OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Strummolo

The strummolo ([strummolo]; in Neapolitan: “strùmmolo,” pronounced ['strummələ]) is the Neapolitan name for a spinning top. The game has Mexican origins. The top is made up of a spindle, which is usually wooden, and ends in a metal point and a cord used to toss it.

## Origins and use

The term, strummolo, likely comes from the Greek word, strombos (στρόμβος) or strobilos (στρόβιλος), which means "swirl" (mulinello) or “object able to turn.”
In the Domestic Neapolitan and Tuscan Vocabulary, compiled by Basilio Puoti, in 1841, the top is defined as a “wooden object shaped like a cone, with a metal point on top, that children use to play, making it turn with a string attached around it.”
The top is ribbed horizontally, to make it easier to wind the string around it. Once the string is wound around the top, the child holds the end and puts the top in the palm of their hand. Then, with a quick movement of the wrist, he or she opens his or her hand and throws the top to the ground, still holding onto the string. This makes the top spin quickly on its metal handle. The point is clearly to make the top spin for the longest amount of time possible, and the game can be played alone or as a competition between more children.
Besides the classic spinning top game illustrated above, Puoti also described the aliossi, ferri, naibi or coderone variations.
When the throw wouldn't be successful and the top would fall sideways and wouldn't spin, they would use the expression, "to do a cappellaccio." This literally means a 'large hat' or figuratively, having made ‘a big mistake.’

## Use in the Neapolitan language

The strummolo or spinning top, entered into the figurative Neapolitan language, giving rise to a series of idiomatic sayings.
One common Neapolitan expression, typically said with exasperation, is o spavo è curto e 'o strummolo è a tiriteppola: which literally means the twine is short and the spinning top swerves from all sides, said to illustrate an entangled and irreparable combination of things that don't work. Another is "vedimmo si è 'o strummolo o 'a funicella" (let's see if it's the spinning top or the string), meaning let's try to understand what it is exactly that doesn't work. The expression "paré 'nu strummolo" (to be like a spinning top, a silly person) can be a friendly or joking way to tease someone. It can also be used as a homophony with and in the place of strùnz, a vulgar term to insult someone, meaning bastard.

## The name in other regions

In Western Sicily, strummolo takes the name of strùmmula,strùmmalu, or strùmmulu, while in Eastern Sicily it is called tuppéttu. There are even many other less commonly used names, like paloggiu, which comes from the dialect from Messina. In Taranto, it takes the name of 'u currùchələ, which is derived from curru + rutulu or from the Latin, carruca. Similar terms, curutulu e curuddhu are used in Lecce. In Lizzano, however, it is called pirrùculu, while in Scorrano it is called fìtu.
# Kevin Campbell (hurler)

Kevin Campbell is a hurler. He plays for Setanta and the Donegal county team.
Campbell won a Donegal Senior Hurling Championship with Setanta in 2017. Setanta followed this up with an Ulster Junior Club Hurling Championship, also in 2017, with Campbell scoring 0–11 (all frees) in the final against Na Magha. He won another Donegal SHC in 2019, scoring 0–5 (all frees) in the final.
As team captain, Campbell was part of a delegation to Croke Park who staged a sit-in as part of their effort to free manager Eamonn Campbell from suspension for the 2009 Lory Meagher Cup final against Tyrone.
Campbell won the 2013 Nicky Rackard Cup with Donegal, appearing as a late substitute in the final against Roscommon.
He played for Donegal during the 2018 National Hurling League, when the county recorded their first competitive victories over Derry and Down (though he did not feature in the Down game). Donegal also defeated Armagh in the closing game of that league campaign, with Campbell appearing as a late substitute. They went on to win the 2018 Nicky Rackard Cup, with Campbell again appearing as late substitute in the final.

## Honours

* 2013 Nicky Rackard Cup
* Ulster Junior Club Hurling Championship: 2017
* Donegal Senior Hurling Championship 2017 2019
* 2018 Nicky Rackard Cup
# Peter Vince

Peter Vince (born Peter Robert Vince) was an English sound engineer, producer and operations manager at Abbey Road Studios.

## Biography

Vince was born in Fulham, London in July 1942 and was educated at Munster School and St Clement Danes Grammar School.

## Career

In April 1962 Vince became an engineer at Abbey Road Studios, then known as EMI Studios. During his career he also achieved the role of producer and author of the book, Abbey Road: The Story of the World's Most Famous Recording Studios, which he researched and wrote with colleagues Allan Rouse and Brian Southall. As an engineer he worked with a wide variety of artists including The Seekers, Olivia Newton-John, Cliff Richard & The Shadows, The Beatles, The Hollies, The Zombies, The Spinners, Benny Hill, Maria Callas, Beverly Sills, Nino Rota and Joe Loss. He was also responsible for a number of London cast musical recordings including The Good Companions, Singin' in the Rain, The Hunting of the Snark, Destry Rides Again, Goodbye, Mr. Chips and Man of La Mancha, which received a nomination for a Grammy Award in 1969 as the Best Engineered Recording.
In 1966, Vince was one of the first people to use "direct injection" for recording electronic bass guitars, to match the output of the guitars to the other instruments.
In the early 80's, along with fellow engineers Mike Gray and Peter Mew, Vince was responsible for setting up EMI's first ever CD department.
Peter took early retirement from EMI in 1997, after 35 years service, but continued to work as a freelance engineer. This included location recordings with organist Phil Kelsall in Blackpool, and the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo.
# Line 6 (Qingdao Metro)

Line 6 of Qingdao Metro (Chinese: 青岛地铁6号线) is an underground metro line in Qingdao. It's the first automatic operation metro line in Qingdao.

## History
### Phase I

Construction of phase I of line 6 started on 16 December 2019. Test run (without passengers) started on 12 September 2023. The phase I has started operation on 26 April 2024. It runs from Lingshan Bay to Hengyunshan Road. The section is 30.762 km in length with 21 stations.

### Phase II

Construction of phase II of Line 6, 13.85 km with 10 stations from Qingdao West railway station to Lingshan Bay, started on 2 July 2022.

## Opening timeline

| Segment | Commencement | Length | Station(s) | Name |
| Lingshan Bay — Hengyunshan Road | 26 April 2024 | 30.762 km (19.11 mi) | 21 | Phase 1 |
| Qingdao West railway station — Lingshan Bay | TBA | 13.85 km (8.61 mi) | 10 | Phase 2 |

## Stations

| Station name | Station name | Connections | Distance km | Distance km | Location |
| English | Chinese | Connections | Distance km | Distance km | Location |
| Qingdao West railway station | 青岛西站 | | | | Huangdao |
| Haixi Road | 海西路 | | | | Huangdao |
| Dongyue Road | 东岳路 | | | | Huangdao |
| Lingshanwan Road | 灵山湾路 | | | | Huangdao |
| Langyatai Road | 琅琊台路 | | | | Huangdao |
| Shuangzhu Road | 双珠路 | West Coast | | | Huangdao |
| Fenghuangshan Road | 凤凰山路 | | | | Huangdao |
| Chaoyangshan Road | 朝阳山路 | | | | Huangdao |
| Hainan Road | 海南路 | | | | Huangdao |
| Hongshulin | 红树林 | | | | Huangdao |
| Lingshan Bay | 灵山湾 | | - | 0 | Huangdao |
| Xintun | 辛屯 | West Coast | | | Huangdao |
| Huashan | 华山 | | | | Huangdao |
| Xinghaitan Road | 星海滩路 | | | | Huangdao |
| Zhaojiamiao (Film Metropolis) | 赵家庙（影视产业园） | | | | Huangdao |
| Maojiashan (Qingdao Huanghai University) | 毛家山（黄海学院） | | | | Huangdao |
| Ximenwai | 西门外 | | | | Huangdao |
| Beimenwai | 北门外 | | | | Huangdao |
| Wangjiagang | 王家港 | 1 | | | Huangdao |
| Jiudingshan | 九顶山 | | | | Huangdao |
| Qiantangjiang Road (Qingdao Technical College) | 钱塘江路（青职学院） | | | | Huangdao |
| Pashan (Qingdao Binhai University) | 扒山（滨海学院） | | | | Huangdao |
| West Coast Campus of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University | 青大附院西海岸院区 | | | | Huangdao |
| Gangtou | 港头 | | | | Huangdao |
| Xuejiapozi | 薛家泊子 | | | | Huangdao |
| Majialou | 马家楼 | | | | Huangdao |
| Zhuamashan | 抓马山 | | | | Huangdao |
| Qingdao No.9 High School (Xingfuxiaozhen) | 青岛九中（幸福小镇） | | | | Huangdao |
| Heluobu (Sino-German Ecopark) | 河洛埠（中德生态园） | | | | Huangdao |
| Shanwanghe (Fulai Community) | 山王河（福莱社区） | | | | Huangdao |
| Hengyunshan Road | 横云山路 | | | | Huangdao |
# Bianca Stigter

Bianca Stigter, Lady McQueen is a Dutch film director from Amsterdam. She directed Three Minutes: A Lengthening.
She is married to director Steve McQueen, and was associate producer on his films Widows and 12 Years a Slave.

## Films

Stigter's film Three Minutes: A Lengthening, dissects a short home movie filmed in Nasielsk, Poland, in 1938. The footage is significant because 3,000 of Nasielsk's 7,000 inhabitants were Jewish and only 100 of those residents survived the Holocaust. Stigter's editing of the footage acts to lengthen its screentime from 3 minutes to 69 minutes, while posing questions about the characters and their fate. The film is narrated by Helena Bonham Carter. The film was co-written by Glenn Kurtz, who describes "This is probably the only movie imagery of this community before it was destroyed, and almost certainly the only images of many of the people, particularly the children who appear in it, in existence. I felt this tremendous sense of responsibility to their memory."
Stigter is the writer for the 2023 documentary Occupied City, which focuses on the Nazi occupation of Amsterdam from 1940 to 1945. The film is based on her illustrated history book, Atlas of an Occupied City, Amsterdam 1940-1945.
# Edward Dana Durand

Edward Dana Durand (October 15, 1871 –1960) was the Director of the United States Census Bureau from 1909-1913 under President William Howard Taft, and a chief economist for the Department of Commerce. He also taught at Harvard and Stanford.

## Early life and education

Durand was born in Romeo, Michigan and later settled in South Dakota with his family. His parents were Cyrus Yale Durand and Celia C. Day, while his great-grandmother was Eunice Yale of Lee, Massachusetts, sister of Rev. Cyrus Yale.
His brother Walter Yale Durand was a Harvard graduate, professor at Oberlin College and Phillips Academy, and assistant chief economist of the Federal Trade Commission, while his other brother, George Harrison Durand, was a graduate from Harvard and taught at Yankton College.
Edward attended Yankton College for one year before transferring to Oberlin College. He received a Ph.D from Cornell University in 1896.

## Career

He then moved to California and became an assistant professor in political economy and finance at Stanford University. From 1900 to 1903, he became a teacher in economics at Harvard University, then served as Secretary of the U.S. Industrial Commission. He became Deputy Commissioner of the Bureau of Corporations and was hired as a special expert on the Standard Oil investigation.
President Taft appointed Durand to serve as Director of the United States Census Bureau in 1909. He held the position until 1913.
From 1913 to 1917, Durand taught statistics and agricultural economics at the University of Minnesota after which he went on to work for the Commerce Department and the Tariff Commission.
In 1921, he helped Herbert Hoover as a consultant in economics for his administration as Secretary of Commerce. He then served as Chief of the Eastern European Division of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. From 1924 to 1929, he became Chief of the Division of Statistical Research in the Department of Commerce. Toward the end of his career, he occupied the posts of Statistical assistant to the Secretary of Commerce, Chief economist of the U.S. Tariff Commission and then commissioner.
Durand retired from the Tariff Commission in 1952.
# Jack Stafford (rugby union)

Jack Stafford (born 11 July 1997) is a former Irish rugby union player. He played as a scrum-half for English Premiership Rugby side Harlequins and for Munster Rugby. He retired in July 2023 and now works in Sydney at Market Lane Insurance Group

## Early life

Stafford was born in Wexford, Ireland and attended Glenstal Abbey School, where he was selected in the Munster Schools Team of the Year in 2014 and 2016. He represented Munster at Under-18 and Under-19 level.

## Domestic career
### Munster

Stafford made his senior competitive debut for Munster on 26 November 2017, coming off the bench to replace James Hart in the provinces 2017–18 Pro14 round 9 win against Zebre. He was released by province in June 2020 after completing the three-year academy cycle.

### Harlequins

Stafford moved to England to join Premiership Rugby side Harlequins, in a move that was confirmed in August 2020. He had a two-week trail with the club during the summer, and signed a short-term contract until October 2020, which was later extended. Stafford made his debut for the club as a replacement in their 57–21 defeat at home to Ulster in the last 16 of the 2020–21 Challenge Cup on 4 April 2021.

## Ireland

Stafford has played for Ireland Under-20s at the 2017 Six Nations Under 20 Championship and the 2017 World Rugby Under 20 Championship.
# Stonebridge, Norfolk

Stonebridge is a village in the English county of Norfolk. It is situated on the A1075 road, some 6 miles (9.7 km) north east of the town of Thetford and 25 miles (40 km) south west of the city of Norwich. The village forms part of the civil parish of Wretham, which in turn falls within the district of Breckland.
# Benny Tetamashimba

Benny Tetamashimba was a Zambian Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) politician and had been a Member of Parliament for Solwezi Central from 2001 to 2009 when he died. Tetamashimba was a member of United Party for National Development prior to joining the MMD.

## Parliamentary participation

Benny Tetamashimba has been known to be active member of parliament both as a minister and as an MP. Tetamashimba has given a number of reports to the Zambian parliament.

## Hospital and death

Tetamashimba was evacuated to South Africa for specialist treatment on August 9, 2009. On September 3, 2009, it was reported that Tetamashimba had been brought back to University Teaching Hospital of Zambia in critical condition and was unable to speak. On September 5, it was reported that Tetamashimba had died at 18:30hrs, GMT.
# Khangura, Phagwara

Khangura is a village in Phagwara tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Kapurthala and 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Phagwara. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village.

## Transport

Phagwara Junction and Mauli Halt are the closest railway stations to Khangura. The station at Jalandhar City is 23 kilometres (14 mi) away. The village is 118 kilometres (73 mi) from Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport in Amritsar. Another nearby facility is Sahnewal Airport in Ludhiana, 40 kilometres (25 mi) distant. Phagwara, Jandiala, Jalandhar, Phillaur are the nearby cities to Khangura village.
# Christopher Barzak

Christopher Barzak (born July 21, 1975) is an American author. He has published many short stories, beginning with "A Mad Tea Party" in Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet in 1999. In 2007 he published his debut novel, One for Sorrow, which won the 2008 Crawford Award, and was a nominee for the 2008 Great Lakes Book Award as well as Logo TV's NewNowNext Awards. His second novel, The Love We Share Without Knowing, was a 2008 James Tiptree Jr. Award finalist and a 2009 Nebula Awards finalist for Best Novel. His first full-length short story collection, Before and Afterlives, was the recipient of the Shirley Jackson Award for Best Single-Author Collection in 2013.

## Biography

Barzak grew up in Kinsman, Ohio and went to university in nearby Youngstown. He has worked as a teacher of English outside of Tokyo, in both primary and middle schools. His experiences over two years abroad in Japan led him to write his second novel, The Love We Share Without Knowing.
Barzak also holds an MFA in Creative Writing from Chatham University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He currently teaches fiction writing at Youngstown State University, in Youngstown, Ohio.
His first novel, One for Sorrow, was made into the feature film Jamie Marks is Dead by the director, Carter Smith, for Verisimilitude Films, starring Liv Tyler, Judy Greer, Cameron Monaghan, Noah Silver, and Morgan Saylor. The film debuted at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival in the U.S. Dramatic Competition. The film had a limited release by Gravitas Ventures in the United States on August 29, 2014 and is now available on demand or on DVD.
His third novel, Wonders of the Invisible World, was published on September 8, 2015 and won a Stonewall Honor Award from the American Library Association in January, 2016.
His fourth novel, The Gone Away Place, was published in May, 2018, by Knopf Books, and won the inaugural Whippoorwill Award for books that represent the diversity that exists in rural communities. The Gone Away Place was also selected as a Choose to Read Ohio book for the years 2020-2022 by the State Library of Ohio, the Ohioana Library, and The Ohio Center for the Book.
# Sipho Mfundisi

Isaac Sipho Mfundisi (born 2 October 1948) is a South African politician who represented the United Christian Democratic Party (UCDP) in the National Assembly from 1999 to 2009 and from 2012 to 2014. He is also a former president of the UCDP.

## Political career

Born on 2 October 1948, Mfundisi joined Parliament after the 1999 general election, in which he was narrowly elected to a UCDP seat in the National Assembly. He served two consecutive terms, gaining re-election in 2004, and during that time served as spokesman for the UCDP.
Mfundisi was not re-elected to his seat in the 2009 general election, but he remained in office as chairperson of the UCDP. During the legislative term that followed, he was promoted to UCDP deputy president and then, after incumbent party president Mavis Matladi died in November 2011, to UCDP president. During his presidency, the party was involved in a legal battle with its founder, Lucas Mangope, who demanded to be reinstated to the leadership.
Mfundisi also returned to the National Assembly; he was sworn in on 25 January 2012 to fill the seat formerly held by Matladi. In the next general election in 2014, he ran for re-election, ranked first on the UCDP's party list, but the party failed to win any seats in the chamber.
# Ashiesh Shah

Ashiesh Shah is an Indian architect and designer. He has been named as one of the top 50 interior designers in the country by Architectural Digest for 2014, 2015 and 2016.

## Early life and education

Shah hails from Mumbai. He did his graduation on Interior Architecture at Parsons School of Design in New York.

## Career

Shah started collecting art as the age of fourteen. He started his career as an Interior architect in New York in the middle of 2000s and then came back to Mumbai. In 2017, he opened his own design firm named Atelier Ashiesh Shah in India.

## Awards

Shah has been named as one of the top 50 interior designers in the country by Architectural Digest for 2014, 2015 and 2016.
# Elio Ibarra

Elio Esteban Ibarra Carmona (born October 30, 1967) is a retired boxer from Argentina. He won a bronze medal in the Men's Super Heavyweight (+ 91 kg) division at the 1991 Pan American Games. Ibarra represented his native South American country at the 1992 Summer Olympics, where he was defeated in the first round.
# Agromyces aurantiacus

Agromyces aurantiacus is a bacterium from the genus of Agromyces which has been isolated from primeval forest soil from Xishuangbanna in China.
# Appalachian Province

The Appalachian province is a floristic province within the North American Atlantic Region, a floristic region within the Holarctic kingdom. It was historically covered by deciduous forest. The province includes southern Ontario and Quebec, down to central Georgia and Alabama. It includes most of Arkansas, part of eastern Texas, and stretches west through the Ouachita Mountains, Ozark Plateau, eastern Iowa, and southeastern Minnesota. It is bounded on the north by the Canadian province, on the east and south by the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain province, and on the west by the North American Prairies province.
# Inger Løite

Inger Haldis Løite (born 27 October 1958 in Gjerstad) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Aust-Agder in 2005. On the local level she was a member of Gjerstad municipal council from 1999 to 2007.
Outside politics, she has worked for Telenor for the majority of her professional career and has been active in the labour union LO. She does not have higher education.
# Murder in Utah law

Murder in Utah law constitutes the unlawful and intentional killing, under circumstances defined by law, of people within or under the jurisdiction of the U.S. state of Utah. Utah law categorizes homicide offenses into various kinds with specific criteria, each carrying specific penalties.

## Legal definitions and classifications

Under Utah law, homicide offenses are classified as follows:
* Murder: Intentionally or knowingly causing the death of another person. This is classified as a first-degree felony.
* Aggravated Murder: Involves intentional killing under specific aggravating circumstances, such as the murder of a law enforcement officer, multiple victims, or during the commission of certain felonies. Aggravated murder is a capital felony.
* Manslaughter: Recklessly causing the death of another person or committing murder under mitigating circumstances, such as extreme emotional disturbance. This is a second-degree felony.
* Negligent homicide: Causing the death of another person through criminal negligence. This is classified as a class A misdemeanor.
In the 2013 case of State v. Perea, the Utah Supreme Court ruled that the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Graham v. Florida, which prohibits life without parole sentences for juveniles in non-homicide cases, does not apply to individuals aged 19 or older or to homicide cases.

## Penalties

| Offense | Mandatory sentencing (Parole Eligibility Determined by Parole Board) |
| Murder or felony murder | 15 years to life |
| Aggravated murder | Death penalty, life without parole, or 25 years to life |
| Manslaughter | 1 to 15 years imprisonment |
| Negligent homicide | Up to 1 year in jail |

## Statistics

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in 2020 that Utah had one of the lowest homicide rates in the United States. Despite this, the Utah Department of Public Safety recorded a 44% increase in homicides in 2020 compared to 2019, with a total of 93 homicides reported. By 2023, Utah's violent crime rate had decreased to 232 per 100,000 residents, down from the 2020 spike.
# Ivar Skulstad

Ivar Arne Skulstad (born 16 May 1953) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He was born in Eidskog as a son of an industrial laborer and a shop worker. He spent his career in the Norwegian Army from 1972 to 1973, Magnor Glassverk from 1973 to 1975, NSB Reisebyrå from 1975 to 1988 and Hedmark Energi from 1988 to 1999.
He was a member of Eidskog municipal council from 1979 to 2005, serving as deputy mayor from 1983 to 1987 and mayor from 1999 to 2005. From 2003 to 2005 he chaired Glåmdal regionråd. He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway during the terms 2005–2009 and 2009–2013, representing the constituency Hedmark. From 2005 to 2009 he served as a regular representative, taking Sylvia Brustad's seat while she was a cabinet minister. He was a member of the Standing Committee on Scrutiny and Constitutional Affairs.