OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grestain Abbey

Grestain Abbey (or Grestein Abbey, French: Abbaye Notre-Dame de Grestain) was an 11th-Century Benedictine monastery near the town of Fatouville-Grestain, which is located in the modern-day Eure département of Upper Normandy, France. The abbey was in the Catholic Diocese of Lisieux. Closely associated with the family of William, Duke of Normandy, the abbey was instrumental in the Normans taking control over the Church in England in the centuries following the Norman Conquest of England, establishing new churches and priories in England, and Abbots of Grestain ordained many English priests. Many churches mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 cite Grestain as the founding establishment.

## History

The Abbey was founded in 1050 by Herluin de Conteville and his wife Arlette, mother of William the Conqueror.
Herluin, a victim of leprosy, was said to have seen a vision of the Blessed Virgin Mary who told him to take a spa treatment at the source of the Carbec stream in Grestain (Carbec meaning "the Stream of Kari").
Cured, he decided to build an abbey in the nearby Valley of Vilaine dedicated to the Virgin and a chapel at Carbec, a site also dedicated to the healing spring of Saint-Méen.
Herluin's son, Robert de Mortain, half-brother of William, was the principal benefactor, endowing it with his revenues from England.
In 1358, the abbey was sacked by the Anglo-Navarrais. The monks took refuge at their safe house in Rouen, in the parish of Saint-Eloi. Between 15 November 1364 and 10 August 1365, the abbey was attacked once more. On the return of the monks, the abbey had been partly destroyed and nearly razed to the ground.
The abbey was officially closed in 1757 on the orders of the bishop. The church buildings were demolished around 1766 and the rest of abbey destroyed in 1790; of these buildings, only a few ruins remain, integrated into the Château de La Pommeraye (a private property): a defensive wall, a 13th-Century portal, an 18th-Century manor with a 13th-Century floor, and remains of the church.
A monument has been erected to the memory of the founders who were buried in the now defunct church: Arlette, Herluin and Robert de Mortain, as well as Robert's wife, Mathilde de Montgomerie, daughter of Roger de Montgomerie.

## Arms of the Abbey

Azure with three gold fleurs de lys.

## Priories of the Abbey

The Abbey had a number of priories:
* Saint-Astier, Dordogne, founded by Geoffroi, 2nd Abbot of Grestain;
* Sainte-Scolasse or Saint-Nicolas-en-Scolasse (Sainte-Scolasse-sur-Sarthe), founded by Herluin de Conteville;
* Saint-Nicol or Saint-Nicolas-du-Val-de-Claire, in the suburbs of Honfleur, founded by William the Conqueror.

## Burials

* Herluin de Conteville and his wife Herleva
* Robert, Count of Mortain and his wife Matilda (daughter of Roger de Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury)
# Risala

Risāla (Arabic: رِسالة), also spelled risalah, risalat, resala, resalah, or resalat, plural: rasa'il (رَسائِل), is an Arabic word meaning "letter", "epistle", "treatise", or "message". It may refer to:

## Literary genre

* Risalah (fiqh), a summary of religious prescriptions in Islamic jurisprudence
* Risalah Ramadaniyya, treatise composed during the month of Ramadan by the Da'i al-Mutlaq (spiritual leader) in Tayyibi Isma'ilism

## Writings

* Risalat al-Huquq or Treatise of Rights, a work attributed to the Shi'ite Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (c. 659 – c. 713)
* Al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah or The Golden Treatise, a work on medicine attributed to the Shi'ite Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Rida (765–818)
* Al-Risala (al-Shafiʽi book), a seminal work on fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) by Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (d. 820)
* Risala, a travelogue by Ahmad ibn Fadlan (10th century)
* Al-Risalah (Ibn Abi Zayd), a book on Maliki fiqh by Ibn Abi Zayd (10th century)
* Rasa'il Ikhwan al-Safa or the Epistles of the Brethren of Purity, an encyclopedic collection of philosophical treatises (10th century)
* Risalat al-Ghufran or The Epistle of Forgiveness, a satirical work of Arabic poetry written by Abu al-ʿAlaʾ al-Maʿarri around 1033
* Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya, a Sufi text by al-Qushayri (11th century)
* Rasa'il al-Hikma or the Epistles of Wisdom, a corpus of sacred texts and pastoral letters in Druze tradition (11th century)
* Risālat Fādil ibn Nātiq ("The Treatise of Fādil ibn Nātiq"), better known as Theologus Autodidactus, a theological novel written by Ibn al-Nafis between 1268 and 1277
* Resaleh-ye haqiqat-nameh ("Treatise on Revealing the Truth"), an 1823 Persian-language work by Alexander Kasimovich Kazembek, part of wider 19th-century eastern missionary activity
* Risale-i Nur, a tafsir (exegesis of the Quran) by Said Nursî written between the 1910s and the 1950s

## Media

* Arrissalah, Arabic weekly cultural magazine for literature, science, and art, published in Cairo from 1933 to 1953
* Al-Resalah Satellite TV, an Arabic Islamic television channel
* al-Risala, the original-language title of the Arabic film The Message (1976 film)
* Al-Risala, a defunct Hamas publication
* Resalat (newspaper), a conservative daily newspaper in Iran
* Risala Weekly, a weekly Islamic magazine published since 1983 in Kozhikode, India

## Places

* Ar-Risala, a populated place in Baghdad Governorate, Iraq
* Resālat, another name for Qaleh Khan, North Khorasan, a village in Iran
* Resalat (district), a neighborhood located in the eastern part of Tehran, Iran
* Resalat Expressway, the former name of Qasem Soleimani Expressway, an east-west expressway in Tehran, Iran
* Risala Bazar or Risala Road, commercial area in Hyderabad, India

## Organizations

* Al-Resalah Party, a Jordanian political party
* Resala Charity Organization, a non-profit organization based in Egypt
# Stéphane Laporte

Stéphane Laporte (born 17 July 1966 in Lyon, Rhône) is a retired track and field athlete from France, who competed in the men's javelin throw event during his career. He represented France at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, where he didn't reach the final after throwing 69.40 metres in the qualification round.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing France |||||
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 32nd | 69.40 m |
# Mike Robinson (soccer)

Mike Robinson is a retired American soccer forward who played one season for the Philadelphia Fury in the North American Soccer League.
Michael Robinson was the starting striker for the 1974 & 1975 North Catholic PCL Champions. Robinson scored the first goal in the ’75 PCL final to help North defeat St Joe's Prep by a score of 2–1 in Overtime. In ’75 he also led the Falcon squad to a City title by scoring 2 goals in the first 15 minutes on the way to a 4-0 Falcon victory over Roxborough High School. He was voted 1st team All-Catholic in 1974 & 75. He was also an All-Scholastic selection after his senior season.
Mike was recruited out of NC by NSCAA Hall of Famer Tom Fleck to play College soccer at Lehigh University. Robinson was a star athlete from the 1977 through the 1980 season. Mike still ranks #2 All-time in goals scored during his career at Lehigh with 41. He also played on the 1978 Lehigh squad that was 12–2–3, which is the 2nd highest in winning percentage all-time at Lehigh for one season.
# Cricetibacter

Cricetibacter is a genus of bacteria from the family of Pasteurellaceae with one known species (Cricetibacter osteomyelitidis). Cricetibacter osteomyelitidis has been isolated from a European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) with osteomyelitis.
# Vincenzo Romano

Vincenzo Romano (born 12 March 1956 in Capaccio) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a central defender. He played for 9 seasons (179 games, 4 goals) in Serie A for Avellino, Roma and Genoa.
# Rubidimonas crustatorum

Rubidimonas crustatorum is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Rubidimonas which has been isolated from Squillidae from the Ariake Sea near Nagasaki on Japan.
# Sambhal Assembly constituency

Sambhal Vidhan Sabha constituency is a constituency of the sambhal district of Uttar Pradesh, India.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 1952 | Jagdish Saran Rastogi | Indian National Congress |
| 1952 | Lekhraj Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 1957 | Mahmood Hasan Khan | Independent |
| 1962 | Mahmood Hasan Khan | Republican Party of India |
| 1967 | Mahesh Kumar | Bharatiya Jana Sangh |
| 1969 | Mahmood Hasan Khan | Bharatiya Kranti Dal |
| 1974 | Shafiqur Rahman Barq | Bharatiya Kranti Dal |
| 1977 | Shafiqur Rahman Barq | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Shariyatulla | Indian National Congress (I) |
| 1985 | Shafiqur Rahman Barq | Lokdal |
| 1989 | Shafiqur Rahman Barq | Janata Dal |
| 1991 | Iqbal Mehmood | Janata Dal |
| 1993 | Satya Prakash | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1996 | Iqbal Mehmood | Samajwadi Party |
| 2002 | Iqbal Mehmood | Samajwadi Party |
| 2007 | Iqbal Mehmood | Samajwadi Party |
| 2012 | Iqbal Mehmood | Samajwadi Party |
| 2017 | Iqbal Mehmood | Samajwadi Party |
| 2022 | Iqbal Mehmood | Samajwadi Party |

## Election results
### 2022

2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Sambhal :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | SP | Iqbal Mehmood | 1,07,073 | 43.73% | +10.66% |
| | BJP | Rajesh Singhal | 65,376 | 26.7% | +2% |
| | BSP | Shakil Ahamad | 44,443 | 18.15% | +2.83% |
| | AIMIM | Mushir Khan Tarin | 21,470 | 8.77% | −16.16% |
| | INC | Nida Ahmad | 2,256 | 0.92% | − |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | 1,204 | 0.49% | − |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 41,697 | 17% | +9% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,44,853 | 64.5% | −3.84% |
| | SP hold | SP hold | Swing | +10.66% | |

### 2017

17th Vidhan Sabha: 2017 general elections
2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Sambhal :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | SP | Iqbal Mehmood | 79,248 | 33.07% | −7.63 |
| | AIMIM | Zia ur Rahman Barq | 60,426 | 24.93% | +24.76 |
| | BJP | Dr. Arvind Gupta | 59,976 | 24.73% | −0.35 |
| | BSP | Rafatulla | 36,705 | 15.32 | −8.24 |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 19,272 | 8.04% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 241,294 | 68.33% | |
| | SP hold | SP hold | Swing | | |

### 16th Vidhan Sabha: 2012 general elections

2012 general elections: Sambhal :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| SP | Iqbal Mehmood | 79692 | 40.70 | +7.26 |
| BJP | Rajesh Singhal | 49773 | 25.38 | +0.39 |
| BSP | Rafatulla | 46062 | 23.56 | +0.32 |
| RLD | Haji Aazam | 10512 | 5.36 | −3.43 |

### 15th Vidhan Sabha: 2007 general elections

2007 general elections: Sambhal :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| SP | Iqbal Mehmood | 46096 | 33.44 | −2.69 |
| BJP | Rajesh Singhal | 34436 | 24.99 | − |
| BSP | Tarannum Akeel | 32034 | 23.24 | +6.34 |
| RLD | M. Rehman | 12112 | 8.79 | −4.58 |

### 14th Vidhan Sabha: 2002 general elections

2002 general elections: Sambhal :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| SP | Iqbal Mehmood | 52562 | 36.13 | − |
| RPD | Shafiqur Rahman Barq | 31256 | 21.49 | − |
| BSP | Mohammad Shafiq Khan | 24584 | 16.90 | − |
| RLD | Maggu Singh | 19452 | 13.37 | − |
# Krešo Pukšec

Krešo Pukšec (2 October 1920 – 26 August 1990) was a Croatian footballer. He played for the Croatia national football team. His career with various clubs in Zagreb lasted two decades.

## International career

Pukšec made his international debut in September 1941 and played all 6 games under the flag of the Independent State of Croatia, a World War II-era puppet state of Nazi Germany. His final international was an April 1943 friendly match against Slovakia.
# Mori Naganao

Mori Naganao (森 長直, January 9, 1672 – October 4, 1722) was a Japanese daimyō of the mid-Edo period, who ruled the domain of Nishi-Ebara before being transferred to Akō.
Naganao was the 11th son of Mori Nagatsugu, the lord of the Tsuyama Domain (later moved to Nishi-Ebara). Nagatsugu was succeeded by Naganao's elder brother Nagatake in 1674, and after Nagatake's retirement in 1686, his nephew Naganari succeeded to the family headship. Naganao was left out of this line, but received a stipend of 1500 hyō from Naganari in 1694. Naganao became lord of Nishi-Ebara in 1698, and was transferred to the Ako domain in 1706. His descendants remained as rulers of the domain until the Meiji Restoration.
| Preceded byMori Nagatsugu | Daimyō of Nishi-Ebara 1698-1706 | Succeeded bynone (domain abolished) |
| Preceded byNagai Naohiro | Daimyō of Akō 1706-1722 | Succeeded byMori Nagataka |
# Sylvain Caudron

Sylvain Caudron (born 10 September 1969) is a French racewalker. He competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Mike Shanahan (ice hockey)

Michael Shanahan (October 29, 1939 – January 15, 2018) was a businessman, defense contractor, and part-owner of an American professional hockey franchise, the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL), from 1986 through 1990.
He grew up as a son of a truck driver in University City and was a star athlete at Mercy High School. He attended St. Louis University, where he was a soccer star on Billikens soccer teams that won national championships in 1959 and 1960.
After graduating, he worked at McDonnell Douglas Automation Co., Numerical Control Inc., and Cleveland Pneumatic Co. In 1981, he co-founded Engineered Air Systems. The following year, EAS acquired Allis-Chalmers Corporation's Defense Systems Division. In 1983, he incorporated Engineered Support Systems Inc. as a holding company for the defense contracting division, and served as its president, CEO, and chairman until 2005. ESSI produced ground equipment for the military, including nuclear, biological, and chemical defense systems; environmental control systems; and water and petroleum distribution systems.
In 1986, Mayor Vincent C. Schoemehl asked if he would be interested in helping give the Blues local ownership. “That’s a question you don’t expect,” Shanahan later recalled. “But we began discussing it, and I got involved.” Shanahan led an investment group that purchased the Blues from California businessman Harry Ornest in December 1986, when Ornest was in talks to move the team to Saskatoon (Canada). At the same time, the city purchased the St. Louis Arena (1929–1999) from Ornest. His gregarious personality and daring management style made him one of the most popular executives in the region's sports history. Under his leadership in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the St. Louis Blues regained their standing as a mainstream sports attraction. In 1990, Shanahan sold his 10-percent ownership stake to an investment group called Kiel Center Partners, which built a new downtown arena in 1994. Shanahan stayed on as team chairman until 1995, when he was replaced by former Cardinals executive Jerry Ritter.
Shanahan donated more than $10 million to mostly St. Louis charitable efforts personally and through the Shanahan Family Foundation. The atrium at the business school at St. Louis University, his alma mater, is named after him.
He was inducted into the St. Louis University Billikens Hall of Fame in 1994 and the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame in 1997.
He died after a fall on January 15, 2018, aged 78. He was survived by his wife Mary Anne, his son Michael Junior, his daughters Meg and Maureen and his 13 grandchildren.
# Flavobacterium dispersum

Flavobacterium dispersum is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic and motile bacterium from the genus of Flavobacterium which has been isolated from a freshwater spring in Taiwan.
A novel bacterial strain MVW-23T was isolated from a freshwater spring in Taiwan. The strain was Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, motile by gliding, rod-shaped and formed translucent yellow colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 20–30 °C (68–86 °F), pH 7.0, and in the presence of 0.5–1 % NaCl.
# 2022 NATO virtual summit

The 2022 NATO virtual summit was a meeting of the heads of state and heads of government of NATO held virtually, on 25 February 2022. The meeting took place at the request of the Latvian and Estonian governments, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which had begun a day earlier. The request was pursuant to Article 4 of the North Atlantic Treaty, which requires consultations when "the territorial integrity, political independence or security of any of the parties is threatened."
At the summit, Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg announced that the alliance would be deploying extra land, sea and air units to member states in Eastern Europe from the NATO Response Force. This was the first time the response force had been deployed for collective defence.

## Leaders of Member States participating in the videoconference

* Albania – Prime Minister Edi Rama
* Belgium – Prime Minister Alexander De Croo
* Bulgaria – President Rumen Radev
* Canada – Prime Minister Justin Trudeau
* Croatia – President Zoran Milanović
* Czech Republic – Prime Minister Petr Fiala
* Denmark – Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen
* Estonia – Prime Minister Kaja Kallas
* France – President Emmanuel Macron
* Germany – Chancellor Olaf Scholz
* Greece – Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis
* Hungary – Prime Minister Viktor Orbán
* Iceland – Prime Minister Katrín Jakobsdóttir
* Italy – Prime Minister Mario Draghi
* Latvia – President Egils Levits
* Lithuania – President Gitanas Nausėda
* Luxembourg – Prime Minister Xavier Bettel
* Montenegro – President Milo Đukanović
* Netherlands – Prime Minister Mark Rutte
* North Macedonia – Prime Minister Dimitar Kovačevski
* Norway – Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre
* Poland – President Andrzej Duda
* Portugal – Prime Minister António Costa
* Romania – President Klaus Iohannis
* Slovakia – President Zuzana Čaputová
* Slovenia – Prime Minister Janez Janša
* Spain – Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez
* Turkey – President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
* United Kingdom – Prime Minister Boris Johnson
* United States – President Joe Biden
* NATO – Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg
# The Jonker

The Jonker diamond was found at the Elandsfontein mine in South Africa by Johannes Jacobus Jonker on 17 January 1934. The diamond was 726 carats, which at the time was the fourth largest uncut gem ever found.

## Ownership

The diamond was first purchased by Joseph Bastiaenen, an agent of the Diamond Corporation Ltd, a company owned by Sir Ernest Oppenheimer. In 1935 it was purchased by Harry Winston, a New York diamond dealer, for 150,000 pounds. Harry Winston toured the United States with the diamond that was photographed with a number of stars such as Claudette Colbert and Shirley Temple.

## Cut

After contemplating the diamond for almost a year, Winston chose Lazare Kaplan to study the Jonker diamond.
Lazare Kaplan was chosen to cut the diamond into several gemstones. The process of examining the diamond to determine the optimal cuts took place over the course of several months. On 27 April 1936, the first cut was made which cut off a 35-carat section, finally ending with the diamond being cut into 13 pieces. The largest piece produced the Jonker I, a 142.90 ct D-color flawless diamond which was later re-cut to 125.35 carats.
| Name | Cut Type | Cut Weight (ct) | Finished Weight (ct) |
| Jonker I | Emerald | 220 | 142.90 |
| Jonker II | Emerald | 79.65 | 41.29 |
| Jonker III | Emerald | 65.28 | 35.45 |
| Jonker IV | Emerald | 52.77 | 30.71 |
| Jonker V | Emerald | 54.19 | 25.78 |
| Jonker VI | Emerald | 53.95 | 24.91 |
| Jonker VII | Emerald | 43.30 | 19.76 |
| Jonker VIII | Marquise | 35.82 | 15.77 |
| Jonker IX | Emerald | 27.85 | 13.55 |
| Jonker X | Emerald | 29.46 | 11.43 |
| Jonker XI | Emerald | 13.57 | 5.70 |
| Jonker XII | Emerald | 10.98 | 5.30 |
| Jonker XIII | Baguette | 8.28 | 3.53 |

## Jonker I

In 1949, King Farouk of Egypt purchased the Jonker I. After he was deposed and exiled in 1952, the gem was lost. The gem later reappeared in the ownership of Queen Ratna of Nepal. Until 2023, the last known location of the Jonker I was Hong Kong in 1977, when it was sold to an anonymous buyer for $2,259,000.
It was included in a public exhibition at the Los Angeles Natural History Museum in 2023/2024 on loan from the private collection of Ibrahim Al-Rashid.
# Vingtaine de Longueville

Vingtaine de Longueville is one of the four vingtaines of the parish of Grouville on the Channel Island of Jersey.
# Dobarz

Dobarz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzcianne, within Mońki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Trzcianne, 15 km (9 mi) west of Mońki, and 48 km (30 mi) north-west of the regional capital Białystok.
# Docibilis I of Gaeta

Docibilis I (Italian: Docibile; died before 914) was the hypatus of Gaeta from 867 until his death.
The sudden disappearance of the co-hypati Constantine and Marinus I after 866 suggests that Docibilis' assumption of power was violent. He is first cited as a prefecturius and then as hypatus from 877, when he followed his predecessor's example and associated his son John with him.
In his first years in office, he was faced with raids by the Aghlabids and he fell into their hands. After being liberated by Amalfi, he made peace with the Aghlabids and was excommunicated by Pope John VIII. In 876, the pope was down in the Mezzogiorno recruiting the princes of Capua and Salerno for the war with the Aghlabid Emirate of Sicily. Docibilis met the pope at Traetto, but could not come to terms. The pope then interfered in the Capuan succession on the death (879) of Landulf II to impose Pandenulf over Lando in return for Pandenulf attacking Docibilis. Formia was captured and Docibilis called up some Saracen mercenaries from Agropoli. He met the pope at Gaeta itself and made peace. Together they besieged the Saracen fortress on the Garigliano.
After the pope's death, he turned around and attacked Capua, according to Erchempert, with Aghlabid mercenaries in 900 and 903. He then began to turn and form alliances with the Lombard rulers, marrying his daughter Megalu to Rodgipert of Aquino and Euphemia to the prefect of Naples. Docibilis appears for the last time in 906 and may have died then, though it is only certain that he was dead by 914. His long career was the golden age of Gaeta in the Dark Ages. He began construction on the great palace whose ruins still stand in the city and he spent profusely on churches and ecclesiastic endowments for the sake of his soul. He was a warrior-prince as well, whose quarrels with all his neighbours, Muslim and Christian, Lombard and Byzantine Greek, ecclesiastic and secular, fill the chronicles of the age, especially Erchempert's. For this, it is likely that after 906, he was either dead or retired.
By his wife Matrona, he had two other sons besides John, Leo and Anatolio, whom he made duke of Terracina. He had two other daughters besides Megalu and Euphemia: Bona and Maria. John succeeded him and immediately associated his son and his father's namesake, Docibilis II, in the duchy. It is just possible that all three were associated together, but it cannot be proven.

## Sources

* Caravale, Mario (ed). Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani XL Di Fausto – Donadoni. Rome, 1991.
| Preceded byConstantine | Hypatus of Gaeta 866 – 906 | Succeeded byJohn I |
# Amnibacterium soli

Amnibacterium soli is a Gram-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, short rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Amnibacterium which has been isolated from grass soil from Daejeon in Korea.