OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ward River (Ireland)

The Ward River (Irish: Abhainn an Bharda), sometimes historically the Swords River, is a watercourse of County Meath and northern County Dublin. About 18 kilometres (11 mi) long;$^{:2}$ it runs through the town of Swords and then flows into the Broadmeadow River. The Ward is a salmonid river, with several species of fish, including brown trout. It has several small tributaries. The river is in the jurisdictions of Meath and Fingal County Councils, as well as within the oversight of the Environmental Protection Agency.

## Name

In English, the river was historically known as the "Ward", from the Norman or French "Le Warde", probably connected to the idea of "guarding", for example the castle at Swords. In some sources the river is known wholly, or for those parts near Swords, as the Swords River.

## Geology and catchment

The river flows over limestone in mostly agricultural lands in its upper and middle courses, and in urban spaces around Swords; it has a catchment basin of over 60 sq. km.

## Course

The Ward rises near Killester in County Meath, west of Rathbeggan and south of Fairyhouse Racecourse. It takes in tributaries as it proceeds southeast, including from the racecourse area, then runs east to the county boundary.
Within Fingal, in the historic County Dublin, the river has several small tributaries, including Mabestown Steam at the western edge of the county. It flows under Coolquoy Bridge and Coolatrath Bridge, and a nameless stream joins, followed by Shallon Stream and, at Skephubble, St Margaret's Stream, ultimately from Hunstown, passing via St Margaret's. The river continues into Ward River Valley Park, passing Knocksedan Bridge. Near the site of Brackenstown House there is a pond, sometimes called Ussher's Lake, and the remnants of a mill site. There used to be other ponds in this area, but one was reduced in scale, and then filled in, and the other reduced to a widened section of river. This section of the river is sometimes known as "the Jacko". Towards the end of the park, another mill used to exist, under Gallows Hill, as the river approaches central Swords. Just below Main Street a small stream from Rathingle flows in, behind a pub and near the town's holy well. The Ward parallels Main Street, and then runs a little west of Swords Castle, flowing under Scotchstone Bridge. After passing Balheary Bridge, and under the old road from Swords towards Drogheda, it merges into the Broadmeadow River in an area of overgrown land, before the parent river opens out into its estuary.

## Flora and fauna

The most abundant fish in the Ward, in an official study of 2017, were brown trout, followed by minnow. Also found were eels, stickleback and stone loach. Two thirds of sites checked were rated "moderate", one sixth "good" and one sixth "poor" for fish ecology by Inland Fisheries Ireland.

### Angling

There is limited fishing for brown trout on the Ward.
# Hellscape

A hellscape is a harsh environment, an unpleasant place, or a scene thought to resemble hell. A depiction of hell in a work of art is called a hellscape.
The earliest known use of the term in print was in 1894.

## In real life

Writers have sometimes described wartime environments as hellscapes, and after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the cities were defined as such by its survivors. Writers have also used hellscape to describe the scene of a natural disaster such as a drought, plague, flood, or wildfire. Projections of the consequences of global warming have been described by journalists as hellscapes.
The usage of recreational drugs such as heroin has been described by its users as creating hellscapes.
In the tech press, journalists have defined Internet disinformation as a hellscape. Some have speculated the replacing of human labor with intelligent robots could lead to a future hellscape, as well as child sex dolls.
Vox wrote that postmodern philosophers have predicted a post-truth hellscape.
In October 2022, after purchasing Twitter, Elon Musk stated that it couldn't become "a free-for-all hellscape".

## In war

The United States Department of Defense has a significant drone program called “Replicator” to counter China’s military mass and capabilities. This program aims to create many thousands of low-cost, highly autonomous drones for deployment by the United States Indo-Pacific Command in the Indo-Pacific theater by 2025. “Hellscape” refers not to the program itself but to the complex and intensely contested battlespace environment that these drones are intended to navigate and dominate. The strategic intent is to enable U.S. forces to quickly identify and engage up to 1,000 targets within 24 hours using a network of land, air, and sea drones. These drones are designed to enhance the U.S.‘s operational flexibility and deter potential Chinese military actions, particularly regarding Taiwan’s security against a Chinese invasion force.

## In movies

In movies, depictions of hellscapes are common.
Apocalypse Now depicts earthly hellscapes, during war. Other notable examples in cinema include Blade Runner 2049, Alien, Mad Max: Fury Road, as well as all of the Mad Max series.

## In art

Hieronymus Bosch's The Last Judgement depicts a religious hellscape. Other examples are Jan van Eyck's Crucifixion and Last Judgement diptych, and Pieter Bruegel the Elder's Dull Gret.

## In literature

Dante Alighieri's Inferno is one of the best-known examples of a hellscape. The Great Gatsby depicts the "Valley of the Ashes" as a hellscape.

## In video games

A number of video games depict hellscapes, including Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice.
# Lightbox

A lightbox is a translucent surface illuminated from behind, used for situations where a shape laid upon the surface needs to be seen with high contrast.

## Types

Several varieties exist, depending on their purpose:
* Various backlit viewing devices:
** A container with several lightbulbs and a pane of frosted glass on the top. It is used by photography professionals viewing transparent films, such as slides. This device was originally used to sort photographic plates with ease. When laid flat, it may be called a light table. Generally, a lightbox uses light similar to daylight (5,000–6,000 kelvins (K)) and has uniform light strength on the glass pane.
** In the form of vertical panels, they can also be found mounted on the walls of hospitals and medical offices to review X-ray images (X-ray illuminator).
** In the science field, lightboxes are often used for looking at bacterial growth and allow better visualization for PCR plates.
** A lighted display panel used for advertising purposes. The panel can be illuminated by fluorescent light bulbs or LED lighting strips. The efficiency of light boxes improved dramatically after the introduction of LED technology. The user inserts a graphic, which can be changed easily. Some light boxes are designed especially for outdoor purposes so they are more weatherproof.
* An advertising format at Google Ads that allows users to click and expand an ad in order to engage with it.
* The fabric reflectors that attach to studio lighting via a connector to create soft lighting by diffusing the strobe flash are called "light boxes". They generally come in various rectangle or octagon shapes. Interior reflectors can be white, silver or gold to alter the temperature of light. Baffling inserts are also available.
* A variation of this is a box, with one open end, made of diffusing material, to allow the photographing of a sample object with no shadows. It is also called light tent or photo cube.
* A folder used on stock photography to allow a user to organize digital photos. Photos can be assigned to a viewable lightbox folder by subject, for later convenience, or used to compile unrelated photos for a specific project layout. Lightboxes also allow graphic designers to show clients options for a project in one simple uncluttered folder.
* The card-reader near the door in a hotel room, used as the main electric switch

## Gallery

* Small lightbox opened to reveal workings
* Interior lightbox sign fixed to the ground
* Wall mounted lightbox for inspecting medical X-rays
* Lightbox used in outdoor advertising
* Lightbox designed to produce images with diffuse lighting from all angles
* Lightbox used as a Memorial Plaque
# Wallace Thayer

Wallace Thayer (October 18, 1866 – November 5, 1944) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Life

He was born on October 18, 1866, in Buffalo, New York to Edwin Thayer, a Lawyer from Buffalo, New York and brother of William Wallace Thayer and Andrew Jackson Thayer. He graduated in 1889 from Buffalo Law School, then still affiliated with Niagara University and was awarded the Daniel's Scholarship for best thesis on constitutional law for his writings on the 14th amendment. He practiced law in Buffalo.
In November 1913, Thayer was elected as a Progressive, with Democratic endorsement, to the New York State Assembly (Erie Co., 8th D.), and was a member of the 137th New York State Legislature in 1914.
He died on November 5, 1944, in Los Angeles, California.
# William Y. Chang

William Yukon Chang (Chinese: 鄭玉安) was a Chinese-American newspaper publisher and community leader who advocated for the Chinese American communities in New York City. He was the founder of the Chinese-American Times newspaper, that operated from 1955 to 1972.

## Early life and education

Chang was born in Honolulu, Hawaii on January 1, 1916. His grandparents immigrated from China to Hawaii, making a living raising coffee and running a grocery store. His father, William Sang Chang, was a merchant seaman while his mother, Kui Kyau Lee, was a homemaker. He graduated from McKinley High School in Honolulu and went on to earn a B.A. in journalism from St. John's University in Shanghai, China.

## Career

After the Second Sino–Japanese War broke out in Shanghai in 1937, he sailed back to Hawaii and enrolled briefly at the University of Hawai'i in the teacher education program. In 1941, he returned to Shanghai as he found it more stimulating, and the daily English-language newspaper The China Press hired him as a sportswriter.
After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, Japanese forces invaded and occupied Shanghai and shut the paper down. Chang had to wear an armband to identify himself as an enemy alien.
In 1947, he left his job as the editor and columnist of The China Press, and moved to New York City. He wrote briefly for The Saturday Evening Post under the byline Yukon Chang.

### Chinese-American Times

While Chang was working as a translator in 1954, Mayor Robert F. Wagner Jr. mentioned to him, "We don’t know what’s going on in your community." After pointing out that there were four newspapers, all of them in Chinese language, Wagner asked, "Shouldn’t you have at least one in English?" In 1964, the newspaper had about 3,000 subscribers.

### Political and community activities

According to The New York Times, he was a "sought-after translator, a confidant to old-school Chinese familial associations, a go-between in landlord-tenant disputes and a voice on the neighborhood’s community board."

## Awards

In 2000, Chang received the Museum of Chinese in America's Legacy Award.

## Personal life

In 1952, Chang married then-SMC exchange student Tang Kou Mei (湯國梅), the first daughter of Nationalist general Tang Enbo (湯恩伯). They raised three daughters, Dallas, Marina and Priscilla.
Chang died on September 4, 2019, at the age of 103 in New York City.
An archive of his work, The William Yukon Chang Papers, are held by the Columbia University Libraries.
# Sengamalapatti

Sengamalapatti is a village panchayat located in the Virudhunagar district of Tamil Nadu state, India. Chennai is the state capital for Sengamalapatti village. It is located around 484.3 kilometer away from Sengamalapatti. The native language of Sengamalapatti is Tamil and most of the village people speak Tamil. Sengamalapatti people use Tamil language for communication.
# 1999 World Short Track Speed Skating Team Championships

The 1999 World Short Track Speed Skating Team Championships is the 9th edition of the World Short Track Speed Skating Team Championships, which took place on 5-7 April 1999 in St. Louis, United States.
All teams were represented by four athletes at 500 m and 1000 m as well as by two athletes at 3000 m. At 500 m and 1000 m, athletes were drafted into the heats of four. At 3000 m, athletes were drafted into two heats. All athletes in each heat were from different countries. The best four team advanced for the relay competition.

## Medal winners

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men | China Li Jiajun Feng Kai An Yulong Yuan Ye | Canada Jonathan Guilmette François-Louis Tremblay Éric Bédard Derrick Campbell Andrew Quinn | Japan Satoru Terao Takafumi Nishitani Hayato Sueyoshi Takehiro Kodera Hitoshi Uematsu |
| Women | China Wang Chunlu Yang Yang (A) Yang Yang (S) Sun Dandan Liu Xiaoying | Canada Isabelle Charest Christine Boudrias Annie Perreault Tania Vicent Marie-Ève Drolet | South Korea Kim Yun-mi An Sang-mi Kim Moon-jung Choi Min-kyung Kim Yang-hee |

## Results
### Men

| Rank | Nation | Total |
| | China | 49 |
| | Canada | 42 |
| | Japan | 37 |
| 4 | United States | 31 |
| 5 | South Korea | 25 |
| 6 | Italy | 22 |

### Women

| Rank | Nation | Total |
| | China | 69 |
| | Canada | 35 |
| | South Korea | 34 |
| 4 | United States | 33 |
| 5 | Italy | 21 |
| 6 | Japan | 20 |
# Yvonne Johnson

Yvonne Johnson (October 26, 1942 – December 4, 2024) was an American politician who was the mayor of Greensboro, North Carolina, from 2007 until 2009. She was previously a member of the Greensboro City Council for 14 years, beginning in 1993 and Mayor Pro-Tem for 6 years. Johnson was the first African-American to serve as Greensboro's mayor.

## Life

Johnson grew up in Greensboro, and experienced segregation from a young age. She was a Girl Scout and attended Bennett College, where she became involved in civil rights activism. She participated in sit-ins, once being incarcerated for three days following a demonstration, and walked in the 1963 March on Washington. She graduated from Bennett in 1964, and went on to earn a master's degree in guidance and counseling from North Carolina A&T.
In 1982, Johnson became the leader of local non-profit One Step Further, a United Way Agency in Greensboro that provides mediation and court alternative programs to Greensboro's youth. She served as their executive director until early 2024. Johnson also worked as a workshop facilitator, focusing on topics of diversity and racism.
Johnson joined the Greensboro City Council in 1993, serving until 2007; she was Mayor Pro-Tem of the council from 2001 until 2007. She was the first African-American woman to hold the Mayor Pro-Tem position. As a city council member, she supported the establishment of a civil rights museum in Greensboro's Woolworth's, site of the Greensboro sit-ins, and the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which investigated the events of the 1979 Greensboro massacre.
From 2007 to 2009, she served as mayor of Greensboro, North Carolina, becoming the first African-American to serve as Greensboro's mayor. Johnson lost her reelection bid in 2009 to Republican political newcomer Bill Knight. In 2011, she ran for election again, this time for an at-large city council seat, having garnered the most votes of any candidate in the October 2011 city primary. In the November 2011 election, Johnson won the majority of the at-large vote, reclaiming her city council position of Mayor Pro-Tem.
In February 2010, the Greensboro Economic Development Alliance (GEDA) awarded her with the Stanley Frank Lifetime Achievement Award. Johnson served on the board of directors for Malachi House and was the Women's Resource Center's first president. She also served on boards for Greensboro Housing Coalition, Foster Friends, Sports Dreams and the Greensboro Arts Council.

## Personal life and death

Johnson was married to Walter Johnson, who is an attorney; they had four children. She was a member of the Episcopal church.
Johnson died on December 4, 2024, at the age of 82.
# Yinzibing

Yinzibing (阴滋病) is an unverified disease. AIDS-like symptoms were reported by people who claimed that they had caught such disease, but tested negative for HIV.
Authorities claim people had anxiety and stress that could have triggered an auto-immune disease.

## Etymology

The term was coined from "yīnxìng (negative)", "àizī (AIDS)", and "bìng (disease)". It was also referred to as "Yinxing Aizibing" (阴性艾滋病, HIV-negative AIDS).

## History

In 2011, rumors of an AIDS-like disease were spreading in Mainland China, which captured the attention of the media of China and Hong Kong and spread across the internet. It was reported that people with "yinzibing" had AIDS-like symptoms such as hypodermic hemorrhage, weak immune system, swollen lymph glands, etc. An investigation followed. The Chinese Ministry of Health conducted an epidemiological investigation.
The Disease Prevention and Control Bureau of China stated that no new virus was found and that yinzibing was a mental health problem.
A study of patients claiming to suffer from this disorder, conducted in 2013, concluded that this disease could not be completely explained by mental disorder. However, a 2019 follow-up study suggested the symptoms were explainable as chronic fatigue syndrome, an illness usually precipitated by a viral infection or stress.
The Chinese CDC shipped blood samples overseas for additional analysis. That analysis found no new virus nor infection.
# Anthony Scardino

Anthony Scardino Jr. (born August 24, 1936) is an American Democratic Party politician and government official from New Jersey. He served in the New Jersey Senate from the 36th district from 1974 to 1980 and had served as Mayor of Lyndhurst, New Jersey.
Born in Hoboken in 1936, he attended public schools in Lyndhurst and served in the United States Air Force. He served on the Lyndhurst Board of Education from 1963 to 1972 and was Mayor of Lyndhurst at the time of his election to the Senate.
He was an unsuccessful candidate to the New Jersey General Assembly in 1971 running in District 13-A. However, two years later he was elected to the State Senate from the new 36th District encompassing southern Bergen County. He was reelected in 1977. During his second term in the Senate, he resigned to take a position on the Hackensack Meadowlands Development Commission, later known as the New Jersey Meadowlands Commission. He served as the agency's executive director for 18 years. Following that agency's merger with the New Jersey Sports and Exposition Authority, he became a commissioner there. Scardino has also served on the Felician College Board of Trustees and the board of the Hackensack University Medical Center.
He is married to the former Madelyn Giammetta and has five children.
# Athletics at the 2009 Summer Universiade – Men's hammer throw

The men's hammer throw event at the 2009 Summer Universiade was held on 7–8 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Yury Shayunou Belarus | James Steacy Canada | Oleksiy Sokyrskyy Ukraine |

## Results
### Qualification

Qualification: 74.00 m (Q) or at least 12 best (q) qualified for the final.
| Rank | Group | Athlete | Nationality | #1 | #2 | #3 | Result | Notes |
| 1 | B | Yury Shayunou | Belarus | x | 71.31 | 73.74 | 73.74 | q |
| 2 | B | James Steacy | Canada | 73.52 | – | – | 73.52 | q |
| 3 | B | Frédérick Pouzy | France | 69.16 | 70.30 | 73.27 | 73.27 | q |
| 4 | B | Dmitry Velikopolsky | Russia | 71.57 | 71.70 | 70.33 | 71.70 | q |
| 5 | A | Oleksiy Sokyrskyy | Ukraine | 71.05 | 71.58 | x | 71.58 | q |
| 6 | A | Sven Mohsner | Germany | 70.55 | 70.91 | 68.91 | 70.91 | q |
| 7 | B | Juha Kauppinen | Finland | 69.13 | 68.87 | 70.18 | 70.18 | q |
| 8 | B | Benjamin Siart | Austria | 69.97 | 67.25 | 69.56 | 69.97 | q |
| 9 | A | Mohsen El Anany | Egypt | 67.65 | 68.12 | 69.70 | 69.70 | q |
| 10 | A | Marcel Lomnický | Slovakia | 66.43 | 68.19 | 69.53 | 69.53 | q |
| 11 | B | Ainārs Vaičulēns | Latvia | 68.86 | x | 63.63 | 68.86 | q |
| 12 | A | Efthimios Katsikadamis | Greece | 68.43 | 67.81 | x | 68.43 | q |
| 13 | A | Denis Lukyanov | Russia | x | 65.70 | 62.73 | 65.70 | |
| 14 | B | Gong Jian | China | 62.10 | x | 65.10 | 65.10 | |
| 15 | A | Kaveh Mousavi | Iran | 63.33 | 63.96 | x | 63.96 | |
| 16 | A | Petros Sofianos | Cyprus | 60.92 | 60.27 | 60.96 | 60.96 | |
| 17 | A | Martin Vasilev | Bulgaria | 57.79 | 60.20 | 59.30 | 60.20 | |
| | B | Mostafa Abdul El-Moaty | Egypt | | | | DNS | |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nationality | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 | Result | Notes |
| | Yury Shayunou | Belarus | x | 76.77 | 74.28 | 76.92 | x | x | 76.92 | |
| | James Steacy | Canada | 72.67 | 74.60 | 71.26 | 73.01 | 72.27 | 74.88 | 74.88 | SB |
| | Oleksiy Sokyrskyy | Ukraine | 73.73 | x | x | x | 71.54 | 72.87 | 73.73 | |
| 4 | Frédérick Pouzy | France | 71.15 | x | 71.92 | 67.41 | 71.08 | x | 71.92 | |
| 5 | Sven Mohsner | Germany | 69.61 | 70.05 | 70.73 | x | 71.74 | 71.30 | 71.74 | |
| 6 | Dmitry Velikopolsky | Russia | 70.87 | 70.73 | 71.30 | 68.81 | 70.16 | 68.17 | 71.30 | |
| 7 | Benjamin Siart | Austria | 67.54 | 70.90 | 68.31 | x | x | 66.02 | 70.90 | |
| 8 | Marcel Lomnický | Slovakia | 68.05 | 68.59 | 70.37 | 69.16 | x | 68.17 | 70.37 | |
| 9 | Juha Kauppinen | Finland | 70.18 | 69.54 | x | | | | 70.18 | |
| 10 | Mohsen El Anany | Egypt | 69.91 | x | x | | | | 69.91 | |
| 11 | Efthimios Katsikadamis | Greece | x | x | 63.50 | | | | 63.50 | |
| 12 | Ainārs Vaičulēns | Latvia | x | 62.92 | – | | | | 62.92 | |
# Jefferys Taylor

Jefferys Taylor was a member of a dynasty of writers and artists who flourished in the first half of the 19th century. He was born on 30 October 1792 and died on 8 October 1853

## Life and work

Jefferys Taylor was the youngest son of Isaac Taylor by his wife, Ann Martin, and was born at Lavenham. Soon after his birth, he was pictured as a nursling in his mother's arms in the background of his father's painting of the family, now in the National Portrait Gallery, London. He was educated under his father as an engraver and apprenticed at Lavenham. Possessed of considerable ingenuity, he eventually profited from the invention of a machine for engraving parallel lines.
Many of his brothers and sisters became writers, and Jefferys followed them, particularly as a children's author. His subjects were varied and distinguished by humour and fancy. His first novel, Harry's Holiday or the doings of one who had nothing to do (London, 1818), went through several editions. Two centuries on, its unsentimental view of childhood has been perceived as a forerunner of Lord of the Flies. His next publication was self-illustrated and in verse, Æsop in Rhyme, with some originals (London, 1820), and also saw many editions. Other books were deliberately educational and included The Little Historians: a new Chronicle of the affairs of England in church and state in three volumes (London 1824); Parlour Commentaries on the Constitution and Laws of England (London, 1825); The Forest, or rambles in the woodland (London, 1831); and The Farm, a new account of rural toils and produce (London, 1832). Some of these also carried his own illustrations and were published in the U.S. as well.
On 20 June, 1826, Jefferys married Sophia Mabbs, by whom he had a son, Edward, who died young. He himself died at Broadstairs as the result of a stroke on 8 October, 1853.