OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Planktosphaeria

Planktosphaeria is a genus of Chlorophyceae of the green algae. It was first described by the phycologist Gilbert Morgan Smith in 1918, with Planktosphaeria gelatinosa as its type species. Species of Planktosphaeria are commonly found in freshwater plankton around the world.

## Description

Planktosphaeria consists of solitary cells or in clusters of 8 to 16. Cells are spherical, usually surrounded by a layer of mucilage, sometimes with multiple layers. Young cells have a single chloroplast with a pyrenoid. Mature cells have numerous angular chloroplasts that are parietal, with one or several pyrenoids.
Distinguishing Planktosphaeria from other nonmotile coccoid, spherical algae is difficult. Often, Planktosphaeria forms loose ring-like aggregations shortly after vegetative reproduction; when this happens, the mother cell wall may remain, which is a useful identification trait.

## Taxonomy

The taxonomy of Planktosphaeria has been muddled in confusion, particularly with regards to the similar genus Follicularia. Follicularia is a genus that produces zoospores, while Planktosphaeria was characterized by reproduction via autospores only. The phycologist Richard C. Starr redefined Planktosphaeria to include Follicularia and subsequently described several species under the name Planktosphaeria; all of these were isolated from soil samples and produced zoospores.
Phylogenetic analysis of the strains isolated by Starr has revealed that zoospore-producing "Planktosphaeria" species were separate from autospore-producing algae, and therefore the name Follicularia has been reapplied to zoospore-producing algal strains. However, zoospore-producing "Planktosphaeria" are also polyphyletic, with the strains falling into two separate clades. Strains from one clade were reclassified in a new genus, named Herndonia. The nature and classification of "true" Planktosphaeria gelatinosa is still uncertain, because no authentic strain of Planktosphaeria gelatinosa matching the genus-level characteristics exists.
# The Black Ace (1944 film)

The Black Ace (Spanish: El as negro) is a 1944 Mexican mystery film directed and co-written by René Cardona and starring David T. Bamberg and Manuel Medel.

## Cast

* David T. Bamberg as Fu Manchu
* Tony Díaz
* Janice Logan
* Chel López
* Manuel Medel
* Salvador Quiroz
* Charles Stevens
# Marie-Adrienne Chameroy

Marie-Adrienne Chameroy (1779 – 25 October 1802) was a French dancer who performed at the Paris Opera.
She was born in Paris and studied dance with Pierre Gardel. She made her debut in the ballet Psyché in February 1796, performing the role of Terpsichore, the muse of dance. In the opera Anacréon chez Polycrate, she is said to have given a remarkable performance where she represented in dance the musicality of the orchestra's clarinet. She was said to have combined the abilities of dancer Auguste Vestris with an inimitable grace.
She died during childbirth in Paris at the age of 23.
The priest at the church of Saint-Roch refused to allow her body to be brought into the church or to perform a funeral service for Chameroy. The priest at the Couvent des Filles-Saint-Thomas [fr] agreed to perform the funeral. The priest at Saint-Roch was disciplined by the archbishop of Paris for his actions. The incident inspired a libelle entitled Querelle de saint Roch et de saint Thomas sur l’ouverture du manoir céleste à Mademoiselle Chameroy ("Quarrel between Saint Roch and Saint Thomas about allowing Miss Chameroy to enter heaven").
# Cindy: The Doll Is Mine

Cindy: The Doll Is Mine is a short film written and directed by French director Bertrand Bonello.
It stars Italian actress Asia Argento in the double role of photographer Cindy Sherman, a brunette, and her model, a blonde who strangely resemble one another.
The film was screened out of competition at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.

## Cast

* Asia Argento as Cindy Sherman / The model
# Hassan Ali Abokor

Hassan Ali Abokor (Somali: Xasan Cali Abokor) was first chief of staff of the Somaliland Armed Forces. As of 2024, he is the only national military commander who is not Habr Awal branch.

## Biography

Hassan Ali Abokor is from the Habr Je'lo branch of the Isaaq clan.
On May 27 1988, he was one of the Somali National Movement (SNM) commanders, along with Mohamed Kahin Ahmed and Axmed Mirre, when the SNM captured Burco. Later, Adan Salebaan (Ma-Gube) became army commander and Hassan Ali Abokor became deputy commander.

### First commander of the Somaliland Army

In 1993, Hassan Ali Abokor was appointed by the President of Somaliland as the first commander of the Somaliland Armed Forces.
In 1994, he created the formal Somaliland National Army with General Abdisamad Gamgam under Army Chief of Staff Muse Bihi Abdi.
In 1996 he was replaced as commander by Osman Awad Hashi (Osman Dacas).

### Thereafter

In November 2006, Hassan Ali Abokor expressed his condolences on the passing of Hassan Yonis Habane.
In November 2010, he was reported as a leading candidate for Director of National Intelligence, but was ultimately replaced by Maxamed Nuur Xirsi.
In February 2016, at the celebration of the 22nd anniversary of the creation of the National Armed Forces, he was named by the President of Somaliland as one of the first seven people to have contributed to the National Armed Forces.
In February 2017, at a ceremony marking the 23rd anniversary of the creation of the national army, the president of Somaliland praised him by name.
# Pierre Letuaire

Pierre Letuaire (6 August 1798, in Toulon – 2 September 1885, in Toulon) was a French painter, designer and caricaturist.

## Biography

He was born to a family of craftsmen and merchants. In 1815, not long after graduating from the Collège de Toulon his father, a master toolmaker, died and he became head of the family; a disabled mother and three siblings. He worked primarily as a designer of letterheads, labels, and similar items.
In 1823, he became a professor of design at his alma mater, the Collège. He would occupy that post until 1867. During his tenure, he created free drawing classes, open to masons, carpenters and other professional trades, for which he was awarded the Legion of Honor in 1860, during a visit by Napoléon III.
In 1837, he accompanied French forces to the Siege of Constantine; bringing back numerous sketches and portraits. In 1840, he exhibited his large composition, "Un épisode de l'armée d'Algérie". In 1844, he became a press correspondent for L'Illustration, and held that position until 1869. He also provided illustrations for Le Mistral, La Provence artistique et pittoresque and Le Monde illustré.
In 1867, on the occasion of his retirement from the Collège, he was presented with the Ordre des Palmes académiques and, the following year, he was appointed a municipal Councilor. His students included Vincent Courdouan and Barthélemy Lauvergne [fr].
He died of cholera, aged eighty-seven. The street where he was born was named after him. Many of his works may be seen at the Musée d'art de Toulon [fr].
# Paul Muhona

Paul Muhona Lumbu Mukangana Ndjamba was a Congolese and Katangese politician.

## Early life

Muhona was born on 12 May 1934 as the son of André Muhona, a Chokwe, and Sompo Thérèse, a Lunda.

## Independent Congo and Katangese secession

On 16 June 1960, right before Congolese independence from Belgium, the Provincial Assembly of the Katanga Province elected Muhona as a Minister for Public Health, before becoming Minister for Work and Social Affairs. Eleven days after Congolese independence from Belgium, on 11 July 1960, President of the Provincial Assembly Moïse Tshombe declared the independence of the State of Katanga. Muhona became Minister for Work and Social Affairs. His Chef de cabinet was Raymond Deghilage and deputy Chef de cabinet was Christophe Kolongo. After the death of the eldest member of the Katangese government, Joseph Kiwele, Muhona also took over his portfolio as Minister for Education and Cultural Affairs, Youth, and Sports, until the end of the Katangese secession in January 1963.
Next to his ministerial functions, he was a professor of constitutional law at the Institute for Advanced Social Studies of Elisabethville, professor of sociology at the Centre for the Training of Administrative Cadres, as well as President of the Board of Administrators of the Official University of Congo in Elisabethville.

## After the end of the Katangese secession

After the end of the Katangese secession, Muhona became a member of the Constitutional Commission of Luluabourg where he presented the new Lualaba Province. In that province, he later became a provincial Minister for Work and Social Affairs, Youth, Sports, Education and Culture. When the Lualaba province was reunited again with Katanga-Oriental to form the South Katanga, he became Minister of Public Works, later of Public Health.
In 1968, Muhona became the governor of Kasai-Occidental

## Personal life and death

Paul Muhona married Béatrice Bibombe (Zairianised: Bibombe Kadiyoyo). The couple had eight children.

## Honors

* Grand Officer of the Order of the Leopard
* Officer of the Order of La Pléiade
# Frank Kramer (footballer, born 1947)

Frank Kramer (27 November 1947 – 1 December 2020) was a Dutch footballer who played as a striker, TV presenter and football commentator.

## Club career

Born in Amsterdam as the youngest in a family of seven children, the curly-haired Kramer played for hometown side Blauw Wit and moved to the newly-formed FC Amsterdam in 1972. In the 1973/74 season he was sent on loan to MVV but did not want to return to FC Amsterdam after a feud with manager Pim van de Meent. In 1975 he joined Telstar and then FC Volendam. He made his debut for Volendam on 14 August 1977 against AZ'67 and scored 27 goals in 98 league matches in two spells for them. He went on to play for Haarlem and Telstar again before finishing his career at Volendam.
Kramer scored 23 goals in 126 Eredivisie matches. A colourful figure, Kramer once showed the Ajax supporters his bare buttocks after being constantly mocked by them.

## Television

During his playing career, he also worked as a flight attendant for Lufthansa and was a German language teacher. In 1977 he started a television career which took him from presenting AVRO's Sportpanorama and Sterrenslag to De Frank Kramer Show, Hints and Boggle. He worked as a commentator for Eurosport from 1994 through 2018, reporting on the Africa Nations Cup and Major League Soccer matches among others.

## Personal life

He lost his sister and his girlfriend at a young age. In the 1970s, Kramer was in a relationship with musician Judy Schomper. From 1997 he was with his wife Mira de Vries.
Kramer got ill on his 73rd birthday and fell in a coma. He died four days later.
# Coelotanypus scapularis

Coelotanypus scapularis is a species of midge in the family Chironomidae. Larvae are aquatic, feeding on diatoms, crustaceans, oligochaetes, and other insects.
# Cheilodipterus macrodon

Cheilodipterus macrodon, the large-toothed cardinalfish , or tiger cardinalfish is a species of marine fish in the family Apogonidae. It is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region, Red Sea included.
The large-toothed cardinalfish can reach a maximum size of 25 cm in length, and live at depths of 1-40m.
# Widow's Pension (UK)

The Widow’s Pension was one of the oldest established part of the Social Security system in the United Kingdom. It was replaced by Bereavement benefit in April 2001.
Benefits for Widows were first established by the Widows', Orphans' and Old Age Contributory Benefits Act 1925 at a rate of 10 shillings a week for life, to stop on remarriage.
To get any benefit as a widow a woman had to be married to her husband, and be his only wife, at the time of his death. She was still entitled if separated or if a divorce had not reached the stage of decree absolute. All Widow's benefits stop on remarriage.
The claimant had to be over 45 but under 65 either when their husband died or when their Widowed Mother’s Allowance stopped.
There was also an entitlement an earnings related component. Widows under 55 when their husband died or when they ceased being entitled to Widowed Mother’s Allowance got a reduction is 7% for each year they were below 55.
Widow’s Pension lasted until retirement and was taxable.
It counted in full for all Means-tested benefits. It was possible to get Incapacity Benefit together with widow’s pension.
# Stone Rural

Stone Rural is a civil parish in the Stafford district, in the county of Staffordshire, England. The parish includes the settlements of Aston-By-Stone, Burybank, Cotwalton, Knenhall, Meaford, Moddershall, Oulton, Oulton Grange and Oulton Heath. In 2011 the parish had a population of 1652. The parish touches Barlaston, Chebsey, Fulford, Hilderstone, Marston, Sandon and Burston, Stone, Swynnerton, Whitgreave and Yarnfield and Cold Meece. There are 39 listed buildings in Stone Rural. The council office is in Moddershall.

## History

The parish was formed on 31 December 1894 when Stone parish was split into "Stone Rural" and "Stone Urban". On 31 March 1897 Hilderstone was created from part of Stone Rural, on 1 April 1897 Fulford was created from part of Stone Rural. On 1 April 1922 518 acres was transferred to Stoke on Trent. On 1 April 1932 377 acres was transferred to Fulford, 423 acres was transferred to Sandon, 572 acres was transferred to Stone and 1621 acres was transferred to Swynnerton.
# Arvelius

Arvelius is a genus of stink bugs in the family Pentatomidae. There are about 13 described species in Arvelius.

## Species

These 13 species belong to the genus Arvelius:
* Arvelius acutispinus Breddin, 1909
* Arvelius albopunctatus (De Geer, 1773) (tomato stink bug)
* Arvelius caballeroi Brailovsky
* Arvelius confusus Brailovsky
* Arvelius ecuadorensis Brailovsky
* Arvelius haitiana Brailovsky
* Arvelius intermediata Brailovsky
* Arvelius latus Breddin, 1909
* Arvelius longirostris Brailovsky, 1981
* Arvelius nigroantennatus Brailovsky
* Arvelius paralongirostris Brailovsky
* Arvelius peruana Brailovsky
* Arvelius porrectispinus Breddin, 1909
# Michigan City, Mississippi

Michigan City, formerly known as Davis Mills, is an unincorporated community in Benton County, Mississippi, United States.

## History

The majority of the first settlers being natives of the state of Michigan caused the name to be selected. Michigan City was formerly home to a flour mill and lumber mill.
A post office operated under the name Davis Mills from 1871 to 1875 and first began operation under the name Michigan City in 1875.
Davis' Mills Battle Site, a Civil War battlefield listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located in Michigan City.

## Geography

[ It is located along Mississippi Highway 7 in north central Benton County, just south of the Tennessee state line, approximately three miles north of U. S. Route 72.
Mississippi Highway 702 is called Main Street in Michigan City.
The nearly abandoned Mississippi Central Railroad, which is used only rarely for freight traffic, runs through Michigan City.
# Buttonwood

Buttonwood or Buttonwoods may refer to:
* "Buttonwood", a finance column in The Economist
* Buttonwood Agreement, 1792 effort to organize securities trading that created the predecessor of the New York Stock Exchange

## Plants

Buttonwood or button wood might refer to:
* Conocarpus, a genus of flowering plants native to tropical regions of the world, particularly:
** Conocarpus erectus, native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world
* Platanus, a genus of tree species native to the Northern Hemisphere, particularly:
** Platanus occidentalis, native to North America
* Glochidion, a genus of flowering plants distributed from Madagascar to the Pacific Islands, particularly:
** Glochidion ferdinandi, native to eastern Australia

## Places

* Buttonwood, Pennsylvania, a village along Pennsylvania Route 284
* Buttonwood Corners, New Jersey, an unincorporated community
* Buttonwood Covered Bridge, a covered bridge in the US state of Pennsylvania

## Institutions

* Buttonwood Park Historic District, a historic district in New Bedford, Massachusetts
* Buttonwood Park Zoo, a zoo in New Bedford, Massachusetts
* Buttonwoods Beach Historic District, a historic district in Warwick, Rhode Island
* Buttonwoods Museum, a museum in Haverhill, Massachusetts
# Halsbach (river)

Halsbach is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It flows into the Alz in Burgkirchen an der Alz.
# Left corner parser

In computer science, a left corner parser is a type of chart parser used for parsing context-free grammars. It combines the top-down and bottom-up approaches of parsing. The name derives from the use of the left corner of the grammar's production rules.
An early description of a left corner parser is "A Syntax-Oriented Translator" by Peter Zilahy Ingerman.
# Maryvonne Blondin

Maryvonne Blondin (born 20 January 1947) is a member of the Senate of France, representing the Finistère department. She is a member of the Socialist Party.
Blondin became Deputy mayor of Ergué-Gabéric in 1989. In 2001, she was elected General councillor of Finistère (Brittany) and will become as a consequence one of the vice-presidents of the Counsel General. She was elected Senator on 22 September 2008.
In addition to her work in the Senate, Blondin has been serving as member of the French delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe since 2008. In this capacity, she is part of the Socialist Group. She has in the past served as vice-chairwoman of the Committee on Equality and Non-Discrimination and as member of the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Council of Europe Member States (Monitoring Committee); the Committee on Social Affairs, Health and Sustainable Development; the Sub-Committee on Children; and the Sub-Committee on Gender Equality. In her capacity as member of the Monitoring Committee, she has been the Assembly's rapporteur (alongside Egidijus Vareikis) for Moldova since 2019. She also serves as rapporteur on obstetrical and gynaecological violence.
# Brett Harrell

Brett Harrell (born July 1, 1961) is an American former politician from Georgia. Harrell was a Republican member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 106th District, serving from 2011 to 2021. Harrell sponsored 206 bills. Harrell served as the mayor of Snellville, Georgia, from 2000 to 2003.
# Frans Vos

Frans Vos (22 February 1925 – 14 April 2001) was a Dutch racing cyclist. He rode in the 1950 Tour de France.
# George Ross (rugby union)

George Robert Porter Ross (1 November 1925 — 17 March 2015) was an Irish international rugby union player.
Ross was born in Portadown and served as a Commando during World War II.
A CIYMS player, Ross gained his solitary Ireland cap during the 1955 Five Nations, as one of five changes for the match against Wales at Cardiff Arms Park, replacing Dave MacSweeney in the back-row.
Ross was later headmaster of Movilla Secondary School in Newtownards.
# Paolo Agosteo

Paolo Agosteo (born 27 November 1908) was a professional Italian football player.

## Honours

* Coppa Italia winner: 1936/37.
# Hawker Hedgehog

The Hawker Hedgehog was a three-seat reconnaissance biplane, to be used for naval scouting, produced to meet Air Ministry Specification 37/22.
It was designed in 1923, and had its first flight the next year, piloted by F. P. Raynham. The crew consisted of the pilot, an observer and an air gunner. Its construction was typical of the period: a wooden structure covered with fabric. The powerplant was a nine-cylinder Bristol Jupiter IV radial engine driving a two-bladed wooden propeller.
While testing was successful, on completion of the flight tests, the project was cancelled. This was due to the Hedgehog's performance not being sufficiently better than the existing aircraft used for naval reconnaissance, the Avro Bison and Blackburn Blackburn. Consequently, only one prototype was built. The armament of the aircraft was one fixed forward-firing .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers gun and one .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun on a Scarff ring in the rear cockpit. The aircraft was fitted with floats that contained wheels to enable use as an amphibian. The wings could be folded, so that the width was reduced to 16 ft 7½ in (4.87 m) for storage.

## Specifications

Data from Hawker Aircraft since 1920
General characteristics
* Crew: three
* Length: 30 ft 8+3⁄4 in (9.37 m)
* Wingspan: 40 ft 0+1⁄2 in (12.20 m)
* Width: 16 ft 7+1⁄2 in (5.07 m) (wings folded)
* Height: 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m)
* Wing area: 480.7 sq ft (44.66 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 2,995 lb (1,359 kg)
* Gross weight: 4,791 lb (2,173 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 4,800 lb (2,177 kg) (overload)
* Fuel capacity: 134 imp gal (161 US gal; 610 L)
* Powerplant: 1 × Bristol Jupiter IV 9-cylinder radial engine, 398 hp (297 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden
Performance
* Maximum speed: 120.5 mph (193.9 km/h, 104.7 kn) at sea level
* Cruise speed: 89 mph (143 km/h, 77 kn)
* Stall speed: 45 mph (72 km/h, 39 kn) with flaps
* Endurance: 2.5 hr
* Service ceiling: 13,500 ft (4,100 m)
* Time to altitude: 23 min 59 s to 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
Armament
* Guns:
** 1 × 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun
** 1 × 0.303 in Lewis gun on a Scarff ring
# Steven Meeks

Steven Alton Meeks (born September 10, 1974) is an American politician from Georgia. Meeks is a Republican member of Georgia House of Representatives for District 178.
# Color Developing Agent 3

The third in the series of color developing agents used in developing color films, commonly known as CD-3, is chemically known as N-[2-[(4-Amino-3-methylphenyl)ethylamino]ethyl]methanesulfonamide Sesquisulfate Monohydrate. In color development, after reducing a silver atom in a silver halide crystal, the oxidized developing agent combines with a color coupler to form a color dye molecule. CD-3 is used in many processes including VNF-1 and the E-6 process.