OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Boeing X-46

The Boeing X-46 was a proposed unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) that was to be developed in conjunction with the United States Navy and DARPA as a naval carrier-based variant of the Boeing X-45 UCAV being developed for the U.S. Air Force. Two contracts for technology demonstrators were awarded in June 2000, to Boeing for the X-46A and to Northrop Grumman for the X-47A.
However, in April 2003, the Air Force and the Navy efforts were formally combined under the joint DARPA/USAF/Navy J-UCAV program, later renamed J-UCAS (Joint Unmanned Combat Air Systems), and the X-46 program was terminated as redundant.
A Navy-only N-UCAS demonstrator program started in the summer of 2006. Boeing will use material developed for the X-46 and X-45 to propose the X-45N as a naval UCAV demonstrator.
# Montréal–Saint-Henri

Montréal–Saint-Henri (French pronunciation:) was a former provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada that elected members to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec.
It was created for the 1923 election from most of the Montréal-Hochelaga electoral district, and parts of Jacques-Cartier and Westmount. Its final election was in 1962. It disappeared in the 1966 election and its successor electoral district was Saint-Henri. Part of the riding was redistributed into Sainte-Anne.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Legislature | Years | Member | Party |
| Riding created from Montréal-Hochelaga, Jacques-Cartier and Westmount |||||
| 16th | 1923–1927 | Joseph Allan Bray | Conservative |
| 17th | 1927–1931 | Alfred Leduc | Liberal |
| 18th | 1931–1935 | Joseph-Maurice Gabias | Liberal |
| 19th | 1935–1936 | Wilfrid-Eldège Lauriault | Action libérale nationale |
| 20th | 1936–1939 | René Labelle | Union Nationale |
| 21st | 1939–1944 | Émile Boucher | Liberal |
| 22nd | 1944–1948 | Joseph-Hormidas Delisle | Union Nationale |
| 23rd | 1948–1952 | Joseph-Hormidas Delisle | Union Nationale |
| 24th | 1952–1956 | Philippe Lalonde | Liberal |
| 25th | 1956–1960 | Philippe Lalonde | Liberal |
| 26th | 1960–1962 | Philippe Lalonde | Liberal |
| 27th | 1962–1966 | Philippe Lalonde | Liberal |
| Dissolved into Saint-Henri and Sainte-Anne |||||
# Kulichenko

Kulichenko (Russian: Куличенко, Ukrainian: Куліченко) or Kulychenko (Ukrainian: Куличенко), is a Russian and Ukrainian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ivan Kulichenko (born 1955), Ukrainian politician
* Sergei Kulichenko (born 1978), Russian footballer
* Elena Kulichenko (born 2002), Russian-born Cypriot athlete
# Sainte-Anne (provincial electoral district)

Sainte-Anne (French pronunciation:) was a provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada.
It was created for the 1966 election from parts of Montréal–Sainte-Anne, Montréal–Saint-Henri and Montréal–Saint-Louis electoral districts. Its final election was in 1989. It disappeared in the 1994 election and its successor electoral district was Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne.
It was named for the former ward of Sainte-Anne or St. Ann, encompassing Griffintown and the eastern part of Pointe-Saint-Charles, referring to the parish of St. Ann's Church in Griffintown.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly / National Assembly

| Legislature | Years | Member | Party |
| Riding created from Montréal–Sainte-Anne, Montréal–Saint-Henri and Montréal–Saint-Louis |||||
| 28th | 1966–1970 | Francis Hanley | Independent |
| 29th | 1970–1973 | George Springate | Liberal |
| 30th | 1973–1976 | George Springate | Liberal |
| 31st | 1976–1981 | Jean-Marc Lacoste | Parti Québécois |
| 32nd | 1981–1985 | Maximilien Polak | Liberal |
| 33rd | 1985–1989 | Maximilien Polak | Liberal |
| 34th | 1989–1994 | Normand Cherry | Liberal |
| Dissolved into Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne |||||
# Alfred Pochon

Alfred Pochon (30 July 1878 – 26 February 1959) was a Swiss musician.

## Biography

He was born on 30 July 1878 in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland.
It was in his hometown Yverdon that at the age of seven, Pochon first began learning the violin before following the teachings of Louis Rey in Geneva, Switzerland, at the age of eleven. Pochon's father was a businessman and his mother had a predisposition for the piano and painting. At fourteen he decided to go for a musical career. He then left for Belgium in 1895 and enrolled at the Conservatoire de Liège, with the famous violinist César Thomson, who taught him the art of violin and especially that of the string quartet. Pochon obtained his diploma as well as a first prize in playing the in 1897.
He gave one of his first concerts as a soloist at the Casino de Saint-Pierre in Geneva in 1889. He played successfully Septième Concerto de Louis Spohr. Alfred Pochon in 1890 was already in the ranks of violinists in the orchestra of "Classical Concerts" in Geneva, led by Hugo de Senger. It also takes the first violin in the orchestra desk Eugène Ysaÿe, founded and directed by the latter in Brussels. In 1901, he left Belgium to Vienna before discovering the United States .
In 1903 Pochon founded, with the financial support of his friend the banker Edward J. de Coppet, the Flonzaley Quartet in Manhattan, New York City. The quartet made the travel to Europe, North America and Cuba. In 1922, Pochon moved to Lutry. It was here that from now on, the members of the quartet met. In May 1929, after the cessation of the activity of the Flonzaley Quartet, Pochon created with Nicolas Moldavan the Stradivarius Quartet with which he toured nine years. In 1941, he became the director of the Lausanne Conservatory, a position he held until 1957. In 1944, he created the musical Gazette of the Lausanne Conservatory.
Alfred Pochon died, after a long illness, on 26 February 1959 on his property in Lutry, Switzerland.
# Sola submachine gun

The Sola is a submachine gun that was built by Societe Luxembourgeoise SA in Luxembourg between 1954 and 1957. It uses the 9×19mm Parabellum round and is capable of using MP 40-type magazines, which were popular around Europe at the time. This weapon saw service in Africa and several are still in use today.

## Overview

The SOLA Super submachine gun is a blowback-operated, open-bolt, selective-fire weapon.
The factory barrel comes with a built-in compensator.
The fire selector is located on the left-hand side of the grip, and has three settings: Safe, semi-auto, and fully automatic.
The ejection port comes with a dust cover that, when closed, locks the bolt in position.
The weapon is fed from a 32-round (standard) staggered magazine.
The rear iron sights are flip-up, while the front is fixed in the "blade" pattern; The sights are marked for 50 (handgun range) and 150 meters.
The gun comes standard with a retractable shoulder stock.
The gun is cheap and "short-lived", breaking after only a relatively short period of use.

## Variants

2 variants of this submachine gun were built.

### Sola Light

This submachine gun was one of the few products of the Luxembourg-based SOLA S.A., a company that briefly produced submachine guns for commercial export. Along with their "Super" model, SOLA produced a "Light" submachine gun which was intended to be compact, cheap, and lightweight. In terms of design it was essentially a Sten-pattern submachine gun with an extremely basic construction comprising very few parts. It operated on a straight-blowback action housed in a stamped steel tubular receiver, fitted with a pistol grip and a retracting wire stock. The magazine feed took 32-round MP 40 mags.
The SOLA "Light" model reportedly cost less than $20 (in 1957 money) and could be produced in large quantities at short notice. However the only sales achieved were illicit deals with an arms trafficker, who supplied a large quantity of SOLA "Super" and "Light" submachine guns to FLN rebels in Algeria (detailed in the SOLA Super page). In connection with this illegal activity, the SOLA plant was raided by police in 1957 and 1,500 unsold SOLA "Light" submachine guns were confiscated, most being destroyed. SOLA briefly moved to plastics manufacturing before closing down in the early 1960s.

## Users

* Luxembourg
* Algeria
* People's Republic of the Congo.
* Sudan
# Trans-Aral Railway

The Trans-Aral Railway, also known as the Tashkent Railway, is a 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) Russian gauge railway built in 1906 to connect Kinel and Tashkent, both then within the Russian Empire. For much of the early 20th century, it was the only railway link between European Russia and Central Asia.

## Construction history

There were plans to construct the Orenburg–Tashkent line as early as 1874. Construction work did not start, however, until the autumn of 1900. The railway was simultaneously built from both ends toward a common junction. It opened in January 1906, linking the existing network of Russian and European railways to the Trans-Caspian Railway.
On January 1, 1905, the Kinel–Orenburg section of the Samara–Zlatoust line was joined to the Tashkent railway.
An extensive description of the newly built railway was published in 1910.
The Kinel–Tashkent Railway was the first line to be built across the steppe, replacing the multiple routes once used by caravans with a single, steel path. It introduced the Kazakhs to industrial modernity and tied the distant Governor-Generalship of Turkestan more firmly to the Russian metropole, allowing troops to be rushed to Central Asia and raw cotton to be exported to Moscow's textile mills.

## Economic impact

Because of the American Civil War, cotton shot up in price in the 1860s, becoming an increasingly important commodity in the region, although its cultivation was on a much lesser scale than during the Soviet period. The cotton trade led to the construction of these railroads. In the long term, the development of a cotton monoculture would render Turkestan dependent on food imports from Western Siberia, and the Turkestan–Siberia Railway was already planned when the First World War broke out.

## Post-revolutionary period

After the revolution the line was blocked by Cossacks under the command of Ataman Dutov. Cut off from food supplies, and unable to sustain itself due to forced cotton cultivation, Russian Turkestan experienced an intense famine. The temporary loss of the Trans-Aral also allowed the Tashkent Soviet a degree of autonomy from Moscow during the period immediately following the Bolshevik takeover, which resulted in atrocities like the Kokand Massacre, in which between 5,000 and 14,000 people were killed.

## Route

The line passes through several notable cities in Kazakhstan, including Aktobe, Aral, Qyzylorda, Turkistan, and Shymkent. It connects at Arys with the Turkestan–Siberia rail line toward Almaty, eastern Kazakhstan, and south Siberia.
# Mastigias

Mastigias is a genus of true jellyfish in the family Mastigiidae. It contains seven described species. Members of this genus are found widely in coastal regions of the Indo-Pacific, including saline lakes of Palau (e.g., Jellyfish Lake), but there are also records from the West Atlantic at Florida and Puerto Rico. The West Atlantic records are most likely the result of accidental introductions by humans.

## Species

According to the World Register of Marine Species, this genus includes seven species:
* Mastigias albipunctatus
* Mastigias andersoni
* Mastigias gracilis
* Mastigias ocellatus – golden medusa
* Mastigias pantherinus
* Mastigias papua – spotted jelly
* Mastigias siderea

## Synapomorphies

For reproduction, Mastigias pupua has adopted a mono-mode reproductive strategy that develops only free-swimming buds. Mastigias organisms also are able to produce swimming frustules, a hard and porous cell wall covering diatoms.

## Habitat

The genus Mastigias is native to the western and central Indo-Pacific, from Australia to Japan, and Micronesia to the Indian Ocean. However, most Mastigias organisms choose to live in landlocked marine lakes. Behavioral differences among this genus do occur with varying habitats. Marine lake Mastigias' swim slower than their oceanic ancestors. The Mastigias genus may have to adapt to a habitat with warmer temperatures. With growing temperature deviation above the average, organisms within this genus have seen a decrease in population as well as growing mortality rates.

## Interactions

Mastigias jellyfish have a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae living in host gastrodermal cells where they exhibit phased division. The Mastigias genus of jellyfish symbiotically produce ephyrae only in the presence of Symbiodinium, in a process called strobilation.
# Clément Robitaille

Clément Robitaille (French pronunciation:; 30 June 1873 – 16 January 1932) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Saint-Sulpice, Quebec and became a lawyer.
Robitaille attended Université Laval where he received his law degree, then was called to the bar in 1899.
He was first elected to Parliament at the Maisonneuve riding in the 1921 general election. He was re-elected there in 1925, 1926 and 1930.
Robitaille died in Montreal on 16 January 1932 before completing his term in the 17th Canadian Parliament.
# Carlton Davidson

Carlton E. Davidson (June 26, 1905 – July 20, 1984) was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives.
# Bill Donham

William W. Donham (August 21, 1918 – April 15, 1998) was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives.
# Charlie Earl

Charles R. Earl (born June 6, 1946) is an American politician and former member of the Ohio House of Representatives 80th district from 1981 to 1984 when he declined to seek reelection. A member of the Libertarian Party, he received enough signatures to obtain ballot access and become a candidate for Governor of Ohio in the 2014 election.

## Early life, education, and family

Earl was born in Fostoria, Ohio, a town near Findlay. Charlie attended public schools in Sycamore, Ohio and then enrolled at College of Wooster graduating in 1975 with a Bachelor of Arts in English. Later, Earl enrolled at Bowling Green State University graduating in 1992 with a Master of Arts in mass communication but stayed for two more years pursuing doctoral studies.

## Ohio House of Representatives (1981–1984)

With Mike Oxley elected to Congress in a special election following the death of Congressman Tennyson Guyer, Earl was appointed to serve the remainder of Oxley's term in the Ohio House of Representatives. In 1982, Earl won election to a full term. In 1984, Earl opted not to run for another term, and was succeeded by Lynn Wachtmann. He subsequently returned to the private sector.

## 2010 Ohio Secretary of State election

In 2010, Earl decided to run for office, this time as a Libertarian. While initially looking to obtain his seat back in the Ohio House of Representatives, he decided to instead run for Ohio Secretary of State. He lost the election, and has since again returned to private life.

## 2014 gubernatorial election

Earl has announced his candidacy for Governor of Ohio. Earl has achieved enough valid signatures to obtain ballot access in the election. However, he was barred from the ballot because of technical faults in the signatures collected. The decision was appealed in federal court but the court determined the signatures were not collected by Libertarian Party or independent petitioners as required by law.

## Electoral history

Election results :
| Year | Office | Election | Subject | Party | Votes | % | Opponent | Party | Votes | % | Opponent | Party | Votes | % |
| 2010 | Ohio Secretary of State | General | Charlie Earl | Libertarian | 179,495 | 4.9% | Jon Husted | Republican | 1,973,422 | 54.0% | Maryellen O'Shaughnessy | Democratic | 1,500,648 | 41.1% |
# Rex Kieffer Jr.

Rex Kieffer (May 8, 1929 – October 26, 2001) was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives.
# Harry Jump

Harry V. Jump (November 7, 1914 – February 14, 1989) was a former member of the Ohio Senate. He served the 13th District from 1967 to 1968. Jump resigned midway throughout his term to serve under Ohio Governor Jim Rhodes. He was succeeded by Robert J. Corts He later served as Senate Clerk, then Insurance Director under Jim Rhodes in the seventies. He died at his home in Willard, Ohio, on February 14, 1989, of an apparent heart attack.
# A. G. Lancione

Americus Gabe Lancione (February 12, 1907 – November 5, 1989) was a Democratic member of the Ohio House of Representatives from Belmont County, Ohio, who served as Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1973-1975. A portion of Route 7 in Bellaire, OH is dedicated to his service and is known as the A.G. Lancione Memorial Highway.
# Walter McClaskey

Walter Donald McClaskey (July 29, 1918 – July 16, 1988) was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives.
# Richard Pollard McClain

Richard Pollard McClain (1890 - 1965) was a doctor, businessman, and state legislator in Ohio. He was born in Nicholasville, Kentucky to Meredith and Ellen McClain. He lived in Cincinnati as a teenager. He studied at Cincinnati High School and Howard University. He married Alice E. Martin in 1918. He worked in Cincinnati.
He served on the city council in 1935 and 1937. He was accused of performing an illegal abortion. He was a Republican.
He was a dentist. He sponsored a bill prohibiting employment discrimination in the public sector.
# Louis Nippert

Louis Nippert (December 24, 1903 – November 16, 1992) was an American attorney, and majority owner of the Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball (MLB) from January 1973 to February 1981.

## Biography

Nippert was born in Cincinnati in 1903, a great-grandson of James Gamble, a founder of Procter & Gamble. Nippert attended the University of Cincinnati, where he was a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity and earned his law degree in 1928. He was awarded an honorary doctorate in 1971. He worked as an attorney, and served two terms in the Ohio House of Representatives, having won election in November 1928 and November 1930 as a Republican candidate representing Hamilton County.
In December 1966, Nippert bought into the Cincinnati Reds as part of the ownership group led by Francis L. Dale. He bought majority control of the franchise in January 1973. Nippert was at the helm for the Reds' most successful era, in which they won the World Series of 1975 and 1976. Like Dale before him, Nippert was mostly a hands-off owner, leaving the team in the hands of general manager Bob Howsam, who added the title of team president when Nippert became principal owner.
On February 20, 1981, Nippert sold his interest to a group headed by minority owners William and James Williams.
Nippert was also a limited owner of the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League. Nippert Stadium in Cincinnati, home field of the Cincinnati Bearcats football team, was named after his brother, James, who died following an injury in a college football game in 1923.
Nippert died in November 1992, aged 89. He was married and was survived by his wife, Louise, who died in July 2012, aged 100.
# Lucien-Anatole Prévost-Paradol

Lucien-Anatole Prévost-Paradol (French pronunciation:; 8 August 1829 – 20 July 1870) was a French journalist and essayist.

## Background

Prévost-Paradol was born in Paris, France, conceived through an irregular liaison between the opera singer Lucinde Paradol and the writer Léon Halévy. When Halévy later married Alexandrine Le Bas, his wife agreed to adopt the child, who was then brought up with their own children.

## Education and works

Prévost-Paradol was educated at the College Bourbon and entered the École Normale. In 1855, he was appointed professor of French literature at Aix. He held the post barely a year, resigning it to become a leader-writer on the Journal des débats. He also wrote in the Courrier du dimanche, and for a very short time in the Presse.
His chief works are Essais de politique et de littérature (three series, 1859–1866), and Essais sur les moralistes français (1864). He was, however, rather a journalist than a writer of books, and was one of the chief opponents of the empire on the side of moderate liberalism. He underwent the usual difficulties of a journalist under that regime, and was once imprisoned. In 1865, he was elected to the Académie française.
August Strindberg referred to him in his novel The Growth of a Soul:
   Now he took to reading again. Chance brought into his hand two of "the best books which one can read." They were De Tocqueville's Democracy in America and Prévost-Paradol's The New France. The former increased his doubts as to the possibility of democracy in an uncultivated community. Written with sincere admiration for the political institutions of America, which the author holds up as a pattern for Europe, this work points out so sincerely the dangers of democracy, as to make even a born hater of the aristocracy pause.

## Death

He committed suicide in Washington, D.C. by gunshot. He shot himself on 11 July 1870, and died nine days later, on account of the Franco-Prussian War while serving as French ambassador to the United States.
# Roger Cloud

Roger Ellwood Cloud (December 4, 1909 – April 20, 1988), was an American politician of the Republican party who represented Ohio in several capacities.
Having worked as a farmer and a factory worker, Cloud won election to the local school board in DeGraff. In 1940, he won office as a county commissioner in Logan County, Ohio. He served in this office from 1941 to 1949.
In 1948, Cloud ran successfully for a seat in the Ohio House of Representatives, serving from 1949. Cloud held the office of Speaker of the House from 1955 to 1959 and from 1961 to 1967.
In 1965, Ohio State Auditor Roger W. Tracy died and Governor James A. Rhodes appointed Chester W. Goble as a temporary replacement. Rhodes chose Cloud to complete Tracy's term as auditor and in 1966, Cloud was elected to the position and served in that office from 1967 to 1971.
In 1970, Cloud was nominated for Governor of Ohio as incumbent Jim Rhodes was term-limited. He defeated Congressman Donald "Buz" Lukens in the primary, but lost to Democrat John J. Gilligan. That year the Ohio Republican Party was caught up in the "Crofters" scandal where the Republican state treasurer, John Herbert, had invested state money in improper investments with a big campaign contributor. After this defeat, Cloud retired from politics.
Cloud's wife was the former Llewellyn DeWeese; they were married in 1934.
# Prayer for Judgement Continued

A Prayer for Judgment Continued (PJC) is a judicial action unique to the U.S. state of North Carolina that allows a judge to acknowledge a defendant’s guilt without entering a formal judgment. This unique mechanism can prevent the imposition of certain penalties, such as fines or points on a driver’s license, offering defendants an opportunity to avoid some consequences of a conviction.
A PJC serves as a judicial reprieve where, despite a guilty plea or verdict, the court withholds final judgment. This deferment can result in the absence of typical penalties associated with the offense. For instance, in traffic violations, a PJC may mean no fines or points added to the offender’s driving record. However, court costs are generally still applicable.

## Eligibility

Not all offenses or individuals qualify for a PJC. Considerations include:
* Nature of the Offense: PJCs are commonly granted for minor traffic violations, such as speeding or running a red light. Serious offenses, including driving while intoxicated (DWI) or speeding more than 25 mph over the limit, are typically ineligible.
* Frequency of Use: An individual may be granted a PJC once every three years for insurance purposes and up to two PJCs every five years to avoid points on a driver’s license. These limitations often apply per household, not per individual.
* Commercial Drivers: Holders of commercial driver’s licenses are generally not eligible for a PJC, even for minor offenses.

## Implications

While a PJC can mitigate certain penalties, it does not erase the offense entirely. The record of the offense remains, and in some contexts, such as insurance assessments, it may still be considered. Additionally, if conditions are attached to the PJC—like community service or probation—it may be regarded as a final judgment.