OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Valeriana rubra

Valeriana rubra (synonym Centranthus ruber), the red valerian, spur valerian, kiss-me-quick, fox's brush, devil's beard or Jupiter's beard, is a popular garden plant grown for its ornamental flowers.

## Description

Valeriana rubra is a perennial plant, usually as a subshrub though it can take any form from a herbaceous plant to a shrub depending on conditions; the plants are usually woody at the base. The leaves are generally 5–8 cm in length. Their form changes from the bottom to the top of the plant, the lower leaves being petiolate while the upper leaves are sessile. The leaves grow in opposite pairs and are oval or lanceolate in shape. The plant flowers profusely, and though the individual flowers are small (no more than 2 mm), the inflorescences are large and showy. The flowers are small in rounded clusters each with 5 fused petals and a spur. The most typical color is a brick red or purplish red, but colors include deep crimson, pale pink, and lavender. Centranthus ruber 'Albus' (about 10% of individuals) has white blooms. Flowering takes place in early summer and, in cool summer areas, continues sporadically throughout the summer and into fall. The cultivar 'coccineus' is especially long-blooming. The blooms have a strong and somewhat rank scent. They are pollinated by both bees and butterflies and the plant is noted for attracting insects. It is used as a food plant by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including angle shades. Seeds have tufts similar to dandelions that allow wind dispersal, and as such can self-seed freely and become invasive if not properly controlled.

## Distribution

Valeriana rubra is native of the Mediterranean region, ranging from Portugal and Spain to France, Italy, former Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece and European Turkey, and from Morocco to Algeria and Tunisia. It has been introduced into many other parts of the world as a garden escape. It is naturalised in France, Australia, Great Britain, Ireland, Isle of Man and the United States. In the US it can be found growing wild in such western states as Arizona, Utah, California, Hawaii, Washington, and Oregon, usually in disturbed, rocky places at elevations below 200 m. It is often seen by roadsides or in urban wasteland. It can tolerate very alkaline soil conditions. Because of its ability to tolerate alkaline conditions, Valeriana rubra can tolerate lime in mortar, and may frequently be seen growing on old walls in Italy, southern France and south-west UK.

## Invasive species

The species is listed as a NEMBA 1b invasive in the Western Cape, South Africa. It may not be owned, imported, grown, moved, sold, given as a gift or dumped in a waterway. It requires compulsory control as part of an invasive species control programme to remove and destroy. The plants are deemed to have such a high invasive potential that infestations can qualify to be placed under a government sponsored invasive species management programme. No permits will be issued.
# Election in Christianity

In Christianity, particularly within the theological framework of Calvinism, election involves God choosing a particular person or group of people to a particular task or relationship, especially eternal life.
Election to eternal life is viewed by some as conditional on a person's faith, and by others as unconditional. According to Calvinist theology, before the foundation of the world, God chose certain individuals, known as the "elect", to receive his saving grace and be predestined for eternal salvation; Calvinists view this election as unconditional, based not on human merit or works but solely on God's sovereign will and purpose.

## In the Old Testament

The Old Testament applies the term "elect" (Biblical Greek: ἐκλεκτος; Biblical Hebrew: בָּחִיר) to the Israelites insofar as they are called to be the chosen people, people of God, or faithful to their divine call. The idea of such an election is common in Deuteronomy and in Isaiah 40-66.

## In the New Testament

The New Testament transfers the meaning of the term from its connection with the people of Israel to the members of the body of Christ (Christian church), either militant on earth or triumphant in heaven.
Based on the statement of Jesus Christ that one should, "enter in at the narrow gate, for wide is the gate, and broad is the way, that leads to destruction, and many there are that go in thereat. How narrow is the gate and strait the way that leads to life, and few there are that find it," (Matt. 7:13,14) many have inferred that there are very few elect, who are saved. However the number of the elect is generally an open question with no conclusive answer, as evidenced by the fact that there is no Catholic dogma concerning the matter.
# Petrocephalus sullivani

Petrocephalus sullivani is a species of electric fish in the family Mormyridae, it is found widespread in Gabon.

## Size

This species reaches a length of 9.3 cm (3.7 in).

## Etymology

The fish is named in honor of colleague and friend John P. Sullivan (b. 1965), of the Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates in Ithaca, New York, USA, because of his contributions to mormyrid systematics.
# Cwmtillery

Cwmtillery (/ˌkʊmtɪˈlɛəri/; from Welsh Cwmtyleri) (population 2011. 4800) is a ward of Abertillery. Located within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire, it is part of the administrative area of the county borough of Blaenau Gwent, Wales.

## Etymology

The name of the ward means "the valley of the River Tyleri". Tyleri probably derives from a personal name.

## History

Located within a narrow valley formed by the River Tyleri, the area now known as Cwmtillery was once wholly a picturesque woodland area based beneath the heights of the local hill 'Gwastad' (551m) to the east and Mynydd James (550m)to the north. The area was mentioned by English historian William Coxe as "Well peopled, richly wooded and highly cultivated, almost rivalling the fertile counties of England".
During the 1840s, Thomas Brown acquired the rights to sink a mine shaft at the site of a farm known as Tir Nicholas, in the hope of reaching the 'Elled' coal seam. The shaft was sunk to a depth of 130 yards and the colliery set up was originally known as Tir Nicholas Colliery, and later the South Wales Colliery. The mine changed hands in 1852, with John Russell taking ownership. Russell increased the original shafts and deepened the mine to 240 yards. The mine had a long history, closing in 1982; but also suffered several disasters, with four underground explosions between 1857 and 1876. The two worst disasters were in 1857 which saw the deaths of 13 miners, and the 1876 explosion which killed 16 men and boys.
The Church of St Paul was constructed in the Early English style during 1890 and opened for worship in January 1891, initially as a daughter church of the parish of Abertillery. A distinct parish of Cwmtillery was set up in 1923.
Singer Tom Jones (then known as Tom Woodward) was first spotted and signed for a recording deal in the early 1960s at the Top Hat club in Woodland Terrace, Cwmtillery. The club burnt down in 2011.
Cwmtillery was the principal location for the cult experimental feature film The Other Side of the Underneath (1972) written and directed by Jane Arden.
Following the demise of the coal industry in the 1980s the natural environment is again highly regarded. There are walking trails in the area ranging from gentle lakeside walks to more energetic hillside climbs to over 580m.
# Enteral administration

Enteral administration is food or drug administration via the human gastrointestinal tract. This contrasts with parenteral nutrition or drug administration (Greek para, "besides" + enteros), which occurs from routes outside the GI tract, such as intravenous routes. Enteral administration involves the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines (i.e., the gastrointestinal tract). Methods of administration include oral, sublingual (dissolving the drug under the tongue), and rectal. Parenteral administration is via a peripheral or central vein. In pharmacology, the route of drug administration is important because it affects drug metabolism, drug clearance, and thus dosage. The term is from Greek enteros 'intestine'.

## Forms

Enteral administration may be divided into three different categories, depending on the entrance point into the GI tract: oral (by mouth), gastric (through the stomach), and rectal (from the rectum). (Gastric introduction involves the use of a tube through the nasal passage (NG tube) or a tube in the belly leading directly to the stomach (PEG tube). Rectal administration usually involves rectal suppositories.)
| Oral administration | Oral administration | Rectal administration |
| Solids | Liquids | - |
| Pill | Solution | Ointment |
| Tablet | Softgel | Suppository |
| Time release technology | Suspension | Enema |
| Osmotic controlled release capsule | Emulsion | Murphy drip |
| | Syrup | Nutrient enema |
| | Elixir | |
| | Tincture | |
| | hydrogel | |

## Drug absorption from the intestine

The mechanism for drug absorption from the intestine is for most drugs passive transfer, a few exceptions include levodopa and fluorouracil, which are both absorbed through carrier-mediated transport. For passive transfer to occur, the drug has to diffuse through the lipid cell membrane of the epithelial cells lining the inside of the intestines. The rate at which this happens is largely determined by two factors: Ionization and lipid solubility.
Factors influencing gastrointestinal absorption:
* Gastrointestinal motility.
* Splanchnic blood flow.
* Particle size and formulation.
* Physicochemical factors.

## First pass metabolism

Drugs given by enteral administration may be subjected to significant first pass metabolism, and therefore, the amount of drug entering the systemic circulation following administration may vary significantly for different individuals and drugs. Rectal administration is not subject to extensive first pass metabolism.
# Tanjung Sauh

Tanjung Sauh is a port under construction on the island of Batam, within Sijori Growth Triangle and will be able to handle shipments through the Malacca Straits without transshipment from Singapore. This project directly competes with Singapore's ports. It is planned with 4 million TEU capacity, for completion in 2015. It complements Batu Ampar port on Batam, which is being expanded from 2021-2035 for up to 5 million TEU.
# Petrocephalus

Petrocephalus is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Mormyridae. All the fish species of this genus are endemic to Africa.

## Species

There are currently 48 recognized species in this genus:
* Petrocephalus ansorgii Boulenger, 1903
* Petrocephalus arnegardi Lavoué & Sullivan, 2014
* Petrocephalus balayi Sauvage, 1883
* Petrocephalus balteatus Rochebrune, 1885
* Petrocephalus bane (Lacépède, 1803)
* Petrocephalus binotatus Pellegrin, 1924
* Petrocephalus boboto [Lavoué & Sullivan, 2014
* Petrocephalus bovei (Valenciennes, 1847)
* Petrocephalus catostoma (Günther, 1866)
* Petrocephalus christyi Boulenger, 1920
* Petrocephalus congicus L. R. David & Poll, 1937
* Petrocephalus cunganus Boulenger, 1910
* Petrocephalus degeni Boulenger, 1906
* Petrocephalus frieli Lavoué, 2012
* Petrocephalus gliroides (Vinciguerra 1897)
* Petrocephalus grandoculis [Boulenger, 1920
* Petrocephalus guttatus Fowler, 1936
* Petrocephalus haullevillii Boulenger, 1912
* Petrocephalus hutereaui ([Boulenger,] 1913)
* Petrocephalus keatingii Boulenger, 1901
* Petrocephalus leo Lavoué, 2016
* Petrocephalus levequei Bigorne & Paugy 1990
* Petrocephalus longianalis B. J. Kramer I. R. Bills, P. H. Skelton & Wink 2012
* Petrocephalus longicapitis B. J. Kramer, I. R. Bills, P. H. Skelton & Wink, 2012
* Petrocephalus magnitrunci B. J. Kramer, I. R. Bills, P. H. Skelton & Wink, 2012
* Petrocephalus magnoculis B. J. Kramer, I. R. Bills, P. H. Skelton & Wink, 2012
* Petrocephalus mbossou Lavoué, Sullivan & Arnegard, 2010
* Petrocephalus microphthalmus Pellegrin, 1909
* Petrocephalus odzalaensis Lavoué, Sullivan & Arnegard, 2010
* Petrocephalus okavangensis B. J. Kramer, I. R. Bills, P. H. Skelton & Wink 2012
* Petrocephalus pallidomaculatus Bigorne & Paugy, 1990
* Petrocephalus pellegrini Poll, 1941
* Petrocephalus petersi B. J. Kramer, I. R. Bills, P. H. Skelton & Wink, 2012
* Petrocephalus pulsivertens Lavoué, Sullivan & Arnegard, 2010
* Petrocephalus sauvagii (Boulenger, 1887)
* Petrocephalus schoutedeni Poll, 1954
* Petrocephalus similis Lavoué, 2011
* Petrocephalus simus Sauvage, 1879
* Petrocephalus soudanensis Bigorne & Paugy, 1990
* Petrocephalus squalostoma (Boulenger, 1915)
* Petrocephalus steindachneri Fowler, 1958
* Petrocephalus stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909
* Petrocephalus sullivani Lavoué, C. D. Hopkins & Kamdem Toham 2004
* Petrocephalus tanensis Whitehead & Greenwood 1959
* Petrocephalus tenuicauda (Steindachner 1894)
* Petrocephalus valentini Lavoué, Sullivan & Arnegard, 2010
* Petrocephalus wesselsi B. J. Kramer & van der Bank, 2000
* Petrocephalus zakoni [Lavoué, Sullivan & Arnegard, 2010
* Specimens of Petrocephalus
* P. arnegardi
* P. boboto
* P. okavangensis
* P. zakoni
# Indian Marriage

Indian Marriage may refer to:
* Marriage in India
* Indian Marriage (card game), also marriage rummy or 21-cards rummy, a Rummy card game in India
# Graham Hatley

Graham Hatley (born October 26, 1960) is a Scottish-born Canadian former soccer player who played in the North American Soccer League.

## Career

Hatley played in the North American Soccer League in 1979 with the Toronto Blizzard. He spent four seasons with the club and played with the indoor team in 1980. On November 4, 1980, he was released by the Toronto Blizzard. In 1982, he played in the National Soccer League with Hamilton Steelers where he assisted in securing the NSL Championship.

## International career

Hatley made his debut for the Canada men's national under-20 soccer team on November 26, 1978 against the Dominican Republic at the 1978 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament. He also represented Canada at the 1979 FIFA World Youth Championship. On April 5, 1979, he made his debut for the Canada men's national under-23 soccer team against the United States in a qualification match for the 1979 Pan American Games.
# Mitzpe Yosef

Mitzpe Yosef (Hebrew: מִצְפֵּה יוֹסֵף, lit. Joseph's Lookout) is an Israeli outpost in the Israeli-occupied West Bank. Located on Mount Gerizim near Nablus, it falls within the jurisdiction of Shomron Regional Council. The population consists mostly of hasidic Jews belonging to the Breslov sect. The hilltop lookout overlooks Joseph's Tomb, an important Jewish holy site under Palestinian Authority control. The Tomb of Joseph is one of the oldest holy Jewish sites in history. Mitzpeh Yosef is the closest point to Joseph's Tomb that is accessible to Jews on a regular basis.

## Foundation

The outpost was established in 2002. Israeli outposts in the West Bank are considered illegal both under international law as well as under Israeli law.
# Gregor Young

Gregor Young (born 8 February 1966) is a Canadian soccer coach and former professional player.

## International career

Young was part of the Canada team that played at the 1985 FIFA World Youth Championship.
He made his senior debut for Canada in an April 1992 friendly match against China. The game remained his only one ever for the senior team aside from a B International against South Korea, also for the men's national team.

## Coaching career

He coached five years for Coastal WFC, and is also the Technical Director of Vancouver United FC.
# Hatem McDadi

Hatem McDadi (born 1960s) is a Canadian former professional tennis player.
Of Lebanese descent, the McDadi surname is the result of a translation attempt by a customs official when his father emigrated. He grew up in Mississauga and has an elder brother Sam who is a prominent real estate agent in Greater Toronto. Active on tour in the 1980s, McDadi had a best singles world ranking of 226 and ranked in the top 10 nationally. He is now the Senior Vice-president of High-Performance at Tennis Canada.
# Hugh Spooner

Hugh Spooner (born 25 November 1957) is a Canadian sprinter. He competed in the men's 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Ian Clyde

Ian Clyde (born May 15, 1956 in Verdun, Quebec) is a retired boxer from Canada, who represented his native country at the 1976 Summer Olympics. After defeating Charlie Magri of Great Britain, he was defeated in the quarterfinals of the men's flyweight division (– 51 kilograms) by Cuba's eventual silver medalist Ramón Duvalón. Clyde won a silver medal at the 1978 Commonwealth Games and a bronze medal at the 1979 Pan American Games. He also competed at the 1975 Pan American Games. Ian Clyde has followed his career as a professional athlete to offer personal fitness boxing coaching and competitive boxing instruction to young athletes in Montreal.

## 1976 Olympic results

Below are the results of Ian Clyde, a Canadian flyweight boxer who competed at the 1976 Montreal Olympics:
* Round of 64: bye
* Round of 32: defeated Alick Chiteule (Zambia) by walkover
* Round of 16: defeated Charlie Magri (Great Britain) by a third-round knockout
* Quarterfinal: lost to Ramón Duvalón (Cuba) by decision, 0-5
# Contact (Daft Punk song)

"Contact" is a song by French electronic music duo Daft Punk. It is the thirteenth and final track from the duo's fourth studio album Random Access Memories, released on 17 May 2013. The track was written and produced by the duo, with additional writing and co-production by DJ Falcon. Daryl Braithwaite, Tony Mitchell, and Garth Porter are also credited as writers due to the song containing a sample of "We Ride Tonight" by Australian rock band the Sherbs. The song includes audio from the Apollo 17 mission, courtesy of NASA and Captain Eugene Cernan. Due to digital downloads of Random Access Memories, the song charted at number 46 on the French Singles Chart and at number 24 on the Billboard Dance/Electronic Songs chart.

## Production

"Contact" was produced with DJ Falcon, who had previously worked with Thomas Bangalter as a duo called Together. Falcon is also a Roulé labelmate with Bangalter, the founder of Roulé. "Contact" begins with a sample of "We Ride Tonight" by The Sherbs. The sample was previously used by Bangalter and Falcon as part of a DJ set by Together in 2002. The set also featured Cassius. Daryl Braithwaite of The Sherbs had been informed of the sampling in "Contact" before the Daft Punk song was released. He also specified that he, Tony Mitchell and Garth Porter of The Sherbs would be credited as co-writers of "Contact" because of the sample, and thus would receive royalties. In addition to the sampling, "Contact" is said by Q Magazine to be composed of orchestral and synthesizer riffs, progressive layers and concludes with what Louis Lepron of Konbini called a "sharp guitar chord". The modular synthesizer on the track was performed by Daft Punk and Falcon, while bass and drums were performed by James Genus and Omar Hakim, respectively.
Falcon noted that when he worked on "Contact" with Daft Punk in Paris, they felt that it needed something akin to a countdown. NASA was eventually contacted, and they gladly gave the duo access to all of their mission recordings to sample. Daft Punk and Falcon settled on an excerpt where someone was called "Bob", as that was Falcon's skating nickname when he was first introduced to Bangalter and Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo. The NASA sample features a recording of Eugene Cernan from the Apollo 17 mission, in which he observes a flashing object from a window of his capsule. It was later surmised that the particle was a discarded rocket stage. Bangalter emphasized the choice of Cernan, the last man to leave the surface of the Moon on the final Apollo mission, being used to end the album.
Falcon recalled that upon playback of the completed "Contact", the studio speakers had blown out as a result of the sounds from the end of the track. He likened the effect to the end of a rock concert where guitars are thrown to the floor. NME interpreted the sound as "not unlike a huge pyramid blasting off into space", a reference to the stage visuals of Daft Punk's Alive 2006/2007 tour.

## Personnel

Personnel adapted from album's liner notes.
* Daft Punk – modular synthesizer
* DJ Falcon – modular synthesizer
* James Genus – bass
* Omar Hakim – drums
# Ivan Belfiore

Ivan Belfiore (born 4 September 1960) is a Canadian former professional soccer player who played as a defender.

## Career

Born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Belfiore played as a professional in the North American Soccer League, the Major Indoor Soccer League, the Western Soccer Alliance and the Canadian Soccer League for the Detroit Express, the Washington Diplomats, the Chicago Sting, the Tulsa Roughnecks, the Edmonton Brick Men and Vancouver 86ers.
Belfiore made four appearances for the Canadian under-20 national team during the 1978 CONCACAF U-20 tournament, and he also played one game for the Canadian Olympic Team during qualifications for the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# J. D. Jackson (basketball)

John-David William "J.D." Jackson (born February 27, 1969) is a Canadian-French former professional basketball player and coach. He is currently the head coach of the French ProB team Olympique Antibes.

## Playing career

Born in Burnaby, British Columbia, and grew up in Vernon, British Columbia, Jackson spent his college career at the University of British Columbia. He is one of the best players ever to wear a UBC uniform and was inducted into the UBC Sports Hall of Fame in 1998. He left UBC in 1992 as the school's leader in career points (3,585), career three-pointers (252), career free throws made (791) among other records. He received CIAU National Player of the Year honors in 1991 and 1992 and is a four-time CIAU All-Canadian. He represented the Canadian junior national team at the 1987 World Championships and Canada's men's national team at the 1990 and 1994 World Championships.
After a stint with the Halifax Wildjammers (WBL), he spent his professional career almost entirely in France, playing two years at Poissy-Chatou, one year at Prisse, two years at Antibes and seven at Le Mans Sarthe Basket. He won the French national championship and the La Semaine des As competition with Le Mans in 2006 and the French Cup in 2004. Jackson retired upon the conclusion of the 2005–06 season. He had his jersey number 14 retired at Le Mans.

## Coaching career

Jackson served as head coach of Le Mans Sarthe Basket from 2008 to 2014. Under his guidance, the club claimed the French Cup in 2009 and the La Semaine des As (later Leaders Cup) competition in 2009 and 2014. After parting ways with Le Mans following the 2013–14 season, he took over head-coaching duties at fellow French LNB ProA side ASVEL Villeurbanne in December 2014. In his first full season (2015–16), he guided ASVEL to the French championship. In the 2016–17 season, Jackson led the team to a semi-final appearance. He was sacked on January 15, 2018, because results did not match up to the club's expectations. ASVEL was eighth in the ProA standings at the time of the sacking with a record of eight wins and eight defeats. Jackson served as an assistant coach for Canada's men's national team at the 2021 FIBA Americas qualification tournament. In early May 2021, he accepted the head-coaching role at BCM Gravelines-Dunkerque, returning to coaching after an absence of almost three and a half years. Jackson was sacked on November 24, 2022 with his Gravelines-Dunkerque team 14th of 18 teams in the French league after six defeats in nine games.
On December 5, 2023, he was named head coach of French ProB side Olympique Antibes.