OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joseph A. Swanson

Joseph A. Swanson is visiting scholar in finance at Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management—where he was Professor of Finance from 1975 through 1986; Adjunct Professor of Finance, 1988-2007; Clinical Professor of Finance, 2007-2014. Since 2007 he has been the Board Chair of Jos. Swanson & Co., a Milwaukee-based management consulting firm.

## Academic career

He received a B.S. (summa cum laude in Economics & History, 1964) and a Ph.D. (Economics, 1968), both from the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
He was on the faculty successively of Purdue University (1967-1969), University of Iowa (1970-1974), and Northwestern University (1975-2007). He taught courses in microeconomic theory, econometrics, time series analysis, corporate financial management, securities analysis, quantitative models of financial market performance, due diligence for mergers and acquisitions, and project finance.
His research has been focused on the themes of optimal capital accumulation, economic history of urban growth, optimal plant location, transportation cost & productivity performance, financial market efficiency with a focus on bond pricing, and auction markets. His current research is focused on applications of finance theory in private equity and project finance.
Among his major publications are Douglas W. Caves, Laurits R. Christensen, and J. A. Swanson, "Productivity Growth, Scale Economies, and Capacity Utilization in U.S. Railroads, 1955-1974," American Economic Review, 1981, 71, 994–1002.; and, with John Ledyard "The First Use of Combined-Value Auction for Transportation Services" Interfaces, 2002, 32, 4–12.
After leaving the full-time faculty of the Kellogg School of Management in 1987, he joined the Chicago Corporation where he organized a transportation research, trading and corporate finance team, specializing in the public offerings of the truckload transportation sector. In 1989 he moved to CalFed as Senior Vice President for Corporate Development, where he executed a sequence of acquisitions and divestitures that were widely noted. In 1991 Swanson resumed the CEO position at Jos. Swanson & Co.
He has served, and continues to serve on many corporate boards of directors. He is a founding director of Cargo 360 and Cheetah Software Systems. He served as a director of the Walker Group. He served a six-year term as trustee of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America's Board of Pensions, where he chaired its audit committee and served on its investment committee. He is a former trustee (and chair of its endowment committee) of North Shore Country Day School, and the Evanston Business Investment Corp.
# Gardna Wielka

Gardna Wielka (German: Groß Garde) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Smołdzino, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Smołdzino, 21 km (13 mi) north-east of Słupsk, and 100 km (62 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
Before 1945 the area of Farther Pomerania, where the village is located, was part of Germany. On 8 March 1945, the region was conquested by the Red Army, and after the end of World War II the local populace was expelled to West Germany and the town and district became part of Poland as Powiat słupski. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Columbia 32

The Columbia 32 is an American sailboat that was designed by William H. Tripp Jr. and first built in 1975.
The boat was derived from the shorter Columbia 30.
The Columbia 32 design was previously sold by Coronado Yachts as the Coronado 32, starting in 1973 and was later sold by Sailcrafter as the Sailcrafter 32, commencing in 1977. It was also developed into the Watkins 32 in 1982.

## Production

The design was built by Columbia Yachts in the United States from 1975 to 1976, with 80 boats completed, but it is now out of production.

## Design

The Columbia 32 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a raked stem, an angled transom, a skeg-mounted rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel. It displaces 9,450 lb (4,286 kg) and carries 4,040 lb (1,833 kg) of ballast.
The boat has a draft of 5.50 ft (1.68 m) with the standard keel fitted.
The boat is fitted with a gasoline inboard motor, driving a two-bladed bronze propeller, for docking and maneuvering. The fuel tank holds 20 U.S. gallons (76 L; 17 imp gal) and the fresh water tank has a capacity of 50 U.S. gallons (190 L; 42 imp gal).
Below decks the design has a main salon featuring a folding, drop-down table with two settees that can be converted into upper and lower pilot berths. The galley has a 75 lb (34 kg) capacity icebox and a stainless steel sink. The head is fully enclosed.
The design has a hull speed of 6.9 kn (12.8 km/h).
# David Omdahl

David M. Omdahl (born September 11, 1956) is an American politician and a former Republican member of the South Dakota Senate representing District 11 from 2013 to 2017.

## Elections
### South Dakota state senate

* 2012 When incumbent Senate District 11 Republican senator Todd Schlekeway left the Legislature and left the seat open, Omdahl was unopposed for the June 5, 2012, Republican primary and won the November 6, 2012, general election with 5,888 votes (56.7%) against Democratic nominee Tom Cool, who had been the Democratic nominee for the seat in 2010.
# Anatoly Agranovsky

Anatoly Abramovich Agranovsky (Russian: Анатолий Абрамович Аграновский; January 8, 1922 – April 14, 1984) was a Soviet journalist, novelist, screenwriter, and animator.

## Early life

Agranovsky was born on January 8, 1922, in Kharkov, then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, into the family of journalist Abram Agranovsky. In 1937, his parents were arrested during the Great Purge. He and his brother were placed under the guardianship of their aunt, Gisya Eterman. To support himself, fifteen-year-old Anatoly worked designing and painting cinema posters.

### Education

Agranovsky began studying history at the Moscow State Pedagogical University in 1939 but paused his education to join the military during World War II. From 1944 to 1946, he served as a cadet in the Soviet Air Force and later transitioned into military journalism.

## Career

After his demobilization, Agranovsky worked in various artistic roles, including as an animator, assistant cameraman, retoucher, and graphic designer. He also wrote screenplays, which marked the beginning of his literary career. Between 1956 and 1958, he attended the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute.
He worked for many years as a correspondent for Izvestia, where he gained widespread recognition for his reports. He was particularly known for his human-centered stories and profiles of individuals such as ophthalmologist Svyatoslav Fyodorov, whom he followed for years.
In the 1970s, Agranovsky was called "journalist number one". He published more than 20 books in his lifetime. Additionally, Agranovsky was a member of the Union of Writers of the USSR and the Union of Journalists of the USSR. His contributions to Soviet journalism earned him the title of Laureate of the Union of Journalists of the USSR.

## Death

He died on 14 April 1984. He was buried at the Vvedenskoye Cemetery.

## Legacy

Agranovsky's work greatly influenced Soviet journalism, with many publicists of the Perestroika era citing him as an inspiration.

## Selected filmography

* They Conquer the Skies (1963) – Screenwriter
* I'm Going to Search (1966) – Screenwriter
# Willi Koeppen

Willi Koeppen (b. 22 June 1929–disappeared 28 February 1976) was a German Australian chef who is credited as being Australia's first celebrity chef, hosting the cooking program The Chef Presents on Channel Seven in Melbourne between 1957 and 1959 and owning the Cuckoo restaurant in Olinda, Victoria, within the Dandenong Ranges. Koeppen disappeared under mysterious circumstances in February 1976, with his ultimate fate remaining unknown.

## Early life

Willi Koeppen was born in Berlin, Germany, on 22 June 1929. He began his culinary career with an apprenticeship at the prestigious Hotel Adlon, and continued following his emigration to Australia in the 1950s when he became the executive chef at the Chevron Hotel in Melbourne. Koeppen married his wife, Karin Lantzsch, on 30 April 1957.
Around the time of their marriage, Koeppen and his wife purchased a café on Mount Dandenong Tourist Road in the town of Olinda, Victoria, located within the Dandenong Ranges. The couple converted the establishment into the Cuckoo, a Bavarian-themed smorgasbord-style restaurant. The Cuckoo's success made Koeppen a prominent figure in the Melbourne area, leading to Koeppen presenting The Chef Presents, a five-minute cooking program, on the local Channel Seven station between 1957 and 1959. Koeppen also presented a radio program on Melbourne station 3XY.
# John Downes

John Downes may refer to:
* John Downes (regicide) (1609–c. 1666), English commissioner convicted of regicide of Charles I of England at the restoration of Charles II
* John Downes (prompter) (died c. 1712), English theatre prompter for most of the Restoration period, 1660–1700
* John Downes (naval officer) (1786–1854), American commodore and ship captain in the United States Navy
* John Downes (admiral), rear admiral in the United States Navy during World War II
* John Downes (sailor) (1870–1943), British Olympic sailing gold medalist in 1908
* John Downes (runner), Irish athlete at the 1996 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior men's race
* John K. Downes (1879–1944), Canadian politician, member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, 1922–1927
* John P. Downes, member of the Illinois House of Representatives
* Sean Downes (1962–1984), known as John, ex-PIRA member who died when he was shot in the chest with a plastic bullet during the Troubles
# Meat Cake

Meat Cake is a comic book series written and drawn by American cartoonist Dame Darcy. Originally published by Caliber Press, Meat Cake was published by Fantagraphics in the United States from 1993 to 2008.
Meat Cake has been described as "neo-Victorian", with each issue containing a collection of stories featuring a cast of oddball characters. All the same, Meat Cake was characterized by one critic as extremely personal: "the aesthetic that made Meatcake so distinctive wasn't cultivated; it was who [Dame Darcy] was, and how she was".

## Publication history

One issue of Meat Cake was published in 1992 by Caliber Press.
In 1993 Fantagraphics picked up Meat Cake as an ongoing series, starting over the numbering with issue #1. Early issues were produced approximately every 6 months, but by issue #8, only one issue was published per year, until issue #17 (2008). No new issues of Meat Cake have appeared since.

### Collected editions

* Dame Darcy's Meat Cake Compilation (Fantagraphics, 2003; reprint edition, 2010) ISBN 978-1560975328 — collects material from the first decade of the comic; includes "Hungry is the Heart", a collaboration between Dame Darcy and Alan Moore
* The Meat Cake Bible (Fantagraphics, 2016) ISBN 978-1606999103 — every story from all 17 issues (1993-2008), as well as new stories from the unpublished 18th issue

## Recurring characters

* Effluvia the Mermaid
* Wax Wolf — a roguish roué
* Igpay the Pig Latin pig
* Stregapez — a woman who speaks by dispensing Pez-like tablets through a bloody hole in her throat
* Hindrance and Perfidia — mischievous Siamese twins
* Scampi the Selfish Shellfish
* Friend the Girl
* Richard Dirt — a blond bombshell
# Haitao Zheng

Haitao "Heather" Zheng (Chinese: 郑海涛) is a Chinese-American computer scientist and electrical engineer. She is the Neubauer Professor of Computer Science at the University of Chicago. She was elected a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for "contributions to dynamic spectrum access and cognitive radio networks". She was named to the 2022 class of ACM Fellows, "for contributions to wireless networking and mobile computing".
Zheng graduated in 1995 from the Special Class for the Gifted Young of Xi'an Jiaotong University in China, with a B.S. in electrical engineering. In 1999, she earned her Ph.D. in electrical and computer engineering from the University of Maryland, College Park, under the supervision of K. J. Ray Liu. After working at the Bell Labs and Microsoft Research Asia, she joined the faculty of the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) in 2005. In 2017, she was appointed the Neubauer Professor of Computer Science at the University of Chicago. She remains an adjunct professor at UCSB.
# Gartki

Gartki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czersk, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Emmanuel Guérin

Emmanuel Guérin (French pronunciation:; 1884–1967) was a French sculptor.

## Brief biography

Guérin studied at the École des beaux-arts in Rennes alongside Pierre Charles Lenoir, Éloi Emile Robert, Armel Beaufils, Francis Renaud (sculptor), Louis Henri Nicot and Jean Boucher (artist)

## Main works

Below are details of some of Emmanuel Guérin's sculptures.

## Chartres-de-Bretagne War Memorial

Guérin's composition for this war memorial was an imaginative one. A woman, dressed in a typical dress of the Rennes district, kneels in prayer before a grotto like arrangements of rocks, similar to the Lourdes grotto, at the top of which is a statue of the Virgin Mary. The original plaster model of this Guérin sculpture was shown at the 1922 Salon de la Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts.

## Bédée War Memorial

This 1920 memorial depicts a sculpture by Guérin of a woman in Breton dress.

## Saint-Gilles War Memorial

This monument dates to 1921 and Guérin sculpted the figure of a woman in Breton dress and wearing the Rennes "polka" bonnet.

## Breteil War Memorial

The inauguration of this memorial, with a Guérin sculpture of a soldier, took place on 30 September 1923. It is inscribed with the names of 56 men of Breteil who gave their lives for France in the 1914–1918 war and another 12 who died in the 1939–1945 war.
# New Taipei City Exhibition Hall

The New Taipei City Exhibition Hall (traditional Chinese: 新北市工商展覽中心; simplified Chinese: 新北市工商展览中心; pinyin: Xīnběi Shì Gōngshāng Zhǎnlǎn Zhōngxīn) is a convention center in Wugu District, New Taipei, Taiwan.

## Architecture

The exhibition hall is a three-story building with two-story parking space.

## Transportation

The hall is accessible within walking distance north of Xinzhuang Fuduxin Station of Taoyuan Metro.
# Richard Lancake

Richard Lancake, fl. 1760, was an English botanical illustrator best known for his contributions to Philip Miller's The Gardeners Dictionary.
In 1768 Lancake started a papermaking factory in Paris which soon went bankrupt.
# Milton McDougal

Milton Thomas McDougal (July 21, 1917 – April 2, 1984) was an American politician and farmer.
Born in Spruce, Wisconsin, McDougal was a farmer and livestock dealer. He was also involved in the electric cooperative. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1965 until 1972. He was elected as a Democrat. However, during the Wisconsin Legislature session of 1967, McDougal switched to the Republican Party. McDougal lived in Oconto Falls, Wisconsin.
# Secure environment

In computing, a secure environment is any system which implements the controlled storage and use of information. In the event of computing data loss, a secure environment is used to protect personal or confidential data.
Often, secure environments employ cryptography as a means to protect information.
Some secure environments employ cryptographic hashing, simply to verify that the information has not been altered since it was last modified.
# Caproni Vizzola Calif

The Caproni Vizzola Calif was a family of Italian sailplanes, the first example flew in 1969, with production continuing into the 1970s and 1980s. Of typical sailplane configuration with T-tails, they featured distinctive wings with centre sections of constant chord and trapezoidal outer panels. The forward fuselage was constructed of fibreglass over an alloy frame, while the rear fuselage, wings, and empennage were metal-covered.
The most significant member of the family, and the only one produced in quantity (around 150 by the early 1980s) was the A-21S, a two-seat version that accommodated the pilot and passenger side by side. At one time this aircraft concurrently held four world records for two-seat sailplanes, including:
* the women's closed-circuit speed record set by Adele Orsi and Franca Bellengeri in August 1974
* straight distance of 970.4 km by Ingo Renner and Hilmer Geissler in Australia in 1975

## Variants

* A-10 (one built)
* A-12 (two built)
* A-14 (one built)
* A-15 (one built)
* A-20
** A-20S - two-seat version of A-20
* A-21 - two-seat development of A-14
** A-21S - refined production version of A-21
** A-21SJ - jet-powered version of A-21 using either a 0.16 or 0.20 kN (36 or 45 lbf) thrust engine, having a 10,000 m (33,000 ft) ceiling. A trailing edge flap-airbrake is unique to this model. Marketed in America by AVIA America Corporation.

## Specifications (A-21S)

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: one, pilot
* Capacity: one passenger
* Length: 7.84 m (21 ft 9 in)
* Wingspan: 20.38 m (66 ft 10 in)
* Height: 1.61 m (5 ft 3 in)
* Wing area: 16.2 m$^2$ (174 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 25.6
* Empty weight: 436 kg (961 lb)
* Gross weight: 644 kg (1,420 lb)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 255 km/h (158 mph, 137 kn)
* Maximum glide ratio: 43:1
* Rate of sink: 0.60 m/s (118 ft/min)
# Bembecinus tridens

Bembecinus tridens is a species of sand wasps belonging to the family Bembicidae.

## Subspecies

* Bembecinus tridens caesius (Compte Sart, 1959)
* Bembecinus tridens tridens (Fabricius, 1781)

## Description

Bembecinus tridens can reach a length of 7–11 millimetres (0.28–0.43 in). The body is black and yellow.

## Biology

These wasps fly in one generation from early June to late August. The females dig a unicellular nest, though a single female digs 1-8 nests in succession. After an egg is laid in the cell the prey item (various families of Homoptera) is introduced. The species is parasitized by Hedychrum chalybaeum.

## Distribution and habitat

This species can be found from Western Europe and North Africa to Japan and China. They are common inhabitants of sandy areas.
# Virgil J. Cox

Virgil Jefferson Cox (November 5, 1904 – August 2, 1991) was an American politician and physician from Virginia. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1962 to 1965.

## Early life

Virgil Jefferson Cox was born on November 5, 1904, in Grayson County, Virginia, to Lucy (née McKnight) and Jefferson Davis Cox. He grew up on a farm in Grayson County. He worked multiple jobs during college and graduated from Emory and Henry College with a Bachelor of Arts in 1929. Cox taught at Baywood High School for two years and worked in sales during the summer. He then graduated from the Medical College of Virginia with a Doctor of Medicine in 1934. He did his intern work at Wilmington General Hospital. He also studied at Poly-Clinic Hospital in New York and the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary.

## Career

In 1936, Cox opened his medical office in Galax. In 1952, he co-founded the non-profit Blue Ridge Hospital and Clinic. The hospital expanded and became Galax General Hospital. It was later replaced by Twin County Community Hospital. He served as the hospital's president and was a member of its board of directors.
Cox was a Democrat. He represented Galax and Grayson County in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1962 to 1965. He helped support legislation that established Grayson Highlands State Park.

## Personal life

Cox married Gladys Guynn. He owned the Dr. Virgil Cox House on West Stuart Drive in Galax. He supported the Galax United Methodist Church.
Cox died on August 2, 1991, at Twin County Community Hospital. He was buried in Felts Cemetery.

## Legacy

In 1983, Cox donated US$25,000 to Emory and Henry College to establish a scholarship for pre-medical students.
# Motherwell Civic Centre

Motherwell Civic Centre is a municipal building in Windmillhill Street in Motherwell, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. The building, which is the headquarters of North Lanarkshire Council, is a Category B listed building.

## History

The facility was commissioned to replace the ageing Motherwell Town Hall in Hamilton Road. After a period of rapid population expansion associated with the growth of the Ravenscraig steelworks, civic leaders decided to procure a purpose-built civic centre: the site selected at the corner of Airbles Road and Windmillhill Street had previously been occupied by residential properties with a public house on the corner itself.
The foundation stone for the new building was laid by the provost, Edward McCardle, in September 1965. It was designed by Wylie, Shanks and Partners in the Brutalist style, built by Whatlings (Buildings) Limited at a cost of £2.25 million and was officially opened by the Lord Lieutenant of Lanarkshire, Lord Clydesmuir, in December 1970. The main frontage of the civic centre, facing on Windmillhill Street (today part of the A721 road), featured continuous stone facing panels above and below a continuous row of windows on six floors with a separate council chamber jutting out to the east of the main structure: the design also included a multi-purpose concert hall and theatre which was built to the west of the civic centre and was part financed by the Scottish Arts Council. The complex received a Scottish Civic Trust Award in 1973.
Following the official opening, the concert hall and theatre hosted an initial "carol pageant" and then followed this up with a regular programme of pantomimes and concerts. As well as this, top-level snooker (the Scottish Masters event) was also held within the complex during the 1990s.
The civic centre was the headquarters of the Burgh of Motherwell and Wishaw Council until it was replaced by Motherwell District Council under the wider Strathclyde Regional Council in May 1975. It remained the Motherwell District Council headquarters until the abolition of the Strathclyde Region led to the formation of North Lanarkshire Council, based at the civic centre, in April 1996. A comprehensive programme of refurbishment works to the concert hall and theatre, costing £6 million, was completed in November 2011.
The Civic Centre was designed a Category B listed building by Historic Environment Scotland in December 2020.
In December 2024, it was confirmed that the Civic Theatre and Concert hall building, which had been closed since September 2023 due to the potential risk of collapse associated with reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete in the roof, would cost at least £10 million to repair and it would be demolished instead, with a replacement planned to be built at Ravenscraig.