OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joy Lim Arthur

Joy Lim Arthur (December 2, 1935 – July 9, 2015) was an Electronic Engineer at the United States Army Research Laboratory. In 1966 she was the first woman to graduate with a Master's in engineering from the New Mexico State University. She was the first woman engineer to work for the White Sands Missile Range, and was a Senior Research Engineer for United States Army from 1958 to 2005.

## Early life and education

Arthur was born in Manila. Her only brother died in childhood, which was a cause of great distress to her father Venacio Lim. He focussed all of his ambitions on his younger daughter, educating her as if she were his son. She moved to the United States and studied electrical engineering at Purdue University, earning her bachelor's degree in engineering in 1956. At Purdue University, Arthur was one of two women in her 165-person engineering class. She returned to Manila after graduating, hoping to obtain her father's blessing to marry an American engineer. Her father was concerned she would be seen as a pom pom girl, and Arthur returned to America as a technical scientist. She went on to become the first woman to earn a Master's degree at New Mexico State University in 1996. She supported the Society of Women Engineers in establishing a chapter at New Mexico State University.

## Career

In 1958 Arthur became the first woman engineer to work at White Sands Missile Range. She transferred to the United States Army Research Laboratory in 1962, where she began to protect the United States Army in their vulnerabilities to electronic warfare. She concentrated on increasing the number of soldiers who survived on the battlefield and improving the resilience of the United States Army to various threats. Arthur also designed protective sensors that could be used to protect the human eye from frequency-agile laser threats. She developed technologies that could jam signals, including a multi-spectral jammer that could detonate inert gases. In 1975 she was the only woman to win a United States Army Research Laboratory R&D Achievement Award. She won the award for her contributions to electronic warfare, particularly for studying unconventional and conventional chaff. She described the materials required for more effective chaff.
She was inducted into the White Sands Missile Range Hall of Fame in 2005. Arthur died on July 9, 2015, following a long struggle with Parkinson's disease. Arthur and her husband, Paul Arthur have established a scholarship for American women engineers at New Mexico State University. Arthur had two children, Gregory Venancio Arthur and Lia Frieda Brodnax.

### Awards

* 1974 Certificate of Merit from the Association of Old Crows
* 1974 Samuel Stiber Award for Technical Excellence in Electronic Warfare
* 1975 U.S. Army Research and Development Achievement Award
* 1996 NMSU Distinguished Engineering Alumnus
* 2005 White Sands Missile Range Hall of Fame
# James B. Everhart

James Bowen Everhart (July 26, 1821 – August 23, 1888) was an American politician from Pennsylvania who served as a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district from 1883 to 1887. He also served as a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 19th district from 1876 to 1882.

## Biography

James Bowen Everhart was born in West Whiteland Township, Pennsylvania, to Hannah (née Matlack) and William Everhart. His father was a member of the U.S. Congress and worked as a surveyor and merchant. He attended Bolmar's Academy in West Chester and graduated from Princeton College in 1842. He studied law at Harvard Law School and in Philadelphia. He was admitted to the bar in 1845 and went abroad, spending two years in study at the Universities of Berlin and Edinburgh. He returned to West Chester and commenced practicing law. During the American Civil War, Everhart served in Company B, Tenth Regiment, Pennsylvania Militia. He represented the 19th district in the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1876 to 1882.
Everhart was elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1886. He resumed the practice of law until his death.

## Writings

Everhart's writings, which are marked by terseness of style, include Miscellanies, in prose (West Chester, Pa, 1862); a volume of short poems (Philadelphia, 1868); and "The Fox Chase," a poem (Philadelphia, 1875).

## Personal life

His grandfather, James Everhart, was a soldier in the U.S. Army during the American Revolutionary War. His father William was a successful merchant in West Chester, Pennsylvania and a U.S. Congressman. His brother Benjamin Matlack Everhart was a mycologist.
Everhart died in West Chester on August 23, 1888. He was interred in Oaklands Cemetery in West Chester.
# Peter Currie

Peter Currie may refer to:
* Peter Currie (businessman), American executive
* Peter Currie (footballer), Scottish footballer
* Peter Currie (scientist), Australian scientist
# Venetian Triangular Castle

The Venetian Triangular Castle (Albanian: Kalaja Trekëndore Venedikase) is a castle near Butrint. The castle is located by the Channel of Vivari nearby Butrint National Park.
In 1572, during the wars between Venice and the Ottomans, the acropolis of Butrint was abandoned. This led to the creation of the Castle which was built in the 15th century by the Venetians. The castle was created to defend the fish traps, a very important source of food and income for the nearby settlement. The castle was seized by the Ottomans in 1655 and 1718 after then being recaptured by the Venetians.

## Gallery

* Inside of the Castle.
* View of the Castle from across the Channel of Vivari.
* The Venetian Exclave surrounded by the Ottomans.
# William H. Koontz

William Henry Koontz (July 15, 1830 – July 4, 1911) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

## Life and career

Koontz was born in Somerset, Pennsylvania. He completed preparatory studies, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1851 and commenced practice in Somerset. He was district attorney for Somerset County, Pennsylvania, from 1853 to 1856. He was a delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention. He served as prothonotary and clerk of the county court from 1861 to 1868.
He successfully contested as a Republican the election of Alexander H. Coffroth to the Thirty-ninth Congress. He was reelected to the Fortieth Congress. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1868. He resumed the practice of law at Somerset and served as counsel for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1899 to 1902. He died in Somerset in 1911. Interment in Union Cemetery.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "William H. Koontz (id: K000311)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
* The Political Graveyard
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byAlexander H. Coffroth | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district 1866–1869 | Succeeded byJohn Cessna |
* This article about a member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# International Standard Musical Work Code

The International Standard Musical Work Code (ISWC) is a unique identifier for musical works, similar to ISBN for books. It is adopted as international standard ISO 15707. The ISO subcommittee with responsibility for the standard is TC 46/SC 9.

## Format

Each code is composed of three parts:
* prefix element (1 character)
* work identifier (9 digits)
* check digit (1 digit)
Currently, the only prefix defined is "T", indicating Musical works. However, additional prefixes may be defined in the future to expand the available range of identifiers and/or expand the system to additional types of works.

### Computation of the check digit

With
* $d_{i}$: one of the nine digits of the work identifier (i=1 to 9) from left to right.
* $C$: check digit.
$S=1+\sum _{i=1}^{i=9}id_{i}$
$C=(10-(S\mod 10))\mod 10$

#### Example: T-034.524.680-C

| $d_{i}$ | 0 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 0 |
| $id_{i}$ | 0 | 6 | 12 | 20 | 10 | 24 | 42 | 64 | 0 |
$S=179$
$C=1$
ISWC identifiers are commonly written the form T-123.456.789-C. The grouping is for ease of reading only; the numbers do not incorporate any information about the work's region, author, publisher, etc. Rather, they are simply issued in sequence. These separators are not required, and no other separators are allowed.
The first ISWC was assigned in 1995, for the song "Dancing Queen" by ABBA; the code is T-000.000.001-0.

## Usage

To register an ISWC, the following minimal information must be supplied:
* title
* names of all composers, arrangers and authors, with their role in the piece (identified by role code) and their CAE/IPI number
* work classification code (CIS)
* identification of other works it is a derivative of
Note: an ISWC identifies works, not recordings. ISRC can be used to identify recordings. Nor does it identify individual publications (e.g. issues of a recording on physical media, sheet music, broadcast at a particular frequency/modulation/time/location...)
Its primary purpose is in collecting society administration, and to clearly identify works in legal contracts. It would also be useful in library cataloguing.
   Due to the fact that a musical work can have multiple authors, it is inevitable that, on rare occasions, a duplicate ISWC might exist and might not be detected immediately. Because of the existing business practices among collecting societies, it is not possible to simply declare an ISWC as obsolete. In such cases, as soon as they are identified, the system will deal with duplicate registrations by linking such registration records in the ISWC database and its related products.
# Strymon yojoa

Strymon yojoa, the yojoa scrub-hairstreak, is a species of hairstreak in the butterfly family Lycaenidae.
The MONA or Hodges number for Strymon yojoa is 4341.
# Tritoxa cuneata

Tritoxa cuneata is a species of picture-winged fly in the genus Tritoxa of the family Ulidiidae.

## Distribution

Canada, United States.
# Tylocliostomum

Tylocliostomum is a fungal genus in the family Ramalinaceae. It comprises the single species Tylocliostomum viridifarinosum.

## Taxonomy

The genus Tylocliostomum was circumscribed in 2020 by the lichenologists Pieter P.G. van den Boom and Nicolas Magain. It is distinguished from the related genus Tylothallia by several microscopic features, including its different spore-containing structures (Catillaria-type asci) and simpler filaments in the reproductive tissue (simple paraphyses). Unlike the somewhat similar-looking genus Cliostomum, it lacks spore-producing structures called pycnidia and has a different cellular arrangement in its fruiting body wall. The genus name Tylocliostomum alludes to its evolutionary relationships and appearance, combining elements of two related genera: Tylothallia, with which it shares genetic ancestry, and Cliostomum, which it resembles in its outward appearance (particularly species like C. griffithii).

## Description

Tylocliostomum viridifarinosum forms a thin, continuous crust on its substrate, with a distinctive powdery or mealy (farinose) texture. The surface consists of tiny green granules (goniocysts) measuring 8–20 micrometres (μm) in diameter. The lichen's reproductive structures (apothecia) are small, ranging from 0.15 to 0.4 millimetres across, and vary from flat to slightly convex. These apothecia have a rim (proper margin) that is either the same colour as or slightly paler than the central disc, though this rim often disappears as the structure matures. The disc itself can be white to pale cream, sometimes with a slight yellowish tinge, or occasionally medium grey with a bluish-grey cast.
When examined microscopically, the spores are narrowly ellipsoid to rod-shaped (bacillar), measuring 11–17 by 2.5–3.2 μm, with a single cross-wall (septum) and thin walls. Each spore-producing sac (ascus) contains eight spores. The species contains no detectable lichen substances when tested with standard chemical spot tests.

## Habitat and distribution

At the time of its original publication, Tylocliostomum viridifarinosum was known only from its type locality in Madeira, Portugal, where it was discovered at Chão dos Louros. The lichen grows abundantly on the twigs of Erica shrubs in this area, sharing its habitat with two other lichen species: Cliomegalaria symmictoides and Endohyalina ericina. It was found at an elevation of 825 metres above sea level in an area characterised by mature trees along laurel forest (laurisilva).
# Boom Mountain

Boom Mountain is located north of Vermilion Pass on the border of Alberta and British Columbia on the Continental Divide. It was named in 1908 after Boom Lake which is located right under the mountain. When viewed by an Alpine Club of Canada expedition, a buildup of logs on the lake resembled a log boom.

## Geology

Boom Mountain is composed of sedimentary rock laid down from the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Boom Mountain is located in a subarctic climate with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below -20 °C with wind chill factors below -30 °C.

## Gallery

* Boom Lake in Banff National Park. (A part of Boom Mountain in upper left corner of frame)
# Antona subluna

Antona subluna is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae first described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
# Computational neuroaesthetics

Computational neuroaesthetics is the discipline that connects neuromarketing, psychology and computer science. It represents the evolution of neuroaesthetics and computational aesthetics and investigates the brain processes of human beings involved during the aesthetic experience.
In pursuing this research objective it uses a methodology that integrates the methods and techniques which are typical of neuroscience with those typical of computational science. The visual stimuli observed by people, such as images, are computationally processed to obtain a numerical value of the aesthetic features, such as brightness and hues, which are related to the brain processes of the subjects. In doing so, computational neuroaesthetics overcomes the limits of computational aesthetics, which uses only classical measuring instruments, such as self report scales, to assess the positive emotions experienced by individuals.

## Areas of application

The results that emerge from computational neuroaesthetics research can be applied in several areas. The privileged one is the field of marketing and communication, since it is possible to know which aesthetic characteristics an advertising stimulus should have to be appreciated at a deep and implicit level by consumers. These positive reactions are a factor that influences the orientation of people towards the products and the brands that are promoted.
Another area of application is design and user experience design. In fact, the aesthetics of products and phygital interfaces is a fundamental component for user experience. Computational neuroaesthetics offers useful knowledge to develop a design that respects those aesthetic parameters which are able to improve user experience. Products and services with good UX levels are perceived as better and easier to use by consumers.
In the fields of health and well-being psychology, the knowledge of this discipline represents a potential tool able to build positive and transformative aesthetic experiences which could promote patients' engagement.

## Origins

Aesthetics is a discipline that, within the psychological field, has been studied over the decades by different approaches, including the gestalt and cognitivist ones. In 2005, Chatterjee, stressed the need to use a research approach able to integrate neuroaesthetics with an analytical description of the features of visual stimuli in order to obtain quantifiable parameters.
# Tuber (fungus)

Tuber is a genus in the fungal family Tuberaceae, with estimated molecular dating to the end of the Jurassic period (156 Mya). It includes several species of truffles that are highly valued as delicacies.

## New discoveries

In 2015, a new species Tuber petrophilum (close relative to Tuber melanosporum and Tuber brumale) was discovered in the Dinaric Alps (Southeastern Europe, Serbia). In 2016, two new species were discovered in Brazil. Tuber floridanum (with the commercial name Trufa Sapucaya meaning 'The last Guarany breath') and Tuber brennemanii grow in association with pecan rootlets.
# La villanella rapita

La villanella rapita (The Abducted Country Girl) is an opera giocosa in two acts by Francesco Bianchi with additional arias by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart for its later performances in Vienna. The libretto was by Giovanni Bertati.

## Performance history

The opera was first performed at the Teatro San Moisè in Venice in the autumn of 1783. It was then given at the Eszterháza Theater in Süttör, Fertőd, on 29 August 1784. It was also produced at the Little Theatre in the Haymarket in London under Vincenzo Federici [it] on 27 February 1790.
A pasticcio with the same title, with some music by Bianchi as well as Paisiello, Guglielmi, Giacomo Gotifredo Ferrari, Sarti and Soler was performed at Théâtre Feydeau in Paris on 5 June 1789.

## Mozart additions

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart contributed a vocal quartet, "Dite almeno in che mancai?", K. 479, and a vocal terzet, "Mandina amabile", K. 480, for a performance at the Burgtheater in Vienna on 1785. (The former work was first heard in public on 5 November, and the latter on 28 November.) The singers involved were Vincenzo Calvesi (Count), Celeste Coltellini (Mandina), Stefano Mandini (Pippo), and Francesco Bussani (Biaggio), the last named in K. 479 only.

## Roles

Roles, voice types :
| Role | Voice type |
| Biaggio | bass |
| Ninetta, Biaggio's daughter | soprano |
| Giannina, Biaggio's daughter | soprano |
| Mandina, Biaggio's daughter, about to be married to Pippo | soprano |
| Pippo, Mandina's bridegroom | baritone |
| The count | tenor |
| Paulino, the count's friend | tenor |

## Synopsis

The count takes a liking to a young bride, Mandina, at her pre-wedding banquet, lures her away from her bridegroom, Pippo, and then abducts her in a drugged state back to his palace. Mandina, after a little experience of upper-class luxuries, eventually establishes her innocence and marries Pippo after all.
# Taraire rufolineata

Taraire rufolineata is a species of Tetragnathidae spider that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described as Linyphia rufo-lineata in 1889 by Arthur Urquhart from male and female specimens collected from the summit of Te Aroha. It was most recently revised in 2020, in which it was transferred to the Taraire genus. The syntype is stored in Canterbury Museum.

## Description

The female is recorded at 6.6mm in length whereas the male is 8.2mm.

## Distribution

This species is known from scattered localities in New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Not Threatened".
# Bhiksha

Bhiksha (Sanskrit: भिक्षा, bhikṣā; Pali: 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸, bhikkhā) is a term used in Indic religions, such as Jainism, Buddhism and Hinduism, to refer to the act of alms or asking. Commonly, it is also used to refer to food obtained by asking for alms.

## Buddhism

In Buddhism, bhiksha takes the form of the monastic almsround (Pali: 𑀧𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀟𑀘𑀸𑀭, piṇḍacāra), during which monks make themselves available to the laity to receive alms food (Pali: 𑀧𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀟𑀧𑀸𑀢, piṇḍapāta).
Buddhist monks are called bhikkhu (Pali) or bhikṣu (Sanskrit) while nuns are called bhikkhunī (Pali) or bhikṣunī (Sanskrit) which translates to 'almsman' and 'almswoman' respectively.

## Hinduism

Bhiksha signifies a Hindu tradition of asking for alms with the purpose of self-effacement or ego-conquering. Other forms of giving and asking include dakshina (offering a gift to the guru) and dāna (an unreciprocated gift to someone in need).
Usually, bhiksha is the meal served to a sadhu sanyasi or monk when that person visits a devout Hindu household. Occasionally, bhiksha has also referred to donations of gold, cattle, and even land, given to Brahmanas in exchange for karmakanda. It is given by disciples to a guru as an offering as well.
Bhiksha is incorporated into religious rituals as well, a prominent one being the bhikshacharanam, which includes begging for alms. In such a ritual, after thread ceremony must beg for alms, stating, "bhavati bhiksham dehi".
The concept of a deity or being seeking bhiksha occurs in Hindu literature such as the Ramayana. In this epic, in order to lure Sita out of her hermitage, Ravana disguises himself as a Parivrajaka begging for alms. When she subsequently offers him bhiksha, he abducts her to Lanka upon his pushpaka vimana.
# Walter H. Butler

Walter Halben Butler (February 13, 1852 – April 24, 1931) was a lawyer, teacher, newspaper publisher, and one-term Democratic U.S. Representative from Iowa's 4th congressional district, then located in northeastern Iowa.

## Biography

Born in Springboro, Pennsylvania on February 13, 1852, Butler moved to Minnesota in 1868 with his parents, who settled in Mankato, in Blue Earth County. He attended public and private schools, and graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1875. He was a wrestler and sprinter there, and is credited as the first to run the 100-yard dash in 10 seconds.
After studying law, he was admitted to the bar in 1875 and commenced practice in Princeton, Wisconsin. He moved to Iowa in 1876 and taught school at La Porte City until 1878, and at Manchester until 1880.
He moved to West Union, Iowa, in 1883 and became owner and publisher of the Fayette County Union. From 1885 to 1889, he served as superintendent of the Railway Mail Service's tenth division, at St. Paul, Minnesota. He returned to West Union, and resumed his former newspaper pursuits.
In 1890, Butler was nominated as a Democrat to run against incumbent Republican U.S. House Representative Joseph Henry Sweney from the 4th congressional district. After defeating Sweney in the general election as part of a Democratic landslide, he served in the Fifty-second Congress. In 1892 he was defeated in his first re-election bid, by former Republican Congressman Thomas Updegraff. Butler served in Congress from March 4, 1891 to March 3, 1893.
After leaving Congress, he returned to northeastern Iowa for five years. He moved to Des Moines, Iowa, in 1897 and to Kansas City, Missouri, in 1907. He engaged in the real estate and loan business and, later in banking. He died in Kansas City on April 24, 1931. He was interred at Forest Hill Calvary Cemetery in Kansas City.