OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Balkanton

Balkanton (Bulgarian: Балкантон) was a state-owned record manufacturing company in Bulgaria founded in 1952. Many of the produced records were, or still are available in the countries of the former Eastern Bloc. Balkanton's plant in Sofia was equipped for all aspects of record manufacturing from recording the masters and pressing the vinyl records to printing the cover. Multi-channel sound recording was introduced in 1972 with equipment purchased from England. In 1982, Balkanton received its own digital recording equipment. By the mid-1980s, annual LP production reached 9 million units. The company mainly produced LPs and from 1980 it started to manufacture cassettes. Being the only record company in Bulgaria during four decades, Balkanton accumulated a vast library of performances of folk, classical, Bulgarian and foreign popular music, theater, poetry and more. After a couple of attempts to reorganize the company in the 1990s, it was finally privatized in 1999. Currently, Balkanton is reissuing some of its old recordings, mainly in the digital format, closing deals with digital distributors like Amazon.com, Spotify, 7digital and more.
Balkanton is located at No.6 Haidushka Polyana Street, Sofia, but is not known to have a company web presence. Second-hand Balkanton records are widely available at tourist-oriented market stalls in Sofia and other Bulgarian cities.
# Vabis

Vabis was the abbreviation and later also trademark of Swedish railway car manufacturer Vagnfabriks Aktiebolaget i Södertälje, which translates Wagon Factory Limited Company of Södertälje, established in 1891 in Södertälje. Vabis also manufactured petrol engines, automobiles, trucks, motor-powered draisines, motorboats and marine engines. The company was in 1911 merged with Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania, to form Scania-Vabis.

## History

The company was established in December 1891 by steel manufacturer Surahammars Bruk [sv] and engineer and entrepreneur Philip Wersén [sv] (1854–1940), in what was then known as Södertelge, Södermanland County. Customers for the railway cars were the Swedish State Railways (SJ), Stockholms Spårvägar and other, private railway operators. In 1900, Vabis had a peak year, building a total of 323 carriages. Around 1904, they were allocated to build 150 carriages per year for SJ. The demand for carriages had levelled out, and manufacturers like Vabis needed to find other markets to stay afloat.
The first automobile built related to the company was a four-seater designed by Gustaf Erikson in Surahammar in 1897. Erikson had been hired by Vabis in 1896 to design engines and motorized carriages. Strongly resembling a contemporary carriage, it used a one-cylinder kerosene engine, tiller steering, and was not a success. Erikson replaced it with a tube-ignition four-stroke flat-twin in 1898, mounting it in a horse carriage, which he drove briefly. He then joined Vabis and started building automobiles. The first truck was built in 1902. In December 1903, one of their automobiles was displayed at the auto show in Paris. The same year, they also received the first actual order for a motor vehicle, a rail inspection car for Ystad–Eslövs Järnväg, powered by a one-cylinder 3.5-horsepower engine.
After being used as an abbreviation for the tongue-twisting company name for some time, "Vabis" was registered as a trademark in 1906. In 1908, a new 3-ton truck with a 20-horsepower engine was developed, winning the gold medal at the Swedish Royal Automobile Club's international truck competition in 1909, but there was no real market for the trucks, selling only five vehicles per year, in comparison to the company's expectance of 50 per year.
Surahammars Bruk kept losing money on the Vabis factory, and tried selling it, with the option of even closing it down if no buyer was found. But a buyer was found in Per Alfred Nordeman, managing director of Malmö-based Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania, a company with far better success in building automobiles and trucks, and with the need for a partner to build coachwork. An agreement was reached in November 1910, and in 1911 the two companies were merged to create Scania-Vabis, today known as Scania AB. Development and production of engines and light automobiles continued at Vabis' location, while trucks were manufactured in Malmö, together with the headquarters. Headquarters moved to Södertälje in 1912, and truck manufacturing too in the late 1920s.
Examples of Vabis vehicles can be seen at the Scania Museum in the Marcus Wallenberg-hallen in Södertälje.
# Sayan Ghosh

Sayan Ghosh (born 16 September 1992) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Bengal. He made his first-class debut on 7 November 2015 in the 2015–16 Ranji Trophy. In February 2017, he was bought by the Kolkata Knight Riders team for the 2017 Indian Premier League for 10 lakhs. In January 2018, he was bought by the Delhi Capitals in the 2018 IPL auction.
# Jim Hill (Oregon politician)

Jim Hill (born April 23, 1947) is an American attorney, financial consultant, and politician who served two terms as Oregon State Treasurer from January 4, 1993, to January 1, 2001. Hill had previously served in both chambers of the Oregon Legislative Assembly.

## Early life and education

He was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics from Michigan State University in 1969. He received both an MBA (1971) and a Juris Doctor (1974) from Indiana University Bloomington.

## Career

Hill was elected treasurer in 1992, the first African American elected to statewide office in Oregon. He had previously served in the Oregon State Senate (1987–1993) and the Oregon House of Representatives (1983–1987). He ran unsuccessfully for the House in 1980, and for governor in 2002 and 2006.
In 2010, Hill was briefly a candidate in the special election for Oregon State Treasurer, to complete the term of Ben Westlund, who died in office.

## Personal life

Divorced with one grown daughter, Hill resides in Salem, Oregon.
# Mengjiao Dai, Yi and Lahu Ethnic Township

Mengjiao Dai, Yi and Lahu Ethnic Township (Chinese: 勐角傣族彝族拉祜族乡), commonly abbreviated as Mengjiao Ethnic Township or Mengjiao Township, is a rural township in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County, Yunnan, China. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 13,990 and an area of 216.75-square-kilometre (83.69 sq mi). It is surrounded by Menglai Township on the north, Banhong Township on the west, Nuoliang Township on the east, and Mengdong Town on the south.

## Name

The word Mengjiao is transliteration in Dai language. "Mengjiao" means a place to start a family.

## History

In the early history, the area had always been under Tusi jurisdiction. Mengjiao was incorporated as a town in 1945, after the Second Sino-Japanese War. After the establishment of the Communist State in 1954, Mengjiao District was established. In 1968 it was renamed Mengjiao Commune and then was renamed Hongzhong Commune in the next year. In 1988 it was upgraded to an ethnic township.

## Administrative division

As of 2017, the township is divided into 9 villages: Mengjiao (Chinese: 勐角), Lianhuatang (Chinese: 莲花塘), Kongjiao (Chinese: 控角), Wengding (Chinese: 翁丁), Mengka (Chinese: 勐卡), Manggong (Chinese: 芒公), Nuozhang (Chinese: 糯掌), Kongjing (Chinese: 控井), and Menggan (Chinese: 勐甘).

## Geography

The highest point in the township is Mount Wokan (Chinese: 窝坎大山), which, at 2,605 metres (8,547 ft) above sea level.
The largest body of water is Wengding Reservoir (Chinese: 翁丁水库).
The township enjoys a subtropical humid monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 18.5 °C (65.3 °F) and average annual rainfall of 1,602.1-millimetre (63.07 in).

## Economy

The area is rich in coal mines.
Natural rubber, cassava, tea, walnuts and rapeseed are major cash crops.

## Education

The town has 8 primary schools and 1 middle school.

## Religion

Jinlong Temple is a Buddhist temple in the township.

## Transportation

The S314 Xiaocang Provincial Highway (Chinese: S314小沧公路) passes across the township.

## Attractions

Part of the township belongs to Nangun River Natural Protection Area (Chinese: 南滚河自然保护区).
# Prashant Kumar (cricketer)

Prashant Kumar (born 26 September 1992) is an Indian cricketer. He made his first-class debut on 17 December 2019, for Haryana in the 2019–20 Ranji Trophy.
# Lenka Matějáková

Lenka Matějáková (born 1986) is a Czech violinist.

## Career

Born in Jilemnice, Czechoslovakia, Matějáková received her first violin lessons at the age of five at the primary music school in Prague with Eva Bublová. She continued her education at the Prague Conservatory in the class of Pavel Kudelásek.
From 2007 to 2008 she studied at the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna with Jela Špitková, and from 2008 to 2012 with Jan Pospíchal. This was followed by Master's studies at the Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber Dresden with Jörg Faßmann. From 2014 to 2015 she was in the class of Wolfgang Hentrich. She took part in various master class in Israel, France, Switzerland, the US and the Czech Republic.
Together with Václav Hudeček she went on tour in the Czech Republic. Under the direction of Ekkehard Klemm, she performed Benjamin Britten's violin concerto as part of the university symphony concerts in the Semperoper Dresden.
Recitals have taken her to various cities in Europe. As a soloist she has performed with Czech orchestras, including in the Rudolfinum with the Czech National Symphony Orchestra and in the Prague Castle with the Czech Chamber Philharmonic Prague, as well as in the Bedřich Smetana Hall of the Municipal House with the Prague Symphony Orchestra. From 2012 to 2013, she was a member of the Giuseppe Sinopoli Academy of the Sächsische Staatskapelle Dresden.
She has performed at international music festivals, including the Mährischer Herbst, the Festspiele Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [de], the Festival van Vlaanderen, the Walkenrieder Kreuzgangkonzerte and participated in competitions. With the "Puella Trio" she was awarded best chamber music ensemble in Weikersheim.
Matějáková is a scholarship holder of the Brücke/Most Foundation [de] and the German Academic Exchange Service.
In 2016, she had a temporary contract at the Dresden Philharmonic as deputy 1st concert master. At the same time, she founded the chamber music ensemble with her long-time chamber music partners. "Ensemble International".

## Prizes and awards

* 2003: 1st prize – International Violin Competition Open Art, Nová Paka (Czech Republic).
* 2010: 2nd prize – Stefanie Hohl Violin Competition, Vienna.
* 2013: eco-Preis – BASF Schwarzheide [de] GmbH.

## Discography

* Mit dem Puella Trio veröffentlichte Lenka Matějáková im Jahr 2009 eine CD mit zeitgenössischer tschechischer Musik.
* Duo animé: works by Antonin Dvořák, Leoš, Bohuslav Martin°u and Josef Suk. Lenka Matějáková (violin), Dariya Hrynkiv (piano), GENUIN classics, Leipzig 2019.
# John Stuchell Fisher

John Stuchell Fisher (May 25, 1867 – June 25, 1940) was an American politician who served as the 29th governor of Pennsylvania from 1927 until 1931. A Republican, he had previously served as a Pennsylvania State Senator from 1901 until 1907.

## Life and career

Fisher was born in South Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania, in 1867. Fisher graduated from Pennsylvania's Indiana State Normal School (now Indiana University of Pennsylvania) and began his career as a teacher; he then served as principal for schools in Plumville and Indiana, Pennsylvania.
In 1893, Fisher finished his law degree, was admitted into the Pennsylvania Bar, and set up a private practice. He won his first major office, to the Pennsylvania State Senate, in 1900. He was re-elected in 1904 but did not seek re-election in 1908. He later served on the state's Commission on Constitutional Revision. From 1919 to 1922 he served in the cabinet of Governor William Cameron Sproul as State Commissioner of Banking. He was elected Governor in 1926.
As governor, Fisher focused on fiscal policy, public works, and conservation. Partly due to his efforts to eliminate voting fraud, the state began using mechanical voting machines. The Department of Revenue was established during his term. Fisher's term was marked by major investments in public works, most notably the Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Bridge in Harrisburg. Fisher was nicknamed "The Builder"; during his administration nearly 500,000 acres (2,000 km$^2$) was added to Pennsylvania's state forests. According to Major Israel McCreight, "Without his vigorous strokes for justice and fair play there would not now be the Cook Forest State Park."
After leaving office, Fisher became a consultant to his son's law firm. He also served on the boards of several financial establishments, Indiana Hospital, Indiana State Normal School, and Pennsylvania State College. He died in Pittsburgh in 1940.

## Sources

* ↑ Sharon Trostle, ed. (2009). The Pennsylvania Manual (PDF). Vol. 119. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Department of General Services. ISBN 978-0-8182-0334-3.
* ↑ M. I. McCreight (1936) Cook Forest Park: Story of the Sixteen Year Battle to Save the Last Stand of Historic Penn's Woods. The When, The Why and How of I. p. 101-102.
* National Governors Association
* Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
* ExplorePAHistory.com
* William Ainsworth Cornell, The Political Career of John S. Fisher, Governor of Pennsylvania 1927-1931 (Indiana, Pennsylvania: MA thesis: State Teachers College, 1947).
Political offices :
| Preceded byGifford Pinchot | Governor of Pennsylvania 1927–1931 | Succeeded byGifford Pinchot |
| Pennsylvania State Senate |||
| Preceded byJames Mitchell | Member of the Pennsylvania Senate for the 37th District 1901–1907 | Succeeded byTheodore Kurtz |
| Party political offices |||
| Preceded byGifford Pinchot | Republican nominee for Governor of Pennsylvania 1926 | Succeeded byGifford Pinchot |
# Vera Thomas

Vera Sybil Thomas (née Dace; 3 December 1921 – 9 July 1995) was an English international table tennis and tennis player.

## Table tennis career

She won seven medals at the World Table Tennis Championships including three gold medals; two in the team events and one as a member of the winning doubles team in the 1948 World Table Tennis Championships with Peggy Franks. She also won three English Open titles.

## Tennis career

As a tennis player she competed in 15 editions of the Wimbledon Championships between 1946 and 1961. Her best result in the singles was reaching the fourth round in 1948 in which she lost to Nelly Landry.

## Personal life

She married Arthur Thomas in 1947 and became Vera Thomas-Dace.
# American Music Award for Favorite Rap/Hip Hop Band/Duo/Group

The American Music Award for Favorite Rap/Hip Hop Band/Duo/Group was awarded since 2003, but was discontinued after 2008. Years reflect the year during which the awards were presented, for works released in the previous year (until 2003 onward, when awards were handed out on November of the same year). The all-time winner in this category is tied between Outkast and The Black Eyed Peas with two wins each. The Black Eyed Peas are the most nominated act with three nominations.

## Winners and nominees
### 2000s

| Year | Artist |
| 2003 (30th) |
| 2003 (30th) | Outkast |
| 2003 (30th) | B2K |
| 2003 (30th) | Nappy Roots |
| 2003 (31st) | |
| 2003 (31st) | Lil Jon and the East Side Boyz |
| 2003 (31st) | The Black Eyed Peas |
| 2003 (31st) | Bone Crusher |
| 2004 (32nd) | |
| 2004 (32nd) | Outkast |
| 2004 (32nd) | G-Unit |
| 2004 (32nd) | Ying Yang Twins |
| 2005 (33rd) | |
| 2005 (33rd) | The Black Eyed Peas |
| 2005 (33rd) | Lil Jon and the East Side Boyz |
| 2005 (33rd) | Ying Yang Twins |
| 2006 (34th) | |
| 2006 (34th) | The Black Eyed Peas |
| 2006 (34th) | Dem Franchize Boyz |
| 2006 (34th) | Three 6 Mafia |
| 2007 (35th) | |
| 2007 (35th) | Bone Thugs-n-Harmony |
| 2007 (35th) | Pretty Ricky |
| 2007 (35th) | Shop Boyz |
| 2008 (36th) | |
| 2008 (36th) | Three 6 Mafia |
| 2008 (36th) | G-Unit |
| 2008 (36th) | Wu-Tang Clan |

## Category facts
### Multiple Wins
#### 2 wins

* The Black Eyed Peas
* Outkast
# Air Cortez

Air Cortez was a United States FAR 121 and 135 commuter airline that operated from 1977 to 1986. Air Cortez served a number of cities in Southern California, Arizona, Nevada and Baja California. In 1981, Air Cortez was operating nonstop passenger service between Ontario Airport (ONT) and Yuma, Arizona (YUM) with a Beech 18 prop aircraft. In 1985, the airline was operating scheduled passenger service between Las Vegas (LAS) and Grand Canyon National Park Airport (GCN) with Fairchild F-27 turboprop and Cessna 402 prop aircraft. Air Cortez also operated scheduled international passenger service to Mexico with the Fairchild F-27 on a routing of Ontario-San Diego-Guaymas-Mulege-Loreto.

## History

Air Cortez, also known as Air Cortez International, and as Tucan Air (Central America), was based at Ontario, California. Its cargo and passenger operations were based at Ontario Airport, and included scheduled and demand passenger and cargo service to most of the contiguous states, Jamaica, Panama, Mexico, Guatemala, Grand Bahama, Cuba, Honduras, Belize and the Channel Islands.
In 1986, the airline ceased operations.

## Fleet

It operated a mixed fleet of Beechcraft D-18, E-18S, G-18S and H-18S, Cessna 401, 402, 404, 411, 414 and 421, and Fairchild F-27 and F-27J aircraft.
# Fernando Tomé

Fernando Massano Tomé (born 10 July 1947 in Porto) is a Portuguese former football midfielder and manager. His career was mostly associated to Vitória de Setúbal, as both a player and coach.

## Honours

Vitória Setúbal
* Taça de Portugal: 1966–67
Sporting CP
* Primeira Liga: 1973–74
* Taça de Portugal: 1970–71, 1972–73, 1973–74
# Uniikki

Dan Ahti Tolppanen (born 11 June 1981) is a Finnish rapper, better known by his stage name Uniikki (meaning unique). He is the co-founder in of Rähinä Records (founded in 1998) with Elastinen, Iso H, Andu and Tasis.
Uniikki was born to a Jewish mother and Finnish father. He is a nephew of Finnish politician Ben Zyskowicz. He grew up in Malminkartano, Helsinki. Uniikki gained fame through membership in Finnish band Kapasiteettiyksikkö. For some recordings, he appeared in Rähinä (effectively a duo effort of Elastinen & Uniikki). He works as a solo act, and signed to his own Rähinä Records, but also has a great number of collaborations.

## Discography
### Albums

| Year | Album | Peak position | Certifications | Notes |
| Year | Album | FIN | Certifications | Notes |
| 2005 | Aika ei venaa ketään | – | | |
| 2009 | Juokse poika juokse | – | | |
| 2011 | Suurempaa | 24 | | |
| 2012 | Kiitorata | 20 | | |
| 2013 | #Kylänmies | 33 | | |
| 2015 | Pikku prinssi | – | | |

### Mixtapes

* 2008: Nuor Tolppanen vol. 1
* 2011: 8190 (mixtape with MG:n)
* 2012: Nuor Tolppanen vol. 2

### Singles
#### Charting

| Year | Single | Peak position | Certifications | Album |
| Year | Single | FIN | Certifications | Album |
| 2005 | "Pojat on poikii" (feat. Elastinen & Spekti) | 10 | | |
| 2005 | "Kotka" (feat Hookki-Heikki & MG) | 13 | | |

#### Others

* 2005: "En pyydä muuta" (with Illi)
* 2009: "Myrskyn silmäs" (with Mia)
* 2009: "Niinku elokuvis" (with Jimi Pääkallo)
* 2011: "Suurempaa" (with Mia)
* 2011: "Kesäbaustaa"
* 2011: "Kunnon mestaan vetää" (with Elastinen & Spekti)
* 2011: "Ulkopuolelle" (with Tasis)
* 2012: "Paita pois"
* 2012: (FIN #16)

#### Promotional singles

* 2008: "Vaik mitä tekis"
* 2008: "Sä et enää rakasta mua"
* 2009: "Tehdään tää näin" (with Wörlin & RZY)

#### As Rähinä – Elastinen & Uniikki

| Year | Single | Peak position | Certifications | Album |
| Year | Single | FIN | Certifications | Album |
| 2005 | "Jeppiskamaa" (Rähinä – Elastinen & Uniikki) | 8 | | |

#### Featured in

| Year | Title | Peak position | Album |
| Year | Title | FIN | Album |
| 2013 | "Loppuviikko" (Elastinen featuring Uniikki, Timo Pieni Huijaus, Tasis & Spekti) | 12 | Joka päivä koko päivä |
| 2013 | "Boom Kah" (Robin featuring Mikael Gabriel & Uniikki) | 4 | Boom Kah |
# Otho R. Singleton

Otho Robards Singleton (October 14, 1814 – January 11, 1889) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi and a member of the Confederate States Congress during the American Civil War.

## Biography

Born near Nicholasville, Kentucky, he was the son of Lewis Singleton, a hemp manufacturer who owned a factory near Keene, Kentucky. Lewis's father, and Otho's grandfather, was Louis Singleton, a Jessamine County sheriff and Kentucky state senator.
Singleton attended the common schools. He graduated from St. Joseph's College, Bardstown, Kentucky, and from the law department of the University of Lexington. He was admitted to the bar in 1838 and commenced practice in Canton, Mississippi. He served as member of the State house of representatives in 1846 and 1847. He served in the State senate 1848–1854.

### Congress

Singleton was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection.
Singleton was elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses and served from March 4, 1857, until January 12, 1861, when he withdrew.

### Confederate Congress

He served as a representative from Mississippi in the First Confederate Congress and Second Confederate Congress from 1861 to 1865.

### Return to U.S. Congress

Singleton was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1887). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1886.

### Death and burial

He died in Washington, D.C., January 11, 1889. He was interred in Canton Cemetery, Canton, Mississippi.

## Personal life

Singleton married; his wife predeceased him. His son, Dr. Richard H. Singleton (born May 9, 1844) was a prominent doctor in Louisville, Kentucky, and a member of the Indiana, Kentucky, and Mississippi medical societies. His daughter, Kate, married Junius M. Smith and lived in North Carolina.
# Dehnow Qalandari

Dehnow Qalandari (Persian: دهنوقلندري, also romanized as Dehnow Qalandarī; also known as Deh Now) is a village in Qarah Chaman Rural District, Arzhan District, Shiraz County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 977, in 212 families.
# The Stanway School

The Stanway School is a mixed secondary school located in Stanway in the English county of Essex.
The school was converted to academy status in May 2013, and used to be a community school under the direct control of Essex County Council. The school continues to coordinate with Essex County Council for admissions.
The Stanway School offers the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSEs), Business and Technology Education Council (BTECs) and OCR Nationals as programmes of study for pupils. The school has a Humanities, Maths & Computing specialism, and offers additional courses in these subjects.
The school is part of the Stanway Federation Academy Trust with the Thomas Lord Audley School and is also part of the Sigma Trust.
The Stanway School is the subject of the 2024 docuseries Swiped: The Schools That Banned Smartphones.

## Notable former pupils

* Damon Albarn, musician and singer-songwriter of the bands Blur and Gorillaz
* Graham Coxon, musician and guitarist of the band Blur
* Natalie Jones, paralympic swimmer
* Adam Miller, former footballer
* Sammie Szmodics, footballer
# Kordestan-e Bozorg

Kordestan-e Bozorg (Persian: كردستان بزرگ) is a village in Dodangeh Rural District of the Central District of Behbahan County, Khuzestan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 2,219 in 399 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,315 people in 576 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 2,278 people in 615 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.