OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anton Dietrich

Anton Dietrich (27 May 1833 – 4 August 1904) was a German painter who focused on murals, particularly frescos.

## Biography

Born in Meissen, Dietrich joined the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts at age 14 and studied sculpture under Ernst Julius Hähnel. In 1848 he made his debut at an exhibition held by the academy. He became a student of the painter Eduard Bendemann in that same year, but a short time later Dietrich moved, together with Leonhard Gey, to work in the studios of Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Despite positive reviews, Dietrich was unable to make a living as a freelance artist, so he also worked as an illustrator for various publishers and art dealers.
Dietrich learned fresco techniques from Carl von Binzer and for a short time, was a master student of Von Carolsfeld. One of his first great works was Rudolf von Habsburg on the Corpse of the Ottoman of Bohemia which premiered at an exhibition and earned him an academic travel grant. With this financial support, Dietrich moved to Düsseldorf from 1859 to 1860, where he became associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. From there he traveled to Italy, including Venice, Rome, and Naples. On his way home he stopped for several weeks in Munich and returned to Dresden in 1865.
Dietrich founded a studio in Dresden, where he created one of the first works of his series on Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor. Photographs of these works were soon circulated in large quantities. From 1868 to 1872 Dietrich was engaged in a commission to embellish the Gothic Hall of the Kreuzschule with historical frescoes. In 1878 he completed another commission, the fresco Paul Preaches at the Areopagus in Athens, based on Acts chapter 17, verses 22–23. Dietrich also created the image on the gable of the Saxony Ministry of Finance building, which was built in 1894. It represents Saxonia surrounded by arts and government revenues.
Dietrich took a position at the Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig (HGB) (Academy of Visual Arts in Leipzig), where he died at the age of 71 on 4 August 1904.

## Selected works

* Rudolf von Habsburg on the Corpse of the Ottoman of Bohemia
* Otto the Great (series)
* Paul Preaches at the Areopagus in Athens – mural in the auditorium of the Christian Weise Gymnasium in Zittau, Saxony
* Henry I – fresco in Albrecht Castle, Meissen
* Christ Calming the Tempest – inspired a stained glass window in Stanford Memorial Church
# Gustavo Giró

Gustavo Giró (born 14 October 1968) is an Argentine biathlete. He competed in the 20 km individual event at the 1988 Winter Olympics.
# Tyler Smith (politician)

Tyler Paul Smith (born July 7, 1990) is an American politician from Georgia. Smith is a Republican member of Georgia House of Representatives for District 18.
# Public demonstrations in Singapore

Public demonstrations in Singapore are generally rare due to laws that make it illegal to hold cause-related events without a valid licence from the authorities. Such laws include the Public Entertainments Act and the Public Order Act. Public demonstrations are nevertheless permitted at the Speakers' Corner, which occurs regularly, most notably Pink Dot SG and the protest against Population White Paper in 2013.

## Speaker's Corner

In the past, political speeches in Singapore were only permitted at the Speaker's Corner, an area created and designated for such events. However, a police permit was still a requirement before one could proceed with one's speech.
On 1 September 2008, the government decided that Singapore citizens wishing to hold events there need not obtain any permits from the police, and the restriction on using audio amplification devices was lifted. However, they are still required to inform the National Parks Board, a statutory body that manages nature parks.
In 2008, Speakers' Corner was the scene for meetings held over several weeks by Tan Kin Lian, former chief executive of insurance company NTUC Income, to advise people of their legal recourse after structured products they had purchased became virtually valueless upon the collapse of Lehman Brothers.

## Notable incidents

Nevertheless, such laws did not deter some groups conducting a number of illegal public demonstrations.

### 2008
#### Tak Boleh Tahan

A group of 20 people turned up at Parliament House on 15 March 2008 to protest against the escalating cost of living in Singapore. Tak Boleh Tahan stands for "I can't take it anymore" in colloquial Malay. The event was organised by the SDP and included their members. 18 were arrested when they refused to disperse as ordered by the police. All 20 were subsequently charged under Section 5(4)b Chapter 184 of the Miscellaneous Offences (Public and Nuisance) Act. The Singapore Police Force described this incident as an escalation on the scale and level of defiance exhibited by the group and stated that their actions and arm-locking with each other was "militant like".

### 2021
#### Protest outside Ministry of Education headquarters

In 2021, six Singaporeans protested for improved trans protections in the educational system outside the Ministry of Education headquarters at Buona Vista.

## Recent changes

The Public Order Act gives authorities the power to prevent an individual from leaving home or a building if it is deemed that that person intended or intends to be part of a demonstration. Police are also allowed to order a person to leave a specific area should they determine an intention of offence. Second Home Affairs Minister K. Shanmugam argues that this was necessary to maintain security at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit held in 2009. However, opponents like Chee Soon Juan, leader of the Singapore Democratic Party argues that the law is intended "for the long run" to silence discontent against the government.
# List of settlements in the Rhodope regional unit

This is a list of settlements in the Rhodope regional unit, Greece:
* Aigeiros
* Amaxades
* Aratos
* Arisvi
* Arriana
* Fillyra
* Gratini
* Iasmos
* Imeros Rodopis
* Kalchas, Rhodope
* Kechros
* Kizari
* Komotini
* Maroneia
* Mesi, Rhodope
* Neo Sidirochori
* Organi
* Sapes
* Sostis
# Dositheus

Dositheus (/dəˈsɪθiəs/; Ancient Greek: Δωσίθεος, Dōsítheos) is a Greek masculine given name, and it may refer to:
* Dositheos (Samaritan) (fl. 1st century), Gnostic
* Dositheus Magister (fl. 4th century), Roman grammarian and jurist
* Dositheus of Constantinople (died after 1191), or Dositheus I of Jerusalem, Greek Orthodox Patriarch
* Dositheos II of Jerusalem (1641–1707), Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem 1669–1707
* Dositheus of Tbilisi (died 1795), Georgian Orthodox archbishop
* Dositheus (Ivanchenko) (1884–1984), bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church, bishop of Brooklyn
* Dositej Obradović, Serbian monk, author, and educator.
* Dositej Vasić, metropolitan of Serbian Orthodox Church.
* Dositej II, Archbishop of Ohrid and Macedonia.
# Waterbeach Abbey

Waterbeach Abbey was an abbey at Waterbeach in Cambridgeshire, England. It was established in 1294 by nuns from the Second Order of St. Francis who had come from Longchamp Abbey in France, which also at least inspired the Abbey of the Minoresses of St. Clare without Aldgate. By 1351, the flood-prone abbey had become disused, the nuns having moved to the nearby Denny Abbey. The site is a scheduled monument.
# Erol Mutlu

Erol Mutlu (born 1 March 1952) is a Turkish wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 68 kg at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Mable Thomas

Mable Thomas (born November 8, 1957) is an American politician serving as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives for District 56. She previously represented District 55, which includes areas immediately west and southwest of Downtown Atlanta and areas west and northwest of Midtown Atlanta.

## Early life and education

The daughter of Bernard and Madie Thomas, Mable Thomas was born on November 8, 1957, and raised in the English Avenue neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia, the youngest of five children. Her father was a boiler operator.
Thomas graduated from Booker T. Washington High School in 1975. She then earned a scholarship to Georgia State University to play for the Georgia State Panthers women's basketball team, and earned a Bachelor of Science in public administration in 1982.

## Career

Thomas' political career started when she was chosen as a presidential delegate for candidate Jesse Jackson at the 1984 Democratic National Convention. In the same year, she won a seat in the Georgia House of Representatives, defeating incumbent Grace Towns Hamilton in the Democratic primary, thus becoming the youngest member of the Georgia General Assembly. She served four terms. In 1997, she launched a successful campaign for a seat on the Atlanta City Council. In 2003, she returned to the Georgia House for six years.
In 1992 and 2008, Thomas challenged John Lewis to represent Georgia's 5th congressional district. Both times, Lewis defeated her in the Democratic primary. In July 2010, she ran for her old Georgia House seat but lost to Rashad Taylor in the primary. On October 27, 2019, Thomas announced her candidacy for United States Senate at the SisterSong Let's Talk about Sex Reproductive Justice conference. In March 2020, Thomas announced she would not seek re-election. After the death of incumbent Congressman John Lewis, Thomas was mentioned as a possible candidate to replace Lewis on the November general election ballot. State Senator and State Democratic Party Chair Nikema Williams was eventually selected to succeed Lewis on the November ballot. Thomas was a candidate for the special election to serve Lewis's full term in Congress, but did not advance to the December 2020 runoff election.

## Personal life

Thomas is often referred to by the nickname "Able" or "Able Mable", which was coined by a colleague around 1984. She later made it her legal middle name. Thomas is a member of the Cosmopolitan African Methodist Episcopal Church in Atlanta.
# Joe Graboski

Joseph W. Graboski (January 15, 1930 – July 2, 1998) was an American professional basketball player. He spent 13 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was the third player to enter the NBA without having played in college: (Tony Kappen and Connie Simmons being the first two prep-to-pro players). He was also the second player to play in the league while still being 18 years old. A star at Tuley High School in Chicago, the 6'7" power forward had previously played some basketball with the Illinois Tool Works while he was a high school junior and senior before he began his professional career with the hometown Chicago Stags, with whom he played from 1949 to 1950. He also played for the Indianapolis Olympians, Philadelphia Warriors, St. Louis Hawks, and Chicago Packers, and he left the NBA in 1962 with 9,398 career points and 6,104 career rebounds.

## BAA/NBA career statistics
### Regular season

| Year | Team | GP | MPG | FG% | FT% | RPG | APG | PPG |
| 1948–49 | Chicago | 45 | – | .344 | .357 | – | .4 | 2.8 |
| 1949–50 | Chicago | 57 | – | .304 | .596 | – | .6 | 3.6 |
| 1951–52 | Indianapolis | 66 | 37.0 | .387 | .667 | 9.9 | 2.0 | 13.7 |
| 1952–53 | Indianapolis | 69 | 40.1 | .340 | .682 | 10.0 | 2.3 | 13.0 |
| 1953–54 | Philadelphia | 71 | 38.9 | .354 | .674 | 9.4 | 2.3 | 13.3 |
| 1954–55 | Philadelphia | 70 | 35.9 | .340 | .686 | 9.1 | 2.6 | 13.6 |
| 1955–56† | Philadelphia | 72 | 33.0 | .369 | .706 | 8.9 | 2.6 | 14.4 |
| 1956–57 | Philadelphia | 72 | 34.7 | .349 | .783 | 8.5 | 1.9 | 14.3 |
| 1957–58 | Philadelphia | 72 | 28.8 | .335 | .749 | 7.9 | 1.7 | 12.6 |
| 1958–59 | Philadelphia | 72 | 34.5 | .353 | .750 | 10.4 | 2.1 | 14.7 |
| 1959–60 | Philadelphia | 73 | 17.4 | .372 | .753 | 4.9 | 1.5 | 7.7 |
| 1960–61 | Philadelphia | 68 | 14.9 | .333 | .694 | 3.9 | 1.1 | 6.8 |
| 1961–62 | St. Louis / Chicago / Syracuse | 38 | 12.3 | .348 | .600 | 4.1 | .7 | 5.1 |
| Career | Career | 845 | 30.5 | .352 | .700 | 8.1 | 1.8 | 11.0 |

### Playoffs

| Year | Team | GP | MPG | FG% | FT% | RPG | APG | PPG |
| 1949 | Chicago | 1 | – | .000 | .000 | – | .0 | .0 |
| 1950 | Chicago | 1 | – | .000 | .000 | – | .0 | .0 |
| 1952 | Indianapolis | 2 | 48.0 | .396 | .533 | 11.5 | 1.5 | 23.0 |
| 1953 | Indianapolis | 2 | 38.0 | .500 | .750 | 8.0 | .0 | 17.0 |
| 1956† | Philadelphia | 10 | 31.3 | .344 | .743 | 9.4 | 2.7 | 13.2 |
| 1957 | Philadelphia | 2 | 45.5 | .325 | .818 | 11.0 | 2.0 | 17.5 |
| 1958 | Philadelphia | 8 | 31.5 | .290 | .783 | 10.3 | 3.8 | 12.3 |
| 1960 | Philadelphia | 9 | 14.3 | .293 | .778 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 4.6 |
| 1961 | Philadelphia | 1 | 1.0 | .000 | .000 | .0 | .0 | .0 |
| 1962 | Syracuse | 4 | 6.0 | .143 | 1.000 | 1.0 | .0 | .8 |
| Career | Career | 40 | 25.8 | .328 | .735 | 7.1 | 1.8 | 9.7 |
# Charles Hezlet

Charles Owen Hezlet, DSO (16 May 1891 – 22 November 1965) was an Irish amateur golfer and part-time soldier. He was runner-up in the 1914 Amateur Championship and was in the British Walker Cup team in 1924, 1926 and 1928.

## Military career

Hezlet was commissioned into the part-time Antrim Royal Garrison Artillery (Special Reserve) in 1911, served during World War I and won a DSO while commanding a siege battery in 1918. He ended the war with the rank of major. The citation for his DSO, which appeared in The London Gazette in July 1918, reads as follows:
   For most conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty during an enemy attack. He kept his guns firing and encouraged his men until the enemy were within 300 yards of the battery. He remained at his post though the enemy's barrage had passed beyond the battery, and the machine-gun fire was very severe. Every round in the battery was fired. He gave a very fine example of coolness, courage and efficiency.
He was re-commissioned on the outbreak of World War II and on 1 December 1940 he took command of the newly-formed 66th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, at Belfast. Shortly afterwards he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel and commanded the regiment during the Belfast Blitz, He remained in command until May 1942, after the regiment had crossed to Kent to train for active service overseas.

## Golf career

In 1914 he was runner-up in the Amateur Championship, losing 3&2 to James Jenkins. He was also runner-up in the 1923 and 1925 Irish Amateur Open Championship and the 1923 Welsh Open Amateur Championship. He won the Irish Amateur Open Championship in 1926 and 1929 and was in the Walker Cup team in 1924, 1926 and 1928. He was also a member of a team of four amateurs that played in South Africa in 1927/28.

### Amateur wins

* 1920 Irish Amateur Close Championship
* 1926 Irish Amateur Open Championship
* 1929 Irish Amateur Open Championship

### Results in major championships

| Tournament | 1928 | 1929 | 1930 |
| The Open Championship | 17 | | CUT |
Note: Hezlet only played in the Open Championship.
CUT = missed the half-way cut

### Team appearances

Amateur
* Walker Cup (representing Great Britain): 1924, 1926, 1928

## Family

Hezlet had three sisters who were also well-known amateur golfers: May, Violet and Florence. Hezlet married Annie Maitland Stuart in 1920. She died of pneumonia in Cannes, France, in 1931 aged 30.
# Marwa Zein

Marwa Zein (Arabic: مروى زين) is a Sudanese film director, scriptwriter and film producer. She is the author of the 2019 documentary, Khartoum Offside, and an advocate of women's rights through her work. She is the founder of ORE Production, a Khartoum-based film production company and one of the seven young filmmakers selected from around the world to attend the Cannes Film Festival 2019 by the International Emerging Film Talent Association (IEFTA).

## Career

For her graduation project, Zein wrote, directed and produced the short documentary film, A Game, in 2009, translated into five languages and presented as an official selection in over 30 international festivals globally. At the 2016 Dubai International Film Festival (DIFF), her short film, One Week, Two Days!, starring Yasmin Raies and Amro Saleh, was premiered. It too was featured in various other film festivals.
In 2019, she completed a four-year long project, which she wrote and directed, a sports documentary called Khartoum Offside. It was globally premiered in the 2019 Berlinale Forum in Germany and was listed as one of three notable Sudanese films premiered in 2019 by Media Support. One central message of the film was stated in the introductory lines like this:
   “Under the current political Islamic military rule, women are not allowed to play football in Sudan – and we are not allowed to make films – but…”
In producing this film, she defied the Sudanese government's negative attitude towards women's involvement in filmmaking. Although she didn't encounter direct physical assault during the course of making this film, she received some threats of her camera or material possibly being destroyed. Finally, however, she received the necessary clearance for shooting this film. After the political changes brought about by the Sudanese revolution of 2018/19, the film was presented at the opening of the Sudan Independent Film Festival in Khartoum in January 2020.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2019 | Khartoum Offside | Director, Producer, Writer | Sports documentary |
| 2016 | One Week, Two Days! | Director, Writer | Short film, Drama |
| 2015 | What a lover can be? | Director, Producer | Documentary, Short film |
| 2013 | Culture for All | Director | Documentary, Short film |
| 2009 | A Game | Director, Writer, Co-producer | Short film, Drama |
| 2008 | Randa Shaath | Director, Writer, Producer | Documentary, Short film |

## Accolades

| Year | Event | Prize | Recipient | Result |
| 2020 | ASA | 2020 ASA Film Prize | Herself, for Khartoum Offside | Runner-up |
| 2019 | AMAA | Best Documentary | Herself, for Khartoum Offside | Won |
| 2019 | CFF | Best Documentary | Herself, for Khartoum Offside | Won |
| 2019 | Berlinale | Best Documentary | Herself, for Khartoum Offside | Nominated |
# Nicomedes (mathematician)

Nicomedes (/ˌnɪkəˈmiːdiːz/; Ancient Greek: Νικομήδης; c. 280 – c. 210 BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician.

## Life and work

Almost nothing is known about Nicomedes' life apart from references in his works. Studies have stated that Nicomedes was born in about 280 BC and died in about 210 BC. It is known that he lived around the time of Eratosthenes or after, because he criticized Eratosthenes' method of doubling the cube. It is also known that Apollonius of Perga called a curve of his creation a "sister of the conchoid", suggesting that he was naming it after Nicomedes' already famous curve. Consequently, it is believed that Nicomedes lived after Eratosthenes and before Apollonius of Perga.
Like many geometers of the time, Nicomedes was engaged in trying to solve the problems of doubling the cube and trisecting the angle, both problems we now understand to be impossible using the tools of classical geometry. In the course of his investigations, Nicomedes created the conchoid of Nicomedes; a discovery that is contained in his famous work entitled On conchoid lines. Nicomedes discovered three distinct types of conchoids, now unknown. Pappus wrote: "Nicomedes trisected any rectilinear angle by means of the conchoidal curves, the construction, order and properties of which he handed down, being himself the discoverer of their peculiar character".
Nicomedes also used the Hippias' quadratrix to square the circle, since according to Pappus, "For the squaring of the circle there was used by Dinostratus, Nicomedes, and certain other later persons a certain curve which took its name from this property, for it is called by them square-forming". Eutocius mentions that Nicomedes "prided himself inordinately on his discovery of this curve, contrasting it with Eratosthenes's mechanism for finding any number of mean proportionals, to which he objected formally and at length on the ground that it was impracticable and entirely outside the spirit of geometry".

## Citations and footnotes

* ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Conchoid" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 826–827.
* 1 2 3 Heath (1921)
# Tundla Assembly constituency

Tundla is one of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India. It is a part of the Firozabad district and one of the five assembly constituencies in the Firozabad Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 1974 after the delimitation order was passed in 1967. After the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order" was passed in 2008, the constituency was assigned identification number 95. The constituency is revered for candidates from SC community.

## Wards / Areas

Extent of Tundla Assembly constituency is Tundla Tehsil; KCs Narkhi , Nagla Beech (V) & Pachukhra of Firozabad Tehsil.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 1967 | Multan Singh | Samyukta Socialist Party |
| 1969 | Multan Singh | Bharatiya Kranti Dal |
| 1974 | Ramji Lal Kain | Indian National Congress |
| 1977 | Rajesh Kumar Singh | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Gulab Sehra | Indian National Congress (I) |
| 1985 | Ashok Sehra | Indian National Congress |
| 1989 | Om Prakash Diwakar | Janata Dal |
| 1991 | Om Prakash Diwakar | Janata Dal |
| 1993 | Ramesh Chandra Chanchal | Samajwadi Party |
| 1996 | Shiv Singh Chak | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2002 | Mohan Dev Shankhvar | Samajwadi Party |
| 2007 | Rakesh Babu | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2012 | Rakesh Babu | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2017 | S. P. Singh Baghel | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2020^ | Prempal Singh Dhangar | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2022 | Prempal Singh Dhangar | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election results
### 2022

2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Tundla :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | AAP | Bablu Singh Katheria | |
| | INC | | |
| | SP | | |
| | | TBD | |
| | | TBD | |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |
| | gain from | gain from | Swing |

### 2020

By Election, 2020: Tundla :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Prempal Singh Dhangar | 72,950 | 40.24 |
| | SP | Maharaj Singh Dhangar | 55,267 | 30.49 |
| | BSP | Sanjeev Kumar Chak | 41,010 | 22.62 |
| | JAP | Ashok Kumar | 4,953 | 2.73 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 17,683 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,81,328 | 50.20 |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing | |

### 2012

2012 General Elections: Tundla :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | BSP | Rakesh Babu | 67,949 | 32.79 | − |
| | SP | Akhlesh Kumar | 60,003 | 28.96 | − |
| | BJP | Shiv Singh Chak | 58,536 | 28.25 | − |
| | | Remainder 13 candidates | 20,725 | 10 | − |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 7,946 | 3.83 | − |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 207,213 | 63.52 | − |
| | BSP hold | BSP hold | Swing | | |