OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dihydroxyanthraquinone

A dihydroxyanthraquinone is any of several isomeric organic compounds with formula (C$_{12}$H$_6$(OH)$_2$)(CO)$_2$, formally derived from 9,10-anthraquinone by replacing two hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl groups. Dihyroxyantraquinones have been studied since the early 1900s, and include some compounds of historical and current importance. The isomers differ in the position of the hydroxyl groups, and of the carbonyl oxygens (=O) of the underlying anthraquinone.

## Isomers
### From 9,10-anthraquinone

The unqualified term "dihydroxyanthraquinone" usually means a hydroxy derivative of 9,10-anthraquinone. The dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone functional group occurs widely in natural products, and is an important feature of the anthracycline antitumour antibiotics. In particular, 1,8-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone is the precursor for the important topical antipsoriatic drug anthralin, 1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrone,
There are 28 ways of choosing two of the 8 possible hydrogens, but because of the four-fold symmetry of the 9,10-anthraquinone core there are only 10 distinct isomers.
* 1,2-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (alizarin)
* 1,3-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (purpuroxanthin, xanthopurpurin)
* 1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (quinizarin)
* 1,5-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (anthrarufin)
* 1,6-Dihydroxyanthraquinone
* 1,7-Dihydroxyanthraquinone
* 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (dantron, chrysazin)
* 2,3-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (histazarin)
* 2,6-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (anthraflavic acid)
* 2,7-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (isoanthraflavic acid)

### From other anthraquinones

There are also many dihydroxy derivatives of other anthraquinones, such as 1,2-anthraquinone, 1,4-anthraquinone, and 2,6-anthraquinone.
# Charles Adams Mosher

Charles Adams Mosher (May 7, 1906 – November 16, 1984) was an American newspaperman and politician who served eight terms as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio from 1961 to 1977.

## Early life and career

Charles Adams Mosher was born in Sandwich, Illinois. He graduated from Sandwich High School, and Oberlin College in 1928. He was employed on daily newspapers in Aurora, Illinois, and Janesville, Wisconsin, from 1929 to 1940. He was president and manager of the Oberlin Printing Company and editor-publisher of the Oberlin News-Tribune, 1940-1961. He was vice chairman of Oberlin City Council, 1945-1951.

### State legislature

He was a member of the Ohio State Senate from 1951 to 1960, a member of Ohio Legislative Service Commission from 1947 to 1959, and vice chairman of the Ohio School Survey Commission from 1954 to 1955. He was a delegate to the White House Conference on Education in 1955, director of the Oberlin Improvement and Development Corporation and a member of Presidential Commission on Marine Science, Engineering and Resources, 1967-1969.
In 1961 he was listed as being on the Committee on Science and Astronautics. Chaired by Overton Brooks, and therefore a contributor to what has now become popularly known as the 'Brookings Report' (1961). The report dealt with the long term implications for American Society of Space Exploration.

## Congress

Mosher was elected as a Republican to the Eighty-seventh and to the seven succeeding Congresses. He was not a candidate for re-election in 1976 to the Ninety-fifth Congress.
Mosher voted in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Medicare program for the elderly, the Civil Rights Act of 1968, and alongside fellow Republicans Seymour Halpern, F. Bradford Morse and Ogden Reid, co-sponsored the Health Security Act of 1971, a bipartisan bill that advocated the creation of a government health program that would have covered every person in America. In 1971, Mosher became Ranking Member of the House Science Committee after incumbent Ranking Member James G. Fulton passed away.

## Later career and death

In 1977, he was elected to the Common Cause National Governing Board. He was the executive director of the House Science and Technology Committee in Washington, D.C., September 1977 – 1979. He was a fellow of the Woodrow Wilson Center at the Smithsonian Institution in 1980. He received his M.A. from Oberlin College in 1982. He was a resident of Oberlin, Ohio, until his death on November 16, 1984, at the age of 78.
# Kidd the Pirate

"Kidd the Pirate" is a short story by the American author Washington Irving, based on legends of Captain William Kidd. The story was published in Tales of a Traveller, an 1824 collection of Irving's writings, where it immediately precedes that work's most famous story "The Devil and Tom Walker", which also involves Kidd's treasure.

## Synopsis

The story begins "In old times, just after the territory of the New Netherlands had been wrested from the hands of their High Mightinesses, the Lords States General of Holland, by King Charles the Second". This "unquiet state" is said to have led to an increase in adventurers, buccaneers, pirates, and privateers.

### Outline of Kidd's life

Captain Kidd is employed to "put a stop" to piracy, under the logic of "setting a rogue to catch a rogue". He sets sail, first for New York, and later for the East. There he "turned pirate himself" and plunders in the "Madeiras, to Bonavista, and Madagascar, and … the entrance of the Red Sea".
Kidd returns to Boston, "laden with booty". Learning that he was to be arrested, Kidd buried "the greater part of his treasures". Once arrested, Kidd is returned to England and executed by hanging. This action is said to "spread sudden consternation among the buccaneers in every part of the provinces”, who likewise "secreted their money and jewels in lonely out-of-the-way places".

### Rise of Money-Diggers

Irving writes that reports of "buried great treasures of gold and jewels ... set the brains of all the good people along the coast in a ferment." There are "rumours on rumours" of recovered treasure, including coins with Moorish inscriptions which "the common people looked on with superstitious awe, regarding the Moorish letters as diabolical or magical characters".
Irving writes of many stories of treasure hunts, noting that "in all the stories ... the devil played a conspicuous part". In some cases, "he was conciliated by ceremonies and invocations". Nonetheless, the devil often plays "some slippery trick". Irving records that "Some would dig so far as to come to an iron chest" only to fall victim to some "baffling circumstance", as when "the earth would fall in and fill up the pit, or some direful noise or apparition would frighten the party from the place".

### A rusted pistol

The remainder of the story provides a bridge to the next story, "The Devil and Tom Walker". Irving writes of "one calm day in the latter part of the summer" when he and others were fishing. One of this party recovers "a long pistol of very curious and outlandish fashion". One man speculated that the pistol was "a relique of the buccaneers of old times" that may have "belonged to Kidd himself".
This inspires one of the party to recount "a story about a fellow who once dug up Kidd's buried money". This story is included in the following chapter under the title "The Devil and Tom Walker".

## Influence

This story, along with several of Irving's others, was influential in American folklore tales of Pirates and buried treasure.
# A Voyage to the South Sea, and Round the World

A Voyage to the South Sea, and Round the World is a 1712 book by Edward Cooke, about a real-life circumnavigation of the Earth in two ships, under the command of Woodes Rogers. It is notable for including a firsthand account of castaway Alexander Selkirk, whose tale appears to have helped inspire Daniel Defoe to write his 1719 novel, Robinson Crusoe.

## Contents

In 1708, two ships set sail from Bristol under command of Woodes Rogers. These were the Duke of Bristol and Dutchess of Bristol. These ships circled the world, trading goods from Europe for goods from various places in the Southern Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and other seas circling the Southern Hemisphere.
Once the journey was over, sailor Edward Cooke (not to be confused with the later Captain Cooke) wrote up an account, in two volumes, that was printed the next year. In it were updated maps, including of the Amazon River, and An Account is given of Mr. Alexander Selkirk, about a man who had been marooned on the uninhabited island of "Más a Tierra" (renamed Robinson Crusoe Island in 1966), for four years and it covered his manner of living being adept at hunting, taming wild beasts and making use of the resources available. Selkirk's story is the inspiration for the 1719 novel, Robinson Crusoe.
This book also covers other topics of interest. Among these are their own privateering (pirating), the expedition of ships capturing many other vessels ostensibly from targets of the English crown, and an early documentation of the Galápagos Islands later made famous by Charles Darwin's The Voyage of the Beagle.
Woodes Rogers wrote his own account, A Cruising Voyage Round the World since narratives of voyages were popular reading material at the time.

## Blackbeard's Queen Anne's Revenge

In June of 1718, Queen Anne's Revenge — the ship of famous pirate Blackbeard — ran aground on a sandbar at Beaufort Inlet off the coast of North Carolina and lost until rediscovered in 1996. On November 21, 1996 Intersal Inc., while working under permit from the state of North Carolina, discovered the wrecksite. Intersal, then handed over the wreck to the state of North Carolina in exchange for media and replica rights. As part of the artifact assemblage a breech chamber, likely originally associated with a breech-loading swivel gun, was recovered still loaded with powder and wadding used to make a seal around a tampion. Part of the wadding consisted of fragments of paper. Experts identified seven scraps of that paper as being pages from a copy of Cooke's A Voyage to the South Sea, and Round the World.
# Marguerite-D'Youville Regional County Municipality

Marguerite-D'Youville (French pronunciation:) is a regional county municipality located in the Montérégie region of southwestern Quebec, Canada. The seat is in Verchères.
The RCM was formerly named Lajemmerais Regional County Municipality, after Christophe du Frost de Lajemmerais, the father of Marguerite d'Youville. On February 12, 2011, the name was changed to honour d'Youville directly. However, Statistics Canada retained the name "Lajemmerais" for the 2011 census because the name change came after its reference date of January 1, 2011. Since the 2016 census, the name has correctly been displayed as "Marguerite-D'Youville."

## Subdivisions

There are 6 subdivisions within the RCM:

### Former municipalities

* Boucherville (now part of the Urban agglomeration of Longueuil)

## Demographics
### Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1991 | 85,720 | — |
| 1996 | 95,618 | +11.5% |
| 2001 | 100,263 | +4.9% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2001A | 64,010 | −36.2% |
| 2006 | 69,881 | +9.2% |
| 2011 | 74,416 | +6.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2016 | 77,550 | +4.2% |
| 2021 | 80,313 | +3.6% |
(A) adjustment due to boundary change. :

### Language

Canada Census Mother Tongue - Marguerite-D'Youville Regional County Municipality, Quebec :
| Census | Total | French | French | French | English | English | English | French & English | French & English | French & English | Other | Other | Other |
| Year | Responses | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % |
| 2021 | 79,570 | 74,245 | 0.9% | 93.3% | 1,225 | 11.9% | 1.5% | 790 | 10.5% | 1.0% | 2,730 | 46.0% | 3.4% |
| 2016 | 77,295 | 73,615 | 3.5% | 95.2% | 1,095 | 4.3% | 1.4% | 715 | 83.4% | 0.9% | 1,870 | 32.15% | 2.4% |
| 2011 | 74,070 | 71,120 | 6.2% | 96.0% | 1,145 | 18.0% | 1.5% | 390 | 136.4% | 0.5% | 1,415 | 2.9% | 1.9% |
| 2006 | 69,485 | 66,975 | 29.8% | 96.4% | 970 | 44.7% | 1.4% | 165 | 67.3% | 0.2% | 1,375 | 16.9% | 2.0% |
| 2001 | 99,385 | 95,470 | 3.7% | 96.1% | 1,755 | 2.2% | 1.8% | 505 | 31.2% | 0.5% | 1,655 | 271.9% | 1.7% |
| 1996 | 94,720 | 92,095 | n/a | 97.2% | 1,795 | n/a | 1.9% | 385 | n/a | 0.4% | 445 | n/a | 0.5% |

## Transportation
### Access Routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the municipality, including external routes that start or finish at the county border:
# Rouville Regional County Municipality

Rouville (French pronunciation:) is a regional county municipality in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is Marieville.

## Subdivisions

There are 8 subdivisions within the RCM:

## Demographics
### Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1991 | 31,444 | — |
| 1996 | 33,090 | +5.2% |
| 1996A | 30,177 | −8.8% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2001 | 29,980 | −0.7% |
| 2006 | 31,365 | +4.6% |
| 2011 | 35,690 | +13.8% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2016 | 36,536 | +2.4% |
(A) adjustment to reflect boundary change. :

### Language

Canada Census Mother Tongue - Rouville Regional County Municipality, Quebec :
| Census | Total | French | French | French | English | English | English | French & English | French & English | French & English | Other | Other | Other |
| Year | Responses | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % |
| 2016 | 35,880 | 34,380 | 1.9% | 95.8% | 660 | 1.5% | 1.8% | 190 | 0% | 0.5% | 650 | 51.2% | 1.8% |
| 2011 | 35,055 | 33,755 | 13.8% | 96.29% | 650 | 12.1% | 1.86% | 190 | 90.0% | 0.54% | 460 | 2.1% | 1.31% |
| 2006 | 30,820 | 29,670 | 3.9% | 96.27% | 580 | 14.9% | 1.88% | 100 | 41.2% | 0.32% | 470 | 88.0% | 1.53% |
| 2001 | 29,490 | 28,565 | 9.9% | 96.86% | 505 | 1.0% | 1.71% | 170 | 0% | 0.58% | 250 | 15.3% | 0.85% |
| 1996 | 32,685 | 31,720 | n/a | 97.05% | 500 | n/a | 1.53% | 170 | n/a | 0.52% | 295 | n/a | 0.90% |

## Transportation
### Access Routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the municipality, including external routes that start or finish at the county border:
# Marie Babka

Marie H. Babka (née Kubu; 1885 – 1978) was a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives from Cuyahoga County. She served the House from 1948 to 1950 and was a member of the Electoral College in 1948. She was the wife of John J. Babka.
# John Bechtold

John A. Bechtold (September 2, 1924 – September 6, 1978) was a Republican Ohio politician who served in the Ohio General Assembly. An attorney, Bechtold initially won a seat in the Ohio House of Representatives in 1966, following the 1965 Voting Rights Act's allocation of districts in Ohio. Winning reelection in 1968 and 1970, Bechtold had aspirations to succeed Charles Kurfess at the Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives.
In 1972, redistricting weakened Bechtold's chances for reelection, and he was challenged for the nomination by Helen Fix. While it looked initially like Bechtold had secured the nomination, a recount declared Fix the winner by one vote. As a result, Bechtold's time in the legislature ended after three terms.
Following his time in the House, he returned to Cincinnati and private practice. He died on September 6, 1978, of a heart attack.
# Michael Deering

Michael Frank Deering (born 1956) is a computer scientist, a former chief engineer for Sun Microsystems in Mountain View, California, and a widely recognized expert on artificial intelligence, computer vision, 3D graphics hardware/software, very-large-scale integration (VLSI) design and virtual reality. Deering oversaw Sun's 3D graphics technical strategy as the chief hardware graphics architect and is a co-architect of the Java 3D API, developing Java platform software. He is the inventor of deferred shading, inventor of Geometry compression, co-inventor of 3D-RAM, and the chief architect for a number of Sun's 3D graphics hardware accelerators. Many of his inventions have been patented.
Deering's research endeavors have included development of correct perspective viewing equations, correcting for the optics of both human eyeballs and glass cathode ray tubes, predictive head trackers and other virtual reality interface hardware.
Deering has published articles on computer graphics architectures, virtual reality systems, and 3D interface technologies.

## Education and early career

In 1978, Deering received his bachelor's degree, and in 1981 his PhD, in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley, and is an alumnus of the Berkeley Artificial Intelligence Research (BAIR) Computer Science Division, UC Berkeley.
Prior to his tenure with Sun, Deering worked for Schlumberger Laboratories in Palo Alto, California, engaged in graphics and imaging research.

## Published works

* 2002 'The SAGE graphics architecture', Michael Deering, David Naegle, ACM Transactions on Graphics, Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques SIGGRAPH '02, volume 21, no 3, ACM Press
* 2000 The Java 3d API Specification with Cdrom, Henry Sowizral, Kevin Rushforth, Michael Deering, Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co.
* 1998 "Introduction to Programming with Java 3D", Henry Sowizral, Dave Nadeau, Michael Deering, Mike Bailey, Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, SIGGRAPH '98, ACM Press
* 1995 "Geometry compression", Michael Deering, Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, SIGGRAPH '95, vol 29, p 13-20, ACM Press, ISBN 0-89791-701-4
* 1992 "High resolution virtual reality", Michael Deering, Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques SIGGRAPH '92, vol 26, no 2, p 195-202, ACM Press
* 1988 "The triangle processor and normal vector shader: a VLSI system for high performance graphics", Michael Deering, Stephanie Winner, Bic Schediwy, Chris Duffy, Neil Hunt, Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, SIGGRAPH '88, vol 22, no 4, p 21-30, ACM Press
* 1986 Database Support for Storage of AI Reasoning Knowledge. In Expert Database Systems, M. Deering, J. Faletti, Benjamin Cummings (publisher)
# Ferme-Neuve

Ferme-Neuve (French pronunciation:, lit. 'New Farm') is a municipality part of the Antoine-Labelle Regional County Municipality, in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada. It is the largest incorporated municipality of the Laurentides region.
The village is located on the shores of the Lièvre River and Journalists Lake, and along Quebec Route 309, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Mont-Laurier.

## History

In the 19th century, the area began attracting loggers because of its rich red and white pine stands. In 1850, the James MacLaren logging company built a large tree farm called "La Ferme de la Montagne" that was used as a supply camp for loggers. It was sold in 1888 to Cyrille Lafontaine and inhabited by his son Léonard who became the first settler and farmer of Ferme-Neuve. In 1898, the Ferme-Neuve Post Office opened.
In 1902, a group of 8 Montreal journalists, under direction from Lomer Gouin, Minister of Colonization, built a model farm in order to attract more settlers. They also launched a public subscription to build a school. In recognition, the lake adjacent to the settlement was called Lac des Journalistes ("Lake of Journalists").
Also in 1902, the United Township Municipality of Würtele-Moreau-et-Gravel was formed, with Toussaint Cloutier as first mayor. In 1917, the Ferme-Neuve settlement separated from the united township and became an incorporated village, with Henri Berthiaume as its first mayor. In 1930, the United Township Municipality of Würtele-Moreau-et-Gravel changed statutes and was renamed to the Parish Municipality of Ferme-Neuve.
On December 24, 1997, both entities were merged again into the new Municipality of Ferme-Neuve.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1976 | 2,938 | — |
| 1981 | 3,118 | +6.1% |
| 1986 | 3,025 | −3.0% |
| 1991 | 3,174 | +4.9% |
| 1996 | 3,091 | −2.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2001 | 2,947 | −4.7% |
| 2006 | 3,006 | +2.0% |
| 2011 | 2,822 | −6.1% |
| 2016 | 2,706 | −4.1% |
| 2021 | 2,716 | +0.4% |
Population amounts prior to 1997 are total of Ferme-Neuve (Village) and Ferme-Neuve (Parish). Source: Statistics Canada :
Population trend (prior to amalgamation):
* Population in 1996:
** Parish of Ferme-Neuve: 913
** Village of Ferme-Neuve: 2178
* Population in 1991:
** Parish of Ferme-Neuve: 907
** Village of Ferme-Neuve: 2267
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 1,276 (total dwellings: 1,453)
Mother tongue:
* English as first language: 0.8%
* French as first language: 98.8%
* English and French as first language: 0%
* Other as first language: 0.4%

## Local government

List of former mayors:
* Sylvain Leduc (...–2005)
* Claude Dufour (2005–2009)
* Gilbert Pilote (2009–2021)
* Diane Sirard (2021–present)
# Meyer Löw Schomberg

Meyer Löw Schomberg (1690 – 4 March 1761) was a German physician who moved to London and had a successful business there.

## Life

His father, Löw Schomberg, was a physician in Meyer's birthplace and Meyer (probably Löw's eldest son) followed his father's trade, studying classics, then (like his brothers, Salomon, Hertz, and Gerson) medicine, at the University of Giessen. Completing his MD degree in 1710, Meyer had practises in Schweinsberg, Blankenstein, and then Metz, but then moved to London and settled there in 1721. His first employment in London was a salary of £30 a year from the wardens of the Great Synagogue to look after the poor. The Royal College of Physicians admitted him as a licentiate on 19 March 1722 (giving his word and his bond, he was allowed to put off paying the £20 fee for that honour), on 12 January 1726 he became a fellow of the Royal Society, and finally in 1730 he was admitted to the freemasons' lodge of the Premier Grand Lodge of England at the Swan and Rummer, Finch Lane (serving as its grand steward in 1734).
By 1740 his professional income was said to be 4000 guineas a year, having established a successful practice (Sir William Browne attributed this to his offers of friendship and hospitality to young surgeons). He was, however, greatly envious of his contemporary, Jacob de Castro Sarmento, making a failed attempt to sabotage Sarmento's election to the Royal Society in 1729 by blackening his name, and in 1738 publicly denounced Sarmento's prescription of an opiate to Benjamin Mendes da Costa, one of Schomberg's former patients, in Janneway's Coffee House. Sarmento complained of the latter event to the censors of the Royal College of Physicians, but their fine of £4 against Schomberg for breaching their moral statutes only led Meyer embarking on a feud against the College via his son Isaac. Becoming alienated from London's Jewish community in general and Sarmento and his allies in particular (explained in Schomberg's unpublished 1746 essay, Emunat omen, or ‘A physician's faith’, written in classical Hebrew, and involving his conversion to deism), he also got increasingly entangled in one expensive lawsuit after another. He also rejected the Jewish community by – after 1742 – encouraging his sons to become Anglican Christians if that would aid them in the liberal professions for which he had had them educated.
On his death, Meyer was buried in Hackney churchyard.

## Family

Schomberg had at least seven sons and one daughter:
* Isaac, physician, with Alexander left all but 3s. of their father's estate in his will
* Ralph or Raphael, Isaac's twin, physician and public notary, left 1s. in his father's will
* Joel, physician, practising in Metz and Thann.
* Moses (1720–1779), public notary
* Solomon (1724–1774), public notary, left 1s. in his father's will
* Rebecca (1719–1742), died young.
* Alexander (1720–1804), Royal Navy captain, with Isaac left all but 3s. of their father's estate in his will
* Henry Schomberg, purchased an army commission, reached the rank of lieutenant-colonel, left 1s. in his father's will