OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Betty Karnette

Betty Karnette (née Petty; September 13, 1931 – September 8, 2021) was an American politician who served in the California State Assembly from 1992 to 1994 and from 2004 to 2008 and in the California State Senate from 1996 to 2004. She was elected to a second stint in the California State Assembly in November 2004 to represent the 54th district. Her district included the cities of Avalon, Long Beach, Palos Verdes Estates, Rancho Palos Verdes, Rolling Hills, Rolling Hills Estates, San Pedro, and Signal Hill. Her district contained parts of the Port of Long Beach and the Port of Los Angeles.

## Biography

Karnette served one previous term in the State Assembly from 1992 until she was defeated by Steven T. Kuykendall in 1994. She also served in the California State Senate from 1996 until she was termed out in 2004. Her committee assignments included the Rules; Appropriations; Transportation; Insurance; and the Arts, Entertainment, Sports, Tourism and Internet Media Committees. She chaired the Assembly Select Committee on Ports.
Betty Karnette died on September 8, 2021, in Long Beach, California, five days shy of her 90th birthday.

## Legislative accomplishments

* Authoring legislation requiring that voters be able to review the political contributions received by candidates for public office (SB 49).
* Authoring legislation allowing the use of "battered woman syndrome" to be used in defense of those convicted of killing abusive spouses (SB 799).
* Creating the Aquatic Invasive Species council within the Department of Fish and Game (SB 1573).
* Directing and assisting in development of a statewide study to improve transportation conditions linked with gateways for global trade.
# Marlon Williams (American musician)

Marlon Williams is a hip-hop guitarist and producer from Los Angeles. He is best known for his work as musical director for Snoop Dogg. He helped launch the careers of Terrace Martin and Kamasi Washington by inviting them to tour and record with Snoop. He has also recorded with Nate Dogg, Warren G, Kendrick Lamar and The Pollyseeds, and was an early member of Fishbone.

## Discography
### As guitarist

* Mýa – Fear of Flying (2000)
* Warren G – The Return of the Regulator (2001)
* Snoop Dogg – Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss (2002)
* Warren G – In the Mid-Nite Hour (2005)
* Snoop Dogg – Bigg Snoop Dogg Presents... Welcome to tha Chuuch: Da Album (2005)
* Snoop Dogg – Tha Blue Carpet Treatment (2006)
* Snoop Dogg – Ego Trippin' (2008)
* Snoop Dogg – Malice n Wonderland (2009)
* Kurupt – Streetlights (2010)
* Kendrick Lamar – Good Kid, M.A.A.D City (2012)
* Snoop Dogg – Reincarnated (2013)
* Terrace Martin – 3ChordFold (2013) (also producer)
* YG – My Krazy Life (2014)
* Kendrick Lamar – To Pimp a Butterfly (2015)
* YG – Still Brazy (2016)
* Schoolboy Q – Blank Face LP (2016)
* The Pollyseeds – Sounds of Crenshaw Vol. 1 (2017) (also co-producer)
* Adam Turchin – Manifest Destiny (2017)
* Fergie – Double Dutchess (2017)
* YG – Stay Dangerous (2018)
# Heather Graham (cricketer)

Heather Louise Graham (born 5 October 1996) is an Australian cricketer who plays for Tasmania and Hobart Hurricanes.

## Domestic career

In November 2018, she was named in the Perth Scorchers' squad for the 2018–19 Women's Big Bash League season. In April 2019, Cricket Australia awarded her with a contract with the National Performance Squad ahead of the 2019–20 season. In 2020, Graham moved to the Tasmanian Tigers so she could spend more time with her partner, all-rounder Emily Smith, who had moved to Tasmania in the previous season.
In 2021, she was drafted by Trent Rockets for the inaugural season of The Hundred. In November 2021, Graham reached 2 milestones in the Women's Big Bash League, during the same game against Sydney Sixers, she had scored 1000 runs and taken 100 wickets in her WBBL career.

## International career

In August 2019, Graham was named in Australia's squad for their series against the West Indies. The following month, Graham was again named in Australia's squad, this time for their series against Sri Lanka. She made her Women's One Day International (WODI) debut for Australia, against Sri Lanka, on 7 October 2019.
In January 2022, Graham was named in Australia's A squad for their series against England A, with the matches being played alongside the Women's Ashes. The following month, Graham was named as a reserve in Australia's team for the 2022 Women's Cricket World Cup in New Zealand, replacing Hannah Darlington. Graham was eventually added to Australia's squad for the World Cup as a temporary replacement for Ashleigh Gardner, after Gardner gave a positive test for COVID-19.
In July 2022, Graham was added to Australia's Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) squad for the 2022 Ireland women's Tri-Nation Series.
Graham was drafted into the Australia squad during the 2024 ICC Women's T20 World Cup as a replacement for the injured Tayla Vlaeminck.
# Mateusz Hewelt

Mateusz Tomasz Hewelt (born 23 September 1996) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for National League North club Radcliffe.

## Career

At the age of 5, Hewelt moved to the Republic of Ireland, where he was scouted by English Premier League side Everton, who eventually signed him.
In 2019, Hewelt signed for Miedź Legnica in the Polish second division.
On 3 October 2020, he scored an equaliser in stoppage time of a 2–2 draw against Chrobry Głogów.
He signed for Northern Premier League side Bamber Bridge on a free transfer in September 2021.
On 28 January 2022, Hewelt joined EFL League Two side Tranmere Rovers on a short-term contract and was immediately loaned back to Bamber Bridge for the rest of the 2021–22 season. On 26 February 2022, his loan at Bamber Bridge was cut short and he instead joined Northern Premier League Premier Division rivals Stafford Rangers on loan for the remainder of the season.
On 9 May 2023, Tranmere announced he was being released.
In June 2023, Hewelt signed for Northern Premier League Premier Division club Radcliffe.

## Honours

Everton U23s
* Premier League Cup: 2018–19
# A (musical note)

A is a musical note equivalent to 440 Hz in typical A440 tuning. It is the sixth note of La and the tenth semitone of the fixed-do solfège.
Its enharmonic equivalents are B♭♭ (B double flat) which is a diatonic semitone above A♭ and G (G double sharp) which is a diatonic semitone below A♯.
"A" is generally used as a standard for tuning. When the orchestra tunes, the oboe plays an "A" and the rest of the instruments tune to match that pitch. Every string instrument in the orchestra has an A string, from which each player can tune the rest of their instrument.
"A" is also used in combination with a number (e.g. A-440) to label the pitch standard. The number designates the frequency in hertz. A lower number indicates a lower pitch.
The International Standards Organization (ISO) has standardized the pitch at A-440. However, tuning has varied over time, geographical region, or instrument maker. In 17th-century Europe, tunings ranged from about A-374 to A-403, approximately two to three semitones below A-440. Historical examples exist of instruments, tuning forks, or standards ranging from A-309 to A-455.3, a difference of almost six semitones. Although the official standard today is A-440, some orchestral groups and chamber groups prefer to tune a little higher, at A-442 or even A-444. Baroque pitch is usually cited as A-415, which is a semitone lower than modern pitch.
A0 is the lowest note on the standard piano. The octaves follow A1, A2, etc. A7 is a few pitches lower than C8, the highest note on the standard piano.

## Designation by octave

| Scientific designation | Helmholtz designation | Octave name | Frequency (Hz) |
| A$_{−1}$ | A͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵A or AAAA | Subsubcontra | 13.75 |
| A$_0$ | A͵͵ or ͵͵A or AAA | Subcontra | 27.5 |
| A$_1$ | A͵ or ͵A or AA | Contra | 55 |
| A$_2$ | A | Great | 110 |
| A$_3$ | a | Small | 220 |
| A$_4$ | a′ | One-lined | 440 |
| A$_5$ | a′′ | Two-lined | 880 |
| A$_6$ | a′′′ | Three-lined | 1760 |
| A$_7$ | a′′′′ | Four-lined | 3520 |
| A$_8$ | a′′′′′ | Five-lined | 7040 |
| A$_9$ | a′′′′′′ | Six-lined | 14080 |
| A$_{10}$ | a′′′′′′′ | Seven-lined | 28160 |

## Scales
### Common scales beginning on A

* A major: A B C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A
* A natural minor: A B C D E F G A
* A harmonic minor: A B C D E F G♯ A
* A melodic minor ascending: A B C D E F♯ G♯ A
* A melodic minor descending: A G F E D C B A

### Diatonic scales

* A Ionian: A B C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A
* A Dorian: A B C D E F♯ G A
* A Phrygian: A B♭ C D E F G A
* A Lydian: A B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A
* A Mixolydian: A B C♯ D E F♯ G A
* A Aeolian: A B C D E F G A
* A Locrian: A B♭ C D E♭ F G A

### Jazz melodic minor

* A Ascending melodic minor: A B C D E F♯ G♯ A
* A Dorian ♭2: A B♭ C D E F♯ G A
* A Lydian augmented: A B C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A
* A Lydian dominant: A B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G A
* A Mixolydian ♭6: A B C♯ D E F G A
* A Locrian ♮2: A B C D E♭ F G A
* A Altered: A B♭ C D♭ E♭ F G A
# Al Namar Sub-Municipality

Baladiyah al-Namar (Arabic: بلدية نمار), officially the Al-Namar Sub-Municipality and formerly the Utayqah Municipality, is one of the 16 baladiyahs of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It consists of 6 neighborhoods and is responsible for their development, planning and maintenance.

## Neighborhoods and districts

* Al-Namar
* Hajrah Laban (partially)
* Zahrah Namar
* Dirab
* Urayja al-Gharbi
* Al-Hazm
# Al Urayja Sub-Municipality

Baladiyah al-Urayja (Arabic: بلدية العريجاء), also Al Urayja Sub-Municipality is one of the 16 baladiyahs of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia . It includes 13 neighborhoods and districts and is responsible for their planning, development and maintenance.

## Neighborhoods and districts

* Derihmiyah
* Shubra
* Suwaydi al-Gharbi
* Al Urayja
* Al Urayja al-Gharbiyah (partially)
* Al Urayja al-Wusta
* Al-Zahrah
* Al-Zahrah al-Badiah
* Al-Suwaidi
* Al-Sultanah
* Tuwaiq
* Hajrah Laban (partially)
# Wat Si Chum Inscription

The Wat Si Chum Inscription, formally known as Sukhothai Inscription No. 2, is sema stone bearing inscriptions in the early Thai script, which is most significant as the historical source of the foundation of Sukhkothai in the 13th century. Discovered in 1887 by Lt.Gen. Lord Samosorn Pollakarn. It was eventually deciphered and dated to 1341–1367 during the time of king Maha Thammaracha I, and was expected to be made by Phra Maha Thera Sri Sattha [th] who is the descendant of Srinaw Namthum [th], founder of the Sukhothai-Si Satchanalai.
The text gives, among other things, the establishment of Sukhothai with more details from the Ram Khamhaeng Inscription; especially the contents related to the political movements of Sukhothai royalty before the Phra Ruang dynasty [th], that is, the Namthum dynasty [th], as well as displays the biography of Phra Maha Thera Sri Sattha (พระมหาเถรศรีศรัทธา) during the secular and monastic life.
The inscription was also the first historical evidence to mention Khom, groups of people practicing Hinduism or Mahayana buddhism that settled in the south of Sukhothai along the Chao Phraya River basin.

## Description and discovery

The stele is made of shale in a Bai sema-shaped sheet with a width of 67 cm, a height of 275 cm, and a thickness of 8 cm. The upper left tip of the first side is damaged. It was discovered in 1887 by Lt.Gen. Lord Samosorn Pollakarn (Thai: พลโท หลวงสโมสรพลการ; ทัด สิริสัมพันธ์) in Wat Si Chum's Mandapa tunnel in Sukhothai Old City, while on duty to search for other historical shreds of evidence after the discovery of the Ram Khamhaeng Inscription in 1833. It was sent to be placed in the Bangkok National Museum in 1908, then to the National Library of Thailand for deciphering, and back to be kept at the Bangkok National Museum.

## Deciphering

The inscription of Wat Si Chum, which contains 212 lines of writing; 107 lines on the first side, and 95 lines on another side, is one of the Sukhothai inscriptions that is difficult to decipher as the script at the beginning and end of both sides is faded. In addition, the overall inscription content has complicated details and is not in chronological order, making it difficult to conclude the continuity of the content from beginning to end. In 1891, the inscription which was still preserved at Wat Si Chum was photographed by a French archaeologist Lucien Fournereau [fr] and was later published in Le Siam Ancien (Part 2) in 1908, but the decipherment was not completed.
The inscription was deciphered into Thai and later published in the Book of Siam Inscription Conference Part 1 (ประชุมจารึกสยาม ภาค ๑) in 1934. The Fine Arts Department also held seminars to decipher the text three times: in 1977, 1979, and 1980. After that, the completed decipherment version of the text was published in late 1980.
# Tab Issa Gharbi wa Sharki

Tab Issa Gharbi wa Sharki (Arabic: تب عيسى شرقية وغربية) is a Syrian village located in Idlib Nahiyah in Idlib District, Idlib. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Tab Issa Gharbi wa Sharki had a population of 810 in the 2004 census.
# Al Hayir Sub-Municipality

Baladiyah al-Hayir (Arabic: بلدية الحائر), officially the Al-Hayir Sub-Municipality is one of the 16 baladiyahs of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia . It includes 5 neighborhoods and is responsible for their planning, maintenance and development.

## Neighborhoods and districts

* Al-Ghanamiyah
* Al-Ha’ir
* Al-Arayiz
* Umm Shaʼal
* Al-Sidrah
# Bangarang (Doomtree song)

"Bangarang" is a song by Minneapolis indie hip hop collective Doomtree. It was released as a single from their 2011 second album No Kings on May 28, 2012.
The song was written by Cecil Otter, Sims and Mike Mictlan. The recording for the album was produced by Cecil Otter and Lazerbeak. The song is frequently featured in the band's live shows.

## Music video

The music video for "Bangarang" was premiered by Vice on January 18, 2012. It features a cameo appearance by Har Mar Superstar.

## Reception

"Bangarang" was listed by KEXP-FM as the Song of the Day on January 23, 2012. The song received positive reviews by Vulture Hound, The Owl Mag , Obscure Sound, and Prefix. The song has also received positive reviews at live shows.
# Shooting Star (Temple novel)

Shooting Star (1999) is a Ned Kelly Award-winning novel by Australian author Peter Temple.

## Dedication

"For Nicholas - with thanks for all the joy."

## Plot

Frank Calder, an ex-soldier whose post-military career as a police hostage negotiator ended after he got into a physical altercation with a sadistic fellow officer, now works as a private mediator. Outwardly a hardened loner, on the inside, he nurtures demons from his military days and is plagued by constant self-doubt. When the novel opens, Frank has just taken a job with the very rich Carson family—they need Frank to negotiate with the kidnappers who abducted 15-year-old Anne Carson on her way home from school.

## Awards

* Ned Kelly Awards for Crime Writing, Best Novel, 2000: winner
# Marilyn Simmons

Marilyn Simmons (née Koput, August 25, 1948 – January 30, 2018) was an American chess player who held the title of Women's International Master (WIM). Under an earlier name, Marilyn Braun, she was joint winner, with Eva Aronson, of the U.S. Women's Chess Championship (1972).

## Career

Under her maiden name, Marilyn Koput, she won the U.S. Women's Open Chess Championship in 1968, in Aspen, Colorado.
She played in the U.S. Women's Championship four times:
* 1969 3rd place (behind Gresser and Karff)
* 1972 1st-2nd (tied with Aronson)
* 1975 7th-8th
* 1976 4th-6th (Savereide 1st)
# Claudio de la Torre (writer)

Claudio de la Torre (October 30, 1895 - January 10, 1973) was a Spanish novelist, poet, dramatist and film director. He was the brother of poet and actress Josefina de la Torre.

## Selected filmography

* To Live Happily (1932)
* When Do You Commit Suicide? (1932)
* The White Dove (1942)
* This article about a Spanish writer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Gimcheon Stadium

The Gimcheon Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Gimcheon, South Korea. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of the K League 1 team Gimcheon Sangmu FC. The stadium has a seating capacity for 25,000 spectators.
# El Malpensante

El Malpensante (Spanish: The Misthinker) is a Colombian literary magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, short stories, graphic art and poetry founded in 1996. Its founders were Andrés Hoyos Restrepo and Mario Jursich Durán. The name of the magazine was extracted from a book of aphorisms written by Gesualdo Bufalino.
Among the collaborators of the magazine it can be named authors such as Mario Vargas Llosa, Germán Espinosa, Leila Guerriero, Juan Gabriel Vázquez, Margaret Atwood, Juan Villoro, Samanta Schweblin and many others.

## History and profile

Since its foundation in 1996, El Malpensante has become one of the main cultural references of Colombia in topics such as literature, cinema, music, art, architecture, design and politics. The wide variety of paradoxical readings contained in its pages have redefined for a generation of readers what it means to "be malpensante": a brand of literary pleasure, a window to access peculiar and profound views of culture, an innovative publishing firm, a guarantee of quality and credibility.
For several years, the publishing house of the magazine carried out the "Festival Malpensante", which consisted on a series of yearly of encounters and cultural activities realized in Bogotá. However, the festival came to an end in 2011. Since 2003, the magazine collaborates with the Universidad Externado de Colombia in order to distribute to its subscribers the little volumes of the collection Un libro por centavos, destined to the divulgation of the lyrical work of several authors.
Since 2020, El Malpensante releases a special yearly issue under title "La Malpensante Moda". This series is the product of an alliance between Fundación Malpensante and Silla Verde, and it arises from the desire of exploring the meeting grounds between art and fashion. La Malpensante Moda counts on Rocio Arias Hofman as invited editor for every one of its issues. The latest deliveries of "La Malpensante Moda" have counted with the participation of Female artists and writers such as Margo Glantz, Sorayda Peguero, Vanessa Rosales and Goyo.
Since 2017, the director of the magazine is Andrés Hoyos. The current editor of El Malpensante is Santiago Erazo, while its art director is Federico Fonseca; both began their respective labours in 2021.
# Bitch Betta Have My Money (song)

"Bitch Betta Have My Money" is the debut single by American rapper AMG and the lead single from his 1991 debut studio album of the same name. It is his most successful song.

## Composition

Lyrically about sex and finding a partner, the song contains samples of "Listen to Me" by Al Wilson, "Pimpin' Ain't Easy" by Big Daddy Kane "A Bitch iz a Bitch" by N.W.A and "Bring the Noise" by Public Enemy.

## Samples

British electronica group Hardknox sampled "Bitch Betta Have My Money" on their single "Who's Money?".
American rapper Ludacris also borrowed three lines of lyrics for his song "Area Codes".

## Critical reception

Stanton Swihart of AllMusic called the song a "classic bit of disrespectful smack-talk". Steve "Flash" Juon of Rap Reviews wrote the song "was so provocative and funny it was a guaranteed hit. Was AMG pimping hoes to collect that dough? Hell no. AMG was selling himself TO hoes".
Complex and The Ringer included the song in their respective lists of the 100 and 101 best L.A. rap songs.

## Charts

| Chart (1991) | Peak position |
| US Hot Rap Songs (Billboard) | 5 |
# Mount Copaja

Mount Copaja or Capaja (Cerro Capaja) is a mountain in the western Andes, located in the province of Oruro, Bolivia (c. 18°09'S, 68°22'W). It has an altitude of 5,097 metres (16,722 ft) and is in the neighbourhood of the higher Lliscaya and Curumane peaks.
# Pseudocentema

Pseudocentema is a genus of phasmids belonging to the tribe Necrosciini fromChina.
Species:
* Pseudocentema bispinatum Chen & He, 2002
* Pseudocentema liui Ho, 2013
# Kazungula, Botswana

Kazungula is a village in the far north of Botswana, 8 km east of the town of Kasane. It lies on the south bank of the Chobe and Zambezi rivers.
Kazungula is the site of border crossings to the town in Zambia, also called Kazungula, across the Zambezi by the Kazungula Bridge (previously by the Kazungula Ferry), and to Zimbabwe at the Kazungula Road crossing.
Chobe Crocodile Farm is one of the village's most important tourist attractions.
# Creobroter meleagris

Creobroter meleagris is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.
# Manji

Manji may refer to:
* Sikh Manji, a religious administrative unit in Sikhism
* The Japanese name of the 卍 character (from Chinese wàn zì)
* Manji (era), a Japanese era name
* A type of sai (weapon), a traditional Okinawan weapon
* The alternative term for a charpai
* Manji (蠻子), an old term for Southern China

## Arts and entertainment

* Manji (raga), one of the Ragams of Carnatic music
* Manji, the original Japanese title of the 1928 novel Quicksand by Jun'ichirō Tanizaki
** Manji (film), the title of several film adaptations of the novel

## People

* Irshad Manji (born 1968), Canadian author
* Rahim .S. Manji (born 1980, Dar es salaam, Tanzania), Data Scientist, Senior Developer
* Firoze Manji (born 1950), Kenyan activist, author and CEO
* Hafeez Manji (born 1987), Kenyan cricketer
* Manji Khan (1888–1937), Hindustani Classical vocalist of the Jaipur-Atrauli Gharana
* Manji Terashima (1898–1983), Japanese photographer
* Manji Fukushima, Japanese table tennis player
* Raf Manji (born 1966), a New Zealand politician

## Popular culture

* Manji, level 3 from quest 1 of the video game The Legend of Zelda
* Manji Clan, Yoshimitsu's clan in the Tekken series of video games
* Manji Cult, appeared in the 1998 PS1 video game Tenchu: Stealth Assassins
* Manji, an organization in the Soulcalibur game series
* Manji, a character in the role-playing game MapleStory
* Manji, the main character of the manga series Blade of the Immortal by Hiroaki Samura
* Tokyo Manji Gang, the main group from the manga series Tokyo Revengers by Ken Wakui