OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William W. Upton

William W. Upton (July 11, 1817 – January 23, 1896) was an American jurist and politician. He served as Oregon’s 8th Chief Justice of the state’s highest court. William Upton served from 1867 until 1874 on the Oregon Supreme Court before appointment to a position with the United States Treasury in 1877. A native of New York, he was elected to the state legislatures in Michigan, California, and Oregon.

## Early life

Upton was born on July 11, 1817, in Victor, New York. There he attended Lima Academy. Later he moved to Michigan, where in 1840 he was admitted to that state’s bar. He also served in the Michigan State Legislature. Then in 1852 he moved to California. In California he was elected to the state legislature in 1856. Then in 1861 he was the district attorney for Sacramento County, California.

## Oregon

In 1865 William Upton immigrated north to Oregon. The following year he served in the Oregon House of Representatives as a Republican from Multnomah County. Then in December 1867, Upton was appointed to the Oregon Supreme Court by Oregon Governor George L. Woods to replace Erasmus D. Shattuck who had resigned. The next year Upton won a full six-year term that ended in 1874. While on the bench he was chief justice from 1872 until 1874. He also wrote a 17-page dissent in the legislative delegation case of Brown v. Fleischner, 4 Or 132, (1871), which would be overturned using Upton’s argument in Shattuck v. Kincaid, 31 Or. 379 (1897). Former justice Shattuck would then replace Upton on the court.

## Later life

Upon leaving the court, Upton was appointed to a position in the United States Treasury. President Rutherford B. Hayes made Upton the second comptroller of the Treasury in 1877. He kept that position until 1885 and then died on January 23, 1896, in Washington, D.C.
# Alon Bement

Alon Bement (1876–1954) was an American painter, arts administrator, author, and teacher. He served as the dean of Traphagen School of Fashion from 1946 until 1951.

## Early life and education

Alon Bement was born on August 15, 1876, in Ashfield, Massachusetts. His family was of French descendant, with a prior name of "Beaumont". His family help found the town of Deerfield, Massachusetts.
Bement graduated from Boston Museum School of Fine Art in 1898, and continued his studies first in Sweden then in Paris at Académie Julian and École des Beaux-Arts, studying under artists Leon Bonnat and Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant. In 1902, Bement returned to New York City as a tutor at City College of New York and eventually rising in the ranks to an instructor role. He was married to actress, Katherine Emmet in 1914.

## Career

From 1906 until 1919, he was a professor of Fine Arts at the Teachers College, Columbia University. At Columbia University, he worked closely with his colleague Arthur Wesley Dow. Bement was a painter of dazzle (also known as camouflage) and he proposed using dazzle in commercial cargo ships, to reduce loss during the recession of 1919–1920.
In 1920 until 1921, he was a director at Maryland Institute College of Art in Baltimore, Maryland.
In 1925, he became the director of the Art Centre, which was a federation of various art groups located 65 East Fifty Sixth Street in New York City. In 1932, the National Alliance of Art and Industry merged with the Art Centre however Bement continued in his role, eventually leaving in 1938. While at the National Alliance of Art and Industry, he directed a 1936 film We Are All Artists, created in partnership for the Harmon Foundation. The film illustrates the changes in design in the early 20th century through use of classic fine art composition theory.

## Late in life and death

From 1943 until 1945 during World War II, Bement moved to Concord, New Hampshire, and served as director of the League of New Hampshire Arts and Crafts, which had at the time 23 campuses across the state.
From 1946 until 1951, Bement moved back to New York City and served as the dean of the Traphagen School of Fashion, where he also taught classes in interior design. Bement additionally served as the director of the radio station WIXAL, Boston. Bement was a member of the Salmagundi Club in New York City, listed in 1907.
Bement died on November 22, 1954, in New York City. He taught many students over the years, most notably was Georgia O’Keeffe who also served as his teaching assistant.
# Madison Walthall

Madison Walthall Sr. (October 19, 1792 – June 15, 1848) was an American politician, civil servant, and soldier. He served in the United States Army during the Mexican–American War, and later held office in the California State Legislature.
Madison was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia to parents John Wathall and Catherine Madison. He had one child with his first wife, Mary Anne Wilson; and two children with his second wife, Elizabeth Frances Burfoot. Walthall had enslaved Edmond Edward Wysinger (c. 1816–1891), and brought him to California.
In the 1850s, he served as the tax collector at the Port of Stockton. Walthall died in Stockton, California.
# A. Van Leuven

Anson Lytle Van Leuven (October 16, 1829 – May 23, 1896) was an American politician who served as a member of the California State Assembly, representing California's 1st State Assembly district from 1863 to 1865. Before and after a brief stint in politics, Van Leuven was a successful orange producer in the San Bernardino area, with him planting the first orange groves in the area in 1853.

## Life and career

Van Leuven was born on October 16, 1829, in Camden, Ontario, Canada, moving with his family to Illinois and Missouri before arriving in San Bernardino, California, with his brother, Lewis, in 1853. With other members of their family arriving a year later, the family bought land and settled near Mill Creek Zanja. In 1857, Leuven bought orange seedling trees from William Wolfskill and started growing oranges. Because of the novelty surrounding oranges, he became a successful orange grower.
In 1860, Van Leuven became a sheriff of San Bernardino County and was the third to serve in that year, presiding over the various mining towns as well as the beginnings of the American Civil War. After two years, he became a U.S. Marshall and later a member of the California State Assembly. He retired in 1865 in order to focus on his orange trees. In December 1868, his home was burned down, so he built a two-story home in Redlands, now an apartment complex. He died in that home on May 23, 1896.
# Ross Milne (alpine skier)

Leslie Ross Milne (4 October 1944 – 25 January 1964) was an alpine ski racer from Australia.
Entered in the men's downhill at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Milne died of a head injury after he lost control during a training run at Patscherkofel and struck a tree at more than 60 miles per hour. Milne's death was the second fatality at the 1964 Winter Games. Three days prior, British luge racer Kazimierz Kay-Skrzypecki died from injuries sustained in a training run.
An inquiry held by the organising committee said that Milne "caught an edge". Hugh Weir reported to the Australian Olympic Federation that
    Because Ross Milne was only seventeen years of age, the question was raised at the [Innsbruck] IOC meeting as to whether inexperienced people were being sent to compete in ... snow sports which contain an element of danger.
Dr Blaxland said that he was wrong about his age (Milne was nineteen), and that the IOC was wrong to suggest he was inexperienced:
    In our view Ross Milne was an extremely competent skier. He had competed in Australian championships at least four years before, and we considered him to be an experienced skier. He had been in Europe before ... His fall was not due to lack of skill on his part
Manager John Wagner said that Milne had found the path 150 metres (500 ft) ahead of him obscured by contestants congregating because the top part of the downhill course was overcrowded, and tried to slow down "on a spot which was not prepared for stopping or swinging". He argued that the accident might have been prevented by stricter management of the downhill course, which had a hundred racers on it. He also said that "any of the top skiers would probably have been in difficulty in a similar situation."
Following Milne's death and a serious injury to Edmund Schaedler of Liechtenstein, some minor safety improvements were made to the downhill course prior to the race on 30 January.
Milne had learned to ski at Falls Creek ski area in the Australian Alps and had spent the previous winter of 1963 racing in Europe. He was buried in his home town of Myrtleford in Victoria, where his family farmed tobacco.
Milne's younger brother Malcolm (b. 1948) competed on the World Cup circuit and in the 1968 and 1972 Winter Olympics. The suggestion that racers from Australia and New Zealand should not compete on downhill courses gave him motivation to prove otherwise. He became the first non-European to win a men's World Cup downhill race in December 1969, held at Val-d'Isère, France. It was also the first World Cup podium by an alpine racer from the southern hemisphere.
# Nazar (given name)

Nazar is a masculine name with multiple origins.

## Christian use

As used by Christians, it means "from Nazareth," the town where Jesus Christ was said to have lived.
Among Muslims it may also be of Persian, Arabic, or Turkic origin, see article "nazar" for etymology.
Nazario is an Italian and Spanish version of the name, Nazaire is a French version and Nazarii is a Ukrainian and Nazaryi Russian form. Other variants in use include Naz, Nasareo, Nasarrio, Nazaret, Nazarie, Nazaro, Nazarene, Nazerine and Nazor.
In 2008, Nazar was the most popular name for boys born in Ukraine.

## People

* Saint Nazarius (Roman Martyrology) (died 303), saint of the Roman Catholic Church, mentioned in the Martyrology of Bede and earlier editions of the Roman Martyrology
* Saint Nazarius (Abbot), fourteenth abbot of the monastery of Lérins
* Saints Nazarius and Celsus, two martyrs of whom nothing is known except the discovery of their bodies by Saint Ambrose
* Nazar Al Baharna (born 1950), Bahraini academic, entrepreneur and politician
* Nazar Baýramow (born 1982), Turkmenistani footballer
* Nazar Mahmud (born 1988), Israeli-Druze figure skater
* Nazar Mohammad (1921–1996), Pakistani cricketer
* Nazar Mohamed Kassim, Singaporean convicted killer
* Nazario Escoto, acting President of "Democratic" Nicaragua after the death of Francisco Castellón during Granada-León civil war
* Nazario Sauro (1880–1916), Austrian-born Italian irredentist and sailor
* Nazario Toledo (1807-1887), Costa Rican politician
* John Paul Nazarius (1556-1645), Dominican theologian
* Nazariy Yaremchuk (1951–1995), Ukrainian singer
* Ruzi Nazar (1917-2015), CIA agent who was supposed to have Uzbek origin
* Nazar (comedian) (died 1992), Pakistani comedian, film actor
* Nazar (musician) (born 1993), Angolan electronic musician
* Nazar (rapper) (born 1984), Austrian rapper

## Fictional characters

* Zoya Nazar, fictional character in the Indian YRF Spy Universe, portrayed by Katrina Kaif
# José Luis Uribezubia

José Luis Uribezubia (born 21 August 1945) is a Spanish former racing cyclist. He rode in three editions of the Tour de France, as well as seven editions of the Vuelta a España and three of the Giro d'Italia.

## Major results
### 1967

    1st Overall Vuelta a Aragón
    1st Clásica a los Puertos de Guadarrama
    3rd GP Villafranca de Ordizia
    3rd Overall Gran Premio de la Bicicleta Eibarresa

### 1972

    6th Overall Tour of the Basque Country
    9th Overall Vuelta a Andalucía

### 1973

    9th Overall Tour of the Basque Country

### 1974

    6th Trofeo Masferrer
    8th Overall Vuelta a España
       1st Stage 11

### 1975

    1st GP Llodio
    7th Klasika Primavera

### 1976

    1st Overall Vuelta a los Valles Mineros
       1st Stage 2
    9th Overall Paris–Nice
# Jarvis Lord

Jarvis Lord (February 10, 1816, in Ballston, Saratoga County, New York – July 24, 1887, in Pittsford, Monroe County, New York), was an American politician from New York.

## Life

He was the son of Daniel Lord (1780–1818) and Clarissa (Seeley) Lord (1783–1867). He attended the common schools, and became a farmer. He married Eliza Ann Decker (1819–1854), and they had three children, among them Assemblyman George D. Lord. About 1842, he removed to a farm in Pittsford. He also became a contractor, engaging in canal construction, and was president of the Bank of Monroe of Rochester. On March 20, 1855, he married Zilpha M. Tibbets (1835–1911).
He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Monroe Co., 1st D.) in 1858. At the state elections in 1861 and 1864, he ran on the Democratic ticket for Canal Commissioner, but was defeated both times by Republican Franklin A. Alberger.
In 1872, Lord had a lake freighter named after him.
He was again a member of the State Assembly in 1867, and was the Democratic minority's candidate for Speaker. He was a member of the New York State Senate (28th D.) from 1870 to 1875, sitting in the 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th and 98th New York State Legislatures. In 1876–77, he was accused in connection with the Canal Ring frauds, and became a defendant in a series of trials.
He was buried at the Pittsford Cemetery.

## Sources

* The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough, Stephen C. Hutchins and Edgar Albert Werner (1870; pg. 444, 487 and 506)
* Life Sketches of Executive Officers, and Members of the Legislature of the State of New York, Vol. III by H. H. Boone & Theodore P. Cook (1870; pg. 96f)
* Lord genealogy at RootsWeb
* WAR ON THE CANAL RING in NYT on March 26, 1875
* THE TRIAL OF JARVIS LORD in NYT on December 6, 1876
# Mike Romano (politician)

Mike Romano is an American politician and former Democratic member of the West Virginia Senate, having representing the 12th district from 2014 to 2022. Prior to his election to the Senate, Romano was a county commissioner in Harrison County. In 2022, Romano retired from the Senate to run for Harrison County commissioner again, but was defeated by incumbent David Hinkle.

## Election results

2018: After running in the 2018 Democratic Primary unopposed, Romano faced small business owner Waymond Cork in the November general election. Romano beat Cork 55-45% to earn a second term.
West Virginia Senate District 12 (Position A) general election, 2018 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Mike Romano (incumbent) | 18,919 | 54.51% |
| | Republican | Waymond Cork II | 15,791 | 45.49% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 34,710 | 100.0% |
2014: Harrison County Commissioner Mike Romano challenged appointed-incumbent Senator Sam Cann in the May 13, 2014 Democratic Primary. Cann had been appointed by Governor Earl Ray Tomblin to the Senate seat in January 2013 after Joe Minard stepped down to become Senate clerk. Cann had served 18 years in the House of Delegates prior to the appointment. After beating Cann 56-44%, Romano beat former state Delegate Mike Queen in the November general election.
West Virginia Senate District 12 (Position A) general election, 2014 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Mike Romano | 14,036 | 49.99% |
| | Republican | Michael L. "Mike" Queen | 11,850 | 42.20% |
| | Libertarian | Patrick Shawn Smith | 2,192 | 7.81% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 28,078 | 100.0% |
West Virginia Senate District 12 (Position A) Democratic primary, 2014 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Mike Romano | 7,308 | 55.65% |
| | Democratic | Samuel J Cann (incumbent) | 5,823 | 44.35% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 13,131 | 100.0% |
# John McConnochie

John McConnochie (born 13 January 1954) is a New Zealand swimmer. He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was coached by Duncan Laing.
# Aegopinella lozekiana

Aegopinella lozekiana is an extinct species of small land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Gastrodontidae, the glass snails.

## Distribution

Fossils of this extinct species were found in early Pleistocene strata in Kielniki near Częstochowa, Katowice Province, Poland.
# Nir Malhi

Nir Malhi (Hebrew: ניר מלחי; born 1955 in kibbutz Hatzerim) is an Israeli martial arts teacher, founder of Cheng Ming Israel.
Malhi served in Shayetet 13, the Israeli naval commando unit. He began his study of Karate in an early age and after his army service he went abroad to study it further. He practiced Karate, Kendo and Tai Chi, and reached the high levels in all of them. In 1980 while living in Japan, Malhi became a student of Wang Fulai who in turn had been a student of Wang Shujin.
On returning to Israel, Malhi established Cheng Ming Israel (the Israeli Tai Chi Center). Today this school has hundreds of students and many branches all over Israel.
Malhi was diagnosed with severe cancer in 2002, likely as a result of diving in the polluted Kishon River during his military service. At the time, the doctors gave him only several months to live.
The movie As a Great River Flows follows Malhi through his unique journeys. The movie won the prize for best documentary in the Haifa International Film Festival in 2005.
In 2016 the book Martial Art: Conversations with Master Nir Malhi (by Omer Berkman) was published, consists of eight conversations with various people, among them Eli Cohen, Rony Kluger and Ami Ayalon.
# Kazimierz Zimny

Kazimierz Franciszek Zimny (4 June 1935 – 30 June 2022) was a Polish athlete, who competed mainly in the 5000 metres.
He competed for Poland in the 5000 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics held in Rome, Italy, where he won the bronze medal. He finished just a fraction of a second behind the German runner Hans Grodotzki, who was in fact born only a few miles away (in Pasłęk) from Zimny's hometown in Tczew, in northern Poland. As of 2024, Zimny remains the only Pole, male or female, to have won an Olympic medal in the 5000 meters.
# Francisco José Álvarez

Francisco José Álvarez (5 May 1908 – died before 1987) was a Mexican gymnast. He competed in three events at the 1932 Summer Olympics.
# Alfonso García (athlete)

Alfonso García (born 1906 in Mexico City - date of death unknown) was a Mexican sprinter who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Isaac García

Isaac García (born April 5, 1968) is a retired male long-distance runner from Mexico, who specialized in the marathon. He set his personal best (2:10:54) in the classic distance on April 25, 1995, when he got the third place in Rotterdam.
He represented Mexico in the marathon at the 2001 World Championships in Athletics and he finished in 55th place. He was more successful at regional level: he began with a 10,000 metres silver medal at the 1990 Central American and Caribbean Games and followed it up with another silver at the 1991 CAC Championships. The 1993 Central American and Caribbean Games proved to be the highlight of his career, as he won the 5000 metres gold medal for Mexico, as well as retaining the 10,000 m silver.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Mexico ||||||
| 1990 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Mexico City, Mexico | 2nd | 10,000 m | 30:05.63 |
| 1991 | Central American and Caribbean Championships | Xalapa, Mexico | 2nd | 10,000 m | 29:52.59 |
| 1992 | Ibero-American Championships | Seville, Spain | 8th | 5000m | 14:11.48 |
| 1993 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Ponce, Puerto Rico | 1st | 5000 m | 13:57.84 |
| 1993 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Ponce, Puerto Rico | 2nd | 10,000 m | 29:33.74 |
| 1998 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Maracaibo, Venezuela | 4th | 5000 m | 14:07.59 |
| 2000 | Ibero-American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 3rd | 10,000 m | 28:59.68 |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Canada | 55th | Marathon | 2:33:32 |
# Juan Arredondo

Juan Arredondo Chavez (10 November 1934 – 13 December 2022) was a Mexican tennis player.
Arredondo partnered with Vicente Zarazúa in doubles to win a gold medal at the 1962 Central American and Caribbean Games and a silver medal at the 1963 Pan American Games.
In Vancouver in 1963, Arredondo made his only Davis Cup appearance for Mexico, for a tie against Canada. He played in the reverse singles, a dead rubber which he lost to Keith Carpenter in five sets.
His son, Juan Carlos, competed on the professional tour and was a 2001 Universiade doubles champion.
# Luis Arredondo

Luis Arredondo (born 24 June 1952) is a Mexican judoka. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Chondroclast

A chondroclast is a multinucleated giant cell that participates in cartilage resorption. The cell is TRAP-positive (Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) and morphologically indistinguishable from the osteoclast. However, morphometric evaluation showed that chondroclasts do not form ruffled edges and clear zones, i.e., known resorption characteristics, to the same extent as osteoclasts, present at the lower metaphysis. Instead, chondroclasts tend to exhibit an undifferentiated surface adjacent to the matrix, which is structurally indistinguishable from the basolateral plasma membrane. The chondroclast/osteoclast originates from bone marrow stem cells. They arise from the fusion of monocytes.
Chondroclasts and osteoclasts are also transcriptionally distinct cell populations and exhibit discrete transcriptomic features. Molecular pathways are specific to chondroclasts and osteoclasts. Chondroclasts and osteoclasts have subsets of metabolic genes that are specific to chondroclasts. Protein-protein interaction network analysis shows an abundance of structured networks of metabolic pathways, ATP synthesis, and proteasome pathways in chondroclasts. Gene regulatory network analysis using the transcription factor target gene network predicts a pool of genes including ETV6, SIRT1, and ATF1 as chondroclast-specific gene signatures.
Direct contact of chondroclasts/osteoclasts with calcified cartilage may be crucial for normal endochondral ossification.
Resorption of unmineralised subchondral cartilage by chondroclasts and macrophages can be a feature of joint destruction in inflammatory and non-inflammatory arthropathies as well as inflammatory and neoplastic subchondral bone lesions.
| C. Cathepsin K IHC. Polynucleated chondroclasts (brown staining) attach to the cartilage scaffold (asterisks) and synthesize cathepsin K to degrade the type-II collagen network. | Differential gene analyses reveal discrete transcriptomic signature of chondroclasts and osteoclasts. | Network analysis reveals the abundance of structured networks of metabolic pathways, ATP synthesis, and proteasome pathways in chondroclasts. |
| | (e) necrotic chondrocytes (arrows), that is, osteochondrosis manifesta. There is also a chondroclast (arrowhead), presumably engaged in the removal of necrotic cartilage. (f) Adjacent to (e). Within the granulation tissue, there are osteoblasts (arrows) with osteoid, indicating repair by intramembranous ossification. |
# Ciro Chapa

Ciro Chapa (born 1901, date of death unknown) was a Mexican long-distance runner. He competed in the men's 5000 metres at the 1928 Summer Olympics.