OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Deckdisc

Deckdisc is a Brazilian record company that was founded in 1998.

## History

The Deckdisc officially began his career as a record label in 1998, with distribution from Universal Music. The first success was the series "O Som do Barzinho", which reached more than two million copies sold in its five volumes. It was founded by João Augusto, a journalist and producer who was A&R at PolyGram and A&R, VP of EMI. At EMI, João Augusto worked with Mamonas Assassinas, Marisa Monte, Legião Urbana, Os Paralamas do Sucesso, Exaltasamba and many others. In 1999 Deckdisc brought back to the music scene the band Ultraje a Rigor with the launch of the album 18 Anos Sem Tirar! and in 2000 came the biggest hit of all, the launch of the debut album of Falamansa.
In November 2001, Deckdisc became the first Brazilian independent label to launch its own distribution in Rio de Janeiro.
It is also owned by Deckdisc, Editora Musical Deck that has about 6000 songs and released more than 3000 already recorded. Among its authors are big collectors copyright of Brazil, as Pitty, Eduardo Krieger, members of Falamansa, Ira!, Ultraje a Rigor, Sorriso Maroto, Dead Fish and Cachorro Grande. In 2007, Deck bought over 3000 copyrights of Abril Publishing, formerly music publishing arm of Abril Music, a defunct record label owned by Grupo Abril.

## Artists

* Pitty
* Perlla
* Strike
* Biquini Cavadão
* Ultraje a Rigor
* Wanda de Sah
* Shaaman
* Nação Zumbi
* Ratos de Porão
* Fernanda Takai
* Reação em Cadeia
* Black Alien
* Dead Fish
* Edson & Hudson
* Falamansa
* Grupo Revelação
* Ira!
* Maskavo
* Matanza
* Sorriso Maroto
* Zé Henrique & Gabriel
* Vivendo do Ócio
* Vespas Mandarinas
* Gang do Eletro
* Far from Alaska
* Banda Uó
* Isa Buzzi
# Alfred Buntin

Alfred J. Buntin (August 2, 1892 – February 2, 1953) was an American businessman and politician.

## Biography

Born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Buntin went to Cream Brick Business College and University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Buntin was in the real estate business and had advocated several causes. In 1929, Buntin served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. He supported United States Senator Robert Taft for president. Buntis was a member of the Milwaukee Fourth of July Commission and also ran for Milwaukee County supervisor and for the Milwaukee Common Council losing the elections. Buntin died of a heart attack at his home in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
# Johnny Ryan (hurler, born 1914)

Johnny Ryan (16 August 1914 – 5 January 1997) was an Irish sportsperson. He played hurling with his local club Moycarkey–Borris and was a member of the Tipperary senior inter-county team in the 1930s and 1940s. Ryan won an All-Ireland winners' medal with Tipp in 1937, as well as three Munster titles in 1937, 1941 and 1945.
# Puru (Vedic tribe)

The Poureai alias Purus were an Indo-Aryan tribal alliance or a confederation of tribes that existed between c. 1700–1400 BCE. There were several factions of Purus, one being the Bharatas. The Purus and the Bharatas were the two most prominent tribes in most of the Rigveda. The chief of tribe was called Rajan The Purus rallied many other groups against King Sudas of the Bharata, but were defeated in the Battle of the Ten Kings (RV 7.18, etc).

## Etymology

The name Puru is of possible Indo-Aryan origin.

## Rigveda

In Mandala 6, it is recalled that Purukutsa, chieftain of Purus, had destroyed autumnal forts in the Afghan mountains. In Mandala 4, it is stated that as a result of his Ashvamedha (Horse Sacrifice) with the horse Daurgaha, his son Trasadasyu was born.
In Mandala 4, Trasadasyu is the chieftain of the Purus. In addition to being the son of Purukutsa, Trasadasyu is also described as Gairikṣita, meaning descendant of Girikṣit. Trasadasyu lived on the western side of the Indus River (Sindhu) while Mandala 4 was being composed, but he also moved into the land of Seven Rivers and defeated the Anu-Druhyus and Yadu-Turvashas. He molded the conquered tribes and the Purus into the Pancha-janah (Five Peoples). To celebrate his victory he conducted an Ashvamedha with his horse, Dadhrikā. Dadhrikā is extolled in RV 4.38-40, and in these hymns, Dadhrikā is stated to have become a divine being, the sacrificial horse of the Ashvamedha, and a symbol of Puru and Indo-Aryan dominance. Trasadasyu's son was Tṛkṣi.
Scholars who adhere to Hermann Grassmann's interpretation of Rigveda 7.92.2 state that by Mandala 7, the Purus had reached the Sarasvati river.

## Claimants

Later rulers may have claimed lineage to the Puru clan to bolster their legitimacy. Modern scholars conjecture that Porus may have been a Puru king. However, Porus is not known in Indian sources.
# Ruth Thompson

Ruth Thompson (September 15, 1887 – April 5, 1970) was a Republican politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. A lawyer by profession, she served three terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1951 to 1957.

## Early life and education

Thompson was born in Whitehall, Michigan, and attended the public schools. She graduated from Muskegon Business College of nearby Muskegon in 1905, and became a lawyer with a private practice.

## Early career

She was registrar of probate court of Muskegon County and judge of probate from 1925 to 1937. She gained national recognition as an advocate for children's rights during that period. She was elected the county's first female state representative in 1938 and served as a member of the Michigan House of Representatives (Muskegon County 1st district) from 1939 to 1941.
Thompson then served on the Social Security Board, 1941–1942; staff for United States Labor Department, 1942; United States Adjutant General's Office, 1942–1946; and then member and chair of the Michigan state Prison Commission for Women. During and after World War II she worked as a civilian employee of the U.S. Army in Washington, D.C., and in Europe.

## Congress

In 1950, Thompson was elected as a Republican from Michigan's 9th congressional district to the 82nd Congress and subsequently re-elected to the two succeeding Congresses serving from January 3, 1951, to January 3, 1957, in the U.S. House. She was the first woman to represent Michigan in Congress and the first woman to serve on the House Judiciary Committee.
On February 26, 1954, Thompson introduced legislation to ban mailing "obscene, lewd, lascivious or filthy" phonograph (rock and roll) records.
She was an unsuccessful candidate for re-nomination to the 85th Congress in 1956, being defeated by fellow Republican Robert P. Griffin and returned to her home in Whitehall.

## Death

Ruth Thompson died in Plainwell Sanitorium in Allegan County, Michigan, and was interred in Oakhurst Cemetery of Whitehall.
# Virtual and Physical Prototyping

Virtual and Physical Prototyping is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering research on virtual and rapid prototyping, including additive manufacturing (AM), 4D printing and smart materials, multi-material and hybrid manufacturing, bioprinting and biofabrication, advanced manufacturing processes and materials, quality control and AM standards, data analytics and artificial intelligence in AM, and nature-inspired designs via AM. It was established in 2006 and is published by Taylor & Francis. It has been fully open access since 2023.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Cambridge Scientific Abstracts
* Directory of Open Access Journals
* EBSCO Databases
* Ei Compendex
* Embase
* Inspec
* Science Citation Index Expanded
* Scopus
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 10.2.
# Shearling coat

Shearling coats are a type of coat made from processed lambskin, sheepskin, or pelt. This "shearing" process creates a uniform depth of the wool fibers for a uniform feel and look. Shearling coats and garments are made from pelts by tanning them with the wool of uniform depth still on them. The result is a soft, natural fleece material that is heavy due to thickness of outer skin and degree of fur on the inside, which is quite dense. The length of the sheep fur can be fairly long, but it is typically cropped short to about five centimetres or two inches. Most find these coats to be extremely comfortable and warm. Due to the high quality and uniqueness of shearling, coats and garment are considered luxurious. Sheepskin and Shearling are synonymous. The outer must be sheepskin to be Shearling on the inside. Varieties of Shearling coats include the Afghan coats, which often feature a unique type of shearling from the native Karakul sheep of the region.
# John M. Cavey

John Manning Cavey (May 30, 1907 – November 7, 1982) was an American politician and lawyer. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly.

## Biography

Born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Cavey went to St. John's Northwestern Military Academy in Delafield, Wisconsin. He served in the United States Army during World War II. Cavey went to University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota, and Marquette University. He then received his law degree from Marquette University Law School is practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican.
# Verner Main

Verner Wright Main (December 16, 1885 – July 6, 1965) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan.
Main was born in Ashley, Ohio, where he attended the public schools. He graduated from Marion High School in Marion, Ohio. He also graduated from Hillsdale College of Michigan in 1907, and from the law department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1914. He served as principal of the high schools at Hudson, Michigan in 1908 and 1909 and at Niles from 1909 to 1912. He was admitted to the bar in 1914 and commenced the practice of law in Battle Creek.
During the First World War, Main volunteered for military service with the Field Artillery and was in training at the officers' training camp at Louisville, Kentucky when the armistice was signed. He later served as assistant prosecuting attorney of Calhoun County, Michigan in 1926. He served in the Michigan State House of Representatives from 1927 to 1929. He was also a member of the Battle Creek School Board 1929-1932.
Main was elected as a Republican from Michigan's 3rd congressional district to the 74th Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Henry M. Kimball and served from December 17, 1935 to January 3, 1937. He was an unsuccessful candidate for re-nomination in 1936, losing to Paul W. Shafer in the Republican primary election. Main resumed the practice of law. He died in Battle Creek and is interred there in Oak Hill Cemetery.
# Kerry Fitzgerald

Kerry Victor Joseph Fitzgerald (c. 1948 – 18 December 1991) was an Australian rugby union referee best known for officiating in the 1987 Rugby World Cup Final, the first ever Rugby World Cup final.

## Refereeing career

Fitzgerald took up refereeing in 1977. In 1984 he made his international debut in the unofficial test between the All Blacks and Fiji in Suva.
For the first Rugby World Cup in 1987 he was one of two Australian referees selected, the other being Bob Fordham. Fitzgerald refereed pool matches between the England and the United States and Ireland verses Wales. In the semi-final between New Zealand and Wales, The Welsh player Huw Richards was elbowed in the head by Gary Whetton, who he then punched before being knocked out by Buck Shelford. After Richards regained consciousness, Fitzgerald issued him the first red card of the tournament. Fitzgerald, went on to referee the World Cup Final.
In his career Fitzgerald refereed 26 tests, including the semi-final between England and Scotland in the 1991 Rugby World Cup, just 6 weeks before his death.

## Death

Fitzgerald collapsed and died in his office on 18 December 1991.
# Calderstones Partnership NHS Foundation Trust

Calderstones Partnership NHS Foundation Trust based in Whalley, Lancashire, England, was a provider of services for people with a Learning Disability or other developmental disorders in the North West of England. It became a Foundation Trust in 2009.
It provided an on-site assessment and treatment facility with hospital based care in Whalley and a community service that included more than 40 houses across the North West. Some of the land formerly used by the institution has been sold off for housing.
In 2001 the Trust cared for 375 people, 211 at Calderstones, and 164 in the community. 85 people were admitted through the courts.
Calderstones was once the centre of Lancashire's institutional care, with 3 hospitals, Brockhall Certified Institution, Langho Epileptic Colony and Calderstones Certified Institution in close proximity.
Calderstones Hospital was managed by Burnley District Health Authority from 1974 to 1982 when it passed to Lancashire Area Health Authority.
In June 2015 it was reported to be considering a merger with Mersey Care NHS Trust. It currently has a turnover of £42 million per year, and it will be reducing the number of beds from 215 to 182.
It was named by the Health Service Journal as one of the top hundred NHS trusts to work for in 2015. At that time it had 1396 full-time equivalent staff and a sickness absence rate of 6.1%. 61% of staff recommend it as a place for treatment and 62% recommended it as a place to work.
In October 2015 it was announced that the hospital would be closed and the Trust abolished by July 2016. Merseycare is to take over the remains of the organisation.
# Big Shiny Tunes 5

"Big Shiny Tunes 5" is the fifth edition of the MuchMusic compilation series, Big Shiny Tunes. The album contains six songs that reached #1 on Canada's Rock chart in 2000 ("Bent", "Load Me Up", "Kryptonite", "Take a Picture", "Wonderful" and "Otherside"), more than any other Big Shiny Tunes album released before the chart's discontinuation.

## Commercial performance

Big Shiny Tunes 5 debuted at #2 on the Canadian Albums Chart, selling 68,899 copies in its first week. The album sold 79,657 copies the next week and 83,469 copies the week after. The album sold 424,393 copies by the end of 2000 and was the eighth best-selling album of the year in Canada. The album reached #1 on the Canadian Albums Chart in January, 2001. The album was certified 6× Platinum (600,000 units) by the CRIA.

## Track listing

* Matchbox Twenty - "Bent" - (4:18)
* Matthew Good Band - "Load Me Up" - (3:41)
* 3 Doors Down - "Kryptonite" - (3:54)
* Stone Temple Pilots - "Sour Girl" - (4:15)
* Bloodhound Gang - "The Bad Touch" - (3:38)
* Treble Charger - "American Psycho" - (3:23)
* Filter - "Take a Picture" - (4:23)
* Everclear - "Wonderful" - (4:19)
* Blink-182 - "Adam's Song" - (4:08)
* Limp Bizkit - "Re-Arranged" - (4:09)
* Wheatus - "Teenage Dirtbag" - (4:02)
* Red Hot Chili Peppers - "Otherside" - (4:15)
* Sum 41 - "Makes No Difference" - (3:10)
* Deftones - "Change (In the House of Flies)" - (3:56)
* Disturbed - "Stupify" - (4:05)
* J. Englishman - "More" - (3:23)
* Kid Rock - "Only God Knows Why" - (4:15)
* Nickelback - "Breathe"- (3:59)
# Boyd A. Clark

Boyd A. Clark (January 20, 1918 – March 6, 1978) was an American jurist and politician.
Born in Wild Rose, Wisconsin, Clark graduated from Sparta High School. He served in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II and was a cryptographer and an educational and vocational counselor.
Clark received his bachelor's degree from University of Wisconsin–Madison and his law degree from University of Wisconsin Law School. He then practiced law in Wild Rose and Wautoma, Wisconsin. In 1947, Clark served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. From 1949 to 1956, he served as district attorney of Waushara County, Wisconsin. Then, from 1956 to his death, in 1978, Clark served as county judge of Waushara County, Wisconsin.
In 1977, Clark was accused of drunken driving, but he died of a stroke in Wild Rose, Wisconsin in 1978 before he could go to court.
# Hedwig of Hesse-Kassel

Hedwig of Hesse-Kassel (born 30 June 1569 in Kassel; died: 7 July 1644 in Hagen) was a princess of Hesse-Kassel by birth and by marriage a Countess of Schaumburg.

## Life

Hedwig was a daughter of Landgrave William IV of Hesse-Kassel (1532–1592) from his marriage to Sabine (1549–1581), a daughter of Duke Christopher of Württemberg.
She married on 11 September 1597 at Wilhelmsburg Castle in Schmalkalden with Count Ernst of Schaumburg (1569–1622). When Hedwig was engaged in 1593, Hedwig's brother Maurice had made it a condition that Ernst would share the government of Schaumburg with his half-brother Adolph. In 1559, Schaumburg was divided by the Treaty of Minden, and Ernst received Lower Schaumburg, consisting of the districts Sachsenhagen, Hagenburg and Bokeloh.
Hedwig and Ernst initially lived at the available castle in Sachsenhagen, and extended it to a palace; Ernst later moved his seat of government to Bückeburg. Ernst died in 1627. Hedwig constructed a Princely Mausoleum in the St.-Martini Church in Stadthagen.
Their marriage remained childless. Hedwig received the city and district of Stadthagen as her wittum. She possessed a Hessian bond of 100000thaler without interest. She gave her nephew William V an annual pension and later bequeathed her bond and all her dower rights to the county of Schaumburg to his widow, Landgravine Amalie Elisabeth, whom she also appointed executrix of her last will and testament.
Hedwig died in 1644 and was buried in the Princely Mausoleum in the St.-Martini Church in Stadthagen, next to her husband. An epitaph above her grave reads: There is no other, holier decision of widowhood, than to pass down to the living that which was entrusted by the last will and to guard it, when it is realized.
# Radu Tudor Ciornei

Radu Tudor Ciornei (born 30 September 1971) is a Romanian politician of the Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party. Since 2020, he has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies. He was previously a member of the Save Romania Union, and was elected as a vice president of its Suceava County branch in 2021. He joined the Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party in 2024.
# Vera Serganova

Vera Vladimirovna Serganova (Russian: Вера Владимировна Серганова) is a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley who researches superalgebras and their representations.
Serganova graduated from Moscow State School 57 and Moscow State University. She defended her Ph.D. in 1988 at Saint Petersburg State University under the joint supervision of Dimitry Leites and Arkady Onishchik. She was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1998 and a plenary speaker at the ICM in 2014. In 2017, she was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
The Gelfand–Serganova theorem gives a geometric characterization of Coxeter matroids; it was published by Serganova and Israel Gelfand in 1987 as part of their research originating the concept of a Coxeter matroid.
# Albert J. Engel

Albert Joseph Engel (January 1, 1888 – December 2, 1959) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan.

## Biography

Engel was born in New Washington, Ohio. He attended the public schools in Grand Traverse County, Michigan, and the Central YMCA College in Chicago, Illinois. He graduated from the law department of Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, in 1910. He was admitted to the bar the same year and commenced practice in Lake City, Michigan. He was prosecuting attorney of Missaukee County in 1916, 1917, 1919, and 1920. During World War I, he served as a first lieutenant in the War Department, Washington, D.C., later being promoted to captain and served overseas for twenty-three months, 1917-1919. He served in the Michigan Senate in 1921, 1922, and 1927 to 1932.
In 1934, Engel defeated incumbent Democrat Harry W. Musselwhite to be elected as a Republican from Michigan's 9th congressional district to the 74th to the seven succeeding Congresses, serving from January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1951. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1950, but was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican gubernatorial nomination.
Engel operated a 1,400-acre (5.7 km$^2$) tree plantation near Lake City. He died in Grand Rapids and is interred in Lake City Cemetery.
Engel's son, Albert J. Engel, Jr., was a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
# Argument shift method

In mathematics, the argument shift method is a method for constructing functions in involution with respect to Poisson–Lie brackets, introduced by Mishchenko and Fomenko (1978). They used it to prove that the Poisson algebra of a finite-dimensional semisimple Lie algebra contains a complete commuting set of polynomials.
# William Walter Clark

William Walter Clark (July 7, 1885 – May 15, 1971) was an American educator, farmer, and Republican politician. He represented Wood County in the Wisconsin State Assembly for fourteen years, and was twice elected to the Wisconsin State Senate from the 24th Senate district.

## Biography

Clark was born on July 7, 1885, in Plum City, Wisconsin. After graduating from high school in Ellsworth, Wisconsin, he attended what are now the University of Wisconsin-River Falls and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He married Estella Lillian Junkman. Clark died on May 15, 1971, and is buried in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin.

## Career

Clark was a member of the Assembly three times. First, from 1921 to 1922, second, from 1939 to 1940 and third, from 1943 to 1952. During this time, he was a delegate to the 1948 Republican National Convention. Clark then went on to serve in the Senate from the 24th district from 1953 to 1960, at which time he was succeeded by John M. Potter. Additionally, he was Chairman of Hansen, Wisconsin, and of the Wood County Board.
# Sidonie of Bavaria

Sidonie of Bavaria (1 May 1488 – 29 March 1505) was a member of the House of Wittelsbach. She was the eldest daughter of Duke Albert IV of Bavaria-Munich and his wife Kunigunde of Austria. She died later as a bride of the Elector Palatine Louis V.

## Life

Sidonie was born on 1 May 1488 in Munich. Her father, Albert had been Duke of Bavaria-Munich since 1465. Her mother, Kunigunde was a daughter of Emperor Frederick III. When she was 14 months old, she was promised to Louis of the Palatinate, the oldest son of Count Palatine Philip. A dowry of 32000florins and a dower of 10000florins were agreed upon, and her Wittum was to consist of castle and town of Neuenstadt am Kocher near Heilbronn.
Because of the close relationship of the couple — both descended from the Upper Bavarian Duke Louis II and Louis's mother, Margaret, was a sister of Duke George of Bavaria-Landshut — a papal dispensation was required for this marriage. It was approved in 1491. Pope Innocent VIII had in February 1490 delegated the investigation necessary for this dispensation to bishop Sixtus of Freising and two clergymen from Munich.
In view of the age of the bride, a marriage would not be possible before the year 1500. During this long engagement, the Palatine branch of the Wittelsbachs investigated other options for Louis, such as he French princess Suzanne of Bourbon-Beaujeu and Mary, the daughter of Duke William IV of Jülich and Berg. In 1501 Emperor Maximilian I, who was Kunigunde's brother, suggested that his niece Sidonie could marry Duke Charles of Guelders. None of these options materialized.
The engagement between Sidonie and Louis lasted until her death in late March 1505. It was not broken off when, after the death of Duke George of Bavaria-Landshut in 1503, Bavaria-Munich and the Palatinate found themselves on opposite sides in the Landshut War of Succession. After a rapprochement between the two branches of the House of Wittelsbach, Louis married in 1511 Sidonie's younger sister Sibylle.
Sidonie was buried in the Frauenkirche in Munich.