OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Otto Steinwender

Otto Steinwender (17 February 1847 – 20 March 1921) was an Austrian politician and professor, initially of liberal tendency, who later developed more nationalistic and radical ideas like reaction to the government of Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe. Steinwender became one of the most important figures of the pan-German movement in Austria and collaborated closely with Georg Ritter von Schönerer, from whom he would later move away due to political differences to found the German-National Party and its successor, the German People's Party. He was a member of the Carinthian Landtag and the House of Representatives and a member of the Provisional National Assembly and the Bundesrat. From 1918 to 1919 he was also Secretary of State for Finance in the Renner government.

## Life

After elementary school, Otto Steinwender attended high school in Klagenfurt, where he was a member of the Caranthania Klagenfurt school association, and subsequently studied at the law and philosophy faculties of the University of Vienna. During his studies he became a member of the Silesia Vienna fraternity in 1865. He passed the teaching examination for classical philology and German studies and received his doctorate in 1873. He then worked professionally as a professor for Latin and Greek at the Wiener Städtisches Gymnasium in Mariahilf, where he also published economic and political articles. He was also a co-founder of the German School Association and became a member of the Austrian House of Representatives in the Reichsrat in 1885. Furthermore, from 3 March 1892 he represented the towns and markets of Spittal an der Drau, Gmünd, Greifenburg, Obervellach and Oberdrauburg as a member of the Carinthian state, but in the last state election before the outbreak of the Great War, in 1909, he was elected to the state parliament as a representative of the general class of voters.
In 1891, after tensions and political differences, a schism finally occurred between Schönerer and Steinwender. Steinwender followed his own path and founded the German-National Party, more moderate than Schönerer's movement. Later this party was succeeded by the German People's Party in 1896, thanks to which it was able to achieve greater electoral results.
In the House of Representatives, Steinwender temporarily joined the Deutscher Nationalverband and served as vice president from 1909 to 1911. After the end of the war, Steinwender was a member of the Provisional National Assembly as a representative of the German National Party from 18 October 1918 to 16 February 1919. At the same time he was State Secretary for Finance from 30 October 1918 to 15 March 1919. He then represented the Greater German People's Party from 1 December 1920 until his death in the Bundesrat.
Otto Steinwender is valued as part of a less extreme wing of the pan-German movement of the time. In the tradition of the Freedom Party of Austria, he is seen today as a political "ancestor" who had managed the "balancing act" between the old liberals and the politically distant German nationalists. This is intended to construct a liberal traditional line of the FPÖ towards liberalism.
# Giovanni Mezzani

Giovanni Mezzani (born 28 December 1952) is an Italian former sport shooter who competed at the 1972, 1976, 1980 and the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Giovanni Zucca

Giovanni Zucca (Italian pronunciation:; born 11 December 1907 in Sestri Ponente) was an Italian professional football player.
He played 2 games in 2 seasons in the Serie A for A.S. Roma.
# Twister (ice cream)

The Twister (originally "Tangle Twister") is an ice cream lollipop on a stick, launched in 1982 and made by Unilever's Heartbrand. It is pineapple ice cream and lime flavoured fruit ice on the outside and strawberry fruit ice on the inside and is shaped in a spiral.

## Variations

A smaller version, the "Mini Twister", is available in multipacks. Some Mini Twisters in each pack have the flavours reversed, so that the strawberry appears on the outside. A "Twister Blackcurrant" variety with a combination of strawberry vanilla, lemon, and blackcurrant flavours is available in the United Kingdom. A "Twister Choc" variety with a combination of vanilla, chocolate, and caramel flavours was available in the United Kingdom. In March 2008, Unilever launched a plum and anise flavoured Twister, which lasted only two months before being withdrawn following poor sales. In 2023, two new flavours were launched: "Twister Fruit Zingerrr", a purple, green and yellow fruit ice in a combination of tangy apple, sour lemon and sweet blueberry flavours, and "Twister Peek-A-Blue", a blue, yellow and pink fruit ice with apple-blueberry, refreshing melon and sweet strawberry-lemon flavours.

## In popular culture

The Twister Coaster ride at the West Midland Safari Park formerly had decorative elements that echo the Twister lolly. However, the ride has since been renamed to "Monkey Mayhem" and the branding removed. The roller coaster is of the Wild Mouse design.
A video game was published in the Czech Republic by Algida, promoting the Twister ice cream in that country. The game received attention when it was played by Swedish online streamer Vargskelethor Joel, part of the streaming group Vinesauce. During a stream dedicated to destroying a Windows 98 computer, Joel opens up the game, where its extremely loud intro scares him. After losing, he attempts to open multiple instances of the game, leading to a BSOD, until the computer reboots and plays every copy of the game at once. The resulting intro is so incredibly loud that Joel's voice is almost completely drowned out.
# Vasco da Gama-class frigate

The Vasco da Gama class is a class of frigates of the Portuguese Navy. Named in honor of the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama, the ships are based on the German MEKO 200 design, and are Portugal's major surface ships. Portugal operates three ships of this class, which were built in Hamburg by Blohm + Voss (B&V) and by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) in Kiel, using modular construction techniques.
The project for the construction of three frigates of this class was authorized by the Portuguese Government in 1985, five years after the request of the Portuguese Navy for the acquisition of new surface ships. According to Conway's, 60% of the funding for these ships came from NATO military aid. Similar ships have been built for the navies of Greece, Turkey, Australia and New Zealand.

## Modernization

In 2019, the new Military Programming Law was approved by the Portuguese Assembly of the Republic, which provided an amount of 125 million euros for the modernization of the three frigates of the Vasco da Gama class. In November 2022, the order authorizing the Ministry of National Defence to proceed with the modernization, was signed, in order to be able to use the ships in scenarios of high intensity combat. Among the improvements to be made to the frigates is the incorporation of RIM-162 ESSM Block-2 missiles to replace the RIM-7 Sea Sparrow. The frigate NRP Álvares Cabral, within the scope of this modernization process, received in 2023 a new platform command, control and management system, installed by the Portuguese company Edisoft. The Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Henrique Gouveia e Melo, stated at the end of 2023 that the modernization program for the Vasco da Gama frigates will make it possible to modernize 2 frigates for high-intensity combat, namely the modernization or replacement of the SEWACO system. A third frigate will be updated in terms of platform management, communications systems and will also be capable of carrying out amphibious raids to project Portuguese Marine Corps forces. The modernization program for this class of ships will be made in Portugal by the Arsenal do Alfeite shipyard, that began in 2023 and will last until 2027 according to the navy's plans, with the last 2 years for the modernization of two frigates and the previous years to complete the upgrade of another frigate as a command platform.

## Ships

| Pennant | Name | Laid down | Shipyard | Launched | Commissioned | Fate |
| F330 | Vasco da Gama | 2 February 1989 | B&V, Hamburg | 26 June 1989 | 18 January 1991 | Inactive since 2019; Being modernized at Arsenal do Alfeite. |
| F331 | Álvares Cabral | 2 June 1989 | HDW, Kiel | 6 June 1990 | 24 May 1991 | In active service |
| F332 | Corte-Real | 20 October 1989 | HDW, Kiel | 22 November 1991 | 1 February 1992 | In active service |

## Similar ships

* MEKO
* Hydra-class frigate - Greece
* Anzac-class frigate - Australia and New Zealand
* Barbaros-class frigate - Turkey
* Yavuz-class frigate - Turkey
# Giuliano Terraneo

Giuliano Terraneo (born 16 October 1953) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper and the current director of football of West Bromwich Albion.

## Club career

After beginning his career with Seregno and Monza, Terraneo played for 11 seasons (321 games) in the Serie A for Italian clubs Torino Calcio, AC Milan and U.S. Lecce.

## Style of play

Terraneo was an efficient rather than spectacular goalkeeper, who was known for his excellent positional sense and composure in goal. In addition to his goalkeeping ability, Terraneo also drew attention to himself for his moustache and original goalkeeping attire: he was known for wearing goalkeeping jerseys of different colours, as well as his trademark white shorts and socks; with Torino he also wore maroon football socks, the official colour of the team. He was also known for removing his gloves when attempting to save penalties.

## Consultancy career

On 12 April 2018 Terraneo was appointed as technical consultant at EFL Championship club West Bromwich Albion to support their summer transfer plans following the sacking of Nick Hammond. Terraneo previously held similar positions at Monza, Lazio, Inter Milan and Fenerbahçe. Subsequently, Terraneo was replaced by Luke Dowling.

## Honours
### Monza

* Coppa Italia Lega Pro: 1974–75
* Serie C (Girone A): 1975–76
* Anglo-Italian Cup: 1976
# Giuseppe Carletti

Giuseppe Carletti (born 22 July 1959) is a former Italian World Cup alpine ski racer.

## World Championships results

| Year |
| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant Slalom | Downhill | Combined |
| 1982 | 20 | - | DNF2 | - | - |
# Cuscuta reflexa

Cuscuta reflexa, the giant dodder or ulan ulan, is one of about 220 species in genus Cuscuta of the morning glory family (Convolvulaceae). It is common in the Indian subcontinent and the Greater Himalayas and as far south as Malaysia and Indonesia. This parasitic plant species is a leafless twined sprawling thin vine that grows over a host plant, including large trees. It will make garlands hanging down from tree canopies as long as 10 metres (33 ft). Flowers are small, bell shaped and white with yellow filaments. Fruits and seeds are produced from the flower.

## Gallery

* Cuscuta reflexa flowers
# Giuseppe Materazzi

Giuseppe Materazzi (born 5 January 1946) is an Italian football manager and former player, who played as a midfielder.

## Playing career

Materazzi was born in Arborea, Province of Oristano. He is best remember as one of the most representative players for U.S. Lecce, where he spent seven years and played 228 Serie C matches. He also played for Tempio, Reggina and Bari.

## Managerial career

Materazzi started his coaching career in 1979, for Tuscan Serie C2 team Cerretese. He first coached Serie A team, Pisa SC, in 1987–88, leading the side to a 13th-place finish. He then coached Lazio for two seasons, before to move to Serie B side Messina in 1990. His longest period as football coach started in 1992 in Bari, where he already played in his past career and coached, but at the youth level. He stayed four years in Bari, two of them in Serie A. He then coached a number of minor Serie A and Serie B teams, such as Padova, Brescia, Piacenza, before being signed by Sporting Clube de Portugal in July 1999. However his experience lasted just a few months, as Materazzi was fired in September 1999 after a UEFA Cup loss to Viking F.K. On early November he was called by Venezia chairman Maurizio Zamparini to replace Luciano Spalletti at the helm of that Serie A team, but was fired just 27 days later, and notably replaced by Spalletti. His last club experience came in January 2001, as Materazzi was appointed to coach Cagliari of Serie A.
In 2003, Materazzi signed a three-year deal with Chinese club Tianjin Teda, but left after just one year. His name was recently mentioned regarding the head coaching position for the Costa Rica national team.
On 26 February 2007, Materazzi was appointed head coach of Serie B club Bari, replacing Rolando Maran. He led his club to a quiet escape from relegation, and was confirmed for the 2007–08 season. He resigned from his post on 27 December 2007, shortly after being defeated 4–0 at home by Lecce in the Apulian derby.
On 30 December 2008, Materazzi signed a contract to become the head coach of Olympiakos Volos, after just two months, Materazzi has decided to quit Volos on 6 March 2009. The Italian trainer has decided to resign because he has not reached the targets that he had fixed.
In July 2009 he was unveiled as new general manager of Spanish Tercera División side SE Eivissa-Ibiza, where he worked alongside new head coach Onofrio Barone, former Serie A player who also served as Materazzi's assistant in a number of clubs.
In 2010, he signed with Romanian club Braşov, but resigned after just three days.
In 2016 he briefly served as head coach of women's football team S.S. Lazio Women 2015.
Materazzi returned into football in 2018 with Serie C club Bisceglie, accepting an offer as the club's new technical area director, a role he left only a few days later due to economical disagreements with the board.

## Personal life

Giuseppe is the father of former Inter Milan defender and Italian World Cup winner Marco Materazzi. His grandson Alessio Maestrelli made his professional debut in 2022.
# Felix Reader

Felix Maximilian Reader (1850–1911) was a German-born Australian chemist and amateur botanist.
Born in Berlin, he trained as a chemist before emigrating to New Zealand, then shortly afterwards, in the 1880s, to Australia. In the 1890s he settled at Dimboola, Victoria, where he had a chemist's shop until the early 1900s. He was an enthusiastic botanist, publishing many papers in the Victorian Naturalist, establishing himself as an expert on the grasses of the southern Wimmera, and collecting the type specimen of Acacia glandulicarpa. He also amassed a large private herbarium, which he sold to the National Herbarium of Victoria in 1906. Brachycome readeri and Pottia readeri are named in his honour. In 1908, he edited the exsiccata work Plantae Victoriae Australiae exsiccatae.
Over 3,000 specimens collected by Reader are cared for at the National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL), Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. A smaller collection of specimens are deposited at Te Papa in Aotearoa New Zealand.
# Giuseppe Noal

Giuseppe Noal (born 2 September 1950) is an Italian rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Harry Higgs

Harry Higgs (born December 4, 1991) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour.

## Early life

Higgs was born in Camden, New Jersey on December 4, 1991. He grew up in Overland Park, Kansas. His parents are Mike and Denise Higgs.

## Amateur career

He played his high school golf at Blue Valley North High School in Overland Park, Kansas and his college golf for the SMU Mustangs.

## Professional career

Higgs played on PGA Tour Latinoamérica in 2015 and 2018. He won the Diners Club Peru Open in 2018 and led the Order of Merit, securing a tour card on the 2019 Korn Ferry Tour.
Higgs won the Price Cutter Charity Championship on the 2019 Korn Ferry Tour. This led him to a 5th-place finish in the regular season standings, which earned him his tour card for the 2019–20 PGA Tour season. He finished second at the Bermuda Championship in November 2019. He also finished second at the 2020 Safeway Open.
In May 2021, Higgs played in his first major tournament, the 2021 PGA Championship at the Ocean Course at Kiawah Island Golf Resort. He shot a bogey-free round on the final day to finish tied for fourth. This finish got him into the field for the 2022 Masters Tournament.

## Personal life

Higgs' younger brother, Alex, used to be a professional golfer but is now a caddie. Both played college golf at Southern Methodist University. Alex caddied for Harry when Harry was a senior at SMU.

## Professional wins (4)
### Korn Ferry Tour wins (3)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1 | Jul 28, 2019 | Price Cutter Charity Championship | −22 (66-68-65-67=266) | 2 strokes | Andrew Svoboda, Steve Wheatcroft |
| 2 | May 19, 2024 | AdventHealth Championship | −19 (71-67-65-66=269) | Playoff | Tanner Gore |
| 3 | May 26, 2024 | Visit Knoxville Open | −19 (64-65-67-65=261) | Playoff | Frankie Capan III |
Korn Ferry Tour playoff record (2–0)
| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponent | Result |
| 1 | 2024 | AdventHealth Championship | Tanner Gore | Won with birdie on first extra hole |
| 2 | 2024 | Visit Knoxville Open | Frankie Capan III | Won with eagle on second extra hole |

### PGA Tour Latinoamérica wins (1)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runners-up |
| 1 | Oct 21, 2018 | Diners Club Peru Open | −19 (67-69-65-68=269) | 2 strokes | Mario Beltrán, David Denlinger |

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 2021 | 2022 | 2024 |
| Masters Tournament | | T14 | |
| PGA Championship | T4 | CUT | |
| U.S. Open | | | CUT |
| The Open Championship | | | |
CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" = tied

## Results in The Players Championship

| Tournament | 2021 | 2022 |
| The Players Championship | T29 | CUT |
CUT = missed the halfway cut "T" indicates a tie for a place

## Team appearances

* Aruba Cup (representing PGA Tour Latinoamérica): 2018 (winners, playing captain)
# East Harting

East Harting is a hamlet in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It lies on the South Harting to Elsted road 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Petersfield. At the 2011 Census the population of the hamlet was included in the civil parish of Harting.
East Harting is in the Anglican Parish of South Harting.

## History

The hamlet was listed in the Domesday Book included in the large Manor of Harting along with South Harting and West Harting.
# Sidney Mason

Sidney Mason (1886–1923) was an American film actor active during the silent era. He was the father of the actor Sydney Mason.

## Selected filmography

* His Neighbor's Wife (1913)
* The Daughter of MacGregor (1916)
* The Honor of Mary Blake (1916)
* The Peddler (1917)
* Susan's Gentleman (1917)
* The Little Terror (1917)
* The Painted Madonna (1917)
* Little Miss Nobody (1917)
* The Boy Girl (1917)
* Bonnie Annie Laurie (1918)
* The Prussian Cur (1918)
* The Forbidden Path (1918)
* A Fallen Idol (1919)
* A Modern Salome (1920)
* The Good-Bad Wife (1920)
# Bromley, West Midlands

Bromley is a residential area of Kingswinford, West Midlands, England.
It was a rural area for many centuries, mostly consisting of farmland, but since the Second World War has been extensively developed for upmarket private housing. Principle bus routes through the area are service 15/15A between Wolverhampton and Merry Hill Centre and service 226 between Dudley and the Merry Hill Centre. These are operated by National Express West Midlands and Diamond Bus respectively. A Tesco Express is located on Bromley Lane in the former Fox and Goose public house.
Since the 1960s it has been home to The Crestwood School, a secondary school located on Bromley Lane.
# Ivano Bamberghi

Ivano Bamberghi (born 13 January 1949) is an Italian speed skater. He competed in the men's 5000 metres event at the 1976 Winter Olympics.
# Allan Lewis (rugby union)

Robert Allan Lewis (born 7 October 1942) is a former Wales international rugby union player.
He was capped six times by Wales as a scrum-half between 1966 and 1967.
He was selected for the 1966 British Lions tour to Australia and New Zealand, and played in the last three internationals against the All Blacks. He also toured South Africa with Wales in 1964.
He played club rugby for Abertillery and Newport.
# Parinari capensis

Parinari capensis, the sand apple, is a species of flowering plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae. It is found in Botswana, DRC, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. It is 20 centimetres (7.9 in) tall. The leaves are elliptic with a white underside. It has small white flowers and a hairy sand-coloured calyx.

## Habitat

The species can be found on sand, in open woodland and grassland on the elevation of 1,200–1,600 metres (3,900–5,200 ft). It blooms from September to October. The species is considered a geoxyle with a substantial part of the plant growing under the ground, an adaptation to fire-prone habitats. They have been considered therefore as forming immortal underground forests of great age.

## Uses

The plant is used for anti-malaria purposes.
# Sophronica fuscipennis

Sophronica fuscipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1969.
# Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad (disambiguation)

Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad (1140–1203) was the Sultan of the Ghurids from 1163 to 1203.
Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad may also refer to:
* Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I (died 1365), Sultan of the Eretnids
* Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad (vizier) (died 1336), Ilkhanid bureaucrat
* Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad (1475/6 – 1535/6), commonly known as Khvandamir, Persian historian
* Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I Tapar (1082–1118), Sultan of the Seljuk Empire
# 330th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron

The 330th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the 329th Fighter Group at Stewart Air Force Base, New York, where it was inactivated on 1 July 1959.
It was first active as the 330th Fighter Squadron during World War II, serving as an Operational Training Unit and later as a Replacement Training Unit until being disbanded in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces in the spring of 1944. It was reactivated in November 1942 as an air defense unit.

## History
### World War II

Trained replacement pilots, September 1942 – March 1944; furnished cadres for fighter squadrons, January–December 1943.; served as part of air defense force for the west coast, 1943.

### Cold War air defense

Air defense of the Northeastern United States, 1954–1967.

## Lineage

* Constituted as the 330th Fighter Squadron (Two Engine) on 24 June 1942
    Activated on 10 July 1942
    Disbanded on 31 March 1944
* Reconstituted and redesignated 330th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron on 14 November 1952
    Activated on 27 November 1952
    Inactivated on 1 July 1959

### Assignments

* 329th Fighter Group, 10 July 1942 – 31 March 1944
* 4709th Defense (later Air Defense) Wing, 27 November 1952
* 4700th Air Defense Group, 20 September 1954
* 329th Fighter Group, 18 August 1955 – 1 July 1959

### Stations

* Hamilton Field, California, 10 July 1942
* Paine Field, Washington, 14 July 1942
* Glendale Army Air Base, California, 10 September 1942
* Lindbergh Field, California, 2 November 1942 – 31 March 1944
* Stewart Air Force Base, New York, 27 November 1952 – 1 July 1959

### Aircraft

* Lockheed P-38 Lightning, 1942–1944
* Lockheed F-80 Shooting Star, 1952–1953
* North American F-86D Sabre, 1953–1959
# HM LST-405

HMS LST-405 was a Royal Navy tank landing ship of World War II. Built as a LST-1-class tank landing ship she was transferred to the UK and served in the European and Mediterranean and Middle Eastern theatres.

## Construction

LST-405 was laid down on 30 August 1942, under Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 925, by the Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyard, Baltimore, Maryland; launched 31 October 1942; then transferred to the United Kingdom and commissioned into the RN on 28 December 1942.

## Service history

The tank landing ship was sunk on 27 March, while in Royal Navy service. LST-405 was struck from the navy list on 17 April 1946.