OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vanilla software

Vanilla software refers to applications and systems used in their unmodified, original state, as distributed by their vendors. This term is often applied in fields such as enterprise resource planning (ERP), e-government systems, and software development, where simplicity and adherence to vendor standards are more important than expanded functionality. By opting for vanilla software, organizations benefit from lower costs and straightforward maintenance, though the trade-off may include reduced flexibility and customization options.
The term "vanilla" has become ubiquitous in computing and technology to describe configurations or implementations that lack customization. In these contexts, it emphasizes simplicity, standardization, and ease of maintenance.

## Origin

The term vanilla is derived from the plain, unadorned flavor of vanilla ice cream, a connotation that dates back to its popularity as a universal base in desserts. Within computing, the term emerged as early as the 1980s, popularized in systems and user interfaces to describe default or base states. For example, IBM's BookMaster system referred to its simplest configuration as "vanilla" and its more complex counterpart as "mocha" to signify additional features.
Eric S. Raymond's Jargon File, an influential glossary of hacker slang, provides a notable definition of "vanilla," associating it with "ordinary" or "standard" states, as distinct from the default setting. The use of the term expanded in the 1990s, encompassing Unix systems, where a "vanilla kernel" signified an unmodified kernel directly from the original source. Video game culture also embraced the terminology, describing unmodified games without add-ons or user-created mods as "vanilla versions." This versatility reflects its adaptability across various domains, from operating systems to web development and gaming.

## Applications
### Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Vanilla ERP systems are frequently deployed to standardize business processes across organizations, minimizing risks associated with customization. While vanilla implementations align closely with vendor-provided best practices, they may limit organizational flexibility, posing the "common system paradox."

### E-Government Systems

Vanilla software is integral to e-government initiatives, supporting data interoperability across agencies. However, while such systems facilitate standardization, studies have highlighted challenges in tailoring these solutions to meet unique institutional needs.

### Software Development Practices

In programming, "vanilla" describes frameworks and tools used without extensions or alterations, which can simplify coding processes and enhance maintainability.

## Advantages and Challenges
### Advantages

* Ease of Maintenance: Streamlined updates due to vendor adherence.
* Cost-Effective: Lower development and testing costs.
* Scalability: Provides a stable foundation for future expansion.

### Challenges

* Limited Customization: May not meet specific business needs.
* User Resistance: Transitioning to vanilla systems can disrupt workflows.
# Edmund W. Hubard

Edmund Wilcox Hubard (February 20, 1806 – December 9, 1878) was a nineteenth-century American politician, appraiser and justice of the peace from Virginia.

## Early life and education

Born near Farmville, Virginia, Hubard attended private schools as a child and went on to attend the University of Virginia in Charlottesville.

## Career

He engaged in agricultural pursuits and was a justice of the peace before being elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives in 1840, serving from 1841 to 1847. He represented the district of Lynchburg. Hubard was not a candidate for re-election in 1846 and instead resumed engagements in agricultural pursuits.
During the Civil War, he was a colonel of a militia regiment in 1864 and was an appraiser of the Confederate States Government to regulate the value of the Confederate dollar.

## Electoral history
### 1841

Hubard was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives with 50.42% of the vote, defeating Whig John T. Hill.

### 1843

Hubard was re-elected with 51.51% of the vote, defeating Whig Richard H. Toler.

### 1845

Hubard won re-election with 49.93% of the vote, defeating Whig John J. Hill.

## Death

Hubard died of pneumonia at his home near Farmville, Virginia, then part of Buckhingham County, on December 9, 1878, and was interred in the family cemetery near the home.
# Annamanum humerale

Annamanum humerale is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Maurice Pic in 1934. It is known from Vietnam.
# Kelly McCormick

Kelly Anne McCormick (born February 13, 1960, in Anaheim, California) is a retired Hall of Fame female diver from the United States. She dove for Ohio State University and twice competed for her native country at the Summer Olympics, winning a silver (1984) and a bronze medal (1988) in the Women's 3m Springboard event.
Kelly is the daughter of the famous diving champion Pat McCormick and diving coach Glenn McCormick. Growing up in Rossmoor, California, in the 1960s and 1970s Kelly’s first sport was gymnastics, and by the age of 13 she was an elite gymnast on the same team with Olympian Cathy Rigby. Kelly attended Los Alamitos High School where she began “playing around” with diving and then attended the Ohio State University to be coached by Vince Panzano, a former Ohio State diver. By 1981 she had made the national team, and over the next ten years became a major figure of international status. At Ohio State, McCormick won four Big Ten diving titles in Conference competition.
In 1982 Kelly won the first of 9 National Championships (6-3m springboard, 3-10m platform) and an Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women 3m springboard championship. In 1983 she won the Pan American Games gold medal, but in 1984 she battled a back injury that hospitalized her for six weeks before the Olympic trials. After being convinced to not quit, she recovered to win the Trials and then the Olympic silver medal on the 3m springboard in Los Angeles behind Canada’s Hall of Famer Sylvie Bernier.
In her second Pan American Games (1987, Indianapolis) Kelly took the gold becoming the first woman to win two consecutive Pan Am springboard gold medals. She won the 1988 Olympic trials with a torn calf muscle and the Olympic bronze medal in Seoul behind Hall of Famer Gao Min of China.
She now coaches at the same facility where she had her last meet, the Goodwill Games at the King County Aquatic Center in Federal Way, WA

## Personal life

She is married to Matt Robertson and resides in Seattle, Washington.
# Mortemer Abbey

Mortemer Abbey (French: L'Abbaye de Mortemer, pronounced) is a former Cistercian monastery in the Forest of Lyons between the present Lyons-la-Forêt and Lisors, some 34 km (21 mi) southeast of Rouen in the department of Eure. It is located on the territory of the commune of Lisors.

## History

It was originally built in 1134 on land presented as a gift to the Cistercians by Henry I of England. The stagnant water of the drainage lake, dug out by the monks to dry up the marshy land around the quick-running Fouillebroc stream, was called the "dead pond" - in French "morte mare" - and gave the monastery its name. The monks constructed what was then one of the largest Cistercian monastery in the world.
Over the centuries, the abbey fell into decline and disrepair. It was rebuilt in the 17th century, but the decline was irreversible and by 1790, when it was dissolved in the course of the French Revolution, only five monks remained.

## Buildings

The 12th-century buildings were already more or less derelict by the time of the French Revolution, and subsequent use as a convenient source of cut stone for local construction reduced them to little more than a ruin. Apart from the cloisters, which are relatively intact, there remains only a shell.
The 17th-century buildings by contrast are well preserved and open to visitors, with guided tours available most of the year.
The abbey site also has a well-maintained 17th-century dovecote, which was also used as a gaol house in the 18th and 19th centuries.

## Legends

There are a number of legends and ghost stories relating to the abbey. Matilda of England was forced by her father Henry I to stay in a room in the abbey for 5 years. After her death in Rouen, she is said to have come back to haunt the place. Her ghost is known as The White Lady. Visitors to the abbey have reported hearing strange noises and feeling a strange presence.
Four monks were murdered during the French Revolution and their ghosts are also said to haunt the abbey. If you meet a cat in the ruins, it is alleged to be a Goblin cat (Norman: eul cat goublin), guarding the treasure of the abbey. There are a number of other legends, giving the abbey the nickname of as most haunted abbey in France.
# Horjand Rural District

Horjand Rural District (Persian: دهستان حرجند) is in Kuhsaran District of Ravar County, Kerman province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Horjand.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 3,025 in 788 households. There were 2,819 inhabitants in 873 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 4,257 in 1,315 households. The most populous of its 45 villages was Horjand, with 784 people.
# Ferris Jacobs Jr.

Ferris Jacobs Jr. (March 20, 1836 – August 30, 1886) was an American military officer, politician, and lawyer. He served in the Union Army in several roles during the American Civil War, and afterwards spent one term as United States representative from New York.

## Biography

Jacobs was born in Delhi, Delaware County, New York, and attended Delaware Academy and Delaware Literary Institute. He graduated from Williams College in 1856; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1859 and commenced practice in Delhi. During the American Civil War he served in the Union Army as a commissioned captain in the 3rd New York Cavalry as lieutenant colonel of the 26th New York Cavalry. He also served as brevetted brigadier general of Volunteers. Later he resumed law practice in Delhi, New York and was elected district attorney in 1865 and 1866. He delegated at the Republican National Convention in 1880, and was elected as a Republican in the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881 – March 3, 1883). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1882, so resumed the practice of law. He died in White Plains, New York, interment in Woodland Cemetery, Delhi, New York.
# Gavriil Beljagin

Gavriil Filippovich Beljagin (also went by Gabriel; Russian: Гавриил Филиппович Белягин; 22 April 1870 – 9 August 1936) was a Russian-Estonian politician who was the deputy mayor of Reval (now Tallinn) from April 1917 to September of that year. He was the city's commissioner until he was selected by then mayor Jaan Poska to serve as deputy mayor in April 1917, when Poska went on to become the commissar of the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia. Beljagin oversaw the establishment of Estonian as the official language of Reval. He resigned just before the October Revolution and the start of the Russian Civil War in late 1917. He was succeeded by Voldemar Vöölmann as the chairman of city government. He later died on 9 August 1936 and is buried at Siselinna Cemetery.
# Sidney Dean

Sidney Dean (November 16, 1818 – October 29, 1901) was a United States representative from Connecticut. He was born in Glastonbury, Connecticut where he attended the common schools and Wilbraham and Suffield Academies. He was a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church from 1843 to 1853, when he retired from the ministry because of impaired health. After leaving the ministry, he engaged in manufacturing in Putnam, Connecticut.
Dean was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1854 and 1855. He was elected as the candidate of the American Party to the Thirty-fourth Congress and as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1859). In Congress, he served as chairman, Committee on Public Expenditures (Thirty-fourth Congress). He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1858. In 1860, Dean reentered the ministry, with pastorates in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island, and finally in Warren, Rhode Island. During the period 1865-1880, he engaged as editor of the Providence Press, Providence Star, and Rhode Island Press. He also served in the Rhode Island Senate in 1870 and 1871. He also engaged in literary pursuits and lecturing. He died in Brookline, Massachusetts in 1901 and was buried in South Cemetery, Warren, Rhode Island.
# Douglas Blackburn

Douglas Blackburn (6 August 1857, Southwark – 28 March 1929, Tonbridge) was an English journalist and novelist, who worked in the Transvaal and Natal between 1892 and 1908. He has been called "the great chronicler of the last days of the Boer republic."

## Telepathy experiments

During 1882-1883, Blackburn with George Albert Smith took part in a series of experiments that were claimed to be genuine evidence for telepathy by members of the Society for Psychical Research. Blackburn later made a public confession of fraud, stating that the results had been obtained by use of a code.
Blackburn's Confessions of a Telepathist: Thirty-Year Hoax Exposed appeared in The Daily News and the Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, 1911. It was re-printed in A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology, 1985.

## Works
### Novels

* Prinsloo of Prinsloosdorp: A Tale of Transvaal Officialdom, 1899
* A Burgher Quixote, 1903
* Richard Hartley, Prospector, 1904
* I Came and Saw, 1908
* Leaven: a black and white story, 1908
* Love Muti, Everett's, 1915

### Non-fiction

* Thought-Reading, or, Modern Mysteries Explained: Being Chapters on Thought-Reading, Occultism, Mesmerism, &c., Forming a Key to the Psychological Puzzles of the Day, 1884
* (with W. Waithman Caddell) The Detection of Forgery: A Practical Handbook For the Use of Bankers, Solicitors, Magistrates' Clerks, and All Handling Suspected Documents, 1909
* Confessions of a Telepathist, 1911
* (with W. Waithman Caddell) Secret Service in South Africa, 1911
* The Martyr Nurse: The Death and Achievement of Edith Cavell, 1915
# József Gulrich

József Gulrich (22 May 1942 – 20 July 2000) was a Hungarian swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Caldisphaeraceae

Caldisphaeraceae are a family of archaea in the order Acidilobales.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
| 16S rRNA based LTP_06_2022 | 53 marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214 |
| Fervidicoccales Fervidicoccaceae Desulfurococcales 2 "Ignicoccaceae" Desulfurococcaceae 2 Stetteria Thermodiscus Aeropyrum Desulfurococcales "Ignisphaeraceae" Pyrodictiaceae Desulfurococcaceae Caldisphaeraceae Caldisphaera Acidilobaceae Acidilobus Sulfolobales Sulfolobaceae | Sulfolobales Desulfurococcaceae Fervidicoccaceae Pyrodictiaceae "Ignicoccaceae" Acidilobaceae Aeropyrum Caldisphaera Acidilobus "Ignisphaeraceae" Zestosphaera {NBVN01} Sulfolobaceae |
# Ferenc Hegedűs

Ferenc Hegedűs (born 14 September 1959) is a Hungarian fencer, who won a silver medal in the team Épée competition at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona together with Krisztián Kulcsár, Gábor Totola, Ernõ Kolczonay and Iván Kovács.
# Derek Nippard

Derek Nippard (1931 – 28 July 2017) was an English football referee. He was the referee at the 1978 FA Cup Final.
# Prince Joseph Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Prince Joseph Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (full name Joseph Ferdinand Maria Michael Gabriel Raphael Gonzaga; 21 May 1869 – 13 August 1888), known in Brazil as Dom José Fernando, was a prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry. Born in Leopoldina Palace, Rio de Janeiro, he was the third son of Prince Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Princess Leopoldina of Brazil. He died of pneumonia at the age of 19 in Wiener Neustadt and is buried at St. Augustin, Coburg.
# College of Physicians and Surgeons of Costa Rica

The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Costa Rica is a professional body responsible for the audit of medicine and surgery in the Republic of Costa Rica. All doctors in the country must be affiliated with it in order to practice the profession legally in Costa Rica. In addition, technicians in different medical fields are incorporated into the institution.
Their offices are located in Sabana Sur, San José de Costa Rica. The present chairman is Mainor Vargas, a specialist in pathology.
# Num, Nepal

Num is a former village development committee currently located in Makalu Rural Municipality of Sankhuwasabha District in the Koshi Province (Previously Kosi Zone) of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2526 people living in 468 individual households.

## Climate

Climate data for Num, elevation 1,497 m (4,911 ft) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.3 (59.5) | 17.6 (63.7) | 20.6 (69.1) | 21.5 (70.7) | 22.3 (72.1) | 25.2 (77.4) | 25.2 (77.4) | 25.7 (78.3) | 24.7 (76.5) | 23.7 (74.7) | 20.7 (69.3) | 17.3 (63.1) | 21.6 (71.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) | 12.0 (53.6) | 15.1 (59.2) | 18.3 (64.9) | 18.7 (65.7) | 21.2 (70.2) | 21.7 (71.1) | 21.7 (71.1) | 20.7 (69.3) | 18.7 (65.7) | 14.8 (58.6) | 11.6 (52.9) | 17.1 (62.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) | 6.4 (43.5) | 9.8 (49.6) | 15.3 (59.5) | 15.0 (59.0) | 17.3 (63.1) | 18.1 (64.6) | 17.7 (63.9) | 16.7 (62.1) | 13.8 (56.8) | 9.0 (48.2) | 5.9 (42.6) | 12.5 (54.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 32.2 (1.27) | 55.9 (2.20) | 103.0 (4.06) | 267.4 (10.53) | 508.7 (20.03) | 824.7 (32.47) | 796.5 (31.36) | 675.7 (26.60) | 554.5 (21.83) | 233.3 (9.19) | 47.9 (1.89) | 20.6 (0.81) | 4,120.4 (162.24) |
| Source: FAO JICA ||||||||||||||
# Kempton, Shropshire

Kempton is a very small village in south Shropshire, England. The village was listed as one of William de Picot's holdings in the Domesday Book of 1086. It lies on the small River Kemp, which it takes its name from.
# Altshausen station

Altshausen station is a railway station in the municipality of Altshausen, located in the Ravensburg district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
# Byron Diman

Byron Diman (August 5, 1795 – August 1, 1865) was an American politician who served as the 18th Governor of Rhode Island.
Diman was born in Bristol, Rhode Island, on August 5, 1795. He worked in a counting-house for over two decades. He was then engaged in the whaling and mill businesses. He served in the Rhode Island Militia and later became Brigadier General. He became a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives for many terms.
He became Lieutenant governor of Rhode Island for three years before winning election as the governor of Rhode Island. He was a Law and Order Party candidate. Although he did not win the majority of votes, he was selected as the governor of the state by the General Assembly. He held the governor's office from May 6, 1846, to May 4, 1847.
He later served in the Rhode Island State Senate for three years serving under Governors James Fenner and Charles Jackson. He was also active in organizing the Republican Party in Bristol. He died on August 1, 1865, and was buried in Juniper Hill Cemetery.

## Sources

* Sobel, Robert and John Raimo. Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States, 1789-1978. Greenwood Press, 1988. ISBN 0-313-28093-2
# Tricia Rose

Tricia Rose (born October 18, 1962) is an American sociologist and author who pioneered scholarship on hip hop. Her studies mainly probe the intersectionality of pop music and gender. Now at Brown University, she is a professor of Africana Studies and is the director of the Systemic Racism Project at the Center for Study of Race and Ethnicity in America. Rose also co-hosts a podcast, The Tight Rope, with Cornel West.

## Early life and education

Born in New York City, Rose lived in Harlem until 1970 when, at age seven, her family moved from their tenement building to Co-op City, a new and large complex of cooperative apartments in the northeast Bronx.
Rose earned a Bachelor of Arts in sociology from Yale University. Earning a PhD degree in American studies, partly under George Lipsitz, from Brown University, Rose became the first person in the United States to write a doctoral dissertation on hip hop.

## Academia and authorship

For nine years, Rose taught Africana studies at New York University. In 2002, she moved to the University of California, Santa Cruz, and in July 2003 became chair of its American Studies department.
Now at Brown University, Rose is the Chancellor's Professor of Africana Studies. From July 2013, to July 2024 she served as Director of the Center for Study of Race and Ethnicity in America and now directs the Systemic Racism Project based at CSREA.
Rose's first book, Black Noise, emerging from her doctoral dissertation on hip hop, sparked academic recognition of this subculture's legacy. The Village Voice placed it among the top 25 books of 1994, and the Before Columbus Foundation, in 1995, gave it an American Book Award.

## Books

* author, Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America (Wesleyan University Press, 1994)
* author, Longing to Tell: Black Women Talk About Sexuality and Intimacy (Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2003)
* author, The Hip Hop Wars: What We Talk About When We Talk About Hip Hop—and Why It Matters (Basic Books, 2008)
* author, Metaracism: How Systemic Racism Devastates Black Lives—and How We Break Free (Basic Books, 2024)
* contributor and, with Andrew Ross, editor, Microphone Fiends: Youth Music and Youth Culture (Routledge, 1994)
# György Ipacs

György Ipacs (30 January 1933 – 26 May 2006) was a Hungarian swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre freestyle at the 1952 Summer Olympics.