OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dioscorea esculenta

Dioscorea esculenta, commonly known as the lesser yam, is a yam species native to Island Southeast Asia and introduced to Near Oceania and East Africa by early Austronesian voyagers. It is grown for their edible tubers, though it has smaller tubers than the more widely-cultivated Dioscorea alata and is usually spiny.

## Names

In Javanese, and particularly in Bahasa Indonesia, it is called gembili. In Tagalog, it is known as tugi, while in Cebuano it is called apali. It is cultivated in Kerala, Goa, Konkan parts of Maharashtra India. In Malayalam, it is known as nana kizhangu or nheruvalli kizhangu or "Cheru Kizhangu". In Goa it is called Kaate Kanaga (काटे कणगा ), It is a climber which needs support and goes coiling around the support.

## History of cultivation

The lesser yam is the second most important yam crop among Austronesians. Like D. alata, it requires minimal processing, unlike the other more bitter yam species. However, it has smaller tubers than D. alata and is usually spiny. Like D. alata it was introduced to Madagascar and the Comoros by Austronesians, where it spread to the East African coast. They are also a dominant crop in Near Oceania, However, it did not reach to the furthest islands in Polynesia, being absent in Hawaii and New Zealand.
Starch grains identified to be from the lesser yam have been recovered from archaeological sites of the Lapita culture in Viti Levu, Fiji, dated to around 3,050 to 2,500 cal BP. D. esculenta is believed to have been introduced by the Lapita culture into New Guinea, along with agricultural innovations like wet cultivation. Traces of D. esculenta (along with D. alata, D. bulbifera, D. nummularia and D. pentaphylla) yams have also been identified from the Mé Auré Cave site in Moindou, New Caledonia, dated to around 2,700 to 1,800 BP. Remains of D. esculenta have also been recovered from archaeological sites in Guam, dated to around 1031 CE.

## Taxonomy

Belonging to the genus Dioscorea, Dioscorea esculenta describes the plant's ability to produce edible roots.

## Description

The plant's stems are round and thin, with big, black compound spines that are 2–4 cm long. The leaves are soft, heart-shaped, and 5–8 cm long and 6–8 cm wide.
# Mick Michael

Michael Agapitos Michael (22 September 1922 – 6 May 2016) was an Australian local government politician. He was Lord Mayor of the City of Perth in the 1980s. He died aged 93 on 6 May 2016.

## Early life

He was born in Perth, Western Australia to Jack Michael and Ourania Zempilas, Greek immigrants. His father was a World War I veteran, having served in the Australian Army before becoming a fruit barrow owner and later a grocery shop. He attended Highgate Primary School and later Perth Boys' but left to work in the family business when he was fourteen. One of his brothers is Ken Michael, ex-Governor of Western Australia.
In 1940, Michael enlisted in the Royal Australian Air Force, serving until 1946. He was a member of 77 Squadron, and was posted to Darwin and saw the Japanese air-raids. He was trained in the RAAF as an electrical fitter.

## Business career

He owned M.A. Michael Pty Ltd, supplying electrical equipment to businesses in Western Australia and Victoria.

## Political career

He became a councilor in 1967 with the Perth City council. Michael became Lord Mayor of Perth between 1982 and 1988.

## Marriage

He was married twice, first to Shirley Smith in 1946 but ended in divorce in 1951 but produced a son. He remarried Adel Wallace in 1958 having a further three sons.

## Honours

Michael was award the Medal of the Order of Australia in 1982 for services to local government. Other honours included being made a Freeman of the City of London and the City of Perth.
The Mick Michael Reserve, on the corner of Vincent and Charles Streets in West Perth is named after him.
# Saadatabad, Firuzabad

Saadatabad (Persian: سعادت اباد, also Romanized as Sa‘ādatābād) is a village in Khvajehei Rural District, Meymand District, Firuzabad County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 102, in 21 families.
# London Westside

London Westside B.C. are an English basketball club, based in the North Kensington area of West London, England.

## History

The club was founded in 2000, with strong links to the local community and to provide opportunity for talented local players to develop.
Westside had much early success in the regional leagues, and entered the English Basketball League for the first time in 2004.
The club was severely disrupted by the Grenfell Tower fire in 2017, with their main home venue out of action for a considerable period as a hub for the relief effort. The club were later awarded funds from the Grenfell Young People's Fund, raised by readers who donated to the London Evening Standard's Dispossessed Fund Grenfell Appeal, to support their youth development work.

## Honours

    Men's National League Division 3 South League Champions: 2010-11
    Men's National League Division 3 Playoffs Champions: 2010-11
    Men's National Founders Cup: 2002-03

## Academy

The club is partnered with St Charles College, who compete in the Academies Basketball League. The ABL is the second-tier under 19's competition in the United Kingdom. St Charles were runners-up in the competition in 2019.

## Teams

For the 2019–20 season, Westside will field the following teams:

## Home Venue

Westside are based at Kensington Leisure Centre and St Paul's School, London.

## Season-by-season records

| Season | Division | Tier | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Post-Season | National Cup |
| Season | Division | Tier | Finish | Played | Wins | Losses | Points | Win % | Post-Season | National Cup |
| London Westside |||||||||||
| 2011–12 | D2 | 3 | 7th | 20 | 9 | 11 | 18 | 0.450 | Runners-Up | 2nd round |
| 2012–13 | D2 | 3 | 9th | 22 | 7 | 15 | 14 | 0.318 | Did not qualify | 2nd round |
| 2013–14 | D2 | 3 | 9th | 20 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 0.400 | Did not qualify | 2nd round |
| 2014–15 | D2 | 3 | 8th | 22 | 8 | 14 | 16 | 0.364 | Quarter-finals | 3rd round |
| 2015–16 | D2 | 3 | 10th | 22 | 5 | 17 | 10 | 0.227 | Did not qualify | 1st round |
| 2016–17 | D2 | 3 | 5th | 22 | 11 | 11 | 22 | 0.500 | Quarter-finals | 4th round |
| 2017–18 | D2 | 3 | 11th | 22 | 6 | 16 | 12 | 0.273 | Did not qualify | 2nd round |
| 2018–19 | D2 | 3 | 8th | 20 | 7 | 13 | 14 | 0.350 | Quarter-finals | 3rd round |
| 2019–20 | D2 Sou | 3 | 2nd | 16 | 11 | 5 | 24 | 0.688 | No playoffs | 3rd round |
# 1878 South Northumberland by-election

The 1878 South Northumberland by-election was fought on 17 April 1878. The by-election was fought due to the succession to a peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, Lord Eslington. It was won by the Conservative candidate Edward Ridley.
1878 South Northumberland by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Edward Ridley | 2,909 | 50.1 | N/A |
| | Liberal | Albert Grey | 2,903 | 49.9 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6 | 0.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,812 | 78.4 | N/A |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 7,415 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |
# May W. Newburger

May W. Newburger (January 22, 1920 – August 30, 2012) was an American activist and politician who served as a member of the New York State Assembly from 1979 to 1986.

## Early life and education

She was born May Wallace on January 22, 1920, in Springfield, Massachusetts, the daughter of Augusta Wallace. She received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Hunter College, a Master of Arts from Columbia University, and a post-Master's Certificate from Adelphi University.

## Career

She became active in social and women's rights organizations, and entered politics as a Democrat. She was a delegate to the 1972, 1984, 1988 and 2000 Democratic National Conventions. She was Legislative Director of the Assembly Committee on Higher Education in 1975 and 1976; and Associate Director of the Women's Center for Community Leadership at Hunter College in 1977.
She was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1979 to 1986, sitting in the 183rd, 184th, 185th and 186th New York State Legislatures representing the residents of the 16th Assembly District. She was chair of the NYS Assembly Task Force on Women's Issues and served as co-chair of the Legislative Commission on the Water Resource Needs of Long Island, which investigated the water resource needs of Long Island and championed efforts to require closure of landfills and implement groundwater protection measures. She retired from the Assembly in 1986.
She was a member of the Town Council of North Hempstead in 1992 and 1993; and the first female supervisor of the Town of North Hempstead from 1994 to 2003. As town supervisor, she transformed a cumulative budget deficit of $7.0 million into a $7.7 million surplus and moved the town from the lowest to historically highest bond rating ever. This was achieved through her long-term strategic planning which included the Debt Management and Capital Plans, which was to reduce the town debt by approximately $107 million in 10 years.
North Hempstead was named "Town of the Year 1999" by the Long Island Development Corporation and received the "Quality of Life Award" from the Long Island Division of the American Society of Civil Engineers. She spearheaded the reclamation and rehabilitation of the Morewood Property, leading to the creation of Harbor Links, one of the country’s most environmentally-friendly championship level golf courses which has earned the Environmental Stewardship Award and the Audubon Signature Designation.
Newburger helped establish the $15 million Environmental Legacy Fund, used for open space acquisition, restoration and protection of environmentally sensitive areas and for improvement and enhancement of coastal areas and waterways. And she embarked on a most intensive federal lobbying effort to secure funding from the EPA to designate New Cassel as a Brownfields Pilot Community.
A portion of Hempstead Harbor was officially named "May Newburger Cove".

## Personal life

In 1948, she married Jack Newburger, and they had one son. She died on August 30, 2012, in Great Neck, New York.
# Stay with Me (DeBarge song)

"Stay With Me" is a song by DeBarge, issued on their acclaimed album, In a Special Way.

## Song information

The song was composed in 1982 by siblings Marty and Bunny DeBarge. The lyrics describe a young man who wants his lover to stay despite relationship worries. El DeBarge sang lead vocals.

## Hip-hop samples

Issued on the group's third album, In a Special Way, the song wasn't officially released as a single but it would gain leverage as a sampled single in hip hop, R&B and pop.
* By 1995, The Notorious B.I.G. has used the ending instrumental vamp of the song - which featured El's keyboard playing - for his hit song, "One More Chance".
* By 1995, Big L has also used the ending instrumental vamp of the song for his hit song, "MVP".
* Mary J. Blige and Faith Evans sung parts of the verses and the ending refrain on "One More Chance" and had sung the song's ending refrain for the Mary J. Blige track, "Don't Go", off of Mary's heralded 1994 album My Life.
* Tichina Arnold also sampled some parts for her song "Stay with Me" on her 1997 album Unforgettable.
* R&B singer Ashanti sampled the song for her hit "Foolish" on her Self-titled debut album (2002). Also from her self-titled debut, Ashanti sampled B.I.G's "One More Chance" and raps the first verse and interpolates "Lovin' You Tonight" by B.I.G. himself featuring R. Kelly on the remix track to her original song as "Unfoolish".
* R&B and neo-soul singer Musiq Soulchild sampled the song on the final track on the remix of "Girl Next Door" as "Ifiwouldaknew (Girlnextdoorremix)", which appeared from the 2002 album Juslisen.
* Pop and R&B singer, songwriter and producer Mariah Carey sampled the song's chorus for her 2008 single, "I'll Be Lovin' U Long Time" on her E=MC² album.
* Ne-Yo also resung the song's chorus on his song "Stay", from his 2006 debut album In My Own Words.
* Gospel singer Deitrick Haddon sampled the song for the track "Don't Go" on his album 7 Days.
* Former frontman El DeBarge sampled the original song from his family group on the track "5 Seconds" featuring rapper Fabolous from his 2010 Second Chance album.
* American rapper Moneybagg Yo sampled the song for his track "Wockesha" from his album A Gangsta's Pain in 2021.

## Credits

* Lead vocals by El DeBarge
* Background vocals by El DeBarge, Randy DeBarge and Bunny DeBarge
* Piano and Keyboards by El DeBarge
* Bass by Nathan East
* Drums by Leon Chancler
* Percussion by Paulinho da Costa
* String Arrangement by Claire Fischer
* Engineered by Chris Bellman, Dan Marnien, Steve Bates, Walter Borchers
* Produced by El DeBarge
# Maxime Lacoste-Lebuis

Maxime Lacoste-Lebuis is a Canadian composer and filmmaker, who works principally in collaboration with his long-term partner Maude Plante-Husaruk.
They are most noted for the 2016 short film The Botanist, which was named to the Toronto International Film Festival's annual year-end Canada's Top Ten list for 2017, and the 2021 feature documentary film Far Beyond the Pasturelands (Au-delà des hautes vallées), for which Lacoste-Lebuis received Prix Iris nominations for Best Original Music in a Documentary and Best Sound in a Documentary at the 25th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2023.
His other credits as a composer have included the video game Spiritfarer, and the film To Live and Die and Live.
# Rangi people

The Rangi (Rangi: Valangi; Swahili: Warangi) are a Bantu-speaking ethnic group of mixed Bantu and Cushitic heritage in the Dodoma Region of central Tanzania. In 2022, the Rangi population was estimated to number 880,000.

## Endonym & Exonym

The Rangi use the endonym Valangi to refer to themselves, however the Swahili exonym Warangi is more commonly used in Tanzania to refer to group. Likewise, the Rangi use the endonym Kilangi to refer to their language, but most people in Tanzania use the Swahili exonym of Kirangi instead. In English, the Swahili plural prefix of Wa and the Swahili artifact prefix of Ki are often dropped, resulting in both the people and language being referred to as Rangi.

## History

Sources differ on when the Rangi became a distinct ethnic group, with some suggesting approximately 300 AD and others say around the range of 1500-1700. Despite being a Bantu ethnic group, most Rangi do not believe that their ancestors came from the West, and that they actually came from the North and East (Ethiopia and Sudan). Meanwhile, other Rangi believe that their ancestors originated from the West. This makes sense as the Rangi have both Cushitic (Northeastern) and Bantu (Western) heritage. When the Rangi arrived in the Dodoma region they began assimilating surrounding Cushitic peoples, primarily the Alagwa and Burunge. The Rangi also assimilated the neighboring Nyaturu people, another Bantu ethnic group.
# Potez 220

The Potez 220 was a prototype French twin-engined, three-seat reconnaissance and army cooperation aircraft. Two examples were built in 1939, but no production followed.

## Design and development

On 6 February 1937, the French air ministry issued specification A.24 for a three-seat reconnaissance and army-cooperation aircraft. To meet this requirement, the nationalised Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Nord (SNCAN), formed in January 1937 from ANF Les Mureaux, Potez, Chantiers Aéro-Maritimes de la Seine and parts of Breguet and Amiot, gave the task to the design team inherited from Les Mureaux. Their design, the Potez 220 was a twin-engined monoplane of all-metal construction. The fuselage was an oval-section monocoque, which accommodated the aircraft's crew of three, consisting of a pilot, a radio operator gunner and an observer, with a glazed gondola slung under the fuselage provided for the observer. It was powered by two 520 kW (700 hp) Gnome-Rhône 14M radial engines driving three-bladed propellers, which were fed from fuel tanks located within the wing. A retractable tailwheel undercarriage was fitted.
The first prototype made its maiden flight at Sartrouville on 7 April 1939, with the second prototype following on 20 October that year. Performance was slightly better than the Potez 63.11, which had recently entered production in the reconnaissance role, while orders had also been placed for the much more powerful and better-performing Bloch 174 and Martin 167F aircraft to meet the same requirement as the Potez 220. Development of the type was therefore abandoned.

## Specifications

Data from War Planes of the Second World War: Volume Eight: Bombers and Reconnaissance Aircraft
General characteristics
* Crew: 3
* Length: 11.18 m (36 ft 8 in)
* Wingspan: 15.37 m (50 ft 5 in)
* Height: 3.67 m (12 ft 0 in)
* Wing area: 34.40 m$^2$ (370.3 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 2,973 kg (6,554 lb)
* Gross weight: 4,511 kg (9,945 lb)
* Powerplant: 2 × Gnome-Rhône 14M 4/5 14-cylinder air-cooled radial engines, 520 kW (700 hp) each
Performance
* Maximum speed: 450 km/h (280 mph, 240 kn) at 4,000 m (13,120 ft)
* Range: 1,600 km (994 mi, 864 nmi)
* Time to altitude: 6.25 min to 4,000 m (13,120 ft)
Armament
* Guns:
** 2× fixed, forward-firing 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns
** 1× flexibly mounted 7.5 mm machine gun in dorsal position
** 1× flexibly mounted 7.5 mm machine gun in ventral position
* Bombs: four 50 kg (110 lb) bombs under wings
# Saadatabad, Sarvestan

Saadatabad (Persian: سعادتاباد, also Romanized as Sa‘ādatābād; also known as Sa‘adat Abad Sarvestan) is a village in Kuhenjan Rural District, Kuhenjan District, Sarvestan County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 242, in 64 families.
# Ko Lanta

Ko Lanta or Koh Lanta may refer to:
* Ko Lanta district, a district of Thailand's Krabi province
* Ko Lanta Yai, the larger of two adjacent islands bearing the name Ko Lanta, in the district
* Ko Lanta Noi, the smaller of two adjacent islands bearing the name Ko Lanta, in the district
* Mu Ko Lanta National Park, a national park of Thailand covering part of Ko Lanta Yai and several smaller nearby islands
# Virum railway station

Virum station is a railway station serving the suburban neighbourhood of Virum north of Kongens Lyngby north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located on the Hillerød radial of Copenhagen's S-train network. The station is served by E trains.
# 1878 Oxfordshire by-election

The 1878 Oxfordshire by-election was fought on 5 February 1878. The by-election was fought due to the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, Joseph Warner Henley. It was won by the unopposed Conservative candidate Edward William Harcourt.
# Marion Kyle Sherman

Marion Kyle Sherman (born October 17, 1925, date of death unknown) was an American politician in the state of Washington. She served the 47th district from 1975 to 1983. Prior to this, Sherman supported the United States war effort as a riveter with Boeing during World War II. She lived in Maple Valley, Washington and was married to Leonard Sherman. Together they had two children. Sherman is deceased.
# Andy Hunt (footballer)

Andrew Hunt (born 9 June 1970) is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker.

## Career

Born in West Thurrock, Essex, Hunt started his career in non-league football, whilst training in business and tourism management, with King's Lynn and Kettering Town before being signed by then manager Jim Smith for Newcastle United in early 1991. Smith departed soon after, and Hunt continued to play under his successor Ossie Ardiles.
However, this was not a successful time for the Magpies, who had fallen into the Second Division in 1989 and failed to make even the playoffs in the 1990-91 season. Ardiles reshaped the side for the 1991–92 season by drafting in more young players and adopting a very attacking style of football, but things failed to improve and by the end of October in 1991 the Magpies were bottom of the Second Division.
Ardiles was sacked on 5 February 1992 and replaced by Kevin Keegan, who chose David Kelly and Micky Quinn as his first choice attacking force. Hunt was on the sidelines for much of the next 12 months before departing to West Bromwich Albion, where Ardiles was now the manager. Hunt scored a hat-trick on his home debut for Albion in March 1993 against Brighton. He scored the first goal in the Second Division play-off final in 1993 at Wembley as West Brom beat Port Vale 3–0 to gain promotion.
Hunt was a regular over the next five seasons, creating an effective partnership with Bob Taylor, but West Brom failed to gain another promotion. In 1998, he joined Charlton Athletic, who had just been promoted to the Premier League, on a free transfer. A highlight in his first season at Charlton was scoring twice as they drew 2-2 away at Tottenham Hotspur, however Charlton were relegated at the end of the season. In his second season Hunt scored twenty four goals as Charlton won Division One to win promotion back to the Premiership, scoring three hat-tricks in the process against Norwich City and Stockport County (twice). However, after scoring in what turned out to be his final game for Charlton against Coventry City he retired early from football during the 2000–01 season due to chronic fatigue syndrome. Hunt returned to Charlton briefly in 2003 to try to earn another contract, and played in three reserve games, but was not offered a contract.
Hunt now runs the Belize Jungle Dome and Green Dragon Adventure Travel, a pair of adventure travel companies in Belize, with his wife, former MTV presenter Simone Angel.

## Honours

West Brom
* Second Division play-offs: 1992–93
Charlton Athletic
* First Division: 1999–2000
Individual
* PFA Team of the Year: 1999-2000 EFL Championship Top Scorer : Winner 1999–2000 EFL Championship
# B.R.O.T.H.E.R. movement

The Black Rhyme Organisation to Help Equal Rights (B.R.O.T.H.E.R. ) was a 1989 protest supergroup founded in the United Kingdom by the raga-rap group Gatecrash and a collective of Hip hop musicians to protest the policies of apartheid in South Africa.
The group's debut single, Beyond the 16th Parallel, was released on Island Records "4th & Broadway" label. It was followed by a music video. The artists involved donated all royalties to the African National Congress.
The second B.R.O.T.H.E.R. project was a three-track EP, Ghettogeddon, focusing on the issue of inner city gun culture in the early 1990s. The artists involved donated all royalties to SCAR, Sickle Cell Anemia Research.

## Participants

* Adisa
* Cookie Crew
* Crucial Robbie
* The Demon Boyz
* Jerry Dammers
* Five Black Intellects
* Freshki
* Gatecrash
* Gunshot
* Bernie Grant
* Hijack
* Icepick
* Junior San
* Katch 22
* Junior Reid
* The London Posse
* London Rhyme Syndicate
* MC Mell'O'
* Mr Banton
* Overlord X
* Ricky Rankin
* Rebel MC
* Andrew Sloley
* She Rockers
* Son of Noise
* Standing Ovation
* Sweetie Ire
* Tenna Fly
* Tippa Irie
* Trouble & Bass
# Tuncer

Tuncer is a Turkish surname and a masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:

## Surname

* Buğrahan Tuncer (born 1993), Turkish professional basketball player
* Cem Tuncer (born 1978), bass guitarist, composer, arranger, and producer
* Cengiz Tuncer (1942–1992), Turkish politician
* Erol Tuncer (born 1938), Turkish engineer, bureaucrat and politician
* Firat Tuncer (born 1995), Turkish football player
* Onur Tuncer (born 1984), Turkish football player
* M. Nurullah Tuncer (born 1959), Turkish theatre director
* Mustafa Tuncer (born 1971), Turkish politician
* Onur Tuncer (born 1984), Turkish football player
* Yenal Tuncer (born 1985), Turkish football player

## Given name

* Tuncer Bakırhan (born 1970), Turkish Kurdish politician
* Tuncer Cebeci (1934–2021), Turkish-American engineer and academic
* Tuncer Kayalar (born 1952), Turkish diplomat
* Tuncer Ören (born c. 1935), Turkish Canadian systems engineer and academic