OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joyce C. Stearns

Joyce Clennam Stearns (June 23, 1893 – June 11, 1948) was an American physicist and an administrator on the Manhattan Project. He resigned from the Manhattan Project in July 1945 to become dean of faculty at Washington University in St. Louis. He also served as the director of the Metallurgical Laboratory at the University of Chicago from November 1944 through July 1945.
Stearns has frequently been identified as a member of the Target Committee that selected the Japanese cities onto which the first atomic bombs were dropped. However, the oft cited Target Committee memos omit the given names or initials of “Dr. Stearns.” General Leslie Groves' memoirs identify his appointee "J.C. Stearns" as coming "from [General Henry H.] Arnold’s office.” Scholars including Gene Dannen and Sean Malloy have noted that an error must have been introduced in Groves' memoir, perhaps by a copy editor, as Dr. Robert L. Stearns was indeed affiliated with Arnold's office as a civilian who conducted operational research for the air force during the war, while Joyce Stearns was then director of the Met Lab. It therefore seems probable that Robert, and not Joyce, was the Dr. Stearns who served on the Target Committee.
Stearns was one of the seven prominent physicists who signed the Franck Report in June 1945, urging that the atomic bombs not be dropped in a populated area.
Stearns’ other duties at the Met Lab included training personnel who would be sent to the plutonium enrichment facility in Hanford, Washington. He was also responsible for recruiting numerous other scientists into the Manhattan Project, including his former student Harold Agnew, who went on to become the director of the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Darol Froman, who became the Deputy Director of LANL in the postwar years.
Stearns resigned from the Manhattan Project in July 1945 to become dean of faculty at Washington University in St. Louis, following his friend, colleague, and former mentor Arthur Compton, who became chancellor. Stearns held this position for only three years, before he died of cancer on June 11, 1948.
Compton wrote Stearns' obituary for the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, which was founded by members of the Franck Committee immediately following the war. In it, Compton acknowledged Stearns' contributions to the Manhattan Project, but emphasized his accomplishments before it and outside of it. He noted: Stearns grew up in the vicinity of Kingfisher, Oklahoma, and he earned his bachelor's degree at the now defunct Kingfisher College. After earning his master's and doctoral degrees in physics at the University of Chicago under Compton, Stearns went on to become a professor and later chairman of the department of physics at the University of Denver. His research there included investigation of cosmic rays at a high altitude laboratory atop Mount Blue Sky. In the course of establishing his laboratory there, Stearns worked with Denver City Parks to have a road to the summit built. The scenic byway remains the highest paved road in the United States. In 1941 Stearns was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society.
# San Anton School

San Anton School is a private co-educational school located in Mselliet, near Mġarr, Malta. The school was founded in 1988 in the village of Attard, close to the President's San Anton Palace, giving the school its name.

## Headmaster

The current acting principal is Bernardette Stivala following the death of headmaster Sandro Spiteri. He was appointed as headmaster in June 2020, and died in December 2021.
# Liston Stadium

Liston Stadium is a sport stadium in Baldwin City, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by Baker University for college football, track and field, and soccer. It is also host to other university and city athletic and non-athletic events. The facility is also used for local high school football games.
The stadium was named for former Baker football coach and athletic director Emil Liston.
# Reply (song)

"Reply" is a song by American rapper A Boogie wit da Hoodie featuring fellow American rapper Lil Uzi Vert. It was released on November 15, 2019, by Highbridge and Atlantic Records as the second single from the former's third studio album Artist 2.0 (2020). Written alongside producers Go Grizzly and JoeFromYO, the music video for the song was released on June 18, 2020.

## Composition and critical reception

In the song, A Boogie and Lil Uzi ask women if they would reply to them on their phones when they write to them. Reflecting on their relationships with women, they bemoan over their love interests not returning their affection. Trey Alston of MTV called the song "beautiful with a chill melody and a relaxing groove."

## Charts

| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 54 |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 16 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 49 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 22 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 40,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# La Négresse

La Négresse (1952–53) by Henri Matisse is a gouache découpée, made of cut pieces of colored paper.

## Medium

Starting in the 1930s, Matisse began to experiment with creating art by cutting paper into shapes. By 1950, he had primarily shifted to this mode of art making, perhaps because his health and disabilities made painting on a large scale difficult. These "cut-outs" were often mural-sized and made from pieces of paper painted with gouache.
La Négresse was first pinned onto the wall at his apartment in Nice, France around 1952. He rearranged the composition until early 1953. It takes up an entire wall. A newspaper review called the figure "a giantess."

## Subject or Inspiration

La Négresse may be inspired by Josephine Baker, a black American dancer whose popularity reached its height in Paris during the 1920s and 1930s. One of Baker's famous outfits was a skirt made from bananas, which Matisse may be invoking in the orange-yellow forms around the figure's waist. Baker's association with jazz music may have also inspired Matisse, who had previously designed a book titled Jazz (1947). Matisse's depiction has been criticized as reiterating "racialized clichés in the enlarged belly and hips." Others have proposed that Matisse presented black women as beautiful.
Other scholars propose that the figure may be of another famous dancer, Yvette Chauviré. Matisse had created an earlier work about a dancer (Creole Dancer, 1950) that art critic Louis Aragon identified as Katherine Dunham, who Matisse had seen perform. The work may also be an imagined dancer or amalgamation of the previously discussed figures.

## Reception

The work has been praised as "the culmination of Matisse's art." It was acquired by the National Gallery of Art in 1973.
In 2018, the work was referenced in the title of Denise Murrell's exhibition and catalog Posing Modernity: the Black Model from Manet to Matisse.
# The Queen of Spades (1910 film)

The Queen of Spades, (Russian: Пиковая дама) is a 1910 Russian short film directed by Pyotr Chardynin.

## Plot

The film is based on the 1834 short story "The Queen of Spades" by Alexander Pushkin.

## Starring

* Pavel Biryukov as Germann (as P. Biryukov)
* Aleksandra Goncharova as Liza
* Antonina Pozharskaya as Countess (as A. Pozharskaya)
* Andrey Gromov as Tomskiy
# Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia

Spotsylvania Courthouse is a census-designated place (CDP) and the county seat of Spotsylvania County, Virginia, United States, located 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Fredericksburg. Recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP), the population was 5,610 at the 2020 census.
During the American Civil War, the crossroads community became a Union objective during the Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse, fought May 8–21, 1864. The battle, which ended in stalemate, included a brutal 20-hour struggle over a section of the Confederate defenses that became known as the "Bloody Angle". The site of the Bloody Angle and other portions of the battlefield are preserved as part of Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County Battlefields Memorial National Military Park and administered by the National Park Service. The Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park includes three cemeteries. Over 15,000 Union soldiers, many unidentified, are buried in the Fredericksburg National Cemetery. The other two cemeteries are dedicated to fallen Confederate soldiers.

## Geography

Spotsylvania Courthouse is located at 38°12′7″N 77°35′15″W﻿ / ﻿38.20194°N 77.58750°W﻿ / 38.20194; -77.58750 (38.202080, −77.587499).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the census designated place (CDP) has a total area of 10.8 square miles (28.0 km$^2$), of which 10.7 square miles (27.8 km$^2$) is land and 0.07 square mile (0.2 km$^2$) (0.63%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 3,833 people, 1,233 households, and 1,009 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 443.1 people per square mile (171.1/km$^2$). There were 1,268 housing units at an average density of 146.6/sq mi (56.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 80.93% White, 15.05% African American, 0.21% Native American, 1.02% Asian, 0.63% from other races, and 2.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.79% of the population.
There were 1,233 households, out of which 50.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.0% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.1% were non-families. 13.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.11 and the average family size was 3.42.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 34.2% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 33.4% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 5.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $55,872, and the median income for a family was $60,893. Males had a median income of $42,004 versus $30,494 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,052. About 8.1% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.0% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.
# Field archery at the 2001 World Games

The field archery tournaments at the 2001 World Games in Akita was played between 17 and 19 August. 90 archers, from 18 nations, participated in the tournament. The archery competition took place at Opas Skiing Spot.

## Participating nations

* Australia (3)
* Austria (5)
* Belgium (2)
* Finland (1)
* France (10)
* Great Britain (7)
* Hong Kong (1)
* Hungary (3)
* Italy (8)
* Japan (14)
* Netherlands (6)
* New Zealand (4)
* Norway (4)
* Slovenia (6)
* Sri Lanka (1)
* Sweden (8)
* Switzerland (1)
* United States (6)

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | United States | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | Italy | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | Sweden | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 4 | France | 1 | 0 | 4 | 5 |
| 5 | Austria | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Great Britain | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Slovenia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Totals (7 entries) | Totals (7 entries) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 18 |

## Events
### Men's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Recurve details | Jay Barrs United States | Michele Frangilli Italy | Fulvio Verdecchia Italy |
| Compound details | Dave Cousins United States | Björn Andersson Sweden | Hervé Dardant France |
| Barebow details | Erik Jansson Sweden | Žare Krajnc Slovenia | Mattias Larsson Sweden |

### Women's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Recurve details | Carole Ferriou France | Elisabeth Grube Austria | Laure Barczynski France |
| Compound details | Michelle Ragsdale United States | Giorgia Solato Italy | Françoise Volle France |
| Barebow details | Barbara Guiducci Italy | Patricia Lovell Great Britain | Odile Boussière France |
# Doris Lindsey Holland Rhodes

Doris Lindsey Holland Rhodes (December 12, 1909 – May 30, 1997) was the first woman ever to serve as a member of the Louisiana State Legislature.

## Background

Doris N. Lindsey was born in Greensburg, the seat of government of St. Helena Parish, one of the Florida Parishes of southeastern Louisiana. The daughter of Hollis Womack Lindsey and the former Minerva Thompson, she lived nearly all of her life in Greensburg, located south of the border with Mississippi and some fifty miles northeast of the state capital of Baton Rouge.
Her first husband, Thomas Myers Holland (1900-1936), a member of the Louisiana State Senate from St. Helena and neighboring Tangipahoa Parish, died in March 1936, leaving her as a 27-year-old widow with two children, Philip and Dorothy Jane.

## Political life

In May 1936, the governor of Louisiana appointed Mrs. Holland to replace her husband as a state senator. She won a special election to complete his term, which extended until 1940. She did not seek a second term in the Senate but instead ran for and was elected and served two terms in the Louisiana House of Representatives from St. Helena Parish.
A woman did not again serve in the state Senate until 1976, when Virginia Shehee of Shreveport began a single term of service in the body. Shehee, also an insurance businesswoman, was the first Louisiana state senator who did not succeed a husband in the position.
Upon leaving politics in 1948, Holland edited and published the family-owned newspaper, the St. Helena Echo, and worked as an insurance agent. She retired in 1968, when she married bank president and department store owner James Harrell Rhodes of Zachary in East Baton Rouge Parish. Apparently the two were married for only a short time, as Rhodes died on June 12, 1968. After Rhodes' death, she remained active in civic matters and the United Methodist Church.
Holland was a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Her Senate and House colleagues subsequently named her to the alumni board of the legislature; Governor Edwin W. Edwards honored her at the 1992 Governor's Conference on Women. A Democrat, she was inducted in 1994 as a charter member of the Louisiana Center for Women and Government Hall of Fame at Nicholls State University in Thibodaux. In 2004, she was posthumously inducted into the Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame in Winnfield. Inducted along with Holland Rhodes was later female state Senator Virginia Shehee.
Holland died in the spring of 1997 at the age of eighty-seven. Along with her first husband and her parents, she is interred at Greensburg Cemetery.
# Liriomyza marginalis

Liriomyza marginalis is a species of fly in the family Agromyzidae.

## Distribution

United States, West Indies, Brazil.
# Prästost

Prästost ("priest cheese") is a Swedish cheese with historical roots in Sweden's one-time custom of paying tithes with agricultural goods including milk. Milk spoils easily so most farms instead produced a small eyed cheese that had its curing process started by mixing in a small batch of fermented curds. This was common practice from the 16th through 19th centuries. Today, this style of cheese once produced in churches across Sweden is factory-made from pasteurized cow's milk.
Prästost is sometimes soaked or cured in whisky or other spirits; Saaland Pfarr is one such whisky-soaked variant. A version of prästost aged for 12 months and cured in Absolut vodka has been marketed as VODCheese.
A 1969 USDA booklet describes the manufacturing technique for one whisky-cured style of prästost:
    Fresh, whole milk is set with rennet at a temperature of 90°F. When the curd is very firm, it is cut coarsely, then put in a sieve to allow the whey to drain off. The curd is collected in a cloth and kneaded to expel more whey. Whisky is mixed with the curd, then the curd is packed in a basket and salt is sprinkled on the surface. Curing is done in a cool, moist cellar. The cloth covering is changed daily for 3 days, and the cheese is washed with whisky after the third day.
In Sweden, Prästost is produced by Arla Foods (under the Arla brand and the Falbygdens Ost brand), Skånemejerier (under the Skånemejerier brand and the Allerum brand) and Wernersson Ost. It is also sold at Lidl under Lidl's own brand name Matriket.
# Lecuyer

Lecuyer or L'Écuyer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Charlotte L'Écuyer (1943–2021), Canadian politician
* Claude L'Écuyer (born 1947), Canadian politician
* Doug Lecuyer (born 1958), Canadian retired ice hockey player
* Gerald L'Ecuyer (born 1959), Canadian film and television director
* Gerard Lecuyer (born 1936), Canadian politician from Manitoba
* Jacques Lécuyer (1912–1999), French general and resistance leader
* Jean Lécuyer, French track and field athlete
* John L'Écuyer (born 1966), Canadian film and television director
* Matthieu Lecuyer (born 1980), French sports car racer
# Compound of four tetrahedra

Compound of 4 digonal antiprisms :
| Type | Uniform compound |
| Index | UC$_{23}$ (n=4, p=2, q=1) |
| Polyhedra | 4 digonal antiprisms (tetrahedra) |
| Faces | 16 triangles |
| Edges | 32 |
| Vertices | 16 |
| Symmetry group | D$_{8h}$, order 32 |
| Subgroup restricting to one stella octangula | O$_h$, order 48 D$_{4h}$, order 16 |
In geometry, a compound of four tetrahedra can be constructed by four tetrahedra in a number of different symmetry positions.

## Uniform compounds

A uniform compound of four tetrahedra can be constructed by rotating tetrahedra along an axis of symmetry C$_2$ (that is the middle of an edge) in multiples of $\pi /4$. It has dihedral symmetry, D$_{8h}$, and the same vertex arrangement as the convex octagonal prism.
This compound can also be seen as two compounds of stella octangulae fit evenly on the same C$_2$ plane of symmetry, with one pair of tetrahedra shifted $\pi /4$. It is a special case of a p/q-gonal prismatic compound of antiprisms, where in this case the component p/q = 2 is a digonal antiprism, or tetrahedron.
Below are two perspective viewpoints of the uniform compound of four tetrahedra, with each color representing one regular tetrahedron:
Perspectives :
| Top view | Side view |
Four tetrahedra that are not spread equally in $\pi /4$ angles over C$_2$ can still hold uniform symmetry when allowed rotational freedom. In this case, these tetrahedra share a symmetric arrangement over the common axis of symmetry C$_2$ that is rotated by equal and opposite angles. This compound is indexed as UC$_{22}$, with parameters p/q = 2 and n = 4 as well.

## Other compounds

A nonuniform compound can be generated by rotating tetrahedra about lines extending from the center of each face and through the centroid (as altitudes), with varying degrees of rotation.
A model for this compound polyhedron was first published by Robert Webb, using his program Stella, in 2004, following studies of polyhedron models:
With edge-length as a unit, it has a surface area equal to
$S={\frac {1291}{210\cdot {\sqrt {3}}}}\approx 3.5493$.
This compound is self-dual, meaning its dual polyhedron is the same compound polyhedron.
# Williams X-Jet

The Williams X-Jet, created by Williams International, was a small, single-person, light-weight, Vertical Take Off and Landing (VTOL) aircraft powered by a modified Williams F107 turbofan aircraft engine — designated WR-19-7 — after some minor modifications. The vehicle was nicknamed "The Flying Pulpit" for its shape. It was designed to carry one operator and to be controlled by leaning in the direction of desired travel and by modulating engine output power. It could move in any direction, accelerate rapidly, hover and rotate on its axis, stay aloft for up to 45 minutes and travel at speeds up to 60 miles per hour (97 km/h). It was evaluated by the United States Army in the 1980s, but was deemed inferior to the capabilities of helicopters and small, uncrewed aircraft, and so the development of the X-Jet was discontinued.
Other VTOL systems developed by Williams International included a jet-powered flying belt, developed in 1969, which was powered by a Williams WR19 turbofan, and X-Jet's predecessor, the WASP I (Williams Aerial Systems Platform), which was developed in the 1970s and was powered by the more powerful WR19-9 BRP5, rated at 670 lbf (2.98 kN) thrust and a specific fuel consumption of 0.47 lb/lbf·h (13.31 g/kN·s).
U.S. patent 4,447,024 was issued for the Williams X-Jet. Technical information and drawings are available at the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The WASP II uses a slightly modified and derated version of the WR-19-A7D, yielding 600 lbf thrust from its micro turbofan engine and is designated WR19-7, rated at 570 lbf thrust, after minor modifications and said derating. Modifications to the WR-19-A7D included accessories — replacement of pyro starter with electric/air start — and exhaust system modifications. No internal modifications to the counter-rotating micro turbofans were performed. The first crewed, untethered flight was conducted in April 1980. Ray Le Grande is one of the WASP II operators trained by Williams International to fly the X-Jet.

## Specifications (X-Jet)

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 3 ft (0.91 m) approx.
* Height: 4 ft 0 in (1.22 m)
* Empty weight: 401 lb (182 kg)
* Gross weight: 550 lb (249 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Williams F107 turbofan engine, 570 lbf (2.5 kN) thrust (modified)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 52 kn (60 mph, 96 km/h)
* Endurance: 30–45 minutes
* Service ceiling: 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
* Thrust/weight: 1.11
# Carl Dieudonné

Carl Dieudonné (30 November 1783 – 10 April 1825) was a co-founder of Dieudonné & Schiedmayer, a firm in Stuttgart that built pianos. He founded the firm together with Johann Lorenz Schiedmayer, and the Schiedmayer firm continued to build pianos well into the 20th century.
Dieudonné was born in Stuttgart, as the son of a principal court ballet dancer, and trained in Vienna with the piano builder Nannette Streicher. In Vienna, he is also assumed to have met Schiedmayer, whose cousin he later married. They founded the firm in 1806, and eventually became court suppliers ("Hoflieferant"). In 1824, shortly before his death, Schiedmayer and Dieudonné published a brief manual "on the proper use and knowledge concerning the playing, tuning, and maintenance of fortepianos, especially those made in the workshop of Dieudonné and Schiedmayer in Stuttgart". This book was reproduced in 1994 by the Gulde Verlag in Germany. Pianos built by Dieudonné and Schiedmayer are believed to be in museums in Stuttgart, Tübingen, Donaueschingen, Basel, Munich, Liège and other locations.