OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aspidomancy

Aspidomancy (from the Greek word aspis meaning shield) is a form of divination based on the interpretation of patterns on a shield. Reading the patterns is believed to give some insight into the future. Readers study the shield, looking for a pattern that may represent symbols or pictures. They interpret these symbols and pictures as clues as to what is going to happen in the future.
Aspidomancy can also refer to the method of divination of sitting on a shield and reciting incantations to summon an entity or enter a trance, in order to gain knowledge. This method was first described in the 17th century by French writer Pierre de Lancre.
# Parc Linéaire Le P'tit Train du Nord

The Parc Linéaire Le P'tit Train du Nord (French pronunciation:) is a multiuse recreational rail trail located in Quebec, Canada. It runs through the Rivière du Nord valley. It originally was a railway line operated by Canadian Pacific Railway which operated it at a continuous financial loss since its construction in the 1890s. During the 1990s, it was dismantled to make way for a recreational multi-use trail except for the portion between Montréal and Saint-Jérôme which is still in service as the Saint-Jérôme line. Prior to decommissioning, passenger traffic on this line was so scarce that it gave way to the humorous and intricately philosophical and poetic song by Félix Leclerc, "Le train du nord".
It runs for 200 kilometres (124 miles) between Saint-Jérôme and Mont-Laurier and is used for biking, cross-country skiing and hiking. Le P'tit Train du Nord linear park is a regional recreational and touristic asset for the Laurentian which offers its own residents access to high-quality transportation and leisure activities on the one hand as well as allowing for management of a major tourist attraction generating significant economic benefits for the region on the other.
# Sioux City Symphony Orchestra

The Sioux City Symphony Orchestra is an American orchestra based in Sioux City, Iowa. Its home is the Orpheum Theater.

## History

The Sioux City Symphony Orchestra and The Sioux City Municipal Band were each formed in the early 1930s under the guidance and direction of Leo Kucinski. Under Kucinski's leadership, the orchestra gradually developed into a highly respected, paid-professional Class B civic orchestra with a regular performing season. The orchestra originally performed in the Sioux City Municipal Auditorium, but in 2001 moved to the restored historic Orpheum Theater.
The Municipal Band, with close kinship to the orchestra, is also a paid-professional group that traces its origins to The Monahan Post 64 Band of the American Legion, in the 1920s. The Monahan Post Band became world-famous when it was selected as the "official" band of the American Legion in the mid-1920s. From its founding until the early 1930s, The Monahan Post Band made several tours that included concert appearances in New York City, New Orleans and Paris. The home of the Municipal Band is the city band shell in Grandview Park.
Sioux City's ability to produce highly gifted musicians for fine music of all styles can be attributed to its citizens' very strong and longstanding commitment to and financial investment in music education within the public and private school systems. In the 1930s, Kucinski worked closely with Superintendent of Schools M.G. Clark to create the foundation for its public school music program. Additionally, Morningside College has long been home to a vital and energetic music department, which has served to contribute to the pool of fine musicians and music educators in Sioux City. Sioux City has an All-City Orchestra whose members are elementary grade students who participate by audition, and the Siouxland Youth Symphony, whose players are selected by competitive auditions from the junior schools and high schools in the area.
After Kucinski, other music directors of the orchestra have included Thomas Lewis, Stephen Rogers Radcliffe and Xian Zhang. Xian Zhang had originally been contracted to the orchestra for 3 years, but resigned after 2 years because of her schedule demands. In March 2009, the orchestra announced the appointment of Ryan Haskins as its next music director, as of 1 July 2009.

## Music Directors

* Leo Kucinski (1925-1977)
* Thomas Lewis (1977- )
* Stephen Rogers Radcliffe (1995-2004)
* Xian Zhang (2005-2007)
* JungHo Kim (2008)
* Ryan Haskins (2009–present)
# Gene Slagle

Gene Slagle (November 20, 1914 – December 16, 2006) was a member of the Ohio Senate. He served from 1973 to 1976, representing the 26th District, which encompasses much of North-Central Ohio.
# Boeing XB-38 Flying Fortress

The XB-38 Flying Fortress was a single example conversion of a production B-17E Flying Fortress, testing whether the Allison V-1710 V type engine could be substituted for the standard Wright R-1820 radial engine during early World War II.

## Design and development

The XB-38 was the result of a modification project undertaken by Vega (a subsidiary of Lockheed) on a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress to fit it with liquid-cooled Allison V-1710-89 V-12 engines. It was to be an improved B-17, and an alternative if the normally fitted air-cooled Wright R-1820 radial engines became scarce. Completing the modifications took less than a year, and the XB-38 made its first flight on May 19, 1943. Only one was built, and it was modified from a regular production aircraft.
The XB-38 delivered a higher top speed, but its ceiling was lower. After a few flights it was grounded due to exhaust gas leaks from the engine manifolds. Once this had been fixed, testing resumed until the ninth flight on June 16, 1943 when the inboard starboard engine caught fire and the crew bailed out. The XB-38 was destroyed and the project was canceled, in part because the V-1710 engines were in high demand for Lockheed P-38 Lightning, Curtiss P-40 Warhawk and North American P-51A Mustang fighters.

## Operators
### United States

* United States Army Air Forces

## Specifications (XB-38)

Data from Lockheed Aircraft since 1913.
General characteristics
* Crew: 10
* Length: 74 ft 0 in (22.56 m)
* Wingspan: 103 ft 11 in (31.67 m)
* Height: 19 ft 2 in (5.84 m)
* Wing area: 1,420 sq ft (131.9 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 34,750 lb (15,762 kg)
* Gross weight: 56,000 lb (25,401 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 64,000 lb (29,030 kg)
* Powerplant: 4 × Allison V-1710-97 turbosupercharged liquid-cooled V12 engines, 1,425 hp (1,063 kW) each
Performance
* Maximum speed: 327 mph (526 km/h, 284 kn) at 25,000 ft (7,600 m)
* Cruise speed: 226 mph (364 km/h, 197 kn)
* Range: 3,300 mi (5,310 km, 2,870 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 29,600 ft (9,020 m)
Armament
* Guns: 10× .50 in (12.7 mm) Browning M2 machine guns
* Bombs: 6,000 lb (2,700 kg)
# Ike Thompson

Isaiah "Ike" Thompson (November 8, 1915 – June 25, 1995) was a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives, serving the 14th district (portions of Glenville, Euclid, Bratenahl, and East Cleveland) from 1971–1990. Thompson graduated from Central High School and attended Cleveland State University. Thompson served as a vice-chairman of the Cuyahoga County Democratic Party. Thompson was a member of the Knights of Columbus and a member of St. Aloysious Roman Catholic Church. With his wife Lodeamer, he had one daughter, Arwilda Storey.
# Boeing CC-137

The Boeing CC-137 is a retired transport and tanker aircraft which served with the Canadian Forces from 1970 to 1997. The Boeing 707-347C aircraft provided long range passenger transport for the military, VIP transport for government and air-to-air refueling for fighters such as the CF-116 Freedom Fighter and CF-18 Hornet. It was replaced by the Airbus CC-150 Polaris in the transport role and much later in the tanker role.

## Design and development

During the 1960s, the Royal Canadian Air Force set out a requirement to replace the aging fleet of Canadair CC-106 Yukons and Canadair CC-109 Cosmopolitan transports. Initially, the Boeing KC-135 was being considered because the versatile design could also fulfill a yet-unspecified aerial refuelling role. Although a "purpose-built" aircraft would have suited the RCAF requirements better, an opportunity to acquire Boeing 707s as an alternative, soon presented itself.

## Operational history

Canada purchased five Boeing 707s in 1970–71 to replace the RCAF's CC-106 Yukons in the long range transport role and the CC-109 Cosmopolitan as an executive or short-range transport. The first four aircraft had been built for Western Airlines, but that order was subsequently cancelled; the fifth was bought separately a year later. To fulfil Canada's requirements for aerial refueling, two aircraft were fitted with Beechcraft made probe and drogue refueling pods in 1972. The two sets of refuelling equipment were moved from aircraft to aircraft to keep fleet utilization even between the airframes.
The CC-137 fleet had a combined total of 191,154 hours, remaining in service in the transport role until 1995, with two aircraft continuing in use as tankers until 1997.
Most of the fleet ended up with the Northrop Grumman E-8 Joint STARS programme either for spare parts or conversion to E-8C standard for the United States Air Force.

## Operators
### Canada

* Canadian Forces Air Command
** No. 437 "Husky" Squadron RCAF based at CFB Trenton, Ontario

## Specifications (CC-137)

Data from Boeing CC137 (707-347C)
General characteristics
* Crew: 3
* Capacity: 170 passengers and 90,000 lb (41,000 kg) payload
* Length: 152 ft 11 in (46.61 m)
* Wingspan: 145 ft 9 in (44.42 m)
* Height: 42 ft 5 in (12.93 m)
* Wing area: 3,010 sq ft (280 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 140,000 lb (63,569 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 327,000 lb (148,000 kg)
* Powerplant: 4 × Pratt & Whitney JT3D-7 turbofans, 19,700 lbf (88 kN) thrust each
Performance
* Cruise speed: 618 mph (994 km/h, 537 kn)
* Range: 7,638 mi (12,290 km, 6,636 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 39,000 ft (12,000 m)
# Tom Kindness

Thomas Norman Kindness (August 26, 1929 – January 8, 2004) was an American politician who served six terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives representing Ohio from January 3, 1975, to January 3, 1987.

## Life

Born in Knoxville, Tennessee, Kindness graduated from Glendale High School in Glendale, California, in 1947. Kindness received his bachelor of arts degree from the University of Maryland in 1951 and his bachelor of laws degree from George Washington University in 1953. While a student at Maryland, Kindness became a member of the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity.

### Career

He was assistant counsel for paper company Champion International, in Hamilton, Ohio, from 1957 to 1973, and was elected to the city council of Hamilton in 1964, serving until 1969. He served as mayor of Hamilton from 1964 to 1967. He served in the Ohio House of Representatives from 1971 to 1974, when he was elected to Congress from Ohio's eighth congressional district, defeating Democrat T. Edward Strinko.
Kindness was re-elected five times: defeating Democrats John W. Griffin in 1976, Luella R. Schroeder in 1978, John W. Griffin again in 1980 and 1982, and John T. Francis in 1984.
In 1986, Kindness was one of the House impeachment managers who prosecuted the case in the impeachment trial of Judge Harry E. Claiborne. Claiborne was found guilty by the United States Senate and removed from his federal judgeship.
In 1986, Kindness won the Republican nomination for the U.S. Senate, but he lost to incumbent John Glenn.

### Later career

After this loss, Kindness stayed in Washington, D.C., and worked as a lobbyist. When Donald "Buz" Lukens, who had replaced Kindness as the 8th district's representative, was caught in a sex scandal in 1989, Kindness attempted to win his old seat, opposing Lukens in the 1990 Republican primary.
He entered a Republican primary battle that included Lukens, state Representative John Boehner (who would later be elected to the seat and become House Speaker during his tenure in Congress) and lesser-known candidates.
Early polls gave Kindness a 60-point lead over the relatively obscure Boehner. But Boehner attacked Kindness's ethics, citing Kindness's votes for congressional pay raises and against limits on fees for speeches by congressmen. Boehner also depicted Kindness as a carpetbagger who had abandoned his district for Washington. Despite Kindness's outspending him 5-1, Boehner won the nomination with 49 percent of the vote. Kindness finished with 32 percent and Lukens with 17 percent.

## Death

Kindness died in Exeter, Devonshire, England at the age of 74.
# Peter J. Collins

Peter J. Collins (October 1, 1859 – October 31, 1913) was an American politician and lawyer from Ohio. He served as a member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing Stark County from 1913 to his death.

## Early life

Peter J. Collins was born on October 1, 1859, in Columbiana County, Ohio, to William Collins. His father was an immigrant from County Donegal, Ireland. Collins studied at public schools in Columbiana County. He studied at Mount Union College and the Washington & Jefferson College. He was admitted to the bar on June 7, 1887.

## Career

Collins started practicing law in Canton. He was elected as city solicitor of Canton in 1893.
Collins was a Democrat. He was elected as a member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing Stark County, in 1912. He served from 1913 to his death. He wrote a food trust bill that prevent monopolies by companies making food stuffs.

## Personal life

Collins married Mary C. Mellen of Millport in 1888.
Collins died following heart trouble on October 31, 1913, at his home in Canton.
# Boeing F3B

The Boeing F3B was a biplane fighter and fighter bomber that served with the United States Navy from 1928 into the early 1930s.

## Design and development

Designed by the company as its Model 74, the plane was an incremental improvement over the F2B. The Navy-designated prototype XF3B-1 still had the tapered wings of the F2B for instance, but was built as a single-float seaplane using the FB-5 undercarriage. However, the growing use of aircraft carriers took away most of the need for floating fighters, and by the time other test results had been taken into account, the production F3B-1 (Model 77) had a larger upper wing that was slightly swept back and a redesigned tail with surfaces made from corrugated aluminum. It also eliminated the spreader bar arrangement of the undercarriage and revised the vertical tail shape.

## Operational history

It first flew on 3 February 1928, turning in a respectable performance and garnering Boeing a contract for 73 more. F3Bs served as fighter-bombers for some four years with the squadrons VF-2B aboard USS Langley, VB-2B aboard USS Saratoga (later VF-6B), and VB-1B on USS Lexington, during which period some were fitted with Townend rings and others with streamlined wheel fairings. The aircraft remained in first-line service to 1932 and were then retained as "hacks" (command and staff transports) for several more years.

## Variants
### XF3B-1

    (Model 74) One prototype serial number A7674

### F3B-1

    (Model 77) Single-seat fighter biplane for the US Navy, 73 aircraft serial numbers A7675-A7691; A7708-A7763

## Operators
### United States

* United States Navy

## Specifications (F3B-1)

Data from The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 24 ft 10 in (7.57 m)
* Wingspan: 33 ft 0 in (10.06 m)
* Height: 9 ft 2 in (2.79 m)
* Wing area: 275 sq ft (25.55 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 2,179 lb (988 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 2,945 lb (1,336 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney R-1340-80 Wasp radial engine, 425 hp (317 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 157 mph (253 km/h, 137 kn)
* Cruise speed: 131 mph (211 km/h, 114 kn)
* Range: 340 mi (547 km, 296 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 21,500 ft (6,555 m)
* Rate of climb: 2,020 ft/min (10.26 m/s)
Armament
* Guns: Two 0.3 in (7.62mm) forward firing Browning machine guns in the forward fuselage
* Bombs: Five 25 lb (11.3 kg) bombs carried under the fuselage and lower wing
# Boeing XP3B

The Boeing XP3B-1 (company designation Model 466) was a proposed patrol aircraft, developed by Boeing for use by the United States Navy in the late 1940s. It was planned to be powered by two Allison T40 turboprops driving contra-rotating propellers, and utilized tandem landing gear. The project was cancelled before any aircraft were built.

## Specifications

Data from Bowers
General characteristics
* Length: 108 ft 11 in (33.20 m)
* Wingspan: 125 ft (38 m)
* Height: 32 ft 10 in (10.01 m)
* Wing area: 1,400 sq ft (130 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 66,000 lb (29,937 kg)
* Gross weight: 127,000 lb (57,606 kg)
* Powerplant: 2 × Allison T40-A-2 turboprops, 5,200 shp (3,900 kW) each
* Propellers: 6-bladed, 17 ft (5.2 m) diameter
Performance
* Maximum speed: 395 kn (454 mph, 731 km/h)
* Range: 4,497 nmi (5,175 mi, 8,328 km)
# Saint-Henri (provincial electoral district)

Saint-Henri (French pronunciation:) was a provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada.
It corresponded to Saint-Henri neighbourhood and surrounding area in Montreal.
It was created for the 1966 election from part of Montréal–Saint-Henri. Its final election was in 1989. It disappeared in the 1994 election and its successor electoral district was Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly / National Assembly

| Legislature | Years | Member | Party |
| Riding created from Montréal–Saint-Henri |||||
| 28th | 1966–1970 | Camille Martellani | Union Nationale |
| 29th | 1970–1973 | Gerard Shanks | Liberal |
| 30th | 1973–1976 | Gerard Shanks | Liberal |
| 31st | 1976–1981 | Jacques Couture | Parti Québécois |
| 32nd | 1981–1985 | Roma Hains | Liberal |
| 33rd | 1985–1989 | Roma Hains | Liberal |
| 34th | 1989–1994 | Nicole Loiselle | Liberal |
| Dissolved into Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne |||||
# List of converts to the Baháʼí Faith

This is a list of converts to the Baháʼí Faith organised by former religion.

## Converted from Abrahamic religions
### From Islam

Most of the early followers of Baháʼu'lláh came from an Islamic background.
* Mírzá Abu'l-Faḍl (1844–1914) – foremost Baháʼí scholar who helped spread the Baháʼí Faith in Egypt, Turkmenistan, and the United States.
* Mishkín-Qalam (1826–1912) – prominent Baháʼí and one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh, as well as a famous calligrapher of 19th-century Persia.
* Nabíl-i-Aʻzam (1831–1892) – Baháʼí historian and one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh
* Hají Ákhúnd (1842–1910) – eminent follower of Baháʼu'lláh. He was appointed a Hand of the Cause, and identified as one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh.
* Ibn-i-Abhar (died 1917) – appointed a Hand of the Cause, and identified as one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh.
* Mírzá Mahmúd (died 1927/1928) – eminent follower of Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith.
* Núrayn-i-Nayyirayn – two brothers who were beheaded in the city of Isfahan in 1879.
* Somaya Ramadan (born 1951) – 2001 winner of the Naguib Mahfouz Medal for Literature.
* Hasan M. Balyuzi (1908–1980) – a descendant of relatives of the Báb, he was nevertheless a Muslim until he joined the religion following developing a friendship with Shoghi Effendi circa 1925, and eventually was named a Hand of the Cause of God.

### From Judaism

* Lidia Zamenhof (1904–1942) – Polish writer, translator, active promoter of Esperanto (daughter of L. L. Zamenhof, the creator of Esperanto), killed by Germans during the Holocaust.
* John Ferraby (1914–1973) – British, Baháʼí Hand of the Cause
* Flora Purim (born 1942) – Brazilian jazz singer
* Ethel Jenner Rosenberg (1858–1930) – painter, the first English Baháʼí, secretary and publisher of Baháʼí books.
* Steve Sarowitz (born 1965/1966) – American billionaire businessman, the founder of Paylocity.

### From Christianity

* Russell Garcia (1916–2011) – motion picture composer
* David Krummenacker (born 1975) – Track & Field indoor World Champion in 800m in 2003, NCAA Champion (Georgia Tech) 1997, 1998
* Jacqueline Left Hand Bull (born 1943) – American Indian Health care policy administrator (from Catholicism)
* Queen Marie of Romania (1875–1938) – final Queen of Romania as the wife of Ferdinand I of Romania.
* Jesse O. McCarthy (1867–1937) Toronto municipal politician and social reformer. Previously a Methodist.
* Luke McPharlin (born 1981) – Australian footballer for the Fremantle Dockers
* Julia Lynch Olin (1882–1961) – American author and Baháʼí who co-founded the New History Society in New York City.
* Enoch Olinga (1926–1979) – born to an Anglican earned the title Hand of the Cause of God.
* Mason Remey (1874–1974) – prominent American Baháʼí.

## Converted from unknown religions

* Arvid Nelson – American comic book writer, best known for Rex Mundi
* Zhang Xin (born 1965) – Chinese businesswoman.
* David Kelly (1944–2003) – former employee of the British Ministry of Defence and a United Nations weapons inspector in Iraq who was an authority on biological warfare.
# Clipeus

In the military of classical antiquity, a clipeus (Latin:; Ancient Greek: ἀσπίς) was a large shield worn by the Greek hoplites and Romans as a piece of defensive armor, which they carried upon the arm, to protect them from the blows of their enemies. It was round in shape and in the middle was a bolt of iron, or of some other metal, with a sharp point. The clipeus was more-or-less identical to the earlier aspis.

## In art

Pliny the Elder also describes the custom of having a bust-portrait of an ancestor painted on a clipeus, and having it hung in a temple or other public place. From this round bas-reliefs in a medallion on sarcophagi and in other forms are known as imago clipeata or "clipeus portraits", a term usually restricted to Roman art.

## Roman use

The clipeus was used by Romans during the Roman Kingdom and early republic but was replaced by the legionary scutum, a convex rectangular shield, in the later Roman Republic. However, the scutum disappeared during the Crisis of the Third Century. All troops adopted the auxiliary oval (and sometimes round or hexagonal) shield (parma or clipeus). Shields, from examples found at Dura-Europos and Nydam Mose, were of vertical plank construction, the planks glued, and faced inside and out with painted leather. The edges of the shield were bound with stitched rawhide, which shrank as it dried, improving structural cohesion. It was also lighter than the edging of copper alloy used in earlier Roman shields.
The clipeus virtutis, Latin for "shield of bravery", was awarded to Augustus for his "courage, clemency, justice and piety" by the senate and displayed in the Curia Julia.
# Muellerina (crustacean)

Muellerina is a genus of ostracods in the family Hemicytheridae. The name is a tribute to German zoologist specializing in ostracod biology Christian Gustav Wilhelm Müller (1857-1940).