OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2003 Alps Tour

The 2003 Alps Tour was the third season of the Alps Tour, a third-tier golf tour recognised by the European Tour.

## Schedule

The following table lists official events during the 2003 season.
| Date | Tournament | Host country | Purse (€) | Winner |
| 21 Mar | Packaging Open | Morocco | 45,000 | Benoît Teilleria (2) |
| 19 Apr | Open de la Commission Professionnelle | France | 40,000 | Grégory Bourdy (1) |
| 4 May | Gösser Open | Austria | 30,000 | Gordon Manson (3) |
| 18 May | Open de Marcilly | France | 45,000 | Jean-Louis Guépy (1) |
| 23 May | Open Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze | Italy | 30,000 | Marco Bernardini (1) |
| 1 Jun | Open de Bordeaux | France | 40,000 | Grégory Bourdy (2) |
| 13 Jun | Intersport EYBL NÖ Open | Austria | 27,000 | Alexandre Chopard (1) |
| 17 Jun | Waldviertel Open | Austria | 27,000 | Felipe Aguilar (1) |
| 22 Jun | Memorial Olivier Barras | Switzerland | 35,000 | Felipe Aguilar (2) |
| 28 Jun | Citibank Open | Italy | 30,000 | Emanuele Lattanzi (1) |
| 5 Jul | Open de Neuchâtel | Switzerland | 30,000 | Alexandre Balicki (2) |
| 11 Jul | Memorial Antonio Roncoroni | Italy | 35,000 | Emanuele Lattanzi (2) |
| 31 Jul | Brianza Open | Italy | 27,000 | Emanuele Lattanzi (3) |
| 19 Aug | Intercontinental Open | Austria | 30,000 | Andrea Zanini (3) |
| 13 Sep | Steigenberger Open | Austria | 30,000 | Elvis Galéra (1) |
| 19 Sep | Asolo Open | Italy | 30,000 | Alexandre Chopard (2) |
| 12 Oct | Open de Poitiers | France | 40,000 | Raphaël Pellicioli (2) |
| 19 Oct | Masters 13 | France | 50,000 | Jean-François Remésy (1) |
| 24 Oct | Montecatini International Open | Italy | 30,000 | Jean-Marc de Polo (1) |

## Order of Merit

The Order of Merit was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in euros. The top four players on the Order of Merit earned status to play on the 2004 Challenge Tour.
| Position | Player | Prize money (€) | Status earned |
| 1 | Emmanuele Lattanzi | 25,857 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 2 | Alexandre Chopard | 20,074 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 3 | Jean-Marc de Polo | 18,595 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 4 | Philippe Lima | 18,179 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 5 | Grégory Bourdy | 17,461 | |
| 6 | Sarel Son-Houi | 17,408 | |
| 7 | Elvis Galéra | 15,398 | |
| 8 | Mickaël Dieu | 12,479 | |
| 9 | Jean-Nicolas Billot | 11,935 | |
| 10 | Bruno-Teva Lecuona | 11,215 | |
# Kim Dong-hwan

Kim Dong-hwan (born 8 January 1960) is a South Korean cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 15 kilometre event at the 1980 Winter Olympics.
# Gilbert Jack

Gilbert Jack (Latinized as Gilbertus Jacch(a)eus; c. 1578 – April 17, 1628) was a Scottish Ramist philosopher and physician.

## Life

He was born in Aberdeen, and studied at Marischal College under Robert Howie. In 1598 he went to the University of Helmstedt.
He was professor, later of physics, at the University of Leiden, from 1605. He was dismissed in 1619, suspected of sympathy with the Remonstrants; he was reinstated in 1623.
In 1626 he held the funeral oration for his deceased colleague Willebrord Snellius.
He died in Leiden.
His students included Franck Burgersdijk and Adolph Vorstius.

## Works

* Institutiones Physicae (1614)
* Primae Philosophiae Institutiones (1616)
* Institutiones Medicae (1624)
The Institutiones Physicae is in nine books, and accepts the occult influence of the heavens.
# The Subconscious Art of Graffiti Removal

The Subconscious Art of Graffiti Removal (USA, 2001, 16 min) is an experimental documentary directed by filmmaker Matt McCormick, based on the ideas of Avalon Kalin and narrated by Miranda July that makes the tongue-in-cheek argument that municipal efforts by Portland, Oregon to mask and erase graffiti is an important new movement in modern art stemming from the repressed artistic desires of city workers.
The film screened at Sundance Film Festival and the Museum of Modern Art and received both critical and popular acclaim.
# 1963 Prairie View A&M Panthers football team

The 1963 Prairie View A&M Panthers football team was an American football team that represented Prairie View A&M University in the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1963 NCAA College Division football season. In their 15th season under head coach Billy Nicks, the Panthers compiled a 10–1 record (7–0 against SWAC opponents), won the SWAC championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 364 to 144.
The Panthers were recognized by the Pittsburgh Courier as the 1963 black college football national champion with a rating of 26.00, well ahead of second-place North Carolina College at 23.00 and third-place Morgan State at 21.97. At the end of the season, the team was invited to participate in the small college playoffs sponsored by the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), marking the first time a black college was invited to participate in the playoffs. Prairie View defeated Nebraska State Teachers in the NAIA semifinal game before losing to John Gagliardi's Saint John's Johnnies in the NAIA Championship Game at the Camellia Bowl.
Key players for Prairie View included quarterback Jimmy Kearney and halfbacks Otis Taylor and Ezell Seals. Taylor later played 11 seasons for the Kansas City Chiefs.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 13 | at Lackland Air Force Base* | Lackland Air Force BaseSan Antonio, TX | W 22–14 | |
| September 21 | Jackson State | Blackshear StadiumPrairie View, TX | W 28–12 | |
| October 5 | at Texas Southern | Jeppesen StadiumHouston, TX | W 44–6 | 14,000–26,000 |
| October 14 | vs. Wiley | Cotton BowlDallas, TX (State Fair Classic) | W 27–10 | |
| October 19 | at Grambling | Grambling StadiumGrambling, LA | W 28–7 | 10,000 |
| October 26 | at Arkansas AM&N | Pumphrey StadiumPine Bluff, AR | W 36–21 | 5,198 |
| November 9 | Bishop* | Blackshear StadiumPrairie View, TX | W 53–14 | 200 |
| November 16 | at Alcorn A&M | Henderson StadiumLorman, MS | W 44–20 | |
| November 23 | at Southern | University StadiumBaton Rouge, LA | W 35–0 | |
| December 7 | at Kearney State* | Foster FieldKearney, NE (NAIA semifinal) | W 20–7 | |
| December 14 | vs. Saint John's (MN)* | Charles C. Hughes StadiumSacramento, CA (NAIA Championship Game—Camellia Bowl) | L 27–33 | 12,200 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecoming ||||||
# P. J. Gallagher (politician)

Patrick James Gallagher (June 28, 1915 – October 27, 1991) was an American politician in the state of Washington. He served in the Washington House of Representatives from 1961 to 1991.
# Buddo hill

Buddo, sometimes spelled as Budo, is a hill in Wakiso District, Central Uganda. Phonetically, Buddo is the correct spelling in Luganda, the native language of the local area.

## Location

Buddo is located in Busiro County, Wakiso District, off of the Kampala-Masaka Highway, approximately 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) by road southwest of Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city.

## Overview

With a peak at 1,300 metres (4,300 ft) above sea level, Buddo is an important hill in the environs of Kampala. It carries cultural and academic significance. The cultural coronation site, where the Kabaka of Buganda is enthroned in a traditional ceremony is located on Buddo Hill and is known as Naggalabi Buddo. The hill is also the location of several elementary, middle and high schools, including Kings College Budo, a prestigious mixed boarding high school, attended by Buganda's Kings starting with Captain Sir Daudi Chwa II, the thirty-fourth (34th) Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda, who reigned between 1897 and 1939.

## Landmarks

Buddo contains the following landmarks:
* Kings College Budo - A prestigious mixed boarding high school
* Budo junior school
* Budo Senior Secondary School - A mixed non-residential high school
* Kisozi High School Buddo
* Naggalabi Buddo - The site where the Kabaka of Buganda is enthroned in a traditional ceremony.
* Matutu Memorial Primary School
* St. Jude Primary School
* Abatec Islamic School
# Kim Gwan-hyeon

Kim Gwan-hyeon (born 7 February 1955) is a South Korean judoka. He competed in the men's open category event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Tuaolo Manaia Fruean

Tuaolo Manaia Fruean (born March 1945) is an American Samoan politician, judge, and civil servant. He has served in both the American Samoa House of Representatives and the American Samoa Senate, and as Commissioner of Public Safety in the Cabinet of Governor Togiola Tulafono. Since 2021 he has been President of the American Samoa Senate.
Before entering politics Tuaolo was an associate judge of the High Court of American Samoa. He served as a member of the American Samoa House of Representatives for ten years, before being elected to the American Samoa Senate in the 2000 elections and serving as a Senator from 2001 to 2008. He served as president pro tempore of the Senate following the death of Senate President Lutu Tenari Fuimaono, and was a candidate for Senate President after the 2004 elections. He was not-elected in 2008, and was replaced as a Senator by Asuega Fa'amamata.
In 2009, he was nominated as Commissioner of Public Safety in the Cabinet of Governor Togiola Tulafono.
In July 2013, he was confirmed as American Samoa's Chief Election Officer.
In June 2015, he was re-elected to the Senate, replacing Mauga Tasi Asuega who had been appointed Secretary of Samoan Affairs. He was replaced as Election Commissioner by Lealofi Uiagalelei. He was re-elected to the Senate in the 2016 election, but was then nominated as Commissioner of Public Safety in the Cabinet of Governor Lolo Matalasi Moliga. He declined to accept the role, saying that he would prefer to remain as a Senator.
He was re-elected as a Senator in 2020. In January 2021, he was unanimously elected as President of the Senate.
# Thomas Jenkins (Wisconsin politician, born 1801)

Thomas Jenkins (1801–1866) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

## Biography

Jenkins was born in March 1801. Later, he settled in what is now Dodgeville, Wisconsin (at the time part of Michigan Territory). During the Black Hawk War, Jenkins fought under the command of Henry Dodge. He was wounded in the hip during the Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1832). Jenkins died in 1866.

## Political career

Jenkins was a member of the Assembly in 1848. Previously, he had been a member of the Legislature of the Wisconsin Territory and a delegate to the constitutional convention to write the Constitution of Wisconsin. He was a Democrat.
# Margaret of Brandenburg (1410–1465)

Margaret of Brandenburg (1410 – 27 July 1465, Landshut) was a Princess of Brandenburg by birth and through successive marriages Duchess of Mecklenburg, Duchess of Bavaria-Ingolstadt and Countess of Waldenfels.
Margaret was a daughter of Elector Frederick I of Brandenburg (1371–1440) from his marriage to Elisabeth of Bavaria-Landshut (1383–1442 ), daughter of Duke Frederick of Bavaria-Landshut. Margaret's brothers were Frederick II and Albert III Achilles, who successively ruled Brandenburg.
She married in 1423 Duke Albert V of Mecklenburg, but he died shortly after his marriage, even before they could begin living together. Margaret received as dowry Dömitz and Gorlosen from her father.
On 20 July 1441 Margaret married Louis VIII of Bavaria-Ingolstadt (1403–1445), to secure peace in the land. Through this marriage, Louis regained possessions he had lost to Elector Frederick I during the Bavarian War of 1420–1422. Two children were born of this marriage. Both, however, died young.
In 1446, finally, Margaret secretly married her tutor, Count Martin of Waldenfels (d. 1471). This relationship has been incorporated into the tragedy Louis the Bearded by Georg Köberle, published in 1844.

## References and sources

* Beatrix Schönewald (2004), "Die Herzoginnen von Bayern-Ingolstadt", Sammelblatt des Historischen Vereins Ingolstadt (in German), vol. 113, pp. 35–54, especially pp. 52–53
* Bernhard Glasauer (2009), Herzog Heinrich XVI. (1393–1450) der Reiche von Bayern-Landshut. Territorialpolitik zwischen Dynastie und Reich (thesis), Münchner Beiträge zur Geschichtswissenschaft (in German), vol. 5, München: Herbert Utz Verlag, ISBN 978-3-8316-0899-7
* Renate Kremer (2000), Die Auseinandersetzungen um das Herzogtum Bayern-Ingolstadt 1438–1450 (thesis), Schriftenreihe zur bayerischen Landesgeschichte (in German), vol. 113, München: C. H. Beck, ISBN 3-406-10694-3
* Theodor Straub (1992), "Die fünf Ingolstädter Herzoginnen", Bayern-Ingolstadt, Bayern-Landshut. 1392–1506. Glanz und Elend einer Teilung (in German), Ingolstadt: Stadtarchiv Ingolstadt, pp. 43–50, especially pp. 49–50, ISBN 3-932113-06-3

## Footnotes

* ↑ Ludwig Ernst Hahn: Kurfürst Friedrich der Erste von Brandenburg, Hertz, 1859, p. 210
* ↑ Carl Friedrich Goeschel: Elisabeth, die erste Kurfürstin von Brandenburg aus dem Hause Hohenzollern, Mittler, 1844, S. 35
* ↑ Max Spindler, Andreas Kraus: Handbuch der bayerischen Geschichte, Band 2, S. 204
* This article about a German duchess is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Kōshō Uchiyama

Kosho Uchiyama (内山 興正, Uchiyama Kōshō, 1912 – March 13, 1998) was a Sōtō Zen monk, origami master, and abbot of Antai-ji near Kyoto, Japan.
Uchiyama was author of more than twenty books on Zen Buddhism and origami, of which Opening the Hand of Thought: Foundations of Zen Buddhist Practice is best known.

## Education and career

Uchiyama graduated from Waseda University with a master's degree in Western philosophy in 1937 and was ordained a priest in 1941 by his teacher Kōdō Sawaki. Throughout his life, Uchiyama lived with the damaging effects of tuberculosis.
Uchiyama became abbot of Antai-ji following Sawaki's death in 1965 until he retired in 1975 to Nokei-in, also near Kyoto, where he lived with his wife. Following the death of his teacher he led a forty-nine-day sesshin in memorial of his teacher. In retirement he continued his writing, the majority of which consisted of poetry.

## Opening the Hand of Thought

Opening the Hand of Thought, first published in English in 1993 by Arkana Press, was edited by Jishō Cary Warner, and translated by Thomas Wright and Uchiyama's Dharma heir Shohaku Okumura. Portions of the book first appeared in a different English language translation in the author's Approach to Zen: The Reality of Zazen, Japan Publications, 1973. The book attempts a straightforward and practical description of Zen, with a emphasis on the practice of zazen, and uses comparisons of Buddhism and Christianity as a way for westerners to understand Uchiyama's approach
His summary is:
   "one zazen, two practices, three minds"
which refers to his own formula: two practices of "vow" and "repentance", and three minds: "magnanimous mind, nurturing mind and joyful mind". He says his book covers butsudō, the effort of an individual to actualize their universal self.
# Soldiers of the Algerian Opposition

Soldiers of the Algerian Opposition (French: Soldats de l'Opposition Algérienne or SOA) was a French-based Algerian paramilitary organization active during the 1970s.

## History

The SOA was formed in the late 1960s by Mouloud Kaouane under impetus from the SDECE, France's external intelligence agency. The organization's stated aim was to unite all opposition against the government of Houari Boumédiène, inside and outside of Algeria, to overthrow his regime and install a pro-European, democratic government. The SOA recruited mostly from disaffected Pied-noir and Harki communities in France but also from Kabyle and middle-class Arab dissidents in Algeria.

## Activities

In January 1976, the SOA claimed responsibility for a bomb attack on the print works of the Algerian daily newspaper, El Moudjahid and attacks on the military courts of Constantine and Oran carried out by Berber activists. The Constantine bomb was diffused before it could go off but those in Algiers and Oran detonated.
The group has also been linked to the Aginter Press and a number of attacks against Algerian targets in Europe, including the 1973 bombing of the Algerian consulate in Marseille.

## Personalities

* Mohamed Haroun
* Smaïl Medjeber
* Joseph Ortiz
# Ranunculus lobbii

Ranunculus lobbii is a species of buttercup known by the common name Lobb's buttercup, or Lobb's aquatic buttercup in the family Ranunculaceae. It is native to a few areas in western North America, where it is reported from British Columbia, Oregon, and northern California. It is an aquatic plant, growing in various types of shallow-water habitat, including forest ponds and vernal pools. It is an annual herb producing submerged stems 20 to 80 centimeters long which may float at the surface. The blades of the leaves are tiny and divided into threadlike segments. If any leaves develop on stem parts which are exposed to air they are much different in morphology, developing larger, more robust leaves. Flowers have generally 5 petals which are white in color and about half a centimeter long. Many stamens and pistils fill the center of the flower. The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster.
# Scythe Physics Editor

Scythe is a free software physics modeling program. It allows the merging of physics and graphics content in one package. It provides native support for modeling the rigid body physics for the Newton Game Dynamics, the Open Dynamics Engine and PhysX engine. The Physics Abstraction Layer also provides support for the Scythe format.

## History

The Scythe Physics Editor was first developed as closed source software in 2006. It was released as open source software with a GNU General Public License in September 2007, after the developers decided to focus activities on a new game.

## Features

* Allows artists to control the physics environment
* Character and ragdoll editor
* Supports multiple physics engines
* Can create concave hulls for objects
# Arca imbricata

Arca imbricata, or the Mossy ark clam, is a clam in the family Arcidae. It can be found along the Atlantic coast of North America, ranging from North Carolina to the West Indies, Brazil, and Bermuda.

## Description

Arca imbricata grows to about 2 ins (5 cm) in length. The valves have a roughly rectangular shape with a rounded anterior end and a slightly pointed posterior end. They are usually purplish-white in colour, but live specimens are covered in a thin brown protective periostracum. There are some distinct ribs on the posterior end and the margin is smooth. The hinge is long and straight with a number of fine teeth.
# Jackson Orr

Jackson Orr (September 21, 1832 – March 15, 1926) was a lawyer, Civil War officer, businessman, and two-term Republican U.S. Representative from western Iowa. Continuing westward, he spent the last five decades of his life in Colorado.
Born at Washington Court House, Ohio, Orr moved with his parents to Benton, Indiana, in 1836. He attended the common schools and Indiana University at Bloomington. He moved to Jefferson, Iowa, in 1856. He studied law and was admitted to the bar. From 1861 to 1863, he served in the Union Army as captain of Company H, 10th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment . He engaged in mercantile pursuits in the City of Montana (now Boone), Iowa, and served as member of the Iowa House of Representatives in 1868. That year, (when Iowa had six seats in the U.S. House), he fell two votes short of winning the Republican nomination to represent Iowa's 6th congressional district.
In 1870 Orr won the Republican nomination, and was elected to represent the 6th district in the 42nd United States Congress. Based on the 1870 census, Iowa received three more seats in the House, and Orr's home county was then included in Iowa's new 9th congressional district. Running in the new district, Orr won election to the 43rd United States Congress, where he chaired the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Interior. He served in Congress from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875.
Orr was not a candidate for renomination in 1874, but instead moved to Silverton, a mining town in a newly opened area of southwestern Colorado Territory, in 1875.
In Colorado, Orr was elected county judge and served for three years. He moved to Denver, Colorado, and engaged in the practice of his profession and also in the real estate business. In 1882, President Chester A. Arthur appointed him as one of three commissioners to implement a treaty between the United States and the Ute tribe. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination for Colorado's at-large Congressional seat in 1884. He served as president of the Denver Fire and Police Board in 1893 and 1894.
He died in Denver on March 15, 1926. He was interred in Fairmount Cemetery in Denver.
# Bill Dodd

William Joseph Dodd (November 25, 1909 – November 16, 1991) was an American politician who held five positions in the Louisiana state government in the mid-20th century, including state representative, lieutenant governor, state auditor, president and member of the State Board of Education, and state education superintendent.
Dodd died of cancer in Baton Rouge General Medical Center on the day of the Edwin Edwards-David Duke gubernatorial showdown. Memorial services were held at his home church, the Southside Baptist Church in Baton Rouge on November 18, 1991, with John Robson officiating.
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# Just a Common Soldier

"Just a Common Soldier", also known as "A Soldier Died Today", is a poem written in 1987.
Written and published in 1987 by Canadian veteran and columnist A. Lawrence Vaincourt, it now appears in a number of anthologies and newspapers, particularly around Remembrance Day.
The Australian Legion included it in their video tribute, Victory in the Pacific, and it was a central part of the 2009 Royal British Legion Poppy Appeal.
In 2008 it was carved into marble for an American veterans' memorial.
Set to music by the author's son, composer Randy Vancourt, it has been released several times as a recording, most recently on November 1, 2013 by American singer Connie Francis.
# Yasny, Amur Oblast

Yasny (Russian: Ясный) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Oktyabrsky Selsoviet of Zeysky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2018.

## Geography

Yasny is located near the left bank of the Dep River, 171 km southeast of Zeya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yubileyny is the nearest rural locality.
# John C. Kemble

John Cleveland Kemble (February 22, 1800 — April 14, 1843) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Life

Kemble married Mary Ann Whipple on December 28, 1823. Their marriage produced two sons, Edward Cleveland Kemble and Rodney Albert Kemble, before Mary Ann (Whipple) Kemble died of consumption in 1831.
Kemble published the Troy Budget from 1827 to 1836 and was a member of the New York State Assembly representing Rensselaer County in 1832.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (3rd District) from 1834 to 1836, sitting in the 57th, 58th and 59th New York State Legislatures.
Kemble resigned his seat on May 22, 1836, after accusations of fraudulent stock trading.
Afterwards he removed to Rockford, Illinois, and practiced law there. In 1837, he married Charlotte M. Potts.
In 1840, Kemble became insane, and was taken to a mental hospital on the East Coast. He died three years later, and was buried at the Old South Cemetery in Ipswich, Massachusetts.
His son Edward Cleveland Kemble (1828–1886) took part in the Conquest of California, and edited the first English-language newspaper in California, the California Star. Edward Kemble was also the father of famous illustrator Edward Windsor Kemble (1861–1933).

## Sources

* The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 130f, 142, 213 and 285; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)
* The Lives and Opinions of Benjamin Franklin Butler and Jesse Hoyt by William Lyon Mackenzie (Cook & Co., Boston, 1845; Ch. XXX: "Bishop and Kemble's stock jobbing...", pg. 124ff)
* Marriage notice in The Rural Repository (Hudson NY, issue of October 14, 1837; pg. 71)
* History of Rockford and Winnebago County (Chapter X: "John C. Kemble: The First Lawyer")
* "Edward Kemble" at Media Museum of Northern California
* Short bio of E. W. Kemble at Book Rags
New York State Senate :
| Preceded byWilliam Dietz | New York State Senate Third District (Class 3) 1834–1836 | Succeeded byAlonzo C. Paige |