OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Protecting Veil

The Protecting Veil is a late 20th-century classical composition for cello and strings by British composer John Tavener. It was shortlisted for the 1992 Mercury Prize.

## Composition history

Completed in 1988, the work was begun in response to a request from cellist Steven Isserlis for a short (10-minute) piece. It soon developed into a more substantial work, and was subsequently commissioned by the BBC for the 1989 Proms season. Like many of Tavener's compositions, this work reflects the composer's Orthodox religious faith. The inspiration for the piece comes from the Orthodox feast of the Protecting Veil of the Mother of God, which commemorates the apparition of Mary the Theotokos in the early 10th century at the Blachernae Palace church in Constantinople.
The premiere took place at the Proms in the Royal Albert Hall on 4 September 1989, with soloist Steven Isserlis and the BBC Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Oliver Knussen.
It was shortlisted for the 1992 Mercury Prize, one of only a tiny handful of classical pieces nominated, in the award’s inaugural year.

## Structure

The composition, which has a performance time of approximately 45 minutes, is divided into eight sections, each of which is based on an icon in the life of the Virgin Mary:
* The Protecting Veil
* The Nativity of the Mother of God
* The Annunciation
* The Incarnation
* The Lament of the Mother of God at the Cross
* The Resurrection
* The Dormition
* The Protecting Veil
The Protecting Veil was the subject of BBC Radio 3's Discovering Music programme in June 2008.
# John Waerig

John Waerig (born 1976) is a former American football tight end. He played college football at Wisconsin and Maryland. He was a member of the Detroit Lions during the 2001 NFL season. He also played for the Barcelona Dragons and Amsterdam Admirals of NFL Europe in 2001.
# Jack Clifford (rugby union)

Jack Clifford (born 12 February 1993) is a former rugby union player for the England national rugby union team and Premiership side Harlequins. Clifford played in the back row at flanker or number 8. He first captained Harlequins in November 2015 in a match against Cardiff Blues

## Club career

Clifford began playing rugby age 11 for Cranleigh Mini's and Cobham youths before joining Harlequins Academy two years later. He played for Cobham Rugby club from age 13 in which they had a five-year unbeaten record. He was dual registered with National League 1 side Ealing Trailfinders for the 2011–12 season and made his first appearance in senior rugby on 7 January 2012 against Jersey. He joined Esher on a similar agreement the following season and also made his senior debut for Harlequins in November 2012 as a replacement in the 31–30 Anglo-Welsh Cup win over Northampton Saints. In 2013 he re-joined Ealing on dual registration terms.
He was forced to retire through injury in August 2020.

## International career

Born in Brisbane, Australia to a Kenyan father and an English mother, Clifford has captained England under-18 and under-20 level. This included England's victory in the Under-20s World Cup in 2013.
In March 2014 he was named in the England Sevens squad for two legs of the Sevens World Series in Japan and Hong Kong. In May 2015 he was selected for an England XV to play against the Barbarians. Clifford scored a try in the match.
Clifford received his first call up to the senior England squad by new coach Eddie Jones on 13 January 2016 for the 2016 Six Nations Championship.
He made his full debut as a replacement for Chris Robshaw during the Calcutta Cup match against Scotland on 6 February 2016 after 69 minutes.

### International tries

    As of 7 July 2019
| Try | Opposing team | Location | Venue | Competition | Date | Result | Score |
| 1 | Wales | London, England | Twickenham Stadium | 2016 Summer Tour Warm-Up | 29 May 2016 | Win | 27 – 13 |
# Diasemiopsis

Diasemiopsis is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae.

## Species

* Diasemiopsis leodocusalis (Walker, 1859)
* Diasemiopsis ramburialis (Duponchel, 1833)
# South Alabama Jaguars women's basketball

The South Alabama Jaguars women's basketball team represents the University of South Alabama in NCAA Division I competition. They are a member of the Sun Belt Conference.

## History

South Alabama began play in 1974. They have made the NCAA tournament once (1987) and the WNIT four times (1988, 2003, 2004, 2019). They have won the Sun Belt regular season title five times (1987, 1989, 1990, 2003, 2004), but have never won the tournament title. They have finished as runner up in 1984, 1987, 1989, and 2019. As of the end of the 2015–16 season, the Jaguars have an all-time record of 571–610.

## NCAA tournament results

| Year | Seed | Round | Opponent | Result |
| 1987 | #8 | First Round | #9 Saint Joseph's | L 56–67 |
# John Pyel

John Pyel (born c. 1310 – 1382) was a London merchant who was elected Mayor of London in 1372.

## Biography

He was born circa 1310 in Irthlingborough, Northamptonshire and inherited land there from his father, which he added to during his lifetime. In 1353 he purchased the manor of Irthlingborough from Sir Simon de Drayton. His brother Henry became Archdeacon of Northampton.
He became a merchant in London, served from 1369 as an Alderman of Castle Baynard ward, was Sheriff of London in 1369 and elected Mayor of London in 1372. He was elected Member of Parliament for the City of London in 1361 and 1376 as one of the two aldermanic representatives of the city.
In 1375 he obtained a royal licence to found the college of St. Peter, Irthlingborough, a college for six secular canons — one of whom should be dean — and four clerks, but died before his intention was actually carried out. The design, involving the development of the local parish church into a chantry college, was eventually accomplished with the help of the Archdeacon of London by his widow, Joan, in 1388.
In 1349, a person of this name was serving as a royal official, in Chesterton, Cambridgeshire.

## Death

He died in 1382. He had married Joan and had two sons. A memorial to him can be found in the John Pyel Chapel of St. Peters Church, Irthlingborough on the south side of the main altar.

## Joan Pyel and Irthlingborough College

Probably born between 1330 and 1335, Joan was marriage to John Pyel by 1349. Between 1373 and 1377 Joan is named jointly in John’s land acquisitions in London and Northamptonshire. In the late 1370s, John moved to Irthlingborough while Joan remained in the city. They had two sons, John and Nicholas, whose upbringing was entrusted to John’s successor Nicholas Brembre, indicating that Joan spent much of her life living apart from her husband and sons.
In 1373 John Pyel had begun an attempt to found a college in Irthlingborough, but this was delayed by opposition from the bishop of Lincoln, John Bokyngham, and was incomplete at the time of John Pyel’s death in May 1382. Joan restarted the process in 1383, acquiring a new papal confirmation from Pope Urban VI and circumventing Bokyngham by directing the papal confirmation to the archdeacon of London instead, on the basis of John Pyel’s London citizenship. The archdeacon confirmed the endowment despite Bokyngham's refusal to attend an enquiry about it in January 1387. Joan also acquired letters patent from the crown in March 1388 at her personal expense, allowing Irthlingborough College to be founded in February 1393.
Joan, who seems never to have left London, continued to live at her house in Broad Street, St Bartholomew the Less. Her later life is characterised by piety, choosing her confessor and supporting religious foundations. Her considerable wealth was mostly left to St Helen’s Bishopsgate on her death in 1421. A monument to John and Joan Pyel is in Irthlingborough Church, commemorating their foundation of Irthlingborough College, which remained in operation until 1848.
# Louis I of Thouars

Louis I (c. 1310 – 7 April 1370) was Viscount of Thouars from 1333 to 1370 and Count of Dreux jure uxoris from 1345 to 1355. He was also lord of Talmont and Mauléon. Louis was the son of Jean I, Viscount of Thouars, and Blanche of Brabant.

## Life

He succeeded his uncle, Hugh II, as viscount of Thouars in 1333. Louis was an ally of Philip VI of France throughout his reign and served in the French army against Edward III of England as a banner-man from 1338 until 1341 in the first stage of the Hundred Years' War. Later, he fought on the side of King John the Good at the Battle of Poitiers on 19 September 1356. In the Treaty of Brétigny (8 May 1360), Thouars fell under English control and the Englishman John Chandos took possession of the town on 3 November 1361. The viscount's wife, Joan, made an oath of fidelity to the king of England in 1363.
Louis died at Talmond on 7 April 1370. His son, Simon, had succeeded to the County of Dreux upon the death of Joan in 1355, but Simon's death in 1365 meant that his eldest daughter, Péronelle, Countess of Dreux, inherited Thouars after his death.

## Marriages and Children

In 1330, Louis married as his first wife Joan, daughter of John II, Count of Dreux, and Péronnelle de Sully. They had two sons and three daughters:
* Simon, Count of Dreux (d. 12 July 1365 at a tournament on the day of his marriage. Buried in the chapel of Eu), who married Joan of Artois (1353 – 1420)
* Jean, lord of La Chaize-le-Vicomte and of Mortagne (d. June 1355)
* Péronelle, who married Amaury IV de Craon, and then Clément Rouault
* Isabeau, who married Guy de Nesle, then Ingelger d'Amboise, and finally Guillaume d'Harcourt
* Margaret, who married Thomas, lord of Chemillé and Mortagne, and then Turpin, lord of Crissay in Touraine
In July 1361, he married Isabeau d'Avaugour, daughter of Henry IV d'Auvaugour and Jeanne d'Harcourt, widow of Geoffroy VIII de Chateaubriand (1314–1347), without further progeny.

## Sources

* du Chesne Tourangeau, André (1631). Histoire Genealogique de la Maison Royale de Dreux et de Quelques Autres Familles (in French). Paris: Chez Sebastien Cramoisy.
* Imbert, Hugues (1871). Histoire de Thouars (in French). Niort: L. Clouzot, Libraire-Éditeur.
Louis I of Thouars House of ThouarsBorn: 1310 Died: 7 April 1370 :
| Preceded byHugh II | Viscount of Thouars 1333–1270 | Succeeded byPéronnelle |
* This biography of a French peer or noble is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Great Emigration

The Great Emigration (Polish: Wielka Emigracja) was the emigration of thousands of Poles and Lithuanians, particularly from the political and cultural élites, from 1831 to 1870, after the failure of the November Uprising of 1830–1831 and of other uprisings such as the Kraków uprising of 1846 and the January Uprising of 1863–1864. The emigration affected almost the entirety of political elite in Congress Poland. The exiles included artists, soldiers and officers of the uprising, members of the Sejm of Congress Poland of 1830–1831 and several prisoners-of-war who escaped from captivity.

## Polish emigration after the partitions

From the end of the 18th century, a large portion of the Polish political landscape was dominated by those who carried out their activities outside of the country as émigrés. Their exile was the result of the Partitions of Poland, which completely divided the lands of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth between the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy of Austria.
Because of the emigration of political elites, much of the political and ideological activity of Polish intelligentsia in the 18th and the 19th centuries took place outside of the regions of partitioned Poland. Most of the political émigrés based themselves in France.

## After the November Uprising

The most important wave of emigration came after the November Uprising of 1830–1831.
According to Rolf Malte, in the fall of 1831, around 50,000 people were forced to emigrate from Congress Poland. J. Zubrzycki estimates that the number of political refugees likely wasn't larger than 5,000–6,000 at any point in the period between 1831 and the last quarter of the 19th century.
Those Poles later fought and provided valuable support during the 1846 and 1848 revolutions in Poland. Their resistance was not limited to Polish revolutionary activity, as they also participated in various lands during the Revolutions of 1848, including France, the small principalities of Germany and Italy, Austria, Hungary, and the Danubian principalities Wallachia and Moldavia, the South American countries Argentina and Uruguay (participating in the "Guerra Grande" of 1839–1852) and in the Crimean War of 1853–1856. Additional waves of émigrés left the Polish lands after the failures of the attempted 1848 revolution and the January Uprising of 1863–1864.
Notable Poles and Lithuanians of the Great Emigration included Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, leader of the Polish government-in-exile in Paris (with embassies in London and Istanbul); politician Joachim Lelewel; national bards Adam Mickiewicz, Juliusz Słowacki, Cyprian Kamil Norwid, and Zygmunt Krasiński; as well as Leonard Chodźko, Ignacy Domeyko, Maurycy Mochnacki, Piotr Michałowski, Seweryn Goszczyński, Jozef Bohdan Zaleski, Aleksander Mirecki, Emil Korytko, Antoni Patek, Casimir Gzowski, Aleksander Jełowicki, Ignacy Szymanski and Adolf Zytogorski.
# 651 (disambiguation)

651 may refer to:
* 651 (year)
* 651 (number)
* 651 BC
* 651 series
* Area code 651
* 651 Antikleia
# Gianni Rossi

Gianni Rossi (14 October 1936 – 25 September 2021) was an Italian professional footballer and manager. He played as a midfielder for Venezia, Juventus, Bari and Sottomarina.
# Bayt al-Razzaz

Bayt al-Razzaz (Arabic: بيت الرزاز) is a mansion in the heart of medieval Cairo, Egypt, constructed from the late 15th century through the late 18th century. The 190-room urban palace in the Darb al-Ahmar neighborhood of medieval Cairo was abandoned in the 1960s, but a restoration project rehabilitated the eastern building between 1977 and 2007. The property belongs to the Ministry of State for Antiquities, which has plans to restore the western complex. It is also currently a place of many Egyptian craftsmen and women, with many local-artistic workshops.

## Description

Originally built in the 15th century during the Mamluk era, Bayt al-Razzaz is a mansion now comprising two houses, two central courtyards, and other utility structures such as stables, baths, storerooms, etc. The number of buildings along with its size gives the structure the impression of being palatial. The two properties, which collectively comprise 190 rooms, were connected via a single passageway sometime in the early 19th century, as a result of a marriage contract.
The first house (eastern side) was built in around 1480 by Sultan Qaytbay and features highly decorative mashrabiya windows on the second floor, overlooking the street and others looking out over the courtyard. One of the doorways on the eastern side of the courtyard is decorated in the Mamluk style and includes the cartouche or blazon of Qaytbay. The structure is primarily of stone and brick, with carved wooden windows. Interior walls and ceilings are of finely painted wood panels. The flat roof is constructed of layers of mortar over horizontal sheathing boards. The second floor was used as the women's quarters while the downstairs area was occupied by the men.
The second house (western side) was built by a wealthy rice merchant, Ahmad Katkhuda al-Razzaz, in the 18th century, probably to accommodate a growing family and an increasingly complex network of relationships. The buildings were occupied by the same families for centuries.
Situated in Darb al-Ahmar neighbourhood, the complex occupies a vast area and is bounded by Bab al-Wazir Street on one side, and the Suwayqat al-'Izza/Suq al-Silah on the other, with entrances on both streets, and is adjacent to the Mosque of Umm Sha'ban.
The structure was abandoned in the 1960s, and became the property of the Ministry of State for Antiquities (formerly the Supreme Council of Antiquities). From the late 1970s, a team led by American Research Center in Egypt carried out restoration work on the eastern complex which were completed in 2007. The western building remains in need of restoration and the Ministry has plans to restore it for use as offices, however in light of the political unrest in Egypt, the World Monuments Fund considers the project to be "at risk".

## Gallery

* Entrance to Bayt al-Razzaz, photograph by Gabriel Lekegian, late 19th century
* Courtyard of the palace
* Eastern front seen from the courtyard
* Blazon of Qaitbay above the eastern door lintel
# Heinz Peter Platter

Heinz Peter Platter (born 8 March 1967) is an Italian former alpine skier.

## Biography

At the end of his sporting career he became technical manager of the Swedish Alpine skiing national team. He was later hired by China to try to bring her to the 2022 Winter Olympics.
# Tonga Leaʻaetoa

Tonga Lea'aetoa (born 4 March 1977 in Auckland, New Zealand) is a retired New Zealand-Tongan rugby union player who last played for Bayonne in the French Top 14. Lea'aetoa's position of choice was Tighthead prop.
Lea'aetoa's parents came from Tonga, he spent his childhood in Australia in Manly, Sydney. It was when he returned to New Zealand to attend boarding school at Auckland Grammar School that rugby union took over his sporting career at the age of 16. He started out as a centre, then played at full back and as a No 8 before ending up as a prop. The unusual shift of position was due to a change in his metabolism that saw him put on 20 kilogrammes between the ages of 17 and 18. During his time in Sydney he spent several years at the Northern Suburbs Rugby Club.
In 2003 he was named to the Tongan squad for the Rugby World Cup.
Lea'aetoa arrived in England in July 2006 with a reputation as one of the most talented and versatile prop forwards in Europe. He is one of those rare individuals that can play effectively on either side of the front row, but more often would play at Tighthead
His skill and versatility earned him 19 caps for his country to date. He was ever present for London Irish in the 2009–10 season, being the only player to play in all 31 games, a feat that saw him receive the club's 'Players' Player of the Season Award'.
In 2014 he was named to the Pacific Barbarians for their match against Tonga.
In 2015 he joined the Hunters Hill Rugby Club.
# Bertil Sundberg

Bertil Sundberg (July 7, 1907, Stockholm – July 20, 1979, Stockholm) was a Swedish chess player.

## Biography

In 1938 Bertil Sundberg won the first Swedish Correspondence Chess Championship. He repeated this success two more times (1943, 1947).
He represented Sweden and won an individual bronze medal at second reserve board (+10 −4 =1) in the 3rd unofficial Chess Olympiad held at Munich in 1936.
# McCuskey

McCuskey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Chandler McCuskey Brooks (1905–1989), American physiologist
* Elbert S. McCuskey (1915–1997), American flying ace
* JB McCuskey (born 1981), West Virginia politician
* John F. McCuskey (born 1947), West Virginia politician and justice of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia.
* Michael P. McCuskey (born 1948), American judge
* Sidney Wilcox McCuskey (1907–1979), American mathematician and astronomer
# Sophronica fusca

Sophronica fusca is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Kolbe in 1893.
# Gangbukhoengdan Line

The Gangbukhoengdan line (Korean: 강북횡단선; Hanja: 江北橫斷線) is a proposed light metro line scheduled to open in 2028, in Seoul, South Korea. In June 2024, the Ministry of Economy and Finance rejected the proposal on economic feasibility concerns due to high cost and low population density along the line.

## Stations

The names of the stations are not yet final.
| Station number | Station name | Station name | Station name | Transfer | Distance | Total distance | Location | Location |
| Station number | English | Hangul | Hanja | Transfer | Distance | Total distance | Location | Location |
| 101 | Cheongnyangni | 청량리역 | 淸凉里 | Mugunghwa-ho and ITX-Saemaeul services | | | Seoul | Dongdaemun-gu |
| 102 | Hongneung | 홍릉 | 洪陵 | | | | Seoul | Dongdaemun-gu |
| 103 | Wolgok (Dongduk Women's University) | 월곡 (동덕여대) | 月谷 (同德女大) | | | | Seoul | Seongbuk-gu |
| 104 | Jongamsageori | 종암사거리 | 鍾岩四거리 | | | | Seoul | Seongbuk-gu |
| 105 | Gireum | 길음 | 吉音 | | | | Seoul | Seongbuk-gu |
| 106 | Jeongneung | 정릉 | 貞陵 | | | | Seoul | Seongbuk-gu |
| 107 | Gungmindae | 국민대 | 國民大 | | | | Seoul | Seongbuk-gu |
| 108 | Pyeongchang-dong | 평창동 | 平倉洞 | | | | Seoul | Jongno-gu |
| 109 | Sangmyung University | 상명대입구 | 祥明大入口 | | | | Seoul | Jongno-gu |
| 110 | Hongje | 홍제 | 弘濟 | | | | Seoul | Seodaemun-gu |
| 111 | Seodaemun-gu Office | 서대문구청 | 西大門區廳 | | | | Seoul | Seodaemun-gu |
| 112 | Myongji University | 명지대 | 明知大 | | | | Seoul | Seodaemun-gu |
| 113 | Namgajwa | 남가좌 | 南加佐 | | | | Seoul | Seodaemun-gu |
| 114 | Digital Media City | 디지털미디어시티 | 디지털미디어시티 | | | | Seoul | Mapo-gu |
| 115 | Sangam | 상암 | 上岩 | | | | Seoul | Mapo-gu |
| 116 | Deungchon | 등촌 | 登村 | | | | Seoul | Gangseo-gu |
| 117 | Sindeungchon | 신등촌 | 新登村 | | | | Seoul | Gangseo-gu |
| 118 | Mokdongsageori | 목동사거리 | 木洞四거리 | | | | Seoul | Yangcheon-gu |
| 119 | Mok-dong | 목동 | 木洞 | | | | Seoul | Yangcheon-gu |
# Antonin, Podlaskie Voivodeship

Antonin (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ciechanowiec, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Ciechanowiec, 27 km (17 mi) south of Wysokie Mazowieckie, and 64 km (40 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.
# Kurt Egger

Kurt Egger (born 19 January 1956) is a Swiss politician of the Green Party. He is a member of the Swiss National Council.

## Early life

Egger grew up in Wittenbach and went to the high school on Frauenfeld, after which he studied mechanical engineering at ETH Zürich. Since 1996 he is the director of an energy and environmental consulting company Nova Energie GmbH in Sirnach. He is married and lives in Eschlikon.

## Politics

From 2012 until 2020, he was a member of the Grand Council of Thurgau, the cantonal legislature. He is president of the local chapter of the green party in Eschlikon and, since 2015, is the president of the cantonal green party. He was voted to represent the green party in the national assembly in the fall elections of 2019.
# Dan Leavy

Dan Leavy (born 23 May 1994) is an Irish rugby union former player who played for Leinster Rugby. His preferred position was flanker.

## Playing career

Leavy was enrolled in the Leinster Rugby academy. He debuted with the Leinster senior team in October 2014 against Edinburgh. It was announced in April 2015 that he had been awarded a senior contract with Leinster following completion of his time in the academy.
Leavy received his first call-up to the senior Ireland team in November 2016, and made his debut on November 12 as a substitute against Canada. On 18 March 2017 he was called to the Irish bench for the Six Nations against England after Jamie Heaslip turned his ankle during the warmup. He received his first start in June 2017 against Japan. Leavy played in all five of Ireland’s matches in the 2018 Six Nations, coming on as a substitute in the first match, and starting and playing all 80 minutes in the remaining four matches, helping the team win the Grand Slam. Leavy made it to the 2019 World Cup but suffered a devastating knee injury, leading to prolonged absence.

## Retirement

On the 5th of April 2022, following advice from a doctor he retired due to injury.