# Commission Internationale de Karting

The Commission Internationale de Karting (CIK; English: International Karting Commission), also known as the CIK-FIA, is the primary governing body for international kart racing. Founded in 1962, it is one of seven World Championship commissions of the FIA.
Based in Geneva, the CIK-FIA holds responsibility for international kart racing rules and safety, as well as organising the Karting World Championship, amongst other competitions.

## History
### Organisation

The CIK was founded by the FIA in 1962 as a sister commission to their Commission Sportive Internationale (CSI). In 1978, the FIA created a new governing body for automobile sport called the Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile (FISA) which consumed the CSI, however the CIK remained with the FIA and became known as CIK-FIA in short. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, FISA was abolished, returning automobile sport control to the FIA and their new World Motor Sport Council, which also held authority over the CIK.
In 1998, the CIK gained some independence and it was renamed to Fédération Mondial de Karting (FMK, also known as FMK-FIA), distinct from both the FIA and the separate organisations International Kart Federation and World Karting Association. However the Federation was short lived and in 2000, reverted back to being known as the CIK, or CIK-FIA, ultimately becoming one of seven World Championship commissions within the FIA.

### International karting in the 20th century (1962–1999)

Throughout the 20th century, kart racing became the proving ground for many drivers on the pathway to professional auto racing; in particular, formula racing. In 1985, Alain Prost—the 1973 junior direct-drive Karting World Champion—became the first CIK World Champion to progress to win the Formula One World Drivers' Championship.

### The modern era (2000–present)

The CIK-FIA attempted to re-brand global karting in 2007. The primary direct-drive class became KF1 and the primary gearbox class became KZ1. The secondary divisions KF2 and KZ2 each replaced ICA and ICC; both classes had been contested since the early 1980s. KF3 replaced ICA-J as the junior direct-drive class.
In 2013, Max Verstappen became the first driver to win three CIK championships in a single season, winning both the KF and KZ European Championships, as well as the KZ World Championship. Verstappen also became the first driver to win CIK championships in both the primary direct-drive and gearbox classes in a single season, and the first driver to win multiple European Championships in a single season since his father Jos in 1989.
In 2016, Original Kart (OK) regulations replaced KF in the direct-drive category, after its perceived failure within the kart racing community and restrictive regulations resulted in reduced entries at international competitions. OK-Junior (OK-J) also replaced KF-J as the junior class.

## Organisation
### Presidents

The commission's first official president was Jean-Marie Balestre, who would later become president of the FIA. He held the karting presidency for two years, being replaced by Belgian Pierre Ugeux in 1964. Ugeux's tenure lasted until 1971, when he was replaced by Charles Defrancesco of Switzerland.
Ernest Buser was the CIK president from 1978 until 1999, overseeing the CIK's expansion to five continents. World Championships were hosted in abundance outside of Europe, including in: South Africa in 1984 for FE, the United States in 1986 for FK, Argentina in 1994 for FA and FK, and the United States again in 1998 for FC, amongst several World Cups elsewhere. Buser also oversaw the systematic televised coverage of international kart racing via Eurosport.
Yvon Léon was appointed president in 2000 and stayed in office until 2004. During his term karting's rules, regulations and championships all changed and he received heavy criticism from manufacturers, drivers and fans. Upon Léon's resignation, Vincent Caro was appointed interim president.
Luigi Macaluso held the office from October 2005 to October 2009, prior to the reign of Nicolas Deschaux until October 2010. Macaluso oversaw the re-branding of global karting to KF and KZ regulations. Shaikh Abdulla bin Isa Al Khalifa, from the ruling family of Bahrain, would then hold the office until December 2017.
Felipe Massa took office in December 2017, becoming the first Formula One driver to hold the office. Indian former racing driver Akbar Ebrahim succeeded Massa in February 2022, with Massa becoming the FIA Drivers’ Commission President.
CIK-FIA Presidents :
| Commission Internationale de Karting (CIK) |||
| Term | President | Nationality |
| 1962–1964 | Jean-Marie Balestre | France |
| 1964–1971 | Pierre Ugeux | Belgium |
| 1971–1978 | Charles Defrancesco | Switzerland |
| 1978–1999 | Ernest Buser | Switzerland |
| 2000–2004 | Yvon Léon | France |
| 2004–2005 | Vincent Caro (interim) | Belgium |
| 2005–2009 | Luigi Macaluso | Italy |
| 2009–2010 | Nicolas Deschaux | France |
| 2011–2017 | Abdulla bin Isa Al Khalifa | Bahrain |
| 2017–2022 | Felipe Massa | Brazil |
| 2022–present | Akbar Ebrahim | India |

## Categories

The CIK-FIA currently sanction kart racing in eight categories: five direct-drive and three gearbox.

### Direct-drive categories
#### Current direct-drive categories (2016–present)

There are currently five direct-drive categories contested in CIK-FIA competition. OK is the primary direct-drive category.
* Original Kart (OK) – the primary direct-drive class
* OK-Junior (OK-J) – the junior direct-drive class
* OK-N
* OKN-Junior
* Mini

#### Former direct-drive categories (1962–2015)

* Formula A (FA)

### Gearbox categories
#### Current gearbox categories (2007–present)

There are currently three gearbox categories contested in CIK-FIA competition. KZ is the primary gearbox category, with KZ2 as the secondary.
* KZ – the primary gearbox class
* KZ2 – the secondary gearbox class
* KZ2-Masters – the senior gearbox class

#### Former gearbox categories (1974–2006)

* Super-ICC

## Competitions

The major karting competitions currently sanctioned by the CIK-FIA includes the Karting World Championship and the Karting European Championship. The CIK-FIA currently host the Karting Academy Trophy and the Asia Pacific Karting Championship.