# 1806 in Germany

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Events from the year 1806 in Germany.

## Incumbents

Holy Roman Empire
* Francis II (5 July 1792 – 6 August 1806)

### Kingdoms

* Kingdom of Prussia
** Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)
* Kingdom of Bavaria
** Maximilian I (1 January 1806 – 13 October 1825)
* Kingdom of Saxony
** Frederick Augustus I (20 December 1806 – 5 May 1827)
* Kingdom of Württemberg
** Frederick I (22 December 1797 – 30 October 1816)

### Grand Duchies

* Grand Duke of Baden
** Charles Frederick (25 July 1806 – 10 June 1811)
* Grand Duke of Hesse
** Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830)
* Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
** Frederick Francis I (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)
* Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
** Charles II (2 June 1794 – 6 November 1816)
* Grand Duke of Oldenburg
** Wilhelm (6 July 1785 – 2 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.
** Peter I (2 July 1823 – 21 May 1829)
* Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
** Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

### Principalities

* Schaumburg-Lippe
** George William (13 February 1787 – 1860)
* Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
** Louis Frederick II (13 April 1793 – 28 April 1807)
* Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
** Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 – 19 August 1835)
* Principality of Lippe
** Leopold II (5 November 1802 – 1 January 1851)
* Principality of Reuss-Greiz
** Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800 – 29 January 1817)
* Waldeck and Pyrmont
** Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 – 24 September 1812)

### Duchies

* Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
** Leopold III (16 December 1751 – 9 August 1817)
* Duke of Brunswick
** Frederick William (16 October 1806 – 16 June 1815)
* Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
** Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick
* Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
** Ernest I (9 December 1806 – 12 November 1826)
* Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
** Bernhard II (24 December 1803 – 20 September 1866)
* Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
** Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 – 25 March 1816)

## Events

* 1 January – The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon.
* 12 July – Sixteen German Imperial States leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine; Liechtenstein is given full sovereignty, leading to the collapse of the Empire after 844 years.
* 6 August – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates, thus ending the Holy Roman Empire after about a millennium.
* 25 September – Prussia issues an ultimatum to Paris, threatening war if France does not halt marching its troops through Prussian territory to reach Austria; the message does not reach Napoleon Bonaparte until 7 October, and he responds by attacking Prussia.
* 8 October – Napoleon responds to the 25 September ultimatum from Prussia, and begins the War of the Fourth Coalition; Prussia is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.
* 9 October – Battle of Schleiz: French and Prussian forces fight for the first time since the war began. The Prussian army is easily defeated, by a more numerous French force.
* 10 October – Battle of Saalfeld
* 14 October – Battle of Jena–Auerstedt: Napoleon defeats the Prussian army of Prince Hohenlohe at Jena, while Marshal Davout defeats the main Prussian army under Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who is killed.
* 16 October – Capitulation of Erfurt
* 17 October – Battle of Halle
* 24 October – French forces enter Berlin.
* 25 October – 8 November – Siege of Magdeburg
* 28 October – Battle of Prenzlau
* 29 October – Capitulation of Pasewalk
* 30 October – Capitulation of Stettin: Believing themselves massively outnumbered, the 5,300-man garrison at Stettin in Prussia surrenders to a much smaller French force without a fight.
* 1 November – Battle of Waren-Nossentin
* 6 November – Battle of Lübeck
* 7–22 November – Siege of Hamelin
* 21 November – Berlin Decree

## Births

* 1 January – Lionel Kieseritzky, Baltic-German chess player (died 1853)
* 13 January – Eugen Napoleon Neureuther, German painter and illustrator (died 1882)
* 18 February – Eduard Heis, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1877)
* 6 April – Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl, German scholar (died 1876)
* 12 June – John Augustus Roebling, German-American engineer (died 1869)
* 22 July – Johann Kaspar Zeuss, German historian and philologist (died 1856)
* 25 October – Max Stirner, German philosopher (died 1856)
* 23 November – Philipp Hoffmann, German architect and builder (died 1869)
* 11 December – Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich, German geologist (died 1886)

## Deaths

* 6 January – Jean Henri Riesener, German furniture designer (born 1734)
* 3 March – Heinrich Christian Boie, German poet and editor (born 1744)
* 23 August – Johann Eleazar Zeissig, German genre, portrait and porcelain painter, and engraver (born 1737)
* 10 October – Therese Maron, German painter active in Rome (born 1725)
* 10 October – Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, German prince (killed in battle) (born 1772)

### Date unknown

* Johann Gottfried Arnold, German cellist (born 1773)