OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Egyptian Gazette

The Egyptian Gazette, first published on 26 January 1880, is the oldest English-language newspaper in the Middle East.
Today, the Egyptian daily is part of El Tahrir Printing and Publishing House. Eyad Abu El Haggag is chairman of the Gazette's board and Mohamed Fahmy has been the editor-in-chief since Sept. 27, 2020.

## History

The Egyptian Gazette was founded in 1880 as a four-page weekly tabloid in Alexandria by five Britons, including Andrew Philip, as editor, and Moberly Bell, later managing editor of The Times in London.
The newspaper's offices were moved to Cairo on 20 February 1938.
Shortly before World War II, ownership of The Egyptian Gazette passed to the Société Orientale de Publicité (SOP) (English: Eastern Publishing Company), in which Oswald J. Finney, a wealthy British businessman, was the major shareholder. The Egyptian Gazette found itself associated with The Egyptian Mail, another English-language Egyptian newspaper, founded in 1914, and also owned by the SOP. The market was split between the two dailies, with the Mail appearing in the morning, and the Gazette in the evening.
At the end of the war and with the departure of most of the British Army stationed in Egypt, the market for English-language newspapers shrank dramatically. As a result, and as continues to the present day, The Egyptian Gazette is published every day except Tuesdays, when the now-weekly The Egyptian Mail appears.
In May 1954, following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and the nationalization program of President Nasser, El Tahrir Printing and Publishing House took over ownership of the newspaper from the SOP. Amin Abul Enein was appointed managing editor, bringing the newspaper under the editorial authority of an Egyptian for the first time.

## Editorship

| Year | Editor |
| 1880 - 1899 | Andrew V. Philip |
| 1899 - 1922 | Rowland Snelling |
| 1952 - 1978 | Amin Aboul-Enein |
| 1978 - 1980 | Ramez El Halawani |
| 1980 - 1989 | Sami el-Shahed |
| 1989 - 1991 | Mohamed el-Ezabi |
| 1991 - 2005 | Mohamed Ali Ibrahim |
| 2005 - 2011 | Ramadan Abdel Kader |
| 2014 - 2020 | Mohamed Kassem |
| 2020 - now | Mohamed Fahmy |
# C. T. D. Marivate

Cornelius Tennyson Daniel Marivate (10 April 1927 – 4 December 2020) was a South African politician, academic and writer, known for his work in Tsonga. He won the South African Literary Awards Lifetime Achievement Award in 2019.
Marivate worked at the University of South Africa (UNISA) from 1963 to 1992. He served briefly in the government of the Gazankulu bantustan and later represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1996 to 1999.

## Early life and career

Marivate was the second-born son of Daniel Marivate, a renowned South African composer and writer. He was born on 10 April 1927 and raised at a Swiss mission station in Valdesia in the former Transvaal province, where his father was a teacher and pastor. He himself began teaching in 1948 at a nearby primary school, while studying by correspondence for his school-leaving certificate.
After he completed his bachelor's degree at UNISA in 1963, he was invited to join the university's African languages department as UNISA's first Xitsonga-native lecturer. Beginning as a lecturer and ultimately becoming head of department, he remained at UNISA until his retirement in 1992. During that time he completed his master's degree, on Tsonga folk tales, and in 1982 his doctorate, on ideophone and onomatopoeia in African languages. He also completed a diploma in music through the London School of Music.

## Political career

Marivate was occasionally involved in politics during apartheid. In 1978, he successfully campaigned for election to a seat in the Gazankulu Legislative Assembly, but withdrew before he was sworn in. Later he served as a minister in the Gazankulu government under Chief Minister Samuel Dickenson Nxumalo, while also serving as a delegate to the Convention for a Democratic South Africa.
After the end of apartheid in 1994, he was appointed as a member of the Public Service Commission in the new Northern Province (later renamed Limpopo); the main task of the commission was to reintegrate the Gazankulu, Lebowa, and Venda homelands with parts of the Transvaal provincial administration. In October 1996, he was sworn in to the National Assembly, the lower house of the new South African Parliament, where he filled a casual vacancy in an ANC seat. He advocated for a political programme involving self-reliance, reconciliation, and cooperation among political parties. He left the Parliament after the next general election in 1999.

## Music and literature

Marivate wrote several books in Tsonga, including Jim Xilovekelo (1965) and Mpambulwa Wa Switlhokovetselo (1983), and he translated others from English, including a book of Tsonga folktales. In 2019, he won the South African Literary Awards's Lifetime Achievement Award for his body of work in Tsonga. Like his father, he was also involved in composing and conducting choral music.

## Personal life and death

He was married to Stephina and had seven children. He was an adherent of the Moral Rearmament movement and a member of the Evangelical Presbyterian Church. He died on 4 December 2020, aged 93.
# Shipunovo, Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast

Shipunovo (Russian: Шипуново) is a rural locality (a village) in Vorobyovskoye Rural Settlement, Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 17 as of 2002.

## Geography

Shipunovo is located 62 km northeast of Sokol (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pirogovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Armoire (Augustus Pugin)

This 'Armoire', displayed at the Great Exhibition of 1851, was designed by Augustus Pugin (1812–52) and made by frequent collaborator John Gregory Crace (1809-1889).

## History and description

The cabinet was the grandest piece in the group of furniture designed by Pugin and made by Crace for the Medieval Court in the Great Exhibition of 1851. As Crace was a judge for Class XXVI (furniture) and the cabinet was exhibited in his name, it was not eligible for a medal.
The shields along the top and the carved decorative motifs were drawn from medieval sources. The motifs include Crace's initials, a plummet (carpenter's tool) as an emblem of his honesty, and a compass to indicate his ability to keep within his estimates. Many designers of the Victorian period were inspired by the art of the Middle Ages, but Pugin was probably the greatest and most ardent exponent of the Gothic Revival style.
A prolific designer, best remembered for his decoration of the Houses of Parliament, Pugin exhausted himself and died the year after this cupboard was made, aged only forty. The Victoria and Albert Museum bought the cupboard directly from the 1851 Exhibition, making it one of its earliest acquisitions.
# Lytle

Lytle is a surname that can refer to:
* Andrew Nelson Lytle (1902–1995), American writer
* Bob Lytle (1916–1998), American basketball player
* Chris Lytle, American martial arts fighter
* Donald Lytle (1938–2003), stage name of Johnny Paycheck, American singer-songwriter
* Jason Lytle, American musician
* Johnny Lytle, American boxer, musician
* Lutie Lytle, American lawyer
* Marshall Lytle, American musician
* Rob Lytle, American football player
* Robert Todd Lytle, American politician
* William Haines Lytle, American general, politician, and poet
# Derek Waters

Derek Waters is an American actor, comedian, screenwriter, producer, and director. He is best known for his work on the television series Drunk History (2013–2019), which earned him eight Primetime Emmy Award nominations.

## Early life

Waters was raised in Lutherville, Maryland. Waters is Jewish, dyslexic, and was in special education in school. As a child, he aspired to be a professional baseball player, but didn't make his high school team, and so became a Little League umpire. He attended Towson High School in Towson, Maryland, graduating in 1998. The following year, he went to Second City in Toronto, Canada, 1999 to study sketch and improv comedy.

## Career

After moving to Los Angeles, he worked at Tower Video, a job he liked since he had never been exposed to independent movies before. He has performed sketch comedy in Los Angeles since 2000, and for many years was part of the comedy duo Derek & Simon with Simon Helberg. The two starred together in the web series Derek & Simon: The Show on the comedy website Super Deluxe, which they created with comedian Bob Odenkirk. They made two short films "Derek & Simon: The Pity Card" (co-starring Zach Galifianakis and Bill Hader) and "Derek & Simon: A Bee and a Cigarette" (co-starring Casey Wilson and Emily Rutherfurd) and had a pilot deal with HBO in 2005.
In 2003, he co-starred in the ABC series Married to the Kellys.
Waters has appeared on television programs such as The League, Funny or Die Presents, It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, Nick Swardson's Pretend Time, Maron, Happy Endings, Suburgatory, The Sarah Silverman Program, Santa Clarita Diet, and The Middle. He has also appeared in films such as The Brothers Solomon, Hall Pass, For Your Consideration, and This Means War. Waters also voiced the self-centred, non sequitur-spouting weasel Dipster in the 2012 Shut Up! Cartoons series Weasel Town, starring with Jason Ritter.
Waters co-created and hosts the Comedy Central series Drunk History. The show originally started as a series of shorts for Funny or Die. The show has won multiple awards, such as the jury prize in short filmmaking at the Sundance Festival and was nominated for seventeen Primetime Emmy Awards, garnering Waters eight nominations.

## Influences

Some of Waters's influences are Mark Borchardt and Christopher Guest.
# Annick Lambrecht

Annick Lambrecht (born 9 December 1969) is a Belgian politician and member of the Chamber of Representatives. A member of Vooruit, she has represented West Flanders since June 2024. She had previously been a member of the Chamber of Representatives from January 2017 to May 2019. She was a member of the Senate from July 2019 to May 2024 and a member of the Flemish Parliament from June 2019 to June 2024.
Lambrecht was born on 9 December 1969 in Sint-Amandsberg. She has a degree in commercial sciences from the Sint-Aloysius School of Economics [nl] (EHSAL). She was a lecturer at the Hogeschool West-Vlaanderen for ten years.
Lambrecht was elected to the municipal council in Bruges at the 2006 local election. She became schepen (alderman) for personnel, mobility and sports from 2007 to 2017. She was re-elected at the 2012 and 2018 local elections. She was elected to the provincial council in West Flanders at the 2012 local elections.
Lambrecht contested the 2007 federal election as the Socialist Party Different (SP.A)'s 14th placed candidate in West Flanders but was not elected. She contested the 2014 federal election as the SP.A's first placed substitute candidate in West Flanders and received 8,728 preference votes. She was appointed to the Chamber of Representatives in January 2017 following the resignation of Johan Vande Lanotte. She was elected to the Flemish Parliament at the 2019 regional election. She was elected to the Senate by the Flemish Parliament in July 2019. She was elected to the Chamber of Representatives at the 2024 federal election.
Lambrecht is in a relationship with Renaat Landuyt and has two daughters.
Electoral history of Annick Lambrecht :
| Election | Constituency | Party | Votes | Result |
| 2006 local | Bruges | Socialist Party Different | 1,971 | Elected |
| 2007 federal | West Flanders | Socialist Party Different | 6,249 | Not elected |
| 2012 local | Bruges | Socialist Party Different | 4,677 | Elected |
| 2012 provincial | West Flanders - Bruges | Socialist Party Different | 4,924 | Elected |
| 2018 local | Bruges | Socialist Party Different | 2,942 | Elected |
| 2019 regional | West Flanders | Socialist Party Different | 22,291 | Elected |
| 2024 federal | West Flanders | Vooruit | 10,263 | Elected |
# Luke Zimmerman

Luke Zimmerman (born September 11, 1980, in Evanston, Illinois, United States) is an American actor who is best known for his role as Tom Bowman on ABC Family's The Secret Life of the American Teenager.

## Early life

Zimmerman was born with Down syndrome. He played Romeo in the play Romeo and Juliet and performed in the 1990 television movie drama Daughter of the Streets.
In 2007, Zimmerman tried out for the role of Tom Bowman, Grace Bowman's adopted older brother on The Secret Life of the American Teenager, which began airing in July 2008. He also appeared on Glee in November 2013.

## Personal life

Zimmerman was a student at Performing Arts Studio West.

## Filmography

Film :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1990 | Daughter of the Streets | Andrew | |
Television :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2008-2013 | The Secret Life of the American Teenager | Tom Bowman | |
| 2013 | Glee | Student | Episode: "Movin' Out" |
# Chikoida Mountain

Chikoida Mountain is a mountain on the Taku Plateau in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, located 52 km (32 mi) southeast of Atlin on the east side of the Silver Salmon River.
Chikoida Mountain is a volcanic feature of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province that formed in the past 66.4 million years of the Cenozoic era.
# Hypercallia citrinalis

Hypercallia citrinalis is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in Europe, Asia Minor, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Mongolia and southern Siberia (Altai, Minusinsk, Irkutsk).
The wingspan is about 19 mm.The forewings are bright yellow; a streak along basal third of costa with two oblique projections, a slender fascia from middle of costa to 1/3 of dorsum, connected by two downward-oblique bars with an irregular interrupted subterminal fascia, second discal stigma, and a narrow terminal fascia bright crimson. Hindwings are grey. The larva is greenish-grey; dorsal line whitish; dots black, whitish ringed; head and 2 black - speckled.
The moth flies from June to July depending on the location.
The larvae feed on Polygala vulgaris and Polygala calcarea.
# Pieksämäen maalaiskunta

Pieksämäen maalaiskunta is a former municipality of Finland. On January 1, 2004 it was joined to new municipality of Pieksänmaa with Jäppilä and Virtasalmi.
# Putul Kumari

Putul Kumari (born 16 November 1958) is an Indian politician from Bihar state, who has lost Lok Sabha elections from Banka a couple of times, latest in 2019. She was elected to Lok Sabha from Banka in a by-poll in 2010, after the death of her husband who had won from Banka in 2009 General Election.

## Personal life

She is the widow of Digvijay Singh, who previously held the seat. She has two daughters named Mansi Singh and Shreyasi Singh who is her younger daughter. Shreyasi Singh is international-level trap shooter and a politician. Shreyasi Singh had secured 4th rank in 2010 Commonwealth Games held at Delhi and won Gold in 2018 Commonwealth Games.

## Childhood and education

Born on 16 November 1958 at Pali, Patna (Bihar) from father Late Jang Bahadur Singh and mother Smt Lalghari Devi, she completed her M.A. in Hindi from Patna University.

## Political career

She won a by-election in 2010 to enter the Lok Sabha for the first time. She took the oath of office on 26 November 2010.
In her maiden speech, during the Railway Budget in March 2011 she asked for more railway lines for her constituency, which is a backward area.
The family has had on-off association with BJP, with both Digvijay Singh and Putul Kumari having fought elections from Banka as BJP candidate as well as independents.

## Social and cultural activities

She is very active for promoting primary education of children; organising health camps `swasthyaya melas` and mass marriages of girls belonging to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. She is also associated with (i) establishment/functioning of charitable hospitals; and (ii) Gidhaur Foundation and Gidhaur Mohotsava Annual Festival celebrated during Durga Puja festival at Gidhaur.

## Interests

She works for Reiki (third level completed), working for upliftment of the deprived people. She is also a great fan of sports and games. She is associated with shooting event;she owns membership of Rifle Association of India;she likes practicing yoga and organising yoga sessions. Her favourite pastimes and recreation activities are reading religious literature (OSHO and Swami Satyanand) and fiction;also interested in gardening, devotional music, interior designing; flower arrangement (Ikebana) and fishing.
# Radheshyam Rathiya

Radheshyam Rathiya (born 12 May 1972) is an Indian politician. He has been elected to Lok Sabha from Raigarh Lok Sabha constituency. He is a member of Bharatiya Janta Party.
# Red-throated thrush

The red-throated thrush (Turdus ruficollis) is a passerine bird in the thrush family. It is sometimes regarded as one subspecies of a polytypic species, "dark-throated thrush", black-throated thrush then being the other subspecies. More recent treatments regard the two as separate species. The scientific name comes from Latin. Turdus is "thrush" and the specific ruficollis is derived from rufus, "red", and collum, "neck".
The red-throated thrush is a migratory Palearctic species. It breeds in East Siberia to North Manchuria wintering to West China, Myanmar, and Northeast India. Its range overlaps with the more westerly-breeding black-throated thrush. It is a large thrush with a plain grey back and reddish underwings. The adult male has a red throat. Females and young birds lack the bib, but have black-streaked underparts. This bird species is a very rare vagrant to western Europe.
# Kawdy Mountain

Kawdy Mountain is a subglacial mound on the Kawdy Plateau, the northernmost sub-plateau of the Stikine Plateau in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. It consists of nearly horizontal beds of basaltic lava, capping outward dipping beds of fragmental volcanic rocks and last erupted in Pleistocene. Kawdy Mountain is one of many basaltic volcanic features of the Stikine Volcanic Belt, which is forming because the North American tectonic plate is stretching slightly as it moves to the west.
# Dadisetti Ramalingeswara Rao

Dadisetti Ramalingeswara Rao, commonly known as Raja, is the current Member of the Legislative Assembly (India) of Tuni in East Godavari District. He is from the YSR Congress Party.

## Personal life

Dadisetti Ramalingeswara Rao was born on 22 March 1976 to Sri Dadisetti Sankara Rao and Smt Satyanarayanamma in Tuni, Andhra Pradesh. They are traditionally a family of gold merchants. Rao graduated in Tuni. At the age of 32, he decided to enter politics full-time and joined the YSR Congress Party.
He is married to Smt Lakshmi Chaitanya and has one son and one daughter.

## Politics

Ramalingeswara Rao contested MLA elections for the first time in 2014 and won with a majority of 19,500 votes. He is currently a member of the committee on public accounts in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly, Tuni In 2019. Now he is Minister of A.P. cabinet.
# Peter Letsos

Peter Letsos (born January 1, 1979), aka Pete "The Greek," is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu black belt under Carlson Gracie Jr.

## Biography

Letsos is a 3X Pan Am medalist, as well as a 3X Gracie World Champion. He is known in Brazil for winning seven tournaments in one month.
Letsos began training in Jiu Jitsu in high school at the Carlson Gracie Academy in downtown Chicago, and won several matches in the Jiu Jitsu World Championships as a purple belt. He then lived and train Jiu Jitsu in Brazil for four years, spending many hours on the mat with Osvaldo Alves and Carlson Gracie.
He is featured in the book The Gracie Way by Jiu Jitsu journalist Kid Peligro.
Letsos has trained alongside many of the world's best Jiu Jitsu fighters and mixed martial artists, such as Fredson Paixao, André Galvão, Tony DeSouza, and Miguel Torres. He is friends with Eddie Bravo, Kenny Florian, Jeff Glover, and B.J. Penn. Letsos lived and trained with Penn at his mixed martial arts academy in Hilo, Hawaii, where he eventually suffered a devastating injury to his neck while surfing.
Since then, Letsos' emphasis has been on training students in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu at his gym, Rio Jiu Jitsu Academy, in Chicago's Irving Park neighborhood.

## Instructor lineage

Mitsuyo "Count Koma" Maeda → Carlos Gracie, Sr. → Carlson Gracie → Carlson Gracie Jr. → Peter Letsos
# Johanna Hård

Johanna Hård née Jungberg (3 December 1789 – 12 March 1851), was a Swedish pirate.

## Life

She was the daughter of farmer tenant Sven Haraldsson Jungberg (1736-1830) and Anna Britta Nilsdotter (1761-1825) in Hisingen in Gothenburg. In 1813, she married bookkeeper Fredrik Hård (1776-1817). As a widow, she lived on Vrångö Island. She had difficulty supporting herself as a widow, and was once arrested for smuggling after having sailed to Copenhagen and sold textiles against the custom regulations. In 1822, she was put on trial after being accused of murdering her newborn child, but freed after an investigation proved the child to have been stillborn.
In 1823, she was put on trial along with her servant Anders Andersson, boatswain Johan Andersson Flatås from Gothenburg (the spouse of her paternal aunt), fisher Christen Andersson, and his servant Carl Börjesson from Styrsö. They were accused of having attacked, plundered, and killed the crew of the Danish ship Frau Mette, which had been found plundered at Fotö and its crew slain. Hård denied all charges, but her co-accused testified that, while Hård had not been present during the attack on the ship, they had planned the act in her home, with her as the leading figure and brain behind the whole plot. Hård wrote a letter to her father asking him to testify to her favor and specifically to confirm that her servant Andersson had been at her home at the time of the attack; when the authorities confiscated the letter and asked her about them, she claimed to have written them during temporary insanity and confusion.
Johan Andersson Flatås, Anders Andersson, and Christen Andersson were beheaded for piracy and murder in 1824, and Carl Börjesson (d. 1835) was sentenced to forced labor. The evidence against Hård was insufficient for a verdict against her denial, and she was therefore released. She was confirmed to have lived in Stockholm from 1825, where she called herself a sea captain's widow. Apparently she managed to hide her past and eventually secured a position within the Royal Post Office, where she had a good reputation. She died in a charity hospital in Stockholm in 1851.

## Legacy

Johanna Hård was remembered in popular memory as one of two images; as the hardened criminal who persuaded her lover to abandon his honest profession to become a pirate; or as the poor destitute widow who did what she could to support herself.