OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blue Sapphire Stakes

The Blue Sapphire Stakes is a Melbourne Racing Club Group 3 Thoroughbred horse race held over 1200 metres at set weights for three-year-old horses at Caulfield Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia. Total prize money for the race is A$500,000.

## History

The current rendition of The Blue Sapphire Stakes was inaugurated in 2012 with prizemoney of A$$250,000. Originally, from 2005 the MRC scheduled a two-year-old race in May known as the Blue Sapphire Classic. However, the MRC decided to re-format their Melbourne Spring Racing Carnival in 2012 by adding a new three-year-old race for sprinters. Entries which were nominated for the Blue Diamond Stakes earlier in the year as two-year-olds were automatically nominated for this event.
In 2012 the race was held on Caulfield Guineas day but since 2014 the race was moved to the second day of the carnival, the Wednesday meeting.

### Grade

* 2014–15 - Listed Race
* 2016 - Group 3

### Distance

* 2005 onwards – 1200 metres

### Name

For two-year-olds:
* 2005–07 - Blue Sapphire Classic
* 2008–11 - Blue Sapphire Stakes
* 2012 - Redoute's Choice Stakes
* 2013 - Catanach's Jewellers Stakes
For three-year-olds:
* 2012 onwards - Catanach's Jewellers Blue Sapphire Stakes

## Winners
### Three year old

Event held during the MRC Spring Racing Carnival.
* 2024 - Pisces
* 2023 - Run Harry Run
* 2022 - Grand Impact
* 2021 - Extreme Warrior
* 2020 - Ranting
* 2019 - Anaheed
* 2018 - Written By
* 2017 - Formality
* 2016 - Flying Artie
* 2015 - Keen Array
* 2014 - Eloping
* 2013 - Lion Of Belfort
* 2012 - Snitzerland

### Two year old (2005– )

From 2012 the race retained the Listed grading but was reregistered as the Redoute's Choice Stakes and is held in late April or early May.
* 2011 - City Of Song
* 2010 - Smokin' Joey
* 2009 - Black Caviar
* 2008 - Gold in Dubai
* 2007 - Emjay Hussay
* 2006 - Green Birdie
* †2005 - Readyforcatherine
† Run at Sandown Racecourse Hillside track
# Juan Carlos Blanco Fernández

Juan Carlos Blanco Fernández (15 September 1847 – 13 January 1910) was a Uruguayan political figure and education advocate.

## Background

He was closely identified with the Colorado and Constitutional Parties.
He married Luisa Acevedo Vásquez, daughter of the prominent jurist Eduardo Acevedo Maturana. His son Daniel Blanco Acevedo was to become a Deputy for Montevideo. His son Juan Carlos Blanco Acevedo was himself to become Foreign Minister of Uruguay. His grandson Juan Carlos Blanco Estradé was also to become Foreign Minister of Uruguay.

## Political offices

He was Foreign Minister of Uruguay in 1886. He served as the President of the Senate of Uruguay from 1901 to 1902.
He had been elected to serve as Deputy for Montevideo in 1873.

## Other notable activities

He was identified with the cause of education reform in Uruguay and was a close associate of Pedro Varela and others in this field.
He was President of the Bank of the Republic 1907–1910.

## Death

He died in 1910.
# Douglas Rowe

Douglas Rowe (1938 – May 13, 2023) was an American actor.

## Early life and career

Rowe was born in Paterson, New Jersey in 1938. He was mostly a character and supporting actor. Rowe appeared in films such as The Incident (1990) and Appointment with Fear (1985); his character as the off-beat, seedy looking detective in Appointment with Fear was described as a "maniac detective inspired by Dirty Harry." On television he appeared in the Star Trek: The Next Generation, episode "The Outrageous Okona." In the 1990s he appeared as a Proprietor in Murder She Wrote, portrayed Dr. Arndt in ER and Ricky in Northern Exposure and pilot Aylesworth in M*A*S*H. He played Governor Brubaker's attendant in "The Wild Wild West" S3 E12 "The Night of the Legion of Death" which aired 11/22/1967.

### Theater

Rowe was managing director of the Laguna Playhouse from 1964 to 1966, and served as artistic director from 1976 to 1991. Rowe is also a prolific stage actor, starring in productions of Death of a Salesman, Caesar and Cleopatra, Our Town and As You Like It.

### Death

Rowe died in Medford, Oregon on May 13, 2023, at the age of 85.
# Chlamydocapsa

Chlamydocapsa is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Chlorophyceae.
Chlamydocapsa consists of cells similar in structure to Chlamydomonas, although vegetative cells lack flagella and are therefore not motile. Cells are in colonies of two, four, eight, or more (rarely solitary) and are embedded in concentric layers of mucilage. The cells are spherical to ovoid or ellipsoid, with two contractile vacuoles a single cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid. Reproduction occurs by the formation of zoospores with two flgaella.
Chlamydocapsa is a common and widespread genus in fresh waters. However, it is unclear whether this genus is taxonomically valid, as it may simply be a nonmotile ("palmelloid") life stage of the genus Chlamydomonas.
# Arne Blomqvist

Arne Edvard Blomqvist (13 July 1921 – 22 April 2009) was a Swedish footballer who played as a defender. He made 52 Allsvenskan appearances for Djurgården scoring 1 goal. Blomqvist died on 22 April 2009, at the age of 87.
# Sophronica fuscoapicalis

Sophronica fuscoapicalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1955.
# Kraburi River

The Kraburi River (Thai: แม่น้ำกระบุรี, RTGS: Maenam Kra Buri, pronounced; Burmese: မြစ်ကြီးနား, BGN/PCGN: myitkyina, Kyan River), also Kra (Thai: กระ) or Pak Chan River (Thai: แม่น้ำปากจั่น), is the boundary river between Thailand and Myanmar at the Kra Isthmus of the Malay Peninsula. The river has its source in the Tenasserim Hills and flows into the Andaman Sea near the Thai town of Ranong and Kawthaung (Victoria Point), Myanmar.
At its mouth, the river is a 6-kilometre (3.7 mi) wide tidal estuary, which contains the largest preserved mangrove forests of Thailand. It is a protected area. Lam Nam Kraburi National Park covers most of the Thai side of the estuary, while the Ranong Biosphere Reserve and the Laemson Ramsar Site include areas to the south.
The sovereignty of three Andaman Sea islands at the river's mouth remain disputed. The standing agreement, negotiated in February 1982, left undetermined the status of Ginga Island (Ko Lam), Ko Kham, and Ko Ki Nok at the mouth of the Kraburi River (Pak Chan River). Subsequent negotiations in 1985, 1989, and 1990 made no progress. The two parties have designated the islands as "no man's land". Ongoing tensions in the area resulted in minor clashes in 1998, 2003, and 2013.
# Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation

The Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (DNP), Thai: กรมอุทยานแห่งชาติ สัตว์ป่า และพันธุ์พืช) is an agency of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Its headquarters are in Chatuchak District, Bangkok. Since February 2016 the director-general of the DNP has been Thanya Netithammakun. In FY2018 DNP's budget is 11,574 million baht.

## History

The DNP was established in 2002, assuming management of Thailand's national parks previously managed by the Royal Forest Department of the Ministry of Agriculture.

## Financials

DNP income is derived from entrance fees at national parks. The costs of managing Thailand's national parks are met through the government's central budget, as well as by park entrance fees. As of 2016, admission to national parks is 60 baht for Thais and 300 baht for foreigners. During the first 11 months of its 2016 fiscal year starting October 2015, DNP revenues totaled 1.82 billion baht, almost doubling as compared with 2015. Revenue in 2011 was 496 million baht. It declined to 366 million baht in 2012, a year of severe flooding in Thailand. The figure rose to 622 million baht in 2013, 696 million baht in 2014, and 896 million baht in 2015. Officials attribute the sharp increase in FY2016 to more visitors, especially Chinese tourists, and more staff assigned to collect entrance fees.

## Initiatives

In mid-2018, DNP launched a program to ban plastic bags, Styrofoam containers, plastic cutlery, and plastic straws in Thailand's 154 national parks. The initial goal is to reduce plastic waste by three million pieces. Park vendors may not use plastics and park visitors will be prohibited from bringing single-use plastic items into the parks.
# Water for injection

Water for injection is water of extra high quality without significant contamination. A sterile version is used for making solutions that will be given by injection. Before such use other substances generally must be added to make the solution isotonic. Isotonic solutions containing water for injection can be given by injection into a vein, muscle, or under the skin. A non-sterile version may be used in manufacturing with sterilization occurring later in the production process.

## Side effects and mechanisms

The primary use of sterile water for injection is as an ingredient for dilution of other medications (aseptic preparation of parenteral solutions). If it is given by injection into a vein without making it approximately isotonic, breakdown of red blood cells may occur. This can then result in kidney problems. Excessive amount may also result in fluid overload. Water for injection is generally made by distillation or reverse osmosis. It should contain less than a mg of elements other than water per 100 ml. Versions with agents that stop bacterial growth are also available.
In the UK, some hospitals offer subcutaneous injections of water directly for treating back pain in labour. It is controversial, with some claiming it is pseudoscience. Because sterile water is not isotonic, its injection causes acute pain. One purported mechanism of action is to induce acute local pain to compete directly with diffuse back pain through a mechanism called diffuse noxious inhibitory control; another hypothesis is instead that the acute pain releases endorphins. A review and meta-analysis in 2009 found the benefits of its use inconclusive.

## History and culture

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Water for injection is available over the counter in the United States.

## Other names

Water for injection is also known as aqua ad iniectabilia or aqua ad injectionem.
# 2024 FIA Motorsport Games Touring Car Cup

The 2024 FIA Motorsport Games Touring Car Cup was the third FIA Motorsport Games Touring Car Cup, held at Circuit Ricardo Tormo, Spain on 23 October to 27 October 2024. The race was contested with TCR Touring Car spec cars. The event was part of the 2024 FIA Motorsport Games.

## Entry list

| Team | Entrant | Car | No. | Driver |
| Team France | SP Competition | Cupra León VZ TCR | 7 | Aurélien Comte |
| Team Sweden | TPR Motorsport | Honda Civic Type R TCR (FL5) | 17 | Jonathan Engström |
| Team Spain | Monlau Motorsport | Cupra León VZ TCR | 19 | Eric Gené |
| Team Argentina | GOAT Racing | Honda Civic Type R TCR (FL5) | 23 | Ignacio Montenegro |
| Team Belgium | SP Competition | Cupra León VZ TCR | 34 | Giovanni Scamardi |
| Team Canada | GOAT Racing | Audi RS 3 LMS TCR (2021) | 38 | Megan Tomlinson |
| Team Denmark | TPR Motorsport | Honda Civic Type R TCR (FL5) | 41 | René Povlsen |
| Team Czech Republic | Janik Motorsport | Hyundai Elantra N TCR | 68 | Adam Kout |
| Team Bangladesh | GOAT Racing | Honda Civic Type R TCR (FL5) | 71 | Avik Anwar |
| Team Brazil | Monlau Motorsport | Cupra León VZ TCR | 77 | Raphael Reis |
| Team Germany | Mertel Motorsport | Honda Civic Type R TCR (FL5) | 82 | René Kircher |
| Team Indonesia | ALM Motorsport | Honda Civic Type R TCR (FL5) | 86 | Umar Abdullah |
| Team Türkiye | Texaco Team AMS | Audi RS 3 LMS TCR (2021) | 95 | Zekai Özen |
| Team Italy | GOAT Racing | Honda Civic Type R TCR (FL5) | 99 | Marco Butti |
| Team Great Britain | Jenson Brickley Racing | Cupra León VZ TCR | 246 | Jenson Brickley |
# The Six Teens (song)

"The Six Teens" (often spelled as "The Sixteens") is a 1974 song by British glam rock band Sweet, written by Nicky Chinn and Mike Chapman, appearing on Sweet's album Desolation Boulevard. The song was Sweet's first single simply as "Sweet" (previously, the band was known as The Sweet). The B-side is the band composition "Burn on the Flame".

## Background

The song references six teenagers growing up in the revolutionary rhetoric of the 1960s. The song was the penultimate single written by Chinn and Chapman for the band and the last on which long-time producer Phil Wainman assisted.
The song features softer acoustic verses contrasted with heavier electric guitar-based choruses and was regarded something of a significant departure from the band's glam rock sound heard on previous singles. Guitarist Andy Scott, when introducing the song in his current band's live show, often states he regards it as Chinn and Chapman's best work.

## Chart positions

The single reached the top 10 in several European countries, and was the band's 10th #1 in Denmark.
| Chart (1974) | Peak position |
| Australia | 48 |
| Austria | 9 |
| Denmark | 1 |
| Finland | 8 |
| Germany | 4 |
| Ireland | 15 |
| Netherlands | 7 |
| Norway | 7 |
| Switzerland | 6 |
| United Kingdom | 9 |

## Personnel

* Brian Connolly - lead vocals
* Steve Priest - bass guitar, backing vocals, additional lead vocals,
* Andy Scott - guitars, backing vocals
* Mick Tucker - drums, backing vocals

## Legacy

The Vinyl District referred to the song as "a bona fide lost glam classic".
# Blit (computer terminal)

Blit is a programmable raster graphics computer terminal designed by Rob Pike and Bart Locanthi Jr. of Bell Labs and released in 1982.

## History

The Blit programmable bitmap graphics terminal was designed by Rob Pike and Bart Locanthi Jr. of Bell Labs in 1982. The Blit technology was commercialized by AT&T and Teletype. In 1984, the DMD (dot-mapped display) 5620 was released, followed by models 630 MTG (multi-tasking graphics) in 1987 and 730 MTG in 1989. The 5620 used a Western Electric 32100 processor (aka Bellmac 32) and had a 15" green phosphor display with 800×1024×1 resolution (66×88 characters in the initial text mode) interlaced at 30 Hz. The 630 and 730 had Motorola 68000 processors and a 1024×1024×1 monochrome display at 60 Hz (most had amber displays, but some had white or green displays).
The folk etymology for the Blit name is that it stands for Bell Labs Intelligent Terminal, and its creators have also joked that it actually stood for Bacon, Lettuce, and Interactive Tomato. However, Rob Pike's paper on the Blit explains that it was named after the second syllable of bit blit, a common name for the bit-block transfer operation that is fundamental to the terminal's graphics. Its original nickname was Jerq, inspired by a joke used during a demo of a Three Rivers' PERQ graphic workstation and used with permission.

## Functionality

When initially switched on, the Blit looked like an ordinary textual "dumb" terminal, although taller than usual. However, after logging into a Unix host (connected to the terminal through a serial port), the host could (via special escape sequences) load software to be executed by the processor of the terminal. This software could make use of the terminal's full graphics capabilities and attached peripherals such as a computer mouse. Normally, users would load the window systems mpx (or its successor mux), which replaced the terminal's user interface by a mouse-driven windowing interface, with multiple terminal windows all multiplexed over the single available serial-line connection to the host.
Each window initially ran a simple terminal emulator, which could be replaced by a downloaded interactive graphical application, for example a more advanced terminal emulator, an editor, or a clock application. The resulting properties were similar to those of a modern Unix windowing system; however, to avoid having user interaction slowed by the serial connection, the interactive interface and the host application ran on separate systems—an early implementation of distributed computing.

## Window systems

Pike wrote two window systems for the Blit, mpx for 8th Edition Unix and mux for 9th Edition, both sporting a minimalistic design. The design of these influenced the later Plan 9 window systems 8½ and rio. When the Blit was commercialized as the DMD 5620, a variant of mpx called "layers" was added to SVR3.
9front (a Plan 9 fork) contains a Blit emulator that runs its original firmware, which can be used with mux (available in recently released Research Unix v8).
# Khadijah Mellah

Khadijah Mellah (born 2000) was the first hijab-wearing jockey in a competitive British horse race. Despite being new to horse-racing, she won the Magnolia Cup on her mount Haverland.
Mellah's story was the subject of the TV documentary Riding the Dream first broadcast on 16 November 2019.

## Background

Mellah was born in Peckham, the daughter of Ali Mellah and his wife, Selma. Her parents were, respectively, from Algeria and Kenya. Mellah was always keen to ride, and her mother saw a leaflet in the local mosque offering riding (mainly ponies) at the Ebony Horse Club in Brixton; she started riding in 2012.
Followed by a camera crew she began riding a thoroughbred horse in April 2019. She was also sitting her A-levels at Sydenham High School at this time. The documentary makers had no idea that she would win the race; the documentary was primarily aimed at showing the diversity of activities available to disadvantaged communities in London.
Mellah was chosen to represent the club at a charity race. She had to undertake two months of intensive training at the British Racing School, at Newmarket. This included ensuring her own physical fitness and bonding with the horse.
The race, the Magnolia Cup, is an all-women charity race. It was held on 1 August 2019 at Goodwood racecourse.
Before the race started, the odds on Haverland were 25:1. Mellah was both the youngest and by far the least-experienced jockey of the 12-strong field, who included Victoria Pendleton, Luisa Zissman and Vogue Williams.
The 5.5-furlong race saw Haverland boxed-in mid-way, but with two furlongs to go an opening appeared to the left and Haverland was guided past the four leading horses to a photo-finish. Around 15 seconds later Haverland was declared the winner. Mellah received applause in the winners enclosure.
Mellah, who was in the midst of her A-levels at the beginning of the ordeal, went on to study Mechanical Engineering at Brighton University. In November 2019 she won The Times Young Sportswoman of the Year for her achievements. She also often enjoys reading dystopian thrillers, it is one of her ways of relieving stress.

## Filming

The drama of the event was hugely enhanced by the "jockey's eye view" afforded by helmet-mounted dashcams on all riders in the race. This film footage also records Mellah's emotional words as she realises she is going to win.
The documentary premièred at the Ritzy Cinema in Brixton, with Mellah, the club patron Oliver Bell and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall as guests, prior to its TV screening.
# Siege of Gerona

Siege of Gerona may refer to:
* Conquest of Girona (785) [ca], part of the creation of the Marca Hispanica
* Siege of Girona (793) [ca], part of the creation of the Marca Hispanica
* Siege of Girona (827) [ca], part of the revolt of Aisso
* Siege of Girona (1285) [ca], part of the Aragonese Crusade
* Siege of the citadel of Girona (1462) [ca; es], part of the Catalan Civil War
* Siege of Girona (1653) [ca; fr], part of the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)
* Siege of Girona (1684) [ru], part of the War of the Reunions
* Siege of Girona (1694) [ca], part of the War of the Grand Alliance
* Siege of Girona (1710–1711), part of the War of the Spanish Succession
* Siege of Girona (1712–1713) [ca], part of the War of the Spanish Succession
* First siege of Girona (Peninsular War) (1808)
* Second siege of Girona (Peninsular War) (1808)
* Third siege of Girona (Peninsular War) (1809)
# Luciano Alfieri

Luciano Alfieri (30 March 1936 – 2 February 2024) was an Italian footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics. Alfieri died on 2 February 2024, at the age of 87.
# Giuseppe Volpi (sailor)

Giuseppe Volpi (born 13 May 1908, date of death unknown) was an Italian sailor. He competed in the mixed 6 metres at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Mashhad-e Kaveh

Mashhad-e Kaveh (Persian: مشهد كاوه) is a village in, and the capital of, Kaveh Ahangar Rural District of the Central District of Chadegan County, Isfahan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 2,822 in 658 households. The following census in 2011 counted 3,012 people in 815 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 2,975 people in 910 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.

## Kaveh the Blacksmith

The Iranian hero and the myth Kaveh the Blacksmith is believed to originate from Mashhad-e Kaveh. It is believed he was born on January 12 some 5000 years ago. His birth certificate at his grave in Mashhad e Kaveh, is a poem from the Safavid dynasty era, indicating Kaveh’s birthday is two months and a week before the Nowrooz night, thus it must be January 12. His birthday is a celebration day for friendship and justice.
# Fissile Peak

Fissile Peak, formerly known as Red Mountain, is a mountain peak located on the eastern side of Cheakamus Lake southeast of Whistler in Garibaldi Provincial Park of British Columbia, Canada. The mountain is composed of red slate which is easily divided into thin sheets of uniform thickness; in geological terms this feature is known as fissility.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Fissile Peak is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Coast Mountains where they are forced upward by the range (Orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall. As a result, the Coast Mountains experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. The months July through September offer the most favorable weather for climbing Fissile Peak.

## Gallery

* Northwest aspect of Fissile Peak and Whirlwind Peak (behind, right) in winter.
* Russet Lake, Fissile Peak
* Fissile Peak in spring
# SRT-1720

SRT-1720 is an experimental drug that was studied by Sirtris Pharmaceuticals intended as a small-molecule activator of the sirtuin subtype SIRT1. The compound has been studied in animals, but safety and efficacy in humans have not been established.

## Animal research

In animal models of obesity and diabetes SRT1720 was found to improve insulin sensitivity and lower plasma glucose levels in fat, muscle and liver tissue, and increase mitochondrial and metabolic function. In mice rendered obese and diabetic by feeding a high-fat, high-sugar diet, a study performed at the National Institute of Aging found that feeding chow infused with the highest dose of SRT1720 beginning at one year of age increased mean lifespan by 18%, and maximum lifespan by 5%, as compared to other short-lived obese, diabetic mice; however, treated animals still lived substantially shorter lives than normal-weight mice fed normal chow with no drug. In a later study, SRT1720 increased mean lifespan of obese, diabetic mice by 21.7%, similar to the earlier study, but there was no effect on maximum lifespan in this study. In normal-weight mice fed a standard rodent diet, SRT1720 increased mean lifespan by just 8.8%, and again had no effect on maximum lifespan.
Since the discovery of SRT1720, the claim that this compound is a SIRT1 activator has been questioned and further defended.
Although SRT1720 is not currently undergoing clinical development, a related compound, SRT2104, reached Phase II human trials for metabolic diseases.