OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vincent Gore

Vincent Charles Gore (born 23 November 1972) is a South African politician who served in the National Assembly from 1999 to 2009. He represented the Democratic Party (DP) and Democratic Alliance (DA) during his first term, but was elected to his second term under the banner of the Independent Democrats (ID). In September 2007, he crossed the floor from the ID to the African National Congress (ANC).

## Early life and career

Gore was born on 23 November 1972. He grew up in Sandton, a wealthy suburb of Johannesburg. He was an engineer by profession and became wheelchair-bound after a car accident in 1996.

## Legislative career: 1999–2009
### Democratic Party: 1999–2004

In the 1999 general election, Gore was elected to represent the DP (later the DA) in the Gauteng caucus of the National Assembly. His constituency was Alexandra in Johannesburg. He was viewed as a liberal politician and was the party's spokesperson for the disabled.

### Independent Democrats: 2004–2007

In the run-up to the 2004 general election, a leaked copy of the DA's party list suggested that Gore had been placed in an unelectable position. In the final version of the list, Gore was promoted only one rank, from 29th to 28th on the party's regional list for Gauteng. In the aftermath, Gore resigned from the DA and joined the ID; when the election was held in 2004, he was re-elected to the National Assembly from the ID's national list.
During the legislative term that followed, Gore represented the ID as a member of the parliamentary delegation that observed the 2005 Zimbabwean parliamentary elections. The ID withdrew from the delegation in mid-March, with Gore describing it as "a farce and a waste of taxpayers' money", given that "it is quite clear that the upcoming Zimbabwean elections are not going to be free and fair". The leader of the delegation, Mbulelo Goniwe of the ANC, later argued that Gore should compensate Parliament for the costs of his travel since he had absconded voluntarily.

### African National Congress: 2007–2009

During the 2005 floor-crossing window, the Mail & Guardian reported that Gore was resisting advances from the DA, which wanted him to return to his former party. However, during the next floor-crossing window in September 2007, Gore resigned from the ID and defected to the ANC. ID leader Patricia de Lille later dismissed Gore's criticism of her leadership style, describing him as "a serial floor-crosser". Gore left the National Assembly after the 2009 general election.
# Len Joubert

Leonardus Kolbé "Len" Joubert (born 31 August 1948) is a South African politician who served in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2009. He was a member of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) until September 2005, when he crossed the floor to the Democratic Alliance (DA).

## Legislative career

Joubert was elected to the National Assembly in the 2004 general election, ranked 12th on the IFP's national party list. The following year, the Mail & Guardian reported that he was being "wooed" by the DA, another opposition party, and he indeed defected to the DA during the floor-crossing period of September 2005. He later called floor-crossing a "revolting measure" and supported making it illegal.
Serving the rest of his term under the DA's banner, he was the party's spokesman on justice. In that capacity, he sponsored a private member's bill to amend the National Prosecuting Authority Act in order to legislate a role for the Judicial Service Commission in appointing the National Director of Public Prosecutions, which in terms of existing law was a presidential prerogative.

## Later career

In the 2009 general election, Joubert stood for re-election to the National Assembly, but he was listed third on the DA's party list for Mpumalanga and the party won only two seats in the province. In 2021, he was shortlisted for appointment to the South African Human Rights Commission.
# Al-Qabisi

Abu al-Saqr Abd al-Aziz ibn Uthman ibn Ali al-Qabisi, generally known as Al-Qabisi, (Latinised as Alchabitius or Alcabitius), and sometimes known as Alchabiz, Abdelazys, Abdilaziz (Arabic: 'Abd al-Azîz, عبدالعزيز القبيصي), (died 967) was a Muslim astrologer, astronomer, and mathematician.

## Life

Originally from Qabisa in Iraq, Alchabitius later went to Aleppo where he worked for and lived in the palace of Sayf al-Dawla. He died in 967.

## Work

Al-Qabisi is best known for his treatise on judicial astrology, Introduction to the Art of Judgments of the Stars. This was dedicated to the Emir of Aleppo, Prince Sayf al-Dawla, and survives in at least twenty-five Arabic manuscripts, and over two hundred manuscripts of its Latin translation, with twelve printed editions of the Latin work between 1473 and 1521.$^{:1}$ The Arabic text has received at least three Latin translations, which attracted several commentaries and were, in turn, translated into other European languages. In the 12th century it was translated by Johannes Hispalensis. In 1512 it was published by Melchiorre Sessa in Venice. The 1473 copy, and others up until 1521, features writing about Al-Qabisi by John of Saxony, who commented his astrological works.
Al-Qabisi wrote a modest book on arithmetic, "Risala fi anwâ' al-‘adad" (Treatise on the kinds of numbers), in which he discusses Euclid's perfect numbers and how to form them, and Thābit ibn Qurra's theorem on amicable numbers.
Other works include:
* Risala fi al-ab'âd wa-'l-ajrâm (A treatise on distances and bodies);
* Kitāb fi ithbāt ṣinā’at Aḥkām al-nujūm (On Confirming the Art of Astrology);
* Hal al-Zîjat (Solving astronomical tables);
* Risāla fī imtiḥān al-munajjimīn (A treatise for the examination of astrologers)
* Shukūk al-Majisṭī (Doubts on the Almagest);
The belief in the power of stars dated back to Alexandrinian sect of iatromathematicians and the more ancient cult of Hermes Trismegistos.
# Bheki Mnyandu

Bhekinhlahla Jeremia Mnyandu (born 19 November 1955) is a South African academic and politician who represented KwaZulu-Natal in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2009. He was a member of the Democratic Alliance (DA) until September 2005, when he crossed the floor to the African National Congress (ANC).

## Political career

Mnyandu was formerly an academic in KwaZulu-Natal. He joined the National Assembly as a DA representative after the 2004 general election; he was sworn in to the seat, one of the DA's eight in the KwaZulu-Natal caucus, after it was declined by member-elect Visvin Reddy.
Hours before the end of the floor-crossing window of September 2005, Mnyandu announced that he had resigned from the DA in order to join the governing ANC. He was accompanied by three other black DA MPs – Richard Ntuli, Enyinna Nkem-Abonta, and Dan Maluleke – and DA leader Tony Leon later complaint that they had all been "direct beneficiaries of the DA's attempts to increase the diversity of the party's leadership".
In the 2009 general election, Mnyandu stood for re-election under the ANC's banner, but he was ranked too low on the party list to win a seat.
# HD 9289

HD 9289 is a white-hued variable star in the constellation of Cetus. It has the variable-star designation BW Ceti (abbreviated to BW Cet). With an apparent magnitude of 9.38, it is too faint to be observed by the naked eye from Earth. It is located at a distance of approximately 1,000 light-years (310 parsecs) according to Gaia EDR3 parallax measurements, and is moving away from the Solar System at a heliocentric radial velocity of 11.352 km/s.

## Stellar properties

HD 9289 is an A-type main-sequence star with the spectral type A3 SrEuCr. The suffix indicates that the star shows strong spectral lines of strontium, europium, and chromium, characteristic of an Ap star. The star radiates roughly 8.7 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere. It possesses a magnetic field with a strength of 2.0 kG, which is 3,000–9,000 times stronger than Earth's magnetic field (0.22–0.67 G).
The star was first classified as a rapidly oscillating Ap star (roAp) in 1993 by Kurtz et al. when it was found to pulsate at multiple periods, all clustered around 10.5 minutes (1585.06 μHz). Additional observations confirmed the presence of rotational amplitude modulation, similar to that of the well-studied roAp star HR 1217. In 2011, a new set of pulsation frequencies were discovered, the strongest of them being at 1585.936 μHz with an amplitude of 0.63 mmag. Few of them were consistent with the initial reports, however, which was explained by the fact that the measurements by Kurtz et al. were affected by aliasing that caused misidentifications, though an innate shift in the star's pulsation behavior could not be ruled out.
In 2012, the rotational period of HD 9289 was constrained to 8.55±0.08 d through differential photometry observations. This was revised slightly upward in 2021 to 8.660±0.006 d.

## Binary companion

In 2012, a previously undetected visual companion was discovered at a separation of 0.441 arcseconds to the east-northeast of HD 9289. The probability that the two stars are unrelated and aligned by chance is very low (2.16×10$^{−4}$ %), therefore the pair are most certainly part of a wide binary system. The secondary star is about 1.70 magnitudes fainter than the primary when observed in the K band.
# Area function

Area function may refer to:
* Inverse hyperbolic function
* Antiderivative
* The function for determining the area of a plane figure
# Janet Semple

Janet Audrey Semple (born 29 March 1955) is a retired South African politician who served as a Member of the Gauteng Provincial Legislature for the Democratic Alliance (DA) from 2010 to 2019. She was the Provincial Leader of the DA in Gauteng from 2010 to 2012. She previously represented the DA and Democratic Party (DP) in the National Assembly from 1999 to 2009.

## Early life and career

Semple was born on 29 March 1955. She started her political career by serving as both the mayor and deputy mayor of Bedfordview. She was a member of the Women's National Coalition.

## Parliament

Semple joined the National Assembly in the 1999 general election, representing the DP, and stood successfully for re-election in 2004, ranked fourth on the Gauteng party list of the DA, the DP's successor party. She was also Chairperson of the Democratic Alliance's Women Network from 2005 to 2009 and the DA's political head in Benoni. She left Parliament after the 2009 general election.

## Provincial legislature

Semple was elected the Provincial Leader of the Democratic Alliance in April 2010. She defeated incumbent John Moodey by just 8 votes. She was soon appointed to the Gauteng Provincial Legislature in October 2010. She became the party's provincial spokesperson on Housing and the party's head in Boksburg.
Semple announced her retirement as the provincial leader in January 2012. Her predecessor, John Moodey, was elected as her successor at the party's March 2012 conference.
She left the Gauteng Provincial Legislature at the May 2019 general election.
# Eddie Trent

Edward William Trent (1940 – 31 December 2020) was a South African politician. A member of the Progressive Federal Party, he served in the Cape Provincial Council until 1989 when he was elected to the House of Assembly as a member of the Democratic Party. From 1994 to 2004, Trent served in the Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature. He was the first provincial leader of the Democratic Alliance between 2000 and 2002. Trent served in the National Assembly from 2004 until his retirement in 2009.

## Political career

A member of the Progressive Federal Party, Trent represented the Port Elizabeth Central Constituency in the previous Cape Provincial Council alongside Molly Blackburn. Trent later joined the Democratic Party and was elected as Member of Parliament for Port Elizabeth Central in 1989, succeeding retiring party chief whip John Malcomess.
After serving one term in Parliament, Trent was elected as the sole DP representative in the newly established Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature in 1994. He was re-elected to a second term in the provincial legislature in 1999. When the Democratic Alliance was formed in 2000, Trent was elected as the party's first provincial leader in the Eastern Cape. After serving one term as provincial leader, Athol Trollip succeeded him.
Trent was elected to the National Assembly in the 2004 general election. He represented the DA on the Standing Committee on Public Accounts.
Trent wrote to National Assembly Speaker Baleka Mbete in 2005 requesting that Auditor General Shauket Fakie appear before the parliamentary committee on the auditor-general over new revelations on his arms deal report. In March 2008, Trent submitted questions to South African President Thabo Mbeki on his alleged involvement in the arms deal. He alleged in August 2008 that the government had something to hide on the arms deal after Justice Director-General, Adv. Menzi Simelane refused to give the DA access to the German and British Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA) agreements with South Africa.
Trent did not seek re-election to the National Assembly in 2009 and retired from politics. In 2018, he was presented with the Congress award for recognition of lifetime achievement in politics.

## Personal life and death

Trent was married to Elizabeth and they had three children together. Elizabeth served as a city councillor of Port Elizabeth (later Nelson Mandela Bay) from 1995 to 2011. She died from cancer in January 2019. They would have celebrated their 54th wedding anniversary in April 2019.
Trent died from natural causes at his home in Port Elizabeth on 31 December 2020. He was 80 years old.
# Dan Santucci

Dan Santucci (born September 6, 1983) is an American former professional football center. He was selected by the Cincinnati Bengals in the seventh round of the 2007 NFL draft. He played college football at Notre Dame.

## Early life

Santucci attended St.Patrick High School in Chicago where he played both Defensive End and Tight End. In his last two years he made 120 tackles and 14 sacks as well as catching 38 passes for 475 yards and seven touchdowns. He also went to St. Francis Borgia grammar school.

## College career

Santucci attended the University of Notre Dame where he played college football in NCAA Division One. He was then selected by the Cincinnati Bengals in the seventh round of the 2007 NFL draft.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) | 301 lb (137 kg) | 5.15 s | 1.77 s | 2.99 s | 4.74 s | 7.47 s | 29 in (0.74 m) | 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) | 23 reps |
| All values from NFL Combine ||||||||||

### Cincinnati Bengals

Santucci was selected by the Cincinnati Bengals in the seventh round (230th overall) of the 2007 NFL draft. He made his NFL debut at the Cleveland Browns on September 16.
Santucci was waived/injured on August 18, 2009, and subsequently reverted to injured reserve.
He was waived on July 22, 2010.

### Kansas City Chiefs

Santucci signed with the Kansas City Chiefs for pre-season on August 7, 2010. Santucci was cut by the Kansas City Chiefs after the final pre-season game.

### Carolina Panthers

Santucci was signed to the Carolina Panthers practice squad and became a free agent after the season.
# Blackburn Sidecar

The Blackburn Sidecar was a two-seat ultra-light aircraft built by the Blackburn Aeroplane & Motor Company at Brough in 1919. There is no evidence that it ever flew.

## Development

The side-by-side two-seat Sidecar was built by the Blackburn Aeroplane & Motor Co. Ltd. at Brough in 1919 for Mr.K.M Smith.
It was a small mid-winged aircraft, with wings and other flying surfaces of constant chord. It had no fixed tail surfaces. The triangular cross-section fuselage was unusually deep, such that the undercarriage cross-axle was attached to the keel or bottom longeron.
The sole Sidecar, eventually registered G-EALN on 26 August 1920, was exhibited at Harrods Department store in Knightsbridge during March 1919. It did not fly with the low-powered Gnat. About July 1921 the aircraft was sold to Mr. Haydon-White, Blackburn's London manager who had it re-engined with a 100-horsepower (75-kilowatt) Anzani radial. By October 1921 it was logged as unairworthy. There is no record of it flying during these four months.

## Specifications (Gnat)

Data from Janes 1919.
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Length: 20 ft 6 in (6.25 m)
* Wingspan: 27 ft 3 in (8.31 m)
* Height: 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)
* Wing area: 123 sq ft (11.43 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 392 lb (178 kg)
* Gross weight: 850 lb (386 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × ABC Gnat flat twin , 40 hp (30 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 83 mph (134 km/h, 72 kn) (estimated)
* Range: 300 mi (480 km, 260 nmi) (estimated)
# Léon Van Aken

Léon Van Aken (6 September 1897 – 13 March 1978) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1920 Tour de France. He was born in Hoevenen (Belgium) and was living in Kapellen (Belgium). He participated 3 times at the Tour de France (1920-1922-1923). His best performance in the General Classement was the 28th place in 1922. He was riding for following teams: Wonder-Dunlop (1923-1925) – La Française-Diamant-Dunlop (1926) – La Française (1927).
# Massacre (Argentine band)

Massacre is an Argentine alternative rock band formed in 1986 in Buenos Aires. It was formed by high school students influenced by American and British bands of the early 80s Alternative Rock movement. Among his influences, artists like Hüsker Dü, TSOL, Dead Kennedys, Black Flag, Nirvana, The Cure, Guns N' Roses, The Ramones, T. Rex, Sumo, Gustavo Cerati, Luis Alberto Spinetta, among others. Taking cues from the Underground rock scene in the United States, they gained notoriety at the time for being an entirely independent group that self-managed its affairs, as well as producing and distributing its own records (attitudes which were still fairly foreign to Latin American rock bands of the era). This helped pave way for the cult status that the band still enjoys within and outside their native Argentina.
Originally known as Massacre Palestina, they decided to change their name in 1992, in the wake of the attack on the Embassy of Israel, in order to avoid potential censure and controversy.

## Discography

| Year | Album | Disc type |
| 1992 | Sol Lucet Omnibus | Studio albums |
| 1994 | Galería desesperanza | Studio albums |
| 1996 | Juguetes para olvidar | Studio albums |
| 1998 | Aerial | Studio albums |
| 2003 | 12 nuevas patologías | Studio albums |
| 2007 | El mamut | Studio albums |
| 2011 | Ringo | Studio albums |
| 2015 | Biblia Ovni | Studio albums |
| 2024 | Nueve | Studio albums |
| 1987 | Massacre Palestina | Extended play |
| 1995 | L'Alma Occulta | Extended play |
| 2001 | Fue una suerte... | Extended play |
| 2005 | Diferentes maneras | Live album |
| 2000 | Singles, covers y rarities | Compilation album |
# Adrian Prosser

Adrian Prosser (born 28 July 1956) is a Canadian former cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Alain Dansereau

Alain Dansereau (born 13 December 1954) is a Canadian fencer. He competed in the individual and team épée events at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Olsenella umbonata

Olsenella umbonata is a variably Gram-positive, anaerobic and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of Olsenella which has been isolated from a sheep rumen and a pig jejunum.
# Ofentse Mogale

Ohentse Moses Mogale (26 December 1963 – 22 March 2022), commonly spelled Ofentse Mogale, was a South African politician from the North West. He represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2009. After that, he was mayor of the North West's Matlosana Local Municipality from 2010 to 2011.

## Life and career

Mogale was not initially elected to the National Assembly in the 2004 general election but was sworn in shortly after the election, taking up a seat that had been declined by Billy Nair. He did not stand for re-election in 2009.
Instead, in 2010, Mogale was elected as Executive Mayor of Matlosana Local Municipality after the incumbent, China Dodovu, resigned. He served in the mayoral office until the 2011 local elections. Thereafter, he represented the ANC as a councillor in the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality, where he was serving at the time of his death.
Mogale died on 22 March 2022 shortly after being diagnosed with cancer.
# Wetsus

Wetsus - European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology is a research centre for water technology in Leeuwarden, the Netherlands. Over one hundred companies and twenty knowledge institutes work together at Wetsus to develop solutions for global water issues.

## History

Wetsus was established as part of Samenwerkingsverband Noord-Nederland (a public-private partnership in the northern Netherlands, covering Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe), the Frisian Water Alliance, the University of Twente, the University of Groningen and Wageningen University & Research to strengthen the position of the region as major player in the water sector. In 2007 the institute was labeled Top Technological Institute.

## Collaboration

Together with other actors of the WaterCampus Leeuwarden, Wetsus collaborates with several initiatives, such as:
* the Water Alliance to take technological innovations to the market,
* the Centrum voor innovatief vakmanschap water (Centre for innovative craftmanship water) for vocational education;
* the Centre of Expertise Water Technology (CEW) for collaboration in the applied sciences.
Wetsus is home to the MSc Water Technology, a joint degree of the University of Groningen, the University of Twente and Wageningen University & Research.

## Innovation & research

Wetsus studied reverse electrodialysis to generate osmotic power. That research resulted in a spin-off company called REDstack that generates blue energy at the Afsluitdijk in the Netherlands. Wetsus also promoted decentralized sanitation and wastewater reuse in the Netherlands through the spin-off company DeSaH.
As of 2024, research is focused on removing PFAS from water, and the removal of micro and nanoplastics from water.
# Pseudonocardia antarctica

Pseudonocardia antarctica is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from soil from the McMurdo Dry Valleys from the Antarctica.