OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Olaf Amundsen

Olaf Amundsen (13 May 1876–12 December 1939) was a Norwegian lawyer and politician for the Liberal Party.
Amundsen was elected to the Parliament of Norway for the parliamentary terms 1910-1912 and 1913–1918. From 1918–1921, he was a Sorenskriver, the leader of the Fosen District Court in Trøndelag. He then became the Minister of Justice in the second government of Otto Blehr. The government was in office from 1921 to 1923, but Amundsen resigned from his post on 24 August 1922 when he was named County Governor of Nordland County. He held the governorship until his death in 1939.
# Anna (band)

ANNA (Ukrainian: АННА) is a metal band from Lviv, Ukraine.
ANNA has three times toured in Ukraine supporting both of its albums and the 10th anniversary of the band. Also ANNA has taken a part in many Ukrainian festivals (e.g. Rujnacija, Rock-Vybux, Taras Buljba, Metal Heads Mission, Big Alternative Gig, Fort.Missia).
The band ceased to exist in February 2013 because of conflict between Viktor Novosyolov and the rest of the band. Later Novosyolov created a project Kompas while some other ANNA members continue to collaborate as LATUR.
In 2015 the band got active taking part in the festival "Zavantazhennya" and preparing a big solo concert in Kyiv.

## Members

* Viktor Novosyolov (Віктор Новосьолов) — vocal
* Serhiy Nesterenko (Сергій Нестеренко) — guitar, vocal
* Yuriy Pidtserkovnyi (Юрій Підцерковний) — guitar
* Mykhaylo Salo (Михайло Сало) — bass guitar
* Vadym Bayuk (Вадим Баюк) — drums
Former members
* Viktor Zhyrkov (Віктор Жирков) — programming, samples

## Discography

* Проба (Proba, 2003; was not published)
* Сприймай мене (Spryjmaj mene, 2006; EP)
* Карматреш (Karmatrash, 2008)
* Карматреш (Karmatrash, 2008; single)
* Срібна Змія (Sribna Zmija, 2010)
* Гімн замурованих (Himn zamurovanyx, 2012; single)

## Videography

* "Glamour"
* "Karmatrash"
* "Hra z Bohom"
* "Čornyj Znak"
# Academic specialization

In academia, specialization (or specialisation) may refer to a course of study or major at an academic institution, or may refer to the field in which a specialist practices.
In the case of an educator, academic specialization pertains to the subject that they specialize in and teach. It is considered a precondition of objective truth and works by restricting the mind's propensity for eclecticism through methodological rigor and studious effort. It is also employed as an information-management strategy, which operates by fragmenting an issue into different fields or areas of expertise to obtain truth. In recent years, a new avenue of specialization has manifested through double majoring. It is a way to allow for a more diverse exposure to the college curriculum.

## Development

As the volume of knowledge accumulated by humanity became too great, increasing specialization in academia appeared in response. There are also cases when this concept emerged from state policymaking to pursue goals such as national competitiveness. For instance, there is the case of Britain who began coordinating academic specialization — through the founding of the Imperial College — to catch up to the United States and Germany, particularly in the fields of scientific and technical education.
The split between the sciences and humanities was described by C. P. Snow as "The Two Cultures".

## Counter-developments

Interdisciplinary studies are an attempt to resist this siloing of knowledge. The integrated human studies movement is another counter-approach to specialization.
# Carnival Celebration

Carnival Celebration is an Excel-class cruise ship operated by Carnival Cruise Line. She is Carnival's second vessel of the fleet's Excel class, a subclass of Carnival Corporation & plc's Excellence class. At 183,521 GT, she is the largest ship in Carnival's fleet. Unlike her sister ship, Mardi Gras, as well as the original Celebration, this ship is named Carnival Celebration using the Carnival prefix. Her name was announced on 21 August 2020. She was ordered on 6 November 2016 from the Finnish shipyard Meyer Turku. She features the worlds first roller coaster at sea, named Bolt. Construction started on 13 January 2021 and was completed on 2 November 2022.

## Design and specifications

Carnival Celebration is divided into six zones incorporating themed elements and spaces that host activities and events and also house various dining and shopping outlets. On her top decks, Carnival Celebration hosts the "Ultimate Playground" zone, where the shipboard roller coaster is located, dubbed "Bolt". Designed by Maurer AG, the ride consists of self-propelled cars that ride on an 800-foot track and can travel up to 40 mph (64 km/h). "Bolt" is accompanied by an extensive water park and sports center.
Specific to Carnival Celebration, a new zone called The Gateway features the Golden Jubilee bar and lounge. This is not only dedicated to the cruise line's 50th anniversary but also featuring both replica and original items taken from retired ships of the past, from the original Mardi Gras to Carnival Fascination. This replaces the Brass Magnolia that is featured on her sister ship, Mardi Gras.

## Area of operation

The ship operates from Miami, Florida sailing a mixture of 6-8 day cruises to the Eastern, Western and Southern Caribbean after a 14 day transatlantic cruise, which departed from Southampton, England on 6 November 2022.
# SimiGon

SimiGon LTD, a technology company who Merged with Power Breezer to form Maxify in April 2022, is a provider of a simulation development platform, SIMbox, used by companies to create 3D simulation training applications. The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange since December 2006 until the merger in 2022.

## History

SimiGon was founded in Herzliya, Israel by former Israeli Air Force flight instructors, primarily with backgrounds in the F-16 Fighting Falcon. Its North American headquarters is located in the Central Florida Research Park in Orlando, Florida.
SimiGon began marketing its product, AirBook, in 1998 to air forces around the world. Once the company went public in December 2006 on the London Stock Exchange, it began to branch out, and market the software application on which the AirBook was created. This was called SIMbox. SIMbox is a software platform, and therefore, companies can use its architecture and rebrand it, as Lockheed Martin's NxTrain program has done.
SimiGon was also selected for several international training programs. On June 8, 2007 SimiGon led the slide of the Small Caps on the London Stock Exchange. On July 9, 2007, SimiGon announced that the NxLearn Learning Management System, based on SIMbox, was selected for the F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) program.
SIMbox has also been used to create AirTrack, a commercial use of the core simulation technology. AirTrack is an in-flight entertainment system designed to allow passengers a view of the aircraft's position in the air, what other passengers can see out of other windows, etc.
In September 2011, SimiGon won a contract to supply the US Air Force Air Education and Training Command pilot training systems

## Products

* SIMbox is a distributed simulation solutions for defense and civilian applications; it is a personal computer (PC)-based platform for creating, managing, and deploying simulation-based content across multiple domains. SimiGon's client base includes training and simulation systems providers, as well as over 20 air forces, and commercial airlines worldwide.

## Selected Customers

* Lockheed Martin
* BAE Systems Australia
* Canadian Air Force
* Australian Air Force
* Israeli Air Force

## References List

* ↑ Globe Online. January 22, 2000. "SimiGon: Cleared for takeoff"
* ↑ Forbes.com. June 8th 2007. "UK small caps extend losses at midday; SimiGon sharply lower on profit warning"
* ↑ CNNMoney.com. July 09, 2007 "SimiGon says learning management system selected for Lockheed Martin programme"
* ↑ "SimiGon's AirTrack". www.simigon.com. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
* ↑ .US Air Force awards contract to SimiGon; Bloomberg 1 Sep 2011
# Jerry Smith (golfer)

Jerry Smith (born April 23, 1964) is an American professional golfer. He has played on the PGA Tour and the Nationwide Tour.
Smith was born in Council Bluffs, Iowa. He played college golf at Baylor University. He turned professional in 1987.
Smith played on the Asian Tour for seven years, winning the 1998 Guam Open.
Smith played on the Nationwide Tour in 1999, 2003, and 2005. His best finishes were a pair of T-2 in 2005 at the Chattanooga Classic, which he lost in a playoff, and the Permian Basin Charity Golf Classic.
Smith played the PGA Tour from 2000 to 2002 and 2006 to 2007. His best finish was a T-3 at the 2001 National Car Rental Golf Classic Disney.
Smith has played in four U.S. Opens but never made the cut.
Smith qualified for the 2015 Champions Tour by finishing third at qualifying school in 2014.

## Personal life

Smith lives in Scottsdale, Arizona. He and his wife, Jennifer (née Johnson) Smith, have two daughters, Giavanna and Olivia.

## Professional wins (6)
### Asian PGA Tour wins (1)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runners-up |
| 1 | May 17, 1998 | Guam Open | −16 (69-67-66-70=272) | 6 strokes | Arjun Atwal, Chris Williams |
Asian PGA Tour playoff record (0–1)
| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponent | Result |
| 1 | 1998 | Kuala Lumpur Open | Nico van Rensburg | Lost to birdie on fifth extra hole |

### Gateway Tour wins (3)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1 | Jun 11, 2004 | Desert Series 2 | −16 (72-66-67-64=269) | 1 stroke | Bret Guetz |
| 2 | Jun 17, 2004 | Desert Series 3 | −19 (69-65-66-65=265) | 5 strokes | Chris Ming, Garth Mulroy |
| 3 | Aug 6, 2004 | Desert Series 9 | −27 (61-62-69-69=261) | 2 strokes | Chez Reavie |

### Other wins (1)

* 1991 Waterloo Open Golf Classic

### Champions Tour wins (1)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner-up |
| 1 | Jul 12, 2015 | Encompass Championship | −16 (66-64-70=200) | 3 strokes | David Frost |

## Playoff record

Nationwide Tour playoff record (0–1)
| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponents | Result |
| 1 | 2005 | Chattanooga Classic | Joe Daley, Jason Schultz, Scott Weatherly | Schultz won with birdie on sixth extra hole Smith and Weatherly eliminated by birdie on first hole |
# Manikpur, West Bengal

Manikpur is a census town in Sankrail CD Block of Howrah Sadar subdivision in Howrah district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography

Manikpur is located at 22°28′N 88°02′E﻿ / ﻿22.47°N 88.03°E﻿ / 22.47; 88.03.

## Demographics

As per 2011 Census of India Manikpur had a total population of 19,804 of which 10,392 (52%) were males and 9,412 (48%) were females. Population below 6 years was 2,253. The total number of literates in Manikpur was 13,378 (76.22% of the population over 6 years).
Manikpur was part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration in 2011 census.
As of 2001 India census, Manikpur had a population of 19,125. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Manikpur has an average literacy rate of 61%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 67% and female literacy is 54%. In Manikpur, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Transport
### Bus

* Sarenga (Kolatala More) - New Town Unitech

### Train

Sankrail railway station and Abada railway station on Howrah-Kharagpur line are the nearest railway stations.
# Bolshoye Voroshnino

Bolshoye Voroshnino (Russian: Большое Ворошнино) is a rural locality (a village) in Verkhnevarzhenskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2002.

## Geography

Bolshoye Voroshnino is located 75 km southeast of Veliky Ustyug (the district's administrative centre) by road. Marilovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Rodrigo Pereira (Chilean footballer)

Rodrigo Antonio Pereira Pereira (born 10 May 1982) is a Chilean footballer. His last club was Lota Schwager.
# Voronino, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast

Voronino (Russian: Воронино) is a rural locality (a village) in Ust-ALexeyevskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2002.

## Geography

Voronino is located 65 km southeast of Veliky Ustyug (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kochurino is the nearest rural locality.
# Lisa Westerveld

Elisabeth Marij "Lisa" Westerveld (born 16 November 1981) is a Dutch politician serving as a member of GroenLinks in the House of Representatives of the Netherlands since 2017. Between 2014 and 2017 she was a member of the municipality council of Nijmegen.

## Early life and career

Westerveld was born and raised in Aalten. She is from a family that were loyal voters of the Christian Union. She attended Christelijk College Schaersvoorde when she was a teenager.
She moved to Nijmegen for university, where she studied philosophy at the Radboud University Nijmegen. From 2007 until 2009 she was chairwoman of the National Student Union (LSVb). In 2010 she graduated with a master's degree in political philosophy. After completing her studies she started to work as a spokesperson and political lobbyist for the General Education Union.

### Politics

She was first a member of the SP. She became a member of Groenlinks after she stopped at the National student union in 2009. For the 2012 Dutch general election, she was placed 22nd on the party list and therefore wasn't able to get elected as Groenlinks only obtained four seats. In 2014 she got elected into the municipality council of Nijmegen, where she was placed second on the party list. She got the most votes of women candidates in Nijmegen in that election.
In 2017, Groenlinks won 14 seats in the House of Representatives. Westerveld was placed 14th on the party list which would initially be enough to be get a seat, but because a candidate placed 19th on the party list was elected with enough preference votes she almost lost the seat. Westerveld garnered 18.000 preference votes which was eventually enough to get a seat in the House of Representatives. In 2021 she was re-elected based on preferences votes again. Groenlinks won 8 seats but Westerveld was placed 10th on the party list, she got 33,172 preference votes was passed the threshold to get a seat. She received a third term in the November 2023 general election as part of the shared GroenLinks–PvdA list, and she became the party's spokesperson for culture, youth care, mental healthcare, homeless sheltering, disability policy, inclusion, racism, and discrimination.

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Lisa Westerveld :
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Result | Result | Ref. |
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Party seats | Individual | Ref. |
| 2012 | House of Representatives | | GroenLinks | 17 | 1,458 | 4 | Lost | |
| 2014 | Nijmegen Municipal Council | | GroenLinks | | | 8 | Won | |
| 2017 | House of Representatives | | GroenLinks | 14 | 17,828 | 14 | Won | |
| 2018 | Nijmegen Municipal Council | | GroenLinks | 50 | | 11 | Lost | |
| 2019 | Provincial Council of Gelderland | | GroenLinks | 50 | | 6 | Lost | |
| 2021 | House of Representatives | | GroenLinks | 10 | 33,172 | 8 | Won | |
| 2022 | Nijmegen Municipal Council | | GroenLinks | 50 | 294 | 9 | Lost | |
| 2023 | House of Representatives | | GroenLinks–PvdA | 5 | 141,064 | 25 | Won | |
# Rens Raemakers

Rens Raemakers (born 27 March 1991) is a Dutch politician from the Democrats 66.

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Rens Raemakers :
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Result | Result | Ref. |
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Party seats | Individual | Ref. |
| 2021 | House of Representatives | | Democrats 66 | 19 | 9,699 | 24 | Won | |
# Charles C. Pugh

Charles Chapman Pugh (born June 16, 1940) is an American mathematician who researches dynamical systems. Pugh received his PhD under Philip Hartman of Johns Hopkins University in 1965, with the dissertation The Closing Lemma for Dimensions Two and Three. He has since been a professor, now emeritus, at the University of California, Berkeley.
In 1967, he published a closing lemma named after him in the theory of dynamical systems. The lemma states: Let f be a diffeomorphism of a compact manifold with a nonwandering point x. Then, there is (in the space of diffeomorphisms, equipped with the $C^{1}$ topology) in a neighborhood of f a diffeomorphism g for which x is a periodic point. That is, by a small perturbation of the original dynamical system, a system with periodic trajectory can be generated.
In 1970, he was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Nice, delivering a talk on Invariant Manifolds.

## Books

* Real Mathematical Analysis, Springer-Verlag, 2002
# Hilde Palland

Hilde M. Palland (born 13 September 1979), also known as Hilde Palland-Mulder, is a Dutch politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives from 2019 until 2023. A member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), she was previously elected to the municipal council of Kampen from 2006 to 2018, where she chaired the party group from 2009 onwards. Palland became a parliamentarian upon the resignation of former party leader Sybrand van Haersma Buma. She studied law at the University of Groningen.

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Hilde Palland :
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Result | Result | Ref. |
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Party seats | Individual | Ref. |
| 2017 | House of Representatives | | Christian Democratic Appeal | 21 | 6,464 | 19 | Lost | |
| 2021 | House of Representatives | | Christian Democratic Appeal | 12 | 3,990 | 15 | Won | |
| 2023 | House of Representatives | | Christian Democratic Appeal | 6 | 2,818 | 5 | Lost | |
| 2024 | European Parliament | | Christian Democratic Appeal | 26 | 2,500 | 3 | Lost | |
# Peter Kwint

J.P. "Peter" Kwint (born 19 December 1984) is a Dutch politician, who served as a Member of Parliament for the Socialist Party between 2017 and 2023.

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Peter Kwint :
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Result | Result | Ref. |
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Party seats | Individual | Ref. |
| 2024 | European Parliament | | Socialist Party | 24 | 1,131 | 0 | Lost | |
# Chris Simons

Chris Simons (born 1 March 1965) is a Dutch politician. He serves as a member of the House of Representatives since 22 March 2022. Simons is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).
Simons replaced Ockje Tellegen during her sick leave from March 2022 until July 2022. He replaced Bente Becker from 23 August 2022 till 1 November 2022 during her pregnancy leave. Simons became a member of the House of Representatives on 1 November 2022.

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Chris Simons :
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Result | Result | Ref. |
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Party seats | Individual | Ref. |
| 2021 | House of Representatives | | People's Party for Freedom and Democracy | 46 | 653 | 34 | Lost | |
| 2023 | House of Representatives | | People's Party for Freedom and Democracy | 38 | 696 | 24 | Lost | |
# Grace (style)

His Grace and Her Grace are English styles of address used with high-ranking personages, and was the style for English monarchs until Henry VIII (r. 1509–1547), and for Scottish monarchs until the Act of Union of 1707, which united the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England.
In Great Britain and Ireland, it is also the style of address for archbishops, dukes, and duchesses; e.g. His Grace the Duke of Norfolk and His Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury. The correct style is “Your Grace” in spoken and written form; as a stylistic descriptor for British dukes, it is an abbreviation of the full, formal style: “The Most High, Noble and Potent Prince His Grace”.
However, a royal duke, such as Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, is addressed as Your Royal Highness.

## Ecclesiastical usage
### Christianity

The style "His Grace" and "Your Grace" is used in England and some other English-speaking countries to address Catholic archbishops whose seats have come from an English diocesan background, which is not common in other countries (e.g. in France, the Philippines, and the United States Catholic bishops are addressed using the style "Excellency"). In the Eastern Orthodox Church it is used for bishops and abbots. The style is also used for an archbishop and some bishops in the Anglican tradition. In Ireland, the style "His/Your Grace" (Irish: A ghrása) is traditionally used for all Catholic bishops, not just archbishops. In the United Methodist Church in the United States, bishops are addressed "Your Grace" (spoken style), and "His/Her Grace" (reference style). The Church of God in Christ addresses its Presiding Bishop as "His Holy Grace" and "Your Holy Grace". The title solely for Catholic cardinals in reference style is "His Eminence" and the spoken style is "Your Eminence".
"Your Grace" is also an alternative style for the Archbishops of Canterbury and York in the Church of England and the Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.

### Other religions

In Islam, several Sufi orders (such as the Qadrianis and Hawariyun) may refer to their spiritual Grand Masters with the honorific "(Most) Gracious ..." or "His Grace" in reference style, while the spoken style is "(Most) Gracious".
International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON–Hare Krishna) devotees prefix the name of their founder, A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, with "His Divine Grace".
# Statehood Day (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Statehood Day (Bosnian: Dan državnosti, Дан државности) is a holiday celebrated in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity that occurs every year on 25 November. On that day in 1943, at the first session of the State Anti-fascist Council for the National Liberation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ZAVNOBiH) in Mrkonjić Grad, the "Resolution of ZAVNOBiH" was adopted. The resolution expressed the determination of the peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina that their country shall be a brotherly community in which full equality of all its nationalities was to be ensured, that their republic was to be on equal footing with other republics in the Yugoslav federation, and that Bosnia and Herzegovina would reclaim its historical borders.
The Law on the Proclamation of 25 November as the Statehood Day of the former Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette of R B&H, No. 9/95) stipulates that November 25 is Bosnia and Herzegovina's Statehood Day but this directive is, in practice, ignored by the authorities in the Republika Srpska entity.
Statehood Day should not be confused with Independence Day, which is held each year on 1 March in honor of the 1992 referendum that indicated that a majority of Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats were in favor of becoming a sovereign nation. The total turnout of voters was 63.73%, 99.7% of whom voted for independence while the majority of the Bosnian Serb population boycotted the referendum.
# The Christ Child and the Infant John the Baptist with a Shell

The Christ Child and the Infant John the Baptist with a Shell or The Holy Children with a Shell (Spanish - Los Niños de la concha) is a 1670-1675 oil on canvas painting by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, now in the Prado Museum in Madrid.
One of the artist's most popular works, it was widely reproduced in prints and on plates. It first appeared in the written record in 1746, when it was recorded in Elisabeth Farnese's collection in the Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso in Segovia, moving to infante Luis's bedroom in the same palace by 1766. It was next recorded in the kings' bedroom in the Palacio de Aranjuez in Madrid in 1794, then the Palacio Real in Madrid from 1814 to 1818.