OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pyare Lal Kureel

Pyare Lal Kureel 'Talib' (27 December 1916 – 27 December 1984) was an Indian politician, Urdu poet and Dalit activist.

## Early life

Pyare Lal Kureel was born to Manuva Ram Kureel, who was a subedar-major into British Indian Army, and was also honoured by Imperial Service Order. They left their native place and moved to Lucknow due to various incidents of discrimination against them. His elder brother, Mohanlal Kureel served in the Chamar Regiment and been part of INA.
He did B.A from Forman Christian College (Lahore), MA and also LLB from University of Lucknow and started practicing as a lawyer in the District Court.

## Political career

In 1942 he joined Dr. B. R. Ambedkar's Scheduled Caste Federation and became president of its Lucknow branch. He became a member of the Central Legislative Assembly in the same year and served until 1946. He also became Secretary of the Independent Party in the Central Assembly. Later he gave support to Congress and joined it.
In 1952, he became Member of Parliament from Banda cum Fatehpur constituency sharing seat with Shive Dayal and served until 1957. He also served as the member of Rajya Sabha from Uttar Pradesh.
He also became a member of the Electoral College for Presidential Election in 1982.

## Activism

He joined social service with his father and started foing works for upliftment of Dalits, abolition of the Choudhary system used to do adjucating the cases between communities and also played prominent role against Brahminism. He also built libraries schools and Ravidas temples for own community. He along with Dalit leaders protested against passing of Poona Pact.
Kureel was founder of the All India Scheduled Castes Students's movement at Lucknow for the rights of students of Depressed Classes. Later he founded All India Depressed Classes Association and started his own business and been M.D of Kureel Leather Works Ltd.
In 1948 he became member of District Board Unnao, State Harijan Sahayak Board (U.P) Lucknow, member of Delhi University Court and Governing Body of the Indian School of Mines (Dhanbad).

## Literary career

He also worked as editor of "Jalte Deep" (a monthly film magazine), the "Social Reform" and the "Apna Desh" (a weekly). He was Chairman of Oriental Films Corporation of India Ltd. In 1947 he became President of S.C. Educational and Cultural Society (U.P) and in 1952 of Social Reform Publications Ltd.
He was one of the known poet and his writings include "Nawa-i-Sarosh", "Sarir-e-khama" and "Nala-e-Dard" (Urdu), "The Problem of Minorities" and "What about the sixty millions".
# Bangkung

The bangkung or bangkon is a slashing weapon, meant to deliver hacking-type blows. It is a short sword originating in the Sulu Archipelago of the Philippines. The bangkung was used primarily by the Moro people of the Sulu and is not associated with Moros in other areas such as Mindanao, although it is sometimes found in coastal regions. While the bangkung is a very effective sword, it was not popular unlike the panabas and the pirah and for this reason it is one of the most rarely found Moro edged weapons. Few were produced and even fewer survive.

## Appearance

The unusual shape of the bangkung blade makes it easily identifiable. The overall size of bangkung varies, ranging from 50 to 75 cm (20 to 30 in), although a few shorter and longer specimens have been proposed as examples.

### Blade

The profile of the blade is similar in profile to that of the kampilan, a sword that had much more widespread use among Moro warriors. The bangkung blade as a straight, unsharpened spine and single-sharp edge that is typically straight slightly convex shape, bending upwards toward the tip. The width of the blade tapers in profile with gradual increase in size towards the tip. This has the effect of moving the point of maximum percussion (i.e., directed force of a blow) somewhat forward along the blade. The point of the bangkung blade begins with a curve downward towards the tip. This may be very gradual, with a longer curve as in the "Wharncliff" tip style, or shorter as in the "Sheepsfoot" manner. In all cases, the back, curved portion of the tip is unsharpened. The thickness of the bangkung blade is greatest close to the hilt and then tapers distally towards the tip. Bangkung blades are sharpened on both sides, giving the blade a triangular cross-section. The steel of a bangkung blade is laminated steel, made from layers of differing types of steel that are forged together in the final blade.

### Hilt

The hilt of a bangkung is made of wood. Older bangkung may have a hilt pommel carved as a stylized cockatoo head with beak and crest. Those produced after World War II typically have a horse hoof pommel. Hardwood burl is often used in hilts, but a variety of woods are found. To secure the blade in the hilt, the portion nearest the blade is compressed using a metal sleeve, as on the barung, or tightly wrapped and lacquered rattan bindings.

### Scabbard

The scabbard for a bangkung is typically made of two wooden boards lashed together with braided rattan. The inner part of these boards is carved to allow insertion and proper fit of the blade. As the blade widens towards the tip, so does the scabbard. The Sulu or Palawan types of scabbards are most common, although some basket-type scabbards also exist. These latter scabbards may be non-Moro replacements (e.g., from Basilan in the Sulu Archipelago). Scabbard decoration ranges from very simple carvings to elaborate okir designs.
# Tobias Drevland Lund

Tobias Drevland Lund (born 11 May 1996) is a Norwegian politician.
He was elected representative to the Storting from the constituency of Telemark for the period 2021–2025, for the Red Party.
# Cornelia Razoux Schultz-Metzer

Cornelia Razoux Schultz-Metzer (27 October 1898 – 12 March 1992) was a Dutch feminist and politician who was active in the Dutch East Indies. She was the first female member of the colonial legislature, the Volksraad, where she attempted to introduce women's suffrage.

## Biography

Razoux Schultz-Metzer was born Cornelia Hendrika Metzer in Doesburg in October 1898, the daughter of Cornelia Jansen and Jacobus Metzer, an army officer and swimming pool manager. After earning a diploma at Arnhem teacher training college in 1919, she taught in Arnhem and the Hague. She married François Marie Razoux Schultz in 1922 and the couple moved to Batavia later the same year when François started an engineering job in the city. The couple had four children between 1923 and 1930.
In 1931 Razoux Schultz-Metzer helped establish the Batavian Association of Housewives and the Indo-European Alliance–Women's Organisation (IEV-VO). Like its partner organisation, the Indo Europeesch Verbond, the IEV-VO advocated for European women and children in the territory. She was also a member of the Dutch East Indies branch of the Dutch Association for Women's Interests and Equal Citizenship. Although women's suffrage had been introduced in the Netherlands in 1919, it had not been extended to its colonies and it remained a central agenda item for members of the Association. In 1933 she was awarded the Order of Orange-Nassau.
Razoux Schultz-Metzer was appointed 'commissioner of police of the second class, specially charged with women's and children's affairs' in 1934. The following year, Governor Bonifacius Cornelis de Jonge appointed her as the first female member of the Volksraad. In 1937 she introduced a motion that called for women's suffrage for all population groups in the territory. Although passive suffrage was introduced, allowing women to stand for election, active suffrage was not. She was reappointed to the Volksraad in 1939, but was on holiday in the Netherlands when the country was invaded by Nazi Germany in 1940, preventing her from returning for the duration of the war. Another woman, J. Ch. Neuyen-Hakker, was appointed to the Volksraad in her place.
She joined the board of the East Indies Dutch Red Cross in 1945 and returned to the territory in December 1946. The IEV-VO was renamed the Dutch Indies Social Women's Organisation after the war, before becoming the Dutch Social Women's Association in 1949; she remained its president until the organisation died out. In 1947 she was appointed head of the Social Personnel Department. Following François' death in 1953, she returned to teaching from 1955 to 1968.
She died in the Hague in 1992 at the age of 93.
# Charles-François Angelet

Charles-François Angelet (18 November 1797 – 20 December 1832) was a Flemish pianist and composer.

## Life

Angelet was born in Ghent in 1797; his parents were Robert Angelet, organist of the parish church of Onze-Lieve-Vrouw Sint-Pieterskerk [nl], and his wife Angeline van Wichelen. His father was his first music teacher; at age seven, he gave a concert. Aged seventeen, he was appointed organist of a church in Wetteren, near Ghent.
In 1821 he went to the Conservatoire de Paris; he studied piano with Pierre-Joseph-Guillaume Zimmerman, harmony and accompaniment with Victor Dourlen, and composition with François-Joseph Fétis, the director of the conservatoire, who thought he was a promising composer. In 1822 he won first prize in a piano competition at the conservatoire, and was appointed répétiteur.
He moved to Brussels, where he was a piano teacher at the Royal Music School.
In 1829 he became pianist of the court of William I of the Netherlands. After a period of failing health he died in Ghent in 1832, aged 35.

## Compositions

Angelet wrote a symphony that won a prize in Ghent in 1820. His other compositions are mostly piano music; he also wrote a piano trio and some songs.
Fétis wrote, "Angelet had originality in his ideas, and wrote with elegance and purity".
# Wachs Arena

The Wachs Arena is an 8,057 seat multi-purpose arena in Aberdeen, South Dakota, United States.
The Wachs Arena is home to the Don Meyer Court, named after long-time winning coach Don Meyer. The Arena is located in the Barnett Center; which holds swimming pool, wrestling room, weight room, training room, auxiliary gym, eight locker rooms, classrooms and offices, plus a 160-meter indoor track and a wooden basketball court. It was the Home of a Presidential visit to the Area by President George W. Bush October 31, 2002
# CII

CII or Cii may refer to:
* 102 (number) in Roman numerals
* Calculated Ignition Index, an index of the ignition quality of fuel oil
* Caldera International, Inc., a software company between 2001 and 2002
* Centro Intelligence Interforze, an Italian intelligence agency
* Chaîne d'Information Internationale, former name of TV station France 24
* Chartered Insurance Institute
* Children's Institute International, a child-abuse organisation in Los Angeles
* Coláiste Íde agus Iosef, a school in County Limerick, Ireland
* Colour Index International
* Compagnie internationale pour l'informatique, French computer manufacturer
* Computer-implemented inventions, see software patent
* Confederation of Indian Industry
* Construction Industry Institute
* Core Infrastructure Initiative, a project started by the Linux Foundation to fund critical open source projects
* Council of Islamic Ideology, Pakistan Government
* Cross Industry Invoice, a technical specification developed in UN/CEFACT for creating message syntax used in global exchange between trading partners
* George M. Low Center for Industrial Innovation, a research center at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
# J. Albert Roney Jr.

J. Albert Roney Jr. (died May 12, 1979) was an American politician and judge from Maryland. He served as a member of the Maryland Senate, representing Cecil County from 1963 to 1967.

## Early life

J. Albert Roney Jr. graduated from the University of Maryland School of Law. He was admitted to the bar in 1936.

## Career

Roney worked with Henry A. Warburton in Elkton, Maryland. In 1938, he took over the law practice of Harold E. Cobourn. In 1938, Roney ran for the Democratic nomination for the Maryland House of Delegates, but lost.
J. Albert Roney Jr. served as state's attorney for Cecil County from 1951 to 1962. He served as a Democratic member of the Maryland Senate, representing Cecil County, from 1963 to 1967. He was defeated in the 1966 election.
Roney was appointed as assistant judge of the circuit court on December 18, 1969. He was elected as judge of the circuit court from the second judicial circuit in 1972. He served in that role until his death.
He was a director of Union Hospital.

## Personal life

Roney married Nancy Davis Smith. They had a son and daughter, James A. III and Sayre.
Roney died on May 12, 1979, at the age of 65, in Union Hospital in Elkton. He was buried at North East Methodist Cemetery in North East, Maryland.
# Barong (sword)

The barong is a thick, leaf-shaped, single-edged blade sword. It is a weapon used by Muslim Filipino ethnolinguistic groups like the Tausug, Sama-Bajau, or Yakan in the Southern Philippines.

## Description
### Blade

Barong blades are thick and very heavy with the weight aiding in the slicing capability of the sword. Barong blade lengths range from 8 to 22 inches (20 to 56 cm) as the average blade length is originally 14 inch. Newer blades, on the other hand, tend to be longer measuring at 18 to 22 inches (46 to 56 cm). Damascene patterns are also thick but again most often not as controlled as the more widely known kalis.
* Three examples of 19th-century antique Moro barong

### Hilt (handle)

Most handles have a silver sleeve and lacquered braided fiber rings that sit on top. Nobility hilts were made of ivory, carabao horn, or kamagong (Philippine ebony). Other barong swords have less elaborate hilts and are smaller in size. Common motifs include the cockatoo (kakatua) and the sea serpent (naga). The long metal ferrule is most often made of silver, though copper, brass and swaasa is also used. Barongs used in World War II may also have aluminium ferrules. The ferrule tends to be around 8 cm (3 inches) in length. Often the ferrule will have lacquered braided natural fiber rings to aid in grip. Sometimes these fiber rings were on top of the ferrule, but often what would appear to be a solid metal ferrule would in fact be a number of metal bands that alternate between the fiber bands.
Cockatoo pommels tended to be made of banati. Higher end barongs belonging to the upper classes often had large elaborately carved junggayan (elongated) cockatoos. Barong for the lower classes, and the ones used for fighting, have less elaborate cockatoo pommels of much smaller sizes, often featuring de-emphasized crests or beaks (and on fighting versions mere vestigial elements of the crest and beak motifs). At one period near World War II, cockatoo forms changed. Crests became more triangular, and began to emerge directly from the back of the pommel, whereas older cockatoo had crests that flowed from the butt-plain of the pommel. Also, beaks started to become more massive and rectangular in form. Barong used by juramentados, or those who had taken the rite of Magsabil, often would feature smaller blades with normal size hilts.
* Barong hilts commonly have a metal sleeve (ferrule) and lacquered cord wound around the hilt, for a better grip
* Banati (bunti) is the wood of choice for Muslim barong and kris.

### Scabbard

Older barong scabbards tended only to be partially wrapped with large rattan lashings, while newer barong scabbards feature a full wrap of thin rattan. Also, the scabbards of older barong featured thinner flat boards, whereas post World War II barong scabbards are of much thicker stock, and feature a central ridge line. The terminus on modern-made scabbards tends to turn upward to a more dramatic degree, often at a near 90-degree angle and feature squared tips. As with kris scabbards of the post World War II era, mother of pearl inlays begin to appear at the throat and tips of barong scabbards as well.
# Billie the Vision and the Dancers

Billie the Vision & the Dancers are a Swedish indie band with roots in Malmö, Blekinge, Dalarna and Argentina. The band recorded the first album I Was So Unpopular in School and Now They're Giving Me This Beautiful Bicycle in the spring of 2004. They produce their albums through the company Love will pay the Bills. Free mp3 files of all five albums are available through their website, with an appeal for donations in return. Their song, Summercat, was used in an advert for Spanish lager makers, Estrella Damm. The band were also included in the advert, performing in Formentera. The first airing of the Barcelona-based beer companies advert was in Spain, 2009. It first aired in the UK in the Spring of 2012.

## Biography

Billie the Vision and the Dancers were formed in Malmö, Sweden. They recorded their first album in the spring of 2004. Singer Lars Lindquist started as a soloist but later formed the band.

## Members

* Silvio Arismendi - percussion (2005–present)
* Pontus Janninge - acoustic guitar, vocals (2018–present)
* Sofia Janninge - percussion, violin, vocals (2004–present)
* Gustav Kronkvist - electric guitar (2004–2012, 2016-present)
* Lars Lindquist - vocals, tambourine (2004–present)
* Maria Thenor - bass (2004–present)

### Former members

* John Dunsö - acoustic guitar, backing Vocals (2004–2010)
* Lisa Haglind - accordion, trumpet, synths (2004–2008)
* Frida Brattgård – trumpet, accordion (2008–2012)
* Jon Lindquist - drums (2008–2014)

## Discography

* I Was So Unpopular in School and Now They're Giving Me This Beautiful Bicycle (2004)
* The World According to Pablo (2005)
* Where the Ocean Meets My Hand (2007)
* I Used to Wander These Streets (2008)
* From Burning Hell to Smile and Laughter (2010)
* While You Were Asleep (2012)
* The Key To My Magic World (EP) (2015)
* What's The Matter With You Boy? (2017)
* Billie No Mates (2019)

## Singles

* "A man from Argentina"
* "Ask for More"
* "Scared"
* "So you want me to Bleed"
* "Absolutely, Salutely"
* "Summercat" (2009)
* "Queen of the Dancefloor" (2012)
# Gouberville

Gouberville (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Manche department in north-western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Vicq-sur-Mer.
# Manfred Ruthner

Manfred Ruthner (born 30 January 1952) is an Austrian rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Troyan Peak

Troyan Peak (Bulgarian: връх Троян, romanized: vrah Troyan, IPA:) is a peak rising to 810 m in the Friesland Ridge of the Tangra Mountains in Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It has a steep, snow-free west slope and surmounts the Ruen Icefall to the north, west and south. The peak is named after the Bulgarian town of Troyan.

## Location

The peak is located at 62°42′11.1″S 60°14′32″W﻿ / ﻿62.703083°S 60.24222°W﻿ / -62.703083; -60.24222, which is 1.42 km west by north of St. Cyril Peak, 1.44 km north of St. Methodius Peak, 1.31 km northeast of Lom Peak and 1.2 km south of Stambolov Crag (Bulgarian mapping in 2005 and 2009).

## Maps

* L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2010. ISBN 978-954-92032-9-5 (First edition 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4)
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly updated.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017. ISBN 978-619-90008-3-0
# Immunogen (disambiguation)

Immunogen may refer to:
* ImmunoGen, a pharmaceuticals company
* Immunogen, an antigen/epitope inducing an immune response
# Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board

The Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board (MPESB), previously the Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board and commonly known as Vyapam (an abbreviation of its Hindi name Madhya Pradesh Vyavsayik Pariksha Mandal), is a government agency of Madhya Pradesh, India. It conducts various tests for admission to professional courses and streams. It is the largest examination conducting body of Madhya Pradesh government and comes directly under the Directorate of Technical Education (Government of Madhya Pradesh). The Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board is a self-financed, autonomous incorporated body of State Govt. The Government has re-constituted the Board of Directors for taking decisions on policy and organizational matters through Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board Act 2020.
The agency made national news for the Vyapam scam, a massive admission and recruitment scam involving politicians, senior officials and businessmen. After the scam was unearthed, 2,000 people were arrested, including the state's former education minister, Laxmikant Sharma, and Vyapam exam controller Pankaj Trivedi.

## History
### Early history

The Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board was initially established as the Pre Medical Test Board in 1970. In 1981, the Pre Engineering Board was constituted, and the agencies were merged by order on 17 April 1982 into the Professional Examination Board, which was assigned the responsibility of conducting entrance tests for admission to various colleges in the state.

### Vyapam scam

In 2013, a major scheme to manipulate the results of examinations conducted by the Professional Examination Board was unearthed by state police. That July, Indore Police arrested 20 people who took the medical entrance examination on behalf of others. In 2015, the case was transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation, which accused 3,500 people in 154 proceedings.

### Renaming

In 2022, the agency was renamed the Employees Selection Board (Hindi: Karamchari Chayan Board) and moved under the responsibility of the state's General Administration Department. The change in name had been pending since 2015.

## Examinations conducted

The Employees Selection Board conducts the following examinations:
* Pre-Polytechnic Test
* Pre-Architecture Test
* Pre-Agriculture Test
* Pre-P.G. Entrance Test
* Pre-M.C.A. Entrance Test
* Management Entrance Test
* Pre-General Nursing Talent Search Test
* B.A., L.L.B. (Hons) Entrance Test
* Pre-BEd Examination
* MPSLET Test
* Police Recruitment Test
* Typing paper Hindi
* Accountant
* Auditor
* General Nursing Training Selection Test (GNTST)
* Pre Nursing Selection test (PNST)
* Pre-veterinary and Fisheries Test (PV & FT)
* Forest Guard
# Laurence O'Connor Doyle

Laurence O'Connor Doyle (February 27, 1804 – October 28, 1864) was a lawyer, editor and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Arichat Township from 1832 to 1840, Halifax County from 1843 to 1847 and Halifax Township from 1847 to 1855 in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly as a supporter of the Reform Party.
He was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the son of Laurence Doyle and Bridget O’Connor. He was educated at Stonyhurst College in England and then returned to study law with Richard John Uniacke. Doyle was called to the bar in 1828 and set up practice in Halifax. In 1833, he married Sarah Ann Driscoll. Doyle served as a member of the province's Executive Council from 1848 to 1850. In 1855, he moved to New York City, where he practiced law. Doyle died there at the age of 60.