OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fistball at the 2022 World Games

The fistball competition at the 2022 World Games took place in July 2022, in Birmingham in United States, at the Birmingham Southern College. Originally scheduled to take place in July 2021, the Games were rescheduled for July 2022 as a result of the 2020 Summer Olympics postponement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was the first time when women's tournament in fistball took place as part of the World Games.

## Qualification
### Men's tournament

| Mean of qualification | Dates | Host | Vacancies | Qualified |
| Host nation | — | — | 1 | United States |
| 2018 European Championship | 24–26 August 2018 | Adelmannsfelden | 1 | Germany |
| 2018 Pan American Championship | 12–14 October 2018 | Buenos Aires | 1 | Brazil |
| 2019 World Championship | 11–17 August 2019 | Winterthur | 5 | Austria Switzerland Italy Chile Argentina |

### Women's tournament

| Mean of qualification | Dates | Host | Vacancies | Qualified |
| Host nation | — | — | 1 | United States |
| 2018 World Championship | 24–28 July 2018 | Linz | 2 | Switzerland Austria |
| 2018 Pan American Championship | 12–14 October 2018 | Buenos Aires | 1 | Brazil |
| 2019 Oceania Championship | 25–26 May 2019 | Rangiora | 1 | New Zealand |
| 2019 European Championship | 18–20 July 2019 | Lázně Bohdaneč | 1 | Germany |

## Participating nations

* Argentina
* Austria
* Brazil
* Chile
* Germany
* Italy
* New Zealand
* Switzerland
* United States

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Germany | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Switzerland | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Brazil | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Totals (3 entries) | Totals (3 entries) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men details | Germany Tim Albrecht Philip Hofmann Rouven Kadgien Felix Klassen Philipp Kubler Fabian Sagstetter Ole Schachtsiek Jonas Schroter Patrick Thomas Nick Trinemeier | Switzerland Tim Egolf Joel Fehr Nicolas Fehr Luca Fluckiger Leon Heitz Silvan Jung Ueli Rebsamen Raphael Schlattinger Cedric Steinbauer Rico Strassmann | Brazil Gabriel Araujo Bruno Arnold Douglas Brados Gabriel Drumm Rafael Galvao Gabriel Heck Mateus Kuntzler Sergio Mueller Alexandre Passos Fernando Tedesco |
| Women details | Germany Anna-Lisa Aldinger Helle Grossmann Michaela Grzywatz Ida Hollmann Luca von Loh Sonja Pfrommer Henriette Schell Svenja Schröder Theresa Schröder Hinrike Seitz | Switzerland Tanja Bognar Jamie Bucher Noemi Egolf Fabienne Frischknecht Rahel Hess Adela Lang Sarina Mattle Sara Peterhans Seraina Schenker Mirjam Schlattinger | Brazil Cristiane Huaska Cecilia Jaques Melissa Knebel Giovanna Lucchin Isabella Lucchin Angela Melo Tatiane Schneider Rejane Sinhori Bianca Suffert Sabine Suffert |
# Athletics at the 1955 Summer International University Sports Week – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay

The women's 4 × 100 metres relay event at the 1955 International University Sports Week was held in San Sebastián on 14 August 1955.

## Results

| Nation | Athletes | Time |
| Italy | Angiolina Costantino, Giuseppina Leone, Luciana Cecchi, Milena Greppi | 49.0 |
| West Germany | Hilde Ostermann, Hilke Thymm, Ilse Schauwienhold, Ursula Schitteck | 49.5 |
| Great Britain | L. Barr, W. Bowden, Ann Cartwright, Mary Bridgeford | 50.5 |
# Gangs of Lagos (soundtrack)

Gangs of Lagos (Original Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album composed by Tolu Obanro for the 2023 Nigerian action-thriller film Gangs of Lagos, directed by Jade Osiberu. It was released on 7 April 2023, the same date as the film's theatrical release in Nigeria. the soundtrack features a diverse range of musical styles that reflect the cultural and emotional depth of the movie.

## Background

Tolu Obanro was announced as the composer for Gangs of Lagos, marking another collaboration with director Jade Osiberu, following his work on the score for Brotherhood (2022). Obanro began his career working in the oil and gas industry but eventually transitioned to music, pursuing his passion full-time. Initially, he worked as a music producer for gospel artists such as Mike Abdul, Kenny Kore, and Monique. Over time, he expanded his expertise to include music production and film scoring.
Obanro's first foray into film scoring came after working on several YouTube projects. His debut feature film score was for Your Excellency, followed by the critically acclaimed Netflix series King of Boys: The Return of the King in 2021. The soundtrack also features an additional song by Chike.

## Track listing
### Additional music

* "On Fire" – written and performed by Chike

## Release history

Release history and formats for Gangs of Lagos (Original Soundtrack) :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Editions(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| Various | 7 April 2023 | Digital downloadstreamingCD | Standard | Greoh Studios | |
# John Kenerson

John D. Kenerson (March 18, 1938 – December 6, 1995) was an American football defensive lineman who played in the National Football League (NFL), American Football League (AFL) and Canadian Football League (CFL) from 1960 to 1965. He played college football at Kentucky State.

## Early life and college

Kenerson attended Crane High School in Chicago, Illinois. He played college football for the Kentucky State Thorobreds of Kentucky State University.

## Professional career

Kenerson played in seven games for the NFL's Los Angeles Rams in 1960. He was released by the Rams in late August 1962. Shortly thereafter, he was signed by the San Francisco 49ers of the NFL. He was released by the 49ers on September 4, 1962. He played in one game for the NFL's Pittsburgh Steelers in 1962. He was released by the Steelers on September 27. He had earlier been added to the team's active roster on September 21. He later joined the taxi squad of the New York Titans of the AFL. He was promoted to the Titans' active roster in late October 1962. He played in eight games for the Titans in 1962.
Kenerson signed with the CFL's Ottawa Rough Riders on September 5, 1963, after having recently been released by the NFL's Chicago Bears. He played in nine games for the Rough Riders in 1963 and played in 13 games for the team in 1964. In July 1965, following the Rough Riders' final exhibition game, Kenerson was released by the team. He then signed with the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL on August 3, 1956 and played in four games for the team during the 1965 season. He was released by the Alouettes in late August 1965 due to poor play. He signed with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the CFL on August 31, 1965 and played in one game for the team that season.
# Sandhead

Sandhead is a small village in Dumfries and Galloway, south west Scotland. It overlooks Luce Bay, 7 miles south of Stranraer. The old main road, named "Main Street", runs through the village, but the A716 now bypasses it with a narrow and twisting carriageway. The village developed as a strip village with a smithy and a school by 1850, and the bay was used for landing lime and later coal.
The village school is situated above the village, and a little north of this is Balgreggan Motte which stands above the A716. The Motte was the first in a line of early castles along the eastern shore of the Rhins. The top was used by the Royal Observer Corps during the Second World War as a lookout point, but in earlier times the castle was made of wood and was inevitably burned to the ground by marauding forces. The village is located nearby to RAF West Freugh.
In 1902, the first wireless telegraph station was established between Sagar Island, India and Sandhead, UK.

## Images

* Sandhead Beach
* Sandhead Main Street
# Mike Tipping

Michael Tipping is an American writer, activist, and politician from Maine. A Democrat, Tipping serves in the Maine State Senate representing District 8. He grew up in Orono, Maine and attended Orono High School and Dalhousie University, working as a progressive activist on several statewide referendum questions and for an initiative to clean mercury pollution from the Penobscot River. Tipping announced his run for the Maine Senate in September 2021, and was elected in November of 2022 to his first term.

## Early life and career

Tipping Grew up in Orono and attended Asa Adams Elementary School, Orono Middle School and Orono High School. He then attended Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia. Tipping worked as a progressive activist for various causes in Maine, including a successful 2016 referendum to increase Maine's minimuim wage, a 2018 referendum to provide universal home care for Maine citizens over the age of 65, as well as an environmental initiative to clean up mercury pollution in the Penobscot River.
In 2014, Tipping published As Maine Went: Governor Paul LePage and the Tea Party Takeover of Maine about Maine Governor Paul LePage.

### Politics

Tipping announced in September 2021 that he would run for the Maine State Senate. He faced Democrat Abe Furth in the June 2022 primary, defeating him 62%-38%. In the November 2022 general election, Tipping defeated Republican Eric Rojo 53%-47%.

## Personal life

Tipping lives in Orono with his wife, Maggie, and their twin children. He works as a senior strategist for the Maine People's Alliance.

## Electoral history

2022 Maine Senate District 8 Democratic primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Mike Tipping | 1,354 | 62% |
| | Democratic | Abe Furth | 827 | 38% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 2,181 | 100% |
2022 Maine Senate District 8 general election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Mike Tipping | 8,317 | 53% |
| | Republican | Eric Rojo | 7,421 | 47% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 15,729 | 100% |
# Mark Farrell (comedian)

Mark Farrell (born 1966) is a Canadian comedian and writer, who honed his talent in the Yuk Yuk's comedy club in Halifax, Nova Scotia before moving to Toronto in 1989. In 1992, Farrell helped lead an exodus from the Yuk Yuk's chain, along with other prominent comics such as Brent Butt. After appearing in CBC's Comics! as well as CTV's Comedy Now!, as well as NBC's Friday Night Videos, he was cast in two Ken Finkleman series, Married Life and the first season of The Newsroom.
Eventually his writing skills were noted, and as he became a writer for award-winning This Hour Has 22 Minutes, eventually moving all the way up to Executive Producer, until he left the show in 2010. His work on 22 Minutes led to many other writing gigs, including another job as Supervising Producer for the first season of Corner Gas, a show for which he continued to write and helped develop.
He was an Executive Producer and writer for the show Seed, a show he co-developed with the show's creator, Joseph Raso. The program ran for 26 episodes in 2013-14.
# Twin Needles

Twin Needles are a pair of 7,936-foot (2,419-metre) and 7,840+ ft (2,390+ m) spires located in the remote and rugged Picket Range within North Cascades National Park in the state of Washington. The peaks are situated 0.55 mi (0.89 km) west of Mount Terror which is the nearest higher peak. The Mustard Glacier lies on the northern slope of the peaks, and Himmelhorn lies immediately west. The first ascent of Twin Needles was made on August 17, 1932, by William Degenhardt, James Martin, and Herb Strandberg. Twin Needles can be seen from the 100 meter Sterling Munro Trail located behind the park's Newhalem Visitor Center.

## Climate

Twin Needles is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach the North Cascades, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the North Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in high avalanche danger. Precipitation runoff from the peaks drains into tributaries of Skagit River.

## Geology

The North Cascades features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks, spires, ridges, and deep glacial valleys. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences.
The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.
During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris. The U-shaped cross section of the river valleys is a result of recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area.

## Gallery

* Picket Range from the Sterling Munro Trail overlook, with Twin Needles left of center
# Byron C. Ostby

Byron C. Ostby (August 17, 1924 – April 28, 2003) was elected a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly at the age of 24, while still in law school.

## Biography

Ostby was born on August 17, 1924, in Superior, Wisconsin, son of Brynjulf Ostby and Ingeborg C. (Lerann) Ostby. During World War II, he served with the United States Navy. Ostby then received his bachelor and law degrees from University of Wisconsin–Madison and then practiced law. He served as honorary consul for Norway and was executive of the Wisconsin Railroad Association. As Honorary Consul to Norway, he was knighted by the king of Norway for his service. His parents (Brynjulf and Ingeborg) were also knighted by King Haakon. He married Helen Wear September 8, 1951, and had three children, Helen Signe Ostby, David Joel Ostby, and Laurie Ostby Kehler. He died in Madison, Wisconsin.

## Political career

Ostby, a Republican, was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from Douglas County 1st District, 1949 to 1951.
# Gaius Scribonius Curio (son of Fulvia)

Gaius Scribonius Curio was the son of Gaius Scribonius Curio and Fulvia.

## Biography

Curio was born around 50 BC to Gaius Scribonius Curio and Fulvia. From his mother he had two older half-siblings, Claudia and Publius Claudius Pulcher. When his father died in 49 BC his mother remarried to Mark Antony; from him he gained two more half siblings, Marcus Antonius Antyllus and Iullus Antonius. Curio might also have had a paternal half-brother by the same name whom might have died young, since his possible brother's full name was reused for him. Reusing names from sons who had died was common in Rome during the Republic. In 40 BC his mother Fulvia also died, meaning that he was now likely under the custody of his step-father Mark Antony who remarried to Octavia the Younger, sister of the future emperor Augustus. The remainder of his childhood was likely spent either in Rome with Octavia or with Antony on travels throughout the Roman Provinces. When the War of Actium broke out, Curio sided with his step-father Mark Antony and his next wife Cleopatra over Octavia and Augustus. He and his half brother Antyllus (as well as Cleopatra's oldest son Caesarion) were executed after the Battle of Actium. Despite his father having been a fierce supporter of Augustus' adopted father Julius Caesar he was not shown mercy like some others were. Ronald Syme speculated that the young Curio might have been unwilling to beg for mercy due to being the son of a "loyal and spirited father", and that his mother Fulvia would have been proud of that.
# Daisy Hendley Gold

Daisy Mabel Hendley Gold (October 26, 1893 – April 7, 1975) was an American writer, poet, and journalist. She worked for the Statesville Record & Landmark and The Greenville Piedmont before becoming the managing editor of the Wilson Times in 1920. She later married John Daniel Gold, the editor and publisher of the Wilson Times. Gold authored a book of poetry, Tides of Life, in 1927 and a novel, It Was Forever, in 1940. She also wrote a history book titled A Town Named Wilson that was never published.

## Early life and education

Gold was born on October 26, 1893, in Iredell County, North Carolina. She was the daughter of Alvis Francis Hendley and his second wife, Celeste Rimmer Norris. She was of Scotch-Irish, French, and English descent. Gold attended local schools before studying at the North Carolina State Normal and Industrial College in Greensboro. She was enrolled at the Normal and Industrial College for three years, but did not graduate.

## Career

Gold began her journalism career working at the Statesville Record & Landmark and later worked for the Greenville Piedmont. She was invited to work as a foreign correspondent in Europe during World War I, but her parents dissuaded her from taking the post. In 1920 she became the managing editor of the Wilson Times. Gold worked at Wilson Times until 1947, writing feature stories about coastal and eastern North Carolina.
Gold authored a book of lyric poems called Tides of Life in 1927. In 1940 she published the book It Was Forever, a novel about a young married woman from coastal North Carolina who falls in love with a British sea captain. Prior to her death she was writing a history book on Wilson County titled A Town Named Wilson. The original typewritten manuscript of the unpublished history book is owned by the Wilson County Public Library. A Town Named Wilson has no mention of African-American citizens of the town except for a reference to slavery.

## Personal life

She married John Daniel Gold, editor and publisher of the Wilson Times and son of Pleasant Daniel Gold, on February 7, 1924. She was Gold's second wife, and became the stepmother of his three daughters. She and Gold had two children together, Celeste Gold and John Daniel Gold, Jr. Her husband was one of the wealthiest men in Wilson, and they lived in a Georgian Revival mansion on West Nash Street in Wilson. Her daughter married Robert Bain Broughton, the son of North Carolina Governor J. Melville Broughton and Alice Willson Broughton, and lived in the Broughton House in Raleigh.
Gold and her husband also owned a summer home in Morehead City, which they built in 1935. She was a member of the Presbyterian Church and was a registered Democrat. After her husband's death in 1954, Gold sold their house and built a Neo-Classical two-story home on West Nash Street.
She died on April 7, 1975, at a nursing home in Lillington. A prayer service was held by her family at the Mitchell Funeral Home in Raleigh. She was buried in Maplewood Cemetery in Wilson.
# Athletics at the 1957 World University Games – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay

The women's 4 × 100 metres relay event at the 1957 World University Games was held at the Stadium Charlety in Paris on 8 September 1957.

## Results

| Rank | Nation | Athletes | Time |
| | Soviet Union | Vera Krepkina, Nina Dyeonskaya, Mariya Itkina, Galina Popova | 46.4 |
| | West Germany | Christiane Voß, Inge Fuhrmann, Irene Brütting, Hilke Thymm | 47.4 |
| | Italy | Elisabetta Mattana, Giuseppina Leone, Franca Peggion, Anna Doro | 49.0 |
| 4 | Great Britain | Helen Mason, Jean Whitehead, Bonner, Margaret Francis | 51.1 |
# Dale Hawkins (politician)

Dale Hawkins is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the 2B district of the Idaho House of Representatives.
# Jurgen Gothe

Jurgen Gothe (April 4, 1944 – April 9, 2015) was a German-born Canadian radio broadcaster and print columnist. For 23 years, from 1985 to 2008, he was host of the national classical music program DiscDrive, which aired across Canada on CBC Radio 2.

## Life and career

Gothe was born in Berlin, Germany, where he was a child actor for Rundfunk im amerikanischen Sektor before his family moved to Canada in 1954. They settled in Medicine Hat, Alberta, where his father was a baker. He dropped out of high school after Grade 10, and joined local radio station CHAT at age 15 as an advertising copywriter, later moving to an on-air role as host of a jazz show and writing for sister CBC television affiliate station CHAT-TV.
Moving to Vancouver, British Columbia in the mid-1960s, he worked for an advertising agency and for CHQM-FM before rejoining the CBC, this time in radio. He briefly hosted a weekend classical music program in 1984 before becoming host of DiscDrive in 1985.
After DiscDrive was cancelled in 2008 as part of a format shift at Radio 2, Gothe continued with the CBC for one more year as host of the weekend classical music program Farrago until leaving the CBC in 2009.
Throughout his radio career, Gothe was also a contributor of wine and food writing to various publications, a judge at wine and culinary competitions both in Canada and internationally, and ran his own corporate public relations company, Quincy Gothe. Quincy, his nominal partner in the firm, was his pet cat. He wrote the "Uncorked" wine column for The Georgia Straight from 1997 to 2014. He announced his retirement as a columnist for The Georgia Straight in August 2014.

## Personal life

He was married to photographer Kate Williams and they had one daughter Colette. They lived on Mayne Island until his deteriorating health forced him to enter a special care facility in Vancouver. Gothe was known as a bon vivant. When she announced his death on April 10, his wife noted that he died during happy hour.
# Mikhail Lidov

Mikhail Lvovich Lidov (Russian: Михаи́л Льво́вич Ли́дов, 4 October 1926 – 30 December 1993) was a Soviet and Russian astronomer specialising in celestial mechanics. He is best known for discovering, simultaneously with Yoshihide Kozai, the Lidov–Kozai mechanism.
In 1960, he was awarded the Lenin Prize for his contributions to the Soviet space program.
The asteroid 4236 Lidov, discovered by Nikolai Chernykh in 1979, was named in his honour. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 September 1993 (M.P.C. 22501).
# Joseph Arthur Padway

Joseph Arthur Padway (July 25, 1891 – October 9, 1947) was an American labor lawyer and politician.

## Biography

Born in Leeds, England on July 25, 1891, but went to Milwaukee in 1905. Admitted to the State Bar of Wisconsin in 1912. He was appointed legal counsel for the Wisconsin State Federation of Labor three years later. He married Lydia Paetow on March 9, 1912. He was elected to the Wisconsin State Senate on the Socialist Party of America ticket and served in the 1925 session of the Wisconsin State Legislature. Padway was twice appointed to the Milwaukee civil court bench (1924, 1926). After 1927 he was associated with the Progressive Republicans in Wisconsin.
Padway played a major role in shaping Wisconsin labor legislation between 1915 and 1935. Upon his appointment as the first general counsel of the American Federation of Labor, he moved to Washington where he served until his death. In this capacity, he successfully defended the constitutionality of the National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) before the United States Supreme Court. He died in San Francisco, California on October 9, 1947.