# Outline of Egypt

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Egypt:
Egypt (Arabic: مصر Egyptian Arabic pronunciation:, Arabic:) is a sovereign country located in eastern North Africa that includes the Sinai Peninsula, a land bridge to Asia. Covering an area of about 1,002,450 square kilometers (387,050 sq mi), Egypt borders Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, with a current dispute over the ownership of the halaib triangle, and Palestine and Israel to the east. Its northern coast borders the Mediterranean Sea; the eastern coast borders the Red Sea. Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization and some of the world's oldest monuments, including the Giza pyramid complex with the Great Sphinx, the step pyramid at Sakkara, Edfu Temple, Abu Simbel, etc. The southern city of Luxor contains numerous ancient artifacts, such as the Karnak Temple and the Valley of the Kings. Egypt is widely regarded as an important political and cultural nation of the Middle East, as center of the Arab World and MENA. Egypt situated on both North Africa and West Asia, connects the African continent to Eurasia via the Sinai Peninsula. Within Sinai, the Suez Canal connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. The canal is the most important route between Europe and Asia. Egypt, historically, has been a northern Asian "Gateway to Africa" with many scientific expeditions organized from Cairo.

## General reference

* Pronunciation: /ˈiːdʒɪpt/
* Common English country name: Egypt
* Official English country name: The Arab Republic of Egypt
* Common endonym(s): Misr
* Official endonym(s): Ǧumhūriyyat Miṣr al-ʿArabiyyah
* Adjectival(s): Egyptian
* Demonym(s):
* Etymology: Name of Egypt
* International rankings of Egypt
* ISO country codes: EG, EGY, 818
* ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:EG
* Internet country code top-level domain: .eg

## Geography of Egypt

Geography of Egypt
* Egypt is: a country
* Location
** Egypt is situated within the following regions:
*** Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
*** Africa
**** North Africa
**** Sahara Desert
*** Eurasia
**** Asia
***** Southwest Asia
*** Middle East
** Time zone: Egypt Standard Time (UTC+02), Egypt Daylight Time (UTC+03) April–September
** Extreme points of Egypt
*** High: Mount Catherine 2,629 m (8,625 ft)
*** Low: Qattara Depression −133 m (−436 ft)
** Land boundaries: 2,665 km (1,656 mi)
       Sudan 1,273 km (791 mi)
       Libya 1,115 km (693 mi)
       Israel 266 km (165 mi)
       Palestine 11 km (7 mi)
   * Coastline: 2,450 km (1,522 mi)
* Population of Egypt: 88,662,800 people (2015 estimate) - 14th most populous country
* Area of Egypt: 1,002,450 km$^2$ (387,050 sq mi) - 30th largest country
* Atlas of Egypt

### Environment of Egypt

* Climate of Egypt
* Environmental issues in Egypt
* Ecoregions of Egypt
* Renewable energy in Egypt
* Geology of Egypt
* Wildlife of Egypt
** Fauna of Egypt
*** Birds of Egypt
*** Mammals of Egypt
* Center for Documentation of Cultural and Natural Heritage

#### Geographic features of Egypt

* Deserts of Egypt
** Western Desert
** Eastern Desert
* Glaciers in Egypt: none
* Lakes of Egypt
* Rivers of Egypt
* World Heritages Sites in Egypt
* Suez Canal

### Regions of Egypt

* Nile Valley and Delta
* Western Desert (also known as the Libyan Desert)
* Eastern Desert (also known as the Arabian Desert)
* Sinai Peninsula

#### Ecoregions of Egypt

List of ecoregions in Egypt

#### Administrative divisions of Egypt

Administrative divisions of Egypt
* Governorates of Egypt (27)
** Markazes of Egypt (166)
*** Municipalities of Egypt
**** Districts of Egypt

##### Governorates of Egypt

Governorates of Egypt
| Nr. | Name | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2015) | Capital |
| 2 | Alexandria | 2,300 | 4,812,186 | Alexandria |
| 27 | Aswan | 62,726 | 1,431,488 | Aswan |
| 22 | Asyut | 25,926 | 4,245,215 | Asyut |
| 3 | Beheira | 9,826 | 5,804,262 | Damanhur |
| 19 | Beni Suef | 10,954 | 2,856,812 | Beni Suef |
| 16 | Cairo | 3,085 | 9,278,441 | Cairo |
| 5 | Dakahlia | 3,538 | 5,949,001 | Mansura |
| 6 | Damietta | 910 | 1,330,843 | Damietta |
| 15 | Faiyum | 6,068 | 3,170,150 | Faiyum |
| 9 | Gharbia | 1,942 | 4,751,865 | Tanta |
| 14 | Giza | 13,184 | 7,585,115 | Giza |
| 13 | Ismailia | 5,067 | 1,178,641 | Ismailia |
| 4 | Kafr el-Sheikh | 3,467 | 3,172,753 | Kafr el-Sheikh |
| 26 | Luxor | 2,410 | 1,147,058 | Luxor |
| 1 | Matruh | 166,563 | 447,846 | Mersa Matruh |
| 20 | Minya | 32,279 | 5,156,702 | Minya |
| 10 | Monufia | 2,499 | 3,941,293 | Shibin el-Kom |
| 21 | New Valley | 440,098 | 225,416 | Kharga |
| 8 | North Sinai | 28,992 | 434,781 | Arish |
| 7 | Port Said | 1,345 | 666,599 | Port Said |
| 11 | Qalyubia | 1,124 | 5,105,972 | Banha |
| 25 | Qena | 10,798 | 3,045,504 | Qena |
| 23 | Red Sea | 119,099 | 345,775 | Hurghada |
| 12 | Sharqia | 4,911 | 6,485,412 | Zagazig |
| 24 | Sohag | 11,022 | 4,603,861 | Sohag |
| 18 | South Sinai | 31,272 | 167,426 | El-Tor |
| 17 | Suez | 9,002 | 622,859 | Suez |

##### Municipalities of Egypt

List of cities in Egypt
* Capital of Egypt: Cairo (outline)

### Demography of Egypt

Demographics of Egypt
* Censuses of Egypt
* DNA history of Egypt
* Population history of Egypt

#### Ethnicities

| Arabs Nubians | Copts Dom people | Beja Bedouin |

#### Nationalities

| Egyptians | Greeks | Armenians |

## Government and politics of Egypt

Politics of Egypt
* Form of government: Semi-presidential republic
* Capital of Egypt: Cairo
* Elections in Egypt
* Political parties in Egypt
* Egyptian Revolution of 2011

### Branches of the government of Egypt

Government of Egypt

#### Executive branch of the government of Egypt

* Head of state: is the President of Egypt.
* Head of government: is the President of Egypt.
** Cabinet of Egypt

#### Legislative branch of the government of Egypt

* Parliament of Egypt – it was dissolved by the army of Egypt on 11 February 2011.
** Upper house: Shura Council
** Lower house: People's Assembly of Egypt

#### Judicial branch of the government of Egypt

Egyptian Judicial System
* Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt
* Court of Appeal
* Court of First Instance
* Family Court

### Foreign relations of Egypt

Foreign relations of Egypt

#### International organization membership

The Arab Republic of Egypt is a member of:
Egypt is 1 of only 7 U.N. members which is not a member of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.

### Law and order in Egypt

Law of Egypt
* Cannabis in Egypt
* Capital punishment in Egypt
* Constitution of Egypt
* Crime in Egypt
* Human rights in Egypt
** LGBT rights in Egypt
** Freedom of religion in Egypt
* Law enforcement in Egypt
** Emergency law in Egypt

### Media of Egypt

Media of Egypt

### Military of Egypt

Military of Egypt
* Command
** Commander-in-chief:
*** Ministry of Defence of Egypt
* Forces
** Army of Egypt
** Navy of Egypt
** Air Force of Egypt
* Military history of Egypt
* Military ranks of Egypt

## History of Egypt

History of Egypt

### History of Egypt, by period

* History of Ancient Egypt: 3100 BC to 639 AD
** Ancient Egypt
*** List of ancient Egypt topics
** Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
*** First Dynasty of Egypt c. 3150–2890
*** Second Dynasty of Egypt: 2890–2686
** Old Kingdom of Egypt
*** Third Dynasty of Egypt: 2686–2613
*** Fourth Dynasty of Egypt: 2613–2498
*** Fifth Dynasty of Egypt: 2498–2345
*** Sixth Dynasty of Egypt: 2345–2181
** First Intermediate Period of Egypt
*** Seventh Dynasty of Egypt: 2181, usually considered spurious
*** Eighth Dynasty of Egypt: 2181–2160
*** Ninth Dynasty of Egypt: 2160–2130
*** Tenth Dynasty of Egypt: 2130–2040
*** Early Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt: 2134–2061
** Middle Kingdom of Egypt
*** Late Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt: 2061–1991
*** Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt: 1991–1803
*** Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt: 1803–1649
*** Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt: 1705–1690
** Second Intermediate Period of Egypt
*** Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt: 1674–1535
*** Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt: 1660–1600
*** Abydos Dynasty | | 1650–1600
*** Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt: 1580–1549
** New Kingdom of Egypt
*** Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt: 1549–1292
*** Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt: 1292–1189
*** Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt: 1189–1077
** Third Intermediate Period of Egypt
*** Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt: 1069–945
*** Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt: 945–720
*** Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt: 837–728
*** Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt: 732–720
*** Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt: 732–653
** Late Period of ancient Egypt
*** Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt: 672–525
*** History of Achaemenid Egypt: 525 BC to 332 BC
**** Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt: 525–404
**** Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt: 404–398
**** Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt: 398–380
**** Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt: 380–343
**** Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt: 343–332
** History of Ptolemaic Egypt: 332 BC to 30 BC
*** Argead Dynasty | 332–305
*** Ptolemaic Kingdom | 305–30
** History of Roman Egypt: 30 BC to 639 AD
*** Diocese of Egypt c. 381 to 539
* Sasanian Egypt: 619 to 629
* History of Arab Egypt: 639 to 1517
** Muslim conquest of Egypt
** Saladin in Egypt 1163 to 1174
* History of Ottoman Egypt: 1517 to 1805
* History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty: 1805 to 1882
** Muhammad Ali's seizure of power
* History of modern Egypt: since 1882
** History of Egypt under the British: 1882 to 1956
*** 1919 Egyptian revolution
**** Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence
*** Egypt during World War II
*** History of republican Egypt 1952 to present
**** History of Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser 1952-1970
***** 1952 Egyptian revolution
***** Republic of Egypt (1953–58)
**** History of Egypt under Anwar Sadat 1970 to 1981
**** History of Egypt under Hosni Mubarak 1981-2011
**** Egyptian crisis (2011–14)
***** 2011 Egyptian revolution (also called "25th of January revolution")
***** June 2013 Egyptian protests
***** 2013 Egyptian coup d'état
***** Post-coup unrest in Egypt (2013–2014)

### History of Egypt, by region

* History of Alexandria
** Timeline of Alexandria
* History of Cairo
** Timeline of Cairo
* History of Giza
* History of Luxor
* History of Memphis, Egypt
* History of the Nile Delta
* History of Port Said
** Timeline of Port Said
* History of the Sinai Peninsula
* History of Suez

### History of Egypt, by subject

* List of Egyptian inventions and discoveries
* DNA history of Egypt
* Egyptian capitals throughout history
* Egyptomania
* History of the Jews in Egypt
* Political history of Egypt
** History of the Egyptian Constitution
** Military history of Egypt
*** List of wars involving Egypt
** History of the Egyptian parliament
* Population history of Egypt
* History of timekeeping devices in Egypt

## Culture of Egypt

Culture of Egypt
* Egyptians
* Architecture of Egypt
** Ottoman architecture in Egypt
* Cuisine of Egypt
* Languages of Egypt
** Egyptian language
* Media in Egypt
* National symbols of Egypt
** Coat of arms of Egypt
** Flag of Egypt
** National anthem of Egypt
* Prostitution in Egypt
* Public holidays in Egypt
* Religion in Egypt
** Islam in Egypt
** Christianity in Egypt
** Judaism in Egypt
** Hinduism in Egypt
* World Heritage Sites in Egypt

### Art in Egypt

* Art in Egypt (see also Art of Ancient Egypt)
** Contemporary art in Egypt
* Cinema of Egypt
* Literature of Egypt
* Music of Egypt
* Television in Egypt
* Theatre in Egypt

### Sports in Egypt

Sports in Egypt
* Egypt at the Olympics
* Football in Egypt

## Economy and infrastructure of Egypt

Economy of Egypt
* Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 52nd (fifty-second)
* Agriculture in Egypt
* Communications in Egypt
** Internet in Egypt
* Companies of Egypt
* Currency of Egypt: Pound
** ISO 4217: EGP
* Energy in Egypt
* Health care in Egypt
* Mining in Egypt
* National Bank of Egypt
* Tourism in Egypt
* Transport in Egypt
** Airports in Egypt
** Rail transport in Egypt
* Water supply and sanitation in Egypt

## Education in Egypt

Education in Egypt