OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gragareth

Gragareth is a mountain straddling the border between Lancashire and North Yorkshire in England. At 627 metres (2,057 ft), its summit is the second highest point in the post-1974 county of Lancashire. The highest point in modern Lancashire is Green Hill (one metre higher), approximately 3.2 km (2.0 mi) to the north and the Old Man of Coniston in the Furness Fells of the Lake District at 803 metres (2,635 ft) is the county top of the traditional county of Lancashire. The summit of Gragareth lies about 200 m west of the county boundary, but inside the 2016 border of Yorkshire Dales National Park. The western slopes are known as Leck Fell and the southern slopes form Ireby Fell.
The summit has a trig point and extensive views towards Morecambe Bay, the Lake District fells, the Howgill Fells, Ingleborough and the Forest of Bowland. The county boundary wall running along the ridge is believed to be "one of the highest dry stone walls in the country." The Three Men of Gragareth are a group of tall cairns on the western side of the hill above Leck Fell House. Historically the hill was often called Greygarth Fell.
The fell contains several caves including Lost John's Cave, Rumbling Hole and Ireby Fell Cavern.
Wainwright includes "The ascent of Gragareth via Leck Fell returning via Ireby Fell" in his Walks in Limestone Country. His route begins at Ireby village, following a lane from Todgill Farm on the Leck road to the tarmac road which leads to Leck Fell House, then "a steep scramble" up past the Three Men. His descent route is down a long enclosure formed by the county boundary to the east and the almost-parallel boundary between Leck and Ireby parishes, dropping down Ireby Fell past the opening of Ireby Fell Cavern, to return to Ireby.
# Samuel Herbert Wilson

Brigadier-General Sir Samuel Herbert Wilson GCMG KCB KBE (31 October 1873 – 5 August 1950) was a British colonial administrator who served as Governor of Trinidad and Tobago between 1921 and 1924. He did much to popularise football, offering a Wilson Cup for football.
Wilson was born in Dublin in 1873, the son of Dr. James Wilson. After attending the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, he entered the Royal Engineers in 1893. He married Marie Ada Garbarino Gervers, daughter of Francis Theodore Gervers. His sister-in-law Theodora Chevalier Gervers CBE married Sir Albert Hastings Markham.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Samuel Herbert Wilson :
* NotesGranted by Sir Nevile Rodwell Wilkinson, 16th March 1937.
* CrestA demi-lion rampant Gules charged with a fleur-de-lus Or.
* EscutcheonArgent a chevron between three mullets Gules on a canton Pean a buck's head couped Proper charged with three bendlets Or.
* MottoSemper Vigilans
# Ministry of Justice (pre-modern Japan)

The Ministry of Justice (刑部省, Gyōbu-shō, lit. "department of penal affairs") was a division of the eighth century Japanese government of the Imperial Court in Kyoto, instituted in the Asuka period and formalized during the Heian period. The Ministry was replaced in the Meiji period.

## Overview

The nature of the ministry was modified in response to changing times. The ambit of the Gyōbu-shō activities encompassed, for example:
* administration and conduct of trials
* oversight of the determination of the severity of punishments
* regulation of the imposition of fines, imprisonments, and penal servitude

## History

The duties, responsibilities and focus of the ministry evolved over time. The ritsuryō system of laws were interpreted and applied by bureaucracies which distinguished punishment (gyōbushō) and censorship (danjodai). These were merged in 1871 when the Ministry of Justice (司法省, shihōshō) was established under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.

## Hierarchy

The Ministry of Justice brought together a judiciary and penal system management.
The top ritsuryō officials within this ministry structure were:
* chief administrator of the Ministry of Justice (刑部卿, Gyōbu-kyō)
* First assistant to the chief of the Ministry of Justice (刑部大輔, Gyōbu-taifu)
* Second assistant to the chief of the Ministry of Justice (刑部少輔, Gyōbu-shō)
* Senior Ministry of Justice undersecretary (刑部丞, Gyōbu-no-jō)
* Alternate of the Ministry of Justice undersecretary (刑部録, Gyōbu-no-sakan), two positions
* Chief judge (大判事, Dai-hanji). There are three classes of officials under the control of the chief judge
* First assistants to the Chief Judge (中判事, Chū-hanji)
* Second assistants to the Chief Judge (少判事, Shō-hanji)
* Alternate assistants to the Chief Judge (判事属, Hanji-no-sakan)
* Chief prison warden (囚獄正, Shūgoku-no-kami)
* First assistant prison warden (囚獄佑, Shūgoku-no-jō)
* Alternate assistant prison warden (囚獄令史, Shūgoku-no-sakan)
# Mathias Wehrli

Mathias Wehrli (born 9 October 1962) is a Swiss former footballer who played in the 1980s as defender.
Wehrli first played for FC Laufen in the Nationalliga B, the second tier of Swiss football. At the end of the season 1985–86 Wehrli and the team suffered relegation but he stayed with the club for another season.
Wehrli joined FC Basel's first team in their 1987–88 season under head-coach Urs Siegenthaler. After playing in five test games, Wehrli played his domestic league debut for his new club in the away game on 8 August 1987 as Basel were defeated 0–2 by Aarau.
Wehrli stayed with the club only this one season and during this time he played a total of seven games for Basel without scoring a goal. Two of these games were in the Nationalliga A and the other five were friendly games.
# Bert Anderson (politician)

Bert Anderson is an American politician and business owner who has served in the North Dakota House of Representatives since December 2014. He currently represents the 2nd district alongside Donald Longmuir. He was also the mayor of Crosby, North Dakota. Anderson is a member of the Republican Party.

## Biography

Anderson attended Northwest Bible College and Lake Region College. In 1992, he established Bert's Woodwork. Anderson served as the mayor of Crosby, as well as city council member.
On December 1, 2014, Anderson was appointed to the North Dakota House of Representatives to represent the 2nd district after incumbent David Rust was elected to the state senate. Anderson and fellow Republican Donald Longmuir went on to win the November 2016 general election. Both are unopposed in November 2020.
Anderson is married to Diane; they have two children and four grandchildren.
# Geechie Meredith

Buford "Geechie" Meredith (October 22, 1899 – January 13, 1932) was an American baseball infielder in the Negro leagues. He played from 1920 to 1931, playing mostly with the Birmingham Black Barons. He also played with the Memphis Red Sox and the Nashville Elite Giants. Meredith died in an off-season mining accident.
# Shannon Lundgren

Shannon Lundgren is an American politician who sits in the Iowa House of Representatives.

## Early life

On April 4, 1972, Lundgren was born in Dubuque, Iowa.

## Education

Lundgren attended Midwest Travel & Hospitality Institute and became a certified travel agent.

## Career

Lundgren's career started in the travel industry. From 1996 to 2001, Lundgren was a sales manager of Eagle Ridge Inn and Resort. Since 2006, Lundgren is the co-owner of Trackside Bar & Grill.
Lundgren is a member of the Iowa Republican Party. In 2018, Lundgren's political career began when she won the election to become a Representative in the Iowa State House of Representative. Lundgren represents district 57.

## Personal life

Lundgren's husband is Charlie. They have two children. Lundgren and her family reside in Peosta, Iowa.
# Ulrik Moseby

Ulrik Cappelen (né Christensen) (born 28 March 1964), known as Ulrik Moseby, is a Danish former association football player in the midfielder position. Born in Odense, he played 338 games for Odense Boldklub, winning the 1982 and 1989 Danish championships with the club. He scored two goals in 10 games for the Denmark national football team, and also represented the Denmark national under-21 football team.
# Jumbo Mountain (Canada)

Jumbo Mountain, sometimes called Mount Jumbo, is a 3,437-metre-elevation (11,276-foot) mountain summit located 42 km (26 mi) west-southwest of Invermere in the Purcell Mountains of southeast British Columbia, Canada. The nearest higher peak is Mount Farnham, 11 km (6.8 mi) to the north-northeast, and Karnak Mountain is set 0.79 km (0.49 mi) to the west. Jumbo and Karnak form a double summit massif which is the second-highest mountain in the Purcells, and fourth-highest in the Columbia Mountains. The first ascent of Jumbo Mountain was made August 4, 1915, by H.O. Frind, A.H. & E.L. MacCarthy, M & W.E. Stone, B. Shultz, and Conrad Kain via the North/Northeast Slopes. March 5, 1919, Conrad made a solo ascent of Jumbo Mtn on snowshoes - credited as the first winter ascent of an 11,000-ft peak in Canada. The peak was named by Edward Warren Harnden after the 1892 Jumbo Mineral Claim on nearby Toby Creek, which in turn was named for Jumbo the elephant. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted March 31, 1924, when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Jumbo Mountain is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into south into Jumbo Creek which is a tributary of Toby Creek, and meltwater from the Jumbo Glacier on its north slope drains into Horsethief Creek which, like Toby Creek, is also a tributary of the Columbia River.

## Climbing Routes

Established climbing routes on Jumbo Mountain:
* North/Northeast slopes - First ascent 1915
* West Ridge - First ascent 1974

## Gallery

* Karnak-Jumbo in winter
# Senate (Jordan)

The Senate of Jordan is the upper house of the Jordanian Parliament which, along with the House of Representatives forms the legislature of Jordan. The Senate consists of 69 members all of whom are chosen by the king of Jordan by royal decree, but must follow the terms of Constitution of Jordan.
The presiding officer is the President of the Senate, who serves a two-year term, which can be renewed. Regular members of the Senate serve four-year terms, which can also be renewed. Meetings of the Senate are valid only if everyone is present at the meeting. Decisions are determined by the number of votes, not including the President; but if the votes are tied, the President may vote.
# Max Kobelt

Max Kobelt (born 5 January 1941) is a Swiss wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman middleweight at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Waking up early

Waking up early is rising before most others and has also been described as a productivity method - rising early and consistently so as to be able to accomplish more during the day. This method has been recommended since antiquity and is now recommended by a number of personal development gurus.

## Commentary

Within the context of religious observances, spiritual writers have called this practice "the heroic minute", referring to the sacrifice which this entails.
The philosopher Aristotle wrote in his Economics that "Rising before daylight is also to be commended; it is a healthy habit, and gives more time for the management of the household as well as for liberal studies."
The Chinese proverb "A year's plan begins in spring, and the day's plan begins in morning", emphasizing that morning is the most important time of day, has been recorded in proverb anthologies as early as the Liang dynasty.
Benjamin Franklin wrote in Poor Richard's Almanack : "Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise". It is a saying that is viewed as a commonsensical proverb, which was included in "A Method of Prayer" by Mathew Henry who also listed it as a phrase "long said." Franklin is also quoted as saying: "The early morning has gold in its mouth", a translation of the German proverb "Morgenstund hat Gold im Mund". There is a book entitled "'Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise', or, Early Rising: A Natural, Social, and Religious Duty" by Anna Laetitia Waring from 1855, sometimes misattributed to Franklin.
"The early bird gets the worm" is a proverb that suggests that getting up early will lead to success during the day. Which brings to mind the immediate counterpoint: "what about the early worm, shouldn't he have stayed in bed?"
James Thurber, in his book Fables for our Time, ended the Fable of the Shrike: "Early to rise and early to bed, makes a Shrike healthy, and wealthy, and dead".

## Criticisms

Such recommendations may cast individuals with different natural sleep patterns as lazy or unmotivated when it is a much different matter for a person with a longer or delayed sleep cycle to get up earlier in the morning than for a person with an advanced sleep cycle. In effect, the person accustomed to a later wake time is being asked not to wake up an hour early but 3–4 hours early, while waking up "normally" may already be an unrecognized challenge imposed by the environment.
The bias toward early morning can also adversely affect adolescents in particular. Teenagers tend to require at least 9 full hours of sleep each night, and changes to the endocrine system during puberty shift the natural wake time later in the morning. Enforcing early start times despite this can have negative effects on mood, academic performance, and social skills.
# Paris to Pittsburgh

Paris to Pittsburgh is a 2018 television documentary film about climate change directed by National Geographic filmmaker Sidney Beaumont and documentarian Michael Bonfiglio and produced by Bloomberg Philanthropies, National Geographic and RadicalMedia. The film is narrated by Rachel Brosnahan.
The film was first broadcast on December 12, 2018, in the United States on National Geographic.

## Background

The title of the documentary refers to the phrase used by President Trump on June 1, 2017, in his withdrawal speech delivered in the White House Rose Garden in which he announced that he was pulling the United States out of the Paris Agreement. Trump said, "I was elected to represent the citizens of Pittsburgh, not Paris." In response, Bill Peduto, Mayor of Pittsburgh, wrote: "As the Mayor of Pittsburgh, I can assure you that we will follow the guidelines of the Paris Agreement for our people, our economy and future."
# Huge

Huge may refer to:
* Huge (Caroline's Spine album), 1996
* Huge (digital agency)
* Huge (film), a 2010 film directed by Ben Miller
* Huge (Hugh Hopper and Kramer album), 1997
* Huge (magazine), a style magazine published by Kodansha in Japan
* Huge (TV series), a television series on ABC Family
* Huge cardinal, a number in mathematics
* Huge: A Novel, by Brent Butt, 2023
* Human genome equivalent, a genomic sequence length used in DNA sequencing
* King Huge, a character in the Adventure Time
# Gene Smith (pitcher)

Eugene F. Smith (April 23, 1916 – May 25, 2011) was an American pitcher who played for several Negro league baseball teams between 1938 and 1951. Listed at 6' 1", 185 lb., Smith was a switch hitter and threw right-handed. Smith was known as a hard-throwing pitcher during a solid career that saw him play for nine different Negro league clubs. In addition, he pitched for teams in Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Minor League Baseball, taking a three-year break to serve in the US Army during World War II (1943–1945).

## Early life

He was born in Ansley, Louisiana. His younger brother, Quincy Smith, also played in the Negro leagues.

## Negro league career

Smith entered the Negro leagues in 1938 with the Atlanta Black Crackers, playing for them one year before joining the Ethiopian Clowns (1939), St. Louis–New Orleans Stars (1940–1941), Kansas City Monarchs (1941) and New York Black Yankees (1942). Following military discharge, he played for the Pittsburgh Crawfords (1946), Homestead Grays (1946–1947), Cleveland Buckeyes (1946–1950) and Chicago American Giants (1951).
In 1938, while pitching for the Black Crackers, Smith threw two no-hitters in one day, and in 1941 with the Stars hurled another against the Black Yankees. He also started Games 3 and 6 of the 1947 Negro World Series against the New York Cubans.

## Minor leagues

Smith ended his career in 1953, dividing his playing time with the Statesboro Pilots of the Georgia State League and the Fond du Lac Panthers of the Wisconsin State League.

## Death

Smith was a long resident of Richmond Heights, Missouri, where he died at the age of 95, following a congestive heart failure.

## Sources

* 1 2 Biographical Encyclopedia of the Negro Baseball Leagues.
* ↑ Baseball in Wartime – Negro Leagues
* ↑ The Biographical Encyclopedia of the Negro Baseball Leagues – James A. Riley. Publisher: Chelsea House, 1996. Format: Paperback, 124pp. Language: English. ISBN 0-7910-2592-6.
* ↑ Negro League Baseball Players Association website – Gene Smith entry Archived 2011-08-09 at the Wayback Machine
* 1 2 "Alt.Obituaries.com – Gene Smith, 95; pitched in Negro Leagues".
* ↑ Baseball Reference Minor Leagues – Gene Smith career

## External References

* Career statistics from Baseball Reference, or Baseball Reference (Minors) and Seamheads
* Gene Smith at Find a Grave
# Mary Madison

Mary Lee Madison (born 1950) is an American politician, minister and educator who has represented the 31st district in the Iowa House of Representatives since January 2023, which consists of parts of southwest Polk County and a very small part of southeast Dallas County, including most of West Des Moines. She is a member of the Democratic Party.

## Early life

Madison was born in 1950 in South Carolina and was raised in Jersey City, New Jersey. She received a bachelor's degree from Saint Peter's University, a Master of Education from Seton Hall University, a Master of Arts from Tarleton State University, and a Master of Divinity from the Interdenominational Theological Center.

## Political career

Following decennial redistricting in 2021, Madison announced her intent to run for the open 31st district seat in the Iowa House of Representatives in early 2022. She won the Democratic primary on June 7, 2022, against Michael Andreski, a professor, with over 62 percent of the vote, and went on to win the general election on November 8 against Republican Justin Pearson with over 56 percent of the vote.
Madison is a member of the Economic Growth and Technology, Education, Health and Human Services, and Transportation committees.
In 2024 Madison filed to run for reelection. She won the Democratic primaries unopposed on June 4, 2024, and will run in the general election unopposed on November 5, 2024.
Madison has said that her priorities include public education, mental health and reproductive rights. She is pro-choice and supports stricter gun control.

## Personal life

Madison is a licensed school counselor, social worker and ordained minister. She is married to L. Keith Madison, a radiologist, with whom she has three adult children and one grandchild. She has resided in West Des Moines for over twenty years. She is a member of the St. Paul A.M.E. Church, Alpha Kappa Alpha, NAACP, Des Moines Women's Club, The Links, Interfaith Allegiance of Iowa, Questers and Women's Missionary Society.

## Electoral history

| Election | Political result | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| Iowa House of Representatives Democratic primary elections, 2022 District 31 Turnout: 2,415 | Democratic (newly redistricted) | Mary Madison | Democratic | 1,513 | 62.7 |
| Iowa House of Representatives Democratic primary elections, 2022 District 31 Turnout: 2,415 | Democratic (newly redistricted) | Michael Andreski | Democratic | 896 | 37.1 |
| Iowa House of Representatives Democratic primary elections, 2022 District 31 Turnout: 2,415 | Democratic (newly redistricted) | Other/Write-in votes | | 6 | 0.2 |
| Iowa House of Representatives general elections, 2022 District 31 Turnout: 14,230 | Democratic (newly redistricted) | Mary Madison | Democratic | 8,038 | 56.5 |
| Iowa House of Representatives general elections, 2022 District 31 Turnout: 14,230 | Democratic (newly redistricted) | Justin Pearson | Republican | 6,181 | 43.4 |
| Iowa House of Representatives general elections, 2022 District 31 Turnout: 14,230 | Democratic (newly redistricted) | Other/Write-in votes | | 11 | 0.1 |
# Volmer Thomsen

Volmer Thomsen (31 October 1917 – 28 October 2000) was a Danish gymnast. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Barbara Reich Freiberg

Barbara Reich Freiberg is a retired educator and politician serving as a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from the 70th district since 2020. In 2010 Freiberg was an elected member of the East Baton Rouge Parish School Board for District 7 and was re-elected in 2014. She was elected to the Metro Council in Baton Rouge on December 10, 2016, representing District 12 until her election to the Louisiana House of Representatives in 2019.

## Election history

Louisiana House of Representatives October 12, 2019 jungle primary District 70 :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Belinda Davis | Democratic | 5,504 | 38.07 |
| | Michael DiResto | Republican | 2,978 | 20.60 |
| | Mallory Mayeux | Libertarian | 478 | 3.31 |
| | Barbara Reich Freiberg | Republican | 4,151 | 28.71 |
| | "Ricky" Sheldon | Republican | 1,347 | 9.32 |
| Total | Total | Total | 14,458 | 100.00 |
| Source: |||||
Louisiana House of Representatives November 16, 2019 runoff election District 70 :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Belinda Davis | Democratic | 7,891 | 47.40 |
| | Barbara Reich Freiberg | Republican | 8,758 | 52.60 |
| Total | Total | Total | 16,649 | 100.00 |
| Source: |||||
Louisiana House of Representatives October 14, 2023 jungle primary District 70 :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Brent Campanella | Republican | 1,307 | 12.79 |
| | Barbara Reich Freiberg | Republican | 3,971 | 38.87 |
| | "Steve" Myers | Democratic | 2,775 | 27.16 |
| | Jennie Seals | Republican | 2,163 | 21.17 |
| Total | Total | Total | 10,216 | 100.00 |
| Source: |||||
Louisiana House of Representatives November 16, 2019 runoff election District 70 :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Barbara Reich Freiberg | Republican | 4,485 | 64.94 |
| | "Steve" Myers | Democratic | 2,421 | 35.06 |
| Total | Total | Total | 6,906 | 100.00 |
| Source: |||||
# Michel Patry

Michel Patryr (born 16 January 1953) is a Swiss athlete. He competed in the men's high jump at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Sevastopol Bay

Sevastopol Bay (Ukrainian: Севастопольська бухта; Russian: Севастопольская бухта) is a city harbor that includes a series of smaller bays carved out along its shores. The bay of Sevastopol splits the city of Sevastopol into the Southern side and the Northern side. It serves as an extension of the Chorna River and stretches for 7.5 km (4.7 mi) which is the longest of them all.
The bay of Sevastopol stretches from the open sea eastward to the Inkerman Cave Monastery at the end, narrowing down and finishing at the mouth of the Chorna River. The bay forms the seaward approach to the city. Covering a large expanse of water, the harbor serves as a comfortable anchorage for a fleet. From the beginning of the 20th century it housed cruisers and ironclads.
The number of piers along the shores of the harbor far exceeds the number of bays. The bay serves as a home to a commercial port as well as a naval base. Just outside of Sevastopol Bay is located a fishing port.
# Ed Poles

Edward Poles (1902 – February 1, 1932), nicknamed "Possum" and "Googles", was an American Negro league infielder in the 1920s.
A native of Virginia, Poles made his Negro leagues debut in 1920 for the Baltimore Black Sox. He went on to play for Baltimore again from 1922 to 1924, and also made appearances for the Richmond Giants in 1922. Poles finished his career with the Harrisburg Giants in 1928. He died in Glen Burnie, Maryland in 1932 at age 29 or 30.