OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Auguste Bravais

Auguste Bravais (French pronunciation:; 23 August 1811, Annonay, Ardèche – 30 March 1863, Le Chesnay, France) was a French physicist known for his work in crystallography, the conception of Bravais lattices, and the formulation of Bravais law. Bravais also studied magnetism, the northern lights, meteorology, geobotany, phyllotaxis, astronomy, statistics and hydrography.
He studied at the Collège Stanislas in Paris before joining the École Polytechnique in 1829, where he was a classmate of groundbreaking mathematician Évariste Galois, whom Bravais actually beat in a scholastic mathematics competition. Towards the end of his studies he became a naval officer, and sailed on the Finistere in 1832 as well as the Loiret afterwards. He took part in hydrographic work along the Algerian Coast. He participated in the Recherche expedition and helped the Lilloise in Spitzbergen and Lapland.
Bravais taught a course in applied mathematics for astronomy in the Faculty of Sciences in Lyon, starting in 1840. He succeeded Victor Le Chevalier in the Chair of Physics at the Ecole Polytechnique from 1845 until 1856 when he was replaced by Henri Hureau de Sénarmont. In 1844 he published a paper on the statistical concept of correlation, and arrived at a definition of the correlation coefficient before Karl Pearson. He is, however, best remembered for his work on Bravais lattices, particularly his 1848 discovery that there are 14 unique lattices in three-dimensional crystalline systems, correcting the previous scheme, with 15 lattices, conceived by Frankenheim three years before. Bravais published a memoir about crystallography in 1847. A co-founder of the Société météorologique de France, he joined the French Academy of Sciences in 1854. Bravais also worked on the theory of observational errors, a field in which he is especially known for his 1846 paper "Mathematical analysis on the probability of errors of a point".
The mountain Bravaisberget, in Svalbard, is named after Bravais.
# Turn of the Tides

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Turn of the Tides is the forty-ninth release and twenty-second major studio album by the band Tangerine Dream. It is the first studio album to feature saxophone player Linda Spa and guitarist Zlatko Perica performing as full-time members. It was nominated for Best New Age Album at the 1995 Grammys.
The group would slowly become less well known to general audiences following this album until the release of Quantum Gate in 2017 which revitalized interest in the group. This is the only studio album to feature guitarist Zlatko Perica as an official member of the group.

## Background

Furthering the development of their music, Tangerine Dream continued the musical approach that they had presented on their previous Miramar releases. Besides electronic equipment, TD was using guitar, saxophone and backing vocals once again. But their sound also seemed to be broader, which was shown in the flamenco guitar stylized Firetongues, the use of acoustic guitar in Twilight Brigade and other tracks that seemed to form a more atmospheric sound. According to the inside booklet of the CD, like a concept album, these tracks are based on a short story written by Edgar Froese. It explains that the story is taken from a book called The Coachman's Tales, although it would appear there is no such book with that title. Jayney Klimek, who made an appearance on Dreamtime, provided vocals for the track Galley Slave's Horizon. The opening track is a reworked Modest Mussorgsky piece, Pictures at an Exhibition. The re-released version of the album had a bonus track called Story of the Brave, which had originated on the promo disc for the album.
This album was re-issued on the band's TDI label in 1996 and 1999, then again on Membran in 2009.

## Personnel
### Tangerine Dream

* Edgar Froese – guitar, keyboards, drums
* Jerome Froese – guitar, keyboards, drums
* Linda Spa – saxophone, keyboards.
* Zlatko Perica – guitar

### Additional personnel

* Jayney Klimek – vocals
* Julie Ocean – vocals
* Vienna Horn Ensemble
* Roland Braunstein – engineer
# Public holidays in Sudan

This is a list of holidays in Sudan.
The following public holidays are the same every year:
* January 1: Independence Day
* January 7: Coptic Christmas
* December 25: Christmas Day
Variable (Islamic holidays are fixed to the Islamic calendar which follows the phases of the moon, therefore holidays will be 10 to 11 days earlier in the Gregorian calendar every year. Furthermore, Islamic holidays depend on the sighting of the moon.)
* The Prophet's Birthday
* Eid al-Fitr
* Islamic New Year
* Eid al-Adha
# Artie Sutherland

Arthur Sutherland (7 December 1912 – 16 January 1949) was a New Zealand amateur boxer, who represented his country at the 1938 British Empire Games, and won one national amateur title in the middleweight division.

## Biography

Born on 7 December 1912, Arthur (Artie)Sutherland was one of the six boys and 1 girl of Clement and Lily Sutherland (née Small).
Sutherland won the New Zealand amateur middleweight boxing title in 1937. He was duly selected to represent New Zealand in the same division at the 1938 British Empire Games, but was eliminated in his first bout, being easily defeated on points by the Welsh fighter, Denis Reardon, who went on to win the gold medal.
A gold miner, Sutherland was killed on 16 January 1949 in a mining accident at Upper Nevis, about 40 km from Cromwell. He and a companion were working in a tunnel when the roof collapsed, burying Sutherland under the earth fall.
# Jan Brzechwa

Jan Brzechwa (Polish pronunciation:; 15 August 1898 – 2 July 1966) was a Polish poet, author and lawyer, known mostly for his contribution to children's literature. He was born Jan Wiktor Lesman to a Polish family of Jewish descent.

## Early life

Brzechwa was born in Żmerynka, Podolia. His father was a railway engineer and his mother Michalina, née Lewicka, was a French teacher. Jan spent a lot of his childhood travelling around Eastern Poland ("Kresy") with his family. Brzechwa studied at the Jesuit college in Chyrów, (present day Khyriv in Ukraine), and upon moving from Podolia to Warsaw, he graduated from the School of Law at the Warsaw University. During the Polish-Soviet War, he volunteered for the 36th Regiment of the Academic Infantry Legion, a formation composed of university students and was decorated for his service. His formal writing debut took place in 1920 by way of various humor magazines. He worked as a lawyer and attorney for the Polish Society of Authors and Composers (ZAIKS) where he specialized and excelled in copyright law.
Brzechwa was a cousin of another famous Polish poet, Bolesław Leśmian. He was married three times; first to Maria Sunderland, his first cousin once removed and a niece of the renowned Polish artist Celina Sunderland, then to Karolina Lentowa (née Meyer), and finally to Janina Magajewska (1915–1989). His daughter from his first marriage, Krystyna (born 1928), is a painter.

## Literary output

Jan Brzechwa was the writer's pseudonym. The name Brzechwa translates into 'fletching' (the tail section of an arrow). His poetry was written mostly in the melodic style of the 8-syllable accentual verse, the most popular rhythmic structure among the Polish stylistic variations.
In 1926 he published Oblicza zmyślone ("Imaginary visages"), his first book of poems. His first set of poems for children Tańcowała igła z nitką ("Danced the needle with the thread") was published in 1937. Among his most popular works is Chrząszcz (The Beetle), a poem proverbial for containing one the hardest-to-pronounce phrases in Polish literature. Its first line "W Szczebrzeszynie chrząszcz brzmi w trzcinie" (In the town of Szczebrzeszyn a beetle buzzes in the reeds) is the best known Polish tongue-twister, in which almost all of the consonants make distinct buzzing sounds. Brzechwa is also popular in Poland for having written a number of lyrical children's poems. He was a translator of Russian literature, translating works by Aleksandr Pushkin, Sergey Yesienin and Vladimir Mayakovskiy.
Brzechwa also wrote a long-running series of children's books based on the adventures of Pan Kleks, the headmaster of a magical academy, and his students. Many of the Kleks books and plot points were made into a series of films in the 1980s, while the poem Pchła Szachrajka (Adventures of a Cheating Flea) was developed into an animated film in 1989.
Many of Brzechwa's texts have been translated into English by Walter Whipple, but as of 2004 they have yet to be published. Brzechwa died in Warsaw in 1966 and is buried at the Powązki Cemetery, the most famous cemetery in the city.
# Week (Chung Ha song)

"Week" (Korean: 월화수목금토일; RR: Wolhwasumokgeumtoil) is a song by South Korean singer Chung Ha. The song was initially the first single album of the singer, but was later repackaged into Chung Ha's first EP Hands on Me. It is also a pre-debut single.

## Composition

The pre-release track "월화수목금토일 (Week)" is a ballad about the emptiness the singer felt after her former group's disbandment.

## Music video

The music video was released on 20 April 2017 on YouTube.

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| South Korea (Gaon) | 86 |

## Sales
### Download

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| South Korea | — | 28,492 |
# Steve Dawson

Steven "Dobby" Dawson (born 24 February 1952) is an English bass guitarist and a founder of the heavy metal band Saxon.
Dawson started out in 1970 in the band Blue Condition, which became SOB after a few shows only, together with Dave Bradley, Steve Firth and future Saxon guitarist Graham Oliver. In 1975 Dawson, Oliver and new drummer John Walker joined forces with Coast members and Paul Quinn to form Son of a Bitch, which renamed itself Saxon in 1978. Dawson was a member of Saxon until 1986 when he was dismissed among conflict and arguments within the band. From 1996, Dawson and Oliver toured and recorded with Oliver/Dawson Saxon, at times featuring former Saxon drummers Pete Gill and Nigel Durham. In 2021, Dawson retired from music and stepped down from the group, after which the band renamed themselves Graham Oliver's Army.
In 2002, Dawson released a solo album called "Pandemonium Circus" with Durham on drums.
Dawson helped inspire This Is Spinal Tap. "It was only a few years ago that the penny dropped about Harry Shearer," he observed in 2014, "when he said he'd been on tour with Saxon and some of the character of Derek Smalls had been based on me – pointing at the audience and all that malarkey. Harry's lovely... I'm proud to be an influence on Spinal Tap. They're taking the piss, but that's part of the game, isn't it?"
On 21 March 2024, Dawson was convicted at Sheffield Crown Court of four counts of indecent assault against a person under the age of 14. The offences took place in the early 1990s when the victim was six years old. In April of the same year, he was sentenced to 5 years in prison for the offences.

## Discography
### Saxon

* Saxon (1979)
* Wheels of Steel (1980)
* Strong Arm of the Law (1980)
* Denim and Leather (1981)
* The Eagle Has Landed (1982)
* Power & the Glory (1983)
* Crusader (1984)
* Innocence Is No Excuse (1985)
* Rock the Nations (1986) (songwriting)
* BBC Sessions (1999)
* Live at Donnington 1980 (2000)

### Son of a Bitch

* Victim You (1996)

### Oliver/Dawson Saxon

* Re://Landed (2000)
* It's Alive (2003)
* The Second Wave: 25 Years of NWOBHM (2003)
* Motorbiker (2012)

### Steve Dawson

* Pandemonium Circus (2002)
# Negative pregnant

A negative pregnant (sometimes called a pregnant denial) refers to a denial which implies its affirmative opposite by seeming to deny only a qualification of the allegation and not the allegation itself. For example, "I deny that I owe the plaintiff five hundred dollars" might imply that the person making the statement owes some other sum of money, and was only denying that they owe that particular amount.
A negative pregnant which appears in pleadings will often elicit a request for further and better particulars, or an interrogatory. In order to avoid a negative pregnant in the above example, one might instead say, "I deny that I owe the plaintiff five hundred dollars, or any other sum of money."
The issue can also arise in the context of statutory interpretation. For instance, Justice Thurgood Marshall argues in his dissent to EEOC v. Aramco that the presumption against extraterritoriality is rebutted by a negative inference from the alien-exemption provision of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which states that Title VII "shall not apply to an employer with respect to the employment of aliens outside any State." Marshall concludes that "Absent an intention that Title VII apply 'outside any State,' Congress would have had no reason to craft this extraterritorial exemption. And because only discrimination against aliens is exempted, employers remain accountable for discrimination against United States citizens abroad."
# James Vernon Smith

James Vernon Smith (July 23, 1926 – June 23, 1973) was an American politician and a U.S. Representative from Oklahoma.

## Biography

Born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Smith was the son of Fred O. and Josephine Meder Smith, and was educated in Tuttle public schools and attended Oklahoma College of Liberal Arts at Chickasha, Oklahoma. He married Mary Belle Couch, and the couple had three children, Jay, Sarah, and Lee Ann.

## Career

Smith engaged in farming and cattle raising, and served as member of the board of regents of Oklahoma Four-Year Colleges.
Elected as a Republican to the 90th Congress, Smith served from January 3, 1967 to January 3, 1969. Smith voted against the Civil Rights Act of 1968. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1968. After a 1967 redistricting plan forced him into running against either fellow Republican Happy Camp or Democrat Tom Steed, he chose to take on Steed, a conservative Democrat from Shawnee who had nearly been defeated in 1966. Smith was defeated by a 54% to 46% tally despite the fact that Nixon won a plurality in the newly drawn district.
Nominated by President Nixon to be Administrator of Farmers Home Administration and confirmed by the Senate on March 16, 1969, Smith served until his resignation in 1973.

## Death

Smith died in a wheat field fire at his farm, near Chickasha, Grady County, Oklahoma, on June 23, 1973 (age 46 years, 335 days). He is interred at Fairlawn Cemetery, Chickasha, Oklahoma.
# Gerald H. Zecker

Gerald H. Zecker (born April 12, 1942) is an American Republican Party politician who served 18 years in the New Jersey General Assembly, from 1984 to 2002, where he represented the 34th Legislative District, losing office after several heavily Democratic communities were added to his district in the 2001 apportionment following the 2000 United States census. He served as mayor of Clifton, New Jersey from 1978 to 1982.
An insurance executive by profession, Zecker earned an undergraduate degree in business and accounting from Fairleigh Dickinson University. He served on Clifton's City Council from 1974 to 1986, on its planning board from 1976 to 1985 and was the city's mayor from 1978 to 1982.
Zecker was first elected to the Assembly in 1983, filling the seat occupied by Terry LaCorte, a one-term Republican incumbent who gave up his seat to mount an unsuccessful primary challenge to State Senator Joseph L. Bubba. He served in the Assembly as Assistant Minority Leader in 1990, as Deputy Minority Leader in 1991, as Speaker Pro Tempore from 1992 to 1995 and as Deputy Speaker starting in 1996. Zecker served on the Education Committee and the Policy and Regulatory Oversight Committee.
In 1990, Zecker questioned the viability of the construction of the 20-mile long Passaic River Flood Tunnel, saying that it could "be the biggest mistake we've ever made".
The Assembly overrode Governor of New Jersey James Florio's veto of legislation that would prevent insurance companies to use age, marital status, place of residence as sex as criteria in setting insurance rates, with Zecker arguing that the reason rural and suburban drivers pay lower rates than those in the Garden State's large cities because "cars in Newark are stolen and wrecked in far greater numbers".
Zecker planned in August 1996 to introduce legislation that would allow Clifton to become the first city in the State of New Jersey to charge inmates for the costs of their incarceration.
The New Jersey Apportionment Commission's 2001 redistricting map placed several heavily Democratic municipalities in District 34, Zecker was not reelected to his Assembly seat in the 2001 election as the Democrats took his seat, the seat that had been held by Marion Crecco for the previous ten years; she was unable to run for reelection to the seat because she instead decided to run for State Senate and her hometown of Bloomfield had been moved out of District 34, and Norman M. Robertson's State Senate seat in landslides.
# Om Prakash Agrawal

Om Prakash Agrawal (22 October 1931 – 15 August 2021) was an Indian conservationist and the founder member of several organizations related to cultural heritage and conservation such as Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH), Indian Council of Conservation Institute (ICCI) and the National Research Laboratory for the Conservation of Cultural Property (NRLC). He was the director general of INTACH Indian Conservation Institute and director general of ICCI and NRLC. The Government of India honoured him in 2011, with the award of Padma Shri, the fourth highest Indian civilian award for his contributions to the area of conservation.

## Biography

Om Prakash Agrawal, born on 22 October 1931, held a master's degree (MSc) in chemistry. He was one of the founders of the National Research Laboratory for Conservation of Cultural Property (NRLC), Lucknow in 1976 where he served as its director till 1985. During his stint there, he joined a group led by Pupul Jayakar and founded the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) in 1984. It is reported that Agrawal played a part in the formation of the Indian Conservation Institute as an INTACH unit under the aegis National Mission for Manuscripts in 1985 and, after retiring from NRLC, joined the institute as its director general, a post he holds to the day. He is a former director general of the Indian Council of Conservation Institute (ICCI) and the incumbent president of the International Council of Biodeterioration of Cultural Property (ICBCP). He is also a former president of Museum Association of India and Indian Association for the Study of Conservation of Cultural Property.
Agrawal was an honorary fellow of the Indian Association for the Study of Conservation of Cultural Property (FIASC) and the International Institute of Conservation (FIIC). He also serves as a consultant to several international bodies such as UNESCO, International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM), International Council of Museums (ICOM), and Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Archaeology and Fine Arts (SPAFA) and as a board member of the National Research Laboratory for the Conservation of Cultural Property (NRLC). He is the author over 200 articles and has published 37 books, either as an author or as an editor.
Agrawal, holder of the degree of DLitt (honoris Causa), was a recipient of ICOM award in 1990 and ICCROM award in 1993. The Government of India included him in the Republic Day honours list, in 2011, for the civilian award of Padma Shri. He was married to Usha Agrawal who was a director of programmes of the INTACH Indian Conservation Institute from 1991.
Om Prakash Agrawal died on 15 August 2021, at the age of 89.
# La Nouvelle-Beauce Regional County Municipality

La Nouvelle-Beauce (French pronunciation:, New Beauce) is a regional county municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region in southeastern Quebec, Canada, south of the Saint Lawrence River. It is located south of Lévis, along the Chaudière River.
Established in 1982 as a successor to Dorchester County, La Nouvelle-Beauce is made of 11 municipalities and is mainly French-speaking (99.2% French-speaking in 2006) and rural. Sainte-Marie, the county seat, is the most populous municipality.
The name of La Nouvelle-Beauce reminds the one given to the area along the Chaudière River by the French authorities until the end of the French Regime in North America.

## Subdivisions

There are 11 subdivisions within the RCM:

## Transportation
### Access Routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the municipality, including external routes that start or finish at the county border:
# Peter M. Rentzepis

Peter Michael Rentzepis (born 11 December 1934) is a Greek-born American physical chemist.

## Education and career

Rentzepis is a native of Kalamata born on 11 December 1934, Rentzepis attended the 1st Lykion in his hometown and graduated from Denison University and Syracuse University in the United States before pursuing a doctorate at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, graduating in 1963. Rentzepis, who joined Bell Labs in 1963, after two years at General Electric, led the physical and inorganic chemistry research department at Bell between 1973 and 1985, and taught at University of California, Irvine from 1974 to 2014, serving in a presidential chair professorship from 1985. In 2014, Rentzepis was appointed TEES Distinguished Professor at Texas A&M University. While at the university, he submitted an application in 1989 and published after patents (US5268862A & US5325324A - Three-dimensional optical memory) approval in 1994. Based on research under grant No. F30602-97-C-0014 between the United States Air Force (USAF) acting through its Office of Special Research (AFOSR) and The Regents of the University of California.

## Honors and awards

Rentzepis was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society in 1972, and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1978. He won the 1982 Peter Debye Award from the American Chemical Society, followed in 1989 by the Irving Langmuir Award from the American Physical Society, and in 2001 by the Tolman Award of the ACS Southern California Section.
# John A. Gaynor

John A. Gaynor (October 1, 1846 – May 12, 1915) was an American businessman, jurist, and politician.
Born in County Longford, Ireland, Gaynor emigrated with his parents to the United States in 1851 and settled in the town of Lisbon, Waukesha County, Wisconsin. Gaynor graduated from University of Wisconsin and then taught school. He then went to University of Wisconsin Law School and was admitted to the Wisconsin bar. Gaynor practiced law in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. Gaynor served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1893 and was a Democrat. He served on the Wood County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors, served as district attorney of Wood County and was county judge from 1898 to 1902. Gaynor also served on the Wisconsin Common Council and the school board. Gaynor died in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin after being ill for a few months.