OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Urach

Urach may refer to:
* Bad Urach, a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
* Urach (Breg), a river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, tributary of the Hammerbach
* Duke of Urach, a title in the Kingdom of Württemberg
* House of Urach, a morganatic cadet branch of the formerly royal House of Württemberg
* Kuno von Urach (Cuno of Praeneste, died 1122), German Cardinal and papal legate, diplomatic figure
* Ludwig I, Count of Württemberg-Urach (1412–1450), Count of Württemberg
* Ludwig II, Count of Württemberg-Urach (1439–1457), Count of Württemberg
* Wilhelm, Duke of Urach (1810–1869), first Head of the House of Urach
* Wilhelm Karl, Duke of Urach (1864–1928), German prince, King of Lithuania, with the regnal name of Mindaugas II
* Princess Elisabeth of Urach (1894–1962), wife of Prince Karl Aloys of Liechtenstein
* Wilhelm von Urach (1897–1957), member of the House of Württemberg, automotive production engineer
* Karl Gero, Duke of Urach (1899–1981), head of the morganatic Urach branch of the House of Württemberg
* Albrecht von Urach (1903–1969), German nobleman, artist and wartime author, journalist, linguist and diplomat
* Wilhelm Albert, Duke of Urach (born 1957), head of the morganatic Urach branch of the House of Württemberg
* Andressa Urach (born 1987), Brazilian model, businesswoman and reality television personality
# Hatuniye Medresesi

Hatuniye Medresseh (Turkish: Hatuniye Medresesi), is a historical medrese in Karaman, Turkey, built in the 14th century. The like-named Hatuniye Külliyesi in Tokat is a century younger, and refers to another woman.

## History

Ottoman Sultan Murat Hüdavendigar's daughter Sultan Hatun, wife of Karamanoğlu Alaattin Bey, ordered the construction in 1382. The architect of the Medrese is Numanoğlu Hoca Ahmed (Hodja Ahmed, son of Numan), according to the kitabe (inscription) of the building.
The building is made of cut stone from around Karaman and the main gate (portal) from marble.

## Gallery

* Hatuniye Medresesi ‘Taşkapı’ (stone gatehouse)
* Hatuniye Medresesi Detail ‘Taşkapı’ (stone gatehouse)
* Hatuniye Medresesi Detail ‘Taşkapı’ (stone gatehouse)
* Hatuniye Medresesi Detail ‘Taşkapı’ (stone gatehouse)
* Hatuniye Medresesi Detail ‘Taşkapı’ (stone gatehouse)
* Hatuniye Medresesi Detail ‘Taşkapı’ (stone gatehouse)
* Hatuniye Medresesi Detail door to one of the cells inside
* Hatuniye Medresesi Detail door to one of the cells inside
* Hatuniye Medresesi Detail door to one of the cells inside
# Longquan Temple (Yunnan)

Longquan Temple (simplified Chinese: 龙泉观; traditional Chinese: 龍泉觀; pinyin: Lóngquán Guàn) is a Taoist temple located in Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan. The temple is renowned for its three ancient trees, namely the plum tree of Tang dynasty (618–907), cypress tree of the Song dynasty (960–1279) and tea of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).

## History

The original temple dates back to the 14th century, during the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). The modern temple was founded by Taoist priest Xu Rixian (Chinese: 徐日暹) in 1394, in the reign of Hongwu Emperor (1368–1398) of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). During the Kangxi era (1662–1722) of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), Fan Chengxun (Chinese: 范承勋), Wang Jiwen (Chinese: 王继文) and Xu Hongxun (Chinese: 许弘勋) renovated the temple. In the Guangxu period (1875–1908), Cen Yuying (Chinese: 岑毓英) and Du Ruilian (Chinese: 杜瑞联) redecorated the temple. In November 1993 it has been designated as a provincial level cultural heritage by the Yunnan Provincial Government.

## Architecture

Now the existing main buildings include the Gate, Hall of the Thunder God, Hall of the Jade Emperor, and Hall of the Three Pure Ones.

## Gallery

* Hall of the Jade Emperor.
* Hall of the Three Pure Ones.
# Isadora Zubillaga

Isadora del Valle Suárez Guevara (born 1968) is a Venezuelan senior advisor, former diplomat and activist for democracy in Venezuela. In 2019 she was appointed by the National Assembly as Venezuela's ambassador to France, and in September of the same year she was appointed as deputy presidential commissioner for Venezuela's foreign relations. She held this position until 5 January 2023.

## Career

Isadora holds a bachelor's degree in economics and political science from Boston University and a master's degree in international relations from the Sorbonne University in Paris. She has worked as coordinator of human rights projects for the Robert F. Kennedy Foundation and international coordinator of NYC2010 under the direction of Michael Bloomberg. Zubillaga also served on the board of directors of the French Alliance of Caracas, is a founding member of the Popular Will opposition party and served as international director of the Chacao mayor's office under the administration of Leopoldo López.
Since the arrest of Leopoldo López in 2014, Zubillaga and her family have been subjected to "systematic denunciations by the government of Nicolás Maduro and harassment in the state-controlled media". Isadora moved to Spain after suffering an express kidnapping and has been living in Europe since 2014. On 21 July 2017, when her passport was about to expire and "with null chances of being renewed," the Spanish Council of Ministers decided to grant her Spanish nationality.
She has been an international advisor to Leopoldo López; as of 2021, she was director of the foundation Código Venezuela, a non-governmental organization dedicated to supporting the Venezuelan diaspora. She has also chaired the Association for Freedom and Democracy in Venezuela.
During the Venezuelan presidential crisis, on 19 February 2019, she was appointed by the National Assembly as Venezuela's ambassador to France and was subsequently appointed as deputy presidential commissioner for Venezuela's foreign relations in September 2019.
# George W. Lindsay

George Washington Lindsay (March 28, 1865 – March 15, 1938) was an American businessman and politician who served six terms as a United States representative from New York from 1923 to 1935. He was the son of George Henry Lindsay, who was also a U.S. Representative.

## Biography

He was born in Brooklyn on March 28, 1865, to George Henry Lindsay. He attended the public schools, was deputy coroner of Kings County, New York from 1886 to 1892 (during which time his father was coroner) and engaged in the real estate business. He was a member of the Democratic State committee and served as leader of the assembly district from 1919 to 1934.
He was appointed as a confidential investigator in the State Insurance Department in 1914 and served until 1919. He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Kings Co., 13th D.) in 1920. He was deputy tenement-house commissioner for Brooklyn and Queens from 1921 to 1923.

### Congress

Lindsay was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-eighth and to the five succeeding Congresses, holding office from March 4, 1923 to January 3, 1935. He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1934 and resumed the real estate business.

### Death

In 1938, he died in Brooklyn; interment was in Cemetery of the Evergreens.
# Bird J. Vincent

Bird J. Vincent (March 6, 1880 – July 18, 1931) was a soldier and politician from the U.S. state of Michigan.

## Early life

Vincent was born in Brandon Township near Clarkston, Michigan.

## Education

Vincent attended the public schools of Oakland and Midland Counties and Ferris Institute (now Ferris State University) in Mecosta County. He graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1905, and was admitted to the bar the same year, and commenced practice in Saginaw.

## Career

He served as assistant prosecuting attorney of Saginaw County from 1909 to 1914 and prosecuting attorney from 1915 to 1917. In 1917, Vincent resigned to enter the Army. During World War I, he served ten months in France as a first lieutenant of the Sixth Train Headquarters and in the Three Hundred and Second Train Headquarters. After the war, he served as city attorney of Saginaw from 1919 to 1923. In 1922, Vincent was elected as a Republican from Michigan's 8th congressional district to the 68th Congress, and subsequently re-elected to the four succeeding Congressional terms, serving from March 4, 1923 until his death in 1931. He was chairman of the Committee on Elections No. 2 in the 69th and 71st Congresses.

## Death

Vincent died of heart disease, in office, while en route to San Francisco from Honolulu, Hawaii on board the transport USS Henderson. He interred in Forest Lawn Cemetery, Saginaw, Michigan.
# Michael Hutchinson Jenks

Michael Hutchinson Jenks (May 21, 1795 – October 16, 1867) was a Whig member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

## Biography

Michael H. Jenks was born at Bridgetown Mills, Pennsylvania, near Middletown, Pennsylvania. He served as commissioner of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, from 1830 to 1833, and treasurer from 1833 to 1835. He moved to Newtown, Pennsylvania, in 1837, and served as associate judge of the court of common pleas of Bucks County from 1838 to 1843.
Jenks was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1844. He was engaged in the real estate business and as general business agent from 1845 to 1865, and served as chief burgess of Newtown from 1848 to 1853.
Jenks was married to Mary Ridgeway. His daughter, Anna Earl Jenks, was married to Alexander Ramsey, first territorial governor of Minnesota and second governor of the state of Minnesota. Ramsey served in the 28th congress with Jenks, and it was during a visit to Washington that Anna met her future husband.
He died in Newtown in 1867. Interment in the Newtown Friends Meetinghouse Cemetery.
# Panjapatti Assembly constituency

Panjapatti is a former constituency of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu, a southern state of India. It was in Karur district and it was also part of Karur Lok Sabha constituency.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Winner | Party | Party |
| 1962 | K. Karunagari Muthiah | | Indian National Congress |
| 1957 | K. Karunagari Muthiah | | Indian National Congress |

## Election results

Vote share of winning candidates :
| 1962 | 1962 | 56.27% | 56.27% |
| 1957 | 1957 | 54.50% | 54.50% |

### 1962

1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election: Panjapatti :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | K. Karunagari Muthiah | 25,520 | 56.27% | 1.76% |
| | DMK | A. S. Ganapathy | 15,416 | 33.99% | |
| | SWA | P. Krishnaswamy | 2,825 | 6.23% | |
| | Independent | T. M. Andivappan | 967 | 2.13% | |
| | Independent | K. V. Karupasami | 628 | 1.38% | |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 10,104 | 22.28% | 4.07% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 45,356 | 57.09% | 8.85% |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 84,244 | | |
| | INC hold | INC hold | Swing | 1.76% | |

### 1957

1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election: Panjapatti :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | K. Karunagari Muthiah | 20,799 | 54.50% | |
| | Independent | P. Poonambala Gounder | 13,852 | 36.30% | |
| | Independent | V. S. M. Abdulla Rowther | 3,510 | 9.20% | |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 6,947 | 18.20% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 38,161 | 48.23% | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 79,117 | | |
| | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) |
# Marie Curie's Blooming Great Tea Party

The Blooming Great Tea Party was started in 2008 by the Marie Curie charity. It's the charity's second biggest annual fundraising campaign, only beaten by its Great Daffodil Appeal.
The Blooming Great Tea Party takes place every year in the spring or summer. Members of the public host a tea party in their house, garden, or other suitable location. Based on the tea parties of Victorian and Edwardian Britain, hosts prepare classic tea accompaniments like cucumber or tomatoes sandwiches, cake slices, biscuits and scones. Marie Curie also prepares and distributes other recipes.

## History

The first Blooming Great Tea Party was held in 2008. Unusually, instead of beginning in a single location, parties happened across the community fundraising areas of Marie Curie. Over the years, tea parties have spread to even more areas across the UK, with around 5,000 parties hosted annually.

## Key facts

For 2015, Marie Curie is hoping that 6,000 parties will be hosted and, since the parties began in 2008, they have raised over £4 million for the charity.
Many celebrities have supported the event, and for 2015 the campaign is being supported by Mel Giedroyc, just as it was in 2014.

## Notable Blooming Great Tea Parties

On 25 May 2011 at the Park Club, Acton held an underwater Blooming Great Tea Party. The large pool that held the party was attended by a number of celebrity guests. Diners included Louis Theroux, Adrian Chiles, Zoë Tyler, Nina Wadia and Aaron Renfree. They were joined by over 80 guests in ‘Mad Hatter’ fancy dress. Rebecca Adlington opened the event, which featured a special menu prepared for the unique surroundings of caramelized cucumber sandwiches, ice cubed fairy cake, and English breakfast tea-flavoured gel.
The cast of Downton Abbey has also taken part in the campaign. On 29 May 2012, stars such as Cara Theobold and Matt Milne held a party on the set. Jim Carter, played by Butler Charles Carson said "What could be more Downton Abbey than a good British tea party? We rather enjoyed having a break from serving the Earl and Countess of Grantham!"

## Celebrity supporters

* Mel Giedroyc, English presenter, actress and comedian
* Louis Theroux, British documentary filmmaker and broadcaster
* Adrian Chiles, British television and radio presenter
* Zoë Tyler, English voice coach, cruise ship singer, performer and reality television show judge
* Nina Wadia, Indian-born British actress, best known for playing Zainab Masood in the BBC soap opera EastEnders.
* Aaron Renfree, oldest member of S Club 8
* Rebecca Adlington, retired English freestyle swimmer
* Cara Theobold, English actress
* Matt Milne, English actor
* Jane Asher, English actress
* The Saturdays, English - Irish girl group
* Jane Horrocks, English stage, screen and television actress, voice artist, musician and singer.
* Victoria Wood, English comedian, actor, singer-songwriter, screenwriter and director
* Downton Abbey, British period drama television series
* James Martin, British celebrity chef
* Gordon Ramsay, British celebrity chef
* Ainsley Harriott, British celebrity chef
# Robert E. Grant (politician)

Robert E. Grant (September 26, 1825 – July 17, 1888) was a Virginia farmer and dentist who represented Washington County for one term in the Virginia House of Delegates and later at the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861. During the American Civil War, he recruited a company of the 37th Virginia Infantry, but failed to win re-election as captain, and ultimately moved to Texas in 1872 and re-established his practice.

## Early life and career

The first child born to farmer James Grant (1800–1886?) and his wife Elizabeth (1805 – before 1890), Robert E. Grant had three younger brothers and four younger sisters. Although neither he nor his father owned slaves in 1850, by 1860 in addition to employing a 27-year-old free black farm laborer, Grant owned a 40-year-old enslaved black man, and 24- and 12-year-old enslaved black females.
Grant married Ann Long Snodgrass on December 15, 1850, and they had nearly a dozen children, although several failed to reach adulthood.

## Career

In 1857, Washington County voters elected Grant to the Virginia House of Delegates.$^{:467}$ Although he failed to win re-election, Washington County voters elected him and fellow Unionist John Arthur Campbell as their delegates to the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861, defeating pro-secessionists William Y.C. White and Ben Rush Floyd.$^{:512}$$^{:477}$ Grant initially supported Union, but either left or changed his vote at the end to support secession.
After Virginia's voters also ratified secession, and Confederate troops won at the First Battle of Manassas in July 1861, Grant recruited the King's Mountain Rifles in Abingdon and accepted a commission as its captain. His unit became Company H of the 37th Virginia Infantry, commanded by former judge Samuel V. Fulkerson.$^{:517}$ Capt. Grant served for less than a year in the unit, including during General Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign and the First Battle of Kernstown. His unit refused to re-elect him during the April 1862 reorganization, instead promoting Sergeant William F. Duff to captain of Company H.$^{:30,115}$

## Final years, death and legacy

Grant moved his family to Austin, Texas in 1872.$^{:783}$ Virginia farmers had endured two seasons of terrible crops, and by 1880 his parents had also moved to Abbeville County, South Carolina to live with his sister and a grandson. Grant prospered financially in Texas, but died in Austin on July 17, 1888, survived for nearly two decades by his widow, as well as several children. He is buried at Austin's Oakwood Cemetery.
# Joseph J. Gravely

Joseph Jackson Gravely (September 25, 1828 – April 28, 1872) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer and teacher from Virginia and Missouri.

## Biography

Born near Leatherwood, Henry County, Virginia, Gravely attended public schools as a child, engaged in agricultural pursuits and taught school. He studied law and was admitted to the bar, commencing practice in Virginia. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates in 1853 and 1854, moved to Missouri in 1854 and was a delegate to the Missouri Constitutional Convention in 1860. During the Civil War, Gravely served as colonel of the 8th Missouri State Militia Cavalry Regiment in the Union Army and was a member of the Missouri Senate in 1862 and 1864. He was elected a Republican to the United States House of Representatives in 1866, serving from 1867 to 1869, and was elected the 15th Lieutenant Governor of Missouri in 1870 serving under Governor B. Gratz Brown, serving from 1871 until his death in Stockton, Missouri on April 28, 1872. He was interred in Lindley Prairie Cemetery near Bear Creek, Missouri.
# Eric Nkansah

Eric Nkansah Appiah (born December 12, 1974) is a Ghanaian athlete specializing in the 100 metres.
He is one of the current national record holders in 4 x 100 m relay with 38,12 seconds, achieved at the 1997 World Championships in Athens where the Ghanaian team finished fifth in the final.
Participating in the 2004 Summer Olympics, he achieved sixth place in his 100 metres heat, thus missing out on a placing in Round 2 of the event. He won a bronze medal at the 2006 African Championships
His personal best time is 10.00 seconds, first achieved in June 1999 in Nuremberg. The Ghanaian record currently belongs to Leonard Myles-Mills with 9.98 seconds.
# Samuel Watts (Virginian)

Samuel Watts (November 28, 1799 – May 17, 1878) was a nineteenth-century American politician from Virginia.

## Early life

Watts was born in Portsmouth, Virginia.

## Career

As an adult, Watts lived in Norfolk County, Virginia (now Chesapeake) and practiced law there. He was elected to the House of Delegates almost continuously from 1833 to 1850. There he established himself as a noted parliamentarian. Watts was an ardent Whig, and was chosen a delegate to the Whig National Conventions of 1844, 1848, 1852, 1856 and 1860.
In 1850, Watts was elected to the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850. He was one of four delegates elected from the southeastern delegate district made up of his home district of Norfolk County, Norfolk City and Princess Anne County.
A conditional Unionist, Watts declined nomination to the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861. During the American Civil War, he served briefly as an aide de camp to Major General Walter Grogan beginning in April 1861, but he resigned because of advanced age.
Following the Civil War, Watts served on the Board of Visitors at the University of Virginia, and was re-elected to the General Assembly from Norfolk County for the term in 1871–1872 following the Constitution of 1870.

## Death

Samuel Watts died on May 17, 1878, in Norfolk County, Virginia.
# William B. Zinn

William B. Zinn (December 6, 1795 – February 20, 1875) was a nineteenth-century farmer, mill-owner, militia leader and politician, who ultimately freed his slaves and became one of the founders of the State of West Virginia.

## Early life

Born on December 6, 1795, in what was then called Gladeville, in Preston County, Virginia (but which became Kingwood, West Virginia, during his lifetime), William Zinn was born to Jacob Zinn (1773–1857) whose father had emigrated from Germany, and his second wife, Sarah "Sallie" (Byrne) Bland, the widow of Thomas Bland. He had three older half-brothers, and two younger brothers: Charles B. Zinn (1797–1863) and Peyton Zinn (1807–1860) and sisters Clara and Permelia Zinn Brown (1804–1886). He married at least twice. From his first wife ___Franklin, he inherited slaves and about $8000 in gold and other property when her parents died. His second wife was Juliet Caroline Franklin Zinn.

## Career

Zinn farmed and operated a mill in Preston County, which the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad reached in the mid-1950s. In the 1850 census Zinn owned 22 slaves. At some time he may have freed most, for in the 1860 census he only owned three slaves, compared to the seven slaves owned by his fellow Unionist, William Gay Brown, Sr. (who had succeeded him in the House of Delegates in 1832). Preston County voters elected Zinn to represent them, part-time, in the Virginia House of Delegates eight times. He also led the local militia, with the rank of Major.
After the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861 voted to secede from the Union over the vehement opposition of Preston County's delegates, Brown and James C. McGrew, Zinn became one of the Preston County leaders who attended the first Wheeling Convention in May 1861. Zinn served as the Convention's chairman beginning on May 13. The Secession Convention expelled Brown and McGrew on June 29, and five Preston County men voting in a Confederate camp on October 24, 1861, elected others to replace them. By contrast, Major Zinn also served as one of Preston County's representatives to the Restored Government at Wheeling, alongside Charles Hooten.

## Postwar career

After the war he served in the West Virginia House of Delegates for a term beginning in 1866 and then was elected to the state Senate and served until 1869. In 1870, Zinn and his wife Julie lived in Rowlesburg, a lumber and mill town that was the second largest in the county, along with two young men who worked on his farm.

## Death

Zinn died in Preston County on February 20, 1875, and is buried in the family cemetery in Arthurdale, West Virginia.
# Emblem of the Commonwealth of Independent States

The emblem of the Commonwealth of Independent States (Russian: Эмблема Содружества Независимых Государств) depicts a yellow sun on a dark blue field, with eight bending poles and one upright pole in the center holding the sun. The dark blue field is encased in a circular white outline, which is itself fringed with a thin blue outline.

## Description

The design (which reflects the one of the flag of the Commonwealth) symbolizes the desire for equal partnership, unity, peace and stability.
# José Álvarez de Paz

José Álvarez de Paz (19 November 1935 in Noceda del Bierzo, León, Spain – 16 February 2021 in Baiona, Pontevedra, Spain) was a Spanish labor lawyer and politician who served as a Deputy and MEP. He was one of the names that were on the blacklists to retaliate if the coup d'état of 1981 had triumphed.