OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of manuscripts

This is a list of famous manuscripts.

## Historical

* Carte Manuscripts
* Codex Nuttall 16th century, Mixtec
* Red Book of Hergest 14th about century, Welsh
* Voynich manuscript unknown language
* Rohonc Codex mostly known as an unknown or 19th-century attempt to forge Hungarian (Székely) Runes

## Literary

* Acallam na Senórach
* Banshenchas
* Leabhar Cloinne Aodha Buidhe
* Tochmarc Emire
* Yellow Book of Lecan

## Religious

* Akilattirattu Ammanai, 19th century
* Alexandrian text-type, 3rd century
* Arul Nool, 19th century
* Book of Armagh, 9th century
* Book of Kells, 9th century
* Book of Lismore
* Cathach of St. Columba
* Codex Amiatinus, Vulgate, c. 700
* Codex Argenteus, Gothic Bible, 6th century
* Codex Gigas, the largest manuscript of the World, 13th century
* Codex Sinaiticus, 4th century
* Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209, 4th century
* Codex Bezae, 5th century
* Codex Washingtonianus, 4th or 5th century
* Dead Sea scrolls
* Freising manuscripts, 10th century
* The Garland of Howth, late 9th to early 10th centuries
* Gospels of Tsar Ivan Alexander, 1355–56
* Lindisfarne Gospels, late 7th or early 8th century
* Nag Hammadi library
* Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry early 15th century
* Uthman Qur'an, 8th century
* Utrecht Psalter, 9th century
* The Coffin Texts, 19th century BC

## Scientific

* Codex Leicester, 15th century
* Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis, a.k.a. Stockholm Papyrus describes some chemical processes in use in Egypt c. 1st century AD

## Other

* Vergilius Augusteus, Vergilius Romanus and Vergilius Vaticanus, 4th and 5th centuries
* The Great Book of Ireland, 20th century
* Book of Leinster
* Collectio canonum Hibernensis
* Trinity College, Dublin Ms 1317
# General Holiefield

General Holiefield (June 6, 1953 – March 9, 2015) was an American labor union leader.
Born in Middletown, Ohio, Holiefield was known as "Rob" while growing up, but in adulthood went by his legal name of "General". In 1973, he found work at Chrysler's Jefferson Assembly Plant in Detroit. He joined the United Auto Workers (UAW), and after he was fired from his job, the union helped him reclaim the position. This inspired him to become active in the union, and in 1993 he was elected as president of his local.
In 1995, Holiefield began working full-time for the UAW's Chrysler Department, initially covering servicing, and then from 1997, as Appeals Board Co-ordinator. In 1999, he became an assistant director of the department, and then in 2002 assistant to the vice-president. In 2006, he won election as vice-president of the UAW, leading its Chrysler Department, the first African American to hold the post.
Holiefield led the union's negotiations with Chrysler on pay and conditions, and in 2009 helped persuade Barack Obama's automotive task force to give aid to the company, rather than liquidate it. In 2010, he was additionally elected as a vice-president of the AFL-CIO. In 2012 and 2013, he agreed to longer shifts for workers at Chrysler, something which was unpopular with union members.
In 2011, Holiefield was arrested in connection with domestic violence, but no charges were pressed. In 2013, he shot his wife, in what he described as an accident which occurred when he was cleaning his guns. He took a leave of absence for a month, and when he returned to work, he was soon diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, and took early retirement in 2014. He died the following year.
Holiefield also served on the board of directors of the NAACP, and held membership of the Michigan Democratic Party.
In 2017, Holiefield's wife, and his negotiating counterpart at Chrysler, were indicted over a fraud in which they embezzled more than $2 million of Chrysler money. His wife was later sentenced to 18 months in prison for her part in the crime.
# William Konyha

William Konyha (May 11, 1915 – December 27, 2001) was a carpenter and an American labor leader. He was president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America from January 1, 1980 to October 31, 1982.
He was born in 1915 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Louis and Mary (Gabor) Konyha. His father was a carpenter. He was educated in public schools, and attended a four-year trade school before becoming a carpenter in 1936. He joined Local 1180 in Cleveland.
In 1939, Konyha was elected president of Local 11800 and business manager for the Cleveland District Council of Carpenters.
During World War II, Konyha served in the Seabees and served and saw combat in the South Pacific.
After the war, he attended Chicago Technical College from 1945 to 1947.
In 1947, he was hired as an organizer by the international Carpenters union. In 1952, he became a staff representative, and began servicing contracts throughout Ohio.
In 1960, Konyha was elected president of the Ohio State Council of Carpenters. In 1962, he was elected president of the Ohio AFL-CIO.
He resigned both positions in 1970 when he was elected a vice president of the international Carpenters union representing District 3. He was elected second vice president in 1972, and first vice president in 1973.
Konyha was appointed to the Federal Apprentice Committee by President Richard Nixon.
After the retirement of William Sidell in 1979, Konyha was elected his successor as president of the Carpenters union. In 1980, Konyha was elected a vice president of the AFL-CIO, and he won a full term as Carpenters president in 1981.
In 1981, Konyha invited President Ronald Reagan to be honorary chair of the union's 100th anniversary celebration. Reagan agreed. In the interim, Reagan asked Congress for tax cuts and fired striking federal air traffic controllers. Konyha spent the intervening months attacking Reagan's tax policy, and defended the right of federal workers to strike after Reagan's speech. Nevertheless, the bad blood between the two men did not prevent Reagan from appointing Konyha to the National Productivity Advisory Committee later that year.

## Retirement

Konyha unexpectedly resigned a year into his term. He quit the presidency on October 31, 1982. No reason was given for his sudden announcement. First vice president Patrick J. Campbell succeeded him as interim president.
Once retired, Konyha raised racehorses. In 1991, Konyha and a group of investors (which included a former Ohio state racing commissioner) bought Finger Lakes Race Track near Syracuse, New York.
Konyha and his wife, Evelyn, had six children. He was preceded in death by one son.
# Nat LaCour

Nat LaCour (February 11, 1938 - October 10, 2020) was an American labor union leader and teacher. From 1971 to 1998, he was president of United Teachers of New Orleans (UTNO), American Federation of Teachers Local 527, the longest serving president in the local's history. Under his leadership, UTNO became the largest teachers union in the Deep South, eventually representing more than 7000 teachers, paraprofessionals, school secretaries, and administrative clericals.
Originally a school teacher with the New Orleans public schools, he signed up as a member of AFT Local 527 on his first day of teaching in 1961. In the middle of the decade, seeing how some of his fellow teachers were mistreated, he became more of an activist. In 1969, he was elected vice-president of the local, and in 1971, he was elected president. In 1972 he engineered along with Cheryl Epling, president of the rival and mostly White Orleans Educators' Association (OEA) and Bob Crowley, the Executive Director of the NEA affiliate in New Orleans, a merger with the National Education Association local to form United Teachers of New Orleans (UTNO). In 1974, UTNO became the first teachers' union in the Deep South to win a contract without the protection of a state public employee collective bargaining law.
LaCour was elected a vice president of the AFT, and in 1998 was elected to the newly formed position of executive vice president of the union. In 2004, LaCour was elected secretary-treasurer of the union after the retirement of AFT president Sandra Feldman and the election of secretary-treasurer Edward J. McElroy as president. The same year, he was elected to the executive council of the AFL-CIO.
LaCour is a founding member of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards, and serves on the board of directors of the Albert Shanker Institute, National Democratic Institute, the A. Philip Randolph Institute and the Coalition of Black Trade Unionists.
On February 11, 2008, LaCour announced he would retire as Secretary-Treasurer of the AFT at its regularly scheduled biennial convention in Chicago in July 2008.
# Nicolas Dondeau

Nicolas Dondeau (25 March 1752 – 21 October 1834) was a French lawyer and politician who was Minister of Police during the French Revolution.

## Early years

Nicolas Dondeau was born at Fontaine-Denis, Marne, on 25 March 1752. His parents were sieur Claude Dondeau and Catherine Bregeon. He was made principal of Anchin College in Douai in 1772. He became an advocate at the parliament of Douai in 1785, where he exercised various administration and judicial functions. On 23 April 1786 he married Marguerite-Françoise Davesnes, daughter of an advocate at the parliament of Flanders. In May 1791 he was a municipal commissioner of Douai, and in the absence of Louis-Joseph Art was acting as procureur of the commune. Dondeau entered the administration and became a head of division in the Ministry of the General Police under Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai.

## Minister

Dondeau was named Minister of the General Police on 25 Pluvôise VI (13 February 1798). He replaced Pierre Jean-Marie Sotin de La Coindière. His conduct as a minister was sensible and moderate. On 22 Ventôse VI (12 March 1798) he addressed a letter to justices of the peace and officers of the police recommending that they repress libertinism. On 12 Germinal VI (1 April 1798) he sent another letter about the troubles stirred up by agitators during public performances, who stubbornly demanded symphonies, airs or dances that had not been announced on the posters. On 24 Floréal VI (13 May 1798) he wrote to the director of the theater of Montansier saying he had heard that actors were appearing on stage with their hair in rolls, which he described as an insolent scandal.

## Later career

On 27 Floréal VI (16 May 1798) Dondeau resigned as minister and was replaced by Marie Jean François Philibert Lecarlier. The same day he was named administrator of the lotteries in place of Thabaud de Surins, who had been elected deputy. In 1800 he was named judge of the criminal court of the department of Seine-et-Marne. He became a counselor of the court, and retired on 17 January 1816. He died at Provins, Seine-et-Marne, on 21 October 1834.
# Joseph Nigro

Joseph J. Nigro (April 27, 1950 – October 24, 2018) was an American labor union leader.
Born in Quincy, Massachusetts, Nigro became a sheet metal worker in Boston, and joined the Sheet Metal Workers' International Association. In 2011, he won election as general president of the international union. He also became a vice-president of the AFL-CIO.
As leader of the union, he completed a merger which formed the International Association of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail and Transportation Workers. He became the new union's founding president, but was in increasingly poor health and so retired in 2015. He died three years later.
# Charles H. Pillard

Charles H. Pillard (October 26, 1918 – April 26, 1999) was an American labor union leader.
Born in Buffalo, New York, Pillard worked as an electrician, and joined the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW). During World War II, he served in the United States Army, and was promoted to captain, and awarded the Bronze Star. After the war, he soon began working for the union, becoming business manager of his local, then president of the New York State Federation of Electrical Workers, and a member of the IBEW's executive council. He also served as director of a technical school in New York City.
In 1968, Pillard was elected as president of IBEW, in which role he increased its membership to more than one million workers. The union successfully sued the Nixon administration over federal wage controls that disadvantaged the working poor, and won a case against Westinghouse which granted the union access to information on its treatment of women and minority groups. In 1986, IBEW members kept working at AT&T factories while members of the Communication Workers of America were on strike, something which led to a dispute between the unions. In its aftermath, Pillard retired.
Pillard served on a large number of committees, including as a vice-president of the AFL-CIO, and as vice-chair of the President's Committee on the Employment of the Handicapped.
# Trey Allen

Curtis Hudson "Trey" Allen III (born November 20, 1974) is an American lawyer who serves as an associate justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court. He was elected in November 2022.

## Early life and education

Allen was born in Lumberton, North Carolina. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science from the University of North Carolina at Pembroke in 1997 and a Juris Doctor from the University of North Carolina School of Law in 2000.

## Career

From 2000 to 2005, Allen served in the United States Marine Corps. During his service, Allen was deployed to Iraq and was a member of the United States Marine Corps Judge Advocate Division. Allen later served as a law clerk for Paul Martin Newby and worked as an attorney at Tharrington Smith LLP in Raleigh, North Carolina. He was the Albert and Gladys Hall Coates Distinguished Term associate Professor of Public Law and Government at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and served as general counsel to the North Carolina Administrative Office of the Courts. Allen was elected to the North Carolina Supreme Court in November 2022, unseating incumbent Democrat Sam J. Ervin IV.
# Ed Sullivan (unionist)

Edward C. Sullivan is a former American labor union leader.
Born in Boston, Sullivan became an assistant elevator mechanic in 1964, and joined the International Union of Elevator Constructors. 17 years later, he was elected as business manager of his union local. In the post, he campaigned for democratic reforms in the international union. This was successful, and in 1996, he was appointed as assistant to the union's president, and then in 1998 he won election as president of the union.
In 2000, Sullivan was elected president of the Building and Construction Trades Department, AFL-CIO. In the post, he created the Helmets to Hardhats to encourage military veterans to work in the industry, and he formed the Construction Users Roundtable to work with employers. On election, he faced opposition from some affiliates, which culminated in the resignation of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters and United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America. However, he won over the remaining affiliates and solidified his position.
Sullivan was also elected as a vice-president of the AFL-CIO. From 2003, he served as secretary-treasurer of Ullico. He also chaired the boards of directors of the National Coordinating Committee for Multi-employer Plans and the Center to Protect Workers' Rights. He retired from all his posts in 2007, but accepted a general board seat on Ullico.
In 1997, Sullivan received the Gompers-Murray-Meany Award, the top award of the Massachusetts AFL-CIO.
# Mons, Queensland

Mons is a rural residential locality in the Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It is part of the Buderim urban centre. In the 2021 census, Mons had a population of 1,179 people.

## History

The name Mons commemorates a Battle of Mons that took place in 1914 during World War I in Belgium.
Buderim Road State School opened on 7 February 1916, but was soon renamed Mons State School. It closed in 1974.
The former Forest Glen Deer Sanctuary was on the Tanawha Tourist Drive (26°42′06″S 153°01′05″E﻿ / ﻿26.7016°S 153.0180°E﻿ / -26.7016; 153.0180﻿ (Forest Glen Deer Sanctuary)). The site was redeveloped as a private mansion.

## Demographics

In the 2006 census, Mons had a population of 683 people.
In the 2016 census, Mons had a population of 946 people.
In the 2021 census, Mons had a population of 1,179 people.

## Education

There are no schools in Mons. The nearest government primary schools are Buderim Mountain State School in neighbouring Buderim to the east, Chevallum State School in neighbouring Chevallum to the south-west and Kuluin State School in Kuluin to the north-east. The nearest government secondary schools are Chancellor State College in Sippy Downs to the south-east and Maroochydore State High School in Maroochydore to the north-east.
# Papa Loves Mambo

"Papa Loves Mambo" is a popular song written by Al Hoffman, Dick Manning, and Bix Reichner and released in 1954.
The best-known version was recorded by Perry Como with Mitchell Ayres's orchestra in New York City on August 31, 1954. The U.S. release peaked at No. 4 on the Billboard chart in January 1955. The recording was part of a wave of popular mambo music in the U.S. alongside songs like "They Were Doin' the Mambo" and "Mambo Italiano".

## Other recordings

* Bing Crosby also recorded the song in 1954 for use on his radio show and it was subsequently included in the CD El Senor Bing [Deluxe Edition] issued in 2013.
* Johnnie Ray – a single release for Columbia Records (1955).
* Nat King Cole – a single release for Capitol Records (1954).

## In popular culture

* The Perry Como version was originally planned to be used in the 1985 movie Back to the Future as the song that played when Marty McFly enters the 1955 version of Hill Valley, but was scrapped by the producers in favor of The Four Aces' version of "Mister Sandman". Instead, "Papa Loves Mambo" plays on Biff Tannen's car radio as he drives to the Enchantment Under the Sea dance in the 1989 sequel Back to the Future: Part II.
* The Como recording was also featured in the Season 8 episode of The Middle titled "The Par-Tay."
* The Nat King Cole version was featured in the first episode of Season 2 of Only Murders in the Building. The episode was titled "Persons of Interest" and was telecast on June 28, 2022.
* The Como version was also featured in the 2007 action game Bioshock.
* The Como record was also heard during the credits of the 2010 film Red.
* A snippet of Como's recording is also found during a montage of failed attempts in the 2001 film Ocean's Eleven.
* The song is also featured in the 2013 film No Clue.

## Chart positions

| Chart (1954/1955) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 1 |
# George Knox

George Knox may refer to:
* George Knox (MP, died 1827) (1765–1827), Irish member of the United Kingdom parliament
* George Knox (MP, died 1741), Irish MP for County Donegal
* Sir George Edward Knox (1845–1922), British judge in India
* Sir George Hodges Knox (1885–1960), Australian politician
* George L. Knox (1841–1927), escaped slave, activist, publisher and author
* George L. Knox II (1916–1964), U.S. Army Air Force officer and Tuskegee airman
* George William Knox (1853–1912), American theologian
* George Williams Knox (1838–1894), British soldier
* George A. Knox, zoologist and namesake of Mount Knox
# Bromism

Bromism is the syndrome which results from the long-term consumption of bromine, usually through bromine-based sedatives such as potassium bromide and lithium bromide. Bromism was once a very common disorder, being responsible for 5 to 10% of psychiatric hospital admissions, but is now uncommon since bromide was withdrawn from clinical use in many countries and was severely restricted in others.

## Presentation
### Neurological and psychiatric

    Neurological and psychiatric symptoms are widely variable. Common symptoms may include restlessness, irritability, ataxia, confusion, hallucinations, psychosis, weakness, stupor, and, in severe cases, coma.

### Gastrointestinal

    Gastrointestinal effects include nausea and vomiting as acute adverse effects. Chronic exposure may lead to anorexia or constipation.

### Dermatological

    Dermatological effects include cherry angiomas, acneiform, and pustular and erythematous rashes.

## Cause

High levels of bromide chronically impair the membrane of neurons, which progressively impairs neuronal transmission, leading to toxicity, known as bromism. Bromide has an elimination half-life of 9 to 12 days, which can lead to excessive accumulation. Doses of 0.5 to 1 gram per day of bromide can lead to bromism. Historically, the therapeutic dose of bromide is about 3 to 5 grams of bromide, thus explaining why chronic toxicity (bromism) was once so common. While significant and sometimes serious disturbances occur to neurologic, psychiatric, dermatological, and gastrointestinal functions, death is rare from bromism.
Bromism is caused by a neurotoxic effect on the brain which results in somnolence, psychosis, seizures, and delirium. Bromism has also been caused by excessive consumption of soda that contains brominated vegetable oil, leading to headache, fatigue, ataxia, memory loss, and potentially inability to walk as observed in one case.

## Diagnosis

Bromism is diagnosed by checking the serum chloride level, electrolytes, glucose, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, as well as symptoms such as psychosis. Bromine is also radiopaque, so an abdominal X-ray may also help in the diagnosis.

## Treatment

There are no specific antidotes or protocols for bromide poisoning of the body. Increased intake of regular salt and water, which increases the flow of the related chloride ion through the body, is one way of flushing out the bromide. Furosemide may help aid urinary excretion in individuals with renal impairment or where bromide toxicity is severe. In one case, hemodialysis was used to reduce bromide's half-life to 1.38h, dramatically improving the patient's condition.
Iodine deficiency is also linked to weaker (less detectable) forms of bromism. Iodine and bromine are closely related to each other in behavior (and location on the periodic table) and high levels of bromine will displace iodine in tissues and blood when there is an opportunity to do so. Supplementary intake of iodine should be preceded by a salt loading protocol, or consumption of dietary sulfur beforehand.
# Perelman

Perelman (Hebrew: פרלמן) is an Ashkenazi Jewish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bob Perelman (b. 1947), American poet
* Chaïm Perelman (1912–1984), Polish-born Belgian philosopher of law
* Deb Perelman, creator of the Smitten Kitchen blog
* Grigori Perelman (b. 1966), Russian mathematician who proved the Poincaré conjecture
* Mikhail Perelman (1923–2002), Soviet gymnast, winner of Olympic gold medal
* Omer Perelman Striks (b. 1993), Israeli actor
* Raymond G. Perelman (1917–2019), American businessman and philanthropist
* Richard B. Perelman, author of Perelman's Pocket Cyclopedia of Cigars
* Ronald Perelman (b.1943), American banker, businessman, and investor
* S. J. Perelman (1904–1979), American humorist, author, and screenwriter
* Sean Kanan (b. 1966 as Sean Perelman), American actor
* Vadim Perelman (b. 1963), Ukrainian-born Canadian-American film director
* Yakov Perelman (1882–1942), Soviet science-writer and author of popular science-books