OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck

August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (13 February 1652 – 26 September 1689) was a Danish nobleman. From 1675 until his death, he was the ruling Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck. He was the second duke of this appanage.

## Life

August was the eldest son of Duke August Philip (1612-1675) and his wife, Countess Marie Sibylle of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1628-1699). Four of his younger brothers and four sisters survived into adulthood. His father was the fifth son of Duke Alexander and a grandson of John II, the founder of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg line.
The Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck was named after Beck House, a manor in Ulenburg, which is today the smallest borough of Löhne, a town in north-eastern North Rhine-Westphalia. At the time, Ulenburg was situated in the Bishopric of Minden. In 1648, the Margraviate of Brandenburg acquired the area. Brandenburg was expanding its army and needed soldiers and officers. The prime requirement for becoming an officer was noble birth. Consequently, it was only natural for August to pursue a military career. His became a Major general in the Brandenburg army.
August died of dysentery on 26 September 1689 in Bonn. He was succeeded by his son Frederick William I.

## Marriage and issue

In 1676, August married Hedwig Louise of Lippe-Alverdissen (1650-1731), a daughter of Count Philip I, the founder of Schaumburg-Lippe line of the House of Lippe. Together, they had two children:
* Dorothea Henriette (1678 – after 1755)
* Frederick William I (1682-1719), married Marie Antoinette of Sanfré

## Ancestors

Ancestors of August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck :
# Ernst Steinhauer

Ernst Steinhauer (9 December 1925 – 8 November 2005) was a West German sprint canoer who competed in the mid to late 1950s. He won two medals at the 1954 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Mâcon with a gold in the K-2 500 m and a bronze in the K-2 10000 m events.
Steinhauer competed for the United Team of Germany at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, finishing eighth in the K-1 1000 m event.
# Edvin Paulsen

Edvin Paulsen (3 December 1889 – 13 March 1963) was a Norwegian gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Norwegian gymnastics team, which won the bronze medal in the gymnastics men's team, Swedish system event.
# Ernst Sabeditsch

Ernst Sabeditsch (6 May 1920 – 30 June 1986) was an Austrian footballer and coach.

## Career

Sabeditsch had a spell in Colombia with Samarios during the 1951 season.
# Martha E. Long

Martha E. Long was a state legislator in Colorado. A Republican, she represented Denver County from 1925–1928.
She sponsored and co-sponsored several bills including one for appropriations in support of the State Home for Dependent and Neglected Children. She and Minnie C. T. Love introduced a bill to allow women to serve on juries.
# Ming (clam)

Ming (c. 1498 or 1499–2006), also known as Hafrún, was an ocean quahog clam (Arctica islandica, family Arcticidae) that was dredged off the coast of Iceland in 2006 and whose age was calculated by counting annual growth lines in the shell. Ming was the oldest individual (non-clonal) animal ever discovered whose age could be precisely determined.
Thought to be 405 years old, Ming was later determined to be 507 years old, although the clam had previously been killed to make this determination. The size of the clam was 87 mm × 73 mm (3.4 in × 2.9 in).

## Name

The clam was initially named Ming by Sunday Times journalists, in reference to the Ming dynasty in China, during which it was born. Later, the Icelandic researchers on the cruise which discovered the clam named it Hafrún, a woman's name which translates roughly as 'the mystery of the ocean'; taken from haf, 'ocean', and rún, 'mystery'. The actual sex of the clam, however, is unknown, as its reproductive state was recorded as "spent".

## Original discovery

The clam was dredged off the northern coast of Iceland in 2006. In 2007, on the basis of counting the annual growth bands on the cross-sectional surface of the hinge region of the shell, researchers announced that the clam was 405 years old. The research was carried out by researchers from Bangor University. In the process, the clam died.
Professor Richardson said that the existence of such long-lived species could help scientists discover how some animals reach such advanced ages.
The mollusk's long life came to an end in 2006 when the researchers—unaware of the animal's exceptional age—froze the specimen, killing it in the process.

## Revision of age

In 2013, another assessment of the age of the clam was carried out counting bands which were measured on the sectioned surface of the outer shell margin and this was verified by comparing the banding patterns with those on other shells that were alive at the same time; this confirmed that the clam was 507 years old when it was caught. The revised age estimate is also supported by carbon-14 dating; marine biologist Rob Witbaard commented that he considers this second assessment accurate to within 1–2 years.
# Neuilly-Plaisance station

Neuilly-Plaisance station is a train station in Neuilly-Plaisance, Seine-Saint-Denis, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of Gare de Lyon in Paris.

## Description

The station is on A4 branch of RER line A, on a bridge over the Marne.
As of 2019, the estimated annual attendance by the RATP Group was 5,924,171 passengers.

## Service
### Train

The station is served by trains to Paris and to Marne-la-Vallée. During peak hours, 6–12 trains serve the station in both directions. At off-peak times the average waiting time is 10 minutes, or 15 minutes during the evening.

### Bus connections

The station is served by several buses:
* RATP Bus:
** 113  (to Nogent-sur-Marne and Chelles)
** 114  (to Vincennes and Villemomble)
** 203  (to Neuilly-sur-Marne)
** 214  (to Gagny)
* Noctilien network:
** N34 (to Paris (Gare de Lyon) and Torcy)
** N141 (to Paris (Gare de l'Est) and Meaux)
# Wólka, Hajnówka County

Wólka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czyże, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.
# Eltanin Fault System

The Eltanin fault system (Eltanin fracture zone) is a series of six or seven dextral transform faults that offset the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, a spreading zone between the Pacific plate and the Antarctic plate. This is extending by up to 7.93 cm/year (3.12 in/year). It was named after the oceanographic ship USNS Eltanin.

## Description

The affected zone of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge is about 800 km (500 mi) long, between 56° S, 145° W and 54.5° S, 118.5° W, southwest of Easter Island, and about as far as one can get from land on planet Earth (48°52.6′S 123°23.6′W). However, the total offset is about 1600 km. The two major faults in the Eltanin fracture zone are the Heezen transform fault and the Tharp transform fault, usually known as fracture zones as they extend inactively from the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge. A third named after Hollister, which is the shortest to the south, also exists and its active transform region has been linked to the other transform regions of the Eltanin fault system. They are about 1,000 km (620 mi) long and have been in the last 50 years the location of many earthquakes of up to M$_w$6.4. One segment of the Heezen transform has ruptured with an average repeat interval of 4 years. Others related faults include the Vacquier transform fault, the Menard transform fault, and the Udintsev fault.
To the northwest, in an almost linear fashion as seafloor features, are the Hollister Ridge and the Louisville Seamount Chain.
# Erwin Schädler

Erwin Schädler (8 April 1917 – 1991) was a German international footballer.
# Pentti Koskinen

Pentti Koskinen (24 July 1943 – 8 March 2023) was a Finnish diver. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics, the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Vue de toits (Effet de neige)

Vue de toits (Effet de neige) (English title: View of rooftops (Effect of snow)) is an oil painting by French impressionist Gustave Caillebotte executed in the winter of 1878 and 1879. The canvas measures 81 by 65 centimetres (32 in × 26 in). It was originally gifted by Caillebotte's brother in 1894 to the Musée du Luxembourg, then transferred to the Musée du Louvre in 1929. In 1947, it was moved to the Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume, which held many impressionist works in France after World War II. In 1986, it was transferred again to the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, where it is currently displayed. The painting is one of the few Caillebotte works that have remained in public view since the artist's death in 1894.
Caillebotte created many paintings showing urban Paris from unexpected perspectives, such as a streetscape seen from indoors in Jeune homme à la fenêtre (1875), or the exaggerated perspective of Rue de Paris, temps de pluie (1877). Vue de toits depicts snow-covered rooftops in Montmartre, Paris from a high vantage point, possibly a balcony. Here Caillebotte employs a largely monochromatic palette of grays, adding additional color to highlight building features. This perspective was not at all common in French paintings, and in fact Caillebotte may have been inspired by the photographic works of Hippolyte Bayard.
The painting was first shown at the fourth Impressionist Exhibition held in Paris in 1879, one of 25 works Caillebotte brought to the show. At the time, it did not garner much interest from the crowds, who preferred his portraits and nautical images. However, this image, and one other showing views of rooftops at that show, are now considered important works.
# Vasili Sofiadellis

Vasili Sofiadellis is a South African former soccer player who played as a midfielder.

## Career

Sofiadellis started his career with South African side Bloemfontein Celtic. He debuted for the club at the age of fifteen. Sofiadellis was described as one of the Bloemfontein Celtic's "most talented players from the 1990s". After that, he signed for South African side AmaZulu.

## Personal life

After retiring from professional football, Sofiadellis worked as an accountant. He also worked as an entrepreneur.
# Vicki Hodge

Vicki Alexandra Hodge (born 17 October 1946) is an English actress and model. She appeared in the films Every Home Should Have One (1970), Layout for 5 Models (1972), The Stud (1974), and Confessions of a Sex Maniac (1974), as well as the TV series Hazell. She was interviewed extensively for the "Starring John Bindon" programme in the Real Crime television series about her relationship with John Bindon.

## Life and career

Hodge was born at Timbers Chase, her family's country house in Chiddingfold, Surrey, the third daughter of Sir John Rowland Hodge, 2nd Baronet, a Lieutenant Commander in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve, second lieutenant in the Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry, and Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, and his second wife Joan, daughter of Sydney Foster Wilson. She attended the Legat School of Russian Ballet, when it was at Finchcocks, Goudhurst, Kent. She then attended the Lucie Clayton School of Modelling and was photographed by David Bailey, amongst others.
From 1968 to 1981, Hodge was the girlfriend of Fulham gangster and actor John Bindon. She is also a former girlfriend of Prince Andrew, Duke of York; an item about their relationship appeared in the News of the World in 1984.
In 1969, she married (George) Ian Alexander Heath (died 1996), son of Sir Barrie Heath, once a chairman of GKN; they divorced in 1980. Her sister, Wendy Kidd (née Hodge) is mother of Jodie Kidd and Jemma Kidd.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 "Births". The Times. The Times Digital Archive. 23 October 1946. p. 1.
* 1 2 3 Mosley, Charles, ed. (2003). Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Vol. 2 (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage Ltd. p. 1932.
* ↑ Steve Wraith (29 May 2017), Real Crime John Bindon, archived from the original on 1 November 2019, retrieved 12 May 2018
* ↑ Hoare, Philip (6 November 1993). "Obituary: John Bindon". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
* ↑ "Bob Warren: former news editor of The News of the World". The Times. 15 January 2009. Archived from the original on 23 May 2010.
# Maman Quta

Maman Quta (Aymara mamani falcon, hawk, quta lake, "falcon lake", Hispanicized spelling Maman Khota, Maman Kkota) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Bolivian Andes, about 5,160 metres (16,929 ft) high. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Murillo Province, La Paz Municipality. Mama Quta lies southeast of Qala Wathiyani.
# Paul Policastro

Paul Policastro (August 29, 1900 – November 4, 1981) was an American Democratic Party politician who served five terms in the New Jersey General Assembly.
He was a graduate of Lafayette College and Rutgers Law School and served in the U.S. Army during World War II. He served on the Newark Board of Adjustment from 1953 to 1954. He first ran for the State Assembly in 1959, but lost. He ran again in 1961 and won. He was re-elected in 1963, 1965, 1967, and 1969. He served as Assistant Majority Leader in 1966 and as Majority Leader in 1967. Had Democrats not lost the majority in the 1967 election, Policastro was expected to become Assembly Speaker. In 1971, Policastro lost his bid for re-election to a fifth term, losing to an independent candidate, Newark vigilante leader Anthony Imperiale. Imperiale received 13,857 votes, followed by Policastro's running mate, incumbent Democratic Assemblyman Frank Megaro with 12,436 votes. Policastro ran third with 10,825 votes, followed by incumbent Republican Assemblyman C. Richard Fiore with 8,215 votes and Republican challenger Ralph D'Ambola with 7,351 votes.
# Jerry Green (politician)

Gerald B. Green (April 16, 1939 – April 18, 2018) was an American Democratic politician, who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1992 until his death, representing the 22nd Legislative District (from 2002 to 2018) and the 17th Legislative District (1992 to 2002).

## Early life

Gerald Green was born on April 16, 1939, in Roselle, and graduated from a public high school, where he was a "star basketball player". Along with his wife Wanda, Green lived in Plainfield.

## Career

Green started his career as a businessman working in marketing and real estate. In 1982, he began his first term on the Union County's Board of Chosen Freeholders. During his second term from 1989 to 1991, he was elected the board's chair in 1990. Green played a prominent role in the county's politics serving on its Planning Board, the Parks & Recreation Committee and Adolescent Substance Abuse Program. He also served as the president of Roselle and Linden Merchants Association and was an honorary chairman for the March of Dimes's chapter in New Jersey for 1990.
Green was elected to the New Jersey General Assembly as a Democrat in 1992 from the 17th Legislative District. Following redistricting in 2002, he represented the 22nd Legislative District in the Assembly till his death in 2018. During his 26-year tenure as an assemblyman, Green served on the Housing and Local Government (as Chair) and on the Health and Senior Services Committee. He was also a member of the Joint Committee on Housing Affordability, deputy speaker Pro Tempore from 2004–2007 and Deputy Speaker from 2002–2003. In 2008 he became the Assembly's Speaker Pro Tempore.
   Jerry Green was an innovator, a trailblazer and the most influential African American leader ever to come from Union County.
Green was the chairman of the Union County Democratic Committee from 2013 having replaced Charlotte DeFilippo. He was re-elected in 2015 but resigned in January 2018 citing health issues. Assemblyman Nicholas Scutari succeeded him in this capacity.
Before he died, Green was the longest-serving assemblymember in New Jersey. He was one of the key sponsors of the bill that required institutions of higher education to install sprinklers in all dormitories and was one of the facilitators responsible for bringing the Union County College campus to Plainfield.

## Death

He died on April 18, 2018, just two days following his 79th birthday. Democratic and Republican officials offered their consolations on his death. Linda Carter was appointed in May 2018 to fill Green's vacant Assembly seat.
# Short-track speed skating at the 2007 Canada Winter Games

These are the short track speed skating at the 2007 Canada Games events for the 2007 Canada Winter Games in Whitehorse, Yukon. For the long track events see speed skating at the 2007 Canada Winter Games.

## 500 metres

| Medal | Men's | Time | Women's | Time |
| Gold | Guillaume Blais-Dufour | 42.776 | Marianne St-Gelais | 44.832 |
| Silver | Vincent André | 42.841 | Valérie Lambert | 45.282 |
| Bronze | Nicolas Bean | 42.968 | Valérie Maltais | 45.839 |

## 1000 metres

| Medal | Men's | Time | Women's | Time |
| Gold | Nicolas Bean | 1:29.554 | Marianne St-Gelais | 1:40.929 |
| Silver | Guillaume Blais-Dufour | 1:29.802 | Ivanie Blondin | 1:41.182 |
| Bronze | Maxime Fortin | 1:54.866 | Valérie Maltais | 1:41.483 |

## 1500 metres

| Medal | Men's | Time | Women's | Time |
| Gold | Nicolas Bean | 2:21.350 | Ivanie Blondin | 2:27.690 |
| Silver | Guillaume Blais-Dufour | 2:21.681 | Marianne St-Gelais | 2:27.747 |
| Bronze | Steve Buzinkski | 2:24.501 | Andrea Do-Duc | 2:27.877 |

## 3000 metres

| Medal | Men's | Time | Women's | Time |
| Gold | Guillaume Blais-Dufour | 4:58.802 | Marianne St-Gelais | 5:08.537 |
| Silver | Nicolas Bean | 5:02.320 | Valérie Maltais | 5:10.425 |
| Bronze | Mathieu Richer | 5:03.937 | Gillian Richmond | 5:11.830 |

## 3000 metres Relay

| Medal | Men's | Time | Women's | Time |
| Gold | Quebec | 4:14.195 | Quebec | 4:29.524 |
| Silver | Ontario | 4:21.722 | Ontario | 4:34.630 |
| Bronze | New Brunswick | 4:30.236 | New Brunswick | 4:44.231 |
# Joseph Hale (MP)

Joseph Hale (28 October 1913 – 7 February 1985) was a British engineer and politician.
Born in Waterloo, Lancashire, Hale became an engineer, serving with the Merchant Navy until 1939, when he joined a company making plastics. He also joined the Labour Party, serving on Bolton Borough Council from 1946 until 1950, and was also active in the Amalgamated Engineering Union.
Hale was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Rochdale in 1950, but was defeated in 1951.
# Noisy-le-Grand – Mont d'Est station

Noisy-le-Grand–Mont d'Est station is a train station in Noisy-le-Grand, Seine-Saint-Denis, under Les Arcades department store.

## Description

The station is in the Mont d'Est district of Noisy-le-Grand, under Les Arcades department store. One can walk from the station to the mall without going outside.

### History

The station opened in 1977 as RER line A was officially created.
During the 1990s, a SK people mover was supposed to link the station and office blocks, but the project failed. However, the line was created and the ghost station still exists.

### Traffic

As of 2019, the estimated annual attendance by the RATP Group was 7,609,131 passengers.

## Transport service
### Train

Noisy-le-Grand–Mont d'Est is served by RER line A. The average waiting time for trains to Paris and Marne-la-Vallée–Chessy is 10 minutes. During peak hours, some trains from Paris terminate there.

### Bus connections

The station is served by several buses:
* RATP Bus network lines:  120  (to Nogent-sur-Marne),  206  (to Emerainville and Pontault-Combault),  207  (to La-Queue-en-Brie),  303  (to Bobigny),  306  (to Saint-Maur – Créteil),  310  (to Noisy – Champs and to Les Yvris–Noisy-le-Grand) and  320  (a circular line serving several districts of Noisy-le-Grand) ;
* Noctilien network night bus lines: N34 (between Paris (Gare de Lyon) and Torcy) and N130 (between Paris (Gare de Lyon) and Marne-la-Vallée–Chessy – Disneyland).

## Gallery

* Main entrance to the station (with the bus station partly visible)
* Main entrance and hall of the station
* Train serving the station (towards Paris)
# Wólka Piaseczna, Podlaskie Voivodeship

Wólka Piaseczna is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Goniądz, within Mońki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north of Goniądz, 16 km (10 mi) north of Mońki, and 55 km (34 mi) north-west of the regional capital Białystok.
Between August and September 1944 the village was pacified by Wehrmacht. As a result, some of the residents were transported to work as forced labor, while 8 residents were murdered. Buildings of the village were demolished or burned, while livestock was robbed.
# Eugene Raymond III

Eugene Raymond III (March 16, 1916 – June 17, 2014) was an American politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1968 to 1974.
He died on June 17, 2014, at age 98.
# Karl Aas

Karl Jan Aas (25 August 1899 – 1 September 1943) was a Norwegian gymnast who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics.
He was part of the Norwegian men's gymnastics team which won the silver medal in the gymnastics free system event. He represented the club Trondhjems TF.
# Ada Summers

Ada Jane Summers (née Broome; 1861–1944) was the first British woman to sit as a magistrate, and one of the first women in England to become a Justice of the Peace. She was also the first female councillor, mayor and freeman of Stalybridge near Manchester. She was also a philanthropist.

## Early and personal life

She was born in Oldham in 1861, where her father George Broome owned a textile mill.
In 1881, she married John Summers JP, of the John Summers & Sons steelworks. His family owned the Globe Ironworks in Stalybridge. They had four children, Kathleen, John Broome, Gerald, and Ada. John died in 1903, aged nineteen, when he fell from a hotel window in St Ives, Cornwall. Their son Gerald Summers (1885-1969) became a painter. Her husband died in 1910.

## Political and judicial career

Summers was elected as a Liberal Party councillor in Stalybridge in 1912. She was then elected mayor in November 1919, and served until 1921. As Mayor of Stalybridge, she was ex officio a Justice of the Peace, and was sworn in as the first female Justice of the Peace in England on 31 December 1919, one week after the Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919 came into force. In October 1920 she was appointed a Justice of the Peace in the borough in her own right, again the first woman in Britain to be so appointed.
She was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1918, and became an honorary Freeman of the borough in 1939.

## Philanthropy

Summers used the wealth inherited from her husband to pursue philanthropic aims, including funding a maternity and child welfare centre, and an employment centre in Stalybridge, the Ladies Work Society. She set up a nurses' home in 1926. At Christmas she would give presents to local children, and she paid for a Christmas tree.
She served as president of Stalybridge Mechanics Institute from 1926 until 1936. She founded a boys club in January 1929, which became known as "Mrs Summers Boy's Club". She was president of the Stalybridge branch of the British and Foreign Bible Society. She was also involved with the probation and social services of the Police Court Mission.
She was among the first contributors to the Young Men's Christian Association National War Service Fund when she donated £100 in 1939.
After her death, she was described (without irony) as "Lady Bountiful".

## Legacy

Summers died in 1944. There is a blue plaque about her at Stalybridge Civic Hall.
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