OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# São Luiz Gonzaga

São Luiz Gonzaga (Portuguese for St. Aloysius Gonzaga) is a municipality of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Its population is 33,293 (2020 est.) in an area of 1295,68 km$^2$. It was founded in the 17th century as a Jesuit mission town. It is located 503 km west of the state capital of Porto Alegre, northeast of Alegrete.

## Geography
### Climate

São Luiz Gonzaga has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa) with hot summers, mild winters, and ample rainfall throughout the year.
Climate data for São Luiz Gonzaga (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.7 (90.9) | 31.9 (89.4) | 30.5 (86.9) | 27.6 (81.7) | 23.1 (73.6) | 21.1 (70.0) | 20.7 (69.3) | 23.3 (73.9) | 24.6 (76.3) | 27.4 (81.3) | 30.1 (86.2) | 32.1 (89.8) | 27.1 (80.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.0 (78.8) | 25.2 (77.4) | 23.8 (74.8) | 21.1 (70.0) | 17.3 (63.1) | 15.6 (60.1) | 14.9 (58.8) | 16.9 (62.4) | 18.2 (64.8) | 21.0 (69.8) | 23.3 (73.9) | 25.4 (77.7) | 20.7 (69.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.6 (69.1) | 20.1 (68.2) | 18.8 (65.8) | 16.4 (61.5) | 13.3 (55.9) | 11.8 (53.2) | 10.8 (51.4) | 12.2 (54.0) | 13.3 (55.9) | 15.9 (60.6) | 17.4 (63.3) | 19.7 (67.5) | 15.9 (60.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 170.6 (6.72) | 158.4 (6.24) | 156.4 (6.16) | 194.3 (7.65) | 168.6 (6.64) | 132.7 (5.22) | 124.1 (4.89) | 104.6 (4.12) | 146.6 (5.77) | 264.4 (10.41) | 169.7 (6.68) | 199.0 (7.83) | 1,989.4 (78.32) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8.5 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 6.9 | 8.1 | 11.0 | 7.6 | 8.6 | 98.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 68.0 | 71.2 | 72.5 | 73.3 | 76.7 | 77.9 | 75.1 | 70.2 | 70.6 | 71.0 | 64.1 | 64.6 | 71.3 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 20.3 (68.5) | 20.4 (68.7) | 19.3 (66.7) | 16.8 (62.2) | 13.8 (56.8) | 12.3 (54.1) | 10.9 (51.6) | 11.8 (53.2) | 13.3 (55.9) | 16.1 (61.0) | 16.8 (62.2) | 18.9 (66.0) | 15.9 (60.6) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 220.9 | 196.4 | 214.9 | 185.2 | 161.3 | 126.0 | 153.0 | 172.1 | 161.0 | 176.2 | 212.7 | 216.9 | 2,196.6 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||

## Bounding municipalities

* Roque Gonzales
* Rolador
* Caibaté
* São Miguel das Missões
* Bossoroca
* Santo Antônio das Missões
* São Nicolau
* Dezesseis de Novembro
# Saint-Illiers-le-Bois

Saint-Illiers-le-Bois (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
# Saint-Illiers-la-Ville

Saint-Illiers-la-Ville (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France.
# Flight 38

Flight 38 may refer to:
* Braniff Flight 38, hijacked in 1972
* British Airways Flight 38, crash-landed in 2008
# Bom Progresso

Bom Progresso is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. As of 2020, the estimated population was 1,899.
# Union nationale des syndicats agricoles

The Union nationale des syndicats agricoles (UNSA) was collection of French farming unions that was active in the 1930s. It had originally been called the Union centrale des syndicats agricoles (UCSA) but in 1934 changed its name to the Union nationale at the same time as Jacques Le Roy Ladurie, a landowner who had led the dynamic Calvados syndicat became secretary-general.
The founders were Jacques Le Roy Ladurie, count Hervé Budes de Guébriant, Louis Salleron, Roger Grand (President until 1938), Joseph Boulangé (President from 1938) and Rémy Goussault.
In 1934 the UNSA joined with other groups to form Front paysan, of which Le Roy Ladurie was the General Secretary, of which the quasi-fascist Greenshirts of Henry Dorgères were also members.
The UNSA drew away from the Front paysan because the Greenshirts wanted a welfare regime fully subsidized by the state, while the UNSA saw an opportunity to provide peasant welfare using a tax on the purchase of agricultural products. The alliance went into hibernation in 1936 due to differences in strategy.
Dorgères was not invited to the Peasant Congress at Caen on 5–7 May 1937 where Le Roy Ladurie, influenced by Rémy Goussault and Louis Salleron, invited the leading conservative agrarians to declare their support for corporatism. The weekly Syndicats paysans, co-edited by Salleron and Le Roy Ladurie, first appeared on 1 July 1937.
By 1938 the UNSA was the largest national peasant organization, with many of its members young and technically skilled. They were opposed to the Popular Front government which they believed aimed at the eventual collectivisation of farms and in June 1938 Le Roy Ladurie and his ally Alain de Chantérac were arrested for leading a peasant rally in Castres. However, the UNSA was mainly devoted to strengthening local corporatist agricultural groups, aiming to progressively supplant the state in managing the agricultural economy while avoiding direct confrontation.
During the Vichy Government the UNSA became subsumed by the short lived Peasant Corporation which transformed after the war into the Fédération nationale des syndicats d'exploitants agricoles (FNSEA).
# 152

Year 152 (CLII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Glabrio and Homullus (or, less frequently, year 905 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 152 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Asia

* The Chinese domination of the Tarim Basin weakens.

## Births

* Bao Xin, Chinese general and warlord (d. 192)

## Deaths

* January 14 – Markianos, patriarch of Alexandria
* Yan Ming, Chinese empress of the Han Dynasty
# 189

Year 189 (CLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Silanus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 942 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 189 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Empire

* Plague (possibly smallpox) kills as many as 2,000 people per day in Rome. Farmers are unable to harvest their crops, and food shortages bring riots in the city.

#### China

* Liu Bian succeeds Emperor Ling, as Chinese emperor of the Han dynasty.
* Dong Zhuo has Liu Bian deposed, and installs Emperor Xian as emperor.
* Two thousand eunuchs in the palace are slaughtered in a violent purge in Luoyang, the capital of Han.

### By topic
#### Arts and sciences

* Galen publishes his "Treatise on the various temperaments" (aka On the Elements According to Hippocrates).

#### Religion

* Pope Victor I succeeds Pope Eleuterus as the fourteenth pope, the first from Africa.
* Demetrius of Alexandria becomes Patriarch of Alexandria.
* Pantaenus, who was sent by the bishop of Alexandria to India to preach Christianity, meets with little success.

## Births

* March 7 – Publius Septimius Geta, Roman emperor (d. 211)
* Ling Tong, Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 217)
* Zhang Chunhua, Chinese noblewoman and aristocrat (d. 247)

## Deaths

* May 13 – Ling of Han (or Liu Hong), Chinese emperor (b. 156)
* May 24 – Eleutherius, bishop of Rome (or Catholic Church)
* September 22 – He Jin, Chinese Grand Marshal and regent
* Ding Yuan (or Jian Yang), Chinese official and warlord
* Jian Shuo, Chinese eunuch leader (Ten Attendants)
* Lingsi (or He), Chinese empress of the Han dynasty
* Xiaoren, Chinese empress dowager of the Han dynasty
# 180

Year 180 (CLXXX) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rusticus and Condianus (or, less frequently, year 933 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 180 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Empire

* The Quadi are chased westwards, deeper into Germania. The Praetorian prefect, Tarutenius Paternus, achieves a decisive victory against the Germanic tribes.
* March 17 – Emperor Marcus Aurelius dies after a week's illness at his camp in Vindobona (modern Vienna). He is succeeded by his son Commodus (age 18).
* The Era of the Five Good Emperors ends.
* Rome creates a 4-mile wide buffer zone by the Danube.
* Work begins in Rome on the building of the Column of Marcus Aurelius.
* 180–395 – Late Empire in Rome.
* Northern British from beyond Hadrian's Wall invade the North of modern-day England, causing Emperor Commodus to allow swathes of Northern cities to establish city walls.
* Cassius Dio arrives in Rome and becomes a Senator

#### Europe

* The Goths reach the banks of the Black Sea.

#### Oceania

* Lake Taupō in New Zealand erupts, forming ash clouds as far as China and Europe.

### By topic
#### Arts and sciences

* In his Methodus Medendo, Greek physician Galen describes the connection between paralysis and the severing of the spinal cord.
* Galen's popular work on hygiene is published.

#### Religion

* July 17 – Twelve Christian inhabitants of Scillium in Numidia are executed in Carthage (also in North Africa) (known as the Scillitan Martyrs) – they had refused to swear an oath to the Emperor.
* Commodus creates an official cult of the Zoroastrian god Mithra.

## Births

* Ardashir I, founder of the Sasanian Empire (d. 242)
* Johanan bar Nappaha, Jewish rabbi (d. 279)
* Julia Soaemias, mother of Elagabalus (d. 222)
* Sima Fu, Chinese prince and statesman (d. 272)

## Deaths

* March 17 – Marcus Aurelius, Roman emperor (b. 121)
* Aulus Gellius, Roman author and grammarian (b. 125 AD)
* Gaius, Roman jurist and writer (approximate date)
* Hegesippus, Christian chronicler and writer (b. 110)
* Lucian of Samosata, Syrian rhetorician (b. 125 AD)
* Melito of Sardis, bishop of Sardis (approximate date)
* Pinytus, bishop of Knossos (approximate date)
# Nice Collective

Nice Collective is a San Francisco based designer clothing brand founded in 1997, by dance musicians Joe Haller and Ian Hannula. According to the designers, their first creations were combinations of streetwear they designed for themselves. Though the brand focuses on menswear, Haller and Hannula said they also create collections for women.

## Background

Joe Haller was raised in New York, and into his 20s worked as a radiology tech. During his off hours, he produced dance music and organized parties in clubs around New York City. A professional bike racer, Ian Hannula was raised in Atlanta, Georgia and studied combat photography in the Marine Corps. He created dance music events in Atlanta and was a resident DJ in two top clubs. Joe and Ian met on the dance floor in San Francisco in 1995. Their connection was instant, fueled by their common interests in art, music, and fashion. They initially started Nice Collective as loose amalgamation of talent that would launch parties and club nights, a record label, a DJ agency, and a clothing line. Though neither had any fashion training, Haller and Hannula began by producing experimental pieces such as deconstructed than reconstructed camouflage shirts, pullover sweaters made from electric blankets, and shirts that transformed into kites.

## Public profile

In February 2010, Haller and Hannula collaborated with environmentalist David de Rothschild on the launch of Plastiki, a boat made from discarded plastic water bottles that set sail from San Francisco to Australia.
Nice Collective was featured in GQ Magazine's roundup of 'The Best New Designers in America' in 2007. The line has outfitted tours for Coldplay, Nine Inch Nails, Smashing Pumpkins and The Police.
After a multi-year absence, Nice Collective returned to New York Fashion Week in February 2009 with the “Time Machine” collections. New York fashion writer Josh Peskowitz of men.style.com described the clothes as having “something post-apocalyptic–not to mention post-erotic.”

## Collection history

* Fall 2010 - "Voices"
* Spring 2010 - "The Gathering"
* Fall 2009 - "Time Machine"
* Spring 2009 - "Voix de Ville"
* Fall 2008 - "New Romantics"
# Bow-wow theory

A bow-wow theory (or cuckoo theory) is any of the theories by various scholars, including Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Johann Gottfried Herder, on the speculative origins of human language.
According to bow-wow theories, the first human languages developed from onomatopoeia, that is, imitations of natural sounds. The term "bow-wow theory" was introduced in English-language literature by the German philologist Max Müller, who was critical of this idea. Despite its simplicity, this theory highlights the human tendency to mimic natural sounds.
Bow-wow theories have been widely discredited as an explanation for the origin of language. However, some contemporary theories suggest that general imitative abilities may have played an important role in the evolution of language.
In the humorous typology of what he considered to be fanciful theories on the origin of languages, Max Müller contrasted bow-wow theory with pooh-pooh theory, which holds that the original language consisted of interjections; and with ding-dong theory, which posits that humans were originally a kind of improved bell capable of making all sounds.
However, Müller was at one time attracted to the ho-hiss theory, which held that grunts were also the origin of singing.
# Nikon AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G

The 55-200mm AF-S lens is a medium telephoto zoom lens manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. It comes in three variants:
* AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 55-200mm f/4–5.6G ED, released in 2005
* AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 55-200mm f/4–5.6G VR IF-ED, released in 2007, adds internal focusing (IF) and, most notably, vibration reduction (VR).
* AF-S DX NIKKOR 55-200mm f/4–5.6G ED VR II, released 2015 introduced VR II.
Like all lenses in the DX format, the 55-200mm casts a smaller image circle than lenses for full-frame 35mm cameras and is therefore only compatible with cameras having APS-C-sized sensors (or vignetting will result).
Nikon introduced the 55-200mm in 2005 and refreshed it in 2007. As an inexpensive, compact, and lightweight telephoto, it complements the D40 and D60 entry level digital SLR cameras Nikon brings to market. Photozone noted the newer VR model has a better build quality than the earlier non-VR model.
Some reviewers praised its value and optical performance, but criticized its handling, noting a stiff zoom ring, diminutive focus ring, and difficulty switching to manual focus. Because the lens has a completely plastic body, including the mount, as is usual for lenses in this market segment, it is much lighter, but also less sturdy, than more expensive lenses of comparable size and capability which belong to a higher priced, and more professionally oriented, market segment.

## Specifications

| Attribute | AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 55-200mm f/4–5.6G ED | AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 55-200mm f/4–5.6G VR IF-ED | AF-S DX NIKKOR 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED VR II |
| AF | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Image Stabilization | No | Yes | Yes |
| Maximum aperture | f/4–5.6 | f/4–5.6 | f/4–5.6 |
| Minimum aperture | f/22–32 | f/22–32 | f/22–32 |
| Weight | 255g | 335g | 300g |
| Maximum diameter | 68mm | 73mm | 73mm |
| Length | 79mm | 99.5mm | 83mm |
| Filter diameter | 52mm | 52mm | 52mm |
| Picture angle | 28°50' - 8° | 28°50' - 8° | 28°50' - 8° |
| Groups/elements | 9/13 | 11/15 | 9/13 |
| # of diaphragm blades | 9 (rounded) | 7 (rounded) | 7 (rounded) |
| Closest focusing distance | 0.95m | 1.1m | 1.1m |
| Release date | 2005 | 2007 | 2015 |
| MSRP $ | $170 | $250 | $350 |
# Makaza

Makaza (Bulgarian: Маказа, Greek: Μακάζα), previously also known as Balkan Toresi, is a mountain pass in the Eastern Rhodope Mountains, connecting southernmost central Bulgaria with north-easternmost Greece and thus the regions of Northern and Western Thrace. The Makaza pass forms part of Pan-European Corridor IX, connecting Helsinki in Finland with the Greek port of Alexandroupolis on the Aegean Sea. The international border between Bulgaria and Greece lies at the highest point of the pass, at 682 metres (2,238 ft) above sea level.
The Makaza pass runs from the Bulgarian village of Strizhba in Kirkovo municipality, Kardzhali Province, to the Greek town of Komotini, the capital of the East Macedonia and Thrace region. Thus, it provides quick access from central Bulgaria to the Aegean Sea, some 30 kilometres (19 mi) from Komotini, and to the A2 motorway (Egnatia Odos). The distance from Kardzhali to Komotini via Makaza is around 70 kilometres (43 mi) and takes approximately one hour and 15 minutes by car. The pass goes through a metamorphic rock saddle which separates the Maglenik and Gyumyurdzhinski Snezhnik ridges of the Eastern Rhodopes.
On 20 November [O.S. 7 November] 1912, the Makaza pass was the site of a major battle of the First Balkan War, the Battle of Balkan Toresi, a Bulgarian victory over the Ottomans which solidified Bulgarian control over the Eastern Rhodopes and led to the Bulgarian invasion of Western Thrace. The pass had been closed since the end of World War II, when Bulgaria and Greece ended up on different sides of the Iron Curtain. Efforts to reopen the pass recommenced in 1995 and the construction of new roads started around a decade later.
The new roads over the pass and the Makaza–Nymfaia border checkpoint were opened for traffic on 9 September 2013. The Makaza checkpoint is only open for cars and light trucks (up to 3.5 tonnes) until the road connecting the checkpoint to the A2 motorway is completed. Border control is carried out once per crossing (jointly by the Bulgarian and Greek side), shortening control times down to an estimated 2–3 minutes. The new border checkpoint is expected to boost economic ties and tourism between the neighbouring regions of the two countries.
Makaza–Nymfaia is the sixth functioning border checkpoint between Bulgaria and Greece, along with Kulata–Promachonas, Ilinden–Exochi, Zlatograd–Thermes, Ivaylovgrad–Kyprinos, and Svilengrad–Ormenio.
# Miseration

Miseration is a Swedish death metal band formed in 2006. Their lyrics primarily deal with themes of inner struggles and religious conflict. The band is one out of a collection of collaborations with both former Crimson Moonlight guitarist Jani Stefanovic and former Scar Symmetry vocalist Christian Älvestam; for example, both also played with Solution .45.

## History

Miserations' first album, Your Demons – Their Angels, was released 20 September 2008.
The band recorded their second album, titled The Mirroring Shadow, at Panic-Room studios with producer Tomas "Plec" Johansson. It was released through Lifeforce Records on 16 November 2009.
   "Musically it's definitely a step up, intensity- and aggression-wise; also being more technical than its predecessor. Even so, there are still a lot of melodic landscapes there to explore. Put together, this progression both came and felt very natural to us, once the new material started to take shape."
The band's third album, Tragedy Has Spoken, was released in 2012. Their first album in ten years, Black Miracles and Dark Wonders, was released on 22 April 2022.

## Lyrical themes

Brian Sweeney of Metal Review wrote "There has been some debate over whether Miseration is a Christian band. "Most of the music and lyrics were written by guitarist Jani Stefanovic (Divinefire, Essence of Sorrow) for a band called Renascent, which he co-founded, then quit early on, taking his songs with him to Miseration. Stefanovic is a big-time Christian, along with everybody else in the band except vocalist Alvestam. So, in deference to the singer’s absence of faith, songwriter Stefanovic toned down what might have otherwise been mega-Christian lyrics to thinly veiled Christian lyrics. But they’re technically in the realm of religio-neutrality. Technically."

## Members
### Current

* Christian Älvestam (2006–present) – lead vocals
* Jani Stefanovic (2006–2010, 2011–present) – lead guitar, bass, drums, rhythm guitar

### Former

* Tobias Alpadie (2010–2011) – lead guitar
* Johan Ylenstrand (2006–2011) – bass guitar
* Rolf "Stuka" Pilve (2006–2011) – drums
* Marcus "Skägget" Bertilsson (2006–2019) – rhythm guitar
* Oskar Nilsson (2011–2019) – drums
* Christian Lundgren (2012–2019) – bass guitar

### Timeline
## Discography

* Your Demons – Their Angels (2007)
* The Mirroring Shadow (2009)
* Tragedy Has Spoken (2012)
* Black Miracles and Dark Wonders (2022)
# Luxgen U5

The Luxgen U5 is a 5-seater subcompact crossover SUV produced by the Taiwanese car company Luxgen.

## Overview

The U5 crossover is based on the Luxgen S3 subcompact sedan and is positioned under the Luxgen U6 compact crossover. It is powered by the DFMA16 1.6 L (1,600 cc) petrol engine supplied by Dongfeng Motor Corporation with 120 hp (89 kW) and 15.3 kg⋅m (150 N⋅m; 111 lbf⋅ft).
The Luxgen U5 went on sale in Taiwan in September, 2017. There are five trims in Taiwan, which are Big Screen, APA, AR, Hi-Fi, and Vogue+. The base trim has 17-inch alloy wheels, cruise control, climate control, 12-inch display, ESC, TCS, HSA and dual airbags. APA comes in 6 airbags and front radar. AR adds power fold side mirrors, and AR Around View+. Hi-Fi adds front fog lamp and base speaker. Vogue+ comes in two-tone exterior and sunroof.
* Luxgen U5 rear view
* The interior of a Luxgen U5

## Discontinuation

In 2020, Luxgen confirmed that both S3 and U5 would cease production and would be relaunched as electric model.
# Israeli Andalusian Orchestra

The Israeli Andalusian Orchestra (Hebrew: התזמורת האנדלוסית הישראלית) is a musical ensemble based in Ashdod, Israel.

## History

Originating as a project to honor the heritage of immigrants from the Maghreb, the Israeli Andalusian Orchestra was formed in Ashdod in December 1987, as a joint initiative of the liturgical singer and classical conductor Moti Malka and then-mayor Arieh Azulay, both of Moroccan origin. The Orchestra is financed by the Ashdod municipality and the Culture Ministry and has toured Israel, the United States, and several European countries.
The orchestra comprises around 30 musicians and singers, mainly of Tunisian, Moroccan and Russian origin. It features traditional Sephardic Jewish-Arab and Andalusian music and poetry, combining classical Arab-Andalusian and European instruments. The orchestra's artistic director and head conductor is Sivan Albo-Ben Hur.

## Awards and recognition

In 2006, the orchestra was awarded the Israel Prize, for its lifetime achievement and special contribution to society and the State.
# 2003 in Croatian television

This is a list of Croatian television related events from 2003.