OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hadrianopolis in Paphlagonia

Hadrianopolis in Paphlagonia (Ancient Greek: Ἁδριανούπολις ἐν Παφλαγονίᾳ) was a city in southwestern Paphlagonia, Asia Minor (modern Turkey), about 3km west of modern Eskipazar.
It was inhabited at least from the 1st century BC to the 8th century AD. It was named after the Roman emperor Hadrian in the 2nd century AD. The city also bore the names of Caesarea or Kaisareia (Καισάρεια) and Proseilemmene.

## History

Hadrianapolis had settlements in the late Hellenistic, Roman and early Byzantine periods.
When Emperor Theodosius I (347–395) made parts of Paphlagonia and Bithynia into a new province called Honorias, Hadrianopolis became known as Hadrianopolis in Honoriade, the name by which the ancient episcopal see is known in the list of what are now titular sees included in the Annuario Pontificio.
It is known as the birthplace of Saints Alypios the Stylite and Stylianos of Paphlagonia.

## Excavations

Excavations started in 2003. Archaeological surface surveys have uncovered 14 public buildings and other structures in the ancient city. Among these public buildings are two baths, two churches, a defense structure, rock tombs, a theater, an arched and domed structure, a monumental cultic niche, walls, a villa, other monumental buildings and some religious buildings. The church floors are decorated with mosaics and have images of the rivers of Gihon, Pishon, Tigris and Euphrates imprinted on them, which are mentioned in the Bible. Various animals are also depicted in the mosaics of the ancient city, which has been likened to the ancient city of Zeugma.
One of the earliest known churches in Anatolia was excavated in Hadrianopolis. In December 2019, archaeologists unearthed an 1800-year-old limestone slab containing a female silhouette most likely depicts Demeter. According to the archaeologist Ersin Çelikbaş, there was an inscription on the surface of the slab- "Herakleides, the son of Glaukos". "The slab has a figure of a woman on it wearing a traditional dress, holding ears of wheat in her right hand and wearing a belt with a snake on her waist. Most probably, this is the goddess of the harvest and agriculture Demeter" said Ersin Çelikbaş.
In 2022 new mosaics with polychrome peacock and amphora figures with grape basket decorations were found in a Roman fort. Geophysical and other surveys have revealed 14 public buildings and other structures in the ancient city so far.
# Jack McManus (gangster)

Jack McManus (born Thomas McManus, March 24, 1862 – May 26, 1905), also known as Eat 'Em Up, was a noted New York City gangster around the turn of the 20th century.

## Life

Born in Boston, he was considered one of the premier boxers of the underworld, rivaled only by Monk Eastman, McManus started off as a prize fighter only to begin work in as a bouncer in the dives of Lower Manhattan, including "Suicide Hall" and "New Brighton".
Eat 'Em Up Jack became known as the right-hand man of Paul Kelly, leader of the Five Points Gang. Always dressed in the finest clothes, McManus cut a fearsome figure around New York until May 1905, when he met his end after a brawl with gangster Chick Tricker. After shooting Tricker in a street brawl outside the New Brighton dance hall, Eat 'Em Up Jack was beaten to death in the Bowery by an underworld character known as Sardinia Frank, who crept up behind the gangster and bashed in his skull with a lead pipe.

## In popular culture

* Eat 'Em Up Jack McManus in a minor character in the 1994 novel The Alienist by Caleb Carr.
# Vivacitas

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| DPRP | (8/10) |
Vivacitas (subtitled "Live at Glasgow 2002") is a live album recorded by the Nice, who reformed for a set of concerts, augmented by the Keith Emerson Band for the second half of the concert. David O'List, The Nice's original guitarist, did not take part, and was replaced by Dave Kilminster. The album consists of versions of pieces which had been live favourites during the Nice's heyday between 1967 and 1970, three piano solo pieces by Emerson, some pieces from the Emerson, Lake & Palmer repertoire performed by the Keith Emerson Band, and a 2001 interview with Emerson, Lee Jackson and Brian Davison by Chris Welch.

## Track listing
### Disc one

* "America"/"Rondo" (Bernstein, Brubeck, Emerson) – 11:13
* "Little Arabella" (Emerson, Jackson) – 4:57
* "She Belongs to Me" (Dylan, Emerson) – 6:21
* "The Cry of Eugene" (Emerson, Jackson, O'List) – 5:02
* "Hang on to a Dream" (Emerson, Hardin) – 10:30
* "Country Pie" (Bach, Dylan, Emerson) – 5:57
* "Karelia Suite" (Sibelius, Emerson) – 7:58

### Disc two

* "A Blade of Grass" (Emerson) – 2:11
* "A Cajun Alley" (Emerson) – 4:11
* "Tarkus" (Emerson, Lake) – 21:00
* "Hoedown" (Copland) – 5:06
* "Fanfare for the Common Man" (Copland, Emerson, Lake, Palmer) – 7:55
* "Honky Tonk Train Blues" (Meade Lux Lewis) – 6:05

### Disc three

* Interview with Chris Welch – 22:27

## Personnel
### The Nice

* Keith Emerson – keyboards; vocals (2)
* Lee Jackson – bass guitar, vocals (1–7, 12–13)
* Brian Davison – drums (1–7, 12–13)

### Additional personnel

* Dave Kilminster – guitar, vocals (1–7, 10–13)
* Phil Williams – bass guitar (10–13)
* Pete Riley – drums (10–13)
# Visual Musik

Visual Musik was a record label based in Omaha, Nebraska. It specialized in new age music. It was founded in 1987 by Carol Davis, ex-wife of Chip Davis of Mannheim Steamroller fame. Carol Davis had previously contributed photography and visuals to several early Mannheim Steamroller albums in the Fresh Aire series, as well as other albums released under Chip Davis' American Gramaphone label.

## Releases
### Albums

* Sounds That Move Air (compilation, 1987)
* Earth City Expressway (compilation, 1988)
* Ric Swanson -- Christmas In Other Places (1988)
* Doug Markley / The Markley Band -- Philly Fillet (1989)
* Scott Duncan -- Contemporary Salon (1989)
* Zurich -- Incommunicado (1989)
* Lars Ericson and Tom Ware -- The Big Bang (1990)

### Video

* Hypnotic Places, Exotic Spaces (1987)
# Volgodonskoy District

Volgodonskoy District (Russian: Волгодонско́й райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the eastern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,479 square kilometers (571 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Romanovskaya. Population: 33,779 (2010 Census); 30,170 (2002 Census); 24,690 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Romanovskaya accounts for 24.4% of the district's total population.

## Notable residents

* Nikandr Chibisov (1892–1959), Soviet military commander and Hero of the Soviet Union, born in the stanitsa of Romanovskaya
* Yefim Trotsenko (1901–1972), Soviet military leader, born in Yegorov
# Norm Odinga

Norman Hendrik Odinga (born February 11, 1963) is a Canadian retired international soccer player.

## Club career

Odinga was named MVP of the University of Alberta and played for the Edmonton Eagles, Edmonton Brick Men and Vancouver 86ers.

## International career

Odinga made his debut for Canada in an April 1989 friendly match against Denmark and earned a total of 8 caps, scoring 1 goal. He also played in a non official match against Mexico in March 1991.
He has represented Canada at the inaugural 1989 FIFA Futsal World Championship.
His final international game was a July 1993 World Cup qualification match against Australia.

### International goals

    Scores and results list Canada's goal tally first.
| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | April 2, 1992 | Royal Athletic Park, Victoria, Canada | China | | 5–2 | Friendly match |

## Coaching career

He currently is head coach of an U14 girls team in Alberta.
# Heather Graven

Heather Dawn Graven is a Professor of Climate Physics in the Atmospheric Physics group at Imperial College London. She creates mathematical models to predict how climate change will impact the carbon cycle.

## Education

Graven earned a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering from California Institute of Technology in 2001. She won the Dean's Cup for contributions to student life. She earned a PhD from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 2008. Her PhD thesis, Advancing the use of radiocarbon in studies of global and regional carbon cycling with high precision measurements of $^{14}$C in CO$_2$ from the Scripps CO$_2$ Program, was assessed by Ralph Keeling.

## Career

Graven studies greenhouse gas emissions. In 2008 she joined ETH Zurich as a postdoctoral researcher. She returned to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 2011, researching variations in the amplitude of CO$_2$ over the course of seasons. Since 2013, she has led the Carbon Cycle research group at Imperial College London.
Graven's research focuses on measuring atmospheric CO$_2$ and CH$_4$. The emission of greenhouse gases from fossil fuels can compromise the effectiveness of radiocarbon dating. She is also interested in the global uptake and cycling of carbon by plants, soil and the ocean. Her team use numerical models to predict the impact of climate change on the global carbon cycle. She is the project lead on several NASA funded projects, quantifying fossil and biospheric CO$_2$ fluxes in California.
She took part in the American Association for the Advancement of Science 2017 Annual Meeting, discussing Global Climate Science Imperatives. Graven contributes regularly to the discussion of climate change in the media.
# Eukarpia

38°28′20″N 30°07′11″E﻿ / ﻿38.4722714°N 30.1196556°E﻿ / 38.4722714; 30.1196556 Eucarpia or Eukarpia (Ancient Greek: Εὐκαρπία) was a city in Phrygia and a bishopric in the late Roman province of Phrygia Salutaris, in Asia Minor.

## Location

Eukarpia, mentioned by Strabo (XII, 576) and several other geographers, was situated not far from the sources of the Maeander River, on a road from Dorylaeum to Eumeneia, between the Dorylaeum-Acmonia and Dorylaeum-Synnada roads, probably at the modern Emirhissar, in Afyonkarahisar Province.
It was situated in a very fertile district, to which it is said to have been indebted for its name. The vine especially grew there very luxuriously.
Imposing ruins, seen by Hamilton in 1837, have almost disappeared. Little is known about the history of the city. Under Roman dominion, Eucarpia belonged to the conventus of Synnada, to the southwest of which city it was situated. It struck its own coins from the time of Augustus until the reign of Volusianus.

## Ecclesiastical history

The bishopric, a suffragan of Synnada, figures in the Notitiae episcopatuum until the twelfth or thirteenth century. Six bishops are known:
* Eugenius, present at the Council of Nicaea (325),
* Auxomenus in 381,
* Cyriacus in 451,
* Dionysius in 536,
* Constantine or Constans in 787 (not mentioned by Le Quien), and Constantine in 879.
Eukarpia is included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees.
# Russell House (Ottawa)

The Russell House hotel was the most high-profile hotel in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, for many decades. It was located at the corner of Sparks Street and Elgin Street, where Confederation Square is located today. The original building was built in the 1840s. Additions were made in the 1870s and the original building replaced in 1880. It closed in 1925 and was demolished in 1928.

## History

The Second Empire hotel was located at the southeast corner of Sparks Street and Elgin Street. A small hotel was first built there in the 1840s and was named Campbell's Hotel after its proprietor. In 1863, it came under the ownership of James Gouin, who named it the Russell House after a family in the United States for whom he had managed a Quebec City hotel. Gouin later built the Caledonia Springs Hotel, a famous spa in eastern Ontario, and was appointed Ottawa Postmaster by Sir John A. Macdonald.
Ottawa's status as the capital of the new country created a pressing demand for hotel space. A new wing housing the dining room was built during the 1870s along Elgin Street. The original hotel was torn down and replaced in 1880, in the "Second Empire" style.
For many decades the Russell House served as Ottawa's foremost hotel. Most Canadian politicians from this era spent time at the Russell House, and Wilfrid Laurier lived there for ten years before moving to Laurier House. International guests included Oscar Wilde and Anna Pavlova.
On two occasions, important sport-related events occurred at the Russell House. In 1876, Ottawa's first rugby football team, the "Ottawas", was organized at Russell House, and played its first game three days later. The club would evolve to become the Ottawa Rough Riders football club. In 1892, at a dinner at the Russell House to honor the Ottawa Hockey Club, Governor-General Lord Stanley announced he would offer a trophy to the top Canadian ice hockey team, the genesis of the Stanley Cup.
In 1912, the Château Laurier succeeded the Russell as Ottawa's premier hotel. Money was spent on renovations in the 1920s, but the hotel had declined due to age and its closure was announced on September 1, 1925. Some of the reasons listed were the high cost of heating the structure, and the higher number of staff to operate the hotel, compared to a newer facility. The Russell House closed permanently on October 1, 1925. Ground-level shops remained open, but the hotel was emptied. On April 14, 1928, a fire broke out in the hotel, and the hotel was mostly destroyed. The remains of the structure were demolished by November. The Government of Canada had been in the process of buying the property when the fire occurred, and the government used the land to expand Elgin Street to create Confederation Square. Various artifacts of the hotel are on display at the Bytown Museum.
* The original hotel with new wing on right
* Construction of new main building in 1880
* Dining room in 1884
* Drawing room in 1884
* Ruins after fire in 1928
# Studio 33

Studio 33 was a game developer from Liverpool, UK. It was once partly owned by Psygnosis, making Newman-Haas Racing, Formula One 99, Formula One 2000, Formula One 2001, Formula One Arcade and Destruction Derby Raw for the PlayStation, and Destruction Derby Arenas for PlayStation 2.
In 1993, SCEE bought out Psygnosis, and Studio 33 was formed by John White, ex Director of Development from 1996 to October 16, 2003. EA bought out Studio 33. EA relocated the studio to Warrington and renamed it EA North West. The studio was inactive since 2004 and got quietly shut down in 2006.
# Kasharsky District

Kasharsky District (Russian: Каша́рский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,112 square kilometers (1,202 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a sloboda) of Kashary. Population: 25,355 (2010 Census); 27,424 (2002 Census); 29,712 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kashary accounts for 25.8% of the district's total population.

## Notable residents

* Ivan Kapitanets (1928–2018), Fleet Admiral in the Soviet Navy
# Gleierbach (Gleierbrück)

Gleierbach (also: Gleiebach) is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is a tributary of the Lenne, which it joins in Gleierbrück, part of Lennestadt.
# Rutuja Latke

Rutuja Latke is an Indian politician who is elected as Member of 14th Maharashtra Legislative Assembly in 2022 Legislative Assembly by-elections from Andheri East Assembly constituency. She is the spouse of Ramesh Latke.
# Cordyle

Cordyle or Kordyle (Ancient Greek: Κορδύλη), also called Portus Chordyle, was a town of ancient Pontus, on the Black Sea coast, 40 or 45 stadia east of Hieron Oros or Yoros. The name occurs in the Tabula Peutingeriana in the form Cordile. There appears to be some confusion in Ptolemy about this place.
Its site is located near Akcakale in Trabzon Province at Turkey.
# Julio Libonatti

Julio Libonatti (5 July 1901 – 9 October 1981) was an Italian Argentine football manager and footballer who played as a forward for the Argentina and Italy national teams.
Born in Rosario, he started his career with Newell's Old Boys in 1917. In 1925, he became the first recorded trans-Atlantic transfer, when he moved to Italian club Torino. With 150 total goals with Torino, he is the second most prolific scorer in the history of the Torinese club after Paolo Pulici (172). He won the Scudetto with Torino in 1926–27 and 1927–28, although the first title was later revoked. Later in his career he also represented Genoa and Libertas Rimini.
Internationally, Libonatti won the 1921 South American Championship with Argentina. He later represented Italy and won the 1927–30 Central European International Cup.

## Early life

He was born in Rosario, Argentina into a Calabrian family.

## Club career

Libonatti started his youth career with Rosario Central, but began his professional career with the other team of his hometown, Newell's Old Boys. His prolific goal-scoring and acrobatic game led to Libonatti becoming a crowd favourite, and he was nicknamed Matador. In the summer of 1925, due to an agreement that allowed the sons of Italians to take advantage of dual nationality, he moved to Torino.
Libonatti also soon became a fan favourite in Italy. In addition to his acrobatic skills, typical of Argentine players, Libonatti had a tactical intelligence that allowed him to offer spectacular mains balls (in the future they would be called assists) to his teammates. Torino's other forward, Gino Rossetti would benefit the most from Libonatti's play. Behind the two forwards was Torino's playmaker, Adolfo Baloncieri. The three became known as the trio delle meraviglie (Trio of Wonders), and would bring Torino to win two Italian championships (one was revolved). In the 1928–29 season, the club lost a final against Bologna, but the attack managed to score 117 goals in 33 games. With the Granata, Libonatti collected 241 appearances (239 in the league and 2 in Coppa Italia), and scored 157 goals (150 in the league seven in cup competition).
In January 1935, he left Torino for Genoa, who thanks to his contribution were able to return to the top flight. In 1937, he was hired by the Libertas Rimini, where he held the dual role of manager and player.

## International career

Libonatti first played with Argentina, winning the 1921 South American Championship as the tournament's top scorer with three goals. He collected 15 caps and 8 goals with Argentina. He then played with Italy, Italy's first Oriundo to play on the national team. His first appearance was on 28 October 1926, collecting a total of 18 caps and 15 goals.

## Honours
### Club

Torino
* Divisione Nazionale/Serie A: 1927–28
Genoa
* Serie B: 1934–35

### International

Argentina
* South American Football Championship: 1921
Italy
* Central European International Cup: 1927–30; runner-up: 1931–32

### Individual

* South American Football Championship top scorer: 1921 (3 goals)
* Central European International Cup top scorer: 1927–30 (6 goals)
* Serie A – Top scorer: 1927–28 (21 goals)
# Marianne Thyssen

Marianne Leonie Petrus Thyssen (Dutch pronunciation:; born 24 July 1956) is a Belgian politician of the Christian Democratic and Flemish Party (CD&V) who served as European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs, Skills and Labour Mobility between 2014 and 2019.

## Early life

Born in Sint-Gillis-Waas, to a Flemish family, not related to the family of Baron Thyssen, Thyssen graduated from the Catholic University of Leuven (KUL) in 1979, where she obtained a degree in law. She worked as a legal adviser for a Belgian organisation for the self-employed and small and medium-sized businesses UNIZO and the women's network Christelijke Middenstands- en Burgervrouwen (CMBV) now Markant, becoming Director then acting Secretary-General at UNIZO in 1991. From 1986-1988 she acted as legal adviser to the state secretary for public health and disability policy.

## Political activity

In 1991, Thyssen became a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Flanders with the CD&V, the Flemish Christian Democrats in Belgium; she took the place of Karel Pinxten [nl], who had moved to the Belgian Senate. From 1995-2008 she served as municipal Councillor for Oud-Heverlee, a municipality located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant, and in 2001 she became First Alderman for Oud-Heverlee. As a local councillor, she chose to work on such social issues as childcare and care for the elderly. In 2008 Thyssen was elected leader of CD&V party.
During her almost 23 years as a member of the European Parliament Thyssen was re-elected five times. She has sat on the European Parliament's Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection, has substituted for the Committee on International Trade, was a member of the Delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Cooperation Committee and a substitute for the Delegation to the EU-Turkey Joint Parliamentary Committee. From 1999-2014 she served as leader of the European People's Party's (EPP) Belgian delegation and from 2004-2009 was elected first vice-president of the EPP.
In 2014 Thyssen was appointed to the European Commission as Commissioner in charge of Employment, Social Affairs, Skills and Labour Mobility for the European Union (EU). She became the first Belgian woman to be appointed Commissioner.

## Early career

* 1979: Degree in law at the Catholic University of Leuven (KUL)
* Assistant in the faculty of law, Catholic University of Leuven
* Legal assistant in the office of the State Secretary for Health
* Successively legal adviser, head of a research department and acting Secretary-General at Unizo (organisation for the self-employed and small and medium-sized businesses)

## Career

* since 1991: Member of the European Parliament
* Member of the bureau of the European People's Party
* Vice-Chairwoman of the EPP-ED Group's SME Circle
* First Deputy Mayor of Oud-Heverlee until 2008
* Chair woman of the CD&V (15 May 2008 – 23 June 2010)
# Eric Green (golfer)

Eric Green (11 April 1908 – 27 December 1980) was an English professional golfer. He was on the Great Britain team for the 1947 Ryder Cup but did not play in any matches. He won the Northern Professional Championship in 1947.

## Golf career

In early August 1947 the P.G.A. selection committee announced a list of 14 players from which the final 10 players for 1947 Ryder Cup would be chosen. The winner of the News of the World Match Play would also be included in the list. Green was one of the 14 players in the list. Green won the Northern Professional Championship on 29 August but in early September he was not in the initial group of seven selected. Two new names were added to the list of possible players, leaving nine or ten players competing for the remaining three places. Later in September two more players were selected, which included Green, to which would be added the winner of the News of the World Matchplay.
He was assistant or professional at a number of clubs in the Liverpool area, including Liverpool Municipal, Haydock Park, Grange Park and, from 1946, professional at Huyton & Prescot Golf Club.

## Tournament wins

* 1947 Northern Professional Championship, Leeds Cup

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 |
| The Open Championship | T37 | | CUT | | | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | | | CUT | |
| Tournament | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 | 1957 | 1958 | 1959 | 1960 | 1961 |
| The Open Championship | CUT | | | | | | CUT | | CUT | | | T38 |
Note: Green only played in The Open Championship.
NT = No tournament CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" = tied