OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saint-Thomé

Saint-Thomé (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sant Thomé) is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France.

## History

Saint-Thomé can be traced back to the Gallo-Roman period, with the earliest mention of the village recorded in the 6th century.
# Vladimer Gaprindashvili

Vladimer Gaprindashvili (born August 14, 1946, in Chiatura, Georgia) is a Georgian engineer recognized for his contributions to the country's gas industry.
Vladimer Gaprindashvili graduated from the Georgian Polytechnic Institute in 1971 and began his career in 1973 as an engineer with the Gas Networks and Regulatory Stations Office of "Tbilgas," under the Main Committee of Georgian Gasification. In 1978, he transitioned to "Saktransgazmretsvi," where he served as the Head of the Industrial Unit for Compression Stations. Between 1982 and 1985, he was sent to the Republic of Cuba on a business assignment, holding various positions.
Upon returning to Georgia in 1985, Gaprindashvili resumed his role at "Saktransgazmretsvi" as the Head of Industrial Operations for Compression Stations. In 1993, he was appointed Head of the Power-Mechanical Unit at the same company. He collaborated within the European Union's TACIS program and, in 1998, underwent professional training at "Gas de France" in France.
In 1999, Gaprindashvili was promoted to Deputy Head of the Saguramo Line-Industrial Division of "Saktransgazmretsvi," overseeing the main gas pipelines. With the establishment of the Georgian Gas Transportation Company in 2000, he became Chief Engineer of the Saguramo Line-Industrial Division and, in 2004, was promoted to Director of the same branch.
In 2005, Gaprindashvili was appointed Head of the Department for the Operation of Main Gas Pipelines and Gas Distribution Stations at "Gas Transportation Company of Georgia" Ltd. Since 2008, he has held the position of Head of Operations Service for Main Gas Pipelines and Gas Distribution Stations within the Engineering-Technical Provision Department.
Vladimer Gaprindashvili has received several state and industry awards, including the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia title of "Honored Worker of the Gas Industry of Georgia."
# Diego Haëdo

Diego Haëdo (died 5 July 1608) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Palermo (1589–1608) and Bishop of Agrigento (1585–1589).

## Biography

On 23 January 1585, Diego Haëdo was appointed by Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Agrigento. On 31 March 1585, he was consecrated bishop by Cesare Marullo, Archbishop of Palermo with Bernardo Gascó, Bishop of Mazara del Vallo, and Desiderio Mezzapica da S. Martino, Bishop of Ugento, as co-consecrators. On 14 August 1589, he was appointed by Pope Sixtus V as Archbishop of Palermo. He served as Archbishop of Palermo until his death on 5 July 1608.
While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of Juan Corrionero, Bishop of Catania (1589).
# The Bakery Tour

The Boudin Bakery Tour, which opened with Disney California Adventure on February 8, 2001, is a tour that shows how sourdough bread is made, hosted by Boudin Bakery.
In January 2015, the Boudin Bakery Tour was given an update. The tour video screens were removed and the attraction is now self-guided and free-flowing. However, the introduction video about the history of sourdough bread remains. In addition, the attraction now includes a touchscreen trivia game.

## Summary

After entering the building, a Disney cast member hands out two pieces of sourdough bread per person. The attraction includes a room with a video screen in front, in which Rosie O'Donnell and Colin Mochrie talk about the history of the bread. After this, guests are able to walk through hallways where they can look through glass windows at a real bakery facility and see sourdough bread being made.
# Blackwater, Dorset

Blackwater is a small hamlet in the historic county of Hampshire and the ceremonial county of Dorset, England. Administratively, Blackwater is part of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole unitary authority. It is best known for the grade separated road junction between the A338 Ringwood to Bournemouth road and the B3073 road to Bournemouth Airport (and to Christchurch in the opposite direction). It was once the site of a ferry crossing on the River Stour.

## Politics

Blackwater is part of the Christchurch parliamentary constituency for elections to the House of Commons. It is currently represented by Conservative MP Christopher Chope.
# Homoloidea

Homoloidea is a superfamily of dromiacean crabs. Homoloidea belongs the group Dromiacea, taxonomically ranked as a section, and is the sister group to Dromioidea. Dromiacea is the most basal grouping of Brachyura crabs, and likely diverged from the rest of Brachyura around the Late Triassic or Early Jurassic. The close relation between Homoloidea and Dromioidea is primarily established through ultrastructural characteristics of the sperm.
The below cladogram shows Homoloidea's placement within Dromiacea:
Recent studies have found that the Homoloidea family Homolidae is paraphyletic with respect to Latreilliidae.
# Nyhedsavisen

Nyhedsavisen was a Danish free daily newspaper based on a new concept of distributing a free newspaper to 500,000 Danish homes that became the most read in the country within 18 month of launch. It was owned by investment and advisory catalyst LundXY.

## History and profile

Nyhedsavisen was first published on 6 October 2006. In its first year the paper had a circulation of 160,000 copies. In March 2007 its circulation was 400,000 copies.
At its inception, the paper was owned by the Icelandic Baugur Group, with minority stakes held by a number of co-founders, including Morten Lund. However, in January 2008, Baugur decided to sell Lund a 51% majority share of Dagsbrun Media, the holding company for the newspaper. For the acquisition, Lund had teamed up with Morten Wagner of Freeway, an owner of popular social networking sites such as dating.dk and arto.dk. It is believed that they bought the stake for a single Danish crown. At that stage, the newspaper had lost close to $50 million. Rumour has it that Morten Lund assumed this debt.
Detractors pointed out that Nyhedsavisen suffered with funding issues from the outset; at launch, analysts were concerned that Baugur's £45m investment was too small to keep it afloat. It was also reported in the Danish press that the newspaper lost 200m Danish crowns over the course of 2007, before Lund's takeover. However, under new ownership it officially claimed the position of most widely read newspaper in Denmark, with a daily circulation of 551,000 copies and A-Pressen have taken over the news paper's on-line edition.
The paper was closed in August 2008 with a reported deficit of approximately $100 million, generated mostly under the previous ownership, making it the latest victim of the so-called "newspaper wars" in Denmark.

## Editorial

The editorial management presented Nyhedsavisen as a new journalistic concept because of its special mix of news stories. The mix was meant to make the news paper a contrast to the established newspapers.
According to the editorial management at Nyhedsavisen the old news papers were too reactionary, because they published too many stories based on the political system. Nyhedsavisen categorized these stories as the World of power.
The idea was to downgrade these type of stories. Instead the news paper should contain much more stores from what Nyhedsavisen named The unknown World and Our world. These two categories respectively contained stories about for instance new science and family life.
The competing newspapers that Nyhedsavisen criticized has denied that Nyhedsavisen contributed with a new type of newspaper.
# Spencer Gettys

Spencer Lee Gettys (June 8, 1916 – November 18, 2004) was an American Negro league catcher in the 1930s.
A native of Rock Hill, South Carolina, Gettys attended Radnor High School where he was a star football player, and went on to attend Delaware State University. He played for the Bacharach Giants in 1936. After a longtime career as a stonemason, Gettys resumed his formal education, receiving degrees from Temple University and Antioch University. He died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 2004 at age 88.
# Alexander Melnikov (politician)

Alexander Grigoryevich Melnikov (Russian: Александр Григорьевич Мельников; 20 October 1930 – 25 December 2011) was a Soviet and post-Soviet Russian politician; Communist Party high-ranking official in 1986–1991; the First Secretary (mayor) of Siberian town of Seversk, the First Secretary (governor) of Tomsk (1983–1986), and Kemerovo regions. In 1990–2000's – head of CIS Ministry Managing department, advisor of the Union State Secretary. One of the leaders of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.
In 1953 after graduating from Moscow State University of Civil Engineering at the age of 23 began his career in Siberia where he started working as an engineer on Sovien Nuclear project near Tomsk (firstly the object was called "Post box number 5", later becoming Tomsk-7 town, the future Seversk town). In 1953–1955 was the supervising engineer of Siberian Chemical Plant.
In 1957 got second higher education in University of Marxism–Leninism, later the same year joined the Communist Party.
In 1959–1963 worked as an instructor and then chief of civil construction department in Tomsk-7.
In 1963–1966 – chief of the Executive Committee of Tomsk-7
In 1965 graduated from Higher Party School.
In 1966 was elected the First Secretary (mayor) of Tomsk-7.
From 1970 to 1983 – on recommendation of Yegor Ligachev worked as the chief of civil construction department of Tomsk Region, deputy secretary and then second secretary of Tomsk Region. (1973–1983). In April 1983 replaced the 'irreplaceable' Yegor Ligachev as the First Secretary (governor) of Tomsk Region.
Since January 1986 chief of the civil construction department in Central Committee of Communist Party in Moscow.
In 1988–1990 he moved back to Siberia – worked as the First Secretary of Kemerovo Region, chief of the Kuznetsk Basin.
In 1990–1991 he worked in Moscow in Central Committee of Communist Party.
After the collapse of Soviet Union, he was one of the creators of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, where he worked as a secretary of Communist Parties Council.
In 1991–1994 – CEO of civil construction company Monolitsroi.
In 1996–1998 – on invitation of RF Minister Aman Tuleyev worked as a chief of Strategy Department in the Ministry of CIS Cooperation.
In 2000–2002 – chief advisor of The Secretary of the Union State.
Since 2002 – president of the International Association of Business Cooperation.
Holding the leading positions in Tomsk region, he made a significant contribution to construction of such towns as Tomsk, Seversk, Strezhevoy, Kedrovy, paid much attention to rural development, improvement of wood, oil, gas and nuclear industries as well as to public needs, thus he is warmly remembered in Tomsk and Kemerovo regions.
Was married, has two daughters, three granddaughters and one grandson.
# Nikolai Gribachev

Nikolai Matveevich Gribachev (Russian: Николай Матвеевич Грибачёв; 19 December 1910 – 10 March 1992) was a Soviet writer and politician.

## Biography

Gribachev was born in to a poor peasant family. After completing the seventh grade, he studied at the hydromelioration technical school. From 1926 he appeared with newspaper publications with poems and journalistic work. He worked in search and construction parties in Karelia, published, in addition to correspondence on special issues, poems and feuilletons (in particular, in the newspaper "Red Karelia" where he headed the department from 1932).
In 1934, he was a delegate to the first congress of Soviet Writers. In 1935, the first book "Northwest" was published. From 1936 he worked in the newspaper "Robitnychiy shlyach" (Worker's Way) in Smolensk, where in 1939 he published his collection of poems.
He took part in the Soviet-Finnish war. In 1941, he volunteered for the army again after the German invasion and was commander of the riflemen of a platoon of a sapper battalion. From 1943, he was a special correspondent of the newspaper "Boevoi Tovarish" ("Comrade in Combat"), where his poem "Rosiya" ("Russia") was first published. In the same year Gribachev officially joined the Communist Party.
From 1950 to 1954 and again from 1956 to 1986 Gribachev was the editor-in-chief of the magazine "Soviet Union". In 1953–1954 and from 1959, he was the secretary of the board of the Union of Soviet Writers.
In 1961, he headed the All-Union Committee to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Taras Shevchenko's death. Author of the article about Shevchenko "Singer of the Brotherhood of Nations" (1964), the poem "Taras Shevchenko" (1964).
Gribachev, according to most of his contemporaries primarily as an official party author who consciously put his poetry at the service of the government. He was one of the main participants of the anti-cosmpolitan campaign, mainly attacking the works of Anna Akhmatova and Mikhail Zoshchenko. However, he sometimes maintained an independent position and helped disgraced writers (for example, Aleksei Adzhubei), sought to award prizes to worthy people. He was one of the signatories of the Letter from a group of Soviet writers about Solzhenitsyn and Sakharov.
From 1980 to 1990, Gribachev served as chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR, being the last person who served in this position.
# CEO Pay Ratio

The CEO Pay Ratio is a wage ratio. Pursuant to Section 953(b) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, publicly traded companies are required to disclose (1) the median total annual compensation of all employees other than the CEO and (2) the ratio of the CEO's annual total compensation to that of the median employee, (3) the wage ratio of the CEO to the median employee.
The proxy season 2018 was the first year that CEO Pay Ratio data was publicly available.

## UK pay ratios

In the UK, all quoted public companies with over 250 UK employees provide pay ratios between their highest earner and pay at the 25th, 50th and 75th percentile of their workforce (UK only). This measure was brought in by the Conservative government with the aim of providing greater transparency on pay. The High Pay Centre publishes a regular analysis of the ratios.
# Jarvis Square

Jarvis Square is a small commercial district within the Rogers Park community on Chicago's far North Side.

## Location

The area is located at the junction of West Jarvis Avenue (7400 N) and North Greenview Avenue (1500 W). which is two blocks from Lake Michigan.

## Schools

Two public elementary schools are within a mile of Jarvis Square; Eugene Field and Stephen F. Gale Community Academy. Secondary education for the area is provided by Chicago Math and Science Academy High School and Roger C. Sullivan High School.

## Name recognition

The name for the area evolved from the numerous week-end Flea Markets that were held during the summers of 2003-2005 by The Harvest, an antique resale shop once located on the southeast corner. New businesses have generated a revival in the Jarvis Square economy since 2000.

## Transportation

Jarvis Square is accessible via the Jarvis stop on the CTA Red Line.

## Events

Jarvis Square was the setting for Rogers Park's first annual Halloween Party for Kids on October 31, 2008. In addition, the office of Joe Moore, former Alderman of Chicago's 49th Ward, was located in Jarvis Square.
# Red Shirts (Thailand)

The Red Shirts (Thai: เสื้อแดง, romanized: Suea Daeng) are a political movement in Thailand, formed following the 2006 coup d'état which deposed then-Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra. Originally synonymous with the United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship (UDD), a group formed to protest the coup and resulting military government, the movement subsequently expanded to include various groups with diverse political priorities. Its members range from left-wing and/or liberal activists and academics to the large number of Thaksin's rural and working-class supporters. The movement emerged as the result of socio­economic changes in Northeast Thailand in the 1990s and 2000s, including a growing middle class, rising aspirations, and an increasing awareness of the extreme inequality and of the fundamentally weak democracy in Thailand, typified by Thailand's primate city problem. Red Shirts group dynamics center on frustrated economic and political aspirations to improve democracy and overcome inequality, which contributed to the 2009 Thai political unrest and the 2010 Thai political protests, as well as shared suffering at the hand of the ruling class hegemony. As with other minorities, the Red Shirts have been dehumanized and demonized, with insults such as "Red Buffalo" (Thai: ควายแดง, romanized: khwai daeng; khwai, 'buffalo', is a common insult in Thai meaning a stupid person), since reclaimed by some of its targets. Their claims for transitional justice following the 2010 Thai military crackdown have been subverted by the Thai state.
# Chknagh

40°35′03″N 44°26′02″E﻿ / ﻿40.58417°N 44.43389°E﻿ / 40.58417; 44.43389
Chknagh (Armenian: Չքնաղ) is a village in the Aparan Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia.
# Nonprofit corporation

A nonprofit corporation is any legal entity which has been incorporated under the law of its jurisdiction for purposes other than making profits for its owners or shareholders. Depending on the laws of the jurisdiction, a nonprofit corporation may seek official recognition as such, and may be taxed differently from for-profit corporations, and treated differently in other ways.

## Public-benefit nonprofit corporations

A public-benefit nonprofit corporation is a type of nonprofit corporation chartered by a state government, and organized primarily or exclusively for social, educational, recreational or charitable purposes by like-minded citizens. Public-benefit nonprofit corporations are distinct in the law from mutual-benefit nonprofit corporations in that they are organized for the general public benefit, rather than for the interest of its members. They are also distinct in the law from religious corporations.

## Religious corporation

A religious corporation is a nonprofit corporation organized to promote religious purposes.
Often these types of corporations are recognized under the law on a subnational level, for instance by a state or province government. The government agency responsible for regulating such corporations is usually the official holder of records, for instance a state Secretary of State. Religious corporations are formed like all other nonprofit corporations by filing articles of incorporation with the state. Religious corporation articles need to have the standard tax exempt language the IRS requires.
Religious corporations are subject to less rigorous state and federal filing and reporting requirements than many other tax-exempt organizations, such as mutual benefit nonprofit corporations, or public benefit nonprofit corporations. Depending on the state in which they are located, they may also be exempt from some of the inspections or regulations governing non-religious groups performing the same services.

### Corporation sole

Religious corporations are permitted to designate a person to act in the capacity of corporation sole.

## Mutual-benefit nonprofit corporations

A mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation or membership corporation, in the United States, is a type of nonprofit corporation chartered by a state government that exists to serve its members in ways other than obtaining and distributing profits to them. Therefore, it cannot obtain IRS 501(c)(3) non-profit status as a charitable organization.
A mutual-benefit corporation can be non-profit or not-for-profit, but it still must pay regular corporate tax rates. A mutual benefit corporation will pay the same taxes as a regular for-profit corporation, with C corporation tax rates. Mutual benefit corporations must still file tax returns and pay income tax because they are not formed for a purpose from which anyone in the world could benefit. Mutual benefit corporations are formed for nonprofit purposes like managing a condo association, a downtown business district, or a homeowners' association.
A utility cooperative is an example of an MBNC.
# The Unsellables (British TV series)

The Unsellables is a British reality show that debuted on 11 May 2009. The television series ended on 5 June 2009. The show aired on BBC One, the television show was also distributed by the BBC. The Unsellables focuses on helping people who have troubles selling their houses. The Unsellables is a housing/building lifestyle show. The television series is based on the original Canadian version of the series.

## Production

The Unsellables is presented by Sofie Allsopp & John Rennie. Rob Carey & Leonie Hutchinson are the executive producers of the series. The series is filmed in the United Kingdom. The Unsellables runs for 30 minutes. The Unsellables is a UK-Canada co-production and is produced by NF-Cineflix (Unsellables UK) Inc. and Media Productions (Unsellables UK) Limited.

## Presenters

The show is presented by John Rennie & Sofie Allsopp. Allsopp is also a presenter of the Canadian version of the series.

## Media information
### Episodes

This is a List of The Unsellables (UK) episodes.
| Episode No. | Title | Original air date |
| 1 | Episode 1 | 11 May 2009 |
| 2 | Episode 2 | 12 May 2009 |
| 3 | Episode 3 | 13 May 2009 |
| 4 | Episode 4 | 14 May 2009 |
| 5 | Episode 5 | 15 May 2009 |
| 6 | Episode 6 | 18 May 2009 |
| 7 | Episode 7 | 19 May 2009 |
| 8 | Episode 8 | 20 May 2009 |
| 9 | Episode 9 | 21 May 2009 |
| 10 | Episode 10 | 22 May 2009 |
| 11 | Episode 11 | 25 May 2009 |
| 12 | Episode 12 | 26 May 2009 |
| 13 | Episode 13 | 27 May 2009 |
| 14 | Episode 14 | 28 May 2009 |
| 15 | Episode 15 | 29 May 2009 |
| 16 | Episode 16 | 1 June 2009 |
| 17 | Episode 17 | 2 June 2009 |
| 18 | Episode 18 | 3 June 2009 |
| 19 | Episode 19 | 4 June 2009 |
| 20 | Episode 20 | 5 June 2009 |

### International broadcasts

| Country / Region | Network(s) | Aired | Notes |
| United Kingdom | BBC One | 11 May 2009 – 5 June 2009 | The Unsellables no longer airs on BBC One. |
| Canada | HGTV BBC Canada | 11 May 2009 – 5 June 2009 2010 – present | The Unsellables no longer airs on HGTV. BBC Canada airs reruns of the series Weekdays at 8:30 am. |
| United States | HGTV | | The Unsellables no longer airs on HGTV. |
| Australia | LifeStyle Home | | LifeStyle Home currently airs the series. |

### DVD/Blu-ray releases

The Unsellables was not released on DVD.

### Online media

The Unsellables was available on the BBC iPlayer until the show got cancelled. The Unsellables was also available on the online HGTV player in Canada and the US until the show got cancelled. Full episodes were also available on the iTunes Store until the series was cancelled. The series was also available on Amazon Video until 2010. People cannot currently watch this series online.