OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hayat Al-Fahad

Hayat Al-Fahad or El Fahed (Gulf Arabic: حياة الفهد, romanized: Ḥayāt il-Fahad, Gulf Arabic pronunciation:; born 1948) is a Kuwaiti actress, broadcaster, writer and producer best known for her Kuwaiti plays and the pop culture TV shows Khalti Qumasha, Ruqiya wa Sabika, Jarh Al Zaman, 'ndama Tu'Gany Al Zuhor.

## Controversy

On 25 April 2020 during the coronavirus pandemic, Hayat Al-Fahad publicly called for the deportation of expatriates from Kuwait on a local TV channel. Her comments caused an uproar on social media, with various individuals criticizing her for her comments.

## Filmography
### Television

* 2020: Um Hārūn, as Um Hārūn.
# Gina Cigna

Gina Cigna (6 March 1900 – 26 June 2001) was a French-Italian dramatic soprano.

## Biography

Gina Cigna was born in Angers, department of Maine-et-Loire, to parents of Italian origin. She trained as a pianist at the Paris Conservatory studying with Alfred Cortot and graduated with a gold medal. She then started a career as a recitalist. She met French tenor Maurice Sens, whom she married in 1921, and following his advice turned to singing. She took private lessons with Emma Calvé, Hariclea Darclée and Rosina Storchio, but was mostly self-taught.
She made her debut as Geneviève Sens in 1927 at the Teatro alla Scala, in Milan, as Freia in Das Rheingold, and sang minor roles in Boris Godunov and Ariane et Barbe-Bleue under Arturo Toscanini, without much success.
Two years later, still at La Scala, but this time under the name Gina Cigna, she sang the role of Donna Elvira in Don Giovanni, and this time it was a triumph. A few weeks later she appeared as Elisabeth in Tannhäuser.
She was to sing regularly at La Scala until 1945, quickly establishing herself as one of the leading Italian dramatic soprano alongside Maria Caniglia in operas such as Il Trovatore, Un ballo in maschera, La forza del destino, Aida, Andrea Chénier, and Tosca.
She recorded Norma in 1937 and Turandot, opposite Francesco Merli, with Magda Olivero as Liù, in 1938, both for Cetra Records. She sang at the Paris Opéra, the Royal Opera House in London, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, the San Francisco Opera, and the New York Metropolitan Opera, where she made her debut on 6 February 1937 as Aida.
Cigna's career came to a halt in 1948 when she was involved in a serious car accident and suffered a heart attack. Forced to retire from singing, she turned to teaching. In 1996 at the age of 96 she appeared in Jan Schmidt-Garre's film Opera Fanatic.

## Death

Cigna died in Milan, Italy, on 26 June 2001, aged 101.

## Studio recordings

* Bellini - Norma - Gina Cigna, Ebe Stignani, Giovanni Breviario, Tancredi Pasero - Vittorio Gui - 1937
* Puccini - Turandot - Gina Cigna, Francesco Merli, Magda Olivero, Luciano Neroni - Franco Ghione - 1938
# Anatoly Vishnevsky

Anatoly Vishnevsky (1 April 1935 – 15 January 2021) was a Russian demographer and economist. He also wrote novels.

## Biography

Vishnevsky earned a doctorate in economics in 1983, which would later effectively make him a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. He directed the Institute of Demography at the Higher School of Economics.
Vishnevsky was editor-in-chief of the information bulletin "Population and Society" and of the online journal "Demoscope Weekly". He was also a writer and historian of the White émigré. He was a teacher in Ukraine, which at the time was a part of the USSR. He graduated from the National University of Kharkiv in 1958 with a degree in statistics. In 1967, he defended a thesis titled "Urban agglomerations and the economic regulation of their growth" at the Central Economic Mathematical Institute. In 1971, he moved to Moscow and began working at the USSR Demographic Research Institute.
In 1990, Vishnevsky worked in France as a visiting professor at Lumière University Lyon 2, the University of Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis, and Sciences Po. He was an active member of several councils and committees, such as the Management of Social Transformations (MOST) program of UNESCO. On 27 April 2010, the Higher School of Economics celebrated his 75th birthday.
Anatoly Vishnevsky died in Moscow on 15 January 2021, at the age of 85 from Covid-19.
# Bob Smith (Oregon politician)

Robert Freeman "Bob" Smith (June 16, 1931 – September 21, 2020) was an American politician from Oregon. A member of the Republican Party, he served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 1995 and again from 1997 to 1999.

## Early life and education

Smith was born in Portland, Oregon, and grew up in Burns, Oregon. His father, Benjamin F. Smith, was a doctor. He attended Willamette University in Salem, Oregon, graduating in 1953 with a bachelor's degree in agriculture. He worked as a rancher until his election to the Oregon House of Representatives in 1960.

## Career

Smith served in the state House from 1961 to 1973, serving as Speaker of the Oregon House of Representatives for the 1969 and 1971 sessions. He was in the Oregon State Senate from 1973 to 1981 and served as minority leader from 1978 to 1982. Between 1965 and 1969, Smith was the president of the Oregon Public Land Commission.
Smith was elected to Congress from Oregon's 2nd congressional district in 1982. The district's incumbent, freshman Republican Denny Smith (no relation), opted to run in the newly created 5th district after it absorbed much of the western portion of the old 2nd, including Denny Smith's home in Salem, Oregon. Smith served in Congress until 1995. After a brief retirement, he returned to Congress in 1997. Wes Cooley, the Republican who had succeeded Smith in the House, had been caught in several lies about his military service and Smith was persuaded to come out of retirement. Upon his return, he was elected chairman of the United States House Committee on Agriculture, but only served one term before retiring forever.

## Personal life

On February 19, 1966, Smith married Kaye Elizabeth Tomlinson in Salem. Her father was the clerk of Marion County, Oregon. The wedding was attended by F. F. Montgomery, the Speaker of the Oregon House of Representatives, among others. By January 1971, Smith and his wife had two sons and a daughter.

### Car wreck

On February 8, 2016, Smith struck and killed a pedestrian while driving in Medford, Oregon. The pedestrian was in the crosswalk when Smith hit him with his car, and he later died at the scene. Smith did not flee the scene, was cooperative with investigators, and was determined to not be under the influence of intoxicants at the time of the wreck. No charges or citations were filed against him regarding the wreck.

### Death

Smith died on September 21, 2020, in Medford, Oregon at the age of 89.
# Levi Clark Bootes

Levi Clark Bootes (December 8, 1809 – April 19, 1896) was a career officer in the United States Army, serving in the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War.

## Biography

Bootes was born in Washington, D.C., and educated in the local schools. He joined the U.S. Army as a private in Company F of the Regiment of Mounted Riflemen on June 19, 1846, and was soon promoted to Sergeant. On June 28, 1848, he was brevetted as a second lieutenant in the 6th U.S. Infantry and served in the Mexican–American War under Generals Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott. In September 1848, he was promoted to the full rank of second lieutenant. Following the war, Bootes served on various western outposts, and was promoted to first lieutenant on June 9, 1853. He was assigned to the Arizona Territory, serving at Fort Yuma, where in June 1860, he was again promoted, this time to captain.
With the outbreak of the Civil War, Bootes served in the Regular Army with the combined 1st and 6th U.S. Infantry and was wounded at Antietam and again at Gettysburg, where he led his regiment in fighting near the Wheatfield. For his gallantry and leadership, he was promoted to Major (United States) of the 17th U.S. Infantry in October 1863, a position he held through the remainder of the war.
During the Civil War, he received three citations and brevet promotions: Brevetted Major July 1, 1862, for gallant and meritorious service in the Battle of Malvern Hill; Brevetted lieutenant colonel on December 13, 1862, for the Battle of Fredericksburg, and Colonel July 2, 1863, for the Battle of Gettysburg.
Following the war, he transferred to the 16th U.S. Infantry in September 1866, serving in that regiment until 1869. On December 15, 1870, he was briefly assigned to the 20th U.S. Infantry. Shortly thereafter, on January 1, 1871, he received his final assignment, serving as lieutenant colonel of the 25th U.S. Infantry until his retirement from active service in October 1874.
Bootes died in Wilmington, Delaware, at the age of 87.
# Larry Boylan

Laurence Charles Boylan (November 26, 1908 – March 10, 1997) was an American educator most notably for serving as an administrator at what is now known as Emporia State University. Before serving as president of the Kansas State Teachers College (KSTC), Boylan was the Dean of Graduate Studies at KSTC and served at a couple of different institutions before coming to Emporia.

## Biography
### Early life and education

Laurence Boylan was born on November 26, 1908, in Le Roy, New York. After graduating high school, Boylan attended Allegheny College completing his bachelor of arts in 1932, and both his master's and doctorate from Cornell University. After graduating with his master's degree, Boylan served as a guidance director at the Gloversville, New York, public school district. In 1954, Boylan moved to Emporia, Kansas, to become Dean of Graduate Studies at the Kansas State Teachers College.

### Kansas State Teachers College

Boylan began his twenty-year career at the Kansas State Teachers College in 1954 as the Student Services Director. In 1958, he became Dean of Graduate Studies, a position he held until he retired in 1972. From August 1966 to February 1967, he served as the Interim President of KSTC.
# Raundal

Raundal is a 2023 Indian Marathi-language action drama film directed by Gajanan Nana Padol and produced by Bhoomika Films and Entertainment in association with Rise Entertainment. The music is composed by Harsshit Abhiraj, while background score is by Rohit Nagbhide. The two songs of film "Mann Baharal" and "Dhagan Abhal" become popular. The film was theatrically released on 3 March 2023.

## Cast

* Bhausaheb Shinde
* Neha Sonwane
* Yashraj Dimbale
* Surekha Dimbale
* Shivraj Walvekar
* Sanjay Lakade
* Ganesh Deshmukh
* Sagar Lokhande
* Mangesh Bhimraj Jondhale

## Release

The film was theatrically released on 3 March 2023 in Marathi. The film has been released in a total of 320 theaters with 890 shows. After the success at the box office, the makers have announced that Raundal will be released in Hindi.

## Reception
### Critical reception

Santosh Bhingarde of Sakal rated 4 out of 5 stars and praised cinematography and criticised length of the film as well as number romantic scenes. Anub George of The Times of India rated 3 out of 5 and writes "The film has good bones, but ends up being a one-time watch". Manjiri Pokharkar of ABP Majha also gave 3 stars and praised performances, cinematography and criticised the number of songs in a movie.

### Box office

The film has grossed over ₹5 crore at the box office in India and becoming one of the highest grossing Marathi film of 2023.

## Soundtrack

The music is composed by Harsshit Abhiraj and songs were recorded by Vaishali Mhade, Ganesh Chandanshiv, Javed Ali and Swaroop Khan. Marathi lyrics are provided by Vinayak Pawar and Hindi by Sudhakar Sharma.

### Track listing

All music is composed by Harsshit Abhiraj
All lyrics are written by Sudhakar Sharma; all music is composed by Harsshit Abhiraj
# Reggie Shuford

Reginald "Reggie" T. Shuford is a North Carolina–based lawyer and executive director of the North Carolina Justice Center.

## Early life and education

Shuford grew up in public housing in Wilmington, North Carolina, the third of five children. Shuford earned high grades at New Hanover High School, leading to a scholarship to attend Cape Fear Academy, where he was the first black graduate in 1984. His classmate Patrick Ballantine later recalled Shuford was accused of acting white by the black community in Wilmington, leaving Shuford "sandwiched by ridicule". Shuford has stated that the prejudice he experienced in his early education motivated him to pursue a legal career.
Shuford went on to attend the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and University of North Carolina School of Law, where he earned his JD and was president of his law class. While attending law school, he was roommates with Jonathan Luna.

## Legal career

Throughout his career, Shuford has concentrated on social justice and civil rights. After graduation, he served as a clerk for Henry Frye, the first black chief justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court. Shuford has described Justice Frye as a legal role model who helped Shuford become a better writer.
Shuford served as a staff attorney for the ACLU's racial justice program from 1995 to 2010. Shuford represented the ACLU in Green v. TSA (2004), a challenge to the No Fly List.
In 2011, Shuford was named executive director of the Pennsylvania ACLU. In 2013, he defended a transgender student at a Philadelphia suburban high school who was forced to use his birth name.
Shuford oversaw the Pennsylvania ACLU's effort against Pennsylvania's voter ID law and prohibition on same-sex marriage, both of which were overturned. Shuford has also been involved in advocacy against perceived police brutality, including the New Jersey Safe Stop program.
In 2019, Shuford was involved in a lawsuit challenging Pennsylvania's bail system.
In 2023, Shuford was named executive director of the North Carolina Justice Center, a Raleigh-based progressive policy and advocacy nonprofit.

## Awards

In 2016, Pennsylvania State University Law's Black Law Students Association and Penn State's Multicultural Undergraduate Law Association presented Shuford with the Living Legal Legend Award, which recognizes an individual who displays a strong commitment to fight for justice and diversity. In 2009-2010 Shuford was a Wasserstein Fellow at Harvard Law School.

## Selected writings

* Why Affirmative Action Remains Essential in the Age of Obama
# Bisanthe

Bisanthe (Ancient Greek: Βισάνθη) was a great city in ancient Thrace, on the coast of the Propontis, which had been founded by the Samians. About 400 BCE, Bisanthe belonged to the kingdom of the Thracian prince Seuthes II. At a later period its name was changed into Raedestum, Rhaedestum or Rhaideston (Ῥαίδεστον), or Raedestus, Rhaedestus or Rhaidestos (Ῥαίδεστος); but when this change took place is unknown. In the 6th century CE, the emperor Justinian did much to restore the city, which seems to have fallen into decay; but after that time it was twice destroyed by the Bulgarians, first in 813, and a second time in 1206. The further history of this city, which was of great importance to Byzantium, was covered by Byzantine historians George Pachymeres and Cantacuzenus. It is generally believed that the town of Resistos or Resisto, mentioned by Pliny the Elder, and in the Antonine Itinerary, is the same as Bisanthe; but Pliny mentions Bisanthe and Resistos as distinct towns. Coins minted by Bisanthe survive. Under the name Rhaedestus, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
Its site is near the modern town of Tekirdağ.
# Charles S. Eastman

Charles Sumner Eastman (January 23, 1864 – August 26, 1939) was an American politician and lawyer who served as a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives. Eastman was a member of the La Follette family, a prominent political family in Wisconsin.

## Early life and education

Born in Primrose, Wisconsin, Eastman was educated in the Dane County public schools and at the Northwestern Business College.

## Career

In 1882, he moved to Dakota Territory and settled in Plankinton, Dakota Territory. In 1888, he was admitted to the Dakota Territory bar and practiced law in what is now Hot Springs, South Dakota and was senior member of Eastman & Dudley Law Firm. He served as county judge of Fall River County, South Dakota from 1887 to 1889 and then was deputy sheriff and sheriff of Fall River County from 1892 to 1897. He served as a Democrat in the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1907 to 1908.

## Personal life

His uncle was Robert M. La Follette, who served as a member of the United States Senate. Philip La Follette, Robert M. La Follette Jr., and Fola La Follette were Eastman's first cousins. Eastman died in Hot Springs, South Dakota.
# Radisson Lake (Saskatchewan)

Radisson Lake is an endorheic salt lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is located about 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi) north of the town of Radisson in the Rural Municipality of Great Bend No. 405. The lake is in the transition zone between mixed grassland and aspen parkland. Radisson Lake and the nearby town are named after Pierre-Esprit Radisson, who was a French coureur des bois and explorer in New France. He, and his brother-in-law Médard des Groseilliers, were instrumental in the development of the Hudson's Bay Company.
Access to Radisson Lake is from Rural Road, which connects to Highway 340. The Yellowhead Highway runs past the southern shore of the lake. The entire lake and surrounding shoreline is part of an Important Bird Area (IBA) of Canada.

## Radisson Lake IBA

Radisson Lake (SK 083) IBA covers an area of 17.07 km$^2$ (6.59 sq mi) that includes the lake and surrounding land. The habitat is important to several species of birds, including geese, swans, ducks, piping plovers, and whooping cranes. The beaches along the north-western shore and east-side bay are designated as critical piping plover habitat. This protects the shoreline from development up to the highwater mark.
# Ruby Stevens

Ruby Stevens is a Canadian para-swimmer born with complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia and generalized dystonia. She won gold in the women's S6 100-metre backstroke at the 2023 Parapan American Games setting a new Parapan American Games record in the event.

## Early life and education

Stevens is diagnosed with Asperger syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder, as well as having seizures due to epilepsy. She began synchronized swimming at age 2.

## Career

Stevens competed in synchronized swimming for the Variety Village Synchro Club and represented Canada in synchronized swimming at an international competition in Taiwan in 2015.
Stevens won the B Final in the women's multi class 100 breaststroke at the Para Swimming World Series in Guadalajara, Mexico, her first international competition. She competed at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile and won gold in the women's S6 100-metre backstroke. She won Canada's first gold at the Games and set a Games record at 1:30.41.
# George E. Lounsbury

George Edward Lounsbury (May 7, 1838 – August 16, 1904) was an American politician and the 58th Governor of Connecticut from 1899 to 1901.

## Early life

Lounsbury was born in Pound Ridge, New York, on May 7, 1838, the son of Nathan Lounsbury and Delia Scofield. He studied at Yale University and graduated in 1863. He then went to Berkeley Divinity School and graduated in 1866. He partnered with his brothers, Phineas C. Lounsbury, and founded two successful shoe factories - the Lounsbury Brothers Inc., a shoe factory and Lounsbury, Matthewson, and Company. He was of English ancestry.

## Politics

Lounsbury was a member of the Connecticut Senate representing the 12th District from 1894 to 1898. He became the Governor of Connecticut on January 4, 1899 after winning the 1898 Connecticut gubernatorial election. During his term, he vetoed many bills that helped to reduce the state deficit. He left office on January 9, 1901.

## Personal life

Lounsbury married Frances Josephine Potwin. He also was an Episcopal priest. He died on August 16, 1904, aged 66.

## Sources

* Sobel, Robert and John Raimo. Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States, 1789-1978. Greenwood Press, 1988. ISBN 0-313-28093-2
# Ice hockey at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics – Boys' tournament

The boys' ice hockey tournament at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics was held from 12 to 21 February at the Kristins Hall and the Youth Hall in Lillehammer, Norway.

## Preliminary round

All times are local (UTC+1).
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | SOW | SOL | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Canada | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 7 | +11 | 9 | Semifinals |
| 2 | United States | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 7 | +11 | 9 | Semifinals |
| 3 | Russia | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 9 | +12 | 8 | Semifinals |
| 4 | Finland | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 11 | +3 | 4 | Semifinals |
| 5 | Norway (H) | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 38 | −37 | 0 | |
* 1 2 Canada 4–2 United States

## Playoff round
### Bracket

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| 19 February | 19 February |
| Canada (GWS) | 4 |
| Canada (GWS) | 4 | 21 February | 21 February |
| Finland | 3 | 21 February | 21 February |
| Finland | 3 | Canada | 2 |
| 19 February | 19 February | | Canada | 2 |
| 19 February | 19 February | United States | 5 |
| United States | 3 | United States | 5 |
| Russia | 0 | | |
| Russia | 0 | Third place | Third place |
| | | 20 February | 20 February |
| | | Russia | 6 |
| | | Finland | 2 |

### Gold medal game
## Final ranking

| Pos | Grp | Team | Pld | W | SOW | SOL | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | A | United States | 6 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 9 | +17 | 15 |
| 2 | B | Canada | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 24 | 15 | +9 | 11 |
| 3 | A | Russia | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 27 | 14 | +13 | 11 |
| 4 | B | Finland | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 19 | 21 | −2 | 5 |
| 5 | B | Norway (H) | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 38 | −37 | 0 |
# Carmen Camacho

Carmen Camacho may refer to:
* Carmen Camacho (singer) (born 1939), Filipino Kundiman Diva
* Carmen Camacho (writer) (born 1976), Spanish writer
* Marita del Carmen Camacho Quirós (born 1911), former First Lady of Costa Rica; supercentenarian
# Dear

Dear(s) or The Dears may refer to:

## Manga

* Dear (manga), a 2002–2007 Japanese manga series by Cocoa Fujiwara
* DearS, a 2002–2005 Japanese manga series by Peach-Pit, and a 2004 anime series and visual novel
* Dear+, a Japanese manga magazine

## Music

* Dears (band), a Taiwanese duo
* The Dears, a Canadian rock band
* Dear (Apink album) or the title song, "Dear (Whisper)", 2016
* Dear (Boris album) or the title song, 2017
* Dear (Hey! Say! JUMP album) or the title song, 2016
* Dear (Shion Miyawaki album), 2008
* "Dear" (Mika Nakashima song), 2011
* "Dear" (Vivid song), 2009
* Dear., a 2018 EP by Cavetown

## Other uses

* Dear (surname)
* Duearity, a Swedish medtech company which trades on Nasdaq First North under ticker symbol DEAR
* Drop Everything And Read, a school-based sustained silent reading program
# Paivaea

Paivaea is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae. There is one described species in Paivaea, P. hispida.