OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lingyan Temple (Jinan)

Lingyan Temple (simplified Chinese: 灵岩寺; traditional Chinese: 靈巖寺; pinyin: Língyán Sì; lit. 'Temple of the Spiritual Rocks') is a Buddhist temple located in Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of the city of Tai'an. The temple grounds are situated in a valley on the western edge of the Taishan range. The Lingyan Temple has a long recorded history, and was one of the main temples in China during the times of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Its most renowned landmarks are the 11th century Pìzhī-tǎ (辟支塔; "Pizhi Pagoda") and the Qiānfó-diàn (千佛殿, "Thousand Buddha Hall") which houses a Ming dynasty bronze Buddha statue as well as 40 painted clay statues of life-size luohan from the Song dynasty.

## History

The original temple was established in the Yongxing reign period (357–358), during the reign of Fú Jiān (r. 357–385) of the Former Qin state. Gaining a greater reputation during the Northern Wei (386–534), the temple reached its apex of importance during the Tang dynasty (618–907) and Song dynasty (960–1279). There were over 40 different wooden temple halls located at the temple, composing more than 500 monastic rooms. More than 500 Buddhist monks lived at Lingyan Temple during its height. The oldest structures at the site are the various stone stupas and square-based stone Chinese pagoda in the pavilion style from the Tang dynasty, the 8th century Huichong Pagoda. Of the 167 stone stupas at the temple, no two are identical, and like the luohan statues of the Qiānfó-diàn, have been well preserved. The tallest structure of the temple is the 54 m (177 ft) tall Pìzhī-tǎ, built originally in 753, although the present structure was built from 1056 to 1063. Although the wooden halls were all reconstructed during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and Qing dynasty (1644–1912), the stone pedestals at the base of the pillars in the Qiānfó-diàn are the original work of the Tang and Song eras.

## Gallery

* The exterior of the Qiānfó-diàn (Thousand Buddha Hall) of Lingyan Temple. Notice the elaborate dougong brackets supporting the pent, shingled roof.
* Some of the 167 stupas in the stupa forest at Lingyan, some as old as the Tang dynasty (618 - 907) while some date as late as the Qing dynasty (1644 - 1911).
* This squared stupa (742-755 AD, Tang dynasty) marks the burial of monk Hui Chong, who led the monastery during his lifetime.
* The corners of the pagoda display dour guardian telamons such as this, that symbolically hold up the entire structure
* From a cliffside of nearby Mount Tai, a view onto Lingyan Temple and Pìzhī-tǎ (Pizhi Pagoda)
# Paulisentis

Paulisentis is a genus in Acanthocephala (thorny-headed worms, also known as spiny-headed worms) belonging to the family Neoechinorhynchidae.

## Taxonomy

The genus was described by Van Cleave and Bangham in 1949. The National Center for Biotechnology Information does not indicate that any phylogenetic analysis has been published on any Paulisentis species that would confirm its position as a unique genus in the family Neoechinorhynchidae.

## Description

Paulisentis species consist of a proboscis covered in hooks and a long trunk.

## Species

The genus Paulisentis contains two species.
* Paulisentis fractus Van Cleave & Bangham, 1949
* Paulisentis missouriensis Keppner, 1974

## Distribution

The distribution of Paulisentis is determined by that of its hosts. The species of this genus are found in Northern America.

## Hosts

The life cycle of an acanthocephalan consists of three stages beginning when an infective acanthor (development of an egg) is released from the intestines of the definitive host and then ingested by an arthropod, the intermediate host. Although the intermediate hosts of Paulisentis are arthropods. When the acanthor molts, the second stage called the acanthella begins. This stage involves penetrating the wall of the mesenteron or the intestine of the intermediate host and growing. The final stage is the infective cystacanth which is the larval or juvenile state of an Acanthocephalan, differing from the adult only in size and stage of sexual development. The cystacanths within the intermediate hosts are consumed by the definitive host, usually attaching to the walls of the intestines, and as adults they reproduce sexually in the intestines. The acanthor is passed in the feces of the definitive host and the cycle repeats. There may be paratenic hosts (hosts where parasites infest but do not undergo larval development or sexual reproduction) for Paulisentis.
Paulisentis parasitizes animals. There are no reported cases of Paulisentis infesting humans in the English language medical literature.
* Hosts for Paulisentis species
* The definitive host of Semotilus atromaculatus is Paulisentis missouriensis
# Reynolds Shultz

Reynolds "Ren" Shultz (August 4, 1921 – January 24, 2000) was an American politician. He was the 37th Lieutenant Governor of Kansas from 1971 to 1973, having previously served in the Kansas Senate since 1965. He served in the United States Marine Corps in World War II.
# Marian Reynolds

Marian K. Reynolds (born February 16, 1950) is an American former politician who served in the Kansas House of Representatives and Kansas State Senate.
Reynolds was born in Dodge City, Kansas and grew up on her family's farm in Cimarron as one of nine children. She attended community college and married Jay Reynolds. In 1974, she ran for the Kansas House as a Democrat. She defeated two other candidates in the primary election with relative ease, and then beat three-term incumbent Republican Don Spotts in the general election. Reynolds served only a single term in the Kansas House, during which she received national and local media attention for being one of the first women to be pregnant and give birth while serving in a state legislature. She declined to run for re-election in 1976.
After leaving the Kansas House, Reynolds took a job as a sales representative covering Western Kansas for IBM, and she and Jay Reynolds divorced in 1978. In 1992, Reynolds re-entered politics, running for the 38th district in the Kansas Senate; she opted to run as a Republican, citing her conservatism and distaste for government spending. Once again, she served only a single term; Tim Huelskamp successfully challenged her in the 1996 Republican primary, taking 62% of the vote to Reynolds' 38%.
# Thomas Robinett

Thomas A. Robinett Jr. (born June 21, 1949) is an American politician who served in the Kansas House of Representatives as a Republican from the 29th district for one term, in 1993 and 1994.
# White Pine, Michigan

White Pine is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Ontonagon County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The CDP had a population of 474 at the 2010 census. White Pine is located within Carp Lake Township.
Much of White Pine was developed in the 1950s as a company town for miners at the White Pine mine. Mining companies in Michigan often built and leased housing to workers so that miners could live adjacent to mine operations. This allowed mining companies to attract workers with families, which were believed to improve retention rates by ensuring miners were socially and financially invested in the town created by the mining company.
White Pine was developed as a typical post war suburb. Many dwellings were single-story ranch homes, although a trailer park and apartment complex were also built. The community never developed fully as the Copper Range Company envisioned. The automobile transformed how workers commuted where previous mine sites had workers walking from nearby housing to the mine, many workers by the 1950s preferred driving up to 90 miles a day to remain in their current homes rather than move to the company town.

## History

It was a station on the Chicago, Minneapolis and St. Paul Railway. Thomas H. Wilcox, a mining engineer, found mass copper in the Mineral River and formed the White Pine Copper Company to mine it. The settlement was given a post office as "White Pine Mine" in June 1915.
The community of White Pine was listed as a newly-organized census-designated place for the 2010 census, meaning it now has officially defined boundaries and population statistics for the first time.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, White Pine has a total area of 5.00 square miles (12.95 km$^2$), all land.
White Pine is located within Carp Lake Township east of the Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park. The Copper Range Company operated the White Pine mine in White Pine from 1955 to 1995.
White Pine is served by the 49971 ZIP Code, which is the highest numeric ZIP Code in the state of Michigan.
# William B. Ryan

William B. Ryan (December 26, 1908 – November 4, 1975) was an American lawyer, judge, and politician.
Ryan was born in Smith County, Kansas and grew up in the Lebanon, Kansas area. He received his law degree from the University of Kansas School of Law in 1933 and practiced law in Smith Center, Kansas. He served as county attorney for Smith County, Kansas from 1934 to 1939. He moved to Norton, Kansas and continued to practice law. Ryan also served as county attorney for Norton County, Kansas. Ryan served on the Norton school board from 1941 to 1953. Ryan served in the Kansas House of Representatives from 1947 to 1949 and was a Republican. Ryan served as mayor of Norton, Kansas from 1953 to 1957 and in the Kansas Senate from 1957 until his resignation in 1963. Keith Sebelius was appointed to the Kansas Senate succeeding Ryan. He then served as Kansas state district court judge from 1963 until his retirement in 1975. Ryan died at the Norton County Hospital in Norton, Kansas from a long illness.
# Wesley Sowers

Wesley H. Sowers (August 26, 1905–February 2, 2008) was an American politician who served in the Kansas State Senate as a Republican from 1971 to 1980. He originally joined the Kansas Senate in the 19th district for two years, before serving two full terms in the 31st district from 1973 to 1980.
# Daklha Gampo Monastery

Daklha Gampo Monastery (Dwags lha sgam po), also romanized as Daglha Gampo, is a Kagyu Tibetan Buddhist monastery founded in 1121 CE by Je Gampopa (1079-1153), the disciple of the famous and much-loved bodhisattva, Jetsun Milarepa (c. 1052—c. 1135) It is located in Gyatsa County in the old district of Dakpo in southern Tibet on land sanctified as a geomantic power-place ('head of the ogress') by the first Tibetan emperor, Songtsen Gampo (605 or 617? - 649), and made a repository of terma by Padmasambhava.

## Description

The monastery is located on a ridge to the northeast of the eight-peaked Dalka Gampo mountain range (after which it was named), on the right bank of the Gyabpurong River just north of its junction with the Yarlung Tsangpo.

## History

After Gampopa received the Kargyu teachings and transmissions from Milarepa. He established himself at Daklha Gampo after Milarepa had died. He taught several students who became instrumental in the flourishing of the Kagyu lineage. Daklha Gampo became the main Kagyu centre for Mahamudra studies and practice in Tibet.
During the 14th century, the great terton, Karma Lingpa, unearthed the famous Tibetan Book of the Dead (Bardo Thodol Chenmo) by Padmasambhava at Mount Gampodar which is within the territory of the monastery.
The Dzungar Mongols destroyed the monastery in 1718, but it was quickly rebuilt. It was again totally destroyed after the Chinese invasion in 1959, but some chapels have since been restored and there are still the original images of Avalokiteshvara and Cakrasamvara.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Dowman (1988), p. 261.
* ↑ Dorje (1999), p. 222.
* ↑ Dowman (1988), pp. 261-262.
* ↑ Dorje (1999), p. 222.
* ↑ Dorje (1999), p. 222.
* ↑ Dowman (1988), pp. 261-262.
* ↑ Dorje (1999), p. 222.
# Thomas Sloan (Kansas politician)

Thomas "Tom" Sloan (born March 5, 1946) was a member of the Kansas House of Representatives for the 45th district, which covers Northwestern Douglas County, including western Lawrence. He served from 1995 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. He previously served in the Kansas State Senate from 1983 to 1985 and 1986 to 1989.
Born in Holyoke, Colorado, Sloan grew up on a farm in rural Colorado. He received his BA from Syracuse University in 1968, his MA from Michigan State University in 1969, and PhD in Political Science from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1977.
Sloan moved to Kansas in the late 1970s when he became an assistant professor at Kansas State University. Sloan has also worked as Executive Director of Western Resources, Government Affairs Representative for the Getty Oil Company, and associate executive director of the Kansas State Nurses Association.
Sloan has a reputation as a moderate Republican.

## Issue positions

Sloan's website lists his legislative priorities as education, health care, energy, and water.

## Committee membership

* Vision 2020 (Chair)
* Energy and Utilities
* Government Efficiency and Fiscal Oversight
* Joint Committee on Energy and Environmental Policy

## Major Donors

The top 5 donors to Sloan's 2008 campaign:
* 1. Kansas Medical Society $1,000
* 2. Kansans for Lifesaving Cures $1,000
* 3. Kansas Contractors Assoc $1,000
* 4. Koch Industries $1,000
* 5. AT&T $1,000
# Clark Shultz

Clark Shultz (born 1957) is a former Republican member of the Kansas Senate, having represented the 35th district. Following the resignation of Jay Emler in January 2014, he was selected to take the position by Precinct and Township Republican Committeemen and Committeewomen. He previously served in the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 73rd district. His was succeeded in the House by Les Mason. He had served since 1997. He and his family currently reside in Lindsborg.

## Committee membership

* Health and Human Services
* Financial Institutions
* Insurance (Chair)
* Rules and Journal (Chair)
* Select Committee on KPERS (Vice-Chair)

## Major Donors

The top 5 donors to Shultz's 2008 campaign:
* 1. Kansas Assoc of Insurance Agents $1,000
* 2. Koch Industries $1,000
* 3. Kansas Bankers Assoc $1,000
* 4. Kansas Hospital Assoc $1,000
* 5. HSBC North America $1,000
# Eugene Anderson (Kansas politician)

Eugene Anderson (March 9, 1944 – July 2, 2024) is an African-American former politician from Kansas who served as a member of both the Kansas House of Representatives and the Kansas Senate.
Anderson was born in Georgia. He served in the military after graduating high school, and eventually moved to Wichita. Before entering politics, Anderson worked as a brakeman for the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. In 1972, he ran for election to the Kansas House, eventually serving two terms there. From 1979 to 1983, he was chair of the Kansas Commission on Civil Rights, and also worked as an aide to U.S. Representative Dan Glickman.
In 1984, Anderson ran for the State Senate, winning his election for the 29th district. He won re-election in 1988, and resigned in November 1991. After his time in the State Senate, Anderson worked as a general contractor and owned a store specializing in business services.
# Edward Francis Gordon

Edward Francis Gordon (November 18, 1928–October 16, 2013) was an American politician who served in the Kansas House of Representatives and Kansas State Senate.
Gordon was born in Highland, Kansas, where he married his wife, Virginia, in 1948; they spent most of their lives in the town and were married for 65 years. He was appointed to the Kansas House of Representatives in 1975, to fill out the remainder of the term for a seat left vacant by the resignation of George Van Bebber.
Gordon served in the Kansas House until 1982, when the death of John E. Chandler left the 1st senate district open. Gordon was appointed to that seat and won re-election in his own right in 1984. He was succeeded in the Senate by Don Sallee.
# Jeanne Hoferer

Jeanne Hoferer (born April 23, 1948) is an American former politician who served in the Kansas State Senate from 1984 to 1988.
Hoferer was raised in Kansas City, Missouri, and attended Roman Catholic schools as a child. She attended Washburn University before dropping out to marry her husband Paul, eventually returning to earn her B.A. in 1980. Before entering politics herself, she worked for U.S. Senator Nancy Kassebaum's office.
On June 1, 1984, Hoferer was appointed to fill the Senate seat left open by Elwaine Pomeroy, who resigned his seat to serve on the Kansas parole board. She almost immediately faced an election, running against Vic Miller, a state representative from the area; Hoferer defeated him in the general election in November, thereby winning a full term in the Senate in her own right.
During her time in the Senate, Hoferer passed an amendment regulating pet sellers that were commonly described as "puppy mills". She ran for re-election in 1988, but lost to Democrat Marge Petty.
# Jerry Karr

Gerald L. "Jerry" Karr (October 15, 1936 – December 8, 2019) was an American farmer and politician from Kansas.

## Background

Karr was born in Emporia, Kansas, on October 15, 1936, and graduated from Americus High School. Karr went to the College of Emporia. He received his bachelor's degree in agricultural economics in 1959, from Kansas State University, and his master's degree in agricultural economics from Southern Illinois University in 1962. Karr served in the United States Army Reserves from 1959 to 1965. He taught economics at University of Central Missouri, Njala University in Sierra Leone, and Wilmington College in Wilmington, Ohio. In 1976, Karr, his wife, and family returned to Kansas and settled on a farm near Emporia, Kansas.

## Political career

Karr sat in the Kansas Senate from 1981 to 1999, as a legislator of the 17th district, serving as the minority leader from 1991 to 1996. He resigned on January 10, 1999, and was replaced by Democrat Harry Stephens.
In 2010, Karr attempted to re-enter politics. Following the resignation of Jim Barnett from the 17th district in October 2010, Jeff Longbine was appointed to the seat. Karr contested the November 2010 special election, but lost to Longbine.
Karr died on December 8, 2019, aged 83.
# Fred Kerr

Fred A. Kerr (born December 29, 1940) is an American former politician who served in the Kansas State Senate from 1977 to 1992.
Kerr was born in Spearville, Kansas as a third-generation farmer and rancher. He attended Oklahoma State University and was involved in civic affairs in Pratt County before being elected to the Senate.
Kerr was elected to the Senate in 1976, defeating Kansas State House member Walter Graber by a narrow margin. During his time in the Senate, Kerr chaired the taxation committee and the agriculture committee. He retired from the Senate in 1992, and in 1994 ran for governor; he finished in third place in a six-way race in the Republican primary, losing to eventual governor Bill Graves. Graves nominated Kerr to the Kansas Board of Regents in 1999.
# Sargul

Sargul (Russian: Саргуль) is a lake in Zdvinsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russian Federation.
Nizhny Chulym town is located by the northeastern shore of the lake and the small village of Aleksotovo at the southern end.

## Geography

Sargul lies in the Baraba Lowland, West Siberian Plain. It belongs to the Chulym river basin, located in the southern part of the Ob-Irtysh interfluve. The Chulym enters the lake from the northeastern side and flows out from the southwestern end. Sargul is the next-to-last of the fluvial lakes of the westward flowing Chulym before it ends at Lake Malye Chany; the last one is lake Uryum, which lies about 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) further downstream. It has an hourglass shape roughly aligned from northeast to southwest..
The Bagan flows 17 kilometers (11 mi) to the south. Lake Malye Chany lies 30 kilometers (19 mi) to the west, Sartlan 32 kilometers (20 mi) to the NNW, and Inder 64 kilometers (40 mi) to the east.
# Paresky Commons

Paresky Commons (colloquially known as "Commons") is Phillips Academy's main dining facility. Designed by architect Charles Platt and constructed by Thompson Starrett, Commons was built in the 1920s Colonial Revival style. Located in Flagstaff Quadrangle (designed by the Olmsted brothers), it is the social hub of Andover. Today, Commons aims to serve healthy food from diverse backgrounds while still accounting for dietary needs and sustainability.

## History

In 1928, Thomas Cochran donated $300,000 on the condition that the trustees could raise another $300,000. Once opened, the academy instituted the policy where each grade level would have a special room for themselves. The remnants of this policy still last today as 9th and 10th graders typically sit upstairs ("upper") while 11th and 12th graders sit on the base level ("lower").
The dining facility has undergone four major renovations in recent history. First, in 1970 a $125,000 renovation separated the dishwashing and food serving, installed of conveyor belts to pick up dirty dishes and cups, and reorganized the serving lines. Then, in 1980 a renovation for a bit under $2 million added a student center and snack bar in the basement. Recently, a 2007 renovation, cost $30 million which renovated bathrooms, updated color schemes, improved air quality, serving areas and lighting. After this renovation, the building was renamed in honor of David Paresky ’56 whose $10 million donation helped to finance to renovation. In 2011, Commons earned LEED Silver certification after installing energy saving technologies.
# Sainte-Germaine-Boulé

Sainte-Germaine-Boulé (French pronunciation:) is a municipality in northwestern Quebec, Canada, in the Abitibi-Ouest Regional County Municipality. It covers 110.04 square kilometres (42.49 sq mi) and had a population of 941 as of the 2021 Canadian census.
The municipality was incorporated on January 1, 1954.

## History

Sainte-Germaine-Boulé was first settled in 1922 when the family of Noël Boucher and Marie Couillard moved in. The sector was still part of the municipality of Palmarolle at the time. The municipality started in 1932 with the arrival of the family of Roméo Drouin, his brother Amédée Drouin and their parents Louis Drouin and Démérise Beaudoin. One year later a visit of Mgr Rhéaume was organized to fix the location of a future church.
The sector continued to develop at a steady pace until 1954 when it officially became its own separate municipality from Palmarolle, as well as by gaining territory from the nearby Poularies. The original name of the new municipality was Sainte-Germaine-de-Palmarolle but it was changed to Sainte-Germaine-Boulé five months later.

## Demographics
### Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1956 | 1,299 | — |
| 1961 | 1,370 | +5.5% |
| 1966 | 1,276 | −6.9% |
| 1971 | 1,152 | −9.7% |
| 1976 | 1,101 | −4.4% |
| 1981 | 1,058 | −3.9% |
| 1986 | 1,087 | +2.7% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1991 | 1,118 | +2.9% |
| 1996 | 1,076 | −3.8% |
| 2001 | 1,005 | −6.6% |
| 2006 | 942 | −6.3% |
| 2011 | 895 | −5.0% |
| 2016 | 986 | +10.2% |
| 2021 | 941 | −4.6% |
Source: Statistics Canada :
Mother tongue (2021):
* English as first language: 0%
* French as first language: 99.5%
* English and French as first language: 0%
* Other as first language: 0%

## Government

Municipal council (as of 2023):
* Mayor: Jaclin Bégin
* Councillors: Christine Doré, Mélanie Caron-Croisetière, David Goulet, Frédéric Audet, Marc Vallières, Mélanie Morin
List of former mayors:
* Adélard Turgeon (1954–1956)
* Adrien Gagnon (1956–1962)
* Louis Audet (1962–1973)
* Gérard Paradis (1973–1975)
* Amédée Morin (1975–1979)
* Bernard Jobin (1979–1983)
* Daniel Audet (1983–1986)
* Richard Audet (1986–1997)
* Jaclin Bégin (1997–present)
# Donald D. Doyle

Donald D. Doyle (February 6, 1915 – January 31, 2011) served in the California legislature and during World War II he served in the United States Marine Corps.
While serving in the California Assembly from January 5, 1953 - January 5, 1959, Doyle co-authored the Short-Doyle Mental Health Act with California Senator Alan Short and authored legislation creating the ferry boat transportation system between Benicia and Martinez.