OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pierre Laroque

Pierre Laroque (2 November 1907 in Paris – 21 January 1997 in Paris) was a French senior civil servant known as the "father of social security".

## Biography

Admitted to the Conseil d'État in 1929, Pierre Laroque (1907–1997), in 1931, he entered the Cabinet of Adolphe Landry, Minister of Work and Social Care, to become a specialist in social insurance.
In March 1938, he published a report entitled "the North Africans in France", which criticised the Service de surveillance et de protection des Nord-Africains, organised by the Prefecture of Police. In his report, he predicted the dissociation of social protection activities and repressive activities concerning the immigrants of North African origin, but these reforms were not carried out by the Front populaire, the party of the time.
Sacked in October 1940 due to his Jewish roots, he joined the private sector, in Lyon joining the résistance organisation "Combat" and moved to London in April 1943.
Returning to France in June 1944 with General de Gaulle, he was named Director General of social security on 5 October 1944. He then played a considerable part in the setting up of ordinances founding and organising social security.
Replaced by Jacques Doublet, he returned to the Conseil d'État in October 1951. In 1953, he was named President of the Sous-Section du Contentieux, then vice President in 1959, for which he was decorated by 1962 for aiding General de Gaulle with an exercise on special powers named in article 16 of the Constitution. President of the national social security budged, he was a member of and presided over the "Commission d'Étude des problèmes de la Vieillesse", which in January 1962 published the celebrated "Rapport Laroque". In August 1964, he was finally named President of the Social Section of the Conseil d'État, which he exercised until his retirement in 1980.
A long-time holder of the chair in social law at the Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris, he taught generations of civil servants and unionists and published his memoirs: Au service de l'Homme et du Droit. Souvenirs et réflexions. Association pour l'Étude de l'Histoire de la Sécurité sociale, 1, place Fontenoy, Paris.
He is related to the actor and comedian Michèle Laroque.

## Thoughts

For Pierre Laroque, "each class forms a relatively closed group: The passage of one to another, while not impossible, is difficult". The distinction between classes is "very largely economic" based on work differences. The social structure tends to be dominated by a differentiation between "a capitalist class, the owners of the means of production" and "a salaried class or proletariat". "Class conflicts" take place in the sphere of the "existing social structure", due to "the social organisation". However, "the difficulty a class faces is knowing the sphere of the existing structure and driving progressively against this structure."
# Lutsk Airport

Lutsk Airport (also given as Lutsk Southeast) (IATA: UCK, ICAO: UKLC) is a functioning airport in Volyn Oblast, Ukraine located 14 km southeast of Lutsk. Built in 1986. Out of military commission from 1996.
# Manawatū Standard

The Manawatū Standard (formerly the Evening Standard) is the daily paper for the Manawatū region based in Palmerston North. The Manawatū Standard has been recognised as one of the best in New Zealand being a finalist in the 2008 Qantas Media Award (renamed to Voyager Media Awards after Voyager Internet Ltd stepped in as naming sponsor for the 2018 awards) for best regional daily newspaper; it won the same category in 2007. It also won Best Headline and Student Journalist of the Year at the Qantas Media Awards 2017.

## History

The company was first established on 29 November 1880. Since then, the paper has been operated by two other companies: it was purchased by Independent Newspapers Limited (INL) in the 1970s, and acquired by Fairfax Media (then John Fairfax Holdings) on 1 July 2003, when that company purchased INL. As of 1 February 2018, Fairfax Media was rebranded to Stuff Limited.

## Other publications

The Manawatū Standard also owns:

### The Tribune

Published weekly and distributed for free to all homes in Palmerston North, Ashhurst and Linton, as well as rural subscribers to the Manawatū Standard. On 21 February 2018, Stuff Limited announced that it would be closing or selling off 28 community papers. On 24 April 2018 it was confirmed that The Tribune would close with the last publication being 30 May 2018.

### The Feilding Rangitikei Herald

Published weekly on Thursday and delivered to every home in the Manawatū District Council area. In April 2016, the Feilding Herald, Rangitikei Mail and Central District Times combined to become the Feilding Rangitikei Herald. Finalist in the 2018 Voyager Media Awards for Community Paper of the Year, also being a finalist and winning the Canon Community Newspaper of the Year in 2017.

### The Central Districts Farmer

Delivered on the first Friday of every month to all homes on rural delivery in the eight regions of the central and lower North Island. On 15 May 2018, the Central Districts Farmer closure was announced with the last publication being 11 June 2018.
# Tony Andreason

Tony Andreason (born 1943) is an American guitarist and co-lead vocalist of The Trashmen, along with drummer Steve Wahrer. He is also known as the guitarist in the Platte Valley Boys. The Trashmen are best known for the song Surfin' Bird. Tony has also played in The Surf Dogs as well as several other bands.

## Biography

Andreason started playing with many bands in high school, before joining the Trashmen in 1962. The Trashmen would record Surfin' Bird which was inspired by The Rivingtons' songs Papa-Oom-Mow-Mow and Bird is the Word. The song was a big hit, and would later appear in Family Guy and Full Metal Jacket. The band broke up in 1967. In the 1980s they started touring again. In 1988 drummer Steve Wahrer with whom Andreason shared vocals, would leave the band due to health issues; he would die from throat cancer a year later in 1989. Andreason took over full lead vocals for the band. Andreason's brother Mark would end up taking over drums. In 2016 the Trashmen would break up again. They had 13 albums and 9 charted hits.
On October 8, 2017, he was honored with a Bill Diehl Lifetime Achievement Award in Minnesota for his contributions to music. When Tony was awarded with it, it was only the second time the award had ever been given out.
He currently plays guitar with the band The Platte Valley Boys, a Bluegrass band that was founded in 1975 originally by Jim Stebbins and Ron Colby, Tony has been playing with the band since 1997.
The band was inducted in the Minnesota music hall of fame in 2005, making it the first Bluegrass band inducted into the hall of fame. The band was later inducted into the Minnesota Rock and Country Hall of Fame in 2007. The band's lineup includes Ron Colby, Scott Stebbins, Catie Jo Pidel, and Andreason. Colby is the only original member who still plays with the band. In 2020 the band would celebrate their 45th anniversary.
# V2 Radio

V2 Radio is an Independent Local Radio station owned and operated by VeeToo Trade in the United Kingdom. It broadcasts to West Sussex and South Hampshire, England.

## History

After Bauer Media announced that Spirit FM "will be rebranded as "Greatest Hits Radio", offering classic hits from the '70s, '80s and '90s", a group of presenters from Spirit FM grouped together with VeeToo trade to form V2 Radio.
The station started test transmissions in December 2020 before its official launch on 18th January 2021.

## Programming

V2 Radio broadcasts locally from its studios in West Sussex, 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. An April 2024 it expanded its DAB coverage to also broadcast to South Hampshire following the rebranding of Wave 105 to Greatest Hits Radio.
Highlights include the breakfast show with Tanya McCarthy from 6am to 10am and Drive Time with Ian Crouch from 3pm to 7pm.
# Leo Gasienica

Leo Gasienica (born February 4, 1951) is a former professional American football quarterback who played for Birmingham Vulcans in World Football League (WFL). He played college football at Rutgers University.
He also had stints in the National Football League (NFL) with the New York Giants and Pittsburgh Steelers.
# Olly, Syd, Millie and Lizzie

Olly, Syd and Millie were the official mascots of the 2000 Summer Olympics, and Lizzie was the official mascot of the 2000 Summer Paralympics, both held in Sydney, Australia.
Olly, Syd and Millie were named by Philip Sheldon from advertising agency DMBB and represented air, soil and water. Olly (from Olympics) the kookaburra represents the Olympic spirit of generosity. Syd (from Sydney) the platypus represents the environment as well as the activity and energy of Australia and their population. Millie (from Millennium) the echidna knows everything about technology and numerical data. The mascots were designed by Matthew Hattan and Jozef Szekeres.
The mascot for the 2000 Paralympics was Lizzie the frill-necked lizard, a native Australian animal which inhabits northern parts of the country. The shape of the character's frill represented the geographical shape of the country, and the ochre colour of Lizzie's body aimed to mirror the colour of the land. The lizard was chosen because of the animal's survival instincts and tenacity, and was intended to represent the character traits of Paralympic athletes.
Lizzie's voice was provided by Olivia Newton-John, who made appearances alongside Lizzie leading up and during the Games.
The visibility of and community engagement with Lizzie outpaced that of the other three Olympic mascots. The Australian Paralympic Committees noted the significant branding capital and realised that this could be leveraged in the future.
In 2021, Lizzie made a return as a part of the Royal Australian Mint's "Aussie Heroes" $2 coin collection and, later, a sticker pack promoted in Woolworths made for the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# EUM

EUM may refer to:
* Eum (Korean name)
* Elisabeth University of Music, a Jesuit university in Japan
* Estados Unidos Mexicanos, the full name of Mexico in Spanish
# Bomb shot

A bomb shot, depth charge, or drop shot (Canada) is a kind of mixed drink. A drink in a small glass (typically a shot glass) is dropped into a larger glass holding a different drink. The resulting cocktail is typically consumed as quickly as possible ("chugged").

## Preparation

A bomb shot typically consists of a shot glass of hard liquor that is dropped into a glass partially filled with beer but sometimes with some other beverage. Many variations exist. When the shot is dropped into a pint it is commonly known as a "depth charge", because it resembles the anti-submarine weapon being dropped on a target.
Examples of popular bomb shots include:
* The Boilermaker: a shot of whisky dropped into beer
* Flaming Doctor Pepper: a shot of Amaretto and Bacardi 151 which is lit on fire and dropped into beer
* Jägerbomb: a shot of Jägermeister dropped into a glass containing an energy drink. Likewise, the F-Bomb—Fireball Cinnamon Whisky and Red Bull.
* Irish car bomb: a shot glass containing 1⁄2 Irish cream and 1⁄2 Irish whiskey dropped into half a pint of Guinness stout
* Sake bomb: a shot of sake dropped into beer
* Skittle bomb: a shot of Cointreau dropped into a glass containing an energy drink
* Poktanju (Korean: 폭탄주): a shot of soju dropped into a glass of beer
# Tomica Kocijan

Tomislav "Tomica" Kocijan (born 21 November 1967, in Varaždin) is a former Austria international football player and current manager.

## Club career

He finished his career in the Austrian lower leagues.

## International career

He made his debut for Austria in a September 2000 friendly match against Iran and earned a total of 4 caps, scoring 1 goal. His final international was an October 2001 World Cup qualification match away against Israel.
# Cosmos ochroleucoflorus

Cosmos ochroleucoflorus is a Mexican species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in the state of Durango in northwestern Mexico.
Cosmos ochroleucoflorus is a branching perennial up to 80 cm (32 inches) tall, spreading by means of underground rhizomes. Leaves are narrow, undivided, up to 13 cm (5 inches) long. Each stem produces one or a few flower heads, each with pink or lavender ray florets and white or pale yellow disc florets.
# Boulevard Montmartre

The Boulevard Montmartre (French pronunciation:) is one of the four grands boulevards of Paris. It was constructed in 1763. Contrary to what its name may suggest, the road is not situated on the hills of Montmartre. It is the easternmost of the grand boulevards.

## History

In 1851, as part of its publicity, an auction of a gold ingot to finance the expatriation of 3,300 would-be gold prospectors to San Francisco was held. The ingot, valued at 400,000 francs, was exhibited on the boulevard.

## Location

Contrary to what its name may suggest, the road is not situated on the hills of Montmartre but is the easterly extension of the Boulevard Haussmann and the Boulevard des Italiens at their junction with Rue de Richelieu. Boulevard Montmartre marks the border between the 2nd and 9th arrondissements.
| ___ | Located near the Métro stations: Richelieu–Drouot and Grands Boulevards. |
# Gold Ridge, Georgia

Gold Ridge is the historical name of an unincorporated community in Cherokee County, Georgia, United States.
The area was settled in the mid-1800s and is located between Canton and the Sixes community, home to the now-defunct Sixes Gold Mine. Gold Ridge is located in the Georgia Gold Belt, which runs southwest to northeast along the southern edge of the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains.
Gold Ridge is located between Georgia State Route 20 (Knox Bridge Highway), Marietta Highway (former Georgia State Route 5), the Sixes community and the Etowah River / Lake Allatoona. Bells Ferry Road (former Georgia State Route 205), Ridge Road and Butterworth Road traverse the area, which is now mostly residential.
Gold Ridge ("Goldridge") had its own post office in the early 1900s.
# Helen Stewart (artist)

Helen Stewart (27 March 1900 – 31 March 1983) was a New Zealand artist.
Her work is held by collections in Australia and New Zealand, including at the Victoria University of Wellington, Dowse Art Museum, and the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.

## Education

Stewart began studying under Linley Richardson at the Technical School in Wellington in 1921. In 1927 she had her first show and soon after left for London, where she entered the School of Art. The next year she lived in Paris and attended the Académie Colarossi and the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, though she said in 1982 they were both were studios where you "joined by the week". She moved to Sydney in 1930 to join her family who had moved from Wellington to live there, entering the Sydney Art School (also known as the Julian Ashton Art School). She said that she felt her real training started with Thea Proctor becoming an associate and also a teacher with her. In 1931 she entered the Grosvenor School under Ian McNab. He was a modernist and she felt that she didn't gain much from this period of study.
She returned to Paris in 1932 and had a full year studying with Yadav Vytllayl and André Lhote's atelier.

## Career

Stewart was a modernist painter, influenced by European and British post-impressionist art, specifically Henri Matisse, Pablo Picasso, Fernand Léger, and the Camden Town artists. While at studying with André Lhote she developed an appreciation for the theory of the Golden Section, the balancing of spatial and colour relationships.
Stewart was a contemporary of Dorothy Kate Richmond, Frances Hodgkins, Madge Freeman, Elma Roach and Gwen Knight.
After returning to Australia in 1934, she became a member of the avant-garde Contemporary Art Society in 1935. In 1938 "150 Years of Australian Art" anniversary catalogue reproduced her painting Freesias.
In Australia she exhibited alongside Margaret Preston and Grace Cossington Smith. Although she was initially rejected by the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts she did later exhibit with them. She also exhibited with the Christchurch based art association, 'The Group', in 1948. In 1949 she was one of the 'Group of Nine Artists' that exhibited at Helen Hitchings' Gallery in Wellington.
Stewart returned to New Zealand in 1946 and settled in Lowry Bay, Wellington. She was a founding member of the 'Thursday Group' art collective and continued to paint until her death in 1983. In 1981 she was first equal winner of the Williams Art Awards.
Notable works include: Portrait of a woman in red; Interior; Triangle and circle; and Portrait of a young man.
Stewart was included in Anne Kirker's New Zealand Women Artists: a Survey of 150 Years.
# Hypergastromyzon

Hypergastromyzon is a genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Gastromyzontidae, commonly called the hillstream loaches, although this also refers to the loaches in the family Balitoridae. The loaches in this genus are endemic to the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia.

## Species

There are currently 3 recognized species in this genus:
* Hypergastromyzon abditus H. H. Tan, 2021
* Hypergastromyzon humilis T. R. Roberts, 1989
* Hypergastromyzon sambas H. H. Tan, 2021
# Pali, Lalitpur

Pali is a town and a nagar panchayat in Lalitpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

## Geography

Pali is located at 24°29′N 78°25′E﻿ / ﻿24.48°N 78.42°E﻿ / 24.48; 78.42. It has an average elevation of 457 metres (1499 feet). It is having a Neelkanth Mahadev Temple in the heart of the city.

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Pali has a population of 9,267 divided into 10 wards. Male population is 4,830 and that of female is 4,437. Pali has an average literacy rate of 70.77%, higher than state average of 67.68 %, male literacy is 81.65%, and female literacy is 59.06%. In Pali, 15.75% of the population is under 6 years of age. Out of the total population, 3,856 are engaged in work or business activity with 2,460 are males and rest 1,396 are females.
Schedule Caste (SC) and Schedule Tribe (ST) constitutes 15.95% and 4.79% of the total population in Pali. Based on the census 93.02% of the total population are Hindus, 3.57% are Muslims, 3.32% are Jains and the rest is occupied by Christian, Sikh and Buddhist.

## History

Old fort of Raja Rao Sahab Bhanupratap Singh judev Bundela.Raosahab Bhanupratap Singh Judev and Chhatrajeet Singh Judev were the "Jageerdar"of pali. .Raosahab Pali donated about 1000 acres of his property to 400 families. Pali was founded by Maharaja Jorawar Singh Judev son of Maharaj Durjan Singh Judev (From Chanderi). Raja Jorawar Singh Judev were two brothers. Raja Man singh Chanderi and Raja Dewaan dhiraj Singh Judev (Gadyana).

## Culture

It is also famous because of Devgarh temples. Pali is famous for its deshi pan & Neelkantheshwar temple 3 km away from city on the peak of Vindhyanchal Mountain.
Folk songs of the place are very famous like "Alha" (song about bravery of kings Alha and Udal) derived from Alha-Khand and "Beer Hardol" (song about brother's love.)
# Bedny

Bedny, also transliterated Bednyy, Bednyi and Bednyj, is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Demyan Bedny (1883–1945), Soviet poet
* Gregory Bedny (1938–2018), Ukrainian-American psychologist
# Viktor Kalisch

Viktor Kalisch (4 December 1902 in Linz – 21 July 1976) was an Austrian sprint canoeist who competed in the late 1930s. He won a silver medal in the K-2 10000 m event at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin.
# Ülle Kaljuste

Ülle Kaljuste (born Ülle Side; 10 April 1957) is an Estonian stage, film, television and radio actress.

## Early life

Born Ülle Side in Tallinn, she attended Tallinn Secondary School No. 2 (Estonian: Tallinn Reaalkool), graduating in 1975. Afterward, she attended the Tallinn State Conservatory of Performing Arts Department (now, the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre), under the instruction of Merle Karusoo and graduating in 1980. Graduating classmates included actors Roman Baskin, Guido Kangur, Arvo Kukumägi, Ain Lutsepp, Anne Veesaar, and Paul Poom.

## Stage career

Shortly after graduation, she began an engagement at the Vanalinnastuudio which lasted from 1980 until 1989. Since 1998, she has been a performer at the Estonian Drama Theatre in Tallinn. Among her more memorable international roles in theatre were in works by: William Shakespeare, Eugene O'Neill, Edward Albee, Henrik Ibsen, Bertolt Brecht, Anton Chekhov, Neil Simon, Tennessee Williams and Tom Stoppard, among many others. Roles Estonian playwrights and authors include works by: Andrus Kivirähk, Paul-Eerik Rummo, Jaan Kross, Madis Kõiv and Hendrik Toompere.

## Film and television

Ülle Kaljuste made her film debut in the 1981 Estonian television movie Onu Tik-Taki seiklused, directed by Virve Koppel. In 1985, she made her screen debut in the 1985 musical comedy Savoy Ball, directed by Ago-Endrik Kerge. In 1992 Kaljuste was cast in the role of Emma in the Mati Põldre-directed biographical drama Need vanad armastuskirjad which explored the life of Raimond Valgre, an Estonian composer of the 1930s and the 1940s. In 1990, she played the title role in the Aimée Beekman and Vladimir Beekman penned and Kaljo Kiisk directed feature film drama Regina for Tallinnfilm. She would go one to appear in numerous films and television series. From 2006 until 2009 she appeared on the Kanal 2 television series Kelgukoerad as the character Signe.

## Personal life

In 1980, she married conductor Tõnu Kaljuste; the couple later divorced. She currently resides in Tallinn and Laulasmaa.

## Awards

* 1986 annual award of the Estonian Theatre Association
* 1996 Best Actress Award of 1993 (Hedda Gabler)
* 1996 Best Supporting Actress for Estonian Film Week, Pärnu (Noorelt õpitud and Need vanad armastuskirjad)
* 2000 Little Ants, Estonian Drama Theatre Prize
* 2001 2001 Drama Festival (role of Judith, Aristocrats)
* 2002 Big Ants, Estonian Drama Theatre Prize
* 2005 Big Ants, Estonian Drama Theatre Prize
* 2006 Estonian Theatre Award
* 2008 Big Ants, Estonian Drama Theatre Prize
* 2009 Radio Theatre Actor Award
* 2011 Order of the White Star, IV Class
* 2011 Little Ants, Estonian Drama Theatre Prize

## Selected filmography

* Äratus (Awakening, 1989)
* Need vanad armastuskirjad (Those Old Love Letters, 1992)
* Vana daami visiit (The Visit of the Old Lady, 2006)
* Ruudi (2006)
* Idioot (The Idiot, 2011)
* Surnuaiavahi tütar (Graveyard Keeper's Daughter, 2011)
* Goodbye Soviet Union (2020)
# Longineu Parsons II

Longineu Warren Parsons II is a classically trained trumpeter who plays in a wide variety of styles including jazz, blues, jazz fusion and classical. He is currently an Associate Professor of Music at Florida A&M University (FAMU).
Parsons played for Nat Adderley, Cab Calloway, Doc Severinsen, Herbie Mann, Archie Shepp, Sun Ra, Branford Marsalis and many more. He appeared in the national production of Satchmo. He was a featured soloist in the Great Performances special "Three Mo' Tenors."
He is the father of professional musician Longineu W. Parsons III.
In 1999, Ubiquity Records imprint Luv N' Haight released Spaced: Collected Works 1980-1999, compiling several recordings Parsons had made since 1980.
# V. Kopperapadu

V. Kopperapadu is a panchayat accredited village in Ballikurava mandal of Prakasam district which is in Andhra Pradesh of India.
# Ritli Hill

Ritli Hill (Bulgarian: хълм Ритли, ‘Halm Ritli’ \'h&lm 'rit-li\) is a rocky hill rising to 45 m on the south coast of western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It surmounts Juturna Lake on the west. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.
The hill is named after the rock formation of Ritlite in western Bulgaria.

## Location

Ritli Hill is located at 62°40′16″S 60°55′06″W﻿ / ﻿62.67111°S 60.91833°W﻿ / -62.67111; -60.91833, which is 700 m east of Rish Point and 600 m southwest of Clark Nunatak (Spanish mapping in 1993).

## Maps

* Península Byers, Isla Livingston. Mapa topográfico a escala 1:25000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1992.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4