OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Immigration to Bangladesh

The UN estimates that there are around 2.1 million immigrants in Bangladesh as of 2020, roughly half of which are Rohingya refugees.

## History
### Ancient era

Bengal was historically one of the most immigrated-to regions of the Indian subcontinent, with the Bengali people having a significant ethnic admixture of several groups. Several invasions coming through northwestern India contributed to Bengal's demographics.

### Contemporary era

Some people internally migrated to Bangladesh from Pakistan before the 1971 split of the two countries. Afterwards, some of these "stranded Pakistanis", often known as "Biharis", ended up in refugee camps in Bangladesh, with only 200,000 of them (less than half) taken back by Pakistan after the 1973 Delhi Agreement.
Rohingya refugees have come to Bangladesh in significant numbers due to conflicts in Myanmar.
# E. Kirby Chamberlain

Ephraim Kirby Chamberlain (April 24, 1805 – December 28, 1852) was a politician in California. He served in the California State Senate and was President pro tempore of the California State Senate in 1849.
Chamberlain was born in Colebrook, Connecticut on April 24, 1805. His parents moved to Elbridge, New York in 1815, and Chamberlain was raised and educated in Elbridge. He graduated from New York City's College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1828. He subsequently established a medical practice in New Brighton, Pennsylvania. In 1836, Chamberlain married Susan Pennock Clark (d. 1846). In 1841, he moved to Cincinnati, where he continued to practice medicine.
During the Mexican–American War he served in the U.S. Army as surgeon of a volunteer regiment from Ohio. After the war, he was one of the commissioners named to establish the border between California and Mexico. After arriving in California, Chamberlain became involved in several businesses, including gold mines. When California attained statehood, Chamberlain was elected to represent the San Diego area in the first state senate, and was chosen to serve as the body's president pro tempore.
While on a trip to San Francisco, Chamberlain became ill in Panama. He died aboard ship near Acapulco on December 28, 1852, and was buried at sea.
# 1980 Nicholls State Colonels football team

The 1980 Nicholls State Colonels football team represented Nicholls State University as an independent during the 1980 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by Bill Clements in his seventh and final season as head coach, the Colonels compiled a record of 2–9. Nicholls State played home games at John L. Guidry Stadium in Thibodaux, Louisiana.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 6 | at Illinois State | Hancock StadiumNormal, IL | L 13–28 | 8,182 |
| September 13 | Livingston | John L. Guidry StadiumThibodaux, LA | W 20–2 | |
| September 20 | at McNeese State | Cowboy StadiumLake Charles, LA | L 0–21 | 20,650 |
| September 27 | No. 3 Troy State | John L. Guidry StadiumThibodaux, LA | L 15–25 | 6,400–6,800 |
| October 4 | No. 5 Southwest Texas State | John L. Guidry StadiumThibodaux, LA (rivalry) | W 24–21 | 4,425–5,000 |
| October 11 | at Southern | University StadiumBaton Rouge, LA | L 0–48 | |
| October 18 | at Austin Peay | Municipal StadiumClarksville, TN | L 16–35 | |
| October 25 | Tennessee State | John L. Guidry StadiumThibodaux, LA | L 15–40 | 10,050 |
| November 1 | Northeast Louisiana | John L. Guidry StadiumThibodaux, LA | L 28–29 | |
| November 8 | at Northwestern State | Harry Turpin StadiumNatchitoches, LA (NSU Challenge) | L 14–21 | 7,000 |
| November 15 | Southeastern Louisiana | John L. Guidry StadiumThibodaux, LA (rivalry) | L 20–35 | |
| Rankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# William W. Stow

William W. Stow (September 13, 1824 – February 20, 1895) was an American politician and member the California State Assembly from the 3rd district between 1854 and 1857; he was Speaker in 1855. Blue Heron Lake in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco was formerly named Stow Lake after him.

## Life and career

Stow was born in Binghamton, New York in 1824.
He was elected to the California State Assembly as a Whig in 1853 and served until 1857, serving as Speaker of the Assembly in 1855. In 1856, he was a primary candidate for the Know Nothing party for Governor of California but lost. He then served as a confidential attorney for the Southern Pacific Railroad between 1870 and 1893. He was also on the Golden Gate Park board between 1889 and 1893.
Stow died unexpectedly in San Francisco in February 1895. He is buried in Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland.

## Antisemitic views and legislation

Stow was highly antisemitic and described Jews as "a class of people here only to make money and who leave the country as soon as they make money." He attempted to use blue laws to restrict the commerce of Shabbat-observant Jews, commenting: "I am for a Jew-tax that is so high that [Jews] would not be able to operate any more shops." On another occasion, Stow said: "I have no sympathy with the Jews and would, it were in my power, enforce a regulation that would eliminate them from not only our county but from the entire state!"
In October 2022, three San Francisco city supervisors introduced a resolution urging the Recreation and Park Commission to rename Stow Lake due to Stow's outspoken antisemitism, as part of an effort to rename various landmarks across the San Francisco Bay Area. In January 2024, the Commission decided on the new name of Blue Heron Lake, in honor of the blue herons that nest along the lake.
# Ninian E. Whiteside

Ninian Edward Whiteside (December 25, 1812 – September 1, 1876) was an American Democratic politician, attorney, and pioneer who served as the 1st Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly and 9th Speaker of the California State Assembly. Whiteside is believed to be the only person to serve as the Speaker of the House in two separate state legislatures in the United States.

## Early life and career

Born in the Illinois Territory, Whiteside settled in the mining district in southern Wisconsin. Whiteside practiced law as a member of the Wisconsin Bar.

## Legislative career

In 1846, Whiteside served in the first Wisconsin Constitutional Convention of 1846. In 1847–1848, Whiteside served in the Wisconsin Territorial Council. In 1848, Whiteside was elected to the first Wisconsin State Assembly from Belmont, Wisconsin and was elected the first Speaker of the Wisconsin Assembly. He then went to California to take part in the California Gold Rush. In the same year, he was elected to the California State Assembly and was elected Speaker of the California State Assembly by a vote of 66–6. Whiteside was a delegate to the Breckinridge Convention in 1860. Whiteside served in the State Assembly until an election defeat in 1863.

### Achievements

While in the Wisconsin Legislature, Whiteside authored new laws regarding the renaming and restructuring of new villages and towns; renovations and repairs to the Wisconsin State Capitol; a new municipal water and well system for the capitol building; local tax levy requirements; establishment of the office of adjutant general of the militia of the State of Wisconsin; and plaintiff liabilities.
While in the California State Legislature, Whiteside authored new laws regarding incorporation of the Hornitos, California; restricting of herding of sheep to certain California county pastures; a new special tax levy for county jails; expansion of powers for the Board of Supervisors of the City and County of San Francisco and a funding bill for the City of Oakland, California.

## Death

Whiteside continued to practice law as a member of the State Bar of California until his retirement. He died in Marysville, California after an illness.
# Luther H. Cary

Luther H. Cary was a politician in Wisconsin and California.

## Biography

Cary was born Luther Harvey Cary in Erie County, New York, in 1824. During the American Civil War, he served in the Union Army. He died on September 16, 1888, in Oakland, California.

## Political career

Cary was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1855 and again in 1867. From 1861 to 1862, he was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate. Cary later served in the California State Assembly from 1883 to 1885. He was also a delegate to the 1864 Republican National Convention.
# Gideon J. Carpenter

Gideon Judd Carpenter (May 4, 1823 - May 6, 1910) was a Democratic politician who served in the California State Senate and Assembly, also serving as the Speaker of the Assembly between 1875 and 1876. He was also the county clerk and district attorney of El Dorado County.

## Life

Carpenter was born in Harford, Pennsylvania in 1823 and was the younger brother of future Governor of Iowa and Congressman Cyrus C. Carpenter. He moved to California in 1850 and became a miner in the Big Bar area of the Middle Fork American River but later shifted his focus to practicing law and being involved in politics.

### Political career

Carpenter was elected to the California State Senate from the 18th District in 1856 and served until 1860. He was then county clerk and district attorney of El Dorado County in California during the 1860s.
He returned to the state legislature when he was elected to the California State Assembly from the 23rd District in 1875, and was elected Speaker of the Assembly in the same year. In 1876 Carpenter stepped down from the Assembly to become the Democratic nominee in the 2nd Congressional District, but was defeated in the general election by Republican incumbent Horace F. Page.
After losing the congressional race, Carpenter was a reporter for the California Supreme Court until 1880. In 1882, he was elected to a single four-year term on the California Railroad Commission, now the California Public Utilities Commission.

### Later life

In 1889, Carpenter purchased the Placerville Mountain Democrat, a newspaper, alongside George E. Williams and became the sole owner in 1891. Carpenter's son died in 1902, and Carpenter himself died in 1910 in Placerville.
# Absolution (disambiguation)

Absolution is the forgiveness experienced in traditional Christian churches in the sacrament of reconciliation (confession).
Absolution may also refer to:

## Music

* Absolution (album), a 2003 album by the English band Muse
* Absolution of the dead, part of the traditional Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox funeral liturgy
* "Absolution", a bonus song by Megadeth from the 1994 album Youthanasia
* "Absolution", a song by The Pretty Reckless from the 2014 album Going to Hell
* "Absolution", a song by Ghost from the 2015 album Meliora

## Drama

* Absolution (1978 film), thriller directed by Anthony Page
* Absolution (2015 film), a Romanian-American crime film directed by Keoni Waxman
* Absolution (2024 film), a 2024 American film starring Liam Neeson
* Absolution (Revenge), an episode of the American TV series Revenge
* Absolution, a 2002 play starring Brennan Brown
* Absolution (audio drama), a 2007 Big Finish Productions audio drama

## Literature

* "Absolution" (short story), a 1924 short story from the collection All the Sad Young Men by F. Scott Fitzgerald
* Absolution (Olafsson novel), a 1994 novel by Olaf Olafsson
* Absolution (VanderMeer novel), a 2024 novel by Jeff VanderMeer
* Absolution (comics), written and created by Christos Gage with art by Roberto Viacava

## Other uses

* Hitman: Absolution, a 2012 video game by IO Interactive
* Absolution (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.), 2016
* Absolution (professional wrestling), a stable consisting of Paige, Mandy Rose, and Sonya Deville
# The Majesty Demos

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Majesty Demos is the first demo album by American progressive metal band Dream Theater, under their original name, Majesty. The original 1986 tape contained six tracks that were recorded on Mike Portnoy's analog 4-track recorder and another 4-track recorder obtained from friends at Berklee College of Music. All the band members were about 19 years old at the time of the recording. Only 1,000 copies were produced on cassette tape and distributed to fans and rock and metal magazines. Portnoy gave one copy to Jim Matheos of Fates Warning, a move that was instrumental in the band's entry into the progressive rock scene. The line-up on the initial recording was keyboardist Kevin Moore, bassist John Myung, guitarist John Petrucci, and drummer Mike Portnoy. Chris Collins, the band's singer at the time, had been introduced to the band after a friend heard a demo of him singing a note-for-note version of Queensrÿche's "Queen of the Reich".
Seventeen tracks were released by YtseJam Records under the title The Berklee Demos and were recorded earlier by Portnoy, Petrucci, and Myung at Berklee. These tracks are instrumental. Tracks 11–17 are seven guitar miniatures, recorded by Petrucci and Portnoy late one night to demonstrate double-tracking the guitar. The songs on The Berklee Demos do not include keyboards, except for the cover of Rush's "YYZ," on which Portnoy plays keyboards. These recordings include versions of "Another Won," "Two Far," and "Your Majesty," which would all later appear on The Majesty Demos, though originally they were instrumentals without keyboards. For this reason, these three songs appear twice on the YtseJam Records re-release, as the CD is a combination of The Berklee Demos and The Majesty Demos.

## Personnel

* Chris Collins – lead vocals on tracks 18–23
* Kevin Moore – keyboards on tracks 18–23
* John Myung – bass
* John Petrucci – guitars
* Mike Portnoy – drums; keyboards on track 6
# Wharf Theater

36°36′18.7″N 121°53′32.48″W﻿ / ﻿36.605194°N 121.8923556°W﻿ / 36.605194; -121.8923556
The Bruce Ariss Wharf Theater is a musical theater located in Monterey, California. It began its history after World War II when Bruce Ariss, an artist and friend of John Steinbeck, returned to the city of Monterey after working with his father's construction company.

## History

Friend Yanko Varda introduced Bruce Ariss to Angelo Di Girolamo whose brother had originally proposed the idea of a theatre on Fisherman's Wharf. Along with Dan Totheroh and Kenn Smith the group located financial backing from two sisters, Virginia and Barbara Blair, who also found the location for the new theatre on the wharf.
Opening night was May 18, 1950, with a production of "Happy Birthday". Ariss designed and built the set. In 1951 Kenn Smith leased the theater to "The Wharf Players, Inc". One of their presentations that year was Bruce Ariss' "Point of Departure". The production was successful enough that MGM brought Ariss to Hollywood, where he worked for the following 5 years.
The theatre expanded and changed hands through the mid to late 1950s. Tom Brock and his partner Bob Carson produced and directed plays there until December 1959. On December 31, 1959, the Wharf Theater was destroyed by a fire, which broke out at 1:31 am.

## The Old Monterey Opera House

In 1960 the theater re-opened with an Equity agreement in a newly refurbished location a few blocks from the wharf. Formerly "The Monterey Theater", home of the city's legitimate theatre from 1905 to 1930 and later a movie theater, its first production was "West Side Story." Brock and Carson continued producing shows that featured local talent as well as established theatrical names such as John Kerr, Joe E. Brown, Ethel Waters, Patricia Morison, Anthony Dexter, Charles Coburn, Jack Carson, Jack Kelly, Marsha Hunt, Gypsy Rose Lee, Zasu Pitts and Dame Judith Anderson. In 1963 it was renamed "The Old Monterey Opera House", and continued until the mid-1960s when redevelopment and urban renewal leveled the location.
After several years the idea of a new Wharf Theater gained momentum again with both Angelo Di Girolamo and Bruce Ariss. The new theatre proposed by Di Girolamo would be on Fisherman's Wharf again, located on a site he owned across from his restaurant. Although originally too small for a theater, the location was enlarged with the purchase of three barracks buildings by Ariss and their use as building material.
The new theatre complex would have an art gallery and an office off the main lobby while on the first floor there would be room for shops. On December 3, 1976, The new Wharf Theater opened its doors with a production of Guys and Dolls.
Ariss died in September 1994 at the age of 82 and Di Girolamo died on September 21, 2014, at the age of 93. Today, the Wharf Theatre is under the management of Stacy Meheen, and continues to produce theatrical shows and serves as a venue for concerts and events. In the summer of 2018, the Wharf Theater produced a very successful production of the musical Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street.
# Leonard W. Buck

Leonard W. Buck (July 8, 1834 - June 4, 1895) was an American businessman, rancher and politician.

## Early life

Leonard W. Buck was born on July 8, 1834, in Trenton, New York. He was raised on a farm and educated at the Courtland Academy in Homer, New York. During the American Civil War, he served as a Lieutenant in Company H, 175th New York Infantry Regiment from 1862 to 1863. Buck eventually resigned the military in February 1863 due to poor health.

## Career

Buck was a salesman of hardware goods in Clinton, Iowa from 1865 to 1873. He lost "all he processed" during the financial panic of 1873.
Buck established a 166-acre ranch from a plot of land known as Weldon Rancho in Vacaville, California in 1874. He also established a ranch in Lodi, California (400 acres purchased from B.F. Langford in 1887). He grew fruit, especially tokay grapes and peaches. Buck pioneered the fruit shipping industry and is credited with sending California fruit to east coast markets. He is also credited with bringing the Decker Peach to the northern California region.
In 1882, Buck announced his candidacy for State Senate. His opponent, Jonathan M. Dudley, was originally declared the winner. However, Buck was ultimately declared the winner after an investigation found voting irregularities in Vallejo. Buck served in the California State Senate from 1883 to 1885. He founded the California Fruit Union in 1885 (disbanded in 1894) and served as Vice President of the California State Board of Horticulture. Additionally, he served on the board of directors of the Bank of Vacaville.
In a 1888 interview with the Napa County Reporter, Buck expressed his displeasure with the U.S. Treasury’s monetary tightening. He proposed two solutions – reduce import duties or abolish the whisky tax. He was quoted, “people of the United States will never tolerate taking the tax of whisky…”. Several decades later, his grandson, Senator Frank H. Buck, became a main figure in the fight against abolition and lowering taxes on domestic alcohol.

## Personal life

Buck married Anna M. Bellows on September 10, 1856. They had two sons: Frank H. Buck and Fred M. Buck, and three daughters, Mrs. J. B. Corey, Emma L. Buck and Anna M. Buck. They resided at 929 Adeline Street in Oakland, California from 1887 onward.
Buck was a Freemason, and he served as the master of the Vacaville lodge in 1884. He often used the pen name "Nel" (Len spelled backwards) in personal writings. Emma Buck and Mrs. Bellows sustained bruising after they were accidentally thrown from a horse and buggy in 1880.

## Death

Buck was accidentally thrown from a horse and buggy on June 3, 1895, at the intersection of 12th Street and Castro Street in Oakland, California. He suffered a fractured skull in the accident and died of a cerebral hemorrhage the next day at his home in Oakland, California. He was buried at the Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland. By the time of his death, he was worth an estimated US$300,000.
# Truman Hart

Truman Hart (December 9, 1784 Farmington, Hartford County, Connecticut - February 7, 1838 Palmyra, Wayne County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Life

He was the son of Thomas Hart (b. 1749), President of the Hamilton-Oneida Academy and assemblyman in 1806, and Mary (Hungerford) Hart (1751–1823). In 1812, he married Susan Carpenter (1795–1875), and they had five children, among them Abbie Louisa Hart (1814–1840) who married Congressman Theron R. Strong.
Truman Hart was a member of the New York State Assembly (Ontario Co.) in 1820-21.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (7th D.) from 1826 to 1829, sitting in the 49th, 50th, 51st and 52nd New York State Legislatures.
He was buried at Mount Hope Cemetery, Rochester.
Congressman Roswell Hart was his nephew. State Senator Ephraim Hart was his brother.

## Sources

* The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 126ff, 141, 197 and 279; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)
* Hart genealogy at RootsWeb
* Hart family at Political Graveyard
# Carlos Marryatt

Carlos Marryatt (born 11 October 1968) is a New Zealand cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Buddhism in Libya

According to Libya's 2007 census, Libya has more than 15,010 workers from Sri Lanka and other Buddhist countries (about 12,000 Koreans and more than 2,000 citizens from China) which made up about 0.3% of total population of Libya. As a result, Libya has one of highest proportions of Buddhists in North Africa despite there not being any Buddhist pagodas or temples.[citation needed]
Theravada Buddhists make up two thirds and are primarily Sinhalese while the remaining third follow East Asian Buddhism and are Korean or Chinese nationals.

## History

Hegesias of Cyrene was a philosopher of the Cyrenaic school around 290 BC. It has been thought by some that Hegesias was influenced by Greco-Buddhism.
# Dov Nisman

Dov Nisman (דב ניסמן; born July 22, 1954) is an Israeli former Olympic swimmer.

## Early life

Nisman was born in Israel, and is Jewish. He grew up on a kibbutz in the Upper Galilee in Israel. He later attended Youngstown State University. Subsequently, for decades he was the owner of Applied Laser Technologies, in Cleveland, Ohio, and was a resident of Beachwood, Ohio.

## Swimming career

Nisman competed for Israel at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, at the age of 21. In the Men's 400 metre Individual Medley he came in 6th in Heat 4 with a time of 4:47.13.
Swimming for Youngstown State in 1979 at the NCAA Men's Division II Swimming and Diving Championships, he came in 5th in the 200 yard race.
Representing Israel in 2015 at the 16th FINA World Masters Championships in Kazan, Russia, he won gold medals in the 200-meter and 400-meter medley, and silver medals in the 200-meter butterfly and 800-meter freestyle.

## Later life

After he retired, Nisman moved back to Israel.
# Andrew Byrd

Andrew Byrd (born July 15, 1982) is an American politician who served in the West Virginia House of Delegates from the 35th district 2014 to 2021.
In July 2020 he was elected second vice chairman of the West Virginia Democratic Party. The term is two years long.
# Mohamed Samadi

Mohamed Aziz Samadi (Arabic: محمد عزيز الصمدي; born 21 March 1970) is a Moroccan football coach and former player.

## Playing career

Born in Rabat, Samadi played as a midfielder for FAR Rabat and at international level for Morocco, competing at the 1992 Summer Olympics and 1994 FIFA World Cup.

## Coaching career

In 2023, he coached FAR Rabat, the team where he spent the majority of his career.
# Michael F. Skerry

Michael Francis Skerry (January 3, 1909 – September 28, 1989) was a Massachusetts legislator; he served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives for six terms, from 1941–1957, and was the speaker from 1955 to 1957. Skerry served as delegate from the 8th District of Middlesex County to the Democratic National Convention from Massachusetts in 1944 and again in 1956. Michael Skerry began his political career in 1936 when he was elected to the Medford Board of Aldermen, representing Ward 1 for four years. After leaving the Massachusetts Legislature, Skerry served as clerk of the Malden District Court from 1957 to 1978. Michael Skerry died on September 30, 1989.
The personal papers of Michael Skerry which document his career in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1955–1959 are contained in the John F. Kennedy Library National Archives and Records Administration, Boston Massachusetts.