OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Claudia Lee

Claudia Lee (born Claudia Lee Mirkowski) is an American actress and singer who is best known for her roles as Magnolia Breeland on Hart of Dixie, as Bridget on Zeke and Luther, and as Whitney in The Outcasts.

## Early life

Lee was born Claudia Lee Mirkowski in Lafayette, Indiana, to Denise and Klaudius Mirkowski. At the age of 3, her parents enrolled her in dance classes, where she studied ballet, jazz and tap-dancing for 10 years. When she was 8 years old, Lee expressed a desire to learn her father’s native language, Polish, so her parents sent her to school in Poznań, Poland for one month every summer for five years. Claudia also has an older brother with whom she shares a "great bond" and influences her characters.
Long interested in music, Lee began taking piano lessons when she was 10. At age 13, she attended the School of Creative and Performing Arts (SOCAPA) summer camp in Vermont. There, her roommate introduced Lee to an agent from Hollywood who was instrumental in bringing her to Los Angeles.

## Career
### Acting

Lee and her family arrived in Hollywood in January 2010. Within her first few weeks, Lee landed a role in a national TV commercial for Comcast with actor Zachary Levi (Chuck, Less Than Perfect). She was then cast in a short film, The Circus Girl, as Elizaveta, a young Russian villain who is traveling with a struggling circus family.
Following The Circus Girl, Lee went on to television series Zeke and Luther and Hart of Dixie. In August 2012, Lee was cast in the Universal Studios film Kick-Ass 2, which was based on the second volume of the Kick-Ass comic book series by Mark Millar and John Romita, Jr. The film, directed by Jeff Wadlow, was released in August 2013.
In 2014, Lee appeared in the Fox comedy series Surviving Jack.

### Singing

In 2010 Lee began working with music producer Max DiCarlo. In November of that year, Lee released her first song and music video, "It Gets Better", inspired by a national campaign aimed at stopping bullying. Lee's debut album, Here Right Now, was released in February 2012. "Hollywood Sunset", a song on the album, had previously been released in September 2011. The next two singles from the album, the country-rap song "3 Leaf Clover", and "Take My Hand" that Lee performed on Hart of Dixie, were released in 2012.

## Filmography

Film roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2010 | The Circus Girl | Elizaveta | Short film |
| 2013 | Kick-Ass 2 | Brooke | |
| 2015 | The Girl in the Photographs | Colleen | |
| 2017 | The Outcasts | Whitney | |
| 2018 | Haunting on Fraternity Row | Liza | |
| 2021 | Wild Indian | Rebecca | |
| 2021 | Send It! | Sky | |
Television roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2011 | Zeke and Luther | Bridget | 4 episodes |
| 2011–2015 | Hart of Dixie | Magnolia Breeland | Recurring role, 29 episodes |
| 2014 | Surviving Jack | Rachel | Recurring role, 7 episodes |
| 2016 | Girl Meets World | Francesca | Episodes: "Girl Meets High School: Parts One and Two" |
| 2018 | Famous in Love | Billy | Recurring role (season 2) |
# Joseph P. Dando

Joseph Parker Dando (January 14, 1883 – December 6, 1954) was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1937 to 1940.
Dando was born in the Llewellyn, Butler Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, son of Isaac Dando (1839-1899) and Margaret A. (Fisher) Dando (1846-1920). He was employed as a coal mine slate picker at age eleven, and had a 23-year career in mines, working his way up to mine superintendent and, eventually, operator. He was a member of the United Mine Workers of America.
Dando married Anna R. James (1882-1964) on October 25, 1904. The couple had seven children.
Dando, because he worked as a youngster in the mining industry, was unable to achieve much education, attending only the public schools. He was quoted as saying “you graduated when you reached the fifth grade” in a reference to the young boys working as slate pickers and at other jobs in the mining industry. This did not prevent Dando from a long history of public service, including as Tax Receiver of Schuylkill County, County Engineer and becoming a member of the School Board in Llewellyn for over 12 years.
He was elected to the Senate as a supporter of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal politics as he defeated the incumbent Charles W. Staudenmeier, who vehemently opposed New Deal policies. He was the first Democratic Senator from this District in the 20th century. In 1939, however, Dando was convicted of misusing WPA labor at his private amusement park in Llewellyn and fined in lieu of a jail term. This led to the election of Republican G. Harold Watkins in 1940.
Dando died in Pottsville, Pennsylvania on December 6, 1954.
# Westley

Westley may refer to:

## People

* Westley Allan Dodd (1961–1993), American serial killer
* Westley Sissel Unseld (1946–2020), American professional basketball player, coach and executive
* William Westley Guth (1871–1929), American attorney, Methodist minister, and academic
* William Westley Richards (1789–1865), British firearms manufacturer
* David Westley (born 1974), former professional rugby league footballer
* John Westley (b. 1927), American biochemist
* Tom Westley (born 1989), English professional cricketer
* Westley Moore (born 1978), American politician, banker, and author

## Places

* Westley Waterless, a small village and civil parish in East Cambridgeshire, England
* Westley, California, a census-designated place in Stanislaus County, California
* Westley, Suffolk, a village and civil parish in the St Edmundsbury district of Suffolk in eastern England

## Fictional characters

* Westley, a character from the 1973 fantasy romance novel The Princess Bride by William Goldman and the 1987 film adaptation
# Coenzyme B

Coenzyme B is a coenzyme required for redox reactions in methanogens. The full chemical name of coenzyme B is 7-mercaptoheptanoylthreoninephosphate. The molecule contains a thiol, which is its principal site of reaction.
Coenzyme B reacts with 2-methylthioethanesulfonate (methyl-Coenzyme M, abbreviated CH $_3$–S–CoM), to release methane in methanogenesis:
    CH $_3$–S–CoM + HS–CoB → CH $_4$ + CoB–S–S–CoM
This conversion is catalyzed by the enzyme methyl coenzyme M reductase, which contains cofactor F430 as the prosthetic group.
A related conversion that utilizes both HS-CoB and HS-CoM is the reduction of fumarate to succinate, catalyzed by fumarate reductase:
    HS–CoM + HS–CoB + $^−$O $_2$CCH=CHCO$^−$ $_2$ → $^−$O $_2$CCH $_2$–CH $_2$CO$^−$ $_2$ + CoB–S–S–CoM

## Importance of coenzyme B in methanogenesis

Coenzyme B is an important component in the terminal step of methane biogenesis. It acts as a two electron-donor to reduce coenzyme M (methyl-coenzyme) into two molecules a methane and a heterodisulfide. Two separate experiments that were performed, one with coenzyme B and other without coenzyme B, indicated that using coenzyme B before the formation of the methane molecule, results in a more efficient and consistent bond cleavage.
# List of ski areas and resorts in North America

This is a list of ski areas and resorts in North America.

## Greenland (Denmark)

* See footnote

## Mexico

* Monterreal
# Andon Dimitrov

Andon Dimitrov (Bulgarian and Macedonian: Андон Димитров; January 1867 – 13 March 1933) was a Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary. He was among the founders of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO).

## Biography

Dimitrov was born to a rich Bulgarian family in the village of Ajvatovo (now a part of the municipality of Mygdonia, at the time in the Ottoman Empire). He graduated from the Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki in 1889 and then he studied law in Istanbul. He wasn't able to complete his studies due to a disease. He returned to Thessaloniki and taught Turkish in his old high school from 1892 to 1897. He also taught Bulgarian in the local Turkish gymnasium.
On 23 October 1893 Dimitrov, together with Hristo Tatarchev, Dame Gruev, Ivan Hadzhinikolov, Petar Poparsov and Hristo Batandzhiev founded what is commonly known as the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization. Andon Dimitrov was a member of the organization's central committee from its very beginning; he was re-elected in 1896.
After 1897 Dimitrov got a teaching position in Bitola in 1897. In 1899 he continued his law education in University of Liège and graduated in 1901. He returned to Bitola in November 1901 and started a career as a lawyer, while at the same time continuing his participation in the leadership of IMRO. In November 1903, Andonov was appointed a principal of all Bulgarian schools in Prilep. Andonov continued his career in law in 1904, when he was voted a judge in the Bitola appellate court. After the Young Turk Revolution he participated in the creation of the Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs political party, being chosen as its leader in its inauguration congress.
Andon Dimitrov moved to Bulgaria in 1913 and started to work in Ministry of Justice, and later in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Religious Denominations. Later, he taught Turkish at the Bulgarian Commerce school in Istanbul. Dimitrov, suffering from a serious illness, died by suicide on March 13, 1933, in Sofia.
# Jossias Macamo

Jossias Macamo is a retired footballer from Mozambique. Following his playing career, he became involved with the CD Costa do Sol management team and also served as an Under-14 coach.

## Playing career

Macamo joined Kaizer Chiefs and wore the number 23 jersey, a number previously associated with Siyabonga Nomvethe until 2001. He made his debut during the Vodacom Challenge, scoring three goals in his initial three matches, and continued his strong performance with five goals in five subsequent games. Macamo formed a partnership with Lucky Maselesele and played a pivotal role in leading the team to the semi-finals of the BP Top 8 tournament, contributing a goal against Ria Stars. Notably, he was known for his unique goal celebration involving written messages. Macamo considers his time with the club to be the highlight of his career. During his tenure, he showcased prowess in aerial play as a left-footed player.

## International career

While with Kaizer Chiefs, Macamo received a call-up to represent Mozambique in the 2002 COSAFA Cup. In 2003, he was again summoned to play in a qualifier against Burkina Faso for the Africa Cup of Nations, a biennial international football competition.

## Honors

Macamo's accomplishments include:
* Winning the Vodacom Challenge in 2001.
* Securing the BP Top 8 title in 2001.
* Achieving victory in the Moçambola league in 2007.
* Capturing the Mozambique Cup in 2007.
# Juan Cobo

Juan Cobo OP (Chinese: 嗃呣𠿢; pinyin: Gāomǔ Xiàn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kobó Soān) (ca. 1546–1592) was a Spanish Dominican missionary, diplomat, astronomer and sinologist.
Cobo was born in Alcázar de San Juan. After becoming a priest of the Dominican order, he traveled to Mexico in 1586 and later to Manila in 1588. He was assigned by King Philip II to bring Christianity to China along with Miguel de Benavides. He translated into Chinese several works by Seneca and the Catechism. Circa 1590, he also translated from Chinese into Spanish the work Mingxin baojian (明心寶鑑) compiled by Fan Liben 范立本 in 1393 under the title Espejo rico del claro corázón o Beng Sim Po Cam, which was never published. Fidel Villarroel said that “El Padre Cobo fue el primer europeo que consiguió traducir un libro chino, el Beng Sim Po Cam” (“Father Cobo was the first European who managed to translate a Chinese book, the Beng Sim Po Cam”). Yet, there is debate about which one was the first translation into a European language.
In addition to this translation of Rich Mirror of the Good Heart (1590), Cobo’s other contributions to Sino-Spanish production in the Philippines are the catechism Doctrina Christiana en letra y lengua china (Christian Doctrine) (1592-93), co-authored with Miguel de Benavides y Añoza; and the scientific theological text Bian zhengjiao zhenchuan shilu 辯正教真傳實錄 (Testimony of the True Religion), published in 1593, in Parian, the Chinese ghetto of Manila, under Cobo’s name in Chinese, 嗃呣𠿢. This apology of Christianity is commonly known as Shilu and written in classical Chinese. Critics agree that Cobo could not have produced the Shilu without much help from educated Chinese. Who was the readership of the book is not clear. It has been said that perhaps the Shillu was not directed at the Chinese population of the Philippines who spoke another variety of Chinese, but rather was a propaganda tool of the Dominican Order in the Spanish court and among educated Chinese. The book contains an entire section on European geographical knowledge. That is why Cobo also "has the distinction of being the first to introduce European philosophy and science to China, at least in print."
He was sent to Japan by the governor of Manila and received by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He died in Taiwan when his boat sank during his return from Japan.
# Poem of the River

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Sounds | |
Poem of the River is the seventh album by English alternative rock band Felt, released in 1987.

## Track listing

All songs written by Lawrence.

## Personnel
### Felt

* Lawrence – vocals, electric guitar (track 5)
* Martin Duffy – Hammond organ
* Marco Thomas – bass guitar, electric guitar (track 2)
* Gary Ainge – drums

### Additional personnel

* Tony Willé – electric guitar (tracks 3–5), acoustic guitar (track 6)
* Neil Scott – electric guitar (tracks 3–6)
* Mayo Thompson – production
# César Oudin

César Oudin (c. 1560 – 1 October 1625) was a French Hispanist, translator, paremiologist, grammarian and lexicographer.
He translated into French La Galatea and the first part of Don Quixote.
He wrote a Grammaire espagnolle expliquée en Francois (1597) which, according to Amado Alonso, was the model for most grammars written later in other countries such as those by Heinrich Doergangk, Lorenzo Franciosini, Francisco Sobrino and Jerónimo de Texeda, among others.
His dictionary Tesoro de las dos lenguas francesa y española (1607) is based on literary texts and was later used by John Minsheu, Lorenzo Franciosini, John Stevens and other lexicographers; Girolamo Vittori expanded this dictionary with trilingual Tesoro from 1609, later plagiarized by Oudin in his Trésor of 1616.
# Sándor Csjef

Sándor Csjef (22 August 1950 – 20 March 2016) was a Hungarian amateur boxer. He won the gold medal in the welterweight division (– 67 kg) at the 1973 European Amateur Boxing Championships in Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
He died in a train accident near Monorierdő on 20 March 2016 at the age of 65.
# Capitão Poço

Capitão Poço is a municipality in the state of Pará in the Northern region of Brazil. Known as "Land of Orange" due to its large production of this fruit. The municipality exports orange and other fruits and spices for the international market. There are many rivers around the city.
Its colonization started in the 40s and getting the title of emancipation in 1961. Currently the city has great influence in the neighboring cities.
# Markus Johannesson

Markus Johannesson (born 29 May 1975) is a Swedish former football defender and football commentator.

## Career

Johannesson started his career at Rölanda IF, but moved on to Eds FF and IK Oddevold before he was signed by Örgryte IS in 1997. In 2004, Johannesson left Örgryte IS for Djurgårdens IF. He won The Double with Djurgården in 2005 and was also the captain of the team. He has been capped five times and scored one goal for the Sweden national team. He was later on the 2009 season on the bench for Kebba Ceesay. But later on he took back his place but then as a defensive midfielder where he used to play with Örgryte IS. Johannesson scored his first league goal for Djurgården in his last game against Kalmar FF, helping Djurgården to reach relegation round against Assyriska FF. Djurgården lost the first game away 2–0 but won at home in extra time, 3–0.
Johannesson retired from professional football after the 2009 season.
Since 2010, Johannesson works for SVT as football commentator.

## Career statistics
### International

Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Sweden | 2001 | 1 | 0 |
| Sweden | 2002 | 0 | 0 |
| Sweden | 2003 | 4 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 5 | 1 |
    Scores and results list Sweden's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Johannesson goal.
List of international goals scored by Markus Johannesson :
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition | Ref. |
| 1 | 22 February 2003 | National Stadium, Bangkok, Thailand | North Korea | 3–0 | 4–0 | 2003 King's Cup | |

## Honours
### Djurgårdens IF

* Allsvenskan: 2005
* Svenska Cupen : 2004, 2005
Individual
* Årets Järnkamin: 2009
# Teresa de Robles

Teresa de Robles (?–1726) was a Spanish stage actor, singer and theater director.
She was born to the actors Juan Luis de Robles and Ana de Escamilla (niece of Antonio de Escamilla), sister of Juan and Bartolomé de Robles and married actor Rosendo López Estrada in 1679.
She was engaged at the royal theatres in Madrid, Teatro de la Cruz oand Teatro del Príncipe, between 1679 and 1708. She served as director of the theatre in 1700–1701. She often performed for the royal court.
# Ron Stone (New Zealand footballer)

Ronald Halsey Stone (8 April 1913 – 4 September 2006) was an association football player who represented New Zealand at international level. Stone died in Christchurch on 4 September 2006 aged 93.
Stone played two official A-international matches for the New Zealand national team in 1933 against trans-Tasman neighbours Australia as part of a 13 match tour, the first a 4–6 loss on 17 June 1933, followed by a 2–4 loss on 24 June.
# Split tone

Split tones are a multiphonic effect on brass instruments. During normal play, the upper and lower lips will vibrate together at the same speed. If, however, the lips are set to vibrate at different speeds, two pitches may be perceived. When not done intentionally, split tones are referred to pejoratively as "double buzzing".

## Notation

In Keren by Iannis Xenakis, split tones are notated with two pitches sharing a stem. The lower note is in parentheses. Though the notation is not explained in the score, in another work from 1986, Jalons, Xenakis explains that the two notes should be produced with the lips and not with singing. Throughout Jalons, Xenakis uses split tones extensively in the woodwinds and trombone.

## Usage

Split tones can sound similar to a technique called growling, in which additional noise is produced from the throat while playing. The double buzz is distinctly different in that all noise and vibrations are initiated by the embouchure.
Liza Lim makes extensive use of split tones in Ehwaz for trumpet and percussion. In the preface to the score, she states that split tones "tend to be unstable and prone to distortion," and, "it is expected that a degree of fluctuation or 'fraying' will occur in most split tones and this should be regarded as part of the overall timbral quality of the trumpet part."

## Method

In a blog post for his Cologne-based ensemble musikFabrik, American trombonist Bruce Collings provided a basic method for producing split tones:
   In my experience, the best way to execute a split tone is to aim for the upper note, push the lower jaw a bit forwards and purse the lips a little more than normal. Out of the upper note a second, lower note should come out simultaneously. This note should be the next lower harmonic, so depending upon where you play it, it can be a different interval. F-B♭ in 1st position, F-C in F1 (or 6th position) or F-D♭ in F5 (V) position with the valve.

## Treatment

When split tones occur unintentionally, they are referred to as double buzzing. This phenomenon is widely understood to occur due to fatigue. David Hickman writes "In most cases, double buzzes occur because of sore or bruised lips. This causes the player to tilt the mouthpiece unconsciously at an abnormal angle to relieve pressure on the sore area. In these cases rest over several days is the best remedy."
A double buzz results from an uneven balance of pressure between the upper and lower lips. Tilting the horn either up or down will balance the pressure. Others suggest focusing on producing a clear tone on the mouthpiece only. It can be helpful to experiment with the double buzz and learn to produce it on demand. Learning to control it may help in learning to "turn it off" during regular playing.
A completely different approach, favored by pedagogue William Adam and others, is for a student to not pay any attention to the physical aspects of the phenomenon and focus only on producing a clear, focused sound on the instrument.
# István Csizmadia

István Csizmadia (born December 16, 1944) was a Hungarian sprint canoer who competed from the late 1960s to the mid-1970s. He won a bronze medal in the K-4 1000 m event at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.
Csizmadia also won two medals in the K-1 4 x 500 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a silver in 1973 and a bronze in 1970.
# Cantonese people in Hong Kong

Cantonese people represent the largest group in Hong Kong. The definition usually includes people whose ancestral homes are in Yue Chinese speaking regions of Guangdong province, specifically the guangfu (廣府) region, although sometimes Sze Yap people, the Hakka people or Teochew people (Chiu Chow/Teochew) may be included. Historic Hong Kong censuses distinguished people of Guangdong origin into Guangzhou and Macau, Sze Yap (Siyi), Chaozhou, and Hainan origins, as well as the Indigenous people of the New Territories.
When the population census was first conducted in 1881, it found only 3668 people, with over 95% percent of the population being from Guangdong Province.
Gregory Guldin describes a "Cantonese chauvinism" where the Cantonese are seen as superior to the other Chinese groups in Hong Kong.
In the first few post-war decades, there was an economic rivalry between the Cantonese and the minority Shanghainese. Cantonese could be said to be less willing to work with the British colonizers in their business dealings, and subsequently were less preferred to become representatives to the Legislative Council.

## Statistics
### 1961 Census data of Cantonese speakers by district

| Hong Kong Island | % | Kowloon | % | New Territories | % | Islands | % |
| Central | 90.5 | Tsim Sha Tsui | 69.7 | Tsuen Wan | 58.6 | - | 68.6 |
| Sheung Wan | 89.5 | Yau Ma Tei | 91.8 | Tsing Yi | 56.6 | | |
| West | 79.8 | Mong Kok | 87.2 | Ma Wan | 60.4 | | |
| Mid-levels/Pok Fu Lam | 77.2 | Kowloon City | 75.1 | North | 59.1 | | |
| Peak | 44.4 | Sham Shui Po | 80.2 | Sai Kung | 35.0 | | |
| Wan Chai | 91.2 | Kwun Tong | 61.7 | Sha Tin | 68.9 | | |
| Tai Hang | 81.3 | Wong Tai Sin | 68.0 | Tai Po | 48.8 | | |
| North Point | 74.9 | | | Tuen Mun | 66.5 | | |
| Shau Kei Wan | 86.2 | | | Yuen Long | 71.9 | | |
| Aberdeen | 87.9 | | | | | | |
| South | 72.5 | | | | | | |
Average: 78.98
Standard Deviation: 14.8
Coefficient of Variation: 0.21