OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anderl Heckmair

Andreas "Anderl" Heckmair (12 October 1906 – 1 February 2005) was a German mountain climber and guide who led the first successful ascent of the Eiger north face in July 1938.

## Eiger first ascent

The most experienced mountaineer in a group consisting of himself, Ludwig Vörg, Heinrich Harrer and Fritz Kasparek, Heckmair led the most difficult pitches in the ascent, aided by the extensive kit (including new 12-point crampons) that he and Vörg had purchased using sponsors' money. He ran into several problems on the North Face of the Eiger, including a slip while climbing out of the exit cracks; ,Ludwig Vörg caught him by his feet, piercing his hand on Heckmair's crampons as he did so.
The success brought Heckmair fame throughout the world, particularly in his native Germany. The reception included an audience with Adolf Hitler (whom Heckmair had met before after working with Leni Riefenstahl). Although the Nazis used his achievement for propaganda Anderl shunned the publicity and never joined the Nazi party. After serving on the Eastern Front in World War II, he worked as a mountain guide in his native Bavaria, and was one of the driving forces in the formation of a professional association for mountain guides.
In addition to the Eiger climb, Heckmair climbed new routes on the Grandes Jorasses and many other alpine mountains. He also participated in expeditions to the Andes and the Himalaya. He was also partially responsible for the development of the "two rope" climbing system. In 1934, he took part as a reserve of the DSV team (Franz Fischer, Gustav "Gustl" Müller, Matthias Wörndle) in the Trofeo Mezzalama ski mountaineering competition. Heckmair started one and a half hour after the teams as single runner and overtook all the competing teams.

## Personal life

Heckmair lived in Oberstdorf until his death.

## Literature

* Uli Auffermann: Was zählt ist das Erlebnis: Anderl Heckmair - Alpinist und Lebenskünstler; das Porträt des großen Bergführers und Erstbegehers der Eiger-Nordwand. (Vorwort von Martin Schließler). Semann Verlag, Bochum 2002, ISBN 3-00-008873-3.
* Uli Auffermann, Anderl Heckmair: Zum Glück geht’s bergwärts. (Vorwort von Harry Valérien). Tyrolia Verlag, Innsbruck 2005, ISBN 3-7022-2690-7.
* Anderl Heckmair: Eigernordwand, Grandes Jorasses und andere Abenteuer. (Vorwort von Reinhold Messner). AS Verlag, Zürich 1999, ISBN 3-905111-38-1.
* David Pagel: My Dinner with Anderl. In: Allen Steck, Steve Roper: Ascent. AAC Press, Golden, CO, 1999, ISBN 0-930410-80-7, S. 13–26.
# Tikamporn Changkeaw

Tikamporn Changkeaw (Thai: ฑิฆัมพร ช้างเขียว, born December 12, 1984, in Suphanburi) is a Thai indoor volleyball player. She is a member of the Thailand women's national volleyball team.

## Clubs

* Idea Khonkaen (2008–2013)
* Sisaket (2013–2014)
* Bangkok Glass (2014–2018)
* Nakhon Ratchasima (2018–2019)
* Khonkaen Star (2019–2020)
* Diamond Food (2020–)

## Awards
### Individuals

* 2012–13 Thailand League – "Best Libero"
* 2012–13 Thailand League – "Best Receiver"
* 2013–14 Thailand League – "Best Libero"
* 2014 VTV International Cup – "Best Libero"
* 2015 Asian Club Championship – "Best Libero"
* 2016 Asian Club Championship – "Best Libero"
* 2020 Thailand League – "Best Libero"

### Clubs

* 2012–13 Thailand League – Champion, with Idea Khonkaen
* 2013 Thai–Denmark Super League – Champion, with Idea Khonkaen
* 2013–14 Thailand League – Runner-up, with Sisaket
* 2014–15 Thailand League – Champion, with Bangkok Glass
* 2015 Thai-Denmark Super League – Champion, with Bangkok Glass
* 2015–16 Thailand League – Champion, with Bangkok Glass
* 2016 Thai–Denmark Super League - Champion, with Bangkok Glass
* 2016–17 Thailand League – Runner-up, with Bangkok Glass
* 2018–19 Thailand League – Champion, with Nakhon Ratchasima
* 2015 Asian Club Championship – Champion, with Bangkok Glass
* 2016 Asian Club Championship – Bronze medal, with Bangkok Glass
* 2020 Thailand League – Runner-up, with Khonkaen Star
# Frank C. Kniffin

Frank Charles Kniffin (April 26, 1894 – April 30, 1968) was an American lawyer and politician who served four terms as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1931 to 1939.

## Early life and career

Born on a farm near Stryker, Ohio, Kniffin attended the public schools and then studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1919 and commenced practice in Napoleon, Ohio.
He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1922 to the Sixty-eighth Congress, in 1924 to the Sixty-ninth Congress, in 1926 to the Seventieth Congress, and in 1928 to the Seventy-first Congress.

## Congress

Kniffin was elected as a Democrat to the Seventy-second and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1931–January 3, 1939). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1938 to the Seventy-sixth Congress. As of 2020, he is the last Democrat to represent this district in Congress.

## Later career and death

Following the end of his term, he resumed the practice of law.
He served as a referee in bankruptcy, northern district of Ohio, western division, from 1939 until his death in Napoleon, Ohio, April 30, 1968. He was interred in Wauseon Cemetery, Wauseon, Ohio.
# Heinrich Lades

Karl Heinrich Lades (4 July 1914 – 4 August 1990) was a German politician of the Christian Social Union (CSU) and mayor of Erlangen from 1959 to 1972.

## Private and public life

Lades was born in Nuremberg, spending his childhood in Erlangen. From 1933 to 1939 he studied jurisprudence and economics in Munich and Erlangen, being sent to the Wehrmacht afterwards. After his return from war, he started his career as a politician in Munich, later moving to Bonn.

## Mayor of Erlangen

After the death of his predecessor, Michael Poeschke, Heinrich Lades was elected as mayor of Erlangen on 5 July 1959, defeating his only competitor, Peter Zink, with 57.9% of all votes. Lades was reelected in 1965 with 65.1% and 1971 with 51.9%. As changes in territory raised the necessity for an early mayoral election, Lades eventually lost against his successor Dietmar Hahlweg.
# Nile Swim Club

The Nile Swim Club is a historically African American swim club located in Yeadon, Pennsylvania, a western suburb of Philadelphia. Continuously open to all races since July 1959, the Nile Swim Club was the first private swimming pool owned and operated by African Americans in the United States. The club provided the growing Black middle class with an alternative to the region's racially segregated swimming pools.

## History

By the late 1950s, middle-class African Americans, including physicians, ministers, businessmen, teachers, and journalists, formed a majority of homeowners in western Yeadon. White residents nevertheless established the Yeadon Swim Club as a de facto racially segregated facility. Membership applications from African Americans mysteriously disappeared or faced outright rejection.
In 1957, the Black community led by Carson Puriefoy, Elmer Stewart, and Zoe Mask rallied to crowdfund its own swimming pool, with 326 original bondholders from Yeadon and nearby communities contributing $250 each. The Nile Swim Club officially opened on July 11, 1959, welcoming a thousand people to its large outdoor pool on the first day. The swim club expanded over time, adding basketball and tennis courts to its 4.5 acres. Carnivals, parties, musical performances, and other events took place there.
Named after the African river, the Nile Swim Club rapidly became integral to the African American community in Yeadon. West Philadelphia native Will Smith worked as a DJ at pool parties there. Visitors often spotted Black celebrities such as Johnny Mathis, Harry Belafonte, the Supremes, DJ Cash Money, and others at functions. It was a popular and respected establishment, as a 1959 issue of Jet Magazine observed that "the $250 fee and a good background are required to keep out the riffraff and undesirables."
The club struggled financially as early as the 1970s, and its facilities fell into disrepair. It was nearly sold at auction to pay back taxes in 2018 before a crowdfunding campaign averted closure. The all-white Yeadon Swim Club had already closed in 2000. The Nile stabilized and then rebounded in the late 2010s, growing from 200 to 1000 members, each of whom paid $300 a month.
In May 2021, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission installed a roadside marker outside the Nile Swim Club entrance on 513 South Union Avenue, recognizing the club as the nation's first swim club owned and operated by African Americans.
# Nurunnessa Khatun Vidyavinodini

Nurunnessa Khatun Vidyavinodini (1894–1975) was a Bangladeshi writer who is considered the first published female Muslim novelist in Bengal.

## Early life

Nurunnessa was born in 1894 in Shahpur, Murshidabad, Bengal Presidency, British Raj. Her family were conservative Muslims who did not allow her to get an education. After she was married she started her education with the active support of husband Qazi Golam Mohammad, a prominent lawyer at that time in Kolkata. She studied English language and literature. She and her contemporary female writers talked about the limitations of being confined to their homes with Amader Mahal (our home).

## Career

Nurunnessa's husband Qazi Golam Mohammad had to travel a great deal because of his job as an attorney which allowed her to see many different places. Her writings were inspired by her travels. Her poem, Ahban-Giti, was published in the monthly Kahinur on the occasion of Boishakh. In 1923 her first novel, Swapna-Drasta, was published. The novel deals with the life of a Muslim family. She wrote a historical novel about Muslim pioneers in India called Janoki Bai Ba Bharate Moslem Biratwa in 1924. In 1925 she wrote Atmadan, a book about self-sacrifice. Her collective works were published in 1929, called Nurunnessa Granthabali. She served as the president of Bangiya Muslim Mahila Sangha (Society of Bengal Muslim Women). She was awarded the title Vidyavinodini by Nikhil Bharat Banga Sahitya Sammelan for her literary contribution. She left Murshidabad, West Bengal, India for Dhaka, East Bengal, Pakistan in 1952, where she settled permanently. She was a women's right activist and called for mothers to ensure the education of their daughters.

## Death

On 6 April 1975 Nurunnessa died in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The University of Dhaka awards the Nurunnessa Khatun Bidda-Binodini Gold Medal annually to female students for outstanding academic achievement as Samina Luthfa received the award.
# Gusto (song)

"Gusto" (lit. 'Desire') is a song by Filipino singer-songwriter Zack Tabudlo from his third studio album, 3rd Time's a Charm (2023). The song was self-written by Tabudlo and co-produced it with Al James. Described as a "blend of pop, R&B, and hip-hop sensibilities", it delves into the perspective of someone who is infatuated but cautious about expressing their feelings to the person they admire. The song was released via Republic Records on May 26, 2023.

## Background and release

Tabudlo started 2023 by debuting the then-unreleased single "Akin Ka" in his performance at the 8th Wish 107.5 Music Awards, while his song "Asan Ka Na Ba" won for Rock/Alternative Song of the Year. On February 14, he released his second album Zack: For All.
On May 26, he released "Gusto", featuring Al James, as part of his third album, 3rd Time's a Charm.

## Composition

Tabudlo described the creation of "Gusto" as an unplanned process that began while he was playing his guitar. According to Tabudlo, the song started with an introductory riff, and the rest of the composition followed quickly. He reportedly completed writing the lyrics within two to three hours.
During the early stages of working on the song, Tabudlo decided to collaborate with rapper Al James, known for songs such as "Pa-umaga", "Repeat", and "PSG". After finishing the verse and bridge, Tabudlo felt that the song would benefit from additional rap verses and reached out to James for the collaboration. James was enthusiastic about the project and contributed to the song's final version.
Musically, the song is described as a "blend of pop, R&B, and hip-hop sensibilities", revealing the perspective of someone infatuated but cautious about expressing their feelings.

## Commercial performance

After its release in May 2023, "Gusto" debuted in Billboard Philippines's Hot 100 chart in 2024, placing at number 88 on the chart's week dated July 6, 2024. The song re-entered the chart again in the first week of August 2024, at number 95.

## Charts

Weekly peak chart positions for "Gusto" :
| Chart (2024) | Peak position |
| Philippines (Philippines Hot 100) | 88 |

## Accolades

In October 2024, "Gusto" has been nominated for the Song of the Year category in at the 16th Star Awards for organized by the Philippine Movie Press Club (PMPC).
# William Blades (politician)

William Blades (September 27, 1798 – March 14, 1877) was a Michigan politician and preacher.

## Early life

Blades was born in Worcester County, Maryland, on September 27, 1798. Blades learned hattery. In 1828, Blades moved away Maryland because of his aversion to slavery. Blades first moved to Newark, New Jersey, then East Avon, New York, until finally moving to Genesee County, Michigan, in 1835. He lived in Grand Blanc until around 1845, where he then moved to Flint.

## Career

From around 1852 until his death, Blades served as an active Methodist Episcopal preacher, and was said to have "married and buried" more people than anyone else in the county. Blades served as justice of the peace from 1835 to 1845. Blades served as Genesee County sheriff from 1844 to 1846. On November 1, 1847, Blades was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives where he represented the Genesee County district from January 3, 1848, to April 3, 1848. During his time in the legislature, Blades was a member of the Whig Party. Later, he was a Republican. In his later years, Blades served as a superintendent of the poor.

## Personal life

Williams Blades had a son named Francis Asbury Blades, who also served as a preacher.

## Death

Blades died on March 14, 1877, in Flint.
# Andreas Bauer (boxer)

Andreas Bauer (born 16 November 1960) is a German boxer. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Monrudee Chapookam

Monrudee Chapookham (born 15 October 1982) is a road cyclist from Thailand. She participated at the 2007 UCI Road World Championships, 2009 UCI Road World Championships, 2010 UCI Road World Championships and 2011 UCI Road World Championships.
# Arthur G. Klein

Arthur George Klein (August 8, 1904 – February 20, 1968) was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician who served eight terms as a United States Representative from New York during the mid-20th century. He also served as a justice on the New York Supreme Court from 1957 to 1968.

## Biography

Arthur G. Klein was born in New York City on August 8, 1904. He attended public schools and Washington Square College of New York University at New York City. He graduated from the law department of New York University in 1926.

### Early career

He was admitted to the bar in 1927, and commenced practice in New York City. He was connected with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington, D.C., and New York City between 1935 and 1941.

### Congress

He was elected as a Democrat to the Seventy-seventh Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of M. Michael Edelstein. He was reelected to the Seventy-eighth Congress and served from July 29, 1941, to January 3, 1945. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1944, He was elected to the Seventy-ninth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Dickstein and then reelected in 1946 to the Eightieth and to the four succeeding United States Congresses and served from February 19, 1946, until his resignation December 31, 1956.

### New York Supreme Court

He was elected to the New York State Supreme Court for the term commencing January 1, 1957, and served until his death.

## Death

He died in New York City February 20, 1968, and is interred in Mount Moriah Cemetery in Fairview, Bergen County, New Jersey.
# Duke Otto Henry of Brunswick-Harburg

Duke Otto Henry of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Harburg (16 June 1555 in Harburg – 15 October 1591 in Brussels), was a member of House of Guelph and the heir apparent of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Harburg.

## Life

Otto Henry was the eldest son of the Duke Otto II of Brunswick-Harburg (1528–1603) from his first marriage with Margaret (1530–1559), the daughter of the Count John Henry of Schwarzburg-Leutenberg.
Otto Henry was educated under his father's strict supervision. He was taught science, but Otto II had strictly forbidden the instruction of fine arts. Otto Henry studied at the University of Strasbourg, and was a canon at Bremen for a while, but then chose a military career. In 1590, he led the cavalry of the Duke Alessandro Farnese in the Eighty Years' War and showed great courage in the battle of Ivry on 14 March 1590. He was seriously wounded in this battle.
Otto Henry died a year later, in Brussels in 1591 at the age of 36. Since he died before his father, he never inherited Harburg.

## Marriage and issue

Otto Henry married in 1588 with Marie d'Henin-Lietard (d. 1606), the daughter of Count Jean de Bossu, with whom he had a son. However, since this was a morganatic marriage, his son was not able to inherit Harburg.
* Charles (d. 1620), Governor of Beaumont in Luxembourg; married in 1618 with Marie Wouters, heiress of Terdeck and Dyck (d. 1619)
# Georgios Trontzos

Georgios Trontzos (alternate spelling: Giorgos) (Greek: Γιώργος Τρόντζος; ) is a retired Greek professional basketball player and basketball coach. At a height of 2.17 m (7'1 1⁄2"), he played at the center position. In honor of his great contributions to the club as a player, his number 6 jersey was retired by AEK Athens.

## College career

Trontzos played college basketball in the United States at Gonzaga University, with the Gonzaga Bulldogs. He was the second 7-footer in the school's history after Jean Claude Lefebvre, a 7'3" French native, who arrived at Gonzaga in the fall of 1957.

## Club career

Trontzos started playing basketball with HAN Thessaloniki (YMCA). He then moved to the Greek club AEK Athens. With AEK, he won 5 Greek League championships (1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1970).
He also helped lead the team to the final four of the FIBA European Champions Cup of the 1965–66 season, which was the first time that the EuroLeague ever used a final four system, thus helping to lead a Greek team to a final four in the EuroLeague for the first time ever. He also helped to lead AEK to the championship of the European-wide 2nd-tier level FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup of the 1967–68 season, which was the first European championship won by any Greek team. He scored 24 points in the tournament's final game.
He also played in the Greek Cup Final with AEK twice, in the years 1976 and 1978. He was a member of the FIBA European Selection team, in the years 1965 and 1967.

## National team career

Trontzos was also a member of the senior men's Greek national basketball team. In 136 caps played with Greece's senior men's team, he scored 1,543 points, for an average of 11.3 points per game. He played at the FIBA EuroBasket 1965, the FIBA EuroBasket 1967, the FIBA EuroBasket 1969, and the FIBA EuroBasket 1973. He also played at the FIBA Olympic Qualifying Tournaments of 1964 and 1968.
He also played at the Mediterranean Games in 1967 and 1971.

## Coaching career

Trontzos also coached AEK Athens, which he led to the final of the Greek Cup in 1980.
# Steve Southerland (Tennessee politician)

Steve Southerland (born March 8, 1955) is a Republican member of the Tennessee Senate representing the 9th district, which encompasses Cocke County, Greene County, Hamblen County, and part of Sevier County.

## Biography
### Early life

Steve Southerland was born on March 8, 1955. He attended Walters State Community College. He became a mortgage broker.

### Career

He was elected to the 103rd - 110th General Assemblies. He is Vice-Chair of the Senate Commerce, Labor and Agriculture Committee. He serves as a member of the Senate Transportation Committee, the Senate Environment, Conservation and Tourism Committee, the Senate Ethics Committee, and the Joint Fiscal Review Committee. He is currently the Senate Deputy Speaker, Republican Caucus Chaplain, and he has been appointed to the Financial Services Standing Committee of the National Conference on State Legislatures. In a March 2004 interview with The Tennessean, Steve Southerland stated that he is against abortion and he does not believe that civil unions and domestic partnerships should be allowed in Tennessee.
He is a member of the Morristown Area Chamber of Commerce, the Rotary Club and the National Rifle Association of America. He attends a Baptist church.

### Personal life

He is married to Cheri Southerland, and they have two daughters, Mattea and Mara. He is not related to former U. S. Representative Steve Southerland.
# Horia Toboc

Horia Toboc (born 7 February 1955) is a Romanian sprinter. He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# George Brownell

George Brownell (May 19, 1802 – August 15, 1879) was an American politician who served one term in the Michigan House of Representatives immediately after adoption of the state's first constitution.

## Biography

George Brownell was born in New Lisbon, New York, on May 19, 1802, the son of shoemaker John Brownell and Polly Crofoot. John Brownell's father had fought in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He was killed by the British, who also burned the family home in Danbury, Connecticut, sending John along with his twin brother Elijah and mother into hiding. John moved George and the rest of his family to a farm in East Bloomfield, New York, in 1814, and George spent summers working on the farm and went to school in the winter.
Brownell went to Detroit, Michigan, in 1824 and, finding property too expensive, purchased a property in Farmington Township, Michigan instead. He returned to New York to get married and moved his family to Michigan in 1825, when he built a cabin on the property in Farmington. His brother John followed him to Farmington the following year, and his father John Sr. the year after that. He served as a captain in the Oakland County Rifle Battalion during the Toledo War. He was a postmaster for many years and was appointed a justice of the peace in 1833. He held the post for over 40 years. Brownell was elected as a Democrat to the Michigan House of Representatives in 1835 and served through 1836. He served as an Oakland County commissioner from 1839 to 1840.
In 1856, he moved to Utica, Michigan, and was postmaster there from 1859 to 1861. He died in Utica on August 15, 1879.

### Family

Brownell married Clarissa Grant in East Bloomfield, New York, on January 23, 1825. They had five children: Charles Grant, Elijah Thomas, William, Elizabeth Mary, and Seymour. Clarissa Brownell died on September 17, 1855, while visiting her brother in Livonia, New York. Brownell remarried, to Mary Inman Odle, on November 28, 1859, and they had three more children: Willis G., Anna May, and Elizabeth Melissa.