# Patricia Zapf

Patricia Zapf is a licensed clinical psychologist known for her work in forensic psychology, specializing in competency to stand trial. Zapf spent sixteen years as a professor of psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice prior to joining Palo Alto University as the Vice President of Business Innovation and Strategic Advancement.

## Education

Zapf received her B.A. in psychology from the University of Alberta in psychology. She received both her Masters (M.A. in Clinical Psychology with specialization in Forensic Psychology) and Doctorate (Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology with specialization in Forensic Psychology) from Simon Fraser University in British Columbia, Canada, focusing her area of interest on competency to stand trial. Under the mentorship of Ronald Roesch, she completed her dissertation, titled "An investigation of the construct of competence in a criminal and civil context: A comparison of the FIT, the MacCAT-CA, and the MacCAT-T." She is a licensed psychologist in four states in the United States: Alabama, Florida, New York and Missouri.

## Career

Upon completion of her doctoral program, Zapf worked at the University of Alabama as an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department until 2002. She concurrently began and maintains faculty affiliate status at Simon Fraser University in their Mental Health, Law and Policy Institute. After leaving the University of Alabama, Zapf held various positions at John Jay College of Criminal Justice at The City University of New York, including Director of Clinical Training, Director of the Forensic Psychology Research Institute, Associate Professor and Professor in the Department of Psychology. Currently, Zapf is Vice President of Business Innovation and Strategic Advancement at Palo Alto University, where she works to advance academia by implementing business strategies to strengthen academia's impact.

## Research

Competency to stand trial: Zapf has focused on competency since her doctoral program, writing her dissertation on competency in both criminal and civil trials. She has examined the issue in a number of articles, evaluating the current research and instruments used for competency assessment. She wrote Evaluation of Competence to Stand Trial with her mentor, Ronald Roesch, in which they cover the entire process of evaluating an individual for competency, in addition to addressing the significant concepts related to understanding competency. Zapf and Roesch also created a forensic assessment instrument called The Fitness Interview Test used in assessing for competency. The Fitness Interview Test was found to be a good screener for those fit to stand trial prior to their entry to an inpatient facility for screening.
Forensic Evaluations: Zapf's research also lies in forensic evaluations and bridging the gap in understanding between the legal field and psychology, running trainings for both mental health and legal professionals. Much of this research culminated in two books, both co-authored with Roesch: Forensic assessments in criminal and civil law : a handbook for lawyers (a handbook for attorneys to better understand what to anticipate from a forensic mental health assessment, given that there is not one standard procedure) and Forensic Psychology and Law (an exploration of legal topics and psychology).
In more recent years, Zapf has researched and written on cognitive biases in forensic assessment. She has researched how to identify and mitigate bias in forensic evaluations, as well as how aware forensic evaluators are of their own biases. She created a seven-level taxonomy based on Sir Francis Bacon's doctrine of idols to examine how biases can arise and how to mitigate these biases.

## Fellowships and memberships

* Fellow of the American Psychological Association since 2006
* Distinguished Member of the American Psychology-Law Society since 2006
* Former President of the American Psychology-Law Society (2014-2015)
* Editor of the International Association of Forensic Mental Health Services book series

## Books

* Zapf, P., & Roesch, R. (2008). Evaluation of Competence to Stand Trial (1st ed.). Oxford University Press.
* Roesch, R., Zapf, P. A., & Hart, S. D. (2009). Forensic Psychology and Law (1. Aufl.). Wiley.
* Roesch, R., & Zapf, P. A. (2013). Forensic assessments in criminal and civil law : a handbook for lawyers. Oxford University Press.
* Cutler, B. L., & Zapf, P. A. (Eds.). (2015). APA handbook of forensic psychology. American Psychological Association.
* Pirelli, G., Beattey, R. A., & Zapf, P. A. (2017). The Ethical Practice of Forensic Psychology: A Casebook (1st ed.). Oxford University Press.