OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Palaeodesmus

Palaeodesmus tuberculata is an extinct species of millipede known from the lower Devonian period of modern-day Scotland. It was originally described as "Kampecaris tuberculata" by the Reverend Stanley Graham Brade-Birks, but was placed in its own new genus, Palaeodesmus, in 2004. Palaeodesmus has three rows of tubercles or bosses in the shape of round-edged squares or rectangles on the dorsal portion of each body segment. Palaeodesmus is a member of the extinct group Archipolypoda, but its anatomy is too poorly known to place it confidently within any known taxonomic family or order, and so it remains incertae sedis (uncertain placement), although possibly related to archidesmidan species such as Archidesmus.
# Frail gourami

The frail gourami (Ctenops nobilis) or noble gourami is a mouth brooding species of gourami native to northeastern India and Bangladesh . This species grows to a length of 10 cm (3.9 in). It is only seldom found in the aquarium trade, courtesy of its extreme sensitivity to shipping stress and high levels of aggression. This species is the only known member of its genus.

## Growth habits

As these fish grow as juveniles, socialization is shown, but as maturity is reached, then their entire personalities flip upside down with high levels of aggression to others of their kind and potentially other fish as well.

## Life cycle

Females of this species have a more slimmer head and jaw shape compared to males. Males have a rounder jaw for mouth brooding (carrying eggs in mouth). The ritual can last for many hours. The female, after laying the eggs, diligently collects every one of them and expels them from her mouth for the male to hold with his anal fin and place in his mouth. They continue this process until every egg is laid and guard the area at the same time. The males are then the parental egg-bearer and gains a cryptic and strange marble patterning. Feeding then is greatly reduced in the male, or ceases altogether. The eggs stay in his mouth for about 7–20 days, after this releases free-swimming fry. This intelligent species shows a learning process in younger or inexperienced individuals in gaining knowledge of how to hold the eggs properly without swallowing them.

## Natural habitat

These micro-predators live in the clear, overgrown, slow-flowing waters of eastern India, northern Bangladesh, the Sikkim state, west Bengal, Bihar, the Assam states, and just discovered, Nepal. This adaptive species have also been recorded where foliage and vegetation is scarce. during the months of June and July, monsoons are common. Temperatures range from 59–90 degrees Fahrenheit, or 15–32 degrees Celsius, with the cold extremes at the most northerly reaches of its range. Its habitats are subjugated to severe seasonal change with water change, volume, and flow, in which they persevere. At the when living alongside the catfish Pseudolaguvia muricata in Bangladesh the habitat was a slow-moving, shallow stream containing clear water with a substrate of sand and organic detritus. This gourami was recorded here with sympatric species including Barilius barna, B. bendelisis, B. tileo, Devario devario, Oreichthys cosuatis, Psilorhynchus sucatio, Lepidocephalichthys guntea, Acanthocobitis botia, Schistura corica, S. savona, Amblyceps mangois, Mystus bleekeri, Olyra longicaudata, Conta conta, Hara jerdoni, Pseudolaguvia ribeiroi, P. shawi, Aplocheilus panchax, Xenentodon cancila, Microphis deocata, Chanda nama, Pseudambassis baculis, Pseudambassis ranga, Channa gachua, Badis badis, Nandus nandus, Glossogobius giuris, Mastacemelus pancalus and Tetraodon cutcutia.
In the Suthimari River basin, West Bengal frail gouramis were collected in early September in the early afternoon alongside Danio rerio from a habitat containing relatively clear, moderately-flowing water with some suspended sediment and there was no aquatic vegetation present.
# Elvira of Sicily

Elvira of Sicily (died in 1231) was a member of the House of Hauteville who claimed the throne of the Kingdom of Sicily. She is known by an exceptional number of names, including Albinia, Elvira, Maria, Albidina and Blanche.

## Early life

Elvira was the eldest daughter of Tancred, Count of Lecce, and Sibylla of Acerra. Her father, an illegitimate member of the royal family, seized the throne of Sicily upon the death of his cousin William II in 1189, thus dispossessing his aunt Constance, who had been heir presumptive as William II's closest legitimate relative. A war of succession ensued between Tancred and Constance's husband, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI. King Tancred died in 1194, leaving the crown to his son, William III. William was deposed by Henry and Constance later that year. Elvira's defeated mother was promised the County of Lecce and the Principality of Taranto as compensation, but she and her children were soon arrested on the charges of treason. Elvira's brother died blinded in 1198, while she was taken with her mother and two sisters to Germany and imprisoned in Hohenburg Abbey. They either escaped or were set free following papal intervention.

## Pursuing claims

In 1199, Sibylla arrived in France with her daughters. Constance and Henry had both died shortly after conquering Sicily, leaving the kingdom to their infant son, Frederick. Sibylla intended for Elvira, her eldest surviving child, to marry a French nobleman powerful enough to press Elvira's claim on the Kingdom of Sicily against Frederick's regents. King Philip II of France convened a council in Melun, where it was decided that Elvira should marry Count Walter III of Brienne. Shortly after the marriage, Elvira, her husband and her mother all asked Pope Innocent III to help them take the kingdom. Walter petitioned him to recognize Elvira's claim to her father's throne. Innocent was Frederick's guardian, however, and refused to recognize Elvira as the heir of the entire kingdom. Instead, he recognized her right to the fiefs of Lecce and Taranto, her father's original domain, which had been promised to her mother by Henry. In exchange for this, Elvira and her family had to accept the infant Frederick as their king.
Elvira accompanied Walter to the Kingdom of Sicily in 1201. Her husband achieved significant victories against Frederick's forces but was ambushed and killed in 1205. Elvira was pregnant and some time afterwards gave birth to a posthumous son, Walter IV, who inherited Brienne. Although it had become accepted in northeastern France that a widow could rule as regent for her minor child, Elvira stayed with her son in southern Italy, effectively leaving the regency to his uncle John. Elvira's quick remarriage severed her link to the House of Brienne and John made no effort to support her claims.

## Later life

In order to protect her son's interests and advance her own claim to the throne, Elvira remarried soon after Walter's death. Her second husband was James, Count of Tricarico, whom she married already in 1205. She married, thirdly, Tegrimo di Modigliana, Count Palatine of Tuscia. Elvira died there in 1231.
# The American Mathematical Monthly

The American Mathematical Monthly is a mathematical journal founded by Benjamin Finkel in 1894. It is published ten times each year by Taylor & Francis for the Mathematical Association of America.
The American Mathematical Monthly is an expository journal intended for a wide audience of mathematicians, from undergraduate students to research professionals. Articles are chosen on the basis of their broad interest and reviewed and edited for quality of exposition as well as content. In this the American Mathematical Monthly fulfills a different role from that of typical mathematical research journals. The American Mathematical Monthly is the most widely read mathematics journal in the world, according to records on JSTOR.
Tables of contents with article abstracts from 1997–2010 are available online.
The MAA gives the Lester R. Ford Awards annually to "authors of articles of expository excellence" published in the American Mathematical Monthly.

## Editors

* 2022–present: Della Dumbaugh
* 2017–2021: Susan Colley
* 2012–2016: Scott T. Chapman
* 2007–2011: Daniel J. Velleman
* 2002–2006: Bruce Palka
* 1997–2001: Roger A. Horn
* 1992–1996: John H. Ewing
* 1987–1991: Herbert S. Wilf
* 1982–1986: Paul Richard Halmos
* 1978–1981: Ralph Philip Boas, Jr.
* 1977–1978: Alex Rosenberg and Ralph Philip Boas Jr.
* 1974–1976: Alex Rosenberg
* 1969–1973: Harley Flanders
* 1967–1968: Robert Abraham Rosenbaum
* 1962–1966: Frederick Arthur Ficken
* 1957–1961: Ralph Duncan James
* 1952–1956: Carl Barnett Allendoerfer
* 1947–1951: Carroll Vincent Newsom
* 1942–1946: Lester Randolph Ford
* 1937–1941: Elton James Moulton
* 1932–1936: Walter Buckingham Carver
* 1927–1931: William Henry Bussey
* 1923–1926: Walter Burton Ford
* 1922: Albert Arnold Bennett
* 1919–1921: Raymond Clare Archibald
* 1918: Robert Daniel Carmichael
* 1916–1917: Herbert Ellsworth Slaught
* 1914–1915: Board of editors: C.H. Ashton, R.P. Baker, W.C. Brenke, W.H. Bussey, W.DeW. Cairns, Florian Cajori, R.D. Carmichael, D.R. Curtiss, I.M. DeLong, B.F. Finkel, E.R. Hedrick, L.C. Karpinski, G.A. Miller, W.H. Roever, H.E. Slaught
* 1913: Herbert Ellsworth Slaught
* 1909–1912: Benjamin Franklin Finkel, Herbert Ellsworth Slaught, George Abram Miller
* 1907–1908: Benjamin Franklin Finkel, Herbert Ellsworth Slaught
* 1905–1906: Benjamin Franklin Finkel, Leonard Eugene Dickson, Oliver Edmunds Glenn
* 1904: Benjamin Franklin Finkel, Leonard Eugene Dickson, Saul Epsteen
* 1903: Benjamin Franklin Finkel, Leonard Eugene Dickson
* 1894–1902: Benjamin Franklin Finkel, John Marvin Colaw
# National Reform Movement (Antigua and Barbuda)

The National Reform Movement is a political party in Antigua and Barbuda. In the 1999 elections NRM had a single candidate, Knolly Hill, who ran in the St. Peter constituency. However, he received only 33 votes, and failed to win a seat.
# Blue Collar Comedy Tour Rides Again

Blue Collar Comedy Tour Rides Again is a 2004 American comedy film directed by C.B. Harding and starring Jeff Foxworthy, Bill Engvall, Larry the Cable Guy, Ron White, and PJ Walsh. It is a direct-to-video sequel to the film Blue Collar Comedy Tour: The Movie.
The DVD was a surprise success for Paramount Home Entertainment, which by April 2005 reported sales of 2.5 million units. The soundtrack for Blue Collar Comedy Tour Rides Again peaked at No. 10 on the Billboard Top Country Music Chart in December 2004.

## Plot

The Blue Collar guys have reunited for their second tour, and in this movie, they are in Denver.
Bill Engvall was up first. His routine consisted of a whale-watching adventure in California with a couple of surfers, a hunting trip with his wife that went terribly wrong, and his critically acclaimed "Here's Your Sign" jokes.
Ron White, with his usual scotch on the rocks and cigar, took the stage next. His routine featured stories about his recent marriage to his second wife, an argument with a random bystander about Garth Brooks, and some material about the dogs that he owns, particularly his bulldog Sluggo.
Jeff Foxworthy came on to the stage after White. He gave his opinions of side effects in prescription medicines, shared similarities he noticed between straight men and gay men, as well as similarities between teenagers and senior citizens, with each portion involving a story about his redneck family.
Larry the Cable Guy came out to a rousing ovation from the audience. He delivered a routine which consisted of "family stories" and his many past relationships with various women.
After Larry finished his set, all the guys came out to close out the show. At first, they talked about how blessed they felt to do what they do, and with that, recalled the last jobs they had (or considered doing) before becoming comedians and eventually touring together. Then, Larry pulled out a guitar, and the guys performed the song "I Believe" to the enthusiastic Denver crowd.
# Anita B.

Anita B. is a 2014 Italian drama film directed by Roberto Faenza. It is loosely based on the 2009 autobiographic novel Quanta stella c'è nel cielo (How Many Stars Twinkle in the Sky) by Edith Bruck.

## Plot

It is 1945, World War II has just ended, and Anita, a 16-year-old Hungarian Jewish girl who survived Auschwitz but was orphaned, is taken in by her paternal aunt Monika in Zvíkovské, Czechoslovakia.
Anita now lives with her aunt, her uncle Aron, their infant son Roby, and Eli, Aron's brother and then Monika's brother-in-law in a house confiscated by the Czechoslovak government from Germans expelled from the country after the war.
But Anita is immediately treated coldly by Monika, who forbids her to talk about her experience in the concentration camp. She is also forbidden to leave the house, as the girl is undocumented. Nevertheless, invited by her aunt and uncle who trust in the confusion, she attends a party one evening. Here two policemen, realizing that she is a Hungarian, discover that she is not in good standing and arrest her. Imprisoned, she is freed when, a few days later, she obtains her papers.
Days pass and Anita begins working in a tailor's shop, where she befriends David. Meanwhile, a troubled romance begins between Anita and Eli. One day, Anita discovers that she is pregnant: she would like to confide in David, but the young man has left for Jerusalem. When she reveals her status to Eli, the man reacts badly and decides to take her lover to Prague to have her aborted. Anita is reluctant, but follows him to Prague, as she believes she is in love with him.
At the time of the procedure, the doctor realizes that Anita would like to keep the baby and gives her a sedative to simulate anesthesia. He then dismisses her by handing back to her the money shelled out by Eli for the abortion. Anita returns with Eli to their hotel room and he leaves, locking her inside. Anita, finally realizing that she is unloved by Eli, escapes by jumping from the balcony and reaches the city's Jewish reception center, where she knows that trips are being arranged to Marseilles, and then sails to Palestine. The young girl finally manages to leave with other Jewish boys to reach Jerusalem, where David is, and, on the truck that will take her to Marseille, she travels serenely to her people's past with only one piece of luggage: the future.

## Cast

* Eline Powell: Anita
* Robert Sheehan: Eli
* Andrea Osvárt: Monica
* Antonio Cupo: Aron
* Nico Mirallegro: David
* Moni Ovadia: Uncle Jacob
* Jane Alexander: Sarah
# Criminal (upcoming film)

Criminal is an upcoming Indian Tamil-language crime thriller film written and directed by Dakshina Moorthy Ramar, in his directorial debut. It is produced by P. R. Meenakshi Soundram and IB. Karthikeyan under the banners Parsa Pictures and Big Print Pictures. The film stars Gautham Karthik and R. Sarathkumar in the lead roles.
The film was officially announced in January 2023. Principal photography began the same month, was mostly shot in Madurai, and wrapped by March. The music was composed by Sam C. S., while the cinematography and editing are handled by Prasanna S Kumar and Manikanda Balaji, respectively.

## Cast

* Gautham Karthik as an accused
* R. Sarathkumar as a cop
* Janani as the cop's daughter
* Subatra Robert as a cop
* Raveena Ravi
* Deepthie Orintelu
* Karunakaran

## Production
### Development

In December 2020, Gautham Karthik was reported to play the protagonist and antagonist in a film directed by debutant Dhakshina Moorthy Ramar. In April 2022, R. Sarathkumar was confirmed to play a role as a cop in the film by the director. Janani was also confirmed to play a role as the cop's daughter. A muhurat puja was held on 23 January 2023.

### Filming

Principal photography began on 23 January 2023 with the first schedule in Madurai. The first schedule wrapped up by 15 February. The filming wrapped by 17 March.

## Music

The music is composed by Sam C. S. in his maiden collaboration with Dhakshina and second with Gautham.
# Kho Taichi

Kho Taichi (Chinese: 許龍一; born 13 November 2000) is a Hong Kong professional golfer who plays on the Asian Tour. He claimed his first win as a professional in his fourth professional start at the 2023 World City Championship, also becoming the first player from Hong Kong to win on the Asian Tour.

## Amateur career

Kho attended the University of Notre Dame from 2018 to 2022. In November 2021, Kho finished runner-up at the Asia-Pacific Amateur Championship. He was defeated in a playoff by Keita Nakajima.

## Professional career

Kho turned professional in February 2023, making his first start as a professional at the Singapore Classic on the European Tour. In March, he won the weather-shortened World City Championship on the Asian Tour. The tournament was played at the Hong Kong Golf Club (Kho's home club). He shot two rounds of 64 and a final-round 70 to win by two shots ahead of Michael Hendry. The win also marked the first victory by a Hong Kong player on the Asian Tour. Additionally, he secured a place in the 2023 Open Championship. Kho was named as the Asian Tour Rookie of the Year for the 2023 season.

## Amateur wins

* 2016 Hong Kong Junior Open Championship
* 2017 Hong Kong Junior Close Championship, Mission Hills Jack Nicklaus Junior Championship
* 2018 Hong Kong Junior Close Championship, Hong Kong Junior Open Championship
* 2021 Golfweek Hoosier Amateur
Source:

## Professional wins (3)
### Asian Tour wins (1)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner-up |
| 1 | 26 Mar 2023 | World City Championship | −12 (64-64-70=198)* | 2 strokes | Michael Hendry |
*Note: The 2023 World City Championship was shortened to 54 holes due to rain.

### Other wins (2)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1 | 1 Oct 2023 | Asian Games | −27 (62-60-70-69=261) | 1 stroke | Im Sung-jae |
| 2 | 27 Jun 2024 | Memorial Olivier Barras | −10 (71-67-65=203) | 5 strokes | Sven Cremer, Filippo Serra (a), Miles Wennestam (a) |

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 2023 |
| Masters Tournament | |
| PGA Championship | |
| U.S. Open | |
| The Open Championship | CUT |
CUT = missed the half-way cut
# 1191 in Italy

Events during the year 1191 in Italy.

## Events

* In August, Sicilians defeat an invasion of Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor; Empress Constance is captured and later imprisoned at Castel dell'Ovo at Naples.
# Natalia Dudinskaya

Natalia Mikhailovna Dudinskaya (21 August [O.S. 8 August] 1912 – 29 January 2003) was a Soviet prima ballerina who dominated the Kirov Ballet from the 1930s to the 1950s.
Dudinskaya was born on 21 August [O.S. 8 August] 1912, in Kharkiv. Her mother was Natalia Taliori [uk], a Ukrainian and Russian ballerina who had been coached by Enrico Cecchetti. Trained by Agrippina Vaganova, Dudinskaya matriculated from her school in 1931. She danced all the classical leads at the Kirov Theatre including the starring role in Cinderella. She later originated leading roles in Boris Asafyev's Flames of Paris and Taras Bulba. She was best known in La Bayadère, Don Quixote and in the title role of the eponymous Laurencia, which she originated. She was frequently partnered by her husband, Konstantin Sergeyev, famed Georgian dancer Vakhtang Chabukiani and, at the end of her career, a 21-year-old Rudolf Nureyev who she picked to partner her in Laurencia. Frail health forced her to retire in 1961. She did, however dance in her husband's 1964 film version of Sleeping Beauty in the role of Carabosse. During her career, she received a total of four Stalin Prizes. In 1957 she was named a People's Artist of the USSR.
Upon her retirement, Dudinskaya became the ballet mistress of the Kirov Ballet and one of the most famed teachers at the Vaganova Institute. After Nureyev's defection to the West in 1961, she and her husband, Konstantin Sergeyev, were subjected to reprimands from Soviet officials. They ultimately lost their company positions after the defection of Natalia Makarova in 1970 but Dudinskaya continued to teach up and coming dancers. Anastasia Volochkova and Ulyana Lopatkina were among the last ballerinas coached by her. Dudinskaya also helped her husband stage his productions of Russian classics outside Russia, turning up at the Boston Ballet, for example, in the 1980s and 1990s to work on Giselle, Swan Lake, La Bayadère and Le Corsaire. She died in Saint Petersburg on 29 January 2003 at the age of 90.
# Ahmed Abdou

Ahmed Abdou (born 1936) is a Comorian former politician. He was Prime Minister of Comoros from 27 December 1996 to 9 September 1997.

## Early life

Abdou was born in Mutsamudu on the island of Anjouan.

## Career

Abdou served as Minister of Finance briefly during 1972, and again from 1973 until the country received independence in 1975. He became prominent again over 20 years later when in December 1996, he was appointed Prime Minister of Comoros.
In May 1997 there was a movement to dismiss him, but he survived a parliamentary confidence vote 38–2. The government ran into serious trouble in August 1997 when two of the Comoros's islands, including Abdou's home island of Anjouan, seceded from the union and Abdou was dismissed in September 1997 after 9 months in office.
In September 2014, he had been detained by the government for his alleged support and affiliation with ISIS. He was released nine years later, in April 2023.
# Shazia Marri

Shazia Atta Marri (Urdu: شازیہ عطا مری; born 8 October 1966), also known as Shazia Jannat Marri, is a Pakistani politician, former Federal Minister and Chairperson of Benazir Income Support Programme. She has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024 and previously served in this position from July 2012 to August 2013, from August 2013 to May 2018, and from August 2018 till August 2023. She was the Minister for Poverty Alleviation and Social Safety from April 2022 to August 2023.

## Early life and education

She was born on 8 October 1966 in Karachi, to former Deputy Speaker of the Sindh Assembly Atta Muhammad Marri, into a Sindhi family.
Her grandfather Ali Muhammad was also politician and was member of legislative assembly during British government from 1944 to 1945. Moreover, her mother Parveen Marri has also remained member of Sindh Assembly during 1985–86. She has a BA degree.

## Political career

She was elected to Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 2002 Pakistani general election.
She served as Provincial Minister of Sindh for Electric before appointed as Provincial Minister of Sindh for Information from 2008 to 2010.
She was re-elected to Provincial Assembly of Sindh in 2008 Pakistani general election from PS-133 on reserved seat for women, representing Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). In July 2012, she resigned from the seat.
In July 2012, she was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of PPP on a seat reserved for women from Sindh.
She ran for the seat of National Assembly in 2013 Pakistani general election from NA-235 (Sanghar-II), but was unsuccessful.
She was re-elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan on reserved seat for women in 2013 election.
In July 2013, she was elected to the National Assembly in by-election from NA-235 (Sanghar-II).
She was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from NA-216 (Sanghar-II) in 2018 Pakistani general election. She received 80,770 votes and defeated Kishan Chand Parwani, a candidate of the Grand Democratic Alliance (GDA). In the same election, she was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP on a seat reserved for women from Sindh.
She was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from NA-209 Sanghar-I in the 2024 Pakistani general election. She received 156,723 votes and defeated Muhammad Khan Junejo, a candidate of the GDA.