OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Order of Cultural Merit (Monaco)

The Order of Cultural Merit (French: Ordre du Mérite culturel; Monégasque: U̍rdine d’u Me̍ritu Cürtürale) is the fourth highest Order of the Principality of Monaco. The order was established by Rainier III, Prince of Monaco on 31 December 1952 by Sovereign Order 689. It is awarded to recognize those who have made a distinctive contribution to the arts, letters or science through their work or teaching in Monaco. It may also be awarded to recognize individuals in those areas who have extended the intellectual influence of the Principality, even from outside Monaco.

## Insignia

The order is presented in three different grades: Commander, Officer, and Knight. Each grade's insignia share certain characteristics. The badge of the Order consists of a round medallion, framed by a laurel wreath and suspended by the Heraldic Crown of Monaco. The obverse of the medallion contains the monogram of Prince Rainier III, formed by two mirrored "R"s, surrounded by the inscription "Principauté de Monaco 1952". The reverse depicts an arrangement of objects symbolizing the arts and sciences, a lyre, books, compass, etc. On the upper right is the inscription "Arts Lettres Sciences". The medallions are suspended from a ribbon of red with a line of white lozenges in the center. This design is likely inspired by the Monegasque flag variant which is described in the language of heraldry as "lozengy argent and gules". The commander's badge is gold and is worn suspended from the neck. The officers badge, made of silver, is worn on a ribbon with a rosette suspended from the left chest. The knight's badge, made of bronze, is worn suspended by a plain ribbon from the left chest.

## Notable recipients

* 1997 – James DePreist (Officer)
* 1997 – Laurent Petitgirard (Officer)
* 1999 – Cecilia Bartoli (Commander)
* 1999 – Hélène Carrère d'Encausse (Commander)
* 1999 – Plácido Domingo (Commander)
* 1999 – Alain Peyrefitte (Commander)
* 1999 – Ruggero Raimondi (Commander)
* 1999 – Mstislav Rostropovich (Commander)
* 1999 – Salvatore Accardo
* 2003 – Luciano Pavarotti (Commander)
* 2003 – Francis Perrin (Officer)
* 2004 – Tahar Ben Jelloun (Commander)
* 2004 – Michel Boujenah (Officer)
* 2005 – Sacha Sosno (Commander)
* 2005 – Ernest Pignon-Ernest (Officer)
* 2006 – Robert Hossein (Commander)
* 2007 – Pierre Cardin (Commander)
* 2007 – Yves Coppens (Commander)
* 2007 – Frédéric Mitterrand (Officer)
* 2008 – Danielle Darrieux (Knight)
* 2008 – Jean Piat (Knight)
* 2008 – Jean-Marie Rouart (Commander)
* 2010 – Jean-Louis Grinda (Knight)
* 2011 – Élisabeth Badinter (Commander)
* 2011 – Henry de Lumley (Commander)
* 2012 – Gilles Kepel (Officer)
* 2012 – Bruno Racine (Knight)
* 2013 – Irina Bokova (Officer)
* 2014 – Jean-Christophe Maillot (Commander)
* 2014 – Amin Maalouf (Officer)
* 2015 – Bernice Coppieters
* 2015 – Vladimir Medinsky (Commander)
* 2017 – Philippe Rahm (Knight)
* 2018 – Jean-Jacques Aillagon (Commander)
* 2018 – Marcus Miller (Officer)
* 2019 – Manu Katché (Knight)
* 2019 – Maxim Vengerov (Knight)
* 2024 – Charlotte Casiraghi (Knight)
# Karreh Dar

Karreh Dar (Persian: كره در) is a village in Fahlian Rural District, in the Central District of Mamasani County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 47, in 18 families.
# Warley (footballer, born 1999)

Warley Leandro da Silva (born 17 September 1999), simply known as Warley, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a right back and winger for Erovnuli Liga club Torpedo Kutaisi.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 6 February 2022.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | State league | State league | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Santa Cruz | 2019 | Série C | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| CSA (loan) | 2019 | Série A | 13 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 13 | 0 |
| Botafogo | 2020 | Série A | 16 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 19 | 1 |
| Botafogo | 2021 | Série B | 33 | 3 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 48 | 5 |
| Botafogo | Total | Total | 49 | 4 | 14 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 67 | 6 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 70 | 4 | 14 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 90 | 6 |
* ↑ Appearances in the Copa do Nordeste
* 1 2 Appearances in the Campeonato Carioca
* 1 2 Appearances in the Copa do Brasil

## Honours
### Botafogo

* Campeonato Brasileiro Série B: 2021

### Coritiba

* Campeonato Paranaense: 2022

### Ceará

* Copa do Nordeste: 2023
# Parkside, Hunslet

53°46′11″N 1°32′32″W﻿ / ﻿53.769610°N 1.542270°W﻿ / 53.769610; -1.542270 Parkside was a rugby league stadium in Hunslet, Leeds, England. It was home to Hunslet F.C. rugby league club and the source of their nickname, the Parksiders.
Hunslet now play at the South Leeds Stadium which is less than half a mile from the former site of Parkside.

## The stadium

Adjacent to the rugby pitch, there was a bowling green and a cricket ground. Parkside's surface had the reputation as being the best in the game and was often used by touring Australian teams as a training ground.
The Mother Benson’s End was named after the old lady who washed the players’ kit and lived in one of the Low Fold farm cottages which were situated at that end of the ground.

## History

Hunslet purchased at little cost 10.25 acres (41,500 m$^2$) of waste land at Hunslet Carr from the Low Moor Iron and Coal Company and had to shift 2,000 tons of rubbish to create what would become Parkside, which they moved to in 1888.
The first game at Parkside was played on 11 February 1888, when they played and beat Mirfield.
The stand from Woodhouse Hill was re-erected at Parkside. A pavilion was built in 1901.
In 1959 Hunslet Cricket Club left Parkside and the cricket pitch became Hunslet's training ground.
Parkside's stand was burned down by vandals in 1971. Parkside was sold off to an industrial developer for around £300,000 in 1972. The last game at Parkside was on 21 April 1973 against York. Hunslet F.C. was dissolved a few months afterwards. Parkside was demolished and New Hunslet became tenants at the Elland Road Greyhound Stadium.

## Rugby League Tour Matches

Other than Hunslet club games, Parkside also saw Hunslet play host to international touring teams from Australia (sometimes playing as Australasia) from 1908–1963.
| Game | Date | Result | Attendance | Notes |
| 1 | 7 November 1908 | Hunslet F.C. drew with New Zealand 11–11 | | 1907–08 All Golds tour |
| 2 | 7 November 1908 | Australia def. Hunslet F.C. 12–11 | 6,000 | 1908–09 Kangaroo tour |
| 3 | 22 October 1911 | Hunslet F.C. drew with Australasia 3–3 | 4,000 | 1911–12 Kangaroo tour |
| 4 | 2 January 1922 | Australasia def. Hunslet F.C. 19–10 | 3,174 | 1921–22 Kangaroo tour |
| 5 | 25 December 1929 | Hunslet F.C. def. Australia 18–3 | 12,000 | 1929–30 Kangaroo tour |
| 6 | 18 October 1933 | Australia def. Hunslet F.C. 22–18 | 6,227 | 1933–34 Kangaroo tour |
| 7 | 22 October 1952 | Australia def. Hunslet F.C. 49–2 | 3,273 | 1952–53 Kangaroo tour |
| 8 | 21 November 1956 | Australia def. Hunslet F.C. 27–11 | 4,451 | 1956–57 Kangaroo tour |
| 9 | 5 December 1959 | Australia def. Hunslet F.C. 12–11 | 8,061 | 1959–60 Kangaroo tour |
| 10 | 23 October 1963 | Australia def. Hunslet F.C. 17–14 | 4,400 | 1963–64 Kangaroo tour |
# ASTRA (reactor)

ASTRA (Adaptierter Schwimmbecken-Typ-Reaktor Austria, English translation: Adapted swimming pool-type reactor Austria) was a type of nuclear research reactor built in Seibersdorf, Austria near Vienna, at the site of the former Austrian Reactor Center Seibersdorf which now forms part of the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT). ASTRA operated from 1960 to 1999.

## Timeline

| September 1960 | 100kW (initial criticality) |
| May 1962 | 1MW |
| August 1962 | 5MW |
| August 1969 | 6MW |
| 1972 | 7MW |
| January 1975 | 8MW |
| ~1989 | 9.5MW |
| 1999 | decommissioned |

## Research

One of the most advanced experiments in physics carried out at the ASTRA reactor was an experiment on the decay of free neutrons. In this experiment, the electron-neutrino angular correlation in free neutron decay was measured via the shape of the energy spectrum of the recoil protons; the center of a highly evacuated tangential beam tube of the reactor served as neutron source.
The aim was to determine the ratio of the two coupling constants g$_A$ and g$_V$ of the weak interaction from the shape of the recoil proton spectrum. This spectrum was measured using an electrostatic spectrometer; the protons were counted using an ion electron converter of the coincidence type.
The result was |g$_A$/g$_V$| = 1.259 ± 0.017. This is in good agreement with the later (much more accurate) average g$_A$/g$_V$ = - 1.2695 ± 0.0029; this value was measured using polarised neutrons and hence contains also the sign of the ratio.

## Literature

* R. Dobrozemsky: Production of a Clean Neutron Gas for Decay and Scattering Experiments. In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods. 118 (1974) 1–37.
# James Hanley (painter)

James Hanley (born 1965) is an Irish painter and designer.

## Life and work

Hanley graduated from University College Dublin in 1987 with a degree in History of Art and English, and from the National College of Art and Design in 1991 with a bachelor's degree in Fine Art Painting. He works in a naturalistic style and has exhibited widely in his native Ireland.
In 1996, Hanley visited Bosnia and Croatia with the Irish Defence Forces, conducting research ahead of producing a painting to commemorate Ireland's leadership of the European Union Monitoring Mission in the former Yugoslavia; the resulting picture hangs in the military college at the Curragh Camp. In 2006 he designed a coin to mark the 175th anniversary of the Irish Office of Public Works and in 2007, he was the artist in residence at the Centre cultural irlandais de Paris. He was commissioned by the Irish post office to design three Christmas stamps for 2008. He also painted the official portrait of Taoiseach Bertie Ahern, the second term portrait of President of Ireland Mary McAleese, and a picture for the centenary of the Abbey Theatre.
He has lectured and taught painting and drawing classes regularly at the National Gallery of Ireland since 1990, and lectured part time at the National College of Art and Design from 1995 to 1998.

### Holdings

Hanley's work is held by the National Gallery of Ireland, the Irish Museum of Modern Art, and in the collections of the Office of Public Works and the Arts Council, from which it can be loaned to Irish State offices and agencies. Works are also held by his alma mater, UCD, by the University of Limerick, AIB Bank and the Irish National Lottery.

## Other roles and recognition

Hanley has say on the Board of Governors of the National Gallery of Ireland and is a member of Aosdána, and also a member and past Secretary of the Royal Hibernian Academy.

## Personal life

Hanley is married to Órla Dukes, and lives in Dublin. He attended secondary school at Terenure College, Dublin.
# Patsy Dan Rodgers

Patsy Dan Rodgers (Patsaí Dan Mag Ruaidhrí) was a painter, musician, and the King of Tory from the 1990s until his death in 2018.

## Biography

Rodgers was born in 1944 on Westland Row, Dublin. His family adopted him and took him to Tory when he was about four years of age. His paintings have been exhibited worldwide. As a youth Derek Hill had personally inspired him to paint during Hill's visits to Tory, and he was also devoted to music and his native language. The musical instrument with which he was most associated was the button accordion. He often sported a black seafarer's cap.
During the 1970s and 1980s, he steadfastly opposed the relocation of Tory's inhabitants to the Irish mainland. The Kingship of Tory was granted him during the 1990s when the children of his predecessor, Padraig Óg Rodgers, endorsed him for the position, and for more than two decades Rodgers often personally welcomed visitors arriving in Tory in his native tongue. He also performed ambassadorial duties when abroad. While visiting nearby in May 2016, Charles III expressed the wish to one day visit Tory and meet Rodgers, but he never did.
In 1997, Rodgers received an honorary master's degree from the University of Ulster.
Rodgers resided at West Town. He died on 19 October 2018 in the Mater Hospital in Dublin at the age of 74. His remains were flown back to Tory, where he was buried following a funeral ceremony attended by various dignitaries from neighbouring lands.
Rodgers was survived by his three daughters, one son, and two grandchildren.
# Vyg

The Vyg (Russian: Выг; Karelian: Uikujoki) is a river in the Republic of Karelia, Russia. It consists of the Upper Vyg which is 135 kilometres (84 mi) long and discharges into Lake Vygozero, and the Lower Vyg, which is 102 kilometres (63 mi) long and flows from Vygozero and discharges into Onega Bay of the White Sea near Belomorsk.
The Upper Vyg flows through several small lakes in a swampy land. The Lower Vyg is a part of the White Sea–Baltic Canal and is controlled by several dams.
Neolithic petroglyphs have been found [ru] on islands of Vyg near its mouth.
There were famous raskolnik monasteries along Vyg and its tributary Leksa [ru], notably the Vyg River Hermitage [ru] (also Vygoretskaya Hermitage)
# Michigan Education Association

The Michigan Education Association (MEA), headquartered in East Lansing, Michigan, is a labor union representing more than 157,000 teachers, faculty and education support staff throughout the state. Usually referred to as a “teachers' union” its membership also includes college faculty, public school custodians, bus drivers, and paraprofessionals, among others. It represents people working in neighborhood public schools, those in charter schools as well as school employees working for private companies.
While MEA works to serve its members’ employment goals, it also promotes public education. It sees these goals as closely related. Through policies put in place by its elected Board of Directors, MEA advocates for policies it judges to be best for student success, for civil rights and for the quality of life for all. Like other public sector unions, the MEA has come under fire in recent years for its defense of teacher employment protections. Controversy over the role of the MEA is part of a wider debate on the structure and funding of public education in Michigan and around the United States.

## History

MEA was founded in 1852 as the Michigan State Teachers Association, five years before the National Education Association was organized, becoming the Michigan Education Association in 1926.
In 1937 the MEA's governing body, the Representative Assembly, authorized the development of a group hospitalization program. This was one of the first such health care programs in the United States. Two years later, the Hoosier Casualty Company provided coverage for MEA members, administrated by local insurance agent Herman Henkel.
Michigan law forbade the MEA from acting as an agent for its members, so when Henkel retired in 1960, it was decided that a separate non-profit corporation would serve this function, and Michigan Education Special Services Association (MESSA) was born. 10,000 MEA members were enrolled at the time.
Tax-exempt under IRS 501(c)(9), MESSA qualified as a “voluntary employees’ beneficiary association” and could therefore offer group term life, health, and dental coverages, among others, to its members.
When the Michigan bargaining law was enacted in 1965, public school employees were able to organize into local bargaining units to negotiate salary, benefits and other working conditions. Insurance became a bargainable issue. In 1984, MEA merged with the Michigan Educational Support Personnel, making MEA one of the first state associations to represent both teachers and other school personnel. In 2007, MEA membership exceeded 160,000.
# Baarin Mongolian

Baarin (Mongolian ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ Baɣarin, Chinese 巴林 Bālín) is a dialect of Mongolian spoken mainly in Inner Mongolia.

## Location and classification

Baarin is spoken in the Baarin Right Banner, Baarin Left Banner, Ar Khorchin Banner and Ongniud Banner of Ulanhad and in the Jirin Banner of Tongliao in Inner Mongolia. It has been grouped together with Khorchin and Kharchin or as an intermediate variant between these two on the one hand and Chakhar, Khalkha and Ordos on the other hand. On the other hand, it is part of Southern Mongolian as far as its Standard language is concerned and has therefore been grouped into such a variety as well.

## Phonology

Baarin has the short vowel phonemes /ɑ, ə, i, ɔ, ʊ, o, u, ɛ, œ, ʏ, y/ and the corresponding long vowels. The consonant phonemes are /m, n, ŋ, p, pʰ, t, tʰ, tʃ, tʃʰ, x, k, s, ʃ, l, j, r, w/. That is, as in Khalkha and Khorchin, the basic phonation contrast in plosives and affricates is based on aspiration, not on voicedness. This even includes /k/. In contrast to Khalkha and akin to Khorchin, palatalized consonants have already lost their phoneme status and conveyed it to the new vowel phonemes /ɛ, œ, ʏ, y/.

## Morphology

The accusative takes the form /i/, e.g. /xəli/ 'language-Acc'. The genitive, on the other hand, tends to contain one /n/, but it is still based on /i/. Due to this, homophony with the accusative can occur in a few cases, e.g. ternə (accusative and genitive of the distal demonstrative), but not əni (proximal accusative) vs. ənni (proximal genitive). There is no allative and no cognate of the old sociative case, but an additional case in -tar < dotura 'inside' with fairly narrow meaning has been assumed.
# Seddera

Seddera is a genus of flowering plants in the bindweed family Convolvulaceae.
There are currently 28 known species. Although it is mainly African, the plant extends to Arabia and India.

## Species

The following species are recognised in the genus Seddera:
* Seddera arabica (Forssk.) Choisy
* Seddera bagshawei Rendle
* Seddera bracteata Verdc.
* Seddera capensis (E.Mey. ex Choisy) Hallier f.
* Seddera cinerea Hutch. & E.A.Bruce
* Seddera erlangeriana Engl. & Pilg.
* Seddera evolvuloides (Choisy) Wight
* Seddera glomerata (Balf.f.) O.Schwartz
* Seddera hadramautica R.R.Mill
* Seddera hallieri Engl. & Pilg.
* Seddera hirsuta Dammer ex Hallier f.
* Seddera humilis Hallier f.
* Seddera intermedia Hochst. & Steud.
* Seddera latifolia Hochst. & Steud.
* Seddera madagascariensis Deroin & Sebsebe
* Seddera micrantha Pilg.
* Seddera namibica Sebsebe
* Seddera ogadenensis Sebsebe
* Seddera pedunculata (Balf.f.) Verdc.
* Seddera repens Hallier f.
* Seddera retusa R.R.Mill
* Seddera rhodantha R.R.Mill
* Seddera schizantha Hallier f.
* Seddera secundiflora Jaub. & Spach
* Seddera simmonsii Verdc.
* Seddera suffruticosa (Schinz) Hallier f.
* Seddera velutina R.R.Mill
* Seddera virgata Hochst. & Steud.

### Formerly placed here

* Convolvulus semhaensis (R.R.Mill) J.A.Luna & Carine (as Seddera semhaensis R.R.Mill)
# Thomas H. Hughes

Thomas Hurst Hughes (January 10, 1769 – November 10, 1839) was an 18th- and 19th-century American businessman and politician who served two terms as a U.S. Representative from New Jersey from 1829 to 1833.

## Biography

Born in the Cold Spring section of Lower Township, New Jersey, on January 10, 1769, Hughes attended the public schools. He moved to Cape May City in 1800 and engaged in the mercantile business.
In 1816 he built Congress Hall in Cape May, which he managed for many years. He also served as sheriff of Cape May County from 1801 to 1804.

### New Jersey Legislature

Hughes was a member of the New Jersey General Assembly from 1805 to 1807, in 1809, 1812, and 1813; and a member of the New Jersey Legislative Council (now the New Jersey Senate) from 1819 to 1823 and in 1824 and 1825.

## Congress

He was elected as an Anti-Jacksonian candidate to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, serving in office from March 4, 1829 to March 3, 1833. As he was not a candidate for renomination in 1832.

## After Congress

He resumed the hotel business, dying in Cold Spring on November 10, 1839. His interment is in the Cold Spring Presbyterian Cemetery.

## Sources

* Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byEbenezer Tucker | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Jersey's at-large congressional district 1829–1833 | Succeeded byFerdinand S. Schenck |
* This article about a New Jersey politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Thomas C. Salamone

Thomas C. Salamone (March 28, 1927 – April 15, 2014) was an American politician and businessman.
Born in Waterbury, Connecticut, Salamone served in the United States Navy during World War II and went to Post University. He owned Salamone Insurance Agency. Salamone served in the Connecticut House of Representatives, from Wolcott, Connecticut, as a Democrat, from 1963 until 1971.
# Alainius

Alainius crosnieri is a species of squat lobster in the monotypic genus Alainius in the family Galatheidae.
# Greenwood Cemetery Chapel

Greenwood Cemetery Chapel is an historic building in Muscatine, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 2001.

## History

The chapel was a given to the city of Muscatine by a local businessman and philanthropist, Peter Musser, as a gift in memory of his wife Tamson. It was designed by Muscatine architect Henry W. Zeidler, who also designed Hotel Tipton in Tipton, Iowa, and built by J.E. Howe who was also from Muscatine. The chapel was dedicated on May 12, 1901. Musser also donated the statue of Hope that was placed near the entrance of the chapel. He commissioned Becke and Wilson, a Muscatine marble works company, to create the statue in 1902. A second tower was added to the structure in 1912.

## Architecture

The Richardsonian Romanesque chapel is composed of two wings that are connected by a porte-cochere. It features a rough-faced asymmetrical facade, recessed windows, alternating bands of brick and stone, high gabled roofs, and wide arches located over the windows and doors.
A bell tower, part of the original structure, is located on the corner of the front-gabled east wing. A small tower was added to the west wing. The chapel is used for funeral services, seats 100 people, and is located in the east wing. The west wing contains office space.
# Pryśniewo

Pryśniewo is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Wejherowo, within Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Wejherowo and 44 km (27 mi) north-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Mount Archer, Queensland (Rockhampton Region)

Mount Archer is a suburb of Rockhampton and a mountain in the Rockhampton Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Mount Archer had a population of 77 people.

## Geography

The mountain is 604 metres (1,982 ft) high, and forms part of the Berserker Range. The Mount Archer National Park surrounds the mountain. Mount Archer is located within the boundaries of the city of Rockhampton. The summit is accessible by a sealed road, Pilbeam Drive, which leads to the upmarket small suburb of Mount Archer, located just below the summit. Lookouts and picnic areas are located on the summit of the mountain, as well as a number of communications towers.

## History

The mountain was named in 1859 by surveyor Clarendon Stuart after the Archer brothers who established a pastoral property at Gracemere in 1854.

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, Mount Archer had a population of 85 people.
In the 2021 census, Mount Archer had a population of 77 people.

## Education

There are no schools in Mount Archer. The nearest government primary school is Frenchville State School in neighbouring Frenchville to the south-west. The nearest government secondary school is North Rockhampton Stat High School, also in neighbouring Frenchville.
Despite the name, Mount Archer State School is not located on the mountain, but in the suburb of Koongal.