OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gondrani

Gondrani (Urdu: گونڈرانی), also known as Shehr-e-Roghan (Urdu: شہرِ روغان), is an archaeological site near the town of Bela in Balochistan, Pakistan. Situated 20 kilometres (12 miles) to the north of the town of Bela and approximately 218 kilometres (135 miles) from Karachi, it lies within the Lasbela District. Renowned for its unique features, the site is also known by several evocative names, including the Cave City of Lasbela, the Cave Dwellings of Gondrani, the House of the Spirits, and the town of Mai Gondrani.

## History

The exact history of the town is not known, nor who built the caves. Historians believe that the town was once a large Buddhist monastery dating back to the eighth century, when the region was part of a Buddhist kingdom. André Wink in his book Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam: 7th-11th Centuries states that:
   In effect, at eighteen km north-west of Las Bela, at Gandakahar, near the ruins of an ancient town, are the caves of Gondrani, and as their construction shows these caves were undoubtedly Buddhist.
According to another source, Journal of the Society for South Asian Studies, the site cannot be conclusively linked to Buddhist heritage, though it does show Buddhist characteristics:
   Although not irrefutably Buddhist, the cave complex of Gondrani, some fifteen kilometres north-west of Las Bela in Makran, does show definite Buddhist characteristics.
The Geographical Journal agrees that the caves are of Buddhist origin:
   ...not far from them are the Caves of Gondrani, about which there is no room for conjecture, for they are clearly Buddhist, as can be told from their construction.

## Caves of Gondrani

The Caves of Gondrani are locally known as Puraney Ghaar, simply translating to ‘Old Caves’. (Urdu: پرانے غار),
They are carved into solid conglomerate rocks at several levels, and are connected by pathways. All the caves have small rooms with hearths and wall niches for lamps, along with verandahs or front porches.
During British rule, around 1500 caves were reported, but now only 500 remain. The caves are in poor condition and are slowly eroding. No conservation efforts have been made to protect the site due to poor accessibility and lack of knowledge of the archaeological site.

## Legends

Many local legends are associated with the town. One relates the story of a king and his daughter, named Badiul Jamal, during the reign of king Solomon, who was haunted by demons. Many heroes came to free her and failed, but eventually Prince Saif-ul-Muluk killed the demons and freed her. According to another legend, the demons and evil spirits inhabiting the mountain would torment and feed on the flesh of the people of Gondrani. An old holy woman named Mai Gondrani sacrificed herself to kill the demons and free the town people. In another version, the pious lady exorcised the town and lived there until her death. The woman is buried nearby; her burial place is a well-known local shrine.
# Shelley Loe

Shelley Joy Loe (born 7 December 1958) is a South African politician who represented the Democratic Alliance (DA) in Parliament from 2004 to 2009. Before that, she represented the Democratic Party (DP) in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature from 1999 to 2004.

## Political career

Loe was formerly a local politician for the DP in Gauteng. In May 1998, she became ward councillor for Brakpan in a by-election, in which she won a resounding 78 per cent of the vote against the National Party's Malcolm Laing. In the 1999 general election, she left Brakpan to join the Gauteng Legislature, representing the DP. The Mail & Guardian said that she continued to play a key role in organising her party's by-election campaigns in Gauteng.
After a single term in the provincial legislature, she was elected to the National Council of Provinces in the 2004 general election. She was a member of the Northern Cape caucus and represented the DA, the DP's successor party. A year into the legislative term, in July 2005, Loe resigned from the National Council of Provinces; the following month, on 17 August 2005, she was sworn in to the National Assembly, where she filled a casual vacancy, again in the DA's Northern Cape caucus.
Loe left Parliament after the 2009 general election and subsequently represented the DA as a proportional-representation councillor in Gauteng's Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, where she led the DA's caucus. She stood for election as DA deputy provincial chairperson in Gauteng in 2014. In 2019, she supported Mike Waters's unsuccessful campaign in the contest to succeed James Selfe as chair of the DA federal council.
# Talus cave

A talus cave, also known as a boulder cave, is a type of cave formed by the gaps between one, or more commonly many large boulders. Talus caves can be formed anywhere large boulders accumulate in a pile, such as in scree at the base of a cliff.

## Formation

Talus caves are formed anywhere with a sufficient accumulation of large rocky material, and thus form in a wide variety of rock- in New England, talus caves have been found in anorthosite, schist, slate, phyllite, conglomerate, marble and sandstone.$^{:53}$ Nevertheless, talus caves are more likely to form around outcrops of highly competent rock, such as granite or gneiss, which break cleanly along fractures.
The exact mechanism of talus cave formation differs with geological context. Along at the bottom of cliff faces, talus caves are primarily created from the mass movement of rock due to slope failure, usually through landslides creating scree deposits which contain the caves. In steep-sided gorges, talus caves may form as a combination of slope failure and downcutting by a stream or river, where smaller rocks and soil is washed away under large boulders, leaving a cave behind.
In Scandinavia and other recently glaciated areas, many talus caves are the result of neotectonic activity due to post-glacial rebound. These caves are found in fractured roche moutonnée hills, where strong neotectonic earthquakes created large systems of fractures and caves.
Several features on Mars have been found to resemble terrestrial scree, giving rise to the possibility of extraterrestrial talus caves.

## Characteristics

Talus caves are usually short, although the longest have up to several kilometers of explorable passages. Examples of long talus caves include Bodagrottorna [sv] in Hälsingland, Sweden, with 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) of passage, the Touchy Sword of Damocles cave in New York, United States with over 4,000 metres (13,000 ft) of passage,$^{:55}$ and Merrills-Barn Door-And-The Hole-Scotts (MBDATHS) cave in Vermont, with 640 metres (2,100 ft) of passage.$^{:59}$ Nevertheless, due to the complex, labyrinthine nature of larger talus caves the true length of many systems is unknown.
Although talus caves are poorly studied compared to other types of caves, in areas not conducive to the formation of solutional caves or lava tubes they may be the most common type of cave. Some talus caves in the Northeastern United States are ice caves, with perennial ice deposits inside the cave passages. Talus caves are important habitats for bats and troglofauna, such as the pseudoscorpion Parobisium yosemite which is endemic to talus caves in Yosemite National Park. A few talus caves have been turned into show caves, such as the caves in the Lost River Reservation and Polar Caves Park in New Hampshire, and the caves in Pinnacles National Park in California.
# Heywood Banks

Stuart Mitchell (born April 1, 1950), known professionally as Heywood Banks, is an American comedian, and writer and performer of humorous songs.

## Career

In the 1970s and 1980s, Mitchell used to perform under his own name, doing comedy and playing guitar. His wife suggested he develop a few characters after they visited Los Angeles in 1987 and found many other comedians doing similar things as him. He ended up developing the character Heywood Banks and started performing as him in 1987.
In 1988, he won the Johnnie Walker Comedy Search national finals, which gave him a television appearance on A&E's An Evening at the Improv, aired on October 19, 1988. Later the same year, he won the Miller Lite Comedy Search regional finals held in Clinton Township, Michigan.
His songs include "Toast", "Fly's Eyes", "Wiper Blades", "Pancreas", "Big Butter Jesus" (a song about the King of Kings statue), "18 Wheels (on a Big Rig)", "The One Eye Love" & "The Cat Got Dead".
The story of his song "Toast" goes back to around 1986, when he was browsing at a Salvation Army store for props for his act. He bought an old toaster, thinking maybe he would make toast during his act. Later, his wife said she was looking forward to having toast the next morning, and he started improvising a song about toast while playing a bongo.
Heywood frequently appears on the nationally syndicated radio program The Bob and Tom Show. His most popular and widely known song is called "Toast", played on a toaster with a pair of forks. Another recurring song that B&T occasionally play is "Trauma to the Groin". Heywood's songs have also been played on the Dr. Demento Show.
In 1993, he starred in a pilot called The Heywood Banks Show, which was aired on WJBK. He played the manager of a trailer park's convenience store called the Toast Basket. He also played a resident at the trailer park named Hyphen (Dash) Ampersand. He performed his song "Toast" on the pilot. Comedy writer B. K. Taylor also appeared on the show.
Banks' "The Revenge Song" (also known as "You Can Be Mean to Me") was performed on American Idol on January 16, 2007, by an "urban Amish" singer called Troy.

## Personal life

Banks is originally from Birmingham, Michigan. He attended Western Michigan University. He lives near Howell, Michigan.

## Albums

* If Pigs Had Wings & Other Favorite Songs (1990)
* Treated and Released (1992)
* Picky Picky Picky (1998)
* difErnt (1999)
* Pretending I'm Not Home (2003)
* Big Butter (2006)
* Heywood Banks Live! Never Trust a Puppet (2012)

## Television appearances

* A & E's Evening at The Improv with Richard Moll
* A & E's Evening at The Improv with John Davidson
* 6 MTV Big @!#% Shows
* MTV ½ Hour Comedy Hour
* CNN Hollywood Minute
* Caroline's Comedy Hour
* Entertainment Tonight
* Showtime Comedy Club Network
* 12th Annual HBO Young Comedians Special with Paul Rodriguez
* Harmony House television commercials
# Jodel Lessage

Jodel Lessage (born February 19 1954) is a Haitian military officer, who served as the acting Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti from 17 November 2017 to 20 August 2024. He is the first Commander-in-Chief following the re-establishment of the Armed Forces after 22 years and their disbandment in 1995, during the Operation Uphold Democracy.
# Sadrac Saintil

Sadrac Saintil is a Haitian military officer. He was named in a presidential decree by President Jovenel Moïse in 2017 to be part of the General Staff of the reestablished Armed Forces of Haiti. He last served as the Chief of the General staff of the Armed Forces.
Saintil, then a lieutenant colonel, participated in the official whitewash of the 1994 Raboteau massacre, during the military dictatorship of Raoul Cédras.
# Mongolia at the 2020 Summer Paralympics

Mongolia competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, Japan, from 24 August to 5 September 2021.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Gold | Enkhbayaryn Sodnompiljee | Powerlifting | Men's 107 kg | 30 August |

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors participating in the Games:
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Archery | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Athletics | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Judo | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Powerlifting | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Shooting | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Taekwondo | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Total | 7 | 4 | 11 |

## Archery

Mongolia has entered one archer at Men's Individual Recurve Open.

## Shooting

Mongolia entered one athletes into the Paralympic competition. Ganbaatar Zandraa successfully break the Paralympic qualification at the 2019 WSPS World Cup which was held in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Score | Rank | Score | Rank |
| Ganbaatar Zandraa | Mixed P4 – 50 m pistol SH1 | 522 | 15 | Did not advance | Did not advance |

## Taekwondo

Mongolia qualified two athletes to compete at the Paralympics competition. All of them qualified by finishing first at K44 category to booked one of six quotas.
| Athlete | Event | First round | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Repechage 1 | Repechage 2 | Final / BM | Final / BM |
| Athlete | Event | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Rank |
| Men |||||||||
| Ganbatyn Bolor-Erdene | Men's – 61 kg | — | Bossolo (ITA) L 28–40 | Did not advance | Vidal (ESP) W 31–11 | Bozteke (TUR) L 22–23 | Did not advance | 7 |
| Women |||||||||
| Khürelbaataryn Enkhtuya | Women's – 49 kg | — | Isakova (UZB) L 11–13 | Did not advance | Es-Sabbar (MAR) W 37–21 | Phuangkitcha (THA) L 30–33 | Did not advance | 7 |
# Blackburn Blackburn

The Blackburn R-1 Blackburn was a 1920s British single-engine fleet spotter/reconnaissance aircraft built by Blackburn Aircraft.

## History

The Blackburn was developed to meet a naval requirement (Specification 3/21) for a carrier-based reconnaissance aircraft and gun spotting aircraft. Blackburn designed a new fuselage and used the wing and tail surfaces from the Blackburn Dart. The pilot sat in an open cockpit above the engine, a navigator sat inside the fuselage and a gun position was located at the rear of the fuselage cabin. The aircraft's two-bay wings could fold for stowage aboard aircraft carriers, with the upper wing attached directly to the fuselage, which filled the interplane gap. Armament was a single forward-firing Vickers machine gun mounted externally to the left of the pilot, with a Lewis gun on a Scarff ring for the gunner.
Three prototypes were flown during 1922, leading to an initial production contract for 12 aircraft. The production aircraft were designated Blackburn I and the first deliveries to the Fleet Air Arm at Gosport began in April 1923. 18 more Blackburn Is were built in 1923–1924. Its first operational deployment was with No. 422 Fleet Spotter Flight, which deployed aboard HMS Eagle in the Mediterranean in 1923.
A further order was placed for 29 Blackburns with the more powerful Napier Lion V engine, designated the Blackburn II. The upper wing was raised 22½ in (0.57 m) to improve handling. A few Blackburns were used as dual-control trainers and all the Blackburn Is were converted to II standard before the type became obsolete in 1931, when they were replaced by the Fairey IIIF.

## Variants
### Blackburn

    Prototype, three built.

### Blackburn I

    Production version with a 449 hp (335 kW) Napier Lion IIB engines, 33 built.

### Blackburn II

    Improved production version with a 464 hp (346 kW) Napier Lion V, and increased gap between wings. 29 built.

### Blackburn Trainer

    Trainer version of Blackburn I, fitted with side-by-side cockpit and dual controls. Known by the Fleet Air Arm as the Bull. Two out of Blackburn I batch.

## Operators
### United Kingdom

* Royal Air Force
** No. 422 (Fleet Spotter) Flight RAF – 1923-28
* Royal Navy
** Fleet Air Arm
*** No. 420 (Fleet Spotter) Flight RAF – 1926-28
*** No. 449 (Fleet Spotter Reconnaissance) Flight FAA – 1929-31
*** No. 450 (Fleet Spotter Reconnaissance) Flight FAA – 1929-31

## Specifications (Blackburn I)

Data from British Naval Aircraft since 1912
General characteristics
* Crew: 3
* Length: 36 ft 2 in (11.02 m)
* Wingspan: 45 ft 6 in (13.87 m)
* Height: 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m)
* Wing area: 650 sq ft (60 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 3,929 lb (1,782 kg)
* Gross weight: 5,962 lb (2,704 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 6,648 lb (3,015 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Napier Lion IIB W-12 water-cooled piston engine, 450 hp (340 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 122 mph (196 km/h, 106 kn) at 3,000 ft (914 m)
* Endurance: 4 hours 15 minutes
* Service ceiling: 12,950 ft (3,950 m)
* Rate of climb: 690 ft/min (3.5 m/s)
Armament
* Guns: 2 × .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis guns
# Anne S. Ferro

Anne S. Ferro (born 1958, Baltimore) is an American government official, currently serving as president and CEO of the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, a nonprofit organization creating model programs in motor vehicle administration, law enforcement, and highway safety. She previously served as president of the Maryland Motor Truck Association, administrator of the United States Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, and as administrator of the Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration of the Maryland Department of Transportation.
Ferro's focus on truck driver's safety during her time as administrator of the United States Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration is perhaps her most notable work. Ferro emphasized using real-time data on driver behavior to minimize trucker-related accidents, she also fought against excessive disciplining of truck drivers. As Ferro once said during a 2011 interview with the Journal of Commerce, “It’s all about the driver”.
# Tim Holmes (actor)

Tim Holmes (born April 14, 1967), also credited as T.C. Holmes, is an American actor and musician.

## Early life

Holmes was born in Lansing, Michigan

## Career

After graduating high school, Holmes moved to Los Angeles to pursue his career in acting and music. In 1995 MCA Records signed him as a solo artist, under name T.C. Holmes. His contract was terminated after he completed one album. Afterwards Holmes enrolled at a fire academy and pursued a career as a firefighter, he worked for Warner Brothers Studio Fire Department for seven years.
In 2009 Holmes returned to his passion for acting. In the following years he appeared in Real Steel, Alex Cross, Machine Gun Preacher, Hostel 3, S.W.A.T.: Firefight, Street Kings 2: Motor City and Oz the Great and Powerful.

## Personal life

Holmes is married to Nicole Holmes, they have twin sons.

## Partial filmography

* Hostel: Part III (2011)
* Alex Cross (2012)
* Person of Interest (2012)
* Vegas (2012)
* Oz the Great and Powerful (2013)
* Ultimate Love Games (1997)
# M. Deborrah Hyde

Maxine Deborrah Hyde (born January 18, 1949) is an American neurosurgeon who is the second African American woman certified by the American Board of Neurological Surgery.

## Life

Hyde was born January 18, 1949, in Laurel, Mississippi. She was the valedictorian at Oak Park High School. A first generation college student, she earned a B.S. with honors in biology and a minor in chemistry from Tougaloo College in 1969. She completed a M.S. in developmental biology at Cleveland State University in 1973. Her graduate thesis researched the development of maturing rat eyes. Peter Baker was her academic advisor. She earned a M.D. from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine in 1977 and was elected into Alpha Omega Alpha. Hyde was influenced by her mentor Harold Rekate to pursue neurosurgery. She obtained a neurosurgery training position with Frank Nelson. In 1982, Hyde completed a neurosurgery residency at Case Western, the first female and African American graduate.
Hyde practiced at the Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital. In September 1985, she became the second African American woman to be certified by the American Board of Neurological Surgery. In 1991, she founded the Beacon of Hope Scholarship Foundation to provide assistance to underprivileged students in Laurel, Mississippi and Los Angeles. As of 2023, Hyde had run a private neurosurgery practice in West Hills, Los Angeles for 32 years.
# Rain Newton-Smith

Rain Newton-Smith (born 1975) is the director general of the Confederation of British Industry (CBI) after being appointed in April 2023. She was the CBI's chief economist from August 2014 to March 2023.

## Early life

Rain Newton-Smith is the daughter of Canadian-born Oxford philosopher William Newton-Smith (1943–2023) and his first wife Dorris Heffron.
Newton-Smith earned a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) from the University of Oxford, and an MSc in economics from the London School of Economics (LSE).

## Career

Newton-Smith spent nine years at the Bank of England where she prepared global forecast reports for the central bank's rate-setting committee. She went on to lead the emerging markets division at the Oxford Economics consultancy specialising in the Chinese economy. Newton-Smith previously held a position advising the UK executive director at the International Monetary Fund.
Newton-Smith was previously chief economist of the CBI, where she served from August 2014 until March 2023. In that role, The Guardian described her as a "vocal commentator on the struggles faced by businesses after the pandemic".
She left the CBI in March 2023 and took up a post at Barclays as a managing director to lead the bank's environmental, social, and corporate governance policy. After the dismissal of Tony Danker in early April 2023 following complaints of misconduct, Newton-Smith was appointed as the CBI's new Director General.

## Personal life

Newton-Smith is married with four daughters. She lives in Oxfordshire.
# Kibdelosporangium philippinense

Kibdelosporangium philippinense is a bacterium from the genus of Kibdelosporangium which has been isolated from soil on the Philippines.
# Higher (Clean Bandit song)

"Higher" is a song by British electronic music group Clean Bandit, featuring vocals from Puerto Rican-American rapper, singer, and songwriter Iann Dior. It was released as a single on 29 January 2021 by Atlantic and Warner Music. The song was written by Dan Smith, Jack Patterson and Mark Ralph.

## Music video

A music video to accompany the release of "Higher" was first released onto YouTube on 29 January 2021. A man sings while he dances in a tropical island.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from Tidal.
* Grace Chatto – producer, steel drums
* Jack Patterson – producer, composer, keyboards, programmer
* Mark Ralph – producer, additional keyboards, mixer, percussion, programmer
* Dan Smith – composer, additional vocals
* Michael Olomo – composer
* Mike Hough – additional vocals
* Yasmin Green – additional vocals
* Gemma Chester – assistant engineer
* Luke Patterson – drums
* Josh Green – engineer
* Iann Dior – featured artist
* Stuart Hawkes – masterer
* Ryan Cantu – recording engineer

## Release history

Release history for "Higher" :
| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| United Kingdom | 29 January 2021 | Digital downloadstreaming | AtlanticWarner Music | |
| Italy | 5 February 2021 | Contemporary hit radio | Warner | |
# Wilhelm Weith

Wilhelm Weith (9 May 1846 in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe – 29 November 1881 in Ajaccio) was a German-Swiss chemist.
He studied chemistry at the polytechnic institute in Zürich and at the University of Heidelberg, receiving his doctorate in 1865 from the University of Zürich. Shortly afterwards, he obtained his habilitation and became a lecturer at both the polyclinic and university. At Zürich, he often served as a substitute teacher for chemist Georg Städeler. In 1871 he became an associate professor of chemistry, followed by a full professorship in 1874. He died from an illness during a stay in Ajaccio, Corsica on 28 November 1881, aged 35.
He primary research involved studies of sulfurous aniline derivatives, carbotriphenyltriamine and guanamines. Among his earlier works was a treatise on nitroprussides (1868). In 1880 he published a study on the correlation between the fauna and the chemical composition of Swiss waters, titled Chemische Untersuchungen schweizerischer Gewässer mit Rücksicht auf deren Fauna.