OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marko Turina

Marko Turina (born 23 January 1937) is a Croatian cardiac surgeon. He was the Director of Klinik für Herzgefasschirurgie, University Hospital of Zurich in Zurich, Switzerland. He was one of the first people to insert an artificial heart outside the chest and among the first people to operate on congenital heart defects. Marko Turina is considered as a surgeon of high international prestige.

## Biography

Marko Turina was born in Zagreb. He was a great student, but because Communist Party of Yugoslavia declared him a bourgeois he had no future in SFR Yugoslavia. At first Communists sent him to Banja Luka to serve in the Army. His wish to attend Belgrade Academy for Medical Officers was denied. After that he decided to leave Yugoslavia. He was considered as political emigrant because of his anti-Communist attitudes. He went to Switzerland where he found a job at University hospital of Zürich in 1964 under Ake Senning. In 1985 he became chef of Center for Heart and Blood Vessels Diseases. He was retired in 2004, despite his ambitions to continue his career. His retirement came shortly after the death of a patient he and his team operated on, the patient was transplanted a heart of non-compatible blood type. He is still active, he teaches about cardiac surgery around the World.
# Helena Leiva de Holst

Helena Leiva de Holst (1897–1978) was a Honduran socialist who traveled to both China and the Soviet Union to study Marxism. Her leftist politics caused her to be exiled to Guatemala, where she participated in feminist causes. In the 1950s, Che Guevara lived with her and dedicated some of his poetry to her. When the United Fruit sponsored coup d'état overthrew Guatemalan president Jacobo Árbenz, Leiva was exiled to Mexico. She finally was able to return to Honduras in the late 1960s.

## Biography

Helena Leiva Ferrera was born on 5 October 1897 in Santa Cruz de Yojoa, Cortés Department, Honduras to Emilio Leiva and Florinda Ferrera. Leiva was the granddaughter of Honduran president Ponciano Leiva. As a child, she moved to San Pedro Sula for her studies and it was there that she married a German businessman, Henry Holst. Because of her leftist political views, Leiva was forced into exile in Guatemala. Leiva had traveled to both China and the Soviet Union to study Marxism and in addition was a supporter of feminist causes, attending the Primer Congreso Interamericano de Mujeres held in Guatemala City in 1947. She was also one of the leaders of the Alianza de Mujeres (Alliance of Women).
Leiva continued with her leftist activities, providing lodging for Che Guevara, who was so taken with her that he described her philosophy as "close to communism" and dedicated a 1954 poem, "Invitación al camino" to her. In mid-July, 1954, she was arrested during the United Fruit coup d'état against Guatemalan president Jacobo Árbenz and was exiled to Mexico. After many years of living in exile, she finally was able to return home and lived in San Pedro Sula for the remainder of her life.
Leiva died on 23 August 1978 in San Pedro Sula, Cortés Department, Honduras.
# Via con me

"Via con me" (transl. Away with me), also known as "Via con me (It's wonderful)", is a 1981 Italian song composed and performed by Paolo Conte.

## Background

The song is considered one of Conte's signature songs. Although the album which included it, Paris milonga, did not sell very well at the time of its release, it later became a long-seller thanks to the song's popularity. The song's lyrics include some of Conte's major themes, such as life in a small town, existentialism, and desire to escape into the unknown.
Cover versions of the song were recorded among others by Neri per Caso and Roberto Benigni, which included his version in his directorial debut film Tu mi turbi. The song was included in many other film soundtracks, notably Les Maris, les Femmes, les Amants (1989), French Kiss (1995), A Couch in New York (1996), Mostly Martha (2001), Welcome to Collinwood (2002), Marie and Bruce (2004), No Reservations (2007), Elvis and Anabelle (2007), SMS für Dich (2016) and Deep Water (2022), in which was performed on the piano by Ana de Armas. The Rai 3 television show Vieni via con me was named after it, and had "Via con me" as opening song.
# Mari Ushem

Mari Ushem (Meadow Mari and Russian: Марий ушем; Hill Mari: Мары ушем, lit. 'Mari Union') is a Russian non-governmental organization, whose activity is dedicated to preservation of the Mari culture.

## Origins

Mari Ushem traces its history back to March 1917, when the first ethnic organizations appeared among the Eastern Mari (north of modern Bashkortostan), followed by the Mari of Tsaryovokokshaysk and Urzhum uyezds. They aimed to provide education for Mari and to bridge the 'culture gap' between the Mari and their neighbours (Russians and Tatars). These groups were united by the Central Mari Union (Mari Ushem) in Kazan. It was banned in December 1918, soon after the Bolsheviks took over Kazan, and the Mari societies were later replaced by Mari sections under local Communist party committees.

## Re-establishment

Mari Ushem was re-established in 1989 at the joint meeting of regional offices of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments, the Soviet Culture Foundation and Memorial society in Mari ASSR. The inaugural congress was held on 8 April 1990.
The group's climax in popularity came in April of 2005 when Mari El hosted the tenth meeting of the World Congress of Finno-Ugric Peoples. The conference was mostly used as a propaganda tool for the Republic's government and was highly protested by Mari Ushem as "hijacked". These protests grew due to the killing of journalists in the Republic, and the repression of the Mari language. Any and all members of Mari Ushem were barred from interacting with the foreign dignitaries. At the conference, the Republic’s then President, Leonid Markelov, a Russian from Moscow, denied that the Maris were nationalistic or needed further legal protection. He was compared to Joseph Stalin and Alexander Lukashenko due to his crackdown and control of the press and his harassment of opposition, namely the Mari Ushem. Markelov would push Mari Ushem to largely become an underground organization, with every rally and meeting the group attempted to hold facing a strong police presence to disperse them.
In March 2022, the group received attention after one of their members, Viktor Novogorsky, was expelled from university for his membership in the group. Novogorsky posted an image to his social media of him placing a wreath of flowers under a bust of Sergei Chavain, and standing vigil next to the bust with another activist for around an hour. Shortly after he posted this he was expelled. The university cited "poor performance" as the reason for his expulsion, however, Novogorsky had no poor grades to back up these claims. The group has protested his expulsion, claiming that Novogorsky had violated no laws and that his expulsion was illegal.
As of December 2024, the latest Mari Ushem meeting was the 11th Congress, held in April 2020 in Yoshkar-Ola.

### Mari National Rebirth Party

Mari National Rebirth Party "Ushem" was a political party in Mari El, founded in December 1994 as the political wing of the Mari Ushem movement. The party had around 300 members. Mari Ushem supported Anatoly Popov in 1991 and 1996 presidential elections in Mari El.
# Rajmond Toricska

Rajmond Toricska (born 11 May 1993 in Cegléd) is a Hungarian professional footballer who plays for Újpest FC.

## Club statistics

| Club | Season | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Újpest |
| Újpest | 2011–12 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Újpest | 2012–13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 |
| Újpest | 2013–14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Újpest | Total | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 2 |
| Kozármisleny |
| Kozármisleny | 2013–14 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Kozármisleny | Total | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Career Total | | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 2 |
Updated to games played as of 12 April 2014.
# Samuel Taggart

Samuel Taggart (March 24, 1754 – April 25, 1825) was a Presbyterian Minister, an American politician and a U. S. Representative from Massachusetts.

## Early life

The son of Matthew Taggart, he was born in Londonderry in the Province of New Hampshire on March 24, 1754. Taggart completed preparatory studies, and graduated from Dartmouth College in 1774. He studied theology and was licensed to preach.

## Career

Ordained to the Presbyterian ministry on February 19, 1777, Taggart was installed as pastor of a church in Colrain, Massachusetts. He then journeyed as a missionary through western New York.
Taggart was elected as a Federalist to the Eighth and to the six succeeding Congresses, serving as a United States Representative for the sixth district of the state of Massachusetts (March 4, 1803 – March 3, 1817). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1816, but continued his service as pastor of the Colrain Presbyterian Church until October 28, 1818, when he resigned.

## Death

Taggart died on his farm in Colrain, Massachusetts, on April 25, 1825 (age 71 years, 32 days). He is interred at Chandler Hill Cemetery.

## Family life

Born son of James and Jean Anderson Taggart, he married Elizabeth Duncan in 1777 and they had twelve children: Robert, Samuel D., Daniel, Jean, Elizabeth Betsy, James, George, Mary Polly, Rufus, Esther, Lucy, and Moses. Elizabeth died on March 4, 1815, and he married Mary Ayer on March 25, 1816. They had three children: Catherine, Mary Ann, and William Ayer.
# Alexander McNutt (governor)

Alexander Gallatin McNutt (January 3, 1802 – October 22, 1848) was a Mississippi attorney and politician who served as Governor from 1838 to 1842.

## Early life

Alexander G. McNutt was born into an aristocratic landowning family in Rockbridge County, Virginia on January 3, 1802. He graduated from Washington College (now Washington and Lee University) in 1821, studied law, and moved to Jackson, Mississippi in the early 1820s. He subsequently relocated to Vicksburg, where he practiced in partnership with Joel Cameron. When Cameron was murdered by his slaves in 1833, McNutt subsequently married Cameron's widow, Elizabeth Lewis Cameron. (Before the slaves were executed, a free black man who was also implicated blamed McNutt for the murder, stating that McNutt had instigated it in order to profit by Cameron's death.)

## Political career

A Democrat, in 1829 he served as a Selectman in Vicksburg. In 1835 McNutt was elected to the Mississippi State Senate. In 1837 he was elected President of the Senate.
McNutt ran successfully for governor in 1837 and in 1839, serving two terms from 1838 to 1842. During his term Mississippi founded its state library and procured land for construction of a state university, and construction was completed on the state penitentiary. The northern boundary with the State of Tennessee was resurveyed, but the new boundary did not result in more territory for Mississippi and the new city of Memphis proved to outside the bounds of the survey which had been an aim for some of the advocates of the resurvey.
During his governorship, McNutt opposed central banking, including Mississippi's Planters and Union Banks, in which the state had large ownership stakes, arguing that the stockholders and managers were corrupt. The banks sold bonds in an effort to raise revenue, which the state repudiated under McNutt's influence, leaving the state with a large debt.
After leaving office he resumed practicing law. In 1847 he ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate, losing to Henry S. Foote.
In 1848, McNutt campaigned for the presidential ticket headed by Lewis Cass and was a candidate for presidential elector. While in Desoto County, he became ill and died on October 22, 1848. He was buried in Greenwood Cemetery in Jackson, Section 6, Lot 57.

## Legacy

McNutt's home is a Vicksburg landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The community of McNutt, Mississippi is named in honor of McNutt.

## Gallery

* McNutt's house in Vicksburg
* Burial site in Greenwood Cemetery, Jackson
* Painting of Elizabeth McNutt on display at the Old Warren County Courthouse
# Chandigarh Group of Colleges

The Chandigarh Group of Colleges (or CGC) are the educational institutions located in Mohali district of Punjab, a short distance from Chandigarh and Mohali. Chandigarh Group of Colleges was established in 2001 at Landran and at Jhanjeri in 2012.

## Individual institutions

Even having a title with a similar name, the three groups of colleges i.e. CGC Landran, CGC Jhanjeri, and Chandigarh University, are three different educational institutions, different locations, and also the three have separate identities.

### CGC Landran

In 2002, CGC Landran was created under the affiliation of I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University. Better known as Landran College, CGC Landran offers many technical, pharma, management, arts and science courses. Landran is an interconnected urbanized village linked between Sohana, Kharar and Banur, three prominent towns or villages of Mohali.

#### Campus activities and sports

CGC campus students have the opportunity to be part of different cultural events like fashion shows, Faculty felicitation, the NASA-sponsored CanSat competition, MHRD's Smart India Hackathon events, Start up to Scale Up conferences, NCC best cadet, Faculty Development Programmes apart from annual Techno cultural Fests. CGC students also participate in many sports tournaments and competitions in events such as Volleyball, Wrestling, weightlifting, power lifting, best physique championships

### CGC Jhanjeri

In 2012, CGC Jhanjeri was initiated as technical campus and currently running under separate administration in Jhanjeri. It is a village which connects two important cities i.e. Mohali and Sirhind-Fategarh.

### CGC Gharuan or Chandigarh University

Initiated in 2009, CGC Gharaun later got University status by UGC in 2012 and is known as Chandigarh University.

## Placements

4500 Multinational corporations such as Infosys, Wipro, Microsoft, Google, HCL, Larsen & Toubro Infotech, Tata Motors, Cadence, Dell, Polaris, SAP Labs, Adobe Systems, Citrix Systems, Oracle, Cognizant, Bharti Airtel, Deloitte, IBM, Tech Mahindra visit the Landran and Jhanjeri campuses with more than 490 job offers . Though no. of placements does not ensure that the grabbed placements are high because most of the recruiters are mass recruiters.
The highest placement gone is 1.07 cr. by off campus placement and on campus with 45.9 lakhs in the year 2022 at Amazon.

## Research and development

Chandigarh Group of Colleges is one of the top 10 institutes in India in terms of number of patents filed. CGC has MoU with the National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology for Entrepreneurship, R&D Projects and training. CGC is member of the AI and Deep learning project under Newton Bhabha Fund sanctioned by UK's Royal Academy of Engineering. The school was granted ₹23 lakh (US$28,000) aid by Indian Council of Medical Research for the development of nanotechnology-based lung cancer vaccine.

## Ranking

* Aspiring Minds' National Employability Award 2019
* Times Top 100 Private Engineering Institute rankings 2018- Top 50
* Chronicle 7th All India Engineering Survey - A++
# Young Socialist Movement

The Movement of the Young Socialists (French: Mouvement des Jeunes Socialistes, MJS) or simply Jeunes Socialistes is the youth organisation of the Socialist Party of France.
MJS was founded in 1993 as a formally independent youth organisation. However, its statutes commit the MJS to be generally supportive of its mother party. After a peak of around 10,000 members after the 2006 youth protests in France, MJS had 5,321 members in November 2009.
MJS is member of the Young European Socialists (YES, formerly ECOSY) and International Union of Socialist Youth (IUSY).

## Internal organization

In a biannual general assembly called Congrès National, all members of MJS come together to discuss and decide on general positions as well as concrete projects. There, the members also directly elect the president for a two-year period and appoint the members of the national office.
Of several political currents within the MJS, a coalition of the centrist "Transformer à Gauche" (Transform to the left) and the Marxist "Offensive socialiste" (Socialist Offensive) dominated the 2009 Congress of Grenoble, successfully nominating Laurianne Deniaud for president. A minority movement of "Jeunes Socialistes pour la renovation" (Young socialists for renewal) and "La Relève" (The Uprise) calling for organizational changes including more transparency and grassroots democracy couldn't prevail, neither could the civil libertarian wing.

### National congresses

* 1993: Congress of Avignon
* 1995: Congress of Orléans
* 1998: Congress of Toulon
* 1999: Congress of Tours
* 2001: Congress of Lille
* 2003: Congress of Lamoura
* 2005: Congress of Paris
* 2007: Congress of Bordeaux
* 2009: Congress of Grenoble
* 2011: Congress of Strasbourg
* 2015: Congress of Lille
* 2018: Congress of Bondy

### Presidents

* 1993–1995: Benoît Hamon
* 1995–1997: Régis Juanico
* 1997–1999: Hugues Nancy [fr]
* 1999–2001: Gwenegan Bui [fr]
* 2001–2003: Charlotte Brun
* 2003–2005: David Lebon
* 2005–2007: Razzy Hammadi
* 2007–2009: Antoine Détourné [fr]
* 2009–2011: Laurianne Deniaud [fr]
* 2011–2013: Thierry Marchal-Beck
* 2013–2015: Laura Slimani
* 2015–2018: Benjamin Lucas
* 2018–2018: Roxane Lundy
* 2018–2019: Collective leadership
* 2020–present: Emma Rafowicz
# AEG C.I

The AEG C.I was a two-seat biplane reconnaissance aircraft produced in small numbers from March 1915 by the German company Allgemeine Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG). It was essentially an AEG B.II armed with a single 7.92 mm (.312 in) Parabellum or Bergmann (rarely) machine gun mounted at the rear of the cockpit for the observer and a more powerful engine. The Benz engine increased maximum speed to a more respectable 130 km/h (81 mph). By October 1915, it had begun to be replaced by the AEG C.II.

## Specifications (AEG C.I)

Data from German Aircraft of the First World War
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
Performance
* Endurance: 4hr
* Time to altitude: 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in 4.5mins
Armament
* Guns: 1 × 7.92 mm (.312 in) Parabellum MG14 or Bergmann MG 15nA with 550 rounds
# Australian Photographic Portrait Prize

The Citigroup Private Bank Australian Photographic Portrait Prize was a photographic art prize held at the Art Gallery of New South Wales in conjunction with the Archibald Prize, Wynne Prize and Sulman Prize. The winner received $15,000 to $20,000 and their work was automatically acquired for the Art Gallery's permanent collection. In its inaugural year in 2003 there were 560 entries received and 50 works exhibited. In 2005 entries rose to 657 and there were 49 works exhibited. The prize was discontinued in 2007.

## List of winners

* 2006 - Vanila Netto The magnanimous beige wrap part 1 - (contraption)
* 2005 - Cassandra Mathie Ali and Rahma
* 2004 - Roderick McNicol Robert Hunter 1984 & 2004
* 2003 - Greg Weight Railway Blues: Jim Conway
# PSKD Mandiri

Sekolah Perkumpulan Mandiri is a school located in Menteng, Central Jakarta. It was founded in July 1996 as part of the Association of Djakarta Christian Schools. Sekolah Perkumpulan Mandiri teaches the national curriculum with an international approach. Sekolah Perkumpulan Mandiri is associated with The Leader in Me Program.

## Campus

The campus is located in Jl. DR. GSSJ Ratulangi No.5, Menteng, Central Jakarta.

## Facilities

The school facilities include air-conditioned classrooms with internet access, an Information Technology Room, a kitchen corner, a library with a collection of books and CD ROMs, science laboratories, a music room, and a gymnasium which also serves as the multipurpose hall. The school hospital is quite small, but has a large corridor. The school also has a creative art room which is used during the open house where they sell drawings and paintings of creativity that every children has. students facilities: - teacher's lounge - student's lounge - snack bars - libraries

## Student body

The school has a student body only in Junior High School and High School levels. Student Body's are Sports (includes soccer, badminton, swimming, and basketball), Music, Journalism (includes photography and news coverage), Dance, Going Green, and Community Service. Once a year we have a competition called "the lead project". Students must participate for the internal competition but for the external competition students from other school may join us.

## Uniform

The students of EC, TK and SD wear purple batik shirt and purple shorts, while the SMP and SMA students use green batik shirts and dark blue trousers.

## Types of tests

At the end of a semester (usually November/May), students from grades 2-12 take semester tests. For grades 6, 9 and 12 they have extra tests, such as try out, practical, national and school final exams. Grades 3, 5, 7 and 9 will also take the SUS test, the International Schools Assessments.
# John P. Campbell Jr.

John Pierce Campbell Jr. (December 8, 1820 – October 29, 1888) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky.
Born near Hopkinsville, Kentucky, Campbell pursued an academic course. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1841 and commenced practice in Lexington, Missouri. He served as member of the Missouri House of Representatives 1848–1852. He returned to Hopkinsville, Kentucky, and engaged in agricultural pursuits.
Campbell was elected as a candidate of the American Party to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857). He declined to be a candidate for reelection. He served as president of the Henderson & Nashville Railroad in 1870. Organized the Mastodon Coal & Iron Co., which was succeeded by the St. Bernard Coal Co. Devoted the latter years of his life to his large landed estates. He died in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, October 29, 1888. He was interred in Riverside Cemetery.
# Charles F. Cochran

Charles Fremont Cochran (September 27, 1846 – December 19, 1906) was a U.S. Representative from Missouri.
Born in Kirksville, Missouri, Cochran moved to Atchison, Kansas, in 1860. He attended public and private schools. Apprenticed to the printer's trade. He was editor and publisher of the Atchison Patriot in 1868 and 1869. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1873 and practiced until 1885. He served as prosecuting attorney of Atchison County, Kansas from 1880 to 1884. He returned to Missouri in 1885 and settled in St. Joseph. He engaged in the newspaper business and edited the St. Joseph Gazette in St. Joseph, Missouri. He served in the Missouri Senate from 1890 to 1894.
Cochran was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1905). He was a contestant for renomination in 1904 but finally withdrew as a candidate. Founded the Observer, a weekly newspaper, of which he served as editor until his death in St. Joseph, Missouri, on December 19, 1906. He was interred in Mount Mora Cemetery, St. Joseph, Missouri.