OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA$_1$), formerly known as G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HCAR1 gene. HCA$_1$, like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA$_2$ and HCA$_3$, is a G$_{i/o}$-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The primary endogenous agonist of HCA$_1$ is lactic acid (and its conjugate base, lactate). More recently, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid has been reported to activate HCA$_1$.
Lactate was initially found to activate HCA$_1$ on fat cells and thereby to inhibit these cells lipolysis i.e., break-down of their fats into free fatty acids and glycerol. Subsequent studies have found that in addition to fat cells, HCA$_1$ is expressed on cells in the brain, skeletal muscle, lymphoid tissue, uterus, kidney, liver, and pancreas as well as on immune cells such as macrophages and antigen-presenting cells. In the brain, HCA$_1$ acts to dampen neuron excitation and may also function to promote neurogenesis (the production of neurons from neural stem cells) and angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing blood vessels). The functions of HCA$_1$ in non-fat and non-neural tissues have not been fully defined but in many cases appear to involve promoting the survival of cells, including various types of cancer cells.
# Cicadettana texana

Cicadettana texana is a species of cicada in the family Cicadidae. The species was formerly a member of the genus Cicadetta.
# Robert Roest

Robert Roest (born 30 October 1969) is a Dutch footballer who played as a defender for FC Utrecht, KSK Beveren, Fortuna Sittard and AGOVV Apeldoorn.
# Graviquake

A graviquake is an earthquake occurring in an extensional tectonic setting, where the gravitational energy stored during the interseismic period is delivered by the collapse of a brittle upper crustal volume, slipping along a normal fault and generating the double couple recorded in the moment tensor solution.
# Sean Jerguson

Sean Jerguson (born February 3, 1972) is an American politician who served in the Georgia House of Representatives from the 22nd district from 2007 to 2012.
Jerguson has served as Mayor of Holly Springs, and Mayor Pro-Tempore of the Holly Springs City Council.
He is a graduate of the Coverdell Leadership Institute and the Regional Leadership Institute.
# John Bettridge

John William Bettridge (March 19, 1910 – December 10, 1975) was an American professional football fullback who played at Sandusky High School and later played for the Ohio State Buckeyes in college. He went on to play for the Cleveland Rams in their first season before being traded to the Chicago Bears. It was his only season. He was the father of Ed Bettridge. He died on December 10, 1975, at the age 65.
# Hector Laing, Baron Laing of Dunphail

Hector Laing, Baron Laing of Dunphail, FRSE, FRSA (12 May 1923 – 21 June 2010) was a Scottish businessman.
The son of Hector Laing Sr and Margaret Norrie Grant was educated at the Loretto School in Musselburgh and Jesus College, Cambridge. Laing served as a tank commander in the Scots Guards between 1942 and 1947, and reached the rank of a Captain. He was mentioned in dispatches and awarded the US Bronze Star during campaign in France in 1944–45.
Laing followed his father, and grandfather Sir Alexander Grant, inventor of the digestive biscuit, into the McVitie & Price biscuit business and in 1947 became a director. The company merged to form United Biscuits, and Laing became managing director in 1964 and served as chairman from 1972 to 1990.
From 1973 to 1991, Laing was Director of the Bank of England. He was Director of the Exxon Corporation from 1984 to 1994.
Laing married Marian Clare, daughter of John Emilius Laurie in 1950; they had three sons.
He was knighted in 1978 and was created a Conservative life peer as Baron Laing of Dunphail, of Dunphail in the County of Moray on 8 February 1991. Laing was also a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
Laing also received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1986.
Lord Laing died on 21 June 2010 after a short illness. Lady Laing died in 2020.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Hector Laing, Baron Laing of Dunphail :
* CoronetCoronet of a Baron
* CrestA Dexter Cubit Arm issuant sleeved per pale Or and Gules, cuff counter-changed, grasping a Dagger proper, hilted and pommelled Or, all palewise.
* EscutcheonPer Pale Or and Gules, a Chief counter-changed.
* SupportersOn either side a Pekinese Dog guardant proper.
* MottoI STAND
# Pterodontia misella

Pterodontia misella is a species of small-headed flies (insects in the family Acroceridae). It is very close in appearance to Pterodontia flavipes, and was considered a synonym of it by Curtis Williams Sabrosky in 1948. However, this synonymy has not been adopted by later authors, and P. misella is still recognised as a distinct species.
# Martin Bieri

Martin Bieri (born (1961-09-25)25 September 1961) is a Swiss wheelchair curler.
He participated in the 2010 Winter Paralympics where Swiss team finished on seventh place.

## Teams

| Season | Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Alternate | Coach | Events |
| 2008–09 | Manfred Bolliger | Martin Bieri | Daniel Meyer | Anton Kehrli | Melanie Villars | Anton Ruesser, Nadia Röthlisberger-Raspe | WWhCC 2009 (10th) |
| 2009–10 | Manfred Bolliger | Claudia Hüttenmoser | Daniel Meyer | Anton Kehrli | Martin Bieri | Nadia Röthlisberger-Raspe | WPG 2010 (7th) |
| 2010–11 | Manfred Bolliger | Claudia Hüttenmoser | Hieronymus Liechtenhan | Daniel Meyer | Martin Bieri | Stephan Pfister | WWhCQ 2010 (5th) |
| 2018–19 | Daniel Meyer | Martin Bieri | Heinz Gertsch | Marianne Läderach | Adela Al-Roumi | | SWhCC 2019 (8th) |
# Ronald Lengkeek

Ronald Lengkeek (born 14 September 1960) is a Dutch former footballer who played all of his career for Sparta Rotterdam.
He also had one appearance for the Netherlands Under-21 team.
He played mostly as a striker but could also play right-wing and attacking midfield.

## Club career

Lengkeek came through the youth ranks of Sparta to become their senior team's all-time top goalscorer since the start of the Eredivisie.
He played European Cup matches with Sparta, 10 games in total (3 goals).
# Altrich

Altrich is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## Geography

Altrich lies some 4 km south of the district seat, Wittlich. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Wittlich-Land, whose seat is in Wittlich, although that town is itself not in the Verbandsgemeinde.

## History

The parish church is consecrated to Saint Andrew. In 952, Altrich had its first documentary mention – even earlier than the neighbouring town of Wittlich. The first mention in writing came as early as 636 in which it was named as Alta Regia.

## Politics
### Municipal council

The council is made up of 16 council members, who were elected by proportional representation at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results:
| Year | SPD | CDU | FWG | Total |
| 2009 | 2 | 5 | 9 | 16 seats |
| 2004 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 16 seats |

### Coat of arms

The German blazon reads: Schild Rot und Weiß gespalten, vorne ein weißes Andreaskreuz, hinten 2 (2:1) rote Kugeln.
The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per pale gules a saltire couped argent, and argent three roundels of the first.
The saltire (X-shaped cross) on the dexter (armsbearer's right, viewer's left) side stands for Saint Andrew, the local church's patron saint who was depicted in the old court seal from 1764. The three roundels on the sinister (armsbearer's left, viewer's right) side refer to a knightly family that named itself after Altrich and whose existence in the 14th century is witnessed. The tinctures gules and argent (red and silver) are a reference to the village's former allegiance to the Electorate of Trier
Altrich was granted the right to bear its own arms in 1971.

## Culture and sightseeing

* Remains of a Roman wall near the Neuenhof (outside Altrich towards Klausen)
* The “Cusanus Columns” from the former parish church, now in the parish garden at Andreasstraße 31
* The “Fat Oak” (dicke Eiche) – a roughly 300-year-old natural monument in the village's southwest (on the Schneidkaul road extension)

## Economy and infrastructure

The municipality has a kindergarten, a single-stream primary school and a multipurpose area with a gymnasium.

## Pictures

* Saint Andrew's Parish Church
* Saint Andrew's Parish Church
* Saint Andrew's Parish Church
* Cusanus Columns
* Alte Eiche (“Fat Oak”)
* Alte Eiche (“Fat Oak”)
* Lands around Altrich
* Lands around Altrich
# World Chess Championship 1934

In 1934, a World Chess Championship was played between challenger Efim Bogoljubow and titleholder Alexander Alekhine, marking a rematch of the previous Championship in 1929. The match was held in various cities and towns in Germany from April 1 to June 14, with Alekhine retaining his title.

## Results

The first player to win six games and score more than 15 points would be Champion.
World Chess Championship Match 1934 :
| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | Wins | Points |
| Efim Bogoljubov (Germany) | ½ | 0 | ½ | 0 | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | 0 | 1 | 0 | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | 0 | 0 | ½ | ½ | ½ | 0 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 0 | ½ | 3 | 10½ |
| Alexander Alekhine (France) | ½ | 1 | ½ | 1 | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | 1 | 0 | 1 | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | 1 | 1 | ½ | ½ | ½ | 1 | ½ | 0 | 0 | 1 | ½ | 8 | 15½ |
Alekhine retained the Championship.
# Bežigrad Stadium

Bežigrad Stadium (Slovene: Bežigrajski stadion, stadion Bežigrad, stadion za Bežigradom), also known as Bežigrad Central Stadium (Slovene: Centralni stadion Bežigrad), is a multi-purpose stadium in Ljubljana, the capital city of Slovenia. It is the oldest stadium in Ljubljana. The stadium has been closed since 2008.
Construction of Bežigrad Stadium for the Roman Catholic youth sport association Orel began in 1925. It was designed by the architect Jože Plečnik. It takes its name from the Bežigrad district in Ljubljana, where it is located.
After World War II, the stadium was predominantly used for football matches, and was the home of the football club NK Olimpija Ljubljana until the club's dissolution in 2005. The newly established club, NK Bežigrad, played at the stadium between 2005 and 2007.

## National team matches

Between 1995 and 2004, Slovenia national football team played 27 matches at the venue.
| Date | Competition | Country | Result | Attendance |
| 11 October 1995 | UEFA Euro 1996 Q | Ukraine | 3–2 | 2,750 |
| 15 November 1995 | UEFA Euro 1996 Q | Croatia | 1–2 | 6,800 |
| 21 May 1995 | Friendly | United Arab Emirates | 2–2 | 2,500 |
| 1 September 1996 | 1998 FIFA World Cup Q | Denmark | 0–2 | 5,000 |
| 10 November 1996 | 1998 FIFA World Cup Q | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1–2 | 3,200 |
| 6 September 1997 | 1998 FIFA World Cup Q | Greece | 0–3 | 4,689 |
| 11 October 1997 | 1998 FIFA World Cup Q | Croatia | 1–3 | 6,000 |
| 10 October 1998 | UEFA Euro 2000 Q | Norway | 1–2 | 6,200 |
| 18 August 1999 | UEFA Euro 2000 Q | Albania | 2–0 | 6,900 |
| 4 September 1999 | UEFA Euro 2000 Q | Georgia | 2–1 | 7,000 |
| 13 November 1999 | UEFA Euro 2000 Q | Ukraine | 2–1 | 9,000 |
| 3 June 2000 | Friendly | Saudi Arabia | 2–0 | 9,000 |
| 11 October 2000 | 2002 FIFA World Cup Q | Switzerland | 2–2 | 6,650 |
| 28 March 2001 | 2002 FIFA World Cup Q | FR Yugoslavia | 1–1 | 9,000 |
| 2 June 2001 | 2002 FIFA World Cup Q | Luxembourg | 2–0 | 4,500 |
| 15 August 2001 | Friendly | Romania | 2–2 | 6,000 |
| 1 September 2001 | 2002 FIFA World Cup Q | Russia | 2–1 | 9,000 |
| 6 October 2001 | 2002 FIFA World Cup Q | Faroe Islands | 3–0 | 8,500 |
| 10 November 2001 | 2002 FIFA World Cup Q | Romania | 2–1 | 9,000 |
| 17 April 2002 | Friendly | Tunisia | 1–0 | 5,500 |
| 17 May 2002 | Friendly | Ghana | 2–0 | 7,000 |
| 7 September 2002 | UEFA Euro 2004 Q | Malta | 3–0 | 7,000 |
| 2 April 2003 | UEFA Euro 2004 Q | Cyprus | 4–1 | 7,000 |
| 6 September 2003 | UEFA Euro 2004 Q | Israel | 3–1 | 8,000 |
| 10 September 2003 | UEFA Euro 2004 Q | France | 0–2 | 8,500 |
| 19 November 2003 | UEFA Euro 2004 Q | Croatia | 0–1 | 8,500 |
| 18 August 2004 | Friendly | Serbia and Montenegro | 1–1 | 5,000 |
# Ashley Gantt

Ashley Viola Gantt (born c. 1984) is an American lawyer, politician, and former schoolteacher. She is the District 109 Representative in the Florida House of Representatives.

## Early life and education

Gantt earned a B.A. in English from the University of Florida in 2007. She joined the Teach For America Mississippi Delta Corps for two years. She taught as a middle school and high school teacher for six years at Miami-Dade County Public Schools before beginning law school. Gantt completed a J.D. at the Shepard Broad College of Law in 2016.
In the 2022 Florida House of Representatives election, she criticized incumbent representative James Bush for voting with Republicans on the recent abortion ban legislation and the Florida Parental Rights in Education Act. On August 23, 2022, she won the Democratic primary for District 109. She was backed by Service Employees International Union and Ruth’s List Florida. Gantt had no opponents in the general election.

## Political career

| | Democratic | Ashley Gantt | 7,385 | 51.75% |
| | Democratic | James Bush III | 6,886 | 48.25% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 14,271 | 100% |
# Persepak Payakumbuh

Persatuan Sepakbola Payakumbuh (simply known as Persepak Payakumbuh or Persepak) is an Indonesian football club based in Payakumbuh, West Sumatra. They currently compete in the Liga 4 and their homeground is Kubugadang Stadium.
# Liva Järnefelt

Olivia (Liva) Järnefelt née Edström (18 March 1876 – 24 June 1971) was a Swedish mezzo-soprano who specialized in opera. In 1897, after appearing at the Royal Swedish Opera as the Third Boy in Mozart's The Magic Flute and making her actual debut as Pantalis in Boito's Mefistofele, she remained with the company until 1926. She performed major roles in several Wagnerian operas as well as in a variety of Italian works. On the occasion of her 25th anniversary with the Royal Opera, she was enthusiastically acclaimed for her performance in the title role of Bizet's Carmen. Appreciated by both her audiences and critics for her clear, full-bodied voice and her outstanding stagecraft, she was awarded the Litteris et Artibus in 1920.

## Early life, family and education

Born on 18 March 1878 in Vänersborg, Olivia Edström was the daughter of Chancellor Johan Edström [sv] and his wife Maria née Nordqvist. Her younger sister, Anna Edström [sv] (1884–1940), also became an opera singer. From 1894 to 1897, she studied voice at the Royal Swedish Academy of Music under Julius Günther. She later studied further under Gillis Bratt [sv] in Stockholm (1904–94) and August Iffert [de] in Vienna. She also studied drama under Signe Hebbe. In 1910, she married the Finnish conductor and composer Armas Järnefelt.

## Career

Edström first appeared on stage at the Royal Opera in 1897 as the Third Boy in Mozart's The Magic Flute. That year she made her official debut as Pantalis in Boito's Mefistofele and also appeared as Frédéric in Mignon by Ambroise Thomas. In 1898, she was engaged by the company and performed there until 1926.
She gained popularity in 1901, singing the title role in Bizet's Carmen. She subsequently sang in several Wagnerian operas: Venus in Tannhäuser, Ortrud in Lohengrin, Magdalena in Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, Brangâne in Tristan und Isolde, Brünnhilde and Fricka in Der Ring des Nibelungen and Kundry in Parsifal. Roles in Italian operas included Azucena in Verdi's Il trovatore, Marcellina in Rossini's The Barber of Seville, Maddalena in Verdi's Rigoletto, Hedwige in Rossini's William Tell and Lola in Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana. She is remembered in particular for singing the title role in Samson and Delilah Saint-Saëns, premiered in 1903, for Amneris in Verdi's Aida, Olga in Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, and in particular for her Carmen, which she last performed to celebrate her 25th anniversary with the company. Initially overshadowed by Matilda Jungstedt's Carmen, she increasingly earned the acclaim of her audiences and critics.
Towards the end of her stage career, Järnefelt often appeared in comic roles such as Annina in Der Rosenkavalier by Richard Strauss, and Quickly in Verdi's Falstaff, receiving praise from her critics for making so much of these smaller roles. She later became a respected voice and drama teacher in Stockholm.
Liva Järnefelt died on 24 June 1971 in Engelbrekt Parish in Stockholm County.

## Awards

Järnefelt was awarded the Litteris et Artibus medal in 1920 for her contributions to Swedish culture. In 1924 she was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
# Orthocephalus saltator

Orthocephalus saltator is a Palearctic species of plant bug in the family Miridae. It is found in Europe as far as the Caspian Sea and Siberia and to the south North Africa. O. saltator feeds on Asteraceae especially Hieracium pilosella and Poaceae
# Martin Brunner

Martin Brunner (born 23 April 1963 in Zürich) is a retired Swiss football goalkeeper, who was capped 36 times for the Swiss national team. He was an unused substitute at the 1994 FIFA World Cup.

## Clubs

* 1983–1994: Grasshopper Club Zürich
* 1994–1999: Lausanne Sports

## Honours
### Grasshoppers

* Swiss Championship: 1983–84, 1989–90, 1990–91
* Swiss Cup: 1987–88, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1993–94
* Swiss Super Cup: 1989
# Minderlittgen

Minderlittgen (in Eifel dialect: Mannerleehtchen) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## Geography

The municipality lies in the Eifel and belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Wittlich-Land, whose seat is in Wittlich, although that town is itself not in the Verbandsgemeinde.

## History

In 912, Minderlittgen had its first documentary mention as Lutiaco from King Karl III. The placename's base form is Lutiacum. Over the ages, it has had many names:
* 912 Lutiaco
* 1152 Minoris Lideche
* 1330 Minre-Lyethge
* 1503 Minnerlietge
* 1569 Minderlietigh
* 1728 Minderlötig
Until 1147, St. Maximin's Abbey was the landholder in Minderlittgen. Thereafter the village was held by the Electorate of Trier. Beginning in 1794, Minderlittgen lay under French rule. In 1814 it was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna. Since 1947, it has been part of the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

## Politics
### Municipal council

The council is made up of 12 council members, who were elected by proportional representation at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results:
| Year | CDU | WG Bauer | WG Nober | WG Hecking | Gesamt |
| 2009 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 12 seats |

### Coat of arms

The municipality's arms might be described thus: Per pale argent a cross gules surmounted by a fleur-de-lis of the field and argent two pallets gules and a canton azure.

## Culture and sightseeing
### Clubs

The municipality of Minderlittgen currently has a volunteer fire brigade, a music club, a men's singing club (together with Hupperath), a sport club (Spielvereinigung Minderlittgen-Hupperath e. V.), a tennis club, a church choir, a Möhnen club (association of women who participate in the festivities on Fat Thursday, or Weiberfastnacht) and a church building club at its disposal.

### Regular events

* Kappensitzung: a Carnival event staged by the music and sport clubs.
* Möhnensitzung: a Carnival event staged by the Möhnen club.
* Carnival parade on Shrove Tuesday
* Sportfest, staged by the sport club (in Hupperath)
* Kermis with music club's concert evening
# Georges Salmon

Georges Salmon (1 June 1933 – 8 November 2023) was a Belgian long jumper and hurdler affiliated with RFC Liège Athlétisme [fr]. He once participated in the European Athletics Championships and ten times in the Belgian Athletics Championships, winning ten national titles in four different events.

## Biography

Born on 1 June 1933, Salmon was a five-time Belgian champion in long jump and set the national record on multiple occasions. His personal best, a jump of 7.63 meters, stood for six years until it was broken by Philippe Housiaux. He took part in the 1958 European Athletics Championships in Stockholm in long jump and 110 metres hurdles. He was Belgian champion in triple jump in 1952. In 1961, he won the Golden Spike. In 2003, he was awarded the Prix de l'éthique de la ville de Liège.
Georges Salmon died on 8 November 2023, at the age of 90.
# Real Madrid Rugby

Closed departments of Real Madrid :
| Handball | Rugby | Volleyball |
Real Madrid Rugby was the rugby union section of Spanish Real Madrid C.F. Established in 1924, the team achieved 4 unofficial regional titles and 1 Copa del Rey title in 1934, before being closed in 1948.
Although the section is currently extinct, there were some attempts to re-introduce the practise of rugby, but they were not finally carried out, including an unsuccessful agreement with rugby club CRC Madrid to have a team representing them at División de Honor, the first division of Spanish rugby.

## History

The rugby section of Real Madrid was established by some young members of the club, with former footballer Eulogio Aranguren among them. On 10 January 1925, the squad played its first match v. Atlético Madrid in the Stadium Metropolitano, which was won by Real Madrid 27–0. During its first years of existence, Real Madrid Rugby played at different venues, such as Chamartín, El Estadio, El Campo de Los Suizos and Canillejas.
On 25 January 1925, Real Madrid played Infantry Academy of Toledo at Estadio Chamartín, with a new win for Real Madrid by 23–9. After the match, the team was also awarded its first trophy.
At regional level, Real Madrid Rugby won four consecutive Campeonato Regional Centro, during the first years of the 1930s.
In 1934, Real Madrid won its first national title, the Copa del Rey de Rugby, after defeating Universitario de Valencia by 14–6. It would be its only title in that competition. Some of the most notable players of that final were fly-half Carlos García San Miguel and Ramón Resines.
After a hiatus due to the Civil War (1936–39), the rugby section of Real Madrid fell in popularity and was discontinued in 1948. In an attempt to bring the sport back to the club, in 2008 Real Madrid made arrangements with rugby club CRC Madrid (also known as CRC Pozuelo) to be represented in the Spanish premier league, División de Honor. When the agreement was about to be signed, president of Real Madrid Ramón Calderón, who had been the main architect of the return of rugby to the club, resigned from his role following allegations of vote-rigging for the confirmation for the financial budget. Real Madrid exploded into a crisis that suspended many projects and operations in the club, including the rugby section.
With the coming of Florentino Pérez to the club for a second term, past negotiations were not resumed. Therefore, rugby section has remained inactive since then.
After that, Atlético de Madrid made a deal with CRC Madrid to have a rugby team in the División de Honor. The CRC squad agreed to use the name, shield and colors of Atlético Madrid during the time the agreement was in force.

## Honours

* Copa del Rey (1): 1934