OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Corton Denham

Corton Denham is a village and parish in Somerset, England, situated seven miles north east of Yeovil in the South Somerset district. The village has a population of 189.

## History

The village was named Corfetone in the Domesday Book of 1086, coming from the Old English meaning the settlement in a cutting. The second part of the name comes from the Dynham (later Dynham) family who held the manor from the 12th century until 1509.
The parish was part of the hundred of Horethorne.
In the 19th century an iron waterwheel was installed at Whitcombe Farmhouse.

## Governance

The parish council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs.
The village falls within the Non-metropolitan district of South Somerset, which was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, having previously been part of Wincanton Rural District. The district council is responsible for local planning and building control.
Somerset County Council is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as local education, public transport, police, and fire services.
It is also part of the Glastonbury and Somerton county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election, and was part of the South West England constituency of the European Parliament prior to Britain leaving the European Union in January 2020, which elected seven MEPs using the d'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation.

## Religious sites

The parish Church of St Andrew was rebuilt 1869–1870.

## Notable residents

Former Blue Peter presenter Valerie Singleton lived in the village.
Rear Admiral Godfrey Place is buried in the village.
# Hall circles

Hall circles (also known as M-circles and N-circles) are a graphical tool in control theory used to obtain values of a closed-loop transfer function from the Nyquist plot (or the Nichols plot) of the associated open-loop transfer function. Hall circles have been introduced in control theory by Albert C. Hall in his thesis.

## Construction

Consider a closed-loop linear control system with open-loop transfer function given by transfer function $G(s)$ and with a unit gain in the feedback loop. The closed-loop transfer function is given by T(s)=G(s)/(1+G(s)) {\textstyle T(s)={\frac {G(s)}{1+G(s)}}}.
To check the stability of T(s), it is possible to use the Nyquist stability criterion with the Nyquist plot of the open-loop transfer function G(s). Note, however, that only the Nyquist plot of G(s) does not give the actual values of T(s). To get this information from the G(s)-plane, Hall proposed to construct the locus of points in the G(s)-plane such that T(s) has constant magnitude and also the locus of points in the G(s)-plane such that T(s) has constant phase angle.
Given a positive real value M representing a fixed magnitude, and denoting G(s) by z, the points satisfying $M=|T(s)|={\frac {|G(s)|}{|1+G(s)|}}={\frac {|z|}{|1+z|}}$are given by the points z in the G(s)-plane such that the ratio of the distance between z and 0 and the distance between z and -1 is equal to M. The points z satisfying this locus condition are circles of Apollonius, and this locus is known in the context of control systems as M-circles.
Given a positive real value N representing a phase angle, the points satisfying $N=\arg \left[{\frac {G(s)}{1+G(s)}}\right]=\arg[G(s)]-\arg[1+G(s)]=\arg[z]-\arg[1+z]$are given by the points z in the G(s)-plane such that the angle between -1 and z and the angle between 0 and z is constant. In other words, the angle opposed to the line segment between -1 and 0 must be constant. This implies that the points z satisfying this locus condition are arcs of circles, and this locus is known in the context of control systems as N-circles.

## Usage

To use the Hall circles, a plot of M and N circles is done over the Nyquist plot of the open-loop transfer function. The points of the intersection between these graphics give the corresponding value of the closed-loop transfer function.
Hall circles are also used with the Nichols plot and in this setting, are also known as Nichols chart. Rather than overlaying directly the Hall circles over the Nichols plot, the points of the circles are transferred to a new coordinate system where the ordinate is given by $20\log _{10}(|G(s)|)$ and the abscissa is given by $\arg(G(s))$. The advantage of using Nichols chart is that adjusting the gain of the open loop transfer function directly reflects in up and down translation of the Nichols plot in the chart.
# Club World Championship

Club World Championship may refer to:
* FIFA Club World Cup, a football competition
** Intercontinental Cup (football), the unofficial predecessor to the FIFA Club World Cup
** FIFA Intercontinental Cup, a global football competition from 2024 using the FIFA Club World Cup's 2005 to 2023 format
* FIBA Intercontinental Cup, an international basketball championship for clubs
* World Club Challenge, a rugby league football competition
# Al-Aabbassiyah

Al-Aabbassiyah (Arabic: العباسيّة) is a municipality in the Tyre District in South Lebanon.

## Etymology

According to E. H. Palmer in 1881, the name Aabbassiyah came from the proper name ‘Abbâs, the uncle of the prophet.

## Location

Al-Aabbassiyah is located in the South Governorate, Tyre District. It is 150 m above sea level and 84 kilometers to the southwest of Beirut, the capital city of Lebanon, and 14 km from the center of its district Tyre.

## History

In 1875, Victor Guérin estimated the population to be 600 Metawileh.
In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as: "A stone-built village, containing 400 Metawileh, built on a ridge, the ground around it is cultivated for barley, etc., and there are groves of figs and olives. The water supply is derived from a large pool to the north, and a good spring built up with masonry, also to the north of the village; there are no antiquities, and only a few cisterns."

## Demographics

In 2014 Muslims made up 98.86% of registered voters in Al-Aabbassiyah. 97.58% of the voters were Shiite Muslims.

## Notable people

* Houssein Rizk (born 1997), Lebanese footballer
# Priene Synagogue

The Priene Synagogue is a former ancient Jewish synagogue, that was discovered in the modern-day town of Priene in Güllübahçe, Söke, in the Aydın Province, in the Aegean Region, on the western boundary of Turkey. The former synagogue building is now an archaeological site and Jewish museum.

## History

The synagogue was discovered by archaeologists Theodor Wiegand and Hans Schrader in the western residential area in 1895–98. The synagogue dates from the 2nd century CE and was built into an older Hellenistic house. It consists of a main hall with two rows of columns forming a small basilica. Only one column was still in place. However, in the 1904 excavation report they mistakenly speculated that the structure was a house church.
In 1928, archaeologist Eleazar Sukenik identified the building as a synagogue, pointing to a niche for the Torah Ark. He also noted the carved menorah near the niche. It is known that hundreds of thousands of Jews lived in Asia Minor in the 1st century CE. Only two confirmed synagogues have been discovered: the Sardis Synagogue and this second one in Priene.
In the summer of 2009 archeologists Nadin Burkhardt from the University of Frankfurt am Main and Mark Wilson of the Asia Minor Research Center in İzmir began an exploration of the synagogue in a dig sponsored by the Biblical Archaeology Society.
# Deki

Deki may refer to:
* DekiWiki, a former wiki developed by MindTouch
* Deki, a nickname for Dejan, a Slavic masculine name
** Dejan Kulusevski (born 2000), a Swedish professional footballer
* Deki Lhazom (born 2004), Bhutanese footballer
# Bathonea

Bathonea (Ancient Greek: Βαθονεία) is the probable name of a local community division known as a hekatostys (ἑκατοστύς, meaning "Hundred") of Byzantion or Rhegion that has generated considerable archaeological interest after being erroneously promoted as a "lost" city. It is located on the European shore of the sea of Marmara, 20 km west from Istanbul, Turkey in Küçükçekmece.
Among the claims are that it was at some point home to some of the Varangian Guards, elite Norsemen guards & settlers in Constantinople. The ruins found at the site, which have always remained visible, were studied extensively in 1930, specially during the Republican era by the Swiss archeologist Ernest Mamboury, who firstly thought and identified the settlement as the town of Rhegion based on some ancient sources.
In 2009 though, a new identification was proposed, as the Hellenistic-Roman city of Bathonea, which was taken as fact, generating considerable academic and public interest At the present, excavations are conducted under the direction of Dr. Şengül Aydıngün, an associate Professor of the Kocaeli University, and it continues to be promoted as a "lost" city despite the presence of only scant archaeological remains and no such city ever being referenced by any known contemporary sources from the Classical or Byzantine periods.

## Name

Because archeologists are at a site unknown by any historical sources, they are hesitant to draw conclusions. The name "Bathonea" is indeed a placeholder, taken from two inspirations. Pliny the Elder's Natural History names a river feeding the lake as the "Bathynias." Also, a monk named Theopanes' work refers to the local region as "Bathyasos." These are both likely variants of the name of the hekatostys.
# Ryan Lott

Ryan Lott (born January 24, 1979) is an American musician. He is the only founding member of the experimental trio Son Lux. He is also a member of Sisyphus and has scored the soundtracks for a number of films, most notably Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022), Mean Dreams (2017), Paper Towns (2015), and The Disappearance of Eleanor Rigby (2013). In 2020, Lott composed the soundtrack for the adventure game Tell Me Why. In 2022, he released a course on designing sample-based instruments with online music school Soundfly.

## Discography
### As Ryan Lott
#### Albums

* Original Music From And Inspired By: The Disappearance Of Eleanor Rigby (Glassnote, 2014) (as/with Son Lux)
* Sisyphus (Asthmatic Kitty/Joyful Noise, 2014) (with Sisyphus, as Son Lux)
* Pentaptych (2019)
* Quartered (2020) (with Third Coast Percussion)

#### EPs

* Beak & Claw (Anticon, 2012) (with Sisyphus, as Son Lux)

#### Soundtracks

* Tell Me Why: Original Video Game Soundtrack (2020)
* The Greatest Hits (Original Score) (2024)

### Collaborations

* First (2017) (with yMusic)
* S16 (2020) (with Woodkid)
# Boston Bulldogs (AFL)

The Boston Bulldogs were a professional American football team that competed in the first American Football League in 1926. Owned by Robert McKirby, the Bulldogs lasted only six games into the AFL season, playing one home game in Braves Field and one in Fenway Park. Coached by player-coach Herb Treat, the majority of the team played their college football in New England, Pennsylvania, and New York. The offense, marked by its inconsistent performance was led by Joe McGlone (who started the season playing for the Providence Steam Roller) was inconsistent, scoring a total of 20 points in its existence... 17 of which were tallied in one game (a 17–0 victory over the Brooklyn Horsemen on October 17, 1926). Erwin Gehrke and Carl Etelman shared the kicking duties. Bill Cronin, a tailback, scored the team's only offensive touchdown (the other TD was scored on a fumble recovery by Charlie Morrison).
While Robert McKirby was the owner of the team, it was subsidized by league founders C. C. Pyle and Red Grange (who owned the New York Yankees, the Los Angeles Wildcats, and a portion of the Chicago Bulls). While the team's first home game (a 13–0 loss to the Yankees at Fenway Park, October 9, 1926) drew 12,000 fans, only 2000 fans attended the team's next game (a 21-0 demolition by the Wildcats at Braves Field). The Bulldogs were not a draw on the road, having drawn no more than 4000 people to any game away from Boston. Despite the financial support by C. C. Pyle, the team was in such financial straits that it became the fourth AFL team to leave the league (November 14, 1926 – after Newark, Cleveland, and Brooklyn).
With the departure of the Rock Island Independents the following week, the fate of the first American Football League was sealed. Its last official game (the Yankees vs. the Bulls at Comiskey Park) was played on December 12, 1926. The AFL was no more.
| Year | W | L | T | Finish | Coach |
| 1926 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 6th | Herb Treat |

## After the first AFL

Immediately after the sudden departure of the Bulldogs from the AFL, two of the team's members managed to join other rosters in either the NFL or the AFL. Carl Etelman and Vern Hagenbuckle both joined the Providence Steam Roller in late November and finished their NFL careers the next month.
On the other hand, a few members of the 1926 Boston Bulldogs continued their pro football careers by signing contracts with National Football League teams:
Bill Cronin – 1927–29 Providence Steam Roller Bull Lowe – 1927 Providence Steam Roller Al Pierotti – 1927 Providence Steam Roller, 1929 Boston Bulldogs (NFL)
In 1929, there was a new Boston Bulldogs franchise in the National Football League. Unrelated to the AFL team, it was the relocated Pottsville Maroons franchise. It, too, lasted only one season in Boston before calling it quits.
# The Birth of Venus (Boucher)

The Birth of Venus is an oil-on-canvas painting by the French Rococo artist François Boucher, created c. 1750–1770. It is held in the Wallace Collection, in London, England. The painting was adapted from a 1743 oval composition by Boucher, now part of a private collection in New York.
# Ying'en Bridge

The Ying'en Bridge (simplified Chinese: 迎恩桥; traditional Chinese: 迎恩橋; pinyin: Yíng'ēn Qiáo), also known as Caishi Bridge (菜市桥; 菜市橋; Càishì Qiáo; 'Vegetable Market Bridge'), is a historic stone arch bridge over the Grand Canal in Yuecheng District, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.

## History

The bridge was built in an unknown age and rebuilt in 1626 during the Tianqi era of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). The bridge measures 19 metres (62 ft) long, 2.7 metres (8 ft 10 in) wide, and approximately 3.7 metres (12 ft) high. There are 12 stone posts supporting the railings, at the top of the railing posts stand carved 12 stone lions in different moods and postures.
In May 2013, it was listed among the seventh batch of "Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Zhejiang" by the State Council of China.
# Ninos Nikolaidis

Nino Nikolaidis is former rower from Greece. He is from Volos and he lives in Athens. He has achievements in World , European and Greek Championships .Το 2024 κατάφερε να νικήσει το survivor και να αναδειχθεί νικητής με το χρηματικό έπαθλο των 100000€
# Nine Views

45°48′47″N 15°58′31″E﻿ / ﻿45.8130174°N 15.9751946°E﻿ / 45.8130174; 15.9751946 Nine Views (Croatian: Devet pogleda) is an ambiental installation in Zagreb, Croatia which, together with the sculpture Prizemljeno Sunce (The Grounded Sun), comprises a scale model of the Solar System.
Prizemljeno Sunce by Ivan Kožarić was first displayed in 1971 by the building of the Croatian National Theatre, and since then changed location a few times. Since 1994, it has been situated in Bogovićeva Street. It is a bronze sphere around 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in diameter.
In 2004, artist Davor Preis [hr] had a two-week exhibition in the Josip Račić Exhibition Hall in Margaretska Street in Zagreb, and afterwards, he placed 9 models of the planets of the Solar System around Zagreb, to complete a model of the entire solar system. The models' sizes as well as their distances from the Prizemljeno Sunce are all in the same scale as the Prizemljeno Sunce itself.
Preis did this installation with very little or no publicity, so his installation is not well known among citizens of Zagreb. On a few occasions, individuals or small groups of people, particularly physics students, "discovered" that there was a model of the Solar System in Zagreb. One of the earliest efforts to find all of the planets was started in November 2004 on the web forum of the student section of the Croatian Physics Society.
The locations of the planets are as follows:
* Mercury - 3 Margaretska Street
* Venus - 3 Ban Josip Jelačić Square
* Earth - 9 Varšavska Street
* Mars - 21 Tkalčićeva Street
* Jupiter - 71 Voćarska Street
* Saturn - 1 Račićeva Street
* Uranus - 9 Siget (not at the residential building but at the garage across the street)
* Neptune - Kozari 17
* Pluto - Bologna Alley (underpass) - included in the installation before being demoted to dwarf planet (someone has since ripped Pluto off, however the plaque remains)
The system is at scale 1:680 000 000. Earth's model is about 1.9 cm (0.75 in) in diameter and is 225 m (246 yd) distance from the Sun's model, while Pluto's model is 7.7 km (4.8 mi) away from it.

## Gallery

* Sun
* Mercury
* Venus
* Earth
* Mars
* Jupiter
* Saturn
* Uranus
* Neptune
* Pluto
# David T. Patterson

David Trotter Patterson (February 28, 1818 – November 3, 1891) was a United States Senator from Tennessee at the beginning of the Reconstruction period.
A staunch Union supporter (as were most of his fellow East Tennesseans), he was elected by the Tennessee General Assembly to the U.S. Senate when Tennessee was readmitted to the Union on July 24, 1866, the first state of the former Confederacy to do so. He presented his credentials to the Senate on July 26, but they were challenged; he was not permitted to take the oath of office until July 28.

## Early life and education

David Trotter Patterson was born at Cedar Creek, near Greeneville, Tennessee, on February 28, 1818. He attended the common schools and later Greeneville College for two years. He studied law with a local attorney to prepare for a legal career.

## Career

After being admitted to the bar in 1841, Patterson practiced in Greeneville. He also engaged in manufacturing. He owned slaves. He was appointed as a judge of the first circuit court of Tennessee and served from 1854 to 1863. In addition, he acquired substantial amounts of land in East Tennessee and grew commodity crops.

## Marriage and family

On December 13, 1855, Patterson married Martha Johnson, daughter of Andrew Johnson and Eliza McCardle. They had two children, a son named Andrew (1857–1932), and a daughter named Mary (1859–1891).

## Political career

A Unionist from East Tennessee, Patterson was elected by the Tennessee General Assembly to the U.S. Senate when Tennessee became the first Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union on July 24, 1866. His father-in-law Andrew Johnson had succeeded as President of the United States following Lincoln's assassination the year before.
Johnson was impeached by the United States House of Representatives in February 1868, which caused Patterson personal conflict. According to the U.S. Constitution, the Senate had the duty to try Johnson on the charges, and did so from March to May 1868. Their vote was one short of the constitutional requirement of a two-thirds majority for conviction. Patterson believed that his father-in-law was not guilty and that the charges against him were contrived. In the decades since the impeachment, historians generally have agreed to a consensus with the same conclusion, but some disagreed.

## Post-political career

Patterson retired from public life when his Senate term expired on March 3, 1869. He returned to East Tennessee to manage his relatively vast agricultural interests.
On November 3, 1891, Patterson died in the small community of Afton. He was interred with the Johnson family in the Andrew Johnson National Cemetery in Greeneville.
# Linley House

Linley House is a heritage-listed house located at 360 Burns Bay Road, Linley Point in the Lane Cove Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It is also known as Linley and Grenaby. The property is privately owned. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

## Heritage listing

Linley was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
# Arthurtown, South Carolina

Arthurtown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Richland County, South Carolina, United States. It was listed appeared as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. Its population in 2020 was 2,294.

## Geography

The CDP is in western Richland County, bordered to the north, east, and west by the city of Columbia, the state capital, and to the south by the city of Cayce. South Carolina Highway 48 (Bluff Road) is the main road through Arthurtown, leading northwest 3 miles (5 km) to downtown Columbia and southeast 16 miles (26 km) to Gadsden. Interstate 77 passes just south of Arthurtown, with access from Exit 5 at SC 48.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Arthurtown CDP, South Carolina – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop. 2020 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 868 | 37.84% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 1,165 | 50.78% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 5 | 0.22% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 71 | 3.10% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 24 | 1.05% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 67 | 2.92% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 94 | 4.10% |
| Total | 2,294 | 100.00% |
# ABA Chemicals

ABA Chemicals, also known as Abachem, is a Chinese chemical manufacturing company headquartered in Taicang. The company was founded in 2006 as Suzhou ABA Chemicals, and is traded on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange as 300261.
The company provides contract development and manufacturing services to the pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and agrochemical industries. It offers various services for the production of fine chemicals; intermediates; and active pharmaceutical ingredients. The company also provides unnatural amino acids, pyrazoles, triazoles, and azaindoles, as well as producing an intermediate of API Levetiracetam for the treatment of epilepsy.
The company is also involved in pesticide manufacturing intermediates, and acquired the Chinese firm Shanghai Puyi Chemical to consolidate its position in this market. It also acquired Amino Chemicals, a pharmaceutical API intermediate manufacturer and member of the Dipharma Group, in 2017; Amino is based on Malta and was established in 1992. ABA and Dipharma began a working partnership in the 1980s, which provided Dipharma access to the Chinese pharmaceutical market.
As of 2017, ABA had six facilities, three manufacturing facilities in Jiangsu Province and three research and development facilities in Shanghai. The manufacturing facility in Taicang was ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certified as of 2016.