OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bridge circuit

A bridge circuit is a topology of electrical circuitry in which two circuit branches (usually in parallel with each other) are "bridged" by a third branch connected between the first two branches at some intermediate point along them. The bridge was originally developed for laboratory measurement purposes and one of the intermediate bridging points is often adjustable when so used. Bridge circuits now find many applications, both linear and non-linear, including in instrumentation, filtering and power conversion.
The best-known bridge circuit, the Wheatstone bridge, was invented by Samuel Hunter Christie and popularized by Charles Wheatstone, and is used for measuring resistance. It is constructed from four resistors, two of known values R$_1$ and R$_3$ (see diagram), one whose resistance is to be determined R$_x$, and one which is variable and calibrated R$_2$. Two opposite vertices are connected to a source of electric current, such as a battery, and a galvanometer is connected across the other two vertices. The variable resistor is adjusted until the galvanometer reads zero. It is then known that the ratio between the variable resistor and its neighbour R1 is equal to the ratio between the unknown resistor and its neighbour R3, which enables the value of the unknown resistor to be calculated.
The Wheatstone bridge has also been generalised to measure impedance in AC circuits, and to measure resistance, inductance, capacitance, and dissipation factor separately. Variants are known as the Wien bridge, Maxwell bridge, and Heaviside bridge (used to measure the effect of mutual inductance). All are based on the same principle, which is to compare the output of two potential dividers sharing a common source.
In power supply design, a bridge circuit or bridge rectifier is an arrangement of diodes or similar devices used to rectify an electric current, i.e. to convert it from an unknown or alternating polarity to a direct current of known polarity.
In some motor controllers, an H-bridge is used to control the direction the motor turns.

## Bridge current equation

From the figure to the right, the bridge current is represented as I$_5$
Per Thévenin's theorem, finding the Thévenin equivalent circuit which is connected to the bridge load R$_5$ and using the arbitrary current flow I$_5$, we have:
Thevenin Source (V$_{th}$) is given by the formula:
$V_{th}=\left({\frac {R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}}-{\frac {R_{4}}{R_{3}+R_{4}}}\right)\times U$
and the Thevenin resistance (R$_{th}$):
$R_{th}={\frac {(R_{1}+R_{3})\times (R_{2}+R_{4})}{R_{1}+R_{3}+R_{2}+R_{4}}}$
Therefore, the current flow (I$_5$) through the bridge is given by Ohm's law:
$I_{5}={\frac {V_{th}}{R_{th}+R_{5}}}$
and the voltage (V$_5$) across the load (R$_5$) is given by the voltage divider formula:
$V_{5}={\frac {R_{5}}{R_{th}+R_{5}}}\times V_{th}$
# Kahogo no Kahoko

Kahogo no Kahoko (過保護のカホコ) (Overprotected Kahoko) is a 2017 Japanese television drama, starring Mitsuki Takahata, Ryoma Takeuchi, Hitomi Kuroki and Saburō Tokitō. It aired on every Wednesday at 22:00 (JST) on NTV from July 12 to September 13, 2017.

## Cast

* Mitsuki Takahata as Kahoko Nemoto
* Hitomi Kuroki as Izumi Nemoto
* Saburō Tokitō as Masataka Nemoto
* Ryoma Takeuchi as Hajime Mugino
* Tokuma Nishioka as Fukushi Namiki
* Yoshiko Mita as Shodai Namiki
* Mari Nishio as Takashi Namiki
* Atom Shukugawa as Atsushi Namiki
* Hiroko Nakajima as Tamaki Namiki
* Jiro Sato as Mamoru Namiki
* Sayu Kubota as Ito Namiki
* Masayo Umezawa as Tae Nemoto
* Sei Hiraizumi as Masaoki Nemoto
* Mari Hamada as Noriko Nemoto
# Renitta Shannon

Renitta Shanbay Shannon (born December 29, 1979) is an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the Georgia House of Representatives. In 2016, Shannon defeated a four-term Democratic incumbent. In January 2017, she was sworn into the Georgia State House of Representatives to represent the 84th district.
In 2017, she came out as bisexual, making her the first bisexual legislator to serve in the Georgia General Assembly.

## Early life

Shannon was born in Florida. After college, she worked in business development for a variety of sectors including mental health and financial services. In a 2019 interview, she said that she spent most of her free time as an activist on racial justice, economic justice, criminal justice, and equality issues, including as an organizer for various progressive grassroots organizations.

## Career

She defeated incumbent representative Rahn Mayo in the Democratic primaries in 2016, and went on to win the seat unopposed in the 2016 general election.
According to Shannon, she ran for office "to fight for policies that truly support women, working people, and people of color" and has written about improving representation and of electing queer black women into public office.
In her 2019–2020 term, she was appointed the Chair of the House Democratic Criminal Justice Reform Committee and is a member of the Governmental Affairs, Small Business Development, and Insurance committees positions she continued in for her 2021–2022 term, with the addition of the State Planning and Community Affairs Committee.
She ran for Lieutenant Governor of Georgia in the 2022 election.
# Wheelchair fencing at the 2004 Summer Paralympics – Men's foil team

The Men's Foil Team wheelchair fencing competition at the 2004 Summer Paralympics was held on 19 September at the Helliniko Fencing Hall.
The event was won by the team representing China.

## Results
### Competition bracket

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals |
| Hong Kong | 45 | | | | |
| Spain | 6 | | | | |
| Spain | 6 | Hong Kong | 45 | | |
| | | Kuwait | 42 | | |
| Italy | 38 | Kuwait | 42 | | |
| Kuwait | 45 | | | | |
| Kuwait | 45 | | | Hong Kong | 41 |
| | | | | China | 45 |
| China | 45 | | | | | China | 45 |
| United States | 29 | | |
| United States | 29 | China | 45 | Third place | Third place |
| | | Poland | 41 |
| France | 38 | Poland | 41 | Kuwait | 35 |
| Poland | 45 | | | Poland | 45 |

### Classification 5-8

| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Fifth place | Fifth place |
| Spain | 2 |
| Italy | 45 | | |
| Italy | 45 | Italy | 45 |
| | | France | 39 |
| United States | 21 | France | 39 |
| France | 45 | | |
| France | 45 | Third place | Third place |
| | | Spain | 6 |
| | | United States | 45 |

## Team Lists

| China Hu Daoliang Zhang Chong Zhang Lei | Spain Juan Arnau Jesus Fernandez Alejandro Rodriguez | France David Maillard Laurent Francois Moez El Assine Pascal Durand | Hong Kong Chan Kam Loi Fung Ying Ki Hui Charn Hung Kwong Wai Ip |
| Italy Alberto Serafini Alessio Sarri Alberto Pellegrini Gerardo Mari | Kuwait Mohammad Almansouri Tariq Al Qallaf Abdulwahab Alsaedi | Poland Tomasz Walisiewicz Dariusz Pender Stefan Makowski Piotr Czop | United States Gerard Moreno John Rodgers Mario Rodriguez Gary van der Wege |
# WSCF-FM

WSCF-FM (91.9 MHz) is a radio station broadcasting a contemporary Christian radio format. Licensed to Vero Beach, Florida, the station has been owned since 1990 by Treasure Coast Educational Media, Inc. Christian FM also broadcasts on 96.3 FM in Port St. Lucie. In 2011, the station moved its facilities near to I-95 in Vero Beach, Florida. Prior to its current facilities, the station operated from the Central Assembly of God's main campus, located just west of the Indian River Mall. The station's transmitter is located behind the church.
WSCF-FM began broadcasts on February 1, 1990, and was the first contemporary Christian radio station to serve the Treasure Coast and Space Coast areas of Florida.
WSCF-FM also serves as the flagship station for the Christian FM Networks, which serves scores of stations across the US with Christian music and personalities. Christian FM Networks syndicates the format and programming via Dial Global.
# Rifasutenizol

Rifasutenizol is an investigational new drug developed by TenNor Therapeutics, primarily aimed at treating Helicobacter pylori infections. It is a novel multi-targeting small molecule that functions as a bacterial DNA-directed RNA polymerase inhibitor. This drug has been granted Qualified Infectious Disease Product and Fast Track designations by the U.S. FDA.
# De Horst, Drenthe

De Horst is a hamlet in the Netherlands and it is part of the Noordenveld municipality in Drenthe.
De Horst is not a statistical unit, and has been placed under the postal code for Peize. It contains about 20 houses. It has no place signs, and is indicated by the street signs. It was first mentioned in 1479 as "ter Horst gehieten inden karspele van Peyse" (the settled height in the community of Peize)
# Noordenveld

Noordenveld (Dutch pronunciation: ) is a municipality in the northeastern part of the Netherlands.

## Population centres

* Altena
* Alteveer
* Amerika
* Boerlaan
* De Horst
* De Pol
* Een
* Een-West
* Foxwolde
* Huis ter Heide
* Langelo
* Leutingewolde
* Lieveren
* Matsloot
* Nietap
* Nieuw-Roden
* Norg
* Norgervaart
* Peest
* Peize
* Peizermade
* Peizerwold
* Roden
* Roderesch
* Roderwolde
* Sandebuur
* Steenbergen
* Terheijl
* Veenhuizen
* Westervelde
* Zuidvelde.

## Water Board Noordenveld

Noordenveld is also the name of a former Water Board, which had its office in Roden. Water Board Noordenveld arose from the Water Boards of Leutingewolde (1866-1967), De Zuidermaden (1914-1967), De Weehorst (1917-1967), De Peizer en Eeldermaden (1928-1984) and Matsloot-Roderwolde (1933-1984).
In 1995, Water Board Noordenveld was merged into Water Board Noorderzijlvest, based in Onderdendam.

## Notable people

* Hindericus Scheepstra (1859 in Roden – 1913) a Dutch writer, wrote children's book series Ot en Sien (1902).
* Jan Britstra (1905 in Norg – 1987) a Dutch hurdler, competed in the 110 metres hurdles at the 1928 Summer Olympics
* J. P. Kuiper (1922 in Norg – 1985) a professor of social medicine, promoted the idea of unconditional basic income
* Harm Kuipers (born 1947 in Vries) academic, former speed skater and racing cyclist
# Aldwâld

Aldwâld (Dutch: Oudwoude) is a village in Noardeast-Fryslân municipality in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It had a population of around 832 in January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland municipality.
The village was first mentioned in 1444 as Oldewolde, and means old forest. Aldwâld is a linear settlement with two centres which developed during land cultivation in the Late Middle Ages. The Dutch Reformed church was built in the 15th century using material from its predecessor. The tower dates from 1880. In 1840, Aldwâld was home to 287 people.
The village's official name was changed from Oudwoude to Aldwâld in 2023.

## Gallery

* Primary school Aldwâld
* Protestant church Aldwâld
* Aldwâld village sign
* Foarwei and Jan Binnenswei crossing
* Aldwâld association building
* Vicarage
# Nes, Noardeast-Fryslân

Nes is a village in Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands, with a population of around 376 in January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Dongeradeel municipality.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1369 as Nesse and means headland. Nes is a terp (artificial living mound) village from the early middle ages with a rectangular structure with three paths. The Dutch Reformed church dates from the 12th century, and the tower was added slightly later. The building was restored in 1974.
In 1840, Nes was home to 538 people.

## Notable inhabitants

* Nynke van Hichtum (1860–1939), children's author

## Gallery

* Street view
* House in Nes
* Former school
* Statue of Nynke van Hichtum
# Ponte Punta Penna Pizzone

Ponte Punta Penna Pizzone also known as Ponte Aldo Moro is a girder bridge that spans Mar Piccolo in Taranto. The total length of the bridge is 1,909 m (6,263 ft). In 1978 it was named in honor of assassinated Italian politician Aldo Moro.
# Foudgum

Foudgum is a small village in Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland, Netherlands. It had a population of around 72 as of January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Dongeradeel municipality.
The village was first mentioned in 944 as Fotdenheim. The etymology is unclear. Foudgum is a terp (artificial living mound) village which is relatively in its original shape. There four paths leading to the church which is located on top of the mound. During the 19th century, part of the terp was excavated. The original church was demolished in the 19th century and replaced in 1808. It's currently in use a wedding location. In 1840, Foudgum was home to 112 people.

## Gallery

* Clergy house
* Farms around the terp
* View on Foudgum
# Brantgum

Brantgum is a village in Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It had a population of around 236 in January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Dongeradeel municipality.

## History

The village was first mentioned in the 13th century as Brontegum, and means "settlement of the people of Brand (person)". Brantgum is a terp (artificial living mound) village with a radial structure which probably dates from several centuries Before Christ. The Dutch Reformed church dates from the 12th century and was extended during the 15th and 16th century. Between 1876 and 1877, the neoclassical tower was added.
In 1840, Brantgum was home to 295 people. In 1852, the terp was cut in two by the construction of the main road from Dokkum to Holwerd. The southern part of the terp was excavated during the late-19th century. Brantgum probably had a school since 1540, however it was closed in 2014–2015 due to lack of students.

## Notable people

* Ids Wiersma [nl] (1878–1965), painter and draughtsman

## Gallery

* Houses in Brantgum
* Main road
* Welcome to Brantgum
* Statue of Ids Wiersma [nl] by Gosse Dam [nl]
# Yauheni Zharnasek

Yauheni Zharnasek (Belarusian: Яўген Жарнасек, born 9 August 1987 in Lepiel), also known as Yevgeny Zhernosek, is a Belarusian weightlifter. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the +105 kg event. In October 2016, the IOC disqualified him from the 2012 Olympics and annulled his result after his Olympic doping sample was retested and failed.
# Laagblokland

Laagblokland is a former hamlet in the Dutch province of South Holland. It was located in the former municipality of Graafstroom, between the villages of Molenaarsgraaf and Ottoland.
Laagblokland was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1857, when it merged with Ottoland.
# Groot-Ammers

Groot-Ammers is a town in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Molenlanden, and is located about 13 km southeast of Gouda on the southside of the Lek River.
In 2001, the town of Groot-Ammers had 2822 inhabitants. The built-up area of the town was 0.56 km², and contained 1059 residences. The statistical area "Groot-Ammers", which also includes the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 3100.

## History

The first mention of Groot-Ammers dates back to 1042. The lords of Liesvelt built their castle around that time as one of the largest and strongest castles of the Netherlands. The surroundings of the castle, including Groot-Ammers, stood under the influence of these lords.
Willem Frederik of Nassau bought the barony of Liesvelt in 1636.
In modern times the barony of Liesvelt became the municipality of Groot-Ammers. In 1986 Groot-Ammers and bordering municipalities aggregated to form the municipality of Liesveld, which on 1 January 2019 merged with Giessenlanden to form Molenlanden.
Notably, Groot-Ammers boasts the Headquarters of International Heavy transport company Van der Vlist.
# Gelkenes

Gelkenes is a hamlet in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Molenlanden, and lies about 12 km southeast of Gouda, on the southside of the Lek River.
The statistical area "Gelkenes", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 300.
# Witteveen, Midden-Drenthe

Witteveen (Dutch pronunciation:; English: White Bog) is a village in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is a part of the municipality of Midden-Drenthe, and lies about 16 km northeast of Hoogeveen.
The village was first mentioned in 1856 as "het Witteveen", and means "white peat". In 1926, the peat was excavated as part of a project for the unemployed. 50 houses were built to house the workers. In 1929, a small Dutch Reformed church was built. The church is nowadays used as a residential home.

## Gallery

* Former clergy house
* Welcome to Witteveen
# Eursinge, Midden-Drenthe

Eursinge is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is a part of the municipality of Midden-Drenthe and lies about 16 km northeast of Hoogeveen.
The statistical area "Eursinge", which can also include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 60.
# Elp

Elp is a small village in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is a part of the municipality of Midden-Drenthe, and lies about 15 km south of Assen.
The village was first mentioned in 1362 as "in Elpe". The etymology is unclear.
Elp was home to 243 people in 1840.
The Elp culture was named after the village.
# Brunsting

Brunsting is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is a part of the municipality of Midden-Drenthe, and lies about 16 km south of Assen.
The statistical area "Brunsting", which can also include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 100.
# Teerns

Teerns (West Frisian: Tearns) is a hamlet in Leeuwarden municipality in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It had a population of around 17 in 2005. The hamlet is often referred as Hempens-Teerns, because it forms a twin settlement with Hempens.

## History

The hamlet was first mentioned in 1397 as "to Terynse". The etymology is unclear. Teerns was originally a terp (artificial living mound) village. The church and tower had existed as early as 1718. The church was demolished in 18th century probably around 1735, and the bell tower was removed in 1878. In 1840, Teerns was home to 40 people. In 1872, the terp was excavated, and the former centre has disappeared at the construction of the A31 motorway. Nowadays Teerns consists of about 9 houses.
# Paal, Netherlands

Paal is a hamlet in the southwest Netherlands. It is a part of the municipality of Hulst, Zeeland, and is located 35 km north of Antwerp, Belgium.
The village was first mentioned in 1847 as Paal (De), and refers to a beacon. From at least 1676 until 1874 there was a ferry to Bergen op Zoom at the location.
Paal used to be a fishing village which specialised in mussels. It was home to 412 people in 1840. In 1979, the dike was enlarged and the old harbour disappeared. In 1980, a marina was built instead.
Paal used to be part of the municipality of Graauw en Langendam. In 2003, it was merged into Hulst.

## Gallery

* Harbour of Paal
* View on the Verdronken Land van Saeftinghe [nl] and the nuclear power plant of Doel
# Rõuge Suurjärv

Rõuge Suurjärv is a lake in Rõuge Parish, Võru County, Estonia. It is the deepest Estonian lake with a maximal depth of 38 m (125 ft) and an area of 13.5 ha (33 acres).
# Oosternieland

Oosternieland is a village in the municipality of Het Hogeland, Groningen, the Netherlands. It is located just north of Zijldijk, along the N46 road between the city of Groningen and the Eemshaven seaport. It had a population of around 100 in January 2017.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1448 as "Enghelbert up den Nyen lande", and means "eastern new land". Oost (east) has been added to distinguish from Westernieland. The land was reclaimed after a dike was built in 1317. The village has a terp (artificial living hill) which contains a church from the 13th century. It used to have a tower, but it was demolished in 1822, and a ridge turret was place on the church instead.
Oosternieland was home to 308 people in 1840. It was part of Uithuizermeeden municipality before 1979, when it became part of Hefshuizen. In 2019, it became part of the municipality of Het Hogeland.

## Gallery

* Canal view
* Farm in Oosternieland
# Mildam

Mildam (West Frisian: Mildaam) is a village in Heerenveen in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It had a population of around 685 in January 2017.
Louis Le Roy's "eco-cathedral" is located here. There is a windmill in the village, De Tjongermolen.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1523 as tho Meyledam, and either means middle dam or dam of Meila (person). Mildam developed in the 18th century near a place where the Tjonger [nl] river could be crossed. Nowadays, it is more of a suburb of Heerenveen. The current Dutch Reformed church was rebuilt in 1726. In 1840, Mildam was home to 297 people.
The Tjongermolen is a polder mill built in 1983 to replace a ruinous mill from 1869.
Before 1934, Mildam was part of the Schoterland municipality.

## Gallery

* Church and bell tower
* Welcome to Mildam
* Sailing boat statue
* Windmill De Tjongermolen
# Mendarozketa

Mendarozketa (Spanish: Mendarózqueta) is a hamlet and concejo in the municipality of Zigoitia, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.
# Emmermeer

Emmermeer is a neighbourhood of the city of Emmen in Drenthe, the Netherlands. It was a former lake near Emmen.
# Chaetostoma

Chaetostoma, also known as the bristlemouth catfish, is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America with one species, C. fischeri, extending into Panama. Most species inhabit flowing rivers in the lower Andes and its foothills. Some species are kept in unheated aquaria.

## Species

These are the currently recognized species in this genus:
* Chaetostoma aburrensis (Posada, 1909)
* Chaetostoma anale (Fowler, 1943)
* Chaetostoma anomalum Regan, 1903
* Chaetostoma bifurcum Lujan, Meza-Vargas, Astudillo-Clavijo, Barriga-S. & López-Fernández, 2015
* Chaetostoma branickii Steindachner, 1881
* Chaetostoma breve Regan, 1904
* Chaetostoma brevilabiatum Dahl, 1942
* Chaetostoma carrioni (Norman, 1935)
* Chaetostoma changae Salcedo, 2006
* Chaetostoma chimu Urbano-Bonilla & Ballen, 2020
* Chaetostoma daidalmatos Salcedo, 2006
* Chaetostoma dermorhynchum Boulenger, 1887
* Chaetostoma dorsale C. H. Eigenmann, 1922
* Chaetostoma dupouii Fernández-Yépez, 1945
* Chaetostoma fischeri Steindachner, 1879
* Chaetostoma floridablancaensis Ardila Rodríguez, 2013
* Chaetostoma formosae Ballen, 2011
* Chaetostoma guairense Steindachner, 1881
* Chaetostoma jegui Rapp Py-Daniel, 1991
* Chaetostoma joropo Ballen, Urbano-Bonilla & Maldonado-Ocampo, 2016
* Chaetostoma lepturum Regan, 1912
* Chaetostoma leucomelas C. H. Eigenmann, 1918
* Chaetostoma lexa (Salcedo, 2013)
* Chaetostoma lineopunctatum C. H. Eigenmann & W. R. Allen, 1942
* Chaetostoma loborhynchos Tschudi, 1846
* Chaetostoma machiquense Fernández-Yépez & Martín Salazar, 1953
* Chaetostoma marginatum Regan, 1904
* Chaetostoma marmorescens C. H. Eigenmann & W. R. Allen, 1942
* Chaetostoma microps Günther, 1864
* Chaetostoma milesi Fowler, 1941
* Chaetostoma niveum Fowler, 1944
* Chaetostoma nudirostre Lütken, 1874
* Chaetostoma orientale Meza-Vargas, Calegari, Lujan, Ballen, Oyakawa, Sousa, Rapp Py-Daniel and Reis, 2022
* Chaetostoma palmeri Regan, 1912
* Chaetostoma patiae Fowler, 1945
* Chaetostoma paucispinis Regan, 1912
* Chaetostoma pearsei C. H. Eigenmann, 1920
* Chaetostoma platyrhynchus Fowler, 1943
* Chaetostoma sovichthys L. P. Schultz, 1944
* Chaetostoma spondylus Salcedo & H. Ortega, 2015
* Chaetostoma stannii Lütken, 1874
* Chaetostoma stroumpoulos Salcedo, 2006
* Chaetostoma tachiraense L. P. Schultz, 1944
* Chaetostoma taczanowskii Steindachner, 1882
* Chaetostoma thomsoni Regan, 1904
* Chaetostoma trimaculineum Lujan, Meza-Vargas, Astudillo-Clavijo, Barriga-S. & López-Fernández, 2015
* Chaetostoma vagum Fowler, 1943
* Chaetostoma vasquezi Lasso A. & Provenzano, 1998
* Chaetostoma venezuelae (L. P. Schultz, 1944)
* Chaetostoma yurubiense Ceas & Page, 1996
# Nikiforowszczyzna

Nikiforowszczyzna is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dubicze Cerkiewne, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Dubicze Cerkiewne, 15 km (9 mi) south of Hajnówka, and 63 km (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Białystok.