OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glazne

The Glazne (Bulgarian: Глазне) is a river in south-western Bulgaria, a right tributary of the Iztok, itself a right tributary of the river Mesta. The river is 11 km long and drains parts of the northeastern slopes of the Pirin mountain range.
The river takes its source from the confluence of the rivers Banderitsa (13 km, left) and Demyanitsa (13.6 km, right) at an altitude of 1,063 m, At 400 m southwest of the town of Bansko. The main of the two tributaries is the Demyanitsa, which takes its source of the largest of the Valyavishki Lakes at an altitude of 2,280 m and flows northwards in a steep densely forested valley. Following the confluence of the Banderitsa and the Demyanitsa, the newly formed Glazne flows through the western areas of Bansko and runs through the Razlog Valley from the south to the north. To the west of the village of Banya, it turns to the northeast and flows into the river Iztok at an altitude of 771 m at 1.2 km from the village.
Its drainage basin covers a territory of 119 km$^2$ or 3.89% of Mesta's total.
Glazne's flow is irregular with maximum in May-June and minimum in September. The average annual flow at Banya is 2.03 m$^3$/s, although during snowmelt the amount of water may increase to 30 m$^3$/s, the measured record being 35.8 m$^3$/s.
Its waters are used for irrigation in the Razlog Valley. The only settlement along the river is Bansko.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980, p. 137
* 1 2 Dushkov 1972, p. 50
# John Shute Duncan

John Shute Duncan LLD (19 December 1768 – 1844) was an English academic, writer, and museum curator. He was Keeper (head) of the Ashmolean Museum at the University of Oxford.

## Life

John Duncan was born in 1768 at South Warnborough, Hampshire, England, the eldest son of John Duncan DD, rector of South Warnborough. He was educated at Winchester College and at New College, Oxford, of which he became a Fellow in 1791. He was awarded a BA degree in 1791 and later an LLD degree. In 1823, John Duncan was appointed Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. He was succeeded by his younger brother Philip Bury Duncan in 1826. His time at the Ashmolean Museum saw the start of significant changes in the natural history displays, based on "natural theology", as propounded by William Paley (1743–1805), the Archdeacon of Carlisle.

## Selected works

John Shute Duncan wrote the following:
* Botanical Theology; or, Evidences of the existence and attributes of the deity, collected from the appearances of nature (Vincent, 1826), also by William Paley
* Collections Relative to Systematic Relief of the Poor, at different periods, and in different countries: with observations on charity, its proper objects and conduct, and its influence on the welfare of nations (printed by R. Cruttwell and sold by Murray, 1815)
* Hints to the bearers of walking-sticks and umbrellas (J. Murray, 3rd edition, 1809)
* Botano Theology (1825)
* Analogies of Organised Beings (1831)

## Legacy

A painting of John Shute Shute by Thomas Kirby (1775–c.1848) is in the collection of the Ashmolean Museum. The Bodleian Library archives include a memorial of the life and character of John Shute Duncan by his brother Philip Bury Duncan. The Magdalen College archives include letters from John Shute Duncan and his younger brother Philip Bury Duncan.
# Isabelle Diks

Lillian Isabella (Isabelle) Diks (Heerlen, 25 July 1965) is a Dutch GreenLeft politician. Between 1 September 2008 and 1 January 2009 she replaced Member of Parliament Mariko Peters as member of the House of Representatives. Peters was on maternity leave.
Diks attended a school specialized in arts between 1977 and 1983. She studied for a year at the Academy of Creative Art in Maastricht and continued to study at the Charles Montaigne Fashion Academy in Amsterdam between 1984 and 1986. Between 1987 and 1988, she worked as a stylist. After 1988, Diks worked as an independent designer of wedding dresses and evening gowns in Apeldoorn. In 2006, she left her business to move to Leeuwarden. Between 2002 and 2004, she studied cultural studies at the Open University (without graduating). From 2004, she studied International Relations at the University of Groningen, where she specialized in European cooperation, international law and European law. She has also owned and operated a bed and breakfast in Leeuwarden since 2006.
Diks had been active within GreenLeft since 1994, first in the municipal council of Apeldoorn, where she served as chair of the local parliamentary party and as member of the board of the regional water board, and later as member of the States-Provincial in Gelderland, where she served as vice-chair (2003–2006). Between 2006 and 2008, she was a member of the national board of GreenLeft, where she served as international secretary. In 2006, she stood on the list for the general election on the tenth place. She was not elected.
In August 2008, it was announced that Diks would temporarily replace Mariko Peters as MP. Between 1 September 2008 and 1 January 2009 Peters would be on maternity leave. The Dutch House of Representatives has a special regulation that MPs on maternity leave may be replaced temporarily without giving up their seats. Formally, Matthieu Heemelaar was the candidate to succeed Peters as he was higher on the list, but he relinquished the honour to Diks since she, a specialist on international affairs and the international secretary of the party, had the expertise to replace Peters, the foreign affairs spokesperson of the GreenLeft. On 1 January 2008 she became an alderwoman in Leeuwarden. She served once more in the House of Representatives between 23 March 2017 and 1 May 2020. Since 22 April 2020 she has been alderwoman in Groningen.
# Henk van Gerven

Henricus Petrus Johannes "Henk" van Gerven (born 11 March 1955 in Riethoven) is a Dutch politician and general practitioner. As a member of the Socialist Party (Socialistische Partij) he was an MP from 30 November 2006 to 23 March 2017. He focused on matters of health care (especially physicians, hospitals and medications), natural environment and public expenditure.
From 1995 to 1996 he was a member of the States-Provincial of North Brabant. From 1996 to 2006 he was a member of the municipal council of Oss and also an alderman of this North Brabant municipality from both 1996 to 2000 and from 2002 to 2006.
Van Gerven studied medicine at Radboud University Nijmegen.

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Henk van Gerven :
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Result | Result | Ref. |
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Party seats | Individual | Ref. |
| 2024 | European Parliament | | Socialist Party | 29 | 888 | 0 | Lost | |
# Pieter Duisenberg

Pieter Jacob Duisenberg (born 2 June 1967) is an American-born Dutch politician and businessman who served as a member of the House of Representatives from 2012 to 2017 for the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He resigned to become chairman of the Vereniging van Universiteiten per 1 October 2017. He is the son of Wim Duisenberg (1935–2005), the first President of the European Central Bank.

## Education

Duisenberg was born in Washington, DC while his father was working at the International Monetary Fund (IMF). After attending the Eerste Vrijzinnig-Christelijk Lyceum in The Hague from 1979 to 1985, he studied at the Erasmus University Rotterdam from 1990 to 1995, where he gained Bachelor of Economics and Master of Economics degrees. He also studied at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam 1992 until 1994 and received a Master of Financial Economics degree.

## Career

In his private career, Duisenberg worked for Shell, McKinsey & Company and Eneco. In the 2012 general election, he was elected to the House of Representatives. He resigned in 2017 to become chairman of the Vereniging van Universiteiten. Duisenberg started serving as president of the Court of Audit in September 2023.

## Family

His grandfather is Lammert Duisenberg from Heerenveen; Pieter is the son of former President of the European Central Bank (ECB) Wim Duisenberg. His father was member of the Labour Party and served as Minister of Finance from 1973 until 1977, a member of the House of Representatives in 1977 and 1978 and President of the Central Bank of the Netherlands from 1982 until 1997 when he became President of the European Monetary Institute (EMI).
Pieter Duisenberg is married to Annemiek Duisenberg and has Dutch citizenship. He held American citizenship by birth but renounced it in 2015.
# Agnes Kant

Agnes Catharina Kant (born 20 January 1967) is a retired Dutch politician of the Socialist Party (SP). She was an MP from 1998 to 2010. She was also the parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives from 20 June 2008 until 4 March 2010. After suffering major losses in the municipal elections of 3 March 2010, she stepped down as parliamentary group leader and announced she would not be a candidate for re-election in the upcoming national elections.
# Duco Hoogland

Duco Hoogland (born 14 September 1984) is a Dutch politician. As a member of the Labour Party (Partij van de Arbeid) he was an MP between 8 November 2012 and 23 March 2017. Previously he was a member of the municipal council of Rotterdam from 2006 to 2010.
# Kees Verhoeven

Kees Verhoeven (born 25 April 1976) is a Dutch politician of the Democrats 66 (D66) party, serving as a member of the House of Representatives since 17 June 2010. A geographer by occupation, he was first elected during the 2010 Dutch general election and was reelected in the 2012 and 2017 elections. He focuses on matters of economic affairs, housing, spatial planning and infrastructure.

## Private career

Verhoeven was born in Utrecht and studied economic geography at Utrecht University. He first worked as a teacher in Antigua Guatemala before joining the chamber of commerce (Dutch: Kamer van Koophandel) in Amsterdam in 2002. Before entering the House, he served as director of MKB-Amsterdam and later regional director for North Holland by MKB-Nederland, the organisation promoting small and medium-sized enterprises in the Netherlands.

## Political engagement

First elected to the House of Representatives in 2010, he was named leader of the D66 campaign for the 2012 elections. As a parliamentarian he was president of the Temporary House Prices Commission (Tijdelijke commissie Huizenprijzen), which enquired the cost development and pricing in the housing market.
Verhoeven was named the leader of the D66 campaign for the 2014 Dutch municipal elections; since the 2017 general election he has been his party's spokesman for matters concerning European Affairs, Anti-terrorism, Intelligence services, Privacy and Gambling games. He was therefore very present in the media during the 2018 Dutch Intelligence and Security Services Act referendum campaign.

## Honours

* Knight in the Order of Orange-Nassau
# Pieter Litjens

Pieter Jan Marie Litjens (born 17 May 1968) is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He is an Alderman in Amsterdam since 18 June 2014.
Litjens previously served as an Alderman for the Amsterdam borough Zuidoost from April 2002 until August 2006. He was selected as the Mayor of Aalsmeer serving from 15 August 2007 until 20 September 2012 when he was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands after the Dutch general election of 2012. After the Dutch municipal elections of 2014 he became an Alderman in Amsterdam on 18 June 2014.

## Biography
### Early life

Pieter Jan Marie Litjens was born on 17 May 1968 in Utrecht in the Netherlands Province of Utrecht.
He studied French at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam from 1988 to 1991, when he changed majors to political science at the University of Amsterdam and graduated in 1996 with a Master of Science degree.
He worked for the VNO-NCW from 1996 to 1999 when he became the political advisor of the alderman for Economic Affairs of Amsterdam, serving until 2002.

### Politics

In April 2002 he became an Alderman for the Amsterdam-Zuidoost borough, dealing with finance, economic affairs, sports and recreation, environmental management and personnel and organization. He stepped down in 2006 and was elected mayor of Aalsmeer the following year, taking office on 15 August 2007.
He was candidate for the House of Representatives during the Dutch general election of 2012. He was elected on 12 September 2012 and left mayoralty of Aalsmeer the same day he has taken office as an MP.
Litjens became alderman in Amsterdam on 18 June 2014, he resigned in the House of Representatives on 25 June and was replaced by Hayke Veldman.
# Joseph P. Manning

Joseph Philip Manning (October 15, 1827 – September 15, 1916) was a pioneer who crossed the Oregon Trail in 1848. He homesteaded north of the Columbia River where he served as a member of the Washington Territory legislature, Lewis County sheriff and assessor, and postmaster of the town of Winlock.

## Pioneer

As a young man—barely twenty years of age—he crossed to the Oregon Territory driving a team of oxen. He met Caroline Aubert and her sister who were traveling in the same wagon train. The Aubert family had come to Illinois from Switzerland. Their father had gone west and joined his countryman, John Sutter, in California prior to the discovery of gold. The teenage sisters had been orphaned and had joined the wagon train in the employ of a sympathetic family. Several years after arriving in Oregon, the two were married and moved to the thinly-populated Washington Territory north of the Columbia River.

## Public servant

The young couple settled near the Jackson Prairie Courthouse on the Cowlitz River and began a frontier life that not only included clearing and planting fields and raising stock, but participating the public life of the Territory. Joseph served in the Washington Territorial legislature. He was elected both sheriff and assessor of Lewis County.He was appointed and served for many years as postmaster for the town of Winlock.

## Family

Most of the seven Manning children married offspring of other early pioneer families and continued living in the area between the Columbia and the Puget Sound. Their daughter Anna married William Muir Urquhart, son of James Urquhart whose post office in Napavine was the mail distribution point for the other post offices in the area. When Washington became a state in 1889 and Olympia became the state capital, the Mannings moved north and lived the rest of their lives in the new capital city.
# Akay

Akay is one of the first Swedish graffiti-influenced street artists, and has received international attention.
When he quit graffiti, he started his street art project Akayism. In the Akayism project he has created art installations in all kinds of formats and sizes that have been seen in all corners of the world. Some of the installations have been co-made with other famous street artists.
Klisterpeter (Swedish for Glue-Peter) known for his deer-stickers and urban bird nesting boxes, has co-made many of Akay's installations. They sometimes call themselves the Barsky Brothers.

## Books

* Urban Recreation - Akay & Peter (2006) ISBN 91-973981-7-9
* Michel Verlinden et Raphaël Cruyt, Hell Hole Hope, naissance d'un musée, Bruxelles, Éditions MIMA, 2022, 240 P. ISBN 978-2-9602965-0-1
# Lenka Kuncová

Lenka Kuncová (born 21 July 1971 in Čeladná) is a Czech paralympic archer. She won the bronze medal at the Women's team recurve event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing.
# Tersia King

Tersia Johanna King (20 October 1940 – 4 December 2016) was a South African politician, educationist, and businesswoman. She represented the National Party (NP) in Parliament from 1987 to 1999. She also founded two private schools in Gauteng.

## Political career

Born on 20 October 1940, King entered frontline politics in 1977 when she became a local councillor in Kempton Park in the former Transvaal. She later joined the House of Assembly, where she represented the NP as MP for Kempton Park; she was elected to the seat in the 1987 general election.
In South Africa's first post-apartheid elections in 1994, King was elected to remain in Parliament, now in the multi-racial National Assembly. She served a single term in the seat; although she stood for re-election in the 1999 general election, she was ranked too low on the party list to gain re-election.

## Career in education

King has several degree's, including a bachelor's from the University of Pretoria, a doctor of education from the University of South Africa, and an MBA from Potchefstroom University. She founded two private schools: the Tersia King Learning Academy in Tembisa, initially launched as the Self Help School in 1991, and the Oos-Rand Academy (named for the East Rand) in Pomona, Kempton Park, launched in 1996. She was principal of the Oos-Rand Academy during its early years, and after leaving Parliament she was principal of the Tersia King Learning Academy.
She died on 4 December 2016.
# Ncumisa Kondlo

Ncumisa Chwayita Kondlo (27 March 1958 – 24 March 2008) was a South African politician and activist. She was member of the African National Congress and deputy chairperson and a member of the Central Committee of the South African Communist Party.

## Biography

Kondlo was born on 27 March 1958. She attended the University of Fort Hare and Rhodes University.
She was a political activist who lived through the Apartheid regime and saw, first-hand, the sub-standard living conditions of her countrymen.
A partial list of organizations she was involved in includes the African National Congress (ANC), the South African Communist Party, the Azanian Students’ Organisation, and the South African Youth Congress.
Kondlo served as Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Welfare in the Eastern Cape Provincial government.
She died on 24 March 2008. At the time of her death she was Chairperson of the ANC Caucus in Parliament.
# Nozuko Majola-Pikoli

Nozuko Temperance "Girly" Majola-Pikoli (née Majola) is a South African civil servant, businesswoman, and politician. She represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1994 until 1996, when she joined the civil service.

## Life and career

During apartheid, Majola-Pikoli and her husband lived in exile with the ANC, which was banned inside South Africa. She was active in the ANC Women's Section, the informal substitute for the then-dormant ANC Women's League. She returned to South Africa in 1990.
In South Africa's first post-apartheid elections in 1994, Majola-Pikoli was elected to represent the ANC in the new National Assembly. She did not complete her term in the seat, leaving in 1996 to join the civil service. During the same period, she was among the group of ANC Women's League leaders who obtained a joint stake in Dyambu Holdings, the correctional services company that later became Bosasa.
In early 2000, Majola-Pikoli and Barry Gilder were appointed as the dual deputy directors-general in the National Intelligence Agency. She later trained at the South African National Defence Force college and then took up a position at South African Airways, which she left in 2007 due to ill health.
In late 2008, Majola-Pikoli emerged as a key organiser for the Congress of the People (COPE), an opposition party which had recently been formed as a breakaway from the ANC. She drafted COPE's policy document on the criminal justice system and was elected to the party's 30-member national executive committee when the party was formally launched in December 2008.

## Personal life and family

She is married to Vusi Pikoli, a lawyer and former ANC activist who served as head of the National Prosecuting Authority from 2005 to 2007. Their son, author and artist Phumlani Pikoli, died in April 2021.
In October 2009, Majola-Pikoli was named during the criminal trial of former police chief Jackie Selebi, whose prosecution on corruption charges had been spearheaded by her husband. Selebi told the South Gauteng High Court that he was being prosecuted because he had discovered that Pikoli and his predecessor, Bulelani Ngcuka, had improper business dealings; specifically, he alleged that Pikoli had received "material gratification through his wife from the late Brett Kebble/JCI Group in an improper way", insofar as Majola-Pikoli had been given shares in Simmer and Jack, a mining company. Selebi said that he had confronted Pikoli about the "gratification" and that Pikoli had become "very emotional" and told him that Majola-Pikoli was his "Achilles' heel". In another hearing later the same week, Glenn Agliotti confirmed that the Kebble family had given Majola-Pikoli shares worth R20 million.
Pikoli's lawyer denied that the Pikolis had received any gratification, saying that Majola-Pikoli had no business dealings with Kebble and had never owned shares in Simmer & Jack. She owned a two per cent stake in Vulisango Limited, taken up on the invitation of her friend, Lizo Njenje. Vulisango, in turn, owned shares in Simmer and Jack with an estimated value of several million rand.
# Alan Connor

Alan Connor (born 1972) is a British writer, journalist and television presenter. First seen on Channel 4's youth entertainment programme The Word in 1995, he later appeared on The Big Breakfast and BBC Radio Five Live and was a BBC News correspondent, appearing on BBC News 24 and The Daily Politics.
His scriptwriting credits include the comedy-drama A Young Doctor's Notebook, starring Daniel Radcliffe and Jon Hamm, the mockumentary Nigel Farage Gets His Life Back and the BBC film The Rack Pack. He was also the "puzzle consultant" for Ludwig (2024).
Connor has worked as a writer for programmes including Charlie Brooker's Weekly Wipe, The Jonathan Ross Show and This Week and writes journalism for BBC News and The Guardian. He was the question editor for BBC Four's lateral thinking quiz Only Connect for series 9–12, having taken over from David J. Bodycombe at the start of series 9. He is also the crossword editor for The Guardian and sets the Everyman cryptic crossword for The Observer.

## Books

In 2013, Penguin published Two Girls, One on Each Knee: A History of Cryptic Crosswords. In 2014 Gotham Books published The Crossword Century: 100 Years of Witty Wordplay, Ingenious Puzzles, and Linguistic Mischief. In 2016 Penguin Books published The Joy of Quiz.
# Pir Bakran District

Pir Bakran District (Persian: بخش پیربکران) is in Falavarjan County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Pir Bakran.

## History

After the 2016 National Census, the village of Tad was elevated to the status of a city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 census, the district's population was 50,417 in 13,687 households. The following census in 2011 counted 53,425 people in 16,015 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 52,574 inhabitants in 16,795 households.

### Administrative divisions

Pir Bakran District Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Garkan-e Shomali RD | 16,050 | 16,500 | 15,115 |
| Sohr and Firuzan RD | 13,191 | 13,601 | 12,706 |
| Baharan Shahr (city) | 10,325 | 11,132 | 11,284 |
| Pir Bakran (city) | 10,851 | 12,192 | 13,469 |
| Tad (city) | | | |
| Total | 50,417 | 53,425 | 52,574 |
| RD = Rural District ||||