OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# M-160 mortar

The Soviet 160 mm Mortar M-160 is a smoothbore breech loading heavy mortar which fired a 160 mm shell. It replaced the 160mm Mortar M1943 in Soviet service after World War II.

## Description

It is very similar to the M1943 mortar but has a longer barrel, thus enabling a greater range. Loading the mortar requires the breech to be released from the baseplate and swung into a horizontal position, after loading the round it is returned to its original position. It is mounted on a wheeled carriage, in order to be towed by trucks such as the GAZ-66. China copied it as the Type 56 mortar.
The M-160 has a minimum range of 750 m (820 yd) and a maximum range of 8,040 m (8,790 yd).
According to the combat doctrine of the Vietnamese People's Army, the 160mm mortar was developed to destroy the enemy's fortified bunkers and trenches, and can also be used to ambush military bases. The mortar can be deployed in all terrains such as hills, mountains, plains, and urban areas. It is most effective when deployed in elevated terrain and urban areas where the target is often hidden behind defensive cover.

## Service

It was introduced in 1953. Originally deployed as a standard mortar for all types of division, it is currently particularly used as mountain or urban artillery. Some countries still use it as field artillery. China originally deployed 12 Type 56 mortars per field division. The M-160 saw service during the Arab–Israeli conflict, including the Lebanese Civil War, with the Indian Army during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and by North Vietnamese Army in 1975 spring offensive during Vietnam War

## Variants

* M-160 − Soviet divisional mortar.
* Type 56 − Chinese copy of the M-160.
* T-54 with 160 mm mortar − An Iraqi modification of the T-54/T-55 tank, with the turret removed and replaced with a fixed superstructure with an enclosed M-160 mortar with limited traverse. Access doors were provided on the sides and rear of the superstructure and when travelling the mortar was left in horizontal position. It never entered Iraqi Army service in significant numbers.

## Users
### Current

* Russia − 150 as of 2024
* Cambodia
* Egypt − 30 as of 2024
* Syria

### Former

* China − Produced locally as the Type 56
* India
* Iraq
* Nicaragua − 4 in storage as of 2024
* Poland
* Romania
# John McQuilliam

John McQuilliam (born 3 August 1962) is a Formula One car designer from England.

## Career

He worked for Williams from 1986 and subsequently Arrows as a composite engineer before joining Jordan. After Jordan was purchased by Midland Group in 2005, McQuilliam remained with the team until it was sold again to Spyker Cars in 2007. At the end of 2007 he left Spyker and then worked for Wirth Research, a company owned by Nick Wirth, as an aerodynamics expert.
In March 2014, McQuilliam was back in F1 as a technical expert/designer for Marussia, which continued into 2015 with Manor Marussia F1 Team. For the 2016 season, he was appointed as Technical Director. After the demise of Manor Racing, McQuilliam joined Prodrive, working as Chief Engineer in their composites division.
In 2024, McQuilliam joined Andretti Global to serve as the team's chief designer for their upcoming Cadillac Formula One Team, which plans to enter the sport in 2026.
# Carl Holmes

Carl Holmes (October 19, 1940) is an American politician, and a Republican former member of the Kansas House of Representatives, who represented the 125th district from 1985 to 2013.
Prior to his election to the House, Holmes served as mayor of the city of Plains from 1982 to 1989. Since 1962 he has worked as a land manager of Holmes Farms.
Holmes received his BBA from Colorado State University.
Holmes was defeated in the August 7, 2012, Republican Primary by Reid Petty, losing by only 9 votes, 904–895. Petty is a member of the school board in Liberal and is the Seward County Republican Chairman.

## Committee membership

* Energy and Utilities (Chair)
* Agriculture and Natural Resources Budget
* Joint Committee on Administrative Rules and Regulations (Chair)
* Joint Committee on Energy and Environmental Policy (Vice-Chair)

## Major donors

The top 5 donors to Holmes's 2008 campaign:
* 1. Pioneer Communications - $1,000
* 2. Westar Energy - $1,000
* 3. Kansas Contractors Assoc - $1,000
* 4. AT&T - $1,000
* 5. Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation - $750
# Euryplacidae

Euryplacidae is a family of crabs in the superfamily Goneplacoidea which contains the following genera:
* †Baldoplax Beschin & De Angeli, 2011
* †Chirinocarcinus Karasawa & Schweitzer, 2004
* †Chlinocephalus Ristori, 1886
* †Corallioplax Beschin, Busulini, Tessier & Zorzin, 2016
* Eucrate De Haan, 1835
* Euryplax Stimpson, 1859
* Frevillea A. Milne-Edwards, 1880
* Henicoplax Castro & Ng, 2010
* Heteroplax Stimpson, 1858
* Machaerus Leach, 1818
* Nancyplax Lemaitre, García-Gómez, von Sternberg & Campos, 2001
* Nectopanope Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891
* †Orbitoplax Tucker & Feldmann, 1990
* †Paleopsopheticus Hu & Tao, 1996
* Platyozius Borradaile, 1902
* †Prealpiplax Beschin, Busulini, Tessier & Zorzin, 2016
* Psopheticoides Sakai, 1969
* †Simonellia Vinassa de Regny, 1897
* †Stoaplax Vega, Cosma, Coutiño, Feldmann, Nyborg, Schweitzer & Waugh, 2001
* Systroplax Castro & Ng, 2010
* Trissoplax Castro & Ng, 2010
* Trizocarcinus Rathbun, 1914
* †Verarena Beschin, Busulini & Tessier in Beschin, Busulini, Tessier & Zorzin, 2019
* †Viaplax Karasawa & Kato, 2003
* Villoplax Castro & Ng, 2010
* Xenocrate Ng & Castro, 2007
# Edward S. Hamlin

Edward Stowe Hamlin (July 6, 1808 – November 23, 1894) was a 19th-century lawyer and politician who served briefly as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from late 1844 to early 1845.

## Life and career

Born in Hillsdale, New York, Hamlin attended the district school of Hillsdale, New York, and a private school in Stockbridge, Massachusetts.

### Legal career

He pursued an academic course in Hudson, New York. He subsequently studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1831 and commenced practice in Elyria, Ohio. He served as prosecuting attorney of Lorain County from 1833–1835.

### Congress

Hamlin was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Henry R. Brinkerhoff and served from October 8, 1844, to March 3, 1845.
He was not a candidate for renomination in 1844.

### Later career

He then moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1844 and engaged in the newspaper business, establishing the True Democrat (now The Plain Dealer) in 1846.
He served as member of the Free Soil Convention at Buffalo in 1848. He served as president of the board of public works from 1849 to 1852.
He moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1856, and was the attorney for the Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Lafayette Railroad for many years.
He moved to Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1884 to supervise his extensive land holdings at Newport News.

### Death and burial

He died in Washington, D.C., November 23, 1894 and was interred in Cedar Grove Cemetery in Williamsburg.
# David Agnew (Maryland politician)

David Agnew (January 1, 1822 – September 1, 1888) was an American politician from Maryland.

## Biography

David Agnew was born on January 1, 1822, in Emmitsburg, Maryland. He was trained at a young age in tailoring.
Agnew worked in the livery business. He served as justice of the peace, constable and town commissioner. He served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, representing Frederick County from 1865 to 1866.
Agnew was a member of the Emmitsburg Presbyterian Church. He died of pulmonary consumption on September 1, 1888, at his son-in-law's home near Emmitsburg. He was buried at Emmitsburg Presbyterian Church cemetery.
# Savage Brigade

Savage Brigade (French: La Brigade sauvage) is a 1939 French drama film directed by Marcel L'Herbier and starring Véra Korène, Charles Vanel and Florence Marly. The film was completed by Jean Dréville. The film's sets were designed by the art director Serge Piménoff.

## Synopsis

A Russian general's wife is killed by a jealous mistress at the apartment of a lieutenant. The general provokes a duel with the junior officer, but with the approach of the 1914 war the duel is deferred as both officers are needed with their regiments. Twenty years later in Paris, the general comes across and shoots the former lieutenant whom he injures; the truth about his wife then emerges.

## Cast

* Véra Korène as Marie Kalitjeff
* Charles Vanel as Général Kalitjeff
* Youcca Troubetzkov as Boris Mirski
* Lisette Lanvin as Natasha Kalitjeff
* Florence Marly as Isa Ostrowski
* Roger Duchesne as Grand-duc Paul
* Jean Galland as Maximoff
* Paul Amiot
* Denis d'Inès
* Paul Demange
* Ève Francis
* Georgina
* Georgette Lefebvre
* Liliane Lesaffre
* Henri Monteux
* Pierre Nay
* André Nox
* Poussard
* Philippe Richard
* Georges Vitray
* Josette Zell
# 1908 Ohio Green and White football team

The 1908 Ohio Green and White football team represented Ohio University in the 1908 college football season as an independent. Led by third-year head coach Arthur McFarland, the Green and White compiled a record of 3–5, but outscored opponents 100–65.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| | at Ohio Northern | Ada, OH | L 0–10 |
| October 3 | Marshall | Athens, OH (rivalry) | W 59–0 |
| October 17 | Miami (OH) | Athens, OH (rivalry) | L 0–5 |
| October 24 | Denison | | L 0–12 |
| November 6 | Mount Union | Athens, OH | W 15–12 |
| | Otterbein | | L 5–6 |
| November 20 | Wittenberg | Athens, OH | W 21–5 |
| | Parkersburg High School | | L 0–15 |
# Darreh Gerow Chong

Darreh Gerow Chong (Persian: دره گروچنگ; also known as 'Darreh Gerow) is a village in Ludab Rural District, Ludab District, Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 39, in 10 families.
# Swini Khara

Swini Nimesh Khara (born 12 July 1998) is an Indian former actress and a lawyer. She is known for her role as the mischievous Chaitali in the TV show Baa Bahoo Aur Baby and for a role in the 2007 film Cheeni Kum. She announced her engagement with Urvish Desai to her fans through her Instagram account.

## Filmography
### Films

* 2005 - Parineeta
* 2005 - Elaan as Ayesha
* 2006 - After The Wedding
* 2006 - Siyaasat The Politics
* 2006 - Chingaari
* 2007 - Cheeni Kum as Sexy
* 2008 - Hari Puttar as Tuk Tuk
* 2010 - Paathshala as Swini
* 2010 - Kaalo - The Desert Witch as Shona
* 2012 - Delhi Safari as Yuvraj, the cub Leopard
* 2016 - M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story as young Jayanti

### Television

* 2005–2010 - Baa Bahoo Aur Baby as Chaitali Thakkar
* 2006–2007 - Dharti Ka Veer Yodha Prithviraj Chauhan as Rajkumari Pratha
* 2007–2009 - Dill Mill Gayye as Minnie
* 2011 - CID as Shweta
* 2015 - Zindagi Khatti Meethi as Tara

## Awards and Nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Film/series | Result |
| 2007 | Indian Television Academy Awards | Best Child Artist | Baa Bahoo Aur Baby | Won |
# Central District (Gilan-e Gharb County)

The Central District of Gilan-e Gharb County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان گیلان غرب) is in Kermanshah province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Gilan-e Gharb.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 41,648 in 9,459 households. The following census in 2011 counted 43,424 people in 10,963 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 40,122 inhabitants in 11,783 households.

### Administrative divisions

Central District (Gilan-e Gharb County) Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Cheleh RD | 8,488 | 9,745 | 6,361 |
| Direh RD | 4,530 | 4,180 | 3,600 |
| Howmeh RD | 6,684 | 6,111 | 5,030 |
| Vizhenan RD | 2,515 | 2,466 | 2,800 |
| Gilan-e Gharb (city) | 19,431 | 20,922 | 22,331 |
| Total | 41,648 | 43,424 | 40,122 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Buddelundia

Buddelundia is a genus of woodlouse within the family Armadillidae. Members of the genus are found distributed in Australia, with a majority of findings being in Western Australia.

## Species

* Buddelundia albinogrisescens Wahrberg, 1922
* Buddelundia albomaculata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia albomarginata Wahrberg, 1922
* Buddelundia binotata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia bipartita (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia brevicauda (Dollfus, 1898)
* Buddelundia bulbosa Wahrberg, 1922
* Buddelundia callosa (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia cinerascens (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia eberhardi Taiti, 2014
* Buddelundia frontosa (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia grisea Dalens, 1992
* Buddelundia hirsuta Dalens, 1992
* Buddelundia humphreysi Dalens, 1992
* Buddelundia inequalis (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia labiata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia laevigata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia lateralis (Budde-Lund, 1913)
* Buddelundia monticola (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia nigripes (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia nitidissima (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia opaca (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia quadritracheata (Budde-Lund, 1913)
* Buddelundia rugifrons (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia subinermis (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia sulcata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
* Buddelundia tomentosa (Budde-Lund, 1912)
# Jere

Jere may refer to:
* Jere, Borno, a Local Government Area in Nigeria
* Jere, Kaduna State, a town in Nigeria
* Jere, West Virginia, United States, an unincorporated community
* Jere language, a Nigerian dialect cluster
* Jere (name), a list of people with the masculine given name or surname
# Rick Just

James R. "Rick" Just is an American politician and author serving as a member of the Idaho Senate for the 15th district. Elected in November 2022, he assumed office on December 1, 2022.

## Early life and education

Just was born in Blackfoot, Idaho, and graduated from Firth High School. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in English and a Master of Public Administration from Boise State University.

## Career

Just served in the United States Marine Corps from 1969 to 1971. For 30 years, he worked for the Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation, retiring as chief planner. Just is also the author of two adult novels, four YA novels, and several books on Idaho history. He was elected to the Idaho Senate in November 2022.
# Henry Baker (Maryland politician)

Henry Baker (died February 24, 1896) was an American politician from Maryland. He served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, representing Frederick County in 1867.

## Early life

The Baker family had a homestead called Oak Orchard in Frederick County, Maryland.

## Career

At the outbreak of the Civil War, Baker organized and trained a company of home guards. He took on the rank of captain.
Baker was a member of the convention for the Maryland Constitution of 1864. He was a member of the Unconditional Union Party. He served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, representing Frederick County in 1867. He introduced the bill that founded the Institute for the Deaf and Dumb in Frederick. He was director of the board for years.

## Personal life

Baker married. He had six children, Mrs. William McK. Reilly, Mrs. Victor Frey, Bettie D., Harry C., B. E. and J. E.
Baker lived in Liberty for 40 years, moved to Washington, D.C., and then lived in Baltimore for the last 10 years of his life. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and in Baltimore was a member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church.
Baker died on February 24, 1896, aged 79, at his 2127 Jefferson Street home in Baltimore. He was buried at Mount Olivet Cemetery in Frederick.
# Moses K. Armstrong

Moses Kimball Armstrong (September 19, 1832 – January 11, 1906) was an American surveyor who served as a delegate from Dakota Territory to the United States House of Representatives.

## Life

Armstrong was born in Milan, Erie County, Ohio. He attended the Huron Institute in Milan and Western Reserve College in Cleveland, Ohio, then moved to the Minnesota Territory in 1856. He was elected surveyor of Mower County, and was assigned to survey federal lands.
When Minnesota was admitted to the Union, Armstrong moved to Yankton, Dakota Territory, then a small Native American village. He was a member of the first Territorial House of Representatives in 1861, was reelected in 1862 and 1863, and served as speaker in 1863. He became editor of the Dakota Union newspaper in 1864, and was appointed clerk of the territorial Supreme Court in 1865. He was elected to the territorial council in 1866 and in 1867, and served as the council's president.
In 1867, Armstrong acted as secretary of the Indian peace commission in Dakota Territory. Continuing as a surveyor, he established the great meridian and standard lines for United States surveys in southern Dakota and in the northern Red River Valley. He was again elected to the Territorial council in 1869. In 1870 he was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives; he was reelected in 1872, and served from March 4, 1871 to March 3, 1875.
Armstrong was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1874, and moved to St. James, Watonwan County, Minnesota, where he engaged in banking and in real estate.
He died at Albert Lea, Minnesota, and is buried in the Lakewood Cemetery in Minneapolis.
# Karim Chishti

Karim Chishti (15 April 1936 – 13 May 2010) was an Indian cricketer. He played in twenty-five first-class matches for Uttar Pradesh from 1963/64 to 1974/75.
# Mr. Pastie

Mr. Pastie ("PASS-tee") is a brand name pasty, a meat-and-potato turnover product. It is marketed by entrepreneur Garnet T. Sleep, Jr., owner of Real English Foods, Inc., based in Pen Argyl, Pennsylvania. Mr. Pastie is based on a traditional Cornish recipe and has been called "the original fast food." It has been sold in US military commissaries, High's Dairy Stores, Weis Markets Wal-Mart, and 7-Eleven convenience stores.

## Description

The Mr. Pastie is an oven-baked pie. It consists of a handmade dough shell, folded into a half-circle around a filling traditionally consisting of "ground beef, diced potatoes, and minced onion." Fillings may incorporate additional vegetables, such as carrots and peas, and Real English Foods has made pasties containing chicken, pork, ham, and sausage.
With its doughy crust, the pasty can be eaten without utensils. This feature and the turnover's long history in the British Isles have earned it the title "the original fast food."

## History

The name Mr. Pastie derives from pasty a Cornish word for a type of pie commonly taken by miners to work in the mines of Cornwall. Some of these miners emigrated to the United States and settled in the eastern part of Pennsylvania, where slate was also mined (the "Slate Belt"), bringing their traditional recipes with them. Many such recipes exist, perhaps at least one for each village in Cornwall.
Garnet Sleep, raised in the town of Pen Argyl in Pennsylvania's Slate Belt, founded the ironically named Real English Foods, Inc. in 1981 with the goal of bringing this traditional product to a wider marketplace as a pre-packaged meal. Sleep had earlier run an advertising agency in Washington, D.C. Sleep's grandfather had immigrated into the region in the 1880s from Cornwall bringing a "special family recipe" for pasties that had been passed down through generations, and Sleep states that selling pasties is the fulfillment of a boyhood dream.
# Karafuto (disambiguation)

Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁 Karafuto-chō), commonly called South Sakhalin, was the Japanese administrative division corresponding to Japanese territory on southern Sakhalin island from 1905 to 1945.
Karafuto may also refer to:
* Karafuto, a Japanese name of Sakhalin, now an island in Russia
* Karafuto Fortress, the defensive unit formed by the Karafuto fortification installations, and the Karafuto detachment of Japanese forces in Karafuto Prefecture
* Karafuto Shrine, a former Shinto shrine in Toyohara, Karafuto Prefecture
# Daniel R. Tilden

Daniel Rose Tilden (November 5, 1804 – March 4, 1890) was an American lawyer and politician who served two terms as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1843 to 1847.

## Biography

Born in Lebanon, Connecticut, Tilden attended the public schools. Resided several years in Virginia and South Carolina. He moved to Garrettsville, Ohio, about 1828, and thence to Warren, Ohio. He studied law with Rufus P. Spalding. He was admitted to the bar in 1836 and commenced practice in Ravenna, Ohio. He formed a partnership there as Spalding & Tilden. He served as prosecuting attorney of Portage County 1838-1841.

### Congress

Tilden was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1847).
He served as delegate to the Whig National Convention in 1848 and 1852.
He moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1852.

### Later career

Tilden was elected probate judge of Cuyahoga County and served from 1855 to 1888.

### Death and burial

He died in Cleveland, Ohio, March 4, 1890. His remains were cremated at Buffalo, New York, and the ashes deposited in the Buffalo Crematory.

### Personal life

Married three times, the last to Cornelia Lossing, who survived him.
# Peninnis Lighthouse

Peninnis Lighthouse is situated on Peninnis Head, St Mary's, Isles of Scilly.

## History

The light was built to replace the lighthouse in the centre of the island of St Agnes and helps vessels to enter Hugh Town harbour, via St Mary's Sound. It was first lit in 1911, is circular, 45 feet (14 m) tall and consists of a black steel open lattice foundation, white gallery and black–domed top.
Initially, the lamp used was an incandescent burner which was powered by oil gas; the fuel was kept on site in four pressurised tanks (with a total capacity of 700 cubic feet), which the local Trinity House vessel would keep replenished. It was classed as a 'semi-watched' light (i.e. it did not require the full-time attendance of a keeper). The rotating third-order optic was driven by clockwork; it displayed a white flash every 20 seconds and its beam had a range of 16 nautical miles (30 km; 18 mi).
In 1922 the lighthouse was converted to automatic acetylene operation. (Acetylene was used to drive the rotating optic as well as fuelling the lamp). It was converted to electricity in 1992.
In late 2011, the year of its centenary, the lighthouse was updated, and at the same time downgraded (its visible range being reduced from 17 to 9 nautical miles (17 km; 10 mi) in accordance with the Trinity House 2010 Aids to Navigation review). A single-tier LED lantern, mounted on the exterior rail of the structure, now provides the light; within the lantern the old revolving lens still remains in situ, but it is no longer in use.
# R. P. T. Dutrow

Richard P. T. Dutrow (August 1828 – June 12, 1877) was an American politician from Maryland. He served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, representing Frederick County from 1868 to 1870.

## Early life

Richard P. T. Dutrow was born in August 1828 on a Dutrow farm in western Buckeystown, Frederick County, Maryland, to Samuel Dutrow. He attended public schools in Frederick County and Mercersburg College.

## Career

Dutrow was a Democrat. He served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, representing Frederick County from 1868 to 1870. In 1875, he served as county commissioner of Frederick County.
Dutrow was a farmer and owned a 280 acres (110 ha) farm in Buckeystown. He was a southern sympathizer and slave owner.

## Personal life

Dutrow married Lucretia Lakin, daughter of William Lakin, of Jefferson in 1849. They had one son, R. Claude. He lived at a brick house near Carrollton Manor. He was an elder at Trinity Reformed Church in Adamstown.
Dutrow died on June 12, 1877, after the Frederick, Washington and Mount Vernon excursion train of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad collided with another train in Frederick County. He was buried at Mount Olivet Cemetery.