# Carolyn Sue

Carolyn Mary Sue AM is an Australian neurologist, scientist, professor and research director. She has been the executive director of the Kolling Institute of Medical Research since 2019 and is also Director of Neurogenetics at Royal North Shore Hospital, Director of the Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, and Director of the National Centre for Adult Stem Cell Research (Sydney Node). Sue specialises in complex neurogenetic conditions and runs tertiary referral clinics for patients with diseases such as Parkinson's, mitochondrial diseases, and other inherited movement disorders. Her research has identified several previously unknown mutations that cause neurogenetic disease.

## Education and career

Sue completed a medical degree at the University of New South Wales and a PhD at the University of Sydney in 1997. She then received an NHMRC Neil Hamilton Fairley Postdoctoral Fellowship to conduct post-doctoral studies in the laboratory of Salvatore DiMauro at Columbia University in New York City. In 2000, Sue returned to Sydney to direct her own research laboratory at the Kolling Institute of Medical Research. In 2011, she established the Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders at Royal North Shore Hospital.
Professor Sue holds multiple titles and was the inaugural Professor in Neurology at Royal North Shore Hospital. She is also a Founding Director of the Australian Mitochondrial Disease Foundation, President-Elect for the Movement Disorder Society of Australia and New Zealand, and co-chair of the Education Committee for the International Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorder Society.

## Biomedical research

Sue's research aims to improve our understanding of neurological disorders and develop new treatment options for patients. Due to the Kolling Institute's close proximity and strong collaboration with the hospital, her work is highly translational and her laboratory is able to study cells taken from patients and induced into a stem cell state to elucidate the unique genetic diagnosis for individual patients. This may assist in family planning when patients have a known genetic mutation that causes disease.
Her laboratory currently runs several projects, including:
* Identification of reliable biomarkers to assist in the diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases, working with Dr Ryan Davis
* Investigating the interactions between the gut microbiome and Parkinson's disease, and the impact of Parkinson's disease treatments on the gut microbiome. This work is being conducted with Dr Michal Lubomski and Dr Ryan Davis in collaboration with Professor Andrew Holmes and Professor Jean Yang at the University of Sydney.
* Investigating the Nix pathway as an alternative approach to activating mitophagy in neurons, to improve the maintenance of healthy mitochondrial populations in neurons. This project is being conducted with Dr Wen Li, and in collaboration with Dr YuHong Fu and Professor Glenda Halliday at the University of Sydney.
* Using patient-derived cells to screen new drug therapies for hereditary spastic paraplegia, with Dr Gautam Wali and in collaboration with Professor Alan Mackay-Sim at Griffith University
* Using easily-accessible patient samples to identify biomarkers of hereditary spastic paraplegia, with Dr Gautam Wali, Dr Sue-Faye Siow, and Dr Kishore Kumar
Sue has published on the potential of mitochondrial donation as a potential strategy to tackle hereditary mitochondrial diseases. Mitochondrial donation allows the replacement of defective mitochondria with healthy mitochondria in an unborn child, with requires the use assisted reproductive technologies to conceive a child from the genetic material of three persons. However, as mitochondrial DNA contributes only to cellular bioenergetics and not any other characteristics of the child, the oocyte donor (i.e., the mitochondria donor) does not contribute to a child's unique genomic identity. In 2022, Maeve's Law was passed by the Australian Parliament to legalise mitochondrial donation. Sue's future work will likely involve preparing and supporting her patients if they choose to undergo the procedure.

## Awards and recognition

In 2016, Sue was awarded a Presidential Award by the International Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorder Society. In 2019, Sue was part of the Queen's Birthday Honours List and awarded a Member of the Order of Australia for significant services to medicine.
Sue is currently the executive director of the Kolling Institute of Medical Research, board member for the Brain and Mind Centre, and Professor of Neurology at the University of Sydney. She is also Founder and Director of the Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Director of Neurogenetics, Director of the Mitochondrial Disease Clinic, Director of the Genetic Movement Disorders Clinic, Director of the Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Clinic, and Director of the Advanced Therapies for Parkinson's Disease Clinic at the Royal North Shore Hospital. In 2020 Sue was awarded Academy elects 28 new Fellows. Carolyn Sue clinician scientist highly recognised with all the research work done. Prof. Carolyn Sue was awarded $1.2 million for work done in precision diagnosis & patients with mitochondrial disease.