OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hendrick Aupaumut

Hendrick Aupaumut (1757-1830) was a Mohican historian and diplomat, born among the Stockbridge Indians in Massachusetts, United States, who were originally from the Hudson River Valley. He was educated by Moravians and converted to Protestantism. Aupaumut was a soldier at the time of the American Revolutionary War, in which he served on the American side as a captain of Mohican warriors.

## Revolutionary War

At the outbreak of hostilities, Aupaumut advocated for native tribes to declare for the American side. Traveling through the Ohio Country, he asked Stockbridge, Delaware, and Shawnee peoples to “to rise up against the Red Coats that they may not do as they please with this Big Island … let us humble them." He joined the Stockbridge Militia and served at the Battle of Orsikany and the Saratoga Campaign, rising to the rank of captain.

## Later life

According to some sources, Aupaumut also fought against Tecumseh's War during the War of 1812. Concerned about cultural changes and the future of indigenous communities in the new United States, he strove to find common ground and adopt European practices to help his people integrate. He wrote a history of the Mohican people and defended them to President Thomas Jefferson in a letter. He worked with the United States in its exchanges with tribes further west, hoping to negotiate peace, but was, ultimately, unsuccessful, because of powerful settler interests. With the other Stockbridge Indians, he moved westward to avoid increasing settler violence, until they relocated to their present reservation of Stockbridge-Munsee Community in Wisconsin. His notable works include a narrative of his diplomatic attempts in his embassy to the Western Indians.
# Paseo Bulnes

Paseo Bulnes is a pedestrian street in downtown Santiago. It runs from Alameda Avenue in the north to the Almagro Park in the south. The street is lined by buildings of uniform height and similar facades, which were built under an urban plan approved in 1937 and whose main purpose was the development of a government district around the La Moneda Palace. In 1939, the first zoning regulation plan for Santiago proposed the southward extension of the then Avenida Central (now known as Paseo Bulnes) with a large plaza south of La Moneda, known as Plaza Bulnes. The various buildings were built in an intensive campaign between 1940 and 1950.
The 1937 plan, which was strongly influenced by the ideas of Karl Brunner, also proposed the creation of a terminating vista at the south end of this street, which never was materialized.
# Sturgeon Bay (disambiguation)

Sturgeon Bay is a city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin.
Sturgeon Bay may also refer to the following:

## Communities

in the United States:
* Sturgeon Bay, Michigan, a community in Bliss Township
* Sturgeon Bay (town), Wisconsin, a town in Door County
in Canada:
* Sturgeon Bay, Ontario, a village in Tay

## Bodies of water

* Sturgeon Bay, a bay in Door County, Wisconsin
* Sturgeon Bay (Michigan), a bay in Emmet County, Michigan

## Transportation

* Sturgeon Bay Road, section of Wisconsin Highway 57 from Green Bay to Dyckesville, Wisconsin
# Stokeclimsland (electoral division)

Stokeclimsland (Cornish: Tredirklym) was an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom which returned one member to sit on Cornwall Council between 2009 and 2021. It was abolished at the 2021 local elections, being succeeded by Altarnun and Stoke Climsland.

## Councillors

| Election | Member | Member | Party |
| 2009 | | Neil Burden | Independent |
| 2013 | | Neil Burden | Independent |
| 2017 | | Neil Burden | Independent |
| 2021 | Seat abolished | Seat abolished | Seat abolished |

## Extent

Stokeclimsland represented the very west of the town of Launceston, the villages of South Petherwin, Lawhitton, Treburley, and Stoke Climsland, and the hamlets of Trewen, Piper's Pool, Trenault, Daw's House, Little Comfort, Larrick, Trebullett, Trekenner, Rezare, Woodabridge, Venterdon, Pempwell, Tutwell, Luckett, and Old Mill. The village of Tregadillett was shared with Launceston North and North Petherwin division, and the village of Bray Shop was shared with Lynher division. The division was nominally abolished during boundary changes at the 2013 election, but this had little effect on the ward. From 2009 to 2013, the division covered 9,355 hectares in total; after the boundary changes in 2013, it covered 8874 hectares.

## Election results
### 2017 election

2017 election: Stokeclimsland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Neil Burden | 1,015 | 74.4 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Paul Mannix | 219 | 16.0 |
| | Labour | Carl Bradley-Hughes | 112 | 8.2 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 796 | 58.3 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 19 | 1.4 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1365 | 44.3 |
| | Independent hold | Independent hold | Swing | |

### 2013 election

2013 election: Stokeclimsland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Neil Burden | 810 | 61.7 |
| | UKIP | Antonia Willis | 272 | 20.7 |
| | Conservative | John Phillips | 124 | 9.4 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Wayne Gostling | 100 | 7.6 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 538 | 41.0 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 7 | 0.5 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1313 | 42.8 |
| | Independent hold | Independent hold | Swing | |

### 2009 election

2009 election: Stokeclimsland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Independent | Neil Burden | 906 | 56.2 | |
| | Liberal Democrats | Phil Hutty | 360 | 22.3 | |
| | Conservative | Vivian Hall | 341 | 21.2 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 546 | 33.9 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 4 | 0.2 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1611 | 54.7 | |
| | Independent win (new seat) | Independent win (new seat) | Independent win (new seat) | Independent win (new seat) | Independent win (new seat) |
# 1978 Rwandan constitutional referendum

A constitutional referendum was held in Rwanda on 17 December 1978. It followed the 1973 coup d'état by Juvénal Habyarimana and the dissolution of the former sole legal party, MDR-Parmehutu. The new constitution created a presidential republic with no term limits for the President, and made the National Revolutionary Movement for Development the sole legal party. The new constitution replaced the National Assembly, which had been disbanded in 1973, with a new legislative body, the National Development Council.
The constitution was approved by 89% of voters.

## Results

| Choice | Choice | Votes | % |
| For | For | 1,830,678 | 89.09 |
| Against | Against | 224,135 | 10.91 |
| Total | Total | 2,054,813 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 2,091,688 | – |
| Source: African Elections Database ||||
# Hingoni

Hingoni is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Berasia tehsil.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Hingoni has 144 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 65.67%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 653 | 332 | 321 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 149 | 78 | 71 |
| Scheduled caste | 392 | 203 | 189 |
| Scheduled tribe | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Literates | 331 | 195 | 136 |
| Workers (all) | 162 | 146 | 16 |
| Main workers (total) | 148 | 141 | 7 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 76 | 75 | 1 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 49 | 45 | 4 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Other | 23 | 21 | 2 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 14 | 5 | 9 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 13 | 4 | 9 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Non-workers | 491 | 186 | 305 |
# Hermann Felsner

Hermann Felsner (1 April 1889 – 6 February 1977) also known as Ermanno Fellsner, was an Austrian football player and manager.

## Playing career

Born in Vienna, Felsner competed with the Wiener Sportclub, before moving to Italy to play for and manage many clubs.

## Managerial career

Although he managed several clubs, Hermann is most remembered for his time at Bologna where he spent over a decade and led the club to four Italian League titles. In the club's entire history they have won seven scudetti, making Felsner their most successful manager.
He also won the Coppa Italia once, with Genoa in 1937.

## Honours
### Managerial

* Italian Football Championship: 1925, 1929
* Serie A: 1939, 1941
* Coppa Italia: 1937
# Mafiosa (song)

"Mafiosa" is a song by Lartiste featuring vocals from Brazilian singer Caroliina. The song peaked at number two in France and was Lartiste's highest-charting song.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Mafiosa" :
| Chart | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | Tip |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 6 |
| France (SNEP) | 2 |
| Portugal (AFP) | 1 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 38 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| France (SNEP) | Diamond | 333,333$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# 152 H 88

152 H 88 is the name of a series of modernized 152 mm towed heavy howitzers with 32 caliber barrels. The guns of the series share the same barrel as well as other similar qualities, but differ slightly in appearance, since they consist of three different, older (modernized) versions. The modernization was carried out by Vammas Oy from 1988 to mid-1990s. The modernization project consisted of numerous modifications to the guns, some of which had already undergone earlier smaller modifications. The most important change was the replacement of the original barrels by a Finnish-made 152 mm barrel. Also the gun carriages were subjected to various modifications. After the modernization, increased towing speeds were made possible. The breech mechanism is manually operated in all the guns. All the 152 H 88 series artillery pieces are being withdrawn from service and scrapped (as of 2007).

## Versions

There are three different main versions of the gun:

### 152 H 88-31

    A modernized Soviet 122mm A-19 gun converted to a howitzer by fitting a new 152 mm L/32 barrel. Finnish Army designation for the original A-19 version was 122 K 31. 21 units converted.

### 152 H 88-37

    A modernized Soviet 152 mm ML-20 howitzer fitted with a new barrel. Original Finnish designation 152 H 37. 64 units modernized.

### 152 H 88-40

    A modernized German 15 cm sFH 18 howitzer fitted with a new 152 mm barrel. Original Finnish designation 150 H 40. 42 units modernized.
The two Soviet models were either taken as war booty during the Continuation War or bought from the Germans. The German 15 cm sFH 18 guns were bought during the Interim Peace and saw service during the Continuation War.

## Ammunition

The howitzers use a cased variable charge separate-loading propellant system. The Soviet type ammunition is usually transported as complete in a wooden box. The weight of the projectile is 43 kg (with a 6 kg explosive charge), and the weight of the largest propellant charge is 8 kg. The guns can fire high-explosive fragmentation shells, which have a muzzle velocity of about 650 m/s and an effective radius of 50–150 meters.
The Soviet-made 152 mm D-20 howitzer (152 H 55) uses the same ammunition as the 152 H 88 series guns.
# Paralepetopsis sasakii

Paralepetopsis sasakii is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Neolepetopsidae, one of the families of true limpets.
The specific name sasakii is in honor of Takenori Sasaki, the malacologist from the University Museum, the University of Tokyo.

## Distribution

This small impet occurs at methane seeps in deep water off the Congo River.
# Bemarivo (disambiguation)

Bemarivo is the name of several municipalities and rivers in Madagascar:
* Bemarivo, a rural municipality in Melaky.
* Bemarivo Reserve - a protected area in Melaky.
* Bemarivo (Sofia), a river in the Sofia Region.
* Bemarivo River, a river in the Sava Region.

## Similar spelling

* Bemaharivo, a rural municipality in Boeny.
* Bemarivo Ankirondro, a rural municipality in Menabe.
# Paso Aguerre

Paso Aguerre is a village and municipality in Neuquén Province in southwestern Argentina.
# Stoked

Stoked may refer to:
* Stoked (video game), an Xbox 360 game
* Stoked (TV series), a Canadian comedy cartoon
* Stoked: The Rise and Fall of Gator, a documentary
* Stoked (instrumental), on The Beach Boys album Surfin' U.S.A.
* Stoked (Website), an extreme sports social networking website
# Margaret Wetherby Williams

Doris Margaret Wetherby Williams (2 May 1901 – 9 July 1984), who wrote under the pseudonym Margaret Erskine, was a British writer of mysteries. Her more than 20 novels featured the same leading character, Inspector Septimus Finch. Williams was a member of PEN International and the Crime Writers' Association.

## Personal life

Born in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, Williams grew up in Devon, England. Her parents were Thomas and Elizabeth (Erskine) Williams. She was privately educated. She died in 1984.

## Critical reception

Mary Helen Becker, writing in Twentieth Century Crime and Mystery Writers, says that the Septimus Finch novels often feature large eccentric families, old houses, secret rooms, psychic phenomena, and "familiar puzzles". She rates the novels as "not really in the first rank" but "nevertheless better than many... Horrible things happen, but they are packaged for polite society."
# 155–171 Oakhill Road

155–171 Oakhill Road is a Grade II listed private block of flats and rear building in an Arts and Crafts style in Putney, in the London Borough of Wandsworth.

## Location

The site is on the north side of Oakhill road, opposite St Joseph's Catholic Primary School, and close to the junction with Putney Bridge Road and Wandsworth Park.

## History

The buildings were designed by architect William Hunt (1854 - 1943), together with his son and partner Edward Hunt (1877 - 1963).
Built in 1906, there is a row of four Arts and Crafts terraced cottages in red brick with two storeys plus attic, each cottage had a two-bedroom flat on the ground floor, and a three-bedroom flat above.
The carriage arch between numbers 163/165 and 169/171 leads through to the two storey laundry building at the back.

## Current condition

Interiors have original features such as green tiled fireplaces and built in cupboards. The laundry building has been used as a commercial office, but as of August 2023 has planning permission for conversion to a four bedroom house.
# Ben Bowen (disambiguation)

Ben Bowen (2002–2005) was a US child whose family raised funds for cancer research after his death from cancer.
Ben Bowen or Benjamin Bowen may also refer to:
* Ben Bowen (musician) (born 1976), Canadian children's musician
* Sir Ben Bowen Thomas (1899–1977), civil servant and Welsh university President
* Benjamin John Bowen or Jackie Bowen (1915–2009), Welsh rugby player
# Paso (float)

A paso (Spanish for 'Episode of the Passion of Christ') is an elaborate float made for religious processions. They are carried by porters on staves, like a litter or sedan chair, and are usually followed or escorted by a band. Some have long skirts that cover the bearers entirely, giving the impression that the statue is floating on its own power.
The porters are called costaleros, cargadores or portadores and their leader is called a capataz ('Foreman' or 'Head Man'). The capataz sets the chicotá, the period of time between a paso being lifted and set down again; the costaleros cannot pick up or set down the paso except by his leave. This is signalled by the llamador ('crier'), a knocker on the front of the float. During Semana Santa ('Holy Week', the week preceding Easter) the custom is to make pasos adorned with large wooden statues of Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, saints and biblical personalities from the Passion.
In Italy smaller carried floats are known as macchine a spalla. In the Philippines, the term for shoulder-borne floats and palanquins is andas. Carriages for larger, life-sized icons have wheels and are instead called carrozas. Both types may carry small icons and are borne or pulled by at least two people; they may have lighting fixtures for nighttime or dawn processions, with some having canopies above the image or scene.
# Clavatula coronata

Clavatula coronata is a species of sea snails, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Clavatulidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Benin and Togo.
# 1981 in philosophy

1981 in philosophy

## Events

* Gadamer–Derrida debate

## Publications

* Peter Singer, The Expanding Circle (1981)
* Alasdair MacIntyre, After Virtue (1981)
* Robert Nozick, Philosophical Explanations (1981)
* Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action (1981)
* Jean Baudrillard, Simulacra and Simulation (1981)

## Deaths

* January 5
** Lanza del Vasto, Italian-born philosopher, poet and activist (b. 1901)
** Frederick Osborn (born 1889)
* February 1 - Morris Weitz (born 1916)
* February 20 - Ioannis Theodorakopoulos (born 1900)
* February 26 - Wilmon Henry Sheldon (born 1875)
* March 8 - Joseph Henry Woodger (born 1894)
* March 28 - Tadeusz Czeżowski (born 1889)
* June 16 - Julius Ebbinghaus (born 1885)
* July 27 - Paul Brunton (born 1898)
* August 5 - Jerzy Neyman (born 1894)
* September 2 - Knud Ejler Løgstrup (born 1905)
* September 8 - Nisargadatta Maharaj (born 1897)
* September 9 - Jacques Lacan (born 1901)
* September 23 - Notonagoro (born 1905)
* September 24 - Brahmarishi Hussain Sha (born 1905)
* September 29 - Ksenija Atanasijević
* October 3 - Tadeusz Kotarbiński (born 1886)
* October 7 - Huberto Rohden (born 1893)
* November 7 - Will Durant (born 1885)
* November 15 - Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei (born 1903)
* December 2 - Alexis Kagame (born 1912)
* December 12 - J. L. Mackie (born 1917)
* Acharya Rameshwar Jha
# Black surgeonfish

Black surgeonfish is a common name for several fishes and may refer to:
* Acanthurus gahhm
* Ctenochaetus hawaiiensis
# Heteropalpia acrosticta

Heteropalpia acrosticta is a species of moth in the family Erebidae first described by Rudolf Püngeler in 1904. The species is found from the western parts of the Sahara to Israel, Jordan, Egypt and most of the Arabian Peninsula.
Adult males have a wingspan of 31 mm. The female is a little larger.
There are multiple generations per year. Adults are on wing year round.
The larvae feed on Acacia species, including A. geraldi, A. raddiana and A. gummifera.
# Christian Louis I

Christian Louis I (1 December 1623 in Schwerin – 21 June 1692 in The Hague) was a reigning duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

## Life

Christian Louis I was born as Christian I, the son of the Duke Adolf Frederick I and his wife, Anna Maria (1601–1634), the daughter of Count Enno III of East Frisia.
On 26 August 1625, when he was only one year old, his father proposed that he be the next administrator of the Bishopric of Schwerin. However, he was never appointed, because when Administrator Ulrik III died on 12 August 1633, the Bishopric fell to Wallenstein as a completed fief. He inherited Mecklenburg-Schwerin when his father died on 27 February 1658. In 1660, he built a Lustschloss near the Ratzeburg Minster. He travelled to Paris in 1662, to the court of Louis XIV. On 29 September 1663, he converted to the Catholic faith. The next day, his godfather Louis XIV gave him the second name Louis. Later, however, he often signed only with Christian.
He died on 21 June [O.S. 11 June] 1692 in The Hague. His body was transported by ship to Dömitz. It was then transported to Schwerin and finally arrived on 24 August 1692 in Doberan, where he was buried in the Doberan Minster.

## Marriages

He married twice. His first wife was Christine Margarethe of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (31 March 1615 – 16 August 1666), the second daughter of Duke John Albert II. She was the widow of Duke Francis Albert of Saxe-Lauenburg, whom she had married on 21 February [O.S. 11 February] 1640. Francis Albert had died on 10 June 1642 from wounds he had received in the battle of Świdnica. She married Christian on 6 July 1650 in Hamburg. However, on 16 October 1660, a divorce was pronounced by an ecclesiastical court composed specifically for this case by Christian. She never recognized the divorce. It was, however, declared valid by a committee of ten professors of canon law of the University of Paris the Sorbonne. The divorce was confirmed by the Pope on 3 October 1663.
His second wife was Elisabeth Angelique de Montmorency, Duchess of Châtillon and Coligny, (b. 1626). She was the widow Gaspard IV de Coligny, the son of Gaspard III de Coligny. Her first husband had died at Charenton-le-Pont on 9 February 1649 during the Fronde. The exact date of Elisabeth Angelique's wedding to Christian Louis is not known with certainty, but it was probably on 3 March 1664. She died on 23 or 24 January [O.S. 13 or 14 January] 1695 in Paris.
Both marriages were childless. When Christian Louis I died, he was succeeded by his nephew Frederick William, the eldest son of Duke Frederick of Mecklenburg-Grabow.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Christian Louis I :
# 100 Leadenhall

100 Leadenhall, nicknamed The Diamond, is a mixed-use development approved for the City of London. Designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, the tower will be the financial district's third-tallest building upon completion. The wedge-shaped building will have a facade of elongated diamond shapes.
A spokesperson from St Paul's Cathedral said that the tower would have a "harmful impact" on the protected views of the cathedral, and a statement from the Tower of London expressed concern at the skyscraper's diminution of the "visual dominance" of the historic site. The City of London's planning and transportation committee voted 22–2 in favour of the 100 Leadenhall build in July 2018.
The development will include a free public viewing gallery, a restaurant, a bar and shops.