OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas J. Kirkpatrick

Thomas Jellis Kirkpatrick (July 31, 1829 – October 17, 1897) was an American lawyer, politician and soldier.

## Early and family life

Kirkpatrick was born in Cumberland County, Virginia, to John Kirkpatrick and his wife Jane Maria Jellis.
On March 3, 1852, Kirkpatrick married Fortunata Sydnor. Her parents were Fortunatus Sydnor and Elizabeth Royall, who was descended from patriot Benjamin Watkins of Chesterfield County. They had several children, of whom at least Elizabeth Sydnor Kirkpatrick (b. 1858), Fortunatus Sydnor Kirkpatrick (b. 1862) and Thomas J. Kirkpatrick Jr. (b. 1868) survived to adulthood. By 1880, Thomas Jr. and daughter Susan were away at boarding school, and Thomas Sr and his wife lived with three daughters and a young son, along with two servants and two boarders.

## Career

By 1850, Kirkpatrick had begun his legal practice in Lynchburg, where he lived with his widowed mother and four sisters. In 1855, he became the first president of the local YMCA, and he would lead the First Presbyterian Sunday School for five decades. By 1860, Kirkpatrick was a trustee of Washington College in Lexington, and continued to serve on that board until 1870.
In February 1861, Kirkpatrick ran for the Virginia Secession Convention as a Disunion candidate from Lynchburg alongside John Goggin, but voters instead elected Unionists John M. Speed and Charles R. Slaughter, perhaps acceding to the constant pleas of The Virginian newspaper.
After Virginia declared its secession in April and joined the American Civil War, Kirkpatrick organized a company called the "Amherst Light Artillery" on July 24, 1861, and became its captain. In 1862, he notified Lynchburg that Brig. General Samuel Garland, Jr. had been killed in battle in Boonsboro, Maryland. Capt. Kirkpatrick was promoted to full major on February 18, 1865. His wife and Narcissa Owen (whose husband Kirkpatrick would succeed in the state Senate), both active in St. Paul's Church, led about 500 Lynchburg women in sewing uniforms and otherwise helping Confederate troops.
After war ended, Kirkpatrick resumed his legal practice, as well as became Lynchburg's superintendent of schools, operating four white and two Negro schools. A Catholic school and two private schools to teach boys and girls, respectively, were also founded at the time.
In December 1871, Kirkpatrick succeeded Robert L. Owen Sr., who had bought a plantation near Norfolk, in representing Campbell County in the Virginia State Senate. Kirkpatrick was not re-elected, but succeeded on December 1, 1875, by fellow Confederate veteran and Conservative Democrat John W. Daniel. By 1891, Kirkpatrick was a trustee of Howard University in Washington, D.C., with his status changing to honorary by 1894.

## Death and legacy

Kirkpatrick died in Lynchburg on October 17, 1897, and was buried in the Presbyterian cemetery.
# Thomas Shanks (politician)

Thomas Shanks (July 15, 1796 – May 7, 1849) was an American slave owner and politician who won three elections to represent Botetourt County in the Virginia House of Delegates.

## Early and family life

Born near what would become Amsterdam, Virginia, Thomas Shanks was the son of the former Hannah Morrison and her husband David Shanks. Thomas Shanks survived two wives. He married Grace Metcalfe Thomas (1795–1833) in 1825, and she bore two daughters and a son who survived their parents. Five years after her death, Thomas Shanks married widow Mary T. Harvey Kyle (1797–1845) on June 16, 1838, but had no further children in the seven years before her death.

## Career

Botetourt County voters first elected Shanks to represent them (part-time) as one of Botetourt County's two representatives in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1829. He temporarily unseated veteran politician and lawyer Fleming B. Miller and served alongside lawyer and manufacturer John T. Anderson, who would become a veteran legislator. Nearly a decade later, in 1837, Botetourt County voters elected Shanks once again as one of their delegates, this time alongside Whig and fellow slaveowner William M. Peyton, and re-elected both men that fall, although the following year a census realignment cut the county's representation to just one man, Joseph Hannah.
Thomas Shanks may have been a merchant (or even a slave trader), for the New and Comprehensive Gazetteer of Virginia published by Joseph Martin in 1835 described six mercantile establishments in Fincastle, as well as 3 churches and 260 homes. One of the general stores was run by Kyles, another by Utz and Hannah, and another by Shanks and Anderson. However, Thomas Shanks' name does not appear in the 1830 U.S. federal census (the enumerator found only David, Christian and Lewis Shanks in Botetourt County). In the 1840 U.S. Federal census, the last before his death as well as the last before listing occupations, Thomas Shanks appears on both the Fincastle page (as head of a household consisting of 4 free white persons and 11 slaves, mostly female), as well as on the general Botetourt County census enumeration (as owning 36 enslaved males).

## Death

Thomas Shanks died on May 7, 1849 (aged 52) and is buried at the Fincastle Presbyterian Church cemetery. His son, Rev. David William Shanks (1830–1894), would receive a degree from Washington College, become a minister in Rockbridge County and later in Danville, survive the American Civil War and likewise marry twice. Thomas Shanks' two daughters who survived him were: Grace Ellen Shanks Glasgow (1826–1897) (second wife of William A. Glasgow and both of whose sons would graduate from Washington and Lee University and become lawyers) and Eliza Cassandra Shanks McPheeters (1827–1872). Rev. D.W. Shanks neither owned slaves nor enlisted in the military, and in addition to his sons Lewis and David Shanks, had three long-lived but unmarried daughters: Margaret Cabell Shanks (1867–1935), Eliza McPheeters Shanks (1868–1938) and Juliet Irvine Shanks (1869–1958).
# Charles E. Stuart (Virginia politician)

Charles Edward Stuart (May 18, 1850 – April 16, 1889) was a Virginia politician. He represented Alexandria City and County in the Virginia House of Delegates, and served as that body's Speaker from 1883 until 1887.

## Early life

Charles Edward Stuart was born on May 18, 1850, at Panorama in King George County, Virginia, to Roberta (née Lomax) and Charles E. Stuart. His father was a graduate of the University of Virginia and worked as a lawyer.

## Career

Stuart worked as a lawyer. He served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates, representing Alexandria City and County from 1881 to 1887. He was elected as speaker of the House of Delegates twice and served from 1883 to 1887.
He was appointed city judge of Alexandria twice, and was elected on January 18, 1888. He served as judge until his death.

## Personal life

Stuart married Ruth Yeaton, daughter of Mary Frances (née duVal) and William Chauncey Yeaton, on October 11, 1876. She was the granddaughter of Gabriel Duvall. They had five children. At the time of his death, he lived on Washington Street in Alexandria.
Stuart died on April 16, 1889, in Alexandria. He was buried at the Presbyterian Cemetery in Alexandria.
# Knox Thompson

Knox Thompson (January 25, 1848 – March 19, 1894) was an American politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates.
# Maricopa High School

Maricopa High School is a high school in Maricopa, Arizona under the jurisdiction of the Maricopa Unified School District.
Maricopa High School was opened in 1955 with the first freshman class, which had 35 students, and for the next decade, it held fewer than 100 students. The school's first graduating class was the class of 1959. At the height of the Baby Boom era, Maricopa peaked in 1976 with 218 students. It next surpassed that in 1985, when the school had 221 students. At the end of 1999, the school had some 306 students.
The 2000s were a decade of stunning growth in Pinal County (which saw 109% growth) and especially Maricopa (which grew 4,180%). In 2000, Maricopa had 308 students. That jumped quickly (within five years) to 551, then to 1190 by October 2007, 1473 in October 2008, and 1612 in October 2010. Maricopa High School is now larger than the town of Maricopa was in the year 2000 (1,040 residents).

## Notable alumni

* Jacob Cowing, NFL wide receive for the San Francisco 49ers. Played college football wide receiver for the Arizona Wildcats.
# John, Count Palatine of Neumarkt

John, Count Palatine of Neumarkt (1383 – 14 March 1443) was the Count Palatine of Neumarkt from 1410 to his death. The son of Rupert III of the Palatinate, he married Catherine of Pomerania in 1407. He is mainly known for his crushing victory against the Hussites at the Battle of Hiltersried in 1433. His son, Christopher, later became king of the Kalmar Union.
# Nkansah

Nkansah is a Ghanaian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alfred Badu Nkansah (born 1936), Ghanaian politician and teacher
* Edward Kofi Nkansah (born 1933), Ghanaian politician
* Elijah Nkansah (born 1994), American football player
* Emmanuel Kwesi Nkansah (born 1941), Ghanaian footballer
* Esther Nkansah (1948–2019), Ghanaian lawyer and politician
* Eugene Osafo-Nkansah (born 1983), Ghanaian journalist
* Kwadwo Nkansah (born 1987), Ghanaian artist, musician, actor and comedian
* Marian Asantewah Nkansah, Ghanaian scientist
* Mavis Nkansah Boadu (born 1989), Ghanaian politician
* Rosamond Asiamah Nkansah (1930–2021), Ghanaian police officer
* Steffen Nkansah (born 1996), German footballer
# Google Swiffy

Google Swiffy was a web-based tool developed by Google that converted SWF files to HTML5. Its main goal was to display Flash contents on devices that do not support Flash, such as iPhone, iPad, and Android Tablets. Swiffy was shut down on July 1, 2016.

## Approach

A closed source web service hosted by Google converts SWF to an intermediate representation serialized as JSON. This representation is in turn converted into SVG in the web browser via JavaScript, which is also used for animations. The Swiffy thesis (2012) explains its general approach in the following way:$^{:15}$
   The choice of SVG for rendering leaves us with several options to animate the SVG content. At first sight, both CSS animation and SMIL, adhere to our design goal of using a declarative representation when possible. However, both technologies provide insufficient control over the animation when support for ActionScript scripting is required. For example, although the concept of keyframes exists in CSS animation, it does not provide a mechanism to synchronise the JavaScript code to those keyframes or to modify the timeline from JavaScript, which is a basic feature required for SWF compatibility. Another limiting factor is that animation in the SWF file itself is not defined in terms of high-level transitions, but defines the position of every object at specific keyframes. Mapping these definitions back onto CSS or SMIL transitions is not always possible. Finally, these standards are not widely available: The CSS animation specification is still in working draft state, while SMIL is not implemented in the Internet Explorer browser. We have therefore chosen to use JavaScript to animate SVG on the client. Although this imperative approach might be less efficient, the level of control it provides is required to match all SWF functionality.

## Supports

Google Swiffy supported a subset of SWF 10, ActionScript 2.0 and ActionScript 3.0.

## Supporting browsers

* Google Chrome
* Safari
* Firefox 5+ (partly supported)
* IE9 (partly supported) and IE10
* WebKit-based browsers

## Development

Swiffy was started in the summer of 2011 by Google engineering intern Pieter Senster, who joined their mobile advertising team to search for solutions to display Flash content on devices that do not support Flash. Progress on Swiffy was sufficient that Google hired him full-time and formed a team to work on the project. The product manager of Google Swiffy was Marcel Gordon.
Swiffy 6.0.1 was released on February 11, 2014.
Swiffy was shut down July 1, 2016.

## Related software

* Wallaby by Adobe converts FLA files to HTML5.
* Ruffle, a free and open source Flash emulator that is actively developed.
* Mozilla Shumway took a different approach by implementing a virtual machine for SWF in JavaScript.
# Mad Max (song)

"Mad Max" is a song by American rapper Lil Durk and Future from American record label Only the Family and Durk's collaborative compilation album Loyal Bros 2 (2022). It was produced by HitmanAudio.

## Critical reception

Preezy Brown of Vibe wrote favorably of "Mad Max" being one of the starting tracks of Loyal Bros 2, describing Lil Durk as "instantly setting the tone before allowing his label's artists to run rabid." In an otherwise mixed review of the album, Peter A. Berry of HipHopDX commented that "Mad Max" was one of the "times when Loyal Bros 2 soars", writing, "For 'Mad Max,' Durk plays off Future's murmuring menace, attacking pummeling 808s with threats that are so vicious and so direct that you can almost feel him sneering at you. The song title probably isn't a direct reference to the film of the same name, but the track, with its ominous chords and addictive hook, feels like a soundtrack for desert warfare."

## Controversy

In December 2022, the song captured public attention for lyrics addressing rapper Young Thug's RICO-related case, in which Lil Durk admits, "I could've been part of the RICO, I called Thug and told him every nigga I shot".

## Music video

The official music video premiered on January 19, 2023. Directed by DrewFilmedIt, it pays homage to the 2002 Jamaican film Shottas, seeing Lil Durk and Future plotting a heist in Miami. The action spans from Jamaica to there, interspersed with shots of the rappers performing in front of a massive residence. While his entourage kills the other enemies in ski masks with assault rifles, Durk fires the final shot to close the visual.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Mad Max" :
| Chart (2022) | Peak position |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 36 |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 36 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Princess Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg

Hedwig Sophia of Brandenburg (14 July 1623, Berlin – 26 June 1683, Schmalkalden) was Landgravine consort of Hesse-Kassel by marriage to William VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, and regent from 1663 until 1677 during the minority of her sons, William VII, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel.

## Life

She was the daughter of George William, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate. She married William VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel in 1649.

### Regency

Upon the death of her spouse in 1663, he was succeeded by their son, William VII, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. As his mother and guardian, she became regent. Her regency was terminated upon the death of her son in 1670, but as he was succeeded by her second son, Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, who was also a minor, she was confirmed as such again.
During her regency, she repaired the finances of the state, which had been drained during the Thirty Years' War, by raised taxes. She kept the peace despite French expansionism until 1673, when she allied with her brother in Brandenburg against France.
During her last years as regent, she delayed her mandate to the dislike of her son until she was forced to hand over the regency in 1677.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Princess Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg :
# No Time Wasted

"No Time Wasted" is a song by American rapper Polo G, released on February 17, 2023 as the fourth single from his upcoming LP with American producer Southside. It features American rapper Future and was produced by Southside, Smatt Sertified and Lukiepmo.

## Composition and lyrics

Polo G performs the chorus, singing: "Uh, I know you waitin' / Gettin' fed up, you runnin' out of patience / Just keep your head up, I told you we would make it / Can't give my meds up, I see too many faces". In his verse, he reflects on life in the streets, and touches on his success. In the second verse, Future focuses on the extent of his success and wealth throughout his musical career, the women around him, and the luxuries he can afford for his loved ones.

## Critical reception

Hayley Hynes of HotNewHipHop gave the song a "Very Hottttt" rating.
Armon Sadler of Vibe wrote a mixed review of the song, commenting "Though the message is salient conceptually, there is a lack of conviction in the Chicago rapper's voice. Perhaps that is due to the fact he has 'made it' but lines like 'Ayy, look, I do this sh*t for all my guys that got put under' would hit harder if it sounded like he meant it and kept to the theme throughout his verse. Still, the chorus is very relatable". He added, "All in all, there is a powerful message in 'No Time Wasted' that misses the mark due to its delivery."

## Music video

The official music video was released alongside the single. Directed by Sam Lecca, it sees the artists on the football field.

## Charts

Chart performance for "No Time Wasted" :
| Chart (2023) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 73 |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 17 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 69 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 27 |
# Ocean (Future song)

"Ocean" is a song by American rapper Future from his seventeenth mixtape Mixtape Pluto (2024). It was produced by Wheezy, Honorable C.N.O.T.E., Dez Wright, Jack Uriah and Mu Lean.

## Critical reception

Robin Murray of Clash remarked, "the cataclysmic 'Ocean' boasts stadium-worthy endeavours." Gabriel Bras Nevares of HotNewHipHop commented the song "could've been a more outstanding highlight if it wasn't for the overwhelming bass tone." Paul A. Thompson of Pitchfork described the song as "private dread blown up to Gothic dimensions", in regard to production.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Ocean" :
| Chart (2024) | Peak position |
| Global 200 (Billboard) | 146 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 46 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 12 |
# Deneen Graham

Deneen Zezell Graham Kerns is a dance teacher and pageant contestant from North Carolina. In 1983, she became the first African-American to win the Miss North Carolina beauty pageant; she remained the only African-American to have won the Miss North Carolina pageant until Alexandra Badgett was crowned in 2019.

## Personal life

Graham was born in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina. Her parents, Jean and Bobby Graham, were both educators in Wilkes County public schools. She entered the 1983 Miss North Carolina pageant at 19, as Miss Elkin Valley. North Wilkesboro held a Deneen Graham Day two weeks after she received the Miss North Carolina title. Vanessa Williams, winner of the Miss America 1984 title, has said that the Ku Klux Klan threatened to burn a cross on Graham's lawn after she won the North Carolina pageant.
In 1986, she graduated from the North Carolina School of the Arts with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in dance. She traveled to the Mediterranean, Far East, and Alaska with the Department of Defense Entertainment Tours, and toured the United States with the first national tour of the musical Heartstrings. She appeared in "Theatre of the Stars" productions of such musicals as Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, South Pacific, Hello, Dolly!, The Music Man, and The Will Rogers Follies. As a performer with the Miss Georgia pageant from 1988 to 1994, she served as co-choreographer and chief choreographer. She was also a member of the Atlanta Hawks Dance Team (Cheerleaders) during the 1994 season; she served as the assistant to the dance team choreographer. She was inducted into the Wilkes County Hall of Fame in 2016.
She is a member of the Dance Masters of America. Many of her students at Carol Walker Dance Academy have received the highest awards in regional and national competition. They were National Dance Champions in 2008.

## Pageants

* Miss Georgia pageant performer
* Miss North Carolina 1983
* Participant in Miss America 1984 pageant
# Frederick IX, Margrave of Brandenburg

Frederick IX of Brandenburg (22 March 1588 in Cölln – 19 May 1611 in Sonnenburg, Prussia (now Słońsk, Poland)) was a Margrave of Brandenburg.

## Life

Frederick, a member of the house of Hohenzollern, was a son of the Elector John George of Brandenburg (1525–1598) from his third marriage to Elisabeth (1563–1607), daughter of Prince Joachim Ernest of Anhalt. Frederick was educated in Frankfurt and Tübingen and undertook an extensive Grand Tour through Europe.
In 1594, he was appointed Coadjutor and then, in 1610, elected Herrenmeister (literally, "Master of the Knights", equivalent to Grand Master) of the Order of Saint John, Bailiwick of Brandenburg, which was seated at Sonnenburg. He died at the age of 23 and was buried in the parish church of Küstrin.
His motto was Justus ut palma floredit (The righteous shall flourish like a palm tree).

## Footnotes

* ↑ Max Löbe: Walsprüche: Devisen und Sinnsprüche, BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2009, p. 28

## References and sources

* F. A. W. Dünnemann: Stammbuch der brandenburgisch-preussischen Regenten, Nauck, 1831, p. 105 (Digitized)
* Samuel Buchholtz: Versuch einer Geschichte der Churmarck Brandenburg von der ersten Erscheinung der deutschen Sennonen an bis auf jezige Zeiten, vol 3–4, F. W. Birnstiel, 1767, p. 490
Frederick IX, Margrave of Brandenburg House of HohenzollernBorn: 22 March 1588 Died: 19 May 1611 :
| Preceded byMartin, Graf von Hohenstein | Herrenmeister (Grand Master) of the Order of Saint John 1610-1611 | Succeeded byErnst, Markgraf zu Brandenburg |
# Beaucarnea

Beaucarnea is a genus of flowering plants native to Mexico and Central America. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae). Beaucarnea is sometimes treated as a synonym of the genus Nolina, with the species being then transferred to that genus. However, recent research shows that Beaucarnea should be treated as an independent genus.
The species are small tropical xerophytic trees growing to 6–10 m tall, with a trunk 20–40 cm diameter with a flared base; young plants are single-stemmed, branching only after flowering. The leaves are evergreen, linear, strap-shaped, 0.5-1.8 m long and 1.5–2 cm broad, leathery in texture, with a finely serrated margin. The flowers are produced only on old trees, forming on large panicles 75–110 cm long, the individual flowers numerous but very small (1.5 mm diameter), greenish-white, with six tepals.

## Calibanus

The now defunct genus Calibanus was first formally described in 1906 by Joseph Nelson Rose, with Calibanus including two species. More recent research using molecular (phylogenetic) and morphological findings demonstrated that both former Calibanus species were closely related to Beaucarnea species, leading to both former Calibanus species being transferred to the genus Beaucarnea.
The affected species are:
* Beaucarnea glassiana (L.Hern. & Zamudio) V.Rojas-Piña; formally Calibanus glassianus L.Hern. & Zamudio
* Beaucarnea hookeri (Lem.) Trel.; formerly Calibanus hookeri (Lem.) Trel.

## Species

Plants of the World Online accepts the following species:
| Scientific name | Distribution |
| Beaucarnea compacta L.Hern. & Zamudio | Guanajuato |
| Beaucarnea glassiana (L.Hern. & Zamudio) V.Rojas-Piña | Guanajuato |
| Beaucarnea goldmanii Rose | Chiapas, Guatemala, El Salvador |
| Beaucarnea gracilis Lem. | Puebla, Oaxaca |
| Beaucarnea guatemalensis Rose | Guatemala, Nicaragua |
| Beaucarnea hiriartiae L.Hern. | Guerrero |
| Beaucarnea hookeri (Lem.) Baker | San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo |
| Beaucarnea olsonii V. Rojas & L.O. Alvarado | Puebla, Oaxaca |
| Beaucarnea pliabilis (Baker) Rose | Campeche, Quintana Roo, Yucatán, Guatemala, Belize |
| Beaucarnea purpusii Rose | Puebla, Oaxaca |
| Beaucarnea recurvata (K. Koch & Fintelm.) Lem. | Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Veracruz |
| Beaucarnea sanctomariana L.Hern. | Oaxaca |
| Beaucarnea stricta (K.Koch & Fintelm.) Lem. | Oaxaca |