OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stits SA-2A Sky Baby

The Stits SA-2A Sky Baby is a homebuilt aircraft designed for the challenge of claiming the title of "The World's Smallest".

## Design and development

The Sky Baby was designed by Ray Stits and built with Robert H. Starr as a follow-on to the Stits Junior midget racer. The aircraft is an enclosed single engine negative staggered cantilevered biplane with conventional landing gear. The fuselage is constructed of welded steel tubing with aircraft fabric covering. The upper wings have flaps, the lower wings have ailerons. Most aircraft use a flat firewall between the engine and pilot's feet, the Skybaby is configured with the pilot sitting with the engine close to the lap, and rudder pedals located under the oil sump toward the front of the cowling. The powerplant was sourced from an ERCO Ercoupe, modified with water injection to produce 112 hp (84 kW).

## Operational history

The aircraft was test flown by Robert H. Starr on 26 May 1952 at Palm Springs, California. The short coupled aircraft was originally built with tricycle landing gear, which was dropped in favor of the lighter tailwheel arrangement. The aircraft required a 170 lb (77 kg) pilot to remain within the center of gravity and was only flown by pilots Robert H. Starr and Lester Cole that met the criteria. The landing procedure uses 125 mph (201 km/h) entry patterns, with 80 mph (129 km/h) on final approach, and 55 mph (89 km/h) touchdown speeds. The aircraft performed publicity flights to promote an airshow act. It was retired in October 1952 after 25 hours of flight time.
The aircraft was eventually donated to the National Air and Space Museum for display. Ray Stits was a mechanic and Second World War fighter pilot, but claimed he was not an engineer. He went on to develop several home-built designs, including the Stits SA-3A Playboy, which would be the basis for the VanGrunsven RV-1 and thousands of Van's Aircraft.

## Aircraft on display

The Sky Baby was on display at the EAA Airventure Museum in Oshkosh, Wisconsin on loan from the National Air and Space Museum. In 2014, the Sky Baby was moved to the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center of the National Air and Space Museum, and placed on display there.

## Specifications (SA-2A)

Data from Sport Aviation
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 9 ft 10 in (3.00 m)
* Wingspan: 7 ft 2 in (2.18 m)
* Height: 5 ft (1.5 m)
* Wing area: 36.5 sq ft (3.39 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 452 lb (205 kg)
* Gross weight: 666 lb (302 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 5 U.S. gallons (19 L; 4.2 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental C85 four cylinder, four-stroke, aircraft engine with water injection, 112 hp (84 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed aluminum
Performance
* Maximum speed: 190 kn (220 mph, 350 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 143 kn (165 mph, 266 km/h)
* Stall speed: 52 kn (60 mph, 97 km/h)
# Kirkus Reviews

Kirkus Reviews is an American book review magazine founded in 1933 by Virginia Kirkus. The magazine's publisher, Kirkus Media, is headquartered in New York City. Kirkus Reviews confers the annual Kirkus Prize to authors of fiction, nonfiction, and young readers' literature.
Kirkus Reviews, published on the first and 15th of each month, previews books before their publication. Kirkus reviews over 10,000 titles per year.

## History

Virginia Kirkus was hired by Harper & Brothers to establish a children's book department in 1926. In 1932, the department was eliminated as an economic measure. However, within a year, Louise Raymond, the secretary Kirkus hired, had the department running again. Kirkus, however, had left and soon established her own book review service. Initially, she arranged to get galley proofs of "20 or so" books in advance of their publication; almost 80 years later, the service was receiving hundreds of books weekly and reviewing about 100.
Initially titled Bulletin by Kirkus' Bookshop Service from 1933 to 1954, the title was changed to Bulletin from Virginia Kirkus' Service from January 1, 1955, issue onwards, and successively shortened to Virginia Kirkus' Service with the December 15, 1964, issue, and Kirkus Service in 1967, before it attained its current title, Kirkus Reviews, with January 1, 1969, issue.
In 1985, Anne Larsen was brought on as fiction editor, soon to become editor, remaining the editorial head of Kirkus until 2006 and modifying the review format and style for improved readability, concision, accuracy, and impact.

## Ownership

Kirkus Reviews was sold to The New York Review of Books in 1970 and subsequently sold by the Review to Barbara Bader and Josh Rubins, who served also as the publication's editors. In 1985, magazine consultant James B. Kobak acquired Kirkus Reviews. David LeBreton bought Kirkus from Kobak in 1993. BPI Communications, owned by Dutch publisher VNU, bought Kirkus from LeBreton in 1999. At the end of 2009, the company announced the end of operations for Kirkus.
The journal was purchased from VNU (by then renamed The Nielsen Company, or Nielson N.V.) on February 10, 2010, by businessman Herbert Simon. Terms were not disclosed. The company was thereafter renamed Kirkus Media, and book industry veteran Marc Winkelman was made publisher.

## Reviewing

Kirkus Reviews has a traditional program of reviewing that does not require payment for reviews. Kirkus Reviews also offers an Indie program that allows book authors to purchase, but not modify or influence, reviews that the book author can choose whether or not to publish on the Kirkus website, and if published may also be published in the magazine or email newsletter based on Kirkus editor discretion.

## Kirkus Prize

In 2014, Kirkus Reviews started the Kirkus Prize, bestowing $50,000 prizes annually to authors of fiction, nonfiction, and young readers' literature.
# Charles Laurent

Charles Louis Laurent (18 March 1879 – 10 July 1965) was a French trade union leader.
From 1899, Laurent worked for the Deposits and Consignments Fund, eventually rising to become office manager. He became interested in trade unionism, and in 1908 he established a loose federation of civil servants. It had 140,000 on its launch, and 228,000 the following year. It led a strike in the postal service that year, and this convinced Laurent to reform the body as the more formal Civil Servants' Federation, becoming its general secretary.
The federation was able to sustain its membership, around half of whom were schoolteachers. In 1913, Laurent launched a union journal. Although the federation was forced to stop operations at the start of World War I, Laurent revived it in 1917. From 1915 to 1918, he served as a captain in the army, but remained based in Paris.
In 1920, Laurent took the federation into the General Confederation of Labour (CGT). In 1922, he was laid off from his government job, and began working full-time for the union. In 1924, the government raided the union's offices in the hope of discovering evidence of fraud, but there was none, and this led Laurent into opposition to the National Bloc.
From 1925 until 1940, Laurent served on the National Economic Council. He also served on the executive of the CGT from 1927, and as secretary of the International Federation of Civil Servants from 1931, then of its successor, the International Federation of Employees in Public and Civil Services. Although he opposed the communists, he accepted them into the union in 1937, remaining its leader.
Laurent opposed the Vichy government, later moving to London and serving on the National Council of the Resistance, then on the Provisional Consultative Assembly. In 1946, he left his trade union posts, being nominated by the CGT as the government commissioner for the banque de l’Union parisienne.
Laurent retired in 1963 and died two years later. He was awarded the Légion d’honneur.
# Tom Flood

Tom Flood (born 17 March 1955) is an Australian novelist, playwright, and writer of short stories. His is best known for authoring the novel Oceana Fine for which he won several of Australia's top literary prizes; among them the Australian/Vogel Literary Award, the Miles Franklin Award, and the Victorian Premier's Literary Award.

## Life and career

Tom Flood was born in Sydney in New South Wales, and grew up in Western Australia. He is the son of Dorothy Hewett and Les Flood. He is the brother of Joe Flood, Michael Flood, Kate Lilley and Rozanna Lilley. In his early years he worked variously as a paper boy, a tuna fisherman, a bus conductor and a rock musician.
Flood's first novel Oceana Fine won the 1988 Australian/Vogel Literary Award, the 1990 Miles Franklin Award and the 1990 Victorian Premier's Literary Award Vance Palmer Prize for Fiction. He has had a handful of short stories published in newspapers and journals, both Australian and international.
In 2001 he won the Banjo Paterson Writing Award in the prose category for his short story "The Old Trails".

## Works
### Novels

* Oceana Fine (1989, Allen and Unwin)

### Plays

* Model Citizen (1993)

### Short stories

* "Devegetation" (1986, published in Australian Short Stories)
* "A Taste of Writing : Word of Mouth" (1990, published in The Independent Monthly)
* "Tattoo" (1991, published in Millennium : Time-Pieces by Australian Writers)
* "Birdland" (1993, published in The Book of Poets on the Heath)
* "Apostrophe" (1996, published in Risks)
* "The Old Trails" (2001)
* "Countercharacter No. 3" (2001, published in Southerly)
* "Countercharacter No. 4" (2007, published in Salt Magazine)
* "In the Skin" (2022, published in Phase Change)

### Other

* "Snapshots and Memory's Alchemy" (1989, published in The Australian Magazine), criticism
* "Deluge of Memory" (1991, published in Editions), review of Fineflour by Gillian Mears
* "First Light, First Light, Touch a Star and Catch as Might" from a Work-in-Progress (1993, published in Picador New Writing 1993), extract
* "Saying Father" (1994, published in Family Pictures), biography
# MX Aircraft MX2

The MX2 is a carbon fiber, two seat tandem sport aircraft produced by MX Aircraft of Perth, Western Australia. The MX2 has been used by competitors in the annual Red Bull Air Race World Championship.

## Design and development

The MX2 was based on the Giles G-202 aerobatic trainer, the first prototype was a modified G-202 and first flew in May 2002. The first aircraft of the initial production batch of five first flew in May 2005. The MX2 is a carbon-fibre low wing cantilever monoplane with full span ailerons and a conventional landing gear with a tailwheel. It has an enclosed cockpit for two in tandem on reclining seats and a single piece canopy. The MX2 is powered by a 260 hp (194 kW) Lycoming IO-540 flat-six piston engine with a three-blade tractor propeller. Optimised for aerobatic speed and agility the MX2 can pull a G-load of plus and minus 14 Gs, giving it tight turns and loops and a range of aerobatic maneuvers.
Rob Holland (pilot) won the 2008 World Advanced Aerobatic Championships in a MX2 and the 2018 US National Aerobatic Championships.
An MX2 raced a Supermarine Spitfire around the Isle of Wight for the 70th anniversary of the first Spitfire produced. The Spitfire won.

## Specifications

Data fromJane's All the World's Aircraft 2008-2009
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 21 ft 6 in (6.55 m)
* Wingspan: 24 ft 0 in (7.32 m)
* Height: 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)
* Wing area: 102 sq ft (9.5 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 1,287 lb (584 kg)
* Gross weight: 2,150 lb (975 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming IO-540 flat-six piston engine, 260 hp (194 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 220 kn (253 mph, 407 km/h)
* Stall speed: 58 kn (67 mph, 108 km/h)
* g limits: ±12
* Roll rate: 420°/s
# Carabus arvensis

Carabus arvensis is a species of beetle in family Carabidae. It is found in the Palearctic

## Description

A large granulate bronze or green ground beetle with a body length of 16-20mm.

## Distribution

Europe north to the Arctic Circle and east across the Palearctic to Siberia, Sakhalin and Japan.

## Biology

A montane moorland and blanket bog species in the West. Found in dry woods in the East.
# 8TV (Poland)

8TV was a Polish television channel, launched on 28 September 2016. On June 16, 2017, the channel was replaced with Eska TV.
# Carla Obermeyer

Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer is a medical anthropologist and epidemiologist specializing in the study of fertility and HIV. A former associate professor of Population and International Health at Harvard University, Obermeyer was director of the Center for Research on Population and Health at the American University of Beirut as of 2013. She has also worked for the World Health Organization's Department of HIV/AIDS.
Obermeyer is the editor of Family, Gender and Population in the Middle East (1995) and Cultural Perspectives on Reproductive Health (2001). She has called for more rigorous studies into the health effects of female genital mutilation.

## Education

* 1988, D.Sc. Harvard School of Public Health, Population, Maternal / Child Health, Behavioral Sciences
* 1983, M.Sc. Epidemiology, American University of Beirut
* 1976, M.A. Anthropology, American University of Beirut
* 1973 B.A. Sociology (with distinction), American University of Beirut
# Sunitha Wickramasinghe

Sunitha Wickramasinghe was a Sri Lankan born British academic and haematologist. A Professor of Haematology, he was the former Deputy Dean of the Imperial College School of Medicine and one of the world's leading authorities on congenital dyserythropoietic anaemias
Born to a family of scientists, his father was a Cambridge educated mathematician. Educated at the Royal College Colombo, he went on to study medicine at the Colombo Medical College, University of Ceylon graduating with an MBBS degree in 1964. Moving to the United Kingdom, he specialized in haematology and carried out research at the University of Cambridge where he was elected to a Gulbenkian Research Studentship. He gained his PhD in 1968 and was elected to the John Lucas Walker Senior (post-doctoral) Studentship in 1968 along with receiving a ScD in 1984. He was elected to Fellowships of the Royal College of Pathologists, the Institute of Biology and received Honorary Membership, later Fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians as well as being made a Honorary Fellow of the Sri Lanka College of Haematology.
Prof Wickramasinghe carried out research at the University of Leeds, thereafter he joined the St Mary's Hospital Medical School in 1970, serving until his retirement in 2000. During this time he was appointed Professor of Haematology and was Deputy Dean at Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's. He introduced the BSc course in haematology at St Mary's.
# Cannula (disambiguation)

Cannula, used alone or in combination with other words, has several meanings. It derives from the Latin "little reed"; and often refers to a tube.

## Biology

* Cannulae (archaea), hollow tubes found on the surface of some archaea, allowing them to establish contact with each other

## Medicine and Technology

Technology and medicine
* Cannula
** Nasal cannula
** Cannula transfer
** Karman cannula
* Cannulated cow
* Cannulated screws (orthopedic implants)
* Cannula transfer or cannulation, a subset of air-free techniques used with a Schlenk line

## Zoology

* Cannula is a genus of straw-mimicking grasshoppers in the family Acrididae
# Gilberte Brossolette

Gilberte Brossolette (née Bruel; 27 December 1905 – 18 February 2004) was a French journalist and politician. A member of the French Resistance during the Second World War, she was the wife of journalist and politician Pierre Brossolette (1903-1944), who committed suicide while being tortured by the Gestapo.

## Early life and wartime

She was born at 24 rue Vaneau in Paris, the daughter of a bank manager, Gilbert Bruel, and his wife, Marie-Thèrese Deromas. She obtained her baccalaureat from the Institut Sainte-Clotilde in Paris; afterwards, she received a diploma from the Sorbonne and began working as a journalist, employed by papers such as Marianne and Le Populaire. On 20 July 1926 she married Pierre Brossolette, who was three years older than her, and they had two children, Anne and Claude; the latter became a high-ranking civil servant. In 1940, after the fall of France, the couple began holding secret meetings at their home with a view to setting up a Resistance movement. They set up a Russian bookshop at 89 rue de la Pompe, and this became a centre for the Resistance.
In 1942, after their teenage son had been taken in for questioning by the Gestapo, they tried to escape to London, with Gilberte and the children travelling by felucca to Gibraltar and thence to the UK. There she worked for the BBC and for the Commissariat à l'Intérieur de la France libre.

## Post-war and politics

In 1946, nominated by the SFIO (French Section of the Workers' International), she was one of 21 women elected to the new Conseil de la République that formed the interim government of France. She later complained that it was difficult for her to speak up for women's rights because her position as Brossolette's widow gave her a different status. She was Vice-President of the Council of the Republic (which replaced the Senate in the Fourth Republic). She continued as a senator until 1959.
Gilberte's biography of her husband, titled Il s’appelait Pierre Brossolette, was first published in 1976. She died, aged 98, at Fontainebleau.
In the 2015 television film Pierre Brossolette ou les passagers de la lune, the role of Gilberte was played by Léa Drucker.
# Lassance

Lassance is a Brazilian municipality located in the north of the state of Minas Gerais. In 2020 the population was 6,503 in a total area of 3,213 km². It became a municipality in 1953.

## Geography

Lassance is located on federal highway BR-496 at an elevation of 504 meters. It is south of the nearest population center, Pirapora and north of Corinto. The municipality is crossed by the Rio das Velhas, a tributary of the São Francisco River. Neighboring municipalities are: Buritizeiro, Várzea da Palma, Buenópolis, and Confria. Lassance is part of the statistical microregion of Pirapora. It is 263 km. from the state capital of Belo Horizonte.

## Economy

The most important economic activities are cattle raising (35,000 head in 2006), mining, industry, and agriculture. The GDP in 2005 was R$ 36,064,000. The most important agricultural crops are bananas, papaya, mangoes, rice, sugarcane, manioc, beans and corn. There were 247 automobiles. In the rural area there were 450 producers. The total area of agricultural land was 88,000 hectares in 2006, of which 4,500 ha. were planted in crops. As of 2006 there were 124 tractors. In the urban area there were no banking agencies in 2006.

## Health and education

This municipality is isolated from major population centers and suffers from drought and poor soils.
* Municipal Human Development Index: 0.681 (2000)
* State ranking: 630 out of 853 municipalities as of 2000
* National ranking: 3,283 out of 5,138 municipalities as of 2000
The highest ranking municipality in Minas Gerais in 2000 was Poços de Caldas with 0.841, while the lowest was Setubinha with 0.568. Nationally the highest was São Caetano do Sul in São Paulo with 0.919, while the lowest was Setubinha.
* Degree of urbanization: 49.97% (2000) The rate for Minas Gerais was 82%
* Infant mortality rate: 28.57 (2000) The rate for Minas Gerais was 17.40; the rate for Brazil was 18.91.
* Illiteracy rate: 21.02% (15 years old or older)(Data from 2000) The rate for Minas Gerais was 11.96; the rate for Brazil was 13.63
* Urban area covered by sewage system: 0.40%--the rate for Minas Gerais was 81.39%
* Health centers and hospitals: 04 health centers. There were no hospitals. The nearest large hospital was in Pirapora.
# Laura Olascuaga

Laura Victoria Olascuaga Pinto is a Colombian model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Colombia 2020 pageant on November 16, 2020. She represented Colombia at Miss Universe 2020 and was placed in the top twenty-one.

## Early life and education

Olascuaga was born in Cartagena, raised in the capital of the Department of Bolívar. She graduated from the Universidad del Norte in Barranquilla city, where she earned her bachelor degree in social communication and journalism.

## Pageantry
### Señorita Colombia 2018

Olascuaga began her pageantry career representing the Department of Bolívar in Miss Colombia 2018 on November 12, 2018. She placed first runner-up, being awarded the title of “Virreina”, but resigned the following day.

### Miss Universe Colombia 2020

On November 16, 2020, Olascuaga, representing the Department of Bolívar, won the title of Miss Universe Colombia 2020, although she notably tripped during the Evening Gown competition. Olascuaga was crowned by former Miss Germany and current director of Miss Universe Colombia, Natalie Ackermann and Miss Universe 2018, Catriona Gray of the Philippines.

### Miss Universe 2020

As the winner of Miss Universe Colombia, Olascuaga represented Colombia at Miss Universe 2020, where she reached the top 21.
# Gustavo Giagnoni

Gustavo Giagnoni (23 March 1932 – 7 August 2018) was an Italian professional footballer and coach. He played as a defender.
As a player, he started his career with hometown side Olbia Calcio. He went on to spend a decade playing as a sweeper for Mantova and three seasons at Reggiana.
Giagnoni died on 7 August 2018, at the age of 86.

## Honours
### Player

Mantova
* Serie C: 1958–59

### Manager

Mantova
* Serie B: 1970–71
* Serie C2:: 1992–93

### Individual

* Torino FC Hall of Fame: 2018
# Israel Sesay

Israel Sesay (born September 4, 1990) is a soccer player who currently plays as a defender for the Empire Strykers in the Major Arena Soccer League. Born in Sierra Leone, he has represented the United States at youth level.

## Career
### Early life and amateur

Sesay immigrated from his native Sierra Leone with his family at the age of 11, settling in Gaithersburg, Maryland. He attended Quince Orchard High School, where he starred as a forward and helped lead his school to the Regional Quarterfinals in 2005. He also played for local club team Potomac Cougars.

### Professional

Sesay came to Los Angeles Galaxy as part of a weighted lottery in August 2007, and made his MLS debut on September 13, 2007, coming on as a substitute for Kyle Martino against Chivas USA; in doing so, Sesay became the youngest player in Los Angeles history to appear in a game, at the age of 17 years and 9 days, breaking the former record held by Guillermo Gonzalez, who was 17 years and 168 days when he made his debut in June 2003.
With the MLS Reserve Division having been scrapped at the end of 2008, Los Angeles loaned Sesay to the Hollywood United Hitmen of the USL Premier Development League and the Cleveland City Stars of the USL First Division for part of the 2009 season, to maintain his match fitness levels. He scored two goals on his Hollywood debut on May 16, 2009, against Bakersfield Brigade.
Sesay signed with the Real Maryland Monarchs of the USL Second Division on April 26, 2010. However, Sesay was still considered to be a part of Los Angeles per the MLS Players Union Player Salaries as of June 14, 2010.
Sesay signed with the Los Angeles Blues of the USL Pro in January 2011. He re-signed with LA for the 2012 season on October 7, 2011.
In October 2013, Sesay signed with the Ontario Fury (now the Empire Strykers) of the Professional Arena Soccer League. In January 2014, he was traded to the Las Vegas Legends. The following season he transferred back to the Ontario Fury.

### International

Sesay played in 14 games with the U.S. national Under-17 team between 2006 and 2008, making ten starts and collecting three assists.