OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2023 Maia Challenger

The 2023 Maia Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Maia, Portugal from 27 November to 3 December 2023.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| POR | Nuno Borges | 79 | 1 |
| ESP | Albert Ramos Viñolas | 96 | 2 |
| FRA | Benoît Paire | 129 | 3 |
| ITA | Fabio Fognini | 131 | 4 |
| SWE | Elias Ymer | 159 | 5 |
| ITA | Andrea Vavassori | 167 | 6 |
| FRA | Calvin Hemery | 190 | 7 |
| ITA | Riccardo Bonadio | 204 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 20 November 2023.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Jaime Faria
* Francisco Rocha
* Duarte Vale
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Pedro Araújo
* Karl Friberg
* Tom Gentzsch
* Andrea Guerrieri
* Anton Matusevich
* Alexey Vatutin
The following players received entry as lucky losers:
* Miguel Damas
* Stefanos Sakellaridis

## Champions
### Singles

* Nuno Borges def. Benoît Paire 6–1, 6–4.

### Doubles

* Marco Bortolotti / Andrea Vavassori def. Fernando Romboli / Szymon Walków 6–4, 3–6, [12–10].
# Gadap Town

Gadap Town (Urdu: گڈاپ ٹاؤن ) is an administrative subdivision of Malir District in the northwestern part of Karachi with the Hub River on its western limits also forming the provincial border between Sindh and Balochistan, while to the north and east are Jamshoro District and the Kirthar Mountains.
The amended 2022 Local Election Act introduced by the Sindh government had notified the town system in Karachi. Gadap Town, one of the three Towns of Malir District, comprises subdivision Gadap, Shah Mureed, Ibrahim Hyderi and parts of Bin-Qasim.
# Two Fathers (film)

Two Fathers is a 1944 British wartime propaganda short film made by the Crown Film Unit, a division of the Ministry of Information, and directed by Anthony Asquith.

## Plot

An Englishman (Bernard Miles) and a Frenchman (Paul Bonifas) find themselves sharing a room in a hotel in an unidentified English location, and fall into conversation. The Englishman's son is in the Royal Air Force, and when the Frenchman shows him a photograph of his daughter, the Englishman remarks that it is less worrisome to have a daughter than a son at this time of war. The Frenchman replies that his daughter, a nurse by profession, is currently an active member of the Maquis. The Englishman says that he has received news that his son was forced to bail out of his plane over France the previous day, and the Frenchman observes that there are many thousands of French men and women who will risk their own safety to help a downed British airman.
# Cissy van Bennekom

Cissy van Bennekom (alternate spellings: Ciccy v. Bennekom and Cissij van Bennekom) was a Dutch comedy actress. She was born in Haarlem in the Netherlands on 11 July 1911 and died of natural causes on 1 March 2005 in Amsterdam.

## Filmography

* The Tars, (1934)
* De Jantjes (1934)
* Op Hoop van Zegen, (1934)
* De Familie van mijn Vrouw, (1935)
* De Vier Mullers, (1935)
* T' was een April, (1935)
* Op een Avond in Mei, (1936)
* Amsterdam bij nacht (1937) [nl]
* De Spooktrein, (1939)
# 1384 Kniertje

1384 Kniertje, provisional designation 1934 RX, is a dark Adeonian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 September 1934, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa. The asteroid was named after a character in the Dutch play Op Hoop van Zegen by Herman Heijermans.

## Orbit and classification

Kniertje is a member of the Adeona family (505), a large family of carbonaceous asteroids in the central main belt, named after 145 Adeona. It is also dynamically classified as a member of the Eunomia family (502), the largest in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 stony asteroids.$^{:23}$
The asteroid orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.2–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,599 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg in 1934.

## Physical characteristics

Kniertje's spectral type is unknown. Although the LCDB assumes an S-type (due to its dynamical classification to the stony Eunomia family), a low albedo of 0.0701 is derived (see below) which is typical for carbonaceous C-type asteroids and in agreement with the overall spectral type of the Adeona family (505).$^{:23}$

### Rotation period

Several rotational lightcurves of Kniertje have been obtained from photometric observations since 2003. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period between 9.78 and 9.872 hours with a brightness variation between 0.15 and 0.32 magnitude (U=2/2/2/2/2). An alternative period solution of 12.255 hours with an amplitude of 0.33 magnitude was found by Brian Warner in March 2006 (U=2).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Kniertje measures between 21.52 and 29.592 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0351 and 0.3077.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0701 and a diameter of 26.59 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.38.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after the principal character in Op Hoop van Zegen, a play by Dutch writer Herman Heijermans (1864–1924). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 125).
# Western Approaches (film)

Western Approaches is a 1944 docufiction film directed by Pat Jackson and was Crown Film Unit's first Technicolor production. The music is by Clifton Parker.
It is the fictional account of 22 British Merchant Navy sailors adrift in a lifeboat. They are able to signal by Morse code their position. A nearby U-boat receives the signal along with a friendly vessel which changes course to go to their rescue. The captain of the U-boat decides to wait in ambush with its two remaining torpedoes. Before the rescue ship arrives, the U-boat's periscope is spotted by the lifeboat. The U-boat fires its torpedoes just as the rescue vessel is alerted to the U-boat's presence.
Although set in the North Atlantic, much of it was shot in the Irish Sea. Sailors rather than professional actors were used.
Trade papers reported that the film among those "doing well" at the British box office in 1945.
# The Whispering Skull (film)

The Whispering Skull is a 1944 American Western film, directed by Elmer Clifton and written by Harry L. Fraser. The film stars: Tex Ritter, Dave O'Brien, Guy Wilkerson, Denny Burke, I. Stanford Jolley and Henry Hall. The film was released on December 29, 1944, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

## Plot

In the old west, someone is killing people in the middle of the night. Multiple murders by a mysterious killer known as "the Whispering Skull". It's up to Tex Haines, played by good-guy Tex Ritter, to lead the Texas Rangers and capture the midnight marauder.

## Cast

* Tex Ritter as Tex Haines
* Dave O'Brien as Dave Wyatt
* Guy Wilkerson as Panhandle Perkins
* Denny Burke as Ellen Jackson
* I. Stanford Jolley as Duke Walters
* Henry Hall as Judge Polk
* George Morrell as Sheriff Marvin Jackson
* Ed Cassidy as Doc Humphrey
* Bob Kortman as Joe Carter
* Wen Wright as Mike Coram
# 2000 Virginia Cavaliers football team

The 2000 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia during the 2000 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team's head coach was George Welsh, who retired from coaching after the season. They played their home games at Scott Stadium in Charlottesville, Virginia.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | TV | Result | Attendance |
| September 2 | 3:30 pm | BYU* | Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA (Jim Thorpe Classic) | ABC | L 35–38 $^{OT}$ | 60,435 |
| September 9 | 3:30 pm | Richmond* | Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA | | W 34–6 | 50,285 |
| September 16 | 6:00 pm | at Duke | Wallace Wade StadiumDurham, NC | | W 26–10 | 18,776 |
| September 23 | 3:30 pm | No. 11 Clemson | Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA | ABC | L 10–31 | 60,695 |
| September 30 | 6:30 pm | at Wake Forest | Groves StadiumWinston-Salem, NC | | W 27–10 | 20,151 |
| October 7 | 12:00 pm | Maryland | Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA (rivalry) | JPS | W 31–23 | 53,655 |
| October 21 | 3:30 pm | at No. 6 Florida State | Doak Campbell StadiumTallahassee, FL (Jefferson-Eppes Trophy) | ABC | L 3–37 | 79,121 |
| October 28 | 12:00 pm | North Carolina | Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA (South's Oldest Rivalry) | JPS | W 17–6 | 56,692 |
| November 9 | 8:00 pm | at Georgia Tech | Bobby Dodd StadiumAtlanta, GA | ESPN | L 0–35 | 41,885 |
| November 18 | 2:30 pm | NC State | Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA | | W 24–17 | 55,861 |
| November 25 | 7:30 pm | at No. 6 Virginia Tech* | Lane StadiumBlacksburg, VA (rivalry) | ESPN | L 21–42 | 56,272 |
| December 24 | 8:30 pm | vs. No. 24 Georgia* | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI (Oahu Bowl) | ESPN | L 14–37 | 24,187 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from AP Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Eastern time ||||||||
# Rudolf Schirmer

Rudolf Schirmer (10 March 1831, Greifswald – 27 January 1896) was a German ophthalmologist from Greifswald.
He initially studied medicine at the University of Greifswald, then furthered his studies at Göttingen, Berlin, Paris and Vienna. Later he returned to Greifswald, where he was habilitated for ophthalmology in 1860. In 1873 he attained the chair of ophthalmology, a position he held until his retirement in 1893. In 1885, he succeeded philosopher Wilhelm Schuppe as university rector at Greifswald.
Schirmer is remembered for establishing ophthalmology as an independent discipline at Greifswald, as well as his research involving the anomalies of refraction and accommodation of the eye. Also he performed extensive studies of diseases involving the lacrimal apparatus. The term "Schirmer's syndrome" is employed to indicate the association of hydrophthalmia (early glaucoma) and Sturge–Weber syndrome.
His son, Otto Schirmer (1864–1918) was also a professor of ophthalmology at Greifswald.

## Publications

* Ein Fall von Telangiektasia. Albrecht von Graefe's Archiv für Ophtalmologie, 1860, 7: 119–121. - A case of telangiectasia.
* Die Lehre von den Refractions- und Accomodationsstörungen des Auges. Berlin, 1866. Die Krankheiten der Thränenorgane. Graefe-Saemisch, Handbuch der Augenheilkunde. - The theory of refraction and accommodation disorders of the eye.
# Ludovicus Schoenmaekers

Ludovicus Schoenmaekers (born 15 September 1931) is a Belgian former swimmer. He competed in the men's 200 metre breaststroke at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Hugo Egmont Hørring

Hugo Egmont Hørring (17 August 1842 – 13 February 1909) was a Danish politician, a member of the Højre political party. He was Council President of Denmark from 1897 to 1900 as the leader of the Cabinet of Hørring.

## Biography

Hørring was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. He became a student in 1860 at Borgerdydskolen in Christianshavn and received a cand.jur. degree from the University of Copenhagen in 1868. He held various positions in the Ministry of the Interior and in 1882 became director of the Royal Greenland Trading Department (Den Kongelige Grønlandske Handel).
Hørring retired from government service in April 1900. He was a Grand Cross Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog and Dannebrogsman. Hørring died in Copenhagen during 1909 and was buried in Garrison Cemetery.
# Barry Liebmann

Barry Liebmann (December 4, 1953 – September 1, 2017) was a comedy writer whose work appeared in the pages of MAD Magazine for 38 years. Liebmann's subject matter was eclectic, ranging from sports to parental cliches to Harry Potter to cell phones to the Bible, but he wrote dozens of pointed Mad articles focusing on American politics.
He also worked for Looney Tunes comics. In addition, he was an actor, appearing regularly with The Play's the Thing Theatre Company, Living Legends Radio Theatre, and with The NoName Players as "Beloved Intern Barry."

## Personal life and career

Barry Liebmann was born in New York City, to Norbert and Dora Liebmann. His parents had left Germany and Austria after the 2nd World War started, while the U.S. was still neutral and limiting refugees. They lived in Washington Heights amongst other German Jewish prewar refugees and had a daughter named Eleanor in addition to Liebmann. Eleanor died in 1974. Liebmann lived in the same apartment in Washington Heights all his life. He attended Queens College, graduating with a bachelor's degree, and studied acting at HB studios.
Liebmann wrote for MAD Magazine for almost 40 years, selling his first piece to them in 1979. He also wrote for DC Comics' Looney Tunes and had pieces published in the NY Daily News, the New York Times, and the Wall Street Journal. He performed in many theater groups including The Play’s the Thing Theatre Company, Instant Shakespeare, the No Name Players (as "Beloved Intern Barry") and Living Legends Radio Theater; and acted in plays including Uncle Vanya, The Comedy of Errors, Our Town and A Night in Elsinore.
# Weary Willies

Weary Willies is a 1929 animated short produced by George Winkler which stars Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. The film is also the penultimate Oswald cartoon created during the Winkler period.

## Plot summary

Oswald is a penniless vagabond who comes out of one of the train cars after it makes a stop. As he steps out of the train, Oswald sees a guard passing by. Therefore, he hurries back inside and shuts the door, but because Oswald's baggage (a sack tied to a stick) is left outside, the suspicious guard decides to inspect the train. When the guard opens the door and peeps in, Oswald, coming out from another exit, kicks the officer in and makes a run for it.
Wondering on the countryside, the hungry Oswald sees a homeless bear camping under a tree. The two meet and befriend each other. They then start to fry an egg using the camp fire and other limited equipment that they have. While Oswald and the bear couldn't agree on how they should have the fried egg, a squirrel pops out from the tree and snatches it from them.
The two uneasy friends are left wondering what they should do next. Suddenly, they see roasted chicken on a window sill of a nearby house. The bear tells Oswald to filch it. Oswald is initially reluctant but ultimately agrees after getting strangled by the bear. The rabbit enters the house's yard and approaches the window, only to be chased out of the gate by the resident dog.
Oswald comes up with another idea when he notices the clothesline connects between the gate and the window. The plan works and Oswald gets his hands on the roasted chicken. Upon exiting the gate, he is spotted by a patrolling cop, prompting him to leave quickly. Passing by his friend, Oswald tosses the food to the bear who catches it. The rabbit figures he'd rather run to somewhere than to be tormented by the cop.
When the bear is about to take a bite of the roasted chicken, the cop, approaching from behind, swipes it in the blink of an eye. The surprised bear then looks around and notices the cop pointing a gun at him. He too flees. As they walk away together, Oswald and the bear point fingers at each other over not having to eat anything. Meanwhile, the cop carries the roasted chicken and puts it back on the window sill. Just then, the dog, watching from one of the house's corners, thinks another act of pilferage is taking place. In this, the dog chases the cop down the road, passing by Oswald and the bear who are enjoying the incident.
# Algenon L. Marbley

Algenon Lamont Marbley (born September 19, 1954) is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio.

## Education and career

Born in Morehead City, North Carolina, Marbley received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1976 and a Juris Doctor from the Northwestern University School of Law in 1979. He was in private practice of law in Chicago, Illinois from 1979 to 1980. He was an assistant regional attorney of the United States Department of Health and Human Services from 1980 to 1986, returning to private practice in Columbus, Ohio, from 1986 to 1997 with Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease LLP.

### Federal judicial service

On July 31, 1997, Marbley was nominated by President Bill Clinton to a seat on the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio vacated by Judge John David Holschuh. Marbley was confirmed by the United States Senate on October 27, 1997, and received his commission on November 7, 1997. He served as chief judge between September 16, 2019 and September 7, 2024. On October 23, 2023, Marbley announced his intent to take senior status upon the confirmation of his successor. On November 8, 2024, Marbley reversed his decision to take senior status, citing the fact that no successor had been confirmed.
On April 25, 2024, Judge Marbley was inducted into The Ohio State University’s Office of Diversity and Inclusion Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame recognizes those who have made a lasting impact on The Ohio State University and society and has shown a lifelong commitment to justice, inclusion and diversity.
# New Victoria Hospital

The New Victoria Hospital is an ambulatory care hospital situated at Langside/Battlefield in the south-east of Glasgow, Scotland. It is managed by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde.

## History

The hospital, which was commissioned to replace the outpatient health care services previously provided by Glasgow Victoria Infirmary, was built on a site previously occupied by Queen's Park Public School. The construction work, which was carried out by Balfour Beatty at a cost of £100 million, began in December 2006 and was completed in early April 2009.

## Services

The hospital was designed to treat around 400,000 annually. The facilities include 30 single-bed rooms with en-suite wet room and 30 rooms with four bays. There are eight operating theatres and 12 short-stay surgical beds. There is an MRI scanner and diagnostic services and specialist services such as cardiology, renal dialysis and gynaecology. The building was given an 'excellent' BREEAM rating. Features were incorporated to reduce the impact of traffic noise from the surrounding area.
# Bella Caledonia

Bella Caledonia is an online magazine publishing social, political and cultural commentary. It was launched in 2007 and came to particular prominence during the campaign period of the Scottish independence referendum that was held in 2014. The site is not affiliated to any political party. Until late 2017, it also produced a 24-page print magazine which appeared as a supplement in The National on the first Saturday of every month.

## History

In October 2007, writers Mike Small and Kevin Williamson launched Bella Caledonia at the Radical Book Fair in Edinburgh. The site provided some robust political commentary and explored ideas of self-determination. It was named after a character from Alasdair Gray's novel Poor Things. Gray later provided the site with a new version of his artwork.
By 2011, the magazine was gaining more recognition for its content and The List ranked it highly in a feature about top Scottish websites. During the discussions and debates that took place as part of the Scottish independence referendum, the site published commentary and arguments that helped the Yes Scotland campaign. By 2014 the site was being read by 40,000 people daily. In the run up to Scottish independence referendum, international interest grew and Bella Caledonia had more than 500,000 unique users a month, with a peak of one million in August. A "Songs for Scotland" event was organised at the Òran Mór in Glasgow in September 2014, along with an album of music that could be downloaded.
In 2015, the site was named as one of the top 10 political blogs in the UK by Cision. By this point the site was moving from a citizen journalism model along the lines of De Correspondent, now trying to accommodate more contributions from freelance writers and engaging in journalistic collaboration. In 2015 the website began to publish articles that were written in Gaelic and in Scots.
In January 2017 the site announced that it was facing closure due to running costs and launched an urgent fundraising appeal. The magazine's advisory board met days later and resolved to continue publishing, agreeing upon a plan for a complete restructure- closing as a company and becoming a media collective.
In March 2017, it began producing a 24-page supplement for The National, to appear in the edition on the first Saturday of each month.
In November 2021, just weeks following the murder of the MP David Amess, the website was heavily criticised for publishing on Twitter the whereabouts of the UK Home Secretary, Priti Patel. The Tweet said: "BREAKING NEWS: UK Home Secretary Priti Patel is at a public event at the Hilton Grosvenor in the West End tonight (Friday). 1-9 Grosvenor Terrace, Glasgow G12 0TA. Do with that what you will". Bella Caledonia has since deleted the tweet.
# Commission on Parliamentary Reform

The Commission on Parliamentary Reform was an independent group, established in October 2016 by Ken Macintosh, the Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament. It is chaired by John McCormick and published its report, with recommendations, on 20 June 2017.

## Background

When the Scottish Parliament was set up in 1999, a Consultative Steering Group developed some of the parliamentary structures and procedures. Changes in technology since the Parliament was formed have affected how civil society engages with it. Macintosh’s predecessor Tricia Marwick had also tried to look at how the parliament functioned.

## Remit and schedule

The Commission was asked to consider how the Parliament scrutinises legislation, how the committee system functions and the extent of the parliament's independence from the Scottish government.
The commission met for first time on 7 November 2016. In January the committee took evidence from two former Labour First Ministers Jack McConnell and Henry McLeish. The Commission will publish its report, with recommendations to the Presiding Officer, on Tuesday 20 June 2017 at 10.00 am.

## Commission membership

John McCormick was announced as chair, ahead of his retirement from the Electoral Commissioner for Scotland in December 2016.
Other members of the commission were:
* Katie Burke MSYP
* Pam Duncan-Glancy, disability, equality and human rights activist
* Very Rev Dr Lorna Hood, former Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
* Geoff Mawdsley, director of Reform Scotland
* Professor Boyd Robertson, Principal of Sabhal Mòr Ostaig, UHI, the National Centre for Gaelic Language and Culture
The commission had support from all the party leaders in the Scottish Parliament. The members nominated by their parties to sit on the commission are:
* Fiona McLeod, former Scottish National Party MSP
* Jackson Carlaw, Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party MSP
* Johann Lamont, Scottish Labour MSP
* John Finnie, Scottish Green Party MSP
* Jeremy Purvis, former Scottish Liberal Democrats MSP (October-December 2016)
* John Edward, Scottish Liberal Democrats, former Head of the European Parliament Office in Scotland (January-June 2017)

## Recommendations

There were recommendations around the effective use of chamber time, included ceasing the practice of using scripted diary questions from party leaders to open First Minister's Questions (FMQs). The report suggested scrapping the requirement for selected questions to be published ahead of the session and granting the Presiding Officer the power to rule out questions "which do other than seek to genuinely scrutinise the minister".