OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Check hook

In boxing, a check hook is employed to prevent aggressive boxers from lunging in. There are two parts to the check hook. The first part consists of a regular hook. The second, trickier part involves the footwork. As the opponent lunges in, the boxer should throw the hook and pivot on his lead foot and swing his back foot 90 degrees around (sometimes referred to as "turning the corner"). If executed correctly, the aggressive boxer will lunge in and sail harmlessly past his opponent like a bull missing a matador. This is rarely seen in professional boxing as it requires a great disparity in skill level to execute.
Floyd Mayweather Jr. demonstrated an example of this punch against Ricky Hatton in their 2007 encounter. Ricky Hatton was caught with the check hook as he was lunging in; Hatton continued forward as he was knocked off balance and proceeded to ram his head into the ring post as Floyd Mayweather stepped out of harm's way. When interviewed, Mayweather stated that he was taught the check hook in the Michigan amateurs.

## Types of Check Hook

Once a boxer is well-versed with the traditional check hook as described above, some of the check hook variations can be even more effective, as follows:-
1) The Lead Check Hook
This variation of the check hook typically works best for orthodox vs. southpaw matchups, and it often leaves the opponent open to a follow-up uppercut as they try to chase. It is deemed highly effective against taller opponents with relatively longer reach as instead of pivoting off to the side, the boxer takes a step to his lead side and fire off the hook at close range.
2) The Backstep Check Hook
First of all, this variation is deemed risky as the boxer might end up in front of the opponent, exposing himself to their attacks. Instead of pivoting off to the side, a step backward is taken with the rear leg thereby enabling him to get out of the way of their punches while landing the check hook.
3) The Switch Stance Check Hook
The switch stance check hook is considered to be an advanced variation of the check hook. In this case the boxer takes a step back with his lead leg, thereby ending up in the opposite stance and then throw a check hook with the revised new lead hand from the switch stance. This type of hook scores higher than usual as opponents who expect a check hook from the normal stance are taken by surprise by receiving a hook with the opposite hand.
4) The Pivot Out Check Hook
This type check hook is executed when the boxer pivots and then throws the punch, allowing him to further empower the hook at the same time keeping him safe and away from opponent’s attacks as he pushes off with the rear leg.
5) The Corkscrew Check Hook
Corkscrew is an even more modern yet effective version of the check hook variation and very popular one especially amongst the shorter fighters. On one hand it allows the boxer to block the opponent’s straight punches while on the other hand it allows him to take a step back and land a solid check hook thrown like a corkscrew jab.
# Paul Degen

Paul Degen (24 March 1941 – 30 May 2007) was a Swiss illustrator, caricaturist, painter and sculptor. He is mostly known for the cartoons he did for The New York Times and his 34 title illustrations for The New Yorker magazine in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1992 he was awarded the Basel Innovation Prize for inventing the "ROMA birth wheel."

## Biography
### Early life and education

Paul Degen was born on 24 March 1941 in Basel, Switzerland. After his education as a lithographor at the Wassermann Ag in Basel and graduation from the Kunstschule Basel (Basel College of Commercial Art), Degen continued his education at the graphic design studio of Theo Ballmer and at the Académie Julian in Paris.

### Career

In the 1960s Degen worked as a freelance graphic designer and illustrator with Herbert Leupin, Celestino Piatti, and Fritz Bühler at the Atelier Eidenbenz in Switzerland.
In 1970 Degen moved to New York and worked, besides freelancing as a cartoonist and illustrator for The New York Times, Esquire, Harper's Magazine and The Atlantic Monthly, at the Push Pin Studios with Milton Glaser and Seymour Chwast.
After living in Brazil, Peru, Hawaii, Bali, and his return to New York at the end of 1988, Degen moved back to Liestal near Basel in 1990.

#### ROMA Birth Wheel

In the mid-1980s, while hospitalized for a spinal disc herniation, Degan suffered from chronic constipation and the helplessness of being forced to lie on his back. Obsessing about the desire to be upright and hold onto something, he realized that women in labor must have the same desires. While still bedridden, Degan produced initial drawings which six years later led to the first ROMA Birth Wheel. The device allows women in labor to achieve an upright, natural position for delivery of the child.

### Death

Paul Degen died on 30 May 2007, in Basel following an operation.

## Exhibitions

* Architecture for Children (1000 boxes), Hudson River Museum, New York
* 34 American Architects Travelling Exhibit - Rome, Venice, Milan, Bologna and the United States
* 1979 - Gallerie Commercio, Zurich
* 1979/81 - Hotel Engel, Liestal
* 1981 - Susumo Gallery, Sydney
* 1985 - Hotel Engel, Liestal
* 2006 - HP-GARCIA Gallery, Hell's Kitchen/ New York

## Book illustrations

* The Emperor's New Clothes, Hans Christian Andersen, Random House (1978), ISBN 0-394-83840-8
* O Thou Improper Thou Uncommun Noun, Clarkson N Potter Inc, NY (1978), ISBN 0-517-53511-4
* David Copperfield, Charles Dickens, Franklin Library (1980), ASIN: B000BWRFP0
* Die Abenteuer der 3 T Buch:Ingrid Tschan, Illustrationen: Paul Degen ISBN 978-3-033-01215-8
# NFCA National Player of the Year

The NFCA National Player of the Year is an award given by Schutt Sports to the best college softball player of the year. The award has been given annually since 2016. In 2019, the award was split into two honors, the player and pitchers of the year. The award is voted on by the members of the NFCA's NCAA Division I All-American Committee.

## Winners
### Player of the Year (2016–present)

| Year | Player | Position | School |
| 2016 | Sierra Romero | 2B | Michigan |
| 2017 | Megan Good | P | James Madison |
| 2018 | Rachel Garcia | P | UCLA |
| 2019 | Abbey Cheek | 3B | Kentucky |
| 2020 | Not awarded due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Not awarded due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Not awarded due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2021 | Rachel Garcia | P | UCLA |
| 2022 | Jocelyn Alo | U | Oklahoma |
| 2023 | Skylar Wallace | U | Florida |
| 2024 | Jocelyn Erickson | C | Florida |

### Pitcher of the Year (2019–present)

| Year | Player | School |
| 2019 | Rachel Garcia | UCLA |
| 2020 | Not awarded | Not awarded |
| 2021 | Montana Fouts | Alabama |
| 2022 | Georgina Corrick | South Florida |
| 2023 | Ashley Rogers | Tennessee |
| 2024 | NiJaree Canady | Stanford |
# Weldon mud

Weldon mud is a precipitation of manganese used in the production of chlorine.
Walter Weldon developed a process in the chlorine production process for reuse of manganese by treating the manganese chloride with milk of lime and blowing air through the mixture to form a precipitation of manganese known as Weldon mud, which was used to generate more chlorine.
# Yve Blake

Yve Blake is an Australian screenwriter, songwriter, and playwright. She wrote the musical Fangirls.

## Career

Yve Blake was born in Sydney, Australia, and as a teenager took drama classes at Australian Theatre for Young People. After moving to England to study at Central School of Speech and Drama, Blake dropped out and developed her play Sugar Sugar as part of the Royal Court Theatre's Young Playwright's program. The play had its Australian premiere in Melbourne in 2014. That year, her next play Then sold-out at London's Vault Festival, and she returned to the Vault in 2015 with Lie Collector, a musical comedy. Then was later performed in Australia by the Australian Theatre for Young People.
In 2019, Blake premiered her musical Fangirls at Queensland Theatre. The musical won the 2019 Sydney Theatre Award for Best Mainstage Musical, the Matilda Award for Best Musical or Cabaret, the 2020 AWGIE Award for Music Theatre, and was recognised for New Australian Writing for Music theatre at 2022's Green Room Awards.

## Productions

* Prince Willy (2012)
* Am I Good Friend? (2012)
* The Finish Line (2013)
* Moreish (2013)
* Sugar Sugar (2014)
* Then (2014)
* Lie Collector (2015)
* Fangirls (2019)
# Lost & Found (1961–62)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| MusicHound | 3.5/5 |
Lost & Found (1961–62) is a Beach Boys compilation album which was released in 1991 under DCC Compact Classics record company. The album contains all of the early recordings of the band before they were signed to their first major record label, Capitol Records. This release is notable to collectors as it uses the original master tapes, whereas many countless gray market issues of the same material use inferior sources. This release was compiled and mastered by Steve Hoffman. Original recordings were produced by Hite Morgan in 1961 & 1962.

## Track listing

* "Luau" demo (Bruce Morgan) – 1:46
* "Surfin'" demo (Brian Wilson, Mike Love) – 2:31
* "Studio Chatter" – 0:16
* "Surfin'" (Brian Wilson, Mike Love) – 2:29
* "Studio Chatter" – 0:07
* "Surfin'" (Brian Wilson, Mike Love) – 2:21
* "Studio Chatter" – 0:23
* "Luau" (Bruce Morgan) – 1:50
* "Luau" (Bruce Morgan) – 1:49
* "Barbie" (Bruce Morgan) – 2:23 [†]
* "What Is a Young Girl Made Of" (Bruce Morgan) – 2:18 [†]
* "Surfin' Safari" (Brian Wilson, Mike Love) – 2:06
* "Studio Chatter" – 0:20
* "Surfin' Safari" (Brian Wilson, Mike Love) – 2:05
* "Studio Chatter" – 1:00
* "Surfer Girl" (Brian Wilson) – 2:26
* "Judy" (Brian Wilson) – 2:22
* "Judy" (Brian Wilson) – 2:21
* "Beach Boy Stomp (A.K.A. Karate)" (Carl Wilson) – 2:15
* "Surfin' Safari" (Stereo overdub attempt) (Brian Wilson, Mike Love) – 2:09
* "Lavender" demo (Bruce Morgan) – 2:31
[†]: These tracks were released under the name Kenny and The Cadets, which comprised Brian, Carl, and Audree Wilson, and Al Jardine (after he'd left The Beach Boys). These appear as stereo mixes with the vocals on one channel, the instrumental track on the other. The originally released single was mono.
# Ottavio Tiby

Music of Italy :
Timeline :
General topics :
Opera houses
Music conservatories
Terminology :
Genres :
Classical (Opera)
Pop
Rock (Hardcore · New Wave · Progressive rock)
Disco
House
Dance
Folk
Hip hop
Jazz :
Specific forms :
Gregorian chant :
Media and performance :
Nationalistic and patriotic songs :
Regional music :
vte :
Ottavio Tiby (1891-1955) Italian ethnomusicologist, was one of the pioneers of the scholarly study of Sicilian folk music.
# Treaties of the Holy See

A treaty of the Holy See is called a Concordat. This is a list.

## 11th century

* Treaty of Melfi (1059; Normans)
* Treaty of Ceprano (1080) (Normans)

## 12th century

* Concordat of Worms (1122; Holy Roman Empire)
* Treaty of Mignano (1139)
* Treaty of Constance (1153) (Holy Roman Empire)
* Treaty of Benevento (1156; Sicily)
* Treaty of Venice (1177; Holy Roman Empire, Lombard League)

## 13th century

* Treaty of Speyer (1209) (Holy Roman Empire)
* Treaty of Ceprano (1230) (Holy Roman Empire)
* Treaty of San Germano (1230; Holy Roman Empire)
* Concordat of the Forty Articles (1289; Portugal)
* Treaty of Tarascon (1291; Aragon, France, Naples)
* Treaty of Anagni (1295; Aragon, France, Naples, and Majorca)

## 15th century

* Fürsten Konkordat between Pope Eugenius IV and the Princes Electors of the Holy Roman Empire (Jan 1447)
* Concordat of Vienna (1448; Holy Roman Empire)
* Treaty of Bagnolo (1489; Ferrara, Venice)

## 16th century

* Concordat of Bologna (1516; France)
* Treaty of London (1518) (France, England, Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Burgundy, and the Netherlands)

## 18th century

* Treaty of Tolentino (1797; France)

## 19th century

* Concordat of 1801 (France)
* Concordat of 11 June 1817 (France)
* Concordat of 24 October 1817 (Bavaria)
* Concordat of 16 February 1818 (Naples)
* 1847 Agreement between the Holy See and Russia
* Concordat of 1851 (Spain)
* Concordat of 1854 (Guatemala)
* Concordat of 1887 (Colombia)

## 20th century

* Concordat of 1922 (Latvia)
* Concordat of 1925 (Poland)
* Concordat of 1928 (Colombia)
* Lateran Treaty (1929; Italy)
* Prussian Concordat (1929)
* Concordat of 1933 (1933; Austria)
* Reichskonkordat (1933; Germany)
* Concordat of 1940 (Portugal)
* Concordat of 1953 (Spain)
* Concordat of 1993 (Poland)
* Treaties between the Republic of Croatia and the Holy See (1996-1998)

## 21st century

* Concordat of 2004 (Portugal)
* Treaty of 2004 (Slovakia)
* Concordat of 2008 (Brazil)
* Concordat of 2009 (Schleswig-Holstein)
* Agreement of 2019 (Burkina Faso)
* Treaty of 2024 (Czech Republic)
# Makronia

Makronia is a municipality in Sagar district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Its part of Sagar Urban Agglomeration.

## Description

A former Dr H. S. Gour University started from Makronia's SAF Campus so many historic events are connected through Makronia. This region is developing as the suburban region near Sagar City. It is just 5 km away from the city. It has its separate railway station, the biggest hotel in Sagar, the Paradise Hotel, many CBSE and MP board schools, as well as a government engineering college. Many army bases are located in Makronia. Also Makronia Nagar Palika, there are many Engineering Colleges in Makronia, as there is a shortage of space in the City, development is moving towards the Makronia Region.

## Geography

Makroniya is located at 23°51′N 78°47′E﻿ / ﻿23.85°N 78.79°E﻿ / 23.85; 78.79. It has an average elevation of 508 metres (1669 feet).

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Makronia had a population of 23,861. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Makronia has an average literacy rate of 87.75%, higher than the national average of 74.4%: male literacy is 92.65%, and female literacy is 82.41%. In Makronia, 11.86% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Transportation

Makroniya is well connected with roadways and railway.
Makronia railway station is located in the city. Its code is MKRN. It serves Makronia town. It's connected it from major cities.
# Antikvariat

Antikvariat (Russian: Антиквариат) was a Russian department of the Ministry of Trade set up by Lenin in 1921 following the Russian Revolution to handle the sale and export of art pieces acquired by the revolutionary government from Russian museums such as the Hermitage and Gatchina Palace, from Russian churches, and from Russian elites who either had been forced to surrender them to the new government, had fled the country without them, or were executed during the revolution.$^{:64}$ Among these state treasures were 30 of the 40 Fabergé eggs that had been held by the Moscow Armory following the abdication of the last Russian tsar, Nicholas II.$^{:169}$
The new government of Russia began its existence in dire financial straits. Lenin and later Stalin needed money as quickly as possible, and the liquidation of Russian art works was believed to be one way to accomplish this. Antikvariat's members were not curators or art specialists but members of the Communist Party selected by other Party members to extract as much money as possible from the sale of Russian art to Western businessmen and diplomats. Russian art historians in charge of holding these works thwarted their attempts, and sometimes disguised or hid works that Antikvariat, had it known of their existence, would have preferred to have sold. For this, many of those passionate to retain these works were arrested, tried, and executed.$^{:84}$
# The Capitol Theatre, Horsham

51°03′51″N 0°19′23″W﻿ / ﻿51.0641°N 0.3230°W﻿ / 51.0641; -0.3230
The Capitol Theatre is a multi-purpose arts venue in Horsham, West Sussex, England.
The original Capitol Theatre, built in Italian style by the Blue Flash Cinema Company, was opened on Wednesday 7 November 1923. As Earl Winterton was unable to be present speeches were made by Mrs. Campion, wife of Lt. Col. Campion of the Blue Flash company, who opened the venue, and Lady Burrel. The first silent film shown, Chu Chin Chow was accompanied by music played by the band of the 4th Royal Sussex Regiment and singing by baritone Frank Watts. Blue Flash had been set up to provide employment for soldiers of the battalion, especially the musicians, on a not-for-profit basis. The building work was undertaken by Goodman & Kay of Horsham. The building, on what was then London Road near the town centre, was set back from the street with an Italianate courtyard in front, including a fountain. A Hill, Norman & Beard organ was installed in 1924 and an RCA sound system in 1929.
The theatre was taken over by Union Cinemas in 1935, and they in turn were taken over by ABC Cinemas in 1937. In August 1954 ABC closed the cinema which was then used as a community centre, including live theatre, and was later a Regional Film Theatre for the British Film Institute. With its closure in 1983, Horsham District Council purchased a former ABC cinema on North Street, which had opened in 1936, and developed it into the Horsham Arts Centre. This opened to the public at Christmas 1984. After nearly 20 years Horsham Arts Centre closed in January 2002; a following £6 million refurbishment was completed by September 2003. The venue houses a 400-seat theatre, studio theatre, two cinema screens, gallery space, meeting room, café and lounge bar. The original Capitol Theatre was demolished. The new site was opened by HM Elizabeth II on 24 October 2003.
On 26 January 2008, Barney, Baby Bop, BJ and their new friend Riff performed here in Barney Live! - The Let's Go Tour in honor of Barney's 20th Anniversary.
# Bhopal Madhya Assembly constituency

Bhopal Madhya Assembly Constituency is one of the 230 constituencies of Madhya Pradesh. It comes under Bhopal district and Bhopal Parliamentary Constituency

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Name | Party |
| 2008 | Dhruv Narayan Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2013 | Surendra Nath Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2018 | Arif Masood | Indian National Congress |
| 2023 | Arif Masood | Indian National Congress |

## Election results
### 2023

2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Bhopal Madhya :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | INC | Arif Masood | 82,371 | 54.33 |
| | BJP | Dhruv Narayan Singh | 66,480 | 43.84 |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | |
| | INC hold | INC hold | Swing | |

### 2018

2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Bhopal Madhya :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | INC | Arif Masood | |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |
| | INC gain from BJP | INC gain from BJP | Swing |
# Cover FX

Cover FX is an American cosmetics company headquartered in New York.

## Company history

Cover FX was founded in 1999 by chemist Victor Casale and Lee Graff in a Toronto clinic to create cosmetics specializing in skin issues and sensitivities. The line was first sold in 2002 solely through referral by dermatologists. After the company and a client of theirs who had suffered from rosacea were profiled on Citytv, the media and social exposure led them to sell their line in retail stores, initially through Canadian drug store chain Shoppers Drug Mart, before chains in the UK, US, Hong Kong, and Australia. The company was acquired by L Catterton in 2011, which sold the company to AS Beauty in 2022.

## Lines

In the 2010s Cover FX was picked up by social media influencers, after which it began releasing new products. In 2016 the company began producing highlighters, and in 2017 they added a line of shimmer products called Glitter Drops as well as a sealing spray. In 2018 the company released the Power Play Foundation, a forty color line of semi-matte foundation for oily skin types, as well as a concealer. The company also runs a shade matcher on its website for those looking to match colors to their skin shade. In 2020, it added a virtual try-on aspect to its website. Then, in 2021 the company released a skin moisturizer, as a part of a new skin care line. In 2024 Cover FX partnered with Paris Jackson for the 2024 Grammy Awards, where Jackson used the company's Total Cover Cream Foundation to cover-up the tattoos on her arms during the event. The company then partnered on the same product with several TikTok content creators in February.
# This Is England (song)

"This Is England" is a song by the English punk rock band the Clash, released as a single in September 1985, from their sixth and final studio album, Cut the Crap. Produced by Bernard Rhodes and co-written by Strummer and Rhodes, it was the band's last single, in their later incarnation of Joe Strummer, Paul Simonon, Nick Sheppard, Pete Howard and Vince White.

## Composition

Written in late 1983, the song is about the state of England at the time. "This Is England" comprises a list of the problems in England during the early years of the Margaret Thatcher administration, addressing inner-city violence, urban alienation, life on council estates, high unemployment rate, England's dying motorcycle industry, racism, nationalism, and police corruption. Additionally, the song explores two very common subject matters for the mid-1980s left-wing songwriters: the wave of patriotism from the Falklands War and the consumerist, subservient mindset of many English people at the time.
The lyrics are considered some of the strongest from Joe Strummer, which were overshadowed by the negative reception to Cut the Crap. The song contains a drum machine and synthesizers, instruments which were mostly not utilized by The Clash during the Topper and Mick Jones era. The song begins with the squeaky voice of a market hawker shouting, "Four for a pound, your face flannels; three for a pound, your tea towels!"

## Release

The single was released on 7-inch vinyl, backed with "Do It Now", and on 12-inch vinyl format with a different cover and an additional track on side two, titled "Sex Mad Roar". Strummer described "This Is England" as his "last great Clash song".

## Reception

John Leland of Spin wrote, "anthemic Brit power the likes of which we haven't heard in years (Billy Bragg notwithstanding). It's definitely a rocker, with a ballsy rhythm-guitar line and a football-chant chorus. Strummer is in peak psychotic/idealist form: "

## Legacy

"This Is England" was included on The Essential Clash compilation in 2003. In 2006, the single was fully re-released on CD as disc 19 in Singles Box, accompanied by a faithful re-creation of the single's original artwork and the extra track "Sex Mad Roar" from the original 12-inch pressing. The single also appears on the 2007 collection The Singles. "This is England" is also the only song from Cut the Crap to ever appear on compilations.

## Track listing

All tracks written by Joe Strummer/Bernard Rhodes.

### 7" vinyl

* "This Is England" – 3:37
* "Do It Now" – 3:07

### 12" vinyl

* "This Is England" – 3:37
* "Do It Now" – 3:07
* "Sex Mad Roar" – 2:59

## Personnel

* Joe Strummer – lead vocals
* Paul Simonon – bass guitar, backing vocals
* Nick Sheppard – guitar, backing vocals
* Vince White – guitars
* Pete Howard – drums on "Do It Now" and "Sex Mad Roar"
* Bernie Rhodes – synthesisers, backing vocals, drums, sound effects

## Charts

| Chart (1985) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 62 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 13 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 26 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 16 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 24 |