OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# SN 1885A

SN 1885A (also S Andromedae) was a supernova in the Andromeda Galaxy, the only one seen in that galaxy so far by astronomers. It was the first supernova ever seen outside the Milky Way, though it was not appreciated at the time due to how far away it was. It is also known as "Supernova 1885".

## Discovery

The supernova appears to have been seen first on August 17, 1885, by French astronomer Ludovic Gully during a public stargazing event. Gully thought it was scattered moonlight in his telescope and did not follow up on this observation. Irish amateur astronomer Isaac Ward in Belfast claimed to have seen the object on August 19, 1885, but did not immediately publish its existence.
The independent detection of the supernova by Ernst Hartwig at Dorpat (Tartu) Observatory in Estonia on August 20, 1885, however, was communicated in a telegram on August 31, 1885, once Hartwig had verified in more ideal circumstances that the feature was not caused by reflected moonlight. The telegram prompted widespread observations of the event, and prompted Isaac Ward, Ludovic Gully, and several others to publish their earlier observations (the first reports on S Andromedae appeared before Hartwig's discovery letter which followed his telegram, since the letter was initially lost by Astronomische Nachrichten and only reprinted in a later issue). The history of the discovery is summarized by K.G. Jones and de Vaucouleurs and Corwin. Both studies doubt that Ward really saw the event since his estimated magnitude is significantly off from the later reconstructed light curve, and conclude that Hartwig should be considered as the discoverer of the supernova.

## Features

SN 1885A reached magnitude 5.85 on 21 August 1885, and faded to magnitude 14 six months later. It was reddish in color and declined rapidly in brightness, which is unusual for type Ia supernovae. Some astronomers observed the spectrum of the star visually (no photographic spectral observations were made in that time). These observations were made at the limit of visibility, but they were considered to be in good agreement with each other and with modern data on typical supernovae of type Ia; SN 1885A has thus been assigned to this type. Studies led by Dovi Poznanski and by Hagai Perets suggest that SN 1885A belongs to a new subclass of Type I supernovae, along with SN 2002bj and SN 1939B.
The supernova occurred at an angular separation of 16″ from the relatively bright nucleus of the galaxy. This made detection of its remnant difficult – early attempts were unsuccessful. In 1988, R. A. Fesen and others used the 4-meter Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak to discover the iron-rich remnant of the explosion. Further observations were made with the Hubble Space Telescope in 1999. The spectrum of the remnant shows the presence of iron, calcium and manganese, which were likely created during the explosion. There is some evidence for spherical symmetry in the explosion; this would mean that this type Ia supernova was not triggered by merging.
* Astronomy portal
# Harlem Opera House

Harlem Opera House was an opera house located at 211 West 125th Street, in the Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, New York, U.S. Designed by architect John B. McElfatrick, it was built in 1889 by Oscar Hammerstein; it was his first theater in the city.

## History

An early work at the house was The Charlatan, an operetta with music and lyrics by John Philip Sousa and a book by Charles Klein, which transferred from the Knickerbocker Theatre. From 1900 to 1911, the theater was known as Keith & Proctor’s Harlem Opera House. Through the early 1920s, the venue was included in the Keith-Albee vaudeville circuit. By 1922, it was purchased by Frank Schiffman and subsequently closed. The Harlem Opera House showed films starting in the mid-1930s. It was demolished in December 1959.

## Architecture and fittings

The venue featured a wide and a grand staircase and balcony of polished Italian marble. The auditorium offered blue seats, and the boxes were arranged in three tiers on either side of the stage. They occupied the most conspicuous part of the theatre, were set forward, and were entirely open. The curtain was made by E. T. Harvey and was decorated with an image of Shakespeare reading one of his plays to Queen Elizabeth and some members of her court; it was painted in bright colors.
# Good Thing (Eternal song)

"Good Thing" is a song by British R&B girl group Eternal, released on 26 February 1996 by EMI and 1st Avenue as the third single from their second album, Power of a Woman (1995). The song was written by David Frank and Jeff Pescetto, and produced by Dennis Charles and Ronnie Wilson. It reached No. 8 in the United Kingdom and stayed in the top 100 for eight weeks. "Good Thing" was their seventh non-consecutive top-10 hit in the UK.

## Critical reception

Gina Morris from Smash Hits gave the single three out of five, writing, "'Good Thing' strides in with all the cool bass funk of Snoop Doggy Dogg (with decidedly girly vocals), flaunts its thing and saunters out again. The best thing they've ever done by far."

## Track listings

* UK CD1 and cassette single
* "Good Thing" (radio mix)
* "Stay"
* "So Good"
* "Oh Baby I..."
* UK CD2 and Australasian CD single
* "Good Thing" (radio mix)
* "Good Thing" (Frankie Knuckles vocal club mix)
* "Good Thing" (Bottom Dollar vocal club mix)
* "Good Thing" (D.A.R.C. Velvet mix)

## Credits and personnel

Credits are adapted from the Power of a Woman album booklet.
Studio
* Mastered at The Master Room (London, England)
Personnel

## Charts

| Chart (1996) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 82 |
| Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) | 49 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 23 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 20 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 8 |
| UK Hip Hop/R&B (OCC) | 1 |
# Mojak Lehoko

Mojakisane 'Mojak' Lehoko, is a South African actor, Stand-up comedian and scriptwriter.

## Personal life

He was born and raised in Johannesburg, South Africa.

## Career

He started stand-up comedy acting at Cool Runnings in Melville in 2009, and his shows have featured at the Ghramstown Arts Festival. Also known as 'The Underground', Cool Runnings is the longest running comedy club in South Africa. Due to his success as a stand-up comedian, he was able to perform in numerous comedy clubs all over South Africa such as 'Parker’s Comedy & Jive' (Johannesburg), 'Tings & Times' (Pretoria), 'Zula' (Cape Town) and 'Jou Ma Se Comedy Club' (Cape Town).
Then he was nominated for a Comic’s choice award for the television show Late Nite News with Loyiso Gola. He also wrote the script of the show. He was nominated for an International Emmy for the show as well. He was also nominated in the Newcomer category in the inaugural Comics Choice awards.
He produced the popular television serials: The Real Jozi A-Listers, Ekasi stories and the sitcom Abomzala telecast on SABC. As a stand-up comedian, he staged one man show How Did I Get Here which became highly popular in South Africa. He then made the television series The Bantu Hour, which later nominated at the South African Film and Television Award (SAFTAs). In 2017, he became a multiple Comics Choice Awards nominee and winner of the Comics Pen Award for best writer. In the television, he worked as the host of popular programs Newsish and Woza Kleva. Then he appeared in the comedy show As a People aired in Comedy Central. Meanwhile, he made his maiden film appearance in the film Wonderboy For President directed by John Barker.
In August 2020, he appeared in the comedy film Seriously Single with a minor role. It was released on July 31, 2020 on Netflix.

## Television credits

* Ekhasi Stories – ‘Wannabe’ – ETV (writer)
* The Real Jozi A-Listers – VuzuAmp (writer)
* Abomzala – SABC (writer)
* South African Insurance Association Sketch Series – Next of Next Week (writer)
* Opening Guys – Mzansi Magic (comedian)
* Late Nite News with Loyiso Gola – Season 1 to Season 5, ETV (writer & cast member)
* Laugh Out Loud (Part of the improvised comedy Troupe) – Mzansi Magic (improviser)
* Ses’Topla, SABC 1 (actor)
# Bachia huallagana

Bachia huallagana, Dixon's bachia, is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is endemic to Peru.
# Mad (Got7 EP)

Mad (stylized as MAD) is the fourth extended play by South Korean boy band Got7, released on September 29, 2015 by JYP Entertainment. The song "If You Do" was used to promote the EP as the lead single.

## Reissue

The reissue of the album, titled Mad Winter Edition, was released on November 23. It consists of the same track list, but also includes 3 new tracks: "Confession Song" (고백송), "Everyday" (매일) and "The Star" (이.별).

### Reissue track listing
## Chart performance
### Music programs

| Song | Program | Date |
| "If You Do" | The Show (SBS MTV) | October 6, 2015 |
| "If You Do" | The Show (SBS MTV) | October 13, 2015 |
| "If You Do" | The Show (SBS MTV) | October 20, 2015 |
# Marnie Simpson

Marnie Simpson (born 17 January 1992) is an English television personality from Consett, County Durham. She appeared on the MTV reality series Geordie Shore. In 2016, she finished in fourth place on the eighteenth series of Celebrity Big Brother, and appeared on the eighth series of Ex on the Beach.

## Career

Simpson joined Geordie Shore in 2013, she had previously appeared in a club scene from series 1 in episode 4. Simpson left the series in 2015 at the end of the eleventh series, but returned in the twelfth series. In 2016, she took part in the eighteenth series of Celebrity Big Brother where she finished in fourth place. In 2017, she returned to Big Brother 18, as a special guest for a shopping task. Simpson also took part in series eight of Ex on the Beach. Later in 2017, she released her own range of contact lenses, under the brand 'I Spy Eyes'. In 2019, Simpson began starring in the MTV series Geordie Shore OGs, a spinoff series of Geordie Shore.

## Personal life

Before appearing on Geordie Shore, Simpson was a runner-up in Miss Newcastle, and she worked as a waitress. She was previously engaged to then boyfriend Ricky Rayment from The Only Way Is Essex on Season 11 of Geordie Shore, but then broke it off & returned to the show in Season 12. Her cousin is a fellow Geordie Shore cast member, Sophie Kasaei. In April 2019, she announced that she was pregnant, and 29 October 2019, she gave birth to her son with partner Casey Johnson. They have a second son born in May 2022.

## Filmography

As herself :
| Year | Title | Note |
| 2011, 2013–2018, 2022–24 | Geordie Shore | Cast member |
| 2016 | Celebrity Big Brother | Housemate; 18th series |
| 2017 | Big Brother | VIP houseguest; 18th series |
| 2017 | Single AF | Cast member |
| 2018 | In Therapy | Series 3, Episode 4 |
| 2018 | Ex on the Beach | Main cast; 8th series |
| 2019–2021 | Geordie Shore OGs | Main cast |
| 2020 | Geordie Shore: Their History | Cast member |
| 2021, 2023– | Geordie React | Cast member |
| 2022 | That’s What She Said | Co-host (season 6) |
| 2023 | All Star Shore | Contestant; Season 2 |
# Alexandros Doris

Alexandros Doris (Greek: Αλέξανδρος Δόρης; born 10 July 1998) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Super League 2 club Kozani.

## Honours
### Volos

* Football League: 2018–19
# Erin Joe

Erin Joe is currently working for Mandiant/Google Cloud as their Senior Vice President of Strategy and Alliances.
Erin Joe was the 2nd director of the U.S. government's Cyber Threat Intelligence Integration Center.
Joe was previously a senior executive over cyber operations at the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). She served as a special agent in the FBI for 22 years.
# Li Sixun

Li Sixun (651–716 Chinese: 李思训; Wade–Giles: Li Ssu-hsün) was a Chinese noble and painter of landscapes who lived during the Tang dynasty. According to Encyclopædia Britannica, he is considered by Dong Qichang to be the founder of the Northern school of landscape painting.
As a member of the royal family, he had the honorary title of general. His son Li Zhaodao was also a painter and so the father is distinguished as General Li Senior or the Elder.
He used brightly coloured mineral pigments, especially azurite blue and malachite green. His technique was meticulous and detailed, so that large works such as murals might take months to complete.
# Tich (dog)

Tich (1940–1959) was a military dog during the Second World War. She was awarded the Dickin Medal in 1949 for her actions during the war as a battalion mascot to the King's Royal Rifle Corps. After the war she lived with her battalion handler at his home in the UK. When she died she was buried in the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA)'s Ilford Animal Cemetery.

## Military service

During the fighting in the Western Desert Campaign in 1941, a small mongrel bitch was found by soldiers of the 1st Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps. Named "Tich" and nicknamed "The Desert Rat", she acted as a mascot to the Battalion. In 1943, the dog was passed to Rifleman Thomas Walker. The dog accompanied Walker whilst on the front line, riding usually on the bonnet of a Bren gun carrier or a jeep.
In 1944, she was smuggled aboard the ship which took the battalion to Italy and whilst on board had puppies. Walker was awarded the Military Medal for his work as a battlefield medic whilst under fire. On each occasion where he was in danger, Tich remained by his side. 1KRRC's commanding officer Lieutenant-Colonel E. A. W. Williams recommended Tich for the Dickin Medal stating, "Her courage and devotion to duty were of very real and considerable value and her courageous example materially helped many men to keep their heads and sense of proportion in times of extreme danger. The sight of her put heart in the men as she habitually rode on the bonnet of her master’s jeep and refused to leave her post even when bringing in wounded under heavy fire."
Her Dickin Medal was dated 1 July 1949, with it being awarded to her by Major Peter Earle, MC, on 3 September 1949 at Wembley in front of eight thousand people during the Animals' Rally. Her citation reads, "For loyalty, courage and devotion to duty under hazardous conditions of war 1941 to 1945, while serving with the 1st King's Rifle Corps in North Africa and Italy."
The Dickin Medal is often referred to as the animal equivalent of the Victoria Cross.

## Later life

Tich gave birth to fifteen puppies during her life, and lived after the war with Walker at his home in Newcastle, England. Together they took part in fundraising activities for the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals, the issuing body for the Dickin Medal. She died in 1959, and was buried at the PDSA's Ilford Animal Cemetery where several other Dickin Medal holders are interred. Her Dickin Medal was passed into the hands of the Royal Green Jackets (Rifles) Museum in Winchester.
# Margareta Niculescu

Margareta Niculescu (4 January 1926 – 19 August 2018) was a Romanian artist, puppeteer, director, teacher and theater director. She contributed to the renewal, since the 1950s, of the art of puppetry in Europe and the rest of the world. She was director of the Țăndărică Theatre in Bucharest. From 2000 until 2004 she was president of the International Puppetry Association in Charleville-Mezieres, in Ardennes, and co-founded with Jacques Felix, the National School of Puppetry Arts in that city. In 1978 she won the Erasmus Prize together with other noted puppeteers Yves Joly, Peter Schumann, and the Napoli brothers.

## Biography

Born in Iași, Kingdom of Romania, Niculescu discovered a puppetry troupe that considered its art theatrical and directed accordingly its projects. The puppet theater at that time was neither structured nor professionalized in Romania; instead small groups of artists drew their characters from folk tradition.
At the same era, the Romanian Communist Party took power and abolished the monarchy, proclaiming the People's Republic of Romania on December 30, 1947. The Party then created a new network of cultural institutions controlled by the state. As part of this effort, Niculescu was invited by the Romanian Ministry of Culture to help bring puppetry to a new level as national theater. In this new field Niculescu began studies at the Institute of Theatre and Film Arts (IATC), and then became director at the Țăndărică Theater of Bucharest. At that time she was 23 years old and remained in this position from 1949 to 1986. As director, she received the Erasmus Prize on behalf of the group in 1978, when it was recognized for being "a colourful and imaginative theatre that has had a fertile influence on post-war puppetry".
In 1985–1986, after 37 years as head of the Țăndărică Theater, Niculescu (with Jacques Felix) launched the International Institute of Puppetry in Ardennes. Three years later, again with Felix, she founded the National School of Puppetry in Charleville Mezieres, and then served as its director from 1987 to 1998.
Niculescu died on 19 August 2018 in Charleville-Mézières, France at the age of 92.

## Works

* Světové loutkářství : současné loutkové divadlo slovem i obrazem, 1966, in Czech.
* The puppet theatre of the modern world; an international presentation in word and picture, UNIMA, 1967, English and German.
* Puppentheater der Welt; zeitgenössisches Puppenspiel in Wort und Bild, UNIMA, 22 reprints 1965 – 1968 in Germany.
* Marionnettes du monde entier : théâtres de marionnettes contemporains, UNIMA, 1967, French.
* L'avant-garde et la marionnette, 1988, French.
* Die Avantgarde und das Figurentheater, 1993, in German.
* Marionnettes en territoire brésilien, Festival mondial des théâtres de marionnettes, 1994, in French.
* Passeurs et complices (Passing it on), Institut international de la marionnette, in French and English, 2009.
# Serafín Aedo

Serafín Aedo Renieblas, (11 November 1908 – 14 October 1988) was a Spanish international footballer from Baracaldo in the Basque Country who played professionally as a defender in Spain, Mexico and Argentina between 1930 and 1949.

## Career
### Club career

In 1930 Aedo joined his first club Union Sport de San Vicente, which played in the third tier of Biscayan football. In 1931 he moved to Baracaldo CF, and then in 1933 to Real Betis where he teamed up for the first time with fellow Basque Pedro Areso. The pair made a formidable defense, helping Betis win La Liga in the 1934-35 season.
It has been claimed that he joined FC Barcelona in 1936, and that due to the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War he was not able to play an official match for them. However others claim that he never signed for Barcelona and that he remained a player for Real Betis until the outbreak of the civil war. During the 1938-39 season he played for Club Deportivo Euzkadi in the Mexican league. In 1939 he joined Club España, also in Mexico, where he played until his retirement in 1949, except for one year he spent playing for River Plate in Argentina.
After retiring as a player he went on to work as a coach at Club España.

### International career

Aedo earned 4 caps for the Spanish national side in 1935 and 1936. From 1937 to 1939 he was part of the Basque Country national team which toured Europe and the Americas.

### Other work

On retiring from football he opened a shop in Mexico City selling photographic materials, before later becoming an insurance broker.

## Personal life

He married Miren Anúzita Zubizarreta and had three children, Miren, Jon Andoni and Angel.
His grandchild Jon Andoni Aedo Donohue played for the Mexico U-23 team in the Ponce 1993 Centro American games and won a silver medal.
# Burukutu

Burukutu is an alcoholic beverage, brewed from the grains of Guinea corn (Sorghum bicolor) and millet (Pennisetum glaucum). The alcoholic beverage is often produced in Tropical African countries such as Nigeria, Togo, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Burundi as one of the major traditional and local alcoholic drinks. It is commonly consumed in Northern Guinea savanna region of Nigeria, Ghana, Togo, and Republic of Benin.

## Production

Burukutu production has many processes depending on the African country in particular or the ethnic regions, but five basic stages have been known to be consistent all through. (Daniel, 2022). The five basic stages include: steeping, malting, mashing, fermentation, and maturation. The production begins by malting, which involves the conversion of the Guinea corn or millet grains into malt and this takes place on a malting floor. This process is followed by steeping, which involves the soaking of the grains in water for at least three days to allow the grain to absorb moisture and to begin to sprout. When the grain has absorbed enough moisture, it is transferred to the malting floor, where it is constantly turned over for around five days while it is air-dried. This procedure is followed by mashing in which the milled grain known as the "grain bill" (malted grain) is mixed with water known as "liquor" and heating the mixture. This process allows the enzymes in the grain bill to decompose the starch in the grain into sugars (maltose) to form a wort. The product is allowed to ferment using the sugar fungi form of yeast and allow maturation for 2 days or 48 hours.
In Nigeria, particularly in Kebbi state, Guinea corn is used in place of millet or sorghum in other places due to its sweeter taste and thicker consistency. Malting proceeds and the corn is grounded. The grounded corn is mixed with water and the solution homogenised. The solution is left to ferment for a day or two depending on how well organoleptic properties and fermentation process are considered. The fermented corn is cooked and drained into another bowl when cooled. Adjuncts like Garri can be added but part of another batch of the grounded corn called a greul is added to introduce wild strains from malted corn and give a consistent flavour. The gruel and cooked fermented corn are mixed together and boiled once more. Burukutu is cooled, the next day and served to customers. Overall, the process of Burukutu production takes a period of 7 days so local producers have a batch fermentation system to keep up with their growing consumers in the North (Daniel, 2022).

## Gallery

* Guinea corn grains before milling
* Milled Guinea corn after steeping
* 1 hour after mashing
* Fermentation process
# Tatono

José Antonio García Conesa (born 5 May 1940), known as Tatono, is a Spanish former footballer who played as a right back.
He made 163 La Liga appearances for Murcia and Valencia, winning the Copa del Generalísimo in 1967 and the league title in 1971 with the latter.

## Career

Born in Torre-Pacheco in the Region of Murcia, Tatono played for Cartagenera in the Tercera División in 1960–61. He then moved to nearby Real Murcia of the Segunda División, playing five years including two in La Liga. He scored one of his two top-flight goals on 1 March 1964, a long-range strike in the fourth minute of a 2–2 draw at home to Elche.
Tatono totalled 146 games for Valencia between 1965 and 1972. On 2 July 1967, he played the final of the Copa del Generalísimo, a 2–1 win over Atlético Bilbao in the Santiago Bernabeu Stadium. He scored his only goal for the Che on 22 September 1968, beginning a 4–1 win over Granada at the Mestalla Stadium.
On 28 June 1970, Tatono played a second cup final, a 3–1 loss to Real Madrid. He was part of the Valencia side that won the league title in 1970–71 under manager Alfredo Di Stéfano; the defence of Tatono, Juan Sol, Antón Martínez and Aníbal Pérez was known as the muralla blanca ("White Wall").
Having been injured in his final season, Tatono was released at the end of his contract in July 1972 and said that he felt physically sick at leaving Valencia after seven years. Remaining in the same city he joined third-tier Levante, experiencing promotion and relegation in his two seasons and finishing his career at Algemesí.