OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oleksii Kovalov

Oleksiy Ivanovych Kovalov (Ukrainian: Олексій Іванович Ковальов, Russian: Алексей Иванович Ковалев; 19 January 1989 – 28 August 2022) was a Ukrainian politician who served as a People's Deputy of Ukraine representing Ukraine's 186th electoral district as a member of Servant of the People from 2019 until his assassination in 2022. A few months before his death, he had begun collaborating with Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

## Biography

Kovalov was elected in the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election as a member of the Servant of the People party after winning in Ukraine's 186th electoral district (centred around Hola Prystan) with 35.12% of the votes. He entered Ukraine's national parliament, the Verkhovna Rada in August 2019.
Two months into the Russian invasion of Ukraine, at the beginning of April 2022 Kovalov stated that he was in Russian occupied Hola Prystan "to work in his electoral district." He did not report to the Verkhovna Rada where he was or what he was doing.
On 28 April, the Servant of the People faction announced that it had suspended Kovalov's membership in the party and the faction. Kovalov was then expelled from the Servant of the People party on 3 May 2022.
On 8 June 2022, Kovalov admitted on his Facebook page to collaborating with the Russian occupiers in the Kherson Oblast.
On 22 June 2022, it was reported that Kovalov had been killed in Kherson Oblast at the age of 33. However, on 30 June 2022, Russian media released a video of Kovalov in the hospital, in which he accused the Ukrainian Security Service of attempting to assassinate him. Also on 30 June 2022, First Deputy Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada Oleksandr Kornienko stated that Kovalov's mandate could be removed only after a court ruling because the Ukrainian Constitution does not include collaborationism as grounds for depriving an MP of their mandate.
According to Ukrainian authorities at the beginning of July, Kovalov assumed the position of deputy created by the Russian occupying administration, "head of the government of Kherson Oblast".
On 28 August 2022, several Telegram channels reported the murder of Kovalov. The following day the Investigative Committee of Russia confirmed Kovalov's death. According to them, Kovalev died as a result of a gunshot wound during an attack at his place of residence in Zaliznyi Port on 28 August 2022. A woman who lived with Kovalev reportedly was also killed.
On 7 October 2022, the Russian President Vladimir Putin posthumously awarded him with the Order of Courage for "dedication and courage".
Since no official death certificate could have been received by parliament, necessary for his termination of office as a People's Deputy of Ukraine, Kovalyov will technically stay a member of the Verkhovna Rada until the next Ukrainian parliamentary election or until an official death certificate is received.
# Matteo Mandorlini

Matteo Mandorlini (born 22 October 1988) is an Italian footballer who plays as midfielder for Serie D club Ravenna.
He is the son of football coach Andrea Mandorlini, who also played as a footballer with Inter Milan in the 1980s. His brother Davide is also a footballer.

## Club career
### Parma

Matteo born Mandorlini in Como, Lombardy, when his father Andrea playing for Internazionale. He started his career with Emilia–Romagna side Parma. Mandorlini has made one Serie A appearance for Parma, that being Parma's 1–0 loss to S.S. Lazio on 14 May 2006 during the 2005–06 season. That match was the last round of the season and Mandorlini substituted Damiano Ferronetti in the 84th minute.
In July 2007, he was loaned to Pavia and sold to Foligno in co-ownership deal in August 2008. He started both legs of the relegation playoffs as a midfielder in 4321/433 formation.
In June 2009, Parma bought him back and loaned to Viareggio.

### Piacenza

In 2010–11 season, he returned to Parma and awarded no.27 shirt, which he also own that number in 2005–06 season. But on 31 August he was loaned to Serie B club Piacenza. He started his first start of the 2010–11 Serie B season on 16 October 2010, as right midfielder (ahead Alessandro Marchi) in 4321/433 formation. The match Piacenza defeated Crotone 1–0. In the next match he moved to left midfielder ahead Tommaso Bianchi.

### Brescia

In June 2011, the last few days of 2010–11 financial year, he moved to Brescia in co-ownership deal. Parma signed Cristian Pedrinelli in exchange also in co-ownership deal. Both players 50% registration rights were valued €1.5 million. Mandorlini played 22 times in 2011–12 Serie B. In June 2012 Mandorlini left for Serie B newcomer Spezia along with Parma team-mate Raffaele Schiavi. On 31 January 2013 he was signed by Grosseto. However Grosseto still relegated to Lega Pro Prima Divisione.
In June 2013 Parma gave up the remain 50% registration rights of Mandorlini to Brescia for free; Pedrinelli also moved to Parma outright for another €80,000.

### Pisa

On 18 July 2014 he was signed by Serie C club Pisa.

### Pordenone

On 22 August 2015 he was signed by Pordenone in a 2-year deal.

### Seregno

On 2 September 2021, he joined Serie C club Seregno.

## International career

Mandorlini was a member of the Italy U17 squad at the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship. He was also capped for the Italy U19 team during the team's 2007 UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship elite qualification campaign, and wore the number nine shirt.
After the tournament he never received a call-up from neither the U20 nor the U21 team. Instead, he received a call-up from the C team: Italy under-20 Lega Pro representative team, played for the team at 2008–09 Mirop Cup, but sometimes as a defender.
Padova
* Serie C: 2017–18
* Supercoppa di Serie C: 2018
# Pyotr Kozlov

Pyotr Kuzmich Kozlov (Russian: Пётр Кузьми́ч Козло́в; 3 October 1863 in Dukhovshchina – 26 September 1935 in Peterhof) was a Russian and Soviet traveller and explorer who continued the studies of Nikolai Przhevalsky in Mongolia and Tibet.

## Biography

Although prepared by his parents for a military career, Kozlov chose to join Nikolai Przhevalsky's expedition. After his mentor's death, Kozlov continued traveling in Asia with Przhevalsky's successors, Pevtsov and Roborovsky. In 1895 he took general command of the expedition from ailing Roborovsky. From 1899 to 1901 he explored and later described in a book the upper reaches of the Yellow River, Yangtze, and Mekong rivers, for which he received the Constantine Medal in 1902.
During the first decade of the 20th century, when the Great Game reached its peak, Kozlov rivaled Sven Hedin and Aurel Stein as the foremost researcher of Xinjiang. Although he was on good terms with Hedin and other foreign explorers, the British government, as represented by George Macartney, monitored his movements across Central Asia. Kozlov's 1905 visit to the Dalai Lama in Urga gave "the British War Office a fright", especially after the Lama declared his intention to "settle within the confines of Russia".
During his expedition of 1907–1909, Kozlov explored the Gobi Desert and discovered the ruins of Khara-Khoto, a Tangut city destroyed by the Ming Chinese in 1372. It took him several years to excavate the site and bring to St. Petersburg no fewer than 2,000 books in the Tangut language he uncovered there. Kozlov described his findings in a large volume entitled Mongolia and Amdo and the Dead City of Khara-Khoto (1923). He was awarded the 1911 Royal Geographical Society's Founder's Medal for his explorations.
His last expedition to Mongolia and Tibet (1923–1926) resulted in the discovery of an unprecedented number of Xiongnu royal burials at Noin-Ula. After bringing to Petrograd some amazing samples of 2000-year-old Bactrian textiles, Kozlov retired from scientific work and settled in a village near Novgorod.
Kozlov married Elizabeth Kozlova, a woman 29 years his junior, who accompanied him on his final journey of exploration as the expedition ornithologist, and who was to publish many monographs and scientific papers on the avifauna of Central Asia.
Kozlov was a mentor of the Russian explorer and writer Vladimir Arsenyev.
In 1904, the botanist Vladimir Ippolitovich Lipsky published a genus of flowering plants from Central Asia (belonging to the family Apiaceae) as Kozlovia, in Pyotr Kozlov's honour.
# Brahmistha

Brahmistha (Sanskrit: ब्रह्मिष्ठ, Romanised: Brahmiṣṭha) is a Sanskrit word used for denoting the highest Vedic scholar. The word Brahmistha is found in the Vedic literatures. A Brahmin who has attained the greatest knowledge of Vedas is called as Brahmistha. The word Brahmistha is also defined as "the best knower of Brahman".

## Etymology

Brahmistha is the superlative degree form of the word Brāhmaṇa. The highest degree of Brāhmaṇa is termed as Brahmistha.The knower of Brahman is term as Brāhmaṇa and the greatest knower of Brahman is term as Brahmistha.

## Description

In the philosophical text Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, the word Brahmistha was used by the King Janaka of Mithila at his court during the occasion of the Bahudakshina Yajna to denote the greatest scholar of Vedas.
In the scholarly contests at the Bahudakshina Yajna, when no one was able defeat the Vedic scholar Yajnavalkya, then he was finally accepted and awarded as Brahmistha by all the sages, scholars and King Janaka at his court.
# Wetware (film)

Wetware is a 2018 American science fiction film written and directed by Jay Craven and starring Jerry O'Connell. It is based on Craig Nova's novel of the same name.

## Cast

* Jerry O'Connell as Wendell Blaine
* Morgan Wolk as Kay
* Cameron Scoggins as Hal Briggs
* Bret Lada as Jack Portman
* Jessica Blank as Virginia
* Labhaoise Magee as Gloria
* Dallas Mahan as Austin Kitteridge
* Susan S. McGinnis as Evelyn Black
* Nicole Shalhoub as Carr
* Aurélia Thiérrée as "Clock"
* Matt Salinger as Mashita
* Lauren Carole Ritter as Jennifer
* Brandon Alan Smith as Hart
* Ariel Zevon as Officer Zelda
* Kimberly Arthurs as Mungo
* Hunter Hard as Mongo
* Kristan Lyon as Mongo
* Christopher Mikael as Mongo Supervisor Fighter
* Tara O'Reilly as Hipster
* Bianca Ilich as Hostess

## Production

The film was shot in Brattleboro, Vermont and Nantucket.

## Release

The film premiered at the Town Hall Theater in Middlebury, Vermont on September 29, 2018. It was also released at Catamount Arts in St. Johnsbury, Vermont on October 5, 2018.
# Midnight blue belt

A midnight blue belt is a belt worn in some Korean martial arts to signify that the wearer has attained dan rank, which translates to a degree holder. This belt is most commonly seen in the Korean martial arts of tang soo do and soo bahk do, where it is often used in place of the more common black belt. Its origin lies in Hwang Kee, who used it to denote dan holders in the Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan. In tang soo do, black is viewed as a colour that does not become darker, and thus signifies an end (death), whereas midnight blue represents more positive concepts, such as the element of water.
# Alexeyevo, Sheksninsky District, Vologda Oblast

Alexeyevo (Russian: Алексеево) is a rural locality (a village) in Yershovskoye Rural Settlement, Sheksninsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 10 as of 2002.

## Geography

Alexeyevo is located 26 km (16 mi) north of Sheksna (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gorka is the nearest rural locality.
# Maczek Memorial Breda

The Maczek Memorial Breda is a museum in Breda, Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands. It tells the story of the liberation of Breda in 1944 by the First Polish Armoured Division led by General Stanisław Maczek. The museum was opened in 2020.

## The museum
### History

The Maczek Memorial Breda originates from the Generaal Maczek Museum, which until 2015 was located in building -R- on the Trip van Zoudtlandtkazerne. The General Maczek Museum was founded on October 27, 1997, and had a large collection of objects related to World War Two and the liberation of Breda.
After it was no longer possible to house the museum in the Trip van Zoudtlandtkazerne, they started looking for a new location. A site was chosen behind the Polish Military Cemetery on the Ettensebaan in Breda.

### Opening

On 27 May 2019 construction on the Maczek Memorial started. The opening was scheduled for March 31, 2020, the birthday of General Maczek. This could not take place due to the corona crisis. The official opening was therefore moved to 24 October 2020, close the commemoration day of the liberation of Breda.

### Collection and building

The permanent collection of the Maczek Memorial Breda includes the original uniform of General Maczek, which was donated by his children. Various original weapons and items from the Second World War are also on display. In addition, the Memorial houses an information and documentation center and a Chambre de Reflection.
# Thandi Memela

Thandi Memela (8 January 1939 – 7 January 2021) was a South African politician from KwaZulu-Natal. A member of South Africa's African National Congress (ANC), she served as a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa from 2009 until 2019. She was also the inaugural Deputy President of the ANC Veterans' League between 2009 and 2017.
Memela died in 2021 at the age of 81.
# Vares: The Path of the Righteous Men

Vares: The Path of the Righteous Men (Finnish: Vares – Kaidan tien kulkijat) is a 2012 Finnish crime film directed by Anders Engström and it is the sixth installment of the Vares film series. The film is the only of the film series where Jasper Pääkkönen doesn't appear as Kyypakkaus or any other character.

## Cast

* Antti Reini as Jussi Vares
* Peter Franzén as preacher Taisto Raappana
* Jarmo Mäkinen as Juhana Sulander
* Matti Onnismaa as priest Alanen
* Petteri Summanen as officer Larva
* Eppu Salminen as Juhani Luusalmi
* Merja Larivaara as Elisabeth Raappana
* Markku Maalismaa as priest Hukkanen
* Kari-Pekka Toivonen as senior physician Sulo Hento
* Pekka Huotari as Kalle Riutta
* Aake Kalliala as Paskamantteli the village idiot
* Kari Tapio as himself
# Saeed Laylaz

Saeed Laylaz (Persian: سعید لیلاز) is an Iranian economist, journalist, and a former advisor to President Mohammad Khatami. Laylaz was a pro-reform critic of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and was arrested as part of a general crackdown during the 2009–2010 Iranian election protests; his newspaper, the business daily Sarmayeh, was banned by government censors in November 2009. He is a professor at Tehran's Shahid Beheshti University.

## 2009 arrest

During the 2009 Iranian presidential election, Laylaz was a key adviser in the campaign of opposition candidate Mir Hossein Mousavi. After President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was re-elected amid allegations of voter fraud in June, Iran saw widespread protests.
On 17 June, Laylaz was arrested as part of a general crackdown on journalists. A Sarmayeh husband-and-wife team, editor Bahman Ahmadi Amouee and reporter Jila Baniyaghoob, were arrested three days later. On 2 December 2009, Laylaz was found guilty of "taking part in illegal gatherings" and "holding classified information", and was sentenced to nine years' imprisonment. In March 2010, the sentence was reduced on appeal to three years.
Laylaz's imprisonment drew international attention and protest from NGOs. Amnesty International designated him a prisoner of conscience, "detained solely for [his] peaceful exercise of the right to freedom of expression", and called for his immediate release. Human Rights Watch called on the Iranian government to "halt the crackdown" and release Laylaz and the other detained. The Committee to Protect Journalists described itself as "deeply concerned" by the sentence, calling it "highly politicized and unjustified". Reporters Without Borders listed it as a "Press Freedom Violation".

## Personal life

Laylaz is married to Sepehrnaz Panahi, with whom he has a daughter, Shahrzad, and a son, Mohammad-Hossein.
# Ajit Saini

Ajit Singh Saini (1922–2007) was a writer of Punjab (India). He was associated with the Punjabi daily "Ajit" as its managing editor and columnist. He is remembered in Punjab both as a freedom-fighter and a writer and columnist. He was an officer in Indian National Army (INA) and a close lieutenant of Subhas Chandra Bose. Saini worked with the wire service of INA and Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind or Provisional Government of Free India, more simply, Indian government in exile.

## Indian National Army (INA) officer

Ajit Saini joined the British Indian Army where he was a lieutenant military officer. While fighting the Japanese army in the Malayan campaign, he came under the influence of Capt. Mohan Singh and thereafter defected to the Indian National Army in order to fight for India's liberation. His first job as part of INA was as the army's liaison officer for handling INA's communication with Japanese forces and diplomats. Thereafter he also worked as the assistant editor of INA news magazine Azad Hind which was published from Singapore.

## Career as a journalist and writer

In 1956 Ajit Saini joined Information and Broadcasting Department of Government of India and launched his dedicated writing career. He was also the managing editor of the Punjabi daily 'Ajit' which is one of Punjab's reputed newspaper.

## Awards and recognition

Ajit Saini was felicitated during his lifetime both for his contributions to India's freedom movement and to the literary arena. During his lifetime he won the following awards and recognitions:
* Commendation from the Chief Minister of Punjab, Giani Zail Singh, later India's President, for contribution to freedom movement.
* Commendation from Sahit Vichar Kendar for literary contributions.
* Commendation from the Punjab Teachers Union for journalistic excellence.
His short-story anthology titled, 'Wadhiya Tea-set', was released in a literary conference held in New Delhi by the late ex-Prime Minister Narasimha Rao who was then India's Foreign Minister.

## Literary works

Some of Ajit Saini's notable anthologies of short stories in Punjabi language which won critical acclaim are as follows:
* Jai Hind
* Wadhiya Tea-set
* Tutade Rishte
* Mitti Di Pukar
* Aurat Faltu Nahin
* Adhura Shahkar
* Ek Manas ki Jaat

## Death widely condoled: Chief Minister's message

Ajit Saini, died 10 December 2007 and his demise was widely condoled in Punjab. In a condolence message the Chief Minister said that 'Saini was a multi-faceted personality who served in the Indian National Army (INA) and made a significant contribution towards the Indian freedom struggle. As a noted Journalist and an eminent Columnist Ajit Saini through his prolific writings in the esteemed columns of regional and national newspapers proved to be instrumental in bringing social awakening amongst the down-trodden and unprivileged section of the society. In his death "a void has been created in the literary circles which was difficult to be filled"', said Badal.
# Ali Rahnema

Ali Rahnema (Persian: علی رهنما; born 1952) is an Iranian economist and historian. He is a professor of economics at the American University of Paris. Rahnema is the son of former Iranian diplomat and politician Hamid Rahnema.

## Education

Rahnema has a BA from Lewis and Clark College, MA and MALD degrees from The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy of Tufts University, and a Doctorat de Troisième Cycle from the Université de Paris I - Sorbonne.

## Books

| Title | Publisher | Year | ISBN | |
| Call to Arms: Iran’s Marxist Revolutionaries: Formation and Evolution of the Fada'is, 1964–1976 | Oneworld Publications | 2021 | 9781786079855 | |
| Shi'i Reformation in Iran: The Life and Theology of Shari'at Sangelaji | Routledge | 2015 | 9781472434166 | |
| Behind the 1953 Coup in Iran: Thugs, Turncoats, Soldiers, and Spooks | Cambridge University Press | 2014 | 9781139875974 | Farsi and French translations |
| Superstition as Ideology in Iranian Politics: From Majlesi to Ahmadinejad | Cambridge University Press | 2011 | 978-1-139-49562-2 | Farsi translation |
| An Islamic Utopian: A Political Biography of Ali Shariati | I.B.Tauris | 1998 | 978-1-86064-552-5 | Farsi, Arabic, Turkish and Indonesian translations |
| The Pioneers of Islamic Revival | Zed Books | 1994 | 978-1-85649-254-6 | |
| The Pioneers of Islamic Revival | Zed Books | 2005 | 978-1842776155 | New Edition with Major New Introduction by the Editor, Malaysian Edition 2006. Indonesian translation |
| Islamic Economic Systems | Zed Books | 1994 | 978-1-85649-057-3 | Malaysian and Bosnian translations |
| The Secular Miracle: Religion, Politics, and Economic Policy in Iran | Zed Books | 1990 | 978-0-86232-938-9 | |
# Masoud Roghani Zanjani

Masoud Roghani Zanjani (Persian: مسعود روغنی زنجانی, was born in Zanjan) is an Iranian academic, economist, scholar and vice president of Iran in the cabinet of Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani, Mir-Hossein Mousavi and Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani in the section of Management and Planning Organization of Iran. he is professor of Economic development and Economics in Allameh Tabataba'i University. The record of presidency in the Management and Planning Organisation is by Masoud Roghani Zanjani 14 years experience.
# Hossein Mahdavy

Hossein Mahdavy is an Iranian economist and political scientist known for rentier state theory. After Mahdavy's work on rentier states, rentierism became a common conception for analyzing some developing states like Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, UAE and Venezuela.
He studied at Oxford and Harvard Universities.
# Rod

Rod, Ród, Rőd, Rød, Röd, ROD, or R.O.D. may refer to:

## Devices

* Birch rod, made out of twigs from birch or other trees for corporal punishment
* Ceremonial rod, used to indicate a position of authority
* Connecting rod, main, coupling, or side rod, in a reciprocating engine
* Control rod, used to control the rate of fission in a nuclear reactor
* Divining rod, two rods believed by some to find water in a practice known as dowsing
* Fishing rod, a tool used to catch fish, like a long pole with a hook on the end
* Lightning rod, a conductor on top of a building to protect the building in the event of lightning by taking the charge harmlessly to earth
* Measuring rod, a kind of ruler
* Switch (corporal punishment), a piece of wood used as a staff or for corporal punishment, or a bundle of such switches
* Truss rod, a steel part inside a guitar neck used for its tension adjustment

## Arts and entertainment

* Read or Die, a Japanese anime and manga
** Read or Die (OVA), an original video animation based on the manga
** Read or Dream, a manga set in the Read or Die universe
** R.O.D the TV, a 26-episode anime series
* Röd, a 2009 album by Swedish band Kent
* The Rods, American heavy metal band
* Rod Norman, a character in the soap opera EastEnders
* Rod (Avenue Q), a character in the stage musical Avenue Q
* Rod Flanders, a character in the TV series The Simpsons
* "R.O.D.", a 2013 song by Korean rapper G-Dragon featured on his second studio album Coup d'Etat

## People

* Rod (given name)
* Rod (surname)
* Rød (surname)

## Places

* Ród, a village in Tilişca Commune, Sibiu County, Romania
* Rød (disambiguation), several populated places in Norway
* Rőd, Aiton, from the Hungarian name for Rediu, a village in Aiton Commune, Cluj County, Romania
* Rod, California, a former settlement in Kern County
* Rod (river), a tributary of the Apold in Sibiu County, Romania

## Science and technology

* Cuisenaire rods, to teach children arithmetics
* Rod-shaped bacterium, a shape of bacteria such as E. coli
* Rod (optical phenomenon), a photographic artifact claimed by some to be alien life
* Rod (unit), an Imperial unit of length, also known as the pole or perch
* Rod cell, a cell found in the retina that is sensitive to light/dark (black/white)
* Real-time outbreak and disease surveillance (RODS)
* rod, ISO 639-3 code for the Rogo language of Nigeria
* Rate of descent (RoD), a measurement in aviation

## Other uses

* Railway Operating Division, a division of the British Army's Royal Engineers
* Record of Decision, a formal decision document issued by the United States government
* Rod (god), a Slavic creator god
* Rods (tarot suit)
* Roughly Obsess and Destroy, a professional wrestling stable
* Ror, an Indian caste also known as "Rod"
* A dowel
* A firearm