OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ouranoupoli

Ouranoupoli (Greek: Ουρανούπολη, lit. 'Sky City', formerly Ouranopolis) is an ancient city and a modern village in Chalcidice, Greece. It is part of the municipality Aristotelis.

## Location

The village of Ouranoupoli is situated on the coastline in the northwest part (the very beginning) of the Athos peninsula, part of the bigger Chalkidiki peninsula. It is the last settlement before the border with the monastic state of Mount Athos (the Holy Mountain). The city of Thessaloniki is about 140 km from Ouranoupoli and approximately 140 km from the city of Kavala.

## History

The village was named after the nearby ancient city of Uranopolis that was founded by Cassander's brother Alexarchus in the late 4th century BC. and was later destroyed by an earthquake.
In the 1920s, many Greek refugees from Asia Minor (now Turkey) settled in the village and established rug manufacturing.
In 1926, the old Tower of Prosforion was leased from the monks of Vatopedi to Sydney and Joice Loch who were based there till their deaths in 1955 and 1982. The tower now houses the Christian Chalkidiki Exhibition.
In 1956, a road was built to the village along the old pilgrim route.

## Attractions

* The Byzantine Tower of Ouranoupoli (also known as Prosfori, or "The Offering") was built by Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos during the 13th century, who placed it under the jurisdiction of Vatopedi Monastery. However, in 1922, the Greek government confiscated the area from the monastery to accommodate Greek refugees from Turkey during the population exchange between Greece and Turkey. In 1928, Sydney Loch and his wife Joice NanKivell Loch moved into the tower, where they maintained a presence for decades as they used it as an important meeting place for both monks and laymen passing to and from Mount Athos. The Lochs also owned a carpet-weaving enterprise in Ouranoupoli, employing many locals.
* Zygou Monastery [bg], a former monastery that was abandoned in 1198 and occupied by the Crusaders during the beginning of the 1200s; hence it is also known as Frangokastro, or the "Castle of the Franks." The archaeological site can be visited by walking eastward along the coast from the town of Ouranoupoli up to around the Mount Athos border.
* Agios Nikolaos Church [bg] (Greek: Αγίου Νικολάου Oυρανούπολης), ruins of a Byzantine church that was occupied from the 11th to 14th centuries. The ruins are located in the middle of the peninsula by the Mount Athos border.

## Transportation

A single asphalt road connects Ouranoupoli with Thessaloniki. Ouranoupoli is served by several regular daily buses from the KTEL Chalkidiki bus station in the southern part of Thessaloniki city. There are regular daily ferries for male pilgrims to Mount Athos that take them from the main port of Ouranoupoli to Dafni, Mount Athos, but pilgrims must first obtain a diamonitirion from the Mount Athos Pilgrims' Bureau. During the summer, there are also cruises for tourists that take visitors on a sightseeing tour of the coast of Mount Athos. Women are allowed on the cruise, since the boats are not allowed to pass within 500 metres of the Mount Athos coastline.
# Yoshihisa

Yoshihisa is a masculine Japanese given name.

## Written forms

Yoshihisa can be written using many different combinations of kanji characters. Here are some examples:
* 義久, "justice, long time"
* 義尚, "justice, still"
* 吉久, "good luck, long time"
* 吉尚, "good luck, still"
* 善久, "virtuous, long time"
* 善尚, "virtuous, still"
* 芳久, "virtuous/fragrant, long time"
* 芳尚, "virtuous/fragrant, still"
* 良久, "good, long time"
* 良尚, "good, still"
* 喜久, "rejoice, long time"
* 慶久, "congratulate, long time"
* 嘉久, "excellent, long time"
The name can also be written in hiragana よしひさ or katakana ヨシヒサ.

## Notable people with the name

* Yoshihisa Amago (尼子 義久, 1540–1610), Japanese warlord
* Yoshihisa Ashikaga (足利 義尚, 1465–1489), Japanese shōgun
* Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa (北白川宮 能久親王, 1847–1895), Japanese prince and general
* Yoshihisa Shimazu (島津 義久, 1533–1611), Japanese daimyō
* Yoshihisa Furukawa (古川 禎久, born 1965), Japanese politician
* Yoshihisa Hirano (平野 義久, born 1971), Japanese composer
* Yoshihisa Kishimoto (岸本 良久, born 1961), Japanese video game developer
* Yoshihisa Taira (平 義久, 1937–2005), Japanese-born French composer
* Yoshihisa Hirano (baseball) (平野 佳寿, born 1984), Japanese baseball player
* Yoshihisa Inoue (井上 義久, born 1947), Japanese politician
* Yoshihisa Ishida (石田 義久, born 1944), Japanese shot putter and hammer thrower
* Yoshihisa Miyaji (宮地 由久, born 1973), Japanese weightlifter
* Yoshihisa Naruse (成瀬 善久, born 1985), Japanese baseball player
* Yoshihisa Yamamoto (scientist) (山本 喜久, born 1950), Japanese scientist and engineer
* Yoshihisa Yamamoto (wrestler) (山本 宜久, born 1970), Japanese mixed martial artist and professional wrestler
* Yoshihisa Yoshikawa (吉川 貴久, born 1936), Japanese sport shooter
# Rustai-ye Chahardeh Masum

Rustai-ye Chahardeh Masum (Persian: روستاي چهارده معصوم) is a village in Ekhtiarabad Rural District of the Central District of Kerman County, Kerman province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 428 in 107 households. The following census in 2011 counted 9,844 people in 2,621 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 9,954 people in 2,863 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Luis Daniel Hernández

Luis Daniel Hernández Alfaro (born 20 December 1977) is a Peruvian footballer. He currently plays for Inti Gas Deportes, as a left back.

## Club career

Hernández used to play for Universitario de Deportes, Sporting Cristal and Unión Huaral.

## International career

Hernández has made six appearances for the Peru national football team.

## Honours
### Club
#### Unión Huaral

* Peruvian Second Division: 2002
# Judy A. Holdener

Judy Holdener (née Newhauser) is an American mathematician and educator. She is a professor of mathematics at Kenyon College. She was born in 1965. Holdener's primary interest is in number theory. She discovered a simpler proof of the theorem of Touchard, which states that every perfect number is of the form 2k, 12k+1, or 36k+9.
Holdener earned her B.S. in mathematics at Kent State University and her M.S. and Ph.D. in mathematics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Holdener joined the faculty of Kenyon College in 1997, where she is currently the John B. McCoy Distinguished Teaching Chair.
The poem Euler's Daughter by award-winning South African poet Athol Williams is dedicated to Holdener in celebration of her love of mathematics and life.
# Theodor Weber (physician)

Theodor Weber (28 August 1829, Leipzig – 4 September 1914, Halle an der Saale) was a German physician. He was the son of physiologist Ernst Heinrich Weber (1795–1878).
He studied medicine at the Universities of Göttingen and Leipzig, earning his doctorate at the latter institution in 1854 with the thesis "De causis streptiuum in vasis sanguiferis oberservatum". The following year he received his habilitation, subsequently serving as a privat-docent of internal medicine at the University of Leipzig. From 1859 to 1861 he was an associate professor at Leipzig, afterwards relocating to the University of Halle, where he was a full professor of pathology and therapy from 1862 to 1899. At Halle, he was also director of the university medical clinic.
A number of his treatises in pathology and physiology were published in the "Archiv für physiologische Heilkunde" and "Verhandlungsberichte des Kongresses fur innere Medizin". He is credited for developing a specialized douche for nasal irrigation (Weber's douche).

## Writings

* Physikalische und physiologische Experimente über die Entstehung der Geräusche in den Blutgefässen, 1855 – Physical and physiological experiments on the origin of noises in the blood vessels.
* Ueber den Mangel des Tastsinnes an Theilen, die von der Haut entblösst sind – On the lack of touch sensation on body parts denuded of skin.
* Zur Theorie des Bronchial-Asthmas, 1873 – On the theory of bronchial asthma.
* Über die operative Therapie der Pleuritis, 1886 – On operative therapy of pleuritis.
# Toshitaka

Toshitaka is a masculine Japanese given name.

## Written forms

Toshitaka can be written using different combinations of kanji characters. Examples:
* 敏隆, "agile, noble"
* 敏孝, "agile, filial piety"
* 敏貴, "agile, precious"
* 敏高, "agile, tall"
* 俊隆, "talented, noble"
* 俊孝, "talented, filial piety"
* 俊貴, "talented, precious"
* 寿隆, "long life, noble"
* 寿孝, "long life, filial piety"
* 寿貴, "long life, precious"
* 寿喬, "long life, high"
* 利隆, "benefit, noble"
* 利孝, "benefit, filial piety"
* 年隆, "year, noble"
* 年貴, "year, precious"
The name can also be written in hiragana としたか or katakana トシタカ.

## Notable people with the name

* Toshitaka Ikeda (池田 利隆, 1584–1616), Japanese daimyō.
* Toshitaka Kimura (木村 敏隆, born 1963), Japanese rugby union player.
* Toshitaka Kajino (梶野 敏貴, born 1956), Japanese astronomer.
* Toshitaka Maeda (前田 利孝, 1594–1637), Japanese daimyō.
* Toshitaka Nanbu (南部 利敬, 1782–1820), Japanese daimyō.
* Toshitaka Shimizu (清水 敏孝, 1968–2003), Japanese voice actor.
* Toshitaka Tsurumi (鶴見 聡貴, born 1986), Japanese footballer.
# Stephen Matoc Dut

Stephen Matoc Dut (died 28 July 2011) was a South Sudanese politician. He was elected to the Lakes State Legislative Assembly as the SPLM candidate in the Maper constituency with 2,536 votes (83.61%).
He died on 28 July 2011 after falling unconscious at the Legislative Assembly in Rumbek two days earlier. He was 40 years old at the time.
# Antoni Sadlak

Antoni Nicholas Sadlak (June 13, 1908 – October 18, 1969) was a U.S. Representative from Connecticut.

## Biography

Born in Rockville, Connecticut, to a Polish immigrant family, Sadlak attended the parochial school. He graduated from George Sykes Manual Training and High School in 1926 and from the Georgetown University School of Law, Washington, D.C., in 1931. He served as special inspector for the Department of Justice from July 1941 to December 1942. He served as assistant secretary-treasurer of the Farmers' Production Credit Association, Hartford, Connecticut, from 1944 to 1946. He was secretary to former Representative Boleslaus Joseph Monkiewicz in 1939, 1940, 1943, and 1944. He served in the United States Naval Reserve in New Guinea, the Philippines, and China from March 1944 to April 1946. He was educational supervisor in the Connecticut Department of Education from July 1, 1946, to September 15, 1946.
Sadlak was elected as a Republican to the Eightieth and to the five succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1959). Sadlak voted in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1957. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1958. After his Congressional career, he served as regional assistant manager for the Veterans' Administration, Hartford, Connecticut, from March 30, 1959, to May 2, 1960. He engaged in lecturing and legislative consultation. In 1966, he was elected judge of probate for the Ellington-Vernon District and served until his death in Rockville on October 18, 1969. He was interred in St. Bernard's Cemetery.
# MV Katama

The MV Katama is a freight ferry boat operated by the Steamship Authority. The ship is named after the Katama region of Martha's Vineyard. The ship was built by Scully Bros Boat Builders at their Morgan City, Louisiana yard, completed in 1982, and initially named Pro Navigator before being acquired by the Steamship Authority in 1986. She is 215.8 feet (65.8 m) long, 52 feet (16 m) wide and has a speed of 13.5 knots (25.0 km/h). She was designed by Guarino & Cox as a platform supply vessel and is a sister ship to MV Gay Head.
# Niebla effusa

Niebla effusa is a fruticose lichen that grows on gravelly soil along the foggy Pacific Coast of Baja California from near Punta Colonet south to near Punta Rosarito. The epithet, effusa is in reference to the thallus spreading widely along the surface.

## Distinguishing features

Niebla effusa is recognized by the thallus divided into a tangled mat of irregularly cylindrical-prismatic branches without a central connection at base–to as much as 1 meter in diameter, weighing more than 1 kg—and by the ultimate parts of the primary branches becoming hooked, dilated, and fringed from which there are many erect branchlets. Black dot-like pycnidia are usually infrequent and scattered along the branch margins and cortical ridges. A key lichen substance is salazinic acid, which may be accompanied by an unknown, possibly scabrosin derivative. Triterpenes are absent as in all species in the depsidone species group.

## Taxonomic history

Niebla effusa was first recognized as a distinct species from a related species, Niebla josecuervoi, before it was described as a result of collecting lichen samples near Cerro Solo in northern Baja California for a biodiversity screening of lichens—in the search of new drugs by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Natural Products Branch to treat HIV. It was distinguished by its habit of growing on the ground in contrast to N. josecuervoi growing on a vertical face of a large bounder with Niebla eburnea and Vermilacinia procera. A sample of 68 grams of Niebla josecuervoi was submitted to the NCI on 8 February 1986, but not of N. effusa. based on its thalli with a holdfast.
Niebla effusa seems to have been recognized earlier as a terricolous species that forms extensive mats “on beach terrace deposits atop coastal bluffs south of El Rosario and beyond, often in densities great enough to color the landscape yellow-green," based on study of lichen communities further north around Bahía de San Quintín. However, the terricolous species around Bahía de San Quintín is largely N. arenaria, whereas further south N. effusa is common. These species were recognized as Niebla pulchribarbara, which the type reportedly contained protocetraric acid, a rare chemotype for the genus not found south of Bahía de San Quintín. Another terricolous species, containing sekikaic acid, occurred at Bahía de San Quintín, described as Niebla palmeri.
Niebla effusa is a characteristic lichen of the transition zone from the California Floristic Province to the Northern Vizcaíno Desert. The species has been included under a broader concept, Niebla josecuervoi, one that also includes Niebla pulchribarbara and many other species of Niebla
# Joghatai County

Joghatai County (Persian: شهرستان جغتای) is in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Joghatai.

## History

After the 2006 National Census, Joghatai District was separated from Sabzevar County in the establishment of Joghatai County, which was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with Joghatai as its capital and only city at the time.
After the 2016 census, the village of Rivadeh was elevated to the status of a city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2011 census, the county's population was 47,920 people in 13,181 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the county as 49,175 in 14,923 households.

### Administrative divisions

Joghatai County's population history and administrative structure over two consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
Joghatai County Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2011 | 2016 |
| Central District | 23,779 | 25,248 |
| Dasturan RD | 5,254 | 5,068 |
| Joghatai RD | 10,313 | 10,912 |
| Joghatai (city) | 8,212 | 9,268 |
| Helali District | 24,141 | 23,927 |
| Miyan Joveyn RD | 11,524 | 11,273 |
| Pain Joveyn RD | 12,617 | 12,654 |
| Rivadeh (city) | | |
| Total | 47,920 | 49,175 |
| RD = Rural District |||
# Joe Ajuwa

Joe Ajuwa (born 25 January 1983) is a rugby union player currently playing for London Welsh. Ajuwa was born in Lagos, Nigeria and moved to the UK with his family (which includes nine brothers and three sisters) in 1994. He first played rugby at school in Bath then played for English students while he was at university. His childhood rugby hero was Jonah Lomu. Brothers Daniel and Shadrack Ajuwa have played for Bristol RFC.
Described as being a strong and powerful winger, Ajuwa has had previously had spells with London Welsh RFC and Richmond RFC. During the 2009–2010 season, Ajuwa played 25 games for Llandovery scored an impressive 11 tries. He also broke into the Scarlets team that season, first appearing against Ulster in the Celtic League.
On 15 June 2010, Ajuwa signed a professional development contract with the Scarlets. Ajuwa was awarded his contract after being nominated as Principality Player of the Year by the Welsh Rugby Union for his performances with Llandovery RFC. Ajuwa said he was eager to get fully immersed into the senior Scarlets squad and looking forward to the challenge. He continued to add, He said: "I'm really pleased to be signed up with the Scarlets now full-time and just look forward to the challenge ahead and working hard in pre-season to get myself in great shape. I know I need to work on the finer points of my game and I'm looking forward to being part of the Scarlets squad next season.
"Although I had some time with them last season, I'm new to the Scarlets mix and have plenty to learn from the guys around me – from simple things like the game language and team culture to the technical dynamics within the Scarlets environment. It's a great set-up, a really good bunch of guys and there's a good atmosphere within the squad. I'm really looking forward to be part of that next season and I'm eager to impress so will be do all I can to learn quickly.
"I've been enjoying my time in this part of the world, the Scarlets have great supporters who are really passionate about their rugby and I've been made to feel really welcome."
Ajuwa is currently playing for English Championship side London Welsh. Joe Ajuwa is currently on a short-term loan to Rosslyn Park.
# Julián Acosta

Julio "Julian" Acosta (12 August 1916 – 30 August 1983) was a minor league baseball player who won 96 games as a pitcher, collected at least 749 hits as a batter and spent time at first base and in the outfield. He also spent several years pitching in Cuba and was a manager for a couple of seasons.
He began his career as a pitcher, moving to the field later on. In his first professional season, 1940, he went 13-10 with a 4.12 ERA in 38 games for the Goldsboro Goldbugs and Mayodan Millers. With the Goldbugs the next year, he went 17-17 with a 3.10 ERA in 40 games, leading the teams in wins, losses, appearances, innings pitched (276), hits allowed (273), runs (120) and earned runs (95). No other pitcher threw more than 177 innings or won more than 12 games (Jake Wade accomplished both).
After a mediocre 1942, Acosta had perhaps his best season as a pitcher in 1943, going a combined 20-9 with a 2.33 ERA in 39 games for the Richmond Colts and Milwaukee Brewers. In 270 innings of work, he allowed only 207 hits. Despite splitting the season between two teams, he managed to lead the Brewers in wins. He spent the next two years with the Brewers, going 13-10 with a 3.89 ERA and then 15-10 with a 3.44 ERA. Following his time with Milwaukee, he pitched three more average seasons.
For most of his career, he was not a high-average (he did not hit above .235 from 1944 to 1946) or power hitter (he eclipsed ten home runs only once), however in 1950, he hit a combined .328 with 63 doubles, five triples and 12 home runs for the Ballinger Cats and Del Rio Cowboys. Despite spending only 96 games with Ballinger, he led the team in doubles with 41, out-pacing the next closest batter (Walter Williams, who spent 105 games with the team) by 17. Previously, he had never hit more than 27 doubles in a season. In 1952, he hit .316 with the Decatur Commodores, smashing 29 doubles and leading the team.
Overall, in nine minor league seasons as a pitcher, he went 96-76 in 259 games. In 13 years as a batter, he had at least 2,782 at-bats and 749 hits, at least 175 of which were doubles, over 867 games.
He managed the Leesburg Dodgers for part of the 1949 season, replacing Jack Harrison and being replaced by Lou Haneles. In 1952, he led the Decatur Commodores to a 73-52 record, and eventually the league championship.

## Cuban statistics

| Year | Team | League | G | CG | W | L | Pct. |
| 1938-39 | Cienfuegos | Cuban | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.000 |
| 1941 | Cienfuegos | American Series | 20 | 3 | 6 | 4 | .600 |
| 1942 | Cienfuegos | American Series | 21 | 7 | 5 | 8 | .385 |
| 1943-44 | Cienfuegos | Cuban | 20 | 7 | 7 | 5 | .583 |
| 1944-45 | Marianao | Cuban | 20 | 2 | 2 | 8 | .200 |
| 1945-46 | Habana | Cuban | 18 | 5 | 4 | 3 | .571 |
| 1945-46 | Marianao | Cuban | 10 | 2 | 3 | 4 | .429 |
| 1946-47 | Matanzas | Cuban | 8 | -- | 4 | 3 | .571 |
| 1947-48 | Habana | Cuban | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .000 |
| Totals | | | 125 | -- | 32 | 35 | .478 |
# Karl Friedrich Burdach

Karl Friedrich Burdach (12 June 1776 – 16 July 1847) was a German physiologist. He was born in Leipzig and died in Königsberg. He was the first to use the word "biology" and was a pioneer of neuroanatomy.

## Life

Burdach came from a family of physicians in Leipzig. He graduated in medicine at Leipzig in 1800 and trained in Vienna; became professor of physiology in the University of Dorpat in 1811, and four years later took a similar position at the University of Königsberg. He was influenced into Natural Philosophy by Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775- 1854).
He provided in 1822 the name, due to the arching shape of its longest fibres, of the arcuate fasciculus, the term amygdala, and in 1800 the name "Biology" in the modern sense of the term. He used the word biology and morphology as footnotes in his book Propädeutik zum Studium der gesammten Heilkunde. Burdach was an advocate of vitalism. He believed in a life force that "created the whole world and produced each living thing."

## Legacy

Burdach's work on the anatomy of the brain and nervous system introduced a number of names. It was published in three volumes Vom Baue und Leben des Gehirns (1819-1826). The column of Burdach or fasciculus cuneatus, the lateral portion of the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord is named for him. He differentiated the caudate nucleus from the putamen and identified the globus pallidus and its inner and outer segments.

## Works

* Diatetik für Gesunde (1805)
* Enzyklopädie der Heilwissenschaft (three volumes, 1810–12)
* Vom Baue und Leben des Gehirns (three volumes, 1819, 1822, 1826), Leipzig, Dyk'schen Buchhandlung
* Neues Recepttaschenbuch für angehende Ärzte . 2., unveränd. Ausg. (1820) Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
* Die Physiologie als Erfahrungswissenschaft (1826–40)
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Catamarca

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Catamarca (Latin: Dioecesis Catamarcensis) is in Argentina and is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Salta. As of December 2007, its bishop is Luis Urbanč

## History

On 21 January 1910, Saint Pius X established the Diocese of Catamarca from the Diocese of Tucumán. It lost territory to the Territorial Prelature of Cafayate when it was created in 1969,.

## Ordinaries

* Bernabé Piedrabuena (1910–1923), appointed Bishop of Tucumán
* Inocencio Dávila y Matos (1927–1930)
* Vicente Peira (1932–1934)
* Carlos Francisco Hanlon, C.P. (1934–1959)
* Adolfo Servando Tortolo (1960–1962), appointed Archbishop of Paraná
* Alfonso Pedro Torres Farías, O.P. (1962–1988)
* Elmer Osmar Ramón Miani (1989–2007)
* Luis Urbanč (since 2007)

## Territorial losses

| Year | Along with | To form |
| 1969 | Archdiocese of Salta | Territorial Prelature of Cafayate |
# Layang-Layang, Johor

Layang-Layang is a town in Kluang District, Johor, Malaysia. It is situated within the parliamentary constituency of Simpang Renggam.
It is located approximately 72 km north of Johor Bahru and 32 km south of Kluang.
It was developed in the early 20th century and became one of the Chinese new villages during the military conflict between Malayan Communists and the Britain colonial government.

## Etymology

Layang-layang is the Malay word for "kite".

## Transportation

Layang-Layang is served by the Layang-Layang railway station.
1°49′N 103°29′E﻿ / ﻿1.817°N 103.483°E﻿ / 1.817; 103.483
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