OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# IEEE John von Neumann Medal

The IEEE John von Neumann Medal was established by the IEEE Board of Directors in 1990 and may be presented annually "for outstanding achievements in computer-related science and technology." The achievements may be theoretical, technological, or entrepreneurial, and need not have been made immediately prior to the date of the award.
The medal is named after John von Neumann.

## Recipients

The following people have received the IEEE John von Neumann Medal:
* 2025: Miklós Ajtai
* 2024: Christopher D. Manning
* 2023: Tom Leighton
* 2022: Deborah Estrin
* 2021: Jeffrey Dean
* 2020: Michael I. Jordan
* 2019: Éva Tardos
* 2018: Patrick Cousot
* 2017: Vladimir Vapnik
* 2016: Christos Papadimitriou
* 2015: James A. Gosling
* 2014: Cleve Moler
* 2013: Jack Dennis
* 2012: Edward J. McCluskey
* 2011: C. A. R. Hoare
* 2010: John Hopcroft and Jeffrey Ullman
* 2009: Susan L. Graham
* 2008: Leslie Lamport
* 2007: Charles P. Thacker
* 2006: Edwin Catmull
* 2005: Michael Stonebraker
* 2004: Barbara H. Liskov
* 2003: Alfred V. Aho
* 2002: Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard
* 2001: Butler W. Lampson
* 2000: John L. Hennessy and David A. Patterson
* 1999: Douglas C. Engelbart
* 1998: Ivan Edward Sutherland
* 1997: Maurice V. Wilkes
* 1996: Carver A. Mead
* 1995: Donald E. Knuth
* 1994: John Cocke
* 1993: Frederick P. Brooks
* 1992: C. Gordon Bell
# Put3ska

Put3ska was a Filipino ska band formed in 1993. The band's name is word play, combining the Filipino phrase, putres ka ("damn you") and "ska". The band referred to itself as a "60s-oriented, 90s ska band, influenced by Jamaican and British ska".

## History

Put3ska was officially launched in 1994. The band released their first album, Put3ska, in 1994. The album carried the hit single Manila Girl, which earned the group a gold record award. That same year, the band was voted Best New Artist, Best Live Act and Myra Rauro voted Best Vocalist during the 1995 NU Rock Awards; the music video for Manila Girl was also nominated at the 1996 MTV Video Music Awards as Viewers' Choice For Asia.
The second album, Manila's Finest was released in 1996. It featured original material, some in the Tagalog language, as well as a cover version of the classic ska hit My Boy Lollipop by Millie Small and a Northern Soul Classic Tainted Love by Gloria Jones.
In 1998 Myra Ruaro left the band and formed a new band The Brownbeat All Stars, she was replaced by Marizel Serangelo. The band celebrated their 6th Anniversary at Music Museum on September 1, 2000
On May 24, 2019, the band returned with a reunion concert at the Music Museum in Greenhills.
Former Put3ska band vocalist member Myra Rauro was guested in a segment of "Bawal Judgemental" in a longest running weekday variety program, "Eat Bulaga" aired on GMA Channel 7, also with other fellow band members, "Shamrock" vocalist Marc Tupaz, former Color It Red vocalist and now "Apartel" backing vocalist and now Artstart Band Vocalist Cookie Chua, former "Orange & Lemons" band vocalist and former "Kenyo" band vocalist and now comedian writer and occasional actor McCoy Fundales, former "Freestyle" vocalist Jinky Vidal, and "True Faith" vocalist Medwin Marfil.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* "Put3ska" (PolyEast Records, 1994)
* "Manila's Finest" (PolyEast Records, 1998)

### Singles

* "Manila Girl" (Released in 1995 & Nominated As "International Viewers Choice For Asia", 1996 MTV Video Music Awards in New York)
* "My Boy Lollipop" (Original by Millie Small, Released in 1998)

## Awards

| Year | Award Giving Body | Category | Nominated Work | Results |
| 1995 | NU Rock Awards | Best New Artist | — | Won |
| 1995 | NU Rock Awards | Vocalist of the Year | (for Myra Ruaro) | Won |
| 1995 | NU Rock Awards | Best Live Act | — | Won |
| 1997 | NU Rock Awards | Keyboardist of the Year | (for Bing Austria) | Won |
| 1997 | NU Rock Awards | Best Live Act | — | Won |
# Nederlandse Helikopter Industrie

The Nederlandse Helikopter Industrie (NHI) was a Dutch helicopter manufacturer.

## Early history

The company was founded in 1955 as a commercial successor of the Stichting voor de Ontwikkeling en Bouw van een Experimenteel Hefschroefvliegtuig (SOBEH - the Foundation for Development and Manufacturing of an Experimental Helicopter). From 1951 on, SOBEH developed and built two helicopters, the H-1 (1954) and H-2 (1955). After having met its goal of developing a helicopter, SOBEH ceased activities. Further development and serial production were granted to the newly formed NHI. This was a joint venture between aircraft manufacturer Aviolanda and truck company Kromhout. NHI quickly came forward with an improved design, called the H-3 Kolibrie (Hummingbird). This helicopter was powered by ramjets at the ends of the blades and made its first flight in May 1956. The Certificate of Airworthiness, based on U.S. requirements for rotorcraft, was issued in March 1958.

## Later operations

During its existence, NHI was confronted with parent companies in trouble. Kromhout ceased building trucks in 1958 due to stiff competition from DAF. It kept building engines and finally the company was taken over by Stork B.V. As a result, Kromhout gave up its partnership in 1959. Aviolanda resumed production of the H-3 on its own.

## Closure of operations

Finally in 1961 production ceased due to a lack of orders. Subsequently, NHI was liquidated by Aviolanda. The failure of NHI was only a contributing factor to the liquidation, as Aviolanda and Fokker were having hard times. Aviolanda depended heavily on licensed production of foreign designs, which made the business uncertain. Fokker was having troubles by that date with the slow selling F.27 Friendship.
# Golden hour (photography)

In photography, the golden hour is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the sun is higher in the sky.
The golden hour is also sometimes called the magic hour, especially by cinematographers and photographers. During these times, the brightness of the sky matches the brightness of streetlights, signs, car headlights and lit windows.
The period of time shortly before the magic hour at sunrise, or after it at sunset, is called the "blue hour". This is when the sun is at a significant depth below the horizon, when residual, indirect sunlight takes on a predominantly blue shade, and there are no sharp shadows because the sun either has not risen, or has already set.

## Details

When the sun is low above the horizon, sunlight rays must penetrate the atmosphere for a greater distance, reducing the intensity of the direct light, so that more of the illumination comes from indirect light from the sky, reducing the lighting ratio. This is technically a type of lighting diffusion. More blue light is scattered, so if the sun is present, its light appears more reddish. In addition, the sun's low angle above the horizon produces longer shadows.
The term hour is used figuratively; the effect has no clearly defined duration and varies according to season and latitude. The character of the lighting is determined by the sun's altitude, and the time for the sun to move from the horizon to a specified altitude depends on a location's latitude and the time of year. In Los Angeles, California, at an hour after sunrise or an hour before sunset, the sun has an altitude of about 10–12°. For a location closer to the Equator, the same altitude is reached in less than an hour, and for a location farther from the equator, the altitude is reached in more than one hour. For a location sufficiently far from the equator, the sun may not reach an altitude of 10°, and the golden hour lasts for the entire day in certain seasons.
In the middle of the day, the bright overhead sun can create strong highlights and dark shadows. The degree to which overexposure can occur varies because different types of film and digital cameras have different dynamic ranges. This harsh lighting problem is particularly important in portrait photography, where a fill flash is often necessary to balance lighting across the subject's face or body, filling in strong shadows that are usually considered undesirable.
Because the contrast is less during the golden hour, shadows are less dark, and highlights are less likely to be overexposed. In landscape photography, the warm color of the low sun is often considered desirable to enhance the colours of the scene. It is the best time of day for natural photography when diffuse and warm light is desired.
* Bangkok during the golden hour
* Portrait photo taken during the golden hour
* Golden hour at downtown Kaohsiung Taiwan
* Golden hour at Long Beach, Noordhoek, Cape Town in South Africa
* Backlit Konik foal at golden hour
* Randolph, Vermont
# Meroles micropholidotus

Meroles micropholidotus, the small-scaled desert lizard, is a species of sand-dwelling lizard in the family Lacertidae. It occurs in Namibia.
# Cormophyte

Cormophytes (Cormophyta) is a historical term seldom used today for the plants that are differentiated into roots, stems and leaves. These plants differ from thallophytes, whose body is referred to as the thallus, i.e. a simple body not differentiated into leaves and stems. Definitions have varied, notably about whether mosses and liverworts are included.
Stephan Endlicher, a 19th-century Austrian botanist, divided the vegetable kingdom in 1836 into two groups: the thallophytes were only the algae, lichens and fungi, and the cormophytes were the mosses, liverworts, ferns, Equisitaceae, club mosses and seed plants.
# John Askham

John Askham (1825–1894) was an English working class poet who published five volumes of poetry.

## Life

Askham was born at Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, on 20 or 25 July 1825. His father, John Askham, a native of Raunds in Northamptonshire, was a shoemaker, and his mother a native of Kimbolton. John Askham the younger was the youngest of seven children, and attended the Wellingborough Free School for about one year. He was twice married; he and his first wife (born Bonham) had three daughters.
Before Askham reached the age of ten, his family put him to work in the shoemaking trade. After working a while for the sewing machine company of Singers & Co., he set up his own shoemaking business. He became known locally as "the shoemaker poet". He later became the librarian of the newly formed Literary Institute at Wellingborough. In 1871, Askham was elected a member of the first town school board, and in 1874 he became school attendance officer and sanitary inspector of the local board of health.
Educating himself, Askham started writing poetry. He composed his first verses at the age 25, prompted by a Chartist workmate, though he himself was not so political; and later contributed poems to local newspapers. George James De Wilde, editor of the Northampton Mercury, befriended him and gave him work as a correspondent.
Askham was especially fond of the sonnet form. Unlike John Clare (1793-1864), an early influence, he did not live a country life.
In his later years, Askham was disabled by paralysis. He died at Clare Cottage, Wellingborough, on 28 October 1894, and was buried on 1 November in Wellingborough cemetery. He was survived by his second daughter.

## Works

Askham published four volumes by subscription, and through one of his subscribers, George Ward Hunt, he received a grant of £50 from the Queen's Bounty Fund. His works were:
* Sonnets on the Months and other Poems. Northampton: Taylor & Son, 1863.
* Descriptive Poems; Miscellaneous Pieces: Scriptural, Descriptive, Biographical; and Miscellaneous Sonnets. London: F. Warne; Northampton: Taylor & Son, 1866.
* Judith and other Poems; and a Centenary of Sonnets. London: F. Warne; Northampton: Taylor & Son, 1868.
* Poems and Sonnets: Descriptive, Miscellaneous and Special. London: F. Warne, 1875.
* Sketches in Prose and Verse. Northampton: S. S. Campion, 1893.
# Rose Christiane Raponda

Rose Christiane Ossouka Raponda (born 30 June 1963) is a Gabonese politician who served as the vice president of Gabon from January to August 2023, making her the country's first female vice president. She previously served as Prime Minister of Gabon from July 2020 to January 2023, she was also the country's first female prime minister. She also served as the mayor of Libreville and later as the country's defense minister from February 2019 to July 2020.

## Background

Raponda was born on 30 June 1963 in Franceville. Raponda is a member of the Mpongwe people. Raponda received a degree in economics and public finance from the Gabonese Institute of Economy and Finance.

## Career

Raponda worked as Director General of the Economy and Deputy Director General the Housing Bank of Gabon. She served as minister of budget and public finance from February 2012 until January 2014. Raponda was elected mayor of the capital city Libreville on 26 January 2014, representing the ruling Gabonese Democratic Party. She was the first woman to hold the position since 1956 and she served until 2019. She also became president of United Cities and Local Governments Africa.
On 12 February 2019, Raponda was appointed as the Defense Minister of Gabon by president Ali Bongo Ondimba after the failed coup in January 2019. Raponda replaced Etienne Massard Kabinda Makaga, a member of the Bongo family, who had held the position since 2016. On 16 July 2020, Raponda was appointed as the Prime Minister of Gabon, after her predecessor Julien Nkoghe Bekale stepped down. She is the first woman to hold the position. Her appointment was the fourth cabinet shuffle by Ondimba since the failed coup and occurred amid the dual health and economic crises due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the fall in the price of oil, one of the country's main resources.
On 30 August 2023 another coup succeeded, and Raponda was removed from power.
# Lascia o raddoppia?

Lascia o raddoppia? (Italian pronunciation:; "Leave it or double it?") is a game show that aired on Italian television from 1955 to 1959, considered the Italian version of The $64,000 Question. It was hosted by Mike Bongiorno with Edy Campagnoli as valletta (assistant).
Contestants were asked a series of questions on a particular subject that, if answered correctly, would advance them to a prize of Lit. 2,560,000 (about US$4,000 in 1959). The contestant could then stop and walk away with that amount or take a chance on another question with the possibility of doubling their winnings to Lit. 5,120,000 (just over US$8,000 in 1959).

## Controversies

Since the programme aired on state-run RAI, the prize money came from the State treasury, making programme officials particularly sensitive to viewer reaction.
Contestants became overnight celebrities and received a high amount of coverage in the Italian press. Most received an average of 2,000 letters each week they were on the show.
Maria Luisa Garoppo, a 23-year-old contestant from North Italy who was quite knowledgeable about Greek drama, scandalized many newspaper editors by wearing a tight red dress that accentuated her 45-inch bust and 19-inch waistline. Garoppo responded to her fashion critics by saying "It's not my fault if God constructed me unlike a telephone pole". The programme coordinator subsequently paid her the prize money but removed her as a contestant, telling viewers she was "under doctor's care for emotional shock".
Paola Bolognani, an 18-year-old philosophy student, was known as "the Marilyn Monroe of Italian soccer" for her knowledge of the game. While she was a contestant, her photo appeared on 22 magazine covers and she received more than 20,000 letters, including 3,500 that were marriage proposals. Bolognani eventually won the top prize by tackling a tough three-part question on soccer, but while she was a contestant a newspaper published an article revealing that she had been an illegitimate child.

## Famous fans of the program

Pope Pius XII was known to be a great fan of Lascia o raddoppia?.
Exiled Egyptian King Farouk gave $4,000 to Marisa Zocchi, a 19-year-old contestant who said she would use her winnings to hire a full-time nurse for her sick mother. Zocchi, who had held the title of Miss Tuscany in 1954, had stopped at the $4,000 prize level, sobbing as she explained to viewers she wouldn't risk trying for the full prize for her mother's sake.
# Sébastien Da Silva

Sébastien Da Silva (born 8 April 1991) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for Championnat National 2 club Furiani-Agliani.

## Career

Da Silva began playing football with FC Souvigny and moved to the academy of Moulins at the age of 10, and began his senior career with the club in 2009. He had a stint with Mulhouse for the 2014–15 season, before moving to Rodez for three years. He followed that up with a spell at Fréjus Saint-Raphaël. He spent the 2020–21 season with Bastia, and helped them win the 2020–21 Championnat National and achieve promotion. He was controversially left out of the Bastia side after their promotion, and he transferred to Laval on in the summer of 2021. He then helped Laval win the 2021–22 Championnat National, and again achieved promotion to the Ligue 2. He made his professional debut against his old club Bastia in a 2–0 Ligue 2 win on 30 July 2022, coming on as a substitute in extra time.

## Personal life

Da Silva was born in France and is of Portuguese and Vietnamese descent. His best friend is the French footballer Jason Berthomier.

## Honours

Bastia
* Championnat National: 2020–21
Laval
* Championnat National: 2021–22
# Beaton medical kindred

The Beaton medical kindred, also known as Clann Meic-bethad and Clan MacBeth, was a Scottish kindred of professional physicians that practised medicine in the classical Gaelic tradition from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern Era.
The kindred appears to have emigrated from Ireland in the fourteenth century, where members seem to have originally learned their craft. According to tradition, the kindred first arrived in Scotland in the retinue of the Áine Ní Chatháin, daughter of Cú Maighe na nGall Ó Catháin; Áine married Aonghus Óg Mac Domhnaill in about 1300. In time the kindred came to be prominent in the Scottish Highlands and Islands, although the earliest known member appears on record in the Lowlands, in Dumfries, during the early fourteenth century. The kindred first came to be associated with Islay in the early fifteenth century, and afterwards proceeded to spread to other islands. Eventually, the kindred became the largest and longest serving of the three major mediaeval medical dynasties in Gaelic Scotland.
The kindred is commonly confused with the unrelated Bethune or Beaton family, historically centred in Fife. In fact, the medical kindred adopted the surname Beaton in the fifteenth century. By the seventeenth century, most of the seventeen or so families within the kindred had adopted the surname Beaton, although two used the surname Bethune. Partly as a result, members of the medical kindred mistakenly came to think of themselves as descended from the Bethunes of Balfour, the principal branch of the aforesaid Bethune or Beaton family (who were ultimately of Continental origin).
Like other learned Gaelic families, members of the kindred copied and compiled manuscripts. According to Martin Martin, just before the turn of the eighteenth century, a member of the kindred possessed a library of manuscripts of works of Avicenna, Averroes, Joannes de Vigo, Bernardus Gordonus, and Hippocrates. The most substantial surviving example of such a work compiled by the kindred is an early sixteenth-century Gaelic translation of Gordonus' Lilium medicinae, the largest Gaelic manuscript in Scotland.
There have been as many as seventy-six physicians of the kindred identified between the years 1300 and 1750. Members were employed by every Scottish monarch between Robert I, King of Scotland (died 1329) and Charles I, King of Scotland (died 1649), and patronised by numerous Scottish clans such as the Frasers of Lovat, MacDonald Lords of the Isles, the MacLeans of Duart, the MacLeods of Dunvegan, and the Munros of Foulis. By the eighteenth century, the family ceased to produce hereditary physicians. The last died in 1714, described as "the only scholar of his race".
# Cinepazide

Cinepazide or cinepazide maleate (Kelinao or Anjieli in China) is a vasodilator used in China for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and peripheral vascular diseases. It appears to work by potentiating A2 adenosine receptors.

## History

Cinepazide was discovered by scientists at Laboratoires Delalande (now part of Sanofi) in 1969 in an effort to explore useful substituted cinnamoyl-piperazine compounds. The drug, in the form of a pill taken orally, was launched by Delalande in 1976 under the tradename Vasodistal, for treatment of heart failure, balance disorders, cerebrovascular disease, and vascular complications of diabetes. In 1988 the drug was withdrawn from the market in Spain due to risk of agranulocytosis; other countries where the drug was available added warnings to the label. It was withdrawn from the market in France in 1992. The drug had also been marketed in Japan by Daiichi Pharmeceutical Company under the brand name "Brindel" for dementia, but was withdrawn in 1999, following a review by the Japanese regulatory authorities of dementia drugs after a drug, calcium hopantenate, that had been considered the standard of care and against which cinepazide and other dementia drugs had been compared, had failed to demonstrate efficacy in a re-evaluation.
In 2002 Sihuan Pharmaceutical brought an injectable form of the drug to market in China; Sihuan had acquired the drug from a military hospital in China that had developed the formulation. In 2010 it was the highest selling drug in China, with about 1 billion RMB in sales in the 3rd quarter, outselling Plavix in China. This made Sihuan Pharm the largest company in China in the cardio-cerebral vascular drug market in 2010. In 2014 it was the tenth highest-selling drug in China.
# Manitoba Provincial Road 367

Provincial Road 367 (PR 367) is a 84.2-kilometre (52.3 mi) east-west highway in the Parkland Region of the Canadian province of Manitoba.

## Route description

Provincial Road 367 is an east-west route that runs from PTH 10 near Garland to PTH 83 near San Clara.
It is the main east-west route through Duck Mountain Provincial Park. It is mainly a gravel road as it passes through the park, and is paved on either side of the park gates, with paved sections from PTH 83 to PR 594 south on the west side, and from the park's east gate to PTH 10 on the east side.
PR 367 is approximately 84 kilometres (52 mi) long.

## Major intersections

| Division | Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Roblin | ​ | 0.0 | 0.0 | PTH 83 – Roblin, Benito | Western terminus; road continues west as Grand Narrows Road |
| Roblin | ​ | 14.9 | 9.3 | PR 594 south – Roblin | Northern terminus of PR 594 |
| No. 20 | Duck Mountain Provincial Park | 21.2 | 13.2 | Bridge over the Shell River | Bridge over the Shell River |
| No. 20 | Duck Mountain Provincial Park | 47.6 | 29.6 | PR 366 north – Blue Lakes, Wellman Lake | Western end of PR 366 concurrency |
| No. 20 | Duck Mountain Provincial Park | 51.5 | 32.0 | PR 366 south – Grandview | Eastern end of PR 366 concurrency |
| Ethelbert | ​ | 84.1 | 52.3 | Bridge over the Garland River | Bridge over the Garland River |
| Ethelbert | ​ | 84.2 | 52.3 | PTH 10 (NWWR West Branch) – Swan River, Dauphin Garland Avenue (Road 183N) – Garland | Eastern terminus; road continues east as Garland Avenue |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus ||||||