OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Central Pangean Mountains

The Central Pangean Mountains were an extensive northeast–southwest trending mountain range in the central portion of the supercontinent Pangaea during the Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic periods. They were formed as a result of collision between the large landmasses of Euramerica (also known as Laurussia) and Gondwana during the formation of Pangaea. At its greatest elevation during the early part of the Permian period, it was comparable to the present Himalayas. Remnants of this massive mountain range include the Appalachian Mountains and Ouachita Mountains of North America as well as the Bohemian Massif and Massif Central in Europe.
A number of mountain building periods were involved in the formation of the Central Pangean Mountains, including the Acadian, Caledonian, Alleghenian, Mauritanide and Variscan orogenies.
The eastern portions of the range are also called the Variscan Mountains.

## Formation and decline

The Central Pangean Mountains were formed during the collision of Euramerica and northern Gondwana as part of the Variscan and Alleghanian orogenies, which began during the Carboniferous approximately 340 million years ago, and complete by the beginning of the Permian around 295 million years ago, when the range was at its maximum elevation. During the Permian, the mountain range was subjected to intense physical and mechanical weathering, reducing the peaks to around half their original size by the Late Permian (Lopingian) and creating numerous deep intermontane valleys. By the Middle Triassic, the Central Pangean mountains had been substantially reduced in size, and by the earliest Jurassic around 200 million years ago the Pangean range in Western Europe had been reduced to a few upland areas surrounded by deep marine basins.

## Climate

Climate modeling suggests that the Central Pangean Mountains contributed to the deposition of vast quantities of coal in the late Carboniferous. The mountains created an area of year-round heavy precipitation, with no dry season typical of a monsoon climate. This is necessary for the preservation of peat in coal swamps. During the early-mid Permian, the Central Pangean Mountains lay directly beneath the equatorial rainy belt. Data from the loess deposits of the Salagou Formation in France, dating to the Permian, indicates that the upland areas of the Central Pangean Mountains were likely glaciated, despite being located at the equator. Due to their immense size and orientation nearly parallel to the equator, during the Late Permian the Central Pangean Mountains created a rain shadow to the north of the range, blocking the monsoonal rains from the Southern Hemisphere, and contributed to the formation of the immense Zechstein salt deposits in Europe.
# Heaven v Pender

Heaven v Pender (1883) (11 QBD 503, Court of Appeal) was an English tort law case, which foreshadowed the birth of the modern law of negligence.

## Facts

Mahi was the owner of a dry dock used for ship works, and Mudit was a ship painter who was using some staging slung over the side of a ship he was painting, supported by ropes. These ropes had previously been damaged and evidence showed that they were unfit for use. The painter was injured. In a summary advanced in relation to a later House of Lords case, Caledonian Railway Co. v. Warwick (1897), Lord Herschell stated that the dry dock's supporting apparatus
   was part of the facilities which the dock afforded, just as they did by their cranes, their warehouses, or any other appliances, to the vessels that came to use their docks. This particular appliance was in such a condition that a person going upon it, trusting, as he would have a right to trust, that he might go upon it safely because it would bear his weight, was led into what has been called a trap, by which he sustained an injury. He was there upon the invitation of the dock company, and although it is true that the staging was used for painting a ship, it was part of the appliances, supplied by the dock company for purposes connected with the carrying on of their business. It was one of the facilities given by which they induced vessels to use their docks that they did supply these appliances[.] It was said that they had invited the plaintiff to come upon that staging, and that they were responsible if the man so invited was led into the trap by means of which he was injured.

## Judgment

(Brett MR – minority):
   Whenever one person is by circumstances placed in such a position with regard to another that everyone of ordinary sense who did think would at once recognise that if he did not use ordinary care and skill in his own conduct with regard to those circumstances he would cause danger of injury to the person or property of the other, a duty arises to use ordinary skill and avoid such danger.
   Tort law should assume a broad view of this area. If any person with ordinary sense realises that if they did not use proper care and skill, damage could be occasioned to another or another's property from their actions, they should be held liable.

### Court of Appeal

The Master of the Rolls, William Brett, 1st Viscount Esher, suggested that there was a wider duty to be responsible in tort to those who might be injured if "ordinary care and skill" was not exercised.
Brett MR's obiter views would later be expressly adopted by Lord Atkin in the House of Lords in Donoghue v Stevenson, when the general concept of a tortious duty of care in negligence was established under English law.

### House of Lords

The House of Lords was content to decide the case on the basis that a duty of care was owed by an occupier of land (the owner of the dry dock) to invitees (the employees of the contractor who were on the site to the economic benefit ultimately of the dry dock owner).
# Juan Manuel de Rosas (Buenos Aires Underground)

Juan Manuel de Rosas - Villa Urquiza is a terminus station on Line B of the Buenos Aires Underground. It is placed beneath Avenida Triunvirato, between Avenida Monroe and Avenida Franklin D. Roosevelt, in the Villa Urquiza barrio, and is an important transfer center with General Urquiza station in the Ferrocarril General Bartolomé Mitre. It is named after Juan Manuel de Rosas, a politician, army officer and caudillo who ruled the Argentine Confederation almost uninterruptedly from 1829 until 1852.
The station opened for use on July 26, 2013 as part of the extension of the line from Los Incas - Parque Chas. It had previously been planned to open in 2011. It also connects with General Urquiza station on the Mitre Line commuter rail service.
# List of storms named Roke

The name Roke has been used by the Japan Meteorological Agency to name three tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Roke is a male Chamorro name.
* Severe Tropical Storm Roke (2005) (T0502, 02W, Auring) – a Category 1 storm that struck the Philippines
* Typhoon Roke (2011) (T1115, 18W, Onyok) – a Category 4 storm that struck Japan in September 2011.
* Tropical Storm Roke (2017) (T1707, 10W, Fabian) – made landfall in Hong Kong as a tropical depression
* Typhoon Roke (2022) (T2218, 20W, Luis) – a typhoon that did not threaten any land areas
| Preceded byKulap | Pacific typhoon season names Roke | Succeeded bySonca |
# General Quarters (rules)

General Quarters is a set of naval wargaming rules written by Lonnie Gill that were first published in the 1970s. Being quick and easy to play, they have become one of the most popular series of World War I and World War II era naval rules (the rules topped a poll of popular wargame rules among members of the Naval Wargames Society).

## Gameplay

There are currently three versions available:
- GQ1 covered World War II and used a d6 based system.
- GQ2 expanded coverage to World War I whilst also introducing new rules for World War II games; it also introduced a revised combat system that used a d10 in addition to d6.
- GQ3 was a complete revision published in 2006. A revised World War I version was published as Fleet Action Imminent in September 2007.
There are a number of campaign supplements for GQ3. The first is The Solomons Campaign about the World War II Guadalcanal battles. The next is Sudden Storm, a hypothetical campaign dealing with a war between Japan and the United States in 1937, a surprisingly possible occurrence, and one that yields a lot of big gun battles as the United States fights its way back across the Pacific to the Philippines.

## Reception

General Quarters won the H.G. Wells award for All Time Best 20th Century Naval Rules of 1979.

## Review

* Panzerfaust and Campaign Article Index: Number 72 Mar-Apr 1976 - The Blue-Light Manual: Wargame Rules for the American Civil War / General Quarters / Don't Give Up the Ship - "Miniature Warfare: Reviews of New Products" (Review), Don Lowry
# Ainu Party

The Ainu Party (Japanese: アイヌ民族党, romanized: Ainu-Minzokutō, lit. 'Ethnic Ainu Party' or 'Ainu Nation Party') is a moderate 'nationalist' (民族主義) regional political party active in Hokkaido. This is a regional party that defends the interests of the Ainu people. The Ainu Party advocates the interests of the Ainu people, and a "multicultural or multiracial symbiotic society" (多文化・多民族共生社会).
The Ainu Party was formed by a political group from November 2011, and was founded in January 2012.

## Ideology and policy

Ideologies and policies officially stated by the party are as follows:
* Restoration of rights of Ainu people and fulfillment of education.
* Strengthening the Welfare of Ainu People.
* Realization of Multicultural and Multiracial Symbiosis.
* Realization of a (sustainable) society utilized in the cycle of nature.
* implementation of administrative and fiscal reforms.
The party also insists on designating Ainu languages as the official language of Japan, and opposition to the Trans-Pacific Partnership.
# Sabana, Villa Clara

Sabana, also known as La Sabana, or Andrés Cuevas, is a settlement located in the ward of José María Pérez, Villa Clara Province, Cuba. Sabana itself used to be its own ward, but later became a part of José María Pérez. Sabana is located a few kilometers away from the municipal seat of Camajuaní.

## History

Sabana used to be a former barrio of the municipality of Camajuaní, which it still is a part of. In 1902, the barrio of Sabana had a population of 1,602. Sabana bordered the barrios of Santa Clarita, Salamanca, Egido, Santa Fé, and a quadripoint with Guadalupe.
Before Sabana became a part of José María Pérez, it was its own consejo popular, including the settlements of Sabana itself, and El Mamey, El Pesquero, Colmenar, and El Camarón. It became part of José María Pérez sometime between 2019 and 2020.

## Economy

Sabana is one of the most populated settlements in the municipality of Camajuaní that is classified as poor, with many houses not being stable and not having stable infrastructure, with roofs being vulnerable to winds.
Sabana includes the CPA Andres Cuevas, where it gets its nickname name from.

## Education

Sabana has the primary school of Camilo Cienfuegos, named after Cuban revolutionary Camilo Cienfuegos.

## Sports

In Sabana, there is a sports complex which includes baseball, soccer, volleyball, and basketball.
# Nandinho Andrade

Fernando Gabriel Silva Andrade (born 7 November 1996 in Santa Maria da Feira) known as Nandinho, is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a left back for Fafe.

## Football career

On 2 August 2015, Nandinho made his professional debut with Feirense in a 2015–16 Taça da Liga match against Sporting Covilhã.
# Chuck Horn

Charles Frederick Horn (July 20, 1924 – December 3, 2022) was an American politician who served as a Republican member of the Ohio Senate. He represented the 6th district from 1985 to 2000. His district encompassed suburban Dayton, Ohio. In 2000, he faced term limits, and was succeeded by Jeff Jacobson.
# Rúben Gonçalves

Rúben Filipe dos Santos Vieira de Sousa Gonçalves (born 23 December 1998) is a Portuguese footballer who plays for Fafe as a midfielder.

## Football career

Gonçalves made his professional debut with Rio Ave in a 2-1 Primeira Liga win over Vitória F.C. on 23 June 2020.
# Enzo Lamarche

Enzo Lamarche (born 18 September 1997) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for Defensores Ayacucho.

## Career

Lamarche began in Santamarina's youth. He was moved into their first-team during the 2017–18 Primera B Nacional campaign, making his professional debut on 11 December 2017 during a defeat to Deportivo Riestra at the Estadio Eduardo Gallardón. He subsequently featured five more times for them in 2017–18 as they finished twenty-fifth. Lamarche left Santamarina in 2018, subsequently having spells with hometown clubs Botafogo Rauch and Deportivo Rauch in Liga Rauchense.
Ahead of the 2023 season, Lamarche joined Defensores de Ayacucho. As of August 2024, he was still playing for the club.

## Career statistics

    As of 14 July 2020.
Club statistics :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Santamarina | 2017–18 | Primera B Nacional | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
# Philip Delaquis

Philip Delaquis (born 29 July 1974) is a Swiss film and theatre producer and member of the Swiss Film Academy and the European Film Academy.

## Biography

Philip Delaquis was born on 29 July 1974 in Bern. He attended schools in Spiez and Interlaken, graduated in 1994 and worked as a newspaper photographer before enrolling at Bern's School of Design and completing film courses at FOCAL, later acquiring a lic.rer.pol. in business and media science at the University of Bern and Humboldt University of Berlin and launching a TV editorial career with the Swiss Broadcasting Corporation SRG SSR. In his spare time, he made short films and organised film festivals, including DVD ShortICutsIBern & Zurich and the festival Talent Screen. In 2005, Delaquis co-founded the Zurich-based film production company Das Kollektiv für audiovisuelle Werke GmbH.
This company produced several award-winning films, including the feature documentary Yalom's Cure (2014), which screened in cinemas in over ten European countries and the documentary Forbidden Voices (2012), which won the Amnesty International Award and the WACC-SIGNIS Human Rights Award. The company also produced GURU – Bhagwan, His Secretary & His Bodyguard (2011). All the three films were nominated for the Swiss Film Award. Further film productions include the feature film Soundless Wind Chime (2009) by Kit Hung, which won over ten international awards and premiered in the official selection of the Berlin International Film Festival. Together with Barbara Miller, Delaquis established the production company Mons Veneris Films in 2014.
He also developed and produced Dällebach Kari – The musical based on the Swiss figure Dällebach Kari. The production premiered at the Thunerseespiele, then had runs at Theater 11 in Zürich and Rote Halle Bern. He also worked on the musical The Visit – Der Besuch der alten Dame (2013) which premiered at the Thunerseespiele and later was performed at the Ronacher Theatre in Vienna.
In 2024, he partnered with Richard Gere and Oren Moverman for a movie on the 14th Dalai Lama.

## Filmography

* 2006: One Love – Jürg Halter vs Kutti MC (TV documentary)
* 2007: Giraffes Don’t Go to Heaven (animation)
* 2008: FC Murmeli (animation)
* 2008: Sunny Hill (feature film)
* 2009: Soundless Wind Chime (feature film)
* 2009: Die kleine Monsterin (animated TV series)
* 2010: GURU: Bhagwan, His Secretary & His Bodyguard (documentary)
* 2012: Forbidden Voices (documentary)
* 2014: Friedrich Dürrenmatt im Labyrinth (TV documentary)
* 2014: Yalom's Cure (documentary)
* 2015: DÜRRENMATT – eine Liebesgeschichte (documentary)
* 2016: Emily Kempin-Spiry (TV documentary)
* 2018: #Female Pleasure (documentary)
* 2024: Wisdom of Happiness (documentary)
# The Hukilau Song

"The Hukilau Song" is a song written by Jack Owens in 1948 after attending a luau in Laie, Hawaii.

## Covers

The song has been recorded many times by a variety of artists.
* Alfred Apaka
* Ab Orchestra
* Ray Conniff
* Bing Crosby — Return to Paradise Islands (1963)
* Book 'em Danno
* Cruis'n Peidl
* Disney Sing-Along Songs
* Josh Dobrin and The All Saints Gangsters
* Nate Gibson and the Gashouse Gang
* The Hit Crew
* Don Ho
* Big Kahuna and the Copa Cat Pack
* Big Pineapple
* Webley Edwards
* Annette Funicello
* Amy Gilliom & Willie K
* Hawaiian Escape
* George Kahumoku, Jr.
* Gerrit & de Kokosnoten
* Lester Lanin
* Sam Makia
* Marcy Marxer
* The Mauna Loa Islanders
* New Hawaiian Band
* The Ol Leadvocals Band
* Mel Peterson
* Tiny Tim
* Ukulele Magic

## In popular culture

* The song was featured in the American television show South Park in the episode "Do the Handicapped Go to Hell?"
* The song was featured in the American television show Hey Arnold! in the episode "Casa Paradiso"
* The song inspired a line in the Sublime song "Freeway Time in LA County Jail" which reads "And I'm back on the reef/where I throw my net out into the sea/all the fine hinas come swimming to me"
* Alf sang the chorus in the episode “It’s My Party” (Season 4, Episode 14) of ALF (TV series)
* Various versions of the song feature in the resort music loop heard around Disney's Polynesian Village Resort at Walt Disney World.
# Zamkan-e Jonubi Rural District

Zamkan-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان زمکان جنوبی) is in Zamkan District of Salas-e Babajani County, Kermanshah province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Mirabad.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as Zamkan Rural District of the Central District) was 6,998 in 1,495 households. There were 6,213 inhabitants in 1,466 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 5,070 in 1,301 households. The most populous of its 40 villages was Mirabad, with 966 people.
In 2019, the rural district was separated from the district in the formation of Zamkan District and renamed Zamkan-e Jonubi Rural District.
# Python Software Foundation

The Python Software Foundation (PSF) is an American nonprofit organization devoted to the Python programming language, launched on March 6, 2001. The mission of the foundation is to foster development of the Python community and is responsible for various processes within the Python community, including developing the core Python distribution, managing intellectual rights, developer conferences including the Python Conference (PyCon), and raising funds.
In 2005, the Python Software Foundation received the Computerworld Horizon Award for "cutting-edge" technology.

## Overview

The PSF focuses on empowering and supporting people within the Python community with grant programs that support sprints, conferences, meetups, user groups, and Python development. The PSF runs Python Conference (PyCon) US, the leading Python community conference. The PSF is the primary point of contact for organizations that wish to work with Python, to support Python, or sponsor Python development. The PSF provides a structure by which work, donations, and sponsorships are coordinated worldwide. The PSF also possesses and protects intellectual property associated with Python and the Python community, such as the word "Python," the two-snakes logo, and the terms "PyLadies" and "PyCon."

## Membership

There are five tiers of membership within the PSF. These tiers include:
* Basic members – Basic members are individuals or entities who are part of the Python language community and who have decided to declare their support for Python and agree to the community Code of Conduct.
* Supporting members – Supporting members make an annual donation to the PSF to sustain the foundation and support the Python community. Supporting members are eligible to vote.
* Managing members – Managing members are people who commit to working at least five hours per month to support the Python ecosystem, by organizing Python events, managing or contributing to PSF projects, running infrastructure, participating in one of the PSF's working groups, etc. Managing members are eligible to vote.
* Contributing members – Contributing members are people who dedicate at least five hours per month working on projects that advance the mission of the PSF, where the work relates to the creation or maintenance of open source software available to the public at no charge. Contributing members are eligible to vote.
* Fellows – Fellows are members who have been nominated by their extraordinary efforts and impact upon Python, the community, and the broader Python ecosystem. Fellows are nominated from the broader community and elevated by a vote of the members. Fellow members are eligible to vote.

## Code of Conduct

Since late 2012, the Python Software Foundation started recommending that all Python conferences create and apply a code of conduct. This is mandatory to any event to be granted funds by the Python Software Foundation.
# G-Cloud

The Galactic cloud, G cloud, G-Cloud or G-Cloud complex, is an interstellar cloud located next to the Local Interstellar Cloud, within the Local Bubble. It is unknown whether the Solar System is embedded in the Local Interstellar Cloud or in the region where the two clouds are interacting, although the Solar System is currently moving towards the G-Cloud. The G-Cloud contains the stars Alpha Centauri (a triple star system that includes Proxima Centauri) and Altair (and possibly others).
Estimates for the n(H I) particle density in the direction of Alpha Centauri. were made in 2011 by Crawford as 0.1 cm$^{−3}$ and in 2014 by Gry as 0.098 cm$^{−3}$.