OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Shaw (painter)

John Palmer Shaw (April 23, 1948 - January 3, 2019) was an American/Canadian painter and printmaker.
Shaw's work is in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art, the Brooklyn Museum, the New York Public Library and the Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University.

## Biography

Shaw was born in San Mateo, California. He attended Lane High School in Charlottesville, Virginia, and in 1972 received a BFA from The Maryland Institute College of Art (MICA) in Baltimore. He also attended The Art Students League in New York City.
After graduating from art school in Baltimore, Shaw moved to Washington DC. Two years later, in 1974, he moved to Cape Cod for a year and then to New York City in 1975.
For the 15 years he lived in New York, Shaw showed in downtown artist-organized venues and galleries. He rarely traveled north of Houston Street. In 1989, amidst changes in New York City, he moved to Montreal.
# Varjão de Minas

Varjão de Minas is a municipality in the north of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Its population in 2020 was 7,138 inhabitants in a total area of 653 km$^2$.
Varjão de Minas belongs to the Paracatu statistical microregion. The elevation of the municipal seat is 900 meters. It became a municipality in 1995. This municipality is located on federal highway BR-3658 km. northeast of Patos de Minas.
Neighboring municipalities are: Presidente Olegário, São Gonçalo do Abaeté, João Pinheiro and Bom Sucesso de Patos.
The main economic activities are cattle raising (32,000 head in 2006) and farming. There was also production of charcoal from eucalyptus plantations. This charcoal is transported to the industrial region near Belo Horizonte to be used in the steel and iron industry. The GDP was R$69,613,000 (2005). There were 02 banking agencies in 2006. In the rural area there were 277 farms with 50,000 hectares of agricultural land, 6,000 hectares of which were planted, 28,000 were in natural pasture, and 13,000 were in woodland or forest. Around 1,000 people were involved in the agricultural sector. There were 90 tractors, a ratio of one tractor for every 30 farms. The main crops were rice, sugarcane, beans, tomatoes, soybeans, and corn. In the health sector there were 2 health clinics. Patos de Minas, 50 km. away on paved roads has complete health facilities.
The score on the Municipal Human Development Index was 0.736. This ranked Varjão de Minas 380 out of 853 municipalities in the state, with Poços de Caldas in first place with 0.841 and Setubinha in last place with 0.568.
# Georges Stockly

Georges Stockly (1 August 1916 – 10 December 1984) was a Swiss basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Steroidobacter denitrificans

Steroidobacter denitrificans is a Gram-negative and motile bacterium from the genus of Steroidobacter which has been isolated from anoxic sewage sludge from Soers in Germany. Steroidobacter denitrificans has the ability to degrade steroid hormones.
# Frederick Robert Tennant

Frederick Robert Tennant (1 September 1866 – 9 September 1957), best known as F. R. Tennant was a British theologian, philosopher of religion and author.

## Career

Tennant studied mathematics, physics, biology, and chemistry at Caius College, Cambridge (1885–89) prior to becoming a theologian. After hearing the 1889 Huxley lectures, Tennant's interest in religion grew in the 1890s ultimately leading him to prepare for ordination in the Church of England. While he was ordained he taught science at Newcastle-under-Lyme High School (1891–94), and became a lecturer in Theology and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge in 1913.
As an Anglican theologian, Tennant assimilated much of Huxley's lectures culminating in the 1901–1902 Hulsean Lecture entitled Origin and Propagation of Sin where he integrated evolutionary ideas into a Christian synthesis.
One of Tennant's goals in his writings was an integrative synthesis of the doctrines of the fall and original sin with Huxley’s claims of conflict between Darwinian thought and Christianity.

## Evolution and purpose

Tennant believed that the existence of a god was needed to explain the alleged purposive quality of evolution. Tennant was the first theist widely known to put forward such an argument. In volume 2 of his book Philosophical Theology he says:
   "The multitude of interwoven adaptations by which the world is constituted a theatre of life, intelligence, and morality, cannot reasonably be regarded as an outcome of mechanism, or of blind formative power, or aught but purposive intelligence."
He was an advocate of theistic evolution. Tennant made an argument from design from the "quality of the evolution process".

## Publications

* The Nature of Belief The Centenary Press (1938)
* Philosophical Theology, Vol. 1: The Soul & Its Faculties Cambridge University Press (1968) (originally 1928)
* Philosophical Theology, Volume 2 The University Press, 1968 (originally 1930)
* The origin and propagation of sin;: being the Hulsean Lectures delivered before the University of Cambridge in 1901–1902 Cornell University Library (1 May 2009) (originally 1908)
* With Alan Tennant The Sources of the Doctrines of the Fall and Original Sin (2012) RareBooksClub.com ISBN 978-1152479906
* The Concept of Sin (2012) General Books LLC ISBN 978-1151101518
# Trudy Groenman

Gertruida Johanna "Trudy" Groenman (born 15 January 1944) is a Dutch former tennis player. She was three times Netherlands champion.

## Career

Groenman was Netherlands girls' junior champion in 1961 in the 18-and-under class, and Netherlands women's champion in 1964, 1965 and 1966. In 1964 she also won the Netherlands national women's doubles championship, with Anja Lepoutre, a fellow member of the Groningen Lawn Tennis Club, and the Netherlands national mixed doubles championship, with Tom Okker. In 1965 and 1971 she again won the women's doubles championship, both times with Els Spruyt.
In international play, she reached the quarter-finals at Wimbledon in 1966. She and Tom Okker reached the semi-finals of the Wimbledon mixed doubles in 1964. In 1967 she reached the final of the US Indoors, where she lost to Billie Jean King 6–1, 6–0.
After marrying Christiaan Gerrit Walhof, she played under the name Trudy Walhof-Groenman. After a pause in her tennis career to raise a family, she became Netherlands senior champion, beating Els Veentje in the over-40s group. Since 1987 she has been married to Marinus Anton Holboom. She currently lives in The Hague.
Groenman was a left-handed player, whose style was compared to Billie Jean King's.

## Career finals
### Singles (2 runner-ups)

| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Runner-up | 1. | 18 July 1966 | Dutch Open, Hilversum, Netherlands | Clay | Annette Van Zyl | 3–6, 1–6 |
| Runner-up | 2. | 19 February 1967 | U.S. Indoor Championships, Winchester, U.S. | Carpet (i) | Billie Jean King | 1–6, 0–6 |
# Rolando Figueroa

Rolando Ceferino Figueroa (born 14 April 1969) is an Argentine politician, currently serving as a Governor of Neuquén Province since 10 December 2023. He previously served as National Deputy elected in Neuquén. A member of the regionalist Neuquén People's Movement party until 2022, Figueroa was elected in 2021 and currently sits in the Provincias Unidas inter-bloc.
Figueroa previously served as Vice Governor of Neuquén from 2015 to 2019, under Governor Omar Gutiérrez. Prior to that, he was mayor of Chos Malal from 2011 to 2015, and a member of the Legislature of Neuquén from 2007 to 2011.
He was elected governor in the April 2023 provincial elections.

## Early life and career

Figueroa was born on 14 April 1969 in Andacollo, Neuquén Province, into an important family in the province. His grandfather, Temístocles Figueroa, was the first native-born Argentine citizen in Neuquén, while his uncle, Rogelio Figueroa, was active in local politics in Huinganco and is widely known for promoting afforestation efforts in the region.
He studied public accounting at the National University of Comahue.

## Political career

From 2007 to 2011, Figueroa was a member of the Legislature of Neuquén elected in the Neuquén People's Movement list. In 2011, he was elected as intendente (mayor) of Chos Malal. In the 2015 provincial elections, Figueroa was the running mate of Omar Gutiérrez in the MPN ticket to the governorship of Neuquén: with 40.57% of the vote, the MPN maintained its unbroken streak as the province's governing party since the return of democracy in 1983.

### National Deputy

In the 2021 legislative election, Figueroa ran for one of Neuquén's seats in the National Chamber of Deputies as part of the MPN list; he won in the PASO primaries against the list supported by Governor Gutiérrez in September 2021, and became the party's candidate ahead of the general election. In the general election, the MPN list was the most voted in the province, with 29.44% of the vote, and Figueroa was elected. He was the sole MPN deputy in the 2021–2023 term, and formed part of the "Provincias Unidas" parliamentary inter-bloc alongside other provincial parties such as Misiones' FRC and Río Negro's JSRN.
# Lidia Ascárate

Lidia Ascárate is an Argentine politician who is a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina
She was elected in 2019.
# Mariana Stilman

Mariana Stilman is an Argentine politician who is a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina.

## Biography

Stilman worked as a lawyer before she was elected in 2019.
# Mario Leito

Mario Leito is an Argentine politician who is a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina.

## Biography

Leito was a lawyer before being elected in 2019
# Eber Pérez Plaza

Eber Pérez Plaza is an Argentine politician who is a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina representing Mendoza since 2021. He previously worked as an attorney before venturing into politics.
# Agustina Propato

Agustina Propato (born 25 June 1982) is an Argentine politician who is a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina.

## Biography

She was a lawyer who was elected in 2021. She is married to former Buenos Aires Province security minister Sergio Berni.
# Tickley

Tickley is a small hamlet in the large civil parish of Bentworth in Hampshire, England. It is considered a part of neighbouring Burkham which is situated 1.2 miles (1.9 km) away; however, it is an individual settlement.
The nearest town is Alton, which lies about 4.2 miles (6.9 km) to the south-east. Its nearest railway station was formerly the Bentworth and Lasham railway station on the Basingstoke and Alton Light Railway, until its closure in 1932. The nearest railway station is now 3.6 miles (5.8 km) east of the village, at Alton.
# Sunil Kumar (born 1988)

Sunil Kumar Singh is an Indian politician and former IPS officer. He is currently serving as Education Minister of Bihar. He is elected as Member of Bihar Legislative Assembly from Bhore. He also served as SSP for Patna district for more than 6 years from 1997. In 2020 he retired as the Director General-cum-Managing Director, Bihar Police Building Construction Corporation, after that he joined Janata Dal (United), political party. He did MA in History from St Stephen's College New Delhi in 1984.
# Garrya wrightii

Garrya wrightii is a species of flowering plant in the family Garryaceae known by the common names Wright's silktassel, quinine-bush, coffee berry, bearberry, feverbush, and grayleaf dogwood.

## Distribution

The plant is native to northern Mexico and to the southwestern United States in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. It is found growing on rocky slopes and in crevices of cliffs, from 5,000–8,000 feet (1,500–2,400 m) in elevation.

## Description

Garrya wrightii is a shrub slowly growing up to 12–36 feet (3.7–11.0 m) tall. It has branches that are square in cross-section and thick, tough leaves.
The species is dioecious with male and female reproductive parts occurring on separate plants. Both flower types are borne in catkin-like spikes. They are green.
The fruit is a rounded purple berry under a centimeter wide containing one or two seeds. The seeds are dispersed by birds that eat the berries.

## Ecology

This shrub grows in chaparral, pinyon-juniper woodlands, and Madrean pine-oak woodlands. It is rarely dominant but it occurs in many types of plant communities.
It grows alongside many species of oak such as Emory oak (Quercus emoryi), gray oak (Quercus grisea), and Coahuila scrub oak (Quercus intricata).
Other plants in the habitats may include birchleaf mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides), true mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus), skunkbush sumac (Rhus trilobata), desert ceanothus (Ceanothus greggii), pointleaf manzanita (Arctostaphylos pungens), Pringle manzanita (Arctostaphylos pringlei), yellowleaf silktassel (Garrya flavescens), and hollyleaf buckthorn (Rhamnus crocea).
It is adapted to wildfire-prone habitat, resprouting after being top-killed in fires.

## Uses

Small amounts of rubber can be made from it.
Livestock occasionally eat the plant, goats are especially partial to it. Cattle tend to dislike it because of its bitter taste. Many wild ungulates, such as mule deer, bighorn sheep, and elk browse it.

### Cultivation

Garrya wrightii is cultivated as an ornamental plant, for planting as a shrub or small multi-trunked tree in gardens. It is used in drought tolerant and wildlife gardens, in natural landscaping design, for erosion control, and for habitat restoration projects.
# The Immortals (band)

The Immortals are a band consisting of Belgian electronic musicians Maurice "Praga Khan" Engelen and Olivier Adams, best known for their work in the techno/industrial dance/New Beat band Lords of Acid.
The side project was created for the first Mortal Kombat soundtrack in 1994; however, they debuted their track "Techno Syndrome (Mortal Kombat)" in 1993 when it was released as a single. The original music was mixed with sound effects from the Mortal Kombat arcade game. The song was used as part of the Mortal Kombat commercial for the home systems that announced its single release as well. It was also used in TV commercials for the Mortal Kombat movie and Mortal Kombat: Live Tour, and it was released the same year when the game was released for home consoles. The track has also subsequently become known as "the Mortal Kombat theme song".

## Discography
### Albums

* Mortal Kombat: The Album (1994)
* Mortal Kombat (soundtrack) (1995)
* Mortal Kombat: Annihilation (soundtrack) (1997)

### Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | AUS | Album |
| "Mortal Kombat" | 1993 | 55 | Mortal Kombat: The Album |
| "Sonya (Go Go Go)" | 1994 | — | |
# Ugenya Constituency

Ugenya Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya, established for the 1963 elections. It is one of six constituencies of Siaya County. based on the 2019 census report by the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS), Ugenya is home to 134,354 people (62,624 males, 71,726 females and 4 intersex). The first Professor from Ugenya was Prof. Henry Odera Oruka. It is also home to Kenyan famous senior council and the incumbent governor of Siaya County Bob James Orengo.

## Members of Parliament

| Elections | MP | Party | Notes |
| 1963 | John Odero Sar | KPU | One-party system |
| 1969 | Matthews Joseph Ogutu | KANU | One-party system |
| 1974 | Matthews Joseph Ogutu | KANU | One-party system |
| 1979 | Matthews Joseph Ogutu | KANU | One-party system |
| 1980 | James Orengo | KANU | By-elections |
| 1983 | Stephen Oluoch Ondiek | KANU | One-party system. |
| 1988 | Stephen Oluoch Ondiek | KANU | One-party system. |
| 1992 | James Orengo | Ford-K | |
| 1997 | James Orengo | Ford-K | |
| 2002 | Stephen Oluoch Ondiek | NARC | |
| 2007 | James Orengo | ODM | |
| 2013 | David Ochieng Ouma | ODM | |
| 2017 | Chris Odhiambo Karan | ODM | |
| 2019 | David Ochieng Ouma | MDG | By-election |

## Wards

| Ward | Registered Voters | Local Authority |
| Ambira / Ngunya | 4,070 | Ugunja town |
| East Ugenya | 4,770 | Siaya County |
| Magoya / Rambula | 3,014 | Ugunja town |
| North East Ugenya | 10,357 | Siaya County |
| North Ugenya | 6,771 | Ukwala town |
| North West Ugenya | 4,634 | Ukwala town |
| South Ugenya | 8,249 | Siaya County |
| Ugunja | 2,972 | Ugunja town |
| Uholo East | 5,389 | Siaya County |
| Uholo North | 4,828 | Siaya County |
| Ukwala East | 4,409 | Ukwala town |
| Ukwala West | 4,330 | Ukwala town |
| Umala | 2,738 | Ugunja town |
| West Ugenya | 3,817 | Siaya County |
| Total | 70,348 |
| *September 2005. |||
The larger Ugenya constituency having been found to be very large was later subdivided into two constituencies namely Ugunja and Ugenya Constituencies.
Ugenya constituency has four wards namely
. East ugenya ward
West Ugenya ward
North ugenya ward
South Ugenya ward(Ukwala)

## Villages in ugenya east

These are some of the villages found within Ugenya east ward within Ugenya sub county.
Bondo kolalo, Sihayi, Ujuan'ga, Lur, Uringi, Urenga, Ramunde, komoro, usinda, Inungo, Bar-ober, Murumba, Masasia, ohando, uyore, Sirisia, kowinga
* Maugo
# 55th Armoured Regiment (India)

55th Armoured Regiment is part of the Armoured Corps of the Indian Army. The present Colonel of the regiment is Lieutenant General Ajai Singh, AVSM.
The Regiment had the honour of participating in the Republic Day parade in 2014 with their T-90 tanks.
The motto of the regiment is युद्धाय दृढ़ निश्चय (Yudhyay Dridh Nishchay), which translates to ‘Into Battle with Resolve’.
# Kinking hair

Kinking hair, or acquired progressive kinking of hair, is a skin condition primarily reposted in postpubescent males with androgenetic alopecia, presenting with gradual curling and darkening of the frontal, temporal, auricular, and vertex hairs which, under the microscope, show kinks and twists with or without longitudinal grooving.$^{:647}$$^{:767}$

## Signs and symptoms

Kinking hair is characterized by acquired curling of the hair. The hair might appear frizzy or lusterless. Increased hair shedding is usually the most problematic symptom.

## Causes

The cause of hair kinking remains a mystery. It has been suggested as a potential mechanism that hair kinking is a hair cycle disease associated with dysregulation in the inner root sheath of the hair bulb and the shortening of anagen hairs.

## Diagnosis

The diagnostic criteria for kinking hair is as follows:
* an acquired, bounded patch of woolly, dull hair in the frontal, temporal, or parietal regions that is not associated with prior trauma. Hair that is twisted, tortuous, and uneven, with the initial twist showing 2-4 cm after the hair emerges.
* A periodic decline in the diameter of the hair shaft, observed under optical microscopy, with flattened and expanded sections alternating.
* A spindle-shaped widening with sporadic fractures, a partial twisting of the hair on its longitudinal axis with a 180-degree rotation, and an increased number of cuticular cells per diameter in the twisted sections were observed using scanning electron microscopy.
# Trichuris muris

Trichuris muris is a nematode parasite of mice. It is similar enough to the human roundworm parasite Trichuris trichiura to show immunological cross-reactivity, and so is often used in related studies.

## Lifecycle

Ingesting material that contains embryonated eggs allows for transmission and infection to occur. The eggs travel down to the cecum - a pouch located at the start of the large intestine - where larval hatching is induced. The larvae proceed to penetrate through the mucosal epithelium, then molt into their secondary stage of infection after 9–11 days. About 17 days after infection, the larvae arrive at the tertiary stage followed by a quaternary molt 5 days later. The larvae complete their last molt 29 days after infection and transform into mature dioecious adults. These whipworms use their anterior ends to embed themselves into the cells that line the walls of the large intestine. After establishing their place in the intestinal wall, the adult worms mate and release unembryonated eggs into the environment via the feces.
Trichuris muris relies on direct contact with intestinal bacteria to promote hatching of the embryonated eggs. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) and E. coli strains, the bacteria are seen to gather specifically around the opercula, which are located at the poles of the eggs. The bacteria contain type 1 fimbriae, which possess adhesin FimH at their fimbrial tips. FimH interacts with a mannosylated receptor found on the egg's surface. When bound, a signal transduction cascade is triggered and results in the worm emerging from the egg. Temperature, in particular at 37 °C, serves as an additional hatching cue; this specific temperature is thought to prevent T. muris eggs from hatching in unideal outside environments.
The relationship between T. muris and bacteria also has a significant effect on the host's immune response. The activation of type 2 helper cells (Th2) is decreased in the presence of antibiotics because fewer whipworms bind to the intestinal walls. This, in turn, drives up the proliferation and differentiation of Th17 and Th1 cells. About 18 days after infection, the worm burden in antibiotically treated mice was drastically reduced, further supporting the notion that bacteria are essential to the worms' establishment.
# Grande De América

Grande De América is a studio album by Chabuca Granda released on the RCA Victor label in 1973.
The album was recorded during a period when Granda was living in Mexico. On side A of the album, she sang new compositions, including "¡Donde estás... Adelita! (Coplas a la Adelita)". She was accompanied on these recordings by Lucho González and Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlán, under the direction of Rubén Fuentes. On Side B, she sang some of her most important older waltzes, including "Fina estampa", "José Antonio", and "La flor de la canela". She was accompanied on these tracks by Óscar Avilés on guitar and Chucho Ferrer on the organ.
Four songs from the album were later reissued on RCA's 2003 compilation celebrating 100 years of Latin American folklore music, "Lo Mejor del Folklore Latinoamericano: Coleccion RCA 100 Anos de Musica".

## Track listing

Side A
* "¡Donde estás... Adelita! (Coplas a la Adelita)"
* "El puente de los suspiros"
* "En la margen opuesta "
* "María Sueños "
* "Camarón"
Side B
* "Fina estampa"
* "José Antonio"
* "Zeño Manué "
* "El dueño ausente"
* "La flor de la canela"
# John Rasmussen (professor)

John Rasmussen is a professor of biomechanics at Aalborg University. His research is aimed both at solid mechanics, biomechanics, biomedical engineering and sports engineering.

## Education and research

John Rasmussen was educated at Aalborg University, where he graduated as MA in 1986, and three years later received his PhD in computer-aided engineering. In addition to his academic work, John Rasmussen acted as chief executive officer at AnyBody Technology A/S from 2001 to 2008 and subsequently became the CTO of the same company. Furthermore, Rasmussen publishes research on a personal blog.
Rasmussen's research has influenced the theoretical field of structural optimisation in the late 1980s by applying the finite element method as the engine of his research, thus enabling optimisation of practical structures rather than conducting academic examples.
In the late 1990s, he formed the AnyBody Research Project at Aalborg University, which he is still a leading part of. One of the goals of his research is to develop methods for analysing the biomechanics of the human body involving bones, joints, muscles and tendons.
His research has contributed to the treatment of osteoarthritis, general disability and the optimisation of sports performances. Furthermore, John Rasmussen has initiated a new branch of interdisciplinary biomechanics in cooperation with Aalborg University’s Laboratory for Stem Cell Research in the aetiology of pressure ulcers, which has led to new results in tissue engineering.