OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Teltow and Magdeburg Wars

The Teltow and Magdeburg Wars were fought between 1239 and 1245 over possession of Barnim and Teltow in the present-day federal German state of Brandenburg. They took place in the 13th century during the course of the Eastern German Expansion. The opposing sides during the armed conflict, which took place on two fronts simultaneously, were:
* The Margraviate of Brandenburg, led by the Ascanian rulers John I, Margrave of Brandenburg and Otto III, Margrave of Brandenburg.
* The Margravate of Meissen, led by Henry III, Margrave of Meissen of the House of Wettin, and Wilbrand von Käfernburg, the then-Archbishop of Magdeburg.
At the time the Ascanians were expanding Cölln as trade centre and economic competitor to the House of Wettin's Köpenick, which laid the foundations for Berlin's subsequent economic and political domination of the area. After Ascanian victory in 1245 the Barnim and Teltow plateaus remained as part of the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the subsequent Prussian Province of Brandenburg well beyond the unification of Germany in 1871. Since 1920 huge parts of the plateaus form part of Greater Berlin, itself no part of Brandenburg any more, but a city-state within Germany, whereas the parts of the plateaus further away from Berlin city centre form now parts of the present districts Barnim and Teltow-Fläming in the State of Brandenburg.
# Myat Phaya

Princess Myat Phaya (Burmese: ထိပ်စုမြတ်ဖုရား; born in Madras at 7 March 1886 – 21 July 1962), was a Burmese royal princess and Head of the Royal House of Konbaung. She was the third daughter of the last ruling king of Burma, King Thibaw and his queen Supayalat.

## Biography

Myat Phaya was born on 7 March 1886 at Madras, British India. She returned to Burma from Ratnagiri in 1915. Later, she had served as Patron of the King Thibaw Funeral Committee in 1949, and the association for Buddhism as the National Religion in 1958.
Myat Phaya married her first husband, Prince Hteik Tin Kodawgyi, in 1921 and divorced him in 1930. He was the son of Maung Maung Thaung, by his wife Princess (Hteik Hteik Hkaung-tin) Aye, the Princess of War Nwe Gone, daughter of Crown prince Kanaung Mintha. She gave birth to their only daughter, Phaya Rita, also known as Hteik Su Gyi Phaya who married her cousin Taw Phaya, a son of the Princess Myat Phaya Galay.
Myat Phaya married her second husband, Mya U (who died during the Japanese occupation), a lawyer, on 25 June 1931. She died from cancer on 21 July 1962 at her home in Maymyo.
# Brendan Bermingham

Brendan Birmingham (born 2 May 1956 in Lusmagh, County Offaly) is an Irish retired sportsperson. He played hurling with his local club Lusmagh and has been a member of the Offaly senior inter-county team from 1978 until 1986.
# David Howard (Montana politician)

David Howard (born October 19, 1946) is an American politician and a Republican member of the Montana Senate, representing District 29 since 2015. Previously, he served in the Montana House of Representatives and represented District 60, which represents the Stillwater County and part of the Sweet Grass County area, from 2009 to 2015.
# Al Simmons (disambiguation)

Al Simmons (1902–1956) was an American baseball player.
Al Simmons may also refer to:
* Al Simmons (musician) (born 1948), Canadian musician
* Al Simmons (ice hockey) (1951–2024), Canadian ice hockey player
* Al Simmons, real name of Spawn, an Image Comics character
# The Monster's Christmas

The Monster's Christmas is a 1981 New Zealand Christmas fantasy television film produced by Television New Zealand.
The movie tells the tale of a young girl who is approached by a monster from one of her storybooks to help him and other monsters regain their voices that have been stolen by a wicked witch. According to distributor Gibson Group, it was "deliberately written and planned as a location film, it incorporates many of New Zealand’s beautiful scenic spots". A region 1 DVD was released in 2004.
On December 23, 2022, Rifftrax released a commentary on the film.
# Alexander Owens

Alexander Owens is an Irish judge who has served as a Judge of the High Court since February 2019. He formerly worked as a barrister with an expertise in criminal law.

## Education

Owens attended Trinity College Dublin where he obtained a BA. He studied to become a barrister at the King's Inns.

## Legal career

He was called to the Bar in 1980 and became a senior counsel in 2000. His practice focused on criminal law, and the law of conveyancing, local government and chancery law. He also appeared in cases involving company law and personal injuries.
He frequently appeared on behalf of the Director of Public Prosecutions. He prosecuted criminal trials of a serious nature involving sexual offences, kidnapping, murder, waste offences, and terrorism offences. He appeared for the Minister for Justice in an action relating to the publication of the Cloyne Report.
He was appointed Deputy Chairman of the Panel of Enquiry of the University of Dublin in 2004 and subsequently became the chair.

## Judicial career

Owens was appointed a judge of the High Court in February 2019. He has presided over cases involving extradition, sexual offences, murder, manslaughter, false imprisonment, and the proceeds of crime. Outside of criminal law he has heard cases involving child law, property, and personal injury law.
He became a judge of the Special Criminal Court in July 2019, replacing Aileen Donnelly. He has acted as the presiding judge in that court.
Notable cases he has presided over include the trial of Circuit Court judge Gerard O'Brien in December 2023, and the trial of Conor McGregor in November 2024.
# Convention of Gramido

The Convention of Gramido was an agreement signed on 29 June 1847, in the Casa Branca (White House) of Gramido, in Valbom, Portugal. It marked the conclusion of the Patuleia, a civil war between the Septembrists and the Cartistas. The Convention was signed by the commanders of the Spanish and British forces acting under the Quadruple Alliance, the representative of the Portuguese government in Lisbon, and representatives from the Junta in Porto. The agreement ended the conflict on terms that, while conciliatory in tone, solidified the Cartistas' victory and strengthened the position of Queen Maria II's government.

## The agreement

The Convention was signed by representatives from the warring parties and allied powers. Lieutenant General Manuel de la Concha and Colonel Buenaga represented Spain, while Colonel Wilde acted on behalf of the United Kingdom. The Portuguese government was represented by the Marquis of Loulé and the Junta of Porto by General César de Vasconcelos.
The agreement established several provisions to ensure peace and stability. The cities of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia were to be temporarily occupied by Spanish troops to ensure stability, with British forces stationed at strategic points such as the Fort São João Baptista da Foz and allied warships stationed in the Douro River. The allied powers guaranteed the safety and property of Porto's residents and promised honorable treatment for the defeated Junta’s officers, allowing them to retain their personal weapons and horses. Soldiers were permitted to return to their hometowns without reprisals, and freedom of movement was granted to those wishing to leave or return to Portugal. Captured weapons were surrendered peacefully, and the Allies committed to advocating for improved conditions for former Royalist army officers.

## Consequences

The Convention ended the civil war and restored order in northern Portugal. Despite its conciliatory tone, resentment persisted among Queen Maria II and her supporters toward the defeated Septembrists. This resentment led to punitive actions against the opposition, fostering political instability that contributed to the outbreak of the Regeneration (Regeneração) in 1851.

## Casa Branca

The Casa Branca of Gramido, where the Convention was signed was acquired by the municipality of Gondomar in 1989 and restored in the 1990s. In 2014, it served as an interactive tourism office with exhibitions and in in 2023, it became the home of the Municipal Filigree Museum (Museu Municipal da Filigrana), showcasing the region's filigree tradition.
# Brendan Kelly (hurler)

Brendan Kelly (born 1968) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a midfielder for the Offaly senior team.
Kelly joined the team during the 1986-87 National League and was a regular member of the starting fifteen for over a decade. During that time he won one All-Ireland winners' medal, three Leinster winners' medals and one National Hurling League winners' medal.
At club level Kelly is a one-time county club championship medalist with Lusmagh.
# Tom L. Burnett

Tom L. Burnett (born January 1, 1954) is an American politician and a Republican Party former member of the Montana House of Representatives. He represented District 63 from 2013 to 2015, and District 67 from 2015 to 2021.
Born in Sheridan, Montana, Burnett is a graduate of Montana State University. Burnett owned and operated a small business, Marathon Seat Covers, from 1978 until March 2007.

## Early life, education, and career

Burnett was born in Sheridan, Montana and raised in Bozeman, Montana. He is the son of Darwin Burnett, a school teacher, and Barbara Burnett, a full-time homemaker. He graduated from Bozeman Senior High School. Burnett received his undergraduate degree in agriculture from Montana State University, where he graduated with honors.
He was unsuccessful in his first race for Montana District 63, losing in 2008 to Jennifer Pomnichowski. He ran again in 2010 against Jennifer Pomnichowski and was elected. In 2012 he was defeated by Franke Wilmer.
In 2014 he was elected as Representative of District 67, beating Jeannie Brown. He ran again in 2016 beating Mike Houghton.
# Albert Dubuisson

Albert Dubuisson (28 October 1918 – 21 February 1974) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1950 Tour de France.
# Nicolaas Adrianus Rupke

Nicolaas Adrianus Rupke (born 22 January 1944 in Rotterdam) is a Dutch historian of science and biographer, who began his academic career as a marine geologist.
He studied biology and geology at the university of Groningen and geology and the history of science at Princeton and Oxford. Early in his studies, Rupke was a Christian and proponent of Flood geology, but later came to reject this position. When in 1977 he was elected to a Wolfson College, Oxford research position in the history of science, Rupke made this subject his full-time occupation. A series of similar international research posts followed, until in 1993 he took up a professorship at Göttingen University to teach the history of science and medicine. In 2009, Rupke was awarded a Lower Saxony research chair. In 2012, he took up an endowed professorship at Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Virginia, USA.
Rupke is known for his studies of late-modern biology, geology and science & religion. With an interest in the biographical approach, he restored to their contemporary prominence several nineteenth-century scientists, most important among them Richard Owen who well before the appearance of The Origin of Species developed a naturalistic theory of evolution, albeit a non-Darwinian one.
Studies of Alexander von Humboldt came next, in which Rupke developed what he terms the metabiographical approach by exploring how a famous life – in this case Humboldt's – may be multiply retold and reconstructed as part of different belief systems and memory cultures.
Rupke is a fellow of Germany's National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences.

## Selected books

* Distinctive Properties of Turbiditic and Hemipelagic Mud Layers (with Daniel J. Stanley). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1974.
* The Great Chain of History: William Buckland and the English School of Geology (1814–1849). Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983. ISBN 0198229070
* Vivisection in Historical Perspective (ed.). London, Croom Helm, 1987; Routledge, 1988. ISBN 0415050219
* Science, Politics and the Public Good (ed.). London: Macmillan, 1988.
* Medical Geography in Historical Perspective (ed.). London: Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine, 2000. ISBN 0854840729
* Richard Owen: Biology without Darwin (revised ed. of Richard Owen: Victorian Naturalist, New Haven and London: Yale, 1994, ISBN 978-0300058208) Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2009.
* Alexander von Humboldt: A Metabiography (corrected edition). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2008. Rupke, Nicolaas A. (2005). 1st edition. Peter Lang. ISBN 3631539320.
* Eminent Lives in Twentieth-Century Science and Religion (ed.) (revised and much expanded edition). Frankurt a.M.: Lang, 2009. Rupke, Nicolaas A. (2007). 2007 edition. Peter Lang. ISBN 9783631568033.
* Albrecht von Haller im Göttingen der Aufklärung (ed. with Norbert Elsner [de]). Göttingen: Wallstein, 2009.
# John Lee Clark

John Lee Clark (born 1978) is an American deafblind poet, writer, and activist from Minnesota. He is the author of Suddenly Slow (2008) and Where I Stand: On the Signing Community and My DeafBlind Experience (2014), and the editor of anthologies Deaf American Poetry (2009) and Deaf Lit Extravaganza (2013). Clark was the recipient of a 2020 National Magazine Award. He is a prominent activist in the Protactile movement.

## Early life and education

Clark was born into a Deaf and signing family and became blind later in life. His native language is American Sign Language, and he did not learn to read English until he was twelve years old. He started to become blind as an adolescent. He is a second-generation DeafBlind person.
Clark graduated from the Minnesota State Academy for the Deaf and attended Gallaudet University.

## Career

Clark is a Braille and ProTactile instructor in Minnesota.

## Works

Clark is the author of two books of poems, Suddenly Slow (2008) and How to Communicate (2022), and two collections of essays, Where I Stand: On the Signing Community and My DeafBlind Experience (Handtype Press, 2014) and Touch the Future: A Manifesto in Essays (Norton, 2023). He is the editor of anthologies Deaf American Poetry (Gallaudet University Press, 2009) and Deaf Lit Extravaganza (Handtype Press, 2013). His work is included in the anthologies Beauty Is a Verb: The New Poetry of Disability, Deaf American Prose, St. Paul Almanac, and The Nodin Anthology of Poetry.
Clark gave a performative demonstration of protactile poetry at the April 2019 festival I wanna be with you everywhere at Performance Space New York. Using protactile language, he delivered poetry on stage alongside fellow DeafBlind poets Rhonda Voight-Campbell and Hayley Broadway.
Clark is a frequent contributor to Poetry magazine and maintains a blog on his website, where he frequently writes short essays on DeafBlind subjects.

## Activism and views

Clark has expressed frustrations with the limited range of literature available in Braille. He advocates for shorter copyright terms after authors' deaths in order for texts to be accessible in more formats. Clark says reading mostly older literature, due to that being the main thing he has been able to access, has influenced his writing and style.
Clark wrote an article for The Chronicle of Higher Education in 2010 critical of the failure of colleges to accommodate blind and DeafBlind students.
Clark is an activist for the advancement of ProTactile, a fully kinesthetic language.

## Recognition and awards

Clark has won grants and fellowships from the Minnesota State Arts Board, VSA Minnesota, the Laurent Clerc Cultural Fund, Intermedia Arts Center, and The Loft Literary Center. He was a featured writer at the Deaf Way II International Cultural Arts Festival, and was a finalist for the 2016 Split This Rock Freedom Plow Award for Poetry and Activism. Clark's essay "Tactile Art" appeared in Poetry magazine in October 2019 and won the 2020 National Magazine Award for Essays and Criticism.

## Personal life

Clark has Usher syndrome. He is married to the artist Adrean Clark and they have three sons.
# Hat, Nepal

Hat was a village development committee in Baitadi District in the Mahakali Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1,834 and had 330 houses in the village. In 2017 it was merged into Purchaudi Municipality as Municipality headquatar.
# Dina Neal

Dina Neal (born 1972) is an American politician and a Democratic member of the Nevada Senate, serving since November 4, 2020. She represents District 4. Neal is a member of the National Black Caucus of State Legislators.

## Education

Neal earned her BA in political science from Southern University and A&M College and her JD from its Southern University Law Center.

## Elections

* 2010 When Democratic Assemblyman Morse Arberry was term limited and left the District 7 seat open, Neal won the three-way June 8, 2010 Democratic Primary with 1,233 votes (57.16%), and won the November 2, 2010 General election with 8,462 votes (77.45%) against Republican nominee Geraldine Lewis, who had run for the Assembly in 1996 and 2008.
* 2012 Neal won the June 12, 2012 Democratic Primary with 1,490 votes (78.50%), and won the November 6, 2012 General election with 14,496 votes (73.25%) against Republican nominee Brent Leavitt.
* On November 3, 2020, Neal was elected to the Nevada Senate seat representing the 4th district.

## Personal life

Neal is the daughter of Joe Neal, who served as a member of the Nevada Senate from 1973 to 2004. Neal was elected to her father's former seat in 2020. Neal is a professor at Nevada State University.
# Jello Tower

Jello Tower is a 4,510-foot-elevation (1,375-meter) pillar in Grand County, Utah, United States.

## Description

Jello Tower is located within the Park Avenue section of Arches National Park and like many of the rock formations in the park, it is composed of Entrada Sandstone, specifically the Slick Rock Member overlaying the Dewey Bridge Member. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 130 feet (40 meters) above the Park Avenue Trail in 150 feet (46 meters) laterally. Precipitation runoff from Jello Tower drains to the Colorado River via Courthouse Wash. The first ascent of the summit was made in November 1986 by Charlie Fowler and Sue Wint via Soft Parade rock-climbing route. This landform was shown briefly in the opening scene of the 1989 American action-adventure film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade.

## Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Jello Tower is located in a cold semi-arid climate zone with cold winters and hot summers. Spring and fall are the most favorable seasons to experience Arches National Park, when highs average 60 to 80 °F (15 to 25 °C) and lows average 30 to 50 °F (0 to 10 °C). Summer temperatures often exceed 100 °F (40 °C). Winters are cold, with highs averaging 30 to 50 °F (0 to 10 °C), and lows averaging 0 to 20 °F (−20 to −5 °C). As part of a high desert region, it can experience wide daily temperature fluctuations. The park receives an average of less than 10 inches (25 cm) of rain annually.

## Gallery

* Jello Tower centered
* Northeast aspect
* Jello Tower (left) and Argon Tower (right)
* Jello Tower (lower left) and Argon Tower (right)
* Jello Tower (right) viewed from Park Avenue Trail
* Jello Tower is upper right (ESE aspect)
* The view from Park Avenue Overlook. Jello Tower illuminated, left of center.
* Northeast aspect
# Indoreonectes telanganaensis

Indoreonectes telanganaensis is a species of stone loach found in southern India. It was found in a stream locally known as "Maisamma Loddi" flowing from the mountains of Kawal Tiger Reserve. It was named after the state of Telangana and it is the first vertebrate named after Telangana. It grows up to 2 inches.
# Marcus Hannesbo

Marcus Serup Hannesbo (born 11 May 2002) is a Danish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Danish 1st Division club Vendsyssel.

## Club career

A product of the AaB academy, which he joined from hometown club Støvring IF in 2013, Hannesbo made his Danish Superliga debut for AaB on 3 February 2021 in a game against F.C. Copenhagen and scored a goal on his debut. He scored his second goal four days later against Brøndby IF.
On 31 January 2022, Hannesbo joined Danish 1st Division club FC Fredericia on a loan deal until the end of the season. On 8 July 2022, Hannesbo was loaned out again, this time to newly promoted Danish Superliga club AC Horsens.
In July 2023, Hannesbo joined Vendsyssel FF on a deal until June 2026.
# Jana Doleželová

Jana Doleželová (born 23 June 1981 in Šternberk, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech actress, model, pharmacist and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Czech Republic 2004 and was a semi-finalist in Miss World 2004 in China. She gave birth to a daughter with her ex-partner David Trunda in 2017.
# Brian Anderson (Irish boxer)

Brian Anderson (born 22 May 1939) is an Irish boxer. He competed in the men's light welterweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

## Biography

Anderson was born in Carrickmagrath, Ballybofey, County Donegal, Ireland.
In 1958 Anderson went to London where he joined Middle Row Boxing Club. Boxing as a novice, Anderson won the North London Divisional Championships as bantamweight. He later moved up to featherweight, and at this level won the All-London Championships. He left the sport in 1961, but returned to win the lightweight division in 1962.
In May 1964 British Amateur Boxing Association Championships Anderson, now at light-welterweight, defeated the Scottish boxer and Olympic medallist Dick McTaggart in the semi-final, but was controversially beaten by Robert Taylor in the final.
Anderson was selected for the English boxing team for an international match in Hungary in August 1964, and won both his bouts, including one against the Olympian Istvan Toth.
Anderson had been in contention to be picked for the British Olympic team for the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, but McTaggart was actually selected. However, just a month before the Games, Anderson was chosen for the Irish Olympic Team to replace the injured light-welterweight Jim Neill. He was narrowly defeated in a 3-2 decision by the Cambodian Touch Nol in his first match. His close friend Jim McCourt won a bronze medal, with Anderson and team coach Harry Enright in his corner.
In 1965 Anderson won the Irish senior title, claiming the light-welterweight crown.
Anderson returned to his hometown of Carrickmagrath. In 1979, he founded the Twin Towns Boxing Club with his brother, Peter.
Ciara Anderson, his granddaughter, is a multiple Irish boxing champion.
# Ashlee Matthews

Ashlee Matthews is an American politician, a Democrat, she is a member of the Utah House of Representatives representing District 37.
Matthews was the leading vote getter in November 2020, over incumbent Eric Hutchings who had held the position for 18 years. Matthews received 6,114 votes to Hutchings' 5,733. Hutchings had received only 118 more votes than his opponent in 2018.
Matthews, who has worked in the construction department of the Utah Department of Transportation since 2011, ran on a platform to support working-class families, including affordable day care, better public transportation and livable wages. She is a supporter of congressional term limits.
During the 2022 General Session, Matthews served on the Business, Economic Development, and Labor Appropriations Subcommittee, House Business and Labor Committee, House Transportation Committee, and the Occupational and Professional Licensure Review Committee

## Personal life

Matthews was born in West Valley City, Utah. She is married, her husband is a union pipe fitter, and they have two children.
# Albert Jordens

Albert Jordens (24 February 1902 – 23 December 1949) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1925 Tour de France.