OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Montserrat Volcano Observatory

The Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO) is a volcano observatory which is located on the Caribbean island of Montserrat, where the Soufrière Hills volcano (SHV) has been actively erupting since 1995.
The MVO staff describe their activities as working to reduce the impact of volcanic activity by monitoring, researching, educating, and advising.
The MVO building is situated in the village of Flemmings, near Salem in the parish of St. Peter, in the west of the island.

## History

An operational base was established by the University of the West Indies Seismic Research Unit (SRU) immediately following the first phreatic explosions on 18 July 1995. Various scientists and scientific organizations contributed in the following years, organized at various times by the SRU and British Geological Survey (BGS). The Observatory was officially established as an organization by the Montserrat Government in 1999. It is currently managed by the Seismic Research Centre, University of West Indies.

## Leadership of the Montserrat volcano observatory

The Observatory has been led by a Chief Scientist, or a Director, for most of the time since it was established in 1995. In the earlier stages of operation staff in these roles rotated; later the term was extended. Directors since 2000 have included
* Dr Simon Young
* Dr Peter Dunkley
* Dr Gill Norton
* Dr Sue Loughlin (2004 - 2006)
* Dr Vicky Hards (2006 - 2008)
* Dr Rod Stewart (2008, Acting)
* Dr J-C Komorowski (2008, Acting)
* Dr Nico Fournier (2009, Acting)
* Dr Richard Robertson (2009, Acting)
* Dr Paul Cole (2009 - 2013)
* Dr Rod Stewart (2013 - 2019)
* Dr Graham Ryan (2019 - )

## Reaction to the 1995 outbreaks

The volcanologists monitoring and researching the volcanic activities on Montserrat came under immense political pressure to provide suitable advice after the first outbreak. The eruptions have been deemed a classical example of the black swan problem as a high-profile, hard-to-predict, and rare event which provided major challenges for the prediction of further developments. Until 1995, the volcano had been silent for centuries.
After some difficulties, the involved scientists began to use statistical models to estimate the probabilities of particular events, a rather subjective method, but suitable to build up experience-based expertise (including local knowledge and experience) step by step. A 2012 study about knowledge generation and expert advice on active volcanoes used the Montserrat eruption as a showcase, but included as well interviews with scientists in the United Kingdom, Montserrat, Italy and Iceland during fieldwork seasons. It listed the Montserrat case among other recent and historical eruptions that had an influence on volcanology as a science.

## Online sites

Weekly reports of volcanic activity are posted on the official website; MVO also maintains Facebook and Twitter pages. The MVO has another website with profiles about MVO's staff and general work, but this website is no longer being updated.
# Runavík

Runavík is a comparatively urbanised village in Runavík Municipality, Faroe Islands. It lies on the south half of the isle of Eysturoy.

## Port

Founded in 1916, Runavík has an important port, originally used predominantly by fishing boats but now also a key supply base for the North Sea oil industry as well as a trans-shipment port for freight to and from Europe. The harbour underwent development in the late 1990s and can now accommodate cruise ships.

## Eysturoyartunnilin

A massive infrastructure project has been mounted to build an 11 km-long sub-sea tunnel between Runavík and Tórshavn, thereby significantly reducing travel times to the capital. Construction costs are estimated to be around 1 billion Faroese króna. In 2014 all political parties of the Faroese parliament agreed on how and when to build the Eysturoyartunnilin and the Sandoyartunnilin. The drillings started in 2016 regarding the Eysturoyartunnilin, which opened to the public in December 2020. The work on the Sandoyartunnilin began in 2019. The first step in the projects was to fill out a platform of land in the sea at Saltnes near Runavík for the Eysturoy-tunnel.

## Sport

The local football club is NSÍ Runavík, a men's team who play their home games at the Runavík Stadium. They were Faroe Islands Premier League winners in 2007. In 2020 a women's team was founded.

## Sister Cities

Runavík is twinned with
* Hjørring, Denmark
* Ísafjörður, Iceland
* Egilsstaðir, Iceland
* Uummannaq, Greenland
# Piel Beryl

The Piel CP.70 Beryl is a French twin-seat, single-engine sport aircraft designed by Claude Piel. It was first flown in France in the 1960s and marketed for amateur construction.

## Design and development

Designed by Claude Piel, the Beryl uses the same wing design as the Piel Emeraude but with a new fuselage, exchanging the Emeraude's side-by-side configuration seating for seating in tandem. As originally designed, the aircraft is fitted with fixed, tricycle undercarriage with a steerable nosewheel. Construction throughout is of doped fabric-covered wood.
An aerobatic version, designated the CP.750 was also developed. This differs from the basic CP.70 in having a reduced wingspan, fixed tailwheel undercarriage and a slightly longer fuselage. It retains the CP.70's wooden wings, but the fuselage is built of welded steel tube and still covered in fabric.

## Operational history

The Beryl has been homebuilt by amateur constructors and in 2009 there were still four examples active on the French civil aircraft register. The prototype F-PMEQ, completed in 1965 with tricycle undercarriage, was still active in 2014 modified as a CP.703 with tail-wheel undercarriage. Examples of the design have also been completed in Brazil and the United States.

## Variants
### CP.70

    Standard variant for homebuilding powered by a 65 hp (48 kW) Continental A65-8F or 118 hp (88 kW) Lycoming O-235 engine.

### CP.750

    a CP-70 with 150 hp Lycoming O-320 engine with a reduced wingspan, fixed tailwheel undercarriage, and a slightly longer fuselage.

### CP.751

    CP-750 with 200 hp Lycoming O-360-A2A engine.

## Specifications (CP.70)

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1977–78, p.496
General characteristics
* Crew: One pilot
* Capacity: 1 passenger
* Length: 6.45 m (21 ft 2 in)
* Wingspan: 8.25 m (27 ft 1 in)
* Height: 1.60 m (5 ft 3 in)
* Wing area: 10.9 m$^2$ (117 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 320 kg (700 lb)
* Gross weight: 540 kg (1,190 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental A65-8F , 49 kW (65 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 175 km/h (109 mph, 95 kn)
* Range: 600 km (372 mi, 323 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 3,000 m (9,850 ft)
# Herzogenburg Monastery

Herzogenburg Monastery (German: Stift Herzogenburg) is an Augustinian monastery located in Herzogenburg in Lower Austria. Founded in 1112 by Augustinian Canons, the monastery was refurbished in the Baroque style in 1714 by Jakob Prandtauer, Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, and Josef Munggenast.

## History

The monastery was founded in 1112 by Ulrich I, Bishop of Passau, at St. Georgen an der Traisen, now in Traismauer, at the confluence of the Traisen with the Danube. In 1244 because of frequent flooding it was moved up-river towards Herzogenburg. From 1714 the buildings were refurbished in the Baroque style by Jakob Prandtauer, Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, and Josef Munggenast. The monastery was able to survive the dissolutions enforced by Emperor Joseph II in the late 18th century. Until 1783 the monastery was in the Diocese of Passau, afterwards in the Diocese of St. Pölten.

## Monastery Church

The monastery church was established in about 1014 by Emperor Henry II and is dedicated to Saint Stephen the Protomartyr (after the patron of Passau Cathedral). In 1112 bishop Ulrich I gave the benefice of Herzogenburg to his newly founded monastery at St. Georgen, which moved to Herzogenburg in 1244.
There are few remains of the Gothic church (the portal and the second storey of the tower). The architect of the present church building was Franz Munggenast (son of Josef Munggenast). The rebuilt church was dedicated on 2 October 1785 and was the last significant Baroque church built in Austria.

## Art collection

The emphasis of the collection is on late Gothic works such as panel paintings, sculptures and stained glass windows. The great banqueting hall, the treasury, and the monastic library, as well as the coin cabinet, underline the art-historical importance of the priory in Lower Austria. The Baroque picture gallery is also notable, and does not only contain religious works. A particular curiosity is a well-preserved Roman helmet, dating from about 150 A.D., which was found in a gravel pit in the vicinity.

## Gallery

* Herzogenburg Monastery entrance
* Herzogenburg Monastery
* Herzogenburg Monastery
* Herzogenburg Monastery inner courtyard
* Cloister
* Herzogenburg Monastery Church tower
* Herzogenburg Monastery Church interior
* Herzogenburg Monastery Church ceiling
* Herzogenburg Monastery Church ceiling frescoes
* Herzogenburg Monastery Church ceiling frescoes
* Organ
* Pulpit
* Library
* Herzogenburg Monastery, 1780
* Provost Frigdian I. Knecht (1740–1775)
* The bell „Pummerin“
# Sölden Priory

Sölden Priory was initially a Cluniac monastery of nuns, established in 1115 at Sölden in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in the Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. In the 16th century it became a community of monks.

## History

About A.D. 1087, Saint Ulrich of Zell, a monk of the Abbey of Cluny, founded Bollschweil Priory, a monastery of nuns, which was moved in 1115 to nearby Sölden and became known as Sölden Priory. This foundation was a complement to the monastery he had founded at Grüningen and later moved to Zell, afterwards known as St. Ulrich's Priory in the Black Forest (German: Priorat des sankt Ulrich im Schwarzwald).
Sölden was a priory directly subject to Cluny, as was the norm in that reform congregation of the Order of St. Benedict. The community consisted of approximately 13 to 20 nuns under a prior appointed by Cluny. The priory declined so severely in the 15th century that by 1500 there were no nuns left here, and the priory eventually became occupied by monks. The men were subject at first to St. George's Abbey in the Black Forest from about 1546 and then transferred in 1560 to St. Peter's Abbey in the Black Forest, into which it was formally incorporated in 1598.
The priory was dissolved in 1807 in the course of secularisation.

## Territory and buildings

Sölden's grounds were not extensive and were concentrated in Breisgau. The Vogtei belonged to the Priory of St. Ulrich.
Of the monastic buildings still remaining, the oldest portions date from the 15th century. Much refurbishment took place in the Baroque period.

## Priors of Sölden

* Rudolf Ecklin (1514-1541)
* Johann Maternus Roth (1570, 1580)
* Christoph Sutter (1581)
* Gallus Vögelin (1596)
* Michael Stöcklin (1597)
* Johann Jakob Pfeiffer (vor 1601-1610)
* Johannes Schwab (1612, 1635?)
* Matthäus Welzenmüller (1624?-1637)
* Johann Baptist Heinold (1672, -1692)
* Placidus Steiger (1692-1705)
* Ulrich Bürgi (1705-1712)
* Gregor Gerwig (1712, 1716)
* Heinrich Füegl (1718)
* Aemilian Kaufmann (1723, 1730)
* Cajetan Hildtprandt (1744, 1746)
* Franz Dreer (1756)
* Ulrich van der Lew (1776-1786)
* Paul Hendinger (1786-1807)
# Piel Zephir

The Piel CP.80 Zephir (or Zef), Piel CP.801 and Piel CP.802 are racing aircraft developed in France in the 1970s and marketed for homebuilding. They are compact, single-seat, single-engine monoplanes with low, cantilever wings.

## Design and development

The pilot sits in a fully enclosed cockpit and the tailwheel undercarriage is fixed. Although designed to be built of wood, the first CP.80 to fly (registered F-PTXL and named Zef) was built from composite materials by Pierre Calvel and beat even the designer's own CP.80 into the air. Calvel's CP-80 was entered in the French Formula One air races in 1976, but failed to qualify.

## Variants
### Piel CP.80

    Single seat racer, typically powered by a 100 hp (75 kW) Continental O-200 for Formula One Air Racing.

### Piel CP.802
## Specifications (CP.80)

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 5.3 m (17 ft 5 in)
* Wingspan: 6 m (19 ft 8 in)
* Height: 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in)
* Wing area: 6.2 m$^2$ (67 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 5.8
* Airfoil: NACA 23012
* Empty weight: 260 kg (573 lb)
* Max takeoff weight: 380 kg (838 lb)
* Fuel capacity: 40 L (11 US gal; 8.8 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental C90-8F 4-cyl air-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engine, 67 kW (90 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden fixed pitch propeller, 1.52 m (5 ft 0 in) diameter
Performance
* Maximum speed: 310 km/h (190 mph, 170 kn)
* Cruise speed: 240 km/h (150 mph, 130 kn) at 60% power at 1,200 m (3,900 ft)
* Stall speed: 95 km/h (59 mph, 51 kn)
* Never exceed speed: 380 km/h (240 mph, 210 kn)
* Range: 450 km (280 mi, 240 nmi) at 60% power
* Service ceiling: 6,000 m (20,000 ft)
* Rate of climb: 12 m/s (2,400 ft/min)
* Wing loading: 61.2 kg/m$^2$ (12.5 lb/sq ft)
* Power/mass: 0.177 kW/kg (0.107 hp/lb
# Born to Run (disambiguation)

Born to Run is an album by Bruce Springsteen.
Born to Run may also refer to:

## Literature

* Born to Run (autobiography), a 2016 book by Bruce Springsteen
* Born to Run: A Hidden Tribe, Superathletes, and the Greatest Race the World Has Never Seen, a 2009 book about the Tarahumara Indians by Christopher McDougall
* Born to Run, a 2008 novel by James Grippando
* Born to Run, a 2007 novel by Michael Morpurgo

## Music

* "Born to Run" (Emmylou Harris song) (1982)
* "Born to Run" (Bruce Springsteen song)
* "Born to Run", a song by k-os from Atlantis: Hymns for Disco
* "Born to Run", a song by Lynyrd Skynyrd from The Last Rebel

## Television and film

* Born to Run (TV series), a 1997 television marathon drama series
* "Born to Run" (Lost), a 2005 episode of Lost
* "Born to Run" (Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles), a 2009 episode of Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles
* Ride a Wild Pony or Born to Run, a 1975 Disney film
* Budhia Singh – Born to Run, a 2016 Indian Hindi-language biographical film about child athlete Budhia Singh
# KNSK

KNSK (91.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to Fort Dodge, Iowa. The station is owned by Iowa Public Radio, Inc., and carries the network's "News and Information" and "Studio One" services.
# Lavandula dentata

Lavandula dentata, the fringed lavender or French lavender, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean basin, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Yemen, and the Arabian Peninsula. Growing to 60 cm (24 in) tall, it has gray-green, linear or lance-shaped leaves with toothed edges and a lightly woolly texture. The long-lasting, narrow spikes of purple flowers, topped with pale violet bracts, first appear in late spring. The whole plant is strongly aromatic with the typical lavender fragrance.
Its native habitat includes low hills with limestone substrates amidst other shrubs. It is present on Madeira and the Canary Islands.
One of several species known by the English common name French lavender (see also Lavandula stoechas), it is commonly grown as an ornamental plant and its essential oil is used in perfumes. Like other lavenders, it is particularly associated with dry, sunny, well-drained conditions in alkaline soil. But it will tolerate a range of conditions, though it may be short-lived. The cultivar L. dentata var. dentata 'Royal Crown' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It requires some shelter in frost-prone areas.

## Gallery

* Woolly leaf texture
* Toothed leaves
* Purple flowers
# Bihari–LaSalle inequality

The Bihari–LaSalle inequality was proved by the American mathematician Joseph P. LaSalle (1916–1983) in 1949 and by the Hungarian mathematician Imre Bihari (1915–1998) in 1956. It is the following nonlinear generalization of Grönwall's lemma.
Let u and ƒ be non-negative continuous functions defined on the half-infinite ray [0, ∞), and let w be a continuous non-decreasing function defined on [0, ∞) and w(u) > 0 on (0, ∞). If u satisfies the following integral inequality,
    $u(t)\leq \alpha +\int _{0}^{t}f(s)\,w(u(s))\,ds,\qquad t\in [0,\infty ),$
where α is a non-negative constant, then
    $u(t)\leq G^{-1}\left(G(\alpha )+\int _{0}^{t}\,f(s)\,ds\right),\qquad t\in [0,T],$
where the function G is defined by
    $G(x)=\int _{x_{0}}^{x}{\frac {dy}{w(y)}},\qquad x\geq 0,\,x_{0}>0,$
and G$^{−1}$ is the inverse function of G and T is chosen so that
    $G(\alpha )+\int _{0}^{t}\,f(s)\,ds\in \operatorname {Dom} (G^{-1}),\qquad \forall \,t\in [0,T].$
# Franz Saiko

Franz Saiko (16 February 1931 – 28 August 2012) was an Austrian tennis player.
A native of Vienna, Saiko was a regular fixture in the Austria Davis Cup team from 1954 to 1962, winning a total of 22 rubbers. His best win came against Britain's Mike Sangster in a 1962 tie in Vienna.
Saiko was not known to tour much overseas but made several appearances at the Wimbledon Championships. In 1954 he reached the doubles round of 16 with Hans Redl.
Outside of tennis he worked as a pharmacist.
# Ippokrateio General Hospital, Thessaloniki

Ippokrateio General Hospital of Thessaloniki (Greek: Ιπποκράτειο Γενικο Νοσοκομείο Θεσσαλονίκης) is a public hospital in Thessaloniki, Greece.
The main building was constructed in 1908 as Hirsch Hospital funded by Maurice de Hirsch (architect Pietro Arrigoni).
During the Axis occupation of Greece it was used by the German army. It was renamed after World War II. Today it is part of the National Health System and is the largest hospital in Thessaloniki.
# Thomas E. Wright

Thomas Edward Wright (born August 7, 1955) was a Democratic member of the North Carolina House of Representatives who represented the state's eighteenth district, including constituents in New Hanover and Pender counties, from 1992 to 2008. An EMS instructor from Wilmington, North Carolina, Wright was serving his eighth term in the House when he was expelled from that chamber in 2008. A jury subsequently convicted him of corruption and embezzlement, sending him to jail for a 6-8 year term.
In 2007, the North Carolina State Board of Elections launched an investigation of Wright's campaign finances. The board recommended that Wright be prosecuted. Information revealed in the board's hearings led to calls for Wright to resign.

## Charges

Wright was then indicted by a Wake County grand jury "on five charges of obtaining property by false pretenses and one charge of obstruction of justice" on December 10, 2007.
A House committee unanimously found probable cause to proceed on eight counts of misconduct in 2008. Acting on that committee's final recommendations, the full House voted 109–5 to expel Wright on March 20, 2008. He was the first member of the House expelled since Josiah Turner in 1880.

## Verdict

A few weeks later, a jury found him guilty and he was sentenced to 6–8 years imprisonment. Wright had filed in the Democratic primary for his old seat, but was removed from the ballot as a result of his conviction; the Constitution of North Carolina, like those of most other states, does not allow convicted felons to hold office. He was released on May 27, 2014 after six years in prison.
# France Alouette tram stop

France Alouette tram stop is the terminus of the Pessac Alouette branch of line B of the Bordeaux tramway, and is located in the commune of Pessac. The stop was inaugurated in April 2015, when a second branch of line B was opened from Bougnard to France Alouette. The stop is operated by Transports Bordeaux Métropole.
For most of the day on Mondays to Fridays, trams run at least every ten minutes between France Alouette and Bordeaux city centre. Services run less frequently in the early morning, late evenings, weekends and public holidays.
# Frank Ruff

Frank Miller Ruff Jr. (September 22, 1949 – October 26, 2024) was an American politician who served in the Virginia General Assembly. A Republican, he served in the Virginia House of Delegates for the 61st district from 1994 to 2000 and in the Senate of Virginia for the 15th district from 2000 to 2024 representing parts of Southside Virginia.
Due to ongoing treatment for kidney cancer, Ruff resigned from his Senate seat on January 9, 2024. He had previously been elected to a sixth term in the redrawn 9th district in 2023, a special election was held on January 9, 2024. He died at his home in Clarksville, Virginia, on October 26, 2024, at the age of 75.
# Franz Schachner

Franz Schachner (born 20 July 1950) is an Austrian former competitive luger who competed during the mid-1970s. Teamed with Rudolf Schmid together they won the bronze medal in the men's doubles event at the 1976 Winter Olympics of Innsbruck.
Schachner also won two bronze medals in the men's doubles event at the FIL World Luge Championships (1974, 1975). He also won a silver at the 1970 FIL European Luge Championships in Hammarstrand, Sweden.
# Friedrich Donenfeld

Friedrich Donenfeld (17 January 1912 – 20 March 1976) was an Austrian professional football player and manager.
He played for Thalia Wien, Hakoah Vienna, Maccabi Tel Aviv, Marseille and Red Star
He coached the Colombia national football team, Atlético Junior, the Netherlands national football team, Fortuna Sittard, DHC, Enschedese Boys, VV DOS, Twente, MVV and PEC Zwolle, among others.
# Friedrich Wurmböck

Friedrich "Fritz" Wurmböck (August 2, 1903 – November 26, 1987) was an Austrian field handball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
He was part of the Austrian field handball team, which won the silver medal. He played two matches.
# Fritz Neuruhrer

Fritz Neuruhrer (17 July 1910 – 1977) was an Austrian athlete. He competed in the men's high jump at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Fritz Wächtler (figure skater)

Fritz Wächtler (13 October 1906 – 26 July 1963) was an Austrian figure skater. He competed in the pairs event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.