OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# French Somaliland

French Somaliland (French: Côte française des Somalis, lit. 'French Coast of the Somalis'; Somali: Xeebta Soomaaliyeed ee Faransiiska) was a French colony in the Horn of Africa. It existed between 1884 and 1967, at which became the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas. The Republic of Djibouti is its legal successor state.

## History

French Somaliland was formally established in 1896 when the ruler and elders of the Issa clan signed treaties with the French. On March 25, 1885, the French signed a treaty with the Gadabuursi, effectively making them a protectorate of France. On March 26, 1885, the French signed another treaty with the Issa making the latter a protectorate under the French. No money changed hands and the Somalis did not sign away any of their land rights; the agreement was meant to protect their land from outsiders with the help of the French. However, after the French sailors of the Le Pingouin vessel were mysteriously killed in Ambado in 1886, the French first blamed the British, then the Somalis, using the incident to lay claim to the entire southern territory.
The construction of the Imperial Ethiopian Railway west into Ethiopia turned the port of Djibouti into a boomtown of 15,000 at a time when Harar was the only city in Ethiopia with a greater population. Although the city's population fell after the completion of the line to Dire Dawa and the bankruptcy (and subsequent government bail-out) of the original company, the rail link allowed Djibouti to quickly overtake the caravan-based trade out of Zeila (then in British Somaliland) and become the premier port for coffee and other goods leaving southern Ethiopia and the Ogaden through Harar. Before the French aligned with the Issa, the Gadabuursi held the position of the first Senator of the country, and is the first Somali head of state to lead the territory compromising Djibouti today. Djama Ali Moussa, a former sailor, pursued his political aspirations and managed to become the first Somali democratically elected head of state in French Somaliland.
The railway continued operating after the Italian conquest of Ethiopia, but following the tumult of the Second World War, the area became a French overseas territory in 1946. In 1967, French Somaliland was renamed the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas and, in 1977, became the independent country of Djibouti.
# Apapa

Apapa is a Local Government Area in Lagos, Nigeria located to the west of Lagos Island. Apapa contains a number of ports and terminals operated by the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA), including the major port of Lagos State and Lagos Port Complex (LPC).Federal Government
In its legislation, the NPA itself does not refer to any port called "Port of Apapa", rather it refers to the "Port of Lagos", "Port of Port Harcourt" and "Port of Calabar".

## Overview

The region of Apapa lies near the mouth of Lagos lagoon, and contains ports and terminals for various commodities such as containers and bulk cargo, houses, offices and a small old disused railway station (Apapa North). It is the site of a major container terminal which was owned and operated by the Federal Government of Nigeria until March 2005, and now is operated by the Danish firm A. P. Moller-Maersk Group. Adjacent to the container port is the Tin Can Island Port, which has ro-ro facilities.
It also houses some refineries like the Bua Group. It also has commercial offices of many shipping, clearing and transportation companies. Other notable buildings include the Folawiyo Towers. Apapa houses the headquarters of the Nigerian newspaper Thisday.

## History

An important bronze hoard of jewellery dating from the 16th Century was found in Apapa in 1907 and is now kept at the British Museum.
In 1950, the development of an industrial and housing estate covering 1000 acres began. The estate was completed in 1957/1958 and it flourished along with the expansion of the Apapa Wharf. The estate once accounted for a large number of industrial and construction workers in Lagos.

## Government and infrastructure

Prisons of the Nigerian Prisons Service include:
* Kirikiri Maximum Security Prison

## Housing, education and social facilities

The district provides housing for various levels of housing needs from executive requirements to average families including single occupation and multiple storied accommodation. There are several schools. The German School Lagos was formerly located in Apapa.
Social and recreational facilities are provided by private and public organizations including a boat club located on Apapa Creek.

## Transportation

Apapa contains a number of ports and terminals operated by the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA), including the major port of Lagos State and Lagos Port Complex (LPC).Federal Government
# Hussigny-Godbrange

Hussigny-Godbrange (French pronunciation:; Luxembourgish: Héiséng-Gueberéng; German: Hussingen-Godbringen) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France. It lies near the border with Luxembourg.
Hussigny-Godbrange is a historic center of Italian immigration in France. Therefore, it was called "Little Italy."
# Folkerts SK-2

The Folkerts SK-2, also known as Speed King Two, "Toots" and "Miss Detroit" was a racer built for the 1936 National Air Races.

## Design and development

Clayton Folkerts designed his second racer, the SK-2 Toots after leaving the Mono-Aircraft Company, and Waco. It was commissioned by TWA pilot Harold Neumann in 1936.
The aircraft was a mid-winged conventional geared aircraft with crank activated retractable landing gear and trailing edge flaps. The fuselage was built of welded steel tube with aircraft fabric covering and the wings were made with spruce spars and plywood covering. The Menasco C-4S engine featured a one-foot propeller extension to allow a more streamlined cowling.

## Operational history

In the 1936 National Air Races, Harold Neumann won three firsts, two seconds, and placed fourth in the Thompson Trophy race. Steve Wittman survived a flight in the SK-2 with a ruptured gas tank that leaked into the cockpit. In St. Louis, pilot Roger Don Rae landed gear up, badly damaging the aircraft.
At the 1937 National Air Races, the aircraft was renamed "Miss Detroit" and pilot Roger Don Rae placed three seconds and one fourth place.
In the 1938 Oakland Air Races, the rear fuselage was metalized. Pilot Gus Gotch was chosen as pilot; he entered a spin on a pylon turn and was killed when the aircraft struck the bay. The cause was undetermined, but fellow racing pilots blamed the heavy locking mechanism for the landing gear as a contributing distraction in high-speed low level flight.

## Variants

The Folkerts SK-3 has a nearly identical design, except for a longer nose for a Menasco C-6S-4 engine.

## Specifications (Folkerts SK-1)

Data from Sport Aviation.
General characteristics
* Capacity: 1
* Length: 19 ft 6 in (5.94 m)
* Wingspan: 16 ft (4.9 m)
* Height: 5 ft 3 in (1.60 m)
* Wing area: 50 sq ft (4.6 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 700 lb (318 kg)
* Gross weight: 1,000 lb (454 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Menasco C4S 363 cubic inch, inline, supercharged four cylinder aircraft engine, 185 hp (138 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed Fahlin (wooden)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 202 kn (233 mph, 375 km/h)
# Jenynsia multidentata

Jenynsia multidentata is a species of killifish from the family Anablepidae. It is a viviparous, benthopelagic species in the genus Jenynsia. They are onesided livebearers with a clear asymmetry of the males' genitalia. With onset of maturity, the anal fin of male fish develops into a gonopodium which can be brought forward on one side only. Based on the bending to the left or to the right of the tip of the gonopodium, two morphs of male fish can be distinguished.

## Taxonomy

The species Jenynsia multidentata was originally described in 1842 as Lebias multidentata by the naturalist Leonard Jenyns. Accepted synonyms are Fitzroyia multidentata also described by Jenyns in 1842 and Poecilia punctata which was suggested by Valenciennes in 1846.

## Geographical distribution

Jenynsia multidentata is the most widespread species of the genus Jenynsia. The distribution is ranging from the Atlantic coastal drainages from the Rio Negro Province (Argentina) to the city of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).

## Diet

Jenynsia multidentata is an omnivorous-planktivorous fish which often occurs in high densities in (hyper)eutrophic shallow lakes and can feed on zooplankton, phytoplankton, periphyton, invertebrates as well as detritus.
# Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick

Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick (22 February 1852 – 11 February 1937) was a German ophthalmologist who invented the contact lens. He was the nephew of the German physiologist Adolf Eugen Fick, and the son of the German anatomy professor Franz Ludwig Fick.
When Fick was three years old, his mother died, and when he was six, his father, anatomy professor Ludwig Fick, died. Soon afterwards, he was raised in Adolf Fick's family. Adolf Fick was his uncle, godfather, and a famous physiologist, and influenced his nephew's studies in ophthalmology.
The younger Fick studied medicine in Würzburg, Zürich, Marburg, and Freiburg. In 1884, Fick traveled to Germany to marry Marie, the daughter of Johannes Wislicenus; he later had eight children with her.
In 1888, he constructed and fitted what was to be considered the first successful model of a contact lens: an afocal scleral contact shell made from heavy brown glass, which he tested first on rabbits, then on himself, and lastly on a small group of volunteers. It was considered the first successful model of a contact lens. His idea was advanced independently by several innovators in the years that followed.
During World War I, Fick headed field hospitals in France, Russia and Turkey. At the same time he continued working on ophthalmologic anatomy and optics.
# Flyssa

The flyssa, known locally as ajenoui (Kabyle: ajenoui or uturam), is a traditional edged weapon of Algeria produced and used during the 19th century and earlier. It originates from the Kabyle Iflissen Lebhar tribal confederacy.

## Characteristics

These weapons have blades of various sizes from 12 to 38 inches (30 to 97 cm), and can be classed as varying between long knives and full-sized swords. Whatever their size, flyssas are characterized by narrow, straight-backed, single-edged blades, which come to an acute point. The blades of sword-sized flyssas often widen gradually around the point of percussion, which enhances their cutting ability. The blades are often decorated with chiselled patterns, which are sometimes inlaid.
The hilt has no guard and the junction between blade and hilt is made by a metal bolster. The distal part of the hilt is almost always of wood covered with brass, usually decorated with repoussé and chasing, and has a characteristic downturned projection forming the snout of a stylised animal head at the 'pommel' end (though the pommel and grip are made in a single piece - the identity of the animal is unknown, with dog, camel and chimaera all being suggested).

## Name

The blade's name (Flyssa) was given by the French based on the name of the tribe which it originated from (Iflissen). In pre-colonial times, the sword was called "Ajenouii" which means 'knife' in The Berber Kabyle Dialect also a word derived from the name of the city of Genoa. The term uturam is also used and is said to be derived from word "yatagan".
# Gylfilites' Guild

The Gylfilites' Guild (German: Gylfiliten-Gilde), also known by the adherents' or movement's names the Gylfilites or Gylfilitism, is a Germanic Heathen sect of Ariosophical-Armanic orientation based in Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, which gathered public attention in 1976. The sect published the magazine named Odrörir, the name of the mead of poetry. Since the 1990s the group has gone underground.

## History

The Gylfilites were founded in 1976 by Wolfgang Kantelberg, titled Brother Wali (Bruder Wali), as a splinter group of the larger Germanic organisation Goden. Kantelberg was in the years 1960s a member of the National Democratic Party of Germany, which he later abandoned for instead joining the Volkssozialistische Bewegung Deutschlands/Partei der Arbeit. For the Gylfilite group, Kantelberg developed a secret language based on ancient forms of German speech naming it Diutisk (actually an ancient form of Deutsch, "Teutonic").

## Features

The Gylfilites are named after the mythical Scandinavian king Gylfi and describe themselves as a religious organisation aligned "according to the teachings of the Eddas". It is a Germanic Neopagan group with Blood and Soil and National Socialist ideas. Adolf Hitler is revered as a saint who prevented a communist world dictatorship, and together with Arminius and the namesake Gylfi he is considered a battle-slain in Valhalla. The community holds an idea of the German people similar to that of nationalist organisations pre-dating 1933. The Judeo-Christian tradition with its monotheism and its egalitarianism is categorically rejected.

## Classification

Stefan von Hoyningen-Huene categorises Gylfilitism as a movement influenced by the völkisch movement, Ariosophy and the Deutschglaube (German ethnic religion), combining Germanic beliefs such as the Ragnarök with Buddhist elements. Hugo Stamm assigns Gylfilitism to the neopagan religious milieu.
# Rykaczewo, Podlaskie Voivodeship

Rykaczewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Korycin, within Sokółka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.
# Cedric Gates

Cedric Solosolo Asuega Gates is a Democratic member of the Hawaii House of Representatives, representing District 45. He was first elected to the chamber in 2016.

## Early life and education

Gates is of African-American and American Samoan descent. His mother, Easter Asuega Gates, died in 2006, and his father, William Gates, died in 2014. According to members of his family, he is the great-grandson of Solosolo Mauga Asuega, who was High Chief of Pago Pago.
Gates attended Waianae High School, and later enrolled at Leeward Community College. In 2013, he was honored by Governor Neil Abercrombie as an Outstanding Advocate for Children and Youth.

## Political career

In 2014, Gates ran as a Green Party candidate in District 44, losing to Jo Jordan. In 2016, Gates ran against Jordan, this time in the Democratic primary. Gates' 2016 candidacy was controversial, as his 2014 candidacy as a Green Party candidate was supposed to have barred his nomination as a Democrat under Democratic Party of Hawaii rules.
Nevertheless, Gates defeated incumbent Jo Jordan in the District 44 Democratic primary, and went on to defeat Marc Pa'aluhi in the general election. During the 2016 campaign, his campaign posters were vandalized with a racial slur. Upon taking office at age 23, he became the youngest member of the state legislature. After completing his first term in office, Gates was reelected in 2018 and 2020.
In 2024, Gates ran for District 44 in the Hawaii State Senate and was defeated 44.3% to 53.1% by Samantha DeCorte.
# Jennifer Wen

Jennifer X. Wen is professor in energy resilience at the University of Surrey, England. She was previously professor of engineering at the University of Warwick, England, where she led "Warwick FIRE", a "multidisciplinary research laboratory for both fundamental and applied research in fire, explosions and other safety related reactive and non-reactive flows".
She is vice-chair of the International Association for Fire Safety Science.

## Education

Wen has a B.Eng. (1984) from Shanghai Jiao Tong University; a Ph.D. (1990) in heat transfer from Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London; a Certificate in Management Studies (1993) from Oxford Brookes University; and a Postgraduate Certificate in Higher Education (1994) from London South Bank University.
She is a Fellow of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and in 2024 she was elected a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering
# Joppécourt

Joppécourt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.
# Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste

45°11′24″N 0°46′09″W﻿ / ﻿45.19007°N 0.76910°W﻿ / 45.19007; -0.76910
Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste is a winery in the Pauillac appellation of the Bordeaux region of France. Chateau Grand-Puy-Lacoste is also the name of the red wine produced by this property. The wine produced here was classified as one of eighteen Cinquièmes Crus (Fifth Growths) in the Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855.

## Name

This winery shares a part of its name with Château Grand-Puy-Ducasse. Grand Puy is the name of a low gravelly hill which used to be owned in its entirety by the same estate. Parts of the vineyards on this hill were sold in 1750 to a man by the name Pierre Ducasse. The estate containing the remaining vineyards, the present day Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste, has been known under several names which have changed when daughters of the owning family have married. It was known as Saint-Guiron in the mid-19th century after a marriage to a monsieur de Saint-Guiron, and acquired its present name one generation later when a daughter married a man by the name François Lacoste.

## Vineyard

Situated a few kilometers from the town of Pauillac, the vineyards of Chateau Grand-Puy-Lacoste total roughly 36 hectares (90 acres) with Cabernet Sauvignon making up 75% of the total plantings and the rest belonging to Merlot (20%) and Cabernet Franc (5%). Typical of the region, the vineyard consists of a deep gravel top soil on a limestone base.

## Wine

Chateau Grand-Puy-Lacoste produces about 12,000 cases of wine in an average year. Fermentation takes place in temperature controlled stainless steel tanks, and then the wines are placed into oak barrels (50% new) for 18 months of aging.
# Ding Dong, Texas

Ding Dong is an unincorporated community in Central Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, it had a population of 22 in 2000. It is located within the Killeen–Temple metropolitan area.

## History

In the early 1930s, a man named Zulis Bell and his nephew Bert Bell operated a country store along the Lampasas River in central Texas in an area that was known as McBryde Crossing. They hired the artist C.C. Hoover to make a sign for it. The finished sign had two bells on it with the name Zulis in one and Bert in the other. The bells were reported to have been requested by Dallas newspaper columnist Frank X. Tolbert. The bells, weighing 200 lbs., were brought to the community via the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway in 1962. and were given to the "mayor" of the community, Charlie Hold, by two of the railroad's vice presidents. Hold took over the Bells' store in 1950. In addition to the bells, Hoover lettered the words, Ding Dong. As the community grew around the country store, it took on the name 'Ding Dong'.
It is said that the community first came to the country's attention from Ripley's Believe It or Not! when travel writer Bill Bryson mentioned it in his book, Made in America and Gary Gladstone mentioned it in Passing Gas: And Other Towns Along The American Highway with a photograph of carpet salesman and fire chief Harold Rowe posing in front of his fire truck. This community has frequently been noted on lists of unusual place names.
The Killeen Lions Club International tried to secure Ding Dong as the site of the district convention in 1964.
The community had a church and several scattered homes in 1979 and 22 residents from 1990 through 2000. According to google maps, the town also now contains a Dollar General.

## Geography

Ding Dong is situated on Texas State Highway 195 along the Lampasas River, 8 mi (13 km) south of Killeen in southwestern Bell County. It is also located 20 mi (32 km) west of Salado via Farm to Market Road 2484, as well as 58 mi (93 km) north of Austin, the state capital.

## Education

Ding Dong is served by the Killeen Independent School District.

## Notable person

* Sons of the Pioneers fiddler Hugh Farr was born in Ding Dong.
# Blackboard: African American Bestsellers

BlackBoard: African American Bestsellers is an organization that promotes bestselling titles written by and about African Americans. The BlackBoard Bestsellers List was started in August 1991 by Faye Childs and Debbie Wade. The list appears monthly and is syndicated in newspapers. BlackBoard gathers bestseller information from African American bookstores. Each year, the organization announces a list of "Books of The Year," which features both fiction and nonfiction titles.

## History

After receiving rejections from literary agents for her own novel manuscript, told on some occasions "that there was no market for her story because African-Americans don't read," Faye Childs began the work of proving these agents wrong. Childs sought to "find out why so few African-American authors - other than Toni Morrison, Alice Walker and Alex Haley - ever appeared on the New York Times Bestseller List." After two years of research on the buying habits of Black readers, Childs founded BlackBoard with friend and business partner, Debbie Wade. BlackBoard as a platform aims to support Black writers, booksellers, and publishers, with the key mission to "stop the cyclical disappearance of books by or about people of African descent." Since the inception of BlackBoard in 1991, Faye Childs has come to be recognized as an "[i]ndustry expert" on the publishing market of titles authored by Black writers.
As a newspaper-syndicated list, BlackBoard has appeared in numerous newspapers and magazines, regularly featured by Essence magazine and the American Booksellers Association (ABA). The American Booksellers Association first ran the list in fall of 1991 in Bookselling This Week. Essence published the BlackBoard Bestsellers List regularly from 1992–2000, after which the magazine published its own bestsellers list. In 2001, at BookExpo America, Childs launched "the new incarnation" of the Bestsellers List in the form of "a four-page, biweekly standalone news publication," the BlackBoard Biweekly.

## Methodology

BlackBoard determines their bestsellers list by collecting data from Black booksellers and, more recently, public polling. With these data, BlackBoard generates a list of the top ten fiction and top ten nonfiction bestselling titles. Bestsellers are also delineated between hardcover and paperback publication.
Since the List's inception in 1991, technological advancements have allowed BlackBoard to utilize social media networks and online platforms for gathering the poll data used to generate the bestseller lists. In addition to a targeted email campaign, BlackBoard's website features a live, interactive "Best Seller Ballot" where visitors to the site can choose the ten titles they would like to see in BlackBoard's top 20. The ballot includes a mix of both fiction and nonfiction titles.
# Weldon Olson

Weldon Howard "Weldy" Olson (November 12, 1932 – May 13, 2023) was an American ice hockey player. He won a silver medal at the 1956 Winter Olympics and a gold medal at the 1960 Winter Olympics. In his Olympic career, he played in 14 games and scored 7 goals.
Olson played hockey for the Michigan State Spartans from 1951 to 1955. He was the team MVP, co-captain, and leading scorer. He played in 71 games and scored 125 points. He never missed a game at MSU.
Olson was a member of the MSU Hall of Fame, the U.P. Sports Hall of Fame, the Michigan Amateur Sports Hall of Fame, the Hancock County, Ohio, Sports Hall of Fame, Findlay Amateur Hockey Association Hall of Fame, the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame, the US Hockey Hall of Fame, and in 2002 he received the Lester Patrick Award from the NHL for outstanding service to hockey in the United States.
Olson resided in Findlay, Ohio. He died there on May 13, 2023, at the age of 90.
# Emil Lőrincz

Emil Lőrincz (born 29 September 1965) is a retired Hungarian football defender.