OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hao Pei-chih

Hao Pei-chih (Chinese: 郝培芝; born 6 October 1968) is a Taiwanese political scientist, politician, and diplomat.

## Education and academic career

Hao graduated from Taipei Municipal First Girls' Senior High School and National Taiwan University, then earned her master's and doctoral degrees from Pantheon-Sorbonne University. Upon returning to Taiwan, Hao held a professorship at National Taipei University, and from 2007 to 2009 was an adviser to the Mainland Affairs Council. In an academic capacity, Hao has discussed efforts to contain China made by the United States, China's changing views of Taiwan's political status, the effects of colonialism, and the administrative oversight functions of the Legislative Yuan. The Taipei Times has published Hao's views on China's Anti-Secession Law of 2005, and on Taiwan–European Union relations.

## Public service career

Hao was appointed vice chair of the Civil Service Protection and Training Commission in 2016. By 2020, she had been elevated to head the commission. As commission leader, Hao added English-language proficiency training for Taiwanese public servants. She concurrently led the Examination Yuan's National Academy of Civil Service. In September 2024, Hao succeeded Wu Chih-chung as Taiwanese Representative to France, and became the first woman to serve in that role. The following month, Hao commented on Tsai Ing-wen's visit to the French Senate, the first such visit by a former Taiwanese president since 1996.

## Personal life

Hao is married to Hsu Yu-wei.
# Tony Hedin

Tony Hedin (born 11 April 1969) is a Swedish handball coach and retired player. He won a bronze medal at the 1993 World Championships, playing alongside his elder brother Robert.
# India–Pakistan border skirmishes

India–Pakistan border skirmishes or India–Pakistan standoff may refer to these military conflicts on the India–Pakistan border, specifically the Line of Control in Kashmir:
* 2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff
* 2008 India–Pakistan standoff
* 2011 India–Pakistan border skirmish
* 2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes
* 2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes
* 2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes
* 2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes
* 2020–21 India–Pakistan border skirmishes
* 2023 India-Pakistan border skirmishes
# Brito (footballer, born 1939)

Hércules de Brito Ruas, (born 9 August 1939 in Rio de Janeiro), known as Brito, is a former Brazilian footballer. He played as a central defender for several clubs, and for the Brazil national team.

## Club career

In 1975, he played abroad in the National Soccer League with Montreal Castors.

## International career

Brito has 45 caps with the Brazil national team between 1964 and 1972.
He won the 1970 FIFA World Cup with the Brazil national team. He also played the 1966 FIFA World Cup (one game against Portugal).

## Honours
### Club

Vasco
* Rio de Janeiro State championship: 1956
* Rio-São Paulo: 1966
* Taça Guanabara: 1965

### International

Brazil
* FIFA World Cup: 1970
* Roca Cup: 1971
* Brazil Independence Cup: 1972

### Individual

* Placar's Bola de Prata (Silver Ball): 1970
# Saint Augustine in His Study

Saint Augustine in His Study may refer to:
* Saint Augustine in His Study (Botticelli, Uffizi)
* Saint Augustine in His Study (Botticelli, Ognissanti)
* Saint Augustine in His Study (Carpaccio)
# Weightmans

Weightmans is a top 40 UK law firm with nine offices, employing more than 1,400 people, including more than 225 partners.
The firm offers a range of legal services to public organisations, private companies and individuals. In the financial year ending April 2023, its turnover was £125.9 million.

## History

Weightmans can trace its roots back to 1827 when the firm Rutherfords was established in Liverpool. The firm Field and Weightman was established in 1875. In 1887 the firm Weightman Peddar and Weightman was established, becoming known as Weightmans Peddar in 1913 before changing its name to Weightmans in 1970. In 1988 Weightmans and Rutherfords merged to create Weightman Rutherfords and remained known by this name until 1996 when the firm changed its name back to Weightmans and opened a Birmingham office.
In 2002, Weightmans merged with a team from the firm Vizard Oldham and became known as Weightman Vizards – with offices in Birmingham, Leicester, Liverpool, London and Manchester. In 2004, the firm again changed its name back to Weightmans before acquiring LLP status in 2007. In 2011 the firm acquired offices in Dartford (through the acquisition of the Insurance practice of Vizards Wyeth) and Knutsford (through a merger with Mace & Jones).
In 2013, Weightmans further expanded its national reach through the acquisition of the Manchester team of Semple Fraser and opened a Glasgow office.
In July 2015, Weightmans merged with Ford & Warren solicitors, acquiring a Leeds office.
In October 2019, Weightmans acquired the practice of Newcastle-headquartered firm, Watson Burton, adding a Newcastle office.
In June 2022, Weightmans and RadcliffesLeBrasseur completed a merger. Through the merger, Weightmans acquired an office in Cardiff.
In September 2023, Weightmans acquired Pierre Thomas Law, a specialist provider of legal advice on international insurance claims.

## Clients

The firm's clients include insurance companies, healthcare practitioners and organisations, local government bodies, UK PLCs, multinational companies, education establishments, private individuals, SMEs and owner managed businesses.

## Offices

Weightmans is headquartered in Liverpool's commercial district and has offices in eight other cities throughout the United Kingdom: Birmingham, Cardiff, Glasgow, Leeds, Leicester, London, Manchester and Newcastle.
# Cho Bong-am

Cho Bong-am (Korean: 조봉암; Hanja: 曺奉岩, 25 September 1898 – 31 July 1959) was a South Korean independence activist and politician, who ran for president in the South Korean presidential election in 1956. He was a founding member of the Communist Party of Korea (조선공산당; 朝鮮共産黨) and the Progressive Party (진보당; 進步黨), a moderate socialist democratic party in South Korea which was one of the country's major political forces.
In 1919, Cho Bong-am participated in March 1st Movement and was imprisoned for the duration of one year. Cho Bong-am studied in Japan and the Soviet Union. In the 1920s, he was active in the Korean Communist Party. After Japanese rule, Cho left the Communist Party in 1946, criticising it for its subservience to the Soviet Union. After the end of the United States Army Military Government in Korea in 1947, Cho became the Minister of Agriculture under Syngman Rhee's presidency.
In 1952, Cho ran for the presidency for the first time against sitting president Rhee, and Yi Si-yeong. He received only 0.8 million votes out of 5.2 million.
The left-liberal Progressive Party was founded in the aftermath of the Korean War under Cho's leadership. Cho and his followers were able to build a wide coalition with the country's leftist forces. Cho also successfully created coalitions with right-wing forces opposed to Syngman Rhee's dictatorship. The party's founding and moderate success in Korea's hostile political environment is considered a large result of Bong-am's personal charisma. The Progressive Party advocated peaceful unification with North Korea, through strengthening the country's democratic forces and winning in a unified Korean election. Cho called for both anti-communist and anti-authoritarian politics, as well as advocating for social welfare policies for the peasants and urban poor.
In the 1956 election, Cho ran against Rhee, the anti-communist strongman president. Cho lost with 30% of the vote, which exceeded expectations. Following the election, the Progressive Party broke apart due to factionalism.
Three years after the election, Cho was charged with espionage and receiving funds from North Korea. His first trial resulted in an acquittal but he was convicted in a second trial and was executed on 31 July 1959. His death sentence was posthumously overturned in 2011 by the South Korean Supreme Court.
# Torbjörn Thoresson

Nils Torbjörn Thoresson (born December 29, 1959) is a Swedish sprint canoer who competed from the early to mid-1980s. He won a silver medal in the K-4 10000 m event at the 1985 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Mechelen.
Thoresson also finished ninth in the K-4 1000 m event at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.
Thoresson went on spending his professional career as a Fire Fighter and retired 2019. Not to settle down in retirement but to continue working as a PE-teacher. He lives a quiet family life and still enjoys canoeing.
# Eric Boulter

Eric Boulter (born 15 October 1952) is an Australian swimmer, athlete, and wheelchair basketball player who won two medals at the 1972 Heidelberg Paralympics.

## Personal

Boulter was born in Melbourne on 15 October 1952. While on a cycling holiday on the Gold Coast in 1969, he had a fall at the Nerang Velodrome which left him paraplegic. Outside of sport, Boulter worked for a speedboat charter business until 1984 before serving his local city council for 22 years. He moved to Rockhampton in 2012.

## Competitive career

Boulter temporarily checked out of hospital to represent Queensland in his first National Disabled Championships in 1970. He then returned to the Gold Coast and searched for a coach. He found Dave Tomlinson, who worked with him for the rest of his career. He was the captain of the Australian swimming team at the 1972 Heidelberg Paralympics, where he won a gold medal in the Men's 25 m Backstroke 2 event, in which he broke a world record, and a silver medal in the Men's 3x25 m Medley 2 event; he also came fifth in the Men's 25 m Freestyle 2 – event. He was also the captain of the Australian swimming team at the 1974 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games in Dunedin, New Zealand, where he won two gold medals in the Men's 25 m Backstroke and Men's 4x50 m Medley Relay events, and two silver medals in the Men's 25 m Freestyle and Men's 3x25 m Individual Medley events; he broke a Commonwealth record in the backstroke. At the 1977 FESPIC Games in Sydney, he won a gold medal in the Men's 25 m Backstroke event and two silver medals in the Men's 25 m Freestyle and Men's Pentathlon events. He also played wheelchair basketball, representing Queensland in national championships from 1976 until his retirement from sport in 1984.

## Recognition

Boulter was inducted into the Gold Coast Sporting Hall of Fame in 1999.
# Cabrita (footballer)

Jorge Soares Marins (born 20 January 1939), better known as Cabrita, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

Revealed at Goytacaz, Cabrita was brought to Vasco da Gama to replace Vavá, who was traded to Atlético Madrid in 1959. He made history by scoring the last goal at the Maracanã Stadium with Rio de Janeiro as a federal district, on 19 April 1960.
# Arne Hellberg

Arne Hellberg (13 March 1920 – 1977) was a Swedish discus thrower. He won the national title in 1945 and placed fifth at the 1950 European Championships.
# August Sonderegger

August Sonderegger (born 6 August 1911, date of death unknown) was a Swiss cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 18 kilometre event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.
# Smith Termite

The Smith Special also known as "Smitty's Termite" or simply the Smith Termite is a single place homebuilt aircraft built primarily out of wood.

## Design and development

Wilbur L. Smith, was an experienced wooden construction aircraft homebuilder, having built a Pietenpol Sky Scout in 1930. He designed the Termite using chalk on a basement floor. Don Cookman later drew up the plans.
The aircraft is a braced parasol wing monoplane with all-wood construction. The exception being the motor mount, struts and landing gear are made out of steel. It was designed to use an engine from an Aeronca aircraft. Spruce was used as the structural material with birch plywood covering. The spars are from an Aeronca K. The controls are modified from a Piper Cub. The aircraft does not have brakes or a tailwheel.

## Operational history

A Continental A-40 was installed after an engine failure resulted in a forced landing, flipping the aircraft on its back during testing.

## Aircraft on display

The Smith Special "Termite" is displayed at the Oregon Air & Space Museum in Eugene, Oregon. The fabric covering has been removed to show the all wood construction.

## Specifications (Smith Special "Termite")

Data from Sport Aviation
General characteristics
* Capacity: 1
* Length: 16 ft 5 in (5.00 m)
* Wingspan: 23 ft (7.0 m)
* Airfoil: Clark Y
* Empty weight: 394 lb (179 kg)
* Gross weight: 628 lb (285 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Aeronca E113-C , 36 hp (27 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 81 kn (93 mph, 150 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 70 kn (80 mph, 130 km/h)
* Stall speed: 28 kn (32 mph, 51 km/h)
* Range: 170 nmi (200 mi, 320 km)
* Service ceiling: 8,000 ft (2,400 m)
* Rate of climb: 450 ft/min (2.3 m/s)
# The Lonely Man of Faith

The Lonely Man of Faith is a philosophical essay written by Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik, first published in the summer 1965 issue of Tradition, and later as a book by Doubleday in 1992.
In The Lonely Man of Faith Soloveitchik reads the first two chapters of Book of Genesis as offering two images of Adam which are, in many ways, at odds with one another. The first Adam, or "majestic man," employs his creative faculties in order to master his environment as mandated by God; the second image of Adam is a distinctly different contractual man who surrenders himself to the will of God. Soloveitchik describes how the man of faith must integrate both of these ideas as he seeks to follow God's will.
In the first chapter, Adam I is created together with Eve and they are given the mandate to subdue nature, master the cosmos, and transform the world "into a domain for their power and sovereignty." Adam I is majestic man who approaches the world and relationships—even with the divine—in functional, pragmatic terms. Adam I, created in the image of God, fulfills this apparently "secular" mandate by conquering the universe, imposing his knowledge, technology, and cultural institutions upon the world. The human capacity for relationship, as depicted in Genesis 1, is utilitarian, following both God's mandate and our own worldly need to develop the world for ourselves and our continuing existence.
Soloveitchik identifies the second image of Adam in chapter two of Genesis. Whereas Adam I was mandated to subdue the garden, Adam II is the contractual man," the keeper of the garden who tills and preserves it. This image is introduced by the words, "It is not good for man to be alone" - and through God's intervention and Adam's sacrifice (of a metaphoric rib) he gains companionship and the relief of his existential loneliness - unlike Adam I, this covenantal community requires the participation of the Divine. In the second chapter of God's creation, it is not enough for man to simply be created in his image and given a fiefdom. Adam II is "the lonely man of faith," the "redemptive Adam," bringing a "redemptive interpretation to the meaning of existence".
Soloveitchik does not declare one image of Adam to be the right one, but rather identifies the struggle we must undergo as human beings in this existence, given by God, that is both spiritual and material, mystical and scientific, redemptive yet empowered.
# Horsh Beirut

Horsh Beirut (Arabic: حرش بيروت) is an urban park in the heart of the capital of Lebanon, Beirut. The urban park is also known as Horsh El Snaubar (Arabic: حرش الصنوبر or French: Bois de Pins). The park covers about 0.3 square kilometres (0.12 sq mi) of green space within municipal Beirut.

## History

In the 13th century, William of Tyre (or Latin: Willelmus Tyrensis), the medieval prelate, chronicler and the archbishop of Tyre, named the forest of Beirut, as "La Pinée" or "Sapinoie".
The park, Horsh, has suffered throughout history from frequent abuse of its timber especially by the armies of the Crusaders, Mamluks, Ottomans, and the Allies of World War II to build ships and weapons. Large parts of the pine forest were segmented-out to become an Ottoman Casino in 1917 (which became the Pine Residence later during the French Mandate of Lebanon), a horse racecourse in 1921, Al-Shohadaa Cemetery in 1958, and Rawdat al-Shaheedein Cemetery in the 1970s. Moreover, the development of new roads during the 1950s state planning produced some leftovers of the remaining woodland that became subject to conflict and appropriation.
Horsh was bombed to burn by Israeli jet fighters during the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon. Much of it was also turned into a Palestinian refugee camp. From a pine forest over 1,250,000 m$^2$ in 1696 it decreased to a park over 800,000 m$^2$ in 1967 (≈ 5% of Municipal Beirut),
Today, Horsh Beirut is a 0.3-square-kilometre (0.12 sq mi) triangular park at the southern border of the city limited by Omar Beyhum Street, 22 November Avenue, Abdelnasser Avenue and National Museum of Beirut (Musée national de Beyrouth).
The park, or Horsh Beirut, has been reconstructed after the end of the Lebanese Civil War and it has been closed for the general public for about 25 years. Lebanese citizens had to apply for a permission and only have chances to get one if they are older than 35 years. At the same time there have been reports of Western foreigners getting permission while applications by Lebanese were rejected. Beirut residents have repeatedly protested against the denial of access to the park including the unequal access policies for Western and non-Western park visitors. However, it ended up being reopened to the public by the governor of Beirut, Ziad Chebib, on September 3, 2015.

## Image gallery

* Information sign at the park gate from Badaro area
* Center of the park
* Center of the park
* Center of the park
* Center of the park
* Center of the park
* New sorting bin in the center of the park
# Tore Lindzén

Tore Albert Lindzén (27 February 1914 – 23 January 2003) was a Swedish water polo player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Lindzén, born in Stockholm, was part of the Swedish team which finished seventh in the Water polo at the 1936 Summer Olympics, playing in three matches. He died in Kista on 23 January 2003.
At club level, Lindzén represented Stockholms KK.
# Tony Flay

Anthony Flay (born 15 January 1964) is a New Zealand born rugby union player who played hooker for the U.S. national rugby team from 1990-1991.
Flay was born in Rotorua, New Zealand. During his youth in New Zealand, he played for the Bay of Plenty R.F.C. and for the All Blacks U-19 team.
In 1983, Flay emigrated to the United States. He lived in Seattle and played for the Old Puget Sound Beach RFC. Flay earned seven starts at hooker for the U.S. national rugby team from 1990–1991, including two starts at the 1991 Rugby World Cup. Flay made his debut for the U.S. national team on 23 September 1990 against Japan in Tokyo, scoring a try in his debut.
Since 2004, Flay has held several coaching and leadership positions in rugby in New Zealand and in the United States. Since 2016, Flay has been a skills coach for Crusaders International Academy.
# Carlos Gallo

Carlos Roberto Rocha Gallo (born 4 March 1956), known as Carlos, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics and won a gold medal in football at the 1975 Pan American Games.

## Club career

In a club career which spanned from 1974 to 1993, Carlos Gallo played for Ponte Preta, Corinthians, Atlético Mineiro, Guarani, Palmeiras, Portuguesa and Malatyaspor (1988–1989) in Turkey. He won two Brazilian Silver Ball Awards.

## International career

At international level, Carlos Gallo played 44 matches for the Brazil national team, between 1976 and June 1993, and was selected for the 1978, 1982 and 1986 FIFA World Cup tournaments, playing in the latter edition of the competition. He conceded only one goal in the five World Cup games Brazil played in 1986.

## Honours

Corinthans
* Campeonato Paulista: 1988
Brazil
* Pan American Games: 1975
* CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament: 1976
# Reil, Germany

Reil is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Reil is strongly characterized by winegrowing and tourism. It was the second capital of the Kröver Reich, a Carolingian crown estate that existed until the French Revolution.

## Geography

The municipality lies on the Moselle. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Traben-Trarbach.

## History

In 1008, Reil had its first documentary mention. The document in question, from King Heinrich II, is dated 18 May 1008 and documents an exchange agreement under which Archbishop Willigis of Mainz traded to Saint Stephen's Church at Mainz an estate in Reil (then known as Rigula) for another estate in Büchenbach (then known as Buochinbah). During the Middle Ages, an important pilgrimage centre, called Reilkirch, stood across the Moselle from Reil, whose Romanesque tower and Early Gothic nave were completely demolished in the 19th century.
Since Reil was also known in the Middle Ages as Rile or Ryle, it is often claimed that Cologne Cathedral’s first master builder, Gerhard von Rile, came from the village. A noble family from which “Meister Gerhard” could have come, however, is first named in documents only in 1285, roughly fourteen years after Gerhard's death. Its last representative, David von Reil, died penniless in 1610.
Beginning in 1794, Reil lay under French rule. In 1814 it was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna. Since 1947, it has been part of the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

## Politics
### Municipal council

The municipal council is made up of 16 council members, who were elected by proportional representation at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results:
| Year | SPD | CDU | Total |
| 2009 | 9 | 7 | 16 seats |
| 2004 | 9 | 7 | 16 seats |

### Town partnerships

Reil fosters partnerships with the following places:
* Zedelgem, West Flanders, Belgium since 2007

## Culture and sightseeing

The sport club TuS Reil, with some 550 members, is the biggest club in Reil.

## Economy and infrastructure

In the 19th and 20th centuries, Reil, with more than 200 ha of vineyards under cultivation, was one of the biggest winegrowing centres on the Moselle. The vineyards of Goldlay, Falklay, Moullay-Hofberg and Sorentberg belong to the winemaking appellation – Großlage – of Vom Heißen Stein (“From The Hot Stone”) and to the Mosel wine region's Bernkastel area. In years since, the cultivated area has shrunk by almost half to 120 ha. Tourism, especially “enotourism” – wine harvest holidaymaking – is playing an ever more important rôle.
In Reil are one kindergarten and one primary school. Running by on the other side of the Moselle is Bundesstraße 53. In the village itself is a station on the Pünderich–Traben-Trarbach railway, which came into service in 1883.
# Arne Jutner

Ernst Arne Jutner (6 October 1920 – 8 November 2009) was a Swedish water polo player. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Summer Olympics.
At club level, Jutner represented SoIK Hellas and Stockholmspolisens IF.
# Beat Studer

Beat Studer (born 25 November 1968) is a retired Swiss football defender.