OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Principality of Regensburg

The Principality of Regensburg (German: Fürstentum Regensburg) was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire that was created in 1803. Its capital was Regensburg. Following the dissolution of the Empire in 1806, the principality became a member state of the Confederation of the Rhine until 1810.

## History

The principality was initially created as an ecclesiastical electorate for Archbishop Karl Theodor von Dalberg, the Elector-Archchancellor of the Empire and the former Archbishop of Mainz, due to the annexation of Mainz itself by the French following the Treaty of Lunéville. Most of the new principality consisted of the territory of the former Prince-Bishopric of Regensburg. The principality also included the Lordships of Donaustauf, Wörth, and Hohenburg, the former free imperial city of Regensburg, St. Emmeram's Abbey, and the abbeys Obermünster and Niedermünster located within the city of Regensburg. Dalberg also acquired the newly created Principality of Aschaffenburg along the Main river.
Dalberg received the electoral dignity previously accorded to the Electorate of Mainz; his new principality has thus been known in German as Kurfürstentum Regensburg ("Electorate of Regensburg"). Because the archiepiscopal status of Mainz had also been transferred to the Regensburg diocese, the principality has also been known in English as the Archbishopric of Regensburg.
Because of Bavarian claims on Regensburg, Dalberg was not installed as archbishop until 1 February 1805. The principality lost its status as an electorate in 1806 with the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire and became part of the Confederation of the Rhine later that year. The Napoleonic Code was introduced in 1809.
During the War of the Fifth Coalition, Austrian troops occupied Regensburg on 20 April 1809; it was shelled and stormed by French troops three days later. In the Treaty of Paris, Dalberg conceded Regensburg to the Kingdom of Bavaria, which formally incorporated the city on 22 May 1810. In return for conceding Regensburg, Dalberg was granted Hanau and Fulda, which he combined with the Principality of Aschaffenburg to create the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt. Although he had lost the Principality of Regensburg, Dalberg retained the title of Archbishop of Regensburg until his death in 1817, after which time the archbishopric was downgraded to a suffragan diocese of Munich and Freising.

## Sources

* Köbler, Gerhard (1988). Historisches Lexikon der deutschen Länder (in German). Munich: Verlag C. H. Beck. p. 639. ISBN 3-406-33290-0.
* Holy Roman Empire portal
vte Electors of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356 to 1806 :
Spiritual Mainz (until 1803) Trier (until 1803) Cologne (until 1803)
Secular Bohemia Palatinate (until 1777) Saxony Brandenburg
Added in the 17th century Bavaria (1623) Hanover (1692)
Added in the 19th century Regensburg (1803–1806) Salzburg (1803–1805) Würzburg (1805–1806) Württemberg (1803–1806) Baden (1803–1806) Hesse (1803–1806) :
49°1′N 12°5′E﻿ / ﻿49.017°N 12.083°E﻿ / 49.017; 12.083
# General Political Bureau of the Korean People's Army

The General Political Bureau (GPB) is a department of the Ministry of Defence, used by the leadership of the North Korean government to exert political control over the Korean People's Army (KPA). The GPB operates under the direction of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea. The GPB controls units of the KPA on all levels down to company level. It primarily exerts control through propaganda, education, and cultural activities. Under directions of the State Affairs Commission of North Korea, it also controls troop movements.
As of January 2023, the Director of the General Political Bureau is Jong Kyong-thaek, who succeeded Kwon Yong-jin.

## History

During Kim Jong Il's Songun (military first) era in particular, the GPB remained relatively independent and unchanged for decades. In the 3rd WPK Representatives Conference held in 2010, GPB was granted equal status to the Central Committee of the WPK. During this time, it has been called as the internal politburo of the KPA.
However, the influence of the GPB has decreased under Kim Jong Un's rule; after the 7th Congress of the WPK held in, the party had regained enough power to exert influence over the GPB. Consequentially, in 2017 the party Central Committee was ordered to carry out an inspection of the GPB, the first of its kind in 20 years. The inspection was carried out by Choe Ryong-hae. The GPB director Hwang Pyong-so was punished, and removed from his position as Standing Commissioner. The 8th WPK Congress held in 2021 also oversaw the demotion of the GPB, no longer being equal to the Central Committee. Some of GPB's functions were also transferred to the newly established Military-Political Leadership Department of the WPK CC.

## In popular culture

* The General Political Bureau (GPB) is featured in the South Korean drama Crash Landing on You, where the main character Ri Jeong-hyeok has power and authority in Korean People's Army due to his father being the Director of the GPB.
# Clostridium huakuii

Clostridium huakuii is a Gram-positive, acetogenic, obligately anaerobic and spore-forming bacterium from the genus Clostridium.
# Netkachevo

Netkachevo (Russian: Неткачево) is a rural locality (a selo) in Mokroolkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Kotovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 83 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Netkachevo is located in steppe, on Volga Upland, 41 km northeast of Kotovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kryachki is the nearest rural locality.
# Cold Water (TV series)

Cold Water is an upcoming British television series for ITV starring Andrew Lincoln, Ewen Bremner, Indira Varma and Eve Myles.

## Premise

An unhappy middle-aged man who has moved to an isolated Scottish village strikes up a friendship with his oddball next door neighbour despite his wife's protestations and suspicions.

## Cast

* Andrew Lincoln as John
* Eve Myles as Rebecca
* Ewen Bremner as Tommy
* Indira Varma as Fiona

## Production

The six-part series is written by David Ireland, and produced by Sister for ITV. The series is executive produced by Chris Fry, Alice Tyler, Lydia Hampson and Jane Featherstone. The series is produced by Ireland, Brian Coffey and Andrew Lincoln, who also stars. The lead cast also includes Eve Myles, Ewen Bremner and Indira Varma.
Filming began in the UK in July 2024. Filming locations include Dennistoun in Scotland. It was also filmed in the semi rural town of Strathaven and the village of Dunlop.
# Flavisolibacter rigui

Flavisolibacter rigui is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Flavisolibacter which has been isolated from freshwater from the Juam Reservoir in Korea.
# Marinobacterium mangrovicola

Marinobacterium mangrovicola is a nitrogen-fixing, Gram-negative and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacterium which has been isolated from the roots of the mangrove Rhizophora mangle from an aquarium in Germany.
# Legionella thermalis

Legionella thermalis is a bacterium from the genus Legionella which has been isolated from water from a hot spring in Tokyo on Japan.
# Arenibacter antarcticus

Arenibacter antarcticus is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Arenibacter which has been isolated from sediments the Ross Sea.
# Doris Barnett

Doris Barnett (born 22 May 1953) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who served as a member of the German Bundestag from 1994 to 2021, representing Ludwigshafen/Frankenthal.

## Political career

Barnett first became a member of the German Bundestag in the 1994 federal elections, representing the Ludwigshafen/Frankenthal electoral district. In the 1994 and 1998 elections, her opponent of the CDU was incumbent Chancellor Helmut Kohl. For her election campaign in 1998, she recruited Marc S. Ellenbogen as her advisor.
Barnett was part of the SPD parliamentary group’s leadership from 1998. Within the group, she served as a member of the working group on the world economy between 2003 and 2013.
Barnett was a member of the Committee on Labour and Social Affairs between 1994 and 2005. From 2002 to 2005, she also served on the parliament’s Council of Elders, which – among other duties – determines daily legislative agenda items and assigns committee chairpersons based on party representation.
A long-time member of the Budget Committee and its Sub-Committee on European Affairs, Barnett served as her parliamentary group's rapporteur on the budget of the Federal Foreign Office, including Germany’s humanitarian aid. In this capacity, she also belonged to the SPD working group on the national budget. From 2018, she chaired the Sub-Committee on European Affairs. In 2019, she also joined the Committee on Economic Affairs and Development.
In addition to her committee assignments, Barnett served as deputy chairwoman of the German-Russian Parliamentary Friendship Group from 2018 to 2021.
Barnett was part of the German delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe from 2006 to 2021, where she served on the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy. In addition, she was the chairwoman of the German delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) from 2009. In that capacity, she chaired the Assembly’s observer mission during the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election.

## Other activities
### Corporate boards

* RSBK Strategie Beratung Kommunikation AG, Member of the Advisory Board
* Saint-Gobain ISOVER G+H AG, Member of the Supervisory Board

### Non-profits

* Mannheim University of Applied Management Studies (HdWM), Member of the Board of Trustees
* German Friends of the Weizmann Institute of Science, Member
* Global Panel Foundation, Member of the Board of Directors
* Institute for European Politics (IEP), Member of the Board of Trustees
* Deutsche Arbeitsgerichtsverband (DArbGV), Member
* German United Services Trade Union (ver.di), Member
* IG Bergbau, Chemie, Energie (IG BCE), Member

## Recognition

* 2016 – Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
# Five Little Ducks

"Five Little Ducks" is a traditional children's song. The rhyme also has an associated finger play. Canadian children's folk singer Raffi released it as a single from the Rise and Shine (1982) album. Denise Fleming's 2016 picture book 5 Little Ducks tells a reimagined version of the song.

## Lyrics and music

Like all folk songs, the exact wording varies. A common variant is:
Five little ducks went out one day, Over the hills and far away. Mummy duck said, "quack quack quack quack," But only four little ducks came back.
Four little ducks went out one day, Over the hills and far away. Mummy duck said, "quack quack quack quack," But only three little ducks came back.
Three little ducks went out one day, Over the hills and far away. Mummy duck said, "quack quack quack quack," But only two little ducks came back.
Two little ducks went out one day, Over the hills and far away. Mummy duck said, "quack quack quack quack," But only one little duck came back.
One little duck went out one day, Over the hills and far away. Mummy duck said, "quack quack quack quack," And all of the five little ducks came back.
Hold up five fingers Wave hand as if going up and down a hill Make opening and closing motion with hand, as if a beak Hold up four fingers
Repeat actions, using the corresponding number of fingers as the numbers count down.

## Translations

* German: "Fünf kleine Enten"
* French: "Cinq petits canards"
* Italian: "Cinque paperelle"
* Portuguese: "Cinco patinhos"
* Spanish: "Cinco patitos"
# Jacqueline Siu

Jacqueline Wing Ying Siu MH (born 8 December 1982 in Hong Kong) is a dressage rider from Hong Kong. She became the first equestrian athlete from Hong Kong who won a gold medal during the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta.

## Biography

Jacqueline Siu was born in Hong Kong, where she started riding at the age of five at the Beas River Hong Kong Jockey Club. At the age of 10, she moved to the United Kingdom with her family. In England, she continued her riding career at pony, junior and young rider level where she internationally competes for Great Britain, including European youth championships. In 2005 she decided to compete under the Hong Kong flag. Jackie began competing on senior level and moved to The Netherlands to train with triple Olympic champion Anky van Grunsven.
Jackie competed at five Asian Games in Doha 2006, Guangzhou 2010, Incheon 2014, 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta, Indonesia and Hangzhou 2022. In 2018 she also competed at the World Equestrian Games in Tryon.
She is currently running her own stable Pebbly Hill Stud in Cotswold, England.

## Horses

* Ferrera - 2003 Bay Oldenburger mare (Sandro Hit x Donnerhall)
* Jockey Club Furst on Tour - 2005 Darkbay Rheinlander gelding (Furst Henrich x Rubioso)
* Jockey Club Connery - 2001 Bay Danish Warmblood stallion (Come Back II x Port Royal)

## Awards

Jacqueline Siu is awarded a Medal of Honour at the 2019 Hong Kong Awards Ceremony.
# Kaayla Chones

Kaayla Chones (born January 11, 1981) is an American former professional basketball center who played for the Washington Mystics and Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). She played college basketball at NC State.

## Early life

Kaayla Chones was born on January 11, 1981, in Pepper Pike, Ohio. She is the daughter of former NBA player Jim Chones. She played at Trinity High School her freshman year and won the 1996 state title.
She then played three years of basketball at North High School in Eastlake, Ohio, Chones was the Ohio co-Ms. Basketball for both her junior and senior years. She was also a three-time USA Today All-American, and set school records in scoring, rebounding and blocked shots for both boys and girls. She helped the team earn a 21–4 record and advance to the regional “sweet 16” her senior season. Chones scored over 2,000 points and recorded over 1,600 rebounds during her high school career.

## College career

Chones played college basketball for the NC State Wolfpack from 1999–00 to 2003–04. She started 29 games her freshman year, averaging 11.4 points per game and 7.9 rebounds per game while also earning Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) All-Freshman and honorable mention All-ACC honors. She was medically redshirted during the 2000–01 season. Chones played in 29 games in 2001–02, averaging 12.3 points, 7.0 rebounds, and 1.0 block per game while being named second-team All-ACC. Chones appeared in 28 games during the 2002–03 season, averaging 13.8 points, 7.8 rebounds, and 1.2 blocks while garnering second-team all-ACC recognition for the second consecutive season. She played in 31 games during her senior year in 2003–04, averaging 14.7 points and 7.8 rebounds while also earning first-team All-ACC honors. She also garnered Kodak/WBCA All-America recognition as a senior.

## Professional career

Chones was selected by the Washington Mystics in the second round, with the 15th overall pick, of the 2004 WNBA draft. She played in 13 games, starting one, for the Mystics during her rookie year in 2004, averaging 2.2 points and 1.3 rebounds per game. She also appeared in two playoff games that season. Chones played in 12 games in 2005, averaging 1.2 points per game. She was waived by the Mystics on May 18, 2006, before the start of the regular season.
Chones signed with the Seattle Storm on May 20, 2006. She appeared in three games for the team before being waived on May 24, 2006.
She was signed by the Los Angeles Sparks on March 5, 2007. She was waived on May 18, 2007, before the start of the regular season.
Chones also played professionally in Spain, Italy, France, Hungary, and Israel, and won an Israeli league title in 2013.

## Post-playing career

In 2013, Chones became the director of player programs for the Minnesota Timberwolves of the National Basketball Association.
In 2019, she was inducted into both the Ohio Basketball Hall of Fame and The News-Herald Sports Hall of Fame.
# Chonlathorn Vorathamrong

Chonlathorn Vorathamrong (Thai: ชลธร วรธำรง; born September 8, 1980) is a Thai former swimmer, who specialized in backstroke events. She is a two-time Olympian (2000 and 2004) and a six-time medalist at the Southeast Asian Games (2001, 2003, and 2005).
Vorathamrong made her first Thai team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. There, she failed to reach the semifinals in any of her individual events, finishing thirty-fifth in the 100 m backstroke (1:05.98), and thirty-second in the 200 m backstroke (2:21.59).
At the 2003 Southeast Asian Games in Hanoi, Vietnam, Vorathamrong won a total of two gold medals in the 100 m backstroke (1:05.47), and 200 m backstroke (2:19.11).
At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Vorathamrong maintained her program, competing again in the 100 and 200 m backstroke. She posted FINA B-standard entry times of 1:05.47 (100 m backstroke) and 2:19.11 (200 m backstroke) from the SEA Games. In the 100 m backstroke, Vorathamrong challenged six other swimmers in heat two, including 14-year-olds Anastassiya Prilepa of Kazakhstan and Olga Gnedovskaya of Uzbekistan. She posted a lifetime best of 1:05.15 to take a second spot and thirty-second overall by 0.23 of a second ahead of Turkey's Derya Erke. In the 200 m backstroke, Vorathamrong placed twenty-ninth overall from the morning's preliminaries. Swimming in the same heat as her first, she raced to seventh place by a 7.04-second margin behind winner Evelyn Verrasztó of Hungary, in a time of 2:21.11.
# Laphassaporn Tawoncharoen

Laphassaporn Tawoncharoen (formerly Jutamass Thavoncharoen, born 21 December 1981 in Bangkok) is a track and field sprint athlete who competes internationally for Thailand.

## Biography

Thavoncharoen represented Thailand at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She competed at the 100 metres sprint and placed sixth in her heat without advancing to the second round. She ran the distance in a time of 11.82 seconds. Together with Sangwan Jaksunin, Orranut Klomdee and Nongnuch Sanrat she also took part in the 4x100 metres relay. In their first round heat they placed fifth in a time of 44.38 seconds was the eleventh time overall out of sixteen participating nations. With this result they failed to qualify for the final.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Thailand ||||||
| 2003 | Asian Championships | Manila, Philippines | 7th (sf) | 100 m | 11.85 |
| 2003 | Asian Championships | Manila, Philippines | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.25 |
| 2003 | Southeast Asian Games | Hanoi, Vietnam | 2nd | 100 m | 11.55 |
| 2003 | Southeast Asian Games | Hanoi, Vietnam | 2nd | 200 m | 23.49 |
| 2003 | Southeast Asian Games | Hanoi, Vietnam | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.82 |
| 2005 | Asian Championships | Incheon, South Korea | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.18 |
| 2005 | Southeast Asian Games | Manila, Philippines | 3rd | 200 m | 23.97 |
| 2005 | Southeast Asian Games | Manila, Philippines | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.30 |
| 2007 | Asian Championships | Amman, Jordan | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.31 |
| 2007 | Universiade | Bangkok, Thailand | 6th | 200 m | 23.88 |
| 2007 | Universiade | Bangkok, Thailand | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 43.92 |
| 2007 | Asian Indoor Games | Macau | 2nd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:38.25 |
| 2008 | Asian Indoor Championships | Doha, Qatar | 3rd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:43.22 |
| 2008 | Olympic Games | Beijing, China | 49th (h) | 100 m | 11.82 |
| 2008 | Olympic Games | Beijing, China | 11th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.38 |
| 2009 | Universiade | Belgrade, Serbia | 4th | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.47 |
| 2009 | World Championships | Berlin, Germany | 15th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.59 |
| 2009 | Asian Championships | Guangzhou, China | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.55 |
| 2009 | Southeast Asian Games | Vientiane, Laos | 3rd | 100 m | 11.74 |
| 2009 | Southeast Asian Games | Vientiane, Laos | 5th | 200 m | 24.15 |
| 2009 | Southeast Asian Games | Vientiane, Laos | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.54 |
| 2010 | Asian Games | Guangzhou, China | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.09 |
| 2011 | Asian Championships | Kobe, Japan | 3rd | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.62 |
| 2011 | Southeast Asian Games | Palembang, Indonesia | 1st | 200 m | 23.65 |
| 2011 | Southeast Asian Games | Palembang, Indonesia | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.40 |
| 2011 | Southeast Asian Games | Palembang, Indonesia | 1st | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:41.35 |
# Arthouse musical

Arthouse musical (or experimental musical) is a combination of an art film and a film musical.

## Notable arthouse musicals
### 20th Century

* The Umbrellas of Cherbourg (Jacques Demy, 1964)
* The Young Girls of Rochefort (Jacques Demy, 1967)
* Cabaret (Bob Fosse, 1972)
* The Rocky Horror Picture Show (Jim Sharman, 1975)
* New York, New York (Martin Scorsese, 1977)
* All That Jazz (Bob Fosse, 1979)
* Bubble Bath (György Kovásznai, 1979)
* Pennies from Heaven (Herbert Ross, 1981)
* Forbidden Zone (Richard Elfman, 1982)
* Possibly in Michigan (Cecelia Condit, 1983)
* Golden Eighties (Chantal Ackerman, 1986)
* Under the Cherry Moon (Prince, 1986)
* Strictly Ballroom (Baz Luhrmann, 1992)
* Everyone Says I Love You (Woody Allen, 1996)
* Little Voice (Mark Herman, 1998)

### 21st Century

* Billy Elliot (Stephen Daldry, 2000)
* Dancer in the Dark (Lars von Trier, 2000)
* Moulin Rouge (Baz Luhrmann, 2001)
* 8 Femmes (François Ozon, 2002)
* Once (John Carney, 2007)
* The Lure (Agnieszka Smoczyńska, 2015)
* Cyrano (Joe Wright, 2021)
* Annette (Leos Carax, 2022)

## Notable arthouse musical directors

* Leos Carax
* Jacques Demy
* Bob Fosse
* Baz Luhrmann
# Ralf Dümmel

Ralf Dümmel (born 2 December 1966) is a German entrepreneur, managing director of the family business DS Produkte and investor in the VOX founder show Die Höhle der Löwen.

## Biography

Dümmel was born in Bad Segeberg, Schleswig-Holstein. In 1988, he joined DS Produkte [de] as a sales assistant. The company was founded in June 1973 and Dümmel was made partner in 1996. In 2000, he was appointed managing director. Under his management, the company became a global player. Subsidiaries were established in Poland, Hong Kong and elsewhere. In 2015, he was also a member of the supervisory board at VfB Lübeck.
As a soccer referee, he made it as far as the C squad of the DFB, but ended this for professional reasons.
Dümmel has been in a relationship with TV presenter Anna Heesch since 2013.
In 2016, he became one of the investors in German TV channel VOX's start-up show Die Höhle der Löwen, during which he has invested in more than 85 start-ups and supported more than 150 founders.