OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anton Brugmans

Anton Brugmans (1732–1789) was a Dutch physicist who proposed a two-fluid theory of magnetism. He did magnetism experiments by putting objects on water or mercury, using surface tension to make them float and magnets to move them. He discovered the diamagnetism of bismuth.

## Publications

* Tentamina philosophica de materia magnetica eiusque actione in ferrum et magnetem (in Latin). Franeker: Willem Coulon. 1765.
* Tentamina philosophica de materia magnetica eiusque actione in ferrum et magnetem, 1765
# Margaret of Saxony, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Margarete of Saxony (4 August 1469 in Meissen – 7 December 1528 in Weimar) was a Saxon princess of the Ernestine line of the house Wettin by birth and by marriage a Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

## Life

Margarete was a daughter of the Elector Ernest of Saxony (1441–1486) from his marriage to Elizabeth (1443–1484), a daughter of the Duke Albert III of Bavaria-Munich. Her brothers Frederick the Wise and John the Steadfast were Electors of Saxony; her sister Christina was Queen of Denmark.
Margarete married on 27 February 1487 in Celle with Duke Henry I of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1468–1532). Henry had already been sent to the Saxon court as a 12-year-old. Marriage negotiations presumably began in 1469, as Henry's father, Otto V had formed an alliance with Margarete's uncle William. The Saxon side had delayed the marriage until the expansion of the Celle Castle was completed, as the district and castle of Celle had been promised to Margarete as her wittum.
Margarete died in 1528 and was buried in the Church of St. Peter and Paul in Weimar.

## Issue

* Anna (born: 1492; died young)
* Elisabeth (1494–1572), married in 1518 Duke Charles II of Guelders (1467–1538)
* Otto I (1495–1549), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg married in 1527 Meta of Campe (died: 1580)
* Ernest I the Confessor (1497–1546), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, married in 1528 Princess Sophia of Mecklenburg (1508–1541)
* Apollonia (1499–1571), nun
* Anna (1502–1568), married in 1525 Duke Barnim IX of Pomerania (1501–1573)
* Francis (1508–1549), Duke of Brunswick-Gifhorn, married in 1547 princess Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg (1518–1576)
# Jan Albert Sichterman

Jan Albert Sichterman (September 19, 1692 – January 15, 1764) was a Dutch East India Company employee who went to Bengal and returned to his hometown of Groningen and built a palatial home for himself known as the Sichtermanhuis at Ossenmarkt. He also collected fine artwork and some of his collections were acquired by the Groninger Museum. Sichterman was also involved in the transport of the famous rhinoceros Clara to the Netherlands.
Sichterman was born in Groningen, son of Margaretha Celosse and infantry officer Galenus. He followed his father in a military career. In 1715, following a duel in which his opponent was killed, he fled and joined the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (Dutch East India Company) and left in 1716 to live in Batavia for a year before becoming a junior merchant in Bengal. He served as a cashier at Cossimbazar from 1719. In 1721, he married Sibylla Volkera daughter of the a high ranking company officer in Bengal, Jacob Sadelijn and his wife Anna Francoise Pelgrom. The Sadelijn and Pelgrom families were very influential. In 1723 he moved to Batavia following conflict with the director for Bengal, Pieter Vuyst. Vuyst was replaced by Jacob Sadelijn in 1724 and Sichterman moved back and became a "Fiscaal" (=treasurer) at Hooghly. In 1731 he became an in-charge of Cossimbazar and in 1733 he replaced Rogier Berenaart on his death taking care of the director's position for Bengal. In 1734 he was formally appointed director for Bengal. In 1742 he constructed, at his own cost, a church at Chinsurah and owned land in the area which he called Sichtermanswijk. He retired in 1744 and returned to the Netherlands in 1745.
Sichterman used his influence and power to become wealthy and personally traded in materials. His network included the Frenchman Joseph Dupleix and his Dutch agent Gerard Pauw. It was the norm was the Dutch agents to keep good terms with the local rulers through the exchange of gifts. The Nawab of Dhaka was typically given cash and this was reciprocated once by a live elephant to Beerenaart. A similar gift was received in 1739 of a female baby rhinoceros which Sichterman raised at home. When the rhino grew big, he handed her to a Dutch trading ship captain, Douwe Mout van der Meer who took it back to Europe where she became a celebrity - Clara. Before moving to the Netherlands, he acquired and built a home at Ossemarkt. He began work in 1743 with help from A. J. Trip and had the architecture designed by Theodorus van der Haven. He moved into the home in 1745 where parts housed his collections of fine art objects. He also owned a country summer home "Woellust" in Wildervank. After his death, his widow sold off his belongings to pay off debts.
* Plan of Sichtermanhuis
* As the build stands today following its division
* Wife Sybilla and daughters
# Charles François Prosper de Hemricourt de Grunne

Charles François Prosper Count de Hemricourt de Grunne (1875 – 24 April 1937 in Amiens) was a Belgian nobleman, politician and mayor.
Charles was War volunteer in the First World War. He was elected mayor of Aalter, and took office between 1921 and 1932. Charles had constructed Loveld Castle in Aalter, and decorated it with the heritage of his mother in French Style.

## Honours

* Knight of the Order of Leopold.
* War Cross
* knight of the Legion of Honour.
# Numa T. Delouche

Numa T. Delouche (October 10, 1888 – July 7, 1965), was a Democrat from Cloutierville in south Natchitoches Parish, who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives for one term between 1944 and 1948, along with Sylvan Friedman of nearby Natchez, Louisiana.
Delouche was married to Mary Vercher (1903–1979); their child, Numalee Pauline Delouche (1928–1934) died at the age of six. The Delouches are interred at St. John the Baptist Catholic Church Cemetery in Cloutierville.
* United States
* Politics
* Christianity
# H. M. Fowler

Hendrix Marion Fowler (February 13, 1918 – September 16, 2014) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 24th district of the Louisiana House of Representatives.
Fowler was born in Coushatta, Louisiana, the son of Zula Fair and Angus Jesse Fowler. He was the brother of Douglas Fowler, who was Louisiana elections commissioner. He attended Martin High School and Northwestern State University, leaving to serve in the United States Army in World War II. After his discharge he built a house for his parents.
Fowler was the mayor of Coushatta, Louisiana from 1951 to 1971. where he succeeded his brother Douglas. The following year he was elected for the 24th district of the Louisiana House of Representatives, serving until 1986.
Fowler died in September 2014, at the age of 96.
# Portobello

Portobello, Porto Bello, Port of Bello, Porto Belo, Portabello, or Portabella may refer to:

## Places
### Brazil

* Porto Belo

### Ireland

* Portobello, Dublin
* Cathal Brugha Barracks, Dublin formerly Portobello Barracks

### New Zealand

* Portobello, New Zealand, on Otago Peninsula
* Portobello Marine Laboratory
* Portobello Bay, on Otago Peninsula near the town of Portobello
* Portobello Peninsula, a spur of Otago Peninsula

### Panama

* Portobelo, Colón

### United Kingdom

* Portobello, Edinburgh
* Portobello Road, London
* Portobello, an area south-east of Birtley
* Portobello, West Midlands
* Portobello, a housing estate in Wakefield, West Yorkshire

### United States

* Portabello Estate, Corona Del Mar, California; previously owned by American businessman Frank Pritt
* Porto Bello (Drayden, Maryland)
* Porto Bello (Williamsburg, Virginia)

## Other uses

* Agaricus bisporus, commonly known as the portobello mushroom
* Porto Bello (Caribbean), a fictional British colony in the Long John Silver film and The Adventures of Long John Silver TV series
* Portobello (novel), a 2008 novel by Ruth Rendell
* Portobello Books A publishing house founded in 2005 by Sigrid Rausing, a Granta Books imprint after Rausing's 2006 purchase of Granta
* Portobello House, Vale of Glamorgan, South Wales
# Loggia del Mercato Nuovo

The Loggia del Mercato Nuovo (Italian pronunciation:), popularly known as the Loggia del Porcellino (IPA:), is a building in Florence, Italy. It is so called to distinguish it from the Mercato vecchio (IPA:; "old market") that used to be located in the area of today's Piazza della Repubblica.

## History

The loggia was built around the middle of the 16th century in the heart of the city, just a few steps from the Ponte Vecchio. Initially, it was intended for the sale of silk and luxury goods and then for the famous straw hats, but today mainly leather goods and souvenirs are sold.
In the corner niches statues of famous Florentines were intended to be placed, but only three were made at the end of the 19th century: Michele di Lando by Ippazio Antonio Bortone, Giovanni Villani by Gaetano Trentanove, and Bernardo Cennini by Emilio Mancini.
The focal point of the loggia is the Fontana del Porcellino (IPA:; "fountain of the piglet"), actually a copy of a bronze wild boar by Pietro Tacca from the sixteenth century marble. In 2008 the Pietro Tacca's masterpiece was replaced with a modern copy cast by Ferdinando Marinelli Artistic Foundry in 1998. The original marble of the Porcellino can be found at Museo Bardini. Popular tradition has it that rubbing the nose brings fortune, so over time, the statue has acquired a certain shine in that spot. Visitors are encouraged to place a coin in the mouth of the boar after rubbing its nose, and superstition implies that the wish will be granted if the offering tumbles through the grate whence the water flows. The slope of the grate is such that most coins do fall through, and are collected by the city. There is a copy of the Porcellino outside Sydney Hospital and passers-by drop coins and rub its nose in the same way.

## Pietra dello scandalo

Another oddity of the place is the so-called pietra dello scandalo (IPA:; "stone of shame"), a round spot marked in bicoloured marble at the centre of the loggia, which is only visible when no sales stalls are there. The design reproduces one of the wheels of a medieval Carroccio, symbol of the Florentine republic, on which the city's standard was hoisted daily. The Carroccio was placed on this spot and Florentine troops met around it before every battle.
The spot was later chosen for another purpose, whence its alternative name pietra dell'acculata (IPA:; approximately "stone of the bum punishment"). During the Renaissance, the punishment of insolvent debtors included being chained to a post on this spot and then paddled repeatedly on the naked buttocks. The popular expression stare col culo a terra ("to have one's ass on the ground") and the word sculo (a dialectal word for "misfortune") may have originated from this practice.

## Other images

* The bronze of the Porcellino.
* The pietra dello scandalo.
* Night view, without sales stalls.
# Noah B. Cloud

Noah Bartlett Cloud (January 26, 1809 – November 5, 1875) was an American educator, surgeon, and politician. He served as Alabama's "Superintendent of Public Instruction", the superintendent of public schools after the American Civil War; and served as a state representative for Montgomery County, Alabama, in 1873 in the Alabama House of Representatives. As Alabama School Superintendent he sought to establish a public school system in Alabama for both white and black students. He was labeled a "scalawag" by Southerners.

## Biography

Noah B. Cloud was born on January 26, 1809, in Edgefield District (now Edgefield County), South Carolina. He graduated from Jefferson Medical College in Pennsylvania in 1835. He was a member of the Whig Party, the Union Party, and then a Republican. He moved to Macon County, Alabama in 1838.
Cloud served as a surgeon in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War (1861–1865). After the war he was appointed the first to be Alabama's "Superintendent of Public Instruction" (now Alabama State Superintendent of Education) for the Alabama State Department of Education. On September 1, 1868, Cloud and University of Alabama's president Arad Simon Lakin were the subject's of a Klan cartoon published in the Tuscaloosa Independent Monitor (see image). The cartoon featured images of the two educators lynched and hanging from a tree in the "City of Oaks" (or Tuscaloosa), with a KKK-labeled donkey below them, walking away.
He edited the Cotton Planter magazine (later known as The American Cotton Planter and Soil of the South). He married Mary M. Barton. He had a farm on Uchee Creek in Russell County, Alabama.
Some of his correspondence as superintendent of education are extant.
# Hypercubic honeycomb

| A regular square tiling. 1 color | A cubic honeycomb in its regular form. 1 color |
| A checkboard square tiling 2 colors | A cubic honeycomb checkerboard. 2 colors |
| Expanded square tiling 3 colors | Expanded cubic honeycomb 4 colors |
| 4 colors | 8 colors |
In geometry, a hypercubic honeycomb is a family of regular honeycombs (tessellations) in n-dimensional spaces with the Schläfli symbols {4,3...3,4} and containing the symmetry of Coxeter group R$_n$ (or B$^~$$_{n–1}$) for n ≥ 3.
The tessellation is constructed from 4 n-hypercubes per ridge. The vertex figure is a cross-polytope {3...3,4}.
The hypercubic honeycombs are self-dual.
Coxeter named this family as δ$_{n+1}$ for an n-dimensional honeycomb.

## Wythoff construction classes by dimension

A Wythoff construction is a method for constructing a uniform polyhedron or plane tiling.
The two general forms of the hypercube honeycombs are the regular form with identical hypercubic facets and one semiregular, with alternating hypercube facets, like a checkerboard.
A third form is generated by an expansion operation applied to the regular form, creating facets in place of all lower-dimensional elements. For example, an expanded cubic honeycomb has cubic cells centered on the original cubes, on the original faces, on the original edges, on the original vertices, creating 4 colors of cells around in vertex in 1:3:3:1 counts.
The orthotopic honeycombs are a family topologically equivalent to the cubic honeycombs but with lower symmetry, in which each of the three axial directions may have different edge lengths. The facets are hyperrectangles, also called orthotopes; in 2 and 3 dimensions the orthotopes are rectangles and cuboids respectively.
| δ$_n$ | Name | Schläfli symbols | Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams | Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams | Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams |
| δ$_n$ | Name | Schläfli symbols | Orthotopic {∞}$^{(n)}$ (2$^m$ colors, m < n) | Regular (Expanded) {4,3$^{n–1}$,4} (1 color, n colors) | Checkerboard {4,3$^{n–4}$,3$^{1,1}$} (2 colors) |
| δ$_2$ | Apeirogon | {∞} | | | |
| δ$_3$ | Square tiling | {∞}$^{(2)}$ {4,4} | | | |
| δ$_4$ | Cubic honeycomb | {∞}$^{(3)}$ {4,3,4} {4,3$^{1,1}$} | | | |
| δ$_5$ | 4-cube honeycomb | {∞}$^{(4)}$ {4,3$^2$,4} {4,3,3$^{1,1}$} | | | |
| δ$_6$ | 5-cube honeycomb | {∞}$^{(5)}$ {4,3$^3$,4} {4,3$^2$,3$^{1,1}$} | | | |
| δ$_7$ | 6-cube honeycomb | {∞}$^{(6)}$ {4,3$^4$,4} {4,3$^3$,3$^{1,1}$} | | | |
| δ$_8$ | 7-cube honeycomb | {∞}$^{(7)}$ {4,3$^5$,4} {4,3$^4$,3$^{1,1}$} | | | |
| δ$_9$ | 8-cube honeycomb | {∞}$^{(8)}$ {4,3$^6$,4} {4,3$^5$,3$^{1,1}$} | | | |
| δ$_n$ | n-hypercubic honeycomb | {∞}$^{(n)}$ {4,3$^{n-3}$,4} {4,3$^{n-4}$,3$^{1,1}$} | ... | ... |
# Igor Sadykov

Igor Sadykov (born 23 July 1967 in Osh) is a Soviet and German male former weightlifter, who competed in the first heavyweight class. He represented the Soviet Union until 1992 and Germany from 1993 at international competitions. He won the gold medal at the 1991 World Weightlifting Championships after winning silver at the 1990 World Weightlifting Championships. For Germany he won the bronze medal at the 1993 World Weightlifting Championships He participated at the 1996 Summer Olympics in the 99 kg event. He won the gold medal at the 1991 European Championships in the Sub-Heavyweight.
# Rowland Reading Foundation

Rowland Reading Foundation is a non-profit organization based in Middleton, Wisconsin. Founded by Pleasant Rowland in 2004, it promotes the Rowland Reading Program, including Superkids Reading Program and Happily Ever After, a reading readiness program.
On April 18, 2010, the Foundation launched a media campaign to encourage Wisconsin public schools to adopt the Superkids Reading Program.
In 2015, the Foundation announced that its Superkids Reading Program had been purchased by educational publisher Zaner-Bloser.
# Cue sports at the 2022 World Games

The 2022 World Games had four cue sports events, which took place in July 2022, in Birmingham, Alabama in United States, at the Birmingham Jefferson Convention Complex. Originally scheduled to take place in July 2021, the Games were rescheduled for July 2022 as a result of the 2020 Summer Olympics postponement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Participating nations

* Argentina (1)
* Austria (2)
* Bahrain (1)
* Belgium (1)
* Bosnia and Herzegovina (1)
* Brazil (1)
* Canada (2)
* Chinese Taipei (2)
* Colombia (2)
* Costa Rica (2)
* Ecuador (1)
* Egypt (2)
* Germany (5)
* Great Britain (3)
* Hong Kong (1)
* India (2)
* Italy (1)
* Japan (2)
* Kuwait (1)
* Netherlands (1)
* New Zealand (2)
* Pakistan (1)
* Peru (1)
* Philippines (2)
* Poland (3)
* Qatar (2)
* Singapore (1)
* South Africa (1)
* South Korea (2)
* Spain (2)
* Sweden (1)
* Thailand (1)
* Turkey (2)
* United States (8)
* Vietnam (1)

## Medal table

* Host nation (United States)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Great Britain | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 2 | Germany | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | Hong Kong | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | Netherlands | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Chinese Taipei | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Colombia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Egypt | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 9 | Belgium | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 9 | Japan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 9 | Singapore | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (11 entries) | Totals (11 entries) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's 3-cushion carom details | Dick Jaspers Netherlands | Jose Juan Garcia Colombia | Eddy Merckx Belgium |
| Men's 9-ball pool details | Joshua Filler Germany | Sanjin Pehlivanović Bosnia and Herzegovina | Aloysius Yapp Singapore |
| Women's 9-ball pool details | Kelly Fisher Great Britain | Chou Chieh-yu Chinese Taipei | Yuki Hiraguchi Japan |
| Men's snooker details | Cheung Ka Wai Hong Kong | Abdelrahman Shahin Egypt | Darren Morgan Great Britain |
# Wajida Tabassum

Wajida Tabassum (16 March 1935 – 7 December 2011) was an Indian writer of fiction, verses and songs in the Urdu language. She wrote 27 books. Some of her stories have been made into movies and Indian television serials. Her controversial 1975 story titled "Utran" (translated as 'Cast-Offs' or 'Hand-Me Downs') was made into a popular soap opera on Indian television in 1988. "Utran" was reprinted in English translation as part of an anthology of 20 short stories titled Such Devoted Sisters in 1994, and from there was made into a movie in 1996 under the title Kama Sutra: A Tale of Love, with a script by Mira Nair and Helena Kriel.

## Biography

Wajida Tabassum was born in Amravati, Maharashtra in 1935. She graduated from Osmania University with a degree in Urdu language. After graduation her family moved from Amravati to Hyderabad where she started writing stories in Urdu in the Dakhini dialect from 1940 in the backdrop of the aristocratic social life of Hyderabad. She married her cousin Ashfaq Ahmad in 1960; he was employed with Indian Railways. After his retirement he published all her books. They settled in Bombay and had five children, four sons and one daughter.
Wajida Tabassum's stories started appearing in the monthly magazine Biswin Sadi ('twentieth century'). These stories were erotic in style as she brought out the life styles of the Hyderabadi nawabs, which was considered "luxurious and amorous". Her collection of stories was first published as Shahr-e Mamnu ('Forbidden City') in 1960; it became very popular and received critical acclaim. Literary critic Mujtaba Hussain observed that "she was the first story writer after Chughtai who can be called sahib-e-asloob, a writer with distinct style." He also lamented that she crossed the "limits of decorum (and decency)" in her stories. The story titled "Utran" (meaning 'discarded clothes'), which was made into a film and a Hindi TV serial, was a literary achievement for her. Her other stories titled "Nath ka bojh" (Burden of The Nose-Ring), "Haur Upar" (A little Higher) and "Nath Utarwai" (Removal of the nose-ring) were controversial, as there was more of an erotic element in these stories. During the 1960 and 1970s the erotic stories which she wrote were published in the magazine titled Shama, for which she received very handsome payments at that time. However, she withdrew from the writing scene as she suffered from arthritis and led a secluded life in her home in Mumbai, although her house was used for shooting of films. She died on 7 December 2011 in Mumbai.

## Publications

Apart from "Utran", some of her other published books are:
* Teh Khana (1968)
* Kaise Samjhaoon (1977)
* Phul Khilne Do (1977)
* Zakhm-e Dil aur Mahak, aur Mahak (1978)
* Zar Zan Zamin (1989).
# William Pike Hall Sr.

William Pike Hall Sr. (October 19, 1896 – December 16, 1945) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Louisiana State Senate.

## Life and career

Hall was born in Mansfield, Louisiana, the son of Ida Jack and W. P. Hall, a judge. He attended Centenary College of Louisiana, Sewanee: The University of the South, Tulane University and Columbia Law School. He was an attorney.
In 1924, Hall was elected to the Louisiana State Senate, serving until 1932, when he was succeeded by Cecil Morgan.
Hall died in December 1945, at the age of 49.
# Lipkovo Municipality

Lipkovo (Macedonian: Липково, Albanian: Likovë) is a municipality in the north part of North Macedonia. Lipkovo is also the name of the village where the municipal seat is found. Lipkovo Municipality is part of the Northeastern Statistical Region.

## Geography

The municipality borders Serbia and Kosovo to the north, Čučer-Sandevo Municipality to the west, the City of Skopje to the southwest, Aračinovo Municipality to the south and Kumanovo Municipality to the east.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 North Macedonia census, Lipkovo Municipality has 22,308 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the municipality:
| | 2002 | 2002 | 2021 | 2021 |
| | Number | % | Number | % |
| TOTAL | 27,058 | 100 | 22,308 | 100 |
| Albanians | 26,360 | 97.42 | 21,560 | 96.65 |
| Macedonians | 169 | 0.62 | 33 | 0.15 |
| Serbs | 370 | 1.37 | 4 | 0.01 |
| Bosniaks | 6 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.01 |
| Turks | | | 1 | 0.004 |
| Vlachs | 1 | 0.004 | | |
| Other / Undeclared / Unknown | 152 | 0.566 | 5 | 0.024 |
| Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources | | | 701 | 3.14 |

## Timeline of Lipkovo Municipality
### Installation of Municipality

* 1996 Municipality inaugurated

### 21st century

* 2000 Usamedin Alili elected Mayor
* 2001 Insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia
** Operation MH - 2, Operation Vaksince, Kumanovo Water Crisis 2001, Operation Essential Harvest, Battle of Matejče, Battle of Slupčane
* 2002 Population: 27,058
* 2005 Bekjir Sakipi elected Mayor
* 2008 Northeastern Statistical Region formed
* 2009 Sadula Duraki elected Mayor
* 2011 Ismet Jashari monument built in Ropaljce
* 2012 Hospital built
* 2013 Sadula Duraki elected Mayor 2nd term
* 2015 Gošince attack

## People

* Ismet Jashari, from Orizari KLA fighter, KIA in Kosovo

## Culture

* Matejče Monastery
* Halit Efendi Mosque
* Jusuf Efendi Mosque