OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mark Silverstone

Mark Woolf Silverstone (born Marks; December 1880 – 7 September 1951) was a notable Polish-born New Zealand cabinet-maker, socialist, local politician and financier, who co-founded the New Zealand Alliance of Labour.

## Early life

He was born in Pułtusk, Poland to Jewish parents, Barnett Silverstone, a tailor, and his wife, Esther Gotshank. His parents fled Poland to London in 1889 due to religious persecution. A socialist, his religious faith declined, and he joined the National Secular Society. On 25 June 1904, he wed Esther Ethel Feld, a fellow socialist and émigré. He became a naturalised citizen of New Zealand in 1907.

## Career

Silverstone acted as secretary of the Dunedin branch of the National Peace and Anti-militarist League from 1913, which opposed New Zealand's participation in World War I. However, as a councillor on the Otago Labour Council he sponsored a resolution seeking to safeguard the welfare and interests of demobilised soldiers returning home. In 1936, Silverstone was appointed to the board of directors of the Reserve Bank of New Zealand by Walter Nash, then-Minister of Finance.
At the 1933 local elections he was elected to the Dunedin City Council, standing on the Labour Party ticket. He was a councillor for five years until 1938 when he was defeated.

## Death

Mark Woolf Silverstone died at Dunedin, New Zealand on 7 September 1951. He was survived by his wife, two sons and two daughters.
# Al-Qussair

Al-Qussair, El Kuseir, (Arabic: القصير) is a municipality in the Marjayoun District in South Lebanon.

## Etymology

According to E. H. Palmer, the name Kuseir means "the little palace."

## History

In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it: "A village, built of stone, containing about 300 Metawileh, situated on ridge of hill, surrounded by gardens of figs and olives, and by arable land. Water is obtained from rock-cut cisterns, and running water in the Wady el Hajeir." They further noted: "There are three caves and a lintel now in use in the village, with a Greek inscription. There are remains of vaults, and the modern houses are built of ancient materials; several rock-cut cisterns."

## Demographics

In 2014 Muslims made up 100% of registered voters in Al-Qussair. 98.91% of the voters were Shiite Muslims.
# Aayega Aanewala

"Aayega Aanewala" (English: He'll come, who has to come) is one of the most well known songs from Indian cinema. It was prominent in the film Mahal, starring Ashok Kumar and Madhubala, being sung by Lata Mangeshkar. Khemchand Prakash composed the music, while Nakshab Jaaravchi wrote the lyrics. It has been described as "one most effective song picturization of yesteryears".
# Lake Tuusula

Lake Tuusula or Lake Tuusulanjärvi (Finnish: Tuusulanjärvi; Swedish: Tusby träsk) is a lake on the border of the municipalities of Tuusula and Järvenpää in Southern Finland. The lake has an area of 6.0 square kilometres. Since the beginning of the twentieth century the shores of Lake Tuusula has been an artist's colony. The houses of Aino and Jean Sibelius, Juhani Aho, Pekka Halonen, Eero Järnefelt, Joonas Kokkonen and Aleksis Kivi are on the edges of the lake.
The Lake Tuusulanjärvi Water Protection Association has taken action to save the lake from eutrophication effects since the early 1970s. Apart from wintertime water aeration and cyprinid fish removal, some additional water is being fed into the Lake via the 120 kilometers (75 mi) long Päijänne Water Tunnel.
# Derince, Baykan

Derince (Kurdish: Şikarim) is a village in the Baykan District of Siirt Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Etmanekî tribe and had a population of 164 in 2021.
# Hadzhiyska reka

The Hadzhiyska reka (Bulgarian: Хаджийска река) is a 55 km long river in eastern Bulgaria that flows into the Black Sea.
The river takes its source in the western part of the Eminska Planina division of the eastern Balkan Mountains at an altitude of 482 m, about two kilometers south of the village of Dobra Polyana. In its first four kilometers the Hadzhiyska reka flows southwards and then turns east in a wide valley between the Eminska Planina to the north and the Aytoska Planina to the south. Downstream of the village of Galabets its turns southeast, passes through the Poroy Reservoir and flows into the Nesabar Bay of the Black Sea in the southern part of Sunny Beach, the largest seaside resort in Bulgaria, and north of the town of Nesebar.
Its drainage basin covers a territory of 356 km$^2$. To the north its basin follows the ridge of the Eminska Planina, which separates it from the basin of the river Dvoynitsa. To the south the ridge of the Aytoska Planina forms the boundary with the drainage systems of the Aheloy. The river has predominantly rain feed with high water in February–March and low water in August–September. The average annual flow near the village of Galabets is 0.64 m$^3$/s.
The Hadzhiyska reka flows entirely in Burgas Province. There are four villages along its course, Preobrazhentsi and Razhitsa in Ruen Municipality and Stratsin and Galabets in Pomorie Municipality. Its waters are utilised for irrigation.

## Gallery

* Reeds near Sunny Beach
* The river mouth
* The river mouth with Nesebar

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980, p. 517
# Carl von Breyer

Carl Magnus von Breyer (Russian: Карл Евстафьевич Брейер; 20 August [O.S. 9 August] 1746 in Kuigatsi, Riga Governorate – 10 May [O.S. 28 April] 1813 in Reval/Tallinn, Governorate of Estonia) was a Baltic German naval officer and vice admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy.

## Life

Breyer was born at the Kuigatsi relay station, where his father was post commissioner. In 1763 he joined the cadet corps of the Imperial Russian Navy in Saint Petersburg. After being appointed the rank of Michman in 1769, he was commanded to join the Baltic Fleet that was sent to the Mediterranean under Admiral Grigory Spiridov to take part in the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774), where he fought in the Battle of Chesma with the ship of the line Europa under the command of Captain Fedot Alexeevich Klokachev.
During his career, Breyer commanded several warships, both frigates and ships of the line. One of them was the 66-gun ship of the line Dmitrii Donskoi, which he commanded from 1786 to 1787. He participated in the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790) in command of the 74-gun ship of the line Sviataya Elena (St. Helena), with which he fought in the Battle of Hogland, the Battle of Öland and the Battle of Reval, where his ship fought in the first line, as well as in the Battle of Vyborg Bay (1790).
After Russia joined the First Coalition against Revolutionary France, between 1795 and 1796, the St. Helena, still commanded by Breyer, cruised as Rear Admiral Mikhail Kondratievich Makarov's flagship in the North Sea.
In June 1799, shortly after Breyer himself had been promoted to Rear Admiral, he was commanded to equip a naval squadron as troop transports for the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland. For this, he was assigned the Azia-class ships of the line Iona, Mikhail, and Panteleimon, the Tsar' Konstantin-class ship of the line Aleksandr Nevskii, the formerly Swedish prize ship of the line Ömheten, which had been captured in 1790, as well as the frigate Rafail from Admiral Pyotr Khanykov's squadron In addition to these, the frigates Venus and Revel, the rowing frigates Konstantin and Nikolai, as well as the transport ships Neptune and Minerva were placed under Breyer's command.
In 1802, he was promoted to the rank of vice admiral and appointed as port commander for Tallinn, a post that he held until his retirement in 1804. He spent the rest of his life in Tallinn.

## Honours and awards

* Imperial Russian Order of St. George, IV class (awarded 1785)
* Gold Sword for Bravery (awarded 1790)
* Imperial Russian Order of St. Anna, III class (awarded 1797)
* Imperial Russian Order of St. Anna, I class (awarded 1800)
# Cédric Herrou

Cédric Herrou is a French olive farmer and immigration activist. He became known in France and internationally following his arrests for helping more than 250 migrants cross into France from Italy. Herrou's efforts have been described in the media as the "French Underground railroad". After numerous convictions for assisting migrants to cross the border, Herrou's actions were found to be legal by the French Constitutional Council, which found Herrou's actions to be covered under the constitutional exercise of fraternity to others.

## Life

Herrou was born in 1979 in Nice, France and is an olive farmer in the area of Breil-sur-Roya.
In 2015, Herrou began regularly crossing the French-Italian border near his farm to offer assistance to refugees wishing to enter France. He has been arrested several times for doing this.

## Arrests and prosecution

In August 2016, Herrou was arrested while transporting eight migrants in his van across the Italian-French border. After concluding that Herrou's intent was humanitarian, the French prosecutor in Nice declined to press charges.
On October 20, 2016, Herrou was arrested after he and three other activists occupied the former SNCF railway station Saint-Dalmas-de-Tende, near Tende, France. Herrou was assisting fifty migrants, principally from Eritrea and the Sudan, to cross into France from the Italian city of Ventimiglia and housing them at the disused railway station. The prosecutor, who called Herrou's actions "noble", requested an eight-month suspended sentence. The actual sentence is expected to be handed down by the court on February 10, 2017.
On January 18, 2017 Herrou was taken into custody by local police, with his brother and one other person, for assisting three Eritrean migrants in crossing the border into France. They were released on January 20 without charges being filed.
On 10 February 2017, a trial court in Nice convicted Herrou for aiding illegal arrivals and of fined him €3,000.
On July 6, 2018, the French Constitutional Council ruled that Herrou's actions to help migrants were legal, since the principle of fraternity in the French constitution specifically "confers the freedom to help others, for humanitarian purposes, regardless of the legality of their presence on national territory."
On May 13, 2020, the Appeals Court of Lyon voided all charges against Herrou. On March 31, 2021, the Appeal in Cassation of the General Prosecutor's Office of Lyon is rejected by the Court of Cassation makes the activist's relaxation final.

## Public reaction

Herrou's actions raised the interest of the French public. Arriving for his trial in January 2017 in Nice, he was met by the applause of hundreds of members of the public who supported his actions as well as some who did not. That same month, an editorial addressing Herrou as well as the issues raised by his actions was published by the editorial board of The New York Times.
# Michael A. Carter

Michael A. Carter (died 21 September 2004) was a British sound engineer. He was nominated for two Oscars in the Best Sound category for A Passage to India in 1985 and for Aliens in 1987 and was also nominated for a BAFTA in the Best Sound category in 1996 for GoldenEye. He worked on over 60 films between 1984 and 2004.

## Selected filmography

* A Passage to India (1984)
* Aliens (1986)
* GoldenEye (1995)
# Gibb Droll

Gibb Droll is an American guitarist known for his blues-infused rock. He is the founder of the Gibb Droll Band, but more recently has played with the group Keller Williams with Moseley, Droll and Sipe (formerly the WMDs). He is currently a member of Bruce Hornsby's backing band, the Noisemakers. He has appeared on Jay Leno, Conan O'Brien, The CBS Morning Show, A&E, MTV, VH1, and CMT. His albums have sold over 50,000 records independently, been acknowledged in Billboard Magazine and earned himself a spot in the Rolling Stone Reader's Top 20 Poll.

## Early years

Droll was raised in Virginia Beach, VA, where he was known as an avid skateboarder and guitarist at an early age. Droll is a self-taught musician, recalling in an early nineties interview:
   I haven't been schooled. My brother sold me a guitar when I was ten years old. . . . I think I'm really in love with these damn wooden instruments.
The original lineup of the Gibb Droll band consisted of Droll on guitar, Tom Hall on bass, and Mike Williams (aka Funk Bubble) on drums.

## Discography
### Gibb Droll Band

| Year | Album details |
| 1992 | Gibb Droll (demo) Released: 1992 Songs: I Stand Alone, People, Lady in White, Down Down Down! |
| 1993 | Gibb Droll Live Released: 1993 Recorded @ Lewis', Norfolk, VA Songs: Melting Pot, Blue Love Shawl, Texas Underground, Gentry's Song, People, Unfaithful Woman, Plastic Shuffle, Carrie, Bleeding Heart |
| 1994 | Dharma Released: 1994 Label: Droll Tune Music (#CD002) Songs: Funk-E, Bama Grey, Texas Underground, I'm Cryin', Willie Was Here, Deck of Cards, All Blues, Day In Flint, Unfaithful Woman, Gentry Song, Circumstantial Blues |
| 1995 | Narrow Mouth Jar Released: July 7, 1995 Label: Moonwink (#003) Songs: Time, Changes, You're Gonna Need Me, Ducky, Drop Dee, Crown, Blue Love Shawl, Fade Away, Carrie, A Dobro of Adam's |
| 1998 | Gibb Droll EP (Loaded) Released: 1998 Songs: Loaded, Day Into Night, Indian Song, Time is Free, Leftside, Mexico |
| 1999 | Packin' (ep) Released: 1999 Songs: Packin', Walking Away, Boston, Wasted Time, One More Night |
| 2002 | Walking Away Released: 2002 Label: Bumble Records (#1-4215) Songs: Want You Back, Walking Away, Boston, Eden, Reappear, Mexico, Radio Song, Throw, Loueasyann, I'm Gone, Only One, Woody, One More Night |
| 2006 | Ten Days Released: April 1, 2006 Songs: Free, My Love, Diamonds, Drive Thru, 5 Palm Leaf, Coa-co, Preacher, One Pain, Can't Believe, Keeps Me Around |
| 2009 | Bull Session (w/ Greg Humphreys) Released: August 27, 2009 iTunes exclusive Songs: Birmingham, Cellophane Sunrise, Goodbye Baby (Baby Goodbye), Tortoise, Blue Velvet |

### Keller Williams with Moseley, Droll and Sipe

* 12 (2007)

### Compilations

* Aware Compilation, Vol. 3 (1995)
# Garde Wilson Lawyers

Garde Wilson Lawyers is a criminal defence law firm based in Melbourne, founded by Zarah Garde-Wilson.

## History

Garde Wilson Lawyers was founded in 2008 by Australian criminal defence attorney Zarah Garde-Wilson, known for her involvement in events surrounding the Melbourne gangland killings between January 1998 and August 2010 and her role bringing public attention to the recruitment of lawyers as informants by Victorian Police in the Lawyer X Scandal.<

## Clients

Tony Mokbel: Zarah Garde-Wilson's connection with Mokbel has been noted throughout his legal battles and she has represented him in various legal proceedings.
Robert Karam: Zarah Garde-Wilson represented Karam in his appeal against a 37-year prison sentence for his role in a large-scale drug smuggling operation. Karam's case was complicated by the "Lawyer X" scandal, where his former lawyer, Nicola Gobbo, acted as a police informant, compromising his defence.
Tony Larussa: Zarah Garde-Wilson acted for Tony Larussa, a cattle breeder from Gingin, and successfully argued for his drug trafficking conviction for hiding 10 kg of methamphetamine to be overturned. Initially sentenced to ten years in prison, Larussa's conviction was thrown out by the Supreme Court of Western Australia.
Fadi Haddara: Alleged Haddara crime family boss, Fadi Haddara faced firearms charges in 2024, including possessing unregistered firearms and handling a stolen Glock handgun. This followed a series of raids by Victorian Police under Operation Skyborne set up by Taskforce Santiago which targeted the Haddara family's criminal activities.
Osman El-Houli: Osman El-Houli, a truck driver, was found not guilty of attempting to possess a border-controlled drug after allegedly being hired to drive 3,000 km from Melbourne to collect 400 kg of cocaine in Queensland. Represented at trial in the Supreme Court of Queensland by Zarah Garde-Wilson, the jury acquitted him of all charges.
# Folio (magazine)

Folio, also known as Folio: The Magazine of Magazine Management and Folio: magazine, was a trade magazine for the magazine industry. The magazine was established in 1972 and became known as "the bible of the magazine publishing industry".
Associated initiatives included The FOLIO: Show, a magazine industry trade show and conference; FOLIO: 400, a comprehensive review of major American magazines; The FOLIO: Ad Guide, analyzing magazine advertising; and the FOLIO: Source Book, a buyer's guide for publishers.
The publishers of Folio also organized the Eddie & Ozzie Awards in recognition of high-quality magazines, and inducted new members into the Editorial & Design Hall of Fame.

## Overview

The magazine covered various financial and publishing aspects of the magazine publishing industry. Folio: was a "vertical" publication "aimed at people who hold different jobs within" the magazine publishing industry. Many stories focused on a particular periodical.
Folio: produced two special annual editions:
* Folio: 400
* Folio: Ad Guide

## Publication history

Folio: was founded in 1972 by Joe Hanson of Hanson Publications, Inc. Hanson Publications was acquired by Cowles Media Company in 1988, which was then acquired by Primedia Inc. in 1998.
In 2001, under a joint venture, Folio: and a group of other trade magazines that reported on the media industry were put under the editorial control of Steven Brill. In 2003, Folio: top editor Cable Neuhaus was fired, eventually replaced with Geoff Lewis.
In 2004, Primedia sold Folio: and a sister publication, Circulation Management, to a joint venture with Red 7 Media. Red 7 was acquired by Access Intelligence in 2011.
Folio: ceased print publication in 2018 and stopped publishing digitally in 2020, with the publisher promising to continue to support its other industry activities.

## Awards

The Eddie & Ozzie Awards presented awards in various categories.
# Human Genetics Commission

The Human Genetics Commission (HGC) was an advisory non-departmental public body that advised the UK government on the ethical and social aspects of genetics. This included genetic testing, cloning and other aspects of molecular medicine. The Commission was created after a review of the UK government biotechnology advisory framework in 1999. It was chaired initially by the lawyer, Baroness Helena Kennedy QC and, from 2007 to 2009, the acting chair was Sir John Sulston. From 2009, the Commission was chaired by Professor Jonathan Montgomery and comprised 21 members whose backgrounds include the law, medicine, consumer affairs, philosophy and ethics, scientific research, and clinical practice. Representatives of the Chief Medical Officers of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland also sat on the Commission.
The Commission was abolished when quangos were reviewed by the newly elected government in October 2010. The Commission published its final paper in May 2012.
# The True-Born Englishman

The True-Born Englishman is a satirical poem published in 1701 by English writer Daniel Defoe defending King William III, who was Dutch-born, against xenophobic attacks by his political enemies in England. The poem quickly became a bestseller in England.
According to a preface Defoe supplied to an edition of 1703, the poem's declared target is not Englishness as such but English cultural xenophobia, against the cultural disturbance new immigrants from Continental Europe caused. Defoe's argument was that the English nation as it already existed in his time was a product of various emigrating European ethnic groups, from the Ancient Britons to Anglo-Saxons, Normans and beyond. It was therefore nonsensical to abuse newer arrivals since the English law and customs would assure their inevitable assimilation:
   I only infer, that an English Man, of all Men ought not to despise Foreigners as such, and I think the Inference is just, since what they are to Day, we were yesterday, and to morrow they will be like us. If Foreigners misbehave in their several Stations and Employments, I have nothing to do with that; the Laws are open to punish them equally with Natives, and let them have no Favour.
   But when I see the Town full of Lampoons and Invectives against Dutchmen, Only because they are Foreigners, and the King Reproached and Insulted by Insolent Pedants, and Ballad-making Poets, for employing Foreigners, and for being a Foreigner himself, I confess my self moved by it to remind our Nation of their own Original, thereby to let them see what a Banter is put upon our selves in it; since speaking of Englishmen ab Origine, we are really all Foreigners our selves.

## Extract

   Thus from a Mixture of all Kinds began, That Het'rogeneous Thing, An Englishman: In eager Rapes, and furious Lust begot, Betwixt a Painted Britain and a Scot. Whose gend'ring Off-spring quickly learn'd to Bow, And yoke their Heifers to the Roman Plough: From whence a Mongrel half-Bred Race there came, With neither Name, nor Nation, Speech or Fame. In whose hot Veins new Mixtures quickly ran, Infus'd betwixt a Saxon and a Dane. While their Rank Daughters, to their Parents just, Receiv'd all nations with promiscuous lust. This Nauseous Brood directly did contain The well extracted Blood of Englishmen.
This extract was used by historian and political scientist Benedict Anderson as an epigram for his 1983 book Imagined Communities discussing the origins of nationalism.
# Bivitellobilharzia nairi

Bivitellobilharzia nairi is a species of trematodes, part of the family Schistosomatidae. This is a fairly new identified endoparasite that was found in 1945 by Mudaliar and Ramanujachari, who first recorded the parasite in India. Researchers collected fecal samples of the Indian rhinoceros and were startled to find B. nairi eggs.

## Morphology

The morphological characteristics of the egg are a spindle shape with a terminal spine The eggs are characteristically similar to schistosome eggs. They also share a distinct similarity with the eggs of the elephant blood fluke. Researchers sequenced specific sections of the fluke egg's DNA and found that the elephant blood fluke and the rhinoceros blood fluke matched sequences with each other. Both species are hosts to the same parasites. The elephant schistosome is able to infect the Indian rhinoceros. Elephants and Indian rhinoceros must share the same physiological structures to be infected by the same B. nairi parasite. They also share the same habitat, making transmission from one species to the other fairly easy.

## Transmission

The elephant schistosome is a parasitic trematode that uses the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) as a definitive host. Two other hosts may be the Indian elephant and the greater one-horned rhinoceros. Once the elephant is infected, it releases schistosome eggs in its feces near a freshwater habitat, where it infects the intermediate host, snails. The cercariae larval stage of the parasite are released into fresh water and become free-swimming parasites to then penetrate the hosts' skin. Once inside the mammal, the cercariae lose their tails during infection and pair with an adult worm to sexually reproduce. Eggs produced in host are passed in feces to then be deposited in fresh water once again and release the miracidia within. The miracidia then penetrate the snail host tissue. These freshwater snails have been confirmed to be intermediate hosts. So far, two intermediate snail genera have been identified, Indoplanorbis exustus and Lymnaea luteola.

## Symptoms

Elephants and Indian rhinoceros may experience loss of appetite, constipation, suppression of urination, and even vomiting. B. nairi can be found to be living in the portal veins of these mammals.

## Treatment

Education is important in preventing infection with B. nairi in elephants and rhinoceros. Praziquantel has been shown to reduce the severity of symptoms.
# Georgios Kostis

Georgios Kostis (Greek: Γεώργιος Κωστής; born 7 October 1972) is a retired Greek football midfielder and later manager.

## Personal

His son is Ilias Kostis.