OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eric Stewart (politician)

Eric Stewart (born December 6, 1971) is an American politician from Tennessee, who represented the 14th district as State Senator from 2008 to 2012. His district included all or parts of Bledsoe, Coffee, Franklin, Grundy, Sequatchie, Van Buren and Warren counties.

## Political career

Prior to his election to the State Senate, Stewart served as a Franklin County commissioner. After redistricting in 2012, his district was renumbered District 16 and lost Bledsoe County but added Marion. He opted to not run for re-election in 2012 in the newly drawn district and instead mounted an unsuccessful run in Tennessee's 4th congressional district, which includes almost all of his state senate district. He lost to Republican incumbent Scott DesJarlais.
Stewart founded his own insurance agency, Eric Stewart Insurance, in Fayetteville in 1999. The agency currently operates as The Stewart Insurance Agency in Winchester, Tennessee.

### 2012 Congressional campaign

On November 17, 2011, Stewart announced his candidacy for Tennessee's 4th congressional district seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. He won the Democratic primary election and lost to incumbent Republican Scott DesJarlais in the general election.
# André-Gaston Prételat

André-Gaston Prételat (14 November 1874, Wassy, Champagne, France – 6 December 1969, Paris, France) was a general in the French Army.

## Military career
### 1910–1918

His first post, from 1910 to 1912, was as military attaché to Tangier. During the First World War he was the chief of staff of 70th Division (1915) and then of XXIII Corps (1916), before becoming the commanding officer of the 159th Regiment and Deputy Chief of Staff to Henri Gouraud's French Fourth Army (1917), and finally Chief of Staff of the Fourth Army. After the Armistice, he became chief of staff of the Army of Alsace (1918), the troops occupying Alsace-Lorraine (annexed by France from Germany).

### Interwar period: 1918–1939

During the inter-war years he returned to the French colonies, acting as chief of staff in the Levant from 1919 to 1923, then as chief of staff to General Gouraud for four years from 1923. He next held three posts as general officer commanding, first of First Division (1927 to 1930), then of the Eleventh Military Region (1930), and finally of the Paris Military Region (aka the Second Military Region, from 1930 to 1934). From 1934 to the outbreak of the Second World War he was Member Supreme of the 19-strong war council.
In 1938 he was commander-designate of the French Second Army, and in that role he held exercises that year which revealed that the Ardennes were impossible to defend; although his prediction as to the time it would take Germany to breach defenses was off by only three hours of the time it actually took in May 1940, he was accused of pessimism. He pointed out security weaknesses in the defensive fortifications of the north-east border of France in December 1938 and attempted to address these with improvements he planned in April 1939 but efforts had scarcely been undertaken when the war began in September 1939.

### World War II: 1939–1940

Prételat openly opposed entering the war with Germany along with one other member of the War Council, but nevertheless did send the French Second Army Group on what he feared would be an underpowered offensive against the German Siegfried Line in the Saar on 8 September. The offensive was halted only four days after it had begun on order of French chief of staff Maurice Gamelin, and Prételat withdrew the Second Army Group to behind the Maginot Line, in the north-eastern sector of the French northern front, to where they would remain until the outbreak of the Battle of France on 10 May 1940.
At first, Prételat withheld his troops, which were inadequate in number to the task at hand, but by the second week Prételat had reinforced units directly facing the German offensive in the northwest with 20 of his 30 divisions. On 26 May, in fear that German forces would overwhelm exhausted groups to his west, Prételat sought and was refused permission to retreat. His troops remained in place until collapse was imminent, when, on 12 June, they were ordered to withdraw. They were shortly surrounded by German troops in spite of their resistance, continuing their efforts for a short time even after the French surrender of 22 June 1940.
It was Prételat's last engagement in the war.
# Tetta

Tetta is a masculine Japanese given name.

## Written forms

Tetta can be written using different combinations of kanji characters. Some examples:
* 鉄太, "iron, thick"
* 鉄多, "iron, many"
* 鉄汰, "iron, excessive"
* 哲太, "philosophy, thick"
* 哲多, "philosophy, many"
* 哲汰, "philosophy, excessive"
* 徹太, "penetrate, thick"
The name can also be written in hiragana てった or katakana テッタ.

## Notable people with the name

* Tetta Kawai (河井 哲太, born 2000), Japanese footballer
* Tetta Sugimoto (杉本 哲太, born 1965), Japanese actor
# Tarnowo-Goski

Tarnowo-Goski is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zambrów, within Zambrów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.
# John A. Bentley

John A. Bentley (January 27, 1836 – 1912) was an American lawyer and politician. He was United States Commissioner of Pensions under the last year of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency and through the presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes. He also served as a member of the Wisconsin State Senate in 1865 and 1866.

## Biography

Bentley was born in Kingsbury, New York, to Cornelius and Mary Brayton Bentley. As a boy, he worked on his father's farm and attended public schools in the vicinity. He studied law under Judge Enoch H. Rosekrans, of the New York Supreme Court, and Orange Ferriss, who would later serve in Congress. He graduated from Albany Law School in 1857 and was admitted to the New York State Bar Association. He established a legal practice in Glens Falls, New York, where he remained until 1859.
In March 1859, he traveled to the state of Wisconsin, first establishing himself at Manitowoc, then moving to Sheboygan. In 1864, he was elected to represent Sheboygan County in the Wisconsin State Senate on the National Union ticket. He left the senate after a single two-year term and became President of the Sheboygan and Fond du Lac Railroad.
In 1876, he was appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant to be United States Commissioner of Pensions after the brief term and resignation of fellow Wisconsinite Charles R. Gill. Bentley went on to serve through the remainder of Grant's term and through the four years of the presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes, relinquishing his office when a successor was appointed by President James A. Garfield.
After leaving office, he moved to Denver, Colorado, and restarted his legal practice.

## Family and personal life

On September 5, 1861, Bentley married Isabella J. Peat (1837–1917). They had one son, William R. Bentley (1867–1941). The family grave is in Glens Falls, New York.
# Ernő Solymosi

Ernő Solymosi (21 June 1940 – 19 February 2011) was a Hungarian footballer. He was born in Diósgyőr. He played for the clubs Diósgyőri VTK, Újpest FC and Pécsi Dózsa as a midfielder and defender. He played 38 games and scored 7 goals for the Hungary national football team. He is most famous for his participation in the bronze medal-winning Hungarian team on the 1960 Summer Olympic Games and the European Championship of 1964, and for playing on the 1962 FIFA World Cup.
After his career as footballer, he worked for the Ministry for Home Affairs, being the personal guard of János Kádár, the communist leader of Hungary from 1956 to 1988. He has retired in 1993.
# Don Calloway

Donald Calloway (born September 18, 1979) is an American attorney and politician from St. Louis, Missouri. He was a Democratic member of the Missouri House of Representatives for the 71st District in St. Louis County.

## Early life

Donald Calloway, Jr. was born in St. Louis, Missouri to Donald Calloway, Sr. and Jonell Calloway. In 2002, he graduated from Alabama A&M University, majoring in Political Science and English. There, he was initiated in the Gamma Phi chapter of Kappa Alpha Psi and was elected Student Body President. He then entered Boston University School of Law, graduating in 2005. They have two children together.

## 2008 election

On August 5, 2008, Calloway won the Democratic primary for the 71st District seat in the Missouri House of Representatives. Calloway won 52% of the vote in a three-way race against Vernon Harlan, and Rogerick Wilson. He was elected unopposed on November 4, 2008. He took office in January 2009.

## Representative career

Calloway, as a member of the Missouri House of Representatives, served on the Emerging Issues in Animal Agriculture Committee, General Laws Committee, Rules Committee and Tax Policy Committee.
In October 2009, the Northeast Ambulance and Fire Protection District Board, which had been plagued with charges of corruption, bribery and cronyism, came under direct fire as the board approved an ill-merited severance package for board members Robert Edwards and Joe Washington totaling over $750,000. Representative Calloway personally challenged the legitimacy of the payoff, and filed a successful lawsuit to have the corresponding bank accounts frozen.
In February 2010, Calloway sponsored a bill to limit the long-term effects of concussions on high-school football athletes. The bill required that student athletes who suffered a concussion get written permission from a doctor or licensed medical official, certifying the absence of long-term brain damage and the ability to continue playing safely, before they would be allowed to participate in games or practice. In August, Calloway lost his reelection bid during the primary.

## Advocacy

After his defeat in the primary, Calloway joined Anheuser-Busch where he handled legislative political affairs in 10 states in the Southeast. By 2014, he was working for them on the national level in Washington DC.
In 2016, he founded Pine Street Strategies, a lobbying firm in Washington DC. Through his firm, he continued to represent Anheuser-Busch and also lobbied on behalf of non-profits such as the Environmental Defense Fund, Campaign Zero and the NAACP. In 2018, he founded the National Voter Protection Action Fund, which works with state, city and county councils to promote voter protection policies
# Meigu Guan

Meigu Guan (Chinese: 管梅谷, also Romanized as Mei-Ko Kwan or Mei-ku Kuan, born 1934 in Shanghai) is a Chinese mathematician and one of the country's leading experts on mathematical programming. He is known for his research on the route inspection problem, and served as president of Shandong Normal University.

## Research contributions

Guan is known for formulating the route inspection problem. This problem is a generalization of the Euler tour problem, in which the input is an edge-weighted graph and the goal is to find a closed walk of minimum total weight that visits every graph edge at least once. Its applications include transportation planning problems such as planning routes for a fleet of snowplows to plow all the streets of a city, in minimum total time.
Guan worked as a lecturer at Shandong Normal University during the Great Leap Forward of 1958–1960, during which Chinese mathematicians were encouraged to work on practical problems. He published his work on the route inspection problem in 1960, and his paper was translated into English in 1962. It attracted the attention of Jack Edmonds, who gave the problem its alternative name, the "Chinese postman problem", in honor of Guan, and proved that this problem can be solved optimally in polynomial time.
One of Guan's later contributions was to prove that, in contrast, the windy postman problem is NP-complete; this is a generalized version of the route inspection problem in which the cost of traversing an edge depends on the direction in which it is traversed.

## Academic career

Guan finished his studies in 1957 at the East China Normal University in Shanghai, and in the same year joined the faculty at Shandong Normal University. He served as president of Shandong Normal University from 1984 to 1990. He then became director of the department of operations research at Fudan University from 1990 to 1995, after which he moved to the business school of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology in Australia.

## Selected publications

* Kwan, Mei-ko (1960), "奇偶点图上作业法" [Graphic programming using odd or even points], Acta Mathematica Sinica (in Chinese), 10: 263–266, MR 0162630. Translated in Chinese Mathematics 1, American Mathematical Society, 1962, pp. 273–277.
* Guan, Meigu; Zheng, Handing (1983), 线性规划 [Linear Programming] (in Chinese), Shandong Science and Technology Press.
* Guan, Meigu (1984), "On the windy postman problem", Discrete Applied Mathematics, 9 (1): 41–46, doi:10.1016/0166-218X(84)90089-1, MR 0754427.
* Guan, Meigu (1989), "Graph theory in China", Graph theory and its applications: East and West (Jinan, 1986), Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 576, New York: New York Academy of Sciences, pp. 203–218, doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb16400.x, MR 1110817, S2CID 86165306.
# Bing's recognition theorem

In topology, a branch of mathematics, Bing's recognition theorem, named for R. H. Bing, asserts that a necessary and sufficient condition for a 3-manifold M to be homeomorphic to the 3-sphere is that every Jordan curve in M be contained within a topological ball. It is a weak version of the Poincaré conjecture.
# Murray Watkinson

Murray Paul Watkinson (11 June 1939 – 19 January 2004) was a New Zealand rower. He competed at the 1964 and 1972 Summer Olympics in the single sculls and placed fifth and tenth, respectively. He won a European bronze medal in this event in 1971.
Watkinson was born in 1939. He started training at the West End Rowing Club in 1953 when he was 13 years old. He won his first major title, a silver medal in the double sculls, at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, partnering with his brother Peter. At the 1964 European Rowing Championships in Amsterdam, he came fourth in the single sculls. Two months later at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, he came fifth. Watkinson competed as one of the favourites in single sculls at the 1967 European Rowing Championships in Vichy, France, but did not reach the final.
Watkinson's health declined during his later years. He was one of the few New Zealanders to have received a heart-liver transplant. He died in 2004.
# Samogród

Samogród is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szudziałowo, within Sokółka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.
# 8-Bromocaffeine

8-Bromocaffeine is a derivative of caffeine (a xanthine class), which is used as a radiosensitizer in the radiotherapy of tumors to increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation treatment.

## Synthesis

8-Bromocaffeine is produced in an electrophilic aromatic substitution by direct bromination with bromine in glacial acetic acid. Added sodium acetate acts as an acid scavenger for the hydrogen bromide that is formed. The elemental bromine can also be prepared in situ by oxidizing sodium bromide in an aqueous caffeine solution with hydrogen peroxide. Yields of 85% have been reported.

## Properties

The caffeine derivative is a white and odorless solid with a melting point of 206 °C.

## Uses

The substance acts as a radiomodulator, especially as a radiosensitizer In the radiotherapy of brain tumors, an increased sensitivity of the tumor cells, induced by 8-bromocaffeine, was observed.
# Dennie Oxley

Dennie Ray Oxley II (born December 22, 1970) is a former Democratic member of the Indiana House of Representatives, representing the 73rd District from 1998 until 2008.
In 2008 he ran for Lieutenant Governor of Indiana with Jill Long Thompson in the Indiana gubernatorial election, 2008, but lost to Mitch Daniels and Becky Skillman 57–40.
Oxley was arrested in 2009 for misrepresenting himself as a state legislator to a police officer to avoid arrest for public intoxication. He was found guilty and given three months probation.
# Fenella Mukangara

Fenella Ephraim Mukangara (born 13 December 1955) is a Tanzanian CCM politician and a special seat Member of Parliament since 2010. She is the current Minister of Information, Culture and Sports.
# Agara, Bengaluru

Agara Bangalore is a panchayat village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Bangalore South taluk of Bangalore Urban district in Karnataka, on Outer Ring Road, near Koramangala and HSR Layout. The Agara Bus Stop connects Koramangla with ITPL, Varthur, etc. Agara is visited for its Oriyan temple, Agara Lake, Ayyappa Temple & Aanjaneya Temple. After winning the Sreerangapattana war, the British moved their army to Banaglore. In British times, it was one of the biggest army cantonments in south Asia. Madras Engineer Groups was operating from Agara.
# Tartak, Siemiatycze County

Tartak is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nurzec-Stacja, within Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.
# Nathaniel Millar

Nathaniel Malcolm Millar (10 May 1915 – 3 June 2011) was a New Zealand fencer who won a silver medal at the 1950 British Empire Games.
Born in the Dunedin suburb of Roslyn on 10 May 1915, Millar was the son of Daisy Stewart Millar (née Carrodus) and David Young Malcolm Millar. During World War II he served as a petty officer in the Royal New Zealand Navy, and on 9 February 1943 he married Patricia Anne Jenks at St Matthew's Church in Auckland.
He won the silver medal alongside Charles Dearing, Austen Gittos and Murray Gittos as part of the men's foil team at the 1950 British Empire Games.
Millar died in Hamilton on 3 June 2011.
# Hammah

Hammah is a municipality in the district of Stade, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## History

Hammah belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712-1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hammah, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.

## Religion

In ecclesiastical respect the Lutherans in Hammah are parishioners of the Himmelpforten Parish.
# Samułki Małe

Samułki Małe is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wyszki, within Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Wyszki, 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Bielsk Podlaski, and 26 km (16 mi) south of the regional capital Białystok.
# Henry Ware (lawyer)

Sir Henry Gabriel Ware, KCB (23 July 1912 – 12 October 1989) was a British lawyer and government official.

## Career

Born on 23 July 1912, Ware was educated at Marlborough College and St John's College, Oxford; he was admitted a solicitor in 1938, and joined the Treasury Solicitor's Department in February 1939 as a Junior Legal Assistant. After the Second World War broke out, he joined the Royal Artillery and became a lance corporal; he was commissioned a second lieutenant in December 1939, and was later promoted to captain. For the decade after the war, he served as a legal adviser to the Ministry of Transport and was briefly involved in the establishment of the Independent Television Authority, before moving in 1955 to the Admiralty and the Air Ministry, where he was concerned with such issues as the status of the Sovereign Bases in Cyprus and the future of the naval dockyards in Malta. In the mid-1960s he was Principal Legal Adviser to the Department of Economic Affairs, and worked to draft parts of the July Measures (1966) to stave off a devaluation of the Pound (this failed to prevent to the 1967 Sterling crisis). In 1969, he became Deputy Treasury Solicitor, and in 1971 secured promotion to be HM Procurator General and Treasury Solicitor, serving until 1975.
Having been appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1971, Ware was promoted to Knight Commander the following year. In retirement, he lived in Surrey. He died on 12 October 1989, three years after his wife Gloria, née Platt, had died. Three of their four children were alive at the time of his death.
# Nilok

Nilok is a village located in Bonth Block of Bhadrak district in the Indian state of Odisha. It is situated 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) away from sub-district headquarters Bant and 28 km (17 mi) away from district headquarters Bhadrak. As per 2009 stats, Nilok is the gram panchayat of Nilok village.
The area covers 149 hectares (370 acres).

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Nilok had a population of 1,119 (550 male and 569 female), with an effective literacy rate of 86.97%. About 256 houses are present. Infrastructure
Priyabrata Bridge connects the village to Bonth road, while Viku Bridge connects to Gharapada village.
The village has many ponds. Bada Pokhari is a large pond that covers 3 acres (1.2 ha).

## Economy

Agriculture is the primary occupation, although some have businesses. A market is nearby. Every family has at least a bike and a TV. The village has a cable tv connection.

## Transport

| Type | Status |
| Public Bus Service | Available within village |
| Private Bus Service | Available within village |
| Railway Station | Available within 10+ km distance |

## Education

The village has a Primary School, High School, Sanskrit School and a Sishu Mandir.
| School Type | Name of the School |
| Primary | Harihar Nodal UP School |
| High School | Nilok High School Nilok |
| Sanskrit School | Babaji Charan Sanskrit Vidyalay |
| | Adarsha Bidyalaya |
| Sishu Mandir | Sadhana Vidya Mandir |

## Culture

The name of the village means the place surrounded by oceans. Nilok is famous for Makar Mela, the festival of Maa Baulasuni temple. Other festivals include Rakshaya Bandhan, Ratha, and Dola Purnima. Durga puja, Laxmi puja, Ganesh Puja and Saraswati puja are also celebrated.

### Temples

* Shiva Mandir
* Maa Mangala (Mangala Danda VP)
* Jagannath Mandir
* Maa Tarini Mandir
* Maa Baulasuni Temple
* Kalibasuli
* Gramadebati
* Mangala
* Budhijagulai