OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gutter Snypes

Gutter Snypes are a British hip hop group who formed in 1993. The group was composed of Cel One, Sigher (Russell Paine) and Prime Cuts. Previously the Cel One had recorded under the name Most Dominant for the Kold Sweat Records label, with DJ First Rate and DJ Renegade (Son of Noise). Prior to this, Cel One and First Rate had been part of the First Down Crew in Kent.
In 1993, the group met Johnny F and started recording with Liberty Grooves. This union would lead to the Trials Of Life EP in 1994. Three versions of the EP were recorded (regular, radio edits and instrumental) and it even gained the attention of Nellee Hooper who sampled it on the track Inside Of Me for the 1994 LP Bedtime Stories by Madonna. Gutter Snypes performed alongside many other UK rap groups including Sniper and Principal Mark (Prime Rhyme Masters). In 2005 Cel One returned to music alongside Prime Cuts with their Dog London imprint and subsequent single Watchamindsay/Code Red, while Sigher returned to the game in 2009 with his Keep On Pushing/Hitman Harry single on his Elcal label.
The Gutter Snypes have now reassembled in 2013 and are recording an Album yet to be titled with an addition to the group in Mista Dexter (DJ with The Brotherhood). They are developing 10 tracks with collaborations from the likes of Audessy and Oxygen from SoundSci and Grand Wizard Ghettosocks. The Album should be released later in 2013 on the Slice of Spice record label based in Brooklyn NYC.
Over the years, Prime Cuts has remained prolific as part of the Scratch Perverts, winning the DMC Team championships in 1999.

## Discography

* Gutter Snypes - The Trials Of Life Radio Edits (1994)
* Gutter Snypes - The Trials Of Life EP (1994)
* Gutter Snypes - The Trials Of Life Instrumentals (1994)
* Gutter Snypes - "Game tight"/"6ft and change" super disco edits (2014)
* Gutter Snypes - "Sucker punch"/"Jillian" super disco edits (2014)
# Cambrocaris

Cambrocaris is an extinct genus of Upper Cambrian arthropods from Poland. The genus contains a single species, Cambrocaris baltica.

## Description

Cambrocaris is an arthropod roughly 2 mm (0.079 in) long, known from a single, partial specimen with Orsten-type preservation. The preserved section is 800 micrometers long and bears eight pairs of appendages with the anterior three being complete and further back only being partially preserved, the first antennae being the longest appendages. The fossil seems to be only lightly sclerotised, with no distinct cutinized areas. It is unknown whether Cambrocaris had a cephalic shield due to the dorsal area being partially damaged, however it is improbable for it to have had a large shield, with either a smaller shield comparable to Martinssonia or a lack of the feature entirely being the most plausible possibilities. Cambrocaris also had a large hypostome, with a bilobed bulge reaching the mouth.

## Ecology

Cambrocaris, while possibly being benthic due to being preserved in sediment, nevertheless shows adaptations for swimming, and the presence of a mouth and lack of intricate bristles show that it presumably caught prey and swallowed it whole.

## Etymology

Cambrocaris is named as such due to its Cambrian origin, and the species name baltica derives from its location on the Hel Peninsula, in the Baltic Sea.
# Siege of Dâmbovița Fortress

The siege of Dâmbovița Fortress took place on 23 November 1473 when an army of Moldavia, led by Stephen the Great, besieged the fortress where Radu the Handsome, ruler of Wallachia, had taken refuge.
After the loss at Vodna stream, in 18–20 November 1473, Radu the Handsome retreated to Dâmbovița Fortress (Bucharest). however he did not have time to properly organize his defence, the fortress being besieged on 23 November by the troops of Stephen the Great. At night, the Wallachian voivode ran away from the fortress, leaving his flags, treasury, and family (his wife and his daughter, Maria Voichița whom Stephen married in 1475).
On 24 November, Stephen the Great entered the fortress and installed Basarab the Old on the throne, after which he took a series of measures to defend the country against the Ottomans, including the ability of the ruler to name Burgraves, Basarab becoming a vassal of Moldavia
# Thomas J. Robertson

Thomas James Robertson (August 3, 1823 – October 13, 1897) was a United States senator from South Carolina. Born near Winnsboro, he completed preparatory studies and graduated from South Carolina College (now the University of South Carolina) at Columbia in 1843. He engaged in planting and owned slaves. He was a member of the State constitutional convention in 1865.
Upon the readmission of the State of South Carolina to representation in Congress in 1868, Robertson was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate; he was reelected in 1871 and served from July 15, 1868, to March 4, 1877, and was not a candidate for reelection amidst the end of Reconstruction. While in the Senate he was chairman of the Committee on Manufactures (Forty-second through Forty-fourth Congresses). Robertson voted against the Ku Klux Klan Act, but voted for the Civil Rights Act of 1875. After serving in Congress, Robertson retired from public life and active business due to ill health, and in 1897 died in Columbia. He was buried in Elmwood Cemetery.
# James L. Redman

James L. Redman (January 19, 1932 – May 22, 2006) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 61st and 62nd district of the Florida House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Redman was born in Plant City, Florida. He attended the University of Florida.
In 1966, Redman was elected to the Florida House of Representatives. The next year, he was elected as the first representative for the newly-established 61st district. He served until 1972, when he was succeeded by Donald Crane. In the same year, he was elected to represent the 62nd district, succeeding Guy Spicola. He served until 1978, when he was succeeded by Carl Carpenter Jr.
Redman died on May 22, 2006 of cancer, at the age of 74.
# Frank Leighton

Frank Leighton (1908–1962) was an Australian actor best known for two leading roles in films for Ken G. Hall, Thoroughbred (1936) and Tall Timbers (1937).

## Biography

Leighton was born in Sydney and studied at St John's School, Darlinghurst, before winning a scholarship to Cleveland Boys High School. He was working for his father when he heard the theatrical firm J.C. Williamson Ltd were conducting voice trials at Her Majesty's Theatre. He auditioned and three months later was employed by the company in a production of The Lady of the Rose. He worked for Williamsons over the next 13 years, acting in dramas, comedies and musicals, including productions of Blue Roses, Hold My Hand, Our Miss Gibbs, The Quaker Girl, The Merry Widow and The Maid of the Mountains opposite Gladys Moncrieff. He understudied for visiting star William Feversham in a production of The Prince and the Pauper.
Leighton also acted in movies, starting with Two Minutes Silence (1933). His most notable credits were leading roles in Thoroughbred (1936) and Tall Timbers (1937) for Cinesound Productions. His co-star in Thoroughbred was Helen Twelvetrees with whom Ken G. Hall claims Leighton had an affair during filming.

### Later career

Leighton moved to London in 1937, where he mostly worked in theatre.
He declared bankruptcy in 1950.
Leighton died in 1962 of a brain hemmorage. He was on board the ship Canberra while returning to Australia from Britain. He was 56 years old and left behind a widow and six year old daughter.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1933 | Two Minutes Silence | | |
| 1934 | Operator 13 | Union Major | Uncredited |
| 1934 | Hide-Out | New Paree Cabaret Headwaiter | Uncredited |
| 1934 | Splendid Fellows | The Hon. Hurbert Montmorency | |
| 1936 | Thoroughbred | Tommy Dawson | |
| 1937 | Tall Timbers | Jim Thornton | |
| 1937 | The Last Chance | Alan Burmister | |
| 1938 | I See Ice | Ice Rink Manager | Uncredited |
| 1938 | It's in the Air | Pvt. Bob Bullock | |
| 1957 | The Shiralee | Fred, the Barman | |

### TV

* Five Bells for Logan (1961)
* Reunion Day (1962)

### Theatre

* The Lady of the Rose
* Blue Roses
* Hold My Hand
* Our Miss Gibbs
* Mr Cinders
* The Quaker Girl
* The Merry Widow
* Till, Darling
* The Prince and the Pauper
* My Lady's Dress
* Blue Mountain Melody (1934)
* The Fleet's Lit Up (1939)
* Dish Ran Away (1950) – Whitehall
# Varaždin Arena

The Varaždin Arena is a multi-use indoor arena in Varaždin, Croatia. It is used mostly for team handball, volleyball and basketball games. The stadium has a capacity of 5,000 and was officially opened on 6 December 2008. It was completed to be used as one of the venues during the 2009 World Men's Handball Championship hosted in Croatia. It hosted all the Group C matches which consisted of Germany, Macedonia, Algeria, Poland, and Russia.
The arena was also used to host the 2018 European Men's Handball Championship and will be hosting 2025 World Men's Handball Championship.
The arena has played host to various events other than sports, such as dancing championships, various expos, school affiliated events, circuses, auto-shows, and concerts. In its short history the arena hosted numerous artists such as: Đorđe Balašević, Zdravko Čolić, Limp Bizkit, Mišo Kovač, Dino Merlin, Plavi Orkestar, Gibonni, Bambi Molesters, Halid Bešlić, Crvena Jabuka and Parni Valjak.

## Concerts & events

* Tony Cetinski performed a concert during the Karlovačko Live 2012 - December 26, 2012
* Lijepom našom HRT television music show held the filming event - December 5, 2012
* Gregorian (band) performed a concert during their Epic Chants World Tour 2013 - April 5, 2013
* 2Cellos performed a concert - June 1, 2013
* Les Misérables (Jadnici) the musical was performed - September 27, 2013
* Severina Vučković performed a sold-out concert during her Dobrodošao u Klub Tour - November 8, 2013
* Goran Bregović performed a concert promoting his album Champagne for the Gypsies - November 30, 2013
* Klape i Tamburaši performed a joined concert - December 6, 2013
* Neno Belan & Fiumens held a Big Christmas concert - December 20, 2013

## Gallery

* Varaždin Arena ahead of the 2018 European Men's Handball Championship
* Varaždin Arena
# Dorothy Harrison

Dorothy Elizabeth Harrison (born 16 March 1950) is a retired English international swimmer.

## Swimming career

She represented Great Britain in the Olympic Games and European championships and won a bronze medal in the 200-metre breaststroke at the 1970 European Aquatics Championships. She competed in five breaststroke and medley relay events at the 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics; her best achievements were sixth place in the 4×100-metre medley relay in 1968 and eighth place in the 100-metre breaststroke in 1972. In the medley relay she competed with Margaret Auton, Wendy Burrell and Alexandra Jackson.
She also represented England and won three silver medals in the 100 and 200 metres breaststroke events and the 4 x 100 metres medley relay, at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland.
At the ASA National British Championships she won the 100 metres breaststroke title in 1971 and the 220 yards/200 metres breaststroke titles in 1969, 1970 and 1971.
# William Hotham (Royal Navy officer, born 1794)

Admiral William Hotham, KH (30 July 1794 – 22 February 1873) was a British Royal Navy officer.
He was born in Yorkshire, the eldest son of Lieutenant-Colonel George Hotham and Caroline Gee. He joined the Royal Navy at the age of 10, initially serving under the command of his uncle, Admiral William Hotham, GCB.
From 1805 to 1814 he served on the Mediterranean Station and was present at the capture of Capri and the Siege of Gaeta in 1806. He was then involved in the disastrous Walcheren Campaign of 1809 and the Siege of Cádiz in 1810, taking part in the defence of the nearby Fort Matagorda.
In 1811 he was posted to the Adriatic and promoted lieutenant the following year. There he took part in the capture of Fiume on 3 July 1813, the storming and capture of the fortress of Farasina, and the capture of the arsenal at Trieste. For the next year he commanded a small fleet which operated on the River Po assisting the Austrian Army and was promoted commander in 1814.
In January 1836 Hotham was made a Knight of the Royal Guelphic Order (KH) and retired in October 1846. He was advanced on the Retired List to the rank of retired vice-admiral in 1858 and retired admiral in 1863.
He died unmarried in York in 1873 and is buried in York Cemetery.
# Chloric acid

Chloric acid, HClO$_3$, is an oxoacid of chlorine, and the formal precursor of chlorate salts. It is a strong acid (pK$_a$ ≈ −2.7) and an oxidizing agent.

## Properties

Chloric acid is thermodynamically unstable with respect to disproportionation.
Chloric acid is stable in cold aqueous solution up to a concentration of approximately 30%, and solution of up to 40% can be prepared by careful evaporation under reduced pressure. Above these concentrations, chloric acid solutions decompose to give a variety of products, for example:
    8 HClO$_3$ → 4 HClO$_4$ + 2 H$_2$O + 2 Cl$_2$ + 3 O$_2$
    3 HClO$_3$ → HClO$_4$ + H$_2$O + 2 ClO$_2$

## Hazards

Chloric acid is a powerful oxidizing agent. Most organics and flammables will deflagrate on contact.

## Production

It may be produced from barium chlorate through its reaction with sulfuric acid, which results in a solution of chloric acid and insoluble barium sulfate precipitate:
    Ba(ClO$_3$)$_2$ + H$_2$SO$_4$ → 2 HClO$_3$ + BaSO$_4$
The chlorate must be dissolved in boiling water and the acid should be somewhat diluted in water and heated before mixing.
Another method which can be used to produce solutions up to 10% concentration is by the use of cation exchange resins and a soluble salt such as NaClO$_3$, where the Na+ cation will exchange with H+.
Another method is the heating of hypochlorous acid, producing chloric acid and hydrogen chloride:
    3 HClO → HClO$_3$ + 2 HCl
Any way it is produced, the acid may be concentrated up to 40% in a vacuum dessicator over H$_2$SO$_4$.
# Požeginja

Požeginja (Montenegrin and Serbian Cyrillic: Пожегиња) is a small village in the municipality of Bijelo Polje, Montenegro.

## Demographics

According to the 2003 census, the village had a population of 66 people.
According to the 2011 census, its population was 42.
Ethnicity in 2011 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Serbs | 36 | 85.7% |
| Montenegrins | 6 | 14.3% |
| Total | 42 | 100% |
# Mvezo

Mvezo is a small village on the banks of the Mbashe River, not far from Mthatha in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. The village is mainly known as being the birthplace of Nelson Mandela, the former president of South Africa and whose family serves as its chiefly dynasty, and the location of the Nelson Mandela Birthplace Museum.
Transport
Airport : The nearest airports to Mvezo are Port Elizabeth Airport, Mthata Airport , Lanseria Airport and East London Airport
Road : The nearest city to Mvezo is East London distance from East London to Mvezo is 198 kilometres .
# George Barnes (Georgia politician)

George Thomas Barnes (August 14, 1833 – October 24, 1901) was a Georgia state legislator, military officer, and United States Representative.

## Biography

Barnes was born in the Summerville suburb of Augusta, Georgia. He graduated from the University of Georgia (UGA) in Athens in 1855 with a Bachelor of Arts (A.B. degree. He was admitted to the state bar in 1855 and became a practicing lawyer in Augusta.
During the American Civil War, Barnes served as a second lieutenant and major brevet in the Confederate States Army as a member of the Washington Light Artillery Company. He was also a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1860 through 1865. From 1876 through 1884, Barnes served on the Democratic National Committee.
In 1884, Barnes was elected as a Democrat to the 49th United States Congress as the Representative for Georgia's 10th congressional district. He was re-elected to that position for two additional terms before losing his bid for reelection in 1890. After his congressional service, Barnes returned to the practice of law. Barnes was a UGA trustee for the last two years of his life before dying in Augusta on October 24, 1901. He was buried in City Cemetery in that same city.
# Ron Richmond

Ronald Ray Richmond (April 1, 1941 – December 22, 2022) was an American politician and lawyer from Florida.

## Early life, education and military service

Richmond was born in Linton, Indiana. He graduated from Florida State University with a Bachelor of Arts in 1962 and from the Stetson College of Law with a Juris Doctor in 1969. He is a veteran of the United States Air Force.

## Career

Richmond served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1972 to 1984, as a Republican representing the 37th and 49th districts. He also served a stint as minority leader.
He practiced law in Tallahassee, Florida.

## Personal life

He and his wife Eileen have two children.
# The Checklist Manifesto

The Checklist Manifesto: How to Get Things Right is a December 2009 non-fiction book by Atul Gawande. It was released on December 22, 2009, through Metropolitan Books and focuses on the use of checklists in relation to several elements of daily and professional life. The book looks at the use of checklists in the business world and the medical profession, with Gawande examining how they can be used for greater efficiency, consistency and safety. Gawande stated he was inspired to write The Checklist Manifesto after reading a story about a young child who survived a fall into a frozen pond and discovering that the physician who saved her relied heavily on checklists.
Critical reception for the book has been mostly positive, with Newsday calling it "thoughtfully written". The Seattle Times also gave a positive review.
The book builds on, and references, the work done by the Safe Surgery Saves Lives Study Group that was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in January 2009.
# Edna Gross

Edna Gross (12 December 1910 – 18 September 1999) was a British gymnast. She competed in the women's artistic team all-around event at the 1936 Summer Olympics. She was also a coach for the gymnast team at the 1960 Summer Olympics. She later became the President of the Croydon School of Gymnastics, with their top award named in her honour.
# Kiyamachi Street

Kiyamachi Street (木屋町通, Kiyamachidōri) is a historical street in Kyoto, Japan, running north–south. It runs between Kiyamachi Nijō and Kiyamachi Shichijō on the eastern side of the Takase River near the Kamo River. There also runs Nishi-Kiyamachi Street on the western side of Takase River between Sanjō and Shichijō. It was constructed with the excavation of Takase River in the Edo period. Kiya is an old Japanese word which means woods stores. In 1895 a tram started to run between Kiyamachi Nijō and Kiyamachi Gojō. The tram line was moved to Kawaramachi Street in 1920s.

## History

Ryoui Suminokura began his excavation of Takase River at Nijoukirimachi (present day Kamikorikichou) in 1611 during the Keichou Era (1596 - 1615). At the time, the road was called Korikichou Street.
At the beginning of the Edo period, charcoal and lumber from Osaka and Kyoto were loaded on boats and brought to the area to be put in storehouses, which lined the river. Thus the area was called Kiyamachi. Zaimokumachi, Kamiyamachi, Nabeyamachi, Komeyamachi, and other towns still remain in the area around Kiyamachi, each of which was named for the products they dealt in. According to topographical records in 1762 of the Houreki era, the area from Kitanijou Street to Minamigojou was defined as Kiyamachi.
In the middle of the Edo era in the 18th century, because of an influx of travellers and merchants in the area, the appearance of the street changed and restaurants, inns, and bars were established. At the end of the Edo era, the town served as a secret meeting place for loyalists of the emperor such as Ryouma Sakamoto, Takayoshi Kido, Masujirou Oomura, Seiishiro Honma, and Shouzan Sakuma. Monuments were placed in the downtown area to commemorate these loyalists.
In 1895 of the Meiji period, a street car line was built which ran from Nijou to Gojou. In the 1920s, due to the expansion of Kawaramachi Street, it became known as the Kawaramachi Line.

## Current State

Cherry blossom trees have been planted along the river and a sidewalk has been laid along the street. Further improvements are being made to the road.
Around Sanjou Street and Shijou Street, there are tea and coffee shops, bars, and restaurants offering not only Japanese food but food from various countries. Because of the increase in entertainment, measures are being taken to maintain public order.
As of 2003, the district of Kiyamachi has been designated a beautifully developed community of importance in Kyoto.
# Hypofluorous acid

Hypofluorous acid, chemical formula HOF, is the only known oxyacid of fluorine and the only known oxoacid in which the main atom gains electrons from oxygen to create a negative oxidation state. The oxidation state of the oxygen in this acid (and in the hypofluorite ion OF$^−$ and in its salts called hypofluorites) is 0, while its valence is 2. It is also the only hypohalous acid that can be isolated as a solid. HOF is an intermediate in the oxidation of water by fluorine, which produces hydrogen fluoride, oxygen difluoride, hydrogen peroxide, ozone and oxygen. HOF is explosive at room temperature, forming HF and O$_2$:
    2 HOF → 2 HF + O$_2$
This reaction is catalyzed by water.
It was isolated in the pure form by passing F$_2$ gas over ice at −40 °C, rapidly collecting the HOF gas away from the ice, and condensing it:
    F$_2$ + H$_2$O → HOF + HF
The compound has been characterized in the solid phase by X-ray crystallography as a bent molecule with an angle of 101°. The O–F and O–H bond lengths are 144.2 and 96.4 picometres, respectively. The solid framework consists of chains with O–H···O linkages. The structure has also been analyzed in the gas phase, a state in which the H–O–F bond angle is slightly narrower (97.2°).
Thiophene chemists commonly call a solution of hypofluorous acid in acetonitrile (generated in situ by passing gaseous fluorine through water in acetonitrile) Rozen's reagent.

## Difference from other hypohalous acids

The formal oxidation state of oxygen in hypofluorous acid and hypofluorite is 0; the same oxidation state found in molecular oxygen. In most oxygen compounds, including the other hypohalous acids, oxygen takes on a state of -2. The oxygen (0) atom is the root of hypofluorous acid's strength as an oxidizer, in contrast to the halogen (+1) atom in other hypohalic acids.
This alters the acid's chemistry. Where reduction of a general hypohalous acid reduces the halogen atom and yields the corresponding elemental halogen gas,
    2 HOX + 2 H$^+$ + 2 e$^−$ → 2 H$_2$O + X$_2$
reduction of hypofluorous acid instead reduces the oxygen atom and yields fluoride directly.
    HOF + H$^+$ + 2 e$^−$ → H$_2$O + F$^−$
Unlike other hypohalous acids, HOF is a weaker oxidant than elemental fluorine.

## Hypofluorites

Hypofluorites are formally derivatives of OF$^−$, which is the conjugate base of hypofluorous acid. One example is trifluoromethyl hypofluorite (CF$_3$OF), which is a trifluoromethyl ester of hypofluorous acid. The conjugate base is known in salts such as lithium hypofluorite.
# Lewis Parker (politician)

Lewis Wardlaw "Lew" Parker Jr. (June 30, 1928 – January 29, 2011) from South Hill, Virginia was a politician and former Democratic member of the Virginia House of Delegates. He represented the 61st district, which included parts of Amelia, Brunswick, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, Nottoway, and Prince Edward counties. He held the seat from his first election in 1972 to his defeat for re-election in 1993.