OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zhang Chong (politician)

Zhang Chong (Chinese: 张冲; February 26, 1900 – October 30, 1980) was a Chinese military and political leader. Initially a feared bandit chieftain and warlord of Yunnan, he distinguished himself as commander of the 50th Army during the Sino-Japanese War, then joined Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party during the Chinese Civil War and went on to hold important positions in the new People's Republic of China, culminating in his service as Vice Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

## Life

Born in Luxi, Yunnan, Zhang Chong became a bandit in his teenage years, taking advantage of the chaotic Warlord era to become a feared and powerful figure in Southwest China through plunder, kidnapping and extortion. In 1926, Zhang was recruited by the warlord Long Yun, and his private bandit force was reorganized into the Fifth Division of the Yunnan Army. In 1935, when the Long March passed through Yunnan, Zhang Chong advised Long Yun to offer only token resistance, arguing that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was Chiang Kai-shek's problem, and that there was no need to waste resources fighting them, and his proposal was adopted.
After the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, Zhang Chong's troops were reorganized into the 184th Division of the 60th Army of the National Revolutionary Army. In 1942, when the Japanese invaded Yunnan from Burma, Zhang Chong was appointed the commander of the Yunnan Second Route Army, stationed in southern Yunnan. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhang Chong was dismissed from the army. In October 1945, Long Yun was relieved of military power in Yunnan by Chiang Kai-shek, and since then Zhang Chong was in secret contact with the CCP.
In 1946, Zhang Chong secretly flew to Yan'an, supported Mao Zedong and, in February 1947, he officially joined the CCP.
During the Liaoshen campaign of the Chinese Civil War, Zhang Chong wrote a letter to persuade his old subordinate Zeng Zesheng to surrender, and made great contributions to the victory of the CCP in the siege of Changchun.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhang Chong became Vice Chairman of the Yunnan Provincial People's Government, serving under Lu Han, as well as a member of the Southwest China Military and Political Committee.
In 1954, he moved to Beijing and was elected to the National People's Congress, remaining a member until 1978, when he became a Vice Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
In October 1980, Zhang Chong died in Beijing at the age of 80.
# Anaesthetobrium luteipenne

Anaesthetobrium luteipenne is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Maurice Pic in 1923. It is known from China and Japan.
# Phillips Lee Goldsborough

Phillips Lee Goldsborough I (August 6, 1865 – October 22, 1946), was an American Republican politician who was the 47th Governor of Maryland from 1912 to 1916 and represented the state in the United States Senate from 1929 to 1935. He was also Comptroller of the Maryland Treasury from 1898 to 1900. To date, he is the last Republican to serve as Comptroller of Maryland.

## Early life and career

Goldsborough was born in Princess Anne, Maryland and was educated in public and private schools, including Episcopal High School. While working as a clerk for the United States Navy, he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1886, commencing practice in Cambridge, Maryland soon thereafter. He also held an interest in banking. In 1893 he married Mary Ellen Showell (c. 1865 – 1930) and they had two sons: Brice W. Goldsborough and Phillips Lee Goldsborough II.
In 1891 and in 1895, Goldsborough was elected state's attorney for Dorchester County, Maryland. In 1897, he was elected to the position of comptroller of the treasury of Maryland, but was defeated for reelection in 1899 by Dr. Joshua W. Hering. As of 2024, he is the last Republican to have served as Maryland Comptroller.
He was appointed collector of internal revenue for the district of Maryland in 1902 by President Theodore Roosevelt and later by President William Howard Taft.

## Governor of Maryland

Goldsborough built a large base of support in the state, which encouraged him to run for Governor of Maryland in 1911. He defeated Democratic challenger Arthur Pue Gorman Jr., becoming only the second Republican governor in state history up to that time. Goldsborough won in part due to the support of African Americans, with the disenfranchising Digges Amendment being concurrently defeated.
Goldsborough's tenure as governor achieved education reform, including the appointment of school boards and teacher certification. It was also during his tenure that the state purchased Maryland Agricultural College, now the University of Maryland, College Park.

## United States Senate

Goldsborough sought the Republican nomination for the Class I U.S. Senate seat from Maryland in 1916, but was defeated in the Republican primary by Joseph I. France. He left politics afterwards and resumed his law practice in Cambridge, and also became president of the National Union Bank.
When Republican Herbert Hoover was elected President of the United States, Goldsborough again sought the same senate seat in Maryland. He was elected to the United States Senate in the election of 1928, defeating incumbent William Cabell Bruce.

## Later career and death

In 1934, he was not a candidate for re-election to the senate, but instead ran again for Governor of Maryland. He lost in the Republican primary to Harry W. Nice, who went on to win the general election.
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt appointed Goldsborough to the director's board of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in 1935. He served in that position until he died in 1946 in Baltimore, Maryland, and is buried in the old churchyard of Christ Episcopal Church of his hometown of Cambridge.
# Jean-Urbain Guérin

Jean-Urbain Guérin (French pronunciation:; 1760 – 29 October 1836) was a French draughtsman and miniaturist. With Jean-Baptiste Isabey and Jacques Augustin, he is still held to be one of the most notable miniaturists of his time.
Guérin himself wrote in his accounts book that in 1791 he produced a portrait of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, who was a friend of queen Marie-Antoinette. He also painted Marie-Antoinette herself and her husband Louis XVI and drew portraits of several deputies of the third estate in 1785, which were later engraved by Franz Gabriel Fiesinger. After the French Revolution he also painted portraits of several generals of the First French Republic, which were often reproduced, as well as images of Kléber, Napoleon Bonaparte and Mozart.

## Life

Born in Strasbourg, he was the son of the engraver Jean Guérin of that city. His brother Christophe Guérin (1758-1831) became a painter and engraver, whilst Jean-Urbain's nephew Gabriel-Christophe Guérin (1790-1846) became a painter. Jean-Urbain trained under his father then under Huin. Like Prévost and Amat, Guérin did his final training under Jean-Baptiste Regnault. He was sent to Paris with Jean-Baptiste Kléber, a childhood friend, and worked among natives of Alsace who happened to be in Paris, particularly Jean-Baptiste Weyler, who advised him to specialise in miniature painting.
He took an apprenticeship under Jacques-Louis David before working with Jean-Baptiste Isabey, seven years Guérin's junior, after meeting him in David's studio. David commissioned a portrait of one of his daughters from Guérin just before her marriage - Guérin accepted but only on the condition that David would pose his daughter for him. Marie-Antoinette became his main patron and protector. By 1792 he was a member of the Filles Saint-Thomas section of the National Guard, with whom he defended the royal family against the sans-culottes during the Demonstration of 20 June that year.
He was suspected under the Reign of Terror and left France to join Desaix's division during Napoleon's Egyptian campaign, only returning in 1799 under the French Consulate. He then entered the service of Napoleon's wife Joséphine de Beauharnais and exhibited at the Paris Salon until 1827. He died in Obernai on 29 October 1836.

## Selected works

* Bordeaux, musée des arts décoratifs et du design : Young man in gloves, watercolour and gouache on ivory, bought by the city in 1958.
* Paris, musée du Louvre, miniatures, of which eight were given by Félix Doisteau and ten by David David-Weill, including:
** Portrait of Madame Jean-Baptiste de Boullogne as a vestal virgin, given by David David-Weill in 1947;
** Portrait of general Kléber, bought in 1849 from Monsieur Delattre
** Portrait of countess Montangon, given by Félix Doisteau in 1919
** Portrait of count Alphonse de Perrégaux, given by David David-Weill in 1947
# Pakistan–Serbia relations

Pakistan and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and SFR Yugoslavia in 1948. In 2012, Pakistan granted diplomatic recognition to the Republic of Kosovo, a partially recognized state that is claimed by Serbia in its entirety as the autonomous province of Kosovo and Metohija.

## Resident diplomatic missions

* Pakistan has an embassy in Belgrade.
* Serbia is accredited to Pakistan through its embassy in Beijing, China.
# Efferia bicolor

Efferia bicolor is a species of robber flies in the family Asilidae.
# Ivan Osorio

Ivan Osorio is the books editor at the Cato Institute and a former senior policy analyst, columnist and editor at the Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) in Washington, D.C. He specializes in labor policy and Latin American affairs. Before joining CEI, he wrote articles and policy studies for the Capital Research Center. His work is regularly published in conservative, libertarian, and free-market periodicals such as National Review, Human Events, and the American Spectator.
As a student at the University of Florida, Osorio played guitar in several punk rock bands, including Lethal Yellow, The Jeffersons, and Sick Dick and the Volkswagens. He is Nicaraguan American.
# 2018 Alps Tour

The 2018 Alps Tour was the 18th season of the Alps Tour, a third-tier golf tour recognised by the European Tour.

## Schedule

The following table lists official events during the 2018 season.
| Date | Tournament | Host country | Purse (€) | Winner | OWGR points |
| 15 Feb | Ein Bay Open | Egypt | 40,000 | Michele Cea (1) | 4 |
| 21 Feb | Red Sea Little Venice Open | Egypt | 40,000 | Jack Singh Brar (1) | 4 |
| 2 Mar | Golf Nazionale Open | Italy | – | Cancelled | – |
| 11 Apr | Óbidos International Open | Portugal | 30,000 | David Borda (1) | 4 |
| 26 May | Gösser Open | Austria | 42,500 | Santiago Tarrío (1) | 4 |
| 2 Jun | Open de Saint François Region Guadeloupe | Guadeloupe | 43,000 | Marcus Mohr (1) | 4 |
| 16 Jun | Alps de Andalucía | Spain | 48,000 | Alexandre Daydou (1) | 4 |
| 24 Jun | Open International de la Mirabelle d'Or | France | 45,000 | Santiago Tarrío (2) | 6 |
| 29 Jun | Memorial Giorgio Bordoni | Italy | 40,000 | Guido Migliozzi (2) | 4 |
| 8 Jul | Saint Malo Golf Open | France | 45,000 | Alexandre Fuchs (a) (1) | 6 |
| 15 Jul | Fred Olsen Alps de La Gomera | Spain | 40,000 | Alfredo García-Heredia (2) | 4 |
| 20 Jul | Alps de Las Castillas | Spain | 48,000 | Thomas Elissalde (5) | 4 |
| 28 Jul | Des Iles Borromees Open | Italy | 40,000 | Andrea Saracino (1) | 4 |
| 31 Aug | Cervino Open | Italy | 40,000 | Giacomo Fortini (a) (1) | 4 |
| 9 Sep | Citadelle Trophy International | France | – | Cancelled | – |
| 22 Sep | Open Abruzzo | Italy | 40,000 | Guido Migliozzi (3) | 4 |
| 21 Oct | Alps Tour Grand Final | Italy | 45,000 | David Borda (2) | 6 |

## Order of Merit

The Order of Merit was based on tournament results during the season, calculated using a points-based system. The top five players on the Order of Merit (not otherwise exempt) earned status to play on the 2019 Challenge Tour.
| Position | Player | Points | Status earned |
| 1 | Santiago Tarrío | 26,702 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 2 | David Borda | 25,713 | Qualified for European Tour (Top 25 in Q School) |
| 3 | Alexandre Daydou | 21,813 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 4 | Louis Cohen-Boyer | 21,157 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 5 | Marcus Mohr | 16,809 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 6 | Andrea Saracino | 16,122 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 7 | Xavier Poncelet | 15,850 | |
| 8 | Conor O'Rourke | 13,349 | |
| 9 | Julien Forêt | 12,963 | |
| 10 | Teremoana Beaucousin | 12,839 | |
# Tomasz Stefaniszyn

Tomasz Tadeusz Stefaniszyn (16 March 1929 – 8 September 1986) was a Polish footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics and in the 1960 Summer Olympics.

## Honours

Gwardia Warsaw
* Polish Cup: 1953–54
# Sahara Hayes

Sahara Hayes is an American politician serving as a member of the Utah House of Representatives for the 32nd district. Elected in November 2022, she assumed office on January 1, 2023.

## Early life and education

Hayes was born and raised in Salt Lake City. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Westminster College and a Master of Public Administration from the University of Utah.

## Career

Outside of politics, Hayes works as a grant writer. She served as a member of the Millcreek Community Council and on the board of the Utah Cultural Celebration Center Foundation. She was elected to the Utah House of Representatives in November 2022.

## Personal life

Hayes is a queer woman. Her partner is transgender.
# Yrjö Räisänen

Kaarlo Yrjö Räisänen (16 February 1888 – 18 June 1948) was a Finnish journalist and politician, born in Kuopio. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1930 to 1941 and again from 1944 until his death in 1948, representing first the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) and later the Finnish People's Democratic League (SKDL).
Räisänen was in prison for political reasons from 1941 to 1944. After he was freed, he joined the SKDL and the Socialist Unity Party (SYP), a member organisation of the SKDL.
He is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.
# Tahoe Truckee Area Regional Transit

The Tahoe Truckee Area Regional Transit (TART) is the primary provider of mass transportation in the north shore Lake Tahoe region of north central California and northwestern Nevada.
TART is partially funded by RTC Washoe.

## History

In 2021 as a way to reduce traffic, TART began to offer a free on demand transit shuttle called TART Connect.
In 2023, TART ordered its first four electric buses as part of their zero emissions fleet program.
# Platyptilia gonodactyla

Platyptilia gonodactyla, also known as the triangle plume, is a moth of the family Pterophoridae found in temperate Asia and Europe. It was first described by the Austrian entomologists, Michael Denis & Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775.

## Distribution

This species can be found in the Palearctic realm. It has a widespread distribution in Britain.

## Habitat

These moths inhabit open, grassy areas, waste ground, meadows and spruce forest edge.

## Description

The wingspan is 22–28 mm. They have pale brown or grayish wings with chestnut coloured markings towards the tips. This species is very similar to Platyptilia nemoralis, and Platyptilia calodactyla but it shows a very small scaletooth at the dorsum of the third lobe.
The caterpillars are about six millimeters long at the end of March. They have a glossy black head and black mouthparts, prothoracal shield and thoracic legs. The body is yellow, with a broad reddish back.

## Biology

The moths fly from May to October depending on the location and are active at dusk and night. This species has two generation a year, in June and in late July–September.
The larvae feed on coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) and sometimes also butterbur (Petasites species). The larvae of the spring generation feed in the stem from the base up to the receptacle of the flower head, with pupation taking place either there or on a leaf. The summer generation are miners. The mine consists of a small, transparent, irregularly shaped full depth mine and there are often several in a single leaf. The frass is granular but there is little to be seen, or it is missing completely. After some time the larvae feeds freely on the underside of the leaf or under a folded leaf margin.
# Catriona Millar

Catriona Millar (born 1956) is one of Scotland's foremost figurative painters. Born in Milngavie, Glasgow, she studied at Harrogate School of Art and Grays School of Art, Aberdeen, where her tutors included Joyce Cairns RSA and Keith Grant. Since the success of her sell-out 2005 degree show she has achieved an international reputation and exhibited across the UK and Europe including the Royal Scottish Academy, Edinburgh. Her works are in both private and public collections. In October 2006 she came to the attention of Charles Saatchi with her first solo exhibition at the Dundas Street Gallery, Edinburgh. In April 2007 The Herald ranked her in the top five most collectable artists in Scotland. In 2012 Catriona Millar was listed in 'Who's Who in Scotland'. Her paintings can be seen on book jackets and CD covers while many schools and colleges around the world study her work. Catriona Millar works with several charities including, Art on a Postcard, St Columba's Hospice Care, Edinburgh and Mental Health Aberdeen,
"Like many Scottish painters Catriona Millar is a true colourist. Colour and pattern define her work but beneath the surface they portray the full spectrum of the human condition – joy, hope, longing and melancholy and often alongside an animal companion." - Elspeth Bray, former V&A curator, Deputy Editor of the Apollo Magazine.
"Up close the viewer is tempted to reach out and touch the canvas, so packed is it with paint. While this might be seen as simply a preferred painting technique, the depth of character and subtle nuances of narrative that Catriona Millar achieves is what sets her figurative work apart from anything else you’ll see." – Homes & Interiors Magazine
Catriona Millar is married to the Scottish columnist and Arts Critic Roddy Phillips.
# Sankai by Nagaya

Sankai by Nagaya is a Michelin-starred restaurant in Istanbul, Turkey. It serves Japanese cuisine.
# Gracixalus quangi

Gracixalus quangi is a species of bush frog endemic to Vietnam, Laos, and China, where it has been observed between 550 and 1300 meters above sea level.

## Appearance

This frog is smaller than most rhacophorids. The adult male measures 21.4 - 24.5 mm in snout-vent length and the adult female 26.8 - 27.3 mm. The frog's body is flat in shape with a triangular snout. The feet have disks on the toes for climbing. Only the hind feet are webbed. The skin of the dorsum is translucent dark green in color with some opaque yellow on the legs. There is some translucent light green on the legs. There are brown spots on the sides of the body and ventral surfaces of the hind legs. There is a dark brown intraorbital mark behind the eyelids. There is turquoise blue coloration on the supratympaic fold. The webbed skin is black in color. The iris of the eye is bronze in color with black reticulations.

## Habitat and threats

This frog lives in lowland and montaine rainforests. The female lays eggs on plants over muddy water. The eggs are cream-colored and covered in gel. When the eggs hatch, the tadpoles fall into the water.
Scientists believe this frog is at least concern of extinction, but it does face some threat from habitat loss associated with human habitation, farming, and logging. Its range includes at least one protected park: Pu Hoat Proposed Nature Reserve in Vietnam, and it is suspected in Xuan Lien Nature Reserve and Pu Huong Nature Reserve in Laos.

## Original publication

* Rowley JJL; Dau VQ; Nguyen TT; Cao TT; Nguyen SV (2011). "A new species of Gracixalus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) with a hyperextended vocal repertoire from Vietnam". Zootaxa. 3125: 22–38. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3125.1.2.
# Wacław Hamerliński

Wacław Hamerliński (born 26 August 1936) is a Polish former sports shooter. He competed in the 25 metre pistol event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Chris Pritt

Chris Pritt (born November 17, 1978) is an American politician serving as a member of the West Virginia House of Delegates from the 53rd district. Elected in November 2020, he assumed office on December 1, 2020. Pritt has declared that he is running for the West Virginia State Senate in the 17th District.

## Early life and education

Pritt was born in Stuart, Virginia. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in English from West Virginia Wesleyan College, a Master of Public Administration from Virginia Tech, and a Juris Doctor from the Claude W. Pettit College of Law at Ohio Northern University.

## Career

Since 2007, Pritt has owned and operated Pritt & Pritt LLC with his wife, Kelly. He was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates in November 2020 and assumed office on December 1, 2020.
# Pattitalawa

Pattitalawa is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# David Zábranský

David Zábranský (born 3 March 1977, in Prague) is a Czech writer.

## Education and career

Zábranský finished Media studies and Law at Charles University in Prague. He practiced law, but only in the NGO sector. He worked for The Counselling Centre For Citizenship/Civil and Human Rights, for Organization for Aid to Refugees or for The League of Human Rights.
The author's first book Slabost pro každou jinou pláž (Any Beach But This) was awarded the Magnesia Litera in the Newcomer of the year category.
He is a volunteer with the Berg Orchestra. Between 2015 and 2017, Zábranský worked as an editor-in-chief at CzechLit, Czech Literature Online. His texts were translated into Spanish, German, Hungarian and other languages.

## Works in Czech

(Translations of titles for informational purposes only.)
* Slabost pro každou jinou pláž, 2006 - Any Beach But This - (novel)
* Šternův pokus milovat, 2008 - Stern's Attempt to Love - (novel)
* Kus umělce, 2010 - Piece of an Artist - (novella)
* Hudba! Konečně!, 2011 - Music! Finally! - (radio play)
* Declassé (Lekce pro učitele), 2011 short story - Declessé - (short story)
* Edita Farkaš, 2011 - Edita Farkas - (novella)
* Edita Farkaš*, 2012 - Edita Farkas*- (novella)
* Martin Juhás čili Československo, 2015 - Martin Juhas or Czechoslovakia - (novel)
* Herec a truhlář Majer mluví o stavu své domoviny, 2016 - Actor and Carpenter Majer speaks about the State of his Homeland - (stage play)
* Za Alpami, 2017 - Beyond the Alps - (novel)
* Logoz, 2019 - (novel)
# Artsyom Pyatrenka

Artsyom Pyatrenka (Belarusian: Арцём Пятрэнка; Russian: Артём Петренко; born 1 March 2000) is a Belarusian professional footballer who plays for Arsenal Dzerzhinsk.