OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Janice Marriott

Janice Marriott is a writer, editor, audio producer, screenwriter, creative writing tutor and mentor, manuscript assessor, poet and gardener. Several of her books have been shortlisted for or won awards and she has also been the recipient of a number of writing residencies, as well as the prestigious Margaret Mahy Medal in 2018. She lives in Auckland, New Zealand.

## Biography

Janice Marriott was born on 3 October 1946 in England. She lists some of her favourite childhood books as The Wind in the Willows, The Jungle Book, Black Beauty, Lassie, and Enid Blyton's Secret Seven and Famous Five series.
She attended school in Napier and Gisborne, studied at Victoria University of Wellington and took a course in rare books librarianship in San Francisco. She worked in radio and television in California and Vancouver. Later she graduated from the Wellington College of Education. In 1983, she left teaching and began work producing audio books for Learning Media.
Since the publication of her first children's book in 1989, she has written fiction and non-fiction for children and young adults, radio plays, documentaries and scripts for episodes of the TV series The WotWots. Her work includes many educational texts for various publishers as well as stories and articles in magazines and anthologies.
More recently, she shifted from Wellington to Auckland to be closer to her family and to spend more time with her grandson.
She is a tutor for the New Zealand Institute of Business Studies (NZIBS) in the Writing Stories for Children and Poetry courses and a member of the New Zealand Association of Manuscript Assessors(NZAMA). She tutors beginning writers through her online courses Go Write Now and writes poetry on her poetry blog.

## Awards and prizes

In 1994, Janice was the inaugural writer-in-residence at the Auckland College of Education. She was University of Otago College of Education Writer in Residence 1997 and was awarded the Foxton Fellowship in 2001. Janice was the 2018 recipient of the Margaret Mahy Medal, giving her lecture in Auckland on 8 April 2018.
She won the 1996 Aim Supreme Award and Senior Fiction Award and the Esther Glen award with Crossroads. In 2007 her book Thor’s tale won the Junior Fiction Category of the New Zealand Post Children's Book Awards. She was also a finalist in the Non-Fiction section with Soldier in the Yellow Socks.
Several of her books have been named as Storylines Notable Books. Janice is also a keen gardener and was shortlisted for Columnist of the Year 2011 for her gardening column in House and Garden magazine.
# Cophenetic correlation

In statistics, and especially in biostatistics, cophenetic correlation (more precisely, the cophenetic correlation coefficient) is a measure of how faithfully a dendrogram preserves the pairwise distances between the original unmodeled data points. Although it has been most widely applied in the field of biostatistics (typically to assess cluster-based models of DNA sequences, or other taxonomic models), it can also be used in other fields of inquiry where raw data tend to occur in clumps, or clusters. This coefficient has also been proposed for use as a test for nested clusters.

## Calculating the cophenetic correlation coefficient

Suppose that the original data {X$_i$} have been modeled using a cluster method to produce a dendrogram {T$_i$}; that is, a simplified model in which data that are "close" have been grouped into a hierarchical tree. Define the following distance measures.
* $x(i,j)=|X_{i}-X_{j}|$, the Euclidean distance between the ith and jth observations.
* $t(i,j)$, the dendrogrammatic distance between the model points $T_{i}$ and $T_{j}$. This distance is the height of the node at which these two points are first joined together.
Then, letting ${\bar {x}}$ be the average of the x(i, j), and letting ${\bar {t}}$ be the average of the t(i, j), the cophenetic correlation coefficient c is given by
    $c={\frac {\sum _{i<j}[x(i,j)-{\bar {x}}][t(i,j)-{\bar {t}}]}{\sqrt {\sum _{i<j}[x(i,j)-{\bar {x}}]^{2}\sum _{i<j}[t(i,j)-{\bar {t}}]^{2}}}}.$

## Software implementation

It is possible to calculate the cophenetic correlation in R using the dendextend R package.
In Python, the SciPy package also has an implementation.
In MATLAB, the Statistic and Machine Learning toolbox contains an implementation.
# Hugo Paul Friedrich Schulz

Hugo Paul Friedrich Schulz (August 6, 1853 – July 13, 1932) was a German pharmacologist from Wesel, Rhenish Prussia.
He studied medicine in the universities of Heidelberg and Bonn, where he did scientific work in the physiological institute of Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm Pflüger (1829-1910). In 1877 he earned his doctorate, and afterwards worked in the pharmacological institute of Karl Binz (1832-1913) at Bonn. In 1883 he was appointed professor of pharmacology at the University of Greifswald.
Schulz is known for his research of a phenomenon known as hormesis, showing that the effect of toxins in small doses can be the opposite of their effect in large doses. He demonstrated this in experiments using chemical compounds on yeast cells. From his research came the "Arndt-Schulz rule", a law concerning dosages in toxicology, named along with Dr. Rudolf Arndt (1835-1900).
Schulz published a number of works in the field of pharmacology, including the well-regarded Pharmakotherapie (1898), a treatise that was included in Albert Eulenburg's Handbuch der allgemeinen Therapie und der therapeutischen Methodik.

## Works

* Die officinellen Pflanzen und Pflanzenpräparate : zum Gebrauch für Studirende und Ärzte übersichtlich zusammengestellt . Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1885 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
# Pa Faek, Bueng Kan

Pa Faek is a sub-district (tambon) in Phon Charoen District, in Bueng Kan Province, northeastern Thailand. As of 2010, it had a population of 5,519 people, with jurisdiction over seven villages.
# Botsina

Botsina (also, buzina, botzina, and botsitsa) means lantern, lamp, torch, or spark in Aramaic. Many times the reference, in Jewish sources, is to that which enlightens spiritually.

## Mystical interpretations in Judaism

It was described in early Lurianic texts as an "explosion within thought".
Pinchas Giller, in Reading the Zohar: the sacred text of the Kabbalah (Oxford University Press, 2001), devotes a section to the phrase, calling it "the boldest image of the Hormanuta literature". John Tindall Harris and William Robert Brown wrote in The writings of the Apostle John: with notes, critical and expository (1889) that "our lord used words that could not fail to be understood by the people, for among the Jews any one distinguished for light and erudition was termed in Aramaic ... bostina, a lamp or torch (Ber. Rab. 95.4). Chrystosom observes, He called John a torch or lamp, signifying that he had not light of himself but by the grace of the Spirit." Yehuda Liebes, in Studies in Jewish myth and Jewish messianism (SUNY Press, 1993), wrote that "ambiguities of meaning are typical in the Zohar, and the word bostina (spark) illustrates this well".

## As a descriptive term for Torah sages

Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai, the author of the Zohar (the prime of Jewish esoteric works), is referred to as Botsina Kadisha ("[The] Holy Lantern"). The Arizal, Rabbi Itzhak Luria, was also referred to as Botsina Kadisha in the books of his disciple Rabbi Chaim Vital. He lived about 500 years ago in Tzfat, Israel. The alter Rebbe of the Chabad movement is referred to as Botsina Kadisha in the opening of his book Likutei Torah. He lived a few hundred years ago and he is the author of the Chabad book called The Tanya or Sefer Beinonim.
# Panjiva

Panjiva Inc. is a global trade data company based in New York City. It is a subscription-based website with import and export details on commercial shipments worldwide. Panjiva was founded in 2006 by Josh Green and James Psota and acquired by S&P Global in 2018.

## Business

Panjiva organizes and indexes data provided by a number of different third-party sources, primarily Customs agencies, but also commercial information resources like Dun & Bradstreet, ZoomInfo, and Kompass. The Panjiva platform aggregates these different data sources to supply information on companies and other agents engaged in international trade.
At the time of its founding, Panjiva was the first online resource of its kind, designed to provide transparency to international trade. Leveraging its trade data, Panjiva is able to produce details of trends within sectors, and has tools on its website to facilitate the analysis and visualization of global trade flows. Information published by Panjiva has been used by news websites such as FT.com and CNNMoney.com.
Panjiva's customers use the data in a variety of different ways: to search for suppliers or manufacturers overseas, to find new customers for their products or services (such as logistic services), to track competitors' trade activity, and to gain insight into high-level global trade trends.
Jeff Silberman, Chair of the Department of Textile Development and Marketing at New York's Fashion Institute of Technology, has praised Panjiva as "not just innovative, but revolutionary."
Panjiva was acquired in February 2018 by S and P Global.

## Data

Panjiva obtains data from several Customs agencies and data partners worldwide, with company-level shipment details for: The United States, China, Mexico, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
Data for the United States is obtained through the Freedom of Information Act. Data for all sources is obtained legally.

## Founding

Panjiva was founded by Josh Green (CEO) and Jim Psota (CTO) in 2006. The idea for the company was born when Green was asked by his work to find a reliable international supplier of a tablet display. After doing some research, he was shocked at how fragmented data about international trade was, and how difficult it was to obtain reliable information on manufacturers or buyers. From there, Green and Psota - friends from graduate school - decided to launch a website that would make it easier to connect international buyers and suppliers.
Since its founding, Panjiva's objective has expanded from being a resource for buyers and suppliers to providing information to all parties engaged or interested in global trade flows.

## Growth

Panjiva has grown quickly in the short time since its inception. In 2013, it was named one of America's fastest-growing private companies by Inc. Magazine. As of August 2015, Panjiva has customers in 89 countries and has offices in three cities worldwide.
Panjiva is headquartered in New York, with an engineering office in Boston and an East Asia sales and support office in Shanghai.
# Bostanpınar, Sur

Bostanpınar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Sur, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 716 (2022).
# Matt Dowling

Matt Dowling may refer to:
* Matt Dowling (chef) (born 1945), Irish head chef
* Matt Dowling (politician) (born 1984), American politician
* Matthew Dowling (born 1974), Australian rugby union player
# Michael Williamson

Michael Williamson may refer to:
* Mike Williamson (broadcaster) (1928-2019), Australian rules football commentator and broadcaster
* Mike Williamson (footballer) (born 1983), English footballer
* Michael Williamson (Australian unionist) (born 1953), Australian unionist and convicted fraudster
* Michael Williamson (photographer) (born 1957), American photographer
* Michael Z. Williamson (born 1967), American science fiction and military-fiction author
* Michael Williamson (swimmer) (born 1981), Irish swimmer
# Hugo Siegmüller

Hugo Siegmüller (30 October 1889 – 24 June 1958) was a Sudeten German painter. His work, representing Czechoslovakia, was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics and the art competition of the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Pakistan Nursing Council

The Pakistan Nursing Council (PNC) (پاکستان نرسنگ کونسل) is a regulatory body established in 1948 by the Pakistan Nursing Council Act (1952, 1973). PNC is empowered to license nurses, midwives, lady health visitors (LHVs) and nursing auxiliaries to practice nursing throughout the country.
# Manley, Cheshire

Manley is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester (formerly Vale Royal) and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, in the north west of England.
Manley had a quarry which claimed to produce white building stone of the same quality as that used to build Eaton Hall and Chester Castle. When the railway came through the quarry was connected to it via a rail siding close to Manley Station - which was one of the shortest lived passenger stations, opening on 22 June 1870 and closing for passengers on 1 May 1875, though it remained open for goods traffic. The quarry sidings closed around 1910, though the track remained in use for freight traffic until 1991.
The population at the 2011 census was 614.
The television writer and novelist Cyril Abraham, who created the popular BBC drama The Onedin Line, lived in Manley until his death.
# Iraq at the 2000 Summer Olympics

Iraq competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia for its tenth appearance, with four athletes representing Iraq in two sports.

## Athletics
### Key

* Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Quarterfinal | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Shihab Houna Murad | 5000 m | 14:49.40 | 35 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Quarterfinal | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Maysa Hussein Matrood | 5000 m | 17:17.58 | 47 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

## Swimming
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Muhammad Ahmad | 50 m freestyle | 25.84 | 64 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Noor Haki | 50 m freestyle | 35.51 | 71 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# Caret (disambiguation)

Caret may refer to:
* A caret is a free-standing ^ character used in computing.
* Caret (proofreading), the proofreader's insertion symbols ‸ ⁁ ⎀
* Circumflex, the diacritic ˆ in â, ê, î, ô, û.

## Other

* CARET Brain Mapping Software
* Caret (surname), people with the surname Caret
* Caret or insertion point, a blinking vertical bar indicating where typed text will be inserted when using a cursor (user interface)
* Caret navigation (or caret browsing), a blinking vertical bar in a text field
* CARET, the beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial
# Matt Aragon

Matt Aragon is the sixth full-length album from San Diegan punk band Dogwood. The album's title is in honor of the band's long-time friend Matt Aragon, who had continued to support and encourage the band as a whole and the members as individuals during a stressful period around the album's production. The album was recorded in January 2001 at Motor Studios in San Francisco, and produced by Ryan Greene, most notable at the time for working with artists on the prominent punk record label Fat Wreck Chords such as NOFX, No Use for a Name, and Lagwagon. Guitarist Sean O'Donnell departed the band after the album's release. The album went on to win a 2002 San Diego Music Award for Best Punk album.

## Track listing

* "1983"
* "Nothing is Everything"
* "Matt Aragon"
* "Lonely Road"
* "Juice"
* "Do or Die"
* "Point Counterpoint"
* "Singular"
* "Challenger"
* "Reasoner"
* "A Hope Unseen"
* "For What Its Worth"
* This 2000s Christian rock album-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a punk rock album from the 2000s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Osmoy, Yvelines

Osmoy is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
# Paciocinebrina foveolata

Paciocinebrina foveolata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
# Manoj Chandila

Manoj Chandila is an Indian actor and model. He is known for the role of Dr. Manoj Paul on Star Plus TV show Ye Hai Mohabbatein.

## Career

He has done many roles in various Hindi television shows like Kis Desh Mein Hai Meraa Dil, Matti Ki Banno, Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein and Aahat (season 6). In 2022, he appeared in MX Player's web series Roohaniyat.

## Television

| Year | Serial | Role |
| 2009–2010 | Kis Desh Mein Hai Meraa Dil | Harman Juneja |
| 2014 | Saath Nibhaana Saathiya | Anurag "Masterji" Joshi |
| 2015 | Dil Dostii Dance | Dr. Raj Malhotra |
| 2015 | Adhikaar ek kasam ek tapasya | |
| 2015 | Yeh Hai Mohabbatein | Dr. Manoj Paul |
| | Matti Ki Banno | Vikram Singh / Arjun |
| | Code Red | |
| | Yeh Hai Aashiqui | |
| | Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein | Shivendu Kaushik |
| | 2613 | |
| | Ek Boond Ishq | |
| | Laut Aao Trisha | |
| | Desh Ki Beti Nandini | Abhay Singh |
| 2015 | Aahat | |
| 2016 | C.I.D. | Dr. Arjun |
| 2016 | Sarojini - Ek Nayi Pehal | Komal Singh |
| 2016 | Swaragini | Chiraag Bhandari |
| 2018 | Dil Hi Toh Hai | Kabir |
| 2018 | Kaun Hai? | Suraj |
| 2018 | Laal Ishq | Ali Khan / Dr. Rahul |
| 2019 | Bepanah Pyaar | Harshit Malhotra |
| 2020 | Maddam Sir | Ajay Kumar / Manav |
| 2021 | Teri Meri Ikk Jindri | Pratap Saigal "Pappuji" |
| 2022 | Fanaa: Ishq Mein Marjawan | Inspector Ranjit Singh |
| 2022–2023 | Katha Ankahee | Anirudh Verma |
| 2023-2024 | Ikk Kudi Punjab Di | Jarnail Singh Atwal |
| 2024 | Teri Meri Doriyaann | Zorawar Maan |

### Films

| Year | Film | Role | Language | Notes |
| 2008 | Sunday | Sanjay | Hindi | |
| 2015 | Gabbar is Back | Vikas Patil | Hindi | |
# Joanna Troutman

Joanna Troutman also Johanna Troutman (February 19, 1818 – July 23, 1879) sewed a flag for a battalion of Georgia volunteers who were leaving to fight in the Texas Revolution, which became known as the Troutman flag, consisting of a five-pointed blue star and the words "Liberty or Death" on a white silk field. On the reverse side was the Latin phrase UBI LIBERTAS HABITAT, IBI NOSTRA PATRIA EST which means "Where liberty dwells, there is our fatherland". On January 8, 1836, the flag was raised at Velasco which is now part of modern Freeport, Texas. The original flag was badly damaged by accident and only shreds flew in battle.

## Background

The Georgians, who were led by William Ward, suffered a harsh fate. Though they escaped the Battle of Coleto and the capitulation of James W. Fannin's command, they were pursued by José de Urrea's cavalry. Out of ammunition, they finally surrendered and were marched back to Goliad to join the rest of Fannin's captured troops. On March 27, 1836, they were nearly all executed in the Goliad massacre.

## Life

Born in Crawford County, Georgia on February 19, 1818, Troutman was the daughter of Hiram Bainbridge Troutman. In 1839 she married Solomom L. Pope and moved to a plantation in Knoxville, Georgia called Elmwood. The couple had four sons. Her husband died in 1872 and in 1875 she wed W. G. Vinson, who served in the Georgia state legislature. She died on July 23, 1879, at Elmwood and was buried next to her first husband. At the request of Texas governor Oscar Branch Colquitt her remains were transferred to the Texas State Cemetery in Austin in 1913. Her portrait hangs in one of the legislative chambers of the Texas Capitol.
# IJmeer

The IJmeer is a 'bordering lake' (Randmeer) in the Netherlands straddling the provinces of North Holland and Flevoland. Namely, it is the southeastern section of the Markermeer. It is an important habitat for birds such as the tufted duck and scaup.

## Geography

The IJmeer is bordered, and separated from the IJ, by the Oranje Locks to the east, a straight line extending from Uitdam to the Almere-Pampus to the northeast, and the Hollandse Brug to the southeast, where it connects with the Gooimeer.

## Houses in the IJmeer

Since 1998 islands have been built for the new suburb of IJburg. The first houses were ready in 2003. On 24 November 2004 the Council of State ruled that the construction of further new islands was provisionally banned, because the consequences for the environment were insufficiently researched.

## Further plans for the IJmeer

In 2006, the Council for Transport and Public Works and the Environment Board issued a joint opinion stating that Amsterdam and Almere should become conjoined cities with the IJmeer as a 'Central Park'. Partly to this end, Almere has announced plans to build residential areas in the IJmeer, in order for Amsterdam and Almere to grow closer together. There are plans for a connection between Amsterdam and Almere, straight through the IJmeer, through IJburg, and the planned Almere Pampus. Most likely this connection will be a bridge with lanes for public transport (metro and RER-like) and road.

## Islands

* De Drost
* Hooft
* IJburg islands
* Pampus
* Vuurtoreneiland
* Warenar
# Mandekal Aru

The Mandekal Aru is a river in Northern Province, Sri Lanka. The river rises in the western Mullaitivu District, before flowing north through Mullaitivu District and Kilinochchi District. It empties into Palk Bay.
# Blood on the Coral Sea

Blood on the Coral Sea is a 1959 British radio play by Bruce Stewart.
Practical Wireless called it "fairly dramatic".
The play was produced again in 1966.
The play aired in New Zealand in 1959.

## Premise

A merchant captain, wanted for slave trafficking, unsuccessfully tryies to implicate Mr. Grayson when his ship goes down with the loss of eight lives.
# Citharinus gibbosus

Citharinus gibbosus is a species of lutefish found in tropical Africa.

## Description

Citharinus gibbosus reaches a standard length of 61 cm.

## Distribution

Found in Africa. Very widespread in the Congo River basin, from the lower Congo up to the Lufira. It is absent from the Luapula-Moero and southern Kasaï. It is also known in Lake Tanganyika and the Malagarasi.
# Carpathian Large Carnivore Project

The Carpathian Large Carnivore Project (CLCP) was a project to develop and implement an extensive protection program for large carnivores (bear, lynx and wolf) in Romania.

## Impact

During its term and beyond its lifetime the project caused the development of various national institutions directly or indirectly:
* In 1999, the Piatra Craiului National Park was established with assistance of the CLCP.
* In 1999, the Romanian ecotourism agency Carpathian Nature Tours (cntours) was founded. Until the end of the project in the year 2003 the ecotourism-program was arranged together with the CLCP. Afterwards it was continued by cntours under acquisition of various further project targets.
* In 2000, the first association for ecotourism in Romania "Plaiuri Zarneştene" was founded.
* In 2005, a bear sanctuary was built near Zărneşti. Currently there are about 50 bears living, which came from illegal private husbandries or had been abused as dancing bears.
# Hundi (cash collection box)

A hundi is a collection box used in Indian temples to collect cash offerings from devotees. During the 2016 demonetisation of high-value Indian banknotes, there were concerns that the discontinued Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 notes could be hidden in hundis, where monitoring isn't as stringent.