# Chamber of Deputies (France)

The Chamber of Deputies (French: Chambre des députés,) was the lower house of Parliament in France at various times in the 19th and 20th centuries:
* 1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament, elected by census suffrage.
* 1875–1940 during the French Third Republic, the Chamber of Deputies was the legislative assembly of the French Parliament, elected by two-round system with universal male suffrage. When reunited with the Senate in Versailles, the French Parliament was called the National Assembly (Assemblée nationale) and carried out the election of the president of the French Republic.

## During the Bourbon Restoration

Created by the Charter of 1814 and replacing the Corps législatif, which existed under the First French Empire, the Chamber of Deputies was composed of individuals elected by census suffrage. Its role was to discuss laws and, most importantly, to vote taxes. According to the Charter, deputies were elected for five years, with one-fifth renewed each year. Deputies needed to be 40 years old and to pay 1,000 francs in direct contributions.
Government ministers could be chosen from among the deputies, and this resulted in giving the Restoration government a slight, albeit minor, parliamentary and liberal character.
During the Hundred Days (les cent jours) return of Napoleon I in 1815, under the terms of the Additional Act to the Constitutions of the Empire, the Chamber of Deputies was briefly replaced by a Chamber of Representatives (Chambre des représentants). This body was dissolved upon the entry of Coalition troops into Paris on 7 July.
For the period 1815–1816, the (then) Ultra-royalist chamber was referred to as the Chambre introuvable.

## During the July Monarchy

The Chamber of Deputies was elected by census suffrage according to the Charter of 1830. The political life of the July Monarchy was defined by the split within the Chamber of Deputies between the progressive movement (considered the Charter as a starting point) and the conservative wing (who refused any further modifications). Although both parties traded power in the initial stages, by 1840 the conservative members around François Guizot had seized control.
From 1830, deputies were elected for five years. They needed to be 30 years old and to pay 500 francs in direct contributions.
The king convoked the chamber every year, and he had the power to extend the parliamentary session or to dissolve the chamber, although in the latter case he was required to convoke a new chamber in three months time.
In 1852, the Chamber of Deputies retook the name Corps législatif.

## Historical composition
### Kingdom of France (1815–1848)

Jacobin Republicans
  Miscellaneous left
  Republicans
  Liberals
  Movement Party
  Third Party [fr]
  Doctrinaires
  Resistance Party
  Orléanist
  Bonapartists
  Ultra Royalists / Legitimists :
| May 1815 | 40 510 80 |
| August 1815 | 50 350 |
| 1816 | 20 10 136 92 |
| 1820 | 80 194 160 |
| 1824 | 17 413 |
| 1827 | 170 260 |
| 1830 | 274 282 |
| 1831 | 73 282 104 |
| 1834 | 75 50 320 15 |
| 1837 | 19 142 56 64 168 15 |
| 1839 | 240 199 20 |
| 1842 | 193 266 |
| 1846 | 168 290 |

### French Third Republic (1870–1940)

PUP
  PCF
  SFIO
  Far-Left / Radicals and Socialists / Radical Socialists
  Republican Union
  SI / PRS
  Radical Left / Independent Radicals
   Radical-Socialists
  Centre-Left
  Republican Left / Democratic Union / ARD
  Miscellaneous
  SE
  PDP
  Progressive Republicans
  Constitutional monarchists / Centre-Right
  Bonapartists
  Orléanist
  FR
  Clericals
  Legitimists / Monarchists / Right
  Nationalists / Far-Right :
| 1871 | 38 112 72 20 214 182 |
| 1876 | 27 98 193 48 15 22 76 40 15 24 |
| 1877 | 27 73 147 66 3 111 38 56 |
| 1881 | 48 1 47 170 157 44 8 44 38 |
| 1885 | 60 40 200 83 65 63 73 |
| 1889 | 57 13 69 214 14 3 169 37 |
| 1893 | 67 41 99 242 30 27 61 14 |
| 1898 | 97 55 86 232 5 53 39 14 |
| 1902 | 43 104 129 62 127 89 35 |
| 1906 | 54 20 132 115 90 66 78 30 |
| 1910 | 75 24 261 1 66 30 131 7 |
| 1914 | 5 102 22 192 66 77 50 88 |
| 1919 | 68 26 86 107 21 29 183 |
| 1924 | 26 104 44 139 123 29 116 |
| 1928 | 11 102 60 125 180 24 100 |
| 1932 | 9 10 132 43 160 121 49 83 |
| 1936 | 6 72 149 44 115 82 42 100 |