OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Capture of Delfzijl

The Capture of Delfzijl took place during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War by a Dutch and English army led by Maurice of Orange. The siege commenced on 26 June and lasted until the Spanish troops surrendered the city of Delfzijl on 2 July 1591.

## Events
### Background

In early 1591, Maurice had begun a campaign to push the Spanish out of the Netherlands - the States General of the Netherlands wanted Nijmegen to be taken, but complications arose of its capture, so surrounding towns and cities such as Zutphen and Deventer had to be taken before any siege took place. The strategy was to draw the Spanish troops and make them think the real objective was elsewhere. First Zutphen and then Deventer were both taken by Dutch troops under Maurice and English troops under Francis Vere respectively. The next target was Groningen in the North as two years before William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, had captured a sconce at Zoutkamp, providing an initial impetus to eventually besiege Groningen. This was soon abandoned by Maurice as it was still considered too strong to besiege, and in addition the threatened approach of the Duke of Parma with his army.

### Capture

Maurice instead went directly to the North - his target was the town and fortress of Delfzijl which lay on the shores of the Dollart, a large inlet dividing the province of Groningen from the German district of Emden, a Spanish supply base. On June 26, 1591, the Anglo-Dutch army came before the fortress - they had used 150 boats along the waterways to transport their heavy artillery. The Spanish garrison in Delfzijl numbered only 300 troops and ten guns and both sides knew they were in for a short siege. Siege positions were established in front of the town and when the guns were all in position, they opened fire. Sure enough after a heavy bombardment in the first few days of the siege the Spanish garrison, realising no relief was forthcoming, had had enough and began negotiations for surrender on 2 July. Maurice eventually agreed and the Spanish garrison surrendered and was allowed to leave (except for the disloyal and defectors) under terms for Groningen.

### Aftermath

Francisco Verdugo, the Spanish governor in the province of Groningen, was enraged when they arrived there. He ordered the captains beheaded and then humiliated the soldiers. Twelve soldiers were chosen by a lot to be imprisoned; five of these were also beheaded later.
Maurice, after taking Delfzijl, reinforced the fortifications there according to the original plans of Johan van den Kornput and placed a small garrison of Dutch and English inside. In early 1594, the garrison was able to repel a Spanish attack led by Francisco Verdugo.
Maruice then marched from Delfzijl and advanced towards Hulst and Nijmegen. Maurice and the Dutch and English army instead had to come before Knodsenburg where they defeated the Duke of Parma attempting to besiege the place.
# Foreign Correspondents' Club of Thailand

The Foreign Correspondents' Club of Thailand (FCCT; Thai: สมาคมผู้สื่อข่าวต่างประเทศแห่งประเทศไทย) was founded in 1957 in Bangkok's Patpong area. It is considered the oldest and largest press club in Southeast Asia. After the Vietnam War ended in 1975, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam were mostly inaccessible for foreign journalists, leading to FCCT becoming a regional hub for journalism. Today, the FCCT hosts exhibitions for photojournalism and contemporary arts.
The club's current location is the Maneeya Center Building, on Phloen Chit Road in Pathum Wan District.
Elaine Kurtenbach, Asia business editor for the Associated Press, serves as the club's president.

## History
### 20th century

The FCCT's informal origins began in the mid-1950s, when groups of foreign media correspondents gathered at Mizu’s Kitchen on Patpong Road. Original members included principal founder, Jorges Orgibet, who worked in Thailand for the US Office of War Information and opened the US Information Service (USIS) office in Bangkok.

### 21st century

On 2 September 2014, Thai Lawyers for Human Rights cancelled a planned briefing on at the Foreign Correspondents’ Club under pressure from the National Council for Peace and Order, Thailand's ruling military junta.
In December 2015, United States Ambassador to Thailand Glyn T. Davies was investigated for violating Thailand's lèse-majesté laws while speaking at the Foreign Correspondents’ Club on 25 November 2015. Davies gave a speech praising the US-Thailand relationship, and expressed concern about lengthy prison sentences given by military courts to Thai civilians. Davies, who was protected under diplomatic immunity, was not charged with a crime.
# Hobson, Randolph County, Alabama

Hobson is an unincorporated community in Randolph County, Alabama, United States, located 4.9 miles (7.9 km) east-southeast of Wedowee.
# Quimbaya, Quindío

Quimbaya is a town and municipality in the western part of the department of Quindío, Colombia. It's 20 km northwest of the departmental capital Armenia. The name of the city derives from the name of the Precolumbian culture that inhabited the area, the Quimbaya civilization. Located along the Colombian coffee growing axis, the municipality was made part of the "Coffee Cultural Landscape" UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011.

## History

Quimbaya was founded in 1914 by Juan de J. Buitrago, and became a municipality in 1922. In 2023 the town had an estimated population of 31,844.

## Geography

Quimbaya is bounded to the north and west by the Valle del Cauca Department, with La Vieja River forming the western limit. To the south, the Roble River forms the limit with the municipalities of Montenegro and Circasia. The eastern boundary is with the municipality of Filandia.

### Climate

Quimbaya has a subtropical highland climate with an average annual temperature of 21°C.

## Tourism

The National Agricultural and livestock Park (Spanish: El Parque Natural De La Cultura Agropecuaria), PANACA, is located 7 km west of the main township. The 47-hectare park contains a variety of interactive exhibits, including more than 200 species of animals. Along with the National Coffee Park in Montenegro, the theme park is one of major tourist attractions of the department.
The most important cultural event is the Candles and Lanterns Festival (full name in Spanish: Fiesta Nacional del Concurso de Alumbrados con Velas y Faroles), which began in 1982 and is held each year on 7 and 8 December (Día de las Velitas). Each of the barrios in the township compete to produce the most spectacular lighting arrangements, and many visitors come from throughout Colombia to admire the displays. The festival is held in honor of the Catholic holy day, the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, on 8 December.
# Terrestrial crab

A number of lineages of crabs have evolved to live predominantly on land. Examples of terrestrial crabs are found in the families Gecarcinidae and Gecarcinucidae, as well as in selected genera from other families, such as Sesarma, although the term "land crab" is often used to mean solely the family Gecarcinidae.

## Terrestriality and migration

No clear distinction is made between "terrestrial", "semiterrestrial", and "aquatic" crabs. Rather, a continuum of terrestriality is displayed among the true crabs, although most land-adapted crabs must still return to water to release their eggs. Some species of terrestrial crabs can be found many kilometres from the sea, but have to complete annual migrations to the sea. For example, following the Indian Ocean monsoon, the Christmas Island red crab (Gecarcoidea natalis) migrates en masse, forming a "living carpet" of crabs. The crabs can travel up to 1.46 km (0.91 mi) in a day, and up to 4 km (2.5 mi) in total. Only a few land crabs, including certain Geosesarma species, have direct development (the mother carries the eggs until they have become tiny, fully developed crabs), and these do not need access to water to breed. Many crabs belonging to the family Potamidae, which contains mostly freshwater crabs, have developed a semiterrestrial (for instance the genus Nanhaipotamon) to terrestrial life history, and are sometimes independent of fresh water for reproduction (for instance the genus Tiwaripotamon).

## Ecology

Terrestrial crabs are often similar to freshwater crabs, since the physiological changes needed for living in fresh water are preadaptations for terrestrial living. On some oceanic islands, terrestrial crabs occupy the top of the energy pyramid.
# Dejhoor

Dejhoor (or Deji-Hor) is a dangling ear ornament worn by Kashmiri Pandits married women, from the day before they are wed in holy matrimony.
The jewelry is placed in the cartilage piercing of the ear in a red thread and later the thread may be replaced with a gold chain known as an ath bought by her in-laws at their house. The thread or chain is about 8-12 inches. The bottom part is athur, which will be of gold, gold /silver threads or pearls, is added attached to the dejhoor. The ornament is not worn by Muslim Kashmiris or any other Hindu community.
It symbolizes union between two Kashmiri Pandit families. The dejhoor ornament is always hexagonal and it symbolizes a yantra denoting Shiva and Shakti.
An interpretation of the term Dij is that it represents "dvija" and is thus the female counterpart of a yajnopavita in the Brahmin community.
Its function is similar to that of a mangal-sutra or sindoor in other regions of India. However a dejhoor is provided by the girl's family and worn even after the death of the husband.
# Sashka (film)

Sashka (Russian: Сашка) is a 1981 Soviet World War II film directed by Aleksandr Surin.

## Plot

The film takes place in 1942 near Rzhev, where military operations take place. The film tells about the village couple Sashka, who leads an unequal battle with the enemy.

## Cast

* Andrey Tashkov as Sashka
* Marina Yakovleva as Zina
* Vladimir Simonov as Lieutenant Volodka
* Yuri Veyalis as Zhora
* Leonid Yarmolnik as Kurt
* Yuri Grebenshchikov as Battalion Commander
* Vyacheslav Molokov as Orderly Tolik
* Mikhail Shuleykin as Company Commander (as Mikhail Krylov)
* Elena Antonenko as Lyuba
* Nartay Begalin
# Noah Bendix-Balgley

Noah Bendix-Balgley (born July 15, 1984) is an American classical violinist. He is currently First Concertmaster with the Berliner Philharmoniker. He served as concertmaster of the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra from 2011 to 2014.

## Biography and career

Noah Bendix-Balgley was born on July 15, 1984, in Asheville, North Carolina. He began playing the violin at age four. He attended the Crowden School in Berkeley, California, and was concertmaster in the San Francisco Symphony Youth Orchestra. He then went on to study with Mauricio Fuks at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, and later at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater München, where he worked with pedagogue Ana Chumachenco. He plays a 1732 Bergonzi violin that had previously been owned by Nigel Kennedy.
Bendix-Balgley has won prizes in a number of competitions. In 2008, he won third prize, together with a special prize for creativity, at the Long-Thibaud-Crespin Competition in Paris, and he was a laureate of the 2009 Queen Elisabeth Competition in Brussels. In 2011, he won first prize at the Vibrarte International Music Competition in Paris, and was awarded first prize, and a special prize for best Bach interpretation, at the 14th International Violin Competition “Andrea Postacchini” in Fermo, Italy.
Bendix-Balgley has performed as a soloist with orchestras around the world, including the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, the Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France, the Orchestre National de Belgique, I Pomeriggi Musicali of Milan, Orchestra Filarmonica Marchigiana (Italy), Orchestre Royal Chambre de Wallonie (Belgium), the Binghamton Philharmonic, and the Erie Philharmonic. From 2011 to 2014, he was Concertmaster of the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, and in 2014 he joined the Berliner Philharmoniker as 1st Concertmaster.
As a chamber musician, Bendix-Balgley was the first violinist of the Athlos String Quartet, in Munich, from 2008 to 2011, and performed throughout Europe. This quartet won a special prize at the 2009 Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Competition in Berlin. In 2011, he performed with the Miro String Quartet, on a North American tour. He has performed with artists such Gidon Kremer, Yuri Bashmet, Gary Hoffman, Emanuel Ax, Lars Vogt, and percussionist Colin Currie, and has performed at many festivals in Europe and North America, including the Verbier Festival, the Sarasota Festival, ChamberFest Cleveland, the Nevada Chamber Music Festival and Chamber Music Connects the World in Kronberg, Germany. He also enjoys performing klezmer music in his spare time, and has played with groups such as the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra and Brave Old World. He has taught klezmer violin around the world.
In 2013, he joined the Carnegie Mellon School of Music, where he has been an artist lecturer, coaching student string quartets.
# Letňany (Prague Metro)

Letňany (Czech pronunciation:) is a metro station on Line C of the Prague Metro. It is located about one kilometre south of Letňany built-up area, on the border between Letňany and Vysočany, near a tripoint with Kbely, and it belongs to section IV.C2 of Line C, connecting Letňany with Ládví. The station was opened on 8 May 2008 as the northern end of the extension from Ládví and has served since then as the new terminus of the line.

## Station characteristics

Letňany Station is the terminal station of Line C. It is located at the junction of Beranových Street and Prosecká Street, at the south end of Tupolevova Street. The station is below street level, it has an island platform and two entrance halls, each of them connected to the platform by a staircase, two escalators and a lift. The north hall serves the Prague Exhibition Centre (PVA) and P+R parking lots; the south hall connects the station with a number of bus stops. There are eighteen bus lines of Prague Integrated Transport (PID).
The platform is 10.3 metres (34 ft) under ground. Its supporting structure is made from closed monolithic reinforced concrete (one large continuous block).
# Wohlstandskinder

The Wohlstandskinder (German pronunciation:, "Children of prosperity", shortform WSK or W$K) was a punk rock band from Overath near Cologne, Germany that was founded in 1995. They define their music as Provinzrock ("Province rock"). After their 10th anniversary in December 2005 they produced a double-live-album, which was also released as DVD.

## Name

"The" was added to the band name in 2000, according to the official statement on their website as an Adelsprädikat ("an ennobling descriptor") and as sign for Posertum and Möchtegernglamour ("Wannabe-glamour").

## Members

The Wohlstandskinder are:
* Honolulu Silver – vocals, guitar
* Türk Travolta – lead guitar
* Raki Neidhardt – bass
* Don Ludger de la Cardeneo – drums

## Discography

The Wohlstandskinder published several singles and five studio albums. They have also been sampled several times.
They have recorded two music-videos (Wie ein Stern and Kein Radiosong), the last one was even shown on the German music-television station VIVA (but only very late in the evening).
On their tours they promoted bands like Sum 41, The Offspring, Die Happy and Donots.

### Demos

   * 1996: Mit Sex verkauft sich alles -Demo (Sex sells everything)

### LPs

   * 1997: Für Recht und Ordnung (For Right and order)
   * 1997: Poppxapank
   * 1999: Delikatessen 500sl (delicatesses 500sl)
   * 2000: En Garde
   * 2002: Baby, Blau! (Baby, blue)
   * 2003: Poppxapank + Die 90er waren zum Recyclen da (Re- release)
   * 2004: Dezibelkarate
   * 2005: Zwischen Image und Gewohnheit (Between image and habits)/live

### EPs

   * 1998: Die 90er waren zum Recyclen da (The 90s had to be used for recycling)
   * 2001: Untot macht hirnpolitisch - EP (undead makes brainpolitical) (under the nickname "Kinderkacke", which means in English "unimportant", lit. children poo)

### Singles

   * 2002: Wir sehen uns in Las Vegas (We'll meet again in Las Vegas)
   * 2003: Wie ein Stern (Like a star)
   * 2004: Kein Radiosong (No radio song) (not released)

### VHS & DVD

   * Wie ein Stern 2002 (Like a star, VHS)
   * Zwischen Image und Gewohnheit" (Between image and habits)/live (DVD)
# Konstantinos Nazis

Konstantinos Anastasiadis (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Αναστασιάδης; born 9 August 1993) known professionally as Konstantinos Nazis (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Νάζης), is a Greek singer.

## Biography

He lives in Nea Vrasna of Thessaloniki and his sign is Leo. His favorite singers are Christos Dantis, Michalis Hatzigiannis and Muse. In X-Factor, he would definitely want to sing Muse 'Undisclosed'. His hobby is basketball. At the age of 15 he was a singer at the band Riot and with them, he did concerts in schools. He has been doing vocal classes for 2 years and is self-taught in the guitar.

## Career

During 2016, he rose to fame with his appearance on Knock Out's Otan Ponao Do Glentao. The same year he has also released his own hits Egefailka, Se Ola Nai and Thelo Ta Dika Sou Ta Filia of which the latter has more than 10 million views on YouTube as of late November 2024.
However, this is not his first time in the spotlight. Back in 2010–2011 Konstantinos appeared on the Greek X-factor as Konstantinos Anastasiadis where he made it to the live shows. He finished 7th on the popular TV-show.

## Discography

* As Konstantinos Anastasiadis:
** 2011 – Puzzle (Πάζλ)
** 2012 – Pio Konta (Πιο Κοντά)
** 2013 – Pes Mou (Πες Μου)
** 2013 – Kalokerinos O Keros (Καλοκαιρινός Ο Καιρός)
** 2014 – Ena Haos Me Sena (Ένα Χάος Με Σένα)
** 2014 – Magkiko Fili (Μαγικό Φιλί)
** 2014 – Thelo Ta Dika Sou Filia (Gyrna Piso) (Θέλω Τα Δικά Σου Φιλιά (Γύρνα Πίσω) )
** 2015 – Ola Gia Sena (Όλα για σένα)
* As Konstantinos Nazis:
** 2015 – Thelo Ta Dika Sou Filia (Θέλω Τα Δικά Σου Φιλιά)
** 2015 – Otan Ponao To Glentao (Όταν πονάω το γλεντάω) ft. Knock Out
** 2016 – Se Ola Nai (Σε Όλα Ναι)
** 2016 – Egkefalika (Εγκεφαλικά)
** 2017 – Po Po Po (Πω Πω Πω ft. Lefteris Pantazis)
** 2017 – Apopse Vgale Ta Kala Sou (Απόψε Βγάλε τα Καλά σου)
** 2018 – Ta Psyhologika Mou (Τα Ψυχολογικά Μου)
** 2018 – Depon
** 2018 – Ena Chaos Me Sena (Ένα χάος με σένα)
** 2019 – Stou Kormiou Sou Ta Palatia (Στου κορμιού σου τα παλάτια ft. Zanis Knock Out)
** 2019 – Makria Sou Den Zo (Μακριά σου δε ζω)
# Normandie Avenue

Normandie Avenue is one of Los Angeles County's longest north–south streets, with a stretch of about 22.5 miles (36.2 km). It lies between Western Avenue to the west and Vermont Avenue to the east. The avenue begins in the south by branching off from Vermont Avenue south of Pacific Coast Highway in Harbor City. Through traffic on Normandie is directed onto Irolo Street between just north of Olympic Boulevard and Wilshire Boulevard; in this section, Normandie exists as a small residential street. After crossing Franklin Avenue, Normandie resumes as a residential street before reaching its northern terminus at Ambrose Avenue in the Los Feliz district of Los Angeles.

## History

Normandie was originally named Rosedale Avenue until 1900. The intersection of Florence and Normandie is noted for its involvement in the 1992 Los Angeles riots.
The street has since been redeveloped.

## Transportation

Metro Local line: 206 and Gardena Transit line 2 operate on Normandie Avenue: Metro Local Line 206 runs between Hollywood Boulevard and Imperial Highway and Gardena line 2 between 182nd Street and Pacific Coast Highway.
A subway station is served by the Metro D Line at its intersection with Wilshire Boulevard.

## Notable landmarks

* Harbor-UCLA Medical Center
* Gardena High School
* Hotel Normandie
* Rosedale Cemetery
* Sammy Lee Square, at the corner of Olympic Boulevard
# Joe Lloyd

Joseph Lloyd (1864–19??) was an English professional golfer who won the third U.S. Open at the Chicago Golf Club in 1897.

## Early life

Lloyd grew up playing at Royal Liverpool Golf Club at Hoylake. He was an expert at making and repairing clubs.

## Golf career

He was the first golf professional in France, being hired in 1883 at the Pau Golf Club in Pau, France, by Englishmen spending their winters there. One of those Englishmen was John Cumming Macdona, a member at Hoylake and Pau, but who had formed a friendship with Fleetwood Sandeman of the famous Port and Sherry company. Fleetwood Sandeman was the first Captain in 1883 at Hayling Golf Club in Hampshire, where the Sandeman family had a summer house, and Macdona arranged for Joseph Lloyd to become the first professional at Hayling where Lloyd helped lay out the first 9-hole course on the seafront. 'The General', as Lloyd was popularly known, left Hayling after two seasons. From 1895 to 1909 Lloyd spent his summers as the club professional at the Essex County Club, in Manchester, Massachusetts, United States, and was succeeded by Donald Ross as the club professional there. Lloyd retired from the Pau Golf Club in 1925.
Lloyd played in the 1896 U.S. Open, and led at the halfway point, but finished tied for 7th place 6 strokes behind.

### 1897 U.S. Open

Lloyd was known as a player capable of extremely long drives and was considered to be one of the longest hitters in his day. In the 1897 tournament, he was trailing entering the final round. He hit a long drive at the 465-yard 18th hole, following with a wonderful brassie shot to within 8 feet of the pin. He proceeded to sink the putt for an eagle 3 on the par-5 hole that gave him a one-stroke victory over Willie Anderson (who would later win four U.S. Opens). No golfer since has won the Open with an eagle on the final hole.

## Major championships
### Wins (1)

| Year | Championship | 18 holes | Winning score | Margin | Runner-up |
| 1897 | U.S. Open | 4 shot deficit | 83-79=162 | 1 stroke | Willie Anderson |

### Results timeline

Lloyd played in only the U.S. Open and The Open Championship.
| Tournament | 1893 | 1894 | 1895 | 1896 | 1897 | 1898 | 1899 | 1900 | 1901 | 1902 | 1903 | 1904 | 1905 | 1906 | 1907 | 1908 |
| U.S. Open | NYF | NYF | | T7 | 1 | 4 | | | 20 | | T24 | | T16 | | | WD |
| The Open Championship | T17 | 17 | | | T20 | | | | | | | | | | | |
NYF = Tournament not yet founded WD = Withdrew "T" indicates a tie for a place
# Baron Michelham

Baron Michelham (verbally Lord) /mɪtʃ.ləm/, of Hellingly in the County of Sussex, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 28 December 1905 for the banker, businessman and philanthropist Sir Herbert Stern, 1st Baronet. He was head of the firm Herbert Stern & Co. Stern had already been created a Baronet, of Strawberry Hill in the Parish of Twickenham and County of Middlesex, in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 31 July 1905. Apart from his British titles he was also a Baron in the Portuguese nobility, a title inherited from his father Baron Hermann de Stern. Lord Michelham was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Baron. His younger brother died before him and on his death in 1984 the titles became extinct.
The first Baron was the first cousin of Sydney Stern, 1st Baron Wandsworth, and Sir Edward Stern, 1st Baronet, of Fan Court, Chertsey (now Longcross/Lyne).

## Barons Michelham (1905)

* Herbert Stern, 1st Baron Michelham (1851–1919)
* Herman Alfred Stern, 2nd Baron Michelham (1900–1984)
# Arnt Severin Ulstrup

Arnt Severin Ulstrup (24 September 1862 – 1922) was a Norwegian physician and politician for the Conservative Party.
He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1910 from the constituency Østerrisør, and was re-elected in 1913.
Born in Brekkestø, he enrolled as a student in 1883 and graduated as cand.med. in 1890. He first opened his own physician's office in Lillesand, in 1890, but moved to Risør in 1891 and became town physician there in 1910. He was a member of Risør city council, and was also director of the local savings bank for some time.