OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grey dwarf hamster

The grey dwarf hamster, grey hamster or migratory hamster (Nothocricetulus migratorius) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. Its range extends from Eastern Europe through the Middle East, Russia and Central Asia to Mongolia and western China. The grey dwarf hamster has grey fur and a head-body length ranging from 85 to 120 mm (3.3 to 4.7 in). The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".

## Taxonomy

Originally thought to be part of the genus Cricetulus, it has recently been moved to its own genus, Nothocricetulus.

## Description

The grey dwarf hamster has a head and body length of between 85 and 120 mm (3.3–4.7 in) and a well-furred tail about one third as long as this. It weighs between 31 and 58 g (1.1–2.0 oz). Its dental formula is 1.0.0.31.0.3.3. It is a sandy brownish-grey colour above with whitish underparts, the white hairs often having gray bases. The ears are large and the skull flattened with a narrow rostrum.

## Distribution

The grey dwarf hamster is found in parts of Eastern Europe and Asia including Afghanistan, Armenia, Bulgaria, China, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Moldova, Mongolia, Pakistan, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. It has been recorded from Greece but has not been seen there since about 1970. It mostly lives above 1,000 m (3,300 ft) and in the Pamir Mountains has been recorded at altitudes of up to 4,300 m (14,100 ft). It originally inhabited dry grasslands, arid steppes and semi-deserts, but it has spread into cultivated land and gardens, and even sometimes into buildings. It avoids moist locations, dense woodland and forests and is most common in sparsely vegetated areas.

## Behaviour

The grey dwarf hamster is active at dusk and at night. It digs a deep burrow complex that may extend 150 cm (59 in) beneath the surface of the ground and which includes side passages, several nesting areas and chambers to store food for use in winter. It forages for roots, the green parts of plants and seeds, and also eats insects. It does not hibernate, breeding taking place during the summer, with up to three litters being produced annually. Litter size is usually six or seven, but ranges from one to thirteen.

## Status

The grey dwarf hamster has a very wide range and a large total population. In some areas such as the Balkans it is rare, but in others it is abundant, being more common than the house mouse (Mus musculus) in Armenia and Kyrgyzstan. The population trend is unknown, but no particular threats have been identified and it is present in many protected areas. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has therefore assessed this hamster's conservation status as being of "least concern".
# Wiesław Chmielewski

Wiesław Chmielewski (born 14 February 1957) is a Polish modern pentathlete. He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# 2024 ICF Paracanoe World Championships – Women's VL1

The women's VL1 competition at the 2024 ICF Paracanoe World Championships in Szeged took place at the Olympic Centre of Szeged.

## Schedule

The schedule was as follows:
| Date | Time | Round |
| Friday 10 May 2024 | 11:06 | Final |
All times are Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)

## Results

With fewer than ten competitors entered, this event was held as a direct final.
| Rank | Name | Country | Time |
| | Viktoryia Pistis Shablova | Italy | 1:19.15 |
| | Pooja Ojha | India | 1:24.51 |
| | Jocelyn Muñoz | Chile | 1:26.06 |
| 4 | Lillemor Köper | Germany | 1:31.61 |
# Peter B. Morin

Peter B. Morin is an American attorney, novelist, and politician who represented the 2nd Barnstable District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1985 to 1991. He is the author of the novel Diary of a Small Fish which is loosely based on his experiences as a politician.
# Jack Welborn

Jack Welborn (December 20, 1932 – March 7, 2021) was an American politician who served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 1973 to 1974 and in the Michigan Senate from 1975 to 1982 and from 1985 to 1994.
He died of kidney failure on March 7, 2021, in Kalamazoo, Michigan, at age 88.
# Marilyn Laverty

Marilyn Laverty is an American public relations executive and entrepreneur. She is the CEO and president of Shore Fire Media. Among others, she has represented Carole King, Kenny Chesney, Zac Brown Band, Norah Jones, Mavis Staples, Lana Del Rey and St. Vincent. She has worked with Bruce Springsteen since 1980.
Laverty grew up in Southern New Jersey. She attended Cornell University and graduated with a degree in philosophy in 1976. Her first jobs were as an editorial assistant at the Ithaca Journal and a freelance writer for US and UK music magazines.
She began her career in PR as an assistant at Columbia Records in 1977. She worked briefly at RCA, and returned to Columbia in 1979. She left the label 11 years later as VP and head of publicity.
Laverty founded Shore Fire Media in 1990 in Brooklyn Heights and subsequently opened offices in Nashville and Los Angeles. The company was acquired by Dolphin Entertainment in 2019.
# Salt Lake Symphony

The Salt Lake Symphony was founded in 1976 and is a volunteer orchestra that performs in the Libby Gardner Concert Hall in Salt Lake City, Utah. The Salt Lake Symphony is best known for its yearly Vienna Ball Gala on Valentine's Day each year. The orchestra's season generally consists of ten unique performances.
The Salt Lake Symphony is one of the area's volunteer driven orchestras. The Salt Lake Symphony is a non-profit organization performing classical music concerts for the Wasatch Front community. The approximately seventy-five musicians of the SLS volunteer roughly 10,000 hours annually to accomplish this goal.
Robert Baldwin has served as music director and conductor since 2005. He also serves as Director of Orchestral Activities at the University of Utah.
# Mhaismal

Mhaismal is a hill station located in the Aurangabad District of Maharashtra, India, at an altitude of 1,067 meters. It spans an area of approximately 10,000 m², about 40 km from Aurangabad city, and is known for its tropical deciduous forest. Most of the hill is owned by the forest department.
The route to Mhaismal passes the Ellora Caves, Grishneshwar Temple, and Devgiri Fort.
# Tumidodromia dormia

Tumidodromia dormia, the sleepy sponge crab or common sponge crab, is the largest species of sponge crab and the only species in the genus Tumidodromia. It grows to a carapace width of 20 cm (8 in) and lives in shallow waters across the Indo-Pacific region.

## Distribution

Tumidodromia dormia has a widespread distribution in the Indo-Pacific region. Its range extends from East Africa (including Madagascar, the Seychelles and Mauritius) and the Red Sea through the Malay Archipelago, south to Queensland (Australia), north to China and Japan and as far east as Hawaii and French Polynesia. It is mostly found in shallow waters, with the deepest record being 112 m (367 ft).

## Description

Tumidodromia dormia is the largest species in the family Dromiidae, at up to 200 millimetres (7.9 in) across the carapace for males, and up to 172 mm (6.8 in) for females.

## Behaviour

Like other related crabs, T. dormia camouflages itself by carrying a sponge on its back, which it cuts to size with its claws, and then holds in place with its last two pairs of legs. Instead of a sponge, T. dormia has occasionally been observed carrying other materials, including a hollow piece of wood, and the sole of a discarded shoe.

## Life cycle

Little reproductive data is available for T. dormia. One ovigerous (egg-carrying) female from the Marquesas Islands was carrying around 130,000 eggs, each 0.5 mm in diameter.

## Taxonomic history

Tumidodromia dormia was among the first dromiid crabs to be collected, because of its large size and the fact that it occurs in shallow waters. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1763 work Centuria Insectorum, under the name Cancer Dormia. An earlier description was published by Georg Eberhard Rumphius in his 1705 work De Amboinsche Rariteitkamer, but this predates the starting point for zoological nomenclature. There are a number of related species, which have often been confused with each other, including "Dromia rumphii", some examples of which are now considered to belong to Lauridromia dehaani.
# Jacque Peak

Jacque Peak is a high and prominent mountain summit in the Gore Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The 13,211-foot (4,027 m) thirteener is located in the White River National Forest, 1.6 miles (2.5 km) south by east (bearing 173°) of the resort community of Copper Mountain in Summit County, Colorado, United States.
# Extension tube

An extension tube, sometimes also called a closeup tube or an extension ring, is used with interchangeable lenses to increase magnification. This is most often used in macro photography.

## Construction

The tube contains no optical elements; its sole purpose is to move the lens further from the image plane. The further away the lens is, the closer the focus, the greater the magnification, and also the greater the loss of light (requiring a longer exposure time). Lenses classically focus closer than infinity by moving all optical elements further from the film or sensor; an extension tube simply enables this movement.
Since extension tubes do not have optics, they do not affect the optical quality of a lens. Due to their function, there are other effects: decrease of light; shallower depth of field; and loss of ability to focus at infinity. The longer the extension tube, the closer the lens can focus. Correspondingly, the amount of light and depth of field will be reduced. On modern cameras using auto exposure the decrease in exposure is corrected for by the camera, but when not using auto exposure this has to be calculated and taken into account when setting exposure. The exposure compensation, called the bellows factor, is a dimensionless ratio that is applied to the relative aperture (f-number), resulting in the working f-number of the lens and extension tube combination.
The precise reduction of the amount of light reaching the imaging plane can be calculated using the inverse square law formula.
Extension tubes without electrical contacts will not allow an electronic automatic camera to control the lens, thus disabling autofocus and in some cases forcing a user to shoot wide open unless the lens offers manual aperture control. More expensive extension tubes contain electrical contacts allowing the user to use autofocus and electronically control the aperture of the attached lens. An advantage to the non-electrical tubes is their lower price.
Other items like lens adapters may unintentionally have an effect similar to an extension tube. A lens designed for a small flange focal distance may not be able to focus to infinity when a lens adapter places the sensor too far away.

## Versus teleconverters and close-up lens

Extension tubes are sometimes confused with teleconverters, an optical component (i.e., containing lenses) designed to increase effective focal length.
A close-up lens also enables focusing closer for macro photography but, unlike an extension tube, a close-up lens actually is an optical element.
# Joseph T. Flanigan

Joseph T. Flanigan (June 15, 1894 – January 2, 1970) was a member of the Michigan House of Representatives 1951-1952 for Genesee County, 1st District. Born in Defiance County, Ohio, Flanigan served in the US Army during World War I.
After his discharge as a Sergeant with the Sixty-fifth Engineer Tank Corps in France during World War I, he moved to Flint, Michigan. There, he was known as "Flint's Number One Irishman" because of how he represented the city of Flint.
# Heber Austin Ladner

Heber Austin Ladner (October 4, 1902 – June 14, 1989) was the Secretary of State of Mississippi from 1948 to 1980. He was a Democrat.

## Early life and education

Heber Austin Ladner was born on October 4, 1902, in Lumberton, Mississippi. His parents were Webster L. Ladner and Valena Beall Ladner. He graduated from Millsaps College with a BS degree in 1929.

## Career

Ladner started his political career as a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1936. In the House, he represented Pearl River County from 1936 to 1940. From 1940 to 1942, he was the Secretary of the Mississippi Budget Commission. He was the Clerk of the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1942 to 1948.
In 1948, Ladner became the Secretary of State of Mississippi. In 1968, he administrated the oath to the first black state legislator elected in 74 years. However, he was a defendant in suits brought by black people for school desegregation and proportional representation in county election boards. He chaired the Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission. He left office in January 1980, holding the record for longest-serving Secretary of State of Mississippi. Declining to seek an additional term, he reasoned, "I would be in office in my 80s. I have not had really any rest for several decades. I think I've earned some."
Ladner died of heart disease on June 14, 1989, at the Mississippi Baptist Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi.
# Wiesław Perszke

Wiesław Perszke (born 18 February 1960 in Jabłonowo Pomorskie, Kuyavian-Pomeranian) is a former long-distance runner from Poland, who represented his native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. He set his personal best (2:11:15) in the classic distance in 1993].

## Achievements

* All results regarding marathon, unless stated otherwise
| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Poland |||||
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 21st | 2:16:38 |
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 34th | 2:17:35 |
# Huta, Słupsk County

Huta is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Potęgowo, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) west of Potęgowo, 26 km (16 mi) east of Słupsk, and 80 km (50 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

## History

In the 10th century, the area became part of the emerging Polish state under its first historic ruler Mieszko I. Following the fragmentation of Poland into smaller duchies, it became part of the Duchy of Pomerania. From 1701, it was part of the Kingdom of Prussia, and from 1871 to 1945 it was also part of Germany. Following Germany's defeat in World War II, in 1945, it became again part of Poland.

## Transport

The Polish National road 6 runs nearby, south of the settlement.
# B. Joseph Tully

Bernard Joseph Tully was an American politician, twice convicted on federal corruption charges, who served in the Massachusetts Senate and was City Manager of Lowell, Massachusetts.
Tully was born on January 4, 1927, and died on November 1, 2015, in Lowell, Massachusetts. He attended Boston University. Prior to his election to the state senate, Tully worked as a manufacturer's agent as was a member of the Dracut, Massachusetts Board of Selectmen.
From 1971 to 1979, Tully represented the First Middlesex District in the Massachusetts Senate. He resigned from the Senate after he was selected by the Lowell City Council to serve as city manager. He remained city manager until his retirement in 1987.
In 1988, Tully was found guilty of attempted extortion and mail fraud and sentenced to three years in federal prison in a case involving a land swap made with an auto dealership during his tenure as city manager.
In 2011 he pleaded guilty to one count of wire fraud after he took $12,000 worth of bribes from a Lowell landlord who was looking for the Registry of Motor Vehicles to renew its lease with him. Tully reached out to the owner and told him that if he paid him he would pay off a state senator and help keep the Registry office open. Tully and a partner pocketed the bribes and did not pay off any public officials.
# Panix (ISP)

Panix is the third-oldest ISP in the world after The World and NetCom. Originally running on A/UX on an Apple Macintosh IIfx, Panix has gone through a number of transitions as the Internet has grown. It maintains a vibrant community of shell users and posters to its private panix.* USENET newsgroups.
Panix was started as a commercial venture to fill the void created after New York City's primary USENET connected public access system (which was donation supported), The Big Electric Cat, ceased operations. Today, Panix is a full-service provider, offering V-Colo virtual personal servers (VPS), mailboxes and other email services, assorted domain services, web hosting, real and virtual colocation, Internet access (T3s, T1s, SDSL, ADSL, and national dialup), and web programming and network consulting services. Panix also specializes in Unix shell access, from anywhere on the Internet, anywhere in the world.
Panix is a vocal supporter of free speech and uncensored internet access.

## Network security incidents

Panix was one of the first sites to identify the 1996 SYN flood Denial of service.
In 2005, the "panix.com" domain name was hijacked over a (US) long holiday weekend.
# Walther von Klingen

Walther von Klingen (died 1 March 1284) was a nobleman from the Thurgau area who donated to and founded monasteries, and later became a close associate and supporter of King of Germany Rudolf von Habsburg. Some of his poetry, which belongs to the Middle High German Minnesang tradition, has been preserved in the Codex Manesse manuscript.

## Life

Walther came from an old Thurgau family. He was the son of Ulrich II von Altenklingen, the founder of Klingnau. His mother was Ita von Tägerfelden. The first document mentioning Walther (together with his parents and older brother) is from 1240. In 1249, he married Sophia von Frohburg. They had eight children, but all of their three sons died early. After his father's death c. 1250, the family estate was split between Walther and his brother, which was finalised in a 1253 contract. Walther also gained ownership of some of his mother's inheritance. He donated generously and founded the Klingenthal monastery in Basel in 1257 as well as the Sion monastery [de] in Klingnau in 1269. He appears in several documents as arbitrator of disputes or witness of important contracts. Walther was a close associate and supporter of King Rudolf von Habsburg. He owned houses and lived in Strassburg and in Basel. He died on 1 March 1284 in Basel.
Eight of Walther's songs were preserved in the Codex Manesse manuscript. In the corresponding miniature, Walther is shown as the victor of a joust, bearing the Altenklingen coat of arms. His poetry has been described as "not worthy of special praise" and he is considered only a "minor" poet. The known poems are conventional songs with themes of lamentations, courtship or praise, and show influences of Gottfried von Neifen and Konrad von Würzburg. All of them date from Walther's time in Klingnau, before 1271.
# Bergsgrav station

Bergsgrav Station (Norwegian: Bergsgrav holdeplass) is a railway station located in the village of Vinne in Verdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The station is located on the Nordland Line, and serves the southern Vinne suburb of Verdal. The station is only served by the Trøndelag Commuter Rail service between Steinkjer and Trondheim.
There has been a station here since 1938, but the current station was built on 6 December 1977.
# Mary Jane Bode

Mary Jane Goodpasture Bode (July 28, 1926 – September 23, 1998) was an American politician and journalist who served in the Texas House of Representatives from district 37-B from 1977 to 1981.

## Early life

Mary Jane Goodpasture was born on July 28, 1926, in Chicago, Illinois, to Basil M. Goodpasture and Margarite E. (Stinnett) Goodpasture. She moved to Texas and studied at the University of Houston. In the 1940s, she married Amadeo E. Carmignani of Galveston, Texas, with whom she had a daughter in 1949. However, the couple later divorced. In 1956, she moved to Austin, Texas, and started her career as a journalist for several newspapers, including the Austin American-Statesman. She was a capital correspondent for 10 years. She then married Austin journalist and broadcaster Winston Bode, and they divorced in the 1960s

## Political career

Bode began her career in 1968 when she ran for the Texas House of Representatives as a Democrat. She described herself as a "moderate liberal." Her run was unsuccessful and she then worked as press secretary for Texas attorney general John Hill. When the Sarah Weddington, the representative for Texas House seat 37-B left for a position in the Carter Administration, Bode took her seat, winning with less than 70 votes. She would later win reelection. However, she lost her seat in 1980 after a Republican surge from the prominent political career of Ronald Reagan.

## Later life and death

Following her political defeat, Bode continued journalism, but retired 1989. Throughout her life she had struggled with health ailments, including lockjaw, polio, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, and back surgery. She ultimately died of cancer at the age of 72 on September 23, 1998, at Goodshepard Hospital in Barrington, Illinois.
# Joe Christie

Joe William Christie (born June 6, 1933) is an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 29th district of the Texas Senate.

## Life and career

Christie was born in Rising Star, Texas. He attended the University of Texas School of Law.
Christie was an assistant county attorney.
Christie served in the Texas Senate from 1967 to 1973, representing the 29th district.
# Moyne Kelly

Moyne L. Kelly (29 October 1901 – 11 April 1988) was an American politician from Texas.
Kelly won a special election in January 1955, and succeeded David Ratliff as a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 85. Kelly retained his seat as a state representative during the November 1956 state legislative elections, and served until January 1959. During his tenure as a state legislator, Kelly lived in Afton.
# Dean Neugent

Dean Neugent (May 28, 1916 – April 1, 2003) was an American politician who served in the Texas House of Representatives from district 21-2 from 1965 to 1973.
He died on April 1, 2003, in Webster, Texas at age 86.
# Ronglan Station

Ronglan Station (Norwegian: Ronglan stasjon) is a railway station located in the village of Ronglan in Levanger Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located on the Nordland Line. The station is served irregularly by the Trøndelag Commuter Rail service to Steinkjer and Trondheim, with several services not stopping at Ronglan. The service is operated by SJ Norge.

## History

The station was opened on 29 October 1902 on the Hell–Sunnan Line between Hell Station and Levanger Station as the section to Levanger was finished. It is located near the intersection of the highway from Rongland to Ekne, near European route E6. The station was designed by Paul Due and was built with a surrounding park.
# Tom J. Lee

Thomas J. Lee (September 25, 1923 – November 7, 1996) is an American politician. Lee was elected to the 68th district of the Texas House of Representatives in 1965, and was the first Asian-American to serve in the Texas Legislature.
# David Ratliff

David Wade Ratliff (20 April 1912 – 21 March 1995) was an American politician from Texas. A Democrat who lived in Stamford, Texas, he served his first term in the Texas House of Representatives as a legislator from District 115. In his second term as state representative, Ratliff held the District 85 seat. After the death of state senator Harley Sadler, Ratliff won a December 1954 special election to replace him in District 24, and was succeeded as a state representative by Moyne Kelly. Ratliff retained the Texas Senate's District 24 seat until resigning the position on 26 April 1972. Bill Tippen won a special election in June, and completed Ratliff's term in office.