OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 82 BC

Year 82 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Marius and Carbo (or, less frequently, year 672 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 82 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Republic

* April: Sulla defeats the consul Gaius Marius the Younger at the Battle of Sacriportus, and takes control of Rome.
* November 1: Sulla defeats an army of Samnites and Lucanians alliance in the Battle of the Colline Gate.
* November 2: Sulla slaughters the Samnite prisoners in the Villa publica; the senate rejects his proscription plan.
* November 3: Sulla passes his proscription through a popular assembly; he publishes a list of 520 senators and equites to be murdered on sight.
* Gaius Marius the Younger is besieged at the fortress city of Praeneste in Latium. After a fierce resistance, Marius commits suicide.
* Pompey is ordered by Sulla to stamp out Marian rebels in Sicily and Africa, after his campaigns in he gets the insulting nickname of adulescentulus carnifex, the "teenage butcher".
* Lucius Licinius Murena launches a raid against Pontus in the Battle of Halys, starting the Second Mithridatic War.

#### Dacia

* Burebista unifies the Dacian population forming the first (and biggest) unified Dacian Kingdom, on the territory of modern Romania and surroundings. 82 BC is also the starting year of his reign.

### By topic
#### Astronomy

* The Aurigid shower parent comet C/1911 N1 (Kiess) returns to the inner solar system and sheds the dust particles that one revolution later cause the 1935, 1986, 1994, and 2007 Aurigid meteor outbursts on Earth.

## Births

* May 28 – Licinius Macer Calvus, Roman orator and poet (d. c. 47 BC)
* Marcus Caelius Rufus, Roman orator and politician (d. c. 48 BC)
* Varro Atacinus, Roman poet and writer (d. c. 35 BC)
* Vercingetorix, Gaul warrior and leader (d. 46 BC)

## Deaths

* Gaius Carrinas, Roman politician and general (executed by order of Sulla)
* Gaius Fabius Hadrianus, Roman politician and governor
* Gaius Marcius Censorinus, Roman politician and general (executed by order of Sulla)
* Gaius Marius the Younger, Roman politician (commits suicide)
* Gaius Norbanus, Roman consul and governor (commits suicide)
* Gnaeus Papirius Carbo, Roman consul (executed by order of Sulla)
* Marcus Marius Gratidianus, Roman praetor and politician (executed by order of Sulla)
* Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex, Roman consul (murdered by order of Marius the Younger)
* Quintus Valerius Soranus, Roman politician and Latin poet (executed by order of Sulla)
# A Desperate Adventure (1938 film)

A Desperate Adventure is a 1938 American comedy film directed by John H. Auer and written by Barry Trivers. The film stars Ramon Novarro, Marian Marsh, Eric Blore, Andrew Tombes, Margaret Tallichet and Tom Rutherford. The film was released on August 6, 1938, by Republic Pictures.

## Cast

* Ramon Novarro as André Friezan
* Marian Marsh as Ann Carrington
* Eric Blore as Trump
* Andrew Tombes as Cosmo Carrington
* Margaret Tallichet as Betty Carrington
* Tom Rutherford as Gerald Richards
* Maurice Cass as Dornay
* Ernő Verebes as Marcel
* Michael Kent as Maurice
* Cliff Nazarro as Tipo
* Rolfe Sedan as Prefect of Police
* Gloria Rich as Mimi
* Lois Collier as Angela
# 1,1'-Dilithioferrocene

1,1'-Dilithioferrocene is the organoiron compound with the formula Fe(C$_5$H$_4$Li)$_2$. It is exclusively generated and isolated as a solvate, using either ether or tertiary amine ligands bound to the lithium centers. Regardless of the solvate, dilithioferrocene is used commonly to prepare derivatives of ferrocene.

## Synthesis and reactions

Treatment of ferrocene with butyl lithium gives 1,1'-dilithioferrocene, regardless of the stoichiometry (monolithioferrocene requires special conditions for its preparation). Typically the lithiation reaction is conducted in the presence of tetramethylethylenediamine (tmeda). The adduct [Fe(C$_5$H$_4$Li)$_2$]$_3$(tmeda)$_2$ has been crystallized from such solutions. Recrystallization of this adduct from thf gives [Fe(C$_5$H$_4$Li)$_2$]$_3$(thf)$_6$.
1,1'-Dilithioferrocene reacts with a variety of electrophiles to afford disubstituted derivatives of ferrocene. These electrophiles include S$_8$ (to give 1,1'-ferrocenetrisulfide), chlorophosphines, and chlorosilanes.
The diphosphine ligand 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) is prepared by treating dilithioferrocene with chlorodiphenylphosphine.

## Monolithioferrocene

The reaction of ferrocene with one equivalent of butyllithium mainly affords dilithioferrocene. Monolithioferrocene can be obtained using tert-butyllithium.
# Dick Sears (politician)

Richard Warden Sears Jr. (April 22, 1943 – June 1, 2024) was an American politician who was a Democratic member of the Vermont State Senate, representing the Bennington senate district.
Sears was first elected to the Vermont State Senate in 1992 and continued to serve until his death in June 2024.

## Biography

Sears was born in Framingham, Massachusetts, on April 22, 1943. He attended school in Ashland, Massachusetts, followed by the New Hampton School in New Hampton, New Hampshire. He went on to receive a B.A. degree from the University of Vermont in 1969.
Sears resided in Bennington, Vermont, from 1971, and was married to Beverly Sears (formerly Beverly Bushey).
Sears worked in residential programs for troubled youth from the 1970s. He died in Albany, New York on June 1, 2024, at the age of 81.

## Public life

Sears served on the Bennington school board from 1987 to 1993 and was chairman for four of those years.
In 1992, he was elected to the Vermont State Senate, and was reelected in 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020.
# Cavalli si nasce

Cavalli si nasce is a 1988 Italian comedy film written and directed by cartoonist Sergio Staino. The film won the Silver Ribbon for Best Score.

## Cast

* Paolo Hendel: Paolo
* David Riondino: Ottavio
* Pietra Montecorvino: Carola
* Vincent Gardenia: Neapolitan Prince
* Delia Boccardo: Baroness
* Giacomo Marramao: Padre Giacomo
* Franco Angrisano
* Beniamino Placido
* Roberto Murolo
* Bonvi
# Karen Azoulay

Karen Azoulay (born 1977) is a multidisciplinary visual artist and author from Toronto, Canada. She is currently based in Brooklyn, New York.

## Artistic practice

Azoulay’s artwork includes colorful sculpture, performance and installations. Her interdisciplinary works, which explore language, natural elements, and the female form, are often captured in film or photography finished with collage or paint. She uses ephemeral materials such as fresh flowers, clay, and her own body. In her exhibition Semi-Precious (2019) at Essex Flowers, Azoulay drew inspiration from a skeleton of an 11th-century German woman, who was found to have remnants of lapis lazuli on her teeth, indicating she was likely a manuscript illuminator. Azoulay's "Eating Flowers" motif, in which she consumes different flowers with dark, glitter-coated lips and teeth, explores ideas of vulnerability, nourishment, and decay.

### Solo exhibitions

Solo exhibitions include CUE Art Foundation in New York, curated by Glenn Ligon, Fire Tale, Four Gallery in Dublin, Deep, Deep Under the Sea, Mercer Union in Toronto, Sculpture After the Apocalypse, Primetime, Brooklyn, The Botanist’s Mime, Dose Projects, Brooklyn, and Indexing the Leaves, Methodist Archives, Drew University in Madison, NJ.

## Publications

In March 2023, Azoulay published a book on the Victorian language of flowers, titled Flowers and Their Meanings, The Secret Language and History of Over 600 Blooms.
Published by Clarkson Potter (an imprint of Penguin Random House), the 248-page book includes a foreword by bestselling author Kate Bolick, a dictionary of over 600 flowers, an index organized by theme, and essays about the history of floriography. It is illustrated with a combination of nineteenth-century botanical illustrations and Azoulay’s own photography.
The book expands upon the topic of a booklet Azoulay self-published in 2015, titled Flowers and their Meanings, which also includes her photography and a dictionary of Victorian flower symbolism.
# SS Nisbet Grammer

43°29′10″N 78°43′34″W﻿ / ﻿43.486085°N 78.726060°W﻿ / 43.486085; -78.726060
Nisbet Grammer was a lake freighter that served on the Great Lakes from her commissioning in 1923 until her sinking in 1926.

## Sinking

She sank on May 26, 1926, after the Dalwarnic, a freighter of similar size, collided with her. Dalwarnic's bow pierced one of her holds, but all her crew were rescued. Both vessels encountered a fog bank on the night of the collision, about 30 miles (48 km), east of the Niagara River. The Nisbet Grammer had reduced her speed to half-speed. Still, the vessels were too close to avoid a collision when they sighted one another in reduced visibility of the fog bank. She sank in fifteen minutes, in 500 feet (150 m) of water.

## Location

The exact location of her wreck was unknown for 88 years, until an expedition found it off Somerset, New York. Researchers searched for the wreck for six years. The wreck is the largest steel-hulled shipwreck in Lake Ontario.
# Context filtering

'Context filtering' is an anti-spam / mail policy method that does not deal with the contents of the mail but rather uses the context of the SMTP connection to decide whether a mail will be accepted or not.
This method usually prevents reception of an e-mail in the first place; thus, common anti-spam features like quarantine, redirect or delete can not be applied. This method also distorts statistics of anti-spam programs because it is usually unknown how many mails (Spam or otherwise) would have been received through a certain connection.
Filtering by context includes methods like DNSBL lookups, domain or IP blacklists, etc. This method has an extremely low rate of false positives and false negatives.
On the plus side, this method is usually saving bandwidth and server utilization.
The most common context filter is DNSBL filtering. The efficiency of this method depends on the blacklist used.
For high volume mail sites, it is recommended to set up local copies of the DNSBLs and fill them through DNS zone transfers. This reduces the permanent traffic through external DNS lookups. Some DNSBLs also allow only a certain amount of queries by day for every IP address to keep their expenses on bandwidth low.
# List of mayors of Providence, Rhode Island

The following is a list of mayors of Providence, Rhode Island.
Originally the term for the mayor was one year, from June to June. In 1873, the term was lengthened to January, and then from January to January. In 1913, the term was lengthened to two years, and in January 1967 to four years.
| # | Name | Term | Party |
| 1 | Samuel W. Bridgham | June 1832–December 28, 1840 | Whig |
| 2 | Thomas M. Burgess | February 2, 1841–June 1852 | Whig |
| 3 | Amos C. Barstow | June 1852–June 1853 | Whig |
| 4 | Walter R. Danforth | June 1853–June 1854 | Democrat |
| 5 | Edward P. Knowles | June 1854–June 1855 | Whig |
| 6 | James Y. Smith | June 1855–June 1857 | Republican |
| 7 | William M. Rodman | June 1857–June 1859 | American |
| 8 | Jabez C. Knight | June 1859–June 1864 | Republican |
| 9 | Thomas A. Doyle | June 1864–June 1869 | Republican |
| 10 | George L. Clarke | June 1869–June 1870 | Republican |
| 11 | Thomas A. Doyle | June 1870–June 1881 | Republican |
| 12 | William S. Hayward | January 1881–January 1884 | Republican |
| 13 | Thomas A. Doyle | January 1884–June 9, 1886 | Republican |
| 14 | Gilbert F. Robbins | June 9, 1886–January 1889 | Republican |
| 15 | Henry R. Barker | January 1889–January 1891 | Republican |
| 16 | Charles Sydney Smith | January 1891–January 1892 | Republican |
| 17 | William Knight Potter | January 1892–January 1894 | Democrat |
| 18 | Frank F. Olney | January 1894–January 1896 | Republican |
| 19 | Edwin D. McGuinness | January 6, 1896–January 3, 1898 | Democrat |
| 20 | William C. Baker | January 1898–January 1901 | Democrat |
| 21 | Daniel L. D. Granger | January 1901–January 1903 | Democrat |
| 22 | Augustus S. Miller | January 1903–September 26, 1905 | Democrat |
| 23 | Elisha Dyer, Jr. | January 1906–November 29, 1906 | Republican |
| 24 | Patrick J. McCarthy | January 1907–January 1909 | Democratic |
| 25 | Henry Fletcher | January 1909–January 1913 | Republican |
| 26 | Joseph H. Gainer | January 1913–January 1927 | Democratic |
| 27 | James E. Dunne | January 1927–January 1939 | Democratic |
| 28 | John F. Collins | January 2, 1939–January 6, 1941 | Republican |
| 29 | Dennis J. Roberts | January 1941–January 1951 | Democratic |
| 30 | Walter H. Reynolds | January 1951–January 5, 1965 | Democratic |
| 31 | Joseph A. Doorley, Jr. | January 5, 1965–January 6, 1975 | Democratic |
| 32 | Vincent "Buddy" Cianci | January 7, 1975–April 25, 1984 | Republican (1974–1982) Independent (1982–1984) |
| 33 | Joseph R. Paolino | April 25, 1984–January 7, 1991 | Democratic |
| 34 | Vincent "Buddy" Cianci | January 7, 1991–September 6, 2002 | Independent |
| 35 | John J. Lombardi | September 6, 2002–January 6, 2003 | Democratic |
| 36 | David Cicilline | January 6, 2003–January 3, 2011 | Democratic |
| 37 | Angel Taveras | January 3, 2011–January 5, 2015 | Democratic |
| 38 | Jorge Elorza | January 5, 2015–January 2, 2023 | Democratic |
| 39 | Brett Smiley | January 2, 2023–present | Democratic |
# Antonio Lombardo (bishop)

Antonio Lombardo (died 1597) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Messina (1585–1597), Bishop of Agrigento (1579–1585), and Bishop of Mazara del Vallo (1573–1579).

## Biography

On 16 January 1573, Antonio Lombardo was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Mazara del Vallo. On 30 March 1579, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Agrigento. On 23 January 1585, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Archbishop of Messina. He served as Archbishop of Messina until his death on 13 September 1597.
# B. P. Hasdeu Theatre

The B. P. Hasdeu Theatre (Romanian: Teatrul „B. P. Hasdeu”) in Cahul, Moldova, is a public theatre founded in 1987. It was given the name of the Romanian writer Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu. Cahul Musical-Drama Theatre is the only professional theatre company in the southern region of Moldova.

## History

The Musical-Drama Theatre was founded on 25 March 1987, by graduates of the Academy of Music, Theatre and Fine Arts of Chișinău. On 17 October 1987, the inauguration festivities took place with the play Trei crai de la răsărit (Three magi from the east), by B.P. Hasdeu.

### Building

In 1997, the old building of the theatre was demolished as a result of basement floods and landslides, and all plays and performances moved to the former building of the Cahul Court. In February 2016, the construction works for a new building (with a hall of 340 seats) started. The construction is built with a grant provided by the Government of Romania.
# Drago Grubelnik

Drago Grubelnik (15 January 1976 – 17 November 2015) was a Slovenian alpine skier and coach.
Born in Radlje ob Dravi, Grubelnik made the podium in one event on the Alpine Skiing World Cup, a third place in slalom in Wengen, Switzerland (January 2000). He competed at the 1998, 2002 and 2006 Winter Olympics. He retired from competitive sport in 2007. Prior to his death in November 2015, Grubelnik was the head coach of the Bulgarian ski team.
Grubelnik died in a car accident in Sölden. He was 39.

## World Cup results
### Season standings

| Season | Age | Overall | Slalom | Giant slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 1997 | 20 | 110 | 46 | 54 | — | — | — |
| 1998 | 21 | 130 | 54 | — | — | — | — |
| 1999 | 22 | 43 | 17 | 41 | — | — | — |
| 2000 | 23 | 68 | 28 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 24 | 93 | 31 | — | — | — | — |
| 2002 | 25 | 47 | 14 | — | — | — | — |
| 2003 | 26 | 74 | 29 | — | — | — | — |
| 2004 | 27 | 54 | 19 | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 28 | 113 | 44 | — | — | — | — |
| 2006 | 29 | 110 | 48 | — | — | — | — |

### Race podiums

| Season | Date | Location | Discipline | Position |
| 2000 | 16 January 2000 | Wengen, Switzerland | Slalom | 3rd |
# Vela Nigrinova

Vela Nigrin (Serbian Cyrillic: Вела Нигринова; (1862-11-14)14 November 1862 – (1908-12-31)31 December 1908; born Augusta Nigrin) was a Slovenian-Serbian stage actress who performed in Belgrade in the latter part of the 19th century.

## Life and work

Nigrinova's father, August was a railway official whose daughters Marija, Gizela, Matilda, and Augusta were all actresses or singers. Nigrinova first appeared on the stage of the Slovenian Dramatic Society on 19 April 1876 as "Lady Clarens" in the play "Lowood Orphan". Davorin Jenko the director of the Serbian Theater in 1882 contracted her for the National Theater in Belgrade. She soon became one of the first artists of this theater and opportunities for the most demanding roles opened up for her.
During her stage career she performed extensively in Prague, Sofia, and Zagreb; she also occasionally visited Ljubljana, where she was met with mixed reviews.

## Legacy

The Serbian government issued a commemorative stamp in her honor and also there is a street in Belgrade that was named after her.
# Vincent Joseph Hines

Vincent Joseph Hines (September 14, 1912 – April 23, 1990) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as bishop of the Diocese of Norwich in Connecticut from 1960 to 1975.

## Biography

Vincent Hines was born on September 14, 1912, in New Haven, Connecticut. He was ordained to the priesthood in Paris for the Archdiocese of Hartford on May 2, 1937, by Cardinal Jean Verdier. He joined the US Army Chaplain Corps in 1942 and served in France after the Normandy invasion; Hines received a Bronze Star medal.

### Bishop of Norwich

On November 27, 1959, Hines was appointed the second bishop of the Diocese of Norwich by Pope John XXIII. He received his episcopal consecration on March 17, 1960, from Archbishop Henry O'Brien, with Bishops Bernard Flanagan and John Hackett serving as co-consecrators.
During his tenure, Hines led a $1 million fundraising campaign for schools in the diocese. He build Xavier High School in Middletown, Connecticut, for boys in 1963 and Mercy High School, also in Middletown, for girls in 1965. He also named the first nun to head a diocesan school system in Connecticut, and established a retirement program for priests. Hines attended the Second Vatican Council in Rome from 1962 to 1965.
On June 5, 1975, Pope Paul VI accepted Hines' resignation as bishop of the Diocese of Norwich. He then spent his retirement serving as chaplain to the School Sisters of Notre Dame in Norwich. Vincent Hines died in Hartford at St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center on April 23, 1990, at age 77.
# Snakeball

Snakeball is a party video game developed by Gamoola Soft and Ravn Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It was released on the PlayStation Store. It is a 3D variant of the "Snake" concept. Main developer Gamoola Soft was a short-lived game development arm of British animation studio Gamoola.

## Gameplay

The game uses most of the mechanics of the late 1970s game Snake. The goal consists of taking the balls and throwing them into the hole at the center of the stage. While the game has many variations of gameplay, the main goal stays the same.
Snakeball has a flashy disco graphic style, with stages that are taking places on disco floors. The player can also choose between 16 characters with 8 colors each. The PlayStation Eye camera can be used to snap a picture of the player's face and map it onto one of the riders.

## Modes

Snakeball has three main game modes: Snakeball, Challenge and Ball Frenzy. Snakeball is the multiplayer mode, where up to eight players can play online. There are 10 variations of game for this mode:
* Raindrops: The player has to collect the balls as they appear and shoot them in the goal.
* Patience: Similar to Raindrops, but here, the balls do not appear immediately.
* Goal Fever: Similar to Raindrops, but every ball must be put into the goal of matching color.
* The Ball Ring: Similar to Raindrops, but only with bomb balls that explodes after 10 seconds.
* Open Season: At the beginning, the balls are launched and do not stop moving. Also, there are now enemies that the player must avoid.
* Bumper Jam: In this game variation, balls can only be shot at goal.
* Square Routes: Similar to Raindrops, but taking places in a maze of squares bumpers.
* Goal Tangle: The player can score balls in goals for shots and normal goals in a stage filled with enemies.
* Trigger Snappy: Similar to Open Season, but the enemies here are far more. Fortunately, the player can now eliminate them with guns.
* No balls: The player has no balls to score. The goal of the game is to destroy the ships of other players with guns.
The second game mode is Challenge, where the player must navigate through levels to open the teleporter and go to the next level. 14 levels are available. The last one is Ball Frenzy, which is a remake of the classic game Snake, with 10 levels. The goal of this mode is to get all the 1000 balls that are in the level without crashing and destroying the ship.
An additional mode, Team Mode was released on the PlayStation Store as downloadable content in May 2008. It includes team-based online and offline multiplayer matches up to 8 players.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 65/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Eurogamer | 7/10 |
| IGN | 8/10 |
| PlayStation Official Magazine – UK | 5/10 |
| Play | 57% |
| PSM3 | 54% |
The game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.
# Don Navinsky

Don Navinsky (January 24, 1944) was a Democratic member of the Kansas House of Representatives, represented the 40th district. He has served since February 25, 2009, replacing Rep. Melanie Meier when she was called up for active duty. He relinquished the seat upon Meier's return in January 2010.

## Committee membership

* Vision 2020
* Veterans, Military and Homeland Security
* Agriculture and Natural Resources

## Major donors

The top 5 donors to Navinsky's 2008 campaign:
* 1. Navinsky, Donald J $2,067
* 2. Manville, Bill $250
* 3. Lexeco $250
* 4. The Heavy Constructors Assoc $200
* 5. Nen, Bill $100
# Lund (disambiguation)

Lund is a city in the province of Scania (Skåne), southern Sweden.
Lund may also refer to:

## Places
### Canada

* Lund, British Columbia, an unincorporated village

### Denmark

* Lund, Horsens [da], in Horsens Municipality

### England

* Lund, East Riding of Yorkshire, a village near Beverley
* Lund, North Yorkshire, a hamlet near Selby, in the East Riding of Yorkshire until 1974

### Sweden

* Lund, Gävle, a locality
* Lund Municipality, a municipality in Skåne
* Diocese of Lund, a Church of Sweden (Evangelical Lutheran) diocese

### Norway

* Lund, Norway, a municipality in Rogaland county
* Lund, Kristiansand, a borough in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county
* Lund, Namsos, a village in the municipality of Namsos in Trøndelag county

### United States

* Lund Township, Douglas County, Minnesota
* Lund, Nevada, a small town and census-designated place
* Lund, Texas, an unincorporated community
* Lund, Utah, an unincorporated village
* Lund, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community

## People and fictional characters

* Lund (surname), including a list of people and fictional characters
* Lund (tribe), a Baloch tribe in Pakistan

## Transportation

* Lund Airport, a former private airport near Lund, Sweden
* Lund Central Station, a railway station in Lund, Sweden
* Lund tramway, Lund, Sweden
* Lund Highway, a road in southern Utah, United States

## Other uses

* Battle of Lund, part of the Scanian War, fought in 1676 near Lund, Sweden
* Lund Chamber Choir, a choir in Lund, Sweden
* Lund Observatory, Lund, Sweden
* Lund University, Lund, Sweden
# A23 Highway (Kazakhstan)

$Insertformulahere$#REDIRECT Roads in Kazakhstan#National Highways