OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Early appropriate care

Early appropriate care (EAC) is a system in orthopaedic trauma surgery aiming to identify serious major trauma patients and treat the most time-critical injuries without adding to their physiological burden.

## Measures

EAC prescribes that definitive management of unstable axial skeleton and long bone fractures should only be undertaken within 36 hours if an adequate response to resuscitation has been demonstrated by:
* pH ≥7.25
* Lactate ≤4 mmol/L
* Base excess > (less negative than) -5.5 mmol/L
Other factors such as coagulopathy and hypothermia (parts of the Trauma triad of death) would also be indications for DCO with external fixation.

## History

Early total care (ETC) became widespread in the 1980s, when studies showed early definitive fixation of long bone fractures lead to better outcomes, with a reduction in incidence of secondary ARDS, fat embolism and sepsis. Subsequent studies showed that in the unstable patient, long operations lead to a 'second hit' which actually worsened mortality outcomes.
A philosophy of damage control orthopaedics (DCO) was proposed in 2000, aiming to prevent early death in a critically wounded patient via stabilization and not definitive fixation, often with the use of external fixation systems.
EAC was developed by Heather Vallier while at MetroHealth in Cleveland. The term early appropriate care was first proposed in her Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma article in 2013 as an evolution of DCO, with a focus on resuscitation rather than injury severity score.
# Marcel Arntz

Marcel Arntz (born 18 November 1965) is a Dutch former cyclist. He competed in the men's cross-country mountain biking event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# 2022 Internazionali di Tennis del Friuli Venezia Giulia – Men's doubles

Orlando Luz and Rafael Matos were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.
Dustin Brown and Andrea Vavassori won the title after defeating Ivan and Matej Sabanov 6–4, 7–5 in the final.

## Seeds

* Ivan Sabanov / Matej Sabanov (final)
* Denys Molchanov / Igor Zelenay (semifinals)
* Dustin Brown / Andrea Vavassori (champions)
* Marco Bortolotti / Sergio Martos Gornés (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | I Sabanov M Sabanov | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Alt | Matteo Marfia M Viola | 1 | 1 | | 1 | I Sabanov M Sabanov | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Yan Bondarevskiy P Kotov | 6 | 3 | [8] | WC | M Bellucci D Pozzi | 2 | 5 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | M Bellucci Davide Pozzi | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | 1 | I Sabanov M Sabanov | 6 | 7$^9$ | | | | | |
| 4 | M Bortolotti S Martos Gornés | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 4 | M Bortolotti S Martos Gornés | 2 | 6$^7$ | | | | | |
| | V Durasovic Georgii Kravchenko | 1 | 1 | | 4 | M Bortolotti S Martos Gornés | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| PR | A Collarini E Dalla Valle | 2 | 2 | | | F Fallert H Jebens | 3 | 6 | [3] | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Fallert H Jebens | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | I Sabanov M Sabanov | 4 | 5 |
| | M Copil F Romboli | 3 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | D Brown A Vavassori | 6 | 7 |
| | VV Cornea Z Kolář | 6 | 3 | [6] | | M Copil F Romboli | 6 | 6$^3$ | [9] | | | | | | | | | |
| | C Ugo Carabelli Matías Zukas | 5 | 1 | | 3 | D Brown A Vavassori | 1 | 7$^7$ | [11] | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | D Brown A Vavassori | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | D Brown A Vavassori | 7$^7$ | 6$^5$ | [10] | | | | |
| | M Arnaldi R Bonadio | 2 | 7 | [10] | | | | | | 2 | D Molchanov I Zelenay | 6$^4$ | 7$^7$ | [3] | | | | |
| | Andrey Chepelev A Jecan | 6 | 5 | [7] | | M Arnaldi R Bonadio | 4 | 6$^1$ | | | | | | | | | | |
| Alt | Riccardo Balzerani Samuel Vincent Ruggeri | 6$^0$ | 1 | | 2 | D Molchanov I Zelenay | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | D Molchanov I Zelenay | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Buzaglo test

The Buzaglo test is a phrase coined in Israeli law which subsequently developed into an idiom in Israel.
In 1976, the Attorney General of Israel at the time, Aharon Barak, decided to begin a criminal investigation against Asher Yadlin in relation to the Yadlin affair. Yadlin, an important figure in the dominant Mapai party who was under consideration for the position of governor of the Bank of Israel, was suspected of theft and receiving bribes. Yadlin asked to be questioned by the police in his office, but Barak refused on the grounds that the law should treat all equally, without regards to their social standing. Yadlin was questioned in a police facility, and was later convicted and sentenced to five years' imprisonment.
Barak's decision was significant at the time due to the prolonged dominance of the Mapai party in Israeli politics and society. Referring to the decision, Barak coined the phrase "the law for Yadlin is the same as the law for Buzaglo" (Din Yadlin – KeDin Buzaglo). The phrase was intended to mean that both the strong and the weak in society were subject to the law. Yadlin represented the predominantly Ashkenazi political elite of Israel, whereas Buzaglo, a common Moroccan Jewish surname, represented the Mizrahi population, which at the time were considerably poorer and weaker.
Although it was originally used in the context of the rule of law and specific corruption charges, the Buzaglo test has since become a litmus test for a range of inter-ethnic issues in Israel.
# Jan B. Poulsen

Jan Børge Poulsen (born 23 March 1946) is a Danish football manager and former player who played as midfielder, spending most of his professional career at Boldklubben Frem.

## Coaching career

During the 1980s Poulsen coached Boldklubben Frem and Køge Boldklub.
In 1990, he was named Richard Møller Nielsen's assistant for the Denmark national team, and he was part of the team that won the Euro 1992. After the win in 1992 he was promoted to head coach of the Denmark U21 national team. He had this job until 1999, when he was named new sporting director of the Singapore national team. When Vincent Subramaniam was sacked in 2001 due to bad results, Poulsen stepped in to replace him. This did not help Singapore and Poulsen himself was sacked in 2002.
He then returned to Denmark to a couple of minor coaching jobs. In 2006, he made an agreement with Greve Fodbold to become new head coach, but at the same time he got the offer to become coach of the Jordan U-20s. In the end he accepted the job from Jordan.
In January 2008, he accepted an offer to become the head coach of the Armenia national team. On 30 March 2009, Poulsen was relieved of his duties from the Football Federation of Armenia.
Poulsen took over as the head coach of Tanzania national team in August 2010 after being appointed by the Tanzanian Football Federation from a short-list of five from 59 applicants. After four months in charge of the team, he led Tanzania to victory in the 2010 CECAFA Cup - the first win of the country since 1994. He left Tanzania in May 2012 and was replaced by his fellow Dane and namesake Kim Poulsen.
In August 2013 he became new manager of the Danish lower league club Solrød FC. In the summer of 2014 he was named new manager of Haslev FC.

## References and notes

* ↑ Jan B. Poulsen at WorldFootball.net
* ↑ "New Stars Coach Sees Ray of Hope". Daily News. Dar es Salaam. 2 August 2010. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
* ↑ "Tanzania crowned Cecafa champions". BBC Sport. 12 December 2010.
* ↑ Muga, Emmanuel (12 May 2012). "Tanzania make coaching switch". BBC Sport. Retrieved 17 January 2022.Tanzania replace Jan Poulsen with namesake Kim Poulsen, bbc.co.uk, 12 May 2012.
* ↑ "Omrejst landstræner til Solrød". Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
* ↑ "Jan B. Poulsen overtager hos Haslev FC". lokalbold.dk. Archived from the original on 10 July 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
# Jose Giral (Pennsylvania politician)

Jose Giral is a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing the 180th District since 2023.
# Emmett Riley

Emmett Riley (born May 6, 1969) is an American politician who served as a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives for the 46th district from 2013 to 2023.
# Arne Börjesson

Knut Arne Börjesson (14 April 1925 – 2 July 2017) was a Swedish racewalker. He competed in the 10 km event at the 1952 Summer Olympics, but failed to reach the final.
# Jan Bjur

Jan Bjur (born 4 August 1965) is a Danish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Vanløse IF, Brønshøj BK and Akademisk Boldklub (AB), winning the 1999 Danish Cup with AB. Jan Bjur played 148 games and scored 20 goals for AB in the Danish Superliga championship from 1996 to 2001.
He is the older brother of Danish international midfielder Ole Bjur, and the uncle of Brøndby IF player Peter Bjur. He has one daughter from a former marriage, Frederikke Bjur Susanka, now a law student.

## Honours
### Akademisk Boldklub

* Danish Cup: 1998–99
# J. Royston Stifler

J. Royston Stifler (died February 15, 1921) was an American politician and lawyer from Maryland. He served in the Maryland Senate from 1918 to 1920.

## Early life

J. Royston Stifler was born in Harford County, Maryland, to Margaret McC. and Curtis H. Stifler. He studied at county schools and graduated from Dickinson College in 1886. He was admitted to the bar in 1888.

## Career

After getting admitted to the bar, Stifler practiced law. Stifler served as state's attorney of Harford County, from 1904 to 1916. In 1917, Stifler served as a presidential elector.
Stifler was a Democrat. Stifler served in the Maryland Senate, representing Harford County, from 1918 to 1920.

## Personal life

Stifler married Mrs. Welgetta Brownel in 1890. They had one son, F. Royston. Stifler lived in Bel Air, Maryland.
Stifler died on February 15, 1921, at the age of 59, at Mercy Hospital. He was buried at Norrisville Methodist Protestant Cemetery in Norrisville, Maryland.
# Mary of Marion Isle

Mary of Marion Isle is a 1929 novel by H Rider Haggard. It was his penultimate novel and was published posthumously. Haggard originally came up with the idea for the novel in 1916 while travelling on a ship from South Africa to Australia and glancing at the islands they passed on the way there.
# Pacific Northwest Amateur

The Pacific Northwest Amateur is an annual amateur golf tournament. It is one of the oldest amateur tournaments in the United States having first been played in 1899. It is organized by the Pacific Northwest Golf Association (PNGA) and the tournament is also known as the PNGA Men's Amateur. It is played at a variety of courses in the Pacific Northwest.

## Winners

* 2024 Sam Renner
* 2023 Joshua Koo
* 2022 Paul Mitzel
* 2021 Alfred Raja
* 2020 Canceled
* 2019 Laurent Desmarchais
* 2018 Mitchell Baldridge
* 2017 Emmett Oh
* 2016 Yuan Yechun
* 2015 Anthony Quayle
* 2014 James Beale
* 2013 Cameron Peck
* 2012 Shotaro Ban
* 2011 Zac Blair
* 2010 Brett Drewitt
* 2009 Tyler Matthews
* 2008 Jason Kang
* 2007 Jake Younan-Wise
* 2006 Danny Green
* 2005 Jordan Madison
* 2004 David Fern
* 2003 Nick Flanagan
* 2002 Brady Stockton
* 2001 Jason Hartwick
* 2000 Jeff Quinney
* 1999 Michael Beard
* 1998 Jeff Quinney
* 1997 Ben Crane
* 1996 Joel Kribel
* 1995 Birk Nelson
* 1994 Tiger Woods
* 1993 Chris Jorgensen
* 1992 Scott Bennett
* 1991 Craig Kanada
* 1990 Warren Vickers
* 1989 Todd Kernaghan
* 1988 Mike Swingle
* 1987 Scott Sullivan
* 1986 Jim Strickland
* 1985 Mike Hegarty
* 1984 Jeff Ellis
* 1983 Dave DeLong
* 1982 Eric Johnson
* 1981 Rick Fehr
* 1980 Brian Haugen
* 1979 Mark Wiebe
* 1978 Scott Tuttle
* 1977 Jeff Coston
* 1976 Bill Sander
* 1975 Bob Mitchell
* 1974 Ed Jonson
* 1973 Dave Mick
* 1972 Jim McLean
* 1971 Jim McLean
* 1970 Pat Welch
* 1969 Jim McLean
* 1968 Allen Brooks
* 1967 Donny Power
* 1966 Elwin Fanning
* 1965 George Holland
* 1964 Mickey Shaw
* 1963 Ken Storey
* 1962 Kermit Zarley
* 1961 Harry Givan
* 1960 Ron Willey
* 1959 Ron Willey
* 1958 George Holland
* 1957 Bill Warner
* 1956 Bob Kidd
* 1955 Dick Yost
* 1954 Bob Fleming
* 1953 Dick Yost
* 1952 Bill Mawhinney
* 1951 Jack Westland
* 1950 Al Mengert
* 1949 Bruce McCormick
* 1948 Glen Sherriff
* 1947 Ray Weston
* 1946 Harry Givan
* 1945 Harry Givan
* 1942–44 No tournament
* 1941 Bud Ward
* 1940 Jack Westland
* 1939 Jack Westland
* 1938 Jack Westland
* 1937 Harry Givan
* 1936 Harry Givan
* 1935 Albert Campbell
* 1934 Kenneth Storey
* 1933 Albert Campbell
* 1932 Chandler Egan
* 1931 Frank Dolp
* 1930 Eddie Hogan
* 1929 Frank Dolp
* 1928 Oscar Willing
* 1927 Rudolph Wilhelm
* 1926 Forest Watson
* 1925 Chandler Egan
* 1924 Oscar Willing
* 1923 Chandler Egan
* 1922 George Von Elm
* 1921 George Von Elm
* 1920 Chandler Egan
* 1919 Clare Griswold
* 1918 H. A. Fleager
* 1917 Rudolph Wilhelm
* 1916 S. R. Smith
* 1915 Chandler Egan
* 1914 Jack Neville
* 1913 A. V. Macan
* 1912 R. N. Kincks
* 1911 W. B. Mixter
* 1910 R. L. MacLeay
* 1909 Douglas Grant
* 1908 George Ladd Munn
* 1907 T. S. Lippy
* 1906 C.K. Magill
* 1905 R. L. MacLeay
* 1904 R. L. MacLeay
* 1903 R. L. MacLeay
* 1902 F. C. Newton
* 1901 A. H. Goldfinch
* 1900 P. B. Gifford
* 1899 Charles H. Mallott
# Vilcha, Kyiv Oblast

Vilcha (Ukrainian: Вільча; Russian: Вильча) is an abandoned settlement and former urban-type settlement in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, part of Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The settlement was founded in 1926 on the site of a settlement named Oleksiivka (Ukrainian: Олексіївка). After the 1986 accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, 45 km far from Vilcha, the settlement was not included into the "Exclusion Zone" before 1993. During 1993 to 1996, most of the 2,000 residents moved to Kharkiv Oblast, where they founded a new Vilcha (709 km away), a few kilometres south of the town of Vovchansk.
The ghost town, today one of the checkpoints to the Exclusion Zone, was resettled by a few samosely some years later.
On February 24, 2022, the State Border Service of Ukraine claimed to be battling a column of Russian military vehicles at the border crossing with Belarus, near Vilcha. From February to April 2022, Vilcha was occupied by Russia as a result of the 2022 invasion.

## Geography

Located near the borders with Zhytomyr Oblast and the Belarusian Oblast of Gomel, Vilcha is located in the middle of the natural region of Polesia, close to its radioecological reserve. It is 17 km from Poliske, 40 km from Krasiatychi (the raion's administrative seat), 43 km from Pripyat, 44 km from Ovruch and 95 km from Slavutych.

## Transport

The settlement is crossed in the middle by the regional highway P02 Ovruch-Kyiv (150 km south), and is the southern end of the T1035 road from Oleksandrivka, Naroulia District, in Belarus, that continues as P37 highway to Naroulia and Mazyr (95 km north). It also has a railway station, officially in service but without passenger traffic, on the Chernihiv–Ovruch line.

## Gallery

* A rail track nearby Vilcha station
* Old friendship monument at the old Belarusian border (current Ukrainian Side)
* An abandoned house, hidden by vegetation
# John Shaban

John Thomas Shaban (born September 6, 1964) is an American politician and attorney. A member of the Republican Party, Shaban served in the Connecticut House of Representatives until 2017, representing the 135th District, which encompasses the communities of Easton, Redding, and Weston.

## Early life and education

Shaban attended the University of Colorado Boulder. He earned his A.B.A. Environmental Law Certificate from the Elisabeth Haub School of Law at Pace University in New York in 1993. He was a semi-professional football player from 1985 to 1989 and from 1994 to 2006.

## Career
### Professional

He has worked professionally as a fact finder/arbitrator for the Connecticut Judicial Branch and an arbitrator for the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Between 2003 and 2018, Shaban has been a partner of the Litigation Department at Whitman, Breed, Abbott & Morgan, LLP. He is currently a partner of Levine & Levine PLLC, a law firm based out of Poughkeepsie, New York, where he leads the Connecticut office. He is admitted to the bar in New York and Connecticut.

### Politics

Shaban was the ranking member of the Connecticut legislature's Environment Committee as well as a member of both the Judiciary Committee and the Finance, Revenue and Bonding Committee.
In 2013, Shaban supported the Mental Health, School Security and Gun Control bill.
Shaban ran for the United States House of Representatives to represent Connecticut's 4th congressional district in the 2014 elections, challenging incumbent Jim Himes of the Democratic Party. He withdrew from the race, and in 2015 declared his candidacy against Himes in the 2016 elections.

## Personal life

Shaban is married to Lucy Eliza Shaban (b. 1965) and has three children.
He resides in Redding, Connecticut.
# Allan Carlsson (cyclist)

Allan Carlsson (17 April 1929 – 25 August 1953) was a Swedish cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Jens Christensen (sailor)

Jens Christensen (born 18 December 1953) is a Danish sailor. He competed in the Star event at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Jim Haddock

Jim Haddock is a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing the 118th District since 2023.

## Career

Haddock served as the clerk of courts and prothonotary manager in Luzerne County for 10 years.
# Ikot Akpa-Ekang

Ikot Akpa-Ekang is a village in Uruan local government area of Akwa Ibom state in Nigeria. It is a rural area in the Southern Uruan District.
# Marmara (Lycia)

Marmara was a town of ancient Lycia, whose inhabitants put up a ferocious defense to Alexander the Great during his invasion. The name does not appear in history, but the ethnonym is cited by Diodorus Siculus. The town's territory is called Mnarike (Ancient Greek: Μναρική) in the Stadiasmus Patarensis, implying a town name of Mnara.
The identification of Mnara with Marmara has generally been accepted at the site of Kavak Daği where it extends over the top and slopes at 1350 m, behind Kemer. Excavations began in 2004 and are on-going.

## History

Marmara’s warriors were very skilled and its fortresses were situated in impregnable positions. The site became part of the territory of Phaselis after Alexander's invasion and Marmara established a sympoliteia with Phaselis. It was an independent polis during the Hellenistic period.
It was the centre of the Mnarike region that is mentioned on the Miliarium Lyciae.

## Site

It is located on an extremely sheer and inaccessible rock acropolis with building remains on its slopes. No city walls have been found and, like Arycanda, only remains of a tower were seen overlooking both the sea and the valley.
Remains of a temple include reliefs and statue fragments of animals with paws and/or with hooves and unidentified male/deity figures. Its plan is reminiscent of those dedicated to Artemis at Neapolis and Kelbessos. A house altar uncovered at Rhodiapolis in 2007 states that it was dedicated to Artemis of Mnara and indicates that the temple there was dedicated to Artemis.
At the top of the settlement is a small bouleuterion overlooking Kemer and the Pamphylian sea. It is rectangular with eleven rows of seats. In front a platform on a strong terrace wall overlooks the entire panorama.
The rocky slope has remains of buildings and an agora is clearly visible. Further below is a large Hellenistic structure built from rectangular stone blocks with a large doorway and three windows and large cistern next to it. Water containers were filled here and next to the mouth of this cistern is a gargoyle-like stone which was used to return the excess water in order not to waste it.
# Martin Laamers

Martin Laamers (born 2 August 1967) is a Dutch former international footballer who played as a midfielder. Laamers played for professional clubs in the Netherlands and Belgium, making over 400 career appearances.

## Career

Born in Arnhem, Laamers played for FC Wageningen, Vitesse, KRC Harelbeke and Gent.
Laamers made two appearances for the Netherlands between 1989 and 1990.
# Ulf Carlsson (boxer)

Ulf Carlsson (born 3 June 1949) is a Swedish boxer. He competed in the men's light welterweight event at the 1976 Summer Olympics. At the 1976 Summer Olympics, he lost to Ray Leonard of the United States.
# Kate M. Harper

Catherine M. "Kate" Harper (born April 5, 1956) is an American politician of the Republican Party who formerly represented the 61st Legislative District in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Harper was the Chair of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives Local Government Committee and sat on the Transportation Committee.

## Early life and education

Kate Harper graduated from Gwynedd Mercy Academy High School, La Salle University, and Villanova University School of Law. She lives in Lower Gwynedd Township and has two children. She is a partner at the law firm of Timoney Knox.

## Political career

She was appointed to the Lower Gwynedd Township Planning Commission and was elected township supervisor, where she served as the chairman of the Lower Gwynedd Township Board of Supervisors.
Harper has represented the 61st Legislative District in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania since 2000 and is a member of the Republican Party of Pennsylvania. Harper was the prime architect of the Growing Greener II initiative (Act 1 of 2005), a voter-approved plan to invest $625 million in farmland preservation, open space and parks, and environmental projects.
Harper has also served as Chairman of the:
* House Children and Youth Committee
* House Ethics Committee
She has also served on the Pennsylvania and Delaware Regional Water Committees. Harper has received various awards in her political career.
She was defeated by Democrat Liz Hanbidge in the 2018 General Election after 18 years in office.