OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Egremont, Mississippi

Egremont is an unincorporated community in Sharkey County, Mississippi, United States. A variant name for the community is "Baconia".
Egremont is located on U.S. Route 61, 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Rolling Fork.

## Gallery

* Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Railroad station in Egremont during the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927

## History

During the American Civil War of 1861–1865, a military campaign launched by Union forces was slowed by obstructions placed along Deer Creek at the Egremont Plantation.
In 1880, the Egremont Plantation became the property of Hezekiah William Foote. It was inherited by his son Huger Lee Foote, who was elected Sheriff of Sharkey County in 1890, and went on to serve in the Mississippi Legislature.
In 1984, sculptor Wesley Bobo erected a steel dinosaur along Route 61 in Egremont.
A local juke joint called "Willie Mama's" was located in Egremont, but closed in 2007. It re-opened under the name "The Waterin Hole".
# Hellmut W. Stolle

Hellmut W. Stolle (April 30, 1905 – October 1, 1977) was a German-born American politician from Illinois.
He was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives for the 14th district (1963–1965) and the 16th district (1967–1971).
In the 1964 Illinois House of Representatives election, he came in last place with the fewest votes cast, 2,094,314.
His second wife Eileen Stolle died on December 30, 2008.
# Garcia Live Volume 12

Garcia Live Volume 12 is a three-CD live album by Jerry Garcia and Merl Saunders. It contains the complete concert recorded on January 23, 1973 at the Boarding House in San Francisco. It was released on December 20, 2019.
At this concert, Jerry Garcia (electric guitar, vocals) and Merl Saunders (keyboards, vocals) were accompanied by their usual rhythm section of John Kahn (bass guitar) and Bill Vitt (drums). They were joined by vocalist Sarah Fulcher, who often sang with the band in the early part of 1973.

## Critical reception

On AllMusic, Fred Thomas wrote, "On this date, Saunders and Garcia are more grounded in blues- and soul-rocking than the often-cosmic psychedelia of the Grateful Dead, but the creative chemistry of the band still explores the outer reaches of improvisation.... The relaxed energy and loose performances capture the magical connection Garcia and Saunders found in these low-pressure gigs. The powerful addition of Fulcher's presence makes Garcia Live, Vol. 12 a mandatory footnote to the scope of Garcia's creative output."
In Glide Magazine, Doug Collette wrote, "Garcia Live Volume 12 offers some of, if not the most, spirited, edgy performances yet released in this archival series. And while it’s not quite accurate to assign all the credit to vocalist Sarah Fulcher as the catalyst for this combustible content, it is no coincidence she is featured prominently in photos within the twelve-page booklet... As it was evolving here, roughly three years into their ongoing collaborations, Jerry Garcia's relationship with Merl Saunders was becoming one of the most fulfilling of his life and career."

## Track listing

Disc one
    First set:
* "Expressway (To Your Heart)" (Kenny Gamble, Leon Huff) – 15:09
* "It's Too Late" (Chuck Willis) – 7:33
* "The System" > (Merl Saunders, Pamela Dianne Carrier) – 20:04
* "Honey Chile" (Richard Morris, Sylvia Moy) – 13:49
* "Money Honey" (Jesse Stone) – 7:35
Disc two
* "I Know It's a Sin" (Jimmy Reed, Mary Reed) – 10:23
* "Find a Rainbow" (Sarah Fulcher) – 11:37
* "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down" (Robbie Robertson) – 6:24
    Second set:
* "It Takes a Lot to Laugh, It Takes a Train to Cry" (Bob Dylan) – 8:12
* "I Was Made to Love Her" (Henry Cosby, Lula Mae Hardaway, Sylvia Moy, Stevie Wonder) – 12:10
* "Lonely Avenue" (Doc Pomus) – 12:27
* "Go Climb a Mountain" (Sarah Fulcher) – 14:26
Disc three
* "That's All Right, Mama" (Arthur Crudup) – 11:18
* "Georgia on My Mind" (Hoagy Carmichael, Stuart Gorrell) – 15:18
* "I Second That Emotion" (Smokey Robinson, Al Cleveland) – 11:57
* "How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You)" (Lamont Dozier, Brian Holland, Eddie Holland) – 8:08

## Personnel

Musicians
* Jerry Garcia – guitar, vocals
* Merl Saunders – keyboards, vocals
* Sarah Fulcher – vocals
* John Kahn – bass
* Bill Vitt – drums
Production
* Produced by Marc Allan, Kevin Monty
* Project Coordination by Lauren Goetzinger
* Recording: Betty Cantor, Rex Jackson
* Mixing: Jonathan Wilson, Dave Cerminara
* Mastering: Fred Kevorkian
* Design, illustration: Ryan Corey
* Liner notes: Jesse Jarnow
* Photos: Jim Needham
# Salcedo, Eastern Samar

Salcedo (IPA:; Waray: Bungto han Salcedo, Tagalog: Bayan ng Salcedo), officially the Municipality of Salcedo, is a municipality in the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 22,136 people.

## History

During World War II the Salcedo was part of a large US Navy base Leyte-Samar Naval Base from 1944 to 1946. In 1959, the sitio of Balud was converted into a barrio.

## Geography
### Barangays

Salcedo is politically subdivided into 41 barangays.  Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
* Abejao
* Alog
* Asgad
* Bagtong
* Balud
* Barangay 1 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 13 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 2 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 3 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 4 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 5 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 6 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 7 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 8 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 9 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 10 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 11 (Poblacion)
* Barangay 12 (Poblacion)
* Buabua
* Burak
* Butig
* Cagaut
* Camanga
* Cantomoja
* Carapdapan
* Caridad
* Casili-on
* Iberan
* Jagnaya
* Lusod
* Malbog
* Maliwaliw
* Matarinao
* Naparaan
* Seguinon
* San Roque (Bugay)
* Santa Cruz
* Tacla-on
* Tagbacan
* Palanas
* Talangdawan

### Climate

Climate data for Salcedo, Eastern Samar :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28 (82) | 28 (82) | 29 (84) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 29 (84) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 23 (74) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 90 (3.5) | 67 (2.6) | 82 (3.2) | 70 (2.8) | 97 (3.8) | 145 (5.7) | 152 (6.0) | 127 (5.0) | 132 (5.2) | 152 (6.0) | 169 (6.7) | 144 (5.7) | 1,427 (56.2) |
| Average rainy days | 17.0 | 13.5 | 16.0 | 16.5 | 20.6 | 24.3 | 26.0 | 25.4 | 25.2 | 26.4 | 23.0 | 21.1 | 255 |
| Source: Meteoblue ||||||||||||||

## Demographics

The population of Salcedo, Eastern Samar, in the 2020 census was 22,136 people, with a density of 190 inhabitants per square kilometre or 490 inhabitants per square mile.

## Economy

Poverty incidence of Salcedo
* 10
* 20
* 30
* 40
* 50
* 2006 40.10
* 2009 45.77
* 2012 43.93
* 2015 40.09
* 2018 44.90
* 2021 37.24
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
# Makis Tzatzos

Kosmas (Makis) Tzatzos (Greek: Μάκης Τζάτζος) (born 6 November 1968 in Komanos, Ptolemaida), is a retired football player (attacking midfielder) who connected his name mainly with Xanthi F.C.

## Career

His career began at his hometown, where he played for Eordaikos. His skills and talent were spotted by Xanthi and soon he became a member of the team (1988). Tzatzos was regarded by the media as a class player and he is one of the main reasons why Xanthi F.C. won the second division championship and earned promotion to the Greek Superleague.
He played for Xanthi until 1995, when he joined Aris Thessaloniki F.C. For a year he offered his services at the Salonica team, only to return to Xanthi in the second half of the 1996/97 season.
Tzatzos played his last game for Xanthi and his last in the Greek first division in May 1997, and he made a total of 178 league appearances for the club. He returned to his first team (Anagennisi Karditsas) and closed his career at Leonidio in 2001.
# Trois-Rivières-Ouest

Trois-Rivières-Ouest (French pronunciation:) is a former city in Quebec, Canada, now in the City of Trois-Rivières. Population (2001): 23,287
46°19′56″N 72°35′35.7″W﻿ / ﻿46.33222°N 72.593250°W﻿ / 46.33222; -72.593250﻿ (Trois-Rivières-Ouest, Quebec)
* This Quebec location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Finchley Central (game)

Finchley Central is a humorous game in which two players take turns naming stations in the London Underground. The first person to name Finchley Central is the winner, with humor coming from the fact that there is nothing stopping either player from naming the station at any time. Mathematics professor Jonathan Partington compares Finchley Central to the concept of polite refusal, describing the reciprocity and the game's solutions to be isomorphic as he somewhat facetiously notes:
   An opening move of "Finchley Central" is too much of a cheat, and you might wish to start with, say, Liverpool Street, when, assuming that your opponent isn't rude enough to reply with Finchley Central, leaves you with a mate on your second move (though you probably would prefer to stall by playing, say, Bank, in the hopes of a more spectacular win later).
Possibly inspired by The New Vaudeville Band's song "Finchley Central" ("Finchley Central / is two-and-sixpence / from Golders Green on the Northern Line..."), the game was first described by the mathematicians Anatole Beck and David Fowler in the Spring 1969 issue of Manifold magazine (A Pandora's Box of Non-games page 32). Beck and Fowler note,
   It is clear that the ‘best’ time to say Finchley Central is exactly before your opponent does. Failing that it is good that he should be considering it. You could, of course, say ‘Finchley Central’ on your second turn. In that case, your opponent puffs on his cigarette and says, ‘Well… Shame on you.’
Finchley Central became the basis for the game Mornington Crescent in the BBC Radio 4 series I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue. A 1976 variant where the first person to think of Finchley Central station loses has been suggested as a possible origin for The Game.
# Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel, Quebec

Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel (French pronunciation:) is a parish municipality in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel had a population of 6,121 living in 2,558 of its 2,678 total private dwellings, a change of 6.4% from its 2016 population of 5,751. With a land area of 128.29 km$^2$ (49.53 sq mi), it had a population density of 47.7/km$^2$ (123.6/sq mi) in 2021.

## Government

The mayor is the municipality's highest elected official. Officially, mayoral elections in Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel are on a non-partisan basis. The following list may be incomplete.
| # | Mayor | Took office | Left office |
| 1 | François Thellend | 1860 | 1861 |
| 2 | Michel Boisclair | 1862 | 1863 |
| 3 | Noé Lamothe | 1866 | 1867 |
| 4 | Alexandre McDougall | 1870 | 1871 |
| 5 | Joseph Lamothe | 1872 | 1874 |
| 6 | Étienne Leblanc | 1875 | 1877 |
| 7 | David Rheault | 1878 | 1882 |
| 8 | Pierre Lord | 1882 | 1885 |
| 9 | Jean Forest | 1886 | 1887 |
| 10 | Alexis Blanchette | 1887 | 1890 |
| 11 | Joseph Rheault | 1892 | 1893 |
| 7 | David Rheault | 1893 | 1895 |
| 12 | Philippe Lord | 1895 | 1900 |
| 13 | Alphonse Veilleux | 1900 | 1903 |
| 14 | Louis Marchesseault | 1903 | 1905 |
| 10 | Alexis Blanchette | 1905 | 1910 |
| 15 | Oscar Lord | 1910 | 1914 |
| 16 | Aimé Doucet | 1914 | 1916 |
| 17 | Aldéric Lamothe | 1916 | 1927 |
| 18 | Octave Lamothe | 1927 | 1930 |
| 19 | Alphonse Désilets | 1930 | 1931 |
| 20 | Alexandre Landry | 1931 | 1951 |
| 21 | Julien D. Toupin | 1951 | 1953 |
| 22 | Doris Bornais | 1953 | 1955 |
| 23 | Ferdinand Brière | 1955 | 1959 |
| 24 | Wellie Rheault | 1959 | 1961 |
| 25 | Hector Bédard | 1961 | 1964 |
| 26 | Benoît Dostaler | 1964 | 1969 |
| 27 | Roland Cossette | 1969 | 1975 |
| 28 | Léo-Paul Landry | 1975 | 1977 |
| 29 | François Brière | 1977 | 1985 |
| 30 | Pierre Bouchard | 1985 | 1993 |
| 31 | Richard Giguère | 1993 | 1997 |
| 32 | André Landry | 1997 | 2005 |
| 30 | Pierre Bouchard | 2005 | 2013 |
| 33 | Luc Dostaler | 2013 | Current |

## Photos

* Cemetery - River - Turtle Lake Bog
* Cemetery and its Calvary'
* Sign at the 150th anniversary park, inaugurated on June 24, 2009
* Cachée River (Saint-Maurice River tributary) from bridge -01591, rang Saint-Louis'
* Réserve naturelle de la Tourbière du Lac à la Tortue, Trotochaud or Valmont Lake, rang Saint-Louis

## Related article

* La Gabelle Generating Station
# Aristocypha

Aristocypha is a genus of damselflies in the family Chlorocyphidae, erected by Frank Fortescue Laidlaw in 1950. Species have mostly been recorded from the Indomalayan realm.

## Species

The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists:
* Aristocypha aino Hämäläinen, Reels & Zhang, 2009
* Aristocypha baibarana (Matsumura, 1931)
* Aristocypha chaoi (Wilson, 2004)
* Aristocypha cuneata (Selys, 1853)
* Aristocypha fenestrella (Rambur, 1842)
* Aristocypha fulgipennis (Guérin, 1831)
* Aristocypha hilaryae (Fraser, 1927)
* Aristocypha immaculata (Selys, 1879)
* Aristocypha iridea (Selys, 1891)
* Aristocypha quadrimaculata (Selys, 1853)
* Aristocypha spuria (Selys, 1879)
* Aristocypha trifasciata (Selys, 1853)
# SNPedia

SNPedia (pronounced "snipedia") is a wiki-based bioinformatics web site that serves as a database of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Each article on a SNP provides a short description, links to scientific articles and personal genomics web sites, as well as microarray information about that SNP. Thus SNPedia may support the interpretation of results of personal genotyping from, e.g., 23andMe and similar companies.
SNPedia is a semantic wiki, powered by MediaWiki and the Semantic MediaWiki extension.
SNPedia was created, and is run by, geneticist Greg Lennon and programmer Mike Cariaso, who at the time of the site's founding were both located in Bethesda, Maryland.
As of 27 June 2019, the website has 537 medical conditions and 109,729 SNPs in its database. The number of SNPs in SNPedia has doubled roughly once every 14 months since August 2007.
On 7 September 2019, MyHeritage announced that they acquired both SNPedia and Promethease. All non-European raw genetic data files previously uploaded to Promethease, and not deleted by users by 1 Nov 2019, are to be copied to MyHeritage and the users will receive a free MyHeritage account with paid level of services, including Cousin Matching and Ethnicities.

## Promethease

An associated computer program called Promethease, also developed by the SNPedia team, allows users to compare personal genetics results against the SNPedia database, generating a report with information about a person's attributes, such as propensity to diseases, based on the presence of specific SNPs within their genome.
In May 2008 Cariaso, using Promethease, won an online contest sponsored by 23andMe to determine as much information as possible about an anonymous woman based only on her genome. Cariaso won in all three categories of "accuracy, creativity and cleverness". In 2009, the anonymous woman ("Lilly Mendel") was revealed to be 23andMe co-founder Linda Avey, allowing a direct comparison between her actual traits and those predicted by Promethease a year earlier.

## Reception

In a June 2008 article on personal genomics, a doctor from the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine said:
   The availability of online tools such as SNPedia means we are now in the position where the patient often knows more about their risk implications than their doctor [...]
In January 2011, technology journalist Ronald Bailey posted the full result of his Promethease report online. Writing about his decision in Reason magazine, he stated:
   We are fast approaching an era in which genetic information is no longer exclusive or medicalized. Instead, as screening costs plummet and our knowledge about genetics expands, virtually everyone will soon be able to have their genotypes at their fingertips. Knowing and sharing that information will enhance, not jeopardize, our sense of ourselves, change the way we consume medicine and plan for the future, and influence how we relate to each other.
Members of the medical community have criticised Promethease for technical complexity and a poorly defined "magnitude" scale that causes misconceptions, confusion and panic among its users.
# Ralph Anthony Howard

Ralph Anthony Howard is an American politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from the 72nd District, serving from 2005 to 2022. He is a member of the Democratic party.

## Biography

Howard has worked at Shelton State Community College as an educator.
# Ken Johnson (Alabama politician)

Ken Johnson is an American politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives 7th District, serving from 2010 to 2018. He is a member of the Republican party.
# Christine Goupil

Christine Goupil is an American politician who served as a Connecticut State Representative in the 35th District of the Connecticut House of Representatives, which encompasses the towns of Clinton, Killingworth and parts of Westbrook. Goupil was first elected to the seat in 2020 after defeating Republican challenger John Hall III. She began her term on January 6, 2021, and served as a member of the House Transportation and Human Services Committees and the Vice Chair of the Planning and Development Committee. Christine ran for reelection in 2022 but ultimately lost to Republican challenger Chris Aniskovich She ended her term January 4, 2023.
# Jaswant Singh II

Jaswant Singh II, GCSI, (1838 – 11 October 1895) was Maharaja of Jodhpur from 4 February 1873 – 11 October 1895.

## Birth

He was born in 1838 at Ahmadnagar in Gujarat and was eldest son of Takht Singh and his consort, Maharani Gulab Kanwar, daughter of Maharaja Sheo Singh of Sirohi. He ruled during the time of Aurangzeb.

## Marriage

He had eight wives, of which the first was the daughter of the Jam Sahib of Nawanagar, Rajba Kanwar. Puariji Bijay Kanwar was his chief consort and mother of Maharaja Sardar Singh.

## Accession

He acceded to the throne of Jodhpur in 1873 upon death of his father, Takht Singh,

## Reign

The reign of Jaswant Singh II was marked with remarkable prosperity and reforms and development works. He established Courts of Justice, introduced system of revenue settlement and reorganizing all the state departments. Further, he developed infrastructure of the state by introducing telegraphs, railways (Jodhpur State Railway), and developing roads. He formed Imperial Service Cavalry Corps, which later rendered active service in European War. He was honoured and created the Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India in 1875.

## Swami Dayananda incident

Jaswant Singh had invited Swami Dayananda as he was influenced by his ideas. But the tragedy occurred when Dayananda was poisoned on 29 September 1883, when he was the royal guest of Jaswant Singh II, by Dayananda's own cook, who had conspired with a court dancer Nanhi Jaan. The Maharaja was quick to arrange the services of a doctor, but the doctor Ali Mardan Khan gave medicines laced with poison which further deteriorated health of Hrishi Dayanand. Later Maharaja arranged for Swamiji to be sent to Mount Abu upon the advice of Residency.

## Death

He died 11 October 1895 and was succeeded by his middle son Sardar Singh.

## Jaswant Thada

The Jaswant Thada is an architectural landmark located in Jodhpur. It is a white marble memorial built by Sardar Singh in 1899 in memory of Maharaja Jaswant Singh II.
# Jim Patterson (Alabama politician)

James Malcom Patterson Jr. (April 2, 1950 – October 2, 2017) was an American businessman and politician.
Patterson was born in Huntsville, Alabama. In 1972, he received his bachelor's degree in business from the Jacksonville State University. Patterson served in the United States Army and was commissioned a captain. Patterson was involved in the real estate business. Patterson served on the Morgan County, Alabama School Board from 1988 to 2000. He lived with his family in Meridianville, Alabama. He had been a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from the 21st District, serving from 2010 until his death in 2017. He was a member of the Republican party. In 2017, Patterson died of a heart attack while still in office.
# Hanna Grobler

Hanna Emilia Grobler (née Mikkonen, born 15 January 1981 in Ruovesi) is a Finnish high jumper.
She competed at the World Championships in 2005 and in 2009 without reaching the final.
She has won nine gold medals in Finnish National Championships, which is the most of all high jumpers in Finland.
Her personal best vault is 1.92 metres (national record until 2016), achieved in June 2005 in Tampere.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Finland |||||
| 1998 | World Junior Championships | Annecy, France | 15th (q) | 1.78 m |
| 2000 | World Junior Championships | Santiago, Chile | 15th (q) | 1.80 m |
| 2001 | European U23 Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 5th | 1.84 m |
| 2003 | European U23 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 8th | 1.87 m |
| 2008 | Finnish Championships | Tampere, Finland | 1st | 1.81 m |
| 2009 | Finnish Championships | Espoo, Finland | 1st | 1.87 m |
# Metacarpophalangeal joint

The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are situated between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the fingers. These joints are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the proximal phalanges. Being condyloid, they allow the movements of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction (see anatomical terms of motion) at the joint.

## Structure
### Ligaments

Each joint has:
* palmar ligaments of metacarpophalangeal articulations
* collateral ligaments of metacarpophalangeal articulations

### Dorsal surfaces

The dorsal surfaces of these joints are covered by the expansions of the Extensor tendons, together with some loose areolar tissue which connects the deep surfaces of the tendons to the bones.

## Function

The movements which occur in these joints are flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction; the movements of abduction and adduction are very limited, and cannot be performed while the fingers form a fist.
The muscles of flexion and extension are as follows:
| Location | Flexion | Extension |
| fingers | Flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus, lumbricals, and interossei, assisted in the case of the little finger by the flexor digiti minimi brevis | extensor digitorum communis, extensor indicis proprius, and extensor digiti minimi muscle |
| thumb | flexor pollicis longus and brevis | extensor pollicis longus and brevis |

## Clinical significance

Arthritis of the MCP is a distinguishing feature of rheumatoid arthritis, as opposed to the distal interphalangeal joint in osteoarthritis.

### Other animals

In many quadrupeds, particularly horses and other larger animals, the metacarpophalangeal joint is referred to as the "fetlock". This term is translated literally as "foot-lock". In fact, although the term fetlock does not specifically apply to other species' metacarpophalangeal joints (for instance, humans), the "second" or "mid-finger" knuckle of the human hand does anatomically correspond to the fetlock on larger quadrupeds. For lack of a better term, the shortened name may seem more practical.