OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tafsir al-Nisaburi

Ghara'ib al-Qur'an wa Ragha'ib al-Furqan (Arabic: غرائب القرآن ورغائب الفرقان; lit. 'Wonders of the Qur'an and Desiderata of the Criterion') or, named in brief, Ghara'ib al-Qur'an (lit. 'Wonders of the Qur'an'), better known as Tafsir al-Nisaburi (Arabic: تفسير النيسابوري), is a classical Sunni–Sufi tafsir (exegesis) of the Qur'an, authored by the Shafi'i-Ash'ari scholar Nizam al-Din al-Nisaburi (died c. 730 AH; c. 1330 CE), who closely follows al-Fakhr al-Razi's tafsir in many places.
It was the first commentary of the Qur'an in Arabic written in India. A handwritten copy of this commentary is available in the Library of the tomb of Hadrat Peer Muhammad Shah Sahib in Ahmedabad.
This commentary took him about five years to finish.

## Background

Nizam al-Din al-Nisaburi relied on several earlier sources for his interpretation, including the following:
* Mafatih al-Ghayb by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, died 606 AH (1210 CE).
* Al-Kashshaf by al-Zamakhshari, died 538 AH (1144 CE).
* Al-Wasīt fi Tafsir al-Qur'ān al-Majīd by al-Wahidi, died 468 AH (1075–1076 CE).

## Reception

According to Muhammad Husayn al-Dhahabi, the tafsir was praised by Muhammad Baqir al-Musawi al-Khawansari al-Isfahani [ar] (died 1313 AH; 1895 CE) in his book Rawdhat al-Jannat.

## About the author

He was a Persian mathematician, astronomer, Faqīh (jurist), Qur'an exegete, poet, and was generally regarded as a sage, that is, one attuned to philosophy and logic. He was born in Nisapur and was known as Nizam al-A'raj. The origin of his family and his clan is the city of Qom. After completing his education he came to India, settling there, most likely in Daulatabad. He wrote several books on philosophy, geography and sufism. He wrote another commentary of the Qur'an in one volume known as Lub al-Ta'wil fi Tafsir al-Qur'an. The exact year of his death is not known, but it was after 1329 CE. It is variably reported in available records as occurring in years from 710 AH to 728 AH.
# Edson Cimento

Carlos Edson Paiva Damasceno (born 8 October 1954), better known as Edson Cimento, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

## Career

Edson began his career by standing out for Brasil, in the municipal championship in Capanema. He was hired by the extinct Sporting, and in 1973 he arrived at Tuna Luso, where he would play for most of his career. He gained the nickname "Cimento" because Capanema, his hometown, is known as the cement capital. In 1977 he was elected the best goalkeeper in the Brazilian Championship, receiving the Silver Ball. Ended his career at Izabelense in 1992.

## Honours
### Náutico

* Campeonato Pernambucano: 1984

### Nacional-AM

* Campeonato Amazonense: 1986

### Individual

* 1977 Bola de Prata
# Gelfand ring

In mathematics, a Gelfand ring is a ring R with identity such that if I and J are distinct right ideals then there are elements i and j such that i R j = 0, i is not in I, and j is not in J. Mulvey (1979) introduced them as rings for which one could prove a generalization of Gelfand duality, and named them after Israel Gelfand.
In the commutative case, Gelfand rings can also be characterized as the rings such that, for every a and b summing to 1, there exists r and s such that
    $(1+ra)(1+sb)=0$.
Moreover, their prime spectrum deformation retracts onto the maximal spectrum.
# Sympherobius californicus

Sympherobius californicus is a species of brown lacewing in the family Hemerobiidae. It is found in Central America, North America, and Oceania. The species was introduced to New Zealand to prey on aphids and mealybugs affecting crops, first noted in 1936, however was not able to be established.
# Murray Wilcox

Murray Rutledge Wilcox, AO, QC (1937–2018) was an Australian Federal Court Judge, serving from 11 May 1984 until retiring on 2 October 2006. He also served as an additional judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory from 23 April 1983 to 30 September 2006, and Chief Justice of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia between 1994 and his retirement in 2006. He may be best remembered for handing down the controversial Noongar Native Title ruling a fortnight before retiring.
In October 1993 his book An Australian Charter of Rights was launched by Michael Kirby. The Australian reported a concomitant "attack" on Australia's human rights laws as inadequate to prevent "discrimination" and a potential "international embarrassment". Wilcox was quoted as saying that "Parliaments and the common law [are] not doing their jobs". In particular, they did not do enough to extirpate racial and sexual discrimination or to protect homosexuals. Kirby agreed that Parliament was "spineless" in such areas.
Wilcox was a committed environmentalist, and was President of the Australian Conservation Foundation 1979–1984.
In May 2007, Wilcox gave the Blackburn Lecture to the ACT Law Society. In his speech, he claimed that Australia was becoming an "elected dictatorship" as a result of a concentration of power in Canberra and the position of Prime Minister of Australia at the hand of John Howard.
Wilcox was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2010 Australia Day Honours "for service to the law as a Judge and a Law Reform Commissioner, particularly in the areas of environmental, native title and industrial law".
Wilcox died on 8 November 2018.
# Daniele Pagani

Daniele Pagani (born 11 June 1966) is a retired Italian high jumper. He won a medal, at senior level, at the International athletics competitions.

## Biography

He won the bronze medal at the 1987 Mediterranean Games, finished seventh at the 1988 European Indoor Championships and twelfth at the 1990 European Championships. He became Italian high jump champion in 1987 and 1990, rivalling with Luca Toso and Marcello Benvenuti. He also became indoor champion in 1988.
His personal best jump is 2.28 metres, achieved in the qualifying round of the 1990 European Championships in Split.

## National titles

Daniele Pagani has won 3 times the individual national championship.
* 1 win in high jump (1988)
* 2 wins in high jump indoor (1987, 1990)
# Decoupling (organizational studies)

In organizational studies, and particularly new institutional theory, decoupling is the creation and maintenance of gaps between formal policies and actual organizational practices. Organizational researchers have documented decoupling in a variety of organizations, including schools, corporations, government agencies, police, and social movement organizations. Scholars have proposed a number of explanations for why organizations engage in decoupling. Some researchers have argued that decoupling enables organizations to gain legitimacy with their external members while simultaneously maintaining internal flexibility to address practical considerations. Other scholars have noted that decoupling may occur because it serves the interests of powerful organizational leaders, or because it allows organizational decision-makers to avoid implementing policies that conflict with their ideological beliefs. Recent research has also identified the reverse of decoupling: recoupling, the process whereby "policies and practices that were once decoupled may eventually become coupled."
Despite the emphasis in the literature on the decoupling between policies and practices, the phenomenon might also occur when organizations attempt to implement initiatives, but their results are far from what was initially expected. The so-called "means-ends" decoupling has received growing attention, especially in emerging institutional fields, such as sustainability.
# Pogonosoma

Pogonosoma is a genus of robber flies (insects in the family Asilidae). There are about 17 described species in Pogonosoma.

## Species

These 17 species belong to the genus Pogonosoma:
* Pogonosoma albopilosum Meijere, 1913$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma basifera (Walker, 1861)$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma beccarii Rondani, 1875$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma bleekeri (Doleschall, 1858)$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma cedrusa Ricardo, 1927$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma crassipes (Fabricius, 1805)$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma cyanogaster Bezzi, 1916$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma dorsatum (Say, 1824)$^{icgb}$
* Pogonosoma funebris Hermann, 1914$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma lugens Loew, 1873$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma maroccanum (Fabricius, 1794)$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma minor Loew, 1869$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma ridingsi Cresson, 1920$^{icgb}$
* Pogonosoma semifuscum Wulp, 1872$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma stigmaticum Wulp, 1872$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma unicolor Loew, 1873$^{cg}$
* Pogonosoma walkeri Daniels, 1989$^{cg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# 1971 Billie Jean King Invitational

The 1971 Billie Jean King Invitational was a women's tennis tournament that took place in Long Beach in the United States. It was part of the 1971 Virginia Slims Circuit and began on January 14, 1971. First seeded Billie Jean King win the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Billie Jean King defeated Rosie Casals 6–1, 6–2

### Doubles

Billie Jean King / Rosie Casals defeated Françoise Dürr / Ann Jones 7–5, 6–3
# John Wild (runner)

John Richard Wild (born 13 February 1953) is a male English former runner who competed in cross country, fell running, and the 3000m steeplechase.

## Athletics career

The early part of Wild’s running career was focused on cross country and track. He won the Inter-Counties Cross Country Championships in 1974 and 1980. He represented England in the 3,000 metres steeplechase event at the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Also in 1978, he won the Cross de San Sebastián and in 1980, he was victorious at the Cross Internacional Juan Muguerza. Wild represented his country at the World Cross Country Championships, finishing in fifteenth place in the 1978 edition.
In 1981, Wild won the British Fell Running Championships at his first attempt. He won thirteen races in the Fell Runners Association calendar that year, setting new course records in seven of them. He repeated his championship success in 1982 and the following year finished second after close rivalry with Kenny Stuart.
Wild won the Ben Nevis Race in 1983 in a then-record time of 1:25:35, only one second slower than the current record. Among his other victories were the Snowdon Race in 1981 and 1982 and the Three Peaks Race in 1982 in a time of 2:37:30, which was a record for the route which was then in use.
Wild still holds the course records for the English fell races at the Wrekin, Rivington Pike and Burnsall, and also for the Ben Lomond Hill Race in Scotland, all set in the early 1980s.
In late 1983, Wild decided to turn his attention to the marathon but his success was limited by injury and knee problems.
His life story is told in Steve Chilton's 'Running Hard: the story of a rivalry' (Dingwall, 2017).
# Alvaro Henry

Alvaro Henry (born 14 February 2005) is a Dutch footballer who plays for as a defender for Austrian side SV Lafnitz.

## Career

Born in Amsterdam, Henry played as a child at Zuid-Oost United in Amsterdam until he was scouted by FC Utrecht at nine years-old. He played right wing before switching to right back and centre back. He left FC Utrecht to join AFC Ajax in 2019. He signed his first professional contract with the Amsterdam club in April 2021, agreeing a three-year deal until June 2024. Later that year he suffered a knee injury which kept him out for months and hampered his development. On 13 January 2023, Henry made his debut in the Eerste Divisie for Jong Ajax appearing as a second-half substitute against De Graafschap.
He signed a two-year contract with Austrian side SV Lafnitz in July 2024.

## Style of play

Henry is capable of playing at right back and centre back.

## International career

In May 2022 Henry was selected for the Dutch U17 squad for the 2022 UEFA European Under-17 Championship. Henry was a regular in the side as they reached the final before losing 2–1 to France U17s.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 3 May 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Jong Ajax | 2022–23 | Eerste Divisie | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Jong Ajax | 2023–24 | Eerste Divisie | 9 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
# Semantic Interoperability Community of Practice

Semantic Interoperability Community of Practice (SICoP) is a group of people who seek to make the Semantic Web operational in their respective settings by achieving "semantic interoperability" and "semantic data integration".
SICoP seeks to enable Semantic Interoperability, specifically the "operationalizing" of relevant technologies and approaches, through online conversation, meetings, tutorials, conferences, pilot projects, and other activities aimed at developing and disseminating best practices.
The individuals making up this Community of Practice comes from various settings, however, the SICoP claims neither formal nor implied endorsement by any organization.
# Norwegian Geotechnical Institute

Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (Norwegian: Norges Geotekniske Institutt, NGI) is an independent Norwegian centre for research and consultancy in engineering-related geosciences, such as the geotechnical, geological and geophysical areas. It was created in 1953 and became a private foundation in 1985.
The research is conducted within geotechnics and associated disciplines and aims to develop new methods and analysis relating to material properties, modelling and analysis, for calculation and monitoring of the underground, construction and landslides, and the extraction of North Sea oil.
NGI is also the host of the International Centre for Geohazards (ICG), one of Norway's first Centres of Excellence (CoE). NGI's partners are NORSAR, the Norwegian Geological Survey (NGU), the University of Oslo (UiO) and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).
# Ethel H. Brewster

Ethel H. Brewster (July 3, 1886 – August 18, 1947) was an American college professor and philologist. She was Dean of Women (effective 1932) and taught Greek and Latin at Swarthmore College, where she was a member of the faculty from 1916 to 1947.

## Early life and education

Ethel Hampson Brewster was born in Chester, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Joseph Fergus Brewster and Jane (Hampson) Brewster. She graduated from Chester High School in 1903. Her father was a direct descendant of Mayflower passenger William Brewster (Mayflower passenger). She earned a bachelor's degree from Swarthmore College in 1907, and a master's degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1911. She held the Bennett Fellowship in Classics from 1912 to 1914, and completed doctoral studies at Penn in 1915, with a dissertation titled "Roman Craftsmen and Tradesmen of the Early Empire".

## Career

Brewster taught Latin, French and English at Chester High School after she graduated from Swarthmore in 1907. She taught Latin at Vassar College from 1914 to 1916, and became associate professor of Greek and Latin at Swarthmore College in 1916. She taught at Swarthmore for over thirty years, and was department chair, Dean of Women and acting Dean of the college during her Swarthmore years.
In 1919, she addressed an audience at the Philadelphia High School for Girls, saying "It is as stupid to oust ancient history from the schools in favor of American and modern European history as it would be to knock out the first two stories of a skyscraper and expect the structure to stand."
Brewster was a member of Phi Beta Kappa and the American Association of University Women.

## Publications

Brewster's work was published in academic journals, including Classical Philology, The Classical Weekly, The Journal of Higher Education, and The Classical Journal.
* "On Suetonius, De grammaticis 5" (1915)
* "The Synthesis of the Romans" (1918)
* "The Functions of a Teacher" (1923)
* "Modern Antiquities" (1920)
* "Experiments with Translations" (1924)
* "Social Life as an Academic Problem" (1924)
* "A Weaver of Oxyrhynchus: Sketch of an Humble Life in Roman Egypt" (1927)
* "Reading for Honors" (1930)
* A Weaver's Life in Oxyrhynchus: His Status in the Community (1931)
* "In Roman Egypt" (1935)
* "Poster Politics in Ancient Rome and in Later Italy" (1944)
* "The Place of Latin in the Post-War Curriculum" (1946)

## Personal life

Brewster died, unmarried, at her niece's home in 1947, at the age of 61, in Great Neck, New York. Her body was found in a closet, with a bottle of sleeping pills, after she had reportedly expressed concern over her declining health.
# Semen Klymovsky

Semen Klymovsky (Ukrainian: Семен Климовський) (1705 – 1785) was a Ukrainian Cossack, philosopher, poet of the Kharkiv Regiment, who wrote the famous Ukrainian folk song "Ikhav Kozak za Dunaj".

## Biography

The exact place of birth is unknown. The life of S. Klymovsky, connected with the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. The poet's works testify to his knowledge of languages, literature and philosophy. Among those whose views were closest to Klymovsky, Horace should be mentioned first of all.
All his life since 1724 he participated in military campaigns of the Ukrainian Cossacks, inspired by them he wrote poems and songs. At the end of 18th century on the territory of the former Zaporozhian Sich, together with a friend he founded the village of Pryputni, where he died.
Pryputni was abandoned as a result of the Holodomor and its territory was annexed to Moshoryne.
# .20 VarTarg

The .20 VarTarg / 5.2x35mm is a wildcat centerfire rifle cartridge, based on the .221 Remington Fireball case, necked down to fire a 5.2 millimetres (0.204 in) bullet.
The name VarTarg is a portmanteau of varmint and target.
There is also a .20 VarTarg Turbo based on the .222 Remington.
# Dario Giani

Dario Giani (born 8 May 1938) is an Italian rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Stuntin' Like My Daddy

"Stuntin' Like My Daddy" is the first single from Birdman and Lil Wayne's album, Like Father, Like Son. It peaked at number twenty-one on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, won the 2007 BET Viewer's Choice Award, and was named the 94th best song of 2006 by Rolling Stone magazine.
The Travis Barker rock remix of this song was released on the album on October 31, 2006.

## Music video

The music video has cameos from Yo Gotti, and All Star Cashville Prince.

## Freestyles and remixes

Freestyles by Lil Flip, Young Jeezy, and Plies have been made. A rock remix is featured on the deluxe version of the album. "Suicideyear" also has a popular remix of this song. Chief Keef also used the same instrumental from the song for his mixtape Finally Rolling 2. The song is titled 'Stuntin Like My Mamma'

## Sampling

The song was sampled by Soulja Boy on his song "Yamaha Mama" on the album iSouljaBoyTellem. It was also a featured sample on the first track of Girl Talk's Feed the Animals and has also been sampled on Lil Wayne & Nicki Minaj's "Don't Stop Won't Stop", a mixtape track from Da Drought 3.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^^$ |
| United States (RIAA) Mastertone | Platinum | 1,000,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# List of massacres in Chile

The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Chile (numbers may be approximate):

## Political or historical massacres

| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Injuries | Notes |
| Wulaia massacre | 6 November 1859 | Bahía Wulaia, Navarino Island | 8 | 0 | Murder of eight unarmed Europeans by about three hundred Yaghans |
| Meat riots | 22–24 October 1905 | Santiago de Chile | 250 | Unknown | |
| Plaza Colón massacre | 6 February 1906 | Antofagasta | 48 - 300 | Unknown | an undetermined number of workers who were on a general strike were killed by Order Guard and Sailors of the armored frigate Blanco Encalada while they were gathered in Plaza Colón. |
| Santa María School massacre | 21 December 1907 | Iquique | 2000 | Unknown | |
| Forrahue massacre | 21 October 1912 | Forrahue, near Osorno | 15 | Unknown | Killing of Mapuche-Huilliche farmers by Chilean police |
| Marusia massacre | March 1925 | Antofagasta | 500 | Unknown | |
| Ranquil massacre | June–July 1934 | Alto Biobío | 477 | Unknown | |
| Seguro Obrero massacre | 5 September 1938 | Santiago de Chile | 60 | 2 | The police, allegedly on presidential orders, massacred Chilean fascists who were members of the National Socialist Movement of Chile following a failed coup |
| Massacre of Puerto Montt | 9 March 1969 | Llanquihue | 10 | 70 | |
| Laja massacre | 18 September 1973 | Laja and San Rosendo | 19 | Unknown | |
| Operation Colombo | 1975 | Chile | 119 | Unknown | |
| Cerro Gallo massacre | 1975 | Cerro Gallo, Colonia Dignidad | 21 | 0 | The military squads fired on prisoners who, once dead, were passed off as guerrillas who would have tried to enter Chile from Argentina by crossing the Andes mountain range |
| Attack on Carol Urzúa | 30 August 1983 | Las Condes | 3 | 0 | At least three members of the Chilean army were killed in an ambush by members of the revolutionary left-wing movement |
| Caso Degollados | 28–30 March 1985 | Chile | 3 | 0 | |
| Santiago Penitentiary riot | 18 October 1985 | Santiago de Chile | 8 | 25 | Escape attempt of common prisoners and political prisoners. |
| Operation Albania | 15–16 June 1987 | Santiago | 12 | 0 | |
| Apoquindo massacre | 21 October 1993 | Las Condes | 8 | 12 | |
| 2010 Santiago prison fire | 8 December 2010 | Santiago | 81 | 19 | |

## Spree killers

| Date | Location | Deaths | Injuries | Notes |
| 7 June 1957 | Valdivia | 6 | 2 | Perpetrator was sentenced to life in prison. |
| 20 August 1960 | San Carlos | 6–7 | 0 | Perpetrator was sentenced to death and executed in 1963. |
| 15 July 1963 | Valdivia | 8 (including the perpetrator) | 0 | Familicide. Perpetrator committed suicide. |
| 17 December 1999 | Valparaíso | 3 | 1 (the perpetrator) | Valparaíso school shootings: Perpetrator wounded after he tried committing suicide, but eventually recovered and was acquitted by reason of insanity. Committed suicide in 2011. |
| 8 August 2019 | Puente Alto | 5 | 3 | Part of an organized crime dispute. Both perpetrators were sentenced to life imprisonment. |