OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Württemberg

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Württemberg (German: Württembergischer Außenminister) was a ministry of the Kingdom of Württemberg, that existed from 1806 to 1919.

## History

The position was also called the "Minister of the Royal House and of Foreign Affairs."

### Kingdom of Württemberg

Upon the establishment of the Kingdom of Württemberg, King Frederick I dissolved all councils and created a constitutional monarchy within the German Empire, with four votes in the Federal Council (German: Bundesrat) and 17 in the Imperial Diet (German: Reichstag). The kingdom possessed a bicameral legislature with the upper chamber, (German: Standesherren), being appointed by the King and the lower house, (German: Abgeordnetenhaus), electing its own chairman (after 1874).
The highest executive power rested in the hands of the Ministry of State (German: Staatsministerium), consisting of six ministers: Justice, Foreign Affairs (with the royal household, railways, posts and telegraphs), Interior, Public Worship and Education, War, and Finance. There was no official Prime Minister in Württemberg until 1876, when the Mittnacht Government was reconsolidated. The Ministers who emerged as speakers in the State Parliament were generally regarded by their contemporaries as primus inter pares of the Ministerial Council, and the respective governments were named after these Ministers.
The kingdom ended with the abdication of King William II in November 1918, but the political system experienced no further convulsions of a serious character, with a constitution that resembled those of the other German states.

### Ministers of Foreign Affairs

* 1806–1807: Georg Ernst Levin von Wintzingerode
* 1807–1812: Ludwig von Taube
* 1812–1814: Ferdinand Ludwig von Zeppelin
* 1814–1816: Georg Ernst Levin von Wintzingerode
* 1816–1819: Ferdinand Ludwig von Zeppelin
* 1819–1823: Heinrich Levin von Wintzingerode
* 1823–1848: Joseph Ignaz von Beroldingen
* 1848–1849: Karl von Roser
* 1849–1850: Karl von Wächter-Spittler
* 1850–1851: Joseph von Linden
* 1851–1854: Constantin Franz von Neurath
* 1854–1855: Joseph von Linden
* 1855–1864: Karl Eugen von Hügel
* 1864–1870: Karl von Varnbüler
* 1870–1871: Adolf von Taube
* 1871–1873: August von Wächter
* 1873–1900: Hermann von Mittnacht
* 1900–1906: Julius von Soden
* 1906–1918: Karl von Weizsäcker
* 1918–1918: Theodor Liesching
* 1918–1920: Wilhelm Blos

### List of treaties of the Kingdom of Württemberg

* Act for the Organization of the German Confederation
* Bavaria–Württemberg Customs Union Treaty
* Dresden Coinage Convention
* Geneva Convention (1864)
* Munich Coinage Treaty
* Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law
* Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868
* Treaty of Fulda
* Treaty of the Confederation of the Rhine
* Vienna Monetary Treaty
* Zollverein Treaties

## See

* Kingdom of Württemberg
# Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry

The Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry (German: Königliche-Sächsische Forstakademie) in Tharandt, Saxony, near Dresden, was founded by silviculturist Heinrich Cotta in 1811. Established in conjunction with the school, and later integrated with it, was the Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt, one of the oldest arboreta in the world. Its legacy lives on today as a campus of the Dresden University of Technology and site of that institution's Department of Forestry.

## History

In Saxony, as in other parts of Germany, there were concerns that forests might be over-exploited and needed to be properly managed. In 1810, Heinrich Cotta was appointed to a government forestry post under Frederick Augustus I of Saxony. He also taught forestry, but the forestry school was initially run on a private basis. In 1813, the school was visited by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. In 1816, after the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Cotta obtained state support for the school, which became the Königlich-Sächsische Forstakademie. Apart from Germans, it attracted a number of foreign students, including a contingent from Russia. In 1841 Cotta was given an award by Tsar Nicholas I in recognition of his efforts at Tharandt.
By the time of German reunification in 1990, the College of Forestry (Forstliche Hochschule) had already been integrated into the Dresden University of Technology (DUT).

## Arboretum

Among the oldest arboreta in the world, the Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt, was established by Cotta in the same year as the Academy. Five years later, in 1816, it was integrated administratively with the College.
Today it belongs to the Faculty of Environmental Sciences of the Dresden University. It is open to the public from April to October, and the admission is free of charge.

## Legacy

The school lives on today as a campus of the Dresden University of Technology, and site of its Department of Forestry, which continues to train foresters.
The arboretum was expanded most recently in 1998. Today it contains some 2,000 species and varieties of woody plants. Its museum is housed in the Schweizerhaus Tharandt.
In 2002, a severe flood destroyed many of the academy buildings and the library, including some of its more-than-500-year-old books.
The academy was rebuilt and today has about 650 students and is famous for its long traditions of educating students from all over the world in forestry (including a programme in tropical forestry), resource management and sustainable land use.
# Assa Sylla

Assa Aïcha Sylla (born 3 June 1996) is a French actress and writer. She debuted in the film Girlhood (2014), which earned her César and Black Reel Award nominations. She has since starred in the French version of Skam (2018–2020), the Netflix series Mortel (2019), and the film The Last Mercenary (2021).

## Early life

Sylla was born in the 15th arrondissement of Paris south of the river to Soninke parents from Mauritania, her father a cleaner and her mother a stay-at-home mother, and grew up in the Barbès area of the 18th arrondissement north of the river. She has three sisters and two brothers. She is Muslim.
Sylla attended Lycée Edgar Quinet Filières Professionnelles. She was scouted at 17 by the Girlhood casting directors when she accompanied her friends to the auditions. Then, she played the role of the Franco-Malian boxer Aya Cissoko in Danbé, la tête haute - portraying the boxer's teenage years. For this role, she took intensive boxing lessons whilst continuing to study for her baccalauréat professionnel.
# John Tremayne (1647–1694)

Sir John Tremayne SL (1647–1694) was an English lawyer and politician. He became a Serjeant-at-Law and King's Serjeant in 1689, acting as counsel during a number of cases before the House of Lords. He also represented Tregony in Parliament between 1690 and 1694.

## Early and family life

Tremayne was baptised in Mevagissey, Cornwall, on 16 September 1647, the first son of Colonel Lewis Tremayne (1619–1685) and Mary (1625–1701), daughter and co-heiress of John Carew of Penwarne. In 1680 he married Frances (baptised 1655, died 1683), daughter of William Davie of Sandford, Devon. They had one son, John, who died young in about 1692.
He succeeded his father to the Heligan estate in 1685, where in 1692 he rebuilt the house using Heligan bricks in William and Mary style.
His death is recorded by Narcissus Luttrell on 20 February 1694, but the exact date is unknown. On 23 February, he was buried in the Temple Church, London. The estate passed to his younger brother Charles (1650–1695), ancestor of Henry Hawkins Tremayne (1741–1829), who initiated the creation of the gardens now known as the Lost Gardens of Heligan.

## Career

After studying law, he was called to the bar in 1673, after entering the Inner Temple in 1666 and transferring to the Middle Temple in 1669. In May 1689 he was called with others to be Serjeant-at-Law, and was made a King's Serjeant, representing the Crown in court. His name frequently occurs in cases before the House of Lords from 1689 to 1693; he was counsel for the Crown against Richard Graham, 1st Viscount Preston and others for high treason in January 1691, was engaged for Sir John Germaine in the action brought against him by Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk for adultery with Mary, Duchess of Norfolk, and he acted for the crown on the trial of Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun for the murder of actor William Mountfort in January 1693.
He was knighted on 31 October 1689, and in 1690 was returned as Member of Parliament for the Cornish borough of Tregony. In June 1692 he was a candidate for the Recorder of London, but was beaten at the poll.
Pleas of the Crown in Matters Criminal and Civil was published in 1723 after being "digested and revised" by John Rice of Furnival's Inn. An English translation by Thomas Vickers was published in Dublin in 1793.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 Handley, Stuart (May 2009). "Tremayne, Sir John (bap. 1647, d. 1694)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27692. Retrieved 1 January 2011. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
* 1 2 "The Tremayne Family: Collacombe/Heligan branch" (PDF). Constantine Heritage Collection. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
* ↑ "Our Timeline". Lost Gardens of Heligan. Archived from the original on 8 June 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
# E. J. Barthel

Elijah J. "E. J." Barthel (born February 1, 1985) is a former American football fullback and current running backs coach for the Nebraska Cornhuskers. He was signed by the Las Vegas Locomotives as an undrafted free agent in 2009. He played college football at Massachusetts.
Barthel grew up in East Rutherford, New Jersey and attended Henry P. Becton Regional High School.

## College career

Barthel played his first three years at Rutgers University. He redshirted his Freshman year and was injured as a redshirt Freshman. His Sophomore year he played in 2 games. Barthel transferred to UMass, along with Tight end Brad Listorti, as a Junior and played in all 15 games, starting 3. He rushed twice for 7 yards and had a catch for 20. He was a major contributor on special teams and had 4 tackles as UMass made it to the National Championship that year in 2006. As a senior Barthel battled injuries and only registered 1 rush of 5 yards and 1 catch for 4 yards.

## Professional career

Barthel had a tryout with the New York Giants but was not signed by the team.
Barthel signed with the Las Vegas Locomotives for the 2009 season where he teamed with fellow UMass football alum Marcel Shipp.
# Pino I Ordelaffi

Pino I (or II) Ordelaffi (c. 1356 – July 1402) was an Italian condottiero and lord of Forlì from 1386 until his death. A member of the Ordelaffi family, he was the son of Giovanni Ordelaffi and Tebalda Malatesta. He was also Papal vicar of Forlimpopoli, Castrocaro Terme and Sarsina.
After imprisoning his uncle Sinibaldo, he assumed the rule of Forlì in 1386. In 1399 he poisoned his cousin Giovanni Ordelaffi.
He died by apoplexy. His brother Cecco III succeeded him in the rule of Forlì.
# Samaj Ko Badal Dalo (1947 film)

Samaj Ko Badal Dalo (Change This World) is a 1947 Indian Hindi social melodrama film directed by Vijay Bhatt. Produced under the Prakash Pictures banner, its music composer was Khemchand Prakash, with lyrics by Pandit Indra, Roopdas, and Qamar Jalalabadi. The story, screenplay and dialogues were by Pandit Girish. Its cinematographer was Yusuf Mulji and the film starred Arun Ahuja, Mridula, Yakub, Leela Pawar, Umakant and Bikram Kapoor.
Bhatt's social film dealt with the issue of "mismatched" marriages and advocated divorce, setting a partner free in order to choose their own mate. Samaj Ko Badal Dalo (1970) is a film of the same name directed by V. Madhusudan Rao and produced by Gemini, however it had no relation to the 1947 film, but was instead a remake of A. Vincent's award-winning Malayalam film, Thulabharam (1968).

## Plot

Kishore (Arun) and Manorama (Mridula) are in love, but unable to get married. Mridula's father is a clerk, who can't afford to pay the dowry demanded by Arun's family. Jayant (Yakub) is a widower, and Mridula is married off to him. His cruel behaviour becomes apparent when he starts torturing Mridula soon after their marriage. Arun's parents get him married to the rich Champa (Leela Pawar), who is in love with someone else. Arun helps her marry Naresh, the man she loves, by giving her a divorce. Arun watches the torture inflicted on Mridula and the story then continues through tense scenes where eventually Arun kills Jayant and unwittingly Mridula, too, following which he's sent to a mental asylum having been declared insane.

## Cast

* Arun as Kishore
* Mridula Rani as Manorama
* Yakub as Jayant
* Leela Pawar as Champa
* Umakant
* Bikram Kapoor
* Prem Dhawan
* Ramesh Sinha
* Shabnam
* Mohammed Rafi

## Crew

The film's crew consisted of:
* Directed: Vijay Bhatt
* Produced: Vijay Bhatt
* Story: Pandit Girish
* Screenplay: Pandit Girish
* Dialogue: Pandit Girish
* Cinematography: Yusuf Mulji
* Choreography: Sachin Shankar, Sharad Shukla
* Editing: Pratap Dave
* Art Direction: M. V. Dubashe, B. M. Shukla
* Audiography: T. K. Dave
* Music: Khemchand Prakash
* Lyrics: Pandit Indra, Roopdas, Qamar Jalalabadi

## Soundtrack

Samaj Ko Badal Dalo was one of the early films for which Mohammed Rafi recorded songs in Bombay. The others were Gaon Ki Gori (1945) and Jugnu (1947). The music direction was by Khemchand Prakash, with lyrics by Pandit Indra, Roopdas and Qamar Jalabadi. The playback singers were Mohammed Rafi, Manna Dey, Arun Kumar Ahuja and Amirbai Karnataki.

### Song List

| # | Title | Singer | Lyricist |
| 1 | "Aye Ji Mat Pucho Kuch Baat" | Mohammed Rafi, Manna Dey, Arun Kumar | Pandit Indra |
| 2 | "Dhire Dhire Chale Aao" | | Pandit Indra |
| 3 | "Tu Kyun Yaad Aata Hai Yaad Aane Wale" | | Qamar Jalalabadi |
| 4 | "Naina Ro Ro Ke Rah Gaye" | Amirbai Karnataki | Roopdas |
| 5 | "Tori Unchi Atariya Pe Aaun Kaise" | Zohrabai Ambalewali | Pandit Indra |
| 6 | "Ek Surat Saloni Re Nainon Mein Bas Gayi" | | Roopdas |
| 7 | "Bikhar Gayi Aasha Ki Badri Bikhar Gayi" | Amirbai Karnataki | Roopdas |
# Salle des Traditions de la Garde Républicaine

The Salle des Traditions de la Garde Républicaine (French pronunciation:) is a museum dedicated to the traditions of the Garde Républicaine, the ceremonial unit of the French National Gendarmerie. It is located in the 4th arrondissement at 18, boulevard Henri IV, Paris, France, and open weekdays by appointment; admission is free.
The museum was created in 1984 in a former stable, and presents the traditions of the Garde Républicaine from 1802 to the present day, including its infantry, cavalry, and military bands. Its collections contain about 1,500 items, such as arms, uniforms, equipment, hairstyles, harnessing, musical instruments, models, documents, etc. A special display honors squadron leader Jean Vérines (fr:Jean Vérines), shot by the Germans for his role in the French resistance.
# Kenyatta Jones

Kenyatta Lapoleon Jones (January 18, 1979 – June 9, 2018) was an American professional football offensive tackle. He was selected by the New England Patriots in the fourth round of the 2001 NFL draft. He played college football at South Florida.
Jones was also a member of the Washington Redskins and Tampa Bay Storm.
After starting 11 games for the Patriots in 2002, Jones was placed on the Physically Unable to Perform list at the beginning of the 2003 season. While on the list, Jones was arrested on October 21, 2003 and charged with allegedly throwing hot tea on his cousin, Mark Paul. He was released by the Patriots five days later. While playing for the Tampa Bay Storm of the Arena Football League (AFL) in March 2008, Jones was arrested outside a Tampa, Florida nightclub after attempting to urinate on the dance floor and then shoving the off-duty police officer who threw Jones out of the establishment. Jones was arrested for battery on a law enforcement officer and resisting arrest.
Jones died in Colorado on June 9, 2018, aged 39. His mother said he died from cardiac arrest.
# Félix Ibarrondo

Félix Ibarrondo (born 12 June 1943) is a French composer of Basque origin.

## Life

Ibarrondo was born in Oñati in the Gipuzkoa province of the Basque country in Spain. Coming from a musical family, he learned music theory with his father, Antonino. He then studied music at the San Sebastián and Bilbao conservatories, plus theology and philosophy.
In 1969, he moved to Paris where he studied with Max Deutsch, Henri Dutilleux and Maurice Ohana, the latter having a great influence on his work as a composer. He was also introduced to the electroacoustic music within the Groupe de recherches musicales.
His work spans all vocal and instrumental groupings, from orchestras to small chamber groups.

## Works
### Chamber music

* Et la vie était là… for string quartet (1973)
* Brisas for 9 instruments (1980)
* Phalène for string trio (1983)

### Orchestra

* Vague de fond, for large orchestra (1972)
* Sous l'emprise d'une ombre (1976)
* Izengabekoa (1978)
* Amairuk, for 12 strings and guitar (1979)
* Abyssal for 2 guitars and orchestra (1982)
* Eris for orchestra (1986)
* Irrintz for orchestra (1988)
* Naretzko Aiak, cello concerto (1991)

### Vocal

* Aitaren Extea, for tenor, 2 pianos, violin and percussion (1971)
* Musique pour la messe (1977)
* Trois chœurs Basques a capella
** Odolez (1979)
** Zoro dantzak (1981)
** Argiruntz (1983)
* Cibillak, for soprano, tenor, baritone, 2 clarinets and 3 cellos (1981)
* Oroïpen (1993)
* Ode à Martin for choir, soloist and small orchestra (1996)
* Gacela del adiós for soprano and ensemble (1998)
* Illindik (1999)
* Min dira (2004)
* Urrundik (2005)

## Discography

* Vocal works – Kaoli Isshiki (soprano), Pablo Márquez (guitar), Musicatreize, Chœur Contemporain, Roland Hayrabedian (2006, L'Empreinte digitale ED 13236) OCLC 162296463
* Piano works - Alfonso Gómez (piano) (2010, Sinkro Records)
# Alfonso Cobo

Alfonso Cobo (born 1992, Canary Islands, Spain) is a Spanish businessman. He is best known as the founder of Unfold, which was acquired by Squarespace in 2019.

## Early life

Alfonso was born in the Canary Islands, Spain and spent much of his childhood in Madrid before moving to the United Kingdom at 17.

## Career

As a university student, Cobo studied design and architecture. After working as an architectural designer in London, Cobo received a scholarship to Parsons School of Design and moved to New York. Cobo has a master's degree in strategic design and management from Parsons School of Design and a bachelor's degree in architecture from the University of Brighton.
In 2017, Cobo recognized there was no software or app that could create a portfolio of his work on an iPad. Later that year, he launched his portfolio layout app, the first one to exist for iPad.

### Unfold

Cobo founded Unfold in 2018 and was later joined by Andy McCune as a co-founder. Unfold, a mobile application that allows users to create Instagram Stories posts using a variety of templates and other tools. It was used by such celebrities as Kim Kardashian, Camila Cabello, Olivia Culpo, Selena Gomez, Ashley Tisdale, Selena Gomez, Mariah Carey, the Jonas Brothers, and Miley Cyrus. Unfold has also partnered with Equinox, Tommy Hilfiger, and Product Red.
In 2019, Unfold was acquired by Squarespace. By then, it had 16 million users. In 2023, Unfold had over 60 million downloads, and over 1 billion stories were created using it. Instagram featured Unfold as a recommended app to help users with their Stories ads.
In 2020, Cobo launched Bio Sites with Squarespace, a tool that allows users to share relevant links.
Cobo received a Gaingels award in 2023. He also launched Hypelist, a social mobile application, in 2023.

## Personal life

Cobo currently lives in New York City.
# Journey 2001

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Journey 2001 is the first live DVD by the American rock band Journey, released in 2001. It is also the only live DVD to feature Steve Augeri on lead vocals, who replaced longtime singer Steve Perry in 1998 with the song "Remember Me" on the Armageddon soundtrack. It features footage of a concert recorded in December 2000, in Las Vegas, Nevada. The setlist was primarily old songs from the band's history, as well as two new songs from the then-upcoming album Arrival, which was released later in 2001. Kevin Shirley produced and mixed the audio tracks.

## Track listing

* "Program Start"
* "Intro"
* "Separate Ways (Worlds Apart)"
* "Ask the Lonely"
* "Guitar Solo"
* "Stone in Love"
* "Higher Place"
* "Send Her My Love"
* "Lights"
* "Who's Crying Now"
* "Piano Solo"
* "Open Arms"
* "Fillmore Boogie"
* "All the Way"
* "Escape"
* "La Raza Del Sol (Intro)"
* "La Raza Del Sol"
* "Wheel in the Sky"
* "Be Good to Yourself"
* "Any Way You Want It"
* "Don't Stop Believin'"
* "Lovin', Touchin', Squeezin'"
* "Faithfully"
* "Credits"
# Alfred Atkinson

Alfred Atkinson (6 February 1874 – 21 February 1900) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Alfred was born in Armley in Leeds and was the son of James Harland Atkinson (born ~1830 at Kirkby Malzeard, Yorkshire) and Margaret Mansfield (born ~1833 at Leeds, Yorkshire) who were married in Leeds on 4 June 1855. James Harland Atkinson was a Shoeing Smith in the Royal Artillery.
He was 26 years old, and a sergeant in the 1st Battalion, The Princess of Wales's Own (Yorkshire Regiment), British Army during the Second Boer War when the following deed took place on 18 February 1900 during the Battle of Paardeberg, South Africa for which he was (posthumously) awarded the VC:
   No. 3264 Sergeant A. Atkinson, Yorkshire Regiment.
   During the battle of Paardeburg, 18th February, 1900, Sergeant A. Atkinson, 1st Battalion Yorkshire Regiment, went out seven-times,
   under heavy and close fire, to obtain water for the wounded. At the seventh attempt he was wounded in the head, and died a few days afterwards.
His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Green Howards Museum, Richmond, Yorkshire, England.