# List of Earth flybys

List of Earth flybys is a list of cases where spacecraft incidentally performed Earth flybys, typically for a gravity assist to another body.
| Spacecraft | Spacecraft | Organization | Date | Type | Closest Approach | Status | Notes | Ref |
| Giotto (first pass) | Giotto (first pass) | ESA | 2 July 1990 | flyby | 22,730 km | success | first Earth flyby, en route to Comet Grigg-Skjellerup | |
| Galileo (first pass) | Galileo (first pass) | NASA | 8 December 1990 | flyby | 960 km | success | gravity assist en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 960 km | |
| Sakigake (first pass) | Sakigake (first pass) | ISAS | 8 January 1992 | flyby | 88,790 km | success | previously visited Halley's comet | |
| Suisei | Suisei | ISAS | 20 August 1992 | flyby | failure | failure | previously visited Halley's comet; hydrazine depleted, further planned comet flybys abandoned | |
| Galileo (second pass) | Galileo (second pass) | NASA | 8 December 1992 | flyby | 303 km | success | gravity assist en route to Jupiter | |
| Sakigake (second and third passes) | Sakigake (second and third passes) | ISAS | 14 June 1993 | flyby | | | | |
| Sakigake (second and third passes) | Sakigake (second and third passes) | ISAS | 28 October 1994 | flyby | | | out of fuel; telemetry contact lost November 1995 | |
| NEAR Shoemaker | NEAR Shoemaker | NASA | 23 January 1998 | flyby | 540 km | success | gravity assist en route to Eros | |
| Nozomi (first pass) | Nozomi (first pass) | ISAS | 20 December 1998 | flyby | 1000 km | partial success | gravity assist on planned mission to Mars; valve malfunction during flyby required extra burn, which later forced alternate trajectory plan | |
| Giotto (second pass) | Giotto (second pass) | ESA | 1 July 1999 | flyby | failure | n/a | already defunct | |
| Cassini | Cassini | NASA ESA ASI | 18 August 1999 | flyby | 1171 km | success | gravity assist en route to Saturn | |
| Stardust (first pass) | Stardust (first pass) | NASA | 15 January 2001 | flyby | 6000 km | success | gravity assist en route to comet 81P/Wild | |
| Nozomi (second pass) | Nozomi (second pass) | ISAS | December, 2002 | flyby | 11,000 km | success | gravity assist en route to Mars | |
| Nozomi (third pass) | Nozomi (third pass) | ISAS | 19 June 2003 | flyby | 1000 km | success | gravity assist en route to Mars | |
| Hayabusa | Hayabusa | ISAS | 19 May 2004 | flyby | 20,000 km | success | en route to Itokawa | |
| Rosetta (first pass) | Rosetta (first pass) | ESA | 4 March 2005 | flyby | 1950 km | success | gravity assist en route to asteroid and comet encounters | |
| MESSENGER | MESSENGER | NASA | 2 August 2005 | flyby | 2348 km | success | en route to Venus and Mercury | |
| Stardust (second pass) | Stardust (second pass) | NASA | 15 January 2006 | flyby | | success | drop-off of sample return capsule | |
| Rosetta (second pass) | Rosetta (second pass) | ESA | 13 November 2007 | flyby | | success | gravity assist en route to asteroid and comet encounters | |
| Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (first pass) | Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (first pass) | NASA | 31 December 2007 | flyby | 15,567 | success | previously visited Comet 9P/Tempel; gravity assist en route to encounter with Comet 103P/Hartley | |
| Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (second pass) | Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (second pass) | NASA | December 2008 | flyby | 43,450 km | success | gravity assist | |
| Stardust (third pass) | Stardust (third pass) | NASA | 14 January 2009 | flyby | 9200 km | success | mission extension to Comet 9P/Tempel; minimum distance 9200 km | |
| Rosetta (third pass) | Rosetta (third pass) | ESA | 13 November 2009 | flyby | | success | gravity assist en route to asteroid and comet encounters | |
| Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (third pass) | Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (third pass) | NASA | June 2009 | distant flyby | | success | | |
| Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (fourth pass) | Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (fourth pass) | NASA | December 2009 | distant flyby | | success | | |
| Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (fifth pass) | Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI) (fifth pass) | NASA | June 2010 | flyby | 36,900 km | success | | |
| Juno | Juno | NASA | 9 October 2013 | flyby | 559 km | success | gravity assist en route to Jupiter | 2011-040A |
| Hayabusa2 | Hayabusa2 | JAXA | 3 December 2015 | flyby | | success | gravity assist en route to Asteroid 162173 Ryugu | 2014-076A |
| PROCYON | PROCYON | University of Tokyo JAXA | 3 December 2015 | flyby | | success | was en route to Asteroid 2000 DP107 but mission abandoned | 2014-076D |
| Shin'en 2 | Shin'en 2 | Kyutech | 4 December 2015 | flyby | | success | | 2014-076B |
| OSIRIS-REx | OSIRIS-REx | NASA | 22 September 2017 | flyby | 17,237 km | success | Gravity assist en route to Asteroid 101955 Bennu | 2016-055A |
| BepiColombo | BepiColombo | ESA JAXA | 10 April 2020 | flyby | 12,700 km | success | Gravity assist en route to Venus and Mercury | BEPICLMBO |
| Solar Orbiter | Solar Orbiter | ESA | 26 November 2021 | flyby | 455 km | success | Gravity assist en route to inclined heliocentric orbit | 2020-010A |
| Lucy | Lucy | NASA | 16 October 2022 | flyby | 360 km | success | main-belt asteroid flyby en route to Jupiter Trojans | 2021-093A |
| OSIRIS-APEX | OSIRIS-APEX | NASA | 24 September 2023 | flyby | 779 km | success | Gravity assist en route to Asteroid 99942 Apophis (OSIRIS-REx mission extension) | 2016-055A |