OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Audiology and hearing health professionals in Nigeria
## Hearing healthcare professional qualifications

Nigeria is a low-income developing country located in Africa. Currently, there is a lack of information regarding audiological and hearing healthcare in Nigeria.

## Current statistics

| Country | GNI $Int PPP | Pop. (000s) | Auds | Auds/mil. pop. | ENTs | ENTs/mil. pop. | Aud phys | Aud tech | H/A tech | SLT | TOD |
| Nigeria | 1050 | 124009 | N/A | N/A | 60 | 0 | 1 | 50 | 15 | N/A | 150 |
GNI $Int PPP: per capita gross national income in international dollars; Pop. (000s): population (000s); Auds: total audiologists; Auds/mil. pop: audiologists per million people; ENTs: total ENT surgeons; ENTs/mil. pop: ENT surgeons per million people; Aud phys: audiological physicians; Aud techs: audiological technicians; SLT: speech-language therapists; TOD: teachers of the deaf
# Audiokite

Audiokite is an online market research company based in New York, offering consumer research and opinion polling to musicians and labels. Using the Amazon Mechanical Turk service and an internal reviewer filtering process, the service streams music over the internet to U.S.-based music consumers and administers a survey. The results are organized into a report, which determines eligibility for a variety of discounts and opportunities through partnerships with music services including Bandzoogle, New Artist Model, Feature.fm and others.
In an article about data in the modern music industry, Forbes noted that "More and more artists are A/B-testing their music, either on their own or through market research services like Audiokite."

## History

The company was founded in 2014 by the musician Alex Jae Mitchell and law student Benjamin Sklovsky, following their previous music venture. Citing the accessible price point, the service earned praise from members of the music technology community following its launch.
In 2015, Audiokite won the SF Music Tech Summit Startup Innovators Challenge.
In 2016, the company pitched in the first Canadian Music Week Startup Launchpad.

## Acquisition

Audiokite was acquired by ReverbNation in November 2016 for an undisclosed sum. ReverbNation CEO Mike Doernberg reported the reasoning behind the acquisition was to "deliver more comprehensive and insightful information to promoters of festivals, licensing companies and radio at a much broader scale."
# Augustinussen

Augustinussen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Johan Augustinussen (1808–1888), Norwegian curate/choirmaster, teacher, and politician
* Thomas Augustinussen (born 1981), Danish footballer and coach
# Atlas-Knight Automobile Company

The Atlas car was built in Springfield, Massachusetts from 1907 to 1911 (and became the Atlas-Knight for 1912–1913).
After Harry Knox left the company that had been building Knox cars in Springfield, he established the Knox Motor Truck Company in 1905 to produce Atlas commercial vehicles. His former partners at his previous firm took him to court over the name. After he was forbidden from using the Knox name, he formed the Atlas Motor Car Company in late 1907.

## History

Harry Knox had proposed to the people producing the Sunset Automobile Company in San Francisco, California that he produce the car under license. At first they refused, but changed their mind after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The factory location was listed at 1336 Mission Street and manufactured cars by sourcing different components from various companies and selling a steam powered runabout for USD$900 ($30,520 in 2023 dollars). By 1904 the main office moved to 1814 Market Street and the company switched to gasoline powered products using a twin-cylinder, two stroke engine installed in the front driving the rear wheels, and offered a runabout on an 84" wheelbase until 1905. When the factory was destroyed during the earthquake, Knox' offer to build a car with the help of Bert Knapp of the Knapp Manufacturing Company and combined with Sunset Automobile to form Victory Motor Car Company and relocated to 896 South First Street in San Jose and was open for business August 1906. Three body styles were offered and the company was producing eight cars a month. Due to internal legal matters involving theft from a customer's car being repaired at the facility, and a lawsuit, the company was sold in 1912 and ended operations.
The Atlas of Springfield was thus based on the Sunset, even using the same two-stroke engine. This same 2-cylinder 22 hp engine was used in the Atlas delivery vans and taxicab, starting in 1908. Harry Knox refined the engine and developed a 3-cylinder 34 hp version of it. Later, a 60 hp 4-cylinder version was offered. The firm entered an Atlas in the 1909 Vanderbilt Cup, being the first two-stroke car to enter a major long-distance road race. This fact was promoted in subsequent promotional materials. Not long after, the two-stroke engine fell out of favor in the marketplace, and Knox added a Knight sleeve-valved engine in 1912. These cars were called Atlas-Knights, and were bigger, five- or seven-passenger touring cars that cost approximately $3500 ($110,503 in 2023 dollars). The company was bankrupt by early 1913, supposedly due to problems acquiring engines. Harry Knox then moved to Indianapolis to assist the Lyons brothers in producing the Lyons-Knight.
# Charles Charrington

Charles Charrington Martin (1854 – 1926), often known as Charles Charrington, but at times as Charles Martin, was a British actor and barrister.
Charrington studied law at the University of Cambridge, and became a barrister. He also worked as an actor, and married Janet Achurch, who worked in the profession. In 1889, they took over the management of the Novelty Theatre, putting on and performing in the first professional English language production of Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll's House.
Charrington also became politically active, standing for the Progressive Party in the 1898 London County Council election, and for the Chelsea Vestry in 1899.
Charrington joined the Fabian Society in 1895, and served on its executive committee from 1899 until 1904. That year, he moved away from London to focus his time on acting, but in 1907 he returned.
Charrington was married to Janet Achurch. They played together in Frou-Frou which toured Australia in 1890.
# Charles H. Faulkner

Charles H. Faulkner (16 October 1937 - 11 July 2022) was an American archaeologist and anthropologist, most recently a Distinguished Professor at University of Tennessee. Faulkner made his name in historical archaeology, leading digs in Tennessee and in the south-eastern United States. He also contributed to rock-art research and Woodland-period archaeology.

## Early life and professional career

Charles ("Charlie") Faulkner was born in Culver, Indiana. It is reported that finding a projective point when he was ten is what set him on his way to become a professional archaeologist.
He earned He worked his way through school, receiving his Bachelor's, Master's and Ph.D. degrees in Anthropology all from Indiana University Bloomington. In 1965, he was hired by the University of Tennessee to teach in the Anthropology Department.
Significant sites that he worked on include Ramsey House, Blount Mansion and Cavett's Station. "He was nationally recognized for his work at Mud Glyph Cave."

## Honors

* University of Tennessee Distinguished Professor of Humanities Award
* "Dr. Charles Faulkner Day" (2019) in Knoxville
# Channel use

Channel use is a quantity used in signal processing or telecommunication related to symbol rate and channel capacity. Capacity is measured in bits per input symbol into the channel (bits per channel use). If a symbol enters the channel every T$_s$ seconds (for every symbol period a symbol is transmitted) the channel capacity in bits per second is C/T$_s$. The phrase "1 bit per channel use" denotes the transmission of 1 symbol (of duration T$_s$) containing 1 data bit.
# Attu

Attu may refer to:
* Attu Island in Alaska, the westernmost island of the Aleutian Islands chain
* The Battle of Attu, the primary land battle in the Aleutian Islands campaign of World War II, which took place on Attu Island in May 1943.
* Attu Station, Alaska, a LORAN station on Attu Island
* Attu (Greenland), a settlement in western Greenland
* Attu (film), a 2017 Indian gangster film
* An extinct dialect of the Aleut language
* An island in Pargas, Väståboland, Finland
* A breakfast dish in Andhra Pradesh, India; see List of Indian dishes
# Aubrey Grossman

Aubrey W. Grossman (1911–1999) was a widely known Civil Rights attorney and member of the Communist Party USA. He is best known for his defense of Willie McGee (convict), a black man put to death for an alleged rape, and for his defense of the Native Americans who occupied Alcatraz Island in 1969–71.
Born in California on 29 March 1911, he was the son of David Grossman and his wife Emma (née Silverstein) Grossman.
# Auriculariaceae

The Auriculariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Species within the family were formerly referred to the "heterobasidiomycetes" or "jelly fungi", since many have gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that produce spores on septate basidia. Around 100 species are known worldwide. All are believed to be saprotrophic, most growing on dead wood. Fruit bodies of several Auricularia species are cultivated for food on a commercial scale, especially in China.

## Taxonomy
### History

The family was established in 1897 by German mycologist Gustav Lindau to accommodate species of fungi having "gymnocarpous" basidiocarps (with the hymenium exposed) and "auricularioid" basidia (more or less cylindrical basidia with lateral septa). It included not only the genus Auricularia, but also Platygloea, Jola, Saccoblastia, and Stypinella (= Helicobasidium). In 1922, British mycologist Carleton Rea recognized the family as containing the genera Auricularia, Eocronartium, Helicobasidium, Platygloea, and Stilbum. Both Lindau and Rea placed the family within the Auriculariales, but some subsequent authors placed it within the Tremellales.
A radical revision was undertaken in 1984, when American mycologist Robert Joseph Bandoni used transmission electron microscopy to investigate the ultrastructure of the septal pore apparatus in the Auriculariales. This revealed that species of fungi with "auricularioid" basidia were not necessarily closely related and that Auricularia had more in common with Exidia and its allies (with "tremelloid" basidia), than with other auricularioid fungi. Bandoni therefore limited the Auriculariaceae to the genus Auricularia.

### Current status

Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has confirmed that the Auriculariaceae belong within the order Auriculariales, but has also indicated that the family is not distinguishable from the Exidiaceae. A clade containing Auricularia and Exidia species (plus their allies) equates to the Auriculariaceae.

## Description

The majority of species within the Auriculariaceae produce gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on dead wood. In some these are conspicuous and may be ear-shaped, button-shaped, lobed, or effused. Their hymenophores (spore-bearing surfaces) may be smooth, warted, veined, spiny, or poroid. Some species, however, produce dry, leathery, or web-like fruit bodies resembling those of the corticioid fungi.

## Distribution and habitat

All species within the Auriculariaceae are thought to be saprotrophs, most of them wood-rotters typically found on dead attached or fallen wood. As a group, their distribution is cosmopolitan. The Auriculariaceae currently contain some 15 genera.

## Economic importance

Several species within the order are edible and two, Auricularia heimuer and Auricularia cornea, are cultivated on a commercial scale, particularly in China and southeast Asia. They are widely exported, in a dried or powdered state, as "black fungus", "cloud ears", or "wood ears".
# Auriculastra duplicata

Auriculastra duplicata is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusc in the family Ellobiidae, the salt marsh snails.

## Distribution

This species occurs in Japan in Honshū, Kyūshū and Shikoku. It is considered to be a vulnerable species in Japan, in Okinawa Prefecture.
# Aurelino Leal

Aurelino Leal is a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil.
# Aussiedown

Aussiedown sheep are an Australian breed of sheep that was developed in the early 1990s using Southdown and Texel genetics. The resulting progeny have a maximum of 75% Southdown and Texel ancestry. They are mainly used as prime lamb sires, by crossing them over purebred or crossbred ewes.
Aussiedown sheep are easy care, clean faced, plain bodied sheep that produce a white, downs type wool with a fibre diameter of 28 to 33 microns, with a staple length of 60 to 90 mm and a fleece weight of about 3–5 kg (6.6–11.0 lb). Stud rams may weigh up to 140 kg (310 lb) under good conditions and ewes about 87 kg (192 lb). High lambing percentages are common.
This breed is mostly found in the south-east areas of Australia, in New South Wales and Victoria.
# Aureoboletus auriporus

Aureoboletus auriporus is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae that is found in Europe and North America. It was originally described in 1872 by American mycologist Charles Horton Peck, who called it Boletus auriporus. Zdenek Pouzar transferred it to the genus Aureoboletus in 1957.
The species is edible, and could be confused with (the also edible) Xerocomus illudens.
# Augie Walsh

August Sothley "Augie" Walsh (August 17, 1904 – November 12, 1985) was an American professional baseball pitcher. Walsh played for the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball in 1924 and 1925. In 39 career games, he had a 4–10 record with a 6.05 ERA. He batted and threw right-handed.
Walsh was born in Wilmington, Delaware, and died in San Rafael, California.
# Augusto Barcia

Augusto Barcia (1926 in Santiago, Chile – 8 December 2001 in Santiago, Chile) was a painter from Chile.
# Charles W. Woodford

Charles W. Woodford (December 23, 1931 – February 21, 2009) was an American businessman and Illinois Treasurer from 1970 to 1971.

## Early life and education

Woodford was born in Sharon, Wisconsin and received his bachelor's degree from Beloit College.

## Career

He started his business career with Brown Brothers and Harriman and Company in Chicago, Illinois. In 1970, he became Illinois Treasurer when Adlai Stevenson III was elected to the United States Senate and served until Alan J. Dixon became the Illinois Treasurer in 1971. He chaired the 1973 Illinois Budget Task Force and helped implement the office of the Illinois Comptroller. Woodford was later vice president and treasurer of the Horace Mann Corporation. He also worked with other banks and insurance companies including the American National Bank and Trust Company and the First National Bank of Chicago as executive vice president. In 1982 he became the Chief Executive Officer of Trust Services of America, a division of California Federal Bank and from 1994 to 1996 he was an executive of Sanwa Bank. He became a founding board member of tech startup Networked Robotics Corporation, a scientific automation company, in 2004. He lived in Hanover, Illinois and died there.
# Ault, Northern Ireland

Ault, (from Irish Allt, meaning 'ravine') (also known as Gowkstown), is a townland of 367 acres in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the civil parish of Tickmacrevan and the historic barony of Glenarm Lower.
The townland contains a Wedge tomb (Giant’s Grave) registered as a Scheduled Historic Monument at grid ref: D3161 1082. The wedge tomb is set in a long cairn aligned south-west/north-east, with a single large burial chamber and small antechamber. The antechamber has a straight stone facade and the burial chamber is formed from a number of large stones, with one lintel stone in place. There is an outer kerb of closely spaced boulders (with over 25 stones in place) and the space between the kerb and the burial chamber is filled with cairn material.
# Charles River Dam

The Charles River Dam is a flood control structure on the Charles River in Boston, Massachusetts, located just downstream of the Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge, near Lovejoy Wharf, on the former location of the Warren Bridge.

## History

The Charles River Dam was built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The structure also includes the "Colonel Richard Gridley Locks", named for General George Washington's first army engineer. Built and operational in 1978, the three locks can be crossed by pedestrians as well as bicyclists. It is part of the popular Boston Harborwalk. The dam contains three individual locks, with one wider than the other two to accommodate the occasional passing of a larger vessel. The structure also includes a fish passage. Six diesel-powered, 2700 horsepower turbo-charged engines drive six pumps with a combined capacity of about 3.7 million US gallons (14,000 m$^3$) per minute or 8140 cubic feet per second (CFS).
The dam controls the surface level of the river basin as well its tributaries upstream, including the Back Bay Fens and Muddy River and to prevent sea water from entering the Charles River freshwater basin during high tides. It replaced the 1910 Charles River Dam upstream, now the site of the Boston Museum of Science . The 1910 dam includes two locks (one under the Science Museum parking garage). Both locks are now kept open for navigation. The older dam could not keep sea water out and a layer of salt water accumulated at the bottom of the fresh water basin, contributing to pollution and fish migration problems.
The dam's walkway is the site of the "Charlestown Bells", an interactive art installation by Paul Matisse, consisting of a set of chimes mounted on the railing that passers-by can strike. The work was refurbished in 2013 after it had fallen into disrepair.
The Charles River Dam was once in the shadow of the former Charlestown High Bridge located upstream. It was replaced by the Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge just upstream.
# Charles S. Martz

Charles S. Martz (November 21, 1903 – April 5, 1966) was an American photographer, painter, inventor and entrepreneur.
Martz founded Tasopé Company in Aurora, Missouri in 1931. He created small photoengraving machines that could be used by small town newspapers to print photographs and patented several of these photo engraving machines. Martz quickly realized to sell his machines to newspapers, he would need trained photographers to help create the demand.
Martz trained photographers at Tasopé for the new field of "camera reporting." His students included Clifton C. Edom who has been called the "Father of Photo Journalism." Martz also designed and built Tasopé cameras.
Martz's work has been published in major photography journals of the period and his photographs and paintings were exhibited in New York City, Washington, DC, Chicago and St. Louis. He also judged photographic salons. In November 1944 the Smithsonian Institution Department of Engineering and Industries curated a special exhibit of 50 of Martz's "pictorial photographs."
Martz was a Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society, the Society's highest level of distinction. He was also an Associate of the Photographic Society of America. In 1941, the Society of Ozark Photographers recognized Martz' contributions to the field of photography.
# Aurelio Chu Yi

Aurelio Chu Yi (31 January 1929 – 4 July 1998) was a Panamanian judoka. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Tokat Castle

Tokat Castle is an ancient citadel with 28 towers built on top of a rocky peak in the center of Tokat, Turkey.
While its first residents are unknown, the city's history dates back to 3,000 BC. The Hittites and Persians ruled over the area. The earliest known artifacts of the castle date back to the 5th century, and its first recorded residents were Christian groups migrating from Comana Pontica. The castle was under the control of the Byzantine Empire until its takeover by Danishmend Gazi in 1074 and eventual rule by the Great Seljuq Empire. It went through renovations in the Seljuq and Ottoman periods. Because it was used as a prison for rebels and government administrators at times, it was also called Çardar-ı Bedevi, meaning the Wild Arbor.
Vlad the Impaler (Dracula) was one of its inmates early in the 15th century when was he was imprisoned here for a short period by the Ottoman sultan Murad II. The castle is being restored and its secret passage is open to visitors.
# Nupserha variicornis

Nupserha variicornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Hintz in 1919.
# Golar LNG

Golar LNG owns and operates marine LNG infrastructure. The company had developed Floating LNG liquefaction terminal (FLNG) and Floating Storage and Regasification Unit (FSRU) projects based on the conversion of existing LNG carriers. Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) studies have now been completed for a larger newbuild FLNG solution. Golar is also collaborating with another industry leader to investigate solutions for the floating production of blue and green ammonia as well as carbon reduction in LNG production.

## History

The company was founded in 1946 as Gotaas-Larsen Shipping Company. In 1970 the company entered the LNG segment.
In 1973, the Gotaas-Larsen oil tanker SS Golar Patricia exploded and sank off the Canary Islands. With gross register tonnage of 98,894 and deadweight tonnage of 216,326 long tons (242,285 short tons; 219,797 t), it was at the time the largest ship ever lost at sea.
The Singapore-based Osprey Maritime bought the company in 1997. In 2000 the John Fredriksen-controlled World Shipholding started a take-over of Osprey, completed in 2001 when the LNG segments of Osprey were transferred to Golar LNG. It was listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange in 2001 and NASDAQ in 2002, 30 August 2012 it was delisted from Oslo Stock Exchange.
In June 2015, Golar LNG announced a joint venture with Stolt-Nielsen to pursue production and distribution opportunities. The latter also made a strategic investment in the former, acquiring a 2.3 percent stake.
Golar LNG Partners LP operates the world's first regasification vessel Golar Spirit converted from an LNG carrier.
# Tormore distillery

57°23′51.0″N 3°24′31.8″W﻿ / ﻿57.397500°N 3.408833°W﻿ / 57.397500; -3.408833
Tormore distillery is a Speyside single malt Scotch whisky distillery located approximately 1 km south of the River Spey. Its water source is the Allt an Torra Mhoir Burn.
It is currently not open to the public

## History

The Tormore distillery construction began in 1958 and was completed in 1960.
Designed by Alexander Cullen with input from Sir Albert Richardson for Long John International, it is a listed building, and one of the most architecturally striking distilleries. The building is made of granite, has copper rotors and a clock which plays four different Scottish songs each quarter of an hour. A village of workers houses were built in the same style, which was up for sale in its entirety in 2004, for offers over £550,000. The topiary hedges in the garden are also clipped to the shape of a bell or still.
In 1972, the distillery was expanded from four to eight stills. These were converted to be heated by wood chips in 1984, a by-product of area's forestry. Long John was absorbed by Whitbread & Co in 1975, and the distillery was acquired by Allied Distillers Ltd the same year. The Tormore distillery has been controlled by Pernod-Ricard since they purchased Allied Domecq in 2005 and until it was sold to Elixir Distillers in 2022.
A time capsule in the shape of a pot-still is buried in the forecourt, which is intended to be opened in 2060. It contains glasses and a tregnum of Long John, the original owners’ own blended whisky.

## Bottlings

Tormore's malt whisky is currently sold in 14 and 16 year aged versions. There are also independent bottlings from Signatory Vintage, Cadenhead's, Blackadder, That Boutique-y Whisky Company, Douglas Laing's Xtra Old Particular and Provenance. The whisky is described as "A smooth, nutty whisky which sometimes has a pear-like or melony character" by Royal Mile Whiskies.