OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gulp (river)

The Gulp (Dutch:, Limburgish:; French: Galoppe) is a 21 kilometres (13 mi) long river in eastern Belgium and southeastern Netherlands. It flows through the Belgian provinces of Liège and Limburg, and the Dutch province of Limburg. It is a strongly meandering, fast flowing, left-bank tributary of the Geul river. Because of it strong meanders, it is difficult to determine its exact length.
During Roman times, the river was called Galopia or Gulippa, meaning little Geul or upper brook. The Gulp is a real trout stream: flowing fast and rich in oxygen. Brown trout are abundant. The landscape of the narrow Gulp valley resembles much the valley of the Geul: a fascinating mixture of deciduous forests, meadows, farmland, muddy banks, stream pools, orchards and holle wegen (eroded dirt roads).

## Flow

The source is in Henri-Chapelle. It joins the Geul near Gulpen, overlooked by motte-and-bailey castle Gracht Burggraaf. It flows through the villages Hombourg, Teuven (both in Belgium), Slenaken and Gulpen (both in the Netherlands).
From its source in Henri-Chapelle, a village of the municipality of Welkenraedt, province of Liège it runs in a northwestern direction across the Dutch border, after which it flows into the Geul. This happens near a motte-and-bailey castle called "Burggraaf" at Gulpen, where also the Eyserbeek river joins the Geul from the opposite bank. This is the place and municipality to which it evidently gets its name.
# Ettore Pastorelli

Ettore Pastorelli (born 24 May 1966) is an Italian former racing cyclist. Professional from 1988 to 1992, he won the opening stage of the 1988 Vuelta a España, taking the leader's jersey for the folliwng day in the process.

## Major results
### 1988

    Vuelta a España
       1st Stage 1
       Held after Stage 1

### 1989

    4th Trofeo Luis Puig

### 1990

    9th Giro della Provincia di Reggio Calabria

### 1991

    6th Philadelphia International Cycling Classic

### 1992

    1st Stage 6b Vuelta a la Argentina
    5th Milano–Vignola
# Kiyoto Kagawa

Kiyoto Kagawa (香川 清登, Kagawa Kiyoto, 11 December 1895 – 26 November 1943) was a rear admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.

## Biography

Kagawa was born in Hiroshima. He graduated from the 46th class of the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy, ranked 53rd out of 124 cadets. He served as midshipman on the cruiser Azuma, and as ensign on the cruiser Aso and destroyers Ariake and Susuki. After his promotion to lieutenant, and tours of duty aboard the battleship Fusō and cruiser Natori, Kagawa attended advanced navigational training courses at the Naval War College (Japan). On graduation and after promotion to lieutenant commander in 1930, he was assigned as chief navigator on a number of ships, including the cruisers Yūbari and Takao, and battleship Fusō. He received his first command — the destroyer Fubuki — on 16 November 1936. He then was captain of the destroyer Shionome and executive officer of the cruiser Ōi.
Kagawa was promoted to captain on 15 October 1941, and after a series of staff positions, was appointed commander of the 31st Destroyer Group (Desdiv 31) on 12 February 1943. Kagawa's group consisted of the destroyers Ōnami (flagship), Makinami, Amagiri, Yūgiri and Uzuki. During the Battle of Cape St. George on 26 November 1943, Onami was sunk and Kagawa was killed in action. He was posthumously promoted to rear admiral.

## Sources

* Brown, David (1990). Warship Losses of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-914-X.
* D'Albas, Andrieu (1965). Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II. Devin-Adair Pub. ISBN 0-8159-5302-X.
* Dull, Paul S. (1978). A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1941-1945. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-097-1.
* Hara, Tameichi (1961). Japanese Destroyer Captain. New York & Toronto: Ballantine Books. ISBN 0-345-27894-1.
* Jones, Ken (1997). Destroyer Squadron 23: Combat Exploits of Arleigh Burke's Gallant Force. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-412-1.
* Kilpatrick, C. W. (1987). Naval Night Battles of the Solomons. Exposition Press. ISBN 0-682-40333-4.
* McGee, William L. (2002). "Bougainville Campaign". The Solomons Campaigns, 1942-1943: From Guadalcanal to Bougainville--Pacific War Turning Point, Volume 2 (Amphibious Operations in the South Pacific in WWII). BMC Publications. ISBN 0-9701678-7-3.
* Morison, Samuel Eliot (1958). Breaking the Bismarcks Barrier, vol. 6 of History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. Castle Books. ISBN 0-7858-1307-1.
* Potter, E. B. (2005). Admiral Arleigh Burke. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-692-5.
* Roscoe, Theodore (1953). United States Destroyer Operations in World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-726-7.
# LYPD6B

LY6/PLAUR Domain Containing 6B, also known under the name Cancer/Testis Antigen 116 (CTA116) and LYPD7 is encoded by the LYPD6B gene. LYPD6B is a member of the lymphocyte antigen 6 (LY6) protein family. It is expressed in the testis, lungs, stomach, prostate and in the nervous system where it acts as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs) activity.

## Structure

The protein is 183 amino acids long and its molecular mass is 20.656. The gene LYPD6B encoding the protein is located on chromosome 2 in humans.
As a member of the Ly-6/uPAR family, the protein contains a disulfide β-structural core and three protruding loops.

## Background

The protein was discovered for the first time in a 2009 study; its presence was detected in the cytoplasm and it was associated with activation of the AP-1 transcription factor. LYPD6B is known as a prototoxin due to its structural similarity with the 3-fingered snake venom proteins α-bungarotoxin and cobratoxin. As a prototoxin, LYPD6B also belongs to the protein family of Ly-6/urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (Ly6/uPAR). It has a 3-fingered motif secondary structure which appears due to the presence of 8–10 cysteine residues that facilitate disulfide bond formation.

## Role

The protein is expressed in the nervous system where it acts as an enhancer of the activity of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine certain α7-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which have a role in learning. A duplication of the gene has been detected in a case study of two individuals with severe intellectual disability, suggesting its role in proper brain development and cognitive function. Additionally, the protein demonstrates high expression in several other normal organs including the testis, lungs, stomach, and prostate.
Hypermethylation of the gene and a subsequent decreased expression has been demonstrated as one of the contributors to the invasive capacity of cancer cells in melanoma.
The protein LYPD6 also leads to an increase in Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
# York & Albany

The York & Albany is a former pub in Camden Town, London, near Regent's Park. The building is part of a development by John Nash, and is Grade II listed.
It was at one time operated by Gordon Ramsay as a boutique hotel and gastropub. The gastropub was positively reviewed by restaurant critics.
During that period, the validity of the lease was disputed by Ramsay, leading to a legal dispute. The pub closed in March 2024. In April 2024, the building was occuptied by squatters.
# George Willis Cooke

George Willis Cooke (1848 – 1923) was a Unitarian minister, writer, editor and lecturer. He is best known for Unitarianism in America, his history of that movement in the 19th century, and for his work on Transcendentalist writers and publications.

## Biography

George Willis Cooke was born in Comstock, Michigan on April 23, 1848.
He died in Revere, Massachusetts on April 30, 1923.

## Works

Further works, published online, are available from University of Pennsylvania and from Google books.
* Cooke, George Willis (1881). Ralph Waldo Emerson: His Life, Writings, and Philosophy (2 ed.). Boston: James R. Osgood. Online publication
* Cooke, George Willis (1883). George Eliot: A Critical Study of Her Life, Writings, and Philosophy (2 ed.). Boston: James R. Osgood.
* Cooke, George Willis (1887). A History of the Clapboard Trees or Third Parish, Dedham, Mass., Now the Unitarian Parish, West Dedham, 1736-1886. Boston: George H. Ellis.
* Cooke, George Willis (1891). A Guide-Book to the Poetic and Dramatic works of Robert Browning. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin.
* Cooke, George Willis (1893). The Spiritual Life: Studies of Devotion and Worship. Boston: George H. Ellis.
* Cooke, George Willis (1898). John Sullivan Dwight, Brook-farmer, editor, and critic of music: a biography. Boston: Small, Maynard. hdl:2027/hvd.hw2goe.
* Cooke, George Willis (1902). Unitarianism in America: a history of its origin and development. Boston: American Unitarian Association. Online publication
* Cooke, George Willis (1902). An Historical and Biographical Introduction to Accompany the Dial. Boston: Small, Maynard.
* Cooke, George Willis (1906). A Bibliography of James Russell Lowell. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin.
* Cooke, George Willis (1908). A Bibliography of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin.
* Cooke, George Willis (1920). The Social Evolution of Religion. Boston: Stratford.

## Literature

* Howe, Charles A. (October 28, 2000). "George Willis Cooke". Dictionary of Unitarian & Universalist Biography. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
* Sunderland, Jabez T. (June 14, 1923). "George Willis Cooke: An Appreciation". Unity.
# Bharatiya Lok Dal

Bharatiya Lok Dal (transl.  Indian Peoples' Party) was a political party in India. The BLD or simply BL was formed at the end of 1974 through the fusion of seven parties opposed to the rule of Indira Gandhi, including the Swatantra Party, the Samyukta Socialist Party, the Utkal Congress and the Bharatiya Kranti Dal. The leader of the BLD was Charan Singh.

## History

In 1977, the BLD combined with the Jan Sangh and the Indian National Congress (Organization) to form the Janata Party. The newly formed Janata Party contested the 1977 elections on the BLD symbol and formed independent India's first government not ruled by the Indian National Congress.
Despite a strong start, the Janata government began to wither as significant ideological and political divisions emerged. Through 1979, support for Morarji Desai had declined considerably due to worsening economic conditions as well as the emergence of allegations of nepotism and corruption involving members of his family. Protesting Desai's leadership, Charan Singh resigned and withdrew the support of his BLD. Desai also lost the support of the secular and socialist politicians in the party, who saw him as favoring the Hindu nationalist BJS. On 19 July 1979 Desai resigned from the government. Dissidents projected Charan Singh as the new prime minister in place of Desai.
President Reddy appointed Charan Singh as the Prime Minister of a minority government on the strength of 64 MPs, calling upon him to form a new government and prove his majority. The departure of Desai and the BJS had considerably diminished Janata's majority, and numerous Janata MPs refused to support Charan Singh. MPs loyal to Jagjivan Ram withdrew themselves from the Janata party. Former allies such as the DMK, Shiromani Akali Dal and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) had distanced themselves from the Janata party. Desperately seeking enough support for a majority, Charan Singh even sought to negotiate with Congress (I), which refused. After only three weeks in office, Charan Singh resigned. With no other political party in position to establish a majority government, President Reddy dissolved the Parliament and called fresh elections for January 1980.
After 1980 elections, Charan Singh came out of the Janata Alliance with his party and renamed it as Lok Dal.
Subsequently, Ajit Singh (son of Charan Singh) founded the Rashtriya Lok Dal (RLD). Now Lok Dal is led by Chaudhary Sunil Singh of Aligarh.

## Constituent Parties

* Bharatiya Kranti Dal
* Swatantra Party
* Samyukta Socialist Party
* Utkal Congress
* Rashtriya Loktantrik Dal
* Kisan Mazdoor Party
* Punjabi Khetibari Zamindari Union
# Polish names in space

There are a number of objects in the solar system that have been named after Polish people or places. Many of these are craters on the terrestrial planets but asteroids and exoplanets have also received Polish names.

## Moon

* Armiński (crater)
* Gadomski (crater)
* Kepínski (crater)
* Lubiniezky (crater)
* Copernicus (lunar crater)

## Mercury

* Boznańska crater
* Chopin (crater)
* Kobro crater
* Komeda crater
* Mickiewicz (crater)

## Venus

* Badarzewska crater
* Jadwiga crater
* Janina crater
* Konopnicka crater
* Landowska crater
* Nalkowska crater
* Olesnicka crater
* Wanda (crater)
* Zosia crater

## Mars

* Copernicus (Martian crater)
* Grójec crater
* Puławy crater

## Asteroids

* 198820 Iwanowska
* 199950 Sierpc
* 279377 Lechmankiewicz
* 471143 Dziewanna (TNO)

## Stars

* Solaris (star)

## Exoplanets

* Pirx (planet)
# TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia)

"TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia)" is a 1974 recording by MFSB featuring vocals by The Three Degrees. It was written by Gamble and Huff as the theme for the American musical television program Soul Train, which specialized in African American musical performers. The single was released on the Philadelphia International Records label. It was the first television theme song to reach No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100.
At the 17th Annual Grammy Awards in 1975, the song won the Grammy for Best R&B Instrumental Performance.

## Background

The song is an instrumental, featuring a blend of string instruments and a horn section. There are two vocal parts: a passage where The Three Degrees sing "People all over the world" and "Let's get it on. It's time to get down". The words "People all over the world" are not heard in the original version. The version heard on Soul Train, released on a 1975 Three Degrees album, International, had the series title sung over the first four notes of the melody, "Soul Train, Soul Train".
"TSOP" hit No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 in 1974 and remained there for two weeks, the first television theme song to do so.
Don Cornelius, the creator and host of Soul Train, refused to allow any references to the name of the television series when the single was released, leading Gamble and Huff to adopt the alternate title for the release.
Although it was rerecorded for future versions of the show and different themes were used during the 1970s and 1980s, "TSOP" returned in the 1980s and remained the theme song for Soul Train.

## Covers and samples

"TSOP" was covered by Dexys Midnight Runners and released as a B-side on the 12" version of the "Jackie Wilson Said" single, and was issued on the remastered version of the album Too-Rye-Ay.
In 1978, the song was covered by reggae band Inner Circle.
George Duke covered the song in 1986 and Sampson covered it in 1999.
In 1998, German act BMR featuring Dutch singer Felicia Uwaje sampled the single in their song Check It Out.
A similar melody is used in the anime series Haré+Guu.

## Uses of the song

The song is played at Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia prior to every Philadelphia Phillies home game. It was played after Vancouver Whitecaps (1974–1984) NASL home games at Empire Stadium in the 1970s and 1980s, and after Vancouver Whitecaps (1986–2010) CSL home games in the 1980s and 1990s.
Game Ka Na Ba?, a Philippines game show hosted by actor/politician Edu Manzano, used an adaptation of "TSOP" called "Papayo Yowza" as its theme. The opening was sampled as program identification for Philadelphia 76ers games broadcast on WPHT in the 1970s and during timeouts and before commercial breaks for NBA on CBS games in the 1975 NBA playoffs until the 1976 NBA Finals.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 1,000,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Amy Koch

Amy T. Koch (born October 8, 1971) is an American politician and a former majority leader of the Minnesota Senate, where she represented portions of Hennepin and Wright counties. Koch, the first female Senate majority leader in state history, is also a regular commentator for Minnesota local media.

## Early life, education, and career

Koch grew up in Buffalo, Minnesota, graduating from Buffalo High School in 1990. After briefly attending Concordia College in Moorhead, Minnesota, Koch joined the United States Air Force in 1992. While serving in the military, Koch met her former husband, Christopher, and gave birth to her daughter, Rachel.
Koch studied Russian at the Defense Language Institute in California, before being assigned to the National Security Agency in Fort Meade, Maryland. She graduated with honors at all stages of her military training and received the Joint Service Commendation Medal for her contribution to the intelligence community.
After receiving an honorable discharge from the Air Force in 1996, Koch returned to Buffalo, Minnesota and attended St. Cloud State University, where she earned a bachelor's degree in 1999.
Koch has volunteered as an adult leader for 4-H and served as vice chair of the St. Francis Xavier Parish Council as well as liaison to the Education Advisory Board.
In 2016, Koch began working as a political strategist for Hylden Advocacy & Law in Minneapolis.
Koch is a part owner of HBK Properties LLC in Buffalo. In 2013, Koch bought Maple Lake Bowl, a bowling alley just north of her home in Buffalo, MN. Koch owned and operated the bowling alley until she sold it in the summer of 2016.

## Political career

After leaving the military and returning to Minnesota, Koch became active in local Republican politics. In addition to serving on her local party unit board, Koch actively volunteered for former Congressman Mark Kennedy and former Secretary of State Mary Kiffmeyer.
Koch was first elected to the Minnesota Senate in a 2005 special election, replacing Mark Ourada, who resigned months earlier. She was re-elected in 2006 and 2010. Koch, a former assistant minority leader, was the first woman to serve as majority leader of the Minnesota Senate, and the first Republican to do so since party affiliation.

### Relationship with staffer

On December 15, 2011, in a surprise announcement, Koch said she would resign from her post as majority leader of the Minnesota Senate. Republican state senators indicated Koch had an "inappropriate" relationship with a staffer, whose identity would later be confirmed as former state Senate aide Michael Brodkorb. Koch later apologized and did not seek re-election to another term in the Minnesota Senate.
# Monarch Stadium (Methodist University)

Monarch Stadium is a college football stadium located in Fayetteville, North Carolina. The stadium is the home field of the Methodist Monarchs. The stadium originally had grass seating until chair-back seating for 800 was added in 1999. Visitors are seated on portable risers that are set on the outer edge of the stadium's track, opposite to home seating. Visitors and Home fans are required to seat next to each other. The Monarchs compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III USA South Athletic Conference.
# Bobby Puleo

Bobby Puleo (born 1974) is a regular-footed American professional skateboarder and artist.

## Life

Born in [Clifton, New Jersey]], Puleo began skateboarding at 10. His first board was the Skull and Sword Powell Peralta board, which he received for Christmas in 1984. Puleo started coming to New York at 16 to skate street spots, like the Brooklyn Banks and others. In 1998, Puleo moved to West 108th Street. Since childhood, Puleo has been a collector of found objects.

## Skateboarding career

Puleo has been a professional skateboarder for over 20 years, Puleo's first pro deck was on Mad Circle skateboards. Puleo was skating a lot with filmer Aaron Meza for the FTC Penal Code 100A video released in 1996. Scott Johnston and Meza introduced Puleo to Justin Girard who put him on Mad Circle. Before Mad Circle, while riding for Metropolitan, Puleo got put on Stereo.
In 2018, Puleo sat down with Transworld Skateboarding to talk about his favorite skateboarder: Mark Gonzales.
| Skate video Parts & Appearances | Year |
| 411VM – Issue 10 | 1995 |
| 411VM – Issue 13 | 1995 |
| FTC – Penal Code 100A | 1996 |
| Mad Circle – 5ive Flavors | 1998 |
| Zoo York – Peep This | 1999 |
| INFMS | 2000 |
| Skateparks of Oregon/Ecuador | 2001 |
| Black Out | 2002 |
| La Luz | 2002 |
| Static II: The Invisibles | 2004 |
| R. B. Umali NY Revisited Vol 1 (96–97) | 2005 |
| Ipath – Preview: Summer 2005 | 2005 |
| Traffic – Moving in Traffic | 2008 |
| Traffic – Tokyo Transfer | 2009 |
| Hi Fi – Full Frequency | 2009 |
| The Secret Basement | 2013 |
| V5 | 2013 |

## Artistic practice

Building upon his lifelong interest in collecting found objects, Puleo creates collages and assemblages. Puleo also practices photography and has an interest in graffiti. Puleo has shown his art throughout the United States and has an instagram account dedicated to his art: Gutter Gallery In 2003, Puleo opened a show: ''These Eyes Have Eyes," at Space 1026 Gallery in Philadelphia. In 2021, Puleo had a solo show of his assemblages titled "Flat Earth" presented by Hey Check This Out gallery in NYC.
# Tsuneo Ogasawara

Tsuneo Ogasawara (小笠原 恒夫, Ogasawara Tsuneo, born 30 July 1942) is a Japanese rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Greg Boe

Greg Boe (born September 8, 1959) is an American politician who served two terms as a Republican member of the Minnesota House of Representatives from District 47B.

## Early life and education

Boe was born and raised in Wolsey, South Dakota. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in environmental science and toxicology, with a minor in chemistry, from Minnesota State University, Mankato. He later received a Master of Public Administration from the same university.

## Career

Boe has served as a volunteer and community leader over the years, as a member of the Chaska City Council for 10 years and the city planning commission for nine years before that. He has worked as a department manager for the government of Carver County, Minnesota. and as a major program manager for neighboring Scott County. In addition Boe has also worked in the private-sector, in retail sales and electronic device manufacturing, design, and repair.

### Minnesota House of Representatives

Boe was first elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives in 2018. He served on the Environment and Natural Resources Policy Committee, the Energy and Climate Finance and Policy Division, and the Legacy Finance Division during his first term. For the 20221-2022 biennium, Boe's committee assignments included the Climate and Energy Finance and Policy Division, the Legacy Finance Division, and the Education Policy Committee.

## Personal life

Boe and his wife, Debbie, have two grown children. He resides in eastern Carver County.