OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kalman Bloch

Kalman Bloch (May 30, 1913 in Harlem – March 12, 2009 in Los Angeles) was principal clarinetist of the Los Angeles Philharmonic for more than 40 years.
Bloch studied with Simeon Bellison, a notable clarinetist for the New York Philharmonic. As recounted by Dorothy Lamb Crawford in her 2009 book "A Windfall of Musicians: Hitler's Émigrés and Exiles in Southern California," Bloch was hired at the age of 21 by then music director and recent Jewish emigre Otto Klemperer just before the onset of World War II.
Bloch also performed on several film soundtracks, including those of John Williams, Walt Disney's Fantasia, Sunset Boulevard, For Whom the Bell Tolls, North by Northwest, The Wizard of Oz, and Chinatown. He was also a prolific collaborator in Southern California, playing for and recording with conductors such as Arnold Schoenberg and Igor Stravinsky upon their move to Los Angeles along with many other Jewish artists and intellectuals during and after World War II. Bloch also appears on multiple classical recordings with composers and conductors Zubin Mehta, Carlo Maria Giulini, Esa-Pekka Salonen, Otto Klemperer, and Alfred Wallenstein.
As recounted in the April 21, 1956 Los Angeles Times article "Spectators Stir Uproar at Red Probe," Bloch was forced to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) for his and his wife's (artist Frances Bloch-Heifetz) progressive activities in Southern California after World War II. Evoking the 1st and 5th Amendments, he refused to answer any questions regarding his membership in the Communist Party, instead telling the committee that he "abhorred violence." His passport was taken and he was refused travel for the Philharmonic's Asian tour that same year.
Bloch lived and taught in his home and studio in the Franklin Hills neighborhood of Los Feliz for over 50 years. He also taught clarinet at Pomona College and Cal State Fullerton and wrote several books on symphonic repertoire for clarinet. Until his death at the age of 95 in 2009 he was active in progressive and leftist political causes, an active clarinet teacher, and member of the Los Feliz Woodwind Ensemble along with famed member of Frank Zappa and the Mothers of Invention, Bunk Gardner.

## Family

Kalman Bloch is related through his wife Frances (died 2000) to violinist Jascha Heifetz.
His daughter, Michele Zukovsky, is an acclaimed clarinetist and served as principal clarinetist with the Los Angeles Philharmonic from 1961 to 2015.
His grandson, Stefano Bloch is an author and professor in the University of Arizona School of Geography, Development and Environment.
Kalman's nephew, Lenny Heifetz, is a solo pianist in Central California. As of early 2024, Lenny has performed for nearly 6,000 concerts and events, including 600 weddings. Lenny's father, Emanuel Heifetz, noted violinist and educator at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, was Frances Bloch's brother.
# Magik Two: Story of the Fall

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Magik Two: Story of the Fall is the second album in the Magik series by well-known trance DJ and producer Tiësto, who, at the time of the album's release was known as DJ Tiësto; the album was released on Tiësto's Black Hole record label. As with the rest of the Magik series, the album is a live turntable mix.

## Track listing

* Delegate vs. Emo-Trance – "Re-Fresh EP: Return To Tazmania" – 5:35
* Dominion – "Fortunes (VOX)" – 3:57
* Allure – "Rejected" – 4:25
* VDM – "Domino Runner" – 4:24
* HH – "Planetary" – 4:10
* Clear View – "Cry For Love" – 4:52
* The Swimmer – "Stand By" – 6:14
* Malcolm McLaren – "The Bell Song" [Lakmé dub] – 3:41
* Binary Finary – "1998" – 3:41
* Dos Deviants – "Elevate" – 6:26
* Luke Cage – "Dawnbreaker" 4:00
* Taucher – "Waters (Phase III)" – 5:13
* Groovezone – "I Love The Music" – 5:03
* Lord Of Tranz featuring DJ Hoxider – "Trancestors" (Original Mix) – 4:20
* Hammock Brothers – "Earth" – 4:33
* Control Freaks – "Subspace Interference" – 3:15
# Lul

Lul or LUL may refer to:
* Lul, village in South Sudan.
* LUL (symbol), an emote on twitch featuring a picture of video game reviewer TotalBiscuit
* Lambda Upsilon Lambda, an American fraternity
* London Underground Limited, operator of the London Underground
* Olu’bo language (ISO 639-3 code)
* Hesler-Noble Field (IATA code)

## People with the given name Lul

* Lul Krag (1878–1956), a Norwegian painter
* Ras Lul Seged (died 1916), an Ethiopian military leader
# Fujitsu FR

The Fujitsu FR (Fujitsu RISC) is a 32-bit RISC processor family. New variants include a floating point unit and partly video input analog-to-digital converter and digital signal processor. It is supported by Softune, GNU Compiler Collection and other integrated development environments.

## Applications

Fujitsu FR are used to control previous versions of Milbeaut signal processors specialized for image processing. Although variants of the 6th generation in 2011 and later generations changed to dual-core ARM architecture, ASSP/ASIC variants with FR controller are continued. They are also used as processor cores inside versions 1 to 3 of the Nikon Expeed image processors (versions 3A and 4 have moved to ARM CPUs).
# Heinkel He 57

The Heinkel He 57 was a single engine amphibious flying boat built in 1929.

## Development

The sole He 57 (factory designation HE.57) was built by the Ernst-Heinkel-Flugzeugwerken at Warnemunde in 1929. It was displayed at the Paris Aero Show in December 1930 and at the Stockholm International Aero Show in May 1931. It was purchased by the flying school at List auf Sylt who used it as a trainer.

## Design

The double stepped hull was made of aluminum. The wings used wood spars and aluminum ribs with fabric covering. The landing gear was hydraulically raised with a manual pump.

## Specifications Heinkel He 57

Data from Flight unless noted
General characteristics
* Capacity: 6
* Length: 11.8 m (38 ft 9 in)
* Wingspan: 16.00 m (52 ft 6 in)
* Wing area: 39.2 m$^2$ (422 sq ft)
* Gross weight: 2,440 kg (5,380 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Pratt and Whitney Wasp Radial, 340 kW (450 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 195 km/h (121 mph, 105 kn)
* Service ceiling: 3,800 m (12,500 ft)
* Time to altitude: 5 min to 1,000 m (3,300 ft)
* Wing loading: 62.3 kg/m$^2$ (12.75 lb/sq ft)
* Landing speed: 93 km/h (58 mph; 50 kn)
# FMA I.Ae.20 El Boyero

The FMA 20 El Boyero ("Shepherd") was a light utility aircraft produced in Argentina in the 1940s. It was a conventional high-wing strut-braced monoplane with a fixed tailskid undercarriage, seating two side by side in an enclosed cabin.

## Development

The Fábrica Argentina de Aviones (FMA) began design work on the El Boyero in 1939, to meet the needs of Argentine flying clubs for a training aircraft. Two prototypes were built, with the first, powered by a 50 hp (37 kW) Continental A50 flat four engine, flying on 2 November 1940, and the second early the following year. The El Boyero was a single-engine tractor high-wing monoplane, with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage. Its fuselage had a steel tube structure with fabric covering, while the aircraft's wing, which was braced to the fuselage with steel tube struts, had spars of spruce, with ribs of aluminium alloy. Pilot and instructor sat side-by-side in an enclosed cabin, and were provided with dual controls.
As FMA was busy building military aircraft production rights were sold to the private firm Sfreddo y Paolini [es] but they were unable to start production due to a shortage of materials and equipment as a result of the Second World War. After the end of the war, production rights were re-assigned to Petrolini Hermanos. This company received an order for 160 aircraft from the Argentine government, and commenced deliveries in January 1949.

## Operational history

The aircraft, powered by 65 hp (48 kW) Continental A65-8 or 75 hp (56 kW) Continental A-75 engines, were distributed to Argentina's aeroclubs and to the military, which used it as a spotter and liaison aircraft. Petrolini experienced great difficulties sourcing sufficient materials to complete the order, and in 1951 ceased production, having completed 130 aircraft.

## Operators
### Argentina

* Argentine Air Force
* Argentine Army
* Argentine National Gendarmerie

## Specifications

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1948
General characteristics
* Crew: One pilot
* Capacity: 1 passenger
* Length: 7.10 m (23 ft 4 in)
* Wingspan: 11.50 m (37 ft 9 in)
* Height: 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)
* Wing area: 17.7 m$^2$ (191 sq ft)
* Airfoil: NACA 23012
* Empty weight: 325 kg (717 lb)
* Gross weight: 550 kg (1,213 lb)
* Fuel capacity: 70 L (18 US gal; 15 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental A65 air-cooled flat-four engine, 48 kW (65 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 167 km/h (104 mph, 90 kn)
* Cruise speed: 140 km/h (87 mph, 76 kn)
* Range: 650 km (400 mi, 350 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 4,000 m (13,100 ft)
# A Resistance

A Resistance (Korean: 항거:유관순 이야기) is a 2019 South Korean biographical period drama film directed by Cho Min-ho, starring Go Ah-sung, Kim Sae-byuk, Kim Ye-eun, Jeong Ha-dam and Ryu Kyung-soo.

## Summary

During the Japanese colonial period, Yu Gwan-sun, who led the March First Movement, is imprisoned. However, she does not give in and unites fellow prisoners to resist Japan. The Japanese security chief, suspicious of unrest, tricks her colleagues and uncovers Gwan-sun's role as the leader, and tortures her severely. After this, Gwan-sun pretends to obey the Japanese but secretly prepares another independence movement. This movement spreads beyond the prison and into the streets. Gwan-sun is once again subjected to merciless torture. She dies two days before her release.

## Cast

* Go Ah-sung as Yu Gwan-sun
* Kim Sae-byuk as Kim Hyang-hwa
* Kim Ye-eun as Kwon Ae-ra [ko]
* Jeong Ha-dam as Lee Ok-yi
* Ryu Kyung-soo as Nishida / Jung Chun-young
* Jin Ho-eun as South prisoner
* Choi Moo-sung

## Production

Principal photography began on October 29, 2018, and wrapped on November 30, 2018.

## Awards and nominations

| Awards | Category | Recipient | Result | Ref. |
| 55th Baeksang Arts Awards | Best Actress | Go Ah-sung | Nominated | |
| 40th Blue Dragon Film Awards | Best Actress | Go Ah-sung | Nominated | |
# Chakravarthy (1977 film)

Chakravarthy is a 1977 Indian Tamil-language action drama film directed by Krishnan–Panju. It was later remade in Telugu as Mugguru Mithrulu (1985), in Hindi as Dosti Dushmani (1986) and in Kannada as Brahma Vishnu Maheshwara (1988).

## Plot

Chakravarthy, a rich boy; Ranjit, a criminal's son brought up by Chakravarthy's family; and Prakash are close friends. Chakravarthy, who becomes a renowned surgeon, finds his short temper the main cause of the rift between him and Ranjit, who had become a police officer. Chakravarthy, by saving Ranjit's wife from molestation and rescuing Ranjit's own sister from the slums, eventually clears his friend's misunderstandings about him.

## Cast

* Jaishankar
* Thengai Srinivasan
* Srikanth
* S. A. Ashokan
* Senthamarai
* V. S. Raghavan (guest appearance)
* Sarada
* Sripriya
* Y. Vijaya
* M. N. Rajam
* S. N. Parvathy
* Manorama

## Production

Chakravarthy was directed by the duo Krishnan–Panju, and produced by P. V. T. Productions. The story and dialogues were written by Mahendran. The final length of the film measured 4,281.54 metres (14,047.0 ft).

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by V. Kumar, and the lyrics were written by Kannadasan.
# ETM

ETM may refer to:
* Encrypt-then-MAC
* Energy and Technology Museum, in Vilnius, Lithuania
* Entercom, an American broadcasting company
* Estuarine turbidity maximum
* European Travel Monitor
* Ramon International Airport, in Israel
# Michel Chauveau

Michel Chauveau (French pronunciation:; born 1956) is a French historian and Egyptologist known for authoring Egypt in the Age of Cleopatra and Cleopatra: Beyond the Myth. Chauveau is Director of Studies at the École pratique des hautes études in Paris.
# 2025 Cambridge and Peterborough mayoral election

The 2025 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough mayoral election is due to take place on 1 May 2025 to elect the Mayor of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough. This will be on the same day as other local elections. Nik Johnson was first elected in 2021.

## Background

* Paul Bristow (Conservative)
# Mark Changizi

Mark Changizi (born 1969) is an American theoretical cognitive scientist. He is known for his research on evolutionary origins of biological and cognitive design, including the "Perceiving the present" hypothesis to understand optical illusions, the "Nature-Harnessing" theory for the origins of writing, speech and music, the skin-signaling hypothesis for the origins of primate red-green vision, and the rain-tread hypothesis for pruney fingers.

## Early life and education

Changizi was born in New Jersey in 1969. His mother is American and his father, a physicist, is from Iran. He graduated from the Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in Alexandria, Virginia. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics and math from the University of Virginia and a PhD in math from the University of Maryland, College Park.

## Career

In 2002, he won a Sloan-Swartz Fellowship in Theoretical Neurobiology at the California Institute of Technology, and in 2007 he became an assistant professor in the Department of Cognitive Science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Changizi also conducted research at the University College Cork and Duke University.
Changizi says that visual illusions are due to a neural lag which most humans experience while awake. When light hits the retina, about one-tenth of a second goes by before the brain translates the signal into a visual perception of the world. Changizi asserts that the human visual system has evolved to compensate for neural delays by generating images of what will occur one-tenth of a second into the future. This foresight enables humans to react to events in the present, enabling humans to perform reflexive acts like catching a fly ball and to maneuver smoothly through a crowd. Although not the first to suggest this idea, he was the first to show how the idea can explain and unify a large variety of perceptual illusions.
In 2010, together with colleague Dr. Tim Barber, Changizi started the research institute 2ai Labs, with the idea to start tech companies based on his research, and subsequently bring funding toward further research at the institute. Changizi took the post of director of human cognition at 2ai.

## Publications
### Books

* The brain from 25,000 feet, 2003
* The Vision Revolution: How the Latest Research Overturns Everything We Thought We Knew About Human Vision, 2010
* Harnessed: How Language and Music Mimicked Nature and Transformed Ape to Man, 2011
* Expressly Human: Decoding the Language of Emotion, 2022

### Articles

* Changizi M A, Widders D M, 2002, "Latency correction explains the classical geometrical illusions" Perception 31(10) 1241–1262
* Changizi, M. A., Hsieh, A., Nijhawan, R., Kanai, R., & Shimojo, S. (2008). Perceiving the Present and a Systematization of Illusions. Cognitive Science, 32(3), 459–503. http://doi.org/10.1080/03640210802035191
# Washington Benavides

Washington Benavides (3 March 1930 – 24 September 2017) was a Uruguayan poet, professor and musician.

## Writing career

Benavides was born in Tacuarembó, Uruguay. During the 1950s, Benavides contributed to the magazine Asir. In 1955, he published his first book Tata Vizcach, a satire of various personalities in his native city. After that he devoted himself heavily to poetry, eventually earning himself a place among the most important Uruguayan poets of his generation. During the dictatorship of Juan María Bordaberry, he promoted the revolutionary possibilities of popular music.
Benavides taught literature at the secondary level. He later joined the Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences in the Department of Modern and Contemporary Letters of the University of the Republic, Uruguay. He also worked in radio broadcasting. His poems have been set to music by Daniel Viglietti, Alfredo Zitarrosa, Héctor Numa Moraes, and Eduardo Darnauchans, such as in the songs "El instrumento", Bismark Vega "Dialogo de musicos", "Como un jazmín del país", "Milonga del Cordobés", "Yo no soy de por aquí", and "Tanta vida en cuatro versos".
Washington died in Montevideo, Uruguay on 24 September 2017 at the age of 87.

## Works

* Tata Vizcacha (1955)
* El Poeta (1959)
* A un hermano (1962)
* Poesía (1963)
* Las milongas (1966)
* Poemas de la ciega (1968)
* Los sueños de la razón (1968)
* Historias (1971)
* Hokusai (1975)
* Fontefrida (1979)
* Murciélago (1981)
* Finisterre (1985)
* Fotos (1986)
* Tía Cloniche (1990)
* Lección de exorcista (1991)
* El molino del agua (1993) -Premio Nacional y Municipal-
* La luna negra y el profesor (1994)
* Los restos del mamut (1995)
* Canciones de doña Veus (1998)
* El mirlo y la misa (2000)
* Los pies clavados (2000)
* Biografía de Caín (2001)
* Un viejo trovador (2004)
* Diarios del Iporá (2006)
# Nikabad

Nikabad (Persian: نيك آباد) is a city in the Central District of Jarqavieh County, Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is also the administrative center for Jarqavieh Vosta Rural District.

## Demographics
### Language

The town is Persian-speaking.

### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 4,164 in 1,156 households, when it was capital of Jarqavieh Sofla District of Isfahan County. The following census in 2011 counted 4,303 people in 1,327 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 4,364 people in 1,442 households.
In 2021, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Jarqavieh County.

## Notable people

Prominent Iranian cleric brothers Hassan Sanei and Yousef Saanei are from Nikabad.

## Gallery

* The historic windcatcher
* An historic citadel
* The shrine of Milamhmandali Alarm Bidgeli
# Brent Howard

Brent Howard is an American attorney and politician serving as a member of the Oklahoma Senate from the 38th district. Elected in November 2018, he assumed office on January 14, 2019.

## Early life and education

Howard was born in Southwestern Oklahoma and raised in the town of Altus. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Oklahoma State University–Stillwater, a Juris Doctor from the University of Oklahoma College of Law, and a Master of Laws from the New York University School of Law.

## Career

After graduating from law school, Howard established a private legal practice, where he specializes in estate and tax law. He was elected to the Oklahoma Senate in November 2018 and assumed office on January 14, 2019. Howard also serves as vice chair of the Senate Finance Committee. He endorsed Ron DeSantis for the 2024 presidential election.
In 2024, Howard sponsored HB 4118, along with Representative David Hardin, which would weaken water protection laws by reducing regulations and penalties associated with industrial chicken waste contamination that flows into lakes and rivers.
# Campo da Feira

The Largo da República do Brasil, popularly known as Campo da Feira, is the largest and one of the most important squares in Guimarães, Portugal. It has many of the city's landmarks such as the Santos Passos Church, the S. Francisco Comercial Center and the old Colégio de Nossa Senhora da Conceição.

## Description

In the south of the Campo da Feira is located the main attraction of the square, the Santos Passos Church, and opposite to it are the streets that lead to the Oliveira Square and the Medieval Walls and the Nossa Senhora da Guia Chapel and respective oratory. These are separated by three rectangular gardens filled with flowers and bushes that are changed periodically to match the current season.
These gardens are surrounded by Portuguese pavement and subsequently by roads. The garden farthest from the church, previously a roundabout, features a stone fountain at its front and the garden closest to the church features four granite statues, one at each corner, with the two statues farthest from the church having small fountains incorporated in their pedestal.
These statues were previously located next to the Santos Passos Church, on the columns of the staircase leading up to it. The statues represent the four saints who wrote the epistles, St. Paul, St. Peter, St. James and St. Jude. The gardens, officially called Jardins do Largo da República do Brasil, received the national award for good practices in local administration in 2008.

## Landmarks
### Church

The Santos Passos Church is an 18th-century Portuguese baroque Catholic. It was constructed to replace a chapel that previously occupied the same site. It received the “protected landmark” status by the Portuguese government in 1993. It is also located within the Historic Centre of Guimarães area, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, since 2001. The church plays a significant role in many of the festivities and religious celebrations of Guimarães, such as the Pinheiro.

### Theatre

The square was home of the Vila Pouca Theatre, located on the right side of the Campo da Feira. After the Count of Vila Pouca Theatre was purposely burned down on the night of 18 January 1841, the Afonso Henriques Theatre was built on the northwest part of the square in 1853, to replace it. It was inaugurated in 1855 but due to its poor state and decaying structure it was demolished in the 1940s, being replaced by the Jordão Theatre, built in 1937 and inaugurated in 1938 at the Afonso Henriques Avenue.
# Bhutta Village

Bhutta Village (Urdu: بھٹا گاوں) is a village in Karachi, Pakistan, which is near Keamari and the Karachi Port.
Bhutta village faces significant administrative neglect. The mostly unplanned settlement suffers from a lack of basic infrastructure, with narrow streets, no streetlights, and unpaved lanes.

## History

The village is situated south of Chinna Creek. Once submerged by the sea and enveloped in mangrove swamps, the area underwent significant transformation through deforestation and land reclamation, leading to the establishment of the settlement. Originally known as Jungleabad (Urdu: جنگل آباد) due to the abundant mangrove trees that once thrived here, Bhutta's evolution reflects Karachi's relentless expansion and human colonisation at the expense of nature.
During the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971, the village was bombed by the Indian Air Force, resulting in over 70 casualties and injuring more than 100 people.

## Demographics

Several different tribes live here, though Pathans and Kutchis constitute up to 90% population of this town. Other ethnic tribes living here are the Punjabi, Arain, Sindhi, Hazara and now a growing population of the Baloch, who have migrated from Lyari Town because of a Gang War Operation.

## Sports

Bhutta village boasts a strong tradition in football and cricket, the two most popular sports in the area. The village is home to two football clubs: Keamari Mohammadan, an over 100-year-old football club, established in the 1900s. This club has an impressive record, having won nearly every major local trophy in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, making it the most successful club in the history of Keamari Town. The second notable club is Bhutta Mohammadan, which also contributes to the village’s rich sporting culture.