OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hering's law of equal innervation

Hering's law of equal innervation is used to explain the conjugacy of saccadic eye movement in stereoptic animals. The law proposes that conjugacy of saccades is due to innate connections in which the eye muscles responsible for each eye's movements are innervated equally. The law also states that apparent monocular eye movements are actually the summation of conjugate version and disjunctive (or vergence) eye movements. The law was put forward by Ewald Hering in the 19th century, though the underlying principles of the law date back considerably. Aristotle had commented upon this phenomenon and Ptolemy put forward a theory of why such a physiological law might be useful. The 11th century scholar Ibn al-Haytham stated that eyes move together and equally so that the visual axes converge on an object of interest in his Book of Optics.
Hering's law of equal innervation is best understood with Johannes Peter Müller's stimulus where an observer refoveates a point that moved in one eye only. The least-effort way to refoveate is to move the misaligned eye only. Instead Hering's law predicts that because both eyes must move by equal amounts, a combination of conjunctive and disjunctive eye movements is required to refoveate the target point. Yarbus showed experimentally that binocular eyes movements are indeed composed mostly of combinations of saccades and vergence. However, it is now known that clear deviations from Hering's law also occur.
This theory is in contrast to the theory proposed by Hermann von Helmholtz which states that conjugacy is a learned, coordinated response and that the movements of the eyes are individually controlled. Helmholtz's point of view is today often caricatured as a chameleon-like, independent, control of the eyes although Helmholtz never defended that theory. Their disagreement concerned the innate vs. learned aspect of binocularly coordinated eye movements. Helmholtz's arguments were mainly related to Listing's law and can be simplified as the fact that there exist positions of the eyes where muscles will have different effects on the two eyes. Thus Hering's law, in its original formulation, simply cannot be correct as it would lead to situations where the eyes would move by different amounts, something on which both agreed never happens. Hering subsequently modified his law to state that the eyes behave as if they received equal innervation.
The extent to which Hering's law is correct, or not, remains in debate today, as the exact physiological underpinnings of vergence eye movements remain to be found.
# Hachiyamachō

Hachiyamachō (鉢山町) is a district of Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan.
As of October 2020, the population of this district is 1,197. The postal code for Hachiyamachō is 150–0035.

## Geography

Hachiyamachō borders Nanpeidaichō in the north, Uguisudanichō to the east, Sarugakuchō to the south, and Aobadai to the west.

## Places of interest
### Embassies

* Embassy of Guinea (Hachiyamachō 12-9)
* Embassy of Uganda (Hachiyamachō 9-23)

### Schools

High schools from the Tokyo Metropolitan Board of Education:
* Tokyo Metropolitan First Commercial High School [ja] (東京都立第一商業高等学校) (Hachiyamachō 8-1)
Shibuya Board of Education [ja] operates public elementary and junior high schools.
All of Hachiyamachō is zoned to Sarugaku Elementary School (猿楽小学校), and Hachiyama Junior High School (鉢山中学校).
# Pam Rehm

Pam Rehm (born October 21, 1967 New Cumberland, Pennsylvania) is an American poet.

## Life

Her work has appeared in Talisman, The Transcendental Friend, and The Nation.

## Education

Graduated from Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania

## Awards

* 1994 National Poetry Series, for To Give It Up, selected by Barbara Guest

## Works

* "Indebted", Duration Press
* "Journey Home", Duration Press
* "An Empty Account", Duration Press
* "Acts of Love", Poetry Foundation
* "Acts of Vexation", Poetry Foundation
* Pollux (PDF). Leave Books. 1992. (chapbook)
* Piecework. Oblēk Editions. 1992. ISBN 978-1-879645-06-6.
* The Garment in Which No One Had Slept. Burning Deck. 1993. ISBN 978-0-930901-87-5.
* To Give It Up. Sun & Moon Press. 1995. ISBN 978-1-55713-212-3.
* Gone to Earth. Flood Editions. 2001. ISBN 978-0-9710059-1-4.
* Small works. Flood Editions. 2005. ISBN 978-0974690261.
* The Larger Nature. Flood Editions. 2011. ISBN 9780981952086.
* Time Will Show. Shearsman Books. 2018. ISBN 9781848615991.

### Anthologies

* American Poets in the 21st Century: The New Poetics. Talisman House Publishers. July 1998. ISBN 978-1-883689-62-9.
* Robert Creeley, ed. (2002). The Best American Poetry 2002. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-0386-9.

## Reviews

   Rehm is an iconoclast not because she is, at times, formally inventive but because she reaches for what can't be seen, that is, she strives for knowledge of "what it means to be in relation." Her insurgency should, at least partly, become ours. Rehm is not the only one who must "figure out what to believe and where to begin." To do this, must we open our cabinets and break open the black egg that may hide our conscious ear?
   The poems in Small Works are short pieces and sequences of short pieces—small works—but "small" describes not only their length but the pieces' style as well. The poems are spare.
   Judging from the beautifully wrought poetic accomplishments of Small Works, mothering and poetry for Pam Rehm have without doubt combined to create a productive paradox, an incisive kind of linguistic and philosophical stirring into or mulling over life-as-lived, through commonplace yet uniquely employed forms of rhetorical sharing in soulful, songful contradiction.
# Health in Suriname

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] The Human Rights Measurement Initiative finds that Suriname is fulfilling 78.4% of what it should be fulfilling for the right to health based on its level of income. When looking at the right to health with respect to children, Suriname achieves 94.0% of what is expected based on its current income. In regards to the right to health amongst the adult population, the country achieves only 83.2% of what is expected based on the nation's level of income. Suriname falls into the "very bad" category when evaluating the right to reproductive health because the nation is fulfilling only 57.9% of what the nation is expected to achieve based on the resources (income) it has available.
In 2018 life expectancy in Suriname was 68.7 for men and 75.1 for women ranking the country 107th in the world.
The fertility rate in Suriname was at 2.6 births per woman in 2009. Public expenditure was at 3.6% of the GDP in 2004, whereas private expenditure was at 4.2%. There were 45 physicians per 100,000 in the early 2000s. Infant mortality was at 30 per 1,000 live births. Male life expectancy at birth was at 66.4 years, whereas female life expectancy at birth was at 73 years.

## Healthcare

The National Basic Health Insurance Law, 2014, provides access to a basic package of primary, secondary, and tertiary care services for citizens.
The Regional Health Services operates 43 public primary health clinics in the coastal area where there are also about 150 private primary care clinics. Medische Zending runs 52 primary healthcare centres in the interior. There are 6 hospitals, two of which are regional.
Psychiatric care is provided by the Psychiatric Centre Suriname in Paramaribo.

## Infectious diseases

Malaria is present in the region near the border with French Guiana. About 80,000 people are at a risk as of 2016. The Ministry of Health has set up a malaria eradication program which has resulted in the eradication in the villages of the interior. Suriname is periodically suffering from a dengue fever outbreak. During the 1999-2000 outbreak, five people died.
# Panchayat (disambiguation)

The Panchayat is a political system, originating from the Indian subcontinent, found mainly in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal.
Panchayat may also refer to:
* Panchayat (Nepal), the political system of Nepal from 1960 to 1990
* Panchayati raj in India, official system of local self-government of villages in rural India, introduced by constitutional amendment in 1992
** Panchayat samiti, rural local governments (panchayats) at the intermediate level in panchayat raj institutions (PRI)
** Nyaya panchayat, a system of dispute resolution at village level in India
** Gram panchayat, the grassroots-level of panchayati raj formalised local self-governance system in India
* Panchayat (film), a 2017 Nepalese film
* Panchayat (TV series), an Indian web series
* Panchayat (1996 film), an Indian Punjabi film by Surinder Walia, starring Yograj Singh
# Out and About (Cherish the Ladies album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Out and About is an album by Cherish the Ladies that was released in 1993 on the Green Linnet label. It is the final album with Cathie Ryan as the band's singer.

## Track listing

* "The Old Favorite/The Flogging Reel/Leave My Way/The Kerryman" – 4:20
* "Spoon River" – 4:44
* "The Ladies of Carrick/The Kinnegad Slashers/Old Man Dillon" – 3:54
* "Declan's Waltz/Waltz Duhamel" – 4:28
* "The Cameronian Set: Tha M'Intinn Raoir/Duke of Gordon/The Cameronian/Lady of the House" – 5:25
* "Inisheer" – 3:00
* "O'Keefe's/The Shepherd's Lamb/Johnny O'Leary's" – 3:31
* "Roisin Dubh – The Small Black Rose" – 3:13
* "Le Voyage de Camouret/House of Hamill" – 4:37
* "The Cat Rambles to the Child's Saucepan/Maire O'Keefe/Harry Bradshaw's" – 3:18
* "The Missing Piece" – 4:14
* "The Out and About Set: The Wandering Minstrel/Fred Rice's Polka/The Cabin Hunter/Out and About" – 5:09
# Claw Boys Claw 3 in 1

Claw Boys Claw 3 in 1 (also known as Claw Boys Claw or as 3 in 1) is a compilation album by the Dutch rock and roll band Claw Boys Claw. The album, released on LP by Polydor, combined songs from the Indian Wallpaper 12-inch single (1985), the "So Mean" single (1985), and the 12-inch single Now! (1984).

## Track listing

* Tracks 1, 4, and 5 from Indian Wallpaper; tracks 2 and 3 from "So Mean"; tracks 6–11 recorded live in the Melkweg, Amsterdam, November 29, 1984.

## Personnel

* John Cameron - guitar
* Pete TeBos - vocals
* Bobbie Rossini - bass
* Marius Schrader - drums
# Stephen Cutts

Stephen Cutts (born 1964 in Bromley, England) has served in a number of leadership roles in Intergovernmental and not for profit organisations. He has a First Class Honours degree in American Studies and English Literature from the University of Keele, a PGCE from Lancaster University, an Executive MBA from INSEAD and an Honorary Doctorate from Keele University.

## Career

In 2008, Cutts joined the Commonwealth Secretariat in London. He served first as Director of Strategic Planning and Evaluation at the Commonwealth Secretariat, and then as Commonwealth Assistant Secretary-General for Corporate Affairs. In this position, he was in charge of the administration, finance, strategic planning and human resources matters.
In 2013, Cutts joined the United Nations as Assistant Secretary-General for the Office of Central Support Services in the Department of Management. He was appointed to this position by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on 3 April 2013.
# Henri Weil

Henri Weil (August 27, 1818 – November 5, 1909) was a French philologist.

## Biography

Born to a Jewish family in Frankfurt, he was educated at the universities of Bonn, Berlin, and Leipzig. He went to France, and continued his studies at Paris, graduating as Docteur ès lettres in 1845, and becoming "agrégé" in 1848. Appointed professor of ancient literature at the University of Besançon, he was in 1872 elected dean of the faculty. In 1876 he was called to Paris to fill a vacancy as instructor at the École Normale Supérieure and to assume charge of the École Pratique des Hautes Études, both of which positions he resigned in 1891. In 1866 he was elected corresponding member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, becoming full member in 1882 as the successor of Édouard Dulaurier. In 1887 he received the cross of the Legion of Honor.
He died in Paris.
Weil edited the poems of Aeschylus, eight tragedies of Euripides, and the orations of Demosthenes. Among his works may be mentioned: De l'Ordre des Mots dans les Langues Anciennes Comparées aux Langues Modernes (Paris, 1844; 3d ed. 1879); De Tragædiarum Græcarum cum Rebus Publicis Conjunctione (with L. Beuloew, Paris and Berlin, 1845); Théorie Générale de l'Accentuation Latine (ib. 1855); and Etudes sur le Drame Antique (ib. 1897).
# Marathon Oil Service Station

The Marathon Oil Service Station is a historic automotive service facility at the southeast corner of East 2nd and Spring Streets in downtown Fordyce, Arkansas. It is a single story building constructed out of red and buff brick, with an auto canopy covered in a tile roof. The main facade of the building has a parapet which conceals a barrel roof. The building is divided into two functional bays, an office to the left and a garage bay to the right. The canopy extends in front of the left bay, and is supported by a single brick column, in which there is an original Marathon Oil logo. The building is a well-preserved example of a 1920s service station.
The station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
# Bertrand de Crombrugghe de Picquendaele

Bertrand de Crombrugghe de Picquendaele is the former Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Kingdom of Belgium to the Russian Federation.
He is currently the Ambassador of the Kingdom of Belgium to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# Chicago Fire (Son Seals album)

Chicago Fire is a studio album by the blues musician Son Seals, released by Alligator Records in 1980.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| MusicHound Blues: The Essential Album Guide | |
| The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings | |
AllMusic wrote that Seals is "in an experimental mood, utilizing chord progressions that occasionally don't quite fit together seamlessly (but give him an A for trying to expand the idiom's boundaries)."

## Track listing

* "Buzzard Luck" – 5:08
* "I'm Not Tired" – 3:39
* "Leaving Home" – 6:42
* "Landlord At My Door" – 4:25
* "Gentleman From The Windy City" – 4:08
* "Goodbye Little Girl" – 3:53
* "Watching Every Move You Make" – 3:42
* "Crying Time Again" – 4:37
* "Nobody Wants A Loser" – 4:22
# ISE

ISE may refer to:

## Organizations

* International Society of Electrochemistry, a global scientific society founded in 1949
* Islamic Society of Engineers, principlist political organization of engineers in Iran

### Education

* Iceland School of Energy, a school jointly owned by Reykjavik Energy, Reykjavik University, and Iceland GeoSurvey
* Institute for Shipboard Education, administrator of the Semester at Sea study-abroad program
* Institute for Social Ecology, an educational institution in Plainfield, Vermont
* International School Eindhoven, an international school in the northern part of Eindhoven, Netherlands
* International Student Exchange, Ontario, a non-profit organization allowing students to participate in reciprocal student exchange programs

### Stock exchanges

* International Securities Exchange, a United States stock exchange
* Irish Stock Exchange, Ireland's main stock exchange
* Islamabad Stock Exchange, now Pakistan Stock Exchange
* Istanbul Stock Exchange, a former Turkish stock exchange that merged and became Borsa Istanbul

## Other

* Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (Fraunhofer ISE), an institute of the Fraunhofer Society
* Information Sharing Environment, a United States government program
* Initiative for Science in Europe, an independent platform of European learned societies and scientific organisations
* ISE Corporation, a company that developed hybrid electric drivetrains for heavy-duty transportation
* Ion selective electrode, a transducer that converts the activity of a specific ion dissolved in a solution into an electrical potential
* Xilinx ISE, software for synthesis and analysis of hardware description language designs
* Integrated Scripting Environment (Windows PowerShell)
# Hasanlar, Bartın

Hasanlar is a village in the Bartın District, Bartın Province, Turkey. Its population is 315 (2021).
# Pandulf II of Capua

Pandulf II (or III), called the Black (Niger) or the Young, was the son and successor of Landulf VII of Capua in 1007. He ruled jointly with his uncle, Pandulf II of Benevento, who was originally his regent, until the latter's death in 1014.
It is recorded that he ruled jointly with his father, but from what date is unknown. In February 1016, he associated his cousin Pandulf IV with him. Thereafter, he disappears from records.
# PRRT2

Proline-rich transmembrane protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRRT2 gene.

## Structure and tissue distribution

This gene encodes a transmembrane protein containing a proline-rich domain in its N-terminal half. Studies in mice suggest that it is predominantly expressed in brain and spinal cord in embryonic and postnatal stages.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene are associated with a number of movement disorders, most commonly paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia where approximately 1/3 of cases will harbor mutations in PRRT2. It has also been associated with episodic ataxias, and in particular in combination with various types of epilepsy. Mutations in PRRT2 lead also to hemiplegic migraine.
# Pertoltice

Pertoltice may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
* Pertoltice (Kutná Hora District), a municipality and village in the Central Bohemian Region
* Pertoltice (Liberec District), a municipality and village in the Liberec Region
* Pertoltice pod Ralskem, a municipality and village in the Liberec Region
# Henrik Karlsson (disambiguation)

Henrik Karlsson (born 1983) is a Swedish-Kazakhstani former ice hockey goaltender.
Henrik Karls(s)on, Carls(s)on or Carlsen may also refer to:
* Henrik Karlsson (musicologist) (born 1940), Swedish musicologist
* Henrik Carlsson, guitarist in Zonata
* Henrik Carlsen, musician
* Henrik Kurt Carlsen, Danish sea captain
# Boćwinka

Boćwinka refers to the following places in Poland:
* Boćwinka, Giżycko County
* Boćwinka, Gmina Gołdap
# Bethelridge, Kentucky

Bethelridge is an unincorporated community in southeastern Casey County, Kentucky, United States. Their post office was in operation from May 14, 1890, until it closed in November 2011.
# M. J. Sullivan

M. J. Sullivan (born March 1, 1960) is an American author and sports writer living in New York City.

## Biography

Sullivan graduated from St. John's University in 1983 and moved into sports journalism, hosting sports radio shows on WGBB on Long Island, NY, and WEVD 1050AM in New York City, as well as work with ESPN, Sporting News and Fox-owned Scout.com.
Sullivan has written a number of children sports books published by Enslow Publishers, including biographies on Shaquille O'Neal, Chris Mullin, Darryl Strawberry, Barry Bonds, and Mark Messier. He also published a book of trivia, So You Think You're A New Yorker.
In fall 2008, Sullivan's first novel, Necessary Heartbreak, from his When Time Forgets series, was published. Centered on a single dad in modern-day New York struggling to raise his feisty 13-year-old daughter, the story explores the concepts of faith and redemption. When the main characters discover a portal leading back in time to first-century Jerusalem during the tumultuous last week of Christ’s life, they must encounter their present fears, such as a menacing soldier determined to prey upon the teenage girl, as well as their complicated and broken pasts.

## Published works
### When Time Forgets Series

* Necessary Heartbreak (ISBN 978-0595506408)
* A Timely Death (September 2009)
* The Manger (October 2010)

### Trivia

* So You Think You're a New Yorker (ISBN 978-1557700513)

### Children's Sports Biographies

* The New York Rangers Hockey Team (Great Sports Teams) (ISBN 978-0766010239)
* Top 10 Baseball Pitchers (ISBN 0894905201)
* Sports Great Shaquille O'Neal (Sports Great Books) (ISBN 978-0766010031)
* Mark Messier: Star Center (Sports Reports) (ISBN 978-0894908019)
* Sports Great Barry Bonds (Sports Great Books) (ISBN 978-0894905957)
* Chris Mullin: Star Forward (Sport Reports) (ISBN 978-0894904868)
* Sports Great Darryl Strawberry (Sports Great Books) (ISBN 978-0894902918)

### Children's Action Series

* Ultimate Adventures New Digidestined, Vol. 2 (ISBN 978-0061072062)
# ISEC

ISEC may refer to:
* Institute for Social and Economic Change in India
* Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciências in Portugal
* Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Coimbra in Portugal
* International Society for Ecology and Culture, a.k.a. Local Futures
* International Space Elevator Consortium
* International Structural Engineering and Construction Society
* Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Complex, at Northeastern University
# He Who Laughs Last (film)

He Who Laughs Last is a 1925 American silent drama film directed by Jack Nelson and starring Kenneth MacDonald, David Torrence and Gino Corrado.

## Cast

* Kenneth MacDonald as Jimmy Taylor
* Margaret Cloud as Janice Marvin
* David Torrence as George K. Taylor
* Gino Corrado as Elwood Harkness
* Harry Northrup as James Marvin
# Pandulf III of Salerno

Pandulf III was briefly the Prince of Salerno from around 3 to 10 June 1052. He was the eldest of four brothers of Gemma, wife of Prince Guaimar IV. He seized the throne in a coup d'état, when he and his brother assassinated Guaimar. He reigned for only a week before he was forced to step down and was promptly murdered.
Pandulf was probably a member of the family of the counts of Teano in the Principality of Capua.
According to Amatus of Montecassino, who is the chief source for the coup of 1052, the first challenge to Guaimar's authority came from the Duchy of Amalfi, which was subject to Guaimar and owed him tribute. In April, Guaimar's representative, Duke Manso II, was forced to flee Amalfi, which began attacking Salernitan shipping. With the revenue from the tribute gone, some of Guaimar's leading men began to waiver in their loyalty. According to Amatus, the leader of the conspiracy to remove Guaimar was Pandulf, who offered to reward with benefices any who would help him become prince. Although Guaimar was apparently aware of the plot, he did not believe he was vulnerable. When the Amalfitans attacked Salerno from the sea, the Pandulf and his three brothers were ordered to defend the shore. They refused and, in the ensuing argument, stabbed Guaimar to death. They also killed his chamberlain and his brother, Duke Pandulf of Capaccio. They tried to kill his other brother, Duke Guy of Sorrento, but he escaped. Amatus gives the date of the assassinations as 3 June, while the Annales Beneventani give 2 June and Guaimar's death was commemorated in the Abbey of Montecassino on 4 June.
Following the assassinations, Pandulf was made prince and his three younger brothers swore fealty to him. His first act was to reverse several confiscations of land made by Guaimar. He succeeded in taking the citadel of Salerno because it was poorly stocked with food and could not hold out. Guaimar's sister and other relatives in the citadel were imprisoned. Guaimar's son and heir, Gisulf, also fell into Pandulf's hands.
The failure to kill Guy was the coup's undoing. Guy fled to Humphrey, the Norman count of Apulia and a faithful vassal of Guaimar. A Norman force arrived outside Salerno on 8 June. Two days later the gates were opened. Guy apparently negotiated the surrender of the citadel, promising to spare the lives of Pandulf and his co-conspirators in exchange for his nephew, Gisulf. The Normans did not feel bound by this agreement, and hunted down and killed Pandulf and thiry-five others to avenge the thirty-six wounds found on Guaimar's body. In Amatus' evaluation, Pandulf "was ill-advised to attempt to become prince with his three brothers".
Among those conspirators who were captured and imprisoned were the brothers of the future archbishop of Salerno, Alfanus I.