OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Death by a Thousand Cuts (disambiguation)

Death by a thousand cuts is a form of torture and execution originating from Imperial China.
Death by a Thousand Cuts may also refer to:
* Death by a thousand cuts (psychology), the way a major negative change which happens slowly in many unnoticed increments is not perceived as objectionable
* Death by a Thousand Cuts (album), a 2002 album by the band Leng Tch'e
* Death by a Thousand Cuts (book), a 2008 non-fiction book about a form of torture and capital punishment in Imperial China
* "Death by a Thousand Cuts" (song), by Taylor Swift from the album Lover, 2019
* "Death by a Thousand Cuts", a song by Bullet for My Valentine from the album Bullet for My Valentine, 2021
* "Death by a Thousand Cuts", a 2021 song by Like a Storm
# A Thousand Cuts

A Thousand Cuts may refer to:
* A Thousand Cuts (2012 film), an American thriller film directed by Charles Evered
* A Thousand Cuts (2020 film), a Philippine-American documentary film directed by Ramona Diaz
* A Thousand Cuts (2024 film), a Canadian comedy film directed by Jake Horowitz
# Theo, Mississippi

Theo is an unincorporated community in Alcorn County, Mississippi, United States. Theo is located about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south of the Tennessee border. The community is on U.S. Highway 72 about 12 miles (19 km) west of Corinth.
Located in a subtropical environment, the area has a mosaic forest, with notably hot, humid summers.

## Services

Theo is a small, rural residential community with few services.
Emergency services are provided by the Union Center Theo Volunteer Fire Department, across the Tippah County line in Walnut, Mississippi.
Theo does not have its own post office as of 2014; it shares ZIP code 38834 with Kossuth and Corinth. However, at some time in the past, it did have its own post office. In the late 19th century it had between 20 and 68 residents. In the 1890s, the area was quite busy, and while there were roads and several post offices in surrounding communities, there was no train station in Theo.
# Sungai Panjang

Sungai Panjang is a mukim in Sabak Bernam District, Selangor, Malaysia.

## Notable residents

* Dr Mohammad Khir Toyo former Menteri Besar (First Minister) of Selangor
# John Kemp (mathematician)

Prof John Kemp FRSE LLD (1763–1812) was a Scottish mathematician, who settled in the U.S. state of New York for most of his life.

## Life

He was born on 10 April 1763 at Achlossan near Aboyne in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the son of a farmer. He studied Mathematics at Aberdeen University and graduated in 1783. In the same year he emigrated to the United States of America, settling first in Virginia then moving to New York] in 1785.
In 1786 he successfully applied to become Professor of Mathematics at Columbia College (later Columbia University), aged only 23. In 1795 he began teaching Geography in addition to Mathematics and in 1799 he also began teaching Natural Philosophy (Physics).
In 1792 he was elected a Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were James Gregory, Daniel Rutherford and John Playfair. He was not (as some records claim) one of the founders of the Society in 1783.
In 1810 he visited Lake Erie in relation to an assessment of the then-proposed canal project, and considered it wholly viable.
He died in New York on 15 November 1812 following a long illness. He married twice but both wives died. One daughter (by his first marriage) survived him.
# Stjørna IL

Stjørna Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club from Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The club is based in Råkvåg, at the inner part of the Stjørnfjorden on the Fosen peninsula. It has sections for football, track and field, basketball, Nordic skiing, biathlon, and swimming.
Råkvåg Stadion is the home ground for the football team.

## History
### Founding and early history (1932–2000)

The sports club was founded on 3 December 1932 as the sports club for Stjørna Municipality (now part of Ørland Municipality and Indre Fosen Municipality). Initially, the main sports were skiing and track and field, especially cross-country skiing and running. The relay called Stjørnastafetten has been arranged every year since 1945. Stjørna established the annual ski marathon called Stjørnfjellrennet in 1949 in cooperation with IL Fjellørnen. The ski marathon has since had participants like the Grønningen brothers.
On 5 July 1973 Råkvåg IL was incorporated into Stjørna IL. At the end of the 1970s, the home ground named Råkvåg stadion was finished. That led to a lot of interest in football, and both junior and senior teams were created. The senior teams were dissolved after the 1991 season due to lack of players. A section for handball was created in 1973 and then again dissolved by 1993.

### Recent history (2000–)

During the 2000s, Stjørna had a section for bow and arrow, and athletes from Stjørna took plural medals at national championships. On 1 October 2012 a basketball team named Stjørna Sailors was created, the first of its kind on Fosen.
After a growing interest in the community, a male senior team in football was recreated on 1 November 2019. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the comeback season of 2020 has been postponed. Nevertheless, 29 years without a senior team wearing the orange club kit is soon to be over.
# Wickaboxet Management Area

Wickaboxet State Forest is a 678 acre state management area on Plain Meeting House Road in West Greenwich, Rhode Island. It was founded in 1932.
# Carex melinacra

Carex melinacra is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to south central parts of China in Yunnan and Sichuan.
# Stjørnfjord

Stjørnfjorden is an arm of Trondheimsfjorden that flows along the border of Ørland Municipality and Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 20-kilometre (12 mi) long fjord stretches southwest from the mouth of the Nordelva river near the village of Råkvåg to the Trondheimsfjord near Brekstad and Austrått. The inner part of the fjord splits into two smaller arms, the Nordfjord and Sørfjord. The Bjugnfjorden lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) north of the fjord.
The village of Austrått, which includes the Austrått manor, is located on the northern shore near the outlet of the Stjørnfjorden into the Trondheimsfjord. The village of Høybakken and Heggvik Church lie on the north side of the fjord. On the south side is Fevåg on the far side of Bakstein point. Skerries stick up where the fjord parts into two arms. The village of Råkvåg is located on the south side of the Nordfjord, while the village of Mælan is located at the terminus of the Sørfjord. Historically, the area surrounding the fjord was part of Stjørna Municipality from 1899-1964 when the municipality was dissolved.
Norwegian County Road 718 goes along the south shore of the fjord, while Norwegian County Road 231 goes along a portion of the north shore.
# Manikhira

Manikhira is a village in Gaighata CD Block in Bangaon subdivision of the North Twenty Four Parganas district in the state of West Bengal, India.

## Geography

It is situated 9.1 km away from CD Block/ sub-district headquarters Gaighata and 42.8 km away from district headquarters Barasat.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India, Manikhira had a total population of 2,898, of which 1,474 (51%) were males and 1,424 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 238. The total number of literates in Manikhara was 2,111 (79.36% of the population over 6 years).

## Transport

It is on the Thakurnagar-Ramchandrapur Road, which links Manikhira to NH 112 (Jessore Road). The nearest railway station is at Thakurnagar.

## Healthcare

Chandpara Rural Hospital, the main medical facility in Gaighata CD Block, is located at Thakurnagar. The Bhaduria primary health centre at Ramchandrapur is located nearby.
# Wagner Oliveira

Wagner Oliveira (born 21 August 1959) is a Brazilian former professional footballer and manager who played as a forward.

## Player career

Nicknamed the "Man of Steel" (Portuguese: Homem de Aço) because he was originally from the Vale do Aço region in Minas Gerais, Wagner was the highlight of América Mineiro and the state's top scorer in 1981. Wagnrt later played for Bangu, Joinville and Fortaleza, becoming state champion. He ended his career at Guarani, after the final of the 1987 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A.

## Managerial career

As a coach, Wagner Oliveira managed clubs in different regions of Brazil, with notable spells at Uberlândia, Joinville América Mineiro, América de Natal, Estrela do Norte and Real Noroeste. His last club was Iraty SC in 2019.

## Honours
### Player
#### Joinville

* Campeonato Catarinense: 1983

#### Individual

* 1981 Campeonato Mineiro top scorer: 16 goals

### Manager
#### Uberlândia

* Taça Minas Gerais: 2003

#### Joinville

* Campeonato Catarinense Série B: 2006

#### Estrela do Norte

* Campeonato Capixaba: 2014

#### Real Noroeste

* Copa ES: 2015
# Arifa Khalid Pervaiz

Arifa Khalid Pervaiz (Urdu: عارفہ خالد پروین) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan (Parliament of Pakistan), from June 2013 to May 2018. She has played a major role in reforming Education, Women Empowerment, and Medical Renovation in Pakistan. She has served over 10 years in the Parliament of Pakistan.

## Education

She has completed her master's in child development from Government College of Home Economics and completed her master's in International Policy and Practice from the Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University.

## Political career

She was elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) in 2008 Pakistani general election.
She was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan (Parliament of Pakistan) as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) on a reserved seat for women in the 2013 Pakistani general election.
She was also elected to the Provincial Assembly of Punjab (Parliament of Punjab) on a reserved seat for women in 2008.
# Krzeczkowo-Mianowskie

Krzeczkowo-Mianowskie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czyżew-Osada, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Czyżew-Osada, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Wysokie Mazowieckie, and 64 km (40 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.
# Agathobacter rectalis

Agathobacter rectalis (formerly Eubacterium rectale) is a Gram-positive, butyrate-producing, anaerobic, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of Agathobacter with a single flagellate which occur in the rumen content of sheep and cows.
# Plogastel-Saint-Germain

Plogastel-Saint-Germain (French pronunciation:; Breton: Plogastell-Sant-Jermen) is a commune in the department of Finistère, in the Brittany region, 15 km west of Quimper. Belonging to Pays Bigouden, within the former political and religious region of Cornouaille, its territory of 31 km2 has a resolutely rural character. There is still a large majority of cultivated land and agricultural areas (80% of its area), not to mention forests (10%) and meadows (8%).The municipalities (or old municipalities, urban areas) bordering Ploegastel-Saint-Germain include: Gourlizon, Landudec, Peumerit，Plonéour-Lanvern, Plovan, Pluguffan,Plozévet.

## Population

Inhabitants of Plogastel-Saint-Germain are called in French Plogastellois.
# Eric Lucas (politician)

Eric James Lucas (born 21 January 1937) is a retired South African politician who represented the Inkatha Freedom Party (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 2013. He resigned from his seat in January 2013.

## Parliamentary career: 1994–2013

Lucas was born on 21 January 1937. He was elected to the National Assembly in the 1994 general election, South Africa's first under universal suffrage. He served for close to four consecutive terms, gaining re-election in 1999, 2004, and 2009; he represented the KwaZulu-Natal constituency. He resigned from his seat on 15 January 2013 and was replaced by Sibongile Nkomo.
In September 2013, the Mail & Guardian published investigative reporting which purported to uncover possible misconduct by Lucas during his term in Parliament, in particular in connection with a Gold Fields mining deal concluded in 2010, when Lucas was a member of the Portfolio Committee on Mineral Resources. AmaBhungane said it had seen a leaked copy of a 2010 memo by the personal assistant of Gayton McKenzie, who had acted as a consultant on the deal. In the memo, McKenzie advised that Lucas should be awarded shares because he had "played a pivotal role in lobbying for the South Deep license" (a mining license required by Gold Field for deal to go through). Further investigation by American law firm Paul, Weiss found that Lucas had "nominate[d] Nicole Lucas [his daughter] to represent his interests", since it would be inappropriate for him to receive the shares personally; Paul, Weiss concluded that Gold Fields had used a front company to conceal the award of shares to Lucas (and to his colleague Musa Zondi), possibly as a form of influence-peddling and possibly in breach of anti-corruption laws. Lucas did not respond to the allegations.
# Cyril George

Cyril Maurice George (died 6 January 2022) was a South African politician who represented the National Party (NP) and New National Party (NNP) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 1999. He later served as a local councillor in eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, representing variously the NNP, the Democratic Alliance (DA), and the African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP).

## Political career

George was born in 1947 or 1948 and was formerly an educator. He was elected to the National Assembly in the 1994 general election, representing the NP; he served a single term and left after the 1999 general election.
He later served as a local councillor in Durban's eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality. He crossed the floor twice: initially elected as a representative of the DA, he defected back to the NNP in October 2002 and then from the NNP to the ACDP in September 2004. He remained with the ACDP thereafter.

## Personal life

George was married to Brenda George (née Young), with whom he had three children and several grandchildren. He was Christian and lived in Sydenham, Durban after his retirement. He died on 6 January 2022, aged 74, due to complications from COVID-19.
# Pieter Grobbelaar (politician)

Pieter Willem Grobbelaar (born 13 September 1944) is a retired South African politician who represented the Freedom Front (FF) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 1999. He was elected in the 1994 general election as one of the party's nine representatives in the assembly.
Though he stood for re-election in 1999, he was ranked eighth on the FF's national party list and therefore failed to gain re-election.
# Roelie Groenewald

Rudolph Hendrik "Roelie" Groenewald (born 14 July 1950) is a South African politician who represented the National Party (NP) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 1999. He was elected to his seat in the 1994 general election and served as his party's deputy spokesman on justice.
Groenewald stood for re-election in 1999 as a candidate for the New National Party, the NP's successor. However, he was ranked 8th on the regional party list for Gauteng and therefore failed to gain re-election.
# Francois Jacobsz

Francois Paul Jacobsz is a South African politician representing the National Party (NP) in Parliament. He served in the House of Assembly during apartheid, representing a constituency in the former Transvaal, and he was also elected to a seat in the new National Assembly in South Africa's first post-apartheid elections in 1994. However, he did not complete his term.
Jacobsz is an economist by profession and attended Grey College in Bloemfontein. Ahead of the 2004 general election, when the NP was defunct, News24 reported that he was supporting the Freedom Front Plus.
# Sophie Maine

Makatse Sophia Maine (15 January 1948 – 18 August 2020) was a South African politician from the North West. She represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 2009 and was a former chairperson of the ANC Women's League in the Western Transvaal.

## Early life and activism

Maine was born on 15 January 1948. She rose to prominence through the ANC Women's League in present-day North West Province and served as inaugural chairperson of the league's branch in Ipelegeng in Schweizer-Reneke after the league was relaunched in 1990. She was later elected as regional chairperson of the league in the broader Western Transvaal.

## Legislative career: 1994–2009

In South Africa's first post-apartheid elections in 1994, Maine was elected to represent the ANC in the National Assembly, the lower house of the new South African Parliament. She served three terms, gaining re-election in 1999 and 2004, and served the North West constituency. During her third term, she was appointed as the ANC's whip in the Portfolio Committee on Water Affairs and Forestry.

### Travelgate conviction

In August 2004, the Scorpions named Maine as one of several politicians who was under investigation in connection with the Travelgate scandal, which involved the widespread abuse of parliamentary air-travel vouchers. During related liquidation inquiries, it had been alleged that Maine had made unauthorised claims for car hire and hotel stays worth over R200,000; she said that the travel agency had told her that she was allowed to claim the benefits from Parliament. She faced criminal charges and in October 2006 accepted a plea deal, in terms of which she pled guilty to a single count of fraud in relation to R206,000 in service benefits. She was sentenced to pay a fine of R100,000, in lieu of serving five years' imprisonment, and was additionally handed a mandatory five-year prison sentence suspended conditionally for five years.
Maine and other convicted politicians received a formal reprimand during a parliamentary sitting in March 2007. In August 2007, the ANC announced that she had been demoted from her position as a committee whip. She left Parliament after the next general election in 2009.

## Death

Maine died on 18 August 2020 after a short illness. The provincial government of the North West granted her a special provincial official funeral.
# Webster Mfebe

Mthawelanga Webster Mfebe (born 14 July 1959) is a South African businessman, politician, and former trade unionist. He has been the chief executive officer of the South African Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors since 2013.
Before entering business full-time, Mfebe represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 1996 and then in the Free State Provincial Legislature from 1996 to 2004. He was the Free State's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Sports, Arts, Culture, Science and Technology from 1997 to 2004.

## Early life and career

Born on 14 July 1959, Mfebe rose to political prominence during apartheid through the trade union movement and Mass Democratic Movement.

## Legislative career

In South Africa's first post-apartheid elections in 1994, Mfebe was elected to an ANC seat in the National Assembly. He remained in the seat until 1996, when he resigned in order to join the Free State Provincial Legislature; he was sworn in on 18 December. He was also appointed to Premier Ivy Matsepe-Casaburri's Executive Council as MEC for Sport, Arts, Culture, Science and Technology. During his first year in the portfolio, his department held the inaugural Mangaung African Cultural Festival (Macufe), an arts festival that thereafter became an annual event.
In the 1999 general election, Mfebe was elected to a full term in the provincial legislature, and newly elected Premier Winkie Direko retained him in his position as MEC. He left the provincial government after the next general election in 2004.

## Later career

From 2005 to 2009, Mfebe worked at the SABC, where, among other positions, he was head of sport. From 2009 to 2012, he was executive director for stakeholder relations at Basil Read, a construction company. He also had his own consulting company, Phendula Consulting, as well as non-executive directorships in other companies.
On 1 January 2013, he took office as chief executive officer of the South African Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors (SAFCEC; since renamed the South African Forum of Civil Engineering Contractors), a not-for-profit employers' organisation in the civil engineering sector. In this capacity, Mfebe has occasionally attracted media attention as a critic of government policies, for example through a 2019 open letter he wrote to President Cyril Ramaphosa about the power of extortion rackets targeting the construction sector.
# Wilson Buzzone

Wilson Buzzone (19 November 1938 – 2 November 2023), was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

Having started his career as a goalkeeper at the amateur team Ginásio Paulista, he was switched to center forward when he arrived at São Paulo FC, but did not adapt. He played for Nacional and later for Juventus, the team where he spent most of his career, with 72 appearances and 48 goals. He also played for Jabaquara, Palmeiras and had a spell in Peruvian football with Sport Boys. He was also part of the champion squad of the second division of São Paulo with Bragantino.

## Honours
### Bragantino

* Campeonato Paulista Série A2: 1965

## Death

Buzzone died in São Paulo, 2 November 2023, aged 84.
# Tigran Ulikhanyan

Tigran Ulikhanyan (December 18, 1983, Kirovakan, Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, USSR) was a member of the National Assembly of Armenia from January 2019 until June 2020. On February 2, 2019, he was appointed to the NA Standing Committee on Financial-Credit and Budgetary Affairs.

## Biography

Tigran Ulikhanyan was born in Vanadzor, Soviet Armenia, on December 18, 1983.
From 2003 to 2005, he served in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Armenia.
Until 2008, Ulikhanyan studied at the Department of Management, Armenian State University of Economics (ASUE), obtaining the qualification of an Economist Manager.
From 2008 to 2011 Ulikhanyan was the director of Resonance and Radio Communication, a limited liability company (LLC) based in Yerevan. Between 2014 and 2016, he worked as a researcher and later also a surveillance division specialist at the universal credit organization (UCO) FINCA Later, from 2016 until 2018, he was the director of Atica Shin, a limited liability company specializing in development. From May 2018 until January 2019, Ulikhanyan served as a deputy director of the State Supervision Service.
A member of the seventh convocation of the National Assembly between 2019 and 2020, Ulikhanyan served as a member of the Standing Committee on Financial-Credit and Budgetary Affairs.
A deputy chief of the State Supervision Service from 2020 onwards, he later took over for the agency's chief.
On January 15, 2021, Ulikhanyan was appointed as the chief of the State Supervision Service.

## Political activity

Since 2015, Ulikhanyan has been a founding member of the Civil Contract party .
On December 9, 2018, he was elected to the National Assembly as a representative of My Step Alliance.

## Family

Tigran Ulikhanyan is married and has five children.
# Krzemianka

Krzemianka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jeleniewo, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) west of Jeleniewo, 14 km (9 mi) north of Suwałki, and 122 km (76 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.
# Antarcticimicrobium

Antarcticimicrobium is a bacterial genus from the family Rhodobacteraceae.