OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Double deviance theory

Double deviance theory states, "women are treated more harshly [than men] by the criminal justice system... because they are guilty of being doubly deviant. They have deviated from accepted social norms by breaking the law and deviated from gender norms which state how woman should behave."
The idea of double deviance was first introduced by feminist sociologist and criminologist Frances Heidensohn in her paper The deviance of women: a critique and an enquiry, published by the British Journal of Sociology in 1968.

## Evidence

In 1987, Janet B. Johnston, Thomas D. Kennedy, and I. Gayle Shuman published a study that determined that women were more likely than men to be incarcerated for robbery and assault, but less likely than men to be incarcerated for property crimes. This phenomenon was concluded to be caused by the fact that women who committed more violent crimes were deemed to have violated gender-role stereotypes.
In 2015, a study by Rob Tillyer, Richard D. Hartley, and Jeffery T. Ward found that if a woman had a limited criminal history and had overall remained in accordance with the ideal image of a woman, then she would receive a more lenient sentence. However, if it was determined that a woman had broken the law and societal norms, she would be punished more harshly than men who were charged with the same crime.
In 2012, Barbara A. Koons-Witt, Eric L. Sevigny, John D. Burrow, and Rhys Hester conducted a study that found that women with extensive criminal histories were not extended the same leniency in the criminal justice system compared to women with limited or no criminal history. Additionally, it was concluded that the women with long criminal histories are often sentenced at the same level as men.
In 2018, Melinda Tasca, Ahram Cho, Cassia Spohn, and Nancy Rodriguez analyzed how parental status affected those being sentenced. Results showed that mothers were more likely than fathers to receive longer sentences. This disparity was attributed to the fact that mothers, who are often seen as the primary caregivers, had broken the traditional gender role of women by committing a crime when their focus was supposed to be on caring for one's family.
# Charles H. Bell (politician)

Charles Henry Bell (November 18, 1823 – November 11, 1893) was an American lawyer and Republican politician from Exeter, New Hampshire. Bell served New Hampshire in both the New Hampshire House of Representatives and the New Hampshire Senate, as a U.S. Senator, and as the 38th governor of New Hampshire.

## Early life

Charles H. Bell was born on November 18, 1823, in Chester, New Hampshire, one of the ten children of Governor John Bell. He was also the nephew of Samuel Bell, first cousin of James Bell and the first cousin, once removed of Samuel Newell Bell.

## Service in the New Hampshire General Court

Bell's career in the New Hampshire General Court was notable in that he held two unique offices. In 1860 Bell was the Speaker of the New Hampshire House of Representatives. and President of the New Hampshire Senate in 1864.

## Writings

Bell was the author of an influential early history of Exeter, New Hampshire, as well as a number of other books. His first wife was Sarah Almira Gilman, daughter of Nicholas Gilman; his second wife Helen A. (Williams) daughter of Reuel Williams of Portland, ME, and widow of John Taylor Gilman of Exeter. Both wives were descendants of Edward Gilman Sr., an early Exeter settler who had previously lived in Hingham, Massachusetts, and Ipswich, Massachusetts.

## Honors

Bell was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1868.

## Death and burial

Charles Bell died on November 11, 1893 (one week shy of his 70th birthday) in Exeter, New Hampshire, and is buried at the Exeter Cemetery in that town.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 Jenks, George E. (1866), Political Journal for the State of The New Hampshire 1867, Concord, New Hampshire: McFarland and Jenks, p. 44
* 1 2 3 4 5 Jenks, George E. (1866), Political Journal for the State of The New Hampshire 1867, Concord, New Hampshire: McFarland and Jenks, p. 45
* ↑ The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Henry Fitz-Gilbert Waters, New England Historic and Genealogical Society, Boston, 1894
* ↑ American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
* ↑ "Death of Ex Gov Bell". The Boston Globe. Exeter. November 12, 1893. p. 3. Retrieved January 6, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
# Lord Smith

Lord Smith may refer to:
* Rodney Smith, Baron Smith (1914–1998), British surgeon
* Trevor Smith, Baron Smith of Clifton (1937–2021), Liberal Democrat politician
* Chris Smith, Baron Smith of Finsbury (born 1951), Labour cabinet minister and chair of the Environment Agency
* Philip Smith, Baron Smith of Hindhead (born 1966), British Conservative politician
* Robert Smith, Baron Smith of Kelvin (born 1944), British businessman and crossbench peer
* Peter Smith, Baron Smith of Leigh (1945–2021), Labour councillor

## Other peers surnamed Smith

* Arthur Smith-Barry, 1st Baron Barrymore (1843–1925), Anglo-Irish Conservative politician
* Baron Bicester, multiple people
* Earl of Birkenhead, multiple people
* Liam Booth-Smith, Baron Booth-Smith (born 1987), British political adviser and Conservative politician
* Robert Smith, 1st Baron Carrington (1752–1838), British banker
* Baron Colwyn, multiple people
* Charles Delacourt-Smith, Baron Delacourt-Smith (1917–1972), British trade unionist and Labour politician
* Robert Dixon-Smith, Baron Dixon-Smith (born 1934), British farmer and Conservative politician
* Viscount Hambleden, multiple people
* John Smith, Baron Kirkhill (born 1930), British Labour politician
* Robert Vernon Smith, 1st Baron Lyveden (1800–1873), British Whig and Liberal politician
* Donald Smith, 1st Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal (1820–1914), Scottish-born Canadian businessman
# Sankt Veit im Mühlkreis

Sankt Veit im Mühlkreis is a municipality in the district of Rohrbach in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

## Geography

Sankt Veit im Mühlkreis lies in the far east of the district of Rohrbach in the upper Mühlviertel. About 27 percent of the municipality is forest, and 67 percent is farmland.
# Carol Christian (tennis)

Carol Pat Christian (born 1962) is an American former professional tennis player.

## Biography

Christian grew up in San Bernardino, California and while at Pacific High School won back to back Southern Section doubles titles, with Pat Shellhammer.

### Collegiate tennis

In 1980 and 1981, Christian played collegiate women's tennis at Cal State Fullerton for Titans Head Coach Jan Billings.

### Professional tennis

As a professional player she reached a best singles ranking of 111 in the world. Her best performance in a grand slam tournament was a third round appearance at the 1988 Australian Open. Christian had a WTA professional record of 45 wins and 47 losses during her career.
# Dzmitry Girs

Dzmitry Girs (Belarusian: Дзмітрый Гірс; Russian: Дмитрий Гирс; born 11 June 1997) is a Belarusian professional footballer who plays for Vitebsk.
# Excitor

The Excitor was a fast boat tourist experience in the Bay of Islands, New Zealand, that operated until 2011. It was used on a high-speed trip through the scenic bay out to Cape Brett, where the boat travelled through the 'Hole in the Rock', a natural sea-tunnel (wave-heights permitting). The boat was operated by Tourism Holdings Ltd, then by InterCity.
Passengers sitting in the open boat had to wear lifejackets, and waves swamping the boat had been reported, though it was designed to quickly drain the water through its stern.

## Vessels

Three vessels were used over the years to operate the Excitor experience.

### Excitor I

Excitor I was in use by for six years on around 900 trips. It was involved in a serious incident in 1998, when a mechanical failure in the gearbox linkage caused the boat to become unsteerable while entering Cathedral Cave. With the starboard engine still running ahead, the bow of the vessel collided with the cave wall. Twenty-nine people aboard had to abandon the boat and were forced to "swim for their lives" to the mouth of the cave, while the boat was battered against the cave roof by 3 m high wave swells. After 20 minutes, the operator was able to reverse the boat out of the cave, radio for help, and pick up the passengers. One person sustained light injuries, and one young child suffered hypothermia.
Passengers involved in the incident accused the operator of subsequently downplaying the duration and the risks during the incident, such as the danger of being dashed against rocks. They were also critical of the (at that time unreleased) official incident report by the Maritime Safety Authority, which was said to have failed to address contributing factors such as the late arrival (5 pm) of the boat at the cave, the height of the swells outside the cave mouth, as well as alleged fatigue of the skipper.

### Excitor II

Around the end of 2002, the larger Excitor II was introduced. The timber-fiberglass jetboat was built by Johnson Yachts International, and used 2 x 'Seafury' jetboat drives built in Silverdale, Auckland, powered by 2 x 800 hp turbo intercooled Caterpillar engines. It reached speeds of up to 46 knots (approximately 85 km/h), and carried 46-54 tourists. It was 18 m long, 4.2 m wide and had a 1.2 m draft.

### Excitor III

In October 2010 a faster Excitor III was introduced. The 12.5m Naiad rigid hull inflatable vessel carried up to 35 passengers at up to 50 knots, powered by 4 x 300 hp V8 engines. Built by Whangārei-based Circa Marine, and specifically designed for conditions in the Bay of Islands, the new Excitor featured straddle seats, an ultra modern low wake hull design and a retractable set of stairs built into the bow to allow her to service any beach in the Bay of Islands. In January and March 2011, passengers were injured in incidents on the boat and Maritime New Zealand stopped the boat operating.
# Kevin Iodice

Kevin Iodice (born 12 January 2001) is a Swiss footballer who plays as a defender for Swiss Promotion League club Baden.

## Career
### Grasshoppers

Iodice was part of the Grasshoppers youth system, playing for their U16, U18 and U19 youth squads during his tenure with the club from 2017 to 2021. During this time he played for Grasshoppers II in the lower Swiss leagues.
Iodice made his senior debut for Grasshopper Club Zürich on 30 July 2020 in a Swiss Super League game against FC Aarau.

### Vaduz

On 28 January 2021, Iodice was transferred to Vaduz. His contract was signed to run until Summer 2023. During the 2021–22 season, he made 17 appearances in the Swiss Challenge League and two appearances in the FL Cup. Across both competitions, he collected 8 yellow cards.

### Schaffhausen

After a spell in Italy with Sammaurese, on 13 January 2024 he joined Swiss side Schaffhausen.
# Triticites

Triticites ("grain of wheat") is a genus of foraminiferan in the family Schwangerinidae. More than four hundred species have been identified.

## Description

Triticites shells are fusiform to elongate fusiform in shape, with poles that are pointed sharply to bluntly. The shell wall consists of a tectum between 5–8 microns thick and keriotheca of varying thickness. In basal species, the alveoli are thin-walled and indistinct. The septa are always irregular and blister-like at the poles, with septal pores that are often conspicuous in the outer volutions. In more basal species, septal fluting is only developed near the polar regions, but in more derived ones it extends, to varying degrees, from the axial to polar regions. The chromata are small.

## Taxonomy

Triticites belongs to the family Schwagerinidae, part of the order Fusulinida. It can be distinguished from the related Schwagerina by its chomata, which are more conspicuous than in Schwagerina.
# William Seamonson

William Seamonson (February 9, 1840 – April 8, 1903) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

## Biography

Seamonson was born near Skien, Norway, on February 9, 1840 and immigrated to the United States as a child in 1842. The family initially lived in Muskegon, Michigan and then relocated to Pleasant Springs, Wisconsin in 1844. During the American Civil War, he served with the 23rd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Union Army, achieving the rank of sergeant. Conflicts he took part in include the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou, the Battle of Arkansas Post, the Battle of Grand Gulf, the Battle of Champion Hill, the Siege of Vicksburg, the Jackson Expedition, the Battle of Bayou Bourbeux, the Battle of Mansfield, the Battle of Pleasant Hill, the Battle of Spanish Fort and the Battle of Fort Blakeley. Afterwards, Seamonson owned farms in Pleasant Springs.
On November 1, 1865, Seamonson married Ragnild Christophersdotter. They had three children before her death in December 1873. In 1876, Seamonson married Isabelle Tostensdotter Gullikson. They had nine children. Seamonson and his family were Lutherans.
Seamonson relocated to Neillsville, Wisconsin shortly before his death, and he died there on April 8, 1903.

## Political career

Seamonson was a member of the Assembly during the 1876 session. Later, he was assistant sergeant-at-arms of the Assembly during the 1878 session. Other positions he held include chairman (similar to mayor) and town treasurer of Pleasant Springs, a member of the county board of Dane County, Wisconsin and delegate to the Republican State Convention in 1871, 1872, and 1875.
# Gabriel Cotabiță

Gabriel Cotabiță (1 November 1955 – 23 November 2024) was a Romanian pop and rock singer.

## Life and career

Cotabiță was born on 1 November 1955. He graduated from the Craiova's Institute of Electrotechnics, becoming an engineer.
Cotabiță debuted in rock music in 1975 with the group Redivivus. In the 1980s, he was a member of the well-known rock group Holograf. In 2002 he joined a group of rock then musicians and together they formed the band VH2, of which Gabriel was a vocalist.
He was also a host of a Callatis Festival and also a prominent part of a Romanian mainstream rock scene. He had a few notable collaborations with artists such as Ștefan Bănică, Jr. and Loredana Groza.
Cotabiță died from a stroke on 23 November 2024, aged 69.

## Selected discography

* 1988 – Noapte albastră
* 1989 – Noi rămânem oameni
* 1991 – Prima iubire și ultima
* 1993 – Prizonier
* 2010 – Fărâme de tandrețe
# Carol Hanks Aucamp

Carol Hanks Aucamp (born April 2, 1943) is a retired tennis player who played in the 1960s. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri.

## Accomplishments

She was ranked as high as No. 5 in the United States (1964), and was ranked 10th in 1960, 11th in 1961, 12th in 1962 and 7th in 1963.
She won the U.S. Indoor Singles title in 1963, the U.S. Hardcourt Singles title in 1962, and the Cincinnati singles title in 1960. She also was a singles finalist in Cincinnati in 1959.
In doubles, she won the U.S. Indoor Doubles title (with Mary-Ann Eisel) in 1963, 1964 and 1965, and in 1958 with Nancy O'Connell, and won the title in Cincinnati in 1960 with Justina Bricka.

## Biography

She attended Stanford University, where she won the Intercollegiate Doubles title with Linda Yeomans in 1962. She is a member of the Stanford Athletic Hall of Fame. Aucamp graduated from Washington University in St. Louis. She is married to Donald Aucamp.

## Grand Slam finals
### Mixed doubles (1 runner-up)

| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 1966 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Ed Rubinoff | Donna Floyd Owen Davidson | 1–6, 3–6 |
# Chester H. Gross

Chester Heilman Gross (October 13, 1888 – January 9, 1973) was an American politician. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

## Biography

Chester H. Gross was born on a farm in East Manchester Township, York County, Pennsylvania on October 13, 1888. He attended Pennsylvania State College at State College, Pennsylvania.
He served as township supervisor from 1918 to 1922, as a member of the Pennsylvania State House of Representatives in 1929 and 1930, as school board director from 1931 to 1940, and as president of the State School Directors Association in 1939 and 1940.
Gross was elected as a Republican to the Seventy-sixth Congress, but was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1940.
He returned to farming until he was elected to the Seventy-eighth and to the two succeeding Congresses, but was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1948, defeated by Democrat James F. Lind.
He was then an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination in 1954 and 1956.
After his time in Congress he worked as a real estate salesman until his retirement.

## Death and interment

He died in York, Pennsylvania on January 9, 1973, and was interred in the Manchester Lutheran Cemetery in Manchester, Pennsylvania.
# Suzuki Advanced Cooling System

The Suzuki Advanced Cooling System (SACS) was developed by Suzuki engineer Etsuo Yokouchi in the early 1980s. The system was used extensively on GSX-R model bikes from 1985 through 1992. Suzuki continued to use the system in its GSF (Bandit) and GSX (GSX-F, GSX1400, Inazuma) lines until the 2006 model-year and DR650 from 1990 to present. Engines using the SACS system were generally regarded as being very durable.

## Development

While addressing reliability issues in Suzuki's only turbo charged bike, the XN85, the SACS system was first conceived by Etsuo Yokouchi, who looked to World War II–era aircraft for inspiration. Like air-cooled motorcycles, radial engines used in many early aircraft suffered from heat and reliability issues. To overcome these problems, aircraft engineers often used oil jets aimed at the bottom of an engine's pistons to carry away excess heat. Following their example, Yokouchi decided to apply the approach to motorcycles.
When the GSX-R entered development, Suzuki set a goal of 100 horsepower (75 kW) for a 750 engine and, due to known heat-related problems in high-power air-cooled engines, determined that air cooling alone would not be sufficient. Therefore, the SACS system was applied to the bike's design and was eventually carried over to all larger GSX-Rs. The final GSX-R SACS engine appeared on the Suzuki GSX-R1100 in 1992, later bikes featured water cooling.

## Mechanics

The SACS system uses high volumes of engine oil aimed at strategic points of the engine, like the top of the combustion chamber, which are not typically well served by air cooling alone. In order to provide enough oil for both cooling and lubrication, the system uses a double-chamber oil pump, using the high-pressure side for lubrication of the parts (crankshaft, connecting rods, valvetrain), while the low-pressure, high-volume side provides oil to the cooling and filtering circuit. The oil removes heat from hot engine parts through direct contact, is pumped away and subsequently routed through the oil filter, followed by routing through an oil cooler before being returned to the main sump.
# Old Police Station and Courthouse, Coolah

The Old Police Station and Courthouse is a heritage-listed former police station and courthouse located at 74 Binnia Street, Coolah, in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by the Colonial Architect of New South Wales, James Barnet, and built from 1878 to 1880 by Henry S. Winter. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

## History

The small building, when constructed in 1878-1880, housed the combined functions of court house, police station, lockup and police residence. It was designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet and built by Henry S. Winter.
Some alterations, designed by the office of the Government Architect, Walter Liberty Vernon, were carried out in 1898 by the builder J. T. Saunders of Merriwa and consisted of the conversion of old cells to bedrooms for the residence and the construction of new cells and yard. Some additional minor alterations were carried out between that time and 1930 by the Government Architect of the day, none of which detracted from the architectural significance of the building.
In 1979 Coolah Shire Council requested the making of a conservation order over the Old Police Station and Courthouse. As a new police station and a new police sergeant's residence had already been built on another site in Coolah, plans were being made for its disposal.
The Department of Public Works and Services supported the making of a conservation order in respect of the building.
On 28 March 1980 a permanent conservation order was placed over the property.
In 1987 the Department of Public Works invited tenders for the purchase of the property.
It was transferred to the State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

## Description

The building is of Colonial style architecture. It is constructed of brick with some stone and a galvanised iron roof.
It retains a good state of architectural integrity.

## Heritage listing

As at 3 October 2000, the building, completed in 1880, was one of the few examples remaining from the Victorian era of a small combined police and court building. It was designed by the eminent Colonial Architect, James Barnet, and retains a good state of architectural integrity, as one of the oldest public buildings in the town of Coolah.
The Old Police Station & Courthouse was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.
Completed in 1880, the building is one of the few examples remaining from the Victorian era of a small combined Police and Court building. It was designed by the eminent Colonial Architect, James Barnet, and is one of the oldest public buildings in the town of Coolah.
# Jacques-Pierre-Louis Puthod

Jacques-Pierre-Louis-Marie-Joseph, vicomte Puthod, Viscount (French pronunciation:; 28 September 1769 in Bâgé-le-Châtel – 31 March 1837 in Libourne) was a French soldier of the French Revolutionary Wars who rose to the rank of General and who subsequently took part to the Napoleonic Wars, rising to the top military rank of General of Division.

## Revolutionary Wars

Puthod enlisted as a volunteer in the Couronne-Infanterie regiment in 1785, during the Ancien Régime, rising to rank of Sub-Lieutenant in the Gendarmes-Dauphin company two years later. He then fought in the defense of Lille in 1792, before being sent to serve in the "Army of the Rhine". While serving in the "Army of Italy", he knew sudden advancement when General Jacques MacDonald named him Brigadier General on 17 July 1799. Puthod later distinguished himself at the passage of the Danube and at the Battle of Höchstädt.

## Napoleonic Wars and beyond

It took seven years before Puthod was given his next significant command, which came in 1807, when he was named at the helm of a Baden brigade. In 1808, with the outbreak of the Peninsular War, Puthod was sent to Spain, where he led his troops very well at the battle of Espinosa, becoming a General of Division before the end of that year. Called to serve in the War of the Fifth Coalition against Austria, Puthod was noted for his behaviour at the battle of Wagram and was subsequently assigned to the command of military divisions throughout France. A Baron of the Empire in 1810, he was recalled to active service in 1813 for the War of the Sixth Coalition, serving with distinction at battles such as Möckern, Bautzen or Katzbach, after which he was taken prisoner on 29 August. Following Napoleon's abdication, Puthod enjoyed the favours of the Bourbon Restoration, with Louis XVIII creating him a Viscount of France.
The name PUTHOD is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.
# Curtuișeni

Curtuișeni (Hungarian: Érkörtvélyes) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania with a population of 3,780 people. It is composed of two villages, Curtuișeni and Vășad (Érvasad).
At the 2011 census, 63.3% of inhabitants were Hungarians, 22.5% Romanians, and 14.1% Roma.

## Natives

* Ioan Vancea (1820–1892), Austro-Hungarian ethnic Romanian bishop of the Greek-Catholic Church