OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hiram Dodge

Hiram Dodge (October 15, 1804 – December 26, 1891) was an American politician who served one term in the Michigan House of Representatives immediately after adoption of the state's first constitution.

## Biography

Hiram Dodge was born in Montgomery County, New York, on October 15, 1804, the son of Noah Dodge and Elizabeth Venning. His father was a veteran of the American Revolutionary War, and his mother was a native of London, England. Dodge worked as a clerk and a merchant in New York until 1832, when he moved to Clinton, Michigan. He continued to engage in the mercantile business, and also began manufacturing fanning mills. He married Lydia O. Hooper of Seneca County, New York, in Clinton on December 19, 1833. They had one daughter.
Dodge was elected in 1835 to the first session of the Michigan House of Representatives as a representative from Lenawee County, Michigan.
His business was successful, and he owned a large amount of land, but the Panic of 1837 caused him to go broke by 1843. At that time, he moved to Tippecanoe County, Indiana, and lived there until 1866, when he moved to Watseka, Illinois.
He died on December 26, 1891, in Shelby, Cleveland County, North Carolina. He and his wife, Lydia, are buried in Spring Vale Cemetery, Lafayette, Tippecanoe County, Indiana.
# NOW Party (Romania)

The ACUM Party (Romanian: Partidul ACUM), often shortened to ACUM (Romanian: ACUM) is a Romanian micro political party centered on green politics and environmentalism.
On 24 September 2024, DEMOS, NOW and REPER announced an electoral alliance to contest the 2024 Romanian legislative election, the Platform for Democracy, Prosperity, and Progress.

## Leadership

| President | From | Until |
| Bogdan Barbu | 1 December 2021 | |
| Adela Maghear | 1 December 2021 | |
# Suvorov crossing the Alps

Suvorov crossing the Alps (Переход Суворова через Альпы) was a painting by Vasily Surikov, painted in 1899 in honor of the centenary of Suvorov's Swiss campaign.

## Composition

The painting is dedicated to the final stage of the Swiss campaign, when Suvorov's army was marching to join the allies to Germany. The main idea of the painting is that soldiers making such a difficult life-threatening transition keep smiles on their faces or are completely calm because they believe in their commander.

## The history of writing

The painting was conceived in 1895, in order to depict it in more detail, Surikov went to Switzerland, the painting itself was painted in an unusual format for the author - vertically. Work on it ended in 1899 in honor of the centennial of the campaign. Subsequently, Nicholas II himself bought this painting for 25,000 rubles.
# John Machin

John Machin (bapt. c. 1686 – June 9, 1751) was a professor of astronomy at Gresham College, London. He is best known for developing a quickly converging series for pi in 1706 and using it to compute pi to 100 decimal places.

## History

John Machin served as secretary of the Royal Society from 1718 to 1747. He was also a member of the commission which decided the Calculus priority dispute between Leibniz and Newton in 1712.
On 16 May 1713 he succeeded Alexander Torriano as professor of astronomy in Gresham College, and held the post until his death, which occurred in London on 9 June 1751. Machin enjoyed a high mathematical reputation. In 1706, Machin computed the value of π with the formula given below to one hundred decimal places. His ingenious quadrature of the circle was later investigated by Charles Hutton. A mass of his manuscripts is preserved by the Royal Astronomical Society; and writing to William Jones in 1727, he asserted his claim to the parliamentary reward of £10,000 for amending the lunar tables.
In 1728, he was listed as one of the subscribers to the Cyclopaedia of Ephraim Chambers.

## Formula

Machin's formula (for which the derivation is straightforward) is:
    ${\frac {\pi }{4}}=4\arctan {\frac {1}{5}}-\arctan {\frac {1}{239}}$
The benefit of the new formula, a variation on the Gregory–Leibniz series (⁠π/4⁠ = arctan 1), was that it had a significantly increased rate of convergence, which made it a much more practical method of calculation.
To compute π to 100 decimal places, he combined his formula with the Taylor series expansion for the inverse tangent. (Brook Taylor was Machin's contemporary in Cambridge University.) Machin's formula remained the primary tool of pi-hunters for centuries (well into the computer era).
Several other Machin-like formulae are known.
# G-men (magazine)

G-men (ジーメン, Jīmen) is a Japanese gay lifestyle brand, and formerly a monthly magazine.

## History

Gay magazines in Japan, along with much gay culture, are segregated by 'type' (e.g., muscular men, older men, specific occupations); G-men was founded in 1995 to cater to gay men who preferred "macho fantasy", as opposed to the sleeker, yaoi-inspired styles popular in the 1980s, and focused on "macho type" (muscular, bearish men) and gaten-kei (ガテン系, blue-collar workers).
G-men included both editorial and photographic material, as well as prose stories and manga. G-men was designed to encourage steady readership by presenting a more well-defined fantasy image, and by running serialized, continuing manga stories (as opposed to the one-shot stories standard in other in gay men's magazines) which encouraged purchase of every issue. Gengoroh Tagame's work was an important influence on G-men's style; he provided the cover for the first 63 issues, as well as manga stories for most issues. G-men was also one of the first gay men's publishers to offer collections of manga bound into tankōbon. The manga published in G-men, particularly Tagame's work, was influential in the development of manga for gay men as a marketable category.
Issues of G-men usually had approximately 300–500 pages, including several pages of glossy colour and some black and white photographs and drawings of hairy, sometimes bearded, muscular men in their 20s and 30s (these photographs are censored in accordance with Japan's rules; while they feature explicit depictions of sex, genitals—and most pubic hair—are obscured). The photographs sometimes featured traditional themes, such as fundoshi, traditional Japanese loincloths. Despite the inclusion of pornographic pictures and stories, however, G-men is not considered a pornographic magazine.
G-men had fewer general articles than other magazines such as Barazoku and more short fiction and serialized stories. Issues included community listings, several different stories—often pornographic—and several in comic form as well, classified ads, and advertisements from gay-related and gay-friendly businesses such as spas, clubs and hotels, bars, cafes and restaurants, host bars (hustler bars), and brothels.
In February 2016, publisher Furukawa Shobu announced that it would cease publication of G-men as a print magazine, though it continues to produce DVDs, books, and gay manga under the G-men brand.
# Stetind in Fog

Stetind in Fog (Norwegian: Stetind i tåke) is an oil painting by Peder Balke from 1864.

## Genesis

Peder Balke got the inspiration for the painting during his first extended trip in 1832 to seek out North Norwegian nature. The dramatic landscape along the northern Norwegian coast impressed him and he returned to Stetind as a motif on several occasions later in life. Similar motifs are also in the 26 sketches that he sold to King Louis Philippe of France, which are now in the Louvre in Paris.
Stetind is situated on the Stefjorden, at the headwaters of the Tysfjorden. In a Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation poll it was chosen as Norway's national mountain.

## Painting

The painting is a dramatic composition in the Romantic tradition and depicts the relationship of man to the forces of nature. The mountain of Stetind is positioned in the middle of the picture, which has a fairly low horizon line. A gray fog dominates the painting. Out in the wind are two boats and a small group of people standing on a rock knoll looking out over the sea.

## Provenance

The painting was bought by the National Gallery in Oslo in 1980. The National Gallery also has two smaller versions of the same scene.
# Asterix at the Olympic Games (video game)

Asterix at the Olympic Games (French: Astérix aux Jeux olympiques) is an adventure sports video game for the Wii, Xbox 360, PlayStation 2, Microsoft Windows and Nintendo DS, developed by Étranges Libellules and published by Atari. It is loosely based on the comic with the same name and mostly based on the live action film. It was released in Europe in November 2007 for the Windows, Wii, PlayStation 2 and Nintendo DS, followed by the UK release in February 2008. The game was also released on Xbox 360 in 2008.

## Plot

Astérix and Obélix have to win the Olympic Games in order to help their lovesick friend Lovestorix marry Princess Irina. Brutus uses every trick in the book to have his own team win the game, and get rid of his father Julius Caesar in the process.

## Gameplay

While letting the players to switch control between both Asterix and Obelix anytime, the action is split between platforming in 3D through the city and competing in challenges to unlock new areas. Players can throw the javelin and hammer, participate in the long jump, running events, and various other Olympic events (in Wii's case, by using the controller). Besides the main Story mode, there is also the Antique mode, which gives a freedom of selecting any Olympic event and playing it right away.

## Reception

Nintendo Life was positive about the Nintendo Wii version, giving it a 7/10 and compared the game to Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games, praising the game for its originality, graphics, theme and controls, but criticized some of the minigames, calling some of them simple and strange, as well as criticizing the multiplayer for being boring. GamesRadar+ however, was mixed about the game, comparing it to Lego Star Wars games for its multiplayer gameplay being similar. They called it "an odd mix of platforming and sports minigames" and criticized it for its gameplay, calling the genre overused and no longer needed.
# Prijezda II, Ban of Bosnia

Prijezda II (Serbian Cyrillic: Пријезда II; Born 1242) was a Bosnian Ban in 1287–1290 alone, but later together with his possible brother Stephen I Kotroman as a vassal of the Hungarian Kingdom.
He was one of the sons of Ban Prijezda I. After his father's withdrawal from power in 1287, he split Bosnia with his brother, Stephen I Kotroman, taking control over western Bosnia. He died in 1290 and his lands were transferred to his brother Kotroman, who became the sole ruler of Bosnia proper.
# PDF-XChange Viewer

PDF-XChange Viewer (now superseded by the PDF-XChange Editor) is a freemium PDF reader for Microsoft Windows. It supports saving PDF forms (AcroForms) and importing or exporting form data in FDF/XFDF format. Since version 2.5, there has been partial support for XFA, and exporting form data in XML Data Package (XDP) or XML format. OCR support was also added in version 2.5.
Through its print driver, PDF files are able to be created from any Windows app that supports printing. Several PDF-related SDKs are available for developers. The following programming languages are supported: C++, C#, C, Visual Basic (classic), Visual Basic (modern), Delphi, and Clarion.
Its viewer is compatible with Wine, which provides another way to annotate PDFs on Linux.
# Furka Pass

Furka Pass (German: Furkapass; French: Col de la Furka) is a 2,429 m (7,969 ft) high mountain pass in the southern Swiss Alps connecting Gletsch, Valais with Realp, Uri via the seasonal Furkapassroute. The Furka Oberalp Bahn bypasses the pass through the 1,390 m (4,560 ft) high Furka Base Tunnel, which opened in 1982 to replace the seasonal Furka Summit Tunnel at 2,160 metres (7,090 ft).
The Furka Pass was used as a location in the James Bond film Goldfinger, a curve of which is marked as "James Bond Strasse", complete with lookout point and small parking area. Near the western summit of the pass is the Hotel Belvédère; a short walk from it leads to the Rhône Glacier Ice Grotto. The glacier moves 30–40 metres a year, and the 100 metre long tunnel and ice chamber are open from June when the road opens.
# Tre Manders

Tre Manders (born 30 January 1995) is a Bermudian cricketer. He played in the 2014 ICC World Cricket League Division Three tournament. In April 2018, he was named in Bermuda's squad for the 2018 ICC World Cricket League Division Four tournament in Malaysia. In November 2019, Manders was named in Bermuda's squad for the Cricket World Cup Challenge League B tournament in Oman. He made his List A debut against Hong Kong, on 3 December 2019.
In October 2021, he was named in Bermuda's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Americas Qualifier tournament in Antigua. He made his T20I debut, on 8 November 2021, against the United States.
# Osmonbek Artykbayev

Osmonbek Mambetzhanovich Artykbayev (born 19 February 1960) is a Kyrgyz politician, and former member of the Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan.

## Early life and education

Artykbayev was born on 19 February 1960 in the village of Kyzyl-Uraan in Osh Oblast in the Kirgiz SSR, now Kyrgyzstan. In 1986 he graduated from Frunze Polytechnic Institute with a degree in industrial and civilian production. He also graduated from Kyrgyz National University in 1999 as a lawyer and later obtained a PhD in economics in 2009.

## Career
### Early career, 1980–1991

Artykbayev served in the Soviet Army between 1978 and 1980, and started work in 1980 for the state energy firm Kirgizglavenergo. He worked at two hydroelectric plants in Naryn Oblast — Toktogul and Kurpsai dams. He left in 1982 and became a diver at Kara-Kul rescue station in September of the same year, before leaving again in February 1983 to join a factory as an electrician, where he worked until July of the same year.
Between August 1986 and November 1991 he worked as the manager of the production department at the Tash-Kumyrsky Semiconductor Materials Plant.

### Executive and business career, 1991–2005

From 1991 to 1995 Artykbayev was the director of a Karaköl-based roadbuilding company named 'Scorpion', and through 1995 to 2001 headed a joint Kyrgyz-Belarusian business venture named 'Neman'. He continued, after 2001, to head a similarly named company, 'Neman Holding', as general director, until 2004.

### Jogorku Kenesh deputy, 2005–2009

Artykbayev was first elected as deputy for the Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan in the 2005 parliamentary election, and joined the Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan in 2007. He left the chamber in 2009.

### Government and business work, 2009–2015

Between 13 April 2010 and 19 January 2011, Arytkbayev was the Minister of Energy, and between 19 January 2011 and 19 January 2012 he was chairman of the board at Kyrgyzaltyn. From 19 January 2012 to 22 May 2013 he was director for the State Inspectorate for Environmental and Technical Safety. Artykbayev then returned to a ministerial post as Minister of Energy and Industry from 22 May 2013 to 9 October 2014.

### Second time in the Jogorku Kenesh, 2015–present

Artykbayev rejoined the Jogorku Kenesh after being reelected in the 2015 parliamentary election, remaining a member of the Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan.

## Personal life

Artykbayev is married, and has three children.
# Thatayaone Tshose

Thatayaone Tshose (born 8 January 1996) is a Botswana cricketer. He played in the 2015 ICC World Cricket League Division Six tournament. In October 2018, he represented Botswana in the Southern sub region group in the 2018–19 ICC World Twenty20 Africa Qualifier tournament.
In May 2019, he was named in Botswana's squad for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier tournament in Uganda. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut for Botswana against Uganda on 20 May 2019. In October 2021, he was named in Botswana's squad for their matches in Group B of the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier tournament in Rwanda.
# The Dead Girl's Feast

The Dead Girl's Feast (Portuguese: A Festa da Menina Morta) is the first feature film directed by actor Matheus Nachtergaele, released in 2009 and premeried at the Cannes Film Festival in 2008. Filming took place in the municipality of Barcelos, in the state of Amazonas
The film won two APCA Awards: one in the category of Best Fiction Film, the other in the category of best photography direction by Lula Carvalho

## Plot

Every year, for the last 20 years, The Dead Girls Feast has been celebrated in a small riverside community in the upper part of the Rio Negro, in the Amazon. The occasion commemorates the ingenuous miracle that was performed by the Saint, a local boy who, soon after suffering his mother's suicide, recovered the shredded and bloodstained remains of a missing girl's dress from the mouth of a stray dog. The little girl's remains were never found, but the remains of her dress were enshrined, by the Saint, to create a place of worship and pilgrimage in his home.
The practices of the cult and the annual feast evolved over the years into a huge enterprise, despite persistent objections from the dead girls' brother, Tadeu. These days, the inhabitants of nearby Amazon villages visit the small town on the holy day to worship, pray and beg, as they anxiously await the girl's revelations, which are to be channeled by the Saint.
The saint's father is eager to exploit every opportunity to profit from the event and from his son's growing reputation in the region, even as he carries out a casually incestuous relationship with his son. The devout aunt lives as a surrogate mother in service to the Saint and keeps her concerns about his incestuous private life a secret. The doting women, Das Graças, and the young novice, Lucia, do their best to maintain order and decency in the household shrine, which occasionally results in bouts of madness.
On the day of the feast, Tadeu steps back into his role of literally propping up the entranced Saint through a procession to the riverside. A hush goes over the largest gathering ever in attendance as the Saint steps up to the microphone to utter the Dead Girl's annual message.

## Cast

* Daniel de Oliveira - Santinho (The Saint)
* Juliano Cazarré - Tadeu (brother of the Dead Girl)
* Jackson Antunes[pt] - Pai (Santinho's Father)
* Cássia Kis - Mother/Figure of the Mother
* Dira Paes - Diana
* Paulo José - Padre (Priest)
* Ednelza Sahdo[pt] - Tia (Aunt)
* Rosa Malagueta[pt] - Malagueta
* Francisco Mendes - Anderson
# Cycling at the 1979 Pan American Games

San Juan, Puerto Rico, was the main host city for the 1979 Pan American Games, but the track cycling events took place about 100 kilometres south, at a velodrome in Coamo. The Coamo velodrome was an outdoor concrete track that didn't have lights. The lack of artificial lighting forced all races to be held in the middle of the day, in the full heat and humidity of the Caribbean summer weather. This page lists the results for men's track cycling and road cycling. There were no women's cycling events at these games.

## Men's track competition
### 1,000-metre Time Trial (July 4)

| CYCLIST | TIME |
| Gordon Singleton (CAN) | 1:07.30 |
| David Weller (JAM) | 1:08.67 |
| Richard Tormen (CHI) | 1:08.83 |

### 4,000-metre Individual Pursuit (July 6)

| CYCLIST | TIME |
| Claude Langlois (CAN) | 4:55.718 |
| Fernando Vera (CHI) | 4:56.915 |
| Juan Rivera (CUB) | 5:01.196 |

### Scratch Sprint (July 7)

* Gordon Singleton (CAN)
* Jesús Pérez (CUB)
* Dagoberto Pino (CUB)

### 4,000-metre Team Pursuit (July 7)

| TEAM | TIME |
| Chile | 4:43.932 |
| Cuba | 4:45.447 |
| Brazil | 4:46.464 |

## Men’s road competition
### Individual Race

* CYCLIST
* Carlos Cardet (CUB)
* Bernardo Colex (MEX)
* Gonzalo Marín (COL)

### Men's Team Time Trial (Road)

* CYCLIST
* United States
* Cuba
* Canada

## Medal table

| Place | Nation | | | | Total |
| 1 | Canada | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 2 | Cuba | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| 3 | Chile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 4 | United States | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Jamaica | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Mexico | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Argentina | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | Colombia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 6 | 6 | 6 | 18 |
# Grainger Chaytor

David Grainger Chaytor KC. (11 May 1868 – 13 July 1913) was an Irish tennis player and later lawyer. In major tournaments of the time he was a singles quarter finalist at the 1890 Wimbledon Championships, a three time quarter finalist at the Irish Championships, and finalist at the 1887 Northern Championships. Between 1885 and 1900 he won 21 career titles.

## Career

Grainger Chaytor was born on 11 May 1868 in Killiney, County Dublin in Ireland. He was one of three of his brothers who also played tennis, including the 1894 Wimbledon semi finalist Tom Chaytor. He played his first tournament at the 1885 East of Ireland Championships, at the Howth Lawn Tennis Club in the coastal suburb of Howth in Dublin where he lost in the first round to Robert Hassard. In 1886 he won his first title the Fitzwilliam Plate at the Fitzwilliam Lawn Tennis Club against Francis Perry.
In major tennis tournaments of the time he was a singles quarter finalist at the 1890 Wimbledon Championships, a three time quarter finalist at the Irish Championships, and finalist at the 1887 Northern Championships.
His other career singles highlights include winning the Derbyshire Championships at Buxton four times (1892–1894, 1899), the Sussex Championships three times (1891, 1895, 1898) at Brighton, the Yorkshire Championships three times (1895, 1898, 1900). In addition to winning one title including the Fitzwilliam Plate (1886), Kilkenny County and City Open (1887), the King's County and Ormonde Tournament (1887), Staffordshire County Lawn Tennis Championships (1890), the Dublin University Championships (1890) Queens Challenge Cup (1890), the Nottinghamshire Championships (1890), the East of Scotland Championships (1891), the Fitzwilliam Club Championships (1891) and the Darlington Association Tournament (1892).
He was also a finalist at the Killiney and Ballybrack Championships (1886), the Fitzwilliam Club Championships (1887), the Waterford Annual Lawn Tennis Tournament (1887), the County Dublin Championships (1889), North of Ireland Championships (1889), North of England Championships (1892), the Welsh Covered Court Championships (1899). In 1900 Grainger played his final tournament at the North of England Championships at Scarborough. Between 1885 and 1900 he won 21 career titles.

## Personal

Grainger Chaytor, as he was known, was one of six siblings and three lawn tennis-playing Chaytor brothers including Wimbledon semi finalist Tom Chaytor from the suburb of Killiney, County Dublin, Ireland. They were the children of Charles Henry George Chaytor and Mary Anne Chaytor (nee. Grainger) from whom the lawn tennis player took his middle name. He married Mary Elizabeth (Gambell) Chaytor in October 1892 in Callan, Ireland.
Grainger Chaytor studied law and was later appointed King’s Counsel, he died on 13 July 1913.