# 22nd United States Congress

The 22nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1831, to March 4, 1833, during the third and fourth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 United States census. Both chambers had a Jacksonian majority.

## Major events

* December 28, 1832: Vice President John C. Calhoun resigned. The first Vice President of the United States to do so.
* Nullification Crisis

## Major legislation

* July 14, 1832: Tariff of 1832, ch. 227, 4 Stat. 583
* March 2, 1833: Tariff of 1833 (Compromise Tariff), ch. 55, 4 Stat. 629
* March 2, 1833: Force Bill, ch. 57, 4 Stat. 632

## Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

### Senate

* Senate membership
* Beginning of the Congress
* End of the Congress
| | Party (shading shows control) | Party (shading shows control) | Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant |
| | National Republican (NR) | Jacksonian (J) | Nullifier (N) | Total | Vacant |
| End of previous congress | 22 | 25 | 0 | 47 | 1 |
| Begin | 20 | 24 | 2 | 46 | 2 |
| End | 22 | 24 | 1 | 47 | 1 |
| Final voting share | 46.8% | 51.1% | 2.1% | | |
| Beginning of next congress | 25 | 20 | 1 | 46 | 2 |

### House of Representatives

* House membership
* Beginning of the Congress
* Ending of the Congress
| | Party (shading shows control) | Party (shading shows control) | Party (shading shows control) | Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant |
| | National Republican (NR) | Anti- Masonic (AM) | Jacksonian (J) | Nullifier (N) | Total | Vacant |
| End of previous congress | 72 | 6 | 134 | 0 | 212 | 1 |
| Begin | 65 | 16 | 127 | 4 | 212 | 1 |
| End | 63 | 17 | 128 | 4 | 212 | 1 |
| Final voting share | 29.7% | 8.0% | 60.4% | 1.9% | | |
| Beginning of next congress | 62 | 25 | 144 | 9 | 240 | 0 |

## Leadership
### Senate

* President: John C. Calhoun (J), resigned December 28, 1832; thereafter vacant.
* President pro tempore: Samuel Smith (J), first elected December 5, 1831
** Littleton W. Tazewell (J), elected July 9, 1832
** Hugh Lawson White (J), elected December 3, 1832

### House of Representatives

* Speaker: Andrew Stevenson (J)

## Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.
    Skip to House of Representatives, below

### Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1832; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1834; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1836.

### House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

## Changes in membership

These counts reflect changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

### Senate

* Replacements: 7
** Jacksonians: no net change
** National Republicans: no net change
** Nullifiers: no net change
* Deaths: 0
* Resignations: 7
* Interim appointments: 1
* Total seats with changes: 9

### House of Representatives

* Replacements: 9
** Jacksonians: 1-seat net gain
** National Republicans: 2-seat net loss
** Anti-Masonics: 1-seat net gain
* Deaths: 8
* Resignations: 2
* Contested election: 0
* Total seats with changes: 11

## Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

### Senate

* Accounts of James Monroe (Select)
* Agriculture (Chairman: Horatio Seymour)
* Amending the Constitution on the Election of the President and Vice President (Select)
* Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Nehemiah Knight)
* Claims (Chairman: Benjamin Ruggles)
* Commerce (Chairman: John Forsyth then William R. King)
* Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
* District of Columbia (Chairman: Ezekiel F. Chambers)
* Dueling (Select)
* Engrossed Bills (Chairman: John M. Robinson then Asher Robbins)
* Finance (Chairman: Samuel Smith then John Forsyth)
* Foreign Relations (Chairman: Littleton Tazewell then John Forsyth)
* French Spoilations (Select)
* Impeachment of James H. Peck (Select)
* Indian Affairs (Chairman: Hugh Lawson White then George M. Troup)
* Judiciary (Chairman: William L. Marcy then William Wilkins)
* Manufactures (Chairman: Mahlon Dickerson)
* Memorial of the Manufacturers Iron (Select)
* Mileage of Members of Congress (Select)
* Military Affairs (Chairman: Thomas Hart Benton)
* Militia (Chairman: Isaac Barnard)
* Naval Affairs (Chairman: Robert Y. Hayne)
* Nomination of Amos Kendall (Select)
* Pensions (Chairman: Samuel A. Foot)
* Post Office Department (Select)
* Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: George M. Bibb)
* Private Land Claims (Chairman: Elias Kane)
* Public Lands (Chairman: William R. King then Elias Kane)
* Roads and Canals (Select) (Chairman: William Hendricks)
* Tariff Regulation (Select)
* Whole

### House of Representatives

* Accounts (Chairman: N/A)
* Agriculture (Chairman: Erastus Root)
* American Colonization Society (Select)
* Claims (Chairman: N/A)
* Commerce (Chairman: N/A)
* District of Columbia (Chairman: N/A)
* Elections (Chairman: N/A)
* Establishing an Assay Office in the Gold Region (Select)
* Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: N/A)
* Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: N/A)
* Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: N/A)
* Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: N/A)
* Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: N/A)
* Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: N/A)
* Foreign Affairs (Chairman: William S. Archer)
* Indian Affairs (Chairman: N/A)
* Judiciary (Chairman: Warren R. Davis then John Bell)
* Manufactures (Chairman: Michael Hoffman)
* Military Affairs (Chairman: N/A)
* Naval Affairs (Chairman: N/A)
* Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Richard M. Johnson then Henry W. Connor)
* Public Expenditures (Chairman: N/A)
* Public Lands (Chairman: Charles A. Wickliffe)
* Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: N/A)
* Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: N/A)
* Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman: N/A)
* Rules (Select)
* Standards of Official Conduct (Chairman: N/A)
* Territories (Chairman: N/A)
* Ways and Means (Chairman: George McDuffie then Gulian C. Verplanck)
* Whole

### Joint committees

* Enrolled Bills
* The Library

## Employees

* Librarian of Congress: John Silva Meehan

### Senate

* Chaplain: Henry V. Johns (Episcopal), until December 19, 1831
** John P. Durbin (Methodist), elected December 19, 1831
** Charles C. Pise (Roman Catholic), elected December 11, 1832
* Secretary: Walter Lowrie
* Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly

### House of Representatives

* Chaplain: Ralph R. Gurley (Presbyterian), until December 13, 1831
** Reuben Post (Presbyterian) elected December 13, 1831
** William Hammett (Presbyterian), elected December 12, 1832
* Clerk: Matthew St. Clair Clarke
* Doorkeeper: Overton Carr, elected December 5, 1831
* Reading Clerks: [data missing]
* Sergeant at Arms: John O. Dunn