OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ralph Carey Geer

Ralph Carey Geer (March 13, 1816 – January 9, 1895) was an American farmer and politician in what became the state of Oregon. A native of Connecticut, he lived in Ohio and Illinois before taking the Oregon Trail west to Oregon where he started a nursery and later raised livestock and grew flax. At times a Republican and later a Democrat, he served in the Oregon House of Representatives and as the clerk for the county. He was related to both Homer Davenport and T. T. Geer.

## Early life

Ralph C. Geer was born to Joseph Carey Geer, Sr. and Mary Johnson Geer on March 13, 1816, in Willimantic, Connecticut, a former city now located in the town of Windham in Windham County, Connecticut. The family moved to Madison County, Ohio, when he was still a boy. On January 8, 1837, he married Mary Catherine Willard in London, Ohio, and later moved to Farmington in Knox County, Illinois. In 1847, Geer and his family immigrated to the Oregon Country over the Oregon Trail. The couple had six children in all with two of them born in Oregon. Mary Geer was born September 8, 1851, and the youngest of them Angeline, was born on October 8, 1853, dying at two and half years of age on March 23, 1856.
Geer settled east of Salem in the Waldo Hills and began building a nursery using the apple and pear seedlings he carried with him across the plains to Oregon. Geer spent time as a teacher, imported English sheep to Oregon in 1858, and was a pioneer of flax growing in the Willamette Valley.

## Cayuse War

The Whitman Massacre contributed greatly to the environment that resulted into what is known as the Cayuse War with Native Americans. Several companies of men were organized in response to the war and in 1848 Geer served as Captain of one assigned to protecting the Willamette Valley. In March of that year, he led his troops into the Battle of Abiqua Creek.

## Political career

In 1854, he was elected to the Oregon Territorial Legislature to represent Marion County. He served during the 1854 to 1855 session in the lower House of Representatives. In July 1868 he was elected Clerk of Marion County and served a single two-year term, leaving office in June 1870.

## Later years and family

Ralph Geer was the uncle of Oregon Governor Theodore Thurston Geer. He was also the grandfather of political cartoonist Homer Davenport. Ralph Carey Geer died in the Waldo Hills on January 9, 1895, at the age of 79 and was buried at Mt. Hope Pioneer Cemetery east of Salem in the Waldo Hills. Geer's house, still located on his original Donation Land Claim is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the R. C. Geer Farmhouse.
# Barthes (disambiguation)

Roland Barthes (1915–1980) was a French philosopher and literary theorist
Barthes or Barthès may also refer to:

## Other people with the surname

* Christophe Barthès (born 1966), French politician
* Joana Barthes (1898-1972), Catalan poet writing as Clardeluna
* Pierre Barthès (born 1941), French tennis player
* Sophie Barthes (born 1974), French-American film director
* Yann Barthès (born 1974), French journalist
# Armeno-Kipchak language

Armeno-Kipchak (Xıpçaχ tili, Tatarça) was a Turkic language belonging to the Kipchak branch of the family that was spoken in Crimea during the 14–15th centuries. The language has been documented from the literary monuments of 16–17th centuries written in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (modern day Ukraine) in the Armenian script. Armeno-Kipchak resembles the language of Codex Cumanicus, which was compiled in the 13th century.
Speakers of the Armeno-Kipchak are considered to be linguistically assimilated Armenians. Armeno-Kipchak-speakers generally identified as Armenian.
# John Edward Mower

John Edward Mower (September 18, 1815 – June 11, 1879) was a member of the Minnesota Territorial Legislature in the 1850s. On March 1, 1856, the second territorial Governor Willis A. Gorman (D) honored him by giving the newly created Mower County his name.

## Biography

John was born in New Vineyard, Maine, in 1815. His family made the move west and settled in St. Louis, Missouri, where he met and married Gratia A. Remick. He and his brother, Martin, moved their families to the area around St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin, and established themselves in the lumber business in 1843. In 1845 John floated his family downriver on a raft made from the lumber that he would use to build the second frame building in Stillwater, Minnesota, their new home. The Mower brothers built a house in the style of Greek Revival in Arcola in 1847 and it is now on the National Register of Historic Places. He died on June 11, 1879, and is buried in Fairview Cemetery in Stillwater, Minnesota.

## Political career

John Edward Mower was elected to the fifth and sixth Minnesota Territorial Councils and in 1875 he was elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives.
# David Olmsted

David Olmsted (May 5, 1822 – February 2, 1861) was the fourth mayor of St. Paul, Minnesota and first president of the Minnesota Territorial Council. He was a Democrat.

## Career

He was born in Fairfax, Vermont, and spent many years as a trader with the Winnebago Indians near Fort Atkinson, Iowa, and at Long Prairie, Minnesota, in 1848 before settling in St. Paul in 1853. Olmsted served in the first Iowa Constitutional Convention of 1846; he then served in the Minnesota Territorial Legislature in the Minnesota Territorial Council in 1849 and 1851. He also edited the Minnesota Democrat, a frontier newspaper. After the city's charter was written in 1854, he was elected the city's first mayor and served one term. He was replaced by Alexander Ramsey. His wife was named Stevens, they had two children. He left Minnesota because of failing health, dying at his mother's house in Vermont.

## Minnesota Territorial Council

The 1st Minnesota Territorial Legislature convened on September 3, 1849. The first act of business for the Territorial Council was to select a president pro tempore. Samuel Burkleo was elected on Olmsted's motion.
The following day, Olmsted received 5 votes out of 9 to be elected the permanent president of the Council. He recited the first recorded address to the Minnesota Territorial Council:
   Gentlemen: In accepting the station which your partiality has called me to occupy, my first emotions are to thank you heartily for the honor which you have thus unexpectedly conferred upon me. At the same time, however, I beg leave candidly to assure you that I had hoped that your choice would have fallen upon some one of your number whose talents and experience I know, render them better qualified than myself to preside over the deliberations of this Council.
   Possessing but little knowledge in legislation, and but a limited knowledge of parliamentary practice, it is but natural that I should have felt some hesitation in accepting a post where the responsibilities are so great, and the duties so embarrassing, and were it not for the reliance which I place upon your generous assistance and forbearance, I should certainly feel it my duty to decline the honor which you have so magnanimously proffered me.
   In view of the high responsibilities devolving upon the Chair, it will not, I trust, be expected, that I shall on all occasions, be able to discharge my duties entirely satisfactory to you all, and should errors occur, as they undoubtedly will, I claim the right to throw myself upon your indulgence, fully assured that you will ever be ready to assist, and if necessary, to forgive.
   Believing that an honor of this character should neither be sought nor avoided, I feel myself at liberty to accept this appointment, and in conclusion, will again tender you my thanks for this flattering demonstration of your kindness.
The following day, committees were appointed. Olmsted, as president, would serve on none during his first term.

## Legacy

Olmsted County, Minnesota, is named in his honor.
# Jeremiah Russell (Minnesota politician)

Jeremiah Russell (February 2, 1809 – June 13, 1885) was an American pioneer and territorial legislator.
Born in Eaton, New York, Russell moved to Fort Snelling, Wisconsin Territory in 1837. In 1845, he moved to what is now Sauk Rapids, Minnesota and founded the village in 1854. Russell was an Indian trader and stated a newspaper, the "Sauk Rapids Frontierman." In 1849, Russell served in the first Minnesota Territorial Legislature, in the Minnesota Territorial House of Representatives. He also served in various county offices in Benton County, Minnesota. He died in Sauk Rapids, Minnesota.
# Liqiu

Solar term :
| Term | Longitude | Dates |
| Lichun | 315° | 4–5 February |
| Yushui | 330° | 18–19 February |
| Jingzhe | 345° | 5–6 March |
| Chunfen | 0° | 20–21 March |
| Qingming | 15° | 4–5 April |
| Guyu | 30° | 20–21 April |
| Lixia | 45° | 5–6 May |
| Xiaoman | 60° | 21–22 May |
| Mangzhong | 75° | 5–6 June |
| Xiazhi | 90° | 21–22 June |
| Xiaoshu | 105° | 7–8 July |
| Dashu | 120° | 22–23 July |
| Liqiu | 135° | 7–8 August |
| Chushu | 150° | 23–24 August |
| Bailu | 165° | 7–8 September |
| Qiufen | 180° | 23–24 September |
| Hanlu | 195° | 8–9 October |
| Shuangjiang | 210° | 23–24 October |
| Lidong | 225° | 7–8 November |
| Xiaoxue | 240° | 22–23 November |
| Daxue | 255° | 7–8 December |
| Dongzhi | 270° | 21–22 December |
| Xiaohan | 285° | 5–6 January |
| Dahan | 300° | 20–21 January |
The traditional Chinese calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. Lìqiū, Risshū, Ipchu, or Lập thu (Chinese: 立秋; pinyin: lìqiū) is the 13th solar term. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 135° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 150°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 135°. In the Gregorian calendar, it usually begins around August 7 and ends around August 23.
Liqiu signifies the beginning of autumn in East Asian cultures.

## Date and time

Date and Time (UTC) :
| Year | Begin | End |
| 辛巳 | 2001-08-07 10:52 | 2001-08-23 01:27 |
| 壬午 | 2002-08-07 16:39 | 2002-08-23 07:16 |
| 癸未 | 2003-08-07 22:24 | 2003-08-23 13:08 |
| 甲申 | 2004-08-07 04:19 | 2004-08-22 18:53 |
| 乙酉 | 2005-08-07 10:03 | 2005-08-23 00:45 |
| 丙戌 | 2006-08-07 15:40 | 2006-08-23 06:22 |
| 丁亥 | 2007-08-07 21:31 | 2007-08-23 12:07 |
| 戊子 | 2008-08-07 03:16 | 2008-08-22 18:02 |
| 己丑 | 2009-08-07 09:01 | 2009-08-22 23:38 |
| 庚寅 | 2010-08-07 14:49 | 2010-08-23 05:26 |
| 辛卯 | 2011-08-07 20:33 | 2011-08-23 11:20 |
| 壬辰 | 2012-08-07 02:30 | 2012-08-22 17:06 |
| 癸巳 | 2013-08-07 08:20 | 2013-08-22 23:01 |
| 甲午 | 2014-08-07 14:02 | 2014-08-23 04:46 |
| 乙未 | 2015-08-07 20:01 | 2015-08-23 10:37 |
| 丙申 | 2016-08-07 01:53 | 2016-08-22 16:38 |
| 丁酉 | 2017-08-07 07:40 | 2017-08-22 22:20 |
| 戊戌 | 2018-08-07 13:30 | 2018-08-23 04:08 |
| 己亥 | 2019-08-07 19:13 | 2019-08-23 10:02 |
| 庚子 | 2020-08-07 01:06 | 2020-08-22 15:44 |
| 辛丑 | 2021-08-07 06:53 | 2021-08-22 21:35 |
| 壬寅 | 2022-08-07 12:29 | 2022-08-23 03:16 |
| 癸卯 | 2023-08-07 18:22 | 2023-08-23 09:01 |
| 甲辰 | 2024-08-07 00:09 | 2024-08-22 14:55 |
| 乙巳 | 2025-08-07 05:51 | 2025-08-22 20:33 |
| 丙午 | 2026-08-07 11:42 | 2026-08-23 02:18 |
| 丁未 | 2027-08-07 17:26 | 2027-08-23 08:14 |
| 戊申 | 2028-08-06 23:21 | 2028-08-22 14:00 |
| 己酉 | 2029-08-07 05:11 | 2029-08-22 19:51 |
| 庚戌 | 2030-08-07 10:47 | 2030-08-23 01:36 |
| Source: JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System |||
# Elias Bogan

Elias Bogan is a fictional mutant character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He first appeared in X-Treme X-Men #21 (July 2001), and was created by Chris Claremont.

## Fictional character biography

Elias Bogan is a wealthy, reclusive mutant who is rumored to be the inspiration for the Hellfire Club. After losing a bet to Sebastian Shaw and his advisor Tessa, Bogan harbors a grudge against the latter and attempts to exact revenge years later by capturing her and branding her face with blood-like tattoos. However, Tessa is rescued by Storm of the X-Men.
In subsequent appearances, Bogan battles the X-Men, briefly enslaves Rachel Summers, and gains access to Cerebra. He also establishes a secret base in the catacombs under the X-Corporation, where he once had a branch of the Hellfire Club.

## Powers and abilities

Elias Bogan possesses mutant telepathic abilities that enable him to communicate with and possess others, causing them to bleed from their eyes.
# Ebenezer Childs

Ebenezer Childs (April 3, 1797 – December 15, 1864) was an American pioneer, builder and legislator.
Childs was born in Barre, Massachusetts, on April 3, 1797, and was orphaned as a child. He left Massachusetts in 1816 for New York in order to avoid taxes, and then made his way to Ohio and then Michigan, where he made a profit smuggling whiskey into the military garrison. In 1820, Childs settled in Green Bay, Michigan Territory, where he built homes and sawmills. Eventually he opened a store and was a fur trapper. In 1825, he built the first frame house in Wisconsin for James Duane Doty.
In 1829, he was appointed sheriff of Brown County, Michigan Territory, a post he held until 1836. He was in the Wisconsin Territorial House of Representatives from 1836 to 1840 and was appointed sergeant at arms for the Wisconsin Territorial Council from 1842 to 1843. In 1838, he was named commissary general for Wisconsin Territory and was named a colonel. Childs went to Copper Harbor, Michigan, in 1845, where he built the first sawmill in the Upper Peninsula. He moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1852 and to La Crosse, Wisconsin, where he had property.
He died in La Crosse on December 15, 1864.
# BeHafizh

BeHafizh is a mobile application to assist in the effort to memorize Qur'anic verses. The software runs on the Android operating system.
This application was made by a team from Gadjah Mada University (UGM) consisting of Farid Amin Ridwanto, Rian Adam Rajagede and Alfian Try Putranto in order to participate in the National Student Musabaqoh Tilawatil Quran (MTQ) held at University of Indonesia (UI) on 1- August 8, 2015. This application then won a gold medal in the branch of Computer Application Design in the competition.

## Features
### Audio Player

Audio player, paragraph can be played repeatedly, with pause, and can be done on a certain range of Quranic verses.

### Memorization Test

Memorization testing continues users to improve their memorization. Memorization Recorders improves user's ability to recite Quran.
# Egidio Sterpa

Egidio Sterpa (22 September 1926 – 1 July 2010) was an Italian journalist and politician.

## Biography
### Journalistic career

In 1948, Sterpa founded, along with Pino Rauti and Enzo Erra, La Sfida (The Challenge), the political-cultural magazine of the youth of the Italian Social Movement. The magazine came out on newsstands from 1948 to 1950. In June 1951, Sterpa was arrested and accused of fascist apology; he was released the following month.
He began his professional career in journalism as reporter for Il Tempo, and in 1951, at the age of 25, became editor-in-chief. He later began editor-in-chief for Il Giornale d'Italia until 1958, when he started working for Corriere della Sera. He left the Corriere in 1972, when it began supporting the entry of the Italian Communist Party in the Italian government.
In 1974, he joined Indro Montanelli in the creation of Il Giornale and wrote articles in Montanelli's newspaper since the first issue, until April 2008. From May 2008 to August 2009, Sterpa worked for Libero.

### Political career

He has been elected to the Chamber of Deputies with the Italian Liberal Party from 1979 to 1994. He was a member of the right-wing of the party and became Renato Altissimo's Deputy Secretary. From 1989 to 1992, he has been appointed Minister for Parliamentary Relations in the last two cabinets led by Giulio Andreotti.
In 1994, Sterpa is one of the first to join Silvio Berlusconi's Forza Italia, with which he is elected once again Deputy in 2001 and Senator in 2006.
Sterpa has died in Milan on 1 July 2010, at the age of 83.
# Cor de Jager

General Cornelis "Cor" de Jager (17 August 1925 – 1 December 2001) was an officer of the Royal Netherlands Army, Chief of the Defence Staff from 1980 to 1983 and Chairman of the NATO Military Committee from 1983 to 1986.

## Selected publications

* "NATO's Strategy", NATO Review, 34/5 (October 1986).
# John Claude Nattes

John Claude Nattes (c.1765, London–1839, Dover) was a watercolourist and topographical draughtsman of either French or English origin.
In 1789 Sir Joseph Banks commissioned him to record the buildings of Lincolnshire and this resulted in more than 700 drawings and watercolours, made between 1789 and 1797, which are now preserved in Lincoln Central Library. This body of work provides researchers with a great deal of material with which to study pre-Victorian topography. Nattes accompanied John Stoddart on his tours of Scotland in 1799 and 1800 and contributed illustrations to his Remarks on Local Scenery and Manners in Scotland (1801).
Nattes produced some of the earliest examples of watercolour painting in Britain. He was associated with the founding of the Society of Painters in Watercolours, founded in 1804, but he was expelled after two years for exhibiting other peoples’ work as his own. He continued to exhibit at the Royal Academy until 1814.
According to the Dictionary of National Biography Nattes died in London in 1822. However he may have died in Dover, in 1839. This later date is supported by his apparently being a witness at the wedding of Robert Holdsworth Carew Hunt and Bridget Margaret Barber on 16 June 1836 at Holy Trinity Church, Clapham. According to Dover Museum, "The parish records show that John Claude Nattes of Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, Middlesex (London), died 7th September 1839 at Dover, aged about 75 years. His funeral was held at St Mary's Church Dover, on the 14th September 1839, and he was buried in Cowgate Cemetery Dover where the gravestone can still be seen". It is believed Nattes was temporarily resident in Dover for the sea air and sea bathing benefits to his health.
John Claude Nattes married Sarah Barber, daughter of William and Jane Barber. Their son Charles Claude Nattes, born 13 January 1794, was christened in St Andrew, Holborn. He died 21 January 1818 in Penang as a lieutenant in the service of the Madras Engineers. Sarah died in late 1845.
# Bruno Carette

Bruno Carette (November 26, 1956 – December 8, 1989) was a French humorist and comedian. He was a member and founder of the group of comedians Les Nuls alongside Alain Chabat, Chantal Lauby and Dominique Farrugia.

## Filmography

* 1988 : Sans peur et sans reproche directed by Gérard Jugnot
* 1990 : May Fools directed by Louis Malle
* 1994 : La cité de la peur directed by Alain Berbérian (archive footage)
* This article about a French writer or poet is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Mocarze

Mocarze is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jedwabne, within Łomża County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Jedwabne, 31 km (19 mi) north-east of Łomża, and 52 km (32 mi) north-west of the regional capital Białystok.
# Wilson Potter

Wilson Potter (died 1936) was a New York City-based architect. A number of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
His office was at 3 Union Square before moving to larger space at 22 East 17th Street in 1918.
Works include:
* Broad Street School (1897), 100 Broad Street, Norwich, Connecticut, NRHP-listed
* United Bank Building (1902–04), 19-21 Main St., New Milford, Connecticut, NRHP-listed
* Hall Memorial Library (1903), Ellington, Connecticut
* Bristol Public Library (1907), Bristol, Connecticut
* Washington School (1907), Ossining, New York, NRHP-listed
* South School (1915), 362 S. Main St., Torrington, Connecticut, NRHP-listed
* Uncasville School (1917-1918), 310 Norwich-New London Turnpike, in the Uncasville section of Montville, Connecticut, NRHP-listed
* Randall & Green Building, New Milford, Connecticut
* High school, Oneida, New York
* High school, Watertown, New York
# Sittichenbach Abbey

Sittichenbach Abbey (Kloster Sittichenbach), sometimes also known as Sichem Abbey, is a Cistercian monastery in Sittichenbach, now part of Osterhausen near Eisleben in the Mansfeld-Südharz district, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

## First foundation

The abbey was founded as a daughter house of Walkenried Abbey in 1141 by Esiko II of Bornstedt, under the first abbot Volkuin. The new foundation rapidly acquired extensive lands on which to establish farms. In 1180 monks from Sittichenbach, at the request of margrave Otto I of Brandenburg, established Lehnin Abbey. Later foundations were Buch Abbey near Leisnig (1192) and Grünhain Abbey in the Erzgebirge (1235). In 1208, Bishop Conrad of Halberstadt retired to Sittichenbach.
In 1346 the abbey suffered greatly from a feud between Ludwig von Meißen, Bishop of Halberstadt, and the Count of Mansfeld. The abbot and monks were taken hostage and treated so harshly that several of them died. The Count of Mansfeld was excommunicated as a result of this incident.
In 1540 in the course of the Reformation the abbey was dissolved. It was at first in the possession of the Counts of Mansfeld and transferred by them in 1612 to John George I, Elector of Saxony.
From this time onwards the abbey premises were used for local government purposes. Amt Sittichenbach passed in 1656 to Saxe-Weissenfels and from 1686 to 1745 to the Principality of Saxe-Querfurt, after which it was included in the Electorate or Kingdom of Saxony. It was incorporated into the new Prussian state in 1815.

## Second foundation

After the reunification of Germany in 1990, the lands and remaining buildings were returned after nearly 500 years to the Cistercian order. They have done much restoration, including a very creative re-building of the chapel which is used for daily prayer. Other buildings have been added and restored so that the site has become a hotel and retreat centre. An open field has been developed into a beautiful area for meditative walks which includes gardens, worship spaces, shrines and a labyrinth.
There are a few remains of the original abbey buildings still to be seen: among them are the abbots' chapel, the fishpond and the dovecote.