OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1905 Brighton by-election

The 1905 Brighton by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 5 April 1905. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.
It was one of only eight ministerial by-elections in the UK not to be retained by the incumbent.

## Vacancy

Gerald Loder had been Conservative MP for the seat of Brighton since the 1889 Brighton by-election. He vacated his seat upon appointment as Lord Commissioner of the Treasury so as to seek re-election.

## Electoral history

Brighton returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system. The seat had been Conservative since they gained it in 1885. They easily held both seats at the last election:
General election January 1900 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Gerald Loder | 7,858 | 40.8 | |
| | Conservative | Bruce Vernon-Wentworth | 6,626 | 34.6 | −2.0 |
| | Ind. Conservative | J. Kensit | 4,693 | 24.5 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,933 | 10.1 | −1.6 |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,232 | 6.2 | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 19,177 | 62.2 | −12.2 |

## Candidates

The Conservatives re-selected 44-year-old Gerald Loder to defend the seat. He was private secretary to the President of the Local Government Board (Charles Ritchie) from 1888 to 1892 and to Lord George Hamilton (the Secretary of State for India) from 1896 to 1901.
The local Liberal Association selected 42-year-old Ernest Villiers as their candidate. He was ordained as an Anglican priest. After three years as a curate in Halifax, he became rector of Haveringland, Norfolk. He resigned from holy orders to pursue a political career.

## Campaign

Polling Day was fixed for 5 April 1905.

## Result

The Liberals gained the seat from the Conservatives:
Brighton by-election, 1905 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Ernest Villiers | 8,209 | 52.6 | New |
| | Conservative | Gerald Loder | 7,392 | 47.4 | −28.1 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 817 | 5.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 15,601 | 76.3 | +14.1 |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | | |

## Aftermath

At the following General Election, the Liberals gained the other seat from the Conservatives, the result was:
General election January 1906 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Ernest Villiers | 9,062 | 26.4 | N/A |
| | Liberal | Aurelian Ridsdale | 8,919 | 26.0 | N/A |
| | Conservative | George Tryon | 8,188 | 23.8 | −17.1 |
| | Conservative | John Gordon | 8,176 | 23.8 | −10.8 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 731 | 2.2 | N/A |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 886 | 2.6 | N/A |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 34,345 | 82.5 | |
# Brittenden

Brittenden is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arthur Brittenden (1924–2015), British newspaper editor
* Dick Brittenden (1919–2002), New Zealand cricket writer
* Pat Brittenden (born 1973), New Zealand broadcaster, blogger, and political commentator
# Pareuthria

Pareuthria is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cominellidae.

## Distribution

Species of Pareuthria are found in waters off of New Zealand and Argentina.

## Evolution

Pareuthria is related to the genus Cominella found in New Zealand and Australia. Pareuthria is currently recognised within the family Cominellidae but it has also previously been referred to the alternative families Buccinulidae and Buccinidae.

## Species

Species within the genus Pareuthria include:
* Pareuthria atrata (E. A. Smith, 1881)
* Pareuthria chlorotica (Martens, 1878)
* Pareuthria fuscata (Bruguière, 1789)
* Pareuthria janseni (Strebel, 1905)
* Pareuthria plicatula Thiele, 1912
* Pareuthria regulus (Watson, 1882)
* Pareuthria rosea (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1854)
* Pareuthria turriformis Egorova, 1982
* Pareuthria valdiviae (Thiele, 1925)
* Pareuthria venustula Strebel, 1905

### Species brought into synonymy

* Pareuthria campbelli (Filhol, 1880): synonym of Pareuthria fuscata (Bruguière, 1789)
* Pareuthria cerealis (Rochebrunne & Mabille, 1885): synonym of Argeneuthria cerealis (Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885)
* Pareuthria hoshiaii Numanami, 1996: synonym of Falsimohnia hoshiaii (Numanami, 1996)
* Pareuthria innocens (Smith, 1907): synonym of Falsimohnia innocens (E. A. Smith, 1907)
* Pareuthria magellanica (Phillippi, 1848): synonym of Pareuthria fuscata (Bruguière, 1789)
* Pareuthria michaelseni (Strebel, 1905): synonym of Microdeuthria michaelseni (Strebel, 1905)
* Pareuthria paessleri (Strebel, 1905): synonym of Argeneuthria paessleri (Strebel, 1905)
* Pareuthria philippii (Strebel, 1905): synonym of Argeneuthria philippii (Strebel, 1905)
* Pareuthria plumbea (Philippi, 1844): synonym of Pareuthria fuscata (Bruguière, 1789)
* Pareuthria powelli Cernohorsky, 1977: synonym of Pareuthria atrata (E. A. Smith, 1881)
* Pareuthria ringei (Strebel, 1905): synonym of Pareuthria atrata (E. A. Smith, 1881)
# In the Cut

In the Cut may refer to:
* In the Cut (novel), a 1995 novel by Susanna Moore
* In the Cut (film), a 2003 adaptation of Moore's novel, directed by Jane Campion
* In the Cut (TV series), a 2015–2020 American sitcom
* In the Cut, a 1974 album by Ray Bryant
* "In the Cut", a 2010 song by Wiz Khalifa from Kush & Orange Juice
# Margaret River Senior High School

Margaret River Senior High School is a comprehensive public co-educational high day school, located in Margaret River, a regional centre 277 kilometres (172 mi) south of Perth, Western Australia.
The school was established in 1952 and in 2019 had an enrolment of 1,026 students between Year 7 and Year 12, approximately 1% of whom were Indigenous Australians.

## History

Opened by the Director General of Education Dr Robertson in February 1955, the school operated as a junior high school with 357 students. In 1962, the primary school split from the high school and the number of enrolments fell to 264 students from Year 8 to Year 10. The school farm commenced operation in 1956. The school became a senior high school in 1995 offering a range or subjects to Year 11 and 12 students.
Enrolments at the school have been reasonably steady with 632 students enrolled in 2007, 635 in 2008, 612 in 2009, 545 in 2010, 542 in 2011 and 576 in 2012. By 2019, enrolments had increased to 1,026 students.
# Costa Hermosa

Costa Hermosa is a corregimiento in Montijo District, Veraguas Province, Panama with a population of 1,550 as of 2010. It was created by Law 42 of April 30, 2003.
# Cassina

Cassina may refer to:

## Places in Italy

* Cassina de' Pecchi, in the province of Milan
* Cassina Rizzardi, in the province of Como
* Cassina Valsassina, in the province of Lecco
* Cassina Amata, in the province of Milan
* Cassina Nuova, in the province of Milan
* Cassina, ancient name of Cascina, in the province of Pisa

## People with the surname

* Igor Cassina, Italian gymnast

## Other uses

* Ilex cassine (Dahoon Holly)
* Ilex vomitoria (Yaupon Holly)
* The black drink brewed by Native Americans of the Southeastern United States from the leaves of the Yaupon Holly
* Cassina S.p.A., manufacturer of design furniture in Milan
# Patrick Victor Osei-Hwere

Patrick Victor Osei-Hwere was a Justice of the Supreme Court of Ghana. He served on the Supreme Court bench from 1989 to 1992. Prior to his appointment to the Supreme Court, he served as an Appeal Court judge from 1984 until 1989.
As a judge, Osei-Hwere begun as a Magistrate in Accra in 1962, rising through the ranks as a Circuit Court judge in Ho, and later a High Court judge. Osei-Hwere became an Appeal Court judge in 1984 and in 1989, he was appointed to the Supreme Court bench by the PNDC government. He retired on 19 October 1992.
# Brilliance V7

The Brilliance V7 is a mid-size CUV produced by Brilliance Auto under the Zhonghua brand.

## Overview

The Brilliance V7 is essentially the 7-seat version of the Brilliance V6 that it was based on. Positioning above the Brilliance V6, the Brilliance V7 was launched during the 2017 Guangzhou Auto Show with prices ranging from 108,700 to 194,700 yuan.
# Maria Sławek

Maria Sławek (born 24 February 1988) is a Polish classical violinist, performing internationally and teaching at the Academy of Music in Kraków. Her repertoire ranges from J.S. Bach to contemporary composers.

## Biography

She received her musical education in Gdańsk and afterwards at the Academy of Music in Kraków (2006–2011), where she studied under Prof. Wiesław Kwaśny, who also supervised her doctoral thesis on Mieczysław Weinberg`s works for violin and piano in 2015. She has also taken violin lessons with Dora Schwarzberg at the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, with Kaja Danczowska, Maxim Vengerov and Wanda Wiłkomirska.
Playing chamber music Maria Sławek cooperates among others with Piotr Różański (pianist) and Marcin Zdunik (cellist), who partnered her with CD recordings. In 2020 Maria Sławek received her higher degree in arts (habilitation), equivalent with tenure.
Maria Sławek is specially interested in Mieczysław Weinberg, working on his heritage in double role of a musician and researcher. In 2020 she became a co-founder of the Mieczysław Weinberg Institute Foundation, settled in Warsaw.
She has performed in a number of European countries, as well as in the USA and Brazil. In 2017–2018 she was an artist-in-residence of the Karol Szymanowski Philharmonic in Kraków. She plays Charles François Gand`s instrument from the Nicolas Lupot`s workshop (Paris 1817).

## Discography

* Schumann, Prokofiew (with Piotr Różański, pianist), Grupa Twórcza Castello 2013 (R. Schumann, Violin Sonata in D minor No. 2 Op. 121; S. Prokofiev, Violin Sonata in F minor No. 1 Op. 80);
* Mieczysław Weinberg (with Piotr Różański, pianist), CD Accord 2014 (M. Weinberg, Sonata No. 4 for violin and piano Op. 39; Sonatina for violin and piano Op. 46; Sonata No. 5 for violin and piano Op. 53)
* Rejoice (with Marcin Zdunik, cellist), CD Accord 2019 (reedited as a double LP in 2020); works: J. S. Bach, 15 Two-Part Inventions, BWV 772-786; E. Ysayë, Sonata in A minor Op. 27 No. 2; K. Penderecki, Ciaccona in memoriam Giovanni Paolo II; S. Gubaidulina, Sonata Rejoice!.
Source.
# Iguain District

Iguain District is one of eight districts of the province Huanta in Peru.

## Ethnic groups

The people in the district are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (81.05%) learnt to speak in childhood, 18.67% of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language (2007 Peru Census).
# In the Cupboard (film)

In the Cupboard is a Nigerian drama movie featuring most top acts. The movie narrates a story about a woman who reunites with her children once again after the death of her husband. The will of her husband is read and she believes she is going to lose the trust her kids have for her because of the secret she has.
# Iswaeon anoka

Iswaeon anoka is a species of small minnow mayfly in the family Baetidae.
# Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere

The Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) is a scientific research institution at Colorado State University (CSU) that operates under a cooperative agreement with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR) and the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS). Atmospheric research at CIRA focuses on augmenting operational meteorology with advanced techniques in satellite observations and retrievals, numerical modeling and computational techniques, and data analysis, visualization, and storage. Along with NOAA, CIRA also partners with the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Park Service (NPS), and the Department of Defense (DoD).
It is one of 16 NOAA Cooperative Institutes (CIs).
Specific research themes at CIRA include:
* Satellite algorithm development, training and education
* Regional to global scale modeling systems
* Data assimilation
* Climate-weather processes
* Data distribution
* Societal and economic impacts of weather and climate
* Education and public outreach on climate systems
The CIRA campus is located on the Foothills Campus of Colorado State University, in Fort Collins.
# Medionidus acutissimus

Medionidus acutissimus, the Alabama moccasinshell, is a species of freshwater mussel in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. It is native to Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Tennessee, and possibly Florida. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States.
This aquatic bivalve mollusk is about 3 centimeters long with a thin yellow or brownish yellow shell. The nacre is mostly translucent with a salmon pink area.
This mussel is native to the Mobile River drainage, where it was once widespread. Its numbers are now low, with only one population, in the Sipsey Fork, appearing to be stable. The highest numbers are found in streams in Bankhead National Forest, where it is common in some areas. It is probably extirpated from Florida and the rivers along the Gulf Coast.
# Patterned by Nature

Patterned by Nature was commissioned by the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences in Raleigh, North Carolina. This piece was a collaboration between Hypersonic, Sosolimited, and Plebian Design. 10 feet wide and 90 feet in length, this sculptural ribbon winds through a five story atrium of the newly built Nature Research Center museum expansion. "The exhibit celebrates the abstraction of nature's infinite complexity into patterns through the scientific process. It brings to light the similarity of patterns in our universe, across all scales of space and time.", says Bill Washabaugh, one of the project designers. The ribbon is made of 3,600 tiles of individually dimmable LCD glass, and runs on a total of about 75 watts of power.
# Brilliant!

Brilliant! was a group exhibition of contemporary art held at the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, USA between 22 October 1995 and 7 January 1996. It traveled to the Contemporary Arts Museum Houston, Texas, where it was on view between 17 February and 14 April 1996.

## Theme and content

The exhibition sought to showcase a burgeoning group of English artists now known as the YBAs. The Walker's press material, defining the criteria for selection of artists in the exhibition, says:
   The artists chosen for the exhibition have become increasingly visible over the past six years in self-promoted, renegade exhibitions and publications that have cropped up throughout London. Their aesthetically diverse and provocative artworks are united by a shared interest in ephemeral materials, unconventional presentation, and an anti-authoritarian stance that lends their objects a youthful, aggressive vitality.

## Exhibited artists

* Henry Bond
* Glenn Brown
* Jake and Dinos Chapman
* Adam Chodzko
* Mat Collishaw
* Tracey Emin
* Angus Fairhurst
* Anya Gallaccio
* Liam Gillick
* Damien Hirst
* Gary Hume
* Michael Landy
* Abigail Lane
* Sarah Lucas
* Chris Ofili
* Steven Pippin
* Alessandro Raho
* Georgina Starr
* Sam Taylor-Wood
* Gillian Wearing
* Rachel Whiteread
# Brissaud's reflex

Brissaud's reflex is a clinical sign in which stroking the sole of the foot elicits contraction of tensor fasciae latae. This can occur when there is no movement of the toes, and is part of the extensor plantar response (Babinski's sign).
The sign is named after Édouard Brissaud.
# Papst

Papst may refer to:
* the German word for Pope
* ebm-papst, manufacturer of fans
# 18100

18100 may refer to:
* British Rail 18100 - a prototype gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1951
* 18100 Lebreton - a minor planet
* 18,100 - a number
# Isvoarele

Isvoarele is a commune located in Giurgiu County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Isvoarele and Teiușu. These were part of Hotarele Commune until 2004, when they were split off to form a separate commune.
# Hu Zhongzao

Hu Zhongzao (胡中藻) (1712-1755), sobriquet Jianmosheng (坚磨生), was a Qing dynasty scholar who was a disciple of the Manchu politician Ortai. During the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, Ortai and all his political allies were implicated, and Hu Zhongzao and his entire family were sentenced to death for treason and literary crimes.

## Background

Hu Zhongzao was the son of Hu Dazhi (胡大祉) and was from Xinjian County, Nanchang Prefecture, Jiangxi Province (江西南昌府新建县).
In October of the fourth year of Qianlong, Hu Zhongzao was 29 years old, so he was born in the 51st year of Kangxi (1712) at the latest.

### Career

In February of the 20th year of Qianlong, the Qianlong Emperor secretly told Wei Zhezhi (卫哲治), the governor of Guangxi, to inspect all the exam questions, poems, and evil deeds committed by Hu when he was studying politics in Guangxi, and strictly check Hu's performance. On March 13, the same year, Qianlong denounced Hu Zhongzao for "complaining" about "things humankind should not have".
Scholar Han Zhanke (翰詹科) said that Hu violated the law and should be sentenced to lingchi.
Hu escaped the more severe sentence of lingchi, but was beheaded in 1755. At this time, Hu Zhongzao's father, son, wife, concubine, and daughter-in-law died one after another. Their property was confiscated, but they had little money at home: only 3,000 taels of silver and 70 stones. The case was tied back to Ortai as Hu Zhongzao was Ortai's disciple, and Ortai's memorial tablet was ordered to be withdrawn from Xianliang Temple on charges of forming "private cliques" (私立朋党). Ortai's nephew, Ocang (鄂昌), was forced to commit suicide. Generally, historians believe that the Hu Zhongzao case was a means to crack down on private cliques.
Hu Zhongzao's poem "A handful of hearts are turbid and clear" (“一把心肠论浊清”) was used as evidence of his rebellion as he put the character zhuo (浊), meaning 'murky', before Qing (清), the same character referring to the Qing dynasty.
# John Hirt

John Hirt OAM (born 1943) is an Australian pastor, educator, and one of the leaders of the radical discipleship movement in Australia.

## Education

Hirt attended the NSW Baptist Theological College, where he obtained the Licentiate in Theology, and was subsequently ordained as a Baptist minister. Later he studied in the Department of Studies in Religion, at the University of Sydney, where he obtained a Doctor of Philosophy degree.

## Professional career

Hirt was one of the founders of the House of the New World in Sydney, described by one church historian as “a Christian counter-cultural experiment”. He has pastored at Avalon Peace Baptist Church and Leichhardt Uniting Church, has served as a University Chaplain and theological lecturer, and has been instrumental in developing various Christian training programmes.
John was the University Chaplain at the University of Sydney for 20 years. During this time he started the denominational group the Uniting Church in Australia Tertiary Students Association (UCATSA) and then the new group Christian Students Uniting (CSU). In 2004 he founded the School of Discipleship, which organizes seminars and conferences in Sydney, and he is currently a leader of the Radical Discipleship Network.

## Activism

Hirt has been a campaigner for many years on issues of peace, nuclear disarmament, and social justice, and he has linked this with the notion of radical Christian discipleship. In 1985, the Avalon Peace Baptist Church, at which he was then pastor, had a brick thrown through a glass pane of a door , as a result his advocacy for refugees from Central America.
His family have also joined him in his activism, notably his wife Carol who is the Manager of Epworth House for students at Leichhart Uniting Church,
His son is Jono Hirt who is the Sydney Presbytery Communications Manager.

## Recognition

On 26 January 2016, Hirt was admitted as a Member of the Order of Australia, in recognition of “significant service to the Uniting Church in Australia, particularly through theological direction, to youth, and to the community”.

## Publications

* Hirt, J.A. 1988. Radical Discipleship: Narrative Theology towards the History and Theological Implications of the House of the New World. The Baptist Recorder. No.4/88. pp. 7–10.
* Hirt, J.A. 1998. Radical Discipleship: Towards the Theology and Sociopolitical Implications. PhD thesis. University of Sydney.
* Hirt, J. A. 2002. Catechetical Evangelism as Radical Discipleship in the Mission of the Church. In: D. Neville (Ed.). Prophecy and Passion: Essays in Honours of Athol Gill. (300-325). Adelaide: Australian Theological Forum.
# John P. Woodridge

John P. Woodridge is an American Army officer who served in World War II in the Philippines. He was known as commander 81st Field Artillery Regiment that fought Japanese in Mindanao in May 1942. He was POW and he boarded a hell ship to be taken to Mukden, Manchuria but was bombed and he went missing. He was promoted to full Colonel posthumously in 1945.

## Career

He was assigned as senior instructor to 81st Field Artillery Regiment based in Bohol, attached to 81st Infantry Division. In January 1942, he was ordered to assumed to command of the regiment and ordered to transfer the regiment to Mindanao. Upon arrival his regiment was placed under the new unit 102nd Infantry Division under Colonel William P. Morse.
On May 6, 1942 Kawamura Detachment invaded northern Mindanao and both 81st Field Artillery and 61st Field Artillery assigned to defend northern Misamis was pushed back due to combined air and naval support of the landing force. Without a single gun themselves they retreated towards Sayre Highway.
81st Field Artillery retreated towards Sayre Highway and prepared a new defensive line in Mangima Grand Canyon. After Japanese breached Mangima Canyon 81st Field Artillery and others units retreated to Somilao Sector and posted in Dalirig. Last Japanese incursion in the line on the night on May 10, 1942, although Mindanao Force troops successfully repulsed it they took heavy casualties. By dawn orders came to surrender at daybreak of May 12, 1942. All US and Filipino troops assembled in Camp Casisang, Malaybalay, Bukidnon.
All Americans was held while Filipino soldiers were released in August 1942. Americans was brought to Luzon in preparation to be transferred to Japan. Woodridge among them was boarded in one of the hell ship that was bombed by American planes on the way to Formosa in January 1945. He was lost in the sea and never found.
Woodridge was posthumously promoted to Colonel and was put in the Walls of Missing in Manila American Cemetery at Fort Bonifacio, Philippines.
# Cochin Refineries Limited Ground

Cochin Refineries Limited Ground or CRL Ground is a multi purpose stadium in Ambalamugal, Kochi, Kerala. The ground is mainly used for organizing matches of football, cricket and other sports. The ground is owned and managed by Cochin Refineries Limited. The ground has a capacity of 3,000 and School End, Fact End are two ends of the ground.
The stadium has hosted a Ranji Trophy match in November 1992 when Kerala cricket team played against Goa cricket team until 1989 but since then the stadium has hosted non-first-class matches.