OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William VIII of Jülich, Count of Ravensberg

William VIII of Jülich, Count of Ravensberg (c. 1380 – 22 November 1428) was the youngest son of William VII of Jülich, 1st Duke of Berg and Anna of the Palatinate.
Along with his brother, Adolf, William rebelled against his father but surrendered in 1404 and received his father's title as Count of Ravensberg which he held until his death in 1428.
In 1401, William was appointed Bishop of Paderborn by Pope Boniface IX through the influence of his uncle, Rupert, King of Germany. William's elder brother Rupert had held the same post from 1389–1394. Like his uncle, King Rupert, William was a follower of the Roman Popes. As Prince-Bishop, William aroused heavy unrest with his ecclesiastical reform effort and quarreled with Waldeck and Lippe, compelling acknowledgement of Paderborn's sovereignty over parts of Lippe. Despite territorial policy successes, he faced opposition and renounced Paderborn in 1414. He attempted to become Archbishop of Cologne but failed against Dietrich of Moers who also replaced William as Bishop of Paderborn. William then married Dietrich's niece, Adelheid of Tecklenburg, and became the father of the new line of the Dukes of Jülich-Berg and Counts of Ravensberg, when his brother Adolf died without an heir. William and Adelheid are buried in the Stiftskirche in Bielefeld.

## Family and children

On 19 February 1416, William married Adelheid of Tecklenburg, daughter of Nicholas II, Count of Tecklenburg and Elisabeth of Moers. They had one son:
* Gerhard (c. 1416–1475), married Sophie of Saxe-Lauenburg, daughter of Bernard II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
# John H. Jessen

John H. Jessen is recognized internationally as an innovator in the fields of computer forensics and electronic evidence discovery. Jessen has been quoted in The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Boston Globe, Le Monde, Newsweek, Forbes, Wired magazine, and on CBS’ 60 Minutes, ABC's 20/20 and the Discovery Channel. He has been called the "best of the breed" of electronic evidence experts by the American Bar Association (ABA) Journal and "the nation’s foremost authority on secret or deleted computer files" by Entrepreneur magazine.
EED Inc. founder Jessen is a technical advisor on electronic discovery to the Sedona Conference, the legal industry's premier forum dedicated to the advanced study of law and policy.
Jessen is the chairman of the Sedona Conference executive committee. He is also on the steering committee of and technical expert to the Sedona Conference Working Group on Electronic Document Retention and Production Archived 2007-08-27 at the Wayback Machine.
# Macau Wine Museum

The Macau Wine Museum (Chinese: 葡萄酒博物馆; Portuguese: Museu do Vinho) is a wine museum in Sé, Macau, China. It is located next to the Grand Prix Museum.

## History

The museum was inaugurated on 25 December 1995.

## Description

The museum spans over an area of 1,400 m$^2$. Its collection contains 1,115 different wines. Its earliest bottle is an 1815 Martle. The museum is divided into three sections: history of wine-making, wine collections, and wine displays.
Portuguese wines are displayed in accordance with the vintages respective region of origin and a wine tasting station.
# Macrosemiidae

Macrosemiidae is an extinct family of ginglymodian fish. The family first appeared during the Middle Triassic and disappeared during the Late Cretaceous. The group has been found in rock formations in Africa, Australia, Eurasia and North America. As ginglymodians, their closest living relatives are gars, with them being typically placed as nested within the Semionotiformes. Many members of the family have elongated dorsal fins, often associated with adjacent area of skin which was free of scales. These fins were likely undulated for use in precision swimming. Their body morphology suggests that they were slow swimmers that were capable of maneuvering around complex topography, such as reef environments.

## Taxonomy

* †Order Macrosemiiformes
** †Family Macrosemiidae, Thiollière, 1858
*** Genus †Eosemionotus
*** Genus †Agoultichthys
*** Genus †Aphanepygus
*** Genus †Disticholepis
*** Genus †Enchelyolepis
*** Genus †Orthurus
*** Genus †Petalopteryx
*** Genus †Neonotagogus
*** Genus †Histionotus
*** Genus †Legnonotus
*** Genus †Macrosemius
*** Genus †Propterus
** Incetae sedis
*** Genus †Uarbryichthys
*** Genus †Voelklichthys
# Malakpet railway station

Malakpet railway station is a railway station in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Localities like Chaderghat, Nalgonda 'X' Roads, Dilsukhnagar and Kothapet are accessible from this station.

## Lines

* Hyderabad Multi-Modal Transport System
** Secunderabad–Falaknuma route (SF Line)

## Gallery

* New railway station building dedicated to the Nation.
* Railway station board, small
* Railway station board, main
* MMTS route map
# Malatya Museum

Malatya Museum (Turkish: Malatya Müzesi) is a museum in Malatya, Turkey
The museum faces Kernek square in Malatya at 38°20′36″N 38°19′26″E﻿ / ﻿38.34333°N 38.32389°E﻿ / 38.34333; 38.32389
Although a smaller museum was established in 1971, the present museum building was opened in 1979.
Majority of the items in the museum are from various excavations like Arslantepe (Melid), Pirot, Caferhöyük, Köşkerbaba, İmamoğlu and Değirmentepe. There are also some items which are found during the construction of Karakaya Dam. These are from neolithic, chalcolithic, bronze Age, Hittites, Urartu, Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Anatolian Seljuks, Anatolian Beyliks and the Ottoman Empire eras. Some of the more important items in the museum are the following:
* Neolithic sculptures (dated to B.C. 8000) from Caferhöyük excavations
* Early Bronze Age swords (dated to B.C. 3200-3800) from Arslantepe excavations
* Human tomb (dated to B.C. 4000) from Arslantepe excavations
# Məmməddərə

Mammaddara (Azerbaijani: Məmməddərə) or Mariamadzor (Armenian: Մարիամաձոր) is a village in the Khojavend District of Azerbaijan, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The village had an ethnic Armenian-majority population prior to the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, and also had an Armenian majority in 1989.

## History

During the Soviet period, the village was part of the Hadrut District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast. After the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, the village was administrated as part of the Hadrut Province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh. The village came under the control of Azerbaijan on 15 October 2020, during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.

## Historical heritage sites

Historical heritage sites in and around the village include a cemetery and khachkar from between the 16th and 19th centuries, and the church of St. Minas (Armenian: Սուրբ Մինաս, romanized: Surb Minas) built in 1601.

## Demographics

The village had 258 inhabitants in 2005, and 245 inhabitants in 2015.

## Gallery

* Vnesa Fortress near the village, from between the 10th and 12th centuries
# IIT Council

The Council of Indian Institutes of Technology, or IIT Council, is the governing body responsible for all of the Indian Institutes of Technology.
The IIT Council comprises the minister-in-charge of technical education in the Union Government (as Chairman), three Members of Parliament, the Chairmen of all IITs, the Directors of all IITs, the Chairman of the University Grants Commission, the Director General of CSIR, the Chairman of IISc, the Director of IISc, the Joint Council Secretary of Ministry of Education, and three appointees each of the Union Government, AICTE and the Visitor. Under the IIT council are the Boards of Governors of each IITs.
# Marikamba Temple, Sagara

The Marikamba Temple is located in Sagara in the Shimoga district in the Indian state of Karnataka. It features the image of the goddess Marikamba Devi. The temple was built in the center of the city during the reign of Venkatappa Nayaka who ruled over Keladi and Ikkeri kingdom during the 16th century. Marikamba was the family deity of the Nayakas of Keladi.

## History

Adi Shankaracharya, the philosopher saint of Hindu religion, during one of his tours around South India visited Sagar. During his stay in the town goddess Marikamba appeared in his dream and told him to establish a temple for her at this place. He then consecrated the foot prints of the goddess at the outer limits of the city. During this period (1596), Kadamba, Chalukya and Hoysala dynasties were at war with each other. At this time, Venkatappa Nayaka, ruler of the Keladi and Ikkeri kingdom, adopted this deity as his family goddess seeking blessings to attain victory in the battle. After he won the battle, he shifted the footprints of the goddess from the outskirts to a central location in the city and built a temple to house the footprints.
During the early 1950s, there was a move to shift the temple from the center of the city to the outer limits. At the time, the city was affected by the plague epidemic, the cause for which was attributed to the proposal of moving the temple.

## Fair

Every three years, in the month of February or March, a 9-day fair is held at the venue of the temple. Known as the Marikamba Jathra (‘Jathra’ means "fair"), it is one of the major festivals of Karnataka. It has socio–religious importance and is attended by a large number of devotees from all regions of Karnataka. On this occasion, a 16 feet (4.9 m) high chariot, colourfully decorated and carrying the image of the idol, is taken out on a procession.

## Gallery

* Sagara Marikamba Devi
* Sagara Jatre Time
* Sagara Marikamba Jatre
* Devi Meravanige (Procession)
* Marikamba Devi Sagara
* Giant Wheel
* Jatre Mantapa
* Sagara Jatre
* Marikamba Sagara
# Jagran Lakecity University

Jagran Lakecity University (JLU) is a private university established under Section 2(f) of UGC Act 1956 and is based out of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The university offers 50+ degree programs to more than 2,500 students.
JLU was ranked 30th best private university in India by the Education World in 2021, and also got the E-Learning Excellence for Academic Digitisation (E-Lead) Certification 2020–21 by QS I–Gauge.

## History

The institute was initially set up in 2009 as the first Leeds Beckett University partner in India, with the support of Jagran Social Welfare Society. In 2013, the institute was renamed to Jagran Lakecity University after it gained UGC accreditation and became a government approved state private university.

## JLU Student Enrichment Hub

The Chandanpur campus is spread in an area of 40 acres. It has 8 academic blocks with classrooms, media center, administrative building, several labs and library with more than 35,000 books and journals. The library is subscribed to DELNET and other internet libraries and has audio/video recordings of various academic books.

## Academics

Jagran Lakecity University offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and diploma courses in law, economics, engineering, journalism, management, design, filmmaking and animation, culinary arts, advertising and PR, English literature, international relations, psychology and sports. The university also publishes its own journal titled "Jagran International Journal on Contemporary Research", where research papers prepared by academicians worldwide are published.
The university has MOUs with many national and international institutions, including University of Lincoln, University College London, Indo Euro Synchronization, APS Mechatronik, United Nations Association of Australia, RMIT University, University of West Los Angeles, Imperial College London, and Guizhou University.

## Schools

Jagran Lakecity University has 10 schools for various courses:
* School of Engineering and Technology (SOET)
* School of Law (SOL)
* School of Commerce and Economics (SOCE)
* Jagran Lakecity Business School (JLBS)
* School of Hospitality and Tourism (SOHT)
* Jagran School of Public Policy and International Affairs (JSPPIA)
* Jagran School of Journalism and Communication (JSJC)
* School of Humanities and Social Science (SOHSS)
* School of Sports Science and Physical Education (SOSSPH)
* Jagran School of Visual Arts & Design (JSVAD)
# Mary McAleese Boyne Valley Bridge

The Mary McAleese Boyne Valley Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge in County Meath, and County Louth, Ireland. It spans the Boyne River 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of Drogheda on the county boundary between County Meath and County Louth and is part of the M1 Northern Motorway. When it opened in June 2003, it was the longest cable-stayed bridge in Ireland until 19 October 2009, when the River Suir Bridge opened on the N25.
Due to environmental concerns, an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) was carried out for the bridge separately from the M1 EIS—the first such formal EIS carried out and published for a bridge in Ireland. The bridge was built from 2000 to 2003. It was designed Roughan & O'Donovan consulting engineers, who were awarded the ACEI Presidential Award in 2005 for the design.

## Overview

Designing a road bridge over the Boyne was not an easy task. At the chosen point, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) upstream from Drogheda, the ground level on the south is elevated, with a sudden drop while the north bank slopes gradually down to the river. The area is environmentally sensitive, especially the reed beds on the north bank and the flora and fauna of Yellow Island in the middle of the river. The area has a rich heritage as it is also situated adjacent to the area in which the Battle of the Boyne took place in 1690.
The answer was a cable-stayed bridge. Although at a cost of €35 million it would be more expensive than a standard road bridge, it could incorporate a much longer main span without the need for supports in the river, so the engineers could protect the river and the island from any interference. It would also look attractive, with a tall pylon at the south side and cable stays fanning out from it, supporting the main structure.
Construction was carried out by Cleveland Bridge & Engineering Company. Construction methodology by Richard Hornby & Bruce Ramsay of Cleveland Bridge. The bridge is the first cable stay bridge in the world constructed using the incremental launching method (ILM) for the superstructure erection. The construction was commenced in May 2000 and the bridge opened on 9 June 2003. The bridge is managed under a public-private partnership between the National Roads Authority on behalf of the Irish Government and a private company, Celtic Roads Group. The concession company has an obligation to maintain the road for 30 years.
The bridge and motorway are tolled in both directions to finance its construction and maintenance, and to generate profit for Celtic Roads Group.
In 2006, the Bridge was awarded the Excellence Award (Civil) from the Association of Consulting Engineers of Ireland.

## Name

In October 2012, Meath County Council proposed renaming the Boyne River Bridge after former President of Ireland, Mary McAleese to honour her contribution to the Northern Ireland peace process. The name Mary McAleese Bridge was initially proposed, but some felt the name should reflect the local area, so on 8 June 2013 a ceremony was held to rename the bridge the Mary McAleese Boyne Valley Bridge.
# Matutuíne District

Matutuíne District is a district of Maputo Province in southern Mozambique. The principal town is Bela Vista. The district is located in the south of the province, and borders with the city of Maputo in the north, the province of KwaZulu-Natal of South Africa in the south, Eswatini in the west, and with Namaacha and Boane Districts in the northwest. In the east, the district is limited by the Indian Ocean. The area of the district is 5,387 square kilometres (2,080 sq mi). This is the southernmost district of Mozambique. It has a population of 37,165 as of 2007.

## Geography

The principal rivers in the district are the Maputo River and the Tembe River. There are several lakes in the district.
The climate is subtropical, with the annual rainfall being around 1,000 millimetres (39 in) at the coast and 600 millimetres (24 in) in the interior.

## History

The area has been recorded in the 17th century as populated by Machavane people. In the 18th century it was conquered by a local chief Maputsu. In the 19th century the state he established still existed and was paying tribute to the Zulu Kingdom. Subsequently, the Portuguese took over the administration.
In the 1940s, the district was divided into three postos, in the 1960s one more was added.

## Demographics

As of 2005, 39% of the population of the district was younger than 15 years. 38% of the population spoke Portuguese. The most common mothertongue among the population was Xichangana. 64% were analphabetic, mostly women.

## Administrative divisions

The district is divided into five postos, Missevene (four localities, including Bela Vista), Catembe-Nsime (two localities), Catuane (two localities), Machangulo (two localities), and Zitundo (two localities).

## Economy

3% of the households in the district have access to electricity.

### Agriculture

In the district, there are 7,000 farms which have on average 0.9 hectares (0.0035 sq mi) of land. The main agricultural products are corn, cassava, cowpea, peanut, and sweet potato.

### Transportation

There is a road network in the district 597 kilometres (371 mi) long, which includes stretches of national roads EN3 (80 kilometres (50 mi), connecting Boane and Catuane), EN201 (117 kilometres (73 mi)), EN202 (37 kilometres (23 mi), to Bela Vista), as well as secondary roads.
A new port primarily for the export of coal was approved in 2009.
# Neri Vera

Neri Vera is a Paraguayan handball coach of the Paraguay national team, that he coached at the 2017 World Women's Handball Championship.
# Edith Carrington

Edith Carrington (1853 – 23 January 1929) was an English activist and writer. She was an advocate for animal welfare and vegetarianism. Carrington was for sometime an artist and later wrote several animal stories for children. She was a vocal opponent of Eleanor Anne Ormerod's campaign seeking the extermination of the house sparrow and was an anti-vivisectionist.

## Life and work

Carrington was born in Swainswick, Bath, into a wealthy family of naturalists. Her parents were Henry Carrington (died 1859) and Emily Heywood Johns (1814–1890). She was influenced by Charles Kingsley, who introduced her to study natural history and took on herself the "wish for no higher mission than to live and die in the cause of God's beautiful and sinless mute creatures."
She wrote regularly in the Animals' Friend (established in 1894), was a collaborator of Henry Stephens Salt, and was a participant in the Humanitarian League (established 1891).
Carrington's first book Stories for Somebody was written when she was 35. She later wrote a number of animal stories for children. One series, Animal Life Readers, edited by Carrington and Ernest Bell was illustrated by Harrison Weir and others. She also ran a children's magazine called Our Animal Brothers.
Carrington died at the age of 75, on 23 January 1929 in Bristol. She was buried on 29 January in Alderholt, Dorset.

## Selected publications

* Stories for Somebody
* Nobody's Business (1891)
* Workers Without Wage (1893)
* Mrs Trimmer's History of the Robins and Keeper's Travels (1895)
* From Many Lands (1895)
* Dick and His Cat (1895)
* Spare the Sparrow (1897)
* Man's Helpers (1897)
* Wonderful Tools (1897)
* The Farmer and the Birds (1898)
* Flower Folk
* Friendship of Animals
* Ten Tales Without a Title
* Bread and Butter Stories
* Appeals on behalf of the Speechless: A Series of Tracts
* The Extermination of Birds
* A Narrow, Narrow World
* A Story of Wings
* Five Stars in a Little Pool
* The Dog: His Rights and Wrongs
* The Cat: Her Place in Society and Treatment
* Animals in the Wrong Place
* Anecdotes of Horses
* The Ass, his Welfare, Wants, and Woes
* Ages Ago
# Birmingham Manor (Maryland)

Birmingham Manor was a historic slave plantation home located in Anne Arundel County, Maryland
The manor served the Snowden family for five generations. The property resided on the "Robinhood's Forest" land patent. The manor was built by Richard Snowden Jr. and constructed out of brick with shingle siding. A central hall was surrounded by fireplaces. A semicircle of barns held tobacco crops. A boxwood garden led to the cemetery. By 1790 the estate composed 10,000 acres. The house burned down on August 20, 1891 under William Snowden’s ownership. The fire broke open a hidden wood panel above a mantle that contained hidden family parchments just before they burned. A large tract of the estate became the Fort George G. Meade and the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center The Baltimore–Washington Parkway was built over the plantation site next to a general aviation airport. The family cemetery remains mostly inaccessible.
# Morten Steenstrup

Morten Steenstrup (born 4 April 1953) is a Norwegian barrister and politician.
He was born in Tønsberg to Petter Chr. Steenstrup and Kari Bertnes. He was elected representative to the Storting for the period 1981–1985 for the Conservative Party, and reelected for the period 1985–1989.
On 1 December 2021, he was designated as the new leader of the Oslo Conservatives after Heidi Nordby Lunde announced in October that she wouldn't be seeking re-election. He was formally elected on 22 January 2022. After leading the Oslo Conservatives to victory in the 2023 local elections, Steenstrup announced a week later that he wouldn't be seeking re-election as leader. He stated that he had aimed to secure his party an electoral victory before the end of his term, which he did ultimately accomplished. Kapur formally succeeded him at the annual meeting on 27 January 2024.
# Kosegasawa Cave

The Kosegasawa Cave (小瀬ヶ沢洞窟, Kosegasawa dōkutsu) is an archaeological site consisting of a Jōmon period cave dwelling in what is now part of the town of Aga, Niigata Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. The cave was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1982.

## Overview

The cave is located in the upstream part of the Muroya River, a branch of the Jinna River, and was formed by erosion of a rhyolite outcrop on the river's left bank at an elevation of 200 meters. The cave is approximately 1.5 meters in width and extends for seven meters into the mountain. The interior was excavated from 1958 to 1959, during which time numerous examples of Jōmon pottery from the earliest stage of the Jōmon Period and the stone tools and hunting implements such as projectile points were discovered. The design of some of these artifacts indicated a similarity to projectile points found in the Primorsky Krai region of eastern Siberia.
The artifacts included many lithic flakes (stone waste generated during stone tool production), indicating that this site was a production base for such tools. These items are important materials for clarifying the origins of Jōmon culture and 1350 items were collectively designated an National Important Cultural Property in 2000. The artifacts discovered are displayed at the Nagaoka City Science Museum and at the Age Regional History Museum in former Kamikawa village.
The cave is located about 20 minutes by car from Tsugawa Station on the JR East Ban'etsu West Line. There are no facilities at site.