OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Francesco Fantin

Francesco Giovanni Fantin (20 January 1901 - 16 November 1942) was an Italian anti-fascist activist who emigrated to Australia in 1924 and found work in Queensland as a cane cutter. He remained politically active as an anti-fascist organiser and fundraiser but was killed after being detained and sent to an internment camp in 1942.

## Life

Fantin was born in San Vito di Leguzzano near Venice, Italy on 20 January 1901. He was one of five children born to Giovanni (Battista) Fantin, a textile worker, and his conservative Catholic wife Catarina, née Manea. Following in his father's trade, he became an active unionist and, by the time he was a teenager, he was also active in the anarchist paramilitary.
He emigrated to Australia after the rise of Mussolini to power and becoming estranged from his wife, following other activists, arriving in Melbourne on 27 December 1924. He then worked with his brother in Queensland as a cane cutter, becoming active in the AWU there. His agitation helped standardise the practice of cane burning which helped protect workers from rat-bourne disease. By the 1930s, he was working in Geelong as was known as Frank Fantin and was active as an anti-fascist.
In 1940, he was mistakenly identified as a fascist and was eventually detained on 14 February 1942. One month later, he was sent by train to Brisbane then to Loveday Internment Camp 14A, near Barmera in South Australia. He was then impounded with all other Italians, irrespective of their origins, background, or political history.

## Death

In early November, eight months after being transferred to the camp, his case was under review with the intention of his release due to his anti-fascist stance. On 16 November, however, after several other assaults and threats, he was injured and died in suspicious circumstances. The number of assailants was unclear but ultimately a killer, Giovanni Bruno Casotti (aged 27), a known fascist, was tried in Adelaide and convicted of manslaughter. Informally, he was also accused of murder by communists who considered Fantin an ally, and an enemy of the fascist regimes of Mussolini and Hitler. Casotti received a two-year sentence after pleading guilty - leading to a public outcry which was resisted by the government and army in the name of national security. After release, Casotti was deported (before returning to Australia in 1954).
Fantin's death became the subject of a bilingual play about the suppression of minorities and wrongful internment written by Teresa Crea, entitled Red Like the Devil. It was first performed in 1983 by Adelaide-based theatre company, Doppio Teatro in Adelaide and at Loveday. Performances were also later staged in Canberra in 1991.
# Joe Tereshinski Sr.

Joseph Peter Tereshinski Sr. (December 7, 1923 – June 9, 2013) was an American football tight end and assistant coach in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins. He played college football at the University of Georgia and was drafted in the 13th round of the 1946 NFL draft.
After his retirement in 1954, he became an assistant coach for the Redskins and served in that capacity until 1960
Tereshinski was the father of former Georgia Bulldogs Joe Tereshinski Jr. and Wally Tereshinski and the grandfather of former Bulldogs quarterback Joe Tereshinski III and John Tereshinski, a former tight end of Wake Forest.
He died at an assisted living facility in Athens, Georgia, in 2013.
# Keep the Giraffe Burning

Keep the Giraffe Burning is a 1977 collection of science fiction short stories by American writer John Sladek.

## Contents

* Foreword
* Elephant with Wooden Leg
* The Design
* The Face
* The Master Plan
* Flatland
* A Game of Jump
* The Hammer of Evil, or Career Opportunities at the Pascal Business School
* The Locked Room
* Another Look
* Space Shoes of the Gods: An Archaeological Revelation
* The Poets of Millgrove, Iowa
* The Commentaries
* Heavens Below: Fifteen Utopias (overall title for 15 short-short stories)
** Getting There Is (n-1/n)th the Fun
** The Bright Side
** Mr. and Ms. America
** Empty Promise
** The Paradise Problem
** What Changed Doyster's Mind
** Handout
** Assessment
** Art News
** Pax Gurney
** A Fable
** Utopia: A Financial Report
** Utopiary
** Luck
** A Picnic
* Scenes from Rural Life
* The Secret of the Old Custard
* Undecember
* The Great Wall of Mexico
* Afterword
# Ruthenium(IV) oxide

Ruthenium(IV) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula RuO$_2$. This black solid is the most common oxide of ruthenium. It is widely used as an electrocatalyst for producing chlorine, chlorine oxides, and O$_2$. Like many dioxides, RuO$_2$ adopts the rutile structure.

## Preparation

It is usually prepared by oxidation of ruthenium trichloride. Nearly stoichiometric single crystals of RuO$_2$ can be obtained by chemical vapor transport, using O$_2$ as the transport agent:
    RuO$_2$ + O$_2$ ⇌ RuO$_4$
Films of RuO$_2$ can be prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) from volatile ruthenium compounds. RuO$_2$ can also be prepared through electroplating from a solution of ruthenium trichloride.
Electrostatically stabilized hydrosols of pristine ruthenium dioxide hydrate have been prepared by exploiting the autocatalytic reduction of ruthenium tetroxide in aqueous solution. The resulting particle populations may be controlled to comprise substantially monodisperse, uniform spheres with diameters in the range 40nm - 160nm.

## Uses

Ruthenium(IV) oxide is being used as the main component in the catalyst of the Sumitomo-Deacon process which produces chlorine by the oxidation of hydrogen chloride.
RuO$_2$ can be used as catalyst in many other situations. Noteworthy reactions are the Fischer–Tropsch process, Haber–Bosch process, and various manifestations of fuel cells.

### Aspirational and niche applications

RuO$_2$ is extensively used for the coating of titanium anodes for the electrolytic production of chlorine and for the preparation of resistors or integrated circuits. Ruthenium oxide resistors can be used as sensitive thermometers in the temperature range .02 < T < 4 K. It can be also used as active material in supercapacitor because it has very high charge transfer capability. Ruthenium oxide has great capacity to store charge when used in aqueous solutions. Average capacities of ruthenium(IV) oxide have reached 650 F/g when in sulfuric acid and annealed at temperatures lower than 200 °C. In attempts to optimise its capacitive properties, prior work has looked at the hydration, crystallinity and particle size of ruthenium oxide.
# Paalen

Paalen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bella Paalen (1881–1964), Austrian opera singer
* Wolfgang Paalen (1905–1959), Austrian-Mexican artist
# Nagy-Küküllő County

Nagy-Küküllő (Romanian: Comitatul Târnava-Mare) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Romania (central Transylvania). Nagy-Küküllő is the Hungarian name for the river Târnava Mare. The capital of the county was Segesvár (present-day Sighișoara).

## Geography

Nagy-Küküllő County shared borders with the Hungarian counties Alsó-Fehér, Kis-Küküllő, Udvarhely, Háromszék, Brassó, Fogaras, and Szeben. The river Târnava Mare formed part of its northern border and the river Olt part of its southern border. Its area was 3,337 km$^2$ (1,288 sq mi) around 1910.

## History

Nagy-Küküllő County came into existence in 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed and Küküllő County was split. In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon, the county became part of Romania. Its territory lies in the present Romanian counties Sibiu (the west), Brașov (the south-east), and Mureș (around Sighișoara).

## Demographics

Population by mother tongue :
| Census | Total | German | Romanian | Hungarian | Other or unknown |
| 1880 | 132,454 | 57,398 (44.77%) | 51,632 (40.27%) | 12,026 (9.38%) | 7,155 (5.58%) |
| 1890 | 135,312 | 59,575 (44.03%) | 53,644 (39.64%) | 14,148 (10.46%) | 7,945 (5.87%) |
| 1900 | 145,138 | 61,769 (42.56%) | 61,779 (42.57%) | 17,139 (11.81%) | 4,451 (3.07%) |
| 1910 | 148,826 | 62,224 (41.81%) | 60,381 (40.57%) | 18,474 (12.41%) | 7,747 (5.21%) |
Population by religion :
| Census | Total | Lutheran | Eastern Orthodox | Greek Catholic | Calvinist | Roman Catholic | Unitarian | Other or unknown |
| 1880 | 132,454 | 58,920 (44.48%) | 45,853 (34.62%) | 14,909 (11.26%) | 5,999 (4.53%) | 3,800 (2.87%) | 2,219 (1.68%) | 754 (0.57%) |
| 1890 | 135,312 | 59,501 (43.97%) | 46,209 (34.15%) | 15,582 (11.52%) | 6,796 (5.02%) | 3,856 (2.85%) | 2,546 (1.88%) | 822 (0.61%) |
| 1900 | 145,138 | 61,777 (42.56%) | 50,350 (34.69%) | 16,259 (11.20%) | 7,651 (5.27%) | 5,105 (3.52%) | 2,889 (1.99%) | 1,107 (0.76%) |
| 1910 | 148,826 | 62,370 (41.91%) | 51,705 (34.74%) | 17,062 (11.46%) | 8,320 (5.59%) | 5,042 (3.39%) | 3,222 (2.16%) | 1,105 (0.74%) |

## Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Nagy-Küküllő County were:
Districts (járás) :
| District | Capital |
| Kőhalom | Kőhalom (now Rupea) |
| Medgyes | Medgyes (now Mediaș) |
| Nagysink | Nagysink (now Cincu) |
| Segesvár | Segesvár (now Sighișoara) |
| Szentágota | Szentágota (now Agnita) |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) ||
| Medgyes (now Mediaș) ||
| Segesvár (now Sighișoara) ||
# Ljubomir Mihajlović

Ljubomir Mihajlović (Serbian Cyrillic: Љубомир Михајловић; born 4 September 1943) is a former Yugoslav and Serbian footballer who played as a defender.

## Club career

Mihajlović played for Partizan between 1961 and 1970, winning three Yugoslav First League titles (1961–62, 1962–63, and 1964–65). He was a member of the team that lost the 1966 European Cup Final to Real Madrid. In 1970, Mihajlović moved abroad to France and joined Lyon, spending there the next seven seasons. He made 233 appearances and scored one goal in the French top flight.

## International career

At international level, Mihajlović was capped six times for Yugoslavia. He was a member of the team at UEFA Euro 1968, as Yugoslavia lost in the final to Italy.

## Honours

Partizan
* Yugoslav First League: 1961–62, 1962–63, 1964–65
Yugoslavia
* UEFA European Championship runner-up: 1968
# OKATO

Russian Classification on Objects of Administrative Division (Russian: Общеросси́йский классифика́тор объе́ктов администрати́вно-территориа́льного деле́ния), or OKATO (Russian: ОКАТО), also called All-Russian classification on units of administrative and territorial distribution in English, is one of several Russian national registers. OKATO's purpose is organization of information about structure of the administrative divisions of the federal subjects of Russia.
The document assigns numeric codes to each administrative division of the country, which are hierarchically structured from the federal subject level down to selsoviet level; an expanded version also includes listings of individual inhabited localities within each administrative division.
OKATO is used for statistical and tax purposes. It was adopted on July 31, 1995, replacing SOATO (Designation System of Objects of Administrative Division of the Union of SSR and the Union Republics, as well as Inhabited Localities). It went into effect on January 1, 1997 and as of 2014 underwent 243 revisions. The compilation and maintenance of the OKATO data are the responsibility of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat).
# Athenian coinage decree

The Athenian coinage decree also known as the Standards decree was a decree made by the Athenians to standardise currency amongst the states with whom they were allied. Between the years of 450 and 447 BC, the use of Athenian silver currency and Athenian weights and measures was made obligatory in all allied states of the Athenian Empire.
Scholarly opinion is split in regards to the dating of the Athenian coinage decree. Various fragments from cities allied to Athens have been used to reconstruct the decree. The decree required that all allied currencies be taken out of circulation and melted down to be replaced with Attic coins, with a small difference in the exchange rate favouring Athens; the Athenian mint benefited as the allies’ mints were closed down. This encouraged the flow of trade through the Aegean and especially between Athens and the allied states. However, the measure did impinge upon the autonomy of the allied states. The use of Athenian currency had become increasingly common, especially with smaller states, but many continued to mint their own coins with their own state symbol. The result was that the overall volume of trade in the Aegean increased, but with greater domination by Athens.
# Mustang Peak (Coast Mountains, Alaska)

Mustang Peak is a 6,720-foot-elevation (2,048-meter) glaciated mountain summit located in the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is situated 25 miles (40 km) north-northwest of Juneau along the western side of the Juneau Icefield, on land managed by Tongass National Forest. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 1,200 feet (366 m) above the Eagle Glacier in 0.25 mi (0.40 km). Neighbors include Dike Mountain 0.8 mi (1.3 km) to the north, and The Snow Towers three miles (4.8 km) to the southeast. Mustang Peak was named by members of the Juneau Icefield Research Project in 1964, and the toponym was officially adopted in 1965 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mustang Peak is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone, with long, cold, wet winters, and cool summers. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Coast Mountains where they are forced upward by the range (orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall. As a result, the Coast Mountains experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. This climate supports the West Branch Taku Glacier and Eagle Glacier surrounding the peak. The months of May and June offer the most favorable weather for viewing this peak.

## Gallery

* Mustang Peak and Dike Mountain to the left with unnamed nunataks to the right. Viewed from the Juneau Icefield.
# Michele Radosevich

Michele Radosevich (born October 7, 1947) is an American politician and lawyer.
Born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, Radosevich graduated from Marquette University in 1969. In 1976, Radosevich was elected to the Wisconsin State Senate serving from 1977 until 1981. Radosevich moved to the state of Washington and graduated from the Seattle University School of Law, in 1994, and was admitted to the Washington State Bar. Radosevich practices law in Seattle, Washington.
# Eugene F. Endicott

Eugene F. Endicott (October 14, 1848 – December 10, 1914) was a Massachusetts politician who served as the fourteenth Mayor of Chelsea, Massachusetts.]
# Bhima Nayak

Bhima Nayak or Bheema Nayak (death 29 December 1876) was an Indian revolutionary. He fought against the British in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. When Bhima was convicted by the British government, he was kept in Port Blair and Nicobar.

## Revolt & Death

Nayak hails from Barwani district of Madhya Pradesh. As a Bhil tribal leader he took active part in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 against the East India Company. Nayak met Tantia Tope at the time of revolt. He confronted the force of Captain Keatings, but successfully escaped. In 1861 he was captured from his hideout and sent to Andaman Islands for corporal punishment. He was hanged in Port Blair on December 29, 1876. Bhima was also known as Nimad's Robin Hood.

## Legacy

A government scheme, "Shaheed Bhima Nayak Pariyojna" in Madhya Pradesh is named after him. CM Shivraj Singh Chauhan dedicated a "Bhima Nayak Memorial" at village Dhaba Bawdi of Badwani district on January 21, 2017.
# Belgium at the 1998 Winter Olympics

Belgium sent a delegation to compete at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan from 7–22 February 1998. The nation was represented by only one athlete, speed skater Bart Veldkamp. He won a bronze medal in the men's 5,000 metres race. With that bronze medal, Belgium finished in joint 22nd place on the medal table.

## Background

Belgium has been participating in the Olympic movement almost since the beginning, with their first appearance coming at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris. They have competed in every Winter Olympic Games except for the 1960 and 1968 editions. Coming into Nagano, they had won four medals in Winter Olympic competition, but none since the 1948 Winter Olympics. The only Belgian representative to qualify for Nagano was speed skater Bart Veldkamp, who had previously won medals in the 10,000 metres race in both Albertville and Lillehammer. Due the fact that Veldkamp was scheduled to compete in the 5,000 meter event the following day, and was the only athlete from Belgium at the games, his coach Conrad Alleblas, was chosen as the flag bearer for the opening ceremony.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Bronze | Bart Veldkamp | Speed skating | Men's 5000 m | February 8 |
With one bronze medal, Belgium ranked a joint 22nd in the medal table.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Speed skating | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 1 |

## Speed skating

Bard Veldkamp was 30 years old at the time of the Nagano Olympics. Although Veldkamp was born in the Netherlands, he chose to take Belgian nationality in 1996 to make it easier to qualify for major competitions. Veldkamp had won gold for the Netherlands at the 1992 Winter Olympics and bronze for the Netherlands at the 1994 Winter Olympics, and would go on to represent Belgium at the 2002 Winter Olympics and the 2006 Winter Olympics. On 8 February, he took part in the 5,000 metres race. He went out early and set a new world record, only for two more world records to be set that day, leaving him in third place and the winner of the bronze medal. On 12 February, despite being a distance specialist, he participated in the 1,500 metres, and finished 17th with a time of 1 minute and 51.73 seconds. In the 10,000 metres, on 17 February, he skated in the final pairing, and finished fourth with a time of 13 minutes and 29 seconds, which was less than a second and a half behind the bronze medal time.
| Event | Athlete | Race | Race |
| Event | Athlete | Time | Rank |
| 1500 m | Bart Veldkamp | 1:51.73 | 17 |
| 5000 m | Bart Veldkamp | 6:28.31 | |
| 10,000 m | Bart Veldkamp | 13:29.69 | 4 |
# KSR Bengaluru–Ernakulam Intercity Express

Train No. 12677 / 12678 K.S.R Bengaluru City Junction – Ernakulam Jn Intercity Superfast Express is an Daily Intercity Superfast express train which runs daily between K.S.R Bengaluru City Junction and Ernakulam Junction via Hosur.

## History

In the railway budget of the year 1997–98, a plan was proposed to introduce a superfast train between Coimbatore and Bangalore. On 15 April 1998, Bangalore–Coimbatore Intercity Express train was inaugurated as Train no: 2677. In the year 2008, the service was extended till Ernakulam as Train no: 12677 after few temporary runs.
On 13 February 2015, the train derailed on its onward journey to Ernakulam from Bangalore, leading to 10 deaths and injuring 150 people.

## Train information

The train is hauled by an ED or RPM-based WAP-4 throughout the journey. Before the commissioning of electrification of the Bengaluru (Baiyyappanahalli) - Salem line on 2 July 2022, the train used to be hauled by a Golden Rock-based WDP4D (earlier Erode-based), WDG4 or WDP4B or an Erode-based WDM-3D from Bangalore to Erode, and an Erode-based WAP-4 from Erode to Ernakulam.
This train runs daily each way, as Train no: 12677 (Ernakulam Exp) departing Bangalore City Junction at 06:10hrs and reaching Ernakulam Junction at 16:55 hrs and Train no: 12678 (Bangalore Exp) departing Ernakulam Junction at 09:10 hrs and reaching Bangalore City Junction at 19:50 hrs. It covers a distance of 587 kilometres (365 mi) in each direction and the journey duration is about 10 hours and 40 minutes.
It runs with an ICF rake. The rake of the train usually contains 6 unreserved coaches, 11 second sitting coaches, 1 AC chair car coach, a pantry car and 2 SLR cars, making a total of 21 coaches.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the train was numbered as 02677/02678 and was hauled by a Golden Rock-based WDP4D or WDP4B throughout the journey.

### Rake/coach composition

| LOCO | DL1 | D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | C1 | PC | D9 | D10 | D11 | D12 | D13 | UR | UR | UR | UR | SLR |
SLR – Sitting cum luggage rake
UR – Unreserved
D – Second sitting
C – AC chair car
PC – Pantry car
# Mount Nagishlamina

Mount Nagishlamina is an 11,068-foot (3,374 meter) glaciated mountain summit located in the Tordrillo Mountains of the Alaska Range, in the US state of Alaska. The mountain is situated 90 mi (145 km) west of Anchorage, 7.4 mi (12 km) northwest of Mount Spurr, and 1.9 mi (3 km) southeast of Mount Torbert, which is the nearest higher neighbor. It is the fifth-highest peak in the Tordrillo Mountains, a subset of the Alaska Range. The mountain takes its Denaʼina language name from the Nagishlamina River which drains the west side of the peak. Mount Nagishlamina's name was in use by local mountaineers since the 1970s, and was officially adopted in 1999 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. This geographic feature was likely the highest unclimbed peak in the United States at the time of its first ascent in 1989 by Dave Johnston.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Nagishlamina is located in a tundra climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems are forced upwards by the Alaska Range (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −10 °F with wind chill factors below −20 °F. This climate supports the Harpoon and Capps Glaciers surrounding the peak. Precipitation runoff from the mountain and meltwater from its glaciers empties into Cook Inlet. The months May through June offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing the peak.

## Gallery

* Mount Chichantna, Mount Nagishlamina, and Mount Torbert
# Otto Mueller (politician)

Otto Mueller (December 19, 1875 – January 9, 1973) was an American Republican politician and businessman from Wisconsin.

## Career

Born in Wausau, Wisconsin, Mueller was a jeweler in Wausau. He served on the Marathon County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors. He served in the Wisconsin State Senate 1927-1933 and 1939–1941.

## Recall election

In 1932, Mueller survived a recall election.