OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leavesden

Leavesden may mean:
* Leavesden, Hertfordshire, an area of Watford, Hertfordshire, England
* Leavesden Aerodrome, a former airfield in Leavesden, Herts.
* Warner Bros. Studios Leavesden, a film and media complex owned by Warner Bros. on the site of the former Rolls-Royce factory at Leavesden Aerodrome
* Leavesden Hospital, on the outskirts of Abbots Langley, England
# R. Michael Ferrall

R. Michael Ferrall (born October 3, 1936) is a former member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

## Biography

Ferrall was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He graduated from high school in Gresham, Wisconsin before receiving a B.S. degree from the University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point in 1962 and a M.S. from the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee in 1967. From 1954 to 1957, Ferrall served in the United States Navy. He has five children.

## Political career

Ferrall was first elected to the Assembly in 1970. He is a Democrat.
In two successive legislative sessions, Ferrall championed the "Ferrall bill" to establish a right to privacy in Wisconsin for the first time, making an invasion of the right to privacy and false light as causes of action under state law. In 1975, the Assembly passed the bill but the Senate failed to act on it. In 1977, the bill passed committee and was sent to the Assembly floor, but was delayed on a close vote; critics were concerned about a proliferation of lawsuits and media outlets were concerned about freedom of the press issues.
In 1978, Ferrall became embroiled in a controversy over a $30 legislative per diem allowance he received while maintaining a house in Dane County, where the capital of Madison is situated. State law provided that legislators who maintained "primary residence" in Dane County were entitled only to half the maximum $30 per diem allowance. Ferrall was eventually cleared of wrongdoing in a report by Legislative Counsel staff attorneys.
In April 1979, Ferrall and fellow representative John Shabaz were arrested in separate incidents on charges of driving under the influence. Ferrall decided not to fight the charge.
Ferrall did not seek renomination to the Assembly in 1980.
Ferrall's 1970-1980 papers are held by the University of Wisconsin–Madison library.
# Route nationale 3 (Madagascar)

Route nationale 3 (RN 3) is a highway of 91 km in Madagascar, running from Antananarivo to Talata Volonondry, Anjozorobe and the Lake Alaotra. It crosses the region of Analamanga and Alaotra-Mangoro.
# Joseph E. Warner (Massachusetts politician)

Joseph Everett Warner (May 16, 1884 – May 30, 1958) was a U.S. politician who served as the Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1919 to 1920, as the Attorney General of Massachusetts from 1928 to 1935, and as a Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court from 1940 until his death in 1958.
Warner was born in Taunton, Massachusetts, on May 16, 1884, to Richard Everett Warner and Ida Evelyn (Briggs) Warner. Warner graduated from Harvard College and Harvard Law School.
After graduating from college, Warner was elected to the Taunton city council. He was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1912. He served as chairman of the ways and means committee from 1916 to 1918 and speaker of the House from 1919 to 1920. Warner was a delegate to the 1920 Republican National Convention.
In 1923, Warner was appointed assistant attorney general by Massachusetts Attorney General Arthur K. Reading. He was appointed attorney general when Reading resigned in 1928 and remained in office until his retirement in 1935. He then conducted private practice in Boston until 1940, when Governor Leverett Saltonstall appointed Warner to be a Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court.
Warner died in his home of a heart attack on May 30, 1958.
# R. Clint Cole

Raymond Clinton Cole (August 21, 1870 – February 8, 1957) was an American lawyer and politician who served three terms a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1919 to 1925. He was the brother of Ralph Dayton Cole, who also served in Congress.

## Biography

Born in Biglick Township, near Findlay, Ohio, Cole attended the common schools and Findlay College, Findlay, Ohio. He taught school nine years. He was graduated from the law department of Ohio Northern University at Ada in 1900.
He was admitted to the bar of Ohio the same year and commenced practice in Findlay, Ohio, in 1901.

### National Guard

He served as member of the Ohio National Guard from 1903 to 1913. He served as city solicitor from 1912 to 1916.

### Congress

Cole was elected as a Republican to the Sixty-sixth, Sixty-seventh, and Sixty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1919 – March 3, 1925). He served as chairman of the Committee on Elections No. 1 (Sixty-eighth Congress).
He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1924 to the Sixty-ninth Congress.
He resumed the practice of law.

### Death and burial

He died in Findlay, Ohio, on February 8, 1957. He was interred in Bright Cemetery.

## Sources

* Media related to R. Clint Cole at Wikimedia Commons
* United States Congress. "R. Clint Cole (id: C000613)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
* This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byJohn A. Key | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio's 8th congressional district 1919-1925 | Succeeded byThomas B. Fletcher |
# Theodore Otis

Theodore Otis (December 15, 1810 – July 11, 1873) was an American politician, who served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and the seventh Mayor of Roxbury, Massachusetts from 1859 to 1860.
# Michael Otterman

Michael Otterman is a freelance journalist and documentary filmmaker based in New York City and Sydney. He graduated from Boston University, with a BSc in Journalism, and from the University of Sydney with a MLitt (PACS) where he is a visiting scholar at the Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies (CPACS).

## Book

In March 2007, his first book American Torture: From the Cold War to Abu Ghraib and Beyond was published by Melbourne University Publishing (MUP). He toured, promoting the book from June to October 2007. In October 2007, he gave a talk at New York University.
As Dennis Altman wrote in The Age, "Otterman writes as a patriot - one who expects much of his country and is angry when it fails him." Television appearances in 2007 included The Tavis Smiley Show, BBC World News, and JTV, ABC Australia.

## Blog

Michael Otterman also ran a blog, American Torture, which was intended to "provide a venue for discussions about America's use of torture and feature updates about the fate of the over 10,000 'enemy combatants' and 'security detainees' held across the globe in secret CIA prisons and in places like Guantanamo Bay, Cuba and Bagram Air Base in Afghanistan."
He is currently, as of 2010, working on a forthcoming publication Collateral Carnage: The Human Cost of the War in Iraq, coauthored with Dr Richard Hil and Dr Paul Wilson.

## NorCor Management

Michael Otterman is a partner at NorCor Manager, a business that runs in his family. This family-run business in Queens manages an expanding portfolio of cooperatives, condos, and rental properties.

## Publications

* Sensory deprivation just another name for torture
* Michael Otterman: Why CIA abuse is medieval madness
* Hitchens's tortured explanation
* Between Iraq and a Hard Place
* American Torture: From the Cold War to Abu Ghraib and Beyond.
* Michael Otterman, Richard Hil, Paul Wilson, Dahr Jamail (2010), Erasing Iraq: The Human Costs Of Carnage, ISBN 978-0-7453-2897-3
# Trône metro station

Trône (French, pronounced ) or Troon (Dutch, pronounced ) is a Brussels Metro station on the southern segment of lines 2 and 6. It is located under the Small Ring (Brussels' inner ring road) at the Place du Trône/Troonplein, near the Royal Palace, in the City of Brussels, Belgium.
The station opened on 20 December 1970, under the name Luxembourg/Luxemburg, as a premetro (underground tram) station on the tram line between Madou and Porte de Namur/Naamsepoort. It became a heavy metro station when this line was converted on 2 October 1988 and its name was changed on that occasion to reflect the aboveground square. Then, following the reorganisation of the Brussels Metro on 4 April 2009, it now lies on the joint section of lines 2 and 6.
# Newrybar, New South Wales

Newrybar is a small historic village located in the Northern Rivers Region of New South Wales; it is 16 kms south of Byron Bay. It is on the lands of the Bundjalung people.
The town's name appears to have been derived from a Yugambeh–Bundjalung word, "Nurybar", which apparently mean 'climbing vine' or 'the places where vines grow'.
At the 2021 census, it had a permanent population of 532.

## History

Newrybar was first settled by Europeans in 1881 and many farmers moved to the area. Some of the first constructed buildings were a general store, a tinsmith and tailor, the Presbyterian Church and the Newrybar Public School. Some of these earliest buildings remain intact.
One of these buildings is the Newrybar Community Hall, previously the Newrybar School of Arts, which was built in 1899 and is used for community functions and events. Each Wednesday it hosts the Newyrbar Eats and Produce Markets.

## Demographics

As of the 2021 Australian census, 532 people resided in Newrybar, up from 444 in the 2016 census. The median age of persons in Newrybar was 47 years. There were more males than females, with 50.6% of the population male and 49.4% female. The average household size was 2.6 people per household.
# Lens board

A lens board or lensboard is a photographic part used for securing a lens to the front standard of a large format view camera. The lens board itself is usually flat, square, and made of metal (most commonly aluminum), wood, or plastic. The lens board will have a hole of various diameters drilled dead center on the board. A lens board typically varies between 1 and 4 millimeters in thickness. The overall size and shape of the lens board depends on the brand of camera and film format used. Some cameras will use 2 to 4 screws to secure the lens board to the front standard of the view camera, most commonly however, the lens board will be secured by one or more locking levers or tabs to allow tool-less removal of the lens board. The rear surface of a lens board is usually painted matte black to keep light entering the camera through the lens during exposure from reflecting off the surface and interfering with the projected image.
While most lens boards are flat, some are recessed to accommodate wider focal length lenses which must be positioned closer to the film plane. A recessed lens board effectively reduces the flange focal distance of a camera.

## Sizes

Depending on the size and focal length of a particular lens, a certain diameter of hole is drilled in the center of the lens board to accommodate the shutter assembly. Lens boards are typically available pre-drilled by the camera manufacturer, however, if no replacement lens board is available from a camera manufacturer, then one can be custom fabricated by a machinist. Nearly all large format leaf shutters made since the 1990s are manufactured by the Nidec Copal Corporation, therefore the diameter of hole drilled is commonly referred to as the ‘Copal Number’.
The Copal sizes are as follows:
* Copal #0 - 34.6 mm
* Copal #1 - 41.6 mm
* Copal #3 – 65 mm
* Copal #3s - 64.5 mm
The origin Compur/Compound sizes are as follows:
* Compur #00 - 26.3 mm
* Compur #0 - 34.6 mm
* Compur #1 - 41.6 mm
* Compur #2 - 52.5 mm (there were different versions like Compur II and Compur II 5/2)
* Compur #3 - 65.0 mm
* Compound Dagor - 38.0 mm
* Compound #3 Hülse 7 - 63.2 mm
* Compound #4 Hülse 9 - 69.1 mm
* Compound #4 Hülse 10 - 80.0 mm
* Compound #5 Hülse 12 - 93.4 mm

## Lens mounting

Lenses are fitted to a lens board by placing the shutter assembly through the front of the board and securing the shutter assembly by threading a locknut to rear of the shutter. A front lens element will thread onto the mounted shutter and if necessary, a second lens element will thread onto the rear of the mounted shutter. This procedure can be accomplished by a camera technician, or by an end-user with the appropriate tools.

## Other uses

Lens boards are used in photographic enlargers to secure an enlarging lens to the focus stage of the device.
Similar to large format photographic view cameras, a lens board is utilized by some reprographic cameras in the printing industry.
Lens boards may also be used by some medical and scientific imaging devices.
# Tragwein

Tragwein is a municipality in the district of Freistadt in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.
# Christopher M. Lane

Christopher M. Lane was a Republican member of the Massachusetts Senate. He first won election in 1990 and was defeated in 1992 by Marian Walsh. He ran again in 1994 but lost to William R. Keating.
# James T. Begg

James Thomas Begg (February 16, 1877 – March 26, 1963) was an American educator and politician who served five terms as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1919 to 1929.

## Biography

Born on a farm near Lima, Ohio, Begg attended the public and high schools of Columbus Grove, and Lima (Ohio) College. He was graduated from the Wooster (Ohio) University in 1903. He taught school. Superintendent of public schools at Columbus Grove, Ohio 1905–1910, at Ironton, Ohio from 1910 to 1913, and at Sandusky, Ohio from 1913 to 1917. He was employed as a campaign director and lectured throughout the United States for the American City Bureau of New York in chamber-of-commerce work 1917–1919.

### Congress

Begg was elected as a Republican to the Sixty-sixth and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1919 – March 3, 1929). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1928 to the Seventy-first Congress. He engaged in the banking business. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1942 to the Seventy-eighth Congress. Business consultant and dairy farmer.

### Later career and death

He moved to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, in 1959, where he resided until his death on March 26, 1963. He was interred in Garfield-Lakeview Cemetery, Cleveland, Ohio.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "James T. Begg (id: B000314)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byArthur W. Overmyer | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio's 13th congressional district 1919-1929 | Succeeded byJoseph E. Baird |
# Double Exposure (1954 film)

Double Exposure is a 1954 British second feature ('B') crime film directed by John Gilling and starring John Bentley, Rona Anderson and Garry Marsh. It was written by Gilling and John Roddick.

## Cast

* John Bentley as Pete Fleming
* Rona Anderson as Barbara Leyland
* Garry Marsh as Beaumont
* Alexander Gauge as Denis Clayton
* Ingeborg von Kusserow as Maxine Golder
* John Horsley as Lamport
* Doris Hare as Woman Police Sergeant
* Eric Berry
* Frank Forsyth as Inspector Grayle
* Ronan O'Casey as Trickson
* Alan Robinson
* Ryck Rydon as Trixon
* Sally Newton
* Rita Webb as flower seller

## Production

The film was made at Southall Studios, with sets designed by Wilfred Arnold.

## Critical reception

The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote: "Formula thriller, which opens promisingly but becomes less exciting as it progresses; attempts at comedy, in the dialogue between Fleming and his partner, Beaumont, are rather heavy-handed."
Kine Weekly wrote: "A keen sense of humour artfully relieves tension and cloaks occasional inconsistencies. In a word the thumbnail thriller makes a favourable impresson."
In British Sound Films: The Studio Years 1928–1959 David Quinlan rated the film as "mediocre", writing: "Good premise but thriller becomes less convincing as it progresses."
# 1987 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team

The 1987 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represented the University of Minnesota in the 1987 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their second year under head coach John Gutekunst, the Golden Gophers compiled a 6–5 record and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 262 to 257.
Offensive guard Troy Wilkow was named All-Big Ten first team. Offensive lineman Paul Anderson, quarterback Rickey Foggie, tailback Darrell Thompson, kicker Chip Lohmiller and linebacker Jon Leverenz were named All-Big Ten second team. Punter Brent Herbel and offensive lineman Dan Liimatta were named Academic All-Big Ten.
Foggie was awarded the Bronko Nagurski Award. Darrell Thompson was awarded the Bruce Smith Award. Jon Leverenz was awarded the Carl Eller Award. Chip Lohmiller was awarded the Bobby Bell Award. Linebacker Brian Bonner was awarded the Butch Nash Award. Offensive tackle Dan Rechtin was awarded the Paul Giel Award.
Total attendance for the season was 371,809, which averaged out to 55,116 per game. The season high for attendance was against rival Wisconsin.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | TV | Result | Attendance |
| September 12 | 7:00 pm | Northern Iowa* | Hubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeMinneapolis, MN | KITN | W 24–7 | 50,120 |
| September 19 | 6:15 pm | California* | Hubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeMinneapolis, MN | KITN | W 32–23 | 47,322 |
| September 26 | 7:00 pm | Central Michigan* | Hubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeMinneapolis, MN | | W 30–10 | 46,868 |
| October 3 | 1:00 pm | Purdue | Hubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeMinneapolis, MN | | W 21–19 | 49,376 |
| October 10 | 11:30 am | at Northwestern | Dyche StadiumEvanston, IL | RCM | W 45–33 | 22,104 |
| October 16 | 7:30 pm | No. 20 Indiana | Hubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeMinneapolis, MN | | L 17–18 | 60,340 |
| October 24 | 2:30 pm | at No. 16 Ohio State | Ohio StadiumColumbus, OH | RCM | L 9–42 | 89,801 |
| October 31 | 1:00 pm | Illinois | Memorial StadiumChampaign, IL | | L 17–27 | 60,143 |
| November 7 | 2:30 pm | Michigan | Hubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeMinneapolis, MN (Little Brown Jug) | ABC | L 20–30 | 55,481 |
| November 14 | 7:00 pm | Wisconsin | Hubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeMinneapolis, MN (rivalry) | | W 22–19 | 64,412 |
| November 21 | 1:05 pm | at No. 18 Iowa | Kinnick StadiumIowa City, IA (rivalry) | | L 20–34 | 67,700 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from AP Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Central time ||||||||
# Lai On Estate

Lai On Estate (Chinese: 麗安邨) is a public housing estate in Sham Shui Po, New Kowloon, Hong Kong located near Lai Kok Estate, Dragon Centre, and Sham Shui Po station. It consists of 5 residential blocks completed in 1993.
Yee Ching Court (Chinese: 怡靖苑) is a Home Ownership Scheme court in Sham Shui Po, near Lai Kok Estate, Lai On Estate and Dragon Centre. It has 3 blocks built in 1993.

## Background

The site where the estate is located was formerly the Sham Shui Po Barracks (Chinese: 深水埗軍營) of the British Army between the 1910s to 1977. During World War II, the barrack was attacked by the Japanese Army and was used as a concentration camp during the Japanese occupation from 1941 to 1945. After the war, the barracks were once again used by British Army until 1977, when they were closed. Part of the site became Lai Kok Estate in 1981 and Sham Shui Po Park in 1983, while another part was a refugee camp for Vietnamese boat people. In 1989, the refugee camp was closed and was partly replaced by Lai On Estate in 1993.

## Houses
### Lai On Estate

| Name | Chinese name | Building type | Completed |
| Lai Ching House | 麗正樓 | Harmony 1A | 1993 |
| Lai Lim House | 麗廉樓 | Harmony 1A | 1993 |
| Lai Ping House | 麗平樓 | Harmony 1A | 1993 |
| Lai Tak House | 麗德樓 | Harmony 1A | 1993 |
| Lai Wing House | 麗榮樓 | Harmony 1A | 1993 |

### Yee Ching Court

| Name | Chinese name | Building type | Completed |
| Han Ching House | 閒靜閣 | Harmony 1A | 1993 |
| Ning Ching House | 寧靜閣 | Harmony 1A | 1993 |
| Yat Ching House | 逸靜閣 | Harmony 1A | 1993 |

## Demographics

According to the 2016 by-census, Lai On Estate had a population of 2,957. The median age was 50.1 and the majority of residents (97 per cent) were of Chinese ethnicity. Cantonese was the usual spoken language of 98.6 per cent of residents (excluding non-speaking persons). The average household size was 2.2 people. The median monthly household income of all households (i.e. including both economically active and inactive households) was HK$11,860.

## Politics

Lai On Estate and Yee Ching Court are located in Lai Kok constituency of the Sham Shui Po District Council. It was formerly represented by Li Kwing, who was elected in the 2019 elections until July 2021.
# Shaunard Harts

Shaunard Trudell Harts (born August 4, 1978) is an American former professional football safety in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Kansas City Chiefs from 2001 to 2004. Born and raised in Pittsburg, California; Shaunard excelled at basketball and football while attending Pittsburg High School. Although he played as a safety at Boise State and in the NFL, Shaunard starred as a wide receiver in high school. He was selected in the seventh round of the 2001 NFL draft, as was fellow Pittsburg native, Joe Tafoya.
# Scott C. Fergus

Scott C. Fergus (born January 27, 1955) is an American real estate developer and former politician from Racine, Wisconsin. A Democrat, he was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly for three terms, representing the 61st Assembly district from 1985 through 1990. He resigned from office after being implicated in a scandal involving several lawmakers receiving improper gifts from lobbyists. Subsequently, he was involved in several major real estate projects in southeast Wisconsin, but went bankrupt after the real estate bubble burst in 2008.

## Biography

Fergus was born on January 27, 1955, in Racine, Wisconsin. He graduated from Washington Park High School and Carthage College.

## Career

Fergus was first elected to the Assembly in 1984 and was re-elected in 1986 and 1988. In 1989, Fergus was one of about a dozen Wisconsin legislators caught up in a "John Doe" investigation of improper gifts from lobbyists. Fergus ultimately paid about $2,000 in fines.
In May, 1990, Fergus announced he would not seek re-election and would instead take a job as Vice President of the Wisconsin Realtors Association.
A few years later he founded the Nexus Builders Group, a construction company, and moved into residential and commercial property development as President of the KeyBridge Development Group. In 2008, Fergus went bankrupt pursuing two major residential development projects, Pointe Blue, on the Racine harbor, and First Place, a condo development in Milwaukee.

## Electoral history
### Wisconsin Assembly (1984, 1986, 1988)

| Year | Election | Date | Elected | Elected | Elected | Elected | Defeated | Defeated | Defeated | Defeated | Total | Plurality |
| 1984 | Primary | Sep. 11 | Scott C. Fergus | Democratic | 1,920 | 53.36% | Robert L. Turner | Dem. | 1,345 | 37.38% | 3,598 | 575 |
| 1984 | Primary | Sep. 11 | Scott C. Fergus | Democratic | 1,920 | 53.36% | William M. Frank | Dem. | 333 | 9.26% | 3,598 | 575 |
| 1984 | General | Nov. 6 | Scott C. Fergus | Democratic | 10,880 | 55.21% | Donald Walsh | Rep. | 8,827 | 44.79% | 19,707 | 2,053 |
| 1986 | General | Nov. 4 | Scott C. Fergus (inc) | Democratic | 7,575 | 58.88% | Norman T. Monson | Rep. | 5,291 | 41.12% | 12,866 | 2,284 |
| 1988 | General | Nov. 8 | Scott C. Fergus (inc) | Democratic | 11,700 | 67.09% | Gwendolyn Wortock | Rep. | 5,738 | 32.91% | 17,438 | 5,962 |
# Karen O'Donnell

Karen O'Donnell was an American Democratic politician from Waltham, Massachusetts. She represented the 10th Middlesex district in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1993 to 1995.
# Cetyń

Cetyń (German: Zettin) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzebielino, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Trzebielino, 25 km (16 mi) north-west of Bytów, and 98 km (61 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.