OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mohammad al Jililati

Mohammad al Jillati (born 1945) is a Syrian economist and financial expert, who served as the minister of finance from April 2011 to 9 February 2013.

## Early life and education

Jillati was born in Damascus in 1945. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics from the Damascus University in 1967, and a PhD in economics and finance from the former Soviet Union in 1975.

## Career

Jillati was a professor at the faculty of economics of Damascus University beginning in 1975 and chairman of the accounting department where for ten years, he participated in several committees of government economic reform plans in the public sector, in addition to the supervision of many doctoral dissertations.
He served as chairman of the society of chartered accountants in Syria for four years and vice chairman of the board of commissioners of the securities commission and the Syrian financial markets from 2005 to 2009. He was acting executive director of the Damascus Securities Exchange from the establishment of the market in February 2009 to 2011.
In April 2011, he was appointed minister of finance in the cabinet of Adel Safar. His term ended on 9 February 2013.

## Personal life

Al-Jillati is married and has 5 children.
# Pervane Medrese

Pervane Medrese (Turkish: Pervane Medresesi) is a historic madrasa, an Islamic school, in Sinop, Turkey.
It is situated in the center of the Sinop Peninsula. Another historical building, the Alaaddin Mosque is to the south of the madrasa, across the road between the two.

## Background

Mu'in al-Din Sulaiman Parwana, better known as Pervâne, was a vizier during the dissolution period of the Anatolian Seljuks in the second half of the 13th century. In 1262, he recaptured Sinop from the Trebizond Empire. The sultan granted Sinop to Pervane as an iqta, a fief. Although a vassal of the Seljuks, Pervane became de facto ruler of Sinop. He built the madrasa in 1265. After Perwana, the madrasa was used during the Candar beylik and Ottoman Empire. After the proclamation of the Turkish Republic, madrasas were replaced by modern schools, and the Pervane Medrese was closed. From 1932 on, the madrasa building was used as a depot for archaeological artifacts and ethnographical items collected since 1921. It was established as a museum in 1941, which lasted until 1970 when the museum was moved to its new building. In 2002, the building was handed over to Sinop governorship. It is now used as a souvenir shop bazaar.

## Architecture

The building with the dimensions 38 m × 28 m (125 ft × 92 ft) lies in the north to south direction. A marble portal is the main entrance in the south. There are two rooms on each side of the portal. Five student cells each are situated on both side of the building. In the courtyard, there is a fountain. The tombs of an admiral (Gazi Chelebi) and his daughter are also at the madrasa.
# Wat Chedi Liam

Wat Chedi Liam (Thai: วัดเจดีย์เหลี่ยม; "Temple of the Squared Pagoda"), formerly known as Wat Ku Kham (Thai: วัดกู่คำ; "Temple of the Golden Stupa"), is one of the wats in the ancient Thai city of Wiang Kum Kam, now part of present-day Chiang Mai.

## History

The temple was built c. 1287 and remained in use during the early Lan Na period after the new city of Chiang Mai had been established by King Mangrai the Great.

### Renovation

The current buildings are from a renovation in 1908 CE by a Burmese trader. Because of this many of the decorations of the wat are Burmese in style. For example, all but one of the Buddha images on the chedi are wearing the yellow Burmese colourings rather than the white Thai colours.
The chedi was also renovated in 1992 CE when a number of other improvements were made to the site. Not all of these improvements were popular, nor were some needed repairs carried out. Despite its great age the wat is used in much the same way as later wats (for example, there is a weekend market there).

## Architecture

The Chedi (Cetiya) is a five-tiered design common in the early Lanna period and shows clear influence of the Mon Haripunchai design. Each corner of the chedi is guarded by a large, outward facing lion, and there are Buddha statues showing different mudras on four of the tiers of the Chedi. The main hall decorations are in very good condition both inside and out.
# George Carmont

George Carmont (born 30 June 1978), also known by the nickname of "Chicken George" or "Gorgeous George", is a former Samoa international rugby league footballer who played as a centre for the Newcastle Knights in the National Rugby League (NRL) and the Wigan Warriors in the Super League.

## Early life

Carmont was born in Auckland, New Zealand. He was educated at De La Salle College, Mangere East.

## Club career
### Youth career

Carmont's junior club was the Otahuhu Leopards in the Auckland Rugby League competition.

### Newcastle Knights

Carmont made his professional rugby league début for the Newcastle Knights, against the Melbourne Storm on 11 March 2004. He appeared in 83 games and scored 33 tries along with becoming a popular player with the fans.

### Wigan Warriors

On 27 November 2007, it was announced that Carmont had signed a two-year deal with Super League club Wigan. Carmont was named in the Super League Dream Team for 2008's Super League XIII.
He played in the 2010 Super League Grand Final victory over St. Helens at Old Trafford.
Carmont played for the Wigan Warriors in the 2011 World Club Challenge against 2010 NRL premiers, the St. George Illawarra Dragons, and scored two tries, but it was not enough to gain his side the victory.
2011's Super League XVI for Wigan Warriors started with a Magic Weekend match against St Helens, in which Carmont scored one try. He followed this up with another try against the Bradford Bulls in Round 2 late in the match. His next score was made in a loss against the Catalans Dragons in Round 8, before touching down a week later against the Hull Kingston Rovers in Round 9.
Carmont played as a centre in the 2011 Challenge Cup Final 28–18 victory over the Leeds Rhinos at Wembley Stadium.

## International career

Carmont was selected in the Samoa squad for the 2008 Rugby League World Cup. He appeared in three matches for Samoa and scored two tries. He is eligible for the United States national rugby league team through his American Samoan descent.
Carmont was selected for the Exiles squad for the Rugby League International Origin Match against England at Headingley on 10 June 2011.
On 3 November 2011 The annual RLIF Awards dinner was held at the Tower of London, and Carmont was named Samoa player of the year.

## Later years

Carmont trained briefly with the New Zealand Warriors in 2013, but ultimately did not join the team and retired.
In 2015 Carmont joined the New Zealand Warriors as an assistant coach for the NSW Cup side. He played one game for the team during the season, scoring a try in the match. He again made a one-match comeback in 2016.
George has now made a name for himself as a frequent visitor at Las Vegas 7s

## Honours
### Wigan Warriors

* Super League
** Winners (1): 2010
* League Leaders' Shield
** Winners (2): 2010, 2012
** Runner-up (1): 2011
* Challenge Cup
** Winners (1): 2011
* World Club Challenge
** Runner-up (1): 2011

### Individual

* Super League Dream Team
** Winners (3): 2008, 2011, 2012
* Wigan Warriors Player of the Year
** Winners (1): 2012
# Sertânia

Sertânia is a city in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The population in 2020, according to the IBGE, was 36,050. Its total area is 2421.51 km$^2$.

## Geography

* State - Pernambuco
* Region - Sertão Pernambucano
* Boundaries - Iguaraci and Paraíba state (N); Arcoverde, Buíque, Ibimirim and Tupanatinga (S); Custódia (W); Paraíba (E)
* Area - 2421.51 km²
* Elevation - 558 m
* Hydrography - Moxotó River
* Vegetation - Caatinga Hiperxerófila
* Climate - semi-arid, hot and dry
* Annual average temperature - 23.7 c
* Distance to Recife - 309 km

## Economy

The main economic activities in Sertânia are based in industry, commerce and agribusiness, especially the raising of cattle, sheep (over 85,000), pigs, goats (over 120,000), horses, and donkeys; and plantations of corn, tomatoes and beans.

### Economic indicators

| Population | GDP x(1000 R$). | GDP pc (R$) | PE |
| 35.914 | 114.212 | 3.352 | 0.19% |
Economy by sector 2006
| Primary sector | Secondary sector | Service sector |
| 13.63% | 10.81% | 75.56% |

### Health indicators

| HDI (2000) | Hospitals (2007) | Hospitals beds (2007) | Children's mortality every 1000 (2005) |
| 0.648 | 2 | 109 | 31.6 |
# Zlín 22

The Zlin 22 Junak was a 1940s two-seat cabin monoplane, developed from the Zlin 381 (a licence-built Bücker Bü 181).

## Development

Although based on the Zlin 381, the Junak had side-by-side seating for two. It was a low-wing cantilever monoplane with a conventional tailwheel landing gear. It was powered by a nose-mounted 75 hp (56 kW) Praga D engine, although the prototype had a 57 hp (43 kW) Persy III engine. A three-seat variant, the Zlin 22M, was developed and two prototypes of a three/four-seat tourer variant, the Zlin 122, were built.

## Variants
### Zlin Z 22

    Prototype with a 57 hp (43 kW) Persy III engine.

### Zlin Z 22D

    Production two-seat variant with a 75 hp (56 kW) Praga D engine.

### Zlin Z 22M

    Three-seat variant with a 105 hp (78 kW)) Walter Minor 4-III engine.

### Zlin Z 122

    Three/four seat development with a 105hp (78kW) Zlin Toma 4 engine, two prototypes only.

## Operators

The 50 pcs Zlín Z-22 was exported into Romania and other 25 pcs to other WE states.

### Czechoslovakia

* Czechoslovakian Air Force

## Specifications (22D)

Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1953–54
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Capacity: 1 passenger
* Length: 7.25 m (23 ft 9 in)
* Wingspan: 10.60 m (34 ft 9 in)
* Height: 1.96 m (6 ft 5 in)
* Wing area: 14.65 m$^2$ (157.7 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 370 kg (816 lb)
* Gross weight: 650 kg (1,433 lb)
* Fuel capacity: 72 L (19 US gal; 16 imp gal) normal, provision for additional 65 L (17 US gal; 14 imp gal) tank
* Powerplant: 1 × Praga D air-cooled flat-four engine, 56 kW (75 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 180 km/h (110 mph, 97 kn)
* Cruise speed: 160 km/h (99 mph, 86 kn)
* Range: 1,200 km (750 mi, 650 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 3,800 m (12,500 ft)
* Rate of climb: 2.3 m/s (460 ft/min)
# Jerry Franck

Jerry Franck is a Luxembourgish/American filmmaker best known for producing the documentary Chau, Beyond the Lines for which he received an Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject) nomination at the 88th Academy Awards, with Courtney Marsh. Franck also produced ZARI (2014), The Tulip Chair (2015), Where Did The Adults Go? (2025), and is the director of the documentary feature film Bottle Conditioned (2023).
# House of Nobility

House of Nobility can refer to the following historical Nordic noble estate's assemblies:
* Swedish House of Nobility
* Finnish House of Nobility
* Estonian Knighthood House
* House of the Livonian Noble Corporation
# Julián de Zulueta, 1st Marquis of Álava

Julián de Zulueta y Amondo, 1st Marquis of Álava and 1st Viscount of Casablanca (Spanish: Julián de Zulueta y Amondo, primer Marqués de Álava y Vizconde de Casablanca) (8 January 1814 – 4 May 1878) was a Spanish Politician of Basque descent.

## Early life

Zulueta was born in Anúcita, Álava on 8 January 1814. He was the son of Domingo Timoteo de Zulueta y de Salcedo, de Lezameta y Ugarte and, his wife, Manuela Estefania de Amondo y Barañano, and a first cousin of Andrés de Isasi de Zulueta, 1st Marquis of Barambio.

## Career

He was a slave trader and proprietor in Cuba, Regidor and Mayor (Alcalde) of Havana, Senator for life of the Kingdom of Spain, etc., and was created Grand Cross of the Order of Isabel the Catholic and the Order of Charles III and also received the titles of 1st Marquess of Álava and the previous title of 1st Viscount of Casa Blanca. Among his many commercial and industrial activities was a very extensive part in the trans-Atlantic slave trade.

## Personal life

On 1 October 1842, Zulueta married Francisca de los Dolores Samá y de la Mota (1825–1857). Francisca, who was born in Trujillo, Badajoz, was a daughter of Lt. Jaime Samá y Martí of the Infantry of the Spanish Army, who was of Catalan descent, and, his wife, Josefa de la Mota y García, of Castilian descent. Before her death in 1857 in Havana, they were the parents of:
* Salvador de Zulueta y Samá, 2nd Marquess of Álava, 2nd Viscount of Casa Blanca (1851–1913), who married María de las Angustias Martos y Arizcún, daughter of the 6th Marquesses of Iturbieta.
* Ernesto de Zulueta y Samá (1855–1919), a Spanish Politician who married his second cousin María de Isasi y Murgoitio, a daughter of Andrés de Isasi, 1st Marquis of Barambio, in 1881.
The Marquis of Álava died in Havana in 1878.
# Lubiszewo Drugie

Lubiszewo Drugie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Staw, within Malbork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north of Nowy Staw, 14 km (9 mi) north of Malbork, and 35 km (22 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Syntomodrillia carolinae

Syntomodrillia carolinae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 6 mm and 10 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Caribbean Sea, of the Antilles (Guadeloupe) and Southern Brazil at depths between 219 m and 293 m.
# Kennett B. Dawson

Kennett Berkeley Dawson (August 30, 1896 – February 16, 1961) served in the California State Assembly representing the 22nd district from 1935 to 1939. during World War I he served in the United States Army.
# Kristian Skogsrud

Kristian Skogsrud (born 2 February 1985) is a Norwegian footballer who played as a midfielder for Ham-Kam in Tippeligaen.
He was born in Tangen in Stange and made his senior debut for Ham-Kam in the 1. divisjon match against Hønefoss on 27 October 2002. He joined the first team squad in 2003 and played two Norwegian Cup games and one league game that season, before he was loaned out to Oslo Øst. He then spent time on loan at Eidsvold Turn in 2004 and 2005. He returned to Ham-Kam in 2006, and played his only two Tippeligaen games. Ahead of the 2007 season he joined Eidsvold TF on a permanent basis, together with Pål Ekeberg Schjerve in a swap with Frode Bjørnevik. Ahead of the 2009 season he joined Ottestad IL.
When Vegar Bjerke got injured in 2010, Ham-Kam's head coach Vegard Skogheim approached Ottestad to loan Skogsrud, but Skogsrud stated that he had lost his motivation to play football at a professional level.
# Claire Cross

M. Claire Cross FSA FRHistS is a British historian and professor emeritus in history at the University of York. She was president of the Ecclesiastical History Society from 1989 to 1990.

## Education

Cross studied at the University of Cambridge before becoming county archivist for Cambridgeshire. Cross also studied at the Huntingdon Library in California, then held a research fellowship at the University of Reading before becoming lecturer at the University of York (1965-2000).

## Career

In 1958, Cross was appointed the County Archivist for Cambridgeshire.
Cross was a visiting fellow at Girton College, Cambridge from 1990 to 1991. She was president of the Ecclesiastical History Society from 1989 to 1990 and the Society presented her with a festschrift, Life and Thought in the Northern Church, c.1100-1700 in 1999 and made her an honorary fellow in 2000. Cross was chair and later vice-president of the British Association for Local History.

## Awards and recognition

Cross was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, Royal Historical Society, Historical Association, and was awarded an honorary D.Litt. by the University of Lincoln.

## Publications

* Church and people, 1450-1660 : the triumph of the laity in the English church (Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press, 1976; second edition 1999)
* The royal supremacy in the Elizabethan Church (London, Allen & Unwin; New York, Barnes & Noble, 1969)
* (and D. M. Loades, J. J. Scarisbrick), Law and government under the Tudors: essays presented to Sir Geoffrey Elton, Regius Professor of Modern History in the University of Cambridge, on the occasion of his retirement (Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988)
* The puritan Earl: the life of Henry Hastings, third Earl of Huntingdon, 1536-1595 (London, Melbourne Macmillan; New York, St. Martin's P., 1966)
* Urban magistrates and ministers: religion in Hull and Leeds from the Reformation to the Civil War (Borthwick Papers No. 67, York: University of York, 1985).
* The Free Grammar School of Leicester (Leicester University Press, 1953)
* The Letters of Sir Francis Hastings, 1574-1609, Somerset Record Society (1969)
* York Clergy Wills 1520-1600: 1 The Minster Clergy, Borthwick Texts and Calendars: Records of the Northern Province, 10 (York, 1984).
* York Clergy Wills 1520-1600: 2. The City Clergy, Borthwick Texts and Calendars: Records of the Northern Province 15 (York, 1989).
# Bromine water

Bromine water is an oxidizing, intense brown mixture containing diatomic bromine (Br$_2$) dissolved in water (H$_2$O). It is often used as a reactive in chemical assays of recognition for substances which react with bromine in an aqueous environment with the halogenation mechanism, mainly unsaturated carbon compounds (carbon compounds with 1 or more double or triple bond(s)). The most common compounds that react well with bromine water are phenols, alkenes, enols, the acetyl group, aniline, and glucose. In addition, bromine water is commonly used to test for the presence of an alkene which contains a double covalent bond, reacting with the bromine water, changing its color from an intense yellow to a colorless solution. Bromine water is also commonly used to check for the presence of an aldehyde group in compounds. In this reaction, the color of bromine water is changed to yellow from colorless (oxidation process).
# Vikadakumaran

Vikadakumaran is a 2018 Indian Malayalam-language comedy film directed by Boban Samuel and written by Y. V. Rajesh. The film stars Vishnu Unnikrishnan and Manasa Radhakrishnan. It was produced by Arun Ghosh and Bijoy Chandran under the banner of Chand V Creations.

## Cast

* Vishnu Unnikrishnan as Advocate Binu Sebastian Choorezhan
* Manasa Radhakrishnan as Sindhu, Binu's love interest
* Dharmajan Bolgatty as Manikandan, Binu's assistant
* Rafi as Magistrate Solomon Mathew Puthanpallil
* Baiju Santhosh as Advocate Sundareshan Nadar (KD)
* Sunil Sukhada as Pappan
* Jinu Joseph as Roshi Balachandran
* Mahesh as Renjith
* Jayan Cherthala as Advocate Harihara Iyer (Swami)
* Aruldoss as DSP Paul Raj IPS, Tamil Nadu Police
* Arun Ghosh as C.I Anirudhan
* Indrans as Sukumaran Pillai, Home guard
* Sreeya Remesh as Leela
* Rosin Jolly as Aishwarya Nair, film actress
* Megha Mathew as Adv.Mini
* Nizhalgal Ravi as Tamil Nadu Police Superintendent
* Babu Annur as Anthony
* Devika Nambiar as Sister of Binu
* Abhilash Kottarakkara as gunda

## Release

Vikadakumaran was released on 29 March 2018 in India.
# Jean Rey (physician)

Jean Rey (French pronunciation:; c. 1583 – c. 1645) or (in English) John Rey was a French physician and chemist.
Born in Le Bugue, in the Périgord (Dordogne département), he studied medicine at the University of Montpellier. He practised medicine in his native town and corresponded with René Descartes and Marin Mersenne.
He discovered that the weight of lead and tin increases when they are calcinated, and attributed this phenomenon to the weight of air, which he believed to become denser when heated (Essays, 1630). He explained the greater weight of calcinated lead and tin by supposing that calcination involves the incorporation of air in the metal. This hypothesis would later be confirmed by Antoine Lavoisier, over a century later in 1789.
His discovery of the weight of air also made possible the invention of the barometer by Evangelista Torricelli in 1643. He also developed a device called a "Thermoscope", a precursor of the thermometer.
Jean Rey died in Le Bugue, where he had lived all his life. The exact date of his death is disputed.
# Trump: The Criminal Conspiracy Case

Trump: The Criminal Conspiracy Case is a 2024 British documentary film about the Georgia election racketeering prosecution.

## Reception

The film was widely reviewed in the British press.
# Expansion, Power, Release

Expansion, Power, Release is an album by American jazz pianist Matthew Shipp which was recorded in 1999 and released on the Swiss hatOLOGY label. It was the second album by his String Trio with violinist Mat Maneri and bassist William Parker, the first was By the Law of Music.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The New Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
The Penguin Guide to Jazz states "The trio record functions somewhat in the manner of a classical ensemble, with some Vienesse references slipping into the design, but the pianist is at his freshest and most beguiling on what is a compact, smartly delivered set of mostly short pieces."

## Track listing

    All compositions by Matthew Shipp
* "Organs" – 2:22
* "Expansion" – 2:57
* "Waltz" – 3:58
* "Combinational Entity" – 2:31
* "Speech of Form" – 5:01
* "Environment" – 3:00
* "Weave Now a Web Rooted" – 5:38
* "Connection" – 2:27
* "Pulse Form" – 3:10
* "Power" – 8:23
* "Functional Form" – 2:58
* "Reflex" – 2:21
* "Release" – 8:07
* "One More" – 3:11

## Personnel

* Matthew Shipp – piano
* Mat Maneri – violin
* William Parker – bass
# Idar State

Idar State, also known as Edar, was a princely state located in present-day Gujarat state of India. During the British era, it was a part of the Mahi Kantha Agency, within the Gujarat Division of Bombay Presidency.
New king shrinivash Vanzara | kingofshrinivash

## History
### Rao Dynasty rule

Idar State was a princely state that was founded in 1257 by Rao Sonag. Its rulers of all time were Rathore Rajputs. On the question of the succession of the state of Idar, the Sultan of Gujarat, Muzaffar Shah, and Rana Sanga of Mewar supported rival claimants. In 1520, Sanga established Raimal on the Idar throne, with Muzaffar Shah sending an army to install his ally Bharmal. Sanga himself arrived in Idar and the Sultan's army was beaten back. Rana pursued the Gujarati army and plundered the towns of Ahmadnagar and Visnagar of Gujarat, chasing the Sultan's army as far as Ahmedabad. the Rathore's ruled Idar for 12 generations until they were defeated by the Mughals under Murad Baksh in 1656. Idar then became a part of the Mughal Province of Gujarat.

### Marwar Dynasty takeover

In 1729, Anand Singh and Rai Singh, brothers of the Maharaja of Jodhpur, captured Idar by force. They captured the districts of Idar, Ahmednagar, Morasa, Baad, Harsol, Parantij and Vizapur. Five other districts were made tributaries of their new state. The state was soon annexed by the Marathas under Damaji Gaekwad in 1753 and Anand Singh was killed in battle. When Rai Singh got to know about his brother's death he gathered a force and once again captured Idar; he placed Anand Singh's son on the throne and became his guardian. After Rai Singh's death in 1766, the Marathas once again threatened Idar upon which Rao Seo Sinh, son of Anand Singh, agreed to hand over the districts of Parantij and Vizapur to the Peshwa and Morasa, Baad and Harsol to the Gaekwads.
In 1875, Idar state had a revenue of £60,000 and paid a tribute of £3,034 to the Gaekwads of Baroda State. The population of the state in 1875 was 217,382. The rulers were Rathore Rajputs of the Joda family and were entitled to a gun salute of 15 guns.
In 1924, Idar was made part of the Western India States Agency. It was transferred to the Rajputana Agency in the early 1940s. On 10 June 1948, Idar became part of the Indian Union. In 1949, it was dissolved and split between Sabar Kantha district and Mehsana district, which were at that point in Bombay State. Both districts were included in Gujarat when it was formed in 1960.

## List of rulers of Idar

* Sir Pratap Singh
* Himmat Singh