OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Taylor v. United States

Taylor v. United States may refer to several United States Supreme Court cases:
* Taylor v. United States (1832) 44 U.S. 197 (1832)
* Taylor v. United States (1907), 207 U.S. 120 (1907)
* Taylor v. United States (1932), 286 U.S. 1 (1932)
* Taylor v. United States (1973), 414 U.S. 17 (1973)
* Arthur Lajuane Taylor v. United States 495 U.S. 575 (1990), on sentencing enhancements
* Taylor v. United States, 579 U.S. ___ (2016), on the Hobbs Act.
# The Trials of Topoq

The Trials of Topoq is a 2007 puzzle video game developed by London Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It utilizes the PlayStation Eye camera peripheral. It was released on the PlayStation Store.

## Gameplay

The game requires the PlayStation Eye to boot as the camera is not only used to maneuver the ball, but also to navigate through the game's menus where the player moves his own hands instead of using a gamepad. The PlayStation Eye's focale must be set to match the standard field of view (Red)
The main purpose of these trials is to guide an orb through five towers, known as City I (very easy), City II (easy), City III (intermediate), City IV (hard) and City V (very hard). With the help of his body and hands the player creates slopes in order to make roll the orb to hit the mystical cages of energy and avoid gargoyles. The player's image is captured by the camera and mapped on the tower's mosaic-like surface that make up each course. Each player motions rise up the tiles which forms slopes across the surface, these slopes are used to control the direction of the orb.
There are four styles of trials: Trial of Value, Trial of Caution, Trial of Speed, and Trial of Control.

## Reception

Aggregate scores :
| Aggregator | Score |
| GameRankings | 64.00% |
| Metacritic | 62/100 |
Review score :
| Publication | Score |
| IGN | 7.3/10 |
The Trials of Topoq received mixed reviews from critics upon release. On Metacritic, the game holds a score of 62/100 based on 6 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews". On GameRankings, the game holds a score of 64.00% based on 7 reviews.
# John Leland Webb

John Leland Webb (February 25, 1794 – October 17, 1846) was an American contractor and Democratic politician in Bradford County, Pennsylvania. He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives during the 1846 session and died in office. He previously served as sheriff of Bradford County.
Four of Webb's sons became prominent politicians: James in Pennsylvania, William and Henry in Wisconsin and Kansas, and Charles in Wisconsin.

## Biography

John Leland Webb was born February 25, 1794, in Norwalk, Connecticut, and was raised and educated in Fairfield County, Connecticut.
He moved to Chemung County, New York, in 1813, and went to work in construction. He then moved to Bradford County, Pennsylvania, in 1823, and initially settled at Ridgebury Township. There he went to work as a building contractor and was hired as one of the contractors for the construction of the North Branch Canal.
He soon became involved in local politics. He was the first justice of the peace at Ridgebury township, serving ten years while holding other offices. In 1827, he was elected coroner of Bradford County, and, in 1830, he was elected one of the three county commissioners. He was then elected sheriff of Bradford County, serving from December 1833 to November 1836.
In 1845, Webb was elected to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from Bradford County, alongside Victor Emile Piollet, running together on the Democratic Party ticket. He was re-elected in 1846, but died suddenly four days after the election, on October 17, 1846, while he was home at his farm in Smithfield township.

## Personal life and family

John L. Webb was the sixth of seven children born to Moses Webb and his first wife Polly (née Street). Moses Webb was a veteran of the American Revolutionary War, having served in the Connecticut militia. The Webb family descended from the colonist Richard Webb, who came to Connecticut Colony from England in 1626.
John L. Webb married Annis Hammond of New London County, Connecticut, on September 23, 1819. They had seven children, though two sons died in childhood. All four of their surviving sons grew to have prominent political careers.
* James Hammond Webb served as the 50th speaker of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and was register and recorder of Bradford County for three terms.
* William Craw Webb was the first Kansas Insurance Commissioner, and also served in the Kansas House of Representatives and the Wisconsin State Assembly.
* Henry Greenleaf Webb was a member of the Wisconsin Senate, Wisconsin State Assembly, and Kansas House of Representatives, and served as a Kansas district court judge.
* Charles Morton Webb was a Wisconsin state senator, Wisconsin circuit court judge, and United States attorney.
# Cancer, There Is Hope

Cancer, There Is Hope is a bronze sculpture by Victor Salmones, formerly installed in Houston, Texas, United States. It was cast in 1990, shortly after the artist's death, and was dedicated on May 16, 1993. The sculpture was presented to the City of Houston by the Richard and Annette Bloch Foundation.
There are plans to remove the sculpture, as of 2021, because of vandalism beyond repair.
# William G. Rose

William G. Rose (September 23, 1829 – September 15, 1899) was a Republican mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, United States in the nineteenth century.
Rose was born at Mercer County, Pennsylvania, one of eleven children of James and Martha Rose. He grew up on a farm and attended local schools. He began as a school teacher at age 17, and studied law at a local law office starting at age 23. He was admitted to the bar in 1855, and began legal practice in Mercer in 1855.
Rose was associate editor on the Independent Democrat, the leading newspaper in Mercer County. He was a Republican member of the Pennsylvania legislature 1857–1859. Rose was chosen a delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention which nominated Mr. Lincoln, but was unable to attend due to illness.
In 1865, Rose moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where he received the Republican nomination for mayor in 1877, and was elected by a large majority.
His wife was the journalist Martha Parmelee Rose. He was the 1st cousin, 2x removed, of US President William McKinley.
# Nathan J. Sharpless

Nathan J. Sharpless (July 28, 1823 – May 30, 1893) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1865 to 1867.

## Early life

Nathan J. Sharpless was born on July 28, 1823, near Downingtown, Pennsylvania, to Sophia (née Clemson) and Joshua B. Sharpless.

## Career

Sharpless worked as a merchant in Downingtown. He then moved to Paradise Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and worked as a farmer there from 1852 to 1857. In 1857, he returned to Chester County. He was elected justice of the peace and school director of West Marlborough Township. He also worked in real estate and insurance.
Sharpless was a Republican. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1865 to 1867. He was a member of the council of Downingtown.
Sharpless worked as a land surveyor and conveyancer in West Grove. He was president of the State Experimental Farm Club.

## Personal life

Sharpless married Ruthanna Edge, daughter of John Edge, on February 23, 1848. He had four children, Francis (1850–1851), Fannie R. (born 1851), Elizabeth (born 1853) and Joshua (1856–1856).
Sharpless died on May 30, 1893, at his home in West Grove. He was interred at Downingtown Friends Meeting House Cemetery.
# James Archbald

James Archbald (1793–1870) was a Scottish-American railroad executive and politician. After immigrating to the United States with his family in 1805, he later was elected as Pennsylvania state representative and as the first mayor of Carbondale, Pennsylvania.

## Early life and family

Archbald was born March 3, 1793, on Little Cumbrae island, off the Ayrshire coast of Scotland, to a family of shepherds. His family was one of many displaced by the Lowland Clearances; they emigrated to the United States when he was 12. They purchased a farm in the Mohawk Valley in New York.
In 1832 he married Sarah Augusta Frothingham (born 1805), the daughter of Major Thomas and Elizabeth Frost Frothingham of Sand Lake, New York. They had seven children: James, Mary, Augusta, Thomas, Robert, a son who died in infancy, and a daughter Elizabeth, who died at age 12.

## Railroad career

From his location in the Mohawk Valley, Archbald had become familiar with the Erie Canal, which was completed through the Mohawk Valley in 1824. He went into the canal and railroad industry, which was displacing canals as the transportation of choice. Succeeding John B. Jervis, Archbald served as the general superintendent of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company (D&H) from 1829 to 1854. He helped plan the construction of the Pennsylvania Coal Company's railroad from Pittston to Hawley in 1847.
He left D&H to become the vice president of Michigan Southern and Northern Indiana Railroad in 1854. Two years later in 1856, he became the general manager and chief engineer of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad and relocated to Scranton, where it had its headquarters. He lived there until his death in 1870.

## Political career

In 1851 Archbald was elected as the first mayor of Carbondale, Pennsylvania. He was reelected three times and served four terms. His last year of office was 1855. He was nominated at the Lackawanna County Convention held at Wilkes-Barre September 4, 1866, to represent the 133rd district in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He had no partisan affiliation.

## Legacy and honors

* Archbald borough is named in his honor.
# Hiram Cleaver

Hiram Cleaver (August 20, 1801 – July 17, 1877) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Delaware County from 1856 to 1857.

## Early life

Hiram Cleaver was born on August 20, 1801, in Wayne, Pennsylvania, to Ann (née Sturgess) and Isaac Cleaver. His father was a blacksmith.

## Career

As a young man, Cleaver worked as a blacksmith at the Spread Eagle shops in Radnor Township. He later purchased his father-in-law's farm on Lancaster Pike and worked the land. In 1869, he purchased "Cottage Home" farm near Leopard, Easttown Township.
Cleaver was a Republican. He was elected as a school director in Radnor Township in 1845 and 1860. He served as justice of the peace of Radnor Township from 1855 to 1869. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Delaware County from 1856 to 1857.

## Personal life

Cleaver married Jane Abraham, daughter of Enoch Abraham, in November 1832. They had four children, Sarah J., Eliza, Lydia and Isaac Abraham. His wife died in 1854. He married Sarina D. Jones, daughter of John Jones, on April 29, 1856. They had at least two children, Jonas Jones and Horace J. He lived on the "Cottage Home" farm up until his death. His son Isaac was a merchant and served in the Civil War.
Cleaver died on July 17, 1877, at his home in Easttown Township. He was buried in Great Valley Baptist Church Cemetery in Devon.

## Legacy

A railroad station of the Pennsylvania Railroad was named after Cleaver. It was built on his farm near Radnor Township and was renamed Wayne station after he sold the property in 1869.
# Dave Albritton

David Donald Albritton (April 13, 1913 – May 14, 1994) was an American athlete, teacher, coach, and state legislator. He had a long athletic career that spanned three decades and numerous titles and was one of the first high jumpers to use the straddle technique. He was born in Danville, Alabama.

## Athletic career

As a sophomore at Ohio State University, Albritton won the National Collegiate Athletic Association championship in 1936.
In 1936, Albritton and Cornelius Johnson both cleared 6 ft 93⁄4 in (2.07 m) to set a world record at the Olympic Trials, becoming the first people of African descent to hold the world record in the event. Albritton was second to Johnson at the 1936 Summer Olympics, with a height of 6 ft 63⁄4 in (2.00 m). He claimed the silver medal in a jump-off after he and two other jumpers cleared the same height.
Albritton and Johnson were snubbed by Hitler when they went to collect their medals. In 2016, the 1936 Olympic journey of the eighteen Black American athletes, including Albritton and Jesse Owens was documented in the film Olympic Pride, American Prejudice.
Albritton won or tied for seven National Amateur Athletic Union outdoor titles from 1936 to 1950. He was AAU outdoor champion in 1937, 1946, and 1947 and tied for three national collegiate titles, in 1938, 1945, and 1950.

### Coaching and political career

Albritton later became a high school teacher and coach. He served in the Ohio House of Representatives for six terms. In 1980, he was inducted into the USA Track and Field Hall of Fame.

## Legacy

A historic marker honoring Albritton was unveiled on July 12, 2013, Danville, Alabama.
# Richard Franchot

Richard Hansen Franchot (June 2, 1816 – November 23, 1875) was a U.S. Representative from New York and then an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was also an executive of two railroad companies, Albany and Susquehanna Railroad and Central Pacific Railroad.

## Biography

Franchot was born in the town of Morris, Otsego County, New York, the son of French immigrant Paschal Franchot. He attended the public schools and the Hartwick and Cherry Valley Academies. He studied civil engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, in Troy, New York. He served for several years as president of the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad.
Franchot was elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1862.
He moved to Schenectady, New York, and raised the 121st New York Infantry. Franchot was commissioned as a colonel on August 23, 1862, and was brevetted as a brigadier general of U.S. Volunteers dating from March 13, 1865.
After the war, he was associated with the Central Pacific Railroad.
Franchot died in Schenectady on November 23, 1875. He was interred in Vale Cemetery.

## Family

New York Superintendent of Public Works Nicholas Van Vranken Franchot (1855–1943) and State Senator Stanislaus P. Franchot (1851–1908) were his sons, Assemblyman Nicholas V. V. Franchot II (1884–1938) was his grandson, actor Franchot Tone (1905-1968) was his great-grandson, and former Maryland Comptroller Peter Franchot (1947–) is also his descendant.
# Charles Bullen (Utah politician)

Charles William 'Chic' Bullen (January 15, 1919 – December 23, 2009) was a Utah politician and legislator.
Born and died in Logan, Utah, United States, Bullen served in the Utah House of Representatives from 1971 to 1977 and then the Utah State Senate from 1977 to 1985. He was a Republican. In 1980 and 1988, Bullen was the Utah Chair of George H. W. Bush's presidential campaign. Bullen was the son of Logan mayor Roy Bullen.
Bullen received his bachelor's degree from the University of Utah and then served in the United States Navy during World War II. Bullen was a Latter-day Saint. He and his wife, the former Jonnie Blackett, had three children.
# Krzeszna-Stacja

Krzeszna-Stacja is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stężyca, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Stężyca, 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Kartuzy, and 39 km (24 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Charles H. Ealy

Charles Hodge Ealy (January 25, 1884 – November 8, 1947) was an American lawyer and politician who served in the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1927 to 1944 and as Senate president pro tempore from 1941 through 1944. A conservative Republican, Ealy represented Pennsylvania's 36th District, which then comprised Bedford, Fulton, and Somerset counties.

## Early life and education

Ealy was born in the borough of Schellsburg in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, to parents Taylor Filmore Ealy, a physician, and Mary (Ramsey) Ealy. His parents worked as Presbyterian medical missionaries to the Zuni people in the Southwestern United States. Ealy attended Pittsburgh's Bedford Academy and went on to receive his BA and MA degrees from Bucknell University and his LLB from the University of Pittsburgh School of Law. He was admitted to the Somerset County bar in 1908.

## Career and conservatism

Ealy established a private law practice in Somerset and tried cases before state appellate courts, district courts, and the US Supreme Court. From 1916 to 1919, he served as Somerset County solicitor. Elected to the state senate in 1926, he served five consecutive terms, including four years as president pro tempore, through 1946, when he retired and returned to Somerset to resume his practice. Ealy's four-year term as president pro tempore was the longest continuous term since William Marks in 1825. He chaired the senate's judiciary, elections, appropriations, and county government committees and served on the Joint State Government Commission from 1939 to 1947, serving as the commission's vice president from 1943 to 1947. He served three years as president of the Somerset Chamber of Commerce and was a deacon of the Presbyterian Church of Somerset.
Ealy was a conservative Republican who adamantly opposed the federal government's New Deal as well as ramped-up state government spending on social welfare and public projects during the Great Depression. He led the opposition to Governor George Earle's Little New Deal. As president pro tempore during World War II, Ealy was responsible for passage of the state's defense and security laws, wartime manufacturing bills, federal compliance legislation, and veterans' job assistance bills.

## Personal life and death

Ealy married Edna May Pritts circa 1908; the couple had three daughters. He died from a heart attack at his Somerset home within a year of his retirement.
# Press Act

Press act may refer to:
* Press act, 1910 legislation in British India
* Protect Reporters from Exploitative State Spying Act (PRESS Act), 2024 proposed legislation in the United States
# Tom Heydinger

Tom Heydinger (August 24, 1940 – July 10, 2012) was a former judge and Democratic member of the Ohio House of Representatives who represented the 58th District briefly in 2008.

## Life and career

A native of Plymouth, Ohio, Heydinger served in the Vietnam War, where he flew helicopters for the United States Army. He also worked as a lawyer in the Judge Advocate General's Corps.
A former judge, Heydinger served on the bench in Crawford County, Ohio, and as an assistant to the Ohio Attorney General. He also worked as a prosecutor for Huron County, Ohio. In 1975, Heydinger was appointed by Ohio Governor John Gilligan to the Huron County Common Pleas Court, Probate Division, a controversial decision at the time because of the issue of whether he had actually practiced law the requisite number of years to qualify for judicial office. However, a writ of quo warranto (pursuant to the Ohio Revised Code) was never filed, and the Ohio Supreme Court never ruled on the matter. Heydinger served as probate judge from 1975 until 2003.

## Ohio House of Representatives

In early 2008, freshman representative Matt Barrett ran into ethics trouble after mistakenly showing pornographic content to high school students during a presentation. He subsequently resigned, leaving House Democrats to appoint a replacement to the seat. While numerous candidates applied for the position, Heydinger was chosen. He was sworn into office on May 21, 2008.
Initially, Heydinger sought to retain the seat in the 2008 election. However, Heydinger dropped out of the race, citing mounting health problems and influences from within the Ohio Democratic Party. The seat was won by Republican Terry Boose.
# Ransom W. Dunham

Ransom Williams Dunham (March 21, 1838 – August 19, 1896) was an American businessman and politician from Chicago. A Republican, from 1883 to 1889 he served as a U.S. Representative from Illinois. He also served on the Chicago Board of Trade, including as its president.

## Early life, education, and career

Dunham was born in Savoy, Massachusetts on March 21, 1838. He attended the local schools and the high school in Springfield. After completing his education, Dunham worked as a clerk for the MassMutual life insurance company from 1855 to 1857.

## Chicago mercantile career and Chicago Board of Trade

In 1857, Dunham moved to Chicago, where he became a grain and provision merchant.
In 1880 he served as the Chicago Board of Trade's second vice-president. In 1881, he served as its first vice-president. In 1882, he served an elected term as its president. During his presidency of the board, the cornerstone was laid for a new building for the board, construction of which was ultimately completed in 1885.

## U.S. House of Representatives

In 1882 Dunham was elected to the United States House of Representatives as a Republican. He was reelected in 1884 and 1886, and served in the 48th, 49th, and 50th United States Congress (March 4, 1883 to March 3, 1889). He represented Illinois's 1st congressional district.

## Later life and death

After leaving Congress, Dunham retired from politics and business. He died in Springfield, Massachusetts on August 19, 1896, while en route to attend Savoy's centennial celebration. He was buried at Mount Hope Cemetery in Chicago.
# Charles Daniels (New York politician)

Charles Daniels (March 24, 1825 in New York City – December 20, 1897 in Buffalo, Erie County, New York, United States was an American lawyer and politician.

## Life

He was taken to Toledo, Ohio at an early age, and learned his father’s trade of shoemaker. In 1842, he moved to Buffalo, New York, where he studied law. In 1847, he was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Buffalo.
In 1863, he was appointed by Governor Horatio Seymour a justice of the New York Supreme Court, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of James J. Hoyt. Later that year, he was elected to the remainder of Hoyt's term, then re-elected to an eight-year term in 1869, and re-elected to a fourteen-year term in 1877, remaining on the bench until the end of 1891, when his term expired. In 1869, he was ex officio a judge of the New York Court of Appeals.
In 1878, he married Mrs. Mary E. Enos.
In the New York state elections of 1886, he ran for the New York Court of Appeals, but was defeated by Democrat Rufus W. Peckham, Jr.
He was elected as a Republican to the 53rd and 54th United States Congresses, and served from March 4, 1893, to March 3, 1897. He was Chairman of the Committee on Elections No. 1 (Fifty-fourth Congress).
He was buried at Forest Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "Charles Daniels (id: D000040)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
* This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
* JUDGE DANIELS NOMINATED in NYT on September 30, 1886 [gives Buffalo as birthplace]
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byThomas L. Bunting | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 33rd congressional district 1893–1897 | Succeeded byDe Alva S. Alexander |