OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John G. Patterson

John G. Patterson (September 3, 1831 – October 29, 1878) was an American politician.
Born on September 3, 1831, in Clinton County, Pennsylvania, to parents Robert Patterson and Eleanor Bowers, John Patterson was raised in Seneca County, Ohio, where his parents had moved when he was two years old. He attended and taught at the Republic Academy while working on the family farm in the summer. From 1854 to September 1856, when he passed the bar exam, Patterson read law with the Pennington & Lee firm in Tiffin. In June 1857, Patterson moved to Charles City, Iowa, where he established his own law firm. In 1861, Patterson and Samuel B. Starr began practicing law jointly.
Patterson was first elected to the Iowa Senate as a Republican in 1863. In the midst of his first term, he was redistricted from District 42 to District 43. In 1867, he won a full four-year term for District 43, serving until 1872.
Patterson died on October 29, 1878, in a construction trailer derailment on the Milwaukee Road, twelve miles west of Spencer, Iowa.
The town that is now Hull, Iowa, was originally named Pattersonville, to commemorate John G. Patterson.
# John W. Thompson (Iowa politician)

John W. Thompson (October 14, 1823 – August 11, 1883) was an American politician.
Thompson was born on October 14, 1823, in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania. He began his two-year teaching career at the age of nineteen, and thereafter studied law with Thomas P. Campbell in the borough of Huntingdon for an additional two-year period. Thereafter, from 1847, Thompson began his own legal practice in Williamsburg and Hollidaysburg.
In the 1844 United States presidential election, Thompson cast his vote for Whig Party candidate Henry Clay. Thompson began traveling westward in 1854, settled in Davenport, Iowa, by 1855, and formed a law firm with partner H. G. Barber (or Horatio B. Barner). Between 1861 and 1866, Thompson maintained his own legal practice, then joined forces with J. D. Campbell until 1870. Thompson continued to be politically active in Iowa, and joined the emerging Republican Party. He served twice as a delegate of the Republican National Convention, in 1860 and 1880. Thompson was a member of the Iowa General Assembly from January 11, 1858, to January 12, 1862, first as a legislator for District 28 of the Iowa House of Representatives until 1860, and thereafter for District 19 of the Iowa Senate. In 1878, Thompson was elected mayor of Davenport. He served a one-year term, and was subsequently named city attorney under mayor John E. Henry in 1881. Thompson returned to the mayoralty in April 1883, and died in office on August 11, 1883.
John W. Thompson married Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, native Margaret A. Wallace on May 12, 1874, until she died on March 12, 1875.
# George W. Wilkinson

George W. Wilkinson was an American politician.
Wilkinson was born in Virginia in 1810. He moved to Bloomington Township, Muscatine County, Iowa, where he was a farmer. He lived with his wife Mary, a Pennsylvania native born in 1825. Wilkinson was elected to the Iowa Senate as a Whig from District 17. Prior to the 1856 Iowa Senate election, Wilkinson was redistricted to District 19 and joined the Know Nothings. He stepped down from the state senate in January 1858.
# Seneca M. Dorr

Seneca M. Dorr (August 14, 1820 – December 3, 1884) was a Vermont lawyer, judge and politician who served as President of the Vermont Senate. He was the husband of author Julia C. R. Dorr.

## Biography

Seneca Milo Dorr was born in Chatham Center, New York on August 14, 1820. An acquaintance of Martin Van Buren, he studied law, passed the bar, and practiced in Ghent. In 1857, he moved to Rutland, Vermont, where he practiced law and became active in the marble business. Dorr also became involved in banking and stockbrokerage.
Originally a Democrat, Dorr opposed slavery and as a result joined the Free Soil movement and later became a Republican.
In 1863 Dorr served on the Vermont Council of Censors, and he was a member of the Vermont House of Representatives from 1863 to 1865. From 1865 to 1866, Dorr served in the Vermont Senate, and was the Senate's President pro tempore. From 1876 to 1877, Dorr served as Rutland County Assistant Judge.
Dorr died in Rutland on December 3, 1884. He was buried in Rutland's Evergreen Cemetery.

## Family

Seneca Dorr married Julia Caroline Ripley on February 22, 1847. Seneca and Julia Dorr were the parents of Russell, William, Zulma, Joseph (who died in infancy) and Henry.
Julia Dorr's half-brothers and Seneca Dorr's brothers-in-law were Edward H. Ripley and William Y. W. Ripley, both prominent officers in the American Civil War.
# Dudley Chase Denison

Dudley Chase Denison (September 13, 1819 – February 10, 1905) was a nineteenth-century politician and lawyer from Vermont. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for two terms from 1875 to 1879 and was also a member of the Vermont House of Representatives (1860 to 1864) and Vermont State Senate (1853 to 1854).

## Early life and career

Denison was born in Royalton, Vermont, son of Dr. Joseph Adam Denison and Rachel (Chase) Denison. He attended Royalton Academy and graduated third in his class from the University of Vermont in 1840. He later received a Master of Arts degree from the University of Vermont. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1845. He began the practice of law in Royalton.

## Political career

Denison served as a member of the Vermont State Senate in 1853 and 1854 and served as the State's Attorney for Windsor County from 1858 until 1860. He was a member of the Vermont House of Representatives from 1860 until 1864. He was a trustee for Norwich University from 1850 until 1887, and a trustee for the University of Vermont from 1862 to 1865.
From 1864 to 1869, Denison served as the United States Attorney for the District of Vermont. He also served as a director of the National Life Insurance Company.

### Congress

He was elected as an Independent Republican candidate to the 44th United States Congress and reelected as a Republican candidate to the 45th United States Congress, serving from March 4, 1875, until March 3, 1879. He was not a candidate for reelection in 1878.

## Later career and death

After serving in Congress, Denison resumed the practice of law in Royalton. He died in Royalton on February 10, 1905, and is interred in the North Royalton cemetery.

## Personal life

Denison married Eunice Dunbar on December 22, 1846. They had seven children.
He was the nephew of Dudley Chase and Philander Chase, and the cousin of Salmon P. Chase.
# Henry Fisk Janes

Henry Fisk Janes (October 10, 1792 – June 6, 1879) was an American lawyer and politician. He served as a U.S. Representative from Vermont from 1834 to 1837.

## Biography

Janes was born in Brimfield, Massachusetts and moved with his parents to Calais, Vermont where he pursued academic studies.

### War of 1812

He served in the War of 1812 as an officer in Captain Gideon Wheelock's company of Vermont Militia, and participated in the Battle of Plattsburgh.

### Political career

He studied law in Montpelier and was admitted to the bar. He began the practice of law in Waterbury. He was Postmaster from 1820 until 1830. He served as a member of the Governor's Council from 1830 until 1834.
Janes was elected as an Anti-Masonic candidate to the Twenty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Benjamin F. Deming and was reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1834, until March 3, 1837. He was an unsuccessful Anti-Masonic candidate for reelection in 1836.
He was the Vermont State Treasurer from 1838 until 1841 as a Whig, and served as a member of the state council of censors in 1848. Janes joined the Republican Party at its creation in the mid-1850s, and was a member of the Vermont House of Representatives in 1854, 1855, 1861, and 1862.

## Personal life

In 1827 Janes married Fanny Butler, the daughter of Governor Ezra Butler. Their daughter Helen Maria was born in 1828, and their son Henry Janes was born in 1832 and died in 1915. Henry Janes was a physician during the American Civil War, and attained the rank of brigadier general as surgeon general of the Vermont National Guard.

## Death

Janes died on June 6, 1879, in Waterbury, Vermont, and is interred at Hope Cemetery in Waterbury.
# Knife in the Head

Knife in the Head (German: Messer im Kopf) is a 1978 West German drama film directed by Reinhard Hauff and starring Bruno Ganz. The film follows the recovery of a man shot in the head by the police during the raid of a left-wing social centre. It won awards in Paris and Berlin.
Irmin Schmidt composed the entirety of the film's soundtrack, aided by Alex Wiska [de] who played bağlama.

## Plot

Knife in the Head begins with a police raid on a left-wing social centre in which Berthold Hoffmann is seriously injured. His wife Ann Hoffmann and her friend Volker visit him in hospital and discover that he is brain damaged. The doctors say he needs time to recover, but the police are eager to interview him. The film then becomes a chart of his slow recovery of what happened during the raid. For his supporters it is clear that Hoffmann was shot by a police officer and that the state is repressive, whilst the police led by Anleitner seek to prove a conspiracy led by Hoffmann.

## Cast

* Bruno Ganz as Berthold Hoffmann
* Angela Winkler as Ann Hoffmann
* Hans Christian Blech as Anleitner
* Heinz Hoenig as Volker
* Hans Brenner as Scholz
* Udo Samel as Schurig
* Eike Gallwitz as Dr. Groeske
* Carla Egerer [de] as Schwester Angelika
* Gabriele Dossi as Schwester Emilie
* Hans Fuchs as Chefarzt
* Gert Burkard as Institutsdirektor
* Erich Kleiber as Pförtner

## Critical response

The film was released in 1978. Roger Ebert gave it three stars, saying it "isn't a straightforward leftist political tract; it's much more subtle than that". A neurologist opined that "Bruno Ganz’s extraordinary portrayal of Berthold Hoffman’s neurological condition is arguably the most realistic enactment of a brain injury ever depicted in the cinema". Writing in The New York Times, Vincent Canby called the ending "both a shock and thoroughly satisfying". The film was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film of the year by the U.S. National Board of Review. Reinhard Hauff won award at festivals in Berlin and Paris for the film.
# Orsamus Cook Merrill

Orsamus Cook Merrill (June 18, 1775 – April 12, 1865) was a U.S. Representative from Vermont.

## Early life

Merrill was born in Farmington in the Connecticut Colony to James and Jerusha Seymour Merrill. He completed his preparatory studies in Farmington, and moved to Bennington, Vermont in 1791 where he was an apprentice to a printer. He was an editor or publisher of several newspapers, including the "Vermont Gazette" and the "Tablet of the Times" in Bennington, and the "Berkshire Gazette" in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
He later studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1805, and practiced in Bennington.
From 1809 to 1812 he was Postmaster of Bennington.
In the early 1800s he also served as Engrossing Clerk of the Vermont House of Representatives.

## War of 1812

He served in upstate New York and Vermont during the War of 1812 as a Major of the 11th Infantry Regiment, and a Lieutenant Colonel in the 26th Infantry and 11th Infantry.
When Merrill received promotion to lieutenant colonel in the 26th Infantry, his replacement as major in the 11th was Zachary Taylor, who was promoted from captain in the 7th Infantry.

## Post-war life

Merrill became Register of Probate for Bennington County in 1815 and served as Clerk of the Courts in 1816.
Merrill was elected as a Democratic-Republican candidate to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from March 4, 1817 until March 3, 1819. He presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Sixteenth Congress and served from March 4, 1819 until January 12, 1820, when he was succeeded by Rollin C. Mallary, who successfully contested the election.

## Later life

Merrill lost elections for Congress in 1822, 1826, 1827, 1830, 1832, and 1833, evidence that Vermont was trending away from Democrats and towards, in succession, the Anti-Masons, Whigs and Republicans.
In 1822 Merrill served as a delegate to the State constitutional convention.
He served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1822 to 1823 and from 1841 to 1847 he was county Judge of Probate.
He was Bennington County's State's Attorney from 1823 to 1825, a member of the Governor's Council from 1824 until 1827, and a member of the first Vermont State Senate after the body was created in 1836.
In 1839 he ran unsuccessfully for lieutenant governor.

## Family

Merrill married Mary Robinson on August 18, 1805 and they had three children. Mary Robinson was the daughter of Jonathan Robinson.
O.C. Merrill's brother Timothy served as Vermont Secretary of State from 1831 to 1836. His nephew Farrand F. Merrill (son of Timothy) served as Secretary of State from 1849 to 1853.

## Death

Merrill died in Bennington on April 12, 1865.
# Auckland Choral

Auckland Choral (formally the Auckland Choral Society Incorporated) is a symphonic choir based in Auckland, New Zealand. It is New Zealand's oldest surviving arts organisation, and Auckland's only symphonic-scale choir, founded in 1855 and established as an incorporated society in 1914. Auckland Choral celebrated its 150th anniversary in November 2005 with a choral piece written especially for the choir by New Zealand composer David Hamilton. In 2015, Auckland Choral celebrated its 160th anniversary. The choir's current music director is Professor Uwe Grodd.

## Auckland Choral profile

Auckland Choral is a symphonic-scale choir of 100+ voices. It is Auckland's oldest and most prominent choir, and continues to play a significant role in Auckland's arts scene today. Its members are wide-ranging in age and cultural and professional background. Members rehearse weekly throughout the year and the choir regularly accepts new members following a thorough audition process. The current music director is Professor Uwe Grodd.
Auckland Choral sings a wide variety of works from the choral canon. Notable recent performances include Beethoven's Missa Solemnis, Paul Winter's Missa Gaia and Handel's Israel in Egypt.
Auckland Choral sings in locations around Auckland, including the Auckland Town Hall and the Holy Trinity Cathedral in Parnell. The choir frequently collaborates with orchestras from the Auckland region, including the Auckland Philharmonia Orchestra and Piper's Sinfonia.

## Auckland Choral and Handel's Messiah

The choir is well known for its annual Christmas performances of Handel's Messiah. In 2018, Auckland Choral will mark the milestone of 100 consecutive annual Christmas performances of Messiah. Auckland Choral sang its first full performance of Messiah on 17 December 1857 at the Mechanics’ Institute Hall in Auckland. This is believed to have been the first performance of the oratorio in Australasia. Auckland Choral's initial run of consecutive annual performances was interrupted only in 1918, when the outbreak of the 1918 flu pandemic in New Zealand led to a prohibition on public gatherings.

## Auckland Choral Foundation

In 2007, the Auckland Choral Foundation was established as a charitable trust to ensure the long-term success of Auckland Choral, by providing capital growth and income to support its operation and activities.
# Floyd H. Crain

Floyd Harrell Crain (June 3, 1929 – July 17, 2023) was an American politician in the state of Tennessee. Crain served in the Tennessee House of Representatives from 1979 to 1989. A Democrat, he also served a stint as the Majority Floor Leader in the House. He represented the state's 82nd legislative district. Born in Lauderdale County, Tennessee, Crain was a pharmacist and member of the Methodist church. He was a graduate of Ripley High School and the University of Tennessee. He lived in Ripley, Tennessee.
Crain married Joann Elizabeth Biggs on June 4, 1954, in Polk County, Tennessee. He died on July 17, 2023.
# Rankism

Rankism is "abusive, discriminatory, and/or exploitative behavior towards people because of their rank in a particular hierarchy". Rank-based abuse underlies many other phenomena such as bullying, racism, supremacism (often white supremacy), xenophobia, hazing, ageism, sexism, ableism, mentalism, antisemitism, homophobia and transphobia. The term "rankism" was popularized by physicist, educator, and citizen diplomat Robert W. Fuller.

## Characteristics

Rankism can take many forms, including
* exploiting one's position within a hierarchy to secure unwarranted advantages and benefits (e.g. massive corporate bonuses);
* abusing a position of power (e.g., abusive parent or priest, corrupt CEO, bully boss, prisoner abuse);
* using rank as a shield to get away with insulting or humiliating others with impunity;
* using rank to maintain a position of power long after it can be justified;
* exporting the rank achieved in one sphere of activity to claim superior value as a person;
* exploiting rank that is illegitimately acquired or held (as in situations resting on specious distinctions of social rank, such as racism, sexism, intellectualism, wealth, religious beliefs, hereditary, marital status, gang affiliation, criminal record, egotism or classism).
Rankism can occur in any social hierarchy, such as governments, corporations, families, non-profit organizations, and universities.

## Use of term

The term rankism first appeared in print in the Oberlin Alumni Magazine for fall of 1997. It later appeared in a book called Somebodies and Nobodies: Overcoming the Abuse of Rank, written by Fuller and published in 2003.
The first use of the term in a management journal occurred in 2001 in a Leader to Leader Institute article. The piece questioned the abuse of rank in work hierarchies. The idea of rankism has since been widely covered in the media, including The New York Times, NPR, C-SPAN, The Boston Globe, the BBC, Voice of America, and O, The Oprah Magazine.
Other notable references of rankism include Fuller's second book on the subject, All Rise: Somebodies, Nobodies, and the Politics of Dignity, and an action-oriented guide titled Dignity for All: How to Create a World Without Rankism.
The Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies (Human DHS) network has also accepted the concept of rankism as core to its mission. It asserts, "...the mission we have undertaken at Human DHS is the confrontation of abuse, rankism and the humiliation endemic to it, on the historical scale."
Professional mediator Julia Ann Wambach uses Fuller's definition of rankism to explore the abuse of position within a hierarchy from both up and down the lines of power, including how rankism feeds on itself in group contexts.

## Rankism and dignity

According to Fuller, the abuse of rank is experienced by victims as an affront to their dignity. Fuller and his supporters have launched a new social movement to promote the creation of a dignitarian society. The Dignity Movement's goal is to overcome rankism in the same way that the civil rights movement and women's movements target racism and sexism.
# RS Quest

The RS Quest is a British sailboat that was designed by Jo Richards as a sail trainer and day sailer. It was first built in 2015.

## Production

The design has been built by RS Sailing in the United Kingdom, since September 2015 and remains in production.

## Design

The boat was designed for the British Sea Cadets to replace their existing fleet of older boats and also as a family day sailer.
The RS Quest is a recreational sailing dinghy, with the hull built predominantly of rotomoulded Comptec PE3 polyethylene. It has a fractional sloop rig with aluminum spars and wire standing rigging. The hull has a nearly-plumb stem, a vertical transom, a transom-hung aluminum rudder controlled by a tiller and a retractable glassfibre centreboard. It displaces 309 lb (140 kg) and can carry 805 lb (365 kg) of crew weight or four adults.
The boat has a draft of 3.57 ft (1.09 m) with the centreboard extended. Retracting the centreboard allows operation in shallow water, beaching or ground transportation on a trailer.
The boat may be optionally fitted with a small outboard motor for docking and maneuvering. The maximum power is 3.35 hp (2 kW) and maximum motor weight is 33 lb (15 kg).
Optional equipment includes a polyethylene foredeck, trapeze, an outboard motor mount, a launching dolly and a boat trailer for ground transport.
For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with an optional symmetrical spinnaker of 107 sq ft (9.9 m$^2$) or an asymmetrical spinnaker of 118 sq ft (11.0 m$^2$).
The boat's hull is 100% recyclable and the box it is shipped in is 100% recyclable material, made from 100% managed woodland materials, with a high percentage of previously recycled material. The hull wrapping material is biologically-based, made from 51% sugar cane waste, officially classified in the UK as paper and is also 100% recyclable.
# Trippin (Conro song)

"Trippin" is a song by Canadian electronic music producer Conro. A single off his sophomore extended play All Eyes On Me, it was released via Canadian label Monstercat on August 17, 2018.
"Trippin" is the fifth song in Conro's sophomore extended play All Eyes On Me.

## Themes

"Trippin" is described by Conro as "about that high that you get when you meet someone you know is special and can't wait to see where the relationship goes."

## Reception

EDM.com described Conro's vocals as "catchy and just makes you want to dance", and compares the bass line to common night clubs. EDM Identity called it "the perfect track to vibe out to while driving around town and heading to the beach." Earmilk complimented the song's "groovy bass line and the snapping of fingers".

## Charts

| Chart (2018) | Peak position |
| US Dance/Mix Show Airplay (Billboard) | 7 |
# Aleksander Biermann Stenseth

Aleksander Biermann Stenseth (born 22 July 2000) is a Norwegian football midfielder.
A youth product of Klemetsrud and Skeid, he joined the junior team of Strømsgodset in 2018. He signed a professional contract with Strømsgodset in the summer of 2020. He made his Eliteserien debut in September 2020 against Sandefjord.
# Gulskogen

Gulskogen is a borough in Drammen, Buskerud, Norway. Gulskogen has a population of 3,856 inhabitants (2005). Strømsgodset was the name of the parish from early times. Strømsgodset was a separate municipality which in 1964 became part of Drammen. The district takes its name from the historic Gulskogen Manor (Gulskogen gård).
The Gulskogen farm one of the best preserved examples of late 18th and early 19th century Norwegian farms. The facility consists of a garden, farm buildings and a manor house. Today the farm is part of the Drammen Museum.
# Jasna

Jasna may refer to:

## Places

* Jasna, Pomeranian Voivodeship, a village in Poland
* Jasná, a village and ski resort in Slovakia
* Lake Jasna, a pair of artificial lakes in Upper Carniola, Slovenia

## Other uses

* Jasna (given name), a Slavic female given name
* JASNA, the Jane Austen Society of North America