OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Ray

Charles Ray may refer to:
* Charles Ray (actor) (1891–1943), silent film star
* Charles Ray (artist) (born 1953), American sculptor
* Charles Ray (editor) (1874–1962), English editor of encyclopaedias, mainly for children
* Charles Ray (admiral), United States Coast Guard admiral
* Charles Ray (Indiana judge) (1829–1912), Associate Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court
* Charles A. Ray (born 1945), U.S. diplomat and ambassador
* Charles Bennett Ray (1807–1886), African-American abolitionist and editor of The Colored American
* Charles R. Ray (1938–1982), US Army officer
* Charles W. Ray (1872–1959), Philippine–American War Medal of Honor recipient
* Chucky (character), Charles Ray, main antagonist of the Child's Play franchise
# Takumi Nemoto

Takumi Nemoto (根本 匠, Nemoto Takumi, born March 7, 1951) is a former Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) who served as a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature).
A native of Kōriyama, Fukushima and graduate of the University of Tokyo he joined the Ministry of Construction (which is now part of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) in 1974. Leaving the ministry in 1991 he was elected to the Diet for the first time in 1993. Nemoto was appointed as Minister for Reconstruction in the Second Abe Cabinet on 26 December 2012.
Nemoto has served as the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare from 2 October 2018 to 11 September 2019. In January 2019, it was revealed that the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare had been publishing inaccurate monthly labor survey data for nearly 15 years, which led to over 20 million people being underpaid in work-related benefits. The opposition accused Nemoto of being involved in a government coverup to boost Prime Minister Abe's Abenomics policies. A motion of no-confidence was filed against Nemoto on March 1 but was voted down by the ruling LDP coalition.
As a member of a parliamentary committee responding to a petition advocating a law prohibiting businesses from forcing female workers to wear high-heeled shoes (KuToo movement), he expressed that it was "necessary and reasonable" to mandate this for female workers.
# Helge Bjønsaas

Helge Bjønsaas (born 21 May 1968) is a retired Norwegian footballer who played as a defender, either in central defense of back position.
Bjønsaas had a two-year contract with SK Haugar, due to expire in late 1991. He wanted to carry out his compulsory military service in Stavanger, but was instead ordered to Haakonsvern in Bergen. He started training with a Bergen-based club in the winter of 1991, Fyllingen, but Haugar and the FA both denied a transfer to Fyllingen.
He instead joined IK Start from Haugar ahead of the 1992 season, and remained there throughout 2003 except for two and a half seasons at Viking FK. In 2004 he signed for up-and-coming team FK Arendal.
The transfer to Viking was also subject to a transfer dispute. Start demanded that he continued to train with his former club, but Bjønsaas would reportedly prefer to retire.
Bjønsaas agreed to let Start buy him back in 1999. The transfer fee was 100,000 kr. With Start languishing in the 1. divisjon that year, Bjønsaas took part-time job for three months during the season, working as a delivery man for Christianssands Bryggeri. Start nonetheless managed to reach the promotion playoffs to the 2000 Eliteserien, in which they defeated Strømsgodset. Midway during the 2000 Eliteserien campaign, he yet again found himself in a public dispute about the length of his proposed contract. Start had offered one year, Bjønsaas demanded two years.
# Nurser Öztunalı

Nurser Öztunali (4 February 1947 – 28 February 1999) was a Turkish architect, feminist and publisher. A survivor of domestic violence herself, she became a vocal advocate against it and was one of the founders of a group that supported women's shelters for its victims in Turkey.

## Life

Nurser Öztunali was born in Mersin, Turkey, on 4 February 1947. While an architecture student at the Fine Arts State Academy, she married the physician Ali Şevket Bürkev in 1969 before graduating in 1972. They had two daughters together before divorcing her husband in 1981 because of "physical violence in her marriage". She died from a heart attack in Istanbul on 28 February 1999.

## Activities

Perhaps galvanized by her divorce, Öztunali became an outspoken feminist in the early 1980s and was one of the founders of Women's Circle Publications (Kadın Çevresi Yayınları) in 1984 that was intended produce feminist literature to educate the Turkish public about second-wave feminism. In 1987, she named the protests against domestic violence in Turkey that year "The Campaign Against Wife Beating", raising public awareness of the issue and women's rights in general. Öztunali was one of the founders of the Purple Roof Women's Shelter Foundation (Mor Çatı Kadın Sığınağı Vakfı) in 1990 and volunteered with it until her premature death in 1999.
# Robert W. Brown

Robert W. Brown (July 12, 1917 – October 17, 2009) was an American serigrapher, arts educator, glassmaker and ceramicist.

## Early life

Brown was born and raised in San Francisco and moved to Glendale, California, with his wife and young daughter in 1948, where he resided until his death. Brown obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree from San Francisco State College and Master of Fine Arts degrees from both the California College of the Arts and Crafts (later renamed California College of the Arts), and the University of Southern California.

## Post-educational career

From the 1940s to the 1980s, Brown produced a large body of serigraphic art. His serigraphs were notable for their bold and arresting use of color; they frequently won prizes and were shown in national graphic art exhibitions. These works explored a broad range of styles including figurative, abstract, and Op art.
From the 1950s until shortly before his death, Brown also worked as a glass artist. He created vivid and distinctive fused stained glass pieces, described by the Los Angeles Times in 1967 as "usually the center of attention" of exhibits. He also combined serigraphy and glassmaking, creating silkscreens on glass. He produced a significant rendering in stained glass of the Twelve Tribes of Israel for Temple Adat Ari El in North Hollywood, California, and glass panes for the entrance to the Glendale First United Methodist Church.
Brown was Professor of Fine Art at Glendale Community College from 1948 to 1983, focusing on life drawing and ceramics. He also taught printmaking and other art disciplines.
The Associates of Brand Library & Art Center bestowed their 1975 Purchase Award on Brown's "Suburb" and the 1977 Purchase Award on his "Opposite but Equal". This award is given in conjunction with the Brand National Annual Juried Art Exhibition.
After Brown's retirement from teaching, he focused much of his energy on glassmaking.
In 2009, Brown's daughter Jan Reilly donated the work remaining in his art studio to the Associates of Brand Library & Art Center.
# Otapy

Otapy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brańsk, within Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Brańsk, 22 km (14 mi) west of Bielsk Podlaski, and 47 km (29 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.
According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 3 people Mosaic, declared Polish nationality. There were 1 residential buildings in the village.
# William John MacKenzie

Captain William John MacKenzie was an American flying ace who served with British naval aviation during World War I. He was one of the combatants in Manfred von Richthofen's last fight, being wounded in action. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, and the Croix de Guerre for his valor. He survived the war and was discharged in 1919. His history after 1942 is unknown.

## Early life

William John MacKenzie was born on 9 January 1894 in Memphis, Tennessee. He was working as a draftsman in Port Robinson, Ontario, Canada before joining the Royal Naval Air Service as a probationary Flight Sub-Lieutenant on 19 April 1917.

## World War I

After completing training at RAF Manston and RAF Cranwell, MacKenzie was posted to the Dunkirk Seaplane Defence Flight on 30 November 1917. On 14 March 1918, he transferred to No. 9 Naval Squadron. While flying with them, he was a combatant in the 21 April 1918 dogfight in which the Red Baron was killed; MacKenzie was wounded in action that day. On 8 October 1918, he transferred back to his old unit, now renumbered as No. 213 Squadron RAF. MacKenzie ended the war credited with eight confirmed aerial victories, having earned the Belgian Croix de Guerre and the Distinguished Flying Cross. The DFC was not gazetted until 3 June 1919, The Belgian Croix de guerre was gazetted on 15 July 1919.
Although the citation for his DFC is non-descriptive, the recommendation for it is below. It gives details of MacKenzie's service as follows:
"Captain W.J. Mackenzie joined this squadron on 1 December 1917 and was employed in the Belgian Coast Patrol, where he distinguished himself by keen powers of observation and great enthusiasm for his work.
"At the end of March 1918 he was transferred to a squadron operating further south and personally succeeded in destroying one Fokker triplane, one Fokker biplane, one Phalz and one LVG two-seater (all confirmed) and also assisted in bringing down one LVF two-seater.
"He was wounded in the fight when Richtofen was killed, and was given charge of a Flight.
"He returned to this squadron in October 1918 for the last push and displayed great gallantry and leadership in the many low bombing raids against enemy troops, etc. which were undertaken in conjunction with the advancing Belgian Army.
"During this period he shot down and destroyed one Fokker biplane and shot down out of control a second, while he assisted in the destruction of one LVG two-seater.
"Altogether Captain MacKenzie has flown over the lines for upwards of 250 hours and is still one of the keenest pilots in the service."

## Post World War I

MacKenzie was discharged from the Royal Air Force on 20 May 1919. In 1942, he was known to be a resident in New York City while employed as a civil engineer by the Federal Works Agency.
# Baghdad Street (Dubai)

Baghdad Street (Arabic: شارع بغداد) is a 2.3 km road in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Named after the Iraqi capital city of Baghdad, it branches out from al-Ittihad Road in al-Nahda neighborhood and runs through al-Qusais and Muhaisnah neighborhoods before connecting Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Road from the other end. It is overseen by the city's Roads and Transport Authority. In 2009, the General Directorate of Traffic reported that the street accounted for the second-most instances of pedestrian crossing violations.
# Akaflieg Stuttgart fs18

The Akaflieg Stuttgart fs18a was a glider designed and built in Germany from 1938. It was characterized by a gull wing and was the first glider to have a retractable undercarriage. Only one example of the design was constructed.

## Development

With the experience gained from the Rhön gliding competitions, the students at Akaflieg Stuttgart (Akademische Fliegergruppe – academic flying group) designed the fs18, which was able to turn tightly in thermals and had a relatively low sink rate, over the six months preceding the next Rhön competition at Wasserkuppe. The result was the fs18 which was a high-wing cantilever monoplane with gulled centre section, to ensure that the wings joined the fuselage at 90 degrees, rectangular midsection and tapered outer section. Flaps were fitted to the trailing edge of the midsection to 30% chord, and ailerons were mounted on the trailing edges of the outer wing sections. The fuselage consisted of the cockpit pod smoothly narrowing to a boom-like rear fuselage supporting the tail unit. The main undercarriage was manually retractable into an enclosed wheel well behind the cockpit. After the first flight on 21 July 1938, testing of the fs18a continued until 7 December 1938 when the fs18 crashed, killing pilot Ernst Scheible.

## Specifications

Data from Flugzeug-Typenbuch. Handbuch der deutschen Luftfahrt- und Zubehör-Industrie 1944
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 7.1 m (23 ft 4 in)
* Wingspan: 18 m (59 ft 1 in)
* Height: 1.15 m (3 ft 9 in)
* Wing area: 18 m$^2$ (190 sq ft)
* Length de-rigged: 10 m (33 ft)
* Width de-rigged (without tailplane): 1 m (3 ft 3 in)
* Width de-rigged (with tailplane): 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in)
* Height de-rigged: 1.25 m (4 ft 1 in)
* Aspect ratio: 18
* Airfoil: root: NACA 43015; mid-span: NACA 43012; tip: NACA 0012
* Empty weight: 200 kg (441 lb)
* Gross weight: 300 kg (661 lb)
Performance
* g limits: +8 (ultimate)
* Maximum glide ratio: 30 at 70 km/h (43 mph; 38 kn)
* Rate of sink: 0.53 m/s (104 ft/min) at 50 km/h (31 mph; 27 kn)
* Wing loading: 16.68 kg/m$^2$ (3.42 lb/sq ft)
# Visions (Stratovarius album)

Visions is the sixth studio album by Finnish power metal band Stratovarius, released on 28 April 1997 through Noise Records. The album reached No. 4 on the Finnish albums chart and remained on that chart for 23 weeks. It is a concept album about Nostradamus.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Rock Hard | 9.5/10 |
Steve Huey at AllMusic gave Visions four stars out of five, calling it "as ambitious as neoclassical metal gets" and saying "there are some fine moments on the record", but also remarking that "too much of the material sinks under its own weight, particularly the ten-minute title track."
In 2005, the album was ranked No. 297 in Rock Hard magazine's book The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time.
Loudwire named the album at sixth in their list "Top 25 Power Metal Albums of All Time." Metal Hammer also named the album in their list "The 10 essential power metal albums."

## Track listing

All music is composed by Timo Tolkki, except where noted

## Personnel

* Timo Kotipelto – lead vocals
* Timo Tolkki – guitar, background vocals, mastering, production
* Jens Johansson – keyboards, harpsichord
* Jörg Michael – drums
* Jari Kainulainen – bass guitar
* Kimmo Blom – background vocals
* Marko Vaara – background vocals
* Richard Johnson – background vocals, lyrical consultation
* James M. Johnson – spoken vocals
* Mikko Karmila – engineering, mixing
* Pauli Saastamoinen – mastering

## Charts

| Chart (1997) | Peak position |
| Finnish Albums (Suomen virallinen lista) | 4 |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 18 |
# Eliel Mickelsson

Anton Eliel Mickelsson (15 May 1886 – 10 January 1963) was a Finnish sea captain and politician, born in Korpo. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1919 to 1922, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP).
# Donald James Hall

Donald James Hall (1935–2020) was a freshwater ecologist and Professor at Michigan State University. He was also the longest-serving director of MSU's Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior (EEB) from 1989 to 2004.

## Early life and education

Hall was born in 1935 in Palo Alto, California. His family later moved to Iowa City, Iowa, and then to Chapel Hill, North Carolina, where he graduated from high school. Hall stayed in Chapel Hill and received his B.A. from the University of North Carolina in 1957, while also being on the swimming team and in the marching band. Hall received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in zoology from the University of Michigan, followed by a one-year stint as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Washington, Seattle.

## Career and research

In 1963, Hall joined the faculty at Cornell University. He moved to the Department of Zoology at MSU in 1969, was promoted to full professor in 1972, and retired in 2005. Hall did most of his research while at MSU at the Kellogg Biological Station (KBS) located on Gull Lake. Much of his research was done in collaboration with Earl Werner, who was a graduate student at KBS and later on the faculty of the University of Michigan. Several of their papers have been cited many hundreds of times, including two that were named "Citation Classics" by the Institute for Scientific Information. One of the citation classics presented an early experimental test of optimal foraging theory, using the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, as the forager while manipulating the abundance of different size classes of the water flea, Daphnia magna. That paper was also highlighted as a notable paper in the Ecological Society of America's centennial celebration for "significant impacts on the science of ecology."
After Hall’s death, an MSU colleague and later director of the EEB program, Richard Lenski, remembered him as “a wonderful friend and colleague and an enthusiastic leader of EEB and supporter of the program’s graduate students and their research.”
# Jöllenbecker Mühlenbach

Jöllenbecker Mühlenbach is a small river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is 5.6 km long and flows into the Jölle near Bielefeld-Jöllenbeck. The stream supplied water to mills in Jöllenbeck.
# Erkki Pystynen

Erkki Topias Pystynen (born 2 November 1929 in Heinola) is a Finnish politician from the National Coalition Party.
Pystynen was a professor in Tampere University. He was elected to the parliament in 1975 and served as the speaker from 1983 to 1986. He left the Parliament in 1991.
# Seismic gap

A seismic gap is a segment of an active fault known to produce significant earthquakes that has not slipped in an unusually long time, compared with other segments along the same structure. There is a hypothesis or theory that states that over long periods, the displacement on any segment must be equal to that experienced by all the other parts of the fault. Any large and longstanding gap is, therefore, considered to be the fault segment most likely to suffer future earthquakes.
The applicability of this approach has been criticised by some seismologists, although earthquakes sometimes have occurred in previously identified seismic gaps.

## Examples
### Loma Prieta Seismic Gap, California

Prior to the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake(M$_w$ = 6.9), that segment of the San Andreas Fault system recorded much less seismic activity than other parts of the fault. The main shock and aftershocks of the 1989 event occurred within the previous seismic gap.

### Central Kuril gap, Russia

Immediately following the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, a seismic gap analysis of the seismic zones around the Pacific Ocean identified the Central Kuril segment of the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench subduction zone as the most likely to give rise to a major earthquake. This zone, 500 km in length, at that time had experienced no major earthquake since 1780, but was bounded to north and south by segments that had moved within the last 100 years. The M$_w$ = 8.3 earthquake of 15 November 2006 and the M$_w$ = 8.2 earthquake of 13 January 2007 occurred within the defined gap.

### Central Himalayan Gap, India

Although there had been earthquakes to the west (near Delhi) in 1905, and to the east (Nepal–India earthquake) in 1934, there was a 600-kilometer-long region of the central Himalayan that had not ruptured since 1505. In April 2015, the 7.8 M$_w$ April 2015 Nepal earthquake occurred near the center of this region.

### Cascadia, United States–Canada

The only known damaging earthquakes to have occurred in the Cascadia subduction zone since the 1700 Cascadia earthquake are the 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake and 2001 Nisqually earthquake.
# Calling Name Presentation

Caller Name Presentation (CNAP) or Caller Name Delivery (CNAM) is used in US-based telephone networks to provide name identification of the calling party. The CNAM information is most often displayed in Caller ID. The information could be the person's name or a company name. The caller's name can also be blocked and display “restricted”, or if technical failures occur “not available”.
In Canada, the caller name information can be applied either by the client's own equipment (PBX), or by the originating carrier. The altering of caller ID information is allowed, provided it does not violate regulations in place regarding spoofing or fraud.
In the US, the caller's name, or CNAM information, is not sent during a call. Rather, the terminating carrier is responsible for providing the Caller ID information to its customer. The terminating carrier performs a database lookup using the caller's phone number to obtain the name information to display with Caller ID. If the data is with another carrier, then the terminating carrier must perform a lookup and pay a small "dip fee" to the carrier hosting the information. Wholesale rates for the fee are on the order of $0.002 to $0.006 per database dip ($200 to $600 per 100,000 calls).
Incorrect Caller ID information can be displayed under a variety of circumstances. The customer's carrier may not perform the database lookup and may supply old information. Or, the customer's carrier may perform the database lookup but get incorrect information from the database owner. In this case, the database owner has stale information (and not the terminating carrier). Or, the Caller ID information may be spoofed.
Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILEC) usually provide the most correct information. ILECs have a huge database of their own CNAM data, and ILECs are willing to pay the CNAM database dip fee to another ILEC or a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (CLEC) to obtain the CNAM data.
# Kurt Grünig

Kurt Grünig (born 13 March 1944) is a Swiss footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He made five appearances for the Switzerland national team from 1964 to 1967.
# Helge Helgesen

Helge Helgesen (27 September 1912 – 14 May 1992) was a Norwegian footballer. He played in one match for the Norway national football team in 1933.
# Maurice Logan

Maurice Logan (March 21, 1886 — March 19, 1977) was an American watercolorist, commercial artist and arts educator. He was a member of the Society of Six, and a professor at the California College of the Arts in Oakland, California.

## Life

Logan was born on March 21, 1886, in San Francisco to an English mother, who died when he was six months old, and an American father, who remarried shortly after. He grew up in Oakland, California, and he was trained at the San Francisco Art Institute, the California College of the Arts, and the Chicago Art Institute.
Logan established a studio as a watercolorist and commercial artist in Oakland in 1915. He was a member of the Society of Six alongside Selden Connor Gile, August Gay, Louis Bassi Siegriest, Bernard von Eichman, and William H. Clapp. He was also a professor at his alma mater, the California College of the Arts. He was a member of the American Watercolor Society, the Society of Western Artists, the National Academy of Design, and the Society of Illustrators.
Logan married Bertha Kipke. They had a son, Richard, and a daughter, Jean Rees. Logan died on March 19, 1977, in Orinda, California.
# French destroyer Obusier

Obusier was one of 13 Claymore-class destroyers built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century.

## Construction and career

Obusier was ordered on 5 August 1903 and was laid down at the Arsenal de Rochefort on 10 May 1904. The ship was launched on 9 March 1906 and was assigned to the Northern Squadron after her completion in October 1907. She was transferred to the Rochefort Local Defenses (Défense mobile de Rochefort) in January 1910 and immediately began a lengthy refit that lasted until August 1912 when she was reassigned to the Brest Local Defenses. She remained with the unit until November when she was transferred to the Third Squadron (3$^e$ Escadre), as the Northern Squadron had been redesignated while she was under repair. Obusier was assigned to the 1st Destroyer Flotilla (1$^{re}$ escadrille de torpilleurs) of the 2nd Light Squadron (2$^e$ escadre légère) in August 1913 and was refitted from December 1913 to June 1914 at Rochefort. The ship was transferred to the North Sea Squadron (Flotille de la mer du Nord), based at Dunkerque, in October 1915. She had her stern blown off by a naval mine on 24 May 1916. Obusier was placed in reserve in May 1919, struck from the naval register on 27 May 1921 and sold for scrap on 6 March 1922.