# List of space forces, units, and formations

This is a list of space forces, units, and formations that identifies the current and historical antecedents and insignia for the military space arms of countries fielding a space component, whether an independent space force, multinational commands, joint command, or as a part of another military service.

## Independent space forces

| Country | Service Indigenous name | Established |
| China | People's Liberation Army Aerospace Force | 2024 |
| China | People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force Space Systems Department [zh] | 2015–2024 |
| China | People's Liberation Army General Armaments Department | 1998–2016 |
| United States | United States Space Force | 2019 |
| United States | Air Force Space Command | 1982–2019 |
| United States | Space Command | 1982–1985 |
| United States | Strategic Air Command | 1963–1984 |
| United States | Aerospace Defense Command | 1976–1980 |
| United States | Fourteenth Aerospace Force (Aerospace Defense Command) | 1968–1980 |
| United States | 9th Aerospace Defense Division (Air Defense Command) | 1961–1968 |
| United States | Air Defense Command | 1960–1961 |
| United States | Air Force Security Service | 1955–1964 |
| United States | Space and Missile Systems Center (Air Force Materiel Command) | 1992–2001 |
| United States | Space Systems Division (Air Force Systems Command) | 1989–1992 |
| United States | Space Division (Air Force Systems Command) | 1979–1989 |
| United States | Space and Missile Systems Organization (Air Force Systems Command) | 1967–1979 |
| United States | Space Systems Division (Air Force Systems Command) | 1961–1967 |
| United States | Air Force Ballistic Missile Organization (Air Research and Development Command) | 1957–1961 |
| United States | Western Development Division (Air Research and Development Command) | 1954–1957 |
| United States | Air Research and Development Command | 1950–1954 |
| United States | Air Materiel Command | 1947–1951 |
| United States | United States Army Air Forces | 1945–1947 |

## Air and space forces

| Country | Service Indigenous name | Established |
| Colombia | Colombian Aerospace Force | 2023 |
| France | French Space Command (French Air and Space Force) | 2019 |
| France | Joint Space Command (French Air Force) | 2010–2019 |
| Iran | Iranian Space Command (Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force) | 2020 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Russian Space Forces (Russian Aerospace Forces) | 2015 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Russian Space Command (Russian Aerospace Defence Forces) | 2011–2015 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Russian Space Forces | 2001–2011 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Russian Strategic Rocket Forces | 1997–2001 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Military Space Forces | 1992–1997 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Rocket and Space Defence Troops (Russian Air Defence Forces) | 1992–1997 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Anti-Ballistic Missile and Anti-Space Defense Forces (Soviet Air Defense Forces) | 1967–1992 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Chief Directorate of Space Assets (Soviet Ministry of Defence) | 1986–1992 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Main Directorate of Space Assets (Soviet Armed Forces General Staff) | 1982–1986 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Main Directorate of Space Assets (Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces) | 1970–1982 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Central Directorate of Space Assets (Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces) | 1964–1970 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | 3rd Department of the Main Missile Directorate of the Ministry of Defence | 1960–1964 |
| Russia (1992–present) Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992) Soviet Union (1955–1991) | Artillery of the Supreme High Command Reserve | 1955–1959 |
| Spain | Spanish Air and Space Force | 2022 |

## Joint and multinational space commands

| Country | Service Indigenous name | Established |
| Australia | Defence Space Command | 2022 |
| Canada United States | North American Aerospace Defense Command | 1981 |
| Canada United States | North American Air Defense Command | 1960–1981 |
| India | Defence Space Agency | 2018 |
| Italy | Space Operations Command | 2020 |
| Mexico | Mexican Secretariat of National Defense | 2019 |
| NATO | NATO Space Centre (Allied Air Command) | 2020 |
| NATO | Allied Air Command | 2013 |
| Peru | National Commission for Aerospace Research and Development (Peruvian Ministry of Defense) | 1974 |
| South Korea | Agency for Defense Development (Republic of Korea Ministry of National Defense) | 1970 |
| Spain | Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial | 1942 |
| United Kingdom | United Kingdom Space Command (Royal Air Force) | 2021 |
| United Kingdom | United Kingdom Strategic Command | 2019–2021 |
| United Kingdom | Joint Forces Command | 2012–2019 |
| United States | United States Space Command | 2019 |
| United States | Joint Force Space Component Command (U.S. Strategic Command) | 2017–2019 |
| United States | Joint Functional Component Command for Space (U.S. Strategic Command) | 2006–2017 |
| United States | Joint Space Operations (U.S. Strategic Command) | 2005–2006 |
| United States | United States Strategic Command | 2002–2005 |
| United States | United States Space Command | 1985–2002 |
| United States | Aerospace Defense Command | 1975–1986 |
| United States | Continental Air Defense Command | 1960–1975 |
| United States | Advanced Research Projects Agency | 1958–1959 |

## Service space units and formations

| Country | Service Indigenous name | Established |
| Australia | Australian Space Operations Centre and No. 1 Remote Sensor Unit RAAF (Royal Australian Air Force) | |
| Brazil | Aerospace Operations Command (Brazilian Air Force) | 2017 |
| Canada | 3 Canadian Space Division (Royal Canadian Air Force) | 2022 |
| Germany | Bundeswehr Space Command [de] (German Air Force) | 2021 |
| Germany | Air and Space Operations Centre [de] (German Air Force) | 2020 |
| Germany | Space Situational Awareness Center [de] (German Air Force) | 2009 |
| Iran | Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force | 2021 |
| Israel | Space Branch (Israeli Air Force) | 1988 |
| Japan | Space Operations Group (Japan Air Self Defense Force) | 2020 |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg Army | 2017 |
| Netherlands | Royal Netherlands Air Force | 2021 |
| New Zealand | Royal New Zealand Air Force | 2024 |
| North Korea | Korean People's Army Air Force | 2023 |
| Pakistan | Space Command (Pakistan Air Force) | 2021 |
| South Korea | Republic of Korea Air Force | 2021 |
| Thailand | Royal Thai Air Force | 2020 |
| Turkey | Space Command Reconnaissance Satellites Command Air and Space Force Development Center | 2005 |
| United Kingdom | No. 23 Squadron (Royal Air Force) | 2021 |
| United Kingdom | 1001 Signal Unit (Royal Air Force) | 1966–2003 |
| United States | Army Space and Missile Defense Command | 1997 |
| United States | Army Space and Strategic Defense Command | 1992–1997 |
| United States | Army Space Command | 1988–2003 |
| United States | Army Space Agency | 1986–1988 |
| United States | Army Space Planning Group | 1985–1986 |
| United States | Army Staff Program Element at Air Force Space Command | 1984–1985 |
| United States | Army Strategic Defense Command | 1985–1992 |
| United States | Ballistic Missile Defense Organization | 1974–1985 |
| United States | Safeguard program | 1969–1974 |
| United States | Sentinel program | 1967–1969 |
| United States | Nike–X Project Office | 1964–1967 |
| United States | Nike–Zeus Project Office (Army Missile Command) | 1962–1964 |
| United States | Army Ballistic Missile Agency (Army Ordnance Missile Command) | 1956–1961 |
| United States | Army Ordnance Corps | 1950–1956 |
| United States | Army Ordnance Department | 1945–1950 |
| United States | Army Information Systems Command | 1984–1988 |
| United States | Army Communications Command | 1973–1984 |
| United States | Army Strategic Communications Command | 1964–1973 |
| United States | Army Signal Corps | 1958–1964 |
| United States | Marine Corps Forces Space Command | 2020 |
| United States | Marine Corps Forces Strategic Command | 2002–2020 |
| United States | Navy Space Command / Tenth Fleet | 2020 |
| United States | Fleet Cyber Command / Tenth Fleet | 2010–2020 |
| United States | Naval Network Warfare Command | 2002–2010 |
| United States | Naval Space Command | 1983–2002 |
| United States | Naval Astronautics Group | 1962–1983 |
| United States | Naval Space Surveillance Center | 1960–1983 |
| United States | Naval Information Warfare Systems Command | 2019 |
| United States | Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command | 1985–2019 |
| United States | Naval Electronic Systems Command | 1966–1985 |
| United States | Naval Air Systems Command | 1964–1974 |
| United States | Naval Material Command | 1966–1974 |
| United States | Bureau of Naval Weapons | 1962–1965 |
| United States | Bureau of Ships | 1961–1964 |
| United States | Project Vanguard (Naval Research Laboratory) | 1955–1958 |
| United States | Naval Research Laboratory | 1944–1955 |
| United States | First Air Force (Air Combat Command) | 2021 |
| United States | United States Coast Guard Research and Development Center | 2018 |
| Vietnam | Vietnam People's Air Force | 2022 |