# Regional Council of Lombardy

The Regional Council of Lombardy (Italian: Consiglio Regionale della Lombardia) is the legislative assembly of Lombardy, Italy.
It was first elected in 1970, when the ordinary regions were instituted, on the basis of the Constitution of Italy of 1948.

## Composition

The political system of the Regions of Italy was changed in 1995, when a semi-presidential system was introduced. If until that year the council was elected under a pure proportional system and the President of Lombardy was chosen and dismissed by the council, since 1995 the President and the council are jointly elected by the people.
The Regional Council of Lombardy is composed of 80 members. From 1995 to 2012, 64 councillors were elected in provincial constituencies by proportional representation using the largest remainder method with a Droop quota and open lists, while 16 councillors (elected in bloc) came from a "regional list", including the President-elect. One seat was reserved for the candidate who came second. If a coalition won more than 40 seats with PR, as happened during the 2000 election, only 8 candidates from the regional list would be chosen and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 72. If the winning coalition received less than 50% of votes, as happened during the 1995 election, special seats were added to the council to ensure a large majority for the President's coalition.
A new Lombard electoral law was adopted on 26 October 2012. While the President of Lombardy and the leader of the opposition are still elected at-large, 78 councillors, instead of 64 as it was before, are elected by party lists under a form of semi-proportional representation. The winning coalition receives a jackpot of at least 45 seats, which are divided between all majority parties using the D'Hondt method, as it happens between the losing lists. Each party then distributes its seats to its provincial lists, where candidates are openly selected.
The council is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the simul stabunt, simul cadent clause introduced in 1999 (literally they will stand together or they will fall together), also the council is dissolved and a snap election is called.
The Council chooses its speaker, called President of the council (Presidente del Consiglio).

### Political groups (2023–2028)

The council is composed of the following political groups:
| Party | Seats | Status |
| Brothers of Italy (FdI) | 22 / 80 | Government |
| Democratic Party (PD) | 18 / 80 | Opposition |
| Lega – Lombard League | 14 / 80 | Government |
| Forza Italia (FI) | 6 / 80 | Government |
| Ideal Lombardy (LI) | 5 / 80 | Government |
| Moratti for President | 4 / 80 | Opposition |
| Five Star Movement (M5S) | 3 / 80 | Opposition |
| Action – Italia Viva (A–IV) | 3 / 80 | Opposition |
| Civic Pact (PC) | 2 / 80 | Opposition |
| Greens and Left Alliance (AVS) | 1 / 80 | Opposition |
| Us Moderates – Renaissance (NM) | 1 / 80 | External support |
By coalition:
| Party | Seats | Status |
| Centre-right coalition | 49 / 80 | Government |
| Centre-left coalition | 24 / 80 | Opposition |
| Action – Italia Viva | 7 / 80 | Opposition |

### Historical composition

| Election | DC | PCI | PSI | PLI | PRI | PSDI | MSI | Others | Total |
| 7 June 1970 | 36 | 19 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 80 |
| 15 June 1975 | 32 | 25 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 80 |
| 8 June 1980 | 34 | 23 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 80 |
| 12 May 1985 | 31 | 22 | 12 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 80 |
| 6 May 1990 | 25 | 15 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 22 | 80 |
| Election | Majority | Opposition | Total | President of the Region |
| 23 April 1995 | Centre-right (FI-AN-CCD) 54 | Centre-left (PDS-PPI-FdV-PdD) 19 — 12 LN 5 PRC | 90 | Roberto Formigoni |
| 16 April 2000 | Centre-right (FI-LN-AN-CCD-CDU-PP) 51 | Centre-left (DS-PPI-PRC-SDI) 26 – 3 Bonino List | 80 | Roberto Formigoni |
| 3 April 2005 | Centre-right (FI-LN-AN-UDC) 52 | Centre-left (DS-DL-PRC-FdV-PP-PdCI-IdV) 28 | 80 | Roberto Formigoni |
| 28 March 2010 | Centre-right (PdL-LN) 49 | Centre-left (PD-IdV-PP-SEL) 28 — 3 UDC | 80 | Roberto Formigoni |
| 24 February 2013 (snap election) | Centre-right (PdL-LN-FdI-PP) 49 | Centre-left (PD-PC) 22 — 9 M5S | 80 | Roberto Maroni |
| 4 March 2018 | Centre-right (Lega-FI-FdI-NcI-EpI) 49 | Centre-left (PD-+E) 18 — 13 M5S | 80 | Attilio Fontana |
| 12 February 2023 | Centre-right (FdI-Lega-FI-NM) 49 | Centre-left (PD-M5S-AVS) 24 — 7 A–IV | 80 | Attilio Fontana |

## Presidents

This is a list of the Presidents of the Regional Council (Italian: Presidenti del Consiglio regionale):
| Name | Name | Period | Period | Regional Legislature |
| | Gino Colombo (DC) | 6 July 1970 | 24 July 1975 | I (1970) |
| | Sergio Marvelli (PSI) | 24 July 1975 | 20 April 1978 | II (1975) |
| | Carlo Smuraglia (PCI) | 20 April 1978 | 24 July 1980 | II (1975) |
| | Sergio Marvelli (PSI) | 24 July 1980 | 6 October 1983 | III (1980) |
| | Renzo Peruzzotti (PSI) | 6 October 1983 | 18 June 1985 | III (1980) |
| | Ugo Finetti (PSI) | 18 June 1985 | 5 August 1985 | IV (1985) |
| | Fabio Semenza (PRI) | 5 August 1985 | 27 June 1990 | IV (1985) |
| | Giampietro Borghini (PCI) | 27 June 1990 | 12 February 1992 | V (1990) |
| | Claudio Bonfanti (PSI) | 12 February 1992 | 9 December 1992 | V (1990) |
| | Francesco Zaccaria (PSI) | 9 December 1992 | 19 June 1995 | V (1990) |
| | Giancarlo Morandi (FI) | 19 June 1995 | 12 June 2000 | VI (1995) |
| | Attilio Fontana (LN) | 12 June 2000 | 6 June 2005 | VII (2000) |
| | Attilio Fontana (LN) | 6 June 2005 | 6 July 2006 | VIII (2005) |
| | Ettore Albertoni (LN) | 6 July 2006 | 15 July 2008 | VIII (2005) |
| | Giulio De Capitani (LN) | 15 July 2008 | 11 May 2010 | VIII (2005) |
| | Davide Boni (LN) | 11 May 2010 | 17 April 2012 | IX (2010) |
| | Fabrizio Cecchetti (LN) | 17 April 2012 | 27 October 2012 | IX (2010) |
| Regional Council suspended |||||
| | Raffaele Cattaneo (FI) | 28 March 2013 | 5 April 2018 | X (2013) |
| | Alessandro Fermi (FI) | 5 April 2018 | 15 March 2023 | XI (2018) |
| | Federico Romani (FdI) | 15 March 2023 | Incumbent | XII (2023) |

### Notes

* ↑ On 27 October 2012, 74 members of the Regional Council resigned. The Council was automatically dissolved.