OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Center of Resistance

The Center of Resistance (CRes) is a physical term in orthodontics, referring to a point within the root corresponding to the center of mass of a free body, enabling the analysis of tooth movements and the vectors acting upon them. Unlike a free body, a tooth is naturally restrained by the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament (PDL), whose turnover, significantly during orthodontic treatment, changes its physical properties, making the exact CRes location elusive, preventing a single force vector applied to the tooth from developing translation movement. Therefore, when a force vector or a couple is applied to a tooth, the only movement that can be developed is rotation around the tooth's CRes.
The first to define this point and locate it in the root was Dr. Gilbert D. Fish in 1917. Since then, the CRes, for unknown reasons, have remained in all appliances, fixed or removable, for tooth movement physical-related analyses at the same position in the root.
Bonding fixed orthodontic appliances on the teeth significantly increases tooth restraint from the crown's side, altering the teeth' physical properties by shifting the CRes toward the crown. This artificial restraint affects the ways forces influence tooth movement; for example, a tipping vector or a couple applied when the CRes is at the crown will cause the apex to move much more than the crown tip, resulting in what is defined as orthodontic torque movement. If similar forces are applied when the CRes is at the root, the apex and the crown tip will move almost evenly in opposite directions, resulting in orthodontic tipping. The combination of movements, first around the natural root's CRes and then around the bracket's center, enables orthodontic translational movement, often referred to as Walking. This movement can only be achieved with fixed appliances; removable appliances, including clear aligners, cannot produce such movement since its only restraint is natural.
The concepts related to natural biological restraint and artificial restraint, as well as information about their properties concerning orthodontic treatment, such as the ability to move the CRes of a tooth from the root to the crown and vice versa, controlling the CRes location, enables the movement of teeth, alone or in combination with others, in all directions, were 'developed' by Dr. Naphtali Brezniak and Dr. Noam Portter in 2024.
# The Mad Gardener's Song

"The Mad Gardener's Song" is a poem by Lewis Carroll that appears in his book Sylvie and Bruno (1889, 1893).

## Structure

The poem consists of nine stanzas, each of six lines. Each stanza contains alternating lines of iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter, with the trimetric lines rhyming with each other. Each verse is scattered around the novel Sylvie and Bruno, with eight verses in the first volume and one in the second, Sylvie and Bruno Concluded.

## Text

   He thought he saw an Elephant,
   That practised on a fife:
   He looked again, and found it was
   A letter from his wife.
   "At length I realise," he said,
   "The bitterness of Life!"
   He thought he saw a Buffalo
   Upon the chimney-piece: He looked again, and found it was His Sister's Husband's Niece. "Unless you leave this house," he said,
   "I'll send for the Police!"
   He thought he saw a Rattlesnake
   That questioned him in Greek:
   He looked again, and found it was
   The Middle of Next Week.
   "The one thing I regret," he said,
   "Is that it cannot speak!"
   He thought he saw a Banker's Clerk
   Descending from the bus: He looked again, and found it was
   A Hippopotamus. "If this should stay to dine," he said,
   "There won't be much for us!"
   He thought he saw a Kangaroo That worked a coffee-mill: He looked again, and found it was
   A Vegetable-Pill. "Were I to swallow this," he said,
   "I should be very ill!"
   He thought he saw a Coach-and-Four
   That stood beside his bed:
   He looked again, and found it was
   A Bear without a Head. "Poor thing," he said, "poor silly thing!
   It's waiting to be fed!"
   He thought he saw an Albatross That fluttered round the lamp:
   He looked again, and found it was
   A Penny-Postage-Stamp. "You'd best be getting home," he said:
   "The nights are very damp!"
   He thought he saw a Garden-Door
   That opened with a key:
   He looked again, and found it was
   A double Rule of Three:
   "And all its mystery," he said,
   "Is clear as day to me!"
   He thought he saw an Argument
   That proved he was the Pope He looked again, and found it was
   A Bar of Mottled Soap.
   "A fact so dread," he faintly said,
   "Extinguishes all hope!"

## Reception

In his Bright Dreams Journal, Gary R. Hess called the poem "the only bright part of the book."
In The Aesthetics of Children's Poetry: A Study of Children's Verse in English, Katherine Wakely-Mulroney described the poem as "an incantatory, cyclical poem which reflects and even prefigures aspects of the prose narrative."

## Adaptations

"The Mad Gardener's Song" featured on the BBC show Play School in 1981.
Composer Stuart Findlay set "The Mad Gardener's Song" to viola, clarinet and piano in 1994.
# Walerian Kisieliński

Walerian Kisieliński (1 March 1907 – 19 February 1988) was a Polish footballer who played as a forward. He was capped seven times for the Poland national team between 1931 and 1937, scoring 2 goals. He was also part of Poland's squad for the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Kisieliński played in several teams, after starting his career in Soła Oświęcim, he moved among others to Fablok Chrzanów (1926–1930), then Wisła Kraków (1930–1932), Cracovia (1932–1935) finally to settle in Warsaw, to play for Polonia Warsaw (1936–1939, 1945). He was twice champion of Poland with Wisła Kraków (1927 and 1928), and was the top scorer of the Polish top tier in 1931.

## Honours

Wisła Kraków
* Ekstraklasa: 1927, 1928
Individual
* Ekstraklasa top scorer: 1931
# Eric McCutchan

Eric Oswald McCutchan OBE (1913 – 22 November 1991) was a leading Australian rules football administrator in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Beginning his administrative career with the VFL in 1932, McCutchan gave 44 years service to the league. From 1945 to 1955 he was Assistant Secretary of the VFL, and from 1956 he was Secretary, a position he held until 1965. He was administrative director from 1966 to 1976.
He played a major role in the development of Waverley Park. He presented the premiership Cup to Hawthorn after the 1991 Grand Final – the only Grand Final played at Waverley.
McCutchan was inducted to the Australian Football Hall of Fame in 1996. He was educated at Wesley College, Melbourne. He was awarded the Order of the British Empire in December 1976 for services to sports administration.
# Robert J. T. White

Robert J. T. White served as Secretary of State of Arkansas from 1864-1871. His former home in Little Rock, Arkansas, the White-Baucum House, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. He was a Republican. He reported on improvements at the Arkansas Capitol building in 1866 after the American Civil War. He served as provisional Arkansas Secretary of State in Arkansas from January 24 - April 19, 1864 and also served as a clerk of the federal court in Little Rock in 1864 and 1865.
Powell Clayton was governor during White's term as Arkansas Secretary of State. White was succeeded as Arkansas Secretary of State by J. M. Johnson who had been Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas.
# Canadian Association for Photographic Art

The Canadian Association for Photographic Art (CAPA) is an organization of regional and other camera clubs, as well as individuals, in Canada and around the world. It was established in 1998 as a result of the merger of the National Association of Photographic Arts (NAPA) and the Colour Photographic Association of Canada (CPAC). Its major interest is to serve Canadian photographers. The association aims "to promote the art and science of photography in all its forms throughout Canada and the world". It is headquartered in Salmon Arm, British Columbia.

## History

The Colour Photographic Association of Canada (CPAC) was formed in May 1947 in Toronto. CPAC grew to sponsor conventions on colour photogrpaphy beginning in 1953.
In 1967, the desire to promote all aspects of photography, including black and white imagery, was beyond the scope and interests of CPAC. This led to the formation of the National Association for Photographic Art (NAPA) in December 1967. NAPA sponsored conferences, exhibitions, and competitions.
In 1996, the boards of NAPA and CPAC agreed that a single organization would better serve the needs of Canadian photographers and photographic clubs. The two clubs worked together to merge, and established the Canadian Association for Photographic Art in 1998.

## Canadian Camera

NAPA began publishing Camera Canada. It later evolved into Fotoflash Journal, and finally became Canadian Camera, published quarterly.

## Regional organization

CAPA is organized into five regional zones:

### Atlantic Zone

    comprising 4 provinces: New Brunswick, Newfoundland & Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island.

### Quebec Zone

    comprising 4 districts: Montreal, Montérégie, Laurentides, and Capitale-Nationale (Chaudière-Appalaches).

### Ontario Zone

    comprising 10 districts: Southwestern Ontario – Area 1, Southwestern Ontario – Area 2, Niagara Region, Toronto, Belleville – Bancroft, Kingston Region, Northwestern Ontario, Eastern Ontario Region, "The Sault" Region, and Western Ontario Region.

### Prairie Zone

    comprising 4 provinces: Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the Northwest Territories.

### Pacific Zone

    comprising British Columbia and Yukon.
# Jenkin Jones (pastor)

Jenkin Jones (1700?–1742), was a Welsh Arminian pastor and writer.

## Biography

Jenkin Jones was born about 1700, was son of John Jenkins of Bryngranod, Llanwenog, Cardiganshire, and according to a custom common until lately in the principality, adopted his father's Christian name as his own surname. The father, who is said to have been a blacksmith by trade, owned some land, and when he died, 18 March 1759, he left among other legacies one of £100 to endow Llwynrhydowen, the chapel founded by his son.
Jones in 1721 entered the Presbyterian College, Carmarthen, then under Thomas Perrot, a president whose own orthodoxy was unquestioned, but many of whose pupils subsequently drifted into heterodoxy. In 1723 Jones translated into Welsh and saw through the press Matthew Mead's Almost Christian tried and cast, which was published at Carmarthen in 1723. William Spurrell, in his History of Carmarthen, erroneously describes it as the first book printed there.
On leaving college, Jones seems to have become co-pastor with James Lewis of the congregation at Pantycreuddin, Llandysul, Cardiganshire. His views soon inclined to Arminianism, and although his following was large, the majority of the congregation opposed his teaching. He therefore resigned his co-pastorate, and founded in 1726 Llwynrhydowen, the first Arminian church in the principality, and the first church established in the interests of free religious thought. For some years he was the only public advocate of Arminianism in Wales, though many of the younger ministers and Carmarthen students were probably in secret sympathy with him.
In Whit week 1729 the spread of Arminian views was the subject of serious discussion at a meeting of the associated ministers at Llangloffan in Pembrokeshire, when it was resolved that certain works should be published "to counteract the Arminian doctrines which were then beginning to disturb the churches." Towards the close of the year an anonymous pamphlet appeared professing to give from the Arminian point of view a "Correct Account of Original Sin." It was attributed to Jones, but no copy is now known to be extant. It evoked numerous replies, among them one by Jones's old pastor, James Lewis, in conjunction with the Rev. Christmas Samuel, with the title, The most Correct Account of Original Sin, 1730.
Jones's congregation increased, and six or seven influential ministers, together with their congregations, adopted his opinions. He died in 1742, in the mid-day of life, according to his elegy, and was buried on 4 June in the parish churchyard at Llandysul. He married a daughter of David Thomas of Pant-y-defaid, Cardiganshire.

## Works

Jones published, besides the works mentioned:
* Dydd y Farn Fawr (i.e. The Day of Great Judgment), translation of a work by the Rev. Thomas Vincent, M.A., Carmarthen, 1727.
* Catecismau; preface dated 2 August 1732.
* Hymnau Cymmwys i Addoliad Duw, ynghyd a'i Farwnad [elegy] gan Evan Thomas Rees, Carmarthen, 1768; edited by his son-in-law and successor in the ministry, David Lloyd.
Other works are attributed without authority to Jones in Rowlands's Cambrian Bibliography.
# Physoschistura chulabhornae

Physoschistura chulabhornae is a species of loach, a freshwater fish in the family Nemacheilidae. It was described in 2013 from the Chaophraya River drainage of the Chiangmai province of Thailand.
# Wawrzyniec Cyl

Wawrzyniec Cyl (2 July 1900 – 7 February 1974) was a Polish footballer who played as a striker or defender. He spent the entirety of his career playing for ŁKS Łódź.
He made four appearances for the Poland national team from 1923 to 1925, and represented Poland at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Amy Smith (footballer)

Amy Smith (born 10 November 1998) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the North Melbourne Football Club in the AFL Women's competition (AFLW). Smith was drafted by North Melbourne with the 55th pick overall in the 2020 AFL Women's draft. She was the first father–daughter selection for the club, being the daughter of Shaun Smith who played 47 games for the men's team.
Prior to being drafted, Smith played with Williamstown in the VFL Women's competition and with Aberfeldie in the Essendon District Football League (EDFL).
# Crease Range

The Crease Range is a small, low mountain range in northern western British Columbia, Canada, located on north-central Graham Island of Haida Gwaii, between Lan and Adam Lakes. It has an area of 79 km$^2$ and consists of hills. It is a subrange of the Queen Charlotte Mountains which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.
# Pilgrim (MØ song)

"Pilgrim" is a song by Danish singer-songwriter MØ. The song was released as a digital download in Denmark on 15 March 2013 through Chess Club and RCA Victor as the second single from her debut studio album No Mythologies to Follow (2014). A 7" vinyl single of the song was released on February 25, 2013 by Neon Gold Records. The song was featured as a score in the Italian version of an advertisement for Armani's fragrance Acqua di Gioia. The song has peaked at number 11 on the Danish Singles Chart.

## MSMR Remix

The official video for the MS MR remix of the song was directed by Esben Weile Kjær. MØ has performed the song live several times. Performances include Glastonbury Festival, for Vogue, at P3 Guld Denmark 2013, and for PerezHilton.com.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Pilgrim" :
| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| Denmark (Tracklisten) | 11 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Denmark (IFPI Danmark) | Platinum | 1,800,000$^†$ |
| $^†$ Streaming-only figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| United Kingdom | 25 February 2013 | 7" vinyl | Neon Gold Records | |
| Denmark | 15 March 2013 | Digital download | Chess ClubRCA Victor | |
# Ghania Ayadi

Ghania Djemaâ Ayadi (Arabic: غانية جمعة عيادي; born 7 September 2003) is an Algerian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Championnat Elite club CF Akbou and the Algeria national team.

## Club career

Ayadi began her football career with ES Maghnia, where she played for three years before moving to CF Akbou during the 2021 season.
On 24 August 2023, She signed with Jordanian Etihad Club for the 2023 Jordanian-Saudi Women's Clubs Championship in Amman. Where she won the championship.

## International career

Ayadi is a former youth international having played at under-17 and under-20 level. She was part of Algeria's squad for the 2019 African Games. She was also called up for the 2019 UNAF U-20 Women's Tournament in Tanger. and the 2023 UNAF U-20 Women's Tournament in Le Kram. At just 16 years old, she made the squad for the 2019 UNAF U-21 Women's Tournament with the under-21 team. She scored the opening goal against Tanzania in a 3–0 victory, securing the title for Algeria.
In February 2023, She got her first call-up to the senior team to participate in a training camp in Sidi Moussa. She played two practice matches against local ASE Alger Centre, scoring in both games against the team. On 27 February 2024, she made her debut for the national team in a 3–0 win against Burkina Faso, Coming on in the 82nd minute as a substitute for Inés Boutaleb.

## Honours

Algeria
* UNAF U-20 Women's Tournament:
    Runners-up (1): 2023
    Third place (1): 2019
* UNAF U-21 Women's Tournament:
    Champion (1): 2019
Akbou
* Championnat National Elite:
    Champion (1): 2023–24
* Algerian Women's Cup:
    Champion (1): 2023–24
Etihad
* Jordanian-Saudi Women's Clubs Championship:
    Champion (1): 2023
# Pete's Dragon

Pete's Dragon is the title of two Disney live-action films:
* Pete's Dragon (1977 film)
* Pete's Dragon (2016 film)
** Pete's Dragon (soundtrack)
# Donald Davidson

Donald Davidson may refer to:
* Donald Davidson (cricketer) (1904–1985), South African cricketer
* Donald Davidson (historian) (born 1942/3), American historian of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway
* Donald Davidson (philosopher) (1917–2003), American philosopher
* Donald Davidson (poet) (1893–1968), American poet and spokesman for the South
# José López Silva (footballer)

José María López de Silva Sánchez (born 1 February 1983), known as López Silva, is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a winger.

## Club career

Born in Huelva, Andalusia, López Silva joined Valencia CF after finishing his development at Real Madrid, and was part of the reserves' setup in the 2002–03 season in the Segunda División B, even though he failed to appear in any games. In the summer of 2004, he signed with CD Linares of the same league.
López Silva continued to compete in the third division the following years, representing Burgos CF, CD Alcalá, Orihuela CF and Cádiz CF. With the latter, he achieved promotion to Segunda División, contributing three goals from 32 appearances.
On 30 August 2009, aged 26, López Silva played his first match as a professional, starting in a 0–1 home loss against UD Salamanca. He scored his first goal on 8 November, his team's first in a 2–2 home draw with Real Betis.
On 15 June 2011, López Silva signed a two-year deal with Córdoba CF also in the second tier. In his third year he appeared in 40 matches and scored three times, helping the side return to La Liga after a 42-year absence.
López Silva made his debut in the Spanish top flight on 25 August 2014, starting the 2–0 defeat at Real Madrid. He left the club in June 2016, and subsequently joined CD Alcoyano of division three.
On 25 July 2018, López Silva joined Tercera División side UD Tamaraceite.
# Jay Martin (lawyer)

Jay C. Martin (born October 8, 1969) is an American attorney and politician who served as a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives for the 40th district from 2003 to 2007. In 2005, Martin served as majority leader of the House.

## Early life and education

Martin was born in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1969. Martin had a mentally ill father and was raised in North Little Rock. In 1992, he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Four years later, Martin earned Juris Doctor from the University of Arkansas School of Law.

## Career

Since 1997, Martin has worked as an attorney at James R. Wallace and Associates. He was elected to the Arkansas House of Representatives in November 2002 and assumed office in January 2003. He left office in 2007. Martin serves as the president of Wallace, Martin Duke & Russell.

### 2022 Arkansas gubernatorial election

On February 8, 2022, Martin announced that he would run for governor of Arkansas in the 2022 Arkansas gubernatorial election. Martin campaigned as a pro-life Democrat. He lost a primary to Chris Jones. In 2024, he sought the position of Chief Justice in the nonpartisan judicial primary, but was eliminated in the first primary.

## Personal life

Martin and his wife, Dawn, have three children. He is an ordained minister of the Assemblies of God.
# Steve Foster (footballer, born 1974)

Stephen Foster (born 3 December 1974) is an English former professional footballer who played as a defender.

## Career

Foster, who is the son of former Mansfield Town defender Colin Foster, began his career at Mansfield Town, where he made a handful of appearances before being released by the club. He later played for Conference sides Telford United and Woking, before returning to the Football League with Bristol Rovers in 1997. After five seasons with Bristol Rovers, in which he made 237 appearances in all competitions, Foster was released by new manager Ray Graydon in April 2002 as Bristol Rovers sought to reduce their wage bill after finishing next to bottom of Division Three.
Foster joined Doncaster Rovers in August 2002 on a short-term deal and then agreed a contract until the end of the 2002–03 season in the following October. He made 21 league appearances as Doncaster reached the inaugural Conference play-off final and won promotion to the Football League in May 2003. His performances were rewarded with a one-year contract in June 2003 and a new two-year contract in February 2004. He made 44 league appearances in the 2003–04 season as Doncaster won a second successive promotion, and 34 league appearances in the 2004–05 season, which was interrupted by a serious ankle injury sustained in September 2004. He made a further 17 league appearances for Doncaster in the 2005–06 season, before leaving the club by mutual consent in January 2006 and joining Scunthorpe United until the end of the 2006–07 season. He made 62 league appearances in the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons as Scunthorpe won the League One championship in May 2007, and he took the Scunthorpe United's official Player of the Year award.
Foster was offered a new contract at the end of the 2006–07 season, but opted to join Darlington where he was reunited with his former manager at Doncaster, Dave Penney, and was named as captain for the 2007–08 season.
In late 2009, it was discovered that Foster had a clause written into his contract, that qualified him for a new contract with Darlington, if he was to make just one more league appearance (not from the substitute bench) for the club. Because of Darlington's financial constraints Foster was sidelined to avoid the new contract being activated. And on 1 March 2010 Foster left Darlington to sign for Conference North club Blyth Spartans.
Foster returned to his roots by signing a one-year deal with Mansfield Town on 28 May 2010. On 31 May 2011, it was announced that Foster's contract would not be renewed. Foster now played for Spennymoor Town in the Northern Football League between 2011 and 2012.

## Coaching career

In February 2014 Foster got named assistant manager of Northern League side Whitley Bay. In December 2014, he was named caretaker manager.

## Honours
### Player

Woking
* FA Trophy: 1996–97
Doncaster Rovers
* Football League Division Three: 2003–04
* Conference National play-offs: 2002–03
Scunthorpe United
* Football League One: 2006–07
Individual
* PFA Team of the Year: 2007–08 Football League Two