OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zanjireh Rural District

Zanjireh Rural District (Persian: دهستان زنجیره) is in Shabab District of Chardavol County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Zanjireh-ye Olya.

## History

After the 2011 National Census, Shabab Rural District was separated from the Central District in the formation of Shabab District, and Zanjireh Rural District was created in the new district.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2016 census, the rural district's population was 3,984 in 1,157 households. The most populous of its eight villages was Zanjireh-ye Olya, with 2,724 people.
# Shenzhen Daily

Shenzhen Daily is an English-language newspaper published in Shenzhen. Established on July 1, 1997, Shenzhen Daily is the first local English-language daily on the southern Chinese mainland.

## History

Shenzhen Daily began publication in 1997 as a sister newspaper to its Chinese-language counterpart. It is currently the only English-language daily newspaper in southern mainland China.
# G. W. Steevens

George Warrington Steevens (10 December 1869 – 15 January 1900) was a British journalist and writer.

## Life

Steevens was born in Sydenham, and educated at the City of London School and Balliol College, Oxford. He was elected a fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, in 1893 and also spent some time at Cambridge where he edited a weekly periodical.
As a journalist, he distinguished himself by his clearness of vision and vivid style, and was connected successively with the National Observer, The Pall Mall Gazette, and, from 1896, the Daily Mail.
He was the most famous war correspondent of his time, before being eclipsed by the daring escape of young Churchill from a Pretoria prison. Steevens utilised the articles which appeared in these and other publications in various books, such as Monologues of the Dead (1895), The Land of the Dollar (America) (1897), With the Conquering Turk (1897), With Kitchener to Khartum, chronicling his attachment to British forces during the Mahdist War in the Sudan, The Tragedy of Dreyfus and his posthumous From Cape Town to Ladysmith. He is also the author of In India, a series of articles on India published in 1899.
He was appointed by the Daily Mail as war correspondent to South Africa during the Second Boer War in 1899. Caught in the siege of Ladysmith, he kept up morale during the early months with his mordant witticisms appearing in Ladysmith Lyre (e.g. "a strange sideway out of Ladysmith" for death by disease or starvation). He died of enteric fever (now more commonly known as typhoid) on 15 January 1900, six weeks before the Natal Field Army of Redvers Buller relieved Ladysmith.

## In popular culture

Jack London credited Steevens with inventing the cocktail Abu Hamed in the opening paragraph of The Inevitable White Man.
# Naga Kiran

Naga Kiran, from Somarpet, Kodagu, is an Indian actor in Kannada films as well as in Telugu and Tamil movies.

## Career

Nagakiran started with modelling under ace model trainer Prasad Bidapa. After moving on to acting, he started taking roles in Telugu movies. His first movie was Something Special, opposite Sherlyn Chopra and Sunaina.
The movie did not do well at the box office. His next roles were in Kannada movies such as Marujanma, based on reincarnation, Vasanthakala, Pallavi Illada Charana, Anu opposite Pooja Ghandhi, Mast Maja Madi, Male Barali Manju Irali,Ijjodu, Parie, and Lahari. He received critical acclaim for his role in Ijjodu, which was directed by Padma Shri and awarded MS Sathyu. Movies such as Mast Maja Madiand Male Barali Manju Irali did well at the box office. Tamil movies he has played in include Yarinda Devathai and Thallapulla, directed by Mustan.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Language | Notes |
| 2006 | Something Special | | Telugu | Telugu Debut |
| 2008 | Marujanma | | Kannada | Kannada Debut |
| 2008 | Mast Maja Maadi | Shyam | Kannada | |
| 2008 | Vasanthakala | | Kannada | |
| 2008 | Pallavi Illada Charana | | Kannada | |
| 2009 | Male Barali Manju Irali | Prem | Kannada | |
| 2009 | Anu | Anand | Kannada | |
| 2009 | Jaaji Mallige | Dr. Prashanth | Kannada | |
| 2010 | Ijjodu | | Kannada | |
| 2011 | Thallapulla | | Tamil | Tamil Debut |
| 2011 | Noorondu Bagilu | | Kannada | |
| 2012 | Parie | | Kannada | |
| 2014 | Yarinda Devathai | | Tamil | |
| 2015 | Lahari | | Kannada | |
| 2015 | Nigraha Dala | | Kannada | |
| 2015 | Angel | | Kannada | |
| 2015 | Thaliru Thorana | | Kannada | |
| 2018 | Adarsh | Adarsh | Kannada | |

## Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Language | Channel |
| 2016 | Mahanadi | Vikrama Simha | Serial Debut | Kannada | Zee Kannada |
| 2017 | Sanju Mattu Naanu | Bharat | Guest Appearance | Kannada | Colors Kannada |
# Yunlong, Xuzhou

Yunlong District (simplified Chinese: 云龙区; traditional Chinese: 雲龍區; pinyin: Yúnlóng Qū; lit. 'cloud dragon') is one of six districts of Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.

## History

At the beginning of the Republic of China, the government abolished Xuzhou Prefecture and attached it to Guo Tongshan County. Later, Xu Haidao was established with its seat in Tongshan (modern Xuzhou). The Japanese pseudo by Tongshan County analyzed Xuzhou City, which was the capital of the pseudo-Huaihai Province. Yunlong District was founded in 1938, then known as the third district of Xuzhou City. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1952, the third district of Xuzhou was renamed Yunlong District. In 1968, Yunlong District was renamed Hongwei District, and in 1975, it reverted to being called Yunlong District again.

## Administrative divisions

In the present, Yunlong District has 9 subdistricts.

### 9 subdistricts

* Pengcheng (彭城街道)
* Qingnian (青年街道)
* Tianqiao (天桥街道)
* Zifang (子房街道)
* Huangshan (黄山街道)
* Luotuoshan (骆驼山街道)
* Daguozhuang (大郭庄街道)
* Cuipingshan (翠屏山街道)
* Pantang (潘塘街道)
# Forward Operating Base Inkerman

Forward Operating Base Inkerman or more simply FOB Inkerman is a former Forward Operating Base in Afghanistan operated by the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) under Operation Herrick (OP H), it was located 6 miles (9.7 km) north east of Sangin.

## Units

* OP H 6 (June – October 2007)
** 1st Battalion, Grenadier Guards
** C (Essex) Company, 1st Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment
* OP H 7 (October 2007 – April 2008)
** Alpha Company, 40 Commando Royal Marines
** Hislop Troop, 97 Battery (Lawson's Company), 4th Regiment Royal Artillery
* OP H 8 (April 2008 – October 2008)
** B Company, 2nd Battalion, Parachute Regiment
*** Temporarily supported by half of B Company, 3rd Battalion, Parachute Regiment during July 2008.
** 8 Platoon (Fire Support Group), B Company, 2nd Battalion, The Rifles
** 1st and 2nd Troop, A Squadron, Queens Royal Lancers who formed the Viking Armoured Support Group. (May 2008 - September 2008)
* OP H 9 (October 2008 – April 2009)
** Yankee Company, 45 Commando, Royal Marines
* OP H 10 (April 2009 – October 2009)
** 2nd Battalion, The Rifles
* OP H 11 (October 2009 - April 2010)
** A Company, 4th Battalion, The Rifles
* OP H 12 (April 2010 - October 2010)
** Bravo Company, 40 Commando, Royal Marines
# Sebastian Sell

Sebastian Sell (Greek: Σεβαστιανός Σελλ) is a Greece international rugby league footballer who plays for the Mittagong Lions.

## Playing career

In 2022, Sell was named in the Greece squad for the 2021 Rugby League World Cup, the first ever Greek Rugby League squad to compete in a World Cup.
# Gordon McKellen

Gordon Riley "Gordie" McKellen Jr. (born August 26, 1953) is an American former competitive figure skater. He is the 1973–75 U.S. national champion and placed tenth at the 1972 Winter Olympics.

## Personal life

McKellen was born on August 26, 1953, in Reading, Pennsylvania. His parents, Leila and Gordon "Tuffy" Sr., owned an ice rink, and his father was a member of the 1940s ice skating duo, the McKellen Brothers. In 1977, McKellen married American figure skater Kath Malmberg, who gave birth to their two children in the 1980s.

## Career

McKellen won three consecutive U.S. national titles. He was selected to represent the United States at the 1972 Winter Olympics and finished tenth. His highest placement at the World Championships was 5th, in 1975.
Although other skaters had practiced triple axels before then, McKellen was the first skater to attempt them in public performances. He landed several in exhibition in 1974–1975, as King of the Lake Placid Winter Festival exhibition and during the exhibitions following his third National championship win in Providence. The triple axel was not landed in competition until Vern Taylor did it in 1978.
McKellen retired from competitive skating after the 1975 season after his coach, Slavka Kohout, left her position at the Wagon Wheel rink in Rockton, Illinois, where McKellen had been training. He toured with Toller Cranston's "The Ice Show" company after turning professional.
McKellen was inducted into the United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame in 1998. In July 2001, he was banned for life from U.S. Figure Skating because of allegations of inappropriate behavior and actions with underage female skaters.

## Results

International :
| Event | 64–65 | 69–70 | 70–71 | 71–72 | 72–73 | 73–74 | 74–75 |
| Winter Olympics | | | | 10th | | | |
| World Champ. | | | 9th | 8th | 7th | 6th | 5th |
| Prague Skate | | | | | 1st | | |
| National ||||||||
| U.S. Champ. | 6th N | 6th | 3rd | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 1st |
| N = Novice level ||||||||
# Gustave Tempelaere

Gustave Tempelaere (1840-1904), was a French art dealer in Paris.
In 1865 he married Felicité Brame, the sister of the dealer Hector Brame (1831-1899). Tempelaere installed his own gallery on the same street as his brother in law, the rue Laffitte. Tempelaere represented artists such as François-Saint Bonvin and Henri Fantin-Latour.
# Herbert Smith (businessman)

Herbert Smith was a British businessman in Hong Kong. He was a partner of the Jardine, Matheson & Co. and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.
Smith joined Jardine, Matheson & Co., the then biggest trading firm in the Far East, and became the partner by being authorised to sign in 1876, replacing Edward Whitehall. Smith also became partner of the Butterfield & Swire in 1892. In 1897, he was appointed member of the committee for the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria. He was provisionally appointed to the Legislative Council of Hong Kong during the absence of T. H. Whitehead in 1900.
# Nuno Pombo

Nuno Pombo (born 20 April 1978) is a Portuguese athlete who competes in archery.

## 2008 Summer Olympics

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing Pombo finished his ranking round with a total of 650 points, which gave him the 42nd seed for the final competition bracket in which he faced Yusuf Ergin in the first round. With 106-103 Ergin was the winner of the confrontation and Pombo was eliminated. Ergin would lose in the following round against Lee Chang-Hwan.
# Grindleford railway station

Grindleford railway station serves the village of Grindleford in the Derbyshire Peak District, England. It is located 1 mile (1.6 km) away from the village centre in Nether Padley. The station is a stop on the Hope Valley line between Manchester Piccadilly and Sheffield.

## History

It was opened in 1894 on the Midland Railway's Dore and Chinley line (now the Hope Valley Line), at the western entrance to the Totley Tunnel.
The line opened up the previously isolated valley to day-trippers to Padley Gorge and commuters from Sheffield, and the transport of stone from the local quarries. The station buildings are still standing and now house a well-known café.

### Stationmasters

* Samuel Hart 1896 - 1902 (afterwards station master at Chinley Junction)
* Harry l’Anson 1902 - 1907 (afterwards station master at Bakewell)
* Samuel Smithurst 1907 -1932 (formerly station master at Killamarsh)
* R.J. Dowthwaite from 1932 (also station master at Hathersage)

## Facilities

The station is unstaffed and had no ticket provision until 2018; however, Northern has now installed ticket vending machines and made the intermediate stations between New Mills Central and Sheffield part of a penalty fare scheme.
Standard waiting shelters are provided on both platforms and train running information is offered via CIS displays, automated announcements, a pay phone and timetable posters. Step-free access is available for westbound trains only (platform 1), as the ramps to the bridge linking the platforms are steep and not suitable for wheelchairs.

## Service

The typical off-peak service from the station is one train per hour in each direction between Sheffield and Manchester Piccadilly.
On Sundays, services begin mid-morning and continue at hourly intervals during the day.
Trains to Sheffield take around 15 minutes; the journey to Manchester Piccadilly takes about an hour. Services are provided by Northern Trains.
East Midlands Railway's Nottingham to Liverpool service calls here with the first service of the day and also on the final return working.
| Preceding station | National Rail | Following station |
| Dore and Totley | Northern TrainsHope Valley Line | Hathersage |
| Dore and Totley | East Midlands RailwayLiverpool-NottinghamLimited service | Hathersage |
# The Oxbow (Connecticut River)

The Oxbow, also known as the Ox-Bow, is an extension of the Connecticut River located in Northampton, Massachusetts. It was famously depicted in Thomas Cole's 1836 painting View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm—The Oxbow.

## History

Historically, the Oxbow was connected directly to the Connecticut river as a large U-shaped bend. In 1840, flood waters cut through the narrow section, separating the Oxbow from the main river and the current. In the early 1900s, the Oxbow was used extensively for logging operations, as a holding area for logs sent down river. The northern end was later cut off to build Interstate 91, which runs between the Oxbow and the Connecticut River. The Connecticut River is still accessible by a channel made under the Interstate 91 and U.S. Route 5 bridges.

## Depictions

The Oxbow captured the imagination and attention of a broad set of artists over time. Thomas Cole described the scene as "well known" in 1836 as he began his large painting of The Oxbow. A depiction of what was called "Hockanum Bend" had appeared in 1826 in "The northern traveller; containing the routes to Niagara, Quebec, and the Springs," by Theodore Dwight. In 1835 an illustration was created by W. H. Bartlett and published in the book "American Scenery" by George Virtue in 1837. By the second half of the 19th century the Oxbow was photographed for stereo-views and by the turn of the late 19th and early 20th century was featured in postcards and other memorabilia.

## Wildlife

The Oxbow is a habitat for many migratory and resident bird species. The Arcadia Wildlife Sanctuary (a project of Mass Audubon) protects a total of 776 acres (314 ha) of land that forms the outer shore of the Oxbow. Among these species include bald eagle, snowy egret, cormorant, great blue heron, osprey, kingfisher, swifts, gulls, Canada geese, and ducks.

## Current use

The Oxbow is used today primarily for pleasure boating and is home to one of the largest marinas on the Connecticut River in Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation operates a state boat ramp facility accessible from Route 5 in Easthampton, Massachusetts. Because it is partially separated from the main river body, boats are protected from strong current and floating debris. Other uses include flat water paddling and fishing. The Oxbow facilitates the Oxbow Water Ski Show Team, and used to be the home of Northampton Youth and Community Rowing, one of the larger scholastic and masters rowing clubs in western Massachusetts.

## Gallery

* View from Mount Holyoke, 1826; referred in related text as "Hockanum Bend"
* View from Mount Holyoke, illustration by William Henry Bartlett, 1835
* "View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm", commonly known as "The Oxbow", by Thomas Cole, 1836
* Connecticut River, Oxbow, Northampton, MA; stereoview c. 1870
* Logging at the Oxbow, c. 1909
* Connecticut River, Oxbow, Northampton, MA; postcard posted 1911
* Connecticut River Oxbow, photo taken from Skinner State Park on Mount Holyoke
* Contemporary view from the Oxbow marina
# Utah Constitutional Sovereignty Act

The Utah Constitutional Sovereignty Act is a law in the State of Utah that gives Utah the autonomy to reject US federal laws. It was signed by Governor Cox on 31 January 2024.

## Background
### Tenth Amendment to the USA constitution

The Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America defines the balance of power between states and the Federal Government. The law claims it has been misinterpreted and states have the right to reject any federal laws, unless the federal authority was explicitly stated in the Tenth Amendment.

### Alberta sovereignty act

In the Canadian province of Alberta, the Alberta Sovereignty Within a United Canada Act was passed with a intention of having the right to reject Canadian federal laws if they negatively impact the province. Scott Sandall says he modeled the Utah Sovereignty Act off the Alberta act.

### Signing

Proposed on 4 January 2024, it was signed by Governor Spencer Cox on 31 January 2024.
# Maigret and the Toy Village

Maigret and the Toy Village (other English-language title is Félicie; French: Félicie est là) is a detective novel by Belgian writer Georges Simenon, featuring his character inspector Jules Maigret.

## Translations

The book has been translated two times into English: in 1978 as Maigret and the Toy Village by Eileen Ellenbogen and in 2015 as Félicie by David Coward.

## Adaptations

The novel has been adapted several times for cinema and television:

### In French

* 1968: as Félicie est là, with Jean Richard in the lead role;
* 2002: as La Maison de Félicie, with Bruno Cremer;

### In English

* 1962: as Love from Felicie, with Rupert Davies;
* 1993: as Maigret and the Maid with Michael Gambon

### In Japanese

* 1978: as Keishi to gārufurendo (警視とガールフレンド), with Kinya Aikawa in Maigret's role;

### In Dutch

* 1968: as Maigret en het meisje voor dag en nacht, with Jan Teulings.

## Literature

* Maurice Piron, Michel Lemoine, L'Univers de Simenon, guide des romans et nouvelles (1931-1972) de Georges Simenon, Presses de la Cité, 1983, p. 302-303 ISBN 978-2-258-01152-6 (in French)
# Gordon Mineo

Gordon Mineo (June 19, 1945-September 3, 2006), nicknamed "Flash Gordon", was a Top Fuel Funny Car driver.
Mineo was born in Detroit, Michigan, son of Joseph and Lorraine Mineo.
He started racing Funny Cars in the 1960s and continued to race until the 1990s.
Mineo's first national Funny Car event was the 1970 AHRA Winter Nationals at Beeline Dragway in Scottsdale, Arizona; he qualified his Pontiac Firebird funny car #10, but was eliminated in the first round by #7 qualifier Tom "Mongoo$e McEwen. (Mineo earned US$400 for the effort.)
At the 1971 AHRA Winter Nationals, Mineo qualified #21 in a and was eliminated in round there by Dick Rosberg, who qualified #17.
In 1972, Mineo attended the AHRA National Challenge at Tulsa Raceway Park in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He qualified #21 and lost in round one to #5 qualifier Don "The Snake" Prudhomme. (Mineo earned US$500 for this effort.)
At the 1973 NHRA Supernationals, in Ontario, California, Mineo qualified #9 in his 1973 Dhevrolet Vega; he again lost in round one to Prudhomme, who qualified his 1973 Plymouth Barracuda #1.
Mineo returned to Scottsdale in 1974, qualifying #8 at the 1974 AHRA Winter Nationals. The same year, he attended an ANRA event at Green Valley Raceway in Smithfield, Texas.
He went back to Beeline Dragway for the 1977 AHRA Winter Nationals, qualifying #4; he was eliminated by #12 qualifier Dale Armstrong in the first round. At the 1977 NHRA Springnationals, Mineo qualified #14, only to lose to #6 qualifier (and eventual event class winner) Bob Pickett in the first round.
Mineo never won an NHRA or AHRA national event. He was also featured in a famous photo, being punched by fellow funny car racer Ed "The Ace" McCulloch.
Mineo was killed in a boating accident on Lake Texoma, in Oklahoma, on 3 September 2006, along with his wife, Ann, age 59, Myra Gibson, 51; Amy Lane, 31; and Justin R. Lane, 25. Mineo was 61.
He was buried at Rest Haven Memorial Park, Rockwall, Texas.
Mineo had two children, Jason and Trisha.
# Jean-Paul de Jong

Jean-Paul de Jong (born 17 October 1970) is a Dutch professional football manager and former player who most recently coached Ajax' under-18s.
He is best known for his lengthy spell as a player with FC Utrecht, appearing in nearly 450 official games in 14 years and winning two major titles.

## Career

Born in Utrecht, de Jong had several trainee spells, including with country giants Feyenoord and AFC Ajax. He made his professional debuts in Germany at the age of 20 with 2. Bundesliga club VfL Osnabrück, appearing sparingly over the course of two seasons.
In 1993 de Jong returned to his country and city, going on serve a 14-year spell with FC Utrecht. In total he played 370 Eredivisie matches, in which he scored 11 goals; as the side appeared in three consecutive domestic cup finals, winning twice, "Mr. FC Utrecht" (as he was nicknamed) was on target in the final of the 2002–03 edition, opening the scoresheet in a 4–1 win against Feyenoord.
On 22 April 2007, de Jong received his 83rd yellow card in the league, surpassing the record number of cards received by a player which had been previously held by Barry van Galen. During his final season as a player, in which he contributed with 21 matches to a comfortable ninth place, he completed his coaching training badges and began to work as a youth trainer with the club.

## Honours

* KNVB Cup: 2002–03, 2003–04
* Johan Cruyff Shield: 2004
# Sack of Thessalonica (1185)

The sack of Thessalonica in 1185 by Normans of the Kingdom of Sicily was one of the worst disasters to befall the Byzantine Empire in the 12th century.

## Siege

David Komnenos, the governor, had failed to prepare for the siege and banned defenders from disrupting Norman siege works, hindering the city's defense.The Byzantine relief armies failed to coordinate their efforts, and only two forces, under Theodore Choumnos and John Maurozomes, actually came to the city's aid. In the event, the Normans undermined the city's eastern wall, opening a breach through which they entered the city. They slaughtered the defenders and proceeded to sack the city. The conquest degenerated quickly into a full-scale massacre of the city's inhabitants, with estimates suggesting that around 7,000 to 8,000 corpses were found afterwards. The siege is extensively chronicled by the city's archbishop, Eustathius of Thessalonica, who was present in the city during and after the siege.

## Aftermath

The Normans occupied Thessalonica until mid-November, when, following their defeat at the Battle of Demetritzes, they evacuated it. After emperor Andronikos Komnenos's massacre of the Latins in Constantinople in 1182, the massacre of the Thessalonians deepened the rift between the Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity. It also directly led to the deposition and execution of the unpopular Emperor Andronikos and the rise to the throne of Isaac II Angelos.

## Sources

* Brand, Charles M. (1968). "The Norman Threat: 1185". Byzantium Confronts the West, 1180–1204. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 160–175. LCCN 67-20872. OCLC 795121713.
* Magoulias, Harry J., ed. (1984). O City of Byzantium. Annals of Niketas Choniates. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. pp. 164–171, 175–176. ISBN 0-8143-1764-2.
* Stephenson, Paul (2000). "The Norman Invasion, 1185–1186". Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 284–288. ISBN 0-521-77017-3.
40°39′N 22°54′E﻿ / ﻿40.650°N 22.900°E﻿ / 40.650; 22.900
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