OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Clara von Rappard

Clara Julia Elisa von Rappard (19 May 1857 – 12 January 1912) was a Swiss painter. She worked in a wide variety of genres and materials including illustrations, etchings and murals, although she is best known for landscapes and portraits.

## Biography

Clara von Rappard was born on 19 May 1857 in Wabern bei Bern. She was the only child of Jurist Conrad von Rappard [de] and Albertine Engell (1832–1922) of Mecklenburg, the younger sister of the writer and women's rights activist Juliane Engell-Günther [nl]. Her father also operated a microscopy institute (presumably related to forensics) and was co-owner, with his brother Hermann Gisbert von Rappard (1814–1902), of the Grandhotel Giessbach [de] on Lake Brienz. She spent her formative years in Wabern bei Bern, then in Interlaken. Extensive travelling throughout Europe with her parents gave her an acquaintance with art and culture. Her artistic inclinations made themselves apparent at a relatively early age, and she was immediately given formal lessons.
From 1868 to 1869, she studied with Dominik Skutecký in Venice, from 1870 to 1871 with Heinrich Dreber in Rome, from 1871 to 1874 with Antonie Volkmar [de] and Carl Steffeck in Berlin and, from 1875 to 1885 in the women's art school operated by Karl Gussow. In between, she also took lessons from Eduard Lürssen [de], Friedrich Kaulbach in Hanover, and at the school in the Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin. During the 1880s, she also studied etching with Ludwig von Gleichen-Rußwurm. Other artists who participated, to a greater or lesser degree, in her education included Adolph von Menzel, Paul Friedrich Meyerheim, Arnold Böcklin and Eugène Burnand. For a brief period in the mid 1880s, she operated her own studio in Munich.
She exhibited widely throughout Western Europe and the United States, although she focused on German speaking areas. She held several solo showings there, including ones at the Kunsthalle Bremen (1894), Kunstverein Hannover [de] (also 1894) and the Kunstmuseum Bern (1896). She took second place at the German Exhibition in London (1891) and received a gold medal at the International Women's Exhibition (also in London, 1900).
She died on 12 January 1912 in Bern from pneumonia, following a long illness.

## Sources/Further reading

* Jules Coulin: Clara von Rappard. Das Leben einer Malerin. Basel 1920.
* Rappard, Clara von. In: Käthe, Paula und der ganze Rest: Künstlerinnenlexikon. Verein der Berliner Künstlerinnen, Kupfergraben, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-89181-411-9, pg.133
* Magdalena Schindler: Clara von Rappard (1857–1912). Anspruch und (Selbst-)Inszenierung einer Künstlerin. Ungedruckte Lizentiatsarbeit, Institut für Kunstgeschichte der Universität Bern, Bern 1995.
* Magdalena Schindler, Walter Bettler: Clara von Rappard - eine Künstlerin zwischen Natur und Phantasie (1857–1912). Interlaken 1997.
* Carola Muyser (Ed.), "Auftrag der Gesellschaft Clara von Rappard" in: Clara von Rappard - Freilichtmalerin 1857-1912. Exhibition catalog, March-Sept. 1999, Museum Schloss Jegenstorf and West Bohemian Gallery in Plzeň [cs], Bern 1999, ISBN 3-00-004210-5
# Tom Outridge Jr.

Thomas Michael Outridge (8 September 1927 – 21 July 2003) was an Australian cricketer who represented Western Australia in 19 first-class matches between 1948 and 1953. He was a left-handed all-rounder, bowling slow left-arm orthodox spin.
The son of Thomas Outridge, a noted footballer, Outridge played for a state colts team against the Marylebone Cricket Club in October 1946, and made his senior debut the following season. Debuting against the touring Indian team in February 1948, he scored 28 and 14, coming in third in the batting order. Outridge made his Sheffield Shield debut against South Australia in January 1950, scoring 49 runs in the first innings before being run out by John Wilkin. He played his final match in 1953, against the touring South Africans. Outridge's highest score came against the touring MCC in October 1950, when he hit nine fours and three sixes in his innings of 92. His 19 first-class matches yielded 21 wickets, with a best of 5/78 taken against Victoria in February 1953, in what was his final Shield match. Outridge retired from cricket in November 1953, after he moved to Bunbury to work at his father's hotel, citing difficulties "having to travel 250 miles to play each weekend". He died in Bunbury in 2003, having for several years represented a district team at the annual Country Week competition in Perth.
# Burlevo

Burlevo (Russian: Бурлево) is a rural locality (a village) in Ust-Alexeyevskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2002.

## Geography

Burlevo is located 64 km southeast of Veliky Ustyug (the district's administrative centre) by road. Artemovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Darchik

Darchik is a village in the Kargil district of Ladakh, primarily populated by the Brokpa people. The main language spoken here is known as Brokskat (in Ladakhi) which is part of the Dardic language of the Indo-European branch.
Darchik is one of the four villages comprising the Aryan valley (with two in Kargil district and two in Leh district).

## Geography

The village includes three hamlets: Gund (Barjay), Hordass and Sanachay.

## History

Historically, Chulichan and the adjacent regions were populated by Brokpa people — folklore maintains that they arrived at their current habitat from the Gilgit region. The Brokpa chieftains wielded autonomy in the region, pledging nominal allegiance to the Maqpon rulers of Skardu.
However, things changed in the seventeenth century when Jamyang Namgyal of Ladakh had a conflict with Ali Sher Khan Anchan of Skardu and had to accept Gurgurdho as a boundary between their territories. Consequently, Darchik integrated with Ladakh, though probably not to any substantial extent. In the early nineteenth century, as the village came under the Dogras of Jammu upon their annexation of Ladakh, it became part of Leh tehsil in the princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.
In 1947, as Jammu and Kashmir joined India, Darchik became part of the Ladakh Division. In 1979, it became a part of the newly-formed Kargil District. Local Brokpas have demanded representation to the seats reserved for minorities in the hill council. In the aftermath of the Kargil War, the Indian Army adopted Darchik as a model village under Operation Sadbhavana.

## Demography

Darchik falls in the Soudh community development block. As per the 2011 census of India, it has a population of 624 people living in 85 households.
# Oscillatory integral operator

In mathematics, in the field of harmonic analysis, an oscillatory integral operator is an integral operator of the form
    $T_{\lambda }u(x)=\int _{\mathbb {R} ^{n}}e^{i\lambda S(x,y)}a(x,y)u(y)\,dy,\qquad x\in \mathbb {R} ^{m},\quad y\in \mathbb {R} ^{n},$
where the function S(x,y) is called the phase of the operator and the function a(x,y) is called the symbol of the operator. λ is a parameter. One often considers S(x,y) to be real-valued and smooth, and a(x,y) smooth and compactly supported. Usually one is interested in the behavior of T$_λ$ for large values of λ.
Oscillatory integral operators often appear in many fields of mathematics (analysis, partial differential equations, integral geometry, number theory) and in physics. Properties of oscillatory integral operators have been studied by Elias Stein and his school.

## Hörmander's theorem

The following bound on the L$^2$ → L$^2$ action of oscillatory integral operators (or L$^2$ → L$^2$ operator norm) was obtained by Lars Hörmander in his paper on Fourier integral operators:
Assume that x,y ∈ R$^n$, n ≥ 1. Let S(x,y) be real-valued and smooth, and let a(x,y) be smooth and compactly supported. If det$_{j, k}$ ∂$^2$S/∂x$_j$∂y$_k$ (x, y)≠0{\textstyle \det _{j, k}{\frac {\partial ^{2}S}{\partial x_{j}\, \partial y_{k}}}(x, y)\neq 0} everywhere on the support of a(x,y), then there is a constant C such that T$_λ$, which is initially defined on smooth functions, extends to a continuous operator from L$^2$(R$^n$) to L$^2$(R$^n$), with the norm bounded by $C\lambda ^{-n/2}$, for every λ ≥ 1:
    $\|T_{\lambda }\|_{L^{2}(\mathbf {R} ^{n})\to L^{2}(\mathbf {R} ^{n})}\leq C\lambda ^{-n/2}.$
# Laurent Spinosi

Laurent Spinosi (born in Marseille) is a retired French goalkeeper and current coach. He was formerly goalkeeping coach of Olympique de Marseille and Ivory Coast national team.
# Jade Simmons

Jade Simmons is an American classical concert pianist who was an independent presidential candidate in 2020.

## Career

Simmons attended college at Northwestern University, and was crowned Miss Chicago and Miss Illinois in 1999. She was named first runner-up at the Miss America 2000 pageant.
In 2004, Simmons founded the Impulse Artists Series which was the 2009 winner of the Houston Press Best Non-Profit Arts Series. Simmons' first album was titled Revolutionary Rhythm, and was released in 2009. She released the single "Boss's Nova" in September 2012, and the Playing With Fire EP followed by a second full release on E1 titled #PaganiniProject in February 2013.
Time noted that in her "Decomposed" podcast, Simmons "blends history, scandal and musical analysis" and Esquire called it "a great introduction to appreciating classical music".

## Politics

Simmons ran for President of the United States in 2020 as an independent. She ran on a centrist platform, attempting to appeal to what she defined as a "muted middle" of voters. Simmons had access to 15 electors. Her running mate was Claudeliah J. Roze.
# Halorhodospira neutriphila

Halorhodospira neutriphila is a bacterium from the genus of Halorhodospira which has been isolated from a microbial mat from a marine saltern from Rhone Delta in France. The microbial mat forms at the sediment surface and is between 10 and 20 mm thick, below a fine layer (2–3 cm) of gypsum crust. The mat is composed of a red layer of purple bacteria strains below a green layer of cyanobacteria, interspersed with sulfur globules, and occasionally covered by halite deposits. These mat forming microbes live in anoxic muds and sediments and form a benthic mat in a hypersaline lagoon environment where the salinity of the water ranges from 240-320‰ of total salinity. H. neutriphila was isolated from the red layer of the microbial layer and found to be extremely halophilic and well adapted to withstand the extreme saline conditions of their modified marine habitat. The type strain was identified as strain SG 3301T.

## Phenotypic Characteristics

H. neutriphila is a phototrophic, purple bacteria with a spirilloid morphology and motile with polar flagella. This species of bacteria is gram negative and the cell size ranges (width by length) from 1-1.2 μm x 2-5 μm. H. neutriphila has a photosynthetic intracellular membrane system that consists of lamellar stacks with spirilloxanthin and BChl a as the major carotenoids.

## Optimal Growth

Optimal growth for H. neutriphila occurs with a 9-12% (w/v) NaCl presence in culture and a medium supplemented with 1mM Na$_2$S.9H$_2$0, 2mM acetate, 1mM succinate, and 0.05% yeast extract. Their metabolism is most efficient with sulfide and acetate as electron donors and CO$_2$ as the carbon source. Maximum growth occurs at a pH range of 6.8 - 7 at 30-35 °C under a light intensity of 5000 lux with a 16h:8h light to dark cycle. The growth rate for the type strain is recorded to be 0.034 h^ -1 and cell replication occurs through binary fission.

## Genetic Characteristics

The composition of DNA bases for the type strain is 74.5 mol% G+C. The 16S rDNA gene, with a partial genome length of 1357 base pairs, was used to determine the relatedness of the H. neutriphila type strain to other strains, including SG 3304 with which it shares 100% homology. The type strain was closely related to the species Rhodovibrio sodomensis with 98.8% homology and Halorhodospira halophila with 94.6% homology. The strains SG 3301T and SG 3304 were determined to be genetically, morphologically, and physiologically different enough from other species in the genus Halorhodospira to be classified as a new species; they were named Halorhodospira neutriphila sp. nov.
# Mind Games (1989 film)

Mind Games is a 1989 American thriller film directed by Bob Yari and written by Kenneth Dorward. The film stars Maxwell Caulfield, Edward Albert, Shawn Weatherly and Matt Norero. The film was released on March 3, 1989, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Plot

Rita and Dana Lund's marriage is in a crisis, Rita's frustrated from being just a housewife. To save their marriage, they set out for a camping trip through California with their son. At a camping site they meet the hitch-hiker Eric, who befriends their son. Against Rita's will, Dana takes him with them, not knowing that he's a brutal psychopath who'll force their son to participate in his nightly trips of vandalism.

## Cast

* Maxwell Caulfield as Eric Garrison
* Edward Albert as Dana Lund
* Shawn Weatherly as Rita Lund
* Matt Norero as Kevin Lund
# Wong Chun

Wong Chun (Chinese: 黃進) is a Hong Kong director and screenwriter. His feature film debut Mad World (2016) was nominated for eights awards at the 36th Hong Kong Film Awards. For the film, Wong won Best New Director at the 53rd Golden Horse Awards and 36th Hong Kong Film Awards.

## Early life

Wong studied at City University of Hong Kong. He was inspired to pursue cinema after taking a class by director Patrick Tam. He graduated from the university's School of Creative Media in 2011 with a major in film.

## Career

After graduation, he entered his short film "6th March" into the 2011 Fresh Wave Short Film Competition, where he won the "Best Script" award. The film was subsequently nominated for Best Short Film award at the 49th Golden Horse Awards in 2012.
Wong and his feature film debut Mad World (2016) was one of two winners in the Higher Education Institution Group at the inaugural First Feature Film Initiative in 2013. The other winner was Steve Chan Chi-fat's Weeds on Fire (2016). Winners were given HK$2,000,000 for the budget. but weren't allowed to obtain outside funding. Wong credits CreateHK, who organized the First Feature Film Initiative, for lining up distributors for the film. Mad World, written by Florence Chan, is about a bipolar stockbroker (Shawn Yue) who is placed in the care of his father (Eric Tsang). Wong voiced the younger brother of Shawn Yue's character. The film was nominated for numerous awards, including Best New Director wins for Wong at the 53rd Golden Horse Awards and 36th Hong Kong Film Awards.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Original Title | Director | Writer | Notes |
| 2011 | 6th March | 三月六日 | Yes | Yes | co-writer with Florence Chan; short film |
| 2013 | Good Take | | Yes | Yes | co-writer with Florence Chan; part of Streets of Macao short film anthology |
| 2016 | Mad World | 念無明 | Yes | No | |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Work | Result |
| 2016 | 53rd Golden Horse Awards | Best New Director | Mad World | Won |
| 2016 | Hong Kong Film Directors Guild Awards | Best New Director | Mad World | Won |
| 2016 | 23rd Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award | Best Director | Mad World | Won |
| 2017 | 36th Hong Kong Film Awards | Best Director | Mad World | Nominated |
| 2017 | 36th Hong Kong Film Awards | Best New Director | Mad World | Won |
| 2017 | 17th Chinese Film Media Awards | Best New Director | Mad World | Nominated |
# Troy Stockwell

Troy Stockwell (born 21 October 1967) is an Australian water polo player who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics and in the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Pemberton Tramway Company

Pemberton Tramway Company operates as a tourist railway in Pemberton in Western Australia.
The company controls the southern section of the former Northcliffe branch railway, from Lyall to Northcliffe.
Trams ran south from the old WAGR railway station at Pemberton to the Cascades. Previously, tram services operated as far as Northcliffe, and steam-hauled train services, using WAGR V class 1213, operated to Eastbrook and Lyall.
Pemberton Tramway ceased operations on 6 February 2023. Under new owners, it resumed operations in June/July 2023.
# Lionel Plumenail

Lionel Plumenail (born 22 January 1967) is a French fencer. He won a gold medal in the team foil at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Athens, together with Jean-Noël Ferrari, Brice Guyart and Patrice Lhotellier. He also won a silver medal in the individual foil at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# 10 Little Rubber Ducks

10 Little Rubber Ducks is a 2005 children's book by Eric Carle. The book, based on a factual incident, follows ten rubber ducks as they are tossed overboard and swept off in ten different directions when a storm strikes a cargo ship.

## Reception

Kirkus Book Reviews wrote: "Laura Ingalls Wilder Award–recipient and perennial favorite Carle revisits the counting-book format with his unmistakable blocky, painted collages. All of his well-known components are present: a list of animals—many of them recognizable from earlier works—repeated words and phrases, bright friendly art on lots of white background, and a noisemaker at the end" and "While not Carle’s best work, it still has those saturated colors that have such appeal."
# Haloechinothrix alba

Haloechinothrix alba is a halophilic bacterium from the genus Haloechinothrix which has been isolated from soil from the Qijiaojing Lake in Xinjiang, China.
# Roy Chow

Roy Chow Hin-yeung (Chinese: 周顯揚; born 8 October 1978) is a Hong Kong filmmaker. Best known for directing films included Murderer (2009), Nightfall (2012), Rise of the Legend (2014) and Dynasty Warriors (2021), he often collaborated with screenwriter and film producer Christine To, who later known as his wife.
With his film Nightfall, he won Best New Director category at the 32nd Hong Kong Film Awards in 2013, as well as previously nominated the same category for his film Murderer in 2010.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Credit(s) | Credit(s) | Credit(s) | Note(s) |
| Year | Film | Director | Screenwriter | Producer | Note(s) |
| 2001 | Lai Man-wai: Father of Hong Kong Cinema | No | No | No | Editor Documentary film |
| 2009 | Murderer | Yes | No | No | |
| 2012 | Nightfall | Yes | Story | No | |
| 2014 | Rise of the Legend | Yes | No | No | |
| 2019 | The Great Detective | Yes | No | Yes | |
| 2020 | Knockout | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2021 | Dynasty Warriors | Yes | No | Yes | Cameo Cantonese dubbed for the role Liu Bei |
# Vern Bowrey

Vernon Arthur Bowrey (born 20 August 1948) is an Australian former representative rowing coxswain. He was a national champion and an Olympian, competing in the men's coxed four event at the 1972 Munich Olympics.

## Club and state rowing

Bowrey was introduced to rowing at Newington College which he attended from 1960 until 1965. His senior club rowing was from the Haberfield Rowing Club.
He first made state selection for New South Wales in the 1968 women's lightweight four which raced for the Victoria Cup at the Interstate Regatta within the Australian Rowing Championships. In 1973 he again coxed the NSW women's lightweight four, this time to a title win in the Victoria Cup. In 1974 he steered a NSW men's lightweight four contesting the Penrith Cup at the Interstate Regatta.
At the 1972 Australian Rowing Championships Bowery was in the stern of a composite Haberfield four which took the men's coxed four national title, qualifying all crew members for the Australian Olympic squad.

## International representative rowing

Bowery and his Haberfield bow pair teammates John Lee and Philip Wilkinson from the national champion coxed four of 1972 were selected as the Australian 4+ for Munich 1972. Drummoyne's Brian Denny was also selected at stroke but tragically was electrocuted in a work accident in the Olympic lead-up. Monash University's Will Baillieu and West Australian Peter Shakespear came into the Olympic four. The finished in overall thirteenth place.

## Business career

Bowery worked in magazine publishing and was publisher at Time Magazine Australia from 1990 to 2003.
# Samora Machel Constituency

Samora Machel Constituency (formerly known as Wanaheda Constituency) is a constituency in Windhoek in the Khomas Region of central Namibia. The constituency is located across four northern suburbs of Windhoek: Wanaheda, Greenwell Matongo, Goreangab, and part of Havana. It had a population of 50,110 in 2011, up from 29,382 in 2001. As of 2020 it had 45,962 registered voters.
Most of the residents of this constituency are formally unemployed and derive their income from informal employment and small enterprises like shebeens and car washes. The impact of HIV/AIDS is high.

## Name change

The area which made up the constituency was named Wanaheda during colonial times, an acronym for 'Wambos, Namas, Hereros and Damaras', the four peoples that were allowed to live here. In 2003, following governmental and public recommendations, the constituency was renamed in honour of Mozambican President Samora Machel. The suburb itself still carries the old name.

## Politics

Wanaheda is traditionally a stronghold of the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) party. The 2004 regional election was won by John Ya Otto Nankudhu (SWAPO) with 8,370 votes of the 10,105 votes cast. Runners-up were Victoria Gawanas of the United Democratic Front (UDF, 594 votes), Fransiska Hipondoka of the Congress of Democrats (CoD, 475 votes), Gabriel Rukero of the National Unity Democratic Organisation (NUDO, 380 votes), and Adolf Kaurimuje of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA, 201 votes).
The 2015 regional election were also won by SWAPO whose Fanuel San Shivute gained 8,774 votes. Tuyenikelao Kanyiki of the Rally for Democracy and Progress (RDP) finished distant second with 1,078 votes. The SWAPO candidate also won the 2020 regional election, albeit by a much smaller margin. Nestor Kalola received 4,802 votes. Erastus Kupololo of the Independent Patriots for Change (IPC), an opposition party formed in August 2020, came second with 3,402 votes.
# John Hahn (golfer)

John Hahn (born February 6, 1989) is an American professional golfer who previously competed on the European Tour. He now works for Goldman Sachs in West Palm Beach, Florida.

## Amateur career

Hahn played college golf at Kent State University where he was a three-time All-American and two-time Academic All-American. He also won the 2009 Western Amateur.

## Professional career

Hahn qualified for the 2013 U.S. Open, in which he missed the cut.
Hahn earned his 2014 European Tour via qualifying school. After finishing 120th in the Race to Dubai, he had to re-qualify again in 2014. In the fourth round of a six-round qualifying school tournament, Hahn became one of four golfers in history to shoot a round of 58 in a professional tournament. Hahn's 58 came on the Tour Course at the PGA Catalunya Resort. The following day, Hahn shot a 78 at the nearby Stadium Course, taking him out of contention for the tournament. He finished the tournament in 50th place at 2-under-par. His best professional finish is third, which he achieved at the 2014 Africa Open.

## Amateur wins

* 2009 Towson University Invitational, Mid-American Conference Championship, Western Amateur
* 2010 Mid-American Conference Championship (tie), The Gopher Invitational
* 2011 Annual Louisiana Classics, Fireline Towson Invitational, Robert Kepler Intercollegiate (tie)
Source:

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 2013 |
| Masters Tournament | |
| U.S. Open | CUT |
| The Open Championship | |
| PGA Championship | |
CUT = missed the half-way cut
# Pseudofulvimonas

Pseudofulvimonas is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped genus of Pseudomonadota with one known species (Pseudofulvimonas gallinarii). Pseudofulvimonas gallinarii has been isolated from air from a duck barn.
# Sierra Springs

Sierra Springs is a brand of spring water owned by Primo Water. The company began in 1950 in Sacramento, California, but has since branched out to the U.S. west coast and as far east as Texas. Most of its operations are in Oregon.
Sierra Springs water was the only brand of bottled water consumed by Adrian Monk (from the television series Monk), during the first five seasons of the series. In later episodes Monk changed to the fictitious brand Summit Creek.