OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mario Civera

Mario J. Civera, Jr. (born June 19, 1946) is an American politician from Pennsylvania. A Republican, he served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 164th District (1980-2010) and Delaware County Council (2010-2017).

## Career

Prior to his election to the House, Civera served on the Upper Darby Board of Commissioners. While serving on the Upper Darby Township Council, he was also chairman of the Public Safety Committee.
On March 11, 1980, Civera won election to the House in a special election to replace Frank Lynch, who had resigned in January 1980. He has won re-election to each succeeding session of the House.
Civera did not run for reelection in 2010.

### Dual office controversy

In November 2009, Civera was elected to the Delaware County Council and was sworn into office on January 4, 2010. However, controversy arose when Civera would not resign from his state House seat and thus is holding both offices. During his county council campaign, Civera said he would step down from the House, but after the election said he had no plans to leave, saying he wanted to stay in Harrisburg to complete work on a table games bill needed to finalize the 2009 budget and tie up some other loose ends. He also pointed out that he had never given a definitive date for his resignation. Democrats would like Civera to resign by March so a special election could take place in the May primary at the same time a competitive primary race for a state Senate seat is expected to drive up Democratic voter turnout, hence Civera's assertion that Democrats "want to steal the election."
   I thought that Mario Civera might be helpful in [the 2010] budget process, but given his votes on table games where he voted against filling a $250 million hole in the budget, it's pretty apparent that there are other things at play rather than his desire to help the budget, so I think he should just resign, go do the job he was elected to do here locally and then let the speaker of the House, as is his legal power, set the special election.

## Personal

Civera lives with his wife in Delaware County. He has one son, three stepsons, and seven grandchildren.
# William Whitaker's Words

William Whitaker's Words is a computer program that parses the inflection or conjugation of a given Latin word entered by the user, and also translates the root into English. Conversely, given a basic English word, the program can output a Latin translation, generally with several possible Latin alternatives, although the database of translatable English words is not comprehensive. The software, written in Ada, is free for download but can be used online through several different hosts as well.
This program has gained popularity among Latinists because of its simple interface, high coverage of the Latin lexicon and mostly accurate results. Nevertheless, the user has to check the results, since WORDS uses a set of rules based on natural prefixation, suffixation, declension and conjugation to determine the possibility of an entry. As a consequence of this approach of analysing the structure of words, there is no guarantee that these words were ever used in Latin literature or speech, even if the program finds a possible meaning to a given word.
A few years after the original author's death, the software became the subject of digital preservation efforts.

## Coverage

The dictionary consists of about 39,000 entries, which would result in hundreds of thousands of variations, counting declensions and conjugations.
Additionally, the dictionary contains prefixes and suffixes.
In comparison, the Oxford Latin Dictionary, considered to be the most complete Latin lexicon published in the English language, has about 34,000 entries, excluding proper names. The Oxford Latin Dictionary has fewer entries because it only contains entries from Classical Latin, whereas WORDS contains words from many time periods.

## Parsing process

For instance, given the Latin verb form amābantur, WORDS analyzes it as:
amābantur = am + (ā + ba + nt + ur), where
* am = amo, amare, amavi, amatus (English to love)
* ā = theme vowel for indicative mood
* ba = marker for the imperfect
* nt = marker for third person plural number
* ur = marker for passive voice
So amābantur is the passive, 3rd person, plural, imperfect, indicative form of the verb "to love", which would be translated "they were being loved".

## About William Whitaker

William A. Whitaker (1936–2010) was a colonel in the United States Air Force. While at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), he chaired the High Order Language Working Group that recommended development of the computer language Ada, in which WORDS is written. An accomplished Latinist, he created the translation software called WORDS after his retirement from the forces.
# Solasonine

Solasonine is a glycoalkaloid that is found in Solanum plants of the family Solanaceae. Solasonine is a poisonous chemical compound when used at high levels. It is a glycoside of solasodine. Glycoalkaloids such as solasonine have various applications including pharmacology, cancer treatments and even a role as a pesticide.
High levels of glycoalkaloids are toxic to humans due to their ability to disrupt cell-membrane function. There is a loss of membrane integrity which puts the cell at risk for apoptosis (cell death) due to the ability of any chemical coming into contact with the cell.
Solasonine was one component of the unsuccessful experimental cancer drug candidate Coramsine.

## Anticancer Potential

Solasonine is one of the main components in the plant Solanum nigrum Linn.. The plant has been used in traditional Chinese medicine due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-viral properties. Recent studies highlight the effects of solasonine and its anticancer potential by the suppression of tumor growth, inducing apoptosis, and activating ferroptosis.
Solasonine enhances anticancer potential by inducing apoptosis, or programmed cell death, through the regulation of key pathways, such as the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Ferroptosis, a process that promotes cancer cell death, can be activated with solasonine by increasing and catalyzing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

## Side Effects

Although, solasonine has anti-infection properties it has many adverse side effects as a steroidal glycoalkaloid. These side effects include low blood pressure, a decrease in respiratory activity, rapid heart beat etc. These side effects are the direct result of the cytotoxic properties of solasonine (at high levels) that lead to disrupted cell membranes. Not only do high doses of solasonine disrupt cellular DNA synthesis, but they also suggest the presence of genotoxic and mutagenic effects. Toxic symptoms such as headache, gastrointestinal irritation, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. can be the result of an overdose on Solanum nigrum Linn..
# 1567 in Norway

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events in the year 1567 in Norway.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Frederick II.

## Events

* The Northern Seven Years' War: May – Swedish invasion of Norway.
** Swedish forces torched Konghelle and Sarpsborg.
** Swedish forces torches Hamar, destroying Hamar Cathedral and the bishop's fortified palace Hamarhus.
* 12 September – The city of Fredrikstad was established through a King's decree.
* Johan Venstermand becomes Chancellor of Norway.
# Zvi Lachman

Zvi Lachman (born 1950) is an Israeli sculptor and educator.

## Biography

Lachman studied sculpture in classes of Ashkenazi, Sternschuss and Danziger. In 1972 Lachman graduated with BSc degree in civil engineering from Technion. Lachman studied Architecture in Technion from 1973 till 1976, working as an architect in IDF Navy Construction department at the same time. In 1978 - 1980 he studied sculpture with Chaim Gross in New York as well as attending Parsons School of Design, from which he graduated in 1980 with MFA.
Lachman taught at the Avni Institute of Art and Design in Tel Aviv from 1985 till 1989. He teaches painting and sculpture at the workclasses of Tel Aviv Museum of Art since 1987. Lachman taught sculpture and painting in the "Midrasha" school of art of Beit Berl from 1992 till 1996 and Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design from 1999 till 2003.
Lachman works are part of collection of Israel Museum and private/corporate collections around the world.

## Solo exhibitions

* 1977 Paintings and Drawings, Sof Hashdera, Tel-Aviv.
* 1990 "Figure", Sculpture, Herzliya Museum of Contemporary Art.
* 1990 Works on Paper, Gordon Gallery, Tel-Aviv.
* 1993 "Head", Sculptures and works on paper, Gordon Gallery.
* 1994 Painting and drawing, Gordon Gallery.
* 1997 Pastels, Gordon Gallery.
* 1997 "Poets portraits", Poetry Festival, Metula.
* 1999 Gilgamesh Bibliophilic book: Edition of 64 books. Sotheby's, Tel-Aviv.
* 1999 Gilgamesh, Artspace Gallery, Jerusalem.
* 1999 Ransom of the Father Sculptures and works on paper, Museum of Israeli Art, Ramat-Gan.
* 1999 Sculpture installation of "Akedah" (The Binding of Isaac), Meir Hospital, Kefar-Saba.
* 2002 Recent Works from the Studio, 473 Broadway St., New York.
* 2002 Canvasses Against Black, Golkonda Gallery, Tel-Aviv.
* 2003 Angussim, The open Museum, Industrial Park, Omer.
* 2004 Angussim, The open Museum, Industrial Park, Omer.
* 2005 Deathfugue (Bibliophilic book: Edition of 18 books, each includes
* 2005 10 etchings signed and numbered by the artist, The print-shop, Jerusalem.
* 2006 Sculpture installation of "Hanna", Sheba hospital, Tel- Hashomer.
* 2006 Sculpture installation of three Head sculptures,
* 2006 Sculpture Garden, Herzelia College.
* 2007 Amida (sculpture), Golkonda gallery, 117 Herzel st, Tel-Aviv.
* 2007 Poets' Portraits. Beit Reuven Museum, Tel-Aviv.
* 2007 Yeshiva University Museum, New York.
* 2008 Sculpture installation of "Asia", sculpture outside Straus Building,
* 2008 The Industrial Center, Petah Tikva.
* 2008 Thy Face: Poets' Portraits, Wilfred Museum, Hazorea.
* 2008 Poets' Portraits. Meisel Museum, Denver, Colorado.
* 2008 Poets’ Portraits The Rubin Frankel Gallery, Boston University.
* 2011 Self and Portrait Alon Segev Gallery.
* 2011 Standing Man, Sitting Woman. Alon Segev Gallery.
# Arisoa Razafitrimo

Arisoa Lala Razafitrimo (born 26 April 1954) is a Malagasy politician who was Minister of Foreign Affairs of Madagascar from 2014 to 2015. She was educated at the University of Madagascar.
# Irv Gotti Presents: The Remixes

Irv Gotti Presents: The Remixes is the third compilation album by American record producer Irv Gotti. It was released on November 5, 2002 via Murder Inc. Records and The Island Def Jam Music Group and consists of both original songs and remixes to previously released songs released under the label. The album debuted at number 24 on the Billboard 200 and number 5 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States.

## Charts

| Chart (2002) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 24 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 5 |
# 19 (band)

19 (ジューク, Jūku) was a Japanese pop/folk duo of Kenji Okahira and Keigo Iwase. It debuted in 1998 and broke up in March 2002. They had multiple albums and singles in the top ten on the Oricon charts.
Ohakira is now a member of the band 3B Lab.

## Discography
### Singles

* 'Ano Ao wo Koete' (21 November 1998)
* 'Ano Kamihikoki Kumori-zora Watte' (20 March 1999)
* 'Subete he ' (21 October 1999)
* 'Hate no nai Michi' (21 April 2000)
* 'Sui Riku Sora, Mugendai' (5 July 2000)
* 'Haikei Roman' (29 November 2000)
* 'Ashiato' (25 April 2001) (reached #2 on the Oricon charts, charted for 9 weeks)
* Taisetsuna Hito (たいせつなひと, lit, Important Person) (22 August 2001) (reached #3 on the Oricon charts, charted for 8 weeks)
* 'Tanpopo' (21 March 2002) (reached #2 on the Oricon charts, charted for 7 weeks)

### Albums

* Ongaku (23 July 1999)
* Mugendai (26 July 2000)
* up to you (27 September 2001) (reached #2 on the Oricon charts, charted for 8 weeks)
* 19 BEST Haru (27 April 2002) (reached #5 on the Oricon charts, charted for 6 weeks)
* 19 BEST Ao (27 April 2002) (reached #3 on the Oricon charts, charted for 8 weeks)
* 19 BEST LIVE Audio use only (24 July 2002)

### Video

* Seireki Zenshin 2000nen "Daibakusin Eizo!" (23 March 2000)
* 19 LAST LIVE TV use only (24 July 2002)
* 19 VIDEO CLIPS 1>9 (21 August 2002)

### DVD

* Seireki Zenshin 2000nen "Daibakushin Eizo!" (6 December 2000)
* 19 LAST LIVE TV use only (24 July 2002)
* 19 VIDEO CLIPS 1>9 (21 August 2002)
# List of ministers of foreign affairs of Uganda

This article lists the ministers of foreign affairs of Uganda since the country gained independence from the United Kingdom on 9 October 1962.

## List of ministers

| No. | Name | From | To | Notes |
| 1 | Milton Obote | 1962 | 1966 | Sam Odaka was minister of State from 1964 to 1966 |
| 2 | Sam Odaka | 1966 | 1971 | |
| 3 | Joshua Wanume Kibedi | 1971 | 1973 | |
| | Paul Etyang | 1973 | 1973 | In acting capacity |
| 4 | Michael Ondoga | 1973 | 1974 | |
| 5 | Princess Elizabeth of Toro | 1974 | 1974 | Princess (Batebe) of the Tooro Kingdom |
| 6 | Idi Amin | 1974 | 1975 | First tenure; Juma Oris served as acting minister during this time |
| 7 | Juma Oris | 1975 | 1978 | |
| 8 | Idi Amin | 1978 | 1979 | Second tenure |
| 9 | Juma Bashir | ? | 1979 | Last foreign minister under the Amin regime; fled to Juba (then in Sudan) during the Uganda–Tanzania War |
| 10 | Otema Allimadi | 1979 | 1979 | |
| 11 | Godfrey Binaisa | 1979 | 1979 | |
| 12 | Otema Allimadi | 1979 | 1980 | |
| 13 | Milton Obote | 1980 | 1985 | |
| 14 | John Luwuliza Kirunda | 1985 | 1985 | |
| 15 | Olara Otunnu | 1985 | 1986 | |
| 16 | Ibrahim Mukiibi | 1986 | 1988 | |
| 17 | Paul Ssemogerere | 1988 | 1994 | |
| 18 | Ruhakana Rugunda | 1994 | 1996 | |
| 19 | Eriya Kategaya | 1996 | 2001 | |
| 20 | James Wapakhabulo | 2001 | 2004 | Died in office |
| | Tom Butime | 2004 | 2005 | In acting capacity |
| 21 | Sam Kutesa | 2005 | 2014 | |
| | Henry Oryem Okello | 2014 | 2015 | In acting capacity while Sam Kutesa was President of the United Nations General Assembly |
| 22 | Sam Kutesa | 2015 | 2021 | |
| 23 | Jeje Odongo | 2021 | present | |
# Emine Çolak

Emine Çolak (born 9 March 1958) is a Turkish Cypriot lawyer who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Northern Cyprus in the Kalyoncu cabinet between July 2015 and April 2016.

## Early life

Çolak was born on 9 March 1958 in Nicosia. She studied law at SOAS, University of London and graduated in 1979, earning the right to work as a barrister in 1980. She started running her law office in Nicosia in 1982 and worked on several administrative, family, commercial, property and human rights cases. She worked as a lawyer on contract in the Department of Promotion.

## Career

Çolak founded the Turkish Cypriot Human Rights Association and was its chairperson when she was appointed as a minister. She served as a member of the Municipal Council of the Nicosia Turkish Municipality between 1994 and 2002, and coordinated the law commission in preparation for the Annan Plan for Cyprus in 2003 and 2004. She took part in bi-communal efforts beginning from 1990 and participated in the Turkish-Greek Forum in 2002. As part of her contribution to non-governmental organizations, she undertook work in areas of children's rights, women's rights, LGBT rights, rights of patients and rights of refugees. She is among the founding members of the Turkish Cypriot Association of Arbitration, Initiative against Homophobia, Association for Patient Rights and Association for Refugee Rights. She also served as the chairperson of the executive board of Sim Radyo. She was appointed to the High Judiciary Council by President Mehmet Ali Talat in 2007 and served till 2011.
Upon her taking office as the Minister of Foreign Affairs on 16 July 2015 in the Kalyoncu cabinet, she became the first female Minister of Foreign Affairs of Northern Cyprus.

## Personal life

Çolak has three children and speaks English and French.
# Jim Lynch (politician)

James C. “Jim” Lynch (born September 5, 1946) is a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

## Biography

Lynch is a 1964 graduate of Sharon High School. He served in the U.S. Army from 1966 to 1969 and became a corporal. He earned a degree in business administration from Youngstown State University in 1973.
Lynch was first elected to represent the 65th legislative district in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1992. During his career, Lynch introduced the law creating a dedicated funding stream for higher-education councils that help students in rural areas move from school to the workforce and the loan program to encourage the removal of leaky underground fuel storage tanks.
He retired prior to the 2004 election.
# Thomas Michlovic

Thomas A. Michlovic (born February 21, 1946) is a former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.
He is a 1964 graduate of St. Thomas High School in Braddock, Pennsylvania. He served in the United States Army in the Vietnam War from 1967–1968, where he was awarded the Purple Heart, the Combat Infantryman Badge, and the Vietnam Service Award. Upon his return, he earned two degree from the University of Pittsburgh, a degree in political science in 1972 and an M.P.A. in 1976.
He was first elected to represent the 35th legislative district in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1978. During his tenure, he was received the Champion of Good Government Award from Common Cause in 1999 and the John Heinz Good Government Award from the Mon Valley Initiative in 2002. He retired prior to the 2002 election. On February 18, 2004, he was sworn in as a Commissioner of the Pennsylvania Securities Commission.
# Robert Ray (Australian politician)

Robert Francis Ray (born 8 April 1947) is an Australian former politician who was a Labor Party senator from 1981 to 2008, representing the state of Victoria.

## Biography
### Early life

Ray was born in Melbourne, Victoria, and educated at Monash University, Melbourne, where he graduated in arts and education. He worked as a teacher in government schools and as a taxi-driver before entering politics.

### Political career

A leading member of the right-wing faction of the ALP, Ray defeated a left-wing senator, Jean Melzer, in a ballot for a place on the party's Senate ticket. This caused great bitterness in the Socialist Left faction. He was elected to the Senate at the October 1980 election, taking his seat on 1 July 1981.
In the Hawke Labor government Ray was Minister for Home Affairs 1987–88, Minister for Immigration, Local Government and Ethnic Affairs 1988–90 (with a seat in the Cabinet), and Minister for Defence 1990–96. In this portfolio he strongly supported Hawke's decision to send Australian forces to support the United Nations in the Gulf War, despite bitter opposition from the left.
After the defeat of the Keating government in 1996 election, Ray did not seek election to the Opposition Shadow Ministry, but remained a powerful figure in the Labor Party, acting as a key factional supporter of Opposition Leader Kim Beazley 1996–2001. His influence diminished when Mark Latham became Leader in 2003. He did not stand for re-election at the 2007 election, which meant that his Senate term was due to expire on 30 June 2008. He formally resigned from Parliament on 5 May 2008, having spent two more days in the Senate as a member of government than as a member of the Opposition. The casual vacancy was filled by Jacinta Collins.
# Ralph Pratt

Ralph Domenick Pratt (born July 7, 1940) is a former member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Pratt was born in 1940 in New Castle. He was later judge of the Pennsylvania Courts of Common Pleas.
# Kenneth Kruszewski

Kenneth E. Kruszewski (born February 6, 1948) is a former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

## Background

Born in the city of Erie, Pennsylvania on February 6, 1945, Kruszewski graduated from Technical Memorial High School in 1963, and attended, Pennsylvania State University, Behrend, and then also attended Mercyhurst College. Employers included the United States Justice Department and Drug Enforcement Administration, University of Delaware, Pennsylvania Chiefs Association (North West Regional Narcotics Instructor), Erie Police Department (19 years: Narcotics Commander, Detective Sergeant for 9 years).

## Political career

A Democrat, he was elected to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1990. He then ran an unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the House in 1992.
# Terry Scheetz

Terry R. Scheetz (born December 10, 1941) is a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He was born in Lancaster.
# Suboth Bhati

Suboth Bhati (born 29 September 1990) is an Indian cricketer who played for Delhi and Pondicherry. He made his first-class debut on 30 October in the 2015–16 Ranji Trophy. He made his List A debut on 10 December 2015 in the 2015–16 Vijay Hazare Trophy. He made his Twenty20 debut on 2 January 2016 in the 2015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.
In July 2021, Bhati scored a double century in a club T20 tournament against Simba, scoring an unbeaten 205 in just 79 balls. It was Subodh's second double century in T20 cricket. Previously, he did this while playing for Sanguem Cricketers.
# Akishima whale

Eschrichtius akishimaensis, described in 2017, is one of two species, with the modern day gray whale, of the genus Eschrichtius, and is the first and only fossil species of the genus, dating to around 1.77–1.95 million years ago (mya) in the Early Pleistocene.

## History of discovery

The bones were first found in 1961 by a father and son, Masato and Yoshio Tajima, in a riverbed in Akishima, Tokyo, lending it the nickname of the Akishima whale. It was prepared by locals, under the mentorship of Hiroshi Ozaki, and subsequently put into storage at the National Museum of Nature and Science until it was transferred to Gunma Museum of Natural History to be studied. The discovery generated local enthusiasm in the city, having both a Kujira matsuri (whale festival) and a Kujira Park (Whale Park) in its honor, and plans for a life-size replica skeleton in a new educational facility to open March 2020.
Prior to its formal description, E. akishimaensis was referred to as "Japonocetus" akishimensis, though the name was never used in any way that fulfils the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature's requirements for species description. The species name of Eschrichtius akishimaensis derives from Akishima, Tokyo, where the holotype was discovered.

## Description

The only specimen of Eschrichtius akishimaensis consists of a skull, seven neck vertebrae, thirteen thoracic vertebrae, eight lumbar vertebrae, twelve tail vertebrae, chevrons, ribs, and arm bones, and has a total length of about 12 metres (39 ft). E. akishimaensis can be distinguished from E. robustus based on a number of characteristics. The posterior border of the nasal is squared off, the ascending process of the maxilla is dorsolateral and narrower compared to that of the premaxilla, and the squamosal concavity is deep and large.
# Shams ad-Din Orabi

Shams ad-Din Orabi (Arabic: شمس الدين عرابي) was a Libyan politician. He was a foreign minister of the Kingdom of Libya (September 1968 – June 1969), Libya ambassador for Italy, Egypt, Algeria, Brother of Asad Bin Omran and founder of the Omar al-Mukhtar foundation. He died in London on May 5, 2009.