OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hardcastle & Richards

Hardcastle & Richards Pty Ltd (1952 - ?) (H&R) is a consulting engineering company which was established by Roy T. Hardcastle AO and Harold Charles Richards AM in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia in 1952.

## Origin

Both Roy Hardcastle (who obtained his BCE at the University of Melbourne in 1948) and Harold Richards were major contributors to the Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne for over 50 years as educators and donors as visiting alumni and in the case of Richards, Associate Professor. Their involvement began in 1962 when Richards recalled: ‘Professor Francis at the University invited us in 1962 to participate in his students’ final year projects...I think this was an industry first.’

## Philanthropy

Harold and Roy have been consistent donors to the School of Engineering. Harold also donated to International House, while Roy was a member of the University of Melbourne Committee of Convocation, and a regular attendee at Heritage Society events. Roy Hardcastle was awarded the Ray Tonkin Award by the Heritage Council of Victoria for volunteer services to heritage in Melbourne during National Heritage Week in April 2012, in recognition of more than 40 years of voluntary service to industrial and engineering heritage. Hardcastle was a member of the Government Building Advisory Council from 1972 and a founding member of the Historic Buildings Preservation Council in 1974, representing Engineers Australia until 1985.

## Takeover

The company was taken over by Dames & Moore in 1995 at a time it had grown to about 130 staff under Managing Director Russell Smith. At this time it had offices in Melbourne, Perth, Sydney, and Broken Hill, Australia, as well as operations in Jakarta, Indonesia and had net revenues of A$8.6 million. The firm was involved in '...multidisciplinary engineering and project management services for the mining, infrastructure and industrial markets plus offshore structural and process engineering for the oil and gas sector', However, the company had ceased by 2006 when it was last listed at 616 St Kilda Road, Melbourne. However, the Broken Hill division was taken over by the US URS Corporation and continues to operate serving the mining industry.

## Patents

The company holds patents for a Reciprocating feeder feed ejector and a Haulage system for pit mining.

## Projects

* Tharwa Bridge New South Wales, 1978.
* Sunbury Community Facilities, 1976.
* Ore Haulage Facilities at Z.C. Mines, Broken Hill 1988
* Noojee trestle bridge, 1989.
* Deborah Reef project, 1989,
# Éire Óg GAA (Carlow)

Éire Óg are a GAA club based in Carlow town. The club are solely involved in the sport of gaelic football, fielding teams across all underage categories as well as adult competitions. Formed in 1958, the club has enjoyed tremendous success on the field and are one of the most successful clubs in the history of Carlow GAA. They have won the Carlow Senior Football Championship 31 times, the Leinster Senior Club Football Championship 5 times and were All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship runners up in 1993 and 1996. In November 2024, it was announced that former players Richard Mahon and Cormac Mullins would be taken over the Eire Og senior team for the upcoming 2025 season.

## History
### Honours

* Carlow Senior Football Championship 31: 1960, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1974, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2012 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2023
* Leinster Senior Club Football Championship 5: 1992-93, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99
* All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship Runners up: 1993, 1996

## Notable players

* Vinny Harvey
* Leo Turley
# Jack Klaff

Jack Klaff is a South African-born actor, writer and academic. He has held professorships at Princeton University and Starlab.
Amongst his early screen roles were in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977) as Red Four and For Your Eyes Only (1981) as Apostis. He also appeared in the 1984-87 BBC radio comedy series Delve Special alongside Stephen Fry.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1976 | Space: 1999 | Launch Pad Security Guard | 3 episodes |
| 1977 | Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope | John D. Branon (Red Four) | |
| 1981 | For Your Eyes Only | Apostis | |
| 1982 | The Hunchback of Notre Dame | Officer | TV movie |
| 1985 | King David | Jonathan | |
| 1987 | Vanity Fair | Rawdon Crawley | TV miniseries |
| 1990 | 1871 | Cluseret | |
| 1991 | The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes | The Hon. Philip Green | The Disappearance of Lady Frances Carfax |
| 1991 | Chernobyl: The Final Warning | Dr Pieter Claasen | TV movie |
| 1991 | Red Dwarf | Abraham Lincoln | 1 episode |
| 1995 | Ghosts | Trevor | 1 episode |
| 1998 | Cadfael | Lord Eudo Blount | The Potter's Field |
| 2004 | Hotet | McBready | |
| 2009 | Elemental Storage | Professor Phillip Hargrave | |
# Expert Reviews

Expert Reviews is a consumer product reviews website, launched in 2010 by the British magazine publisher Dennis Publishing.

## History

Dennis Publishing launched Expert Reviews as a consumer technology review site in February 2010 initially covering products such as laptops and TVs. In 2014, new sections were added, expanding the site's coverage to include products like coffee machines and vacuum cleaners. In July 2018, it was included as part of the sale of Dennis Publishing to Exponent, a British private equity firm. Expert Reviews was one of four Dennis titles, alongside Cyclist, Fortean Times and Viz, that Exponent retained when Future plc acquired Dennis Publishing in 2021.
In 2022, it was reported by Insider that Expert Reviews had been acquired by MVF, a global customer generation platform.

## Content

Product reviews from Expert Reviews have been cited by ITV, BBC, The Guardian and The Daily Telegraph, with the latter noting the brand's testing methodology.
Contributors and previous staff include the co-founder of Trusted Reviews and current or former editors at Tom's Guide, Mumsnet, What Hi-Fi? and Tech Advisor.
Expert Reviews conducts consumer research, including an annual Sleep Survey and has run Remote Working Awards.

## Recognition

Expert Reviews won the B2C Digital Product award at The Drum Online Media Awards in 2017 and was shortlisted at the Professional Publishers Association's PPA Awards in 2023.
# Peter Kažimír

Peter Kažimír (born 28 June 1968 in Košice, Czechoslovakia) is a Slovak central banker and former politician, currently serving as the governor of the National Bank of Slovakia (NBS). He previously served as the country's Finance Minister under prime ministers Robert Fico and Peter Pellegrini. He was a senior member of the social-democratic SMER-SD party, but left the party after assuming the governorship of NBS.

## Early life

Kažimír studied International Commerce at the University of Economics in Bratislava. After graduation, he worked in the private sector as a tax advisor at the firm Schubert & partners. Since early 2000s, he held board-level executive positions at various companies, including VIVANT, Sceptrum Brno, PARTA – GAS, MATTI and DDP Credit Suisse Life & Pensions.

## Political career
### State Secretary and MP

In 2006, Kažimír became the State Secretary at the Ministry of Finance. At the same time, he sat on the board of National Nuclear Fund for Decommissioning of Nuclear Installations (NJF). Following the defeat of Direction-Social Democracy (SMER-SD) in 2010 Slovak parliamentary election, Kažimír shortly served as MP. After 2012 Slovak parliamentary election when SMER-SD returned to power, Kažimír became the Minister of Finance.

### Minister of Finance

In 2015, Kažimír was part of a team that secured the investment of Jaguar Land Rover in a £1bn plant, beating off stiff competition from Poland and Mexico.
According to Financial Times, Kažimír developed a strong record on managing Slovakia's public finances since taking office. He earned respect for keeping budget deficits under control and became known for his tough stance in the Eurozone's negotiations with debt-plagued Greece.
By November 2017, Kažimír submitted his formal application for succeeding Jeroen Dijsselbloem as the next chairman of the Eurogroup. During the vote on 4 December, he withdrew after the first round and Mário Centeno was eventually elected to the post.
Kažimír was accused for bribery, however the supreme court sparred him from trial.

## Central Bank Governorship

In December 2019, the National Council approved Kažimír as the government's nominee to succeed Jozef Makúch in the office of the president of the National Bank of Slovakia. He took up the post on 1 June 2019.

### International organizations

* European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (2012–2019)
* Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), World Bank Group, Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (2012–2019) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), World Bank Group.
* World Bank, Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (2012–2019)

## Personal life

Kažimír has been married to Katarína Korecká since 2008. They have two children together. He is protective of his private life.
# Bob Leman

Robert J. Leman (1922 – August 8, 2006) was an American science fiction and horror short story author, most associated with The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction. He was not published until he was 45, but had been a member of First Fandom before that.
His best-known story is "Window", which has often been reprinted and which was nominated for the Nebula Award for Best Short Story of 1980. It was adapted for an episode of Night Visions, directed by and starring Bill Pullman.
All of Leman's published stories—including the previously unpublished "How Dobbstown Was Saved", which was to have appeared in the Harlan Ellison anthology The Last Dangerous Visions—are collected in the volume Feesters in the Lake and Other Stories (Seattle: Midnight House, 2002. ISBN 0-9707349-5-6). His story "Instructions" was reprinted in chapbook form in 2001 by Tachyon Publications
Several of Leman's stories were translated, illustrated and published in the Polish monthly science fiction magazine Fantastyka in 1990, with a short introductory note from the author.
Leman graduated from the University of Illinois with a degree in political science after he returned from service in Europe, as a field artillery officer, during World War II.
# Trusted Reviews

Trusted Reviews is a web publication focused on technology, published in London, UK by Trusted Reviews Limited.

## History

Trusted Reviews was founded in 2003 by Hugh Chappell and Riyad Emeran as a response to the decline in sales of computer reviews magazines. Launched to provide a web only product for increasingly internet-literate users, access was deliberately made free to compete with paid-for magazine subscriptions. The website covers the consumer technology market, focusing on mobile phones, TV and audio visual equipment and computing.
In 2007, the-then IPC Media bought Trusted Reviews in order to expand its digital operations.
In 2010, Cliff Jones was appointed editor of Trusted Reviews.
In 2012, Evan Kypreos was appointed editor.
In 2018, Nick Merritt was appointed Editor-in-Chief.
Prior to Meredith purchasing Time Inc., Trusted Reviews was regularly featured as a contributor to Time Magazine.
In 2020, Future plc (owner of competitor TechRadar) acquired TI Media, the then-parent company of Trusted Reviews and then sold Trusted Reviews to Incisive Media.
As of 2023, Trusted Reviews is no longer owned by Incisive Media and is run independently as part of Trusted Reviews Limited.
In August 2023 they announced the acquisition of Wareable Media Group.
# Mhaw Palin

Mhaw Palin (Burmese: မှော်ပလ္လင်) is a 2021 Burmese horror drama television series. It aired on MRTV-4, from January 27 to March 4, 2021, on Mondays to Fridays at 19:00 for 26 episodes.

## Cast

* Han Htoo Zen as Satkyar
* Myat Thu Thu as Sandara
* Zu Zu Zan as Pan Myat
* May Akari Htoo as Phyu Lay
* Kyaw Htet as Maung Min
* Kaung Myat as Nay Pyin
# Vratnica

Vratnica (Macedonian: Вратница) is a small village and community located in the Jegunovce Municipality of North Macedonia. Vratnica lies in the north-west, and is 22 km away from the city of Tetovo and 5 km away from Jažince - the border crossing point with Kosovo. Prior to 2003 Vratnica was the centre of the now disestablished Vratnica municipality.
It is situated in the upper part of the Polog plain, at the foothills of northern part of Šar Mountain, under the Ljuboten peak. The village lies at 700–760 meters above the sea level.

## History

Vratnica was mentioned for the first time in Ottoman defters (tax registry and land cadastre) dating back to the 15th century. It was recorded that there were about 59 families living in Vratnica. In the defter labeled 4 for the years 1467/68 the number of houses had increased to 66, while in 1545 there is a record of 76 houses, and in 1568 there were 84 houses registered.
The village underwent migrations and settlement until the 18th century, and in the 20th century, there was extensive chain migration to the United States. In 1914/1916, the total population of Vratnica was 1,131 with 131 houses; in 1948, there were 1,299 inhabitants and 197 houses; in 1953, there were 1,387 inhabitants and 214 houses; in 1961, the respective numbers were 1,384 and 227; in 1968, 1,240 and 225; and, in 1971, 1,082 inhabitants and 266 houses.
During the 2001 War between Albanian insurgents and the Macedonian state, Vratnica was besieged by the NLA. In 2005 Albanians opened fire on the local police station.

## Demographics

Vratnica consists of mainly Macedonians and some Serbs.
The South Slavic-speaking community is divided between Macedonian and Serbian ethnic identification, although the majority identify as ethnic Macedonians, as indicated in the most recent censuses. Most of the Vratnicani who consider themselves to be Serbian reside in the United States; however, there are still many Vratnicani in the United States who are Macedonian. Although all practice Orthodox traditions, the Vratnicani who consider themselves as Serbian in the United States identify as members of the Serbian Orthodox Church, while Vratnicani who are Macedonian identify with the Macedonian Orthodox Church.
In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village of Vratnica was inhabited by 780 Orthodox Bulgarians.
In 1961, there were 1,384 inhabitants living in Vratnica. However, by 1994 the population had decreased to 572, of which 522 were Macedonians, 33 were Serbs, and 17 others.
According to the Macedonian census 2002, the ethnic groups in the village are:
* Macedonians 482
* Serbs 20
* others 3

## Notable people

Notable people of Vratnican descent.
* Ane Mihailovich, footballer
* Sasho Cirovski, football coach
* Slavko Milosavlevski, sociologist
* Ed Jovanovski, NHL hockey player

## Regular Events

* Traditional Mayday Tournament "VRATNICA" - (May 1). One of the biggest sport events in the Polog region. The tournament includes football and streetball (basketball) competition. In the past handball was also played.
# Oxychilus agostinhoi

Oxychilus agostinhoi is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Oxychilidae, the glass snails. This species is endemic to Azores islands (Portugal).
# Paddy Ryan (hurler)

Paddy "Sweeper" Ryan (1 April 1912 – 31 December 1991) was an Irish hurler who played as a left corner-forward for the Tipperary senior team.
Ryan made his first appearance for the team during the 1934 championship and was a regular member of the starting fifteen until his retirement after the 1945 championship. During that time he won two All-Ireland medals and one Munster medal.
At club level Hayes was a five-time county championship medalist with Moycarkey–Borris.
# Hedwig Leenaert

Hedwig Leenaert (28 November 1931 – 19 June 2017) was a Belgian long-distance runner. He competed in the men's 5000 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Barrel of Butter

The Barrel of Butter, formerly known as Carlin Skerry, is a skerry in Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands.

## Geography and geology

The rock is old red sandstone of the Devonian period. There is no soil of any significance on it.
Located in Scapa Flow, between Mainland and Cava, it has a section permanently above sea level. It is to the north east of Cava, and south of Orphir. It is also north of Flotta.

## History

Formerly known as Carlin Skerry, the rock gained its strange name, not from its shape, or position, as is often the case, but from the annual rent paid on it, by the residents of Orphir. In return for a barrel of butter per year, they gained permission from the local laird to hunt the seals on it.
On 21 June 1919, the waters between the Barrel of Butter and Cava became full of scuttled German ships, including the SMS Bayern, Markgraf, Cöln, Dresden and König. Some of these are still popular with divers.
# Zaw Weik

Zaw Weik (7 March 1911 – 25 November 2000) was a Burmese weightlifter who represented India. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1946, he formed the Burma Olympic Committee.
# Akysis vespa

Akysis vespa is a species of fish in the family Akysidae, the stream catfishes. It is endemic to Burma, where it occurs in the Ataran River drainage. This species was described to science in 2004.
This fish reaches up to about 3.1 centimeters in maximum length. The species name vespa ("wasp") refers to its pattern of yellow-orange and brown stripes and the sting it can inflict with its spines.
Little is known about the biology of the species. It is sometimes collected for ornamental use in aquaria.
# Habana Blues

Havana Blues (Habana Blues) is a 2005 Spanish-Cuban film directed and co-written by Benito Zambrano which tells the story of two young musicians in Cuba. The film revolves around their music and contains criticism of problems in Cuba such as poverty and electricity outages. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.
The two musicians, Ruy and Tito (Yoel and San Martín), whose music is a mix of traditional Cuban music and more modern music such as rap, get a chance at an international breakthrough through a Spanish record company, but they would have to change their Cuba-themed lyrics to cater to an international audience. Ruy considers this a betrayal of his country and his art, whereas Tito recognizes the financial necessity of it. At the same time, Ruy is dealing with the fact that his children and their mother Caridad (Sierra) are leaving for the United States. Art versus commerce, nationalism versus globalism, and communism versus capitalism are some of the themes of the film.

## Cast

* Alberto Yoel - Ruy (as Alberto Yoel García)
* Roberto San Martín - Tito
* Yailene Sierra - Caridad
* Mayra Rodríguez - Lucía
* Ernesto Escalona - Carlitos
* Marta Calvó - Marta
* Roger Pera - Lorenzo
* Osvaldo Doimeadiós - Ruber
* Zenia Marabal - Luz María
* Laris Vega - Betty
* Jorge Alí - Nelson (as Jorge Ali Pérez)
* Félix Pérez - René
* Aurora Basnuevo - Estrellita
* Tomás Cao - Álex (as Tomás A. Cao)
* Giordano Serrano - Giordano
# Grenada at the 2024 Summer Paralympics

Grenada competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France, from 28 August to 8 September 2024. The delegation consisted of two competitors from one sport.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Athletics | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Total | 1 | 1 | 2 |

## Athletics

| Athlete | Event | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank |
| Ishona Charles | Women's shot put F46 | 9.30 PB | 13 |
| Ishona Charles | Women's javelin throw F46 | 30.66 PB | 11 |
| Tyler Smith | Men's shot put F63 | 8.07 PB | 9 |
# The Marshall

The Marshall is a 3,180-metre (10,430-foot) mountain summit located in Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park, in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Assiniboine, 3.0 km (1.9 mi) to the east-southeast. The mountain is situated west of Wedgwood Peak.

## History

The mountain was named in 1913 by the Interprovincial Boundary Survey due to its "leading" position. It was alternately known as Centurion Peak since "centurion" was a Roman commanding officer, synonymous with "Field marshal", a commander of military forces.
The first ascent of The Marshall was made in 1919 by Val Fynn with Rudolph Aemmer as guide.
The mountain's name was officially adopted March 31, 1924, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

## Geology

The Marshall is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Cambrian period. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, The Marshall is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. Precipitation runoff from The Marshall drains into tributaries of the Mitchell River.

## Gallery

* The Marshall from Cerulean Lake
# Konstantin Kastrioti (died 1390)

Kostandin Kastrioti Mazreku (died ca. 1390) was an Albanian regional ruler in parts of the wider Mat and Dibër areas. He is the first Kastrioti to be known by his full name and the progenitor of all members of the family. His son was Pal Kastrioti (also attested with other names), grandfather of the Albanian national hero, Skanderbeg.

## Historiography

The historical figure of Kostandin Kastrioti Mazreku is attested in Giovanni Andrea Angelo Flavio Comneno's Genealogia diversarum principum familiarum . The mythological ancient lineages produced by Angelo in his writings are fictional constructions, which he wrote in the context of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George, but medieval biographies are considered reliable as they are corroborated and reproduced in others sources and have been compared with archival material in contemporary research. Angelo mentions Kastrioti as Constantinus Castriotus, cognomento Meserechus, Aemathiae & Castoriae Princeps (Constantinus Castriotus, surnamed Meserechus, Prince of Aemathia and Castoria. Angelo used the cognomen Meserechus in reference to Skanderbeg and this link to the same name is produced in other sources and reproduced in later ones like Du Cange's Historia Byzantina (1680). The term princeps is generally used in the context of "ruler", not as a specific title and highlights that he was a ruler in a region which included parts of the wider Mat ("Aemathia") and "Kastoria" (interpreted as a location between Has and Dibra) areas, the power base of the Kastrioti family in the time of Gjon and Gjergj Kastrioti (better known as Skanderbeg). In relation to the toponym "Kastoria", Kastriot, Kastrat in Has, Kastrat in Dibra or the microtoponym "Kostur" near the village of Mazrek in the Has region has been suggested as a possible location. The cognomen Meserechus (Mazreku) has been a subject of interest in historiography as it links the Kastrioti family to a Mazreku tribe (fis) as one of its branches/brotherhoods.
These links highlight that the Kastrioti used Mazreku as a name that highlighted their tribal affiliation (farefisni). They don't indicate, however, that the name was ever used as a "second surname". The name Mazrek(u), which means horse breeder in Albanian, is found throughout all Albanian regions. The various geographical links of the Kastrioti to one particular Mazrek settlement are difficult to establish with certainty as the toponym appears in widespread diffusion across many subregions historically related to the family. A Mazrek(u) settlement linked to the Kastrioti appears near medieval Drisht, where even in the 17th century two figures named Kastrioti appear: a Pjetër Kastrioti and his daughter, Ana Katerina Kastrioti. Historian Paolo Petta has noted that the links to the historical Kastrioti family are preserved in the oral traditions of the Mazreku tribe in northern Albania.