OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2021 U Sports Men's Volleyball Championship

The 2021 U Sports Men's Volleyball Championship was scheduled to be held March 19–21, 2021, in Brandon, Manitoba, to determine a national champion for the 2020–21 U Sports men's volleyball season. However, the due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, it was announced on October 15, 2020, that the tournament was cancelled. It was the second consecutive year that the national championship was cancelled due to the pandemic.

## Host

The tournament was scheduled to be played at Richardson Gymnasium at Brandon University. It would have been the first time that Brandon University had hosted the men's tournament. Instead, Brandon was awarded the 2025 hosting rights to compensate for the cancelled tournament this year.

## Scheduled teams

* Canada West Representative
* OUA Representative
* RSEQ Representative
* Host (Brandon Bobcats)
* One assigned berth from Canada West
* Two assigned berths from OUA
* One assigned berth from RSEQ
# Fahmida Quader

Fahmida Quader is a Justice of the High Court Division of the Bangladesh Supreme Court. She is the former Tangail District and Session Judge.

## Early life

Quader was born on 8 June 1966. Her father, Abdul Kader Talukder, was the Joint Secretary of the Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs. She did her SSC at Agrani Balika Bidyalay and HSC at Holy Cross College, Dhaka. She did her bachelor of law and master of law from the University of Dhaka. She is married to retired District Judge Md. Maqbul Ahsan.

## Career

Quader joined the judicial branch of the Bangladesh Civil Service and was appointed an assistant Judge on 11 December 1991.
Quader was promoted to District Judge on 9 February 2015. She is the vice-chairman of the Women Judge's Association of Bangladesh.
Quader was appointed an additional judge of the High Court Division on 31 July 2022. She and the 10 other newly appointed judges paid tribute to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at his mausoleum in Gopalganj. In November, Justice S. M. Kuddus Zaman and Quader granted conditional bail to two trustee board members of North South University, M. A. Kashem and Rehana Rahman, in a three billion BDT money laundering case.
Justice S. M. Kuddus Zaman and Quader stayed a Digital Security Act case against singer Rita Dewan for "derogatory" comments about religion in January 2023.
# Bernardino Pedroto

António Carlos Bernardino Pedroto (born 19 October 1953) is a Portuguese former footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, and is a manager.

## Playing career

Born in Lisbon, Pedroto started playing football with local S.L. Benfica. He began training with the first team in the 1972–73 season, which ended in Primeira Liga conquest, but his only league appearance for the club only came the following campaign.
After leaving Benfica, Pedroto represented always in the top division, where he amassed totals of 226 matches and 28 goals during 13 seasons, Vitória de Guimarães (two spells), C.S. Marítimo and Portimonense SC, retiring in June 1986 at nearly 33; with Vitória, he also appeared in three UEFA Cup editions.

## Coaching career

Pedroto's first job as a head coach in the professionals was in 1990–91, as he led Sport Benfica e Castelo Branco to the fifth position in the second level, just one point shy of promotion. After one year in the lower leagues with Varzim SC, he was appointed at former club Vitória de Guimarães, helping them finish seventh in the top flight in his only full season.
Pedroto never again finished one season during the rest of his Portugal coaching career at the professional level, with the exception being 1993–94 with Guimarães (seventh place, top division) and 1995–96 with Gil Vicente FC (11th position, same tier). Subsequently, he moved to Angola and signed for Atlético Sport Aviação, winning the Girabola tournament three consecutive seasons (2002–04) and finishing second in 2005.
Pedroto left Aviação in early January 2007, due to financial difficulties. The following day, he was appointed at fellow league side Atlético Petróleos Luanda.
In 2008, Pedroto made history in Angolan football as he won a record four national championships – eventually five – overtaking Mário Calado of Santos Futebol Clube de Angola. As ASA's manager he also conquered four Supercups, another best-ever.
Pedroto left Petro at the end of the 2010 season. He continued to work in the country in the following years, with G.D. Interclube and C.R. Caála.
# Chanpurū

Chanpurū (Japanese: チャンプルー) is an Okinawan stir fry dish. It is considered the representative dish of Okinawan cuisine. Chanpurū generally consists of tofu combined with some kind of vegetable, meat, or fish. Luncheon meat (such as American Spam or Danish Tulip), egg, moyashi (bean sprouts) and gōyā (bitter melon) are some other common ingredients. Spam is not typically used in mainland Japan, but it is more common in Okinawa due primarily to the historical influence of its introduction by the US Navy. Chanpurū is Okinawan for "something mixed" and the word is sometimes used to refer to the culture of Okinawa, as it can be seen as a mixture of traditional Okinawan, Chinese, mainland Japanese, Southeast Asian and North American culture. The term originates from the Malay and Indonesian word campur (pronounced "cham-poor"), meaning "mix".
Long a local specialty only found on Okinawa, chanpurū has in recent years, through television shows and increased interest in Okinawan culture, spread to many restaurants on mainland Japan.

## Types of chanpurū

Gōyā chanpurū is the quintessential chanpurū. It consists of gōyā (bitter melon), egg, tofu, and either Spam or thinly sliced pork. It often also includes vegetables such as carrots.
Tofu chanpurū is tofu stir-fried with vegetables and Spam, bacon, thinly sliced pork belly, or canned tuna. Unlike tofu from mainland Japan, Okinawan tofu is firm and does not fall apart when stir-fried. It is considered best form to crumble the tofu into the frying pan by hand, so as to avoid uniform cubes.
Māmina chanpurū is a version of chanpurū that contains moyashi, or mung bean sprouts.
Fu chanpurū is made using fu, a kind of wheat gluten. It is stir-fried with vegetables and a meat as above.
Sōmen chanpurū (somin chanpurū in Okinawan) includes sōmen, very thin noodles. They are stir-fried lightly in oil with green onions and meat as above.
# Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Thiruvananthapuram

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Thiruvananthapuram, locally known as JNV Chettachal, is a boarding, co-educational school in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala state in India. Navodaya Vidyalayas are funded by the Indian Ministry of education, Govt of India and administered by Navodaya Vidyalaya Smiti, an autonomous body under the ministry.

## History

This school was established in 2001, and is a part of Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya schools. This school's permanent campus is located at village Chettachal, Thiruvananthapuram district. This school is administered and monitored by Hyderabad regional office of Navodaya Vidyalaya Smiti.

## Admission

Admission to JNV Thiruvananthapuram at class VI level is made through selection test conducted by Navodaya Vidyalaya Smiti. The information about test is disseminated and advertised in the district by the office of Thiruvananthapuram district magistrate (Collector), who is also the chairperson of Vidyalya Management Committee.

## Affiliations

JNV Thiruvananthapuram is affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education with affiliation number 940013, following the curriculum prescribed by CBSE.
# Celticecis pubescens

Celticecis pubescens, the hackberry pubescent gall midge, is a species of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae.
# M. Moazzam Husain

M. Moazzam Husain is a judge of the High Court Division of Bangladesh Supreme Court.

## Career

On 21 June 2011, Husain and Justice Md. Ashfaqul Islam issued a contempt of court ruling against the government of Bangladesh for preventing Barrister Nasir Uddin Asim, a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician, and his family from leaving the country despite securing a verdict of the High Court Division that asked the government not to obstruct him from travelling abroad.
Husain and Justice Md Badruzzman rejected a petition against the Rampal Power Plant in October 2013 clearing the way for the construction of the powerplant. In August 2013, Husain and Justice M Enayetur Rahim and Justice Quazi Reza-Ul Hoque issued an order that deregistered Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami with the election commission which effectively banned the party from standing in elections.
In December 2016, Husain and Justice Md Badruzzaman stayed for three months the appointment of Shamim Osman, member of parliament, as the head of the managing committee of Dapa Adorsh High School and asked why the appointment should not be declared illegal.
# .44 S&W American

The .44 S&W American / 11x23mmR (commonly called the .44 American) is an American rimmed centerfire revolver cartridge.

## Description

Used in the Smith & Wesson Model 3, it was introduced around 1869. Between 1871 and 1873, the .44 Model 3 was used as the standard United States Army sidearm. It was also offered in the Merwin Hulbert & Co. Army revolvers.
The cartridge used an outside lubricated heeled bullet, either Boxer or Berdan priming, and both black and smokeless powder loadings. The heeled bullets make the cartridge incompatible with .44 Russian, .44 Special, and .44 Magnum, which was made larger in diameter and longer to cover the exposed part of the bullet.
Its power resembles the .41 Long Colt, .32-20 Winchester, or .44-40 Winchester, and it could be used to hunt small game at short range.
The .44 American ceased to be commercially available around 1940. It can be handloaded by shortening and reforming .41 Magnum cases.
During the gunfight at the O.K. Corral on October 26, 1881, Wyatt Earp carried an 8-inch Model 3 in .44 American. Earp had received the weapon as a gift from Tombstone, Arizona, mayor and Tombstone Epitaph newspaper editor John Clum.
# Pete Schmidt (American football)

Peter J. Schmidt (April 24, 1948 – September 29, 2000) was an American football coach. He was the head football coach at Albion College from 1983 to 1996 and led the school to nine Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) championships and the NCAA Division III Football Championship in 1994. He has also served as the offensive coordinator at Indiana University from 1997 to 1999. Schmidt died in September 2000 at age 52 after a year-long battle with cancer. Schmidt's overall record in 14 years as a college football head coach is 104–27–4. Since 2001, the Pete Schmidt Memorial Scholar-Athlete Award has been presented each year by the MIAA football coaches to an outstanding scholar-athlete at an MIAA school.
Schmidt served as the head football coach for Stockbridge High School and Okemos High School an amassed an overall record of 64–20.

## Head coaching record
### College football

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| Albion Britons (Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association) (1983–1996) ||||||
| 1983 | Albion | 5–4 | 2–3 | T–4th | |
| 1984 | Albion | 5–4 | 3–2 | 3rd | |
| 1985 | Albion | 7–2–1 | 4–0–1 | T–1st | L NCAA Division III First Round |
| 1986 | Albion | 6–2–1 | 3–1–1 | 3rd | |
| 1987 | Albion | 5–4 | 3–2 | 3rd | |
| 1988 | Albion | 6–3 | 3–2 | 3rd | |
| 1989 | Albion | 7–2 | 4–1 | T–1st | |
| 1990 | Albion | 7–1–1 | 4–0–1 | 1st | |
| 1991 | Albion | 8–1–1 | 4–0–1 | T–1st | L NCAA Division III First Round |
| 1992 | Albion | 8–1 | 5–0 | 1st | |
| 1993 | Albion | 10–1 | 5–0 | 1st | L NCAA Division III Quarterfinal |
| 1994 | Albion | 13–0 | 5–0 | 1st | W NCAA Division III Championship |
| 1995 | Albion | 8–1 | 5–0 | 1st | |
| 1996 | Albion | 9–1 | 5–0 | 1st | L NCAA Division III First Round |
| Albion: | Albion: | 104–27–4 | 55–11–4 | | |
| Total: | Total: | 104–27–4 | | | |
| National championship  Conference title  Conference division title or championship game berth ||||||

### High school football

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Stockbridge Panthers (1971) ||||||
| 1971 | Stockbridge | 3–5 | 3–4 | |
| Stockbridge: | Stockbridge: | 3–5 | 3–4 | |
| Okemos Wolves (1974–1981) ||||||
| 1974 | Okemos | 7–4 | 2–4 | |
| 1975 | Okemos | 6–2 | 5–0 | 1st |
| 1976 | Okemos | 9–1 | 7–0 | 1st |
| 1977 | Okemos | 7–1 | 6–1 | |
| 1978 | Okemos | 5–4 | 4–3 | |
| 1979 | Okemos | 9–0 | 6–0 | 1st |
| 1980 | Okemos | 11–1 | 5–0 | 1st |
| 1981 | Okemos | 7–2 | 5–0 | 1st |
| Okemos: | Okemos: | 61–15 | 40–8 | |
| Total: | Total: | 64–20 | | |
| National championship  Conference title  Conference division title or championship game berth ||||||
# Ann Stone Minot

Ann Stone Minot (April 25, 1894 – 1980) was an American biochemist and physiologist.
She was born in Woodsville, New Hampshire, the oldest of six children born to Jonas Minot and Sybil Buck. For their early education, Minot and her siblings attended the Bath Village School, a small three-room schoolhouse. Starting in 1911, Minot matriculated to Smith College with the help of a partial scholarship, where she majored in chemistry and English. She graduated in 1915 with an A.B. degree.
Her first full-time job was as a teacher at Woodsville High School. She was soon hired as a lab assistant at Massachusetts General Hospital, where she remained for five years, acquiring an interest in biochemical and physiological clinical studies. During this period she published eighteen scientific papers, and worked with the biochemical pioneer Willey Denis starting in 1917. In 1920 she returned to school for graduate studies at Radcliffe College, which then functioned as the all-female branch of Harvard College. She investigated lead poisoning for her doctorate, and was awarded a Ph.D. in 1925 with a thesis titled, "Distribution of Lead in the Organism in Acute and Chronic Lead Poisoning".
Following graduation, in 1926 Minot was hired by Dr. Paul D. Lamson as a research associate in the department of pharmacology at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee for a $2,500 annual salary. In 1930 she became an assistant professor of pediatric research at Vanderbilt, investigating the effects of hormones on bone growth and studying fluid balance in infant diarrhea. Her studies led her to an interest in progressive muscle diseases, including myasthenia gravis and muscular dystrophy. In 1938, she became the first to apply guanidine to treat myasthenia gravis. Other topics of research include protein deficiency, Vitamin C deficiency, and tocopherol. She established the Vanderbilt Hospital blood bank in 1940, and it was made her responsibility until 1949 when it was taken over by the Red Cross.
Minot was named associate professor in biochemistry at Vanderbilt in 1943. She remained in pediatric research until 1946, when she became Director of the Clinical Chemistry Lab. In 1948, she was elected to alumni membership of Phi Beta Kappa, Zeta Chapter, for her bone treatment method. Minot was raised to full professorship in 1950, and remained so until 1960 when she retired and was named professor emeritus. She continued as a research associate in endocrinology until finally giving up her research pursuits in 1969 at the age of 75. In total, she published 70 scientific papers.
# Hannibal Penney

Hannibal Penney was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He spent many years performing in films, Shakespearean plays and as a regular on Ryan's Hope. He co-starred alongside William F. McGaha in the 1972 biker film J.C. where he played the part of David Little, a black biker.
He is mostly known to TV viewers as Dr. Clem Moultrie, the tall and handsome neurosurgeon in Ryan's Hope, a role he played from 1975 to 1978.
# Aerosport Woody Pusher

The Aerosport Woody Pusher is a two-seat parasol wing monoplane designed for home building by Harris Woods, based closely on the Curtiss Junior. First marketed in the 1960s, at least 27 were flying by 1980.
One is on display at the Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum, Denver, Colorado, with a 75-hp Continental engine (No. N393EA). Another, N100FQ, is displayed at the Florida Air Museum, Lakeland, Florida.

## Specifications

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1969–70
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Capacity: 1 passenger
* Length: 20 ft 5 in (6.22 m)
* Wingspan: 29 ft 0 in (8.84 m)
* Height: 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m)
* Wing area: 130 sq ft (12 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 630 lb (286 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 1,150 lb (522 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 12 US gal (10.0 imp gal; 45 L)
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental A75 4-cyl. air-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engine, 75 hp (56 kW) typical powerplant
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden fixed pitch propeller
Performance
* Maximum speed: 85 kn (98 mph, 158 km/h) at sea level
* Cruise speed: 76 kn (87 mph, 140 km/h)
* Stall speed: 39 kn (45 mph, 72 km/h)
* Endurance: 2 hr 30 min
* Rate of climb: 600 ft/min (3.0 m/s)
# 2014 Tallahassee Tennis Challenger

The 2014 Tallahassee Tennis Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 15th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tallahassee, Florida, United States between April 28 and May 3, 2014.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank | Seed |
| USA | Donald Young | 74 | 1 |
| USA | Tim Smyczek | 106 | 2 |
| CAN | Peter Polansky | 137 | 3 |
| CAN | Frank Dancevic | 139 | 4 |
| USA | Alex Kuznetsov | 145 | 5 |
| AUT | Gerald Melzer | 148 | 6 |
| GRB | James Ward | 153 | 7 |
| AUS | Nick Kyrgios | 171 | 8 |

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Cristian Gonzalez Mendez
* Collin Altamirano
* Dennis Nevolo
* Jean-Yves Aubone
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Ryan Agar
* Evan King
* Bjorn Fratangelo
* Mitchell Krueger

## Doubles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank | Seed |
| USA | Tim Smyczek | USA | Rhyne Williams | 391 | 1 |
| GRB | David Rice | GRB | Sean Thornley | 433 | 2 |
| CRO | Franko Škugor | CRO | Antonio Veić | 459 | 3 |
| USA | Sekou Bangoura | USA | Evan King | 473 | 4 |

### Other entrants

The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:
* Benjamin Lock / Marco Aurelio Nunez
* Collin Altamirano / Alex Rybakov
* Bjorn Fratangelo / Mitchell Krueger
The following pair received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Philip Lang / Gerald Melzer

## Champions
### Singles

* Robby Ginepri def. Frank Dancevic, 6–3, 6–4

### Doubles

* Ryan Agar / Sebastian Bader def. Bjorn Fratangelo / Mitchell Krueger, 6–4, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$
# Sudamda-Dhandalpur

Sudamda-Dhandalpur is a pair of villages in the Surendranagar district of Gujarat state, western India.

## History

Sudamda-Dhandalpur was a minor princely state of Jhalawar prant, which during the British Raj was handled by the colonial Eastern Kathiawar Agency.
# BH3 interacting-domain death agonist

The BH3 interacting-domain death agonist, or BID, gene is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. Bcl-2 family members share one or more of the four characteristic domains of homology entitled the Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains (named BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4), and can form hetero- or homodimers. Bcl-2 proteins act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities.

## Interactions

BID is a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein containing only the BH3 domain. In response to apoptotic signaling, BID interacts with another Bcl-2 family protein, Bax, leading to the insertion of Bax into organelle membranes, primarily the outer mitochondrial membrane. Bax is believed to interact with, and induce the opening of the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel, VDAC. Alternatively, growing evidence suggest that activated Bax and/or Bak form an oligomeric pore, MAC in the outer membrane. This results in the release of cytochrome c and other pro-apoptotic factors (such as SMAC/DIABLO) from the mitochondria, often referred to as mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, leading to activation of caspases. This defines BID as a direct activator of Bax, a role common to some of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins containing only the BH3 domain.
The anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, including Bcl-2 itself, can bind BID and inhibit BID's ability to activate Bax. As a result, the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins may inhibit apoptosis by sequestering BID, leading to reduced Bax activation.
The expression of BID is upregulated by the tumor suppressor p53, and BID has been shown to be involved in p53-mediated apoptosis. The p53 protein is a transcription factor that, when activated as part of the cell's response to stress, regulates many downstream target genes, including BID. However, p53 also has a transcription-independent role in apoptosis. In particular, p53 interacts with Bax, promoting Bax activation and the insertion of Bax into the mitochondrial membrane.
The BH3 interacting-domain death agonist has been shown to interact with:
* ATR/ATRIP,
* BCL2,
* CASP2,
* CASP8,
* MCL1, and
* RPA.

## Cleavage

Several reports have demonstrated that caspase-8, and its substrate BID, are frequently activated in response to certain apoptotic stimuli in a death receptor-independent manner. N-hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA), a stable intermediate product formed during the conversion of L-arginine to nitric oxide activates caspase-8. Activation of caspase-8, and subsequent BID cleavage participate in cytochrome-c mediated apoptosis. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mediated activation of caspase-9 via cytochrome-c release has been shown to result in the activation of caspase-8 and Bid cleavage. Aspirin and Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) too activate caspase-8 to cleave and translocate Bid, induced a conformational change in and translocation of Bax and cytochrome-c release.
# Hathmati River

The Hathamati River is a river of western India, in Gujarat, whose origin is in the Aravali Range hills. It is one of the left-bank tributaries of the Sabarmati River. The Hathmati river system includes the Hathamati Dam near Himatnagar. The Guhai River is a tributary of the Hathmati River.
Bhiloda and Himatnagar are the main towns on the banks of this river.
In fiscal year 1899–1900, a channel was cut from the Hathmati Canal to the Khari River to capture rainy season overflow for irrigation from the Khari Cut.
# Gino Ferrer Callegari

Gino Ferrer Callegari (born 14 April 1911; died 14 April 1954) was an Italian professional football player and coach.
He played for 10 seasons (198 games, 11 goals) in the Serie A for Padova, Roma, Sampierdarenese, Lucchese and Liguria.
* This biographical article related to association football in Italy, about a midfielder born in the 1910s, is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Yehuda Weisenstein

Yehuda Weisenstein (Hebrew: יהודה וינשטיין; born 11 March 1955), known also as Moshe Yehuda Weinstein, is an Israeli former fencer. He competed in the individual foil event at the 1972 Summer Olympics when he was 17 years old. He was ranked fourth in his pool in round one with two wins (defeating American John Nonna and British fencer Graham Paul) and three losses and advanced to round two, where he lost all five bouts and was eliminated.
He was among several Israeli team members that avoided being captured by terrorists in the Munich massacre. He and four teammates were in apartment 2 of the building at Connollystraße 31, and while the terrorists captured the Israeli residents in nearby apartments 1 and 3, they passed by this apartment, presumably led to believe by one of the kidnapped Israelis that this apartment was not occupied by Israelis. All five residents of apartment 2 managed to leave the building through the balcony and flee to safety.
# Chlorochroa osborni

Chlorochroa osborni is a species of stink bug in the family Pentatomidae. It is found in Central America and North America.