OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lewis S. Owings

Dr. Lewis S. Owings (September 6, 1820 – August 20, 1875) was an American politician, physician, and businessman from Tennessee who served as the 2nd Governor of Arizona Territory (Confederate), in exile, from 1862 to 1865. He had previously served as provisional governor of Arizona Territory from 1860 to 1861.

## Early life

Born in Roane County, Tennessee, Owings went to Yell County, Arkansas and then to Texas, where he helped found the town of Helena, serving as the first postmaster. In 1855, he served in the Texas House of Representatives but was defeated for reelection moving to Mesilla, New Mexico, where he had a mine.

## Political career

In 1860 Owings was chosen as Provisional Governor of "Arizona Territory"—a region including New Mexico and Arizona—in an organization convention at Tucson. The Convention subsequently petitioned the United States Congress for recognition of their government, but the impending conflicts of the American Civil War in the east distracted Washington's attention away from what was then a remote frontier outpost. Owings nevertheless proceeded to carry out the official functions of a de facto governor in the largely unorganized territory and established three militia companies to protect residents from Indian raids and border smugglers.
Owings held the post until August 1, 1861, when the Arizona Territory was formally reorganized by the Confederacy and declared south of the 34th Parallel by Lieutenant Colonel John R. Baylor, who then assumed the governorship. In 1862, following Baylor's ouster and the Confederate retreat from the territory following the Union victory at Glorieta Pass, Owings was again appointed Governor of the territory and held the office in exile in San Antonio until the end of the Civil War.

## Later life

After the American Civil War, Owings went to Kansas briefly and then settled in Denison, Texas, serving briefly as mayor.
# Love U

"Love U" is a song by South Korean singer Chung Ha, serving as the lead single of her third EP, Blooming Blue.

## Composition

The breezy “Love U” is guided by fizzy synths and bright melodies as Chung Ha expresses her desire. “I just wanna, wanna love you,” she croons during the chorus.

## Music video

In the music video for "Love U," Chung Ha is seen reflecting on the passion that she feels and wishing upon falling stars and glowing stones as she dreams of her romance. Much of the song is relayed as the singer spends time looking into the camera, ostensibly acting as the perspective of her beloved, roaming around looking at nature, and performing the song's vibrant, hip-shaking choreography.

## Accolades

Awards and nominations :
| Year | Organization | Category | Result | Ref. |
| 2018 | 3rd Asia Artist Awards | AAA Favorite Award | Won | |
# Paul Irwin

Dr. Paul G. Irwin is the current president and CEO of Elephants in Crisis, former president of the American Bible Society (2005 – June 2008) and former host of American Bible Society Presents. Prior to that, he was president of the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) between 1975 and 2004.
Irwin is an ordained minister of the United Methodist Church and taught for six years at the Boston University School of Theology.

## Controversy

In 1996, the Humane Society of Canada (as an affiliate of HSUS) filed a lawsuit alleging that Irwin and other HSUS officials transferred $1 million from their account to HSUS without authorization. They also alleged HSUS "took its donor list, and overcharged for administrative costs." In January 1997, a Canadian judge ruled in favor of the Humane Society of Canada, writing: "I cannot imagine a more glaring conflict of interest or a more egregious breach of fiduciary duty. It demonstrates an overweening arrogance of a type seldom seen."
Irwin's tenure as president at the American Bible Society (ABS) ended after his contract was not renewed by the organization's trustees. He was placed on paid leave (along with chief financial officer Richard B. Stewart, Jr.) after an article in The New York Times linked him with Richard J. Gordon, a web consultant hired by ABS, who was a convicted felon with ties to online pornography and gambling enterprises. At that time, it was revealed by USA Today that, while president of the Humane Society, Irwin used $85,000 of Humane Society money for renovate a home in Maine in 1987. In April 2003, the Humane Society paid $881,000 to Gordon's Exciting New Technologies (ENT) company; ENT hired Irwin's son (Christopher) as director of business development. As president of ABS, Irwin hired Exciting New Technologies again, paying the company more than $5,000,000 for Web design, e-mail marketing, and digitizing the Bible.

## Works

Losing Paradise: The Growing Threat to Our Animals, Our Environment, and Ourselves (2000) Garden City Park, NY: Square One Publishers, ISBN 0-7570-0003-7.
# William J. Shea

William J. Shea (April 4, 1900 – February 5, 1965) was a justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court from 1959 to 1965.

## Early life, education, and political career

Born on a farm in Vernon, Connecticut, Shea graduated from that city's Rockville High School and then attended Trinity College, in Hartford, Connecticut, and the Catholic University of America, in Washington, D.C. He received his law degree from Catholic University Law School in 1925. and entered the private practice of law in Manchester, Connecticut. In 1933, Shea was elected as a Republican to the position of Manchester town prosecutor. He was elected to a term in the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1937, and then to the Connecticut Senate in 1939.

## Judicial service

In 1940, Governor Robert A. Hurley named Shea to the Connecticut Superior Court, where his docket included the criminal prosecutions following the infamous Hartford circus fire of 1944.
Shea eventually became chief justice of the Connecticut Superior Court, a position he held until 1959, when Governor Abraham Ribicoff elevated Shea to the state supreme court, where Shea served until his death.

## Personal life and death

Shea married Frances Spillane in 1930, with whom he had a daughter and two sons.
Shea died in his home in Manchester, following a lengthy illness.
# Volleyball at the 1986 Asian Games

Volleyball events were contested at the 1986 Asian Games at Hanyang University Gymnasium in Seoul, South Korea from 21 September to 4 October 1986.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men details | China Jiang Jie Ju Genyin Liu Changcheng Lu Cheng Ma Jun Song Jinwei Wang Jiawei Yang Liqun Yu Yiqing Zhang Renjiang Zhao Duo Zuo Yue | South Korea Chang Yoon-chang Choi Cheon-sik Han Jang-sok Kang Doo-tae Kim Ho-chul Lee Chae-on Lee Jong-kyung Moon Yong-kwan Nam Sang-sun No Jin-su Yoo Joong-tak Yang Jin-wung | India Abdul Basith Jimmy George Shaikh Kareemullah Kirtesh Kumar P. V. Ramana Dalel Singh Ror Sandeep Sharma Mehar Singh Sukhpal Singh G. E. Sridharan K. Udayakumar Cyril C. Valloor |
| Women details | China Hou Yuzhu Hu Xiaofeng Jiang Ying Li Yanjun Liang Yan Liu Wei Su Huijuan Wu Dan Yang Xilan Yang Xiaojun Yin Qin Zheng Meizhu | Japan Norie Hiro Tomoe Hongo Naomi Masuko Midori Matsuzawa Keiko Miyajima Kumi Nakada Hiromi Ono Sachiko Otani Kazue Otokozawa Ichiko Sato Shihoko Sato Kazumi Umezu | South Korea Jea Sook-ja Ji Kyung-hee Kim Jeong-sun Kim Kyung-hee Kwak Sun-ok Lee Eun-kyung Lee Myung-hee Lee Un-yim Lee Young-sun Lim Hye-sook Sun Mi-sook Yoo Ae-ja |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | China (CHN) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | South Korea (KOR) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | Japan (JPN) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | India (IND) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (4 entries) | Totals (4 entries) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |

## Final standing
### Men

| Rank | Team | Pld | W | L |
| | China | 8 | 8 | 0 |
| | South Korea | 8 | 7 | 1 |
| | India | 8 | 5 | 3 |
| 4 | Japan | 8 | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | Saudi Arabia | 8 | 5 | 3 |
| 6 | Kuwait | 8 | 5 | 3 |
| 7 | Bahrain | 8 | 3 | 5 |
| 8 | Pakistan | 8 | 3 | 5 |
| 9 | Thailand | 8 | 4 | 4 |
| 10 | Indonesia | 8 | 3 | 5 |
| 11 | Hong Kong | 8 | 1 | 7 |
| 12 | Nepal | 8 | 0 | 8 |

### Women

| Rank | Team | Pld | W | L |
| | China | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| | Japan | 4 | 3 | 1 |
| | South Korea | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| 4 | Thailand | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| 5 | Indonesia | 4 | 0 | 4 |
# Monastery of Saint Paraskevi (Vikos)

The Monastery of Saint Paraskevi is an abandoned monastery situated on the edge of Vikos Gorge, in the region of Zagori (Ioannina regional unit), northwestern Greece. The monastery founded at 1413–1414, consists of a small stone-built chapel, the oldest preserved in Zagori, and offers panoramic views to the gorge.

## Foundation and description

The monastery, named after Saint Paraskevi (Greek: Αγία Παρασκευή Aghia Paraskevi), was founded at 1413–1414. According to an inscription over its gate, the foundation took place when the local ruler of Epirus was Despot Carlo I Tocco. It was built by the inhabitants of the nearby village of Vitsa and with the personal expense of a local lord, the voevoda Michael Therianos. Tradition mentions that Therianos built the monastery as an act of thanksgiving for his daughter's savior suffering from an incurable illness.
The church is a small basilica, with only a nave and a wooden roof, surrounded by the monks' cells. The frescoes of the temple partially date to 15th century. On the northern wall, there is a donor portrait of Therianos, his wife and children. The depictions are indicative of the dressing code of that time. The outfits of the benefactors are luxurious with rich embroidered cloths, broad braids and fringes. His daughter, Theodora, is wearing a white kerchief on her head, which is wrapped around her neck. The wall paintings on the south wall are dated from the relevant inscription around 1689.

## Surroundings

The monastery is built at the edge of a rough rock that stands over the Vikos Gorge. The closest village, Monodendri, is a 15-minute walk away. From the terrace of the chapel, which has been appropriately designed, visitors can safely watch over the gorge.
A number of caves are located in the middle of the rough side of Vikos north and east of the monastery, where hermits and persecuted Christians sought refuge during Ottoman times. Moreover, for the same reason, a number of small dwellings were built around 1816.
# Charlotte Rich, Countess of Warwick

Charlotte Rich, Countess of Warwick (1680 – 1731), formerly Lady Charlotte Myddelton became Charlotte Addison after her second marriage. She was an English noblewoman and the wife of Edward Rich, 6th Earl of Warwick. Her second husband was the satirist Joseph Addison.

## Early Life

Born Charlotte Myddelton, she was the daughter of Sir Thomas Myddelton, 2nd Baronet, of Chirk Castle, and his wife Charlotte Bridgeman (died 1694), herself the daughter of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, 1st Baronet, of Great Lever. She married Edward Rich in February 1697, thus making her Countess of Warick and Holland. He died in 1701. Their only son was Edward Rich, 7th Earl of Warwick (1698–1721).
In 1716, she married Joseph Addison, who shortly afterwards became Secretary of State for the Southern Department. They had one daughter, Charlotte (died 1797), who inherited their home at Bilton Hall. In a biography of Addison, Samuel Johnson claimed that his wife treated him like a slave. Addison died in 1719.
The dowager countess was buried on 12 July 1731, alongside her first husband, at St Mary Abbots, Kensington. A portrait of her by Herman van der Mijn, dating from around 1726, is held by the National Trust at Chirk Castle.
# Bunsik

Bunsik (Korean: 분식) is a generic term used to refer to inexpensive Korean dishes available at bunsikjeom (분식점) or bunsikjip (분식집) snack restaurants. Since the term bunsik literally means "food made from flour," foods such as ramyeon (라면; noodle soup) and bread can be considered bunsik. However, the modern definition of the term also includes other dishes served at bunsik restaurants that can be had in large portions at low prices, such as gimbap, tteokbokki, ramyeon, rabokki (tteokbokki with ramyeon), sundae, eomuk, twigim, and others. One bunsikjip chain is called "Gimbap Cheonguk".

## History

During the 1960s, rice was scarce in South Korea, and the government was prompted to promote bunsik as an alternative. Committees were set up in each region to encourage public organizations, schools, and government offices to lead the movement. Restaurants were guided to use more barley and wheat flour while sales of rice-based foods were banned on certain days of the week. Government run restaurants in official buildings were banned from selling rice dishes altogether. This effort lasted until 1976.
# Snapping (song)

"Snapping" is a song by South Korean singer Chung Ha released on June 24, 2019, by MNH Entertainment, Stone Music Entertainment. The track acts as the title track for her Korean fourth extended play Flourishing, which was released simultaneously with the single. As of February 2021, it has over 75 million views on YouTube and 80 million streams on Spotify. "Snapping" placed first on the music show, Show Champion on July 3, 2019.

## Background and composition

It was announced in June that Chung Ha will be making her third summer comeback. Music and photo teasers were released weeks before the official released of the single.
"Snapping" was written by Park Woo-sang. "Snapping" is a Latin-inspired pop song with an intense, seductive number that diverges from Chung Ha's previous summer singles such as "Love You", a track of "Blooming Blue", dropped in July last year. The lyrics talk about the uncomfortable end of a relationship. Like a magic spell, the snap of a finger is what you need to empty your mind and welcome another new day.

## Music video and promotion

The music video was released alongside the album and song on June 24, 2019. The music video includes a creation of seductive and tantalizing with dynamic choreography and bright block-colored cinematography. It was directed by Rima Yoon and Dongju Jang. "Snapping" had its debut showcase on the day of the release, in Sogang University.

## Accolades

Year-end lists :
| Critic/Publication | List | Rank | Ref. |
| Dazed | The 20 best K-pop songs of 2019 | 10 | |
Awards and nominations :
| Year | Award | Category | Result | Ref. |
| 2020 | Gaon Chart Music Awards | Song of the Year (June) | Nominated | |
Music program awards (6 total) :
| Program | Date |
| Show Champion | July 3, 2019 |
| M Countdown | July 4, 2019 |
| M Countdown | July 18, 2019 |
| Music Bank | July 5, 2019 |
| Show! Music Core | July 6, 2019 |
| Inkigayo | July 7, 2019 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| Various | June 24, 2019 | Digital downloadstreaming | MNH EntertainmentStone Music Entertainment |
# Moses T. Stevens

Moses Tyler Stevens (October 10, 1825 – March 25, 1907) was an American textile manufacturer and a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts.

## Biography

Moses Tyler Stevens was born in North Andover (then a part of Andover), Essex County, Massachusetts on October 10, 1825, the son of textile manufacturer Nathaniel Stevens. He was also the brother of U.S. Representative Charles Abbot Stevens and a cousin of U.S. Representative Isaac Ingalls Stevens.
Stevens attended Franklin Academy, a public school in North Andover. He graduated from Phillips Academy, Andover, in 1842. He attended Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire for one year in 1842 and 1843. Stevens joined his father's woolen goods manufacturing business after leaving college and became a partner in the business in 1850 under the name Nathaniel Stevens & Son in North Andover.
Stevens married Charlotte Emeline Osgood in 1853. The Stevenses had three sons and three daughters.
Stevens served as member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1861. He served in the Massachusetts State Senate in 1868. He also served as president of the Andover National Bank.
In 1876 Stevens dissolved Nathaniel Stevens & Son. Stevens and his brothers continued the business separately. His three sons, Nathaniel, Samuel, and Moses, became partners in the business in 1886 and the firm became M. T. Stevens & Sons.
Stevens was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891 – March 3, 1895). He served as a member of the House Ways and Means Committee. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1894 to the Fifty-fourth Congress.
After retiring from Congress, Stevens resumed his interests in the manufacturing business. He died in North Andover on March 25, 1907, and was interred in Ridgewood Cemetery. His estate, Osgood Hill, was saved from destruction and is now owned by the town of North Andover. Now listed on the National Register of Historic Places, it serves as a conference center.
# Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya

Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya, also known as Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya PG college or VKM, is a women's college in Varanasi (India), admitted to the privileges of the Banaras Hindu University. It was established in 1954 by Dr. Rohit Mehta.

## History

Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya was founded by Dr. Rohit Mehta in 1954. Dr. Mehta was inspired by Dr. Annie Besant and went on to found this college for women education, with the motto Education as Service. The college is run by Besant Education Fellowship and situated in the compound of the Theosophical Society at Kamachha, Bhelupura, Varanasi. VKM is affiliated to Banaras Hindu University.

## Courses

The college offers the following courses:
* Undergraduate courses in Arts, Economics, Political Science psychology history sociology geography Social Sciences, Home science, Linguistics painting Sanskrit English Hindi philosophy AIHC and Music (BA).
* Post graduate courses in Sociology, Home science, English, Hindi, Psychology Political Science, Economics, History, Philosophy, Sanskrit
* Doctor of Philosophy.
# Indiana Academy

Indiana Academy also known as IA is a Seventh-day Adventist secondary school located in Cicero, Indiana, United States. Indiana Academy is owned and operated by the Indiana Conference of Seventh day Adventists and is one of many other Adventist secondary educational institutions. It is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.
# Victor Amadeus of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym

Victor Amadeus of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym (21 May 1744 in Schaumburg – 2 May 1790), was a German prince of the House of Ascania from the Anhalt-Bernburg branch through the sub-branch of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym and a Russian General under the service of Empress Catherine II the Great.
He was the sixth (but fifth surviving) son of Victor I Amadeus Adolph, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym, and the third-born by his second wife, Countess Hedwig Sophie Henckel of Donnersmarck.

## Life

As the youngest of the sons of Prince Victor I, Victor Amadeus had little chances to inherit any of the family lands. He thus chose to follow a military career and entered in the Russian army in 1772. In 1773, he participated in the failed storming of Varna.
On 10 July 1775 Victor Amadeus was appointed Major General and four months later, on 26 November, he was awarded with the Order of Saint George IV Class for his remarkable services. On 28 June 1782 he was appointed Lieutenant General.
Since the beginning of the Turkish campaign of Prince Potemkin, in 1788, Victor Amadeus entered in his army and distinguished himself in the Battle of Ochakov, where he was commander of the first two columns during the assault and put them on the walls of the fortress; for this, he was awarded on 16 December 1788 with the Order of Saint George II Class.
The following year, Victor Amadeus took an active part in the capture of the towns of Căuşeni, Akkerman and Bender, and was rewarded for his distinction with the Orders of St. Alexander Nevsky and St. Andrew
In 1790 the Prince joined to the army of Count Ivan Saltykov in Finland, the theater of the Russo-Swedish War. This was his last military action: at the beginning of hostilities, Victor Amadeus sent a detachment to drive the enemy from Pardakoski and Kernikoski and, on 18 April, while the troops were attacking the Swedish, he was fatally wounded in his right leg, and was forced to leave the field of battle, dying several days later.
The name of the Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym was closely linked with the famous Russian general Barclay de Tolly, who began active service under his direct command. Victor Amadeus was the first one who drew attention to the military talents of Barclay; when the Prince was dying, he gave to Barclay his sword, with which he never parted.

## Marriage and issue

In Schaumburg on 21 April 1778 Victor Amadeus married Magdalena Sophie (b. Braunfels, 4 June 1742 - d. Homburg vor der Höhe, 21 January 1819), daughter of Frederick William, Prince of Solms-Braunfels. They had one son:
* Victor Amadeus (b. Homburg vor der Höhe, 19 June 1779 - d. Homburg vor der Höhe, 4 March 1783).
# Masque Attack

Masque Attack is an iOS vulnerability identified and named by computer security company FireEye in July 2014. FireEye privately informed Apple Inc. of the issue on July 26, 2014 and disclosed the vulnerability to the public on November 10, 2014 through a blog post on their website. The vulnerability is identified to exist on iOS 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0, 8.1 and 8.1.1 beta, and on jailbroken and non-jailbroken iOS devices. The vulnerability consists of getting users to download and install apps that have been deceptively created with the same bundle identifier as an existing legitimate app. The deceptive app can then replace and pose as the legitimate app, as long as the app was not one pre-installed along with iOS (i.e., the default Apple apps) – and thus, the reason FireEye gave for naming the vulnerability "Masque Attack".
Once the deceptive app is installed, the malicious parties can access any data entered by the user, such as account credentials.
On November 13, 2014, the United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT, part of the Department of Homeland Security) released Alert bulletin TA14-317A, regarding the Masque Attack.
Apple stated on November 14 that they were not aware of any incidents in which one of their customers had been affected by the attack.
# These Nights

"These Nights" is a collaboration single by Indonesian rapper Rich Brian and South Korean singer Chung Ha released on October 3, 2019, by 88rising. The track serves as one of the lead singles in 88rising's compilation album, Head in the Clouds II, released on October 11, 2019 through 88rising Records and 12Tone Music.

## Background and music

Music and photo teasers for the song were released in the weeks prior to the official release of the single. The track was written by Chung Ha, Slanger, Montana Wayne Best, McCulloch Reid Sutphin, Jordan Orvosh and Rich Brian.
Musically, "These Nights" is a sophisticated track with an old-school style that features a memorable synthesizer sound. It has been described as a song about existing for the nighttime and seizing the memorable moments one can make with their lover. The song serves as a stark difference to Brian’s debut song, "Dat $tick" (2016) and includes passionate modulated crooning rather than a harsh anti-authoritative attitude.

## Music video

The single was released through a hypnotizing music video that features the pair as they speed along a motorcycle, dancing together. Filmed in Indonesia, it also shows Rich Brian rocking a bold mullet while holding an '80s-style brick phone. As Rich Brian comically locks eyes with the camera, the scene then transits to one where Chung Ha and him are riding a motorcycle into the night.

## Release history

Release dates and formats for "These Nights" :
| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| Various | October 3, 2019 | Digital download, streaming | 88rising Records |
# Ioannes III

Ioannes III (Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης Γ΄, Iōannēs G΄) may refer to:
* Patriarch John III of Constantinople (died in 577)
* John III Doukas Vatatzes (c. 1192–1254), Byzantine Emperor
* John III Megas Komnenos (c. 1321–1362), Emperor of Trebizond