OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Union Corporation

Union Corporation Limited was a South African mining house. It was founded as the A Goerz & Co Ltd in the late 1890's as a gold mining company. After World War One, it was renamed the Union Corporation. In 1980 it was merged into the General Mining and Finance Corporation later called Gencor.

## History

It was founded on 29 December 1897 as A Goerz & Co Ltd.$^{:234}$ It took over the interests of the British registered company founded by Adolf Goerz in 1893. It had purchased 326 claims on the Witwatersrand gold fields.$^{:234}$ In 1902 the company listed on the London Stock Exchange after a share offering was taken up by British and French investors.$^{:234}$
In 1908 it had opened gold mines on the Far East Rand and by 1914 it had financed the Modderfontein Deep Levels mine.$^{:234}$ The company was renamed Union Corporation in 1918.
The company owned the East Geduld. In 1947, the construction of the St Helena mine began in the Orange Free State. It discovered the Evander goldfields in 1951,$^{:234}$ and would open four mines in Evander.$^{:234}$
In 1969, it started Impala Platinum, and became a uranium producer at Beisa in 1978.$^{:234}$ Other interests included mineral sands north of Richards Bay as Richards Bay Minerals and had an interest in the Port of Richards Bay development.$^{:234}$
Key personalities included Henry Strakosch, who was appointed Managing Director in London in 1902 and Peter Maltitz Anderson, who joined the company in 1911 and became Manager of UCL in 1921.
In 1980 the group merged with General Mining and Finance Corporation to form Gencor,$^{:234}$ which was in turn amalgamated with Gold Fields in 1998.
# Union Corner, West Virginia

Union Corner is an unincorporated community in Berkeley County, West Virginia, United States.
Redbud Hollow in Union Corner was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
# Assu, Rio Grande do Norte

Açu (or Assu) is a municipality (município) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil. The population is 58,384 (2020 est.) in an area of 1303 km².
The municipality contains the Açu National Forest, a 218 hectares (540 acres) sustainable use conservation unit that was originally established as a forest park in 1950. The Barragem Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves, a reservoir on the Piranhas River, is partly located in the municipality.
# Atlético Celaya

The Club Atlético Celaya was a Mexican football club from Celaya, Guanajuato. The club was formed in 1994 when the two second-division clubs Atletico Cuernavaca (Morelos) and Escuadra Celeste de Celaya (Guanajuato) merged. Another team, Atlético Español, was also merged at a later date. The club folded in 2003.

## History

All merging clubs have brought a piece of their old identity into the new formed club: from Atlético Cuernavaca were taken the name to the new club (although its name is also identical with former Atlético Español), from Celeste de Celaya were taken their light blue colors and from Atlético Español the mascot, the bull, which has also given the new team their nickname toros (bulls).
Atlético Celaya has taken the second-division position of their predecessors and has immediately reached the top-level. The first year in Primera División was also their most successful season ever. First, they could win their group and in the play-offs they could make their way up to the finals in which they lost only due to the away-goal-rule after playing 1–1 and 0–0 with Necaxa.
But from now on the club finds itself in lower regions of the table. They had also financial problems which led to the sale of their first-division-license to an industrialist from Morelos in winter 2002–03. He formed a new team with the name Colibríes de Morelos but it disappeared as fast as it once appeared. At the same time when Atlético Celaya has disappeared, their older city neighbour Club Celaya was reactivated again when CF La Piedad moved to Celaya.

## Crest and colours

The club's original colors in the 1950s were red and white. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the club started using black and white with a topical v shape across the chest for home games and a black stripe shirt for away games, which they still use to this date.

### Colours
#### First kit evolution

| 1997 Home | 1997 Away | 2002 – home |

## Famous players

* Diego Cagna
* Diego Latorre
* Antonio Mohamed
* Richard Zambrano
* Ivan Hurtado"El Avetruz"
* Julio César de León"El Leon Indomable"
* Carlos Pavón "El Tanque Catracho"
* Ignacio Ambríz
* José Damasceno "Tiba"
* Félix Fernández
* Jaime Lozano
* Hugo Sánchez
* Pepe Soto
* Emilio Butragueño
* Rafael Martín Vázquez
* Míchel
* Rafael Paz

## Honours

* Won promotion to the Primera División in 1994–95
* Emilio Butrageño & Hugo Sanchez retired from Atletico Celaya
* This article about a Mexican association football club is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Athletics at the 2011 All-Africa Games – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay

The women's 4 × 400 metres relay event at the 2011 All-Africa Games was held on 15 September 2011.

## Results

| Rank | Nation | Athletes | Time |
| | Nigeria | ?, ?, ?, Bukola Abogunloko | 3:31.21 |
| | Senegal | ?, ?, ?, Amy Mbacké Thiam | 3:32.21 |
| | Kenya | ?, ?, ?, Sakari Joy Nakumicha | 3:37.37 |
| 4 | Botswana | ?, ?, ?, ? | 3:38.54 |
| 5 | Zimbabwe | ?, ?, ?, ? | 4:04.72 |
# Starting All Over Again (One Horse Blue song)

"Starting All Over Again" is a song recorded by Canadian country music group One Horse Blue. It was released in 1993 as the third single from their fifth studio album, One Horse Blue. It peaked at number 7 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in October 1993.

## Chart performance
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 7 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1993) | Position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 94 |
# Arty

Arty may refer to:

## People

* Arty (queen), 8th century BC wife of Pharaoh Shebitku
* Arty (musician) (born 1989), Russian record producer and DJ born Artem Stolyarov
* Arty Ash, stage name of British actor Arthur Richard Dodge (1895–1954)
* A nickname of Ray Holmes (1914–2005), British Royal Air Force fighter pilot who rammed a German bomber during the Battle of Britain, protecting Buckingham Palace
* Arty Hill, 21st century American country music singer-songwriter
* Arty McGlynn (1944–2019), Irish guitarist
* Mary Ann Arty (1926–2000), American politician

## Other uses

* Arty (magazine), an independent British art fanzine started in 2001
* Military term for artillery
# Anniealexandria

Anniealexandria is an extinct genus of amphisbaenian lizard known by the type species Anniealexandria gansi from the earliest Eocene of Wyoming. Anniealexandria is the only known member of the family Bipedidae in the fossil record, which otherwise only includes the extant genus Bipes from Mexico. It was named in 2009 in honor of Annie Montague Alexander, founder of the University of California Museum of Paleontology. Remains of Anniealexandria are known only from a single fossil locality in the Bighorn Basin called Castle Gardens, but within the locality its fossils are common in the Willwood Formation, usually consisting of isolated jaw bones and vertebrae. Anniealexandria seems to have been a common component of a paleofauna that included fifteen other lizard species and existed in western North America during a period of global warming in the latest Paleocene and earliest Eocene.
Below is a cladogram from Longrich et al. (2015) showing the phylogenetic relationships of Anniealexandria:
# Olejníkov

Olejníkov is a village and municipality in Sabinov District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1454.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 484 metres and covers an area of 44.461 km$^2$. It has a population of about 357 people.
# Spring Valley State Park

Spring Valley State Park is a public recreation area adjoining the 65-acre (26 ha) Eagle Valley Reservoir in eastern Nevada near the border with the state of Utah. The state park is located at the east end of Nevada State Route 322, 20 miles (32 km) east of the town of Pioche and near the village of Ursine.

## History

The Eagle Valley Dam was built on Meadow Valley Wash in 1965, creating the Eagle Valley Reservoir for agricultural usage. The area around the reservoir was designated a state park in 1969.

## Activities and amenities

The park offers camping, fishing, a boat launch, picnicking, hiking trails, historic ranch buildings, and a group-use area.

## Climate

Climate data for Spring Valley State Park, Nevada, 1991–2020 normals, 1974-2020 extremes: 5950ft (1814m) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 68 (20) | 74 (23) | 80 (27) | 84 (29) | 94 (34) | 99 (37) | 108 (42) | 103 (39) | 99 (37) | 89 (32) | 77 (25) | 68 (20) | 108 (42) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 55.9 (13.3) | 59.5 (15.3) | 67.9 (19.9) | 75.8 (24.3) | 83.8 (28.8) | 92.2 (33.4) | 97.1 (36.2) | 94.0 (34.4) | 88.7 (31.5) | 79.3 (26.3) | 68.1 (20.1) | 57.0 (13.9) | 97.7 (36.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 43.7 (6.5) | 47.0 (8.3) | 54.7 (12.6) | 62.1 (16.7) | 71.5 (21.9) | 82.9 (28.3) | 89.3 (31.8) | 87.0 (30.6) | 79.8 (26.6) | 66.9 (19.4) | 53.7 (12.1) | 43.6 (6.4) | 65.2 (18.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 26.9 (−2.8) | 30.9 (−0.6) | 37.9 (3.3) | 43.1 (6.2) | 51.1 (10.6) | 59.1 (15.1) | 66.2 (19.0) | 64.1 (17.8) | 56.3 (13.5) | 44.8 (7.1) | 34.7 (1.5) | 26.3 (−3.2) | 45.1 (7.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 10.1 (−12.2) | 14.8 (−9.6) | 21.0 (−6.1) | 24.2 (−4.3) | 30.6 (−0.8) | 35.2 (1.8) | 43.2 (6.2) | 41.2 (5.1) | 32.8 (0.4) | 22.8 (−5.1) | 15.8 (−9.0) | 9.0 (−12.8) | 25.1 (−3.9) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | −10.9 (−23.8) | −3.1 (−19.5) | 7.2 (−13.8) | 11.8 (−11.2) | 18.8 (−7.3) | 25.4 (−3.7) | 31.7 (−0.2) | 30.4 (−0.9) | 22.2 (−5.4) | 11.5 (−11.4) | 0.8 (−17.3) | −8.6 (−22.6) | −17.4 (−27.4) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −29 (−34) | −33 (−36) | −10 (−23) | −3 (−19) | 9 (−13) | 13 (−11) | 24 (−4) | 21 (−6) | 13 (−11) | −2 (−19) | −26 (−32) | −45 (−43) | −45 (−43) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.04 (26) | 1.51 (38) | 1.42 (36) | 0.87 (22) | 0.86 (22) | 0.51 (13) | 1.00 (25) | 1.57 (40) | 1.00 (25) | 1.22 (31) | 0.69 (18) | 1.43 (36) | 13.12 (332) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 4.80 (12.2) | 5.90 (15.0) | 5.00 (12.7) | 1.60 (4.1) | 0.20 (0.51) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.40 (1.0) | 2.60 (6.6) | 6.10 (15.5) | 26.6 (67.61) |
| Source 1: NOAA (1981-2010 snowfall) ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: XMACIS2 (records & monthly max/mins) ||||||||||||||
# Chyle

Chyle (from Greek χυλός (chylos) 'juice') is a milky bodily fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats, or free fatty acids (FFAs). It is formed in the small intestine during digestion of fatty foods, and taken up by lymph vessels specifically known as lacteals. The lipids in the chyle are colloidally suspended in chylomicrons.

## Clinical significance

A chyle fistula occurs when defect(s) of lymphatic vessel(s) result in leakage of lymphatic fluid, typically accumulating in the thoracic (pleural) or abdominal (peritoneal) cavities, leading to a chylous pleural effusion (chylothorax) or chylous ascites, respectively.
Diagnosis of a chyle fistula may be accomplished by analysis of pleural/peritoneal fluid. Identifying the source (localizing the lymphatic defect) is often challenging, but may be accomplished with lymphangiography, which is occasionally associated with a serendipitous therapeutic effect (resolution of the leak), thought to be secondary to a sclerosant effect of the lymphangiography contrast.
Due to the extreme friability of the lymphatic vessels, direct repair of defects is impractical. Therefore, treatment of chyle fistulae relies upon either decreased production of lymphatic fluid to allow for healing of lymphatic defect(s) or permanent diversion of lymphatic fluid away from lymphatic defect(s). Decreased production of lymphatic fluid may be accomplished by dietary restriction (or complete replacement of oral intake with total parenteral nutrition), as well as by the medications octreotide (a synthetic analogue of the hormone somatostatin) and orlistat (a lipase inhibitor that decreases absorption of dietary fats). Permanent diversion of lymphatic fluid may be accomplished by thoracic duct embolization (a needle-based procedure to occlude the duct by depositing glue/embolic material into it) or by thoracic duct ligation (an open surgical procedure to occlude the duct by suturing tightly around it).
# Monz

Monz is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Anna Monz (born 1989), German handball player
* Mauro Monz (born 1974), American football player
# Arnold van Foreest

Jonkheer Arnold Engelinus van Foreest (29 June 1863 – 24 June 1954) was a Dutch chess master. The younger brother of Dirk van Foreest, he thrice won Dutch Championship in 1889, 1893, and 1902. He is the great-great grandfather of the siblings Jorden van Foreest, the 2016 Dutch Champion, Lucas van Foreest, the 2019 Dutch Champion, and Machteld van Foreest, the 2022 Dutch Women's Champion.
By profession, van Foreest was an inspector at the Dutch postal company, and also held positions in the Dutch Chess Federation, including one year as president.

## Chess career

He took 8th at The Hague 1878 (A. Polak Daniels won), took 5th at Utrecht 1886 (NED-ch, his brother Dirk won), took 3rd, behind Rudolf Loman and Dirk van Foreest, at Rotterdam 1888 (NED-ch), and took 8th at Amsterdam 1889 (it, Amos Burn won).
Arnold van Foreest won at Gouda 1889 (NED-ch), shared 1st at Groningen 1893 (NED-ch), won at Groningen 1896, took 2nd, behind Bleijkmans, at Leiden 1896, tied for 3rd-4th at The Hague 1898 (Jan Diderik Tresling won), took 3rd at Haarlem 1901 (Adolf Georg Olland won), and won at Rotterdam 1902. He also shared 1st with Frank James Marshall at Amsterdam 1911 (Quadrangular), and took 14th at Scheveningen 1913 (Alexander Alekhine won).
# Simplicity (photography)

* A starfish against a crowded background
* A starfish against a neutral background
Several methods can achieve simplicity in a photograph. One of the simplest is to place the subject against a neutral background such as a backdrop or the sky. Backgrounds can be entirely neutral, like a solid backdrop or a cloudless sky; or they can complement the image, like a starfish on the sand.
A more technical method of achieving simplicity involves focusing on the subject while ensuring the background is out of focus. Macro settings on digital cameras tend to do this automatically, as they have a narrow depth of field to begin with; the same effect can be achieved with manual adjustment.
A photograph showing simplicity should have a clear reason the subject was chosen. The reason for taking the picture should be clearly evident. All unrelated topics should not be present. This relates to shallow depth of field as well, which blurs out the background and focuses on what is the main subject of the photograph. Whether said subject is in the center or otherwise does not matter as this is strictly a product of photographic composition.
# Simplicity Manufacturing Company

Simplicity Manufacturing Company is an American company based in Port Washington, Wisconsin that builds lawn and garden equipment under various brands. The company was founded by William J. Niederkorn in 1922, and started building walk-behind two-wheeled tractors in 1939. Between 1941 and 1945, due to World War II, Simplicity Manufacturing temporarily halted production of lawn and garden products, and manufactured electric fence controllers and external surface grinders to satisfy the War Production Board. Simplicity built is first riding tractor in 1957 which was the model Wonderboy. The company rapidly expanded its product line in the sixties to meet the demands of the population shift to American suburbs. Allis-Chalmers purchased the company in 1965, and Simplicity's management bought it back in 1983. Simplicity Manufacturing celebrated its 75th anniversary in 1997 with a special 75th anniversary tractor model. The tractor featured a special blue paint scheme with chrome Harley-Davidson lights and muffler.
Sometime after AGCO Corporation purchased Deutz-Allis from Deutz-Fahr and KHD, Simplicity took over building and selling the Deutz-Allis lawn equipment. The name was later changed to Agco-Allis, and then to AGCO to reflect the changes within the AGCO Corporation.
After AGCO purchased Massey Ferguson, Simplicity began building and selling the Massey Ferguson lawn equipment. Simplicity bought the Snapper company in 2002. Snapper had built Massey Ferguson lawn tractors many years before.
Over the years, Simplicity has also built lawn and garden tractors for J.C. Penney, Montgomery Ward, Viking (part of Stihl), Homelite Corporation and Rapid. Hinomoto/Toyosha built some of the larger compact tractors sold as Simplicity, Deutz-Allis and Allis-Chalmers.
* 1989, purchased the Middlesworth company of Greentown, Indiana, a manufacturer of zero-turn mowers
* 2000 Simplicity announced that it had agreed to purchase Ferris Industries
* 2000 purchased Giant-Vac
* 2002, purchased the Snapper company
* 2004, was purchased by Briggs & Stratton
# Simplicity Pattern

The Simplicity Pattern Company is a manufacturer of sewing pattern guides, under the "Simplicity Pattern", "It's So Easy" and "New Look" brands. The company was founded in 1927 in New York City. During the Great Depression, Simplicity allowed home seamstresses to create fashionable clothing in a reliable manner. The patterns are manufactured in the US but are distributed and sold in Canada, England, and Australia, in some markets by Burda and in Mexico and South Africa by third-party distributors. The company licenses its name to the manufacture of non-textile materials such as sewing machines, doll house kits, and sewing supplies. Simplicity is now owned by Design Group Americas, Inc, a subsidiary of the British company IG Design Group plc.

## History

James J. Shapiro (1909–1995) founded the Simplicity Pattern Company in 1927 and was its first president. The company was based on an idea of his father's, Joseph M. Shapiro (1888 Russia – 1968 California), a magazine ad salesman. The company at one point was considered part of the NYSE Nifty Fifty stocks.
In 1998, the company was acquired by Conso International Corp. Conso subsequently changed its name to Simplicity Creative Group, Inc. Until 2007, the company had its main plant in Niles, Michigan.
Simplicity Creative Group was acquired by Wilton Brands, Inc. in 2013, and sold in November 2017 to CSS Industries, who in turn were acquired in January 2020 by IG Design Group plc, via their American subsidiary Design Group Americas, Inc.

## Sewing from patterns

Simplicity Patterns, like most home sewing patterns, consist of tissue paper printed with numerical guides and instructions. The paper is pinned on the fabric, and the sewer then cuts along the printed lines and stitches the cloth together to create the finished clothing. Each Simplicity pattern has step-by-step instructions for cutting, stitching, and assembling of clothes. Simplicity aims to emulate fashion designer clothing, and the company currently produces over 1,600 patterns.
# Tracheobronchitis

Tracheobronchitis is inflammation of the trachea and bronchi. It is characterised by a cough, fever, and purulent (containing pus) sputum and is therefore suggestive of pneumonia. It is classified as a respiratory tract infection.
Tracheobronchitis is often a hospital-acquired infection, particularly in an intensive care setting, associated with the use of mechanical ventilators, and the need for inserting a tracheal tube. In these cases it is known as ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis. The infection begins in the trachea where it colonises and spreads to the bronchi.
The characteristic increased sputum produced can give problems in the removal of the tracheal tube (extubation). Tracheobronchial infections are responsible for up to 80% of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

## Causes

Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis is a hospital-acquired infection usually contracted in an intensive care unit when a mechanical ventilator is used. The insertion of a tracheal tube can cause an infection in the trachea which then colonises and spreads to the bronchi. If there is further spread and development into the lungs this will give rise to ventilator-associated pneumonia. Antibiotics are recommended to prevent this development but only as a short term measure as antibiotic resistance is already high in some of the pathogens involved. This does not always progress to pneumonia.
Fungal tracheobronchitis can be invasive into the lung tissue or pulmonary artery and cause a severe lung infection. The extra secreted mucus from tracheobronchitis plugs the airways allowing the fungal pathogens to lodge and multiply. Local damage to the tracheal wall that can be caused by mechanical ventilation is a risk factor for this. Respiratory failure may develop from this infection.
Herpetic tracheobronchitis is caused by herpes simplex virus and causes small ulcers covered in exudate to form on the mucous membranes. The exudate contains necrotic cells from the mucosal epithelium.
The characteristic increased sputum produced can give problems in the removal of the tracheal tube (extubation). In the course of cystic fibrosis the lungs are affected. Thickened mucus secretions block the airways making infection possible. The recurrence of tracheobronchitis presents a major problem.
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease tracheobronchial infections are responsible for up to 80% of exacerbations.

## In dogs

Tracheobronchitis often affects dogs particularly those confined in kennels where their persistent barking worsens the inflammation. This canine infectious tracheobronchitis is more usually known as kennel cough.
# Track and field at the 2011 Military World Games – Men's 1500 metres

The men's 1500 metres event at the 2011 Military World Games was held on 21 and 22 and 23 July at the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and CISM record were as follows:
| World Record | Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) | 3:26.00 | Rome, Italy | 14 July 1998 |
| CISM World Record | Mohamed Suleiman (QAT) | 3:34.82 | Tours, France | August 1993 |

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| 21 July 2011 | | Round 1 |
| 22 July 2011 | | Semifinals |
| 23 July 2011 | 09:50 | Final |

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Gideon Gathimba Kenya | Mohamed Moustaoui Morocco | Imad Touil Algeria |

## Results
### Final

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | Gideon Gathimba | Kenya | 3:40.62 |
| | Mohamed Moustaoui | Morocco | 3:41.04 |
| | Imad Touil | Algeria | 3:41.24 |
| 4 | Yoann Kowal | France | 3:41.50 |
| 5 | Bartosz Nowicki | Poland | 3:44.32 |
| 6 | Ghirmay Weldeyowhans | Eritrea | 3:44.81 |
| 7 | Alemu Gebre | Bahrain | 3:45.80 |
| 8 | Chaminda Indika Wijekoon | Sri Lanka | 3:47.33 |
| 9 | Dotto Ikangaa | Tanzania | 3:48.54 |
| 10 | Mohammed Hajjaj | Morocco | 3:49.49 |
| 11 | Abdelkader Bakhtache | France | 3:49.55 |
| 12 | Alan O'Brien | Ireland | 3:52.77 |
# Arsène Marie Paul Vauthier

Arsène Marie Paul Vauthier (1885-1979) was a French Major General. He was imprisoned in Colditz from 19 January 1945.