OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Erer (Somali woreda)

Erer (not to be confused with the Erer zone) is a woreda in Somali Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Shinile Zone, Erer is bordered on the south by Dire Dawa and Oromia Region, on the southwest by Afdem, on the northwest by the Afar Region, and on the east by Shinile.
Towns in Erer include Asibuli, Ayidora, Erer, and Hurso. The average elevation in this woreda is 824 meters above sea level. As of 2008, Erer has neither all-weather gravel roads nor community roads; about 16.51% of the total population has access to drinking water. Notable landmarks include Erer Gota, a rural estate created in 1923 for Ras Tafari by the Italian agronomist Pastorelli, which featured fruit trees and tropical plants. According to Richard Pankhurst, by 1929 the estate boasted "200,000 fruit trees, mainly oranges and tangerines, 60,000 coffee trees and 100,000 [grape] vines had been planted on an area of 80 hectares." The track of the Addis Ababa - Djibouti Railway crosses the southern part of this woreda along the lower slopes of the Amhar mountains.

## Demographics

Based on 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency, the woreda had a total population of 100,556, of whom 53,198 are men and 47,358 women. While 17,039 are urban inhabitants, a further 83,517 were pastoralists. Also, the woreda has a reported total population of 77,628, of whom 42,461 are men and 35,167 women. While 12,657 or 16.31% are urban inhabitants, a further 45,766 or 58.96% are pastoralists. 97.79% of the population said they were Muslim, and 1.3% said they practiced Orthodox Christian. This woreda is inhabited primarily inhabited by the Gurgura.
The 1997 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 77,960, of whom 42,247 were men and 35,713 were women; 10,637 or 13.64% of its population were urban dwellers. (This total also includes an estimate for the inhabitants of 10 rural kebeles, which were not counted; they were estimated to have 4650 inhabitants, of whom 2630 were men and 2020 women.) The largest ethnic group reported in Erer was the Somali.

## Agriculture

As part of a sample enumeration performed by the Central Statistical Agency, in 2001 it had interviewed a total of 2870 farmers in the woreda, who held an average of 0.4 hectares of land. Of the 1143 hectares of private land surveyed, 85.47% was under cultivation, 1.92% pasture, 7.7% fallow, and 4.81% was devoted to other uses; the percentage in woodland was missing. For the land surveyed in this woreda, 57.13% is planted in cereals like teff, sorghum and maize, 1.66% in root crops and 1.14% in vegetables; the number for pulses is missing. Permanent crops included 80 hectares planted in khat, 121 in coffee, and 198.52 in fruit trees. 64.63% of the farmers both raise crops and livestock, while 9.02% only grow crops and 26.34% only raise livestock. Land tenure in this woreda is distributed amongst 93.77% own their land, 2.22% rent, and the remaining 4.01% held their land under other forms of tenure.
# Franz Ferenczy

Franz Ferenczy (also Franz Friedemann) (1835 – 27 February 1881, Weimar) was a nineteenth-century German tenor who had a prolific opera career in Europe between 1859 and 1880. Possessing a powerful voice with a wide vocal range, Ferenczy particularly excelled in the operas of Giacomo Meyerbeer and Richard Wagner. He is best remembered today for originating the role of Samson in the world premiere of Camille Saint-Saëns's Samson et Dalila in 1877. His brother, José Ferenczy (1852–1908), was also a successful operatic tenor.

## Biography

Born Franz Friedemann, Ferenczy studied singing at the Milan Conservatory under renowned teacher Francesco Lamperti from 1853 to 1854. He continued to study further in Vienna from 1855 to 1858 before making his professional opera debut in 1859 under the name Franz Ferenczy as Manrico in Verdi's Il trovatore at the opera house in Graz. He appeared in several smaller regional houses for the next three years and then joined the Berlin State Opera in 1862. While in Berlin he became acquainted with lauded opera composer Giacomo Meyerbeer who became a fan of his singing.
In 1863, Ferenczy made an extensive tour throughout Germany, Russia, and England appearing at most of those countries major opera houses, including the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London, the Hamburg State Opera in Germany, and the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow among many others. He joined the Vienna State Opera in 1864 where he sang leading tenor roles through 1868. Between 1868 and 1871 he appeared in numerous operas throughout Europe, including performances in Milan, Barcelona, London, Hamburg, Berlin, and Karlsruhe.
In 1871, Ferenczy joined the roster at the Grossherzogliches Theater (now the Staatskapelle Weimar) making his debut as Lyonel in Flotow's Martha. He continued to sing roles with that opera company up through the winter of 1880, only a few months before his death in 1881. He most notably portrayed the role of Samson in the world premiere of Camille Saint-Saëns's Samson et Dalila on 2 December 1877 under the direction of Eduard Lassen. He also toured frequently with the company for opera performances in Sweden and Norway.

## Repertoire

Ferenczy spent much of his career singing French grand opera and German Romantic opera, particularly in operas by Meyerbeer and Richard Wagner, although his repertoire also encompassed a handful of bel canto roles and Verdi roles. Among the many Meyerbeer roles he portrayed are both Jean de Leyde and Jonas in Le prophète, Raoul de Nangis in Les Huguenots, and Vasco da Gama in L'Africaine among others. His Wagner roles included Loge in Das Rheingold, the title role in Lohengrin, Siegmund in Die Walküre, and the title role in Tannhäuser. Ferenczy was also admired for his performances of Adolar in Carl Maria von Weber's Euryanthe, Arnoldo in Rossini's William Tell, Eleazar in Fromental Halévy's La Juive, and Manrico in Verdi's Il Trovatore.
# Dallas Pedestrian Network

The Dallas Pedestrian Network or Dallas Pedway is a system of grade-separated walkways covering thirty-six city blocks of Downtown Dallas, Texas, United States. The system connects buildings, garages and parks through tunnels and above-ground skybridges. The network contains an underground city of shops, restaurants and offices during weekday business hours.
The underground network was the idea of Montreal urban planner Vincent Ponte, who was also responsible for Montreal's Underground City.

## Connected to the Dallas Pedestrian Network

Hotels:
* Sheraton Dallas Hotel
* Fairmont Hotel
* Dallas Marriott Downtown
* Hotel Indigo
* Crowne Plaza Dallas Downtown
* Westin
* Cambria Dallas Downtown (Tower Petroleum Building)
Office Buildings:
* Comerica Bank Tower
* Chase Tower
* 1700 Pacific
* Bank of America Plaza
* Renaissance Tower
* Fountain Place
* Plaza of the Americas
* Bryan Tower
* KPMG Centre
* Patriot Tower
* Energy Plaza
* Ross Tower
* One Main Place
* Republic Center
* Pacific Place
* 1600 Pacific Tower
* The Drever
Parks
* Cancer Survivors Plaza
* Thanks-Giving Square
Residential Buildings
* Titche-Goettinger Building
* Gables Republic
* 1900 Pacific Residences (Corrigan Tower)
* 1505 Elm
Other
* First Baptist Church
* Universities Center at Dallas
* Majestic Garage
* Elm Street Garage
* Metropolitan Garage

## Changing attitudes

In 2005, then-mayor Laura Miller told the New York Times the system of tunnels was "the worst urban planning decision that Dallas has ever made ... if I could take a cement mixer and pour cement in and clog up the tunnels, I would do it today".
The Dallas Pedestrian Network is targeted for de-emphasis by the Downtown Dallas 360 initiative, in an effort to bring more focus on street-level activity. While initial plans had called for a more direct shutdown, a report in April 2012 concluded that a series of measures discouraging further growth or unnecessary maintenance of the system were all that were called for; Downtown Dallas Inc. CEO John Crawford concluded, "[The underground tunnels] aren't much of an issue anymore."
# Marie-Cécile Morice

Marie-Cécile Morice (9 July 1947 – 9 February 2024) was a French politician.

## Career

Morice had a long career in politics. She was the parliamentary assistant to the Member of Parliament François d'Aubert in 1989. Morice was mayor of Bais, a commune in Mayenne. She was elected in 2020. She was also a member of the Departmental Council of Mayenne and vice-president of the Departmental Council. In office she was responsible for a new health center, leisure area, fire station and a gendarmerie.
Morice died in hospital in February 2024. Her funeral was held on 14 February in Évron.

## Awards and honours

For her services she was awarded the Knight of the National Order of Merit.
# Wilkie Rasmussen

Wilkie Olaf Patua Rasmussen (born 21 March 1958) is a Cook Islands politician and former Cabinet Minister. From 2013 to 2015 he was leader of the Cook Islands Democratic Party.

## Early life

Rasmussen was born in Omoka on Penrhyn Island. He attended the University of Auckland, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts, Master of Arts, and Bachelor of Laws. After practising as a barrister and solicitor, he became Secretary to the Cook Islands Cabinet, then High Commissioner to New Zealand from 2000 to 2002.

## Political career

Rasmussen first stood for Parliament in 1985, contesting the seat of Penrhyn after Tangaroa Tangaroa resigned to become Queen's Representative. He ran again as a candidate for the Democratic Alliance in the 1999 election, but was unsuccessful. In 2002 he resigned as High Commissioner to New Zealand to contest the 2002 Penrhyn by-election as Cook Islands Party candidate, and was elected.
Early in his political career he challenged the eligibility of two Government MPs to sit, on the grounds that they worked as paid consultants and were therefore public servants. The challenge was ultimately unsuccessful.

## Cabinet

After being narrowly re-elected in the 2004 election, Rasmussen was brought into the coalition Cabinet of Jim Marurai, replacing Piho Rua as Minister of Culture and Tourism. He was later elevated to foreign minister. He switched his allegiance to the Democratic Party shortly before the 2006 elections, and as a result was elected unopposed. He was elected deputy leader of the Democratic Party in August 2007, replacing Tepure Tapaitau. In July 2008 he was nominated for the position of Secretary-General of the Pacific Islands Forum, but was unsuccessful.
In December 2008 he agitated for both Prime Minister Jim Marurai and his deputy Terepai Maoate to step down. On 28 July 2009 he was sacked for "disloyalty" by Marurai, and subsequently expelled from Cook Islands Democratic Party on 25 August 2009. He was reappointed to Cabinet as Minister of Finance & Economic Management and Attorney-General in the December 2009 reshuffle following the sacking of Terepai Maoate and resignation of Democratic party cabinet ministers. A Democratic Party conference in June 2010 restored his membership and appointed him deputy leader.
Rasmussen was co-president of the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly until December 2009, when he was replaced by Charles Milupi of (Zambia).
He was re-elected at the 2010 election. He became Leader of the Opposition in February 2012 after Democratic party leader Robert Wigmore was granted medical leave from Parliament. Following Wigmore's death in April 2012 he became acting leader of the Democratic Party. His position as party leader was confirmed in August 2012.
Rasmussen was defeated at the 2014 election, and stepped down as Democratic Party leader in April 2015.

## Post-retirement

Following his retirement from politics Rasmussen worked as a lawyer. On 11 June 2021 he was convicted of two counts of indecent assault and one of perverting the course of justice. In August 2021 he was fined $7000. He was later disbarred as a lawyer.
# Muret – Lherm Aerodrome

Muret – Lherm Aerodrome (ICAO: LFBR) is located at Lherm in Haute-Garonne département in Occitanie region at 5 km south-west of Muret.
A campus of the École nationale de l'aviation civile (French civil aviation university) is located on the aerodrome.
Every year, in May, the airfield welcomes the air show Airexpo.

## Specifications

* Airfield elevation : 189 meters
* Asphalt runway : 1 100 m × 30 m
* Grass runway : 825 m × 50 m

## Air show

* Airexpo, yearly air show
# Stephen Easley

Stephen Easley (September 4, 1952 – August 14, 2013) was an American businessman and politician.

## Education and early life

Easley was born in Indiana to Jack and Alice Easley. Easley received his bachelor's degree from Purdue University. He later earned a master's degree and then a doctorate degree in biological anthropology from Washington University. He married Susan on August 24, 1974, and they had two children.

## Career

Easley owned an informational consulting business in Santa Fe, New Mexico, named Easley & Associates, an IT company. He also worked in the New Mexico state government in various positions, including as deputy chief information security officer for the state and as chief information officer for New Mexico's departments of Homeland Security, Workforce Training and Development and Public Safety.
From 2000 to 2003, Easley served as city commissioner in Alamogordo, New Mexico. In 2012, he defeated Republican Charles Miller and was elected to the New Mexico House of Representatives to represent district 50. He was serving his first term in 2013 at the time of his death from an infection.
# Antonio Luján

Antonio Lujan (born April 12, 1946) is a former member of the New Mexico House of Representatives. He represented the 35th District from 2002 to 2012.
# Apollonius of Chalcedon

Apollonius (Ancient Greek: Άπολλώνιος) of Chalcedon was an ancient Greek Stoic who taught philosophy. He was invited by the Roman emperor Antoninus Pius to come to Rome, for the purpose of instructing his adoptive sons Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus in philosophy. Aurelius, within his Meditations, writes of Apollonius favourably. Lucian writes of him:
   When Apollonius was appointed professor of philosophy in the Imperial household, Demonax witnessed his departure, attended by a great number of his pupils. 'Why, here is Apollonius with all his Argonauts,' he cried.
Apollonius was also possibly from Chalcis instead of Chalcedon, or, according to Cassius Dio, from Nicomedia.
# Meghan Maartens

Meghan Maartens is a South African water polo player, who is a member of the South Africa women's national water polo team. She was part of the team in the women's water polo tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
She participated in the 2017 U-17 Women's Water Polo European Nations Cup.
# Zone One Tondo Organization

Zone One Tondo Organization (ZOTO), also known as Samahan ng Mamamayan-ZOTO is a federation of urban poor community groups based in relocation sites and areas for demolition in the Philippines. Established in October 20, 1970, ZOTO is the oldest urban poor organization in the Philippines.
As the name implies, ZOTO started in Tondo, Manila, and eventually spread throughout the country when their Tondo-based members were relocated to different cities and provinces. As of today, ZOTO has established chapters in Malabon, Caloocan, Cavite, Bulacan, and Pampanga.
# KCMO (disambiguation)

KCMO is the abbreviation for Kansas City, Missouri, informally.
KCMO may refer to:
* KCMO (AM), a radio station (710 AM) licensed to Kansas City, Missouri, United States
* KCMO-FM, a radio station (94.9 FM) licensed to Kansas City, Missouri, United States
* KCHZ, a radio station (95.7) licensed to Ottawa, Kansas simulcasting KCMO 710
* KCTV (TV), a television station (channel 5) licensed to Kansas City, Missouri, United States, which used the call signs KCMO and KCMO-TV until March 1983
# F. S. Baird Machine Shop

The F. S. Baird Machine Shop, located at 632 East Adams Street between North 6th and North 7th Streets in downtown Phoenix, Arizona, is part of Heritage Square, a collection of historic buildings dating from the city's earliest days. It was built in 1928 by Kathryn Baird, who opened a machine shop there with her son Arthur in 1929. After Arthur left the business in 1931, George W. Wilson operated a machine shop business in the building until 1933, followed by various other owners until 1941. Between 1947 and 1964, a variety of industrial shops occupied the space. In 1978, the city of Phoenix purchased the vacant building to add it to Heritage Square, which is anchored by the nearby Rosson House. It is currently the site of a pizza restaurant.
The one-bay building has a pitched truss roof with stepped parapet eaves, segmented arch double-hung wood windows and a double-hung entrance in the center. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
# Matapia Island

Matapia Island is the official name of a small island off Te-Oneroa-a-Tōhē / Ninety Mile Beach. The name translates as 'like a face, with a hole in it'. Until 1936 it was known as Motupia. It is 1.5 km (0.93 mi) off the beach and about 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Te Paki Stream mouth.

## Geology

A sea arch is eroded into steeply dipping conglomerate and sandstone of Matapia Formation, which is a poor to moderately bedded conglomerate with a pebbly and bouldery sandstone, about 18 million years old, which originated with the Houhora Volcanic Group and other volcanic rocks. A solid rocky platform surrounds the island.

## Wildlife

Matapia Island is an ecologically significant island. It is one of only two Northland west coast islands (the other being Wakatehāua Island, further down the beach) and has unique terrestrial and marine habitats, including the most fur seals (oioi) in Northland (over 500), which probably also make it an important area for white sharks (mangō ururoa), seals being their main prey. The waters surrounding the island are relatively shallow, about 10-20 m (66 ft) deep, shelving to 50 m (160 ft), 9 km (5.6 mi) offshore. Wave energy is very high and a major influence on the shallow and deeper reef communities and intertidal organisms, together with the north-flowing Westland Current and, occasionally in summer, the south-flowing West Auckland Current. Sea surface temperatures range between 15 and 22 °C (72 °F) and waves average 1.5 – 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in). Hawksbill turtles also reach the island. 35 species of marine mammals are known in Northland waters, also including Bryde's whales, bottlenose dolphins (terehu), orca (kakahi) and common dolphins (popokanua).
Matapia Island gecko (Dactylocnemis “Matapia Island”) is the smallest of the Pacific geckos. It also lives on the Aupōuri (golden-brown to dark olive) and Karikari Peninsulas (darker with more variable patterns), but was first identified on Matapia. Its sides have a broad brown band above cream ventral surfaces. They are nocturnal, omnivorous and first recognised on Matapia. They are similar to Pacific, Poor Knights and Mokohinau geckos. The island also has robust skink, ornate skink, Pacific gecko and shore skink.
Giant umbrella sedge (toetoe upoko-tangata) is in dense swards with occasional taupata and Parietaria debilis seedlings underneath. On steep slopes iceplant (horokaka) and knobby clubrush (wīwī) dominate, with Chenopodium album (wild spinach) in patches above the coastal banks. Glasswort and Mercury Bay weed grow in the splash zone. Lepidium oleraceum (nau) is an endangered species, replanted in the 1980s, which is in patches on coastal banks.
Birds include white-fronted tern (tara), common diving petrel (kuaka), blue penguin (kororā), pipit (pīhoihoi), swamp harrier (kāhu), paradise duck (pūtangitangi), red-billed gull (tarāpunga) and welcome swallow. A breeding population of black-winged petrels (karetai kapa mangu) is also on the island.
# Edmonton Hundred Historical Society

The Edmonton Hundred Historical Society is a historical society devoted to the study of the area covered by the Edmonton Hundred (a hundred being an ancient division of a county). The society is a registered charity No. 299073. David Pam, FRHS, was the president until his death in 2014.

## Selected publications

The society has published over 60 works in its "occasional papers" series as well as numerous other works.
* Avery, D. Heinous and Grievous Offences. ISBN 0902922521
* Avery, D. Madam Susanna Avery, Her Book. Capels Manor, Enfield, its Occupants, Garden and Kitchen 1688. ISBN 0902922548
* Avery, D. Saxon Enfield: The Place-Name Evidence and Scholars and Pluralists: Three Tudor Vicars in Enfield. ISBN 0902922556
* Avery, D. The Medieval Merchant-Gentry of Edmonton Hundred. ISBN 0902922564
* Burnby, J.G.L. & A.E. Robinson. And they Blew Exceeding Fine. ISBN 0902922254
* Burnby, J.G.L. & A.E. Robinson. Guns and Gunpowder in Enfield. ISBN 0902922475
* Burnby, J.G.L. & A.E. Robinson. Now Turned Into Fair Garden Plots. ISBN 0902922416
* Burnby, J.G.L. Drovers and Tanners of Enfield and Edmonton. ISBN 0902922483
* Burnby, J.G.L. Elizabethan Times in Tottenham, Edmonton and Enfield. ISBN 0902922572
* Collicott, S. Enfield School Board. ISBN 0902922440
* Dalling, G. David Waddington and the Great Pew Controversy. ISBN 0902922335
* Dalling, G. Southgate and Edmonton Street Names. ISBN 0902922491
* Doree, S. Domesday Book and the Origins of Edmonton Hundred. ISBN 0902922459
* Gough, T.W. War-time Letters from the Tottenham Home Front. ISBN 0902922513
* Graham, M. Chase Farm Schools. ISBN 0902922211
* Hawkes, H.G. Some Reflections on Education in Tottenham. ISBN 0902922505
* Hawkes, H.G. The Reynardsons and their Almshouses. ISBN 0902922378
* Hoare, E. Work of the Edmonton Vestry, 1739-43. ISBN 0902922084
* Keeble, P. & R. Musgrove. Who was Heinrich Faulenbach? ISBN 0902922653
* McIllven, R. The Edmonton Local Board of Health. ISBN 0902922157
* Mott, R. A Southgate Boyhood. and B. M. Griffiths Williams. Highfield House, c.1818-1952. ISBN 0902922610
* Musgrove, R. (Ed.) When the Gas Man Came to Call. (Memories of Reginald Chase) ISBN 9780902922679
* Pam, D. A Woodland Hamlet - Winchmore Hill. ISBN 0902922629
* Pam, D. Edmonton Ancient Village to Working Class Suburb. ISBN 0902922645
* Pam, C. Edmonton in the Early Twenties. The Garden City Estate. The Battle of the Flags. ISBN 090292253X
* Pam, D. Enfield Town - Village Green to Shopping Precinct. ISBN 9780902922662
* Pam, D. The Hungry Years. Survival in Edmonton and Enfield before 1400. ISBN 0902922386
* Phillips, P.L. Upon My Word I am No Scholar. ISBN 0902922408
* Robinson, J. The History of Tottenham Grammar School. ISBN 0902922351
* Tottenham Revisited. ISBN 0902922637
# Şenyurt, Kızıltepe

Şenyurt (Kurdish: Dirbêsî) is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,144 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is populated by Kurds of the Kîkan Kurdish tribe. Şenyurt is situated 12 kilometres (7 mi) south of Kızıltepe and 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Mardin.

## History

After the First World War, the Ottoman Empire collapsed and Syria was occupied by the French army. Later, the French occupation zone became the Syrian Arab Republic. The Syria–Turkey border line follows the railroad. Like all settlements on the railroad, the southern quarters of the town are in Syria and the northern quarters are in Turkey. The southern portion in Syria is Al-Dirbasiyah (Arabic: الدرباسية).

## Economy

In 2016, Turkey decided to build a wall along the border with Syria and the border gate closed in 2017, as the wall was about to be in place. Thus, the town lost an important source of revenue.