OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bernalda

Bernalda (Metapontino: Vernàlle or Bernàlle) is a town and municipality (Italian: comune) in the province of Matera, in the southern Italian region of Basilicata. The nearby village of Metaponto is the site of the ancient city of Metapontum.
Until the 15th century, it was called Camarda. It is home to a castle built in the 15th century during the Aragonese rule in the Kingdom of Naples.
The patron Saint of Bernalda is Saint Bernardino of Siena. The celebration of Saint Bernardino is on 20 May and on 23 August.

## Main sights
### Religious buildings

* Mother Church, built in the 1530s by Bernardino de Bernaudo. Originally the church was very small with only one nave. During the XVII, the church was built up with a second nave. In the church there were: a cemetery for priests under the choir, and a second cemetery, near the baptismal font, for children who died within the seventh year of life. The church was refurbished in the 1950s, 1960s and 2000s.
* Church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel: this church was subject to at least two or three refurbishments and amplifications, before obtaining the current appearance. In 1678 the church was received an altar with the image of the Our Lady of Mount Carmel painted on the wall. In the second half of the 19th century, it was enlarged to accommodate the statues and a big wooden 17th-century crucifix.
* Convent Church. The Convent of St. Antonio from Padova, with the attached church, was founded in 1616. At the time of the titling of the church, two factions arranged among the observants: a part that wanted to dedicate the church to the Immaculate, the other one to St. Antonio from Padova. The fate chose St. Antonio. The current front of the church was built in the 19th century. After the Italian unification many properties, often of historical importance and owned by the Ecclesiastical Fund, became state assets. So that the monks made over their convent to the Municipal offices. In the right nave is located the 19th-century crucifix.

## Other sights

The castle was probably built by the Normans in the 11th century and restored by the Aragonese during their domination, when it was enlarged, fortified and protected with a moat and a drawbridge. On the west side there is a thin square tower considered more ancient than the other towers of round shape. The façade of the Castle that overlooks the Mother Church is the result of a later restoration.
Palaces include:
* Palazzo Margherita
* Palazzo Dell'Osso
* Palazzo Fischetti
* Palazzo Lacava
* Palazzo Guida
* Palazzo Appio

## Notable family

* Coppola family

## Twin towns – sister cities

Bernalda is twinned with:
* L'Aquila, Italy
* Siena, Italy
* Massa Marittima, Italy
* Mirabella Eclano, Italy
* Venosa, Italy
* Marsicovetere, Italy
# Yogoda Satsanga Palpara Mahavidyalaya

Yogoda Satsanga Palpara Mahavidyalaya is an undergraduate liberal arts college in Palpara, Purba Medinipur district, in West Bengal, India. It is affiliated with the Vidyasagar University. Prior to 1981, it was affiliated with the University of Calcutta.

## Departments
### Science

* Chemistry
* Computer Science
* Physics
* Mathematics
* Botany
* Zoology
* Physiology
* Geography
* Economics

### Arts

* Bengali
* English
* Sanskrit
* History
* Geography
* Political Science
* Philosophy
* Economics

## Accreditation

In 2012, Yogoda Satsanga Palpara Mahavidyalaya was re-accredited and awarded B grade by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). The college is also recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).
# John H. Gray (Illinois politician)

John H. Gray was an American politician who served as a member of the Illinois Senate.
# Priansus

Priansus or Priansos (Ancient Greek: Πρίανσος), also Pransus or Pransos (Πράνσος), was a town and polis (city-state) in ancient Crete.

## History

It is mentioned in a list of Cretan cities cited in a decree of Knossos of about 259–233 BCE, as well as in the list of Cretan cities that signed an alliance with Eumenes II of Pergamon in 183 BCE.
An honorary decree of Priansus dated to 170–140 BCE that includes the dispatch of two ambassadors of Teos in which one of them is specially praised for singing poems from the mythic Cretan cycle.
Priansus minted coins dated from approximately 330–270 BCE bearing the inscription «ΠΡΙΑΝΣΙΕΩΝ» or «ΠΡΙ». Priansos made several treatises with other Cretan poleis, including a treaty of isopoliteia with the polis of Hierapytna (IC III,iii,4).

## Location

The site of Priansus is located near modern Kastellos.
# Languages of Eswatini

Eswatini is home to two official languages. The native language is Siswati. Recent immigrant languages include Chichewa, Tsonga, Zulu.

## National and official languages

Siswati, a Southern Bantu language, is the native language of Eswatini, and is spoken by approximately 95 percent of Swazis. Siswati and English are the country's two official languages, and proceedings of the Parliament of Eswatini take place in both languages.
Swazi language education is present in all national schools, and literacy in Swati — defined as the ability to read and write the language — is very high in Eswatini. Siswati is also used in mass media.

## Minority and immigrant languages

A minority of Swazi people, estimated to number 76,000 as of 1993, speak Zulu, one of the eleven official languages of South Africa. Tsonga, a Tswa–Ronga language and also an official language of South Africa, is spoken by 19,000 Swazis (as of 1993).
Chewa, an official language of Malawi, and Sotho (Sesotho or Southern Sotho), spoken mainly in Lesotho and the South African province of Free State, are immigrant languages with 5,700 and 4,700 speakers respectively. Shimaore is also an immigrant language and is spoken by 600 inhabitants.
# Monique Jacot

Monique Jacot (1934 – 6 August 2024) was a Swiss photographer and photojournalist. Her work is included in the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts Houston.

## Early life and education

Jacot studied at the école des Arts et Métiers de Vevey from 1953 to 1956. Gertrude Fehr was one of her professors.

## Career

Jacot was among the first women photojournalists. She travelled to Yemen frequently in the 1980s, and provided reporting for numerous noted magazines and newspapers, including Camera, Elle, L'Illustré, Schweizer Illustrierte, Du, Réalités, and Vogue Paris. Àlso in the 1980s, Jacot published several works on the conditions faced by women: Femmes de la terre in 1989, on the subject of Swiss women working in agriculture, Printemps de femmes in 1994 and Cadences : l'usine au féminin in 1999. During her career she was a staff photographer for the World Health Organization.
Jacot died on 6 August 2024, at the age of 89.

## Publications

* Femmes de la terre (1989)
* Printemps de femmes (1994)
* Cadences : l'usine au féminin (1999)

## Awards

* 1974: Federal prize for Applied Arts
* 2005: Grand prize in photography from the Fondation vaudoise pour la culture
* 2020: Grand Prize in Design, on the recommendation of the Swiss Design Commission

## Collections

Jacot's work is included in the following permanent collection:
* Museum of Fine Arts Houston: 6 prints (as of 20 October 2024)
# Ferroviário Atlético Clube (RO)

Ferroviario Atlético Clube, commonly known as Ferroviário, was a Brazilian football club based in Porto Velho, Rondônia state. They were the most successful team in the Campeonato Rondoniense. They were dissolved in 1991, after losing the Campeonato Rondoniense of that year to Ji Paraná

## History

The club was founded on July 10, 1943, by employees of Madeira-Mamoré Railroad. Ferroviário won the Campeonato Rondoniense in 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1955, 1957, 1958, 1963, 1970, 1978, 1979, 1986, 1987, and in 1989.
The club dissolved in 1991.

## Honours
### Regional

* Torneio de Integração da Amazônia
** Winners (1): 1980

### State

* Campeonato Rondoniense
** Winners (17): 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1955, 1957, 1958, 1963, 1970, 1978, 1979, 1986, 1987, 1989
** Runners-up (2): 1982, 1991

## Stadium

Ferroviário Atlético Clube played their home games at Estádio Aluízio Ferreira. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 7,000 people.
# Territory = Universe

Territory=Universe is the second album by Acumen Nation. It was originally released on Fifth Colvmn Records in 1996. A version with additional tracks was released on Conscience Records on May 5, 1998.

## Track listing
### Fifth Colvmn Records version

* "Stone Farm" – 6:01
* "DJentrify" – 4:09
* "Candy Prowled" – 4:58
* "You Deal with This" – 6:16
* "Queener" – 4:26
* "Nothing Changes" – 4:35
* "Mister Sandman I Am" – 3:44
* "Crazy Stalked Eyes" – 8:15
* "Fuckface" – 5:46
* "Mike (Thyroid Mix)" – 4:36

### Conscience Records version

* "Stone Farm" – 6:01
* "DJentrify" – 4:09
* "Candy Prowled" – 4:58
* "You Deal with This" – 6:14
* "Queener" – 4:24
* "Nothing Changes" – 4:35
* "Mister Sandman I Am" – 3:44
* "Crazy Stalked Eyes" – 8:15
* "Fuckface" – 5:38
* "Mike (Thyroid Mix)" – 4:36
* "Mike (Remix)" – 4:55
* "Queener (Remix)" – 6:25

## Personnel

* Jason Novak – programming, guitar, vocals
* Jamie Duffy – guitar, engineering
* Gregory Lopez – drums, bass, moog
* Ethan Novak – guitar, drums, bass guitar, washboard
# Hexura

Hexura is a genus of American folding trapdoor spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1884. As of September 2019 it contains two species, found in the United States: H. picea and H. rothi. Originally placed with Mecicobothriidae, it was moved to Antrodiaetidae in 2019.
# Coat of arms of the Cape Colony

The coat of arms of the Cape Colony was the official heraldic symbol of the Cape Colony as a British colony from 1875 to 1910, and as a province of South Africa from 1910 to 1994.

## History

The adoption of the arms was a belated response to a British government request, in 1869, for a design for a flag badge to identify the colony. The laying of the foundation stone of the new parliament building in May 1875 was considered as a good opportunity to introduce it. A Cape Town attorney with a keen interest in heraldry, Charles Aken Fairbridge (1824-1893), was accordingly asked to design arms for the Colony.
The foundation stone of the colonial parliament was laid on 12 May 1875. According to the Cape Argus newspaper, "among the conspicuous features of the spectacle was the new colonial flag, hoisted aloft above the cornerstone, with the heraldic shielding, surroundings and mottoes blazoned on the Union Flag and the Royal Standard floating in the breeze from the loftiest flagstaff in the centre".
Queen Victoria formally granted the arms by Royal Warrant a year later, on 29 May 1876.
After the Cape became a province of the Union of South Africa in 1910, the provincial administration took over the arms. They were used as provincial arms until the Cape was divided into three smaller provinces in 1994.

## Blazon

The original blazon was:
   * Gules, a lion rampant between three annulets Or; on a chief Argent as many hurts each charged with a fleur de lis of the second Or.
   * Crest: The figure of Hope proper vested Azure, resting the dexter arm on a rock and supporting with the sinister hand an anchor Sable entwined with a cable also proper.
   * Supporters: Dexter a gnu and sinister an oryx both proper.
   * Motto: SPES BONA.
The symbolism of the arms is straightforward. The lion is a South African animal, and also appears in the arms of the two colonial powers which ruled at the Cape, Netherlands and Great Britain. The rings were taken from the arms of the founder of the colony, Jan van Riebeeck. The fleur-de-lis represent the contribution of the Huguenots to the early history of the country. The crest is the Lady of Good Hope, grasping an anchor, first introduced as a symbol of the colony in 1715. The supporters, a gnu (wildebeest) and an oryx (gemsbok), are two typical South African animals. The motto, "Spes Bona" simply means "Good Hope".
New artwork was introduced in 1952. Hope's dress was changed to white, and she was given a blue mantle. The arms were recorded in this format the College of Arms in July 1955 and registered at the Bureau of Heraldry in 1967.
# Grégoire Courtine

Grégoire Courtine (born (1975-01-09)9 January 1975) is a French neuroscientist and a professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), where he is the co-director of the Defitech center for interventional neurotherapies (NeuroRestore). His research focuses on the field of neurotechnology, with the aim to restore locomotor functions in patients with central nervous system disorders such as spinal cord injuries.

## Career

After being trained in physics and mathematics, Courtine obtained a PhD in experimental medicine jointly from the University of Pavia and the INSERM at the University of Burgundy in 2003. He then performed post-doctoral work in the laboratory of Reggie Edgerton at UCLA from 2004 to 2007, where he studied the neural basis of spontaneous recovery after spinal cord injuries, and developed novel strategies to restore functional neural networks after spinal cord resection in rats. In 2008, he was appointed associate professor at the University of Zurich, where he established his own group with the aim to restore voluntary control of locomotion in paraplegic rats. He moved to EPFL in 2012 as an associate professor, and was promoted to full professor in 2019.
In 2014, Courtine co-founded the biotechnology venture ONWARD Medical with the aim to develop novel neurostimulation therapies; he currently serves as the company's Chief Science Officer.
Since 2019 Courtine, together with Jocelyne Bloch, leads the .NeuroRestore Laboratory, jointly initiated by the Defitech Foundation, the Lausanne University Hospital, the University of Lausanne and the EPFL.

## Research

Courtine heads the G-LAB within the Brain Mind Institute and the Center for Neuroprosthetics at EPFL. Research in the G-LAB aims at restoring motor functions after central nervous system disorders such as spinal cord injuries.
Using targeted spinal cord stimulation neurotechnologies, Courtine and colleagues significantly contributed to the field of neurorehabilitation by publishing a number of studies successively reporting the restoration of voluntary locomotion in rats with partial and complete spinal cord injuries, in primates and in paralyzed human patients, and restoration of blood pressure stability in human patients with spinal cord injuries through the use of biomimetic epidural electrical stimulation (neurostimulation of the spinal cord mimicking the natural activation of the autonomic or somatic nervous system).

## Distinctions

Courtine has received several international research and innovation prizes such as the Chancellor's Award for postdoctoral research (2008), the International Foundation for Research in Paraplegia Schellenberg Research prize (2010), the Debiopharm Group Life Science Award (2013), the Rolex Award (2019), and the Leenards Foundation Science Prize (2021).
He was also awarded a starting grant (2010), a consolidator grant (2015) and two proof-of-concept grants (2013 and 2019) from the European Research Council. In 2020, he was awarded the IET A F Harvey Prize. His name was included in Time 2024 list of influential people in health.
# Secularism in Kosovo

Secularism in Kosovo has a complex history and is influenced by political and social developments in the country. Since the declaration of independence in 2008, Kosovo has followed a clear course towards the separation of religion from the state, promoting freedom of belief and human rights.
The Constitution provides that secularism is a key element in building a democratic and just society, ensuring that all religious communities and individuals have the right to freely exercise their faith, while the state remains neutral and separate from religious matters.

## History
### Yugoslav period

During the period of Yugoslavia, especially under the Constitution of 1974, Kosovo had an autonomous status within the Socialist Republic of Serbia. Yugoslavia's constitution provided for the separation of religion and state and guaranteed religious freedom. The state remained largely secular. Religion had a limited role in public life, and religious institutions were separated from state affairs.

### After the Kosovo War and Independence

After its war in 1999 and NATO intervention, Kosovo went into a period of international administration under UNMIK. During this time, the foundations were laid for building democratic institutions and respecting human rights, including religious freedom.
Upon declaring independence in 2008, Kosovo adopted a constitution that reflected these principles. The Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo guarantees the separation of religion from the state and promotes a secular state where all religions are treated equally.

### Legal framework
#### Constitution of Kosovo

Article 8 of the Constitution of Kosovo defines the state as secular and guarantees the separation of religion from the state. Article 38 guarantees freedom of belief, conscience and religion, giving citizens the right to practice their faith freely and without interference.

#### Additional Legislation

Laws in Kosovo support these constitutional principles by ensuring that every individual has the right to religious freedom and not to be discriminated against on the basis of religious belief. Religious communities have the right to register and operate in accordance with the laws of the country, managing their assets and institutions.

#### Secularism in Practice

In practice, Kosovo has a religiously diverse population where the majority are Muslim, but there are also Christian and other religious communities. Secularism in Kosovo means that the government does not interfere in religious matters and maintains a neutral approach to all faiths. This is evident in public education, where religious instruction is not part of state school curricula, and in the way holidays and religious symbolism are treated in state institutions.

## Challenges and controversies

However, the clear separation of religion and state has also encountered challenges and contestations, especially in contexts where religious beliefs clash with secular practices and laws. Some such cases include issues of women's rights, the rights of the LGBTQ+ community and the use of headscarves in public places.
# Dominique Barberat

Dominique Barberat (born 8 October 1958) is a French former professional footballer. Throughout his career, he played in various positions; he was a forward, winger, defensive midfielder, and full-back.

## Club career

Barberat began his career at SSV Châtenay-Malabry. He joined Paris Saint-Germain (PSG) in 1975, initially to play for the reserve side of the club. He would eventually make four Division 1 appearances for the club in the second half of the 1975–76 season, notably scoring one goal against Lyon on 11 May 1976. However, due to conflicts with the PSG manager Velibor Vasović, he returned to the reserves, where he would eventually become top scorer in the 1976–77 season. In 1977, Barberat had to undergo a knee operation. Later that year, he joined newly-promoted Division 1 club Rouen after having put in a transfer request.
In 1979, after two seasons at Rouen, the first of which resulted in relegation to the Division 2, Barberat joined Division 3 side Châtellerault. After merely a season there, he joined Quimper, who were playing in the Division 2. In 1983, he joined Alès. His former club PSG notably tried to bring him back to the club during his spell at the club; however, the transfer fell through. Barberat would continue his career at Cannes in 1986, where he would notably score the decisive goal for promotion to the Division 1 in a 2–0 win over Sochaux on 13 June 1987. He joined Istres in 1989, his final club before retiring in 1991.

## International career

Barberat was a youth international for France. Due to a knee operation in 1977, he was unable to play at the FIFA World Youth Championship in Tunisia.

## Player profile

Across his career, Barberat played in several different positions. Although Pierre Alonzo, former head of the youth academy at PSG, placed him in defense, he began his career as a forward. He had a play style similar to the one of Gerd Müller, according to himself, before being converted to a winger. He initially played on the right, and then on the left afterwards, as he was a good player with both feet. Later, he was converted to a defensive midfielder, where he was able to "start a new career", notably at Alès. Barberat had a "good technical base", according to himself. He also played as a full-back during his career.

## After football

After retiring from football, Barberat became a real estate agent. He worked in this job from 1991 to 1998. In 1998, he became a football agent, managing the Grasse-based company SARL B.D. Sports & Consulting. The company is based in France but also operates in England and Italy.
# Henry W. Washburn

Henry Wearin Washburn (18 June 1899 – 8 August 1983) was an American politician.
Henry Wearin Washburn was born on 18 June 1899 to Albert Benjamin Washburn and his wife Mary Valeria Wearrin. The family resided on a farm near Hastings, Iowa. Washburn had four siblings, all of whom died young. Until the eighth grade, Washburn attended country school, then was educated at Tabor Academy and Tabor College, both in Tabor, Iowa. He began farming with his father, and later ran his own. Washburn married Tabor native Alice Theodore Wilkins, with whom he had a daughter and a son. Albert Theodore served in the United States Navy during World War II and returned to the family farm after leaving military service. Mary Alice became a nurse and married Dale E. Matthews.
Henry Washburn, a Republican, served on the rural school board and the county school board before winning election to the Iowa House of Representatives in 1948, from District 11. He was reelected to the state house in 1950, then served a single term on the Iowa Senate between 1953 and 1957 for District 8. Washburn died on 8 August 1983.