OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vernon C. Smith

Vernon Corbett Smith (June 28, 1892 – January 27, 1963) was an American politician from Virginia. He served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1938 to 1948 and from 1950 to 1961.

## Early life

Vernon Corbett Smith was born on June 28, 1892, in Grundy, Virginia. He attended Grundy Senior High School.

## Career

Smith was a Democrat. He served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates, representing the 9th district, from 1938 to 1948 and from 1950 to 1961. He was defeated for re-election by Samuel J. Breeding. He helped establish Breaks Interstate Park and served on its commission. He was also a member of the Perrow Commission.
Smith was a president of Cumberland Bank & Trust Company. He was an automotive dealer and was president of the Grundy Motor Corporation.

## Personal life

Smith married Margaret Katherine Whitley, daughter of Rachel (née Whitten) and Robert Whitley. They had a son, Harold Whitley, and daughter. He was a Mason, Shriner and Presbyterian.
Smith died following a heart attack on January 27, 1963, at his home in Grundy. He was buried in Clinch Valley Memorial Cemetery in Richlands.
# Charles A. Kading

Charles August Kading (January 14, 1874 – June 19, 1956) was an American lawyer and Republican politician from Dodge County, Wisconsin. He served three terms in the United States House of Representatives, representing Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district from 1927 to 1933. Before his election to Congress, he served as Dodge County district attorney and he was the 38th mayor of Watertown, Wisconsin. His name was incorrectly listed as "Karling" in the 1911 Wisconsin Blue Book.

## Biography

Born in Lowell, Wisconsin, Kading was the son of Charles and Elizabeth Baggans Kading. He attended the country schools, Lowell Grade School, Horicon High School in Horicon, and the University of Wisconsin in Madison. He graduated from the law department of Valparaiso University in Valparaiso, Indiana, in 1900. He was admitted to the bar the same year and commenced practice in Watertown, Wisconsin. He was also interested in agricultural pursuits.
Kading served as city attorney of Watertown from 1905 to 1912, as district attorney for Dodge County from 1906 to 1912, and as mayor of Watertown from 1914 to 1916.
Kading was elected as a Republican to the Seventieth, Seventy-first, and Seventy-second Congresses, serving from March 4, 1927 – March 3, 1933. After being an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1932, he resumed the practice of law. He died in Watertown on June 19, 1956, and was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery there. His son, Charles E. Kading (1907–1992), also an attorney, served for many years as a judge in Jefferson County.
# St Peter's Church, Langdale End

St Peter's Church is an Anglican church in Darncombe-cum-Langdale End, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.
The building is a chapel of ease to St Helen and All Saints' Church, Wykeham. It was built in 1884, for Viscountess Downe, at a cost of £750. It is a Gothic revival building, in the 13th century style. In the churchyard is a large cross, dedicated to G. C. Dawnay, who died in 1889.
The church is a small, rectangular, stone building, with a nave, chancel and south porch. At the west end is a bellcote.
# Yvan Lebourgeois

Yvan Lebourgeois (born 26 October 1962) is a French former professional football defender.

## Career

Lebourgeois was born in Noyers-Bocage. He spent almost all his playing career at Stade Malherbe Caen. He holds the record for SM Caen appearances in Division 1, having played 200 first-team matches between 1988 and 1995.
# Thanakorn Thong-in

Thanakorn Thong-in is a professional footballer from Thailand. He currently plays for Nakhon Pathom in the Thailand Premier League.
# Jove Peak

Jove Peak is a 6,007 ft (1,830 m) mountain summit located 5 mi (8.0 km) north of Stevens Pass on the common border of Snohomish County with Chelan County in Washington state. This peak is situated 12 mi (19 km) west of Lake Wenatchee, in the Henry M. Jackson Wilderness, on land managed by Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest and Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. Jove Peak was named by Albert Hale Sylvester for Jove in association with the mythology-theme of nearby Minotaur and Theseus Lakes which are near Labyrinth Mountain, 2.5 mi (4.0 km) to the northeast. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains west into headwaters of Rapid River, or east into Rainy Creek which is a tributary of the Little Wenatchee River.

## Climate

Jove Peak is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originating in the Pacific Ocean travel east toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range (orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades. As a result, of lying on the Cascade crest, the area around Jove Peak experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. Summers can bring occasional thunderstorms. The months July through September offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing this peak, but Jove Peak is also a skiing destination in winter.

## Geology

The North Cascades features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks, ridges, and deep glacial valleys. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to various climate differences.
The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. Glacier Peak, a stratovolcano that is 20 mi (32 km) north of Jove Peak, began forming in the mid-Pleistocene. In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.
During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured and shaped the landscape. Glaciation was most prevalent approximately 18,000 years ago, and most valleys were ice-free by 12,000 years ago. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area.

## Gallery

* Jove Peak in winter
* Northeast aspect
# East Is East (play)

East Is East is a 1996 play by Ayub Khan-Din, first produced by Tamasha Theatre Company in co-production with the Royal Court and Birmingham Repertory Theatre. A semi-autobiographical story of growing up in a mixed-race, working-class family in 1970s Salford, East is East is often cited as one of the key works to bring South Asian culture to mainstream British audiences. The play was published by Nick Hern Books, and subsequently turned into the 1999 film East is East.

## Original production

Khan-Din had initially written a draft of the story of East is East as a college student. He was encouraged by Sudha Bhuchar, artistic director at the Tamasha Theatre Company, to submit it for a writing workshop jointly run by Tamasha and the Royal Court. After development there with actors, director and a dramaturge, East Is East was first performed at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre Studio on 8 October 1996. It went on to enjoy sell-out London runs: first at the Theatre Royal Stratford East, and then at the Royal Court Theatre's temporary West End venue. The play won Khan Din the 1997 'Best West End Play' and 'New Writer of the Year' awards from the Writers Guild of Great Britain. The play also won an Olivier Award nomination for Best New Comedy.
After independent producer Leslee Udwin bought the film rights, Khan Din himself wrote the screenplay for a BAFTA Award–winning film of the same name released in 1999. Several of the play's original cast members – including Linda Bassett, Emil Marwa and Jimi Mistry – reprised their roles in the film.

## Later productions

Kristine Landon-Smith directed a production at the Oldham Coliseum Theatre in 1999, and Scott Elliott directed a May 1999 production at the Manhattan Theater Club. Nona Shepphard directed a March 2001 run at the Leicester Haymarket Theatre.
A revival ran at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre (in the Main House) in from 25 September to 17 October 2009 directed by Iqbal Khan.
A revival of the play starring Jane Horrocks and directed by Sam Yates was staged at the Trafalgar Studios in October 2014 as part of Jamie Lloyd's second Trafalgar Transformed season before touring the UK from January 2015.
A 25th anniversary revival ran at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre from 4 to 25 September 2021 also directed by Iqbal Khan. Following the run in Birmingham, the production transferred to the Lyttleton Theatre at the National Theatre, London from 7 to 31 October 2021, before touring the UK.

## Credits

* Director—Kristine Landon-Smith
* Designer—Sue Mayes
* Lighting Designer—Paul Taylor
* Dialect Coach—Jill McCullough
* Fight Director—Malcolm Ransom
* Original Cast—Imran Ali, Linda Bassett, Paul Bazely, Chris Bisson, Kriss Dosanjh, Emil Marwa, Jimi Mistry, Lesley Nicol, Zita Sattar, Nadim Sawalha
* Revival Cast—Ayub Khan-Din, Jane Horrocks, Amit Shah, Ashley Kumar, Darren Kuppan, Taj Atwal, Michael Karim, Sally Bankes, Hassani Shapi, Rani Moorthy, Karl Seth, Pam Bennett, Ash Rizi, Deepal Parmar
# Norman R. Hamilton

Norman Rond Hamilton (November 13, 1877 – March 26, 1964) was an American businessman and politician who served one term as a U.S. Representative from Virginia from 1937 to 1939.

## Early and family life

Born in Portsmouth, Virginia, Hamilton attended the public and high schools.

## Career

Hamilton began his publishing career as a newspaper reporter in Norfolk (1895–1914). He became publisher of the Portsmouth (Virginia) Star from 1917 until it merged with the Norfolk Ledger in 1955.

### Early political career

He became involved in the local Democratic Party . Hamilton became collector of customs for Virginia during the Wilson administration, and served from 1914 until 1922. Before the United States entered World War I, Hamilton became the port's neutrality enforcement officer. He then served as chairman of the Port War Board of Hampton Roads (1916–1918). Hamilton was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1924, 1928, 1932, 1952, and 1960. He also served as Trustee of Virginia State Teachers' College in 1922–1926. During the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration, Hamilton, in 1933, Hamilton was appointed as receiver at Washington, D.C., of five District of Columbia insolvent banks, a position he resigned in June 1936 to run for Congress.

### Congress

Hamilton defeated incumbent (and Byrd Organization loyalist) Colgate Darden in the Democratic primary, then won election to the seat in the general election. He thus served in the Seventy-fifth Congress (January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939). However, Darden defeated his renomination attempt in 1938, and also failed to win election in 1941 to fill a vacancy in the Seventy-seventh Congress. Executive of the Norfolk-Portsmouth Newspapers, Inc..

## Death and legacy

Hamilton died in Norfolk, Virginia, March 26, 1964. He was interred in Oak Grove Cemetery, Portsmouth, Virginia.

## Electoral history
### 1936

Hamilton was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives defeating Republican Gerould M. Rumble and Communist Alexander Wright, winning 88.68% of the vote.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "Norman R. Hamilton (id: H000116)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
U.S. House of Representatives :
| Preceded byColgate Darden | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 2nd congressional district 1937–1939 | Succeeded byColgate Darden |
# Keith Urban (1999 album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Keith Urban (also known as Keith Urban II) is the second studio album by Australian country music artist Keith Urban. It was released on 19 October 1999 via Capitol Nashville. It was nominated at the 2000 ARIA Music Awards for Best Country Album, but lost to Troy Cassar-Daley for Big River.
Before this album, Urban recorded a self-titled album in Australia in 1991 and another in the US as a member of the short-lived band The Ranch. The US album is Urban's breakthrough album, as it produced four singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. In order of release, the singles were "It's a Love Thing" (number 18), "Your Everything" (number 4), "But for the Grace of God" (number 1), and "Where the Blacktop Ends" (number 3). It has sold 980,000 copies in the U.S., according to Nielsen SoundScan. The track "A Little Luck of Our Own" was originally titled "Luck of Our Own" as first recorded by American singer and songwriter Dale Daniel on her 1993 album of the same name. This is Urban's only album to not be produced by Dann Huff, who has produced all his albums since. While his contemporaries, Tim McGraw and Kenny Chesney, started with a neotraditional country sound, Urban had a crossover-friendly country pop sound from the very beginning.

## Personnel

* David Angell – violin
* Bruce Bouton – pedal steel guitar, pedabro
* John Catchings – cello
* Steve Conn – accordion
* Eric Darken – percussion
* David Davidson – violin
* Stuart Duncan – fiddle
* Tabitha Fair – background vocals
* Jerry Flowers – background vocals
* Paul Franklin – pedal steel guitar
* Aubrey Haynie – fiddle, mandolin
* Kim Keyes – background vocals
* Chris McHugh – drums, drum loops, percussion
* Emily Robison – background vocals
* Matt Rollings – organ, piano, synthesizer, background vocals
* Martie Seidel – background vocals
* Keith Urban – banjo, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, electric sitar, slide guitar, lead vocals, background vocals
* Steve Wariner – acoustic guitar, electric guitar, background vocals
* Biff Watson – acoustic guitar
* Kristin Wilkinson – programming, string arrangements, synthesizer programming, viola
* Glenn Worf – bass guitar
* Curtis Young – background vocals

## Charts

Keith Urban debuted at number 145 on the US Billboard 200 and number 17 on the Top Country Albums. In December 2003, Keith Urban was certified Platinum by the RIAA.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^^$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Chris Faller

Chris Faller (born 1 May 1985 in Buffalo, NY) is the bassist of The Hush Sound and Company of Thieves. Faller provides vocals as well, along with bandmates Greta Salpeter, Robert Morris, and Darren Wilson. Faller joined the band last after much persuasion from drummer Darren Wilson, and since then The Hush Sound has been signed by Fueled By Ramen. Faller and The Hush Sound released a new album, titled Goodbye Blues.
In October 2008 Faller left the band to pursue other musical interests. In July 2009, while The Hush Sound was still on hiatus, Faller joined the band Family Order as a bassist. Chris later rejoined the Hush Sound on a brief tour around the United States, and helped in writing their EP titled “Forty Five”, which was release in 2013.
# Sotirios Vatanidis

Sotirios Vatanidis (born 1914, date of death unknown) was a Greek wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman lightweight at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Typhlogastrura

Typhlogastrura is a genus of springtails in the family Hypogastruridae. There are about 19 described species in Typhlogastrura.

## Species

These 19 species belong to the genus Typhlogastrura:
* Typhlogastrura alabamensis Thibaud, 1975$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura asymmetrica Christiansen & Wang, 2006$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura atlantea (Gisin, 1951)$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura breuili Thibaud, 1967$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura christianseni Thibaud, 1975$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura elsarzolae Palacios-Vargas & Thibaud, 1997$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura fousheensis Christiansen & Wang, 2006$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura helleri Christiansen & Wang, 2006$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura korenevskyi Babenko, 1987$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura mendizabali (Bonet, 1930)$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura morozovi Babenko, 1987$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura preobrazhenskyi Babenko, 1987$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura shtanchevae Abdurakhmanov & Babenko, 1991$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura steinmanni Christiansen & Wang, 2006$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura thibaudi Babenko in Babenko, Chernova, Potapov & Stebaeva, 1994$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura topali (Loksa & Bogojevic, 1967)$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura unica Christiansen & Wang, 2006$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura valentini Thibaud, 1966$^{icg}$
* Typhlogastrura veracruzana Palacios-Vargas & Thibaud, 1985$^{icg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# The Australian National Dictionary

The Australian National Dictionary: Australian Words and Their Origins is a historical dictionary of Australian English, recording 16,000 words, phrases, and meanings of Australian origin and use. The first edition of the dictionary, edited by W. S. Ramson, was published in 1988 by Oxford University Press; the second edition was edited by Bruce Moore at the Australian National Dictionary Centre and published in 2016.

## History

The first lexicographer to attempt systematic documentation of Australian English words was E. E. Morris, whose Austral English was published in 1898. The next significant works on Australian words were Sidney Baker's The Australian Language (1945) and G.A. Wilkes' Dictionary of Australian Colloquialisms (1978).

### First edition

Work on the Australian National Dictionary Project was undertaken from the late 1970s by W. S. (Bill) Ramson (1933–2011) at the Australian National University. Ramson was motivated by a lack of lexicographic work on Australian English on historical principles, in the tradition of the Oxford English Dictionary. The project gained funding from Oxford University Press and the first edition of the Australian National Dictionary was published by Oxford in 1988, coinciding with the bicentenary of Australia's settlement. It was the first comprehensive, historically based record of the words and phrases that make up the Australian contribution to the English language. It records the historical development of Australian words, phrases and meanings from their earliest use to the present day, providing evidence of this history in dated and referenced quotations drawn from over 9,000 Australian sources. The trials and tribulations of this process are outlined in Ramson's book Lexical Images (OUP, 2005).

### Australian National Dictionary Centre

The Australian National Dictionary Project became the Australian National Dictionary Centre in 1988, with the signing of a contract between Oxford University Press and the Australian National University. W. S. Ramson was the Centre's first director (1988–1994).

### Second edition

The second edition of the Australian National Dictionary (2016) was edited by Bruce Moore, Director of the Centre 1994–2011. It is an expanded work in two volumes, recording the history of 16,000 Australian words, phrases and meanings. Greater emphasis is given in this edition to many new terms deriving from Aboriginal languages and culture to colloquial idioms and phrases, to regionalisms, and to Aboriginal English.

## Publications

* First edition (1988, ISBN 0-19-554736-5): includes 10,000 Australian terms, with 57,000 dated and referenced quotations.
* Second edition (2016, ISBN 978-0-19-555026-9): includes 16,000 Australian terms, with 123,000 dated and referenced quotations.
   * 1st impression (2016-12-06)
# Martin Gilks

Martin Richard Gilks (2 March 1965 – 3 April 2006) was an English musician. He was a founder member and original drummer for the Wonder Stuff, based in Stourbridge (West Midlands, England).
Gilks who was born in Stourbridge, was originally the drummer with the Midlands-based Mighty Lemon Drops before leaving in 1985 (allegedly sacked for not wanting to cut his hair), and later joined Miles Hunt, Malcolm Treece, and Rob "The Bass Thing" Jones to form the Wonder Stuff in March 1986. As part of the Wonder Stuff, Gilks went on to have a string of top-forty singles and an album as well as being voted the best drummer on the planet in an NME poll in 1989. The group split up in 1994.
He continued to work with Treece and Paul Clifford (Rob Jones' replacement who joined the Wonder Stuff in 1990) after the split under the name of We Know Where You Live with Ange Dolittle (formerly of Eat) on lead vocals.
Gilks left the group at the end of 1995 to join his brother "Tank" in forming Furtive Mass Transit Systems, a management company who would later look after Reef, Lowgold, Cable, A and Hundred Reasons. We Know Where You Live disbanded the following year.
When the Wonder Stuff reformed in 2000, performing five sell-out shows at the London venue Forum, Gilks also acted as the group's manager and continued to do so until a much-publicised split of the original members in 2004.
Gilks died, aged 41, on 3 April 2006, after losing control of his motorbike in London.
# Bądze, Pomeranian Voivodeship

Bądze is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Dzierzgoń, within Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Stary Dzierzgoń, 32 km (20 mi) south-east of Sztum, and 84 km (52 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
# Włodzimierz Marciniak

Włodzimierz Aleksander Marciniak (born 31 March 1954, Łódź) is a Polish university teacher, political scientist and historian of Russia, an ambassador to Russia (2016–2020).

## Life

Marciniak, in 1976, graduated from political science at the University of Warsaw. From 1977 to 1980 he was doing his doctoral studies. In 1989, he defended his thesis on Marxist social philosophy, supervised by Marek Siemek. In 2001, he gained post-doctoral degree (habilitation), presenting a book on dissolution of the Soviet Union.
In 1980, he began his professional career as a scientist and university teacher at the Main School of Planning and Statistics in Warsaw (in 1991 renamed Warsaw School of Economics, SGH). Between 1992 and 1997 he was working as a counsellor at the Polish embassy in Moscow. In 1997, Marciniak returned to SGH, between 2001 and 2002 heading its Department of Political Studies. Since 2000, he has been working also for the Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 2002, he became head of the Comparative Postsoviet Research Unit. Between 2006 and 2008 he was a lecturer at the Centre for East European Studies, University of Warsaw. He has been a visiting professor of the Jesuit University of Philosophy and Education Ignatianum, Kraków, and Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu – National-Louis University, Nowy Sącz.
Marciniak has been a member of the Polish-Russian Group for Difficult Matters, and the presidential National Development Council (since 2010).
On 13 October 2016, he became Poland ambassador to Russia, presenting on 9 November 2016 his letter of credence. He ended his term on 31 July 2020.
His brother, Piotr Marciniak, was a member of Parliament of Poland (1993–1997), ambassador to Moldova (2000–2005), as well as consul-general in Irkutsk (2008–2009) and Saint Petersburg (2011–2015).

## Works

* Rozgrabione imperium: upadek Związku Sowieckiego i powstanie Federacji Rosyjskiej, Kraków: Arcana, 2001, 2004, ISBN 838622598X.
* Inne wymiary polityki, Warszawa: Instytut Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2013, ISBN 9788364091056.