OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arenivaga tonkawa

Arenivaga tonkawa, commonly known as the Tonkawa sand cockroach, is a species of cockroach in the family Corydiidae. This species is found in Central America and North America, primarily inhabiting arid and semi-arid regions such as deserts and sandy habitats.

## Taxonomy and Nomenclature

The species name, tonkawa, is likely a reference to the Tonkawa people, an indigenous tribe from the region where this cockroach is commonly found.

## Description

Arenivaga tonkawa has a flattened, oval-shaped body typical of cockroaches. It is well-adapted to burrowing in sandy environments, which helps it avoid predators and harsh environmental conditions. The body structure provides protection and enables easy movement through loose soil.

## Habitat and Distribution

The Tonkawa sand cockroach is predominantly found in the arid and semi-arid regions of Central America and North America. Its range includes parts of the southwestern United States, extending into regions of Mexico and further south. It inhabits sandy areas such as dunes and deserts, where it burrows to stay cool and avoid extreme daytime temperatures.

## Behavior and Ecology

Arenivaga tonkawa is a nocturnal species that spends much of its time burrowing underground. This burrowing behavior is an adaptation to the extreme temperatures of desert environments. It is omnivorous, feeding on decaying plant material and small invertebrates. Females lay eggs in sheltered areas within the sand, where the young can develop safely.

## Conservation Status

There is no significant conservation concern for Arenivaga tonkawa at present, as the species maintains a stable population across its range. However, habitat destruction in desert regions could pose a potential threat in the future.
# SS Police Regiment Brixen

The SS Police Regiment Brixen (SS-Polizei-Regiment Brixen) was a security formation of the German Order Police during World War II. The unit operated along the Alps, conducting Nazi security warfare in German-occupied northern Italy.

## Formation and service

The unit was raised on 12 October 1944 in Brixen, Italy, from local conscripts (ethnically Germans) with a cadre of Germans; its training was completed in December. The previous month it reported a strength of 1,335 men in three battalions. When the men learned that it might be transferred to the front lines in early 1945, many deserted. In February, the two remaining battalions were used to rebuild SS Volunteer Grenadier Regiment 80 of the 31st SS Volunteer Grenadier Division.

## Citations

* ↑ Battistelli & Crociani, p. 39; Nix & Georges, p. 281; Tessin & Kannapin, p. 606
# Jaime López (pentathlete)

Jaime López Sánchez (born 13 February 1986 in Telde, Las Palmas) is a Spanish modern pentathlete. Lopez competed for the men's event, at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. During the competition, Lopez made a strong start in the early segments, until he fell off by his horse Gege and did not finish the run in the riding segment. After a disastrous fall from his horse and a broken leg, he abruptly finished in last place, with a score of 4,196 points.
# István Lovrics

István Lovrics (6 July 1927 – 13 April 1990) was a Hungarian basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Fushimi bugyō

Fushimi bugyō (伏見奉行) were officials of the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo-period Japan. Appointments to this prominent office were usually fudai daimyō, but this was amongst the senior administrative posts open to those who were not daimyō. Conventional interpretations have construed these Japanese titles as "commissioner", "overseer", or "governor".
This particular bakufu title identifies an official responsible for administration of the area near Fushimi, including the Kyoto barriers and the location of Fushimi Castle, which was dismantled in 1623.
This shogunate position was created in 1620.

## Shogunal city

During this period, Fushimi ranked with the largest urban centers, some of which were designated as a "shogunal city". The number of such cities rose from three to eleven under Tokugawa administration. Fushimi had its own bugyō because it was an important communication nexus on the north-south route.

## List of Fushimi bugyō

    This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
* Kobori Masakazu, also known as Kobori Enshu.
# NGC 4340

NGC 4340 is a double-barred lenticular galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices. NGC 4340 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 21, 1784. NGC 4340 is a member of the Virgo Cluster. NGC 4340 is generally thought to be in a pair with the galaxy NGC 4350.

## Physical characteristics

NGC 4340 has a small inner bar embedded in a luminous stellar nuclear ring. Even though the ring is luminous, there are no star-forming regions. Instead, the ring is made of mostly old stars in a gas-poor environment. The color of the ring is the same as the color of the surrounding bulge suggesting that it is probably an old, “fossil” remnant of an earlier episode of star-formation. Crossing the inner ring, there is a larger primary bar with ansae at the ends. Careful inspection shows that the two bars are slightly misaligned, which suggests they may be independently rotating. The larger primary bar connects to another ring that surrounds the central regions of the galaxy.

## Supernova

One supernova has been observed in NGC 4340: SN 1977A (type unknown, mag. 16.2) was discovered by Piotr Grigor'evich Kulikovsky on 27 January 1977.
# Peter Mann

Peter Mann may refer to:
* Peter Mann (footballer), Australian rules footballer
* Peter Mann (bishop), Anglican bishop
* Peter H. Mann, English sociologist
# Samaria (disambiguation)

Samaria is an historical province in the region of Palestine.
Samaria may also refer to:

## Places
### Levant - historical

* Kingdom of Israel (Samaria), the post-Judaite split northern kingdom
* Samaria (ancient city), capital of the post-Judaite split northern Kingdom of Israel, roughly 930–720 BC
* Samaria District, one of the six administrative districts of Mandatory Palestine during British rule

### Israel / West Bank - present

* Judea and Samaria Area, Israeli administrative divisions in the West Bank

### United States

* Samaria, Idaho, an unincorporated community in the United States
* Samaria, Indiana, a small town in the United States
* Samaria, Michigan, an unincorporated community in the United States

### Other places

* Samaria Gorge on the island of Crete
* Mount Samaria State Park, Victoria , Australia

## People

* Agnes Samaria, Namibian runner
* Bobby Samaria (born 1970), Namibian football manager and former player
* Samaria (Mitcham) Bailey, woman in the American civil rights movement
* Samaria Gómez, Salvadoran footballer (born 2002)

## Transport

* RMS Samaria (1920), a Cunard ocean liner
* Samaria, British Rail Class 40 diesel locomotive D228, built by English Electric

## Film

* Samaritan Girl (Korean: Samaria), a 2004 South Korean film
* Intrigo: Samaria, a 2019 German-Swedish-American mystery film

## Other uses

* The Samaria series of books by Sharon Shinn
* Samaria, other name for samarium(III) oxide, the sesquioxide of the chemical element samarium
* Samaria (bryozoan), an extinct genus of bryozoans in the order Fenestrata
* Samaria (reptile), an extinct genus of reptiles provisionally included in the family Procolophonidae
* Samaria (moth), a genus of moths in the family Pyralidae
# Dolf Niezen

Dolf Niezen (14 February 1926 – 1 May 2020) was a Dutch footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

## Career

Niezen joined ADO at the age of 9 and made his first-team debut at the age of 16. That season, in 1942 during World War II, the club became Dutch champion, making him the youngest goalkeeper to win the title. He made 97 league appearances for ADO between 1942 and 1949, before later playing for Quick.

## Later life and death

He died on 1 May 2020, aged 94.
# Frederik Bos

Frederik Bos (28 May 1866, Usselo, Overijssel - 11 June 1931, Twekkelo) was a Dutch politician.
* This article about a Dutch politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Stare Tajno

Stare Tajno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bargłów Kościelny, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.
# Washington's 20th legislative district

Washington's 20th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature.
The district includes a southern section of Thurston County, most of Lewis and Cowlitz counties, and the northern tip of Clark County.
This mostly rural district is represented by state senator John Braun and state representatives Peter Abbarno (position 1) and Ed Orcutt (position 2), all Republicans.

## History

The 20th District has not always been located in southwest Washington. For example, as of 1917, when Republican Ina Phillips Williams took one of the House seats, it represented Yakima County in central Washington.
# Mack Travis

Mack Henry Travis Jr. (born July 3, 1970) is an American former football player who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Detroit Lions for four games in 1993.
# Jerome Hartigan

Jerome Hartigan (born 30 August 1957) is an Irish modern pentathlete. He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics.

## Early life and education

Hartigan was born on 30 August 1957, in Ireland. He earned his Master's degree from Ithaca College and later coached their Men's Varsity Swimming and Diving Team.

## Career

Hartigan competed for Team Ireland at the 1980 Summer Olympics alongside Sackville Currie and Mark Hartigan. In 1988, Hartigan and Sophie Foster established Jumping Beans, a program to encourage brain development in pre-school aged children.
# Gracixalus quyeti

Gracixalus quyeti is a species of shrub frog. It is endemic to Vietnam, where it has been observed in Phong Nha–Ke Bang National Park, and Laos, where it has been observed in Hin Nam No National Protected Area and Nakai-Nam Theun National Protected Area. This frog has an altitude range of 300 to 1100 meters above sea level.
G. quyeti is smaller than most other frogs in Rhacophoridae. It has a triangle-shaped spot between its eyes. The skin of the frog's back is dark brown in color with a Y-shaped mark. There is some yellow-white color on the chest, with brown marbling.
This frog has been found in lowland and highland evergreen forests and karst forests. Scientists believe the female frog may lay eggs on leaves over water, into which the tadpoles fall, as other frogs in Rhacophoridae do, but this has not been confirmed.
Scientists classify this frog as vulnerable to extinction due to habitat degradation associated with the construction of roads, farms, and infrastructure and the human harvesting of forest products.
# Santiago Tarrío

Santiago Tarrío Ben (born 21 November 1990) is a Spanish professional golfer who currently plays on the Challenge Tour where has won twice.

## Amateur career

Tarrío started playing golf at the age of 7 and turned professional at the age of 17.

## Professional career

Tarrío did not start competing internationally until 2016. He had played two events in Spain on the 2015 Alps Tour, missing the cut on each occasion. However he finished 4th at the Alps Tour Qualifying School at the end of 2015, to gain a regular place on the tour for 2016. Tarrío was runner-up in the 72-hole Alps Costa del Sol, three strokes behind Tom Shadbolt, and finished the season 26th on the Order of Merit. He was 19th on the 2017 Order of Merit, finishing a stroke behind James Sharp at the Cervino Open. Tarrío won three events in 2016 and 2017 on the domestic Gambito Tour.
2018 was a break-through year for Tarrío. He won two events on the Alps Tour, the Gösser Open and the 72-hole Open International de la Mirabelle d'Or, was joint runner-up twice and led the Order of Merit, to gain a place on the Challenge Tour for 2019.
Tarrío played on the 2019 Challenge Tour. His best finish was a tied for 4th place at the Open de Bretagne and he finished the season 63rd on the Order of Merit. On the shorterned 2020 Challenge Tour, Tarrío had a fourth-place finish at the Dimension Data Pro-Am in South Africa and finished the season with a runner-up finish at the Challenge Tour Grand Final, ending the season 7th on the Order of Merit.
Tarrío won his first Challenge Tour event in June 2021, winning a three-man playoff for the D+D Real Czech Challenge. The following week he was third at the Challenge de Cádiz and his second win a week later at the Challenge de España. In August 2021 he finished solo third at the Hero Open, a European Tour event, after birdies at two of the last three holes.

## Professional wins (4)
### Challenge Tour wins (2)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runners-up |
| 1 | 6 Jun 2021 | D+D Real Czech Challenge | −17 (67-72-68-64=271) | Playoff | Julien Brun, Kristian Krogh Johannessen |
| 2 | 18 Jun 2021 | Challenge de España | −20 (71-64-67-66=268) | 1 stroke | Ewen Ferguson, Frédéric Lacroix, Blake Windred |
Challenge Tour playoff record (1–0)
| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponents | Result |
| 1 | 2021 | D+D Real Czech Challenge | Julien Brun, Kristian Krogh Johannessen | Won with birdie on fourth extra hole |

### Alps Tour wins (2)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1 | 26 May 2018 | Gösser Open | −13 (67-68-68=203) | 3 strokes | Louis Cohen Boyer, Kevin Hesbois, Lukas Nemecz |
| 2 | 24 Jun 2018 | Open International de la Mirabelle d'Or | −16 (64-68-71-65=268) | 5 strokes | Teremoana Beaucousin |

## Team appearances

* European Championships (representing Spain): 2018
# William Bay

William Bay may refer to:
* William Bay, Western Australia, a locality of the Shire of Denmark
** William Bay National Park, a national park in the above locality
* William Bay (Wisconsin legislator), Wisconsin assemblyman and railway union leader
* William Van Ness Bay (1818–1894), U.S. Representative from Missouri
# Hooligan Sparrow

Hooligan Sparrow is a 2016 documentary film about Ye Haiyan and other Chinese activists written and produced by Nanfu Wang.

## Synopsis

The documentary is about a child rape case in China (involving a government official) and the protests against it by activists Ye Haiyan, Shan Lihua, Tang Jitian, Wang Jianfen, Jia Lingmin, Wang Yu, and Huang. It is composed of footage captured surreptitiously, and smuggled out of the country, by Nanfu Wang.
# GU

GU, Gu, or gu may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Gu (instrument), Chinese drums
** Bangu (drum), or gu, a Chinese frame drum
* Global Underground, an electronic dance music compilation series
* GU Comics, an online comic
* .hack//G.U., a video game series
* Godzilla: Unleashed, a video game
* Gu (film), a 2024 Indian horror fantasy thriller film

## Businesses and organisations
### Businesses

* Gü, a dessert manufacturing company
* GU (retailer), Japanese clothing brand
* GU Energy Labs, a sports nutrition product manufacturer

### Universities

* Gandhara University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
* Gannon University, Erie, Pennsylvania, United States
* Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
* Georgetown University, Washington D.C., United States
* Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
* Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
* Gonzaga University, Spokane, Washington, United States
* University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (Swedish: Göteborgs universitet)
* Grantham University, now University of Arkansas Grantham, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
* Griffith University, several campuses in Brisbane and the Gold Coast area, Australia
* University of Guilan, Guilan, Rasht, Iran
* Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

## People

* Gu (surname) (顾), a Chinese family name
* Gǔ (surname) (谷), a Chinese family name
* Gǔ (surname 古), a Chinese family name
* Gū (surname) (辜), a Chinese family name

## Places

* Gu County, Shanxi, China
* Gu, Chabahar, Iran
* Gu (administrative division), South Korea
* Gu's Park, former name of Fuxing Park in Shanghai, China
* GU postcode area, or Guildford postcode area, England
* Guam, ISO 3166 code GU

## Other uses

* Gu (digraph)
* Gu (god), a spirit that appears in several African religions
* Gu (poison), a venom-based poison associated with cultures of south China
* Gu (vessel), a type of ancient Chinese ritual bronze vessel
* Gujarati language, ISO 639-1 language code gu
* gu, several characters in the Sumerian language
* Gu (kana), or ku
* GU, a prefix for several types of bi-pin lamp base
# Myrmecocystus

Myrmecocystus (from Koine Greek μυρμήκιον [mýrmikion], meaning "ant", and κύστις [kýstis], meaning "bladder" or "sac"), is a North American genus of ants in the subfamily Formicinae. It is one of five genera that includes honeypot ants. Worker ants keep and tend plerergates, which are other ants that store large quantities of nutritious fluid in their abdomens to feed the colony during famine times. Some species engage in highly territorial tournaments, which can result in intraspecific slavery. During the raids, they carry off larvae, workers, and plerergates. The genus has three subgenera, namely Myrmecocystus, Endiodioctes, and Eremnocystus.

## Species

* Subgenus Myrmecosystus
** Myrmecocystus christineae Snelling, 1982
** Myrmecocystus ewarti Snelling, 1971
** Myrmecocystus melanoticus Wheeler, 1914
** Myrmecocystus mexicanus Wesmael, 1838
** Myrmecocystus navajo Wheeler, 1908
** Myrmecocystus pyramicus Smith, 1951
** Myrmecocystus testaceus Emery, 1893
* Subgenus Endiodioctes
** Myrmecocystus depilis Forel, 1901
** Myrmecocystus flaviceps Wheeler, 1912
** Myrmecocystus intonsus Snelling, 1976
** Myrmecocystus kathjuli Snelling, 1976
** Myrmecocystus kennedyi Snelling, 1969
** Myrmecocystus koso Snelling, 1976
** Myrmecocystus melliger Forel, 1886
** Myrmecocystus mendax Wheeler, 1908
** Myrmecocystus mimicus Wheeler, 1908
** Myrmecocystus nequazcatl Snelling, 1976
** Myrmecocystus placodops Forel, 1908
** Myrmecocystus romainei Hunt & Snelling, 1975
** Myrmecocystus semirufus Emery, 1893
** Myrmecocystus wheeleri Snelling, 1971
* Subgenus Eremnocystus
** Myrmecocystus arenarius Snelling, 1982
** Myrmecocystus colei Snelling, 1976
** Myrmecocystus creightoni Snelling, 1971
** Myrmecocystus hammettensis Cole, 1938
** Myrmecocystus lugubris Wheeler, 1909
** Myrmecocystus perimeces Snelling, 1976
** Myrmecocystus snellingi Bolton, 1995
** Myrmecocystus tenuinodis Snelling, 1976
** Myrmecocystus yuma Wheeler, 1912
* Unplaced to subgenus
** Myrmecocystus baja Sankey-Alamilla et al., 2024

## Media

* Natural World: Empire of the Desert Ants, BBC TWO 10 August 2011, 8 pm BST; information about it on BBC Nature
# Kuala Belait Library

Daerah Belait Library (Malay: Perpustakaan Daerah Belait, officially Perpustakaan Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Kuala Belait) is a public library located in Kuala Belait, Brunei. It is one of the public libraries operated by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei.

## History

The library was established on 14 July 1975, initially located at Jalan Bunga Raya. It moved to the present building at Jalan Padang in 1986, which was inaugurated by Princess Masna on 19 June in that year.
# Cessna Comet

The Cessna Comet was an early aircraft designed and built by Clyde Cessna in the United States in 1917. It was a conventionally configured wire-braced monoplane with a semi-enclosed cabin that seated one passenger in addition to the pilot. On 5 July 1917, Cessna used it to set a national airspeed record of 124.6 mph (200.5 km/h) and national distance record of 76 miles (122 km) flying from Blackwell, Oklahoma, to Wichita, Kansas.

## Specifications

General characteristics
* Crew: One pilot
* Capacity: 1 passenger
* Powerplant: 1 × Anzani , 60 hp (45 kW)
Performance
# Daniel Bell (field hockey)

Daniel Bell OLY (born 28 September 1994) is a South African field hockey player who plays as a defender for Belgian Hockey League club Beerschot and the South African national team.
He competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Club career

Bell moved to Europe in 2016 to play for Gantoise in the Belgian second division. He was immediately promoted and then stayed at Gantoise until 2019 when he joined his current club Royal Daring. He played for five years for Daring before joining Beerschot in 2024.
# Francisco de Paula Mellado

Francisco de Paula Mellado was a Spanish geographer, journalist, writer and editor who published the Enciclopedia moderna between 1851 and 1855.

## Works

* Aventuras extraordinarias de los viageros célebre, Madrid, 1850.
* Diccionario de artes y manufacturas..., Madrid: Est. Tip. de Mellado, 1856–57, 4 vol.
* Diccionario universal de historia y geografía, Madrid: Est. Tip. de Francisco de Paula Mellado, 1846–50, 8 vol.
* España geográfica, histórica, estadística y pintoresca:..., Madrid: Mellado: Gabinete literario, 1845, 946 pág.
* Guía del viajero de España, Madrid: Est. Tipogr., 1846.
* Recuerdos de un viaje por España, Madrid: Vieja España, 1975, 3 vol.
* Others
# Eddy Achterberg

Eddy Achterberg (born 21 February 1947 in Utrecht) is a retired Dutch football player and coach. As of February 2009, he is a scout with FC Schalke 04.

## Career
### Club

A professional for fifteen years prior to signing for Dutch side DOS (the predecessor to FC Utrecht), Eddy Achterberg transferred to FC Twente in 1967, playing 246 games for the Eredivisie club, scoring 26 goals. The midfielder played in 27 UEFA Cup matches for Twente; reaching the semi-final in the 1972–73 season and the final during the 1973–74 season, where the club lost to Borussia Mönchengladbach. After breaking his leg in 1974, he never returned to his previous form, and transferred to FC Groningen in 1976, retiring in 1978.

### Managerial

Following the end of his playing career, he became the representative of a German sportswear manufacturer, and innkeeper. In 1988, he became youth and second team coach, and later co-manager at former club FC Twente. In 1994, he moved to Roda JC Kerkrade, where he co-managed alongside Huub Stevens. After Stevens moved to FC Schalke 04, Achterberg was briefly promoted to head coach, before following his colleague to the Bundesliga club, with whom he won the UEFA Cup in 1997. Achterberg returned to FC Twente in 2000, becoming co-manager alongside Fred Rutten, winning the KNVB Cup the same season. After a spell as coach of the Twente second team, Achterberg spent a second spell in Gelsenkirchen from 2003 until 2005. Following the dismissal of Jupp Heynckes on 15 September until the appointment of Ralf Rangnick on 28 September 2004, he briefly served as caretaker-manager of the club.
During his time in Enschede, Achterberg's nickname was De Keu, which goes back to "het keutje", as he was called in Utrecht. In the local dialect, this is another name for "Little pig." According to Achterberg: "The name didn't fit me at all, which was the very reason I was given it. My friends would always say to me: Here comes 'de Keu,' the fat pig with the crooked legs."
Achterberg, along with other players and fans of FC Twente, released a song entitled "Eenmaal zullen wij de kampioenen zijn" (Once we will be the Champions) in the successful 1973/4 season, which became the unofficial club song.