OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Historic Centre of Sighișoara

The Historic Centre of Sighișoara (Sighișoara Citadel) is the old historic center of the town of Sighișoara (German: Schäßburg, Hungarian: Segesvár), Romania, built in the 12th century by Saxon settlers. It is an inhabited medieval citadel that, in 1999, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its 850-year-old testament to the history and culture of the Transylvanian Saxons.
Birthplace of Vlad III the Impaler (in Romanian Vlad Țepeș), Sighișoara hosts, every year, a medieval festival where arts and crafts blend with rock music and stage plays. The city marks the upper boundary of the Land of Sachsen. Like its bigger brothers, Sibiu (Hermannstadt) and Braşov (Kronstadt), Sighișoara exhibits Medieval German architectural and cultural heritage that was preserved even during the Communist period.

## Description

The fortress is surrounded by a 9.3 m high wall, originally about 4 m high. Later, the height of the wall was increased in some places to 14 m. The wall was built between the 14th and 17th centuries as protection against Turkish attacks. The wall had 14 towers, 9 of which are preserved to this day. The towers served as the headquarters of various craft guilds.
* The Clock Tower (height: 64 m; gate-tower)
* The Rope Makers' Tower (located on the plateau of Școala din Deal (School on the Hill), it was restored in the 19th century and now serves as the caretaker's dwelling of the Evangelical Cemetery on the hill)
* The Butchers' Tower (hexagonal)
* The Furriers' Tower(destroyed in the fire of 1676, but rebuilt; it has 4 levels)
* The Weavers' Tower (demolished in 1858, the stones were used to pave the fortress)
* The Tailors' Tower (on the opposite side of the Clock Tower, it is a gate-tower; it has 2 floors; its gunpowder storage exploded in the fire of 1676, destroying the tower, which was rebuilt)
* the Jeweler's / Goldsmiths' Tower (set on fire by lightning in 1809, it was demolished in 1863, when the German high school gym was built on its foundation; this was in turn converted into the cemetery chapel in 1935-1936)
* The Tinsmiths' Tower (height: 25 m; four floors)
* The Tanners' Tower (one of the oldest)
* The Blacksmiths' Tower (built in 1631 on the foundations of the old Barber's Tower; destroyed in the fire of 1676, but rebuilt)
* The Tower of the Locksmiths and the Coopers were situated between the Tower of the Shoemakers and the Blacksmiths.
* The Fishermen's Tower once stood on the banks of the Târnava, much further outside the fortress, where the mill was located at that time. It is rarely mentioned. It can only be seen on the Museum model in the Clock Tower.
* The Shoemakers' Tower (marks the northern end of the fortress wall; mentioned in 1521, fortified in 1603, partially destroyed in 1606, rebuilt in 1650, burned in 1676, rebuilt in 1681).
* The Tinsmiths' Tower
# DiY Sound System

DiY Sound System, also known as the DiY Collective, was a British house music sound system, co-founded by Harry Harrison, Rick "Digs" Down, Simon "DK" Smith and Pete "Woosh" Birch, in 1989. The group "divided their activities between free parties and legal club nights, acting as a bridge between counter-culture and the mainstream".

## History
### 1990s

The DiY Collective was co-founded by Harry Harrison, Rick "Digs" Down, Simon "DK" Smith and Pete "Woosh" Birch in Nottingham in 1989 as a reaction against the growing commercialisation of pay parties, especially Orbital raves such as Biology and Sunrise. DiY's standpoint came from a merging of anarchist principles and a history of attending both free festivals and clubs such as the Haçienda. They wished to form a cohesive, collective, political front against the prevailing anti-rave legislation that was beginning to come into force at that time. This became more marked around the time of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, with DiY playing a key role in the illegal rave at Castlemorton Common Festival prior to the Bill in May 1992. After hooking up with a group of progressive travellers at the 1990 Glastonbury Festival, they began to throw a constant stream of illegal, outdoor parties (often at travellers' sites, quarries and disused airfields) all over the country for many years. Simon Reynolds wrote that DiY threw "free parties at abandoned airfields or on hilltops, drawing a mixed crowd of urban ravers and crusty road warriors".
DiY also worked in the realm of legitimate club nights, starting with their first night at the Kool Kat, Nottingham on 23 November 1989 on Harry's 23rd birthday. Their "Bounce" began at Venus, Nottingham in February 1991 and ran for five years at various clubs, including nights at the Dance Factory. Bounce also at one point had a network of nights in Liverpool, Manchester, Hull, Sheffield, Bristol, Birmingham, Exeter and Bath.
The Strictly 4 Groovers label put out its first release by Alabama 3 in 1992, followed by records from members of the DiY Collective, as well local artists including Atjazz, Rhythm Plate and Charles Webster.

### Later

DiY continue to hold occasional free parties, typically to celebrate a milestone date—on 19 September 2009, DiY celebrated their 20th birthday with a free party near their home town of Nottingham, and on 23 August 2014, their 25th birthday with a free party held in a field in Leicestershire.

### Aftermath

On 3 October 2020, it was announced that Pete Birch (DJ Woosh) had died from cancer.
Harry Harrison released a biographical history of DiY, Dreaming In Yellow in 2022.
Simon DK died on 6 July 2023, age 60.
DJ Digs continues to DJ as Grace Sands.
# Katja MacLeod Kessin

Katja MacLeod Kessin (1959–2006) was a German-born Canadian painter.

## Biography

Kessin was born on February 7, 1959 in Hamburg, Germany. Around 1980 she emigrated to Montreal, Canada. She studied art at Concordia University, earning an MFA degree in painting 1993, and a PhD in Humanities in 2003.
Kessin taught art at Concordia, including teaching art to non-artists. She also created an art program for women and children at a women’s shelter in Montreal. In 2000 she received a national award of merit given by the Senior Women Academic Administrators of Canada.
Kessin died on April 1, 2006, in Montreal. In 2007 a retrospective of her work was presented at the FOFA Gallery at Concordia University.
Her work is in the collection of the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec.

## Personal

Kessin was married to Darcy MacLeod with whom she had three children.
# Coastal Carolina Chanticleers women's basketball

The Coastal Carolina Chanticleers women's basketball team is the women's basketball team that represents Coastal Carolina University in Conway, South Carolina, United States. The school's team currently competes in the Sun Belt Conference.

## History

As of the end of the 2015–16 season, the Chanticleers have an all-time record of 482–656. Coastal Carolina joined the Big South Conference in 1986, playing for 30 years before leaving for the Sun Belt Conference beginning with the 2016–17 season. In the 30 years they played in the Big South, they went 181–259. They have never qualified for the NCAA Tournament. They lost in the tournament championship in 1999, 2000, and 2002, with the winner being Liberty each time.
# Nau Cherrington

Nau Paora Cherrington (5 March 1924 – 26 June 1979) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A wing, Cherrington represented North Auckland at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, from 1950 to 1951. He played seven matches for the All Blacks including one international.
# The Dragon Lives

The Dragon Lives (Chinese: 詠春大兄; pinyin: Yǒng Chūn Dà Xiōng; Jyutping: wing6 cheun1 daai6 hing1), also known as He's a Legend, He's a Hero, is a 1976 Hong Kong martial arts film starring Bruce Li and directed by Wang Hsing-lei (credited as Singloy Wang). A fictional account of Bruce Lee's life, it is one of numerous films which exploited the popularity of Lee after his death, a practice called Bruceploitation. The film was released in the United States by Film Ventures International on 19 September 1978.
The film has often been mistaken for Bruce Lee: The Man, The Myth, another 1976 film depicting Bruce Lee's life and starring Bruce Li.

## Cast

* Ho Chung-tao (Bruce Li) as Bruce Lee
* Caryn White as Lin, Bruce's wife
* Chen Pei-zhen (Betty Chen) as Betty Ting Pei
* Ernest 'Curt' Curtis as Sam Curtis, a boxer
* Joe Nerbonne
* Fred Cargle
* Lee Wan-chung (Li Won Chung) as Raymond Chow, a film producer
* Elton Hugee
* Jim Burnett
* Kjell Wallen
* Mark Ruth
* Jack Nickelson
* Su Hsiang as Lo Wei, a film director
* Hsieh Han as swordsman in film-shooting
* Yam Ho as Bruce's friend

## Release

The Dragon Lives was released in Hong Kong on 7 October 1976. In the United States, the film was released by Film Ventures International on 19 September 1978.

### Critical response

Poll, a critic for the American film magazine Variety, criticized the technical deficiencies of The Dragon Lives ("cracking noises regularly precede the blows themselves.... characters appear in consecutive frames dressed differently"), but noted that its target audience is the least critical among moviegoers. The critic would also surmise that the film could have a short run in cinemas due to being less bloody than other Bruce Lee-inspired films.

## Home media

The Dragon Lives was released on DVD in the United States on 12 March 2002.
# Mjølfjell Station

Mjølfjell Station (Norwegian: Mjølfjell stasjon) is a railway station along the Bergen Line in the village of Mjølfjell in the eastern part of the Raundalen valley in Voss municipality, Vestland county, Norway. The station is served by the Bergen Commuter Rail, operated by Vy Tog, with up to five daily departures in each direction, in addition to one weekly express train. The station was opened in 1908. The surrounding area is dominantly recreational, with many cabins. It is accessible by a spur of County Road 307. The station takes its name from the nearby mountain Mjølfjellet.
# Carl Graff-Wang

Carl Georg Graff-Wang (18 April 1943 – 18 December 2007) was a Norwegian handball player who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics.
He was born in Trondheim and represented the club SK Arild. In 1972 he was part of the Norwegian team which finished ninth in the Olympic tournament. He played four matches and scored five goals. He died in December 2007 in Oslo.
# Olle Ljunggren

Olle Ljunggren (9 February 1921 – 13 February 2003) was a Swedish middle-distance runner. He finished fourth in the men's 800 metres at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Krister Bringéus

Nils Krister Bringéus (born 7 September 1954) is a Swedish diplomat. He served as a member of diplomatic staff and as Ambassador of Sweden to Serbia and to Norway from the 1970s and into the 2020s.

## Early life and postings

Bringéus was born on 7 September 1954 in Lund Cathedral Parish [sv], Malmöhus County, Scania, Sweden. He is the son of ethnologist Nils-Arvid Bringéus [sv] and Doctor of Philosophy Gundis Bringéus (née Lindahl). Bringéus did his military service at the Interpreting School [sv] and studied at the Université Paul Cézanne Aix-Marseille III between 1973 and 1974, after which he graduated with a bachelor's degree in philosophy from Stockholm University in 1976 and a bachelor's degree in law from Uppsala University in 1979. He served at the Embassy of Sweden, Moscow from 1975 to 1976 and was chancellery secretary of the Foreign Ministry from 1979 to 1980. He was embassy secretary at the Embassy in Pyongyang from 1980 to 1981 and at the Embassy in London from 1981 to 1984, after which he was First Secretary at the Embassy in Moscow from 1984 to 1987. In 1987–1990, he was embassy secretary in the Personnel Department of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, after which he was First Secretary at the Embassy in Bonn between 1990 and 1992 and Embassy Counselor at the Embassy in Washington between 1992 and 1997. He was Ministerial Adviser at the Department for European Security Policy in the Ministry for Foreign Affairs from 1997 to 2002, first as Deputy Head of department from 1997 to 1998 and then as Head of the department from 1998 to 2002.

## Senior roles and ambassadorships

In 2002 Bringéus was appointed head of the Swedish delegation at the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe in Vienna, holding the post until 2007. In 2007 he was appointed Ambassador of Sweden to Serbia, with dual accreditation to Montenegro. He held this role until 2010, which was followed with a posting that year as Senior Civilian Representative at Mazar-e Sharif with responsibility for the overall political leadership and Swedish civilian activities in the area, until 2011.
From 2011, Bringéus was an ambassador for Arctic issues at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and from 2015 to 2016 was a special investigator of Sweden's defence and security policy collaborations. After being Ambassador for Nordic Affairs in the department for the European Union at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs from 2017 to 2018, Bringéus was ambassador to Norway from November 2018 until 2020.

## Personal life and honours

Bringéus was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences in 2000. On 25 September 2020 he was awarded the Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of Merit.
Bringéus is married to Veronika Bard-Bringéus, also a diplomat.
# Raymond Sock

Raymond Claudius Sock (born 5 June 1946) is a Gambian judge who currently serves as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the Gambia. He had previously served as a Justice from 2012 to 2015, when he was dismissed by President Yahya Jammeh.

## Early life and education

Sock received his primary and secondary education in The Gambia, completing his university education in the United States. He graduated with a bachelor's degree (cum laude) from Lewis & Clark College in Portland, Oregon, and a master's degree from Pennsylvania State University. He went on to train in law at the Inns of Court School of Law (now City, University of London) and Middle Temple, where he was called to the bar. He also completed a certificate in legislative drafting from the Australia Legislative Drafting Institute.

## Career

Sock joined the Attorney General's Chambers in 1980 as a state counsel. By 1989, he had become the Solicitor General and Legal Secretary, and was seconded to help establish the African Centre for Democracy and Human Rights Studies (ACDHRS), where he served as its first Executive Director, responsible for the creation of the centre's first programmes, in collaboration with organisations such as the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ). Between 1989 and 1995, Sock authored several articles on human rights in Africa and organised various meetings and workshops on the subject.
From 1995 to 2000, Sock worked in private legal practice as a senior partner, during which he handled both civil and criminal cases, including murder and treason. In 2000, he returned to the Ministry of Justice to take up his old job as Solicitor General. He was nominated by The Gambia as a judge of the International Criminal Court in 2002, though his nomination was not successful. For a brief period in 2005, he served as Minister of Justice and Attorney General. From 2005 to 2011, Sock worked as a consultant for the UNDP and ECOWAS, as well as the Gambian Ministry of Justice. He became the first Director-General of the Gambia Law School, which was established in October 2011.
In April 2012, Sock was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the Gambia. He served as Acting Chief Justice from November 2012 to June 2013, being replaced by Justice Joseph Wowo. He was dismissed in June 2015 alongside Justice Gibou Janneh, a decision decried by Kairo News as "taking away the Gambian touch at the higher echelon in legal rulings." In October 2017, President Adama Barrow re-appointed Sock and Janneh to the Supreme Court.
# Cosham railway station

vteRailways in the Portsmouth area :
Legend :
Cosham railway station serves Cosham, a northern suburb of the city of Portsmouth, Hampshire in southern England. It is 90 miles 6 chains (90.08 miles, 144.96 km) from London Waterloo.
Opened in 1848 by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR), it is located on the West Coastway Line which runs between Brighton and Southampton. It is currently served by the South Western Railway, Southern, and Great Western Railway train operating companies.
The station used to have a small goods yard which served local freight trains around Portsmouth. Today all that remains is an old loading gauge, with the original site being built upon.

## Services

Services at Cosham are operated by Southern, South Western Railway and Great Western Railway using Class 377, 444 and 450 EMUs and Class 158, Class 165 and 166 DMUs.
Great Western Railway services between Cardiff and Portsmouth pass through without stopping after 8pm.
The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:
* 1 tph to London Waterloo via Basingstoke
* 2 tph to Brighton via Worthing
* 3 tph to Southampton Central
* 1 tph to Cardiff Central via Bristol Temple Meads
* 3 tph to Portsmouth & Southsea of which 2 continue to Portsmouth Harbour
The station is also served by a single daily service from London Waterloo to Southampton Central via Guildford, which runs directly to Cosham from Bedhampton.
Westward, the line through Cosham leads to Portchester and Fareham, eastward to a junction (part of the local "Railway Triangle") between lines leading south to Hilsea and Portsmouth and east to Bedhampton and Havant.
| Preceding station | National Rail | Following station |
| Portchester or Fareham | Southern West Coastway Line | Havant |
| Portchester | South Western Railway West Coastway Line | Hilsea |
| Portchester | South Western Railway Portsmouth Direct LineLimited Service | Bedhampton |
| Portchester or Fareham | Great Western Railway West Coastway LineNot Evenings | Fratton |

## Gallery

* The crossing gates descend
* An up train departing
* Looking east from the High Street footbridge
* Cosham Station in August 1969.
* The view from the Knowlsey Road footbridge
* Looking from the down towards the up platform
* SR Merchant Navy Class 35028 Clan Line passing through Cosham Station
* A 1910 Railway Clearing House map of lines around Cosham railway station
# Bearcat Ridge

Bearcat Ridge is an 8,033-foot (2,448-metre) mountain ridge located in the Chelan Mountains, in Chelan County of Washington state. It is situated on the boundary of Glacier Peak Wilderness, on land managed by Wenatchee National Forest. Its nearest higher neighbor is Emerald Peak, 1.1 mi (1.8 km) to the south-southwest, and Cardinal Peak is positioned 1.76 mi (2.83 km) to the south. Precipitation runoff from the ridge drains into nearby Lake Chelan via Emerald Creek and Bearcat Creek. Bearcat Ridge forms the high divide between these two creek valleys.

## Climate

Weather fronts originating in the Pacific Ocean travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach the North Cascades, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range (orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades. As a result, the North Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer.

## Geology

Bearcat Ridge is composed primarily of granodiorite and hornblende quartz diorite, minerals of the Cardinal Peak pluton. The North Cascades feature some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks, spires, ridges, and deep glacial valleys. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences. The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. Glacier Peak, a stratovolcano that is 23 mi (37 km) west of Bearcat Ridge, began forming in the mid-Pleistocene. In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago. During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris. The U-shaped cross section of the river valleys is a result of recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area.

## Gallery

* Bearcat Ridge from Emerald Park
# Florence Nakiwala Kiyingi

Florence Nakiwala Kiyingi (née Florence Nakiwala), is a Ugandan businesswoman and politician. She is the current presidential advisor for Youth and Children Affairs in Uganda. She was appointed to this position on 6 June 2021. She is the former Minister of State for Youth and Children Affairs in the Cabinet of Uganda. She was appointed to that position on 6 June 2016 to 6 June 2021 She is also the Federation of Uganda Football Associations third Vice-President, the first woman to hold that position in Uganda. As well she serves as the Chairperson Commonwealth Youth Ministers Task force voted to that position in 2017.

## Background and education

Florence Nakiwala was born in 1972, in Kimanya, Masaka District, to the late Charles Ssonko and Perepetwa Najjuma, as the 8th born of their 12 offspring. Her father was the County Chief of Buddu at that time. She attended Kimanya Primary School before she was admitted to Trinity College Nabbingo for her O-Level and A-Level education. While at Nabbingo, she was appointed the sanitary prefect at the school.
She studied at Makerere University, graduating with a Bachelor of Commerce degree. She has a doctorate degree in leadership from CommonWealth University. While there, she was elected to the executive committee of Nkoba Za Mbogo, the Baganda students’ organisation at Makerere University. She also served as the leader of the commerce students in her course. In her first year at Makerere, she met and eventually fell in love with her husband, Deogratius Kiyingi, the Member of Parliament for Bukomansimbi South Constituency in the 10th Parliament (2016 - 2021).

## Career in business

As a teenager, still in middle school, she took a trip to London and witnessed how a well-run health facility operates. This created a burning desire in her to own a well-run healthcare facility when she grew up. After graduating from Makerere she established Lisa Medical Centre, a chain of clinics and short-stay hospitals in Uganda, with a branch in Nairobi, Kenya.

## Career in Buganda Government

She served as the Minister for Youth Affairs in the Kingdom of Buganda, for a period of five years. She then served as the Tourism Minister in the kingdom, a post she held until June 2016.

## Career in national politics

During the 2016 national elections, Florence Nakiwala contested the Kampala Women Representative seat in the 10th parliament (2016 - 2021). She ran on the Democratic Party ticket. She lost to the incumbent, Nabilah Naggayi Sempala of the Forum for Democratic Change political party. In a surprise move, President Yoweri Museveni named Nakiwala Minister of State for Youth and Children, on 6 June 2016.

## Personal

Florence Nakiwala Kiyingi is married to Deogratius Kiyingi since 1998. They are of the Roman Catholic faith. Together, they are parents to five children, three boys and two girls. Effective 6 June 2016, she was appointed chairperson of Express FC, a member of Uganda Super League.