# Ardulfurataini

"Arḍu l-Furātayni" (Arabic: أرض الفراتين, lit. 'Land of the Euphrates'), also known as the "Land of The Two Rivers", "Ardulfurataini Watan" or "Ardulfurataini", was the national anthem of Iraq from 1981 to 2003, during the Ba'athist regime of Saddam Hussein.

## History

National anthems of Iraq :
| "As-Salam al-Malaki" | 1932–1958 |
| "Mawtini (1958)" | 1958–1965 |
| "Walla Zaman Ya Selahy" | 1965–1981 |
| "Ardh ul-Furatayn" | 1981–2003 |
| "Mawtini (1958)" | 2003–2004 |
| "Mawtini (1934)" | 2004–present |
vte :
It was adopted in 1981, written by Shafiq al-Kamali (who died in 1984) with music by Walid Georges Gholmieh.
The lyrics make mention of important people in Iraqi history, such as Saladin, Harun al-Rashid, and al-Muthanna ibn Haritha, with the last verse extolling Ba'athism.
In shortened performances, the chorus was played twice, preceded by an instrumental introduction. Other abridged performances had the chorus twice, then the first verse once, concluding with the chorus performed twice. In full performances, the chorus was sung first twice, then each verse once with the chorus repeated twice in between, then the chorus sung again twice at the end.
After the ousting of Saddam Hussein's Ba'athist regime in 2003, the former national anthem of Iraq from the late 1950s and early 1960s, "Mawtini" (not to be confused with the current Iraqi national anthem of the same name) was reintroduced on a provisional basis. That was replaced in 2004 by the new Iraqi government with a new national anthem, also called "Mawtini", which is currently in use today.

## Lyrics

| Arabic | Transliteration | English translation |
| :كورال 𝄇 وَطَنٌ مَدَّ عَلَى الْأُفْقِ جَنَاحَا وَارْتَدٰى مَجْدَ الْحَضَارَاتِ وِشَاحَا بُوْرِكَتْ أَرْضُ الْفُرَاتَيْنِ وَطَنْ  عَبْقَرِيِّ الْمَجْدِ عَزْماً وَسَمَاحَا 𝄆 𝄇 هذه الأرض لهيبٌ وسنا وشموخٌ لا تُدَانِيه سَما 𝄆 جبل يسمو على هَامِ الدنا وسهولٌ جسَّدت فينا الإبا بابل فينا وآشور لنا وبنا التاريخ يَخْضَلُّ ضِيا نحن في الناس جمعنا وحدنا غضبة السيف وحلم الأنبياء 𝄇 حين أوقدنا رمال العُرْب ثورة وحملنا راية التحرير فكرة 𝄆 منذ أن لزَّ مُثنى الخيل مُهْره وصلاح الدين غطاها رِماحا كورال 𝄇 قسماً بالسيف والقول الأبي وصهيل الخيل عند الطلب 𝄆 إننا سور مداها الأرحب وهدير الشعب يوم النُّوَّب أورثتنا البِيْدُ رايات النبي والسجايا والشموخ اليعربي مَجِّدي، جَذْلَى، بلاد العرب نحن أشرقنا فيا شمس أغربي 𝄇 الجباه السُّمْرُ بِشْرٌ ومحبة وصمودٌ شقَّ للإنسان دربه 𝄆 أيها القائد للعلياء شعبه اجعل الآفاق للصولات ساحة كورال 𝄇 يا سرايا البعث يا أُسْدَ العرين يا شموخ العز والمجد التليد 𝄆 ازحفي كالهول للنصر المبين وابعثي في أرضنا عهد الرشيد نحن جيل البذل فجر الكادحين يا رحاب المجد عدنا من جديد أمة تبني بعزم لا يلين وشهيدٍ يقتفي خَطْوَ شهيد 𝄇 شعبنا الجبار زهو وانطلاق وقلاع العز يبنيها الرفاق 𝄆 دُمْتَ للعُرْبِ مَلاذاً يا عراق وشموساً تجعل الليل صباحا كورال | Kūrāl: 𝄆 Waṭanun maddā ʿalā l-ufqi janāḥā, Wa-irtaddā majda l-ḥadārāti wishāḥā, Būrikat arḍu l-Furātayni waṭan, ʿAbqarīya l-majd ʿazman wa-samāḥā. 𝄇 𝄆 Hathihi l-Arḍu lahibun wa sanā Wa shumūkhun lā tūdānihi samā 𝄇 Jabalun yasmū ʿalā hām l-Duna Wa suhūlun jāssādat fina l-iba Bābilu fina wa Āshūru lānā Wa bina t-tarikhu yakhdhallu ḍiya Naḥnu fin-nas jamāʿana waḥdana Ghādbātas sayfi wa ḥilm al-anbiya 𝄆 Ḥina awqādna rimal l-ūrbi thawrah Wa ḥāmalna rāyātat taḥriri fikrah 𝄇 Munthū an lazza muthānna l-khayli muhrah Wa Salāḥuddini ghāttāha rimaḥa Kūrāl 𝄆 Qasamān bis-sayfi wa l-qawli l-ābi Wa sahil l-khayli ʿind t-talābi 𝄇 Innana sūrū ḥimāha l-arḥabi Wa hadiru sh-shaʿāb yawmal nuwwabi Awrathatna r-rīḥu rayāt n-nabi Wa s-sajāyā wa sh-shūmūkh l-yaʿarubi Majjidī, jathla, bilada l-ʿarabi Naḥnu āshrāqna fa ya shams ughrubi 𝄆 Al-jibahū s-sumrū bishrūn wa-maḥabba Wa sūmudūn shāqqa li-linsāni darbāh 𝄇 Ayyuha l-qaʿidu lil-ʿalyaa'i shʿabah Ija'āli l-āfāq lis-sawlati sāḥa Kūrāl 𝄆 Ya sarāyā l-baʿathi ya usd l-ʿarin Ya shmūkh l-ʿIzi wa l-majd l-tālid 𝄇 Izāḥāfi kalhawli lin-nāsri l-mubin Wa-baʿathi fi Arḍina ʿahd r-Rāshid Nahnu jil l-ba'thi, fajru l-kadihin Ya riḥāb l-majdi ʿudna min jadid Ummatun tabni biʿazmin la yaliān Wa shahidin yaqtāfi khatwa shahid 𝄆 Shaʿabuna l-jabbaru zahwūn wa āntilāq Wa qilāʿu l-ʿizzi yabniha r-rifāq 𝄇 Dumta li-lʿurbi malāthan Ya ʿIrāq Wa shumūsan tajalu l-layl sabāḥā. Kūrāl | Chorus: 𝄆 A fatherland has extended its wings over the horizon, And wore the glory of civilizations as a garment Blessed be the land of the Euphrates A homeland of glorious determination and tolerance. 𝄇 𝄆 This homeland is made of flame and splendor And pride unmatched by the highest heaven. 𝄇 [It is] a mountain that rises above the tops of the world And a plain that embodies our pride. Babylon flows in our blood and Assyria is ours, And with us History [itself] radiates with light, We alone, from among mankind, combined [in possession] The anger of the sword and the patience of the prophets. 𝄆 When we ignited the sands of Arabs into a revolution And bore the flag of liberty as an ideology 𝄇 Since al-Muthanna of Horses charged And Saladin covered it with spears! Chorus 𝄆 We pledge by sword and the speech of pride And the neighing of horses when in duty 𝄇 We are the wall of its limitless range And the roarings of people in days of war We inherited the flags of the Prophet from desert And the Arabian nature and pride Glorify well the Land of the Arabs We have risen, oh Sun set 𝄆 The tanned foreheads are filled with laughter and love And firmness that cruised for humans their way 𝄇 O you who is leading his people to supreme elevation Make of the horizons our battlefields Chorus 𝄆 Oh company of the Ba'ath, you pride of lions, Oh pinnacle of pride and of inherited glory, 𝄇 Advance, like terror, to a certain victory And resurrect the time of al-Rashid in our land! We are a generation who give all and toil to the utmost. Oh expanse of glory, we have returned anew To a nation that we build with unyielding determination. And each martyr follows the footsteps of a former martyr. 𝄆 Our mighty nation is filled with pride and vigor And the comrades build the fortresses of glory. 𝄇 May you remain forever a refuge for all the Arabs, Oh Iraq And be as suns that turn night into day! Chorus |