OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Absalom Koiner

Absalom Koiner (August 5, 1824 – December 31, 1920) was an American lawyer, soldier and politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates and Virginia Senate.
During the American Civil War, Koiner served as an officer in the 5th Virginia Infantry Regiment, part of the famed Stonewall Brigade of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. He is listed as Captain of Company H, the "Augusta Rifles," when the regiment was created on May 7th, 1861. Koiner was promoted to Major on September 11, 1861.
# Steven Bellamy

Steven John Bellamy (born 12 June 1950, in Sheffield, England) is a British martial artist, author, and lecturer.

## Biography

Steve Bellamy practiced judo and boxing at school. He began studying karate in the early sixties, crediting the book Karate the Art of Empty Hand Fighting by Nishiyama and Brown as his inspirational source. His first formal lessons were in the Wadō-ryū style under Masafumi Shiomitsu later changing to Goju-ryu style under Brian Waites.
In the late sixties and seventies he won numerous national, European, and world titles in karate. He was a British All-Styles Karate Team member from 1970 to 1973. During 1974 to 1977, he won several full contact and kick-boxing titles in Japan and in the USA. He has lived and trained in Japan for more than 40 years.
In addition to instructor ranks in karate, jūdō and aikidō, he holds advanced teaching licenses in several classical martial arts of Japan, notably Shindō Muso-ryū Jodō, Musō Shinden ryū Iaido, and Kasumi Shindō-ryū Kenjutsu
He is a member of the Kansai Japanese language council (関西国語審議会) and has passed both the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (日本語能力試験) and the Japanese foreign service translators examination at level 1 (the highest).
He was made a freeman of the City of Sheffield in 1992.
In 1998 he was awarded a master's degree in Advanced Japanese Studies.
In July 2009 he was appointed to the Nihon Jodo Association (日本杖道協会) Board of Directors.
In September 2010 he was appointed to the All Japan Iaido Federation (全日本居合道連盟) Board of Examiners.
On 24 March 2013 he received 8th Dan and the title Shihan in Japanese calligraphy (Shodo)
On 12 June 2016 he was promoted to 9th dan Okinawan Goju Karate
On 12 June 2020 he was promoted to 10th dan Okinawan Goju Karate

## Training History

Steve Bellamy studied karate under:
* Tatsuo Suzuki and Masafumi Shiomitsu in Wadō-ryū
* Brian Waites, Steve Morris and Gary Spiers in the Gōjū Kai
* Morio Higaonna, Ei'ichi Miyazato and Koshin Iha in Okinawan Gōjū
* Kickboxing and Full Contact under Jeff Smith and Bill 'Superfoot' Wallace
* Wing Chun under Joseph Cheng (UK) and Leung Sheung (HK)
* His teacher and mentor in Japanese classical martial arts and in Japanese calligraphy for many years was Ichitaro Kuroda.

## Writings

* Traffic jams cause rain (1997)
* Sanchin: Your kata is killing you (2002)
* Kihon: Wasted time, wasted energy. What you don't do will make you better (2004)
* Fight Right (2005)
* Between two trees. The Shindo Muso Ryu of Kuroda Ichitaro (2006)

## Publications

* Menkyo : Principles and practice of classical Japanese arts, in English, Sanshidō Publishing, Tokyo (2007)
* 一角流教程 (Ikkaku Ryu Kyōtei) Training curriculum of the Ikkaku Ryu, in Japanese, Sanshidō Publishing, Tokyo (2008)

## Other notes

* Bellamy is an Ashtanga Yoga, TM meditation, and Neuro-linguistic programming instructor.
* Bellamy is an Iaido and Jōdō Instructor at the Kaori-jiku Kobudo Dojo in Osaka, Japan.
# Esene Faimalo

Esene Faimalo (born 11 October 1966) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s, who represented both Western Samoa and New Zealand at international level.

## Playing career

In 1985 Faimalo came second in the New Zealand boxing Heavyweight tournament and also made the Junior Kiwis while playing for the Linwood club. Faimalo represented Western Samoa at the 1986 Pacific Cup.
A Canterbury representative from the Addington club, Faimalo also represented the New Zealand national rugby league team between 1988 and 1991, playing in five test matches. Faimalo spent 1989 with the Balmain Tigers as part of the New Zealand Rugby League's "Rookie Scheme".
In 1990 he moved to England, signing with the Widnes Vikings. He played for the club for four seasons, making 111 appearances and scoring 11 tries, before signing with the Leeds Rhinos in 1994, where he scored seven tries in 54 appearances. He joined the Salford City Reds during 1996's Super League I season, playing with the club for three years. He returned to Widnes in 2000, making a further five appearances before retiring.
In 2010 Faimalo entered the boxing ring in a charity bout to raise money for the Steve Prescott Foundation.

## Genealogical information

Esene Faimalo is the brother of the rugby league footballer Joe Faimalo.
# Gerolamo Ragazzoni

Gerolamo Ragazzoni or Gerolamo Regazzoni (1537 – 5 March 1592) was an Italian Renaissance humanist and Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Bergamo (1577–1592), Apostolic Nuncio to France (1583–1586), Bishop of Novara (1576–1577), Apostolic Administrator of Kisamos (1572–1576), Coadjutor Bishop of Famagusta (1561), and Titular Bishop of Nazianzus (1561).

## Biography

Gerolamo Ragazzoni was born in Venice, Italy in 1537. On 15 January 1561, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Pius IV as Titular Bishop of Nazianzus and Coadjutor Bishop of Famagusta. On 10 December 1572, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Apostolic Administrator of Kisamos after the Ottoman conquest of Cyprus in 1570. On 19 September 1576, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Novara. On 19 July 1577, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Bergamo. In 1583, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Apostolic Nuncio to France. In 1586, he resigned as Apostolic Nuncio to France. He served as Bishop of Bergamo until his death on 5 March 1592.

## Works

* Ragazzoni, Gerolamo (1555). In epistolas Ciceronis familiares commentarius: in quo breuissime, quo quaeque earum ordine scripta sit, ex ipsa potissimum historia demonstratur (in Latin). Venetiis: apud Paulum Manutium Aldi F. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
* Ragazzoni, Gerolamo (1556). Le Filippiche di Marco T. Cicerone contra Marco Antonio, fatte volgari (in Italian). Venezia: Paolo Manuzio. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
* Ragazzoni, Gerolamo (1563). Oratio habita in sessione nona, et ultima, sacri Concilii Tridentini (in Latin). Brixiae: ad instantiam Io. Baptistae Bozole. Retrieved 5 July 2019.

## Episcopal succession

While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of:
* François de La Rochefoucauld, Bishop of Clermont (1585);
* Guillaume Rose, Bishop of Senlis (1584);
and the principal co-consecrator of:
* Alessandro Maria Sauli, Bishop of Aleria (1570),
* Giovanni Fontana, Coadjutor Bishop of Ferrara (1589
* Alberto Valier, Titular Bishop of Famagusta and Coadjutor Bishop of Verona (1591).
# Pierre Collin

Pierre Collin (July 18, 1938 – July 27, 2023) was a Canadian actor and stage director. He is most noted for his performance in the 2003 film Seducing Doctor Lewis (La Grande Séduction), for which he won the Jutra Award for Best Supporting Actor at the 6th Jutra Awards in 2004.
Collin began his career in the 1960s with the avant garde theatre troupe Les Apprentis-Sorciers.
Collin died on July 27, 2023, at the age of 85.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1994 | Si belles | Lynne's Father |
| 1999 | Post Mortem | Lieutenant Bélanger |
| 2000 | Maelström | Priest |
| 2001 | Karmina 2 | The Baron |
| 2003 | Seducing Doctor Lewis (La Grande Séduction) | Yvon Brunet |
| 2003 | How My Mother Gave Birth to Me During Menopause (Comment ma mère accoucha de moi durant sa ménopause) | Rocco |
| 2004 | Bittersweet Memories (Ma vie en cinémascope) | Doctor |
| 2004 | Dans une galaxie près de chez vous | Le Devin / Heul Savè |
| 2004 | L'Espérance | Arsène |
| 2005 | The Outlander | Pierre-Côme Provençal |
| 2005 | Niagara Motel | Claude |
| 2005 | Aurore | Gédéon Gagnon |
| 2005 | The Novena (La Neuvaine) | Father Confessor |
| 2005 | Saint Martyrs of the Damned (Saints-Martyrs-des-Damnés) | Raoul Bosh |
| 2006 | Family History (Histoire de famille) | Donatien Boileau |
| 2006 | Deliver Me (Délivrez-moi) | Monsieur Déry |
| 2006 | In the Cities (Dans les villes) | |
| 2007 | La lâcheté | Vieux Gravel |
| 2009 | Father and Guns (De père en flic) | Père Grano / Antoine |
| 2010 | Route 132 | Guy Lévesque |
| 2011 | A Sense of Humour (Le sens de l'humour) | Père Gendron |
| 2012 | Columbarium | Marcel |
| 2012 | Ésimésac | Lorenzo Deziel |
| 2014 | Henri Henri | Noé |
| 2015 | Ego Trip | Jean Morin |
| 2019 | And the Birds Rained Down (Il pleuvait des oiseaux) | Dead Husband |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1988 | Onzième spéciale | Marc-André |
| 1991 | Archibald | Inspector |
| 1992 | Scoop | Vice-President des Castors |
| 1993 | Les grands procès | Monsieur Pitre |
| 1994 | The Wizard | Ernest |
| 1996 | Omertà | P.E. Langlois |
| 1996 | Virginie | Richard Bellefeuille |
| 1997 | Radio Enfer | Antoine "Coton" Morisseau |
| 1997 | L'enfant des Appalaches | Lucien |
| 1998 | Réseaux | Jacques Rancourt |
| 2001 | Fred-dy | Maurice |
| 2001 | La vie, la vie | Monsieur Gendron |
| 2004 | Les Bougon | Gérant |
| 2004 | Rumeurs | Esther's Father |
| 2005 | Le négociateur | Marcel Corbo |
| 2006 | François en série | Normand |
| 2006 | Vice caché | |
| 2006 | René Lévesque | Detective Lebrun |
| 2006 | Caméra Café | Lucien |
| 2012-2013 | Unité 9 | Yvon Lamontagne |
| 2012-2014 | Toute la vérité | Claude Lavergne |
| 2015-2017 | Les beaux malaises | Old Man |
| 2015-2019 | Madame Lebrun | Adélard Lebrun |
| 2017 | Victor Lessard | Claude Côté |
# 58th Takavar Division of Shahroud

58 Zolfaghar Commando Division, Shahroud (Persian: لشکر تکاور ۵۸ ذوالفقار شاهرود) is a Takavar (commando) division of the Ground Forces of Islamic Republic of Iran Army based in Shahroud, Semnan province.
The founder and the first commander of the brigade was Yaghoub Aliyari.
# Ahmed Mohamoud Gunle

Ahmed Mohamoud Gunle or Ahmad Mahmud Gunle (Somali: Axmed Maxamuud Guunle,Arabic: احمد محمود جونلي) is a Somali politician who served as Vice President of Puntland under Jama Ali Jama from November 14, 2001, to May 8, 2002. The period of his vice presidency was disputed with Mohamed Abdi Hashi after being spoiled by the Puntland Crisis (2001–2002), which began after former president Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed rejected Gunle and his president Jama election. In May 2002, he was forcibly deposed by Ethiopian troops seeking to install his political rival president.
# Abdolreza Sheykholeslami

Abdolreza Sheykholeslami (Persian: عبدالرضا شیخ‌الاسلامی) is an Iranian politician who is the former Minister of Cooperatives, Labour and Social Welfare. Before that, he was the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs in the second cabinet of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad from 2009 to 2011. He was dismissed from office on 3 February 2013, being the ninth minister to be fired during the second term of president Mahmoud Ahmedinejad since 2009.

## Early life and education

Sheykholeslam was born on 1 January 1967 in Nowshahr, Mazandaran province. He was graduated from Iran University of Science and Technology in 1993, receiving a bachelor's degree in urban engineering. In 1995, he obtained a master's degree. He also holds a PhD in urban engineering, which he received from Iran University of Science and Technology in 2006.

## Career

Sheykholeslam was a university teacher until 1997. He was appointed as deputy governor of Hormozgan province in 1997 after Ali Nazari became governor. In March 2001, Nazari was resigned from office and Sheykholeslam was appointed by Mohammad Khatami as governor. He was in office until August 2005 after Mahmoud Ahmadinejad appointed him as the head of presidential center. On 6 August 2009, he was nominated as minister of labour and social affairs by Ahmadinejad and was confirmed by Parliament with an absolute majority. On 26 July 2011, he was nominated as minister of cooperatives, labour and social welfare after three ministries were merged and was confirmed by the Parliament on 3 August 2011. He was resigned on 3 February 2013 after parliament given a vote of no confidence to him. 192 of 272 parliament members voted in favour of the impeachment of Sheykholeslam in the parliament. Asadollah Abbasi replaced him as acting minister.
# Ruben Aharonyan

Ruben Mikaeli Aharonyan (born 24 May 1947) is an Armenian classical violinist. Born in Riga, Latvia, He has won second prize at the Enescu Competition in Bucharest and the Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow (1974, second prize). He is a professor at Yerevan State Conservatory and the first violinist of the Borodin Quartet since 1996.
Aharonyan studied at the Moscow State Conservatory with Yuri Yankelevich, and afterwards became a student of Leonid Kogan. In 1982 Aharonyan became the artistic director of National Chamber Orchestra of Armenia. He has toured throughout Europe, North, and South America.

## Awards

* People's Artist of Armenia (1980)
* State Prize of Armenia (1988)
* State Prize of Russia (2001)

## Books

* (in Russian) И. Л. Золотова. Рубен Агаронян. — Ереван: Советакан грох, 1989. — 148 стр.
# Charles Rood Keeran

Charles Rood Keeran (April 16, 1883 - June 9, 1948) was an Illinois inventor and businessman.

## Biography

He was born on April 16, 1883, on a farm near Bloomington, Illinois. Having an inventive father, William Lee Keeran, C.R. Keeran grew up with a creative spirit. After achieving a master's degree in engineering, he soon began patenting his ideas (circa 1906) which continued throughout his lifetime:
Keeran's 2-piece vacuum seal for Mason jars, which became the standard for home-canning, was immediately popular. However, he sold off his company, White Crown Fruit Jar, in order to finance his favorite invention: the Eversharp mechanical pencil. Around 1914, Keeran invented the basic mechanism for the Eversharp, thought up the "Eversharp" trademark (inspired by the Winchester Rifle logo), and set up a company to make and sell Eversharp pencils. He relocated to Evanston, Illinois, and entered into a business alliance with the Wahl Adding Machine Company in Chicago. Wahl officers obtained a majority share in the Eversharp Pencil Company and, in 1917, forced Keeran out of the company.
In 1919, Keeran registered the "Autopoint" trademark. In 1921, Keeran joined three businessmen in the Realite Pencil Company. Keeran brought the Autopoint name with him. Within a few years the company was renamed, the Autopoint Company.
Keeran felt that his invention and suggestions during his association with Wahl were the basis of their prosperity. For years, he fought a battle to get just compensation from the Wahl Company. He got no satisfaction.
He died on June 9, 1948, in Chicago, Illinois.

## Patents

* U.S. patent 877,435 New and useful Improvements in Detachable Spouts
* U.S. patent 925,345 New and useful Improvements in Switch and Detector-Bar Throwing Mechanism
* U.S. patent 1,111,905 Certain New and useful Improvements in Weapons
* U.S. patent 973,512 Certain New and useful Improvements in Receptacle-Closures and #1130611, #1167306, #1180929, #1207560, and #1226532
* U.S. patent 1,130,741 New and useful Improvements in Lead-Pencils and #1151016, and #1153115
# The Breaking of the Storm

The Breaking of the Storm (German: Sturmflut) is an 1877 novel by the German writer Friedrich Spielhagen. It is set in the world of German business and follows the flexible middle-class man Reinhold Schmidt as he navigates the contradictions and hazards of the recently unified Germany. The novel is divided into six books and was originally published by Staackmann [de] in three volumes.
The novel deals with themes related to German unification and the tensions between an older generation attached to the liberalism of the 1848 revolutions, represented by Reinhold's uncle, and a younger generation that embraces the Realpolitik of Otto von Bismarck, regarded by the protagonist as a uniquely German fusion of realism and idealism. The title creates a parallel between the 1872 Baltic Sea flood and the 1873 stock market crash. The literary scholar Jeffrey L. Sammons called the book "the major fictional treatment of the financial crash of the 1870s as a harbringer of the predatory but erratic capitalism that was to become characteristic of the Reich".
# Man catcher

A man catcher, also known as catchpole, is a type of polearm.

## History

It was used in Europe as late as the 18th century. The European design consisted of a pole mounted with a two pronged head. Each prong was semi-circular in shape with a spring-loaded "door" on the front. This created an effective valve that would allow the ring to pass around a man-sized cylinder and keep it trapped. The man catcher was used primarily to pull a person from horseback and drag him to the ground where he could be helplessly pinned. This is one of the few examples of less-lethal polearms.
The design assumes that the captured person wears armor to protect him against the metal prongs, which could easily hurt the neck of a person without armor. The man catcher was also used to trap and contain violent prisoners.
Similarly, the Japanese sodegarami, tsukubō, and sasumata were used by Edo-era law enforcement for apprehending suspects. However, the sasumata was most like a man catcher in usage as its forked head was designed to pin the suspect's neck, legs, arms, or joints against a wall or the ground.

## Modern variants
### Japan

While other man catchers are no longer in use, the sasumata (described above) currently has modern variants that are semi-flexible, with padding, blunt endpoints, and other slightly modified geometry, designed to significantly reduce the chance of injury to restrained civilians. These variants are designed for use by non-soldiers—specifically, they are intended for use by a Japanese riot police mounted on horseback. In such a case, the mounted riot police would typically be arranged in formation line abreast, and would use a row of raised sasumata to hold back large crowds. These mounted riot police answer to the Japanese National Police Agency. Since the outbreak of serious riots is uncommon in Japan, the modern sasumata is rarely used. Nevertheless, the necessary training is kept up to date.

### China

A type of locking man catcher is available for staff at train stations and airports in China to capture and restrain individuals in a non-lethal manner.
In some junior and middle schools, security guards are equipped with non-locking variants designed to seize a person's waist or prevent them from advancing. It is essentially a two-pronged fork, a U-shape projecting from a pole.

### India and Nepal

During the COVID-19 pandemic in India, police in Chandigarh implemented a mechanical device resembling a man catcher in order to capture suspects while maintaining a safe social distance. It was created to be used on a person's waistline. They called it a "social distancing clamp" or a "lockdown-breaker catcher". It was based on an idea from police in Nepal, where officers have reportedly detained over 1,400 suspects using a similar "multifunctional arrest device". Mancatchers were also used for other purposes such as pulling dead bodies out of the water. The main difference between the designs is that those used in India expand the size of the clamp depending on the person's waistline.
# Tancerev Mykola Olegovich

Mykola Tantserev (born 31 July 1997, Kherson) is a Ukrainian athlete, academic rower, two-time world champion.
He was born on 31 July 1997 in the city of Kherson.

## Early years

After receiving a basic secondary education, he entered the Kherson Higher School of Physical Culture at the athletics department. Took part in all-Ukrainian competitions and refereeing.
Due to a sports injury, surgery and long rehabilitation, he was forced to leave this sport.

## The beginning of a career in rowing

In 2017, he entered Kherson State University at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, where he actively participated in the student life of the university and the city.
In the same year, Valentin Vasyliovych Naumenko invited him to attend academic rowing classes as a coxswain.

## Sports achievements

In 2018, he won his first championship of Ukraine as part of the swing eight under the leadership of coach Oleksandr Bakarasev.
In 2019, he received the title of Master of Sports of Ukraine.

## Subsequent years

In 2021, he won two gold medals at the championship as part of four doubles, in coastal rowing, women's (Oksana Golub, Daryna Verkhoglyad, Olena Buryak, Yevhenia Dovhodko) and men's crews (Maxim Boklazhenko, Dmytro Mikhai, Oleksandr Nadtoka, Ivan Dovhodko) of the world in Lisbon, Portugal.
He became a member of the Olympic team of academic rowing of Ukraine.
In 2021, he entered the Kherson National Technical University, majoring in public administration and administration.
After 24 February 2022, he participated in the resistance against the Russian invasion in Kherson.
In the middle of 2022, he was forced to migrate to the EU for reasons of his own security.
# Richard Crawford White

Richard Crawford White (April 29, 1923 – February 18, 1998) was an American lawyer, World War II veteran, and Democratic politician from El Paso, Texas, who served in the Texas House of Representatives from 1955 to 1959 and in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1983.

## Early life and career

Born in El Paso, Texas, White graduated from Dudley Primary School, El Paso High School, and the Citizens' Military Training Camp at San Antonio, Texas. Subsequently, from 1940 to 1942, he attended the University of Texas at El Paso, then known as Texas Western College.

### World War II

After his second year of college, White began his World War II service from 1942 to 1945 in the United States Marine Corps as a rifleman and Japanese-English interpreter in the Pacific Theater. As a result of injuries suffered, he was awarded the Purple Heart.

## Tenure

He actually received more votes than Johnson did in the 16th District.
During his first term, White represented a monstrous district stretching from El Paso all the way to the Permian Basin—an area of over 42,000 square miles. However, after Texas' congressional map was thrown out in Wesberry v. Sanders, his district was cut down to El Paso and a few inner-ring suburbs. He was reelected eight times from this district with almost no difficulty.
As a U.S. representative, White developed a reputation as a moderate Democrat. White voted in favor the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968. He also chaired the Democratic Research Organization, a group within the party that distributed information from the leadership relevant to pending votes. Having Fort Bliss in the 16th Congressional District made White a natural choice for his place on the House Armed Services Committee. There he chaired the Military Personnel Subcommittee and was also instrumental in reorganization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He also served for a while on the Interior, Post Office & Civil Service, and Science & Technology committees. White was described as a 'cautious conservative'. Choosing not to run again in 1982, White returned to his hometown of El Paso to resume his law practice.

## Personal life

White was married twice. His first marriage in 1949 to Katherine Huffman produced three sons, Rodrick, Richard, and Raymond. After her death in 1972, White married the former Kathleen Fitzgerald in 1973. The second marriage produced one daughter, Bonnie, two sons, Sean and Brian, and one step-son, Kenneth.

## Death and burial

White died on February 18, 1998. He was interred at Arlington National Cemetery, in Arlington, Virginia.
# Gapowo, Kartuzy County

Gapowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stężyca, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) west of Stężyca, 24 km (15 mi) south-west of Kartuzy, and 51 km (32 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.