OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# DDoS mitigation

DDoS mitigation is a set of network management techniques and/or tools for resisting or mitigating the impact of distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks on networks attached to the Internet by protecting the target and relay networks. DDoS attacks are a constant threat to businesses and organizations, delaying service performance or shutting down websites entirely.
DDoS mitigation works by identifying baseline conditions for network traffic by analyzing "traffic patterns" to allow threat detection and alerting. DDoS mitigation also requires identifying incoming traffic to separate human traffic from human-like bots and hijacked web browsers. This process involves comparing signatures and examining different attributes of the traffic, including IP addresses, cookie variations, HTTP headers, and browser fingerprints.
After the attack is detected, the next process is filtering. Filtering can be done through anti-DDoS technology like connection tracking, IP reputation lists, deep packet inspection, blacklisting/whitelisting, or rate limiting.
One technique is to pass network traffic addressed to a potential target network through high-capacity networks, with "traffic scrubbing" filters.
Manual DDoS mitigation is no longer recommended due to the size of attacks often outstripping the human resources available in many firms/organizations. Other methods to prevent DDoS attacks can be implemented, such as on-premises and/or cloud-based solution providers. On-premises mitigation technology (most commonly a hardware device) is often placed in front of the network. This would limit the maximum bandwidth available to what is provided by the Internet service provider. Common methods involve hybrid solutions, by combining on-premises filtering with cloud-based solutions.

## Methods of attack

DDoS attacks are executed against websites and networks of selected victims. A number of vendors offer "DDoS-resistant" hosting services, mostly based on techniques similar to content delivery networks. Distribution avoids a single point of congestion and prevents the DDoS attack from concentrating on a single target.
One technique of DDoS attacks is to use misconfigured third-party networks, allowing the amplification of spoofed UDP packets. Proper configuration of network equipment, enabling ingress filtering and egress filtering, as documented in BCP 38 and RFC 6959, prevents amplification and spoofing, thus reducing the number of relay networks available to attackers.

## Methods of mitigation

* Use of Client Puzzle Protocol, or guided tour puzzle protocol
* Use of content delivery networks
* Blacklisting of IP addresses
* Use of intrusion detection systems and firewalls
# Oxygen Music Works

Oxygen Music Works, or OMW, was an Anglo-American independent record label. Founded in 1991 by Andy Shih, its initial, occasional releases (all vinyl) focused on the sounds of the then-thriving New York underground house music scene. By the time of its last release in 2001, the label's roster had expanded to include hip hop and electronic dance music. Its releases were widely licensed, including video games, film, and TV. OMW releases were distributed world-wide via a network of independents, and in the US by K-Tel Records. The label's best known artists include Small Fish with Spine (aka Neotropic), Kurtis Mantronik, Elements of Life, Mateo & Matos, Ultramagnetic MCs, Binger the Voyager, and Daniel Wang. A digital selection of OMW releases are available from emusic.
The label's motto was "a song for everything and everything for a song".
# Marie-France Loval

Marie-France Loval (born 12 August 1964 in Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe) is a French track and field athlete, who specialises in the 100 meters. Loval competed in the women's 100 meters and the 4 × 100 m relay at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Jason Rejfek

Jason Rejfek (born c. 1990) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for McKendree University, a position he has held since 2024. He also coached for Point and Lindenwood–Belleville. He played college football for McKendree as a linebacker where he earned all Mid-States Football Association (MSFA) honors in his junior year.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| McKendree Bearcats (Great Lakes Valley Conference) (2024–present) ||||||
| 2024 | McKendree | 5–6 | 4–4 | 5th |
| McKendree: | McKendree: | 5–6 | 4–4 | |
| Total: | Total: | 5–6 | | |
# Vivien Kirk

Vivien Kirk is a New Zealand mathematician who studies dynamical systems. She is a professor of mathematics at the University of Auckland, where she also serves as associate dean, and was president of the New Zealand Mathematical Society for 2017–2019.

## Education and career

After earning bachelor's and master's degrees at the University of Auckland, Kirk went to the University of Cambridge for doctoral studies. She completed her Ph.D. in 1990; her dissertation, Destruction of tori in dissipative flows, was supervised by Nigel Weiss.
She was a postdoctoral researcher at the University of California, Berkeley and at the California Institute of Technology. Kirk's notable students include Alona Ben-Tal.

## Books

Kirk is the co-author of the books Mathematical Analysis of Complex Cellular Activity (Springer, 2015) and Models of Calcium Signalling (Springer, 2016).

## Recognition

In 2017, Kirk won the Miriam Dell Excellence in Science Mentoring Award of New Zealand's Association for Women in the Sciences, in part for her efforts in founding and running a series of annual workshops for young women in mathematics and physics since 2007.
# Mahura rubella

Mahura rubella is a species of Agelenidae that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described in 1973 by Ray Forster and Cecil Wilton from a female specimen. The holotype is stored in Otago Museum.

## Description

The female is recorded at 2.90mm in length. The carapace is coloured pale cream with some dark shading. The legs are pale and have dark markings. The abdomen is brownish grey with a reddish band dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from Stewart Island, New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Data Deficient" with the qualifiers of "Data Poor: Size" and "Data Poor: Trend".
# Paul Freiherr von Hauser

Paul Freiherr von Hauser (24 April 1911 – 1 April 1999) was an officer in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the Panzer Lehr Division. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany. Oberst (colonel) Hauser surrendered the division to the American forces in the Ruhr Pocket on April 15, 1945.

## Awards and decorations

* Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (3 November 1939) & 1st Class (1 August 1940)
* Honour Roll Clasp of the Army (5 October 1942)
* German Cross in Gold on 20 September 1942 as Hauptmann in Kradschützen-Battalion 61
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
** Knight's Cross on 25 January 1943 as Hauptmann and commander of Kradschützen-Battalion 61
** 635th Oak Leaves on 28 October 1944 as Oberstleutnant and commander of Panzergrenadier-Lehr-Regiment 901
# Racetrack Records

Racetrack Records was an American record label, music studio, and production company founded by Vin Diesel.
# Preston King (mayor)

Dr Preston King (1862-1943) was the Mayor of Bath in 1913 and 1917–18.
Dr King was born in Great Barton in Suffolk on 14 September 1862, and educated at Bury St Edmunds Grammar School. He gained entrance to Cavendish Hall, Cambridge in 1881 and after clinical training at St Thomas' Hospital London, and a brief spell as a ship's surgeon, he was appointed as the resident medical house officer at the Royal Mineral Water Hospital in Bath and assistant physician at the Royal United Hospital (RUH). He married Margaretta Bond in 1898 and served as a councillor for Bath City Council, before being appointed as Mayor in 1913.
# Sohrab Cycles

Sohrab (Urdu: سُہراب) was a Pakistani bicycle manufacturer based in Lahore.

## History

Sohrab began in 1952 with a core of traders in Lahore, following a foreign exchange crisis which severely restricted imports in Pakistan. The traders saw an opportunity to domestically produce and sell bicycles, and consequently founded Sohrab on 8 September 1953 under Section 9 of the Co-operative Societies Act II of 1912. It initially had 22 members and produced 5 bicycles a day.

## Structure

Sohrab was setup keeping its workers in mind. All controlling powers of the company laid with the general body, who were elected into power every 3 years. Since its inception, elections were held on a regular basis. Sohrab provided subsidized workers canteen and company hospital. It also paid for five of its workers to attend the Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca each year.

## Products

Sohrab initially manufactured a single-speed roadster bicycle. This had a lugged steel frame and rod-brakes. More modern MTB and BMX style bicycles were added to the range in the 1990s. Sohrab also diversified into producing cargo-tricycles, gymnasium equipment, push-chairs and wheelchairs. In 1994, Sohrab entered the motorcycle market with the JS70. A larger version of this was later used as the basis for an auto-rickshaw.
Sohrab's primary market was in mainly remote and rural population areas of Pakistan. It also exported cycles to Afghanistan and Bangladesh and wheelchairs to Madagascar through a French rotary club.
# Aye Maung Han

Aye Maung Han (Burmese: အေးမောင်ဟန်) is a Burmese paediatrician and professor, currently working as a senior consultant physician for two private hospitals in Yangon (Pun Hlaing and Shwegondaing Hospitals). He previously served as the rector (dean) of the University of Medicine-1, Yangon from 2007 to 2009. He has published over 25 scientific papers in medical journals. He graduated from the Institute of Medicine, Rangoon with a medical degree in 1973.
# Elmar Rähn

Elmar Rähn (3 December 1904, Tartu – 3 January 1966, Melbourne) was an Estonian athlete. He competed in the men's decathlon at the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1944, during World War II, Rähn fled to Germany and then emigrated to Australia in 1947 where he worked as a sports instructor.
Despite his healthy occupation, he died in 1966 aged only 61, of an intracerebral haemorrhage.
# The Endless Summer (G-Eazy mixtape)

The Endless Summer is a mixtape by American rapper G-Eazy. The mixtape was released on August 12, 2011. The release of The Endless Summer saw G-Eazy achieve his first notable success, with the mixtape being nominated for Best Rap/Hip-Hop Album or Mixtape 2011.

## Release

Concerning distribution, the mixtape was released free via a number of sites. G-Eazy explained his decision in doing this in an interview with Earmilk in August 2011, "I just give it all away for free. I find it reaches more people that way. I understand that this new business model scares some people, including the major labels, but that's because they haven't quite figured out how to adapt yet."

## Critical reception

The Endless Summer was well received by critics and the public. On djbooth.net The Endless Summer has an average score of 4.7 out of 5 and several other good reviews on websites such as barryfest.com.
# Eugendorf

Eugendorf is a market town of 6,439 inhabitants in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria.

## History

The town was first documented in the year 736.

## Geography

Eugendorf is located about 10 kilometres to the northeast of Salzburg between the city and the Wallersee lake. The municipality borders with Seekirchen am Wallersee, Henndorf am Wallersee, Hallwang, Thalgau, Koppl and Thalgau. It is divided into 10 Ortschaften: the town of Eugendorf and 9 villages:
| Village | Population (2015) |
| Eugendorf | 2,144 |
| Eugenbach | 952 |
| Kalham | 458 |
| Kirchberg | 201 |
| Knutzing | 156 |
| Neuhofen | 303 |
| Pebering | 454 |
| Reitberg | 1,186 |
| Schaming | 334 |
| Schwaighofen | 635 |

## Transport

Eugendorf has a station on the international Westbahn Railway, that is also served by the Salzburg S-Bahn. It is also served by the A1 motorway at the exit "Wallersee-Eugendorf".
# La Binerie Mont-Royal

La Binerie Mont-Royal is a lunch counter-style restaurant in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, specializing in traditional Quebec cuisine, including its signature baked beans.
Founded in 1938 by Léonide Lussier, the restaurant was the setting of Yves Beauchemin's novel and film The Alley Cat (Le Matou), which was filmed on location. The business was purchased by new owners Jocelyne and Philippe Brunet in 2005, but largely remains unchanged. In addition to its trademark beans, the restaurant serves such traditional fare as tourtières, Pâté chinois, pouding chômeur, pea soup and spruce beer.
The restaurant was located at 367 east, Avenue du Mont-Royal, in the city's Plateau Mont-Royal borough until August 31, 2019. It later reopened in 2019 on Saint-Denis street near Rachel street.
# Bibiniso Boltaboyeva

Bibiniso Shamuratovna Boltaboyeva (17 March 1913 – 24 May 2004) was one of the first women parachutists of Uzbekistan; she made her parachute jump ten days after Basharat Mirbabayeva. A textile worker by trade, she was later elected to her local city council.
She met her husband Abdusamat Taymetov at the aeroclub where she learned to parachute. She is buried next to him in the Chigatai cemetery.
# Richard Norden (soldier)

Richard Leslie Norden, VC (24 August 1948 – 30 October 1972) was a soldier in the Australian Army during the Vietnam War who was awarded the Victoria Cross for Australia.
After the war, Norden joined the Australian Capital Territory Police Force in February 1970. He died on active duty in a motorcycle collision in 1972 and was buried at Woden Cemetery.

## Victoria Cross for Australia

Norden was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal on 10 December 1968, for his actions during the Battle of Coral–Balmoral in Bình Dương province, South Vietnam.
His platoon was ambushed by between eight and ten North Vietnamese soldiers, severely wounding the section commander and forward scout. Norden rushed forward under enemy fire, after expending his ammunition and killing one North Vietnamese soldier. Recovering the downed soldier's weapon he fired at the enemy, recovering the section commander, he then returned killing one soldier who had been using the forward scout as a shield. Discovering the scout to be dead, he then returned to his section to obtain grenades, before returning a third time to clear the area and allow the scout's body to be recovered. Nineteen-year-old Norden was severely wounded in the encounter, but survived his injuries.
In 2022, the Defence Honours and Awards Appeals Tribunal recommended that Norden be posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for Australia in lieu of the Distinguished Conduct Medal. The recommendation for the award was approved by King Charles III on 1 November 2024. The award was announced by Governor-General Sam Mostyn and Prime Minister Anthony Albanese at the Australian War Memorial on 11 November.
# Dorothy Hawksley

Dorothy Webster Hawksley (1884–1 July 1970) was a British artist who painted portraits, figure subjects and landscapes, mainly using watercolour or tempera.

## Biography

Hawksley was born in London and studied at St John's Wood School of Art and then at the Royal Academy Schools, winning awards at both including a silver medal and the Landseer Scholarship at the latter. She taught privately for many years after graduation and exhibited at several galleries and venues. These included the Royal Academy and the Fine Art Society in London, with the Society of Women Artists, at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool and at the Paris Salon where she won a silver medal in 1931. The publisher Heinemann commissioned Hawksley to design a number of dust jackets in the early 1930s.
Her work is included in the collections of the National Gallery of Canada, the Witt Library, the Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery and the National Portrait Gallery, London. Three of Hawksley's pictures were included in The Last Romantics exhibition held at the Barbican Art Gallery in 1989 and the Mass Gallery held a retrospective exhibition in 2005.
Hawksley produced the only portrait of the writer Charlotte Mew; it was gifted to the National Portrait Gallery in 1947.
# Bhiguraj Pathania

Bhiguraj Pathania (born 1 August 1994) is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Uttarakhand in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 2 March 2019.
# Casa del Popolo

Casa del Popolo is a bar, bistro, and music venue in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, on Saint Laurent Boulevard in the borough of Le Plateau-Mont-Royal. Its name is Italian for "House of the People".
It was established in September 2000 by Mauro Pezzente and his partner Kiva Stimac. Since then, the Casa has hosted performances by Arcade Fire, Buck 65, ...And You Will Know Us By The Trail Of Dead, Do Make Say Think, Moldy Peaches, Carla Bozulich, and many more. The Casa has also hosted non-musical performances, including slideshows by Seth and book launches by Jonathan Goldstein.
Fodor's describes Casa del Popolo as "one of (Montreal's) top venues for indie rock music", and Frommer's has compared it to CBGB.
# Hjälmare kanal

Hjälmare Canal (Swedish: Hjälmare kanal) is a 13 kilometres long canal that connects Lake Hjälmaren with Lake Mälaren in Sweden.
The canal was taken into use in 1639, aimed to transport iron from the Central Swedish Mining District to Stockholm and further abroad. Plans to extend the canal west of Örebro to Lake Vänern and further to Göta älv were never realized (hilly area). Instead Göta Canal, located further south and taken into use in 1832, fulfilled the aimed function of connecting the Baltic with the North Sea.
Traffic on the Hjälmaren Canal was frequently discontinued due to a considerable maintenance need, which is why the canal was relocated in 1830. The relocation led to radically decreased maintenance costs and increased reliability. But the canal's importance diminished in the late 19th century due to competition from rail transport. At the same time Sweden's metallurgic and timber industry came to focus on provinces far further north in Sweden.
Since the reconstruction of 1830, 9 canal locks lower the boats 22 metres down to Lake Mälaren. Boats may not exceed the dimensions 30x7 metres and a maximum draught of 1.9 metres.
59°20′40″N 15°57′37″E﻿ / ﻿59.34439°N 15.96039°E﻿ / 59.34439; 15.96039
# Miss Grand Madrid

Miss Grand Madrid is a Spanish provincial female beauty pageant founded in 2016, aiming to select representatives from the Community of Madrid as well as the city Madrid for the Miss Grand Spain national competition.
Since first participating in the Miss Grand Spain pageant, Madrid's representatives have not won the main title yet. The highest placement they obtained was the second runner-up, won by Nicole Menayo and Andrea Ávila in 2018 and 2019, respectively.

## History

Madrid debuted in the Miss Grand Spain pageant in 2016 after Helen Escoriza won the first Miss Grand Madrid competition held at MOSS Club in Centro Madrid, and then participated in the Miss Grand Spain 2016 pageant. The Miss Grand Madrid contest was held annually as a separate stage, until Robert Nilen obtained Miss Grand Madrid and Miss Grand Toledo licenses in 2020, when Madrid and Toledo candidates for Miss Grand Spain were determined through the merged contest, Miss Grand Madrid – Toledo.

## Editions

The following table details Miss Grand Madrid's annual editions since 2016.
| Edition | Date | Final venue | Entrants | Winner |
| 1st | 23 July 2016 | MOSS Club, Centro, Madrid | 11 | Helen Escoriza |
| 2nd | 1 June 2018 | Sala Mitty Disco Club, Madrid | 14 | Nicole Menayo |
| 3rd | 9 June 2019 | Sala Zenith Hall, Centro, Madrid | 13 | Andrea Ávila |
| 4th | 9 November 2020 | No data available | 10 | Debora Zancada |
| 5th | 6 October 2021 | Abaceria Hotel, Toledo | 22 | Kristina Caci |
| 6th | 17 September 2022 | Teatro Lope De Vega [es], Ocaña | 18 | Faridi Dacasa |
| 7th | 16 September 2023 | Salesianos Estrecho Auditorium, Madrid | 12 | Alejandra Lafuente |
| 8th | 22 September 2024 | Archy Club, Madrid | 10 | Natalia Menéndez |

   ### Notes

* 1 2 3 Held in parallel with the Miss Grand Toledo pageant.
* 1 2 The titleholder of Miss Grand Community of Madrid was also determined in the event.

## National competition

The following is a list of Madrid representatives who competed at the Miss Grand Spain national pageant.
| Year | Representative | Original provincial title | Placement at Miss Grand Spain |
| 2016 | Helen Escoriza | Miss Grand Madrid 2016 | Unplaced |
| 2017 | Ivonne Pérez | Appointed | Unplaced |
| 2018 | Nicole Menayo | Miss Grand Madrid 2018 | 2nd runner-up |
| 2019 | Andrea Ávila | Miss Grand Madrid 2019 | 2nd-runner-up |
| No national contest in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic |||||
| 2021 | Debora Zancada | Miss Grand Madrid 2020 | Unplaced |
| 2022 | Kristina Caci | Miss Grand Madrid 2021 | 3rd runner-up |
| 2023 | Faridi Dacasa | Miss Grand Madrid 2022 | Top 15 |
| 2024 | Bianca Elena Ionescu | Miss Grand Madrid–Toledo 2023 Finalist | Unplaced |
# George Williams (musician)

George Dale "The Fox" Williams (November 5, 1917 – April 17, 1988) was a musician, composer, and an arranger for a number of major big bands, including Jimmie Lunceford, Glenn Miller, Gene Krupa, Sonny Dunham, and Ray Anthony.

## Career

He co-wrote and arranged the hit song "It Must Be Jelly ('Cause Jam Don't Shake like That)" with pianist Chummy MacGregor for Glenn Miller and "Gene's Boogie" with Gene Krupa. He arranged "Hamp's Boogie Woogie" for Lionel Hampton. He co-wrote with Ray Anthony his hit songs "Lackawanna Local" and "The Fox" and arranged "The Bunny Hop", co-written by Ray Anthony, and most of Anthony's recorded arrangements. He wrote arrangements for Harry James, Vaughan Monroe, Charlie Ventura, and his recording band, for which he produced two LPs and an EP in the late 1950s as a leader.
In addition, he arranged and conducted the music for Barbra Streisand's first commercial single, "Happy Days Are Here Again" (1962). Williams was a ghostwriter for the arrangements on Jackie Gleason's television show and arranged Gleason's albums in the 1950s and 1960s. Other performers for whom he wrote arrangements include: Count Basie, Mike Douglas, Les & Larry Elgart, Bobby Hackett and the Glenn Miller Orchestra.

## Discography

* The Fox in HiFi (Brunswick, 1955)
* Such Beautiful Music (RCA Victor, 1956)
* Swing Classics in Stereo (United Artists, 1959)
* Put On Your Dancing Shoes (United Artists, 1960)

### As Arranger or conductor

With Louis Bellson
* Big Band Jazz from the Summit (Roulette, 1962)
With Roy Eldridge
* Rockin' Chair (Clef, 1951)
# Shiva Chouhan

Shiva Chouhan (born 30 December 1997) is an Indian cricketer. He made his List A debut for Rajasthan in the 2017–18 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 9 February 2018.
# Ten12 Records

Ten12 Records was a Brooklyn-based outsider electronic, breakbeat, and experimental record label. Ten12 was noted for its focus on facilitating collaboration between new experimental recording artists and the few remaining (and overlooked) early-stage funk and soul pioneers to foster unique recordings that identify the link and dialog between electronic, sample-based recordings and its analog origins. Ten 12's roots stretched back to the Mission District of San Francisco where, in 2000, Charles Lazar started the label in a friend's apartment at 1012 Capp Street. Formerly located in Brooklyn, Ten12 maintained its West Coast presence with operations in San Francisco, while developing a strong international presence, with operations in Japan, Australia, and the Netherlands.
Ten12 Records has released numerous artists to date, including the following:
* Skull Snaps
* The Audible Doctor
* Underdog
* Monk-One
* Steinski
* Unagi
* Discolobos
* Arecee
* Leslie & The Lys
* ten12 systems
* PaperCrossbow
* The Diplomats
# Michele Olry

Michele Olry (born 1943) is a French retired slalom canoeist who competed in the mid-1960s. She won a bronze medal in the mixed C-2 team event with Michel Berthenet at the 1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Spittal, Austria.