# Pyrgos, Elis

Pyrgos (Greek: Πύργος, romanized: Pýrgos, lit. 'tower') is a city in the northwestern Peloponnese, Greece, capital of the regional unit of Elis and the seat of the Municipality of Pyrgos. The city is located in the middle of a plain, 4 kilometres (2 miles) from the Ionian Sea. The river Alfeios flows into sea about 7 km (4 mi) south of Pyrgos. The population of the town Pyrgos is 26,052, and of the municipality 45,365 (2021). Pyrgos is 16 km (10 mi) west of Olympia, 16 km (10 mi) southeast of Amaliada, 70 km (43 mi) southwest of Patras and 85 km (53 mi) west of Tripoli.

## Historical population

| Year | Town population | Municipal unit population | Municipality population |
| 1981 | 21,958 | - | - |
| 1991 | 28,465 | 39,183 | - |
| 2001 | 23,791 | 34,902 | 51,777 |
| 2011 | 25,180 | 35,572 | 47,995 |
| 2021 | 26,052 | 35,062 | 45,365 |

## Municipality

The municipality Pyrgos was formed during the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipalities, that became municipal units:
* Iardanos
* Oleni
* Pyrgos
* Volakas
The municipality has an area of 456.610 km$^2$, the municipal unit 170.866 km$^2$.

### Subdivisions

The municipal unit of Pyrgos is divided into the following communities (settlements within the communities given in brackets):
* Pyrgos (Pyrgos, Anthopyrgos, Kavasilakia, Lampeti, Syntriada, Tragano)
* Agios Georgios
* Agios Ilias (Agios Ilias, Pyrgi, Stamatelaiika)
* Agios Ioannis (Agios Ioannis, Kyani Akti, Palatas, Tragano)
* Ampelonas (Ampelonas, Kouzouli, Rozeika)
* Elaionas (Elaionas, Vytinaiika)
* Granitsaiika (Granitsaiika, Kavouri)
* Katakolo (Katakolo, Agios Andreas)
* Koliri (Koliri, Kolireikes Paragkes)
* Korakochori (Korakochori, Agios Andreas, Kallithea, Bouka)
* Lasteika (Lasteika, Itia)
* Leventochori
* Myrtia
* Palaiovarvasaina (Palaiovarvasaina, Agios Georgios, Kampos)
* Salmoni (Salmoni, Alfeios)
* Skafidia (Skafidia, Kalakaiika, Moni Skafidias, Patronikoleika)
* Skourochori (Skourochori, Kato Kavouri)
* Varvasaina (Varvasaina, Kato Varvasaina)
* Vytinaiika

## History
### History of the name

In the 1510s, during Ottoman rule over Greece, a villager from Kalavryta decided to move and reform the area of Pyrgos which up until then was uncultivated. During this reformation he found in a well a large amount of gold ancient coins which he delivered to the Sultan as the rightful owner. The Sultan, Selim I (1470-1520), in order to honor his integrity named him ruler of the region (1512) and gave him a great acreage expanding from Alfeios river until the village Agios Ioannis which is located near Katakolo (the main port of the Elis region). This area was encompassing today's Pyrgos and was uninhabited. According to the stories the new ruler built a great tower (Πύργος, pyrgos in Greek) on a hill in order to supervise his fields and his flocks. This was the first settlement of the area.

## Climate

Pyrgos has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa) with hot and dry summers and rainy winters with generally mild temperatures. Annual precipitation is sizeable, like most of Western Greece, nearly 900 mm, while it peaks in late autumn.
Climate data for Pyrgos (1975-2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.7 (58.5) | 15.0 (59.0) | 17.2 (63.0) | 20.0 (68.0) | 24.8 (76.6) | 29.1 (84.4) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 29.0 (84.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 19.5 (67.1) | 15.9 (60.6) | 22.8 (73.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 9.7 (49.5) | 10.2 (50.4) | 12.3 (54.1) | 15.3 (59.5) | 19.9 (67.8) | 24.1 (75.4) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.4 (79.5) | 23.1 (73.6) | 18.8 (65.8) | 14.2 (57.6) | 11.0 (51.8) | 17.6 (63.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 5.1 (41.2) | 5.3 (41.5) | 6.6 (43.9) | 9.0 (48.2) | 12.4 (54.3) | 15.5 (59.9) | 17.5 (63.5) | 17.9 (64.2) | 15.7 (60.3) | 12.7 (54.9) | 9.4 (48.9) | 6.9 (44.4) | 11.2 (52.1) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 129.7 (5.11) | 104.4 (4.11) | 71.5 (2.81) | 52.9 (2.08) | 26.8 (1.06) | 7.7 (0.30) | 3.6 (0.14) | 10.8 (0.43) | 39.4 (1.55) | 102.1 (4.02) | 177.6 (6.99) | 164.0 (6.46) | 890.5 (35.06) |
| Average rainy days | 12.0 | 11.2 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 4.8 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 4.3 | 7.4 | 11.5 | 13.4 | 85.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 73.6 | 71.9 | 69.0 | 70.3 | 67.7 | 62.3 | 58.7 | 62.0 | 66.7 | 71.2 | 74.9 | 75.3 | 68.6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 143.2 | 147.4 | 193.4 | 227.2 | 285.3 | 332.3 | 360.4 | 333.9 | 263.6 | 215.2 | 152.5 | 124.9 | 2,779.3 |
| Source: HNMS, Sunshine 1975-1997 ||||||||||||||

## Transportation

Pyrgos has a train station with regular trains to the port of Katakolo and Olympia. Service on the line from Patras to Kalamata via Pyrgos has been suspended in 2011. Pyrgos has a bus terminal, served by KTEL Ileias, with regular buses for the regional routes to most places in Elis as well as for intercity routes to Athens and to larger cities such as Patras, Kalamata, Ioannina and Thessaloniki. The Greek National Road 9 connects Pyrgos with Patras and Kyparissia, the Greek National Road 74 run from Pyrgos to Tripoli via Olympia. The nearest airport is located in Andravida near the town of Amaliada but it is served for military operations only. However, there are plans to open passenger operations in the next years. The alternative airports for passenger operations are Araxos airport, located in the province of Aichaia about 60 km to the north-east or Kalamata Captain Vasilios Constatakopoulos airport, in Messinia province near Kalamata about 120 km south of the city.

## Education

Department of Museum Studies of the university of Patras was based in the city.

## Sporting teams

* Paniliakos F.C. (played last in the first division during the 2003–2004 season)

## Notable people

* Andreas Avgerinos (1820–1895), politician
* Petros Avgerinos (19th century), politician, mayor of Pyrgos
* Nakis Avgerinos (1911–2001), politician
* Giorgos Karagounis (1977–), footballer
* Kostas Kazakos (1935–2022), actor and politician
* George Pavlopoulos (1924–2008), poet
* Takis Sinopoulos (1917–1981), poet
* Stephanos Stephanopoulos (1898–1982), politician and President of the Hellenic Republic
* Theodoros Xydis, (1909–1985), poet and essayist.
* Sakis Karagiorgas (1930–1985), professor in Panteion University
* Emmanouil Karalis (1999-), athlete of Pole Vault, Olympic Medalist in Athletics at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris