# Waldo Tobler bibliography

Waldo Tobler's (November 16, 1930 – February 20, 2018) publications span between 1957 and 2017, with his most productive year being 1973. Despite retirement in 1994, he continued to be involved with research for the remainder of his life. Most of his publications consist of peer-reviewed journals, without single-issue textbooks or monographs, and the quantity of publications is noted as being unremarkable compared to modern geographers. Many of his works are foundational to modern geography and cartography, and still frequently cited in modern publications, including the first paper on using computers in cartography, the establishment of analytical cartography, and coining Tobler's first and second laws of geography. His work covered a wide range of topics, with many of his papers considered to be "cartographic classics", that serve as required reading for both graduate and undergraduate students.
The Library of Congress maintains some of Tobler's early work in "The Waldo Tobler Collection," and the UC Santa Barbra Library maintains a collection of his material donated by his widow in "The Waldo Tobler Academic Archives." During his life, there were several book chapters dedicated to discussing him, and an entry in the twentieth-century volume of the History of Cartography. Many of his publications were included in "select publications" or "key readings" section in these chapters. After his death, several articles in his honor discussed his publications, including a review of all his publications in the journal "Geographic Analysis".

## Peer-reviewed articles
### Single author

| Title | Date | Journal/publication | Identifier |
| The Multiple Use Concept in Cartography | 1957 | The Professional Geographer | doi:10.1111/j.0033-0124.1957.095_5.x |
| Automation and Cartography | 1959 | The Geographical Review | doi:10.2307/212211 |
| World Map on a Moebius Strip | 1961 | Surveying and Mapping | |
| Tissot's Indicatrix and Photogrammetry | 1962 | Photogrammetric Engineering | Link |
| A Classification of Map Projections | 1962 | Annals of the Association of American Geographers | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1962.tb00403.x |
| The Polar Case of Hammer's Projection | 1962 | The Professional Geographer | doi:10.1111/j.0033-0124.1962.142_20.x |
| Geographic Area and Map Projections | 1963 | The Geographical Review | doi:10.2307/212809 |
| Geographic Ordering of Information | 1963 | The Canadian Geographer | doi:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1963.tb00806.x |
| A Comparison of Spherical and Ellipsoidal Values | 1964 | The Professional Geographer | doi:10.1111/j.0033-0124.1964.009_q.x |
| Automation in the preparation of thematic maps | 1965 | The Cartographic Journal | doi:10.1179/caj.1965.2.1.32 |
| Medieval Distortions: The Projections of Ancient Maps | 1965 | Annals of the Association of American Geographers | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1966.tb00562.x |
| Computation of the correspondence of geographical patterns | 1965 | Papers in Regional Science | doi:10.1007/BF01947869 |
| Notes on Two Projections | 1966 | The Cartographic Journal | doi:10.1179/caj.1966.3.2.87 |
| Of Maps and Matrices | 1967 | Journal of Regional Science | |
| Computer Use in Geography | 1967 | Behavioral Science | doi:10.1002/bs.3830120108 |
| Satellite Confirmation of Settlement Size Coefficients | 1969 | Area | doi:10.3133/ofr69285 |
| Geographical Filters and their Inverse | 1969 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1969.tb00621.x |
| A Computer Movie Simulating Urban Growth in the Detroit Region | 1970 | Economic Geography | doi:10.2307/143141 |
| Regional Analysis: Time Series Extended to Two Dimensions | 1973 | Geographia Polonica | |
| The hyperelliptical and other new pseudocylindrical equal area map projections | 1973 | Journal of Geophysical Research | doi:10.1029/JB078i011p01753 |
| A Continuous Transformation Useful for Districting | 1973 | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1973.tb41401.x |
| Choropleth Maps Without Class Intervals? | 1973 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1973.tb01012.x |
| Local Map Projections | 1974 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304074784107827 |
| A Computer Program to Draw Perspective Views of Geographical Data | 1974 | The American Cartographer | |
| A Preliminary Analysis of the Spread of the Depression | 1975 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1975.tb01055.x |
| Analytical Cartography | 1976 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304076784080230 |
| The Comparison of Plane Forms | 1978 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1978.tb00004.x |
| Comparing Figures by Regression | 1978 | Computer Graphics | doi:10.1145/965139.807389 |
| A Proposal for an Equal Area Map of the Entire World on Mercator's Projection | 1978 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304078784022827 |
| A Transformational View of Cartography | 1978 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304079784023104 |
| Lattice Tuning | 1979 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1979.tb00671.x |
| A Geographical Migration Probability Density Function | 1979 | Ontario Geography | |
| Smooth Pycnophylactic Interpolation for Geographical Regions | 1979 | Journal of the American Statistical Association | doi:10.1080/01621459.1979.10481647 |
| Estimation of Attractivities from Interactions | 1979 | Environment and Planning A | doi:10.1068/a110121 |
| Depicting Federal Fiscal Transfers | 1981 | The Professional Geographer | doi:10.1111/j.0033-0124.1981.00419.x |
| A Model of Geographic Movement | 1981 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1981.tb00711.x |
| An Alternate Formulation for Spatial Interaction Modeling | 1983 | Environment and Planning A | doi:10.1068/a150693 |
| The Morphology of Geographical Change | 1985 | Ontario Geography | |
| Derivation of a Spatially Continuous Transportation Model | 1985 | Transportation Research | doi:10.1016/0191-2607(85)90024-X |
| Polycylindric Map Projections | 1986 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304086783900040 |
| Pseudo–Cartograms | 1986 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304086783900194 |
| Measuring the Similarity of Map Projections" | 1986 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304086783900103 |
| The geographic movement of wealth in the United States | 1986 | MappeMonde | doi:10.3406/mappe.1986.2329 |
| Experiments in Migration Mapping by Computer | 1987 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304087783875273 |
| Spherical Quadrilateral to Map Scale Conversion | 1989 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304089783875640 |
| An Update to 'Numerical Map Generalization | 1989 | Cartographica | doi:10.3138/U2U2-K560-4L26-2663 |
| Visual Evidence for Urban Potential Fields | 1991 | MappeMonde | doi:10.3406/mappe.1991.1908 |
| Bidimensional Regression | 1994 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1994.tb00320.x |
| The Resel Based GIS" | 1995 | International Journal of Geographical Information Science | doi:10.1080/02693799508902027 |
| Migration: Ravenstein, Thornthwaite, and Beyond | 1995 | Urban Geography | doi:10.2747/0272-3638.16.4.327 |
| A Graphical Introduction to Survey Adjustment | 1996 | Cartographica | doi:10.3138/E157-8650-4G3V-MH80 |
| The Equidominance Line: A New Geopolitical Concept | 1997 | Applied Geographical Studies | doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6319(199721)1:1<7::AID-AGS2>3.0.CO;2-5 |
| Movement Modeling on the Sphere | 1997 | Geographical & Environmental Modeling | |
| Introductory Comments on Information Theory & Cartography | 1997 | Cartographic Perspectives | doi:10.14714/CP27.698 |
| Alternatives to Miller's Projection | 1997 | Cartography and Geographic Information Science | doi:10.1559/152304097782439358 |
| World Population in a grid of Spherical Quadrangles | 1997 | Int. J. Population Geography | doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1220(199709)3:3<203::AID-IJPG68>3.0.CO;2-C |
| Linear pycnophylactic reallocation comment on a paper by D. Martin | 1999 | International Journal of Geographical Information Science | doi:10.1080/136588199241472 |
| The Development of Analytical Cartography: a personal note | 2000 | Cartography and Geographic Information Science | doi:10.1559/152304000783547867 |
| Spherical Measures without Spherical Trigonometry | 2001 | Solstice: An Electronic Journal of Geography and Mathematics, | |
| Qibla, and Related, Map Projections | 2002 | Cartography and Geographic Information Science | doi:10.1559/152304002782064574 |
| Global Spatial Analysis | 2002 | Computers, Environment, and Urban Systems | doi:10.1016/S0198-9715(02)00017-0 |
| Thirty-Five Years of Computer Cartogram | 2004 | Annals of the Association of American Geographers | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.2004.09401004.x |
| On the First Law of Geography: A Reply | 2004 | Annals of the Association of American Geographers | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.2004.09402009.x |
| Estimating Potentials from Asymmetry | 2005 | Solstice A refereed Electronic Journal of Geography and Mathematics | |
| Unusual Map Projections | 2008 | Cartographic Perspectives | doi:10.14714/CP59.246 |
| The Curious Case Of 2½ D | 2015 | Quaestiones Geographicae | doi:10.1515/quageo-2015-0040 |
| A new companion for Mercator | 2017 | Cartography and Geographic Information Science | doi:10.1080/15230406.2017.1308837 |

### Book reviews

| Title | Date | Journal/publication | Identifier |
| Review of J. Bertin, “Semiologie Graphique” | 1969 | Journal of the American Statistical Association | doi:10.1080/01621459.1969.10500984 |
| Review of J. Forrester, "Urban Dynamics" | 1970 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1970.tb00157.x |
| Review of J. Rayner, "An Introduction to Spectral Analysis" | 1972 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1973.tb01007.x |
| Review of D. Maling, "Coordinate Systems and Map Projections" | 1974 | Surveying and Mapping | |
| Review of C. Brandenberger, "Koordinatentransformationen fuer Digitale Kartographische Daten mit Lagrange– und Spline–Interpolation." | 1986 | Surveying and Mapping | |

### Collaborations

| Title | Co-authors(s) | Date | Journal/publication | Identifier |
| The Multiple Use Concept in Cartography | J. Sherman | 1957 | The Professional Geographer | doi:10.1111/j.0033-0124.1957.095_5.x |
| Geographical Ordering of Information: New Opportunities | Brian Berry and Richard Morrill | 1964 | The Professional Geographer | doi:10.1111/j.0033-0124.1964.039_q.x |
| Geobotanical Distance Between New Zealand and Neighboring Islands | H. W. Mielke, T. R. Detwyler | 1970 | BioScience | doi:10.2307/1295012 |
| Uniform Distribution of Objects in a Homogeneous Field: Cities on a Plain | Leon Glass | 1971 | Nature | doi:10.1038/233067a0 |
| A Cappadocian Speculation | Sam Wineburg | 1971 | Nature | doi:10.1038/231039a0 |
| Spectral Analysis of Innovation Diffusion | B. Barton | 1971 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/J.1538-4632.1971.TB00361.X |
| Geographical Variances | H. Moellering | 1972 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1972.tb00455.x |
| Isopleth Mapping using Histosplines | J. Lau | 1978 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1978.tb00656.x |
| Interpolation of images via Histosplines | J. Lau | 1979 | Computer Graphics and Image Processing | doi:10.1016/0146-664X(79)90084-4 |
| Push–Pull Migration Laws | Guido Dorigo | 1983 | Annals of the Association of American Geographers | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1983.tb01392.x |
| Geographical Interpolation | Susan Kennedy | 1983 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1983.tb00776.x |
| The Globular Projection Generalized | M. Petrich | 1984 | The American Cartographer | doi:10.1559/152304084783914803 |
| Smooth Multidimensional Interpolation | Susan Kennedy | 1985 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1985.tb00846.x |
| Computerized Quantitative Analysis of Kinetic Visual Fields | R. Weleber | 1996 | American Journal of Ophthalmology | doi:10.1016/0002-9394(86)90648-3 |
| A Quadtree for Global Information Storage | Zi-tan Chen | 1986 | Geographical analysis | doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1986.tb00108.x |
| Exploring the Anchor Point Hypothesis of Spatial Cognition | H. Couclelis, R. Golledge, N. Gale, | 1987 | Journal of Environmental Psychology | doi:10.1016/S0272-4944(87)80020-8 |
| Three World Maps on a Moebius Strip | Mark P. Kumler | 1991 | Cartography and Geographic Information Science | doi:10.1559/152304091783786781 |

## Books and translations

| Title | Co-authors(s) | Date | Journal/publication | Identifier |
| Notes and comments on the Composition of Terrestrial and Celestial Maps | Johann Heinrich Lambert | 1972 | Michigan Geographical Publication | ISBN 978-1589482814 |
| Map Projection Transformation: Principles and Applications | Qihe Yang; John P. Snyder | 2000 | Taylor & Francis | ISBN 0-748-40667-0 |
| Are There Fundamental Principles in Geographic Information Science? | Nicholas R. Chrisman; Andrew Frank; Dan Sui; Michael Frank Goodchild | 2012 | | ISBN 9781478213628 |

### Book chapters, conference proceedings, and technical reports

| Title | Editor(s) | Date | Publication | Identifier |
| Electronic Mapping | | 1962 | Conference Proceedings, Am Institute of Planners | |
| Spectral Analysis of Spatial Series | | 1966 | Proceedings, Fourth Annual Conference on Urban Planning Information Systems | |
| Geometric Projections in System Studies | William Garrison; Duane Marble | 1967 | Quantitative Geography, II | |
| Transformations | J. Nystuen | 1968 | Michigan Inter-University Community of Mathematical Geographers Discussion Paper # 12 | |
| Problems and Prospects in Geographical Photointerpretation | Cheng; Ledley; Pollock; Rosenfeld | 1968 | Proceedings, Symposium on Automatic Photointerpretation | |
| Data Display and Presentation | Roger Tomlinson | 1972 | Environment Information Systems | |
| Spatial Diffusion from a Geographer's Point of View | W. Benninghoff; R. Edwards | 1972 | U.S. International Biological Program Aerobiology Handbook No. 2 | |
| Two Computer Districting Experiments | S. Pollock | 1972 | Algorithmic Approaches to Political Districting: Report of the Activities of a Seminar | |
| Cartograms and Cartosplines | | 1976 | Proceedings: Workshop on Automated Cartography and Epidemiology, Washington, D.C., Department of Health, Education and Welfare | |
| Spatial Interaction: Extracting Meaning from Masses of Data | E. Swain | 1976 | The IIASA Project on Urban and Regional Systems | |
| The Geometry of Mental Maps | R. Golledge; G. Rushton | 1977 | Essays on the Multidimensional Analysis of Perceptions and Preferences | |
| Numerical Approaches to Map Projections | I. Kretschmer | 1977 | Studies in Theoretical Cartography | ISBN 3700544278 |
| Forecasting Geographical Migration | | 1977 | Report of the Conference on Economic and Demographic Methods for Projecting Population | |
| Cellular Geography | S. Gale; G. Olsson | 1979 | Philosophy in Geography | ISBN 978-94-009-9394-5; doi:10.1007/978-94-009-9394-5_18 |
| Migration Fields | W. Clark; E. Moore | 1978 | Population Mobility and Residential Change | ISBN 9780810105232 |
| Statistical Cartography: What is it? | | 1980 | Auto–Carto IV | link |
| Surveying Multidimensional Measurement | R.G. Golledge; J.N.Rayner | 1982 | Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets | ISBN 0816668655 |
| Cartographic Study of Movement Tables | | 1982 | Proceedings, National Computer Graphics Association | |
| Measuring Spatial Resolution | | 1987 | Proceedings, Land Resources Information Systems Conference | |
| Alternatives in Movement Mapping | | 1987 | Proceedings, 13th International Cartographic Conference | |
| Resolution, Resampling, and All That | Helen Mounsey; Roger Tomlinson | 1987 | Building Data Bases for Global Science | ISBN 9780850664850 |
| The Quadratic Transportation Problem as a Model of Spatial Interaction Patterns | W. Foffey | 1988 | Essays in honor of William Warntz | ISBN 0771409737 |
| Prediction of Geographic Base File Size from Urban Area or Population | H. Veregin | 1989 | ICA Conference, Budapest | |
| Frame Independent Spatial Analysis | Michael Goodchild | 1990 | Accuracy of Spatial Data Bases | ISBN 9780429208317 |
| GIS Transformations | | 1990 | Proceedings, National Computer Graphics Association Conference, Anaheim | |
| Preliminary Representation of World Population by Spherical Harmonics | | 1992 | Proceedings, National Academy of Sciences | doi:10.1073/pnas.89.14.6262 |
| Three presentations on geographical analysis and modeling: Non-isotropic geographic modeling speculations on the geometry of geography global spatial analysis | | 1993 | National center for geographic information and analysis | TECHNICAL REPORT 93-1 |
| Oblique Map Projections using Rotation Matrices | H. Ernste | 1994 | Pathways to Human Ecology | ISBN 978-3-906753-17-1 |
| The Global Demography Project | Uwe Deichmann, Jon Gottsegen, and Kelly Maloy | 1995 | National center for geographic information and analysis | Technical Report TR-95-6 |
| History of Cartography as taught at UCSB | F. Ormeling; Y. Bouma | 1996 | Seminar on Teaching of the History of Cartography | |
| Converting Administrative Data on a Sphere to a Continuous Surface | | 1996 | Proceedings, 3rd International Conference on Integrating Geographic Information Systems and Environmental Modeling | |
| Demography in Global Change Studies | | 1997 | Proceedings, AutoCarto 13 | link |
| Ma Vie | W. Pitts and P. Gould | 2002 | Geographical Voices | ISBN 9780815629405 |

## Interview

Tobler was one of many geographers interviewed in the American Association of Geographers' Geographers on Film series.
* Pitts, Forrest Ralph (1992). "Geographers on Film Interview With Waldo Tobler". Retrieved 13 February 2024.