OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lemon socialism

Lemon socialism is a pejorative term for a form of government intervention in which government subsidies go to weak or failing firms (lemons; see Lemon law), with the effective result that the government (and thus the taxpayer) absorbs part or all of the recipient's losses. The term derives from the conception that in socialism the government may nationalize a company in its entirety, while in lemon socialism the company is allowed to keep its profits but its losses are shifted to the taxpayer. As ersatz capitalism, it may also refer to Joseph Stiglitz's assessment of neo-liberalism, cartelization and rent-seeking in the American economy, "run for and by the powerful".
Such payments may be made with the intent of preventing further, systemic damage to what might otherwise be considered a free marketplace. For example, the bailout that followed the 2008 financial crisis may be described as lemon socialism. The pejorative arises from the belief among free market economists that in a functional free market, failing companies would be replaced by better functioning companies in response to market demand.
The term may also be used to describe government efforts to nationalize companies or industries, in which the government takes over failing companies without taking over healthy companies. Advocates of free markets may then point to the faltering, nationalized enterprises as examples of how government regulation hurts business.

## Origin

Mark Green coined the phrase in a 1974 article discussing the utility company Con Ed.
The sentiment was earlier expressed in the adage "socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor", which was in use by the 1960s, though the notion of privatizing profits and socializing losses dates at least to 1834 and Andrew Jackson's closing of the Second Bank of the United States.
Joseph Stiglitz used the term ersatz capitalism to describe a similar approach by Barack Obama.

## Other languages

In Icelandic, lemon socialism is known as Sósíalismi andskotans, meaning "the devil's socialism", a term coined by Vilmundur Jónsson (1889–1971, Iceland's Surgeon General) in the 1930s to criticize alleged crony capitalism in Landsbanki, which gained renewed currency in the debate over the 2008–2012 Icelandic financial crisis. Lemon socialism, or more precisely crony capitalism, is also referred to as Pilsfaldakapítalismi, meaning "skirt capitalism", pilsfaldur being the hemline of the skirt; and the term referring to children hiding behind their mothers' skirts after having done something wrong to criticize the alleged lack of transparency in dealings and reluctance to deal with bad consequences by themselves.
# Neurocordulia xanthosoma

Neurocordulia xanthosoma, also called the orange shadowdragon, is a species of emerald dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. It is found in North America.
The IUCN conservation status of Neurocordulia xanthosoma is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable.
# Walter Waldner

Walter Waldner (2 May 1929 – 3 April 2008) was an Austrian sprint canoeist who competed in the late 1950s. At the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, he finished sixth in the C-2 1000 m and eighth in the C-2 10000 m event.
# When I Was a Bachelor

"When I Was a Bachelor" is an English nursery rhyme.

## Lyrics

One of the most commonly used modern versions of the rhyme is:
   When I was a bachelor I lived by myself, And all the bread and cheese I got I laid upon the shelf; The rats and the mice, they made such a strife, I had to go to London to buy me a wife.
   The streets were so bad and the lanes were so narrow, I was forced to bring my wife home in a wheelbarrow. The wheelbarrow broke and my wife had a fall; Down came wheelbarrow, little wife and all.
# Avalon station

Avalon station may refer to:
* Avalon station (Los Angeles Metro), a light rail station in the Los Angeles area
* Avalon North Station, a residential high-rise building in Boston
* Avalon (RTA Rapid Transit station), a light rail station in Shaker Heights, Ohio
* Avalon station (Sound Transit), a future light rail station in Seattle
* Avalon station (Wisconsin)
# Lasius latipes

Lasius latipes is a species of ant in the genus Lasius. It is native to the United States. It is a temporary social parasite, which means queens typically invade nests of Lasius neoniger to begin their own colony.
# Robert Bothereau

Robert Eugène Amilcar Bothereau (22 February 1901 - 31 May 1985) was a French trade union leader. He was the secretary general of Workers' Force from 1948 to 1963.
Born in Baule, Bothereau worked on the family's vineyard while his father fought in World War I, then completed an apprenticeship as a car mechanic. He joined the Metalworkers' Federation, an affiliate of the General Confederation of Labour (CGT). He undertook his compulsory military service in Orleans, then afterwards remained there, working as a car mechanic. As he was employed by the government, he joined the local union of state workers, soon becoming its deputy secretary, and also serving on the committee of the Orleans trades council. He began to do much work for the departmental CGT union, and in 1929, was elected as its secretary.
CGT membership in the department grew under Bothereau, and his skills were recognised by CGT leader Léon Jouhaux. in 1933, he was appointed to the CGT executive, where he worked closely with Jouhaux, his responsibilities including labour issues, relationships with the departmental unions, and publication of La Voix du Peuple.
Bothereau was called up at the start of World War II, but remained supportive of the CGT line, denouncing the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, and trying to maintain activity in spite of increasing government restrictions. In 1940, René Belin led a minority of the CGT into collaboration with the Vichy government, and Bothereau met with Belin against Jouhaux's advice, but ultimately decided to side with the resistance. In 1941, he secretly relocated to northern France, jointly leading the underground northern section of the CGT with Louis Saillant and Albert Gazier, while running the workshop at a training centre in Paris.
The CGT was established legally following the liberation of France, and Bothereau returned to its executive, resigning in 1947 and working with Jouhaux to form Workers' Force (FO), established in April 1948. Jouhaux opted to become president of FO, leaving the post of general secretary open to Bothereau. The federation remained fairly small under his leadership, priding itself on its independence from political parties, and its affiliation to the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions.
Bothereau retired in 1963, serving on the general council of the Bank of France, and from 1964 to 1967 was a Conseiller d'État. He then retired to Beaugency, where he was elected to the local council as an independent, becoming deputy mayor.
# Lygistorrhina sanctaecatharinae

Lygistorrhina sanctaecatharinae is a species of long-beaked fungus gnat in the family Lygistorrhinidae. It is found in North America.
# Wilhelm Hawlik

Wilhelm Hawlik (born 19 July 1909, date of death unknown) was an Austrian water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Frank Minnifield

Frank LyDale Minnifield (born January 1, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back for the Cleveland Browns in the National Football League (NFL) from 1984 to 1992. He played college football for the Louisville Cardinals.

## Early life

Minnifield attended Henry Clay High School in Lexington, Kentucky.

## College career

Considered too small for college football at just 5'9" and 140 pounds, he walked on to the football team at the University of Louisville, earning a scholarship spot for his final three years. As a junior in 1981, he led the nation in average yards per kickoff return (30.4) and led his team in punt returns.

## Professional career

After graduation in 1982, Minnifield joined the Chicago Blitz (later the Arizona Wranglers) of the USFL. He successfully sued the Wranglers for the right to move to the NFL, and signed as a free agent with the Browns in 1984. Minnifield became a fixture at cornerback for Cleveland and was named to the Pro Bowl four straight years from 1986 to 1989. Known for his aggressive bump-and-run coverage and hard hitting style, he was named to the NFL 1980s All-Decade Team as selected by voters of the Pro Football Hall of Fame. He and fellow cornerback Hanford Dixon named the Dawg Pound cheering section at Cleveland Stadium.

## Personal

Upon retirement, Minnifield founded Minnifield All-Pro Homes, a homebuilding company in Lexington. In 1993, he became the first African American executive named to the Lexington Chamber of Commerce Board, and as of 2000, he was the only African American home builder in Lexington.
Minnifield's son, Chase, played in the NFL as a cornerback for the Washington Redskins.
# Martin Haldbo Hansen

Martin Haldbo Hansen (born 2 February 1969 in Frederikssund) is a Danish rower. Together with Lars Christensen he finished fourth in the double sculls at the 1996 Olympics.
# Epaphroditidae

Epaphroditidae is a family of the Mantodea, containing species found in Africa and the Caribbean. Before 2015, it had been placed as the subfamily Epaphroditinae, in the Hymenopodidae, but is now excluded.

## Subfamilies and genera

The Mantodea Species File lists two subfamilies containing the genera:

### Epaphroditinae
#### tribe Callimantini

* Callimantis Stal, 1877 - monotypic (C. antillarum Saussure, 1859)

#### tribe Epaphroditini

* Epaphrodita Serville, 1831

### Gonatistinae

* Gonatista Saussure, 1869
* Gonatistella Giglio-Tos, 1915 - monotypic (G. nigropicta Westwood, 1889)

### Now moved

* Brancsikia Saussure & Zehntner, 1895 is in the new (2019) family Majangidae.
# Mickaël Bouloux

Mickaël Bouloux, born 16 August 1972 in Dinan, is a French politician. He is a member of the Socialist Party, and was the mayor of Le Rheu from 2015 to 2022 and elected as deputy for Ille-et-Vilaine's 8th constituency in the 2022 election as part of the NUPES group. He retained his seat in the 2024 election, winning in the first round.

## Early life

Bouloux was born on 16 August 1972 in Dinan, to a father who worked at the arsenal of the military port of Cherbourg and a mother who worked for the Post Office.
He completed the Classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles in Rennes and the École supérieure d’électricité, from which he graduated in 1995, with a degree in computer science. He worked as an engineer at Orange.
# Henrylygus nubilus

Henrylygus nubilus is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Agonum corvus

Agonum corvus is a species of ground beetle from Platyninae subfamily. It was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1860 and is endemic to the United States.
# Wilhelm Huberts (footballer, born 1947)

Wilhelm Huberts (born 7 March 1947) is an Austrian footballer. He played in three matches for the Austria national football team in 1970.
# Eudesma

Eudesma is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There is one described species in Eudesma, E. undulata.
# Ilse Uyttersprot

Ilse Uyttersprot (10 May 1967 – 4 August 2020) was a Belgian Christian Democrat politician who served as a CD&V member of the Chamber of Representatives for East Flanders.
Born in Dendermonde, she was the daughter of Raymond Uyttersprot, former mayor of Moorsel. She was a Chamber member from 2007 to 2010. From 2007 to 2013, she was mayor of Aalst, Belgium. Afterwards, she became a schepen (alderman) of the city.

## Death

Uyttersprot was murdered with a hammer in August 2020, aged 53; her boyfriend turned himself in to the police and admitted the crime, after which her body was discovered in an apartment in Aalst. She is survived by two children.
# Batagolla

Batagolla is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province. It is where people made groups against British
# Hans Raastad

Hans Raastad (born 8 May 1943 in Skien) was a leader of the Workers' Youth League in Norway from 1969 - 1971. He succeeded Ola Teigen.
# Scybalicus

Scybalicus is a genus in the beetle family Carabidae. There are at least three described species in Scybalicus.

## Species

These three species belong to the genus Scybalicus:
* Scybalicus kabylianus (Reiche, 1862) (Algeria and Tunisia)
* Scybalicus minoricensis J. & E.Vives, 1994 (Spain and Baleares)
* Scybalicus oblongiusculus (Dejean, 1829) (Palearctic)
# Pteronarcys dorsata

Pteronarcys dorsata, the American salmonfly, is a species of giant stonefly in the family Pteronarcyidae. It is found in North America. Larvae feed on algae, but adults don't eat at all. They are known to release a noxious fluid from joints in the legs or play dead when menaced and are primarily nocturnal. Adults are active in spring and summer and the species is the biggest stonefly in North America.
# Anchonoderus schaefferi

Anchonoderus schaefferi is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.
# Karel Antonie Godin de Beaufort

Karel Anthonie Godin de Beaufort (16 January 1850, Utrecht – 7 April 1921, Maarsbergen) was a Dutch politician.
# Karl Knorring

Karl Fyodorovich Knorring (Russian: Карл Фёдорович фон Кнорринг; 22 May 1746 - 12 February 1820) was a lieutenant-general of the Russian Empire, who served as the inspector of the Caucasian Line from March 1799 to late 1802. He played an important role in the incorporation of Eastern Georgia (Kartli-Kakheti) into the Russian Empire. He was dismissed as a result of being unable to make the area stable, as well as the corruption of his appointed officials. He died after 1805.
# Dryudella

Dryudella is a genus of wasps in the family Astatidae. There are more than 50 described species in Dryudella.

## Species

These 57 species belong to the genus Dryudella:
* Dryudella albohirsuta Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella amenartais (Pulawski, 1959)
* Dryudella aquitana (Pulawski, 1970)
* Dryudella arabica Schmid-Egger, 2014
* Dryudella aralensis Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella beaumonti (Pulawski, 1959)
* Dryudella bella (Cresson, 1881)
* Dryudella bidens Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella bifasciata (von Schulthess, 1926)
* Dryudella caerulea (Cresson, 1881)
* Dryudella deserti Schmid-Egger, 2014
* Dryudella dichoptica Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella elegans (Cresson, 1881)
* Dryudella erythrosoma (Pulawski, 1959)
* Dryudella esterinae Pagliano, 2001
* Dryudella femoralis (Mocsáry, 1877)
* Dryudella flavoundata (Arnold, 1923)
* Dryudella freygessneri (Carl, 1920)
* Dryudella frontalis (Radoszkowski, 1877)
* Dryudella immigrans (F. Williams, 1940)
* Dryudella kaplini Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella kaszabi (Tsuneki, 1971)
* Dryudella kazakhstanica Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella lineata Mocsáry, 1879
* Dryudella lucinda (Nurse, 1904)
* Dryudella maculifrons (Cameron, 1899)
* Dryudella maroccana (Giner Marí, 1946)
* Dryudella millsi Cockerell, 1914
* Dryudella mitjaevi Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella mongolica (Tsuneki, 1971)
* Dryudella montana (Cresson, 1881)
* Dryudella monticola (Giner Marí, 1946)
* Dryudella nephertiti (Pulawski, 1959)
* Dryudella nuristanica (Balthasar, 1957)
* Dryudella obo (Tsuneki, 1971)
* Dryudella opaca (Pulawski, 1959)
* Dryudella orientalis (F. Smith, 1856)
* Dryudella osiriaca (Pulawski, 1959)
* Dryudella pernix F. Parker, 1969
* Dryudella picta (Kohl, 1888)
* Dryudella picticornis (Gussakovskij, 1927)
* Dryudella pinguis (Dahlbom, 1832)
* Dryudella pseudofemoralis Nemkov, 1990
* Dryudella pulawskii Schmid-Egger, 2014
* Dryudella quadripunctata (Radoszkowski, 1877)
* Dryudella rasnitsyni Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella rhimpa F. Parker, 1969
* Dryudella sepulchralis (de Beaumont, 1968)
* Dryudella similis (Gussakovskij, 1927)
* Dryudella stigma (Panzer, 1807)
* Dryudella tegularis (F. Morawitz, 1889)
* Dryudella tobiasi Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella tricolor (Vander Linden, 1829)
* Dryudella unicolor Schmid-Egger, 2014
* Dryudella vanharteni Schmid-Egger, 2014
* Dryudella veronikae Kazenas, 2000
* Dryudella xanthocera (Pulawski, 1961)
# Piezogaster spurcus

Piezogaster spurcus is a species of leaf-footed bug in the family Coreidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Castulo plagiata

Castulo plagiata, the yellow-banded footman, is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in the Australian states of New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania.
The wingspan is about 30 mm. Adult males have black forewings with a yellow band across the middle. The hindwings are yellow with variable black margins.
# Strikeforce: Marquardt vs. Saffiedine

Strikeforce: Marquardt vs. Saffiedine was the final mixed martial arts event held by Strikeforce. The event took place on January 12, 2013 at the Chesapeake Energy Arena in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The event aired live on Showtime.

## Background

This was the final event for Strikeforce before the organization was folded and merged with the UFC.
Luke Rockhold was scheduled to defend his Strikeforce Middleweight Championship for the last time against Lorenz Larkin at this event, but was forced off the card due to injuries. Larkin was instead matched up with former champion Ronaldo Souza in late November, but on December 20, it was announced that UFC middleweight Ed Herman would be facing Souza instead, making him the only person to cross over to fight in Strikeforce while still under a UFC contract.
Gilbert Melendez was scheduled to defend his Strikeforce Lightweight Championship at this event against Pat Healy, but he too was forced out of the bout with an injury. Instead, Healy was matched up with Jorge Masvidal, but after Masvidal suffered a back injury, he was replaced in the Healy bout with promotional newcomer Kurt Holobaugh. The Healy/Masvidal fight would later be rescheduled for UFC on FOX 11 in April 2014, over a year after their move to the UFC after the Strikeforce merger, where Masvidal won via unanimous decision.
AXS TV personality and Inside MMA reporter Ron Kruck handled commentary at this event in place of Mauro Ranallo, who was absent due to a private family matter. Kruck had previously done backstage interviews for Strikeforce preliminary cards broadcast on AXS TV when it was still known as HDNet.

## Results

* ↑ For the Strikeforce Welterweight Championship.

## Reported payout

The following is the reported payout to the fighters as reported to the Oklahoma State Athletic Commission. It does not include sponsor money or any other bonuses.
* Tarec Saffiedine: $39,000 (includes $19,500 win bonus) def. Nate Marquardt: $40,000
* Daniel Cormier: $120,000 (includes $60,000 win bonus) def. Dion Staring: $8,000
* Josh Barnett : $250,000 (no win bonus) def. Nandor Guelmino: $12,000
* Gegard Mousasi: $175,000 (no win bonus) def. Mike Kyle: $25,000
* Ronaldo Souza: $100,500 (includes $28,000 win bonus) def. Ed Herman: $34,000
* Ryan Couture : $22,000 (includes $7,000 win bonus) def. K. J. Noons: $41,000
* Tim Kennedy : $80,000 (includes $25,000 win bonus) def. Trevor Smith: $8,000
* Pat Healy: $42,000 (includes $15,000 win bonus) def. Kurt Holobaugh: $9,000
* Roger Gracie: $94,000 (includes $47,000 win bonus) def. Anthony Smith: $10,000
* Adriano Martins : $16,000 (includes $8,000 win bonus) def. Jorge Gurgel: $10,000
* Estevan Payan : $12,000 (includes $6,000 win bonus) def. Michael Bravo: $6,000
# Banding Island

Banding Island (locally known as Pulau Banding) is an artificial island within the man-made Temenggor Lake, created by the construction of Temenggor Dam in Perak, Malaysia. It is connected to both sides of the lake by the Temenggor Lake Bridge, part of the East-West Highway. A tropical rainforest research centre was set up on the island by Universiti Malaysia Kelantan in collaboration with Pulau Banding Foundation (founded on 7 November 2007).
# Hesperophylax designatus

Hesperophylax designatus, known generally as the silver-striped sedge or giant golden caddis, is a species of northern caddisfly in the family Limnephilidae. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Hesperophylax designatus:
* Hesperophylax designatus designatus$^g$
* Hesperophylax designatus isolatus Banks, 1943$^{icg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Ulpotagama

Ulpotagama is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Ugo Pagliai

Ugo Pagliai (born 13 November 1937) is an Italian actor and voice actor.

## Life and career

In 1958, Pagliai enrolled at the Accademia Nazionale d'Arte Drammatica, starting his career on stage in the early 1960s. He became first known in 1969, thanks to the Giuseppe Fina's critically acclaimed stage play, Ross.
In 1971, he had a major success as the lead actor of the Daniele D'Anza's miniseries, Il segno del comando, and then appeared in a number of other successful RAI TV-series, often directed by D'Anza. He was mainly active onstage, often with his partner, Paola Gassman, the daughter of actors Vittorio Gassman and Nora Ricci. In 1988, Pagliai received a Flaiano Prize for his career.

## Selected filmography

* I complessi (1963) - Failed Applicant (segment "Guglielmo il Dentone") (uncredited)
* Da Berlino l'apocalisse (1967)
* Jerk à Istambul (1967) - Ralph
* Heads or Tails (1969) - Burton
* O Cangaceiro (1970) - Vincenzo Helfen
* Guardami nuda (1972) - Carlo
* The Red Queen Kills Seven Times (1972) - Martin Hoffmann
* La ragazza dalla pelle di luna (1974) - Alberto
* Till Marriage Do Us Part (1974) - Ruggero di Maqueda
* Nuits Rouges (1974) - Paul de Borrego
* Di padre in figlio (1982) - Himself
* Fatal Frames - Fotogrammi mortali (1996) - Commissioner Valenti
* Bagnomaria (1999) - The Mayor
* I giorni dell'amore e dell'odio (2001) - Ten. Col. Barge
* Father of Mercy (2004) - Cardinal Schuster
* Family Game (2007) - Prof. Moroni
* Loro (2018) - Mike Bongiorno
# Mauri Ryömä

Mauri Ryömä (30 October 1911, Helsinki – 28 November 1958) was a Finnish physician and politician.

## Biography

He was a member of the Parliament of Finland, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) from 1936 to 1937 and the Finnish People's Democratic League (SKDL) from 1945 until his death in 1958. He was imprisoned for political reasons from 1940 to 1944. After he was freed in 1944 as a result of the Moscow Armistice of 19 September 1944, he joined the SKDL and the Communist Party of Finland (SKP). He was the son of Hannes Ryömä and he was married to Elvi Sinervo. He died in a car accident four months after having been reelected in the 1958 Finnish parliamentary election.