OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Keith Campbell (philosopher)

Keith Campbell FAHA (1938 – 12 October 2024) was an Australian philosopher working in metaphysics.

## Biography

With D. M. Armstrong, Campbell was one of the founders of so-called Australian materialism and, within it, of a variety of trope theory. He also had a distinctive view of concrete and abstract objects: the former can exist by themselves, and the latter are incapable of independent existence.
He refused, following Frank P. Ramsey, the necessity of choice between realism and nominalism in the problem of universals, because they both share "a false presupposition being that any quality or relation must be a universal" (Campbell 1991, preface).
The separation between the University of Sydney's Departments of Traditional and Modern Philosophy and of General Philosophy is attributed to his organising the proposal in 1973. He was a senior lecturer in the "Traditional and Modern" one and later became an emeritus professor in the recombined Department of Philosophy (part of the School of Philosophical and Historical Inquiry).
Campbell was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 1977.
Campbell was known as a co-editor of Ontology, Causality, and Mind: Essays in Honour of D. M. Armstrong, and as author of Body and Mind. Campbell died on 12 October 2024, at the age of 85–86.
# Yashwant Vithoba Chittal

Yashwant Vithoba Chittal (3 August 1928 – 22 March 2014) was a Kannada fiction writer. G. S. Amur said: "His short stories, many of them were outstanding, and came with his distinct touch.The kind of experimentation he did with language, style and narrative is unparalleled."

## Biography

He was born in Hanehalli, Uttar Kannada District. He completed his primary school education from his village school and his high school from the Gibbs High School, Kumta (1944).Later he did his Bachelors in science and Bachelors in technology both from Bombay University being a top ranker and gold medalist in the year 1955 and master's degree in chemical engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology, United States, and simultaneously pursued a career in science and technology along with literature. His contributions in the field of Polymer Science and synthetic resins was well recognized and he was selected as Fellow of Plastics and Rubber Institute, London.

## Collection of Stories

* Sandarshana/ಸಂದರ್ಶನ (1957)
* Aabolina/ಆಬೇೂಲಿನ (1960)
* Aata/ಆಟ (1969)
* Aayda Kathegalu/ಆಯ್ದ ಕತೆಗಳು (1976)
* Katheyadalu Hudugi/ಕತೆಯಾದಳು ಹುಡುಗಿ (1980)
* Benya/ಬೇನ್ಯಾ (1983)
* Samagra Kathegalu/ಸಮಗ್ರ ಕತೆಗಳು (1983)
* Siddhartha/ಸಿದ್ಧಾರ್ಥ (1988)
* Aivattondu Kathegalu/ಐವತ್ತೊಂದು ಕತೆಗಳು (2001)
* Kumatege Banda Kindarijogi/ಕುಮಟೆಗೆ ಬಂದಾ ಕಿಂದರಿಜೇೂಗಿ
* Odihoda Mutti Banda/ಓಡಿಹೇೂದಾ ಮುಟ್ಟಿ ಬಂದಾ
* Puttana Hejje Kaanodilla/ಪುಟ್ಟನ ಹೆಜ್ಜೆ ಕಾಣೇೂದಿಲ್ಲ
* Aayda Kathegalu/ಆಯ್ದ ಕತೆಗಳು
* Koli Kooguva Munna/ಕೇೂಳಿ ಕೂಗುವ ಮುನ್ನ
* Samagra Kathegalu Volume 1 and 2/ಸಮಗ್ರ ಕತೆಗಳು ಸಂಪುಟ ೧ ಮತ್ತು ೨

## Novels

* Muru Daarigalu/ಮೂರು ದಾರಿಗಳು (1964) [Made into Kannada Movie by Girish Kasaravally]
* Shikaari/ಶಿಕಾರಿ (1979)
* Cheda/ಛೇದ (1985)
* Purushottama/ಪುರುಷೇೂತ್ತಮ (1990) [Also Translated into English by Penguin Books]
* Kendra Vrittanta/ಕೇಂದ್ರ ವೃತ್ತಾಂತ (1996)
* Digambara/ದಿಗಂಬರ (Unpublished)

## Poetry

* Danapeyaacheya Oni/ದಣಪೆಯಾಚೆಯ ಓಣಿ

## Criticism

* Sahityada Sapta Dhatugalu/ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯದ ಸಪ್ತ ಧಾತುಗಳು
* Sahitya, Srujanasheelathe Mattu Naanu/ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ, ಸೃಜನಶೀಲತೆ ಮತ್ತು ನಾನು
* Anthakarana/ಅಂತಃಕರಣ

## Translations

* The Hunt/Shikaari - English Translation by Pratibha Umashankar-Nadiger (2019)
* Purushottama (1990)
* The Boy who Talked to Trees/ - English Translation by Ramachandra Sharma & Padma Ramachandra(1994) Collection of short stories.
The US Library of Congress holds 15 of his titles, including works translated into English and other languages.

## Movies and Teleserial

* Mooru Daarigalu/ಮೂರು ದಾರಿಗಳು Directed by Girish Kasaravalli
* Mukhamukhi/ಮುಖಾಮುಖಿ (DD Chandana)
# Louis Piquett

Louis Piquett (September 24, 1884 – December 12, 1951) was an American lawyer notable for defending John Dillinger. He was also a prosecutor for the city of Chicago. He is depicted by Peter Gerety in the 2009 movie Public Enemies.

## Early career

Piquett was a bartender active in Chicago Democratic politics. He studied law in night school. By 1915, he was chief clerk to the city prosecutor of Chicago. In the early 1920s, he was appointed city prosecutor by Mayor William Hale Thompson. He was indicted in 1923 on corruption charges, which were subsequently dropped.
By the summer of 1923, Piquett was in private practice in Chicago. In August 1923, for instance, he represented James J. McGrath, who owned films showing a boxing match between Tommy Gibbons and Jack Dempsey. Piquett won a decision from the circuit court which stated that the films were neither immoral nor obscene, and enjoined the police from interfering with their exhibition.
In 1931, Piquett unsuccessfully defended Leo Vincent Brothers against charges of murdering Chicago Tribune reporter Jake Lingle.

## Defense of Dillinger

In 1934, Piquett defended Dillinger in Crown Point, Indiana. He successfully argued that Dillinger should be allowed to appear in court free of shackles and without armed guards present. After Dillinger's dramatic pre-trial escape, an investigation by the state of Indiana revealed Piquett's complicity.

## Criminal charges

In January 1935, Piquett was charged with harboring the fugitive Dillinger and of conspiring with a number of others, including two doctors, to hide Dillinger while he underwent plastic surgery. He was acquitted after less than four hours of deliberation. During this trial he was called "the brains of the Dillinger mob."
In May 1935, he was convicted of harboring Dillinger associate Homer Van Meter, fined $10,000, and served time in the United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth. Piquett appealed his sentence all the way up to the Supreme Court of the United States, which denied certiorari in 1936. He was pardoned for this crime in 1951 by President Harry Truman.

## Early life

Born in Benton, Wisconsin, he hopped trains to California sometime around 1900 where he enrolled in Stanford University and was a stand out on the track team. He then had a successful stint as a professional boxer, using the prize money to open a cigar shop on Market Street in San Francisco. Wiped out by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and subsequent fire he returned home to Wisconsin, married and moved to Chicago.

## Death

He died in Chicago in 1951. He is buried in Hillside cemetery in Platteville, Wisconsin.
# Lee Arena

Lee Arena serves as the home to the Washburn Ichabods men's and women's basketball, as well as the women's volleyball team. The arena draws some of the largest crowds in NCAA Division II. The arena was the first in the MIAA to have a video board and a digital scorer's table.
The arena holds 4,150 and in 2012 it became the first in the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association and one of the first in NCAA Division II to feature a digital scorer's table. Along with a video board connected to the facility's scoreboard, the Daktronics equipment has the capabilities to show video, graphics, statistics and other features.
The most recent major renovation to Lee Arena added second-story office and meeting rooms that overlook the court. The McPherson Booster Room was also built. The room gives donors and other special guests a great view of the court and a place to gather and socialize.
All three sports that play in Lee Arena have had tremendous success throughout its history and all three have hosted numerous NCAA postseason events. The volleyball team hosted the NCAA national championship in 2007 and the men's basketball team has hosted the NCAA regional tournament five times, the last in 2001. The women's basketball team most recently hosted the regional tournament in 2012 and has been host five times as well. The 1993 NCAA II Women’s Elite Eight was also played in Lee Arena.
The concourse around Lee Arena features a ticket booth, concession stands and restrooms. Locker rooms for the three sports, as well as softball and baseball are located in the building as well.
Lee Arena was built as part of the $8.4 million Kelsey H. and Edna B. Petro Allied Health Center, the largest building on campus covering more than 126,000 square feet. The arena is named after former Washburn baseball coach and player, Bob Lee and his wife, Sallee, to recognize their $250,000 donation.
# John Bicknell

John Bicknell, the elder (baptised 1746 – 27 March 1787), was an English barrister and writer. He was co-author with Thomas Day of the abolitionist poem The Dying Negro from 1773. Bicknell has also been credited with Musical Travels through England, a pseudonymous satire on Charles Burney.

## Life

The second son of Robert Bicknell of the Inner Temple, he was admitted to the Middle Temple in 1761. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1769.
Thomas Day was a friend from their time at Charterhouse School. Bicknell participated in the late 1760s in the initial stage of Day's plan to train a suitable wife from himself, at Shrewsbury orphanage.
Bicknell befriended John Laurens, then a law student in London of his brother Charles Bicknell, around 1774. Considered a rake, his attitude to his legal career was negligent, and he spent time on writing. He was a commissioner of bankruptcy.
Bicknell died on 27 March 1787 four weeks after suffering a stroke.

## Works

The Dying Negro (1773) is thought to have originated in a draft by Bicknell, then passed to Day who worked it up for publication.
Some of his contemporaries credited Bicknell with the Musical Travels published in 1774 under the pseudonym "Joel Collier". This attribution is also accepted by modern scholars, and was supported soon after Bicknell's death, by William Seward, who knew Bicknell and introduced James Boswell to him, in 1786. It was endorsed by Francis Douce and John Thomas Smith. Seward also identified a number of short satirical pieces in newspapers, that had been attributed to George Steevens, to Bicknell.

## Family

Bicknell on 16 April 1784 married, at St Philip's Church, Birmingham, Sabrina Sidney, the girl he had selected with Thomas Day at Shrewsbury about 15 years earlier. She had spent some time living with Bicknell's mother. After Day dropped his plan to marry her, she had remained a ward of Richard Lovell Edgeworth, and lived in the West Midlands.
After Bicknell's death she became housekeeper and manager for Charles Burney the younger, a schoolfellow of her late husband at Charterhouse. There were two sons of the marriage, John Laurens Bicknell and Henry Edgeworth Bicknell, young boys on their father's death. Sabrina as widow had financial support from Day and Edgeworth, and George Hardinge and Anna Seward organised collections for her. John Laurens Bicknell, educated at Burney's school, became a solicitor and Fellow of the Royal Society.
Charles Bicknell, John's younger brother and solicitor to the Admiralty and the Prince Regent, became father-in-law to John Constable. His eldest daughter Maria Elizabeth Bicknell married Constable in 1816.
# Ferenc Fister

Ferenc Fister (born 23 February 1940) is a Hungarian footballer. He played in one match for the Hungary national football team in 1965.
# Osian tehsil

Osian tehsil is a tehsil in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan state in western India. Headquarters for the tehsil is the town of tiwari
Osian tehsil is the most central of the eleven tehsils in Jodhpur District. It borders Phalodi tehsil to the northwest and north, Nagaur District to the northeast, Bhopalgarh tehsil and Bawadi tehsil to the southeast, Mandor tehsil to the south; and Balesar tehsil to the west.

## Villages

There are forty-one panchayat villages in Osian tehsil.
# Hello Mister Zamindar

Hello Mister Zamindar is a 1965 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film, directed and produced by K. J. Mahadevan under the banner of Sudharsanam Pictures. The dialogue was written by Ve. Lakshmanan and the story was written by Mahadevan respectively. The music was by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy. It stars Gemini Ganesan and Savitri. The film was released on 14 May 1965.

## Soundtrack

Music was by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy and lyrics were written by Kannadasan. The title song was later played in the film Jackson Durai (2016).
| Song | Singer | Length |
| "Sondhamum Ille Oru Bandhamum" | G. K. Venkatesh | 03:12 |
| "Ilamai Koluvirukkum Iyarkai" – Male | P. B. Srinivas | 03:01 |
| "Hello Mister Jameendar" | P. B. Srinivas, P. Susheela | 03:25 |
| "Ilamai Koluvirukkum Iyarkai" – Female | P. Susheela | 02:55 |
| "Kaadhal Nilave Kanmani Radha" | P. B. Srinivas | 03:51 |
| "Thottathil Poove" | P. Susheela | 02:13 |
| "Pattinikku Oru Manasu" | K. Jamuna Rani | 03:03 |
| "Kaadhal Nilave Kanmani Radha" – Sad | P. B. Srinivas | 02:18 |

## Reception

Kalki appreciated Lakshmanan's dialogues, Kannadasan's lyrics and Mahadevan's direction.
# José Conrado

José Conrado Rodríguez Alegre, a Cuban priest from the parish of Santa Teresita del Niño Jesús, in Santiago de Cuba, is best known for his strongly worded open letter in 2009 to Cuban President Raúl Castro. The letter condemns what Conrado says are the social problems, the restrictions on liberty and the increasing threats and interrogations that have been directed at his parishioners. Conrado had written a similar open letter to Fidel Castro in 1994.
Conrado, considered one of the most outspoken of the church figures in Cuba, has been called the "Cardinal of the people". After a visit to see the Pope in 1998, Conrado stated, "The fundamental change is the protagonism of the Cuban people after years of having to hide what they think. What has happened in Cuba is a genuine miracle. It's the resurrection of the Cuban people."
An interview with Conrado by journalist Emio de Armas won third place for the Catholic Journalist's Best News Writing National/International Event, an article that, despite the restrictions on the press imposed by the Cuban government, gives an account by Conrado where he details the arrest and beatings of dissidents by the Cuban police inside his church.
Conrado also has been interviewed in 2009 by Pierantonio Micciarelli, an italian film-maker, for his documentary "SOY LA OTRA CUBA" where he described a very different reality from the one displayed by the official propaganda.

## Letter to Raul Castro

On February 5, 2009, Conrado wrote an open letter to Cuban president Raúl Castro Ruz which was published in the digital magazine, Contodos.
Yoani Sánchez and Reinaldo Escobar traveled to Santiago de Cuba the weekend before the letter was released and spent several days there, meeting with Conrado. During the same visit they held a blogger meeting with young people there, and Sánchez put her Ortega y Gasset award in the sanctuary of the Virgin of Charity of Cobre, where “the long arm of the censor does not enter.” Excerpts from the letter were published on the Huffington Post.
# Ban Khrua

Ban Khrua (Thai: บ้านครัว, pronounced; other spellings include Ban Krua and Baan Krua) is a historic community neighborhood along Bangkok's Khlong Saen Saep from Saphan Hua Chang to Wat Phrayayang. It includes an area of about 14 rai (about 5.5 acres) on both banks of the canal. It's divided into three parts: Ban Khrua Nuea (บ้านครัวเหนือ; 'North Ban Khrua'); Ban Khrua Tai (บ้านครัวใต้; 'South Ban Khrua') in Ratchathewi District; and Ban Khrua Tawan Tok (บ้านครัวตะวันตก; 'West Ban Khrua') in Pathum Wan District. The main artery is Ban Khrua Nuea in Soi Kasem San 3, Rama I Road, the boundary between Ratchathewi and Pathum Wan Districts.

## History

The community dates back to the reign of King Rama I, who granted the land to Islamic Cham troops after they had fought with the Siamese Army in the Songkhram Kao Thap, the Burmese–Siamese War in 1785–1786, the last major battle fought against Burmese invaders. The Cham had migrated from the Champa realm (currently in central and southern Vietnam) during the Ayutthaya Kingdom. Ban Khrua is the oldest Islamic community in Bangkok.
Khlong Saen Saep was dug during the reign of King Rama III as the main supply route for troops fighting in what is now Cambodia and part of southern Vietnam in the 14 year-long Siamese-Vietnamese wars. It runs from Bangkok to the Bang Pakong River in eastern Chachoengsao Province.
Years ago, silk fabric was a well-known product of the community and a major source of income for most households. The community served as a factory for the American businessman Jim Thompson whose home, now a museum called the Jim Thompson House, is nearby on the south bank of the canal. Thai silk became highly prized, and was used as for costuming in the Broadway musical The King and I in 1951 and Hollywood film Ben-Hur in 1959. Ban Khrua became a centre of the silk industry in Thailand.
The Disappearance of Jim Thompson in 1967 marked the peak of silk production in Ban Khrua.
Three mosques remain in the community. Silk production continues in a few workshops, where traditional production methods survive. Adding to the cost of progress, Ban Khrua residents have been at odds with the government for more than 25 years as they fight to keep their community from being razed for a proposed tollway.

## Of note nearby

* Chaloem La 56 Bridge or Saphan Hua Chang (Elephant's Head Bridge)
* Siam Square
* Sa Pathum Palace
* Ratchaprasong Shopping Center
* Erawan Shrine
* Pratunam Market

## Transportation

* BTS Skytrain: Ratchathewi Station, National Stadium Station
* BMTA bus: route 2, 10, 11, 15, 16, 23, 47, 48, 50, 59, 60, 67, 73, 73ก, 79, 93, 99, 113, 183, 204, 508, 511
* Khlong Saen Saep Boat Service: Baan Krua Nua Pier, Saphan Hua Chang Pier, Sapan Charoenpol Pier, Pratunam Pier
# Lackendorf

Lackendorf (Croatian: Lakindrof, Hungarian: Lakfalva) is a town in the district of Oberpullendorf in the Austrian state of Burgenland.
# Investment (macroeconomics)

In macroeconomics, investment "consists of the additions to the nation's capital stock of buildings, equipment, software, and inventories during a year" or, alternatively, investment spending — "spending on productive physical capital such as machinery and construction of buildings, and on changes to inventories — as part of total spending" on goods and services per year. "accounting" The types of investment include residential investment in housing that will provide a flow of housing services over an extended time, non-residential fixed investment in things such as new machinery or factories, human capital investment in workforce education, and inventory investment (the accumulation, intentional or unintentional, of goods inventories) In measures of national income and output, "gross investment" (represented by the variable I ) is a component of gross domestic product (GDP), given in the formula GDP = C + I + G + NX, where C is consumption, G is government spending, and NX is net exports, given by the difference between the exports and imports, X − M. Thus investment is everything that remains of total expenditure after consumption, government spending, and net exports are subtracted (i.e. I = GDP − C − G − NX ).
"Net investment" deducts depreciation from gross investment. Net fixed investment is the value of the net increase in the capital stock per year.
Fixed investment, as expenditure over a period of time (e.g., "per year"), is not capital but rather leads to changes in the amount of capital. The time dimension of investment makes it a flow. By contrast, capital is a stock—that is, accumulated net investment up to a point in time.

## Determinants

Investment is often modeled as a function of interest rates, given by the relation I =  I (r), with the interest rate negatively affecting investment because it is the cost of acquiring funds with which to purchase investment goods, and with income positively affecting investment because higher income signals greater opportunities to sell the goods that physical capital can produce.
In some research, investment is modeled as an increasing function of Tobin's q, which is the ratio between a physical asset's market value and its replacement value. If, for example, this ratio is greater than 1, machinery can be bought at one price and then generate output worth the larger amount that is reflected in its market value, giving positive economic profit.
In some research, investment is modeled as an increasing function of the gap between the optimal capital stock and the current capital stock. Here the optimal capital stock is modeled as that which maximizes profit.
# Josh Spero

Josh Spero is a British journalist and author. He is acting associate editor for the Financial Times Weekend Magazine and the author of Second-Hand Stories.

## Early life and education

Spero was educated at University College School and read Latin and Greek at Oxford. In 2004, Spero won University Challenge as part of the Magdalen College, Oxford team, beating Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.

## Career

Spero began his career as senior editor of Spear's magazine from 2008 to 2010 and editor from 2010 to 2015. From 2010 to 2013, he was an occasional contributor to The Economist. He was Tatler’s art critic from 2013 to 2018 and a freelance arts and culture writer for the Guardian, Independent, New Statesman and the Sunday Times. In 2016, he joined the Financial Times as a special reports editor and was acting transport correspondent from 2018 to 2019, before a secondment in Tokyo from 2019 to 2020.
Spero has been a contributor to the Today Programme on BBC Radio 4.
In October 2015, Spero's first book, Second-Hand Stories, was published by Unbound.

## Personal life

Spero has described himself as 'the gay, bookish son of a taxi driver.'
# Defence Diving School

The Defence Diving School is a joint service diver training centre on Horsea Island in Portsmouth Harbour, run by the Royal Navy.

## History

Construction began in September 1994. It would train around 2000 divers a year.
It opened in September 1995, being previously at HMS Vernon as the Naval Diving School which joined with the Royal Engineers Diving Establishment.
It was officially opened in early 1996, with the Sir Charles Pasley pool, by the Second Sea Lord.
At first, training for the Royal Engineers and the Royal Navy was separate. Three years in the RN was required to apply to be a diver, but this policy was dropped in the late 1990s.

### Female divers

The school graduated its first female mine clearance diver on 19 November 2010, 28 year old Lieutenant Catherine Ker. The Royal Navy had changed its admissions policy for women, after the INM had found that women were at no more risk from decompression sickness (the bends) than men.

## Function

Royal Navy Mine Clearance Divers and British Army Divers carry out their basic training at the school's headquarters on Horsea Island, Portsmouth.
Royal Navy divers are part of the Diving & Threat Exploitation Group (DTXG). British Army divers are part of the Royal Engineers or 17 Port & Maritime Regiment of the RLC. Army divers build, repair, and upgrade Army infrastructure underwater. Navy clearance divers identify and neutralise conventional and improvised explosive threats underwater and on ships and oil rigs.

### Potential Divers Assessment (PDA)

All candidates must attend the Potential Divers Assessment (PDA). It is a two-and-a-half-day course that is a pass or fail. First, potential divers must pass the Divers Physical Training Test - a 1.5 mile (2.4km) run in 10.30 min, 8 chin-ups, 16 dips, and 40 sit-ups. Candidates will also be physically assessed on:
* A 1,000-metre lake swim in a dry-suit and fins
* 3m and 6m board jumps with in-water circuits
* A try dive with self-contained breathing apparatus diving to a maximum depth of 5 metres, in an enclosed dive tank on Horsea Island Lake

### Facilities

The facilities include a 1,000m (1km) salt water lake, a 5m diving tank, recompression chambers, and surface and underwater engineering facilities. The school also possesses two Vahana diving boats based at Whale Island for use in the Harbour and the Solent.
Advanced diver training is conducted at Weymouth, Falmouth, Plymouth and the west coast of Scotland.