OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mehdi Bagheri

Mehdi Bagheri (Persian: مهدی باقری), (born 16 November 1980), is an Iranian kamancheh player and composer.

## Biography

Mehdi was born in Kermanshah in 1980. He began his musical endeavors by learning to play the Tonbak instructed by Ramin Tafazoli. He then started learning other instruments in order to familiarize himself even further with Iranian music and composing. These included the Setar and Kamancheh; he finally chose Kamancheh as his main instrument. He learned to play the Kamancheh by Maestros Kayhan Kalhor and Ardeshir Kamkar. Simultaneously, he studied Drama at Azad University and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 2003. Mehdi has held several concerts across the world and has performed in a variety of credible festivals and halls including:

## Festivals and Concerts

* Berklee College of Music (Boston- United States)
* Oslo Word Music Festival (Oslo - Norway)
* Morgenland Festival Osnabrück (East Music Festival in Osnabrueck, Germany)
* Kursaal Festival (San Sebastián- Spain)
* Théâtre de la Ville(Paris - France)
* Michigan Festival of Sacred Music (Michigan - United States)
* Opéra de Lille (Lille - France)
* Marc Bloch University (Strasbourg- France)
* Joint concert with the Berlin Radio Choir (Rundfunkchor Berlin) and performances of his works in the RBB Hall (Germany)
* Erciyes University (Turkey)
* EFRI University (France)
* Ford's Theatre (Los Angeles - United States)
* Smithsonian Institution (Washington DC - United States)
* Palace of Fine Arts (San Francisco - United States)
* Columbia University (New York City - United States)
* ¡Globalquerque! (New Mexico - United States)
* Festival Polignac (Guidel, France)
* Southbank Centre (London - UK)
* Montana Folk Festivals (Montana - United States) ...

## Works

In Iran and abroad, Mehdi has been dynamically pursuing his work in different fields such as music in film, eclectic music and Iranian classical music. He has also published a variety of works with a great many number of singers and musicians. Amongst all, his most important works include recording and publishing the radif (the old melodic figures preserved through many generations by oral tradition) by Maestro Ali-Akbar Shahnazi; solo and group pieces for Kamanche, and more.
* Recordings radif Ali-Akbar Shahnazi
* In The Faraway Clouds
* Kamancheh Ensemble
* Assassin's Creed Mirage game music
# Homelessness of Jesus

The gospels suggest that Jesus lacked a permanent home during the period of public ministry that occupied his last years. He left the economic security he had as an artisan and the reciprocity he had with his family and wandered Judaea depending on charity. Many of the people on whom he depended for charity were women. Because his ministry took place in the vicinity of his disciples' hometowns, it is likely that the group often slept at the homes of the disciples' family members.

## Scriptural analysis

Of the Four Evangelists, Luke emphasizes Jesus' homelessness the most. Matthew 8:20 and Luke 9:58 both record a statement by Jesus in which he describes his homelessness by saying that "foxes have holes and the birds of the air have nests, but the son of man has nowhere to lay his head". The implication is that the scribe who has just offered to become a follower of Jesus should also expect the same. Theologian John Gill noted a parallel between this saying and the Jews' expectation of the Messiah: "if he (the Messiah) should come, 'there's no place in which he can sit down'.

## Interpretation

Sophiologists interpreted Jesus' homelessness as the homelessness of Sophia. New Monastic writer Shane Claiborne refers to Jesus as "the homeless rabbi". Catholic theologian Rosemary Radford Ruether discusses Jesus' homelessness in relation to the concept of kenosis, the voluntary renunciation of power in order to submit to the will of God. In a book length study on the Gospel of Matthew, Robert J. Myles has argued that the homelessness of Jesus is often romanticized in biblical interpretation in a way that obscures the destitution and lack of agency that would have likely accompanied the situation.

### Representation in Art and Literature
#### Contemporary Art

Canadian sculptor Tim Schmalz created Jesus the Homeless, a 2013 bronze sculpture of Jesus lying on a park bench covered in a blanket with his wounded feet protruding.

#### Contemporary Literature

Books addressing this issue are following:
* The Homeless Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew. A provocative look at the Gospel of Matthew that explores the dysfunction between Jesus and the homeless.
* Jesus Among the Homeless. A book that identifies the problem of homelessness and applies strategies based on scriptural principles as a solution.
* Meeting Homeless Jesus: A Journey From Believing to Knowing. A collection of true stories with a message about the Christian faith.
# The Counterfeiters (1948 film)

The Counterfeiters is a 1948 American crime film directed by Sam Newfield and written by Fred Myton and Barbara Worth. The film stars John Sutton, Doris Merrick, Hugh Beaumont, Lon Chaney Jr., George O'Hanlon and Robert Kent. The film was released on May 28, 1948, by 20th Century Fox.

## Cast

* John Sutton as Inspector Jeff MacAllister
* Doris Merrick as Margo Talbot
* Hugh Beaumont as Philip Drake
* Lon Chaney Jr. as Louie Struber
* George O'Hanlon as Frankie Dodge
* Robert Kent as Tony Richards
* Herbert Rawlinson as Norman Talbot
* Pierre Watkin as Carter
* Don C. Harvey as Dan Taggart
* Fred Coby as Piper
* Joi Lansing as Caroline
* Scott Brady as Jerry McGee
# The Court Concert (1948 film)

The Court Concert (German: Das kleine Hofkonzert) is a 1948 German musical comedy film written and directed by Paul Verhoeven and starring Elfie Mayerhofer, Hans Nielsen and Erich Ponto. In the United States it was released as Palace Scandal.
It is based on the 1935 musical comedy The Court Concert (music: Edmund Nick) which Verhoeven had co-written. A previous film version was made in 1936 and directed by Douglas Sirk. The remake was shot using agfacolor. Both productions are in the tradition of operetta films.
It was produced by the major studio Tobis Film during 1944, but was not given a formal release until 1948 in Sweden and then East and West Germany the following year.
The art director Otto Erdmann worked on the film's sets. Location shooting took place in Bavaria.

## Cast

* Elfie Mayerhofer as Christine Holm
* Hans Nielsen as Leutnant Walter von Arneck
* Erich Ponto as Serenissimus
* Hans Leibelt as Hofmarschall von Arneck
* Harald Paulsen as Kommissionsrat Zunder
* Paul Henckels as Emil Knirps, Poet
* Josef Eichheim as Möhrchen
* Otto Stoeckel
* Hans Hermann Schaufuß as Hofkapellmeister
* Victor Janson
* Albert Florath as Oberst Flumms
* Walter Klam
* Erwin Biegel as Pfarrer
* Valy Arnheim
* Walter Bechmann
* Otto Braml
* Egon Brosig
* Peter Busse
* Fanny Cotta
* Karl Dannemann
* Gertrud de Lalsky
* Karl Deppen
* Erich Dunskus
* Else Ehser
* Olga Engl
* Karl Etlinger
* Adolf Fischer
* Hildegard Grethe
* Bruno Harprecht
* Knut Hartwig
* Helmuth Helsig
* Julius E. Hermann
* Käthe Jöken-König
* Olga Limburg
* Alfred Maack
* Friedrich Maurer [de]
* Hadrian Maria Netto
* Friedrich Petermann
* Paul Rehkopf
* Josef Reithofer
* Just Scheu
* Karl Ludwig Schreiber
* Alfred Stein
* Werner Stock
* Toni Tetzlaff
* Otz Tollen
* Heinrich Troxbömker
* Petra Unkel
* Hubert von Meyerinck
* Kurt von Ruffin
* Borwin Walth
* Paul Westermeier
* Anneliese Würtz
# Suero de Quiñones

Suero de Quiñones (c. 1409 – 11 July 1456), called El del Passo ("he of the pass"), was a Leonese knight, nobleman, and author in the Kingdom of León (then part of the Crown of Castile). He gained fame for his Paso Honroso, a pas d'armes (passage of arms), at the Órbigo River in 1434.

## Early life

Suero was born in 1409 in the Kingdom of León, the second of ten children of wealthy Leonese landowner and scion of the Casa de Quiñones [es] Diego Fernández de Quiñones I [es], who was also known as El Afortunado (The Fortunate One), and his wife María de Toledo.
By the 1420s, Suero and his elder brother Pedro de Quiñones [es] were active participants in Castilian political life as members of the court of Constable of Castile Álvaro de Luna.

## Adulthood

In 1431, Suero participated in Battle of La Higueruela, during which the forces of John II of Castile, led by Álvaro de Luna, attempted to take Granada as part of the Spanish Reconquista.

### Paso Honoroso

Suero's renown grew in 1434, when he established the Paso Honoroso [es], a pas d'armes (passage of arms), at the Hospital de Órbigo over the Órbigo River in 1434. From July 10 to August 9, Suero and ten companions encamped in a field beside the bridge over the Órbigo River, in the northwest of Castile. They challenged each knight who wished to cross the bridge to a joust. This road was on the Camino de Santiago, a pilgrimage route leading to the shrine to Saint James the Great at Santiago de Compostela. At this point in the summer, thousands of pilgrims from across Europe would cross the bridge. Suero and his men swore to "break 300 lances" before moving from the spot. After 166 battles, Suero and his men were so injured they could not continue and declared the mission complete.
Town notary Don Luis Alonso Luengo kept a detailed first-hand chronicle of the events, later published as Libro del Passo honroso ("Book of the Passage of Honor"), bringing Suero and his men even wider fame in Europe.

### Later years

In 1449, to avoid paying off a debt to a Jewish lender, Suero reportedly rallied the Christian population of León against the city's Jews, inspired by the claim that the Jews were collectively responsible for Jesus's death. On Maundy Thursday and Good Friday, Suero and his companions attacked the Jewish quarter and killed many Jews, including the lender to whom Suero owed money. To celebrate the pogrom, Suero and his supporters drank wine. According to Margarita Torres, this incident may be the root of the matar judíos tradition in Spain, whereby revelers drink Leonese lemonade during Holy Week.

## Legacy

Suero became legendary in Spanish history and was mentioned by protagonist Don Quixote de la Mancha in the legendary 1605 Spanish novel Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes.
# José Félix Villarreal

José Félix Villarreal (1956 - 5 May 2022) was a Mexican chess International Master (IM) (1980), Chess Olympiad individual gold medal winner (1980).

## Biography

In 1974, José Félix Villarreal won Mexican Junior Chess Championship. In 1975, in Buenos Aires he won silver medal in Pan American Junior Chess Championship. He two times participated in World Junior Chess Championships (1973, 1975).
José Félix Villarreal played for Mexico in the Chess Olympiads:
* In 1978, at third board in the 23rd Chess Olympiad in Buenos Aires (+2, =1, -3),
* In 1980, at third board in the 24th Chess Olympiad in La Valletta (+7, =4, -0) and won individual gold medal,
* In 1982, at third board in the 25th Chess Olympiad in Lucerne (+5, =1, -6),
* In 1994, at first reserve board in the 31st Chess Olympiad in Moscow (+1, =1, -3),
* In 2000, at first reserve board in the 34th Chess Olympiad in Istanbul (+1, =2, -1).
José Félix Villarreal played for Mexico in the World Student Team Chess Championship:
* In 1977, at second board in the 22nd World Student Team Chess Championship in Mexico City (+1, =5, -5).
José Félix Villarreal played for Mexico in the World Youth U26 Team Chess Championship:
* In 1978, at second board in the 1st World Youth U26 Team Chess Championship in Mexico City (+3, =3, -4).
In 1980, José Félix Villarreal was awarded the FIDE International Master (IM) title. By profession he was construction engineer. Since 1983, José Félix Villarreal had been playing chess tournaments irregularly. He worked in the Mexican Chess Federation.
He died on 5 May 2022, after being shot in an attack on 16 March in Tijuana, where armed assailants entered the home of Patricia Susana Rivera, lawyer, human rights advocate and partner of José Félix Villarreal. Rivera was killed on the scene.
# Javier Ocaña

Javier Ocaña (born 1971) is a Spanish film critic.

## Life and career

Ocaña was born in 1971 in Martos, province of Jaén. He earned a licentiate degree in law from the University of Granada and a master's degree in journalism from the Autonomous University of Madrid. He began working as a film critic for El País in 2003. He also published in Cinemanía, Actúa, and Gentleman. He is also a recurring collaborator in radio program Hoy por hoy and television show Historia de nuestro cine [es]. He won the CEC Medal to the literary and journalistic merit in 2022.

## Works

* — (2003). La vida a través del cine. Punto de Lectura.
* — (2021). De Blancanieves a Kurosawa: La aventura de ver cine con los hijos. Barcelona: Península.
# Franziska Brandmann

Franziska Brandmann (born 28 April 1994 in Münster) is a German politician and member of the Free Democratic Party (FDP). She has been the federal chairwoman of the FDP-affiliated youth organization Young Liberals (Junge Liberale) since 2021.

## Education

Brandmann studied political science at the University of Bonn and European politics at the University of Oxford. Currently, Brandmann is pursuing a PhD and teaching at Oxford on the relationship between contestable democracy and far-right parties.

## Political career

Brandmann was elected at the federal congress of the Young Liberals on November 13, 2021, in Erlangen with 182 of 197 votes cast (92.4%) as the federal chairwoman of the Young Liberals. The previous chairman, Jens Teutrine, had not stood for re-election, having been elected to the Bundestag.

## Positions

Franziska Brandmann advocates for market economy and civil liberties. She calls for a "BAföG" reform to support students with financial difficulties, for lower taxes for medium and low incomes, as well as for enhanced support for Ukraine. Also, she argued for a reform of public broadcasting in Germany: The broadcasters should concentrate only on education and information, instead on entertainment and sports. She opposes mandatory quotas for women, a general speed limit at German Autobahnen, civil conscription, and further raising the minimum wage.
# Great Basin Province

The Great Basin Province may refer to:
* The Great Basin, a region of the Western United States where rivers do not flow to the sea;
* The Basin and Range Province, a geological province that overlaps with the Great Basin, characterized by alternating mountains and valleys;
* The Great Basin floristic province, a region of the Western United States defined by botanist Armen Takhtajan due to its commonality of flora;
* The Great Basin Desert, another ecological region that is a subset of the Great Basin;
# Monod

Monod is a surname of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adolphe Monod (1802–1856), French Protestant churchman; brother of Frédéric Monod.
* Frédéric Monod (1794–1863), French Protestant pastor.
* Gabriel Monod (1844-1912), French historian
* Henri Monod (1843-1911), son of Frédéric Monod.
* Jacques Monod (1910–1976), French biologist and winner of the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
* Jacques-Louis Monod (b. 1927), French musician.
* Jérôme Monod (1930-2016), French business executive and political advisor.
* Nicolas Monod, Swiss mathematician.
* Théodore Monod (1836–1921), French Protestant pastor and hymn writer; son of Frédéric Monod.
* Théodore André Monod (1902–2000), French naturalist, explorer, and humanist scholar; son of Théodore Monod.
* Wilfred Monod (1867-1943) French Protestant theologian.
# Patrick Cahuzac

Patrick Cahuzac (born 1963 in Strasbourg, Bas-Rhin) is a French writer and editor.
Cahuzac published his first novel, Parole de singe, in 1990, in the series Le Chemin, established Georges Lambrichs, at éditions Gallimard. The book won the prix Fénéon for literature and an incentive award from the Centre national du livre.
In 1991, the author was a resident of the Villa Médicis in Rome. In 1993, he joined Gallimard as a member of the reading committee. He remained there until 1999, while advising Isabelle Gallimard, director of the Mercure de France, during the year 1997.
His second novel, L'Énergumène, was published by Gallimard in 1996. The author then spent several months in Japan (winner of the Villa Kujoyama, Kyoto, for his second novel).
On his return to France, in 1999, he founded the multimedia center of literary creation Inventaire/Invention [fr] within the Métafort d'Aubervilliers set up by Jack Ralite. Cahuzac was responsible for the editorial direction of this pioneering structure in the field of multimedia literature. He published more than a hundred contemporary authors, including François Bon, Albane Gellé, Emmanuel Adely, Tanguy Viel, Liliane Giraudon, and Arno Calleja.
In 2009, the activity of Inventaire/Invention, which went into judicial liquidation, ceased. Patrick Cahuzac then opened a bookshop in Saumur.

## Works

* 1990: Parole de singe, novel, Gallimard, prix Fénéon 1990
* 1996: L'énergumène, novel, Gallimard
* 1999: Le Désert de Brest, narrative, in Onze, Grasset/Les Inrockuptibles
* 2003: Résistance, 61 messages personnels présentés par…, Inventaire/Invention
# Guy I of Spoleto

Guy I (died 860) was the Duke of Spoleto from 842. He was the son of Lambert I of Nantes and Adelaide of Lombardy, the eldest daughter of Pepin of Italy. He travelled with his father in 834 in the entourage of Lothair I. He was given the abbey of Mettlach, Lotharingia in 840, when the Emperor Louis the Pious died.
Guy married Ida (Itta, Ita or Itana), daughter of Sico of Benevento. Their sons were Lambert I and Guy III. In 843, he interfered in the Beneventan civil war on the side of his brother-in-law Siconulf. He acted as arbiter several times for high fees, but only Lothair's successor, the Emperor Louis II, could end the strife. In 846, he alone succeeded in driving the Saracens out of Latium after their sack of Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome.
In 858, he supported Adhemar of Salerno against the pretended Count of Capua, Lando I. By his intervention he secured the Liri Valley, southern Lazio, with Sora and Arpino taken from the count's brother Landenulf of Teano.
# Taxis of Macau

Taxicabs of Macau are a key part of public transport in Macau. There are approximately 700 cabs registered in Macau.

## History

Due to concerns with the lack of sufficient taxis available, it was reported in 2023 that 500 taxis were being made available over the next eight years.

## Types

There are two types of taxicabs in Macau, easily recognizable by their color patterns. They are:
* Black Cab, probably the oldest in Macau and judged by some to be the most comfortable.
* Macau Radio Taxi Service, founded in 2015, focuses on immediate and advanced Taxi reservation through call center, mobile application and official website.

## Known companies
### Defunct

* Yellow Cab, founded in 1989, was known for drivers who drive faster than their counterparts in the black cabs. The government sent an ultimatum in 2014 to operator Vang Iek Radio Taxi to change their service to dial hire format or cease legal operation on November 6.

## Fuel used

About 85% of all taxis in Macau run on LPG, while the remaining 15% run on diesel
# Fire striker

A fire striker is a piece of carbon steel from which sparks are struck by the sharp edge of flint, chert or similar rock. It is a specific tool used in fire making.

## History

Before the invention of matches, percussion fire making was often used to start fires. Before the advent of steel, a variety of iron pyrite or marcasite was used with flint and other stones to produce a high-temperature spark that could be used to create fire. There are indications that the Iceman, also known as Ötzi, may have used iron pyrite to make fire.
From the Iron Age forward, until the invention of the friction match in the early 1800s by John Walker, the use of flint and steel was a common method of fire lighting. Percussion fire-starting was prevalent in Europe during ancient times, the Middle Ages and the Viking Age.
When flint and steel were used, the fire steel was often kept in a metal tinderbox together with flint and tinder. In Tibet and Mongolia, they were instead carried in a leather pouch called a chuckmuck.
In Japan, percussion fire making was performed using agate or even quartz. It was also used as a ritual to bring good luck or ward off evil. Ninjas used an Uchitake (打竹).

## Uses

The type and hardness of steel used is important. High carbon steels (1060, W1, tool steels, etc.) generate sparks easily. Iron and alloys (like stainless steel, 5160, etc.) are more difficult and generate fewer sparks. The steel must be hardened but softer than the flint-like material striking off the spark. Old files, leaf and coil springs, and rusty gardening tools are often repurposed as strikers.
Besides flint, other hard, non-porous rocks that can take a sharp edge can be used, such as chert, quartz, agate, jasper or chalcedony.
The sharp edge of the flint is used to violently strike the fire steel at an acute angle in order to cleave or shave off small particles of metal. The pyrophoricity of the steel results in the shavings oxidising in the air. The molten, oxidising sparks then ignite tinder. The tinder is best held next to the flint while the steel striker is quickly slid down against the flint, casting sparks into the tinder. Char cloth or amadou ("tinder fungus") is often used to catch the low-temperature sparks, which can then can be brought to other, heavier tinder and blown into flame.
# Yarankash

Yarankash (or Yaranqash) (died 1146) was a Frankish slave who assassinated his owner Zengi, the atabeg of Aleppo. According to Damascene chronicler Ibn al-Qalanisi:
   Frankish slave Yarankash plotted assassination in September 1146, after the Imad al-Din Zengi drunkenly threatened him with punishment for drinking from his goblet.
   ... one of [Zengi's] attendants, for whom he had a special affection and in whose company he delighted... who nursed a secret grudge against him on account of some injury previously done to him by the Atabeg, had, on finding an opportunity when he was off his guard in his drunkenness, and with the connivance and assistance of certain of his comrades amongst the attendants, assassinated him in his sleep on the eve of Sunday, 6th Second Rabi' (night of Saturday, 14 September).
Yaranqash stabbed the atabeg numerous times and then fled to the fortress of Qal'at Ja'bar, and then from there to Damascus, "in the confident belief that he would be secure there, openly putting forward his action as a claim to consideration, and imagining that he would be made welcome." The governor, Mu'in ad-Din Unur, instead had him arrested and sent him to Zengi's son Nur al-Din in Aleppo. Nur al-Din sent him along to his brother Sayf al-Din Ghazi I in Mosul, who had him executed.

## Sources

* ↑ Maalouf, Crusades Through Arab Eyes, p. 138
* Steven Runciman, A History of the Crusades, Vol. II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge University Press, 1952.
* The Damascus Chronicle of the Crusades, Extracted and Translated from the Chronicle of Ibn al-Qalanisi. H.A.R. Gibb, 1932 (reprint, Dover Publications, 2002).