# Concepts and Techniques in Modern Geography

Concepts and Techniques in Modern Geography (CATMOG), is a series of 59 short publications, each focused on an individual method or theory in geography.

## Background and impact

Concepts and Techniques in Modern Geography were produced by the Study Group in Quantitative Methods of the Institute of British Geographers. Each CATMOG publication was written on an individual topic in geography rather than a series of broad topics like traditional textbooks and ranged between 40 and 70 pages.c This à la carte approach allowed only purchasing publications on topics of interest, keeping each CATMOG relatively cheap and accessible, lowering student costs with early copies sold for around $2.00. This also offered instructors more flexibility in designing courses. The first of these publications was published in 1975, and the last in 1996. Each was written by someone working professionally with its topic, which created some issues in consistency between publications in terms of expected knowledge level and general formatting. As they focused on core concepts of the discipline and were written by experts in the field, they are still often cited today when discussing specific topics.
The CATMOG series was published between 1975 and 1996. While the CATMOG is out of print, it has been noted as an example for at least one similar publication, is speculated to have inspired Scientific Geography Series, and has been compared to the Briefs in Regional Science series. The concepts are still relevant to GIS. The Quantitative Methods Research Group (QMRG) at the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute for British Geographers) has made most of the CATMOG available to download for free on their website. The last CATMOG published in 1996 was included as a chapter in the book The Map Reader: Theories of Mapping Practice and Cartographic Representation.

## List of CATMOGs

| CATMOG number | Title | Author(s) | Year | ISBN |
| 1 | An Introduction to Markov Chain Analysis | Lyndhurst Collins | 1975 | ISBN 0-902246-43-7 |
| 2 | Distance Decay in Spatial Interactions | Peter J. Taylor | 1975 | ISBN 0-86094-090-X |
| 3 | Understanding Canonical Correlation Analysis | David Clark | 1975 | ISBN 0-902246-49-6 |
| 4 | Some Theoretical and Applied Aspects of Spatial Interaction Shopping Models | Stan Openshaw | 1975 | ISBN 0-902246-51-8 |
| 5 | An Introduction to Trend Surface Analysis | David Unwin | 1978 | ISBN 0-902246-51-8 |
| 6 | Classification in Geography | R.J. Johnston | 1976 | ISBN 0-902246-54-2 |
| 7 | An Introduction to Factor Analysis | John Goddard & Andrew Kirby | 1976 | ISBN 0-902246-55-0 |
| 8 | Principal Components Analysis | Stu Daultrey | 1976 | ISBN 0-902246-56-9 |
| 9 | Causal Inferences from Dichotomous Variables | Norman Davidson | 1976 | ISBN 0-902246-59-3 |
| 10 | Introduction to the Use of Logit Models in Geography | Neil Wrigley | 1976 | ISBN 0-902246-62-3 |
| 11 | Linear Programming: Elementary Geographical Applications of the Transportation Problem | Alan Hay | 1977 | ISBN 0-902246-65-8 |
| 12 | An Introduction to Quadrat Analysis | R. W. Thomas | 1977 | ISBN 0-902246-66-6 |
| 13 | An Introduction to Time-Geography | Nigel Thrift | 1977 | ISBN 0-902246-67-4 |
| 14 | An Introduction to Graph Theoretical Methods in Geography | Keith J. Tinkler | 1977 | ISBN 0-902246-68-2 |
| 15 | Linear Regression in Geography | Rob Ferguson | 1977 | ISBN 0-902246-87-9 |
| 16 | Probability Surface Mapping. An Introduction with Examples and Fortran Programmes | Neil Wrigley | 1977 | |
| 17 | Sampling Methods for Geographical Research | Chris J. Dixon & Bridget Leach | 1977 | ISBN 0-902246-96-8 |
| 18 | Questionnaires and Interviews in Geographical Research | Chris J. Dixon & Bridget Leach | 1977 | ISBN 0-902246-97-6 |
| 19 | Analysis of Frequency Distributions | V. Gardiner & G. Gardiner | 1979 | ISBN 0-902246-98-4 |
| 20 | Analysis of Covariance and Comparison of Regression Lines | John Silk | 1979 | ISBN 0-902246-99-2 |
| 21 | An Introduction to the Use of Simultaneous-Equation Regression Analysis in Geography | Daniel Todd | 1979 | |
| 22 | Transfer Function Modelling: Relationship Between Time Series Variables | Pong-wai Lai | 1979 | ISBN 0-86094-029-2 |
| 23 | Stochastic Processes in One Dimensional Series: an Introduction | Keith S. Richards | 1979 | |
| 24 | Linear Programming: The Simplex Method with Geographical Applications | James E. Killen | 1979 | |
| 25 | Directional Statistics | Gary L. Gaile & James E. Burt | 1980 | ISBN 0-86094-032-2 |
| 26 | Potential Models in Human Geography | David C. Rich | 1980 | ISBN 0-86094-044-6 |
| 27 | Causal Modelling: The Simon-Blalock Approach | Dennis G. Pringle | 1980 | ISBN 0-86094-045-4 |
| 28 | Statistical Forecasting | Robert J. Bennett | 1981 | ISBN 0-86094-064-0 |
| 29 | The British Census | John C. Dewdney | 1981 | ISBN 0-86094-070-5 |
| 30 | The Analysis of Variance | John Silk | 1981 | |
| 31 | Information Statistics in Geography | R. W. Thomas | 1981 | ISBN 0-86094-090-X |
| 32 | Centrographic Measures in Geography | Aharon Kellerman | 1981 | ISBN 0-86094-091-8 |
| 33 | An Introduction to Dimensional Analysis for Geographers | Robin Haynes | 1982 | ISBN 0-86094-097-7 |
| 34 | An Introduction to Q-Analysis | John R. Beaumont & Anthony C. Gatrell | 1982 | ISBN 0-86094-106-X |
| 35 | The Agricultural Census – United Kingdom and United States | Gordon L. Clark | 1982 | ISBN 0-86094-115-9 |
| 36 | Order-Neighbour Analysis | Graeme Aplin | 1983 | ISBN 0-86094-126-4 |
| 37 | Classification Using Information Statistics | R.J. Johnston & R.K. Semple | 1983 | ISBN 0-86094-133-7 |
| 38 | The Modifiable Areal Unit Problem | Stan Openshaw | 1983 | ISBN 0-86094-134-5 |
| 39 | Survey Research in Underdeveloped Countries | Chris J. Dixon & Bridget Leach | 1984 | ISBN 0-86094-135-3 |
| 40 | Innovation Diffusion: Contemporary Geographical Approaches | Gordon L. Clark | 1984 | ISBN 0-86094-168-X |
| 41 | Choice in Field Surveying | Roger P. Kirby | 1985 | ISBN 0-86094-174-4 |
| 42 | An Introduction to Likelihood Analysis | Andrew Pickles | 1985 | ISBN 0-86094-190-6 |
| 43 | The UK Census of Population 1981 | John C. Dewdney | | ISBN 0-86094-191-4 |
| 44 | Geography and Humanism | John Pickles | 1986 | ISBN 0-86094-220-1 |
| 45 | Voronoi (Thiessen) Polygons | Barry N. Boots | 1986 | ISBN 0-86094-221-X |
| 46 | Goodness-of-Fit Statistics | Alexander Stewart Fotheringham & Daniel C. Knudsen | 1987 | ISBN 0-86094-222-8 |
| 47 | Spatial Autocorrelation | Michael F. Goodchild | 1986 | ISBN 0-86094-223-6 |
| 48 | Introductory Matrix Algebra | Keith Tinkler | 1987 | ISBN 0-86094-224-4 |
| 49 | Spatial Applications of Exploratory Data Analysis | David Sibley | 1988 | ISBN 0-86094-228-7 |
| 50 | The Application of Nonparametric Statistical Tests in Geography | John Coshall | 1989 | |
| 51 | The Statistical Analysis of Contingency Table Designs | L. G. O'Brien | 1989 | ISBN 1-872464-01-7 |
| 52 | A Classification of Geographical Information Systems Literature and Applications | Ian Bracken, Gary Higgs, David Martin & Chris Webster | 1989 | |
| 53 | An Introduction to Market Analysis | John R. Beaumont | 1991 | ISBN 1-872464-03-3 |
| 54 | Multi-Level Models for Geographical Research | Kelvyn Jones | 1991 | ISBN 1-872464-04-1 |
| 55 | Causal and Simulation Modelling Using System Dynamics | Ian Moffatt | 1991 | ISBN 1-872464-05-X |
| 56 | The UK Census of Population 1991 | David Martin | 1993 | ISBN 1-872464-06-8 |
| 57 | Dynamic Analysis of Spatial Population Systems | Jianfa Shen | 1994 | ISBN 1-872464-07-6 |
| 58 | Doing Ethnographies | Ian Cook & Phil Crang | 1995 | |
| 59 | Area Cartograms: Their Use and Creation | Daniel Dorling | 1996 | ISBN 1-872464-09-2 |