OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lola Esbrat

Lola Esbrat (born 29 August 1997) is a French pair skater. With her skating partner Andrei Novoselov, she has won three international medals and is the 2018 French national champion.

## Personal life

Esbrat was born on 29 August 1997 in Paris. She studied law via correspondence courses but had stopped her studies by January 2017.

## Career

Esbrat began learning to skate in 2004. She competed in ladies' singles through the 2013–14 season. She started training as a pair skater, in partnership with Nicolas Hejzlar, by July 2014.

### Partnership with Novoselov

Esbrat teamed up with Russia's Andrei Novoselov in mid-2015. They are coached by Claude Thevenard in Paris and compete for France. In 2016, the pair won bronze medals at the Toruń Cup and Bavarian Open. In early April, they competed at the 2016 World Championships in Boston; they qualified to the free skate and finished 16th overall.
In the 2016–17 season, Esbrat/Novoselov won the silver medal at the NRW Trophy and placed 5th at the Toruń Cup. In January 2017, they placed 11th in the short program, 13th in the free skate, and 13th overall at the 2017 European Championships in Ostrava, Czech Republic.

## Programs

(with Novoselov)
| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2017–2018 | Nocturne (from Lady Caliph) by Ennio Morricone performed by Yo-Yo Ma | The Great Gatsby Back to Black by Amy Winehouse, Mark Ronson Catgroove by Parov Stelar Hotel Sayre by Craig Armstrong Young and Beautiful by Lana Del Rey Crazy in Love |
| 2016–2017 | Memoirs of a Geisha by John Williams | The Great Gatsby Back to Black performed by Beyoncé Cat Groove by Parov Stelar Young and Beautiful by Lana Del Rey Crazy in Love performed by Emeli Sandé |
| 2015–2016 | Fallin' by Alicia Keys | Maleficent by James Newton Howard Once Upon a Dream performed by Lana Del Rey Maleficent by James Newton Howard |

## Competitive highlights

GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series

### Pairs with Novoselov

International :
| Event | 2015–16 | 2016–17 | 2017–18 | 2018-19 |
| World Champ. | 16th | 27th | 25th | |
| European Champ. | | 13th | 10th | |
| GP France | | WD | 7th | WD |
| CS Tallinn Trophy | | | 4th | |
| Bavarian Open | 3rd | | | |
| Cup of Nice | | | 5th | |
| Cup of Tyrol | 4th | | | |
| NRW Trophy | | 2nd | | |
| Toruń Cup | 3rd | 5th | | |
| National |||||
| French Champ. | | 2nd | 1st | |
| Master's | | | 2nd | |
| TBD = Assigned; WD = Withdrew |||||

### Ladies' singles

International :
| Event | 2013–14 |
| Coupe du Printemps | 2nd J |
| National ||
| French Junior Championships | 5th |
| J = Junior level ||
# Sir Thomas Barnardiston, 1st Baronet

Sir Thomas Barnardiston, 1st Baronet (died 14 October 1669) was an English baronet, landowner, soldier and MP who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1640 and 1659. He fought on the Parliamentary side in the English Civil War.

## Biography

Barnardiston was the son of Sir Nathaniel Barnardiston of Kedington ("Ketton"), Suffolk and his wife Jane, daughter of Sir Stephen Soame, Lord Mayor of London. His brother was Sir Samuel Barnardiston, 1st Bart. of Brightwell, Suffolk. He matriculated from St Catharine's College, Cambridge in Autumn 1633 and was admitted at Gray's Inn on 1 May 1635.
Barnardiston was knighted in 1641 but fought on the side of parliament in the Civil War. In 1645, he was elected Member of Parliament for Bury St. Edmunds in the Long Parliament and survived Pride's Purge. He commanded a foot regiment of the Suffolk Trained Bands at the Siege of Colchester in 1648. In 1654 he was elected one of the MPs for Suffolk for the First Protectorate Parliament and in 1656 in the Second Protectorate Parliament. He was re-elected in 1659 for the Third Protectorate Parliament and reattended as a member for Bury St Edmunds in the Restored Rump Parliament in 1659.
Barnardiston married Anne Airmine, daughter of Sir William Airmine, 1st Baronet of Osgodby in South Kesteven, Lincolnshire. He supported the Restoration of the Monarchy, and was created 1st Baronet of Ketton by King Charles II on 7 April 1663. He died in 1669 and was buried at Kedington. He was succeeded by his son Sir Thomas (1646–1698). His daughter Anne became the second wife of the traveller Sir Philip Skippon (1641-1691) of Wrentham and Edwardstone in Suffolk.
# Lucienne M'belu

Lucienne M'belu (born August 3, 1989 in Créteil) is a French athlete, who specializes in 100 meter and 200 meter competitions. Her club is EACPA (l'Entente Agglomération Cergy Pontoise Athlétisme).
# Ursula Barnett

Ursula A. Barnett (died 2016) was a German-South African businesswoman, literary scholar and political activist.

## Life

Ursula Barnett was born in Slovenia to Jewish parents: her father Felix Gross was a writer and journalist, and her mother Elsa Rosenblum a piano teacher and masseuse. She grew up in Berlin until the family escaped Nazism to Cape Town, South Africa. She gained a degree at Rhodes University, an MA from the University of Cape Town and she won a scholarship to study MSc in journalism from Columbia University. When her father died in 1961, she took over his business in Cape Town, the International Press Agency (Inpra).
In 1971 she gained a PhD from the University of Cape Town, on African English-language writing. She published her thesis in 1983, and in 1976 published a biography of the literary scholar Es'kia Mphahlele. In the 1970s she became an observer of youth trials in township courts on behalf of Black Sash. In 1983, with Sue Williamson and others, she helped found the Women's Movement for Peace.
Her husband died in 1986, and she moved to join her children in England in 1989. There she started a literary agency for South African writers. She also joined the ANC and was active in local anti-apartheid politics.

## Works

* Ezekiel Mphahlele, 1976
* A Vision of Order: A Study of Black South African Literature in English, 1914–1980, 1983
# Lokavibhaga

The Lokavibhāga (literally "division of the universe") is a 5th-century Sanskrit text by Rishi Simhasuri. Its manuscript was first discovered in an Indian temple of Karnataka by M.R.R. Narasimhachar. The Lokavibhaga consists of 11 chapters and a total of 1737 verses (shlokas) distributed over these chapters. The text has an incomplete colophon, which states it was completed in a village named Patalika near Kanchi (Tamil Nadu) in the 22nd year of Simhavarman's rule in Banarastra. The colophon includes astronomical observations along with a samvat date and year which together confirm the text was published by Rishi Simhasuri on 25 August 458 CE.
The Lokavibhaga is notable as the oldest known text in the world that clearly uses three principles of positional decimal arithmetic system together – graphical signs and terms as numerals, assigning a value to the same numeral depending on the position it occupies in a number, and the use of fully operational zero. This Indian system contrasted with competing ancient arithmetic systems developed independently in Babylon, ancient Rome and China.
The text presents Jain cosmology. It has been claimed by the Digambara tradition of Jainism to be a Sanskrit translation of an older Prakrit-language text Loyavibhaga by Muni Sarvanandi. The Lokavibhaga mentions Sarvanandi and others, but does not mention any text called "Loyavibhaga". No manuscript copy of the claimed older Prakrit "Loyavibhaga" has been found so far.
The Lokavibhaga presents its cosmological ideas in a form that takes its mathematical system for granted. It is not a mathematical treatise, and it does not introduce principles of positional decimal arithmetic system. The arithmetic system used in Lokavibhaga text, state Jain and Dani, must have been invented earlier by someone else in some other context. That system of expressing numbers with positional decimal arithmetic was accepted and must have been in wide use in India by mid 5th-century to appear as it does in the Lokavibhaga text. The same Indian arithmetic system and operations appears in the mathematical treatise of Aryabhata published in 510 CE.
The surviving manuscripts of the Lokavibhāga are listed in the New Catalogus Catalogorum. The published edition of the surviving Lokvibhaga manuscript is a palm leaf copy of the original Sanskrit text, likely from 11th or 12th century. The text was edited and translated in 1962 into the Hindi language by Balachandra Siddhanta-Shastri.
# Fondas

Fondas, also known as ramadas or chinganas, are temporary establishments in Chile that emerge during the Fiestas Patrias, a national celebration held in September. These venues offer a wide array of food and beverages to the public. One of the most renowned fondas is La Grandiosa Bertita, situated in O'Higgins Park, Santiago, Chile.
Fondas are found throughout towns and cities across Chile and serve as hubs for Chilean folkloric culture. Visitors can experience traditional music, participate in the cueca dance, and witness the thrilling Chilean rodeo, held in the "Media Luna" arena. Attendees often dress as huasos, wearing straw hats and ponchos.
Traditional cuisine and beverages play a significant role in fondas, featuring dishes like mote con huesillo (a sweet drink made with wheat and dried peaches), anticuchos (meat skewers), and terremotos (a cocktail composed of pipeño wine, grenadine, and pineapple ice cream). Additionally, fondas offer various games and activities, including dart throwing, ring tossing to land on a beverage, and fishing pools for children to win prizes.
* This article related to the culture of Chile is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Lénaëlle Gilleron-Gorry

Lénaëlle Gilleron-Gorry (born 23 April 1995) is a French figure skater. She is the 2011 Merano Cup silver medalist, the 2012 Triglav Trophy bronze medalist, and placed 11th at the 2013 European Championships.

## Programs

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2012–2013 | Tristan & Iseult by Maxime Rodriguez | Memoirs of a Geisha by John Williams |
| 2011–2012 | Scène d'amour by Francis Lai performed by Sarah Brightman Chicago | Memoirs of a Geisha by John Williams |

## Competitive highlights

GP: Grand Prix; JGP: Junior Grand Prix
International :
| Event | 2009–10 | 2010–11 | 2011–12 | 2012–13 | 2013–14 | 2014–15 |
| Europeans | | | | 11th | | |
| GP Bompard | | | | | WD | |
| Cup of Nice | | | 7th | 7th | 17th | |
| Merano Cup | | 8th | 2nd | 9th | | |
| Triglav Trophy | | | 3rd | | | |
| International: Junior |||||||
| Junior Worlds | | | 27th | | | |
| JGP Austria | | 14th | | | | |
| JGP France | | 7th | | | | |
| JGP Germany | | | | 8th | | |
| JGP Latvia | | | 8th | | | |
| JGP Romania | | | 8th | | | |
| JGP Turkey | | | | 9th | | |
| EYOF | | 4th | | | | |
| Cup of Nice | 19th J. | 2nd J. | | | | |
| National |||||||
| French Champ. | 13th | 2nd | 5th | 4th | 4th |
| Masters | | 3rd J | 2nd | 1st | 3rd | WD |
| Team events |||||||
| World Team Trophy | | | | 6th T (12th P) | | |
| J. = Junior level; WD = Withdrew T = Team result; P = Personal result; Medals awarded for team result only. |||||||
# Gree (entertainer)

Kim Dong-hyeon (Korean: 김동현; born November 10, 1998), better known by his stage name Gree (그리), is a South Korean rapper, singer, actor and television personality signed to Brand New Music.

## Discography
### Singles

| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Sales | Album |
| Title | Year | KOR | Sales | Album |
| As lead artist |||||
| "Nineteen" (열아홉) | 2016 | 11 | KOR: 119,401+ | Nineteen |
| "Dangerous" (이불 밖은 위험해) | 2016 | 84 | KOR: 35,365 | GREEality Pt. 1 |
| As featured artist |||||
| "On Top Of Your Head" (모두가 내 발아래) (San E feat. MC Gree) | 2015 | — | KOR: 1,816 (physical) | The Boy Who Cried Wolf |
| Collaborations |||||
| "Already Christmas" (어느새 크리스마스) {with Yang Da-il, Chancellor, As One, and Min hee) | 2016 | — | KOR: 13,992 | Brand New Year 2016 - Better Tomorrow |
| "I'm Good" (with Jessi) | 2017 | — | KOR: 26,582 | Highschool Rapper Regional Competition, Pt. 2 |
| "Playlist" (with Kim Dong-hyun & Lee Dae-hwi of AB6IX, Hong Seong-jun & Yun Jung-hwan of BDC, Lee Eun-sang, and Kanto) | 2021 | — | — | Non-album single |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region. |||||

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref. |
| 2009 | White Tuft, the Little Beaver | Little Beaver | voice | |

### Television series

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2008 | Cooking Up Romance | Jang Soo-gon | |
| 2010 | Golden House | | cameo |
| 2010 | Honey Jar | | cameo |
| 2010 | King of Kimchi | | cameo |
| 2011 | Birdie Buddy | | cameo |
| 2012 | May Queen | young Chun Sang-tae | |
| 2013 | Glass Bandage | Lee Joon-ho | One act-drama |
| 2013 | Golden Rainbow | young Chun Soo-pyo | |
| 2017 | Hit the Top | | cameo (Ep. 7) |

### Television shows

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2017 | High School Rapper | Contestant |
| 2021 | Money Tech: I Can Rich | MC |
| 2022 | Godfather | Studio MC |
| 2022 | Is the parting will be a recall? | Judge |

### Web shows

| Year | Title | Role | Ref. |
| 2022 | Between Marriage and Divorce | Host | |

## Theater

| Year | English title | Korean title | Role | Ref. |
| 2023 | Dream High | 드림하이 | Jason | |

## Awards and nominations

Name of the award ceremony, year presented, category, nominee of the award, and the result of the nomination :
| Award ceremony | Year | Category | Nominee / Work | Result | Ref. |
| KBS Drama Awards | 2008 | Best Young Actor | Returned Earthen Bowl | Nominated | |
# Marie Laure Gigon

Marie Laure Gigon (born 15 June 1984) is a French sport shooter. She is also a member of ATP de Maiche for the shooting class, and is coached and trained by Maxime Lasalle.

## Biography

Gigon represented France at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed for two rifle shooting events. She placed seventh out of forty-seven shooters in the women's 10 m air rifle, with a total score of 497.3 points (396 in the preliminary and 101.3 in the final). Nearly a week later, Gigon competed for her second event, 50 m rifle 3 positions, where she was able to shoot 184 targets in a standing position, and 192 each in prone and in kneeling, for a total score of 568 points, finishing only in thirty-eighth place.
# Hazlitt Beatty

Hazlitt Michael Beatty was Cape Government Railways (Western System) Locomotive Superintendent (1885–1896) and Cape Government Railways Chief Locomotive Superintendent (1896–1910).

## Locomotives

By 1901, it was becoming increasingly apparent that a larger and more powerful version of the successful Cape Government Railways 6th Class locomotives would require fireboxes with appreciably larger grate areas. This was not possible with the existing type of frame on a Cape gauge locomotive, where the firebox was arranged between the rearmost coupled wheels. To overcome this problem, Beatty prepared designs for a new Cape 6th Class locomotive with a 2-6-2 wheel arrangement of which the frame terminated in front of the firebox, where it connected to a casting termed the "bridle casting". This casting extended out on either side and had wider spaced frames attached to its rear, which allowed a wider and deeper firebox. This was the first time that such a method of widening the frame had been used and it proved to be so successful that it was copied widely by both the Natal Government Railways (NGR) and the Central South African Railways (CSAR) in their subsequent locomotive designs. The one disadvantage of the bridle casting was that it proved prone to serious damage in even minor collisions. The design was applied to South African locomotives for many years to come, until boiler centre lines were raised to a height which permitted the main frames to be reduced in depth and therefore to continue right through to the rear buffer beam.
He died in 1916 at Rondebosch.
# Milicogate

Milicogate is a corruption scandal that implicates Chilean Army officers and funds. This scheme involves fraud and the misappropriation of public funds designated by the Secret Copper Law. The scandal was brought to light in 2015 through a story published by journalist Mauricio Weibel in The Clinic. As of March 2019, investigations conducted by prosecutors revealed that a minimum of 6.1 billion Chilean pesos pesos had been embezzled.
# Gloster Goldfinch

The Gloster Goldfinch was a single-engined single-seat high-altitude biplane fighter of all-metal construction from the later 1920s. It did not reach production and only one was built.

## Development

In January 1926 the Air Ministry funded Gloster Aircraft to produce an all-metal version of their Gamecock for a high altitude fighter role, hence requiring a supercharged engine. The result was the Goldfinch, a single-bay biplane with unequal span wings of marked stagger. Unsurprisingly, this aircraft had a strong similarity to the Gamecock and in particular to the Gamecock II with its narrow-chord ailerons. Because of the supercharged engine the fuselage was longer forward of the cockpit. The tail also was slightly different, the tailplane having rounded trailing tips and the fin, initially, was very broad in chord and short in height.
Only one Goldfinch was built but there were two rather different versions. The first build had all-metal wings but a fuselage of mixed metal and wood construction. Both the wings and fuselage were fabric covered. The fuselage was then rebuilt entirely of metal, apart from its covering and lengthened. The rebuild also brought a revised fin and rudder, with a narrower, higher fin of simpler overall shape. Throughout, the Goldfinch was powered by a supercharged 450 hp (335 kW) Bristol Jupiter VIIF driving a 9 ft (2.74 m) two-bladed fixed-pitch propeller.
The Goldfinch first flew in May 1927, and in December it went to RAF Martlesham Heath for trials where it proved fast and high with a rapid climb rate, and generally good manoeverability, although spinning behaviour was substandard. Gloster's submitted it as a contender for Air Ministry specification F.9/26 for an all-metal day-and-night fighter, but it failed to meet the required load and fuel requirements and was eliminated quite early. The Bristol Bulldog was the eventual winner, with the Goldfinch being used for trials at Martlesham Heath until October 1928.

## Specifications

Data from James 1971, p. 148
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Length: 22 ft 3 in (6.7 m)
* Wingspan: 30 ft 0 in (9.14 m)
* Height: 10 ft 6 in (3.19 m)
* Wing area: 274.3 sq ft (25.56 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 2,058 lb (933 kg)
* Gross weight: 3,236 lb (1,467 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Bristol Jupiter VIIF 9-cylinder supercharged radial , 450 hp (335 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 172 mph (276 km/h, 149 kn) at 10,000 ft (3,048 m)
* Service ceiling: 26,960 ft (8,217 m)
* Rate of climb: 1,250 ft/min (6.35 m/s) to 20,000 ft (6,096 m)
Armament
* 2×synchronised 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine guns firing forward
# Maëlle Picut

Maëlle Picut (born 23 November 1999) is a French rugby union player. Picut represents the France national team, and has earned 4 caps.

## Career

Picut competed at the 2023 Women's Six Nations Championship. She has played club rugby for Renaissance College, Durham University Women's Rugby Club, and Darlington Mowden Park Sharks.
# Fall from Grace (Borealis album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| SeaofTranquility | |
| HardrockHaven | 4.25/5 |
| AngryMetalGuy | |
Fall from Grace is the second studio album by the Canadian power metal/progressive metal band by Borealis. It was released in 2011 by Lion Music in North America and by Hydrant Music in Japan.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Borealis

## Personnel

* Matt Marinelli – vocals, guitars
* Sean Werlick – keyboards
* Jamie Smith – bass
* Sean Dowell – drums
* Ken Fobert – guitars

### Production

* Jordan Valeriote – recording, mixing
* Thomas "PLEC" Johansson – mastering
# Maëva Contion

Maëva Contion (born 31 May 1992 at Creil) is a French athlete, who specializes in the 400 meters hurdles.

## Biography

Junior Champion of France in 2010 and 2011, she won the bronze medal at the 2011 European Junior Championships where she ran 58.03. She was champion of France U23s in 2012 and 2014.
In 2015, at Villeneuve d'Ascq she won the French Elite Championships in 56.03, a personal best.

## Prize list
### International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing France ||||||
| 2011 | European Junior Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 3rd | 400 m hurdles | 58.03 |
| 2011 | European Junior Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 5th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:37.57 |
| 2013 | European U23 Championships | Tampere, Finland | 12th (h) | 400 m hurdles | 59.87 |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 19th (h) | 400 m hurdles | 58.31 |
| 2017 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Abidjan, Ivory Coast | 1st | 400 m hurdles | 57.38 |
| 2017 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Abidjan, Ivory Coast | 5th | 4 × 100 m relay | 46.31 |

### National

* French Championships in Athletics :
** winner of the 400m hurdles in 2015 ; 2nd in 2014

## Records

Personal Bests :
| Event | Performance | Location | Date |
| 400 hurdles | 56.03 | Villeneuve-d'Ascq | 12 July 2015 |
# Counting Stars (Be'O song)

"Counting Stars" is a song by South Korean rapper Be'O featuring Beenzino. It was released on December 12, 2021, through FameUs Entertainment. It was nominated for Hip-Hop Track of the Year at the Korean Hip-Hop Awards and peaked at number one the Gaon Digital Chart.

## Background

In October 2021, Be'O appeared on the rap competition TV show Show Me the Money 10 and performed "Counting Stars" in round two. The YouTube video of him singing the song went viral and amassed more than 10 million views. After Beenzino mentioned him and the song on his Instagram live, Be'O contacted him first and asked for a collaboration.

## Music and lyrics

According to IZM, the hook singing "Counting Stars!" makes a strong impression. Be'O's trendy vocal captivates listeners and Beenzino's verse showing affection for his stepfather gives an urban vibe.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| IZM | |
| Music Y | |
Lee Hong-hyeon of IZM rated "Counting Stars" 3 out of 5 stars. According to Lee, "although the mixing is causing controversy as it made the cool and clear voice of the performance version muffled and unclear, the song is good because there is no contrived accent nor pitch. It is a song where you can get immersed in the lofi mood comfortably."
Critics of Music Y also rated the song 3 out of 5 stars. According to Kim Seong-hwan, the composition of the hook focusing on metaphors rather than rhymes such as "Counting stars / Pearls in the night sky / Better than your Louis Vuitton" makes listeners feel immersed in it. He concluded that it "shows the strength of the typical Korean popular hip hop."
According to netizen voters of the Korean Hip-hop Awards, it "greatly contributed to the mainstream reception and development of hip-hop" with "Beenzino's feature adding fun and narrative".

## Awards and nominations

| Award | Year | Category | Result |
| Genie Music Awards | 2022 | Song of the Year | Nominated |
| Korean Hip-hop Awards | 2022 | Hip-hop Track of the Year | Nominated |
| Melon Music Awards | 2022 | Song of the Year | Nominated |

## Commercial performance

"Counting Stars" became the fastest song to reach number one on Melon in 2021. It later peaked at number one on the Gaon Digital Chart and the Gaon Download Chart for two consecutive weeks.

## Charts

| Chart (2021) | Peak position |
| South Korea (Gaon) | 1 |
# Postage stamps and postal history of Chile

Chile has produced stamps for national use since 1853. The first stamps of Chile were inscribed Colon Chile.
In 1894, Chile was one of the few countries to issue a stamp for the Avis de réception service.