# Ma'ariful Qur'an

Ma'ariful Qur'an (Urdu: معارف القرآن) is an eight-volume tafsir (exegesis) of the Quran written by Islamic scholar Mufti Muhammad Shafi (1897–1976). Originally written in Urdu, it is the most prominent work of its author.

## Background

About the background and starting of Ma'ariful Qur'an, Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani has written in the foreword of the English translation of the same:
   ‘The origin of Ma'ariful Qur'an refers back to the third of Shawwal 1373 A.H. (corresponding to the 2nd of July 1954) when the author was invited to give weekly lectures on the Radio Pakistan to explain selected verses of the Holy Qur'an to the general audience. This invitation was accepted by the author on the condition that he would not accept any remuneration for this service and that his lectures would be broadcast without any interference by the editing authorities. The permanent title of this weekly programme was "Ma'ariful-Qur'an" (The Wisdom of the Holy Qur'an) and it was broadcast every Friday morning on the network of Radio Pakistan.
   ‘This series of lectures continued for ten years up to the month of June 1964 whereby the new authorities stopped the programme for reasons best known to them. This series of lectures contained a detailed commentary on selected verses from the beginning of the Holy Qur'an up to the Surah Ibrahim (Surah no. 14).
   ‘This weekly programme of Radio Pakistan was warmly welcomed by the Muslims throughout the globe and used to be listened to by thousands of Muslims, not only in Pakistan and India but also in Western and African countries.
   ‘After the programme was discontinued, there was a flood of requests from all over the world to transfer this series in a book-form and to complete the remaining part of the Holy Qur'an in the shape of a regular commentary.
   ‘These requests persuaded the esteemed author to revise these lectures and to add those verses which were not included in the original lectures. He started this project in 1383 A.H. (1964) and completed the commentary of Surah al-Fatihah in its revised form and started the revision of Surah al-Baqarah. However, due to his numerous involvements he had to discontinue this task, and it remained unattended during the next five years.
   ‘In Shawwal 1388 (1969) the esteemed author suffered from a number of diseases which made him restricted to his bed. It was during this ailment that he restarted this work while on bed and completed Surah al-Baqarah in the same condition. Since then he devoted himself to the "Ma'ariful-Qur'an". Despite a large number of obstacles in his way, he never surrendered to any of them and continued his work with a miraculous speed until he accomplished the work in eight volumes (comprising about seven thousand pages) within five years only’.

## Structure

The work consists of eight volumes. A detailed introduction, included at the beginning of the first volume, focuses on some of the basic issues of the Quran. Notable among them are the wahy, the modes of descent, the chronology of the revelation of the Quran, the first revealed verses (ayah), Meccan and Medinan verses, the preservation of the Quran, the printing of the Quran, the sources of tafsir, Arabic language etc. The work adopts a simple narrative style: first, several verses are provided in the original Arabic with their literal translation in Urdu; it is then followed by subject-wise discussion on almost every important issue. This narrative technique is repeated until the end. Below is the list of volumes and their contents:
* The first volume – surah Al-Fatiha and surah Al-Baqara
* The second volume – from surah Al-Imran to surah An-Nisa
* The third volume – from surah Al-Ma'ida to surah Al-A'raf
* The fourth volume – from surah Al-Anfal to surah Hud
* The fifth volume – from surah Yusuf to surah Al-Kahf
* The sixth volume – from surah Maryam to surah Ar-Rum
* The seventh volume – from surah Luqman to surah Al-Ahqaf
* The eighth volume – from surah Muhammad to Surat al-Nas.

## Sources

In the introduction of Ma'ariful Qur'an, the author has mentioned the sources he has taken help from in compiling this voluminous work. Some of them are:
* Tafsir al-Tabari, by Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir Tabari
* Tafsir ibn Kathir, by Ibn Kathir
* Tafsir al-Qurtubi, by Al-Qurtubi
* Tafsir al-Bahr al-Muhit, by Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati
* Ahkam al-Quran by Al-Jaṣṣās
* Tafsir al-Kabir, by Imam Fakhruddin Razi
* Dur al-Manthur, by Jalaluddin Al-Suyuti
* Tafsir al-Mazhari, by Qadi Thanaullah Panipati
* Ruh al-Ma'ani, by Mahmud al-Alusi

## Translations
### Gujarati

* Gujarati Quran અહસનુલ બયાન
Ma'ariful Qur'an has been translated into Gujarati by Ilyas Patel Khanpuri. The complete eight volumes of Maariful Quran Translated into Gujarati language with eleven volumes by Ilyas Patel Khanpuri. Website: http://www.maarifulqurangujarati.com

### English

Ma'ariful Qur'an has been translated into English by Prof. Muhammad Hasan Askari and Prof. Muhammad Shamim, and revised by Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani. It has been published from Karachi.

### Bengali

The complete eight volumes of Ma'ariful Qur'an have been translated into Bengali by Maulana Muhiuddin Khan and published from Dhaka by Islamic Foundation Bangladesh. In 1992, the Saudi government "King Fahd Quran Printing Press" printed 1 million copies of it and distributed it worldwide for free. But later the Saudi government stopped the publication of the tafsir after the relevant scholars informed the Saudi authorities about the errors of Aqeedah and narratives in the translation and interpretation of the tafsir.