OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grong Grong

Grong Grong /ˈɡrɒŋ ˈɡrɒŋ/ is a small town that is located in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. The town is situated on the Newell Highway, 23 kilometres (14 mi) east of Narrandera in the Shire of Narrandera.
The name Grong Grong is an Aboriginal term meaning "bad camping ground" or "very bad camping ground".

## Bypass

Grong Grong was bypassed in February 2018, to straighten the Newell Highway or A39 by about 2 kilometres and also to eliminate a notorious 25 km/h bend that had caused many accidents, especially trucks overturning.

## Demography

Like many rural localities in the area, the population has progressively declined over a number of years, evidenced as follows:
Selected historical census data for Grong Grong state suburb :
| Census year | Census year | Census year | 2001 | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Population | Population | Estimated residents on Census night | unavailable | 537 | 391 | 250 |

## Facilities

The Grong Grong post office was opened on 1 November 1881.
The town has a railway station on the Hay branch off the Main Southern Line. However, the line has closed so with it has the station. Only part of the line is used by a weekly passenger train to Griffith which does not stop at the station. Grong Grong can be accessed by coaches that stop at the town on the way to Hay and Mildura.
Berembed Weir is located 20 km south of the town. The weir diverts water from the Murrumbidgee River into the main canal which flows onto the Murrimbidgee Irrigation Area to serve irrigation farmers in the Leeton and Griffith area. The weir and nearby reserve is popular among local anglers, as well as the various riverside locations situated just 5 km to Grong Grong's south.

## Sport

The most popular sport in Grong Grong is Australian rules football, as it lies on the Canola Way, a geographical pocket stretching to nearby Marrar, despite New South Wales being a largely rugby league supporting state. The local team, Ganmain-Grong Grong-Matong, play in the Riverina Football League.
Regular sporting events include golf, tennis and softball, all hosted at the Grong Grong Sports Club.
Grong Grong also hosts annual sporting events such as the Grong Grong Rodeo, Team Penning and Gymkhana.

## Heritage listings

Grong Grong has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* Murrumbidgee River: Wooden Wicket, Berembed Weir

## Gallery

* The Royal Hotel at Grong Grong
* An aerial view of Grong Grong, in 2007
* St Patrick's Roman Catholic Church
* School of Arts hall
* Grong Grong railway siding
# List of number-one country albums of 1994 (Canada)

These are the Canadian number-one country albums of 1994, per the RPM Country Albums chart.
| Issue date | Album | Artist' |
| January 10 | The Other Side | Charlie Major |
| January 17 | In Pieces | Garth Brooks |
| January 24 | Clay Walker | Clay Walker |
| January 31 | Clay Walker | Clay Walker |
| February 7 | Common Thread: The Songs of the Eagles | Various Artists |
| February 14 | Common Thread: The Songs of the Eagles | Various Artists |
| February 21 | Common Thread: The Songs of the Eagles | Various Artists |
| February 28 | Kickin' It Up | John Michael Montgomery |
| March 7 | Kickin' It Up | John Michael Montgomery |
| March 14 | Kickin' It Up | John Michael Montgomery |
| March 21 | Kickin' It Up | John Michael Montgomery |
| March 28 | Kickin' It Up | John Michael Montgomery |
| April 4 | New Country | Various Artists |
| April 11 | New Country | Various Artists |
| April 18 | No Doubt About It | Neal McCoy |
| April 25 | No Doubt About It | Neal McCoy |
| May 2 | New Country | Various Artists |
| May 9 | Rhythm, Country and Blues | Various Artists |
| May 16 | Rhythm, Country and Blues | Various Artists |
| May 23 | Rhythm, Country and Blues | Various Artists |
| May 30 | Rhythm, Country and Blues | Various Artists |
| June 6 | Not a Moment Too Soon | Tim McGraw |
| June 13 | Not a Moment Too Soon | Tim McGraw |
| June 20 | Not a Moment Too Soon | Tim McGraw |
| June 27 | Not a Moment Too Soon | Tim McGraw |
| July 4 | Country Heat 4 | Various Artists |
| July 11 | Country Heat 4 | Various Artists |
| July 18 | John Berry | John Berry |
| July 25 | Who I Am | Alan Jackson |
| August 1 | Who I Am | Alan Jackson |
| August 8 | Who I Am | Alan Jackson |
| August 15 | Who I Am | Alan Jackson |
| August 22 | Who I Am | Alan Jackson |
| August 29 | Who I Am | Alan Jackson |
| September 5 | Maverick (soundtrack) | Various Artists |
| September 12 | Maverick (soundtrack) | Various Artists |
| September 19 | Kickin' It Up | John Michael Montgomery |
| September 26 | Kickin' It Up | John Michael Montgomery |
| October 3 | Who I Am | Alan Jackson |
| October 10 | In Pieces | Garth Brooks |
| October 17 | In Pieces | Garth Brooks |
| October 24 | Not a Moment Too Soon | Tim McGraw |
| October 31 | Stones in the Road | Mary Chapin Carpenter |
| November 7 | Stones in the Road | Mary Chapin Carpenter |
| November 14 | Waitin' on Sundown | Brooks & Dunn |
| November 21 | Waitin' on Sundown | Brooks & Dunn |
| November 28 | The Tractors | The Tractors |
| December 5 | The Tractors | The Tractors |
| December 12 | Waitin' on Sundown | Brooks & Dunn |
| December 19 | Waitin' on Sundown | Brooks & Dunn |
# Judo at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's 57 kg

The women's 57 kg competition of the judo events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on 28 October at the Contact Sports Center (Centro de Entrenamiento de los Deportes de Contacto) in Santiago, Chile. A total of 11 athletes from 10 NOC's competed.

## Schedule

All times are local (UTC−3)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Saturday, 28 October 2023 | 10:00 | Elimination round of 16 |
| Saturday, 28 October 2023 | 11:00 | Quarterfinals |
| Saturday, 28 October 2023 | 12:00 | Repechage |
| Saturday, 28 October 2023 | 12:00 | Semifinals |
| Saturday, 28 October 2023 | 15:00 | Finals |

## Results
### Main Bracket

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Gold medal contest | Gold medal contest |
| | | Rafaela Silva (BRA) | 10 | | |
| | | Kristine Jiménez (PAN) | 00 | | |
| Mariah Holguin (USA) | 00 | Kristine Jiménez (PAN) | 00 | | |
| Kristine Jiménez (PAN) | 01 | | | | |
| Kristine Jiménez (PAN) | 01 | | | Rafaela Silva (BRA) | 10 |
| | | | | María Villalba (COL) | 00 |
| | | María Villalba (COL) | 10 | | |
| | | Astrid Gavidia (ECU) | 00 | | |
| Astrid Gavidia (ECU) | 10 | Astrid Gavidia (ECU) | 00 | | |
| Marian Flores (PER) | 00 | | | | | | |
| Marian Flores (PER) | 00 | | | | | Rafaela Silva (BRA) | 10 |
| | | | | | | Brisa Gómez (ARG) | 00 |
| | | Brisa Gómez (ARG) | 10 | | | | |
| | | Renata Ortiz (MEX) | 00 | | | | |
| | | | | Brisa Gómez (ARG) | 10 | | |
| | | | | Ana Rosa García (DOM) | 00 |
| | | Ana Rosa García (DOM) | 10 | | |
| | | Tasha Cancela (USA) | 00 | | |
| Elizabeth Segura (CHI) | 00 | Tasha Cancela (USA) | 00 | | |
| Tasha Cancela (USA) | 10 | | | | |

### Repechage

| Repechage | Repechage | Bronze medal contests | Bronze medal contests |
| Kristine Jiménez (PAN) | 01 | | |
| Astrid Gavidia (ECU) | 00 | | |
| Astrid Gavidia (ECU) | 00 | Kristine Jiménez (PAN) | 01 |
| | | Ana Rosa García (DOM) | 00 |
| Renata Ortiz (MEX) | 00 | | |
| Tasha Cancela (USA) | 10 | | |
| Tasha Cancela (USA) | 10 | Tasha Cancela (USA) | 00 |
| | | María Villalba (COL) | 10 |
# Felice A. Beato

Felice A. Beato and Felice Antonio Beato are collective signatures used by the brothers Felice Beato and Antonio Beato, who were both pioneering photographers in the 19th century. They were noted for their depictions of everyday life in Orient.

## Description

The brothers sometimes worked together, signing their photographs collectively. Consequently, it was long assumed that such photographs were the work of one photographer who somehow managed to photograph at the same time in places as distant as Egypt and Japan. It was only in 1983 that the truth of the matter was revealed, in a paper by Italo Zannier. The confusion arising from the signatures continues to cause problems in identifying which of the two photographers was the creator of a given image. Both signatures may refer to either or both photographers.
The brothers were active in the Middle East and Asia from the early 1850s through to the early 20th century and were among the first photographers to take photographs of the Orient. At that time, tourist travel to Middle East created strong demand for photographs as souvenirs. The Beato brothers were part of a group of early photographers who made their way to the East to capitalise on this demand. These pioneering photographers included Frenchmen, Félix Bonfils (1831–1885); Gustave Le Gray (1820–1884) and Hippolyte Arnoux, brothers Henri and Emile Bechard and the Greek Zangaki brothers, many of whom were in Egypt at the same time and entered into both formal and informal working partnerships. These early photographers, including the Beato Brothers, were among the first commercial photographers to produce images on a large scale in the Middle East.
From time to time, the brothers split up and joined with other pioneering photographers for specific projects. In 1855, one of the brothers, Felice, teamed up with the pair's brother-in-law, James Robertson and travelled to the Crimea where they assumed responsibility for war photography. and made their reputation by depicting the destruction and death associated with the conflict. Their Crimean images dramatically changed the way that war was reported and depicted.
In July 1858 Antonio joined Felice in Calcutta. Felice had been in India since the beginning of the year photographing the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, but Antonio left India the following year for health reasons, and headed for Malta by way of Suez. By the early 1860, Antonio was in Cairo where he opened a photographic studio and went into partnership with the French photographer, Hippolyte Arnoux. By 1863 Felice was living and working in Japan.
The Beato brothers' images of Egypt were distinctly different to those of other pioneering photographers working in the Middle East and Asia. Whereas most photographers focussed on the grandeur of monuments and architecture, the Beatos concentrated on scenes of everyday life.
# Chief officer

A chief officer can refer to any of various leaders:

## Military

* Chief petty officer
* Chief warrant officer

## Marine occupation

* Chief mate

## Corporate title

Collectively referred to as being part of the C-suite:

### Business

* Chief executive officer
* Chief operating officer
* Chief information officer
* Chief technical officer
* Chief accounting officer
* Chief administrative officer
* Chief analytics officer
* Chief channel officer
* Chief celebration officer
* Chief compliance officer
* Chief communications officer
* Chief creative officer
* Chief content officer
* Chief customer officer
* Chief data officer
* Chief financial officer
* Chief governance officer
* Chief information security officer
* Chief knowledge officer
* Chief learning officer
* Chief legal officer
* Chief marketing officer
* Chief networking officer
* Chief process officer
* Chief procurement officer
* Chief risk officer
* Chief security officer
* Chief science officer
* Chief strategy officer
* Chief solutions officer
* Chief sustainability officer
* Chief technology officer
* Chief visionary officer

### Education

* Chief academic officer
* Chief business officer

### Government

* Chief Dental Officer (disambiguation)
* Chief District Officer
* Chief Electoral Officer (disambiguation)
* Chief fire officer
* Chief firearms officer
* Chief Medical Officer
* Chief police officer
* Chief Veterinary Officer
# Radlett railway station

Radlett railway station is on the Midland Main Line in England, serving the village of Radlett, Hertfordshire. It is 15 miles 17 chains (24.5 km) down the line from London St Pancras and is situated between Elstree & Borehamwood to the south and St Albans City to the north. Its three-letter station code is RDT.
The station is served by Thameslink-operated trains on the Thameslink route.
East Midlands Railway services from Leeds, Sheffield, Leicester and Nottingham run through at speed, but do not stop. Interchange with inter-city services can be made at Luton and St Pancras.
It was built by the Midland Railway in 1868 on its extension to St Pancras. The original intention had been to name the station Aldenham. In the early 20th century, Walter Phillimore, who owned Radlett, built many houses, one of the first "commuter villages".
The station has a PlusBus scheme where train and bus tickets can be bought together for a cheaper price. In Summer 2019 Radlett became part of TfL's Oyster card and contactless payment travel system.

## Services

All services at Radlett are operated by Thameslink using Class 700 EMUs.
The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:
* 6 tph to St Albans City of which 2 continue to Luton
* 2 tph to Rainham via Dartford
* 4 tph to Sutton (2 of these run via Mitcham Junction and 2 run via Wimbledon)
During the peak hours, the station is served by additional services between Luton and Orpington via Catford, as well as some late evening services to and from Bedford.
The station is also served by a night service between Bedford and Three Bridges on Sunday to Friday nights.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| St Albans City | | ThameslinkThameslink | | Elstree & Borehamwood |

## History

In 1979, the station was rebuilt at a cost of £500,000 as part of the Midland Suburban Electrification scheme between St Pancras and Bedford. The rebuilt station, which used the same box-shaped architectural design as the new station at Bedford, was formally opened on 17 December 1979 by the local MP, Cecil Parkinson. Speaking at the opening ceremony, British Rail London Divisional Manager, Harry Reed, expressed the hope that electrification would be extended to Kettering and then from Bletchley to Bedford.
# Darshan Singh Pheruman

Darshan Singh Pheruman (1 August 1885 – 27 October 1969) was an Indian freedom fighter, Sikh activist and politician.

## Early life

Darshan Singh Pheruman was born on 1 August 1888 at Amritsar, India in a Sikh family. In 1912, he joined Indian Army as a sepoy. In 1914, he left the Army and started his own construction business in Hissar.

## Pre-Independence activism

Later, Pheruman gave up his business and joined the Gurdwara Reform Movement. In 1921, he was arrested and jailed for one year during an agitation launched to recover the keys of the Golden Temple treasury from the British deputy commissioner of Amritsar. In December 1924, as a part of the Gurdwara Reform Movement, he led a group of Sikhs referred to as Shahidi jatha (14th of total 16 groups) into the Jaito agitation. He was arrested and jailed for ten months. The agitation ended with the enactment of the Sikh Gurdwaras Act, 1925. In 1926, he took part in the Non-cooperation movement launched by the Indian National Congress and went to jail for 14 months. In 1926, he visited Malaya and was arrested because of his past record in India. In jail, he was not allowed to wear Kacchera, one the five articles of Sikh faith, which a Sikh must wear all the time. As a protest, he went on hunger strike for over three weeks. Upon his return from Malaya, he joined the civil disobedience movement and went to jail three times. He favored the Akali Dal participation in Quit India Movement and himself took part in it.

## Post-Independence

After the Indian independence, Pheruman became a member of Rajya Sabha until 1964. In 1959, he left the Indian National Congress and joined the newly formed Swatantra Party.

## Fast unto death

After the creation of Punjab, India on linguistic lines in 1966, Akali Dal demanded that Chandigarh and certain other Punjabi speaking areas which were not part of Punjab should be transferred to Punjab. On 17 December 1966, Akali Dal leader Sant Fateh Singh went into a fast and threatened to self-immolate himself 10 days later on 27 December 1966. However, Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi promised to arbitrate the dispute and Fateh Singh ended his fast on 27 December 1966. However, no action was taken. In August 1969, Pheruman accused Fateh Singh of lowering the dignity of Sikhism by breaking his ardas (pledge). He announced he would fast until death for the disputed areas and to uphold to dignity of ardas. He was arrested on 12 August in Amritsar and on 15 August started a fast inside the jail. On 27 August he was admitted into hospital but refused all forms of feeding. He died on 27 October 1969, the 74th day of his hunger strike. After his death, his supporters floated a new Akali Dal named after him.

## Legacy

Shaheed Darshan Singh Pheruman Memorial College for Women and Shaheed Darshan Singh Pheruman Public School were established in 1974 and 1981 respectively in his memory by the Shaheed Darshan Singh Pheruman Memorial Trust. A Sikh Gurdwara in Dholewal is also named after him.
# James McBride (politician)

James McBride (February 9, 1802 – December 18, 1875) was an American politician, educator, and patriarch of a political family in the state of Oregon. A native of Tennessee, he served in the Oregon Territorial Legislature and as United States Minister to Hawaii, as well as one of the founders of the Oregon Republican Party. Two of his sons served in the United States Congress, while a third served on the Oregon Supreme Court.

## Early life

James McBride was born near present-day Nashville, Tennessee, on February 9, 1802. He was educated in Nashville and then moved to Missouri where he married Mahala Miller in Springfield on June 20, 1830. Together they had fourteen children. James practiced medicine there before the family immigrated to Oregon Country in 1846 settling near Lafayette, Oregon. In Oregon he taught school, practiced medicine, farmed, and preached.

## Politics

In 1850, he was elected to the Territorial Council, the upper chamber of the Oregon Territorial Legislature. He was later named Oregon Territory's first school superintendent.
In 1863, McBride was appointed by President Abraham Lincoln as Minister to the Kingdom of Hawaii. During his time in that position he began the negotiations with Russia for the purchase of Alaska, and then later was involved in settling the Beresford Incident with Great Britain. He served until 1866, retired from government service in 1867 and settled at St. Helens, Oregon.
Two of McBride's sons served in the United States Congress representing Oregon: George W. McBride served as a Senator and John R. McBride served as a Representative. Another son, Thomas A. McBride, was chief justice of the Oregon Supreme Court, and a daughter, Louisa, married Oregon's third governor, George L. Woods.
# XECTZ-AM

XECTZ-AM (La Voz de la Sierra Norte – "The Voice of the Sierra Norte") is an indigenous community radio station that broadcasts in Spanish, Nahuatl and Totonac from Cuetzalan, in the Sierra Norte region of the Mexican state of Puebla. It is run by the Cultural Indigenist Broadcasting System (SRCI) of the National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples (CDI).
# Babak Amin Tafreshi

Babak Amin Tafreshi (Persian: بابک امین تفرشی, born 1978 in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian photographer, science journalist, and amateur astronomer. He is the creator and director of The World At Night (TWAN), an international program in which photographers from around the world capture images of night skies as seen above notable landmarks of the planet. He is also a member of the board of advisors of Astronomers Without Borders and a project coordinator for the International Year of Astronomy (IYA2009).
In 2009, he won the Lennart Nilsson Award for best scientific photography, in joint effort with NASA's Cassini Imaging Director Carolyn Porco.

## Gallery

* Ultra HD Expedition day 3 - Babak Tafreshi in action
* Paranal and the Shadow of the Earth
* Whirling Southern Star Trails over ALMA
# John de Forest

John Gerard de Forest (31 March 1907 – 10 April 1997), also known as John de Bendern, was an English amateur golfer. He won the Amateur Championship in 1932 and was in the Walker Cup team the same year.

## Golf career

De Forest reached the final of the Amateur Championship in 1931, losing to Eric Martin Smith by 1 hole. The following year he reached the final again, this time beating Eric Fiddian 3&1. Both de Forest and Fiddian were selected for the 1932 Walker Cup team following their semi-final wins. The Walker Cup was held at The Country Club in Brookline, Massachusetts on 1 and 2 September. De Forest lost his foursomes match and was not selected for the singles.

## Personal life

De Forest was the younger son of Maurice de Forest. In the 1930s, Maurice de Forest was granted the title Count Maurice de Bendern, and in early 1937 John de Forest adopted the name John de Bendern. His first wife was Lady Patricia Sybil Douglas, daughter of Francis Douglas, 11th Marquess of Queensberry. Their children were:
* Caroline de Bendern (born 1940), who married saxophonist Barney Wilen. She was a political activist, who became symbol of May 1968 protests when she was photographed in Paris.
* Simon Frederick de Bendern (born 1946), who married Ethel von Horn in 1974.
* Emma Magdalen de Bendern (1950–2021)
He had two other children after his divorce from Patricia Douglas.
* Michael Fulke de Bendern (born 1954)
* Samantha Grace de Bendern (born 1965), international civil servant, political journalist and writer.
De Forest had an elder brother, Alaric (1905–1973), who also adopted the Bendern name. Alaric was also a useful golfer, and reached the semi-final of the Amateur Championship in 1937, losing 4&3 to Lionel Munn. John and Alaric met in the final of the 1937 Dutch Open Amateur Championship, with Alaric winning by one hole.

## Tournament wins

* 1931 Surrey Amateur Championship
* 1932 Amateur Championship
* 1937 Austrian Open Amateur Championship, Czechoslovakian Open Amateur Championship
* 1949 Surrey Amateur Championship
Source:

## Major championships
### Wins (1)

| Year | Championship | Winning score | Runner-up |
| 1932 | Amateur Championship | 3 & 1 | Eric Fiddian |

### Results timeline

| Tournament | 1930 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 |
| The Open Championship | CUT | WD | CUT | CUT |
| Tournament | 1949 | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 |
| Masters Tournament | WD | | | | 61 |
Note: de Forest only played in the Open Championship and the Masters.
WD = withdrew CUT = missed the half-way cut

## Team appearances

* Walker Cup (representing Great Britain): 1932
* England–Scotland Amateur Match (representing England): 1931
* England–Ireland Amateur Match (representing England): 1931 (winners)
# Calcium erythorbate

Calcium erythorbate is a food additive. Chemically, it is the calcium salt of erythorbic acid, with the chemical formula Ca(C$_6$H$_7$O$_6$)$_2$. As an antioxidant structurally related to vitamin C, it helps improve flavor stability and prevents the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines.