OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Transfer of the São Francisco River

The Transfer of the São Francisco River is a large-scale interbasin transfer to the dry sertão in the four northeastern states of Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba and Pernambuco in Brazil. The project, which was given the green light to go ahead by Brazil's government in 2005, is estimated to cost US$2 billion and is expected to improve the lives of 12 million people. After legal challenges were brought against the project, the Supreme Court allowed it to go ahead in December 2007.

## Technical aspects

The project would divert 1.4% of the river's water for municipal water supply, industry and irrigation. Municipal water supply would receive priority over other uses, which would only be catered for when the Sobradinho Reservoir behind the Sobradinho Dam on the São Francisco River, which produces much of the region's electricity, is nearly full about 40% of the time. The project actually consists of two transfers: The East axis would transfer water to the Paraíba do Norte River, while the North axis would transfer water to the Jaguaribe and Piranhas rivers. The project includes 700 km of canals and tunnels, as well as several dams. It is expected to displace almost a million people and construction is expected to take 20 years to complete.

## Criticism and controversy

Critics of the project argue that beneficiary states should improve management of their own water before importing it from outside the region. Bishop Luiz Flávio Cappio from Bahia also wonders why water is being exported when 3m poor live along the Sao Francisco river's course, many of them without running water and proper sanitation. He argues that the transfer “will demand huge resources that could be spent on other projects much closer to the reality of the people”. It is also being said that the project will mainly benefit richer farmers who already have irrigation infrastructure in place and not rainfed farmers that are hardest hit by drought. The alleged insufficiency of water in the Sao Francisco River itself during the dry season, and its consequent impact on aquatic ecosystems, is another argument of critics. For example, João Alves Filho, governor of the state of Sergipe, says that there are already “signs of mortality” where the river joins the sea. Marco Antônio Tavares Coelho, a prominent opponent, says that "aridity is the natural state of the sertão" and that soaking it would be like "removing ice from the North Pole". In 2001 the World Bank reportedly refused to finance the project because of its limited impact in combating poverty and drought.
# Institute for Nuclear Research

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS, Russian: Институт ядерных исследований) is a Russian scientific research center "for further development of the experimental base and fundamental research activities in the field of atomic nucleus, elementary particle and cosmic ray physics and neutrino astrophysics".

## History

It was founded in 1970 by the Decree of the USSR Council of Ministers. Located in Moscow, Russia near the Moscow State University and in Troitsk.
The institute is a founder of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory, the Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Telescope (Lake Baikal) and the former Artemovskaya Scientific Station (Soledar, Ukraine).
About 1,300 specialists including 5 academicians and 2 corresponding members of the RAS, 42 doctors and 160 candidates of science work in the institute.

## Directors

* Albert Nikiforovich Tavkhelidze, academician of RAS (1970–1986)
* Viktor Anatolyevich Matveev, academician of RAS, head of the Presidium of the Scientific Center of RAS in Troitsk (1987–2014)
* Leonid Vladimirovich Kravchuk (since 2015)
# Alfred Pupunu

Alfred Sione Pupunu (born October 16, 1969) is a former professional American football tight end who played nine seasons in the National Football League from 1992 to 2000. He played college football for the Weber State Wildcats.

## Early life

Pupunu attended and played high school football at South High School in Salt Lake City, Utah.

## College career

Pupunu played college football at Weber State University, where he went on to earn all-Big Sky Conference and All-American honors and has been inducted into the school's athletic Hall of Fame. Pupunu earned Walter Camp All-American honors after leading the nation (NCAA Division I-AA, now Football Championship Subdivision) in receptions, with 93, in 1991. The 93 receptions are the second-most ever in a single season by a tight end.
Pupunu was also an All-Conference performer at Dixie State College of Utah.

## Professional career
### Playing career

Pupunu played for the San Diego Chargers (1992–1997, 1999), the Kansas City Chiefs (1997), the New York Giants (1998) and the Detroit Lions (2000). Pupunu made a championship appearance with the Chargers in Super Bowl XXIX in the 1994 season, and helped them get there by scoring a touchdown in the AFC title game.
Though Pupunu only scored five career touchdowns (three regular season, two postseason), he performed a unique celebration after each, in which he mimicked twisting off the top of a coconut and drinking the juice, a very popular celebration among San Diego fans.
Pupunu finished his career with 102 receptions for 1,000 yards and three touchdowns in 103 games.

### Coaching career

Pupunu was a volunteer assistant at the University of Utah Utes Football Team for three years (2005–2007).
In 2008, Pupunu was invited to coach the running backs and tight ends at the Southern Utah University (Cedar City, UT) Thunderbirds Football Team by Head Coach Ed Lamb. On February 24, 2010, Pupunu was named assistant coach at the University of Idaho. Pupunu then starting coaching the tight ends at Weber State University beginning in the 2017 season.
In January 2019, he joined the University of Colorado staff as the tight end coach, hired by new CU head coach Mel Tucker.

## Personal life

Pupunu was born in Tonga, but moved to Utah with his parents as a baby.
# Jubilee Dunbar

Allen "Jubilee" Dunbar (born May 17, 1947) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for two seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the New Orleans Saints and Cleveland Browns. He was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the third round of the 1972 NFL draft. He played college football at Southern University and attended Washington High School in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Dunbar was also a member of the Philadelphia Bell of the World Football League.
# Leiden scale

The Leiden scale (°L or ÐL) is a temperature scale that was used to calibrate low-temperature indirect measurements in the early 20th century, by providing conventional values (in kelvins, then termed "degrees Kelvin") of helium vapour pressure. The scale dates back at around 1894, when Heike Kamerlingh Onnes established his cryogenics laboratory in Leiden, Netherlands. It was used below −183 °C, the starting point of the International Temperature Scale in the 1930s (Awbery 1934). The boiling points of standard hydrogen (−253 °C), consisting of 75% orthohydrogen and 25% parahydrogen, and oxygen (−183 °C) were used as fixed points, corresponding to zero and 70 on the scale respectively.
# Frank Lucas (Wyoming politician)

Franklin Earl Lucas (August 4, 1876 – November 26, 1948) was an American businessman and politician from Wyoming. A Republican, he is most notable for his service as the 13th governor of Wyoming from 1924 until 1925. Lucas served as Secretary of State of Wyoming from 1923 to 1927, an office to which he was elected after previously serving in the Wyoming House of Representatives and Wyoming Senate.

## Biography

Lucas was born in Grant City, Missouri on August 4, 1876. He was raised and educated in Bedford, Iowa, and left school after the eighth grade to begin training for a career in journalism as a printer's apprentice. After completing his apprentice ship and working for two Iowa newspapers, in 1899 he moved to Buffalo, Wyoming, where he became owner and publisher of the Buffalo Bulletin.
As publisher, Lucas used the Bulletin to advocate for Republican policies and candidates, and was eventually encouraged to run for office himself. Lucas served in the Wyoming House of Representatives for two terms (1915 to 1919) and Wyoming Senate for two (1919 to 1923). In 1922, Lucas was the successful Republican nominee for Secretary of State of Wyoming.
Lucas was serving as secretary of state in October 1924 when Governor William B. Ross died. As next in line, Lucas succeeded to the governorship, and he carried out the responsibilities of that office while continuing to serve as secretary of state. In November, Ross's widow, Democrat Nellie Tayloe Ross won election to the special election to complete her husband's term, becoming the first woman governor in the history of the United States. Lucas continued to serve as governor until the start of Mrs. Ross's term in January 1925, then resumed his secretary of state duties.
Lucas ran for Governor in 1926 but was defeated in the Republican primary by Frank Emerson. He ran again in 1934, and was defeated in the Republican primary by Alonzo M. Clark. After leaving office, Lucas returned to management of the Buffalo Bulletin. He died in Buffalo on November 26, 1948. He was buried at Willow Grove Cemetery in Buffalo.
Lucas was the husband of Ina Belle Craven. They were the parents of three children, one of whom died in infancy.
# Nels J. Smith

Nels Jensen Smith (January 29, 1939 – September 1, 2023) was an American politician in the state of Wyoming. He served in the Wyoming House of Representatives as a member of the Republican Party. He served as Speaker of the Wyoming House of Representatives from 1977 to 1979. He attended the University of Wyoming and was a rancher. His grandfather, Nels H. Smith, was a Governor of Wyoming.

## Early life and education

Smith was born in Newcastle, Wyoming, into a politically active family. Smith's parents were Peter and Helen (Jensen) Smith. He was born while his grandfather was governor of Wyoming and both he and his sister Connie Smith were christened at the governor's mansion. Connie Smith disappeared in 1952 at age 10 while attending summer camp in Connecticut, and was never found. The case is unsolved.
Smith attended the University of Wyoming from which he graduated with bachelor's degree in 1961. Subsequently, he purchased several ranches in Sundance, Wyoming and managed the operations himself.

## Political career

Smith began his political career in 1962 when he won the Crook County seat in the Wyoming House of Representatives. During his time in the legislature, Smith, a Republican, sponsored several notable bills including the first strip mine reclamation law in the West. Smith also worked on several populist causes including authoring a state constitutional amendment which prohibited the implementation of a state income tax and championing a sales tax rebate for the elderly and disabled.
In 1975, Smith was chosen by his party to chair the Legislative Management Council, a position he held until 1978. Smith also served as the Majority Floor Leader and Speaker Pro Tem. In 1977, during his eighth and final term in office, Smith was given the position of Speaker of the Wyoming House of Representatives.
After leaving the state legislature, Smith continued to run his ranches and stayed heavily involved in Wyoming politics. As president of the Wyoming Taxpayers Association, he worked for the formation of a state Budget Adjustment Account. In 1982, Smith mounted a campaign for the governor's office. He led the polls leading up to the primary, but had quit the race citing on-going health issues.
In 1983, Smith became Wyoming's Public Service Commissioner. He was an active member of the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners. He continued to serve on the state Public Service Commission until 1991.
Nels J. Smith died in a car accident on September 1, 2023, at the age of 84. His wife was also killed in the same accident.
# Lettie D. Campbell

Lettie D. Campbell was an American politician from Afton, Wyoming, who served a single term in the Wyoming House of Representatives. She was elected in 1930, and represented Lincoln County from 1931 to 1933 as a Republican in the 21st Wyoming Legislature. Campbell represented Lincoln County alongside R. H. Embree, A. E. Wilde, and Platt Wilson.
Campbell had a brother named C. J. Dewey.
# Holon Junction railway station

Holon Junction railway station is a railway station on the Rosh HaAyin–Beersheba line. The station is located at the Holon Interchange (the intersection of the South Ayalon Highway and Highway 44) which separates Tel Aviv from its southern suburb Holon.
With 629,715 passengers recorded in 2019, it was the least-used station in the Tel Aviv District.

## Train service

All trains serving the Rosh HaAyin–Beersheba line stop at this station, as well as at all stations of the line.
On most weekday hours there is a train every 30 minutes each direction. On rush hours there is a train every 15 minutes each direction. Some of the southbound trains terminate at Rishon LeZion Moshe Dayan or Ashkelon and do not continue to Be'er Sheva.

## Public transport connections
### Local service
#### From Holon

From Holon there are several bus routes in high frequency. The routes stop at Levi Eshkol blvd, except routes 189/289 at their northbound direction that stop at Ben Tzvi Road.

#### From Bat Yam

From Bat Yam the station is served by bus route 26.

### Regional and intercity bus service

On highway 44 there is a big number of regional bus routes and intercity bus routes but most of them are regular buses and some of them have low frequency.
# Jubilee Hill

Jubilee Hill is situated in the range of Malvern Hills that runs about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-south along the Herefordshire-Worcestershire border. It lies between Perseverance Hill and Pinnacle Hill and has an elevation of 327 metres (1,073 ft).
Jubilee Hill was named by the Malvern Hills Conservators in 2002 in honour of the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II. The Duke of York unveiled a plaque at the top of the hill, commemorating its new identity, in 2003.
The plaque was taken away by someone sometime in March/April 2018, but was replaced with a new plaque in June 2022.
The site was also previously known, and is still today by a group of locals, as 'Dad's Hill', after a well-loved local bicycle shop-owner called Mr Earp who climbed Jubilee Hill frequently. Commemorated there upon his death a local group still climb the hill on the same day every year in his name.
Jubilee Drive, the road which runs along the western (Herefordshire) side of the hills, was built and named for the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria, in 1887.
# Kuhak-e Do

Kuhak-e Do (Persian: كوهك 2, also Romanized as Kūhak-e Do; also known as Kūhak-e Pā’īn) is a village in Band-e Amir Rural District, Zarqan District, Shiraz County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 106, in 28 families.
# Mungarina Minchu

Mungarina Minchu (Kannada: ಮುಂಗಾರಿನ ಮಿಂಚು / transl. Thunder of the Monsoon) is a 1997 Indian Kannada language romantic drama film directed and written by Rajendra Singh Babu starring Ramesh Arvind, Shilpa and Suman Nagarkar. The film is inspired from the 1942 Italian film Quattro passi fra le nuvole (Four Steps in the Clouds) and its 1995 American remake A Walk in the Clouds. The music was composed by V. Manohar. The film was considered one of the best movies by Rajendra Singh Babu.
The film was awarded the Best Feature Film in Kannada at the 45th National Film Awards.

## Cast

* Ramesh Aravind as Chethan
* Shilpa as Indu
* Suman Nagarkar as Varsha
* Lokesh as Ajja, Indu's grandfather
* B. Jayamma as Ajji, Indu's grandmother
* Srinivasa Murthy as Annappa, Indu's father
* Jayalakshmi as Varsha's aunty
* Padma Kumata as Indu's mother
* Karibasavaiah as Ajja's servant

## Soundtrack

All the songs are composed and written by V. Manohar.
| Sl No | Song Title | Singer(s) | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Silence Silence Ella Silence" | Rajesh Krishnan, K. S. Chithra | V. Manohar |
| 2 | "Deepavalige Thotad Manege" | Rajesh Krishnan, Sowmya, Chandrika | V. Manohar |
| 3 | "Saki Shakunthala Chintheli Kunthala" | Rajesh Krishnan, C. Ashwath | V. Manohar |
| 4 | "Hrudayada Anchinali Mungarina Minchu" | Rajesh Krishnan, K. S. Chithra | V. Manohar |
| 5 | "Vasanthadalli Santhanaga Beda" | Rajesh Krishnan, Suma Shastry | V. Manohar |

## Legacy

In a write-up from 2020, a writer from Deccan Herald opined that Ramesh Aravind "played his roles to a T in complex dramas like Mungarina Minchu (1997), Hoomale (1998) and Chandramukhi Pranasakhi (1999)".
# Banauli Donauli

Banauli is a village or Ward No. 07 in Pipra Rural Municipality of Mahottari District in the Madhesh Pradesh (Mithila region) of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4577 people living in 944 individual households. It is very near Thakurpati and Jankpurdham city.
In the village the major inhabitants are Maithil Brahmins (highest in Nepal) Bhumihar, Dhanuk, Shahu, Lohar, Mukhiya, Das etc.
Formerly this Village was under Banauli-Donauli Village Development Committee of Mahottari district however after the provincial distribution of the country, it lies in Pipara Rural Municipality of Mahottari district in Madhesh Pradesh. Banauli is also considered as the place where great Maithili Poet Vidyapati lived around twelve years and hence it holds great historical significance. The place where Maithili poet Vidyapati lived is known as Banauli Vidyapati Dih. The site is also claimed as the capital of the Raj Banauli of the King Puraditya of the Dronawara Dynasty in Mithila. This village lies 4 km south of Janakpurdham. The village is connected by the Vidyapati National Highway from Janakpur to the Indo - Nepal border town Matihani via Ekrahiya Village. The Vidyapati National Highway is also connected to the Bhitthamore - Janakpur National Highway at Vidyapati Dwar ( Gate ).
# Petah Tikva–Segula railway station

vteHerzliya– Ashkelon line :
Legend :
Israel Rail Lines Map :
The Petah Tikva–Segula railway station is a suburban passenger railway station in Israel, operated by Israel Railways.
It is located on the Yarkon Railway in northeast Petah Tikva at the Yarkonim shopping district across the Segula industrial zone and is separated from the rest of the city. The station was opened in 2000 as part of the Tel Aviv - Rosh ha'ayin line. Initially a temporary structure was used and only a single platform was active, until late 2002 when the final structure was finished and both platforms became active.
The station's location is problematic, as it is contained within a commercial center that was constructed without the proper permits (although the station itself was legally built). As a result, after a series of failed legal appeals the center was closed in 2019, complicating the access to and parking at the station.

## Train service

| Preceding station | Israel Railways | Israel Railways | Israel Railways | Following station |
| Rosh HaAyin–Northtowards Herzliya | | Herzliya–Ashkelon | | Petah Tikva–Kiryat Aryehtowards Ashkelon |

## Ridership

Passengers boarding and disembarking by year :
| Year | Passengers | Rank | Source |
| 2021 | 221,772 ( 15,929) | 58 of 66 ( 11) | 2021 Freedom of Information Law Annual Report |
| 2020 | 237,701 ( 667,739) | 47 of 68 ( 5) | 2020 Freedom of Information Law Annual Report |
| 2019 | 905,440 | 42 of 68 | 2019 Freedom of Information Law Annual Report |
# Hangest station

Hangest is a railway station located in the commune of Hangest-sur-Somme in the Somme department, France. The station is served by TER Hauts-de-France trains (Abbeville - Amiens - Albert line).
# Quechuan mouse opossum

The Quechuan mouse opossum (Marmosa macrotarsus), also called the western Amazonian mouse opossum, is a South American opossum species of the family Didelphidae. It was known from only two areas of montane forest on the eastern slopes of the Andes in Peru, at altitudes from 300 to 2700 m.: at the type locality in the Valle de Occobamba is in the southern area, in Cuzco Region, and in the northern area is in the vicinity of Moyobamba in San Martín Region. A 2014 survey found this species in Bolivia and Brazil. The northern Peruvian area has suffered from habitat destruction, but the southern area is not seriously degraded. The name Marmosa macrotarsus may be preoccupied, and the name may revert to Marmosa quichua.
# KRI Makassar

KRI Makassar (590) is the lead ship of the Makassar-class landing platform dock of the Indonesian Navy.

## Development and design

Indonesia signed a US$150 million contract in December 2004 and the first two units were built in Busan, South Korea. The remaining two were built at Indonesia's PT PAL shipyard in Surabaya with assistance from Daesun.The contract for the 3rd and 4th LPD to be built in Indonesia was signed with PT PAL on March 28, 2005.
On 19 October 2006, the first of the two Indonesian-built units, was laid down in a ceremony by Admiral Slamet Subiyanto, Chief of Staff, Indonesian Navy. The 3rd and 4th units had been designed to function as flagships with provisions for a command and control system, 57mm gun and air defence systems.
The 5th ship ordered by Indonesian navy on January 11, 2017. First steel cutting ceremony for said ship was conducted on April 28, 2017. The ship's keel was laid on August 28. 2017.

## Construction and career

Makassar was laid down and launched on 7 December 2006 by DSME at Busan. She was commissioned on 29 April 2007.
KRI Makassar arrived at Pearl Harbor on 26 June 2018 in preparation for RIMPAC 2018 from 27 June to 2 August.
# Wilhelm Lothar Maria von Kerpen

Wilhelm Lothar Maria, Freiherr von Kerpen (24 May 1741 – 26 December 1823) was an Austrian general.

## Early life

Kerpen was the son of Baron Lothar Franz von Kerpen (1706-1768) and his wife, Maria Charlotte Mohr von Wald (1709-1789). He received his initial education at the court of the Elector of Trier Franz Georg von Schönborn before beginning his studies at the University of Würzburg.

## Career

Kerpen joined the army of Habsburg Austria and rose to the rank of general officer during the French Revolutionary Wars. He led a brigade under Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld during the War of the First Coalition. In the spring of 1796 he transferred to Italy where he commanded a brigade at the start of the Montenotte Campaign. Later that year he was ordered to help defend the County of Tyrol. After being promoted to Feldmarschall-Leutnant, he led a force against Barthélemy Catherine Joubert's French corps at Salorno, Klausen, and Brixen in March 1797. That year he became Proprietor (Inhaber) of Infantry Regiment Nr. 49, a position he held until his death.
Kerpen was deputy to the commanding general of Bohemia from 1803 to 1807. He became Imperial Privy Councilor and Chamberlain in 1807. He was commanding general of Inner Austria from 1807 to 1809, during which time he received promotion to Feldzeugmeister. He served as Vice President of the Aulic Council from January 1810 to November 1813. In the latter year he retired from military service.

## Personal life

He married Baroness Maria Antoinette von Hornstein-Göffingen (1757-1828). Together, they were the parents of four daughters, including:
* Karolina Maria von Kerpen (1782–1841), who married Ferdinand, 5th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau, the elder son of Joseph, 4th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau.
* Anna Maria von Kerpen (1784–1862), who married Count Friedrich Karl Joseph von Schönborn, youngest son of Count Hugo Damian Erwein von Schönborn-Wiesentheid, in 1811.
Baron von Kerpen died at Vienna in 1823.

### Descendants

Through his daughter Karolina, he was a grandfather or Rudolf, 6th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (who married Countess Wilhelmine of Colloredo-Mansfeld), and Count Joseph Sidonius Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (who married Countess Marie Henriette Czernin of Chudenitz).