OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Groom's cake

A groom's cake is a wedding tradition that originated in Victorian England, but is more frequently observed in the American South. While a wedding cake may often be light in texture or color and decorated in white, the groom‘s cake can take a variety of forms. Many incorporate chocolate or fruit. Cheesecake sometimes serves as a groom's cake. The groom's cake is often served at a separate table from the wedding cake at a wedding reception or wedding breakfast, and may also be served as a dessert at the rehearsal dinner.

## History

The tradition of the groom's cake began in Britain. The groom's cake was often richer than the bride's, since stronger flavors such as chocolate, fruitcake, and alcohol were considered more masculine. Groom's cakes during the Victorian era were heavy, dense fruitcakes. A characteristic recipe for the groom's fruit cake was published in The British Baker in 1897. Eventually, flour cakes, either white or chocolate, supplanted fruit cakes as the most popular choice.
Groom’s cake is a tradition most popular in the Southeastern United States. It was brought over from Britain by colonists. The Southern groom's cake was traditionally a dark-liquor soaked fruitcake, especially in Virginia. The white-iced bride's cake was considered too light for masculinity. Chocolate groom's cakes became popular in the late 19th century, but they can be any flavor, such as carrot cake, red velvet cake, etc.
Groom's cakes are usually served at the wedding reception as a second flavor choice to the guests, but are often served at the rehearsal dinner in some regions. Groom's cakes are often decorated to reflect the groom's hobbies or interests, such as golfing, fishing, hunting, and other sports. The 1989 movie Steel Magnolias features a famous scene with a red velvet groom's cake shaped as a giant armadillo.
Another tradition was to cut a piece of the cake and put it in a small box, then present the box to an unmarried woman attending the wedding. The woman was not expected to eat the cake, but rather to put it under her pillow. Superstition held that this tradition would help an unmarried woman find a husband.
# John Ryder (bishop)

John Ryder (c. 1697 – 4 February 1775) was the Church of Ireland Bishop of Down and Connor, from 1743 to 1752, and then Archbishop of Tuam, from 1752 to his death in 1775.

## Life

The son of Dudley Ryder, haberdasher, he was born at Nuneaton, Warwickshire, about 1697. His grandfather was another Dudley Ryder (died 1683), an ejected rector of Bedworth. He was educated at Charterhouse School and Queens' College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1715, MA in 1719, and DD in 1741.
In 1721 Ryder was appointed as vicar of Nuneaton and held the living until his appointment as Church of Ireland bishop of Killaloe by letters patent of 30 January 1742. He was consecrated in St Bridget's, Dublin, on 21 February. Only a year later he was translated to the see of Down and Connor, and was further promoted, in March 1752, to be archbishop of Tuam and bishop of Ardagh. His views were evangelical.
Ryder spent his later years at Nice, where he died on 4 February 1775 from the effects of a fall from his horse. He was buried on 6 February in a ground near the shore, purchased for Protestant burials by the British consul. The area was later eroded by the sea.
His daughter Catherine married a John Hamilton and, travelling on the Continent, met and became a dear friend of Yekaterina Romanovna Vorontsova-Dashkova, a major figure of the Russian Enlightenment. Princess Dashkova came to Ireland and spent time with the family. Two of John Ryder's relations, Martha and Katherine Wilmot went to Russia to renew the friendship.
# Nord 1601

The Nord 1601 was a French aerodynamic research aircraft designed and built by Nord Aviation. The aircraft was designed to investigate the aerodynamics of swept wings and related high-lift devices.

## Design and development

The 1601 was a cantilever mid-wing monoplane with a 33° swept wing. The wing was fitted with ailerons, spoilers, leading edge slats and trailing edge flaps. It had retractable tricycle landing gear and was powered by two Rolls-Royce Derwent V turbojets in underslung, wing mounted nacelles on either side of the fuselage. It had an enclosed cockpit and was fitted with a Martin-Baker ejection seat. The 1601, registered F-WFKK, first flew on the 24 January 1950.

## Variants
### Nord 1600

    Proposed fighter variant, not built.

### Nord 1601

    Aerodynamic research aircraft, one built.

## Specifications (1601)

Data from Gaillard (1990) p.110
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 11.62 m (38 ft 7 in)
* Wingspan: 12.40 m (40 ft 10.5 in)
* Height: 3.67 m (12 ft 0 in)
* Wing area: 30.2 m$^2$ (333 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 4,710 kg (10,384 lb)
* Gross weight: 6,700 kg (14,771 lb)
* Powerplant: 2 × Rolls-Royce Derwent V turbojet , 17.8 kN (4,000 lbf) thrust each
Performance
* Maximum speed: 1,000 km/h (621 mph, 540 kn)
* Range: 1,135 km (705 mi, 613 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 12,000 m (39,370 ft)
# Mayya Gurbanberdieva

Mayya Ezizovna Gurbanberdieva (Russian: Майя Эзизовна Гурбанбердиева; born 9 May 1999) is a Russian synchronised swimmer.
She won a gold medal in the mixed free routine competition at the 2018 European Aquatics Championships.

## Personal life

Gurbanberdieva was born on 9 February 1999 in Moscow, Russia. Her father, Eziz Gurbanberdiýew, is from Turkmenistan and works as a news editor at the Channel One Russia television company.
# Nadezhda Morozova (ice hockey)

Nadezhda Fyodorovna Morozova (Russian: Надежда Фёдоровна Морозова; born 29 November 1996) is a Russian ice hockey goaltender and member of the Russian national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Zhenskaya Hockey League (ZhHL) with Dinamo-Neva Saint Petersburg.

## Career

Morozova competed with the Russian national team since 2015 and has represented Russia at four IIHF Women's World Championships, in 2016, 2017, 2019, and 2021 (as Russian Olympic Committee), and in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2018 Winter Olympics, and won gold medals in the women's ice hockey tournaments at the Winter Universiades in 2015, 2017, and 2019.
# Robert Watts (priest)

Robert Watts was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the mid Eighteenth century: he was Dean of Ferns from 1740 until 1747 and Dean of Kilkenny in the Diocese of Ossory from 1747 until 1753.
# Natalia Anoikina

Natalia Valeryevna Anoikina Russian: Наталья Валерьевна Анойкина; born 13 February 1987), née Natalia Anoikina (Russian: Наталья Анойкина), is a Russian basketball center. She was part of the Russian team that won the 2011 European Championships. At the club level, her teams placed second at the 2009–10 EuroCup and 2014–15 EuroLeague.
Myasoyedova was born in a family of medical doctors and took up basketball only around the age of 17. She is married to the volleyball player Sergey Anoikin.
# Natalia Guseva

Natalia Vladimirovna Guseva (Russian: Ната́лья Влади́мировна Гу́сева; born 12 September 1982 in Tikhvin, Russian SFSR), née Sorokina (Сорокина), is a Russian female biathlete who lives in Saint Petersburg. Besides her biathlon career, she is a professional soldier, and as such represents the Russian Army sports club.

## Career highlights

Major championships:
* Guseva has one World Championship medal: the bronze in the Sprint event of the 2007 World Championships in Antholz, Italy. In the same Championships, she got three other top-10 placements: 4th place in the Pursuit, 4th in the Mass start, and 7th in the Relay.
* In the 2004 World Championships in Oberhof, Germany, Guseva finished 10th in the Pursuit, and 7th in the Mass start.
* In her first Winter Olympics, the 2006 OWG in Torino, she took part in the Mass start event, where she finished 24th.
Biathlon World Cup:
* Guseva has one BWC race victory, the Sprint in Antholz in the 2003-04 season.
* She has one second place, in the Mass start at the same BWC meet.
* She has two third places: the Individual competition in Hochfilzen in the 2005-06 season, and the Sprint in Antholz in the 2006-07 season, the same Sprint as the World Championship one where she got her bronze medal.
# Ambros Speiser

Ambrosius Paul Speiser (November 13 1922, in Basel – May 10 2003, in Aarau) was a Swiss engineer and scientist. He led the development of the first Swiss electronic computer.
Speiser studied electrotechnology at Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), where in 1948 he earned his diplom in communications engineering. In 1949, Eduard Stiefel sent Heinz Rutishauser and Speiser to study in Harvard under Howard H. Aiken and in Princeton under John von Neumann; Rutishauser and Speiser became acquainted with the Harvard Mark III and the IAS machine. In 1950, the Institut für angewandte Mathematik (Institute for Applied Mathematics, founded in 1948) of ETH acquired the Zuse Z4. As there were no other commercially available electronic computers which were suitable for scientific applications aside from the Z4, this led the Swiss to the idea of developing their own computer inspired by the Z4. Under Speiser's technical direction between 1950 and 1955, Switzerland's first electronic calculating machine, ERMETH, originated.
Speiser earned his doctorate and habilitation during the development of ERMETH, but began an industrial career when he joined IBM in 1955. From 1956 to 1966 he was the director of IBM Zurich Research Laboratory in Rüschlikon, the only research center of IBM outside of the USA at the time. In 1966 he left IBM to become the director of research for Brown, Boveri & Cie in order to develop the company's research center in Dättwil. He also served as the second president of the International Federation for Information Processing from 1965 to 1968.
In 1962 ETH made Speiser a full professor. For years, he taught one of the first courses in computer science at the ETH. In 1986 ETH honored him with an honorary doctorate for his pioneering work at the frontier of informatics. The Schweizerische Akademie der Technischen Wissenschaften chose Speiser on 1987 as president of its executive committee and upon his resignation in 1993 made him an honorary member. Speiser was also a member of the Schweizerischen Schulrats, member of the board of trustees of the Schweizerischer Nationalfonds, and from 1983 to 1988 president of Vororts (now Economiesuisse).

## Works

* Ambros P. Speiser: Entwurf eines elektronischen Rechengerätes unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Erfordernis eines minimalen Materialaufwandes bei gegebener mathematischer Leistungsfähigkeit. Dissertation ETH Zürich, 1950.
* Heinz Rutishauser, Ambros Paul Speiser, Eduard Stiefel: Programmgesteuerte digitale Rechengeräte (Elektronische Rechenmaschinen). Basel: Birkhäuser, 1951.
* Ambros P. Speiser: Ueber die Zukunft der Technik. Eine weltweite Betrachtung. Referat und Diskussion der 33. Sitzung der Studiengruppe Energieperspektiven, Baden, 28. Januar 1988.
# Natalia Podolskaya (canoeist)

Nataliya Yuryevna Podolskaya (Russian: Наталья Юрьевна Подольская; born 14 October 1993) is a Russian sprint canoeist.
Podolskaya represented Russia at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where she competed only in the women's K-4 500 metres, along her teammates Yuliana Salakhova, Vera Sobetova, and Yulia Kachalova. Podolskaya and her team finished seventh in the final by six thousandths of a second (0.006) behind the Portuguese team (led by Teresa Portela), with a time of 1:33.459. In June 2015, she competed in the inaugural European Games, for Russia in canoe sprint, more specifically, Women's K-1 200m. She earned a silver medal. She qualified for the women's K-1 200 metres and women's K-1 500 metres events at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Natalia Vieru

Natalia Stanislavovna Vieru (Russian: Наталья Станиславовна Виеру; born 25 July 1989) is a Russian former basketball player. She is a member of the Russia women's national basketball team and competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics. Vieru played last for the Russian club UMMC Ekaterinburg as a center from 2015 to 2020.
With six 1st places in the EuroLeague Women Championship, Vieru is tied with Diana Taurasi as the player holding the most Euroleague Women titles (2019, 2018, 2016 - UMMC; 2010, 2009, 2008 - Sparta&K M.R. Vidnoje).

## National team

At a height of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) Vieru was the tallest player in the Russian national team in 2018 and 2019. She placed fourth at the 2012 Olympics playing with the Russian team.

## Main Achievements

1st place – EuroLeague Women (2008, 2009, 2010, 2016, 2018, 2019)
1st place – Women SuperCup (2009, 2010, 2016, 2018) 1st place – Championship of Russia (2008, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019) 2nd place – Championship of Russia (2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2015) 1st place – Russian Cup (2015, 2016, 2018) 4th place - Olympic games London (2012) 1st place – UMMC Cup (2015, 2016) 1st place – Championship of Slovakia (2012) 1st place – Cup of Slovakia (2012) 1st place – U20 European Championship Women (2008) 3rd place – U18 European Championship Women (2007) MVP Championship of Slovakia (2012) 3x Best Russian Young Basketball Player (2007, 2008, 2009) MVP U20 European Championship Women (2008)
# Clarence Y. Akizaki

Clarence Y. Akizaki (May 12, 1928 – March 29, 2001) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Hawaii House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Akizaki was born in Honolulu, Hawaii, and had Japanese ancestry.
Akizaki served in the Hawaii House of Representatives from 1963 to 1976.
Akizaki died on March 29, 2001, at the age of 72.
# De Jongh

De Jongh is a Dutch surname meaning "junior". It is a variation of the more common form "de Jong" or "de Jonge". Among people with the surname "de Jongh", "de Iongh" or "de Jonghe" are:
* Adri de Jongh (born 1970), South African sprinter
* Aimée de Jongh (born 1988), Dutch cartoonist
* Andrée de Jongh (1916–2007), Belgian World War II resistance fighter
* Claude de Jongh (1605–1663), Dutch landscape painter
* Dick de Jongh (born 1939), Dutch logician
* Eddy de Jongh (born 1931), Dutch art historian
* Emily de Jongh-Elhage (born 1946), Netherlands Antilles politician
* Gabriel de Jongh (1913–2004), Dutch-born South African painter
* Grietje de Jongh (1924–2002), Dutch sprinter
* Hendrik Pieter de Jongh (born 1970), Dutch football manager
* Igone de Jongh (born 1979), Dutch ballet dancer
* John de Jongh Jr. (born 1957), American territorial administrator
* Juan de Jongh (born 1988), South African rugby player
* Jules de Jongh, American voice actress
* Lilly de Jongh Osborne (1883–1975), Costa Rican writer and art collector
* Ludolf Leendertsz de Jongh (1616–1679), Dutch genre and portrait painter
* Mandy de Jongh (born 1961), Dutch taekwondo practitioner
* Mawar Eva de Jongh (born 2001), Indonesian actress
* Michelle De Jongh (born 1997), Swedish footballer
* Nicholas de Jongh (born 1944), British theatre critic and playwright
* Steven de Jongh (born 1973), Dutch bicycle racer
* Theunis Willem de Jongh (1913–1999/2000), South African bank governor
* Tinus de Jongh (1885–1942), Dutch-born South African painter

## De Iongh

* Carel de Iongh (1883–1964), Dutch soldier and sports shooter, brother of Hendrik
* Hendrik de Iongh (1877–1962), Dutch soldier and fencer, brother of Carel

## De Jonghe / Dejonghe

* Adriaen de Jonghe (1511–1575), Dutch Renaissance humanist
* Albert Dejonghe (1894–1981), Belgian racing cyclist
* Gustave Léonard de Jonghe (1829–1893), Belgian portrait and genre painter
* Jan Baptiste de Jonghe (1785–1844), Belgian landscape painter
* Jimmy De Jonghe (born 1992), Belgian footballer
* Kevin De Jonghe (born 1991), Belgian racing cyclist
# Geraldine Moffat

Geraldine Houser (née Moffat; born 5 September 1939) is a British former film and television actress and the mother of video game producers Sam and Dan Houser. She has roles in a large number of British TV drama series in the 1960s and 70s and is best remembered in films for her role alongside Michael Caine in the gangster film Get Carter (1971), set in and around Newcastle-Upon-Tyne.

## Selected filmography

* The Man Who Had Power Over Women (1970) – Lydia Blake
* Get Carter (1971) – Glenda (probably her best known screen role)
* Quest for Love (1971) – Stella
* The Last Chapter (1974) – Carlotta

## Television appearances

* The Baron (1966, "Time to Kill") – Cristina Vitale
* Pardon The Expression (1966, episode "Big Hotel") – Samantha
* Danger Man (1966, episode "Someone is Liable to Get Hurt") – Magda Kallai
* Adam Adamant Lives! (1966) – Prudence
* The Gamblers (1967, episode "Read 'em and Weep") – Judith
* Half Hour Story (1967, episode George's Room) - Landlady
* Out of the Unknown (1969, episode "The Little Black Bag") – Angie
* Department S (1969, pilot episode "Six Days") – Janet
* Strange Report (1969) – Tessa O'Neill
* Z-Cars (1968–1970) – Karen Dunn / Kathy Egerton
* UFO (1970) – Jean Regan
* The Persuaders! (1971) – Senka
* Jason King (1972) – Claudia
* Crown Court (1973, episode "Love Thy Neighbour") - Mrs Gorman
* The Protectors (1973, episode "Goodbye George") – Maria Milworth
* Father Brown (1974) – Elizabeth Barnes
* The New Avengers (1976) – Jo
* Within These Walls (1975–1976) – Aileen Cruddley
* The Sweeney (1976) – Sheila Martin
* Coronation Street (1973–1980) – Arlene Jones / Vicki

## Video game appearances

* Grand Theft Auto V (2013) – Mrs Philips (Uncredited)
# Susan McInnis

Susan McInnis (born June 18, 1963, in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island) is a Canadian curler. She is currently the alternate for the Shelly Bradley rink.

## Curling career

McInnis has competed in nine Scotties Tournament of Hearts. Her first Scotties was in 1989, throwing third stones for the Kathie Gallant rink. There, the team finished with a 4–7 record. McInnis then played in the 1992 Scott Tournament of Hearts playing third for Kim Dolan, also finishing with a 4–7 record. McInnis returned to the Hearts in 1995 as part of the Rebecca Jean MacPhee (MacDonald) team. Originally supposed to be the alternate for the team, she ended up playing in nine games as the team's lead. The team made the playoffs after finishing fourth in the round robin with an 8–3 record. They lost in their first playoff match against Alberta's Cathy Borst's team. McInnis played lead in the game and curled 80%.
McInnis was back in 1996 as a skip and led her PEI rink, which included Kathy O'Rourke, Tricia MacGregor (Affleck) and Leslie Allan (MacDougall), to a 6–5 record. McInnis then joined the Tammi Lowther rink at third, and played in the 1998 Scott Tournament of Hearts, finishing with a 4–7 record.
McInnis did not return to the Hearts until 2003, throwing lead stones for Suzanne Gaudet (now Birt), who was fresh from winning two Canadian Junior championships. This team finished the round robin in first place, with a 10–1 record. However, they buckled under pressure in the playoffs, losing to the defending champion Colleen Jones rink in the 1 vs. 2 game, and then to Newfoundland and Labrador's Cathy Cunningham in the semi-final. In both games, McInnis led all curlers with a 94% shooting percentage. McInnis was promoted to third the next season, and returned to the Scotties in 2004. The team had a disappointing record, winning only two games. The team returned in 2006, improving to a 4–7 record.
After a break from competitive curling, McInnis re-joined the Suzanne Birt rink in 2013. They won the Prince Edward Island Scotties Tournament of Hearts in 2015, and McInnis played lead for PEI at the 2015 Scotties Tournament of Hearts.
McInnis has won several provincial mixed titles, in 1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1999 and 2001, all playing third for John Likely.
# Brittany Benn

Brittany "Britt" Benn (born April 23, 1989) is a Canadian rugby union player. She represented Canada at the 2014 Women's Rugby World Cup. She was a member of the touring squad that played France and England in November 2013.

## Career

Benn won a gold medal at the 2015 Pan American Games as a member of the Canadian women's rugby sevens team.
In 2016, she was named to Canada's first ever women's rugby sevens Olympic team that went on to win the bronze medal for Canada.
In June 2021, Benn was named to Canada's 2020 Summer Olympics team. She is openly lesbian.

## Honours and achievements

* 2017, Canada Sevens Langford dream team
* 2019, Canada Sevens Langford performance tracker player of the round
* 2019, Rugby Canada Player of the Year (7s)
# Mohammad al-Bargathi

Mohammad al-Bargathi was the defence minister of Libya from December 2012 to 7 May 2013. Who offered to resign in May 2013 after failing to bring militias under control, he was sacked by the PM Ali Zeidan in June He was replaced by Abdullah al-Thanay. Previously, he was commander of the air force in Benghazi before retiring on a government pension in 1994 and defected from Gaddafi's government in the 1980s after serving as Libya's ambassador to India.
# Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr

Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr (Arabic: أبو بكر يونس جابر,‎ 1940 – 20 October 2011) was a Libyan military officer and politician who was the Secretary of the Libyan General Committee for Defence during the rule of Muammar Gaddafi. His official position was Secretary of the Libyan General Interim Committee for Defence.

## Early life and education

There is disagreement about the year of Jabr's birth. According to the UN, he was born in 1952 in Jalu, Libya. The German newspaper the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung gives the much earlier date of 1940. Educated at the Military Academy in Benghazi, Jabr was classmates with Muammar Gaddafi.

## Career

Later Gaddafi and Jabr became members of the Free Officers Movement which on 1 September 1969 removed King Idris from power in a bloodless coup and brought Gaddafi to power. Following an attempted coup in December led by minister Adam al-Hawaz, Gaddafi appointed Jabr as the new defense minister. Jabr was the head of the Libyan Army from the 1970s and was one of the original members of the 12 army officials of the Revolutionary Command Council led by Gaddafi. He, Gaddafi and the other surviving members of the Revolutionary Command Council sat atop the "revolutionary sector" which oversaw the government. The leaders of the revolutionary sector were not subject to election, since they owed their offices to their roles in the 1969 coup, officially described during Gaddafi's time as "the revolution."

## Libyan Civil War

Jabr was reported to be under arrest and in prison in 2011 for not obeying orders to kill protesters. It was reported on 7 June 2011 that Jabr was executed by the government for refusing to carry out orders to kill protesters. On 13 June, Libyan state television showed footage of him for the first time, in what they claim was him greeting soldiers at the frontline in the oil town of Brega. On 2 August, The Washington Post wrote that Gaddafi's defense minister, Jabr, had announced on Libyan state television that members of the army who defected to join the rebels and returned to the government would be protected by a general pardon.

## Death

Jabr died in the Battle of Sirte. On 20 October 2011, Al Jazeera reported that Jabr was killed in Sirte. He was in a car convoy with Gaddafi trying to flee the Siege of Sirte. After the convoy was attacked by NATO aircraft he sought shelter from shrapnel in drain pipes with Gaddafi. NTC fighters captured him and Gaddafi. Yunis Jabr was with a group of Gaddafi loyalists, when a guard saw a group of rebels approaching them, off in the distance. The guard attempted to throw a grenade at the rebels. However, the grenade bounced off a concrete wall, and landed back in front of the loyalist group. The guard then attempted to pick the grenade up, but when he did so, it exploded. The detonation killed the guard and, according to witnesses, fatally injured Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr. He reportedly died on his way to a hospital. Al Jazeera also aired footage of his body being driven away in an ambulance.
In January 2012, footage of Jabr's body being mutilated and spray-painted by rebels appeared on YouTube.