OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Attalus (general)

Attalus (Greek: Ἄτταλος; c. 390 BC – 336 BC), a Macedonian from Lower Macedonia, was an important courtier and soldier of Philip II of Macedonia.

## Family connections to Philip II of Macedon

Attalus was born in Lower Macedonia in 390 BC.
In 338 BC, Attalus's adopted niece Cleopatra Eurydice married king Philip II of Macedonia. It is said that at the wedding, Attalus made a prayer that Cleopatra may give birth to a legitimate male heir to Philip. This was seen as a direct insult to Alexander the Great.
In the spring of 336 BC, Philip II appointed Attalus and Parmenion as commanders of the advance force that would invade the Persian Empire in Asia Minor.

## Revenge-rape of Pausanias of Orestis

According to a story of Aristotle's, lengthened by Cleitarchus and Diodorus Siculus, Attalus sexually assaulted Pausanias of Orestis in retribution for besmirching the reputation of Attalus's friend (possibly relation), also named Pausanias, an event that led to the death of Pausanias, the beloved of Philip, while attempting to prove his honour after public humiliation by Pausanias of Orestis.
Philip II of Macedon's later assassination by Pausanias of Orestis has been tied to this affair as Pausanias of Orestis was upset that Phillip had not punished Attalus.

## Execution by Alexander

After Philip II had been assassinated and Alexander became king (October 336 BC), his adopted niece Cleopatra Eurydice and her two children were all killed (Cleopatra Eurydice may have died by her own hand after the murders of her children).
At the time of the assassination of Phillip and accession of Alexander the Great to the Macedonian throne, Attalus was stationed with Parmenion and the Macedonian advance army in Asia Minor. In the wake of Phillip II's death, it is alleged by hostile sources that Demosthenes of Athens wrote a letter to Attalus promising Athens' support if the two made war on Alexander. Attalus submitted Demosthenes' letters to Alexander and pledged his support to the king.
Despite Attalus attempting to appease him, Alexander had sent an officer to Asia Minor to either kill or arrest Attalus. Even without the resentment between the two men that had occurred after the marriage of Cleopatra Eurydice, Alexander probably felt Attalus was too ambitious and popular with the Asian forces to remain alive, and would have good reason for revenge after the deaths of Cleopatra Eurydice and her children. Attalus was executed in 336 BC.

## In popular media

* In the 1956 Richard Burton film Alexander the Great, he was played by Stanley Baker.
* In the 1990 and 1991 historical fiction books Lion of Macedon and Dark Prince by David Gemmell. Attalus is portrayed as an assassin, swordsman and later general of Philip II of Macedonia.
* In the 2004 film Alexander, Attalus was portrayed by actor Nick Dunning.
* In the 2024 Netflix miniseries Alexander: The Making of a God, Attalus was portrayed by actor James Oliver Wheatley.
# Rousseau Range

The Rousseau Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just north of the Peabody Mountains. It has an area of 264 km$^2$ and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. The range is located entirely within Misty Fjords National Monument.
It was possibly named for General Lovell H. Rousseau, who accepted the territory of Alaska for the United States in 1867, in a ceremony with Russian representatives at Sitka.
It is near Halibut Bay, Tombstone Bay, Astronomical Point, Blunt Point, Breezy Point, Halibut Point, Petrel Point, River Point, Steep Point, Turn Point and other notable geographic wonders.
# Military Medical Academy (Bulgaria)

The Military Medical Academy (MMA; Bulgarian: Военномедицинска академия, ВМА, romanized: Voennomeditsinska akademiya, VMA) of Sofia is a large complex for medical treatment, as well as education, located in Sofia, Bulgaria.
The Academy has several branches and smaller clinics in other cities in the country.
It was established on 1 December 1891 as a military hospital and was transformed into a Higher Military Medical Institute (HMMI, Висш военномедицински институт, ВВМИ) in 1960.
The current structure dates from 1989, when the HMMI was unified with the main Government hospital in Sofia, the Navy hospital in Varna, the Military hospital in Plovdiv, the Aero-medical research institute in Sofia. Medical doctors and specialists from the MMA are employed in military formations.
* This article about a hospital in Europe is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Terence Macaig

Terence D. Macaig (born October 23, 1938) is an American politician in the state of Vermont. He is a member of the Vermont House of Representatives, sitting as a Democrat from the Chittenden-2 district, having been first elected in 2008.
# Carl Rosenquist

Carl J. Rosenquist (born March 5, 1943) is an American politician in the state of Vermont. He is a member of the Vermont House of Representatives, sitting as a Republican from the Franklin-1 district, having been first elected in 2015.
# Michael Southworth

Michael Southworth is an American politician. He is the member-elect for the Caledonia-2 district of the Vermont House of Representatives.
# David Yacovone

David Yacovone (born March 12, 1954) is an American politician who has served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 2017 to 2023.
# Hal Colston

Hal Colston is an American Democratic politician who represented Chittenden-6-7 district in the Vermont House of Representatives from 2019 until 2023. He retired from the house before the 2022 Vermont House of Representatives election.
# Grande Cache Institution

Grande Cache Institution is a medium security prison located in Grande Cache, Alberta.

## History

The facility was opened in 1985 and operated by the province of Alberta (Correctional Services of the Ministry of Solicitor General and Public Security) as the Grande Cache Correctional Centre until 1995. At that time, Correctional Service of Canada took possession of the property under a long-term lease from the province. The lease was renewed in 2018.
While operated by the province of Alberta, the facility housed a Special Housing Unit.
As a federal institution, it was previously operated as a minimum security prison. However, it was converted to medium security in 2009/2010.
In September of 2022, and again in January of 2024, substantial amounts of contraband were seized in the facility.
Nicolas Hovanesian and Mohammed Karim filed complaints of discrimination in 2015 against the institution.
# Nigel MacArthur

Nigel MacArthur, also known as Stuart Russell and Nigel Harris, is a freelance broadcaster in Kent on Radio Caroline, EKR and KMFM.

## Career

MacArthur's first job was at the offshore station Radio Caroline in the late seventies, under the "Stuart Russell" moniker. The radioship, the Mi Amigo, sank in a storm in 1980 putting the station off the air for several years. He returned in 1984 aboard the station's new ship, the Ross Revenge, and adopted the name "Nigel Harris" a few years later. Like most Caroline DJs at the time he used an alias to ensure anonymity.
He was on board the Ross Revenge for the collapse of its famous 300-foot-tall (91 m) mast in a 1987 storm, and was filming inside the ship as the event took place. He was also there for the illegal British / Dutch raid which silenced the station for a while in 1989. He was appointed programme controller in 1989 and was the last person to hold this position whilst Radio Caroline was at sea.
He worked on the Voice of peace in Israel in the early nineties before going to Invicta FM in 1992. There followed work at Essex FM and satellite station EKR. In 1995 he was involved in Cruise FM, an RSL station in Sittingbourne and Swale which broadcast on 107.6 and today Nigel continues his Radio Caroline connections broadcasting from studios in Medway. He currently works for one of Kent's major broadcasters, KMFM, previously hosting the weekend breakfast show on KMFM Canterbury and the Sunday afternoon show on KMFM Shepway and White Cliffs Country.

## Choir activities

MacArthur attended St Edmund's School in Canterbury, Kent where he studied organ under John Brough and is Organist at St Michael's Church in Sittingbourne, Kent and plays for all the major services in church. Concerts and recitals take place in St Michael's Church throughout the year with the Canterbury Cathedral choir visiting in the summer of 2006. The St Michael's Choir and organists visit other churches to sing Evensong including several visits to Rochester Cathedral.

## Publications

MacArthur has recently written a book, Ships in Troubled Waters, (ISBN 978-0-9563996-0-1) which details his life at boarding school and on several offshore radio stations, including Radio Caroline, the Voice of Peace and the offshore Radio Paradise.
# Moussa Sidi Bagayoko

Moussa Sidi Bagayoko (born 31 December 1983) is a Mauritanian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Concorde and the Mauritania national team.

## International career

Bagayoko made his debut for Mauritania on 3 September 2006 against Botswana.

## Career statistics
### International

Statistics accurate as of match played 13 January 2018
Mauritania national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2006 | 2 | 0 |
| 2012 | 1 | 0 |
| 2013 | 1 | 0 |
| 2014 | 10 | 0 |
| 2015 | 6 | 0 |
| 2017 | 6 | 0 |
| 2018 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 27 | 0 |

## Honours

* Ligue 1 Mauritania: winner (2016–17)
# Meredith Yayanos

Meredith Anne Yayanos is a California-based violinist, vocalist and thereminist. Her work has been featured on tracks with artists including The Dresden Dolls, The Vanity Set, Revue Noir, David Garland and The Walkmen. Since 2021, Yayanos is a member of the feminist black metal band Feminazgûl.
Yayanos was a contributing artist to the comic book project 9-11: Emergency Relief, created to benefit the American Red Cross in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks. She is also the inspiration for a comic book character named Melanctha, appearing in the 21st issue of Planetary by Warren Ellis and John Cassaday.
She is also a photographer with a portfolio on flickr featuring fellow artists, New York scenery, and personal photos. She is a founding member of the alternative magazine Coilhouse.

## Discography

The following is a partial list of albums featuring Yayanos:
* 2001 – Raz Mesinai: Before the Law
* 2002 – Kings County Queens: Big Ideas
* 2002 – Love Life: Here Is Night, Brothers, Here the Birds Burn
* 2002 – The Vanity Set: Little Stabs at Happiness
* 2002 – The Walkmen: Everyone Who Pretended to Like Me Is Gone
* 2002 – Thomas Truax: Full Moon Over Wowtown
* 2003 – Piñataland: Songs From the Forgotten Future
* 2003 – David Garland: On the Other Side of the Window
* 2003 – Mike "Sport" Murphy: Uncle
* 2004 – Aaron English Band: All the Waters of This World
* 2004 – Barbez: Barbez
* 2004 – The Dresden Dolls: A Is for Accident
* 2004 – White Hassle: The Death of Song
* 2005 – Dame Darcy: Dame Darcy's Greatest Hits
* 2005 – Amiel: Accidents By Design
* 2005 – Botanica: Botanica vs. the Truth Fish
* 2005 – Parker and Lily: The Low Lows
* 2005 – Thomas Traux: Audio Addiction
* 2005 – Revue Noir: Projekt Presents: A Dark Cabaret
* 2006 – Various Artists: Brainwaves (song: "The Lovers" with Amanda Palmer
* 2008 – Faun Fables : A Table Forgotten
* 2009 – Elegi: Varde
* 2009 – Beats Antique: Contraption (EP Vol. 1)
* 2012 – Stolen Babies : "Naught" (song "Behind the Days")
* 2020 – Feminazgûl: No Dawn For Men
* 2021 – Feminazgûl: A Mallacht
# Barry Pullen

Barry Thomas Pullen (1 November 1939 − 26 June 2024) was an Australian politician. He was a minister in the Cain and Kirner Labor Victorian State Governments, and held the Legislative Council seat of Melbourne in the Victorian Parliament from 1982 to 1999.

## Early life

Pullen was born in 1939 in Melbourne, Victoria to parents Thomas Pullen, a fibrous plasterer, and Ellen Roderick. He married Margaret Ackerly, and they had three daughters. Pullen attended Moreland State School, Moreland Central School, Coburg High School. He studied at University of Melbourne and RMIT to become a civil engineer.

## Political career

Pullen joined the Labor Party in 1968 as a member of the Socialist Left faction.
He was a founding member of the Fitzroy Residents Association and Fitzroy city councillor 1972–1976. He was very active in campaigning against the high rise Housing Commission of Victoria flats being built in the 1950s and 1960s. He was employed as survey assistant, draftsman, technical officer, civil engineer and then Victorian director of Department of Environment, Housing and Community Development, before being elected to the Victorian Parliament in 1982.
Pullen was Minister for Housing and Construction from 1988 to 1990. Additionally, he was appointed Minister for Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Minister for the Arts in 1989. In 1990, he became Minister for Education, then Minister for Education and Training in 1991, as well as Minister for Conservation and Environment in 1992.
After the loss by Labor at the state election of 1992, Pullen became shadow Minister for Natural Resources and Shadow Minister for Conservation and Environment. Later, he served as shadow Minister for Conservation and Resource Management from 1993 to 1994, and shadow Minister for Environment from 1994 to 1996. He retired from Parliament in 1999, but remained active in the local community and the Australian Labor Party.

## Death

Pullen died on 26 June 2024, at the age of 84.
# Kemp Strickler

Kemp Strickler is an American politician serving as a Democratic member of the Missouri House of Representatives, representing the state's 34th House district.

## Early life

Strickler was born and raised in Kansas City, Missouri.

## Career

Before becoming a legislator, Strickler worked as a data analyst.
# Waheeda Malullah

Waheeda Malullah (born August 19, 1978) is a Bahraini video and installation artist, photographer, and painter.
Waheeda Malullah was born on August 19, 1978 in Al-Muharraq. She graduated from the Regional Institute for Advertising and Marketing in 2002 with a degree in graphic design.
Much of her work explores gender roles in the Islamic world. In her installation Stopped Ball (2003) and her video Play! (2005), she inserts herself into games of the traditionally male sport of football. Women's hair is the subject of her With All Due Respect (2007) and Combing Hair (2008). Her work A Villager's Day Out (2008), which features photographs of a woman in a black abaya waking around Manama, explores themes of modernization and culture shock. It was included in Bahrain's pavilion at the 2013 Venice Biennale. In 2010, she returned to painting, producing colorful expressionist canvases. In 2016, she had a retrospective at the Bin Matar House in Muharraq.
# 1996 in Kerala

Events in the year 1996 in Kerala.

## Incumbents

Governors of Kerala -
* P. Shiv Shankar till April.
* Khurshed Alam Khan since May.
Chief ministers of Kerala –
* A.K. Antony till May 9.
* E.K. Nayanar from May 20.

## Events

* 16 January - Suryanelli rape case
* 24 January - Kerala Legislative Assembly equivocally passed Kerala Scheduled Tribes (Restriction on Transfer of Lands and Restoration of Alienated Lands) Act which legalised all Adivasi land transactions till date.
* 1 April - AK Antony government bans Arrack in Kerala and shuts down 5600 country liquor shops.
* 14 May - An accident in an unmanned Level crossing claims 35 lives in Cheppad.
* 29 July - Valiyapalam Bridge on Main Eastern Highway at Ranni collapsed.
* 17 August - EK Nayanar government begins implementation of People's Planning in Kerala, which effectively decentralize nearly 35% of state budget to Local self government bodies.
* 17 September - The first Mobile phone conversation in Kerala taken place at Ernakulam between Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai and Vice Admiral AR Tandon on an Escotel mobile network.
* 4 October - A pro-maoist outfit named Ayyankali Pada kept District magistrate of Palakkad district in hostage using fake weapons to protest against Kerala Scheduled Tribes (Restriction on Transfer of Lands and Restoration of Alienated Lands) Act.
* 8 November - Kerala's first Bailey bridge opened in Ranni as a makeshift arrangement.

### Dates unknown

* The first edition of International Film Festival of Kerala held in Kozhikode to commemorate 100th anniversary of Filmmaking.

## Deaths

* 23 September - Silk Smitha, 36, actress.
# Q-exponential distribution

The q-exponential distribution is a probability distribution arising from the maximization of the Tsallis entropy under appropriate constraints, including constraining the domain to be positive. It is one example of a Tsallis distribution. The q-exponential is a generalization of the exponential distribution in the same way that Tsallis entropy is a generalization of standard Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy or Shannon entropy. The exponential distribution is recovered as $q\rightarrow 1.$
Originally proposed by the statisticians George Box and David Cox in 1964, and known as the reverse Box–Cox transformation for $q=1-\lambda ,$ a particular case of power transform in statistics.

## Characterization
### Probability density function

The q-exponential distribution has the probability density function
    $(2-q)\lambda e_{q}(-\lambda x)$
where
    $e_{q}(x)=[1+(1-q)x]^{1/(1-q)}$
is the q-exponential if q ≠ 1. When q = 1, e$_q$(x) is just exp(x).

## Derivation

In a similar procedure to how the exponential distribution can be derived (using the standard Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy or Shannon entropy and constraining the domain of the variable to be positive), the q-exponential distribution can be derived from a maximization of the Tsallis Entropy subject to the appropriate constraints.

## Relationship to other distributions

The q-exponential is a special case of the generalized Pareto distribution where
    $\mu =0,\quad \xi ={\frac {q-1}{2-q}},\quad \sigma ={\frac {1}{\lambda (2-q)}}.$
The q-exponential is the generalization of the Lomax distribution (Pareto Type II), as it extends this distribution to the cases of finite support. The Lomax parameters are:
    $\alpha ={\frac {2-q}{q-1}},\quad \lambda _{\mathrm {Lomax} }={\frac {1}{\lambda (q-1)}}.$
As the Lomax distribution is a shifted version of the Pareto distribution, the q-exponential is a shifted reparameterized generalization of the Pareto. When q > 1, the q-exponential is equivalent to the Pareto shifted to have support starting at zero. Specifically, if
    $X\sim \operatorname {{\mathit {q}}-Exp} (q,\lambda ){\text{ and }}Y\sim \left[\operatorname {Pareto} \left(x_{m}={\frac {1}{\lambda (q-1)}},\alpha ={\frac {2-q}{q-1}}\right)-x_{m}\right],$
then $X\sim Y.$

## Generating random deviates

Random deviates can be drawn using inverse transform sampling. Given a variable U that is uniformly distributed on the interval (0,1), then
    $X={\frac {-q'\ln _{q'}(U)}{\lambda }}\sim \operatorname {{\mathit {q}}-Exp} (q,\lambda )$
where $\ln _{q'}$ is the q-logarithm and $q'={\frac {1}{2-q}}.$

## Applications

Being a power transform, it is a usual technique in statistics for stabilizing the variance, making the data more normal distribution-like and improving the validity of measures of association such as the Pearson correlation between variables. It has been found to be an accurate model for train delays. It is also found in atomic physics and quantum optics, for example processes of molecular condensate creation via transition through the Feshbach resonance.
# LeRoy and Pictet

LeRoy and Pictet was a co-operative company which recruited Germans to settle in Russia in the 18th century, under commission by Tsarina Catherine the Great.
The company was formed by LeRoy, a Frenchman, Pictet, a Swiss from Geneva, and Sonntag, a German. There were two other corporations active in the field of recruiting settlers to Russia, one formed by the Frenchman Baron Caneu de Beauregard with Major Otto Friedrich of Monjou and the other, with no independent funding, by Jean de Boffe, Meusnier de Precour, and Quentin Benjamin Coulhette d'Hautervive.
To settlers wearied by wars and economic crises, Catherine promised freedom of religion, exemptions from taxes and military service, and the right to dispose of their land as they wished. Thousands of German craftsmen and farmers responded to these recruitment efforts and founded 103 German villages on both sides of the Volga; they are thus known as the Volga Germans. Le Roy and Pictet established 25 colonies comprising 1,530 families with 5,339 people, along the Volga south of Saratov and to the east on its left tributaries the Karaman and Tarlyk, for example the colony of Lauwe, now Yablonovka, founded as a Lutheran colony on 19 August 1767. Le Roy and Pictet later became managers of the colonies.
# The 108 Journey

The 108 Journey is a 2021 Canadian documentary film directed by Hugo Rozon and Mathieu Perrault Lapierre. The film centres on a trip to India and Nepal which Rozon took in 2019 as a journey of self-reflection following his diagnosis with bipolar disorder.
The film's title is a reference to the spiritual significance of the number 108 in Eastern religious traditions such as Hinduism and Buddhism.
The film premiered on January 28, 2021, on a dedicated online streaming platform, and was screened theatrically at various film festivals.
Mathieu Perrault Lapierre received two Prix Iris nominations at the 23rd Quebec Cinema Awards, for Best Cinematography in a Documentary and Best Original Music in a Documentary.
Rozon subsequently created Comme des papillons, a documentary series in which eight Quebec celebrities talk about their own mental health journeys.
# Aape Pein Siyaape

Aape Pein Siyaape is a 2021 Indian Punjabi-language film, written and directed by Sharhaan Singh. The film stars Rajesh Sharma, Aditi Aarya and Sharhaan Singh in lead roles.

## Synopsis

Three boys- Bunny Singh Dhillon, Mithu Sekoon, and Varinder Bagga- try to sort out their issues in life. Bunny is generally unhappy in life, Lakhwinder wishes to marry Simmy Singh, and Varinder wants to become a Punjabi actor. Unfortunately, due to a lack of money, they all have to resort to crime to get by.

## Cast

* Rajesh Sharma as Sardar Ji
* Aditi Aarya as Simmy Singh
* Amandeep Singh as Varinder Bagga
* Sharhaan Singh as Bunny Singh Dhillon
* Lakha Lakhwinder Singh as Mithu Sekoon
* Sabby Suri
* Ravi Aneja
* Aman Kotish

## Filming

The film is mostly shot in Chandigarh, Punjabi and Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

## Soundtrack

The music of the film is composed by Gurcharan Singh and sung by Ab Bobby.
# Changement Intégrité pour notre Québec

Changement Intégrité pour notre Québec (French pronunciation:, CINQ) is a minor political party in the Canadian province of Quebec founded in October 2016. Its stated mission includes working for equality between men and women, promoting transparency and democratic accountability, and "stopping the transfer of wealth from the middle to the 'upper' class". The party's proposals include efforts to counter corruption and political interference in the judiciary, and massive investments in education and healthcare.
The party was among several prevented from running candidates who wore hijabs by a Chief Electoral Officer of Quebec requirement to submit an official photo of each candidate with an uncovered head. In 2016, it ran Shirley Cedent and Eric Emond for deputy of Marie-Victorin and Saint-Jérôme respectively; they received 0.25% and 0.2% of the vote.

## Election results

| General election | # of candidates | # of elected candidates | % of popular vote |
| 2018 | 7 | 0 | 0.02% |
# Power Chords (album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AnyDecentMusic? | 71/10 |
| Metacritic | 73/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The 405 | 6.5/10 |
| AllMusic | |
| Exclaim! | 8/10 |
| Paste | 7.5/10 |
| Pitchfork | 7.8/10 |
| Under the Radar | 7/10 |
Power Chords is the fourth studio album by American singer-songwriter Mike Krol. It was released on January 25, 2019, through Merge Records.