OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# MS Sovereign

MS Sovereign (formerly Sovereign of the Seas) was one of three large cruise ships of the Sovereign class operated by Pullmantur Cruises and formerly by Royal Caribbean International. When she was completed in 1987, Sovereign of the Seas was the world's largest passenger ship. On 24 June 2020, due to economic losses caused by COVID-19 pandemic, Sovereign arrived and was beached at Aliağa, Turkey, where she was dismantled.

## History

She sailed on her maiden voyage on January 16, 1988, and was initially based at the Port of Miami.
In 1998 and 1999, the Royal Caribbean International cruise company was fined US$9 million because Sovereign of the Seas had repeatedly dumped oily waste into the ocean and tried to hide this using false records, including fake piping diagrams given to the US Coast Guard. Because the company was and is incorporated in Liberia, Royal Caribbean argued that this case was not in the jurisdiction of US courts.
Her refurbishment in November 2004 was the subject of the Travel Channel mini-series Dry-Dock, A Cruise Ship Reborn. Throughout her time with Royal Caribbean she sailed cruises to the Bahamas and the Caribbean out of Miami and Port Canaveral, Florida. These cruises visited Coco Cay, one of RCI's privately owned islands, in the Berry Islands group.
In November 2008 Sovereign of the Seas was transferred to the fleet of Pullmantur Cruises, a Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd subsidiary, and renamed MS Sovereign. Sovereign set sail on its first voyage with Pullmantur Cruises on March 23, 2009. Similar to other ships in the same class, Sovereign had a multi-deck atrium lobby and a top-deck, funnel-mounted lounge with panoramic views of the sea. The ship's facilities included nine bars, five restaurants, four pools, a spa and a casino.
In 2018, the ship was featured in the film Yucatán, filmed by Telecinco Cinema.
In 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Sovereign and MS Monarch were placed into "cold lay-up" and Pullmantur Cruises filed for financial reorganization. According to reports, the interiors of the ships were stripped of "everything of value." On 23 July 2020 she was beached in Aliağa alongside her sistership Monarch, which was beached one day before. Scrapping began in August that year and was finished in February 2021.
# Georgina Range

The Georgina Range is a small mountain range in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, located on the south side of Gilford Island overlooking entrance to Knight Inlet. It has an area of 53 km$^2$ and is a subrange of the Pacific Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.
# Pembroke Range

The Pembroke Range is a small mountain range in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, between Loughborough Inlet and Phillips Arm. It has an area of 75 km$^2$ and is a subrange of the Pacific Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.
# John F. Schlosser

John F. Schlosser (August 22, 1839–?) was a Republican member of the New York State Senate from the 26th district who was born in the city of Poughkeepsie, New York. After graduating from Union College, Schlosser went to Fishkill Landing in Duchess County, opened a law office, and actively practiced law. He was succeeded by future president Franklin D. Roosevelt.
# William B. Finneran

William B. Finneran (February 14, 1936 – November 30, 2014) was an American politician who served in the New York State Assembly from the 89th district from 1977 to 1982.
He died of lung cancer on November 30, 2014, in Clifton Park, New York at age 78.
# Sizihwan

Sizihwan (Chinese: 西子灣; Hanyu Pinyin: Xīzǐwān; Tongyong Pinyin: Sizǐhwan) is a community and sightseeing spot in Gushan District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, named for the adjacent bay of the Taiwan Strait, also called Sizihwan.

## Names

The name Sizih (西子) can also refer to Xi Shi, an alternative name used by the poet Su Dongpo of the Song dynasty referring to the famous ancient beauty, which somehow implies the view in this scenic area is as beautiful as the lady.
Historical names include:
* 洋路灣; Yánglùwān; Iûⁿ-lō͘-oan; 'ocean way bay'
* 洋子灣; Yángzǐwān, from Taiwanese Hokkien 洋仔灣; Iûⁿ-á-oan; 'ocean bay'
* 斜灣; Xiéwān, from 斜仔灣; Siâ-á-oan/Chhiâ-á-oan; 'sloping bay'

## Geography

Located on the Taiwan Strait at the north of the entrance to Kaohsiung Harbor, Sizihwan is surrounded by mountains with Shoushan to the northeast and Shaochuantou Hill (哨船頭山), a spur of Shoushan to the east. The area is dominated by the campus of National Sun Yat-sen University which faces the open waters of the Taiwan Strait. Sizihwan Beach (known as Takao Beach during Japanese rule) is a black sand beach that sits right at the edge of the campus and is a popular recreation area. The Former British Consulate at Takao and the historic Lingsing Temple [zh] at the peak of Shaochuantou overlook Sizihwan Bay.

## Transportation

Sizihwan is directly accessible by bicycle and on foot through the Sizihwan Tunnel (through Shaochuantou mountain). Built from 1927 to 1933, the tunnel is itself a tourist attraction. Larger vehicular traffic can reach the area by two other more circuitous routes around the mountain. Public bus service to the area is available from G-Bus [zh] #99 and O1(橘1) metro shuttle bus . The nearest Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit station is the Orange Line's terminus at Hamasen station which was known as Sizihwan station until it was renamed in 2024 to better reflect its location.

## Photo gallery

* Sizihwan sunset
* Sizihwan sunset
* Sizihwan sunset
* Sizihwan Tunnel entrance on the Sizihwan (west) side
# Leonard Silverman

Leonard Silverman (November 10, 1930 – September 7, 2015) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Life

He was born on November 10, 1930, in Brooklyn, New York City. He graduated from New York University, and in 1954 from Brooklyn Law School.
Silverman entered politics as a Democrat, and was a member of the New York State Assembly (48th D.) from 1969 to 1977, sitting in the 178th, 179th, 180th, 181st and 182nd New York State Legislatures. He was Chairman of the Committee on Insurance.
On May 6, 1977, he was appointed to the New York Court of Claims and remained on the bench until 2004.
He died on September 7, 2015, in Woodmere, Nassau County, New York; and was buried at the Mount Carmel Cemetery in Glendale, Queens.
# Max Eckmann

Max Th. Eckmann (November 9, 1851 – June 22, 1931) was an American politician from New York.

## Early life and education

Max Eckmann was born on November 9, 1851, in Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, the son of Ezekiel Eckmann (1818–1864) and Caroline (Löwenstein) Eckmann (1816–1882). He attended the Jewish Communal School and the Friedrichswerdersches Gymnasium in Berlin.

## Immigration and Career

Eckmann emigrated to the United States in 1874 and settled in New York City. On February 18, 1875, he married Marie Slupecki. He was a "manufacturer of novelties" and played an active role in community work. He was one of the organizers of the Independent Order of B'rith Abraham.

## Political career

In November 1905, Eckmann was elected on the Municipal Ownership League ticket with Republican endorsement to the New York State Assembly (New York County, 12th District), defeating the incumbent Democrat Edward Rosenstein. Eckmann served in the 129th New York State Legislature in 1906. Rosenstein contested Eckmann's election, accusing him of fraudulent proceedings, but the Assembly Committee on Elections rejected the contest.

## Legal Issues

On April 7, 1906, during a probe into alleged frauds during the November 1905 election, Benjamin M. Goldberger admitted that Eckmann's M.O.L. nomination petition was a forgery. Eckmann later admitted that he and his five children had fabricated the nomination petition by copying names from a directory and another candidate's petition, writing all the signatures themselves. The trial was held in the Criminal Branch of the New York Supreme Court. Goldberger turned State's evidence, detailing how the petitions were forged. On June 5, 1906, Eckmann pleaded guilty to conspiracy, a misdemeanor. He was fined $500.

## Death

Max Eckmann died on June 22, 1931, at his home at 460 Grand Street in Manhattan, from a heart attack.
# The Preserving Machine (short story)

"The Preserving Machine" is a science fiction short story by American writer Philip K. Dick. It was first published in the June 1953 issue of Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, and is included in a later collection of the same name, The Preserving Machine.
"The Preserving Machine" was originally a companion piece to another Doc Labyrinth story, "Left Shoe, My Foot", later published as "The Short Happy Life of the Brown Oxford".

## Plot summary

Doc Labyrinth fears for the safety of the fragile works of high culture, particularly classical music, in the event of the apocalypse. Accordingly, he orders a machine to be built that will transform musical scores into animals capable of surviving and defending themselves on their own. The machine successfully transforms several composers' works into various animals-- Bach pieces into little beetles, Schubert songs into a lamb-like creature, and so forth. The Doctor, joyful at his success, releases them into the world; but when he finds them later, he finds that they have undergone evolution-- they have grown claws, stingers, and fed on one another. When the Bach beetles are fed back into the machine, the resultant musical scores have also changed, become wild and chaotic, with all their beauty and harmony lost.
# David Rosado

David Rosado (born August 21, 1942) is an American politician from New York.

## Life

Rosado was born on August 21, 1942, in Morovis, Puerto Rico. The family moved to New York City where he attended the public schools. He became active in community affairs, and entered politics as a Democrat. He graduated A.A. from Mercy College in 1986.
On May 1, 1990, Rosado was elected to the New York State Assembly, to fill the vacancy caused by the election of José E. Serrano to the U.S. Congress. He was re-elected twice and remained in the Assembly until 1993, sitting in the 188th, 189th and 190th New York State Legislatures.
In September 1993, Rosado defeated the incumbent City Councilman Rafael Castaneira Colon in the Democratic primary for the seat, after Colon had been indicted for appropriating city council expense money for his personal use. In November 1993, Rosado was elected to the New York City Council. He was a member of the City Council from 1994 to 1996.
In June 1996, the Democratic district organization refused to back the incumbent State Senator Pedro Espada Jr. for re-election, and nominated Rosado instead in the 32nd District. In August 1996, Espada's petition to run in the Democratic primary was rejected by the Appellate Division. In November 1996, Rosado was elected to the State Senate, defeating Espada who ran on the Liberal ticket. Rosado was a member of the New York State Senate from 1997 to 2002, sitting in the 192nd and 193rd New York State Legislatures. In September 2000, he ran for re-nomination in the Democratic primary, but this time was defeated by Espada
In 2006, he ran on the Republican ticket for the State Assembly seat in the 84th District, but was defeated by the incumbent Democrat Carmen E. Arroyo.
# Santa Maria in Palmis

Santa Maria in Palmis (Italian: Chiesa di Santa Maria delle Piante; Latin: Sanctae Mariae in Palmis), also known as Chiesa del Domine Quo Vadis, is a small church southeast of Rome. It is located about some 800 m from Porta San Sebastiano, where the Via Ardeatina branches off the Appian Way, on the site where, according to the apocryphal Acts of Peter, Saint Peter met the risen Christ while Peter was fleeing persecution in Rome. According to the tradition, Peter asked him, "Lord, where are you going?" (Latin: Domine, quo vadis?). Christ answered, "I am going to Rome to be crucified again" (Latin: Eo Romam iterum crucifigi).

## History

There has been a sanctuary on the spot since the ninth century, but the current church is from 1637. The current façade was added in the 17th century.
It has been supposed that the sanctuary might have been even more ancient, perhaps a Christian adaptation of an already existing temple: the church is in fact located in front of the sacred campus dedicated to Rediculus, the Roman "God of the Return". This campus hosted a sanctuary for the cult of the deity that received devotion by travellers before their departure, especially those going to face long and dangerous journeys to far-off places like Egypt, Greece or the East. Those travellers upon their safe return also stopped to thank the god for the happy outcome of their journey.
The presence of the Apostle Peter in this area, where he is supposed to have lived, appears to be confirmed in an epigraph in the Catacombs of Saint Sebastian that reads Domus Petri (English: House of Peter). An epigram by Pope Damasus I (366–384) in honor of Peter and Paul reads: "You that are looking for the names of Peter and Paul, you must know that the saints have lived here."
The two footprints on a marble slab at the center of the church — nowadays a copy of the original, which is kept in the nearby Basilica of San Sebastiano fuori le mura — are popularly believed to be a miraculous sign left by Jesus. The official name of the church alludes to these footprints: palmis refers to the soles of Jesus' feet.
An inscription above the front door on the church's façade used to say: "Stop your walking, traveller, and enter this sacred temple in which you will find the footprint of our Lord Jesus Christ when He met with St. Peter who escaped from the prison. An alms for the wax and the oil is recommended in order to free some spirits from Purgatory." Pope Gregory XVI found the advertising tone of this inscription so inappropriate that he ordered its removal in 1845.
There is also a modern column with a bust of Henryk Sienkiewicz, the Polish author of the famous historical fiction novel Quo Vadis: A Narrative of the Time of Nero (1886). It is said that Sienkiewicz was inspired to write his novel while sitting in this church.
The church is currently administered by priests of the Congregation of Saint Michael the Archangel.
# Andrew Jenkins (politician)

Andrew J. Jenkins (born June 27, 1941) is an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Life

He was born on June 27, 1941, in Brooklyn, New York City. He graduated B.A. in social sciences from Fordham University in 1969, and J.D. from Fordham Law School in 1972. He was admitted to the bar in 1974. He also entered politics as a Democrat, and was an Assistant D.A. of Queens County, and a Deputy Buildings Commissioner of New York City.
He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1979 to 1982, sitting in the 183rd and 184th New York State Legislatures; and a member of the New York State Senate from 1983 to 1990, sitting in the 185th, 186th, 187th and 188th New York State Legislatures. He was a delegate to the 1984 Democratic National Convention. On June 10, 1986, he ran on the Liberal ticket for Congress in the 6th District, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Joseph P. Addabbo, but was defeated by Democrat Alton R. Waldon Jr.
On August 1, 1987, Jenkins was arrested at the Plaza Hotel with $150,000 in cash in his possession. He had received the money from an undercover F.B.I. agent who posed as a shady businessman. Jenkins had told the agent that he co-owned a bank in Zaire where he could launder the money. On September 29, 1987, Jenkins was indicted by a federal grand jury. In November 1988, he was re-elected to the State Senate. On May 7, 1990, Jenkins was convicted in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York of accepting deposits without being authorized to engage in banking (under the Glass–Steagall Act) and of using the telephone in interstate and foreign commerce with the intent to promote a crime, both felonies. On the next day, Jenkins's Senate seat was declared vacant by Temporary President Ralph J. Marino. On July 26, 1990, he was sentenced to one year and one day in jail. On March 19, 1991, Jenkins lodged an appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. On August 13, 1991, the verdict was upheld. On October 7, 1991, Jenkins was disbarred by the Appellate Division.
On March 28, 2000, he ran on the Liberal ticket in the special election to fill the vacancy caused by the appointment of State Senator Alton R. Waldon Jr. to the Court of Claims, but was defeated by Democrat Malcolm Smith. At that time Jenkins did administrative work at CUNY York College.
# Christianshavn Incident

The Christianshavn Incident (Danish: Christianshavnhændelsen, Spanish: Christianopuerto Incidente), also known as the Skirmish at Santa Cruz (Danish: Træfningen ved Santa Cruz), was a minor incident and skirmish between Danish and Spanish military assets near Santa Cruz de Tenerife in Spain. The Danish vessel, Christianshavn, was badly wounded and the Danes had to retreat into harbour, where they would be detained.

## Background

In 1639, Christian IV of Denmark sent experienced trader Willem Leyel with the ship Christianshavn to India to investigate current reports about the Danish East India Company's dire financial situation.

### Prelude

However, on 5 March 1640, upon reaching Santa Cruz, Leyel and his men were inspected by the Spanish, who were skeptical of other European nations trading and colonizing India. When the Spaniards approached the ship, they demanded that the captain step ashore and explain where they were heading. By afternoon, the Spanish also demanded Leyel to step ashore, though Leyel explained that it was too late and that he would remain on board that night.
However, Leyel had already finalized a plan to escape the harbour so his arrival at Danish India would not be further delayed.

## Incident

At night when the town and garrison at the Castle of San Cristóbal seemed to be asleep, the Danes manned two boats and equipped them with towropes. Since heaving the anchor would make too much noise, the two boats were intended to help the ship get under sail.
For some time, their escape seemed promising, but suddenly the Danes saw soldiers with burning torches on the ramparts. The Spanish soldiers shouted commands at the Danes and shortly after fired cannon shots at them. The first cannon shot struck off a piece of the mizzenmast, the second made a hole in the ship two feet above the waterline, a third removed a large piece of the yard and a fourth shot made a hole only one foot above the waterline. Christianshavn was also shot from the other side by a Spanish ship but with minor damages inflicted.
Leyel had also forbidden his men to shoot. The reason being that if their escape did not succeed, they would be guilty of firing at a royal Spanish fortress. When it became clear that there was no hope of escaping, Leyel gave orders to hoist the white flag and surrender. On seeing this, the Spanish sent a captain on board and demanded that Leyel and his men come ashore immediately.

## Aftermath

Leyel and his men were now escorted up to the commander of Fort San Cristóbal, where he sought to hand over King Christian's pass, to prove that he sailed legitimately. However, the Spanish commander refused to listen and sent the Danes to La Laguna. Leyel would struggle with the Spanish for almost three more years, until he finally, on 2 March 1643, could sail off to India.
# Endre Molnár

Endre Molnár (born 23 July 1945) is a former Hungarian water polo player. He is one of eight male athletes who won four or more Olympic medals in water polo.
# Matthias Endres

Matthias Endres (born July 6, 1852 in Buffalo, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

## Life

He attended the public schools, and then became a compositor, and later a gas fitter. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Buffalo.
He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Erie Co., 2nd D.) in 1888, 1889, 1890 and 1891.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (31st D.) in 1892 and 1893; and was Chairman of the Committee on Canals, and of the Committee on Indian Affairs.

## Sources

* The New York Red Book compiled by Edgar L. Murlin (published by James B. Lyon, Albany NY, 1897; pg. 403f, 503f and 508)
* Biographical sketches of the members of the Legislature in The Evening Journal Almanac (1892)
* New York State Legislative Souvenir for 1893 with Portraits of the Members of Both Houses by Henry P. Phelps (pg. 12)
New York State Assembly :
| Preceded byFrank M. Giese | New York State Senate Erie County, 2nd District 1888–1891 | Succeeded byJacob Goldberg |
| New York State Senate |||
| Preceded byJohn Laughlin | New York State Senate 31st District 1892–1893 | Succeeded byHenry H. Persons |
# Mitchell Plaat

Mitchell Plaat (born January 3, 1954) is an American-Dutch former professional basketball player. In international competition, he played for the Netherlands men's national basketball team. During his professional career, he played in the Netherlands for Parker Leiden and Nashua Den Bosch and won three national championships. Plaat was also a five-time all-Eredivisie selection.

## College career

Plaat spent two years at De Anza College, playing for the Mountain Lions’ men’s basketball team. In 1974, he was named De Anza’s Athlete of the Year and earned All-American honorable mention status the same year. He went on to play for the Cal State Bakersfield Roadrunners men's basketball team. In 1976, Plaat was named to the All-CCAA Second Team. He earned a degree in business.

## Professional career

A 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) guard, Plaat played professional basketball in the Netherlands from 1977 to 1984. During his five-year stint with Parker Leiden (1977-1982), he won the Dutch national championship in 1978. Plaat scored 18.8 points a game in the championship season. After winning the national championship, he participated in the 1978–79 FIBA European Champions Cup with Leiden. Plaat averaged 19.7 points per game in the European competition. He left Leiden in 1982 and joined fellow Dutch league side Nashua Den Bosch. In his two years with the club, Plaat won two Dutch national championships (1983, 1984). At Den Bosch, he scored 18.4 points (1982–83) and 16.7 points (1983-84) per game in the domestic league. In the 1982-83 season, he reached the semi-final of the European Cup Winners' Cup with Den Bosch. The run included a 86-76 upset win over Spanish powerhouse FC Barcelona in January 1983. Plaat scored 18 points against Barcelona. In the semi-final against ASVEL Basket Villeurbanne, Plaat scored 18 points in the first game and 20 in the second, but narrowly lost both games with Den Bosch.

## National team career

Plaat was a member of the Dutch men’s basketball team, playing a total of 71 games for the Netherlands. He played in the 1979 and 1983 European Championships. In 1983, he was the leading scorer of the Dutch team, averaging 14.2 points a contest. His best performance at the 1983 European Championship came against Germany including players like Detlef Schrempf and Uwe Blab. Plaat scored 24 points against the Germans, leading the Netherlands to a 79-67 win.

## Personal

After his playing days in the Netherlands had come to an end, Plaat returned to the United States. In Portland, Oregon, he became the vice president of procurement for a Fortune 500 company. He was inducted into the De Anza College Hall of Fame in 2011.
# Usza Wielka

Usza Wielka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Klukowo, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) south of Wysokie Mazowieckie and 65 km (40 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.