 – July 6, 1935) was an American politician who served as mayor of Beverly, Massachusetts, and was a member of the Massachusetts General Court and the Massachusetts Governor's Council.

## Early life

Cole was born on December 15, 1856, in Rutland, Vermont. His family moved to Beverly during his youth. Outside of politics, Cole worked as a market gardner.

## Political career

From 1882 to 1894 Cole was a member of the Beverly School Committee. From 1895 to 1896 he served as president of the city's common council. From 1897 to 1899 he was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. From 1901 to 1902 he was Mayor of Beverly. From 1903 to 1904 he represented the Second Essex District in the Massachusetts Senate. From 1908 to 1909 he represented the 5th District on the Massachusetts Governor's Council.

## Death

Cole died on July 6, 1935.
# Pavel Drsek

Pavel Drsek (born 22 September 1976) is a former Czech footballer who played as a defender. Having begun his professional career in 1993, he has played for several clubs in the Czech Republic, for MSV Duisburg and VfL Bochum in Germany, and for Panionios F.C. in Greece.
# Sabine Volz

Sabine Volz (born 12 July 1990) is a German canoeist. She began paddling when she was 6 years old in Raunheim, Germany. Volz is part of the Rheinbruder Karlsruhe club. In 2019, she was on Ninja Warrior Germany.
# FF.C

FF.C (Fortified Concept) were a Greek hip hop group that was active from 1987 to 2005. FF.C fused hip hop with rock.

## History

The group was formed in 1987. Dimitris Petsoukis was experimenting with his synthesizer when in 1987 he met Kostas Kourmentalas via breakdancing and their mutual love for hip hop. FF.C was formed with DJ Mix Mad. Influenced by American hip hop, FF.C initially stood for "Funky Fresh Concept". They adopted the stage names of High Cool (Petsoukis) and Fresh Cool G (Kourmentalas) while the majority of their raps were in Greek. Thodoris Maggos (Free Jah Present) and Thomas Putikakis (DJ Everlast) soon joined the group.
Horizon Studio was used for their recordings. In 1993 they released their debut album using their own funds because at that time the Greek music industry didn't recognize the hip hop sound as commercially viable. The album was named Skliri Keri (Hard Times) and was pressed on 200 vinyl copies. By that time the FF.C acronym got a new meaning, "Fight Fashion Captivity". On this album Dimitris Petsoukis rapped while most of the lyrics were provided by Kostas Kourmentalas. Thodoris Maggos and DJ Mix Mad left the group after its release, while Thodoris Sartetzakis (Sparky T) joined in.
FF.C continued recording but soon realized that they had to drop their American influences and start to rap only in Greek. Petsoukis and Kourmentalas chose new stage names of Skinothetis and Rythmodamastis respectively, and the group was renamed to "FortiFied Concept". They got the industry's recognition thanks to major labels starting to approach hip hop artists. Thodoris Sartetzakis sent a 20-track demo to Polydor Records, and they managed to get a record deal with the label, in which they released four albums: S'alli diastasi (1997; Thodoris Sartetzakis left the group after its release), I Apili (1998), Ohiromeni Antilipsi (2000) and Ip' Opsin (2002).
Because of their track "Paramythi" being censored by the label, and not being included in the record Ip' Opsin, they left the label soon after its release. They then decided to release their material independently, which led them to Hxotron Productions, where they released their final two albums, Klassika Ixografimena (2004) and Antilipsies Suneidhshs (2005). After that, the group disbanded due to Kostas Kourmentalas' retirement from the music scene.
They have cited Public Enemy as their main influence.

## Discography

* Σκληροί Καιροί - Skliroi Kairoi, Hard Times (Independent Production, 1993)
* Σ'άλλη Διάσταση - S'alli Diastasi, In Another Dimension (Polydor, 1997)
* Η Απειλή - I Apeili, The Threat (Polydor, 1998)
* Οχυρωμένη Αντίληψη - Ohiromeni Antilipsi, Fortified Concept (Polydor, 2000)
* Υπ'όψιν - Ip' Opsin, Keep in Mind (Polydor, 2002)
* Κλασσικά Ηχογραφημένα - Klassika Ihografimena, Classic Recorded (Ήχοτρον, 2004)
* Αντιληψίες Συνείδησης - Antilipsies Syneidisis, Concepts of Consciousness (Ήχοτρον, 2005)
# Emma Kearney (actress)

Emma Kearney (born 1981) is a Northern Irish film, television and theatre actress. She is best known for her roles in British television series such as her recurring role as Rita Brannigan in soap opera Emmerdale and the sitcom The Gemma Factor.

## Career
### Television

Kearney has made guest appearances on many British television series. Her first role was in Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks in 2003. In 2006, Emma landed a recurring role as Rita Brannigan on Emmerdale as Paddy's love interest. In 2010, she had a lead role in BBC Three sitcom The Gemma Factor. Emma also appeared on the made-for-television films Omagh and The Baby War.
On 9 December 2010 she appeared as a midwife on the live episode of ITV1 soap opera Coronation Street, which was her second appearance on the show, and her first being back in 2004. Emma's other acting credits include Where the Heart Is, Shameless, Spooks: Code 9, and Doctors.

### Theatre

Kearney trained at Manchester Metropolitan Capitol School of Theatre and has appeared in several theatre productions throughout her acting career.
Between 2001 and 2003 she starred in productions at the Capitol Theatre in Manchester including Love's Labour's Lost, The Cherry Orchard, The Provok'd Wife, The Taming of the Shrew, and Dancing at Lughnasa.
In 2003, she appeared in Translations at the Library Theatre. She appeared in three plays in 2006, the first was Separate Tables at the Royal Exchange Theatre, and the others, The Mortal Ash, and Midden at the Oldham Coliseum Theatre. In 2009, she appeared in the touring play Pack of Lies at the Devonshire Park Theatre.

## Filmography

Television :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2003 | Hollyoaks | Nurse | |
| 2004 | Donovan | Dental Receptionist | |
| 2004 | Omagh | TV Receptionist | TV movie |
| 2004 | Coronation Street | Midwife | |
| 2004 | Outlaws | Prostitute | 1 episode: Damaged Goods |
| 2004 | The Courtroom | Sarah Wright | 1 episode: Balloon Rage |
| 2004 | I Deal | Jackie | |
| 2005 | The Baby War | Receptionist | TV movie |
| 2005 | Ideal | Jackie | 1 episode: The Party |
| 2005 | Where the Heart Is | Jennifer | 1 episode: Stamp of Approval |
| 2005 | Northern Lights | Kim Ashby | |
| 2005 | Nice House, Shame About the Garden | Herself/Landscape Team | |
| 2006 | Shameless | Reporter | 1 episode: #3.1 |
| 2006 | Goldplated | Hospital Manager | 2 episodes: The Funeral, Lauren's Affair |
| 2007 | Emmerdale | Rita Brannigan | recurring role |
| 2007 | Torn Up Tales | Bev | |
| 2008 | Spooks: Code 9 | Police Officer Interviewee | |
| 2008 | Wired | Linda Greeves | |
| 2010 | The Gemma Factor | Janet Grantham | main character |
| 2010 | Doctors | Pat Jameson | 1 episode: Best Laid Plans |
| 2010 | Coronation Street | Midwife | live episode dated Thursday 9 December 2010 |
| 2012 | Mr. Bhatti on Chutti | Alice | First role in Bollywood movie |
# Sharqabad

Sharqabad (Persian: شرق اباد, also Romanized as Sharqābād) is a village in Aliabad-e Malek Rural District, in the Central District of Arsanjan County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 629, in 151 families.
# Jozef Töre

Jozef Töre (born 18 June 1933, date of death unknown) was a Slovak boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics. Töre is deceased.
# Alma-Arasan

Alma-Arasan (Kazakh: Алма-Арасан) is a mountain gorge located in the south-west of Almaty. Located at an altitude of 1780 m on the northern slope of the Trans-Ili Alatau. The Prokhodnaya River, a tributary of the Big Almaty [ru], flows along the gorge.

## Description

It is characterized by a mountain-meadow landscape and a rugged relief. Granites and granodiorites are widespread. In the vicinity of the gorge, there is a spruce forest, a variety of herbs and shrubs (raspberries, honeysuckle, wild rose, hawthorn). The climate in the gorge is mountainous, there are many cloudless days. The left tributary of the Bolshaya Almatinka, the Prokhodnaya River, flows through the gorge. The well-known Alma-Arasan thermal-radon sulfur springs come to the surface in the gorge. On the slopes of the Prokhodnaya River in 1931, 16 springs were recorded, on the basis of which the balneological resort Alma-Arasan was founded in the same year. In recent years, most of the sources have disappeared.
As of July 2016, the Almarasan gorge is inaccessible from the bottom, the bridge on the trail along the river has been washed away, the trail through the former Almarasan sanatorium is blocked by a private territory guarded by men with machine guns. The private territory stretches for several tens of hectares, is surrounded by a fence and captures the entire area of the slope from the river cliff to the rocks.

## Name

The name of the gorge comes from the words of the Kazakh language, which means Alma - an apple and Arasan - a warm spring, since in this mountainous area from ancient times warm springs wedged out to the surface and wild apple trees grew.

## Threat to the environment

In the 1990s, the famous Alma-Arasan sanatorium located in the gorge was privatized, through the adjacent territory of which a public tourist route (trail) to Issyk-Kul Lake passed. In 2007, under the pretext of the reconstruction of the sanatorium, areas of the gorge around the sanatorium, including the trail to Issyk-Kul not related to the sanatorium, were blocked (closed) with a high fence with barbed wire and guards were posted. It was reported that in 2010 the reconstruction will be completed, but after the renovation, the sanatorium did not open its doors to visitors and tourists. The public area around the sanatorium is still inaccessible to vacationers and is a closed private recreation area.
In September 2011, the demolition of 26 catering structures in the Alma-Arasan gorge took place by the order of the local government, for them having been built and operated without the required permits.
# The Accidental Admiral

The Accidental Admiral: A Sailor Takes Command at NATO is a 2014 memoir by James G. Stavridis, a retired four-star admiral in the United States Navy. In this work he recounts his experiences as NATO's 16th Supreme Allied Commander Europe from June 2009 to May 2013 as well as his insights regarding leadership and the future of global security.

## Content

In this "memoir of leadership and life lessons," Admiral Stavridis describes the challenges he faced as the most senior leader of NATO, including the complicated operations in Afghanistan, "military intervention in Libya, preparing for possible war in Syria, countering cyber-threats, and confronting piracy."
He advocates for the use of "smart power," the combination of hard and soft power, to achieve international security in the twenty-first century. He explains that building bridges and connections among different global players is important in modern-day international politics.
Stavridis writes chapters on Libya, Israel, Syria, the Balkans, and Russia In each chapter, he contextualizes the problems these nations or regions face. He describes his involvement in these areas as well as personal anecdotes about interacting with foreign leaders during his time as Supreme Allied Commander.
In the final part of his book, Stavridis discusses the values that inform his leadership. With aphorisms like "speak with simplicity and precision," he guides readers on how to be an effective leader in any situation.

## Title

The title of Stavridis' book refers to the fact that he was the first admiral to serve as Supreme Allied Commander of NATO, a position which is typically led by generals. He uses this "accidental" event to discuss other unexpected experiences that influenced his life. "Plans don't work," Stavridis says in segment for Pritzker Military Presents, "I think all of our lives are somewhat accidental."
One such accidental experience occurred when Stavridis nearly decided to leave the U.S. Navy after he had fulfilled his active duty requirement, a choice that surely would have shaped his life differently.

## Reception

Former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates had positive remarks on the book. He calls Stavridis "one of the most forward-thinking military officers and enlightened leaders of his generation" and states that The Accidental Admiral gives readers a window into what it is like to wrestle with the toughest 21st century problems of strategy and diplomacy.”
The Accidental Admiral was featured as a Reader's Pick on the website for the Christian Science Monitor.
In his review, Ryan Evans praises Stavridis' neutral writing about controversial global events. Evans writes: "Stavridis, perhaps the ultimate warrior-scholar of his generation, offers his views on contentious events candidly, but does not let himself get bogged down in score-settling and vitriol."
In his review for the Naval Historical Foundation, Stephen Phillips writes that Stavridis' works "should be in every naval officer’s collection."
# Arnold Lindeen

Arnold Lindeen (May 9, 1910 – January 1, 1990) was an American politician who served in the Iowa House of Representatives from the 83rd district from 1975 to 1979.
# Shastegan

Shastegan (Persian: شصتگان, also Romanized as Shaştegān; also known as Shastakān and Shastekān) is a village in Kushk-e Qazi Rural District, in the Central District of Fasa County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 241, in 60 families.
# Duster (Duster album)

Duster, known colloquially as Cat Album, is the third studio album by American rock band Duster. The album was released December 13, 2019 by Muddguts Records in the United States; the first Duster album to not be released under the Up Records label. Duster was also the first studio album released by the band in 19 years since the release of Contemporary Movement in 2000.
On April 13, 2018, Duster posted via their Instagram page that they were "recording a little bit". Later it was announced that the band's discography would be reissued as the box set Capsule Losing Contact through The Numero Group, which was released on March 22, 2019. On July 4, 2019, the band released their first standalone single in almost 20 years "Interstellar Tunnel" (the track was not included on Duster), and subsequently announced their third self-titled studio album, which was released on December 13 that year.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 85/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Pitchfork Media | 7.4/10 |
Upon its release, Duster received positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from critics, the album received an average score of 85, which indicates "universal acclaim", based on six reviews. AllMusic critic Tim Sendra praised the band for its ability to deliver quality music after such an extended hiatus: "At a time when almost every band ever has reunited to make disappointing, derivative music, Duster have come back to make their most sonically challenging and emotionally invested record yet".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Clay Parton, Dove Amber, Jason Albertini
# Aquaforte

Aquaforte is a town on the south shore of Newfoundland's Avalon Peninsula in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
The town's economy has always rested primarily on fishing. The harbour has been used as a seasonal fishing station since the 1670s. British and French hostilities played out in harbors all along the Avalon Peninsula in the 18th century, and Aquaforte was no exception. However, the first permanent residents did not settle in Aquaforte until the early 1800s. It is located 4 miles (6.4 km) from Ferryland and 40 miles (64 km) from St. John's by water. It has one of the safest harbors in the island and cod was its main industry. In 1902 a resident from Norway, Anders Ellefsen, constructed a factory to process whales in the community. The plant operated for a few years but had to shut down around 1908 because of a decline in the whale population. It was incorporated as a community in 1972.
The Aquaforte post office's postal code, A0A 1A0, is the lowest (alphabetically and numerically first) of any central office in Canada.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Aquaforte had a population of 74 living in 43 of its 63 total private dwellings, a change of -7.5% from its 2016 population of 80. With a land area of 6.88 km$^2$ (2.66 sq mi), it had a population density of 10.8/km$^2$ (27.9/sq mi) in 2021.
| Census | Population |
| 1836 | 125 |
| 1869 | 213 |
| 1891 | 172 |
| 1921 | 233 |
| 1996 | 172 |
| 2001 | 133 |
| 2006 | 103 |
| 2011 | 83 |
| 2016 | 80 |
# Crystal monochromator

A crystal monochromator is a device in neutron and X-ray optics to select a defined wavelength of the radiation for further purpose on a dedicated instrument or beamline. It operates through the diffraction process according to Bragg's law.
Similar devices are called crystal analyzer for the examination of scattered radiation.

## Crystal Monochromator

A crystal monochromator is an optical device used in X-ray and neutron spectroscopy to isolate a specific wavelength or a narrow range of wavelengths from a broader spectrum of radiation. It operates based on the principle of diffraction through a crystalline structure, governed by Bragg's Law. Crystal monochromators are integral to applications in materials science, structural biology, and high-energy physics.

## Principles of Operation

Crystal monochromators utilize the atomic lattice structure of a crystal to diffract incident radiation at specific angles. The diffraction condition is defined by Bragg’s Law: nλ=2dsinθ Where:
* n: Order of diffraction,
* λ: Wavelength of the incident radiation,
* d: Spacing between atomic planes in the crystal,
* θ: Angle of incidence.
By adjusting the angle of the crystal, the monochromator selectively allows radiation of a desired wavelength to pass while filtering out others.

## Materials

Commonly used materials for crystal monochromators include:
* Silicon (Si): Offers high purity and stability, ideal for synchrotron radiation.
* Germanium (Ge): Suitable for specific wavelength ranges due to its lattice properties.
* Quartz: Used for its thermal stability in certain applications.
These materials are chosen for their well-defined crystal lattice structures and their ability to withstand the operational environment.

## Configurations

Crystal monochromators can be designed in various configurations:
* Flat Crystal Monochromators: Use a single, flat crystal to diffract radiation. They are simple and commonly employed in laboratory X-ray setups.
* Double-Crystal Monochromators: Consist of two crystals aligned to improve wavelength purity and minimize beam divergence.
* Bent Crystal Monochromators: Use curved crystals to focus the diffracted beam, enhancing intensity and resolution.

## Applications

Crystal monochromators are widely used in scientific and industrial research:
* X-ray Diffraction (XRD): To study the atomic and molecular structure of materials.
* Synchrotron Beamlines: For producing monochromatic X-rays in synchrotron radiation facilities.
* Neutron Scattering: To isolate specific neutron wavelengths for scattering experiments.
* Spectroscopy: In high-resolution X-ray and neutron spectrometers to filter out unwanted wavelengths.