OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Caladenia saxicola

Caladenia saxicola, commonly known as the banded ironstone spider orchid, is a species of plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, hairy leaf and one or two dull creamy-white to pale yellow flowers with spreading lateral sepals and petals.

## Description

Caladenia saxicola is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber. It is sometimes found as a solitary plant or otherwise in small clumps. It has a single pale green, erect, hairy leaf 60–110 mm (2–4 in) long, 3–6 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide. One or two flowers 90–150 mm (4–6 in) long and 80–140 mm (3–6 in) wide are borne on a spike 17–35 mm (0.7–1 in) tall. The flowers are dull creamy-white to pale yellow with dark red lines and blotches. The dorsal sepal is erect, 60–80 mm (2–3 in) long, 2–3 mm (0.08–0.1 in) wide and curves slightly forwards. The sepals and petals are linear to lance-shaped near their base, then suddenly narrow to a purplish-black, thread-like tip covered with glandular hairs. The lateral sepals are 70–90 mm (3–4 in) long, 2–4 mm (0.08–0.2 in) wide and spread widely but curving downwards. The petals are 40–80 mm (2–3 in) long, 1–4 mm (0.04–0.2 in) wide and spread widely, usually curving gently upwards. The labellum is creamy yellow with red stripes, 14–18 mm (0.6–0.7 in) long, 6–9 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide with serrations on the sides. The tip of the labellum curves downwards and there are two rows of anvil-shaped calli up to 1.5 mm (0.06 in) long along its centre. Flowering occurs from late July to early September.

## Taxonomy and naming

Caladenia saxicola was first formally described by Andrew Brown and Garry Brockman in 2007 from a specimen collected near Coolgardie. The description was published in Nuytsia. The specific epithet (saxicola) is derived from the Latin word saxum meaning "rock"$^{:757}$ and the suffix -cola meaning "dweller in"$^{:48}$ referring to the rocky habitat where this species grows.

## Distribution and habitat

The banded ironstone spider orchid is found between Canna and Diemals in the Coolgardie and Yalgoo biogeographic regions where it mostly grows in seasonally moist soils on banded ironstone hills.

## Conservation

Caladenia saxicola is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
# Susan Pedersen (historian)

Susan Pedersen is a Canadian historian, and James P. Shenton Professor of the Core Curriculum at Columbia University. Pedersen focuses on 19th and 20th century British history, women's history, settler colonialism, and the history of international institutions.

## Life

Born a Canadian citizen and raised in Japan, she received her B.A. (1982) from Radcliffe College and both her M.A. (1983) and Ph.D (1989) from Harvard University, where she was also a professor and served as the university's Dean of Undergraduate Education. In the latter position, she defended the university against charges of excessive grade inflation.
Pedersen joined the Columbia faculty in 2003. Among her works is a biography of Eleanor Rathbone. She also recently completed a book on the mandate system of the League of Nations; in 2005 she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to assist with research on this project.
Susan Pedersen was Bosch Fellow in Public Policy at the American Academy in Berlin, for Spring 2009. She was elected a fellow of the British Academy in 2020.

## Works

* The Guardians: The League of Nations and the Crisis of Empire (Oxford University Press, 2015), winner of the 2015 Cundill Prize in Historical Literature.
* Caroline Elkins, Susan Pedersen (eds) Settler Colonialism in the Twentieth Century, Routledge, 2005, ISBN 0-415-94924-6, ISBN 978-0-415-94924-8
* Eleanor Rathbone and the Politics of Conscience. Yale UP. 2004. ISBN 978-0-300-10245-1.
* John Leonard Clive; Susan Pedersen; Peter Mandler, eds. (1994). After the Victorians: Private Conscience and Public Duty in Modern Britain. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-07056-0.
* Family, Dependence, and the Origins of the Welfare State: Britain and France, 1914-1945. Cambridge UP. 1993. ISBN 978-0-521-55834-1.
* "National Bodies, Unspeakable Acts: The Sexual Politics of Colonial Policy-making," The Journal of Modern History Vol. 63, No. 4, December 1991
* "Gender, Welfare, and Citizenship in Britain during the Great War," The American Historical Review Vol. 95, No. 4, October 1990
* "Hannah More Meets Simple Simon: Tracts, Chapbooks, and Popular Culture in Late Eighteenth-Century England," Journal of British Studies 25 (January 1986): 84-113.
* "The Messiah of Cadoxton," Granta 168, Spring 2024.
# Gillian Bibby

Gillian Margaret Bibby MNZM (31 August 1945 – 7 August 2023) was a New Zealand composer, pianist, writer and teacher.
Bibby was born in Lower Hutt, New Zealand on 31 August 1945, the daughter of the Reverend Lawrence Vincent Bibby and Margaret Valerie Bibby (née Davidson). She studied at the University of Otago and Victoria University of Wellington with Douglas Lilburn. She continued her studies in Berlin and Cologne with Aloys Kontarsky, Mauricio Kagel and Karlheinz Stockhausen.
In 1976, Bibby returned to New Zealand to take up a two year Mozart Fellowship at the University of Otago in Dunedin.
Bibby relocated to Wellington in 1978 and worked as a pianist, composer, music teacher and university lecturer.
Bibby was active in several music-related organisations, serving as president and chair, and founded the CHAMPS Trust to offer opportunities for youth in music. She was awarded the Philip Neill prize in composition, the Kranichsteiner prize in composition and the Darmstadt prize for new music.
In the 2020 New Year Honours, Bibby was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to music and music education.
Bibby died in Wellington on 7 August 2023, at the age of 77.

## Works

Selected works include:
* 11 Characters in Search of a Composer for orchestra or military band
* Aie! A Conversation Piece for tape
* Musik für drei Hörer (Music for 3 Listeners) for clavichord, voice, and percussion
* Sanctuary of Spirits, children's opera
* The Beasts, song cycle of 6 songs and 5 snatches
* You can't kiss the Tummy of a Caged Lion: Pavane pour un genre defunt for voices and chamber ensemble
Her music has been recorded and issued on CD, including:
* Life, Love and Death
* The Songs of the Morning: a story of music in early Antarctica
* Douglas Lilburn: Salutes to Poet
# Martinapis

Martinapis is a genus of long-horned bees in the family Apidae. There are at least three described species in Martinapis.

## Species

These three species belong to the genus Martinapis:
* Martinapis bipunctata (Friese, 1908)
* Martinapis luteicornis (Cockerell, 1896) (yellow-horned morning long-horned bee)
* Martinapis occidentalis Zavortink & LaBerge, 1976 (western morning long-horned bee)
# Lothian Chambers

Lothian Chambers, formerly Midlothian County Buildings, is a municipal structure on George IV Bridge in Edinburgh, Scotland. The structure, which accommodates the Consulate-General of France and the French Institute for Scotland, is a Category B listed building.

## History

Following the implementation of the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889, which established county councils in every county, it became necessary to find offices for Midlothian County Council. The new county council initially occupied the old county hall which had been built to a design by Archibald Elliot in 1816. However, the building had become dilapidated and the new county leaders decided to demolish the old building and to commission a new structure on the same site.
The new building was designed by James Macintyre Henry in the Palladian style, built in ashlar stone and was completed in 1904. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage with nine bays facing onto George IV Bridge; the central section of three bays, which projected forward, featured a doorway on the ground floor flanked by pairs of banded Doric order columns supporting an entablature with triglyphs and a segmental pediment. On the first floor, there was a tetrastyle portico formed by Ionic order columns supporting an entablature inscribed with the words "Midlothian County Buildings" and a pediment with fine carvings in the tympanum. The outer bays were fenestrated with sash windows which were augmented by voussoirs on the ground floor and by pediments on the first floor. At roof level, there was a balustrade. Internally, the principal room was a marble-floored assembly hall on the first floor.
An ornate frieze, designed by William Birnie Rhind and depicting the mining, agriculture and fishing industries, was installed high up on the rear elevation of the building which faced St Giles' Cathedral. An extension, which was connected to the main building by a tunnel, was designed by Sir Robert Matthew of Robert Matthew Johnson Marshall in the modernist style and erected on the opposite side of George IV Bridge in 1968.
Following the abolition of the county council, the building became the offices and meeting place of Lothian Regional Council in 1975. After the introduction of unitary authorities in 1996, the building became the responsibility of City of Edinburgh Council and was used for committee meetings of the new Scottish Parliament from 1999 until the new Scottish Parliament Building was opened in October 2004. It then became the local Registrar's Office as well as an approved venue for weddings and civil partnership ceremonies in 2007. Following a review in 2017, Edinburgh City Council decided that the building was surplus to requirements and, in 2018, the local Registrar's Office relocated to new premises at 253 High Street. The French Consulate-General and the French Institute for Scotland then relocated from their former premises in Randolph Crescent into Lothian Chambers.
# Kathleen Lynch (academic)

Kathleen Lynch (born 1951) is an Irish sociologist, activist and professor emeritus of equality studies at University College Dublin.

## Career

Lynch began her career as a social worker, working in North Dublin city. Her seminal work is a co-authored study with Anne Lodge, Equality and Power in Schools: Redistribution, Recognition, and Representation. It was a two-year study of twelve Irish schools, studying all aspects from streaming to sexual orientation. Lynch was involved in the establishment of the Equality Studies Centre in University College Dublin (UCD) in 1990. In 2005, she was involved in the creation of the UCD School of Social Justice. Her 2009 book, Affective Equality: Love Care and Injustice, was named one of Ireland's 100 best books by readers of The Irish Times.
With Ebun Joseph, Lynch co-founded the first Black Studies module in Ireland in 2018 at UCD. She helped in the establishment of the Egalitarian World Initiative Network (EWI), chairing the group, and led the EWI Marie Curie Transfer of Knowledge Award from 2006 to 2010.
Lynch was presented with a special award by the Irish Research Council in 2019 for her contributions to equality and participation studies. In 2020, Lynch was amongst a number of UCD academics who spoke out against proposed changes to its academic freedom policy. She was appointed as one of the commissioners to Irish Human Rights and Equality Commission in 2020.
Outside of her academic work, Lynch has worked with a number of non-governmental organisations and statutory bodies, both in Ireland and internationally, focusing on improving social justice and challenging inequalities. She consulted on the Commission on the Status of People With Disabilities report in the 1990s. She is a regular contributor to Irish television and radio speaking about issues of equality.

## Personal life

Lynch was born in County Clare. She is married to John Lynch.

## Selected publications

* Lynch, Kathleen; Lodge, Anne (2002). Equality and power in schools: redistribution, recognition, and representation. London New York: RoutledgeFalmer. ISBN 978-0-415-26806-6.
* Baker, John; Lynch, K.; Cantillon, Sara; Walsh, Judy (23 May 2016). Equality. London: Springer. ISBN 978-0-230-25041-3.
* Lynch, K.; Baker, J.; Lyons, M.; Feeley, Maggie; Hanlon, Niall; OBrien, Maeve; Walsh, Judy; Cantillon, Sara (30 April 2016). Affective Equality. Houndmills, Basingstoke New York: Springer. ISBN 978-0-230-24508-2.
* Lynch, Kathleen; Grummell, Bernie; Devine, D. (7 June 2012). New Managerialism in Education. Basingstoke: Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-00723-0.
* Lynch, Kathleen (9 December 2021). Care and Capitalism. Cambridge, UK Medford, MA: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-5095-4385-4.
# St. Gregory's Abbey, Three Rivers

St. Gregory's Abbey is an American monastic community of men living under the Rule of St. Benedict within the Episcopal Church. The abbey is located near Three Rivers in St. Joseph County, Michigan.

## History

In 1935, Rolland F. Severance and the Rev. Trevor Bacon joined a group of American Episcopalians who went to England to be trained by the Anglican Benedictines of Nashdom Abbey in Buckinghamshire. Severance was a professor of apologetics at Nashotah House, an Episcopal seminary. Canon Vivian A. Peterson, rector of St. James Anglican Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, raised funds to sponsor their studies.
Severance and Bacon returned to the US, and became life-professed monks; Severance taking the name Dom Paul, and Bacon taking Dom Francis. In 1939 they formed St. Gregory's House in Valparaiso, Indiana.
The monks initially gained their living by taking charge of three mission churches in Episcopal Diocese of Northern Indiana under Bishop Campbell Gray. The three missions were: St. Stephen's in Hobart, St. Andrew's in Valparaiso and St. Augustine's Episcopal Church (Gary, Indiana). The monks published a newsletter titled "Benedicite".
In 1946, the Abbot of Nashdom House advised them that as the community was relatively new, the monks needed to leave parish ministry to focus more on the monastic life. They moved to a farm near Three Rivers, Michigan; and the community grew considerably under the leadership of Dom Paul Severance. the cornerstone of the first priory building, the chapel, was laid on 20 October 1950.
For 30 years, the monastery was a dependency of Nashdom Abbey and relied on the careful shepherding of its abbots. In 1969 St. Gregory's became an independent abbey, and the community's prior, Benedict Reid, was elected first abbot. In 1989, Andrew Marr was elected as his successor.

## Monastic life

The center of the monastery’s life is the Abbey Church. The monks gather seven times a day in the church for the liturgy of the hours and Eucharist. Work, study and prayer are the main activities, with prayer being the most important. The conventual Eucharist is the center of each day. In the past, the monastery celebrated the Tridentine Mass in Latin, but Mass is now celebrated from the 1979 Book of Common Prayer and with the celebrant facing the congregation.
The monastery housework is done by the monks. This includes a good deal of outside work such as landscaping, gardening, and grounds maintenance.
There are classes for the monks, correspondence to answer, sermons, retreats, and special ministries to prepare for. Community members occasionally minister in parish churches and other religious houses, and retreats conducted at the abbey. The abbey has two guesthouses, and a cottage for guest stays of two days to one week. The frequency of external activities incidental to the normal life of a monk is regulated by the necessity of preserving Benedictine life.
# Gerardo Barbero

Gerardo Fabián Barbero (21 August 1961 – 4 March 2001) was an Argentine chess grandmaster. He was born in Lanús, Buenos Aires, and raised in Rosario, Santa Fe.
Barbero came fifth in the World Junior Chess Championship of 1978. He was Argentine champion in 1984 and played on board one for the Chess Olympiad team in 1990. He played six times for Argentina, between 1978 and 1994, at the Chess Olympiads. Barbero was awarded the title of Grandmaster in 1987.
In 1986 he moved to Budapest, Hungary, where he married Dr. Katalin Marietta Molnár and had a son, János Américo Barbero. His grandchildren are János Fabián Barbero and Miklós José Barbero. In Hungary, he developed a friendship with Bobby Fischer, who, according to GM Eugenio Torre, "liked Barbero". He died in Budapest of cancer in 2001.
The third chapter of Tibor Karolyi's 2009 book Genius in the Background is devoted to him.

## Sample game

Barbero had a win against Bent Larsen in Buenos Aires in 1991:
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 d5 4.Nc3 c6 5.e3 Nbd7 6.Qc2 Be7 7.b3 a6 8.Bd3 b5 9.0-0 0-0 10.e4 b4 11.Na4 dxe4 12.Bxe4 Bb7 13.Bg5 Nxe4 14.Bxe7 Qxe7 15.Qxe4 Rab8 16.c5 a5 17.Rfe1 Rbd8 18.a3 Nf6 19.Qh4 Ba6 20.axb4 axb4 21.Nb6 Bb5 22.Qf4 Rb8 23.Ne5 Rfd8 24.Re3 Rb7 25.g4 Ra7 26.Rae1 Ne8 27.g5 f6 28.Nf3 Nc7 29.gxf6 gxf6 30.Nh4 Qf7 31.Kh1 Kh8 32.Rg1 Qf8 33.Ng6+ hxg6 34.Rh3+ 1–0
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
# Bremecke (Möhne)

Bremecke is a river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is 2.4 km long and a left tributary of the Möhne.
# USS Buffalo (1813)

USS Buffalo was a block sloop in the United States Navy during the War of 1812. Buffalo was built in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, under the supervision of naval constructor Charles Penrose. Buffalo conducted her sea trials on 29 May 1813 and was commissioned soon thereafter, with Lt. Samuel Angus in command.

## Name

Buffalo was named for the American Bison, commonly referred to as buffalo, not the city of Buffalo on Lake Erie in western New York as later ships of her name were.

## History

Constructed for service with the Delaware Flotilla, a unit that Lt. Angus also commanded, Buffalo, which resembled a vessel loaded with shingles, saw her only action just weeks after commissioning. The morning of 29 July 1813 found the Delaware Flotilla lying off Dennis Creek, when Lt. Angus discovered that the British 18-gun sloop-of-war HMS Martin aground on the outer ridge of Crow's Shoals after chasing and capturing a small vessel too near the Overfalls.
Angus, thinking it "proper to endeavor to bring him [Martin] to action," ordered the flotilla, consisting of the block sloops USS Buffalo and USS Camel and eight gunboats, to weigh anchor and stand toward the enemy. As the American ships did so, however, the British 38-gun frigate HMS Junon anchored to support Martin.
The Americans, despite being plagued by poor gunpowder, delivered a brisk cannonade of the grounded sloop but did so from too great a distance. Likewise, while most of the enemy's shot missed Angus' ships, one passed through the foot of Buffalo's jib and another through the under part of her bowsprit. Only one other American ship, Gunboat No. 125, suffered any damage in the inconclusive, long-range engagement, although Gunboat No. 121 was captured after straying from the formation in disobedience to Angus' orders.
The court of inquiry that met on board Buffalo on 11 September 1813 found Angus guilty of an error in judgement but not of any lack of personal bravery. He had shown ample courage at other times in his career, both in the Quasi-War with France and in the War of 1812. The court felt that he might have moved his command closer to the grounded Martin which then might have been at the flotilla's mercy, given her condition.
Buffalo presumably spent the remainder of her career based at Philadelphia serving as a transport with the Delaware Flotilla. On 24 July 1816, the president of the Board of Navy Commissioners directed George Harrison, the Navy agent in Philadelphia, to sell Buffalo and three other ships. On 12 August 1816, she was sold to Bowers and Company for $1,100.
# List of odd-toed ungulates by population

This is a list of odd-toed ungulate species by estimated global population. This list misses data on Tapirus terrestris, which has not yet been estimated.
| Common name | Binomial name | Population | Status | Trend | Notes |
| Javan rhinoceros | Rhinoceros sondaicus | 68 | CR | | Maximum Estimate. It is only found in Ujung Kulon national park in the islands of Java, Indonesia. |
| Sumatran rhinoceros | Dicerorhinus sumatrensis | 34–47 | CR | | Maximum estimate. |
| Przewalski's horse | Equus ferus przewalskii | 178 | EN | | Wild numbers only. Previously extinct in the wild. |
| African wild ass | Equus africanus | 600 | CR | | Maximum estimate. A small population may still exist in Somalia. |
| Malayan tapir | Tapirus Indicus | 1,500–2,500 | EN | | |
| Grévy's zebra | Equus grevyi | 2,350 | EN | | |
| Mountain tapir | Tapirus pinchaque | 2,500 | EN | | Maximum estimate. |
| Indian rhinoceros | Rhinoceros unicornis | 3,588 | VU | | It increased from 75 in 1905 to 3,600 currently in 115 years. It is upgraded from endangered to vulnerable. |
| Black rhinoceros | Diceros bicornis | 3,142 | CR | | Four subspecies: Southern-central (2,220), South-western (1,920), Eastern (740), and Western (0; considered recently extinct). |
| Baird's tapir | Tapirus bairdii | 5,500 | EN | | Maximum estimate. |
| White rhinoceros | Ceratotherium simum | 10,080 | NT | | |
| Mountain zebra | Equus zebra | 26,500 | VU | Unknown | Two subspecies: Hartmann's (25,000) & Cape (1,500). |
| Onager | Equus hemionus | 28,000 | NT | | |
| Kiang | Equus kiang | 60,000–70,000 | LC | | |
| Plains zebra | Equus quagga | 500,000 | NT | | |
| Mule | Equus asinus x Equus caballus | 10,000,000 | Domesticated | | |
| Donkey | Equus africanus asinus | 40,000,000 | Domesticated | | |
| Horse | Equus ferus caballus | 58,000,000 | Domesticated | | |
# August De Winter

August Maria Christiaan De Winter (12 May 1925 – 30 July 2005) was a liberal Belgian politician of the PVV. Between 1965 and 1971, he was burgomaster of Grimbergen. He was State Secretary of the regional economy of Brussels in the government Tindemans-De Clercq (25 April 1974 – 3 June 1977) and State Secretary of the district of Brussels in the government Martens-III (18 May 1980 – 22 October 1980). De Winter ended his political career as a member of the European Parliament.
# Sinoboletus

Sinoboletus is a genus of fungi in the family Boletaceae.

## Taxonomy

Chinese mycologist Mu Zang, who circumscribed the genus in 1992 with Sinoboletus duplicatoporus as the type species, has been a coauthor on every subsequent described species. The genus name refers to the affiliation with Boletus, and its Chinese distribution. Zang considered the genus to be similar to Boletus or Xerocomus, but suggested that the unique stratified pore arrangement precluded placement in either of these genera.

## Description

Sinoboletus species produce caps that range in shape from hemispheric, to convex, to flattened. The cap surface is dry, with a tomentose texture. The flesh of the cap is either thin or thick. The golden yellow to yellow pore surface features crossveins that are arranged in two distinct layers. The pores, initially round, become angular or irregular in age. The club-shaped stipes have a dry surface, with striations at the top but no reticulations. Spores have an ovoid to ellipsoid shape.

## Habitat and distribution

Sinoboletus species are suspected to be mycorrhizal with members of the families Fagaceae and Pinaceae, particularly Castanea calathiformis, and Castanea fleuryi.

## Species

* Sinoboletus albidus – M.Zang & R.H.Petersen 2004
* Sinoboletus duplicatoporus – M.Zang 1992
    Found in Jingdong County, China, at an altitude of 2,350 m (7,710 ft).
* Sinoboletus fuscus – M.Zang & C.M.Chen 1998
* Sinoboletus gelatinosus – M.Zang & R.H.Petersen 2004
* Sinoboletus guizhouensis – M.Zang & X.L.Wu 1995
* Sinoboletus maekawae – M.Zang & R.H.Petersen 2001
    Found in Yunnan, China, at altitudes of 3,420 m (11,220 ft), growing under Abies georgei and Lithocarpus dealbatus.
* Sinoboletus magniporus – M.Zang 1992
    Found in Yunnan, Luchun County, at an altitude of 1,300 m (4,300 ft).
* Sinoboletus magnisporus – M.Zang & C.M.Chen 1998
* Sinoboletus meipengianus – M.Zang & D.Z.Zhang 2004
* Sinoboletus tengii – M.Zang & Yan Liu 2002
* Sinoboletus wangii – M.Zang, Zhu L.Yang & Y.Zhang 2006
    Yunnan Province, altitude 2,600 m (8,500 ft).