OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jay Smith (Christian apologist)

Jay Smith (born 1953) is an American Christian evangelist and apologist. Since 1983, he has been a full-time missionary with the Brethren in Christ Church with a focus on apologetics and polemics among the Muslims of London.

## Biography
### Early life

Smith was born in India to Brethren in Christ missionaries and attended Woodstock School in India. His grandparents were also missionaries. He earned a BA from Messiah College and then a Masters of Divinity from Eastern Baptist Theological Seminary in apologetics. He has also earned an MA in Islamics from the Fuller Theological Seminary, and a PhD in apologetics and polemics from the Melbourne School of Theology.

### Focus on Islam

In 1981, while studying for his masters, Smith attended a seminar on Islam while noting that there were only 1,500 Christians ministering to Muslims worldwide, he decided to become a missionary to the Muslim world and pursued a second master's degree in Islamic studies from Fuller Theological Seminary.
In 1987, Smith moved to Senegal as a missionary and in 1992, he moved to London where he continued his education at the School of Oriental and African Studies and the London School of Theology. In 2001, he halted his education to concentrate on apologetics following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
In 2010, Smith resumed work on his PhD at the Melbourne School of Theology which he completed in March 2017. He helped run the Hyde Park Christian Fellowship, which emphasizes the use of polemics with Muslims alongside apologetics, and has made appearances at Speakers Corner in Hyde Park, London for over 24 years. Smith also engages in formal public debates with prominent Muslim apologists and scholars including Omar Bakri Muhammad, Azzam Tamimi, Shabir Ally, Anjem Choudary, Abdur Raheem Green and Edip Yüksel.
Smith believes that although both Islam and Christianity include radicals, moderates, and liberals, it is radical Muslims that commit violence as they take the Qur’an seriously, while radical Christians who also take the Bible seriously serve others in love. He claims that radical Muslims model their lives on Muhammad, while radical Christians model their lives on Jesus Christ. Smith believes the growth in radical Islam in Britain is due to disaffected Muslims, often minimally religious, returning to their Islamic roots. He says that after reading the Islamic scriptures, (the Qur'an in conjunction with the hadith, tafsir, and sira), they come to the conclusion that the Salafi/Athari understanding is the true form of Islam. Smith also believes that although Western actions in the Islamic world can instigate Muslim discontent, it is the Islamic scriptures that encourage the violence. He also rues the fact that moderate Muslims are not able to challenge the radicals using scripture because he believes the radicals have the scriptural authority. Smith believes that ultimately Muslims and others will realize that the Muslim scriptures, coupled with the example of their prophet Muhammad, are irrelevant to modern times.
Smith's polemical approach has been praised by the Salafi Omar Bakri Muhammad.
# Anne Oskarsson

Anne Oskarsson (born 1946) is a Swedish politician for the Sweden Democrats party and a member of the Riksdag since 2018.
Oskarsson graduated with a Master's degree in scientific engineering and worked as a civil engineer, making her one of five Sweden Democrats MPs to come from an engineering background to be elected to parliament in 2018. Oskarsson is a municipal councilor in Borgholm and serves as the SD group leader in Borgholm. She currently represents the constituency of Kalmar County and takes seat 60 in the Riksdag.
# Sock a Doodle Do

Sock-A-Doodle-Do is a 1952 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes animated short directed by Robert McKimson. The cartoon was released on May 10, 1952, and features Foghorn Leghorn and the Barnyard Dawg. The voices are performed by Mel Blanc, though Banty was voiced by an uncredited Sheldon Leonard.

## Plot

The cartoon opens with a car pulling a small trailer carrying "Kid Banty", a champion fighting rooster. The car hits a bump and Kid Banty falls out of the trailer. Banty, wearing boxing gloves, begins punching a cow when the bell around its neck rings, indicating that his aggression is triggered by bells.
The Barnyard Dawg is securing a large pipe to a makeshift elevated platform constructed out of wood. Dawg affixes a sign that reads "See A Genuine Flying Saucer." Foghorn Leghorn, curious, looks inside the pipe, whereupon Dawg launches a teacup saucer through the pipe, which breaks on Foghorn's head. Dawg follows this with throwing the teacup itself at Foghorn. Barnyard Dawg appears and asks Foghorn if he wants "one or two lumps" (repeating from several other Warner cartoons) and a dazed Foghorn says "two", whereupon Dawg produces a large mallet and whacks Foghorn on the head.
Later, Foghorn is repairing an alarm clock when Banty walks by. When it rings, Banty punches Leghorn. Foghorn asks Banty why, and Banty says that every time he hears a bell, he starts punching. Foghorn ponders this, and then plans revenge on Dawg. Foghorn sends Banty to the doghouse to ask for a punching bag. When he does, Foghorn then rings a chime which causes Banty to punch Dawg. When Dawg confronts him, Banty says that Foghorn sent him. Dawg, wanting to get even, gives Banty a gift-wrapped box and tells him a punching bag is inside. Foghorn warns Banty that the box may be a trap but opens it anyway, revealing a clock. The clock chimes and Banty punches Leghorn again.
Foghorn tries to bribe Dawg to be Banty's sparring partner, to which Dawg refuses but promises to find him another partner. Dawg lures Leghorn to a tree trunk that supposedly has a show with dancing girls inside. Foghorn falls for it and sticks his head in the trunk finding nothing but a small hole. Foghorn muses that the hole is some kind of "peep show" and sticks his head inside, but Dawg has set up a miniature boxing ring on top of the tree trunk. Banty, ready to spar, uses Foghorn's head as a punching bag.
# Waterloo, Maryland

Waterloo is an unincorporated community located in Howard County in the U.S. state of Maryland. Located at the intersection of Waterloo Road and Washington Boulevard, the neighborhood is encompassed mostly by Jessup and partially by Elkridge.

## History

Spurrier's Tavern was a prominent location along the post road from Philadelphia to Georgetown. During the American Revolution, Spurrier's tavern was significant as a supply and resting point for the Continental Army; George Washington was a frequent visitor. It became the central meeting place of the Elk Ridge Militia. The tavern was renamed to "Waterloo" in 1815 by the innkeeper after the Battle of Waterloo. Hence, the area around the tavern followed the name of "Waterloo".
The greater Waterloo area is now referenced as Jessup. The Maryland State Police Waterloo barracks retain the old name of the community.

## Neighborhoods

* Cedar Villa Heights, a mid twentieth century neighborhood located off Cedar Avenue.
* Dorset Gardens at Blue Stream, a new townhouse community located adjacent to the U.S. 1 Flea Market.
* Howard Square, a major mixed-use development initiated in 2013 located across from the Waterloo Barracks.
* Lark Brown, a townhouse and commercial community located on Old Waterloo Road and Lark Brown Road.
* Mission Place, an apartment complex on Mission Road and Washington Boulevard
* Montevideo, an established residential community located at the crossroads of Montevideo Road and Forest and Wigley Avenues.
* Ridgely's Run, a small light residential neighborhood with a community center located off of Mission Road.

## Education

Currently, no schools exist in the immediate area of Waterloo. The closest schools include Deep Run Elementary School on Old Waterloo Road, Thomas Viaduct Middle School in Oxford Square, Bollman Bridge Elementary School and Patuxent Valley Middle School in Savage.
In 2016, funding has been requested to construct a new high school on the Mission Road Quarry Site, currently owned by Savage Stone. The school would alleviate crowding along the Route 1 Corridor.

## Industry

Waterloo includes a number of large industrial centers.
* East Columbia Marketpace
* Maryland Wholesale Food Market
* Maryland Seafood Market
* US 1 Flea Market

## Public transit

Waterloo is 1.9 miles (3.1 km) (a four-minute drive) from Jessup station (MARC Camden Line). The area is also served by a number of bus routes that interchange at the Maryland Wholesale Food Market Transportation Hub. They include RTA 408/Gold, 409/Purple, 410/Silver and MTA 320.

## Notable people

* Mary Surratt (1823-1865), American boarding house owner convicted as a conspirator in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln and sentenced to death
# Jefferson G. Thurber

Jefferson Gage Thurber (December 30, 1807 – May 6, 1857) was an American lawyer, Democratic Party politician, and Michigan pioneer. He was a member of the Michigan Senate and House of Representatives, and served as the 16th speaker of the Michigan House of Representatives in 1851.

## Biography

Jefferson G. Thurber was born in Unity, New Hampshire, and while a child moved to Canandaigua, New York, with his parents. He received his education at the Canandaigua Academy, then taught Latin and mathematics while studying law.
In 1833, he went west to the Michigan Territory and started a legal practice in Monroe, where he resided for most of the rest of his life. He quickly became involved in politics, and was elected prosecuting attorney and then probate judge. In 1843, he was elected to the Michigan Senate and served three years as one of the representatives in the 3rd Senate district (in this era Michigan's senators were elected in multi-member districts). He was subsequently elected to a single term in the Michigan House of Representatives, representing Monroe County in the 1851 session, and he was chosen as speaker of the House for that session. He was also a delegate to the 1856 Democratic National Convention which nominated James Buchanan over the incumbent, President Franklin Pierce.
He died at his home in Monroe on May 6, 1857.

## Personal life and family

Jefferson G. Thurber was the second child and eldest son of Samuel Hallet Thurber and his first wife, Sara (née Gage) Thurber. Several of Thurber's siblings also moved to Michigan and prospered.
Jefferson Thurber married Mary Bartlett Gerrish in 1834, they had at least eight children, though two died in infancy.
# Mount Allenby

Mount Allenby is a mountain summit in Alberta, Canada.

## Description

Mount Allenby, elevation 2,995 meters, is set within Banff National Park, four kilometers east of the Continental Divide, and is situated near the southern end of the Sundance Range which is a subset of the Canadian Rockies. It is located approximately 26.4 km (16.4 mi) due south of the town of Banff, 1.9 km (1.2 mi) north-northwest of Mount Mercer, and 12 km (7.5 mi) northeast of Mount Assiniboine. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Allenby and Mercer creeks which empty to the nearby Spray Lakes Reservoir via Bryant Creek. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 1,115 meters (3,658 feet) above Bryant Creek Valley in 2 kilometers (1.2 miles).

## Etymology

Mount Allenby was named after Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby (1861–1936), British Army field-marshal. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1924 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

## Geology

Mount Allenby is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Allenby is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C.
# Peter Kaim-Caudle

Peter Kaim-Caudle (1916 in Breslau – 18 May 2010 in Paris) was Emeritus Professor of Social Policy at Durham University and a recognised expert on the provision of social services.

## Life and career

Peter Robert Kaim was born in Breslau to a middle-class German Jewish family on 14 December 1916. In 1933 he left the increasingly anti-semitic German Reich for England, where he studied economics at the LSE. He graduated in 1939 and went to work in business.
At the outbreak of World War II he was interned for fifteen months as an enemy alien in the Isle of Man and later in Canada where his career in education began with organising classes for fellow internees. At the war's end he returned to Britain and married Patricia Caudle, a Londoner and former landgirl and later English teacher. Adopting the new blended surname of Kaim-Caudle, they had four children.
Peter's post-war career began as a lecturer at the University of Dundee. This was followed in 1950 by a move to the University of Durham where he spent the rest of his professional life and made the city his home. As the University's first Professor of Social Administration he authored many papers for British and overseas journals on social service provision, particularly on pensions and the provision and management of government-subsidised health care. From 1963 he collaborated with and made frequent visits to the Economic and Social Research Institute in Dublin. His contributions to Irish social policy research were recognised by the award in 2002 of the honorary degree of D.Litt. from the National University of Ireland, Maynooth.
Peter died at his daughter's home in Le Vésinet, Paris on 18 May 2010.

## Published books

* Kaim-Caudle, Peter (1967). Social Policy in the Irish Republic. Routledge & Kegan Paul.
* Kaim-Caudle, Peter (1970). Ophthalmic Services in Ireland. The Economic and Social Research Institute.
* Kaim-Caudle, Peter (1973). Comparative social policy and social security;: A ten-country study. Dunellen.
* Kaim-Caudle, Peter; Marsh, Geoffrey (1976). Team Care in General Practice. Croom Helm.
* Kaim-Caudle, Peter; Keithley, Jane; Mullender, Audrey (1993). Aspects of Ageing: A Celebration of the European Year of Older People and Solidarity Between Generations, 1993. Whiting & Birch.
# John W. Cauthorn

John W. Cauthorn (born December 11, 1946, in Audrain County, Missouri) is the current 21st District representative to the Missouri House of Representatives and former Republican member of the Missouri State Senate.
Cauthorn attended Truman State University, and served in the National Guard for six years. He has three children: Elizabeth, Kaitie, and Andrew. He is a member of the Victory Christian Fellowship, Missouri Farm Association, Farm Bureau, Missouri Corn Growers Association, Missouri Cattlemen's Association, and is past president of the Soybean Association. Cauthorn and his family reside in Mexico, Missouri.
Cauthorn was first elected to the State Senate in a special election in 2001, and won re-election the following year. While a state senator he served as chair of the Governmental Accountability and Fisch Oversight Committee, and on the following committees:
* Agriculture, Conservation, Parks and Natural Resources
* Small Business, Insurance, and Industrial Relations
* Ways and Means.
In 2009, he lost the general election for western Audrain County commissioner after being unopposed for the Republican nomination.
# Elek Nyilas

Elek Nyilas (born 3 May 1969) is a retired Hungarian football player.

## International career

He was member of the Hungary national football team from 1995 to 1997.

### International goals

| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 10 November 1996 | Tofiq Bahramov Stadium, Baku, Azerbaijan | Azerbaijan | 1–0 | 3–0 | 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification |
| 2. | 10 November 1996 | Tofiq Bahramov Stadium, Baku, Azerbaijan | Azerbaijan | 2–0 | 3–0 | 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification |
# Old Glory Mountain

Old Glory Mountain is a 2,376-metre (7,795-foot) summit in British Columbia, Canada.

## Description

Old Glory Mountain is the highest peak in the Rossland Range which is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains. The peak is located 11 km (6.8 mi) northwest of the community of Rossland and five kilometres (3.1 mi) northwest of Red Mountain Ski Resort. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains to Big Sheep Creek which is a tributary of the Columbia River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 1,600 metres (5,250 ft) above the creek in five kilometres (3.1 mi). An ascent of the summit involves hiking 9.4 kilometres (5.8 miles) and 974 metres (3,195 feet) of elevation gain, with the months of July through October offering the best time for visiting the popular destination. There is an old fire lookout at the summit. The mountain's toponym, presumably a reference to the USA flag, was officially adopted on June 2, 1950, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. However, the name was published as early as 1901, if not earlier.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Old Glory Mountain is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and warm summers. Winter temperatures can drop below −10 °C with wind chill factors below −20 °C. The peak receives precipitation all year, as snow in winter and as thunderstorms in summer.

## Gallery

* Southeast aspect
# Ricardo Martínez Matey

Ricardo Martínez Matey (born 23 April 1964) is a Spanish former racing cyclist. He rode in the 1988 Tour de France.

## Major results
### 1984

    1st Vuelta a Murcia

### 1986

    2nd Road race, National Road Championships
# Dawn (Lisa song)

"Dawn" (stylized in all lowercase) is a song by Japanese singer Lisa. It is the singer's eighteenth single and includes "Brand New You" as B-side. The song was pre-released digitally on January 11, 2021, and physically two days later by Sacra Music and Sony Music Japan. It serves as the opening theme song of the anime Back Arrow (2020).

## Background and release

Lisa released "Homura" in October 2020, alongside her studio album Leo-Nine. Unlike its predecessor, "Gurenge", "Homura" served as the ending theme of the anime movie Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba the Movie: Mugen Train (2020). It was commercially successful in Japan, reaching number one on both the Oricon Singles Chart and Japan Hot 100, and was eventually certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Japan. On December 12, 2020, "Dawn" was announced as the opening theme song of the anime series Back Arrow, that was released on January 8, 2021. The cover art was released on January 1. The single was released pre-released digitally on January 11, 2021, in conjunction with a music video, by Sacra Music and Sony Music Japan. The physical version was released two days later in only one regular edition, featuring "Dawn" as A-side and "Brand New You" as B-side.

## Music video

The music video for the song, premiered on Lisa's YouTube channel on January 11, 2021, and features Lisa performing on a stage while backed by a live band.

## Charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| Japan (Japan Hot 100) | 11 |
| Japan (Oricon) | 5 |
# Bleach bypass

Bleach bypass, also known as skip bleach or silver retention, is a chemical effect which entails either the partial or complete skipping of the bleaching function during the processing of a color film. By doing this, the silver is retained in the emulsion along with the color dyes. The result is a black-and-white image over a color image. The images usually have reduced saturation and exposure latitude, along with increased contrast and graininess. It usually is used to maximum effect in conjunction with a one-stop underexposure.

## Technique

Bleach bypass can be done to any photochemical step in the process, be it original camera negative, interpositive, internegative or release print. For motion pictures, it is usually applied at the internegative stage, as insurance companies usually are reluctant to have the camera negative bleach bypassed, or the interpositive (a "protection"/"preservation" element), in the event that the look is agreed to be too extreme, and the cost of the process for each individual release print is most often cost-prohibitive. The effect, however, will render slightly differently at each stage, especially between the camera negative and interpositive stages.
Bleach bypass generally refers to a complete circumvention of the bleach stage of development, and is the most commonly offered service among laboratories. Technicolor's ENR and OZ and Deluxe Labs' ACE and CCE processes are proprietary variants which allow the film to be only partially bleached, giving the cinematographer a more finely tuned control over the effect rendered by the process.
While originally a laboratory technique, a similar effect can also be achieved digitally through digital intermediate color grading.

## Use in film and television

"Bleach bypass", as used in this context, was first used in Kon Ichikawa's film Her Brother (1960). Kazuo Miyagawa, as Daiei Film's cameraman, invented bleach bypass for Ichikawa's film, inspired by the color rendition in the original release of Moby-Dick (1956), printed using dye-transfer Technicolor, and was achieved through the use of an additional black-and-white overlay. Actually, this is a throw-back to pre-1944 Technicolor, which incorporated a silver-containing "blank receiver" with the silver image printed from the green separation negative, but at 50% density, upon which the color dyes were imprinted by utilizing "imbibition"; this concept may have been employed here, but at a different density.
Despite this early foray into the technique, it remained overlooked for the most part until its use by Roger Deakins for the movie Nineteen Eighty-Four.
The effect has subsequently become a regular development tool in laboratory work, and has remained in widespread use. Practitioners include cinematographers Rodrigo Prieto, Remi Adefarasin, Darius Khondji, Dariusz Wolski, Walter Carvalho, Oliver Stapleton, Newton Thomas Sigel, Park Gok-ji, Shane Hurlbut, Steven Soderbergh (as "Peter Andrews"), Tom Stern, Vittorio Storaro, and Janusz Kamiński (notably on Steven Spielberg's Saving Private Ryan and Minority Report).
# Jack Cera

Jack Cera is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing the 96th district.

## Career

A Democrat, Cera was appointed to his current term to replace Lou Gentile, who left to assume a seat in the Ohio Senate. Cera previously served in the Ohio House of Representatives from 1983 to 1996, but was ineligible to run for another term because of new legislation introducing term limits.

## Career outside legislature

During his service in the House and while out of office, he served as head of the Jefferson–Belmont Regional Solid Waste Authority and in various voluntary positions in Belmont County.

## Family

Cera is married with two daughters.