# List of prisoners of Buchenwald

During the history of Buchenwald concentration camp, thousands of people were imprisoned.

## List of prisoners

* Roy Allen, American pilot
* Jean Améry, Austrian-Belgian writer
* Robert Antelme, French writer
* Jacob Avigdor, before World War II Chief Rabbi of Drohobych, afterward Chief Rabbi of Mexico
* Conrad Baars, psychiatrist
* Fritz Beckhardt, German-Jewish World War I fighter pilot
* Fritz Behr, German politician (SPD, SED), educator and literary scholar who would become mayor of Weimar
* Robert Benoist, French world champion motor racing driver and member of the British Special Operations Executive, executed on 9 September 1944
* Bruno Bettelheim, Jewish Austrian-American child psychologist
* Józef Biniszkiewicz, Polish socialist politician
* Jan Bissinger, German-Polish Forestry Engineer, Polish WWII Fighter
* Léon Blum, Jewish French politician, pre-and post-war long-term French prime minister
* Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Protestant theologian and prominent member of the Confessing Church
* Boris Braun, Croatian University professor
* Rudolf Brazda, the last known surviving homosexual deported to the camps; died in 2011
* Rudolf Breitscheid, former member of the SPD and leader of its faction in the Weimar Reichstag, died in the camp in 1944
* Christopher Burney, British officer and Special Operations Executive (SOE) operative
* Marian Ciepielowski, Polish physician
* Robert Clary, French actor, Corporal Louis LeBeau in the Hogan's Heroes television series
* René Cogny, French general
* Seweryn Franciszek Światopełk-Czetwertyński, Polish politician
* Édouard Daladier, French politician, former head of the French government
* Marcel Dassault, French aviation entrepreneur who founded the Dassault Group
* Hélie de Saint Marc, member of the French resistance, later involved in the attempted Algiers putsch of 1961
* Léon Delarbre, French artist and museum curator
* Laure Diebold, French resistant, Compagnon de la Libération
* Willem Drees, Dutch politician and prime minister, held as hostage in Buchenwald from 1940 to 1941
* Ernest Emanuel Israel Dreyfus, painter who emigrated to London and then to Chicago, Illinois
* Franz Ehrlich, German architect, designer of the Buchenwald entrance gates
* Marian Filar, Polish Jewish concert pianist and virtuoso.
* Ludwik Fleck, Polish serologist and philosopher of science.
* Henri Frager, French resistance member, second in command of CARTE, then head of DONKEYMAN network
* Josef Frank (politician), Czech communist
* Carl Simon Fried, physician, radiologist, poet
* Joseph Friedenson, writer and editor
* Frans Frison, Belgian resister, transported from Breendonk.
* August Froehlich, German Roman Catholic priest active in resistance movement against the National Socialism
* Henry P. Glass, Austrian Architect and Industrial Designer, transferred from Dachau in September 1938, released in January 1939, moved to the US
* Albin Grau, film producer (Nosferatu, 1922)
* Maurice Halbwachs French sociologist, died in the camp in 1945
* Max Hamburger [nl], Dutch psychiatrist
* Bertrand Herz, French engineer, president of IKBD (International Committee Buchenwald Dora and commandos)
* Curt Herzstark inventor of the Curta calculator, hand-held, hand-cranked mechanical calculator
* Heinrich Eduard Jacob, German writer
* Paul-Émile Janson, Belgian politician, former Prime Minister of Belgium, died in the camp in 1944
* Joachim Ernst, Duke of Anhalt, died in Soviet custody in 1947.
* Léon Jouhaux, French trade unionist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate
* Józef Kachel, Scout leader, head of the pre-war Polish Scouting Association in Germany
* Imre Kertész writer, 2002 Nobel Prize in Literature recipient
* Eugen Kogon, anti-Nazi activist, later Christian Socialist, professor, broadcaster and author
* Phillip (Phil) J. Lamason, Squadron Leader, Royal New Zealand Air Force
* Leon Lasota, (born 1921) Polish resistance fighter and political dissident. Successfully escaped the camp after three years of internment. Subsequently assisted the Allies as a translator.
* Yisrael Meir Lau (born 1937), Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israel
* Hermann Leopoldi, Austrian composer and entertainer
* Fritz Löhner-Beda, Austrian lyricist
* Artur London, senior Czech communist and writer, future government minister
* Jacques Lusseyran, blind French memoirist and professor
* Princess Mafalda of Savoy, the daughter of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, died in the camp in 1944.
* Henri Maspero, French Sinologist, pioneering scholar of Taoism, died in the camp in March 1945
* Karl Mayr, Adolf Hitler's immediate superior in an Army Intelligence Division in the Reichswehr, 1919–1920, died in the camp in 1945
* Mel Mermelstein
* Paul Morgan, Austrian actor, died in the camp in 1938
* Joseph F. Moser, American pilot
* Ferdinand Münz (1888-1969), chemist. The inventor of EDTA.
* John H. Noble, American-born gulag survivor and author; Family owner of the Praktica Camera factory, Dresden 1945
* Louis Nouveau, French, member Pat O'Leary escape line
* Andrée Peel, Member of the French resistance
* Rudolf Perth, Austrian politician and Jew 1938.
* Harry Peulevé, an agent of the SOE who managed to escape Buchenwald with F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas.
* Henri Christiaan Pieck, Dutch painter and twin brother of Anton Pieck
* Karl Plättner, Communist
* Paul Rassinier, considered the father of Holocaust denial
* Jean Riboud, French corporate executive and former chairman of Schlumberger
* Jakob Rosenfeld, minister of health under Mao
* Herbert Sandberg, artist, designer, publisher of Ulenspiegel
* Paul Schneider, German pastor, died in the camp in 1939
* Jorge Semprún, Spanish intellectual and politician and culture minister of Spain (1988–91)
* Jura Soyfer, Austrian poet and dramatist, died in the camp in 1939
* Boris Taslitzky (1911- 2005), French painter.
* Ernst Thälmann, leader of the Communist Party of Germany, died in the camp in April 1944
* Jack van der Geest, escapee
* Fred Wander, Austrian writer
* Ernst Wiechert, German writer
* Elie Wiesel, Romanian Jewish French-American writer, 1986 Nobel Peace Prize recipient
* F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas, Royal Air Force Wing Commander and British Special Operations Executive (SOE) agent, codenamed "The White Rabbit"
* Petr Zenkl, Czech National Social Party politician, deputy Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1946–1948)
* Icilio Zuliani, Italian footballer, died after liberation in 1945
* Horia Sima, imprisoned in a humane section of the camp alongside other Iron Guard members