# German submarine U-593

German submarine U-593 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. She was laid down on 17 December 1940 by Blohm & Voss in Hamburg as yard number 569, launched on 3 September 1941 and commissioned on 23 October under Kapitänleutnant Gerd Kelbling.
The boat's service began on 23 October 1941 with training as part of the 8th U-boat Flotilla. She was transferred to the 7th flotilla on 1 March 1942 and moved on to the 29th flotilla on 1 November.

## Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-593 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-593 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.

## Service history

U-593 made 16 patrols between March 1942 and December 1943, and sank 13 ships, for a total of 38,290 GRT and 2,954 tons. She made three patrols in the Atlantic from her base in Germany and from St Nazaire in occupied France, and sank three ships. She briefly clashed with British forces on their way to the St Nazaire Raid in March 1942. In October U-593 transferred to the Mediterranean and from various bases there made a further 13 patrols, sinking 8 merchant ships and 4 naval vessels, before being sunk in December 1943.

## Fate

U-593 departed Toulon on 1 December 1943 for her 16th war patrol. On 12 December she intercepted convoy KMS 34, outbound from Gibraltar, off the coast of Algeria. Making an attack she hit the escorting destroyer Tynedale, but was pursued by other escorts who engaged in a Swamp operation. During the 32 hour hunt U-593 torpedoed Holcombe, one of her pursuers, but was caught by the destroyers Wainwright and Calpe off Bougie, Algeria. In the afternoon of 13 December she was forced to the surface with depth charges and abandoned. All her crew escaped, and were picked up by the Allied ships.

## Wolfpacks

In addition she took part in three wolfpacks, namely:
* Steinbrinck (3 – 11 August 1942)
* Lohs (11 – 17 August 1942)
* Tümmler (3 – 11 October 1942)

## Summary of raiding history

| Date | Ship Name | Nationality | Tonnage | Fate |
| 14 May 1942 | Stavros | Greece | 4,853 | Damaged |
| 25 May 1942 | Persephone | Panama | 8,426 | Total loss |
| 5 August 1942 | Spar | Netherlands | 3,616 | Sunk |
| 12 November 1942 | Browning | United Kingdom | 5,332 | Sunk |
| 18 March 1943 | Dafila | United Kingdom | 1,940 | Sunk |
| 18 March 1943 | Kaying | United Kingdom | 2,626 | Sunk |
| 27 March 1943 | City of Guildford | United Kingdom | 5,157 | Sunk |
| 11 April 1943 | Runo | United Kingdom | 1,858 | Sunk |
| 22 June 1943 | USS LST-333 | United States Navy | 1,625 | Total loss |
| 22 June 1943 | USS LST-387 | United States Navy | 1,625 | Damaged |
| 5 July 1943 | Devis | United Kingdom | 6,054 | Sunk |
| 5 July 1943 | HMS LCM-1123 | Royal Navy | 52 | Sunk |
| 5 July 1943 | HMS LCM-1129 | Royal Navy | 52 | Damaged |
| 21 September 1943 | William W. Gerhard | United States | 7,176 | Sunk |
| 7 September 1943 | USS Skill | United States Navy | 815 | Sunk |
| 3 November 1943 | Mont Viso | Free France | 4,531 | Sunk |
| 12 December 1943 | HMS Tynedale | Royal Navy | 1,000 | Sunk |
| 12 December 1943 | HMS Holcombe | Royal Navy | 1,087 | Sunk |