OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oey Thai Lo

Letnan Cina Oey Thai Lo (also known as Oey Thoa or Oey Se) was a notable Chinese-Indonesian tycoon who acted as a pachter (tax farmer) for tobacco in the early 19th century.

## Early life

He was born in Hokkien province in 1788 and died in Batavia in 1838. He is the father of Betawi playboy Oey Tamba Sia, grandfather of bureaucrat and landlord Kapitan Cina Oey Giok Koen, and ancestor of the Oey family of Tigaraksa, a family of the cabang atas Peranakan aristocracy of colonial Indonesia.
Oey Thai Lo migrated to Pekalongan, Java, the Dutch East Indies around 1810. According to his descendant Oey Kwie Djien, Oey Thai Lo was the son of a poor Chinese barber.

## Career

Local folklore states that Oey Thai Lo found Dutch debt securities at the house of a poor, Javanese farmer. He exchanged the securities for money, which gave him the initial capital for his tobacco business empire.
According to Thio Tjin Boen's Tjerita Oeij Se, Oey Thai Lo moved from Pekalongan to Batavia because of the embarrassment of his daughter's inter-ethnic marriage to an indigenous man, namely the son of the Regent of Pekalongan, which was frowned upon by the local Chinese community. In Batavia, Oey was known for philanthropy and eventually became friends with Tan Eng Goan, Majoor der Chinezen, head of the Chinese government administration in Batavia. Oey provided financial support to the Majoor, who had financial difficulties. Because of his services to the Majoor and his charity work towards for people of Batavia, Oey Thai Lo was given the position of Luitenant der Chinezen in the Kongsi Besar area.

## Legacy

Oey married a local Peranakan woman, who gave birth to a daughter and three sons: Oey Holland, Oey Tamba and Oey Macau.
Luitenant Oey Thai Lo died around 1838 in Batavia, and passed down a supposed inheritance of 2 million guilders for his children. One of his children, Oey Tamba Sia, gained notoriety for his womanizing, and more fatally for masterminding several murders, which he tried to impute to his social rival Lim Soe Keng Sia, the Majoor's son-in-law. After he was convicted, the young Oey was sentenced to hang by the Dutch East Indies government.
The life story of Luitenant Oey Thai Lo and his son Oey Tamba Sia formed the basis of many Chinese-Malay literary works, and are part of Betawi folklore.
Through his youngest son, Oey Macau Sia, Luitenant Oey Thai Lo is the grandfather of Oey Giok Koen, who served as Kapitein der Chinezen of Tangerang and bought the particuliere land (private domain) of Tigaraksa. Today, descendants of Luitenant Oey Thai Lo are the owners of the Tigaraksa and Sintesa conglomerates in Indonesia.
# Oey Liauw Kong

Oey Liauw Kong, Kapitein der Chinezen (1799–1865) was a Chinese-Indonesian high official, Landheer (landlord) and head of the Oey family of Kemiri, part of the 'Tjabang Atas' or Peranakan gentry. He was also the owner of the 18th-century Baroque mansion and Jakarta landmark, Toko Merah.

## Biography

Oey was born in 1799 in Batavia (now Jakarta), Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) into an old, landowning family with a tradition of public service. He was the son of Oey Liam Kong, Kapitein der Chinezen, and a grandson of Oey Bian Kong, the 20th Kapitein der Chinezen of Batavia, who was in office from 1791 until 1800. Through his grandfather, he was also a great-grandson of the celebrated poet-bureaucrat Oey Tje, Kapitein der Chinezen of Semarang, installed in 1753. The Chinese officership, consisting of the ranks of Majoor, Kapitein and Luitenant der Chinezen, was an arm of the Dutch colonial government with administrative and judicial jurisdiction over the colony's Chinese subjects.
Oey was married to Gouw Tong Nio on April 29, 1818, then on the latter's death, to Jo Loan Nio on June 31, 1828, daughter of Jo Thaij San, Luitenant der Chinezen (appointed in 1810). On being widowed for the second time, he married Lim Phek Nio.
Oey's bureaucratic career began with his appointment as Luitenant der Chinezen on June 3, 1833, in succession to the recently deceased Luitenant Tan Tjoen Ing. He served under Tan Eng Goan, the Kapitein der Chinezen of Batavia, whose post as senior Chinese officer in the colonial capital was raised in 1837 to a Mayoralty. In 1841, Luitenant Oey Liauw Kong was promoted to the post of Kapitein der Chinezen, still serving under Majoor Tan Eng Goan. In August 1849, Kapitein Oey Liauw Kong submitted his request for a resignation to Jan Jacob Rochussen, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, and was honorably discharged with the courtesy title of Kapitein-titulair der Chinezen.
He bought Toko Merah in 1851 as his townhouse and family residence. He died in on February 19, 1865.

## Issue

All of his sons were raised to the Chinese officership; and many of his children were married off into other families of the Tjabang Atas. His eldest son, Oey Kim Tjiang, was appointed Luitenant-titulair in 1847, Luitenant in 1851, then succeeded his father as Kapitein-titulair der Chinezen in 1865. Kapitein Oey Liauw Kong's two younger sons by Jo Loa Nio were Oey Tek Tjiang, Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen (appointed in 1855) and Oey Hok Tjiang, Kapitein-titulair der Chinezen (appointed in 1883). His daughters included Oey Khe Nio, who married Han Ting Hway, son of Han Tiauw Hien, Luitenant der Chinezen in Surabaya, and Oey Giok Nio, who married the prominent landlord Nie Ek Tjiang, Luitenant der Chinezen in Batavia and Tangerang.
Among his grandsons were Oey Keng Hien, Luitenant der Chinezen in Batavia, son of Kapitein-titulair Oey Hok Tjiang, and Han Tjiong Khing, the last Majoor der Chinezen of Surabaya, son of Oey Khe Nio.
# $ (disambiguation)

$ is the dollar or peso currency sign (36 in ASCII), primarily used to represent currencies.
$ may also refer to:

## Currency

The sign is used for:
* Dollar, used in many countries
* Peso, used in many countries, except for the Philippines
* Brazilian real
* Nicaraguan córdoba
* Canadian dollar
* Tongan paʻanga
* Cape Verdean escudo
* Portuguese escudo (defunct), the currency of Portugal prior to the introduction of the Euro
* Surinamese dollar
* United States dollar, used by the United States and several other countries
* The cifrão, a similar symbol, $\mathrm {S} \!\!\!\Vert$

## Mathematics and computers

* $, a sigil in computer programming
* $, the standard alias for invoking JQuery (a JavaScript library)

## Music

* $ (Mark Sultan album)
* Dollars (soundtrack), to the 1971 movie
* "$$$", a song by XXXTentacion from the album ?
* "$$$", a song by Gunna from the album One of Wun
* Ty Dolla Sign, an American singer also known as Ty$

## Television and film

* $ (film), 1971 film also known as Dollars
# Elwood Graham

Elwood Graham (April 10, 1902 – October 9, 1978) was a state legislator in Illinois. He served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1957 to 1965 and again from 1967 to 1973. He was a Republican.
In 1964, due to a failure of the General Assembly to agree on a redistricting plan, every House representative was elected at-large statewide, in what became known as the bedsheet ballot election. Each party slated 118 candidates; every Democratic candidate won but only half of the Republicans did. As a result, 35 Republican incumbents lost their seats, and Graham was among them. Graham rejoined the legislature after the 1966 election and remained a member, now from the redrawn 29th district, until the 1972 election, in which he was unseated by Robert H. Holloway.
Graham was one of three African American Republicans elected to the 77th Illinois General Assembly in 1970, but the other two died during 1972. When the legislature was called into special session by Governor Ogilvie in November 1972, it was the first time since Edward D. Green in 1912 that there had been only one African American Republican in the General Assembly.
Graham was born on April 10, 1902, in Chicago, where he lived throughout his life. He died on October 9, 1978, at his sister's house in Chicago. The publisher of the Chicago Metro News remembered him as "a fighter for two party representation".
# Film plane

A film plane is the surface of an image recording device such as a camera, upon which the lens creates the focused image. In cameras from different manufacturers, the film plane varies in distance from the lens. Thus each lens used has to be chosen carefully to assure that the image is focused on the exact place where the individual frame of film or digital sensor is positioned during exposure. It is sometimes marked on a camera body with the 'Φ' symbol where the vertical bar represents the exact location.
Movie cameras often also have small focus hooks where the focus puller can attach one side of a tape measure to quickly gauge the distance to objects that the operator intends to bring into focus on the film. The measurement is taken from the film plane to the subject and effectively the film plane is the point in the camera where the film sits in the gate. Light measurements can also be taken at the film plane.
Due to Petzval field curvature, the film plane upon which a lens focuses may not be a literal plane. Cameras may bend the film stock or even plate stock slightly to compensate, improving the area of critical focus and sharpness. Nevertheless, the general concept of a focal plane is understood to refer to this position in the camera sensor relative to the lens.
# Albert Thompson (Georgia politician)

Albert William Thompson (June 29, 1922 –December 26, 2004) was an American politician and jurist for the state of Georgia. In 1965, he became one of the first African Americans to serve in the desegregated Georgia House of Representatives, and continued to serve seven terms. He later servied as a Superior Court judge in Georgia.

## Education and military service

During World War II, Thompson served in North Africa and Europe with the 41st Combat Engineers. Receiving his undergraduate degree from Savannah State College in 1942 and his law degree from Howard University School of Law.

## Career

In 1951, Thompson became the first African American admitted to the bar in Columbus, Georgia.
In 1965 he became one of the first African-Americans elected to the Georgia House of Representatives, representing district 110–2 in Muscogee County. In 1974, he also became the first African-American chair of a Georgia House of Representatives committee, the House Special Judiciary Committee. In 1980 he was appointed a Superior Court Judge, again becoming the first African-American state-appointed judge in Georgia history, and retired in 1991 as an Administrative Law Judge. He died in 2004 and is buried at Riverdale Cemetery in Columbus.
# Ralph Jefferson

Ralph Tennyson Jefferson (July 7, 1895 – death unknown) was an American Negro league outfielder and member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

## Early life and career

A native of Hearne, Texas, Jefferson attended Atlanta University. He made his Negro leagues debut in 1920 with the Indianapolis ABCs, and played with several teams through the 1924 season. Following his baseball career, he was editor of The Negro American magazine, and was elected to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 1941-1942 session.

## Personal life

On April 16, 1932, Jefferson married Helen Daisy Stinson of Chatham, Virginia.
# Manitoba Interdiocesan Catholic Schools

Manitoba Interdiocesan Catholic Schools, Inc. (MICS) was a Catholic school organization in Manitoba, Canada. It was established in 1993 as a successor to the Manitoba Catholic School Trustees' Association, and was dissolved in 1999. The organization's mission was to "coordinate and promote the aims and objectives of Catholic education, and to provide administrative and technical assistance to Catholic schools."
Archbishops Antoine Hacault, Michael Bzdel and Leonard Wall made the decision to dissolve MICS on April 21, 1999. A representative of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Winnipeg indicated that this step was taken in order to "restore, consolidate and strengthen the bishops' responsibilities for Catholic education in their respective dioceses", reversing previous decisions wherein some of these responsibilities had been delegated to the central organization. Following its dissolution, the dioceses of St. Boniface and Winnipeg and the Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Winnipeg were entrusted with the operation of separate educational bodies.
# E. Melvin Porter

Edward Melvin Porter (May 22, 1930 – July 26, 2016) was an American lawyer, politician, and civil rights activist in the state of Oklahoma. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American to serve in the Oklahoma State Senate.

## Early life and education

Porter was born on May 22, 1930 in Okmulgee, Oklahoma. He attended Tennessee State University, Vanderbilt University, and Shorter College. He was one of the first African-Americans to graduate from Vanderbilt University Law School.

## Legal career and activism

He passed the Oklahoma Bar examination in 1960. As an attorney, he provided free legal services for individuals unable to pay for representation. In 1961, Porter served as president of the Oklahoma City National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. He participated in protests and sit-ins with Clara Luper. Porter and Luper helped organize the 1969 Oklahoma City sanitation workers' strike.

## Political career

Porter unsuccessful campaigned for a seat in Oklahoma House of Representatives in 1962. In 1964, he was elected to the Oklahoma State Senate to serve the newly redrawn 48th district, becoming the first African American to serve in the body.
As a state senator, Porter introduced the Oklahoma Anti-Discrimination Act (OADA), described as the state equivalent to the federal Civil Rights Act of 1968. He served in the body until he retired in 1987.

## Death and legacy

Porter died on July 26, 2016, at his home in Oklahoma City. Porter had seven children. Following his death, the Oklahoma Legislative Black Caucus announced they would work to create a $10,000 scholarship for Langston University students in his honor.
# T-pop

T-pop may refer to:
* Thai pop
* Taiwanese pop or Hokkien pop
# Calonne-Ricouart

Calonne-Ricouart (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France 6 miles (9.7 km) southwest of Béthune and 33 miles (53 km) southwest of Lille by the banks of the river Clarence.

## History

The village and the old castle were burned down in 1537 by the troops of Francis I.

## Notable people

* Robert Budzynski (born 1940), football player
* Maryan Synakowski (1936–2022), football player
* Maryan Wisniewski (born 1937), football player
# Candeias do Jamari

Candeias do Jamari is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. Its population was 27,388 in 2020 and its area is 6,844 km$^2$ (2,642 sq mi).
The municipality contains 76% of the fully protected 71,161 hectares (175,840 acres) Samuel Ecological Station. It also contains part of the 221,218 hectares (546,640 acres) Jacundá National Forest, a sustainable use conservation unit.
# Castanheiras

Castanheiras (Portuguese meaning chestnut) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. Its population was 2,987 (2020) and its area is 893 km$^2$.
# Costa Marques

Costa Marques is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. Its population was 18,798 (2020) and its area is 4,987 km$^2$.
The city is located in the Guaporé River's right bank and the main attraction is Forte Príncipe da Beira (named after the Prince of Beira), which was built in 1786 by the Portuguese Kingdom to protect that region from the Spanish Crown.
The municipality contains 91% of the 36,442 hectares (90,050 acres) Serra dos Reis State Park. It contains 14% of the 2,244 hectares (5,550 acres) Serra dos Reis A State Park, created in 1996. It also contains 52.5% of the 146,400 hectares (362,000 acres) Rio Cautário State Extractive Reserve, created in 1995.
# Cujubim

Cujubim is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. Its population was 26,183 (2020) and its area is 3,864 km$^2$.
The municipality contains 22% of the Angelim Extractive Reserve and 21% of the Ipê Extractive Reserve. It contains the 660 hectares (1,600 acres) Tucano Sustainable Yield State Forest, created in 1996.
# Yokohama War Crimes Trials

The Yokohama War Crimes Trials was a series of trials of 996 Japanese war criminals, held before the military commission of the U.S. 8th Army at Yokohama immediately after the Second World War. The defendants belonged to class B and C, as defined by the charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. Of those tried, 854 defendants were convicted, with 124 of them receiving death sentences, of which 51 were carried out. All of the convicts served their sentences or were executed at Sugamo Prison. In 1958, those still serving prison sentences from the trials were all paroled.

## Notable defendants

Captain Kaichi Hirate: Permitted the mistreatment and murder of Allied POWs. Executed in 1946.
Lieutenant General Tasuku Okada: Ordered the summary executions of 38 American POWs. Executed in 1949.
Major General Yoshitaka Kawane and Colonel Kurataro Hirano: Convicted of ordering the Bataan Death March. Executed together in 1949.
Lieutenant General Takaji Wachi: Convicted of unlawfully transporting troops and munitions on Red Cross ships in the Philippines. Sentenced to 6 years in prison. Paroled in 1950. Died in 1978.
Lieutenant General Masazumi Inada: Convicted of his complicity in the cover-up of the vivisection and other human medical experiments performed at the Kyushu Imperial University on downed Allied airmen. Sentenced to 7 years in prison. Released in 1951. Died in 1986.
Lieutenant General Isamu Yokoyama: Convicted of having direct command responsibility for the vivisection and other human medical experiments performed at the Kyushu Imperial University on downed Allied airmen. Sentenced to death in 1948, but later reprieved. Died in prison in 1952.
Lieutenant General Eitaro Uchiyama: Convicted for his command responsibility over the executions of American airmen shot down between April and August 1945. Sentenced to 30 years of hard labor. Paroled in 1958. Died in 1973.
# Dorothy O'Neil

Dorothy "Dottie" O'Neil (born 1930 in Norwich, Connecticut) is a retired American badminton player.

## Playing History

O'Neil won women's singles titles at numerous tournaments including the Mason-Dixon, Mid-Atlantic, New England, and Connecticut Opens from the late 1950s through the late 1960s. She won the US Open women's singles title in 1964 after having reached the finals of the event several times previously. She was ranked second in the United States six times behind the world's dominant women's player of the era Judy Devlin Hashman, and was repeatedly ranked in the top three nationally in women's doubles. She co-ranked first with partner Rosine Lemon in 1972.
In international events, O'Neil won the Mexican Open Singles in 1965 and competed for the United States in the World Team Championships for Women, also known as the Uber Cup, including the World Champion US teams of 1960 and 1963. She also played on the 1969 Uber Cup team and was captain of the team in 1972.
In 1994 O'Neil was inducted into the USA Badminton Hall of Fame.
# America's Most Wanted (group)

America's Most Wanted, also known as A.M.W., was an American hip hop group from Oakland, California, made up of Tyrell "The Boss Man" Brewer, Charles "Chucksta" Mack, Chris "Mellow-D" Wilson and "Cheech Mack" (Bradley Askew). They were signed to Triad Records and Shot Records.
They came together in 1990 to release their first album, Criminals, which peaked at number 66 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Five years later, by which time Mellow-D had left the group, Cheech Mack was added back into the group once released from jail. They released their second and final album, The Real Mobb, which failed to chart. In 1996, the group disbanded.

## Discography

* Album information
* Criminals
* Released: 1990
* Chart positions: #66 Top R&B/Hip-Hop
* Singles: "Armed & Dangerous", "Can You Step to This"
* The Real Mobb
* Released: 1995
* Singles: "This Is the Mobb"
# Paul Newman (politician)

Paul Newman (born February 8, 1954) is a former member of the Arizona Corporation Commission.

## Education

He earned a B.A. in Behavioral and Social Science from the University of Maryland, College Park, a Master in Public Administration and a Master in Judicial Administration from University Southern California, and a Juris Doctor from California Western School of Law.

## Career

Before moving to Arizona in 1988, he was an administrator, researcher, and consultant with the California court system where he served as Court Management Consultant for the National Center for State Courts, California Supreme Court, Los Angeles Municipal Court, Sacramento Municipal Court and San Diego Superior Court from 1976 through 1986.
Newman served three terms as an Arizona state representative, representing Santa Cruz, Greenlee, Cochise, and Graham counties from 1993-1998. In 1998 he ran for a seat on the three-member Arizona Corporation Commission, which is the state's utilities regulator. He lost to Republican Tony West. Subsequently, he was elected to as a Cochise County Supervisor while living in Bisbee, Arizona. In 2008, during his second term as County Supervisor, he launched another campaign for the Arizona Corporation Commission and won. He lost re-election to the post in 2012.

### 2008 Corporation Commission Race

During Newman's second campaign for Corporation Commission, in 2008, he and two other Democrats advanced past the primary election. Along with Sam George and Sandra Kennedy, Newman campaigned on bringing renewable solar energy to Arizona. Newman was endorsed by The Arizona Republic and the Tucson Citizen and by multiple elected officials such as Congressmen Harry Mitchell and Ed Pastor.
Newman and Kennedy ran as clean candidates under Arizona's Clean Elections system while George ran a traditional campaign. Under Arizona's Clean Elections system, the state is required to match funds raised by traditionally funded candidates up to a certain amount. The three were dubbed The Solar Team. George contributed nearly half a million dollars of his own money and pooled this money with Newman's and Kennedy's Clean Election funds. With this strategy, the Solar Team was able to run numerous television ads and post signs all over the state of Arizona. This brought more attention than normally paid to the Corporation Commission race. Although George donated much of his own money, only Newman and Kennedy won in the General Election.

### Later campaigns

Newman lost re-election to the commission in 2012. Newman sought re-election to the commission again in 2018, but failed to collect sufficient nominating signatures.
Newman is again seeking re-election to the commission in 2020.