OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Peter J. Somers

Peter J. Somers (April 12, 1850 – February 15, 1924) was an Irish-American mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin and member of the United States House of Representatives.

## Biography

Somers was born in Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin on April 12, 1850. He grew up in the state of Wisconsin. He became a lawyer and moved to Milwaukee, where he soon became involved in politics. Somers served as city attorney for Milwaukee. In 1890, he was elected to the Milwaukee Common Council and served as president of the Milwaukee Common Council.
He served as mayor of Milwaukee from December 6, 1890, to June 5, 1893, when he resigned, having won an election to fill a vacancy in the United States House of Representatives caused by the resignation of John L. Mitchell who was elected to the U.S. Senate. Somers took over as the representative of Wisconsin's 4th congressional district in the 53rd United States Congress. Somers, a lifelong member of the Democratic Party, was not renominated for a full term in 1894, and left Congress when his term expired in 1895. He is to date the last mayor of Milwaukee elected to higher office.
He continued practicing law in Milwaukee until 1905, when he moved to Reno, Nevada. He became a lawyer, judge for Esmeralda County, Nevada, and served for a time as chairman of the Nevada Democratic State Central Committee.
He died at his home in Los Angeles, California on February 15, 1924. Somers was buried at Calvary Cemetery in Los Angeles.
# Barden and Ribee Saddlery

Barden and Ribee Saddlery is a heritage-listed former saddlery at 473 High Street, Maitland, in the Hunter region of New South Wales, Australia. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

## History

Barden & Ribee Pty Ltd was a successful Maitland saddlery business, which had been established in 1872 as a partnership between Thomas J. Ribee and J. W. Barden. The building was built in 1888 as new premises for the company, which required larger premises due to increased business. It was designed by John W. Pender and built by Robert James. The ground floor was used as retail premises, while the second-floor was a storeroom, with a workroom also on-site.
The business remained in their families after the death of the initial partners.
The business closed c. 1970s and sold the premises in 1978.
It has been converted to a restaurant, but retains evidence of its former use as a saddlery.

## Description

It is a two-storey brick commercial building in the Victorian Free Classical style. It retains the original signage on the building's second-floor exterior and above a ground-floor window.
The City of Maitland describes it as "an excellent example of Victorian commercial premises" and states that it is an "important record of the pattern of commercial development and of a saddlery as interpretation of reliance on horses for local transport in the nineteenth century".

## Heritage listing

Barden & Ribee Saddlery was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
# 34–40 King Street, East Maitland

34–40 King Street is a heritage-listed row of terraced houses at East Maitland, in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

## History

The terraces were built c. 1840.

## Description

It consists of a row of single-storey stone terraces in the Colonial Georgian style with corrugated iron hipped roofs.
The City of Maitland describes it as an "exceptional and relatively rare example in New South Wales of a small-scale nineteenth-century single-storey terrace row, and notes that it "represents the earliest phases of the town's residential development and a tangible record of the lifestyle of the working class in the mid-nineteenth century".

## Heritage listing

34–40 King Street was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
# Villingili (Gaafu Alif Atoll)

Villingili ( in Mahal ) or Viligilla ( in Huvadhoo ) ( Huvadhoo ވިލިގިއްލާ, Mahal: ވިލިނގިލި) is one of the inhabited islands of Gaafu Alif Atoll, which is an administrative division of the Maldives.

## History

In former times, Vilingili boat owners used to decorate their fishing boats with rich and varied decorative patterns. This practice was discontinued in the 1970s.

### Archaeology

According to Mr. Ibrahim Lutfi there was a mound in an area of the island that has been eroded away by the currents on the reef. This mound was probably an ancient Buddhist stupa.

## Geography

The island is 378.07 km (235 mi; 204 nmi) south of the country's capital, Malé. It is located on the northeastern rim of Huvadu Atoll. Traditionally this island is also known as 'Huvadu Atoll Vilingili'. Northern Huvadhu Atoll or Gaafu Alifu is an administrative division created on 8 February 1962, when Huvadhu Atoll was divided into two districts.

## Services

The World Health Organization has a local unit there.
# Thiessen (crater)

Thiessen is a lunar impact crater that lies in the far northern latitudes, on the far side of the Moon. To the west of Thiessen is the younger crater Ricco, and to the south-southwest is Roberts. Further to the east lies Heymans.
This is a heavily worn crater with overlapping impacts along the rim to the northeast, northwest, and west. A small crater occupies the northwestern interior floor. The remaining rim is worn and rounded, and the crater is now essentially a depression in the surface.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Thiessen.
| Thiessen | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| Q | 73.9° N | 174.6° W | 39 km |
| W | 76.3° N | 173.2° W | 24 km |
# Cadia Engine House

Cadia Engine House is a heritage-listed engine house at Cadia, in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1865 to 1867. The property is owned by Newcrest Mining Limited, forming part of the company's Cadia-Ridgeway Mine lease. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

## History

In 1865 a "Cornish type" copper mine engine house was established on the south-eastern slopes of Mt Canobolis near Orange in New South Wales.
The mine operated for a short time until it was abandoned as uneconomical in 1867.
Subsequently, much of the equipment was removed and the structures fell into ruin. Some of the machinery was salvaged for scrap in the 1920s.
In 1993 some stabilisation works were undertaken, including roofing over the engine house.

## Description

The Cadia Engine House consists of a rubble stone and brick chimney and stone engine house and crusher house in open country side.
The beam engine was used to raise ore, drive the pump, drive the crushing machine and power other machinery. The engine house of several storeys was built to house the beam engine. The crusher house was constructed of stone and possesses some timbering, but this building is in much poorer condition. The chimney is constructed of local stone for the first 15m; the top 5m are built of red brick. Abutting the base of the chimney is remnant walling of the boiler house. Extant machinery items include remains of the beam engine, drive and brake mechanisms, pump parts, and elements of the crushing machinery and the boiler.
A 1995 conservation management plan stated "Surface historical mining fabric related to all post 1880s phases is fragmented, partial and often ephemeral, but the precinct has high potential to contain significant archaeological deposits related to the lifestyle and technology of the former community and mining activity."

## Heritage listing

The Cadia Engine House, associated buildings and immediate surrounding mine infrastructure constitute a historic site of national significance. The high level of integrity of the surviving structural elements, and the physical evidence of the mine layout, combined with the presence of unique components of the engine and crushing machinery, as well the manufacturer's original drawing of the engine and engine house, make the site one of the most important of its kind in Australia.
Cadia Engine House was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
# Cowbridge (electoral ward)

Cowbridge is an electoral ward in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales, which covers its namesake town of Cowbridge as well as the neighbouring villages of Llanblethian and Aberthin and the communities of Llanfair and Penllyn. The ward elects three county councillors to the Vale of Glamorgan Council.
According to the 2011 census the population of the ward was 6,180.
Cowbridge is also the name of a community ward (covering the town itself) for elections to Cowbridge with Llanblethian Town Council.

## County elections

The county ward elects three councillors to the Vale of Glamorgan Council. It is currently represented by the Welsh Conservative Party.
2017 Vale of Glamorgan Council election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| Conservative | Geoffrey Addis COX | 1807 |
| Conservative | Thomas Hunter JARVIE | 1691 |
| Conservative | Andrew Carey PARKER | 1551 |
| Independent | Nicola Christine THOMAS | 657 |
| Labour | Jack HAWKINS | 544 |
| Plaid Cymru | Huw LLEWELLYN-MORGAN | 511 |
| Plaid Cymru | Nicola Jane BRANSON | 340 |
| Plaid Cymru | Shirley Ann HODGES | 290 |
Councillors Cox, Jarvie and Parker were also the winners of the May 2012 elections.
The ward has elected three Conservative county councillors since 1999, though at the 1995 county elections it elected one Conservative and two Labour Party representatives.

### 1985–1996

Between 1985 and 1996 Cowbridge was a ward to South Glamorgan County Council, electing one county councillor, a Conservative.

## Borough elections

The Cowbridge ward elected two councillors to the Vale of Glamorgan Borough Council in 1973, 1976 and 1979. Between 1983 and 1996 it was represented by three councillors, all Conservatives.
# Crookwell railway station

Crookwell railway station is a heritage-listed former railway station and now museum at the terminus of the Goulburn-Crookwell branch line in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. The property is owned by the Transport Asset Holding Entity, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. It is under the care of the Goulburn Crookwell Heritage Railway Inc.

## History

Crookwell railway station was the terminal railway station of the Crookwell branch railway line. The station opened in 1902 with the opening of the line, and consisted of a 30-metre (100 ft) platform with wooden station building on the down side of the line, a stock siding, goods siding, goods platform and a 15-metre (50 ft) turntable. Most of the facilities remain in place, including the timber station building which is well maintained. Passenger services were withdrawn in 1974, and the line and station closed to goods traffic in 1985.

## Description

The complex comprises a type 16, timber pioneer station building, completed in 1902; a corrugated iron lamp room, also completed in 1902; and a 18.3 by 4.6 metres (60 ft × 15 ft) corrugated iron goods shed, also completed in 1902. Other structures include timber platform faces; a Sellers 1284/3.6941 18-metre (60 ft) turntable; a T233, 5-tonne (4.9-long-ton; 5.5-short-ton) gantry crane; an 20-tonne (20-long-ton; 22-short-ton) Avery weighbridge, erected in 1902; a loading bank; and an ash pit. The heritage area includes the surrounding yard and station precinct as landscape project, together with plantings, particularly pine trees. Artefacts include basins and signs.

## Heritage listing

As at 24 November 2000, Crookwell railway station was a significant surviving pioneer terminus station and yard with most elements intact from the date of opening in 1902. It represents an early period of growth by the railways to areas of marginal revenue. This then was reflected in economic constraints causing a cutting back on the cost of railway construction. It is the best surviving such complex in the State and contributes to the townscape of Crookwell. The site retains its setting and significant details such as basins, signs, plantings. The line is now closed and the site re-used as an operating heritage railway and museum.
Crookwell railway station was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
This item is assessed as historically rare. This item is assessed as scientifically rare. This item is assessed as arch. rare. This item is assessed as socially rare.
# Llandow (electoral ward)

Llandow (between 1995 and 2022 known as Llandow/Ewenny or Llandow and Ewenny) is an electoral ward in the west of the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. It covers its namesake community of Llandow as well as the neighbouring communities of Colwinston and Llangan. Since 1995 the ward has elected a county councillor to the Vale of Glamorgan Council.
According to the 2011 census the population of the Llandow/Ewenny ward was 2,643.
The ward of St Brides Major lies to the west, Cowbridge to the east and Llantwit Major to the south. To the north is Bridgend County Borough.
From the 2022 Vale of Glamorgan Council elections, the community of Ewenny was moved into the St Brides Major ward and the ward became known simply as Llandow.

## County elections

The ward elects one councillor to the Vale of Glamorgan Council. It is currently represented by the Welsh Conservative Party.
2017 Vale of Glamorgan Council election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Christine Ann CAVE | 869 | | |
| | Labour | Huw James POWELL | 275 | | |
At the previous election in May 2012, Ray Thomas was elected for the Conservatives, with a majority of 358 votes over the Labour candidate.
A by-election took place on 5 March 2009 following the death in January of Conservative councillor, Colin Vaughan. Vaughan had been the ward's councillor for more than 10 years. The ward was retained by the Conservatives.
2008 Vale of Glamorgan Council election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Conservative | Colin VAUGHAN | 717 | 65.8% |
| Plaid Cymru | Wynford BELLIN | 210 | 19.3% |
| Labour | Claire CURTIS | 162 | 14.9% |
The ward has elected a Conservative councillor since the creation of the Vale of Glamorgan unitary authority in 1995. Prior to 1996 Ewenny was part of the Borough of Ogwr, with the Vale ward being known simply as Llandow.
1995 Vale of Glamorgan Council election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| Conservative | R. Thomas | 532 |
| Labour | (Ms) C. Price | 505 |
| Liberal Democrats | (Ms) S. Wilson | 93 |
| Independent | (Ms) J. Horton | 87 |
| Plaid Cymru | J. Bellin | 80 |
Councillor Thomas was councillor for the previous Llandow ward.
# Melchior Aymerich

Melchior de Aymerich (Ceuta, Spain, 5 January 1754 – Havana, Cuba, 11 August 1836) was a Spanish general and provincial administrator, serving as the last president of the Royal Audience of Quito from April until May 1822.

## Biography

He was the son of Brigadier Vicente d'Aymerich and Josefa Villajuana.
On 20 November 1762, he entered the Seville Infantry Regiment as a minor cadet and was promoted to second lieutenant on 17 April 1769. In 1775 he participated in the Invasion of Algiers (1775), and was promoted to lieutenant on 14 February 1776.

### Uruguay

That same year 1775, he took part in the Second Cevallos expedition to the Río de la Plata, distinguishing himself in the reconquest of Colonia del Sacramento on 30 May 1777.

### Ceuta

He was promoted to captain on 9 August 1788, and served in the garrison of Ceuta between 1790 and 1792, assisting in its defense against the Siege of Ceuta (1790–1791) by the Moroccans.

### France

Having received the rank of Lieutenant Colonel on 16 April 1792, he was assigned to the army of Roussillon, fighting the French Republicans in the War of the Pyrenees. In 1793, he saw action in Palua, Argeles, Villelongue and Banyuls-les-Aspres. The following year he participated in the defense of Boulou on 30 April, but was taken prisoner when the Fort de Bellegarde surrendered on 18 September 1794. After regaining his freedom, he received the rank of Colonel on 4 September 1795 and returned to Ceuta, where he served from 1797 to 1800. He married Josefa Espinosa de los Monteros in Algeciras on 27 September 1802.

### Ecuador

On 1 May 1802, he was appointed Governor of the Cuenca Province in the Real Audiencia de Quito, taking office on 19 November 1803 and where he would remain until 1819. In 1809, he held the interim Presidency of the Real Audiencia de Quito and helped crush the Quito Revolution (1809-1812) in 1811-1812. Promoted to Mariscal de Campo on 20 June 1813, he replaced Juan de Sámano as Commander of the Northern Army the following year, and defeated Nariño's Southern Campaign, taking Republican commander Antonio Nariño prisoner in Pasto, Colombia, on 10 May 1814.
He continued in his government of Cuenca, again temporarily occupying the Presidency of the Real Audiencia de Quito from 1819 to 1821. In that last year he had to face the troops of Patriot General Antonio José de Sucre, whom he first defeated in the Second Battle of Huachi (12 September), but was himself later completely defeated in the Battle of Pichincha on 24 May 1822, immediately capitulating.

## Cuba

He was expelled from Ecuador and sent to Cuba, where he was appointed sub-inspector of the troops of the island of Cuba in November 1824, a position he held until his promotion to Lieutenant General on 27 August 1834, when he retired. His offspring stayed in Cuba.
# Remigius Hogenberg

Remigius Hogenberg (c. 1536, Mechlin – c. 1588, London) was a Dutch engraver who arrived in England c. 1573. He most likely resided in the parish of St Giles Cripplegate, this parish and St Andrew's Holborn being the main locations for engravers. Parish records list Hogenberg as "Highill", an English approximation of his surname. The parish records also indicate Hogenberg had seven children, though his marriage is not recorded. Hogenberg is recorded as having been buried on 16 March 1588 (old style, 1589 new style). Hogenberg is known for his portrait engravings of the Archbishop of Canterbury, a genealogy of the English monarchs, and his Maps of the Counties of England.
# Robert O'Shaughnessy

Robert Emmet O'Shaughnessy, Sr. (February 23, 1918 – February 16, 1991) was an American Democratic politician, member of the Ohio Senate, and Funeral Director. A member of a political family, O'Shaughnessy was initially appointed to the Senate to succeed his brother, Jerry O'Shaughnessy, who had died. In 1974, O'Shaughnessy overcame a divisive primary and a challenge by Republican Keith McNamara to retain the seat. He subsequently was appointed as Chairman of the Senate Energy Committee.
In 1978, O'Shaughnessy faced opposition in John Kasich, a political newcomer. In the end, he lost his seat to Kasich, ending his tenure in the Senate at seven years.
After his defeat, he opted to become Clerk of the Senate, however was not chosen. Subsequently, he returned to his family funeral home business in Columbus, Ohio; he had worked as a Funeral Director for over fifty years. He died in 1991, at the age of 72.
He is the father of the Maryellen O'Shaughnessy, Franklin County Clerk of Courts.
# Garfield W. Brown

Garfield W. Brown (March 15, 1881 – December 24, 1967) was an American politician and lawyer who served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1911 to 1915, representing the 24th legislative district of Minnesota as a Republican in the 37th and 38th Minnesota Legislatures.

## Early life and education

Brown was born in Pipestone County, Minnesota, on March 15, 1881. He attended Pipestone Area High School and the University of Minnesota Law School, graduating from the latter in 1906 with a law degree; he was admitted to the bar that same year.

## Career

Brown served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1911 to 1915, representing the 24th legislative district of Minnesota as a Republican in the 37th and 38th Minnesota Legislatures.
During his time in office, Brown served on the following committees:
* Appropriations
* Banks and Banking
* Drainage
* Enrollment
* Immigration (1911–1912)
* Insurance
* Judiciary
* Temperance Legislation (1913–1914)
Brown chaired the Enrollment committee during both of his terms.
Brown's time in office began on January 3, 1911, and concluded on January 4, 1915. His district included representation for McLeod County.
Outside of the Minnesota Legislature, Brown was a lawyer.

## Personal life and death

Brown resided in Glencoe, Minnesota, at the time he was first elected to the Minnesota Legislature, though was residing in Edina, Minnesota, prior to his death.
Brown died at the age of 86 in Hennepin County, Minnesota, on December 24, 1967.
# Verband kommunaler Unternehmen

Verband kommunaler Unternehmen, stands for the German Association of Local Public Utilities and is the national association of municipally-owned infrastructure undertakings in Germany. As an advocacy group, it represents the interests of its members towards legislators on state- federal- and European level. Its member companies are active in the fields of energy- and water supply, wastewater treatment, telecommunications, waste management and street cleaning.

## History

The VKU was founded in 1949 in Rüdesheim am Rhein. After the Second World War, the VKU supported municipal enterprises in their restructuring efforts. After the collapse of the GDR in 1989, the VKU aided local and regional authorities in Eastern Germany in reconstructing municipal energy and water supply infrastructure. In 2011 the formerly independent association for waste management and city cleaning (VKS – Verband kommunale Abfallwirtschaft und Stadtreinigung) became a department of VKU.

## The Association today

In 2019, the VKU had a total of 1484 member companies with a combined annual turnover of around 118 billion euros and around 268.000 employees. Their combined market shares in their areas of activity amounted to 61% for electricity, 66.7% for natural gas, 86.4% for drinking water, 70.2% for heat supply and 43.8% for wastewater disposal in 2019. Per day, the VKUs members dispose of 31.500 tons of municipal waste, making them decisive contributors to Germany's recycling quota of 68%, which is the highest among European Union member states. In addition, they supply over 6 million customers with broadband infrastructure.
The association itself is structured according to its member companies' fields of activity: The VKU has dedicated departments for energy, water and wastewater and telecommunications as well as waste collection, treatment and city cleaning. The core activity of the VKU concerns informing and influencing the legislative process by issuing press statements, formulating common positions for its members and advocating them towards decision-makers.
In 2007, the association moved its headquarters from Cologne to Berlin. In addition to its headquarters, the VKU operates country-level branches all over Germany as well as an office in Brussels. Since January 2016, the head mayor of Mainz, Michael Ebling, is President of the VKU. The operative business of the VKU is run by its managing director Ingbert Liebling, who was appointed in April 2020.

## VKU members in numbers

| Annual turnover: | 116.2 bn. € |
| Number of employees: | 268.123 |
| Annual investment | 10 bn. € |
Source: VKU
# Iphiculidae

Iphiculidae is a family of crabs belonging to the order Decapoda.
Genera:
* Iphiculus Adams & White, 1849
* Pariphiculus Alcock, 1896
# Izanami (genus)

Izanami is a genus of crabs in the family Matutidae, containing the following species:
* Izanami curtispina (Sakai, 1961)
* Izanami reticulata Müller & Galil, 1998