OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hooper's paradox

Hooper's paradox is a falsidical paradox based on an optical illusion. A geometric shape with an area of 32 units is dissected into four parts, which afterwards get assembled into a rectangle with an area of only 30 units.

## Explanation

Upon close inspection one can notice that the triangles of the dissected shape are not identical to the triangles in the rectangle. The length of the shorter side at the right angle measures 2 units in the original shape but only 1.8 units in the rectangle. This means, the real triangles of the original shape overlap in the rectangle. The overlapping area is a parallelogram, the diagonals and sides of which can be computed via the Pythagorean theorem.
    $d_{1}={\sqrt {2^{2}+1^{2}}}={\sqrt {5}}$
    $d_{2}={\sqrt {3^{2}+10^{2}}}={\sqrt {109}}$
    $s_{1}={\sqrt {2^{2}+6^{2}}}={\sqrt {40}}$
    $s_{2}={\sqrt {1^{2}+4^{2}}}={\sqrt {17}}$
The area of this parallelogram can determined using Heron's formula for triangles. This yields
    $s={\frac {d_{1}+s_{1}+s_{2}}{2}}={\frac {{\sqrt {5}}+{\sqrt {17}}+{\sqrt {40}}}{2}}$
for the halved circumference of the triangle (half of the parallelogram) and with that for the area of the parallelogram
    ${\begin{aligned}F&=2\cdot {\sqrt {s\cdot (s-s_{1})\cdot (s-s_{2})\cdot (s-d_{1})}}\\[5pt]&=2\cdot {\frac {1}{4}}\cdot {\sqrt {({\sqrt {5}}+{\sqrt {17}}+{\sqrt {40}})\cdot (-{\sqrt {5}}+{\sqrt {17}}+{\sqrt {40}})\cdot ({\sqrt {5}}-{\sqrt {17}}+{\sqrt {40}})\cdot ({\sqrt {5}}+{\sqrt {17}}-{\sqrt {40}})}}\\[5pt]&=2\cdot {\frac {1}{4}}\cdot {\sqrt {16}}\\[5pt]&=2\end{aligned}}$.
So the overlapping area of the two triangles accounts exactly for the vanished area of 2 units.

## History

William Hooper published the paradox in 1774 in his book Rational Recreations, calling it "The geometric money". The 1774 edition of his book still contained a false drawing, which got corrected in the 1782 edition. However Hooper was not the first to publish this geometric fallacy, since Hooper's book was largely an adaption of Edmé-Gilles Guyot's Nouvelles récréations physiques et mathétiques, which had been published in France in 1769. The description in this book contains the same false drawing as in Hooper's book, but it got corrected in a later edition as well.
# Juozas Petkevičius

Juozas Petkevičius (born 8 April 1948, Inturkė) is a Lithuanian basketball coach, masseur, and former rugby player. He is often regarded as mascot of Lithuanian national basketball team.
In 2014, Petkevičius was one of the contestants in Lithuanian version of reality show Celebrity Splash! called Šuolis!.

## Career

* 1992–present Lithuania national basketball team: masseur
* 1994–1999 Atletas Kaunas: coach, masseur (LKL)
* 1999–2000 Alita Alytus: masseur (LKL)
* 2000–2008 Lietuvos rytas Vilnius: masseur (LKL)
* Perlas Vilnius
* 2017–present Lietuvos rytas Vilnius: physiotherapist, masseur (LKL)

## Personal life

Wife Vilija, son Vaidas and daughter Miglė.
# Robert T. Gannett

Robert Tileston Gannett (September 26, 1917 – August 26, 2012) was an American politician and lawyer.
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Gannett graduated from Milton Academy in 1935. He then graduated from Harvard University in 1939 and received his law degree from Harvard Law School in 1942. He enlisted in the United States Army during World War II. He served in the field artillery from 1942 to 1946, including combat service in Europe in 1944 and 1945, and attained the rank of major. After the war, he practiced law in Brattleboro, Vermont. Gannett served as a Republican in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1953 to 1961 and served in the Vermont State Senate from 1972 to 1993.
Gannett was married to Sarah Alden "Aldie" Derby (December 11, 1920 – May 17, 1999), a granddaughter of President Theodore Roosevelt. The couple had three children. In 1986, the Vermont Chamber of Commerce selected him as its Man of the Year. Both Gannett and his wife, Aldie, received honorary degrees from the University of Vermont. He was affiliated with Brattleboro Memorial Hospital, the Prouty Center, the Southern Vermont Arts Council, the Vermont Community Foundation, Youth Services, the Green Mountain Club, the Brattleboro Retreat, the Snelling Center, Harris Hill and the Brattleboro Rotary Club (of which he was a founding member).
Gannett died in Brattleboro, Vermont, aged 94.
# Bait al-Sa'adi

Bait al-Sa'adi (Arabic: بيت الصائدي) is a sub-district located in al-Sha'ar District, Ibb Governorate, Yemen. Bait al-Sa'adi had a population of 4600 according to the 2004 census.
# Albert Benjamin West

Albert Benjamin West (January 21, 1883 – March 26, 1929) was an American politician and lawyer from Rhode Island. He served as a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives from 1911 to 1912.

## Early life

Albert Benjamin West was born on January 21, 1883, in Providence, Rhode Island, to Margaret (née Hyde) and George J. West. His father was a criminal lawyer. He studied at Classical High School. West then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts from Brown University in 1904. He graduated from Harvard Law School with a Bachelor of Laws in 1907. He was a member of Phi Beta Kappa and Phi Kappa.

## Career

West started practicing law in Providence in 1907. West was admitted to the United States Circuit Court in 1911. West was a Catholic.
West was a Democrat. He served as a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives from 1911 to 1912. He also served in the Rhode Island Senate for two terms. During his tenure, he fought for property qualification in the Rhode Island Constitution and helped make changes to the Workmen's Compensation Act.

## Personal life

West read philosophy, history and French literature. He studied piano under Gaspard Saillant and played the organ.
West died on March 26, 1929, in Providence.
# Albert C. Miller

Albert C. "AC" Miller (born September 30, 1898 – October 22, 1979) was an American attorney and the 21st Attorney General of South Dakota between 1961 and 1963 and the Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota from 1941 and 1945.

## Career

AC Miller resided in Kennebec in Lyman County. After earning a law degree from the University of South Dakota School of Law and gaining admission to the bar, he established his legal practice there. Concurrently, he embarked on a political career as a member of the Republican Party. Between 1933 and 1940, he sat as a deputy in the House of Representatives of South Dakota, and its chamber's speaker in 1937.

### Lieutenant governor

In 1940, Miller was elected as Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota alongside Harlan J. Bushfield. He held this office from 1941 and 1945, after being reelected. During his tenure, he served as Deputy Governor and Chairman of the State Senate. In 1943, he began serving under the new governor, Merrell Q. Sharpe . In 1944, he ran unsuccessfully in his party's primaries for a seat in the US Senate.

### 1960 Attorney General Election

From 1961 to 1963, he held the office of Attorney General of his state. On August 1, 1960, Miller was nominated at the Republican Convention in Pierre, after 1958 Republican Attorney General nominee George Wuest of Mitchell decided not to run.
Miller defeated incumbent Democrat Attorney General Parnell Donahue with 160,299 votes while Donahue received 138,320 votes.
He died on October 22, 1979.
# Eldon L. Smith

Eldon L. Smith (February 11, 1928 – June 9, 1972) was an American politician. He served as a Republican member of the South Dakota Senate.

## Life and career

Smith attended South Dakota State University and Black Hills State College.
Smith served in the South Dakota Senate from 1971 to 1972.
Smith died in June 1972 during the Rapid City Flood.
# Odell K. Whitney

Odell K. Whitney (December 31, 1884 – June 11, 1967) was an American politician from the U.S. state of South Dakota. He served as lieutenant governor of South Dakota from 1931 through 1933.
Whitney attended the University of South Dakota College of Law and was admitted to the bar in 1911. He served in the South Dakota Senate from 1925 through 1930, and as Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota from 1931 through 1933. Whitney was appointed as a circuit court judge in 1946, and retired in 1961.
# Robert S. Farrell Jr.

Robert Sylvester Farrell Jr. (October 25, 1906 – October 28, 1947) was an American Republican politician in the state of Oregon.

## Political career

He lived in Portland, Multnomah County, Oregon, and served as a Delegate to the Republican National Convention from Oregon in both 1940 and 1944. Farrell was elected as the Speaker of the Oregon House of Representatives in 1941. He served as Oregon Secretary of State from 1943 until his death in 1947.

## Death

He died in office while flying to southern Oregon on a hunting trip, with Oregon Governor Earl Snell, State Senate President Marshall E. Cornett and pilot Cliff Hogue. All four were killed when the small plane crashed in stormy weather near Dog Lake, Lake County, Oregon, on October 28, 1947. His interment was at River View Cemetery in Portland, Oregon.
# Albert E. Anderson

Albert Edward Anderson (September 22, 1885 – 1966) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine. Anderson, a Republican, represented Portland in the Maine House of Representatives from 1917 – 1918. He was an alternate to the 1948 Republican National Convention.
He served in the U.S. Army during World War I and was a graduate (class of 1909) from the University of Maine, which awards a scholarship in his name each year "to worthy students of Scandinavian descent."
# Ethel Baker

Ethel B. Baker (May 21, 1906 - February 25, 1990) was an American politician from Maine. Baker, a Republican from Orrington, Maine, served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1959 to 1974.
# Dwight A. Brown

Dwight A. Brown (1918 – December 17, 1990) was an American businessperson and politician from Maine. Brown, a Republican from Ellsworth, Maine, served in the Legislature from 1957 to 1966, including two terms in the Maine House of Representatives and three in the Maine Senate. During Brown's final term in the Senate, he was Senate Minority Leader. He resigned from the Senate in February 1966 in order to manage his private business.
He owned and operated the Dwight A. Brown Agency.
# Benjamin Bubar Jr.

Benjamin Calvin Bubar Jr. (June 17, 1917 – May 15, 1995), also known as Ben Bubar, was an ordained minister who was the youngest person ever to win election to the Maine House of Representatives at age twenty-one and served as the Prohibition Party's presidential candidate in 1976 and 1980 and was the last elected official to do so until James Hedges in 2016.

## Life

Benjamin Calvin Bubar Jr. was born on June 17, 1917, in Blaine, Maine to Benjamin Bubar Sr. and Mary Louise Heal. His father was the first ordained United Baptist minister in Maine and was active in politics. His father served as a member of the Maine House of Representatives, ran as an independent candidate in the 1936 gubernatorial election receiving 5,862 votes, and was a speaker at Ku Klux Klan rallies. On February 14, 1946, he married Virginia Ireland, with whom he had two children. He moved to China, Maine in 1952, and began working for the Maine Christian Civic League where he would serve as superintendent from 1954 to 1984.
Bubar ran for a seat in the state house in the 1938 election, despite not being able to vote as his twenty-first birthday was three days after the primary election, as a member of the Republican Party. He and his three friends were critical of the incumbent, who was sixty years old, and drew straws to decide who should run against him with Bubar winning. He won in the election becoming the youngest person to serve in the state legislature and served from 1939 to 1945. He was serving as the chair of the board of selectmen in his area by 1945. He created a weekly newspaper in Mars Hill, Maine, and later sold it.
Bubar's father and grandfather had been members of the Prohibition Party and Bubar Sr. cast his first vote for a Prohibitionist candidate. Bubar joined the party in the 1950s. During the 1976 and 1980 presidential elections he was the National Statesman Party's presidential nominee with chairman Earl Dodge as his vice presidential running mate and is the most recent nominee to receive over 10,000 votes. He was on the ballot in fourteen states in the 1976 election and campaigned in all of them, but was only on the ballot in eight states in the 1980 election and did not actively campaign due to a lack of funds. He criticized Dodge's leadership of the party and blamed him for its decreased support in presidential elections due to his mismanagement of funds and possible theft which would eventually result in him being ousted as chairman in 2003.
Bubar died on May 15, 1995, in Waterville, Maine from a heart attack after suffering from Parkinson's disease.
# Jason Boe

Jason Douglas Boe (March 10, 1929 – March 20, 1990) was an American optometrist from Oregon. A native of California, he served as the 47th president of the Oregon State Senate. Prior to serving in the Senate he was a member of the Oregon House of Representatives.

## Early life

Jason Boe was born in 1929 in Los Angeles, California. When he turned 24 in 1953, he made his way north to Oregon to attend school at Pacific University, where he earned a doctorate in optometry. It was during his time at Pacific that he met his future wife, Kathryn. They both shared a common interest in classical music and quickly fell in love and married. After Boe earned his doctorate, he and Kathryn moved to Reedsport, Oregon, where he began his optometry practice.
In 1958, Boe successfully sought a seat on the Reedsport City Council.

## Legislative career

Boe sought a seat in the Oregon State Legislature, and in 1964 he was elected to the Oregon House of Representatives. He served for three consecutive terms, from 1964 to 1970. He was elected to the Oregon State Senate in 1970 and served there until 1980.
In 1973 (the 57th Oregon Legislative Assembly), he broke up a coalition of conservative Democrats and Republicans to be elected Senate President. In the 1975 session, he was challenged by fellow Democrat Betty Roberts for the position, but prevailed, in part due to the decision of independent Charles Hanlon to join the Democratic Party and support Boe. Boe remained Senate President for four consecutive terms.
President Jimmy Carter appointed Boe to the Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations on October 11, 1979.

## Later years

Jason Boe retired from elective office after his 1980 failed bid for Oregon State Treasurer. He later owned Jason Boe & Associates, Inc., an international consulting firm that had offices in both Taiwan and Korea.

## Legacy

The Senate wing of the Oregon State Capitol is named in Boe's honor.
In 1997, a stretch of Oregon Route 38 that lies between the communities of Drain and Reedsport was designated the "Jason Boe Corridor".

## Electoral history

1968 Democratic Primary :
| Candidate Name | Votes | Votes |
| Jason Boe | 10,005 |
1968 General Election :
| Candidate Name | Votes | Votes |
| Jason Boe (D) | 16,236 |
| Paul L. Hurlocker (R) | 8,980 |
# George Hill (Maine politician)

George E. Hill (December 9, 1903 - November 1980) was an American politician from Maine. Hill, a Republican from South Portland, served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1933 to 1940. From 1937 to 1938, Hill was Speaker of the Maine House of Representatives.
# Vinal G. Good

Vinal G. Good (January 6, 1906 – December 23, 2000) was an American politician and lawyer from Maine. A Republican from Sebago, Maine, Good served 6 years in the Maine Legislature. He was initially elected in 1958 to the Maine House of Representatives. Re-elected in 1960, Vinal was elected Speaker of the Maine House of Representatives in January 1961 after spending the previous summer traveling the state meeting fellow house members.
Good was born in Houlton, Maine on January 6, 1906. He graduated from Colby College and Northeastern University School of Law before joining the U.S. Army's 10th Mountain Division during World War II. His unit was based in Colorado during the war. After leaving the Army, he served in the Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army at Fort George G. Meade in Maryland.
Leaving the military, he and his wife moved back to Maine and established the Sebago Agency in the town of Sebago, Maine.
# William G. Hare

William G. Hare (April 19, 1882 – November 25, 1971) was an American lawyer and politician in the state of Oregon. A native Oregonian, he grew up in the Hillsboro area where he later practiced law. A Republican, he served in both houses of the Oregon Legislature, as had his father William D. Hare. His brother Joseph was once the mayor of Hillsboro.

## Early life

William Gilman Hare was born in Farmington, Oregon, south of Hillsboro on April 19, 1882. He was the son of attorney and politician William Davenport and Henrietta (née Scholfield) Hare, and brother to Joseph, Frances Ellen, Martha G., Henrietta, and Ruth. William was educated in the public schools of Hillsboro before attending preparatory school at Tualatin Academy in neighboring Forest Grove in 1900. In 1903, he graduated from Pacific University, the college division of the academy, with a bachelor's degree.
Hare then graduated from the University of Michigan Law School in Ann Arbor in 1906 with a bachelor of laws degree. Hare returned to Oregon, passed the bar, and was admitted to practice on August 21, 1907, by the state supreme court in Salem. He settled in Hillsboro where he formed a legal partnership with later judge George R. Bagley.

## Political career

His father, William Davenport Hare, served in both houses of the Oregon Legislative Assembly and as mayor of Hillsboro. His brother Joseph also served as mayor. William was elected as a Republican to the Oregon House of Representatives in 1914 to serve Hillsboro and Washington County in District 15. After one session off, he won election to his old seat in 1918 and served in the 1919 session. In 1920, he was elected to a four-year term in the Oregon State Senate representing District 11. Hare won re-election in 1924 to a second four-year term and remained in office through the 1927 session. A son later served in the Senate as well, representing the same district.

## Later years and family

Hare was a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Masons, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Odd Fellows, and the Rotary Club. He married Jane M. Greer of Hillsboro on November 25, 1906, and they had two children; one son (John) and one daughter. After nearly 60 years in legal practice, he retired in 1965. William Gilman Hare died on November 25, 1971, at the age of 89 at Tuality Community Hospital in Hillsboro. The Hillsboro School District's athletic complex, Hare Field, was named for him.
# Arthur L. Buck

Arthur L. Buck (October 31, 1906 – April 27, 1980) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Wyoming House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Buck was born in Wichita, Kansas. He attended Carleton College, the University of Wyoming and Northwestern University.
Buck served in the Wyoming House of Representatives from 1957 to 1971 and again from 1974 to 1978.
Buck died on April 27, 1980, at the age of 73.
# Pishurka

Pishurka (Bulgarian: Пишурка) is a village in Northwestern Bulgaria with a total population of 121(2009 census).It is located in Medkovets Municipality, Montana Province.
# Henry Lewis Darwin

Henry Lewis Darwin (December 21, 1886 — February 6, 1945) was a Texas Democratic politician that served in the Texas Senate.

## Personal life

On December 21, 1886, Henry Lewis Darwin was born in Delta County, Texas. He was a staunch supporter of the University of Texas. He died on February 6, 1945, and is buried in Cooper, Texas.

## Political career

During the 33rd Texas legislature (1913−1917), Darwin represented Texas Senate district 2, which was composed of Fannin County and Lamar County. He would later go on to serve Texas Senate district 3 during the 37th legislature (1921−1935), representing Delta County, Franklin County, Hopkins County, Red River County, and Titus County. He was a member of the Democratic Party.
# Athletics at the 2007 Summer Universiade – Men's 10,000 metres

The men's 10,000 metres event at the 2007 Summer Universiade was held on 14 August.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Mohamed Fadil | Morocco | 30:19.41 | SB |
| | Simon Ayeko | Uganda | 30:22.58 | |
| | Stephen Mokoka | South Africa | 30:31.78 | |
| 4 | Yuki Matsuoka | Japan | 30:33.17 | |
| 5 | Liu Chao | China | 30:42.81 | PB |
| 6 | Vasyl Matviychuk | Ukraine | 30:48.72 | |
| 7 | Najim El Gady | Morocco | 30:52.20 | |
| 8 | David Marus | Uganda | 30:58.58 | |
| 9 | Brahim Chettah | Algeria | 31:02.31 | |
| 10 | Abdelaziz Azzouzi | Morocco | 31:11.86 | |
| 11 | Tsuyoshi Ugachi | Japan | 31:15.75 | |
| 12 | Paul Barno | Kenya | 31:22.63 | |
| 13 | Gilbert Chirchir Kiptum | Uganda | 31:58.79 | |
| 14 | Sibabalwe Mzazi | South Africa | 32:24.99 | |
| 15 | Amnuay Tongmit | Thailand | 32:41.57 | |
| 16 | Mainza Makunga | Zambia | 34:15.24 | |
| 17 | Anjana Jayaweera | Sri Lanka | 35:45.59 | |
| | Kemal Koyuncu | Turkey | DNF | |
| | Jorge Rivera | Mexico | DNF | |
| | Ali Topkara | Turkey | DNF | |
| | Jaber Al-Shabibi | Oman | DNS | |
| | Tibor Vegh | Hungary | DNS | |