OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# José Reis Pereira

José Reis Pereira (10 December 1943 – 25 January 2023) was a Brazilian teacher and politician. A member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party and the Brazilian Social Democracy Party, he served in the Legislative Assembly of Piauí from 1987 to 1991.
Pereira died on 25 January 2023, at the age of 79.
# Robert M. A. Hawk

Robert Moffett Allison Hawk (April 23, 1839 – June 29, 1882) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.
Born near Rushville, Indiana, Hawk moved with his parents to Freedom Township, Carroll County, Illinois, in 1844. He attended the common and select schools of Carroll County, Illinois, and Eureka College. He studied law but never practiced. He entered the Union Army during the Civil War as first lieutenant September 4, 1862. He was promoted to captain on January 1, 1863. Brevetted major April 10, 1865. He moved to Mount Carroll, Illinois, in 1865 and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He served as clerk of the court of Carroll County, Illinois, from December 13, 1865, to February 27, 1879.
Hawk was elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses and served from March 4, 1879, until his death in Washington, D.C., June 29, 1882. He was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery, Mount Carroll, Illinois.
# Karl Probst (figure skater)

Karl Probst was a German former pair skater. With his skating partner, Eva Neeb, he became a three-time West German national medalist and competed at five ISU Championships in the 1950s.

## Career

Neeb and Probst trained together in Munich. They competed internationally for West Germany and finished on the national podium three times, winning silver in 1953 and 1956 and bronze in 1955. They competed at the 1953 European Championships in Dortmund, West Germany; 1953 World Championships in Davos, Switzerland; 1954 European Championships in Bolzano, Italy; 1956 European Championships in Paris, France; and 1956 World Championships in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany. He died in June 2023
Neeb and Probst also competed in roller skating.

## Competitive highlights
### with Neeb

International :
| Event | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
| World Championships | 9th | | | 10th |
| European Championships | 5th | 8th | | 10th |
| National |||||
| West German Championships | 2nd | | 3rd | 2nd |
# Walter Kilger

Walter Kilger (born 7 April 1962) is a German former para table tennis player. He is a three-time European champion, World silver medalist and a Paralympic bronze medalist. He was member of the German paralympic tabletennis team at the Paralympics 2000 in Sydney, 2004 in Peking and 2008. and won 2 bronze medals. He was decorated by the President of the Federal Republic of Germany with the Silver Laurel Leaf, Germany's highest sport award. (translation: since 1992 all the winners of medals at Paralympic Games were also decorated with the Silver Laural Leaf)
# Walter Oberste

Walter Oberste (born 25 December 1933) is a German sprinter. He competed in the men's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Walter Trott

Walter Trott (born 1 June 1907, date of death unknown) was a German bobsledder who competed in the mid-1930s. At the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen he competed in the four-man event, but crashed in the first run.
# Werner Klaas

Werner Klaas (10 May 1914 – between 30 March and 4 April 1945) was a German international footballer.

## Personal life

Klaas served as an Oberleutnant (senior lieutenant) in the German Army during the Second World War. He was killed in action on the Eastern Front between 30 March and 4 April 1945.
# Werner Krogmann

Werner Herman Otto Krogmann (February 5, 1901 – November 19, 1954) was a German Sailor. He won the Silver medal in Monotype class (O-Jolle) in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin.
# Werner Schuster (sportsman)

Werner Schuster (born 4 September 1969 in Hirschegg) is an Austrian ski jumping coach and a former ski jumper who competed from 1987 to 1995. He was the head coach of the German ski jumping national team from 2008 to 2019.
From 1998 to 2007 he worked as a coach in Stams ski school (Schigymnasium Stams). In 2007 he became the head coach of Swiss ski jumping national team. In March 2008 Schuster was appointed as the head coach of the German national team, replacing Peter Rohwein.
Werner Schuster is married and has two children.
# Werner Sülberg

Werner Sülberg (born 8 August 1950) is a German sailor. He competed in the Finn event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Auto Research Center

Auto Research Center, also known as ARC Indy, is a research and development company with headquarters in Indianapolis, Indiana USA. It was founded as Reynard Motorsports' North American headquarters, and became its own company in 2002.

## History

ARC was opened in 1998, as the North American headquarters for Reynard Motorsports. Reynard Motorsports was based at Reynard Park, Brackley, England and at that time was the largest race car designer and manufacture in the world, producing cars for both open wheel and sportscar racing. In the USA, the primary effort was on open wheel in Indycar/CART.
ARC initially housed a scale model wind tunnel and 7-post test rig; the engineering design suite, scale modeling making/building and tech office were all in the same building. While ARC was a public test facility, in reality Reynard had enough customers that the facility was completely booked by Indycar/CART and the British American Racing F1 race team. Reynard Motorsports went into receivership in 2002, leaving ARC without a parent company.
With staff and a small budget but no customers, ARC built a NASCAR scale model to bring in new business. The first major customers were NASCAR OEM manufactures, who were impressed with the scale model that had been built. From there, Sportscar racing also became a large focus from other customers.
In the mid-2000s, ARC expanded its services with the addition of its driveline dynamometer test rig, rapid prototyping, and 3D laser scanning. Then, around the start of 2010s, ARC started to further expand its customer base with production OEM scale model testing and commercial semi-trailer truck industry. In 2008, ARC expanded upon its Indianapolis Headquarters, breaking ground for a large expansion. The engineering suite and scale model making services were all moved to the new addition to help handle the growing increase in customers and expansion from ongoing customers.
In 2015, ARC opened its Aerodynamic Bicycle Testing Facility (ABT).

## Wind tunnel

The wind tunnel at ARC was designed for automotive testing. The tunnel is a 3/4 open plenum configuration with an optional rolling road and primary and secondary boundary layer control treatments. The tunnel nozzle has a cross-section that is 2.3 m wide by 2.1 m high. Force measurements are gathered utilizing a 6 degree of freedom balance mounted internally between the tested model, a vertical sting. The balance includes an integrated model motion system capable of automated pitch, roll, yaw, and vertical translation with laser measurement feedback. Additional capabilities can be included in the model for incorporation of automatically or dependently controlled motors (i.e. wheel steer). In addition to force measurements, the tunnel has capabilities for pressure tap measurements, anemometer measurements, and flow visualization including tufts and oil droplets. Beyond the standard test measurements, new capabilities have been added for measuring torque and rotation rate, as well as braking controls for wind turbine experiments.
# Wilhelm Mahlow

Wilhelm Mahlow (born 18 January 1914, date of death unknown) was a German rower who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
In 1936 he won the bronze medal as coxswain of the German boat in the men's eight.
# Wilhelm Simetsreiter

Wilhelm "Willy" Simetsreiter (16 March 1915 – 17 July 2001), popularly known as Schimmy, was a German footballer.

## Biography

A native of Munich, Simetsreiter played his career along the left wing for his club Bayern Munich. He is usually considered the fastest-ever player at this position in the club's history.
He scored three goals against Luxembourg on 4 August at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. He was also part of Germany's squad at the 1936 Summer Olympics. At the time, the 21-year-old was one of the youngest players in the national side to score a hat-trick. During the 1930s, Simetsreiter was capped a total of eight times by the German national football team.
# Willi Eichhorn

Willi Eichhorn (23 August 1908 – 24 May 1994) was a German rower who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1936 he won the gold medal with his partner Hugo Strauß in the coxless pairs competition for men, He was only 27 at the time. This was also his only time competing in the Olympics. Germany also went on to win the most gold medals that year.
# Willi Roth

Willi Roth (31 July 1929 – 2 May 2017) was a German boxer. He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics and the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Farnesoid X receptor

The bile acid receptor (BAR), also known as farnesoid X receptor (FXR) or NR1H4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4), is a nuclear receptor that is encoded by the NR1H4 gene in humans.

## Function

FXR is expressed at high levels in the liver and intestine. Chenodeoxycholic acid and other bile acids are natural ligands for FXR. Similar to other nuclear receptors, when activated, FXR translocates to the cell nucleus, forms a dimer (in this case a heterodimer with RXR) and binds to hormone response elements on DNA, which up- or down-regulates the expression of certain genes.
One of the primary functions of FXR activation is the suppression of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis from cholesterol. FXR does not directly bind to the CYP7A1 promoter. Rather, FXR induces expression of small heterodimer partner (SHP), which then functions to inhibit transcription of the CYP7A1 gene. FXR likewise stimulates the synthesis of fibroblast growth factor 19, which also inhibits expression of CYP7A1 and sterol 12-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) via fibroblast growth factor receptor 4. In this way, a negative feedback pathway is established in which synthesis of bile acids is inhibited when cellular levels are already high.
The absence of FXR in an FXR$^{-/-}$ mouse model led to increased bile acids in the liver, and the spontaneous development of liver tumors. Reducing the pool of bile acids in the FXR$^{-/-}$ mice by feeding the bile acid sequestering resin cholestyramine reduced the number and size of the malignant lesions.
FXR has also been found to be important in regulation of hepatic triglyceride levels. Specifically, FXR activation suppresses lipogenesis and promotes free fatty acid oxidation by PPARα activation. Studies have also shown the FXR to regulate the expression and activity of epithelial transport proteins involved in fluid homeostasis in the intestine, such as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR).
Activation of FXR in diabetic mice reduces plasma glucose and improves insulin sensitivity, whereas inactivation of FXR has the opposite effect.

## Interactions

Farnesoid X receptor has been shown to interact with:
* Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha and
* Retinoid X receptor alpha.

## Ligands

A number of ligands for FXR are known, of both natural and synthetic origin.

### Agonists

* Cafestol
* Chenodeoxycholic acid
* Fexaramine
* GW 4064
* Ivermectin
* Obeticholic acid
* Tropifexor

### Antagonists

* Guggulsterone
# Carole Pateman

Carole Pateman FBA FAcSS FLSW (born 11 December 1940) is a British feminist and political theorist. She is known as a critic of liberal democracy and has been a member of the British Academy since 2007.

## Biography

Pateman was born in Maresfield, Sussex, England. Educated at Lewes County Grammar School for Girls, she left at age 16. She entered Ruskin College, Oxford in 1963 studying economics, politics, history and sociology, achieving a distinction. She won a place at Lady Margaret Hall to read PPE, staying on to earn a DPhil.
In 1972, she became lecturer in political theory at the University of Sydney. Since 1990, Professor Pateman has taught in the Department of Political Science at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), where she is now a Distinguished Professor Emeritus. Professor Pateman served as (the first woman) President of the International Political Science Association (1991–1994). In 2007, she was named a Fellow of the British Academy. She served as president of the American Political Science Association from 2010–2011. She is also an Honorary Professor for the Cardiff University School of European Studies.
She gave the Faculty Research Lecture at UCLA in 2001, and is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the British Academy and the UK Academy of Social Sciences. She holds honorary degrees from the Australian National University, the National University of Ireland, and Helsinki University.

## Awards

Pateman was a Guggenheim Fellow 1993–1994.
Since 1994 Pateman has been a Member of the International Advisory Board of the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences.
In 2012 she was awarded the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science.
In 2013, she earned the Special Recognition Award by the UK Political Studies Association.
In April 2015, she was elected as a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales.
The Australian Political Science Association (APSA) awards the Carole Pateman prize biennially for the best book published on the topic of gender and politics.
# Rashid Hassan

Rashid Mekki Hassan is the Professor and Director at the Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA) at the University of Pretoria. He specialises in natural resource and environmental economics, agricultural economics, and optimisation and modelling of economic systems.

## Education

Hassan holds a BSc and MSc., both in Agricultural Economics, from the University of Khartoum in 1977 and 1983 respectively. He proceeded to Iowa State University where he got MSc and Ph.D. degrees, both in Economics, in 1988 and 1989 respectively.

## Career

Hassan is the professor of economics at the University of Pretoria where he studies natural resources management.
He has authored co-authored and co-edited journal articles and books on Water management in the South Africa which has been used to chart the efficiency of use of water.
He was elected a foreign associate of the US National Academy of Sciences in April 2019.

## Select publications
### Books

The books which Hassan has authored, co-authored, or co-edited include:
* Rashid M. Hassan; Glenn-Marie Lange; Jaap Arntzen; Jackie Crawford; Eric Mungatana (2007). The Economics of Water Management in southern Africa: an environmental accounting approach. Edward Elgar Publishing. doi:10.4337/9781847203021. ISBN 9781843764724.

### Journal articles

Hassan has written dozens of articles including:
* Rashid Hassan; Eric Mungatana; Glenn-Marie Lange (2007). "Water accounting for the Orange River Basin: An economic perspective on managing a transboundary resource". Ecological Economics. 61 (4): 660–670. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.07.032.
* Rashid M. Hassan; Temesgen Tadesse Deressa; Claudia Ringler; Tekie Alemu; Mahmud Yesuf (2009). "Determinants of farmers' choice of adaptation methods to climate change in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia". Global Environmental Change. 19 (2): 248–255. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.01.002. hdl:2263/9270.
# Ömer Barutçu

Ömer Barutçu (1942 – 2 December 2024) was a Turkish economist and politician. A member of the Justice Party and later the True Path Party, he served in the Grand National Assembly from 1977 to 1980 and again from 1987 to 2002, was Minister responsible for Youth and Sport from 1995 to 1996, and was minister of transport from 1996 to 1997.
Barutçu died on 2 December 2024, at the age of 82. Two days later, he was buried at Karşıyaka Cemetery in Ankara.
# Balkan crested newt

The Balkan crested newt or Buresch's crested newt (Triturus ivanbureschi) is a newt species of the crested newt species complex in genus Triturus, found in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia.
It was originally described as a subspecies of the southern crested newt, "Triturus karelinii arntzeni", in 1999, and later considered a full species when genetic data showed it to be distinct. After it was suggested the type specimen of "T. arntzeni" belonged in fact to the Macedonian crested newt (T. macedonicus), the species was redescribed, with a new type specimen, as T. ivanbureschi in 2013. The species epithet was chosen in honour of Bulgarian herpetologist Ivan Buresh.
Its distribution ranges from the Southeastern Balkan peninsula (Western North Macedonia, Northwestern Greece, Bulgaria, Eastern Thrace) to Western Anatolia. An isolated population, surrounded by other crested newt species, occurs in Serbia. Genetic data showed that Northern Anatolian populations east of the Bosphorus and Bursa form a separate, but morphologically indistinguishable sibling species, which was described as Anatolian crested newt (T. anatolicus) in 2016.
The Balkan crested newt hybridises with the Anatolian crested newt at its eastern range end. At the western and northern borders, it hybridises with the Macedonian crested newt, the Danube crested newt (T. dobrogicus), and the northern crested newt (T. cristatus). The type specimen of "T. arntzeni" is in fact a hybrid between the Balkan and the Macedonian crested newt, so that this name is a synonym for both species.
# 2011 AFC Champions League qualifying play-off

Six teams, four from West Asia and two from East Asia, competed in the 2011 AFC Champions League qualifying play-off.
The draw for the qualifying play-off was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on 7 December 2010. In order to create balance another draw was held, moving one of the teams (Al-Ain) from the West into the East side of the play-offs.
Both the semi-finals and finals were played in one match, hosted by one of the teams. Extra time and penalty shootout are used to decide the winner if necessary. The semi-finals were played 12 February 2011, and the finals were played 19 February 2011.
The two winners from the qualifying play-off, one from West Asia and one from East Asia, advanced to the group stage to join the 30 automatic qualifiers. All losers from the qualifying play-off entered the 2011 AFC Cup group stage.

## Matches
### West Asia

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| Semi-final |||
| Al-Sadd | 5–1 | Al-Ittihad |
| Final |||
| Al-Sadd | 2–0 | Dempo |

#### Final
### East Asia

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| Semi-final |||
| Sriwijaya | 2–2 (aet)(7–6p) | Muangthong United |
| Final |||
| Sriwijaya | 0–4 | Al-Ain |
# Juraj Miklušica

Juraj Miklušica (14 April 1938 – 26 August 2018) was a Slovak cyclist. He competed in the tandem event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Miloslav Rolko

Miloslav Rolko (born 13 October 1960) is a Slovak former swimmer who swam for Czechoslovakia at the 1976 and 1980 Olympics. At the 1977 European Championships, he won the 100 backstroke, and finished second in the 200 back.
In 1982 Rolko, along with fellow swimmers Vlastimil Černý, Tereza Vrtiskova and Josef Kuf, defected from Czechoslovakia following a meet in Sindelfingen, West Germany.
As of 2012, Rolko is federal junior coach for Luxembourg, working with FLNS. His daughter, Sarah, swam for Luxembourg at the 2009 European Junior Championships.
# Triturus macedonicus

Triturus macedonicus, the Macedonian crested newt, is a newt species of the crested newt species complex in genus Triturus, found in the Western Balkan peninsula (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Albania, North Macedonia, north-western Greece and south-western Bulgaria).
To the North, its range borders that of the Danube crested newt and the Northern crested newt and to the East, that of the Balkan crested newt.
It was first described as a variety of Triturus karelinii, later considered a subspecies of Triturus carnifex, and was elevated to species rank following molecular phylogenetic analysis in 2007.
Triturus arntzeni was considered a synonym of T. macedonicus, but this name applies in fact to a hybrid between this species and the Balkan-Anatolian crested newt (T. ivanbureschi), and thus is a synonym of both species.
# Aimee Echo

Aimee Echo (né Rodrigues; born March 27, 1970) is an American singer. She rose to prominence as the singer of Human Waste Project, who she fronted between 1994 until the band's dissolution in 1998. Afterwards, she became the frontwoman of theSTART, which she co-founded with her husband Jamie Miller, and its side project Normandie.

## Personal life

Echo is a practitioner and authorized teacher of ashtanga yoga. She began practicing Yoga with Noah Williams and Kimberly Flynn in Los Angeles in 1999. She travelled to India annually beginning in 2007 to study with Sri K. Pattabhi Jois, his grandson R. Sharath, and daughter Saraswati at KPJAYI. She received authorization to teach Ashtanga Yoga from R. Sharath in 2010. She is a graduate of the Institute for Integrative Nutrition, a certified health coach, and a certified massage therapist. She was a primary teacher at Jois Yoga. She is the owner of Ashtanga Yoga Long Beach. She is married to Jamie Miller, drummer of Bad Religion, and lives in Zaferia, Long Beach.

## Discography

Human Waste Project
theSTART
Guest appearances
* Red Hot Chili Peppers - One Hot Minute (1995)
* Dave Navarro - Rhimorse (EP) (1995)
* Cradle of Thorns - Download This! (1996)
* Tura Satana - All Is Not Well (1997)
* Coal Chamber - Chamber Music (1999)
* Papa Roach - Infest (2000)
* Snot - Strait Up (2000)
* Professional Murder Music - Professional Murder Music (2001)
* Look What I Did - Minuteman for the Moment (2005)
* Teddybears - "Punkrocker" & "Yours to Keep" (2007) - live including Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival and appearance on Last Call with Carson Daly
* Street Drum Corps - We Are Machines (2008)
* Night Horse - Perdition Hymns (2010)
# Minne Lusa Theater

The Minne Lusa Theater building is located at 6714 North 30th Street in North Omaha, Nebraska. It was built as a one-screen neighborhood movie house that opened in 1929 with seating for approximately 400 patrons. The theater closed sometime in 1958. The building was renovated and housed Heartland Family Services for twenty years.
# Platonov

Platonov or Platonova is a surname. It may refer to:

## People

* Andrei Platonov (1899–1951), pen name of Andrei Platonovich Klimentov, Russian writer of the Soviet period
* Denis Platonov (born 1981), Russian ice hockey player
* Dzmitry Platonaw (born 1986), Belarusian footballer
* Igor Platonov (1934–1995), Ukrainian-Soviet chess grandmaster
* Oleg Platonov Russian writer
* Pavel Platonaw (born 1986), Belarusian footballer
* Sergey Platonov (1860–1933), Russian historian who led the official St Petersburg school of imperial historiography
* Viacheslav Platonov (1939–2005), Russian volleyball player and coach
* Vladimir Petrovich Platonov (born 1939) Russian-Belarusian mathematician
* Yuriy Platonov (born 1945), psychologist
* Yuriy Mihailovich Platonov, mayor of Rybnitsa, Transnistria

## Play

* Platonov (play), by Anton Chekhov