OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gerhild Romberger

Gerhild Romberger is a German mezzo-soprano and contralto concert singer.

## Career

Born in Sögel, Germany, Romberger studied music pedagogy at the Hochschule für Musik Detmold, and then voice with Heiner Eckels. She graduated in 1990 with the artistic diploma (künstlerische Reifeprüfung) and took the concert exam in 1992. She took master classes with Hartmut Höll, Annie Schoonus, and Mitsuko Shirai.
Her repertories are mezzo and contralto parts in Lied, oratorio, and concert, from Baroque to contemporary. She has collaborated with the conductors Enoch zu Guttenberg, Manfred Honeck, Hermann Max, Ralf Otto, Hans-Christoph Rademann and Christoph Spering, and others. She made several recordings and has performed internationally, for example singing Beethoven's Missa solemnis in South America. She appeared in his Ninth Symphony at the Beethovenfest of 2013, alongside Susanne Bernhard, Andreas Schager and Franz-Josef Selig, with the Bamberg Symphony chorus and orchestra, conducted by Jonathan Nott. She performed the solo contralto part in Mahler's Second Symphony in a performance of the Rheingau Musik Festival 2017 at Eberbach Abbey, conducted by Christoph Eschenbach, as well as with Berlin Philharmonic and Andris Nelsons, the SWR Vokalensemble, Chor des Bayerischen Rundfunks [de] and SWR Symphonieorchester.
She has been a lecturer of voice at the Hochschule für Musik Detmold and was appointed professor there in 2003.
In 2015, Romberger was awarded the ECHO Klassik in the Kategorie Kammermusikeinspielung des Jahres (Musik des 20./21. Jahrhunderts) (contemporary chamber music), with Alfredo Perl and tenor Stephan Rügamer, and the Detmolder Kammerorchester, for their recording of the chamber version of Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde.
# Avgerinos (name)

Avgerinos is a Greek name, significantly of a family of Elis. Notable people with the name include:
* Agamemnon Avgerinos (fl. 1821–1865), Greek politician
* Andreas Avgerinos (1820–1895), Greek politician
* Avgerinos Katranas (born 1988), Greek footballer
* Charalambos Avgerinos (1866–1942), Greek politician
* Georgios Avgerinos (fl. 1778–1821), Greek leader and merchant
* Nakis Avgerinos (1911–2002), Greek politician
* Paraskevas Avgerinos (born 1927), Greek politician
* Paul Avgerinos (born 1957), American musician
* Petros Avgerinos (fl. 1868–1889), Greek politician
* Theo Avgerinos (born 1978), American film director
# Nicholas Krall

Nicholas Krall is an American theoretical plasma physicist. Dr Krall has authored over 160 science publications and has contributed to the fields of electron scattering, plasma stability, high energy nuclear physics and magnetohydrodynamics. He has worked at General Atomics, the University of California, San Diego, the Naval Research Laboratory and University of Maryland.

## Career

He received his BS in physics from the University of Notre Dame in 1954 and his PhD in theoretical physics from Cornell University in 1959. After graduation, Dr. Krall worked as a staff scientist and a manager at General Atomics in San Diego until 1967. He worked closely with physicist Marshall Rosenbluth. After general atomics he accepted a position as professor of physics at the University of Maryland, College Park in 1967 and held that position for six years. While at Maryland he was appointed director joint program for plasma physics, at the Naval Research Laboratory. He held that position until 1973. He also co-wrote a textbook on plasma physics with Alvin Trivelpiece and in 1973 he won a Guggenheim Fellowship. He was a visiting professor at the University of California, San Diego and became a vice president at Science Applications, Inc. until 1978. He made contributions to the plasma behavior in Tokamaks and Stellarators. He was appointed chairman of the US Department of Energy's Office of Science committee on alternate fusion concepts in 1977. He became executive vice president and chief scientist at Jaycor Inc in 1978 and held that position until at least 1985. He co-founded (with Stephen O. Dean and Alvin Trivelpiece) the Fusion Power Associates, a Washington-based non for profit organization in 1979 and served as board chairman in 1983. In 1980 he served as chairman of division of plasma physics for the American Physical Society. In January 1988, he formed a consulting firm, Krall Associates. He consulted with Robert W. Bussard in the late 1980s and early 1990s on Polywell research.

## Personal

Dr. Krall was born in Kansas City on February 16, 1932. He is twice married and is the father of six children and grandfather of nine. Even after retirement, he continues contributing to research within his field.
# Nicias alurnoides

Nicias is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species Nicias alurnoides. Other species formerly placed in the genus Nicias are now classified in the genus Oideterus.
# Nictaux

Nictaux is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Annapolis County. Nictaux is at the intersection of Highway 10 and Highway 201. The name Nictaux comes from the Mi'kmaq word Niktak, meaning 'The forks of a river'.
Since the Nictaux school was closed in 1987, the children there have been bused across the Annapolis River to Middleton. The community does however maintain its own volunteer fire department.
Other communities in the area with a similar name are Nictaux Falls, Nictaux South, Nictaux East and Nictaux West.
44°55′36″N 65°02′54″W﻿ / ﻿44.92667°N 65.04833°W﻿ / 44.92667; -65.04833
# Azerbaijan at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics

Azerbaijan competed at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics in Lausanne, Switzerland from 9 to 22 January 2020. This was also the first time that Azerbaijan qualified to compete at the Winter Youth Olympic Games.
Azerbaijan made it Winter Youth Olympics debut.

## Figure skating

Two Azerbaijanis figure skaters achieved quota places for Azerbaijan based on the results of the 2019 World Junior Figure Skating Championships.

### Singles

| Athlete | Event | SP | SP | FS | FS | Total | Total |
| Athlete | Event | Points | Rank | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| Ekaterina Ryabova | Girls' singles | 59.30 | 9 | 110.07 | 8 | 169.37 | 8 |
# Niedergebra

Niedergebra is a municipality in the district of Nordhausen, in Thuringia, Germany.
# Niedergeckler

Niedergeckler is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.
# Aziz Efendi

Aziz Efendi may refer to:
* Giritli Ali Aziz Efendi (1749–1798), Ottoman ambassador and author of Muhayyelat
* Hattat Aziz Efendi (1871–1934), Turkish calligrapher
# Gertrude Conaway Vanderbilt

Gertrude Conaway Vanderbilt (1901 – August 6, 1978) was an American socialite and philanthropist. She was one of the first women to compete in the America's Cup, alongside her husband, Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, in 1934 and 1937.

## Early life

Gertrude Conaway was born in 1901 in Philadelphia. Her father, John L. Conaway, was "a famous horseman," however he died when she was 10. Her stepfather, W. Barklie Henry, was a banker and yachtsman.
Conaway grew up in Philadelphia, where she acted in amateur theatre.

## Yachting and philanthropy

Vanderbilt was one of the first women allowed to compete in the America's Cup. She was allowed aboard her husband's yachts during the 1934 America's Cup and the 1937 America's Cup.
Vanderbilt served on the board of trust of Vanderbilt University, a private university in Nashville, Tennessee, as an honorary trustee. She endowed scholarships in the English department.
Vanderbilt bequeathed $1 million to the Newport Hospital, $1 million to the JFK Medical Center in Atlantis, Florida, $200,000 to the Shenandoah County Memorial Hospital in Woodstock, Virginia, and $100,000 to the NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital. She also donated $1.25 million to the Preservation Society of Newport County, an organization to protect the architectural heritage of Newport County, Rhode Island.

## Personal life and death

Conaway married Harold Stirling Vanderbilt on August 20, 1933, in New York City; he was 17 years older than she. They never had children. They resided in New York City and at Eastover, a property in Manalapan, Florida near Palm Beach designed by architect Maurice Fatio. They summered at Rock Cliff, an estate in Newport, Rhode Island that they purchased in 1961. When her husband died in 1970, Vanderbilt inherited over $1 million as well as $15 million in trust funds.
Vanderbilt died on August 8, 1978, in Newport, Rhode Island. Her funeral was held at Trinity Church, and she was buried in St. Mary's Cemetery, Portsmouth, Rhode Island.
# Atout France

Atout France, the France Tourism Development Agency (formerly Maison de la France, the French National Tourist Office), is the French organisation responsible for promoting France as a tourism destination.

## History

Atout France was created on 22 July 2009 for the development and modernization of tourism services in France. It was created by merging Maison de la France, an agency that promotes the French culture abroad, and ODIT France, a tourism engineering company.
This merger brought together all the functions of promotion including campaigns, press campaigns, canvassing and tourism engineering such as diagnosis, development plans, project management assistance etc. under a single entity to strengthen the positioning of French tourism.

## Status

The agency is placed under the supervision of the Minister of Tourism, Government of France.
Its status as an economic interest group reflects the desire to carry out the public service mission of the Ministry of Tourism in partnership with the State, Central Administrations and local authorities, and the tourism professions, including the major French and foreign industrial and commercial groups involved in tourism. As of 2023, Atout France has total 1,200 partners both from public and private tourism professionals.
The General Assembly of the EIG is chaired by the Minister of Tourism. Its board of directors has 37 members, one third of whom are representatives of the state and two thirds of whom are tourism professionals.
# 1724 in architecture

The year 1724 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

## Events

* Work recommences on the Salon d'Hercule at Versailles under Jacques Gabriel, after a break caused by the death of King Louis XIV of France in 1715.

## Buildings and structures
### Buildings completed

* Cannons, a house in Edgware, Middlesex, England, built for James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos with façades designed by James Gibbs.
* Maids of Honour Row, terraced houses on Richmond Green, Richmond, Surrey, England.
* Chester Courthouse in Pennsylvania (North America).
* Shire Hall, Monmouth, Great Britain.
* Church of St. Edmund, Dudley, England.
* St. Stephanus, Bork, Germany.
* Cluj Jesuit Church in Transylvania (Romania).
* Stavropoleos Monastery in Bucharest, Romania.
* Rebuilt Sam Poo Kong temple in Semarang, Java.

## Awards

* Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Jean-Pierre Le Tailleur de Boncourt.

## Births

* June 8 – John Smeaton, English civil engineer (died 1792)
* October – Hans Næss, Danish architect (died 1795)
* date unknown – Julien-David Le Roy, French architect and archaeologist (died 1803)

## Deaths

* January 24 – William Dickinson, English architect (born c.1670)
* March 8 – Enrico Zuccalli, Swiss architect working for the Wittelsbach regents of Bavaria and Cologne (born c.1642)
* date unknown – Pierre Cailleteau, French architect and interior designer (born 1655)
# Glory, God and Gold

Glory, God and Gold is a narrative history by Paul Wellman, published in 1954. The title refers to motivations for the conquest of the New World. As such, they served the tendency toward imperialism.
# Hogood Coffee

Hogood Coffee (Chinese: 后谷咖啡; pinyin: Hòugǔ Kāfēi) is a Chinese maker of coffee products. It is the largest domestic instant coffee producer.

## Corporate affairs

The company's second largest shareholder is Chongqing Energy International (Hong Kong) Co Ltd., which also established the Chongqing Coffee Exchange, a spot trading center for coffee beans.

## History

The company was founded in 2007. It had been a supplier of coffee beans to Nestle before launching its own brand of instant coffee. Hogood Coffee, launched instant coffee with walnut protein powder instead of non-dairy creamer.

## Planting and processing

Hogood plants much of the coffee in its home region of Dehong, one of the 3 primary regions for coffee cultivation in Yunnan. The company contracts farm land from smallholders and plants seedlings, and then re-contracts the land back to farmers to purchase the coffee beans from the farmers at harvest. Due to the smallholdings typical in China, by employing a scheme to consolidate farm lands, productivity is increased. The success of the scheme relies on relaxed land use laws.
The company is investing in a RMB 1 billion (US$145 million) scheduled to be completed in 2018 to produce an announced 10,000 tonnes of freeze-dried coffee, 2,000 tonnes of liquid coffee concentrate and 3,000 tonnes of baked coffee beans annually.

## Marketing and exports

Hogood markets its own brand of instant coffee and roasted whole beans. In the domestic market for instant coffee, Nestle dominates with a market share of over 70% while Hogood only held 2.7% in 2014.
Hogood accounts for about half of the country's coffee exports. Since July 2015 the company has shipped coffee to Europe through the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe railway link, which passes through Kazakhstan before reaching Duisburg, Germany, taking 14 days over the 30-35 days of the earlier used sea route from Guangzhou.

## In popular culture

During a Ministry of Foreign Affairs reception in Beijing in February 2017 to introduce Yunnan to the diplomatic community, Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi praised the company: “The coffee I just drank is called Hogood. I am not exaggerating -- this is the best coffee that I have ever tasted as a globetrotter.”
# Herbert Noyes

Frederick Robert Halsey Herbert Noyes (29 November 1839 – 1 January 1917) was a British Anglican priest and author.
Noyes was born in Brussels, Belgium, the fifth son of Thomas Herbert Noyes and Mary Elizabeth Halsey of the Halseys of Gaddesden Place. He was Provost of the Cathedral of The Isles and Collegiate Church of the Holy Spirit, Millport, Isle of Cumbrae from 1875 to 1885; and Dean of Argyll and The Isles from 1883 to 1886 and later held incumbencies at Long Crichel with Moor Crichel and then Dunnington. He died in York on New Year's Day, 1917.
In 1916, his son Capt. Talbot Ronald Arthur Herbert Noyes was killed at the Battle of the Somme in the First World War.
# Standard Tool & Manufacturing

Standard Tool & Manufacturing was a Swedish-American Tool and main supplier of electronics to the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) based in Kearny, New Jersey, United States.
Another company called Standard Tool & Mfg was founded in 1994.

## History

The company was founded in 1910 by Swedish emigrant Johannes Strandberg. In the early history of Standard Tools the company consisted of a small machine shop that made metal parts, machine tools and metalworking equipment. In 1926 Mr Bernard "Bearny" J. Keating took over as chairman and the company expanded. On March 13, 1945, Standard Tool and Manufacturing company received the Army-Navy E, Award of Excellence for Achievement in Production. In 1955 Standard Tools was cited by the RCA for "many outstanding contributions to R.C.A. and the electronics industry over the past twenty-five years". Mr Keating was named the outstanding Roman Catholic layman of the year by St. John's University, Brooklyn and received its St. Vincent de Paul Medal.
# Noida Sector 142 metro station

The Noida Sector 142 is an elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Aqua Line of Noida Metro in the city of Noida, Uttar Pradesh. It was opened on 25 January 2019.

## Station layout

Noida Sector 142 track layout :
Legend :
Station with two tracks and two side platforms :
| G | Street level | Exit/Entrance |
| L1 | Mezzanine | Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover |
| L2 | Side platform | Doors will open on the left | Side platform | Doors will open on the left |
| L2 | Platform 2 Southbound | Towards → Depot Next Station: Noida Sector 143 |
| L2 | Platform 1 Northbound | Towards ← Noida Sector 51 Next Station: Noida Sector 137 |
| Side platform | Doors will open on the left | |
| L2 | | |
# Girish Shambu

Girish Shambu is an American film blogger, cinephile, film critic and educator.
Besides maintaining an eponymous blog, which has become a popular center for the film blogging community, Shambu has contributed writing to including Senses of Cinema, Artforum, Cineaste and The Auteurs' Notebook.

## Biography

Girish Shambu received a B. Tech. in chemical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur, India and a Ph.D. in management systems / computer science from the State University of New York at Buffalo. Shambu teaches management at Canisius College, and has been the recipient of the Donald E. Calvert Teaching Excellence Award twice.
Shambu began blogging on film in 2004, and within a few years has become one of the most popular of a growing community of devoted cinephiles writing online. In an interview for a sub-site of the film criticism website The House Next Door in 2006, Shambu named Pauline Kael's review of Brian De Palma's Dressed to Kill, James Monaco's book on the French New Wave (which he read several times before he had ever seen a French film), J. Hoberman's Vulgar Modernism and the website of cinephile Acquarello as having had a formative influence on his interest in film.
In August 2011, as co-editor with Adrian Martin, Shambu launched the film journal LOLA.
# Gladiolus 'White Prosperity'

Gladiolus 'White Prosperity' is a cultivar of 'Gladiolus' (Gladiolus grandiflora), it has large, pure white flowers with ruffled petals, blooming from mid to late summer.
It grows from corms and has sword-like leaves. It has flower spikes that can be from 90 cm, to 120 cm tall. They bloom in mid summer, between July–August.
The large flowers, are pure white, or snowy-white flowers, with ruffled petals, and dark pink streaks near the throat.
The tall flower spikes are often used in large flower arrangements, or exhibitions and in the garden borders.
It is grown in Europe and most states of the United States, and could be listed in 'top 12 of all time as a white cut flower'.
# Gladiolus (disambiguation)

Gladiolus (plural gladioli) is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the iris family.
Gladiolus may also refer to:
* Gladiolus, the body of the sternum
* Gladiolus, a 1992 card game by Society of Ancients
* Gladiolus Amicitia, a character in Final Fantasy XV
* "Gladiolus", a song from Darling in the Franxx Original Soundtrack Volume 3
* "Gladiolus", a song by Every Little Thing from the 2008 album Door
* HMS Gladiolus, the name of two Royal Navy ships
** Gladiolus-class corvette
* USS Gladiolus, an 1864 Union Navy steamship
# Giuseppe Del Papa

Giuseppe Del Papa (1 March 1648 – 13 March 1735) was an Italian physician, philosopher, and logician.

## Works

* Lettera nella quale si discorre se il fuoco e la luce siano una cosa medesima (in Italian). Florence: Giovanni Antonio Bonardi. 1675.
* Della natura dell'umido e del secco (in Italian). Florence: Vincenzo Vangelisti. 1681.
* Trattati varj fatti in diverse occasioni (in Italian). Florence: Giovanni Gaetano Tartini & Santi Franchi. 1734.
# Badass (guitar bridges)

Badass was first trademarked by Leo Quan, a manufacturer of bridges for guitars and basses. Badass bridges (used on the Martin EB18 electric bass and a replacement bridge on the Fender Precision Bass) feature individually adjustable saddles, which allows for "extremely accurate intonation adjustments." The Badass came on the market in the 1970s, and was made by entrepreneur and guitar repairman Glen Quan, of Marin County music store Bananas At Large and Leo Malliaris of Oakland's Leo's Music (hence Leo Quan). The first Badass bridges were built from diecast zinc and were considered somewhat rough; later models were made from a high-density zinc alloy and more finely milled. Badass is currently owned and distributed by Allparts Music, a subsidiary of Morse Group. In late 2022 and early 2023 Allparts Music relaunched the entire Badass bridge line including the Badass II bass bridge, Badass III bass bridge, Badass V bass bridge, Badass Wraparound Guitar Bridge, and Badass Fine Tuner Guitar Tailpiece.

## Notable users and models

* Frank Bello (Anthrax) on his Fender signature bass.
* Mike Dirnt (Green Day), Badass II on a Fender Precision Bass made in the Fender Custom Shop, the source of the signature Mike Dirnt Precision Bass.
* Steve Harris (Iron Maiden), Badass II bridge on his Fender Precision Bass.
* Kirk Hammett (Metallica, formerly Exodus), on his 1974 Gibson Flying V.
* Geddy Lee (Rush); the 1998 "Geddy Lee Limited Edition" Fender Jazz Bass is equipped with a Badass II, also his Jetglo Rickenbacker 4001 with a Badass I.
* Marcus Miller, on a Fender Jazz Bass.
* Jimmy Page (Led Zeppelin), on his Danelectro.
* Malcolm Young (AC/DC); the Gretsch "Malcolm Young Series" was equipped with a Badass bridge, based on Young's customized early 1960s Gretsch Jet Firebird.
* Jerry Only (Misfits); on his "devastator" bass.
* Juan Alderete (The Mars Volta, Racer X), on his Fender Precision Bass.
* David Ellefson (Megadeth); David's Jackson signature bass model has a Badass II bridge.
* Sting (The Police) on his Spector NS-2 bass.
* Nate Mendel (Foo Fighters) uses a Badass II on his signature Fender Precision Bass model.
* Dan Andriano (Alkaline Trio, The Damned Things) uses Badass II bridges on many of his Fender Precision and Jazz Basses.
* Flea (Red Hot Chili Peppers) used a Badass II on his Modulus Basses.
* C.J. Ramone on his Fender Dee Dee Ramone Precision Basses.
* Les Claypool (Primus) on his Carl Thompson's Maple Piccolo Bass.
* Ben Shepherd (Soundgarden) on his primary Fender Precision and Jazz Basses.
# Giuseppe Telfener

Giuseppe Telfener or Joseph Telfener, created Count Telfener (Foggia, May 26, 1839 – Torre del Greco, January 1, 1898) was an Italian businessman and politician, now better known for being one of the richest Italian entrepreneurs, administrator of the assets of the House of Savoy and worldwide railway developer.
Born into a merchant family from Val Gardena who then moved to Foggia, he studied mathematics at the University of Naples and began working with some of the leading Italian railway engineers. He soon went to Argentina and here he distinguished himself for having snatched the contract for the construction of railways from the Anglo-American monopoly and for having built the longest railway line in Latin America of the time. Count Telfener was the president and one of the builders of the New York, Texas and Mexican Railway, now known as the Macaroni Line.