OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marie-Andrée Gill

Marie-Andrée Gill (born 1986) is a Canadian poet from the community of Mashteuiatsh, in the Saguenay region, in Quebec, Canada.

## Education

Gill is a master's student at the University of Quebec in Chicoutimi. In her work, she explores literary creation and its relationship to oral language and its territoriality.

## Publications

Marie-Andrée Gill is the author of multiple poetry collections published by Éditions de La Peuplade. Her poetry combines her Illnue and Québécoise sensibilities and balances ideas of "kitsch and existential."
About Frayer, jury reviewer and poet Louise Dupré wrote: "Marie-Andrée Gill makes a voice of great singularity heard, which questions her genealogy and faces obstacles by seeking Attentive to the contradictions of desire, this book bears witness to an intense presence, in tension between the personal and the collective, realism and dreams, prosaism and poetic invention, fragility and revolt, gentleness and insolence, the past and the future, hope and non-hope. Frayer asks very fair questions about the world we have inherited."
In a review of Spawn, Steven W. Beattie focused on Gill's interest in describing her subjects with the scantest of words. Her directness is understood when she writes about the claustrophobia of life on a reservation—“get me out of these fifteen square kilometres" and the conditions that the colonial system imposed upon her—“I am a village that didn’t have a choice.” The poems follow the life cycle of an ouananiche—a type of salmon—where Gill juxtaposes nature poetry with pop-culture references.
Her work appears in anthologies and magazines such as Estuaire, Le Sabord, Poème Sale, Sirale, Guernica Magazine, and Tupelo Quarterly in both English and French.

## Published collections

* Béante (2012)
* Frayer (2015), English translation Spawn (2020) (translated by Kristen Renee Miller)
* Chauffer le dehors (2019), English translation Heating the Outdoors (2023) (translated by Kristen Renee Miller)

## Selected honours

* 2012, finalist, Prix du Gouverneur-Général for Béante.
* 2013, Poetry Literary Prize, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean Book Fair for Béante.
* 2015, finalist, Prix Émile-Nelligan for Frayer.
* 2013, Poetry Literary Prize, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean Book Fair for Frayer.
* 2018, Indigenous Voices Award
* 2020, Best Published Poetry in French, Indigenous Voices Awards for Chauffer le dehors.
# Aymar de Lairon

Aymar de Lairon (died 1219), also Adeymar, Adémar or Aimerich, was the lord of Caesarea in right of his wife from at least 1193 until her death between 1213 and 1216. During this period he was a prominent figure in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. As a widower he became the marshal of the Knights Hospitaller until his own death in battle.

## Lord of Caesarea

Aymar witnessed a charter of Count Henry II of Champagne, husband of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem, in 1193, subscribing as Azemarus Cesariensis dominus ("Aymar, Caesarean lord"). He subscribed a second royal act with the same title the next year (1194). The wife in whose right he held the title, Juliana, is not herself recorded as the lady of Caesarea until 1197, when together they confirmed a grant made by her brother, Walter II, on his deathbed. Between 1201 and 1213 he and his wife jointly issued a number of charters.
Aymar was a leading baron of the Kingdom of Jerusalem during the reigns of Henry (1192–97), Aimery (1197–1205) and John (1210–15). He witnessed royal charters in 1193, 1194, 1200, 1211 and 1212. He also witnessed a charter issued the regent John of Ibelin in 1206. In 1208 he was part of the embassy dispatched to France by the Haute Cour to find a suitable husband for the young queen, Maria. He was present when that husband, John, was crowned at Tyre in 1210.
In 1212–13, Juliana and Aymar, "because of poverty" (compulsi penuria), took out of a pair of loans from the Hospitallers. In the first loan, houses in Acre and Tyre, as well as the casale (plural casalia) of Turcarme, were put up as collateral in return for 2,000 bezants. In the second, the casalia of Capharlet, Samarita and Bubalorum were put up for 1,000 bezants. Juliana never appears in a charter again after the loan of October 1213.

## Knight Hospitaller

In February 1216, Aymar first signs a charter not as the lord of Caesarea, but as the marshal of the Hospital. Juliana must have died in the interim, and as she was to be buried in a Hospitaller cemetery as a lay sister, it might be that Aymar had entered the order himself as a brother. He was still their marshal as late as October 1218, when he accompanied King John in the invasion of Egypt in support of the Fifth Crusade. According to the Estoire de Eracles, Aymar and the king led an attack on the Egyptian forces at the Siege of Damietta. According to Oliver of Paderborn, at Damietta thirty-three Knights Templar were either captured or killed alongside the marshal of the Hospital in 1219.
The Estoire records that Aymar had a nephew of the same name when alluding to his death in 1219. With Juliana he also left a son, Roger de Lairon, whose niece Agnes, from outremer (i.e. overseas, Europe), married Gilles de Beirut, according to the Lignages d'Outremer.
# Antarès (OPd-56-39-22D)

The Antarès (OPd-56-39-22D) was a French multistage rocket designed by ONERA for reentry studies. In the late 1950s, the study of missile warhead reentry necessitated the development of a more robust rocket than the existing OR, VD and OPd series. The Antarès rocket, designated OPd-56-39-22D during its developmental phase, was designed to facilitate the study of kinetic heating on objects flying at speeds up to Mach 7.

## Description

Measuring 12.2 meters in length and boasting a takeoff weight of up to 1785 kg, the rocket consisted of four stages. Three of these stages were ignited in an upward trajectory, reaching altitudes of up to 150 km, while the fourth stage accelerated the payload during its descent. Utilizing all four stages during ascent, Antares had the capability to send a payload of 35 kg to an altitude of 280 km.
The first stage featured a SEPR 734-1 Vesuve motor with a diameter of 56 cm and a length of 3.5 m, delivering a total impulse of 1025 kNs with less than 5 seconds burn time. The second stage, known as the sustainer stage Neptune, measured 39 cm in diameter and 3.2 m in length, providing 630 kNs with 32 seconds burn time. The third stage was a SEPR 685-4 Mimosa, 2.6 m long and 20 cm in diameter, delivering 167 kNs in less with a 5 seconds burn time. The fourth stage Mélanie motor was attached to the payload, measuring 22 cm in diameter.

## Launches

Between May 2, 1959, and May 13, 1961, a total of thirteen launches took place, with six of them falling under the designation Antarès. Antarès firings were preceded by a unique launch on January 30, 1959, involving the OPd-12-10-D rocket, consisting of an OPd-100 surrounded by three boosters with a diameter of 122 mm.
Antarès launches :
| Date | Launch Site | Mission Description | Apogee (km) |
| 1960 November 25 | Ile du Levant | Re-entry Vehicle test | 150 |
| 1960 November 30 | Ile du Levant | Re-entry Vehicle test | 150 |
| 1961 March 3 | Ile du Levant | Re-entry Vehicle test | 150 |
| 1961 March 6 | Ile du Levant | Re-entry Vehicle test | 150 |
| 1961 March 7 | Ile du Levant | Re-entry Vehicle test | 150 |
| 1961 May 13 | Hammaguira | Ionosphere mission | 280 |
# Trachymetopon

Trachymetopon is an extinct genus of prehistoric coelacanth from the Jurassic of Europe. Fossils have been found in the Early Jurassic Posidonia Shale of Germany the Middle Jurassic Marnes de Dives of France, and probably the Late Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay of England. Only one species has been named, Trachymetopon liassicum, described by Henning in 1951 from an almost complete specimen found in the Lower Toarcian of Ohmden in Baden-Württemberg. Another specimen is known from the same site, and two older specimens come from the Sinemurian of Holzmaden. The holotype of this species is 1.6 metres (5 ft 3 in) in length. A giant specimen of an undetermined species of Trachymetopon found at the Middle Jurassic (Late Callovian) Falaises des Vaches Noires of Normandy. This specimen, composed of a 53 cm long palatoquadrate, belongs to an individual 4 metres (13 ft) in length. A basisphenoid found in a museum in Switzerland that likely originates from the same locaity probably belonged to an individual around 5 m (16 ft) long, making Trachymetopon the largest of all coelacanths alongside Mawsonia. A study published in 2015 revealed that this coelacanth belongs to the Mawsoniidae. Trachymetopon is one of the few known mawsoniids to have been exclusively marine (with an indeterminate form from the Triassic of France), while most of the other members of the group have lived in fresh and brackish waters.

## Phylogeny

A phylogenetic analysis of the mawsoniids published in 2020 found a polytomy grouping together Trachymetopon and the Cretaceous genera “Lualabaea”, Axelrodichthys, and Mawsonia. The genus “Lualabaea” could be congeneric with Axelrodichthys.
# SPITBOL

SPITBOL (Speedy Implementation of SNOBOL) is a compiled implementation of the SNOBOL4 programming language. Originally targeted for the IBM System/360 and System/370 family of computers, it has now been ported to most major microprocessors including the SPARC. It was created by Robert Dewar and Ken Belcher, who were then at the Illinois Institute of Technology.
Prior to the development of SPITBOL, SNOBOL4 was thought to be slow, memory-intensive, and impossible to compile due to its dynamic nature. While delayed binding prevents everything from being determined at compile time, SPITBOL adopts various strategies for making decisions as early as possible. Recent versions of the SPITBOL compiler are available. Since 2001 the source code for the original SPITBOL 360 compiler has been made available under the GNU General Public License.
MACRO SPITBOL is an implementation of SPITBOL written in the 1970s by Robert Dewar and Anthony P. McCann. MACRO SPITBOL is coded in MINIMAL, an assembly language for an abstract machine. The instruction set is carefully defined to allow some latitude in its implementation, so that hardware operations favorable to string processing can be exploited.
An implementation of MINIMAL that was designed for interpretation on microcomputers was done by translating MINIMAL into MICRAL using a translator that was itself implemented in SPITBOL. The MICRAL version of MACRO SPITBOL, together with the MICRAL interpreter ran in under 40K bytes. This extreme object code compression of MICRAL is achieved using a set of machine code macro substitutions that minimizes the space required for the object code and macro table. The complexity of known algorithms for an optimal solution to this problem are high, but efficient heuristics attain near-optimal results.
The source code for MACRO SPITBOL was released under the GNU General Public License on April 17, 2009.
# Kauko Paananen

Kauko Paananen (7 October 1924 – 20 December 2001) was a Finnish equestrian. He competed in two events at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Thiemo

Thiemo (Thimo, also called Dietmar or Theodemarus; c. 1040 – 28 September 1101/02) was Archbishop of Salzburg from 1090 until his death.

## Life

A scion of the Bavarian comital House of Vornbach (Formbach), Thiemo reportedly was a talented painter and sculptor. He entered the Benedictine abbey of Niederaltaich and in 1077 became abbot of the St. Peter's Monastery in Salzburg.
Under Archbishop Gebhard, he was caught up in the fierce Investiture Controversy as a papal supporter in opposition to German king Henry IV. While Henry had the archbishop expelled, Thiemo likewise, in 1081, went into exile, at first to Mönchsdeggingen and Hirsau Abbey in Swabia, later to Admont, Styria.
In 1086 Thiemo was able to return to Salzburg, together with Gebhard, whom he succeeded after his death two years later. Elected archbishop on 25 March 1090, he received the holy orders on April 7, confirmed by Pope Urban II.
In 1095 Thiemo attended the Council of Piacenza, while a domestic conflict with anti-bishop Count Berthold of Moosburg, who had been appointed by Henry IV in 1085, continued. He was defeated by Berthold's troops in 1097 and escaped to Carinthia, where he was arrested at Friesach by the forces of the Gurk bishop. Freed by a loyal monk, Thiemo found a refuge in the diocese of befriended Bishop Gebhard of Constance at Petershausen Abbey.
In 1101 Thiemo decided to join Duke William IX of Aquitaine on his crusade to Palestine and did not return. Several traditions concerning his death exist. He may have been taken captive by the Seljuqs of Rûm at Ereğli (Heraclea) in Anatolia in September 1101 or was imprisoned by the Fatimid Caliphate at Ashkelon in the following year. His martyrdom is described being tortured and killed by pulling the intestines out of his body with a spindle.
He was never canonized by the Catholic Church. His name day is 28 September.
# Dechloromonas agitata strain CKB

Dechloromonas agitata strain CKB is a dissimilatory perchlorate reducing bacterium (DRPB) that was isolated from paper mill waste. Strain CKB is a Gram negative, facultative anaerobe belonging to the Betaproteobacteria. The cells of strain CKB are highly motile and possess a single polar flagellum. D. agitata can couple the oxidation of several electron donors such as acetate, propionate, butyrate, lactate, succinate, fumarate, malate or yeast extract to electron acceptors such as oxygen, chlorate, perchlorate, ferrous iron, sulfide, and reduced humic substances like 2,6-anthrahydroquinone disulfonate. Unlike other perchlorate reducers, strain CKB cannot grow by nitrate reduction, which suggests that the pathways of nitrate and perchlorate reduction are distinct and unrelated, contrary to what previous research had shown.

## Biological perchlorate reduction by strain CKB

Strain CKB can reduce chlorate and perchlorate (collectively known as (per)chlorate) completely to chloride. The first step of the pathway involves the reduction of (per)chlorate to chlorite via the perchlorate reductase (Pcr) enzyme. Chlorite is then dismutated to molecular oxygen and chloride by the chlorite dismutase (Cld) enzyme. The produced oxygen can then be reduced to water by action of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase. The Cld enzyme, encoded by an 834 bp gene, is 277 amino acids long and includes a 26 amino acid leader peptide. Though expressed at basal levels under aerobic conditions, the cld gene was transcriptionally upregulated when strain CKB cells were grown in (per)chlorate. The Cld enzyme is of particular interest not only because it protects cells from toxic chlorite, but also because it is one of only a handful of systems capable of producing molecular oxygen.
# Morik

Morik may refer to:
* Benjamin Morik [de] (born 1968), German actor
* Katharina Morik (born 1956), German computer scientist
* Michelle Morik [it] (born 1990), Austrian skier
* Morik the Rogue, fictional character in fantasy novels by R. A. Salvatore
* Morik, Yazidi settlement in Syria's Hama Governorate; see List of Yazidi settlements
# Trichomegaly

Trichomegaly is a condition in which the eyelashes are abnormally long, objectively defined as 12mm or greater in the central area and 8mm in the peripheral. The term was first used by H. Gray in 1944 in a publication in the Stanford Medical Bulletin, though he was only the third person to characterize the disorder; the first two reports were published in German in 1926 and 1931 by Reiter and Bab, respectively. Gray suggested the use of the term "movie lashes" to describe this condition, for long lashes were at the time being portrayed in film as a desirable characteristic in women.
The condition does not always present a medical issue and can sometimes be a benign familial or isolated trait. The presence of excessively long or lush lashes in healthy individuals is likely under-reported as it is an aesthetically pleasing facial feature and usually does not prompt diagnosis or treatment on its own.

## Etiology

There are several causal agents for this disorder; these can be divided into three main categories and include the following:

### Congenital Syndromes

* Oliver–McFarlane syndrome
* Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
* Cone-rod dystrophy
* Tetralogy of Fallot
* Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome
* Goldstein Hutt Syndrome
* Phylloid hypomelanosis
* Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome

### Acquired disorders

* Areata alopecia
* Connective tissue disorders, such as
** Lupus
** Dermatomyositis
** Hen fever
** Atopic dermatitis
* HIV/AIDS
* Renal metastatic Adenocarcinoma
* Eating disorders, such as Anorexia nervosa
* Pregnancy

### Drugs

* Prostaglandin analogues
* Cetuximab
* Bimatoprost, Latanoprost
* Phenytoin
* Minoxidil
* Ciclosporin
* Topiramate
* Streptomycin
* Systemic corticosteroids
* Penicillamine

## Diagnosis

The objective definition of eyelash trichomegaly is having lashes which measure 12 mm or longer. However, lashes displaying increased curl, pigmentation, and thickness have also been included in the diagnosis of the condition.
# Wilfried Geeroms

Wilfried Geeroms (14 July 1941 – 4 May 1999) was a Belgian hurdler. He competed in the 400 metres hurdles at the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Government Medical College, Shahdol

Birsa Munda Government Medical College, Shahdol is a full-fledged tertiary Medical college in Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh. It was established in the year 2018. The college imparts the degree of Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS). Nursing and para-medical courses are also offered. The college is affiliated to Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University and is recognized by National Medical Commission. The selection to the college is done on the basis of merit through National Eligibility and Entrance Test.

## Courses

Government Medical College, Shahdol undertakes the education and training of students MBBS courses.
# Surco Intrabético

The Intrabaetic Basin (Spanish: Surco Intrabético or Depresión Intrabética) is a discontinuous series of valleys in the Baetic System of Andalusia, Spain.

## Description

The Intrabaetic Basin is a series of intermontane basins that separate the Penibaetic System to its south from the Subbaetic System to the north. These basins run more or less parallel to the Mediterranean coast. Together, these valleys constitute a route from western Andalusia and the valley of the Guadalquivir to the Spanish Levante, the eastern Mediterranean coastal region of Spain. From west to east, the basins of the Depression of Ronda, the Hoya of Antequera, the Depression of Granada, the Hoya of Guadix, the Hoya of Baza, the Hoya of Huéscar, and the Hoya of Lorca.
The valleys of the Intrabaetic Basin stand in contrast to the adjacent mountain ridges that define their collective border and the rocky spurs—formed of limestone, and yielding a dry, nearly treeless landscape—that separate them from one another in that they are formed of soft materials such as clays, silts and conglomerates. Soils are deep and suitable for agriculture, but the limiting factor to human activity is the scarcity of water.
The Intrabaetic Basin formed at the end Oligocene and beginning of the Miocene, as the Baetic ranges were being formed. It is believed that at that time the entire Baetic system was surrounded by water, and the basin formed a single, continuous valley, sometimes referred to as the Baetic Depression. Later, the spurs crossing the basin were raised up, turning it into a series of separate valleys.
The valleys of the Intrabaetic Basin are quite heterogeneous, although all are sedimentary basins. The Depression of Ronda, the westernmost of the valleys, falls fully within the Cordillera Penibética. The Hoya of Antequera is intimately related to the original Baetic Depression: it was a great gulf of the sea that separated the Sierra Morena from the Andalusian ranges. The Depression of Granada is intermediate between the Penibético and Subbético. Finally the Hoyas of Guadix, Baza and Huéscar are more related to the Subbético.
The Intrabaetic Basin provides a route for the Autovía A-92 that connects Seville to Almería, passing through Antequera, Granada, and Guadix. Its branch Autovía A-92N passes through Cúllar and Baza to Puerto Lumbreras, where it meets Autovía A-7, which, in turn continues to Murcia and the Spanish Levante.
# Maksis Kazāks

Maksis Kazāks (10 May 1912 – 19 June 1983) was a Latvian basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He also participated in EuroBasket 1939, where Latvia won the silver medal.
# Kimmo Tarkkio

Kimmo Juhani Tarkkio (born 15 January 1966) is a retired Finnish footballer who played as a striker. After retiring, he took up billiards.

## International career

Tarkkio made his debut with the Finnish national team on the 21 February 1986, in a 0–0 friendly draw with Bahrain. On 13 January 1989, Tarkkio scored his first goal for Finland in their 2–1 friendly loss to Egypt at the Cairo International Stadium in Cairo.
Tarkkio played his last game for the Huuhkajat on 14 November 1992, against France in a 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifier. Tarkkio finished his international career with 33 caps and scoring 3 goals.

### International goals

| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 13 January 1989 | Cairo International Stadium, Cairo, Egypt | Egypt | 1 – 1 | 2 – 1 | Friendly |
| 2 | 23 August 1989 | Savon Sanomat Areena, Kuopio, Finland | Yugoslavia | 1 – 0 | 2 – 2 | Friendly |
| 3 | 10 March 1990 | Tampa Stadium, Tampa, United States | United States | 1 – 1 | 2 – 1 | Friendly |
| Correct as of 7 October 2015 |||||||
# Frank Markham Skipworth

Frank Markham Skipworth (30 July 1854 – 10 March 1929) was an English painter who specialized in portraits, genre scenes, and occasional historical subjects, usually featuring women. Born in Caistor, Lincolnshire, he studied first at the Lincoln School of Art, then under Edward Poynter at the Royal Academy Schools for three years (1879–1882), and briefly under Adolphe William Bouguereau and Tony Robert-Fleury in Paris (1883–1884). He lived in the Chelsea district of London and exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1883 to 1916.
In 1882 he married Allison Skipworth, then 19 years old, who went on to become an accomplished stage and screen actress. The two were very poor, and Allison Skipworth later remarked that she had gone into acting to keep from starving to death. Frank Skipworth died in Tooting, south London, in 1929.
# Valvoja

Valvoja (Finnish: Observer) was a Finnish language literary and cultural magazine that existed between 1880 and 1922.

## History and profile

Valvoja was launched in 1880 by a group of individuals who would become prominent academics and politicians, including Arvid Järnefelt and Ernst Gustaf Palmen. The magazine was significantly influenced by a Danish magazine, Tilskueren. The founding group adhered to classical liberalism and supported the ideas of John Stuart Mill and Charles Darwin. However, the magazine editors did not endorse naturalism.
Helmi Krohn and Thiodolf Rein served as the editors-in-chief of the magazine. Juhani Aho, who was one of the early professional Finnish language authors, contributed to the magazine. Another contributor was a member of Young Finns, Yrjö Koskelainen. Valvoja was instrumental in reintroducing the views of Anders Chydenius who was among the pioneers of liberalism in Sweden and Finland.
The magazine ceased publication in 1922.