OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vincent Massari

Vincent Massari (November 29, 1898 – November 16, 1976) was a member of the Colorado General Assembly for 22 years, from 1955 to 1976, the year of his death. He served five two-year terms in the Colorado House of Representatives, from 1955 to 1965, representing Pueblo County. He was elected three times to the Colorado Senate, in 1964, 1968 and 1972. For 42 years he served as president of the Columbian Federation of Italian-American Societies founded on Columbus Day October 12, 1893, in Chicago, Illinois. His legislative efforts led to the establishment of Southern Colorado State College in 1961, known today as Colorado State University Pueblo.

## Biography

Vincent Massari, originally named Vincenzo Massari, was born in Luco dei Marsi (AQ), Abruzzo, on November 29, 1898. He emigrated from Italy in 1915, after studying at a Catholic seminary in the town of Penne (now part of the province of Pescara), just a few days before the devastating 1915 Avezzano earthquake, which resulted in thousands of casualties. Upon arriving in the United States of America to Ellis Island, he settled in Las Animas County, Colorado, before finally moving to Pueblo with his parents. As a staunch anti-fascist, he worked in journalism and served in trade unions as a teenager, collaborating with newspapers primarily read by Italian Americans. He wrote for and managed editorial offices such as L'Unione (approximately from 1925 to 1945), founded by Hector Chiariglione, one of the fathers of Columbus Day, and Marsica Nuova, a newspaper that Massari founded in 1918. Through its pages, he published news from Abruzzo and came into contact with important figures of Italian anti-fascism such as Carlo Tresca. He has covered topics such as the history of Fucino Lake and the years after its drainage, as well as the reconstruction of Marsica following the Avezzano earthquake. He also promoted the works of Ignazio Silone, publishing the novel Fontamara in installments on L'Unione.
In 1937, he was elected president of the Columbian Federation of Italian-American Societies and became a member of the Chamber of Commerce of Pueblo. In 1954 he ran for the Colorado House of Representatives and served in the house for 10 years until he moved to the state senate in 1965.
In 1960 he received the Star of Italian Solidarity from the President of the Republic Giovanni Gronchi, in recognition for having cemented the good relations between Italy and the United States.
He was elected to the Colorado Senate three times, serving from 1965 to 1976 as a member of the Democratic Party. Thanks to his political dedication, the Colorado State University Pueblo was established as an official institution in 1975.

## Death

Massari died on November 16, 1976, age 77, in the Colorado State Hospital. The Massari Arena, in Pueblo, is dedicated to his memory.

## Personal life

Vincent Massari was married to Amalia Perasso on August 21, 1917. They had two daughters: Angelina and Rose. One of his great-granddaughters is Judy A. Massare, famous paleontologist specializing in Jurassic marine reptile research.
# Sanitec

Sanitec was a large European producer of sanitaryware. It was based in Helsinki, owned by the Swedish private equity firm EQT (has been owning 77.5% of Sanitec since 2009, 100% 2005–2009) and owned several European ceramics brands with 18 production plants. Annual revenue in 2012 was €753 million.

## History

Sanitec was established as a subsidiary of Wärtsilä in 1990. In 1999 Sanitec was listed on the Helsinki stock exchange. It was delisted on 1 November 2001 after being acquired by Pool Acquisition Helsinki Oy, a company Sanitec merged with on 31 March 2002. In the beginning of 2005 the merged company was completely acquired by EQT.
In February 2015, Sanitec was acquired by the Swiss firm Geberit for $US1.4 billion.

## Brands (year acquisition by Sanitec)

* Allia, France (1991)
* IDO, Finland
* Ifö, Sweden (1981)
* Keramag, Germany (1991)
* Kolo, Poland (1993)
* Koralle, Germany
* Leda, France (sold in 2012 Nov.)
* Porsgrund, Norway (1985)
* Pozzi-Ginori, Italy (1993)
* Selles, France
* Sphinx, Netherlands (1999)
* Twyford Bathrooms, United Kingdom (2001)
* Varicor, Germany (1998)
# Józef Łuszczek

Józef Łuszczek (born 20 May 1955 in Ząb) is a Polish former cross-country skier who competed from 1978 to 1984. He won two medals at the 1978 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Lahti with a gold in the 15 km and a bronze in the 30 km.
Łuszczek's best Winter Olympic finish was 5th in the 30 km event at Lake Placid, New York, in 1980.
# Gig Car Share

GIG Car Share was a carsharing service in parts of the San Francisco Bay Area, Sacramento, and Seattle, created by "A3 Ventures" (a division of the American Automobile Association). The company operates a fleet of Toyota Prius Hybrid vehicles and all-electric Chevrolet Bolts. It offers one-way point-to-point rentals. The service concluded operations in the San Francisco Bay Area and Seattle on Thursday December 5, 2024.
The cars are unlocked and locked using a near-field communication (NFC) card or the companion app. Users can be charged different rates depending on the plan chosen. Plans include being charged by the minute, hour, and day.
The company collaborates with cities to pay for parking (including metered spots), which is included in each reservation.
At launch, in April 2017, the company's fleet consisted of 250 vehicles across Berkeley and Oakland. Between November 23, 2017, and December 31, 2017, the company temporarily expanded its service zone to include the San Francisco International Airport to accommodate holiday travelers. On January 29, 2018, GIG announced an expansion from 250 to 500 vehicles. In 2018, GIG expanded to Albany and Alameda. In May 2019 GIG launched the largest all-electric car-sharing fleet in the United States, with 260 Chevy Bolts in Sacramento.
GIG also operates several designated parking lots in San Francisco, and one at the Oakland International Airport.
As of May 2019, Gig launched the nation's first inter-regional one-way car-sharing service, allowing members to start a trip in either the East Bay or Sacramento and end their trip in a different region.
In April 2020, the service expanded to Seattle, intending to deploy a fleet of 250 hybrid cars by May.
In February 2023, the company announced they would be phasing out their service in Sacramento, citing "Insufficient demand and high operational costs."
In July 2024, the company announced they would be shutting down the service altogether on December 27th, 2024 citing "challenges due to decreased demand, rising operational costs, and changes in consumer commuting patterns."
# Hu Ze

Hu Ze (Chinese: 胡澤; born 7 September 1984) is a former Chinese short track speed skater. He is a champion and silver medallist of the 2007 Asian Winter Games. He briefly competed at the World Cup, achieving two personal podiums and one team victory during the 2006–07 season.
# Jean Knight Bain

Jean Knight Bain (1909–1999) was a state legislator in Colorado from Denver. A Republican, she served in the Colorado House of Representatives from 1961 to 1972.
She was born Elizabeth Jean Knight. She graduated from East High School in Denver and the University of Colorado.
In 1959, her occupation was listed as housewife. In 1963 she was one of six women serving in the Colorado House. History Colorado has a collection of her papers.
# Ben khalfallah

Ben Khalfallah is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Fahid Ben Khalfallah (born 1982), French-Tunisian footballer
* Nejib Ben Khalfallah (1967–2020), Tunisian dancer, choreographer and actor
# Dubiel

Dubiel is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kwidzyn, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Kwidzyn and 69 km (43 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk.
Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, in 1772-1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany, and in 1945 returned to Poland. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Ashtapada

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Ashtāpada (Sanskrit: अष्टापद) or Ashtapadi is an Indian board game which predates chess and was mentioned on the list of games that Gautama Buddha would not play. Chaturanga, which could be played on the same board, appeared sometime around the 6th century in India; it could be played by two to four participants.
Variants played on different boards include Daśapada (Sanskrit: दशपद). and, in Gujarat, Chomal Ishto or Chomal Eshto. Similar traditional games can be found in China and Korea.

## Etymology

The word Ashtāpada is a Sanskrit term describing the 8×8 board that the game is played on. This meaning was first recorded by Patanjali in a Mahābhāshya book written in the 2nd century. The game was even condemned in an early Brahman text, the Sutrakrilānga.

## Rules

Like a chessboard, the Ashtāpada board is divided into an 8×8 grid of squares, although they are all the same color. The board has special markings known as "castles", where pieces are safe from being captured or removed from play.
Each player receives an even number of pieces to play the game. The goal is to move a piece around the board clockwise, entering the castle, and to regain his castle back in a counterclockwise direction so as to make it reach the center.

## Variants

A variant played on a larger 10×10 board is known as Daśapada (Sanskrit: दशपद).
A variant played on smaller 5×5 board is known as Chomal Ishto or Chomal Eshto in Gujarat. Each player has four pieces to play and retrieve after reaching the center. The game is generally played with cowrie shells instead of dice. It is similar to Chowka bhara.
In Korea, the board of the traditional game 용호쌍륙 (Korean: 용호쌍륙) is similar to Ashtapada.
# Francis Lamb

Francis Lamb (November 12, 1900 – July 26, 1975) was an American lawyer and politician.
Born in Freeport, Illinois, Lamb moved with his family to Madison, Wisconsin in 1905. He received his bachelor's degree in 1923 from University of Wisconsin and his law degree from University of Wisconsin Law School in 1925. Lamb practiced law in Madison, Wisconsin and served as counsel to Wisconsin Governor Walter Goodland. In 1933, Lamb served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. Lamb died suddenly in a hospital in Madison, Wisconsin.
# Mayumi (name)

Mayumi (まゆみ, マユミ) is a common Japanese given name for females.

## Written forms

Mayumi can be written using different kanji characters and can mean:
* 麻弓, "linen, bow"
* 真弓 or 眞弓, "truth, bow" or "spindle tree"
* 檀, "spindle tree"
* 雅弓, "elegant, bow"
* 真由美 or 眞由美, "truth, reason, beauty"
* 麻由美, "linen, reason, beauty"
* 真有美, "truth, exist, beauty"
* 真優美, "truth, gentle, beauty"
The name can also be written in hiragana or katakana.

## People
### Given name

* Mayumi Aoki (まゆみ) a Japanese swimmer
* Mayumi Asaka (真由美), a Japanese actress
* Mayumi Asano (まゆみ), a Japanese voice actress
* Mayumi Azuma (まゆみ), a Japanese manga artist
* Mayumi Gojo (born 1972), a Japanese singer
* Mayumi Heene, see Balloon boy hoax
* Mayumi Hachiya (真由美), Kim Hyon-hui's Japanese cover name
* Mayumi Horikawa (まゆみ), a Japanese model and singer-songwriter
* Mayumi Iizuka (雅弓), a Japanese voice actress and J-pop singer
* Mayumi Ichikawa (真弓), a Japanese long-distance runner
* Mayumi Itsuwa (真弓), a Japanese female singer
* Mayumi Moriyama (真弓), a Japanese politician
* Mayumi Narita (真由美), a Japanese swimmer
* Mayumi Ogawa (眞由美), a Japanese actress
* Mayumi Ozaki (魔弓), a Japanese female professional wrestler
* Mayumi Raheem, a Sri Lankan swimmer
* Mayumi Sada (真由美), a Japanese actress
* Mayumi Shō (born 1965), a Japanese voice actress
* Mayumi Shintani (真弓), a Japanese voice actress and actress
* Mayumi Suzuki (まゆみ), a Japanese voice actress
* Mayumi Tanaka (真弓, born 1955), a Japanese voice actress
* Mayumi Wakamura (麻由美), a Japanese actress
* Mayumi Watanabe (渡辺 真弓, born 1983), Japanese sprinter
* Mayumi Yamaguchi (眞弓, born 1975), a Japanese voice actress
* Mayumi Yamamoto (disambiguation), multiple people
* Mayumi Yoshida (真弓), a Japanese voice actress

## Fictional characters

* Mayumi (マユミ), a character in the Psychiatrist Irabu series of short stories
* Mayumi, a character in the film Urduja
* Mayumi Kino (真弓), a character in the manga and OVA Blue Submarine No. 6
* Mayumi Kisumi (まゆみ), a character in the anime Smile PreCure!
* Mayumi Kubota (真弓), a character in the Nickelodeon/Netflix series Glitch Techs
* Mayumi Kinniku (真弓), a male character in the comic Kinnikuman and its sequel Ultimate Muscle
* Mayumi Tendo (真弓), a character in the novel, comic and film Battle Royale
* Mayumi Thyme (真弓), a character in the visual novel SHUFFLE!
* Mayumi Saegusa (真由美), a character in the light novel series The Irregular at Magic High School
* Mayumi Joutouguu (磨弓), a character in the video game Touhou Kikeijuu: Wily Beast and Weakest Creature
* Mayumi Nishikino (麻弓), a character in the manga and anime series The Kawai Complex Guide to Manors and Hostel Behavior.
# Kim Hyun-kon

Kim Hyun-Kon (Korean: 김현곤; Hanja: 金炫坤, born October 22, 1985, in Seoul) is a South Korean short track speed skater.
# Ormosia nobilis

Ormosia nobilis (sometimes incorrectly: Ormosia novilis) is a tree-forming plant species in the genus Ormosia. It grows in tropical South America, primarily in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Paraguay, and Venezuela. The Ormosis nobilis tree is known as "sirari" and it produces a commercial hardwood which is also known as sirari.

## Growth characteristics

The tree grows in the rain forests and reaches heights of up to 30 metres (98 ft), with very straight and cylindrical trunks.

## Uses

The wood is commercially cut for hardwood floors. The seeds are used in native handicrafts.

## Names

The tree and the wood are known by a variety of names including:
* Amargo blanco,
* Baracara,
* Chocho,
* Jatobahy do igapo,
* Kokriki,
* Mekoe,
* Palo de matos,
* Peonio, and
* Tento

## Varieties

Varieties include:
* Ormosia nobilis Tul. Var. bolivarensis Rudd
* Ormosia nobilis Tul. Var. nobilis
* Ormosia nobilis Tul. Var. santaremnensis (Ducke)Rudd
# Boce W. Barlow Jr.

Boce William Barlow Jr. (August 8, 1915 – January 31, 2005) was first African-American judge in Connecticut, in 1957, and the first African-American to be elected to the Connecticut State Senate in 1966.
Born in Americus, Georgia, in 1915, Barlow came to Hartford with his parents when he was one year old, attended Hartford High School, and graduated from Howard University in 1939 as class president. After serving in World War II in a segregated unit, he graduated from Harvard Law School, one of only four African Americans in his class. Like his father before him, he was active in Democratic Party politics, and won election to the state senate in 1966, serving two terms. Barlow continued to distinguish himself, serving in a variety of state posts that advanced the cause of equal rights.
# H. A. Barclay

Henry Albert Barclay CVO TD DL JP (19 April 1858 - 19 August 1947) was a British soldier.

## Biography

Barclay was the son of Joseph Gurney Barclay (astronomer) and was educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge.
He served in the Army, and was colonel of the King´s Own Norfolk Imperial Yeomanry, which he raised in 1900 until his retirement in 1913. The regiment often took part in ceremonial during visits of the monarchs to Sandringham House in Norfolk. He was aide-de-camp to King Edward VII, 1906–10 and King George V, 1910-25.
He was appointed a Member of the Royal Victorian Order (fourth class - MVO) in December 1901 and promoted to Commander (CVO) of that Order in 1906. He was also a Commander of the Order of St Olav of Norway, due to the Norwegian King´s connection to the Norfolk Yeomanry.
He was of Hanworth Hall in Norfolk.
His son was Humphrey Barclay CVO.
# Paratylenchus tenuicaudatus

Paratylenchus tenuicaudatus is a plant pathogenic nematode infecting soybeans.
This species has characters close to Paratylenchus hamatus, P. elachistus, and P. nanus, but differs from these species in having a long slender tail, in having the vulva in a more forward position, in having a more massive basal bulb of the esophagus, and in the fact that it is a considerably larger species.
# Duża Kępina

Duża Kępina is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Konarzyny, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north of Konarzyny, 26 km (16 mi) north-west of Chojnice, and 100 km (62 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Ash Flower

Ash Flower is a 2016 South Korean drama film directed by Park Suk-young. It is the third and final film in Park's "Flower Trilogy" with Wild Flowers and Steel Flower. It stars Jeong Ha-dam and Jang Hae-gum.

## Cast

* Jeong Ha-dam as Ha-dam
* Jang Hae-gum as Hae-byul
* Jung Eun-kyung as Sam-soon
* Park Myung-hoon as Myong-ho
* Park Hyun-young as Jin-kyung
* Kim Tae-hee as Chul-ki
# Byrde M. Vaughan

Byrde M. Vaughan (November 30, 1862 – May 10, 1941) was an American politician and lawyer.
Born in the town of Byron, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, Vaughan moved to Rudolph, Wisconsin to live with his grandfather in 1867. He graduated from Howe High School in 1880 and received his bachelor's degree from the University of Wisconsin in 1885. Vaughan worked in the law office of Robert M. La Follette, Sr. and studied at the University of Wisconsin Law School, receiving his law degree in 1888. Vaughan then practiced law in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin and farmed. He served as superintendent of the public schools and on the Wisconsin Rapids Board of Education. Vaughan also served on the Wood County Board of Supervisors. From 1933 to 1939, Vaughan served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a member of the Wisconsin Progressive Party. He served in the Wisconsin National Guard in the Gardner Rifles Company. Vaughan died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Wisconsin Rapids. He was buried in Forest Hill Cemetery in Wisconsin Rapids.
# Fitzpatrick v Sterling Housing Association Ltd

Fitzpatrick v Sterling Housing Association Ltd was a 1999 legal case heard by the Judicial Committee of the House of Lords regarding the meaning of the word 'family' with regards to the Rent Act 1977. The Lords found that a gay couple living together could be seen as a family for the purposes of housing law, and that a family relationship did not require either a blood relationship (as between parent and child) or marriage (at the time, neither marriage nor civil partnerships were available for same-sex couples).
Under the Rent Act (and later amendments under the Housing Act 1998), protected tenants could pass on their tenancy to spouses or cohabiting family members upon their death. The claimant in this case, Martin Fitzpatrick, had lived with his partner John Thompson from 1976 until his death in 1994, having met in 1969. Thompson had rented the flat from 1972 onwards. The law allows for succession in a tenancy agreement for spouses, those "living with him or her as a husband or wife", and members of one's family who have resided in the flat for at least two years before the tenant's death. The Court of Appeal rejected Mr Fitzpatrick's initial appeal, citing the precedent of Harrogate Borough Council v Simpson where the Court of Appeal determined that "living together as husband and wife" did not extend to a homosexual couple. The Court of Appeal decision expressed considerable sympathy for the appellant, citing his selfless dedication to caring for his partner for many years, but stated that it was the job of Parliament to change the law to extend protected tenancy succession rights to same-sex couples.
The House of Lords allowed that the appellant and his partner did constitute a family for legal purposes. The Lords decision agreed that there was not a spousal relationship (which they interpreted to mean a heterosexual marriage), nor were they "living together as a husband or wife" (which they interpreted as providing protection only for unmarried heterosexual couples), but stated that a long-term same-sex relationship could be considered a family even without the ties of blood or marriage. The decision was welcomed by gay rights campaigners including the campaign group Stonewall.
# NGC 3995

NGC 3995 is a Magellanic spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy lies about 100 million light years away from Earth based on the Tully–Fisher relation, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 3995 is approximately 80,000 light years across, while based on redshift it lies 170 million light years away. It was discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest on February 5, 1864.
NGC 3995 forms a triplet of galaxies with NGC 3994, which lies 1.9 arcminutes, and NGC 3991, which lies 3.7 arcminutes away. The triplet has been included in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as Arp 313. Both NGC 3995 and NGC 3991 have disturbed appearances while NGC 3994 does not. The triplet is part of the NGC 3966 Group or LGG 259. Other members include NGC 3966, NGC 3935, NGC 3986, IC 2973, UGC 6892, IC 2978, and IC 2979.
The star formation rate of NGC 3995 is estimated to be 4.2±0.9 M$_☉$ per year, with higher rates observed near the centre of the galaxy. The nucleus of the galaxy has emission that resembles an HII region. The spectrum of the galaxy has Wolf-Rayet features, indicative of recent star formation. Hubble Space Telescope detected 46 star formation knots in the galaxy, most of them having ages less than 20 million years.

## Supernovae

Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 3995:
* SN 1988ac (type unknown, mag. 16.5) was discovered by Michael Richmond on 30 December 1988.
* SN 2000ez (type II supernova, mag. 16.8) was discovered by Mark Armstrong on 24 November 2000.
# Darreh Deraz-e Chin

Darreh Deraz-e Chin (Persian: دره درازچين, also Romanized as Darreh Derāz-e Chīn; also known as Darreh Derāz) is a village in Chin Rural District, Ludab District, Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 251, in 49 families.
# Dekuli Dham

Dekuli Dham (Maithili: देकुली धाम) is a Hindu teerth in the Sheohar district of the Mithila region in Bihar. According to legend it is believed to be associated with the epic Mahabharata and Ramayana. There is a famous Lord Shiva temple at the campus of the Dekuli Dham known Baba Bhuvaneshwar Nath Mahadev Mandir.

## History

According to the English Gazette published in 1956, Dekuli Dham is situated between the Pashupatinath of Nepal and the Harihar Kshetra of India. There is a Lord Shiva temple known as Baba Bhuvaneshwar Nath Mahadev Mandir in the campus of the tirtha. According to the villagers, temple was also mentioned on the Chowkidari receipt of the East India Company. In 1962, a Saint named Prem Bhikshu who was the resident of Chhatauni village, excavated the pond near the temple. From the excavation several rare metal statues of Dwapara Yuga period were found. These statues were established at an ancient Maul tree near the temple. The temple was constructed by carving a single stone. According to a verdict of the Calcutta High Court, the temple had been considered as an ancient temple.

## Legend

There is a mound at Dekuli Dham spread over about one acre of land near a big pond which according to the legend believed to be the site of the fort of the King Dhrupad in the epic Mahabharata. Similarly according to the another legend, it is said that earlier there was a tunnel in the sanctum sanctorum of the temple from where the five Pandavas escaped through this tunnel and saved their lives from the Lakhsha Griha burning in Mahabharata.
# Klaus Masseli

Klaus Masseli (born 17 July 1941) is a Polish former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played in one match for the Poland national football team in 1966.