OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gil Riviere

Gil Riviere is an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the Hawaii Senate for the 23rd district from 2015 to 2023. He previously served as a Republican representative from Hawaii's 46th district.

## Elections
### Hawaii House of Representatives elections

Riviere won the November 2, 2010 general election for Representative from Hawaii's District 46 against Larry Sagaysay with 54.2% of the vote. He was unopposed in the Republican primary for the office. Riviere ran in the 2012 Republican primary for Representative of Hawaii's District 47, and was defeated by Richard Fale on August 11, 2012 with 47.2% of the vote.

### Hawaii State Senate elections

Riviere won the November 4th, 2014 general election for Senator to represent Hawaii's District 23 against Richard Fale, his primary opponent who won in the 2012 election for Representative of Hawaii's District 47. Riviere won with 52.3% of the vote.
Riviere ran unopposed in the November 6th, 2018 general election for Senator of Hawaii's District 23. He was challenged by Clayton Hee in the Democratic primary for the seat, but won with 66.8% of the vote.
# Jose Rivera (politician)

José Rivera (born July 30, 1936) is a former politician who served in the New York State Assembly from 2001 to 2022, representing the Fordham-Bedford, Kingsbridge Heights, Bedford Park, and Belmont sections of the Bronx. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

## Biography

Rivera was born in 1936 in San Juan, Puerto Rico. He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1983 to 1987, sitting in the 185th, 186th and 187th New York State Legislatures. He was a member of the New York City Council from 1987 to 2000. Rivera was elected again to the State Assembly in 2000, and was the head of the Democratic Party in the Bronx from 2002 until he was ousted in 2008 by the so-called Rainbow Rebels.
Prior to his election to the Assembly in 1982, Rivera gained prominence as a labor advocate and organizer of construction workers and "gypsy" taxicab drivers.
During his tenure as County Leader of the Bronx, Rivera was frequently advised by Mike Nieves, a Democratic party consultant and strategist. Rivera was a vocal advocate for the withdrawal of the U.S. Navy from its bombing range on the island of Vieques, Puerto Rico, and was arrested in 2001, together with Al Sharpton and other political figures, for trespassing onto the Navy's Vieques facility. The Navy subsequently agreed to withdraw from the Vieques facility. Two of his children, Joel Rivera and Naomi Rivera, were formerly elected officials in the Bronx, and were members of the New York City Council and New York State Assembly, respectively.
In the 2022 primary, he lost his re-nomination bid to George Alvarez.
# 1980 Portland State Vikings football team

The 1980 Portland State Vikings football team was an American football team that represented Portland State University as an independent during the 1980 NCAA Division I-AA football season. In its sixth and final season under head coach Mouse Davis, the team compiled an 8–3 record and outscored opponents by a total of 550 to 209. The team utilized the run and shoot offense popularized by Davis and gained national acclaim for its high-scoring offensive output, including single-game tallies of 105 and 93 points. On the field, the team was led by senior quarterback Neil Lomax. During the 1980 season, Lomax tallied 4,094 passing yards and became the all-time leader in college football history with a career total of 13,200 passing yards.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 6 | North Dakota | | Civic StadiumPortland, OR | W 28–14 | 11,952 |
| September 20 | Montana | | Civic StadiumPortland, OR | W 20–0 | 11,381 |
| September 27 | at Idaho State | No. 10т | ASISU MinidomePocatello, ID | L 33–59 | 8,042 |
| October 4 | at Idaho | | Kibbie DomeMoscow, ID | L 27–37 | 13,000 |
| October 11 | at Puget Sound | | Baker StadiumTacoma, WA | W 37–14 | 5,200 |
| October 18 | Eastern Washington | | Civic StadiumPortland, OR | W 54–21 | 7,347 |
| October 25 | Cal Poly Pomona | | Civic StadiumPortland, OR | W 93–7 | 6,152 |
| November 1 | at Northwestern State | | Harry Turpin StadiumNatchitoches, LA | L 21–40 | 7,000 |
| November 8 | Delaware State | | Civic StadiumPortland, OR | W 105–0 | 4,772 |
| November 15 | South Dakota State | | Civic StadiumPortland, OR | W 48–17 | 4,976 |
| November 22 | Weber State | | Civic StadiumPortland, OR | W 75–0 | 6,890 |
| Rankings from Associated Press Poll released prior to the game |||||||

## Game summaries
### Delaware State

| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| Hornets | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vikings | 49 | 14 | 35 | 7 | 105 |
| Statistics | DSU | PSU |
| First downs | 10 | 26 |
| Total yards | 61 | 451 |
| Rushing yards | 27 | 32 |
| Passing yards | 34 | 419 |
| Turnovers | 7 | 0 |
| Time of possession | 38:23 | 21:37 |
| Team | Category | Player | Statistics |
| Delaware State | Passing | Rod Lester | 5/18, 34 yards, INT |
| Delaware State | Rushing | Doug Picott | 11 rushes, 53 yards |
| Delaware State | Receiving | Greg Lee | 2 receptions, 18 yards |
| Portland State | Passing | Neil Lomax | 16/28, 311 yards, 8 TD |
| Portland State | Rushing | Neil Lomax | 3 rushes, 23 yards, TD |
| Portland State | Receiving | Clint Didier | 8 receptions, 111 yards, 2 TD |
# Chicago and North Western E-4 Class

The Chicago and North Western Class E-4 was a class of nine streamlined 4-6-4 "Hudson" steam locomotives built in 1937 by the American Locomotive Company (ALCO).
The nine E-4's were almost identical in specification and purpose to the Milwaukee Road's six class F7 locomotives, and they were built by the same builder at the same time, yet their streamlined designs were different. The E-4's were built to haul the Chicago and North Western's (C&NW) famous "400" express passenger trains, but before they were even delivered, the railroad's management decided that streamlined steam was the wrong direction and instead placed orders with General Motors Electro-Motive Division for new diesel locomotives.
The displaced E-4s instead pulled secondary passenger trains, until they were withdrawn from service between 1953 and 1956, and scrapping commenced on the fleet. Two remaining E-4's (Nos. 4008 and 4009) were kept in Escanaba, Michigan to thaw frozen ore with heat from their boilers. In August 1961, Nos. 4008 and 4009 were replaced by a new infrared process, and since both E-4's had been welded to the rails, C&NW crews had to scrap them on site.

## Other C&NW steam locomotives

* Chicago and North Western D Class 4-4-2 – A major workhorse of the C&NW, some were used on the Minnesota 400.
* Chicago and North Western E Class 4-6-2 – Some converted to "ES" class with similar casing to the E-4. The ES engines succeeded Class D locomotives on the Minnesota 400.
* Chicago and North Western E-2 Class 4-6-2 – Twelve locomotives, four of which were converted to "E-2-a" class and were the original locomotives for the Twin Cities to Chicago 400 before being replaced by EMD E3 diesel units. The remaining eight were converted to "E-2-b" locomotives.
# Leon Pasternak

Leon Pasternak (1910 – 1969) was a Polish poet and satirist. His Jewish family came to Poland in the 1880s from the town of Tula, Russia, which was outside the Jewish Pale of Settlement, where Jews usually were not allowed to reside.
Pasternak was born on 12 August 1910 at Lemberg, Austro-Hungarian Empire.
The Tula Pasternaks belonged to a class of "Jewish Landed Gentry" that resided in the manors of the gentile aristocracy, and managed their agricultural estates. In the case of the Pasternaks the estates were in the vicinity of Yasnaya Polyana, Leo Tolstoy's estate. Tolstoy invited Leonid Pasternak, a member of the Odessa branch of the family, to illustrate his books. Leonid's son, Boris Pasternak who became years later a famous poet, wrote the novel "Letters from Tula", maybe in tribute to his relatives. The Tula Pasternaks were very much assimilated - one of Leon's aunts was called Marie, a Christian name that no "proper" Jew would have given a daughter of his. Leon's faith was not religious but a universal humanitarian one.
In the 1920s Leon was a young idealist and committed communist. As a result of his political activities — writing satirical verses for socialist revolutionary periodicals, and spreading communist propaganda in any possible way — Leon had to leave Lwow for Warsaw. There his works quickly became popular, but soon the "literary cabaret" which he founded in collaboration with Stanislaw Lec (referred to as the Theater of Boys by some and as the Five Kopeck Theater by others), was closed by the authorities, after only eight performances.
In 1934, Leon then a young man of 24, was imprisoned in the Bereza Kartuska prison, the first concentration camp in Poland in which political prisoners were held without trial by the Polish regime. His relatives traveled from Lwow with parcels of warm clothing and food to help him sustain the harsh conditions of jail. Meanwhile across the border in the Soviet Union, Leon's relative Boris Pasternak escaped a similar fate of ideological imprisonment: Boris became disillusioned with communist ideals, and was about to be arrested. Supposedly Stalin himself had crossed Boris's name off an arrest list during the Great Purge. After one year in prison, Leon Pasternak was released.
In the beginning of World War II, he fled to the USSR. He joined the 1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division that fought against the Nazis to liberate Poland. He wrote for the divisional newspaper Żołnierz Wolności and was the director of the divisional theater. The theater subsequently became the First Polish Army theater and became the first theater in the Polish People's Republic. He was the author of the famous marching song Oka.
After the war was over, he resumed the satirical weekly "Szpilki" with Stanisław Jerzy Lec and Jerzy Zaruba, which they edited together at first, and became the vice-chairman of the Polish Writers' Union. Pasternak was married to the Polish actress Ryszarda Hanin.
"Leon Pasternak was idealistic till the end, faithful till his last breath" said Ryszard Marek Gronski the well known Polish author and poet.
He died 14 November 1969 at Warsaw, Poland.
# Matthew Murphy (New York politician)

Matthew J. Murphy Jr. (1926 – May 17, 2001) was an American politician from Buffalo, New York. He served as a member of the New York State Assembly from 1974 1992. During his tenure, he served as chairman of the Committee on Tourism.
He is credited as the "father" of the "I Love New York" campaign.

## Family

Murphy's son John served as the radio play-by-play announcer for the Buffalo Bills from 2004-2022.
# Perillus

Perillus is a genus of predatory stink bugs in the family Pentatomidae. There are about seven described species in Perillus.

## Species

These seven species belong to the genus Perillus:
* Perillus bioculatus (Fabricius, 1775)$^{icgb}$ (two-spotted stink bug)
* Perillus circumcinctus Stal, 1862$^{icgb}$
* Perillus confluens (Herrich-schaeffer, 1839)$^{icgb}$
* Perillus exaptus (Say, 1825)$^{icgb}$
* Perillus lunatus Knight, 1952$^{icg}$
* Perillus splendidus (Uhler, 1861)$^{icgb}$
* Perillus strigipes (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1853)$^{icgb}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Manakala

Manakala is a town in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala state, India. It is located in Adoor Thaluk. Manakala is the hometown of the prominent film director Adoor Gopalakrishnan.

## Etymology

The name Manakala has an uncertain etymology. Manakala may stem from an imperfect Malayalam portmanteau fusing Manal ("Sand") and Kaala ("Land" or "Place"). Thus Manalkaala means place covered by sand. Most of Manakala is covered by sand.

## Education

Manakala is home to one of the best Engineering colleges, College of Engineering Adoor under Cochin University of Science and Technology and the students here have secured many University Ranks in the past years. One of the Government polytechnique Colleges is situated here.

## Temples

The Vishnu temple, Sreenarayanapuram Temple which is more than 200 years old is located here. The Shiva temple, Peringanadu Trichendamangalam Mahadeva Temple which is known for its 'Kettu Kazhcha' during the annual festival is located 2 km from Manakala.

## Churches

There are few Churches of prominence in this area. St. Marthsmooni Orthodox Syrian church, St. Thomas Marthomite Church, Six numbers of Church of South India churches, Bible College and related institutions of Sharon Pentecostal Mission are commendable establishments and contribution of Christian Community in this part.
* Faith Theological Seminary is the bible college of the Pentecostal church called Sharon Fellowship church. It was founded in 1970 under the leadership of Rev. Dr. T.G Koshy (Kunjumon Pastor) and Rev. Dr. P.G Jacob (Thankachan Pastor). They played a vital role in the establishment of the christian movement in Manakala and Adoor from 1960’s.

## Mannady Temple

Mannady Temple, which is known for Mudiyettam, and the place which has historical importance due to the Sacrifice of the Great Soldier, Travancore Diwan Veluthampy Dalava, who fought the British Raj, till his last breath, is just 6 km from here. The inhabitants of this village are dominated by Hindu community but there is a significant Christian population and a few Muslims.
# Galatro

Galatro (Greek: Γαλοτυριον, romanized: Galotyrion) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Reggio Calabria. As of 31 December 2004 it had a population of 2,077 and an area of 50.5 square kilometres (19.5 sq mi).
It borders the municipalities of Fabrizia, Feroleto della Chiesa, Giffone, Grotteria, Laureana di Borrello, Mammola, Maropati, and San Pietro di Caridà.
# Rolling Prairie, Indiana

Rolling Prairie is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Kankakee Township, LaPorte County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 562.

## History

The first cabin was built here in 1831 by Ezekiel Provolt. More settlers arrived, built cabins and named the settlement "Nauvoo". On November 26, 1853, the village was platted by J. W. Walker and named "Portland". The name of "Rolling Prairie", descriptive of the undulating terrain, was later adopted by one of the railroad companies operating through the town.
Rolling Prairie had a stop on the South Shore Line until 1994, when it was closed along with several other flag stops with low ridership.

## Geography

Rolling Prairie is located in northeastern LaPorte County in the northeast part of Kankakee Township. U.S. Route 20 passes through the southern side of the community, leading east 19 miles (31 km) to South Bend and west 15 miles (24 km) to Michigan City. Indiana State Road 2 passes just south of Rolling Prairie, leading southwest 7 miles (11 km) to La Porte, the county seat.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Rolling Prairie CDP has an area of 1.1 square miles (2.8 km$^2$), of which 0.02 square miles (0.04 km$^2$), or 1.39%, are water.

## Education

The school district is New Prairie United School Corporation. Rolling Prairie Elementary School occupies the building that was previously Rolling Prairie High School before the high school was merged with New Carlisle High School to form New Prairie High School. The elementary is one of three elementary schools in the New Prairie United School Corporation.
Rolling Prairie has a public library, a branch of the La Porte County Public Library.
# Sophronica richardmolardi

Sophronica richardmolardi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lepesme and Breuning in 1952.
# Pietro Bixio

Pietro Bixio (11 August 1875 – 26 July 1905) was an Italian track cyclist.
Pietro Bixio won the Italian professional sprint championship three times, in 1895, 1903 and 1904. In 1900 he raced during the Olympic Games in Paris at the Grand Prix de l’Exposition, a race for professionals for 15.000 French Francs, the biggest prize purse in the world at the time. Bixio was eliminated in the semi-final. In the Grande Course de Nations team competition over 1500 meters (a kind of points race) he was third (teaming up with Gian Ferdinando Tomaselli and Giuseppe Singrossi).
At the 1902 UCI Track Cycling World Championships in Rome, Bixio won the bronze medal in the sprint tournament, becoming the first Italian to win a medal at the World Championships. In 1903 he was also third in the prestigious Grand Prix de Paris. Other wins include the Gran Premio d'Italia in 1895, the Gran Premio della U.V.I. in 1899 and the Groote Prijs van Antwerpen in 1903.
Bixio died in 1905, aged 29, from tuberculosis.

## Literature

* Volker Kluge: Olympische Sommerspiele. Die Chronik I. Athen 1896 – Berlin 1936. Sportverlag Berlin, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-328-00715-6, p. 72.
# Paul M. Viggiano

Paul M. Viggiano (born February 17, 1943) is an American politician who served in the New York State Assembly from the 62nd district from 1979 to 1982.
# Thomas J. Walsh (New York politician)

Thomas J. Walsh (c. 1892 – October 9, 1955) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Life

Walsh was a member of the New York State Senate (24th D.) from 1925 to 1928, sitting in the 148th, 149th, 150th and 151st New York State Legislatures.
He was District Attorney of Richmond County from 1932 to 1936; a Municipal Justice from 1937 to 1944; and a judge of the Richmond County Court from 1944 until his death in 1955.
He died on October 9, 1955, at his home at 1031 Gordon Street in Stapleton, Staten Island.
# Victor C. Waryas

Victor C. Waryas (February 28, 1915 – November 2, 1976) was an American politician who served in the New York State Assembly from 1965 to 1968.
He died on November 2, 1976, in Poughkeepsie, New York at age 61.
# William Wickham (New York politician)

William Wickham (August 11, 1871 – November 29, 1959) was an American farmer, businessman, and politician from New York.

## Life

Wickham was born on August 11, 1871, in Hector, New York, the son of Charles E. Wickham and Amelia Keep.
After attending public school, Wickham took a commercial course in Warner Business College in Elmira. He then returned home and worked as a farmer, leasing 151 acres from his father. Seven years later, he turned to merchandising and opened a store in 1899. In 1903, he was appointed postmaster of Hector. He was also manager of the New York & Pennsylvania Telephone office in Hector and president of the company that owned the local line between Hector and Logan. He later operated a large fruit, grain, and dairy farm in Hector.
In 1923, Wickham was elected to the New York State Assembly as a Republican, representing Schuyler County. He served in the Assembly in 1924 and 1925.
Wickham was a member of the Burdett Schuyler County Farm Bureau and the Freemasons. In 1892, he married Nellie Donnelly of Hector. Their son Don Wickham was the New York State Agriculture Commissioner.
Wickham moved to St. Petersburg, Florida, in 1952. He died at his home there on November 29, 1959. He was buried in the Hector Presbyterian Church Cemetery.
# Niboshi

Niboshi (煮干し), often called iriko (炒り子) in Western Japan, are small dried fish used in Japanese cuisine for making dashi (soup stock). They can also be eaten as snacks, or as a side dish. The types of fish used include anchovies, sardines, round herring, Pacific sand lance [ja] and others. Niboshi made of anchovies are the most common.

## Name

The word niboshi (煮干し) literally means "boiled" or "dried", and it does not include the specific name of the ingredient. For this reason, niboshi is translated both as "dried sardine" and "dried anchovy".
The translation of the term niboshi is an object of confusion among Japanese speakers, in terms of whether it is sardines or anchovies, because in Japanese, both sardine and anchovy are referred to as iwashi (イワシ).

## Usage

In Japan, niboshi dashi is one of the more common forms of dashi. It is especially popular as the base stock when making miso soup. Niboshi dashi is made by soaking niboshi in plain water. If left overnight or brought nearly to a boil, the flavor of niboshi permeates the water to make the stock.
Niboshi are also cooked and served as snacks. They are eaten as one of the symbolic foods during the Japanese New Year, referred to as osechi. Tazukuri (fried sweet and savory sardines) are made by frying the dried sardines and then adding a mixture of soy sauce, sugar, mirin, and roasted white sesame seeds.

## Gallery

* Tazukuri, dried and candied Japanese anchovy
* Ramen made with niboshi stock
* Called iriko in Hawaii, where Japanese immigrants were mostly from Western Japan
# Lerdista Uprising of 1878

The Lerdista Uprising of 1878 was a military uprising between the Government of General Porfirio Díaz against the Lerdista Group supporters commanded by General Mariano Escobedo and Lorenzo Garza.
In the first months of 1878, there were some seditious movements in favor of the Lerdista cause and a force led by General Mariano Escobedo appeared on the northern border. From May 18, 1878, he spoke out from his exile in New York and carried out a military uprising that broke out on July 19.

## Background

General Díaz organized his forces in Oaxaca, and the government declared a state of siege in many states of the republic, sending General Mariano Escobedo to Tamaulipas and Nuevo León, General José Cevallos Cepeda to Jalisco and reinforcing General Ignacio Alatorre in Puebla and Veracruz, the presidential elections continued their course, since Lerdo, at the instigation of his supporters, had accepted reelection, even after the Plan of Tuxtepec called for non-reelection as its first demand.
After the reform of the Lerdista cabinet, General Díaz advanced with his army towards the East, when the Iglesista Revolution broke out. General Ignacio Alatorre, who was in talks with the Iglesistas, was defeated in the Battle of Tecoac upon the arrival of General Manuel Gonzales's division, which came to the aid of General Díaz, leaving his artillery, ammunition and other war elements in the hands of the Tuxtepecan forces, as well as a large number of prisoners.
When the news of the defeat reached the capital, panic seized the Government, and on November 20, Lerdo left Mexico City heading for Michoacán, accompanied by his ministers Mariano Escobedo, Romero Rubio, Baz and Mejía, leaving the city in the charge of the head of the garrison, General Francisco Loaeza and Protasio Tagle, a Porfirista supporter.
Díaz entered the capital on November 24, 1876, and his army forces arrived on the 26th. As for Lerdo, after passing through southern Michoacán and the State of Guerrero, he embarked from Acapulco for the United States .

## Aftermath

The uprising failed, as most of the federal army remained loyal to Porfirio Díaz. This military failure initiated the disintegration of the Lerdista group. Escobedo, who had pronounced out in Guerrero, Coahuila, was apprehended on July 29, 1878, in Cuatrociénegas and Díaz spared his life, The Lerdista General Lorenzo Garza was later defeated in Matamoros by the Federal Army.
General Palacios, who also rebelled against Porfirio Díaz in favor of the Lerdista cause up in Zacatecas for a short time later, had to surrender, so Escobedo, Palacios and Garza were taken prisoner and taken to Mexico City to be imprisoned in the fortress of Santiago Tlatelolco, from where they were released after a few months.