# List of residents of 10 Downing Street

Number 10 Downing Street is the residence and office of the First Lord of the Treasury as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The headquarters of His Majesty's Government, it is situated on Downing Street in the City of Westminster in London, England.
Number 10 was originally three houses: a stately mansion overlooking St James's Park called "the house at the back" built around 1530, a modest townhouse behind it located at 10 Downing Street and a small cottage next to Number 10. The townhouse, from which the modern building gets its name, was one of several built by Sir George Downing between 1682 and 1684.
Below is a list of the residents of Number 10 and the House at the Back from 1650 to the present.

## Residents of Number 10 Downing Street and The House at the Back, 1650–present

Prime Ministers are indicated in bold.
| Name of resident(s) | Name of resident(s) | Offices(s) held while in residence (if any) | Year(s) in residence |
| The House at the Back: Before 1733 ||||
| George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham | George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham | Member of the Cabal Ministry | 1673–1676 |
| Edward Lee, 1st Earl of Lichfield | Edward Lee, 1st Earl of Lichfield | Master of the Horse | 1677–1690 |
| Henry Nassau, Lord Overkirk (formerly Auverquerque) | Henry Nassau, Lord Overkirk (formerly Auverquerque) | Master of the Horse | 1690–1708 |
| Frances Nassau, Lady Overkirk | Frances Nassau, Lady Overkirk | Widow of Lord Overkirk | 1708–1720 |
| Johann Caspar von Bothmar, Count Bothmar | Johann Caspar von Bothmar, Count Bothmar | Envoy from Hanover; advisor to George I and George II | 1720–1732 |
| Number 10 Downing Street: Before 1733 ||||
| The Countess of Yarmouth | The Countess of Yarmouth | — | 1688–1690 |
| Lord Lansdowne | Lord Lansdowne | — | 1692–1696 |
| Henry Nassau, Lord Overkirk, 1st Earl of Grantham | Henry Nassau, Lord Overkirk, 1st Earl of Grantham | Master of the Horse | 1699–1703 |
| Number 10 Downing Street, including the House at the Back: 1735 and After ||||
| | Between 1733 and 1735, the architect William Kent, under a commission from Sir Robert Walpole, combined Litchfield House and one of the Downing Street townhouses into one house, known since as Number 10 Downing Street, officially the residence of the First Lord of the Treasury. | Between 1733 and 1735, the architect William Kent, under a commission from Sir Robert Walpole, combined Litchfield House and one of the Downing Street townhouses into one house, known since as Number 10 Downing Street, officially the residence of the First Lord of the Treasury. | Between 1733 and 1735, the architect William Kent, under a commission from Sir Robert Walpole, combined Litchfield House and one of the Downing Street townhouses into one house, known since as Number 10 Downing Street, officially the residence of the First Lord of the Treasury. |
| Sir Robert Walpole | Sir Robert Walpole | First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1735–1742 |
| Samuel Sandys, later Baron Sandys | Samuel Sandys, later Baron Sandys | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1742–1744 |
| Earl of Lincoln | Earl of Lincoln | Prime Minister Henry Pelham's nephew and son-in-law | 1745–1753 |
| Lewis Watson | Lewis Watson | Prime Minister Henry Pelham's son-in-law | 1753–1754 |
| Henry Bilson-Legge | Henry Bilson-Legge | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1754–1761 |
| Thomas Pelham | Thomas Pelham | Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty | 1762 |
| Sir Francis Dashwood | Sir Francis Dashwood | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1762–1763 |
| George Grenville | George Grenville | First Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1763–1765 |
| William Dowdeswell | William Dowdeswell | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1765–1766 |
| | During 1766, Number 10 underwent extensive repairs and reconstruction. | During 1766, Number 10 underwent extensive repairs and reconstruction. | During 1766, Number 10 underwent extensive repairs and reconstruction. |
| Charles Townshend | Charles Townshend | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1766–1767 |
| Frederick North, Lord North | Frederick North, Lord North | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1767–1770 |
| Frederick North, Lord North | Frederick North, Lord North | First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1770–1782 |
| Sir John Cavendish (doubtful) | Sir John Cavendish (doubtful) | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1782 |
| William Pitt the Younger | William Pitt the Younger | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1782–1783 |
| William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland | William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland | First Lord of the Treasury | 1783 |
| | During 1783, Number 10 again underwent extensive repairs and alterations. | During 1783, Number 10 again underwent extensive repairs and alterations. | During 1783, Number 10 again underwent extensive repairs and alterations. |
| William Pitt the Younger | William Pitt the Younger | First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1783–1801 |
| Henry Addington | Henry Addington | First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1801–1804 |
| William Pitt the Younger | William Pitt the Younger | First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1804–1806 |
| | William Pitt lived in Number 10 for a total of twenty years, more than any Prime Minister before or since. This long residency helped to establish an association in the public mind between the house and the office. | William Pitt lived in Number 10 for a total of twenty years, more than any Prime Minister before or since. This long residency helped to establish an association in the public mind between the house and the office. | William Pitt lived in Number 10 for a total of twenty years, more than any Prime Minister before or since. This long residency helped to establish an association in the public mind between the house and the office. |
| William Wyndham Grenville, Lord Grenville | William Wyndham Grenville, Lord Grenville | First Lord of the Treasury | 1806–1807 |
| William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland | William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland | First Lord of the Treasury | 1807 |
| Spencer Perceval | Spencer Perceval | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1807–1809 |
| Spencer Perceval | Spencer Perceval | First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1809–1812 |
| Charles Arbuthnot | Charles Arbuthnot | Joint Secretary to the Treasury | 1810 |
| Nicholas Vansittart | Nicholas Vansittart | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1812–1823 |
| Frederick John Robinson | Frederick John Robinson | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1823–1827 |
| George Canning | George Canning | First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer | 1827–1828 |
| F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich | F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich | First Lord of the Treasury | 1827–1828 |
| Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington | Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington | First Lord of the Treasury | 1828–1830 |
| | For the first seven months of his ministry, Wellesley refused to live in Number 10 because he thought it too small. He moved in only because his home, Apsley House, required extensive repairs. He returned to Apsley House eighteen months later. | For the first seven months of his ministry, Wellesley refused to live in Number 10 because he thought it too small. He moved in only because his home, Apsley House, required extensive repairs. He returned to Apsley House eighteen months later. | For the first seven months of his ministry, Wellesley refused to live in Number 10 because he thought it too small. He moved in only because his home, Apsley House, required extensive repairs. He returned to Apsley House eighteen months later. |
| Earl of Bathurst | Earl of Bathurst | Lord President of the Council | 1830 |
| Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey | Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey | First Lord of the Treasury | 1830–1834 |
| Sir Thomas Fremantle | Sir Thomas Fremantle | Secretary to Sir Robert Peel | 1835 |
| | The residential part of Number 10 was vacant for three years from 1835 to 1838 during the Melbourne Ministry. | The residential part of Number 10 was vacant for three years from 1835 to 1838 during the Melbourne Ministry. | The residential part of Number 10 was vacant for three years from 1835 to 1838 during the Melbourne Ministry. |
| The Hon William Cowper and G. E. Anson | The Hon William Cowper and G. E. Anson | Private secretaries to Lord Melbourne | 1838 |
| G. E. Anson | G. E. Anson | Private secretary to Lord Melbourne | 1839–1840 |
| Edward Drummond | Edward Drummond | Private secretary to Sir Robert Peel | 1842 |
| Edward Drummond and W. H. Stephenson | Edward Drummond and W. H. Stephenson | Chief private secretary and junior private secretary to Sir Robert Peel | 1843 |
| W. H. Stephenson and George Arbuthnot | W. H. Stephenson and George Arbuthnot | Chief private secretary and junior private secretary to Sir Robert Peel | 1844–1846 |
| George Keppel, Charles Grey, and R.W. Grey | George Keppel, Charles Grey, and R.W. Grey | Private secretaries to Lord John Russell | 1847 |
| | The residential part of Number 10 was vacant for the next thirty years and the house was used only for Cabinet meetings and office space. | The residential part of Number 10 was vacant for the next thirty years and the house was used only for Cabinet meetings and office space. | The residential part of Number 10 was vacant for the next thirty years and the house was used only for Cabinet meetings and office space. |
| | In 1877, Disraeli ordered extensive repairs and redecorating of Number 10 so that he could live there, as did Gladstone during his 1880–85 ministry. From this time, every First Lord has lived in Number 10, although not all were also Prime Minister. | In 1877, Disraeli ordered extensive repairs and redecorating of Number 10 so that he could live there, as did Gladstone during his 1880–85 ministry. From this time, every First Lord has lived in Number 10, although not all were also Prime Minister. | In 1877, Disraeli ordered extensive repairs and redecorating of Number 10 so that he could live there, as did Gladstone during his 1880–85 ministry. From this time, every First Lord has lived in Number 10, although not all were also Prime Minister. |
| Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield | Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield | First Lord of the Treasury | 1877–1880 |
| William Ewart Gladstone | William Ewart Gladstone | First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer (April 1880 – December 1882) | 1880–1885 |
| Sir Stafford Northcote | Sir Stafford Northcote | First Lord of the Treasury | 1885–1886 |
| William Ewart Gladstone | William Ewart Gladstone | First Lord of the Treasury | 1886 |
| Lord Salisbury | Lord Salisbury | First Lord of the Treasury | 1886–1887 |
| | Salisbury lived at his home at 20 Arlington Street in St James's in 1887–92 and 1895–1902. | Salisbury lived at his home at 20 Arlington Street in St James's in 1887–92 and 1895–1902. | Salisbury lived at his home at 20 Arlington Street in St James's in 1887–92 and 1895–1902. |
| William Henry Smith | William Henry Smith | First Lord of the Treasury | 1887–1891 |
| Arthur Balfour | Arthur Balfour | First Lord of the Treasury | 1891–1892 |
| William Ewart Gladstone | William Ewart Gladstone | First Lord of the Treasury, Lord Privy Seal | 1892–1894 |
| Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery | Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery | First Lord of the Treasury, Lord President of the Council | 1894–1895 |
| Arthur Balfour | Arthur Balfour | First Lord of the Treasury, Leader of the House of Commons | 1895–1902 |
| | Since 1902, every Prime Minister has officially resided in Number 10 although several actually lived elsewhere as noted below. Also, since then, all have held the official legal office of First Lord of the Treasury; none have held the post of Chancellor of the Exchequer while PM as was often the case previously, with the exception of Stanley Baldwin between May and August 1923. | Since 1902, every Prime Minister has officially resided in Number 10 although several actually lived elsewhere as noted below. Also, since then, all have held the official legal office of First Lord of the Treasury; none have held the post of Chancellor of the Exchequer while PM as was often the case previously, with the exception of Stanley Baldwin between May and August 1923. | Since 1902, every Prime Minister has officially resided in Number 10 although several actually lived elsewhere as noted below. Also, since then, all have held the official legal office of First Lord of the Treasury; none have held the post of Chancellor of the Exchequer while PM as was often the case previously, with the exception of Stanley Baldwin between May and August 1923. |
| Arthur Balfour | Arthur Balfour | First Lord of the Treasury | 1902–1905 |
| Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman | Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman | First Lord of the Treasury | 1905–1907 |
| H. H. Asquith | H. H. Asquith | First Lord of the Treasury (and Secretary of State for War: January–August 1914) | 1907–1916 |
| David Lloyd George | David Lloyd George | First Lord of the Treasury | 1916–1922 |
| Bonar Law | Bonar Law | First Lord of the Treasury | 1922–1923 |
| Stanley Baldwin | Stanley Baldwin | First Lord of the Treasury (and Chancellor of the Exchequer: May–August 1923) | 1923–1924 |
| Ramsay MacDonald | Ramsay MacDonald | First Lord of the Treasury and Foreign Secretary | 1924 |
| Stanley Baldwin | Stanley Baldwin | First Lord of the Treasury | 1924–1929 |
| Ramsay MacDonald | Ramsay MacDonald | First Lord of the Treasury | 1929–1935 |
| Stanley Baldwin | Stanley Baldwin | First Lord of the Treasury | 1935–1937 |
| Neville Chamberlain | Neville Chamberlain | First Lord of the Treasury | 1937–1940 |
| Winston Churchill | Winston Churchill | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister of Defence | 1940–1945 |
| | For his safety, Churchill lived in the heavily bunkered Annex of Number 10 during most of the Second World War. However, he did insist on using Number 10 for work and dining. | For his safety, Churchill lived in the heavily bunkered Annex of Number 10 during most of the Second World War. However, he did insist on using Number 10 for work and dining. | For his safety, Churchill lived in the heavily bunkered Annex of Number 10 during most of the Second World War. However, he did insist on using Number 10 for work and dining. |
| Clement Attlee | Clement Attlee | First Lord of the Treasury | 1945–1951 |
| Sir Winston Churchill | Sir Winston Churchill | First Lord of the Treasury | 1951–1955 |
| Sir Anthony Eden | Sir Anthony Eden | First Lord of the Treasury | 1955–1956 |
| Harold Macmillan | Harold Macmillan | First Lord of the Treasury | 1957–1960 |
| | Macmillan lived in Admiralty House from 1960 to 1964 while Number 10 was restored. Completely gutted, and carefully dismantled, the house was then meticulously rebuilt on deep foundations using as much of the original materials as possible. | Macmillan lived in Admiralty House from 1960 to 1964 while Number 10 was restored. Completely gutted, and carefully dismantled, the house was then meticulously rebuilt on deep foundations using as much of the original materials as possible. | Macmillan lived in Admiralty House from 1960 to 1964 while Number 10 was restored. Completely gutted, and carefully dismantled, the house was then meticulously rebuilt on deep foundations using as much of the original materials as possible. |
| Sir Alec Douglas-Home | Sir Alec Douglas-Home | First Lord of the Treasury | 1964 |
| Harold Wilson | Harold Wilson | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 1964–1970 |
| Edward Heath | Edward Heath | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 1970–1974 |
| Harold Wilson | Harold Wilson | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 1974–1976 |
| | During his second ministry, Wilson maintained the public illusion of living in Number 10 even though he actually lived in his house at 5 Lord North Street in Westminster. | During his second ministry, Wilson maintained the public illusion of living in Number 10 even though he actually lived in his house at 5 Lord North Street in Westminster. | During his second ministry, Wilson maintained the public illusion of living in Number 10 even though he actually lived in his house at 5 Lord North Street in Westminster. |
| James Callaghan | James Callaghan | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 1976–1979 |
| Margaret Thatcher | Margaret Thatcher | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 1979–1990 |
| John Major | John Major | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 1990–1997 |
| | In 1991, the Provisional IRA launched a mortar bomb at Number 10, blowing out windows and leaving a large crater in the back yard. Major vacated the house during repairs. | In 1991, the Provisional IRA launched a mortar bomb at Number 10, blowing out windows and leaving a large crater in the back yard. Major vacated the house during repairs. | In 1991, the Provisional IRA launched a mortar bomb at Number 10, blowing out windows and leaving a large crater in the back yard. Major vacated the house during repairs. |
| Tony Blair | Tony Blair | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 1997–2007 |
| | Shortly after taking office in 1997, Blair agreed to swap apartments with his Chancellor, Gordon Brown, since the flat at Number 11 was larger and more suited to his larger family. Brown remained at Number 10 after he succeeded to the premiership in 2007, thus spending a full calendar decade, the 2000s, resident in the house, as Thatcher had done in the 1980s. | Shortly after taking office in 1997, Blair agreed to swap apartments with his Chancellor, Gordon Brown, since the flat at Number 11 was larger and more suited to his larger family. Brown remained at Number 10 after he succeeded to the premiership in 2007, thus spending a full calendar decade, the 2000s, resident in the house, as Thatcher had done in the 1980s. | Shortly after taking office in 1997, Blair agreed to swap apartments with his Chancellor, Gordon Brown, since the flat at Number 11 was larger and more suited to his larger family. Brown remained at Number 10 after he succeeded to the premiership in 2007, thus spending a full calendar decade, the 2000s, resident in the house, as Thatcher had done in the 1980s. |
| Gordon Brown | Gordon Brown | Chancellor of the Exchequer (1997–2007) First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service (2007–2010) | 2007–2010 |
| David Cameron | David Cameron | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 2010–2016 |
| | Cameron agreed to swap apartments with his Chancellor, George Osborne, for similar reasons to Blair. | Cameron agreed to swap apartments with his Chancellor, George Osborne, for similar reasons to Blair. | Cameron agreed to swap apartments with his Chancellor, George Osborne, for similar reasons to Blair. |
| Theresa May | Theresa May | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service | 2016–2019 |
| | May chose to live in Number 11 while her Chancellor, Philip Hammond, resided at Number 10. | May chose to live in Number 11 while her Chancellor, Philip Hammond, resided at Number 10. | May chose to live in Number 11 while her Chancellor, Philip Hammond, resided at Number 10. |
| Boris Johnson | Boris Johnson | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Minister for the Union | 2019–2022 |
| | Prime Minister Boris Johnson lived in the flat above Number 11, while his first Chancellor Sajid Javid lived in Number 10. | Prime Minister Boris Johnson lived in the flat above Number 11, while his first Chancellor Sajid Javid lived in Number 10. | Prime Minister Boris Johnson lived in the flat above Number 11, while his first Chancellor Sajid Javid lived in Number 10. |
| Liz Truss | Liz Truss | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Minister for the Union | 2022 |
| Rishi Sunak | Rishi Sunak | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Minister for the Union | 2022–2024 |
| | In a break with recent tradition, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak moved into the Number 10 flat where he previously resided as Chancellor, while his Chancellor Jeremy Hunt moved into the Number 11 flat. | In a break with recent tradition, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak moved into the Number 10 flat where he previously resided as Chancellor, while his Chancellor Jeremy Hunt moved into the Number 11 flat. | In a break with recent tradition, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak moved into the Number 10 flat where he previously resided as Chancellor, while his Chancellor Jeremy Hunt moved into the Number 11 flat. |
| Keir Starmer | Keir Starmer | First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Minister for the Union | 2024–present |
| | Starmer chose to live in the flat above Number 11 while his Chancellor, Rachel Reeves, resided at Number 10. | Starmer chose to live in the flat above Number 11 while his Chancellor, Rachel Reeves, resided at Number 10. | Starmer chose to live in the flat above Number 11 while his Chancellor, Rachel Reeves, resided at Number 10. |