OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sophisticated Beggar

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Rolling Stone | |
Sophisticated Beggar is the debut album by the English folk musician Roy Harper. It was released in 1966.

## History

The album consists of Harper's poetry backed by acoustic guitar and recorded with a Revox tape machine by Pierre Tubbs. Tubbs was also the producer of the album, under the pseudonym Peter Richards.
When initially released the album was poorly distributed; only a few thousand were ever made, so to promote the album, Harper designed flyers and personally handed them out to shoppers in Oxford Street, London. The album's liner notes imply that both John Renbourn and Ritchie Blackmore contributed.
On the original vinyl release, after the record needle pans across the run-out groove to the lock groove, there is a recording of Harper saying "Hup hup" over and over again. Some subsequent CD releases have included this recording as a separate track, "Hup Hup Spiral".
The album has subsequently been re-released on a number of different labels, given numerous titles, and had the original track listing altered. Though still available today, Harper only receives royalties for the official Science Friction release.

## Album cover

The album cover was drawn by Lon Goddard who, at the time, was the barman at Les Cousins. Goddard also lived with Harper and his family in Kilburn, London, played 2nd guitar on "October Twelfth" and "Goldfish" and later designed the gatefold cover for Harper's 1970 Harvest release, Flat Baroque and Berserk.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Roy Harper

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog | Title |
| United Kingdom | 1966 | Strike | Vinyl | JHL 105 | Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 1970 | Youngblood | Vinyl | SSYB 7 | The Return of the Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 1972 | Birth | Vinyl | RAB 3 | The Return of the Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 1977 | Big Ben | Vinyl | BBX 502 | The Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 1985 | Avon Music | Cassette | ASK 791 | Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 1989 | Sundown | Vinyl | SDLP051/CDSM 051 | Sophisticated Beggar |
| Germany | 1989 | Magnum | Vinyl | CDSM 051 | Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 1992 | Tring | CD | JHD 064 | Legend |
| United Kingdom | 1994 | Science Friction | CD | HUCD007 | Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 1997 | Mooncrest | CD | CRESTCD 027 | Return of the Sophisticated Beggar |
| Japan | 2006 | Airmail | CD | 1249 | Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 2007 | Beat Goes On | CD | BGO 771.2 | The Return of the Sophisticated Beggar |
| Belgium | 2007 | One Media | CD | 250183 | Sophisticated Beggar |
| United Kingdom | 2009 | Vanilla OMP | CD | | China Girl |

## Personnel

* Bert Jansch
* John Renbourn
* Paul Brett
* Lon Goddard
# Jos Daman

Jos Daman (born 15 October 1945) is a Belgian archer born in the borough of Mechelen, Antwerp. He competed in the men's individual event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Geoconda Navarrete

Geoconda Navarrete Arratia (born 8 September 1969) is a Chilean politician who was elected as a member of the Chilean Constitutional Convention on behalf of the 27th district.
Before being elected to the Constitutional Convention, she served as the Intendant of Aysén Region.
# Caerdroia

A caerdroia is a Welsh turf maze, usually in the sevenfold Cretan labyrinth design. They were created by shepherds on hilltops and were apparently the setting for ritual dances, the nature of which has been lost. At the centre of each caerdroia was a small hillock—in Welsh, twmpath. A gathering for folk dancing in Wales is still called a twmpath dawns. It is a typical labyrinth of Welsh but there is a specimen in Italy to Petrella Tifernina discovered by the historian Mario Ziccardi. This specimen is the only known one in the Mediterranean area for now.

## Etymology

Caerdroea or Caer Droea is a Welsh word meaning "a labyrinth, a maze; maze cut by shepherds in the sward, serving as a puzzle." It also means "Troy, Walls-of-Troy". Variations include Caer Droia and Caerdroia, the latter being the spelling generally used today.
Because of the similarity between Welsh troeau (a plural form of tro 'turn') and the second element Troea ('Troy'), the name was later popularly interpreted as meaning 'fortress of turns' (caer = 'fort').
Many turf mazes in England were named Troy Town or The Walls of Troy (or variations on that theme) presumably because, in popular legend, the walls of the city of Troy were constructed in such a confusing and complex way that any enemy who entered them would be unable to find his way out.

## Gwydir Forest

There is a Caerdroia in Gwydir Forest, above the Conwy Valley, Wales. It is a permanent Forest Labyrinth, built in 2005 by Theatre Cynefin, Golygfa Gwydyr (a social enterprise based in Llanrwst), and local young people. The paths measure a mile in length, making it possibly the largest labyrinth of its kind in the world. The Caerdroia has been a venue for a number of performances, initially by Theatr Cynefin, and since 2012 by Theatr Dan-y-Coed. Since its inception and construction on a grassy site at Pen-y-Parc, one of the highest parts of the forest, the low conifers between the paths have grown considerably, and it is now an integral part of the forest.

## Mythical link

There is another tenuous connection between Wales and Troy that has been disproven by historians but remains a resilient myth. Geoffrey of Monmouth, following the early Welsh historian Nennius, created a Christian/classical genealogy which placed Brutus of Troy, grandson of Aeneas and liberator of enslaved Trojans, as founder of Britain. This Brutus is generally considered a medieval fiction.
# Bucheon Stadium station

Bucheon Stadium Station (Korean: 부천종합운동장역) is a subway station on Seoul Subway Line 7 and the Seohae Line. It became a transfer station to the Seohae Line on July 1, 2023. The station serves Bucheon Stadium.

## Station layout

* Kkachiul ↑
* S/B N/B |
* ↓ Chunui
| Southbound | ← ● Line 7 toward Seongnam |
| Northbound | → ● Line 7 toward Jangam → |
| Preceding station | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Following station |
| Kkachiultowards Jangam | | Line 7 | | Chunuitowards Seongnam |
| Wonjongtowards Ilsan | | Seohae Line | | Sosatowards Wonsi |
# John T. Clark

John T. Clark was an American civil engineer and politician from Utica, New York.
He was Resident Engineer and Superintendent of Transportation of the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad when on August 9, 1831, the first regular railway passenger service in the United States was begun and acted as conductor of the first journey of the train which was drawn by the DeWitt Clinton locomotive.
He was New York State Engineer and Surveyor from 1854 to 1855, elected on the Whig ticket.

## Sources

* Political Graveyard
* Google Books The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 37f; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)
* Letter written by Clark relating the maiden voyage of the DeWitt Clinton, at Rochester history
* A replica made for the World's Fair, in NYT on May 2, 1893
Political offices :
| Preceded byHenry Ramsay | New York State Engineer and Surveyor 1854 - 1855 | Succeeded bySilas Seymour |
* This New York biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Sminthurinus quadrimaculatus

Sminthurinus quadrimaculatus is a species of globular springtail in the family Katiannidae.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Sminthurinus quadrimaculatus:
* Sminthurinus quadrimaculatus bimaculatus Maynard
* Sminthurinus quadrimaculatus quadrimaculatus
# Las pellizcadas de Margara

Las pellizcadas de Margara was a television show from the Mexican TV network Telehit hosted by Eduardo España in his character Doña Margara Francisca.
# Jos Haex

Jos Haex (born 19 August 1959) is a former Belgian racing cyclist. He rode in five editions of the Tour de France between 1986 and 1990.
# Doug Eckerty

Doug Eckerty (born 1954) is an American politician who served as a member of the Indiana Senate for the 26th district from 2010 to 2018. He is a member of the Citizens of Delaware County for Property Tax Repeal. In 2017, Eckerty announced that he would not seek re-election to the Senate. He was succeeded by fellow Republican Mike Gaskill.
# María Cecilia Ubilla

María Cecilia Ubilla Pérez (born 1956) is a Chilean politician who is member of the Chilean Constitutional Convention.
# Lipscomb House

Lipscomb House, or Lipscombe House, is a historic Federal-style plantation house in Durham, North Carolina, United States. The Lipscomb Plantation, sitting on 2,000 acres between the Eno River and the Little River, was one of the largest forced-labor cotton farms in Durham County. The plantation was part of the Trading Path, used by Catawba and Waxhaw Native American tribes trading between Petersburg, Virginia, and Hillsborough, North Carolina. The house is now run as a bed and breakfast.

## History

In 1755, Joseph Brittain received a land grant of more than one thousand acres between the Eno River and the Little River, from John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville. A two-story house was built on the property in 1775. The land was later transferred from Brittain to William Cain. It passed down through the family to Edward Davis and his wife. In 1834, Davis sold the plantation to John D. Lipscomb, a wealthy planter and textile businessman who was a partner in Alpha Woolen Mills. Around 1835, Lipscomb built a side-gabled Federal-style house, joining it to the earlier house, which then served as a rear wing. Additions were made to the central structure in the early and mid-twentieth century. In 1838 a post office was operated, likely in a store, on the plantation.
The Lipscomb Plantation, with 2,000 acres, was one of the largest cotton plantations in Durham County. John Lipscom, along with Paul Cameron and Fendal Southerland, produced 90 percent of the county's cotton.
The Lipscomb House is now run as a bed and breakfast called the Arrowhead Bed and Breakfast Inn. The name comes from a large stone arrowhead on the property, at the corner of Roxboro and Mason Roads, which marks the route of the Trading Path. The arrowhead monument, built in 1931, commemorates the plantation's role in the trading routes of Catawba and Waxhaw tribes, who traded between Petersburg, Virginia, and Hillsborough, North Carolina.
In 2007, a family reunion was held at the house for descendants of people enslaved on the plantation. Gwendolyn Olson, whose ancestors were enslaved on the plantation, compiled a short history of the slaves on the Lipscomb plantation, which is made available to guests at the Arrowhead Inn.
# A Month of Sundays (2001 film)

A Month of Sundays is a 2001 American film directed by Stewart Raffill. It stars Rod Steiger in one of his final film roles and Sally Kirkland.
Filming took place in Los Angeles, California and began during April 2001,

## Cast

* Rod Steiger as Charles McCabe
* Sally Kirkland as Katherine St. Croix
* Michael Paré as Thomas McCabe
* Dee Wallace as Sarah McCabe
* Al Sapienza as Stephen McCabe
* Corina Marie as Biddy McCabe

## Release

A Month of Sundays premiered at the New York International Independent Film and Video Festival on September 17, 2001.

## Reception

A reviewer for The Palm Beach Post remarked that the film seemed "better suited for TV". Variety also reviewed the movie, calling it "a low-budget, cliche-ridden film featuring a roster of faded stars topped by Rod Steiger, as a sweet, stubborn but ailing grandfather searching for his long-lost son before he dies".
# Thomas N. George

Thomas N. George (born May 2, 1938, in Worcester, Massachusetts) is a Massachusetts politician who represented the First Barnstable District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1997 to 2005. He served 25 years as the Town Moderator of Yarmouth, Massachusetts.
# Salina (springtail)

Salina is a genus of elongate-bodied springtails in the family Paronellidae. There are about five described species in Salina.

## Species

* Salina banksi Macgillivray, 1894
* Salina beta Christiansen & Bellinger, 1980
* Salina celebensis (Schaeffer, 1898)
* Salina mulcahyae Christiansen & Bellinger, 1980
* Salina trilobata Mills, 1932
# The House That Ananda Built

The House That Ananda Built is a 1968 Indian short documentary film directed by Fali Bilimoria. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.
# Ouroboros (protocol)

Ouroboros is a family of proof-of-stake consensus protocols used in the Cardano and Polkadot blockchains. It can run both permissionless and permissioned blockchains.
Ouroboros was published as "the first provable secure PoS consensus protocol". It was postulated by an academic team led by Aggelos Kiayias at the Annual International Cryptology Conference in 2017. Later that year, Ouroboros (Classic) was implemented by IOHK as the basis of the Cardano blockchain platform and various upgrades. Ouroboros versions include:
* Ouroboros BFT was an interim version used in 2020 to enable the switch between the Classic and Praos versions of Cardano using a hard fork combinator that preserved the blockchain history;
* Ouroboros Praos (2017) provided security against fully-adaptive corruption in the semi-synchronous model. At team at Cornell University discussed Ouroboros Praos and their own provably secure proof-of-stake protocol called Snow White. In 2020, Praos was used to introduce decentralized block production on Cardano by stake pools;
* Ouroboros Genesis (2018) provides security with a dynamic participation model;
* Ouroboros Chronos (2019) is independent of global time;
* Ouroboros Crypsinous (2019) gives higher levels of privacy
* Research in 2020 tested Ouroboros Hydra, a protocol version that used "off-chain state channels" (called "heads") to enable peer-to-peer transactions. Such "layer 2" protocols manage transactions off the main blockchain, and each head could potentially process "up to 1,000 transactions per second". In theory, Ouroboros Hydra could rival the 30,000 simultaneous transactions offered by conventional payment systems such as Visa by running scores of heads.
Cardano's founder Charles Hoskinson has described the Ouroboros consensus mechanism as energy efficient. Nguyen et al. compared Ouroboros to other PoS protocols.
# Brandt Hershman

Brandt Hershman is an American politician and a former Republican state senator for Indiana. He served from 2000 to 2018. He is married to Lisa Hershman.

## Early life and education

Hershman grew up on a farm in Jasper County, Indiana. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science from Purdue University.

## Career

After graduating from college, Hershman took a job working in the White House. In 1991, a family friend, Steve Buyer, asked for help in his run for Congress. After winning in 1992, he became the district operations director for Buyer.

### Indiana Senate

Hershman was first elected to the Indiana Senate in 2000 and was re-elected in 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. He served as the Majority Floor Leader and represented Senate District 7, which includes parts of White, Tippecanoe, Jasper, Clinton, Carroll and Boone counties.
In 2007, Hershman authored the bill to ban same-sex marriage in Indiana.
Hershman was named Senate majority floor leader in 2012 after Connie Lawson resigned to become secretary of state. He also served as chairman of the Senate Tax and Fiscal Policy Committee. He co-authored the Major Moves transportation bill and has won numerous awards for his work with telecommunication deregulation and small business in Indiana.
On February 17, 2010, Hershman filed paperwork to run for Indiana's 4th congressional district. He finished second after Todd Rokita in the 2010 primary election. On December 22, 2017, Hershman announced that he would resign from the Senate on January 2, 2018. He was succeeded by Rodric Bray as Senate majority floor leader. In 2018, it was reported that Hershman was being considered for a position in the Federal Communications Commission. He later accepted a job with Barnes & Thornburg in Washington, D.C.
# Paul J. Gannon

Paul J. Gannon (born May 21, 1960) is a former member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He is a South Boston Democrat who represented the 4th Suffolk district from 1991 to 1995. He is an attorney who graduated from Providence College and The Catholic University of America's Columbus School of Law.
# An Impression of John Steinbeck: Writer

An Impression of John Steinbeck: Writer is a 1969 American short documentary film directed by Donald Wrye, about John Steinbeck. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.
# Joseph De Bakker

Joseph De Bakker (born 27 May 1934) is a Belgian former track cyclist. He competed in the 1,000 metres time trial event at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He also won four bronze medals in the sprint event at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships, and was an eight time national sprint champion, winning the event every year from 1957 to 1963 and again in 1966. He also won the Grand Prix de Paris in 1957 and the Six Days of Madrid with Rik Van Steenbergen in 1963.
# Christina Hale

Christina Hale (born July 17, 1971) is an American politician and former State Representative of the 87th District in the Indiana House of Representatives, serving from 2012 to 2016. She previously worked as an executive at Kiwanis. In 2020, she was the Democratic nominee for U.S. Representative for Indiana's 5th congressional district, losing to Victoria Spartz by around 4 points.

## Early life and education

Hale was born and raised in Michigan City, Indiana. She is of partial Cuban descent. Hale earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Purdue University.

## Career

While studying at Purdue University, Hale worked various odd jobs to support her son. She later worked as a reporter for The La Porte County Herald-Argus until earning a scholarship to study abroad. After returning to the United States, she worked in the Indiana Department of Commerce and Indiana Professional Standards Board. She later served as an assistant to Governor Frank O'Bannon, where she was tasked with managing state regulatory boards and commissions. In 2004, she joined Kiwanis as a communications officer.
On May 25, 2016, John R. Gregg, the Democratic nominee for governor of Indiana, named Hale as his running mate for lieutenant governor in the 2016 election. In the general election on November 8, Gregg and Hale lost to Indiana Lieutenant Governor Eric Holcomb and State Auditor Suzanne Crouch.
In July 2019, Hale announced her intention to run for Congress in Indiana's 5th congressional district. In June 2019, incumbent Republican Susan Brooks announced that she would not seek reelection. On June 2, 2020, Hale won the Democratic primary for the 5th congressional district against State Senator Victoria Spartz. She lost to Spartz in the general election, taking 46% of the vote to Spartz's 50%. This was the closest race in the district since it was reconfigured as a northern suburban district in 1983 (it had been numbered as the 6th until 2003), and only the second time in that period that a Democrat managed 40% of the vote. Hale lost seven of the district's eight counties, but was able to keep the race close with a strong showing in her base in Indianapolis; her state house district included much of the district's share of Indianapolis.

## Personal life

Hale lives in Indianapolis with her husband Chris. She has one adult son from a previous relationship.
# Community forests in England

England's community forests are afforestation-based regeneration projects which were established in the early 1990s. Each of them is a partnership between the Forestry Commission and the Countryside Agency, which are agencies of the British government, and the relevant local councils.
Most of the designated areas are close to large cities and contain large amounts of brownfield, underused and derelict land. When the forests were created the average forest cover in the designated areas was 6.9%, and the target is to increase this to 30% over about 30 years. As most of the land is in private ownership the schemes rely mainly on providing landowners with incentives to plant trees. However the forests contain areas of publicly accessible open land, and increasing public access is one of the objectives.
The table below lists the community forests. As some of them straddle county boundaries they are listed by region and town or city.
| Forest | Region | City | Area |
| Forest of Avon | Bristol and Avon | Bristol | 221 square miles (570 km$^2$) |
| Great Western Community Forest | Swindon and surrounding area | Swindon | 168 square miles (440 km$^2$) |
| Greenwood Community Forest | West Nottinghamshire | Nottingham | 161 square miles (420 km$^2$) |
| Forest of Marston Vale | Bedford to Milton Keynes | Bedford | 61 square miles (160 km$^2$) |
| Forest of Mercia | Staffordshire and West Midlands | Birmingham | 92 square miles (240 km$^2$) |
| Mersey Forest | Merseyside and north Cheshire | Liverpool | 420 square miles (1,100 km$^2$) |
| City of Trees | Greater Manchester | Manchester | 492 square miles (1,270 km$^2$) |
| Humber Forest | East Riding of Yorkshire, Kingston upon Hull and North Lincolnshire | Hull | 1,283 square miles (3,320 km$^2$) |
| Thames Chase | Bruntwood, Barking and Dagenham, Havering, Thurrock and Essex | London | 40 square miles (100 km$^2$) |
| White Rose Forest | Leeds City, North and West Yorkshire | Leeds | 4,124 square miles (10,680 km$^2$) |
# Jimmy Bales

Jimmy C. Bales (September 25, 1935 – September 25, 2021) was an American politician. He served as a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 80th District from 1999 to 2020. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Bales ran for re-election in 2020, but was defeated by Jermaine Johnson in the Democratic primary.
# Pseudosorensia atlantica

Pseudosorensia atlantica is a species of springtail belonging to the family Isotomidae. The species was first described by Keith Arthur John Wise in 1970, and is found in South Georgia.

## Taxonomy

The species was first described as Sorensia atlantica in 1970 by Keith Arthur John Wise, based on a holotype collected from South Georgia in 1961 held at the Bishop Museum, along with numerous paratypes. The species was recombined and placed in the genus Pseudosorensia by Dora Esther Cutini de Izarra in 1972.
In 1986, new records of the species were made on Macquarie Island. These specimens were subsequently described as a new species and genus, Azoritoma macquariensis, in 2008.

## Description

Pseudosorensia atlantica is cream-coloured, with a blue-gray pigmented pattern. Specimens have a body length of 1.1 mm (0.043 in).

## Distribution and habitat

The species is found on moss on South Georgia island. The species is widespread across the island, found in both wet and dry environments on the surface or within top layers of soil.
# Joseph Marien

Joseph Charles Marien (25 January 1900 – 14 December 1950) was a Belgian marathon runner. He competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics and finished in 56th place.
# Mark Stoops (politician)

Mark Stoops is a former Democratic member of the Indiana Senate who represented the 40th District from 2012 to 2020. He decided not to run for re-election to a third term. He was succeeded by fellow Democrat Shelli Yoder. Before being elected to the Indiana Senate, Stoops served as a Monroe County Commissioner. Stoops served on the commission from 1999 to 2006 and from 2008 to 2012, becoming a well-known opponent of Interstate 69. Stoops succeeded Vi Simpson, the former minority leader of the Democrats in the Indiana Senate. Stoops continues to oppose Interstate 69, and supports raising funding for public education.