OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Edward Zimmerman

James Edward Zimmerman (February 19, 1923 – August 4, 1999) was born in Lantry, South Dakota. He was a coinventor of the radio-frequency superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and he is credited with coining the term.

## Career

* Westinghouse Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania - 1943 – ??
* Smithsonian Institution, 1953 – 1955
* Ford Motor Company, Scientific Laboratory in Dearborn, Michigan, 1955 – 1969
* SHE (later BTi, then 4-D Neuroimaging), Founder 1969 – 1970
* National Bureau of Standards, 1970 – 1985
While at NIST, Zimmerman introduced two important innovations in SQUID magnetometry:
* Fractional-turn SQUID, improving the coupling efficiency
* SQUID gradiometer, improving sensitivity to nearby fields
In addition, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, he also gave a major contribution to the development of low-power closed-cycle Stirling refrigerators, to reach temperatures in the range 4K - 8K with the purpose of cooling SQUID devices and small-scale superconducting electronics without resorting to liquid helium dewar vessels. A major achievement was the use of plastic parts made in the laboratory, which would be assembled in a totally non-magnetic cryocooler (refrigerator), in order not to interfere with highly sensitive SQUIDs.. Later, he was also involved in the development of pulse tube cryocoolers.

## Education

South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, B.S. Electrical Engineering 1943
Carnegie Institute of Technology, ScD Physics 1951 – 1953

## Awards

* NIST Fellow
* Samuel Wesley Stratton Award, the highest award for scientific achievement conferred by NIST
* In 1987 he became one of the first to make a SQUID using the newly discovered high-temperature superconductors.
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# Blaubeuren Abbey

Blaubeuren Abbey (German: Kloster Blaubeuren) was a Benedictine monastery until the Reformation, located in Blaubeuren, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is now a Protestant seminary.

## History: Catholic

The monastery was founded in 1085 by the Counts of Tübingen and their vassal Sigiboto von Ruck, against the background of the Investiture Controversy and the Hirsau Reforms. The first abbot, Adzelinus, and monks were from Hirsau Abbey.
Abbot Fabri was closely involved with the foundation of the University of Tübingen in 1477. In 1493 the high altar was created. The choir stalls by Jörg Syrlin the Younger are of a similar date.
The Reformation saw the end of the Catholic monastery, from which the monks were expelled in 1535, returning for a short time between 1549 and 1562.

## History: Protestant

In 1563 the first Protestant abbot was appointed, and in 1565 a choir school was opened in the premises.
During the Thirty Years' War the monks returned again in 1630 and yet again in 1648, but were expelled; the choir school closed in 1630 and reopened in 1650. It was finally shut down in 1807.
A few years later in 1817 Blaubeuren became a Protestant seminary with an attached boarding school, which has remained to the present, except for a closure during World War II.
The school now operates in co-operation with the similar establishment at Maulbronn Abbey: see Evangelical Seminaries of Maulbronn and Blaubeuren.
# Abbey of Saint-Georges, Boscherville

The Abbey of Saint-Georges, Boscherville, is a former Benedictine abbey located in the commune of Saint-Martin-de-Boscherville, in Seine-Maritime, France.
It was founded in about 1113 on the site of an earlier establishment of secular canons and settled by monks from the Abbey of Saint-Evroul.

## History

The first occupation of the site where the abbey will be built dates back to the Gallo-Roman era when a square temple with a wooden gallery was built in the 1st century AD. It was replaced in the 2nd century by a fanum then, during the Frankish period, by a funerary chapel installed in the cella of the fanum. The site was occupied from the 1st to the 3rd century, then, from the 7th century, by several Christian buildings which are at the origin of the abbey.
In 1055, Raoul de Tancarville or Raoul-le-Chambellan installed a community of canons in the small funeral chapel, 15.50 m long by 7.50 m wide. The chapel became too small for the community, the collegiate church, dedicated to Saint George, was built on the site of the temple and the fanum, its choir with a flat apse is under the current chapter house and it had a small cloister. A charter-sign of 1080 describes the works with precision.
At first, the canons teach and preach with the support of the aristocracy then, having become rich and powerful, attract the hostility of their benefactors. Their role does not resist the rise of monasticism with its values of poverty and community life. Like the collegiate church of Boscherville, around thirty Norman collegiate churches disappeared.
In 1113 or 1114, Guillaume de Tancarville, chamberlain of King Henry I Beauclerc drove them out to found the Abbey of Saint-Georges de Boscherville.
Before the French Revolution, the church contained the tombs of its founders and benefactors. In 1823 there were two pits between the choir and the apse covered with paintings with coats of arms where two members of these families were buried. In front of the high altar was the tombstone of Abbé Antoine Le Roux.

## Heritage Listing

Classification: Abbey church (12th century) with lantern tower and organ (1627)17 listed as a historical monument in 1840, funerary slab of Antoine Le Roux (1535) The church is subject to multiple protections as historical monuments1: classification of the church by the list of 1840, classification of the cloister in 1862, classification of the chapter house in 1875, registration of cadastral plots in 1987 and classification of various buried remains as well as various buildings remaining in 1989.
# Documentation Research and Training Centre

Documentation Research and Training Centre (DRTC) is a research institute for library and information science and allied disciplines at the Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore. The centre was established in April 1962, under the auspices of Prof. S. R. Ranganathan (considered to be the father of modern library and information science in India) with the encouragement of Prof. P. C. Mahalanobis at the Indian Statistical Institute. It is an iSchool in India with a very strong research program. DRTC runs a graduate program leading to the award of a 'Master of Science in Library and Information Science' (MS-LIS) from the Indian Statistical Institute as well as serving as an academic and research center for Research Fellows registered for a PhD in Information Science. Research at DRTC generally focuses on the application of information technology to library and information science. DRTC has a Ph.D. collaboration with the University of Trento, Italy.
2012 marked the Golden Jubilee of DRTC, which was celebrated with the 'International Conference on Trends in Knowledge and Information Dynamics' (ICTK-2012).

## Courses
### Master's Program

The DRTC offers a Master of Science in Library & Information Science (MS-LIS).

### Research Program

The DRTC offers a Junior Research Fellowship program in Library & Information Science.

## Faculty

* Devika P Madalli, Professor
* M Krishnamurthy, Associate Professor and Head
* Biswanath Dutta, Associate Professor
# Ovidio Sodor

Ovidio Sodor (born 5 January 1947) is an Argentine field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# HD 153261

HD 153261 is the Henry Draper Catalogue designation for a star in the southern constellation of Ara. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.137, placing it near the threshold of naked eye visibility. According to the Bortle Dark-Sky Scale, it can be viewed from dark suburban or rural skies. Based upon an annual parallax shift of just 2.32 mas, it is located at a distance of around 1,400 light-years (430 parsecs) from Earth.
In 1983, Christopher Stagg reported that he suspected that HD 153261 is a variable star, and his later observations confirmed that it is in fact variable. HD 153261 was given its variable star designation, V828 Arae, in 1987.
This star has been catalogued with a stellar classification of B1 V:ne or B2 IVne, indicating that it is either a main sequence or a subgiant star. The 'n' indicates a nebulous spectrum created by the Doppler shift-broadened absorption lines from a rapid rotation, while the 'e' means this is a Be star, with the spectrum showing emission lines from hot, circumstellar gas. HD 153261 displays some variability with an amplitude of 0.090 in magnitude, and is a suspected spectroscopic binary.
HD 153261 is a large star with over ten times the Sun's mass and around 4.5 the radius of the Sun. It shines with more than 11,000 times the brightness of the Sun, with this energy being radiated into space at an effective temperature of 21,150 K. At this heat, it glows with the blue-white hue of a B-type star.
# Pradeep Undugoda

Pradeep Saman Kumara Undugoda Rupasinghage (born 29 June 1971) is a former Sri Lankan army officer, politician, former provincial councillor and Member of Parliament.
Undugoda was born on 29 June 1971. He was educated at Ananda College. He studied at General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University and has a postgraduate degree from the University of Moratuwa. He is studying for a PhD degree from the National University of Malaysia. He served in the Sri Lanka Light Infantry.
Undugoda was a member of the Western Provincial Council. He contested the 2020 parliamentary election as a Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance electoral alliance candidate in Colombo District and was elected to the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
Electoral history of Pradeep Undugoda :
| Election | Constituency | Party | Alliance | Votes | Result |
| 2009 provincial | Colombo District | | United People's Freedom Alliance | 62,736 | Elected |
| 2014 provincial | Colombo District | | United People's Freedom Alliance | 26,031 | Elected |
| 2020 parliamentary | Colombo District | Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna | Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance | 91,958 | Elected |
# Patineur Grotesque

Patineur Grotesque was a film of a comic roller-skater.
Marius Sestier filmed the comic act in Prince Alfred Park in the South Sydney-Redfern area in 1896. The film was not released until 1897 in Lyon, France. The film was listed in the original Lumière Brothers catalogue as Lumière N°117 and N°73 in a newer catalogue.
Sestier together with Henry Walter Barnett had made approximately 19 films in Sydney and Melbourne between October and November 1896, these being the very first films recorded in Australia.
# Maximilian Perty

Josef Anton Maximilian Perty (17 September 1804, Ornbau – 8 August 1884, Bern) was a German naturalist and entomologist. He was a professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Bern. His first name is sometimes spelled as "Joseph".
He studied natural sciences and medicine in Landshut, earning his medical doctorate in 1826. Afterwards, he obtained his PhD at Erlangen with a thesis on a previously unknown species of beetle, and in 1831 became privat-docent of zoology and general natural history at the University of Munich. From 1833 to 1876, he was a professor at the University of Bern.
He conducted investigative studies of arthropods collected by Johann Baptist von Spix and Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius from an expedition in Brazil. In 1862, the botanical genus Pertya was named in his honor by Carl Heinrich "Bipontinus" Schultz.

## Works

* Observationes nonnulae in Coleoptera Indiae orientalis, München (1831).
* Delectus Animalium Articulatorum quae in itinere per Brasiliam Annis MDCCCXVII – MDCCCXX Iussu et Auspiciis Maximiliani Josephi I. Bavariae Regis Augustissimi, percato collegerunt Dr J. B. de Spix et Dr. C. F. Ph. de Martius. (1830-1834).
* Zur Kenntniss kleinster Lebensformen: nach Bau, Funktionen, Systematik, mit Specialverzeichniss der in der Schweiz beobachteten. pp. 1-228, pls I-XVII. Bern: Verlag von Jent & Reinert.
* Die mystischen Erscheinungen in der menschlichen Natur. Leipzig, (2nd edition 1872, 2 vols.) (1861).
* Über das Seelenleben der Tiere (Leipzig und Heidelberg, 2. 1865: new edition 1876).
* Die Natur im Licht philosophischer Anschauung (Leipzig und Heidelberg) (1869).
* Erinnerungen aus dem Leben eines Natur- und Seelenforschers des 19. Jahrhunderts (Leipzig und Heidelberg) (1879).

## Collections

Perty's collections are divided between the University of Bern and the Zoologische Staatssammlung München
# List of people executed in Smithfield

Smithfield was one of the most important locations for public executions in the medieval and modern City of London. The following people were among those executed there.

## Traitors

People charged with and convicted of treason (or high treason):
* William Wallace (23 August 1305)
* Wat Tyler (1381)
* Sir John Bulmer (1537)
* Edward Arden (1583), beheaded; his head put on London Bridge and his body quartered and placed on the city's gates

## Heretics

People charged with and convicted of heresy:
* William Sawtrey (1401)
* John Badby (1410)
* Thomas Bagley (1431)
* Richard Bayfield (1531)
* John Tewkesbury (1531)
* James Bainham (1532)
* John Frith (1533)
* Andrew Hewet (1533)
* John Lambert (1538)
* John Forrest (1538)
* Two Dutch Anabaptists, a man and a woman (1538)
* William Collins (1540)
* Robert Barnes (1540)
* Thomas Gerrard (1540)
* William Jerome (1540)
* Richard Fetherston (1540)
* Edward Powell (1540)
* Thomas Abel (1540)
* Anne Askew (1546)
* Nicholas Belenian (1546)
* John Adams (1546)
* John Lascelles(1546)
* Joan Bocher (1550)
* John Rogers (1555)
* Thomas Tomkins (1555)
* John Cardmaker (1555)
* John Warne (1555)
* John Bradford (1555)
* John Leaf (1555)
* John Philpot (1555)
* Thomas Whittle (1556)
* Bartholomew Green (1556)
* Thomas Brown (1556)
* John Tudson (1556)
* John Went (1556)
* Isobella Forster (1556)
* Joan Lushford (1556)
* William Tyms, burnt 24 April (1556)
* Robert Drake, burnt 24 April (1556)
* Richard Spurge, burnt 24 April (1556)
* Thomas Spurge, burnt 24 April (1556)
* George Ambrose, burnt 24 April (1556)
* John Cavel, burnt 24 April (1556)
* John Rough (1557)
* Robert Southain (1558)
* Roger Holland (1558)
* Nicholas Horner (1590)
* Bartholomew Legate (1612)
# Roberto Urretavizcaya

Roberto Urretavizcaya (born 22 August 1948) is an Argentine boxer. He competed in the men's light flyweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Mathoor Krishnamurty

Mathoor Krishnamurty is an Indian writer, scholar and the director of the Bengaluru centre of the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. He has written several articles on Vedas and Upanishads and has published books including Gandhi Upanishad, a biographical account on Mohandas Gandhi, and The World Is One Family: Wisdom of the Vedas. He is a recipient of the 2008 Sir M. Visvesvaraya Shiromani Award of the Sir M. Visvesvaraya Foundation. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2009, for his contributions to Literature and Education.
# Paco Cabasés

Francisco Cabasés (24 June 1916 – 5 May 2019) was an Argentine professional footballer who played for Talleres.
# Smart Ones

Smart Ones is a brand of frozen food products, including frozen breakfasts, snacks, entrées, and desserts, which are produced in the U.S. and sold in the U.S. and Canada by The Kraft Heinz Company.

## Overview and history

The Smart Ones brand was launched by the H.J Heinz Company in 1992 as a sub-brand of the Weight Watchers line of frozen entrées and desserts. At the time, Heinz owned Weight Watchers International, known for its well-known weight-loss program and services. At launch, the Smart Ones line was notable for containing only "ONE gram of fat". Later, the meal offerings were expanded significantly and are no longer limited to only one gram of fat.
In 1999, Heinz sold Weight Watchers International but retained a license to use the Weight Watchers trademarks in connection with various food products. In 2015, Oprah Winfrey joined Weight Watchers as an investor and member. Oprah has previously called out Smart Ones on her website as a healthy frozen meal option.

## Timeline

* 1992: Weight Watchers Smart Ones line launched as a sub-brand of Weight Watchers® frozen meals.
* 1998: Heinz consolidates the Weight Watchers frozen meals under the Weight Watchers® Smart Ones® brand name. The line includes breakfasts, entrées and desserts.
* 2004: Weight Watchers Smart Ones introduces frozen pizzas.
* 2007: Weight Watchers Smart Ones introduces frozen pizza snacks.
* 2008: Weight Watchers Smart Ones re-launches frozen breakfasts.
* 2011: Weight Watchers Smart Ones introduces Satisfying Selections, larger portioned frozen meals sold in bags which were later discontinued in 2014.
* 2013: Weight Watchers Smart Ones introduces frozen oatmeals and frozen soups.
* 2015: Weight Watchers Smart Ones launches frozen smoothies.
# 1917 Saint Mary's Saints football team

The 1917 Saint Mary's Saints football team was an American football team that represented Saint Mary's College of California during the 1917 college football season. The team compiled an 8–1–1 record, shut out seven of ten opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 199 to 46. The sole loss was to the undefeated Mare Island Marines team that also won the 1918 Rose Bowl. With victories over both USC and California, the Saint Mary's team was proclaimed in the press as the California college champion.
Prior to 1917, Saint Mary's College had not been known as a football power. As of 1917, the school, located on Broadway in Oakland, California, had only 250 students with an average age of 16, and the Oakland Tribune opined that "only about 20 of the students are football material."
In July 1917, Saint Mary's College hired Russell T. Wilson as its new football coach. Wilson had previously been associated with Whittier College.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 16 | Goat Island Naval Yeoman School | St. Mary's groundsMoraga, CA | W 7–0 |
| September 23 | San Francisco Originals | St. Mary's groundsMoraga, CA | T 0–0 |
| September 29 | at Nevada | Mackay FieldReno, NV | W 41–0 |
| October 1 | at Stewart Indian School | Carson City, NV | W 27–0 |
| October 14 | Fort Winfield Scott | St. Mary's fieldMoraga, CA | W 41–6 |
| October 10 | Goat Island Medical School | St. Mary's groundsMoraga, CA | W 20–0 |
| October 21 | vs. Mare Island Marines | Ewing FieldSan Francisco, CA | L 0–27 |
| October 27 | at USC | Bovard FieldLos Angeles, CA | W 7–0 |
| November 4 | Goat Island Naval Yeoman School | St. Mary's fieldMoraga, CA | W 42–0 |
| November 10 | at California | California FieldBerkeley, CA | W 14–13 |
# Looxahoma, Mississippi

Looxahoma is an unincorporated community in Tate County, Mississippi, United States. Looxahoma is located approximately 8 miles (13 km) east of Senatobia and approximately 8 miles (13 km) west of Tyro near Mississippi Highway 4.
Looxahoma is a name derived from the Chickasaw language meaning "red turtle".
# Cotignola

Cotignola (Romagnol: Cudgnôla) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Ravenna.
Cotignola was the birthplace of the 15th century condottiero Muzio Attendolo, whose family Sforza later ruled Milan, Pesaro and other seigniories in Italy. The other condottiero Alberico da Barbiano was born in the frazione of Barbiano.
Cotignola borders the following municipalities: Bagnacavallo, Bagnara di Romagna, Faenza, Lugo, Solarolo. It is mentioned for the first time in 919 (as Cotoniola) and was later the fief of the counts of Cunio, who had a castle in Barbiano. In the 15th century, it was ruled by the Sforza, then by the Este and, from 1598, it was part of the Papal States.
During the late stages of World War II, Cotignola was near the front line over the Senio river. Eighty percent of the urban buildings were destroyed by the Allied bombings, with some 270 civilian casualties.

## Twin towns

* Hüttlingen, Germany, since 2007
* Delle, France, since 2012
* Be'er Ya'akov, Israel, since 2022
# Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt

The Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt (lit. 'Forest Botanical Garden of Tharandt'; 33.4 hectares), also known as the Sächsisches Landesarboretum (‘Saxony State Arboretum’), is an arboretum maintained by the Dresden University of Technology. It is among the oldest arboreta in the world, and is located at Am Forstgarten 1, Tharandt, Saxony, Germany, and open daily except Friday in the warmer months.
The arboretum was established in 1811 by Heinrich Cotta (1763–1844), founder of the Forestry College in Tharandt. In 1816, it was incorporated into the Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry, and in 1842 augmented by the Schweizerhaus Tharandt, a building in the Swiss style which now houses the arboretum museum. It has subsequently been expanded several times, most recently in 1998 with a new North American section (15 hectares). Today, the arboretum contains about 2,000 species and varieties of woody plants.
# Ducey's Bass Lake Lodge

Ducey's Bass Lake Lodge, originally Freeman’s Bass Lake Lodge, is a historic establishment on the northern shore of Bass Lake. Built by Buddy Freeman in 1941, the lodge initially featured a bar, restaurant, and rental cabins. It changed ownership several times before becoming part of The Pines Resort in 1975.
The lodge gained national recognition as a filming location for the 1987 movie The Great Outdoors. A year later, a kitchen fire destroyed the building. Undeterred, The Pines Resort rebuilt the lodge, opening a new facility in 1991, a mile east of the original site.

## History

Buddy Freeman established Freeman's Bass Lake Lodge in 1941 on the northern shore of Bass Lake, about a mile west of the Pines Village. Initially featuring a bar, restaurant, and rental cabins, the lodge changed hands in 1947, when Jeff Jeffords, Karl Briz, and A.C. Zingle took over. In 1950, Maurice and Marie Ducey bought the lodge, adding a general store, campgrounds, and expanding the collection of Native American artifacts, guns, antiques, and taxidermy. This made the lodge a popular destination for hunters pursuing bear, deer, and quail.
In 1952, the lodge served as the filming headquarters for the movie "Hiawatha". The Duceys later renamed the establishment Ducey's Bass Lake Lodge. Upon their retirement in 1968, Al Westman took over, followed by Dr. Robert and Gloria Rickard a year later. In 1975, the lodge became part of The Pines Resort.
Ducey's Lodge was featured in the 1987 film The Great Outdoors, which was shot at Bass Lake. The movie's vacation cabin set, built at Universal Studios, was designed to resemble the lodge's cabins.
On June 2, 1988, a kitchen fire led to the lodge's destruction. The complex layout of the building, with multiple attics and additions, hampered firefighting efforts. Four hours later, the slate porch and stone chimneys were all that remained of the once thriving lodge.

## Ducey's on the Lake

The Pines Resort quickly initiated reconstruction plans after the original lodge's destruction, bringing on local architect Michael Karby (AIA/MCRP) to design the new building. They chose a site along the lakeshore, roughly a mile east of the previous Ducey's location, for this new lodge.
Members of the Mono tribe actively participated in the lodge's official opening on April 20, 1991, marking the occasion with a ceremonial dance.
Throughout the reconstruction, the team focused on restoring the collection of artifacts lost in the 1988 fire. Notably, the fire had spared the original 12-foot Ducey's road sign, which now adorns the lobby. The sign is complemented by hunting trophies and historical photographs, collectively narrating the lake's history.
# Rubén Agüero

Rubén José Agüero (born 20 February 1960) is an Argentine retired footballer who played as a defender, and is a manager. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1988 Summer Olympics.