OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Penveu

The penveu is a pen-like device developed by the American company, Interphase, for use with digital audio-visual presentations.

## History

In 1991, SMART Technologies introduced an Interactive Whiteboard, on which the image from a projector was displayed. A USB connection allowed the presenter to virtually interact with the projection. Other after-market products aimed at working with existing projectors (Mimio and eBeam) came out after that. Interphase Corporation (Nasdaq: INPH) was founded in 1974, and filed for initial public offering in 1984. In 2010, penveu was invented. The company developed and tested the concepts for two years until unveiling the product at the DEMO conference in Santa Clara, California, on April 18, 2012. On May 30, 2014, the product was released to the market.
Since the product is made of two electronic boards (one in the handheld pen and one in the base station), the engineering department named those two boards the PEN and the VEU (video enhancement unit). PENVEU became the name of the device.
On September 30, 2015, Interphase Corporation announced it had ceased operations and commenced bankruptcy proceedings.

## Technology

The core of the penveu technology surrounds a camera located near the tip of the pen but implemented in two parts of the penveu system: the PEN, and the VEU. The VEU box intercepts the display to add visual targets that include information on its position encoded using a change in brightness. A digital signal processor (DSP) in the pen calculates the position of the tip based on the information retrieved from the targets detected. Since the positioning target system is included in the modified video signal, penveu may not require calibration.

## Awards

Penveu received several awards since its introduction into the market, including the "Best of InfoComm 2012", the 2014 "Innovations in Design and Engineering" award and the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) inaugural Best of Show" award.
# Sascha Karolin Aulepp

Sascha Karolin Aulepp (born 24 September 1970) is a German judge and politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who has been serving as State Minister for Children and Education in the government of Mayor Andreas Bovenschulte since 2021.

## Early life and career

Aulepp was born in 1970 in Hanau and studied jurisprudence, and became an attorney at law in 2001.

## Political career

In 2015, Aulepp succeeded Sarah Ryglewski as a member of the State Parliament of Bremen. In parliament, she served as her parliamentary group's spokesperson on legal affairs and chaired the Committee on Legal Affairs. From 2016 to 2021, she served as the chairperson of the SPD in Bremen.
Aulepp is serving as State Minister for Children and Education in the government of Mayor Andreas Bovenschulte since 2021. State Minister for Children and Education in the government of Mayor Andreas Bovenschulte since 2021.

## Politics

In 2024 Aulepp announced plans to lower qualification standards for kindergarten care staff in order to attract more staff to the facilities. The Ver.di rejected Aulepp's plans and demonstrated against it.

## Other activities

* Stiftung Lesen, Member of the Board of Trustees
* German United Services Trade Union (ver.di), Member
# Cerro Pachón

Cerro Pachón is a mountain in central Chile, located east of the city of La Serena in the Coquimbo Region. The mountain is seismically active. It is the site of the 8.1 m Gemini South Telescope of the Gemini Observatory, and the 4.1 m SOAR optical imager. As of 2020, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory is being constructed at this site.
The mountain site has arid, desert conditions with cacti, shrubs, and wildflowers dotting the landscape. It is host to fauna that include Andean condor, viscachas, and the occasional fox, as well as typical desert species such as lizards, snakes, spiders, and scorpions.

## Observatories

Starting in 1964, Cerro Morado and Cerro Pachón were the subject of routine observations of seeing conditions. Known as astronomical seeing monitors (ASM), these were operated by the Carnegie Institution of Washington.
In 1989, site planning was begun by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory to select two sites for a proposed pair of 8 m telescopes, one in the northern hemisphere and the other in the south. The first telescope would be located on Mauna Kea in Hawaii, while the second would be at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), possibly on Cerro Pachón. It is the highest peak within the CTIO boundary, rising some 500 m higher than the nearby peaks of Cerro Tololo and Cerro Morado. A site survey showed that the seeing conditions on Cerro Pachón rivalled that on Mauna Kea, and it was chosen as the site for the Gemini South observatory. First light for the newly-commissioned telescope took place on January 18, 2002.
The Andes Lidar Observatory was constructed on Cerro Pachón by the University of Illinois and saw first light in 2009. This is an upper atmosphere facility that is supported by the National Science Foundation. It uses ground-based remote sensing instruments to study the atmosphere, particularly between altitudes of 80 to 110 km.

## Gallery

* Wide view observatories from the air, including Cerro Pachón. In the distance are the Andes
* A night view of the Gemini South, the southern half of the international Gemini Observatory on Cerro Pachón with the Milky Way and streak of light left by a meteor in the background.
* Vera C. Rubin Observatory, showing the access road atop Cerro Pachón
# Béla Szende

Béla Szende de Keresztes (born as Béla Frummer on 4 April 1823, Lugoj – 18 August 1882) was a Hungarian politician, who served as Minister of Defence from 15 December 1872 until his death.
As a soldier he took part in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. After the defeat of the revolution he dealt with farming on his possession of Gavosdia.
After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 he worked for the Ministry of Defence as an advisor. József Szlávy appointed him as Minister of Defence, that position Szende kept until the end of his life.
# Henry I, Count of Nassau

Henry I of Nassau, German: Heinrich I. von Nassau († Rome, August 1167), was the first person who named himself count of Nassau.

## Biography

Henry was probably a son of count Rupert II of Laurenburg and an unknown woman.
Henry is mentioned as count of Nassau between 1160 and 1167. He ruled together with his cousin Rupert III.
In 1161, Henry was in the army camp of Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. In 1167, Henry was the commander of an army of the Electorate of Cologne in Italy. Henry died of the plague in Rome in August 1167.
No marriage has been mentioned of Henry, he probably never married.

## Sources

* This article was translated from the corresponding Dutch Wikipedia article, as of 2018-08-25.
* Dek, A.W.E. (1970). Genealogie van het Vorstenhuis Nassau [Genealogy of the Royal House of Nassau] (in Dutch). Zaltbommel: Europese Bibliotheek. OCLC 27365371.
* Hesselfelt, H.F.J. (1965). "De oudste generaties van het Huis Nassau" [The oldest generations of the House of Nassau]. De Nederlandsche Leeuw, Maandblad van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Genootschap voor Geslacht- en Wapenkunde [The Dutch Lion, Monthly Journal of the Royal Dutch Society for Genealogy and Heraldry] (in Dutch). 1965 (11): 354–365.
* Lück, Alfred (1981) [1967]. Siegerland und Nederland [Siegerland and The Netherlands] (in German) (2nd ed.). Siegen: Siegerländer Heimatverein e.V.
* Venne, J.M. van de; Stols, Alexander A.M. (1937). Geslachts-Register van het Vorstenhuis Nassau [Genealogy of the Royal House of Nassau] (in Dutch). Maastricht: A.A.M. Stols’ Uitgevers-Maatschappij.
* Vorsterman van Oyen, A.A. (1882). Het vorstenhuis Oranje-Nassau. Van de vroegste tijden tot heden [The Royal House of Orange-Nassau. From the earliest days until the present] (in Dutch). Leiden & Utrecht: A.W. Sijthoff & J.L. Beijers.
# Pascaline Bongo Ondimba

Pascaline Mferri Bongo Ondimba (born 10 April 1956) is a Gabonese politician. Under her father, President Omar Bongo, she was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1992 to 1994 and Director of the Cabinet of the President from 1994 to 2009.

## Background and political career

Born at Franceville, Gabon, in 1956, Pascaline Bongo is the eldest daughter of Omar Bongo and Louise Mouyabi Moukala.
Pascaline Bongo was appointed as Personal Adviser to the President of the Republic in 1987 and entered the government as Minister of Foreign Affairs in June 1991. President Bongo had entrusted the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to close relatives since 1981. Pascaline's immediate predecessor in that post was her half-brother Ali Bongo, who was several years younger than Pascaline and had been rendered ineligible for a ministerial post by a constitutional age requirement. In her first address to the United Nations later in 1991, she praised the expulsion of Iraqi forces from Kuwait and expressed concern over violence in South Africa. She welcomed reforms in South Africa, but also stressed that further steps were needed to fully eliminate the apartheid system. Noting the collapse of socialism in the Warsaw Pact countries, she said that the world was witnessing rapid change, but she emphasized Gabon's view that the economic gulf between developed and developing countries—the global "north" and "south"—was "the real problem".
Pascaline Bongo remained Minister of Foreign Affairs until March 1994, when President Bongo appointed Jean Ping to replace her. He appointed Pascaline as Director of the Presidential Cabinet at that time.
Following her father's death in June 2009, her half-brother Ali was elected President; immediately after taking office, Ali moved Pascaline from her post as Director of the Presidential Cabinet to the post of High Personal Representative of the Head of State on 17 October 2009. In the years that followed, Pascaline and Ali reportedly had a contentious relationship. She was removed from office on 2 October 2019.
In October 2023, the Paris prosecutor's office announced that Pascaline Bongo will be tried in early 2024 with the company Egis Route, a subsidiary of the French construction group Egis, and five other people for suspicion of corruption linked to public contracts in Gabon in 2010 and 2011.

## Personal life

Pascaline Bongo dated singer Bob Marley in 1980–81, and talked about the relationship in the documentary film Marley (2012).
Pascaline Bongo had a relationship with Jean Ping during the late 1980s and early 1990s; the two had two children. However, Ping was already married and was unwilling to divorce his wife. Ultimately, in 1995, Bongo married Paul Toungui, a prominent member of the government.
# St George's Church, Oakdale

St George's Church is a Church of England church in Oakdale, a suburb of Poole, Dorset, England. It was built in 1959–60 and has been Grade II Listed since 1998.

## History

The first purpose-built church to serve the population of Oakdale was erected in 1932 and is now in use as Oakdale Library. As the suburb's population rapidly grew and Oakdale became its own parish in 1938, a larger place of worship became necessary. The earliest efforts towards a new church dated to 1939 when £2,000 was bequeathed by Miss Gaskell and a one-acre site at Darby's Lane was donated by Mr. R. Aireton.
In 1947, the Western Gazette reported that Oakdale was in "urgent need" of a new church as the original St George's was consistently overcrowded. Enough funds for a replacement had been raised during the 1950s and the designs of St George's were drawn up by Robert Potter and Richard Hare. The foundation stone was laid on 25 April 1959 by Maurice Key, Bishop of Sherborne and the church was completed in 1960 and consecrated in July.

## Architecture

St George's is built of red brick with copper sheeting on its roof. The building has a cruciform plan with short transepts and a tower to the west. The church shares architectural similarities with the Church of the Ascension in Crownhill, Plymouth, which was also designed by Potter and Hare, and opened in 1958. Historic England describes St George's as a "beautifully detailed and crafted church" which displays influences of Ninian Comper and the Liturgical Movement.
# Pukarani (Potosí)

Pukarani (Aymara pukara fortress, -ni a suffix, "the one with a fortress", also spelled Pucarani) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 4,060 m (13,320 ft). It is located in the Potosí Department, Antonio Quijarro Province, Porco Municipality.
# Martinikerk (Groningen)

The Martinikerk (Martin's church) is the oldest church in Groningen, Netherlands. The church and its associated tower (the Martinitoren) are named after Saint Martin of Tours (316–397), the patron saint of the Bishopric of Utrecht to which Groningen belonged.
The church was a cathedral for a short period during the first bishopric of Groningen (1559–1594).
The origins of the Martinikerk are a cruciform church built in the 13th century, which was extended in the 15th and 16th centuries. It contains several 16th-century tombs and Wessel Gansfort's 18th-century tomb. Much of the wall and roof paintwork has been preserved. Of particular note is a 16th-century depiction of the life of Jesus Christ.
The tower was built from 1469 till 1482, with later additions. Citizens of Groningen often refer to the tower as d'Olle Grieze (the Old Grey One). The original 13th-century tower was destroyed by lightning, and a new tower was built in the 15th century, also destroyed by lightning.
Its organ contains stops dating back to 1450, and was rebuilt and enlarged by Arp Schnitger among others. The church and organ are filmed extensively in the documentary Martinikerk Rondeau.

## Gallery

* The Martinikerk and its tower
* Martinikerk Groningen
* Choir vaulting Martinikerk
* Vaulting painting Martinikerk
* Organ Martinikerk
* Organ Martinikerk
* Martinikerk City Atlas by Georg Braun and Frans Hogenberg 1575
* Martinikerk 1594
* The Horse Inspection (Martinikerk in the background) by Otto Eerelman 1920
* Martinikerk 1945
* Martinikerk tower by night

### Photo gallery entrances.

* Side entrance with memorial plaque.
* Side entrance in a masonry arch.
* Entrance to the Martinikerk secretariat.
# Jenő Tombor

Jenő Tombor (3 March 1880 – 25 July 1946) was a Hungarian military officer and politician, who served as Minister of Defence from 1945 until his death. During the Hungarian Soviet Republic he planned a successful campaign against the rebel Czechoslovaks with Aurél Stromfeld.
# Markey

Markey may refer to:

## People

* Alexander Markey (1891–1958), Hungarian-born American film-maker
* Bernard Markey (1935–2003), Irish politician
* Betsy Markey (born 1956), former Democratic U.S. Representative representing Colorado's 4th congressional district
* Brendan Markey (born 1976), Irish soccer player
* Chris Markey (born 1985), American former football player
* Christopher Markey, Massachusetts politician
* Colm Markey (born 1972), Irish politician
* D. John Markey (1882–1963), former head coach of the University of Maryland college football program
* Daniel P. Markey (1857–1946), Michigan politician
* Darragh Markey (born 1997), Irish footballer
* Dave Markey (born 1963), American film director
* Ed Markey (born 1946), U.S. senator and former U.S. Representative from Massachusetts
* Enda Markey (born 1976), Irish stage and television actor
* Enid Markey (1894–1981), American actress most famous for originating the role of Jane in Tarzan films
* Erin Markey (born 1981), American writer, comedian, and performance artist
* Gene Markey (1895–1980), American author, producer, screenwriter, and decorated naval officer
* Howard Thomas Markey (1920–2006), first chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
* Jane Markey, judge of the Michigan Court of Appeals Third District
* Lucille P. Markey (1896–1982), American businesswoman and philanthropist
* Margaret Markey (born 1941), member of New York State Assembly representing District 30
* Mary Jo Markey, American film and television editor
* Mia Markey, American biomedical engineer
* Owen Markey (1883–1968), Irish Gaelic footballer
* Patrick Markey, American film and television producer
* Peter Markey (1930–2016), British artist
* Phillip Markey (1913–2003), American lawyer and member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
* Rob Markey (born 1964), American author, speaker, and business strategist

## Places

* Markey Township, Michigan
# Amelands

Amelands is a dialect of Dutch, spoken on the Wadden Sea island of Ameland. It is especially closely related to the Midslands dialect, spoken in the middle segment of the neighboring island of Terschelling. Amelands, which has about 2,900 speakers, is the only dialect of the Dutch Wadden Sea islands that seems to be maintaining itself in its community, whereas all the other Dutch or West Frisian island dialects are losing ground rapidly in favor of Standard Dutch.

## Phonology

Along with Midslands it is the only dialect of Dutch which does not feature final obstruent devoicing.
# Ian Cumberland

Ian Cumberland is an Irish visual artist. He was born in Banbridge, Co. Down, 1983. His work focuses on portraits with his paintings typically using oils as the primary media. He studied fine art at the University of Ulster. He has won several prizes, the most significant of which was the Davy Portrait Award in 2010. In 2019 and 2020 Cumberland deals in his work with increased commercialization, technological development and its effects on the individual. In doing so, he creates scenes that seem like a private snapshot and transport the viewer into a voyeuristic experience. He develops these by integrating his paintings into an installation consisting of audio and video works, neon light, sculptures and other plastic materials. Through this kind of deconstruction of his created sceneries he achieves a visual construction that alienates the human being within his culture, the influence of the mass media and data surveillance.
In 2011 he won third place overall in the BP Portrait Award from a field of 2400 entries.

## Prizes

* BP Portrait Award, 3rd place, 2011
* KPMG Emerging Artist Award, Royal Ulster Academy, 2010
* Davy Portrait Award, 2010
* KPMG Emerging Artist Award, Royal Ulster Academy, 2009
* Selectors Choice Award, Art Society of Ulster, 2006
* John and Rachael Turner Award, University of Ulster, 2006

## Solo exhibitions

* 2020 "Presence in Absence", JD Malat Gallery, London, UK
* 2019 "A Common Fiction/Once removed", Josef Filipp Gallery, Leipzig, Germany
* 2018 "A Common Fiction", Golden Thread Gallery, Belfast, Northern Ireland
* 2012 Albemarle Gallery, London, UK
* 2008 Albemarle Gallery, London, UK

## Selected group exhibitions

* 2020 "The Contemporary Human Condition", JD Malat Gallery, London, UK
* 2019 "I’ll be your mirror", Josef Filipp Gallery, Leipzig, Germany
* 2018 "A Brand New Darkness", Abridged, Galway Arts Centre, Ireland
* 2017 "Delusional", Jonathan Levine Projects, New Jersey, USA
* 2016 "Portraits of a Nation", Farmleigh Gallery, Dublin, Ireland
* 2015 "BP Portrait Award" (Touring Exhibition), The National Portrait Gallery, London, Scottish National Portrait Gallery, Edinburgh, Ulster Museum, Belfast, UK
* 2014 "Presently", MCAC, Portadown, Northern Ireland
* 2013 "Precious Cargo", The London Street Gallery, Derry, Northern Ireland
* 2012 "182nd Annual Exhibition", The Royal Hibernian Academy, Dublin, Ireland
* 2011 BP Portrait Award, The National Portrait Gallery, London
* 2011 Wolverhampton Art Gallery, Wolverhampton
* 2011–2012 Aberdeen Art Gallery, Aberdeen
* 2010 Davy Portrait Award, Farmleigh Gallery, Dublin
* 2010 Naughton Gallery, Belfast
* 2009 BP Portrait Award, The National Portrait Gallery, London
* 2009 Dean Gallery of the National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh
# Dowlatabad-e Qadim-e Yek

Dowlatabad-e Qadim-e Yek (Persian: دولت اباد قديم1, also Romanized as Dowlatābād-e Qadīm-e Yek) is a village in Darz and Sayeban Rural District, in the Central District of Larestan County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 92, in 18 families.
# David A. Bokee

David Alexander Bokee (October 6, 1805 – March 15, 1860) was an American lawyer, merchant and politician from New York.

## Biography

Born in New York City, Bokee was the son of Frederick and Rachel McKenzie Bokee and attended the public schools. He then engaged in mercantile pursuits while he studied law. He was admitted to the bar, and practiced law. Later he was also a shipping merchant. He married Sarah Ann Dowdny and they had six children, Helena, Frederick, Margaret, Joseph, David, and William.

## Career

Bokee was President of the Brooklyn Board of Aldermen from 1840 to 1843; and again from 1845 to 1848. He was a member of the New York State Senate (2nd D.) in 1848 and 1849. He was also a Trustee of the New York Life Insurance Company from 1848 to 1860.
He was elected as a Whig to the 31st United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Bokee was appointed by President Millard Fillmore as Naval Officer of the Port of New York, and remained in office from 1851 to 1853.
Bokee died on March 15, 1860, in Washington, D.C.; and was buried at the Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn.
# David Marks Bean

David Marks Bean (March 30, 1832 – January 23, 1884) was an American minister.
Bean, the only son of Daniel Q and Ann (Trickey), was born in Tamworth, N.H., March 30, 1832. He entered Yale College from Sandwich, N. H. and graduated in 1858.
In 1858-9, he taught in Stamford, Conn. During 1860-62, he studied in the Andover Theological Seminary, and in 1863 began preaching at Groton Junction (now Ayer), Mass., where he was ordained July 23, 1863. On June 28, 1864, he was installed over the Congregational Church in South Maiden (now Everett), Mass , where he continued until his resignation, October 1, 1867. During the preceding winter he served as a member of the Connecticut Legislature. In December 1868, he was installed pastor of the Congregational Church in Webster, Mass. Becoming seriously ill in December 1870, he resigned his pastorate in May following. In December 1871, he went to Europe, and after visiting also Egypt and Palestine returned in September, 1872. In May 1873, he took charge of the Congregational Church in South Framingham, Mass., and soon after his reluctant withdrawal from professional work in July 1879, was elected Superintendent of Schools for the town. He resigned this position, also, in consequence of pulmonary trouble, and in November 1882, removed with his family to Colorado Springs, Colorado. He died there, of mountain fever, January 23, 1884, in his 52nd year.
He married, in Stamford, Conn., May 27, 1863, Fanny M., daughter of Seymour Hoyt, who survived him with their four daughters.
This article incorporates public domain material from the 1884 Yale Obituary Record.