OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2024 Declaration of martial law in South Korea

On December 3, 2024, South Korean president Yoon Suk Yeo declared martial law in the country citing concerns over what he considered to be the support of North Korea among South Koreans in order to "protect the liberal constitutional order." Yoon accused the country's opposition of controlling the parliament, sympathizing with North Korea and paralyzing the government with "anti-state activities."

## Background

Yoon's party, the People Power Party (PPP), has been contending with the opposition, led by the Democratic Party (DPK), over the government's 2025 buget bill in the parliament.
The DPK has also been trying to impeach three top prosecutors related to scandals involving Yoon's government officials and his wife.

## Reactions

Both the opposition and Yoon's party leader, Han Dong-hoon, opposed the measure and criticized him.
The DPK called an emergency meeting with its lawmakers to decide the next steps after Yoon's declaration of martial law.
Lee Jae-myung, the opposition leader, called on South Koreans to rally against the measure at the National Assembly building saying "President Yoon Seok Yeol has betrayed the people. President Yoon’s illegal declaration of emergency martial law is null and void. From this moment on, Mr. Yoon is no longer the president of South Korea."
# Kendra Moore

Kendra Moore is an American politician who has served as a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives since January 9, 2023. She represents Arkansas' 23rd House district.

## Electoral history

She was elected on November 8, 2022, in the 2022 Arkansas House of Representatives election against Libertarian opponent Ryan Hanson. She assumed office on January 9, 2023.

## Biography

Moore earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Arkansas and a Master of Business Administration from John Brown University. She has served on the board of education of the Lincoln Consolidated School District.
# Braunsel

The Braunsel is a short river in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is 0.9 km (0.6 mi) long and flows into the Danube near Rechtenstein.
# Benjamin Van Blarcom

Benjamin Weatherspoon Van Blarcom (April 4, 1823 – c. 1901) was a manufacturer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Digby County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1878 to 1882.
He was born in Granville, Nova Scotia, the son of Martin Van Blarcom and Sarah Leonard. Van Blarcom married Catherine Nickerson. He was involved in the production of shingles. Van Blarcom served as a justice of the peace. He was sheriff for Digby County from 1882 to 1886. He lived in Brighton.
# Caleb Shaffner

Caleb Willoughby Shaffner (February 1, 1846 – December 28, 1904) was a travelling salesman and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Annapolis County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1878 to 1882 as a Conservative member.
He was born in Nicteaux, Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, of German descent, and was educated at Acadia College. In 1871, he married Annie Wood. He was a lieutenant-colonel in the local militia. Shaffner lived in Wilmot, Nova Scotia. He died in Truro at the age of 87.
# Peter Moran

Peter Moran may refer to:
* Peter Moran (bishop), Roman Catholic bishop
* Peter Moran (painter), British-born American painter and etcher
* Peter K. Moran, Irish pianist, composer, and music publisher
# Tremor Mountain

Tremor Mountain is a prominent 2,691-metre (8,829-foot) summit located in the Garibaldi Ranges of the Coast Mountains, in Garibaldi Provincial Park of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is the highest point of the Spearhead Range, which is a subset of the Garibaldi Ranges. It is situated 13 km (8 mi) southeast of Whistler, and 8.7 km (5 mi) south of Wedge Mountain, its nearest higher peak. Precipitation runoff from the south side of the peak as well as meltwater from the Platform Glacier drains into Fitzsimmons Creek which is a tributary of the Green River. Meltwater from the Tremor Glacier on the northwestern slope drains to Wedge Creek, and meltwater from the Shudder Glacier on the northeast slope drains into Billygoat Creek, a tributary of the Lillooet River. Tremor Mountain is often climbed as part of the Spearhead Traverse. The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1928 by A.J. Campbell Garibaldi survey party. The mountain's name origin refers to unexplained earth tremors when the first ascent party was on the summit. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted on September 6, 1951, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Tremor Mountain is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Coast Mountains where they are forced upward by the range (orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall. As a result, the Coast Mountains experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. The months July through September offer the most favorable weather for climbing Tremor Mountain.

## Climbing Routes

Established climbing routes on Tremor Mountain:
* East Ridge
* West Face
* North Face
* West Ridge

## Gallery

* Northwest aspect
* Northwest aspect
* Tremor Mountain in winter
# Arthur Bell (martyr)

Arthur "Francis" Bell, OFM (13 January 1590 – 11 December 1643) was an English Franciscan friar. He was found guilty of being a Catholic priest by a court sitting under the auspices of Parliament during the English Civil War. He was executed at Tyburn in London. Bell was beatified by Pope John Paul II on 22 November 1987.

## Biography

Bell was born at Temple-Broughton near Worcester on 13 January 1590, a son of the lawyer William Bell. When he was eight his father died and his mother gave him into the charge of her brother, Francis Daniel of Acton in Suffolk, a man of wealth, learning and piety. When Arthur was twenty-four he was sent to the English college at St.-Omer. He later went to the St. Alban's College in Valladolid to continue and complete his studies.
Bell received the habit of the Franciscan Order at Segovia, Spain on 8 August 1618, taking the religious name Francis. After the completion of his novitiate and the ordination to priesthood, he was called from Spain to labour in the restoration of the English province of the Franciscans. He was one of the first members of the Franciscan community at Douai, where he subsequently taught as a professor of Hebrew and fulfilled the office of the guardian (superior of a convent). He was well-versed in Latin, Hebrew, Greek, Spanish, French, Flemish and English. Among his students was Henry Heath.
While there, Bell published an octavo volume containing his fathers will of 1587, a statement of his theological opinions, and his pedigree. He also served as chaplain to the Poor Clares at Gravelines. He was then transferred to Brussels. By then, he was already known to the English authorities.
In 1632 Bell was sent to Scotland as first provincial of the Franciscan province there; but his efforts to restore the order in Scotland were unsuccessful.
In 1634 he returned to England, where he laboured until November 1643, when he was apprehended by the parliamentary troops at Stevenage in Hertfordshire on suspicion of being a spy. A search of his papers provided evidence that he was a Roman Catholic priest, and on that basis he was committed to the Newgate prison.
He was condemned as a priest on the evidence of James Wadsworth, Thomas Mayhew or Mayo, and Thomas Gage. The circumstances of his trial show Bell's devotedness to the cause of the Catholic faith and his willingness to suffer for the faith. When condemned to be hanged, drawn and quartered it is said that he broke forth into a solemn Te Deum and thanked his judges profusely for the favour they were conferring upon him in allowing him to die for Christ.

## Works

Bell wrote The History, Life, and Miracles of Joane of the Cross (St.-Omer, 1625). He also translated from the Spanish of Andrew a Soto A brief Instruction how we ought to hear Mass (Brussels, 1624).
# Trolltinder Mountain

Trolltinder Mountain is a 2,912-metre (9,554-foot) mountain summit located immediately west of the Continental Divide, in the Waputik Range of the Canadian Rockies in British Columbia, Canada. It is situated in Yoho National Park, with its nearest higher peak being Mount Balfour, 1.0 km (0.62 mi) to the northeast, and Fairy Lake directly below its southern slope.

## History

The mountain was named by Jean Habel in 1897 for its resemblance to a mountain in Norway. The translation is Witch's Peak. Jean Habel was a German geographer who explored the Yoho Valley in 1896.
The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1901 by James Outram and Edward Whymper, with guides Christian Kaufmann, Christian Klucker, and Joseph Pollinger. Outram described the climb in his book, "In the Heart of the Canadian Rockies" as follows: "On the 21st we had a little climb to a ruined tower on a serrated spur of Mt. Balfour, which had been called by Mr. Habel "Trolltinder," or the Witch's Peaks, after a famous and much pinnacled ridge above the Romsdal in Norway: the legend saying that the points represent a wedding party turned to stone by an evil genius. It was an absurdly simple climb, though somewhat laborious, except for the last fifty feet, which gave us a really good gymnastic scramble."
The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1924 when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

## Geology

Trolltinder Mountain is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Trolltinder Mountain is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C.
# Mount Trorey

Mount Trorey is a 2,461-metre (8,074-foot) mountain summit located in British Columbia, Canada.

## Description

Mount Trorey is set within Garibaldi Provincial Park. It is part of the Spearhead Range, which is a subset of the Garibaldi Ranges of the Coast Mountains. It is situated 12 km (7 mi) east-southeast of Whistler and 2 km (1 mi) west of Tremor Mountain, which is the highest point in the Spearhead Range. Precipitation runoff from the south side of the peak drains to Fitzsimmons Creek which is a tributary of the Cheakamus River, and meltwater from the Trorey Glacier on the northeastern slope drains into headwaters of Wedge Creek. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 1,160 meters (3,800 feet) above Fitzsimmons Creek in 1.5 kilometer (0.9 mile). Mount Trorey is often climbed as part of the Spearhead Traverse.

## History

The name "Trorey Mountain" was adopted September 2, 1930, as recommended by the Garibaldi Park Board. The toponym was officially changed to "Mount Trorey" on December 31, 1966, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.
The mountain is named after James John Trorey (1858–1941), a founding member of the Vancouver Mountaineering Club in 1907 (now known as the British Columbia Mountaineering Club). He was also a member of the team which made the first ascent of Mount Garibaldi on August 11, 1907.
The first ascent of Mt. Trorey was made in 1928 by a B.C. Garibaldi Survey party.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Trorey is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Coast Mountains where they are forced upward by the range (Orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall. As a result, the Coast Mountains experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. This climate supports the Trorey Glacier on the northeast slope of this mountain and the nearby Whistler Blackcomb ski resort.
# Mære

Mære is a village in Steinkjer Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along European route E6 and the Nordlandsbanen railway line, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of the town of Steinkjer. The village of Sparbu lies about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) south of Mære. Mære Church is located in this village as well.
The 0.35-square-kilometre (86-acre) village has a population (2024) of 437 and a population density of 1,249 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,230/sq mi).

## History

In the early Viking Age, according to the Sagas, Mære was one of the most important religious ceremonial places, with sacrifices to the Norse gods. Under the medieval church at Mære, traces of preceding heathen hof were found in archeological investigations during the 1960s, the only case in Norway so far of a pre-Christian building being found to have existed on the site of a church.
# Cleave Simpson

Cleave Simpson, Jr. is an American politician from Alamosa, Colorado. A Republican, Simpson represents Colorado State Senate District 6. Prior to the implementation of 2020 redistricting in 2023, Simpson represented the former Colorado State Senate District 35.

## Background

Simpson is the general manager of the Rio Grande Water Conservation District and also served on the Adams State University Board of Trustees from 2015 to 2020. A native of the San Luis Valley, he is a fourth-generation farmer and rancher there. He graduated from the Colorado School of Mines in 1984.

## Electoral history

In the 2020 Republican primary election of Colorado's 35th Senate district, Simpson ran unopposed. In the 2020 general election, Simpson defeated his Democratic Party opponent, winning 60.12% of the vote.
Simpson ran for re-election in 2024. In the Republican primary election held June 25, 2024, he ran unopposed. In the general election held November 5, 2024, Simpson defeated Democratic candidate Vivian Smotherman, winning 55.91% of the total votes cast.
2020 Colorado Senate election, 35th District :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Cleave Simpson | 43,970 | 60.12% |
| | Democratic | Carlos R. Lopez | 29,163 | 39.88% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 73,133 | 100% |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |
# Emily Sirota

Emily Lipp Sirota (born August 7, 1979) is an American politician who is a member of the Colorado House of Representatives from the 9th district in the City and County of Denver.

## Early life and career

Sirota earned a bachelor's degree in political science from Indiana University. She served as a legislative aide for the United States Congress until 2005, when she went to work for the administration of Brian Schweitzer, the governor of Montana. Sirota earned a Master of Social Work at the University of Denver.

## Colorado House of Representatives

Sirota was elected to the Colorado House of Representatives in the general election on November 6, 2018, winning 71 percent of the vote over 29 percent of Republican candidate Bob Lane. She was re-elected in 2020 and 2022.
Sirota sits on the Energy and Environment committee of the Colorado House of Representatives in addition to being included on the State, Veterans, and Military Affairs Committee. In 2022, Sirota was selected to fill one of the vacant seats on the influential Joint Budget Committee for her next term starting in January 2023. Sirota's policy focus include accessible healthcare, protecting the environment, gun violence prevention and supporting worker rights.

## Personal life

Sirota is a social worker. Sirota is married to political commentator and radio host David Sirota. They have two children.
# Peter Murdoch

Peter Murdoch may refer to:
* Peter Murdoch (politician), member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
* Peter Murdoch of Rosehill, Scottish sugar merchant and refiner, lord provost of Glasgow
* Peter Murdoch (rugby union), New Zealand rugby union player
# Henry Yeomans

Henry Yeomans (February 17, 1805 – August 10, 1878) was a farmer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Hants County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in 1874 as a Liberal member.
He was born in Halifax, the son of Henry Yeomans. Yeomans was elected to the provincial assembly in an 1874 by-election held after William McDougall resigned his seat. He lived in Shubenacadie.
# Twin Cairns

Twin Cairns is a mountain located southeast of Simpson Pass and southwest of Banff Sunshine, along the Continental Divide which separates British Columbia and Alberta in the Rocky Mountains of western Canada.
# Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, 1922–1925

This is a list of members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly between the 10 June 1922 election and the 3 June 1925 election. The fledgling Country Party got five members elected, including two former Nationalists, but by the end of the term the party had all but merged into the Nationalist Party. A new Liberal Party emerged before the 1925 election, counting the support of three MHAs.
| Name | Party | Division | Years in office |
| George Becker | Labor | Bass | 1912–1931; 1934–1941 |
| James Belton | Labor | Darwin | 1909–1931 |
| Albert Bendall | Country/Nationalist | Wilmot | 1922–1925 |
| Ernest Blyth | Country/Nationalist | Wilmot | 1913–1925 |
| Neil Campbell | Nationalist | Wilmot | 1922–1955 |
| John Cleary | Labor | Denison | 1916–1928 |
| Charles Culley | Labor | Denison | 1922–1928; 1934–1948 |
| John Evans | Nationalist | Franklin | 1897–1937 |
| Richard Franks | Country | Darwin | 1922–1925 |
| Charles Grant | Nationalist | Denison | 1922–1925; 1928–1932 |
| Allan Guy | Labor | Bass | 1916–1929 |
| John Hayes | Nationalist | Bass | 1913–1923 |
| Alexander Hean | Nationalist | Franklin | 1903–1913; 1916–1925 |
| Edward Hobbs | Country/Liberal | Darwin | 1916–1934 |
| James Hurst | Labor | Darwin | 1910–1912; 1919–1926 |
| Jens Jensen | Ind. Labor | Bass | 1903–1910; 1922–1925; 1928–1934 |
| Philip Kelly | Labor | Darwin | 1922–1946 |
| Walter Lee | Nationalist/Liberal | Wilmot | 1909–1946 |
| Joseph Lyons | Labor | Wilmot | 1909–1929 |
| John McPhee | Nationalist | Denison | 1919–1934; 1941–1946 |
| Frank Marriott | Nationalist | Darwin | 1922–1946 |
| Alexander Marshall | Nationalist | Bass | 1914–1925 |
| Peter Murdoch | Nationalist/Independent | Franklin | 1922–1928 |
| James Newton | Nationalist/Liberal | Bass | 1917–1928 |
| James Ogden | Labor | Darwin | 1906–1922 |
| Albert Ogilvie | Labor | Franklin | 1919–1939 |
| Michael O'Keefe | Labor | Wilmot | 1912–1926 |
| Leslie Payne | Nationalist | Denison | 1924–1925 |
| William Pearce | Labor | Franklin | 1922 |
| John Piggott | Country/Independent | Franklin | 1922–1931 |
| William Sheridan | Labor | Denison | 1909–1913; 1914–1928 |
| George Shields | Nationalist | Bass | 1923–1925 |
| William Shoobridge | Labor | Franklin | 1916–1919; 1922–1928; 1929–1931 |
| Robert Snowden | Nationalist | Denison | 1919–1924 |
# Andrenosoma hesperium

Andrenosoma hesperium is a species of robber flies in the family Asilidae.
# Gymnaslærer Pedersens beretning om den store politiske vekkelse som har hjemsøkt vårt land

Gymnaslærer Pedersens beretning om den store politiske vekkelse som har hjemsøkt vårt land is a novel by Dag Solstad published in 1982. The title translates as Gymnasium Teacher Pedersen's Account of the Great Political Awakening Which Has Haunted Our Country.
The novel tells the story of the young history teacher Knut Pedersen and his involvement with the Maoist movement, more specifically that associated with Workers' Communist Party in Larvik in the early 1970s.
It was later adapted into a 2006 film named Comrade Pedersen in English.

## Publishing history

* Gymnaslærer Pedersens beretning om den store politiske vekkelse som har hjemsøkt vårt land / Dag Solstad. [Oslo] : Oktober, c1982. 282 p.; 21 cm. ISBN 82-7094-359-2
# Armando Quintanilla

Juan Armando Quintanilla Loredo (born April 19, 1968) is a retired long-distance runner from Mexico, who won two gold medals at the 1995 Pan American Games in Mar del Plata, Argentina: in the men's 5.000 and 10.000 metres. He competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992.
# Nosipho Makamba-Botya

Nosipho Makamba-Botya is a South African politician who served as a member of the National Assembly of South Africa from June 2023 until May 2024, and represented the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF). She previously served as an EFF councillor in the City of Cape Town and before that as a Member of the Western Cape Provincial Parliament. She became an MPP in May 2019 and served as the party's chief whip. Makamba-Botya was also the deputy chairperson of the EFF in the province.
On 28 January 2023, Makamba-Botya alongside fellow EFF MPP Melikhaya Xego resigned from the provincial parliament. She was subsequently sworn in as a City of Cape Town councillor on 14 February 2023. After a short tenure in council, Makamba-Botya was sworn in as a Member of the National Assembly on 14 June 2023.
# Odour of Chrysanthemums (film)

Odour of Chrysanthemums is a 2002 short film directed by Mark Partridge and based on the short story by D. H. Lawrence.

## Plot

The film tells of a Nottinghamshire coalminer's wife, a young mother, waiting for her husband Walter to come home. She blames his drinking for his absence. It later turns out he has been killed in a pit accident.
Laying out his corpse, after it is brought home from the mine, makes her realize they never really knew each other. Upon the discovery that her husband has died, the protagonist, Elizabeth, is able to remain astonishingly calm and collected, especially in front of her children. In contrast, Walter's mother, who lives near the young couple and their children, becomes deeply emotional.
The presence of pink chrysanthemums throughout the story represents Elizabeth's constant desire for some hint of beauty within her life. One of the miners who brings in Walter's body knocks over the vase of flowers, symbolizing Elizabeth's loss of control over her life.

## Cast

* Geraldine O'Rawe as Elizabeth Bates
* Geraldine James as Grandma Bates
* Jake Smith (as Jake McCollough) as John Bates
* Florence Romney-Scriven as Annie Bates
* Bruce Alexander as Elizabeth's Father

## Crew

* Director - Mark Partridge
* Producer - Andrea Wallace Grant
* Set Nurse - Helen Smith
* Costume Designer - Wyn Humphreys
* Composer - Stephen Daltry

## Awards

The Film won First Prize in the short film category of the Milan Film Festival.