OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Proparoxytone

In linguistics, a proparoxytone (Greek: προπαροξύτονος, proparoxýtonos) is a word with stress on the antepenultimate (third last) syllable, such as the English words "cinema" and "operational". Related concepts are paroxytone (stress on the penultimate syllable) and oxytone (stress on the last syllable).
In English, most nouns of three or more syllables are proparoxytones, except in words ending in –tion or –sion, which tend to be paroxytones (operation, equivocation). This tendency is so strong in English that it frequently leads to the stress on derived words being on a different part of the root. For example, the root photograph gives rise to the nouns photography and photographer, family → familiar and familial. (In many dialects of English, the i in family is even deleted entirely, and still has the stress in familial and familiar.)
In medieval Latin lyric poetry, a proparoxytonic line or half-line is one where the antepenultimate syllable is stressed, as in the first half of the verse "Estuans intrinsecus || ira vehementi."

## Mentions in literature

Ernst Robert Curtius offers an interesting use of the term in a footnote (Ch. 8, n. 33) of his European Literature in the Latin Middle Ages. He is commenting on this passage from Smaragdus of Saint-Mihiel's didactic poem on grammar:
    Partibus inferior jacet interiectio cunctis
    Ultima namque sedet et sine laude manet.
Here is Curtius' note:
   Sad is the lot of the interjection, for of all the parts of speech it has the lowest place. There is none to praise it." On the way from Latin to French, the penultimate syllable of the proparoxytone succumbed. Mallarmé was so touched by this that he wrote a prose poem on the "Death of the Penultimate" (Le Démon de l'analogie in Divagations). It ends: Je m'enfuis, bizarre, personne condamnée à porter probablement le deuil de l'explicable Penultième. (Eerie, I flee: likely some (no-)one doomed to wear weeds for the explainable second-last.)
# Qualibou

Qualibou, also known as the Soufrière Volcanic Center, is a 3.5 × 5 km-wide caldera on the island of Saint Lucia that formed between 32,000 and 39,000 years ago. This eruption also formed the Choiseul Tuff which covers the southeastern portion of the island.
The Pitons are two large lava domes that formed 200 to 300,000 years ago, before the formation of the caldera; ever since then, other domes have filled the caldera floor. There was a phreatic eruption in 1766 that deposited volcanic ash over a wide area.
Sulphur Springs is an active geothermal area located roughly in the center of the caldera.
In 1990, 1999 and 2000 there were shallow volcanic earthquakes located 6 km ESE of the caldera.

## Gallery

* Sulphur Springs
* Petit Piton
* Soufrière and the Pitons
# Safonovo, Vologda Oblast

Safonovo (Russian: Сафоново) is a rural locality (a village) in Nikolskoye Rural Settlement, Kaduysky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2002.

## Geography

Safonovo is located 34 km northeast of Kaduy (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ivanovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Habib Bank AG Zurich

Habib Bank AG Zurich is a Swiss multinational commercial bank and private bank based in Zürich, Switzerland. It also has operations in Hong Kong, Kenya, Pakistan, South Africa, Canada, the United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom.

## History

Habib Bank AG Zurich was founded on 25 August 1967 by the Pakistani Habib family separate from their main banking business Habib Bank Limited, which was later nationalized under the nationalization scheme.
# Bithynium

Bithynium or Bithynion (Ancient Greek: Βιθύνιον) was an ancient city in Bithynia. Its site is occupied by the modern town of Bolu, Asiatic Turkey.

## History

Strabo describes Bithynium as lying above Tius and it possessed the country around Salone or Salon, which was a good feeding country for cattle, and noted for its cheese. It was the capital of Salone district. Bithynium was the birthplace of Antinous, the favourite of Hadrian, as Pausanius tells us, who adds that Bithynium is beyond, by which he probably means east of, the river Sangarius; and he adds that the remotest ancestors of the Bithynians are Arcadians and Mantineans. In this case a Greek colony settled here. Bithynium was afterwards called Claudiopolis (Greek: Κλαυδιόπολις), a name which it is conjectured it first had in the time of Tiberius; but it is strange that Pausanias does not mention this name. Dio Cassius speaks of it under the name of Bithynium and Claudiopolis also. It later bore the name Hadriana after the emperor. The names of Claudiopolis and Hadriana appear on coins minted here.

## Titular see

The town was Christianised early and became an archbishopric. An archbishop suffered martyrdom under Diocletian. No longer a residential see, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church under the name Claudiopolis in Honoriade. A former titular see under the name of Claudiopolis in Bithynia was suppressed.
# Miko Palanca

Miko Revilla Palanca (February 3, 1978 – December 9, 2019) was a Filipino character actor and model.

## Life and career

His older brother Bernard Palanca is also an actor, as was his maternal grandfather Armando Goyena. He had Chinese ancestry from his paternal family.
He played roles in primetime dramas such as Kay Tagal Kang Hinintay and It Might Be You, where he starred alongside Bea Alonzo, whom he dated for 5 years. Palanca played Zossimo in the 2006 "Sineserye" Bituing Walang Ningning and was also part of the cast of Palos in 2008. He last made a television appearance on the ABS-CBN network in the 14th installment of the afternoon drama series Precious Hearts Romances Presents: Lumayo Ka Man Sa Akin in 2012
In mid-2012, he signed a contract with GMA Network thereby ending his career in ABS-CBN that started in 1997. He also worked as a freelance actor appearing on all TV networks.

## Death

On December 9, 2019, he died of suicide by jumping off a building in a residential area in Santolan Town in San Juan. It was rumored that he suffered from depression related to his love life.
His crypt and remains shares with his grandparents Paquita and Armando Goyena at Santuario De San Antonio in Forbes Park, Makati in Makati

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2001 | Yamashita: The Tiger's Treasure | Vince | |
| 2002 | Burles King Daw, O! | Raffy | Credited as Mico Palanca |
| 2003 | My First Romance | Kiko | Segment: "Two Hearts" |
| 2004 | Otso-Otso Pamela-Mela Wan | Gino Ronquillo | |
| 2005 | Dreamboy | Dave | |
| 2006 | All About Love | Rob | |
| 2006 | Rome & Juliet | Carlo | |
| 2006 | Shake, Rattle & Roll 8 | Rico | Segment: "LRT" |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2000 | Tabing Ilog | Perry Sanchez | |
| 2000 | Pangako Sa 'Yo | Lia's friend | |
| 2001 | Click | Louie | Episode: "...Nung Nagka-ampon sila Gio..." |
| 2002 | K2BU | | |
| 2002 | Kay Tagal Kang Hinintay | | |
| 2003 | It Might Be You | Romer | |
| 2003 | Buttercup | Chris | |
| 2003 | Maalaala Mo Kaya | Alexander Robert "AR" Santiago | Episode: "Puno" |
| 2005–2006 | Ang Panday | Alfred | |
| 2006 | Bituing Walang Ningning | Zossimo | |
| 2006 | Komiks Presents: Si Pardina At Ang Mga Duwende | | |
| 2006 | Komiks Presents: Da Adventures of Pedro Penduko | Kasimiro | |
| 2008 | Palos | Kim Yung Joo | |
| 2009 | May Bukas Pa | Bong | |
| 2010 | Precious Hearts Romances Presents: Love Is Only In The Movies | Dennis | |
| 2010 | Your Song Presents: Gimik 2010 | Eugene | |
| 2011 | Babaeng Hampaslupa | Young George Wong | |
| 2012 | Precious Hearts Romances Presents: Lumayo Ka Man Sa Akin | Greg | |
| 2012 | Personalan | Celebrity Uzi | |
| 2013 | Maalaala Mo Kaya | Alfred | Episode: "Altar" |
| 2013 | Huwag Ka Lang Mawawala | Ramon | |
| 2015 | Kapamilya Deal or No Deal | Briefcase Number 10 | |
| 2015 | Pablo S. Gomez's Inday Bote | Robert | |
| 2016 | FPJ's Ang Probinsyano | Jake | |
| 2018 | Bagani | Biber | |
| 2019 | Nang Ngumiti ang Langit | young Gabriel | |

### Music video

* This Guy's In Love With You Pare by Parokya Ni Edgar
# Glen Carelse

Glen Morris Edwin Carelse is a South African politician who represented the National Party (NP) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 1999. He was elected to his seat in the 1994 general election.
Ahead of the 1999 general election, Carelse was listed 19th on the party list of the New National Party (NNP), the NP's successor party, in the Western Cape. Carelse along with Chris Wyngaard and Pauline Cupido, reportedly complained to the party leadership about their low ranking on the list; by mid-December 1998, the Mail & Guardian said that he was "on the verge of quitting" the party. Several weeks later, in January 1999, he and the others announced that they would resign from the NNP to join the Democratic Party (DP). However, he was not re-elected to Parliament under the DP banner when the general election took place.
# Shikhmino

Shikhmino (Russian: Шихмино) is a rural locality (a village) in Sukhonskoye Rural Settlement, Mezhdurechensky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2002.

## Geography

Shikhmino is located 14 km southwest of Shuyskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Popovskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# The Best of Joy Division

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| musicOMH | |
| Pitchfork | 6.0/10 |
| PopMatters | |
The Best of Joy Division is a compilation album of material from the British post-punk band Joy Division. It was released 24 March 2008 (2008-03-24) and the UK version includes The Complete BBC Recordings as a bonus disc. The US release is a single disc. The Best of Joy Division reached #97 in April 2008 in Australia, which marks only their second appearance on the ARIA Charts after Substance reached #53 in 1988.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Joy Division

### Bonus CD – The Complete BBC Recordings

* "Exercise One" (Peel Session) – 2:32
* "Insight" (Peel Session) – 3:53
* "She's Lost Control" (Peel Session) – 4:11
* "Transmission" (Peel Session) – 3:58
* "Love Will Tear Us Apart" (Peel Session) – 3:25
* "Twenty Four Hours" (Peel Session) – 4:10
* "Colony" (Peel Session) – 4:05
* "Sound of Music" (Peel Session) – 4:27
* "Transmission" (live) – 3:18
* "She's Lost Control" (live) – 3:44
* "Ian Curtis & Stephen Morris interviewed by Richard Skinner" – 3:32

### Notes

* Tracks 1 to 4 first released on The Peel Sessions EP in 1986.
* Tracks 5 to 8 first released on The Peel Sessions EP in 1987.
* Tracks 9 to 11 first released on the Joy Division The Complete BBC Recordings album in 2000.

## Charts

| Chart (2008) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 97 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 100,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Kirk Grybowski

Kirk Rient Grybowski (January 31, 1938 – October 8, 2002) was a sailor from the United States Virgin Islands, who competed in the Soling at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. With helmsman Jean Braure and fellow crew member Marlon Singh, Grybowski finished in 22nd place.
# Tout Schuss

Tout Schuss is a 2016 French comedy film directed by Stéphan Archinard and François Prévôt-Leygonie.

## Plot

Max Salinger, writer divorced, self-centered, refuses to accept his 15-year-old daughter under his roof. In revenge, she steals his last manuscript and got to the snow-class queue. To recover his property, Max then has no choice but to land in the ski resort improvising "accompanying parent." Only problem: the famous writer, which is already not an exemplary parent, is not really a skilled attendant either.

## Cast

* José Garcia as Max Salinger
* Alexia Barlier as Elsa Jay
* Melha Bedia as Brenda
* Gwendolyn Gourvenec as Katherine Barns
* Laurent Bateau as Yann
* Manon Valentin as Rosalie
* François Deblock as Steeve
* Tess Boutmann as Marion
* Victor Meutelet as Nathan
* Léopoldine Serre as Isabelle
* Anne Girouard as Sylvie
# Johannes Palmqvist

Johannes Palmqvist (1805–1894) was a pioneer Swedish Baptist pastor, along with his younger brothers Gustaf Palmquist and Per Palmqvist. He was known as the father of the läsare (Reader) movement in Närke province, Sweden.

## Biography

Palmqvist was born in Pilabo, Norra Solberga parish, Jönköping County, in 1805 to Sven Larsson, a churchwarden, and Helena Nilsdotter. He had six siblings. Their father died when Palmqvist was a young teenager, leaving his mother to raise the family. She was described as "pious and zealous". The children were raised in a Pietist environment and visited influential revivalist preachers such as Pehr Nyman [sv], Peter Lorenz Sellergren, and Jacob Otto Hoof.
Like his brothers, Palmqvist was also quite musical. He studied in Stockholm to become an organist and teacher; while there he met the influential Scottish Wesleyan Methodist preacher George Scott, who lived and preached in Sweden from 1830–1842. Initially Lutheran, Palmqvist became a cantor in Stockholm in 1832 and in 1834 moved to Stora Mellösa, where he would live for several decades. He first worked in the local parish as a musical director (klockare), responsible for music during the services and bell-ringing as well as doing diaconal work. Palmqvist was also a folk school teacher there.
Since the Conventicle Act prohibited religious gatherings outside of those of the Church of Sweden, Palmqvist began to hold temperance meetings at which he preached, causing controversy and forcing him to leave his teaching job in 1850. He did, however, remain a music director for eight more years. In 1852 he married Anna Stina Lindberg. Several years after his younger brothers, in 1858, he became a Baptist and was baptized. He built a school and chapel the same year and founded a Baptist church in Vallby the year after, which quickly grew to 250 members. Palmqvist soon became a key figure in the revivalist läsare (Reader) movement in the province of Närke and an early temperance activist. He served as the Baptist's church pastor until 1871, when he moved to Stockholm and became lay preacher at a Baptist church there.
Palmqvist died in 1894.
# Oseka, Vologda Oblast

Oseka (Russian: Осека) is a rural locality (a village) in Nikolskoye Rural Settlement, Kaduysky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2002.

## Geography

Oseka is located 63 km northwest of Kaduy (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tarasovskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# Joseph Chiolé

Joseph Chiolé (born 12 August 1948) is a retired South African politician who represented the Freedom Front (FF) in the National Assembly during the first democratic Parliament from 1994 to 1999. Afterwards he served a single term in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature; he represented the FF until March 2003, when he crossed the floor to the Herstigte Nasionale Party (HNP).

## Legislative career

Chiolé was born on 12 August 1948. He was elected to the National Assembly in South Africa's first post-apartheid election in 1994. During the same period, he served as the provincial leader of the FF in Gauteng.
In the 1999 general election, he was elected as the FF's sole representative in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature. Towards the end of his term, during the floor-crossing window of March 2003, he resigned from the FF to join the HNP. The FF's Corné Mulder said that the party was surprised because "we thought he would go to the Conservative Party". Chiolé left the legislature after the 2004 general election.
# Khadak (2022 film)

Khadak is a 2022 Indian Kannada-language crime action film, directed by TN Nagesh and produced by S Valli & Singapura Siddaramaya. It was produced under the banner of Nandini Combines. The film features Dharma Keerthiraj, Anusha Rai, and Kabir Duhan Singh. The score and soundtrack for the movie were made by M.N. Krupakar, the cinematography is done by Shankar Shanmugam, and the editing is done by Sanjeev Reddy.

## Plot

Dharma is an unselfish person who strives for the welfare of society by helping the poor and fighting injustice. He is the son of Major Suryakanth, who was assassinated in front of his son despite denying selling military secrets. Dharma becomes a police officer as an adult to exact revenge on those who killed his parents.
On the other hand, Dharma enjoys life with her group of friends and loves Priya (Anusha Rai). He has been praised by the public for coming to the aid of an elderly man who has acquired land from MLAs and helped to build Kannada school.

## Cast

* Dharma Keerthiraj as Dharma
* Anusha Rai as Priya
* Kabir Duhan Singh
* Suman Talwar

## Production

Darshan began the movie's production in 2019.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack is composed by M.N. Krupakar.

## Reception

Vinay Lokesh of The Times of India rated the film 2.5/5 stars and wrote "A revenge drama that falls flat ".
# Novinka, Kaduysky District, Vologda Oblast

Novinka (Russian: Новинка) is a rural locality (a village) in Nikolskoye Rural Settlement, Kaduysky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 20 as of 2002.

## Geography

Novinka is located 37 km northeast of Kaduy (the district's administrative centre) by road. Panyukovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Prince Madikizela

Prince Madikizela (died 11 September 2021) was a South African lawyer and politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1995 to 1999. He joined the assembly in January 1995, filling a casual vacancy.
A cousin of Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, Madikizela was a longtime member of the ANC underground in the Transkei during apartheid. He was also a practicing lawyer, based in Umtata, and often represented anti-apartheid activists in political cases. His political activity was initially shielded from state attention due to his marriage to Camagwini Matanzima, a favoured daughter of Transkei leader Kaiser Matanzima. After the couple separated in the early 1980s, Kaiser Matanzima banished Madikizela in October 1984; he was confined to a remote rural village until Stella Sigcau came to power in the Transkei and permitted his return to Umtata.
Madikizela died on 11 September 2021 in hospital in East London after a short illness.
# Jenny Malan

Jenny Malan is a South African politician and activist who represented the National Party (NP) in the National Assembly during the first democratic Parliament from 1994 to 1999. She was elected to her seat in the 1994 general election.
After leaving Parliament in 1999, Malan remained a member of the NP, by then relaunched as the New National Party (NNP), in the North West Province. In 2004, when the NNP proposed to merge with the governing African National Congress (ANC), Die Burger reported that she had abstained from the vote and did not support the merger.

## Women's activism

Malan's husband represented the NP as a provincial politician during apartheid, and at that time Malan was an organiser for the NP. However, during the final years of apartheid, Malan became the president of Women for South Africa (Vroue vir Suid Afrika in Afrikaans), a national umbrella group for about 200 white women's organisations, with a total of about 25,000 members. Because the organisation's aim was, in Malan's words, "to offer a home to all peace-loving women without them having to tie themselves in the political field", she withdrew from the NP during that period. Although Women for South Africa was a moderate organisation, it was rejected by right-wing whites because of its (limited) cooperation with black women's groups; during the democratic transition, Malan was one of three Afrikaner women who was invited by the ANC Women's League to participate in founding the Women's National Coalition.
# Vrnjačka Banja Open

The Vrnjačka Banja Open is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor clay courts. The event is classified as a $25,000 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour tournament and has been held in Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia, since 2013.
In 2022, there were held two tournaments there, a $25k and a $60k edition (won by Aliona Bolsova).

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2024 | Carson Branstine | Lola Radivojević | 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, 6–4 |
| 2023 | Polona Hercog | Isabella Shinikova | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 2022 (2) | Aliona Bolsova | Nina Potočnik | 7–5, 6–1 |
| 2022 (1) | Mia Ristić | Cristina Dinu | 0–6, 7–5, 7–5 |
| 2021 | Cristina Dinu | Anna Sisková | 6–1, 7–5 |
| 2020 | tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2019 | Silvia Njirić | Oana Gavrilă | 6–0, 6–3 |
| 2018 | Draginja Vuković | Amina Anshba | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 2017 | Oana Gavrilă | Marie Benoît | 6–7$^{(3–7)}$, 6–4, 7–5 |
| 2016 | Sofya Golubovskaya | Bojana Marković | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 2015 | Lina Gjorcheska | Nina Potočnik | 6–7$^{(4–7)}$, 6–1, 6–0 |
| 2014 | Valentini Grammatikopoulou | Dea Herdželaš | 1–6, 6–3, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$ |
| 2013 | Rebecca Šramková | Dunja Stamenković | 6–3, 6–2 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2024 | Natalija Senić Anja Stanković | Ela Nala Milić Anna Turati | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 2023 | Elena Milovanović Ivana Popovic | Diletta Cherubini Laura Hietaranta | 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2022 (2) | Darya Astakhova Ekaterina Reyngold | Cristina Dinu Nika Radišić | 3–6, 6–2, [10–8] |
| 2022 (1) | Cristina Dinu Valeriya Strakhova | Emily Appleton Prarthana Thombare | 6–1, 4–6, [10–8] |
| 2021 | Carolina Alves Andrea Gámiz | Ioana Loredana Roșca Sandra Samir | 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2020 | tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2019 | Mariana Dražić Justina Mikulskytė | Kristýna Hrabalová Laura Svatíková | 6–2, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$ |
| 2018 | Joëlle Steur Julyette Steur | Anna Makhorkina Miriana Tona | 6–2, 6–3 |
| 2017 | Oana Gavrilă Jelena Stojanovic | Polina Golubovskaya Sofya Golubovskaya | 7–6$^{(7–2)}$, 6–3 |
| 2016 | Tamara Čurović Sandra Jamrichová | Kristina Ostojić Ani Vangelova | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 2015 | Lina Gjorcheska Chantal Škamlová | Marina Lazić Bojana Marinković | 6–4, 6–0 |
| 2014 | Dea Herdželaš Nina Stojanović | Daria Lodikova Kateryna Sliusar | 6–3, 6–0 |
| 2013 | Lina Gjorcheska Polina Leykina | Rebecca Šramková Natália Vajdová | 6–4, 6–3 |
# Marlykovo

Marlykovo (Russian: Марлыково) is a rural locality (a village) in Nikolskoye Rural Settlement, Kaduysky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 25 as of 2002.

## Geography

Marlykovo is located 24 km northeast of Kaduy (the district's administrative centre) by road. Krutets is the nearest rural locality.
# Nathan Phillip Dodge IV

Nathan Phillip Dodge IV, also known as Sandy, (born 1937) is a businessman and philanthropist in Omaha, Nebraska. He is the president and chairman of the NP Dodge Company.

## Biography

Born in Omaha, Dodge graduated from Harvard University and served as a first lieutenant in the United States Air Force from 1959 to 1962.

## Career

Dodge became the fourth Nathan Phillips Dodge to lead the family-owned company in 1978. He expanded the company to offer property management, title insurance, and corporate relocation services.
He previously served as Director and currently serves as Treasurer of Omaha Public Power District Board of Directors, winning his first board election in 1994. Dodge has held past directorships with various organizations, including the American States Water Company, Bridges Investment Counsel, Physicians Clinic, Omaha Community Playhouse Foundation, and Omaha Police Foundation. Dodge was also past Chairman of the University of Nebraska Medical Center Advisory Board and the Nebraska Economic Development Commission. He has been a member of the Nebraska Power Review Board and Mayor's Crime Commission, Girls Inc., and the Firstar Bank of Council Bluffs. He is a Past President of the Omaha Institute of Real Estate Management and the Greater Omaha Chamber of Commerce.