OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Stewart, 2nd Earl of Angus

Thomas Stewart, 2nd Earl of Angus (c. 1331-1361) was a medieval Scottish nobleman.
He was the son of John Stewart of Bonkyll and Margaret de Abernethy. Stewart was an infant when his father died and inherited his estates and titles in Berwickshire, Abernethy and Angus.
In 1353 he married Margaret Sinclair, a daughter of William de St Clair of Rosslyn. (St Clair was slain in 1330, along with Sir James Douglas, at the Battle of Teba whilst accompanying King Robert's Heart to the Holy Land.) The petition for this marriage was sent to the Holy See, with support from John II of France, which would suggest that the young Angus spent time at the French court.
Present at the siege of Berwick in 1355, Angus was one of the lords that negotiated the release of David II following his 10-year captivity following the Battle of Neville's Cross. At some point in the late 1350s, Stewart was made Great Chamberlain of Scotland, an office he lost at some point before 1359, when Walter de Biggar was in office.
Angus was considered one of the conspirators in the murder of King David's mistress, Catherine Mortimer, at Soutra in 1360, and was duly imprisoned. Whilst being held at Dumbarton Castle, he succumbed to Bubonic plague in 1361.

## Marriage and issue

Thomas Stewart had two daughters by Margaret Sinclair:
* Margaret Stewart, Countess of Angus and Mar, and mother to George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus
* Elizabeth Stewart, married Alexander Hamilton of Ballencrieff and Innerwick, ancestors of the Earls of Haddington.
# Nymphaea oxypetala

Nymphaea oxypetala is a species of waterlily native to Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Venezuela. It is a remarkable species with excessively acuminate and acute sepals and petals.

## Description
### Vegetative characteristics

Unlike most other waterlilies, this species rarely produces floating leaves. The strongly reduced floating leaves are only produced very rarely. The smaller floating leaves are up to 6 cm large. The purplish-green, submerged, saggitate, membranous leaves are significantly larger with up to 30 cm big leaf blades. The broad submerged leaves display a likeness to the leaves of lettuce. The petioles are fragile and leaves break of easily.

### Generative characteristics

The nocturnal flowers float on the water surface. The stamens are purple. The cream-coloured, 2 cm long carpellary appendages are abruptly folded at the apex. They are the longest carpellary appendages of all Nymphaea species. The floral fragrance has been described as ether-like.

## Cytology

The chromosome count of this polyploid species is 6n = 84.

## Reproduction
### Vegetative reproduction

This species is likely not stoloniferous. Proliferating pseudanthia are also lacking in Nymphaea oxypetala.

### Generative reproduction

Flowering occurs throughout March to August.

## Ecology
### Habitat

It is associated with lotic habitats, These aquatic habitats are defined by the presence of moving water. It occurs in floodplains, river branches and in seasonal streams. In the Pantanal it occurs in the flooding area of the Paraguay River, Nabileque, Abobral and Poconé. In the Bolivian Pantanal, Nymphaea oxypetala was observed growing at depths of up to 2 m in gaps amid mats of floating vegetation and in localities where human activities prevented the growth of such floating mats along the margins.

## Taxonomy
### Type specimen

The type specimen was collected by W. Jameson in March 1845 in Ecuador near Guayaquil.

### Placement within Nymphaea

It is placed within Nymphaea subg. Hydrocallis.

## Etymology

The specific epithet oxypetala refers to the pointed petals of this species.

## Conservation

The conservation status in Brazil is not evaluated (NE).

## Cultivation

It is kept as an aquarium plant, as well as in small containers of water. It is intolerant of cold, turbid and saline water and favours clear, slowly flowing freshwater.
# Holy Bagel

Holy Bagel (Hebrew: הולי בייגל) is an Israeli restaurant chain which sells bagel sandwiches, salads, and other light fare.

## History

Holy Bagel was founded in 1999 in Jerusalem as an American-style bagel store, by Ari Dubin and Zev Wernick. Both had previously worked in the restaurant business within Israel and knew they could utilize their experience to tap into the bagel market. Their paths first crossed when they both were working at Bonkers Bagels in Jerusalem, next door to where they opened their first store. Both had previously made Aliyah from the United States.
In 2002 Holy Bagel opened an additional location on Jaffa Road when Dunkin' Donuts Israel closed in that location. Later their business at this location dropped by over 50% due to the Sbarro restaurant suicide bombing.
Holy Bagel later expanded adding locations in Ramot, Geula Jerusalem Central Bus Station, the Old City, and beyond Jerusalem in Beit Shemesh, Modi'in, Ra'anana & Netanya

## Locations

As of November 2016 Holy Bagel has 9 locations around Israel. All of the locations are franchises.
Holy Bagel runs a catering business that offers service throughout the country, for parties of 60 or more.
Holy Bagel's main factory is located in Talpiot, Jerusalem.

## Kashrut

All Holy Bagel locations are kosher Mehadrin.
# Tungsten(VI) oxytetrachloride

Tungsten(VI) oxytetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula WOCl$_4$. This diamagnetic solid is used to prepare other complexes of tungsten. The red crystalline compound is soluble in nonpolar solvents but it reacts with alcohols and water and forms adducts with Lewis bases.

## Structure

The solid consists of weakly associated square pyramidal monomers. The compound is classified as an oxyhalide.

## Synthesis and reactions

WOCl$_4$ is prepared from tungsten trioxide:
    WO$_3$ + 2 SOCl$_2$ → WOCl$_4$ + 2 SO$_2$
    WCl$_6$ + (Me$_3$Si)$_2$O → WOCl$_4$ + 2 Me$_3$SiCl
It is "difficult to prepare by other means."
WOCl$_4$ is Lewis acidic. It is a precursor to catalysts used for polymerization of alkynes.
# A Billion Hands Concert

A Billion Hands Concert was a benefit performance held on 5 December 2008 in Mumbai, India, by Anoushka Shankar and Jethro Tull. All proceeds from the concert went to victims of the 2008 Mumbai attacks.
The concert was originally planned as part of a larger tour throughout India by Shankar and Jethro Tull. The Mumbai leg of the tour was originally scheduled for 29 November 2008, three days after the attacks. After they cancelled the concert, the web-based platform A Billion Hands: For a Better Tomorrow, that was founded by Web18's COO Rishi Khiani and supported by Network 18, asked Shankar and Jethro Tull if they would consider holding a benefit concert instead. A Billion Hands Concert took place on 5 December 2008 in Mumbai. Jethro Tull frontman Ian Anderson stated in a press release that, "some people might consider it disrespectful that we are having a concert but hopefully a majority will realise what this is about and what it says." Shankar added that: "as a musician, this is how I speak, how I express the anger within me [...] our entire tour has been changed by these events and even though the structure of the concert may remain the same, emotionally perhaps we are saying a lot more." Farhad Wadia, CEO of E 18, stated in response that: "We are very grateful to both Jethro Tull and Ms. Shankar for agreeing to perform at this concert, in spite of the terror attacks and at their splendid contribution towards the victims of the horrific attacks in Mumbai. Though it's a much abused thought, this truly is a reflection of Mumbai's strength and character and its willingness to forge ahead. It's important that we use this platform to spread the word of peace and harmony."
# Morchella Mediterraneensis

Morchella mediterraneensis is a species of true morel, classified under the family Morchellaceae, within the division Ascomycota. First described in 2016, it belongs to the elata subclade (Morchella sect. Distantes). The species is notable for its distribution in Mediterranean regions, particularly southern Turkey, where it is one of the most common morel species.

## Taxonomy and Naming

The species was described by Taşkın, Büyükalaca, and Doğan in 2016 based on its unique morphological and molecular characteristics. The specific epithet mediterraneensis reflects its prevalence in the Mediterranean biogeographical zone.

## Description
### Macroscopic Features

The ascocarps (fruiting bodies) are medium-sized, ranging from 25 to 60 mm in height. The pileus (cap) is hollow, conical, and features a deep, narrow sulcus where it attaches to the stipe (stem). The ridges are dark violet to black, while the pits are light gray to olive gray with bluish tinges when young, maturing to a honey-brown to golden-brown hue. The stipe is hollow and often constricted at the base, becoming cream-white to light honey-brown with age.

### Microscopic Features

Spores are elliptical to oblong, measuring 20–24 × 11.2–13.8 µm, with faint wrinkling visible under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Paraphyses are 2–4-septate, cylindrical, or clavate, while acroparaphyses are lanceolate to clavate with thickened walls.

## Habitat and Distribution

Morchella mediterraneensis is found primarily in Mediterranean regions but has been observed in areas extending to Spain and Greece. In Turkey, it grows under various conifers, including Pinus brutia, P. nigra, Cedrus libani, Juniperus excelsa, and Abies cilicica. It occurs at elevations ranging from 1,000 to 1,700 meters.

## Phylogenetics

Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that M. mediterraneensis is closely related to Morchella snyderi, a species endemic to western North America. Despite their similar morphology, the two species are distinct, with the former having smaller spores and greenish-bluish tinges in young specimens.

## Ecology

This species grows in symbiosis with various trees in mixed forests. It is commonly collected in Turkey and represents 83 of the 491 Morchella collections made in the country as of the study.
# Lontra, Minas Gerais

Lontra is a municipality in the north of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020, the population was 9,714 in a total area of 257 km². It became a municipality in 1993.

## Geography

Lontra is located at an elevation of 781 meters, 35 km. south of the São Francisco River. It is on highway BR-135, which connects Montes Claros to Januária. It belongs to the statistical microregion of Montes Claros. Neighboring municipalities are Japonvar, São João da Ponte, Ibiracatu, and Januária.

## Economy

The most important economic activities are cattle raising, commerce, and subsistence agriculture. The gross domestic product in 2005 was R$ 18,047,000. Lontra is in the bottom tier of municipalities in the state with regard to economic and social development. It suffers from isolation, poor soils, and periodic drought. As of 2007, there were no banking agencies in the town. There was a small retail commerce serving the surrounding area of cattle and agricultural lands. In the rural area there were 304 establishments employing about 1,300 workers. Only five of the farms had tractors. There were 115 automobiles in all of the municipality. There were 8,500 head of cattle in 2006. The crops with a planted area of more than 50 hectares were beans, sugarcane and corn.

## Health and education

In the health sector there were four clinics and no hospitals. In the educational sector there were eight primary schools and one middle school.
* Municipal Human Development Index: 0.643 (2000)
* State ranking: 764 out of 853 municipalities as of 2000
* National ranking: 3,871 out of 5,138 municipalities as of 2000
* Literacy rate: 67%
* Life expectancy: 67 (average of males and females)
* Urbanization rate: 64.841 (2000)
* Percentage of urban houses served by sewage system: 0.50
* Infant mortality rate: 26.55
The highest ranking municipality in Minas Gerais in 2000 was Poços de Caldas with 0.841, while the lowest was Setubinha with 0.568. Nationally the highest was São Caetano do Sul in São Paulo with 0.919, while the lowest was Setubinha.
# 1910 Harris County Courthouse

The Harris County Courthouse of 1910 is one of the courthouse buildings operated by the Harris County, Texas government, in Downtown Houston. It is in the Classical Revival architectural style and has six stories. Two courtrooms inside are two stories each. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 13, 1981.
It houses the Texas Court of Appeals districts 1 and 14.

## History

At the time of its opening the Texas district courts number 11, 55, and 61 moved into the courthouse.
In 1930 the cupola was removed. There were previously stairs made of granite that connected the second floor with the ground, but they were removed in 1950. The courthouse received a modernization in 1953 which updated the interior. In 2011 the courthouse was rededicated after an extensive renovation, which began in March 2009, and restored the interior to the original style. The renovation had a cost of about $65 million, and included adding a cupola that was created in the 1980s as well as re-adding the granite steps. The reopening was in August 2011.
# Indian Catholic Youth Movement

The Indian Catholic Youth Movement (ICYM) is India's most prominent Premier Catholic Youth Movement. It is spread over 700 districts in India. The ICYM functions through 14 Regions & 132 Dioceses. It is an organization for the Catholic youth from the Latin rite of the Christian community across India.
The patron saint of Indian Catholic Youth Movement is St. Gonzalo Garcia.
Bishop Henry Dsouza, Bishop of Bellary is the Chairman of ICYM.
# Devar Hippargi Assembly constituency

Devar Hippargi Assembly constituency is one of 224 assembly constituencies in Karnataka, in India. It is part of Bijapur Lok Sabha constituency.
Bhimanagouda Patil is the current MLA from Devar Hippargi.

## Members of Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| Until 2008: Constituency did not exist. See Huvina Hippargi' ||||
| 2008 | A. S. Patil (Nadahalli) | Indian National Congress |
| 2013 | A. S. Patil (Nadahalli) | Indian National Congress |
| 2018 | Somanagouda Patil (Sasanur) | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2023 | Bhimanagouda Patil | Janata Dal (Secular) |

## Election results
### 2023

2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election: Devar Hippargi :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | JD(S) | Bhimanagouda Patil | 65,952 | 43.39 | +11.11 |
| | BJP | Somanagouda Patil (Sasanur) | 45,777 | 30.12 | −4.57 |
| | INC | Sharanappa Sunagar | 33,673 | 22.16 | −5.09 |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | 695 | 0.46 | −0.36 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 20,175 | 13.27 | +10.86 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 151,983 | 69.33 | +2.68 |
| | JD(S) gain from BJP | JD(S) gain from BJP | Swing | | |

### 2018

2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election: Devar Hippargi :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Somanagouda Patil (Sasanur) | 48,245 | 34.69 |
| | JD(S) | Bhimanagouda Patil | 44,892 | 32.28 |
| | INC | B S Patil (Yalagi) | 38,038 | 27.35 |
| | AAP | Asif Herkal | 3,111 | 2.24 |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | 1,139 | 0.82 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 3,353 | 2.41 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,39,079 | 66.65 |
| | BJP gain from INC | BJP gain from INC | Swing | |
# Strumaria truncata

Strumaria truncata (English common name: Namaqualand snowflake) is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae, native to the Cape Provinces of South Africa. It is widely distributed in the northwest of the Cape Provinces, and the most common of the Strumaria species found there. It forms small clumps of bulbs which produce twisted leaves. Its flowers, which are sometimes pendulous, vary in colour from white to deep pink. The pink forms were once treated as a separate species, Strumaria rubella, and have also been called var. rubella. The species was first described by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin in 1792.

## Gallery

* Wild specimen of white-flowered variety with nodding inflorescence, Knersvlakte Nature Reserve
* Lower portion of plants, showing two bicoloured, inflated, collar-like basal sheaths
* Illustration from von Jacquin's Icones plantarum rariorum (Vol. 2, Plate 357, 1792)
# Donald Cooksey

Donald Cooksey (May 15, 1892 – August 19, 1977), was an American physicist who was associate director of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory of the University of California at Berkeley.

## Biography

Cooksey was the son of George Cooksey from Birmingham, England and Linda Dows from New York. After completely high school at the Thacher School in California, Donald followed his brother Charlton Cooksey, a physics professor at Yale University. At Yale, he became a physicist specializing in designing and building scientific instruments, especially detectors for measuring sub-atomic particles such as neutrons.
When Ernest O. Lawrence was at Yale during the 1920s, Cooksey and Lawrence became friends. In 1932, Lawrence moved to Berkeley, California to set up the Radiation Laboratory. Lawrence asked Cooksey to come to Berkeley to make detectors for use with Lawrence's cyclotrons. Cooksey continued to be a close associate of Lawrence and became associate director of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory of the University of California at Berkeley.
Donald Cooksey and his wife Milicent Sperry had a son, Donald Dows Cooksey (b. 1944), and a daughter, Helen Sperry Cooksey (b. 1947), who became a surgeon.
# Sigcawu kaSarili

Sigcawu ka-Sarhili (1892-1902) was the King of the Xhosa nation from 1892 until his death in 1902. His father was Sarili ka Hintsa and mother Queen Nobuthe.
Sigcawu had three sons Siphendu Gwebecimele, Salukaphathwa Gwebi'nkumbi Sigcawu and Daliza Sigcawu.
# Phil Carey (rugby league)

Phil Carey (born 28 August 1960) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played for the Canberra Raiders, Manly-Warringah and Featherstone Rovers.

## Background

Carey played his junior rugby league for Macquarie United before signing with Manly-Warringah.

## Playing career

Carey made his first grade debut for Manly in Round 10 1982 against Balmain at Brookvale Oval. Carey made a total of 13 appearances for Manly in 1982 as the club reached the grand final against Parramatta. Carey played on the wing in the final as Manly were defeated 21-8.
In 1983, injuries meant that Carey missed most of the season and was not selected to play in the 1983 grand final against Parramatta which Manly lost 18-6. At the end of 1984, Carey departed Manly and joined Canberra. Carey went on to establish himself as a regular starter in the side and by 1987 the club had reached its first grand final against Manly. Carey had played in the semi-final victory over South Sydney but was not selected to play in the final which Canberra lost.
In 1989, Carey made 13 appearances but was not selected to play in Canberra's maiden premiership victory against Balmain. Between 1988 and 1989, Carey had a stint in England with Featherstone Rovers. In 1990, Canberra reached their second consecutive grand final against the Penrith Panthers. Carey played from the bench as Canberra won the premiership 18-14 at the Sydney Football Stadium.
Carey played the following season in 1991 but was not selected to play in Canberra's 1991 grand final loss against Penrith. He retired from rugby league following the conclusion of that season.
# Toyota FT-HS

The Toyota FT-HS is a hybrid sports car concept introduced at the 2007 North American International Auto Show. Calty Design Research designed the concept. FT-HS stands for Future Toyota Hybrid Sport.
The goal of the rear wheel drive hybrid powertrain is to produce 400 hp (298 kW) and achieve 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in around 4 seconds. This is accomplished by combining a 3.5 L V6 and an electric motor in a manner similar to the Lexus GS450h. Unlike the GS (and virtually all other current hybrids), a production version of the FT-HS would make use of a capacitor system designed specifically for quick charging and increased performance. Since the debut of this concept, Toyota has exhibited such technology in the Supra HV-R race car.
The 2+2 vehicle features a unique retractable roof similar to a targa top. The rear seats would be folded down when the roof is retracted, however.
In spite of the FT-HS being only a concept vehicle, Toyota's desired starting price for such a vehicle is stated to be in the mid $30,000 range.
An August 2008 article from Automotive News indicated that a production version was no longer being considered. However, a January 2009 article from Edmunds Inside Line states that "the V6 Supra replacement is still in the pipeline and is set for an early 2011 debut". The FT-HS concept was eventually succeeded in 2014 by the Toyota FT-1 concept, which inspired the fifth generation Toyota Supra that went into production in 2019. Many of the FT-HS concept's styling cues were also used in the Toyota 86 series developed jointly by Toyota and Subaru.
# Randall Goff

Randall Goff (born 15 March 1953) is a former water polo player from Australia, who competed for his native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1976. He finished in 11th and 7th position with the Australian National Men's Team.
# List of cult films: X

This is a list of cult films organized alphabetically by name. See List of cult films for main list.

## List of cult films

* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
| Film | Year | Director | Source |
| X: The Man with the X-ray Eyes | 1963 | Roger Corman | |
| Xanadu | 1980 | Robert Greenwald | |
# Zamia melanorrhachis

Zamia melanorrhachis is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It has been found in Amazonas, Córdoba, Meta, and Santander departments in Colombia. It grows in forests between sea level and 300 metres (980 ft) altitude. It is commonly known as corocito.

## Description

The stem is subterranean, 5 to 8 centimetres (2.0 to 3.1 in) in diameter. Each plant has two to five upright oblong compound-leaves 50 centimetres (20 in) long, on a dark purple to black petiole (stalk) up to 25 centimetres (9.8 in) long. The stalk is covered with very small prickles, extending into the lower half of the dark brown to dark purple rachis (leaf axis). The four to ten pairs of leaflets on a leaf are lanceolate, pointed on the ends, and toothed on the edges of the outer two-thirds of each leaflet. Leaflets are 12 to 15 centimetres (4.7 to 5.9 in) long and 1 to 2 centimetres (0.39 to 0.79 in) wide in the middle of the leaf.
Like all Zamias, Z. melanorrachis is dioecious, with each plant being either male or female. Male strobili (cones) are ovoid, 1 to 3 centimetres (0.39 to 1.18 in) long and 0.5 to 1 centimetre (0.20 to 0.39 in) in diameter, cream to tan in color, and stand on 30 to 50 centimetres (12 to 20 in) long peduncles (stalks). Female cones are cylindrical to ovoid-cylindrical, 5 to 8 centimetres (2.0 to 3.1 in) long and 3 to 4 centimetres (1.2 to 1.6 in) in diameter, and wine-red to dark red-brown in colored. Seeds are 1 to 1.5 centimetres (0.39 to 0.59 in) long and 0.5 to 0.8 centimetres (0.20 to 0.31 in) in diameter.
The specific name melanorrhachis refers to the color of the leaf axis (rachis).
Zamia melanorrhachis is a member of the Manicata clade, a strongly monophylitic group of several species found in northern Colombia.
# Rene Colusso

Renato "Rene" Colusso (born 19 August 1956 in Sydney, Australia) is an Australian former association football player.

## Playing career
### Club career

Colusso played his early football for Marconi Stallions in the New South Wales State League.
In 1975, he moved to Italy where he initially played youth team football for Torino.
He then went on to play for Ivrea, becoming the first Australian to play professional football in Italy.
He moved to Pisa for the 1976/1977 season.
In 1977, he transferred to Arezzo where he played several seasons.
He later played for Alessandria, Akragas Calcio and Castelfiorentino.

### International career

In 1975, he made his only full international appearance for Australia in a match against China.

## Management career

Colusso had stints as an assistant manager at Reggina and Avellino.