OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# General Command of Maynas

The General Command of Maynas was a governorate and general command of the Spanish Empire that existed from 1802 to 1822. It replaced the governorates of Quijos and Maynas, excluding the latter's village of Papallacta.

## History

The territory was created through the real cédula of July 15, 1802, which transferred the governorates of Maynas and Quijos (excluding the village of Papallacta) into the Viceroyalty of Peru. It was incorporated into the Protectorate of Peru as a department with the name of Quijos and Maynas following a war for the territory's independence that lasted from 1821 to 1822, during the Spanish American wars of independence. The aforementioned department was ultimately incorporated into the Department of Trujillo in 1825.
After the wars of independence in Ecuador and Peru, the zone became extremely relevant for both countries, as it was a main focus of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute, which escalated in 1941 as the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War and continued to a lesser extent with skirmishes in 1995 and in 1998, the latter leading to the signing of the Brasilia Presidential Act in 1998. Additionally, it was also a focus of the territorial dispute between Colombia and Peru that escalated in 1933 with the Colombia–Peru War which concluded with the signing of the Rio Protocol the following year.

## Areas that belonged to Maynas
### Peru

* Department of Loreto, Peru
* Department of Ucayali, Peru
* Department of San Martín, Peru
# Secret Atlas

Secret Atlas is a British expedition cruise company, founded in 2019 by Michele D'Agostino and Andy Marsh. The company specializes in expedition micro cruise, photography expeditions and private charters for small groups to the Arctic and Antarctic.

## History

Secret Atlas was established in 2019 by Michele D'Agostino. The objective was to share the passion for exploration of the polar regions through "expedition micro cruises", with only 12 guests for Arctic expeditions.
Initially, Secret Atlas operated in the Svalbard archipelago, chartering available vessels. In 2020, the company became a provisional member of the Association of Arctic Expedition Cruise Operators (AECO). In 2022, Secret Atlas introduced the MV Vikingfjord, a completely refurbished, ice-strengthened former buoy-laying vessel, which began Arctic operations in Svalbard in 2023. The company also joined the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO).
Secret Atlas became the first affiliate of the Polar Tourism Guide Association and joined the Expedition Cruise Network.
In early 2023, polar explorer Mariano Curiel joined the company as partner and head of operations and sustainability, contributing over 200 polar expeditions of experience.
In 2024, Secret Atlas designed its first Expedition Micro Cruises to Antarctica and South Georgia and expanded operations to East Greenland, focusing on Scoresby Sund. The company also added the MV Freya to its fleet, with an exclusive commercial agreement.

## Environmental commitment

Secret Atlas uses eco-friendly technologies, offsets carbon emissions, and adheres to sustainability guidelines set by AECO and IAATO. The company partners with organizations such as 1% for the Planet and supports marine biology research through programs like Yachts for Science.

## Polar fleet

| Name | Year | Shipyard | Capacity | Rating | Notes |
| MV Vikingfjord (formerly Hekkingen) | 1974 (Retrofitted 2013) | Simek AS | 12 | 1B | |
| MV Freya (formerly Freya AV, Skattegarde, Fyrbjorn) | 1981 (Refurbished 2015, Renovated 2024) | ASI Verkstads, Amal, Sweden | 12 | 1A | |
# Tafadzwa Rusike

Tafadzwa Rusike (born 7 May 1989 in Harare) is a Zimbabwean professional footballer, who plays as a winger for ZESCO United.

## Club career
### CAPS United F.C.

Tafadzwa Rusike made his professional debut in the Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League for CAPS United F.C., signing with the club in January 2008, and finishing the 2007–08 season, Tafadzwa Rusike played for CAPS for the next two seasons, before transferring to the South African club Ajax Cape Town.

### Ajax Cape Town

Tafadzwa Rusike made his professional debut in the South African PSL for Ajax Cape Town on 27 August 2010 in a 2–0 win against Bloemfontein Celtic at Green Point Stadium in Cape Town. He was acquired by Ajax Cape Town in the summer of 2010 as a transfer from Zimbabwean club CAPS United F.C. Rusike was joined at Ajax by CAPS club mate Khama Billiat, who had also transferred to the Cape club in the off-season. He played for three seasons with the team, and departed the Urban Warriors at the end of the 2012-13 season.

### Dynamos

Tafadzwa Rusike has sign for Dynamos.

## International career
### International goals

    Scores and results list Zimbabwe's goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 3 March 2010 | National Sports Stadium, Harare, Zimbabwe | Malawi | 2–1 | 2–1 | Friendly |
| 2. | 7 June 2019 | Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban, South Africa | Lesotho | 1–0 | 2–2 (5–4 p) | 2019 COSAFA Cup |

## Honours
### Club
#### Ajax Cape Town

* 2010 Telkom Knockout: Finalist
# Atte Sihvonen

Atte Sihvonen (born 18 February 1996) is a Finnish footballer who plays as a defender for Ykkönen club TPS.

## Career
### Club

On 21 December 2018, Sihvonen signed for RoPS on a one-year contract, with the option of an additional year.
On 10 December 2021, he signed a two-year deal with Haka.
On 12 January 2024, Sihvonen returned to his former club Turun Palloseura (TPS), signing a one-year deal with an option for extension.
# Jorge Marrale

Jorge Marrale (born June 30, 1947) is an Argentine actor.

## Life and work

Marrale was born in Buenos Aires' industrial Barracas section to a Spanish mother and an Italian father (from the Calabria Region), in 1947. His paternal grandfather had been an actor in Italy, and instilled an interest in the art on the young Jorge, as did a performance by Italian silver screen legend Vittorio Gassman.
He had enrolled in the Dramatic Arts Conservatory by 1970 and, shortly afterwards, was accepted into the National Comedy at the prestigious Cervantes Theatre. His first role in the theatre was in Tadeusz Różewicz' White Wedding, and he soon received roles in local productions of Fyodor Dostoyevsky's White Nights and William Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream, among others.
Marrale was first cast in the cinema by director Alejandro Doria for Aída Bortnik's Contragolpe (Retribution), in 1979. He later took part in a public television production of Romeo and Juliet and in a Channel 9 production of Les Miserables (both in 1981). Alejandro Doria brought Marrale back for his 1984 drama, Darse cuenta (Realization) and he was given the lead male role by Beda Docampo Feijóo for her moody, 1988 Los amores de Kafka (Loves of Kafka). Docampo Feijóo also cast Marrale in her 1992 adaptation of Dostoyevsky's The Eternal Husband. Marrale also played the role of a shepherd in Spanish film director Carlos Saura's TV film El Sur, which is based on the short story El Sur by Argentine author Jorge Luis Borges.
He continued to perform regularly in the theatre, working with renowned Argentine playwrights Roberto Cossa and Pacho O'Donnell, among others. He has also garnered extensive television credits since his 1981 debut, cast in numerous roles in diverse genres as biopics, docudramas and telenovelas - mostly on Channel 9 and Telefe. Among the most notable was his role in Doria's production of Julio Cortázar's La salud de los enfermos (The Health of the Sick), in 1996.
That year, Marrale starred in an Eduardo Raspo's film noir, Geisha, as an heir involved in a probate dispute with an enigmatic young woman. He played the dubious father of a recently deceased lover of a nemesis of his in Marcelo Piñeyro's Cenizas del paraíso (Ashes from Heaven, 1997) and populist former President Juan Perón in Héctor Olivera's look at Perón's controversial brother-in-law Juan Duarte, Ay Juancito (2004), among numerous leading roles.
Marrale was reunited with director Alejandro Doria for his biopic on the embattled Father Mario Pantaleo (whom Marrale portrayed) in Las manos (The Hands), in 2006. The prolific actor has received numerous prizes for his work in cinema, television and theatre, continuing to be among the most active Argentine actors in all three media. He also teaches and, with Osvaldo Santoro, directs the Beckett Theatre in Buenos Aires.

## Awards
### Nominations

* 2013 Martín Fierro Awards
** Best actor of miniseries
# R. Ashoka

Ramaiah Ashoka (born 1 July 1957) is an Indian politician who served as the 6th Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka. Serving as Leader of Opposition in Karnataka Legislative Assembly since 2023, he previously served as the Deputy Leader of Opposition in Karnataka Legislative Assembly (2014 -2018), Minister of Revenue, Minister of Home Affairs and Minister of Transport under the BJP government. He has also served as the Minister of Health and Family Welfare under the coalition government of BJP and JDS. He is a Seven-time MLA for Padmanabhanagar Assembly Constituency (before delimitation of the Uttarahalli assembly constituency).

## Early political career

During Emergency (1975–77), he was arrested and detained in prison along with veteran leaders like L.K. Advani at the Central Jail in Bengaluru. He was first elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly in the 1997 by-Elections from Uttarahalli, which was the biggest state legislature constituency in India before delimitation. He was re-elected from the same constituency in 1999 and 2004 Assembly elections with impressive margins. In the 2004 elections, he won by a margin of 84,001 votes which is the highest in any Karnataka Assembly election.

## Positions held

In 2008, he became the Minister of Health and family welfare in the Bharatiya Janata Party-Janata Dal (Secular) (BJP-JD(S)) coalition government. As a minister, he implemented novel schemes and also streamlined the administration of the department.
As Minister of Transport in the Yeddyurappa Government from 2008 onwards, he was instrumental in modernizing the department and also using innovative hi-tech methods to automate the working of the department.
When Jagadish Shettar became Chief Minister in June 2012, Ashoka was appointed one of the two Deputy chief ministers and entrusted with the ministries of Home and Transport in the Government of Karnataka.
Ashoka is regarded as one of the most influential leaders of the BJP in Bangalore city and has steered the party to historic victories in the 2010 and 2015 BBMP elections.
On 26 August 2019, Ashoka was appointed the Revenue Minister in Karnataka government excluding Muzrai.
# Big Read (German)

The Big Read initiative was launched in Germany by the public television broadcaster ZDF in 2004, under the name "Das große Lesen", with the support of the Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels and Stiftung Lesen. Based on the BBC version of Big Read, it was designed as a game show to determine the top 50 books read and liked by the German people.
An initial list of 200 books was sent to more than 10,000 bookshops to start the survey. 60,000 votes were already cast within the first week. Four weeks later, the list had grown to 12,615 book nominations, and after the casting of 250,000 votes the 'winners' were determined.
# Paweł Charbicki

Paweł Charbicki (born 6 November 1965) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
# Yoriyuki

Yoriyuki is a masculine Japanese given name.

## Written forms

Yoriyuki can be written using different combinations of kanji characters. Here are some examples:
* 頼之, "rely, of"
* 頼行, "rely, to go"
* 頼幸, "rely, happiness"
* 依之, "to depend on, of"
* 依行, "to depend on, to go"
* 依幸, "to depend on, happiness"
The name can also be written in hiragana よりゆき or katakana ヨリユキ.

## Notable people with the name

* Yoriyuki Arima (有馬 頼徸) (1714–1783), Japanese mathematician and daimyō
* Yoriyuki Hosokawa (細川 頼之) (1329–1392), Japanese samurai
* Yoriyuki Kuroda (黒田 和志, 1851—1917), Japanese aristocrat and politician
* Yoriyuki Matsudaira (松平 頼之, 1858-1873), Japanese daimyo of the last Edo period
# Food 4 Life

Food 4 Life was an Australian television series on the Seven Network hosted by Cindy Sargon. It aired in 2007. When it was on air, it aired daily at 10:00am weekdays.
# Ptychandra ohtanii lizae

Ptychandra ohtanii lizae is a subspecies of Ptychandra ohtanii. Ptychandra ohtanii lizae is endemic to Leyte island in the Philippines. This subspecies is rare on Leyte island.

## Etymology

The subspecific name is dedicated to Mrs Liz Wilkinson from Winchester, England.
# Sad, Podlaskie Voivodeship

Sad is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kleszczele, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.
# Sōunkyō

Sōunkyō (層雲峡, Sōunkyō) is a range of gorges located in Kamikawa, Hokkaidō, Japan. Situated in the Daisetsuzan National Park, the area is known for its hotels and onsen (hot springs) resorts as well as waterfalls and magnificent cliffs scenery. The term "Sōunkyō" means respectively the layer (層), cloud (雲) and gorge (峡) in Japanese, and the origin of the name is a word "Souunbetsu" in the Ainu language, which means "the river with many waterfalls".

## History

The geography of the gorge and surrounding area were formed by the eruption of Daisetsuzan Volcanic Group, which occurred around 30,000 years ago. The welded tuff was piled up after the eruption, and it was gradually eroded by the water of the Ishikari River, which currently streams between gorges. Thus, ragged steep cliffs in Sōunkyō were shaped, which range over 24 kilometres. and have a number of joints around 200 metres in height
In 1957, stores and hotels located in the areas surrounding Sōunkyō were relocated to Sōunkyō under the order of the Kamikawa government. They became the origin of the Sōunkyō Onsen (hot springs) Resort. This was a part of the plan to arrange Kamikawa town by the government, and the resort has thrived with many hotels and souvenir shops, formerly constructed for mountaineers, although later they have decayed due to the other resorts in Hokkaidō such as Shiretoko.
To renovate its run-down resorts, Sōunkyō and Ministry of the Environment collaborated on a reconstruction scheme in 1987. 36 buildings that were in the area were demolished and integrated into 18 hotels, which were designed with ivory coloured walls and sharp roofs representing Daisetsuzan. Most of the onsen resorts were completed in July 1998, and many tourists have visited. Currently, the annual number of tourists is 3 million. Recently, the center of the onsen resorts were arranged as the "Canyon Mall," which was modeled after the mountain resorts in Canada.

## Overview

The gorge is known not only for its hot springs and hotel resorts but also for its natural scenery. The Ginga-no-taki (銀河の滝, Milky Way Falls) and Ryūsei-no-taki (流星の滝, Shooting Stars Falls) were selected as one of the top 100 waterfalls in Japan. The Daisetsuzan Sōunkyō Kurodake Ropeway is on the slope of the gorge, and tourists can get the ropeway and chairlift to climb the mountain. The Sōunkyō Visitor Center is near the resorts and houses picture panels displaying the scenes of Sōunkyō and guides for visitors.
In every January, the Sōunkyō Hyōbaku Festival is held at the riverbed of Ishikari River, and many ice statues and objects are constructed, some of which are colourfully illuminated. Tourists are able to buy souvenirs and hot drinks in some nearby stores, and fireworks are displayed on weekends. Other events held in this festival include a dance of the Ainu, Yosakoi Soran team, and taiko.

## Sources

* ↑ asahi.com
* 1 2 3 Kamikawa town official homepage
* ↑ The rock evaluation analyzed by quantification theory II at Sounkyo Gorge Area (pdf file)
* 1 2 3 The Reborn of Sōunkyo
* ↑ Daisetsu Dam Management Office
* ↑ mapion 100 waterfalls in Japan Archived 2007-11-16 at the Wayback Machine
# Rhoda Pitchlynn Howell

Rhoda Pitchlynn Howell (Choctaw: Pashuma, lit. 'red-haired woman'; January 31, 1814 – February 27, 1911) was a Choctaw rancher and community leader who played a role in developing the agricultural and educational infrastructure in Indian Territory. After becoming widowed in 1865, she managed her family's farm and ranch near Fort Arbuckle and provided informal medical and psychological advice to her community, gaining widespread respect for her knowledge and leadership

## Early life

Rhoda Pitchlynn Howell was born on January 31, 1814, in the vicinity of Columbus, Mississippi, which was then a part of the Choctaw Nation. She was the daughter of John Pitchlynn and Sophia Folsom Pitchlynn, both prominent figures in the Choctaw Nation. Her brother, Peter Pitchlynn, was a well-known leader and representative of the Choctaw people in Washington, D.C. Her Choctaw language name was Pashuma, meaning "red-haired woman." Howell's early years were influenced by her family's active role in tribal leadership and education, particularly her brother's dedication to the welfare of the tribe and its education.

## Career

Howell married Calvin Howell, a doctor of Scotch-Irish descent, in the early 1830s. The couple relocated to Indian Territory during the 1830s and settled in Eagletown, near the border of Arkansas. Here, Calvin Howell established a cotton gin, and the family contributed to the development of the local community, transforming it from wilderness into a growing settlement. The community of Eagletown grew, with businesses, hotels, and mills being established, many supported by enslaved labor.
After the Civil War, Howell's life changed significantly. Her husband died in 1865, and she relocated with her remaining children to the Chickasaw Nation near Fort Arbuckle in 1866. At this new location, she became a rancher and farmer, managing the family's operations. During this time, she provided medical and psychological advice to those in the community, often in an informal capacity. Howell was noted for her knowledge, which many people in the region sought out.
Howell continued to be involved in her family's affairs and in the local community. She managed her family's ranch and played an active role in the upbringing of her children and grandchildren, some of whom went on to have careers in medicine, ranching, and other professions. Her son, Thomas P. Howell, became a doctor and also engaged in farming and ranching, continuing the family's agricultural tradition.

## Personal life

Howell was the mother of 14 children. After her husband's death, she moved her family and became an independent head of household. In the later years of her life, Howell experienced declining health. By the mid-1890s, she had lost her eyesight but remained in good health otherwise. She continued to manage her affairs despite being nearly blind for the last 14 to 15 years of her life. In 1909, at the age of 96, she visited her granddaughter and took her first ride in an automobile. Howell died on February 27, 1911, at the age of 97, following a brief illness from pneumonia. She was buried in the family cemetery located near Davis, Oklahoma.
# Alexey Belan

Alexey Alexeevich Belan (Russian: Алексей Алексеевич Белан; born June 27, 1987) is a Latvian and Russian hacker on the FBI's list of most wanted criminals. He has been accused of illegal access to the computer networks of three US companies in the states of Nevada and California. As a result of breaches committed in 2012 and 2013, a hacker stole personal data of company employees and several million registered users of their services, which was later sold through the Internet. He is known under the pseudonyms Abyr Valgov, Abyrvalg, Fedyunya, Magg, М4G, and Moy.Yavik.
# Louis-Pierre Cécile

Louis-Pierre Cécile (January 15, 1905 – February 19, 1995) was an Ontario lawyer and political figure. He represented Prescott in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1948 to 1967 as a Progressive Conservative member.
He was born in Tecumseh, Ontario in 1905, the son of Arthur-Lewis Cécile, and studied at the Université de Montréal and Osgoode Hall. In 1941, he married Fabienne Gascon. He was chairman of the Secondary School Board for Hawkesbury. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the federal parliament in 1945. Cécile was Minister of Travel and Publicity in the provincial cabinet from 1949 to 1955 and Minister of Public Welfare from 1955 to 1966.

## Cabinet positions

Ontario provincial government of John Robarts :
| Cabinet post (1) |||
| Predecessor | Office | Successor |
| Bill Goodfellow | Minister of Public Welfare 1961-1966 | John Yaremko |
| Ontario provincial government of Leslie Frost |||
| Cabinet post (1) |||
| Predecessor | Office | Successor |
| Bill Goodfellow | Minister of Public Welfare 1955-1961 | John Yaremko |
| Ontario provincial government of Thomas Kennedy |||
| Cabinet post (1) |||
| Predecessor | Office | Successor |
| George Arthur Welsh | Minister of Travel and Publicity 1948-1955 | Bryan Cathcart |
# Eureka Stockade (miniseries)

Eureka Stockade is a 1984 Australian miniseries based on the battle of Eureka Stockade. It reunited the producer, writer and star of A Town Like Alice.

## Cast

* Bryan Brown as Peter Lalor
* Bill Hunter as Timothy Hayes
* Carol Burns as Anastasia Hayes
* Amy Madigan as Sarah Jamieson
* Tom Burlinson as Father Smythe
* Brett Cullen as Charles Ross
* Penelope Stewart as Alicia Dunne
* Stephen Hayes as Johan Gregorious
* Rod Mullinar as Frederick Vern
* Tim Hughes as Sgt. Major Tyler
* Roger L. Howell as Raffaello Carboni
* Edwin Hodgeman as Commissioner Rede
* David Ravenswood as Sir Charles Hotham
* Fred Steele as John Joseph
* Simon Chilvers as Bishop Goold
* John Murphy as Father Downing
* Tommy Dysart as Tom Kennedy
* Peter Crossley as Johnstone
* Sam Petersen as Johnny Hayes
* Reg Evans as Goodenough
* Luke Gallagher as 'Starry' Hayes
* Troy Ellis as William Hayes
* Melissa Crawford as Annie Hayes
* James Crawford as Timmy Hayes
* David Bradshaw as Sgt. Major Milne
* John Larking as Bentley
* Roger Oakley as Scobie
* Peter Collingwood as General Nickle
* Geoff Warren as Dr. Kenworthy
* Edward Caddick as Father Dunne
* Peter Curtin as Attorney General
* Lee James as Aspinall
* Ruth Yaffe as Mrs. Bentley
* Victor Kazan as John D'Ewes
* Chris Hession as James McGill
* William Zappa as Flash Burke
* Bruce Knappett as Peter Martin
* Andrew Martin as Hummfray
* Chris Hallam as Dr. D.J. Williams
* Tim Hardiman as Barnard Welch
* Anthony Hawkins as Dr. Stewart
* Peter Green as Patrick Carroll
* Frank Thring as Judge

## Production

The series was researched over two years and filmed over four months. It was shot on location near Ballarat and Bendigo. It was a difficult shoot as it took place during a heatwave. A $250,000 set of the British camp was almost destroyed during the Ash Wednesday bushfires. A Eureka flag was stolen during filming.

## Reception

The series was a ratings disappointment compared to A Town Like Alice. However it sold widely overseas and screened in the US.
# Paweł Kaczorowski (cyclist)

Paweł Kaczorowski (born 28 September 1949) is a former Polish cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.