OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blue Sky

Bluesky is a social media platform, based on a distributed networking protocol.
Blue Sky, BlueSky or Bluesky may also refer to:

## Business

* Bluesky, a social media platform, based on a distributed networking protocol
* Blue Sky Airlines, an airline in Armenia
* Blue Sky Aviation Services, a domestic airline in Kenya
* Blue Sky Beverage Company, a soft drink manufacturer
* Blue sky law, state laws in the United States that regulate the offering and sale of securities

## Art, entertainment, and media
### Animation and gaming

* Blue Sky Studios, a computer animation studio under 20th Century Fox that went defunct in 2021
* BlueSky Software, a defunct video game company
* Looking Glass Studios, a computer game developer originally known as Blue Sky Productions

### Film and television

* Blue Sky (1955 film), a Swedish comedy film
* Blue Sky (1994 film), a film starring Jessica Lange and Tommy Lee Jones
* Blue Sky (TV channel), a Greek regional television station
* Blue Sky, blue methamphetamine in the American TV series Breaking Bad, 2008
* Blue Sky programming, USA Network's "optimistic" television shows during 2005-2016

### Music

* Blue Sky Records, a record label started by manager Steve Paul
* Blue Sky (album), a 2012 album by Jinny Ng

#### Songs

* "Blue Sky" (song), a song by The Allman Brothers Band
* "Blue Sky", a song by rapper Common, from the album The Dreamer/The Believer
* "Blue Sky", a song by Patti Griffin, from the album Flaming Red
* "Blue Sky", a song by Emily West
* "The Blue Sky", a song by a-ha, from the album Hunting High and Low

### Other art, entertainment, and media

* Blue Sky (manga), a 2007 Japanese manga
* Blue sky memo, a document authored by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

## Places

* Blue Sky, Colorado, U.S.
* Bluesky, Alberta, Canada
* Mount Blue Sky, a mountain in Colorado, U.S. formerly called Mount Evans

## Science

* Blue skies research (also called blue sky science), scientific research in domains where "real-world" applications are not immediately apparent
* Bluesky Formation, a stratigraphic unit of Lower Cretaceous age in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
* Diffuse sky radiation, solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface after Rayleigh scattering
* Rayleigh scattering, which causes the sky to appear blue.

## Other uses

* BlueSky Charter School, an online school for Minnesota citizens
* Blue Sky, a rainbow code for the Fairey Fireflash air-to-air missile
* Blue Sky navigation pod, an airborne navigational/attack pod
* Blue Sky (artist) (born 1938), American painter and sculptor formerly known as Warren Edward Johnson
* Blue Sky Solar Racing, a solar car racing team based at the University of Toronto
# Yazdanabad Rural District

Yazdanabad Rural District (Persian: دهستان يزدان آباد) is in Yazdanabad District of Zarand County, Kerman province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Yazdan Shahr.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 6,107 in 1,467 households. There were 6,625 inhabitants in 1,844 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 4,096 in 1,186 households. The most populous of its 44 villages was Jalalabad, with 2,177 people.
# Klaus Hemmerle

Klaus Hemmerle (April 3, 1929 in Freiburg im Breisgau – January 23, 1994 in Aachen) was a Roman Catholic bishop in Aachen, Germany. He was ordained as a priest in 1952 and became bishop of the Diocese of Aachen in 1975. He was inspired by Chiara Lubich, who said she was also inspired by him and considered him one of the co-founders of the Focolare Movement due to his teachings on theology and philosophy, and particularly his views on plural thinking and unity.
# Barney A. Boos

Barney A. Boos (August 22, 1909 – August 29, 2005) was an American politician. He served as a Republican member of the South Dakota House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Boos was born in Fulda, Minnesota. He attended Augustana College. He served as sheriff of Minnehaha County, South Dakota, and in the South Dakota House of Representatives, from 1953 to 1954.
Boos died on August 29, 2005, at the age of 96.
# Nowy Folwark, Pomeranian Voivodeship

Nowy Folwark is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Dzierzgoń, within Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Stary Dzierzgoń, 29 km (18 mi) east of Sztum, and 78 km (48 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# William James Campbell

William James Campbell (December 12, 1850 – March 4, 1896) was an American attorney and politician in Illinois. From Pennsylvania, he came with his parents to southern Cook County, Illinois at a young age. Campbell attended public schools, then the University of Pennsylvania and the Union Law School. He co-founded Campbell & Custer, a prominent law firm that represented industries. He served in the Illinois Senate from 1878 to 1886, quickly rising to become its president. From 1883 to 1885, this made him acting Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. After his Senate experience, he returned to his law firm and was a member of the Republican National Committee.

## Biography

William James Campbell was born on December 12, 1850, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His parents, John and Mary, immigrated from northern Ireland. When Campbell was a child, they moved to Cook County, Illinois. He attended public school in Bloom Township then matriculated at Lake Forest University. later transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, then was accepted at the Union Law School in Chicago, Illinois. Campbell studied law under William C. Goudy for two years, then was admitted to the bar. He practiced alone for two years, then formed the partnership of Campbell & Custer.
Campbell was elected to the Illinois Senate and served four two-year terms from 1878 to 1886. He was named president pro tempore in 1880, the first to hold the office, serving under John Marshall Hamilton. When Hamilton became Governor of Illinois in 1883, Campbell position made him the Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. He returned to the Senate when Hamilton's term expired, continuing to serve as president pro tempore. He became a close friend of John Riley Tanner in the Senate and the two often collaborated on political projects.
After his years in the senate, Campbell returned to Campbell & Custer in the Rookery Building in Chicago. He represented several large industries there, including Armour and Company. He joined the Republican National Committee in 1891, succeeding George R. Davis. He elected its chairman in 1892, but quickly resigned the office. Campbell was a trustee of the Armour Institute of Technology and was a member of the Chicago and Union League Clubs. He died in Riverside, Illinois on March 4, 1896, after an illness.
# Nicholas Emiliou

Nicholas Emiliou (born Famagusta, Cyprus, 14 June 1963) is a Cypriot diplomat and jurist. Since 2017, he is Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary and Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the European Union, based at the Permanent Representation of Cyprus to the EU in Brussels. On 21 April 2021, he was appointed to become Advocate General of the European Court of Justice.

## Education and University Career

He received an LL.M. (European Law) from the London School of Economics and Political Science in 1987 and a Ph.D. (Law) from University College London in 1991. He held various academic jobs in the UK from 1988 to 1997, at University College London, the University of Southampton, Queen Mary University of London and the University of Durham. During this time as a Fellow of the UCL Centre for European Law, he worked closely with his European law colleagues, Professor Valentine Korah, pioneer of antitrust law in the UK and notable competition lawyer Sir Basil Markesinis, David O'Keeffe and Margot Horspool. He also published many books and articles.

## Diplomatic career

Ambassador Emiliou joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus in 1997 and was first appointed as Minister Plenipotentiary at the EU Division of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Nicosia. In 1998, he became Deputy Permanent Delegate of Cyprus to the European Union, and in 1999, became Ambassador Plenipotentiary and Extraordinary of the Republic of Cyprus in Ireland. In 2000 he was Promoted to the rank of the Ambassador of Cyprus. From 2002 to 2004, he was Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the Council of Europe, Strasbourg. From 2004 to 2008, he was Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the European Union and from 2008 to 2012, he was Permanent Secretary, that is, the senior permanent official of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 2012, he was appointed Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the United Nations, which he left in 2017 to return to Brussels as Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the European Union.

## Appointment as Advocate General

On 21 April 2021, he was appointed by the representatives of the Governments of the EU Member States to become Advocate General of the European Court of Justice from 7 October 2021 to 6 October 2027.
# Cyprian Broodbank

Cyprian Broodbank, FSA, FBA (born 26 December 1964) is a British archaeologist and academic. Since October 2014, he has been Disney Professor of Archaeology at the University of Cambridge and director of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. From 2010 to 2014, he was Professor of Mediterranean Archaeology at University College London.

## Early life and education

Broodbank was born on 26 December 1964. He studied modern history at the University of Oxford, graduating in 1986 with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree. He then went on to study for a Master of Arts (MA) degree in Aegean and Anatolian prehistory at the University of Bristol, graduating in 1987. He undertook postgraduate study at the Faculty of Classics, University of Cambridge, and completed his Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in 1996. His supervisor was John F. Cherry, and his doctoral thesis was titled This small world the great: an island archaeology of the early Cyclades.

## Academic career

Broodbank began his academic career as a junior research fellow at University College, Oxford, from 1991 to 1993. In 1993, he joined University College London as a lecturer in Aegean archaeology based in the Institute of Archaeology. He was promoted to senior lecturer in 2001 and to reader in 2009. He was a visiting fellow at All Souls College, Oxford, in 2005. In October 2010, he was appointed Professor of Mediterranean Archaeology.
In November 2013, it was announced that he had been elected to the position of Disney Professor of Archaeology at the University of Cambridge. He took up the appointment in October 2014. In addition, he is the Director of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, and a Professorial Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.
He was awarded the 2003 James R. Wiseman Book Award by the Archaeological Institute of America for his monograph An Island Archaeology of the Early Cyclades (Cambridge University Press, 2001). He was also awarded the 2001 Runciman Award by the Anglo-Hellenic League for the monograph. His monograph The Making of the Middle Sea: A History of the Mediterranean from the Beginning to the Emergence of the Classical World (Thames and Hudson. 2013) has been described as 'an unprecedented work of scholarship; it is unlikely ever to be matched' and as a 'landmark publication'.

## Personal life

In 2006, Broodbank married Dr Lindsay Close Spencer. Together they have two children; one daughter and one son.

## Honours

On 11 October 2007, Broodbank was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries (FSA). In 2014, he was awarded the Wolfson Prize for History for his book The Making of the Middle Sea. On 16 July 2015, he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA).

## Selected works

* Broodbank, Cyprian (2000). An island archaeology of the early Cyclades. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521528443.
* Broodbank, Cyprian (2013). The making of the Middle Sea: a history of the Mediterranean from the beginning to the emergence of the Classical world. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 9780500051764.
# Adesto Technologies

Adesto Technologies Corporation was an American corporation founded in 2006 and based in Santa Clara, California. The company provided application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and embedded systems for the Internet of Things (IoT), and sells its products directly to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and original design manufacturers (ODMs) that manufacture products for its end customers. In 2020, Adesto was bought by Dialog Semiconductor.

## History

Adesto Technologies was founded by Narbeh Derhacobian, Shane Hollmer, and Ishai Naveh in 2006. Derhacobian formerly served in senior technical and managerial roles at AMD, Virage Logic, and Cswitch Corporations. The company developed a non-volatile memory based on the movement of copper ions in a programmable metallization cell technology licensed from Axon Technologies Corp., a spinoff of Arizona State University.
In October 2010, Adesto acquired intellectual property and patents related to Conductive Bridging Random Access Memory (CBRAM) technology from Qimonda AG, and their first CBRAM product began production in 2011.
In 2015, the company held an initial public offering under the symbol IOTS, which entered the market at $5 per share. Underwriters included Needham & Company, Oppenheimer & Co. Inc., and Roth Capital Partners. The entire offering was valued at $28.75 million.
Between May and September 2018, Adesto completed two acquisitions of S3 Semiconductors and Echelon Corporation. In May, the company acquired S3 Semiconductors, a provider of analog and mixed-signal ASICs and Intellectual Property (IP) cores. In June, the company announced its intention to buy Echelon Corporation, a home and industrial automation company, for $45 million. The acquisition was completed three months later. The company's offerings were expanded to include ASICs and IP from S3 Semiconductors and embedded systems from Echelon Corporation, in addition to its original non-volatile memory (NVM) products.
In 2018 Adesto started a cooperation with the University of California San Diego in order to explore the possibility for calculations to be made directly in the memory.
In 2020, Adesto was acquired by Dialog Semiconductor, a company headquartered in Reading, United Kingdom, for $500 million.
# Hypsagoninae

Hypsagoninae is a subfamily of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Agonidae, part of the sculpin superfamily Cottoidea. These fishes are found in the North Pacific Ocean.

## Taxonomy

Hypsagoninae was first proposed as a taxonomic grouping in 1861 by the American zoologist Theodore Gill. Some workers have regarded the genus Agonomalus as synonymous with Hypsagonus and place the two remaining genera in the subfamily Percidinae which was also named by Gill in 1897. However, most authorities recognise the three genera and place them in the subfamily Hypsagoninae. The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the Hypsagoninae within the family Agonidae, part of the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins.

## Genera

Hypsagoninae contains following 3 genera:
* Agonomalus Guichenot, 1866
* Hypsagonus Gill, 1861
* Percis Scopoli, 1777

## Characteristics

Hypsagoninae sculpins typically have deep, laterally compressed bodies with a terminal mouth which has nearly equal jaws, The rear edge of the orbit is convex. The bony plates on the body are arranged in groups and rows which are bot clearly distinct and do not have exact margins and are made up of plates that differ in size and shape. There are plates on the first dorsal fin and the pectoral fin and there is no enlarged plate on the snout. The first dorsal fin is supported by strong spines. The smallest species is the kelp poacher (Agonomalus mozinoi) which has a maximum published total length of 8.9 cm (3.5 in) while the largest is the dragon poacher (Percis japonica) ith a maximum published total length of 42 cm (17 in).

## Distribution

Hypsagoninae sculpins are found in the northern Pacific Ocean from Japan north to the Chukchi Sea and south to California.
# Legend of the Christmas Spider

The Legend of the Christmas Spider is an Eastern European folktale which explains one possible origin of tinsel on Christmas trees. It is most prevalent in Western Ukraine, where small ornaments in the shape of a spider are traditionally a part of the Christmas decorations.

## Story

A poor but hardworking widow once lived in a small hut with her children. One summer day, a pine cone fell on the earthen floor of the hut and took root. The widow's children cared for the tree, excited at the prospect of having a Christmas tree by winter. The tree grew, but when Christmas Eve arrived, they could not afford to decorate it. The children sadly went to bed and fell asleep. Early the next morning, they woke up and saw the tree covered with cobwebs. When they opened the windows, the first rays of sunlight touched the webs and turned them into gold and silver. The widow and her children were overjoyed. From then on, they never lived in poverty again.

## Variants

Other versions replaces sunlight with a miracle from Father Christmas, Santa Claus, or the Child Jesus, and tells the story primarily from the perspective of the spiders who wished to see the Christmas tree.

## Origins

The origins of the folk tale are unknown, but it is believed to have come from either Germany or Ukraine. In Germany, Poland, and Ukraine, finding a spider or a spider's web on a Christmas tree is considered good luck. Ukrainians also create small Christmas tree ornaments in the shape of a spider (known as pavuchky, literally "little spiders"), usually made of paper and wire. They also decorate Christmas trees with artificial spider webs. The tradition of using tinsel is also said to be because of this story.
According to Lubow Wolynetz, folk art curator at the Ukrainian Museum, New York City, the tradition is Ukrainian and dates back to the late 1800s or early 1900.
It may be based on an older European superstition about spiders bringing luck (though not black spiders in Germany), or conversely that it is bad luck to destroy a spider's web before the spider is safely out of the way.

## Fictional works

The Christmas Spider has been retold and adapted in works of fiction:
* In 2001, Shirly Climo wrote "Cobweb Christmas: The Tradition of Tinsel" with illustrations by Jane Manning.
* In 2011, Trinka Hakes Noble retold the story in her book, "A Christmas Spider's Miracle.".
* In 2014, the story was told by Angela Yuriko Smith and Robin Wiesenthal as "The Christmas Spiders."
* The story was retold in 2020 as "Tinsel the Christmas Spider" by author Pamela K. Pfertsh, illustrated by Fina Tedesco.
* In 2020, Faith McDowell told the story as "The Christmas Spider."
* In 2021, Miriam Monette told the story as "The Christmas Spider: the Nativity Story Retold for Children" featuring the Christmas Spider as a visitor to Bethlehem.
* In 2022, Andrew Gorman told the story as "The Legend of the Christmas Spider."
* In 2023, Sarah Copeland wrote "The Christmas Spider" featuring a spider rejected by its family.
# George E. Dunn

George E. Dunn (September 27, 1927 – May 10, 2020) was an American politician. He served as a Republican member of the South Dakota House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Dunn was born in Royal Center, Indiana. He attended Sheldon High School and served in the United States Army, and was also a highway patrolman.
Dunn served in the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1985 to 1986. He died on May 10, 2020, at the age of 92.
# Sparteine

Sparteine is a class 1a antiarrhythmic agent and sodium channel blocker. It is an alkaloid and can be extracted from scotch broom. It is the predominant alkaloid in Lupinus mutabilis, and is thought to chelate the bivalent metals calcium and magnesium. It is not FDA approved for human use as an antiarrhythmic agent, and it is not included in the Vaughan Williams classification of antiarrhythmic drugs.
It is also used as a chiral ligand in organic chemistry, especially in syntheses involving organolithium reagents.

## Biosynthesis

Sparteine is a lupin alkaloid containing a tetracyclic bis-quinolizidine ring system derived from three C$_5$ chains of lysine, or more specifically, L-lysine. The first intermediate in the biosynthesis is cadaverine, the decarboxylation product of lysine catalyzed by the enzyme lysine decarboxylase (LDC). Three units of cadaverine are used to form the quinolizidine skeleton. The mechanism of formation has been studied enzymatically, as well as with tracer experiments, but the exact route of synthesis still remains unclear.
Tracer studies using $^{13}$C-$^{15}$N-doubly labeled cadaverine have shown three units of cadaverine are incorporated into sparteine and two of the C-N bonds from two of the cadaverine units remain intact. The observations have also been confirmed using $^2$H NMR labeling experiments.
Enzymatic evidence then showed that the three molecules of cadaverine are transformed to the quinolizidine ring via enzyme bound intermediates, without the generation of any free intermediates. Originally, it was thought that conversion of cadaverine to the corresponding aldehyde, 5-aminopentanal, was catalyzed by the enzyme diamine oxidase. The aldehyde then spontaneously converts to the corresponding Schiff base, Δ$^1$-piperideine. Coupling of two molecules occurs between the two tautomers of Δ$^1$-piperideine in an aldol-type reaction. The imine is then hydrolyzed to the corresponding aldehyde/amine. The primary amine is then oxidized to an aldehyde followed by formation of the imine to yield the quinolizidine ring.

### Via 17-oxosparteine synthase

More recent enzymatic evidence has indicated the presence of 17-oxosparteine synthase (OS), a transaminase enzyme. The deaminated cadaverine is not released from the enzyme, thus is can be assumed that the enzyme catalyzes the formation of the quinolizidine skeleton in a channeled fashion . 7-oxosparteine requires four units of pyruvate as the NH$_2$ acceptors and produces four molecules of alanine. Both lysine decarboxylase and the quinolizidine skeleton-forming enzyme are localized in chloroplasts.