OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Francisco Cea Bermúdez

Francisco de Paula de Cea Bermúdez y Buzo (28 October 1779, in Málaga – 6 July 1850, in Paris) was a Spanish politician and diplomat who served twice as Prime Minister of Spain during the final decade of Ferdinand VII's reign. The First Carlist War broke our during his second premiership.

## Biography

A successful businessman, he was sent in 1810 by the Cadiz Cortes to Russia, to forge an alliance against Napoleon. After the War, he was Ambassador in Constantinople (1820–1823) and London (1824). In that year he became Prime Minister for the first time, but was dominated by Francisco Calomarde, the real leader of the Cabinet. When the cabinet fell in October 1825, he became again Ambassador in Dresden (1825–1827) and London (1827–1832).
On 1 October 1832, he was recalled to become Prime Minister again, in the turbulent years when Ferdinand VII of Spain died, and the Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 came into effect, leading to the First Carlist War. He was also the architect of the 1833 territorial division of Spain.
He was deposed in January 1834 and emigrated to Paris, where he died in 1850.
However, their "third way" proved impracticable. After the Manifesto of Santarem, in which the prince Carlos María Isidro proclaimed himself king of Spain, the royalists opted to take up arms. When the First Carlist War began, Cea's offers failed to attract the liberals, who insisted on constitutional modifications. Finally, the latter, in their more moderate version, obtained the support of some courtiers (among them Miraflores), of captains general (Llauder, Quesada, Fernández de Córdova) and of the French and British embassies: Cea was replaced by the moderate liberal Francisco Martínez de la Rosa (January 15, 1834).

## Sources

* ↑ "The Correspondence of William Henry Fox Talbot". De Montfort University. Retrieved 2 February 2024. Francisco Cea Bermudez (1772–1850), diplomat and liberal politician, prime minister of Spain twice, under Fernando VII and again under Maria Cristina de Habsburgo.
# José María Peña San Martín

José María Peña San Martín (1937 – 23 July 2024) was a Spanish economist and politician. He was mayor of Burgos in Castile and León from 1979 to 1992, the longest service in that office. After being disqualified from office due to a corruption conviction, he returned to Burgos City Council from 2003 to 2011.

## Biography

Born in La Nuez de Abajo [es] in the Province of Burgos, Peña became the manager of the Industrial Promotion Pole in 1967 and an advisor to the Local Credit Bank of Spain from 1986 to 1990. A graduate in economic sciences from the Complutense University of Madrid, Peña was appointed to the former position in the latter years of Francoist Spain, when most government appointees were law graduates.
In the 1979 Spanish local elections, the first democratic elections since the Spanish transition to democracy, Peña led the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) list in Burgos. He was elected for a second term as mayor in 1983, leading the People's Alliance (AP). In 1987, he won a third term as an independent leading the People's Party (PP) list under the name Solución Independiente (SI).
In 1992, Peña was disqualified from public office; he was the first mayor of a provincial capital to receive a criminal conviction, for corruption in construction. He then worked as an economist in Madrid. He was pardoned in 2001 by the PP government of prime minister of Spain José María Aznar and ran for election in Burgos again as part of an SI list, leaving politics in 2011.
Peña and his wife María Pilar had two sons and two daughters. One of their sons, Ignacio, was elected to Burgos City Council for Vox. Peña died on 23 July 2024, at the age of 83.
# Francisco Javier León de la Riva

Francisco Javier León de la Riva (born 15 November 1945) is a Spanish politician and doctor. He was a member of the People's Alliance (AP) from 1982 to 1989, and the People's Party (PP) since 1989. He was the mayor of Valladolid from 1995 to 2015, and vice president of Caja Duero from 1996 to 2008. He was a member of the Cortes of Castile and León from 1987 to 1999, where he was the PP spokesperson.

## Biography

Born in Valladolid, León de la Riva studied at the University of Valladolid, where he received a doctorate in medicine, and became a gynecologist. He left gynecology in 1987.
In May 2015, days after losing his seat as mayor after 20 years, León de la Riva was disqualified from public office for 13 months for disobeying court orders. For five years, he had not followed court orders to restore legality to the Caja Duero building, which had numerous planning irregularities.
In mid-2021, León de la Riva suffered a health emergency. In November that year, he returned to the public, on a weekly radio show on Cadena COPE in Valladolid.
# Fernando Fernández de Córdova

Don Fernando Fernández de Córdova y Valcárcel, 2nd Marquess of Mendigorría (2 September 1809, in Buenos Aires – 30 October 1883, in Madrid), was a Spanish military, politician, and Prime minister of Spain for one day.

## Biography

Born into a military family as the son of José de Córdoba y Rojas, he and his brother Luis fought in the First Carlist War on the side of Isabelinos. He belonged to the Partido Moderado.
In 1848, he became Lieutenant General and as Captain General of Catalonia during the Second Carlist War, he put down the isolated rebel cells in that region by early 1849.
In May 1849 he was sent to Italy to help to protect Pope Pius IX against the Italian Revolution of 1848. He led a force of 4,000 Spanish soldiers, who were deployed in Gaeta and placed at the Pope's disposition. This marked the Spanish Army's first expeditionary venture into Italy since the War of the Austrian Succession a hundred years prior. Spanish columns secured the region and assisted the French in their operations at Itri.
He became War Minister and was even Prime Minister for one day (18 July 1854) in full political crisis, which ended when Baldomero Espartero became head of the "progressive Biennium" of 1854–1856.
Fernando had always supported Queen Isabella II of Spain, but backed the Revolution of 1868 against the Crown, and joined the Radical Democratic Party.
In 1872, under King Amadeo I of Spain, he became acting Prime Minister between 13 June and 16 June, before retiring completely from political life in 1873.
# Geneviève Gosselin

Geneviève-Adélaïde Gosselin (1791 – 1818) was a French ballet dancer known for being the first dancer en pointe.

## Biography
### Early life

Geneviève Gosselin was the daughter of a ballet master and was also the eldest sister of three other famous ballerinas of Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris. Her sister Constance Gosselin was the wife of the dancer Auguste-Anatole Petit. Another sibling, Louis-François Gosselin, was a premier dancer in London and Paris and her other sister, Henriette Gosselin, danced with the Paris Opera from 1821 to 1830.

### Ballet career

Geneviève studied under Jean-François Coulon, who was one of the most renowned teachers in Europe at the time. He became professor of the "classe de perfectionnement" at the Opéra de Paris in 1807 and also helped in the production of pointe shoes after 1810. Gosselin joined the Opéra de Paris in 1806 at the age of fifteen. She had excellent technique and was the first dancer to develop the art of being en pointe in 1813. Julien Louis Geoffroy initially championed Gosselin, among other young performers, but considered public enthusiasm overblown.
In 1815, she was cast as the heroine in Flore et Zéphire, one of the first romantic ballets of the time. The ballet was choreographed by Charles Didelot, the chief choreographer of the Russian Imperial Ballet. Didelot had created a "flying machine", instituting the use of cables and wires to give the appearance of weightlessness. Because of his invention, Geneviève Gosselin could perform in pointe shoes. This was the first appearance of dancers en pointe. Gosselin was only able to balance for brief moments on the pointe shoes (although one critic says that she balanced for one minute). Maurice Brillant [fr] and John Chapman noted the significance of Gosselin as Marie Taglioni's predecessor. Gosselin withdrew from the stage in 1816, coinciding with the retirement of Auguste Vestris. Geneviève Gosselin died at the age of 27 in 1818, three years after her appearance en pointe.
   Her astonishing flexibility of limb and her muscular power, which allowed her to remain suspended for a minute or two on the extreme tips of her feet. The lightness of her choreographic evolutions, the elegance of her stature, and finally that prodigious facility to accomplish difficulties with that air of abandon, naturalness and softness which was the triumph of art, and within art disappeared entirely.
# Kryan Johnson

Kryan Johnson (born 23 March 1994) was a professional rugby league footballer who last played as a wing for Oldham in the Championship.
Johnson started playing rugby with Lock Lane when he was seven. He joined Featherstone on a junior scholarship when he was 13 but also played for Castleford Panthers until he was 16 when he signed exclusively with Featherstone. He also spent time on loan at the Hunslet Hawks in Kingstone Press League 1. In October 2017 he joined Oldham on a one-year deal.
# Wilhelm Fabry

Wilhelm Fabry (also William Fabry, Guilelmus Fabricius Hildanus, or Fabricius von Hilden) (25 June 1560 − 15 February 1634), often called the "Father of German surgery", was the first educated and scientific German surgeon. He is one of the most prominent scholars in the iatromechanics school and author of 20 medical books. His Observationum et Curationum Chirurgicarum Centuriae, published posthumously in 1641, is the best collection of case records of the century and gives clear insight into the variety and methods of his surgical practice. He developed novel surgical techniques and new surgical instruments. He also wrote a notable treatise on burns.
Fabry was born in Hilden. In 1579, he became Badergeselle ('surgeon's mate') in Düsseldorf of the extraordinary court surgeon Cosmas Slot.
He developed a device for operating eye tumours. On 25 July 1587, he married Marie Colinet (or Fabry), daughter of Eustache Colinet, a Genevese printer. She was a Swiss midwife–surgeon who improved the techniques of cesarean section delivery. She helped her husband in his surgical practice and was the first (in 1624) to use a magnet to extract metal from a patient's eye (a technique still in use today). Fabry wrote a detailed description of the procedure in his Centuriae and, although he explicitly mentioned his wife as having invented it, was given credit for the discovery.
From 1602 to 1615, Fabry was a city surgeon in Payerne, Switzerland, and Lausanne. He was then made city surgeon (Stadtarzt) of Bern by appointment of the city council, a role he held until the year of his death.
The city of Bern, where he died, named a street after him (Hildanusstrasse), using one of the Latin versions of his name.
His birth town named the city museum (featuring surgical instruments and the like) after him, honoured him with a bronze bust in the market place, and named streets after himself and after his wife.

## Works

* De Dysenteria : Liber unus: In quo hujus Morbi Causae, Signa, Prognostica, & Praeservatio continentur: Item, quomodo Symptomata, quae huic Morbo supervenire solent, sint removenda. de Bry / Galler, Oppenheimii 1616 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
# Thomas Kastanaras

Thomas Kastanaras (Greek: Θωμάς Καστανάρας; born 9 January 2003) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a forward for Bundesliga club VfB Stuttgart.

## Club career

Kastanaras played for the youth teams of TB Untertürkheim and FSV Waiblingen before he joined VfB Stuttgart in 2011. On 3 March 2022, he extended his contract with VfB Stuttgart until June 2025. After leading the club's under-19 side in scoring with 26 goals during the 2021–22 season, Kastanaras was promoted to Stuttgart's senior side for the 2022–23 season. Kastanaras made his Bundesliga debut for Stuttgart on 17 September 2022 against Eintracht Frankfurt.
On 2 January 2024, Kastanaras joined SSV Ulm in 3. Liga on loan.

## International career

Born in Germany, Kastanaras is of Greek descent. He formerly represented Greece internationally up to the Greece U19s, before switching to represent the Germany U20s in 2022.
# Joe Chandler

Joe Chandler (born 2 November 1988) is an English professional rugby league footballer who has played in the 2000s and 2010s. He plays for the Batley Bulldogs in the Championship, as a prop.

## Background

Joe Chandler was born in Dewsbury, West Yorkshire, England.

## Playing career

He has previously played for Churwell Chiefs ARLFC and the Leeds Rhinos, making one Super League appearance for the club in 2008 in an 18–12 victory over the Castleford Tigers.
# Harvey Burnett

Harvey Burnett (18 August 1995 – 11 November 2024) was a Scotland international professional rugby league and rugby union footballer who played as a wing, centre or second-row for the Dewsbury Rams in the Championship. He was a Scotland international.

## Background

Burnett was born in Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, England on 18 August 1995. He died from cancer on 11 November 2024, at the age of 29.

## Career

Burnett started as a junior for the Elmbridge Eagles, and was in the London Broncos Academy system.
He made his Scotland début in 2014 against France.
In 2015 he made his Challenge Cup début for the Broncos against the Leigh Centurions.
Burnett spent time on loan at the London Skolars in 2015.
Midway through the 2015 season Burnett switched codes to play rugby union.
In 2016 Burnett returned to rugby league and joined Oxford in RFL League 1.
In 2018 Burnett joined Bradford Bulls on a one-year contract, but was released due to work commitments without making any first team appearances. He then signed for Dewsbury Rams ahead of the 2019 season. It was during his time at Dewsbury that Burnett was diagnosed with Small Round Cell Desmoplastic sarcoma, a type of cancer.
# John Hinchliffe

Bishop John Hinchliffe DD (1731 – 11 January 1794 in the Bishop's Palace, Peterborough) was an English churchman and college fellow. He was Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1768–88, Bishop of Peterborough, 1769–94, and Dean of Durham, 1788–94.

## Life

John Hinchliffe was the son of Joseph Hinchliffe of London.
John was educated at Westminster School and then studied theology at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1754 and became a fellow in 1755. He was ordained by Matthias Mawson as a deacon on 28 December 1756, and as a priest on 19 May 1757. An assistant master at Westminster School from 1757 to 1764, he acted as headmaster for three months in 1764 before becoming tutor to William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire from 1764 to 1766. Vicar of Greenwich from 1766 to 1769, Hinchliffe was made a Chaplain to George III in 1768, and appointed Master of Trinity College in the same year. In 1769 he was made Bishop of Peterborough. As bishop he played an active role in the House of Lords over the war with America. In 1788 he resigned the Mastership of Trinity. From 1789 until his death Hinchliffe was Dean of Durham.
He is buried in Peterborough Cathedral. The grave lies in a group of floor stones dedicated to bishops towards the east end.
# Caleb F. Abbott

Caleb F. Abbott (September 8, 1811 – April 24, 1855) was the mayor of Toledo, Ohio in 1850.

## Life

Mr. Abbott was born in Chelmsford, MA, he got a good education and became one of the well-learned residents of northwestern Ohio after finishing at Harvard College. Following in Henry Clay's footsteps, he became an important figure in the Whig party.
Through his university degree, he became a leading lawyer in the town of Toledo, in 1835-1836. His lawyer career brought him to become part of the first debating club in the Lucas County Prosecutor, then administered by Emery D. Potter. In 1838, he was co-founder of the first Public Library in Toledo. The same year he was elected, for the following four years, as the Lucas County Prosecutor.
His prominent role in Toledo had him become the Toledo mayor in 1850, replacing Daniel O. Morton in office. Abbott died in 1855 in this town and was buried at Forest Cemetery.
# Francis Mastin Wright

Francis Mastin Wright (July 14, 1810 – January 16, 1869) was a Republican politician in the U.S. State of Ohio who was Ohio State Auditor (1856–1860).
Francis Wright was born in Frederick County, Virginia, and ended up in Clark County, Ohio, where he was educated in the country schools. He was a merchant in Springfield, Ohio and later Urbana, Ohio. He was elected as a Whig for County Auditor of Champaign County.
In 1855, as a Republican, he defeated incumbent Democrat William Duane Morgan for Ohio State Auditor, but declined a second term. He returned to Urbana in 1860, and was appointed Internal Revenue Collector by President Lincoln. He resigned in 1867 and died at Urbana January 16, 1869.
# Nicolas Pacquot

Nicolas Pacquot (born 12 December 1978) is a French politician from Renaissance (RE). He was elected Member of Parliament for Doubs's 3rd constituency in the 2022 French legislative election.
# Long

Long may refer to:

## Measurement

* Long, characteristic of something of great duration
* Long, characteristic of something of great length
* Longitude (abbreviation: long.), a geographic coordinate
* Longa (music), note value in early music mensural notation

## Places
### Asia

* Long District, Laos
* Long District, Phrae, Thailand
* Longjiang (disambiguation) or River Long (lit. "dragon river"), one of several rivers in China
* Yangtze River or Changjiang (lit. "Long River"), China

### Elsewhere

* Long, Somme, France

## People

* Long (Chinese surname)
* Long (Western surname)

### Fictional characters

* Long (Bloody Roar), in the video game series
* Long, Aeon of Permanence in Honkai: Star Rail

## Sports

* Long, a fielding term in cricket
* Long, in tennis and similar games, beyond the service line during a serve and beyond the baseline during play

## Other uses

* USS Long, a U.S. Navy ship name
* Long (finance), a position in finance, especially stock markets
* Lòng, name for a laneway in Shanghai
* Long integer, a computer data type denoted by long in many programming languages
* Lóng, pinyin transliteration of 龍 or 龙, the Chinese characters for "Chinese dragon"
# Pfedelbach

Pfedelbach is a town in the district of Hohenlohe in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
In 1472 the town and castle were bought by the counts of Hohenlohe. The present castle was built from 1568 to 1572 by the count of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg. Being regionally most popular for its Fürstenfass (Prince's barrel), Pfedelbach's history dates back to the 11th century.
Nowadays most of the surrounding smaller townships have been suburbanized to Pfedelbach, including Oberohrn, Heuberg/Buchhorn/Gleichen (three small villages counting as one), Harsberg, Untersteinbach and Windischenbach to name but a few.
A special aspect about the early culture of Pfedelbach is the affiliation to the Yenish language.

## Local council (Gemeinderat)

Elections were held in May 2014:
| FWV | 56,2 % | 13 Seats |
| CDU/FW | 43,8 % | 10 Seats |
# Carlo Croce (sailor)

Carlo Croce (born 9 September 1945) is an Italian former yacht racer who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born in Genoa, Italy.
In 2012 he was elected as president of the International Sailing Federation (ISAF).

## Olympic events

1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, competing with Luciano Zinali for Italy:
* Flying Dutchman – 11th place of 29 teams
1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, competing with Luciano Zinali for Italy:
* Flying Dutchman – 16th place of 20 teams
# Zavareh District

Zavareh District (Persian: بخش زواره) is in Ardestan County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Zavareh.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 12,747 in 3,629 households. The following census in 2011 counted 12,394 people in 3,788 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 12,678 inhabitants in 4,180 households.

### Administrative divisions

Zavareh District Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Rigestan RD | 4,157 | 4,040 | 3,953 |
| Sofla RD | 784 | 540 | 405 |
| Zavareh (city) | 7,806 | 7,814 | 8,320 |
| Total | 12,747 | 12,394 | 12,678 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Älvsnabben

58°59′03″N 18°11′01″E﻿ / ﻿58.98429°N 18.18369°E﻿ / 58.98429; 18.18369
Älvsnabben is a small island near Muskö in the archipelago south of Stockholm, Sweden. The name may also refer to a natural harbour, more correctly called Älvsnabbsbassängen (Älvsnabben Basin), between the four small islands Älvsnabben, Bjurshagslandet, Kapellön and Gubbholmen. Älvsnabben (then Alæsnap) was mentioned as an anchoring place as early as the 13th century, then a part of a medieval sailing route, in the Danish Census Book of king Valdemar II. It was also used by the North German trade federation, the Hanseatic League, who called it Elsnaben. From the reign of king Eric XIV of Sweden, it was used as a base for the Swedish navy. As such, it is known that the Vasa was heading for the marine base on Älvsnabben when it was launched in August 1628. History tells us that the Vasa sank short after its launch, only 1200 meters from the king's castle in Stockholm.
Älvsnabben was the base of operation for the naval operations and shipping of Swedish troops to Germany during the Thirty Years War and throughout the 17th century. During the Scanian War of 1675-79, Sweden suffered a string of serious defeats against Danish and Dutch fleets, in part since Stockholm and Älvsnabben were locked in by ice in the winter and early spring. After the war, the main base of operations for the Swedish navy was moved to the newly founded Karlskrona in Blekinge in southern Sweden, which was better suited to counter the threat of the Danish fleet, Sweden's principal competition for Baltic supremacy.
In the 20th century, Älvsnabben once more came to military use by the building of the Muskö Naval Base. A shelter for navy vessels was cut in the rock of Älvsnabben, and both the island and the Älvsnabben basin is still a restricted military area.
# Dghe Subregion

Dghe Subregion is a subregion in the western Gash-Barka region (Zoba Gash-Barka) of Eritrea. Its capital lies at Dghe.
# Ferdinand E. Volz

Ferdinand E. Volz (1823 – May 14, 1876), served as Mayor of Pittsburgh from 1854 to 1856.

## Biography

Volz was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1823. He served as water assessor from 1847 to 1851.
He was elected mayor on January 10, 1854 as a Whig, and holds the distinction as the city's last mayor from that party. During the one-year term that followed, Pittsburgh was hit by its worst cholera epidemic, and additionally suffered through a severe drought. Volz was re-elected as a fusion candidate, representing a coalition of Whigs and Democrats in opposition to the rapidly growing Know Nothing movement.
After an unsuccessful bid for a third term, Volz returned to his post as Water Assessor. In 1866, President Johnson appointed Volz as U.S. Collector of Revenue for Western Pennsylvania. He was also elected as Treasurer of the Allegheny Valley Railroad and served in that capacity until his death. Volz was an ardent Mason.
He died in 1876 and is buried in Allegheny Cemetery.