# 1797 in science

The year 1797 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Chemistry

* Smithson Tennant demonstrates that diamond is a pure form of carbon.
* Louis Nicolas Vauquelin discovers chromium.
* Joseph Proust proposes the law of definite proportions, which states that elements always combine in small, whole number ratios to form compounds.

## Mathematics

* Lagrange publishes his Théorie des fonctions analytiques.

## Physics

* Giovanni Battista Venturi describes the Venturi effect.

## Technology

* October 22 – André-Jacques Garnerin carries out the first descent using a frameless parachute, a 980 m (3,200 feet) drop from a balloon in Paris.
* English naval engineer Samuel Bentham applies for patents covering several machines to produce wood veneers; in his patent applications, he describes the concept of laminating several layers of veneer with glue to form a thicker piece – the first description of what in modern times becomes known as plywood.

## Zoology

* Thomas Bewick publishes the first volume, Land Birds, of his History of British Birds.

## Awards

* Copley Medal: Not awarded

## Births

* January 3 – Frederick William Hope, British zoologist (died 1862)
* January 4 – Wilhelm Beer, Prussian astronomer (died 1850)
* February – Joseph-Alphonse Adhémar, French mathematician (died 1862)
* February 2 – Joseph Guislain, Flemish psychiatrist (died 1860)
* February 5 – Jean-Marie Duhamel, French mathematician and physicist (died 1872)
* March 10 – George Poulett Scrope, British geologist and economist (died 1876)
* March 21 – Johann Andreas Wagner, German paleontologist, zoologist and archeologist (died 1861)
* April 29 – George Don, Scottish botanist (died 1856)
* May 2 – Abraham Gesner, Canadian inventor of kerosene (died 1864)
* May 30 – Karl Friedrich Naumann, German geologist and mineralogist (died 1873)
* July 14 – James Scott Bowerbank, British naturalist, geologist and paleontologist (died 1877)
* July 26 – William Hutton, British geologist and paleontologist (died 1860)
* August 23 – Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant, French mechanician and mathematician (died 1886)
* August 31 – James Ferguson, Scottish-born American astronomer (died 1867)
* September 1 – Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut, French chemist (died 1881)
* September 10 – Carl Gustaf Mosander, Swedish chemist (died 1858)
* September 17 – Heinrich Kuhl, German zoologist (died 1821)
* October 4 – Félix Savary, French astronomer (died 1841)
* October 5 – John Gardner Wilkinson, British egyptologist (died 1875)
* November 14 – Charles Lyell, Scottish geologist (died 1875)
* November 20 - Mary Buckland, British paleontologist and marine biologist (died 1857)
* December 3
** Margaretta Morris, American entomologist (died 1867)
** Andrew Smith, Scottish military surgeon, explorer, ethnologist and zoologist (died 1872)
* December 17 – Joseph Henry, American scientist (died 1878)
* December 23 – Adrien-Henri de Jussieu, French botanist (died 1853)

## Deaths

* March 16 – Cristina Roccati, Italian scholar in physics (born 1732)
* March 26 – James Hutton, Scottish geologist (born 1726)
* June 13 – Samuel-Auguste Tissot, Swiss physician (born 1728)
* August 29 – Joseph Wright, English painter of scientific subjects (born 1734)
* date unknown – Wang Zhenyi, Chinese Qing dynasty female astronomer and poet (born 1768)