OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Township (Scotland)

In Scotland a crofting township is a group of agricultural smallholdings (each with its own few hectares of pasture and arable land (in-bye land)) holding in common a substantial tract of unimproved upland grazing. Each township comprises a formal legal unit. Like older Scottish land measurements, such as the davoch, quarterland and oxgang, the extent of a township often varies according to the quality of the land it is on, and this can range from a hundred to a few thousand hectares. There is often a substantial tract of unimproved upland common grazing - known as a "shieling" or "àirigh" which is held in common. This tends to be used in the summer, but with the advent of fertilisers it is often used in colder times as well.
In reference to the history of Scotland, a township is often called a toun (the Lowland Scots word for a township), although before the Anglic language Scots became widespread in Scotland the word baile was more commonly used.
Traditional townships were largely wiped out during the Highland Clearances. Auchindrain in Argyll, once occupied by up to seven tenant families who farmed the land cooperatively, was the last to survive. This was down to the 19th century landowner, the 8th Duke of Argyll, who decided that splitting the township into individual crofts would not be financially viable and encouraged his tenants to modernise their methods. The final tenant departed Auchindrain in 1963. The traditional houses and other buildings still stand, and have been turned into an open-air museum.
# Shanghai–Hangzhou high-speed railway

The Shanghai–Hangzhou high-speed railway (Chinese: 沪杭客运专线 or 沪杭高速铁路), also known as the Huhang high-speed railway or Huhang passenger railway is a high-speed rail line in China between Shanghai and Hangzhou, Zhejiang. The line is 202 km (126 mi) in length and designed for commercial train service at 350 km/h (215 mph). It was built in 20 months and opened on October 26, 2010. The line shortened travel time between the two cities from 78 to 45 minutes. The line is also used by trains departing Shanghai's terminals for Nanchang, Changsha, Guiyang, and Kunming making it part of the Shanghai–Kunming High-Speed Railway. It has made the proposed Shanghai–Hangzhou Maglev Line unlikely.

## Speed records

In September 2010, a test train on the Shanghai-Hangzhou high-speed line achieved a speed of 416.6 km/h (258.9 mph) setting a Chinese train speed record.
In October 2010, Chinese officials stated that a bullet train on the Huhang high-speed railway had set a new world record for train speed on a scheduled trip at 262 mph (422 km/h).

## Etymology

"Hù" (沪) is the official abbreviation for Shanghai and "Háng" (杭) stands for Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang Province.

## Station list

There are nine railway stations on the line:
* Shanghai Hongqiao railway station
* Shanghai Songjiang railway station
* Jinshan North railway station
* Jiashan South railway station
* Jiaxing South railway station
* Tongxiang railway station
* Haining West railway station
* Linping South railway station
* Hangzhou East railway station
* Hangzhou railway station
On July 1, 2013, the new Hangzhou East station was opened which serves the Shanghai–Hangzhou Passenger Railway, as well as the Hangzhou–Ningbo high-speed railway, the Nanjing–Hangzhou Passenger Railway, and the Hangzhou–Changsha high-speed railway.
From 2025, a branch line to Shanghai South will open to relieve overcrowding at Hongqiao station.
| Station | Chinese | Distance (km) | Prefecture-level city | Province / Municipality | Metro transfers |
| Shanghai Hongqiao | 上海虹桥 | 0.00 | Shanghai | Shanghai | 2  10  17 |
| Songjiang South | 松江南 | 31.00 | Shanghai | Shanghai | 9 |
| Jinshan North | 金山北 | 48.00 | Shanghai | Shanghai | |
| Jiashan South | 嘉善南 | 67.00 | Jiaxing | Zhejiang | |
| Jiaxing South | 嘉兴南 | 84.00 | Jiaxing | Zhejiang | Jiaxing Tram Line 1 |
| Tongxiang | 桐乡 | 112.00 | Jiaxing | Zhejiang | |
| Haining West | 海宁西 | 133.00 | Jiaxing | Zhejiang | Hanghai |
| Linping South | 临平南 | 144.00 | Hangzhou | Zhejiang | 9  Hanghai |
| Hangzhou East | 杭州东 | 159.00 | Hangzhou | Zhejiang | 1  4  6  19 |
| Hangzhou | 杭州 | 169.00 | Hangzhou | Zhejiang | 1  5 |
# Josiah Crudup

Josiah Crudup (January 13, 1791 – May 20, 1872) was a U.S. Congressman from North Carolina between 1821 and 1823.
Crudup was born in Wakelon, North Carolina in Wake County, the son of Elizabeth (Battle) and Josiah Crudup, a Baptist minister. Crudup attended a private school in Louisburg, North Carolina, and then Columbian College (now George Washington University) in Washington, DC. He studied theology and was ordained as a Baptist minister, which was his profession his entire life.
Also a farmer and slave owner, Crudup was elected to the North Carolina Senate from Wake County in 1820, but was forced to vacate his office because the state constitution at the time forbade "a minister of the Gospel, while exercising his ministerial functions, to hold a public office." In the 1850 US Federal Census Slave Schedule, Crudup is listed as enslaving 52 men, women and children; by 1860, according to the US Federal Census Slave Schedule, that number had increased to 64.
In 1821, he was elected to the 17th United States Congress and served for one term, from March 4, 1821 to March 3, 1823. Although he ran for re-election in 1822, he was narrowly defeated by Willie P. Mangum and returned to farming and the ministry. Crudup was a delegate from Granville County to the 1835 North Carolina Constitutional Convention, and died in Kittrell, North Carolina in 1872; he is buried in his family cemetery near Kittrell. Among his descendants is actor Billy Crudup.
# Espen Nystuen

Espen Nystuen (born 19 December 1981) is a former Norwegian footballer.
Nystuen previously played for Kongsvinger. A part of the community since he was a child, he had never played for any other club until he was sold to Stabæk ahead of the 2006 season. He was sold from Stabæk to Sandefjord in March 2008, before signing for Lillestrøm as a free agent in March 2012. Before the season of 2013 he once again signed for Kongsvinger. This time with a divided role as the club's CEO and a player.
Espen Nystuen is the son of former Kongsvinger player and coach Erik Nystuen. After the 2016 Nystuen decide to retire to focus on his job as a CEO.

## Career statistics

| Club | Season | Division | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| 2006 | Stabæk | Tippeligaen | 15 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| 2007 | Stabæk | Tippeligaen | 9 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| 2008 | Sandefjord | Adeccoligaen | 27 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 2 |
| 2009 | Sandefjord | Tippeligaen | 27 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 28 | 1 |
| 2010 | Sandefjord | Tippeligaen | 29 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 31 | 1 |
| 2011 | Sandefjord | Adeccoligaen | 27 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 30 | 3 |
| 2012 | Lillestrøm | Tippeligaen | 18 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 20 | 1 |
| 2013 | Kongsvinger | Adeccoligaen | 23 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 25 | 4 |
| 2014 | Kongsvinger | 2. divisjon | 15 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 17 | 1 |
| 2016 | Kongsvinger | OBOS-ligaen | 22 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 27 | 1 |
| Career Total | Career Total | Career Total | 212 | 14 | 20 | 0 | 232 | 14 |
# Greathed Manor

Greathed Manor, Dormansland, Surrey, is a Victorian country house. Designed by the architect Robert Kerr in 1862–68, it is a Grade II listed building.

## History

Greathed Manor, originally called Ford Manor, was designed by Robert Kerr for the Spender-Clay family, and was completed in 1868. The actress Joyce Grenfell was related to the family by marriage and often visited the house. Accounts of her time there are described in her autobiography “Joyce Grenfell Requests the Pleasure”. In 1904 Herbert Spender-Clay, MP and founder of the 1922 Committee, married Pauline Astor, daughter of the American billionaire William Waldorf Astor. The couple lived at the house until 1937.
Greathed Manor was requisitioned by the British Government during both World Wars. In the Great War it became a Hospital for wounded American Army officers. In the Second World War it was used as the Headquarters of a Canadian Armoured Division in the run-up to D-Day. It acted as temporary premises for the London College of Divinity between 1947 and 1957. The house was renamed Greathed Manor when the widowed Pauline Spender-Clay built a smaller house in the grounds of the original building, and requested that the new house be called Ford Manor. The original building was then leased by the Country Houses Association (CHA), which renamed the house after their Founder, Admiral Greathed. In 2008, following the collapse of the CHA, Greathed Manor was converted to a private nursing home, and is currently operated by Pressbeau Ltd.

## Architecture

Kerr was an influential mid-Victorian architect who wrote The Gentleman's House - Or, How To Plan English Residences, From The Parsonage To The Palace, published in 1864. Kerr's influence was greater than his talent; the architectural critic Ian Nairn described Greathed as; "over-confident, making no concessions to the landscape or anything else, without any (...) artistic sincerity, an extreme example of a justly neglected type". The architectural historian Mark Girouard was no more complimentary, describing the house as "appalling" and Kerr's most significant work, Bearwood House, as of a "design [...] as heavyweight as (its) technology".
The manor is of stone, and mainly of three storeys. Until renovations in 1912, the building had a large porte-cochère at the front, and a winter garden at the rear.
# Xylomoia

Xylomoia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Xylomoia apameoides Hacker, 1989
* Xylomoia chagnoni Barnes & Benjamin, 1917
* Xylomoia fusei Sugi, 1976
* Xylomoia graminea (Graeser, [1889])
* Xylomoia indirecta (Grote, 1875)
* Xylomoia retinax Mikkola, 1998
* Xylomoia stangelmaieri Mikkola, 1998
* Xylomoia strix Mikkola, 1980

## Former species

* Xylomoia didonea is now Photedes didonea (Smith, 1894)
# Renato Salvatori

Renato Salvatori (20 March 1933 – 27 March 1988) was an Italian actor.
Born in Seravezza, Province of Lucca, Salvatori began his career in his teens playing juvenile, romantic roles. After working with directors such as Luchino Visconti, Roberto Rossellini and Vittorio De Sica, he developed into one of Italy's strongest character actors.
He met French actress Annie Girardot on the set of the film Rocco and His Brothers (1960) and married her on 6 January 1962. They had a daughter, Giulia; later the couple separated but never divorced.
Salvatori died in Rome of liver cirrhosis on 27 March 1988.

## Selected filmography

* Three Girls from Rome (1952) - Augusto Terenzi
* The Three Pirates (1952) - Il Corsaro Rosso - Rolando di Ventimiglia
* Good Folk's Sunday (1953) - Giulio
* Jolanda, the Daughter of the Black Corsair (1953) - Ralf, figlio di Morgan
* What Scoundrels Men Are! (1953) - Carletto
* Public Opinion (1954) - Mario
* The Virtuous Bigamist (1956) - Gino - le frère de Maria
* Poor, But Handsome (1957) - Salvatore
* Husbands in the City (1957) - Mario
* Pretty But Poor (1957) - Salvatore
* Oh! Sabella (1957) - Raffaele Rizzullo
* Big Deal on Madonna Street (1958) - Mario Angeletti
* Mogli pericolose (1958) - Federico Carpi
* ...And the Wild Wild Women (1959) - Piero
* Poor Millionaires (1959) - Salvatore
* Policarpo (1959) - Mario Marchetti
* Winter Holidays (1959) - Gianni
* The Magliari (1959) - Mario Balducci
* Audace colpo dei soliti ignoti (1959) - Mario Angeletti
* Vento del sud (1959) - Antonio Spagara
* Escape by Night (1960) - Renato Balducci
* Rocco and His Brothers (1960) - Simone Parondi
* Two Women (1960) - Florindo, il camionista (uncredited)
* A Day for Lionhearts (1961) - Orlando
* Disorder (1962) - Mario
* Le glaive et la balance (1963) - François Corbier
* The Shortest Day (1963) - Soldato
* Omicron (1963) - Omicron / Angelo
* La banda Casaroli (1963) - Paolo Casaroli
* The Organizer (1963) - Raoul
* Three Nights of Love (1964) - Nicola (segment "La vedova")
* The Reckless (1965) - Ettore Zambrini
* How to Seduce a Playboy (1966) - Boy Schock
* Her Harem (1967) - Gaetano
* Z (1969) - Yago
* Burn! (1969) - Teddy Sanchez
* The Light at the Edge of the World (1971) - Montefiore
* The Burglars (1971) - Renzi
* Indian Summer (1972) - Marcello
* State of Siege (1972) - Captain Lopez
* Au rendez-vous de la mort joyeuse (1972) - Henri
* The Burned Barns (1973) - The Hôtelier
* A Brief Vacation (1973) - Franco Mataro, the husband
* The Suspect (1975) - Gavino Pintus
* Flic Story (1975) - Mario Poncini
* The Gypsy (1975) - Jo Amila, dit "Jo le boxeur"
* Illustrious Corpses (1976) - Police commissary
* Live Like a Cop, Die Like a Man (1976) - Pasquini
* The Last Woman (1976) - Rene
* Todo modo (1976) - Dr. Scalambri
* Armaguedon (1977) - Albert, called 'Einstein'
* Ernesto (1979) - Cesc
* La Luna (1979) - Communist
* Oggetti smarriti (1980) - Davide
* The Cricket (1980) - Carburo
* Asso (1981) - Bretella
* Tragedy of a Ridiculous Man (1981) - Colonel (final film role)
# Joensuu sub-region

Joensuu sub-region is a subdivision of North Karelia and one of the sub-regions of Finland since 2009.

## Municipalities

| Municipality | Population | Land area (km$^2$) | Density (/km$^2$) | Finnish speakers | Swedish speakers | Other speakers |
| Heinävesi | 2,938 | 1,030 | 3 | 97 % | 0.3 % | 4 % |
| Ilomantsi | 4,372 | 2,763 | 2 | 96 % | 0.3 % | 4 % |
| Joensuu | 78,764 | 2,382 | 33 | 92 % | 0.1 % | 7 % |
| Juuka | 4,158 | 1,502 | 3 | 99 % | 0 % | 3 % |
| Kontiolahti | 15,048 | 800 | 19 | 98 % | 0.1 % | 2 % |
| Liperi | 11,956 | 727 | 16 | 98 % | 0 % | 2 % |
| Outokumpu | 6,440 | 446 | 14 | 93 % | 0.1 % | 6 % |
| Polvijärvi | 4,002 | 805 | 5 | 100 % | 0.1 % | 2 % |
| Total | 127,678 | 10,454 | 12 | 94 % | 0.1 % | 6 % |

## Politics

Results of the 2018 Finnish presidential election:
* Sauli Niinistö 63.9%
* Pekka Haavisto 11.0%
* Paavo Väyrynen 6.9%
* Laura Huhtasaari 6.7%
* Matti Vanhanen 4.7%
* Tuula Haatainen 3.8%
* Merja Kyllönen 2.6%
* Nils Torvalds 0.4%
62°36′08″N 29°45′47″E﻿ / ﻿62.60227°N 29.76316°E﻿ / 62.60227; 29.76316
* This Eastern Finland location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# List of cult films: Q

This is a list of cult films organized alphabetically by name. See List of cult films for main list.

## List of cult films

* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
| Film | Year | Director |
| Q – The Winged Serpent | 1982 | Larry Cohen |
| Quadrophenia | 1979 | Franc Roddam |
| Quatermass and the Pit (also known as Five Million Years to Earth) | 1967 | Roy Ward Baker |
| The Quatermass Xperiment (also known as The Creeping Unknown) | 1955 | Val Guest |
| Queen Christina | 1933 | Rouben Mamoulian |
| Queen Margot (also known as La Reine Margot) | 1994 | Patrice Chéreau |
| Queen of Blood | 1966 | Curtis Harrington |
| Queen of Outer Space | 1958 | Edward Bernds |
| The Queen of Sheba Meets the Atom Man | 1963 | Ron Rice |
| Querelle | 1982 | Rainer Werner Fassbinder |
| A Question of Silence | 1982 | Marleen Gorris |
| Quick Change | 1990 | Howard Franklin and Bill Murray |
| Quiet Days in Clichy | 1970 | Jens Jørgen Thorsen |
| The Quiet Earth | 1985 | Geoff Murphy |
| The Quiet Man | 1952 | John Ford |
# Les Mauvais Garçonnes

Les Mauvais Garçonnes (レ・モーヴェ・ギャルソンヌ) was a Japanese cover rock band under the Giza Studio label in years 2001–2002.

## History

On 9 May 2001, they've made debut with cover single Ai no Sanka (愛の賛歌). The original song Hymne à l'amour is performed by singer (Édith Piaf. The translation lyric provided Tokiko Iwatani. B side track consist of two remixes. In the media, it was broadcast as an commercial song for a drink Love and Peach. Their debut single was smash hit, it reached #40 on Oricon Weekly Charts and it sold more than 30,000 copies.
In September they've announced the series of 3 cover singles released each month. The main jacket cover will be picture of their mascot French bulldog Luna.
On 3 October, they've released second cover single Idol wo Sagase (アイドルを探せ). B side track consist of two remixes. The original song: La plus belle pour aller danser is performed by French singer Sylvie Vartan).
On 7 November, they've released third cover single Sans toi ma mie (サン・トワ・マミー). B side track consist of two remixes. The original song Sans toi ma mie is performed by Belgian singer Salvatore Adamo.
On 5 December, they've released fourth and final cover single Barairo no Jinsei (バラ色の人生). The intro and outro are performed not in Japanese but in French. B side track consist of three remixes. The original song La Vie en rose is performed by Édith Piaf.
The following singles didn't achieve as big success as debut single and as result failed to rank on Oricon Weekly charts.
On December, their debut single was included in Giza Studio's compilation album Giza Studio Masterpiece Blend 2001.
In March 2002, after releasing first compilation cover album Ai no Sanka, the band activities has vanished. It's unknown whenever they've disbanded or are on hiatus, no official statement was never published.

## Members

* NAGANO TOMOKA – vocals
* Natsuko Sakao (紗加尾夏子, Sakao Natsuko) – vocals
* Mikiko Mizuno (水野幹子, Mizuno Mikiko) – guitar

## Discography

All four singles have been arranged by Sakae Yamaguchi and two album tracks by Akihito Tokunaga.

### Singles

| | Release Day | Title | Rank |
| 1st | 5/9/2001 | Ai no Sanka (愛の賛歌) | 40 |
| 2nd | 3/10/2001 | Idol wo Sagase (アイドルを探せ) | – |
| 3rd | 7/11/2001 | Sans toi ma mie (サン・トワ・マミー) | – |
| 4th | 5/12/2001 | Barairo no Jinsei (バラ色の人生) | – |

### Studio album

| Release Day | Title | Rank |
| 6/03/2002 | Ai no Sanka | – |

### Compilation album

| Release Day | Title | Album track | Rank |
| 19/12/2001 | Giza Studio Masterpiece Blend 2001 | Disc1 M#10 Ai no Sanka | 13 |

## Magazine appearances

From Music Freak Magazine:
* Vol.78 2001/5 (Ai no Sanka interview)
* Vol.83 2001/10 (Idol wo Sagase interview)
* Vol.84 2001/11 (Sans toi ma mie interview)
* Vol.85 2001/12 (Barairo na Jinsei interview)
* Vol.88 2002/3 (Album Ai no Sanka liner notes)
# Felix Stridsberg-Usterud

Felix Stridsberg-Usterud (born 3 November 1994) is a Norwegian freestyle skier.
Felix competed in the 2017–18 FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup and represented Norway in slopestyle at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang.
# Sophie Taillé-Polian

Sophie Taillé-Polian (French pronunciation:; née Taillé; born 4 October 1974) is a French politician who has represented Val-de-Marne's 11th constituency in the National Assembly since 2022. She previously served as a Senator for Val-de-Marne from 2017 to 2022.
# Clara Bonanad

Clara Bonanad is a clinical cardiologist at the University Clinical Hospital, Valencia in the department of Cardiology.

## Education

Bonanada earned her PhD in Medicine at the University of Valencia in 2016 and her PhD thesis is “Prognostic impact of Geriatric Syndromes in Acute Coronary Syndromes”.

## Research and career

Her research on sex differences in the influence of frailty in senior outpatients with heart failure, as well as Bending Oxygen Saturation index (BOSI) and the Risk of Worsening Heart Failure Events in Chronic Heart Failure.

## Publications

* Sex differences in the impact of frailty in elderly outpatients with heart failure. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.
* Infective Endocarditis in the Elderly: Challenges and Strategies. Journal of Cardiovascular development and disease.
* Cardiovascular prevention in elderly patients. Journal of Geriatric Cardiology.
* Antithrombotic Therapy in Elderly Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes. Journal of clinical medicine.
* Evaluation of the Use of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy beyond the First Year after Acute Coronary Syndrome&quot;. Journal of clinical medicine.
# Roger Naslain

Prof. Roger R. Naslain (born 20 November 1936) is a French chemical and physical scientist. He has been a professor at the University of Bordeaux 1 since 1969.
Professor Naslain received his master's degree in chemical and physical sciences from the University of Rennes and his doctoral degree in chemistry from the University of Bordeaux. He then did a postdoctoral work at the General Electric R&D Center. Dr. Naslain is the author or co-author of more than 300 papers, co-author of 17 patents, and editor or co-editor of eight books on composite materials and four special issues of scientific journals devoted to ceramic-matrix composites.
He was the first Director of the Institute for Composite Materials (IMC), an organization created to promote technology transfer from the aerospace industry to small companies and to deliver continuing education in the field of composites. Professor Naslain was for 15 years the Director of the Laboratory for Thermostructural Composites (LCTS), which was established to conduct fundamental and applied research on ceramic-matrix composites. The research at the LCTS focuses on ceramic fibers, the interphase/interface, processing, mechanical behavior, and environmental effects.

## Subsequent work

Professor Naslain and his colleagues designed and experimentally validated the chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) process, a technique to manufacture large parts from C/SiC and SiC/SiC composites for aerospace applications. In 1977, he and his team were probably the first to manufacture a ceramic matric composite. Both the Société Européenne de Propulsion (now Safran Ceramics) in Bordeaux and the DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware (now General Electric), employ this approach. Dr. Naslain's other research interests include synthesis and crystal chemistry of alkali metal borides, crystal chemistry of boron-rich borides, and interfacial phenomena in metal-matrix or ceramic-matrix composites.

## Awards and honours

Dr. Naslain is a member of the editorial board of Composites Sciences and Technology and a member of various international academies and scientific committees. He is Officer in the order of Légion d'Honneur and in that of Palmes Académiques.
* 1991 - Medal of Excellence in Composite Materials, delivered by the Center for Composite Materials
* 2000 - International Ceramics Prize 2000, Class: Basic Research, delivered by the World Academy of Ceramics
* 2004 - Distinguished Lifemember of the American Ceramic Society
# Lawrence R. Gibson

Lawrence R. Gibson (September 15, 1912 – February 2, 2004) was an American politician and businessman.
Born in La Crosse, Wisconsin, Gibson went to University of Minnesota and University of Wisconsin–La Crosse. Gibson was a designer supervisor and was secretary and director of the Trane Employees Credit Union. From 1952 to 1955, Gibson served on the La Crosse Common Council and the Mary E. Sawyer Auditorium Board. In 1973, Gibson served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican.