OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Draupadi Ka Danda

Draupadi Ka Danda (English: Draupadi's Hill) are two peaks in the Gangotri range of Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand, India. The Dokriani glacier emerges from the northern slope of the mountain.
The heights of the peaks are uncertain. In various literature, elevation has been reported as 5,670 metres, 5716m or sometimes above 6000m.
On the morning of 4 October 2022, a team of 41 climbers from Nehru Institute of Mountaineering attempting Draupadi Ka Danda II were hit by an avalanche a few hundred meters below the summit. The team comprised 34 advance mountaineering course trainees and seven instructors. The bodies of 27 climbers were recovered during rescue operations, but two mountaineers could not be found.

## Etymology

The name Draupadi Ka Danda is derived from the combination of two words, Draupadi (A character of Mahabharata Epic) and danda meaning "peak".

## Legends

According to folklore, the Pandavas and their wife Draupadi, the central figures of the Hindu epic, Mahabharata had traversed through the area, also known as Devbhumi, (God's own land) on their way to heaven. Just before being carried into the higher regions, Draupadi had planted her staff (similar to modern-day hiking sticks) into the ground. The mountain is believed to exist where the staff once stood.
# Politics (essay)

"Politics" is an essay written by Ralph Waldo Emerson. It is part of his Essays: Second Series, published in 1844. A premier philosopher, poet and leader of American transcendentalism, he used this essay to belie his feelings on government, specifically American government. His impact on New England thought and his views on pragmatism influenced the likes of Henry David Thoreau, Orestes Brownson, and Frederich Nietzsche, among others.

## Summary

Although not viewed as his most important essay in the second series, Emerson’s views on politics championed democracy and individualism, two ideas that are viewed today as undoubtedly American. By 1844, Emerson, then 41, had moved into a pragmatic balance of skepticism and idealism, happily providing him with “a way to dream as well as a way to live”. A quintessential American voice, Emerson believed that civilization was only beginning and could reach unfathomable places through moral force and creative intelligence. This alone is not a reason to blindly follow the footsteps before us. Remember, he says, “The law is only a memorandum.” This gives rise to the most popular quote in this essay: “The less government we have the better.”
Emerson believed that an ideal government, aside from a nonexistent one dissolved when improvements in human character through love and wisdom could abolish the state, was one that advocated for the growth of the individual, and be able to protect one’s individual rights. The individual would only be ready for democracy when they had become completely independent and self-reliant. Then the abolishment of government could be achieved. The intelligence needed from each individual would triumph over business interests and politics, because the mind is the richest asset you can have.
Emerson also questioned property rights in Politics, noting that they are built not on democracy, but instead on owning. Believing that “property will always follow persons," Emerson believed personal rights were much more important than property rights.

## The State

Emerson’s overwhelming faith in the individual is completely opposite to his views on nations: “Every actual state is corrupt.” Political parties are “made out of necessity” of the time period and not out of any underlying theory. Emerson is very critical of both major parties in his essay. “From neither party, when in power, has the world any benefit to expect in science, art or humanity, at all commensurate with the resources of the nation.” Neither party is satisfactory for Emerson, and his essay he hints at the natural inequality this system adheres to, and its effects. Party politics are not the only organization Emerson has his eye on in his essay, however. Emerson also distrusts the pulpit and the press because they are conventional roles that require organizational persuasion.
# Uno Berg

Uno Berg (20 February 1909 – 29 June 2001) was a Swedish sports shooter. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Xavier High School (Appleton, Wisconsin)

Xavier High School is a private Catholic secondary school in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States, in the Diocese of Green Bay. It was opened in 1959 by the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools (Christian Brothers) and the Franciscan Sisters of Christian Charity (Manitowoc Franciscans). The school was named in honor of St. Francis Xavier, the patron saint of the Green Bay Diocese.

## 2024 firings

In November of 2024, Xavier principal Mike Mauthe was fired in the wake of a complaint to the Diocese Office of Safe Environment about a failure to comply with the Diocese of Green Bay’s “Our Promise to Protect” policy. (A report was filed with the Appleton Police Department, as required by the state's mandatory reporting laws.) As a result of the investigation into Mauthe, John Ravizza, superintendent of the Diocese' St. Francis Xavier Catholic School System of which the high school is a part, was terminated "because of a failure to meet reporting requirements".

## Notable alumni

* Rocky Bleier (1964) - former NFL running back
* J. P. Hayes (1983) - PGA Tour professional golfer
* Mike Heideman (1966) - college basketball head coach
* Kristine Jarinovska (1997) - Secretary of State, Latvia
* Mee Moua (1988) - Minnesota state senator, first Hmong-American politician
* Greta Van Susteren (1972) - TV journalist
# Chuck Weaver

Chuck Weaver is a former Republican member of the Illinois Senate for the 37th Senate District. He was appointed in October 2015. The district he represented included all or parts of Mercer, Lee, Bureau, Henry, Knox, Stark, Peoria, Woodford and Marshall counties in Central Illinois.
Weaver graduated from Dunlap High School and received his bachelor's degree from nearby Bradley University and J.D. from DePaul University College of Law.
Weaver became president, of Weaver Enterprises, operator of 30 Kentucky Fried Chicken franchises.
Weaver has been on the board of the Peoria County Youth Farm, and was chairman of the City of Peoria Zoning Board of Appeals. As of 2011 he was co-owner of Peoria Builders. He was elected to an at-large city council seat in the 2011 Peoria City Council election and retained it in the 2015 election.
Weaver was chosen by a Republican committee, and sworn in, as a State Senator for the 37th Senate District in October 2015, joining the 99th Illinois General Assembly in mid-session. He ran unopposed in 2016, winning a four-year term. On January 9, 2020, it was announced that Weaver would withdraw from his reelection bid and retire from the Illinois Senate. He was replaced on the ballot by Republican businessman Win Stoller who would go on to win the election.
As of 2022, he is the chairman of the Peoria County Republican Party.

## Committees

* Education (Minority Spokesperson)
* Higher Education
* Insurance
* Labor
* Licensed Activities
* Transportation

## Personal life

In the 2022 Illinois House of Representatives election, his son Travis Weaver was elected unopposed in the 93rd district.
# Bela Istvan Horvath

Bela Istvan Horvath (born 31 January 1937) is a Swiss boxer. He competed in the men's light heavyweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. At the 1964 Summer Olympics, he lost to Rafael Gargiulo of Argentina.
# Pudiyangadi, Tirur

Pudiyangadi (also known as Bettath Pudiyangadi or BP Angadi) is a town near Tirur in Kerala, India. This town was the part of the Kingdom of Tanur (Vettattnad) in medieval times.

## Transportation

Pudiyangadi village connects to other parts of India through Tirur, Kuttippuram town. National highway No.66 passes through Tirur and the northern stretch connects to Goa and Mumbai. The southern stretch connects to Cochin and Trivandrum. Highway No.966 goes to Palakkad and Coimbatore. The nearest airport is at Kozhikode. The nearest major railway station is at Tirur.
# Angela Bloomfield

Angela Bloomfield (born 11 December 1972) is a New Zealand actress and director.

## Early life

Bloomfield attended Massey High School in West Auckland, New Zealand.

## Career

Bloomfield has starred in Shortland Street continuously on and off for 24 years, transforming Rachel McKenna from the school girl daughter of clinic boss into a university student, a Shortland Street clinic employee and CEO of Shortland Street Hospital.
Bloomfield has also performed in a number of feature films including Bonjour Timothy and The Frighteners. She has also appeared in smaller TV shows such as The Adventures of the Black Stallion, Betty's Bunch, Ride with the Devil and Power Rangers Ninja Storm in small roles. Acting took a back seat for three years when she became a mother of two but she kept her hand in directing for Shortland Street. Bloomfield has also been a contestant on the N.Z show, Dancing with the Stars and was voted as having New Zealand's best breasts for the Fayreform National Breast Pride Week in 2006. Bloomfield returned to Shortland Street as Rachel in October 2009 as a series regular and then left Shortland Street once again in 2016. In August 2021, it was announced that she would feature in the 2021 Season of Celebrity Treasure Island 2021.

## Personal life

Bloomfield is separated from husband Chris Houston and has two children. She currently works in the real estate industry on the North Shore.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1996 | The Frighteners | Debra Bannister | |
| 1996 | Bonjour Timothy | Vikki | |
| 2002 | Nova | Girlfriend | Short |
| 2013 | Linda's List | | Short |
| 2016 | Presentiment | Kaitlyn Steinberg | Short, completed |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1993–99, 2001–03, 2007, 2009–16 | Shortland Street | Rachel McKenna | Regular role |
| 2003 | Power Rangers Ninja Storm | Leanne | "Double-Edged Blake" |
| 2007 | Ride with the Devil | Shona Pierce | Main role |
| 2021 | Celebrity Treasure Island | Self | Competition |
| 2024 | The Brokenwood Mysteries | Laura Lyman | 1 episode |

## Other work

| Year | Title | Notes |
| 2000 | Jackson's Wharf | Director, 1 episode |
| 2009 | Go Girls | Director, 4 episodes |
| 2010-13, 17 | Shortland Street | Director, 86 episodes |
| 2013 | Linda's List | Co-director & co-writer, short |
# Microdecemplex

Microdecemplex rolfei is the only known species of the extinct, small-bodied millipede order Microdecemplicida. This order is originally considered as a member of the extinct subclass Arthropleuridea, but study in 2024 suggested to reject from the group, instead belongs to subclass Chilognatha. Fossils, measuring less than 5 mm in length, are known from the Panther Mountain Formation of New York State, dating to the Middle Devonian. This species apparently lacks antennae and shows sexual dimorphism in its hind legs, which may be similar in function to the telopods of male living pill-millipedes that are used to grasp females during mating.
# Wilhelm Petersén (ice hockey)

Wilhelm Knut "Mulle" Petersén (2 October 1906 – 11 December 1988) was a Swedish ice hockey and bandy player. He competed in the 1928 and 1936 Winter Olympics and finished in second and fifth place, respectively. Between 1928 and 1936 he played 20 international matches and won a European title in 1932.
Petersén was one three people who competed internationally in association football, bandy and ice hockey, and won Swedish titles in all these sports. As an ice hockey player, he won national titles with AIK in 1934 and 1935, and was the best Swedish scorer in 1928, 1932, 1933 and 1937. In association football, he was a 1932 Swedish champion with AIK and twice played internationally in 1930. In bandy, Petersén won a Swedish title in 1931 and twice played internationally in 1931–32.
After retiring from competitions, Petersén ran his Mulle Coffee-Roastery in Duvbo, Stockholm.
# Heliconius atthis

Heliconius atthis, the false zebra longwing or Atthis longwing, is a species of Heliconius butterfly. It is endemic to western Ecuador and the Tumbes National Reserve in Northern Peru.
Is a mimic of the zebra longwing (Heliconius charithonia).
# Maring-Noviand

Maring-Noviand is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## Geography
### Location

The municipality lies surrounded by vineyards, meadows and forests in the natural and cultivated landscape of the Moselle valley in the Trier region. Maring-Noviand is found in an old river valley now no longer followed by the Moselle, but which formed at a time when the river had not yet settled on the bed over which it flows today (which is 2 km from the village centre). The nearest middle centres are the double town of Bernkastel-Kues and the district seat, Wittlich. The university city of Trier lies roughly 33 km away as the crow flies.
Maring-Noviand belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Bernkastel-Kues, whose seat is in the like-named town.

### Climate

Maring-Noviand lies in a transitional zone between temperate oceanic climate and continental climate; compared to other regions in Germany, a very mild climate prevails here. In nearby Brauneberg on 11 August 1998, a record temperature of 41.2 °C in the shade, the highest ever air temperature recorded in the Federal Republic, was confirmed. High humidity due to ongoing evaporation of water from the Moselle makes at times for heavy and muggy weather, especially in summer, and also brings many storms along with it.

## Politics
### Municipal council

The council is made up of 16 council members, who were elected by proportional representation at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman. The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results:
| Year | Zukunft e.V. | VBL M-N e.V. | Brixius | Total |
| 2009 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 16 seats |

### Coat of arms

The municipality's arms might be described thus: Per pale argent a cross gules and sable two annulets in pale embraced Or.

## Culture and sightseeing
### Regular events

Local history and wine festivals are regularly held.
On the first weekend of every August, the great wine and street festival is held in the constituent community of Maring, drawing hundreds of visitors each year.

## Economy and infrastructure

Maring-Noviand is characterized by winegrowing and tourism. Wine locations include, among others, Honigberg, Sonnenuhr, Klosterberg, Lambertuslay and Römerpfad. Raised here are Riesling and Pinot varieties.
# Arne Selmosson

Arne Selmosson (29 March 1931 – 19 February 2002) was a Swedish footballer who played as a striker.

## Club career

Born in Götene, Selmosson played for Jönköpings Södra, Udinese, Lazio, Roma and Skövde AIK.

## International career

Selmosson earned four caps for the Sweden national team between 1951 and 1958, scoring one goal, and played on home soil at the 1958 FIFA World Cup, achieving runners-up status.
# Bernd Kilian

Bernd Kilian (born 15 December 1965) is a retired Swiss football defender.
While at FC Aarau he was part of the side that won the Swiss national title in 1992–93.
# Central District (Fereydunshahr County)

The Central District of Fereydunshahr County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان فریدونشهر) is in Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Fereydunshahr.

## History

After the 2016 National Census, Pishkuh-e Mugui and Poshtkuh-e Mugui Rural Districts were separated from the district in the formation of Mugui District.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 census, the district's population was 38,955 in 9,259 households. The following census in 2011 counted 38,334 people in 10,657 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 35,654 inhabitants in 10,688 households.

### Administrative divisions

Central District (Fereydunshahr County) Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Ashayer RD | 2,562 | 2,361 | 1,952 |
| Barf Anbar RD | 7,717 | 7,321 | 6,331 |
| Cheshmeh Langan RD | 3,031 | 2,710 | 2,495 |
| Pishkuh-e Mugui RD | 2,367 | 2,240 | 2,180 |
| Poshtkuh-e Mugui RD | 4,747 | 4,359 | 3,711 |
| Barf Anbar (city) | 5,056 | 5,336 | 5,382 |
| Fereydunshahr (city) | 13,475 | 14,007 | 13,603 |
| Total | 38,955 | 38,334 | 35,654 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Antibodies, helminth

%5B%5BWikipedia%3ARedirects+for+discussion%5D%5D+debate+closed+as+delete
#REDIRECT Worm
# Åke Carlsson

Åke Evert Carlsson (24 October 1936 – 21 April 2007) was a Swedish wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle welterweight at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Brachygaster

Brachygaster is a genus of insects belonging to the family Evaniidae. It was first described by William Elford Leach in 1815.
The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

## Species

Species include the following:
* Brachygaster aethiopicus Magretti, 1908 - Ethiopia
* Brachygaster bidentata Kieffer, 1911 - Afrotropical
* Brachygaster bleusei Pic, 1923
* Brachygaster conjugens Enderlein, 1909
* Brachygaster globiceps Benoit, 1953 - Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Brachygaster minutus (Olivier, 1792) - Western Palearctic
* Brachygaster murrayorum Elliott, 2005
* Brachygaster notauliferus Benoit, 1953 - Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Brachygaster tschekylli Madl, 1989
# Celso Scarpini

Celso Luiz Scarpini (27 November 1944 – 23 September 2022) was a Brazilian basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Bengt Andersson (sport shooter)

Bengt Andersson (born 6 March 1966 in Mora, Sweden) is a Swedish rifle shooter. He was a 300 m rifle specialist during most of the 1980-90s and won an individual gold medal in 300 metre rifle prone and was a part of the winning team at the 1998 ISSF World Shooting Championships in Zaragoza, Spain.
World Championship results :
| Event | 1998 |
| 300 metre rifle prone Individual | 598 |
# Bernhard Werthemann

Bernhard Werthemann (born c. 1966) is a Swiss curler and curling coach.
At the national level, he is a 2003 Swiss men's champion curler.
Currently he is the coach of team Yannick Schwaller.

## Teams

| Season | Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Alternate | Coach | Events |
| 1998–99 | Bernhard Werthemann | Raphael Brütsch | Peter Loosli | Phillip Raspe | | | SMCC 1999 |
| 1999–00 | Bernhard Werthemann | Raphael Brütsch | Thomas Lips | Peter Loosli | Daniel Portmann | | |
| 2000–01 | Bernhard Werthemann | Raphael Brütsch | Thomas Lips | Phillip Raspe | | | |
| 2002–03 | Bernhard Werthemann | Thomas Lips | Thomas Hoch | Daniel Widmer | Stefan Traub | | SMCC 2003 |
| 2003–04 | Bernhard Werthemann | Thomas Lips | Thomas Hoch | Daniel Widmer | Stefan Traub | Didier Chabloz | ECC 2003 (4th) |
| 2003–04 | Bernhard Werthemann | Thomas Lips | Daniel Widmer | Thomas Hoch | Stefan Traub | Didier Chabloz | WCC 2004 (6th) |
| 2004–05 | Bernhard Werthemann | Thomas Lips | Stefan Traub | Thomas Hoch | | | SMCC 2005 (5th) |
| 2006–07 | Bernhard Werthemann | Stefan Häsler | Patrick Spychiger | Remo Schmid | | | |
| 2007–08 | Bernhard Werthemann | Stefan Häsler | Patrick Spychiger | Remo Schmid | | | |
| 2008–09 | Bernhard Werthemann | Martin Zaugg | Daniel Widmer | Thomas Hoch | | | |
| 2009–10 | Bernhard Werthemann | Thomas Hoch | Daniel Widmer | Patrick Glanzmann | | | SMCC 2010 (8th) |
| 2010–11 | Bernhard Werthemann | Roger Stucki | Daniel Widmer | Bastian Brun | | | SMCC 2011 (6th) |
| 2011–12 | Bernhard Werthemann | Bastian Brun | Daniel Widmer | Roger Stucki | | | |
| 2011–12 | Bernhard Werthemann | Bastian Brun | Daniel Widmer | Raphael Brütsch | | | SMCC 2012 (6th) |
| 2012–13 | Bernhard Werthemann | Bastian Brun | Florian Zürrer | Paddy Käser | Raphael Brütsch, Gilles Vuille | Didier Chabloz | SMCC 2013 |
| 2013–14 | Bernhard Werthemann | Bastian Brun | Yves Hess | Paddy Käser | | | |

## Record as a coach of national teams

| Year | Tournament, event | National team | Place |
| 2016 | 2016 World Junior Curling Championships | Switzerland (junior men) | 4 |
| 2018 | 2018–19 Curling World Cup – Second Leg | Switzerland (men) | 6 |
| 2019 | 2018–19 Curling World Cup – Grand Final | Switzerland (men) | 5 |
| 2019 | 2019 European Curling Championships | Switzerland (men) | |
# Christian Metaphysics and Neoplatonism

"Christian Metaphysics and Neoplatonism" (1936) is the title of Albert Camus' thesis that would obtain for him permission to teach in the secondary schools of France. It was published when Camus was 23 years old. Camus uses Augustine of Hippo and Pelagius to elaborate his moral views in regard to Greek thought and Christianity. This book is important as it is the first attempt of Camus to explore humanist ethics.
Although it has never been published separately, this text was included in his collected works from the fr:Bibliothèque de la Pléiade. An English translation under the hand of Ronald Srigley was published in 2007 by the University of Missouri.

## Environment and circumstances

Camus wrote his thesis in order to complete his studies at the University of Algiers. The thesis is a historical study, in which Camus attempts to elucidate the relationships between evangelical Christianity, the Greek philosophy of the first few centuries anno domini, and the dogmatic Christianism established by Augustine of Hippo. Camus knew how to read Latin (quotes from the work of Augustine are mostly in Latin), but knew very little of ancient Greek, and the Greek philosophers are quoted in French translations. As is required for such a dissertation, Camus not only had recourse to primary sources namely, Plotinus and Augustine, but he also studied and used studies of recent French authors, notably Émile Bréhier, Franz Cumont, Étienne Gilson, René Arnou, Pierre de Labriolle and Aimé Puech. Camus' bibliography also contains works written in English, such as The Philosophy of Plotinus by W. R. Inge. Camus had already read the Bible a few years before.
# Åke Hansson (footballer, born 1927)

Åke Hansson (7 May 1927 – 6 September 2015) was a Swedish footballer who played as a midfielder.
# Ernald

Ernald (or Ærnald) (died 1163) was the second Abbot of Kelso before becoming Bishop of Cell Rígmonaid (St Andrews), the highest ranking Scottish see in the period. He was elected to the see on Sunday, St. Brice's Day (13 November) 1160, and was consecrated at Dunfermline in the presence of King Máel Coluim IV the following Sunday by William, Bishop of Moray, the Papal legate. He is alleged by John Fordun to have founded the "Great Church" of St. Andrews. His short episcopate ended when he died, according to Andrew of Wyntoun, in 1163. He was buried in the church of St Regulus (Riagail).