OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# San Tossano, Sefro

43°8′57.239″N 12°58′19.099″E﻿ / ﻿43.14923306°N 12.97197194°E﻿ / 43.14923306; 12.97197194San Tossano is a Roman Catholic church located just outside the hamlet of Agolla in the town limits of Sefro, province of Macerata, region of Marche, Italy. Another church dedicated to this saint is located in Esanatoglia.

## History

A church of this name in the hamlet of Agolla seems to date from at least the year 1300, although the present building appears to date from the 15th century. During a pastoral visit in 1582, the Bishop of Camerino noted the church was in use. In 1802, one account states this was mainly used as a burial church. The layout is very simple: a rectangle with a gabled roof and a bell in the facade. The façade has an off-center round window. Once the walls were covered with frescoes. While most are poorly conserved, they date from the 13th to 16th centuries.
# Armin Hofmann

Armin Hofmann (HonRDI) (29 June 1920 – 18 December 2020) was a Swiss graphic designer. He was one of the most prominent individuals in Swiss design.
He began his career in 1947 as a teacher at the Allgemeine Gewerbeschule Basel School of Art and Crafts at the age of twenty-six. Hofmann followed Emil Ruder as head of the graphic design department at the Schule für Gestaltung Basel (Basel School of Design) and was instrumental in developing the graphic design style known as the Swiss Style. His teaching methods were unorthodox and broad based, setting new standards that became widely known in design education institutions throughout the world. His independent insights as an educator, married with his rich and innovative powers of visual expression, created a body of work enormously varied – books, exhibitions, stage sets, logotypes, symbols, typography, posters, sign systems, and environmental graphics. His work is recognized for its reliance on the fundamental elements of graphic form – point, line, and shape – while subtly conveying simplicity, complexity, representation, and abstraction. Originating in Russia, Germany and The Netherlands in the 1920s, stimulated by the artistic avant-garde and alongside the International Style in architecture. He is well known for his posters, which emphasized economical use of colour and fonts, in reaction to what Hofmann regarded as the "trivialization of colour." His posters have been widely exhibited as works of art in major galleries, such as the New York Museum of Modern Art.
He was also an influential educator, retiring in 1987. In 1965 he wrote the Graphic Design Manual, a popular textbook in the field.
Hofmann died in December 2020 at the age of 100 in Lucerne, where he lived with his wife Dorothea Hofmann-Schmid.
# All India Democratic Students Organisation

All India Democratic Students' Organisation (AIDSO) is a student organisation in India. It was founded on 28 December 1954. AIDSO demands scientific, secular and democratic education for all. Its motto is struggle, unity, progress.

## Basic outlook

The AIDSO aims to fight against injustice, oppression and exploitation and promote social transformation.

## Aims and objectives

The primary objective of the AIDSO is to organise student movements against the anti-education policies of the central and state governments as well as other authorities concerned, and for the "establishment of a scientific, secular, democratic education system".

## Movements and protests

The AIDSO was formed on 28 December 1954. In the late 50s, a large student movement formed in West Bengal against a seat restriction scheme. The AIDSO played a crucial role In this movement. In 1974, AIDSO held the Cuttack Conference where the organisation emerged in a new form with an All India character, with representation from 8 states.
The AIDSO played a role during the Emergency of 1975–76. Several members were involved in protesting against bus and tram fare increases in West Bengal in the 1980s. Manik Burman, a school student and AIDSO worker, and Rabi Ghosh, a leading AIDSO organiser, sustained severe bullet injuries. In Purulia Habul Rajak an AIDSO worker, and Sovaram Modak, died after being shot by police. AIDSO opposed NPE 86 and organised national protests.
In Kerala, the AIDSO was part of a protracted movement against the DPEP or SSA.
Recently the AIDSO has organised a national movement against the government policies of commercialisation of education, bringing education under the purview of GATS, the introduction of sex education at school level and the policy of SEZ (Special Economic Zones).
AIDSO supported VTU students movement to abolish year back and critical year back system for students studying in old scheme and also providing supplementary for students of CBCS scheme. Statewide VTU colleges voluntary bundh received exceptionally well response from students and more than 160 engineering colleges were completely shut down. Students had a massive protest near Mysore bank circle, Bangalore.
AIDSO organised country level protest against Semester System & choice based credit system (CBCS).
During the 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement, AIDSO organized a protest in Kolkata to support Bangladeshi students.

## Leadership

* President Com. Sourav Ghosh
* General Secretary Com.Shibasish Praharaj
# James Haskell Hope

James Haskell Hope (September 22, 1874 – January 18, 1952) was the longest-serving Superintendent of Education in the state of South Carolina, from 1922 until 1945.
Friends called him "Bud." In 1925, Hope and his siblings J.J. Hope and Mary Hope Hipp paid for and donated 2 acres (8,100 m$^2$) of land to the Rosenwald Fund. This became the Hope Rosenwald School. James Hope is known for his defending of the rights of African Americans before and during his term in office.

## Hope Station

James Haskell Hope was born in Hope Station, the tract of land that Hope's German ancestor had built and maintained. It was called Hope Station because of the local train station called by the same name. Hope Station began as a stopping point on the old Greenville and Columbia Railroad, built around 1850. The line also included stops in Peak, Pomaria, Prosperity, Newberry and Silverstreet.

## Colleges and clubs

* Class of 1896 Clemson Agricultural College
* Master's degree at Newberry College
* Free Masons
* Wardlaw Club
* Democratic Club

## Superintendent of Education

Hope was elected to be the South Carolina Superintendent of Education in 1922. During Hope's reign, African-Americans were awarded high school diplomas for the very first time. Also, a teacher retirement plan was created, an attendance law was passed, and the 12th grade was introduced in South Carolina. James Haskell Hope was a member of the Democratic Party.
# Giovanni Porzio

Giovanni Porzio (6 October 1873 – 22 September 1962) was an Italian politician and lawyer. He served as Deputy Prime Minister of Italy from 1948 to 1950.

## Biography

He graduated at the Vittorio Emanuele II High School in Naples and graduated in law at the University of Naples Federico II, then began his forensic activity by collaborating with the lawyer and scholar Alfonso Ridola, with Alberto Geremicca (who would later was mayor of Naples).
Subsequently, he exercised autonomously and as a brilliant criminal lawyer at the Court of Naples and in Campania, acquiring a reputation that he maintained once he entered the Chamber, in March 1912, remaining among the counters of deputies until 1929.
Liberal, he became an Undersecretary for Justice in the Nitti government (from March to May 1920), then undersecretary in the second Nitti government (May–June 1920), joining the Undersecretariat to the presidency of the council in the last government of Giovanni Giolitti (from June 1920 to July 1921). To his electors he affirmed the necessity of defending the prestige of the state, safeguarding the order by repressing every attempt at violence, be it red or in opposition to it.
For the policies of 1924 he accepted to enter the list, but, disappointed by fascism, he withdrew from politics in 1929.
His political career resumed after liberation, first as a consultor and then as a constituent.
In 1948 he was appointed senator of law ex-III disp. trans. of the Italian Constitution, by virtue of the six previous legislatures.
He was also president of the Naples Bar Association.
# Thuggee and Dacoity Department

The Thuggee and Dacoity Department, also called Thagi and Dakaiti Department, was an organ of the East India Company, and inherited by British India, which was established in 1830 with the mission of addressing dacoity (banditry), highway robbery, and particularly the Thuggee cult of robbers.
Among the department's more recognised members was Colonel William Sleeman, who headed the outfit from 1835 to 1839 and is known as the man who eliminated the Thuggee. In 1874, Sir Edward Bradford, 1st Baronet was made General Superintendent of the Thuggee and Dacoit Department.
According to Percy William Powlett in the Gazetteer of Ulwur magazine, the Meena tribe was known as infamous marauders which put under heavy surveillance by the Thuggee and Dacoity Department's agent in Alwar city.
The department existed until 1904, when it was replaced by the Central Criminal Intelligence Department.
# KNOX-TV

KNOX-TV, channel 10, was a VHF television station in Grand Forks, North Dakota, owned by Community Radio Corporation. The station operated from December 11, 1955, to February 1964.

## History

KNOX broadcast on channel 10 as an ABC affiliate. The station later signed on Winnipeg-targeted border blaster KCND-TV, which was a semi-satellite of KNOX, on November 7, 1960. While KNOX was a primary ABC affiliate, the station also carried programming from NBC.
In 1962, KNOX and KCND, along with KEND-TV (now KVLY-TV) in Fargo, North Dakota, were purchased for $675,200 by the Pembina Broadcasting Company, a group led by Ferris Traylor, the part-owner of an Indiana TV station. KNOX merged with KEND, and KNOX shut down in 1964 after KEND (known as KTHI-TV at this time) began transmitting from a tower in Blanchard, between Fargo and Grand Forks. After KNOX-TV's shutdown, the Grand Forks area did not have a local television station until NBC affiliate WDAZ-TV signed on in 1967.
Channel 10 is now used by Fox affiliate KBRR serving Grand Forks (a satellite of KVRR), which signed on in 1985 licensed to Thief River Falls, Minnesota.
# Gosaunik Ghar

Gosaunik Ghar (Maithili: गोसाउनिक घर) is special worship room of the Kuldevata or Kuldevi also called as Gosaun or Gosauni in the houses of Maithil people in the Mithila region of the Indian subcontinent. In the Mithila region Gosaun Devata or Gosauni Devi is worshipped in the houses of every Maithil people. In some auspicious day Maithil women sing some Maithili folk songs dedicated to these deities in their praise at the Gosaunik Ghar.

## Description

In the Mithila region, there is a tradition of Gosaunik Puja in every houses of the people of the Maithil communities. In their homes courtyards, they have special room for conducting the Gosaunik Puja to their Kuldevata or Kuldevi. This special holy worship room is known as Gosaunik Ghar. During the auspicious occasions like Upanayana, Mundana, marriage and Kojagra etc, the Maithil women sing local folk songs dedicated to the Gosaunik Puja called as Gosaunika Geet.
# Heinrich April

Heinrich Giovanni April (born 9 April 1980) is a South African politician who served as a Member of the National Assembly from 2019 until 2024. April is a member of the African National Congress.

## Political career

April is a member of the African National Congress. He served as the chairperson of the party's Paul Plaatjies branch, as well as the chairperson of the party's youth league in the Bavumile Vilakazi region. He was also the treasurer of the Ekurhuleni region and a member of a sub-committee.

## Parliamentary career

April was sworn in as a Member of Parliament on 22 May 2019 following the 2019 general election. He was given his committee assignments on 27 June 2019.
April did not stand for re-election to Parliament in the 2024 general election.

### Committee assignments

* Portfolio Committee on Small Business Development
* Portfolio Committee on Tourism
# Droserapollis

Droserapollis is a genus of extinct plants in the family Droseraceae. It is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.
Droserapollis pollen grains are united in tetrahedral tetrads (groups of four). Individual grains are possibly porate-like. The exine is mixed with gemmate and short baculate processes, whereas the sexine is granulate.
Poorly preserved pollen of D. gemmatus has been found in the Miocene Yutengping Sandstone of Taiwan, whereas that of D. khasiensis originates from the Paleocene Lakadong Sandstone of Laitryngew, Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India. In addition, palynomorphs from Germany have also been assigned to the genus.
Droserapollis pollen matches that of extant Drosera in morphology. The tetrads of D. gemmatus are 53–56 μm in deter. Individual grains are prolate and measure 35–40 by 25–26 μm. The exine is 1.5–2.4 μm thick, with 1–2 μm long gemmae or bacula.
# Circasia, Quindío

Circasia (Spanish pronunciation:) is a municipality in the northern part of the department of Quindío, Colombia. It is located 7 km north of the department's capital Armenia. Located within the Colombian coffee growing axis, the historic center of Circasia was made part of the "Coffee Cultural Landscape" UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011.

## History

Circasia was founded in 1884 by Javier Arias. It became a separate municipality in 1906 when was separated from Filandia. In 2023 the town had an estimated population of 29,500.
Circasia is known for its Free Cemetery (Spanish: Cementerio Libre), located on the outskirts of the township on the road to Montenegro. It was founded in 1933 by Braulio Botero as a place in which any person could be buried, regardless of their religious beliefs. The cemetery is now a symbol for liberty and equality.

## Geography

The township is situated a short distance from the highway between Armenia and Pereira, Risaralda. There is a paved road southwest to Montenegro, which passes through most of the rural area of the municipality. There is also a rural road north to Filandia, which descends to cross the Roble River at a point known as the Aguadeños Pass (Spanish: Paso de los Aguadeños). However, all public transport to Filandia uses the main highway.

### Climate

Circasia has a subtropical highland climate with an average annual temperature of 18 °C.

## Tourism

There are many nicely decorated coffee shops by the main square as many towns of Quindío. Circasia also offers destinations for fine dining.
Circasia is quietly becoming a major destination for retirees in search of a quiet chateau style place to spend their spare time. Its colder climate sounds very attractive to regional developers.

## Born in Circasia

* Natalia López Cardona, Model and beauty queen
# James Cassie

James Cassie RSA (1819 – 11 May 1879) was a Scottish marine landscape, portrait, genre and animal painter.

## Life and work

Cassie was born at Keith Hall, Inverurie in Aberdeenshire, in 1819. A childhood accident left him permanently lame. He determined on art as a career and became a pupil of James Giles RSA, a painter of highland scenery and animals. Cassie settled in Aberdeen, where the sea and fisherfolk on its shores provided inspiration for his art.
In his style, he preferred broad harmonious effects to elaborate detail, and he most excelled at marine landscapes. However, he also painted animals, portraits and domestic scenes. He worked in both oils and watercolour, and showed several pictures at the Royal Scottish Academy (RSA), the Royal Academy (RA), and other London exhibitions. In 1869, he was elected an Associate of the RSA and moved to Edinburgh, where he remained for the rest of his life. He was also a member of the Royal Scottish Society of Painters in Watercolour (RSW). In February 1879, he was elected a full member of the RSA, but his health had been failing for some time and he died on 11 May that year.
Cassie was a friend of John Phillip, who painted a portrait of him. An anecdote describes how he and Philip were on a sketching holiday together, in Aberdeenshire and the northern Highlands, when they chanced to meet fellow artist Sam Bough at a remote hostelry. Bough drew some sketches on the spot for the two friends, which Cassie described as "just beautiful".
Cassie is buried in the northern section of Dean Cemetery in Edinburgh on the north side of its central path, towards the western end.

## Selected works

* Holy Island Castle.
* Chalk Cliffs, Sussex.
* A Highland Goatherd.
* The Mouth of the Mersey.
* The Mussel Gatherers.
* Morning — East Coast of Scotland (in the Scottish National Gallery).
* Dumbarton Castle Sunset (1874).
# Calvine

Calvine is a hamlet in Perth and Kinross, Scotland.
It is sandwiched between the A9 road, to its north, and the Highland mainline railway and River Garry, both to its south, and lies just north of Struan and west of Pitagowan. The Falls of Bruar are one mile to the south-west. The former route of the A9, now the B847, runs through the settlement.
The hamlet is known for The Calvine UFO sighting which took place on the moors above the village. One evening in early August 1990, two walkers on the moors apparently encountered a mysterious diamond shaped UFO hovering in mid-air. They photographed it and took their story and the resulting negatives to the Daily Record in Glasgow however both they and the negatives then disappeared. The only surviving original photograph was discovered and published some 32 years laster in August 2022 by Dr David Clarke of Sheffield Hallam University, since when the Calvine UFO sighting has attracted much media attention with some commentators claiming it to be one of the best UFO photographs ever.
# Elnes, Pas-de-Calais

Elnes (French pronunciation:; West Flemish: Elne) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

## Geography

A farming village situated 9 miles (14 km) southwest of Saint-Omer, at the D225 and D132 crossroads.

## Places of interest

* The church of St.Martin, dating from the sixteenth century.

## Economy

Elnes is primarily supported by small-scale enterprises, largely made up of the agricultural and service sectors. As of 2015, the commune hosted around 30 businesses.

## Transport

The Chemin de fer d'Anvin à Calais opened a railway station at Elnes in 1881. The railway was closed in 1955.
# Stray Dogs (1989 film)

Stray Dogs (Russian: Псы) is a 1989 Soviet thriller directed by Dmitry Svetozarov [ru].

## Plot

The film tells about hunters who go to an abandoned city to kill wolves, whose victims are residents of this city, and instead of wolves they find cannibal dogs there.

## Cast

* Sergey Kokovkin
* Andrey Krasko
* Aleksey Krychenkov
* Yuri Kuznetsov
* Mikhail Zhigalov
# Success (1984 film)

Success (Russian: Успех) is a 1984 Soviet drama film directed by Konstantin Khudyakov.

## Plot

The film tells about a cruel director who goes to a peripheral theater to stage The Seagull. He is obsessed and very passionate and gains success. But the price of this success is too expensive.

## Cast

* Leonid Filatov as Gennadi Fetisov
* Alisa Freindlich as Zinaida Nikolayevna Arsenyeva
* Aleksandr Zbruyev as Oleg Zuyev
* Lev Durov as Pavlik Platonov
* Larisa Udovichenko as Alla Saburova
* Anatoliy Romashin as Nikolai Knyazev
* Lyudmila Saveleva as Inna (as L. Saveleva)
* Alla Meshcheryakova as Nyusya (as A. Meshcheryakova)
* Marina Politseymako as Galya (as M. Politseymako)
* Vatslav Dvorzhetsky as Vinokurov (as V. Dvorzhetsky)
# Chinese people in the United Arab Emirates

There are approximately 400,000 Chinese people in the United Arab Emirates as of 2023, according to the Chinese ambassador. Many Chinese expatriates hail from the Wenzhou region; they are mostly businessmen and merchants who run hundreds of commodity shops through the Emirates. Chinese culture in the Emirates has a sizeable presence; there are many Chinese restaurants in Dubai.

## Dragon Mart

The Chinese-themed Dragon Mart is a set of two adjacent shopping malls in the China Cluster of Dubai International City, a suburb of Dubai. It is 1.2 kilometre long and is the "largest Chinese retail trading hub outside mainland China". It includes the largest concentration of Chinese businesses in the UAE.
# Northern Lights (train)

The Northern Lights
route map :
Legend :
The Northern Lights is a named British passenger train operated by London North Eastern Railway. It runs daily in each direction between London King's Cross and Aberdeen via the East Coast Main Line and Edinburgh to Aberdeen Line. The northbound service departs London King's Cross at 10:00 am, and the southbound service departs Aberdeen at 09:52 am. The route is one of the longest in Britain at 523 miles (842 km) and the train takes just over seven hours to cover the journey. London North Eastern Railway operates another two services in each direction between London and Aberdeen as well as one each day to and from Leeds.

## Operation

Presently both of the services are operated by a Class 800 Azuma. This is a bi-modal train due to the line being diesel only beyond Haymarket, with the train being on electric power to and from the latter.
Current :
| Family | Class | Image | Type | Top speed | Top speed |
| Family | Class | Image | Type | mph | km/h |
| Hitachi AT300 | Class 800 Azuma | | Bi-mode multiple unit | 125 | 200 |
Until December 2019, the Northern Lights service was operated by an InterCity 125 HST for a number of years until the whole fleet of HSTs were replaced by the Azuma fleet.
Past :
| Trainset | Class | Image | Type | Top speed | Top speed |
| Trainset | Class | Image | Type | mph | km/h |
| InterCity 125 | Class 43 | | Locomotive | 125 | 200 |
| InterCity 125 | Mark 3 | | Passenger coach | 125 | 200 |
# Anzor Sitchinava

Anzor Sitchinava (born 8 September 1995) is a Georgian rugby union player. He plays on the wing, for Academy Tbilisi in the Didi 10 and the Georgia national team.
Sitchinava received a yellow card for tackling a player in the air in his first international match against Japan in 2016. He was selected as part of the 36-man Georgian squad to prepare for the 2018 Rugby Europe Championship.
# List of airlines of Zimbabwe

This is a list of airlines currently operating in Zimbabwe.
| Airline | IATA | ICAO | Callsign | Commenced operations | Notes |
| Air Zimbabwe | UM | AZW | Air Zimbabwe | 1961 | |
| Central Air Transport Services (CATS) | ZO | | | 2008 | Air charter company |
| DHL Aviation (Zimbabwe) | | | | | Cargo carrier |
| Executive Air | | AXE | | 1972 | Air charter company |
| Fastjet Zimbabwe | FN | FJW | ZIMBIRD | 2015 | |
# Giardino di Costanza Resort

The Giardino di Costanza Resort is a hotel in Italy which formerly belonged to the International Kempinski Hotels chain.
The Resort stands among rows of vineyards and olive groves in the western side of Sicily, near Mazara del Vallo, in the province of Trapani.
The Resort is entitled to Constance of Sicily, the last Hauteville.
# Ratnadvipia karui

Ratnadvipia karui is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ariophantidae. It is endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

## Etymology

The specific name karui was for the honor for G.P.B. Karunaratne (1931–1996), who was a renowned Sri Lankan naturalist.

## Description

Shell is glossy and polished, partly membranaceous, and oval elongately. Mantle found as a broad band around shell and covers all or nearly all of the shell. Shell golden yellow to deep golden-brown in color. Juveniles highly variable in color ranges from dark steel grey, pale bluish or yellowish grey, or greyish white.

## Ecology

It can be found in dry zone and lower wet zonal forests and home gardens. When disturbed or touches, it produces a clear, brilliant orange-red mucus.
# Ravana politissima

Ravana politissima is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Ariophantidae. It is a monotypic genus, which is endemic to island of Sri Lanka. They are considered as endangered due to habitat destruction.
The generic name is due to early Sri Lanka king Ravan.