OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alpaca Peak

Alpaca Peak is a 2,083-metre (6,834-foot) granitic mountain located in the North Cascades of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is situated 8 km (5 mi) northwest of Coquihalla Summit, and 1.47 km (1 mi) southwest of Vicuna Peak, its nearest higher peak. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains west into headwaters of the East Anderson River, or east into headwaters of the Coldwater River. The mountain was named for the alpaca, as part of the ungulate names theme for several other nearby peaks that were submitted by Philip Kubik of the 1965 first ascent party. The mountain's name was officially adopted on March 23, 1976, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

## Geology

The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.
During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape. The U-shaped cross section of the river valleys is a result of recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area.
The North Cascades features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks and ridges, deep glacial valleys, and granite spires. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to various climate differences which lead to vegetation variety defining the ecoregions in this area.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Alpaca Peak is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Cascade Range where they are forced upward by the range (Orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall. As a result, the Cascade Mountains experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. The months July through September offer the most favorable weather for climbing Alpaca Peak.

## Climbing Routes

Established climbing routes on Alpaca Peak:
* Southeast Ridge - class 2
* Northwest Ridge - class 3 First ascent 1965
* Ricker Route - class 5 First ascent 1984
* Heiberg Route - class 5 First ascent 1984
* Purple People Eaters (East Face) - class 5.8 First ascent 1994
* Al-Pika Slabs - class 5.8 First ascent 2004

## Gallery

* Southeast ridge of Alpaca Peak
# Hanifa

Hanifa (حنيفة) is an Arabic given name, the feminine form of Hanif, which means "incline" (to the right religion, i.e. Islam). It may refer to:
* Abu Hanifa (699–767), founder of Hanafi school of jurisprudence
* V. M. C. Haneefa (1951-2010), Indian actor
* Hənifə, Azerbaijan
* Hanifa Abdullayev (1923-1991), Azerbaijani hematologist and health minister
* Hanifa Deen, Australian writer
* Hanifa Yousoufi (born 1995), Afghan mountaineer
* Hanifa Mavlianova (1924-2010), Russian singer
# Ovate clubshell

The ovate clubshell (Pleurobema perovatum) is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve within the family of Unionidae.
This species is endemic to the Mobile River Basin in Alabama and Mississippi.

## Current Status

The species was listed as extinct by the IUCN in 2012, stating that no specimens had been recorded since the early 20th century. This contradicts publications from the US Fish and Wildlife Service which cite recordings from the 1980s and 90s. In 2008, populations were known in the Sipsey River, and in 2015 at least 13 sites were known, including a "healthy, reproducing" population in Wilson Creek.

## Taxonomy

The species was first described by Timothy Abbott Conrad in 1834.
A DNA study showed that some specimens of P. perovatum were Pleurobema hanleyianum, which was previously thought extinct.

## Etymology

The genus name Pleurobema comes from the Greek "side" and "step", referring to the well-defined posterior ridge. The species name perovatum means "very oval".

## Description

The ovate clubshell is an oval or elliptical mussel that is around 5 cm (2 in) in length. The umbo is inflated, and the posterior ridge is well-developed. The shell color is yellow to dark brown, sometimes with broad green rays. The nacre is white to bluish-white.

## Habitat and Ecology

The species prefers sand and gravel substrates in riffles, runs, and shoals of creeks and rivers.
Females are gravid (pregnant) in June to July. The species, like most freshwater mussels, requires a host fish for its parasitic larval phase. The host fish for Pleurobema perovatum have not been studied, but other members of the genus use minnows in the Cyprinidae family.

## Conservation

The species was listed as Endangered under the Endangered Species Act in 1993, due to habitat alteration by dams and water pollution. In 2019, it was noted that the species' numbers had slightly improved, but populations were still small. Further study was needed on the habitat and ecology of the species.
# Kyparodes

Kyparodes was a town of ancient Thrace, inhabited during Roman times.
Its site is located near Karaköy in European Turkey.
# Ignacio Poletti

Ignacio Poletti (28 April 1930 – 13 November 2023) was an Argentine basketball player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was born in Santa Fe. Poletti died on 13 November 2023, at the age of 93.
# Flavipsychrobacter

Flavipsychrobacter is a Gram-negative genus of bacteria from the family of Chitinophagaceae with one known species (Flavipsychrobacter stenotrophus). Flavipsychrobacter stenotrophus has been isolated from the Renlongba glacier in Tibet.
# Ann Agnes Trail

Ann Agnes Trail or Agnes Xavier Trail (17 February 1798 – 3 December 1872) was a British Roman Catholic nun and artist. She took a leading role in establishing St Margaret's Convent in Edinburgh.

## Life

Trail was born in Panbride, Angus, in 1798. She came from an unusual family in that her great grandfather, grandfather and father had led the same church in Scotland. Trail was educated at home, but in return she had to teach her ten siblings. She was given an 18-month break when she was seventeen but then returned to teaching her brothers and sisters. She did good works and was a teacher at an Irish charity school.
She decided to be an artist and she was taught these skills before 1824. When she set off for Italy in 1826 having already completed commissions for customers in London. She travelled to paint in Florence and Venice but she returned to Rome twice. She had met David Wilkie and others vied for her attention but she saw her future in the Catholic Church after talking with Augustine Baines.
The following years she was in England where she met Canadian catholic James Gillis in Hammersmith in 1832. He shared his ambition to start a convent and Trail became committed to supporting this plan. The following year she and another Scotswoman entered the Ursuline convent at Chavagnes. Trail became Agnes Xavier and when she returned to Edinburgh in 1834 she was accompanied by two lay sisters and seven French nuns. The convent was established and within months they had enrolled new novices. The original plan had been more ambitious as plans were created for a new cathedral besides the convent. The enterprise was funded by businessperson John Menzies who gave the land. Although St Margaret's Convent was the first new convent in Scotland, nearly twenty new Scottish convents were established in the next 50 years.
Tail would paint miniatures in the convent and teach drawing but importantly she socialised with upper- and middle-class women. Trail also created paintings of leading Catholics including Bishop Gillis.
She took a leading role in establishing the St Margaret's Convent in Edinburgh in 1834.
She joined the Catholic church in 1828 in Italy by Cardinal Carlo Odescalchi. Trail was to later paint his portrait.
* Bishop James Gillis in 1841 by Trail
* St Margaret's Convent today

## Death and legacy

She was described as a "unique Presbyterian feminist". She died in 1872 and in 1886 a book was published concerning the history of "her" convent and her autobiography.
# KF Iliria Fushë-Krujë

Klubi i Futbollit Iliria Fushë-Krujë is an Albanian football club based in the small town of Fushë-Krujë.
The club plays its home games at the Redi Maloku Stadium and they currently compete in the Kategoria e Dytë, the third tier of Albanian football.

## History

Only founded in 1991, Iliria had one season in the Albanian Superliga, after they won promotion in 1994. Under manager Fatmir Sala, they were immediately relegated after finishing the 1994–95 season bottom and 10 points from safety.

## Current squad

    As of 12 December 2019
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | ALB | DASHAMIR XHIKA |
| 12 | GK | ALB | SEIJMEN RRUSHI |
| 33 | GK | ALB | ENDRI LIKA |
| 25 | DF | ALB | ADOLF SELMANI |
| 5 | DF | ALB | BRAJAN SELMANI |
| 2 | DF | ALB | AMRI KALLAKU |
| 17 | DF | ALB | XHOEL PLAKU |
| 15 | DF | ALB | JURGEN BAKALLI |
| 18 | DF | ALB | GJERGJ PERGJONI |
| 3 | DF | ALB | BEIS ABAZI |
| 16 | DF | ALB | FLORIAN TROKTHI |
| 4 | MF | ALB | ELION STAFA |
| 10 | MF | ALB | ERISOTEL KOLECI |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 8 | MF | NIG | JOSEPH OKONKWO |
| 14 | MF | ALB | ANDI LLESHI |
| 6 | MF | ALB | BLEDAR LIKAJ |
| 11 | FW | ALB | FJOREST GRIMCI |
| 13 | FW | ALB | XHEMSIAN CEREKU |
| 19 | FW | ALB | Santiago Selmani |
| 22 | FW | NIG | SIKIRU OLATUNBOSUN |
| 20 | FW | ALB | REDI VERIU |
| 7 | FW | COL | RAFAEL VILLAREAL CORREA |
| 23 | FW | ALB | ERLIND QEHAJA |

## List of managers

* Fatmir Sala (August 1991 — September 2015)
* Pëllumb Ziri (September 2015 — February 2017)
* Fatmir Sala (February 2017 — July 2023)
* Afrim Deliu (July 2023 — October 2023)
* Rrahman Hallaçi (October 2023 — February 2024)
* Agim Canaj (February 2024– July 2024)
* Bledar Devolli (July 2024– September 2024)
* Alfred Allamani (September 2024–October 2024)
* Dritan Smajli (October 2024–)
# Little Earthquakes (video)

Little Earthquakes is a VHS video released by singer/songwriter Tori Amos in 1992, which serves as Amos' first video release. The release contains all four music videos released in conjunction with Amos' debut solo album of the same name interspersed with live performances and interview footage.

## Contents

* Silent All These Years (Music Video)
* Leather (Live)
* Precious Things (Live)
* Crucify (Music Video)
* Me and a Gun (Live on Japanese Television)
* Little Earthquakes (Live)
* China (Music Video)
* Happy Phantom (Live)
* Here. In My Head (Live)
* Winter (Music Video)
* Song for Eric (Live)
# Sega Genesis Collection

Sega Genesis Collection (Sega Mega Drive Collection in PAL regions) is a compilation of video games developed by Digital Eclipse and published by Sega for PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. The collection includes twenty-eight Sega Genesis games from a variety of genres, as well as unlockable classic Sega arcade games, with different sets of arcade games for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable versions. A sequel was released in 2009 called Sonic's Ultimate Genesis Collection for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.

## List of games
### Sega Genesis

* Alex Kidd in the Enchanted Castle (1989)
* Altered Beast (1989)
* Bonanza Bros. (1991)
* Columns (1990)
* Comix Zone (1995)
* Decap Attack (1991)
* Ecco the Dolphin (1992)
* Ecco: The Tides of Time (1994)
* Ecco Jr. (1995) †
* Flicky (1991)
* Gain Ground (1991)
* Golden Axe (1989)
* Golden Axe II (1991)
* Golden Axe III (1993)
* Kid Chameleon (1992)
* Phantasy Star II (1989)
* Phantasy Star III: Generations of Doom (1990)
* Phantasy Star IV: The End of the Millennium (1993)
* Ristar (1995)
* Shadow Dancer: The Secret of Shinobi (1990) † / ††
* Shinobi III: Return of the Ninja Master (1993)
* Sonic the Hedgehog (1991)
* Sonic the Hedgehog 2 (1992)
* Super Thunder Blade (1988)
* Sword of Vermilion (1990) †
* Vectorman (1995)
* Vectorman 2 (1996)
* Virtua Fighter 2 (1996) †
† Not available in Sonic's Ultimate Genesis Collection. †† Not available in the PAL release.

### Unlockable extra games

This collection also features more than thirty-five minutes of unlockable interviews from Sega of Japan, a "museum" with facts about the games, strategy tips and box art for each game, as well as a "Sega Cheat Sheet" that consists of cheat codes for most games, and a set of unlockable arcade games, (some of which are from the early Sega/Gremlin era). The collection also contains unlockable trailers for Phantasy Star Universe and Virtua Fighter 5.

#### PlayStation 2

* Altered Beast (arcade) [1988]
* Future Spy (arcade) [1984] †
* Tac/Scan (arcade) [1982] †
* Zaxxon (arcade) [1982]
* Zektor (arcade) [1982] †

#### PlayStation Portable

* Astro Blaster (arcade) [1981] †
* Congo Bongo (arcade) (under original title Tip Top in some regions) [1983]
* Eliminator (arcade) [1981] †
* Space Fury [1981] (arcade) †
* Super Zaxxon (arcade) [1982] †
† Not available in Sonic's Ultimate Genesis Collection.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | (PS2) 82/100 (PSP) 82/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| GameSpot | 8.2/10 |
| IGN | 8.6/10 |
Sega Genesis Collection received "generally favorable" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic.
# DSB

DSB may refer to:

## Science and technology

* Dictionary of Scientific Biography, a multivolume reference work edited by Charles Coulston Gillespie
* Double strand break, a break in both DNA strands, part of DNA repair
* Double-sideband transmission, in telecommunications
* Dsb, the warm-summer Mediterranean continental climate in the Köppen climate classification
* DsbA, a bacterial member of the Dsb (disulfide bond) family of enzymes

## Organizations

* De Surinaamsche Bank, Suriname
* Defense Science Board, of the United States
* Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria, a Bulgarian political party
* Department of Internal Security (ru:Главное управление собственной безопасности МВД России) or Departamenta sobstvennoi bezopasnosti of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, an anticorruption and internal crime detection agency in Russia
* Deutsche Schallplatten Berlin, another name of VEB Deutsche Schallplatten
* Deutsche Schule Bratislava, a German international school in Bratislava, Slovakia
* Deutscher Schützenbund, the German Shooting and Archery Federation
* Dispute Settlement Body, of the World Trade Organization
* DSB (railway company) (Danske Statsbaner), a Danish train operating company
* DSB Bank (Dirk Scheringa Beheer), Netherlands
** DSB Stadion, a football stadium in Alkmaar, Netherlands sponsored by DSB Bank
* DSB International School, a German school in Mumbai, India
* Dutch Safety Board, a Netherlands investigation agency
* German International School of Cairo (Deutsche Schule der Borromäerinnen Kairo), Egypt
* German School Beirut (Deutsche Schule Beirut), Lebanon
* Norwegian Directorate for Civil Protection (Direktoratet for samfunnssikkerhet og beredskap), a Norwegian government organization

## Other

* Dark square bishop, in chess
* Department Store Battles, a modification for Battlefield 2, a computer game
* Domestic Stability Buffer, a capital buffer set by a financial regulator in Canada requiring major domestic banks to keep some loan funds in reserve
* Don Salvador Benedicto, a municipality in the province of Negros Occidental, Philippines
* "Don't Stop Believin'", a song by American rock band Journey
* DSB, the ISO 639-2 or SIL International language code for the Lower Sorbian language - Dolnoserbski
# Daplex

Daplex is a computer language introduced in 1981 by David Shipman of the Computer Corporation of America. Daplex was designed for creating distributed database systems and can be used as a global query language.
# List of unsolved problems in chemistry

This is a list of unsolved problems in chemistry. Problems in chemistry are considered unsolved when an expert in the field considers it unsolved or when several experts in the field disagree about a solution to a problem.

## Physical chemistry problems

* Can the transition temperature of high-temperature superconductors be brought up to room temperature?
* How do the spin–orbit coupling, other relativistic corrections, and inter-electron effects modify the chemistry of the trans-actinides?
* Is it possible to create a practically-useful lithium–air battery?

## Organic chemistry problems

* What is the origin of homochirality in biomolecules?
* Why are accelerated kinetics observed for some organic reactions at the water-organic interface?
* Do replacement reactions of aryl diazonium salts (dediazotizations) predominantly undergo S$_N$1 or a radical mechanism?
* Can an electrochemical cell reliably perform organic redox reactions?
* Which "classic organic chemistry" reactions admit chiral catalysts?
** Is it possible to construct a quaternary carbon atom with arbitrary (distinguishable) substituents and stereochemistry?
* Can artificial enzymes replace the need for protecting groups when modifying sensitive compounds?

## Inorganic chemistry problems

* Are there any molecules that certainly contain a phi bond?
* Is there a less labor- or energy-intensive technique for titanium refinement than the Kroll process?
* Does nitrogen admit metastable allotropes under standard conditions?
* Can new solvents or other techniques make direct carbon capture economical?
** Can artificial photosynthesis make any common fuels?
* What is a reliable synthesis and stabilization method for catenary allotropes of sulfur and carbon?

## Biochemistry problems

* Enzyme kinetics: Why do some enzymes exhibit faster-than-diffusion kinetics?
* Protein folding problem: Is it possible to predict the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of a polypeptide sequence based solely on the sequence and environmental information? Inverse protein-folding problem: Is it possible to design a polypeptide sequence which will adopt a given structure under certain environmental conditions? This has been achieved for several small globular proteins in recent years. In 2020, it was announced that Google's AlphaFold, a neural network based on DeepMind artificial intelligence, is capable of predicting a protein's final shape based solely on its amino-acid chain with an accuracy of around 90% on a test sample of proteins used by the team.
* RNA folding problem: Is it possible to accurately predict the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of a polyribonucleic acid sequence based on its sequence and environment?
* Protein design: Is it possible to design highly active enzymes de novo for any desired reaction?
* Biosynthesis: Can desired molecules, natural products or otherwise, be produced in high yield through biosynthetic pathway manipulation?
# Jaroslav Šíp

Jaroslav Šíp (24 November 1930 – 6 November 2014) was a Czech basketball player and coach. He was voted to the Czechoslovakian 20th Century Team in 2001.

## Playing career
### Club career

During his club playing career, Šíp won five Czechoslovakian League championships (1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, and 1959).

### National team career

Šíp competed with the senior Czechoslovakian national team at the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He also competed with Czechoslovakia at the 1951 EuroBasket, where he won a silver medal, at the 1955 EuroBasket, where he won a silver medal, at the 1957 EuroBasket, where he won a bronze medal, and at the 1959 EuroBasket, where he won a silver medal.

## Coaching career

During his coaching career, Šíp won seven Czechoslovakian League championships (1965, 1966, 1970, 1971, 1974, 1981, and 1982). He also won the European-wide secondary level FIBA Saporta Cup championship, in the 1968–69 season.
# Louis Devoti

Louis Devoti (10 August 1926 – 6 August 2020) was a French basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was inducted into the French Basketball Hall of Fame in 2017.
# .30 Remington AR

The .30 Remington AR / 7x39mm Remington AR is an intermediate cartridge created in 2008 by Remington Arms to fill a perceived gap in performance on large game between the .223 Remington and larger cartridges such as the .308 Winchester. The design of the cartridge is considered a joint effort between companies under the "Freedom Group" name through a private equity firm and included such companies as Bushmaster, DPMS and Remington itself. It is a rebated rim cartridge designed to fit Remington's R-15 semiautomatic hunting rifle. It was made to fit the dimensional constraints of the AR-15 magazine and is based on a modification of the .450 Bushmaster, which in turn is based on the .284 Winchester.
Remington was the only company that manufactured this ammunition and its components. The cartridge was a commercial failure and has been discontinued by Remington.

## Design

Starting with a .450 Bushmaster case, Remington trimmed the length to 1.525 in from the original 1.7 and necked it down to accept a conical .308 in diameter bullet with a 25-degree shoulder.
The rim size is .492 in and because the round generates 55,000 psi, Remington opted to use a .308 rifle bolt in a 5.56-sized rifle for increased case support. The rim was widened from the .473 in of the parent case to prevent the use of a weaker .450 Bushmaster bolt with this cartridge. With a 150 grain bullet, the round travels at 2,575 feet per second (fps).

## Performance

Performance tests between the .30 RAR and the .308 Winchester show that while the .30 RAR does have a good muzzle velocity, the energy it is capable of delivering on target at around 400 yards decreases significantly. Combined with the poorer ballistic coefficients of the lighter projectiles (.267 for the 125-grain Core-Lokt), this makes the .30 RAR a cartridge suited to ranges around 300 to 400 yards, although this can be extended with projectiles of higher ballistic coefficient (.341 for the Speer TNT 125 grain).
A side effect of the short, wide case is that the Remington R-15 rifle, which was designed alongside the cartridge, uses a four-round, single-stack magazine.
# Fabio Presca

Fabio Presca (4 December 1930 – 16 February 2008) was an Italian basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Giorgio Bongiovanni

Giorgio Bongiovanni (born 4 March 1926) is an Italian former basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Rolando Rubalcava

Rolando Rubalcava (22 July 1923 – 15 October 1996) was a Mexican basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Ladislau Mokos

Ladislau Mokos (born 9 October 1931) was a Romanian basketball player, born in Oradea, who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Romanian basketball team, which was eliminated in the first round of the 1952 tournament. He played both matches.
# Mehmet Ali Yalım

Mehmet Ali Yalım (1 April 1929 – 28 January 1992) was a Turkish basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# André Schlupp

André Paul Schlupp (14 January 1930 – 19 May 2008) was a French basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1956 Summer Olympics.