OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictyomeridium

Dictyomeridium is a genus of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens in the family Trypetheliaceae. It has nine species.

## Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed in 2016 by lichenologists André Aptroot, Matthew Nelson, and Robert Lücking, with Dictyomeridium proponens assigned as the type species. The seven species they included in the genus were mostly previously classified in the genus Polymeridium, while the type species was known by different names in the genus Campylothelium. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the group of species was distant from the core group of their previous genus. An eight species, from Australia, was added to the genus in 2022.

## Description

Dictyomeridium is distinguished from other genera in the family Trypetheliaceae by its muriform (multichambered) ascospores, the lateral ostioles of its ascomata, and several subtle microscopic differences in the form of the hamathecium and the ascospores. Dictyomeridium species are distinguished from each other by their reaction to the UV test, the dimensions of their spores, and by the presence or absence of a red pigment in their ostioles. All species lack a cortex, and have conical to pyriform ascomata with eccentric (i.e., not placed centrally) ostioles. Sometimes, pycnidia are present.

## Species

* Dictyomeridium amylosporum (Vain.) Aptroot, M.P.Nelsen & Lücking (2016) – pantropical
* Dictyomeridium campylothelioides (Aptroot & Sipman) Aptroot, M.P.Nelsen & Lücking (2016) – Asia
* Dictyomeridium immersum (Aptroot, A.A.Menezes & M.Cáceres) Aptroot, M.P.Nelsen & Lücking (2016) – Brazil
* Dictyomeridium isohypocrellinum (Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Aptroot) Aptroot, M.P.Nelsen & Lücking (2016) – Brazil
* Dictyomeridium lueckingii Flakus & Aptroot (2016) – Bolivia
* Dictyomeridium neureuterae A.J.Marshall, Aptroot, de Lange et Blanchon (2024) – New Zealand
* Dictyomeridium paraproponens (Aptroot, M.Cáceres & E.L.Lima) Aptroot, M.P.Nelsen & Lücking (2016) – Brazil
* Dictyomeridium proponens (Nyl.) Aptroot, M.P.Nelsen & Lücking (2016) – pantropical
* Dictyomeridium tasmanicum P.M.McCarthy & Kantvilas (2022) – Tasmania, Australia
# Arthur Ellis (rugby union)

Arthur Ellis (born 7 June 1990) is a rugby union player who plays at open-side flanker for Rosslyn Park. His father played for Wales Schools, Neath and was an Oxford Blue. Ellis attended St Benedict's School, Ealing.
Arthur Ellis played for Wales U16s before representing England at U18, 19 and 20 level. His older brother, Hugo Ellis also represented England U20. Arthur Ellis left London Wasps in June 2010 to join Newport Gwent Dragons. He was released by Newport Gwent Dragons at the end of the 2010–11 season and joined Bridgend Ravens. He has made several appearances for the Ospreys (rugby union) in the Anglo-Welsh Cup and made his first league appearance in the Pro12 against Edinburgh Rugby on 22 February 2013. Ellis also attends and plays rugby for Cardiff University.
# Lye (disambiguation)

Lye is a caustic chemical, usually referring to sodium hydroxide.
Lye or LYE may also refer to:

## Places

* Lye, West Midlands, a town in England
* Lye, Indre, a commune of the Indre département in France
* Lye railway station, England, whose National Rail station code is LYE
* RAF Lyneham, a former Royal Air Force station in Wiltshire, England whose IATA code is LYE

## People

* Edward Lye (1694–1767), English scholar
* Len Lye (1901–1980), New Zealand-born artist
* James Lye, Singaporean actor
* Kåre Arnstein Lye (1940–2021), Norwegian botanist
# Roman Sklyar

Roman Vasilievich Sklyar (/roʊˈmɑːn sklɑːr/; Cyrillic: Роман Васильевич Скляр,; born 8 May 1971) is a Kazakh politician and economist who's currently serving as the First Deputy Prime Minister from January 2022. During his tenure, he was briefly the Acting Prime Minister of Kazakhstan in February 2024.
Sklyar was the deputy akim of Pavlodar from 2005 to 2006, deputy and first deputy akim of Pavlodar Region from 2008 to 2011, Vice Minister of Transport and Communications from 2011 to 2013, member of the Mäjilis and Vice Minister of National Economy in 2016, Vice and First Vice Minister for Investment and Development from 2016 to 2019, and Minister of Industry and Infrastructure Development in 2019.

## Biography
### Early life and education

Sklyar was born in the city of Pavlodar. He graduated from the Pavlodar State University with a degree in Civil Engineering, Moscow Institute of Modern Business with a degree in Economics and the Kazakh Institute of Law and International Relations.

### Career

He began his career in 1989 as a fitter and installer at the Ekibastuzugleavtomatika MNU, and later worked as a safety engineer at Vakhinvest JV and in various commercial structures.
From 2005 to 2006, Sklyar held the posts of chief of staff, deputy akim of Pavlodar. From 2006 to 2007 he worked as head of the infrastructure development department of the apparatus of the akim of Astana. From 2007, he worked as the Director of the Department of Energy and Public Utilities of the city of Astana. From 2008 to 2011, he held the posts of deputy and first deputy akim of Pavlodar Region.
In May 2011, Sklyar became the Vice Minister of Transport and Communications. From 2014 to 2016 he worked as vice president of Kazakhstan Temir Zholy JSC.
In 20 March 2016 elections, Sklyar was elected to the Mäjilis from the Nur Otan party list where he served as Chairman of the Committee on Economic Reform and Regional Development. From May to December 2016 he worked as Vice Minister of the National Economy.
On 23 December 2016, Sklyar became the Vice Minister for Investment and Development. He was then the First Vice Minister from 18 January 2018. After the government of Bakhytjan Sagintayev was dismissed on 21 February 2019, Sklyar became the Minister of Industry and Infrastructure Development on 25 February under Prime minister Askar Mamin.
On 18 September 2019, he was appointed as the Deputy Prime Minister.
On 5 February 2024, the government of Älihan Smaiylov completely resigned. President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev appointed Sklyar as acting Prime Minister of Kazakhstan. He was replaced the next day by his duly-nominated successor, Oljas Bektenov.
# MV Lochnevis

MV Lochnevis (Scottish Gaelic: Loch Nibheis) is a ferry launched in 2000 and operated by Caledonian MacBrayne, serving the Small Isles of Scotland.

## History

Lochnevis was launched by Rev. Alan Lamb and Sarah Boyack at Ailsa Shipbuilding, Troon on 6 May 2000 and entered service on 1 November 2001.

## Layout

Lochnevis' appearance is dominated by a large stern vehicle ramp. This allows her to berth a considerable distance from a slipway, protecting her exposed Azimuth thrusters in shallow waters. She can carry 190 passengers and 14 cars, although due to vehicle restrictions on the Small Isles, she usually carries few vehicles. The car deck is also used for goods for the islands. The starboard gangway entrance is used at Canna.
Forward of the car deck is crew accommodation, with the cafeteria, serving area, and galley above. On the next deck, the observation lounge has seating arranged diagonally. Officers' accommodation lies forward of the lounge, while heavy side doors lead to the open deck.
Passengers can enjoy the view ahead from an open bow – a rarity on current ferries. Aft of the lounge is outside seating, again laid out in a diagonal arrangement. Further aft are the fast rescue craft (port) and a single funnel and the hydraulic goods crane (starboard).

## Service

Lochnevis replaced the 20-year-old Lochmor on the Small Isles service. She serves the islands of Eigg, Canna, Rùm and Muck from Mallaig, taking 7 hours for a round of the four islands, compared with ten hours by her predecessor. Initially, Lochnevis, like Lochmor, at islands apart from Canna, was met by a ferry boat. In the years following her introduction, new piers and slipways have been built on all the islands, allowing Lochnevis to berth stern-to.
During the winter, Lochnevis adds the Mallaig – Armadale roster. In the early years, she was relieved by MV Pioneer, but since that vessel's sale, MV Raasay, MV Loch Bhrusda and various charter boats have been used.
On 2 September 2024, Lochnevis departed for her scheduled annual overhaul period, she was relieved by MV Loch Bhrusda with chartered vessels MV Sheerwater & MV Larven operating a passenger only service. Lochnevis was scheduled to return from her overhaul on 21 September, however this was delayed twice due to additional repairs being required. She returned to service on 13 October.
# Emil Kalsaas

Emil Kalsaas (born 7 April 2000) is a Norwegian football defender who plays for Åsane.
He started his career in FK Fyllingsdalen, playing on the senior team in 2016 and 2017 before joining the junior team of SK Brann in 2018. He was also a prolific Norway youth international player. Kalsaas made his senior Brann debut in the 2019 Norwegian Football Cup against Arne-Bjørnar, and made his Eliteserien debut in October 2019 against Bodø/Glimt. In 2020 he was loaned out to Åsane for the entire season. His contract with Brann expired after the 2020 season and was not renewed.
# Međeđa (Kozarska Dubica)

Međeđa is a village in the municipality of Kozarska Dubica, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The village is mostly inhabited by Serbs.

## Notable people

* Philip Zepter, businessman
* Zoran Lončar, politician
* Savo Lončar, politician

## History
### World War II

A mass grave of Ustaše victims from the Jasenovac concentration camp, most of whom were children, was located on the estate of the Lončar family in Međeđa. At the decision of the SFR Yugoslavian government in 1956, the mass grave was backfilled to make space for Sava river walls.
In the villages Drakulić, Demirovac, and Međeđa, Ustaše enjoined the young Serbian girls to "pull their skirts up, and pricked them between the legs".
In 1942, Ustaše soldiers ordered inhabitants from the Prijedor canton village of Međeđa and many other neighboring villages to prepare themselves for departure within ten minutes. The 8,000 people who assembled were transported to a barbed wire-enclosed field near the railway station in Hrvatska Dubica. There some of them were executed (by fusillade); the others were sent to concentration camps. Those who survived were, after a long time, sent to Serbia.
# Willie Isz

Willie Isz is an American alternative hip hop duo comprising Khujo of Goodie Mob and Jneiro Jarel of Shape of Broad Minds. Their first album Georgiavania was released on Lex Records in 2009.

## Discography
### Albums

* Georgiavania (2009, Lex Records)

### Remixes

* Massive Attack - "Atlas Air (Lavender Jungle Remix)" (2009)
* Maxwell - "Pretty Wings (Willie Isz Remix)" (2009)
* TV on the Radio - "Shout Me Out (Willie Isz Remix)" (2009)
* Maximum Balloon feat. Theophilus London - "Groove Me (Remix)" (2010)
# Eric Kitolano

Eric Bugale Kitolano (born 2 September 1997) is a Norwegian football midfielder who plays for Lillestrøm.

## Career

Kitolano started his career in Gulset IF, playing on the senior team on the sixth tier before joining the junior team of Odd in 2014. He made his senior debut for Odd in the 2016 Norwegian Football Cup, with two cup games against Tollnes and FK Tønsberg. However he was shipped out to Notodden FK, and Ull/Kisa in 2018.
In 2020 Kitolano joined Tromsø IL, helped win promotion from the 2020 1. divisjon by scoring double digits, and made his Eliteserien debut in May 2021 against Bodø/Glimt.
On 6 January 2023, Kitolano signed for Molde on a three-year contract.
After only one season at Molde, in February 2024, Kitolano moved to Lillestrøm on a three-year contract.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 24 November 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Gulset | 2013 | 5. divisjon | 12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 12 | 3 |
| Gulset | Total | Total | 12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 12 | 3 |
| Odd | 2016 | Tippeligaen | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Odd | Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Notodden | 2017 | 2. divisjon | 21 | 4 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 24 | 4 |
| Notodden | Total | Total | 21 | 4 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 24 | 4 |
| Ullensaker/Kisa | 2018 | 1. divisjon | 30 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 33 | 3 |
| Ullensaker/Kisa | 2019 | 1. divisjon | 30 | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 32 | 5 |
| Ullensaker/Kisa | Total | Total | 60 | 6 | 5 | 2 | — | — | 65 | 8 |
| Tromsø | 2020 | 1. divisjon | 28 | 11 | — | — | — | — | 28 | 11 |
| Tromsø | 2021 | Eliteserien | 28 | 4 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 30 | 4 |
| Tromsø | 2022 | Eliteserien | 29 | 13 | 3 | 3 | — | — | 32 | 16 |
| Tromsø | Total | Total | 85 | 28 | 5 | 3 | — | — | 90 | 31 |
| Molde | 2023 | Eliteserien | 23 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 38 | 6 |
| Molde | 2024 | Eliteserien | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Molde | Total | Total | 23 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 40 | 6 |
| Lillestrøm | 2024 | Eliteserien | 24 | 3 | 4 | 1 | — | — | 28 | 4 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 225 | 48 | 26 | 8 | 11 | 0 | 261 | 56 |
* ↑ Four appearances in UEFA Champions League and five appearances in UEFA Europa League
* ↑ Appearance in UEFA Europa Conference League

## Personal life

He is the older brother of fellow footballers John and Joshua Kitolano.

## Honours
### Club

Molde
* Norwegian Cup: 2023
# Vespasian Warner

Vespasian Warner (April 23, 1842 – March 31, 1925) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

## Biography

Born in Mount Pleasant (now Farmer City), De Witt County, Illinois, Warner moved with his parents to Clinton, Illinois, in 1843. He attended public schools in Clinton, and Lombard College in Galesburg, Illinois. He also studied law in Clinton. Enlisted as a private in Company E, 12th Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, June 13, 1861. He was promoted to sergeant June 23, 1861, second lieutenant February 4, 1862, captain and commissary of subsistence February 10, 1865. He was brevetted major March 13, 1865, and was mustered out July 13, 1866. After his military service, he enrolled in the law department of Harvard University, graduating in 1868. He returned to Illinois the same year to practice law in his hometown of Clinton, Illinois. His law partner was his father-in-law, Clifton H. Moore.
Warner was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1905).
He served as chairman of the Committee on Revision of the Laws (Fifty-fifth through Fifty-eighth Congresses).
In 1904, Warner ran for Governor of Illinois as a Republican, but he failed to win his party's nomination. The Republican nominee Charles S. Deneen won the general election. After the election, President Theodore Roosevelt nominated Warner for the job of United States Commissioner of Pensions, heading an agency within the Department of the Interior which was roughly equivalent to today's Department of Veterans Affairs. Warner served from March 4, 1905, until November 25, 1909.
He engaged in business in Clinton, Illinois, as a banker and realty owner and agent. He died in Clinton on March 31, 1925. He was interred in Woodlawn Cemetery.

## Vespasian Warner Public Library District

Warner's father-in-law, Clifton H. Moore, was an avid book collector. When Moore died in 1901, he left his collection of books to the city of Clinton, provided a proper library could be constructed to house it. In 1906, Warner donated $25,000 and a plot of land to the city for a public library. The Vespasian Warner Public Library opened to the public in 1908 and continues operation to this day.
# Kara Clark

Kara Clark is an American wind turbine and large-scale power systems researcher and electrical engineer known for her research on modeling wind power generation. She was elected an IEEE fellow in 2012.

## Biography

Kara Clark earned her Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado in 1984, followed by her M.Sc. in electrical power engineering from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, in 1987.
Clark worked at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado, on issues related to the integration of significant levels of wind and solar generation into the bulk transmission system. She led Phase 3 of the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study, which analyzed frequency response and transient stability with high renewable penetration.
In Troy, New York, before joining NREL, she worked with General Electric Corporation's Energy Applications and System Engineering group as a principal contributor to many of the key U.S. wind integration studies and the development of dynamic models of wind and solar plants. Her focus was on wind-turbine generators and wind plant controls and included modeling for both cycle-by-cycle and fundamental frequency analysis and analyzing the impact of significant levels of wind and solar generation on power system performance. As a principal contributor to the New York, California and Western Wind and Solar integration studies, she actively participated on the team that earned both the 2007 American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) Technical Achievement Award and the 2010 Utility Wind Industry Group (UWIG) Achievement Award.
She has authored many technical papers and is a registered Professional Engineer in New York.
Clark was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2012 citing her "contributions to the modeling of wind power generation."

## Selected works

* Clark, Kara, Nicholas W. Miller, and Juan J. Sanchez-Gasca. "Modeling of GE wind turbine-generators for grid studies." GE energy 4 (2010): 0885-8950.
* Miller, Nicholas W., Kara Clark, and Miaolei Shao. "Frequency responsive wind plant controls: Impacts on grid performance." In 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, pp. 1-8. IEEE, 2011.
* Milligan, Michael, Bethany Frew, Brendan Kirby, Matt Schuerger, Kara Clark, Debbie Lew, Paul Denholm, Bob Zavadil, Mark O'Malley, and Bruce Tsuchida. "Alternatives no more: Wind and solar power are mainstays of a clean, reliable, affordable grid." IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 13, no. 6 (2015): 78-87.
* Denholm, Paul, Kara Clark, and Matt O'Connell. "On the path to sunshot-emerging issues and challenges in integrating high levels of solar into the electrical generation and transmission system." (2016).
# Harry Elrington

Harry Elrington (born 5 December 1993) is an English rugby union player who plays for Gloucester in the Premiership Rugby.
Elrington joined the London Irish academy following his graduation from Loughborough University for the 2015–16 season. He had a loan spell with Rosslyn Park in the National League 1 competition for development. He made his debut in the RFU Championship match with a 36–12 victory over Richmond.
On 7 April 2017, Elrington signed his first professional contract with London Irish, thus promoted to the senior squad from the 2017–18 season. After six seasons playing at Brentford Community Stadium, he departed London Irish to sign for Premiership rivals Gloucester from the 2021–22 season.
Elrington was called up to the England squad on 15 November 2021 as cover for their game against South Africa as part of the 2021 Autumn Nations Series.
# Vladimir Mažuranić

Vladimir Mažuranić (16 October 1845 – 17 January 1928) was a Croatian lawyer, lexicographer and academic.

## Life

He was born in Karlovac, as the son of Croatian Ban and writer Ivan Mažuranić, and father of writer Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić. He studied law in Vienna and received a degree at the Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb in 1866.
He worked in the civil service, in the judicial and law services in Karlovac and Ogulin, serving as a president of the Tabula Banalis (1898–1912). He became a full member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts in 1913, serving as its president in 1918–1921. He was an honorary member of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, and Shevchenko Scientific Society in Lviv, Ukraine. He was also a member of Brethren of the Croatian Dragon.
His main work was Prinosi za hrvatski pravno-povjestni rječnik ("Contributions to the Croatian legal-historical dictionary", I–II, 1908–22), in which he collected and analyzed legal-historical Croatian lexical heritage.
He died 1928 in Zagreb.

## Works

* Grof Ivan, 1883.
* O rječniku pravnog nazivlja hrvatskoga, 1902.
* Prinosi za hrvatski pravno-povjestni rječnik, 1908.
* Dodatci uz prinose za hrvatski pravno-povjestni rječnik, 1923.
* Pjesme Ivana Mažuranića
* Izvori dubrovačkoga historika Jakova Lukarevića, 1924.
* Melek "Jaša Dubrovčanin" u Indiji god. 1480.-1528. i njegovi prethodnici u Islamu prije deset stoljeća, 1925.
* Pozdrav bratski sa našega Jadrana, 1925.
* Gebalim, 1927.
* Suedslaven im Dienste des Islams (vom X. bis ins XVI. Jahrhundert): ein Forschungsbericht aus Kroatisch erschienenen Studien, 1928.
* Civitatensis, 1931.
* Urbicus, 1931.
# Sunshine & Whiskey (song)

"Sunshine & Whiskey" is a song recorded by American country music artist Frankie Ballard. It was released in April 2014 as the second single from Ballard's second studio album, of the same name. The song was written by Jaren Johnston and Luke Laird.
"Sunshine & Whiskey" peaked at number one on the Billboard Country Airplay chart, giving Ballard his second number-one hit on that chart. It also charted at numbers 5 and 57 on both the Hot Country Songs and Hot 100 charts respectively. The song was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and has sold 590,000 copies in the United States as of December 2014. It received similar chart success in Canada, peaking at number 4 on the Canada Country chart and number 75 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart. It received a Gold certification from Music Canada, denoting sales of 40,000 units in that country.
The accompanying music video for the song was directed by Jack Guy.

## Critical reception

The song received a favorable review from Taste of Country, calling the song "catchy and easy to appreciate from the very first listen" and predicting that "‘Sunshine & Whiskey’ should help [Ballard] establish himself as a newcomer to watch in 2014."

## Music video

The music video was directed by Jack Guy and premiered in September 2014.

## Chart performance

"Sunshine & Whiskey" debuted at number 59 on the U.S. Billboard Country Airplay chart for the week of April 19, 2014. It also debuted at number 44 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart for the week of May 17, 2014. It entered the Billboard Hot 100 at No. 100 on the chart dated July 26, 2014, and peaked at No. 57 on the chart dated November 8, 2014. The song has sold 590,000 copies in the U.S as of December 2014.
| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 75 |
| Canada Country (Billboard) | 4 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 57 |
| US Country Airplay (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 5 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2014) | Position |
| US Country Airplay (Billboard) | 8 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 24 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 40,000$^*$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Hassan Ghaznavi

Ashrafuddin Abu Muhammad Hasan ibn Muhammad Husayni Ghaznavi (Persian: اشرف‌الدین ابو محمد حسن بن محمد حسینی غزنوی) known as Ashraf (اشرف) was a 12th-century Persian poet. A sayyid, he boasted of his lineage from the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in his poetry.
Originating from Ghazna now in Afghanistan, he served mostly under Bahram-Shah of the Ghaznavid dynasty. He also served Sultan Sanjar for a while. He died in Azadvar, Iran, where he is buried.
His divan contains 83 ghazals.
He died around 1160 or 1161.
# Novoivanovskoye

Novoivanovskoye (Russian: Новоивановское) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Odintsovsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: 6,003 (2010 Census);