OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nordic combined at the 1928 Winter Olympics

At the 1928 Winter Olympics one individual Nordic combined event was contested. It was held on Friday, February 17, 1928 (cross-country skiing) and on Saturday, February 18, 1928 (ski jumping). Unlike today the ski jump was the last event held. Both events were also individual medal events.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Johan Grøttumsbråten Norway | Hans Vinjarengen Norway | Jon Snersrud Norway |

## Results
### Final standings

| Place | Competitor | Total |
| 1 | Johan Grøttumsbråten (NOR) | 17.833 |
| 2 | Hans Vinjarengen (NOR) | 15.303 |
| 3 | Jon Snersrud (NOR) | 15.021 |
| 4 | Paavo Nuotio (FIN) | 14.927 |
| 5 | Esko Järvinen (FIN) | 14.810 |
| 6 | Sven Eriksson (SWE) | 14.593 |
| 7 | Ludwig Böck (GER) | 13.260 |
| 8 | Ole Kolterud (NOR) | 13.146 |
| 9 | Otakar Německý (TCH) | 12.990 |
| 10 | Bronisław Czech (POL) | 12.645 |
| 11 | Adolf Rubi (SUI) | 12.625 |
| 12 | Rudolf Burkert (TCH) | 12.604 |
| 13 | Stephan Lauener (SUI) | 12.333 |
| 14 | Max Kröckel (GER) | 11.968 |
| 15 | Walter Glaß (GER) | 11.927 |
| 16 | David Zogg (SUI) | 11.906 |
| 17 | Harald Paumgarten (AUT) | 11.854 |
| 18 | Walter Buchberger (TCH) | 10.906 |
| 19 | Hans Eidenbenz (SUI) | 10.551 |
| 20 | Vitale Venzi (ITA) | 10.416 |
| 21 | Gustl Müller (GER) | 10.114 |
| 22 | Aleksander Rozmus (POL) | 8.781 |
| 23 | Martial Payot (FRA) | 7.896 |
| 24 | Stanisław Motyka (POL) | 7.531 |
| 25 | Anders Haugen (USA) | 7.447 |
| 26 | Charles Proctor (USA) | 7.208 |
| 27 | Merritt Putman (CAN) | 4.853 |
| 28 | Klébert Balmat (FRA) | 4.291 |
| — | Marcel Beraud (FRA) | DNF |
| — | Sakuta Takefushi (JPN) | DNF |
| — | William Thompson (CAN) | DNF |
| — | Franz Wende (TCH) | DNF |
| — | Karl Neuner (GER) | DNF |
| — | Gyula Szepes (HUN) | DNF |
| — | Rolf Monsen (USA) | DNF |

## Participating nations

A total of 35 Nordic combined skiers from 14 nations competed at the St. Moritz Games:
* Austria (1)
* Canada (2)
* Czechoslovakia (4)
* Finland (2)
* France (3)
* Germany (5)
* Hungary (1)
* Italy (1)
* Japan (1)
* Norway (4)
* Poland (3)
* Sweden (1)
* Switzerland (4)
* United States (3)
# CK Carinae

CK Carinae (CK Car / HD 90382 / SAO 238038) is a variable star in the constellation Carina, the keel of Argo Navis. It is a member of the star association Carina OB1-D, at a distance of around 2,300 parsecs or 7,500 light years.
In 1921, Ida E. Woods discovered that the star's brightness varied. It was given its variable star designation, CK Carinae, in 1922. Classified as a semiregular variable star, CK Carinae's brightness varies between apparent magnitudes +7.2 and +8.5 with a period of approximately 525 days. It has a Gaia Data Release 2 parallax of 0.4286±0.0806 mas, which implies a distance of around 2,300 pc, and is thought to be a member of the Carina OB1-D stellar association which is at a distance of about 2,200 pc. An analysis of the distances of apparently-nearby OB stars implies a distance of 2,920 pc for CK Carinae. It has an MK spectral classification of M3.5 Iab, with the luminosity class indicating an intermediate luminosity supergiant.
CK Carinae is a red supergiant with an effective temperature of 3,500 K. It is 690 times larger than the Sun, which means that if it were in the place of the Sun, its surface would reach beyond the orbit of Mars, with Earth being encompassed within the star. Consequently, CK Carinae is also a luminous star, radiating 72,000 times as much energy as the sun.
# Julia Lee (rugby league)

Julia Lee is an English former rugby league referee and was the first woman to officiate men's rugby league games in the United Kingdom.
Lee was born in Hull, England in 1968 and grew up supporting Hull Kingston Rovers. She took up refereeing aged 17 after seeing an advert for referees in a match programme. After a friend bet her £5 that she wouldn't apply she did so but faced considerable resistance in being accepted due to her being a woman. Lee started by officiating at junior games but after moving to London she started officiating open-age games. After returning from a period in Australia, where she became the first woman to referee a game, she moved up the refereeing ranks and by 1990 was officiating games in the National Conference League Premier Division - the highest league in the amateur game - as well as games involving the reserve sides of professional clubs. Lee refereed her first professional game at Keighley Cougars during the 1993–94 season.
Injury forced her to retire in 2000 after she had refereed over 500 matches including the Oxford v Cambridge Varsity match and internationals in Australia and New Zealand.
Post-retirement Lee worked for the Rugby Football League as a director of community projects and events. Lee established her own life-coaching company, Common Sense Initiative, in 2017.
In 2018 Ref! a play written by Sarah Jane Dickenson and inspired by Lee's career premiered at Hull Kingston Rovers KCOM Stadium.
# Julia Armstrong

Julia Helene Armstrong née Gates, (born 12 May 1959) is a female retired British marathon runner who achieved most success running as Julia Gates in the mid to late '80s.

## Athletics career

Armstrong won the 1985 Dublin Marathon setting a course record with 2:41:24. Her personal best was 2:36:31, set in the 1986 London Marathon, where she came in as 3rd British finisher and 7th female overall. She still competes at a high level, running as an elite female in the 2008 London Marathon, and in October 2008 she took up ultrarunning, coming in as 3rd female in a 56-mile cross-country race from London to Brighton. She represented England in the marathon event, at the 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland.

## Background

Armstrong was born in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Her family moved to Britain in 1962, and settled near Farnham, Hampshire. She began her athletic career in 1974, joining Haslemere Border AC as their first female member.
Armstrong met Nigel Gates, a fellow athlete, in 1979 at an international race in Manresa, Spain, and they married in 1982. For the majority of Armstrong's international career they lived and worked together in Bath, having founded Springs Health Club in the city. They separated in 1993, and she has been married three times since then, competing as Julia McGowan (1994–1997) and Julia Cornford (1998–2001) before changing her name back to Armstrong.
Throughout her early athletic career, Armstrong suffered from an eating disorder and this is documented in her book, Running to Learn. She has spoken frankly about the disorder in a number of articles and interviews with the national press.

## After international career

Armstrong's work as a personal trainer led her in the direction of coaching and counselling, and she now works as a sports coach and therapist.
In April 2008, Armstrong published her first book, Running to Learn, which offers a mix of autobiography and the ideas and philosophy behind her successful career as a therapist.

## Personal bests

* 5,000 metres - 15:51 Bath, 26 June 1985
* 10,000 metres - 33:29 Swansea Bay, 15 September 1985
* 10 miles - 55:10 Woking, 23 February 1986
* Marathon - 2:36:31 London, 20 April 1986
Armstrong was part of the British team that finished 3rd in the 1987 New York marathon.
# Centre for the Macedonian Language in Greece

The Centre for the Macedonian Language in Greece (Macedonian: Центар за македонски јазик во Грција, romanized: Centar za makedonski jazik vo Grcija; Greek: Κέντρο Μακεδονικής Γλώσσας στην Ελλάδα, romanized: Kéntro Makedonikís Glóssas stin Elláda) is a non-governmental and nonprofit organization aimed at preserving the Macedonian language in Greece. It is based in Florina (Macedonian: Лерин, romanized: Lerin) and its registration was officially approved on 27 July 2022 by the Court of First Instance of Florina. The organization aims to offer free Macedonian-language courses online and advocates for the introduction of Macedonian in public education in Greece and for the recognition of Macedonian as a minority language in the country. Other activities of the centre include support for the training of Macedonian-language teachers, the documentation of local Macedonian dialects and the tracking of human rights violations against Macedonian-speakers.
The Prime Minister of North Macedonia at that time, Zoran Zaev, praised the establishment of the centre, calling it one of the fruits of the 2018 Prespa Agreement and a confirmation of the close relations between the two countries. He also thanked the Prime Minister of Greece at that time, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, and his predecessor Alexis Tsipras, for the efforts made to improve relations with North Macedonia in the years prior to the formation of the centre.
Shortly after its registration, the public prosecutor of the Florina regional unit, political parties and cultural and far-right organizations submitted several lawsuits and requests demanding the annulment of the registration of the centre, all of which the Court of First Instance of Florina rejected. The Centre for the Macedonian Language in Greece expressed great satisfaction at this and at the apparent change, according to it, that was taking place in Greek justice after decades of opposition to the existence of organizations of its kind in the country.
The one-member Court of Appeal of Western Macedonia later overturned the previous judicial decisions regarding the centre's functioning. Hristijan Mickoski, the then Prime Minister of North Macedonia, described this new decision as a Greek attempt at "provocation", while the founders of the centre stated that they would appeal against it.
# Francisco Vital

Francisco António Lucas Vital (born 27 June 1954) is a Portuguese former football forward and manager.

## Playing career

Born in Braga, Vital spent all of his early career in the second division, mainly with G.D. Riopele. In 1977 he signed with FC Porto, going on to be irregularly played by the Primeira Liga club during his two-and-a-half-season spell and winning two national championships, contributing with a career-best 21 games and five goals in the 1978–79 edition.
In January 1980, Vital moved to La Liga with Real Betis – his only abroad experience – returning to his country in the summer to join S.L. Benfica, with whom he won another league as well as one Portuguese Cup and one domestic Supercup. After spending the 1981–82 campaign with Boavista F.C. he returned to the second level, where he remained until his retirement at the age of 33, mostly with F.C. Vizela.
As a Porto player, Vital appeared once for Portugal, featuring 45 minutes in a 4–0 home win against Cyprus for the 1978 FIFA World Cup qualifiers and scoring the third.
Francisco Vital: International goals :
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 16 November 1977 | Estádio de São Luís, Faro, Portugal | Cyprus | 3–0 | 4–0 | 1978 World Cup qualification |

## Coaching career

Vital worked almost exclusively in the Portuguese lower leagues, his first stint being precisely with his last club Vizela. In 1997–98, his only season in the top tier, he was one of four managers for Sporting CP – having started as an assistant with the team – winning one match, drawing two and losing one as the Lions went on to finish in fourth position.
In the second part of the 2000s, Vital coached mainly in Vietnam, helping Đồng Tâm Long An F.C. return to the V-League in 2012.
# Dunukofia

Dunukofia is a Local Government Area in Anambra State, South-East Nigeria. Towns that make up the local government are Ukpo, the headquarters; Ifitedunu, Dunukofia Umunnachi, Umudioka, Ukwulu and Nawgu. It shares boundaries with Awka North, Idemili North, Njikoka and Oyi Local Governments.
The population is predominantly agrarian, but major in-roads have been made in commerce and education. Population density here is among the highest in all of Nigeria. There are general hospitals at Ifitedunu and Ukpo. There are also a dozen high schools for boys and girls. Dunukofia is among the most accessible local governments in Anambra State, with federal and state roads crossing it at different points. St Mary's High School Ifitedunu is categorised as one of the oldest post-primary schools in Anambra State.

## Geography

The rainy and dry seasons are the two main seasons that Dunukofia LGA experiences each year. The region's average annual temperature is 28 degrees Celsius, and there are an average of 2950 mm of rain there each year.

## Economy

In Dunukofia LGA, a variety of crops, including yam, rice, cassava, and maize, are grown, and farming is the primary economic activity of the locals. Dunukofia LGA, which is home to a multitude of markets like the Afor Igwe market in Umudioka, is a hub of commerce as well.

## Schools

The following secondary schools are in Dunukofia Local Government Area:
* St. Mary's High School, Ifitedunu
* Walter Eze Memorial Secondary School, Ukpo
* Community Secondary School, Umunnachi
* Nneamaka Girls' Secondary School, Ifitedunu
* Community Secondary School, Ukpo
* Community Secondary School, Ukwulu
* Girls Secondary School, Umudioka
* Community Secondary School, Nawgu

## Notable people

* Hon Sir Chukuwudi Okeke (Ikpoaku na Ukpo)
* Engr. Arthur Eze (Ozoigbondu)
* Charles Oramulu Onwuche - economist and political strategist
* Morocco Maduka
# Vaʻai Kolone

Vaʻai Kolone (11 November 1911 – 20 April 2001) was the fourth prime minister of Samoa and a founder of the Human Rights Protection Party (HRPP) in Samoa. He served as prime minister twice, first between 13 April and 18 September 1982, and then from 30 December 1985 until 8 April 1988.

## Biography

He was from Vaisala village on Savai'i island in the political district of Vaisigano.
Kolone was first elected to parliament, the Legislative Assembly of Samoa, in 1967 representing the electorate of Vaisigano No. 1. In 1979, together with Tofilau Eti Alesana he founded the Human Rights Protection Party to oppose the government of Tupuola Efi. The HRPP won 24 seats in the 1982 election, and Kolone was appointed prime minister. However, an election petition stripped him of his seat shortly afterwards due to bribery charges and he was forced to resign. The party would go on to rule Samoa until 2021. Tupuola Efi was appointed prime minister and served until Kolone regained his seat in the subsequent by-election. In the meantime Tofilau Eti Alesana had been elected leader of the HRPP and served as prime minister for the rest of the parliamentary term.
Kolone resigned from the HRPP after failing to regain the party leadership after the 1985 election. However, in late 1985 11 HRPP Members of Parliament defected to form a coalition government with the then-opposition Christian Democratic Party. Kolone was elected prime minister on 30 December, with Efi as his deputy. The coalition was later formalised as the Samoan National Development Party. He subsequently led the SNDP in the 1991 election, gaining 14 seats.
His sons Va'ai Papu Vailupe and Asiata Sale'imoa Va'ai also became members of Parliament.
# Gergely Ghéczy

Gergely Ghéczy (Chinese: 芝利·卡士; born 3 November 1980) is a Hungarian former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.
# Cheshmeh Kabud, Harsin

Cheshmeh Kabud (Persian: چشمه كبود) is a village in, and the capital of, Cheshmeh Kabud Rural District of the Central District of Harsin County, Kermanshah province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,589 in 301 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,445 people in 334 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,367 people in 370 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Arroio Grande

Arroio Grande (Portuguese meaning the big stream) is a Brazilian municipality in the southern part of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The population is 18,238 (2020 est.) in an area of 2513.60 km². Its second industry is agriculture which was primary until the 1970s, it currently has more urban population (80%) than rural (20%). Much of the area is made up of plains.

## History

The settlement was founded in 1803, around eighteen years before independence by Manuel Jerônimo de Sousa, who was Baron of Mauá's grandfather. In the right bank, the Ferreira family halted the construction, on the right bank, the sons of Manuel de Sousa Gusmão constructed secretly a ranch.
Under law 54 of May 26, 1846, it was lifted to a parish as Nossa Senhora da Graça de Arroio Grande. Under law 596 on January 2, 1867, the municipality of Jaguarão was divided into five districts, one of which was Arroio Grande.
Under the provincial law 843 on March 24, 1873, it became a town with a same name. Under law 590 on November 5, 1890, it became a city with the name Federação, but on July 6, 1891, under law 522, it was renamed to Arroio Grande.
In 1959, the municipality lost part of its area which became the new municipality of Pedro Osório.

## Geography
### Districts

* Arroio Grande
* Mauá
* Pedreiras
* Santa Izabel do Sul

### Bounding municipalities

* Capão do Leão
* Herval
* Jaguarão
* Pedro Osório
* Rio Grande

### Streams

* Arroio Grande
* Arroio Chasqueiro
* Arroio Bretanhas
* Arroio Parapó
All streams empty into Lagoa Mirim.

### Climate

Arroio Grande has one of the coolest climate in Brazil, its climate is subtropical, its medium annual temperature is 17.5 °C.

## Economy

Its main agricultural products are rice, soy, wheat, corn and a few more, cattle includes bovines and ovine.
| Product | Tons |
| Rice (in bags) | 216,000 |
| Soy | 22,907 |
| Wheat | 2,700 |
| Corn | 2,400 |
$_{Data:IBGE/2004}$

### Transportation

Arroio Grande is connected with the national road BR-116, one of the main roads of Mercosul, and additionally the state roads RS-602 and RS-473.

## Education

* Escola Estadual Ministro Francisco Brochado da Rocha
* Escola Estadual Cândida Silveira Haubman
* Escola Estadual 20 de Setembro
* Instituto de Educação Aimone Soares Carriconde
* Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Presidente João Goulart
# Mid-Maryland Celtic Festival

The Mid-Maryland Celtic Festival (formerly the Frederick Celtic Festival) is a one-day festival celebrating all things Scottish, held annually in Mt. Airy, Maryland, United States.
The festival features kilted professional and amateur Highland Games athletes competing for victory tossing cabers and throwing heavy weights. Other activities include Celtic music, competitions, bagpipe playing, crafts, vendors, Scottish and Irish dancing, and free genealogy services.
Historically held in Urbana and Frederick (MD), starting in 2012 the festival is held annually on the second Saturday each May at the Mt. Airy Fire Department Fairgrounds which are located at 1003 Twin Arch Road, Mt. Airy, MD 21771. Festival hours are 9 am to 6 pm and now have been expanded to include a British car show co-sponsored by the Clustered Spires British Car Club of Frederick, MD and expanded dog/herding events.
There was no festival in 2020.
# Awaous tajasica

Awaous tajasica, the sand fish or sandfish, is a species of goby native to fresh and brackish waters of Brazil in South America with reports outside of Brazil considered to be questionable. This species can reach a length of 16.3 cm (6.4 in) SL.
# Ebenezer Fletcher

Ebenezer Fletcher (1761–1831) was an American Revolutionary War fifer who was captured by the British Army at the Battle of Hubbardtown (Vermont), during the Saratoga Campaign. He entered the Continental Army in the 2nd New Hampshire Regiment under Col. Nathan Hale.
Young Fletcher at age 16 was wounded and captured during the battle, which was part of the American retreat from the Siege of Fort Ticonderoga. He made his escape from his British captors and was then forced to serve his contractual three years by the Continental Army.
After the war, Fletcher returned to the place of his birth, New Ipswich, New Hampshire, where he married (twice), owned and managed textile mills, and raised a family in a home that still stands at Smithville.
One of his daughters, Polly, married Peter Felt, the third great-grandson of first-generation colonist George Felt.
In 1798, Fletcher wrote A narrative of the captivity and sufferings of Mr. Ebenezer Fletcher; who was wounded at Hubbardton, in the year 1777 and taken prisoner by the British, and after recovering a little from his wounds, made his escape from them, and returned back to New Ipswich, written by himself. The account was first published by Samuel Preston in Amherst, New Hampshire, and has since been published numerous times, including an edition for the American bicentennial.
Fletcher's narrative has become "emblematic" of the life of a young, curious and reluctant common Revolutionary War soldier.
# Petrus Compton

Petrus Compton also known by his nickname, "Papo", is a Saint Lucian politician and senator. He was the Foreign Minister of Saint Lucia from October 26, 2004, when he was appointed to succeed Julian Hunte, until December 2006, when a new government took office. Compton was previously the attorney general and minister of justice from July 1997 to October 2004, until he became Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Compton is a graduate of the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica, where he received a bachelor's degree in English, and the Cave Hill, Barbados, campus where he obtained his Bachelor of Laws degree (LLB). Mr. Compton pursued graduate studies at the University College London which culminated in the award of the Master of Laws degree (LLM). He was called to the British Bar at Gray's Inn in London.
# Hot stain

A hot stain is a region of the world where safe drinking water has been depleted. The term may have been coined by Goldman Environmental Prize winning hydrologist Michal Kravcik. Hot stains can be found on every continent, except for Antarctica. The biggest reason for a hot stain to develop is population pressure. As the population grows, water demand increases. Although the earth is covered in 97% water, only 1% of that water is available for human consumption. Hot stains can cause great harm to a regions agricultural ability and can lead to food scarcity, famine, and even the abandonment of the region.
Maude Barlow an environmental activist, head of the Council of Canadians, and founder of the Blue Planet Project has used the term 'hot stain' in regard to water resources. In 2005, Maude Barlow received Sweden's Right Livelihood Award.

## Water resources

'Hot stains' areas are one term given where water reserves are disappearing. These areas include the Middle East, Northern China, Mexico, California and almost two dozen countries in Africa. Today thirty-one countries and over 1 billion people completely lack access to clean water. The global freshwater crisis looms as one of the greatest threats ever to the survival of our planet according to Maude Barlow and Tony Clarke in an article in The Nation magazine.