# Scientific phenomena named after people

This is a list of scientific phenomena and concepts named after people (eponymous phenomena). For other lists of eponyms, see eponym.
* Top
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* Y
* Z
* See also
* References

## A

* Abderhalden–Fauser reaction – Emil Abderhalden and August Fauser (1856–1938)
* Abney effect – William de Wiveleslie Abney
* Abrikosov lattice – Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov
* Aharonov–Bohm effect – Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm
* Alfvén wave – Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén
* Alhazen's problem – Alhazen
* Allais effect – Maurice Allais
* Allee effect – Warder Clyde Allee
* Amdahl's law, a.k.a. Amdahl's argument – Gene Amdahl
* Ampère's law – André-Marie Ampère
* Anderson–Higgs mechanism (a.k.a. Higgs mechanism) – Peter Higgs and Philip Warren Anderson
* Anderson–Darling test – Theodore Wilbur Anderson and Donald A. Darling
* Andreev reflection – Alexander F. Andreev
* Apgar score – Virginia Apgar
* Arago spot – Dominique François Jean Arago
* Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction – Aleksandr Erminingeldovich Arbuzov and August Karl Arnold Michaelis
* Archimedean spiral, Archimedes number – Archimedes
* Argand diagram – Jean Robert Argand
* Aristotle's lantern – Aristotle
* Armstrong limit or Armstrong's line – Harry George Armstrong
* Armstrong oscillator – Edwin Armstrong
* Arndt–Eistert synthesis – Fritz Arndt and Bernd Eistert
* Arndt–Schulz law/principle/rule – Rudolf Arndt and Hugo Paul Friedrich Schulz
* Arrhenius equation – Svante August Arrhenius
* Ashkin–Teller model (a.k.a. Potts model) – Julius Ashkin and Edward Teller
* Asinger reaction – Friedrich Asinger
* Auger effect (a.k.a. Auger-Meitner effect), electron – Pierre Victor Auger and Lise Meitner
* Autler–Townes effect – Stanley H. Autler and Charles H. Townes
* Auwers synthesis – Karl von Auwers
* Avogadro's law, Avogadro constant, Avogadro number – Count Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro di Quaregna e Cerreto

## B

* Baeyer–Drewson indigo synthesis – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer and Viggo Drewsen
* Baeyer–Villiger oxidation and Baeyer–Villiger rearrangement – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger
* Babinet's principle – Jacques Babinet
* Babler–Dauben oxidation – James Babler and William Garfield Dauben
* Bagnold number – Ralph Alger Bagnold
* Baily's beads – Francis Baily
* Baker–Nathan effect – John William Baker and Wilfred S. Nathan
* Bakerian mimicry – Herbert G. Baker
* Baldwin effect (astronomy) – Jack Allen Baldwin
* Baldwin effect (Baldwinian evolution, Ontogenic evolution) – James Mark Baldwin
* Baldwin's rules – Jack Edward Baldwin
* Balmer line, series – Johann Jakob Balmer
* Bamberger rearrangement – Eugen Bamberger
* Bamford–Stevens reaction – William Randall Bamford and Thomas Stevens Stevens
* Barkhausen effect – Heinrich Barkhausen
* Barnett effect – Samuel Jackson Barnett
* Barnum effect (a.k.a. Forer effect) – Phineas Taylor Barnum (and Bertram R. Forer)
* Barton reaction – Derek Harold Richard Barton
* Barton–McCombie deoxygenation – Derek Harold Richard Barton and Stuart W. McCombie
* Baskerville effect – the fictional Charles Baskerville of the novel The Hound of the Baskervilles
* Batesian mimicry – Henry Walter Bates
* Bauschinger effect – Johann Bauschinger
* Bayes's theorem – Thomas Bayes
* Baylis–Hillman reaction – Anthony B. Baylis and Melville E. D. Hillman
* Bayliss effect – William M. Bayliss
* BCS superconduction theory – John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and Robert Schrieffer
* Beaufort scale (Beaufort wind force scale) – Francis Beaufort
* Beckmann rearrangement – Ernst Otto Beckmann
* Beer's law (a.k.a. Beer–Lambert law or Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law) – August Beer (and Johann Heinrich Lambert and Pierre Bouguer)
* Beilstein's test – Friedrich Konrad Beilstein
* Bejan number – Adrian Bejan
* Bekenstein bound – Jacob Bekenstein
* Bélády's anomaly – László Bélády
* Bell's inequality – John Stewart Bell
* Bell number – Eric Temple Bell
* Belousov–Zhabotinskii reaction – Boris Pavlovich Belousov and Anatol Markovich Zhabotinskii
* Bénard cell – Henri Bénard
* Bénard–Marangoni cell/convection (a.k.a. Marangoni convection) – Henri Bénard and Carlo Marangoni
* Benedict's test – Stanley Rossiter Benedict
* Benford's law – Frank Albert Benford, Jr.
* Benioff zone – see Wadati–Benioff zone, below
* Bennett pinch – Willard Harrison Bennett
* Berezinsky–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition – Veniamin L. Berezinsky, John M. Kosterlitz, and David J. Thouless
* Bergman cyclization – Robert George Bergman
* Bergmann's rule – Carl Bergmann (anatomist)
* Bergmann–Zervas carbobenzoxy method – Max Bergmann and Leonidas Zervas
* Bernoulli effect, Bernoulli's equation, principle – Daniel Bernoulli
* Berry's phase – Michael V. Berry
* Betz limit – Albert Betz
* Bezold–Brücke shift (a.k.a. von Bezold spreading effect) – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Bezold and Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke
* Biefeld–Brown effect – Paul Alfred Biefeld and Thomas Townsend Brown
* Biginelli reaction – Pietro Biginelli
* Biot number – Jean-Baptiste Biot
* Biot–Savart law – Jean-Baptiste Biot and Félix Savart
* Birch reduction – Arthur John Birch
* Birkeland currents – Kristian Birkeland
* Bischler–Napieralski reaction – August Bischler and Bernard Napieralski
* Black's equation for electromigration – James R. Black (d. 2004) of Motorola
* Blandford–Znajek process – Roger D. Blandford and Roman L. Znajek
* Blasius boundary layer, flow – Paul Richard Heinrich Blasius
* Blazhko effect – Sergey Blazhko
* Bloch electrons – Felix Bloch
* Bloom filter – Burton Howard Bloom
* Bodenstein number – Max Bodenstein
* Bohm sheath criterion – David Bohm
* Bohr effect – Christian Bohr
* Bohr magneton, model, radius – Niels Bohr
* Boltzmann constant – Ludwig Boltzmann
* Bonnor–Ebert mass – William Bowen Bonnor and Rolf Ebert
* Borel algebra, measure, set, space, summation, Borel's lemma, paradox – Émile Borel
* Borel–Cantelli lemma – Émile Borel and Francesco Paolo Cantelli
* Borel–Carathéodory theorem – Émile Borel and Constantin Carathéodory
* Born–Haber cycle – Max Born and Fritz Haber
* Born–Oppenheimer approximation – Max Born and Robert Oppenheimer
* Borodin–Hunsdiecker reaction – Alexander Borodin, Hienz Hunsdiecker, and Clare Hunsdiecker (née Dieckmann)
* Borrmann effect (a.k.a. Borrmann–Campbell effect) – Gerhard Borrman (and Herbert N. Campbell)
* Bortle scale – John E. Bortle
* Bose–Einstein condensate, effect, statistics – Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein
* Boson – Satyendra Nath Bose
* Boyer's law – Carl Benjamin Boyer
* Boyle's law (a.k.a. Boyle–Mariotte law) – Robert Boyle (and Edme Mariotte)
* Brackett line/series – Frederick Sumner Brackett
* Bradford's law (of scattering) – Samuel C. Bradford
* Braess's paradox – Dietrich Braess
* Bragg angle, Bragg's law, Bragg plane – William Henry Bragg and his son William Lawrence Bragg
* Bragg diffraction – William Lawrence Bragg
* Brans–Dicke theory – Carl H. Brans and Robert H. Dicke
* Bravais lattice – Auguste Bravais
* Bravais–Miller indices (a.k.a. Miller–Bravais indices) – Auguste Bravais and William Hallowes Miller
* Brayton cycle – George B. Brayton
* Bredt's rule – Julius Bredt
* Breit–Wheeler process – Gregory Breit and John A. Wheeler
* Brewster's angle, law – David Brewster
* Brillouin zone – Léon Brillouin
* Brinkman number – Hendrik C. Brinkman
* Brook rearrangement – Adrian Gibbs Brook
* Brooks's law (of software development) – Frederick Phillips Brooks, Jr.
* Brownian motion & Brown(ian) noise – Robert Brown
* Bucherer reaction – Hans Theodor Bucherer
* Büchi automata – Julius Richard Büchi
* Buckingham π theorem – Edgar Buckingham
* Burali-Forti paradox – Cesare Burali-Forti
* Bürgi–Dunitz angle – Hans-Beat Bürgi and Jack David Dunitz

## C

* Cabannes–Daure effect – Jean Cabannes and Pierre Daure
* Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling, reaction – Paul Cadiot and Wladyslav Chodkiewicz
* Callendar effect – Guy Stewart Callendar
* Callippic cycle – Callippus of Cyzicus
* Calvin cycle (a.k.a. Calvin–Benson cycle) – Melvin Calvin (and Andy Benson)
* Cannizzaro reaction – Stanislao Cannizzaro
* Cardan angles (a.k.a. Tait–Bryan angles) – Gerolamo Cardano
* Carnot cycle, number – Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot
* Carpenter effect (a.k.a. Ideomotor effect) – William Benjamin Carpenter
* Cartan–Kähler theorem – Élie Cartan, Erich Kähler
* Casimir effect – Hendrik Casimir
* Catalan's conjecture (a.k.a. Mihăilescu's theorem), Catalan numbers – Eugène Charles Catalan
* Cauchy number (a.k.a. Hooke number) – Augustin-Louis Cauchy
* Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem – Augustin-Louis Cauchy, Sofia Kovalevskaya
* Cauer filter – Wilhelm Cauer
* Chandler wobble – Seth Carlo Chandler
* Chandrasekhar limit, number – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
* Chang–Refsdal lens – Kyongae Chang and Sjur Refsdal
* Chaplygin gas – Sergey Alexeyevich Chaplygin
* Charles's law – Jacques Charles
* Chebyshev distance, equation, filter, linkage, polynomials – Pafnuty Chebyshev
* Chebyshev's inequality (a.k.a. Bienaymé–Chebyshev inequality) – Pafnuty Chebyshev (and Irénée-Jules Bienaymé)
* Cherenkov radiation (a.k.a. Cherenkov–Vavilov radiation) – Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov (and Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov)
* Chichibabin reaction – Alexei Yevgenievich Chichibabin
* Christiansen effect – Christian Christiansen
* Christoffel symbol – Elwin Bruno Christoffel
* Christofilos effect – Nicholas Christofilos
* Chugaev elimination/reaction, reagent – Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev
* Chwolson ring or Chwolson–Einstein ring – Orest Khvolson (and Albert Einstein)
* Clairaut's relation, theorem – Alexis Claude Clairaut
* Claisen condensation, rearrangement – Rainer Ludwig Claisen
* Claisen–Schmidt condensation – Rainer Ludwig Claisen and J. Gustav Schmidt
* Clapp oscillator – James K. Clapp
* Clarke orbit – Arthur C. Clarke
* Clemmensen reduction – Erik Christian Clemmensen
* Coanda effect – Henri Coanda
* Coase theorem – Ronald Coase
* Colburn–Chilton analogy (a.k.a. Colburn analogy) – Allan Philip Colburn and Thomas H. Chilton
* Coleman–Liau index – Meri Coleman and T. L. Liau
* Coleman–Mandula theorem – Sidney Coleman and Jeffrey Mandula
* Collatz conjecture (a.k.a. the Ulam conjecture (Stanisław Ulam), Kakutani's problem (Shizuo Kakutani), the Thwaites conjecture (Sir Bryan Thwaites), Hasse's algorithm (Helmut Hasse), the Syracuse problem) – Lothar Collatz
* Colpitts oscillator – Edwin H. Colpitts
* Compton effect, scattering, wavelength – Arthur Compton
* Compton–Getting effect – Arthur Compton and Ivan A. Getting
* Conway base 13 function – John H. Conway
* Coolidge effect – from a joke attributed to John Calvin Coolidge, Jr.
* Cooper pair – Leon Cooper
* Cope elimination, rearrangement – Arthur Clay Cope
* Corey–Fuchs reaction – Elias James Corey and Philip L. Fuchs
* Corey–Kim oxidation – Elias James Corey and Choung Un Kim
* Corey–Winter olefin synthesis – Elias James Corey and Roland Arthur Edwin Winter
* Coriolis effect – Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis
* Cotton effect – Aimé Auguste Cotton
* Cotton–Mouton effect – Aimé Auguste Cotton and Henri Mouton
* Coulomb's law – Charles Augustin de Coulomb
* Coulter counter, principle – Wallace Henry Coulter
* Coxeter–Dynkin diagram – Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter and Eugene Borisovich Dynkin
* Crabtree effect – Herbert Grace Crabtree
* Criegee reaction, rearrangement – Rudolf Criegee
* Curie point – Pierre Curie
* Curry's paradox – Haskell Curry
* Curtin–Hammett principle – David Yarrow Curtin and Louis Plack Hammett
* Curtius rearrangement – Theodor Curtius

## D

* Dakin reaction – Henry Drysdale Dakin
* Dakin–West reaction – Henry Drysdale Dakin and Randolph West
* Dalton's law (of partial pressures) – John Dalton
* Damerau–Levenshtein distance – Frederick J. Damerau and Vladimir Levenshtein
* Darboux function – Jean Gaston Darboux
* Darcy's law – Henry Darcy
* Darlington pair – Sidney Darlington
* Darwin drift – Charles Galton Darwin
* Darwin point, Darwinism – Charles Darwin
* Darzens condensation – Auguste Georges Darzens
* Davies–Bouldin index (DBI) – David L. Davies and Donald W. Bouldin
* de Broglie wavelength – Louis de Broglie
* de Bruijn sequences – Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn
* de Haas–van Alphen effect – Wander Johannes de Haas and Pieter M. van Alphen
* de Haas–Shubnikov effect – see Shubnikov–de Haas effect, below
* Deborah number – the prophetess Deborah (Bible, Judges 5:5)
* Debye model – Peter Joseph William Debye
* Debye–Falkenhagen effect – Peter Joseph William Debye and Hans Falkenhagen
* Richard Dedekind has many topics named after him; see biography article.
* Delbrück scattering – Max Ludwig Henning Delbrück
* Delépine reaction – Stéphane Marcel Delépine
* Dellinger effect (a.k.a. Mögel–Dellinger effect) – John Howard Dellinger (and Hans Mögel)
* Demjanov rearrangement – Nikolai Jakovlevich Demjanov
* Dermott's law – Stanley Dermott
* Dess–Martin oxidation – Daniel Benjamin Dess and James Cullen Martin
* DeVries solar cycle – See Suess solar cycle, below
* Dice's coefficient – Lee Raymond Dice
* Dieckmann condensation – Walter Dieckmann
* Diels–Alder reaction – Otto Paul Hermann Diels and Kurt Alder
* Diophantine equation – Diophantus of Alexandria
* Dirac comb, fermion, spinor, equation, delta function, measure – Paul Dirac
* Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet has dozens of formulas named after him, see List of things named after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
* Divisia index – François Divisia
* Doebner–Miller reaction – Oscar Döbner (Doebner) and Wilhelm von Miller
* Dollo's law – Louis Dollo
* Donnan effect (a.k.a. Gibbs–Donnan effect) – see Gibbs–Donnan effect, below
* Doppler effect (a.k.a. Doppler–Fizeau effect), Doppler profile – Christian Doppler (and Hippolyte Fizeau)
* Downs–Thomson paradox – Anthony Downs and John Michael Thomson
* Drake equation (a.k.a. Sagan equation, Green Bank equation) – Frank Drake (or Carl Sagan or Green Bank, West Virginia, home to the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO))
* Droste effect – Dutch chocolate maker Droste
* Drude model – Paul Drude
* Duff's device – Tom Duff
* Duffing equation, map – Georg Duffing
* Duhamel's integral, and principle – Jean-Marie Constant Duhamel
* Dulong–Petit law – Pierre Louis Dulong and Alexis Thérèse Petit
* Dunitz angle – see Bürgi–Dunitz angle, above
* Dunning–Kruger effect – David Dunning and Justin Kruger
* Dyson–Harrop satellite – Brooks L. Harrop and Freeman Dyson

## E

* Early effect – James M. Early
* Eddington limit – Arthur Eddington
* Edgeworth–Bowley box – Francis Ysidro Edgeworth and Arthur Lyon Bowley
* Edison effect – Thomas Edison
* Edman degradation – Pehr Victor Edman
* Edward–Lemieux effect (a.k.a. Anomeric effect) – John Thomas Edward and Raymond U. Lemieux
* Eglinton reaction – Geoffrey Eglinton
* Ehrenfest paradox – Paul Ehrenfest
* Eimer's organ – Gustav Heinrich Theodor Eimer
* Einstein Cross, effect, radius, ring, shift – Albert Einstein
* Einstein–Chwolson ring or Chwolson ring – Albert Einstein and Orest Khvolson
* Einstein–de Haas effect – Albert Einstein and Wander Johannes de Haas
* Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox (a.k.a. EPR paradox, Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm paradox) – Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, Nathan Rosen (and David Bohm)
* Ekman layer – Walfrid Ekman
* Elbs reaction – Karl Elbs
* Elliott–Halberstam conjecture – Peter D. T. A. Elliott and Heini Halberstam
* Elman network – Jeff Elman
* Elsasser number – Walter M. Elsasser
* Engel curve – Ernst Engel
* Engelbart's law – Douglas Engelbart
* Epimenides paradox – Epimenides of Knossos
* Erlenmeyer flask, rule, synthesis – Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer
* Eschenmoser fragmentation – Albert Eschenmoser
* Eschweiler–Clarke reaction – Wilhelm Eschweiler and Hans Thacher Clarke
* Eshelby's inclusion – John D. Eshelby
* Étard reaction – Alexandre Léon Étard
* Ettingshausen effect – Albert von Ettingshausen
* Euler this and that (numerous entries) – Leonhard Euler
* Evershed effect – John Evershed

## F

* Faà di Bruno's formula – Francesco Faà di Bruno
* Faraday constant, effect, Faraday's law of induction, Faraday's law of electrolysis – Michael Faraday
* Farnsworth–Hirsch fusor – Philo T. Farnsworth and Robert L. Hirsch
* Favorskii reaction, rearrangement – Alexei Yevgrafovich Favorskii
* Fenton reaction – Henry John Horstman Fenton
* Fermat's principle – Pierre de Fermat
* Fermi energy, paradox, surface, Fermion – Enrico Fermi
* Fermi–Dirac statistics – Enrico Fermi and Paul Dirac
* Ferrel cell – William Ferrel
* Ferrers diagram (a.k.a. Young diagram, Ferrers graph) – Norman Macleod Ferrers
* Feshbach resonance – Herman Feshbach
* Feynman diagram – Richard Feynman
* Finkelstein reaction – Hans Finkelstein
* Fischer esterification, indole synthesis – Emil Hermann Fischer
* Fischer–Hafner reaction – Ernst Otto Fischer and Walter Hafner
* Fischer–Tropsch process – Franz Joseph Emil Fischer and Hans Tropsch
* Fischer–Hepp rearrangement – Otto Philipp Fischer and Eduard Hepp
* Fisher distribution – Ronald A. Fisher
* Fisher equation – Irving Fisher
* Fisher–Widom line – Michael E. Fisher and Benjamin Widom
* Fitts's law – Paul M. Fitts
* Flesch–Kincaid readability test – Rudolf F. Flesch and J. Peter Kincaid
* Fletcher–Munson curves – Harvey Fletcher and Wilden A. Munson
* Flynn effect – Jim Flynn
* Forbush effect – Scott Ellsworth Forbush
* Forer effect (a.k.a. Barnum effect) – Bertram R. Forer (and Phineas Taylor Barnum)
* Foucault pendulum – Jean Bernard Léon Foucault
* Fourier number – Joseph Fourier
* Fourier series – Joseph Fourier
* Fourier–Motzkin elimination – Joseph Fourier and Theodore Motzkin
* Franck–Condon principle – James Franck and Edward Uhler Condon
* Franssen effect – Nico Franssen
* Franz–Keldysh effect – Walter Franz and Leonid V. Keldysh
* Fraunhofer diffraction, lines – Joseph von Fraunhofer
* Freeman law – Ken Freeman
* Frenkel line – Jacov Frenkel
* Fresnel zone – Augustin Fresnel
* Frey effect – Allan H. Frey
* Friedel oscillations – Jacques Friedel
* Friedel–Crafts reaction – Charles Friedel and James Mason Crafts
* Friedländer synthesis – Paul Friedländer
* Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric (a.k.a. Friedmann–Robertson–Walker metric, Robertson–Walker metric) – Alexander Friedmann, Georges Lemaître, Howard P. Robertson and Arthur Geoffrey Walker
* Fries and photo-Fries rearrangement – Karl Theophil Fries
* Fritsch–Buttenberg–Wiechell rearrangement – Paul Ernst Moritz Fritsch, Wilhelm Paul Buttenberg, and Heinrich G. Wiechell
* Frobenius algebra, automorphism, method, norm, theorem – Ferdinand Georg Frobenius
* Froude number – William Froude
* Fry readability formula – Edward Fry
* Fujita scale (a.k.a. F-Scale, Fujita–Pearson scale) – Tetsuya Theodore Fujita (and Allen Pearson)
* Fujiwhara effect – Sakuhei Fujiwhara

## G

* Gabriel synthesis – Siegmund Gabriel
* Gardner transition – Elizabeth Gardner
* Garman limit – Elspeth Garman
* Gattermann reaction – Ludwig Gattermann
* Gattermann–Koch reaction – Ludwig Gattermann and Julius Arnold Koch
* Gaunt factor (or Kramers–Gaunt factor) – John Arthur Gaunt (and Hendrik Anthony Kramers)
* Gause's principle – Georgii Gause
* Gauss's law – Carl Friedrich Gauss
* Gauss–Bonnet gravity, theorem – Carl Friedrich Gauss and Pierre Ossian Bonnet
* Geib–Spevack process (a.k.a. Girdler sulfide (GS) process) – Karl-Hermann Geib and Jerome S. Spevack (and the Girdler company, which built the first American plant using the process)
* Geiger counter (a.k.a. Geiger–Müller counter) – Johannes Wilhelm (Hans) Geiger (and Walther Müller)
* Geiger–Marsden experiment (a.k.a. Rutherford experiment) – Johannes Wilhelm (Hans) Geiger and Ernest Marsden
* Geiger–Müller tube – Johannes Wilhelm (Hans) Geiger and Walther Müller
* Geiger–Nuttall law/rule – Johannes Wilhelm (Hans) Geiger and John Mitchell Nuttall
* Geissler tube – Heinrich Geissler
* Gibbs entropy, free energy, paradox, Gibbs's phase rule, Gibbs phenomenon – Josiah Willard Gibbs
* Gibbs–Donnan effect (a.k.a. Donnan effect) – Josiah Willard Gibbs and Frederick G. Donnan
* Gibbs–Marangoni effect (a.k.a. Marangoni effect) – Josiah Willard Gibbs and Carlo Marangoni
* Gibbs–Helmholtz equation – Josiah Willard Gibbs and Hermann von Helmholtz
* Gibbs–Thomson effect – Josiah Willard Gibbs and three Thomsons: James Thomson, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, Joseph John "J. J." Thomson
* Giffen good – Robert Giffen
* Gleissberg solar cycle – Wolfgang Gleißberg
* Gloger's rule – Constantin Wilhelm Lambert Gloger
* Goldbach's conjecture – Christian Goldbach
* Goldstone boson (a.k.a. Nambu–Goldstone boson) – see Nambu–Goldstone boson, below
* Gomberg–Bachmann reaction – Moses Gomberg and Werner Emmanuel Bachmann
* Goodhart's law – Charles Goodhart
* Goos–Hänchen effect or shift – Fritz Goos and Hilda Hänchen
* Gould Belt – Benjamin Gould
* Grashof number – Franz Grashof
* Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin cut-off/limit (a.k.a. GZK cutoff/limit) – Kenneth Greisen, Georgiy Zatsepin and Vadim Kuzmin
* Gresham's law – Thomas Gresham
* Griess test (diazotization reaction) – Johann Peter Griess
* Grignard reaction – François Auguste Victor Grignard
* Grob fragmentation – Cyril A. Grob
* Gromov–Witten invariant – Mikhail Gromov and Edward Witten
* Grosch's law – Herbert Reuben John Grosch
* Grotrian diagram – Walter Robert Wilhelm Grotrian
* Grotthuss chain – Christian Johann Dietrich Theodor von Grotthuss
* Grotthuss–Draper law – Christian Johann Dietrich Theodor von Grotthuss and John William Draper
* Gunn diode, effect – John Battiscombe "J. B." Gunn
* Gunning fog index – Robert Gunning
* Gustafson's law, a.k.a. Gustafson–Barsis's law – John L. Gustafson (and Edward H. Barsis)
* Gutenberg–Richter law – Beno Gutenberg and Charles Francis Richter

## H

* Haar measure – Alfréd Haar
* Hadamard inequality – Jacques Solomon Hadamard
* Hadamard transform (a.k.a. Hadamard–Rademacher–Walsh transform) – Jacques Hadamard, Hans Rademacher, and Joseph L. Walsh
* Hadley cell – George Hadley
* Hagedorn temperature – Rolf Hagedorn
* Haitz's law – Roland Haitz
* Haldane effect – John Scott Haldane
* Haldane's principle – John Burdon Sanderson Haldane
* Hale solar cycle – George Ellery Hale
* Hall effect – Edwin Hall
* Hamilton's rule – William Donald "Bill" Hamilton
* Hamming code, Hamming distance, Hamming weight – Richard Hamming
* Hammond postulate – George Simms Hammond
* Hanle effect – Wilhelm Hanle
* Hardy notation, space – Godfrey Harold Hardy
* Hardy–Littlewood circle method, first conjecture – Godfrey Harold Hardy and John E. Littlewood
* Hardy–Weinberg principle – Wilhelm Weinberg and Godfrey Harold Hardy
* Harrod–Johnson diagram – Roy F. Harrod and Harry G. Johnson
* Hartley oscillator – Ralph Hartley
* Hartman effect – Thomas E. Hartman
* Hartmann mask (or hat) – Johannes Hartmann
* Hartree energy – Douglas Hartree
* Hasse's algorithm – see Collatz conjecture, above
* Hasse diagram, principle – Helmut Hasse
* Hasse–Minkowski theorem – Helmut Hasse and Hermann Minkowski
* Hausdorff dimension – Felix Hausdorff
* Hawthorne effect – from the Hawthorne Works factory (where experiments were carried out 1924–1932)
* Hayashi track – Chushiro Hayashi
* Hayflick limit – Leonard Hayflick
* Hawking radiation (a.k.a. Bekenstein–Hawking radiation) – Stephen Hawking (and Jacob Bekenstein)
* Heaviside layer – see Kennelly–Heaviside layer
* Hebbian learning – Donald Olding Hebb
* Heine–Borel theorem – Heinrich Eduard Heine and Émile Borel
* Heinlein's razor – see Hanlon's razor, above
* Heisenberg uncertainty principle – Werner Heisenberg
* Hellmann–Feynman theorem – Hans Hellmann and Richard Feynman
* Helmholtz free energy, Helmholtz resonance – Hermann von Helmholtz
* Hénon map – Michel Hénon
* Hénon–Heiles system, potential – Michel Hénon and Carl E. Heiles
* Henrietta's law – see Leavitt's law, below
* Henyey track – Louis G. Henyey
* Herbig Ae/Be star – George Herbig
* Herbig–Haro object – George Herbig and Guillermo Haro
* Herbrand base, interpretation, structure, universe, and Herbrand's theorem – Jacques Herbrand
* Hertz effect – Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
* Hertzsprung–Russell diagram – Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell
* Hess afterimage – Carl von Hess
* Hess diagram – R. Hess
* Heusler alloy – Fritz Heusler
* Heyting algebra, arithmetic – Arend Heyting
* Hick's law, a.k.a. Hick–Hyman law – William Edmund Hick and Ray Hyman
* Higgs boson, field – Peter Higgs
* Higgs mechanism – see Anderson–Higgs mechanism, above
* Hilbert–Waring theorem (a.k.a. Waring's problem) – David Hilbert and Edward Waring
* Hill sphere (a.k.a. Roche sphere) – George William Hill (and Édouard Roche)
* Hills cloud – Jack G. Hills
* Hipparchic cycle – Hipparchus of Nicaea (a.k.a. Hipparchus of Rhodes)
* Hirayama family – Kiyotsugu Hirayama
* Hirsch–Meeks fusor – Robert L. Hirsch and Gene A. Meeks
* Hofstadter's butterfly, law – Douglas Hofstadter
* Hopfield dielectric – John J. Hopfield
* Hopfield network – John J. Hopfield
* Hořava–Lifshitz gravity – Petr Hořava and Evgeny Lifshitz
* Hořava–Witten domain wall – Petr Hořava and Edward Witten
* Hubbert peak – Marion King Hubbert
* Hubble constant, expansion – Edwin Hubble
* Hubble–Reynolds law – Edwin Hubble and John Henry Reynolds
* Huchra's Lens – John Huchra
* Humphreys line/series – Curtis J. Humphreys
* Hund's Rules – Friedrich Hund
* Hunsdiecker reaction – Heinz Hunsdiecker and Cläre Hunsdiecker
* Huygens–Fresnel principle – Christiaan Huygens and Augustin-Jean Fresnel

## I

* Imbert–Fedorov effect – Christian Imbert and Fedor Ivanovič Fedorov
* Ishikawa diagram – Kaoru Ishikawa
* Ising model (a.k.a. Lenz–Ising model) – Ernst Ising (and Wilhelm Lenz)

## J

* Jaccard index, similarity coefficient, distance – Paul Jaccard
* Jaffe profile (or model) – Walter Jaffe
* Jahn–Teller effect – Hermann Arthur Jahn and Edward Teller
* Jaro–Winkler distance – Matthew A. Jaro and William E. Winkler
* Jarque–Bera test – Carlos M. Jarque and Anil K. Bera
* Jeans's theorem – James Hopwood Jeans
* Johnson–Nyquist noise – John B. Johnson and Harry Nyquist
* Jordan's rule/law – David Starr Jordan
* Josephson constant, effect, junction – Brian David Josephson
* Joule's law (a.k.a. Joule–Lenz law) – James Prescott Joule and Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz
* Joule–Thomson effect (a.k.a. Joule–Kelvin effect) – James Prescott Joule and William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin

## K

* K3 surface – Ernst Kummer, Erich Kähler, Kunihiko Kodaira
* Kähler differential, manifold, metric – Erich Kähler
* Kakutani's problem – see Collatz conjecture, above
* Kármán vortex street – Theodore von Kármán
* Karnaugh map (a.k.a. Karnaugh–Veitch map, Veitch diagram) – Maurice Karnaugh (and Edward W. Veitch)
* Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions (a.k.a. Kuhn–Tucker conditions) – William Karush, Harold W. Kuhn and Albert W. Tucker
* Kasha's rule – Michael Kasha
* Kater's pendulum – Captain Henry Kater
* Kaye effect – Alan Kaye
* Keeling curve – Charles David Keeling
* Kelvin wave – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
* Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism, instability – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin and Hermann von Helmholtz
* Kelvin–Joule effect (a.k.a. Joule–Thomson effect) – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin and James Prescott Joule
* Kelvin–Voigt material, model – Woldemar Voigt and William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
* Kennelly–Heaviside layer – Arthur Edwin Kennelly and Oliver Heaviside
* Kennicutt–Schmidt law (a.k.a. Schmidt–Kennicutt law, or Schmidt law) – Maarten Schmidt and Robert Kennicutt
* Kepler's laws of planetary motion – Johannes Kepler
* Kerr effect – John Kerr
* Kirkendall effect – Ernest Kirkendall
* Kleene star (a.k.a. Kleene operator, Kleene closure) – Stephen Kleene
* Klein–Gordon equation – Oskar Klein and Walter Gordon
* Klein–Nishina effect – Oskar Klein and Yoshio Nishina
* Knudsen cell, number – Martin Hans Christian Knudsen
* Kodaira dimension, embedding theorem, vanishing theorem – Kunihiko Kodaira
* Koenigs–Knorr reaction – Wilhelm Koenigs and Edward Knorr
* Kohn effect – Walter Kohn
* Kohn–Sham equations – Walter Kohn and Lu Jeu Sham
* Kohonen network – Teuvo Kohonen
* Kolakoski sequence – William Kolakoski
* Kolbe electrolysis – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe
* Kolbe–Schmitt reaction – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe and Rudolf Schmitt
* Kondo effect – Jun Kondo
* Kornblum oxidation – Nathan Kornblum
* Kornblum–DeLaMare rearrangement – Nathan Kornblum and Harold E. DeLaMare
* Kossel effect – Walther Kossel
* Kosterlitz–Thouless transition – see Berezinsky–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition, above
* Kozai effect – Yoshihide Kozai
* Krebs cycle – Hans Adolf Krebs
* Kratzer potential – Adolf Kratzer
* Kronecker delta – Leopold Kronecker
* Kuhn–Tucker conditions – see Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions, above
* Kuiper belt – Gerard Kuiper
* Kummer's function, Kummer surface – Ernst Kummer
* Kuramoto model – Yoshiki Kuramoto

## L

* Lagrangian mechanics, Lagrange points – Joseph-Louis Lagrange
* Lamb shift – Willis Lamb
* Lambert's cosine law (a.k.a. Lambert's emission law) – Johann Heinrich Lambert
* Landau damping, pole – Lev Davidovich Landau
* Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect – Lev Davidovich Landau, Isaak Pomeranchuk, and Arkady Migdal
* Landau–Zener transition – Lev Davidovich Landau and Clarence Zener
* Landé g-factor – Alfred Landé
* Langmuir probe – Irving Langmuir
* Langmuir–Blodgett film – Irving Langmuir and Katharine B. Blodgett
* Laplace vector – see Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector, below
* Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector (a.k.a. LRL vector, Laplace vector, Runge–Lenz vector, Lenz vector) – Pierre-Simon de Laplace, Carl Runge and Wilhelm Lenz
* Larmor frequency, precession, radius – Joseph Larmor
* Larsen effect – Søren Absalon Larsen
* Laspeyres index – Ernst Louis Etienne Laspeyres
* Leavitt's law (a.k.a. Henrietta's law) – Henrietta Swan Leavitt
* Le Chatelier's principle – Henri Louis Le Chatelier
* Lee distance – C. Y. Lee
* Leidenfrost effect, point – Johann Gottlob Leidenfrost
* Lenard effect – Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard
* Lennard-Jones potential – John Lennard-Jones
* Lense–Thirring effect (a.k.a. Thirring effect) – Josef Lense and Hans Thirring
* Lenz vector – see Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector, above
* Lenz's law – Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz
* Leonard–Merritt mass estimator – Peter Leonard and David Merritt
* Levenshtein distance, automaton – Vladimir Levenshtein
* Levi-Civita symbol – Tullio Levi-Civita
* Lewis–Mogridge Position – David Lewis and Martin J. H. Mogridge
* Little–Parks effect – William A. Little [de] and Roland D. Parks
* Littlewood–Offord problem – John E. Littlewood and A. Cyril Offord
* Locard's exchange principle – Edmond Locard
* Lode angle, Lode coordinates – Walter Lode
* Lombard effect – Étienne Lombard
* London force – Fritz London
* Lorentz force, transformation – Hendrik Antoon Lorentz
* Lorentz–Lorenz equation – Hendrik Antoon Lorentz and Ludvig Lorenz
* Lorenz attractor – Edward Norton Lorenz
* Lorenz curve – Max O. Lorenz
* Lorenz gauge condition – Ludvig Lorenz
* Lorenz–Mie scattering – see Mie scattering, below
* Loschmidt's paradox – Johann Josef Loschmidt
* Lotka's law – Alfred J. Lotka
* Lotka–Volterra equation – Alfred J. Lotka and Vito Volterra
* Love waves – Augustus Edward Hough Love
* Lucas critique – Robert Lucas, Jr.
* Lyapunov's central limit theorem, equation, exponent, fractal, function, stability, test, time and tube – Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov
* Lyman line, series – Theodore Lyman

## M

* Mach band/effect, number, principle – Ernst Mach
* Mach–Zehnder interferometer – Ludwig Mach and Ludwig Zehnder
* Madelung constant, rule, energy – Erwin Madelung
* Maggi–Righi–Leduc effect (Thermal Hall effect) – Gian Antonio Maggi, Augusto Righi and Sylvestre Anatole Leduc
* Magnus effect – Heinrich Gustav Magnus
* Magorrian relation – John Magorrian
* Mahalanobis distance – Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis (প্রশান্ত চন্দ্র মহলানবিস)
* Mahler measure, Mahler's theorem – Kurt Mahler
* Maillard reaction
* Malmquist bias, effect – Karl Gunnar Malmquist
* Malus's law – Étienne-Louis Malus
* Malthusian parameter – named by Ronald Fisher as a criticism of Thomas Robert Malthus
* Malthusian catastrophe, growth model – Thomas Robert Malthus
* Marangoni cell/convection (a.k.a. Bénard–Marangoni convection) – see Bénard–Marangoni cell/convection, above
* Marangoni effect (a.k.a. Gibbs–Marangoni effect) – see Gibbs–Marangoni effect, above
* Markov's inequality, chain, partition, Markovian process – Andrey Markov
* Mathieu functions – Émile Léonard Mathieu
* Matilda effect – Matilda Joslyn Gage
* Matthew effect – Matthew the Evangelist
* Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution – James Clerk Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann
* McCollough effect – Celeste McCollough
* McCulloch–Pitts neuron – Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts
* McGurk effect (a.k.a. McGurk–MacDonald effect) – Harry McGurk (and John MacDonald)
* Mealy machine – George H. Mealy
* Meissner effect (a.k.a. Meissner–Ochsenfeld effect) – Walther Meissner (and Robert Ochsenfeld)
* Mendelian inheritance – Gregor Mendel
* Mercalli intensity scale (Modified Mercalli scale) – Giuseppe Mercalli
* Metonic cycle – Meton of Athens
* Meyers synthesis – Albert I. Meyers
* Mie scattering (a.k.a. Lorenz–Mie scattering) – Gustav Mie (and Ludvig Lorenz)
* Mihăilescu's theorem (a.k.a. Catalan's conjecture) – Preda Mihăilescu
* Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect – Stanislav Mikheyev, Alexei Smirnov, and Lincoln Wolfenstein
* Miller effect – John Milton Miller
* Miller indices (a.k.a. Miller–Bravais indices) – William Hallowes Miller (and Auguste Bravais)
* Misnay–Schardin effect – Col. József Misnay and Hubert Schardin
* Mögel–Dellinger effect – see Dellinger effect, above
* Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho) – Andrija Mohorovičić
* Mohr's circle – Christian Otto Mohr
* Mohr–Coulomb theory – Christian Otto Mohr and Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
* Mooers's law – Calvin Mooers
* Moore machine – Edward Forrest Moore
* Moore's law – Gordon E. Moore
* Morgan unit – Thomas Hunt Morgan
* Moreton wave – Gail E. Moreton
* Morse potential – Philip M. Morse
* Moses effect – after biblical Moses
* Mössbauer effect – Rudolf Mössbauer
* Mott cross section, Mott insulator, Mott transition – Nevill Francis Mott
* Mpemba effect – Erasto B. Mpemba
* Müllerian mimicry – Fritz Müller
* Munroe effect – Charles Edward Munroe
* Muraour's law – Henri Muraour (1880–1954)
* Murphy's law – Maj. Edward A. Murphy, Jr.

## N

* Nambu–Goldstone boson (a.k.a. Goldstone boson) – Yoichiro Nambu and Jeffrey Goldstone
* Nash equilibrium – John Forbes Nash
* Nassi–Shneiderman diagram – Isaac Nassi and Ben Shneiderman
* Necker cube – Louis Albert Necker
* Needleman–Wunsch algorithm – Saul B. Needleman and Christian D. Wunsch
* Néel temperature – Louis Néel
* Nernst effect (a.k.a. Nernst–Ettingshausen effect) – Walther Hermann Nernst and Albert von Ettingshausen
* Nernst equation – Walther Hermann Nernst
* Neupert effect – Werner Neupert
* Newcomb's paradox – William Newcomb
* Newton's rings, Newtonian constant of gravitation, mechanics – Isaac Newton
* Noether's theorem – Emmy Noether
* Nordtvedt effect – Kenneth L. Nordtvedt
* Nyquist frequency, Nyquist rate – Harry Nyquist
* Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem (a.k.a. Nyquist–Shannon–Kotelnikov, Whittaker–Shannon–Kotelnikov, Whittaker–Nyquist–Kotelnikov–Shannon, WKS theorem) – Harry Nyquist, Claude Shannon, Edmund Taylor Whittaker, and Vladimir Kotelnikov

## O

* Oberth effect – Hermann Oberth
* O'Connell effect – Daniel Joseph Kelly O'Connell
* Olbers's paradox – Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers
* Ohm's law – Georg Ohm
* Okun's law – Arthur Okun
* Omori's law – Fusakichi Omori
* Onnes effect – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
* Oort cloud (a.k.a. Öpik–Oort cloud) – Jan Hendrik Oort (and Ernst Julius Öpik)
* Ostriker–Peebles criterion – Jeremiah P. Ostriker and Jim Peebles
* Ostwald's dilution law, Ostwald process – Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald
* Overhauser effect – Albert Overhauser
* Ovshinsky effect – Stanford R. Ovshinsky

## P

* Paal–Knorr synthesis – Carl Paal and Ludwig Knorr
* Pareto chart, distribution, efficiency, index, principle – Vilfredo Federico Damaso Pareto
* Pareto–Zipf law (a.k.a. Zipf–Mandelbrot law) – Vilfredo Pareto and George K. Zipf (or Benoît Mandelbrot)
* Parrondo's games, paradox – Juan Manuel Rodríguez Parrondo
* Paschen curve, line, law – Friedrich Paschen
* Paschen–Back effect – Friedrich Paschen and Ernst Back
* Pasteur effect – Louis Pasteur
* Paternò–Büchi reaction – Emanuele Paternò and George Büchi
* Pauli exclusion principle – Wolfgang Pauli
* Peano curve – Giuseppe Peano
* Pearson–Anson effect – Stephen Oswald Pearson and Horatio Saint George Anson
* Péclet number – Jean Claude Eugène Péclet
* Peltier effect – Jean Charles Athanase Peltier
* Perlin noise – Ken Perlin
* Perron–Frobenius theorem – Oskar Perron, and Ferdinand Georg Frobenius
* Petkau effect – Abram Petkau
* Petri dish – Julius Richard Petri
* Petri net – Carl Adam Petri
* Peyer's patches – Johann Conrad Peyer
* Pfeiffer effect – Paul Pfeiffer
* Pfund line/series – August Herman Pfund
* Phillips curve – William Phillips (economist)
* Pigou effect – Arthur Cecil Pigou
* Piobert's law – Guillaume Piobert (1793–1871)
* Pisot–Vijayaraghavan number – Charles Pisot and Tirukkannapuram Vijayaraghavan
* Planck constant, length, mass, time – Max Planck
* Platonic year – Plato
* Pockels effect – Friedrich Carl Alwin Pockels
* Pogson ratio – Norman Robert Pogson
* Poincaré map, section – Henri Poincaré
* Poincaré–Bendixson theorem – Henri Poincaré and Ivar Otto Bendixson
* Poinsot's spirals – Louis Poinsot
* Polchinski's paradox – Joseph Polchinski
* Potts model (a.k.a. Ashkin–Teller model) – Renfrey B. Potts, Julius Ashkin, and Edward Teller
* Pourbaix diagram – Marcel Pourbaix
* Poynting effect, vector – John Henry Poynting
* Poynting–Robertson effect – John Henry Poynting and Howard P. Robertson
* Prandtl number – Ludwig Prandtl
* Primakoff effect – Henry Primakoff
* Proteus phenomenon – Proteus (mythological god)
* Pulfrich effect – Carl P. Pulfrich
* Purkinje effect/shift – Johannes Evangelista Purkinje
* Pygmalion effect (a.k.a. Rosenthal effect, observer-expectancy effect) – Pygmalion (and Robert Rosenthal)
* Pythagorean theorem (a.k.a. Pythagoras's theorem) – Pythagoras

## R

* Rabi oscillations – Isidor Isaac Rabi
* Rademacher distribution, function, series, sum – Hans Adolph Rademacher
* Rademacher–Menchov theorem – Hans Adolph Rademacher and Dmitrii Menshov
* Radon transform – Johann Karl August Radon
* Raman scattering – Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
* Ramsauer–Townsend effect (a.k.a. Ramsauer effect, Townsend effect) – Carl Ramsauer and John Sealy Townsend
* Ramsden circle/disc/eyepoint, eyepiece – Jesse Ramsden
* Ramsey theory – Frank Plumpton Ramsey
* Rapoport's rule – Eduardo H. Rapoport
* Raychaudhuri's equation – Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri (অমল কুমার রায়চৌধুরী)
* Raygor Estimate Graph – Alton L. Raygor
* Rayleigh criterion, distribution, fading, number, quotient, scattering, waves – Lord Rayleigh
* Rayleigh–Bénard cell/convection – Lord Rayleigh and Henri Bénard
* Rayleigh–Jeans law – Lord Rayleigh and James Jeans
* Rayleigh–Taylor instability – Lord Rayleigh and G. I. Taylor
* Rees–Sciama effect – Martin Rees and Dennis Sciama
* Reidemeister moves – Kurt Reidemeister
* Résal effect – Louis-Jean Résal
* Rescorla–Wagner rule – Robert A. Rescorla and Allan R. Wagner
* Reynolds number, Reynolds analogy – Osborne Reynolds
* Ribot's law (of Retrograde Amnesia) – Théodule-Armand Ribot
* Ricardian equivalence (a.k.a. Barro–Ricardo equivalence, or Ricardo–de Viti–Barro equivalence) – Robert Barro, David Ricardo, and Antonio de Viti de Marco
* Richards controller – Charles L. Richards
* Richardson's constant, equation, law – Owen Willans Richardson
* Richardson number – Lewis Fry Richardson
* Richter magnitude scale – Charles Francis Richter
* Righi–Leduc effect (a.k.a. Leduc–Righi effect) – Augusto Righi and Sylvestre Anatole Leduc
* Ringelmann effect – Max Ringelmann
* Robertson–Walker metric (a.k.a. Friedmann–Robertson–Walker metric) – see Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric, above
* Roche limit – Édouard Roche
* Roche sphere (a.k.a. Hill sphere) – Édouard Roche (and George William Hill)
* Rollin film – Bernard V. Rollin
* Rosenthal effect (a.k.a. Pygmalion effect, observer-expectancy effect) – Robert Rosenthal (and Pygmalion)
* Rossby waves – Carl-Gustaf Arvid Rossby
* Rossi–Forel scale – Michele Stefano Conte de Rossi and François-Alphonse Forel
* Rössler equation – Otto Rössler
* Rossmann fold – Michael Rossmann
* Royer oscillator – George H. Royer
* Ruelle operator, zeta function – David Ruelle
* Ruelle–Perron–Frobenius theorem – David Ruelle, Oskar Perron, and Ferdinand Georg Frobenius
* Ruhmkorff coil – Heinrich D. Ruhmkorff
* Runge–Lenz vector – see Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector
* Runge's phenomenon – Carle David Tolmé Runge
* Russell's paradox – Bertrand Russell
* Rutherford experiment (a.k.a. Geiger–Marsden experiment), scattering – Ernest Rutherford
* Rybczynski theorem – Tadeusz Rybczynski
* Rydberg constant, formula – Johannes Rydberg
* Rydberg–Klein–Rees method – Johannes Rydberg, Oskar Klein, and Albert Lloyd George Rees

## S

* Sabatier or Sabattier effect – Sabat[t]ier, first name unknown
* Sachs–Wolfe effect – Rainer K. Sachs and Arthur M. Wolfe
* Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale – Herbert S. Saffir and Robert ("Bob") Simpson
* Sagnac effect – Georges Sagnac
* Saha ionization equation (a.k.a. Saha–Langmuir equation) – Megh Nad Saha (মেঘনাদ সাহা) (and Irving Langmuir)
* Salem number – Raphaël Salem
* Sapir–Whorf hypothesis – Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf
* Sasakian manifold, metric – Shigeo Sasaki
* Say's law – Jean-Baptiste Say
* Scheerer's phenomenon (Blue field entoptic phenomenon) – Richard Scheerer
* Schering Bridge – Harald Schering
* Schild plot, regression analysis – Heinz Otto Schild
* Schmidt law, Schmidt–Kennicutt law – see Kennicutt–Schmidt law, above
* Schottky effect – Walter H. Schottky
* Schröter effect – Johann Hieronymus Schröter
* Schülen–Wilson effect – see Wilson effect, below
* Schuler period, tuning – Maximilian Schuler
* Schultz's rule – Adolph Hans Schultz
* Schumann–Runge bands – Victor Schumann and Carle David Tolmé Runge
* Schwabe solar cycle – Samuel Heinrich Schwabe
* Schwarzschild effect, metric, radius – Karl Schwarzschild
* Scott effect – Elizabeth L. Scott
* Secchi (stellar) class, depth, disk – Pietro Angelo Secchi
* Seebeck effect – Thomas Johann Seebeck
* Seiberg–Witten gauge theory – Nathan Seiberg and Edward Witten
* Seiberg–Witten invariant – Nathan Seiberg and Edward Witten
* Senftleben–Beenakker effect – Hermann Senftleben and Jan J. M. Beenakker
* Sertoli cells – Enrico Sertoli
* Serre duality – Jean-Pierre Serre
* Seyfert galaxy – Carl Keenan Seyfert
* Shapiro effect – Irwin Shapiro
* Shimizu–Morioka attractor, equations – Tatsujiro Shimizu and Nozomi Morioka
* Shubnikov–de Haas effect – Wander Johannes de Haas and Lev Vasiljevich Shubnikov
* Sieberg tsunami intensity scale – August Heinrich Sieberg
* Sieberg–Ambraseys tsunami intensity scale – August Heinrich Sieberg and Nicholas Ambraseys
* Simmons–Smith reaction – Howard Ensign Simmons, Jr.
* Simpson's paradox (a.k.a. Yule–Simpson effect) – Edward H. Simpson (and Udny Yule)
* Simroth's organs – Heinrich Rudolf Simroth
* Smale's horseshoe – Stephen Smale
* Smale–Rössler theorem – Stephen Smale and Otto Rössler
* Smith–Waterman algorithm – Temple F. Smith and Michael S. Waterman
* Snell's law – Willebrord van Roijen Snell
* Soloviev tsunami intensity scale – Sergey L. Soloviev
* Sommerfeld–Kossel displacement law – Arnold Sommerfeld and Walther Kossel
* Sørensen similarity index, similarity coefficient – Thorvald Sørensen
* Spörer's law, Spörer Minimum – Gustav Spörer
* St. Elmo's fire – Erasmus of Formiae
* St. Robert's law (a.k.a. Vieille's law) – Comte Paul Ballada de Saint-Robert, a.k.a. Conte Paolo Ballada di San Roberto (1815–1888)
* Staebler–Wronski effect – David L. Staebler and Christopher R. Wronski
* Stark effect (a.k.a. Stark–Lo Surdo effect) – Johannes Stark (and Antonino Lo Surdo)
* Stark ladder (a.k.a. Wannier–Stark ladder, q.v.) – Johannes Stark and Gregory Hugh Wannier
* Stark–Einstein law – Johannes Stark and Albert Einstein
* Stebbins–Whitford effect – Joel Stebbins and Albert Edward Whitford
* Stefan's constant, law (a.k.a. Stefan–Boltzmann constant, law) – Jožef Stefan (and Ludwig Boltzmann)
* Stensen's duct – Niels Stensen
* Stern–Levison parameter – S. Alan Stern and Harold F. Levison
* Stevens effect – Joseph C. and Stanley Smith Stevens
* Stevens's power law – Stanley Smith Stevens
* Stewart's organs – Charles Stewart
* Stewart–Tolman effect – Thomas Dale Stewart and Richard Chace Tolman
* Stigler's law of eponymy – Stephen Stigler
* Stirling number – James Stirling
* Stokes radius – George Gabriel Stokes
* Stokes shift – George Gabriel Stokes
* Stolper–Samuelson theorem – Paul Samuelson and Wolfgang Stolper
* Strömgren age, photometry, sphere – Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren
* Strömgren–Crawford photometry – Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren and David L. Crawford
* Stroop effect – John Ridley Stroop
* Strouhal number – Vincenc Strouhal
* Stueckelberg action – Ernst Carl Gerlach Stueckelberg
* Sturgeon's law – Theodore Sturgeon
* Sturmian trajectories – Charles François Sturm
* Suess effect – Hans Eduard Suess
* Suess solar cycle, DeVries solar cycle, Suess-DeVries solar cycle – Hans Eduard Suess and Hessel de Vries
* Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect – Rashid Sunyaev and Yakov Zel'dovich
* Syracuse problem – see Collatz conjecture, above
* Szilard–Chalmers effect – Leó Szilárd and Thomas A. Chalmers

## T

* Tait–Bryan angles (a.k.a. Cardan angles, nautical angles) – Peter Guthrie Tait and George H. Bryan
* Talbot effect – William Henry Fox Talbot
* Tanimoto coefficient, distance, measure, score, similarity – Taffee T. Tanimoto
* Taylor cone – Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
* Taylor-Couette flow – Geoffrey Ingram Taylor and Maurice Marie Alfred Couette
* Teller–Ulam design – Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam
* Thévenin's theorem – Léon Charles Thévenin
* Thirring effect – see Lense–Thirring effect, above
* Thomas precession – Llewellyn Thomas
* Thomas–Fermi approximation, model – Llewellyn Hilleth Thomas and Enrico Fermi
* Thomson cross-section, effect – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
* Thomson structure (a.k.a. Widmanstätten pattern) – William (Guglielmo) Thomson (or Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten)
* Thorndike's laws (of effect, readiness, and exercise) – Edward L. Thorndike
* Thorson's rule – Gunnar Thorson
* Thouless energy – David J. Thouless
* Thwaites conjecture – see Collatz conjecture, above
* Tiedemann's bodies – Friedrich Tiedemann
* Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement – Marc Tiffeneau and Nikolai Demyanov
* Tobin's q – James Tobin
* Tolman effects – Richard Chace Tolman
* Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit – Richard Chace Tolman, J. Robert Oppenheimer, and George Michael Volkoff
* Tonks–Girardeau gas – Lewi Tonks and Marvin D. Girardeau
* Townsend effect (a.k.a. Ramsauer effect, Ramsauer–Townsend effect), ionization coefficient – John Sealy Townsend
* Troxler's effect/fading – Ignaz Paul Vital Troxler
* Tychonoff space – Andrey Nikolayevich Tychonoff
* Tyndall effect/scattering – John Tyndall

## U

* Ulam conjecture – see Collatz conjecture
* Ulam's packing conjecture – Stanislaw Ulam
* Unruh effect – William G. Unruh

## V

* Vackář oscillator – Jirí Vackář
* Van Allen radiation belt – James Van Allen
* Van de Graaff generator – Dr. Robert Jemison Van de Graaff
* Van der Pol equation, oscillator – Balthasar van der Pol
* Van der Waals force – Johannes Diderik van der Waals
* Van Hove singularity – Léon Van Hove
* Vavilovian mimicry – Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov
* Veblen effect – Thorstein Veblen
* Veitch diagram – see Karnaugh map, above
* Venturi effect – Giovanni Battista Venturi
* Venn diagram – John Venn
* Vieille's law (a.k.a. St. Robert's law, often misspelled as Vielle's law) – Paul Marie Eugène Vieille
* Vierordt's law – Karl von Vierordt
* Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation – Hans Vogel, Gordon Scott Fulcher, and Gustav Tammann
* Vogt–Russell theorem – Heinrich Vogt and Henry Norris Russell
* Voigt effect, notation, profile – Woldemar Voigt
* Voigt material – see Kelvin–Voigt material, above
* Von Klitzing constant – Klaus von Klitzing
* Von Neumann ordinal, von Neumann architecture – John von Neumann
* Von Restorff effect – Hedwig von Restorff
* Von Zeipel theorem – Edvard Hugo von Zeipel

## W

* Wadati–Benioff zone (a.k.a. Benioff zone) – Kiyoo Wadati and Hugo Benioff
* Wahlund effect – Sten Gösta William Wahlund
* Wallace's line – Alfred Russel Wallace
* Walras's law – Léon Walras
* Wannier function, orbital – Gregory Wannier
* Wasserman 9-Panel Plot – Karlman Wasserman
* Wannier–Stark ladder (a.k.a. Stark ladder) – Gregory Wannier and Johannes Stark
* Warburg effect – Otto Warburg
* Waring's problem (a.k.a. Hilbert–Waring theorem) – Edward Waring (and David Hilbert)
* Weber–Fechner law (Weber's law, Fechner's law) – Ernst Heinrich Weber and Gustav Theodor Fechner
* Weberian apparatus – Ernst Heinrich Weber
* Weierstrass–Casorati theorem – Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass and Felice Casorati
* Weierstrass's elliptic functions, factorization theorem, function, M-test, preparation theorem – Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass
* Wien bridge – Max Wien
* Weissenberg effect – Karl Weissenberg
* Wess–Zumino–Witten model – Julius Wess, Bruno Zumino and Edward Witten
* Wess–Zumino model – Julius Wess, Bruno Zumino
* Westermarck effect – Edvard Westermarck
* Weston cell – Edward Weston
* Wheatstone bridge – Charles Wheatstone (improved and popularized it; the inventor was Samuel Hunter Christie)
* Whittaker function, integral, model – Edmund Taylor Whittaker
* Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula – Edmund Taylor Whittaker, John Macnaghten Whittaker, Claude Shannon
* Widmanstätten pattern (a.k.a. Thomson structure) – Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten (or William (Guglielmo) Thomson)
* Widom line – Benjamin Widom
* Widrow–Hoff least mean squares filter – Bernard Widrow and Ted Hoff
* Wiedemann–Franz law – Gustav Wiedemann and Rudolf Franz
* Wiegand effect – John R. Wiegand
* Wien bridge (Wien's bridge), constant, effect, law – Wilhelm Wien
* Wiener filter, process – Norbert Wiener
* Wigmore chart – John Henry Wigmore
* Wigner energy, Wigner effect – Eugene Wigner
* Wigner–Seitz cell – Eugene Wigner and Frederick Seitz
* Wilson cycle – John Tuzo Wilson
* Wilson effect – Alexander Wilson
* Wilson–Bappu effect – Olin Chaddock Wilson and Manali Kallat Vainu Bappu
* Witten index – Edward Witten
* Wollaston prism – William Hyde Wollaston
* Woodward–Hoffmann rules – Robert Burns Woodward and Roald Hoffmann
* Wolf effect – Emil Wolf
* Wulf bands – Oliver R. Wulf
* Wulff–Dötz reaction – William Wulff and Karl Heinz Dötz

## Y

* Yarkovsky effect – Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky
* YORP effect – Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky, John A. O'Keefe, Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Radzievskii, and Stephen J. Paddack
* Young diagram (a.k.a. Ferrers diagram), Young tableau – Alfred Young
* Young's modulus – Thomas Young
* Yule–Simpson effect (a.k.a. Simpson's paradox) – Edward H. Simpson and Udny Yule

## Z

* Zeeman effect – Pieter Zeeman
* Zeigarnik effect – Bluma Zeigarnik
* Zener effect – Clarence Melvin Zener
* Zeno effect – Zeno of Elea
* Zipf's law – George K. Zipf
* Zipf–Mandelbrot law (a.k.a. Pareto–Zipf law) – George K. Zipf and Benoît Mandelbrot (or Vilfredo Pareto)