OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nymphaea paganuccii

Nymphaea paganuccii is a species of waterlily endemic to Brazil.

## Description
### Vegetative characteristics

Nymphaea paganuccii is an aquatic herb. It has cylindrical tubers, which are not stoloniferous. The glabrous, green, non-brittle petioles have four primary central and four secondary peripheral air canals. The elliptic, suborbicular to orbicular leaf blade has a flat and entire margin. The blade is 15.3–19.8 cm long and 10–17.3 cm wide.

### Generative characteristics

The nocturnal flowers float on the water surface. The non-brittle, brownish, glabrous peduncle has six primary central and 12 secondary peripheral air canals. The ovoid, smooth, pilose seeds have trichomes arranged in continuous longitudinal lines. The seeds are 1–1.2 mm long and 0.7–0.8 mm wide.

## Reproduction
### Vegetative reproduction

Both stolons and proliferating pseudanthia are absent.

### Generative reproduction

Flowering and fruiting has been observed in the month of July. Sexual reproduction plays a significant role in this species.

## Taxonomy

It was first described by C.T.Lima and Ana Maria Giulietti in 2021.

### Type specimen

The type specimen was collected by C.T. Lima and L. Lima at depths of 1-3 m in a lagoon by the Tapajós river of the Santarém municipality in the state Pará, Brazil on the 18th of July 2011.

### Placement within Nymphaea

It is placed in Nymphaea subg. Hydrocallis.

## Etymology

The specific epithet paganuccii honours Prof. Dr. Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz of the State University of Feira de Santana, Brazil.

## Ecology
### Habitat

It occurs in the aquatic habitats of the Amazon rainforest. The depth of the lagoon habitat in the type locality fluctuates based on precipitation in the region, with a complete dry period occurring between August and December. It occurs sympatrically with several other Nymphaea species, namely Nymphaea amazonum, Nymphaea pedersenii, Nymphaea rapinii, and Nymphaea lingulata.

### Pollination

Beetles of the genus Cyclocephala visit the flowers of Nymphaea paganuccii and have been trapped within them, indicating pollination by these beetles.
# Nymphaea brongniartii

Nymphaea brongniartii is a species of aquatic plant, which occurred in the upper Oligocene period of France.

## Description
### Generative characteristics

The peduncle has 5-7 primary air canals. The flowers had four sepals, and at most 12 petals. There is a gap between petals and stamens. The androecium consists of more than 100 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 30-32 carpels. The operculate, arillate, ovoid seeds had longitudinal ridges.

## Taxonomy
### Publication

It was described as †Anoectomeria brongniartii Caspary by Robert Caspary in 1856. It was emended by Butzmann and Fischer, 2013.

### Position within Nymphaea

It is placed in Nymphaea subg. Lotos.
# Taphrosaurus

Taphrosaurus is an extinct genus of plesiosaur.
# Hugh Herland

Hugh Herland (c. 1330 – c. 1411) was a 14th-century medieval English carpenter. He was the chief carpenter to King Richard II.
One of his best known pieces is the hammer-beam roof at Westminster Hall, regarded as one of the greatest carpentry achievements of the time. He also worked for William of Wykeham at New College, Oxford, c.1384.
Herland was commissioned by royalty to work on some of the major architecture of the time, including Windsor Castle, Westminster Palace, the Tower of London and Rochester Castle, Portchester Castle and Winchester College Chapel, and he also contributed to the tombs of King Edward III and his Queen consort Philippa of Hainault in Westminster Abbey.

## Gallery of work

* Hammer Beams, Westminster Hall
* Roof, Westminster Hall
* Wooden fan vault of Winchester College Chapel
# List of countries by copper production

This is a list of countries by mined copper production.
Copper ore can be exported to be smelted so that a nation's smelter production of copper can differ greatly from its mined production. See: List of countries by copper smelter production.

## 2023

2023 :
| Rank | Country/region | Production (× 1000 tons) |
| — | World | 21,550 |
| 1 | Chile | 5,000 |
| 2 | Peru | 2,600 |
| 3 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 2,500 |
| 4 | China | 1,700 |
| 5 | United States | 1,100 |
| 6 | Russia | 910 |
| 7 | Indonesia | 840 |
| 8 | Australia | 810 |
| 9 | Zambia | 760 |
| 10 | Mexico | 750 |
| 11 | Kazakhstan | 600 |
| 12 | Canada | 480 |
| 13 | Poland | 400 |
| — | Other Countries | 3,100 |

## 2020

2020 :
| Rank | Country/region | Production (× 1000 tons) |
| — | World | 16,890 |
| 1 | Chile | 5,700 |
| 2 | Peru | 2,200 |
| 3 | China | 1,700 |
| 4 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 1,300 |
| 5 | United States | 1,200 |
| 6 | Australia | 870 |
| 7 | Russia | 850 |
| 8 | Zambia | 830 |
| 9 | Mexico | 690 |
| 10 | Kazakhstan | 580 |
| 11 | Canada | 570 |
| 12 | Poland | 400 |
| — | Other Countries | 3300 |

## 2017

2017 :
| Rank | Country/region | Production (× 1000 tons) |
| — | World | 19,939 |
| 1 | Chile | 5,503 |
| 2 | Peru | 3,462 |
| 3 | China | 1,656 |
| 4 | United States | 1,260 |
| 5 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 1,094 |
| 6 | Australia | 859 |
| 7 | Zambia | 797 |
| 8 | Mexico | 742 |
| 9 | Russia | 705 |
| 10 | Indonesia | 622 |
| 11 | Poland | 620 |
| 12 | Canada | 605 |
| 13 | Zambia | 540 |
| 14 | Brazil | 419 |
| 15 | Mongolia | 384 |
| 16 | Iran | 314 |
| 17 | Spain | 204 |
| 18 | Laos | 153 |

## 2015

2015 :
| Rank | Country/region | Production (× 1000 tons) |
| — | World | 19,100 |
| 1 | Chile | 5,760 |
| 2 | China | 1,710 |
| 3 | Peru | 1,700 |
| 4 | United States | 1,372 |
| 5 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 1,020 |
| 6 | Australia | 971 |
| 7 | Russia | 732 |
| 8 | Zambia | 712 |
| 9 | Canada | 697 |
| 10 | Mexico | 594 |
| | Other Countries | 3,800 |

## 1907

1907 :
| Rank | Country/region | Production (× 1000 tons) |
| — | World | 723 |
| 1 | United States | 399 |
| 2 | Mexico | 61 |
| 3 | Spain and Portugal | 50 |
| 4 | Japan | 50 |
| 5 | Australasia | 42 |
| 6 | Chile | 27 |
| 7 | Germany | 21 |
| 8 | Russia | 15 |
# Nymphaea nouchali var. mutandaensis

Nymphaea nouchali var. mutandaensis is a variety of the water lily species Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. endemic to Uganda.

## Description
### Vegetative characteristics

Nymphaea nouchali var. mutandaensis is an aquatic herb.

### Generative characteristics

The purple flowers have a yellow centre.

## Taxonomy

It was first described as Nymphaea nouchali var. mutandaensis Verdc. by Bernard Verdcourt in 1989.

## Conservation

The IUCN conservation status is endangered (EN). It is threatened by the invasive Louisiana Red Claw Crayfish, Procambarus clarki, which has been introduced to its natural habitat in Lake Mutanda and Lake Bunyonyi.

## Ecology
### Habitat

It occurs in lakes. It occurs in shallow sheltered waters at altitudes of 1,770-1,950 m above sea level.
# Samyuktha (disambiguation)

Samyuktha is a 1988 Indian Kannada-language thriller film.
Samyuktha may also refer to:

## People

* Samyukta or Sanyogita, purported wife of medieval Indian king Prithviraj Chauhan, daughter of king Jaichand of Kannauj
* Samyuktha (actress, born 1995), Indian actress
* Samyuktha Hegde (born 1998), Indian Kannada and Tamil film actress
* Samyuktha Varma (born 1979), Indian actress

## Other

* Rani Samyuktha, a 1962 Indian Tamil-language historical romance film about queen Samyukta and king Prithviraj Chauhan
* Urs Samyuktha Paksha, a political party in the Indian state of Karnataka
# Cowasji Jehangir

Sir Cowasji Jehangir, 2nd Baronet, (16 February 1879 – 17 October 1962) was a prominent member of the Bombay Parsi community. He was the son of Sir Jehangir Cowasji Jehangir Readymoney, 1st Bt. (1853–1934) and grand-nephew of Sir Cowasji Jehangir Readymoney (1812–1878). He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge.
Cowasji Jehangir campaigned for a prominent role for the Parsi Zoroastrian community in independent India. He had become a member of the "Western India National Liberation Federation", at its founding in 1919, and was elected its president in 1936 and 1937. He was also active in the reactionary "Parsee Central Committee", which was critical of Congress Parsis like Dadabhai Naoroji and Pherozeshah Mehta.
At the second "Round Table Conference" in London during 1930–1932, where the framework for the political and constitutional future of India was laid down, he was one of the three political "liberals" to represent the Parsi community. To the Minorities Committee and the Franchise Committee he advocated a graded franchise based on the standard of education which would have given the Parsis an immense over-representation in future elections. Such a scheme was never taken seriously by any other party in the discussions.
After 1939, when it was apparent that independence was to come in a short while, a large number of Parsis became active in the "Western India National Liberation Federation", whose meetings were often held at his home. As a last-ditch effort, on the eve of independence in 1945, he pleaded to the Viceroy in a telegram not to forget the claims of the Parsis. This appeal, made as the president of the "Parsee Central Association" was nullified by a telegram from a group of Parsis calling themselves the "Freedom Group" which rejected any special privilege for the Parsis.

## Legacy

The Jehangir Art Gallery was established in 1952 in memory of his late son, the Cowasji Jehangir Hall and Jehangir Institute of Psychiatry are named after him. The Readymoney Nursing Home (now Jehangir Hospital) in Pune was founded on property donated by Sir Cowasji and his wife Lady Hirabai. Originally named Readymoney Villa, it was renamed in 1944 after their son Jehangir Cowasji Jehangir, who died in an accident that year.
# International Neuropsychological Society

The International Neuropsychological Society is an international non-profit learned society dedicated to promoting research in neuropsychology. It was established in 1967 with only a few members, with its membership growing to about 5,000 by 2015. Its first president was Karl H. Pribram. It was originally founded as the European International Neuropsychology Society, and was renamed to its current name in 1973. Its official journal is the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society.

## Presidents

Presidents of the International Neuropsychological Society include:
* Karl H. Pribram (1967–1968)
* Raymond Denner (1969–1970)
* Arthur Benton (1971)
* Norman Geschwind (1972)
* Allan Mirsky (1973)
* Paul Satz (1974)
* Louis Costa (1975)
* Harold Goodglass (1976)
* Marcel Kinsbourne (1977)
* Aaron Smith (1978)
* Edith Kaplan (1979)
* Manfred Meie (1980)
* Byron Rourke (1981)
* Ken Heilman (1982)
* Dirk Bakker (1983)
* Nelson Butter (1984)
* Freda Newcombe (1985)
* Hallgrim Kløve (1986)
* Muriel Lezak (1987)
* Otfried Spreen (1988)
* Harvey Levin (1989)
* Neil Brooks (1990)
* Charles Matthews (1991)
* Linas Bieliauska (1992)
* Barbara C. Wilson (1993)
* Don Stuss (1994)
* Gerald Goldstein (1995)
* Steven Matti (1996)
* Marilyn Albert (1997)
* H. Julia Hannay (1998)
* Kenneth Adams (1999)
* Martha Denckla (2000)
* Laird Cerma (2000)
* Castro Caldas (2001)
* Leslie J. Gonzalez-Rothi (2002)
* Elizabeth Warrington (2003)
* Jason Brandt (2004)
* Robert Heaton (2005)
* Barbara A. Wilson (2006)
* Igor Grant (2007)
* Jack Fletcher (2008)
* Michael Corballis (2009)
* Stephen Rao (2010)
* Rus Baue (2011)
* Sandra Weintraub (2012)
* Jennie Ponsford (2013)
* Erin Bigler (2014)
* Ann D. Watt (2015)
* Kathleen Haaland (2016)
* Michael Kopelman (2017)
* Keith O. Yeates (2018)
* Vicki Anderson (2019)
* Margaret O'Connor (2020)
* Skye McDonald (2021)
* Ida Sue Baron (2022)
* Jon Evans (2023)
# Survivor: The Interactive Game

Survivor: The Interactive Game, also simply known as Survivor, is a 2001 adventure video game for the PC, based on the American version of the TV series Survivor. Developed by Magic Lantern, it was published by Infogrames on November 12, 2001. It allows players to play as any of the original Borneo or Australian Outback cast members. The game also includes a character creation system for making custom characters.

## Gameplay

Gameplay consists of choosing survivors' skills (fishing, cooking, etc.), forming alliances, developing relationships with other tribe members, and voting off competitors at tribal council.

## Reception

In the United States, the computer version of Survivor sold 260,000 copies and earned $4.0 million by August 2006, after its release in November 2001. It was the country's 77th best-selling computer game between January 2000 and August 2006. The game was received very poorly by critics. It has a Metacritic score of 26% based on 7 critic reviews.
GameSpot gave the game a 'Terrible' score of 2.0 out of 10, saying "If you're harboring even a tiny urge to buy this game, please listen very carefully to this advice: Don't do it." Likewise, IGN gave the game a 'Terrible' 2.4 out of 10, stating "It is horribly boring and repetitive. The graphics are weak and even the greatest Survivor fan would break the CD in two after playing it for 20 minutes." The game was the recipient of Game Revolution's lowest score of all time, an F−. An 'interactive review' was created specially for the game, and features interactive comments like "The Survival periods are about as much fun as" followed by a drop-down menu, "watching paint dry/throbbing hemorrhoids/staring at air/being buried alive."
# Toni Karačić

Toni Karačić (born 6 December 1974) is a Bosnian professional football manager. He was most recently manager of Bosnian Premier League club Široki Brijeg.

## Managerial statistics

    As of match played 23 November 2024
Managerial record by team and tenure :
| Team | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Team | From | To | G | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Široki Brijeg | 30 August 2009 | 26 May 2010 | 26 | 15 | 6 | 5 | 43 | 23 | +20 | 057.69 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina U19 | 1 July 2011 | 26 April 2018 | 68 | 27 | 16 | 25 | 119 | 97 | +22 | 039.71 |
| Široki Brijeg | 15 September 2019 | 5 August 2021 | 58 | 30 | 15 | 13 | 84 | 59 | +25 | 051.72 |
| Posušje | 23 March 2022 | 5 June 2022 | 10 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 11 | +4 | 040.00 |
| Zvijezda 09 | 22 February 2023 | 15 June 2023 | 17 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 41 | 14 | +27 | 058.82 |
| GOŠK Gabela | 8 November 2023 | 12 February 2024 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 9 | −5 | 033.33 |
| Široki Brijeg | 3 June 2024 | 27 November 2024 | 15 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 27 | 23 | +4 | 033.33 |
| Total | Total | Total | 200 | 93 | 52 | 55 | 333 | 236 | +97 | 046.50 |
# Prades Mountains

Prades Mountains, also known as Muntanyes de Prades, is a large calcareous mountain massif straddling the comarcas of Alt Camp, Baix Camp, Conca de Barberà, Garrigues and Priorat, in Catalonia, Spain. They are a Site of Community Importance.
These mountains have characteristic large and rounded rocky outcrops. They are mostly heavily forested with oak and pine trees, and the non-native chestnut tree has adapted to the local forests.

## Geography

The range runs in an east to west direction and is part of the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range. The main peak is Tossal de la Baltasana (1203 m), other summits are Mola d'Estat (1127 m), Mola dels Quatre Termes (1117 m), La Mussara (1055 m), and Punta de la Barrina (1013 m). The 731 m high Tossal de la Creu is a visible landmark from the Poblet Monastery, located at the foot of the range.
The Francolí River has its source in these mountains as well as other minor local rivers.

## Municipalities

The Prades Mountains are a large massif with many smaller subranges extending over the following municipal terms: L'Albiol, Alcover, L'Aleixar, Alforja, Almoster, Arbolí, Capafonts, Cornudella de Montsant, L'Espluga de Francolí, La Febró, Montblanc, Mont-ral, La Pobla de Cérvoles, Prades, La Riba, La Selva del Camp, Ulldemolins, Vallclara, Vilaplana, Vilanova de Prades, Vilaverd, El Vilosell and Vimbodí i Poblet.

## Gallery

* The massive Pena Roja
* The ruined church of La Mussara, an abandoned town in the Serra de la Mussara, a subrange of the Prades Mountains
* A forest near Capafonts
# David Logan (Oregon politician)

David Logan (April 5, 1824 – March 26, 1874) was an American attorney and politician in the territory of and later state of Oregon. A native of Illinois, he moved to Oregon in 1850 where he served in the Oregon Territorial Legislature and in the Oregon Constitutional Convention. A founder of the Oregon Republican Party, he also served as mayor of Portland.

## Early life

David Logan was born in the state of Kentucky on April 5, 1824. The family later moved to the town of Springfield, Illinois. His father, Stephen T. Logan, practiced law as a partner with Abraham Lincoln in Springfield. David Logan studied law in Springfield under his father and Lincoln passing the bar in 1844 in Sangamon County. An anti-Democrat and Whig politically, Logan was to become a partner with Lincoln and his father in their practice before his drinking led to a falling out with his father. Due to this falling out, Logan's father sent him to join the army and fight in the Mexican–American War. David Logan also briefly moved to California. After Logan returned from the war, his father sent him to Oregon.
In 1850, Logan arrived in what was then the Oregon Territory and set up a law practice in Lafayette. He moved to Portland soon after and continued practicing law. The next year he ran for representative office in the Oregon Territorial Legislature for Yamhill County, but lost to Matthew P. Deady. Logan and Deady would have a long-running feud, Logan's drunkenness would continue to plague him, and further troubles included accusations of the rape of a Native American girl. On January 20, 1852, he represented the United States in a customs dispute with the Hudson's Bay Company at a court in Olympia, which was still part of the Oregon Territory at that time.

## Political career

In June 1854, Logan was elected to the Oregon Territorial Legislature to represent Washington County, which at that time included Portland and part of what later that year became Multnomah County. In 1857, he was elected to represent Multnomah County at the Oregon Constitutional Convention. Held from August to September in Salem, Logan was on the Judicial Department Committee. Though he voted against the adoption of the Oregon Constitution, the document was approved and became effective upon statehood on February 14, 1859. He also helped found the Oregon Republican Party.
Upon statehood, Logan stood as the new Republican Party's candidate for the state's seat in the House of Representatives. He lost in both 1859 and 1860 to Lansing Stout. Logan was elected as the Mayor of Portland on April 6, 1863, and served until April 1864 when Henry Failing was elected to the office. In 1868, he ran for Oregon's seat in Congress as the Republican nominee, losing to Joseph Showalter Smith.

## Later years

In 1862, he married Mary Porter Waldo; they had no children. Logan entered a partnership with Erasmus D. Shattuck in 1857, and remained a partner until 1874. In 1871, he partly retired to a farm in Yamhill County. On March 26, 1874, David Logan died in Yamhill County at the age of 49. He was called the "greatest jury lawyer of his time".
# Raúl Troncoso

Raúl Troncoso Castillo (27 April 1935−28 November 2004) was a Chilean politician and lawyer who served as Minister of the Interior, Minister of Denfense and as Minister General Secretariat of Government.
# Drosera intermedia

Drosera intermedia, commonly known as the oblong-leaved sundew, spoonleaf sundew, or spatulate leaved sundew, is an insectivorous plant species belonging to the sundew genus. It is a temperate or tropical species native to Europe, southeastern Canada, the eastern half of the United States, Cuba, Hispaniola, and northern South America.

## Description

Drosera intermedia is a perennial herb which forms a semi-erect stemless rosette of spatulate leaves up to 10 cm tall. Plants in temperate regions undergo dormancy during which they form a winter resting bud called a hibernaculum.
As is typical for sundews, the leaf blades are densely covered with stalked mucilaginous glands which secrete a sugary nectar to attract insects. These then become ensnared by the mucilage and, unless they are strong enough to escape, are suffocated or die from exhaustion. The plant then secretes digestive enzymes from sessile glands and later absorbs the resulting nutrient solution to supplement the poor mineral nutrition of the plants natural environment.
Drosera intermedia blooms from June through August, forming up to 15 cm. tall inflorescences bearing 3–8 white flowers. Fertilized ovaries swell to form egg-shaped dehiscent seed capsules which bear numerous tiny seeds.
* Leaf
* Flowers

## Distribution and habitat

Drosera intermedia is one of the most widely distributed species in the genus, and one of only three Drosera species native to Europe (the others are D. rotundifolia and D. anglica). It is also found in eastern North America, Cuba, and northern South America. The Cuban and South American forms are tropical and do not form hibernacula in the winter.
Drosera intermedia grows in sunny, but constantly moist habitats including bogs, fens, wet sandy shorelines and wet meadows. Since it is carnivorous, it is able to occupy relatively infertile habitats including wet sand and peat. It is a relatively weak competitor, and so is excluded from more fertile sites by competition from canopy-forming perennials. It can survive high water periods as buried seeds, and then re-establish when water levels fall.
# Marith Volp

Marie-Janne Judith "Marith" Volp (born 2 November 1972) is a Dutch politician and physician. On 3 September 2013, Volp was appointed as member of the Dutch House of Representatives, replacing Pierre Heijnen. Her term in the House ended on 23 March 2017.
# Loes Ypma

Loes Ypma (Dutch pronunciation:; born 20 February 1980) is a Dutch politician. As a member of the Labour Party (Partij van de Arbeid) she was an MP between 20 September 2012 and 23 March 2017. Previously she was a member of the municipal council of Woerden from 2001 to 2007 and subsequently an alderman of the same municipality from 2007 to 2012.
# Yordan Popyordanov

Yordan "Orce" Popyordanov (Bulgarian: Йордан (Орце) Пoпйopдaнoв; Macedonian: Јордан (Орце) Поп Јорданов; 1881 – April 17, 1903) was a Bulgarian revolutionary and anarchist in Ottoman Macedonia.

## Biography

After graduating from the Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki he joined the "Gemidzhii Circle", which in the spring of 1903 launched a campaign of Thessaloniki bombings of 1903 to draw world attention to the conditions in Macedonia under Ottoman rule. One of the buildings chosen was the French Ottoman Bank, which Orce was assigned to bomb through the underground passageway dug out weeks before by the Gemidzhii. Prior to the attacks, he visited Geneva to consult with Macedonian Supreme Committee leader Boris Sarafov about the attacks. He then received 10,000 Swiss francs from him. Popyordanov died in the explosion on April 17. On the eve of the attacks in Thessaloniki, Popyordanov insured his life for BGN 100,000. Orce's goal was that after his death the amount will be paid and deposited in the Supreme Macedonian Committee treasury.
# Troll-Elgen

Troll-Elgen is a novel from 1921 by Norwegian writer Mikkjel Fønhus. The story is about the large moose "Rauten" and the hunter "Gaupe", and ends up with both the hunter and the hunted losing their lives. The novel was adapted into a film in 1927.
His story collection Der Vildmarken suser and the follow-up novels Det skriker fra Kverrvilljuvet and Troll-Elgen, gave Fønhus a wide reputation for his ability to picture animal life.