# List of the Cenozoic life of California

This list of the Cenozoic life of California contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of California and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

## A

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Abantis
** †Abantis velifer
* Abies
** †Abies concoloroides
** †Abies klamathensis
* †Aboma
** †Aboma antiqua – type locality for species
* †Acalypha
** †Acalypha aequalis
* Acanthina
** †Acanthina spirata
* Acanthocardia
** †Acanthocardia brewerii – type locality for species
** †Acanthocardia sorrentoense
* Acar
** †Acar bailyi – or unidentified comparable form
* Accipiter
** †Accipiter velox
* Acentrophryne
** †Acentrophryne longidens
* Acer
** †Acer aequidentatum
** †Acer scottiae
* Acesta
** †Acesta multiradiata
* †Achaenodon
** †Achaenodon robustus – or unidentified comparable form
* Acila
** †Acila castrensis
** †Acila conradi
** †Acila decisa
** †Acila gabbiana
** †Acila muta
** †Acila semirostrata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Acila shumardi
* Acipenser
** Illustration of a living Acipenser medirostris, or green sturgeon †Acipenser medirostris – or unidentified comparable form
* Acmaea
** †Acmaea dickersoni – or unidentified related form
** †Acmaea digitalis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Acmaea insessa
** †Acmaea limatula
** †Acmaea mitra
** †Acmaea persona
** †Acmaea ruckmani – or unidentified comparable form
** †Acmaea tejonensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Acritohippus †Acritohippus
** †Acritohippus isonesus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Acritohippus quinni – type locality for species
** †Acritohippus stylodontus
** †Acritohippus tertius – or unidentified comparable form
* †Acritoparamys – or unidentified comparable form
* Acteocina
** †Acteocina culcitella
** †Acteocina inculta
** †Acteocina magdalensis
* Acteon
** †Acteon boulderanus
** †Acteon lawsoni
** †Acteon punctocaelatus
** †Acteon traski
* Actinemys
** A living Actinemys marmorata, or western pond turtle †Actinemys marmorata
* †Acutostrea
** †Acutostrea idriaensis
** †Acutostrea miguelensis
* Admete
** †Admete rhyssa
* Adula
** †Adula californiensis
** †Adula diegensis
* Aechmophorus
** †Aechmophorus elasson
** †Aechmophorus occidentalis
* †Aechomophorus
** †Aechomophorus occidentalis
* †Aeila
** †Aeila decisa
* †Aelurodon
** †Aelurodon asthenostylus
** †Aelurodon taxoides
* Life restoration of the Miocene camel Aepycamelus, or the long-necked camel. Heinrich Harder (1920). †Aepycamelus
** †Aepycamelus alexandrae
* Aequipecten
** †Aequipecten andersoni
* Aesopus
** †Aesopus chrysalloides
* Aethia
** †Aethia barnesi – type locality for species
** †Aethia rossmoori – type locality for species
* †Aethomylos
** †Aethomylos simplicidens
* Agaronia
** †Agaronia mathewsoni – or unidentified comparable form
** †Agaronia mathewsonii – or unidentified comparable form
* †Agasoma
** †Agasoma acuminatum
** †Agasoma gravida
** †Agasoma gravidum
** †Agasoma kerrianum
** †Agasoma sinuata
* Agelaius
** †Agelaius phoeniceuus
* Fossilized mandible of the Miocene-Pleistocene bear Agriotherium †Agriotherium
* †Ailanthus
** †Ailanthus lesquereuxi
* Akera
** †Akera maga
* Alaba
** †Alaba catalinensis
** †Alaba jeannettae
* Alabina
** †Alabina io – or unidentified comparable form
** †Alabina tenuisculpta
* †Albicetus
** †Albicetus oxymycterus – type locality for species
* †Albireo
** †Albireo savagei – type locality for species
* Alca
* †Alcodes
** †Alcodes ulnulus – type locality for species
* Aleochara
* Aletes
** †Aletes squamigerus
* Restorative model of the Miocene deer relative Aletomeryx †Aletomeryx
** †Aletomeryx occidentalis – type locality for species
* †Alforjas
* Aligena
** †Aligena cerritensis
* †Alilepus
** †Alilepus hibbardi
* †Alisea – type locality for genus
** †Alisea grandis – type locality for species
* †Allodelphis – type locality for genus
** †Allodelphis pratti – type locality for species
** †Allodelphis woodburnei – type locality for species
* Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene seal Allodesmus †Allodesmus
** †Allodesmus gracilis – type locality for species
** †Allodesmus kelloggi – type locality for species
** †Allodesmus kernensis
* †Alluvisorex
** †Alluvisorex chasseae – type locality for species
* Alnus
** †Alnus corrallina
** †Alnus operia
* †Alopecocyon – type locality for genus
** †Alopecocyon leardi – type locality for species
* Alopias
** †Alopias exigua – or unidentified comparable form
** †Alopias latidens
** Caught Alopias vulpinus, or common thresher †Alopias vulpinus – or unidentified comparable form
* Alvania
** †Alvania acutelirata
** †Alvania compacta
** †Alvania iliuliukensis – or unidentified related form
* †Alveojunctus
** †Alveojunctus bowni – type locality for species
* Amaea
* Amara
** †Amara insignis
* †Amaurellina
** †Amaurellina caleocia
** †Amaurellina martinezensis
** †Amaurellina moragai
* Amauropsis
** †Amauropsis alveata
* Flowers and foliage of Amelanchier, or shadbush Amelanchier
* Amiantis
** †Amiantis – type locality for species informal
** †Amiantis callosa
** †Amiantis diabloensis
** †Amiantis mathewsoni
* Ammobaculites
** †Ammobaculites cubensis
** †Ammobaculites strathearnensis – type locality for species
* Ammospermophilus
** †Ammospermophilus fossilis
* †Amorpha
** †Amorpha condonii
** †Amorpha oklahomensis
* †Amphicyon
** †Amphicyon ingens
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene saber-toothed cat Amphimachairodus †Amphimachairodus
** †Amphimachairodus coloradensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Amphimorphina
** †Amphimorphina ignota
* Amphissa
** †Amphissa columbiana
** †Amphissa reticulata
** †Amphissa ventricosa
** †Amphissa versicolor
* Amphiura
** †Amphiura santaecrucis
* †Amphora
** †Amphora ovalis
** †Amphora perpusilla
* †Ampullina
** †Ampullina schencki – or unidentified comparable form
* Amusium
** †Amusium lompocensis
* †Amussiopecten
** †Amussiopecten vanvlecki
* †Amynodon
** †Amynodon advenus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Amynodon reedi
* †Amynodontopsis
** †Amynodontopsis bodei – type locality for species
* Anachis
** †Anachis coronata
* Collection of Anadara marine ark clams Anadara
** †Anadara devincta
** †Anadara obispoana
** †Anadara osmonti
** †Anadara perlabiata
** †Anadara reinharti
** †Anadara rivulata
** †Anadara santana – type locality for species
** †Anadara submontereyana
** †Anadara trilineata
* Anaphothrips
** †Anaphothrips vitreus – type locality for species
* Anas
** †Anas americana
** †Anas carolinense
** †Anas clypeata
** †Anas platyrhynchos
* †Anchitheriomys – or unidentified comparable form
* Fossilized limb bones, and teeth of the Miocene three-toed horse Anchitherium (left) †Anchitherium
** †Anchitherium clarencei
* †Anchura
** †Anchura baptos
* Ancilla
** †Ancilla fishii
** †Ancilla gabbi – tentative report
* †Angelosquilla
** †Angelosquilla altamirensis
* Angulogerina
* Angulus
** †Angulus buttoni
** †Angulus castacana
** †Angulus joaquinensis
** †Angulus jollaensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Angulus longa
** †Angulus lutea – or unidentified comparable form
* Anniella
* Anodontia
** †Anodontia edentuloides
** †Anodontia inflata
* †Anomalina
** †Anomalina californiensis
** †Anomalina garzaensis
* Anomalinoides
** †Anomalinoides globosa – or unidentified comparable form
* Anomia
** †Anomia mcgoniglensis
** †Anomia peruviana
** †Anomia vaquerosensis – type locality for species
* †Ansen
** †Ansen albifrons
* Anser
** †Anser albifrons
* †Antecalomys
** †Antecalomys valensis
** †Antecalomys vasquezi
* †Antiacodon
** †Antiacodon venustus
* Antigona
** †Antigona undosa
* †Antilla
** †Antilla batequensis
* A living Antilocapra, or pronghorn Antilocapra
* Antrozous
** †Antrozous pallidus
* †Anzanycteris
** †Anzanycteris anzensis
* †Apataelurus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Apatemys
** †Apatemys bellus
** †Apatemys downsi – type locality for species
** †Apatemys uintensis
* Aphelocoma
** †Aphelocoma californica
* †Aphelophlebodes – type locality for genus
** †Aphelophlebodes stocki – type locality for species
* Reconstructive illustration of the skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene hornless rhinoceros Aphelops †Aphelops
** †Aphelops megalodus
* Apiotoma
** †Apiotoma californiana
* Aplodontia
** †Aplodontia rufa
* Aprionodon
* Apsena
** †Apsena laticornis – type locality for species
** †Apsena pubescens
** †Apsena rufipes
* Aquila
** A living Aquila chrysaetos, or golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos
* †Araeosteus
** †Araeosteus rothi
* Arbutus
** †Arbutus matthesii
* Arca
** †Arca hornii – type locality for species
** †Arca montereyana
** †Arca pacifica – or unidentified comparable form
** †Arca santaclarana
** †Arca sisquocensis
** †Arca terminumbonis
* †Arceuthobium
* Fossilized skull of the Oligocene bone-crushing dog Archaeocyon †Archaeocyon
** †Archaeocyon pavidus
* †Archaeohippus
** †Archaeohippus mourningi
** †Archaeohippus ultimus
* †Archaeolagus
** †Archaeolagus acaricolus – type locality for species
* †Archaeolithothamnion
** †Archaeolithothamnion keenanii – or unidentified related form
* Archaeolithothamnium
** †Archaeolithothamnium keenani – type locality for species
* †Archaeoparadoxia
** †Archaeoparadoxia weltoni – type locality for species
* †Archibuteo
** †Archibuteo ferrugineus
* A living Architectonica staircase shell sea snail Architectonica
** †Architectonica cognata
** †Architectonica llajasensis – type locality for species
** †Architectonica nobilis
** †Architectonica tuberculata
** †Architectonica ullreyana – or unidentified comparable form
* †Archoheia – tentative report
* Archoplites
** †Archoplites interruptus
* Arcinella
** †Arcinella californica
* Arctica – tentative report
** †Arctica weaveri
* Arctocephalus
* Restoration of an Arctodus, or short-faced bear, with a human to scale †Arctodus
** †Arctodus simus – type locality for species
* †Arctostaphylos
* Ardea
** †Ardea herodias
* Arenaria
** †Arenaria melanocephala
* Arene
** †Arene mcleani – type locality for species
* †Argenna
** †Argenna fossilis – type locality for species
* Argobuccinum
** †Argobuccinum katherineae – type locality for species
** †Argobuccinum oregonensis
* Argopecten
** †Argopecten deserti
** †Argopecten gibbus
** †Argopecten mendenhalli
** †Argopecten purpuratus
** †Argopecten ventricosus
* †Argyrocetus – type locality for genus
** †Argyrocetus bakersfieldensis – type locality for species
** †Argyrocetus joaquinensis – type locality for species
* A modern Argyropelecus silver hatchetfish Argyropelecus
** †Argyropelecus bullocki – type locality for species
** †Argyropelecus bullockii
* †Arnoldina – type locality for genus
** †Arnoldina iniistia – type locality for species
* Arossia
* †Artocarpus
** †Artocarpus lessigiana
* †Asclepiadites
** †Asclepiadites laterita – type locality for species
* A living Asio otus, or long-eared owl Asio
** †Asio priscus
** †Asio wilsonianus
* Asterigerina
** †Asterigerina crassaformis
* Astraea
** †Astraea biangulata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Astraea gibbosa
** †Astraea gradata
** †Astraea morani – type locality for species
** †Astraea undosa
* Astrangia
** †Astrangia grandis – type locality for species
** †Astrangia insignifica – type locality for species
* †Astrocoenia – tentative report
* †Astrocoenta
* †Astrodapsis
** †Astrodapsis arnoldi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Astrodapsis cuyamanus
** †Astrodapsis fernandoensis
** †Astrodapsis merriami – tentative report
** †Astrodapsis spatiosus
* †Astrodaspis
** †Astrodaspis arnoldi
* Astropecten
* Astyris
** †Astyris gausapata
* Athene
** †Athene cunicularia
* Athleta
** †Athleta roddai – type locality for species
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene dolphin Atocetus †Atocetus
** †Atocetus nasalis – type locality for species
* †Atopotarus – type locality for genus
** †Atopotarus courseni – type locality for species
* Atrina
** †Atrina alamedensis
* †Aturia
** †Aturia angustata
** †Aturia dickersoni – type locality for species
** †Aturia kerniana – type locality for species
** †Aturia myrlae – type locality for species
* †Aturoidea
** †Aturoidea mathewsonii – type locality for species
* Atys
* Life restoration of the Miocene sperm whale Aulophyseter †Aulophyseter – type locality for genus
** †Aulophyseter morricei – type locality for species
* Austrotrophon
* †Auxides
** †Auxides sanctaemonicae
* †Avipeda
* Aythya
** †Aythya affinis
** †Aythya valisineria
* †Azalois – type locality for genus
** †Azalois angelensis – type locality for species

## B

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Baiomys
** †Baiomys mowi
* Balaenoptera
** †Balaenoptera bertae – type locality for species
** †Balaenoptera cortesi
** †Balaenoptera davidsonii – type locality for species
** †Balaenoptera physalus
** †Balaenoptera ryani
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene whale Balaenula †Balaenula
* Balanophyllia
** †Balanophyllia elegans
** †Balanophyllia variabilis – type locality for species
* Balanus
** †Balanus crenatus
** †Balanus gregarius
** †Balanus nubilus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Balanus rostratus
* Balcis
** †Balcis micans
** †Balcis monicensis
** †Balcis oldroydi
** †Balcis rutila
** †Balcis thersites
* Bankia
** †Bankia setacea – or unidentified comparable form
* Barbarofusus
** †Barbarofusus barbarensis
* Barbatia
** †Barbatia cliffensis
** †Barbatia landesi – or unidentified related form
** †Barbatia strongi – type locality for species
** †Barbatia suzzalloi – or unidentified comparable form
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene-Pliocene false saber-toothed cat Barbourofelis †Barbourofelis
** †Barbourofelis loveorum
** †Barbourofelis whitfordi
* Barleeia
** †Barleeia marmorea
* Barnea
** †Barnea costata
* †Basirepomys
** †Basirepomys pliocenicus – type locality for species
* Bassariscus
** †Bassariscus antiquus
** †Bassariscus astutus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Bassariscus casei
** †Bassariscus raptor
* †Bathylagus – type locality for genus
** †Bathylagus quiescens – type locality for species
** †Bathylagus quisquilia – type locality for species
* †Bathysiphon
** †Bathysiphon eocenica
** †Bathysiphon sanctaecrucis
* Bathytoma
** †Bathytoma pacifica
* †Batodonoides
** †Batodonoides powayensis
** †Batodonoides walshi – type locality for species
* A living Bembidion ground beetle Bembidion
** †Bembidion davidae – type locality for species
** †Bembidion everestae – type locality for species
* †Benoistia
** †Benoistia cantonensis
* †Bensonomys
** †Bensonomys arizonae
** †Bensonomys gidleyi
** †Bensonomys meadensis
* Beringraja
** †Beringraja binoculata – or unidentified comparable form
* †Bestiopeda
* Betula
** †Betula ashleyii
* †Bifarina
** †Bifarina eleganta
* Bison
** †Bison antiquus
** Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Bison latifrons, or long-horned bison †Bison latifrons
* Bittium
** †Bittium alternatum – or unidentified comparable form
** †Bittium asperum
** †Bittium casmaliense
** †Bittium catalinense
** †Bittium dumblei
** †Bittium eschrichti
** †Bittium eschrichtii
** †Bittium inerfossa
** †Bittium interfossa
** †Bittium latum
** †Bittium ornatissimum
** †Bittium rugatum
** †Bittium topangensis
* Bivetopsia
** †Bivetopsia bullata
* †Boavus
** †Boavus affinis – type locality for species
* Boetica
** †Boetica hertleini
* Life restoration of the Miocene grenadier fish Bolbocara (bottom) †Bolbocara
** †Bolbocara gyrinus
* Bolinichthys
* Bolivina
** †Bolivina gracilis
* Bonasa
** †Bonasa umbellus
* †Bonellitia
** †Bonellitia paucivaricata
** †Bonellitia stantoni
* Bornia
** †Bornia retifera
* Restoration of two of the Miocene-Pliocene bone-crushing dog genus Borophagus preying on a camel. Jay Matternes (1964). †Borophagus
** †Borophagus diversidens
** †Borophagus littoralis – type locality for species
** †Borophagus parvus
** †Borophagus secundus
* †Borophryne
** †Borophryne apogon
* †Bouromeryx
** †Bouromeryx americanus
** †Bouromeryx submilleri – or unidentified comparable form
* Brachidontes
** †Brachidontes cowlitzensis
** †Brachidontes dichotomus
** †Brachidontes lawsoni – or unidentified comparable form
** †Brachidontes ornatus
* Brachiodontes
** †Brachiodontes lawsoni
* †Brachisphingus
** †Brachisphingus gabbi
* †Brachyallodesmus – type locality for genus
** †Brachyallodesmus packardi
* Restorative portrait of the Miocene oreodont mammal Brachycrus †Brachycrus
** †Brachycrus buwaldi
** †Brachycrus laticeps
* †Brachyerix
** †Brachyerix incertis
* †Brachypsalis
** †Brachypsalis obliquidens
** †Brachypsalis pachycephalus – or unidentified comparable form
* Brachyramphus
** †Brachyramphus dunkeli – type locality for species
** †Brachyramphus pliocenum – type locality for species
* †Brachysphingus
** †Brachysphingus liratus
** †Brachysphingus mammilatus – type locality for species
** †Brachysphingus sinuatus
* A living Branta bernicla, or black brant Branta
** †Branta canadensis
** †Branta nigricans – tentative report
** †Branta woolfendeni – or unidentified comparable form
* †Bretzia
* †Brevirostrodelphis – Type locality for genus
** †Brevirostrodelphis dividum - Type locality for species (synonym Delphinodon dividum)
* †Brochopleurus – tentative report
* †Bruclarkia
** †Bruclarkia barkerianum
** †Bruclarkia barkerium
** †Bruclarkia columbiana
** †Bruclarkia gravida
** †Bruclarkia oregonensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Bruclarkia santacruzana
** †Bruclarkia seattlensis
* Bubo
** †Bubo sinclairi – type locality for species
** A living Bubo virginianus, or great horned owl †Bubo virginianus
* Buccinum
** †Buccinum strigillatum
* Bucephala
** †Bucephala albeola
* †Bucida
** †Bucida eocenica
* Bufo
* †Bulbiceps
** †Bulbiceps raninus
* †Bulbifusus
** †Bulbifusus californicus – type locality for species
* Bulimina
** †Bulimina chirana
** †Bulimina debilis
** †Bulimina jacksonensis
** †Bulimina ovata
** †Bulimina ovula
** †Bulimina rinconensis
** †Bulimina socialis – or unidentified comparable form
* Buliminella
** †Buliminella curta
** †Buliminella subfusiformis
* Bulla
** †Bulla clarki
** Shells in multiple views of Bulla gouldiana, or the California bubble sea snail †Bulla gouldiana
** †Bulla punctulata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Bulla punctulatus
** †Bulla striata
* Bullia
** †Bullia clarki
* †Bullinula
** †Bullinula subglobosa
* †Bumelia
** †Bumelia florissanti
* Bursa
** †Bursa califomica
* Buteo
** †Buteo borealis
** A living Buteo jamaicensis, or red-tailed hawk †Buteo jamaicensis
** †Buteo swainsoni

## C

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Cadulus
** †Cadulus fusiformis
* Caecum
** †Caecum californicum
* Calicantharus
** †Calicantharus dalli
** †Calicantharus fortis
** †Calicantharus humerosus
** †Calicantharus portolaensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Calicovatellus – type locality for genus
** †Calicovatellus petrodytes – type locality for species
* Calidris
** †Calidris alba
* Californiconus
** †Californiconus californicus
* †Calilampas
** †Calilampas californiensis
* †Calipepla
** †Calipepla californica
* Calliostoma
** †Calliostoma annulata
** A living Calliostoma annulatum, or purple-ring top sea snail †Calliostoma annulatum
** †Calliostoma augustinensis
** †Calliostoma canaliculatum
** †Calliostoma costatum
** †Calliostoma crassicostatus
** †Calliostoma doliarium
** †Calliostoma doliarum – tentative report
** †Calliostoma gemmulatum
** †Calliostoma ligatum
** †Calliostoma nuttalli
** †Calliostoma supragranosum
** †Calliostoma tricolor
* Callista
** †Callista domenginica
** †Callista vokesi
* Callistochiton
** †Callistochiton palmulatus
* Callithaca
** †Callithaca tenerrima
* Callorhinus
** †Callorhinus gilmorei – type locality for species
** A living Callorhinus ursinus, or northern fur seal †Callorhinus ursinus
* Calopsectra
* †Calorebama
** †Calorebama inornata
* †Calorhadia – tentative report
* Calosoma
** †Calosoma semilaeve
* †Calycites
** †Calycites mikanoides
* Three modern shells of Calyptraea, or Chinese hat snails Calyptraea
** †Calyptraea calabasasensis
** †Calyptraea contorta
** †Calyptraea costellata
** †Calyptraea dalliana
** †Calyptraea diegoana
** †Calyptraea excentrica
** †Calyptraea fastigiata
** †Calyptraea filosa
** †Calyptraea inornata
** †Calyptraea mamillaris
** †Calyptraea mammilaris – or unidentified comparable form
* †Calyptranthes
** †Calyptranthes myrtifolia – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Pliocene-Holocene camel Camelops †Camelops
** †Camelops hesternus
** †Camelops minidokae
* †Cammackacetus – Type locality for genus
** †Cammackacetus hazenorum - Type locality for species
* Campanile
** †Campanile dilloni
* Camponotus – type locality for genus
** †Camponotus festinatus – type locality for species
* †Canarium
** †Canarium californicum
* Cancellaria
** †Cancellaria arnoldi
** †Cancellaria dalliana
** †Cancellaria fernandoensis
** †Cancellaria obesa
** †Cancellaria planospira
** †Cancellaria posunculensis
** †Cancellaria subtuberosa
** †Cancellaria tritonidea
* Cancer
* Cancris
** †Cancris mexicanus
* Canis
** Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus, the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus, or dire wolf †Canis dirus
** †Canis edwardii
** †Canis latrans
** †Canis lepophagus
** †Canis lupus
** †Canis rufus
* Canthon
** †Canthon praticola
** †Canthon simplex
* †Cantius
** †Cantius actius
* †Capricamelus – type locality for genus
** †Capricamelus gettyi – type locality for species
* †Capromeryx
** Fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene dwarf pronghorn Capromeryx †Capromeryx minor
* Caracara
** †Caracara cheriway
** †Caracara plancus
* Carcharhinus
* Carcharias
** †Carcharias clavatus
* †Carcharinus
* Carcharodon
** †Carcharodon arnoldi
** †Carcharodon carcharias
** †Carcharodon hastalis
** †Carcharodon leviathan
** †Carcharodon morricei
** †Carcharodon sulcidens
** †Carcharodon tembloris – type locality for species
* Cardium
** †Cardium brewerii, alternative of Acanthocardia brewerii (see List of the Cenozoic life of California § A)
* Carpelimus
* †Carpites
** †Carpites egregia
* †Carpocyon
** †Carpocyon robustus
* A living Carya, or hickory tree Carya
** †Carya bendirei
** †Carya sessilis
* Caryophyllia
** †Caryophyllia arnoldi
** †Caryophyllia californica – type locality for species
** †Caryophyllia capayensis – type locality for species
** †Caryophyllia pedroensis – type locality for species
* Cassidulina
** †Cassidulina crassipunctata
** †Cassidulina diversa – or unidentified comparable form
** †Cassidulina globosa
* Castanea
** †Castanea spokanensis
* Castanopsis
** †Castanopsis longipetiolatum
* Castor
** †Castor californicus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Catharista
** †Catharista shastensis – type locality for species
* Cathartes
** A living Cathartes aura, or turkey vulture †Cathartes aura
* Catoptrophorus
** †Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
* †Catoptrophus
** †Catoptrophus inornatus
* †Catostomus
** †Catostomus occidentalis
* Ceanothus
** †Ceanothus tuolumnensis
** †Ceanothus turlockensis
* Cedrela
** †Cedrela eolancifolia – type locality for species
** †Cedrela trainii
* †Celastrus
** †Celastrus preangulata – type locality for species
* Celtis
** †Celtis kansana
* †Centetodon
** †Centetodon aztecus
** †Centetodon bembicophagus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Centetodon magnus – or unidentified comparable form
* Centrifuga
** †Centrifuga leeana
* Cepphus
** A living Cepphus columba, or pigeon guillemot †Cepphus columba
** †Cepphus olsoni – type locality for species
* Cercidiphyllum
** †Cercidiphyllum elongatum
* †Cercocarpus
** †Cercocarpus nevadensis
* Cerithidea
** †Cerithidea californica
* Cerithiopsis
** †Cerithiopsis antefilosa
** †Cerithiopsis carpenteri
** †Cerithiopsis columna – or unidentified comparable form
** †Cerithiopsis cosmia
** †Cerithiopsis halia – or unidentified related form
** †Cerithiopsis paramoea
** †Cerithiopsis pedroana
** †Cerithiopsis rowelli
** †Cerithiopsis stejnegeri – or unidentified comparable form
* Cerithium
** †Cerithium incisum
** †Cerithium topangensis
* †Cernictis
** †Cernictis hesperus – type locality for species
* †Cernina
** †Cernina hannibali
* †Cerorhinca
** †Cerorhinca dubia – type locality for species
** †Cerorhinca reai – type locality for species
* Cervus
** †Cervus elaphus
* Cetorhinus
** †Cetorhinus maximus
* Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene whale Cetotherium †Cetotherium
** †Cetotherium furlongi – type locality for species
* †Chaceia
** †Chaceia fulcherae – type locality for species
* †Chaenophryne
** †Chaenophryne melanorhabdus
* Chaetodipus
** †Chaetodipus formosus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Chaetoptelea
** †Chaetoptelea pseudofulva
* †Chalcidichthys – type locality for genus
** †Chalcidichthys malacopterygius – type locality for species
* Chama
** †Chama arcana
** †Chama frondosa
** †Chama grunski
* †Chamaecyparis
** †Chamaecyparis cordillerae
* Charadrius
** †Charadrius semipalmatus
* Side profile of a Chauliodus, or viperfish Chauliodus – type locality for genus
** †Chauliodus eximias
** †Chauliodus eximius – type locality for species
* †Chedevillia
** †Chedevillia saltonensis – type locality for species
** †Chedevillia stewarti – type locality for species
* Chelonia
** †Chelonia californiensis – type locality for species
* Chen
** †Chen caerulescens
* Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene Chendytes, or Law's diving-goose †Chendytes – type locality for genus
** †Chendytes lawi – type locality for species
* Chilostomella
** †Chilostomella hadleyi
* †Chilostomelloides
** †Chilostomelloides ovicula
** †Chilostomelloides oviformis
* Chione
** †Chione californiensis
** †Chione cryptolineata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Chione latilaminosa
** †Chione lineolata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Chione panzana
** †Chione schencki
** †Chione securis
** †Chione undatella
* Chionista
** †Chionista fluctifraga
* Chionopsis
** †Chionopsis gnidia
** †Chionopsis richthofeni
** †Chionopsis temblorensis
* Chlamys
** †Chlamys bartschi
** †Chlamys branneri – or unidentified comparable form
** †Chlamys corteziana – or unidentified comparable form
** A living Chlamys hastata, or spear scallop †Chlamys hastata
** †Chlamys hertleini
** †Chlamys mediacostatus – type locality for species
** †Chlamys rubida
** †Chlamys sespeensis
** †Chlamys swifti
* Chlorostoma
** †Chlorostoma gallina
* †Chorizanthe
* †Chrisodomus
* †Chrysobalanus
** †Chrysobalanus eoicaco
* A living Chrysocyon brachyurus, or maned wolf †Chrysocyon
** †Chrysocyon nearcticus
* †Chrysodomus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
** †Chrysodomus martini
* †Chrysolepis
** †Chrysolepis sonomensis
* †Chumashius
** †Chumashius balchi – type locality for species
* Cibicides
** †Cibicides cushmani
** †Cibicides martinezensis
** †Cibicides pseudoungerianus
* Cibicidoides
** †Cibicidoides midwayensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Cicindela
** †Cicindela haemorrhagica
** †Cicindela oregona
* Cidaris
** †Cidaris martinezensis
* A living Cinnamomum, or cinnamon tree Cinnamomum
** †Cinnamomum acrodromum
** †Cinnamomum dilleri
* Cissus
** †Cissus pyriformis
* †Citellus
** †Citellus bensoni
* Citharichthys
** †Citharichthys stigmaeus
* †Claibornites
** †Claibornites diegoensis
** †Claibornites muirensis
** †Claibornites turneri
* Shells in multiple orientations of Clathrodrillia sea snails Clathrodrillia
** †Clathrodrillia coalingensis
* Clathurella
** †Clathurella conradiana
* Clavilithes
** †Clavilithes tabulatus
* Clavus
** †Clavus hartleyensis – type locality for species
** †Clavus hemphilli
** †Clavus pallidus – or unidentified related form
** †Clavus temblorensis
* Clementia
** †Clementia brioniana
** †Clementia conradiana
** †Clementia pertenius
** †Clementia pertenuis
* Clethrionomys
* Cletocamptus
* Shell of a Clinocardium cockle Clinocardium
** †Clinocardium meekianum
** †Clinocardium nuttallii
* Cliona
* Clupea
** †Clupea hadleyi – type locality for species
** †Clupea tiejei – type locality for species
* Clypeaster
** †Clypeaster bowersi
** †Clypeaster carrizoensis – type locality for species
** †Clypeaster deserti
* A living Cnemidophorus, or whip-tail lizard Cnemidophorus
* †Coalingodea
** †Coalingodea tuberculiformis
* Coccodentalium
** †Coccodentalium emersoni – type locality for species
* †Cocconeis
** †Cocconeis disculus
** †Cocconeis placentula
* †Cochlespiropsis – tentative report
** †Cochlespiropsis jenkinsi – type locality for species
* Cochliomyia – type locality for genus
** †Cochliomyia macellaria – type locality for species
* Shell of a Codakia marine bivalve Codakia
** †Codakia colpoica
** †Codakia distinguenda
* Colaptes
** †Colaptes cafer
* †Colodon
* Coluber
** †Coluber constrictor
* Colubraria
* Columba – or unidentified comparable form
** †Columba fasciata
* Columbarium
* Colymbus
** †Colymbus nigricollis
** †Colymbus parvus
** †Colymbus subparvus – type locality for species
* Compsomyax
** †Compsomyax subdiaphana
* Shell in two views of a Conasprelloides cone sea snail †Conasprelloides
** †Conasprelloides planiliratus
* Concavus
** †Concavus concavus
* †Conchocele
** †Conchocele bisecta
* Coniontis
** †Coniontis abdominalis – type locality for species
** †Coniontis elliptica
** †Coniontis lamentabilis
** †Coniontis puncticollis
** †Coniontis remnans – type locality for species
** †Coniontis robusta
** †Coniontis rugosa
* Conus
** †Conus caleocius
** †Conus fergusoni
** †Conus hornii
** †Conus owenana
** †Conus owenianus
** †Conus redmondii – or unidentified comparable form
** Shell of a Conus regularis, or regular cone sea snail †Conus regularis
** †Conus remondii
** †Conus scalaris
* Cooperella
** †Cooperella subdiaphana
* †Copemys
** †Copemys barstowensis – type locality for species
** †Copemys esmeraldensis
** †Copemys longidens – type locality for species
** †Copemys pagei
** †Copemys russelli
** †Copemys tenuis – type locality for species
* †Cophocara
** †Cophocara stantoni
* †Cophocetus – tentative report
* A living Copris scarab Copris
** †Copris pristinus – type locality for species
* Coragyps
* Coralliophaga
* Corbicula
** †Corbicula dumblei
* Corbula
** †Corbula diaboli – type locality for species
** †Corbula dickersoni
** †Corbula dilatata
** †Corbula fragilis
** †Corbula hornii – or unidentified comparable form
** †Corbula parilis
** †Corbula tomulata – or unidentified comparable form
* Fossilized skeleton preserved in situ (upper left, 2) of the Miocene-Pliocene horse Cormohipparion †Cormohipparion
** †Cormohipparion occidentale – or unidentified comparable form
* Cornus
** †Cornus kelloggii
** †Cornus ovalis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Coronadus – type locality for genus
** †Coronadus agilis – type locality for species
* Coronula – tentative report
* Corvus
** †Corvus brachyrhynchos
** †Corvus corax
* †Cosomys
** †Cosomys primus – type locality for species
* †Cosoryx
** †Cosoryx cerroensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Costacallista
** †Costacallista hornii – or unidentified comparable form
* Restoration of the Miocene palaeomerycid Cranioceras, a relative of modern deer, with anachronistic human to scale †Cranioceras
** †Cranioceras teres
** †Cranioceras unicornis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Craseops
** †Craseops sylvestris – type locality for species
* Crassadoma
** †Crassadoma gigantea
* Crassatella
** †Crassatella – type locality for species A informal
** †Crassatella claytonensis
** †Crassatella compacta
** †Crassatella granti
** †Crassatella meganosensis – type locality for species
** †Crassatella unioides
** †Crassatella uvasana
** †Crassatella washingtonensis
* Crassinella
** †Crassinella nuculiformis
** †Crassinella pacifica
* Shell of a Crassispira sea snail Crassispira
** †Crassispira montereyensis – or unidentified related form
** †Crassispira zizyphus
* Crassostrea
** †Crassostrea ashleyi
** †Crassostrea titan
** †Crassostrea vaquerosensis
* Crataegus
** †Crataegus pacifica
* Crawfordina
** †Crawfordina weaveri
* †Crenaturricula
** †Crenaturricula crenatospira
* Crepidula
** †Crepidula adunca
** †Crepidula coei – or unidentified comparable form
** †Crepidula diminutiva – type locality for species
** †Crepidula excavata
** †Crepidula lessoni
** †Crepidula nummaria
** †Crepidula nunimaria
** Shell in multiple views of a Crepidula onyx, or onyx slipper sea snail †Crepidula onyx
** †Crepidula pileum – or unidentified comparable form
** †Crepidula praerupta
** †Crepidula princeps
** †Crepidula ungana – or unidentified comparable form
* Crepipatella
** †Crepipatella lingulata
* †Crommium
** †Crommium andersoni
** †Crommium pinyonensis
* Crossata
** †Crossata ventricosa
* Crotalus
** A living Crotalus viridis, or prairie rattlesnake †Crotalus viridis
* Crucibulum
** †Crucibulum spinosum
* †Crypholestes
** †Crypholestes vaughni
* †Cryptocarya
** †Cryptocarya praesamarensis
* †Cryptoconus
** †Cryptoconus cooperi
* Cryptomya
** †Cryptomya californica
* Cryptonatica
** †Cryptonatica affinis
** †Cryptonatica aleutica
* A living Cryptotermes, or drywood termite Cryptotermes
** †Cryptotermes ryshkoffi – type locality for species
* Cryptotis
* Ctenocardia
** †Ctenocardia biangulata
* Cucullaea
** †Cucullaea mathewsoni
** †Cucullaea mathewsonii
* Culicoides
** †Culicoides carri – type locality for species
** †Culicoides fossilis – type locality for species
** †Culicoides laurae – type locality for species
** †Culicoides megacanthus – type locality for species
** †Culicoides mioceneus – type locality for species
* Cumingia
** †Cumingia lamellosa
* †Cunnolites – tentative report
* †Cupania
** †Cupania oregona
* †Cupidinimus
** †Cupidinimus avawatzensis
** †Cupidinimus bidahochiensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Cupidinimus boronensis – type locality for species
** †Cupidinimus halli
** †Cupidinimus lindsayi – type locality for species
** †Cupidinimus tertius
* A living Cupressus, or cypress tree †Cupressus
** †Cupressus goveniana
** †Cupressus mokelumnensis
* Cuspidaria
** †Cuspidaria hannibali
* †Cuyamacamelus
** †Cuyamacamelus jamesi
* †Cuyamalagus
** †Cuyamalagus dawsoni – type locality for species
* Cyanocitta
** †Cyanocitta stelleri
* Cybocephalus
** †Cybocephalus californicus – or unidentified comparable form
* Cyclammina
** †Cyclammina clarki
** †Cyclammina incisa – or unidentified comparable form
* Cyclinella
* Cyclocardia
** †Cyclocardia californica
** †Cyclocardia montereyana – type locality for species
** †Cyclocardia ventricosa
* †Cyclocorystes
** †Cyclocorystes aldersoni – type locality for species
* †Cyclosthone – or unidentified comparable form
* Illustration of a living Cyclothone bristlemouth Cyclothone
* Cygnus
** †Cygnus columbianus
* Cylichna
** †Cylichna attonsa
* Cylichnella
** †Cylichnella attonsa
** †Cylichnella culcitella
* Cymatium
** †Cymatium elsemerense
** †Cymatium janetae – type locality for species
* Cymatogaster
** †Cymatogaster aggregata
* †Cymbophora
* †Cynarctoides
** †Cynarctoides acridens
** †Cynarctoides whistleri – type locality for species
* †Cynarctus
** †Cynarctus galushai – type locality for species
* Fossilized cranium of the Miocene bear-dog Cynelos †Cynelos
** †Cynelos malasi – type locality for species
** †Cynelos sinapius – or unidentified comparable form
* †Cynorca
** †Cynorca occidentale
* Cynoscion
** †Cynoscion eprepes
* Cyperus
* Cypraea
* Cyrena
** †Cyrena dumblei
** †Cyrena studleyi – or unidentified comparable form
* Illustration of a living Cyrtonyx quail Cyrtonyx
** †Cyrtonyx tedfordi – type locality for species
* Cystiscus
** †Cystiscus subtrigona
* Cythara
** †Cythara cetolaca
** †Cythara hecetae
** †Cythara interlirata
* Cytherea
** †Cytherea mathewsoni

## D

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* †Dalbergia
** †Dalbergia rubra – type locality for species
* Dallocardia
** †Dallocardia quadragenarium
* Damalichthys
** †Damalichthys vacca
* †Daphoenodon – or unidentified comparable form
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Miocene bear-dog Daphoenus †Daphoenus
** †Daphoenus ruber – type locality for species
* †Darbyella
* Dardanus
** †Dardanus arrosor
* †Dasceles – type locality for genus
** †Dasceles dassurus – type locality for species
* Dasyatis
** †Dasyatis dipterus
* Dasyhelea
** †Dasyhelea antiqua
** †Dasyhelea browneae – type locality for species
** †Dasyhelea dara – type locality for species
** †Dasyhelea judithae – type locality for species
** †Dasyhelea kanakoffi – type locality for species
** †Dasyhelea stenoceras – type locality for species
* A school of living Decapterus, or mackerel scads †Decapterus
** †Decapterus hopkinsi
* Delectopecten
** †Delectopecten lillisi
** †Delectopecten peckhami
* †Delphinavus – type locality for genus
** †Delphinavus newhalli – type locality for species
* Deltochilum – tentative report
* Deltocyathus
** †Deltocyathus whitei – type locality for species
* Dendostrea
** †Dendostrea vespertina
* Dendragapus
** †Dendragapus fuliginosus
** A living Dendragapus obscurus, or dusky grouse †Dendragapus obscurus
* Dendraster
** †Dendraster coalingaensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Dendraster excentricus
** †Dendraster gibbsi
* Dendrophyllia
** †Dendrophyllia californiana – type locality for species
** †Dendrophyllia oldroydi – tentative report
** †Dendrophyllia tejonensis – type locality for species
* A living Dendryphantes jumping spider Dendryphantes
* Dentalina
** †Dentalina approximata
** †Dentalina consobrina
** †Dentalina cooperensis
** †Dentalina jarvisi
** †Dentalina legumen – or unidentified comparable form
** †Dentalina nasuta
** †Dentalina pauperata
** †Dentalina quadrulata
** †Dentalina spinosa
* Dentalium
** †Dentalium conradi
** †Dentalium cooperi
** †Dentalium laneensis
** †Dentalium mcganna – type locality for species
** †Dentalium neohexagonum
** †Dentalium radiolineata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Dentalium rectius
** †Dentalium stentor
** †Dentalium stramineum
* A living Dermochelys, or leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys – or unidentified related form
* Deroceras
* †Derrhias – type locality for genus
** †Derrhias enantius – type locality for species
* †Desmathyus – or unidentified related form
* †Desmatippus
** †Desmatippus avus
* †Desmatochoerus
** †Desmatochoerus hesperus
* †Desmocyon
** †Desmocyon thomsoni
* †Desmodium
** †Desmodium indentum – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene herbivorous marine mammal Desmostylus †Desmostylus
** †Desmostylus hesperus – type locality for species
* Diacria
** †Diacria trispinosa
* Diaphana
** †Diaphana brunnea
* †Diceratherium
* Dichocoenia
** †Dichocoenia merriami
* †Dinohippus
** †Dinohippus interpolatus
** †Dinohippus leardi
** †Dinohippus leidyanus
** †Dinohippus mexicanus
* †Dinohyus
** †Dinohyus hollandi
* Diodora
** †Diodora arnoldi
** †Diodora aspera
** †Diodora inaequalis
* †Diomeda
* Diomedea
** †Diomedea milleri – type locality for species
* †Diomedia
** †Diomedia albatrus
** †Diomedia nigripes
* †Dioplotherium
** †Dioplotherium allisoni
* A living member of Diospyros, the tree genus including ebonies and persimmons †Diospyros
** †Diospyros oregoniana
** †Diospyros retinervis
* Diplodonta
** †Diplodonta buwaldana
** †Diplodonta cretacea
** †Diplodonta orbella
** †Diplodonta pariiis
** †Diplodonta parilis
** †Diplodonta sericata
* Diploria
** †Diploria bowersi – type locality for species
* Dipodomys
** †Dipodomys agilis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Dipodomys compactus
** †Dipodomys deserti – or unidentified comparable form
** †Dipodomys heermanni – or unidentified comparable form
** †Dipodomys hibbardi
** A living Dipodomys merriami, or Merriam's kangaroo rat †Dipodomys merriami
** †Dipodomys minor
** †Dipodomys ordii
* †Dipoides
** †Dipoides vallicula
* †Diprionomys
** †Diprionomys parvus – or unidentified comparable form
* Discammina – tentative report
** †Discammina eocenica
* Discinisca
** †Discinisca cumingi
* Fossilized shell of a Discohelix sea snail †Discohelix
** †Discohelix californicus
* †Dissacus
* Distorsio
* Divalinga
** †Divalinga eburnea
* Divaricella
** †Divaricella cumulata
* †Domnina
* †Domninoides
* Donax
** †Donax californicus
** †Donax gouldii
* †Dorothia
** †Dorothia californica
* Dosinia
** †Dosinia conradi
** †Dosinia dunkeri
** †Dosinia jacalitosana
** †Dosinia margaritana
** †Dosinia mathewsoni
** †Dosinia mathewsonii
** †Dosinia merriami
** †Dosinia milthoidea – tentative report
** †Dosinia ponderosa
** †Dosinia santana – type locality for species
** †Dosinia semiobliterata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Dosinia whitneyi
* †Dosiniopsis
** †Dosiniopsis stewartvillensis – type locality for species
* †Drimys – type locality for genus
** †Drimys defensor – type locality for species
* †Dromomeryx
* †Duchesneodus
** †Duchesneodus uintensis
* †Dusignathus – type locality for genus
** †Dusignathus santacruzensis – type locality for species
** †Dusignathus seftoni – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene manatee relative Dusisiren †Dusisiren
** †Dusisiren dewana
** †Dusisiren jordani – type locality for species
* †Dyseohyus – type locality for genus
** †Dyseohyus fricki – type locality for species
* †Dyseolemur
** †Dyseolemur pacificus – type locality for species
* Dytiscus
** †Dytiscus marginicollis

## E

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* Echinarachnius
** †Echinarachnius fairbanksi
* Illustration of a living Echinorhinus shark Echinorhinus
** †Echinorhinus blakei
* Eclipes – type locality for genus
** †Eclipes extensus
** †Eclipes manni
** †Eclipes santamonicae – type locality for species
** †Eclipes veternus – type locality for species
* †Ectasis – type locality for genus
** †Ectasis proriger – type locality for species
* †Ectinochilus
** †Ectinochilus macilentus
* †Ectopistes
** Taxidermied male Ectopistes migratorius, or passenger pigeon †Ectopistes migratorius
* Eleodes
** †Eleodes acuticaudus
** †Eleodes giganteus
** †Eleodes gracilis
** †Eleodes grandicollis – type locality for species
** †Eleodes laticollis
** †Eleodes omissus
** †Eleodes osculans – type locality for species
* Elgaria
** †Elgaria multicarinata
* †Ellimma
** †Ellimma barbarae – type locality for species
** †Ellimma elmodenae – type locality for species
* †Ellipsonodosaria
** †Ellipsonodosaria alexanderi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Ellipsonodosaria atlantisae
** †Ellipsonodosaria recta
** †Ellipsonodosaria spinulosa
* Elliptotellina
** †Elliptotellina townsendensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Life restoration of two of the Eocene-Oligocene anthracothere mammal Elomeryx being menaced by fellow-anthracothere Anthracotherium †Elomeryx
** †Elomeryx armatus
* †Emmachaere – type locality for genus
** †Emmachaere rhachites – type locality for species
** †Emmachaere rhomalea
* †Enaliarctos
** †Enaliarctos mealsi
** †Enaliarctos mitchelli
* †Enallagma – type locality for genus
** †Enallagma kirkbyae – type locality for species
* Encope
** †Encope tenuis – type locality for species
* Engelhardtia
** †Engelhardtia nevadensis
* Engina
** †Engina strongi
* †Engraulites – type locality for genus
** †Engraulites remifer – type locality for species
* Enhydra
** A living Enhydra lutris, or sea otter †Enhydra lutris
** †Enhydra macrodonta – type locality for species
* †Enhydritherium
** †Enhydritherium terraenovae
* Ensis
** †Ensis myrae
* Entomobrya
** †Entomobrya atrocincta
** †Entomobrya kirkbyae – type locality for species
* †Eocernia
** †Eocernia hannibali
* †Eocypraea
** †Eocypraea castacensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Eocypraea maniobraensis – type locality for species
* †Eogryphus
** †Eogryphus tolmani – or unidentified comparable form
* †Eohaplomys
** †Eohaplomys matutinus – type locality for species
** †Eohaplomys serus – type locality for species
** †Eohaplomys tradux – type locality for species
* †Eomellivora
** †Eomellivora wimani – or unidentified comparable form
* Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Pliocene frog Eopelobates †Eopelobates
* †Eopleurotoma
** †Eopleurotoma whitakerpeakensis – type locality for species
* †Eoscorpius – type locality for genus
** †Eoscorpius primaevus – type locality for species
* †Eosurcula
** †Eosurcula inconstans – or unidentified related form
* †Eotaria – type locality for genus
** †Eotaria citrica – type locality for species
** †Eotaria crypta – type locality for species
* †Eotibia
** †Eotibia llajasensis – type locality for species
* †Eotylopus
* †Epelichthys – type locality for genus
** †Epelichthys michaelis – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene bone-crushing dog Epicyon †Epicyon
** †Epicyon haydeni
** †Epicyon saevus
* †Epihippus
* Epilucina
** †Epilucina californica
* Epinephelus
* †Epiphragmophora
** †Epiphragmophora mormonum
* †Epistomina
** †Epistomina eocenica
* Shell of an Epitonium wentletrap sea snail Epitonium
** †Epitonium bellastriata
** †Epitonium bellastriatum
** †Epitonium clarki
** †Epitonium condoni
** †Epitonium cookii – or unidentified related form
** †Epitonium cooperi
** †Epitonium indianorum
** †Epitonium insculptum
** †Epitonium rugiferum – or unidentified comparable form
** †Epitonium sawinae
* Eponides
** †Eponides keenani
** †Eponides kleinpelli
** †Eponides lodoensis
** †Eponides umbonatus
* Eptesicus
** †Eptesicus fuscus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Equisetum
* Equus
** †Equus conversidens
** †Equus enormis
** †Equus idahoensis
** †Equus pacificus
** †Equus scotti
** Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene horse Equus simplicidens, also known as the Hagerman horse or American zebra †Equus simplicidens
* Eremophila
** †Eremophila alpestris
* Erethizon
** †Erethizon bathygnathum
** †Erethizon cascoensis – type locality for species
** †Erethizon dorsatum
* †Eriquius
** †Eriquius plectrodes
* †Erisceles – type locality for genus
** †Erisceles pristinus – type locality for species
* †Eritima
** †Eritima evides – type locality for species
* †Escharion – type locality for genus
** †Escharion townleyi – type locality for species
* Eschrichtius
** †Eschrichtius robustus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Etringus
** †Etringus scintillans
* Eubalaena – or unidentified comparable form
* †Eucastor
* Life restoration of the Pleistocene bovid Euceratherium, or the shrub ox. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Euceratherium – type locality for genus
** †Euceratherium collinum – type locality for species
* Eucrassatella
** †Eucrassatella semidentata
** †Eucrassatella subgibbosus – type locality for species
* †Eucyon
** †Eucyon davisi
* Euleptorhamphus
** †Euleptorhamphus peronides
* Eumetopias
** †Eumetopias jubata
* †Euoplocyon
** †Euoplocyon brachygnathus
* Eupatagus
** †Eupatagus stevensi
* Euphagus
** †Euphagus cyanocephalus
* Eurytellina
** †Eurytellina lorenzoensis
* Euscelis
** †Euscelis palmeri – type locality for species
* A living Eusmilia stony coral Eusmilia
** †Eusmilia carrizensis – type locality for species
* Euspira
** †Euspira gesteri
** †Euspira hornii
** †Euspira lewisii
** †Euspira muriciformis
** †Euspira nuciformis
* †Euspirocromium
** †Euspirocromium martinezensis
* †Euspirocrommium
** †Euspirocrommium martinezensis
* A living Eutamias chipmunk Eutamias
* †Eutrephoceras
** †Eutrephoceras hallidayi
** †Eutrephoceras hannai
** †Eutrephoceras marksi
** †Eutrephoceras stephensoni – type locality for species
* Euvola
** †Euvola keepi
** †Euvola vogdesi
* †Evesthes
** †Evesthes jordani
* †Exaeretoptera – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
** †Exaeretoptera fosteri – type locality for species
* †Exilia
** †Exilia fausta
** †Exilia talliaferroi – or unidentified comparable form

## F

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* Falco
** †Falco peregrinus
** A living Falco sparverius, or American kestrel †Falco sparverius
* Falsifusus
* Farrea
** †Farrea rugosa – type locality for species
* Fartulum
** †Fartulum hemphilli
** †Fartulum occidentale
* Felaniella
** †Felaniella harfordi
* Felis
** †Felis lacustris
** †Felis rexroadensis
* †Ficopsis
** †Ficopsis cooperiana
** †Ficopsis crescentensis
** †Ficopsis horni
** †Ficopsis meganosensis – type locality for species
** †Ficopsis redmondii
** †Ficopsis remondi
** †Ficopsis remondii
* A living Ficus, or fig tree Ficus
** †Ficus decussata
** †Ficus densifolia
** †Ficus gesteri
** †Ficus goshenensis
** †Ficus modesta – or unidentified comparable form
** †Ficus nodiferum
** †Ficus ocoyana
** †Ficus pyriformis
* Fimbria
** †Fimbria pacifica
** †Fimbria susanensis – type locality for species
* Fissurella
** †Fissurella behri – or unidentified related form
** †Fissurella volcano
* Fossilized shell of the Oligocen-modern scallop Flabellipecten Flabellipecten
** †Flabellipecten carrizoensis
** †Flabellipecten stearnsii
* Flabellum
** †Flabellum californicum
** †Flabellum clarki – type locality for species
** †Flabellum cuneiforme
** †Flabellum stantoni
* †Forestiera
** †Forestiera buchananensis
* †Forfex – type locality for genus
** †Forfex hypuralis – type locality for species
* Forreria
** †Forreria belchei
** †Forreria belcheri
** †Forreria carisaensis
** †Forreria coalingensis
* †Fragilaria
** †Fragilaria brevistriata
** †Fragilaria construens
** †Fragilaria pinnata
* Fratercula
** A living Fratercula cirrhata, or tufted puffin †Fratercula cirrhata
** †Fratercula dowi – type locality for species
* †Fraxinus
** †Fraxinus yubaensis – type locality for species
* Frondicularia
** †Frondicularia tenuissima
* Fulgoraria
** †Fulgoraria prevostiana
** †Fulgoraria zinsmeisteri – type locality for species
* †Fulica
** †Fulica americana
* Fulmarus
** †Fulmarus glacialis
** †Fulmarus griseus
** †Fulmarus hammeri – type locality for species
** †Fulmarus miocaenus – type locality for species
* Fusimitra – tentative report
** †Fusimitra simplicissima – or unidentified comparable form
* Fusinus
** †Fusinus barbarensis
** †Fusinus calabasensis
** †Fusinus chehalisensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Fusinus hecoxi
** †Fusinus lincolnensis – or unidentified related form
** †Fusinus luteopictus
** †Fusinus meganosensis – type locality for species
** †Fusinus merriami – or unidentified related form
** †Fusinus simiensis

## G

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* A living Galeocerdo cuvier, or tiger shark Galeocerdo
** †Galeocerdo aduncus
** †Galeocerdo medius
* Galeodea
** †Galeodea calfornica
** †Galeodea carinata – or unidentified related form
** †Galeodea meganosensis
** †Galeodea petersoni – or unidentified related form
** †Galeodea susanae
** †Galeodea sutterensis
* A living Galeorhinus galeus school shark Galeorhinus
** †Galeorhinus hannibali
** †Galeorhinus latus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Galeorhinus zopterus
* †Ganolytes
** †Ganolytes aratus
** †Ganolytes cameo
** †Ganolytes clepsydra – type locality for species
* Gari
** †Gari californica
** †Gari diegoensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Gari furcata
** †Gari hornii
** †Gari texta
* †Gasterosternus
** †Gasterosternus aculeatus
* Gasterosteus
** A school of living Gasterosteus aculeatus, or three-spined stickleback †Gasterosteus aculeatus
* Gastrochaena
** †Gastrochaena dubitata – tentative report
* Gaudryina
** †Gaudryina laevigata
** †Gaudryina triangularis – or unidentified comparable form
* Gavia
** †Gavia arctica
** †Gavia brodkorbi – type locality for species
** †Gavia concinna
** †Gavia howardae – type locality for species
** †Gavia immer
** †Gavia pacifica
** Living adult and young Gavia stellata, or red-throated loon †Gavia stellata
* †Gemelliporella – tentative report
** †Gemelliporella punctata – or unidentified related form
* Gemmula
** †Gemmula diabloensis – type locality for species
** †Gemmula wattsi
* Genota
** †Genota keepi
* Genyonemus
** †Genyonemus lineatus
* Geochelone
* †Geococcyx
** A living Geococcyx californianus, or greater roadrunner †Geococcyx californianus
* Geomys
* Geranoaetus
* Gerrhonotus
* Gibbolucina
** †Gibbolucina gyrata
** †Gibbolucina turneri
* †Gila – tentative report
* †Gilbertia
* †Gisortia
** †Gisortia clarki
* Glans
** †Glans carpenteri
* Glaucidium
** A living Glaucidium gnoma, or mountain pygmy owl †Glaucidium gnoma
* Glebocarcinus
** †Glebocarcinus amphioetus
* Globigerina
** †Globigerina bulloides
** †Globigerina decepta
** †Globigerina ouachitaensis
** †Globigerina triloculinoides
* Globorotalia
** †Globorotalia crassata
* Globularia
** †Globularia hannabali – or unidentified comparable form
* Glossus
** †Glossus susukii – type locality for species
* Glycimeris
* Fossilized shell of a Glycymeris, or bittersweet clam Glycymeris
** †Glycymeris branneri
** †Glycymeris gigantea
** †Glycymeris major
** †Glycymeris perrini
** †Glycymeris rosecanyonensis
** †Glycymeris sagittata
** †Glycymeris septentrionalis
** †Glycymeris veatchi
** †Glycymeris veatchii
* Glyptoactis
** †Glyptoactis domenginica
** †Glyptoactis keenae
** †Glyptoactis mcmasteri
** †Glyptoactis sandiegoensis
* Glyptostrobus
** †Glyptostrobus oregonensis
* †Gnathamitermes
** †Gnathamitermes rousei – type locality for species
* Gnathotermes
* †Golerdelphys – type locality for genus
** †Golerdelphys stocki – type locality for species
* †Goleremys – type locality for genus
** †Goleremys mckennai – type locality for species
* †Gomphotaria – type locality for genus
** †Gomphotaria pugnax – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Gomphotherium †Gomphotherium
** †Gomphotherium obscurum
* †Goniobasis – tentative report
* Goniopora
** †Goniopora vaughani – type locality for species
* Gopherus
** †Gopherus agassizi
** †Gopherus agassizii
** †Gopherus mohavetus – type locality for species
* †Gordonia
** †Gordonia egregia
* Granulina
** †Granulina margaritula
* †Gripholagomys – tentative report
* †Griphomys
** †Griphomys alecer – type locality for species
** †Griphomys toltecus – type locality for species
* Gymnogyps
** A living Gymnogyps californianus, or California condor †Gymnogyps californianus – type locality for species
* Gyroidina
** †Gyroidina condoni
** †Gyroidina orbicularis
** †Gyroidina planulata
** †Gyroidina soldanii

## H

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* †Hadrogyps – type locality for genus
** †Hadrogyps aigialeus – type locality for species
* Haliaeetus
** †Haliaeetus leucocephalus
* †Haliaetus
** †Haliaetus leucocephalus
* †Halonanus
** †Halonanus horni
* †Hamamelites
** †Hamamelites voyana
* A living Haminoea bubble sea snail Haminoea
** †Haminoea postangulata – type locality for species
** †Haminoea vesicula
* Hanetia
** †Hanetia elegans
* †Hantkenina
** †Hantkenina alabamensis
* Haplophragmoides
** †Haplophragmoides flagleri
** †Haplophragmoides obliquicameratus
* Fossilized skull of the mesonychian mammal Harpagolestes †Harpagolestes – or unidentified comparable form
* †Harrymys
** †Harrymys magnus
* Harvella
** †Harvella elegans
* †Hastigerinella
** †Hastigerinella eocenica
* †Hayia – type locality for genus
** †Hayia daulica – type locality for species
* †Heliscomys
** †Heliscomys walshi – type locality for species
* Heloderma
* †Hemiacodon
** †Hemiacodon gracilis
* Fossilized lower jaw of the Miocene-Pleistocene llama relative Hemiauchenia †Hemiauchenia
** †Hemiauchenia macrocephala
* Hemipristis
** †Hemipristis heteropleurus
** †Hemipristis serra
* Hemitelia
** †Hemitelia pinnata – type locality for species
* Hemitoma
** †Hemitoma cantonensis – type locality for species
* †Hercoglossa
** †Hercoglossa merriami – type locality for species
** †Hercoglossa simiensis – type locality for species
* Here
** †Here excavata
* †Herpetocetus
** †Herpetocetus bramblei – type locality for species
** †Herpetocetus morrowi – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene mammal Herpetotherium †Herpetotherium
** †Herpetotherium innominatum – or unidentified comparable form
** †Herpetotherium knighti – or unidentified comparable form
** †Herpetotherium valens
* †Hesperaletes
** †Hesperaletes borineyi – type locality for species
** †Hesperaletes walshi – type locality for species
* Hespererato
** †Hespererato columbella
* †Hesperhys
** †Hesperhys vagrans
* †Hesperocamelus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Hesperocetus – type locality for genus
** †Hesperocetus californicus – type locality for species
* †Hesperolagomys
* Hesperomys
** †Hesperomys nematodon
* †Hesperotestudo
** †Hesperotestudo orthopygia
* A living Heterodontus, or bullhead shark Heterodontus
** †Heterodontus francisi – or unidentified comparable form
* †Heteropliohippus
** †Heteropliohippus hulberti – type locality for species
* Heterosilpha
** †Heterosilpha ramosa
* Heteroterma
** †Heteroterma striata
** †Heteroterma trochoidea
* †Hexacanthus
* Hexagrammos
** †Hexagrammos achrestus – type locality for species
* Illustration of a living Hexanchus, or sixgill shark Hexanchus
** †Hexanchus aus
** †Hexanchus bus
* Hiatella
** †Hiatella arctica
* †Hilgardia – tentative report
** †Hilgardia parkei
* †Hiltonius
** †Hiltonius australis – type locality for species
* Life restoration of a herd of the Miocene-Pleistocene horse Hipparion. Heinrich Harder (1920). †Hipparion
** †Hipparion forcei
** †Hipparion tehonense
* †Hippidion
* †Hippipeda
* †Hippnoe
** †Hippnoe californica
* Hipponix
** †Hipponix craniodes
** †Hipponix tumens
* †Hipponoe
** †Hipponoe californica
* †Hippotherium
* Histrionicus
** †Histrionicus histrionicus – tentative report
* Hodomys
* Homalopoma
** †Homalopoma carpenteri
** †Homalopoma domenginensis
** †Homalopoma pacifica
** †Homalopoma wattsi
* Homo
** †Homo sapiens
* †Homomya
* Restoration of Pliocene-Pleistocene Homotherium, or scimitar cat †Homotherium
** †Homotherium serum – or unidentified comparable form
* †Hopkinsina
** †Hopkinsina compressa
* †Hoplictis
** †Hoplictis grangerensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Hoplophoneus
** †Hoplophoneus cerebralis
* †Humilaria
** †Humilaria perlaminosa
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene creodont mammal Hyaenodon †Hyaenodon
** †Hyaenodon venturae
** †Hyaenodon vetus – type locality for species
* Hyalina
** †Hyalina californica
* †Hyalinonetrion
** †Hyalinonetrion clavatum
* Hydrangea
** †Hydrangea californica – type locality for species
* †Hydrodamalis
** †Hydrodamalis cuestae – type locality for species
** Restorative model of the Pleistocene-Holocene manatee relative Hydrodamalis gigas, or Steller's sea cow †Hydrodamalis gigas
* Hydrophilus
* Hyla
* †Hyopsodus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Hyperbaena
** †Hyperbaena diforma
* †Hypertragulus
** †Hypertragulus calcaratus
** †Hypertragulus hesperius
* †Hypohippus
* †Hypolagus
** †Hypolagus edensis – type locality for species
** †Hypolagus fontinalis
** †Hypolagus furlongi
** †Hypolagus gidleyi
** †Hypolagus parviplicatus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Hypolagus tedfordi
** †Hypolagus vetus
* †Hyrachyus

## I

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* †Ibarus
** †Ibarus ignotus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Idiophyseter – type locality for genus
** †Idiophyseter merriami – type locality for species
* †Ignacius
** †Ignacius frugivorus
* †Ilingoceros
* Restoration of the Miocene walrus Imagotaria †Imagotaria – type locality for genus
** †Imagotaria downsi – type locality for species
* †Indarctos
* †Inga
** †Inga ionensis – type locality for species
* †Interchlamys
** †Interchlamys interlineata – or unidentified comparable form
* †Ioscion
** †Ioscion morgani
* Ischnochiton
** †Ischnochiton sanctaemonicae
* †Ischyrocyon
** †Ischyrocyon gidleyi
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Oligocene rodent Ischyromys †Ischyromys
* Iselica
** †Iselica fenestrata
* Isognomon
** †Isognomon clarki
* Isurus
** †Isurus aus
** †Isurus benedini
** †Isurus bus
** †Isurus oxyrhynchus
** †Isurus oxyrinchus
** †Isurus planus

## J

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* †Jacobsomys
** †Jacobsomys dailyi – type locality for species
* †Jamilcotatus
** †Jamilcotatus boreios – type locality for species
* Jaton
** †Jaton eldridgei
** †Jaton festivus
* †Johannsenomyia
** †Johannsenomyia hotchkissae – type locality for species
* Jouannetia
* Juliacorbula
** †Juliacorbula luteola
* †Julus
** †Julus cavicola – type locality for species
** †Julus occidentalis – type locality for species
* †Jumaraina
** †Jumaraina rinconensis – type locality for species
* †Juncus
* A living Juniperus, or juniper tree Juniperus

## K

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* Kalolophus
** †Kalolophus antillarum – or unidentified comparable form
* †Kampholophos – type locality for genus
** †Kampholophos serrulus – type locality for species
* Karreriella
** †Karreriella barbati
** †Karreriella mediaaquaensis
* Katherinella
* Kelletia
** †Kelletia kelletii
* Kellia
** †Kellia suborbicularis
* Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene dolphin Kentriodon †Kentriodon – type locality for genus
** †Kentriodon obscurus – type locality for species
* †Keteleeria
** †Keteleeria heterophylloides
* †Kewia – tentative report
** †Kewia fairbanksi – or unidentified comparable form
* †Kingena
** †Kingena simiensis
* †Kirkomys – or unidentified comparable form
* †Knightomys – or unidentified comparable form
* †Kummelonautilus
* Kurtiella
** †Kurtiella tumida
* Kurtzia
** †Kurtzia arteaga
* Kurtziella
** †Kurtziella plumbea

## L

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* Y
* Z
* Shell in multiple views of a Labyrinthus land snail †Labyrinthus
** †Labyrinthus obtusus – type locality for species
* Lacuna
** †Lacuna carinata
** †Lacuna porrecta
** †Lacuna solidula
** †Lacuna unifasciata
* †Lacunaria
** †Lacunaria striata – or unidentified related form
* Laevicardium
** Shell of a Laevicardium elatum, or giant egg cockle †Laevicardium elatum
** †Laevicardium substriatum
* Lagena
** †Lagena isabella
** †Lagena strumosa
** †Lagena substriata
** †Lagena sulcata
** †Lagena vulgaris
* Lamelliconcha
** †Lamelliconcha clarki
* Lamna
* Lampanyctus
* †Lampris – type locality for genus
** Life restoration of the Miocene opah fish Lampris zatima †Lampris zatima – type locality for species
* †Lamprolithax – type locality for genus
** †Lamprolithax annectens – type locality for species
** †Lamprolithax simulans – type locality for species
* Lampropeltis
** †Lampropeltis getulus
* †Lantanotherium
** †Lantanotherium dehmi
** †Lantanotherium sawini
* †Lapparia
** †Lapparia eomagna
* Larus
** A living Larus californicus, or California gull †Larus californicus
** †Larus delawarensis
** †Larus glaucescens
** †Larus philadelphia
* Latirus
** †Latirus buwaldana
** †Latirus nightingalei – or unidentified comparable form
** †Latirus roseburgensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Laurophyllum
** †Laurophyllum fremontensis
** †Laurophyllum litseaefolia
* †Laytonia – type locality for genus
** †Laytonia californica – type locality for species
* Lechytia
* Leda
** †Leda gabbi
* †Legionarictis – type locality for genus
** †Legionarictis fortidens – type locality for species
* †Leidymys
* †Lembicus – type locality for genus
** †Lembicus meiklejohni – type locality for species
* Lenticulina
** †Lenticulina convergens
* Lepeta
** †Lepeta concentrica
* A living Lepidochitona chiton Lepidochitona
** †Lepidochitona keepiana
* †Lepidogobias
** †Lepidogobias lepidus
* Lepidozona
** †Lepidozona pectinulatus
* Lepisosteus
** †Lepisosteus spatula – or unidentified comparable form
* †Leptacanthichthys
** †Leptacanthichthys gracilispinis
* †Leptarctus
** †Leptarctus ancipidens
** †Leptarctus wortmani
* Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene-Miocene dog Leptocyon †Leptocyon
** †Leptocyon leidyi
** †Leptocyon tejonensis – type locality for species
** †Leptocyon vafer
** †Leptocyon vulpinus
* †Leptodontomys
** †Leptodontomys stirtoni
* †Leptomeryx
** †Leptomeryx blacki
* Leptopecten
** †Leptopecten andersoni
** A living Leptopecten latiauratus, or kelp scallop †Leptopecten latiauratus
* †Leptoreodon
** †Leptoreodon edwardsi – type locality for species
** †Leptoreodon golzi – type locality for species
** †Leptoreodon leptolophus – type locality for species
** †Leptoreodon major – type locality for species
** †Leptoreodon marshi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Leptoreodon pusillus – type locality for species
** †Leptoreodon stocki – type locality for species
* †Leptotomus
** †Leptotomus caryophilus
* Lepus
** †Lepus americanus
** †Lepus californicus
** †Lepus callotis
* Leukoma
** †Leukoma staminea
* Lima
* Limaria
** †Limaria hemphilli
* Top view of a fossilized skull of the Eocene creodont mammal Limnocyon †Limnocyon
* †Limnoecus
** †Limnoecus tricuspis – type locality for species
* †Limosa
** †Limosa fedoa
** †Limosa vanrossemi – type locality for species
* Linga
* †Linophryne
** †Linophryne indica
* †Liolithax – type locality for genus
** †Liolithax kernensis – type locality for species
* Liquidambar
** †Liquidambar californicum
* Lirobittium – tentative report
* †Lirosceles
** †Lirosceles elegans – type locality for species
* Lirularia
** †Lirularia funiculata
** †Lirularia lirulata
* Lissodelphis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Lithocarpus
** †Lithocarpus klamathensis
** †Lithocarpus nevadensis
* Lithophaga
** †Lithophaga plumula
* Lithophyllum
** †Lithophyllum sierraeblancae – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene bird Lithornis †Lithornis – or unidentified comparable form
* Lithothamnion
** †Lithothamnion grahami
** †Lithothamnion laminosum – type locality for species
** †Lithothamnion luxurum
** †Lithothamnion manni
** †Lithothamnion meganosium
** †Lithothamnion validum – or unidentified related form
** †Lithothamnion wallisium
* †Litorhadia
** †Litorhadia washingtonensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Littorina
** †Littorina petricola
** †Littorina planaxis
** †Littorina scutulata
* †Lituyapecten
** †Lituyapecten purisimaensis
* Life restoration of the Miocene marine drumfish Lompoquia †Lompoquia – type locality for genus
** †Lompoquia retropes – type locality for species
* †Lonchodelphis
** †Lonchodelphis occiduus – type locality for species
* Lontra
** †Lontra canadensis
* †Lophar – type locality for genus
** †Lophar miocaenus – type locality for species
* †Lophocetus
** †Lophocetus repenningi – type locality for species
* †Lophortyx
** †Lophortyx californica
* †Lora
* †Losinia
* Lottia
** †Lottia limatula
** Shell of a Lottia scabra, or rough limpet †Lottia scabra
* †Loxolithax – type locality for genus
** †Loxolithax sinuosa – type locality for species
* †Loxotrema
** †Loxotrema turritum
* Lucapinella
** †Lucapinella callomarginata
* Lucina
** †Lucina gaylordi
** †Lucina wattsi
* Lucinisca
** †Lucinisca nuttalli
* Lucinoma
** †Lucinoma acutilineata
** †Lucinoma annulatum
* Luidia
** †Luidia etchegoinensis – type locality for species
** †Luidia sanjoaquinensis – type locality for species
* †Lutianus
** †Lutianus hagari – type locality for species
* Fossilized skull of the Eocene carnivoran mammal Lycophocyon †Lycophocyon – type locality for genus
** †Lycophocyon hutchisoni – type locality for species
* †Lygisma – type locality for genus
** †Lygisma tenax – type locality for species
* Lygodium
** †Lygodium kaulfussi
* Lynx
** †Lynx fasciatus
** †Lynx rufus
* Lyonsia
** †Lyonsia califomica
** †Lyonsia venturaensis – type locality for species
* Lyria
** †Lyria andersoni
* †Lyrischapa
** †Lyrischapa lajollaensis
* †Lyropecten
** †Lyropecten bowersi
** †Lyropecten crassicardo
** †Lyropecten magnolia
** †Lyropecten miguelensis
** †Lyropecten perrini
* †Lyrosurcula – tentative report

## M

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Machaeromeryx – tentative report
** †Machaeromeryx tragulus
* Fossilized cranium of the Miocene-Pleistocene saber-toothed cat Machairodus †Machairodus
* Macoma
** †Macoma andersoni
** †Macoma calcarea
** †Macoma carlottensis
** †Macoma copelandi
** †Macoma diabloensis
** †Macoma expansa
** †Macoma indentata
** †Macoma inquinata
** †Macoma moesta
** Shell of Macoma nasuta, or the bent-nosed clam †Macoma nasuta
** †Macoma pabloensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Macoma panzana
** †Macoma planiuscula – or unidentified comparable form
** †Macoma secta
** †Macoma viticola
* Macrarene
* Macrocallista
** †Macrocallista furlongi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Macrocallista horni – or unidentified comparable form
** †Macrocallista meganosensis – type locality for species
** †Macrocallista pittsburgensis
** †Macrocallista squalida
** †Macrocallista squalidus
** †Macrocallista weaveri
* †Macrochlamis
** †Macrochlamis magnolia
* Life restoration of the Oligocene toothed-whale Macrodelphinus (background) †Macrodelphinus – type locality for genus
** †Macrodelphinus kelloggi – type locality for species
* †Macrotarsius
** †Macrotarsius roederi – type locality for species
* Mactromeris
** †Mactromeris abbotti
** †Mactromeris acutirostrata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Mactromeris albaria
** †Mactromeris bisculpturata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Mactromeris brevirostrata
** †Mactromeris catilliformis
** †Mactromeris hemphillii
** †Mactromeris mercedensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Mactromeris merriami
** †Mactromeris montereyana – type locality for species
** †Mactromeris muliniaformis – type locality for species
** †Mactromeris pittsburgensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Mactromeris polynyma
** †Mactromeris ramonensis
** †Mactromeris rushi
** †Mactromeris sectoris
** †Mactromeris tejonensis
* Mactrotoma
** †Mactrotoma californica
** †Mactrotoma nasuta
* Madracis
** †Madracis wellsi – type locality for species
* Madrepora
** †Madrepora solida – type locality for species
* Close-up view of a Magnolia flower Magnolia
** †Magnolia corrallina
** †Magnolia dayana
* Mahonia
** †Mahonia macginitiei
** †Mahonia reticulata
** †Mahonia simplex
* Makaira
* Malea
** †Malea ringens
* Malletia
* Mallotus
** †Mallotus riparius
* †Mambrinia
** †Mambrinia gallica – type locality for species
* †Mammut
** †Mammut americanum – all local specimens previously referred to this species have since been reclassified in the new species M. pacificus.
** †Mammut cosoensis
** †Mammut matthewi
** †Mammut pacificus – type locality for species. Many specimens were previously regarded as specimens of M. americanum.
* †Mammuthus
** †Mammuthus columbi
** †Mammuthus exilis
** †Mammuthus hayi
** Restoration of a herd of Mammuthus primigenius, or wooly mammoths †Mammuthus primigenius
* †Mancalla – type locality for genus
** †Mancalla californiensis – type locality for species
** †Mancalla cedrosensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Mancalla diegenesis
** †Mancalla diegensis – type locality for species
** †Mancalla emlongi – type locality for species
** †Mancalla lucasi – type locality for species
** †Mancalla milleri – type locality for species
** †Mancalla vegrandis
** †Mancalla vergrandis – type locality for species
* †Mangelia
** †Mangelia variegata
* †Margaritana
** †Margaritana falcata – or unidentified comparable form
* Margarites
** †Margarites pupillus
* A living Marginella margin sea snail Marginella
* Marginulina
** †Marginulina adunca – or unidentified comparable form
** †Marginulina dubia
** †Marginulina eximia
** †Marginulina munda
* Marmota
* †Marshochoerus
** †Marshochoerus socialis
* A living Martes, or marten Martes
* Martesia
** †Martesia meganosensis – type locality for species
* †Martinogale
** †Martinogale faulli – type locality for species
* Martinottiella
** †Martinottiella eocenica
* Maxwellia
** †Maxwellia gemma
* †Mayena – tentative report
** †Mayena kewi – or unidentified comparable form
* †Mealanitta
** †Mealanitta deglandi
* †Mediochoerus
** †Mediochoerus mohavensis
* †Megacamelus
** †Megacamelus merriami
* Megachasma
** †Megachasma applegatei – type locality for species
* Megachile
** †Megachile gentilis
* †Megahippus
** †Megahippus matthewi
** †Megahippus mckennai – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Megalonyx †Megalonyx
** †Megalonyx jeffersonii
** †Megalonyx mathisi – type locality for species
** †Megalonyx wheatleyi
* Megalops – tentative report
** †Megalops vigilax
* †Megapaloelodus
** †Megapaloelodus connectens
* †Megapetalus
* Megaptera
** †Megaptera miocaena – type locality for species
* Megatebennus
** †Megatebennus bimaculata
** †Megatebennus bimaculatus
* Megathura – tentative report
* †Megatylopus
** †Megatylopus matthewi – or unidentified comparable form
* †Megistostoma
** †Megistostoma gabbiana – or unidentified comparable form
* Melampus
** †Melampus olivaceous
** †Melampus olivaceus
* Melanella
** †Melanella hastata
** †Melanella micans
* Melanitta
** †Melanitta ceruttii – type locality for species
** †Melanitta deglandi – tentative report
** †Melanitta fusca
** †Melanitta perspicillata
* Melanoplus
** †Melanoplus differentialis
* Melanthrips
* Meleagris
** †Meleagris richmondi – type locality for species
* †Meliosma
** †Meliosma truncata – type locality for species
* †Melosira
** †Melosira solida
* Melospiza
** †Melospiza melodia
* †Meniscomys
* †Meniscotherium
** †Meniscotherium tapiacitum
* Life restoration of the Miocene rhinoceros Menoceras †Menoceras
** †Menoceras barbouri
* Mephitis
** †Mephitis mephitis
* †Mercyhippus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
** †Mercyhippus brevidontus
* Meretrix
** †Meretrix californica
** †Meretrix conradi
** †Meretrix hornii
** †Meretrix lorenzana
** †Meretrix palmeri – type locality for species
** †Meretrix stantoni
** †Meretrix uvasana – type locality for species
* Mergus
** †Mergus serrator
* Merluccius
** †Merluccius productus
* †Merriamina – type locality for genus
** †Merriamina ectenes – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Miocene pronghorn Merriamoceros with an anachronistic human to scale †Merriamoceros
** †Merriamoceros coronatus – type locality for species
* †Merychippus
** †Merychippus brevidontus – type locality for species
** †Merychippus californicus – type locality for species
** †Merychippus relictus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Merychippus stevensi
* †Merychyus
** †Merychyus elegans
** †Merychyus minimus
** †Merychyus novomexicanus
** †Merychyus smithi
* †Merycobunodon
** †Merycobunodon littoralis – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn Merycodus †Merycodus
** †Merycodus joraki
** †Merycodus necatus
* Mesalia
** †Mesalia clarki – type locality for species
** †Mesalia martinezensis
* †Mesocyon
** †Mesocyon brachyops
** †Mesocyon coryphaeus
* †Mesodma – tentative report
* †Mesohippus
* Mesophyllum
** †Mesophyllum californicum
** †Mesophyllum fructiferum
** †Mesophyllum obsitum
** †Mesophyllum schenckii – type locality for species
** †Mesophyllum schenki
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene oreodont mammal Mesoreodon †Mesoreodon
** †Mesoreodon chelonyx
* †Metacerithium
** †Metacerithium packardi
* †Metalopex
** †Metalopex merriami
* †Metanoiamys
** †Metanoiamys agorus – type locality for species
** †Metanoiamys fantasma
** †Metanoiamys korthi – type locality for species
** †Metanoiamys marinus – type locality for species
* †Metarhinus
** †Metarhinus pater – type locality for species
* †Metatomarctus
** †Metatomarctus canavus
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene manatee relative Metaxytherium †Metaxytherium
** †Metaxytherium arctodites
* †Metechinus
** †Metechinus amplior
* †Miacis
** †Miacis hookwayi – type locality for species
* †Michenia
** †Michenia agatensis
** †Michenia mudhillsensis
* Micranellum
** †Micranellum crebricinctum
* †Microcosmodon – or unidentified comparable form
* Microdipodops
* A modern Microgadus, or tomcod Microgadus – tentative report
* †Micropallus
** †Micropallus whitneyi
* †Microparamys
** †Microparamys minutus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Microparamys tricus – type locality for species
** †Microparamys woodi – type locality for species
* †Microsula
* †Microsyops
** †Microsyops annectens – or unidentified comparable form
** †Microsyops kratos – type locality for species
* †Microtomarctus
** †Microtomarctus conferta
* Microtus
** A living Microtus californicus, or California vole †Microtus californicus
** †Microtus meadensis
** †Microtus miguelensis – type locality for species
* Mictomys
** †Mictomys kansasensis
** †Mictomys vetus
* Miltha
** †Miltha meganosensis – type locality for species
** †Miltha packi
** †Miltha sanctaecrucis
** †Miltha xantusi
* †Mimomys
* †Mimotricentes
** †Mimotricentes tedfordi – type locality for species
* †Miochlorotettix – type locality for genus
** †Miochlorotettix gibroni – type locality for species
** †Miochlorotettix kirkbyi – type locality for species
* †Miocryptorhopalum – type locality for genus
** †Miocryptorhopalum kirkbyae – type locality for species
* †Miocyon
** †Miocyon scotti – or unidentified comparable form
* †Miodelphis – type locality for genus
** †Miodelphis californicus – type locality for species
* †Miogonates – type locality for genus
** †Miogonates subimpunctatus – type locality for species
* †Miohierax – type locality for genus
** †Miohierax stocki – type locality for species
* †Miohippus
** †Miohippus annectens
* †Miolabis
** †Miolabis californicus – type locality for species
** †Miolabis fricki – type locality for species
* Fossilized skull (top) and interpretive line drawing (middle) of the Miocene auk relative Miomancalla compared with the skull of a Holocene Pinguinus impennis, or great auk †Miomancalla
** †Miomancalla howardi – type locality for species
** †Miomancalla wetmorei – type locality for species
* †Miomesamia – type locality for genus
** †Miomesamia juliae – type locality for species
* †Miomonalonion – type locality for genus
** †Miomonalonion conoidifrons – type locality for species
* †Miomustela
* †Mionictis
** †Mionictis angustidens
* †Miospermophilus
** †Miospermophilus wyomingensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Miosula – type locality for genus
** †Miosula media – type locality for species
* †Miotapirus
* †Miotomodon
** †Miotomodon mayi – type locality for species
* †Miotroctes – type locality for genus
** †Miotroctes rousei – type locality for species
* †Miotylopus
** †Miotylopus gibbi
* Restoration of the Pliocene-Pleistocene Miracinonyx, or American cheetah †Miracinonyx
** †Miracinonyx studeri – tentative report
* Mirounga
** †Mirounga angustirostris – or unidentified comparable form
* Mitra
** †Mitra fultoni
** †Mitra idae
** †Mitra idea
** †Mitra simplicissima
* Mitrella
** †Mitrella carinata
** †Mitrella gausapata
** †Mitrella gouldi
** †Mitrella tuberosa
* †Mixocetus – type locality for genus
** †Mixocetus elysius – type locality for species
* Modiolatus
** †Modiolatus rectus
* Modiolus
** Exterior (left) and interior of the shell of a Modiolus capax, or fat horsemussel †Modiolus capax – or unidentified comparable form
** †Modiolus carpenteri
** †Modiolus multiradiatus
** †Modiolus ornatus
** †Modiolus veronensis
** †Modiolus ynezianus
* Modulus
** †Modulus unidens
* †Mojavemys
** †Mojavemys alexandrae – type locality for species
** †Mojavemys lophatus
** †Mojavemys wilsoni
* †Molopophorus
** †Molopophorus aequicostatus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Molopophorus antiquatus
** †Molopophorus biplicatus
** †Molopophorus californicus – type locality for species
** †Molopophorus dalli
** †Molopophorus tejonensis
* Moniliopsis
** †Moniliopsis incisa
* Shell in multiple views of a Monoplex triton sea snail Monoplex
** †Monoplex amictus
* †Monosaulax
** †Monosaulax pansus
* Montipora
* †Mookomys
** †Mookomys formicarum
** †Mookomys subtilis
* Mopalia
** †Mopalia acuta
** †Mopalia ciliata
** †Mopalia lignosa – or unidentified comparable form
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene chalicothere mammal Moropus †Moropus
* Morula
** †Morula lugubris
* Morus – or unidentified comparable form
* Morus
** †Morus humeralis – type locality for species
** †Morus lompocanus – type locality for species
** †Morus magnus – type locality for species
** †Morus recentior – type locality for species
** †Morus reyana – type locality for species
** †Morus reyma
** †Morus reyna
** †Morus vagabundus – type locality for species
* Mulinia
** †Mulinia pallida
* Murex – or unidentified related form
** †Murex mansfieldi – or unidentified related form
* Musculus
* Mustela
** †Mustela americana – type locality for species
** †Mustela frenata
* †Mya
** †Mya dickersoni
** †Mya fujiei
** †Mya truncata
* †Myadesma
** †Myadesma pacifica
* Myctophum
* Myliobatis
** †Myliobatis californicus
* Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus †Mylohyus
** †Mylohyus fossilis
* †Mylopharodon
** †Mylopharodon conocephalus
* Mysella
** †Mysella aleutica
* Mytilimeria
** Mytilimeria nuttalli
* Mytilus
** †Mytilus arnoldi
** Living Mytilus californianus, or california mussels †Mytilus californianus
** †Mytilus edulis
** †Mytilus expansus
** †Mytilus loeli
** †Mytilus mathewsoni
** †Mytilus mathewsonii
** †Mytilus middendorffi
* †Mytonolagus
* †Mytonomys
** †Mytonomys burkei – type locality for species
** †Mytonomys mytonensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Myurella
** †Myurella martini

## N

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Partial fossilized mandible of the Miocene-Pliocene horse Nannippus †Nannippus
* †Nannocetus – type locality for genus
** †Nannocetus eremus – type locality for species
* †Nannolithax – type locality for genus
** †Nannolithax gracilis – type locality for species
* †Nanotragulus
** †Nanotragulus ordinatus – tentative report
* Narona
** †Narona clavatula
* Nassa
** †Nassa cerritensis
** †Nassa delosi
** †Nassa fossata
** †Nassa mendica
** †Nassa perpinguis
** †Nassa tegula
* Nassarius
** †Nassarius californianus
** †Nassarius cerritensis
** A living Nassarius fossatus, or channeled basket snail †Nassarius fossatus
** †Nassarius grammatus
** †Nassarius hamlini
** †Nassarius inquus
** †Nassarius mendicus
** †Nassarius perpinguis
** †Nassarius stocki
** †Nassarius tegula
** †Nassarius whitneyi
* Natica
** †Natica lewisi – or unidentified related form
** †Natica recluziana
** †Natica uvasana
* Naticarius
** †Naticarius unifasciata
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Odocoileus lucasi, or American mountain deer †Navahoceros
* Nectandra
** †Nectandra presanguinea
* Negaprion
** †Negaprion antiquus
** †Negaprion elongata – or unidentified comparable form
* †Nekrolagus
* †Nelumbium
** †Nelumbium lacunosum – type locality for species
* Nemocardium
** †Nemocardium centifilosum
** †Nemocardium linteum
* †Neobernaya
** †Neobernaya fernandoensis
** †Neobernaya spadicea
* †Neoculicoides – type locality for genus
** †Neoculicoides jeanneae – type locality for species
* †Neogyps
** †Neogyps errans
* †Neohipparion
** †Neohipparion eurystyle
** †Neohipparion gidleyi – type locality for species
** †Neohipparion leptode
** †Neohipparion trampasense
* †Neoliotomus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Neolitsea
** †Neolitsea lata – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene aquatic mammal Neoparadoxia †Neoparadoxia – type locality for genus
** †Neoparadoxia cecilialina – type locality for species
** †Neoparadoxia repenningi – type locality for species
* Neophrontops
** †Neophrontops americanus
* †Neoplagiaulax
* Neotamias
** †Neotamias senex
* †Neotherium – type locality for genus
** †Neotherium mirum – type locality for species
* Neotoma
** †Neotoma cinerea – type locality for species
** †Neotoma fossilis
** †Neotoma fuscipes
** †Neotoma lepida
** †Neotoma quadriplicata
** †Neotoma sawrockensis
** †Neotoma taylori
* Neptunea
** †Neptunea andersoni
** †Neptunea eurekaensis
** †Neptunea lawsoni
** †Neptunea lirata
** †Neptunea mucronata
** †Neptunea pulchra
** †Neptunea scotiaensis
** †Neptunea tabiilata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Neptunea tabulata
* Nerita
** †Nerita beali – tentative report
* Living Neritina or nerite snails Neritina
** †Neritina picta
* †Nerium
** †Nerium hinoidea – type locality for species
* †Nerterogeomys
** †Nerterogeomys anzensis
** †Nerterogeomys garbanii
* Neverita
** †Neverita alta
** †Neverita callosa
** †Neverita globosa
** †Neverita reclusiana
** †Neverita reclusianus
** †Neverita recluziana
** †Neverita recluzianus
** †Neverita secta – or unidentified comparable form
** †Neverita thomsonae
* Nicrophorus
** †Nicrophorus guttula
** †Nicrophorus marginatus – type locality for species
** †Nicrophorus nigrita
* †Nimravides
** †Nimravides thinobates
* Illustration of the fossilized skull of the Oligocene false saber-toothed cat Nimravus †Nimravus
* Niso – tentative report
** †Niso antiselli
* †Nitzschia
** †Nitzschia reinholdi
** †Nitzschia romana
* Nodipecten
** †Nodipecten cerrosensis
** †Nodipecten estrellanus
** †Nodipecten subnodosus
* Nodogenerina
** †Nodogenerina adolphina
** †Nodogenerina advena
** †Nodogenerina sanctaecrucis
** †Nodogenerina wegemanni
* Nodosaria
** †Nodosaria holserica
** †Nodosaria longiscata
** †Nodosaria pyrula
* Nonion
** †Nonion incisum
* †Nonomys
** †Nonomys gutzleri – type locality for species
* Norrisia
** †Norrisia norrisii
* †Nothroptheriops
** †Nothroptheriops shastense – or unidentified comparable form
* Life restoration of the Pleistocene ground sloth Nothrotheriops †Nothrotheriops
** †Nothrotheriops texanus
* †Nothrotherium
** †Nothrotherium shastense – type locality for species
* Notiosorex
** †Notiosorex crawfordi
** †Notiosorex jacksoni
* Notoacmea
** †Notoacmea inessa
* Notorhynchus
* †Nototamias
* Nucella
** †Nucella elsmerensis
** †Nucella emarginata
** †Nucella lamellosa
** †Nucella lima
** †Nucella spirata
** †Nucella trancosana
* Nucula
** †Nucula exigua
** †Nucula gabbiana
** †Nucula washingtonensis
* Nuculana
** †Nuculana gabbi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Nuculana ochsneri
** †Nuculana ramonensis
* Numenius
** A living Numenius phaeopus, or whimbrel †Numenius phaeopus
* Nutricola
** †Nutricola cymata
** †Nutricola ovalis
** †Nutricola salmonea
** †Nutricola tantilla
* Nuttallia
** †Nuttallia nuttallii
* †Nyctitherium – or unidentified comparable form
* Nyctoporis
** †Nyctoporis carinata
* †Nyssa
** †Nyssa californica
** †Nyssa copeana

## O

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Ocajila – or unidentified comparable form
* Oceanodroma
** A living Oceanodroma furcata, or fork-tailed storm petrel †Oceanodroma furcata
** †Oceanodroma homochroa
** †Oceanodroma hubbsi – type locality for species
* †Ocenbra
** †Ocenbra topangensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Ocenebra
** †Ocenebra barbarensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Ocenebra circumtexta
** †Ocenebra foveolata
** †Ocenebra interfossa
** †Ocenebra lurida
** †Ocenebra poulsoni
** †Ocenebra tenuisculpta
** †Ocenebra topangensis
* Ocotea
** †Ocotea ovoidea
** †Ocotea perseaformis
* †Ocystias
** †Ocystias sagitta
* †Odaxosaurus
* Odobenus
** A living Odobenus rosmarus, or walrus †Odobenus rosmarus
* Odocoileus
** †Odocoileus hemionus
** †Odocoileus virginianus – or unidentified comparable form
* Odontaspis
** †Odontaspis ferox
* †Odontogryphaea – tentative report
** †Odontogryphaea haleyi
* Odostomia
** †Odostomia avellana
** †Odostomia beringi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Odostomia californica – or unidentified comparable form
** †Odostomia callimene – or unidentified related form
** †Odostomia columbiana – or unidentified comparable form
** †Odostomia diaboli
** Illustration of the shell of an Odostomia donilla pyram shell sea snail †Odostomia donilla
** †Odostomia eugena
** †Odostomia farallonensis
** †Odostomia fetella
** †Odostomia gravida
** †Odostomia helena
** †Odostomia minutissima – or unidentified comparable form
** †Odostomia nemo
** †Odostomia nota
** †Odostomia stephensae
** †Odostomia tacomoensis
** †Odostomia tenuisculpta – or unidentified comparable form
* †Oedolithax – type locality for genus
** †Oedolithax mira – type locality for species
* Oenopota
** †Oenopota fidicula
** Illustration of the shell of an Oenopota tabulata sea snail †Oenopota tabulata
* Ogmodontomys
** †Ogmodontomys sawrockensis
* †Olequahia
** †Olequahia domenginica
** †Olequahia lorenzana
* †Oligoryctes
* Oliva
** †Oliva californica
** †Oliva meganosensis – type locality for species
** †Oliva spicata
* Olivella
** †Olivella baetica
** †Olivella biplicata
** †Olivella gracilis
** †Olivella mathewsoni
** †Olivella mathewsonii
** †Olivella pedroana
** †Olivella santana – type locality for species
* †Omomys
** †Omomys carteri – or unidentified comparable form
* Oncorhynchus
** Life restoration of a school of the Miocene-Pleistocene Oncorhynchus rastrosus, or saber-toothed salmon †Oncorhynchus rastrosus
* Ondatra
** †Ondatra idahoensis
** †Ondatra minor
* Oneirodes
* Onthophagus
** †Onthophagus everestae – type locality for species
* Onychomys
** †Onychomys gidleyi
** †Onychomys torridus
* Ophiodermella
** †Ophiodermella graciosana
** †Ophiodermella inermis
* †Ophiomys
** †Ophiomys parvus
* †Opisima – tentative report
** †Opisima pacifica – or unidentified comparable form
* †Opisthonema
** †Opisthonema palosverdensis – type locality for species
* Oreamnos
** †Oreamnos americanus
* Oreortyx
** †Oreortyx picta
* Orthemis
** †Orthemis ferruginea
* Orthodon
* †Osbornodon
** †Osbornodon fricki
* Life restoration of the Miocene pseudo-toothed bird Osteodontornis †Osteodontornis – type locality for genus
** †Osteodontornis orri – type locality for species
* Ostrea
** †Ostrea angelica
** †Ostrea atwoodii
** †Ostrea bourgeosi
** †Ostrea conchaphila
** †Ostrea hertleini
** †Ostrea lincolnensis – or unidentified related form
** †Ostrea lurida
** †Ostrea subtitan
** †Ostrea weaveri
* Fossilized teeth of the Paleocene–Miocene shark Otodus †Otodus
** †Otodus angustidens
** †Otodus megalodon
* †Ottoceros
** †Ottoceros peacevalleyensis – type locality for species
* Otus
** †Otus asio
* †Ourayia
* Ovibos
** †Ovibos moschatus
* Ovis
** †Ovis canadensis
* †Oxyrhina
** †Oxyrhina crassa
* †Oxyura
** A living Oxyura jamaicensis, or ruddy duck †Oxyura jamaicensis
* †Ozymandias – type locality for genus
** †Ozymandias gilberti – type locality for species

## P

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Pachycrommium
** †Pachycrommium clarki
* †Paciculus
* †Pacifichelys
** †Pacifichelys hutchisoni – type locality for species
* †Pacipecten
** †Pacipecten discus
** †Pacipecten pabloensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Palaeolagus
* †Palaeolama
** †Palaeolama mirifica – or unidentified related form
* †Palaeopsammia
** †Palaeopsammia zitteli
* †Palaeoxantusia
** †Palaeoxantusia allisoni
** †Palaeoxantusia kyrentos
* Restoration of the Miocene aquatic mammal Paleoparadoxia †Paleoparadoxia
** †Paleoparadoxia tabatai
* †Paleosula – type locality for genus
** †Paleosula stocktoni – type locality for species
* Palpomyia – type locality for genus
** †Palpomyia freyi – type locality for species
** †Palpomyia multispinosa – type locality for species
** †Palpomyia ryshkoffi – type locality for species
** †Palpomyia shilo – type locality for species
* Pandora
** †Pandora punctata
** †Pandora wardiana
* †Panolax
** †Panolax sanctaefidei
* Panomya
** †Panomya ampla
* Panopea
** †Panopea abrupta
** †Panopea estrellana – or unidentified related form
** †Panopea ramonensis
** †Panopea smithii
** †Panopea tenuis
* Panthera
** A living Panthera leo, or lion †Panthera leo
** †Panthera onca – or unidentified comparable form
* †Parabalaenoptera – type locality for genus
** †Parabalaenoptera baulinensis – type locality for species
* Paraconcavus
** †Paraconcavus margaritanus
** †Paraconcavus pacificus
* †Paracontogenys
** †Paracontogenys estesi
* †Paracosoryx
** †Paracosoryx alticornis
** †Paracosoryx furlongi
* †Paraculicoides – type locality for genus
** †Paraculicoides rouseae – type locality for species
* Paracyathus
** †Paracyathus pedroensis – type locality for species
** †Paracyathus stearnsii
* †Paracynarctus
** †Paracynarctus kelloggi
* †Paradjidaumo
** †Paradjidaumo reynoldsi – type locality for species
* †Paradomnina
** †Paradomnina relictus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Parafundulus
** †Parafundulus erdisi
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene horse Parahippus †Parahippus
** †Parahippus maxsoni – type locality for species
** †Parahippus pawniensis
* †Parahyus
* †Paralichthyes
* Paralichthys – type locality for genus
** †Paralichthys antiquus
* †Paramerychyus
** †Paramerychyus harrisonensis
** †Paramerychyus relictus
* †Paramiolabis
** †Paramiolabis minutus – type locality for species
** †Paramiolabis singularis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Paramiolabis taylori
** †Paramiolabis tenuis
* Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Paramylodon †Paramylodon
** †Paramylodon harlani
* †Paramys
** †Paramys compressidens – or unidentified comparable form
** †Paramys leptodus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Parapavo
** †Parapavo californica
** †Parapavo californicus
* †Parapliohippus
** †Parapliohippus carrizoensis – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene dolphin Parapontoporia (top) †Parapontoporia
** †Parapontoporia sternbergi – type locality for species
** †Parapontoporia wilsoni – type locality for species
* †Parasauromalus
** †Parasauromalus olseni
* Paraseraphs
** †Paraseraphs erraticus
* †Parastylotermes
** †Parastylotermes calico – type locality for species
** †Parastylotermes frazieri – type locality for species
* †Paratomarctus
** †Paratomarctus temerarius
* †Pareumys
** †Pareumys grangeri
** †Pareumys milleri
* Life restoration of the Miocene baleen whale Parietobalaena and calf †Parietobalaena
** †Parietobalaena securis – type locality for species
* †Paromomys
** †Paromomys depressidens
* †Paronychomys
* †Parribacus
** †Parribacus caesius – type locality for species
* Parvamussium
* †Parvicornus – type locality for genus
** †Parvicornus occidentalis – type locality for species
* Parvilucina
** †Parvilucina approximata
** †Parvilucina tenuisculpta
* †Parvisipho – tentative report
** †Parvisipho meganosensis – type locality for species
* Shell of a Patelloida limpet Patelloida
** †Patelloida tejonensis
** †Patelloida triquetrus
* Patinopecten
** †Patinopecten caurinus
** †Patinopecten coosensis
** †Patinopecten healeyi
** †Patinopecten healyi
** †Patinopecten lohri
** †Patinopecten propatulus
* †Patriolestes
** †Patriolestes novaceki – type locality for species
* †Pauromys
** †Pauromys lillegraveni – type locality for species
* †Pecoripeda
* Pecten Pecten
** †Pecten bellus
** †Pecten bowersi
** †Pecten dickersoni
** †Pecten estrellanis
** †Pecten magnolia
** †Pecten nevadensis
** †Pecten perrini
** †Pecten sespeensis
* †Pedalion
** †Pedalion panzana – or unidentified comparable form
* †Pediomeryx
** †Pediomeryx hemphillensis
* †Pedipes
** †Pedipes liratus
** †Pedipes unisulcatus
* †Pelagiarctos – type locality for genus
** †Pelagiarctos thomasi – type locality for species
* Reconstructive illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene-Pleistocene pseudo-toothed bird Pelagornis, with close-up insets of its pseudo-teeth †Pelagornis
* Pelecanus
** †Pelecanus erythrorhynchus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pelecanus occidentalis
* †Peltosaurus
** †Peltosaurus macrodon – type locality for species
* Penitella
** †Penitella penita
* †Peraceras
** †Peraceras superciliosum
* †Peradectes
** †Peradectes californicus
* †Periaster
* Pericosmus
* †Peridiomys
** †Peridiomys oregonensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Interior of the shell of a Periglypta venus clam Periglypta
** †Periglypta multicostata
* Periploma
** †Periploma planiuscula
** †Periploma stewartvillensis – type locality for species
* †Peripolocetus – type locality for genus
** †Peripolocetus vexillifer – type locality for species
* †Perissitys
** †Perissitys stewarti
* †Perissolax
** †Perissolax blakei
** †Perissolax tricarinatus
* †Perognathoides
** †Perognathoides eurekensis
* A living Perognathus pocket mouse Perognathus
** †Perognathus furlongi
** †Perognathus minutus
* Peromyscus
** †Peromyscus baumgartneri
** †Peromyscus boylei
** †Peromyscus complexus – type locality for species
** †Peromyscus dentalis
** †Peromyscus hagermanensis
** †Peromyscus irvingtonensis – type locality for species
** †Peromyscus maximus – type locality for species
** †Peromyscus truei – or unidentified comparable form
* †Perse
** †Perse lincolnensis
* Persea
** †Persea coalingensis
** †Persea praelingue
** †Persea pseudocarolinensis
* Fossilized shell of the Oligocene-modern conch sea snail Persististrombus Persististrombus
** †Persististrombus obliteratus – type locality for species
* †Petauristodon
** †Petauristodon jamesi
** †Petauristodon mathewsi
** †Petauristodon minimus
** †Petauristodon uphami
* Petricola
** †Petricola carditoides
** †Petricola cognata
** †Petricola denticulata
** †Petricola parallela
* Petrophyllia
** †Petrophyllia clarki
** †Petrophyllia weaveri
* †Pewelagus
** †Pewelagus dawsonae
* Phacoides
** †Phacoides actulineatus
** †Phacoides sactaecrucis – tentative report
* Phalacrocorax
** A living Phalacrocorax auritus, or double-crested cormorant †Phalacrocorax auritus
** †Phalacrocorax femoralis – type locality for species
** †Phalacrocorax kennelli – type locality for species
** †Phalacrocorax pelagicus
** †Phalacrocorax penicillatus
** †Phalacrocorax penincillatus
** †Phalacrocorax penincullatus
** †Phalacrocorax rogersi – type locality for species
* Phalaropus
** †Phalaropus fulicaria
** †Phalaropus lobatus
* †Phanaeus
** †Phanaeus labreae – type locality for species
* †Phelosaccomys
** †Phelosaccomys shotwelli – type locality for species
* †Phenacolemur
** †Phenacolemur shifrae
* Illustration of a fossilized skull in multiple views of the Oligocene-Miocene bone-crushing dog Phlaocyon †Phlaocyon
** †Phlaocyon taylori
* †Phlepsius
** †Phlepsius weissmanae – type locality for species
* Phloeodes
** †Phloeodes diabolicus
** †Phloeodes plicatus
* †Phoberogale
** †Phoberogale shareri – type locality for species
* Phoca
** †Phoca vitulina – or unidentified comparable form
* Phocoena – or unidentified comparable form
* †Phoebastria
** †Phoebastria albatrus – type locality for species
** †Phoebastria anglica – type locality for species
* Two Phoenicopterus, or flamingos Phoenicopterus – or unidentified comparable form
* Pholadidea
* Pholadomya
** †Pholadomya mounti
** †Pholadomya nasuta
* Pholas
** †Pholas gabbi
* Phos
** †Phos blakianus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Phos dumbleanus
* †Photinia
** †Photinia miocenica
* A living Phrynosoma, or horned lizard Phrynosoma
* †Phyllites
** †Phyllites californica
** †Phyllites coalingensis
** †Phyllites cordiaefolia – type locality for species
** †Phyllites daturaefolia – type locality for species
** †Phyllites domenginensis
** †Phyllites ellipticus
** †Phyllites laurinea
** †Phyllites temblorensis
* Phyllonotus
** †Phyllonotus hippocastanum
** †Phyllonotus radix
* A live individual of Physa marmorata Physa
* †Physiculua
* Phytocrene
** †Phytocrene sordida
* Picea
** †Picea lahontense
** †Picea magna
** †Picea sonomensis
* †Pimelometopodon
** †Pimelometopodon pulchrum – or unidentified comparable form
* Pimelometopon
** †Pimelometopon pulchrum
* Pinna
** †Pinna alamedaensis
** †Pinna latrania – type locality for species
** †Pinna lewisi
** †Pinna llajasensis – type locality for species
** †Pinna mendenhalli – type locality for species
* †Pinnarctidion – type locality for genus
** †Pinnarctidion bishopi – type locality for species
* Pinus
** †Pinus carmelensis – type locality for species
** †Pinus muricata
** †Pinus prelambertiana – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pinus radiata
** †Pinus sturgisii
** †Pinus temblorensis
* Piranga
** †Piranga ludoviciana
* †Piscolithax
* Shell of a Pitar venus clam Pitar
** †Pitar avenalensis – tentative report
** †Pitar behri
** †Pitar california – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pitar californiana
** †Pitar campi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pitar dalli
** †Pitar joaquinensis
** †Pitar newcombianus
** †Pitar quadratus
** †Pitar stantoni – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pitar tejonensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pitar uvasana
** †Pitar uvasanus
* †Pithanodelphis
* †Pithanotaria – type locality for genus
** †Pithanotaria starri – type locality for species
* Pituophis
** A living Pituophis melanoleucus, or pine snake †Pituophis melanoleucus
* Pitymys
** †Pitymys mcnowni – or unidentified comparable form
* Placunanomia
** †Placunanomia granti
* Planularia
** †Planularia caribbeana
* †Platanophyllum
** †Platanophyllum angustiloba
** †Platanophyllum whitenyi
** †Platanophyllum whitneyi
* Platanus
** †Platanus angustilobus – type locality for species
** †Platanus appendiculata
** †Platanus coloradensis
** †Platanus dissecta – or unidentified comparable form
** †Platanus paucidentata
* Restoration of a herd of alarmed Miocene-Pleistocene peccaries of the genus Platygonus. Charles R. Knight (1922). †Platygonus
** †Platygonus bicalcaratus
** †Platygonus vetus
* †Platylithax – type locality for genus
** †Platylithax robusta – type locality for species
* Platynus
** †Platynus funebris – or unidentified comparable form
* Platyodon
** †Platyodon cancellata
** †Platyodon cancellatus
* †Platyoptera
** †Platyoptera pacifica
* Platytrochus
** †Platytrochus diabloensis – type locality for species
** †Platytrochus merriami – type locality for species
* †Plectina
** †Plectina garzaensis
** †Plectina ruthenica – or unidentified comparable form
* Plectofrondicularia
** †Plectofrondicularia kerni
** †Plectofrondicularia miocenica
** †Plectofrondicularia packardi
** †Plectofrondicularia trinitatensis
** †Plectofrondicularia vaughani
* †Plectrites
** †Plectrites classeni
* Plegadis
** †Plegadis chihi
* †Pleiolama
** †Pleiolama vera
* Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene primate Plesiadapis †Plesiadapis
** †Plesiadapis anceps – or unidentified comparable form
** †Plesiadapis churchilli – or unidentified comparable form
* †Plesiogulo
** †Plesiogulo lindsayi
** †Plesiogulo marshalli
* Pleurofusia
** †Pleurofusia fresnoensis
** †Pleurofusia lindavistaensis – or unidentified related form
* †Pleuroncodes
* †Pleuronichthys
** †Pleuronichthys veliger
* †Pliauchenia
** †Pliauchenia magnifontis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Plioceros
* †Pliocyon
** †Pliocyon medius
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene horse Pliohippus †Pliohippus
** †Pliohippus coalingensis – type locality for species
** †Pliohippus fairbanksi – type locality for species
** †Pliohippus spectans – tentative report
* †Pliometanastes
** †Pliometanastes protistus
* †Plionarctos
** †Plionarctos edensis – type locality for species
* †Plionictis
** †Plionictis ogygia – or unidentified comparable form
* Life restoration of the Miocene walrus Pliopedia †Pliopedia – type locality for genus
** †Pliopedia pacifica – type locality for species
* †Pliotaxidea
** †Pliotaxidea garberi – type locality for species
* †Pliotomodon
** †Pliotomodon primitivus – type locality for species
* †Plithocyon
** †Plithocyon barstowensis
* †Plotopterum – type locality for genus
** †Plotopterum joaquinensis – type locality for species
* Pluvialis
** †Pluvialis squatarola
* Pneumatophorus
** †Pneumatophorus grex – or unidentified comparable form
* †Poabromylus – tentative report
** †Poabromylus robustus
* Living Pocillopora, or cauliflower coral Pocillopora
* Podiceps
** †Podiceps arndti
** †Podiceps auritus
** †Podiceps discors
** †Podiceps nigricolis
** †Podiceps parvus
** †Podiceps subparvus
* Podilymbus
** †Podilymbus podiceps
* Pododesmus
** †Pododesmus macrochisma
* †Poebrodon
** †Poebrodon californicus – type locality for species
* Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene false faber-toothed cat Pogonodon †Pogonodon
** †Pogonodon brachyops
* Polinices
** †Polinices – type locality for species informal
** †Polinices draconis
** †Polinices horni – or unidentified comparable form
** †Polinices hornii
** †Polinices lewisii
** †Polinices pinyonensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Polinices recluzianys
** †Polinices rectus – or unidentified related form
** †Polinices susanaensis
** †Polinices uber
** †Polinices washingtonensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Polydora
* Exterior of the shell of a Polymesoda basket clam Polymesoda
** †Polymesoda tenuis – or unidentified comparable form
* Polystira
** †Polystira barretti
* †Pongamia
** †Pongamia ovata – type locality for species
* †Pontolis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pontolis magnus
* Populus
** †Populus alexanderii
** †Populus bonhamii
** †Populus coalingensis
** †Populus garberii
* Porichthys
** †Porichthys myriaster
** A modern Porichthys notatus, or plainfin midshipman †Porichthys notatus
* Porites
** †Porites carrizensis – type locality for species
* †Portunites
** †Portunites insculpta
* †Potamides
** †Potamides carbonica – or unidentified comparable form
** †Potamides sespeensis
* †Praemancalla – type locality for genus
** †Praemancalla lagunensis – type locality for species
* †Presbychen – type locality for genus
** †Presbychen abavus – type locality for species
* †Presbymys
** †Presbymys lophatus – type locality for species
* Priene
** †Priene amoldi
** †Priene oregonensis
** †Priene scotiaensis
* Prionace
** A living Prionace glauca, or blue shark †Prionace glauca
* †Priscoficus
** †Priscoficus caudata
* †Priscofusus
** †Priscofusus carlsoni – tentative report
** †Priscofusus hecoxi
** †Priscofusus lincolnensis
** †Priscofusus robustus
* †Pristichampsus
* Pristiophorus
* †Pristophorus
* †Proboscipeda
* †Procamelus
** †Procamelus grandis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Procymophyes – type locality for genus
** †Procymophyes lithax – type locality for species
* †Procynodictis
** †Procynodictis progressus
* Procyon
** †Procyon lotor
** †Procyon psora
* †Prodipodomys
** †Prodipodomys idahoensis
** †Prodipodomys riversidensis – type locality for species
** †Prodipodomys timoteoensis – type locality for species
* †Prodipoides
** †Prodipoides lecontei – type locality for species
* Progabbia
* †Proharrymys – or unidentified comparable form
* †Proheteromys
** †Proheteromys maximus
** †Proheteromys sulculus
* †Promartes
* †Pronotolagus
** †Pronotolagus apachensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Protadjidaumo
* †Protanthias – type locality for genus
** †Protanthias fossilis – type locality for species
* †Protepicyon
** †Protepicyon raki – type locality for species
* †Proterixoides
** †Proterixoides davisi – type locality for species
* †Prothomomys
** †Prothomomys warrenensis – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Eocene brontothere mammal Protitanops †Protitanops
** †Protitanops curryi – type locality for species
* †Protoarrenurus
** †Protoarrenurus convergens – type locality for species
* †Protochlorotettix – type locality for genus
** †Protochlorotettix calico – type locality for species
* †Protohepialus – type locality for genus
** †Protohepialus comstocki – type locality for species
* †Protolabis
** †Protolabis barstowensis – type locality for species
* †Protomarctus
** †Protomarctus optatus
* †Protoreodon
** †Protoreodon pacificus – type locality for species
** †Protoreodon parvus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Protoreodon pumilus
** †Protoreodon transmontanus
** †Protoreodon walshi
* †Protosciurus
** †Protosciurus tecuyensis
* †Protosegestes – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
** †Protosegestes lloydi – type locality for species
* †Protospermophilus
** †Protospermophilus quatalensis – type locality for species
* †Protostrix
** †Protostrix californiensis – type locality for species
* †Protosurcula – tentative report
* Protothaca
** †Protothaca staleyi
* †Protothore – type locality for genus
** †Protothore explicata – type locality for species
* Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Eocene camel Protylopus †Protylopus
** †Protylopus pearsonensis – type locality for species
** †Protylopus petersoni – or unidentified comparable form
** †Protylopus robustus – type locality for species
** †Protylopus stocki – type locality for species
* Proximitra – tentative report
** †Proximitra cretacea
* Prunus
** †Prunus turlockensis
* Psammacoma
** †Psammacoma acolasta
** †Psammacoma arctata
** †Psammacoma yoldiformis
* Psammotreta
** †Psammotreta dombei
** †Psammotreta obesa
** †Psammotreta rostellata
** †Psammotreta viridotincta
* Hypothetical restoration of the Oligocene-Pliocene sea turtle Psephophorus †Psephophorus
** †Psephophorus calvertensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Pseudaelurus
** †Pseudaelurus intrepidus
** †Pseudaelurus marshi
* †Pseudoblastomeryx
** †Pseudoblastomeryx advena
* Pseudochama
** †Pseudochama exogyra
* †Pseudoglandulina
** †Pseudoglandulina conica
** †Pseudoglandulina ovata
** †Pseudoglandulina turbinata
* Pseudoliva
** †Pseudoliva dilleri
** †Pseudoliva inornata – or unidentified comparable form
* A living Pseudomelatoma sea snail Pseudomelatoma
** †Pseudomelatoma penicillata
* †Pseudoparablastomeryx
** †Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti – or unidentified comparable form
* †Pseudoparella
* †Pseudoperrisolax
** †Pseudoperrisolax blakei
* †Pseudoseriola – type locality for genus
** †Pseudoseriola gillilandi – type locality for species
* †Pseudotheridomys
** †Pseudotheridomys cuyamensis – type locality for species
* †Pseudotomus
** †Pseudotomus californicus
** †Pseudotomus littoralis – type locality for species
* Living Pseudotsuga, or Douglas firs †Pseudotsuga
** †Pseudotsuga sonomensis
* Pteria
** †Pteria berryi
** †Pteria hertleini
** †Pteria pellucida
* †Pteroplatea
** †Pteroplatea lapislutosa – type locality for species
* Pteropurpura
** †Pteropurpura festiva
** †Pteropurpura trialatus
* Pterostichus
* Pterynotus
** †Pterynotus petri
** †Pterynotus washingtonicus
* Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Paleocene multituberculate mammal Ptilodus †Ptilodus
* Ptinus
** †Ptinus priminidi – type locality for species
* Ptychoramphus
** †Ptychoramphus aleuticus
* Puffinus
** †Puffinus barnesi – type locality for species
** †Puffinus calhouni – type locality for species
** †Puffinus diatomicus – type locality for species
** †Puffinus felthami – type locality for species
** †Puffinus gilmorei – type locality for species
** †Puffinus gresus
** †Puffinus grisesus
** †Puffinus griseus
** †Puffinus inceptor – type locality for species
** †Puffinus kanakoffi
** †Puffinus mitchelli – type locality for species
** †Puffinus opisthomelas
** †Puffinus priscus – type locality for species
** †Puffinus tenuirostris
* Pullenia
** †Pullenia eocenica
** †Pullenia quinqueloba
* A living Puma †Puma
** †Puma concolor – type locality for species
* Puncturella
** †Puncturella galeata
** †Puncturella multistriata
* Pupillaria
** †Pupillaria optabilis
** †Pupillaria pupilla
* Purpura
** †Purpura barbarensis
** †Purpura festiva
** †Purpura lima
** †Purpura lurida
** †Purpura milicentana – type locality for species
** †Purpura nuttallii
** †Purpura poulsoni
** †Purpura topangensis
* Shell of a Pusula false cowrie sea snail Pusula
** †Pusula californiana
** †Pusula solandri
* Pycnodonte
** †Pycnodonte eldridgei
** †Pycnodonte heermanni
** †Pycnodonte pacifica – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pycnodonte stewarti – or unidentified related form
* Pyramidella
** †Pyramidella adamsi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pyramidella mucronis
** †Pyramidella preblei
* Pyrene
** †Pyrene carinata

## Q

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Quercophyllum
** †Quercophyllum platanoides – type locality for species
* A living Quercus, or oak tree Quercus
** †Quercus acorns
** †Quercus coalingensis
** †Quercus dispersa
** †Quercus distincta
** †Quercus domenginensis
** †Quercus douglasoides
** †Quercus eoxalapensis – type locality for species
** †Quercus hannibali
** †Quercus hannibalii
** †Quercus lakevillensis
** †Quercus merriami
** †Quercus nevadensis
** †Quercus pasadorii – type locality for species
** †Quercus pliopalmerii
** †Quercus pollardiana
** †Quercus pseudolyrata
** †Quercus remingtonii
** †Quercus sayana
** †Quercus simulata
** †Quercus temblorensis
** †Quercus wislizenoides

## R

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Raja
* †Rakomeryx
** †Rakomeryx sinclairi – type locality for species
* Rallus
** †Rallus limicola
* Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene pronghorn Ramoceros and Cosoryx. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Ramoceros
** †Ramoceros brevicornis – type locality for species
* †Rana
* †Ranellina
** †Ranellina pilsbry – or unidentified related form
* Raninoides
** †Raninoides slaki – type locality for species
* †Rapamys
** †Rapamys fricki – type locality for species
* Rapana
** †Rapana vaquerosensis
* †Rectoguembelina
** †Rectoguembelina trinitatensis – or unidentified comparable form
* A living Recurvirostra, or avocet Recurvirostra
* Reithrodontomys
* †Reithroparamys – or unidentified comparable form
* Reophax
** †Reophax pilulifer – or unidentified comparable form
* †Repomys
** †Repomys gustelyi – type locality for species
** †Repomys maxumi – type locality for species
* Reticulitermes
** †Reticulitermes laurae – type locality for species
** †Reticulitermes tibalis
* Reticutriton
** †Reticutriton elsmerensis
* †Retipirula
** †Retipirula crassitesta
* A living Retusa barrel bubble sea snail Retusa
** †Retusa carinata
** †Retusa culcitella
** †Retusa harpa
** †Retusa tantilla
* †Reynoldsomys
** †Reynoldsomys timoteoensis – type locality for species
* †Rhabdammina
** †Rhabdammina eocenica
* †Rhamnidium
** †Rhamnidium chaneyi
* †Rhamnus
** †Rhamnus calyptus
** †Rhamnus moragensis
** †Rhamnus plenus
** †Rhamnus precalifornica
* †Rhomarchus – type locality for genus
** †Rhomarchus ensiger – type locality for species
* †Rhomurus
** †Rhomurus fulcratus
* Rhus
** †Rhus diablana
** †Rhus mixta
* Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene elephant relative Rhynchotherium †Rhynchotherium
** †Rhynchotherium falconeri
* †Rhynconella – tentative report
* †Rhyssomatus
** †Rhyssomatus miocenae – type locality for species
* †Rhythmias
** †Rhythmias gaviotae – type locality for species
** †Rhythmias slarri
* Rimella
** †Rimella macilentus
** †Rimella supraplicata
** †Rimella supraplicatus
* Rissa
** †Rissa estesi – type locality for species
** †Rissa tridactyla
* Rissoina
** †Rissoina pleistocena
* Flowers of a living Robinia †Robinia
** †Robinia californica
* Robulus
** †Robulus alatolimbatus
** †Robulus arcuatostriatus
** †Robulus clericii
** †Robulus clypeiformis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Robulus inornatus
** †Robulus insuetus
** †Robulus kincaidi
** †Robulus mayi
** †Robulus mexicanus
** †Robulus nikobarensis
** †Robulus propinquus
** †Robulus simplex
** †Robulus terryi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Robulus warmani
** †Robulus welchi
* †Rogenio
** †Rogenio bowersi
** †Rogenio solitudinis
** †Rogenio vanclevei – type locality for species
* †Rotularia
** †Rotularia tejonense
* †Russellagus

## S

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Living Sabal, or palmettos Sabal
** †Sabal miocenica
* †Sabalites
** †Sabalites californicus
* Saccella
** †Saccella alaeformis
** †Saccella gabbi
** †Saccella taphria
* Sagmatias
* †Sainguinolaria
** †Sainguinolaria toulai – or unidentified comparable form
* Salix
** †Salix boisiensis
** †Salix edenensis
** †Salix hesperia
** †Salix ionensis
** †Salix laevigatoides
** †Salix pelviga
** †Salix storeyana
** †Salix wildcatensis
* †Salumiphocaena
** †Salumiphocaena stocktoni – type locality for species
* Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene monitor lizard Saniwa †Saniwa
** †Saniwa ensidens – type locality for species
* †Sapindus
** †Sapindus oklahomensis
* Saracenaria – tentative report
** †Saracenaria acutiauricularis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Sarda
** †Sarda stockii – type locality for species
* Sassia
** †Sassia bilineata
* Saxidomus
** †Saxidomus gigantea
** †Saxidomus giganteus
** †Saxidomus nuttalli
** †Saxidomus vaquerosensis
* †Saxolucina
* Fossilized teeth of the Neogene sperm whale Scaldicetus †Scaldicetus
** †Scaldicetus grandis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Scalopoides
* Scapanus
** †Scapanus latimanus
** †Scapanus malatinus
** †Scapanus shultzi – type locality for species
* Scaphander
** †Scaphander costatus
** †Scaphander jugularis
* Scapharca
** †Scapharca obispoana
* Scaphinotus
** †Scaphinotus interruptus
* Fossilized jaw and teeth of the Miocene horse Scaphohippus †Scaphohippus
** †Scaphohippus intermontanus – type locality for species
** †Scaphohippus sumani – type locality for species
* Sceloporus
** †Sceloporus occidentalis
* †Scenopagus
** †Scenopagus curtidens
** †Scenopagus priscus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Schaubeumys
* †Schedocardia – tentative report
* †Schistomerus – type locality for genus
** †Schistomerus californense – type locality for species
* Schizaster
** †Schizaster diabloensis
** †Schizaster lecontei
** †Schizaster martinezensis
* †Schizodontomys
* †Sciuravus
** †Sciuravus powayensis
* Sciurus
* Scomber
** †Scomber sanctaemonicae
* †Scomberesox
** †Scomberesox acutillus – type locality for species
** †Scomberesox edwardsi – type locality for species
* Illustration of a living Scopelogadus ridgehead Scopelogadus
** †Scopelogadus mizolepis
* †Scutella
** †Scutella fairbanksi
** †Scutella fairbanski
** †Scutella merriami
** †Scutella norrisi
** †Scutella vaquerosensis
* †Scutellaster
* Group of living Scyliorhinus catsharks Scyliorhinus
* †Scymnorhinus
** †Scymnorhinus occidentalis
* Searlesia
** †Searlesia dira
* †Sebastavus – type locality for genus
** †Sebastavus vertebralis – type locality for species
* †Sebastodes
** †Sebastodes apostates
** †Sebastodes haroldi – type locality for species
** †Sebastodes ineziae
** †Sebastodes porteousi
** †Sebastodes porteus
** †Sebastodes rosae
* Seila
** †Seila montereyensis
* Semelangulus
** †Semelangulus tenuilirata
* Semele – tentative report
* Semele
** †Semele decisa
** †Semele diabloi
** †Semele morani
** †Semele packardi
** †Semele pulchra
** †Semele rubropicta
** †Semele venusta
* Semicassis
** †Semicassis louella – type locality for species
** †Semicassis tuberculiformis
* Semicossyphus
* †Semirostrum – type locality for genus
** †Semirostrum ceruttii – type locality for species
* Septifer
** †Septifer bifurcatus
* A living Sequoiadendron †Sequoiadendron
** †Sequoiadendron chaneyi
* †Serbelodon
** †Serbelodon burnhami
* Serica
** †Serica kanakoffi – type locality for species
* Seriola
** †Seriola sanctaebarbarae
* Seriphus
** †Seriphus politus
* Serpula
** †Serpula coreyi
* Serpulorbis
** †Serpulorbis llajasensis
* †Sespedectes
** †Sespedectes singularis – type locality for species
** †Sespedectes stocki
* †Sespemys
** †Sespemys thurstoni – type locality for species
* Life restoration of two species of the Oligocene oreodont mammal genus Sespia †Sespia
** †Sespia californica – type locality for species
** †Sespia nitida
* Siderastrea
** †Siderastrea clarki – type locality for species
** †Siderastrea mendenhalli – type locality for species
* Sigmodon
** †Sigmodon lindsayi
** †Sigmodon minor
* Sigmoilina – tentative report
* Siliqua
** †Siliqua lucida
** †Siliqua media – or unidentified comparable form
** †Siliqua patula – or unidentified related form
* †Simiacritomys
** †Simiacritomys whistleri – type locality for species
* †Simidectes
** †Simidectes medius – or unidentified comparable form
** †Simidectes merriami – type locality for species
* †Simimeryx
** †Simimeryx hudsoni – type locality for species
* †Simimys
** †Simimys landeri – type locality for species
** †Simimys simplex
* Simomactra
** †Simomactra dolabriformis
** †Simomactra falcata
** †Simomactra planulata
* †Sinomactra
** †Sinomactra falcata
* Several views of the shell of a Sinum moon snail Sinum
** †Sinum debile – or unidentified comparable form
** †Sinum obliquum
** †Sinum scopulosum
* Siphonalia
** †Siphonalia andersoni
** †Siphonalia lineata
** †Siphonalia merriami
** †Siphonalia sutterensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Skenea
** †Skenea californica
* †Smilax
** †Smilax diforma
** †Smilax labidurommae
** †Smilax magna – or unidentified comparable form
** †Smilax remingtonii
* Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon †Smilodon
** †Smilodon fatalis
** †Smilodon gracilis
* †Smilodonichthyes
** †Smilodonichthyes rastrosus
* †Smilodonichthys
* †Smilodonicthyes
** †Smilodonicthyes rastrosus
* †Smithites – type locality for genus
** †Smithites elegans – type locality for species
* Solariella
** †Solariella hartleyensis – type locality for species
** †Solariella peramabilis
** †Solariella walkeri – type locality for species
* Modern specimen of the marine bivalve Solemya Solemya
** †Solemya ventricosa
* Solen
** †Solen curtis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Solen rosaceus
** †Solen sicarius
* Solena
** †Solena conradi
** †Solena gravidus
** †Solena lorenzana
** †Solena parallelus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Solena perrini
** †Solena stantoni
** †Solena subverticala
* Solenastrea
** †Solenastrea fairbanksi
* Solenosteira
** †Solenosteira anomala
* A living Sorex, or long-tailed shrew Sorex
** †Sorex leahyi
* Spathipora
* Spermophilus
** †Spermophilus argonautus
** †Spermophilus beecheyi
** †Spermophilus lateralis
* †Sphaeroidina
** †Sphaeroidina gredalensis
* Sphenia – tentative report
** †Sphenia meganosensis – type locality for species
* †Sphenophalos – tentative report
* A living Sphyrna hammerhead shark Sphyrna
** †Sphyrna aus
** †Sphyrna bus
* Spilogale
** †Spilogale putorius
* †Spirocrypta
** †Spirocrypta inornata
** †Spirocrypta pileum
* Spiroglyphus
** †Spiroglyphus lituella
** †Spiroglyphus tinajasensis
* Spiroloculina
** †Spiroloculina lamposa
* Spiroplectammina
** †Spiroplectammina coreyi – type locality for species
** †Spiroplectammina eocenica
** †Spiroplectammina kewi – type locality for species
* Spirotropis
** †Spirotropis bulimoides
** †Spirotropis perversa
* Shell of a Spisula, or surf clam Spisula
** †Spisula coosensis
** †Spisula densatum – type locality for species
** †Spisula meganosensis – type locality for species
** †Spisula pabloensis
** †Spisula packardi
** †Spisula panzanum
* Spondylus
** †Spondylus bostrychites
** †Spondylus calcifer
** †Spondylus carlosensis
** †Spondylus perrini
** †Spondylus vaquerosensis
* A living Squalus, or spurdog Squalus
** †Squalus sericulus
** †Squalus serriculus
* Squatina
** †Squatina californica – or unidentified comparable form
** †Squatina claifornica
** †Squatina lerichei
* Squilla
** †Squilla laingae
* †Starrias – type locality for genus
** †Starrias ischyrus – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Stegomastodon †Stegomastodon
** †Stegomastodon mirificus – or unidentified comparable form
* Stenella
* †Stenomylus
** †Stenomylus hitchcocki – or unidentified comparable form
* Stenoplax
** †Stenoplax conspicua
** †Stenoplax magdalenensis
* Stephanodiscus
** †Stephanodiscus asteroides
** †Stephanodiscus carconensis
** †Stephanodiscus excentricus
** †Stephanodiscus hantzchii
** †Stephanodiscus hantzschii
* †Stephanophyllia
** †Stephanophyllia californica – type locality for species
** †Stephanophyllia vacavillensis
* Stercorarius
* Sterna
** †Sterna neglecta
* †Sternbergia – type locality for genus
** †Sternbergia waitei – type locality for species
* Sthenictis
* †Stichocassidulina
** †Stichocassidulina thalmanni
* †Stictocarbo
** †Stictocarbo kumeyaay – type locality for species
* †Stockia – type locality for genus
** †Stockia powayensis – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the fossil pronghorn Stockoceros †Stockoceros – or unidentified comparable form
* Stomias
** †Stomias affinis
* Stramonita
** †Stramonita biserialis
** †Stramonita canaliculata
** †Stramonita imperialis
* †Strepsidura
** †Strepsidura diabloensis – type locality for species
** †Strepsidura ficus – tentative report
** †Strepsidura lincolnensis
* †Streptochetus
** †Streptochetus californiana – type locality for species
* Fossilized teeth of the Paleocene-Miocene sandshark Striatolamia †Striatolamia
** †Striatolamia macrota
* †Striostrea
** †Striostrea freudenbergi
* Strioterebrum
** †Strioterebrum gausapatum
* †Strobilites
** †Strobilites temblorensis
* Strombiformis
** †Strombiformis raymondi
* Strombus
** †Strombus galeatus
** †Strombus gracilior
* †Strongyliscus – type locality for genus
** †Strongyliscus robustus – type locality for species
* Strongylocentrotus
* †Strongylodon
** †Strongylodon falcata
* Strophocardia
** †Strophocardia megastropha
* Sturnella
** †Sturnella negecta
* †Stylemys
** †Stylemys neglectus – type locality for species
* Subcancilla
** †Subcancilla sulcata
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene cow-sized rhinoceros Subhyracodon. Charles R. Knight (1890s). †Subhyracodon
** †Subhyracodon kewi
* Succinea
* †Suggrunda
* Sula
** †Sula clarki – type locality for species
** †Sula pohli – type locality for species
** †Sula willetti – type locality for species
* †Sulcocypraea
** †Sulcocypraea moumieti
* Sulcoretusa
** †Sulcoretusa xystrum
* Surculites
** †Surculites aequilateralis
** †Surculites carpentaria
** †Surculites carpenteriana
** †Surculites carpenterianus
** †Surculites isoformis
** †Surculites keepi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Surculites mathewsoni
** †Surculites mathewsonii
** †Surculites remondi
** †Surculites remondii
* †Surculities – tentative report
* †Syllomus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Syllomus aegyptiacus
* Sylvilagus
** †Sylvilagus audubonii
** †Sylvilagus bachmani
** †Sylvilagus floridanus
** †Sylvilagus hibbardi
* Syncera
** †Syncera translucens
* A living Syngnathus pipefish Syngnathus
** †Syngnathus avus – type locality for species
* †Synthiboramphus
** †Synthiboramphus antiquus
* Synthliboramphus
** †Synthliboramphus antiquus
** †Synthliboramphus hypoleucas
** †Synthliboramphus hypoleucus
** †Synthliboramphus rineyi – type locality for species
* †Synthliboraramphus
** †Synthliboraramphus antiquus

## T

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Flower of a living Tabernaemontana, or milkwood †Tabernaemontana
** †Tabernaemontana chrysophylloides
* Tadorna
** †Tadorna tadorna
* Tagelus
** †Tagelus affinis
** †Tagelus californianus
** †Tagelus clarki – type locality for species
** †Tagelus subteres
* Tamias
** †Tamias ateles – type locality for species
* Tamiasciurus
** †Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
* Tamiosoma
** †Tamiosoma gregaria – type locality for species
* †Tanymykter
** †Tanymykter brachyodontus
* Tapirus
** †Tapirus californicus
** †Tapirus haysii
** †Tapirus merriami – type locality for species
* †Tapochoerus
** †Tapochoerus egressus – type locality for species
** †Tapochoerus mcmillini – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Eocene carnivoran relative Tapocyon †Tapocyon
** †Tapocyon dawsonae – type locality for species
** †Tapocyon robustus
* †Tapomys
** †Tapomys tapensis
* Taranis
** †Taranis incultus
* Taricha
* Taxidea
** †Taxidea taxus
* Tayassu
** †Tayassu edensis
* Tegula
** †Tegula – type locality for species informal
** †Tegula aureotincta
** †Tegula eiseni
** †Tegula ligulata
* †Tejonia
** †Tejonia lajollaensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene rhinoceros Teleoceras †Teleoceras
** †Teleoceras fossiger
** †Teleoceras hicksi
** †Teleoceras mediocronutum
** †Teleoceras meridianum
* †Teletaceras
** †Teletaceras mortivallis
* Shell of a Tellina, or tellin Tellina
** †Tellina bodegensis
** †Tellina cowlitzensis – or unidentified related form
** †Tellina emacerata
** †Tellina eugenia
** †Tellina idae
** †Tellina kewi
** †Tellina lebecki – or unidentified comparable form
** †Tellina martinezensis
** †Tellina meropsis
** †Tellina nuculoides
** †Tellina ocoyana
** †Tellina oldroydi
** †Tellina oregonensis
** †Tellina piercei
** †Tellina pittsburgensis
** †Tellina remondii
** †Tellina soledadensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Tellina tehachapi
** †Tellina undulifera
** †Tellina vancouverensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Tellina wilsoni
* †Temnocyon
** †Temnocyon subferox – or unidentified comparable form
* Tenagodus
** †Tenagodus californiensis
* †Tenudomys
** †Tenudomys bodei
* Life restoration of the Pleistocene bird of prey Teratornis †Teratornis
** †Teratornis merriami
* Terebellum
* Terebra
** †Terebra albocincta
** †Terebra californica
** †Terebra danai
** †Terebra pedroana
** †Terebra protexta
** †Terebra santana – type locality for species
* Terebratalia
** †Terebratalia batequia – or unidentified related form
* Fossilized shell in two views of the Late Devonian-modern brachiopod Terebratula Terebratula
* Terebratulina
** †Terebratulina tejonensis
** †Terebratulina tejonensis waringi
* Teredo
* Terminalia
** †Terminalia estamina
* †Tessarolax – tentative report
** †Tessarolax inconspicua
* Testudo
* †Testudoolithus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Tetraclaenodon
** †Tetraclaenodon puercensis
* Tetraclita
* †Tetrameryx
** †Tetrameryx irvingtonensis – type locality for species
* †Texoceros
** †Texoceros altidens – or unidentified comparable form
** †Texoceros edensis – type locality for species
* Thais
** †Thais carrizoensis
** †Thais lamellosa
** †Thais packi
* Life restoration of the Miocene fur seal Thalassoleon †Thalassoleon
** †Thalassoleon macnallyae – type locality for species
** †Thalassoleon mexicanus
* †Thamnasteria
** †Thamnasteria sinuata – type locality for species
* Thamnophis
* Thanatophilus
** †Thanatophilus lapponicus
* †Thelyphonus
** †Thelyphonus hadleyi – type locality for species
* Thomomys
** †Thomomys bottae
** †Thomomys gidleyi
** †Thomomys leucodon
** †Thomomys microdon – type locality for species
** †Thomomys monticola
* †Thouinopsis
** †Thouinopsis myricaefolia
* Thracia
** †Thracia pedroana
** †Thracia sorrentoensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Thracia undulata
* Thunnus – type locality for genus
** †Thunnus starksi – type locality for species
* Thyasira
** †Thyasira folgeri
* †Thyrsites
** †Thyrsites kriegeri – type locality for species
* †Ticholeptus
** †Ticholeptus zygomaticus
* Timoclea
** †Timoclea picta
* Tinosaurus
** †Tinosaurus stenodon – or unidentified comparable form
* †Tiphyocetus – type locality for genus
** †Tiphyocetus temblorensis – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene camel Titanotylopus †Titanotylopus
* Tivela
** †Tivela diabloensis
** †Tivela gabbi
** †Tivela inezana
** †Tivela kelloggensis
** †Tivela stultorum
* †Tomarctus
** †Tomarctus brevirostris
** †Tomarctus hippophaga
** †Tomarctus hippophagus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Topangasquilla
** †Topangasquilla gravesi
* Torcula
** †Torcula inezana
* †Tornatellaea
** †Tornatellaea pinguis
* Totanus
* Foliage of living Toxicodendron †Toxicodendron
** †Toxicodendron franciscana
* Toxopneustes
** †Toxopneustes roseus – or unidentified comparable form
* Toxostoma
** †Toxostoma redivivum
* Trachycardium
** †Trachycardium procerum
** †Trachycardium schencki
** †Trachycardium vaquerosensis
** †Trachycardium woodringi – type locality for species
* Transennella
** †Transennella joaquinensis – or unidentified comparable form
* A living Tremarctos, or spectacled bear Tremarctos
** †Tremarctos floridanus
* Tresus
** †Tresus capax
** †Tresus nuttallii
** †Tresus pajaroanus
* Triakis – tentative report
* Trichotropis
** †Trichotropis cancellata
** †Trichotropis insignis – or unidentified comparable form
* Tricolia
** †Tricolia compta
** †Tricolia pulloides
* †Trigonictis
** †Trigonictis macrodon
* Trionyx
* Triphora
** †Triphora pedroana
* A living Triplofusus spindle sea snail Triplofusus
** †Triplofusus princeps
* †Triplopus – tentative report
** †Triplopus woodi – type locality for species
* Trochammina
** †Trochammina albertensis
** †Trochammina palea – type locality for species
* Trochita
** †Trochita filosa
* Trochocyathus
** †Trochocyathus crooki
** †Trochocyathus durhami – type locality for species
** †Trochocyathus grahami – type locality for species
** †Trochocyathus imperialis – type locality for species
** †Trochocyathus nomlandi – type locality for species
** †Trochocyathus stantoni – type locality for species
* †Trogomys
** †Trogomys rupinimenthae – type locality for species
* †Trogosus
* Trophon
** †Trophon carisaensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Trophon eucymata
** †Trophon fleenerensis
** †Trophon gillulyi
** †Trophon hernensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Trophon kernensis
** †Trophon multicostatus
** †Trophon pacificus
* †Trossulus – tentative report
** †Trossulus exoletus
* †Trypanotoma
** †Trypanotoma stocki
* †Tubulodon – or unidentified comparable form
* †Tubulostium – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
** †Tubulostium tejonensis
* Shell of a Tucetona bittersweet clam Tucetona
** †Tucetona multicostata
* Tudicla
** †Tudicla blakei
* †Tunita – type locality for genus
** †Tunita octavia – type locality for species
* †Turbinolia
** †Turbinolia capayasensis – type locality for species
** †Turbinolia clarki – type locality for species
** †Turbinolia dickersoni – type locality for species
** †Turbinolia imbulata
** †Turbinolia pusillanima – type locality for species
* Turbonilla
** †Turbonilla aepynota
** †Turbonilla almo
** †Turbonilla asser
** †Turbonilla canfieldi
** †Turbonilla carpenteri
** †Turbonilla keepi
** Illustration of the shell of a Turbonilla laminata pyram shell sea snail †Turbonilla laminata
** †Turbonilla lowei
** †Turbonilla marshensis – type locality for species
** †Turbonilla pedroana
** †Turbonilla pentalopha
** †Turbonilla raymondi
** †Turbonilla regina
** †Turbonilla stylina
** †Turbonilla tenuicula
** †Turbonilla torquata
** †Turbonilla tridentata
** †Turbonilla weldi
* Turcica
** †Turcica caffea
* Turdus
* †Turio
** †Turio culveri – type locality for species
* Turricula
** †Turricula cooperi
** †Turricula merriami
** †Turricula praeattenuata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Turricula waringi
* Turris
** †Turris fresnoensis
** †Turris perissolaxoides
* Fossilized shells of the Late Jurassic-modern tower snail Turritella Turritella
** †Turritella andersoni
** †Turritella bosei
** †Turritella bulwaldana
** †Turritella buwaldana
** †Turritella carisaensis
** †Turritella carrisaensis
** †Turritella cooperi
** †Turritella hendoni
** †Turritella imperialis – type locality for species
** †Turritella inezana
** †Turritella inezani
** †Turritella infragranulata
** †Turritella lajollaensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Turritella lawsoni
** †Turritella lorenzana – type locality for species
** †Turritella mariana
** †Turritella meganosensis – type locality for species
** †Turritella merriami
** †Turritella ocoyana
** †Turritella pachecoensis
** †Turritella reversa
** †Turritella stocki
** †Turritella temblorensis
** †Turritella uvasana
** †Turritella variata
** †Turritella wittichi
* Turritriton
** †Turritriton gibbosus
* A living Tursiops, or bottlenose dolphin Tursiops – or unidentified comparable form
* Typha
** †Typha lesquereuxii
* Typhis
* Tyto
** †Tyto alba

## U

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
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* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Uca
** †Uca hamlini
* †Uintasorex
** †Uintasorex montezumicus – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Eocene mammal Uintatherium †Uintatherium
* Ulmus
** †Ulmus affinis
* †Umbellularia
** †Umbellularia salicifolia
* †Umpquaia
* Uria
** †Uria aalgae
** A pair of living Uria aalge, or common murre †Uria aalge
** †Uria algae
** †Uria brodkorbi – type locality for species
** †Uria paleohesperis – type locality for species
* †Uriscus
** †Uriscus californicus
* †Urobatis
** †Urobatis halleri
* †Urocitellus
** †Urocitellus beldingi
* Urocyon
** †Urocyon californicus
** †Urocyon cinereoargenteus
** †Urocyon galushai
* Urolophus
** †Urolophus halleri – tentative report
* Ursus
** A living Ursus americanus, or American black bear †Ursus americanus
* †Ustatochoerus
** †Ustatochoerus major
* Uta
** †Uta stansburiana
* Uvigerina
** †Uvigerina garzaensis
* †Uvigerinella
** †Uvigerinella obesa

## V

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Valenictus – type locality for genus
** †Valenictus chulavistensis – type locality for species
** †Valenictus imperialensis – type locality for species
* Valvulineria
** †Valvulineria californica
** †Valvulineria casitasensis
** †Valvulineria tumeyensis
** †Valvulineria wilcoxensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Vanderhoofius
** †Vanderhoofius coalingensis
* †Vaquerosella
** †Vaquerosella andersoni
** †Vaquerosella coreyi
** †Vaquerosella durhami
** †Vaquerosella fairbanksi
** †Vaquerosella merriami
** †Vaquerosella vaquerosensis
* Vasum
** †Vasum caestum
* †Vauquelinia
** †Vauquelinia exigua – type locality for species
* Fossilized shell of the Paleocene-Miocene nerite sea snail Velates †Velates
** †Velates californicus – type locality for species
** †Velates perversus
* Velutina
** †Velutina velutina
* Venericardia
** †Venericardia hornii
** †Venericardia mulleri
** †Venericardia planicosta
** †Venericardia sandiegoensis
* Venus
** †Venus purpurissata
* Vermicularia
** †Vermicularia ebunea
* Veromessor
** †Veromessor andrei
* †Vertipecten
** †Vertipecten alexclarki – type locality for species
** †Vertipecten nevadanus
** †Vertipecten perrini
** †Vertipecten yneziana – or unidentified related form
* †Viburnum
** †Viburnum variabilis
* A living Vireo †Vireo
* †Virgulina
** †Virgulina bramlettei
** †Virgulina bramlettrei
** †Virgulina dibollensis
* Vitrinella – tentative report
* Volsella
** †Volsella merriami
** †Volsella porterensis – or unidentified comparable form
* A living Voluta sea snail Voluta
* †Volutilithes
** †Volutilithes orocopiaensis – type locality for species
* Volutopsius
** †Volutopsius eurekaensis
* Volvulella
** †Volvulella cylindrica
* †Vouapa
** †Vouapa geminifolia – type locality for species
* Vulpes
** †Vulpes cascadensis
** †Vulpes kernensis – type locality for species
** †Vulpes stenognathus
** †Vulpes velox
* Vulvulina
** †Vulvulina curta

## W

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Washakius
** †Washakius woodringi – type locality for species
* †Whitneyella
** †Whitneyella sinuata
* Williamia
** †Williamia peltoides
* Restoration of the Permian shark Wodnika †Wodnika
** †Wodnika ocoyae – type locality for species
* †Woodburnehyus – type locality for genus
** †Woodburnehyus grenaderae – type locality for species

## X

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous-modern carrier shell sea snail Xenophora Xenophora
** †Xenophora stocki
** †Xenophora zitteli
* †Xenothrissa – type locality for genus
** †Xenothrissa aphrasta – type locality for species
* †Xyne – type locality for genus
** †Xyne grex – type locality for species
* †Xyrinius – type locality for genus
** †Xyrinius houshi – type locality for species

## Y

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Yaquius
** †Yaquius travisi
* †Yatkolamys
* Yoldia
** †Yoldia cooperii
** †Yoldia impressa
** †Yoldia mortuasusensis – type locality for species
** †Yoldia packardi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Yoldia scissurata
** †Yoldia tenuissima
* †Yumaceras – tentative report
** †Yumaceras ruminalis – type locality for species

## Z

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
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* H
* I
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* L
* M
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* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Zachrysia
** †Zachrysia fraterna – type locality for species
* Zalophus
** †Zalophus californianus
* Fossil of the Early Triassic-Eocene cycad-like frond Zamites †Zamites
** †Zamites californica
* †Zanteclites – type locality for genus
** †Zanteclites hubbsi – type locality for species
* †Zaphleges
** †Zaphleges longurio
* †Zapteryx
** †Zapteryx californicus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Zarhinocetus
** †Zarhinocetus errabundus – type locality for species
* Zelkova
** †Zelkova oregoniana
* Zenaida
** †Zenaida macroura
* Zirfaea
** †Zirfaea dentata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Zirfaea pilsbryi
* Zonotrichia
** †Zonotrichia leucophrys
* Known material diagram depicting the Miocene-Pleistocene mastodon relative Zygolophodon with a human to scale †Zygolophodon