OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Townsend Scudder

Townsend Scudder (July 26, 1865 – February 22, 1960) was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician from New York. A Democrat, he served two non-consecutive terms as a United States representative (1899–1901, 1903–1905).

## Biography

Born in Northport, Scudder was a nephew of Henry Joel Scudder, also a U.S. Representative from New York. Townsend attended preparatory schools in Europe and graduated from Columbia Law School in 1888. He was admitted to the bar in 1889 and commenced practice in New York City.
Scudder served as the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of New York of Freemasons from 1906-1907.

### Congress

Scudder was corporation counsel for Queens County from 1893 to 1899, and was elected as a Democrat to the 56th United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1901. He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1900 and resumed the practice of law. He was elected to the 58th United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1903, to March 3, 1905.

### Judicial career

Scudder was a justice of the New York Supreme Court (2nd District) from 1907 to 1920, and afterwards again resumed the practice of law in New York City. In 1921, he was defeated for the New York Court of Appeals by Republican William S. Andrews. He was State park commissioner and vice president of the Long Island State Park Commission from 1924 to 1927. He was appointed to the New York Supreme Court by Governor Alfred E. Smith in February 1927 and was subsequently nominated by the two major political parties to succeed himself for the full term of fourteen years.
In his first year on the bench, Scudder presided of the highly publicized murder trial of Ruth Snyder and her lover Henry Judd Gray, for the murder of Ruth's husband Albert Snyder. Both were convicted and sentenced to death, though Scudder personally opposed capital punishment and would trade criminal cases with other judges to avoid having to pass such sentences.
Scudder was active in the world of dogs. In 1932, he was the BIS (best in show) judge at the WKC (Westminster Kennel Club) dog show.
Scudder remained on the bench until the end of 1936, when he reached the constitutional retirement age of 70 years.

### Death

Scudder died in Greenwich, Connecticut in 1960; interment was in Putnam Cemetery.
# Yegor Semyonov

Yegor Valeryevich Semyonov (Belarusian: Ягор Валер'евіч Сямёнаў; Russian: Егор Валерьевич Семёнов; born 6 January 1988) is a Belarusian professional footballer who plays for Ostrovets.
He suspended his career during 2006–2009 due to health issues, but later recovered.
# Begonia quinquealata

Begonia quinquealata is an endemic species of Begonia discovered in Salakot Falls, Napsan, Puerto Princesa City, in northern Palawan, Philippines. This species, along with B. suborbiculata Merr., are the only two known species in the Philippines with 5-winged capsules. Unlike any other member of Begonia sect. Baryandra, B. quinquealata is very distinctive for being a densely hairy herb with long creeping rhizomes. It differs also from B. suborbiculata in that it has thickly chartaceous, widely ovate leaves that have uniformly green upper leaf surface, densely velutinous, with denticulate leaf margin, outer tepals, and red scabrous ovary and capsules.

## Etymology

The specific epithet refers to its 5-winged capsule.
# War on the Rocks

War on the Rocks (WOTR) is an American publication founded in 2013 offering podcasts and articles on national security issues, featuring experienced professionals.

## History

Ryan Evans, a former think tanker and Defense Department civil servant, founded WOTR in 2013 as a podcast. It launched as a full fledged publication in July of that year. He sought to re-center experienced voices in a media landscape that was becoming increasingly dominated by more mass-media oriented content and ubiquitous clickbait. The publication's opening article was written by former SACEUR James Stavridis. Contributors generally include experienced national security personnel, such as military personnel, military veterans, current and former government officials, and academics. The site hosts expert analysis and does not break news or publish leaked documents.
Its audience includes many of the same sorts of people who write for WOTR, among them the highest levels of leadership in the U.S. military, who regularly appear on main WOTR podcast. In late 2013, Evans interviewed Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Martin Dempsey for Dempsey's first-ever podcast interview. Dempsey believed WOTR was the best way to reach a rank-and-file listenership.

## Funding

WOTR was originally bootstrapped with a $4,450 Kickstarter campaign and later a $61,846 Indiegogo campaign. Evans also raised $100,000 in late 2015 from an angel investor. In 2017, the site launched a paid membership program.
In 2017, WOTR and the University of Texas launched the Texas National Security Review, a hybrid journal that combines a section featuring peer-reviewed scholarly works with another that features essays by policymakers and practitioners.

## Competitors

Similar outlets with a national security focus include the Modern War Institute at the United States Military Academy, Small Wars Journal, and Defense One.
# No Fear, No Blame

No Fear, No Blame (Russian: Без страха и упрёка) is a 1962 Soviet children's adventure film directed by Aleksandr Mitta.

## Plot

The film tells about the business trip Repnin, which is sent with the equipment to Moscow. Having shipped the equipment, he had to fly to the Bailout, but he lost all his money. Three kids find them and decide to go in search of the owner. The film uses the adventurous plot to espouse values like honesty and chivalry.

## Cast

* Alla Vitruk
* Viktor Glazkov
* Nikolay Burlyaev
* Saveliy Kramarov
* Nikolay Volkov
* Lev Zolotukhin
* Marina Strizhenova
* Lyudmila Marchenko
* Anatoli Yushko
* Yelena Maksimova
# East of England Co-operative Society

The East of England Co-operative Society is the fourth largest consumer co-operative in the United Kingdom after The Co-operative Group, The Midcounties Co-operative and Central England Co-operative. It is a registered society with its headquarters in Wherstead, near Ipswich and trading in the eastern counties of Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Cambridgeshire. The Society is the area's largest independent retailer.

## History

The East of England Co-operative Society is an amalgamation of smaller societies from across East Anglia which have joined together over the years. Most recently, the Colchester and East Essex Co-operative Society merged with the Ipswich and Norwich Co-operative Society in 2005.
The consumer co-operative movement has its roots in the early part of the nineteenth century and the principles of self-help and social equity that developed during the Victorian era. The first successful retail co-operative was established in 1844 by the Rochdale Pioneers. The Ipswich and Norwich Society was the product of an amalgamation, in 1993, of the Ipswich Co-operative Society (known as the Ipswich Industrial Co-operative Society from 1868 to 1968 and incorporating, since 1991, the engagements of the former Stowmarket Society, established 1889) and the Norwich Co-operative Society (formed in 1858). The Colchester and East Essex Society was founded as Colchester Co-operative Society in 1861, expanding through merger with the following co-operative societies:
| Society | Established | Transferred |
| Tiptree Self Help | 1895 | 1921 |
| Clacton | | 1931 |
| Coggeshall Heart-in-Hand | | 1945 |
| Harwich, Dovercourt and Parkeston | | March 1967 |
| Maldon | | Nov. 1967 |
| Witham | | June 1970 |
| Earls Colne | | Aug. 1970 |

## Activities

The East of England Co-op’s principal business activities are food retailing, funeral services and management of its investment property portfolio. They also have interests in petrol forecourts, travel, events and conferencing, security, and stonemasonry.
It previously ran a dairy with doorstep deliveries, but this was sold to Dairy Crest in early 2008 and their department stores and a jewellery store were sold to Vergo Retail in 2009. In 2010 their car dealerships were also sold to various owners. In early 2019 the Society sold its pharmacy and optical businesses.
The Society is a corporate member of the Co-operative Group, sourcing its food through the national buying programme, the Co-operative Federal Trading Services.

## Membership

Customers and employees who join the co-op as members receive a dividend card, which when presented at transaction enables them to receive points. These points are then allocated a monetary value, decided by the board and based on the organisation's profits that year.
Membership is open to all customers, colleagues and communities in the East of England Co-op's trading area. Members receive a share in the profits and in 2021 more than £1.8 million was issued as dividends.
# Zmelkoow

Zmelkoow is a Slovenian comedy rock band, founded in Koper in 1992. The band's members include Gorazd "Goga" Sedmak (singer and guitarist), Žare Pavletič (bass guitarist), Aleš Koščak (drummer), and Anuša Podgornik (keyboards, flute, vocals). It is known for a distinctive humor in most of their songs' lyrics, spanning from philosophical (song titled "Bit") to ironic. One of their less known CDs contains songs remade in medieval fashion.

## Discography
### Albums

* Pionirji Divergentnega Marketinga CD (2016)
* Čista jajca? CD (2009)
* Kolekcija Jesen 93 - Poletje 07 2x CD (2007)
* Zmelkoow plošča CD (2004)
* Superheroji v akciji CD MC (2001)
* Izštekani pri Juretu Longyki CD MC (2000)
* Dej, nosorog, pazi kam stopaš! CD MC (1999)
* Srebrna CD MC (1997)
* Čiko Pajo in Pako CD MC (1996)
* Kdo se je zbral? CD MC (1994)

### Singles, EP's

* Malo Dnarja, Malo Muzike 5 x files EP (2015)
* Kino Šiška EP CD (2011)
* Zdej en dan v srednjem veku CDr (2007)
* Kishta (Moj računalnik je neumna kišta!!)10" EP (1998)
* Klub ljudi z resnimi težavami CD Shape (1997)
* Napačen planet CD3" (1996)
* Yo! 7" (1994)
* Streloowod + Brrr... + Čau sonček 7" (1993)
# IZh-43

The IZh-43 (ИЖ-43) is a Soviet and Russian double-barreled shotgun.

## History

The IZh-43 was designed in the early 1980s, and in October 1985, the first prototypes were presented at the hunting weapons exhibition in Irkutsk. Production of these weapons began in 1986.
In 1986, the IZh-43M shotgun was awarded the gold medal at the Leipzig Trade Fair.
From July 1987 until February 1990, the price of a standard IZh-43 was 175 rubles. A custom IZh-43 shotgun, featuring engravings, a walnut stock, and a walnut fore-end, was priced at up to 385 rubles.
In 1988, the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant began mass production of both the IZh-43 and IZh-43E.
In January 2004, a contract was signed between Remington Arms and the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant. Russian firearms were bought by Remington and sold in the USA, with the IZh-43 being marketed as the Remington Spartan 220 and the IZh-43-1S as the Remington Spartan 210.
In September 2008, all firearms produced by the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant were rebranded, and the IZh-43 was renamed the MP-43 (Mechanical Plant-43).

## Design

The IZh-43 is a side-by-side smoothbore shotgun, with barrels that feature chokes at the muzzle end.
It has a stock and fore-end made of walnut, birch, or beech wood, although custom aftermarket variants are known, it features chrome-plated bores made of AR50 steel.

## Variants

* IZh-43 (ИЖ-43) - The first model is a hammerless shotgun, with a design based on the IZh-58MA model.
* IZh-43E (ИЖ-43Е) - The second model is a version of the standard IZh-43 with an ejector.
* IZh-43M (ИЖ-43М) - The third model.
* IZh-43EM (ИЖ-43ЕМ)
* IZh-43-1S (ИЖ-43-1С)
* IZh-43E1SM (ИЖ-43Е1СМ)
* IZh-43KN (ИЖ-43КН)

## Users

* Soviet Union
* Belarus - It is allowed as a civilian hunting weapon.
* Kazakhstan - It is allowed as a civilian hunting weapon.
* Moldova -It is allowed as a civilian hunting weapon.
* Russian Federation - It is allowed as a civilian hunting weapon.
# The Queen of Paradise's Garden

The Queen of Paradise's Garden:A Traditional Newfoundland Tale is a children's book by Andy Jones and illustrated by Darka Erdelji. Published in 2009 by Running the Goat Books and Broadsides, the story is adapted from stories 29 and 30 in Folktales of Newfoundland.

## Summary
### Characters

* Bill, Tom, and Jack. A set of triplets who, concerned about their elderly parents, go on a quest to find magical fruit that will make them young again. Through the efforts of the youngest triplet, Jack, they are ultimately successful.
* Old Blind Pew (Later, Young Blind Pew). A basket-seller who helps the boys and tells them about the fruit. After Jack gives him some of the fruit, he becomes young and regains his eyesight.
* Queen of Paradise is the queen of a faraway land. In her garden grows the magical fruits that the boys are seeking. After discovering the theft of the fruit, she tracks down the boys and, eventually, marries Jack.

## Reception

The Queen of Paradise was widely praised for the way that reviewers felt Jones had incorporated the Newfoundland dialect into the story. Newfoundland & Labrador Studies spoke positively of the way the reviewer felt Jones had catered to both children and adult audiences. Canadian Children's Book News also praised the illustrations, with the reviewer describing them as reminiscent of the work of Stéphane Poulin.
# Quirin op dem Veld von Willich

Quirin op dem Veld von Willich (died 1537) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Auxiliary Bishop of Cologne (1521–1537).

## Biography

On 25 Oct 1521, Quirin op dem Veld von Willich was appointed during the papacy of Pope Leo X as Auxiliary Bishop of Cologne and Titular Bishop of Cyrene. He served as Auxiliary Bishop of Cologne until his death on 9 Nov 1537.
# De Symons Honey

Sir de Symons Montagu George Honey, CMG (1 November 1872 – January 1945) was a Cape Colony-born colonial administrator. He served as Resident Commissioner in Swaziland, from 1917 to 1928 and as Governor of the Seychelles from 1928 to 1933.

## Life and career

Honey was born in Alexandria, Cape Province, the son of J. W. Honey, retired Civil Commissioner and Resident Magistrate, Cape Service. He was educated at Carnarvon Public School. He then joined the British South Africa Police and took part in the Pioneer Column which occupied Mashonaland. He served in the British Central Africa Administration and took part in the Second Boer War.
In 1901 he joined the Transvaal Civil Service under Lord Milner. He specialised in Swaziland affairs, and in 1904 was appointed Secretary to the Governor of the Transvaal for Swaziland affairs. In 1907 he became Government Secretary of Swaziland, and in 1910 he was made Deputy Resident Commissioner of Swaziland. From 1917 to 1928 he served as Resident Commissioner in Swaziland.
In 1928 he was appointed Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Seychelles, retiring in 1933. As Governor, Honey obtained loans for the development of infrastructure, mainly roads, on Mahé, Praslin and La Digue. He also inaugurated the World War Memorial in the Mont Fleuri Cemetery. He died in Cape Town in 1945.
Honey was appointed a CMG in 1919 and a knight bachelor in 1932.

## Family

Honey married Violet Marguerite, daughter of Charles Jones of Stellenbosch, in 1904; they had two sons.
# Deva (name)

Deva is the name of:

## Given name

* Deva (composer) (born 1950), Indian film composer and singer
* Дeva (born 2000), Hungarian singer-songwriter
* Phraya Songsuradet (born Deva Bandhumasena, 1891–1944), Thai military officer
* Deva Dassy, stage name of Marie-Anne Lambert, 1911–2016), French singer
* Deva Katta, Indian-born American citizen filmmaker
* Deva Mahal, soul and R&B singer in New York
* Deva Mahenra (born 1990), actor, model and presenter from Indonesia
* Deva Premal (born 1970), German musician
* Deva Raya II (died 1446), emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire
* Deva (footballer) (Santos Souza Delvanita, born 1989), Brazilian footballer

## Surname

* A. N. Prabhu Deva, Indian academic
* Bhattakalanka Deva (fl. 1604), Kannada grammarian
* Mukul Deva (born 1961), Indian English author
* Narendra Deva (1889–1956), Indian politician
* Nirj Deva (born 1948), British politician
* Prabhu Deva (born 1973), South Indian actor, dancer, and movie director
* Ramachandra Deva (1948–2013), Indian Kannada poet, writer and playwright
* Ramachandra Deva I (1568–1607), founder of the Bhoi dynasty of Khurda in Odisha, India
* Saipriya Deva (born 1994), Indian actress
* Sarah Jezebel Deva (Sarah Jane Ferridge, born 1977), English heavy metal singer
* Srikanth Deva (born 1977), Indian music director
* Terra Deva (born 1976), American musician
* Vishnu Deva (born 1975), Indian choreographer
* Xhafer Deva (1904–1978), Albanian politician
# André Ménard

André Ménard (14 February 1907 in Blois, France – 4 November 1988 in Paris, France) was a Governor General in the French colonial empire in the 20th century.

## Significant events

During his reign, the coup d'État de Yanaon happened on 13 June 1954. In the aftermath, he recalled the Administrator of Yanam (Administrateur de Yanaon), George Sala, to Pondicherry.

## Titles

Government offices :
| Preceded byRobert Charles Henri Kuter | Governor of New Hebrides 1947–1949 | Succeeded byPierre Amédée Joseph Émile Jean |
| Preceded byCharles Chambon | Governor General of Pondichéry 31 July 1950 – October 1954 | Succeeded byGeorges Escargueil |
# Santiago Polanco-Abreu

Santiago Polanco-Abreu (October 30, 1920 – January 18, 1988) was the 10th Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico.

## Biography

Born in Bayamón, Puerto Rico, Polanco-Abreu attended elementary and high schools in Isabela, Puerto Rico. He graduated from the University of Puerto Rico, B.A., 1941, and LL.B., 1943. He joined Phi Sigma Alpha fraternity. He was admitted to the bar in 1943 and practiced law in Isabela and San Juan. Legal adviser to the Tax Court of Puerto Rico from 1943 to 1944. He served as member of the American Bar Association and Puerto Rico Bar Association. He was one of the founders of the Institute for Democratic Studies in San José, Costa Rica.

### Puerto Rico House of Representatives

He served in the House of Representatives, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico from 1949 to 1964. He served as member of the Constitutional Convention of Puerto Rico in 1951-1952. He was appointed speaker of the house from 1963 to 1964.

### Congress

Polanco-Abreu was elected as a Popular Democrat to be Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico to the United States Congress, November 3, 1964, for the term ending January 3, 1969. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1968.

### Later career and death

He resumed the practice of law. He was a resident of San Juan, Puerto Rico, until his death there on January 18, 1988.
He was interred at the Isabela Municipal Cemetery in Isabela, Puerto Rico.
# Aranka Munk

Aranka Munk (née Pulitzer, born November 28, 1862, died November 26, 1941) was a Viennese art collector murdered in the Holocaust.

## Life

Born in Mako, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1862, into a Jewish family, Munk was the daughter of Simon Siegmund Pulitzer and Charlotte Pulitzer and the sister of Klimt's chief patron Serena Lederer and Jenny Steiner. She had three daughters, Lili Munk; Ria Munk and Lola Christine Sachsel-Kraus.

## The suicide of Ria Munk

In 1911, her daughter Ria committed suicide. An art collector and patron of the arts, Munk asked Klimt to paint a death-bed portrait of her daughter. Klimt painted three versions which had different fates. The first portrait Klimt painted for Aranka Munk was "Ria Munk on Her Deathbed," which Munk found so usetting that she gave it to a sculptor friend, whose heirs sold it after the war, passing through the collection of the singer Barbra Streisand. The second version was later reworked to show a dancer, and the third, which Munk kept, was the unfinished "Portrait of Ria Munk III", also known Frauenbildnis, which ended up in the Lentos Museum's collection. Klimt died before completing it.

## Nazi era and death in the Holocaust

Aranka Munk was murdered in the Holocaust because of her Jewish heritage. The Nazis seized the Klimt from Munk after she was deported to a concentration camp where she died in 1941. In 1942, her daughter Lola Munk died at the Chełmno Extermination Camp.

## Claim for restitution

Vienna lawyer Alfred Noll submitted a claim for restitution on behalf of the Munk heirs in 2007.

## The provenance of Portrait of Ria Munk III

After Klimt's death Aranka Munk hung the unfinished portrait of her deceased daughter in her lake house. In 1941, the Nazis seized her property and possessions and deported her to a concentration camp in Poland. On November 26, 1941, Aranka died in the Holocaust. The portrait passed through Wolfgang Gurlitt on its way to the Lentos Museum. In June 2009, the portrait was restituted to the heirs of Aranka Munk.
# William Wedemeyer

William Walter Wedemeyer (March 22, 1873 – January 2, 1913) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan.
Wedemeyer was born near Lima Township in Washtenaw County, Michigan. He attended the district schools and Ann Arbor High School. He graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1895. He was a member of the board of school examiners from 1894 to 1895. He was admitted to the bar in 1895 and served as county commissioner of schools from 1895 to 1897. He served as deputy commissioner of railroads for Michigan from 1897 to 1899 and commenced the practice of law at Ann Arbor in 1899.
Wedemeyer was chairman of the Republican State convention in 1903. He was American consul at Georgetown, British Guiana during the summer of 1905. He was a member of the Republican State central committee from 1906 to 1910. In 1910, he was elected as a Republican from Michigan's 2nd congressional district to the 62nd United States Congress, serving from March 4, 1911 until his death on January 2, 1913. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1912 to the Sixty-third Congress. While on an official visit to Colón, Panama, William Wedemeyer committed suicide by jumping from a steam ship on the return voyage to the United States. He had been having suicidal tendencies for a while, after losing his re-election bid for his congressional seat to Samuel Beakes. His body was never recovered. He had been in Panama with an official congressional delegation to coincide with President Taft’s visit to the country.