# Kangiara

Kangiara (/kæŋdʒiɑːrə/) is a locality, in the Yass Valley Council local government area, within the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. There was once a mining village of the same name.

## History
### Aboriginal and early settler history

The area now known as Kangiara lies on the traditional lands of Ngunnawal people. Kangiara is probably a settler rendering of an Aboriginal word, said to mean "a deep hole."
The area was included in the Nineteen Counties, in which colonial settlement was permitted by the colonial authorities. Desirable grazing land was taken up near Yass during the 1820s. The area now known as Kangiara had the advantage of lying near the Boorowa River.
Kangiara Station was a sheep grazing run in the area. It was settled by the Besnard family—probably by 1835, but by 1839, at the latest—and was a well-established operation by the end of the 1840s. It fronted Boorowa River and lay west of modern-day Lachlan Valley Way. It is likely that the locality took its name from this landholding.
All Saints Anglican Church (Tangmangaroo) dates from 1889.

### Mining

The area is part of the mineral-rich Lachlan Fold Belt. A mine that produced copper, lead, silver, and gold—Kangiara Copper Mine—operated from 1907 to 1918, although small scale mining appears to have occurred at Kangiara at least as early as 1903. In 1909, there were other mines working in the area, including the South Kangiara, North Kangiara, and the Kangiara Extended.
In 1911, two miners were killed in a blasting accident at the mine, another was seriously injured and died later in hospital. In 1912, a miner was killed in an accident.
During the 1920s, a flotation process plant was erected to process mine tailings—mainly to recover zinc—and two shafts were sunk in the area around Kangiara.
From 1952 to 1958, mining was revived by Lake George Mines, which also mined at Captains Flat. The main mine site was remediated in 1977. The area remains of interest for mining exploration.
The mines at Kangiara were a well known source of interesting mineral specimens, particularly Pyromorphite but also Malachite.

### Mining village

The village that grew as a result of the mining was situated just to the east of Lachlan Valley Way, opposite the mine site on the west side of that road. The village was near the intersection of the main road with modern-day Kangiara Road, a part of which was once called Park Road within the area of the village.
Kangiara was proclaimed a village in September 1909. In 1910, population had reached 500 and a licence for a hotel was granted. There was a public school, known as Kangiara Mines, there from 1910 to 1958. The village had a post office, known as Kangiara Mines until 1923, from 1909 to 1971, and a police station. The village had land allocated for a cemetery in 1909, but it remains uncertain that it was ever used; burials of Kangiara residents seem to have taken place at nearby Boorawa, Yass, or at All Saints Anglican Church (Tangmangaroo).
The First World War caused a slowing of mining, as much of the mine's output had previously gone to Germany. By 1915, the village had a Catholic church and a bakery, but its 14 occupied dwellings were described as "scattered" and deteriorating due to mainly being "built in primitive fashion, with iron roof and hessian walls." The village was in decline by the late 1930s but revived somewhat in the 1950s.

## Present day

Kangiara was assigned as the name of the locality in 1975. It is a quiet locality, with grazing the main occupation.
Part of the locality includes the Bango Wind Farm, a wind farm. Its construction began in August 2019 and it became fully operational in 2023. The absence of any significant population centres in the area was one factor in the project's approval.
Today all that remains of the mining village and its mine are the former general store and some houses in what is still known as Charles Street, some mine ruins and denuded land, and—perhaps—the village's cemetery. The unusual colour of the water, in a dam near the old mine site, is probably also a result of mining activity. To the south-east, 5.5km from the old village's site, is the Tangmangaroo Anglican church (All Saints) and its cemetery.

## Reference section

* ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Kangiara (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
* ↑ "Goulburn". New South Wales Electoral Commission. Retrieved 7 May 2016.
* ↑ "February 2016 Map of the Federal Electoral Division of Hume" (PDF). Commonwealth of Australia. February 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2019 – via ABC Australia.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Parish of Taunton, County of King [cartographic material]". Trove. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ Studies, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (12 July 2020). "Map of Indigenous Australia". aiatsis.gov.au. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "All About Sheep". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931). 2 December 1887. p. 6. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "OBITUARY". Yass Tribune-Courier (NSW : 1929 - 1954). 7 July 1955. p. 6. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Family Notices". Yass Courier (NSW : 1857 - 1929). 8 December 1913. p. 2. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
* ↑ "Advertising". Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842). 13 May 1839. p. 3. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Advertising". Goulburn Herald and County of Argyle Advertiser (NSW : 1848 - 1859). 1 September 1849. p. 7. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* 1 2 "Australian Cemeteries Index - Cemetery 422 - Tangmangaroo Anglican". austcemindex.com. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* 1 2 3 "Kangiara Copper Mine, King Co., New South Wales, Australia". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "THE KANGIARA MINE". Yass Courier (NSW : 1857 - 1929). 5 May 1903. p. 2. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "KANGIARA MINES". Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954). 11 March 1909. p. 9. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Kangiara Gold Field". Australian Town and Country Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1870 - 1919). 2 November 1904. p. 53. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Mining". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 28 May 1909. p. 6. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "South Kangiara Mine, King Co., New South Wales, Australia". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "THE KANGIARA LODE". Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954). 19 May 1909. p. 11. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Shocking Accident at Kangiara". Burrowa News. 26 May 1911. p. 2. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
* ↑ "Kangiara Accident". Burrowa News. 27 December 1912. p. 2. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
* ↑ "KANGIARA". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 12 November 1926. p. 4. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "KANGIARA MINE". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 29 January 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "KANGIARA". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 4 February 1927. p. 4. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* 1 2 3 "Map of Kangiara Mine in New South Wales - Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia". www.bonzle.com. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Kangiara - Sky Metals". www.skymetals.com.au. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Malachite from Kangiara Copper Mine, King Co., New South Wales, Australia". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
* ↑ "Pyromorphite". www.crystalclassics.co.uk. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
* ↑ "KANGIARA". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931). 12 February 1909. p. 3. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Charles St, Kangiara". Google Maps. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "PROCLAMATION". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (Sydney, NSW : 1901 - 2001). 15 September 1909. p. 5102. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Hotel at Kangiara". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 29 April 1910. p. 6. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Kangiara (mines)". nswgovschoolhistory.cese.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "KANGIARA POST OFFICE". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 29 January 1915. p. 4. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* 1 2 "Kangiara". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 15 January 1915. p. 2. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Local and General". Yass Courier (NSW : 1857 - 1929). 19 October 1916. p. 2. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "View Post Office Details - Kangiara". www.phoenixauctions.com.au. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
* ↑ "View Post Office Details - Kangiara Mines". www.phoenixauctions.com.au. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
* ↑ "NOTICE". New South Wales Police Gazette and Weekly Record of Crime (Sydney : 1860 - 1930). 14 February 1912. p. 67. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* 1 2 "Australian Cemeteries Index - Cemetery 1641 - Kangiara". austcemindex.com. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* 1 2 "Satellite View 34°35'52.7"S 148°44'56.4"E · Cemetery Site - Kangiara NSW 2582, Australia". Google Maps. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
* ↑ "Accident at Kangiara". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 20 December 1912. p. 2. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
* ↑ "Obituary". Burrowa News (NSW : 1874 - 1951). 6 June 1919. p. 2. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
* ↑ "OBITUARY". Yass Tribune-Courier (NSW : 1929 - 1954). 24 April 1947. p. 2. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
* ↑ "THE KANGIARA BLASTING FATALITY". Yass Courier (NSW : 1857 - 1929). 29 May 1911. p. 2. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
* ↑ "Kangiara Village". Yass Tribune-Courier (NSW : 1929 - 1954). 15 March 1937. p. 2. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "KANGIARA". Yass Tribune-Courier (NSW : 1929 - 1954). 7 July 1955. p. 9. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES ACT, 1966". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (Sydney, NSW : 1901 - 2001). 10 October 1975. pp. 4195, 4196. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ Mazengarb, Michael (12 August 2019). "Huge Bango wind farm gets underway, to provide cheap power to Snowy Hydro". Renew Economy. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
* ↑ Ltd, Spicy Web Pty (7 July 2023). "Bango Wind Farm, NSW". Squadron Energy. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
* ↑ "Bango Wind Farm Assessment Report" (PDF). NSW Government - Planning & Environment. February 2008.
* ↑ "Bango Wind Farm – Creating value & opportunity through renewable energy projects". bangowindfarm.com.au. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "10 Charles Street, Kangiara, NSW 2582". www.yassfirstnational.com.au. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "YASS VALLEY LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN 2013 - SCHEDULE 5". classic.austlii.edu.au. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
* ↑ "Satellite View - Charles St". Google Maps. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
* ↑ "Satellite View - 34°36'12.1"S 148°45'01.6"E · Kangiara NSW 2582, Australia". Google Maps. Retrieved 10 May 2024.