OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles P. Bush

Charles P. Bush (March 18, 1809 – 1857) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan, and served as the state's 6th Lieutenant Governor from 1847 to 1848.

## Biography

Bush was born in Ithaca, New York.
Bush moved to Michigan in 1836, becoming one of the first residents of Handy.
He was elected as a Democrat to the Michigan House of Representatives in 1840 and served until 1843. In 1844, he was a Presidential elector for Michigan, voting for James K. Polk, who became U. S. President. In 1846, he was elected to the Michigan Senate and the following year served as president pro tempore of the State Senate. In 1847, when Governor Alpheus Felch resigned to serve in the U. S. Senate, Bush became the sixth lieutenant governor of Michigan serving under Governor William L. Greenly from March 4, 1847, to January 3, 1848. In 1847, he also cast the deciding vote to move the state capital from Detroit to Lansing.
Bush soon moved to Lansing and was elected to the state constitutional convention in 1850. Two years later he was a delegate to the 1852 Democratic National Convention, which nominated Franklin Pierce for U. S. President. In 1855 he was elected as state senator from Shiawassee and Ingham counties. He drafted the bill which abolished capital punishment in Michigan.
Bush was a successful business man with a 1,700-acre (6.9 km$^2$) farm in Livingston County was considered one of the best in the state. He was also considered an effective and forcible speaker.
He died in Lansing at approximately 47 years of age after suffering years of illness.
# László Békesi

László Békesi (born 31 May 1942) is a Hungarian politician, who served as Minister of Finance twice: between 1989-1990 and from 1994 to 1995.

## Biography
### Early life

He was an athlete when he was ten years old, he was member of the national youth team. He finished high-school studies in Cegléd. He could have got into the university without admission one, because he was honored on the OKTV educational competition. However the Eötvös Loránd University did not admit him. According to the institution Békesi's material conditions were not provided for his learning, because his father died early. However the real reason was that he derived from a religious family. Békesi became a breadwinner, he worked for parish councils of Albertirsa and Dánszentmiklós. Later he was put it on for the College of Finance and Accountancy's evening course later. His teacher was Lajos Faluvégi, who later became Minister of Finance and dealt with the economical reform.
From 1967 he worked as a chief accountant for the Council of Pest County in Budapest. He joined to the MSZMP in 1968 and he was appointed head of the financial department and later general deputy chairman of the Council of Pest County. He became economical vice president of the Capital Council of Budapest in 1975 and member of the Committee of Planning Board.
Békesi graduated at the Karl Marx University of Economic Sciences.
His speciality is the councils' farming from the collegiate years, later this was supplemented by the public finance and the questions of the fiscal systems.

### First ministerial term

His political and vocational career rose in parallel. He was appointed titular university professor in 1981, during that time also served as economic-political secretary of the party's Committee of Budapest. Until 1985 he was member of the Central Committee's economic panel. In 1984 he was also member of the Hungarian Olympic Committee, which decided about the boycott of the 1984 Summer Olympics (Los Angeles) at this time. The committee voted for the boycotting beside three abstentions and one "not" vote. Békesi was one of the three who abstained, and lost his secretary position in 1985 in a party disciplinary action. However István Hetényi supported him and made him his substitute. László Békesi was the Communist regime's last Minister of Finance between 10 May 1989 and 23 May 1990.
# William H. Withington

William Herbert Withington (February 1, 1835 – June 27, 1903) was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War.

## Biography

William H. Withington was born at Dorchester, Massachusetts on February 1, 1835. He moved to Michigan and became a farm implement manufacturer.
In May 1861, Withington enlisted as a captain of the 1st Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment (3 Months). He was wounded and captured at the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21, 1861. He was exchanged and mustered out of the volunteers on January 31, 1862. He was appointed colonel of the 17th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment on August 11, 1862. He resigned from the volunteers on March 31, 1863.
On December 3, 1867, President Andrew Johnson nominated Withington for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865, for his service at the Battle of South Mountain, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on February 14, 1868.
After the war, Withington founded the Withington and Cooley Manufacturing Company, a maker of agricultural implements, in Jackson, Michigan. Withington served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 1873 to 1874 representing the Jackson County 2nd district, and the Michigan State Senate from 1891 to 1892 representing the 6th district. He was a Republican.
On January 7, 1895, Withington was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions at the First Battle of Bull Run where he remained on the field and took command from his wounded superior officer, Orlando B. Willcox, until he too was wounded and eventually captured.
Withington was a companion of the Michigan Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.
William H. Withington died at Jackson, Michigan, June 27, 1903. He was buried at Mount Evergreen Cemetery, Jackson, Michigan.
# James Wheeler (American politician)

James Wheeler (March 21, 1793 – February 20, 1854) was an American politician who served in the Michigan House of Representatives immediately following adoption of the state's first constitution.

## Biography

James Wheeler was born in Saratoga County, New York, on March 21, 1793. He later lived in Wheeler, New York, a town which was named after his family.
In 1834, Wheeler settled and farmed in Tecumseh, Michigan. He was elected as a Democrat to the Michigan House of Representatives in 1835, and served as a justice from 1837 to 1841.
He died in Tecumseh on February 20, 1854.
# The History of a Book

The History of a Book is an 1873 novel by Annie Carey. The novel is an it-narrative following the experiences of a copy of The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. It was received favorably by the British literary press.

## Background and publication

The History of a Book was written by Annie Carey and published in 1873 by Cassell, Petter & Galpin in London. Carey was an author of the it-narrative, a genre of Victorian literature giving the stories of objects; she earlier wrote Autobiography of a Lump of Coal; A Grain of Salt; A Drop of Water; A Bit of Old Iron; and A Piece of Old Flint (1870).
Carey's novel follows a copy of The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe as it is being made. The New Book is left at an auction house, and the other books fail to respect him; once they learn that the New Book is Robinson Crusoe, they respect him and label him "Defoe Senior". In Carey's time, Robinson Crusoe was a mass market book, and her book compares mass literary production to classic literature.

## Reception

Writers for the Examiner praised the book, saying it was "attractive and instructive" in discussing the physical assembly of books and for its narrative technique. An article in Graphic recommended the novel for readers interested in the history of publishing and praised its historical view of the printing press "from the rude types of Gutenberg ... to the Walter or Marinoni machines". A review in the Sheffield Daily Telegraph recommended it for the "intelligent child" because the book satisfies "curiosity about one of the most lasting of pleasures – books".
# Eureka Pass

Eureka Pass is a mountain pass in the southern Princess Margaret Range of central Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada.
# Oman Olympic Committee

Oman Olympic Committee (Arabic: اللجنة الأولمبية العمانية, IOC code: OMA) is the National Olympic Committee representing Oman.
# Piper Pass

Piper Pass is a mountain pass in the United States Range, Nunavut, Canada.
# Tony Bua

Tony Bua (born February 11, 1980) is a former American football linebacker. His hometown is Liberty, Texas.

## College career

Bua had a distinguished college career as a linebacker/safety while playing at the University of Arkansas, and entered the draft with Mark Bloom as his agent. Although Bua was drafted as a linebacker, he mainly was used to play on special teams, primarily during punting situations.

## Professional career
### NFL

Bua was drafted in the 5th round of the 2004 NFL draft by the Miami Dolphins. During preseason workouts, Bua was praised by Dolphins head coach Dave Wannstedt for his work ethic and performance, and was stated to have a chance to make the roster. During the season, Bua missed a 4-week stretch in the early part of the season due to a hamstring injury, and then on Week 11 during a game with the Seattle Seahawks, he injured his quadriceps and was placed on the injured reserve. He played a total of seven regular season games for the Dolphins.
While Bua was moved to safety to begin the 2005 season, Dolphins waived him on September 4. He was then signed to the Dallas Cowboys's practice squad but was waived on October 19. He was then signed by the Cincinnati Bengals, but on August 20, 2006, he again was waived. Bua reportedly worked out with the Minnesota Vikings, but was never signed.

### CFL

Bua played four games for the Calgary Stampeders, but was released during the season.

### AAFL

Bua signed to play in the AAFL in its inaugural season, for Team Arkansas.
# Strand Fiord Pass

Strand Fiord Pass is a mountain pass on southern Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada.
# Julefeber

"Julefeber" (English: "Christmas Fever") is a song by Danish singer and songwriter Oh Land. Oh Land wrote the song with Jesper Mechlenburg, composer of the DR1 television series Julefeber (2020). It was written for usage within the series and was released in Denmark as a single on 13 November 2020 through Tusk or Tooth Records, before being released internationally three days later.

## Music video

The accompanying music video for "Julefeber" was released to DR1's official YouTube channel on 25 November 2020.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Julefeber" :
| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| Denmark (Tracklisten) | 19 |
| Denmark Airplay (Tracklisten) | 15 |

## Certifications

Certifications for "Julefeber" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Denmark (IFPI Danmark) | Gold | 45,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

Release dates and formats for "Julefeber" :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label | Ref. |
| Denmark | 13 November 2020 | Digital downloadstreaming | Tusk or Tooth | |
| Various | 16 November 2020 | Digital downloadstreaming | Self-released | |
# David Sandoval

David Sergio Sandoval Plaza (born 20 October 1952) is a Chilean politician who currently serves as a member of the Senate of his country.
# Scharten

Scharten is a municipality in the district of Eferding in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

## Geography

Scharten lies in the Hausruckviertel. About 11 percent of the municipality is forest and 75 percent farmland.
# Aaron Tran

Aaron Tran (born July 24, 1996) is an American short track speed skater. He competed in the 2018 Winter Olympics.
# Maurice A. Donahue

Maurice A. Donahue (September 21, 1918 – January 13, 1999) was an American politician who served as President of the Massachusetts Senate from 1964 to 1971.
Donahue was first elected to the Massachusetts Senate in 1950 after spending two years in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He became the Senate Majority Leader in 1958 and was elected Senate President in 1964. In the same year, and in conjunction with House Majority Whip Robert H. Quinn, Donahue introduced a corresponding bill in the Senate to establish the University of Massachusetts Boston. In 1970 he ran for Governor of Massachusetts, but lost the Democratic nomination to Boston Mayor Kevin H. White. He resigned from the Senate in 1971 to become Professor of Political Science and Director of the Institute for Governmental Services at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. In February 1989 the Institute was renamed in his honor and is now known as the UMass Donahue Institute.
He was a Knight of Columbus and a past grand knight of Holyoke Council number 90. Honoring Donahue is the Maurice A. Donohue Elementary School and the Maurice A. Donahue Building at Holyoke Community College both located in Holyoke, Massachusetts.
# Charles Gibbons

Charles Gibbons (born July 21, 1901 – February 2, 1968) was a U.S. politician who served as the Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1953 to 1955 as a Republican. As of 2024, he was the last Republican to serve as Speaker of the Massachusetts House.

## Early life

Gibbons was born on July 21, 1901, in a log cabin on his family's farm in Grider, Kentucky. His father was a Baptist minister. Gibbons attended Barboursville Baptist College with the intention on becoming a teacher. From 1919 to 1925 he served in the United States Navy. He later worked for the Postal Telegraph Company. In 1932 he started The Minute Man Messenger Service.

## Political career

In 1940, Gibbons was an unsuccessful candidate for the Stoneham, Massachusetts Board of Selectmen. He ran again the following year and was elected easily. In 1942 he was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives. Gibbons soon became a major figure in state Republican politics. In 1949 he was elected Republican floor leader and four years later was elected Speaker of the House. The Republicans lost control of the House in 1955 and Gibbons spent the next two years as Minority Leader. In 1956, Gibbons was the Republican nominee for lieutenant governor, but lost to Robert F. Murphy. After the election he was elected Chairman of the Massachusetts Republican State Committee. In 1958, following the death of the Republicans' only gubernatorial candidate, George Fingold, Gibbons ran for the party's nomination as a write-in candidate. He won the nomination, but lost the general election to incumbent Foster Furcolo 56%-43%.

## Commissioner of Administration and Finance

In 1961, Governor John A. Volpe appointed Gibbons to the position of Commissioner of Administration and Finance. After accepting the job he moved to Beacon Hill. In 1962 he was appointed Chairman of the State Government Center Commission.
On May 8, 1964, Gibbons was indicted on 23 counts of accepting bribes during his tenure as Commissioner of Administration and Finance. He was one of twenty-six people indicted by a special grand jury investigating corruption.
After over three and a half years without a trial, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ordered the Attorney General to start the trial by January 8, 1964. On January 8, Assistant Attorney General Richard E. Backman told Suffolk Superior Court Judge Felix Forte that the government was "unable to proceed" and Forte dismissed all of the charges against Gibbons.
Two days after the charges against him were dropped, Gibbons, who had been in ill health for some time, entered the hospital. He died on February 2, 1968.

## Later life and death

Gibbons spent his later years in Wiscasset, Maine.
# Kevin B. Harrington

Kevin Brian Harrington (January 9, 1929 – November 27, 2008) was a Massachusetts politician who served as President of the Massachusetts State Senate.

## Early life, education, and career

The first of six children, Harrington was born on January 9, 1929 in Salem, Massachusetts to Cornelius and Mary (née Whalen) Harrington. His family was Irish, coming from Donegal, and was politically prominent: two Harringtons served as Mayors of Salem, two more in the State Senate, two in the State House and one in Congress. Harrington graduated from St. Mary's Boys High School in Lynn, and attended Saint Louis University on a basketball scholarship. He taught government and history and coached basketball at Merrimack College.
He was a member of the Salem City Council during 1957–1959 and was elected to the State Senate in 1958. While in the senate, he helped to devise a gerrymander that helped Democrats to hold control of the previously-mostly Republican controlled institution. In 1965, he was chosen as Majority Floor Leader.
He became Senate President in 1971. One of his major decisions was to block the reinstatement of the death penalty in 1976. He was touted as a primary challenger to governor Mike Dukakis until he retired from the Senate in 1978 amid an investigation into a $2,000 illegal campaign check he allegedly cashed in 1970.

## Personal life

He married Kathleen Carney in 1955, and had two sons and three daughters. He was a Roman Catholic.
Harrington was a member of Saint Anselm College Board of Trustees and was instrumental in the creation of the New Hampshire Institute of Politics at the college. Because of his work at Saint Anselm College, The Kevin B. Harrington Student Ambassador Program is named in his legacy.
# Whites Butte

Whites Butte is a 4,860-foot (1,480 m) prominence adjacent the course of the Colorado River near the beginning of the Western Grand Canyon, (west terminus of the South Rim). The butte lies at the terminus of Travertine Canyon, the adjacent canyon west of Hermit Canyon. The Boucher Trail which begins at Upper Hermit Canyon, courses the east base of Whites Butte to reach the Tonto Trail-(west), on the Tonto Platform, south side of the Colorado River.

## Geology & Biology

The horizontal top of Whites Butte is a large platform of the cliff-forming Redwall Limestone, with vegetation growth. The east flank of the Redwall is slightly arcuate, and the prominence, upon the Redwall Limestone, is also arcuate, with a peak remainder of a pyramid-shaped, sloped Supai Group (4 of 4 geological units). The prominence is a minuscule cliff of Supai Group (unit 2), Manakacha Formation. Slope-forming slopes of Watahomigi Formation are below the high point of cliffs of Manachaka, which protect the slopes, and help form the pyramidal shape of the prominence.
# Edward Sirois

Edward Devlin Sirois (December 18, 1898 – February 18, 1968) was an American politician and Massachusetts National Guard officer who served as chairman of the Massachusetts Republican Party and was commander of the Yankee Division.

## Early life

Sirois was born on December 18, 1898, in Lawrence, Massachusetts. He graduated from Lawrence High School.

## Border War and World War I

Sirois joined the Massachusetts National Guard at the age of 17. In 1916 he was sent to the Mexican border during the Border War. During World War I he went to France with the 102nd Field Artillery Regiment. He took part in major engagements and was wounded. In 1919 he was promoted to lieutenant. His promotion required an act of Congress as he was only 20 years old (officers were supposed to be at least 21 years old).

## Political career

From 1921 to 1922, Sirois served as a service clerk for the city of Lawrence. In 1922 he was appointed manager of the United States Veterans' Bureau sub-district office in Lawrence. Following his father's death in 1924, Sirois took over his florist business. From 1935 to 1941, Sirois represented the 5th Essex District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. In 1937, he was a candidate in the Massachusetts's 7th congressional district special election to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William P. Connery Jr. Sirois upset C. F. Nelson Pratt in the Republican primary, but lost to Connery's brother, Lawrence J. Connery, in the general election. From 1940 to 1941, Sirois was chairman of the Massachusetts Republican Party. He served as Robert F. Bradford's campaign manager during the 1946 gubernatorial election.

## World War II

Sirois remained in the National Guard after World War I and went into service when President Franklin D. Roosevelt federalized Massachusetts' National Guard units. He began the war as the commander of one of the 26th Infantry Division's field artillery battalions. He spent the last two years of the war in the China Burma India Theater. He organized the Army's first tank-destroyer battalion and was awarded the Legion of Merit for his work at the General Staff School for Chinese officers. He was discharged in 1946 as a colonel.

## Later life and death

In September 1946, Sirois was promoted to brigadier general and placed in command of the Yankee Division's four artillery battalions. His appointment was made by Governor Maurice J. Tobin while Sirois was managing the campaign of Tobin's gubernatorial opponent, Robert F. Bradford. In 1951, Sirois assumed command of the Yankee Division following the retirement of William I. Rose. He was promoted to major general in 1952. Sirois retired in 1956.
Outside of the National Guard, Sirois was the executive vice president and treasurer of the Mutual Fire Insurance Association of New England until his retirement in 1959.
Sirois died on February 18, 1968, at Nashoba Community Hospital in Ayer, Massachusetts.
# Ryan Pivirotto

Ryan Pivirotto (born May 14, 1995) is an American short track speed skater.

## Career

Pivirotto won a bronze medal at the 2020 Four Continents Short Track Speed Skating Championships in the 5000 metre relay.
Pivirotto was named to the roster for the United States at the 2018 Winter Olympics, however, he did not compete in any events. He represented the United States at the 2022 Winter Olympics.
# Edna Telford

Edna Berenice Telford (born February 28, 1899) was an American Democratic politician from Plainville, Massachusetts. She represented the 9th Norfolk district in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1955 to 1960.
# Wolverine Peak (Alaska)

Wolverine Peak is a 4,491-foot (1,369 m) mountain summit located in the western Chugach Mountains, in Anchorage Municipality, in the U.S. state of Alaska. Wolverine Peak is situated in Chugach State Park, 10 mi (16 km) southeast of downtown Anchorage, and 2.6 mi (4 km) northwest of O'Malley Peak. It is a prominent mountain on the Anchorage skyline. This geographic feature was so-named in 1963 by members of the Mountaineering Club of Alaska who found wolverine tracks in the snow near the summit. The name was officially adopted in 1964 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. A popular hike on a five-mile trail leads to the summit with views of Mount Williwaw, Denali, Mount Foraker, Cook Inlet, and Anchorage.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Wolverine Peak is located in a subarctic climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains into Campbell Creek, which empties into Turnagain Arm.
# Biddle Air National Guard Base

Biddle Air National Guard Base (formerly Horsham Air Guard Station, 2011–2021) is owned by the Pennsylvania Air National Guard and located in Horsham Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. The Air National Guard plays host to many different Army National Guard Units as well as other government agencies. The site was formerly the Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Willow Grove. It was renamed in honor of Charles Biddle, the founder of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard's 103rd Observation Squadron (now, the 103rd Attack Squadron).

## Units

Biddle Air National Guard Base is home to the following:
* 111th Attack Wing
* Detachment 1, 201st RED HORSE Squadron
* 270th Engineering Installation Squadron
* 56th Stryker Brigade Combat Team
* 316th Sustainment Command (Expeditionary)
* 412th Engineer Command
* 3rd Medical Command
* 11th Aviation Command