OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John W. Cady

John Watts Cady (June 28, 1790 – January 5, 1854) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Early life

Cady was born in Florida, Montgomery County, New York on June 28, 1790. He was one of eight children born to Ann (née Shuler) Cady and David Cady, who served in the American Revolutionary War as a Commissioner (or Paymaster) for service and was present at the surrender of John Burgoyne. Judge Daniel Cady, also a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, was his uncle.
Cady attended school at the Old Stone Manse at Fort Hunter, and graduated from Union College in 1808, thereafter studying law.

## Career

After being admitted to the bar, Cady commenced practice in Johnstown, then the county seat of Montgomery County.
Cady was Town Clerk of Johnstown in 1814, 1816 and 1817; and a supervisor of Montgomery County from 1818 to 1822, and from 1826 to 1829. He was a member of the 45th New York State Legislature serving in the New York State Assembly from July 1, 1821, to December 31, 1822.
In November 1822, Cady was elected as an Adams-Clay Democratic-Republican to the 18th United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1823, to March 4, 1825. Afterwards, he resumed the practice of law at Johnstown. In 1838, Fulton County was split from Montgomery County, and Johnstown became the seat of the new county. Cady was District Attorney of Fulton County from 1840 to 1846.
He was Justice of the Peace of Johnstown in 1853.

## Personal life

On October 18, 1813, he was married to Maria Caroline Livingston (1794–1833), the daughter of Beeckman Livingston and Catherine (née Marsh) Livingston. Maria was also the aunt of New York State Engineer and Surveyor Jonas Platt Goodsell. Together, they were the parents of:
* Livingston Cady (1816–1846)
* David B. Cady (1820–1895)
* Anna Cady (b. 1822), who married Frederick Avery Pomeroy.
* John Watts Cady, Jr. (1825–1859), who married Marianne Haines (d. 1892)
Cady died on January 5, 1854, in Johnstown, Fulton County, New York. He was buried at the Johnstown Cemetery.
# Richard Woodward (tavern owner)

Richard "Dick" Woodward was an American tavern keeper. He was a patriot and soldier in the American Revolution, played host to the convention that adopted the Suffolk Resolves, and a leader of Dedham, Massachusetts.

## Personal life

Woodward was a member of a prominent family from Dedham, Massachusetts. He married his first wife, Susannah (née Luce), on April 2, 1747, by Rev. Samuel Dexter. The couple had several sons, including Richard Jr., a teacher in Dedham and soldier in the Revolutionary War.
On February 23, 1772, Woodward married Deborah Ames. When they sued a relative over an estate, their lawyer was John Adams. It was an unhappy marriage, however, and the couple divorced. Before the American Revolution was over, Woodward moved to New Haven.
Woodward was also disliked by Deborah's children. Fisher Ames accused him of only marrying his mother for her money and of stealing nearly $1,000. Fisher's brother, Nathaniel, once got into an altercation whereby Woodward struck him with a saw. Nathaniel had Woodward arrested and bound to good behavior. Nathaniel also accused Woodward of theft.
Deborah ran the Ames Tavern for several years with the help of several of her sons after the death of her first husband. In 1772, she married Woodward and it became known as the Woodward Tavern.
His name is listed among those who led the town of Dedham in its second century.

## American Revolution

In 1768, Woodward was one of Dedham's delegates to the Massachusetts Convention of Towns, an extralegal assembly held in Boston in response to the news that British troops would soon be arriving to crack down on anti-British rioting.
When Town Meeting voted in 1770 to prohibit the drinking of foreign tea in protest of the Townshend Acts, Woodward was elected to a committee to enforce the ban.
A general convention of delegates from every town in Suffolk County was called for August 16, 1774, at Doty's Tavern in Stoughton (today Canton). The group agreed on the need to take a united stand against the Intolerable Acts but, since not every community was represented, it was decided to adjourn and try again with full representation. Woodward, a member of the Committee of Correspondence, offered to host the next gathering on September 6, 1774.
Before Woodward and Deborah divorced, the convention that adopted the Suffolk Resolves met in the tavern and began their work. Woodward himself was elected a delegate to the convention from Dedham.
Woodward was also elected by the convention, along with Joseph Warren and 13 others, to meet the governor and inform him that the residents of Suffolk County were alarmed by the fortifications the British Army was making at Boston Neck. They asked him to intervene and protest the fortifications, as well as the abuses soldiers committed against civilians in the county.
When word of the battles at battles at Lexington and Concord reached Dedham, Woodward was among those who responded. His was the second company to leave, probably from Dedham Island, and he served as lieutenant under Captain George Gould.
# Gabbs Formation

The Gabbs Formation is a geologic formation in Nevada. It preserves fossils dating back to the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic periods, and is one of the few formations in the United States known to include the Triassic-Jurassic boundary. In 2007, an exposure of the Gabbs Formation at New York Canyon was proposed a candidate GSSP for the Hettangian stage, the first stage of the Jurassic. However, the New York Canyon section was ultimately not selected as Hettangian GSSP, which instead went to the Kuhjoch section (Kendlbach Formation) of Austria in 2010.

## Fossil content

The Gabbs Formation hosts several diverse assemblages of ammonites, bivalves, and other invertebrates. In 2021, several ammonites were newly described from the formation:
* Arcestes lawsi
* Paracochloceras nunminensis
* Peripleurites gabbensis
* Placites heggi
* Rhacophyllites mulleri
* R. volcanoensis
# Nathan B. Sprague

Nathan Brown Sprague (April 7, 1787 – April 17, 1864) was a Rhode Island farmer and politician.

## Early life

Sprague was born on April 7, 1787, in Johnston, Rhode Island. He was a son of Daniel Sprague Jr. (1752–1816) and Hannah (née Brown) Sprague (1756–1815).
His paternal grandparents were also named Daniel Sprague (son of Ebenezer Sprague) and Hannah (née Brown) Sprague. His maternal grandparents were Gideon Brown Sr. and Ruth (née Rutenburg) Brown.

## Career

Sprague was a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives for eleven years, and served as the Speaker of the House from October 1826 to October 1827. In 1828, he served as a presidential elector.
In 1811, he was a charter trustee of the Greene Academy. In 1822, he was one of the original incorporators of the Smithfield Exchange Bank, which provided services to farmers and small businesses throughout northwestern Rhode Island, and of which he was the first president. He was also an incorporator of Saint Thomas Episcopal Church in the village of Greenville in Smithfield, Rhode Island.

## Personal life

On April 15, 1813, Sprague was married to Sarah Smith (1788–1875), a daughter of Anna and Darius Smith, in Glocester. Together, they were the parents of:
* Esther Sprague (1814–1834), who died unmarried.
* Daniel Sprague (1816–1855), who married Abigail A. Farnum.
* John Smith Sprague (1827–1903), who married Lolotini Phetteplace, a daughter of George Thornton Phetteplace, in 1860.
* Hannah Brown Sprague (1819–1888), who died unmarried.
Sprague died on April 17, 1864, in Greenville, Rhode Island.
# Dehdari, Fars

Dehdari (Persian: دهداري, also Romanized as Dehdārī and Deh Dārī) is a village in Tasuj Rural District, in the Central District of Kavar County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 487, in 122 families.
# Joan Voûte

Joan George Erardus Gijsbertus Voûte (7 June 1879 – 20 August 1963) was a Dutch astronomer.
He was born in Madioen, Java to a Huguenot family. He studied civil engineering at Delft, but while a student he developed an interest in astronomy—studying variable stars. After graduating he joined the staff of the Leiden Observatory, where he worked on binary stars. In 1913 he gained a post at the Cape Observatory in South Africa, where he worked on double stars and parallax measurements. He became a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1917 (and was re-elected in 1953 after his membership lapsed during the war). His preliminary account of the parallax of Proxima Centauri was published in 1917, demonstrating that Proxima was the same distance from the Sun as the Alpha Centauri system.
He returned to Java in 1919, where he served as an assistant at the Weltevreden meteorological and magnetic observatory. There he was able to gain the interest of wealthy friends for the construction of an observatory. Voûte became the Director, and he selected the 1,300 m altitude Lembang for the site. The main instrument was a 60 cm Zeiss double refractor. The work of the observatory focused on double stars, parallax measurements, photometry of variable stars and clusters, and so forth. The results were published in the Lembang Observatory Annals.
Following the Japanese occupation of Java, Voûte was imprisoned. As a result of his captivity he suffered from poor health, so after the war he moved to Australia. Later he settled in The Hague, the Netherlands, where he died in 1963.
Voûte became a corresponding member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1922, he resigned in 1951.
# Asona

Asona is one of the eight main Akan clans.

## Totem

The totem of the Asona people is the crow or snake.

## Major towns

The major towns of the Asona people include;Kyebi, Offinso, Ejisu, Mankessim, Sandema, Akropong Akuapem,Sekyere Beposo, Denkyira Buabenso, Denkyira Diaso, Amanokrom Akuapem, Obosomase Akuapem, Begoro, Kukurantumi, [[Akyem Asafo, Akyem Segymase, Akyem Pameng,Suhum, Akyem Akopong, Akyem Adoagyiri, Akyem Dwenase near Osino, Akyem Osiem, Akyem Osino, Akyem Takyiman, Akyem Ahwenease, Akyem Apinaman, Akyem Akooko, Akyem Hemang, Apinamang, Akyem Juaso, Akyem Takrowase, Akyem Bososo, Akyem Abaam, Akyem Asuotwene, Akyem Enyiresi, Akyem Akrofufu, Akyem Adankrono , Akyem Sawirako, Akyem Bomaa, Akyem Abodom, Akyem Sekyere, Akyem Bomso, Akyem Ankaase, Akyem Abompe near Osino, Akyem Osorase, Akyem Tweapease, Akyem Topreman, Akyem Akyem Banso, Akyem Ettukrom, Akyem Bosodumase, Akyem Ekorso, Akyem Koradaso, Akyem Asamama, Akyem Adadientam, Bonwire, Feyiase, Tano Odumase,Adanse Akrofuom, Manso Nkwanta, Onwe, Kwahu Nkwatia, Kwahu Tafo,
# Matthias Engelsberger

Matthias Engelsberger (18 July 1925 – 20 October 2005) was a German politician representative of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU). Between 1969 and 1990, he was a member of the Bundestag of Germany. Prior to this, he began his political career in Siegsdorf.
Together with Wolfgang Daniels [de] he advocated for the passing of the Stromeinspeisungsgesetz [de] (English: Electricity Feed-In Act), which the Bundestag did in October 1990. In 1988 he was awarded with the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold for Services to the Republic of Austria.
# Democracy and Political Ignorance

Democracy and Political Ignorance: Why Smaller Government Is Smarter is a 2013 book from Stanford University Press by George Mason University law professor Ilya Somin. Somin argues that people are ignorant and irrational about politics and that this creates problems for democracy. He further claims that this consideration argues in favor of smaller and more decentralized government.
A revised and expanded edition of the book was published in 2016. It includes new material on a variety of issues, including discussions of the "Big Sort" and its implications for "voting with your feet," the connection between political ignorance and the disproportionate political influence of the wealthy, new proposals for increasing political knowledge, and up-to-date survey data on political ignorance from recent elections. The book has also been published in Italian and Japanese translations.

## Themes

Somin published a series of guest posts on the Balkinization blog outlining the key themes of his book.

## Reception
### Book reviews

Jack Shafer reviewed the book on his Reuters blog and discussed its implications for the role of mass media in democracy. Christopher Schmidt reviewed the book on his blog, part of the IIT Chicago-Kent Law blog network. A. Barton Hinkle reviewed the book for the Richmond Times-Dispatch. John David Dyche reviewed the book for WDRB. The book was also reviewed on Book Bargains and Previews.
Political commentator George Will reviewed the book favorably in an op-ed in The Washington Post.
Philosopher Jason Brennan briefly reviewed Somin's book on the Bleeding Heart Libertarians blog, ending with a strong recommendation to buy the book. Donald Boudreaux also offered a brief review and strong recommendation of the book on his blog, Cafe Hayek.

### Discussions

Somin defended the thesis of his book in the lead essay of Cato Unbound in October 2013. Other participants in the exchange included Heather Gerken, Jeffrey Friedman, and Sean Trende. Gerken's response essay used the fox versus hedgehog distinction, arguing that Somin's ideal voter was a fox, whereas David Schleicher's work stressed that voters tended to be hedgehogs and use their party affiliation as an informational shortcut. Sean Trende argued that despite their ignorance, voters get the important things right. Jeffrey Friedman agreed that voters are ignorant, but claimed that rational ignorance was not the correct explanation of the phenomenon. Rather, he claimed that voters had a simplistic model of the world. Somin responded to all his critics and there was some further exchange of views between the participants.
The Cato Institute organized a book event to discuss the book, scheduled for November 6, 2013. Participants at the event included Somin, John M. Sides of George Washington University, and John Samples of the Cato Institute.

### Other mentions

An article in Manila Times discussed Somin's book in the context of political protest movements in the Philippines.
# Sohaib Sultan

Sohaib Nazeer Sultan (August 26, 1980 – April 16, 2021) was an American clergy person, and the Muslim chaplain at Princeton University. He was one of the first college Muslim chaplains in the country. He was born in North Carolina and raised in Indiana.

## Education

Sultan studied Islamic chaplaincy, Islamic studies, and Christian-Muslim relations at the Hartford International University for Religion and Peace, and graduated from the Hartford Theological Seminary in 2002.

## Career

In 2005, Sultan became the first Muslim Fellow in the Chaplain's office of Yale University and went on to serve as Muslim chaplain for Trinity College and Wesleyan University. In 2008, he became the full-time Muslim chaplain at Princeton.
He was a public lecturer and writer on Islam, Muslim culture, and Muslim-Western relations, occasionally blogging on the Huffington Post Religion section. He was the author of The Koran for Dummies (2004), The Qur’an and Sayings of Prophet Muhammad: Selection Annotated and Explained (2007). Additionally, he frequently delivered Islamic Friday sermons, with his last one being in March 2021.

## Death

He was diagnosed with stage 4 bile duct cancer, and died on April 16, 2021. His funeral and burial were held the next day.
His book, An American Muslim Guide to the Art of Islamic Preaching was published posthumously in 2023 with a foreword and edits from Martin Nguyen. The book was originally Sultan's master's degree thesis.
# Ramesh Dewan

Ramesh Dewan (born 1 December 1938) is an Indian former cricketer. He played for several domestic first-class cricket teams in India between 1958 and 1974.
# Acidilobus

Acidilobus is a genus of archaea in the family Acidilobaceae.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
| 16S rRNA based LTP_06_2022 | 53 marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214 |
| Fervidicoccales Fervidicoccaceae Desulfurococcales 2 "Ignicoccaceae" Desulfurococcaceae 2 Stetteria Thermodiscus Aeropyrum Desulfurococcales "Ignisphaeraceae" Pyrodictiaceae Desulfurococcaceae Caldisphaeraceae Caldisphaera Acidilobaceae Acidilobus Sulfolobales Sulfolobaceae | Sulfolobales Desulfurococcaceae Fervidicoccaceae Pyrodictiaceae "Ignicoccaceae" Acidilobaceae Aeropyrum Caldisphaera Acidilobus "Ignisphaeraceae" Zestosphaera {NBVN01} Sulfolobaceae |
# Sue Tutt

Susan Tutt (born 1943) is a British former professional tennis player. She competed as Sue Northen after marriage.
Tutt, a native of Leicester, was active on tour in the 1960s and 1970s. Her first round win over Marion Boundy at the 1969 Wimbledon Championships (6–2, 6–0) lasted only 20 minutes and is considered to be one of the shortest tennis matches on record. The following year she was at the other end of a heavy defeat at Wimbledon when she fell 0–6, 0–6 to Judy Dalton in the second round.
# Love in the Fascist Brothel

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Pitchfork Media | |
| Punknews.org | |
Love in the Fascist Brothel is the second and final studio album by San Diego post-hardcore band The Plot to Blow Up the Eiffel Tower, released on Revelation Records and Three One G on February 15, 2005, on compact disc and vinyl formats respectively. The album showed a significant change in sound from the band's previous full-length, focusing much more on the styles of noise rock rather than just jazz punk. The album's title, artwork, and lyrical themes act as political and social commentary on both the presidency of George W. Bush and punk subculture, which the band felt was "dead" by the time they recorded the album.

## Packaging and Lyrical Themes

The album has a heavy theme of nazism and fascism throughout the lyrics and artwork. According to the band, this was done to not only mock neo-nazi subculture, but it also acted as political and social commentary on George W. Bush and punk subculture as well.

## Track listing

* "Reichstag Rock" – 1:45
* "Exile on Vain Street" – 2:24
* "Love in the Sex Prison" – 2:05
* "Vulture Kontrol" – 2:26
* "Rattus Über Alles" – 1:21
* "Drake the Fake" – 3:05
* "Angry, Young and Rich" – 3:12
* "Lipstick SS" – 2:38
* "Lawnmower Love" – 2:08
* "SLC Hunks" – 2:55

## Personnel
### The Plot To Blow Up The Eiffel Tower

* Brandon Welchez - Vocals, saxophone
* B.H. Peligro - Drums
* Charles Rowell - Guitar
* Willy Graves - Bass

### Additional Musicians

* Brett Bohart
* Gabriel Sundy
* Gena Abbo
* Kelly Kotner
* Robert Ackly

### Artwork

* David McHenry - Photography
* xTonyx - Photography
* The Plot To Blow Up The Eiffel Tower - Layout

### Production

* Rafter Roberts - Engineering, production
* The Plot To Blow Up The Eiffel Tower - Production
* John Golden - Mastering
# Apadana Residential Complex

Apadana Residential Society (Persian: شهرک آپادانا) is a planned residential society in the northwest of well known Azadi square in Tehran, Iran. It is located between Azadi Square and Ekbatan Complex.

## History

Construction of Apadana Complex started in the 1970s, and some parts of it were finished before 1978 Islamic revolution. Apadana was first occupied in 1981.

## Description

There are 46 blocks in Apadana Complex, comprising six "phases", each contains seven or eight blocks. Each phase has an administration office which is relatively independent in terms of decision making.

## Other information

The population of the Apadana Complex is about 15,000. It additionally includes three shopping centers, seven schools and a mosque.
# John B. Yates

John Barentse Yates (February 1, 1784 – July 10, 1836) was an American politician who was a U.S. Representative from New York.
Born in Schenectady, New York, Yates completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Union College at Schenectady in 1802. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1805 and commenced practice in Schenectady. He served in the War of 1812 under Gen. Wade Hampton on the northern frontier and was subsequently appointed aide-de-camp to Gov. Daniel D. Tompkins.
Yates was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815 – March 3, 1817). He served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of State (Fourteenth Congress). He did not seek renomination in 1816. Yates Aided in the construction of the Welland Canal. He moved to Chittenango, New York in 1816 where he later founded the Yates Polytechnic Institute in 1825. He was first judge of the Madison County Court from 1833 until his death.
Yates was a member of the New York State Assembly (Madison Co.) in 1836 and died in Chittenango, New York, on July 10, 1836. He was interred in Walnut Grove Cemetery, near Chittenango, New York.
Yates was a slave owner.
# Direct Edge

Direct Edge was an American stock exchange that operated two separate platforms, EDGA Exchange and EDGX Exchange. It was based in Jersey City, New Jersey and merged with BATS Global Markets in 2014.
Beginning in March 2009, Direct Edge's market share ranged from 9% to 12% of U.S. equities trading volume, and regularly traded one to two billion shares per day. Before their merger, Direct Edge jockeyed with BATS Trading to be the third largest stock market in the United States, behind the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.

## History
### Foundation as ECN

The firm began in 1998 as an electronic communication network (ECN) under the name Attain. In 2005, the assets of Attain were purchased by Knight Capital Group and subsequently spun off two years later as the re-branded Direct Edge ECN. The spin-off brought in new management as well as new ownership—Citadel Derivatives Group and Goldman Sachs were brought in as partners alongside Knight. The partnership was further diluted when in 2008 the International Securities Exchange relinquished operational control of their stock exchange arm to Direct Edge in return for a 31.5% stake.
On March 12, 2010, Direct Edge received official approval from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to convert both EDGA and EDGX ECN platforms into two newly established national securities exchanges. In July 2010, Direct Edge successfully made the transition, decommissioning both ECN platforms and the ISE Stock Exchange, leaving what is now America’s newest stock exchange.

### Milestones 2009 - 2011

* Direct Edge matches over 1 billion shares for the first time on February 10, 2009.
* Direct Edge captures all-time high 12.9% market share for the month of August 2009.
* March 2009, Direct Edge passes BATS Trading in monthly matched market share making it the third largest stock market operator in the United States, a position it held for 11 consecutive months.
* Direct Edge officially launches its two stock exchanges, EDGA and EDGX, on July 21, 2010.
In November 2011 Direct Edge annunciated intention to open a stock exchange outside the United States, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in the last quarter of 2012.

### Merger 2014

On January 31, 2014, BATS Global Markets and Direct Edge completed a merger, with the combined company using the BATS Global Markets name.

## Trading

Direct Edge traded all U.S.-listed equities:
* Tape A – NYSE listed
* Tape B – NYSE Arca/Amex listed
* Tape C – NASDAQ listed
EDGX is an exchange with a maker/taker pricing model offering high rebates for liquidity providers. EDGA is a low cost exchange with a taker/maker pricing model.
Hours of operation are from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. with the regular trading session designated between the hours of 9:30 a.m. and 4 p.m. EDGA is identified as “J” for all trades and quotes posted to the Security Information Processor (public quote stream) and EDGX is identified as “K”.