# Richard H. Bayard

Richard Henry Bayard (September 26, 1796 – March 4, 1868) was an American lawyer and politician from Wilmington, Delaware. He was a member of the Whig Party, who served as the first Mayor of Wilmington, Chief Justice of the Delaware Superior Court, and as U.S. Senator from Delaware.

## Early life

Bayard was born in Wilmington, Delaware on September 26, 1796. He was the son of James A. Bayard Sr. and Nancy (née Bassett) Bayard. His father was a member of the Federalist Party, who served as U.S. Representative from Delaware and U.S. Senator from Delaware. His mother was the daughter of another U.S. Senator from Delaware, Richard Bassett. His younger brother, James A. Bayard Jr., was also a U.S. Senator from Delaware.

## Career

Bayard graduated from Princeton College in 1814, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1818. His practice was in Wilmington, where he became the first mayor of the newly incorporated city in 1832.
In 1836, Bayard was elected as an Anti-Jacksonian to the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of U.S. Senator Arnold Naudain. He served from June 17, 1836, to September 19, 1839, when he resigned to become Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court. He served in that capacity for two years, from 1839 to 1841, when he resigned, being once again elected to the United States Senate, this time as a Whig.
The position had been vacant since his own resignation in 1839. This time, he served from January 12, 1841, until March 3, 1845. While in the United States Senate, he was chairman of the Committee on Private Land Claims in the 27th Congress, a member of the Committee on District of Columbia in the 27th Congress, and a member of the Committee on Naval Affairs in the 27th Congress and 28th Congress.

### Later life

He did not seek reelection in 1844. He was appointed by President Millard Fillmore to serve as chargé d'affaires to Belgium from 1850 to 1853.

## Personal life

In 1820, Bayard was married to Mary Sophia Carroll (1804–1886) by the Rt. Rev. Henry Conwell, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Philadelphia. She was the daughter of Charles Carroll of Homewood (only surviving son of U.S. Senator Charles Carroll, a signer of the Declaration of Independence) and Harriett (née Chew) Carroll (a daughter of Judge Benjamin Chew). Together, they were the parents of seven children, including:
* Mary Louisa Bayard (1822–1889), who married William Henry Beck. After his death in 1859, she married Col. Manlio Bettarini, adjutant of King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy.
* Caroline Bayard (1824–1895), who married Henry Baring Powel, a son of John Hare Powel and Julia (née Deveaux) Powel (a daughter of Andrew Deveaux).
* Elizabeth Bayard (1826–1885), who married Col. Frederick Henry Rich of the English Army, in 1848.
* Charles Carroll Bayard (1828–1850), a Midshipman in the U.S. Navy who died from a wound received on Mount Vesuvius during the eruption in February 1850.
* Richard Bassett Bayard (1831–1878), who married Ellen Howard, a daughter of Gen. Benjamin Chew Howard (a son of Gen. John Eager Howard) and Jane Grant (née Gilmor) Howard (a daughter of merchant William Daniel Gilmor and niece of art collector Robert Gilmor Jr.), in 1860.
* Sarah A. Bayard (1835–1880), who died unmarried.
* Harriet Bayard (1836–1865), who married Christian Børs of Norway.
Bayard died on March 4, 1868 at Philadelphia and is buried in the Wilmington and Brandywine Cemetery at Wilmington. He was the second of five Bayards to serve in the United States Senate.

## Almanac

The General Assembly chose the U.S. Senators, who took office March 4 for a six-year term. In this case, he was initially completing the existing term, the vacancy caused by the resignation of Arnold Naudain. However, he resigned the position before the term ended only to accept appointment over a year later in a new term which he completed. Between his resignation and appointment, the position was vacant.
Public offices :
| Office | Type | Location | Began office | Ended office | Notes |
| U.S. Senator | Legislature | Washington | June 17, 1836 | September 19, 1839 | |
| U.S. Senator | Legislature | Washington | January 12, 1841 | March 3, 1845 | |
United States congressional service :
| Dates | Congress | Chamber | Majority | President | Committees | Class/District |
| 1836–1837 | 24th | U.S. Senate | Democratic | Andrew Jackson | | class 1 |
| 1837–1839 | 25th | U.S. Senate | Democratic | Martin Van Buren | | class 1 |
| 1839–1841 | 26th | U.S. Senate | Democratic | Martin Van Buren | | class 1 |
| 1841–1843 | 27th | U.S. Senate | Whig | William Henry Harrison John Tyler | Private Land Claims District of Columbia | class 1 |
| 1843–1845 | 28th | U.S. Senate | Whig | John Tyler | Naval Affairs | class 1 |