OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Spencer (cyclist)

William "Willie" Spencer (1895 – 1963) was a naturalized American professional bicycle racer in the early 1900s. A world record holder for the quarter mile, he also won the American Sprint Championship three times.

## History

Born in Manchester, England, Willie Spencer moved to Toronto at a young age with his family, among which his younger brother Arthur Bratt Spencer (1897-1974), who would also compete as a cyclist. He entered the world of professional bicycle racing in 1916. He had several significant victories in his early years, including winning the 1917 Six-Days of San Francisco, with Jake Magin, and twice placing 4th in the American Sprint Championship, before he was drafted for six months of service in the United States Army. After his release in January 1919, Spencer continued racing, clocking victories around the world and, in 1920, setting a world record while racing in Australia for doing 0.25 miles (0.40 km) in 25 seconds. In 1922, 1923 and 1926, he won the American Sprint Championship. Spencer became an American citizen in 1920. He was inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in 2005.
# Thomas R. Horton

Thomas Raymond Horton (April 18, 1823 – July 26, 1894) was a U.S. Representative from New York.
Born in Fultonville, New York, Horton attended the public schools. He studied law and was admitted to the bar and practiced. He served as member of the Fultonville village board of trustees in 1848. He served as clerk of the Montgomery County board of supervisors for six years. He was a Justice of the Peace for eight years. He was editor and publisher of the Amsterdam (New York) Recorder from 1841 to 1857.
Horton was elected as an Opposition Party candidate to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855 - March 3, 1857).
During the protracted dispute over the election of a Speaker of the House in late 1855 and early 1856, fought largely on sectional grounds between proponents and opponents of slavery, Congressman Albert Rust was one of those who attempted to negotiate a compromise. Unhappy about how his efforts were characterized by Horace Greeley in the New-York Tribune, Rust confronted Greeley on the grounds of the United States Capitol and knocked him down. An article about the event was published in a newspaper in Horton's district and over his initials. Upon deciding that the article was inaccurate and its tone offensive, Rust confronted Horton to ask whether he had written the item in question—the preliminary step to issuing a challenge to a duel. Horton admitted authorship and agreed to apologize and retract his words; after first committing to do so in person on the floor of the House, he subsequently reached agreement with Rust to do so in writing instead, and issued his apology and retraction to the Washington Evening Star and other newspapers.
Horton was not a candidate for renomination in 1856. He served as delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention. During the Civil War, he served as adjutant of the 115th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment from 1862 to 1864. After the war he was editor and publisher of the Montgomery County Republican. Horton was active in the Montgomery County Agricultural Society, and served on the board of directors of the Fonda and Fultonville Railroad.
Horton died in Fultonville on July 26, 1894. He was interred in the Old Fultonville Cemetery.
# Richard Jacobs Haldeman

Richard Jacobs Haldeman (May 19, 1831 – October 1, 1886) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania for two terms from 1869 to 1873.

## Life and career
### Education

Richard J. Haldeman was born in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. He pursued an academic course, and was graduated from Yale College in 1851. While at Yale, he was a member of the Skull and Bones Society.$^{:91}$ He also attended Heidelberg and Berlin Universities.

## Political career

He served as United States attaché of the legation at Paris in 1853 and later occupied similar positions at St. Petersburg and Vienna.
He returned to Harrisburg and purchased the Daily and Weekly Patriot and Union and was its editor until 1860. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions at Baltimore, Maryland, and Charleston, South Carolina, in 1860.

### Congress

Haldeman was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1872. He retired from active pursuits, and died in Harrisburg in 1886. Interment in Harrisburg Cemetery.
# Charles M. Harris

Charles Murray Harris (April 10, 1821 – September 20, 1896) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois. Born in Munfordville, Kentucky, Harris attended the common schools. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar. He moved to Illinois and located in Oquawka, Illinois, where he commenced the practice of his profession. Harris was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1864 to the Thirty-ninth Congress. He died in Chicago, Illinois, September 20, 1896. He was interred in Oquawka, Illinois.
# Robert S. Hale

Robert Safford Hale (September 24, 1822 – December 14, 1881) was a U.S. Representative from New York.
Born in Chelsea, Vermont, Hale attended South Royalton (Vermont) Academy, and was graduated from the University of Vermont at Burlington in 1842. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Elizabethtown, New York, in 1847. He served as judge of Essex County 1856–1864.
He was elected a Regent of the University of the State of New York in 1859.
In the 1860 presidential election, he was a presidential elector for Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamiln.
He served as special counsel of the United States charged with the defense of the "abandoned and captured property claims" 1868–1870 and as Agent and counsel for the United States before the American and British Mixed Commission under the Treaty of Washington 1871–1873.
Hale was elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Orlando Kellogg and served from December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1867.
Hale was elected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875). He served as chairman of the Committee on District of Columbia (Forty-third Congress).
He was not a candidate for reelection in 1874.
He was appointed a commissioner of the State survey April 29, 1876, in which capacity he was serving when he died in Elizabethtown, New York, on December 14, 1881. He was interred in Riverside Cemetery.
State Senator Matthew Hale (1829–1897) was his brother.
# Thomas Kempshall

Thomas Kempshall (c. 1796 – January 14, 1865) was a U.S. Representative from New York.
Born in England around 1796, Kempshall attended the common schools. He immigrated to the United States with his father, who settled in Pittsford, New York, in 1806. He moved to Rochester, New York, in 1813, where he was employed as a carpenter. He engaged in mercantile pursuits and later became engaged in milling.
He served as a member of the board of aldermen of Rochester, New York in 1834 and again in 1844, serving as mayor in 1837. He was an unsuccessful candidate for mayor in 1852.
Kempshall was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-Sixth Congress (March 4, 1839 – March 3, 1841).
He died in Rochester, New York, on January 14, 1865, aged about 69 years. He was interred in Mount Hope Cemetery.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "Thomas Kempshall (id: K000087)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
# Samuel C. Fessenden

Samuel Clement Fessenden (March 7, 1815 – April 18, 1882) was an American abolitionist and United States Congressman from Maine.

## Early life and education

Born in New Gloucester, Massachusetts (now in Maine), Samuel Fessenden graduated from Bowdoin College in 1834 and from Bangor Theological Seminary in 1837.

## Family

Samuel Clement Fessenden was the son of prominent abolitionist Samuel Fessenden and brother of Treasury Secretary William Pitt Fessenden and Congressman T. A. D. Fessenden. He was an uncle of Union Army generals Francis Fessenden and James D. Fessenden.
Samuel C. Fessenden married Mary Abigail Grosvenor Abbe. Their son, Joshua Abbe Fessenden, who was born in Rockland, Maine, served in the United States Cavalry beginning in 1862 and was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga. His other son, Samuel, also born in Rockland, was appointed 2nd lieutenant in the 5th Maine battery on January 18, 1865, and was a lawyer and politician in Stamford, Connecticut.

## Career

He was ordained and installed as pastor of the Second Congregational Church of Thomaston, Maine, from 1837 to 1856. He then established the Maine Evangelist and began to study law. He was admitted to the bar and began practicing in 1858, eventually becoming judge of the Rockland municipal court.
He was elected as a Republican to the 37th Congress, serving from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. During his time as a congressman, he continued to be a staunch Unionist and opponent of slavery. After leaving office, he served as an examiner in the United States Patent Office from 1865 to 1879 and then the United States consul at Saint John, New Brunswick, from 1879 to 1881.

## Death

Fessenden died in Stamford, Connecticut, in 1882. He is buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Portland, Maine.
# William H. Hammett

William Henry Hammett (March 25, 1799 – July 9, 1861) was an American clergyman and politician who served one term as a U.S. Representative from Mississippi from 1843 to 1845.

## Biography

Born in Dunmanway, County Cork, Ireland, Hammett studied theology. He was chaplain of the University of Virginia at Charlottesville 1832–1834 and of the Virginia House of delegates.

### Congress

Hammett was elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845).

### Death

He died July 9, 1861, in Washington County, Mississippi.
# Down on Love

"Down on Love" is the fourth single taken from the album Agent Provocateur by the band Foreigner, and released in August 1985.
The song was written by Lou Gramm and Mick Jones, and the B-side, "Growing Up the Hard Way", was itself released as an A-side single in Europe.

## Reception

Billboard said that the single "returns the group to the massive power ballad sound that's propelled their biggest pop hits." Cash Box said that "heart tugging sentimentality meets slickly professional rock" and predicted a "fast rise up the pop singles chart" based on Foreigner's "knack for slow rocking love tunes." The Pittsburgh Press critic Pete Bishop described it as an "'I-can-heal-your-heartache' ballad" that he compared to the lead single from Agent Provocateur, "I Want to Know What Love Is." Daily Record critic Jim Bohen described it as "synthesizer-orchestrated pop [ballad] of towering melodrama." The Sun music critic Alan Schmidt noted that while two other ballads from Agent Provocateur that were released as singles, "I Want to Know What Love Is" and "That Was Yesterday," are "full of the blues" then "Down on Love" provides a "ray of hope" with lyrics like "They've given up on finding someone new/But new love comes, it's gonna come for you." Billings Gazette writer Chris Rubich similarly wrote that it's a "song of reassurance that love deserves another chance."
Allmusic critic Bret Adams later praised the song's "pleasant chorus" and "warm keyboard melody." Tri-City Herald critic Jim Angell praised the synthesizer playing. But The Daily News Journal music writer Curt Anderson criticized the fact that the slow keyboard buildup goes nowhere, "as if the mere sound of a synthesizer is all the song needs."

## Chart performance

"Down on Love" reached #54 on the Billboard Hot 100. It reached #59 on the Cash Box Top 100 Singles chart. Fort Worth Star-Telegram pop music writer Roger Kaye stated that the song was a hit in the Dallas, Texas area even though it did not perform very well on the national charts. It was also a Top 20 hit in the Akron, Ohio area.
# Pasty (disambiguation)

A pasty is a British baked pastry.
Pasty or Pastie may also refer to:
* Pastie, a large, round patéd pie eaten in Northern Ireland
* Pasties, adhesive coverings applied to cover a person's nipples
* Pasty (horse), a racehorse
* Pasty Harris (born 1944), English cricketer (from Cornwall)
* a pale and unhealthy appearance; pallor
* an implementation of Pastebin
* an abbreviation of the Pastylink website
# James Girard Lindsley

James Girard Lindsley (March 19, 1819 – December 4, 1898) was an American politician and a U.S. Representative from New York.

## Early life

Born in Orange, New Jersey, Lindsley attended the public schools, the military academy in Orange operated by Truman B. Ransom, and Pierson's Orange Classical School.

## Career

Lindsley moved to New York and was a trustee of the village of Rondout, New York from 1859 to 1864. He also served as president of the village of Rondout in 1852 and 1867–1869.
An ardent Whig, Republican, and Liberal, Lindsley was elected supervisor of Kingston, New York, in March 1872 and in April of the same year was elected the first mayor of Kingston, to which office he was reelected for six consecutive years. He was general manager of the Newark Lime & Cement Manufacturing Co., Kingston, New York, and was the organizer and president of the Kingston Water Co.
Elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Congress, Lindsley served as United States Representative for the first district of New York (March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1887). He was not a candidate for reelection in 1886.

## Death

Lindsley died in Kingston, New York, on December 4, 1898 (age 79 years, 260 days). He is interred at Montrepose Cemetery in Kingston, New York.

## Personal life

The son of John Morris and Charlotte Taylor Lindsley, he married Sarah Esther Tompkins on September 25, 1844, and they had one daughter, Anna Lindsley McAllister. Sarah died on June 29, 1876, and Lindsley married Laura B. Oatley on July 3, 1877.
# Moses Mason Jr.

Moses Mason Jr. (1789–1866) was a U.S. Representative from Maine.
Born in Dublin, New Hampshire, Mason moved with his parents to Bethel, Maine, in 1799. He attended the common schools, then studied medicine and commenced practice in Bethel in 1813. He was appointed first postmaster of Bethel April 1, 1815, serving until December 27, 1833. He was a Justice of the Peace 1821–1866, and county commissioner 1831–1834.
Mason was elected as a Jacksonian to the twenty-third and twenty-fourth congresses (March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1837). He was an executive councilor 1843–1845, trustee of the state insane hospital in 1844, and selectman of Bethel for fourteen years. He served as president of Gould Academy 1854–1856.
He died in Bethel, Maine, June 25, 1866 and was interred in Woodlawn Cemetery.
# Rufus H. King

Rufus H. King (January 20, 1820 – September 13, 1890) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

## Biography

Born in Rensselaerville, New York, King completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Wesleyan University. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1843 and commenced practice in Catskill, New York.
King was elected as an Opposition Party candidate to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1856. He resumed the practice of law.
He served as president of the Catskill National Bank from 1865 to 1867. On the consolidation of that bank with the Tanners' National Bank, King continued on the board of directors. He served as presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1860. He served as delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1868 and 1880.
He died in Catskill, New York, September 13, 1890. He was interred in Catskill Village Cemetery.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "Rufus H. King (id: K000213)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byTheodoric R. Westbrook | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 11th congressional district 1855–1857 | Succeeded byWilliam F. Russell |
This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
# Henry B. Metcalfe

Henry Bleecker Metcalfe (January 20, 1805 – February 7, 1881) was an American lawyer and politician who served one term as a U.S. Representative from New York from 1875 to 1877.

## Biography

Born in Albany, New York, Metcalfe moved to New York City in 1811 and to Richmond County in 1816. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in New York City in 1826. He served as prosecuting attorney of Richmond County from 1826 to 1832.

### Judicial career

Metcalfe was elected county judge in 1840 and served until 1841 when he resigned. He resumed his position of county judge in 1847 and remained until 1875.

### Congress

Metcalfe was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877). He served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures on Public Buildings (Forty-fourth Congress).

### Death

He died in Richmond, Staten Island, New York on February 7, 1881. He was interred in the Moravian Cemetery, New Dorp, Staten Island, New York.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "Henry B. Metcalfe (id: M000673)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byHenry Joel Scudder | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 1st congressional district 1875–1877 | Succeeded byJames W. Covert |
| Legal offices |||
| Preceded byGeorge Metcalfe | Richmond County District Attorney 1826–1833 | Succeeded byThomas S. Kingsland |
This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
* This article about a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York State is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# God Loves Caviar

God Loves Caviar (Greek: Ο Θεός αγαπάει το χαβιάρι, translit. O Theós agapáei to chaviári; in Russia known as Pirates of the Aegean Sea) is a 2012 Russian-Greek drama film directed by Yannis Smaragdis.

## Plot

The film is based upon the true story of Ioannis Varvakis, a Greek caviar merchant and eventual benefactor from Psara who was formerly a pirate. He was born in Psara, and from an early age he learned to navigate the seas, an occupation revered and steeped in tradition on the island where he grew up. At the age of 17 he built his own ship, which he would later offer to the Russians during the Orlov Revolt. Ultimately, his ship was destroyed, and he turned to Saint Petersburg to ask for an audience with Catherine the Great. He was given compensation for the loss of his ship and granted authorization to fish freely in the Caspian Sea. Due to his superb navigational skills and excellent seamanship abilities, he dominated the Caspian Sea and soon became substantially wealthy. When he initially discovered the superior caviar of the Beluga Sturgeon, he quickly realized that there could be an incredible market trading for this product. From the caviar trade he eventually became a millionaire and later donated part of his fortune for important works that improved the life of Russians and Greeks on the Black Sea coasts. In his later years, he became a member of the Filiki Eteria, which would contribute to the overthrow of the Ottoman rule of Greece. He died in 1825 in Zante, during the Greek War of Independence. After his death, his entire estate went to the Ioannis Varvakis Foundation which would offer up important grants throughout Greece. The script follows the entire life of Varvakis, but the film's narration begins with his final moments in Zante.

## Cast

* Sebastian Koch as Ioannis Varvakis
* Yevgeny Stychkin as Ivan
* Juan Diego Botto as Alexios Lefentarios
* Olga Sutulova as Helena Romachoff
* John Cleese as McCormick
* Catherine Deneuve as Empress Catherine II of Russia
* Akis Sakellariou as Kimon
* Nick Ashdon as British Ambassador
* Marisha Triantafyllidou as Maria Varvakis
* Alexandra Sakelaropoulou as Varvakis' Mother
* Fotini Baxevani as Ludmilla
* Christoforos Papakaliatis as Grigori Potemkin
* Lakis Lazopoulos as Fisherman of God
* Irene Balta as Varvakis' Wife
* Pavlos Kontoyannidis as Shipbuilder
* Alexandros Mylonas as Temporary Prime Minister
* Yannis Vouros as Businessman A
* Manos Vakousis as Businessman B
* Giorgos Ktenavos as Andreas Varvakis
* Kris Radanov as Alexei Orlov
* Giorgos Kotanidis as Theodoros Kolokotronis

## Reception

The film was one of the official selections that debuted in 2012 Toronto Film Festival. In 2013 the film was the highest-grossing film in Greece.
# George Funston Miller

George Funston Miller (September 5, 1809 – October 21, 1885) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

## Formative years

George F. Miller was born in Chillisquaque Township, Pennsylvania on September 5, 1809. He attended Kirkpatrick's Academy in Milton, Pennsylvania. While employed as a teacher in his local common school, he studied law.
Admitted to the bar of Union County, Pennsylvania on May 15, 1833, he subsequently opened a law practice in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.

## Academic and public service career

A member of the board of curators of the University at Lewisburg (now Bucknell University) from 1846 to 1882, Miller served as scribe of curators from 1847 to 1851 and secretary of the board of trustees of Bucknell University from 1848 to 1864.
He was elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses.
Following his legislative career, he resumed the practice of law, and served as president of the Lewisburg, Centre & Spruce Creek Railroad.

## Death and interment

Miller died in Lewisburg on October 21, 1885, and was interred in the Lewisburg Cemetery.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "George Funston Miller (id: M000726)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
* The Political Graveyard
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byWilliam H. Miller | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district 1865–1869 | Succeeded byJohn B. Packer |
# Embassy of Belgium, New Delhi

The Embassy of Belgium in New Delhi is the diplomatic mission of the Kingdom of Belgium to India. The embassy is located at Shantipath, Chanakyapuri. The Embassy of Belgium in New Delhi covers the services for India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, the Maldives, Bhutan and Nepal. Belgium also operates a consulate in Mumbai and Chennai. The Belgian ambassador to India is Didier Vanderhasselt.
Belgium had opened its embassy in India in 1947, just a few months after India's independence. Its first ambassador to India was Eugène, 11th Prince of Ligne.
The construction of the current embassy complex (seen in picture) was designed and managed by Satish Gujral, and completed in 1984. The design resembles a fortress of rocky outcrops. The building complex includes the administrative buildings of the embassy, chancellor's residence, ambassador's residence, and staff housing. The embassy was one of Satish Gujral's most challenging assignments, winning him national and international awards. In 2000, the building was recognised as one of the 1000 best buildings of the 20th century
The embassy is located in New Delhi's diplomatic neighbourhood of Chanakyapuri. The front facade consists of two large cupolas with a central fold above the entrance. The entrance opens into a courtyard with stone masonry and greenery within. The building is constructed with red bricks. The ubiquitous red brick construction of the building has been compared to early architectural forms prevalent in Mohenjo-daro and the buddhist architecture in Sanchi and Nalanda. Along with two other embassies, the post-modern architecture of the Belgian embassy in New Delhi has been critiqued by Roger Connah for its confusing appeal to pre-colonial glory of Delhi on one hand and the fading (British) empire on the other. Some parts of the building near the entrance are open to visitors, while the parts hosting the residence and the administrative blocks are not accessible to the public.

## Ambassadors

The current ambassador is Didier Vanderhasselt. The ambassador until 2018 was Jan Luykx and until 2022 Francois Delhaye.