OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Formula One drivers from Venezuela

There have been 3 Formula One drivers from Venezuela.

## Former drivers

The first Venezuelan F1 racer was Ettore Chimeri. He raced in one Grand Prix, the 1960 Argentine Grand Prix in a Maserati 250F, but retired due to fatigue. It was supposed to be the first of many entries for Chimeri, who was killed in practice for the Gran Premio Libertad sports car race in Havana, Cuba two weeks later.
Accomplished motorcycle racer Johnny Cecotto made his debut in Formula One with Theodore Racing at the 1983 Brazilian Grand Prix. He scored his only points in the following race, however the luck didn't last as the team was forced to pull out of the sport before the penultimate race of the 1983 season. Cecotto landed a drive alongside debutant Ayrton Senna at Toleman for 1984, but was a classified finisher in only one of the ten races he participated in that season. His final appearance was the 1984 British Grand Prix.
27 years later, Pastor Maldonado made his Formula One debut for Williams at the 2011 Australian Grand Prix. He spent his first 3 seasons in Formula One with the team, and quickly became known for his overly aggressive style of racing. He raced for Lotus in 2014 and 2015, struggling with a mid-field car. Maldonado's career was heavily reliant on PDVSA backing, and when the Venezuelan economy went bust in early 2016, Renault (who had bought back Lotus in the off-season) opted out of keeping him on for the upcoming season and he was replaced by Kevin Magnussen. The highlight of his career was an unlikely pole position and win at the 2012 Spanish Grand Prix, becoming the first (and so far only) Venezuelan to take victory in a Grand Prix.
* Pastor Maldonado

## Timeline

Former drivers :
| Ettore Chimeri | 1960 |
| Johnny Cecotto | 1983–1984 |
| Pastor Maldonado | 2011–2015 |
| Source: ||
# Pseneo

Pseneo is a genus of aphid wasps in the family Psenidae. There are more than 20 described species in Pseneo.

## Species

These 27 species belong to the genus Pseneo:
* Pseneo argentina (Brèthes, 1910)
* Pseneo auratus (van Lith, 1959)
* Pseneo aureolus (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo aurifrons (Taschenberg, 1875)
* Pseneo auriger (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo auriventris (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo canalicus (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo claviventris (Cameron, 1891)
* Pseneo collantes Genaro & Alayo, 2001
* Pseneo cooperi (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo eliasi (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo exaratus (Eversmann, 1849)
* Pseneo funicularius (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo garcesii Genaro & Alayo, 2001
* Pseneo joergenseni (Brèthes, 1913)
* Pseneo leytensis R. Bohart & Grissell, 1969
* Pseneo longiventris (Cameron, 1891)
* Pseneo madecassus (Arnold, 1945)
* Pseneo magnificus (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo minidentatus (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo multipunctatus (van Lith, 1959)
* Pseneo nigripes (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo punctatus (W. Fox, 1898)
* Pseneo simplicicornis (W. Fox, 1898)
* Pseneo taschenbergi (van Lith, 1975)
* Pseneo townesi (van Lith, 1959)
* Pseneo tridentatus (van Lith, 1959)
# Nicocles pictus

Nicocles pictus is a species of robber flies (insects in the family Asilidae).
# Dasycorixa rawsoni

Dasycorixa rawsoni is a species of water boatman in the family Corixidae. It is found in North America.
# Pycnopsyche guttifera

Pycnopsyche guttifera is a species of northern caddisfly in the family Limnephilidae. It is found in North America.
# Cuterebra lepusculi

Cuterebra lepusculi, the cottontail rabbit botfly, is a species of new world skin bot fly in the family Oestridae.
# Neogriphoneura sordida

Neogriphoneura sordida is a species of fly in the family Lauxaniidae.
# Bromodomain

A bromodomain is an approximately 110 amino acid protein domain that recognizes acetylated lysine residues, such as those on the N-terminal tails of histones. Bromodomains, as the "readers" of lysine acetylation, are responsible in transducing the signal carried by acetylated lysine residues and translating it into various normal or abnormal phenotypes. Their affinity is higher for regions where multiple acetylation sites exist in proximity. This recognition is often a prerequisite for protein-histone association and chromatin remodeling. The domain itself adopts an all-α protein fold, a bundle of four alpha helices each separated by loop regions of variable lengths that form a hydrophobic pocket that recognizes the acetyl lysine.

## Discovery

The bromodomain was identified as a novel structural motif by John W. Tamkun and colleagues studying the Drosophila gene Brahma/brm, and showed sequence similarity to genes involved in transcriptional activation. The name "bromodomain" is derived from the relationship of this domain with Brahma and is unrelated to the chemical element bromine.

## Bromodomain-containing proteins

Bromodomain-containing proteins can have a wide variety of functions, ranging from histone acetyltransferase activity and chromatin remodeling to transcriptional mediation and co-activation. Of the 43 known in 2015, 11 had two bromodomains, and one protein had 6 bromodomains. Preparation, biochemical analysis, and structure determination of the bromodomain containing proteins have been described in detail.

### Bromo- and Extra-Terminal domain (BET) family

A well-known example of a bromodomain family is the BET (Bromodomain and extraterminal domain) family. Members of this family include BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT.

### Other

However proteins such as ASH1L also contain a bromodomain. Dysfunction of BRD proteins has been linked to diseases such as human squamous cell carcinoma and other forms of cancer. Histone acetyltransferases, including EP300 and PCAF, have bromodomains in addition to acetyl-transferase domains.
Not considered part of the BET family (yet containing a bromodomain) are BRD7, and BRD9.

## Role in human disease

The role of bromodomains in translating a deregulated cell acetylome into disease phenotypes was recently unveiled by the development of small molecule bromodomain inhibitors. This breakthrough discovery highlighted bromodomain-containing proteins as key players in cancer biology, as well as inflammation and remyelination in multiple sclerosis.
Members of the BET family have been implicated as targets in both human cancer and multiple sclerosis. BET inhibitors have shown therapeutic effects in multiple preclinical models of cancer and are currently in clinical trials in the United States. Their application in multiple sclerosis is still in the preclinical stage.
Small molecule inhibitors of non-BET bromodomain proteins BRD7 and BRD9 have also been developed.
# Omosita colon

Omosita colon is a species of sap-feeding beetle in the family Nitidulidae. It is found in Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China), Central America, and North America.
# Grulich S.1

The Grulich S.1 was a German parasol monoplane with a cantilever wing, built in the mid 1920s. It seated two and offered a choice between two engines.

## Design and development

The Grulich S.1 was designed by Dr. Ing. Karl Grulich, an engineer associated with Gothaer Waggonfabrik, the company which had produced the Gotha series of bombers in World War I. Before the war he had designed and flown the Harlan monoplane and post-war was also associated with Deutsche Aero-Lloyd, a German airline that by January 1926 had merged with Junkers Luftverkehr into Deutsche Luft Hansa.
Its cantilever wing was straight-tapered, with no sweep on the leading edges, and with long, curved tips. It was built around two spars and was very thick centrally but thinned outwards; there was no dihedral on the upper surface but the thinning produced significant overall dihedral. Tapered ailerons filled about half the span. The wing was mounted over the fuselage on a cabane of four sloping metal struts to the front spar and another six to the rear.
The S.1 was designed to be powered by one of two Siemens-Halske radial engines, a seven-cylinder 60 kW (80 hp) Sh 5 or a nine-cylinder 75 kW (100 hp) Sh 6, mounted in the nose under a cowling which left the cylinders exposed for cooling. Its fuel tank was in the wing.
Behind the engine the fuselage had a tapering, rectangular section. There were two open cockpits in tandem, fitted with dual controls. Both were under the wing, though there was a small cut-out in the trailing edge over the rear position. The empennage was conventional, with a slightly rounded fin and deep rectangular rudder. A large area tailplane was mounted on top of the fuselage, with split elevators to allow rudder movement.
The S.1 had conventional, fixed landing gear. Metal V-form landing legs from each side of the lower fuselage, strut-reinforced laterally, carried a single axle attached via rubber chord shock absorbers. The mainwheels were well outboard of the V-struts, giving a track of 1.50 m (4 ft 11 in).
The exact date of the S.1's first flight is not known; it was complete by mid-1925 but may have flown earlier. It was registered as D-584 in that year, given the name Hessen and owned initially by Deutsche Aero-Lloyd. Later used by Hessiche Flugbetriebs from Darmstadt, its registration was cancelled in 1932.

## Operators

* Deutsche Aero-Lloyd
* Hessiche Flugbetriebs

## Specifications (Sh.5 engine)

Data from Les Ailes. June 1926
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Length: 7.75 m (25 ft 5 in)
* Wingspan: 12.0 m (39 ft 4 in)
* Height: 2.46 m (8 ft 1 in)
* Wing area: 19 m$^2$ (200 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 550 kg (1,213 lb)
* Gross weight: 800 kg (1,764 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Siemens-Halske Sh 5 7-cylinder radial, 60 kW (80 hp) at 1,500 rpm
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 140 km/h (87 mph, 76 kn)
* Stall speed: 70 km/h (43 mph, 38 kn) minimum speed
* Range: 500 km (310 mi, 270 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 3,000 m (9,800 ft)
* Time to altitude: 12 min to 1,000 m (3,300 ft)
* Take-off distance: 135 m (443 ft)
* Landing distance: 100 m (330 ft)
# Meterana coctilis

Meterana coctilis is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand.
# Márta Korbonits

Márta Korbonits is a Hungarian physician, Professor of Endocrinology and deputy director of the William Harvey Research Institute at the Queen Mary University of London. She is an internationally recognised expert in pituitary tumorigenesis. She was elected President of the Society for Endocrinology and awarded the Endocrine Society's Laureate Award in 2023.

## Early life and education

Korbonits studied medicine and completed her early training in Budapest. She was first introduced to endocrinology during her fourth year of medical school, where she was inspired by Edit Gláz. She moved to the United Kingdom for her specialist training, and joined Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry. At Barts her medical doctorate looked at the growth of secretagogues on hypothalamic hormone release. She also completed a doctorate, which considered the mechanisms that underpin pituitary tumorigenesis. During her Medical Research Council Clinician Science Fellowship she started investigated ghrelin physiology and genetics. Her demonstration of AMPK regulation by ghrelin helped people better understand hormonal regulation of metabolism.

## Research and career

Korbonits has dedicated her career to translational medicine: using clinical questions to design research experiments and using the outcomes of medical research for new diagnostics and treatment. She has focussed on understanding the mechanisms that underpin familial pituitary adenomas and tumorigenesis. She discovered the genetic link for the AIP ("Irish Giant") gene.
Alongside her research, Korbonits is a clinician who cares for patients with endocrine diseases.

## Awards and honours

* 2015 Endocrine Society Delbert A. Fisher Research Scholar Award
* 2022 European Neuroendocrine Association Rolf Gaillard Prize
* 2023 Endocrine Society Laureate Award
* 2023 Elected President of the Endocrine Society

## Select publications

* Sharmilee Gnanapavan; Blerina Kola; Stephen Bustin; et al. (1 June 2002). "The tissue distribution of the mRNA of ghrelin and subtypes of its receptor, GHS-R, in humans". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 87 (6): 2988. doi:10.1210/JCEM.87.6.8739. ISSN 0021-972X. PMID 12050285. Wikidata Q50336243.
* Ida Pernicova; Márta Korbonits (7 January 2014). "Metformin--mode of action and clinical implications for diabetes and cancer". Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 10 (3): 143–156. doi:10.1038/NRENDO.2013.256. ISSN 1759-5029. PMID 24393785. Wikidata Q34658712.
* Erika Hubina; Miklós Góth; Márta Korbonits (1 June 2005). "[Ghrelin--a hormone with multiple functions]". Orvosi Hetilap. 146 (25): 1345–1351. ISSN 0030-6002. PMID 16106757. Wikidata Q81076366.
# Trond Pedersen

Trond Pedersen (born 10 February 1951) is a former footballer and coach from Norway. He played his entire career as a right back for Start. He played 41 games for the Norwegian national team.

## Club career

On club level Pedersen became league champion when Start won the 1978 Norwegian First Division and 1980 Norwegian First Division. He played 269 matches in the Norwegian top division between 1969 and 1984. This was a Norwegian record until Pedersen was surpassed by former teammate Svein Mathisen. As of March 2013, Pedersen ranks 41st in this respect.

## International career

Pedersen was capped 41 times for Norway, and participated in the sensational win against England in 1981.

## Coaching

He coached Start between 1997 and 1998. At the time, the club played in the second tier of the Norwegian football league system and finished in fourth place in the 1997 1. divisjon and fifth place in the 1998 1. divisjon with Pedersen as head coach. He has later coached Vindbjart and Donn in lower leagues.

## Honours

Start
* Norwegian top division: 1978, 1980
# Witham bowl

The Witham bowl is a missing piece of Anglo-Saxon silverware, described by T. D. Kendrick in The Antiquaries Journal in 1941 as "the most remarkable piece of pre-Conquest plate ever found in England". It was last seen at the National Exhibition of Works of Art at Leeds General Infirmary in 1868, when it was owned by the MP John Heywood Hawkins.

## Discovery

The hanging bowl is named after the River Witham in Lincolnshire, where it was discovered at Washingborough in 1816, along with several other articles - including a wooden canoe - in the course of drainage works. Its discovery was reported in the Stamford Journal of 19 April 1816. It is thought to have been made in the late 8th or early 9th century, and has a diameter of approximately 15 centimetres (5.9 in) and height of approximately 4 centimetres (1.6 in).

## Description

The richly decorated piece is an evolved "C bowl" with a broad circular indentation underneath. Foliate and vine-scroll filigree work decorates the top and bottom surfaces of the flat central indentation. In the middle of the bowl, on the top surface of the indentation, stands a long-necked dog-like animal, with blue glass eyes, tall enough to peer over the rim of the bowl; around it are arranged four small projecting animal heads. Semi-precious stones are also mounted inside the bowl. Equally spaced around the rim are four animal heads as the tops of loop escutcheons that extend down the sides of the bowl, held on with rivets and decorated with millefiori panels, terminating with small projecting human heads below the bowl. The loop escutcheons would allow the bowl to be suspended. There is a deep groove around the outside of the bowl, below the rim. The bowl may have been used to contain water, but, like other hanging bowls, its intended function is not certainly known. It has been compared to the 8th century Ormside bowl. The filigree decoration resembles the Kirkoswald brooch and the blue glass recalls the Ardagh Chalice. The choice of material is unusual: almost all other hanging bowls are bronze.
Other Anglo-Saxon articles have been found in the River Witham, including pins. The bowl may have been deposited in the river from a causeway, as a votive offering.
The current location of the bowl is unknown. It may have been sold by Christie's in the 1920s, as part of the sale of a collection. It is known from full-scale colour-tinted drawings held by the Society of Antiquaries of London.
# Veluws dialect

Veluws is a dialect or an umbrella term for dialects which are spoken in Veluwe, in the northwest of Gelderland, in central Netherlands.

## Dialects

Veluws is usually divided into two main dialects, West-Veluws and Oost-Veluws (East Veluws), these two dialects are reasonably similar but differ in grammar. For example: in Oost-Veluws it is said ie warkt/wärkt ('you are working') and in West-Veluws jie warken/waarken ('you are working').
West-Veluws has more influence from Dutch. Typically the closer one gets to the border with Oost-Veluws, the more the dialects differ from Standard Dutch. For example, in the central part where West-Veluws is spoken hie staot ('he is standing'); in the northwestern part the corresponding phrase sounds hij steet, compared to hij/hee stiet in Oost-Veluws. The latter has more Low Saxon influence. In Hattem, the northeastern part where Oost-Veluws is spoken, it has more Sallandic influences.
Westveluws is classified as Low Franconian (Nederfrankisch), more specifically as belonging to Hollands-Frankisch, while Oostveluws is Low Saxon (Saksisch). In another classification, the dialects in the South and West of Veluwe (together with e.g. North Holland and Utrecht) belong to the Central Dutch varieties and are Low Franconian, while the North and East of Veluwe (together with e.g. Salland) is part of Overijssel and belong to Low Saxon. In another terminology, Veluws is the dialect of the West, South and Center of Veluwe (Low Franconian) and Sallands is the dialect in a small part in the North and the East of Veluwe and Salland (Low Saxon).
# St. George's Cricket Club Invitation

The St. George's Cricket Club Invitation was a late 19th century men's international grass court tennis tournament first held on courts at the St. George's Cricket Club, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States, in 1881. The event was staged to at least 1899, when it had become an invitational tournament.

## History

The St. George's Cricket Club Tournament was a late 19th century tennis event first staged in 1881 at the St. George's Cricket Club, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.
The tournament was initially open to all comers, however by the turn of the twentieth century it was by invitation of the club. The first winner of the men's singles was Ireland's John J. Cairnes. The final known men's edition in 1886 was won by American player Robert Livingston Beeckman. It was a regular annual event for three years on the men's U.S.N.L.T.A lawn tennis seasons.

## Finals
### Men's Singles

| Year | Winner | Runner-up | Score |
| 1881 | John Jameson Cairnes | James Rankine | 7-5, 6–2, 6-3 |
| 1882 | Alexander Van Rensselaer | S. Williams | 6-0, 5–6, 6–1, 6-5 |
| 1883 | Clarence Clark | William Edward Glyn | 6-0, 6–4, 8-6 |
| 1886 | Robert Livingston Beeckman | Henry Slocum | ? |
# John Eren

John Hamdi Eren (born 15 March 1964) is a former Australian politician. He was a Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria from 2002 to 2022, representing Geelong Province in the Legislative Council from 2002 to 2006, and Lara in the Legislative Assembly from 2006 to 2022. Eren was the Minister for Tourism and Major Events, Minister for Sport and Minister for Veterans' Affairs in the First Andrews Ministry between 2014 and 2018.

## Early years

Eren was born in İzmir, Turkey. He came to Australia with his family (Father was a skilled migrant; fitter and turner) in 1970 and studied at a high school in the northern suburbs of Melbourne. Prior to entering Parliament, Eren worked in a variety of fields with the most prominent being on the assembly line at Ford in Geelong. At 21, Eren became the shop steward at Ford for the Vehicle Builders Union representing workers on the shop floor.
After Eren's time at Ford he was an electorate officer for Kelvin Thomson the Federal Member for Wills for over five years. Eren was elected as the State Member for Geelong Province in 2002.

## Political career

Eren was elected to the Legislative Council from 2002 to 2006 representing the Geelong Province. In 2006 he was elected to the Legislative Assembly as the Member for Lara and re-elected in 2010. In his first term in Parliament, John was a member of the Road Safety Committee and become the chair from 2007 to 2010. Eren has been a part of other committees including the Rural and Regional Committee and the Scrutiny of Acts and Regulations Committee. In 2011 Eren was elevated as the parliamentary secretary to the Deputy Leader of the Opposition. Eren was Minister for Tourism and Major Events, Minister for Sport and Minister for Veterans' Affairs in the First Andrews Ministry, but was not included in the Second Andrews Ministry since 2018.
# Bunna Walsh

Ronald William "Bunna" Walsh (20 June 1933 - 30 March 2022) was a former Australian politician.
He was born in Port Melbourne to labourer William John Joseph Walsh and Amy Lydia. He attended state schools and became a waterside worker in 1954. Having joined the Labor Party in 1960, he was an official with the Waterside Workers Federation from 1964 to 1979 and also served as president of the ALP's South Melbourne branch. In 1970 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council for Melbourne West, but his election was declared void later that year because of an old criminal conviction in the Children's Court.
Walsh was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly in 1979 as the member for Albert Park. He was government whip from 1982 to 1985 and then moved to the frontbench, holding the portfolios of Public Works (1985–87), Housing and Construction (1987–88), Property and Services (1988–90) and Water Resources (1988–90). In 1992 he attempted to return to the Legislative Council by contesting the seat of Monash, but he was defeated.
# Neolasioptera perfoliata

Neolasioptera perfoliata is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae.