OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Guldbron

Guldbron "The Golden Bridge", formally Slussbron, is the main bridge for road traffic as well as pedestrians and cyclists that will connect the Old Town of Stockholm with Södermalm. The bridge, which is part of the Nya Slussen project, was opened on 25 October 2020 by king Carl XVI Gustaf. Due to its color scheme it is unofficially often called the Gold Bridge.

## General

The bridge, which links Södermalm with the Old Town, is a steel structure manufactured by China Railway Shanhaiguan Bridge Group (CRSBG) in China. Skanska is the main contractor for the bridge construction, which includes planning, design, manufacturing, delivery and assembly. The bridge was designed by Spencer de Grey, chief architect at Foster + Partners. The company also designed the new Western Årsta Bridge (inaugurated 2003). The consulting company Ramboll was responsible for the design drawings. The bridge cost SEK 198 million.

## Description

The main bridge of the lock is 140 meters long, 45 meters wide and the height varies between one meter (on the Old Town side) and seven meters (on the Södermalm side). The longest span (center section) measures 58 meters. The bridge has three carriageways, where the middle slopes down and connects to Söder Mälarstrand and Stadsgårdsleden respectively. The design is prepared to carry any future tramway traffic. The service life was estimated to be at least 120 years. The entire construction weighs approximately 3,700 tonnes and was built between March 2018 and September 2019 in Shanhaiguan and in Zhongshan where the final assembly took place.

## Transport and assembly

The bridge was then transported in one piece by sea via the Suez Canal and the Mediterranean, through the English Channel and the Baltic to Stockholm where it arrived on 11 March 2020. The arrival was delayed several times due to bad weather. The transport took place on the ship MS Zhen Hua 33, a semi-submersible transport ship. Especially the long sea voyage has been criticized for its climate impact. The fact that the contractor Skanska's climate compensation for the freight also receives criticism, because it does not reduce emissions here and now.
On site in Stockholm, the ship was lowered and the bridge, resting on pontoons, was towed in place between Stadsgårdsleden and Skeppsbron. Once in place, it was mounted on prepared bridge pillars and then opened for traffic at the end of August 2020. The bridge is painted in gold-colored hue which, according to the architect, should help it blend into the delicate urban environment around Slussen, therefore the media called it the Gold Bridge.
# Pakistan International Airlines cricket team

Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) cricket team was a first-class cricket side sponsored by the national flag carrier, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), and was based in Karachi before its disestablishment in 2020. The side has won the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy more times than anyone else except Karachi.
They played their first first-class match in May 1961, under the captaincy of Hanif Mohammad, and their last in November 2016, captained by Fahad Iqbal. They played 407 first-class matches, with 159 wins, 73 losses and 175 draws.

## Honours

Qaid-i-Azam Trophy (6)
* 1969-70
* 1979-80
* 1987-88
* 1989-90
* 1999-2000
* 2002-03
* 2011-12
National One Day Championship (11)
* 1980–81
* 1981–82
* 1982–83
* 1985–86
* 1987-88
* 1995–96
* 1999–2000
* 2001–02
* 2002–03
* 2008–09
* 2011–12 Division One

## Notable players

* Imran Khan
* Asif Mujtaba
* Anil Dalpat
* Wasim Akram
* Zaheer Abbas
* Wasim Bari
* Shoaib Akhtar
* Mohammad Yousuf
* Shoaib Malik
* Abdul Razzaq
* Najaf Shah
* Yasir Hameed
* Umar Gul
* Sarfaraz Ahmed
* Moin Khan
* Saqlain Mushtaq
# Bemarivo (Sofia)

The Bemarivo river in Sofia Region (/be.mari.v/), is located in northern Madagascar. It drains to the northern coast, into the Anjobony shortly before the Sofia River, near Boriziny (Port Bergé).
It is flows along the RN 6 and RN 4.
# Heille

Heille is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is located on the Belgium border, about 2 km west of Aardenburg in the municipality of Sluis.
Heille is not a statistical entity, and the postal authorities have placed it under Sluis.
Heille was a separate municipality until 1880.
# Hecke algebra of a finite group

The Hecke algebra of a finite group is the algebra spanned by the double cosets HgH of a subgroup H of a finite group G. It is a special case of a Hecke algebra of a locally compact group.

## Definition

Let F be a field of characteristic zero, G a finite group and H a subgroup of G. Let $F[G]$ denote the group algebra of G: the space of F-valued functions on G with the multiplication given by convolution. We write $F[G/H]$ for the space of F-valued functions on $G/H$. An (F-valued) function on G/H determines and is determined by a function on G that is invariant under the right action of H. That is, there is the natural identification:
    $F[G/H]=F[G]^{H}.$
Similarly, there is the identification
    $R:=\operatorname {End} _{G}(F[G/H])=F[G]^{H\times H}$
given by sending a G-linear map f to the value of f evaluated at the characteristic function of H. For each double coset $HgH$, let $T_{g}$ denote the characteristic function of it. Then those $T_{g}$'s form a basis of R.

## Application in representation theory

Let $\varphi :G\rightarrow GL(V)$ be any finite-dimensional complex representation of a finite group G, the Hecke algebra $H=\operatorname {End} _{G}(V)$ is the algebra of G-equivariant endomorphisms of V. For each irreducible representation $W$ of G, the action of H on V preserves ${\tilde {W}}$ – the isotypic component of $W$ – and commutes with $W$ as a G action.
# 1970s in Andorra

1970s in Andorra:

## Events

* 1970: April 23- Andorran women gain the right to vote.
* 1971: Andorra organizes the Andorran Olympic Committee.
* 1972: The Sanctuary of Meritxell is destroyed with a fire.
       295 vehicles recorded per 1000 inhabitants, ranking Andorra fourth in the world in its automobile/population ratio.
* 1973:Population of 24,807 recorded in Andorra.
       Andorra's legislative assembly is reordered, ending the establishment of new letterbox enterprises by foreigners, thus effectively halting Andorra's function as a corporate tax haven.
* 1974: April 4-Contract signed between tobacco farmers and manufacturers.
       The National Library of Andorra is founded in Andorra la Vella
* 1975: March 21-Spain issues a decree, originally published in September 1974, which requires the holders of French identity cards entering Spain from Andorra to produce passports.
       May 14 -Andorra is accepted as a member of the world Olympic movement.
    The National Archives of Andorra is founded in Andorra la Vella.
* 1976:The Sanctuary of Meritxell is rebuilt by Catalan architect Ricardo Bofill.
* 1978: The six Parishes of Andorra are expanded to seven, with the establishment of the parish of Escaldes-Engordany.
* 1979: December:Prenegotiations over the EC-Andorra Agreement as an Epiphenomenon of the Accession of Spain to the European Community are started in Brussels.
# Margaret Hsing

Margaret Hsing (Chinese: 邢慧) (1944-2009) was a Chinese actress from Hong Kong.

## Early life

On November 8, 1944, Hsing was born as Hsing Yung-hui in Shanghai, China.

## Education

Hsing graduated from New Method College in Hong Kong. Hsing learned dancing in Japan.

## Career

In 1962, at age 18, Hsing became a Shaw Brothers actress in Hong Kong. Hsing is known for her dancing abilities in her films. Hsing debuted in The Dancing Millionairess, a 1964 Mandarin Musical film directed by Doe Ching. Hsing also appeared as Chin Ching-Yu in The Sword and the Lute, a 1967 Martial Arts film directed by Hsu Tseng-Hung. Hsing's last film was Woman of the Night, a 1973 Adult drama film directed by Yu Kuan-Jen. Hsing is credited with over 25 films.

## Filmography
### Films

This is a partial list of films.
* 1964 The Dancing Millionairess - Chorus girl, Dancer
* 1964 The Last Woman of Shang - Dancing girl
* 1966 The Joy of Spring - Hsing Yong-Hui
* 1967 The Sword and the Lute - Chin Ching-Yu
* 1968 The Enchanted Chamber - Chiang Wen-Tsui
* 1970 The 5 Billion Dollar Legacy - Situ Pei-Fang
* 1972 The Bride from Hell - Anu / Feng Ai Jiao
* 1973 Woman of the Night - Su Xiao-Qi

## Personal life

In 1973, at age 29, Hsing immigrated to Los Angeles, California. Hsing developed mental illness. In 1994, after an argument, Hsing killed her mother with an axe. Hsing served 11 years in prison for manslaughter, and in 2007, she completed her prison sentence. In 2009, Hsing died.
# Ogtay

Ogtay is a given name and may refer to:
* Ogtay Aghayev (1934–2006) Soviet, Azerbaijani variety singer
* Ogtay Asadov (born 1955) Azerbaijani politician
* Ogtay Gulaliyev (born 1970) Azerbaijani human rights activist
* Ogtay Sadigzade (1921–2014) Soviet and Azerbaijani visual artist
* Ogtay Samadov (born 1952) Azerbaijani nuclear physicist
* Ogtay Shiraliyev (born 1950) Azerbaijani politician
# Utrecht (disambiguation)

Utrecht is a city in the Netherlands.
Utrecht may also refer to:
* Utrecht (agglomeration), including the city of Utrecht
* Utrecht (province), of which the city of Utrecht is the capital
In history:
* Lordship of Utrecht, precursor of the province
* Episcopal principality of Utrecht, precursor of the lordship
* Archdiocese of Utrecht (695–1580), historic diocese and precursor of the bishopric
Outside the Netherlands:
* Utrecht, KwaZulu-Natal, a South African village named after the Dutch city
* Republic of Utrecht, named after the village
* New Utrecht, Brooklyn, named after the Dutch city
Other uses:
* Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht, current diocese of Utrecht
* Old Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht
* Union of Utrecht, treaty signed in 1579, regarded as the foundation of the Dutch Republic
* Union of Utrecht (Old Catholic), a federation of Old Catholic Churches
* Treaty of Utrecht, series of treaties signed in 1713, helped ending the War of the Spanish Succession
* Utrecht University
* FC Utrecht, a Dutch Association football club
* Utrecht Art Supplies, a vendor of fine art materials, based in New Jersey
* Utrecht Caravaggism, a group of painters of the Baroque school in the early part of the seventeenth century
* Utrecht Centraal railway station
* HNLMS Utrecht, several ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy
# Vadu

Vadu may refer to several villages in Romania:
* Vadu, a village in the commune of Corbu, Constanța
* Vadu, a village in the commune of Sântămăria-Orlea, Hunedoara County
* Vadu, a village in the commune of Vărgata, Mureș County
# Palmodes occitanicus

Palmodes occitanicus is a species of thread-waisted wasp in the family Sphecidae.
The reproduction behaviour of this species (called the "Sphex languedocien" at the time) is described in detail by the French entomologist, Jean-Henri Fabre, in 1879, in a story intended to convince people that animals are not rational. The wasp normally stings and paralyzes an Ephippiger or related orthopteran prey, and brings it back to its burrow; it leaves the prey item near the entrance, enters the burrow, lays an egg, and then drags the prey item into the burrow where the egg can hatch nearby and the wasp larva can feed. If the prey item is moved while the wasp is in the nest, it will exit, become confused, then grab and reposition the prey near the entrance, and reenter the nest; if the prey is moved again before the wasp reemerges, it will continue the process indefinitely.
# Ben Maltz Gallery

The Ben Maltz Gallery at the Otis College of Art and Design was an art space in Los Angeles, California, that closed permanently in 2020.

## History

The Ben Maltz Gallery presented group and solo exhibitions in a variety of media. The main focus was showcasing contemporary art that pushes the boundaries of form and subject matter in the context of national and international programming. Serving the local art community, the public, and Otis students and faculty, it presented emerging and established Los Angeles talent as well as international artists.
Originally named the Otis Gallery, the exhibition space was initially sited on the College's downtown grounds. In August 2001, the Gallery moved to Otis’ Westchester campus and was dedicated in honor of Benjamin N. Maltz (1901–1993), a local businessman and founding director of City National Bank, who was a supporter of many nonprofit art organizations. Designed by the Los Angeles–based Frederick Fisher and Partners, the 3,500 sq ft (330 m$^2$) Gallery was located on the ground floor of the Bronya and Andy Galef Center for Fine Arts, which also houses the Bolsky Gallery for student exhibitions, numerous art studios, critique rooms, and offices.

## Management

Anne Ayres, a respected Los Angeles art historian and curator, managed the Gallery from 1988 to 2003 after taking the reins from Otis’ former School Director, Al Nodel. Meg Linton succeeded Ayres and directed the Gallery from 2003 to 2015. Linton was previously the Executive Director of the Santa Barbara Contemporary Arts Forum and had held many curatorial and teaching positions in California and New York. From 2015 to 2022, Kate McNamara served as gallery director. McNamara was previously Director and Chief Curator at the Boston University Art Gallery and held positions in curation at MoMA PS1 and the Bronx Museum of the Arts.

## Public Programs

The Ben Maltz Gallery oversaw the Otis College’s "Jennifer Howard Coleman Distinguished Lectureship and Residency." This program was created in 1995 in collaboration with the Samuel Goldwyn Foundation to pay tribute to the memory of Jennifer Howard Coleman, who was an artist and Otis alumna. The biannual appointment acknowledged leading contemporary painters by granting a residency at the College and according them a solo exhibition at the Ben Maltz Gallery.
The "Otis Speaks" lecture program was also produced in association with the Ben Maltz Gallery. Free and open to the public, the weekly event series offered a platform for contemporary artists, designers, curators, filmmakers, writers and critics to share their projects and ideas about the visual world.
Past exhibitions include BROODWORK, Keith Puccinelli, Travis Somerville, and Mark Dean Veca.

## Recognition

The Ben Maltz Gallery was the recipient of the "Best Exhibition in an Alternative Space Award" by the International Critics Association for Karen Carson’s 1996 "The Language of Space" exhibition.
# No Pleasantries

No Pleasantries is the debut album of American post-grunge band U.P.O. Released on May 30, 2000, the album broke U.P.O. into the mainstream rock scene and was their most successful release. It was made available on iTunes on September 22, 2004.
In promotion of No Pleasantries, U.P.O. toured throughout 2000 with popular acts such as Linkin Park, Nickelback, Godsmack, and 3 Doors Down. July saw the group joining Slipknot, Slayer, and Metallica on the Tattoo the Earth Tour. U.P.O. played two more shows in 2001 before their brief hiatus.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
No Pleasantries boasted two chart-placing singles; "Godless" climbed to #5 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Chart and “Feel Alive” reached #25. The album managed to sell over 100,000 copies.
David Reamer of Allmusic noted, "With a sound similar to Badmotorfinger-era Soundgarden and featuring vocal distortion like that employed by Travis Meeks of Days of the New fame, the album is nothing revolutionary, but it is full of quality tracks that will please all but the most jaded alternative fans." He also claimed that U.P.O. obviously "knows what it's doing" and enjoys making music. Vocalist Shawn Albro's varied delivery has also been compared to The Cult's Ian Astbury.

## Song appearances

"Godless" was included on MTV's Return of the Rock Vol. 2. Tattoo The Earth: The First Crusade included A live rendition of "Dust." "Feel Alive" was included on the soundtrack to Book of Shadows: Blair Witch 2 . A track entitled "Now You Want Me," which may be from the No Pleasantries sessions, was featured on the ECW Anarchy Rocks! compilation. Nash Bridges and ESPN Under the Helmet also bared tracks from No Pleasantries.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Shawn Albro; all music is composed by Shawn Albro and Chris Weber

## Personnel
### U.P.O.

* Shawn Albro - vocals
* Chris Weber - guitar
* Benjamin Shirley - bass guitar
* Tommy Holt - drums and percussion

### Additional personnel

* Rick Parashar & Geoff Ott - engineering
* Brandon Vaughan - assistant engineering
* Rick Parashar & Kelly Gray - mixing
* Stephen Marcussen - mastering
* Steve Richards - A&R direction
* Steve Ross - A&R coordination
* Hooshik - art direction
* Dean Karr - photography

## Chart positions
### Album

| Year | Chart | Position |
| 2000 | Top Heatseekers | 19 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart | Position |
| 2000 | "Feel Alive" | Mainstream Rock Tracks | 25 |
| 2000 | "Godless" | Mainstream Rock Tracks | 6 |
# Heinrich Brändli

Heinrich Brändli (April 18, 1938 – April 12, 2018) was a Swiss engineer and professor of ETH Zürich. He dealt with transportation and railway technology.
# Hector Deheragoda

Ekanayake Rajapakse Kodippilli Dissanayake Mudiyanseralahamilaye Hector Deheragoda was the 26th Solicitor General of Ceylon. He was appointed on 1970, succeeding L. B. T. Premaratne, and held the office until 1972. He was succeeded by R. S. Wanasundera.
# International Test and Evaluation Association

The International Test and Evaluation Association (ITEA) is a professional body founded in 1980. Its primary purpose is to further the exchange of technical information in the field of test and evaluation. Membership is open to professionals, students and corporate bodies involved in the development and application of policy and techniques used to assess the effectiveness, reliability, and safety of new and existing systems and products.
# Isabelle Jonckheere

Isabelle Jonckheere is a Belgian amateur snooker player. She was runner-up to Wendy Jans at the 2006 EBSA European Snooker Championship for women.
She has won the Belgian national women's snooker title three times, in 2005, 2006 and 2011.

## Career highlights
### European Championship (Women)

| Outcome | Year | Venue | Opponent | Score | Ref. |
| Runner-up | 2006 | Constanța, Romania | Wendy Jans | 0–5 | |

### Team competitions

| Outcome | Year | Championship | Opponents | Score | Ref. |
| Winner | 2007 | European Team Championship, with Wendy Jans (Belgium 1) | Hanna Mergies and Malgorzta Klys (Poland) | 5–0 | |

### BBSA Belgian National Championship (Women's)

| Outcome | Year | Opponent | Score |
| Runner-up | 2003 | Wendy Jans | 0–4 |
| Winner | 2005 | Cathy Dehaene | 4–1 |
| Winner | 2006 | Cathy Dehaene | 4–1 |
| Runner-up | 2009 | Wendy Jans | 1–4 |
| Runner-up | 2010 | Wendy Jans | 0–4 |
| Winner | 2011 | Wendy Jans | 4–0 |
# Graeme Morton

Graeme Morton may refer to:
* Graeme Morton (historian), Scottish historian
* Graeme Morton (musician), Australian composer and conductor
# Grunge, Norway

Grunge is a village in Vinje Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The village is located on the north shore of the lake Tveitevatnet, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the east of the villages of Haukeli and Edland. The European route E134 highway runs through the village. Grunge Church is located a short distance west of the village.
# Palić Zoo

Palić zoo is a 10-hectare (25-acre) zoo and gardens founded in 1949 and located in Palić, North Serbia, a part of the City of Subotica, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the E75 Budapest – Belgrade highway.

## History

It was believed that the lake water and mud at Palić Lake had healing powers, and from the mid-1880s to the beginning of World War I, Palić was a popular spa destination. After World War II, the zoo was conceived as part of an effort to bring tourism back to the area. The zoo was opened in 1949.

## Animals

The zoo is home to about 150 species of animals, including monkeys, deer, antelope, zebras, giraffes, lions, elephants, camels, tigers, wolves, polar bears, emu, ostriches, and other birds, as well as snakes, reptiles, and tarantulas. The zoo is also home to some domesticated animals including donkeys, goats, and horses.

## Landscaping

The Zoo includes ponds and fountains, as well as more than 270 species of trees and shrubs, including Lebanon cedars, sequoias, and larch, as well as many domestic species. The northern part of the zoo is covered with evergreen trees and the southern part is predominantly deciduous. The zoo includes a children's playground and a petting zoo.
# Heliconia × flabellata

Heliconia × flabellata is a species of plant in the family Heliconiaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest. It is apparently a hybrid, H. episcopalis × H. rostrata.
# Heinrich Bruns

Ernst Heinrich Bruns (4 September 1848 – 23 September 1919) was a German mathematician and astronomer, who also contributed to the development of the field of theoretical geodesy.

## Early life

Heinrich Bruns was born on 4 September 1848 in Berlin to Christian Gerhard Bruns, a landscape painter, and his wife, Caroline Henriette Hasse.

## Education and professional appointments

Bruns studied mathematics, astronomy, and physics at the University of Berlin during 1866–1871 under Ernst Kummer and Karl Weierstrass and earned a doctoral degree with a dissertation titled De proprietate quadam functionis potentialis corporum homogeneorum ("On the properties of a certain potential function of homogeneous bodies"). From 1872 to 1873 he was employed at the Pulkowa Observatory in Russia as a calculator. There he met and married Marie Wilhelmine Schleussner, who also worked as a calculator at the observatory. In 1873 he became an observer at the Observatory of Dorpat (now Tartu) in Estonia, where he remained until 1876. During this time he also worked as a lecturer at the University of Dorpat.
In 1876, Bruns was appointed an associate professor of mathematics at the University of Berlin. He also worked at the Prussian Military Academy and the Geodetic Institute of Potsdam. In 1882 he went to Saxony as a full professor of astronomy at the University of Leipzig and director of the Leipzig Observatory. That same year, he was elected a member of the academy of science Leopoldina.

## Work

Heinrich Bruns was mainly engaged in developing the theoretical side of "the shape of the Earth" (the title of one of his major works). The fields of potential theory and the study of equilibrium shapes owe many key results to him, including Bruns formula.
For the study of astronomical refraction he developed an unusual method of calculating the vertical gradient of air temperature together with his assistant Felix Hausdorff. However, due to a lack of sufficiently accurate measurement methods this method has not been used in practice.
The 20th century's higher geodesy (a sub-field of geodesy concerned with measuring the earth on a global scale) as practiced by Karl Ledersteger was based on theories developed by Bruns, including "Bruns' polyhedron". This construct was envisioned as a world-spanning net. Satellite geodesy turned this thought experiment into a reality with the development of the GPS.

## Publications

* Über die Perioden der elliptischen Integrale erster und zweiter Ordnung (On the periods of elliptic integrals of first and second order). (Dorpat 1875)
* Die Figur der Erde (The shape of the Earth). (Berlin 1878)
* Über eine Aufgabe der Ausgleichsrechnung (On a problem of curve fitting). (Leipzig 1886)
* Über die Integrale des Vielkörperproblems (On the integrals of the many-body problem). (Leipzig 1887)
* Das Eikonal (The Eikonal). (Leipzig 1895)
# Bega Poienilor

The Bega Poienilor (also: Bega Mică, in its upper course: Șasa) is the right headwater of the river Bega in Romania. At its confluence with the Bega Luncanilor in Curtea, the Bega is formed. Its length is 35 km (22 mi) and its basin size is 173 km$^2$ (67 sq mi).
# Manducus

Manducus is a genus of bristlemouths.

## Species

There are currently two recognized species in this genus:
* Manducus greyae (R. K. Johnson, 1970)
* Manducus maderensis (J. Y. Johnson, 1890)