OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bobby Cox (politician)

Bobby J. Cox (born February 10, 1980) is a lieutenant colonel in the United States Army Reserve and a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives where he has represented the 21st District since 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party and a former Army Ranger.
Cox is Vice Chair of the House Medical, Military, Public and Municipal Affairs Committee and Chairman of the Military and Veterans Affairs Sub-Committee.

## Life

Cox was born in Spartanburg, South Carolina, and graduated from The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina; as a senior he served as Regimental Commander, the highest ranking member of the South Carolina Corps of Cadets. Following the 9/11 Terrorist attacks, Cox joined the U.S. Army.
As an Army Ranger, Cox served four combat tours in the Middle East with elite units as the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), 75th Ranger Regiment, and the 82nd Airborne Division. He was awarded the Bronze Star Medal, three Meritorious Service Medals, four Army Commendation Medals, four Army Achievement Medals, and the Military Outstanding Volunteer Service Medal. He also served as an Instructor at the U.S. Army Ranger School and was selected to serve as an U.S. Army Congressional Fellow. Cox continues to serve in the Army Reserve as a lieutenant colonel.
Cox was previously employed at Milliken & Company in Spartanburg and is currently employed by SIG SAUER as their Vice President of Government Affairs, where he oversees strategic program development for Capitol Hill, The Pentagon, State Department, and Federal Law Enforcement Agencies. On December 10, 2019, Cox was nominated by South Carolina Governor Henry McMaster to be the state's first Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
In addition to a BA from The Citadel, he has a Master of Business Administration from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Kenan-Flagler Business School with a distinction in Leadership. He also holds a Master of Professional Studies in Legislative Affairs from George Washington University.
Bobby is married to Joscelyn Cox and they have two children and a Boykin Spaniel.
# Sextus Pedius

Sextus Pedius was a Roman jurist during the late first and early second centuries. He was a contemporary to the Roman Jurists Aulus Ofilius and Massurius Sabinus, and also mentioned in the writings of Pomponius.
Pedius' original ideas are only known from the quotations from the Roman jurists Julius Paulus, Ulpian, and Julian. These quotations have survived, although Pedius' original works were not directly incorporated into the Digest. He was the author of extensive commentary on the edicts or proclamations concerning the Praetorian Guard and the aediles. Two of his writings are known: the Libri ad Edictum (The Books of Edicts, of which Julius Paulus quotes the twenty-fifth), and the Libri de Stipulationibus (The Books of Agreements), concerning legal interpretation.
In a passage quoted by Julius Paulus from the Libri de Stipulationibus, Pedius states with respect to the interpretation of wills,
   It is best not to scrutinize the proper signification of words, but mainly what the testator has intended to declare; in the next place, what is the opinion of those who live in each district.
In other words, the intention of a testator should prevail over the literal meaning of his words, if they should appear to be in conflict; and that ambiguity should be resolved according to the local practice or understanding in the place where the testator lived.
With respect to general interpretation, Pedius observes, in a passage quoted by Ulpian,
   That when one or two things are introduced by a lex, it is a good ground for supplying the rest which tends to the same useful purpose by interpretation, or at least by jurisdiction.
Meaning that ambiguity resulting from a law failing to address a specific circumstance should be resolved in a way that is consistent with the underlying purpose of the law, either generally or by its local understanding.
The various citations to the authority of Pedius contained in the Digest are collected by Wieling.
# Joni Hendrawan

Joni Hendrawan, also known as Idris, is an Indonesian, who after escaping conviction for his role in the 2002 Bali bombings, was convicted for the 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing.

## Early life

Hendrawan grew up in the town of Pekanbaru Indonesia, and then went on to complete his Islamic studies at Pondok Ngruki The religious school founded in 1972 by the 'spiritual head' of Jemaah Islamiah, Abu Bakar Bashir, and Abdullah Sungkar.

## 2002 Bali bombings

Idris played a key role in the 2002 Bali bombings in both the planning and execution stages. He attended most of the key planning meetings for the blast, and helped secure the safe houses and the vehicle used. He scouted the targets, taught the Sari Club suicide mujahid how to drive and he even detonated himself the smaller of the bombs outside the US consulate.
A report released in August 2020 by the United States-Indonesia Society (USINDO) described the events as follows:
   The investigators were thus able to recreate the bombers activities. Amrozi, Idris and Ali Imron had simply walked into a dealership and purchased a new Yamaha motorbike, after asking how much they could re-sell it for if they returned it in a few days. Imron used the motorbike to plant the small bomb outside the U.S. Consulate. Idris then rode the motorbike as Imron drove two suicide bombers in the Mitsubishi to the nightclub district in Kuta. He stopped near the Sari Club, instructed one suicide bomber to put on his explosives vest and the other to arm the vehicle bomb. The first bomber headed to Paddy's Pub. Idris then left the second bomber, who had only learned to drive in a straight line, to drive the minivan the short distance to the Sari Club. Idris picked up Imron on the Yamaha and the duo headed back into Pontianak. Idris dialed the number of the Nokia to detonate the bomb at the Consulate. The two suicide bombers exploded their devices. Imron and Idris dropped the motorbike at a place where it eventually attracted the attention of the caretaker.
Idris confessed his part in the attack, however he successfully appealed conviction over the attack arguing that to Indonesia's constitutional court that the terrorism charges were applied retrospectively.

## Arrest

Idris was arrested in 2003 after attempting a bank robbery to fund a new terrorist attack. He was arrested in Medan in Sumatra after he and 10 other suspected members of Jemaah Islamiah killed three bank employees in the robbery which netted $20,000.

## Release

He was released quietly in 2009 after 5 years of his 10-year sentence. In his first interview with Australian media after his release, Hendrawan stated he; "would willingly wage jihad on Indonesian soil again,"
# Hedon Racecourse railway station

Hedon Racecourse railway station is a disused railway station on the North Eastern Railway's Hull and Holderness Railway to the west of Hedon in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was opened by the North Eastern Railway on 24 August 1888 to serve the newly opened Hedon Park Racecourse. The station was not timetabled and only operated on race days. The station was closed in 1909 when horse racing was terminated.
The station was briefly re-opened as Hedon Halt between 14 August 1948 and 23 October 1948 to serve speedway meetings at the newly constructed Hedon Stadium.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Marfleet | North Eastern Railway Hull and Holderness Railway | Hedon |
# Marjorie Vincent

Marjorie Judith Vincent is an American journalist and former beauty contestant who was crowned Miss America 1991.

## Early life and education

Vincent's parents, Lucien and Florence Vincent of Cap-Haïtien, Haiti migrated to the United States in the early 1960s; Marjorie was the first of their children to be born in the United States. She grew up in Oak Park, Illinois, attending Catholic school and taking ballet and piano lessons. Vincent entered DePaul University as a music major, switching to business in junior year and graduating in 1988. Winnings from beauty pageants helped to pay her schooling.

## Pageantry

After two unsuccessful pageant tries, at Miss North Carolina and Miss Illinois, she won Miss Illinois, allowing her to advance to Miss America. At the Miss America pageant, she performed the Fantaisie-Impromptu (Op. posth. 66) by Chopin, won the crown, and became Miss America 1991 on 7 September 1990, succeeding Debbye Turner. Her win marked the first occasion in which there were back-to-back African American Miss America winners. Vincent was the last Miss America to be serenaded by Bert Parks.

## Career

Vincent, who already had two years in law school at Duke University before becoming Miss America, changed her goal from international law to television journalism, becoming a news anchor at WGBC in Meridian, Mississippi in October 1993. She later worked at WHOI in Peoria, Illinois and the Ohio News Network in Columbus, Ohio.
Vincent completed her J.D. degree at Florida Coastal School of Law in Jacksonville, Florida. She's been admitted to the Florida Bar since 2011 and previously worked for the Office of the Attorney General in Daytona Beach, Florida. She currently works as an ADA in Alabama

## Personal life

Vincent has a child, Cameron, who was born in 1994. She married Wesley Tripp in November 2006.
# Jørgen Fryd Petersen

Jørgen Fryd Petersen (19 July 1925 – 28 February 1988) was a Danish weightlifter. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Epicephala vermiformis

Epicephala vermiformis is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Java, Indonesia.
The larvae feed on Cajanus cajan. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Prytanée militaire de Libreville

The Prytanée militaire de Libreville (French pronunciation:, PML) is the Gabonese military academy based in Libreville. It is the sole training institution of the armed forces.

## Overview

It was founded on 5 November 2001 with the aim of forming the "future intellectual elite of the country". Its mission is to provide general education preparing for enlisted soldiers in the Armed Forces of Gabon as well as commissioned and non-commissioned officers, and some enlisted personnel having special aptitudes and roles. It recruits a special entrance exam to the 6th grade. The pupils of this establishment are traditionally called "troop children", they receive a physical and moral education predisposing them to the career of officer. The best students PML are solemnly rewarded Friday, at the end of the school year.
In 2019, Lieutenant Kelly Ondo Obiang, who is an alumnus of the school, led the Gabonese Republican Guard during the coup d'état attempt against President Ali Bongo Ondimba.
# Yuhaqim Yurzih

Yuhaqim Yurzih bin Dhamar Ali Dharih bin Karb Il Watar Yahan'am (c. 50–95 AD) was a king of the Himyarite Kingdom, ruling over Sheba and Dhu Raydan.

## Reign

King Yuhaqim (also known as Ihaqim) assumed the throne of Sheba and Dhu Raydan (a region centered on Zafar, Yemen) between 85 AD and approximately 95 AD, succeeding El-Bein III.
In 90 AD, Yuhaqim faced a major rebellion led by his uncle Amdan Yahqab, which was focused in the Dhu Raydan area. With support from the highland tribe of Shaddad, Yahqab declared himself king of Sheba and Dhu Raydan in Zafar, minting coins in his own name. Yahqab later ascended to the throne of Ma'rib for a time and built the Amdan Yahqab Gate in the Awwam Temple.
Records suggest that King Yuhaqim responded by going to war against the Raydanian people in the Hakar region (modern-day Dhamar Governorate). His forces destroyed the villages of Illah and reached the area of Al-Hadd in Yafa. However, it remains unclear whether he regained control of Ma'rib or Zafar.
Early inscriptions record Yuhaqim's title as "King of Sheba and Dhu Raydan," but later inscriptions omit "Dhu Raydan," possibly due to the rebellion led by his uncle.
# High Westwood railway station

High Westwood railway station served the village of High Westwood, County Durham, England from 1909 to 1942 on the Derwent Valley Railway.

## History

The station opened on 1 July 1909 by the North Eastern Railway. The station was situated at the end of a track running from Derwent Crescent. The platforms were made of timber and it was on a hill above the village. The station was the first on the line to close; it closed to passengers on 4 May 1942 while the other stations survived and closed to goods traffic on 11 November 1963.
# Marcel Verschueren

Marcel Verschueren (8 February 1928 – 2 December 2008) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1950 Tour de France.
# Jerzy Koryciak

Jerzy Koryciak (born 7 March 1954) is a Polish cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 30 kilometre event at the 1976 Winter Olympics.
# Jørgen Jacobsen

Jørgen Jacobsen (14 October 1933 – 26 August 2010) was a Danish footballer. He played in three matches for the Denmark national football team from 1954 to 1955.
# Saint-Louis, Quebec

Saint-Louis (French pronunciation: ) is a municipality in southwestern Quebec, Canada in the Regional County Municipality of Les Maskoutains. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 775.

## Demographics
### Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1991 | 711 | — |
| 1996 | 715 | +0.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2001 | 758 | +6.0% |
| 2006 | 726 | −4.2% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2011 | 775 | +6.7% |

### Language

Canada Census Mother Tongue - Saint-Louis, Quebec :
| Census | Total | French | French | French | English | English | English | French & English | French & English | French & English | Other | Other | Other |
| Year | Responses | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % |
| 2011 | 775 | 755 | 7.9% | 97.42% | 5 | 50.0% | 0.64% | 5 | 50.0% | 0.64% | 10 | 0.0% | 1.29% |
| 2006 | 730 | 700 | 7.9% | 95.89% | 10 | n/a% | 1.37% | 10 | n/a% | 1.37% | 10 | n/a% | 1.37% |
| 2001 | 760 | 760 | 6.3% | 100.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% |
| 1996 | 715 | 715 | n/a | 100.00% | 0 | n/a | 0.00% | 0 | n/a | 0.00% | 0 | n/a | 0.00% |
# Esa Lepola

Esa Lepola (born 25 September 1948) is a Finnish former swimmer. He competed in the men's 1500 metre freestyle at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Frank Kapral

Frank Samuel Kapral (February 15, 1929 – March 17, 2020) was an American football and wrestling coach.

## Personal life

Kapral was born in Courtdale, Pennsylvania, on February 15, 1929. He was the youngest of five children of George and Helen Kapral. He graduated from Luzerne High School, Pennsylvania, in 1946. In 1948, he graduated from Wyoming Seminary, and from 1948 to 1952 was a football player and wrestler at Michigan State.
Kapral received a B.A. degree in speech from Michigan State and later earned an M.A. degree in physical education.
Kapral and his wife Doris lived in East Lyme, Connecticut, in later life. They were married in 1951 and had five daughters, one son, ten grandchildren, and, as of 2020, thirteen great-grandchildren.
Kapral died on March 17, 2020, at the home of his son in Palm Bay, Florida. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery on September 14, 2020.

## Career

He played for Michigan State from 1948 to 1952, and was drafted to the Green Bay Packers. He was forced to leave early in the season as he was called to active duty in the U.S. Army for the Korean War. After the war, he was a coach for football and wrestling at two high schools in Michigan, Dartmouth College, then the United States Coast Guard Academy in New London, Connecticut.
In 1962 he was appointed a line coach of the Coast Guard Academy football team under Head Coach Otto Graham, and was the head coach himself in the 1966 and 1967 seasons. His record as football head coach was 0–16. He was also an assistant track and field coach from 1959 to 1961, the head coach of wrestling from 1960 to 1965, assistant director of athletics from 1966 to 1980, and athletic department business manager from 1968 to 1980.
In 1976 he was inducted into the Athletics Hall of Fame at Wyoming Seminary in 1976 and the Coast Guard Academy in 1979. In 1988, he was named "Man of the Year" by New England College Wrestling.
He retired in 1984, at which point he was at the rank of captain.
# Belgian Draught

The Belgian Draught, Dutch: Belgisch Trekpaard, French: Trait belge, is a Belgian breed of draught horse. It originates in the region of the Low Countries that is now central Belgium, and may also be called the Brabant after the former Province of Brabant in that area.
The American Belgian Draught derives from the same original stock, but has developed differently.

## History

The Belgian Draught descends from the heavy farm horses of the region of the Low Countries that is now central Belgium: the Colosse de la Méhaigne from the valley of the Méhaigne in the area of Namur; the Gris de Nivelles et du Hainaut, named for Hainaut region and for the city of Nivelles, now in Walloon Brabant; and the Gros de la Dendre, named for the Dender river, from East Flanders and the area that is now Flemish Brabant.$^{:443}$$^{:166}$
Documented breeding was recorded in the seventeenth century, with the first studbook founded in 1886. The first known imported Belgian to America was in the late nineteenth century.
Closely related breeds include the Ardennais, Flemish Horse, Nederlands Trekpaard, and Trait du Nord.
The American Belgian Draught derives from the same original stock, but has developed differently. It is generally taller and less heavily built, and has a very different distribution of coat colours.$^{:434}$$^{:166}$

## Characteristics

The Belgian Draught is a tall, powerful and massive horse. Heights at the withers are usually in the range 163–173 cm (64–68 in), with an average height of 164 cm (65 in) for mares and 168 cm (66 in) for stallions.$^{:166}$$^{:443}$ Average weights are approximately 700 kg (1,500 lb) for mares and 900 kg (2,000 lb) for stallions, but weights of over 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) are not uncommon.$^{:166}$$^{:443}$ The roan coat colour predominates, accounting for about 80% of all of the horses; some 12% are bay, and the remainder chestnut, black or grey.$^{:443}$

### Genetic diversity

The Belgian Draught horse has been identified as having an intermediate level of genetic diversity, and found to have relatively low levels of inbreeding. However, due to low founder diversity, the breed is identified as likely to have a potential compromise of genetic diversity in future generations.
# Szostakowo

Szostakowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czyże, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Czyże, 7 km (4 mi) north-west of Hajnówka, and 45 km (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Białystok.
# Leo Wellens

Leo Wellens (born 14 March 1959) is a Belgian former cyclist. He competed in the team time trial event at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He is the brother of fellow racing cyclists Paul and Johan Wellens and the father of cyclist Tim Wellens. At the 1981 Tour de France, he and his brothers all rode for the Sunair–Sport 80–Colnago team as domestiques for Freddy Maertens.
# Jørgen Jensen (wrestler)

Jørgen Jensen (2 June 1939 – 12 March 1995) was a Danish wrestler. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# John Watkins (Virginia politician, born 1947)

John Chewning Watkins (born March 1, 1947) is a Virginia businessman and politician, who served in the Virginia General Assembly for 34 years. A Republican, Watkins served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1982 to 1998, when he was elected to the Senate of Virginia. He represented the 10th district, situated in part of the city of Richmond and its westerly suburbs, including all of Amelia and Powhatan counties and parts of four others.

## Early and family life

Born in Petersburg, Virginia, Watkins graduated from Virginia Tech with a degree in horticulture. He served in the U.S. Army 1970–71. He is President of Watkins Nurseries Inc.

## Political career

Watkins was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1982 and re-elected twice. He was then elected to the Virginia Senate. He became known for supporting public transit and regional cooperation.
Although he faced no opponent in 2007, and easily defeated Democrat David Meade Bernard in 2011, in November 2014, Watkins announced that he would not run for re-election in 2016. He cited wanting to spend more time with his grandchildren as well as new ethics laws following the conviction of former Governor Bob McDonnell. As legislators work part-time, many have full-time jobs. Watkins owns a nursery, land along Virginia Route 288 coveted by developers (for a shopping mall, among other things) and is Chairman of the Board of Essex Bank. The Richmond Times-Dispatch noted that Watkins was also considered a maverick, more liberal than many in his party. In a hotly contested race to succeed him in the 10th District, Republican Glen Sturtevant defeated Democrat Daniel Gecker.
# Pollution in Quintero and Puchuncaví

The Chilean port of Quintero and adjacent Puchuncaví have made themselves known for their pollution in the 2010s and 2020s. They have together been characterized as a sacrifice zone. The zone hosts the coal-fired Ventanas Power Plant, an oil refinery, a cement storage, Fundición Ventanas, a copper foundry and refinery, a lubricant factory and a chemical terminal. In total 15 polluting companies operate in the area.
In 1992 there was a judicial appeal filed by five women from Puchuncavi against Fundición Ventanas and Chilgener, this was filed against the refinery for the toxic clouds it emitted. In areas near the polluting industries, testing in 1997 showed high levels copper in the soil. High level of selenium and copper were also found in rainwater near the industries. In 2011, Escuela La Greda located in Puchuncaví, was engulfed in a chemical cloud from the Ventanas Industrial Complex. The sulfur cloud poisoned an estimated 33 children and 9 teachers, resulting in the relocation of the school. The old location of the school is now abandoned. In August and September 2018 there was a public health crisis in Quintero and Puchuncaví, where over 300 people experienced illness from toxic substances in the air, coming from the polluting industries.
In 2022 the environmental conditions of Quintero, Puchuncaví and Concón were discussed in the Senate of Chile.
In June 2022 President Gabriel Boric announced Codelco's decision to begin a closure process of Fundición Ventanas.
# Kottur, Tamil Nadu Assembly constituency

For constituency with same name in Karnataka, see Kottur, Karnataka Assembly constituency
Kottur was former state assembly constituency in Tiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu, India. It existed from 1967 to 1971.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Winner | Party | Party |
| Fourth | A. K. Subbiah | | Communist Party of India |
| Fifth | A. K. Subbiah | | Communist Party of India |

## Election results

Vote share of winning candidates :
| 1971 | 1971 | 73.26% | 73.26% |
| 1967 | 1967 | 42.47% | 42.47% |

### 1971

1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election: Kottur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | CPI | A. K. Subbaih | 47,419 | 73.26% | |
| | INC | T. Rajamanickam | 17,309 | 26.74% | −7.39% |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 30,110 | 46.52% | 38.18% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 64,728 | 80.46% | −6.84% |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 84,002 | | |
| | CPI hold | CPI hold | Swing | 30.79% | |

### 1967

1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election: Kottur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | CPI | A. K. Subbaih | 28,156 | 42.47% | |
| | INC | C. M. Ambikapathy | 22,627 | 34.13% | |
| | CPI(M) | A. K. Ganesan | 15,515 | 23.40% | |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 5,529 | 8.34% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 66,298 | 87.30% | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 78,024 | | |
| | CPI win (new seat) | CPI win (new seat) | CPI win (new seat) | CPI win (new seat) | CPI win (new seat) |