OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# American Guild of Variety Artists

The American Guild of Variety Artists (AGVA) is an American entertainment union representing performers in variety entertainment, including circuses, Las Vegas showrooms and cabarets, comedy showcases, dance revues, magic shows, theme park shows, and arena and auditorium extravaganzas. There is some overlap between the jurisdictions of AGVA and Actors' Equity.

## History

In 1963, then-AGVA president Joey Adams helped to finance and organize an August 5 variety show in Birmingham, Alabama, to raise funds for the August 28 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Sharing the stage with Martin Luther King Jr. were Ray Charles, Nina Simone, Joe Louis, Johnny Mathis, James Baldwin and The Shirelles.
In 1958–59, the actress, singer and tap dancer Penny Singleton became the first woman elected president of an AFL-CIO union. She was active in supporting the 1967 strike of the AGVA-represented Rockettes against Radio City Music Hall, and was re-elected to the AGVA presidency in 1969. The most recent executive president was poet, songwriter, composer, and singer Rod McKuen, who held the post for 19 years until his death in 2015. As of the September 2021 vote count, the honorary president was Tommy Tune, the honorary vice-president was Barry Humphries, and the executive president was Judy Little.
AGVA was the successor to the American Federation of Actors organized by actress and singer Sophie Tucker and others in the late 1930s, and affiliated with the American Federation of Labor. In 1939 the AFL dissolved the AFA due to financial irregularities, and issued a new charter to AGVA (although some members went to Equity instead).
In 2022, AGVA began organizing performers with Medieval Times, leading to a labor strike in 2023 at the Buena Park, California, location. However, the strike ended without a labor contract, and in March 2024, facing anti-union backlash, the union announced that they would not be representing Medieval Times employees.
AGVA's offices are in New York and Los Angeles.

## Georgie Award

AGVA Entertainer of the Year Awards, or the "Georgie Award" (after George M. Cohan), for variety performer of the year. Some of the past winners include:
* ABBA – Best Vocal Group of the Year, 1980
* Barbra Streisand – multiple awards
* Sonny & Cher – multiple awards
# Qualm (album)

Qualm is the second studio album by German electronic music DJ and record producer Helena Hauff. It was released on 3 August 2018 by Ninja Tune. The album was critically acclaimed and the track "Hyper-Intelligent Genetically Enriched Cyborg" was named as one of the best electronic tracks of 2018 by Pitchfork. In comparison to her previous album, Discreet Desires (2015), the tracks on it had more traditional song structure and they were "more poppier."

## Production

While creating the album, Hauff used one synthesizer, which was Roland TR-808, and one drum machine.

## Title

The title has multiple definitions. The German meaning of "qualm" is "smoke" or "fumes", as in English language, it is "an uneasy feeling of doubt, worry, or fear."

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AnyDecentMusic? | 7.6/10 |
| Metacritic | 82/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The A.V. Club | B+ |
| Clash | 8/10 |
| Financial Times | |
| The Guardian | |
| The Independent | |
| Pitchfork | 7.8/10 |
| Q | |
| Resident Advisor | 3.0/5 |
| Uncut | 7/10 |
Qualm received positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 82, based on 15 reviews, which indicates "universal acclaim". Philip Sherburne of Pitchfork stated that Qualm is a "spartan mix of techno, acid, EBM, and coldwave". Nathan Wesley of The Line of Best Fit opined that the album is a "nocturnal, adventurous album that sees Hauff take a progressive leap forward from her 2015 debut Discreet Desires." Andrew Moore of Clash remarked that Qualm is a "statement of romantic infatuation amongst an otherwise hash, twisted and raw landscape. A glance into the past and a look to the future."

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Helena Hauff
Notes
* "Btdr-Revisited" is stylised in lowercase letters.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of Qualm.
* Helena Hauff – writing, production, arrangement
* BüroBrüggmann – design
* Florian Hammerl – photography
# Virgílio Lopes

Virgílio Manuel Bagulho Lopes (born 27 October 1957), known simply as Virgílio, is a Portuguese former footballer who played as a right back. He played club football for Sporting CP, Famalicão and Braga and made three appearances for his country.
# Henry D. Barron

Henry Danforth Barron (April 10, 1833 – January 22, 1882) was an American lawyer, politician, and judge. He was the 17th and 23rd speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly, served six years as a Wisconsin circuit court judge, and was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate. He also held several local offices and was a member of the University of Wisconsin Board of Regents. He is the namesake of Barron County, Wisconsin.

## Biography

Born in Wilton, New York, he graduated from law school at Ballston Spa, New York, and moved to Wisconsin in 1851. After arriving in Wisconsin, he became a publisher of the Waukesha Democrat and its successor, the Chronotype. He was also appointed Postmaster of Waukesha by President Franklin Pierce. He relocated to Pepin County in 1857 and began a law practice. He was appointed Wisconsin circuit court judge by Governor Alexander Randall in 1860 and served until the election of a successor.
In 1862, he was elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly from the vast northwestern assembly district comprising the lightly populated counties of Ashland, Burnett, Dallas (now Barron), Douglas, La Pointe (now Bayfield), and Polk. He was re-elected in 1863, 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1871, and 1872.
In 1869, he was offered appointment as chief justice for the Dakota Territory by President Ulysses S. Grant but turned it down. He was subsequently appointed fifth auditor of the United States Treasury, in April 1869, and served in that role until he returned to the Assembly in January 1872.
He was chosen as speaker for the 1866 and 1873 legislative sessions. In 1873, he was elected to the Wisconsin Senate, and was elected president pro tem of the Senate in 1875. He was re-elected to his senate seat in 1875, but was then elected to the Wisconsin circuit court again in the Spring of 1876, defeating incumbent judge Solon Clough. He remained on the court until his death in 1882.
In addition to his public offices, he was a Republican presidential elector in the 1868 and 1872 presidential elections and was chosen president of the electoral college for both elections. He was a Vice President of the Wisconsin Historical Society, and a member of the University of Wisconsin Board of Regents.
Barron lived in St. Croix County, Wisconsin. Barron County, Wisconsin, which he represented for many years as "Dallas County", was named after him by act of the legislature in 1869.
# Gabrán mac Domangairt

Gabrán mac Domangairt (Old Welsh: Gawran map Dinwarch) or Gabrán the Traitor (Gwran Wradouc) was king of Dál Riata in the mid-6th century. He is the eponymous ancestor of the Cenél nGabráin. Gabrán was the son of Domangart Réti and the father of Áedán mac Gabráin.
The historical evidence for Gabrán is limited to the notice of his death in the Irish and Welsh annals. It is possible that Gabrán's death should be linked to a migration or flight from Bridei mac Maelchon, but this may be no more than coincidence.
# Narong Wongthongkam

Narong Wongthongkam (Thai: ณรงค์ วงษ์ทองคำ; born October 2, 1982) is a Thai former professional footballer.

## Match fixing scandal and ban

On February 21, 2017 Narong was accused of match-fixing on several league games. He was arrested by Royal Thai Police and banned from football for life.
# Chelsie Preston Crayford

Chelsie Florence Preston Crayford (born 1987), sometimes credited as Chelsie Florence, is a New Zealand actress.

## Early life

Preston Crayford was born in Wellington to film maker Gaylene Preston and musician Jonathan Crayford. Apart from appearing in a water safety commercial at the age of four, her acting debut was at the age of 13 in the New Zealand-made TV series A Twist in the Tale starring William Shatner. Several years later, her performance in a stage production was praised by Ian McKellen, encouraging her to pursue an acting career and enrol in the Toi Whakaari national drama school from 2006 to 2008. She graduated in 2008 with a Bachelor of Performing Arts.

## Career

Preston Crayford played a guest role in the soap opera Shortland Street in 2003, and made her feature film debut in the comedy Eagle vs Shark in 2007. In 2009, she played a major role in the TV series The Cult. In 2011, she played brothel madam Tilly Devine in the Australian crime drama Underbelly: Razor, a role for which she won the Graham Kennedy Award for Most Outstanding Newcomer at the 2012 Logie Awards.
Since then she has appeared in an ABC TV adaptation of The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, in Hope and Wire (a mini-series produced by her mother about the 2010 Canterbury earthquake), government communications advisor Sophie Walsh in the Australian techno-thriller The Code, and as the Sorceress Kaya in the third season of Ash vs Evil Dead.
She portrayed suffragette Annabella Maktelow (1871–1963) in Hot Words and Bold Retorts (2018), a short film directed by her mother Gaylene Preston. She wrote, directed, and starred in the short film Falling Up (2018).
Preston Crayford also starred as Melissa Flowers in Dark City: The Cleaner, a television adaptation of crime fiction writer Paul Cleave's novel The Cleaner.
In 2024, she began starring as the detective protagonist, Anais Mallory in the crime drama series, A Remarkable Place to Die.

## Personal life

Preston Crawford has one child, a daughter, with her ex-partner, cinematographer Ray Edwards. She is currently in a relationship with comedian Guy Montgomery.
# Mahendra Pratap Singh

Mahendra Pratap Singh (19 January 1930 - 10 December 2022) was an Indian Hindi author, historian and researcher. He wrote and published books in history, Hindi literaturem, and poetry.

## Early life

Singh was the eldest son of Thakur Harpal Singh and Shiv Rani Devi. He was born in Arki, near Rajapur, in Chitrakoot District. Rajapur was the birthplace of Tulsidas, who became a major influence in his life. He lost his mother when he was 2. His father worked for the police. Singh's primary education was mostly in Orai, while living in a hostel.
He pursued higher education at Kanpur, where his inclination towards poetry and writing grew. He moved to Baroda to pursue his PhD.

## Career

He started his career as an editor of Gyan Bharti magazine. He later joined Desbandhu College of Delhi University as Lecturer.
He was an executive committee member of Friends at Archives (National Archives Of India). He served as reader in the Hindi Department of Deshbandhu College, under Delhi University where he retired in 1992. He suffered a brain hemorrhage that partially paralyzed him, limiting his further contributions.

## Recognition

He was awarded Acharya Narendra Dev Puraskar for his book Etihasik Pramanavali aur Chattrasal by the Government of Uttar Pradesh in 1978.

## Works

* Bhagavantarāya Khīcī aura unake maṇḍala ke kavi (भगवंतराय खींची और उनके मंडल के कवी - इतिहास एवं साहित्य में शोध कार्य)
* Aitihāsika pramāṇāvalī aura Chatrasāla (ऐतिहासिक प्रमाणावली और छत्रसाल - इतिहास एवं साहित्य में शोध कार्य)
* Rītikālīna Hindī sāhitya kī aitihāsika vyākhyā (रीतिकालीन हिंदी साहित्य की ऐतिहासिक व्याख्या - साहित्य) )
* Chatraprakāsa (छत्रप्रकाश, लाल कवी कृत: सम्पादित ग्रन्थ)
* Shivaji, Bhakha Sources and Nationalism
* "Jagatraj Digvijay (जगतराज दिग्विजय, हरिकेश कवी कृत: सम्पादित ग्रन्थ)". Exotic India Art.
* "Jaisingh Vinod (जयसिंह विनोद, देव कवी कृत: सम्पादित ग्रन्थ)". Exotic India Art.
* "Dayanand ka Swapna Darshan (दयानन्द का स्वप्न दर्शन - कविता)". Exotic India Art.
* Manas Ke Moti (मानस के मोती - धर्म/दर्शन, रामचरितमानस पर आधारित)
* Kiran (किरण - कविता)
# Ready, Kentucky

Ready is an unincorporated community in Grayson County, Kentucky.

## History

A post office called Ready was established in 1884, and remained in operation until 1974. The origin of the name "Ready" is obscure.
# Robb Kahl

Robb Kahl (born January 5, 1972) is an American lawyer and politician.
From Monona, Wisconsin, Kahl graduated from Ripon College and received his J.D. degree from University of Wisconsin Law School. Kahl practiced law and served as Mayor of Monona. In November 2012, Kahl was elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly as a Democrat. Kahl announced in May 2016 that he would not seek reelection to the Wisconsin Assembly.
# Thomas Lothian

Thomas Archer Lothian (December 14, 1928 – May 14, 2015) was a Wisconsin politician, legislator, and college professor.

## Early life and education

Born in Cleveland Heights, Ohio, Lothian was a son of John James and Catherine (née Rogers). After graduation from Cleveland Heights High School, he attended Ohio State University where received his B.A. in 1953. He also received M.A. in chemistry from the Illinois Institute of Technology.

## Career

Lothian was a college professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Lothian served as Williams Bay, Wisconsin, village trustee from 1974 to 1982 and on the Walworth County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors from 1992 to 2003. Lothian then served in the Wisconsin State Assembly, from 2003 to 2011, for eight years and was a Republican. In March 2010, Lothian announced his retirement. He was succeeded by Rep. Tyler August. Lothian died on May 14, 2015, aged 86.

## Personal life

Outside of his political and professorship careers, Lothian was a past president of the Wisconsin Counties Association and the Lions Club. He was a member of many philanthropic organizations, including the Medinah Shriners and the Williams Bay Lions Club. Lothian was a Mason and was a member of the Scottish Rite of the Masons and former Master of the Glenview Masonic Lodge. He was a member and commodore of the Lake Geneva Yacht Club and served on the Board of Directors at the Geneva Lake Sailing School. As a Christian, Lothian was a member and deacon of the United Church of Christ in Williams Bay, Wisconsin.
Lothian married Carol Ann (née Vichek) Lothian on April 20, 1957, in Bedford, Ohio, and have two sons.
# Ron Brown (Wisconsin politician)

Ron Brown (born September 18, 1946) is an American Republican politician from Wisconsin.

## Background

Born in Marion, Indiana, Brown received an associate degree from Purdue Extension-Fort Wayne. He served in the United States Air Force from 1964 to 1967. Then, Brown worked in the fire departments in Fort Wayne, Indiana and Eau Claire, Wisconsin serving as the fire chief. He also was a business owner. Brown served in the Wisconsin State Senate from 2003 to 2007 and was defeated for reelection in 2006.
# Sondy Pope

Sondy M. Pope (born April 27, 1950) is a retired American nonprofit executive and Democratic politician from Dane County, Wisconsin. She served 20 years in the Wisconsin State Assembly, from 2003 through 2022. She represented the 79th Assembly district for the first 10 years, then represented the 80th district after the 2011 redistricting.

## Early life and family

Pope was born in Madison; she graduated from River Valley High School in Spring Green and attended Madison Area Technical College and Edgewood College. Prior to election to the Assembly, she was a staff member for the Foundation for Madison's Public Schools. She is married with one daughter.

## Legislative career

Pope first ran for the Assembly to represent the 79th district (western parts of Madison and Middleton, Blue Mounds, Cross Plains, Fitchburg, Mount Horeb, Springdale, Vermont, and Verona) in 2000 against Republican incumbent Rick Skindrud, but lost by 13,765 to 18,510 for Skindrud and 887 for independent Bob Menamin.
She was re-nominated in 2002, and unseated Skindrud, with a vote of 12,311 to Skindrud's 10,865. She was assigned to the standing committees on aging and long-term care; education; rural affairs; and small business.
She was re-elected in 2004, after an unsuccessful challenge in the Democratic primary election from Manamin; re-elected in 2006 (without opposition), 2008 and 2010; and as of 2011 is ranking minority member of the Assembly's standing committee on education, and a member of the committees on housing, and on children and families.
# International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators and Allied Workers

The International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators and Allied Workers (AWIU or Insulators) is a trade union in the United States and Canada, founded in 1903. It is affiliated with the AFL–CIO and the Canadian Labour Congress and the North America's Building Trades Unions.
The union was formerly known as the International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators and Asbestos Workers, but the name was changed to reflect a symbolic new direction away from the hazards of exposure to asbestos.

## Presidents

    1903: A. J. Kennedy
    1912: Joseph A. Mullaney
    1954: Carlton Sickles
    1967: Hugh Mulligan
    1967: Albert E. Hutchinson
    1972: Andrew T. Haas
    1989: William G. Bernard
    2001: James A. Grogan
    2015: Bud McCourt
    2020: Gregory T. Revard
    2022: Terence M. Larkin
# Spanish era

The Spanish era (Latin: Æra Hispanica), sometimes called the era of Caesar, was a calendar era (year numbering system) commonly used in the states of the Iberian Peninsula from the 5th century until the 15th, when it was phased out in favour of the Anno Domini (AD) system. The epoch (start date) of the Spanish era was 1 January 38 BC. To convert an Anno Domini date to the corresponding year in the Spanish era, add 38 to the Anno Domini year, such that Era 941 would be equivalent to AD 903. A date given in the Spanish era always uses the word era followed by a feminine ordinal number (when written out instead of given in Roman numerals). This contrasts with the AD system that uses the masculine anno (year): i.e., era millesima octava versus anno millesimo octavo.
The reasons behind the choice of 38 BC are unknown. It has been suggested that it may result from an Easter table that began with that year (rather than the Incarnation). Isidore of Seville in his Etymologiae (early 7th century) included an explanation of the meaning of Latin aera, plural of aes (bronze, brass, copper). "An era", writes Isidore, "according to the sequence of the years was set up by Caesar Augustus when he first levied a general tax and mapped the Roman world [i.e., in 38 BC]. It was called aera because the whole world pledged itself to deliver copper to the state." In reality, the meaning of "period of time" for aera comes from the use of bronze counters in calculations.
The Spanish era was used throughout the Visigothic Kingdom, which covered all of the Iberian Peninsula and the region of Septimania. It was even used in parts of North Africa. It continued in use in these regions but gradually fell away before the end of the Middle Ages. Official usage of the era ceased in different parts of the peninsula at different times: Catalonia dropped the era (as well as the French king's regnal year) in AD 1180, Aragon in 1349/1350, Valencia in 1358, Castile in 1382/1383, Portugal in 1420/1422 and Navarre in the early 15th century. While the year officially began on 1 January under the Spanish era, that was changed to 25 December when the Anno Domini system was adopted (while the Church used 11 January).
In al-Andalus under Muslim rule, the Spanish era was called the taʾrīkh al-ṣufr. This has been interpreted by Ignác Goldziher as "European era", from taʾrīkh (date, era, annals) and aṣfar (yellow, pale, red), a word which came to be applied to Greeks, then Romans and by the Middle Ages to Europeans in general, the Banuʾl-Aṣfar ("sons of the yellow one"). Alternatively, Giorgio Levi Della Vida interprets it as "Bronze Era", with ṣufr corresponding to Latin aera, i.e. "bronze." This derivation is supported by a legend recorded in the 12th-century Chronica Gothorum Pseudoisidoriana and interpolated in the Arabic translation of Orosius' Historiae adversus paganos. According to this legend, Augustus in 38 BC taxed the whole empire in bronze or copper coin and melted it down to make plates with which he covered the banks of the Tiber.
# Thritthi Nonsrichai

Thritthi Nonsrichai (Thai: ธฤติ โนนศรีชัย, born March 13, 1983, in Bangkok), simply known as Doy (Thai: ดอย), is a Thai retired professional footballer who plays as a centre-back.

## Honours
### Clubs

Muangthong United
* Thai Premier League: 2012
# Liliger

The liliger is the hybrid offspring of a male lion (Panthera leo) and a female liger (Panthera leo♂ × Panthera tigris♀). Thus, it is a second generation hybrid. In accordance with Haldane's rule, male tigons and ligers are sterile, but female ligers and tigons can produce cubs. The first such hybrid was born in 1943, at the Hellabrunn Zoo.

## Description

Male liligers are slightly larger than the females, and also sport a mane, a characteristic they share with male lions. While a liger will often inherit the sandy coloring and stripes of its parentage, liligers often develop rosettes similar to a leopard.

## History

According to Wild Cats of the World (1975) by C. A. W. Guggisberg, ligers and tigons were long thought to be sterile, but in 1943, a 15-year-old hybrid between a lion and an 'Island' tiger was successfully mated with a lion at the Munich Hellabrunn Zoo. The female cub was raised to adulthood despite its delicate health.
In September 2012, the Russian Novosibirsk Zoo announced the birth of a liliger. The cub was named Kiara, and was born to an 8-year-old female liger, Zita, and a male African lion, Sam. On May 16, 2013, the same couple produced three more female liligers: Luna, Sandra, and Eva.
A liliger was born in the United States from a lion named Simba and a ligress named Akaria at 6:18 AM on November 29, 2013, at The Garold Wayne Interactive Zoological Foundation in Oklahoma. At approximately 3:00 AM on November 30, 2013, the ligress gave birth to two more cubs.
Craig Packer, director of the Lion Research Center at the University of Minnesota has said "In terms of conservation, it's so far away from anything, it's kind of pointless to even say it's irrelevant." The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), the organization responsible for accrediting zoos in North America, neither approves of nor breeds the animals, because they focus on the conservation of wildlife and programs serving that purpose.
# Bel's Boys (TV series)

Bel's Boys is a British children's television series based on the band of the same name. The show had 26 episodes over two series. It first aired on ITV in 2006 and later repeated on CITV.
The series was produced by Initial (part of the Endemol group) and was part funded by the NIFTC (Northern Ireland Film and Television Commission). The series was filmed entirely in Belfast making it the biggest drama series ever to be filmed in Northern Ireland.

## Overview

The programme centres around the band, Bel's Boys, and their 9-year-old manager, Bel. Band members Vince, Leon and Tay send their demo CD to a manager, Ainsley Barter. However, being a manager for acting, not a band manager, he tosses it in the bin. His 9-year-old daughter, Bel, listens to it and is instantly a fan. Bel goes to the garage where the band practice and hang out. Although they are uncertain at first about having a 9-year-old being their manager, she convinces them that the only way for them to get noticed by her father for her to first become their manager. They often enlist the help of Ainsley's assistant, SJ, her younger brother, Ollie, as well as Bel's best friend, Carina, although her friendship with Bel is often strained by her commitment to the band.

## Cast

* Vince - Graham McKee
* Leon - Luke O'Reilly
* Tay - Eoin Logan
* Bel Barter - Allanah Scully
* SJ - Dorothy Cotter
* Ollie - Leo McGuigan
* Carina - Lara McIvor
* Ainsley Barter - Paddy Jenkins
* Max - Robert Sheehan