OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1961 Yale Bulldogs football team

The 1961 Yale Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Yale University as a member of the Ivy League during the 1961 college football season. In their tenth year under head coach Jordan Olivar, the Bulldogs compiled a 4–5 record (3–4 in conference games), finished in fifth place in the Ivy League, and were outscored by at total of 105 to 99.
The team included only one returning starter, guard Paul Bursiek, from the undefeated 1960 team that won the Ivy League championship. Yale's statistical leaders for 1961 included fullback Dick Niglio with 330 rushing yards, quarterback Bill Leckonby with 411 passing yards, and halfback Randy Egloff with 133 receiving yards.
Center Matt Black was selected as the first-team center on the 1961 All-Ivy League football team. Guard Paul Bursiek was named to the second team.
The team played its home games at the Yale Bowl in New Haven, Connecticut.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 30 | Connecticut* | Yale BowlNew Haven, CT | W 18–0 | 34,786 |
| October 7 | Brown | Yale BowlNew Haven, CT | W 14–3 | 23,605 |
| October 14 | Columbia | Yale BowlNew Haven, CT | L 0–11 | 22,188 |
| October 21 | at Cornell | Schoellkopf FieldIthaca, NY | W 12–0 | 20,000 |
| October 28 | Colgate* | Yale BowlNew Haven, CT | L 8–14 | 32,936 |
| November 4 | Dartmouth | Yale BowlNew Haven, CT | L 8–24 | 41,974 |
| November 11 | at Penn | Franklin FieldPhiladelphia, PA | W 23–0 | 14,093 |
| November 18 | at Princeton | Palmer StadiumPrinceton, NJ (rivalry) | L 16–26 | 42,000 |
| November 25 | Harvard | Yale BowlNew Haven, CT (The Game) | L 0–27 | 61,789 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||

## Statistics

Quarterback Bill Leckonby was the team's leading passer. He completed 32 of 80 passes (40.0%) for 411 yards with three touchdowns, six interceptions, and an 80.5 quarterback rating. He also tallied 140 rushing yards for 551 yards of total offense. Leckonby was the son of long-time Lehigh head coach and athletic director Bill Leckonby.
Fullback Dick Niglio was the team's leading rusher. He tallied 330 yards on 91 carries for an average of 3.6 yards per carry. Ted Hard ranked second on the team with 306 rushing yards on 81 carries for a 3.8-yard average. Lee Marsh had 176 yards on 35 yards for 5.0 yards per carry.
Halback Randy Egloff was the team's leading receiver. He talied 10 catches for 133 yards, an average of 13.3 yards per reception.

## Players

* Matt Black, center, 185 pounds
* Jim Brewster, guard, 190 pounds
* Paul Bursiek, guard and captain, 185 pounds
* Jud Calkins, halfback
* Rudy Carpenter, end, 184 pounds
* Chris Clark, halfback, 170 pounds
* Wolf Dietrick, guard
* Randy Egloff, halfback
* Ted Hard, fullback, 185 pounds
* Henry Higdon, halfback, 165 pounds
* Lyn Hinojosa
* Erick Jensen, tackle
* Bill Leckonby, quarterback, senior, 185 pounds
* Lee Marsh, halfback
* Dave Mawicke, tackle, 220 pounds
* Dick Niglio, fullback
* Brian Rapp, quarterback, sophomore
* Stan Riveles, guard, junior
* Connie Shimer, end, 195 pounds
* Perry Wickstrom, tackle
* Dick Williams, tackle, 200 pounds
# Langwith railway station

Langwith is a former railway station in the Langwith Maltings area of Langwith in northeastern Derbyshire, England.
vteMidland Railway :
Legend :
Clowne and Doe Lea branches :
Context :
Detail :

## Context

The station was built by the Midland Railway on its Nottingham Midland to Worksop line. The station was designed by the Midland Railway company architect John Holloway Sanders. The line and station were closed to passengers in 1964. The line was reopened in 1998 as the Robin Hood Line but the station was not reopened, the community being better served by a wholly new structure half a mile to the North, called Langwith-Whaley Thorns. In Henry Priestley's wonderfully evocative 1962 photograph of Langwith station the colliery winding gear visible in the distance marks the approximate site of Langwith-Whaley Thorns station.

## History

The station was opened with some bunting, flags and ceremony on 1 June 1875. It initially provided a service of six trains each way, three between Mansfield and Worksop and three between Mansfield and Sheffield Victoria.
The line was and remains double track. The station had two opposite platforms and a stone station building very similar to those at Shirebrook West, Elmton & Creswell and Whitwell. The original Whitwell station has been dismantled and meticulously rebuilt at the Midland Railway Centre, the new Robin Hood line Whitwell station is a new building on the original site.
The last day of service was 10 October 1964, closure having been delayed for a week to serve the annual Nottingham Goose Fair. The station was demolished in 1978.
# Babayo Garba Gamawa

Babayo Garba Gamawa (2 February 1966 – 14 June 2019) was a Nigerian businessman and was the 2011 Senator for the Bauchi North district of Bauchi State. He was affiliated with the People's Democratic Party (PDP).

## Political career

Babayo Garba Gamawa served as both the Deputy Governor and Speaker of the Bauchi State House of Assembly. He became Deputy Governor of Bauchi when Alhaji Mohammed Garba Gadi was impeached from his position. When this impeachment was appealed and the original ruling was deemed unconstitutional, Gadi arrived at the offices to reclaim his seat. Gamawa refused to give up his seat and his supporters rioted in the street, saying "Gamawa is the authentic deputy governor." Gadi's supporters, however, proclaimed that "the owner has arrived, the pretender should roll up his mat." Gamawa would eventually concede and Gadi would reclaim his seat as Deputy Governor.
In 2011, he was elected as the Bauchi North Senator for the 7th National Assembly. He was the Vice-President of the Aviation Committee and a member of the Land Transport Committee.
# Roughton, Lincolnshire

Roughton (/ˈruːtən/ ROOT-ən) is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The parish population was 644 in 2011.
The village lies approximately 5 miles (8 km) south from Horncastle and near the hamlets of Thornton and Kirkby-on-Bain. Since 1936 the hamlets of Dalderby and Martin have been part of Roughton civil parish.
In the 1086 Domesday Book, Roughton is noted with 11 households, with Lord of the Manor as King William I.
The parish church dates from the 13th century, and is dedicated to Saint Margaret. Built of a "patchwork" of greenstone, limestone and red brick, its construction includes elements from 12th-century Norman to 17th-century brick. It is a Grade II* listed building. The base of a medieval stone cross is in the churchyard; it is both Grade II listed and designated as an ancient scheduled monument.
Roughton Hall is a Grade II* listed building dating from the mid-18th century. Until his death in 2018, it was home to Louth and Horncastle MP, and Father of the House, Sir Peter Tapsell.
A primary school in Roughton served the village and the nearby hamlets of Haltham, Dalderby and Martin. It closed in December 1946 following a decline of population.
Roughton Moor Wood on the outskirts of nearby Woodhall Spa is a conservation area consisting of semi-natural woodland; it is managed by the Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust.

## Governance

An electoral ward in the same name exists. This ward stretches north to Baumber with a total population taken at the 2011 census of 2,270.
# Alexander Macdonald (artist)

Alexander Macdonald (1849–1921), sometimes erroneously written MacDonald, was a British artist and art educator.

## Career

Macdonald trained at the South Kensington Schools where, in the end, he became an assistant in the studio of the Painting Master Robert Collinson. At the same time, he took on teaching tasks all over London and was from c. 1863-65 in "sole charge of a very large mechanic's class in the east of London."
From its inaugural year 1865 until 1871, Macdonald was Master (principal) of the Oxford School of Art housed in the future Ashmolean Museum. When John Ruskin became Slade Professor at the University of Oxford, he was critical of the teaching methods at the school and in 1871 founded the Ruskin School of Drawing, retaining Macdonald as master. Ruskin, not being able to take all classes, entrusted these to Macdonald, as the first to hold the position of Ruskin Master, a position he held until his death in 1921. Ruskin had, through pressure from the backers of his new school, reluctantly accepted Macdonald, who as Master of the Oxford School of Art taught to the South Kensington system which Ruskin despised, and when as Ruskin Master didn't adhere to Ruskin-ian principles of copying from "stone, leaves and flowers" rather than directly from the life model or En plein air. Ruskin, on retirement as Slade Professor, attempted to have Macdonald removed as Ruskin Master, but this failed because of the support Macdonald received from the governing body of the Ruskin, particularly from Henry Acland and Henry Liddell.
While at the Ruskin School of Drawing Macdonald taught part-time at Radley College and took in private students, this to supplement his salary which was, for twenty years, provided by Ruskin. Between 1890 and 1908 he was Keeper of the Oxford University Galleries.
# Cale (name)

Cale is a surname and a male given name. Cale may refer to:

## People
### Given name

* Cale J. Bradford, American judge
* Cale Boyter (born 1972), American film producer
* Cale Case (born 1958), American politician and economist
* Cale Conley (born 1992), American racing car driver
* Cale Dodds (born 1988), American country music artist
* Cale Fleury (born 1998), Canadian ice hockey player
* Cale Gale (born 1985), American racing driver
* Cale Gundy (born 1972), American football player
* Cale James Holder (1912–1983), American judge
* Cale Hooker (born 1988), Australian football player
* Cale Hulse (born 1973), Canadian ice hockey player
* Cale Iorg (born 1985), American baseball player
* Cale Keable (born 1976), American politician
* Cale Loughrey (born 2001), Canadian soccer player
* Cale Makar (born 1998), Canadian hockey player
* Cale Morton (born 1990), Australian football player
* Cale Parks, American musician
* Cale Sampson, Canadian hip-hop artist
* Cale Simmons (born 1991), American pole vaulter
* Cale Yarborough (born 1939), American racing car driver
* Cale Young Rice (1872–1943), American poet and dramatist

### Surname

* Bruce Cale (born 1939), Australian jazz musician
* David Cale (born 1958 or 1959), English-American playwright, actor, and songwriter
* Elton Calé (born 1988), Brazilian footballer
* Franklin Cale (born 1983), South African football player
* Guillaume Cale (died 1358), French peasant leader
* JJ Cale (1938–2013), American songwriter and musician
* John Cale (born 1942), Welsh musician
* Hrvoje Čale (born 1985), Croatian footballer
* Maya Cale-Bentzur (born 1958), Israeli Olympic runner and long jumper
* Pandeli Cale (1879–1923), Albanian politician
* Paula Cale (born 1970), American actress
* Ray Cale (1922–2006), Welsh rugby player
* Rosalie Balmer Smith Cale (1875–1958), American composer
* Thomas Cale (1848–1941), American politician
* Zachary Cale (born 1978), American singer-songwriter

## Fiction

* Cale (Ronin Warriors), a character in the anime Ronin Warriors
* Erevis Cale, fictional character in the Forgotten Realms book series
* Veronica Cale, fictional character in the DC Comics universe
* Cale Tucker, fictional character and the main protagonist of the Don Bluth film Titan A.E.
* John Cale, fictional character in the film White House Down
* Thomas Cale, fictional character in the Paul Hoffman novel The Left Hand of God
* Cale Henituse, fictional character and the main protagonist of the novel Lout of the count's family
# Yenduru Venkata Krishna Mohan

Lieutenant General Yenduru Venkata Krishna Mohan, PVSM AVSM, SM, VSM is a retired Indian Army general who last served as the Commandant of the Defence Services Staff College. He previously served as the Commander, IX Corps of the Indian Army. He assumed the post after Lt. General Satinder Kumar Saini took over as the GOC-in-C, Southern Command.

## Early life and education

Mohan was born in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh. He is an alumnus of Sainik School, Korukonda, Andhra Pradesh; National Defence Academy, Pune; and Defence Services Staff College, Wellington. He has also attended Royal College of Defence Studies, London.

## Career

He was commissioned into 7th battalion of 11 Gorkha Rifles in 1981. He has served in various high-altitude areas like Sikkim, Ladakh and Siachen Glacier. He has commanded an infantry brigade in a high-altitude area and 17th Mountain Division (Gangtok). His staff appointments include Assistant Chief Integrated Defence Staff (Joint Operations) at HQ Integrated Defence Staff. His instructional appointments include the commandant of National Defence College, Delhi.
During his career, he has been awarded the Vishisht Seva Medal (2015), the Sena Medal during Operation Meghdoot (2005), Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2019, and Param Vishisht Seva Medal in 2021 for his service.

## Military awards and aecorations

| Param Vishisht Seva Medal | Sena Medal | Vishisht Seva Medal | Highest Peacetime Medal |
| Ati Vishisht Seva Medal | Sena Medal | Vishisht Seva Medal | Special Service Medal |
| Siachen Glacier Medal | Sainya Seva Medal | Operation Parakram Medal | High Altitude Service Medal |
| 50th Anniversary of Independence Medal | 30 Years Long Service Medal | 20 Years Long Service Medal | 9 Years Long Service Medal |
# Bert Gadd

Albert Gadd (31 May 1909 – November 2003) was an English professional golfer. He won the French Open in 1933, the Irish Open in 1937 and twice finished in the top 10 in The Open Championship.
Gadd was one of a number of golfing brothers, including George who was in the 1927 Ryder Cup team.

## Tournament wins

* 1932 Staffordshire Professional Championship
* 1933 Open de France
* 1934 Midland Open
* 1935 Midland Open
* 1937 Irish Open, Dunlop-Northern Tournament
* 1946 Northumberland and Durham Professional Championship
* 1950 Northumberland and Durham Open
* 1953 Northumberland and Durham Open
* 1955 Northumberland and Durham Professional Championship, Northumberland and Durham Open
* 1956 Northumberland and Durham Professional Championship, Northumberland and Durham Open
* 1957 Northumberland and Durham Professional Championship
* 1959 Northumberland and Durham Professional Championship
Source:

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 |
| The Open Championship | CUT | T22 | T21 | T4 | T21 | CUT | T10 | CUT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | | WD | | | | | CUT |
Note: Gadd only played in The Open Championship.
NT = No tournament WD = withdrew CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" indicates a tie for a place

## Team appearances

* England–Scotland Professional Match (representing England): 1933 (winners), 1935 (winners)
* England–Ireland Professional Match (representing England): 1933 (winners)
* Llandudno International Golf Trophy (representing England): 1938 (winners)
# Len Holland

Leonard Holland (born c. 1888) was an English professional golfer. He finished in the top-10 in the Open Championship in 1920 and 1924.
He was brought up in Caister-on-Sea, Norfolk and was later professional at Northamptonshire County Golf Club from 1911 and then, from 1924, at Gerrards Cross Golf Club.
In 1914 he won the Sphere and Tatler Foursomes Tournament in partnership with James Batley, beating the Scottish pair of C McIntosh and George Smith 5&4 in the final. His biggest individual win was in the 1925 Yorkshire Evening News Tournament. He beat James Ockenden 3&2 in the final.

## Professional wins

* 1914 Sphere and Tatler Foursomes Tournament (with James Batley)
* 1925 Yorkshire Evening News Tournament
* 1930 West of England Professional Championship

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 1911 | 1912 | 1913 | 1914 | 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 |
| The Open Championship | T35 | | | T34 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| Tournament | 1920 | 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | 1924 | 1925 | 1926 | 1927 | 1928 | 1929 |
| The Open Championship | 5 | T16 | T12 | T25 | T6 | | CUT | T23 | WD | |
| Tournament | 1930 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 |
| The Open Championship | T32 | T23 | | | | T27 | | CUT | | CUT |
Note: Holland only played in The Open Championship.
NT = No tournament WD = withdrew CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" indicates a tie for a place
# Spin foam

In physics, the topological structure of spinfoam or spin foam consists of two-dimensional faces representing a configuration required by functional integration to obtain a Feynman's path integral description of quantum gravity. These structures are employed in loop quantum gravity as a version of quantum foam.

## In loop quantum gravity

The covariant formulation of loop quantum gravity provides the best formulation of the dynamics of the theory of quantum gravity – a quantum field theory where the invariance under diffeomorphisms of general relativity applies. The resulting path integral represents a sum over all the possible configurations of spin foam.

### Spin network

A spin network is a two-dimensional graph, together with labels on its vertices and edges which encode aspects of a spatial geometry.
A spin network is defined as a diagram like the Feynman diagram which makes a basis of connections between the elements of a differentiable manifold for the Hilbert spaces defined over them, and for computations of amplitudes between two different hypersurfaces of the manifold. Any evolution of the spin network provides a spin foam over a manifold of one dimension higher than the dimensions of the corresponding spin network. A spin foam is analogous to quantum history.

### Spacetime

Spin networks provide a language to describe the quantum geometry of space. Spin foam does the same job for spacetime.
Spacetime can be defined as a superposition of spin foams, which is a generalized Feynman diagram where instead of a graph, a higher-dimensional complex is used. In topology this sort of space is called a 2-complex. A spin foam is a particular type of 2-complex, with labels for vertices, edges and faces. The boundary of a spin foam is a spin network, just as in the theory of manifolds, where the boundary of an n-manifold is an (n-1)-manifold.
In loop quantum gravity, the present spin foam theory has been inspired by the work of Ponzano–Regge model. The idea was introduced by Reisenberger and Rovelli in 1997, and later developed into the Barrett–Crane model. The formulation that is used nowadays is commonly called EPRL after the names of the authors of a series of seminal papers, but the theory has also seen fundamental contributions from the work of many others, such as Laurent Freidel (FK model) and Jerzy Lewandowski (KKL model).

## Definition

The summary partition function for a spin foam model is
$Z:=\sum _{\Gamma }w(\Gamma )\left[\sum _{j_{f},i_{e}}\prod _{f}A_{f}(j_{f})\prod _{e}A_{e}(j_{f},i_{e})\prod _{v}A_{v}(j_{f},i_{e})\right]$
with:
* a set of 2-complexes $\Gamma$ each consisting out of faces $f$, edges $e$ and vertices $v$. Associated to each 2-complex $\Gamma$ is a weight $w(\Gamma )$
* a set of irreducible representations $j$ which label the faces and intertwiners $i$ which label the edges.
* a vertex amplitude $A_{v}(j_{f},i_{e})$ and an edge amplitude $A_{e}(j_{f},i_{e})$
* a face amplitude $A_{f}(j_{f})$, for which we almost always have $A_{f}(j_{f})=\dim(j_{f})$
# Neohydatothrips samayunkur

Neohydatothrips samayunkur, the marigold thrips, is a species of thrips in the family Thripidae. It is found in Africa, Australia, Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China), Central America, and North America.
Taxonomic note:
# 1893 Geneva Covenanters football team

The 1893 Geneva Covenanters football team was an American football team that represented Geneva College as an independent during the 1893 college football season. Led by fourth-year head coach William McCracken, Geneva compiled a record of 2–2–1.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 14 | 2:45 p.m. | at Washington & Jefferson | College ParkWashington, PA | W 12–6 | |
| October 21 | | at Pittsburgh Athletic Club | P. A. C. ParkPittsburgh, PA | L 0–18 | |
| November 18 | 2:30 p.m. | Washington & Jefferson | Beaver Falls, PA | W 28–10 | |
| November 25 | | at Pittsburgh Athletic Club | P. A. C. ParkPittsburgh, PA | L 4–26 | 400 |
| November 29 | | at Grove City | Grove City, PA | T 0–0 | |
# Agha Narg

Agha Narg (circa 1900 - late 1960s) was an Afghan local official.
She was the daughter of Mohammad Baig, who served as the Arbab, a local political post of formal arbiter of a community. She was given an elementary education at home. She became a prominent woman in the village of Tagaw Barg in Panjaw, Bamiyan province.
In the 1950s, she was appointed to succeed her father as the Arbab of the communities of Nargis, Gargar and Tagaw Barg. She was a successful local official. She was described as dedicated and passionate of the interests of her community. She enjoyed great confidence of the local public, who often sought her advice and judgment over that of government officials. She kept her post during the 1960s.
She died at the age of sixty in the late 1960s. Agha Narg was one of very few women known to have served formally and directly in the post of arbab of an urban community in Afghanistan. Of the few others was Mah-e-Alam, an Ismaili woman who represented the Dand village of Zibak District in Badakhsan Province in the early 1970s, and Arbab Khadija, the daughter of Murad Ali Karbalaye, who served as arbab of Anta and Shatu villages of Bamiyan in the late 1970s.
# 1893 Worcester Tech football team

The 1893 Worcester Tech football team was an American football team that represented Worcester Polytechnic Institute in the 1893 college football season.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 23 | at Trinity (CT) | Worcester Oval, Worcester, MA | T 16–16 | |
| September 30 | Massachusetts | Worcester, MA | W 16–0 | |
| October 7 | Brown | Worcester, MA | L 0–30 | |
| October 21 | Boston Tech (MIT) | Worcester OvalWorcester, MA | L 0–40 | |
| October 30 | at Amherst | Amherst, MA | L 4–34 | |
| November 4 | Trinity (CT) | Hartford, CT | W 0–10 | 150 |
| November 8 | at Williams | | L 0–66 | |