OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nooitgedachter

The Nooitgedachter is a South African breed of riding horse.$^{:59}$ It is the result of a selective breeding programme established in 1952 to preserve the Basutho Pony of Lesotho. It was later decided to give it a different name; it was at first called the Nooitgedacht Pony, named for the Proefplaas Nooitgedacht, the research station near Ermelo in Eastern Transvaal (now Mpumalanga) where it was bred; it was later called the Nooitgedacht Horse until the present name was chosen.$^{:490}$ It is a rare breed, with only about 400 purebreds in existence.

## History

The Nooitgedachter was created in the mid-twentieth century by the Department of Agriculture of the Union of South Africa, which established a programme of selective breeding at the Proefplaas Nooitgedacht, a research station near Ermelo in Eastern Transvaal (now Mpumalanga). The project was initially called the Basutho Pony Project, and had two aims: to preserve the Basutho Pony of Lesotho, which had been in decline since the time of the Anglo-Boer War of 1899–1902; and to create a breed of hardy riding horse for South Africa.$^{:59}$ The name was later changed, first to Nooitgedacht Pony, then to Nooitgedacht Horse, and finally to Nooitgedachter.$^{:60}$ Although the Afrikaans word nooitgedacht means roughly "never imagined", this is not the origin of the name of the breed, which derives from that of the research station.$^{:490}$

## Characteristics

The Nooitgedachter was bred to be a sturdy and compact riding horse capable of carrying a heavy adult rider over difficult terrain for extended periods, with good stamina, a good temperament, and hooves so strong that it does not normally need to be shod.$^{:60}$ Height at the withers ranges from 138 to 163 cm (13.2 to 16.0 hands).
In the early years of the breeding programme grey – in all its shades – was the preferred coat colour.$^{:60}$ Under the 2015 breed standard, the horses may be of any solid colour; patterned coats – such as spotted, skewbald or piebald – are disallowed, as are blue eyes and de-pigmented skin.
The horses commonly have five gaits. In addition to the usual walk, trot and canter they may also have an ambling gait, known as strykstap, and a rack, which in South Africa is called "triple".

## Uses

The Nooitgedachter is a strong and hardy riding horse, well adapted to the environmental conditions of South Africa, and suitable for use as a working horse in the management of farm livestock. In modern times, Nooitgedachters are used for English riding disciplines including dressage, show jumping, equitation, showing, distance riding, and endurance riding.
# Mark Williams (writer)

Clifton Mark Williams (born 12 October 1951) is a New Zealand poet, writer, academic, critic, editor of contemporary New Zealand literature. He holds a MA (Hons) from the University of Auckland and a Ph.D (1983) from the University of British Columbia. He is emeritus Professor of English at Victoria University of Wellington.

## St Peter's College

Williams was educated at St Peter's College, Auckland. He has written about his reaction to St Peter's after his Christadelphian background. "To me, on coming from a radically iconoclastic Protestant sect, the holy pictures and statues the Christian Brothers had crammed on every wall seemed utterly bizarre. .... At midday we all knelt for the Angelus. Mass involved long periods of kneeling." Although he feels he escaped "the deep imprinting on the psyche of Catholic guilt", Williams was captivated by "those gothic images and rigid doctrines": "An absolute scale of values and vision is insinuated into one's mind" which may account "for the number of Catholics who become writers or artists". While at St Peter's College, Williams started writing poetry and he entered a poetry contest judged by old-boy poet Sam Hunt, who wrote to him in response to his entry.

## Academic career

Williams returned to New Zealand from his doctoral studies at the University of British Columbia (1983) and lectured at Auckland University and Waikato University before moving to the University of Canterbury, where he was a lecturer and associate professor. He joined the English faculty at Victoria University of Wellington in 2008, and became Professor of English there. Williams's research focused on New Zealand and modern literature. He was on the editorial boards of numerous scholarly journals, including the Journal of Commonwealth Literature and Canadian Literature. In 2009, he was the convenor of the judging panel for the Montana New Zealand Book Awards. He was one of the editors of The World Novel to 1950, a volume of the Oxford University Press series The History of the Novel in English. in 2019, he was engaged in writing a novel based on his youthful experience of the Christadelphian religion.

## Contribution to New Zealand literature

Williams is one of the first academics to focus his publications predominantly on contemporary New Zealand writing. His work is also informed by a strong international context, which has enabled him to argue in Leaving the Highway: Six Contemporary New Zealand Novelists (1990) against the "violent dualities" of New Zealand culture and the "binary habits of New Zealand criticism" and advocate instead independence, difference, continuities, and "complex wholeness".
In November 2012, with his wife and fellow Victoria academic, Jane Stafford, Williams published a major anthology of New Zealand literature.

## Works

* Mark Williams publications, Victoria University of Wellington (accessed 14 May 2010).

## Notable student

* Michalia Arathimos – Greek–New Zealand writer
# Saadullah Jan Barq

Saadullah Jan Barq (born 11 May 1940) is a Pakistani poet, columnist, analyst and writer. Barq is fluent in Hindi, Persian, Arabic and Urdu. He began his writing career by writing for Bang-i-Haram, a local daily newspaper. He contributed editorials for Inqelab and Shahbaz. He wrote plays in both Urdu and Pashto for radio and PTV.
He authored books on Pashtun ethnography and historiography. One of these books, Yadon ke Janaze, is an autobiography. He writes daily columns for Urdu daily Express, Zair-i-lab, which are published by daily Shahbaz. He is known for his humor and satire. Barq has associated with writers such as Qalandar Momand, Dr Raj Wali Shah Khattak, Dr Yar Muhmmad Maghmum Khattak, and Abdur Rahim Majzoob.

## Literary works

Barq's books include:
* Braikhna
* Baraan
* Gulziarray
* Zaghoona
* Dukhtar-e-Kainaat
* Da Kashmir Ghazi
* Yaadon ke Janaze
* Pukhtoon Qaam ya Nasal
# Robert C. Hendrickson

Robert Clymer Hendrickson (August 12, 1898 – December 7, 1964) was an American attorney, politician, and diplomat who served as a United States senator from New Jersey.

## Early life and education

Born in Woodbury, New Jersey, Hendrickson attended public schools and during the First World War enlisted in the United States Army in 1918 and served overseas. Since he left for war before his senior year of high school ended, Hendrickson received his Woodbury High School diploma while he was overseas in France. He graduated from Temple University Law School in Philadelphia (1922).

## Career

After graduating from law school, Hendrickson was admitted to the New Jersey bar, commencing practice in Woodbury. He held the office of county supervisor from 1929 to 1934, and was city solicitor of Woodbury in 1931. He was a member of the New Jersey Senate from 1934 to 1940, serving as president of the senate in 1939; he was an unsuccessful Republican nominee for governor in 1940. He served as state treasurer from 1942 to 1949 and was a member of the board of managers of the Council of State Governments in 1940, and was its chairman in 1941. He was vice chairman of the Commission on the Delaware River Basin from 1936 to 1951. He served on the New Jersey Constitutional Revision Commission.
During the Second World War he rejoined the Army in 1943, was commissioned a major, served with the American Military Government in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, and was subsequently promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1944, being separated from the service in 1946. As a senior legal officer in the U.S. Army in North Africa, Italy, and Austria, he worked on the re-establishment of civil rights and local courts, the implementation of de-nazification programs, and the care of displaced persons. He was called back into active duty for the Korean War in 1951. In 1948, he was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate, and served from January 3, 1949, to January 3, 1955; he was not a candidate for renomination in 1954. President Dwight Eisenhower appointed Hendrickson to the post of United States ambassador to New Zealand, which he held from February 16, 1955, to November 20, 1956.

## Personal life

Hendrickson was a resident of Woodbury until his death in 1964; his grave is in Eglington Cemetery in Clarksboro, New Jersey.
# Dimitrios Kolovos

Dimitrios Kolovos (born 1940) is a Greek former swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre backstroke at the 1960 Summer Olympics, where he was eliminated in the heats.
# NPO Radio 1

NPO Radio 1 is a public-service radio channel in the Netherlands, and is part of the Netherlands Public Broadcasting, NPO. It featured mostly news, talk, and sport programming with a variety of music (from classic hits to oldies to adult contemporary to ethnic music).

## History

The channel originated in 1947 as "Hilversum 2", and transmitted using its original name until 1 December 1985, when the name was changed to "Radio 1", and remained so until becoming "NPO Radio 1" in 2014.

## Content contributors

As of 2022, the following broadcasting organizations participate in the production of NPO Radio 1's programming:
* AVROTROS
* BNNVARA
* EO
* Human
* KRO-NCRV
* MAX
* NOS
* NTR
* ON
* PowNed
* VPRO
* WNL
* ZWART
# John F. Melia

John F. Melia (June 5, 1915 – June 24, 1994) was an American politician who was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1965 to 1981.
Melia was born on June 5, 1915, in Boston. He attended Brighton High School and Boston Commerce Graduate School. Prior to entering politics, Melia worked as a caterer and food consultant. From 1965 to 1981, Melia represented Brighton in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He was defeated in the 1980 Democratic primary in Thomas M. Gallagher. Melia died on June 24, 1994, at Pilgrim Manor Nursing Home in Plymouth, Massachusetts after a long illness.
# Jamno, Pomeranian Voivodeship

Jamno, Kashubian: Jómno is a village in Gmina Parchowo, Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Bytów and 67 km (42 mi) south-west of Gdańsk (capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship).
From 1975 to 1998 the village was in Słupsk Voivodeship.
# Hein de Kort

Hein de Kort (born 4 October 1956, Laren) is a Dutch comics artist. He is the winner of the 1992 Stripschapprijs.
# Thyrisomidae

Thyrisomidae is a family of mites belonging to the order Sarcoptiformes.
Genera:
* Banksinoma Oudemans, 1930
* Gemmazetes Fujikawa, 1979
* Gobiella Balogh & Mahunka, 1965
# Canoeing at the 2022 Asian Games – Men's K-4 500 metres

The men's sprint K-4 (kayak four) 500 metres competition at the 2022 Asian Games was held on 1 and 3 October 2023.

## Schedule

All times are China Standard Time (UTC+08:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Sunday, 1 October 2023 | 10:02 | Heats |
| Sunday, 1 October 2023 | 15:16 | Semifinal |
| Tuesday, 3 October 2023 | 11:05 | Final |

## Results
### Heats

* Qualification: 1–3 → Final (QF), Rest → Semifinal (QS)

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Team | Time | Notes |
| 1 | South Korea (KOR) Cho Gwang-hee Jo Hyun-hee Jang Sang-won Jeong Ju-hwan | 1:26.013 | QF |
| 2 | Iran (IRI) Pouria Sharifi Sepehr Saatchi Ali Aghamirzaei Peyman Ghavidel | 1:26.220 | QF |
| 3 | Uzbekistan (UZB) Samandar Khaydarov Vilyam Ibragimov Denis Onufriev Ozodjon Amriddinov | 1:27.009 | QF |
| 4 | Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) Rodion Tuigunov Erlan Sultangaziev Rysbek Tolomushev Vladislav Prokopov | 1:37.355 | QS |
| 5 | Hong Kong (HKG) Kwok Ka Wai Mok Yuen Fung Chang Long Yin Tsoi Yik San | 1:38.100 | QS |
| 6 | Tajikistan (TJK) Abdusattor Gafurov Manuchekhr Bayozov Tokhir Nurmukhammadi Zohirjon Nabiev | 1:44.761 | QS |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Team | Time | Notes |
| 1 | China (CHN) Bu Tingkai Wang Congkang Zhang Dong Dong Yi | 1:25.440 | QF |
| 2 | Japan (JPN) Keiji Mizumoto Akihiro Inoue Taishi Tanada Seiji Komatsu | 1:26.563 | QF |
| 3 | Kazakhstan (KAZ) Bekarys Ramatulla Andrey Yerguchyov Sergii Tokarnytskyi Igor Ryashentsev | 1:28.922 | QF |
| 4 | Singapore (SGP) Daniel Koh Kendrick Ang Sean Teo Jovi Jayden Kalaichelvan | 1:33.929 | QS |
| 5 | Thailand (THA) Natthaphat Chaijantuek Narongsak Phonkham Aditep Srichart Aphisit Thamom | 1:40.223 | QS |

### Semifinal

* Qualification: 1–3 → Final (QF)
| Rank | Team | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) Rodion Tuigunov Erlan Sultangaziev Rysbek Tolomushev Vladislav Prokopov | 1:32.935 | QF |
| 2 | Singapore (SGP) Daniel Koh Kendrick Ang Sean Teo Jovi Jayden Kalaichelvan | 1:33.824 | QF |
| 3 | Thailand (THA) Natthaphat Chaijantuek Narongsak Phonkham Aditep Srichart Aphisit Thamom | 1:37.205 | QF |
| 4 | Hong Kong (HKG) Kwok Ka Wai Mok Yuen Fung Chang Long Yin Tsoi Yik San | 1:37.696 | |
| 5 | Tajikistan (TJK) Abdusattor Gafurov Manuchekhr Bayozov Tokhir Nurmukhammadi Zohirjon Nabiev | 1:42.664 | |

### Final

| Rank | Team | Time |
| | China (CHN) Bu Tingkai Wang Congkang Zhang Dong Dong Yi | 1:23.859 |
| | South Korea (KOR) Cho Gwang-hee Jo Hyun-hee Jang Sang-won Jeong Ju-hwan | 1:25.006 |
| | Japan (JPN) Keiji Mizumoto Akihiro Inoue Taishi Tanada Seiji Komatsu | 1:25.751 |
| 4 | Iran (IRI) Pouria Sharifi Sepehr Saatchi Ali Aghamirzaei Peyman Ghavidel | 1:26.480 |
| 5 | Uzbekistan (UZB) Samandar Khaydarov Vilyam Ibragimov Denis Onufriev Ozodjon Amriddinov | 1:26.939 |
| 6 | Kazakhstan (KAZ) Bekarys Ramatulla Andrey Yerguchyov Sergii Tokarnytskyi Igor Ryashentsev | 1:28.400 |
| 7 | Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) Rodion Tuigunov Erlan Sultangaziev Rysbek Tolomushev Vladislav Prokopov | 1:31.874 |
| 8 | Singapore (SGP) Daniel Koh Kendrick Ang Sean Teo Jovi Jayden Kalaichelvan | 1:32.575 |
| 9 | Thailand (THA) Natthaphat Chaijantuek Narongsak Phonkham Aditep Srichart Aphisit Thamom | 1:36.447 |
# Dimitrios Mitoglou

Dimitrios Mitoglou (Greek: Δημήτριος Μήτογλου; born 11 January 1962) is a Greek retired football defender.

## Personal life

He is the father of the basketball player Dinos and the footballer Gerasimos.
# Maria Martens

Maria Johanna Theodora Martens (born 8 January 1955 in Doetinchem, Gelderland) is a Dutch politician. She is a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal. From 2011 until 2019 she was a member of the Dutch Senate.
From 1999 to 2009 she was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP). There she was a member of the bureau of the EPP-ED group in the European Parliament and sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Development.
She was also a substitute for the Subcommittee on Security and Defence and a member of the delegation to the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly.

## Career

* Higher degree in theology (1984)
* NIMA (Netherlands Marketing Institute) A and B diplomas
* Lecturer in Life Philosophy (1984)
* Foreign Affairs Secretary, Netherlands Mission Council (1984–1988)
* Study secretary, VKMO (Association of Catholic Social Organisations) (1988–1999)
* Chairwoman, Nijmegen CDA
* Member of the party council
* Member of the editorial team of CD Verkenningen
* Chairwoman, European Forum of National Committees of the Laity (1996–2000)
* Chairwoman, Netherlands Episcopal Committee for the year 2000 (1996–2000)
* Member of the governing board of the Catholic Theological University, Utrecht (since 1998)
* Commissioner for recreation in the Veluwe area (RGV)
* Member of the executive board of the World Population Fund (WPF)
* Member of the European Parliament (since 1999)
* Awarded knighthood in the Order of Orange-Nassau (2009)
* Decorated in Order of St. Gregory the Great (2024).
# Jeremy S. Weinstein

Jeremy S. Weinstein (born June 30, 1950) is an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Life

Jeremy Weinstein was born on June 30, 1950, in New York City. He attended Jamaica High School. He graduated from York College CUNY and Brooklyn Law School.
He entered politics as a Democrat, and was a Deputy Assistant New York Attorney General from 1975 to 1976, and Associate Counsel to the Speaker of the New York State Assembly from 1977 to 1978.
Weinstein was a member of the New York State Senate from 1979 to 1992, sitting in the 183rd, 184th, 185th, 186th, 187th, 188th and 189th New York State Legislatures. He served as minority whip and assistant minority leader for floor operations. During his 14 years in the New York State Senate, then Senator Weinstein served on the Judiciary Committee, the Codes Committee, the Banking Committee and the Crime and Corrections Committee. He sponsored numerous bills dealing with criminal justice issues, civil practice, education and the environment.
He was a Judge of the New York City Civil Court from 1994 to 1999; and was Supervising Judge of the Queens Civil Court from 1997 to 2007. In November 1999, he was elected to the New York Supreme Court (11th JD.), and was appointed as Administrative Judge of the Queens Supreme Court Civil Term in 2007. Judge Weinstein served as Administrative Judge of the Queens Supreme Court Criminal Term from 2008-2009.
Judge Weinstein retired in 2019 and currently serves as a neutral with National Arbitration and Mediation (NAM)
# Jamy, Pomeranian Voivodeship

Jamy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowa Wieś Lęborska, within Lębork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.
For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Brendan Mullin

Brendan John Mullin (born Jerusalem, 31 October 1963) is a former Ireland international rugby union football player. He played as a centre and has been described as "one of the last great Irish players of rugby’s amateur era". After retirement from rugby, Mullin worked for Powerscourt Investments. He subsequently joined Bank of Ireland. He was arrested in 2021 and, after a lengthy investigation, brought to court in October 2024 to face charges relating to the theft of more than €570,000 from the bank. He was found guilty in November 2024 and jailed for three years.

## Early life

Mullin spent his early life in Jerusalem, Israel and attended secondary school in Blackrock College, Dublin. A Leinster and Ireland schoolboy international, Mullin studied law at Trinity College Dublin and also reportedly won "an Oxford 'Blue'".
Mullin was also a noted hurdler, winning the All-Ireland Schools senior boys’ hurdles in 1981 and 1982 and with a personal best of 14.41 seconds for the 110m hurdles.

## Rugby career

Mullin had 55 caps for Ireland, scoring 17 tries and 1 conversion, 72 points in aggregate. His debut was at the 16–9 loss to Australia, on 10 November 1984, in Dublin, and his final cap was at the 36–12 loss against France, on 10 June 1995, at the 1995 Rugby World Cup, in Durban, South Africa. He was for many years Ireland's record try-scorer.
Mullin played at three Rugby World Cup finals, in 1987, 1991 and 1995. He played in nine Five Nations championships: 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992 and 1995.
He toured Australia in 1989 with the British and Irish Lions and at the time played club rugby for Blackrock College RFC. Mullin also played three times for the Barbarians in the 1980s.

## Criminal activity

Mullin was arrested in Dublin on 21 September 2021, and brought before the Dublin District Court on foot of an investigation by the Garda National Economic Crime Bureau. He was charged with nine counts of theft under the Theft and Fraud Offences Act, accusing him of stealing €578,000 from Bank of Ireland between 2011 and 2013. Mullin, who had been a managing director of Bank of Ireland private banking, was also accused of deceiving two people to sign a payment instruction to make a gain for himself or causing a loss to another, and with five counts of false accounting. He made no comment when informed of the charges and was released on bail after agreeing to surrender his passport.
The trial, which began on 15 October 2024, took three weeks and ended in early November 2024. Mullin was found guilty of 12 of the 14 charges that were presented, including several of counts of stealing more than €570,000 between 2011 and 2013, and a number of charges relating to false accounting practices. The judge directed the jury to return a verdict of not guilty on a further count of deception. He was sentenced on 25 November 2024 to three years in prison.
# Montréal Écologique

Montréal Écologique (French pronunciation:, MÉ; English: Ecology Montreal) was a municipal political party that existed from 1990 to 1994 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The party's ideas were influenced by political theorist Murray Bookchin's idea of libertarian municipalism.

## Origins

The party that eventually became Ecology Montreal was started in 1989 through a series of public meetings organized by Dimitri Roussopoulos, a veteran political organizer and publisher in Montreal. Roussopoulos indicated that his group was intended to become Montreal's first municipal Green party and would make environmental issues its top priority. Ecology Montreal was formally registered with city hall in April 1990.
The party was established at about the same time as the Democratic Coalition of Montreal, a left-wing breakaway group from the governing Montreal Citizens' Movement (MCM). Roussopoulos held talks with Democratic Coalition leaders on inter-party co-operation in late 1989, although no agreement was reached at that time. In October 1990, the parties signed a "non-aggression pact," pledging not to run against one another in most of the city's council wards in the upcoming election. As a result of the pact, Ecology Montreal did not field a candidate for mayor.

## 1990 election

Ecology Montreal's platform for the 1990 municipal election included calls for reducing automobile use, increasing green space, a full recycling program, proportional representation, and a toll for cars entering the Island of Montreal with fewer than three people. During the election, Roussopoulos said that Montreal should reduce its garbage output by seventy per cent. Some party members also pledged to set up a food bank after the election, expressing surprise at the degree of poverty in the city.
Ecology Montreal ran twenty-one candidates in the 1990 election, none of whom were elected. Roussopoulos finished second to an MCM candidate in the Jeanne-Mance ward.

## Merger

Roussopoulos remained as leader of Ecology Montreal until August 1994, when the party was formally merged with the Democratic Coalition. Yolande Cohen became leader of the resulting Democratic Coalition-Ecology Montreal party for the 1994 election. Before the merger, the party had attempted to form "Alliance '94", a political alliance with two other leftist city councillors.
The merged party won two seats on council, both of whom were former members of the Democratic Coalition. These councillors used the name of the merged party until shortly before the 1998 election, when the parties dissolved their merger. Ecology Montreal does not appear to have re-surfaced as a separate organization after this time.