OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Exo 90:2014

Exo 90:2014 is a South Korean reality TV show starring Exo and members of NCT. The show was aired on Mnet.
The first episode was aired on August 15, 2014. The show's host is Jun Hyun-moo.

## Background

Exo 90:2014 is a reality TV show where Exo members film music videos of the most popular K-pop songs in the 1990s & early 2000s.
The 90s K-pop idols get to visit Exo and discuss music with them.
Members of the boy band NCT (then-known under the name SM Rookies) also get to participate in the music videos and also perform live in the show.

## Episodes

| Episode | Guest(s) | Exo members |
| 1 | Kangta (H.O.T.) | Suho, Baekhyun, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai & Sehun |
| 2 | Park Joon-hyung, Son Ho-young & Kim Tae-woo (G.O.D.) | Xiumin, Luhan, Suho, Lay, Chen & Sehun |
| 3 | Lee Min-woo & Shin Hye-sung (Shinhwa) | Xiumin, Chen, Kai & Sehun |
| 4 | Jo Sung-mo | Xiumin, Suho, Baekhyun, Chen & Tao |
| 5 | Brian Joo & Hwanhee (Fly to the Sky) | Xiumin, Suho, Lay, Baekhyun, Chen & Tao |
| 6 | Kim Jong-min (Koyote), Kim Jang-ryeol (DJ DOC) & Koo Jun-yeop (Clon) | Suho, Baekhyun, Chanyeol, Kai & Sehun |
| 7 | Lee Guk-joo & Ahn Young-mi | Suho, Baekhyun, Chanyeol, Chen, D.O. & Sehun |
| 8 | Lyn & Shin Bora | Xiumin, Suho, Chen & D.O. |
| 9 | BoA | Xiumin, Luhan, Suho, Lay, Chen & Sehun |
| 10 | Lim Chang-jung | Xiumin, Suho, Chen & D.O. |
| 11 | Lee Hyun Do (Deux) & Muzie | Suho, Baekhyun, Chanyeol, Kai & Sehun |

## Music videos remake

| Episode | Artist | Song Title | Notes | Exo member |
| 1 | H.O.T. | "Hope" | Sung by Chen and SM Rookies' Johnny, Doyoung & Jaehyun | Chanyeol |
| 2 | G.O.D. | "어머님께 (To Mother)" | Original song used | Suho |
| 3 | Shinhwa | "Yo! " | Original song used | Sehun |
| 4 | Jo Sung-mo | "Do You Know" | Sung by Wendy of Red Velvet | Tao |
| 5 | Fly to the Sky | "Missing You" | Original song used | Lay |
| 6 | DJ DOC | "Dance with DOC" | Original song used | Baekhyun |
| 7 | S.E.S. | "I'm Your Girl" | Sung by SM Rookies' Yeri, Koeun, Mark, Hina, Donghyuck & Herin: other SM Trainees Winny & Jeesu | D.O. |
| 8 | Kim Min-Kyo | "The Last Game" | Sung by SM Rookies' Taeil | Luhan |
| 9 | BoA | "No.1" | Original song used | Chen |
| 10 | Lim Chang-jung | "소주 한 잔 (Glass Of Soju)" | Original song used | Xiumin |
| 11 | Deux | "In Summer" | Sung by SM Rookies Koeun and Seulgi of Red Velvet | Kai |
# Trüggelbach

Trüggelbach is a small river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is 5.4 km (3.4 mi) long and flows as a left tributary into the Lutter near Gütersloh.
# De La Salle College, Revesby Heights

De La Salle Catholic College Revesby Heights, also referred to as De La Salle College Revesby, is an independent Roman Catholic comprehensive single-sex secondary day school for boys, located in Revesby Heights, A suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. De La Salle caters for approximately 620 students from Year 7 to Year 12.

## History

The school was founded in 1960 by the De La Salle brothers. The senior secondary school for students in Year 11 and Year 12 began in 2006, with their first HSC class in 2007.
HSC results are gradually improving, with numerous students being listed on various merit listings. In 2017, DLS Revesby was ranked 115th. De La Salle is also well known for the sporting accomplishments. They win a fair proportion of events in the Christian Brothers Sporting Association (CBSA) competitions. Revesby's Year 9 and 10 Netball was announced in 2018, for the second year in a row, as the best boys team for their age group in NSW. Additionally, their CBSA futsal team were crowned champions in 2018. Achievements also include wins in the statewide 2011 Berg Shield for cricket and the 2011 NSW Teams Championships for Schools for golf.

## Notable alumni

* Jacob Host, rugby league football player for St. George Illawarra Dragons
* Daryl Melham MP, Federal Member for Banks (1990–2013)
* Glen Hughes, Rugby League Football player for Canterbury-Bankstown
* Dr Brian Owler, Former President of the Australian Medical Association
# Pagon

Pagon is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Brian Michael Bendis and artist David Finch, the character first appeared in The New Avengers #1 (December 2004). He is a member of the fictional extraterrestrial Skrull species.
Killian Scott portrayed Pagon in the Marvel Cinematic Universe Disney+ miniseries Secret Invasion (2023).

## Publication history

Pagon was created by Brian Michael Bendis and David Finch, and debuted as a cameo in The New Avengers #1 (December 2004) before appearing with a full appearance in New X-Men vol. 2 #13 (May 2005); the character impersonated Elektra as a lead-in to the Secret Invasion storyline.

## Fictional character biography

Pagon was a lover of Veranke who went alongside several Skrulls to assist Siri, but his allies were killed so Pagon utilized the powers of Invisible Woman, Colossus and the Thing to severely blindside Elektra who he impersonated. His infiltration as the leader of the Hand and Hydra resulted in arranging the Raft's breakout, and harassing the X-Men. Pagon kills, resurrects and imprisons Maya Lopez to use as a weapon before the New Avengers rescue his victim who stabs the Skrull to death. Pagon's death was a planned major "reveal" of the Skrull Empire's conspiracy with Earth. An autopsy on Pagon's body was done for Iron Man, Mister Fantastic and Criti Noll.

## Powers and abilities

Pagon possesses the ability to physically transform himself like other Skrulls.

## In other media

* Pagon / Elektra appears as a boss in Marvel Heroes.
* Pagon appears in Secret Invasion, portrayed by Killian Scott. This version is the Skrull Resistance's second-in-command who posed as an unidentified man. Pagon would perform reconnaissance missions alongside Gravik in locating the Harvest but gets callously murdered once he spoke out against the first Super-Skrull's leadership.
# Misha Gabriel

Misha Gabriel (born May 13, 1987), also known as Misha Gabriel Hamilton, is an American dancer, choreographer, and actor. He is known for dancing mainly in the shows of Janet Jackson and Michael Jackson, and for his role as Eddy in Step Up Revolution (2012) and Step Up: All In (2014).

## Life and career

Gabriel was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. His mother, Irina Brecher, is a ballet dancer from Romania. Gabriel, who was raised in Larkspur, Colorado, began dancing at the early age of two years. He appeared with Janet Jackson for three years in a number of her videos, TV shows, and live performances. He also took part in shows by Mariah Carey, Beyoncé, Christina Aguilera, Chris Brown, Ne-Yo, The Pussycat Dolls, Hilary Duff, John Legend, Kylie Minogue, and Omarion.
He has worked in several American commercials and in the movies Jackass Number Two, Clerks 2, and Center Stage: Turn It Up.
Gabriel was selected as a principal dancer for Michael Jackson's This Is It concerts and was set to perform in all 50 shows scheduled for the O2 Arena in London, England. The concerts were canceled 18 days before the dancers were set to travel to London due to Jackson's death. Gabriel was subsequently featured along with the 10 other dancers in the concerts' behind the scenes film, Michael Jackson's This Is It.
He then appeared in a major role, as Eddie, Sean (Ryan Guzman's) best friend, in the film Step Up Revolution (2012), directed by Scott Speer and Step Up: All In (2014), directed by Trish Sie.
He choreographed in:
* Justin Timberlake's live show FutureSex/LoveShow as a choreographer (2007)
* Music video for BoA's single "Eat You Up" in 2008
* In 2009, he was part of a planned This Is It series of 50 concerts by Michael Jackson to be held at the O2 Arena in London that was canceled because of Jackson's sudden death three weeks before the show's inaugural event. He was part of the backup dancers on Michael Jackson's This Is It
* The Pussycat Dolls' Doll Domination Tour
* The Cheetah Girls One World Tour
* Sara Lee/High School Musical 3 commercial
* Raven-Symoné's "Supernatural" and Dancing With the Stars
* Justin Bieber's Never Say Never Tour
* SHINee's amigo

### Personal life

Misha is good friends with actor Kenny Wormald. They grew up dancing together and have worked together as dancers and actors. Misha is also good friends with choreographer Travis Wall.

## Filmography
### Film

* 2006: Clerks II
* 2008: Center Stage: Turn It Up – as a Detroit dancer
* 2009: Michael Jackson's This Is It – as himself
* 2012: Step Up Revolution – as Eddy
* 2012: Boogie Town – as Matthew (post-production)
* 2014: Step Up: All In – as Eddy

### Television

* 2015: It's Showtime – as himself (guest performer) on May 29, 2015 episode
# Doug (disambiguation)

Doug is a masculine given name.
Doug may also refer to:
* Doug (TV series), an American animated sitcom
* Doug E. Doug, American actor born Douglas Bourne (born 1970)
* Doug (tuber)
* Doug flag, also called "the Doug", an unofficial flag of the Cascadia bioregion of western North America
* Dig Dug, the eponymous protagonist of the Dig Dug series of video games
* 93.1 Doug FM, a former brand of WUFL (FM), a radio station licensed to Detroit, Michigan
* The reptile monster from the Monsterverse that appear in Godzilla vs. Kong and Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire that appear in the Hollow Earth.
# Doug Evans (American football)

Douglas Edwards Evans (born May 13, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Louisiana Tech Bulldogs and was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the sixth round of the 1993 NFL draft with the 141st overall pick. He won Super Bowl XXXI with the 1996 Green Bay Packers against the New England Patriots. Evans also played for the Carolina Panthers, the Seattle Seahawks, and the Detroit Lions. In 2001, he set a Panthers franchise record with 8 interceptions.
# Jonathan Southern

Jonathan Southern (born 1978), also known as J.South, is an American artist from Indianapolis, Indiana, known for his portraits. Primarily using graphite, colored pencil, and mixed media, Southern often depicts individuals from African-American history. He has exhibited work across the United States, including at the Cincinnati Art Museum, the Murphy Arts Center, and the Garfield Park Arts Center.
Southern is a self-taught artist and the owner of J.South Art Studio, creating fine art and commissioned portraits.
# Chermahin

Chermahin (Persian: چرمهين) is a city in Bagh-e Bahadoran District of Lenjan County, Isfahan province, Iran. As a village, it was the capital of Zirkuh Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Kachuiyeh. The village of Chermahin was elevated to the status of a city in 1991.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 12,292 people in 3,035 households. The following census in 2011 counted 13,568 people in 3,650 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 13,732 inhabitants in 3,943 households.
# Walbach (Agger)

Walbach is a river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is 5.1 km (3.2 mi) long and is a right tributary of the Agger.
# Rudolf Ludwig Meyer-Dür

Rudolf Ludwig Meyer-Dür ( August 12, 1812, Burgdorf – March 2, 1885, Zürich) was a Swiss entomologist who specialised in Hemiptera, Orthoptera and Neuroptera He was a founder Member of the Swiss Entomological Society (Société Entomologique Suisse).
For most of his life he lived in Burgdorf and he worked mainly on the Swiss insect fauna but in 1859 he accompanied Jules Pictet on a collecting trip to Spain. He also collected in the South of France.
Insect specimens collected by Meyer-Dür are variously disposed in the Museum of Comparative Zoology Cambridge Massachusetts, State Museum of Zoology, Dresden, Natural History Museum of Bern, University of Zurich Zoology Museum UZZM, American Museum of Natural History, New York.

## Works

Partial list
* Meyer-Dür, L. R., 1843 Verzeichnis der in der Schweiz einhimischen Rhynchoten (Hemiptera Linn.).Erstes Heft. Die Familie der Capsini. Jent und Gassmann, Solothurn. X + 11–116 + IV pp., 7 plates.
* Meyer-Dür, L. R., 1870 Hemipterologisches. Zwei neue Capsiden nebst Bemerkungen über die Gruppe der grunen Lygus Arten. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 3: 206–210.
* Meyer-Dur, L. R. 1871. Die Psylloden. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 3: 377–406.
# Treddin' on Thin Ice

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Guardian | |
| Pitchfork Media | 7.6/10 |
| The Village Voice | |
Treddin' on Thin Ice is the debut album by UK grime artist Wiley released on XL Recordings. It was released on 26 April 2004.
The album is seen as a critical success in grime music with an enduring and influential forward facing sound. However, commercially the album did not do as well, with one single ("Wot Do U Call It", a song addressing the debate over the categorization of grime) making the top 40 in the UK music charts.
# Jet (fluid)

A jet is a stream of fluid that is projected into a surrounding medium, usually from some kind of a nozzle, aperture or orifice. Jets can travel long distances without dissipating.
Jet fluid has higher speed compared to the surrounding fluid medium. In the case that the surrounding medium is assumed to be made up of the same fluid as the jet, and this fluid has viscosity, some of the surrounding fluid is carried along with the jet in a process called entrainment.
Some animals, notably cephalopods, move by jet propulsion, as do rocket engines and jet engines.

## Applications

Liquid jets are used in many different areas. In everyday life, you can find them for instance coming from the water tap, the showerhead, and from spray cans. In agriculture, they play a role in irrigation and in the application of crop protection products. In the field of medicine, you can find liquid jets for example in injection procedures or inhalers. Industry uses liquid jets for waterjet cutting, for coating materials or in cooling towers. Atomized liquid jets are essential for the efficiency of internal combustion engines. But they also play a crucial role in research, for example in the study of proteins, phase transitions, extreme states of matter, laser plasmas, High harmonic generation, and also in particle physics experiments. Also some animals, notably cephalopods, move by jet propulsion. Gas jets are found in rocket engines and jet engines. Microscopic liquid jets have been studied for their potential application in noninvasive transdermal drug delivery.
# Live and let live (World War I)

Live and let live is the non-aggressive co-operative behavior that developed spontaneously during the First World War, particularly during prolonged periods of trench warfare on the Western Front. Perhaps one of the most famous examples of this is the Christmas truce of 1914.
It is a process that can be characterised as the deliberate abstaining from the use of violence during war. Sometimes it can take the form of overt truces or pacts negotiated locally by soldiers. At other times it can be a tacit behaviour—sometimes characterised as "letting sleeping dogs lie"—whereby both sides refrain from firing or using their weapons, or deliberately discharge them in a ritualistic or routine way that signals their non-lethal intent.

## Examples

This behaviour was found at the small-unit level, sections, platoons or companies, usually observed by the "other ranks", e.g., privates and non-commissioned officers. Examples were found from the lone soldier standing sentry duty, refusing to fire on exposed enemy soldiers, up to snipers, machine-guns teams and even field-artillery batteries.
Upper echelon commanders—those of divisions, corps and armies—and their staffs were aware of this tendency towards non-aggression, and would sometimes analyse casualty statistics to detect it. Raids or patrols were often ordered to foster the correct "offensive spirit" in the troops.
The Live and Let Live system was fragile at best and was easily broken by occurrences of lethal force, becoming even more tenuous as the war dragged on.

## Research

Tony Ashworth researched this topic based upon diaries, letters, and testimonies of veterans from the war. He discovered that 'live and let live' was widely known about at the time and was most common at specific times and places. It was often to be found when a unit had been withdrawn from battle and was sent to a rest sector.

## Game theory

Some scholars of game theory, like Robert Axelrod, have characterised Live and Let Live as an iterated variant of the prisoner's dilemma. Axelrod linked Live and Let Live to the co-operative strategy referred to as Tit for Tat.
Axelrod's interpretation of "Live and Let Live" as a prisoner's dilemma has been disputed by political scientists Joanne Gowa and Andrew Gelman, who (separately) argue that the assumptions underlying the prisoner's dilemma do not hold in this example.
# Robbie Shaw

Robbie Shaw (born 24 July 1983) is a former international rugby union player who played scrum-half. Shaw played for the United States national rugby union team.
Shaw played for Bristol and was released at the end of the 2010-11 RFU Championship. Shaw joined Bristol after a short stint at Esher. He has also previously played for London Wasps, London Welsh, Connacht and Galwegians. He made one substitute appearance for Connacht on 2 May 2008 against Cardiff Blues.
In July 2011, Welsh region the Scarlets said that Shaw was training with them to be ready for the 2011-12 season. In June 2013 Shaw signed to play for Esher in National League 1. After a three match stint with London Scottish F.C. during the 2013-14 season Shaw returned to Esher for the 2014-15 season.

## International

Shaw has twelve international caps for the United States. Shaw narrowly missed out on making the United States squad for the 2011 Rugby World Cup.
Shaw also played for the Ireland U21 side that reached the final of the World Championships in 2004. Shaw is also a United Kingdom citizen.
# Luca Gammaitoni

Luca Gammaitoni (born 16 June 1961 in Perugia) is a scientist in the area of noise and nonlinear dynamics. He is currently the Director of the Noise in Physical System Laboratory (NiPS Lab) at the Physics Department of the Università di Perugia, in Italy.

## Education and career

He graduated in physics at the University of Perugia and obtained his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Pisa in 1991 (S. Santucci advisor) with a thesis entitled "Stochastic Resonance". He is currently Professor of Physics at the Faculty of Science of the University of Perugia in Italy and the Director of The Noise in Physical Systems (NiPS) Laboratory. NiPS, a research facility within the Physics Department of the University of Perugia, has a long-standing tradition in studying physical systems in the presence of noise.
In 2004 he was awarded the First prize for innovation ideas, a Spin-off competition, of the University of Perugia. Eventually, this led to the establishment of Wisepower srl. An innovative company devoted to the development of advanced technology in the field of self-powered wireless devices.
In 2016 he received the Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics for the observation of gravitational waves, opening new horizons in astronomy and physics, as a member of the LIGO-Virgo collaboration.
In 2016-2019 he served as President of the Fondazione POST (Museo della Scienza di Perugia).
During the Covid-19 pandemic, together with Igor Neri, proposed a stochastic model for dealing with fluctuations in epidemic diffusion.
His scientific papers received more than 100.000 citations.

## Scientific Interests

* Stochastic nonlinear dynamics with specific reference to Stochastic Resonance, dithering, resonant trapping, resonant crossing phenomena.
* Noise limits in the operation of Gravitational Waves detectors
* Energy Harvesting, with specific reference to nonlinear vibration harvesting, micro and nanoscale energy management
* Energy efficiency in computing devices, with specific reference to micro and nanoscale logic gate devices
* Thermal noise and non-equilibrium relaxation processes in solid state systems
* Thermodynamics of computing and fundamental limits in the physics of computation
* Epidemics spreading and the role of fluctuations
* Artificial Intelligence fundamental limits in Big Data and Machine Learning applications

## Books

* On the concept of time and other accidents: simple scientific digressions for curious people, L. Gammaitoni, 2022,
* The Physics of Computing, Springer, 2021
* Perché è difficile prevedere il futuro. Il sogno più sfuggente dell'uomo sotto la lente della fisica L. Gammaitoni and A. Vulpiani, Dedalo ed. 2019 (in Italian)
* Introduzione alla scienza dei computer, L. Gammaitoni, McGraw-Hill, (in Italian) 2004
# Pride (Simon Collins song)

"Pride" is a song by British-Canadian artist Simon Collins. It was released in August 1999 as the lead single from his debut album, All of Who You Are, and was a top 40 hit in Germany, where it peaked at No. 31, and also reached No. 41 in Canada.

## Background

The song was inspired by the film Braveheart and "the concept of a man losing everything to be left only with his pride" and also alludes to Collins' bisexuality. Discussing the song in a 2005 interview, Collins stated "I was using that inspiration to write a song about not being afraid to step outside of the box or the closet and be the fuck who [sic] you want to be and don’t ever apologize for it". His father Phil Collins sings backing vocals on the track.

## Music video

The video was filmed in the Cape Town suburb of Observatory.

## Tracklisting
### CD maxi - Germany (1999)

* "Pride" (Album Version) - 5:36
* "Pride" (B-Zet Mix) - 5:09
* "Pride" (Club Sonic Mix) - 6:35
* "Pride" (Radio Edit) - 3:46
* "Light Years Away" (Album Version) - 6:27

## Charts

| Chart (1999) | Peak Position |
| Canada Top Singles (RPM) | 41 |
| Germany (GfK) | 31 |
# Allison Township, Brown County, South Dakota

Allison Township is a township in Brown County, South Dakota, United States.
# Kfar Yassine

Kfar Yassine (Arabic: كفر ياسين) is a village in the Keserwan District of the Keserwan-Jbeil in Lebanon. It is part of the municipality of Tabarja-Adma wa Dafneh-Kfar Yassine. The municipality is located 24 kilometers north of Beirut. Its average elevation is 10 meters above sea level and its total land area is 456 hectares. Kfar Yassine's inhabitants are predominantly Maronite Christians.
# Pipamazine

Pipamazine (INN; trade names Mornidine, Mometine, Nausidol) is a drug of the phenothiazine class formerly used as an antiemetic. It is chemically related to chlorpromazine, but has negligible antipsychotic activity and produces few extrapyramidal side effects.
Pipamazine was introduced to the U.S. market in 1959 by G. D. Searle & Company. It was advertised for morning sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting, and was claimed to reduce the need for postoperative analgesia. It was eventually withdrawn from the U.S. market in 1969, after reports of hepatotoxicity (liver injury).
There is very little published information on pipamazine; it is mostly absent from modern-day sources, apart from a few passing mentions in the pharmacological literature.

## Adverse effects

Mornidine advertisements for postoperative recovery claimed "unusually low side effects". However, contemporary comparative trials found that hypotension (low blood pressure) was a substantial concern when the drug was given at normal dosages for this indication; blood pressure reductions of up to 70 mmHg were reported. Reductions in dosage mitigated hypotension while maintaining antiemetic efficacy.
In his book The Creation of Psychopharmacology, Irish psychiatrist David Healy states that the failure of pipamazine to perform as a neuroleptic and its negative side effect profile helped Searle lose interest in the antipsychotic sector, and contributed to the company's refusal to market haloperidol in the United States.

## Synthesis

The alkylation of 2-chloro-10-(3-chloropropyl)phenothiazine [2765-59-5] (1) with Isonipecotamide [39546-32-2] (2) gives pipamazine (3).