OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Access to Justice Act 1999

The Access to Justice Act 1999 (c. 22) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It replaced the legal aid system in England and Wales. It created the Legal Services Commission, replacing the Legal Aid Board, and two new schemes: Community Legal Service to fund civil and family cases, and the Criminal Defence Service for criminal cases. The Act put a cap on the amount spent on civil legal aid. The use of conditional fee agreements, commonly known as "no-win no-fee", was extended to most civil court cases.

## Rights of appeal

Section 54 of the Act both creates and limits rights of appeal. One effect of this, as set out in the UK Supreme Court Practice Direction 1 is "The most important general restriction on rights of appeal is section 54(4) of the Access to Justice Act 1999. The effect of this provision is that the Supreme Court may not entertain any appeal against an order of the Court of Appeal refusing permission for an appeal to the Court of Appeal from a lower court." This accords with Section 40(6) of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005.
# Alexandru Papană

Alexandru "Alex" Papană (18 October 1906 – 17 April 1946) was a Romanian-American aviator and bobsledder who competed from the early 1930s to the late 1940s.

## Bobsleigh career

Competing for Romania in bobsleigh, he won two medals in the two-man event at the FIBT World Championships with a gold in 1933 and a bronze in 1934. Papană also competed in two Winter Olympics, earning his best finish of fourth in the two-man event at Lake Placid, New York, in 1932. He retired from bobsledding after the 1936 Winter Olympics.

## Aviation career

Papană obtained his pilot's license in 1928 while in Romania, and was already setting altitude records in 1931. At the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, he competed in gliding (which was a demonstration sport), finishing a respectable 12th as the only representative from Romania. This earned him an invitation to an aerobatics competition in Los Angeles.
Papană accepted the offer, and he and his plane, a Bücker Bü 133B Jungermeister (one of only two versions of that variant ever produced) with the registration YR-PAX, were flown from Frankfurt, Germany, to New York, New York, aboard the Hindenburg airship in August 1936. He then flew across the United States from New York to Los Angeles, winning the race between the cities. In Los Angeles, he won the national air races that were held there. In December of that year, Papană finished second with the Jungermeister in a race from Miami, Florida, to Havana, Cuba.
At an airshow in Cleveland, Ohio, the following year, Papană was in a battle with fellow aviator Count Hagenburg that ended up crashing the count's aircraft. Papană offered Hagenburg his aircraft, but the count refused.
Papană's aircraft was damaged on the runway at an airport in Chicago, Illinois, in 1940. The plane was sold twice before being donated to the Smithsonian Institution in 1973. The aircraft is now located at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia.
Papană later tested gliders for Northrop as a test pilot, many of his flights being documented in Flying magazine. He was involved in the trials for the P-61 Black Widow aircraft that would be involved during World War II for the United States Army Air Forces.

## Other activities

Papană was also active in his youth as a goalkeeper, competing for Colţea București.

## Personal life

Papană was born in Bucharest. He was married twice. His first wife Dina, who he married in 1938, died while in childbirth on 5 September of that same year. He remarried to Jean Hacker on 30 April 1945, but their marriage in Beverly Hills, California, did not go well.
He died on 17 April 1946 after abandoning his car 17 miles (27 km) south of Las Vegas, Nevada. Authorities discovered Papană's body six days later with a suicide note. Papană died by poisoning.
# Leobardo Candiani

Leobardo Candiani (28 December 1904 – 16 September 1986) was a Mexican fencer. He competed in the individual and team foil events at the 1932 Summer Olympics.
# Gérard Brachet

Gérard Brachet (born 27 October 1944 in Lyon) is a French space scientist.

## Career

Brachet earned an engineering degree from the Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Aeronautique in 1967 and a MS in Aeronautics and Astronautics from the University of Washington in 1968. He began his professional career at the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) in France, and from 1972 to 1982 was successively Head of the Orbit Determination and Spacecraft Dynamics Department, the Scientific Programmes Division and the Application Programmes Division. During this period he helped prepare and implement several major space programmes, at the European level and internationally. In particular he was the French signatory for the COSPAS-SARSAT programme for satellite-based search and rescue. He was also Chairman of ESA-PBEO, where he helped define the ERS-1 and ERS-2 EO programmes.
Brachet was directly involved in defining and developing the French SPOT satellite programme in 1978 and was principally responsible for setting up the SPOT IMAGE company to market their earth observation images. In 1982 Brachet was appointed chairman and chief executive officer of SPOT IMAGE and remained in this position until 1994. At the same time he was an advisor on space matters to the European Commission, and in 1991-2 he helped formulate space policy for the European Union.
From 1981 to 1989 Brachet was President of the Societe Française de Photogrammetrie et de Teledetection (French Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing). In 1992 he received the Brock Gold Medal Award, a prize that is awarded every four years by the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. He is the only French person to have been distinguished in this way. In 1994, he received the Remote Sensing Society Award. He is a member of the International Astronautics Academy and a corresponding member of the Academie Nationale de l'Air et de l'Espace (National Air and Space Academy). Brachet is an Officier de l'Ordre national du Mérite (1997) and a Chevalier de la légion d'honneur (1986).
Brachet returned to CNES in 1994 where he was successively the Director for Programmes, Planning and Industrial Policy, and Scientific Director and Director General from July 1997 to December 2003. Brachet was also chairman of the international Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS), which gathers together 20 space agencies and 7 international organizations with the objective of coordinating Earth observation satellite programmes. Since January 2004 he has been a highly respected aerospace consultant. He is serving as a chairman of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) from 2006 to 2007.
# Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences

Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the University of California Press on behalf of the Office for History of Science and Technology (University of California, Berkeley). It was established as Chymia in 1948, being published under than name until 1967 when it temporarily ceased publication. It resumed under Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences in 1969, renaming itself Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences in 1986 under John L. Heilbron, an acquiring its current name in 2008.
It covers the study of the intellectual and social history of the physical sciences (including physics, chemistry, and astronomy) and the biological sciences (including biology, biophysics, and genetics), from the 17th century to the modern era.
Russell McCormmach, who edited the first ten annual volumes of Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences. John L. Heilbron took over as editor in 1980 and in 1985 added "Biological" to the title. In 2008, Cathryn Carson took over as editor-in-chief.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* America: History and Life
* Arts and Humanities Citation Index
* British Humanities Index
* Chemical Abstracts
* Current Contents/Arts & Humanities
* Current Contents/Life Sciences
* Expanded Academic ASAP
* FRANCIS
* ProQuest
* Russian Academy of Sciences Bibliographies
* Scopus
* Social Sciences Citation Index
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 0.417.
# Rania Zaghir

Rania Zaghir (Arabic: رانيا زغير|) is a Lebanese writer and publisher of Arabic children's books, several of which have been translated.

## Biography

Rania Zaghir was born on 23 July 1977 in Beirut, Lebanon, to Syrian parents who emigrated to Lebanon in 1960. Aged ten, Zaghir moved with her family to Syria, escaping the Lebanese civil war; there, she met her grandmother K. Rustom, who grew apple orchids, the inspiration for her book Sisi Malaket Talbas Kharofan Wa Dodatayn. Zaghir refers to her childhood years as happy despite the ongoing civil war. Her home life was characterized by strong family ties.
Zaghir attended the same school from kindergarten to grade 12. In 1995, Zaghir passed the entrance exams and was accepted at The Lebanese American University, where she earned a BA in Communication Arts. In 1999, she started the MA program in educational psychology at American University of Beirut. Zaghir recalls doing little work, preferring to read Amin Maalouf, Nazek Saba Yared, and Truman Capote.
She married French-Lebanese engineer David Samer Sabra. They have two boys together.

## About

Zaghir's books have earned her numerous awards. Haltabees Haltabees earned the Berlin International Literature Festival Book Award (The Extraordinary Book 2015). She has also won the Anna Lindh Euro-Mediterranean Foundation for the Dialogue Between Cultures Award (2010), as well as Assabil (Friends of Public Libraries) 2009 Annual Award for Children's Literature granted to her in recognition of her book “Sisi Malakit Talbas Kharofan wa Dodatayn” (Al Khayyat Al Saghir Publishing House - The Little Tailor). This book has been translated into Italian and published by Serendapita, while “Lamma Balatet el Baher” has been translated into Korean and “Man Lahasa Karna il Booza” into 19 languages and is published by Edition Orient – Berlin.
She is also the co-founder and curator of the International biannual children's literature conference known as: What a Story!
In 2013, She established a national book charity: Libraries of Hope.
In 2007, Zaghir founded Al Khayyat Al Saghir Publishing House.

## Awards

Zaghir's books have earned her numerous awards
Beirut earned the Beirut BookFair Best Children's Book Award in 2016.
Haltabees Haltabees earned the Berlin International Literature Festival Book Award (The Extraordinary Book 2015).
The Anna Lindh Euro-Mediterranean Foundation for the Dialogue Between Cultures Award (2010).
Assabil (Friends of Public Libraries) 2009 Annual Award for Children's Literature granted to her in recognition of her book “Sisi Malakit Talbas Kharofan wa Dodatayn” (Al Khayyat Al Saghir Publishing House - The Little Tailor).

## Publications

* 2018: Fikreyyeh
* 2016: khkhkh, Kuttab Laysa An Harf Al Khaa
* 2015: Al-Khayyat Al Saghir
* 2014: Haltabees, Ashaar Min Sumsum Wa Khayrat
* 2011: Haltabees, Haltabees
* 2010: Man Lahasa Qarn Al-Bootha
* 2009: Limatha Amtarat Al Samaa Koursa wa Waraq Inab
* 2009: Sissi Malaket Talbasu Kharufan Wa Dudatayn
* 2007: Lamma Ballat El Bahr
* 2005: Sabbat Ayyam Fi Olbat Alwan
* 2004: Hal Raaita Ahroufi
* 2001: Akhi Al Sagheer
# Otto Keller (philologist)

Otto Keller (28 May 1838 in Tübingen – 16 February 1927 in Ludwigsburg) was a German classical philologist who specialized in Horace. He also wrote a landmark two volume work on animals in antiquity. He was often called as "Horace Keller" to differentiate him from his father Adelbert von Keller who was also a philologist.

## Biography

Keller was the son of Swabian philologist Adelbert von Keller. He went to study at the universities of Tübingen and Bonn and later specialized in the study of Horace. From 1861 he taught classes in classical languages in Württemberg— in 1866 he was named rector of lyceums in Öhringen. He was a professor at Freiburg (1872–76), at Graz (1876-81) and from then until his retirement in 1909 he was at Prague where he worked for 28 years.
Keller was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1875. He was awarded the Commanders Cross of the Order of the Württemberg crown in 1889. He also served as an Imperial council member in Austria.
Keller was a defender of the findings of Heinrich Schliemann.
Keller married Eugenie, daughter of Wilhelm Leube of Ulm, on 24 May 1869. They had two sons Sigmund Keller (1870-1943) and Wolfgang Keller (1873-1943) and a daughter Clothilde Schaar (1874-1958) who became a sculptor.

## Works

Chief among his critical works on Horace are:
* Horatii Opera Rec. Holder et Keller, written with A. T. Holder (1864–70; Vol. I; 2d ed., 1899).
* Epilegomena zu Horaz (3 volumes, Leipzig 1879-80).
* Pseudoacrouis Scholia in Horatium Vetustiora (2 volumes, 1902–04).
Other works:
* Tiere des klassischen Altertums in kulturgeschichtlicher Beziehung (Animals of classical antiquity and cultural history; Innsbruck, 1887).
* Tier- und Pflanzenbilder auf Münzen und Gemmen (Pictures of animals and plants on coins and gems; 1889).
* Lateinische Etymologien (Latin etymology; 1893).
* Grammatische Aufsätze (Grammatical papers, 1895).
* Xenophontis Historia graeca (1898); part of series: Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana – edition of Xenophon.
* Kulturgeschichtliches aus der Tierwelt (Animals and cultural history; 1904).
* Die antike Tierwelt (The ancient animal world; Vol. I, 1909; Vol. II, 1914).
# William Macdonald (historian)

William Macdonald (July 31, 1863 - December 15, 1938) was an American historian and journalist.
William Macdonald was from Providence, Rhode Island. He attended Harvard University, where he received a Bachelor of Arts in 1892. In 1895 he received an honorary doctorate from Union College. Macdonald's first professorship was in history and economics at Worcester Polytechnic Institute from 1892 to 1893, and he then went to Bowdoin College from 1893 to 1801 as a professor of political science and history. From 1901 to 1917 Macdonald was a professor of history at Brown University. Macdonald was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1902. In 1917 Macdonald resigned from Brown while on sabbatical in France. While in France he became a special foreign correspondent for The Nation and was an associate editor for the paper from 1918 to 1920. Macdonald was also an editorial writer for The Freeman and Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Macdonald gave lectures at the University of California in 1917 and 1918, and gave lectures as a visiting professor at Yale University from 1924 to 1926.
Macdonald died on December 15, 1938, in New York City.
# St Rose's Senior High (Akwatia)

St Rose's Senior High (Rosec or Roses) is a public Catholic high school for girls, located in Akwatia in the Eastern Region of Ghana. The second-cycle high school was founded in 1965 by the Dominican Sisters.

## History

St Rose's Senior High School is one of the girls' schools in the Eastern Region being managed by the Catholic Church. St. Rose's Senior High School (Formerly St. Roses Secondary School) was founded in November 1965 by the Dominican Sisters from Speyer, Germany. The Dominican founding Sisters were; Rev. Sr. Victricia Koch, who was then the Superior General of the Dominican Sisters in Ghana; Rev. Sr. Beatrix Koob, Rev. Sr. Zita Simon and Rev. Sr. Solamen Ott. They were brought to Ghana by the Most Reverend Bishop Joseph Oliver Bowers, the then Bishop of the Accra Diocese of the Catholic Church.
The school first started as a teacher training college with 80 students but in September 1969, the teacher training college was changed over into a secondary school with the initial enrollment of 72 students. Barima Kofi Bempong II, the then chief of Akwatia, the Akwatia Traditional Council and the Akwatia Town Development Committee passed a resolution that gave birth to the establishment of the school.

## Alliance

The school has an ongoing alliance with its fellow Roman Catholic boys' school St. Peter's Boys Senior Secondary School (called Sperosa).

## Competitions

They have been competing in the Ghana National Science and Maths Quiz over the years.

## Notable alumni

* Marietta Brew Appiah-Oppong, lawyer and politician
* Eureka Emefa Adomako, botanist, researcher and academic
* Abena Amoah, investment banker
* Francisca Oteng-Mensah, politician
* Patricia Obo-Nai, Vodafone Ghana/CEO
* Nana Ama Dokua Asiamah Adjei, politician
* Nana Anima Wiafe-Akenten, media practitioner and academic
* Sandra "Alexandrina" Don-Arthur, International Makeup artist and beauty mogul
* Marian Asantewah Nkansah FGA, environmental chemist
* Sandra Opoku, acting director of Ghana Ports
* Phyllis Osei, police officer
* Caryn Agyeman Prempeh, medical practitioner and television personality
# BWF Para-Badminton World Championships

The Para-Badminton World Championships is an individual bi-annual event organized by the BWF. The highest ranked para-badminton players compete in six Sport Classes in five categories. The championships was organized under Para Badminton World Federation (PBWF) before it decided to join with BWF in June 2011.

## Editions

The table below gives an overview of all host cities and countries of the Para-Badminton World Championships.
| Year | Edition | Host City | Dates | Results |
| 1998 | 1 | Amersfoort, Netherlands | | |
| 2000 | 2 | Borken, Germany | | |
| 2001 | 3 | Cordoba, Spain | | |
| 2003 | 4 | Cardiff, Wales | | |
| 2005 | 5 | Hsinchu, Taiwan | | |
| 2007 | 6 | Bangkok, Thailand | 29 October – 2 November | Results |
| 2009 | 7 | Seoul, South Korea | 8–12 September | Results |
| 2011 | 8 | Guatemala City, Guatemala | 23–26 November | Results |
| 2013 | 9 | Dortmund, Germany | 5–10 November | Results |
| 2015 | 10 | Stoke Mandeville, England | 10–13 September | Results |
| 2017 | 11 | Ulsan, South Korea | 22–26 November | Results |
| 2019 | 12 | Basel, Switzerland | 20–25 August | Results |
| 2022 | 13 | Tokyo, Japan | 1–6 November | Results |
| 2024 | 14 | Pattaya, Thailand | 20–25 February | Results |
| 2026 | 15 | Manama, Bahrain | | |
# La Cité du Vin tram stop

La Cité du Vin tram stop is located on line B of the Tramway de Bordeaux. The stop is located on Quay Bacalan in the commune of Bordeaux and is operated by Transports Bordeaux Métropole. Initially known as Bassins à Flot tram stop, it opened on 27 July 2007 when line B was extended from Quinconces and served as terminus of that line until 20 October 2008, when the line was extended to Claveau.
The tram stop was originally named after the nearby Bassins à flot dock. It gained its current name in May 2016 with the opening of the adjacent Cité du Vin wine museum and tourist attraction. Just north of the tram stop, the line crosses over the entrance lock to the Bassins à flot, with trams normally using a route over a swing bridge at the downstream end of the lock, but with an alternative route available via the other end of the lock if the main bridge is swung open. The tram stop has two tracks and two side platforms.
For most of the day on Mondays to Fridays, trams run at least every five minutes in both directions. Services run less frequently in the early morning, late evenings, weekends and public holidays.

## Interchanges
### TBM bus network

| N. | Course | Link | Exploitant |
| 7 | Bordeaux-Centre commercial du Lac <=> Ambarès-Parabelle or -Quinsus | 7 | TBM |
| 32 | Bouliac-Centre commercial <=> Cenon-Gare | 32 | Citram Aquitaine |
| 45 | Le Bouscat-Place Ravezies <=> Bouliac-Centre commercial or -La Belle Etoile | 45 | TBM |
| 58 | Gradignan-Village 5 <=> Bordeaux-Base sous marine | TBNight | TBM |

## Close by

* CAP Sciences
* FRAC Aquitaine
# Parc des Expositions – Stade Matmut-Atlantique tram stop

Parc des Expositions – Stade Matmut-Atlantique tram stop is a tram stop on line C of the Tramway de Bordeaux. It is located on Cours Charles Bricaud in the north of the city of Bordeaux. The stop opened on 24 January 2015, when Line C was extended north from Berges du Lac, and it is the current northern terminus of one of the two branches of line C. The stop is operated by Transports Bordeaux Métropole.
For most of the day on Mondays to Fridays, trams run at least every ten minutes. Services run less frequently in the early morning, late evenings, weekends and public holidays.
The stop has three tracks and three platforms. Although it is the terminus of passenger service on line C, the track continues for some 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) beyond the stop, to the tram depot at La Jallere.
# Eysines Cantinolle tram stop

Eysines Cantinolle tram stop is a stop on the Bordeaux tramway in the commune of Eysines, France. It is the current northwestern terminus of Bordeaux Tramway Line D and opened on 29 February 2020.

## Services

The following services stop at Cantinolle:
* Bordeaux tramway Line D: service every fifteen minutes to Carle Vernet.
# Parndorf Plain

47°57′N 16°56′E﻿ / ﻿47.950°N 16.933°E﻿ / 47.950; 16.933
Parndorf Plain (German: Parndorfer Platte, Hungarian: Parndorfi-fennsík, Pándorfalvi-fennsík, Slovak: Parndorfská plošina), also called Parndorf Heath (German: Parndorfer Heide) in the northern part of Burgenland, Austria, at an altitude of 160–180 m, area approx. 200 square kilometres (77 sq mi), with terraced gravel deposited by the River Danube during the Ice Age, situated between Lake Neusiedl and the Leitha Mountains in the southwest and Lower Leitha in the northeast. An almost treeless plain, it is about 30 metres (98 ft) higher than its surroundings, without any rivers or streams. Partly heath land with Pannonian flora and partly arable land. Wine growing on the steep loess slopes facing Lake Neusiedl. All towns are situated at the foot of the scarps. Large-scale dairy farming.
The East railway line and the A4 autobahn (opened in Autumn 1994) run through the Parndorf plain. Draw-wells give the landscape a puszta character; Roman roads.
Parndorf Plain is among the windiest areas in inland Europe. The almost continuous reign of the north-easterly wind is occasionally interrupted by a gusty south-easterly. On the plain of the Parndorfer Platte the biggest modern wind farms in Austria have been set up.
# WPCT

WPCT (channel 46) is a television station in Panama City Beach, Florida, United States, which broadcasts information for local tourists. Owned by Beach TV Properties, Inc., the station maintains transmitter facilities on Warner Avenue (off Front Beach Road) just east of Panama City Beach.

## History

The station was founded on July 2, 1986, and began broadcasting on April 3, 1989. It was originally an independent station before becoming the UPN affiliate for the Panama City market on January 16, 1995. It aired tourist information during the overnight hours and carried some syndicated talk shows, drama series, movies, and off-network sitcoms during the day outside of prime time network programming until 1998, when UPN was dropped in favor of 24-hour tourist info programming.

## Technical information
### Subchannels

The station's signal is multiplexed:
Subchannels of WPCT :
| Channel | Res. | Aspect | Short name | Programming |
| 46.1 | 720p | 16:9 | WPCT-DT | Tourist Info |
| 46.2 | 480i | 16:9 | OUTSIDE | Outside TV |
| 46.3 | 480i | 16:9 | DEFY | Defy TV |
| 46.4 | 480i | 16:9 | NEWSY | Scripps News |
| 46.5 | 480i | 16:9 | GETTV | Get |
| 46.6 | 480i | 16:9 | NEWSMAX | Newsmax TV |
| 46.7 | 480i | 16:9 | BUZZR | Buzzr |

### Analog-to-digital conversion

WPCT shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 46, on February 17, 2009, the original target date on which full-power television stations in the United States were to transition from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate (which was later pushed back to June 12, 2009). The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 47, using virtual channel 46.