OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Radzilowski

John Radzilowski (born 1965) is an American historian, and author of numerous books and articles in the modern history of Poland and in the history of Polish-Americans. He is a professor of history at the University of Alaska Southeast.

## Career

In 1999, Radzilowski received his PhD from the Arizona State University. He taught courses at the University of St. Thomas, Hamline University, and Anoka-Ramsey Community College in Minnesota. Since 2007, he has been a faculty member at the University of Alaska Southeast.
Radzilowski is a fellow of the Piast Institute and is past president of the Polish American Cultural Institute of Minnesota. He later worked as the assistant coordinator of the Center for Nations in Transition at the Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota.
He is a professor of history at the University of Alaska Southeast, Department of Social Science, where teaches European, U.S. and world history, geography and art history.

## Awards

In 1998 he received Cavaliers Cross of the Polish Order of Merit.
In 2006, he received the Oskar Halecki Prize from the Polish American Historical Association for his book Poles in Minnesota.
In 2008, he was awarded the Miecislaus Haiman Award for "sustained contribution to the study of Polish Americans" by the Polish American Historical Association.

## Books

* Out on the Wind. Poles and Danes in Lincoln County. (1992, 1995)
* Bells Over the Prairie. 125 Years of Holy Trinity Catholic Church. (1995)
* To Call It Home. The New Immigrants of Southwestern Minnesota. (1996 co-author with Joseph Amato)
* Prairie Town. A History of Marshall, Minnesota 1872–1997. (1997)
* Community of Strangers. Change, Turnover, Turbulence and the Transformation of a Midwestern Country Town. (1999) (co-author with Joseph Amato)
* Polish Immigrants, 1890–1920 with Rosemary Wallner. Coming to America Series. (2002)
* Poland’s Transformation. A Work in Progress. (2003) (co-author with Marek Jan Chodakiewicz i Dariusz Tołczyk)
* Spanish Carlism and Polish Nationalism. The Borderlands of Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. (2003) (co-author with Marek Jan Chodakiewicz)
* The Eagle and the Cross. A History of the Polish Roman Catholic Union of America 1873–2000. (2003)
* Poles in Minnesota. (2005)
* Minnesota. On the Road History Series. (2006)
* Travellers History of Poland. (2007, 2013)
* The New Immigrants: Ukrainians Americans (Series editor: Robert D. Johnston) (2007)
* American Immigration: An Encyclopedia of Political, Social and Cultural Change. (2014) (edited with James Ciment)
* Frantic 7: The American Effort to Aid the Warsaw Uprising and the Origins of the Cold War. (2016) (co-author with Jerzy Szczęśniak)
# Hans Bunge

Hans-Joachim Bunge (3 December 1919 in Arnsdorf, Saxony – 27 May 1990 in Berlin) was a German Dramaturg, Director and Author. Bunge became famous through his conversations with Hanns Eisler about Brecht.

## Life

Bunge, the son of a doctor was the oldest of four brothers. He enrolled in the Hitlerjugend in 1934 at the age of fourteen. He became a member of the NSDAP (Nazi Party) in 1938 when he was nineteen and enlisted in the Wehrmacht a year later, fighting in the Second World War. He was involved in the invasions of Poland, France and the Soviet Union. He served until 1943 when he was captured and held as a prisoner of war in the Soviet Union.
He returned to Germany after six years in various prison camps. In January 1950 he married Renate Künzel and his first son Wolf was born. From 1950 to 1953 he studied German Literature, Aesthetics and Theatre History in Greifswald.
Through the mediation of Ruth Berlau (who first introduced Bunge to Brecht) he was appointed assistant director and assistant dramaturg at the Berliner Ensemble. From 1953-1956 he recorded the Berliner Ensemble rehearsals of Caucasian Chalk Circle and Life of Galileo and then from 1956-1959 he managed the Bertolt Brecht Archive and conducted many noteworthy interviews with colleagues and students of Bertolt Brecht, about whom he had written a PhD thesis in 1957. In 1954 his son Steffen was born.
After personal differences with Helene Weigel, Bunge joined the German Academy of Arts where he oversaw the first historical-critical edition of Brecht’s works, and later published special editions of the literary journal, Sinn und Form, dedicated to Hanns Eisler, Thomas Mann, Willi Bredel and others.
In 1963 he married Therese Gottschalk and a year later his daughter Sabine was born.
On 7 January 1966, the politically unconventional Bunge, who was friends with Wolf Biermann, Heiner Müller and Robert Havemann, was dismissed from the Academy as a result of the 11th Plenum of the Central Committee of the SED (Socialist Unity Party).
Bunge worked as a director and dramaturg at the Volkstheater Rostock, 1968–1970, and at the Deutsches Theater Berlin, 1970-1978. 1968 In Rostock, he tried to bring Hanns Eisler's opera libretto on stage as a theater performance, which was prohibited by the authorities.
He subsequently worked as a freelance writer in Berlin. In 1972 he married his third wife Gudrun Weinert, and in 1973 his son Johannes was born. In 1976 he was one of the signatories of a letter protesting against the expatriation of Wolf Biermann.

## Works

* Werner Hecht, Hans-Joachim Bunge, Käthe Rülicke-Weiler: Bertolt Brecht. Leben und Werk, Berlin 1963
* Fragen Sie mehr über Brecht. Hanns Eisler im Gespräch, München 1970
* Brechts Lai-tu. Erinnerungen und Notate von Ruth Berlau, Darmstadt und Neuwied 1985
* Brecht-Zentrum Berlin, ed. (1991). Die Debatte um Hanns Eislers "Johann Faustus": eine Dokumentation [The debate on Hanns Eisler's "Johann Faustus": a documentation] (in German). ISBN 3-86163-019-2.
# Pandeyganj metro station

Pandeyganj is a proposed Lucknow Metro station in Lucknow.

## Route plan/map

vteLucknow Metro :
Legend :
# Zugunruhe

Zugunruhe (/ˈtsuːk:ʊnʁuːə/; German: [tsuːk:ʊnʁuːə] ; lit. 'migration-anxiety') is the experience of migratory restlessness.

## Ethology

In ethology, Zugunruhe describes anxious behavior in migratory animals, especially in birds during the normal migration period. When these animals are enclosed, such as in an Emlen funnel, Zugunruhe serves to study the seasonal cycles of the migratory syndrome. Zugunruhe involves increased activity towards and after dusk with changes in the normal sleep pattern.
   "In accordance with their inherited calendars, birds get an urge to move. When migratory birds are held in captivity, they hop about, flutter their wings and flit from perch to perch just as birds of the same species are migrating in the wild. The caged birds ‘know’ they should be travelling too. This migratory restlessness, or Zugunruhe, was first described by Johann Andreas Naumann…[who] interpreted Zugunruhe to be an expression of the migratory instinct in birds."
   --William Fiennes, ‘The Snow Geese’

## Etymology

Zugunruhe is borrowed from German; it is a German compound word consisting of Zug, "move, migration," and unruhe (anxiety, restlessness). The word was first published in 1707, when it was used to describe the "inborn migratory urge" in captive migrants.
Though common nouns are normally not capitalised in English, Zugunruhe is sometimes capitalised following the German convention.

## Effect

Zugunruhe has been artificially induced in experiments by simulating long days. Some studies on White-crowned Sparrows have suggested that prolactin is involved in the pre-migratory hyperphagia (feeding), fattening and Zugunruhe. However, others have found that prolactin may merely be associated with lipogenesis (fat accumulation).
Researchers have been able to study the endocrine controls and navigational mechanisms associated with migration by studying Zugunruhe.
The phenomenon of Zugunruhe was generally believed to be found only in migratory species; however, a study of a resident species has shown low-level Zugunruhe, including oriented activity, suggesting that the endogenous mechanisms for migratory behaviour may be present even in a resident species. Further suggestions for endogenous programs are provided by observations that the number of nights on which Zugunruhe is exhibited by caged migrants appears related to the distance of migration involved.
# Peter Attrill

Peter Attrill (born 28 November 1929) is an Australian former sailor who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Callum Hunter-Hill

Callum Hunter-Hill (born 27 February 1997 in Melrose, Scotland) is a Scottish rugby union player who plays for Northampton Saints. He typically plays second-row.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

Whilst in Gullane Primary School, Hunter-Hill first played mini rugby for North Berwick Rugby Club. His rugby talent was spotted while at Stewart's Melville College. He won the Brewin Dolphin Shield with Stewart's Melville.
He later won a place to be coached in New Zealand in the summer of 2015 winning the prestigious John Macphail Scholarship. He spent 15 weeks there. He played for Stirling County, captaining the side, when not involved in Warriors duty.

### Professional career

He was named as part of the new Glasgow district Rugby Academy founded by the Scottish Rugby Union in 2015.
He made his debut for Glasgow Warriors coming off the bench in a friendly against the Army Rugby Union side in September 2015. The Warriors won the match 71–0.
Hunter-Hill again turned out for the Warriors in the pre-season match against Harlequins on 20 August 2016.
He made his competitive debut for the Warriors on 8 October 2016 when he replaced Rob McAlpine in the away match against Zebre in the Pro12.
On 16 November 2016 it was announced that Hunter-Hill had joined London Scottish in a short-term loan move.
On 15 May 2017 it was announced that he had secured a professional contract and signed for Edinburgh Rugby.
On 13 September 2019 it was announced that he was joining Saracens on academy loan. He has since signed a long term permanent contract to remain at Saracens until 2023.
He helped Saracens win the Premiership title in 2023, featuring as a replacement in the final as Saracens defeated Sale Sharks.
On the 28th June, 2024, it was announced Hunter-Hill had signed for the former Premiership champions of the previous season Northampton Saints.

### International career

He played for Scotland for the under-18s and captained the side. He captained Scotland U20s.
Sporting positions :
| Preceded byEwan McQuillin, Adam Ashe | John Macphail Scholarship Ben Robbins, Callum Hunter-Hill 2015 | Succeeded byPatrick Kelly, Ross McCann |
# Sam (ugly dog)

Sam (November 7, 1990 – November 18, 2005) was a blind, pure-bred Chinese Crested dog, and three-time champion of the annual Sonoma-Marin Fair World's Ugliest Dog Contest in Northern California in 2003–2005. His ugliness earned him international fame.
His owner, Santa Barbara resident Susie Lockheed, took him in as a rescue dog in 1999 from his first owner.
In 2005, Sam starred on Criss Angel's 2005 Mindfreak Halloween Special, which aired on the A&E Network. Sam played the role of Angel's cat, dressed up in a Halloween costume. Sam was featured on Japanese television, New Zealand radio and the Daily Telegraph in England.
Due to heart complications, Sam was euthanized on November 18, 2005, just 11 days after his 15th birthday.
# Gymnopilus luteofolius

Gymnopilus luteofolius, known as the yellow-gilled gymnopilus, is a large and widely distributed mushroom that grows in dense clusters on dead hardwoods and conifers. It grows in late July to November in the east and in the winter on the west coast of North America. It has a rusty orange spore print and a bitter taste.

## Systematics

Gymnopilus luteofolius was first described as Agaricus luteofolius by Charles Horton Peck in 1875. It was renamed Pholiota luteofolius by Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1887, and was given its current name by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1951.

## Description

The fruit bodies of Gymnopilus luteofolius have reddish to purplish to yellow caps 2 to 8 cm (0.8 to 3.1 in) in diameter, which often develop green stains. This cap surface is covered with fasciculate scales that start out purplish, soon fade to brick red, and finally fades to yellow as the mushroom matures. The context is reddish to light lavender, fading to yellowish as the mushroom matures. The gills have adnate attachment and start off yellow, turning rusty brown as the spores mature. The stipe is the same color as the cap, often dusted with rusty brown spores, fibrillose, measuring 3–9 by 3–10 mm thick, equal to enlarged near the base. The stipe often has greenish stains near the base. The taste is bitter.
The spores are bright rusty brown in deposit, measuring 6–8.5 x 4–4.5 μm, ellipsoid to subellipsoid, inequilateral, roughened and dextrinoid, with no germ pore. The basidia measure 24–28 x 6–7 μm and are 4-spored. The basidioles are often brown. The pleurocystidia (cystidia on the gill face) measures 30–38 x 5–10 μm, hyaline, fusoid to subventricose. The cystidia on the gill edge (cheilocystidia) measures 23–28 x 4–7 μm, ventricose to flash shaped, often capitate. The lamellar trama is made up of parallel hyphae 5–18 μm across, frequently septate, with yellowish pigment that is dissolved by potassium hydroxide. The pileus trama is interwoven, and the pileus cuticle has brown tufts of brown incrusted hyphae. The pileocystidia measure 44–53 μm, and are club-shaped, cylindrical or ventricose terminal elements on the hyphae that forms the scales on the cap. Cystidia on the stipe (caulocystidia) are 20–63 x 3–15 μm, club shaped, ventricose or flask shaped. The gill trama and pileus trama are pale yellowish-brown in KOH and reddish brown in Melzer's reagent. Clamp connections are present.
# Ustʹ Pinega Formation

64°9′0.000″N 41°55′59.988″E﻿ / ﻿64.15000000°N 41.93333000°E﻿ / 64.15000000; 41.93333000
The Ustʹ Pinega Formation is a geological formation exposed along the banks of the Onega River in Arkhangelsk Oblast, northwestern Russia.
It is famed for the vast quantities of fossils of Ediacara biota preserved in its ash beds.
# XEFR-AM

XEFR-AM is a radio station in Mexico City. Located on 1180 kHz, XEFR-AM is owned by Grupo ACIR and broadcasts an oldies format known as Radio Felicidad.

## History

Radio Felicidad received its concession in 1952 and came to air in 1963.
In 1994, the station became Radio Capital and in 1997 the station flipped to rock-formatted as Óxido 1180. That format was discontinued in early 1998 in favor of sports talk as Superdeportivo 1180; it lasted until 2001, before Grupo ACIR decided to flip the station to its regional Mexican La Comadre format (which returned to Mexico City in 2015 on XEL-AM 1260). This, too, did not last long, before the Radio Felicidad name and format, which had been associated with the station in its early days, was restored in 2003.
XEFR is the official radio station of the Diablos Rojos del México baseball team and carries their games.
# Hamsun (film)

Hamsun is a 1996 internationally co-produced drama film directed by Jan Troell and written by Per Olov Enquist, about the later life of the Norwegian author Knut Hamsun (Max von Sydow), who, together with his wife Marie Hamsun (Ghita Nørby), went from being a national hero to a traitor after supporting Nazi Germany during their occupation of Norway during World War II.
Sydow and Nørby speak in their native Swedish and Danish languages respectively, though there is a scene where he speaks English and several where she speaks German; the rest of the cast speak Norwegian or German.
The film won the Guldbagge Awards for Best Film, Best Actor (Sydow), Best Actress (Nørby) and Best Screenplay (Enquist). The film was selected as the Danish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 69th Academy Awards, but was not shortlisted as a nominee.

## Cast

* Max von Sydow as Knut Hamsun
* Ghita Nørby as Marie Hamsun
* Anette Hoff as Ellinor Hamsun
* Gard B. Eidsvold as Arild Hamsun
* Eindride Eidsvold as Tore Hamsun
* Åsa Söderling as Cecilia Hamsun
* Sverre Anker Ousdal as Vidkun Quisling
* Liv Steen as Maria Quisling
* Erik Hivju as Dr. Gabriel Langfeldt
* Edgar Selge as Josef Terboven
* Ernst Jacobi as Adolf Hitler
* Svein Erik Brodal as Egil Holmboe
* Per Jansen as Harald Grieg
* Jesper Christensen as Otto Dietrich
* Johannes Joner as Finn Christensen
* Finn Schau - Ørnulv Ødegård

## Production

The plans for the film have a history from 1979, when Thorkild Hansen, the author of the book Processen mod Hamsun contacted Troell since he wanted him to direct a Norwegian television series based on the book. Max von Sydow was meant to do the part as Hamsun already then, but NRK dropped out on the project in the belief that it would be too controversial.
Fourteen years later, in 1993, von Sydow brought the project back to life when he got the Danish production company Nordisk Film interested in adapting the book, this time with Per Olov Enquist, who had written Troell's previous film Il Capitano, providing the screenplay.
The shooting took place during the spring and the summer of 1995, with a budget of around 40 million SEK. The most expensive scene filmed, in which Marie Hamsun witnesses the attack and the sinking of the German cruiser Blücher in the Oslofjord at the Battle of Drøbak Sound on 9 April 1940, was cut from the finished product.

## Release

The film was initially meant to be released in the autumn 1996 at the Venice Film Festival, but was brought forward to the spring as Norwegian television would release another film about Hamsun the same year. It also saved the film from having to compete against Bille August's historical epic Jerusalem.
During the Swedish release Troell and the producer heavily criticized the distributor, Svensk Filmindustri, for the sloppy handling of the film, something he had also experienced with his previous film Il Capitano.
# Toshihiro Hamada

Toshihiro Hamada (浜田 俊裕, Hamada Toshihiro, born 23 October 1941) is a Japanese rower. He competed in the men's coxed pair event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Zuwara Stadium

Zuwara Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Zuwarah, Libya. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Aljazeera SC. The stadium holds 2,000 people.
# Peter Besanko

Peter Besanko (born 7 January 1955) is a former Australian racing cyclist. He won the Australian national road race title in 1976 and 1984. He was the first and fastest in the Melbourne to Warrnambool Classic on three occasions, in 1984, 1989 and 1992. He won the Herald Sun Tour in 1976.
# Tutbury Priory

Tutbury Priory was a Benedictine monastery in Tutbury, Staffordshire, England, founded in 1080 by Henry de Ferrers as a dependency of the abbey of Saint-Pierre-sur-Dives in Normandy and completed in 1089, in memory of King William the Conqueror and his wife Queen Matilda of Flanders, also of Henry de Ferrers' own parents, and in thanksgiving for his own family: "in honour of holy Mary, the Mother of God ... and for the soul of King William and Queen Mathilda, and for the health of my father and mother, and my wife Berta, and my sons, Engenulph, William and Robert, and my daughters and all my ancestors and friends."
William, Earl of Derby, had the body of his great-grandfather, the founder of Tutbury, translated and buried on the south side of the high altar of the priory church.
By an unusual set of administrative errors and procedures Tutbury avoided the confiscation of alien priories in 1414 without undergoing formal denization and continued until 1538, when was dissolved during the Reformation. The prior became vicar of Tutbury, and the western part of the priory church was retained as the parish church, St Mary's Church, Tutbury.
The church has a splendid, much admired Norman doorway and other carvings. Outside there is a very interesting sundial, but the stocks are a reproduction. The graveyard around the church provides reminders of the massive underground explosion at nearby Fauld in 1944, when 68 people died, including Italian prisoners of war.
# Juan Filloy

Juan Filloy (1 August 1894 – 15 July 2000) was an Argentine writer. At various times, he was also a swimmer and a boxing referee. He was a polyglot, speaking seven languages. Most of his life was spent in Rio Cuarto where he served as a magistrate.

## Life and career

Filloy was born in Córdoba. He received many honors and awards during his lifetime, including a nomination for the Nobel Prize. He wrote 55 novels, all of which were given titles with seven letters: Op Oloop, Caterva, ¡Estafen!, Aquende, La Purga, Metopas, Periplo, Balumba, Sexamor, Tal Cual and Zodíaco are among the best known. He also composed over 6,000 palindromes and coined words which have passed into general usage.
He was friends with (and influenced) Julio Cortázar and Jorge Luis Borges. He was also an acquaintance of Sigmund Freud. He died of natural causes while sleeping, shortly before his 106th birthday. He often said that he wanted to live in three centuries. His burial place is in the "Cementerio San Jerónimo" in Córdoba, Argentina.

## Works in English

* Op Oloop; translated by Lisa Dillman. Dalkey Archive Press, 2009. ISBN 978-1-56478-434-6
* Caterva; translated by Brendan Riley. Dalkey Archive Press, 2015. ISBN 978-1628970364

## Works in Dutch

* Op Oloop; translated by Arie van der Wal. Afterword by Mempo Giardinelli. Coppens & Frenks, 1994.
* Caterva; translated by Arie van der Wal. Coppens & Frenks, 1998

## Filmography

* Ecce Homo. Contrakultura, 2005. Directed by Eduardo Montes-Bradley. Film based on the last known interview with Juan Filloy by Ana Da Costa.
# Theodora Bonwick

Theodora Ellen Bonwick (27 December 1876 – 10 November 1928) was a British headteacher, trade unionist, educationist and suffragette.

## Life

Bonwick was born in Shepherd's Bush in London in 1876. Her family had returned from Australia as Bonwick's three elder siblings were born there. Her parents were Sarah (born Beddow) and schoolteacher William Priessnitz Bonwick. Her mother was a suffragist and she had been active in the Women's Liberal Federation. They worked together for the Temperance movement and at a Sunday school.
Bonwick trained as a teacher at Stockwell College of Education, where she obtained a BA degree. Reports recorded her ability for teaching and she received a teacher's certificate.
In 1905 she joined the militant Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) and became a suffragette. When Women's Sunday was organised in 1908 with women marching to Hyde Park it attracted 300,000 spectators. Bonwick was one of the speakers.
Bowick became the secretary of the Hornsey branch of the WSPU. She tried to intercede in the dispute that had broken out in the suffragette leadership between Annie Kenney, Christabel Pankhurst and Sylvia Pankhurst. Emmeline was out of the country and Christabel was telling her younger sister that there was no room for dispute within the WSPU. Bonwick wrote a long letter to Christabel and another to Sylvia asking her to "lie low" as the public should not see more internal conflict in the WSPU. Sylvia was ejected from the WSPU for her socialist and democratic views and Borwick became the president of the Women Teachers' Franchise Union (WTFU) in 1914.
She worked at Enfield Road School for Girls in Hackney and before 1914 she was the headteacher there. She achieved a first when she obtained permission from the parents of the school to deliver sex education to her classes. No other school in London was doing this and when a 1914 enquiry considered this it was rejected – because the teachers would find it difficult.
After the war she was head of York Way Girls' School in King's Cross. She again was radical in following the Dalton Plan and she also opposed competitive sports. School inspectors noted that she was a good head but they disagreed with her views.

## Death and legacy

Bonwick died in London in 1928, the year that all adults in Britain gained the right to vote. In 1990 Bonwick was chosen with three others, Agnes Dawson, Emily Phipps and Ethel Froud, to be featured in Hilda Kean's book, 'Deeds Not Words: The Lives of Suffragette Teachers'.