OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adam's Curse

Adam's Curse: A Future Without Men (also known as Adam's Curse: A Story of Sex, Genetics, and the Extinction of Men) is a 2003 book by Oxford University human genetics professor Bryan Sykes expounding his hypothesis that with the declining sperm count in men and the continual atrophy of the Y chromosome, within 5,000 generations (approximately 125,000 years) men shall become extinct.
Sykes thinks one of the options for humanity's survival is unisex reproduction by females: female eggs fertilised by the nuclear X chromosomes of another female and implanted using in vitro fertilisation methods. He also introduces the possibility of moving the SRY and associated genes responsible for maleness and male fertility to another chromosome, which he refers to as "the Adonis chromosome", engendering fertile males with an XX karyotype.
BBC News reported in 2012 that a US study in Nature suggests the genetic decay has all but ended and that "The conclusion from these comparative studies is that genetic decay has in recent history been minimal, with the human chromosome having lost no further genes in the last six million years, and only one in the last 25 million years."
# Adolf VII of Berg

Adolf VII of Berg (also referred to as Adolf IV, especially in the Netherlands and in Germany) (c. 1220 – 22 April 1259) was the eldest son of Henry IV, Duke of Limburg and Irmgard of Berg.
In 1247, Adolf succeeded his father as Count of Berg while his brother Waleran succeeded as Duke of Limburg. Adolf stood with his brother-in-law, Conrad of Hochstaden, Archbishop of Cologne, in the anti-Hohenstaufen camp, supporting King William II of Holland and received significant Imperial fiefs, including Kaiserswerth, Remagen, Rath, Mettmann and the Duisberg district of the national forest.
In 1234, Adolf participated in the Crusade against the Stedinger. In 1255, he laid the foundation of the gothic Cathedral the Altenberger Dom in Altenberg along with his brother Waleran. He died on 22 April 1259 as a result of wounds received during a tournament at Neuss.

## Family and children

He married Margaret of Hochstaden, daughter of Lothar I, Count of Hochstaden. She died on 30 January 1314, aged more than 100 years. Adolf and Margaret had the following children:
* Adolf (c. 1240–1296)
* William (c. 1242–1308)
* Henry (bef. 1247–1290/96)
* Engelbert, Provost of St. Cunibert, Cologne
* Walram, Provost of St. Maria, Cologne
* Conrad (died 25 May 1313), Provost of Cologne Cathedral, Bishop of Münster (1306–1310)
* Irmgard (c. 1256–1294), married Eberhard II, Count of the Mark
# USS LST-450

USS LST/LST(H)-450 was an LST-1-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy during World War II.

## Construction

LST-450 was laid down on 10 July 1942, under Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 970, by Kaiser Shipyards, Vancouver, Washington; launched on 4 October 1942; and commissioned on 6 January 1943.

## Service history

During World War II, LST-450 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater and participated in the following operations: the capture and occupation of Saipan in June and July 1944; the capture and occupation of Tinian in July 1944; and the assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto April 1945.

## Post-war service

Following the war, LST-450 was redesignated LST(H)-450 on 15 September 1945. She performed occupation duty in the Far East until early December 1945. Upon her return to the United States, she was decommissioned on 8 April 1946, and struck from the Navy list on 17 April that same year. On 16 April 1948, the ship was sold to the Bethlehem Steel Co., of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and subsequently scrapped.

## Awards

LST-450 earned three battle stars for World War II service.
# Floriano, Piauí

Floriano (locally) is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Piauí. It was founded by the Arabs and Syrians. It is situated in the physiographic zone of the Médio Parnaíba, on the right side of the Parnaíba River, in front of the city of Barão de Grajaú, in the Maranhão. It is also intersected by the rivers Gurguéia and Itaueira.

## Generalities
### Vegetation

Cerrado is the region's predominant vegetation, however there are places where there is a blend of caatinga as well. Regarding the agriculture, the highlights are the castanha de caju and the mandioca.

### Climate

Because of its location in the state's interior region, Floriano shows a semi-arid tropical climate. The temperature stays between 29°C and 37°C and rainfall is scarcer than the northern region of the state - with a dry period that lasts six months. Rain is most predominant between the months of November and April.

### Hidrography

The Parnaíba River is the main body of water in Floriano, separating it from its neighbor city Barão de Grajaú, in the state of Maranhão. Because of that, it's the second fluvial port in Piauí.

## Climate

Climate data for Floriano (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.7 (90.9) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.3 (90.1) | 32.7 (90.9) | 33.5 (92.3) | 34.2 (93.6) | 34.9 (94.8) | 36.3 (97.3) | 37.6 (99.7) | 37.7 (99.9) | 35.7 (96.3) | 34.1 (93.4) | 34.5 (94.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.8 (73.0) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.8 (73.0) | 22.8 (73.0) | 22.4 (72.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 22.1 (71.8) | 23.3 (73.9) | 24.6 (76.3) | 25.1 (77.2) | 24.3 (75.7) | 23.5 (74.3) | 23.2 (73.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 187.0 (7.36) | 164.0 (6.46) | 183.3 (7.22) | 127.9 (5.04) | 51.9 (2.04) | 6.1 (0.24) | 4.3 (0.17) | 0.5 (0.02) | 11.9 (0.47) | 49.0 (1.93) | 77.4 (3.05) | 119.1 (4.69) | 982.4 (38.68) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 13 | 13 | 14 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 77 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 77.9 | 80.3 | 81.6 | 78.8 | 70.6 | 59.0 | 48.9 | 42.6 | 40.3 | 46.4 | 60.2 | 69.1 | 63.0 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 163.6 | 150.8 | 170.1 | 201.9 | 249.8 | 271.9 | 295.6 | 318.1 | 297.6 | 277.7 | 219.1 | 198.9 | 2,815.1 |
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia ||||||||||||||
# SBC Telecom

SBC Telecom, Inc. d/b/a AT&T Small Business is a CLEC owned by AT&T that offers local telephone service outside the AT&T Bell Operating Company regions. It was formed in 1999 following provisions that required SBC Communications to offer telephone service outside its boundaries in order to get approval to merge with Ameritech.
SBC Telecom is a separate company from Southwestern Bell Telecom, Inc., which was formed in 1984 as a separate subsidiary from Southwestern Bell to sell telephone equipment.
# The Red Pillar

The Red Pillar is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located 33 km (21 mi) southwest of Courtenay and 17 km (11 mi) south of Mount Albert Edward.
The Red Pillar is a member of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.

## History

The Red Pillar's name is descriptive, according to the BC Geographical Names Information System:
   The mountain was climbed in 1931 by local climbers Geoff Capes and Jack Gregson; they left a note in a cairn at the summit naming it "The Pillar". (Ruth Masters, Comox & District Mountaineering Club)
   "...the highest peak in the glacier region, which was first climbed on August 1, 1931. The party of which I was one, did not wish to call the peak after one of our number so left the request in the cairn we erected that is should be called "The Pillar." There are many other Pillars so may I suggest that it be called The Red Pillar as it is of distinctly reddish rock." (July 1935 letter from Ben Hughes, publisher, Comox Argus)

## Access

The easiest access to The Red Pillar is from the south, via the Ash River Trail. The trail starts at the north-west end of Oshinow Lake. There are two ways to reach the trail head:
* Paddle the length of Oshinow Lake starting from the launch at the south-east end.
* Hike the overgrown and washed-out logging branch, 110H, along the east side of Oshinow Lake.
Alternatively, The Red Pillar can be accessed by from the Comox Glacier by traversing over, or going around, Argus Mountain.
# 1974 ABC Championship for Women

The 1974 Asian Basketball Confederation Championship for Women were held in Seoul, South Korea.

## Preliminary round
### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| South Korea | 3 | 3 | 0 | 352 | 94 | +258 | 6 |
| Iran | 3 | 2 | 1 | 192 | 201 | −9 | 5 |
| Hong Kong | 3 | 1 | 2 | 156 | 278 | −122 | 4 |
| South Vietnam | 3 | 0 | 3 | 125 | 252 | −127 | 3 |
| South Korea | 141–45 | Hong Kong |
| Scoring by half: 70–16, 71–29 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| Iran | 82–49 | South Vietnam |
| Scoring by half: 51–27, 31–22 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| South Vietnam | 18–103 | South Korea |
| Scoring by half: 6–59, 12–44 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| Hong Kong | 44–79 | Iran |
| Scoring by half: 18–39, 26–40 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| Iran | 31–108 | South Korea |
| Scoring by half: 15–60, 16–48 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| South Vietnam | 58–67 | Hong Kong |
| Scoring by half: 35–28, 23–39 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul

### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| Japan | 2 | 2 | 0 | 211 | 76 | +135 | 4 |
| Taiwan | 2 | 1 | 1 | 181 | 118 | +63 | 3 |
| Khmer Republic | 2 | 0 | 2 | 54 | 252 | −198 | 2 |
| Taiwan | 119–40 | Khmer Republic |
| Scoring by half: 59–14, 60–26 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| Japan | 78–62 | Taiwan |
| Scoring by half: 36–36, 42–26 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| Khmer Republic | 14–133 | Japan |
| Scoring by half: 10–69, 4–64 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul

## Final round
### Classification 5th–7th

| Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| Hong Kong | 2 | 2 | 0 | 116 | 101 | +15 | 4 |
| Khmer Republic | 2 | 1 | 1 | 118 | 108 | +10 | 3 |
| South Vietnam | 2 | 0 | 2 | 109 | 134 | −25 | 2 |
| Hong Kong | 52–48 | Khmer Republic |
| Scoring by half: 31–21, 21–27 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| South Vietnam | 53–64 | Hong Kong |
| Scoring by half: 20–18, 33–46 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| Khmer Republic | 70–56 | South Vietnam |
| Scoring by half: 36–26, 34–30 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul

### Championship

| Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| South Korea | 3 | 3 | 0 | 225 | 172 | +53 | 6 |
| Japan | 3 | 2 | 1 | 277 | 178 | +99 | 5 |
| Taiwan | 3 | 1 | 2 | 223 | 220 | +3 | 4 |
| Iran | 3 | 0 | 3 | 111 | 266 | −155 | 3 |
| Japan | 108–29 | Iran |
| Scoring by half: 57–21, 51–8 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| South Korea | 74–67 | Taiwan |
| Scoring by half: 35–29, 39–38 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| South Korea | 75–35 | Iran |
| Scoring by half: 48–19, 27–16 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| Japan | 99–73 | Taiwan |
| Scoring by half: 44–43, 55–30 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| Taiwan | 83–47 | Iran |
| Scoring by half: 46–19, 37–28 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul
| South Korea | 76–70 | Japan |
| Scoring by half: 37–39, 39–31 |||
* Jangchung Gymnasium, Seoul

## Final standing

* Qualified for the 1975 FIBA World Championship for Women
| Rank | Team | Record |
| | South Korea | 6–0 |
| | Japan | 4–1 |
| | Taiwan | 2–3 |
| 4 | Iran | 2–4 |
| 5 | Hong Kong | 3–2 |
| 6 | Khmer Republic | 1–3 |
| 7 | South Vietnam | 0–5 |

## Awards

* 1974 Asian champions
* South Korea Fourth title
# Lohardaga

Lohardaga is a town and the district headquarters of Lohardaga district in the Indian state of Jharkhand, west of Ranchi, the state capital. Earlier (early 1900s) Lohardaga was the commissionary headquarters for Chotanagpur. It was only later that the commissionary of Chotanagpur was shifted to Ranchi. The commissioner's office still exists and it houses the Lohardaga Municipality office.

## Geography
### Location

Lohardaga is located at 23°26′N 84°41′E﻿ / ﻿23.43°N 84.68°E﻿ / 23.43; 84.68. It has an average elevation of 647 metres (2122 feet).

## Economy

Lohardaga is known as the land of bauxite mines. Multiple organizations, especially Hindalco, operate bauxite mines near Lohardaga. Bauxite extracted from the mines around Lohardaga are sent to alumina refineries across various states of India.

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Lohardaga had a population of 57,411. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Lohardaga has an average literacy rate of 85.37%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 89.80%, and female literacy is 80.75%. In Lohardaga, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Politics

| District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Party | Alliance | Alliance | Remarks |
| Lohardaga | 72 | Lohardaga | Rameshwar Oraon | | Indian National Congress | | MGB | |
# José Antonio Santamaría

José Antonio Santamaría Vaqueriza (16 March 1946 – 19 January 1993) was a Spanish footballer. After retiring from football he had a career as an entrepreneur in the hospitality sector. He was murdered in a terrorist attack at the age of 46.

## Playing career

During his career as a professional, he played for SD Eibar (1963 to 1964), San Sebastián – reserve team of Real Sociedad – (1964 to 1967), the aforementioned club's first team (1967 to 1971), Hércules CF (1971 to 1974) and finished his career at CE Sabadell FC (1974 to 1975).

### International

Santamaría played for his country at the under-23 level and was shortlisted to play for the senior team on several occasions.

## After football

After retiring from football, Santamaría with other partners opened a nightclub in San Sebastián called the Ku Nightclub. This club was a great success and would become one of the hottest spots in town. In 1978, along with two other partners, he expanded the Ku franchise to the island of Ibiza, acquiring and expanding existing premises that would become known as Ku club Ibiza (Now Privilege Ibiza). During the 1980s, the open-air Ku Club Ibiza became one of the most famous and fashionable 'super clubs'in the world, even being included in the Guinness Book of Records. Santamaría had among his personal friends personalities such as the film director Roman Polanski, who at that time had a house in Ibiza.
He was killed in an attack committed by ETA in 1993.
# Cond Peak

Cond Peak is a mountain summit located in the Columbia Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. The mountain was named for Lieutenant Frederick Thomas Piercy Cond, who served in the Royal Naval Reserve during World War I.
# Martín Alfonso de León

Martín Alfonso de León (c. 1220 – before April 1272) was an illegitimate son of Alfonso IX of León by Teresa Gil de Soverosa, a Portuguese noblewoman, daughter of Gil Vasques de Soverosa and María Aires de Fornelos, also mistress of King Sancho I of Portugal with whom she had a son and daughter.

## Life

The relationship between King Alfonso IX and Teresa began in 1218 and lasted until the king's death. They had one son, Martín, and three daughters, Sancha, María and Urraca, all born between 1218 and 1230, the year of Alfonso's death.
One of his first appearances in contemporary documentation was on 13 January 1243 at the Monastery of Santiago de Ermelo, in Bueu, Galicia, when he and his mother Taresia Egidii sold some property to a Martín Fernández and his wife. He and his wife María Méndez are recorded often in the cartulary of the Monastery of Sancti Spíritus in Salamanca which they founded in March 1268 with the support of Paio Peres Correia, Grand Master of the Order of Santiago, one of the few monasteries of the order reserved solely for women. They made many donations for its founding, including lands in Galicia, León, and Portugal, requesting to be buried there.
Martín appears for the last time in the documentation of this monastery on 3 November 1269. On 17 April 1272, María made another donation stating that she was a widow. On 27 May 1273, King Alfonso X of Castile confirmed to the municipality of Sancti-Spíritus all the fueros as a favor to the monastery that, as he mentions, María Méndez had built in Salamanca and where Martín Alfonso, "son of the King of León" was buried. María is mentioned for the last time in June 1279 when King Alfonso X, at her behest, exempted the inhabitants of the town and the monastery from payment of several taxes, also allowing the nuns who entered the monastery to bring their properties, under certain conditions.

## Marriage

Martín Alfonso only had one wife, María Méndes, daughter of Mem Gonçalves de Sousa (Menendo González de Sousa in Spanish) and Teresa Alfonso de Meneses, with whom he had no issue.
Francisco de Rades y Andrada, a Spanish 16th-century historian, misinterpreted Pedro Afonso, Count of Barcelos who had written that Martín Alfonso's grandfather, Gil Vasques de Soverosa had married three times: firstly with María Aires de Fornelos; secondly with Sancha González de Orbaneja; and, for the third time to María González Girón, having issue with all three wives. Rades y Andrada, erroneously, attributed the second and third wives to Gil Vasques de Soverosa's grandson, Martín, that is, he married the grandson to two of the grandfather's wives. A later genealogist, Ulloa Golfín, invented a son for Martín Alfonso and his supposed wife, María González Girón, known by the name of Gil Alfonso de León who never existed, either as a son of Gil Vázquez or of his grandson Martín, and who is claimed to be an ancestor of the Mogollón family of Extremadura.
# In These Times (Makaya McCraven album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AnyDecentMusic? | 7.9/10 |
| Metacritic | 87/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Clash | 8/10 |
| Exclaim! | 9/10 |
| The Line of Best Fit | 8/10 |
| Pitchfork | 8/10 |
| Sputnikmusic | 4.1/5 |
In These Times is the sixth studio album by American musician Makaya McCraven. It was released on September 23, 2022, by International Anthem Recording Company, Nonesuch Records and XL Recordings. The release features collaborations with Jeff Parker, Brandee Younger, Macie Stewart, Junius Paul, Marta Sofia Honer and Lia Kohl.

## Production

The album tracks were completed over a period of seven years, and constructed in five different studios and four live performance spaces.

## Background

On June 23, 2022, Makaya McCraven announced the release of the new album. The first single "Seventh String" was released alongside the announcement.
The second single "Dream Another" was released on July 19, 2022. The music video for the single, which is directed by Nik Arthur, features photographic animations in the style of a zoopraxiscope.
McCraven released the third single "The Fours" on September 13, 2022.

## Critical reception

In These Times was met with "universal acclaim" reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, this release received an average score of 87, based on 11 reviews. Aggregator AnyDecentMusic? gave the release a 7.9 out of 10 based on a critical consensus of 7 reviews.
Thom Jurek of AllMusic described the album as its "own jazz labyrinth, and as such is destined for repeated listening and startling discovery." At Clash, Robin Murray wrote: "A challenging yet continually beautiful project, In These Times contains a terrific sense of unity, one that belies the lengthy manner of its gestation."
Stereogum made the album as their "Album of the Week" on September 20, 2022.

### Accolades

Publications' year-end list appearances for In These Times :
| Critic/Publication | List | Rank |
| Loud and Quiet | Loud and Quiet's Top 40 Albums of 2022 | 14 |
| Norman Records | Norman Records' Top 50 Albums of 2022 | 12 |
| NPR Music | NPR Music's Top 50 Albums of 2022 | 7 |
| Passion of the Weiss | Passion of the Weiss' Top 50 Albums of 2022 | 3 |
| Stereogum | Stereogum's Top 50 Albums of 2022 | 37 |
| Stereogum | Stereogum's Top 10 Jazz Albums of 2022 | 1 |

## Commercial performance

In These Times ranked at number 85 in Scotland, number 56 in Germany, and number 92 in Switzerland.

## Charts

Chart performance for In These Times :
| Chart (2022) | Peak position |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 74 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 56 |
| Portuguese Albums (AFP) | 48 |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 85 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 92 |
| UK Independent Albums (OCC) | 23 |
# Jiří Neduha

Jiří Neduha (born 4 February 1949 in Prague) is a Czech singer-songwriter and short story writer. He is the younger brother of musician and writer Jaroslav Jeroným Neduha.
As a result of Akce Asanace, he left Czechoslovakia for Canada in 1981. He began to write songs and formed his first band G-spot. He also worked with Vratislav Brabenec, another Czech immigrant living in Canada. He returned to Czechoslovakia in 1992, over two years after the Velvet Revolution. In 2001, along with guitarist Vladimír Galusek, he formed the band Zpocený voko.
He published his first short story collection Záloha na slávu in 2014. Two more books followed, Věčný trosečník in 2016 and Pan Olympan in 2020.
# Djønno Tunnel

The Djønno Tunnel (Norwegian: Djønnotunnelen) is a road tunnel in the municipality of Ulvik in Vestland county, Norway. The 603-meter (1,978 ft) long tunnel is located on Norwegian County Road 302, just southwest of the Vallaviki farm. The tunnel was opened in 1981 to create a road connection along the Eid Fjord to Djønno, which was previously accessible only by boat. The branch of the Vallavik Tunnel connecting to the Hardanger Bridge passes directly over the Djønno Tunnel.
# Kingdom of Garo

The Kingdom of Garo, also known as Bosha after its ruling dynasty, was an Oromo kingdom in the Horn of Africa. Established by the Oromo people, it was situated on the periphery of the Gibe region of Ethiopia.

## Location

The kingdom of Garo had definite borders to the north with Kingdom of Janjero, on the east was the Omo River, and on the south the Gojeb River separated Garo from the Kingdom of Kaffa. Lacking a clear boundary on its western borders, the kingdom's subjects had constructed a series of trenches and gates to defend themselves from encroachments by the Oromos of the Kingdom of Jimma.

## History

Werner Lange discusses the possibility that the kingdom of Garo had been a subsidiary part of Ennarea, in much the same way that Ennarea had been a part of the kingdom of Damot. By the reign of Yeshaq I, Garo had separated itself from Ennarea, and was a tributary state to Ethiopia; it may be the "Bosge" mentioned in the itineraries of Zorzi. In the 16th century, the Emperor Sarsa Dengel convinced Garo's King to officially embrace Christianity. Although under the increasing pressure of the other Oromo reconquest into the Gibe region forced "the Bosa kingdom must have continued its gradual contraction until little more than a relatively small area isolated in the highland forests of May Gudo was left at the end of the century."
Garo survived as an independent state until the reign of Abba Gomol of Jimma, who conquered the last isolated part of this realm. At the time Emperor Haile Selassie annexed Jimma, a descendant of Dagoye, the last King of Garo, was living in a state of "semi-banishment" in Jiren.
Dukamo
* Rulers of Bosha
# Diospyros coriacea

Diospyros coriacea is a tree in the family Ebenaceae. The specific epithet coriacea means 'leathery', referring to the leaves. The species is native to Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Borneo.

## Description

Diospyros coriacea grows up to 15 metres (50 ft) tall. The twigs dry blackish. The inflorescences bear up to seven flowers. The fruits are roundish, up to 3.5 cm (1 in) in diameter.

## Conservation

Diospyros coriacea has been assessed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Its small population and habitat in lowland swamp forests leave it threatened by land conversion for agriculture and urban development. The species is present in only one protected area, in Sarawak.