# 1881 AAA Championships

The 1881 AAA Championships was an outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA), held on Saturday 16 July and Monday 18 July at Aston Lower Grounds, Birmingham, England. This was the first time the championship had been held outside of London.

## Summary

The weather in Birmingham was hot and sunny, "a thin tissue of clouds and a cool breeze somewhat tempered the sun's rays," and a crowd of 14,000 spectators attended the championship. The Aston Company Band played musical selections throughout the afternoon and the prizes were presented by Mrs. Richard Chamberlain, the Lady Mayoress of Birmingham.
The programme of events was the same as last year with fourteen events for men only. The heats and finals all took place on one day with the exception of the 10 miles race which took place on the following Monday, 18 July, at the same venue.
Performances were generally better than last year with championship best performances in eight of the fourteen events, while that in the 100 yards was equal to the best. The track at Aston was a cinder path with a circumference of 501 yards 1 foot. It was measured on the Friday afternoon by a surveyor, Mr. Wilson, using a foot chain laid 12 to 15 inches from the inside edge to confirm the accuracy of the race distances. The ground, did, however, have a slight slope, "the last 300 yards of the 440 yard course sloped more than 6 feet." This favoured competitors in the 440 yards and 120 yards hurdles, so performances in these events cannot be compared with other years. The stadium layout included a separate straight sprint track which also sloped to some extent, and this favoured competitors in both the 100 yards and the long jump. Lon Myers, the American world record holder, said in a letter home, "the descent was about three-quarters of a yard on the sprint path."
Lon Myers competed in both the 100 yards and 440 yards and together with Eugene Merrill (Boston AC) who competed in the 7 miles walk, they were the first foreign athletes to compete in the championship. Myers appeared first, in the first heat of the 100 yards, but the slope on the track threw him off and he did not live up to expectations and finished fourth. The Birmingham Mail said, "before half the distance was covered it was seen that Myers was labouring hard to keep his place." In a letter home Myers described his race thus: "I was thrown out of stride, owing, no doubt, to the downhill course, and the rest of the way I was trying to run and keep from falling at the same time." The 440 yards was a different story, as Myers won easily with time to look round at the other competitors.
Walter George (Moseley Harriers) was the defending champion in both one mile and four miles, but he had been ill since the spring and was not at his best. In the one mile he was challenged by Bernhard Wise, an Australian studying at Oxford University. William Snook (Moseley H.) took the lead for the first 200 yards, then George went to the front to try push the pace and take the sting out of the Australian. Wise stuck to his shoulder until with around three hundred yards to go a small gap opened up and Wise moved ahead and then gradually the gap widened out to around six yards by the finish. 440 yards splits are as follows: 59.0, 2:04.5 (65.5), 3:13.0 (68.5), 4:24.4 (71.4). Disappointed by his performance George did not contest the four miles.
Thomas Ray of Ulverston Cricket Club broke his own world record in the pole jump. He held the world record from September 1879 to July 1891, improving it nine times from 11ft 2 3/4in (3.42m) to 11ft 6 5/8in (3.52m). Maurice Davin (Ireland) equalled the world record in the hammer. Edmund Baddeley had thrown 98ft 10in (30.12m) at the Amateur Athletic Club championship in 1878 and this remained the world record until June 1883. In finishing second in the 440 yards William Phillips became only the second amateur to beat 50 seconds for 440 yards, albeit slightly downhill, a feat achieved by no other amateur until 1886.
There were no heats in the field events, some of which had only two or three competitors. It was customary at the time for race winners only to have their performances recorded, therefore, in the tables below other competitors are shown with the distance each man was behind the man in front. Field event performances are shown in feet and inches as they were originally measured, with a conversion to metric measurement in parentheses. Conversions have been obtained using the International Metric Conversion Tables published by the International Amateur Athletics Federation in 1970.

## Results

| Event | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| 100 yards | William Page Phillips | James John Milroy Cowie | Richard F. Shaw |
| 440 yards | Lon Myers | William Page Phillips | John H. Plant |
| 880 yards | Sidney Herbert Baker | W. Lock | Samuel King Holman |
| 1 mile | Bernhard Wise | Walter George | Henry D. Thomas |
| 4 miles | George Morley Nehan | George Augustus Dunning | J. A. Voelcker |
| 10 miles | George Augustus Dunning | J. A. Voelcker | William Whiteway Alexander |
| steeplechase | James Ogden | William J. Lawrence | W. Lock |
| 120yd hurdles | George Patrick Charles Lawrence | A. J. Porter | Samuel Palmer |
| 7 miles walk | John W. Raby | E. E. Merrill | Henry Whyatt |
| high jump | Patrick Davin | John Whitehill Parsons | n/a |
| pole jump | Thomas Ray | Edward Aubrey Strachan | n/a |
| long jump | Patrick Davin | Thomas Michael Malone | Gerard Fowler |
| shot put | Maurice Davin | William Young Winthrop | n/a |
| hammer throw | Maurice Davin | Walter Lawrence | William Young Winthrop |

## Event summary

100 yards :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | William Page Phillips | London AC | 10 1/5 |
| 2. | James John Milroy Cowie | London AC | 1/2 yd |
| 3. | Richard F. Shaw | London AC | 6 inches |
| 4. | F. F. Cleaver | Notts Forest FC | 6 inches |
Notes: 2 heats. first two in each heat qualify for the final.
440 yards :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | Laurence Eugene Myers | USA | 48 3/5 |
| 2. | William Page Phillips | London AC | 5 yd |
| 3. | John H. Plant | Stourbridge FC | 15 yd |
| 4. | W. R. Parry | Moseley H. | 5 yd |
Notes: no heats. Myers was the first winner of a AAA championship not from Great Britain. The World Record for 440 yards was 49.0 by Myers at Boston, Massachusetts, 26 June 1880. His performance in Birmingham was never ratified as a record due to an advantageous slope on the track.
880 yards :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | Sidney Herbert Baker | London AC | 2:02 1/5 |
| 2. | W. Lock | Spartan H. | 1 yd |
| 3. | Samuel King Holman | London AC | 2 yd |
| 4. | W. R. Parry | Moseley H. | 10 yd |
| 5. | J. Law | Birchfield H. | |
Notes: 5 competitors
1 mile :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | Bernhard Wise | Australia / Oxford Un. AC | 4:24 2/5 |
| 2. | Walter George | Moseley H. | 4:25 3/5 |
| 3. | Henry D. Thomas | London AC | 35-50 yd |
Notes: only 3 finished
4 miles :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | George Morley Nehan | Blackheath H. | 20:26 1/5 |
| 2. | George Augustus Dunning | Clapton Beagles | 20:32 |
| 3. | J. A. Voelcker | London AC | 400 yd |
Notes: “Bell’s Life” gives the winning time as 20:25 1/5 and Dunning’s time as 20:26 4/5. "The Referee" gives Nehan 20:26 4/5 and Dunning 20:32. "The Sportsman" says Nehan 20:21 4/5 with Dunning 80 yards behind. the times here are from Buchanan, president and founder of the International Society of Olympic Historians.
10 miles :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | George Augustus Dunning | Clapton Beagles | 54:34 |
| 2. | J. A. Voelcker | London AC | 58:44 3/5 |
| 3. | William Whiteway Alexander | Civil Service AA | ret (8 miles) |
| 4. | George Morley Nehan | Blackheath H. | ret (2 miles) |
| 5. | W. Lock | Spartan H. | ret (1 mile) |
Notes: Monday 18 July, same venue, only 2 finished
Steeplechase :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | James Ogden | Birchfield H. | 11:17 3/5 |
| 2. | William J. Lawrence | Moseley H. | 90-100 yd |
| 3. | W. Lock | Spartan H. | ret |
Notes: distance 2 miles, 3 competitors, only 2 finished.
120 yards hurdles :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | George Patrick Charles Lawrence | Oxford Un. AC | 16 1/5 |
| 2. | A. J. Porter | Leicester A.S. FC | 8 yd |
Notes: 2 heats. first 2 in each heat qualify for the final. Lawrence 16sec. (1 h1). in the final Samuel Palmer (ex-Cambridge Un. AC) fell at the fifth hurdle and did not finish while F. J. W. Wood (London AC) qualified for the final (2 h1) but did not start.
High Jump :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | Patrick Davin | Carrick-on-Suir, Ireland | 6ft 1/2in (1.84m) |
| 2. | John Whitehill Parsons | Edinburgh Un. AC | 5ft 9 1/2in (1.76m) |
Notes: only 2 competitors
Pole jump :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | Thomas Ray | Ulverston CC | 11ft 3in (3.43m) |
| 2. | Edward Aubrey Strachan | Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers | 10ft 6in (3.20m) |
Notes: only 2 competitors. Ray beat his own World Record set in 1879.
Long Jump :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | Patrick Davin | Carrick-on-Suir, Ireland | 22ft 11in (6.98m) |
| 2. | Thomas Michael Malone | County Clare, Ireland | 22ft 7in (6.88m) |
| 3. | Gerard Fowler | Moseley FC | 22ft 1/2in (6.72m) |
Notes: John Whitehill Parsons (Edinburgh Un. AC), Francis John W. Wood (London AC), and D. H. Brownfield (Trentham Park CC) also competed but their performance and position are not known.
Shot Put :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | Maurice Davin | Ireland | 39ft 6 1/2in (12.05m) |
| 2. | William Young Winthrop | London AC | 38ft 4 1/2in (11.69m) |
Notes: only 2 competitors
Hammer :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | Maurice Davin | Carrick-on-Suir, Ireland | 98ft 10in (30.12m) |
| 2. | Walter Lawrence | Oxford Un. AC / London AC | 97ft 5in (29.70m) |
| 3. | William Young Winthrop | London AC | 95ft 4in (29.06m) |
Notes: only 3 competitors. "The Field" reports a "7 foot run with a 4 foot handle."
7 miles walk :
| Pos | Athlete | Club | Time /Dist |
| 1. | John W. Raby | Elland | 54:48 2/5 |
| 2. | E. E. Merrill | Union AC, Boston, USA | ret (3 miles) |
| 3. | H. Whyatt | Notts Forest FC | ret (2 miles) |
| | H. Webster | Liverpool | disq |
Notes: 4 starters, only 1 competitor finished
Championship best performance :
| Event | Athlete | Time / Dist | Year |
| 100 yards | William Page Phillips (London AC) | 10 1/5 | 1880 |
| | William Page Phillips (London AC) | 10 1/5 | 1881 |
| 440 yards | William Page Phillips (London AC) | 51 sec. | 1880 |
| 880 yards | Samuel King Holman (London AC) | 2:00 2/5 | 1880 |
| 1 mile | Bernhard Wise (Australia / Oxford Un. AC) | 4:24 2/5 | 1881 |
| 4 miles | George Morley Nehan (Blackheath H.) | 20:26 1/5 | 1881 |
| 10 miles | George Augustus Dunning (Clapton Beagles) | 54:34 | 1881 |
| 120 yards hurdles | George Patrick Charles Lawrence (Oxford Un. AC) | 16 2/5sec. | 1880 |
| High jump | Patrick Davin (Ireland) | 6ft 1/2in (1.84m) | 1881 |
| Pole jump | Thomas Ray (Ulverston CC) | 11ft 3in (3.43m) | 1881 |
| Long jump | Charles Langton Lockton (London AC) | 22ft 2in (6.75m) | 1880 |
| Shot put | Maurice Davin (Ireland) | 39ft 6 1/2in (12.05m) | 1881 |
| Hammer | Maurice Davin (Ireland) | 98ft 10in (30.12m) | 1881 |
| 7 miles walk | John W. Raby (Elland) | 54:48 2/5 | 1881 |
Notes: Performances in the Steeplechase are not comparable until the event was standardised in the 1930s.