# Gloria, Oriental Mindoro

Gloria, officially the Municipality of Gloria (Tagalog: Bayan ng Gloria), is a municipality in the province of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 50,496 people.
The town was previously a barangay called Maligaya, the largest barangay during the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal. Local politicians, led by former guerrilla chief Nicolas Jamilla, Sr., battled for the conversion of Maligaya into a new town. They renamed it after the ten-year-old daughter of the President, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who later on herself became the fourteenth President in 2001. Jamilla became the first mayor of the town, which kept the old name "Maligaya" as the name of a barangay in the poblacion.

## History

Gloria was once part of the municipality of Pinamalayan. In 1915, migrant families from Marinduque settled in Barrio Tambong, and in 1930, when a national road was built through Pinamalayan, they moved west and occupied the area along this road. Tambong was later divided into two barrios: the first retained the original name, while the second was called Maligaya (meaning "happy"), alluding to the settlers' happiness at the bountiful yield of their agricultural crops.
The residents of 25 barrios (Maligaya, Kawit, Malusak, Balite, Dalagan, Tinalunan, Calamundingan, Bulbogan, Langang, Banus, Agus, Batingan, Papandungin, Malamig, Tubag, Malayong, Malubay, Mirayan, Guimbonan, Agsalin, Manguyang, Banutan, Boong-Lupa, Tambong and Maragooc) grouped together and petitioned for the separation of their barrios from the municipality of Pinamalayan. The petition was granted on October 1, 1964, through Executive Order No. 117 issued by President Diosdado Macapagal. Executive Order No. 140, issued on February 25, 1965, by the same President, defined and fixed the boundaries of Gloria as a new municipality. On December 24, 1965, however, the Supreme Court nullified its status as a municipality. Gloria was finally recognized as a distinct municipality on June 9, 1966, when Housebill No. 6107, sponsored by Congressman Luciano Joson, was enacted into law. (It later became known as RA 4651.)
The new municipality was named Gloria, primarily as a token of gratitude to President Macapagal, whose daughter is named Gloria, and secondarily from the word "glory", celebrating the settlers' "glorious" life in Barrio Maligaya.
Barrio Maligaya later became the poblacion and the official seat of the municipal government. Nicolas M. Jamilla Sr. was appointed first Mayor of Gloria by President Diosdado Macapagal, serving from 1964 to 1967. He then ran in the local election of 1967 and won. The first session of the Municipal Council was held in the residence of Mr. Albino Janda. The town's official functions were held in this house from February 1964 to November 1965; then in the residences of Genaro Olavidez from March to June 1965 and Arsenio Arriola from July 1965 to 1973.
The name of the following barangays were changed: Bulbugan to Santa Maria; Dalagan to San Antonio; Malusak to Narra; Batingan to A. Bonifacio; Tubag to Macario Adriatico; Tinalunan to Gaudencio Antonino; Langang to Santa Theresa and Calamundingan to Lucio Laurel. The new barangays of Bulaklakan and Alma Villa were created later. In 1968, a legal entity called "GLORIA REALTY & DEV. CORP." (Gloria Realty Development Corporation) donated two hectares to the municipality, and this became the site of the Municipal Building in 1972. Under the leadership of Mayor Jamilla, the municipality later bought a ten-hectare lot, which became the site of the Municipal Cemetery, Sports Center, Agricultural Center and Breeding Station, and the Medicare Hospital.

## Geography

Gloria is located 77 kilometres (48 mi) from the provincial capital, Calapan.
It is one of the 7 towns comprising Oriental Mindoro's second district. On its north lies its mother town Pinamalayan, on the west is the town of Sablayan in Occidental Mindoro. On the south is the town of Bansud, while on the east is the Tablas Strait.

### Climate

Climate data for Gloria, Oriental Mindoro :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26 (79) | 28 (82) | 29 (84) | 31 (88) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 27 (81) | 29 (84) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 24 (75) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 115 (4.5) | 66 (2.6) | 55 (2.2) | 39 (1.5) | 164 (6.5) | 282 (11.1) | 326 (12.8) | 317 (12.5) | 318 (12.5) | 192 (7.6) | 119 (4.7) | 173 (6.8) | 2,166 (85.3) |
| Average rainy days | 13.6 | 9.4 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 21.1 | 26.0 | 29.0 | 27.6 | 27.5 | 23.1 | 16.7 | 16.1 | 231 |
| Source: Meteoblue ||||||||||||||

### Barangays

Gloria is politically subdivided into 27 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
Nine (9) barangays are situated along the national highway - Bulaklakan, Maligaya, Kawit, Narra, Balete, Lucio Laurel, G. Antonino, Santa Maria and Banus; six (6) are coastal barangays - Tambong, San Antonio, Santa Theresa, Guimbonan, Maragooc and Agsalin; and twelve (12) interior barangays on the west side - Agos, A. Bonifacio, Alma Villa, Mirayan, Buong Lupa, Malamig, Malubay, M. Adriatico, Papandungin, Malayong, Banutan and Manguyang.
* Agsalin
* Agos
* Alma Villa
* Andres Bonifacio
* Balete
* Banus
* Banutan
* Buong Lupa
* Bulaklakan
* Gaudencio Antonino
* Guimbonan
* Kawit
* Lucio Laurel
* Macario Adriatico
* Malamig
* Malayong
* Maligaya (Poblacion)
* Malubay
* Manguyang
* Maragooc
* Mirayan
* Narra
* Papandungin
* San Antonio
* Santa Maria
* Santa Theresa
* Tambong

## Economy

Poverty incidence of Gloria
* 10
* 20
* 30
* 40
* 2006 31.30
* 2009 35.52
* 2012 18.31
* 2015 16.92
* 2018 14.31
* 2021 23.14
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

## Government
### Elected officials

Members of the municipal council (2019-2022):
| Officials | Political Party |
| Rodegerio, Bitoy (Mayor) | LP |
| Ong, Vic Ruskin (Vice Mayor) | PDP |
| Councilors | Political Party |
| Bawasanta, Crispin | LP |
| Fampulme, Timo |
| Paz, Norma | LP |
| Alvarez, Rambo | LP |
| Condesa, Wilfredo | PDP |
| Recalde, Rimando | PDP |

### List of former chief executives

* Nicolas M. Jamilla, Sr. (1964–1986; 1988–1995)+
* Amando Medrano (1986–1987)+
* Felix V. Jarabe (1987)+
* Alonzo San Agustin (1987–1988)+
* Jimmy S. de Castro (1995–2001)
* Romeo D. Alvarez (2001–2010)+
* Loreto S. Pérez (2010-2016)+

## Culture
### Events

* February 14–15: Town fiesta honouring the Sacred Heart of Jesus
* September 29 to October 1: Kawayanan Festival
** Through Presidential Proclamation 688, October 1, 2024 was declared a special non-working day for the celebration of the Kawayanan Festival.
* October 1: Foundation Day

## Education
### Tertiary

* Erhard Science and Technological Institute
* Gloria Institute of Science and Technology

### Secondary

* President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School (formerly known as Malamig National High School Extension)
* Malamig National High School
* Manuel Adriano Memorial National High School
* Bulbugan National High School
* Sacred Heart Academy
* Oriental Mindoro Institute
* CLJC Center for Excellence and Development Academy

## Notable personalities

* Zaijian Jaranilla - Filipino actor best known for his role as the orphan Santino in the 2009–2010; 2013 ABS-CBN religious-themed teleserye, May Bukas Pa.
* Zymic Jaranilla - Zaijian Jaranilla's sibling who is a GMA Network contract artist.