OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Veldskoen Shoes

Veldskoen Shoes is a South African shoe brand and company headquartered in Cape Town.

## History

Veldskoen Shoes was founded in 2016 by friends Nick Dreyer and Ross Zondagh. After watching the opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, it is believed that the pair held the viewpoint that the South African athletes had an opportunity to express their national heritage more profoundly through their attire at the opening ceremony. The two started envisioning the kind of outfits that could have more aptly embodied the essence of South Africa. While discussing options, Ross Zondagh proposed the idea of incorporating a pair of leather Veldskoen, citing their iconic status as South African shoes. However, Dreyer expressed scepticism, noting that Veldskoen was no longer considered fashionable. Their conversation delved into strategies for enhancing the shoe's appeal, infusing it with a sense of fashion-forwardness, and fostering a sense of unity among South Africans. The end product was in the form of brightly coloured soles and laces representing South Africa's flag and rainbow nation; which is Veldskoen Shoes trademark look.
The company chose the name 'Veldskoen' to honor a distinct style of shoe deeply rooted in South African tradition. In English, the name translates to 'field shoe,' reflecting its practical design and outdoor heritage. Their design is based on the traditional Khoisan footwear.

## Overseas markets

Veldskoen Shoes exports products to 32 countries. This includes the US, Australia, New Zealand, Taiwan, China, the Nordic countries, Canada, the entire Europe, and parts of Africa.
All Veldskoen Shoes raw materials are sourced locally, from South African businesses. From the leather to the thread and the thermoplastic rubber (TPR) components. Indirectly Veldskoen Shoes supports close to 100 people across the different factories and tanneries in South Africa. In 2019 businessman Mark Cuban and celebrity Ashton Kutcher acquired a 50% ownership stake in Veldskoen Shoes US business.
In 2019 Veldskoen Shoes made waves in British media after Prince Harry, who was touring South Africa with his wife, Meghan Markle, wore the brand.
In 2021 Veldskoen was named the official off-field shoe of South African athletes at the Olympic Games in Tokyo by the South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee (SASCOC). In 2020 Veldskoen Shoes collaborated with DHL to launch a limited edition sneaker in London called "Dear Everyone". Minnie Dlamini wore the sneaker at the Paris Fashion Week.
In June 2023 Valor Hospitality Partners and Veldskoen Shoes launched a strategic initiative to provide vellies to their Hotel Staff across the United States. In 2023 Veldskoen Shoes collaborated with Briana Evigan, American actress and dancer best known for her appearance in the Step Up (franchise), to create a Ranger "MoveMe" boot.

## Awards

2021 Veldskoen Shoes (Pty) Ltd was the winner in the small enterprises category at the South African AGOA Exporter of the Year Awards.
# Peter Mitchell (golfer)

Peter Robert Mitchell (born 6 April 1958) is an English professional golfer.
Mitchell was born in London. He turned professional at an early age in 1974, working in a club job before embarking on a tournament career several years later. He made his first appearance on the European Tour in 1979 and his last in 2003. In the early years he had difficulties holding on to his tour card, but in the thirteen-year stretch from 1988 to 2000 he finished in the top eighty of the European Tour Order of Merit every season, with a highest ranking of 12th in 1996. That same year he made his only appearance in the World Cup of Golf. He won three European Tour events: the 1992 Mitsubishi Austrian Open, the 1997 Madeira Island Open and the 1998 Portuguese Open.
Upon turning 50 in 2008, Mitchell joined the European Seniors Tour. He won three times during his rookie season, finishing in 3rd place on the Order of Merit, and won again the following year.

## Professional wins (7)
### European Tour wins (3)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1 | 14 Jun 1992 | Mitsubishi Austrian Open | −17 (74-62-73-62=271) | 1 stroke | Peter Fowler, David J. Russell, Jamie Spence |
| 2 | 30 Mar 1997 | Madeira Island Open | −12 (70-63-71=204)* | 1 stroke | Freddie Jacobson |
| 3 | 22 Mar 1998 | Portuguese Open | −18 (67-70-67-70=274) | 1 stroke | David Gilford, Jarmo Sandelin |
*Note: The 1997 Madeira Island Open was shortened to 54 holes due to weather.

### European Senior Tour wins (4)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1 | 15 Jun 2008 | Ryder Cup Wales Seniors Open | −3 (72-70-71=213) | 2 strokes | Ian Woosnam |
| 2 | 28 Sep 2008 | Scottish Seniors Open | −9 (71-67-69=207) | 2 strokes | Sam Torrance |
| 3 | 12 Oct 2008 | Lake Garda Italian Seniors Open | −13 (68-67-68=203) | 1 stroke | Gordon J. Brand, Ian Woosnam |
| 4 | 20 Sep 2009 | Casa Serena Open | −13 (67-67-66=200) | 3 strokes | Glenn Ralph, Peter Senior |

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 |
| The Open Championship | CUT | | | | | CUT | | | | 71 |
| Tournament | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| The Open Championship | CUT | CUT | | T22 | T73 | CUT | T20 | T27 | T51 | CUT |
Note: Mitchell only played in The Open Championship.
CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" indicates a tie for a place

## Team appearances

* World Cup (representing England): 1996
# Alto Tâmega Dam

Alto Tâmega Dam (Portuguese: Barragem do Alto Tâmega) is a concrete double curvature arch dam on the Tâmega River. It is located in the municipalities of Ribeira de Pena and Vila Pouca de Aguiar, in Vila Real District, Portugal.
It is part of the wider Tâmega Electricity-Generating Group formed of 3 dams and 3 plants
Iberdrola signed a 70-year concession with the Government of Portugal in July 2014 for the design, construction and operation of three projects: Alto Tâmega, Daivões and Gouvães dams.
Construction of the dam will be completed in 2024.

## Dam

Alto Tâmega Dam is a 106.5 m tall and 334 long double-curvature concrete.

## Reservoir

The reservoir surface area for the dam has 7.4 km$^2$.

## Power plant

The generating unit of the dam consists of two 80MW turbine units with a maximum flow rate of 200m³/s producing 139GWh of electricity a year. The dam contains two lateral spillways with combined discharge capacity of 1,825m³/s, which protect the dam from over-topping.
# Marginal land

Marginal land is land that is of little agricultural or developmental value because crops produced from the area would be worth less than any rent paid for access to the area. Although the term marginal is often used in a subjective sense for less-than-ideal lands, it is fundamentally an economic term that is defined by the local economic context. Thus what constitutes marginal land varies both with location and over time: for example, "a soil profile with a set of specific biophysical characteristics reported as “marginal” in the US corn belt may be one of the better soils available in another context". Changes in product values – such as the ethanol-demand induced spike in corn prices – can result in formerly marginal lands becoming profitable. Marginal lands can therefore be more difficult to delineate as compared to "abandoned crop lands" which reflect more clearly definable landowner-initiated land use changes.
Land may be marginal for a number of reasons, including poor water supply, poor soil quality, pollution from previous industrial activities, terrain challenges such as excessive slope, or excessive distance from means of transportation.
Marginal land is not entirely useless for human purposes. For example, certain breeds of free-roaming livestock, such as the English Leicester sheep, are able to forage on such land. There are also some plants that can be grown in land that would be considered marginal for most agricultural uses. For example, Cucurbita foetidissima, the buffalo gourd, is well adapted to marginal agricultural lands such as sandy loam soils which have to be well-drained. Land that is marginal for conventional row-crop production is often well-suited to perennial crops, including low-input crops grown as bioenergy or bioproduct feedstocks such as switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), shrub willow (Salix spp.), and giant miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus), allowing production of these crops without inducing competition for prime farmlands.
# Aaron Calver

Aaron Robert Calver (born 12 January 1996) is an Australian professional football (soccer) player who plays as a defender for Daejeon Hana Citizen.

## Early life

Calver attended Heathcote High School in southern Sydney.

## Career

On 30 December 2012, Calver was called up to the first team for Sydney's New Year's Eve clash against Adelaide United. Calver was substituted on in only the 14th minute of his sides 3–0 loss after Adam Griffiths sustained a leg injury. Aged only sixteen (and having become Sydney's second youngest ever player, behind Terry Antonis), Calver was soon in contention for a position in the starting lineup, with several other defenders in the squad injured.
In the 2014–15 season, Calver spent time playing at right-back, as well as his more customary centre-back role. In February 2015, Calver was slapped by a Western Sydney Wanderers fan after watching the Sydney Derby; he declined to press charges from the incident. In April 2015, Calver signed a new two-year deal with Sydney.
Calver signed with new side Western United for the 2019–20 A-League season. After two seasons with Western United Calver was released.
On 27 March 2022, Calver joined Gwangju FC of K League 2.
Calver transferred to K League 1 side Daejeon Hana Citizen ahead of the 2024 season.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played on 21 October 2023
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Sydney FC | 2012–13 | A-League | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 3 | 0 |
| Sydney FC | 2013–14 | A-League | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Sydney FC | 2014–15 | A-League | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Sydney FC | 2015–16 | A-League | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Sydney FC | 2016–17 | A-League | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Sydney FC | 2017–18 | A-League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Sydney FC | 2018–19 | A-League | 21 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 27 | 3 |
| Sydney FC | Total | Total | 50 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 65 | 3 |
| Western United | 2019–20 | A-League | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 16 | 1 |
| Western United | 2020–21 | A-League | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 18 | 0 |
| Western United | Total | Total | 34 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 1 |
| Perth Glory | 2021–22 | A-League Men | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 10 | 0 |
| Gwangju FC | 2022 | K League 2 | 25 | 3 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 26 | 3 |
| Gwangju FC | 2023 | K League 1 | 20 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 22 | 0 |
| Gwangju FC | Total | Total | 45 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 3 |
| Daejeon Hana Citizen | 2024 | K League 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 140 | 7 | 8 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 158 | 7 |

## Honours

Sydney
* National Youth League Premiership: 2013–14
* A-League Premiership: 2016–17, 2017–2018
* A-League Championship: 2018–19
Gwangju
* K League 2: 2022
# Šibenik Open

The Šibenik Open is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor clay courts. The event is classified as a $60,000 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour tournament and has been held in Šibenik, Croatia, since 2008.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2024 | Sára Bejlek | Darja Semeņistaja | 6–2, 6–0 |
| 2023 | Dimitra Pavlou | Jana Bojović | 7–5, 6–4 |
| 2022 | Jéssica Bouzas Maneiro | Leyre Romero Gormaz | 6–3, 6–3 |
| 2021 (2) | Léolia Jeanjean | Nefisa Berberović | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 2021 (1) | Dea Herdželaš | Darja Viďmanová | 6–2, 3–6, 6–4 |
| 2015–20 | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| 2014 | Katarina Jokić | Iva Mekovec | 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2013 | Ágnes Bukta | Barbora Krejčíková | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 2012 | Indire Akiki | Tjaša Šrimpf | 7–5, 6–2 |
| 2011 | Eugenie Bouchard | Jessica Ginier | 6–2, 6–0 |
| 2010 | Mădălina Gojnea | Conny Perrin | 6–2, 6–1 |
| 2009 | Evelyn Mayr | Annalisa Bona | 7–5, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$ |
| 2008 | Karolina Kosińska | Tamara Stojković | 7–5, 6–1 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2024 | Živa Falkner Amarissa Tóth | Raluca Șerban Anca Todoni | 2–1 ret. |
| 2023 | Tea Nikčević Lucie Urbanová | Marie Vogt Eva Marie Voracek | 7–5, 7–6$^{(7–4)}$ |
| 2022 | Weronika Falkowska Jaimee Fourlis | Eleni Christofi Christina Rosca | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 2021 (2) | Petra Marčinko Natália Szabanin | Nefisa Berberović Nicole Fossa Huergo | 6–4, 3–6, [10–4] |
| 2021 (1) | Petra Marčinko Natália Szabanin | Darya Astakhova Ekaterina Makarova | 6–4, 6–3 |
| 2015–20 | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| 2014 | Ágnes Bukta Viktoriya Tomova | Eva Rutarová Karolína Stuchlá | 7–6$^{(14–12)}$, 6–1 |
| 2013 | Barbora Krejčíková Polina Leykina | Cindy Burger Anna Klasen | 3–6, 6–3, [12–10] |
| 2012 | Sofiya Kovalets Hilda Melander | Vaszilisza Bulgakova Anne Schäfer | 2–1, ret. |
| 2011 | Mateja Kraljevic Amra Sadiković | Simona Dobrá Tereza Hladíková | 7–5, 6–3 |
| 2010 | Alexandra Cadanțu Dalia Zafirova | Maria Abramović Mădălina Gojnea | 6–2, 6–3 |
| 2009 | Teodora Mirčić Nataša Zorić | Tina Bohorič Mika Urbančič | 6–0, 6–3 |
| 2008 | Karolina Kosińska Darina Šeděnková | Nicole Clerico Giorgia Mortello | 4–6, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, [10–8] |
# Gwangmyeong Cave

Gwangmyeong Cave (Korean: 광명동굴) is a man-made cave in Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It is located on the far southwestern outskirts of Seoul. Since 2011, it has been open to the public as a tourist attraction, with amenities like a theme park, aquarium, and winery available inside. It is 7.8 km long.

## History

The cave was created during the Japanese colonial period and was a site of forced labor. After the end of that period in 1945, it continued to be used as a mine until 1972. Eventually, due to floods and polluted rice paddies nearby, the mine was made to close.
It was used as a storage facility for salted shrimp (saeu-jeot) from 1978 to 2010. Then, the Gwangmyeong city government purchased the land and made it into a theme park.
The cave complex re-opened in 2011. It now has historical exhibits, but is chiefly entertainment-focused, with aquariums, sculptures, light shows, children's amusements, and other attractions, including an underground winery.
The cave complex is popular, especially for its cooler underground temperatures in summer.
# Gene de Paul

Gene Vincent de Paul (June 17, 1919 – February 27, 1988) was an American pianist, composer and songwriter.

## Biography

Born in New York City, he served in the United States Army during World War II. He was married to Billye Louise Files (November 23, 1924 – January 30, 1977) of Jack County, Texas.
He joined the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) in 1941, and went on to compose the music for many motion pictures. He was nominated (with Don Raye) for an Academy Award for Best Music, Original Song in 1942 for the song "Pig Foot Pete" from the movie Hellzapoppin. The song actually was not included in that movie, but in the 1941 feature, Keep 'Em Flying, and was thus ineligible for the nomination and award. The award was given to "White Christmas".
De Paul collaborated with Johnny Mercer, Don Raye, Carolyn Leigh, Charles Rinker and others at Universal Studios, Walt Disney Studios and other Hollywood companies.
De Paul composed the 1953 hit song "Teach Me Tonight".
De Paul was one of the composers of the songs and dances, along with lyricist Johnny Mercer, for the 1954 musical film Seven Brides for Seven Brothers.
He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1985.
Gene de Paul died in February 1988, at the age of 68, and was interred in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Hollywood Hills.

## Musical film credits

* Seven Brides for Seven Brothers 1954 with lyrics by Johnny Mercer
* Lil Abner partnered with Johnny Mercer

## Broadway credits

* Li'l Abner 1956 with lyrics by Johnny Mercer

## Notable songs

* 1941 "I'll Remember April", w & m Don Raye, Patricia Johnston & Gene de Paul
* 1941 "You Don't Know What Love Is", w & m Don Raye & Gene de Paul
* 1941 "Gimme Some Skin, My Friend", (performed by The Andrews Sisters in the Abbott and Costello film In the Navy) w & m Don Raye & Gene de Paul
* 1942 "Cow Cow Boogie (Cuma-Ti-Yi-Yi-Ay)", music by Don Raye, lyrics by Benny Carter & Gene de Paul, featured in Ride 'Em Cowboy that year, and many films since, including The Aviator, Raging Bull, and The Joker Is Wild.
* 1943 "Star Eyes", w & m Don Raye & Gene de Paul from the film I Dood It
* 1944 "Mr. Five by Five", w & m Don Raye & Gene de Paul
* "He's My Guy" w & m Raye & de Paul, introduced in the 1943 film of the same name, and recorded by Ella Fitzgerald, Peggy Lee and also Dinah Shore (included on the CD The War Years: Songs That Won The War, released 2001).
* 1953 "Teach Me Tonight" with lyrics by Sammy Cahn
# Remistus

Remistus (died September 17, 456) was a general of the Western Roman Empire and commander-in-chief of the army under Emperor Avitus.

## Life

Remistus was a Visigoth, as shown by his Germanic name. In 456 Remistus reached a high military rank under Emperor Avitus, who probably appointed him magister militum, and received the rank of patricius: he was the first magister militum since the death of Aetius in 454 and the first barbarian magister militum.
The newly appointed general took up residence in Ravenna, the capital, with a group of Goths. That same year Avitus, who was opposed by the Roman Senate, decided to leave Italy and go to his native Gaul to gather reinforcements; Remistus remained back to control Italy. He clashed with the Senate army, led by the Italian magister militum Ricimer and was forced to return to Ravenna; besieged, he was captured and put to death in the Palace in Classis, just outside the city, on September 17.
The following month, Avitus was deposed and later died.
# Earl Chase

Earl "Flat" Chase (16 August 1910 – 5 May 1954) was a Canadian baseball player. A two-way player—both a power hitter and a pitcher—he played for the Chatham Coloured All-Stars, the first Black baseball team to win an Ontario Baseball Amateur Association (OBAA) title.

## Biography

Chase was born in North Buxton, Ontario, to George Chase and Elva Gambril. He had eight siblings. When he moved to Windsor, Ontario, in the 1920s, his home was located across the street from a ballpark where he spent majority of his free time. His nickname is attributed to him having flat feet.
By the age of 15, Chase played on baseball teams through churches such as the Second Baptist Church and the Detroit Church League Champs. He continued playing baseball and was quite well known throughout the community. He was said to be a "very versatile player as he could catch, pitch, and play all infield positions". In 1934, Chase was recruited by the Chatham Coloured All-Stars. The All-Stars regularly had to endure overt racial discrimination on and off the field. In the deciding game of the 1934 championship, Chase out-pitched his counterpart, Phil Marchildon, on the Penetanguishene team.
Much like teammate Wilfred "Boomer" Harding, it was said that the one factor that might have kept Chase out of the major leagues in the 1930s was the colour of his skin. Teammates made similar statements, suggesting that "Chase should have been a big league pitcher." Chase's pitches ranged from 80 to 100 miles per hour (130 to 160 km/h), and he had set many records for longest hits across different baseball parks, including those in Sarnia, Strathroy, Aylmer, Welland, Milton, and Chatham. He once had a .700 batting average while he was playing in the Chatham City League. Harding stated that once during a game in Welland, Chase hit the ball so hard that "the ball not only cleared the right field fence, it cleared a building way behind the fence" and eventually was said to land in downtown Welland.
Chase played on various other baseball teams, including the London Majors, Patterson Cars, Windsor City League Champions, Windsor Stars, Chatham Shermans, Chatham Hadleys and Arcades. He also played with the Taylor AC Panthers, where many other former All-Stars and their children went to play. While part of the London Majors, he helped bring them to victory by pitching the Canadian Sandlot Congress championship in 1944.
Outside of baseball, Chase worked in the sanitation department in Chatham. He married Julia Ethel Black in 1934. They had four children: Earl Jr., Horace, Marilyn, and Gladys. Chase’s two sons later followed in his footsteps and played with the Panthers in the 1950s. Chase died in May 1954 at age 43; he was found dead in a cabin in Elmstead, Ontario, which was later determined to have been a case of accidental carbon monoxide poisoning.
Chase was inducted to the Chatham Sports Hall of Fame in 2001.
Chase, alongside his Chatham Coloured All-Stars teammates, was awarded the Order of Sport, marking induction into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 2022.
# Yazır, Boğazkale

Yazır is a village in the Boğazkale District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 97 (2022).
# St Peter's Church, Liverdun

St Peter's Church (French: église Saint-Pierre de Liverdun) is a 12th-century Roman Catholic parish church in Liverdun, Meurthe-et-Moselle, France. It has been classified as a monument historique by the Ministry of Culture since 1924.

## Location

The church stands at the heart of the upper town, which had fortifications in the Middle Ages. Its entrance portal looks out onto a square on which stands a mission cross and the portal of the clergy house, both classified monuments and historiques.

## History

St Peter's Church is a former collegiate church with a Romanesque tower and a modern belltower. Its 12th-century nave and side aisles have capitals. The transept also dates back to the 12th century, yet its chevet was modified in the 18th and 19th centuries.
The church houses the tombstone of Saint Euchaire— a 16th-century Renaissance gisant in a funeral niche. The interior is also decorated with 18th-century paintings and old mural paintings.
The building was classified as a monument historique by an order on November 25, 1924.

## Organs

As the pipe organs were in poor condition, a new order was passed to Claude Ignace Callinet. However, the current organ is still in its original state. Its instrumental part is still used and has been a classified monument historique since 1984.

## Portals

The western portal was modified but a part of the old sculpture is still visible today.

## Photographs

* Carved Stalls.
* Murals.
* Organs.
* The gisant of Saint Euchaire.
* The Virgin Mary giving the belt to Saint Augustine et Saint Monica.
* Railings in the choir.
* The front of the altar (monument historique).