OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paskačić noble family

The Paskačić family (Serbian Cyrillic: Паскачић, pl. Paskačići / Паскачићи) was a Serbian noble family that served the Serbian Empire, of Dušan the Mighty (r. 1331-1355) and Uroš the Weak (r. 1355-1371), then the Mrnjavčević family' as Lords of Prilep (1371–1395) during the Fall of the Serbian Empire.

## History

The eponymous founder was kefalija Paskač, and the family base was in Slavište (modern North Macedonia) and they held the modern border region between Serbia and the latter. Paskač had a son, Vlatko Paskačić, (hence, the family is also known as Vlatković (Serbian Cyrillic: Влатковић, pl. Vlatkovići / Влатковићи)) who received the title of sevastokrator in 1365, when Vukašin Mrnjavčević was declared co-ruler as King of Serbs and Greeks.

## Family

* knez Paskač, married Ozra
** sevastokrator Vlatko, married Vladislava
*** Stefan
*** kesar Uglješa (fl. 1371 - after 1427)
**** Stefan (d. ca. 1400)
*** son (possibly Uroš)
# Empress Dowager Fu (Later Zhou)

Empress Fu (符皇后, given name unknown, c. 932–993) was an empress consort and empress dowager during the Later Zhou dynasty. She was a daughter of general Fu Yanqing and a younger sister of Empress Xuanyi (Empress Fu the Elder), who was married to the Later Zhou emperor Guo Rong (Chai Rong) from 951 or so (before he became the emperor in 954) to 956. Guo Rong had been without a wife ever since Empress Xuanyi's death in 956, and he married the younger Fu in July 959 when he fell critically ill. The marriage was clearly political and most likely not consummated: Guo Rong died 10 days later and was succeeded by his 6-year-old son Guo Zongxun. Empress Dowager Fu as his guardian became the regent.
During her reign, she relied heavily on the advice of chief ministers Fan Zhi, Wang Pu, and Wei Renpu. Half a year later, general Zhao Kuangyin staged a coup and usurped the Later Zhou throne, establishing the Song dynasty. The empress dowager and the child emperor were exiled to the Western Capital (Luoyang) where they lived out the rest of their lives. After Guo Zongxun's death in 973, she became a Taoist nun with the title Master Yuqing (玉清仙師). She died in 993, during the reign of Emperor Taizong of Song, who was married to another sister of hers before 975.
# Zoltán Kuhárszky

Zoltán Kuhárszky (born 8 July 1959) is a former tennis player from Hungary who became a Swiss citizen in 1995. Kuharszky won two doubles titles during his professional career. He reached his highest singles ATP ranking on July 30, 1984, when he became the number 53 in the world, though he never won a singles title in his career.
Zoltan Kuharszky was the captain of the Hungary Davis Cup team from December 2014 to December 2016. He stepped down due to conflict of interest because he became the coach of Máté Valkusz who is a member of the Hungarian Davis Cup team. In the past, he coached Anke Huber, Jennifer Capriati, Ana Ivanovic, Myriam Casanova, Ágnes Szávay, Polona Hercog, and Petra Martić.

## Career finals
### Doubles (2 won, 3 lost)

| Result | W/L | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponent | Score |
| Win | 1–0 | Feb 1982 | Buenos Aires, Argentina | Clay | Hans Kary | Ángel Giménez Manuel Orantes | 7–5, 6–2 |
| Loss | 1–1 | May 1983 | Madrid, Spain | Clay | Markus Günthardt | Heinz Günthardt Pavel Složil | 3–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1–2 | Jun 1983 | Venice, Italy | Clay | Steve Krulevitz | Francisco González Víctor Pecci | 1–6, 2–6 |
| Loss | 1–3 | Jul 1983 | Kitzbühel, Austria | Clay | Colin Dowdeswell | Wojtek Fibak Pavel Složil | 5–7, 2–6 |
| Win | 2–3 | Oct 1983 | Tel Aviv, Israel | Hard | Colin Dowdeswell | Peter Elter Peter Feigl | 6–4, 7–5 |
# Pöttsching

Pöttsching (Hungarian: Pecsenyéd, Croatian: Pečva) is a town in the district of Mattersburg in the Austrian state of Burgenland.
The origin of the Hungarian name Pecsenyéd is reported to be from Pechenegs who settled in the area during the Middle Ages.
# Arthur L. Turner

Arthur L. Turner (born December 2, 1950) is a former Democratic member of the Illinois House of Representatives, representing the 9th District from 1981 to 2010, and serving as the Deputy Majority Leader. He was a candidate for the Democratic Party nomination for Lieutenant Governor of Illinois in 2010, but placed second to Scott Lee Cohen. Mr. Cohen relinquished the nomination after controversies involving his personal life became public. On March 27, 2010, the 38-member Democratic State Central Committee, chose Sheila Simon to be the candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Illinois over Turner.

## Education

Turner attended St. Mel High School, graduating with honors, and went on to Illinois State University, earned a B.S. in Business Administration, and Lewis University, earning a Master of Science in Social Justice.

## Career

After earning his master's degree, Turner worked as an investigator for the Cook County States' Attorney from 1973 to 1981.

## State representative

In 1985, a federal judge ordered William Carothers, his two sons including Isaac Carothers, and a fourth man to pay $152,000 in damages as a result of a campaign of violence and intimidation against Turner. William Carothers' former assistant, Ozzie Hitchins, challenged incumbent Illinois State Representative Turner in 1982. Hitchins was supported by the then imprisoned William Carothers. Turner aides were threatened with guns and one Turner aide suffering severe injuries to the side of the head, including broken bones. Turner and aides filed a civil lawsuit following their defeat by Hitchins.
As a member of the Illinois House of Representatives, Turner is a member of two committees, the Committee of the Whole and Rules. He has also served as the Deputy Majority Leader for eighteen years. As a State Representative, Turner has promoted fair housing legislation. He spearheaded a trust fund to buy and renovate housing to make affordable units available to low-income families. The Fund averages about $18 million per year and helps families statewide. Turner also supported tougher restrictions when deciding whether a repeat domestic violence abuser should be let out on bail.

## Personal life

Representative Turner and his wife have two sons and reside in the neighborhood of North Lawndale, Chicago. He was born and raised there, and lives a half a block away from his childhood home.
# Viorel Manole

Viorel Manole (born 31 May 1956) is a Romanian former volleyball player who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Manole was born in Brasov.
In 1980, Manole was a member of the Romanian team that won the bronze medal in the Olympic tournament.
# John Rogerios Dalassenos

John Roger or Rogerios (Greek: Ιωάννης Ρογέριος), also known as John Dalassenos (Greek: Ιωάννης Δαλασσηνός), was a Byzantine aristocrat of Norman descent, son-in-law of Byzantine emperor John II Komnenos (r. 1118–1143) and Caesar. In 1143, he unsuccessfully conspired to seize the throne.

## Biography

John Rogerios was the son of a certain Roger, a Norman who defected to Byzantium during the Byzantine–Norman wars and entered imperial service, and of an unnamed lady of the Dalassenos clan. John himself evidently preferred to use the more prestigious surname of his mother's family, which is found on his seal, but historians, from John Kinnamos to modern scholars, most often use his Norman patronymic.
Through his Dalassenoi blood, Roger was already a relative of the ruling Komnenos dynasty, and this link was reinforced when he married John II's eldest daughter Maria and was raised to the rank of caesar. His life is otherwise obscure until 1143, when, on the death of John II, he plotted to usurp the throne from Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143–1180). He enjoyed some support within the nobility, above all among the various Normans in the imperial capital, most prominent of whom was the exiled prince of Capua, Robert II. His wife, however, loyal to her brother, reported the conspiracy, whereupon John was tricked into leaving the capital and taken prisoner.
John was soon forgiven and restored to his position, at about the time Maria died in circa 1146, as he is recorded as participating in a synod at the Blachernae Palace in February 1147. In 1152, he is recorded as a governor at Strumica in the upper Vardar river valley. In the same year, he was sent to Antioch as an imperial candidate for the hand of the widowed Princess Constance of Antioch. Despite his lofty title and Norman ancestry, Constance found him too old and unattractive, and rejected him in favour of Reynald of Châtillon.
John returned to the Empire and retired to a monastery, where he died at an unknown date (possibly after 1166).

### Family

By his marriage with Maria, John had four children:
* Andronikos Komnenos (died 1191).
* Alexios Komnenos.
* Anna Komnene, who married the general Alexios Petraliphas.
* Theodora Komnene (unascertained), who married John Kontostephanos, brother of the megas doux Andronikos Kontostephanos.
# Malta Chess Federation

The Malta Chess Federation (also known as MCF and in Maltese: Il-Federazzjoni Maltija taċ-Ċess) is the governing body for chess competition in Malta and represents Malta in FIDE, the World Chess Federation. MCF does not administer an official national rating system but relies on the International Elo rating system administered by FIDE .
The MCF awards national titles, including the Malta Open Chess Champion, the Malta Junior Chess Champion, the Malta Rapid Chess Champion and the Malta Blitz Champion. The MCF was founded and incorporated in Malta in 1923. It is a non-profit organization headquartered in Ħandaq, Qormi, Malta.

## History

According to the MCF, chess in Malta started in the 1800s. In the 1880s, Leone Benjacar, a chess enthusiast, recorded his first chess problems and chess articles. Other Maltese players such as Monreale, Marich, Ghio, Preziosi, Cesareo and Monpalap Depiro started to meet and play matches and tournaments of which games are still in existence. It is believed that Benjacar had set up a chess club in Valletta during the period 1880 and 1893.
Erin Serracino Inglott set up the Malta Chess Association in 1923, building up on the work of Benjacar.
MCF became a member of FIDE in 1959 following Max Euwe's recommendation. MCF organised the 24th Chess Olympiad in 1980.

## National Championships

The MCF is responsible for organising the Maltese Chess Championships. These consist of the Open Championships, the Rapid Championships, the Blitz Championships and the Junior Championships.
In 2024, the Malta Open Championship was won by Jack Mizzi. In 2022, the Malta Rapid Chess Championship was won by Jack Mizzi. In 2022, 2023 and 2024 the Malta Blitz Chess Championship was won by Jack Mizzi. In 2022, 2023 and 2024, the Malta Junior Chess Championship was won by Jack Mizzi.

### Covid Pandemic

In 2021, the MCF organised a Blitz and Rapid Gran Prix that were played online. This is because chess on the board was banned as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Both the Blitz Gran Prix and the Rapid Gran Prix were won by Jack Mizzi.
# Stress-induced leakage current

Stress-induced leakage current (SILC) is an increase in the gate leakage current of a MOSFET, used in semiconductor physics. It occurs due to defects created in the gate oxide during electrical stressing. SILC is perhaps the largest factor inhibiting device miniaturization. Increased leakage is a common failure mode of electronic devices.

## Oxide defects

The most well-studied defects assisting in the leakage current are those produced by charge trapping in the oxide. This model provides a point of attack and has stimulated researchers to develop methods to decrease the rate of charge trapping by mechanisms such as nitrous oxide (N$_2$O) nitridation of the oxide.
SILC is linked to the trap density in an oxide, i.e. the density of defects. The SILC may be measured to determine the neutral trap density in that oxide. However, the oxide traps responsible for SILC are not necessarily responsible for oxide breakdown, as SILC and oxide breakdown have different annealing kinetics.
# Dick Hess

Dick Lee Hess (September 12, 1938 – September 6, 2013) was a Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 78th District and was elected in 1986. He was also the Republican chairman of the House Transportation Committee. Hess served until his death on September 6, 2013.

## Career

Prior to being elected to the General Assembly in 1986, Hess served for 15 years as Bedford County’s Prothonotary and Clerk of Courts. He began his career in public service in 1964 as chief clerk to the Bedford County Commissioners, a position he held for seven and a half years.

## Personal

When not in Harrisburg, Hess was active in his district as a member of the Bedford County Memorial Hospital Board of Trustees, the University of Pittsburgh-Johnstown Advisory Board, Bedford United Methodist Church Finance Committee, and the Broad Top Home Nursing Advisory Board.
A 1958 graduate of Saxton Liberty High School, Hess resided in Bedford with his wife of 48 years. The couple has one son, Jeff, daughter in law Lizette and three grandchildren, Erika, Zachary and Haden.
Hess died on September 6, 2013, from complications following leg surgery.
# Mikke Louhela

Mikke Louhela (born 29 May 1997) is a Finnish professional footballer who plays for SalPa, as a midfielder.
# Zoltán Mohi

Zoltán Mohi (born 6 June 1967) is a Hungarian water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Georges Picot

Georges Marie René Picot (French:; 24 December 1838 – 16 August 1909) was a French lawyer and historian.
His main work is Histoire des États généraux for which he twice gained the prize of the French Academy in 1873 and 1874.

## Biography

Georges Picot was born in Paris, son of Charles Picot (Orléans, 4 August 1795 – Paris, 31 January 1870) and his wife Henriette Bidois (Paris, 1799 – Paris, 19 November 1862). He married in Saint-Bouize on 19 June 1865 with Marie Adélaïde Marthe Bachasson de Montalivet (Paris, 9 October 1844 – Paris, 2 August 1914), daughter of Marthe Camille Bachasson, Count of Montalivet and, according to some (though disputed by many) a great-granddaughter of King Louis XV of France by one of his mistresses, Catherine Eléonore Bernard (1740–1769).
He had seven children, the third of whom was the diplomat François Georges-Picot, and the fifth, Geneviève Picot, was the maternal grandmother of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. Through his son Charles, he was a grandfather of Jacques Georges-Picot, chairman of Suez Canal Company.
He died in Allevard-les-Bains.

## Works

* Histoire des États généraux: considérés au point de vue de leur influence sur le gouvernement de la France de 1355 à 1614. – Paris, 1872 (4 vols.) – online: Band 1, Tom. 2, Tom. 3, Tom. 4 (2me édition, revue et augmentée en cinq volumes. Paris: Hachette, 1888)
* Socialisme et devoir social. – Paris : A. Picard, 1890
* L’Usage de la liberté. – Paris, 1893
* La Lutte contre le socialisme révolutionnaire. – Paris: A. Colin, 1895 Document électronique
* Notice historique sur la vie et les travaux de Jules Simon: lue dans la séance publique annuelle de l’Académie des sciences morales et politiques du 5 décembre 1896. – Paris: Firmin Didot, 1896 Document électronique
* Barthélemy Saint-Hilaire : notice historique. – Paris: Hachette, 1899 Document électronique
* Gladstone. – Paris, 1904
# Glenda Bailey

Dame Glenda Adrianne Bailey (born 16 November 1958) is a former editor-in-chief of Harper’s Bazaar, a monthly fashion magazine published by the Hearst Corporation. She was in this position from May 2001 to 2020.

## Early life

Bailey was born in the Alvaston area of Derby, England, on 16 November 1958. Aged two, she suffered from meningitis. She grew up in nearby Allenton and was educated at Noel-Baker School. She earned a degree in fashion design from Kingston University. Before establishing herself in publishing, she produced a collection for Guisi Slaverio in Italy in 1983.

## Career

Bailey served as the final editor of Honey magazine in 1986. She also launched FOLIO, a quarterly fashion magazine.
In 1988, she was appointed launch editor of the British edition of Marie Claire. Marie Claire earned her three Magazine Editor of the Year Awards, five Magazine of the Year Awards and two Amnesty International Awards, for her coverage of human rights affairs. In August 1995, she was named as International Editorial Consultant for all 26 editions of Marie Claire. From June 1996, she served as editor-in-chief of the U.S. edition of Marie Claire, before joining Harper's Bazaar as editor-in-chief in May 2001.
In January 2020, Bailey announced her plans to leave the editorial position but continue on as a consultant.
Some of Bailey's notable works during her time at Harper's Bazaar magazine were renowned for their memorable imagery.

## Personal life

Glenda Bailey met her long-time companion, Stephen Sumner, in 1977, and they have been together ever since. They live in New York.

## Honours

She was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to journalism and fashion in the 2008 New Year Honours. She was advanced to Dame Commander (DBE) in the 2019 New Year Honours.
She was awarded the Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres from the government of France in 2012.
# Capital Allowances Act 2001

The Capital Allowances Act 2001 (c. 2) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that governs how capital allowances are deducted from income taxable under the Income Tax Act 2007 and the Corporation Tax Act 2009.

## Types of allowances

Capital allowances fall under several categories:
   * initial allowance (IA);
   * annual investment allowance (AIA)
   * first-year allowance (FYA);
   * writing down allowance (WDA);
   * balancing allowance.
Under the Act, they are available for specified types of claims:
CAA 2001: available allowances :
| Part | Allowance | IA | AIA | FYA | WDA |
| 2 | plant and machinery | | Y | Y | Y |
| 3 | industrial buildings | Y | | | N |
| 4 | agricultural buildings | | | | |
| 4A | flat conversion | | | | |
| 5 | mineral extraction | | | | Y |
| 6 | research and development | | | Y | |
| 7 | know-how | | | | Y |
| 8 | patents | | | | Y |
| 9 | dredging | | | | Y |
| 10 | assured tenancies | | | | Y |
# Ornament

An ornament is something used for decoration.
Ornament may also refer to:

## Decoration

* Ornament (art), any purely decorative element in architecture and the decorative arts
* Ornamental turning
* Biological ornament, a characteristic of animals that appear to serve only a decorative purpose
* Bronze and brass ornamental work, decorative work that dates back to antiquity
* Christmas ornament, a decoration used to festoon a Christmas tree
* Dingbat, decorations in typography
* Garden ornament, a decoration in a garden, landscape, or park
* Hood ornament, a decoration on the hood of an automobile
* Lawn ornament, a decoration in a grassy area
* Ornamental plant, a decorative plant
* Peak ornament, a decoration under the peak of the eaves of a gabled building

## Music

* Ornament (music), a flourish that serves to decorate music
* Ornament, a Russian band, forerunner to the band Kukuruza

## Other uses

* Ornament (football), the football team from Hong Kong
* Ornaments Rubric, a prayer of the Church of England
# Walter Lambertus

Walter Lambertus (14 August 1955 – 21 March 2019) was a Romanian rower. He competed in the men's single sculls event at the 1976 Summer Olympics. Lambertus sought asylum in Canada during the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Rupert Onslow, 8th Earl of Onslow

Rupert Charles William Bullard Onslow, 8th Earl of Onslow (born 16 June 1967), known as Viscount Cranley from 1971 to 2011, is a British noble and hereditary peer.

## Biography

The son of Michael Onslow, 7th Earl of Onslow, and Robin, Countess of Onslow, the Earl of Onslow was educated at Eton College, Western Kentucky University and at King's College London where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1990.
Onslow (then Viscount Cranley) married Leigh Jones-Fenleigh (now Countess of Onslow) on 10 September 1999, an alumna of Cheltenham Ladies' College. They have one child, Lady Olympia Patricia May-Rose Onslow (born 7 July 2003).
Onslow became the 8th Earl of Onslow on the death of his father Michael Onslow, 7th Earl of Onslow, in 2011.
Lord Onslow lives at, owns and manages the Clandon Park agricultural estate. In April 2015 Clandon House burned down, and in that year Onslow said that he wanted the building left as a shell and for the insurance money to be spent on Wentworth Woodhouse, which needed assistance. However Marcus Binney of SAVE disagreed, saying "It would be a terrible waste to leave it as a ruin. As for spending the money elsewhere, you'll be very lucky if the Government don't snaffle it to rebuild the Houses of Parliament". By 2017 Onslow was still disputing the National Trust's plans to develop the ruin as a visitor centre, saying that "the trust would be better off spending the insurance money on buying and preserving another endangered property".
Onslow specialises in insuring fine art; he is the Fine Art Underwriter at The Channel Syndicate in Lloyd's. His leisure activities are riding, photography and shooting.

## Titles

* 1967–1971 – The Honourable Rupert Onslow
* 1971–2011 – Viscount Cranley
* 2011–present – The Right Honourable The Earl of Onslow
# Barry Oringer

Barry Oringer (December 3, 1935 – January 10, 2021) was an American producer and screenwriter. He was known for writing the pilot episode of the American soap opera television series Hotel with John Furia Jr.

## Life and career

Born in New York, Oringer was raised in a Jewish family. He attended Brooklyn College, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in drama and English.
Oringer began his career in 1962, when he wrote the English script for Curtis Bernhardt's film Damon and Pythias. He then wrote for television programs including The Invaders, Mannix, The Fugitive, Ben Casey, Barnaby Jones, The F.B.I., Lancer, I Spy and The Virginian.
Barry Oringer died in January 2021, of Lewy body disease at his home in Novato, California, at the age of 85. He was buried in Bolinas Cemetery.
# Skjern railway station

Skjern railway station is a railway station serving the town of Skjern in West Jutland, Denmark.
The station is located on the West Jutland longitudinal railway line (Danish: Den Vestjyske Længdebane) from Esbjerg to Struer and is the western terminus of the Skanderborg–Skjern railway line from Skanderborg to Skjern. It offers regional train services to Aarhus, Esbjerg, Herning and Holstebro. The train services are currently operated by the railway companies GoCollective and Midtjyske Jernbaner.

## History

Skjern station was opened on 8 August 1875 with the opening of the Varde-Ringkøbing section of the West Jutland longitudinal railway line (Danish: Den Vestjyske Længdebane) from Esbjerg to Struer. In 1881, Skjern station also became the western terminus of the Herning-Skjern section of the Skanderborg–Skjern railway line.
On 15 November 1920 Skjern station also became the southern terminus of the new Skjern-Videbæk railway line, which connected Skjern with the village of Videbæk. This railway line was meant to be prolonged to Skive but this was never realized. Passenger traffic on the Skjern-Videbæk railway line stopped on 2 October 1955, with freight traffic on the line continuing until 1 June 1981.

## Architecture

Like the other stations on the Esbjerg–Struer railway line, the still existing station building from 1875 was built to designs by the Danish architect Niels Peder Christian Holsøe (1826–1895), known for the numerous railway stations he designed across Denmark in his capacity of head architect of the Danish State Railways.

## Facilities

The station building contains ticket machines, a waiting room and toilets.

## Operations

The train services are operated by the railway companies GoCollective and Midtjyske Jernbaner. The station offers direct regional train services to Aarhus, Esbjerg, Herning and Holstebro.