OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Apus (bird)

The bird genus Apus comprise some of the Old World members of the family Apodidae, commonly known as swifts.
They are among the fastest birds in the world. They resemble swallows, to which they are not related, but have shorter tails and sickle-shaped wings. Swifts spend most of their life aloft, have very short legs and use them mostly to cling to surfaces.

## Taxonomy

The genus Apus was erected by the Italian naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1777 based on tautonymy and the common swift which had been given the binomial name Hirundo apus by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The name Apus is Latin for a swift, thought by the ancients to be a type of swallow with no feet (from Ancient Greek α, a, "without", and πούς, pous, "foot").
Before the 1950s, there was some controversy over which group of organism should have the genus name Apus. In 1801, Bosc gave the genus name Apus to the small crustacean organisms known today as Triops, and later authors continued to use this term. Keilhack suggested (in 1909) that this was incorrect since there was already an avian genus named Apus by Scopoli in 1777. The controversy was ended in 1958 when the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) ruled against the use of the genus name Apus for the crustaceans and recognized the name Triops.

## Species

The genus contains 20 species:
* Cape Verde swift, Apus alexandri
* Common swift, Apus apus
* Plain swift, Apus unicolor
* Nyanza swift, Apus niansae
* Pallid swift, Apus pallidus
* African black swift, Apus barbatus
* Malagasy black swift, Apus balstoni
* Fernando Po swift Apus sladeniae
* Forbes-Watson's swift, Apus berliozi
* Bradfield's swift, Apus bradfieldi
* Pacific swift, Apus pacificus
* Salim Ali's swift, Apus salimalii
* Blyth's swift, Apus leuconyx
* Cook's swift, Apus cooki
* Dark-rumped swift, Apus acuticauda
* Little swift, Apus affinis
* House swift, Apus nipalensis
* Horus swift, Apus horus
* White-rumped swift, Apus caffer
* Bates's swift Apus batesi
Known fossil species are:
* Apus gaillardi (Middle/Late Miocene of La Grive-St.-Alban, France)
* Apus wetmorei (Early – Late Pliocene? of SC and SE Europe)
* Apus baranensis (Late Pliocene of SE Europe)
* Apus submelba (Middle Pleistocene of Slovakia)
The Miocene "Apus" ignotus is now placed in Procypseloides.
# Frank Murrey

Frank Lester Murrey (July 27, 1900 – February 14, 1977) was an American college football player, track athlete, and banker. He plaued football at Princeton University from 1918 to 1920 and was selected by Walter Camp as the first-team quarterback on the 1918 All-America college football team.

## Early years

Murrey was born in Nashville, Tennessee. He attended the Tabox School and at The Webb School in Bell Buckle, Tennessee. He played sandlot football in Nashville and at The Webb School.

## Princeton

Murrey played quarterback for Princeton University from 1918 to 1921. As a freshman, he was selected by both Walter Camp and the Frank Menke Syndicate as a first-team player on the 1918 All-America college football team. Murrey was a prominent athlete and won the British AAA Championships title in the javelin event at the 1920 AAA Championships.
Also in 1920, Murrey ran 77 yards for a touchdown in Princeton's 14–0 victory over Navy. The New York Times described the run as a "nerve-tingling moment" and a "dazzling serpentine gallop." He was also rated as "one of the all-time great dropkickers." He reportedly once converted 50 consecutive field goals from a distance of 40 yards. In 2000, Murrey was named as one of the backs on Princeton's All-Century Team 1900-99.
In 1921, he won the Elks Grand Prix, a 600-meter special invitation race featuring the nine top college stars.

## Later years

Murphy served in the military during World War I. He also worked for a banking house in New York and then returned to Tennessee where he worked for Rogers Caldwell Co. He later worked for an investment banking firm in Chicago and then returned to Tennessee where he worked as president of Franklin Industrial Corp., founded the Dixie Poultry Processing Company, and finally worked as a public relations director for Harpeth National Bank until retiring in 1972. He died on February 14, 1977, after a lengthy illness at age 76, at Williamson County Memorial Hospital in Franklin, Tennessee.
Murrey was married to Mary Farr Denton. They had two children, Lale and Betty.
# Roy Christian

Fletcher Roy Christian, MBE (10 October 1943 – 19 November 2024) was a New Zealand professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. A centre, he captained New Zealand in the sport. Christian also captained the New Zealand Māori rugby league team.

## Early life and family

Christian was born in Auckland on 10 October 1943 to Norfolk Island parents, Leaonard Beaumont and Anna Matilda Christian. He was a direct descendant of Fletcher Christian, a figure in the 1789 Mutiny on the Bounty. He was educated at Otahuhu College and the University of Auckland.
In 1966, Christian married Robyn Cheryl Plant, and the couple went on to have two children.

## Rugby league

During the 1965 Kangaroo tour of New Zealand Christian played on the wing in both Test matches against Australia. While playing for Otahuhu in 1966, Christian was awarded the Lipscombe Cup for Premier One sportsman of the year. However, injury caused him to miss the 1968 World Cup.
During the 1969 Kangaroo tour of New Zealand Christian played on the wing in the 2nd Test victory against Australia. He was then part of the Auckland side that defeated the tourists. He was appointed captain of the New Zealand national side in 1970 and played in that year's World Cup.
During the 1971 Kangaroo tour of New Zealand Christian captained New Zealand from centre in the Test match victory against Australia at Carlaw Park. Also in 1971, his Kiwis side became the first New Zealand touring team to win a test series in Britain. The 1972 World Cup was the last time Christian represented New Zealand. He retired with little fanfare as no test matches were scheduled for 1973. He had played in 74 matches for the Kiwis, including 32 tests. After retirement Christian served as the Otahuhu Leopards chairman.
In the 1972 Queen's Birthday Honours, Christian was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire, for services to rugby league football. In 2007, he was inducted as one of the New Zealand Rugby League's "Legends of League".

## Presbyterian minister

Christian studied at the Presbyterian School of Ministry at Knox College in Dunedin, and became a minister of the Presbyterian Church in 1984.

## Death

Christian died on 19 November 2024, at the age of 81.
# Eperua grandiflora

Eperua grandiflora (Arawak: Yoboko, Itoeri Walaba, Guyanese Creole: Ituri Wallaba, Yokobo Wallaba) is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to northern South America. This evergreen tree is used both for construction and medicinal purposes. Its inner bark is decoted as a traditional remedy for toothache. This tree relies on gravity to disperse its seeds.
# John Graham (journalist)

John Graham (1926–1974) was a Northern Irish IPC-commended journalist who wrote for numerous British regional and national newspaper titles and was political editor of the Sunday Mirror during the early 1970s.

## Personal life

Born John Alwyn Graham on 10 October 1926 in Omagh, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, Graham was educated as a scholarship boy at The Royal School Armagh. He left school at 16 to begin his apprenticeship at The Ulster Gazette as a tea boy. This was Graham's first step toward a 31-year career in journalism that would lead him to become a front page fixture on Fleet Street. He later joined the Labour Party in 1949 and sat on both its policy and publicity committees in Northern Ireland.

## Journalism

Graham began his career as a junior reporter on the Ulster Gazette in County Armagh, Northern Ireland, before moving to the Belfast Telegraph where he was the industrial correspondent. He later joined the Daily Herald as its only staff journalist in Ireland, stating when interviewed in 1972:
   Much of my time was spent in dashing back and forth across the border after stories.
John was the youngest member of the NUJ's National Executive, while he became chief news editor and foreign editor of the pre-Murdoch Sun prior to becoming political correspondent and later political editor on theSunday Mirror from 1969.
He received a special commendation in the IPC National Press Awards for two years running – in both 1972 and 1973.

## Tributes

Following John's untimely death in Biarritz, France on 7 August 1974, messages were received by the Editor of the Sunday Mirror from both Prime Minister Harold Wilson and the Leader of the Opposition Edward Heath. Wilson stated, as directly quoted to the Editor:
   John was a man who was not only admired for his high professionalism but who also won great affection by his personal qualities of charm, integrity and good humour. We shall miss him greatly.
He is buried at St Mark's Church of Ireland, Armagh.
# Rivnopil, Velyka Novosilka settlement hromada, Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast

Rivnopil (Ukrainian: Рівнопіль; Russian: Ровнополь) is a village in Volnovakha Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at about 85.99 kilometres (53.43 mi) southwest by west (SWbW) of the centre of Donetsk city. It belongs to Velyka Novosilka settlement hromada. It is situated on the border of the Donetsk Oblast and the Zaporizhia Oblast.

## History

The village was taken under control by Russian forces in March 2022 and was regained by Ukrainian forces on 25 June 2023. In mid-November 2024, the Russian armed forces regained control over the settlement.

## Demographics

As of the 2001 Ukrainian census, the settlement had 98 inhabitants, whose native languages were 43.88% Ukrainian and 56.12% Russian.
# Oommen Mathew

Oommen Mathew (22 December 1939 – 20 July 2013) was a politician from Kerala, India.
Mathew was the son of M. C. Oommen of the Mammoottil house in Thalavady. He was the working chairman of Kerala Congress (Jacob), a splinter faction of Kerala Congress. From 1980 to 1982, he was a member of the 6th Kerala Legislative Assembly (India) representing the Kuttanad Constituency. He was appointed the chairman of Kerala State Housing Board in 1982, and held that position until 1986. In 2001, he again contested from Kuttanad constituency but lost to K.C. Joseph of LDF. At the time of his death, he was the chairman of State Farming Corporation of Kerala.
Mathew married Annamma and has two sons and two daughters.
Mathew died at a private hospital in Kochi on 20 July 2013 of a heart attack, aged 73.

## Other positions held

* President, All India Housing Development Association
* President, Thalavady Panchayath
* Chairman, Champakulam BDC
* Member, KSRTC Advisory Committee, Kerala State Transport Authority, Food Advisory Committee, Kerala State Archives Council
* President, Kerala Karshaka Union
* General secretary, Kerala Congress
* General secretary, Democratic Indira Congress (Karunakaran)
# Nottingham Road

Nottingham Road is a town 19 km south of Mooi River and 59 km north-west of Pietermaritzburg on the R103 road in South Africa. Founded in 1905 and named after the Nottingham Regiment which was stationed there when trouble was expected from the Basotho in the 19th century. A popular trout-fishing area.

## History

Settlers from Scotland settled the area in the mid-19th century. At the end of 1885, the railway reached where the town now lies, before which the area was named after the contractor Harrison's Camp. For two years, it was known as Karkloof Station, but since Karkloof and the nearby Karkloof Forest were far away and nobody from there used the station, it was renamed Nottingham Road Station after Fort Nottingham down the road. The station started developing the area as a rural center.
A small hotel and store were established where George Nicol's smithy would later be (now the location of the Mount West liquor store). In 1889, George Orwin bought the land where the Railway Hotel (today known as the Nottingham Road Hotel) would be built by C. Morgan and finished in 1891. In April 1884, John King donated the grounds where a small wood and iron Presbyterian church known as St. John's Gowrie would be built, and it opened in February 1885. A memorial to those from the area who lost their lives in World War I opened on the church grounds near the entrance on 26 January 1992.
The Nottingham Road Farmers' Association, one of the oldest agricultural societies in South Africa, was founded on 26 October 1887 by 11 prominent local citizens in the Railway Hotel. Their meeting hall, a longtime project, opened in December 1933. Today, it hosts the Notthingham Road Landowners' Association and a local library. The hall is used for the Association's meetings and also rented out for other functions.
In 1866, the first sheep were brought from Cape Colony via a thousand-mile overland journey. Livestock theft by local San people led to the 1869 Reprisal launched from Fort Nottingham. The campaign, which established the boundaries in the settlers' favor, was commemorated in some of the final San rock art.

## Leisure

* Horse riding, polo and drag hunting are popular recreation activities in the area.
* Trout-fishing here dates to 1884.
* Every May, the two-day Sherwood Medieval Festival is held in town.
# John Kenyon (footballer)

John Francis Kenyon (born 2 December 1953) is an English former footballer who played for Blackburn Rovers in the early 1970s as a forward.

## Career

John Francis Kenyon, a talented forward known for his speed and eye for goal. In 1970, Kenyon began his football career with Great Harwood Town. While at Great Harwood, Kenyon became one of the stars of the club which generated interest from Arsenal, Crystal Palace and Blackburn Rovers.
At age 18, Kenyon signed with the Rovers under coach Ken Furphy. In 1975, Kenyon's goal against Brighton & Hove Albion gave the Rovers the Third Division championship in 1975. Kenyon spent some time with Liverpool F.C. scoring a hat trick on his debut before returning to Blackburn Rovers.
After disagreements with manager Jim Smith, Kenyon joined Wigan Athletic, scoring two goals for the club in 13 Northern Premier League appearances. In 1977, he moved again to Runcorn, where he became another one of the fans favoured players supporting the team through its FA Cup qualifying campaign.
# Brok, Podlaskie Voivodeship

Brok is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wysokie Mazowieckie, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of Wysokie Mazowieckie and 44 km (27 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.
# Alzano Madonna

The Madonna with Child, or Alzano Madonna, sometimes known as Madonna of the Pear, is an oil-on-panel painting by Italian Renaissance artist Giovanni Bellini, executed around 1485.

## History

The work has been in Bergamo since as early as the 16th century, where it likely arrived as part of the dowry of Lucrezia Agliardi, who had been abbess in the monastery of Alzano Lombardo, whence the name.
After several passages of ownership, in 1891 it was donated to the current museum.

## Description

In this picture, Bellini represented the traditional theme of Mary and Child Jesus. Behind them is a hanging tapestry resembling the thrones with baldachin that were common in the contemporary sacred conversations. At the sides are a landscape with towers, castles and small figures, as typical in the artist's production.
In the foreground is a red marble parapet where is the usual cartouche with Bellini's signature. There is also a fruit, perhaps a reference to the original sin, or an emblem of the Virgin derived from holy books or hymns. The fruit is traditionally regarded as a pear, but is actually a cow-nose apple.
This Madonna is generally considered a model of later works, such as the Madonna of the Red Cherubims or the Madonna of the Small Trees, both in the Galeria dell'Academia, Venice.
# Bryki, Wysokie Mazowieckie County

Bryki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wysokie Mazowieckie, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Wysokie Mazowieckie and 53 km (33 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.
# Koche Munda

Koche Munda is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Munda is a member of the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly from the Torpa constituency in Khunti district.
# Marcello Leopardi

Marcello Leopardi (1750–1795) was an Italian painter, depicting both sacred subjects and history in a late-Baroque and early Neoclassic style.
He was born presumably in Potenza Picena. By 1768, he was participating in contests sponsored by the Accademia del nudo in Campidoglio, Rome. In 1771, he won a third prize in a painting contest held by the Accademia di San Luca. He is cited as a pupil of either Stefano Pozzi or Tommaso Conca.
In 1782, he moved to Perugia, where he completed a number of paintings for the oratory of the Confraternita della Giustizia. He was one of the artists employed in decorating the Perugia Cathedral (1782–1785). He helped decorate the palazzi Conestabile della Staffa and Ranieri with frescoes depicting mythologic and classic history themes. He moved to Foligno, where he decorated other palaces.
He was commissioned by Pope Pius VI to complete an altarpiece of the Guardian Angels for the church of Sant'Andrea a Subiaco in Rome. He continued to work in Rome, often producing works for churches in other towns, including Viterbo. He painted three altarpieces for the church of San Michele Arcangelo ai Minoriti in Catania.
In 1794, he was elected academic of merit of the Accademia di San Luca of Rome, submitting an entry canvas depicting Amore e Psiche. The work was derided as scandalous by Tommaso Conca. In 1794 he also joined the Congregazione dei Virtuosi al Pantheon.
Vincenzo Ferreri of Perugia was a pupil.
# Japan National Route 418

National Route 418 is a national highway of Japan connecting Ōno, Fukui and Iida, Nagano in Japan, with a total length of 243.3 km (151.2 mi).
# Lindu (district)

Lindu is a district of Sigi Regency in Central Sulawesi province, Indonesia. The district concsist of five villages and has its seat in Tomado village. The district has total area of 552.03 square kilometers and had population of 5,949 people as of 2022. The most populated village of the district is Olu with population of 1,966 people in 2022, while the most densely populated village is Puroo with density of 22 people per square kilometre. The district is located inside the Lore Lindu National Park and also contains the Lindu Lake.

## History

The district was initially created by Donggala Regency government on 2008 based on Regional Law Number 8 of 2008 before the creation of the Sigi Regency. The native inhabitants of the region are To-Lindu people.

## Culture

To-Lindu people who inhabited the district mostly lives in social structures centered around Poboya or villages, mainly in Langko, Tomado, and Anca. They have Suoribunde which is their second house owned by families combined with their personal small garden producing foods, where they spend most of their time on as opposed to their actual house. This is to tend their garden, prepare for transport of the goods to the towns, as well as protecting their plants from wild boars.
The culture around the region held high regards of the Lindu Lake, with various folk legends dedicated to the lake and its formation.

## Economy

The district is mainly focused on agriculture with 989 hectares of land dedicated to cocoa plantation and 589 hectares to coffee plantation as of 2022. In addition,the district in 2022 has cultivated area for chili pepper of 7 hectares, from which it produces 22.1 tonnes during the same year.

## Administrative division

Lindu has five villages. They are listed below with their respective population as of 2022.
* Puroo (878)
* Langko (936)
* Tomado (1,415)
* Anca (754)
* Olu (1,966)

## Infrastructure

The district as of 2022 has 12 kindergartens, 14 elementary schools, 2 junior highschools, as well as 2 senior highschools and one vocational highschool. The district also has 9 mosques, 20 Protestant churches, and 2 Catholic churches as of 2022. On communication infrastructure, the district has 2 base transceiver station with access to 4G as of 2022 according to Statistics Indonesia. On healthcare infrastructure, the district is served only by one puskesmas and 11 healthcare posts as of 2022.
# Didier Lemaire

Didier Lemaire (born 23 July 1975) is a French politician. As a member of Horizons, he was elected member of parliament for Haut-Rhin's 3rd constituency in the 2022 French legislative election.
# Rob Olson

Rob Olson, also known as Robbie Olson and Rob Olsen, is a retired U.S. soccer player who is Director of Operations and Coaching for the Virginia-based Southwestern Youth Association Soccer (SYA Soccer).

## Youth

Olson graduated from Robinson Secondary School in Fairfax County, Virginia. He then attended the College of William and Mary from 1977 to 1980, where he played as a forward on the men's soccer team. He is ranked 2nd on the school's list of career goals with 33.

## Professional

Olson joined the Georgia Generals of the American Soccer League in 1982. In 1983, the U.S. Soccer Federation, in coordination with the North American Soccer League (NASL), entered the U.S. national team, known as Team America, into the NASL as a league franchise. The team drew on U.S. citizens playing in the NASL, Major Indoor Soccer League and American Soccer League. Two players from the Georgia Generals, Olson and teammate Sonny Askew, signed with Team America. When Team America finished the 1983 season with a 10–20 record, the worst in the NASL, the USSF withdrew the team from the league. In 1985, Olson played with the Kalamazoo Kangaroos of the American Indoor Soccer Association. Finally, in 1988, he reunited with Georgia Generals and Team America teammate Askew when both played for the Washington Stars of the newly re-established ASL.

## National team

Olson earned his single cap with the U.S. national team when he came on as a substitute for Boris Bandov in the only U.S. game of 1983.

## Post playing career

He joined SYA Soccer in 1986 and became the assistant director of Soccer Education since 1997. He is the current Director of Operations and Coaching.
On May 13, 2006, he was inducted into the Virginia Soccer Hall of Fame.
He coached the Centreville High School Girl's Varsity soccer team, as well as his 3 SYA teams.
# Shadow Cabinet of Nepal

In Nepalese politics, the shadow cabinet is the opposition's equivalent of the federal cabinet.
The last shadow cabinet was formed by main opposition party Nepali Congress on 20 May 2019. Congress President and Parliamentary Party Leader Sher Bahadur Deuba formed 21 ministerial-level coordination committees as per Section 9 (5A) of the Congress Statute. The committees function as a shadow cabinet, while the coordinator of each committee functions as a shadow minister.

## Members

| Portfolio | Office holder | Committee members |
# Kesen meteorite

The Kesen meteorite fell on June 13, 1850, landing in a swamp in the outskirts of the city of Rikuzentakata, Kesen District in Iwate Prefecture, Japan.

## Classification

It was classified as a H4-type ordinary chondrite.

## Main mass

The meteorite initially weighed 135 kilograms (298 lb), however some local residents cut off pieces for charms or souvenirs such that its current weight is 106 kilograms (234 lb). The meteorite was moved to Tokyo where it was held in the Imperial Household Museum. It is currently housed at the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo. A full-scale replica was housed at the Rikuzentakata Municipal Museum until it was lost in the 2011 Tōhoku tsunami.