OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George W. Housner

George W. Housner (December 9, 1910 in Saginaw, Michigan – November 10, 2008 in Pasadena, California) was a professor of earthquake engineering at the California Institute of Technology and National Medal of Science laureate.

## Biography

Housner received his bachelor's degree in civil engineering from the University of Michigan where he was influenced by Stephen Timoshenko. He earned his masters' (1934) and doctoral (1941) degrees from the California Institute of Technology where he had been a professor of earthquake engineering from 1945 to 1981, and professor emeritus thereafter. In 2000, he received an honorary Doctor of Science from the University of Southern California.
Annually, in recognition of those who made extraordinary contributions to the earthquake safety research, practices and policies, EERI awards The George W. Housner Medal of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute. On his death, Housner left a substantial gift to EERI "to advance the objectives of EERI". This gift has been used to train future earthquake engineering policy advocates and thought leaders through the EERI Housner Fellows Program, which has been active since 2011.
Housner died of natural causes November 10, 2008 in Pasadena, California at the age of 97.

## Partial list of achievements

* Chairman of the earthquake engineering research committee of the National Academy of Sciences
* Founding Member of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute
* UNESCO representative to International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering in Tokyo
* AEC advisory panel on safety against ground shock
* AID consultant at University of Roorkee, India
* Chairman of Geologic Hazards Advisory Committee for Organization for the California State Resources Agency
* Chairman of Panel on Aseismic Design and Testing of Nuclear Facilities for International Atomic Energy Agency
* Member of Los Angeles County Earthquake Commission
* Member of Earthquake Engineering and Hazards Reduction Delegation to People's Republic of China
* Consultant to Japanese Atomic Energy Commission and Italian Nuclear Energy Commission and numerous nuclear energy projects in the U.S.
* International Association for Earthquake Engineering (IAEE) President (1969–1973)
* Elected to National Academy of Sciences 1972
* Named Braun Professor of Engineering at Caltech 1974
* Chairman of Earthquake Earthquake Engineering Committee and the Committee on Dam Safety of the National Research Council (NRC)
* Delivered second Mallet-Milne memorial lecture for Society for Earthquake and Civil Engineering Dynamics in London, 1989
# Karavayinka

Karavayinka (Russian: Караваинка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Gornobalykleyskoye Rural Settlement, Dubovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 102 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.

## Geography

Karavayinka is located in steppe, on the west bank of the Volgograd Reservoir, 93 km northeast of Dubovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Studenovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Submission (1976 film)

Submission (Italian: Scandalo, 'Scandal') is an Italian film filmed in technicolor and directed by Salvatore Samperi based on his own script written in collaboration with Ottavio Jemma, according to Samperi. It belongs to the drama and erotic genres and had as principal actors Franco Nero, Lisa Gastoni, Raymond Pellegrin and Andréa Ferréol.

## Plot

On a 1940 France, just before the great invasion, Eliane is a pharmacist who is married to her dull husband and has a teenage daughter. Eliane is an attractive woman who has let her passion fall dormant.
One evening, the pharmacy clerk makes a pass at her when he thinks she is another girl. Soon she lets the passion overtake her and she begins an affair with her employee. Armand, the pharmacy clerk, starts making ever-growing demands to Eliane, forcing her to have sex under the pharmacy counter and undress in front of a female employee of the pharmacy (who is also having an affair with Armand), among others demands, effectively turning her into his sex slave.
When Eliane finally let herself admit her submission to Armand, he demands her teenage daughter to prove she'd do anything for him.

## Cast

* Franco Nero as Armand
* Lisa Gastoni as Eliane Michoud
* Raymond Pellegrin as Prof. Henri Michoud
* Andréa Ferréol as Juliette
* Claudia Marsani as Justine Michoud
* Carla Calò as Carmen
# Itaipé

Itaipé is a Brazilian municipality located in the northeast of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was estimated to be 12,836 people living in a total area of 483 km$^2$. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Vale do Mucuri and to the microregion of Teófilo Otoni. It became a municipality in 1962.
Itaipé is located on at an elevation of 847 meters, 66 km. northwest of Teófilo Otoni. The distance to the state capital, Belo Horizonte, is 530 km. Neighboring municipalities are: Novo Cruzeiro, Caraí, Catuji, and Ladainha.
The name is of Tupi origin and means "Path of Stones", due to the presence in the region of many interesting rock formations. The most spectacular is Pedra do Chifre, with an elevation of 1,100 meters, and located on the municipal boundary of Itaipé and Teófilo Otoni. There are also many waterfalls in the region including Cachoeira das Bicas, 3 km. from the city center.
The town began as a district of Araçuai and later Novo Cruzeiro, becoming a municipality in 1962.
The main economic activities are services, small industries, and agriculture. The GDP in 2005 was R$37 million, with 20 million from services, 3 million from industry, and 12 million from agriculture. There were 1,232 rural producers on 38,000 hectares of land. Only 16 farms had tractors (2006). Approximately 4,100 persons were dependent on agriculture. The main crops were coffee, sugarcane, beans and corn. There were 6,000 head of cattle (2006). There was one bank (2007) and 347 automobiles (556 motorcycles), giving a ratio of 33 inhabitants per automobile.
There were 2 health clinic and 1 hospital with 26 beds (2005). Patients with more serious health conditions are transported to Teófilo Otoni. Educational needs were met by 22 primary schools, 1 middle school, and 1 pre-primary school.
* Municipal Human Development Index: 0.633 (2000)
* State ranking: 786 out of 853 municipalities as of 2000
* National ranking: 4,071 out of 5,138 municipalities as of 2000
* Literacy rate: 63%
* Life expectancy: 67 (average of males and females)
In 2000 the per capita monthly income of R$100.00 was well below the state and national average of R$276.00 and R$297.00 respectively.
The highest ranking municipality in Minas Gerais in 2000 was Poços de Caldas with 0.841, while the lowest was Setubinha with 0.568. Nationally the highest was São Caetano do Sul in São Paulo with 0.919, while the lowest was Setubinha. In more recent statistics (considering 5,507 municipalities) Manari in the state of Pernambuco has the lowest rating in the country—0,467—putting it in last place.
* Percentage of population aged less than five years old: 13.02 (2000)
* Percentage of population aged 10 to 19: 25.92
* Percentage of population aged 60 or more: 8.36
* Percentage of urbanization: 37.94
* Percentage of urban residences connected to sewage system: 83.40
* Infant mortality rate: 21.46 (in 1,000 live births)
# John Rae (economist)

John Rae (1 June 1796, Footdee, Aberdeen – 12 July 1872, Staten Island, NY), was a Scottish/Canadian economist.

## Life

Rae was one of six children to merchant shipbuilder John Rae and Margaret Cuthbert. He graduating from Marischal College (University of Aberdeen) in 1815 with the degree of Master of Arts, followed by two years of medicine at the University of Edinburgh.
Changes in family circumstances with his father's bankruptcy in 1820 led to Rae's move to Canada in 1822. He was located in Williamstown (Glengarry County), and later, Hamilton in Ontario, Canada, where his wife died of cholera. He was well acquainted with the Scottish/Canadian community and was affiliated with the Presbyterian Church of Scotland. In Canada, he worked as a timber trader, schoolteacher, and a doctor.
In 1834, he moved to Boston, and then New York, where he also worked as a teacher. He went on to Central America where he was a physician. He moved with gold-miners to California in 1849, and a couple of years later, poor and sick with malaria, he found enough money to board a ship to the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, where he worked in many different professions. He was a medical officer for the Hawaiian Board of Health and vaccinated a number of native children with the smallpox vaccine. He was a geologist and wrote papers on the geology of the islands. He was also a historian in Hāna, Maui, writing articles for the newspaper Polynesian. He also wrote a number of manuscripts, but these were lost in a fire at Lahainaluna Seminary. His most famous work was the Statement of Some New Principles on the Subject of Political Economy.
His sister Ann was a schoolteacher who developed a series of textbooks which were among the earliest to incorporate Canadian content.

## Work

Rae's most famous work was the Statement of Some New Principles on the Subject of Political Economy, republished in 1905 as The Sociological Theory of Capital. Influenced by both Adam Smith and David Hume, his influence lingered all the way to the 20th century; so much so that economists Irving Fisher and Austrian economist Eugen Böhm von Bawerk prefaced their work with Rae's, thanking him for contributions to modern economics even when very few had heard of his work.

## Influence

The Canadian Economics Association awards the John Rae prize every two years since 1994 to the Canadian economist with "the best research record for the past five years." The prize has been named after John Rae (1796–1872) who did most of his work in Canada and was "a genuine precursor of endogenous growth theory."
# Closer (Jars of Clay EP)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AbsolutePunk.net | (56%) |
| Christianity Today | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
Closer is an EP by Christian rock act Jars of Clay. It was released in digital download format on July 29, 2008 and in CD format on August 19, 2008. The only radio single released off the EP is the title track, although the new recording of "Love Song for a Savior" has been known to be played by radio stations in place of the original single. Both "Closer" and "Safe to Land" would later appear on the band's 2009 album The Long Fall Back to Earth, but the version of "Closer" is a slightly different mix than the original version from the EP. The song "Prisoner of Hope" is a track from the soundtrack to the motion picture Sons of Lwala.

## Track listing

* "Closer" – 3:39
* "Safe to Land" – 4:47
* "Love Song for a Savior" – 4:54
* "Flood (New Rain)" – 3:42
* "Prisoner of Hope" – 4:04
# Leptothrix discophora

Leptothrix discophora is one of several species of Leptothrix, known for its sheath, and iron-, manganese-, and recently discovered arsenic-removing properties.
# Mark Koussas

Mark Koussas is a former Australian international football player. He is married to his wife Faye and has two children; Maree and James.
He was awarded the Adidas Golden Boot having scored four goals in the 1981 FIFA World Youth Championship. He is of Greek descent.
He played for Sydney Olympic F.C. and APIA Leichhardt Tigers during his career. He made at least two full international appearances for the Socceroos making his debut against Indonesia in August 1981. During his time as a player at Sydney Olympic, he was in full-time education working towards becoming a computer programmer.
# Sheila Barth Stanford

Sheila Barth Stanford (née Sheila Barth Berntsen; born 13 July 1974) is a Norwegian chess player and coach. She holds the title Woman International Master, and has competed for Norway in the Women's Chess Olympiad multiple times.

## Biography

Born on 13 July 1974, Sheila Barth Stanford achieved the title Woman FIDE Master in 1995, and was awarded the Woman International Master title in 2004.
She has represented Norway in twelve Women's Chess Olympiads, including 1990, 1992, 1996 2000, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014. She became Nordic champion for women in 2019.
Since 2014 she has worked as speaker and chess coach, and has taken part in recruitment work. She was awarded the Norwegian Chess Federation's honorary medal in gold in 2014.
# Anticarsia irrorata

Anticarsia irrorata, the owl moth, is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae. It is native to the Old World tropics.

## Description

Its wingspan is about 40–46 mm. Palpi with third joint rather shorter than in the typical section. Male lack tufts on tibia. Hindwings with normal neuration in male, with no fold in inner margin. Antennae of male with bristles and cilia. It is light brownish with darker areas distally. The forewing is marked with a diagonal line and a row of black dots. The hindwing has similar markings. The underside has lighter, brownish dots and a white spot. The larva is light green. It has a dorsal line which is dark green with a yellowish center, and wider, spotted lines on either side. The spiracles are white with black edges. It moves in a looping motion.

## Ecology

Common food plants include species from many legume genera, including Cajanus, Cicer, Cyamopsis, Glycine, Lablab, Mucuna, Phaseolus, and Vigna. It has also been noted on the melon genus Cucumis, and grasses such as Andropogon, Oryza, Paspalum, and Saccharum.
# Benjamin Thompson (farmer)

Benjamin Thompson (April 22, 1806 – January 31, 1890) was an American farmer and businessman, remembered as the main benefactor of the present-day University of New Hampshire, located in Durham, New Hampshire.

## Biography

Thompson was the son of Benjamin Thompson Sr. and Mary Pickering.
Upon his death in 1890, Thompson left the State of New Hampshire his farm and other properties in Durham. He also left Warner Farm, which was originally part of the Valentine Hill grant at Oyster River. His total assets gifted totaled over $400,000 ($13.6 million in 2023).
Thompson specified that the money and properties were to be used to establish an agricultural college. The New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, which was already established in Hanover, New Hampshire, was moved to Thompson's property in Durham in 1893. The first building constructed, in the center of the new campus, was named Thompson Hall in his honor. For many years, its profile was used by the school on all documents and memorabilia; it now houses some administrative offices.
The college became the University of New Hampshire in 1923.
# Hypenagonia

Hypenagonia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae first described by George Hampson in 1893. The adult moths have pale brown wings with a dark band across each wing. The wingspan of these moths is about 1 centimeter.

## Taxonomy

The genus has previously been classified in the subfamily Hypeninae within either the families Erebidae or Noctuidae.

## Description

Palpi of moderate length, where the second joint fringed with scaled above. Third joint minute. Frontal tuft short. Antennae annulate (ringed). Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Tibia hairless. Forewings long and narrow. Outer margin angled at middle. Veins 7 to 9 stalked. Hindwings with highly angled outer margin at middle and excised towards anal angle. Veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 stalked, whereas vein 5 from near lower angle of cell.

## Species

* Hypenagonia acrocausta (Turner, 1944) Queensland
* Hypenagonia angulata Wileman, 1915 Formosa
* Hypenagonia anna Robinson, 1975 Fiji
* Hypenagonia barbara Robinson, 1975 Fiji
* Hypenagonia bipuncta Wileman, 1915 Formosa
* Hypenagonia brachypalpia Hampson, 1912 Sri Lanka, Borneo
* Hypenagonia brunnea Bethune-Baker, 1908 New Guinea
* Hypenagonia catherina Robinson, 1975 Fiji
* Hypenagonia diana Robinson, 1975 Fiji
* Hypenagonia dohertyi Holloway, 2008 Pulo Laut in Borneo
* Hypenagonia emma Robinson, 1975 Fiji
* Hypenagonia flavisigna Hampson, 1912 Sri Lanka
* Hypenagonia hefferi Holloway, 2008 Borneo
* Hypenagonia henseli Holloway, 2008 Borneo
* Hypenagonia leucosticta Hampson, 1895 Bhuta
* Hypenagonia longipalpis Hampson, 1912 Sri Lanka, India, Borneo
* Hypenagonia mediifascia Wileman & South, 1917 Formosa
* Hypenagonia melalepidia (Hampson, 1926) New Guinea
* Hypenagonia mesoscia (Turner, 1933) Queensland
* Hypenagonia minor Wileman, 1915 Formosa
* Hypenagonia nigrifascia Hampson, 1893 Sri Lanka
* Hypenagonia normata Joannis, 1929 Vietnam
* Hypenagonia obliquifascia Wileman & South, 1917 Formosa
* Hypenagonia pallifurca Holloway, 2008 Borneo
* Hypenagonia rosacea (Bethune-Baker, 1908) New Guinea
* Hypenagonia subsuffusata Wileman & West, 1930 Formosa
* Hypenagonia vexataria (Walker, 1861) Borneo
* Hypenagonia vexatariola (Strand, 1920) Formosa
# Fueter–Pólya theorem

The Fueter–Pólya theorem, first proved by Rudolf Fueter and George Pólya, states that the only quadratic polynomial pairing functions are the Cantor polynomials.

## Introduction

In 1873, Georg Cantor showed that the so-called Cantor polynomial
    $P(x,y):={\frac {1}{2}}((x+y)^{2}+3x+y)={\frac {x^{2}+2xy+3x+y^{2}+y}{2}}=x+{\frac {(x+y)(x+y+1)}{2}}={\binom {x}{1}}+{\binom {x+y+1}{2}}$
is a bijective mapping from $\mathbb {N} ^{2}$ to $\mathbb {N}$. The polynomial given by swapping the variables is also a pairing function.
Fueter was investigating whether there are other quadratic polynomials with this property, and concluded that this is not the case assuming $P(0,0)=0$. He then wrote to Pólya, who showed the theorem does not require this condition.

### Statement

If $P$ is a real quadratic polynomial in two variables whose restriction to $\mathbb {N} ^{2}$ is a bijection from $\mathbb {N} ^{2}$ to $\mathbb {N}$ then it is
    $P(x,y):={\frac {1}{2}}((x+y)^{2}+3x+y)$
or
    $P(x,y):={\frac {1}{2}}((y+x)^{2}+3y+x).$

### Proof

The original proof is surprisingly difficult, using the Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem to prove the transcendence of $e^{a}$ for a nonzero algebraic number $a$. In 2002, M. A. Vsemirnov published an elementary proof of this result.

## Fueter–Pólya conjecture

The theorem states that the Cantor polynomial is the only quadratic pairing polynomial of $\mathbb {N} ^{2}$ and $\mathbb {N}$. The conjecture is that these are the only such pairing polynomials, of any degree.

## Higher dimensions

A generalization of the Cantor polynomial in higher dimensions is as follows:
    $P_{n}(x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n})=\sum _{k=1}^{n}{\binom {k-1+\sum _{j=1}^{k}x_{j}}{k}}=x_{1}+{\binom {x_{1}+x_{2}+1}{2}}+\cdots +{\binom {x_{1}+\cdots +x_{n}+n-1}{n}}$
The sum of these binomial coefficients yields a polynomial of degree $n$ in $n$ variables. This is just one of at least $(n-1)!$ inequivalent packing polynomials for $n$ dimensions.
# F.C. Kiryat Yam

Football Club Kiryat Yam (Hebrew: מועדון ספורט קרית ים), is an Israeli football club based in Kiryat Yam. The club is currently in Liga Alef North.

## History

The club founded 2008 and played in Liga Gimel 3 season later dissolved.
The club refounded in 2021 and promoted to Liga Bet. In this season won all 22 league matches and became the first club in the history of the Israeli football who finished a season with 100% success. One season later promoted to Liga Alef after it finished the season with 28 wins and 2 draws.
On 19 December 2023 the club lose 0–1 Hapoel Baqa al-Gharbiye and record his first lose league match.

## Current Squad
### As to 22 November 2024

| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | ISR | Alon Milwidsky |
| 3 | DF | ISR | Amit Bar |
| 5 | DF | ISR | Roee Golan |
| 6 | DF | ISR | Omri Wanger |
| 7 | MF | ISR | Afik Katan |
| 8 | MF | ISR | Artur Alyenikov |
| 9 | FW | ISR | Gil Haddad |
| 10 | FW | ISR | Salim Amash |
| 11 | FW | ISR | Nir Abergel |
| 12 | MF | ISR | Roee Gotlieb |
| 14 | DF | ISR | Guy Sanker |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 15 | MF | ISR | Amit Mizrahi |
| 16 | MF | ISR | Moshe Golan |
| 17 | DF | ISR | Bahaa Shami |
| 18 | GK | ISR | Amit Sarusi |
| 19 | DF | ISR | Gil Sellam |
| 20 | DF | ISR | Itay Arazi |
| 23 | DF | ISR | Namir Aga |
| 27 | MF | ISR | Amit Haddad |
| 30 | MF | ISR | Yuval Dayan |
| 99 | FW | ISR | Mohammed Fukra |

## Honours
### League

| Honour | No. | Years |
| Fifth tier | 1 | 2021–22 |
| Fourth tier | 1 | 2022–23 |
# Dusky lory

The dusky lory (Pseudeos fuscata) is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. Alternative common names are the white-rumped lory or the dusky-orange lory. It is found in New Guinea and the offshore islands of Batanta, Salawati and Yapen. They are also known as "banded lories" or "duskies".

## Description

The dusky lory is short-tailed parrot about 25 cm (10 in) long. It is mainly brown and has a whitish back and rump. It has two colour phases; the band across the upper chest together with its abdomen are either yellow or orange. The beak is dark orange and there is an area of bare orange skin at the base of its lower mandible. The irises are red and the legs are grey. The male and females are identical in external appearance. Juveniles are duller with a yellowish back and rump, yellowish-grey irises, and a beak that is yellow at the base and brown/black towards the tip.

## Range and habitat

The dusky lory's native range includes New Guinea below about 2500m in both the Indonesian (West Papua), and Papua New Guinean zones of the island. It is also native to the nearby Indonesian islands of Salawati and Yapen.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

## Photographs showing plumage colours

* The back and rump of the adult is white
* Side (yellow phase)
* Side (orange phase)
* Front (orange phase)
* Drinking from a cup of nectar at Woburn Safari Park
# Terence Vella

Terence Vella (born 20 April 1990) is a Maltese professional footballer who plays for Maltese Challenge League side Marsaxlokk, where he plays as a forward.

## Playing career
### Marsaxlokk

Vella signed for Maltese Challenge League side Marsaxlokk on 19 June 2021.

## Honours
### Club
#### Floriana

* Maltese Premier League (1): 2019–20