OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mary H. Bradford

Mary H. Bradford (or Auntie Mary Bradford) was an American blues singer, songwriter, composer, and lyricist. She performed and recorded with Bennie Moten, Ada Brown, and Bennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra. She emerged alongside the early rise of blues music, with The Call noting in November 1923 that she was one of Kansas City's prominent race artists, credited with creating "first big blues". Bradford was a contra-alto vocalist with a very brief career in music. Her album feature debut was with Bennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra in 1923. Her second and final album was recorded under the name Auntie Mary Bradford in 1928 and was a solo album.

## Career
### Singer

* "Waco Texas Blues" – Mary Bradford acc. Bennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra – September 1923
* "Chattanooga Blues" – Mary Bradford acc. Bennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra – September 1923
* "Selma Bamma Blues" – Mary Bradford acc. Bennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra – September 1923

### Lyricist/composer

* "Sobbin' Hearted Blues" – Sara Martin and Clarence Williams – September 1924
* "Sobbin' Hearted Blues" – Bessie Smith – January 1925
# Timothy Sullivan (Irish judge)

Timothy Michael Sullivan (25 August 1874 – 12 May 1949) was an Irish judge who served as Chief Justice of Ireland from 1936 to 1946, a Judge of the Supreme Court from 1924 to 1946, President of the High Court and a Judge of the High Court from 1924 to 1936.
He was born in Dublin in 1874, the third surviving son among 17 children of Timothy Daniel Sullivan, a prominent Home Rule Party MP and Lord Mayor of Dublin and his wife Catherine Healy. Through his sister Anne, who married Dr. Thomas Higgins, he was the uncle of Kevin O'Higgins and great-uncle of another Chief Justice, Tom O'Higgins. His mother was a sister of Timothy Michael Healy, the first Governor-General of the Irish Free State, and Sullivan in turn married their daughter Maeve. He was called to the Bar in 1895.
In 1913, Sullivan married his niece Maev Healy, daughter of his sister Erina Catherine Sullivan and her husband Timothy Michael Healy. Maev was an artist who painted the well-known portrait of her husband in his judicial robes. They had no children. His strongly nationalist background made him acceptable to the new Government of the Irish Free State as a member of the new judiciary and accordingly, in 1924, he was appointed President of the High Court; in 1936, on the death of Hugh Kennedy, he was appointed Chief Justice of Ireland and served until he reached retirement age in 1946.
His most notable judgment was the upholding by the Supreme Court in 1940 of the constitutionality of the Offences Against the State (Amendment) Bill which allowed for indefinite detention of suspected IRA members. A casual remark of Sullivan that he was giving judgment "for the majority" caused controversy and led to the Second Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland 1941 providing for a single judgment only in such cases. There was further controversy in the 1960s when an academic claimed that Sullivan had "packed" the Court in favour of the Government by persuading James Creed Meredith to step down in favour of Conor Maguire. The claim seems to be unfounded: Sullivan was a firm believer in judicial independence, and in any case, by 1940 any political sympathies he had were with the Opposition, not the Government.
His cousin Maurice Healy in his celebrated memoir The Old Munster Circuit portrays Timothy as a kindly, serious young man; Mr Justice MacKenzie in his memoir Lawful Occasions recalled the much older Sullivan, then Chief Justice, as "an old-fashioned Irish gentleman, quiet living".
# Angel with a Lariat

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Mojo | |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
Angel with a Lariat is the second album by k.d. lang and the Reclines, released in 1987. This was the first release outside of Canada.

## Track listing

* "Turn Me Round" (Ben Mink) – 3:13
* "High Time for a Detour" (lang, Mink) – 4:09
* "Diet of Strange Places" (lang) – 3:53
* "Got the Bull by the Horns" (Amos Boyd, Billy Jones) – 3:03
* "Watch Your Step Polka" (Teddy Borowiecki, lang, Dennis Marcenko, Gordie Matthews) – 2:01
* "Rose Garden" (Joe South) – 3:19
* "Tune into My Wave" (Mink) – 3:32
* "Angel with a Lariat" (lang) – 3:08
* "Pay Dirt" (lang) – 2:09
* "Three Cigarettes in an Ashtray" (Eddie Miller, W. S. Stevenson) – 2:25

## Personnel

* k.d. lang – vocals, backing vocals
The Reclines
* Teddy Borowiecki – accordion, keyboard, backing vocals
* Dennis Marcenko – bass, backing vocals
* Gordie Matthews – guitar, backing vocals
* Ben Mink – guitar, electric mandolin, violin, backing vocals
* Michel Pouliot – drums, backing vocals
Additional personnel
* B.J. Cole – steel guitar on "Diet of Strange Places"
* Roy Dodds – drums on "Three Cigarettes in an Ashtray"
* Dave Edmunds – additional acoustic guitar on "Turn Into My Wave", backing vocals
* Keith Nelson – banjo on "Turn Me Round" and "High Time For a Detour"
* Anne Dudley – string arrangement on "Three Cigarettes in an Ashtray"

## Production

* Dave Edmunds – producer
* Carey Taylor – engineer
* Jeri McManus Heiden, Kim Champagne, k.d. lang – art direction
* Amy Vangsgard – 3-D cover illustration

## Chart performance

| Chart (1987) | Peak position |
| Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM) | 40 |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 53 |

## Certifications

Certifications for Angel with a Lariat :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 50,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Chyliza erudita

Chyliza erudita is a species of rust flies in the family Psilidae.
# Beijing Ancient Observatory

The Beijing Ancient Observatory (traditional Chinese: 北京古觀象臺; simplified Chinese: 北京古观象台; pinyin: Běijīng Gǔ Guānxiàngtái) is a pretelescopic observatory located in Beijing, China. The observatory was built in 1442 during the Ming dynasty, and expanded during the Qing. It received major reorganization and many new, more accurate instruments from Europeans (Jesuits) in 1644.
As one of the oldest observatories in the world, the Beijing Ancient Observatory grounds cover an area of 10,000 square meters. The observatory itself is located on a 40 by 40 metres (130 ft × 130 ft) wide platform on the top of a 15 m (49 feet) tall brick tower, an extant portion of the old Ming dynasty era city wall that once encircled Beijing. Several of the bronze astronomical instruments are on the platform, and other armillary spheres, sundials, and other instruments are located nearby at ground level. It is operated as a museum in affiliation with the Beijing Planetarium.

## History

It was said that in 1227, the Jin dynasty transferred the ancient astronomical instruments from Kaifeng to the first observatory in Beijing. In 1279, the succeeding Mongols under Kublai Khan built a new observatory just north of the current observatory. Kublai Khan made his chief adviser of hydraulics, mathematics and astronomy, Guo Shoujing, director of the observatory in 1283 after the death of Guo's friend and predecessor Zhang Wenqian. After the Mongols, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding Ming Emperor, transferred the instruments from Beijing to Nanjing. When the Yongle Emperor came to power, he had craftsmen make copies of the instruments in Nanjing and sent them to the Beijing observatory.
The current observatory was completed in 1442. It assisted the Ming and Qing astronomers in their observation reports for the Emperor. As he was considered the "Son of Heaven", the movements of the heavenly bodies were an important affair. Another function was to assist sea navigation, with Muslim scholars recruited for their expertise in the area. In the mid-17th century, after winning an astronomy contest, the Jesuit Ferdinand Verbiest was awarded complete charge of the astronomy observatory by the emperor. In 1673, he supervised the rebuilding of some of the instruments. He and other Jesuits helped to further develop the observations of the stars and the planets.
During the later stages of the Qing dynasty, members of the Eight-Nation Alliance looted some of the instruments. However, as World War I drew to a close, the instruments were returned to China by the French and German governments. An early seismograph of Zhang Heng's design used to be housed at the observatory. Some of the instruments from the Ming era are now at Purple Mountain Observatory in Nanjing.

## Access and nearby attractions

The Beijing Ancient Observatory is located just south of Jianguomen in Dongcheng District and can be accessed by Lines 1 and 2 of the Beijing Subway to Jianguomen station (Exit C) and bus routes 25, 39, 43, 44, 52, 122, 434, 637, 638, 750 and 特2 to Jianguomen South (建国门桥南). The Beijing railway station and the Ming City Wall Relics Park are a short walk to the south.
# Friedensruh

Friedensruh is a community in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is located in the Rural Municipality of Stanley. It is approximately 10 kilometres away from the city of Winkler.
# Wesley Balk

H. Wesley Balk (October 31, 1932 – March 21, 2003) was an American performance theorist/coach and stage director. He was artistic director of the Minnesota Opera for almost twenty years, where he directed several world premieres, including Conrad Susa's Transformations.
He authored several books on performance, including The Complete Singer-Actor and The Radiant Performer.

## Sources

* Hahn, Trudi, "H. Wesley Balk, opera director, dies at 70; The Minnesota Opera's creative leader helped develop an American style of operatic performance", Star Tribune, 22 March 2003 (accessed via subscription 11 June 2010)
* "H. Wesley Balk". Star Tribune. 2003-04-06. Retrieved 2019-05-15.
* Opera America, Transformations, North American Works Directory (accessed 6 June 2010)
# Thérèse De Grijze

Thérèse De Grijze (24 August 1926 – 2005) was a Belgian gymnast. She competed in the women's artistic team all-around at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Lezhë railway station

Lezhë railway station serves the city of Lezhë in northwest Albania.
The line was opened in 1981. It was a terminal station until the extension to Shkodër was completed the following year. Like most other railway stations in Albania, Lezhë has become underused since the rise in private car ownership following the end of the communist regime in the 1990s.
Lezhë is one of the larger, more substantial stations on the line, and formerly had a number of facilities; it once had a bar, which was privatised in 1993.
In 2013, the Municipality of Lezhë announced a plan to build a large new business park in the city, which would include a new, improved freight facility for the station, though it is unclear whether this plan will be carried out.
# Jodie Gibson

Jodie Gibson (born 30 October 1992) is an English netball player. She was part of the England squad that won gold at the 2018 Commonwealth Games. At a club level, she represents Saracens Mavericks and has previously played for Severn Stars, Manchester Thunder and Loughborough Lightning.
# St. Nicholas' Chapel, Hanover

St. Nicholas' Chapel (German: Nikolaikapelle) is an architectural heritage monument (Baudenkmal) and the oldest building in Hanover, Germany.$^{:8}$ First built as a chapel dedicated to Saint Nicholas between 1250 and 1284 and a choir dating to 1325, it was damaged severely during the aerial bombings of Hanover during World War II.$^{:13}$ In 1953 the then approximately 700-year-old chapel was largely torn down to make way for a road as part of a larger post-war city-wide strategy to accommodate cars, with the currently 699-year-old choir left standing as a monument.$^{:287–289}$

## Epitaphs at the chapel

* Group of epitaphs next to the chapel
* Epitaph for Ludolf von Anderten and his family (1601)
* Epitaph for ILSA MARGARE[TA?] († 1654), daughter of Justus Müller and his wife
* Epitaph for shoemaker Hans Hagen (1627–1716) and his wife Margareta Wietgrefe (1633–1697), signed "H. J. U." for the sculptor Hans Jacob Uhle
# Master of Public Policy and Administration

The Master of Public Policy and Administration (MPPA) is a graduate-level professional degree that blends the theoretical and practical aspects of public administration and policy analysis. Tailored for individuals aspiring to contribute to the public and non-profit sectors, the MPPA provides students with a multidisciplinary understanding of governance, management, and evidence-based policy-making. This degree equips graduates to design, analyze, and implement public policies and programs in diverse settings, both domestically and internationally.

## Similar degrees

Similar degrees within the domain of Public Affairs include:
* Master of Public Affairs (M.P.A. or M.P.Aff.)
* Master of Public Policy (M.P.P.)
* Master of Public Administration (M.P.A. or M.P.Adm.)
* Master of Public Service (M.P.S.)
* Master of Science in Administration (M.S.A.)
* Master of Science in Management (M.S.M. or M.I.M.)
* Master of Science in Public Affairs
* Master of Science in Public Policy (M.S.P.P.)
* Master of Arts in Law and Diplomacy (M.A.L.D.)
* Master of Arts in International Policy Studies (MAIPS)
* Master of Public Management (M.P.M.)
* Master of Governmental Administration (M.G.A.)
* Master of Urban Planning (M.U.P.)
* Master of City Planning (M.C.P.)
* Master of Regional Planning (M.R.P.)
* Master of Urban and Regional Planning (M.U.R.P.)
* Master of International Affairs (M.I.A.)
* Master of Global Policy Studies (MGPS)
* Master of Nonprofit Organizations (MNPO or MNO)
# Gil Courtemanche

Gil Courtemanche (August 18, 1943 – August 19, 2011) was a Canadian progressive journalist and novelist in third-world and international politics. He wrote for the Montreal newspaper Le Devoir.

## Life and career

Courtemanche was born in Montreal, Quebec. He began his career as a journalist in 1962, with several collaborations with Radio-Canada including Le 60, Métro Magazine and Présent National. He later created L'Évènement, a television program with Radio-Canada which he also hosted between 1978 and 1980. During the same period, he was also an editorialist with CBOT, an Ottawa radio station. In 1978, he hosted Contact, the first public affairs magazine for Télé-Québec. Between 1980 and 1986, he worked as a host, analyst and correspondent for the programs Télémag, Première Page and Le Point with Radio-Canada.
Courtemanche helped found the sovereigntist and social democrat newspaper Le Jour, and also worked as a journalist with La Presse. From 1986, he worked on various publications such as Alternatives and Le Libraire. He published columns on international politics in Le Soleil, Le Droit, and Le Devoir.
He participated in making documentaries, including the series Soleil dans la nuit for TV5 Europe-Afrique-Canada, on the first anniversary of the Rwandan genocide. He also filmed a documentary on AIDS entitled The Gospel of AIDS. Furthermore, he helped produced various documentaries and advertisements on the third-world for Le Cardinal Léger et ses œuvres and OXFAM-Québec: leprosy in Haiti, the politics of water, agricultural development in the Philippines, education for disabled children in Thailand, etc.
His first novel, Un dimanche à la piscine à Kigali, which documents the Rwandan genocide of 1994, was published in 2000. It was chosen for inclusion in the French version of Canada Reads, broadcast on Radio-Canada in 2004, where it was defended by writer, environmentalist and activist Laure Waridel. Un dimanche à la piscine à Kigali eventually won the contest. It was filmed as A Sunday in Kigali (Un dimanche à Kigali).

## Death

Courtemanche died August 19, 2011, from cancer, one day after his 68th birthday.
# Oglala, South Dakota

Oglala (Lakota: Oglála; "he scatters his own") is a census-designated place (CDP) in West Oglala Lakota Unorganized Territory (civil township) equivalent, Oglala Lakota County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 1,282 at the 2020 census. Its location is in the northwest of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.
The community takes its name from the Oglala Lakota (also called the Oglala Sioux).

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 13.4 square miles (35 km$^2$), of which 12.5 square miles (32 km$^2$) is land and 0.9 square miles (2.3 km$^2$) (6.37%) is water. Oglala stands directly north of the Oglala Dam and its reservoir, Oglala Lake, completed in 1941.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,229 people, 229 households, and 201 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 98.3 inhabitants per square mile (38.0/km$^2$). There were 279 housing units at an average density of 22.3 per square mile (8.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.78% Native American, 0.73% White, 0.08% Asian, 0.08% from other races, and 0.33% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.33% of the population.
There were 229 households, out of which 53.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.1% were married couples living together, 41.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.2% were non-families. 10.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 5.31 and the average family size was 5.62.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 47.8% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 9.9% from 45 to 64, and 4.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 19 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.8 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $17,300, and the median income for a family was $19,688. Males had a median income of $15,781 versus $20,781 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $3,824. About 45.1% of families and 55.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 64.1% of those under age 18 and 52.3% of those age 65 or over.

## Education

The only school in Oglala is Isna Wica Owayawa, also known as Loneman Day School. It is administered by the Bureau of Indian Education and serves kindergarten through eighth grade.
# Hu Peisong

Hu Peisong (Chinese: 胡培松; pinyin: Hú Péisōng; born May 1964) is a Chinese agronomist who is a researcher and the current president of China National Rice Research Institute [zh].

## Biography

Hu was born in Tonglu County, Zhejiang, in May 1964. He attended Zhejiang Agricultural University (now Zhejiang University) where he received his bachelor's degree in 1986. After completing his master's degree at the Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS), he attended Nanjing Agricultural University where he obtained his doctor's degree in 2002. Since 1991, he has been engaged in genetic improvement of rice quality.

## Career

He holds multiple key positions, serving as the Director General of CNNRI, Director of the Rice Production Quality Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, Head of the China-IRRI Joint Research Center on Rice Quality and Nutrition, and leading the Rice Quality Genetic Improvement Innovation Team of CNRRI.
He serves as the Editor Board Member of Rice Science, Chinese Journal of Rice Science, and China Rice. Additionally, he holds an advisory role with the International Hybrid Rice Research and Development Consortium. His extensive expertise has led him to contribute as a Technical Cooperation Expert for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the International Atomic Energy Agency. In this capacity, he has conducted training and offered technical support fir numerous projects in various Asian countries.

## Honours and awards

* November 22, 2019 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
# Jean Allaire

Jean Allaire (born 1930) was the author of the Allaire Report, and subsequently in 1994 the first leader of the fiscally conservative, autonomist provincial level political party in Quebec, the Action démocratique du Québec (ADQ). Allaire resigned within a few months for health reasons and was succeeded by Mario Dumont.
Prior to joining the ADQ, Allaire was an influential member of the Quebec Liberal Party. He and Mario Dumont, organized a group a Liberal dissidents called the Network of Liberals for the No, that campaigned against the Charlottetown Accord.
This faction was disillusioned with the Liberals's stance on Canadian federalism and became the base of the ADQ.
In April 2007, Allaire signed a manifesto that urges Quebec to choose an electoral system in which a significant number of seats would be determined by proportional representation instead of plurality.
In 2012, he was a member of the Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ) after the ADQ merged with the CAQ.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Desjardins, François (2 April 2007). "Oui à la proportionnelle". Le Devoir. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
* ↑ "Jean Allaire appelle les adéquistes à faire le deuil de leur parti". Radio-Canada.ca. 7 January 2012. Retrieved 3 March 2012.
Political offices :
| First | Leader of the Action démocratique du Québec 1994 | Succeeded byMario Dumont |
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# Si Xinliang

Si Xinliang (Chinese: 斯鑫良; pinyin: Sī Xīnliáng; born January 1950) is a former Chinese politician. From 2010 to 2013, Si served as the Vice Chairman of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Political Consultative Conference, a mostly ceremonial legislative consultation body. Prior to that, Si served as the chief of the Organization Department of the Zhejiang provincial Chinese Communist Party Committee. He worked for several years under Xi Jinping, who was serving as the CCP Committee Secretary of Zhejiang.

## Biography

Si was born and raised in Dongyang, Zhejiang province in January 1950. Si joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1981. He has a degree from Zhejiang Agricultural University (later merged into Zhejiang University) in animal husbandry.
Si spent his entire career in Zhejiang province. He worked at a food processing company in his home county as a manager before entering politics, first as deputy county governor. He rose through the ranks and successively served as the CCP Committee Secretary of Pujiang County, the head of the Organization Department for the party organization in the city of Huzhou and later CCP Deputy Committee Secretary. He was then promoted to CCP Committee Secretary, then the provincial propaganda department head.
Si served as chief of the provincial party Organization Department for nearly a decade, between 2001 and 2010, serving under three CCP committee secretaries, Zhang Dejiang, Xi Jinping, and Zhao Hongzhu.
In 2010, Si, having reached the mandatory retirement age of 60, was transferred from his Organization Department leadership position to take on the largely ceremonial role of Vice Chairman of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Political Consultative Conference. Si was detained for investigation in February 2015 by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. Si was notable for being the first provincial-ministerial level official to be detained from Zhejiang province since the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, and also being the first official of his rank who once worked directly under Xi Jinping to be investigated.
Si Xinliang's son, Si Li (斯力), a provincial Communist Youth League official, was also detained.
On June 19, 2015, after investigation by the CCDI, Si was expelled from the CCP. He was accused of violating the Eight-point Regulation, "playing golf rounds paid for by others", aiding the promotion and business activities of associates and taking "massive bribes", and "committed adultery." He was also said to have conspired with his wife to hide "ill-gotten gains" after gaining knowledge of his investigation, and "interfered and obstructed" the investigation. Si was sentenced 13 years in prison for accepting bribes amounting to nearly 20 million yuan (around $2.9 million) by a court in Jiangxi province on December 13, 2016.