OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Boris Pugo

Boris Karlovich Pugo (Latvian: Boriss Pugo, Russian: Борис Карлович Пуго; 19 February 1937 – 22 August 1991) was a Soviet communist politician of Latvian origin.

## Early life and education

Pugo was born in Kalinin, Russian SFSR (now Tver, Russia) into a family of Latvian communists. They had left Latvia after Latvia was proclaimed an independent country in 1918, and the Communist side was defeated in the war that followed. His father, Karl Janovich Pugo, was a participant in the October Revolution and the Civil War as a member of the Latvian Riflemen. His family returned to Latvia after the Soviet Union occupied and annexed it in 1940.
Pugo graduated from Riga Polytechnical Institute in 1960 and worked in various Komsomol, Communist Party and Soviet government positions, both in Latvia and Moscow.

## Party career

Pugo served in various positions between 1960 and 1984 including the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Latvian SSR, a secretary of the Central Committee of Komsomol of the USSR, the First Secretary of the Riga City Committee of the Communist Party and chairman of the KGB in Latvia.
Pugo was the first secretary of the Communist Party of Latvia from 14 April 1984 to 4 October 1989. Pugo also served as chairman of the Central Control Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1989 to 1991.
Between 1990 and 1991, Pugo was the Minister of Interior Affairs of the USSR.

## August coup and death

Pugo participated in the August coup in 1991 and as the Minister of the Interior firmly supported measures to suppress opposition to the coup. After the coup had failed, Pugo died by suicide, anticipating arrest. He was contacted by the RSFSR prosecution for a meeting and he shot himself minutes after the phone call. His wife Valentina Ivanovna also died by suicide, although sources from the time were uncertain as to whether she killed herself or was killed by her husband.
# National parks of Georgia

Georgia has a long history of establishing protected areas dating back to 1912 when the Lagodekhi Strict Nature Reserve was created. Nowadays, protected areas make up to 7% of the country's territory (384 684 ha) and about 75% of protected areas are covered by forests. Total number of protected areas in Georgia — 89. In Georgia there are 14 Strict Nature Reserves, 12 National Parks, 20 Managed Nature Reserves, 40 Natural Monuments, 2 Ramsar sites and 1 Protected Landscape. Management and coordination of the Protected Areas is implemented by a Legal Entity of Public Law Protected Areas Agency of the Ministry of Environment Protection and Natural Resources of Georgia. Currently under development:

## National parks

| Name | Region | Municipality | Established | Coordinates | Area | IUCN category |
| Algeti National Park | Kvemo Kartli | Tetritsqaro Municipality | 2007 | 41°43′N 44°19′E﻿ / ﻿41.717°N 44.317°E﻿ / 41.717; 44.317 | 157.63 square kilometres (60.86 sq mi) | II |
| Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park | Samtskhe-Javakheti | Borjomi, Kharagauli, Akhaltsikhe, Adigeni, Khashuri and Baghdati Municipality | 1995 | 41°51′N 43°10′E﻿ / ﻿41.850°N 43.167°E﻿ / 41.850; 43.167 | 1,093.0 square kilometres (422.0 sq mi) | II |
| Javakheti National Park | Samtskhe–Javakheti | Ninotsminda Municipality | 2011 | 41°10′N 43°26′E﻿ / ﻿41.167°N 43.433°E﻿ / 41.167; 43.433 | 238.53 square kilometres (92.10 sq mi) | II |
| Kazbegi National Park | Mtskheta-Mtianeti | Kazbegi Municipality | 1976 | 42°30′12.61″N 44°27′14.55″E﻿ / ﻿42.5035028°N 44.4540417°E﻿ / 42.5035028; 44.4540417 | 1,446.17 square kilometres (558.37 sq mi) | II |
| Kintrishi National Park | Adjara | Kobuleti Municipality | 2007 | 41°40′55″N 42°02′20″E﻿ / ﻿41.682°N 42.039°E﻿ / 41.682; 42.039 | 186.84 square kilometres (72.14 sq mi) | II |
| Kolkheti National Park | Colchis | Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti and Guria | 1998 | 42°6′39″N 41°41′46″E﻿ / ﻿42.11083°N 41.69611°E﻿ / 42.11083; 41.69611 | 807.99 square kilometres (311.97 sq mi) | II |
| Machakhela National Park | Adjara | Khelvachauri Municipality | 2012 | 41°31′12.92″N 41°43′10.81″E﻿ / ﻿41.5202556°N 41.7196694°E﻿ / 41.5202556; 41.7196694 | 130.7 square kilometres (50.5 sq mi) | II |
| Mtirala National Park | Adjara | Kobuleti, Khelvachauri and Keda Municipality | 2006 | 41°41′51.1″N 41°53′22.2″E﻿ / ﻿41.697528°N 41.889500°E﻿ / 41.697528; 41.889500 | 281.26 square kilometres (108.60 sq mi) | II |
| Tbilisi National Park | Mtskheta-Mtianeti | Mtskheta Municipality | 2007 | 41°52′N 44°56′E﻿ / ﻿41.867°N 44.933°E﻿ / 41.867; 44.933 | 380.02 square kilometres (146.73 sq mi) | II |
| Tusheti National Park | Kakheti | Akhmeta Municipality | 2003 | 42°24′36″N 45°29′13″E﻿ / ﻿42.41000°N 45.48694°E﻿ / 42.41000; 45.48694 | 1,276.43 square kilometres (492.83 sq mi) | II |
| Vashlovani National Park | Kakheti | Dedoplistsqaro Municipality | 2007 | 41°12′N 46°23′E﻿ / ﻿41.200°N 46.383°E﻿ / 41.200; 46.383 | 442.51 square kilometres (170.85 sq mi) | II |
| Pshav-Khevsureti National Park | Mtskheta-Mtianeti | Dusheti Municipality | 2014 | 42°40′N 45°10′E﻿ / ﻿42.66°N 45.16°E﻿ / 42.66; 45.16 | 1,400.44 square kilometres (540.71 sq mi) | II |
# Crocus cancellatus

Crocus cancellatus is a species of flowering plant in the family (biology Iridaceae. It is found from the Balkan Peninsula to Iran.
Crocus cancellatus is a corm growing to 0.1 by 0.1 m (3.9 in by 3.9 in). It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from September to November, and the seeds ripen from March to May.
# Antimachia

Antimachia (Ancient Greek: Ἀντιμαχία) was a town of ancient Greece on the island of Cos. Antimachia was the capital of the demoi of Aegelus and Archia.
Its site is located near modern Antimakheia.
# Steinkjer Station

Steinkjer Station (Norwegian: Steinkjer stasjon) is a railway station located in the town of Steinkjer in Steinkjer Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.
The station is located on the Nordland Line, serving both local and express trains northbound through Innherred and on to Nordland county, and southbound to the city of Trondheim. The staffed station sits adjacent to the European route E6 highway. The station is at the northern terminus of the Trøndelag Commuter Rail to Trondheim. An hourly service usually runs on this line.

## History

Steinkjer Station was built as part of Hell–Sunnan Line and opened on 15 November 1905 along with the rest of the line north of Verdal Station. The original name of the station was Steinkjær but on 5 June 1925, the spelling was changed to the present Steinkjer.
Steinkjer Station was designed by architect Paul Armin Due. He designed a number of other stations built by the Norwegian State Railways, including virtually all stations north of Levanger on Hell–Sunnanbanen and many stations on Bergensbanen, including all those in Hallingdal. The building is on two floors with living quarters for the station master on the second floor. The building was built in Art Nouveau architectural style with marked portals.
# Jim Lawson (American football)

James Willmer Lawson (March 11, 1902 – January 3, 1989) was an American football end and placekicker who played one season with the New York Yankees of the National Football League (NFL). Lawson played college football for the Stanford football team of Stanford University. He was a consensus first-team All-American in 1924. He was also a member of the Los Angeles Wildcats of the American Football League.

## Early life and college

Lawson attended Long Beach Polytechnic High School in Long Beach, California.
He was Stanford University's first All-American, a consensus selection, in 1924. The 1924 Stanford football team went 7-1-1 and appeared in the 1925 Rose Bowl against Notre Dame in a losing effort. He was inducted into the Stanford Athletics Hall of Fame.

## Professional career

Lawson kicked four extra points and two field goals for the Los Angeles Wildcats in 1926. He played in 11 games for the New York Yankees in 1927.
# Sneppen Bridge

The Sneppen Bridge (Norwegian: Sneppenbrua) is a bridge that crosses the river Steinkjerelva in the town of Steinkjer in Steinkjer Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 152.5-metre (500 ft) long concrete bridge was completed in 1987 and carries the European route E6 highway. The bridge was officially opened on 5 August 1987 by the mayor Erik Bartnes.
# Hespérides Point

Hespérides Point (Spanish: Punta Hespérides) is a rocky point of land projecting into South Bay north-northwest of Johnsons Dock, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and forming the southwest side of the entrance to Emona Anchorage. Surmounted by Hesperides Hill. The area was visited by 19th century sealers operating from nearby Johnsons Dock.
The feature is named after the Spanish ocean exploration ship BIO Hesperides.

## Location

The point is located at 62°38′36.7″S 60°22′23″W﻿ / ﻿62.643528°S 60.37306°W﻿ / -62.643528; -60.37306 which is 12.36 km east-northeast of Hannah Point, 3.7 km southeast of Smolyan Point and 1.59 km north of Ballester Point (British mapping in 1968, detailed Spanish mapping in 1991 and Bulgarian mapping in 1996, 2005 and 2009).

## Maps

* Isla Livingston: Península Hurd. Mapa topográfico de escala 1:25 000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1991.
* L.L. Ivanov. Livingston Island: Central-Eastern Region. Scale 1:25000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 1996.
* L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4
* Bulgarian Base (Sheet 1 and Sheet 2): Antarctica, South Shetland Islands, Livingston Island. Scale 1:2000 topographic map. Sofia: Military Geographic Service, 2016. (in Bulgarian, map images on slides 6 and 7 of the linked report)
# Stowey Castle

Stowey Castle (or Nether Stowey Castle known locally as The Mount) was a Norman motte-and-bailey castle, built in the 11th century, in the village of Nether Stowey on the Quantock Hills in Somerset, England. It has been designated as a Scheduled Monument, the foundations of the keep are also a Grade I listed building.

## Details

The Castle is sited on a small isolated knoll of Leighland Slates of the Devonian series, about 390 feet (119 m) high. It consisted of a square keep, (which may have been stone, or a wooden superstructure on stone foundations) and its defences, and an outer and an inner bailey. The mount is 29 feet (9 m) above the 6 feet (2 m) wide ditch which itself is 7 feet (2 m) deep. The motte has a flat top. The central area is occupied by approximately square foundations 33 feet (10 m) by 33 feet (10 m), with internal divisions.
Alfred of Spain (who was actually from Épaignes in Normandy) is the Norman Lord of Stowey as recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086; the building of the castle is normally attributed to him or to his daughter Isabel. The earliest written reference to the castle is in a forged charter of 1154.
The top of the motte was excavated by amateurs in the 19th century but no record was made of any finds. The mounds around the top of the motte are assumed to be spoil heaps from these excavations to clear the foundations of the keep, although it has also been suggested that they may be the remains of towers. The blue lias rubble foundations are the only visible structural remains of the castle, which stood on the conical motte surrounded by a ditch approximately 820 feet (250 m) in circumference.
The castle was destroyed in the 15th century, which may have been as a penalty for the local Lord Audley's involvement in the Second Cornish Uprising of 1497 led by Perkin Warbeck. Some of the stone was used in the building of Stowey Court in the village.
# Siege of Akkerman

The siege of Akkerman took place in 1770 between 24 September and 6 October.
Brigadier Baron Igelström, dispatched from the corps of Prince Repnin with a detachment (4 infantry regiments, a squadron of hussars, and 2,5 Cossack sotnia) entered on September 24 in the suburb of Akkerman, laid an artillery battery and advanced a post (2 companies, 2 cannons, and 70 men Cossacks) under the command of Captain Nolcken to Dniester Estuary, in order to cut off the besieged from getting communication with Ochakov (Özi/Özü), from where Ottoman reinforcements were expected. On September 26 Nolcken defeated 1,000 Crimeans and forced them to take refuge on an island lying against the Dniester's mouth; at that time Turkish ships headed for Akkerman entered the mouth, but, met by artillery fire of 2 Nolcken's cannons, the ships sailed back towards the sea. Despite the significant fortifications of Akkerman, the fortress' garrison (1,133 janissaries), suppressed by the batteries' fire, on October 6 was forced to surrender the fortress; the Russians got 65 cannons, 8 mortars and 3 howitzers. During the whole time of actions at Akkerman Russia lost 23 killed and 109 wounded men. After removal of Turkish troops and inhabitants to Izmail and occupation of the fortress, Russian troops left Akkerman, leaving in it the garrison of Major Baron Fersen (an infantry regiment and a hundred Cossacks) and went to Fălciu. At the conclusion of the Küçük Kaynarca peace Akkerman was returned to the Turks.
# Michael Darbyshire

Michael Darbyshire (15 October 1917 – 20 November 1979) was an English actor of stage and screen. He is perhaps best known for his role as Hubert Davenport, the Victorian ghost, in the long running BBC TV children's comedy series Rentaghost.
He also played one of the eccentric inventors in the 1968 film Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. On stage, he appeared in the original West End cast of the musical Pickwick in 1963, its Broadway transfer in 1965, and a BBC TV adaptation in 1969.
He was a member of the Players Theatre Company based in London in Villiers Street, appearing regularly and also on many occasions on the BBC TV series The Good Old Days.
Michael Darbyshire died in 1979, during the interval of the first performance of a production of the Ray Cooney farce, Chase Me Comrade, at the Theatre Royal, Windsor, aged 62.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1949 | Vengeance Is Mine | Policeman | |
| 1956 | Charley Moon | Footman | Uncredited |
| 1963 | The Gentle Terror | Ticket clerk | |
| 1968 | Chitty Chitty Bang Bang | Inventor | |
| 1969 | Lock Up Your Daughters | La Verole | |
| 1971 | She'll Follow You Anywhere | Doctor | |
| 1976 | The Slipper and the Rose | Dancer | |
# Fred Garrigus Holloway

Fred Garrigus Holloway (1898 – June 1, 1988) was an American bishop of The Methodist Church, elected in 1960. He also served as president of Western Maryland College (1935-47) and Drew University (1948-60).

## Education

Holloway graduated in 1918 from Western Maryland College (now renamed McDaniel College), then earned a B.D. from Drew University in 1921.
Prior to his election to the Episcopacy, he was involved in education. He was Professor of Biblical Languages and President of Wesley Theological Seminary. He was also President (1935-47) of Western Maryland College, Westminster, Maryland.
He became Dean of the Drew Theological Seminary, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey in 1947. Just one year later he was offered the Presidency of the University upon the retirement of President Arlo Ayres Brown. As the seventh President of Drew from 1948-60, renovating and rebuilding the antiquated campus became his greatest legacy. New buildings, such as the Baldwin Gymnasium and many dormitories, were completed under his leadership. A graduate study curriculum was also instituted. Upon his election to the Episcopacy, Bishop Holloway left the university for his new role, and was assigned to West Virginia.

## Publications

* New Testament foundations for Christian evangelism (1965)

## Family

Holloway was married to Winifred Jackson in 1921.

## Legacy

McDaniel College hosts an annual Holloway Lecture in memory of Bishop Holloway.
# Joffre Peak

Joffre Peak is a 2,721-metre (8,927-foot) mountain summit located in the Coast Mountains, in Joffre Lakes Provincial Park, in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is the second-highest point of the Joffre Group, which is a subset of the Lillooet Ranges. It is situated 26 km (16 mi) east of Pemberton and 11 km (7 mi) northeast of Lillooet Lake. Joffre is more notable for its steep rise above local terrain than for its absolute elevation as topographic relief is significant with the summit rising 1,500 meters (4,920 ft) above Cayoosh Creek in 4 km (2.5 mi). The nearest higher peak is Mount Matier, 1.6 km (1 mi) to the south. The mountain's climate supports the Matier Glacier on the southwest slope, and the Anniversary Glacier on the southeast slope. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains into Joffre Creek and Cayoosh Creek which are both within the Fraser River watershed.

## History

The first ascent of the mountain was made on July 19, 1957 by Dick Chambers and Paddy Sherman, who were members of the British Columbia Mountaineering Club. The first ascent party named this peak for its position at the head of Joffre Creek. The creek and mountain's name honors Marshal Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre (1852–1931), a French general who served as Commander-in-Chief of French Armies in World War I. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted June 22, 1967, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. Joffre Peak should not be confused with Mount Joffre in the Canadian Rockies which is also named for the same person.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Joffre Peak is located in a subarctic climate zone of western North America.
Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Coast Mountains where they are forced upward by the range (Orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall. As a result, the Coast Mountains experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. The months July through September offer the most favorable weather for climbing Joffre Peak.

## Climbing Routes

Established climbing routes on Joffre Peak:
* Southeast Face - class 4 First ascent 1957
* Southwest Gully - class 4 FA 1971
* East Ridge - class 5.2 FA 1980

## Gallery

* Mt. Matier (left) and Joffre Peak reflected in Duffy Lake
* The Joffre Group: Joffre Peak (left), Mt. Matier (highest), Hartzell, Spetch, Slalok Mountain, Tszil, and Mt. Taylor (farthest right)
* North aspect
* Joffre from Duffy Lake
* Matier (left) and Joffre (right)
* Joffre Peak with Mt. Matier (left)
* Northwest aspect of Joffre Peak, with Mount Matier (behind right).
# RadView Software

RadView Software develops and offers enterprises test automation solution (Radview TestAutomation) and load testing tool and performance monitoring (Radview WebLoad) for web and mobile applications that allows companies to accelerate the development and deployment of their Web and Mobile applications and enables the implementation of their strategies involving their Websites. As of August 26, 2021, it had licensed its software to over 3,500 organizations.

## Products

RadView WebLOAD is a load testing and analysis tool that combines performance, scalability, and integrity as a single process for the verification of web applications. It scales to hundreds of thousands of virtual users, making it possible to test massive loads and report bottlenecks, constraints, and weak points within an application.
In 2021, RadView added RadView TestAutomation to its portfolio of products – an AI-based Test Automation solution through its acquisition of Shield34, an AI-based Test Automation company.
Radview TestAutomation is an intelligent Selenium-based platform for fast, easy, and reliable testing of web applications. It accelerates test development, cuts script maintenance work, eliminates redundant test failures, and shortens the time to reproduce and fix failed tests. Radview TestAutomation is fully compatible with Selenium, which allows the execution of any existing Selenium-based scripts immediately with no migration effort.

## History

RadView was founded in 1993 by Ilan Kinreich, former co-founder of Mercury Interactive. In 1996, the company launched WebLOAD to meet the need for testing web and mobile applications under load peak conditions. In August 2000, RadView completed an initial public offering, followed by private financing from Fortissimo Capital, Meitav, and others. In April 2021, RadView acquired an AI-based Test Automation company, adding RadView TestAutomation to its portfolio of products.
# C.B. Savage

"C.B. Savage" is a gay-themed novelty country song by the American singer-songwriter Rod Hart, from his album Breakeroo!. It peaked at #67 on the Billboard Hot 100, giving him his only entry on that chart. It was also the first of only three songs with the title "Savage", along with "Savage" by Megan Thee Stallion and Beyonce and "Savage Love" by Jason Derulo and Jawsh 685.
The song is a gay answer to C.W. McCall's hit, "Convoy."

## Charts

| Chart (1976-77) | Peak position |
| Canada RPM Top Singles | 87 |
| Canada Country (RPM) | 10 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 67 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 23 |
| US Cash Box Top 100 | 59 |
# Danby, Missouri

Danby is an unincorporated community in southeast Jefferson County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
The community is adjacent to the west side of I-55 approximately nine miles southeast of Festus. Isle du Bois Creek, which forms the border between Jefferson and Ste. Genevieve counties, flows past approximately 1.5 miles south of the community.

## History

A post office called Danby was established in 1883, and remained in operation until 1955. It is unknown why the name Danby was applied to this community.
# Terry R. Parke

Terry R. Parke (born February 21, 1944, in Pittsfield, Illinois)
Parke was born in Pittsfield, Illinois. He served in the United States Army. Parke graduated from Southern Illinois University with a bachelor's degree in education. Parke was an insurance agent. Parke served as a Republican member of the Illinois House of Representatives representing the 44th district, where he served for 22 years from 1985 to 2007. On November 7, 2006, Parke lost his reelection bid to Democrat Fred Crespo. Parke previously served as Schaumburg Township Trustee from 1981 to 1984, and Schaumburg Township School Trustee from 1979 to 1981. As a member of the Illinois House of Representatives, Parke served on seven committees: Insurance, Consumer Protection, Environment and Energy, Labor, Telecommunications, Environmental Health, and Commission on Governmental Forecasting and Accountability.
# The Baptist Times

The Baptist Times is a website owned by the Baptist Union of Great Britain reporting on the Baptist Church in Britain.
It has been in production (originally as a newspaper) since 1885 and today has an estimated readership of 24,000.
It has won the Churches Media Council's Andrew Cross Award for the best regional paper, for its production of a daily paper for the Baptist World Congress in 2005.
Due to falling circulation and difficulties of selling advertising space, the paper ceased print publication in November 2011, with plans for a retrospective to be published in January 2012. The website launched in 2012.

## Fake news controversy

In November 2019, an EU Watchdog uncovered evidence The Baptist Times was among 265 media outlets which had been used by an India-based influence network to spread disinformation about Pakistan.
# René Walschot

René Walschot (21 April 1916 – 16 June 2003) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1938 Tour de France.