# Borough of Great Yarmouth

The Borough of Great Yarmouth is a local government district with borough status in Norfolk, England. It is named after its main town, Great Yarmouth, and also contains the town of Gorleston-on-Sea and a number of villages and rural areas, including part of The Broads. Other notable settlements include Caister-on-Sea, Hemsby, Hopton-on-Sea and Winterton-on-Sea.
The borough is on the east coast of Norfolk, facing the North Sea. It borders North Norfolk to the north, Broadland to the west, South Norfolk to the south-west, and East Suffolk to the south.

## History

The town of Great Yarmouth was an ancient borough, having been granted a charter in 1208. The borough was enlarged in 1668 to take in the Southtown area (also known as Little Yarmouth) on the south side of the River Yare in the parish of Gorleston. In 1703 the borough was given the right to appoint a mayor. The borough was reformed to become a municipal borough in 1836, when it was also enlarged to include the rest of the parish of Gorleston. When elected county councils were created in 1889, Great Yarmouth was considered large enough to provide its own county-level services and so it became a county borough, independent from the new Norfolk County Council.
The modern district was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, covering the whole area of the former county borough and parts of another two districts, which were all abolished at the same time:
* Blofield and Flegg Rural District (parishes lying generally north-east of the River Bure, rest went to Broadland)
* Great Yarmouth County Borough
* Lothingland Rural District (parishes of Belton, Bradwell, Burgh Castle, Fritton and St Olaves and Hopton-on-Sea only, rest went to Waveney)
The Lothingland parishes had been in East Suffolk prior to the 1974 reforms; their inclusion in the Great Yarmouth district was brought about as an amendment to the draft legislation at committee stage proposed by Anthony Fell, Member of Parliament for the Great Yarmouth constituency.
The new district was named Great Yarmouth after its main settlement. The new district was granted borough status from its creation, allowing the chair of the council to take the title of mayor, continuing Great Yarmouth's series of mayors dating back to 1703.

## Governance

Great Yarmouth Borough Council provides district-level services. County-level services are provided by Norfolk County Council. Parts of the borough are also covered by civil parishes, which form a third tier of local government.
In the parts of the district within The Broads, town planning is the responsibility of the Broads Authority. The borough council appoints one of its councillors to sit on that authority.

### Political control

The council has been under no overall control since the 2023 election, being run by a Conservative minority administration.
The first election to the borough council as reformed under the Local Government Act 1972 was held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until the new arrangements came into effect on 1 April 1974. Political control of the council since 1974 has been as follows:
| Party in control | Years |
| Conservative | 1974–1980 |
| No overall control | 1980–1983 |
| Conservative | 1983–1986 |
| No overall control | 1986–1990 |
| Labour | 1990–2000 |
| Conservative | 2000–2012 |
| Labour | 2012–2014 |
| No overall control | 2014–2017 |
| Conservative | 2017–2023 |
| No overall control | 2023–present |

### Leadership

The role of mayor is largely ceremonial in Great Yarmouth. Political leadership is instead provided by the leader of the council. The leaders since 1999 have been:
| Councillor | Party | From | To |
| Barry Coleman | Conservative | 1999 | 2011 |
| Steve Ames | Conservative | 2011 | 6 May 2012 |
| Trevor Wainwright | Labour | May 2012 | 19 May 2015 |
| Graham Plant | Conservative | 19 May 2015 | 16 May 2019 |
| Carl Smith | Conservative | 16 May 2019 | |

### Composition

Following the 2023 election the composition of the council was:
| Party | Party | Councillors |
| | Conservative | 19 |
| | Labour | 18 |
| | Independent | 2 |
| Total | Total | 39 |
The next election is due in 2027.

### Elections

Since the last boundary changes in 2004 the council has comprised 39 councillors representing 17 wards, with each ward election one, two or three councillors. Elections are held every four years.
In the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 71.5% of Great Yarmouth voted to leave the European Union, the 5th highest such leave vote in the country.

#### UK Youth Parliament

Although the UK Youth Parliament is an apolitical organisation, the elections are run in a way similar to that of the Local Elections. The votes come from 11 to 18-year olds and are combined to make the decision of the next, 2-year Member of Youth Parliament. The elections are run at different times across the country with Great Yarmouth's typically being in early Spring and bi-annually.

### Premises

The council is based at Great Yarmouth Town Hall on Hall Plain, which was completed in 1882 for the old borough council.

## Geography

The borough comprises the urban area of Great Yarmouth itself, together with 21 surrounding parishes. At the time of the 2001 census, the borough had an area of 182 km², of which 26 km² was in the urban area and 156 km² in the surrounding parishes. The borough had a population of 90,810 in 39,380 households, with 47,288 people in 21,007 households living in the urban area, whilst 43,522 people in 18,373 households lived in the surrounding parishes.

### Places

Besides Great Yarmouth itself, other significant settlements in the borough include:
* Bastwick, Belton, Bradwell, Browston Green, Burgh Castle, Burgh St Margaret
* Caister-on-Sea, California
* East Somerton
* Filby, Fleggburgh, Fritton
* Gorleston-on-Sea
* Hemsby, Hopton-on-Sea
* Martham, Mautby
* Runham
* Ormesby St. Margaret, Ormesby St. Michael
* Repps, Rollesby
* St. Olaves, Scratby, Stokesby
* Thrigby
* West Somerton, Winterton-on-Sea
* Cobholm Island

### Parishes

The main part of Great Yarmouth itself, roughly corresponding to the pre-1974 borough (and so including Gorleston) is an unparished area. The remainder of the district comprises the following civil parishes:
* Ashby with Oby
* Belton with Browston †, Bradwell †, Burgh Castle †
* Caister-on-Sea
* Filby, Fleggburgh with Billockby & Clippesby, Fritton and St. Olaves †
* Hemsby, Hopton-on-Sea †
* Martham, Mautby
* Ormesby St. Margaret with Scratby, Ormesby St. Michael
* Repps with Bastwick, Rollesby
* Somerton, Stokesby with Herringby
* Thurne
* West Caister, Winterton-on-Sea
† formerly part of Lothingland Rural District

## Freedom of the Borough

The following people, military units and organisations and groups have received the Freedom of the Borough of Great Yarmouth.

### Individuals

* Admiral Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson: 1800.
* Cora Batley: 1997.
* [Michael Thomas Jeal: 14 April 2022.

### Military Units

* The 1st East Anglian Regiment: 1963.
* The Royal Anglian Regiment: 1964.
* HMS Yarmouth, RN: 1984.
* The Great Yarmouth and Gorleston Lifeboat Station, RNLI: 1984.
* The Caister Volunteer Lifeboat Service: 1984.
* 901 Troop Royal Marines Cadets: 28 September 2012.
* The Royal British Legion (Great Yarmouth Branch): 2 November 2012.
* HMS Dauntless, RN: 11 June 2013.

### Organisations and Groups

* Great Yarmouth Lions Club: 18 April 2024.