OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Varvara Brilliant-Lerman

Varvara Alexandrovna Brilliant-Lerman (5 April 1888 – 17 May 1954) was a Russian plant physiologist who discovered the "Brilliant phenomenon".

## Early life and education

Varvara Alexandrovna Brilliant-Lerman was born on 5 April 1888 in Saint Petersburg into a Jewish family. As a child she learned to speak German, French and English. She attended the St. Petersburg Bestuzhev Advanced Courses for Women, upon her graduation in 1912, she and other high-performing students stayed at the Courses to further their knowledge on plant physiology. In 1915, she passed state examinations that licensed her to teach at the St. Petersburg Bestuzhev Advanced Courses and other private institutions.

## Career

From 1913 to 1926, she worked in several universities in Petrograd, including the laboratory of S. P. Kostychev head of the Department of Plant Physiology at Petrograd University and professor of plant physiology at the Bestuzhev Courses from 1913 to 1920.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 opened up more opportunities for professional careers for women in science. From 1920, Brilliant-Lerman worked in the Botanical Institute of the Academy of Sciences. At the same time, she was employed as a lecturer at the Polytechnic Institute, State Institute of Medical Knowledge, P. F. Lesgaft Institute of Physical Training and the Geographical Institute.
Brilliant-Lerman's research concentrated on the physiological mechanism of photosynthesis. In 1925, she discovered that photosynthesis could be stimulated by the slight dehydration of plants, this discovery was named the "Brilliant phenomenon" after her. As well as that, she also noted the emission of oxygen by plants in the dark.
Brilliant-Lerman received "candidate of sciences" degree (equivalent to a Ph.D.) in 1935 for her work in plant physiology. With her study "Photosynthesis as a vital function of plants" in 1941, she became a Doctor of Sciences. By this time, she was recognised as a specialist in photosynthesis in Soviet Russia and she became one of the leading scientists at the Botanical Institute and she headed the Department of Ecology and Physiology of Plants as well as teaching there from 1945 until her death in 1954.

## Death and legacy

Brilliant-Lerman died on 17 May 1954 in Leningrad, at the age of 66.
With her research, Brilliant-Lerman demonstrated that photosynthesis is a function of a living plant rather than a conventional physico-chemical process. She also researched the effect of acidity of the medium, oxygen in the air and other ecological factors on the intensity of photosynthesis. Her work had a single-minded focus on the examination of the nature and characteristics of the photosynthesis process in plants and what she called "the physiology of photosynthesis" or "the ecology of photosynthesis". Brilliant-Lerman's work also contributed to the establishment of a new field of experimental botany in Russia.
She has an entry in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
# Clemente Tellechea

Clemente Tellechea (born 23 November 1932) is an Argentine alpine skier. He competed in three events at the 1960 Winter Olympics.
# Wave method

In fluid dynamics, the wave method (WM), or wave characteristic method (WCM), is a model describing unsteady flow of fluids in conduits (pipes).

## Details of model

The wave method is based on the physically accurate concept that transient pipe flow occurs as a result of pressure waves generated and propagated from a disturbance in the pipe system (valve closure, pump trip, etc.) This method was developed and first described by Don J. Wood in 1966. A pressure wave, which represents a rapid pressure and associated flow change, travels at sonic velocity for the liquid pipe medium, and the wave is partially transmitted and reflected at all discontinuities in the pipe system (pipe junctions, pumps, open or closed ends, surge tanks, etc.) A pressure wave can also be modified by pipe wall resistance. This description is one that closely represents the actual mechanism of transient pipe flow.

## Advantages

The WM has the very significant advantage that computations need be made only at nodes in the piping system. Other techniques such as the method of characteristics (MOC) require calculations at equally spaced interior points in a pipeline. This requirement can easily increase the number of calculations by a factor of 10 or more. However, virtually identical solutions are obtained by the WM and the MOC.
# DYMB-FM

DYMB (97.5 FM), broadcasting as 97.5 Love Radio, is a radio station owned by MBC Media Group through its licensee Philippine Broadcasting Corporation and operated by RVV Broadcast Ventures. Its studio and transmitter are located at the 5th floor, Kahirup Bldg., Guanco St., Iloilo City. The station broadcasts daily from 4:00 AM to 12:00 MN.
# Chris Latvala

Christopher John Latvala (born December 29, 1981) is an American politician and former Republican member of the Florida House of Representatives. He currently serves as a Pinellas County Commissioner for District 5; previously, he represented the 67th District from 2014 to 2022. The district included Clearwater and Largo in northern Pinellas County.

## History

Latvala was born in Dunedin, Florida, to Jack Latvala, formerly a Florida State Senator from the 20th District. After his parents divorced, he grew up with his mother in Jacksonville.
Latvala attended Valencia Community College, receiving his associates degree in 2002, and the University of Central Florida, receiving his bachelor's degree in history in 2004. Following graduation, he began working as State Representative Ed Hooper's legislative aide, a position that he held from 2006 to 2009. After leaving the legislature as an aide, Latvala began working at his father's company, GCI Printing Services, where he currently works as Vice-President. Latvala was elected in November 2014 to Florida's 67th House District. Additionally, Latvala is a realtor with Smith & Associates based out of Pinellas County.

## Florida House of Representatives

In 2014, incumbent Representative Ed Hooper was unable to seek re-election due to term limits, so Latvala ran to succeed him. He ran against veteran Christopher Shepard in the primary election, and campaigned on the experience that he gained while working for Hooper, noting that it "taught him the value of constituent services--helping individual citizens with their state government problems." Latvala defeated Shepard with 67% of the vote and later defeated the Democratic nominee Steve Sarnoff with 53% of the vote.
Latvala was re-elected in 2016 with 58.6% of the vote, in 2018 with 54.0% of the vote, and in 2020 with 57.0% of the vote.
In 2021, as Chair of the Florida House Education and Employment Committee, Latvala supported legislation which would ban transgender athletes from competing in high school sports. The legislation was opposed by organizations such as Equality Florida, National Collegiate Athletic Association, and the Miami Heat.
# Firth Vickers F.C.

Firth Vickers F.C. was an English football club located in Sheffield, South Yorkshire.

## History

The club played in the Sheffield Amateur League and Sheffield Association League during the 1950s and 1960s before joining the Yorkshire League in 1969. They were relegated from Division Two at the end of their first season, and after finishing second bottom of Division Three in 1971 they returned to the Association League.

## Honours

* Sheffield Association League Division 2
** Promoted: 1963–64

## Records

* Best FA Amateur Cup performance: 1st Qualifying Round 1968–69, 1970–71
# Deer Abbey

Deer Abbey was a Cistercian monastery in Buchan, Scotland. It was founded by 1219 under the patronage William Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Buchan, who is also buried there.

## History

There was an earlier community of Scottish monks or priests, never numbering more than fifteen. The notitiae on the margins of the Book of Deer record grants made to the Scottish religious community in the 12th century and a claim that it was founded by Saint Columba and Saint Drostan.
In 1219 the Earl of Buchan founded the Cistercian abbey of New Deer about two miles westward of the old foundation, granting to the new abbey a portion of the lands of Old Deer, the rest going to the maintenance of a parochial church. William brought Cistercian monks from Kinloss Abbey near Elgin to establish the new monastery. The old religious community was probably absorbed by the new foundation, which was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. Deer Abbey was always a small community, with never more than 15 monks at any one time. The history of the abbey after the 1210s is obscure until the 16th century, when it was beginning to be secularized. The abbey was turned into a secular lordship for Commendator Robert Keith II (becoming Lord Altrie) in 1587.
The church was cruciform in shape, 157 feet (48 m), with a north aisle to the nave. Some fragments of this remain, along with a piscina. Considerable portions of the south range of the cloisters remain, approximately 70 feet (21 m) by 90 feet (27 m).
The Abbey was included in the lands obtained by James Ferguson, Lord Pitfour, and became part of the Pitfour estate in 1766. His son, the third laird, built the 5 metres (16 ft) high enclosing wall in 1809 and used the grounds as an orchard. The four-columned Doric pedimented portico was taken from an earlier mausoleum. He also discovered some of the graves but did not disturb them. The fifth laird had the site cleared and used the stones from the Abbey building to have a mausoleum constructed in which to bury his daughter when she died aged 21 years in 1851. The only other person buried in the mausoleum was Ferguson's mother-in-law.
By the early 1900s, the estate was bankrupt. The property was acquired around 1926 by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Aberdeen, which shortly thereafter gave custody to the Ministry of Works. The house, which was in poor repair, was demolished; much of its stone was said to have been used for the construction of council houses in Aberdeen. The mausoleum was removed in the 1930s and parts of it were used to build an entrance; however this was undertaken without disturbing the graves of Lady Langford and Ferguson's daughter, Eliza. The property is managed by Historic Scotland.

## Burials

* William Comyn, Lord of Badenoch
* Alexander Comyn, Earl of Buchan
* Alexander Comyn (died 1308)

## Antiquities

There is considerable evidence of prehistory in the local area, most notably in the form of the Catto Long Barrow and numerous tumuli slightly to the south.
# Charlie Ward (golfer)

Charles Harold Ward (16 September 1911 – August 2001) was a prominent English golfer of the 1940s, winner of the British Order of Merit in both 1948 and 1949, and twice finishing third in The Open Championship, in 1948 and 1951. He would add his name, at some stage, to the roll of honour of almost every leading event in British professional golf, with the exception of the Open.
Ward was born in Birmingham, England. Like many players his age, Ward's best years were denied to him by World War II, so it was fitting that he should win the first professional event played after VE Day, the Daily Mail Victory Tournament at St Andrews. After his victory he returned late to his posting at an RAF base and as a punishment, was confined to barracks. Ward would win three events in 1948 (one of them in a tie), and gained more recognition for his 1949 season, his three wins that year including the rich Spalding and North British-Harrogate Tournaments and then the British Masters, also played that year at St Andrews.
Further victories followed in 1950 (the Daily Mail Tournament at Walton Heath, which Ward won in a playoff against Bobby Locke and Australian Ossie Pickworth) and 1951 (the Dunlop Tournament and the Lotus Tournament) before Ward's final victory on the British circuit in 1956, the British PGA Championship at Maesdu.
Ward represented Great Britain on three occasions in the Ryder Cup, in 1947, 1949 and 1951, although he only enjoyed one victory in his six matches, losing twice to Sam Snead and once to Ben Hogan.
Ward died after a short illness in August 2001, a month short of his 90th birthday.

## Tournament wins

* 1934 Dunlop-Midland Professional Championship
* 1937 West of England Professional Championship
* 1945 Daily Mail Tournament
* 1947 Daily Telegraph Foursomes Tournament (with Ronnie White)
* 1948 Silver King Tournament (tie with Jimmy Adams), Yorkshire Evening News Tournament, R A Brand Tournament, Daily Telegraph Foursomes Tournament (with Gerald Micklem)
* 1949 Spalding Tournament, North British-Harrogate Tournament, Dunlop Masters
* 1950 Daily Mail Tournament
* 1951 Dunlop Tournament, International Professional Mixed Foursomes, Lotus Tournament
* 1956 PGA Close Championship
* 1965 PGA Seniors Championship

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 |
| The Open Championship | T17 | T28 | T13 | | | | | T30 |
| Tournament | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 |
| The Open Championship | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | T4 | T6 | T3 | T4 |
| Tournament | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 | 1957 | 1958 | 1959 |
| The Open Championship | CUT | 3 | CUT | T17 | CUT | CUT | T17 | CUT | CUT | T35 |
| Tournament | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 |
| The Open Championship | | | CUT | | | CUT |
Note: Ward only played in The Open Championship.
NT = No tournament CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" indicates a tie for a place

## Team appearances

* Ryder Cup (representing Great Britain): 1947, 1949, 1951
* England–Ireland Professional Match (representing England): 1932 (winners)
# Sergei Zimin

Sergei Ivanovich Zimin (Сергей Ива́нович Зими́н) (June 20 (June 8, Old Style), 1875 – July 26, 1942) was an entrepreneur and opera manager from the Russian Empire. In 1903 he founded Zimin Opera company.
He was born in Zuevo, to an Old Believer family, the son of textile mill owner Ivan Nikitich Zimin.
Under his leadership Zimin Opera staged more than 120 operas.
# Alexandra Miller

Alex Miller (born August 20, 1973) is a Republican politician and businesswoman from Florida. She served half of her two-year term in the Florida House of Representatives, representing parts of Sarasota in District 72.

## History

Miller was born in Garden City, New York in 1973. Miller graduated from the University of Rhode Island with a BA in Psychology in 1995. She went on to receive her MBA at Johns Hopkins University's Carey School of Business in 2009. She moved to Florida in 1995. Miller is a Christian.

## Business

Miller is the CEO of Mercedes Medical, a medical and laboratory supply company in Sarasota.

## Florida House of Representatives

Miller defeated Democrat Edward James in the 2016 general election. During her time in office, she sat on the Careers & Competition Subcommittee, Government Accountability Committee, Higher Education Appropriations Subcommittee, Local, Federal & Veterans Affairs Subcommittee, and Tourism & Gaming Control Subcommittee. On August 24, 2017, Miller announced her resignation from the Florida House of Representatives which was effective September 1, 2017. She cited not having enough time to raise her two teenage sons and focus on her rapidly growing business as reasons for her resignation. She is succeeded by Democrat Margaret Good.
# Central North Correctional Centre

The Central North Correctional Centre formerly known as "The Superjail" is a maximum security prison located in Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada. During its period of private management from 2001 to 2006, it was the only privately-run adult correctional facility in Canada.

## History

The Central North Correctional Centre was commissioned in November 2001 to replace the outdated Barrie Jail, Parry Sound Jail, and Guelph Correctional Centre. It opened as the first privately-operated correctional facility for adults in Canada. Management and Training Corporation Canada (MTCC), a subsidiary of the Centerville, Utah-based private prison firm Management and Training Corporation, was contracted by the provincial Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services to operate the facility for a five year pilot project. Following the completion of the five-year term, the contract between the Ontario Government and MTCC was not renewed. The operation of the facility was turned over to the government on November 10, 2006.
# Daniel Messina

Daniel Horacio Messina (born 5 May 1962) is a former Argentine football midfielder. After retiring as a player he coached teams in Argentina and El Salvador.
# Cross-country skiing at the 2015 Winter Universiade – Men's 4 x 7.5 km relay

The men's 4×7.5 km classic competition of the 2015 Winter Universiade was held at the Sporting Centre FIS Štrbské Pleso on January 30.

## Results

| Rank | Bib | Nation | Skiers | Time | Deficit |
| | 2 | Russia | Andrey Feller (22:54.8) Artem Nikolaev (22:38.5) Raul Shakirzianov (18:38.3) Andrey Larkov (18:37.4) | 1:22:49 | |
| | 1 | Kazakhstan | Alexandr Malyshev (23:52.1) Yevgeniy Velichko (22:50.1) Yevgeniy Bondarenko (19:14.8) Mark Starostin (18:45.7) | 1:24:42.7 | +1:53.7 |
| | 4 | Czech Republic | Jacob Kordač (23:39.5) Adam Fellner (24:04.7) Jakub Gräf (18:51.4) Daniel Maka (19;10.4) | 1:25:46 | +2:57 |
| 4 | 10 | France | Alexis Jeannerod (23:34.9) Bertrand Hamoumraoui (23:44.3) Loïc Guigonnet (19:15.4) Lucas Chanavat (19:11.5) | 1:25:46.1 | +2:57 |
| 5 | 3 | Japan | Kentaro Ishikawa (25:32.7) Hiroyuki Miyazawa (22:57.2) Tomoki Satou (19:25.2) Takatsugu Uda (18:21.5) | 1:26:16.6 | +3:27.6 |
| 6 | 7 | Ukraine | Oleksii Krasovskyi (23:41.7) Konstyantyn Yaremenko (23:58.7) Oleg Yoltukhovskyy (20;26) Ruslan Perekhoda (19:35.1) | 1;27:41.5 | +4:52.5 |
| 7 | 6 | Norway | Jørgen Grav (23:44.7) Erik Lippestad Thorstensen (24:20.2) Vegard Antonsen (20:46.1) Petter Reistad (19:28.5) | 1:28:19.5 | +5:30.5 |
| 8 | 15 | Poland | Jan Antolec (24:47.5) Wojciech Suchwałko (26:17.7) Maciej Staręga (19;06.1) Mateusz Ligocki (19;11) | 1:29:22.3 | +6:33.3 |
| 9 | 9 | Germany | Max Olex (25:04) Johannes Pfab (25:34.7) Andreas Weishaupl (19:31.6) Toni Escher (19;14.3) | 1:29:24.6 | +6:35.6 |
| 10 | 8 | Slovakia | Andrej Segeč (24:51.1) Erik Urgela (24:35.4) Rudolf Michalovsky (19:58.8) David Brunn (20;27.7) | 1:29:53 | +7:04 |
| 11 | 11 | Switzerland | Arnaud du Pasquier (25:43.7) Janis Lindegger (24:34.8) Philipp Spieß (20:23.5) Reto Hammer (19:27.1) | 1:30:09.1 | +7:20.1 |
| 12 | 5 | Italy | Gilberto Panisi (25:03) Pietro Mosconi (24:45.8) Dario Giovine (21:07.2) Emmanuele Becchis (21:09.9) | 1:32:05.9 | +9:16.9 |
| 13 | 12 | South Korea | Ha Tae-bok (26:55.7) Lee Jae-bong (26:22.9) Kim Eun-ho (21:14.7) Cho Yong-jin (20:42.4) | 1:35:15.7 | +12:26.7 |
| 14 | 13 | Mongolia | Otgondavaa Gantulga (28:02.1) Batmunkh Achbadrakh (25:52.2) Boldyn Byambadorj (23:06.3) Baasansuren Amarsanaa (24:28.8) | 1:41:29.4 | +18:40.4 |
| 15 | 14 | United States | Nathaniel Hough (27:55.8) Taylor Vignaroli (29:47.3) Patrick Rodgers Benjamin Noren | LAP | |
# 2025 Ballon d'Or

The 2025 Ballon d'Or will be the 69th annual ceremony of the Ballon d'Or. It will be presented by France Football that will recognize the best footballers in the world in the 2024–25 season. It will be the third ceremony during which awards were presented based on the results of the season instead of the calendar year, specifically the period from 1 August 2024 to 31 July 2025.
# Otter light reconnaissance car

The Otter light reconnaissance car, known officially by the British as "Car, Light Reconnaissance, Canadian GM (R.A.C.)", was a light armoured car produced in Canada during the Second World War for British and Commonwealth forces.

## History

The Otter light reconnaissance car (LRC) was developed by General Motors Canada to meet the demand for this type of armoured car. The design followed the layout of the British Humber Mark III LRC.

## Design

The Otter was based on the Chevrolet C15 Canadian Military Pattern truck chassis and used many standard GM components. It took a crew of three – driver and commander seated in the vehicle front, while the gunner occupied the turret position at the rear. A Wireless Set No. 19 was mounted in the rear with A and B set aerials extending from the rear of the fighting compartment on mounting arms.
The primary armament consisted of a hull-mounted Boys anti-tank rifle and a Bren light machine gun in a small open-topped turret. A smoke discharger is mounted alongside the mounting for the Boy's anti-tank rifle.
Although it used a more powerful engine than the Humber, it was larger and heavier (by a ton); overall performance was less than that of the Humber but still acceptable.

## Production

Between 1942 and 1945, 1761 units were produced in Oshawa, Ontario, though fewer than 1,000 were delivered overseas.

## Usage

The Otter served with Canadian units in the Italian campaign and Northwest European operations. It was also employed by the South African Army and the British RAF Regiment. Some RAF regiment vehicles used aircraft armament such as 20mm cannon and 0.303 Browning machine guns. After the war, the Otter was used by the Jordanian Army during the First Arab-Israeli War and Dutch Army during the Indonesian Revolution. The Syrian Army also operated the type after the war, with turretless Otter armed with 7.5 mm FM 24/29 light machine gun in pintle mounts or with 37 mm Puteaux SA 18 in a turret taken from other British-built armoured car.

## Variants

* Car, Light Reconnaissance, Canadian, G.M. Mark 1(R.A.C.) with a turret.
* Car, Light Reconnaissance, Canadian, G.M. Mark 2 (R.A.C.) without a turret.

## Surviving vehicles

* The Karl Smith Collection in Tooele, Utah.
* The RAF Regiment Museum, Honington.
* Hellenic Historical Vehicles Preservation Club, Greece,
* Fort Nieuw Amsterdam Open Air Museum, Surinam.

## Gallery

* Otter armoured car captured by the Haganah from the Arab Liberation Army in 1948.
* GMC Otter light reconnaissance car, Bridgehead 2011
* Otter at the Amersfoort Cavalry Museum
* RAF Regiment Otter at Prkos Airfield
* Otter MK1 at Katakolo beach, Greece. This image was taken at the place where Otters landed at on 24 September 1944. The vehicle itself is part of the Hellenic Historical Vehicles Preservation Club collection in Greece. (www.sdio.gr)
# Darío Siviski

Darío Andrés Siviski (born 20 December 1962 in Avellaneda) is a former Argentine football midfielder who played for a number of clubs in Argentina, Mexico, Switzerland and Japan. He represented Argentina at the 1988 Olympic games and played for the full Argentina national team at Copa América 1987. Siviski started his playing career in 1981 with Temperley he spent some time in Mexico with Toluca before returning to Temperley in 1985. In 1986 Siviski joined San Lorenzo de Almagro where he played 126 games, scoring 21 goals. In 1990, he joined Servette of Switzerland. He has also played for Independiente and Estudiantes de La Plata in the Argentine Primera and Avispa Fukuoka in the J-League under manager Hugo Maradona.
Towards the end of his playing career he played for Grupo Universitario de Tandil before returning to his first club Club Atlético Temperley in 1997.
He represented Argentina at the 1988 Olympic games and played for the senior Argentina national team on six occasions including games at Copa América 1987.
After retiring as a footballer he has worked in various roles including football agent, coach and sporting director.