# 1991 in spaceflight (January–June)

This is a list of spaceflights launched between January and June 1991. For launches between July and December, see 1991 in spaceflight (July–December). For an overview of the whole year, see 1991 in spaceflight.

## Orbital launches

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | Launch site | LSP | LSP |
| Date and time (UTC) | | Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome |
| Remarks ||||||
| January ||||||||
| 8 January 00:53:01 | Delta II (7925) | Delta II (7925) | | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | McDonnell Douglas | McDonnell Douglas |
| 8 January 00:53:01 | | NATO-4A | NATO | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 14 January 14:50:27 | Soyuz-U2 | Soyuz-U2 | | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 14 January 14:50:27 | | Progress M-6 | MOM | Low Earth, docked to Mir | Resupply Mir | 15 March 1991 | Successful |
| 15 January 23:10:49 | Ariane 4 (44L) | Ariane 4 (44L) | | Kourou ELA-2 | Kourou ELA-2 | Arianespace | Arianespace |
| 15 January 23:10:49 | | Italsat 1 | ASI | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 15 January 23:10:49 | | Eutelsat 2F2 | Eutelsat | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 17 January 10:30 | Soyuz-U | Soyuz-U | | Plesetsk Site 16/2 | Plesetsk Site 16/2 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 17 January 10:30 | | Kosmos 2121 (Zenit-8) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 10 February 1991 | Successful |
| 18 January 11:34 | Tsyklon-2 | Tsyklon-2 | | Baikonur | Baikonur | RVSN | RVSN |
| 18 January 11:34 | | Kosmos 2122 (US-P) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Naval Reconnaissance | 28 March 1993 | Successful |
| 29 January 11:59:58 | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 29 January 11:59:58 | | Informator-1 | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| February ||||||||
| 5 February 02:36 | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 5 February 02:36 | | Kosmos 2123 (Tsikada) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful |
| 7 February 18:15 | Soyuz-U | Soyuz-U | | Plesetsk Site 16 | Plesetsk Site 16 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 7 February 18:15 | | Kosmos 2124 (Yantar-4K2) | MOM | Low Earth | | 7 April 1991 | Successful |
| 12 February 02:44 | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 12 February 02:44 | | Kosmos 2125 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 12 February 02:44 | | Kosmos 2126 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 12 February 02:44 | | Kosmos 2127 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 12 February 02:44 | | Kosmos 2128 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 12 February 02:44 | | Kosmos 2129 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 12 February 02:44 | | Kosmos 2130 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 12 February 02:44 | | Kosmos 2131 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 12 February 02:44 | | Kosmos 2132 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 14 February 08:31:56 | Proton-K / DM-2 | Proton-K / DM-2 | | Baikonur Site 200/39 | Baikonur Site 200/39 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 14 February 08:31:56 | | Kosmos 2133 (Prognoz) | MOM | Geosynchronous | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful |
| 15 February 09:30 | Soyuz-U | Soyuz-U | | Baikonur | Baikonur | RVSN | RVSN |
| 15 February 09:30 | | Kosmos 2134 (Yantar-1KFT) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 1 April 1991 | Successful |
| 15 February 15:19 | Molniya-M | Molniya-M | | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 15 February 15:19 | | Molniya-1-80 | MOM | Molniya | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 26 February 04:53:06 | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 26 February 04:53:06 | | Kosmos 2135 (Parus) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful |
| 28 February 05:30:00 | Proton-K / DM-2 | Proton-K / DM-2 | | Baikonur Site 81/23 | Baikonur Site 81/23 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 28 February 05:30:00 | | | MOM | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| March ||||||||
| 2 March 23:36:00 | Ariane 4 (44LP) | Ariane 4 (44LP) | | Kourou ELA-2 | Kourou ELA-2 | Arianespace | Arianespace |
| 2 March 23:36:00 | | Astra 1B | SES Astra | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 2 March 23:36:00 | | Meteosat 5 | ESA / EUMETSAT | Geosynchronous | Weather | In orbit | Successful |
| 6 March 15:30 | Soyuz-U | Soyuz-U | | Plesetsk Site 16 | Plesetsk Site 16 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 6 March 15:30 | | Kosmos 2136 (Zenit-8) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 20 March 1991 | Successful |
| 8 March 12:03 | Titan IVA (403A) | Titan IVA (403A) | | Vandenberg SLC-4E | Vandenberg SLC-4E | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 8 March 12:03 | | USA-69 (Lacrosse-2) | NRO | Low Earth | Radar Reconnaissance | In orbit | Successful |
| First Titan IV launch from Vandenberg AFB Was one of the oldest operational reconnaissance satellite till 2008. ||||||
| 8 March 23:03 | Delta II (6925) | Delta II (6925) | | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | McDonnell Douglas | McDonnell Douglas |
| 8 March 23:03 | | Inmarsat 2F2 | Inmarsat | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 12 March 19:29:04 | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 12 March 19:29:04 | | Nadezhda-3 | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful |
| 19 March 13:05:15 | Soyuz-U2 | Soyuz-U2 | | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 19 March 13:05:15 | | Progress M-7 | MOM | Low Earth, docked to Mir | Resupply Mir | 7 May 1991 | Successful |
| 19 March 14:30 | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 19 March 14:30 | | Kosmos 2137 (Taifun-1) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Radar calibration | 3 April 1995 | Successful |
| 22 March 12:19:59 | Molniya-M | Molniya-M | | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 22 March 12:19:59 | | Molniya-3-55L | MOM | Molniya | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 26 March 13:45 | Soyuz-U | Soyuz-U | | Plesetsk Site 16 | Plesetsk Site 16 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 26 March 13:45 | | Kosmos 2138 (Yantar-4K2) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 24 May 1991 | Successful |
| 31 March 15:12:00 | Proton-K | Proton-K | | Baikonur Site 200/40 | Baikonur Site 200/40 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 31 March 15:12:00 | | Almaz-1 | MOM | Low Earth | Radar reconnaissance | 17 October 1992 | Successful |
| April ||||||||
| 4 April 10:47:12 | Proton-K / DM-2 | Proton-K / DM-2 | | Baikonur Site 200/39 | Baikonur Site 200/39 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 4 April 10:47:12 | | Kosmos 2139 (GLONASS) | MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful |
| 4 April 10:47:12 | | Kosmos 2140 (GLONASS) | MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful |
| 4 April 10:47:12 | | Kosmos 2141 (GLONASS) | MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful |
| 4 April 23:33:00 | Ariane 4 (44P) | Ariane 4 (44P) | | Kourou ELA-2 | Kourou ELA-2 | Arianespace | Arianespace |
| 4 April 23:33:00 | | Anik E2 | Telesat | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 5 April 14:22:45 | Space Shuttle Atlantis | Space Shuttle Atlantis | | Kennedy LC-39B | Kennedy LC-39B | United Space Alliance | United Space Alliance |
| 5 April 14:22:45 | | STS-37 | NASA | Low Earth | Manned orbital flight | 11 April 1991 | Successful |
| 5 April 14:22:45 | | Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) | NASA | Low Earth | Gamma ray astronomy | 4 June 2000 | Successful |
| 13 April 00:09 | Delta II (7925) | Delta II (7925) | | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | McDonnell Douglas | McDonnell Douglas |
| 13 April 00:09 | | Spacenet 4 | GE Americom | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 16 April 07:21:42 | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 16 April 07:21:42 | | Kosmos 2142 (Parus) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful |
| 18 April 23:30 | Atlas I | Atlas I | | Cape Canaveral LC-36B | Cape Canaveral LC-36B | General Dynamics | General Dynamics |
| 18 April 23:30 | | Yuri 3H | General Dynamics | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communication | T+361 seconds | Failure |
| Destroyed by RSO after upper stage turbopump malfunction Apogee: 175 kilometres (109 mi) ||||||
| 24 April 01:37:00 | Tsyklon-3 | Tsyklon-3 | | Plesetsk | Plesetsk | RVSN | RVSN |
| 24 April 01:37:00 | | Meteor-3-4 | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Weather | In orbit | Successful |
| 28 April 11:33:14 | Space Shuttle Discovery | Space Shuttle Discovery | | Kennedy LC-39A | Kennedy LC-39A | United Space Alliance | United Space Alliance |
| 28 April 11:33:14 | | STS-39 | NASA | Low Earth | Manned orbital flight | 6 May 1991 | Successful |
| 28 April 11:33:14 | | IBSS-SPAS (SPAS 02) | SDIO | Low Earth | Missile defence experiments | 6 May 1991 | Successful |
| 28 April 11:33:14 | | USA-70 (MPEC) | DARPA | Low Earth | Technology | 13 May 1991 | Successful |
| 28 April 11:33:14 | | CRO-C | SDIO | Low Earth | Chemical release | 14 May 1991 | Successful |
| 28 April 11:33:14 | | CRO-B | SDIO | Low Earth | Chemical release | 12 May 1991 | Successful |
| 28 April 11:33:14 | | CRO-A | SDIO | Low Earth | Chemical release | 13 May 1991 | Successful |
| May ||||||||
| 14 May 15:52:03 | Atlas-E | Atlas-E | | Vandenberg SLC-3W | Vandenberg SLC-3W | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 14 May 15:52:03 | | NOAA-12 | NOAA | Low Earth (SSO) | Weather | In orbit | Successful |
| 16 May 21:40 | Tsyklon-3 | Tsyklon-3 | | Plesetsk | Plesetsk | RVSN | RVSN |
| 16 May 21:40 | | Kosmos 2143 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 16 May 21:40 | | Kosmos 2144 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 16 May 21:40 | | Kosmos 2145 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 16 May 21:40 | | Kosmos 2146 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 16 May 21:40 | | Kosmos 2147 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 16 May 21:40 | | Kosmos 2148 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 18 May 12:50:28 | Soyuz-U2 | Soyuz-U2 | | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 18 May 12:50:28 | | Soyuz TM-12 | MOM | Low Earth, docked to Mir | Manned orbital flight | 10 October 1991 | Successful |
| 21 May 09:00:00 | Soyuz-U | Soyuz-U | | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 21 May 09:00:00 | | Resurs-F-10 | MOM | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 20 June 1991 | Successful |
| 24 May 15:29 | Soyuz-U | Soyuz-U | | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 24 May 15:29 | | Kosmos 2149 (Yantar-4K2) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 4 July 1991 | Successful |
| 29 May 22:55 | Delta II (7925) | Delta II (7925) | | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | McDonnell Douglas | McDonnell Douglas |
| 29 May 22:55 | | Aurora 2 | GE Alascom | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 30 May 08:04:03 | Soyuz-U2 | Soyuz-U2 | | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 30 May 08:04:03 | | Progress M-8 | MOM | Low Earth, docked to Mir | Resupply Mir | 16 August 1991 | Successful |
| June ||||||||
| 4 June 08:10:00 | Tsyklon-3 | Tsyklon-3 | | Plesetsk Site 32/2 | Plesetsk Site 32/2 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 4 June 08:10:00 | | Okean-3 | MOM | Low Earth | Oceanography | In orbit | Successful |
| 5 June 13:24:51 | Space Shuttle Columbia | Space Shuttle Columbia | | Kennedy LC-39B | Kennedy LC-39B | United Space Alliance | United Space Alliance |
| 5 June 13:24:51 | | STS-40 | NASA | Low Earth | Manned orbital flight | 14 June 1991 | Successful |
| 5 June 13:24:51 | | SLS-1 (Spacelab) | ESA / NASA | Low Earth | Biological research | In orbit | Successful |
| 11 June 05:41 | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 11 June 05:41 | | Kosmos 2150 (Strela-2M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 13 June 15:41 | Tsyklon-3 | Tsyklon-3 | | Plesetsk | Plesetsk | RVSN | RVSN |
| 13 June 15:41 | | Kosmos 2151 (Tselina-R) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful |
| 18 June 09:09 | Molniya-M | Molniya-M | | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 18 June 09:09 | | Molniya-1-81 | MOM | Molniya | Communication | In orbit | Successful |
| 25 June | Kosmos-3M | Kosmos-3M | | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 25 June | | Taifun-2-28 | MO SSSR | Intended: Low Earth | Radar calibration | 25 June 1991 | Failure |
| Second stage malfunction ||||||
| 28 June 08:09:59 | Soyuz-U | Soyuz-U | | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | RVSN | RVSN |
| 28 June 08:09:59 | | Resurs-F-11 | MOM | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 21 July 1991 | Successful |
| 29 June 14:00 | Scout G-1 | Scout G-1 | | Vandenberg SLC-5 | Vandenberg SLC-5 | NASA | NASA |
| 29 June 14:00 | | REX-1 (P89-1A / ISES) | US Air Force / STP | Low Earth (Polar) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful |
* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

## Suborbital launches

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | Launch site | LSP | LSP |
| Date and time (UTC) | | Payload | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome |
| Remarks ||||||
| January-March ||||||||
| 17 January | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 17 January | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 17 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 19 January | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 19 January | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 19 January 1991 | Successful |
| 19 January | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 19 January 1991 | Successful |
| 19 January | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 19 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 20 January 18:43 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 20 January 18:43 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 20 January 1991 | Successful |
| 20 January 18:43 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 20 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 21 January 08:29 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 21 January 08:29 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 21 January 1991 | Successful |
| 21 January 08:29 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 21 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 21 January 09:42 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 21 January 09:42 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 21 January 1991 | Successful |
| 21 January 09:42 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 21 January 1991 | Successful |
| 21 January 09:42 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 21 January 1991 | Successful |
| 21 January 09:42 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 21 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 21 January 19:18 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 21 January 19:18 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Al Jubayl | 21 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 22 January 00:41 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 22 January 00:41 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 22 January 1991 | Successful |
| 22 January 00:41 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 22 January 1991 | Successful |
| 22 January 00:41 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 22 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at US Air Force base, intercepted by Patriot ABM, warhead fell on a civilian neighbourhood. ||||||
| 22 January 04:10 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 22 January 04:10 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 22 January 1991 | Successful |
| 22 January 04:10 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 22 January 1991 | Successful |
| 22 January 04:10 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 22 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at US Air Force base. Intercepted by Patriot ABM, but still hit target. ||||||
| 22 January | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 22 January | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 22 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 22 January | Zhinui 3 | Zhinui 3 | | Haikou Space Centre, Hainan | Haikou Space Centre, Hainan | CALT | CALT |
| 22 January | | | CALT | Sub-orbital | Test flight | 22 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi) ||||||
| 23 January 19:54 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 23 January 19:54 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 23 January 1991 | Successful |
| 23 January 19:54 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 23 January 1991 | Successful |
| 23 January 19:54 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 23 January 1991 | Successful |
| 23 January 19:54 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 23 January 1991 | Successful |
| 23 January 19:54 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 23 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 25 January 19:23 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 25 January 19:23 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 25 January 1991 | Successful |
| 25 January 19:23 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 25 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at Coalition headquarters, intercepted by Patriot ABM, hit Saudi Department of Interior. ||||||
| 25 January | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 25 January | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 25 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 26 January 00:28 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 26 January 00:28 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 26 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 26 January 06:25 | Black Brant IX | Black Brant IX | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 26 January 06:25 | | | NASA / JHU | Sub-orbital | Ultraviolet Astronomy | 26 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| 26 January 19:46 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 26 January 19:46 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 26 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 26 January | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 26 January | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 26 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 28 January 17:55 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 28 January 17:55 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 28 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at downtown Riyadh, intercepted by Patriot ABM, debris damaged a farm. ||||||
| 28 January 18:24:24 | ERIS | ERIS | | Meck Island, Kwajalein Atoll | Meck Island, Kwajalein Atoll | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 28 January 18:24:24 | | ERIS | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Interceptor test | 28 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi) Intercepted Aries rocket ||||||
| 28 January 18:03:00 | Minuteman IB | Minuteman IB | | Vandenberg LF-03 | Vandenberg LF-03 | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 28 January 18:03:00 | | | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Target | 28 January 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) ||||||
| 2 February, 21:41 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 2 February, 21:41 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 2 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 2 February | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 2 February | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 2 February 1991 | Successful |
| 2 February | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 2 February 1991 | Successful |
| 6 February 07:29 | LCLV | LCLV | | Wallops Island | Wallops Island | Orbital Sciences | Orbital Sciences |
| 6 February 07:29 | | | NRL | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 6 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 510 kilometres (320 mi) ||||||
| 6 February 17:30 | MR-12 | MR-12 | | Kapustin Yar | Kapustin Yar | MO SSSR | MO SSSR |
| 6 February 17:30 | | | MO SSSR | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 6 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) ||||||
| 7 February 08:15 | RT-2PM Topol | RT-2PM Topol | | Plesetsk | Plesetsk | RVSN | RVSN |
| 7 February 08:15 | | | RVSN | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 7 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 7 February 22:54 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 7 February 22:54 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 7 February 1991 | Successful |
| 11 February 19:20 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 11 February 19:20 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 11 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 11 February | Prithvi | Prithvi | | Sriharikota | Sriharikota | DRDL | DRDL |
| 11 February | | | DRDL | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 11 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 12 February 03:29 | S-520 | S-520 | | Andøya | Andøya | ISAS | ISAS |
| 12 February 03:29 | | | ISAS | Sub-orbital | Auroral | 12 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 353 kilometres (219 mi) ||||||
| 12 February 09:11:54 | Black Brant XII | Black Brant XII | | Poker Flat | Poker Flat | NASA | NASA |
| 12 February 09:11:54 | | TOPAZ-3 | NASA | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 12 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 14 February 08:45 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 14 February 08:45 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack King Khalid Military City | 14 February 1991 | Successful |
| 14 February 08:45 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Hafir Al Batin | 14 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), hit King Khalid Military City. ||||||
| 15 February 23:01 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 15 February 23:01 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Al Jubayl | 15 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 16 February 13:00 | S-520 | S-520 | | Kagoshima LA-K | Kagoshima LA-K | ISAS | ISAS |
| 16 February 13:00 | | | ISAS | Sub-orbital | Ultraviolet Astronomy | 16 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 337 kilometres (209 mi) ||||||
| 18 February 14:30 | Strypi-XI | Strypi-XI | | Barking Sands LC-1 | Barking Sands LC-1 | SDIO | SDIO |
| 18 February 14:30 | | Bow Shock 2 | SDIO | Sub-orbital | Reentry Test | 18 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi) ||||||
| 21 February 14:06 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 21 February 14:06 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack King Khalid Military City | 21 February 1991 | Successful |
| 21 February 14:06 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack King Khalid Military City | 21 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 21 February 18:00 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 21 February 18:00 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack King Khalid Military City | 21 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 21 February 23:31 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 21 February 23:31 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Bahrain | 21 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 22 February 19:46 | Black Brant IX | Black Brant IX | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 22 February 19:46 | | | NASA | Sub-orbital | Solar research | 22 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| 23 February 01:59 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 23 February 01:59 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 23 February 1991 | Successful |
| 23 February 01:59 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 23 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 24 February 01:32 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 24 February 01:32 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 24 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at Coalition headquarters, intercepted by Patriot ABM, debris fell on a school. ||||||
| 24 February 06:23 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 24 February 06:23 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 24 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 24 February 09:17 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 24 February 09:17 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 24 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 24 February | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 24 February | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 24 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 25 February 17:32 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 25 February 17:32 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 25 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Hit US Army barracks, killing 28 and injuring 110. ||||||
| 25 February 22:26 | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| 25 February 22:26 | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Qatar | 25 February 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| February | Al Hussein | Al Hussein | | Iraq | Iraq | IQAF | IQAF |
| February | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | Within an hour of launch | Successful |
| February | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | Within an hour of launch | Successful |
| February | | High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | Within an hour of launch | Successful |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) ||||||
| 12 March | LGM-118 Peacekeeper | LGM-118 Peacekeeper | | Vandenberg LF-02 | Vandenberg LF-02 | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 12 March | | | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 12 March 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 18 March 10:15 | Black Brant IX | Black Brant IX | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 18 March 10:15 | | SXT | NASA / University of Colorado, Boulder | Sub-orbital | X-ray astronomy | 18 March 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| 19 March | UGM-96 Trident I (Trident C-4) | UGM-96 Trident I (Trident C-4) | | Submarine, WTR | Submarine, WTR | US Navy | US Navy |
| 19 March | | | US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 19 March 1991 | Successful |
| 19 March | | | US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 19 March 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 23 March 07:00 | Black Brant IX | Black Brant IX | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 23 March 07:00 | | MAMA | NASA | Sub-orbital | Ultraviolet Astronomy | 23 March 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| 30 March 02:27 | Black Brant IX | Black Brant IX | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 30 March 02:27 | | | NASA | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 30 March 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| April-June ||||||||
| 5 April 14:05 | RT-2PM Topol | RT-2PM Topol | | Plesetsk | Plesetsk | RVSN | RVSN |
| 5 April 14:05 | | | RVSN | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 5 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 9 April 17:50 | Skylark 7 | Skylark 7 | | Esrange LA-S | Esrange LA-S | DLR | DLR |
| 9 April 17:50 | | SISSI-4 | DLR | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 9 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 245 kilometres (152 mi) ||||||
| 9 April 18:18 | Viper 3A | Viper 3A | | Esrange | Esrange | DLR | DLR |
| 9 April 18:18 | | PMSE | DLR | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 9 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 110 kilometres (68 mi) ||||||
| 9 April 19:20 | Viper 3A | Viper 3A | | Esrange | Esrange | DLR | DLR |
| 9 April 19:20 | | PMSE | DLR | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 9 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 110 kilometres (68 mi) ||||||
| 12 April | HPB | HPB | | Wallops Island | Wallops Island | Orbital Sciences | Orbital Sciences |
| 12 April | | | Orbital Sciences | Sub-orbital | Target | 12 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi) ||||||
| 15 April 22:10 | UGM-133 Trident II (Trident D-5) | UGM-133 Trident II (Trident D-5) | | USS West Virginia, ETR | USS West Virginia, ETR | US Navy | US Navy |
| 15 April 22:10 | | DASO-6 | US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 15 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 17 April 07:46 | Black Brant 10CM1 | Black Brant 10CM1 | | Wallops Island | Wallops Island | SDIO | SDIO |
| 17 April 07:46 | | SPFE-2 | SDIO | Sub-orbital | Technology demonstration | 17 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| 18 April 18:33 | MGM-134 Midgetman | MGM-134 Midgetman | | Vandenberg TP-01 | Vandenberg TP-01 | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 18 April 18:33 | | | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 18 April 1991 | Successful |
| Final flight of the Midgetman Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 25 April 18:00 | Nike Orion | Nike Orion | | Poker Flat | Poker Flat | NASA | NASA |
| 25 April 18:00 | | CWAS-19 | NASA | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 25 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) ||||||
| 29 April | Sonda-3 | Sonda-3 | | Barreira do Inferno | Barreira do Inferno | IAE | IAE |
| 29 April | | | INPE | Sub-orbital | Ionospheric research | 29 April 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 441 kilometres (274 mi) ||||||
| 30 April 19:19 | Nike Orion | Nike Orion | | Poker Flat | Poker Flat | NASA | NASA |
| 30 April 19:19 | | CWAS-20 | NASA | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 30 April 1991 | Failure |
| Apogee: 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) ||||||
| 4 May 04:10 | Black Brant IX | Black Brant IX | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 4 May 04:10 | | JASPR-I | NASA | Sub-orbital | Ultraviolet Astronomy | 4 May 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| 7 May 18:05 | Black Brant IX | Black Brant IX | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 7 May 18:05 | | SERTS-4 | NASA | Sub-orbital | Solar research | 7 May 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| 8 May 03:54:00 | Maxus | Maxus | | Esrange | Esrange | SSC | SSC |
| 8 May 03:54:00 | | | SSC | Sub-orbital | Microgravity | 8 May 1991 | Failure |
| Apogee: 157 kilometres (98 mi) ||||||
| 10 May | UGM-96 Trident I (Trident C-4) | UGM-96 Trident I (Trident C-4) | | USS Mariano G. Vallejo, ETR | USS Mariano G. Vallejo, ETR | US Navy | US Navy |
| 10 May | | FCET | US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 10 May 1991 | Successful |
| 10 May | | FCET | US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 10 May 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 11 May 20:40 | Minuteman IB | Minuteman IB | | Vandenberg LF-03 | Vandenberg LF-03 | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 11 May 20:40 | | | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Target | 11 May 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) Interceptor launch scrubbed ||||||
| 13 May 19:03 | Black Brant IX | Black Brant IX | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 13 May 19:03 | | MSSTA-I | NASA | Sub-orbital | X-ray astronomy | 13 May 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 230 kilometres (140 mi) ||||||
| 20 May 07:30 | Aries | Aries | | White Sands LC-36 | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | NASA |
| 20 May 07:30 | | SXT (XOGS) | NASA | Sub-orbital | X-ray astronomy | 20 May 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) ||||||
| 28 May 12:05 | R-36MUTTH (SS-18 Mod 4) | R-36MUTTH (SS-18 Mod 4) | | Baikonur | Baikonur | RVSN | RVSN |
| 28 May 12:05 | | | RVSN | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 28 May 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| May | Hwasong-6 | Hwasong-6 | | Qom | Qom | DPRK | DPRK |
| May | | | DPRK | Sub-orbital | Missile test | Within an hour of launch | Successful |
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) ||||||
| 11 June 17:47 | LGM-118 Peacekeeper | LGM-118 Peacekeeper | | Vandenberg LF-08 | Vandenberg LF-08 | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 11 June 17:47 | | | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 11 June 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 18 June 11:34 | Prospector | Prospector | | Cape Canaveral LC-20 | Cape Canaveral LC-20 | Orbital Sciences | Orbital Sciences |
| 18 June 11:34 | | | Orbital Sciences | Sub-orbital | Microgravity | 18 June 1991 | Failure |
| Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) ||||||
| 21 June | Minuteman IB | Minuteman IB | | Vandenberg LF-03 | Vandenberg LF-03 | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 21 June | | | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Re-entry vehicle test | 21 June 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) ||||||
| 24 June | SSBS S3 | SSBS S3 | | Biscarrosse BLB | Biscarrosse BLB | DMA | DMA |
| 24 June | | | DMA | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 24 June 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 25 June 17:00 | RT-2PM Topol | RT-2PM Topol | | Plesetsk | Plesetsk | RVSN | RVSN |
| 25 June 17:00 | | | RVSN | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 25 June 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ||||||
| 26 June 02:39 | Minuteman III | Minuteman III | | Vandenberg LF-26 | Vandenberg LF-26 | US Air Force | US Air Force |
| 26 June 02:39 | | GT-144GB | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 26 June 1991 | Successful |
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) ||||||
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