OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ware railway station

Ware railway station is a stop on the Hertford East branch line off the West Anglia Main Line in the East of England, serving the town of Ware, Hertfordshire. It is 22 miles 16 chains (35.7 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between St Margarets and Hertford East.
The station and all trains calling are operated by Greater Anglia; its three-letter station code is WAR. It has a single bi-directional platform and track on what is otherwise a double-track railway.

## History

The station building dates back to the opening of the line in 1843.

## Services

All services at Ware are operated by Greater Anglia, using Class 720 electric multiple units.
The typical off-peak service is two trains per hour in each direction between Hertford East and London Liverpool Street, via Tottenham Hale. Additional services, including trains to and from Stratford call at the station during peak hours. On Sundays, southbound services at the station run to and from Stratford instead of Liverpool Street.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| St Margarets | | Greater AngliaHertford East Branch Line | | Hertford East |
# List of highways numbered 2000

The following highways are numbered 2000:

## Jamaica

* Highway 2000

## United States

* Hawaii Route 2000
* Virginia State Route 2000
* FM 2000
# The Private Patient

The Private Patient is a 2008 crime novel by English author P. D. James, the fourteenth and last in her Adam Dalgliesh series.

## Synopsis

In deepest Dorset, the once magnificent Cheverell Manor has been renovated and transformed into a plastic surgery clinic, run by the famous cosmetic practitioner George Chandler-Powell. Two days after Rhoda Gradwyn, an investigative journalist, arrives in the hope of having her almost lifelong facial scar removed, she's savagely murdered and Chandler-Powell finds his surgery under scrutiny from Dalgliesh and his team, who are soon caught in a race against time when another body shows up...

## Reception

In Bookmarks Mar/Apr 2009 issue, a magazine that aggregates critic reviews of books, the book received a (3.5 out of 5) based on critic reviews with a critical summary saying, "Critics agreed that if The Private Patient, a closed-room mystery, is not among the best in the series, it nonetheless outranks most crime fiction".
In a 2008 book review for The New York Times, Janet Maslin called the book an "exercise in impeccable detection", and wrote "James sets her mystery on comfortably familiar terrain and makes the most of its atmospherics. But the plotting of 'The Private Patient' is not up to this author’s diabolical best." Kirkus Reviews summarized it as "Middling work for the peerless James, a whodunit as deeply shadowed by mortality as all Dalgliesh’s cases ever since 'Shroud for a Nightingale'" Donna Rifkind of The Washington Post wrote, "[It's] not the most formidable example of this iconic author's work, but it's still pretty darn good."
# Baron Alphons von Pawel-Rammingen

Baron Luitbert Alexander George Lionel Alphons von Pawel-Rammingen, KCB, KCVO, KCH, VD (German: Luitbert Alexander Georg Lionel Alfons Freiherr von Pawel-Rammingen; 27 July 1843 – 20 November 1932) was a German nobleman who became a naturalised British subject in 1880 when he married Princess Frederica of Hanover.

## Life

Pawel-Rammingen was born on 27 July 1843, the eldest son of Karl Julius August Plato Emil, Baron von Pawel-Rammingen (1807–1886) and his wife, Baroness Luitgarde von Friesen (1819-1901): he had an elder sister, Anna (1842-1920) who married in 1862 to Baron Oswald von Coburg (1822-1904), the son of Ludwig Frederick Emil Freiherr von Coburg (1779-1827), himself an illegitimate son of Prince Ludwig Karl Friedrich of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (1755-1806). Alphons also had a younger brother, Baron Paul Julius August Plato Sylvester Albert (b. 1851; known commonly as Albert), who was married to a Hungarian noblewoman, Baroness Gizella Babárczy de Babárcz (1852-1879) and had issue.
On 24 April 1880, Pawel-Rammingen married Princess Frederica Sophia Maria of Hanover, daughter of King George V of Hanover at St George's Chapel, Windsor; he became a naturalised British Subject by Act of Parliament on 19 March 1880 (she was also a British princess). In the same year, he was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) and in 1897, Queen Victoria also appointed him a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO). He was also appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of Hanover (KCH). In the United Kingdom, he was Honorary Colonel of the 6th Battalion of the Essex Regiment. Alfons and Frederica had one daughter who was born and died at Hampton Court Palace, where the couple had grace-and-favour apartment:
* Baroness Victoria Georgina Beatrice Maud Anne von Pawel-Rammingen (7 March 1881 – 27 March 1881). She was buried in the Albert Memorial Chapel in St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle.

## Death

He became a widower in 1926, and died in Biarritz on 20 November 1932, at the age of 89, outliving his spouse for 6 years. He was buried in the Du Sabaou cemetery, Biarritz, France, while his wife, Princess Frederica of Hanover, was buried alongside their daughter Victoria, in the Royal Vault, St.George's Chapel, Windsor, United Kingdom.
# Phytomyptera melissopodis

Phytomyptera melissopodis is a species of bristle fly in the family Tachinidae.

## Distribution

Canada, United States.
# Chris Blackshear

Chris Blackshear (born March 11, 1974) is an American politician who has served in the Alabama House of Representatives from the 80th district since his victory in a special election in 2016. He was elected to a full term in 2018. He is a member of the Republican Party.
# Methylenecyclopropene

3-Methylenecyclopropene, also called methylenecyclopropene or triafulvene, is a hydrocarbon with chemical formula C$_4$H$_4$. It is a colourless gas that polymerizes readily as a liquid or in solution but is stable as a gas. This highly strained and reactive molecule was synthesized and characterized for the first time in 1984, and has been the subject of considerable experimental and theoretical interest. It is an example of a cross-conjugated alkene, being composed of cyclopropene with an exocyclic double bond attached.

## Description

Methylenecyclopropene is the smallest of the fulvenes (a family of unstable, cyclic molecules, conjugated transversally with an odd number of carbon atoms in the ring).
The structure of methylenecyclopropene has two interacting double bonds, which represents the simplest transversally conjugated π-bonding system. It is fundamentally not an alternant hydrocarbon. The value of its dipole moment (which is around four times that of pentafulvene) can be calculated by the Hückel method (HMO).
Its study has involved the use of isotopic isomers.

## Reactivity

Most fulvenes are typically non-aromatic in nature (based on spectroscopic data), having properties closer to alkenes. In the case of tria- and pentafulvene, the possibility of dipole forms of resonance suggests an aromatic character to the cyclic structure; furthermore, as opposed to pentafulvene, one of the triafulvene resonance structures has a negative charge on the methylidene carbon.
Similarly to heptafulvene (fulvene containing a 7-atom cyclic ring), triafulvene polymerizes easily at −20 °C and is stabilized by electron-accepting groups bonded to the methylidene carbon atom.
# Hugh de Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Stratton Audley

Sir Hugh de Audley of Stratton Audley (c. 1267 – 1325), Lord of Stratton Audley, was a 13th- and 14th-century English noble. During his life he acted as Constable of Montgomery Castle, Sheriff of Shropshire, Sheriff of Staffordshire, Justice of North Wales, Keeper of Selkirk Forest, and acted as an ambassador to France. Hugh participated in the rebellion of Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster and surrendered prior to the Battle of Boroughbridge in 1322. He remained a prisoner held at Wallingford Castle until he died in 1325.

## Biography

Hugh was the fifth and youngest son of James Audley and Ela de Longspee, daughter of William Longespée the Younger. After the death of his father in 1272, Hugh inherited Stratton Audley, Oxfordshire, the dowry of his mother. During 1294 Hugh took part in King Edward I's Gascony campaign. Whilst campaigning he was captured fighting the French and was held prisoner until 2 April 1299. Between 1299 and 1302, he took part in the English campaigns in Scotland. In 1306, he served as justice of the peace in North Wales and in 1309 he was appointed Constable of Montgomery Castle. Hugh was also present at the Battle of Bannockburn against the Scots in 1314.
Audley was created Baron Audley of Stratton Audley by writ in 1321. Hugh and his younger son, also named Hugh, took part in the rebellion of the lords of the Welsh Marches against Hugh Despenser the Younger in 1321. After initial successes, Audley surrendered with his ally Maurice de Berkeley on 6 February 1322. He was imprisoned in Wallingford Castle, where the younger Hugh joined him a few weeks later after the Battle of Boroughbridge. An attempt to free prisoners from the castle in 1323 ultimately failed. Hugh died while imprisoned at the castle in 1325.

## Family

He married, in 1288, Isolde, the widow of Walter de Balun. She was the daughter of Roger le Rous and Alianore de Avenbury. They had the following known issue:
* James de Audley (died 1334), with his partner Eve de Clavering, had two illegitimate children, Peter and James.
* Hugh de Audley, Earl of Gloucester (died 1347), married Margaret de Clare and had a daughter, Margaret de Audley, 2nd Baroness Audley.
* Alice de Audley (died 1374) married firstly Ralph de Greystoke, 1st Baron Greystoke and, secondly, Ralph Neville, 2nd Baron Neville de Raby, and had children with both spouses.

## Citations

* ↑ Watson, p.xvii.
* ↑ J. R. Maddicott, 'Audley, Hugh, earl of Gloucester (c. 1291–1347)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.
* ↑ Hammond, P. W. (1998). The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda.
# Hirudiniformes

The Hirudiniformes are one of the currently-accepted suborders of the proboscisless leeches (Arhynchobdellida). Their best-known member is the European medical leech, Hirudo medicinalis, and indeed most of the blood-sucking "worms" as which leeches are generally perceived belong to this group. In general, though some leeches suck blood, many are predators which hunt small invertebrates.
The Arhynchobdellida were formerly divided into two groups, denoted by presence or absence of toothed jaws. But this does not represent a natural division, as has now been determined - the most primitive proboscisless leeches are not found among the jawed blood-sucking forms as was generally believed, but among the jawless predators.

## Taxonomy

"Jawed leeches" - termed "Gnathobdellae" or "Gnathobdellida" - are exclusively found among the Hirudiniformes, but the order contains a number of jawless families as well. The jawed, toothed forms make up the aquatic Hirudidae and the terrestrial Haemadipsidae and Xerobdellidae (sometimes included in the preceding but worthy of recognition as an independent family). These might actually form a clade, which would then be placed at superfamily rank, but it seems that the Hirudidae might rather be close relatives of the carnivorous Haemopidae instead.
Many of the most well-known leeches belong to this family, most notably the medical leeches, such as the European species, already mentioned, which is prominent among these. Other medical Hirudiniformes of lesser importance are for example other species of the genus Hirudo, the North American medical leech (Macrobdella decora), and the Asian medical leech (Hirudinaria manillensis). Among the better-known bloodsucking land leeches are species belonging to the Asian genus Haemadipsa: they include the Indian leech (H. sylvestris) and the yamabiru or Japanese Mountain Leech (H. zeylanica).

## References & footnotes

* ↑ The taxon would thus become "Gnathobdelloidea" according to ICZN rules, but the issue has neither been sufficiently studied nor formally proposed.
* ↑ Borda, Elizabeth; Oceguera-Figueroa, Alejandro & Siddall, Mark E. (2008): On the classification, evolution and biogeography of terrestrial haemadipsoid leeches (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Hirudiniformes). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46(1): 142–154. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.09.006 (HTML abstract)
# Limnatis nilotica

Limnatis nilotica is a species of leech in the family Hirudinidae. It is hematophagous (feeding on blood), living on the mucous membranes of mammals.

## Description

Limnatis nilotica grows to a length of about 10 cm (4 in). It has powerful jaws and a sucker at both the anterior and the posterior end. The general colour is dark green and there are green spots in rows on the dorsal surface and bands of yellowish-orange and green on the sides.

## Distribution and habitat

Limnatis nilotica is native to Southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. It inhabits stagnant ponds and shallow lakes.

## Biology

Limnatis nilotica is unable to pierce skin with its jaws which are relatively small, soft and rounded; there are about thirty flat teeth with rough surfaces on the jaws, and small papillae which probably secrete saliva. Instead it enters its mammalian host through an orifice and sucks blood from mucous membranes inside the host, often the pharynx. The ingested blood is granular in nature, perhaps because the leech has scraped the tissues as it fed. The volume of blood consumed at any one time is much smaller than is typical for the European medicinal leech, but L. nilotica may stay in place for several weeks, feeding at intervals.
Limnatis nilotica is periodically reported as affecting humans and livestock, entering the host through the mouth, nose, and occasionally through the eye socket, the urethra or vagina. In Iran, a pregnant cow showed respiratory distress and anaemia and was found to have a leech attached to the inside of the cheek and tongue; the cow was said to have drunk from a local pond. In another instance, a camel in Iraq had leeches inside its nasal cavity. There have been other reports from Iraq of affected cattle, sheep, donkeys and dogs. Two young dogs in Iran with symptoms including anorexia, anaemia, hyper-salivation, retching, and bleeding from the mouth, were found to have leeches under their tongues. If left untreated animals may die, but these dogs recovered after the leeches were removed.
# Mimobdella

Mimobdella is a genus of leeches belonging to the family Erpobdellidae.
The species of this genus are found in Japan.

## Species

Species:
* Mimobdella africana Moore, 1939
* Mimobdella buettikoferi Blanchard, 1897
* Mimobdella japonica Blanchard, 1897
# Lurline Hook

Lurline Elsie Hook (1915 – 11 March 1986) was an Australian diver who won a gold medal at the 1938 British Empire Games. She was Australian springboard champion in 1931 and six times New South Wales diving champion.
Born in Hay, New South Wales in 1915, Hook moved with her family to Lismore in the State's north-east, where she received a certificate from the Lismore Ladies' Life Saving and Swimming Club in 1924 for completing 50 and 100 yard swims.
In 1926 Hook won the title of Queen of the Olde English Fayre, raising over £102 for the church she represented, St Luke's, Lismore and enabling repayment of a loan for its construction.
At her first attempt, Hook placed third in the NSW junior diving championships in 1929 and fourth in the senior event. In the 1930 NSW championships she was injured and unable to perform up to expectation.
Hook won her first Australian national diving championship in 1931, winning the springboard event in Brisbane at age 15. It was the first time a country girl had won.
She won gold in the 10 metre platform event at the 1938 British Empire Games in Sydney.
Hook met her first husband, Hylton Davies at the 1931 championships. They married before he joined the AIF shortly the outbreak of WWII. He was killed in Borneo in July 1945. She married Loyal George Cavanagh in 1947.
Hook died in Ballina, New South Wales on 11 March 1986.
# Bois-d'Arcy, Yvelines

Bois-d'Arcy (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Yvelines department in north-central France.
Is is one of the locations of fr:Archives françaises du film.
# Dariush

Dariush (Persian: داریوش), also spelled Darioush, Daryoush, or Daryoosh, is a Persian-language masculine given name. It is composed of Dāraya- (lit. 'to hold') and vash- (lit. 'good'), meaning holding firm the good.
Within the Achaemenid dynasty, three rulers of the Persian Empire held the name: Darius the Great (or Darius I), Darius II, and Darius III. It went on to enjoy considerable popularity as a given name among Persian noblemen in later periods. Historically, the name has been transliterated into Latin and later into English as "Darius" and is well-known to the Western world in this form.

## Etymology

The Modern Persian داریوش Dāriūsh, Latin Dārīus, Dārēus, Greek Δαρεῖος Dareîos, Aramaic drwš, drywš, Elamite Da-ri-ya-(h)u-(ú-)iš, Akkadian Da-(a-)ri-muš, Egyptian tr(w)š, trjwš, intr(w)š, intrjwš, Lycian Ñtarijeus-, and Old Persian Dārayauš, are short forms of Old Pers. 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 Dārayavauš, (Greek Dareiaîos, Aramaic dryhwš, Elamite Da-ri-(y)a-ma-u-iš, Akkadian Da-(a-)ri-ia-(a-)muš). The longer Old Persian Dārayavauš is composed of Dāraya- [hold] + va(h)u- [good], meaning "holding firm the good".

## People

* Beneil Dariush (born May 6, 1989), Assyrian-American professional mixed martial artist
* Dariush Arjmand (born 1944), Iranian actor
* Dariush Ashoori (born 1938), Iranian intellectual
* Dariush (singer) (AKA Dariush) (born 1951), Iranian pop singer
* Dariush Forouhar (1928-1998), leader of the nationalist Mellat Iran party
* Dariush Homayoon (1928-2011), Iranian politician
* Dariush Mehrjui (1939-2023), Iranian film director
* Dariush Mozaffarian (born 1969), Iranian-American medical researcher
* Dariush Safvat (1928-2013), Persian ethnomusicologist
* Dariush Shayegan (1935-2018), Iranian academic
* Roosh V (AKA Daryush "Roosh V" Valizadeh) (born 1976), controversial American pickup artist
# Lichtenegg

Lichtenegg is a municipality in the district of Wiener Neustadt-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.
# List of Gregorian Jewish-related and Israeli holidays

* January 1: Public Domain Day (International, applies in Israel)
* January 1: Novy God Day (Russian-Jewish community)
* March 6: European Day of the Righteous
* April 25–28: Ziyarat al-Nabi Shu'ayb (public holiday in Israel, Druze minority)
* May 9: Victory Day (9 May) (Public holiday in Israel)
* June 30: Navy Day (Israel)
* July 17: International Firgun Day
* August 23: European Day of Remembrance for Victims of Stalinism and Nazism
* First Sunday in September: Federal Day of Thanksgiving, Repentance and Prayer (Germany, interfaith observance)
* September 9: Day of the Victims of Holocaust and of Racial Violence (Slovakia)
* November 4: Yitzhak Rabin Memorial (Israel, unofficial, but widely commemorated)
* Movable in November: Mitzvah Day International 2020 date: November 15
* November 30: Day to Mark the Departure and Expulsion of Jews from the Arab Countries and Iran (Israel)
* December 4: Eid il-Burbara (Israel/Palestinian territories, not an official holiday)
* December 24: Nittel Nacht
* December 31: Novy God Eve (Russian-Jewish community)
# Aristotelis Thanos

Aristotelis Thanos (born 7 April 2001) is a Greek tennis player.
Thanos has a career high ATP singles ranking of 861 achieved on 12 August 2024. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 665 achieved on 4 April 2022.
Thanos made his ATP main draw debut at the 2022 ATP Cup as one of the five members of the Greek team. He also won an ITF title (M15 Kursumljiska Banja) on 11 August 2024.
# Violin Concerto No. 2 (Martinů)

Bohuslav Martinů's Violin Concerto No. 2 in G minor, H. 293 was composed between February and April 1943 between his first two symphonies and premiered on December 31 by Mischa Elman and the Boston Symphony conducted by Sergei Koussevitzky. Elman requested the concerto following the premiere of the dramatic Symphony No. 1 by the same orchestra, impressed by the work. It was referred as Martinů's only violin concerto until an earlier concerto which was thought to be lost appeared in 1968, nine years after the composer's death.
The concerto consists of three movements, with a serious Allegro preceded by a solo introduction, a gently lyrical central movement and a lively finale. The first movement is almost as long as the other two combined.
* Andante — Poco allegro
* Andante moderato
* Poco allegro

## Discography

* Josef Suk // Czech Philharmonic — Václav Neumann, 1973 available to hear on Youtube
* Katrin Scholz // Hamburg Symphony — Sebastian Lang-Lessing. Berlin Classics, 2001
* Bohuslav Matoušek // Czech Philharmonic Orchestra - Christopher Hogwood. Hyperion, 2004
* Jennifer Koh // Grant Park Orchestra — Carlos Kalmar. Cedille Records, 2006
* Isabelle Faust // Prague Philharmonia — Jiří Bělohlávek. Harmonia Mundi, 2008
* Lorenzo Gatto [fr] // National Orchestra of Belgium — Walter Weller. Fuga Libera, 2011
* Frank Peter Zimmermann // Bamberger Symphoniker — Jakub Hrusa. BIS, 2020
# Maurizio Zonzini

Maurizio Zonzini (born 20 March 1962) is a Sammarinese gymnast. He competed in seven events at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Zonzini was the flag bearer for San Marino in the 1984 Summer Olympics opening ceremony.
# Mzwandile Ngubeni

Mzwandile Ngubeni (born 1982) - South African film and theater actor. He is known for playing in a movie "In Desert and Wilderness" (2001) of a director Gavin Hood. In the film he starred alongside other South African actress, Lungile Shongwe. In preparation for the role of Kali - just like Lungile Shongwe - he had to learn Polish dialogues, although he did not know before the Polish language.

## Filmography

* 2001 Witness to a Kill - as Bellhop
* 2001 In Desert and Wilderness - as Kali
* 2001 In Desert and Wilderness (TV mini-series) - as Kali
* 2008 Jerusalema - as Young Bull
* 2009 Qudhmun Adeerkii - as a police officer Nageeye War
* 2010 MsX Bodyguards - as a friendly shopkeeper
* 2011 Waalane Weeji - as a foreigner
# Zoran Ivanović (gymnast)

Zoran Ivanović (born 27 August 1949) is a Yugoslav gymnast. He competed in eight events at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Arbesbach

Arbesbach is an Austrian municipality in the district of Zwettl in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.