OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Matucana haynii

Matucana haynii is a species of Matucana found in Peru.

## Description

Matucana hayneii grows solitary or in sprouts with spherical to broadly cylindrical, with green shoots and reaches a height of up to 30 cm (12 in) with a diameter of 20 cm (7.9 in). There are 14 to 30 tuberculate ribs. The variable white to light brown spines turn gray with age. The one to 20 central spines are 1 to 7 cm (0.39 to 2.76 in) and the 14 to 45 radial spines 0.8 to 4 cm (0.31 to 1.57 in) long.
The mostly crooked flowers are crimson to salmon pink to a little crimson. They are 4 to 9 cm (1.6 to 3.5 in) long and have a diameter of up to 4 cm (1.6 in). The spherical to club-shaped, reddish green fruits are 1 to 1.5 cm (0.39 to 0.59 in) long and reach the same diameter.
* Plant
* Flower

### Subspecies

| Subspecies | Description | Distribution |
| Matucana haynii subsp. haynii | | |
| Matucana haynii subsp. herzogiana (Backeb.) Mottram | Distinguished by smaller stem size, more or less curved setaceous radial spines | Cordillera Negra, Peru at 3200 meters |
| Matucana haynii subsp. hystrix (Rauh & Backeb.) Mottram | Differs by having black central spines | Nazca to Lucamas, Peru at 3100-4000 meters |
| Matucana haynii subsp. myriacantha (Vaupel) Mottram | Distinguished by pink and white flowers. | Cajamarca and Amazonas, at 200 meters |

## Distribution

Matucana haynei is widespread in Peru from the La Libertad region to the Arequipa region on the western slope of the Andes at altitudes of 1500 to 4100 meters.

## Taxonomy

The first description as Echinocactus haynii was made in 1850 by Christoph Friedrich Otto in Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck's Cacteae in horto Dyckensi cultae anno 1849. Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose placed the species in the genus Matucana in 1922. Other nomenclature synonyms are Mammillaria haynei (Otto in Salm-Dyck) Ehrenb. (1844), Cereus haynei (Otto in Salm-Dyck) Croucher (1878), Borzicactus haynei (Otto in Salm-Dyck) Kimnach (1960), Arequipa haynei (Otto in Salm-Dyck) Krainz (1963) and Echinopsis haynei (Otto in Salm-Dyck) Molinari (2015)
# Almaz (mythical beast)

The Almaz (Adyghe: Almesti, Chechen and Ingush: Almaz or Hun-sag; ), roughly translated as various "feral forest-man" or "stone spirit", is a mythical beast that is considered to be an evil forest creature with magical powers residing in its hair that exists in Chechen, Ingush and Circassian folk beliefs. The first "attestation" of it in writing was by a Bavarian captive of the Mongols, but it is present in the national folklores of Chechens, Ingush and Circassians. The male almaz is said to be hairy and hideous, and have an axe embedded in its chest, while the female is very beautiful with large breasts and golden hair, and has a "favorite pastime" of dancing naked at night under the moon. The almaz is said to have magical powers residing in its hair, but if the hair is removed or even grabbed, it may be rendered helpless. It has been theorized by some to have arisen under Mongolian influence, either during the Mongol invasions of Dzurdzuketia or the intervening period where the northern Dzurdzuk state of Simsir was subjugated to the Mongol-controlled Golden Horde. The word almaz is a loan from Mongolian where it originally meant "forest man". Amjad Jaimoukha however suggested that the name "almaz" may have started to have been used by North Caucasians for an already existent native concept during the sojourn of the Golden Horde of Simsir.
# Kök-Janggak

Kök-Janggak (Kyrgyz: Көк-жаңгак, meaning "blue walnut" in Kyrgyz and Uzbek, Russian: Кок-Янгак Kok-Yangak) is a city in Jalal-Abad Region in western Kyrgyzstan, located at a distance of about 29 km from the regional centre city Jalal-Abad. Its population was 12,117 in 2021. It is a city of regional significance within the Suzak District.

## History

Kök-Janggak originated as a coal-mining settlement in 1910. The upper strata of coal of the Kok-Yangak coal deposit were mined on a small scale until the October Revolution. During the Civil War in Russia the mine was destroyed by basmachi and extraction was suspended. During the first five-year plan new drift mines were developed and an access railroad from Jalal-Abad was built in 1931, resulting in a rapid increase in coal production. In 1943 Kök-Janggak became a town.

## Population

The population of Kök-Janggak was 10,341 in 2004; including 8,400 - Kyrgyz, 640 - Uzbek, 540 - Russian, 210 - Tatar, 140 - Kazakh, and 411 - other nationalities.
# Opaque projector

The opaque projector, or episcope is a device which displays opaque materials by shining a bright lamp onto the object from above. The episcope must be distinguished from the diascope, which is a projector used for projecting images of transparent objects (such as films), and from the epidiascope, which is capable of projecting images of both opaque and transparent objects.
A system of mirrors, prisms and/or imaging lenses is used to focus an image of the material onto a viewing screen. Because they must project the reflected light, opaque projectors require brighter bulbs and larger lenses than overhead projectors. Care must be taken that the materials are not damaged by the heat generated by the light source. Opaque projectors are not as common as the overhead projector.
Opaque projectors are typically used to project images of book pages, drawings, mineral specimens, leaves, etc. They have been produced and marketed as artists' enlargement tools to allow images to be transferred to surfaces such as prepared canvas, or for lectures and discourses.

## History

Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician and engineer Leonhard Euler demonstrated an opaque projector around 1756. It could project a clear image of opaque images and (small) objects. French scientist Jacques Charles is thought to have invented the similar "megascope" in 1780. He used it for his lectures. Around 1872 Henry Morton used an opaque projector in demonstrations for huge audiences, for example in the Philadelphia Opera House which could seat 3500 people. His machine did not use a condenser or reflector, but used an oxyhydrogen lamp close to the object in order to project huge clear images.
The light source in early opaque projectors was often limelight. Incandescent light bulbs and halogen lamps are most commonly used today.
In the early and middle parts of the 20th century, low-cost opaque projectors were produced and marketed as toys for children.
In educational settings, the specific role of the opaque projector has been superseded first by the overhead projector and later the document camera, a lighted table with a fixed video camera above it. The image from the camera is displayed using a separate projector. The document camera is also called a desktop presenter unit or opaque projector.
Opaque projectors are still in use for tracing, called tracing projectors. A flat or solid original is projected on a larger sheet of paper onto a wall or easel, where the artist or craftsperson can trace the outline reliably.

## Types

At the beginning of the 20th century, projection was split into two classes: "If the light traverses the object, the projection is said to be diascopic, if by reflected light, episcopic."
Two main classes of opaque projectors thus existed:
* the episcope, which solely projected images of opaque objects
* the epidiascope, which was capable of projecting images of both opaque and transparent images
# Greek Church and Greek School (Taganrog)

The Greek Church of Sts Constantine and Helena (Russian: Церковь Константина и Елены), also known as the Greek Church and Greek School, was a Greek Orthodox church and school located in Taganrog, Russia from 1781 to 1938.

## History of the Greek Church

The construction of the Greek Church in Taganrog was started in 1781 and the church was already consecrated by March 1782, with the first service held by the priest Nikita Aguros. When leaving Taganrog in 1826, the Empress consort of All the Russias Elizabeth Alexeievna (Louise of Baden) left the church money for a reconstruction. In 1830, a new stone church was built to replace the wooden one. The public worship was made in both Russian and Greek. In 1855, the Cossacks and the volunteer corps repulsed the attack of the British and French landing party from the territory of the church during the Siege of Taganrog.
The Greek Church was shut down in 1938 by Soviet authorities and was demolished soon after. In the 1940s, an apartment block was built on the site of the church.

## Greek School

The wooden building behind the Greek church was built in early 19th century, and was later covered with bricks. In the early 19th century the building was used by the Greek city council, which co-existed with the Municipal city council. In the 1850s the building was returned to the Greek church, and in 1862 was opened as a parochial school for preparation of choristers.
The Greek school was financed by the Greek Church of Taganrog and by rich Greek merchants. Among the disciplines were Greek language, theology, mathematics, history, calligraphy, and singing. In 1882 the building was given back to the clergy of the Greek church
Anton Chekhov attended the school in 1866-1868, until at the age of eight he was sent to the Gymnasium for Boys.
After the October Revolution, the building was given to the families of factory workers, and the front and layout of the former school were completely changed.

## Photos

* The Greek Street (Ulitsa Grecheskaya) in Taganrog with Greek Church of Sts Constantine and Helena on the right
* The former Greek school (photo of 2008)

## External links and references

* Чеховские места в Таганроге. Путеводитель. Таганрог, 2004
* ↑ Г.Н.Орлов, Л.И.Найговзин, А.А.Цымбал "Памятники архитектуры, истории и культуры Таганрога на старых открытках и фотографиях". Таганрог. Лукоморье, 2008
Greek Chapel, Southern Russia/* фотограф - Уилльям Рау. автор текста Кэрил Пэрротт. Слайд №11 "Греческая часовня на Юге России".
# Tom Auth

Thomas Auth (born September 9, 1968) is an American former rower. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics. He won a gold medal at the 1999 Pan American Games.
A 1986 graduate of Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey, he graduated from Columbia College of Columbia University in 1990 and Harvard Law School in 1994.
# Madison Ferris

Madison Ferris is an American actress, best known for portraying Laura Wingfield in The Glass Menagerie.
Ferris moved to New York City, and got her first professional performance opportunity as a paid dancer at the Joyce Theater. Ferris performed in two dance pieces, Ballet (New York) and The Show Must Go On by French choreographer Jerome Bel.
Ferris has Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and was the first wheelchair user to play a lead on Broadway.

## The Glass Menagerie

Ferris was traveling in Australia when the casting notice for Sam Gold's revival of The Glass Menagerie was announced. Ferris flew back to the US for a callback, then was asked back again to read with the play's star, Sally Field. A short time after, Ferris was cast in the role of Laura Wingfield.
Ferris made history as Broadway's first lead actor in a wheelchair. The show opened with the house lights on as Amanda slowly brought Laura up the steps to the stage, right in front of the audience. In discussing how she gave Laura agency, Ferris says,
   "We discussed how to make her human, and how to make her a subject of the play rather than an object...We wanted her to be strong; we wanted her to have a voice, to have opinions, to love her family, to want to hang out with Jim O'Connor."
# Matucana pujupatii

Matucana pujupatii is a species of Matucana found in Peru.

## Description

Matucana pujupatii occasionally grows with globular to ovoid, gray-green to blue-green shoots that branch slightly from the base and reaches heights of up to 15 cm (5.9 in) with diameters of 10 cm (3.9 in) and ten to twelve straight, wide ribs that are tuberculated. The spines are curved, flexible, brown and yellowish at their base, turning gray with age. The one or two central spines, that are sometimes missing, up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long and the six to nine radial spines are 0.5 to 2 cm (0.20 to 0.79 in) long.
The slightly curved, crimson flowers are 6 to 7 cm (2.4 to 2.8 in) long and 4 to 5 cm (1.6 to 2.0 in) in diameter. The spherical to egg-shaped, somewhat purple-green fruits reach a diameter of up to 10 mm (0.39 in).

## Distribution

Matucana pujupatii is widespread in the Peruvian Amazon and Cajamarca regions at altitudes of 1000 to 1500 meters.

## Taxonomy

The first description as Borzicactus madisoniorum var. pujupatii was made in 1971 by John Donald Donald and Alfred Bernhard Lau. The specific epithet pujupatii honors Shawintu Pujupat Dagses, a Peruvian boy who accompanied Alfred Bernhard Lau during his tour in Peru. Rob Bregman elevated the variety to the rank of a species in 1988. A synonym is Matucana madisoniorum var. pujupatii (Donald & A.B.Lau) G.D.Rowley (1971).
# Andrzej Pityński

Andrzej Piotr Pityński (15 March 1947 – 18 September 2020) was a Polish-American monumental sculptor who lived and worked in the United States. A book of his works was published in 2008.

## Work
### The Partisans

In January, 2006, his Partisans (1979) was removed from the corner of Beacon and Charles streets on the Boston Common, where it had stood since 1983. Although it was originally destined for Warsaw, the work – which depicts guerrilla Polish freedom fighters in World War II – was not welcomed in communist Poland at that time. On September 6, 2006, the work was moved to the MBTA's Silver-Line World Trade Center Station on the South Boston waterfront. It was permanently relocated to the center median of D Street, at the intersection with Congress Street, on November 17, 2018.
Describing his "Partisans" Pitynski said, that he dedicated this monument to all "Fighters for Freedom in the World", and used Polish Partisans as an example.

### Patriot Monument

Andrzej Pityński created the Patriot Monument in 2010. The bronze sculpture, symbolizing Polish patriotism, stands in the center of Stalowa Wola. Officially unveiled on 11 September 2011.

### Katyn Memorials

Pitynski has worked on a number of works remembering the Katyn massacre including the Katyn Memorial which stands in Exchange Place in Jersey City, New Jersey and the National Katyń Memorial which stands in the Inner Harbor in Baltimore.

### Volhynian slaughter memorial

The memorial to the victims of the Volhynian slaughter, commissioned by the Polish Army Veterans' Association in America, designed by Andrzej Pityński in 2017, has been erected in Domostawa, Poland.

## Andrzej Pitynski on monuments

   A monument is an expressive symbol. A good one, looked at for even a few minutes will remain in memory for years or even for one's entire lifetime. Monuments are the milestones in a nation's history -- they will not allow other systems and governments to destroy the core values of a national culture.

## Death and funeral

Andrzej Pityński passed away on 18 September 2020 in the United States. On 26 October 2024, he was laid to rest in his hometown of Ulanów, Poland, fulfilling his wish to be buried in his native soil after a four-year wait. The funeral began with a Holy Mass at the Church of St. John the Baptist and St. Barbara in Ulanów. The artist's ashes were then interred at the Holy Trinity Cemetery.
   Today, we bid farewell to a great artist and patriot, rightly called an ambassador of our nation's history. He sculpted as he felt—Polish to the core. His works expressed both the glorious and the tragic, embedding themselves permanently in our collective consciousness as symbols of the complex and challenging history of the Republic of Poland.
# Shurandy Reyes

Shurandy Cedeno Reyes (born 7 October 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for SV Charlois. Born in the Netherlands, he represented for the Sint Maarten national team.

## Club career

As a youth Reyes played for IJVV De Zwervers. He has played for Overmaas of the Vierde Klasse since at least 2019.

## International career

Reyes was called up for two 2019–20 CONCACAF Nations League C matches in October 2019. He was one of four Dutch-based players in the squad. He made his senior international debut on 14 October in the team's match against Guadeloupe.

### International career statistics

    As of match played 14 October 2019.
Sint Maarten national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2019 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 1 | 0 |
# Malmö Teater

Malmö Teater or Malmö Theater, formally Kongl. Priwilegierade Theatern i Malmö ('Royal Theater of Malmö'), was a theater in Malmö in Sweden, active between 1809 and 1938. It was situated at the street Stora Nygatan with an entrance at the square Gustav Adolfs torg. It is known as the first permanent theater building in the city of Malmö.

## History

The first confirmed performance by a professional theater company is confirmed to have taken place by a German theater company in 1691, and the city was often visited by travelling theater companies during the 18th-century. They performed in temporary localities, and there was a need for a proper theater building.
The mayor Carl Magnus Nordlindh initiated the building of a theater. King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden had resided temporarily in the city in 1806-07 and there was a need by the authorities to make the city more representative in line with the king's mention of the city as the kingdom's second capital. The building was constructed in 1807-09, designed by Anders Sundström, and had room for 500 spectators. Malmö Teater was inaugurated on 16 October 1809 by a theater company from Stockholm. The theater had no permanent staff, but was regularly used by visiting theater companies. Jenny Lind performed in 1840, followed by August Bournonville and Sarah Bernhardt (1883). During the early 20th-century, the Albert Ranft's company regularly performed there.
The theater was closed in 1938. The building was repurposed, and the theater interior was torn out. The building was converted for use of shops.
# Miriam (film)

Miriam is a 1957 Finnish drama film directed by William Markus. It was entered into the 8th Berlin International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Anneli Sauli as Miriam
* Irma Seikkula as Britta Allnes
* Pentti Siimes as Hans Allnes
* Leo Riuttu as Torvald Allnes
* Yrjö Aaltonen as Boy
* Paavo Hukkinen as Man at the station
* Heimo Karppinen as Man at the station
* Veikko Kines as Shopkeeper
* Aino Lehtimäki as Pharmaceut
* Kaisu Leppänen as Aunt Anta
* Jaakko Maakorpi as Horse Driver
* Liisi Palteisto as Miriam as Child
* Yrjö Saari as Doctor
* Enok Sikiö as Man in the train
* Maininki Sippola as Woman in the party (as Maininki Sippola-Wilska)
# List of Tonga women's national rugby union team matches

The following is a list of Tonga women's national rugby union team international matches.

## Overall

See Women's international rugby for information about the status of international games and match numbering
Tonga's overall international match record against all nations, updated to 2 June 2024, is as follows:
| | Played | Won | Drawn | Lost | Win % |
| Total | 16 | 5 | 0 | 11 | 31.25% |

## Full internationals
### Legend

| Won | Lost | Draw |

### 2000s

| Test | Date | Opponent | PF | PA | Venue | Tournament | Ref |
| 1 | 2006-04-18 | Fiji | 5 | 52 | Teufaiva Park, Nuku’alofa | Pacific Tri-Nations | |
| 2 | 2006-04-22 | Samoa | 5 | 60 | Teufaiva Park, Nuku’alofa | Pacific Tri-Nations | |

### 2010s

| Test | Date | Opponent | PF | PA | Venue | Tournament |
| 3 | 2018-11-16 | Fiji | 8 | 53 | Churchill Park, Lautoka | 2018 OC |
| 4 | 2018-11-20 | Samoa | 7 | 68 | Churchill Park, Lautoka | 2018 OC |
| 5 | 2018-11-24 | Papua New Guinea | 62 | 26 | Churchill Park, Lautoka | 2018 OC |

### 2020s

| Test | Date | Opponent | PF | PA | Venue | Tournament |
| 6 | 2020-03-01 | Papua New Guinea | 36 | 24 | Bava Park, Port Moresby | 2019 OC |
| 7 | 2020-11-14 | Samoa | 0 | 40 | Waitakere Stadium, Auckland | 2019 OC |
| 8 | 2022-07-09 | Samoa | 17 | 25 | Massey Park, Auckland | 2022 OC |
| 9 | 2022-07-13 | Fiji | 7 | 34 | Navigation Homes Stadium, Pukekohe | 2022 OC |
| 10 | 2022-07-18 | Papua New Guinea | 108 | 7 | Massey Park, Auckland | 2022 OC |
| 11 | 2023-05-26 | Samoa | 5 | 69 | Bond University, Robina | 2023 OC |
| 12 | 2023-05-30 | Fiji | 12 | 45 | Bond University, Robina | 2023 OC |
| 13 | 2023-06-04 | Papua New Guinea | 30 | 22 | Bond University, Robina | 2023 OC |
| 14 | 2024-05-24 | Fiji | 3 | 48 | Sunnybank Rugby Club, Brisbane | 2024 OC |
| 15 | 2024-05-29 | Samoa | 7 | 29 | Sunnybank Rugby Club, Brisbane | 2024 OC |
| 16 | 2024-06-02 | Papua New Guinea | 39 | 5 | Sunnybank Rugby Club, Brisbane | 2024 OC |

## Other matches

| Date | Tonga | F | A | Opponent | Venue | Note |
| 29 April 2023 | Tonga Womens A | 10 | 41 | Manusina XV | Mount Smart Stadium, Auckland | |
# Chamelaucium gracile

Chamaelaucium gracile is a member of the family Myrtaceae endemic to Western Australia.
It is found in the Mid West region of Western Australia where it grows in sandy soils.
# Tia Sugri Alfred

Tia Sugri Alfred (born 12 March 1956) was the Member of Parliament for Nalerigu/Gambaga constituency in the Northern region of Ghana for the 5th Parliament of the 4th republic of Ghana

## Early life and education

Tia was born on 12 March 1956. He hails from Samini in the Northern region of Ghana. He earned a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria.

## Career

Tia is a veterinary surgeon by profession. He was the CEO of Central Veterinary Company in Tema.
He was a Member of Parliament from January 2009 to January 2013.

## Politics

Tia is a member of the National Democratic Congress (NDC). He was a committee member for Health, Special Budget. Tia was first elected into office in the 2008 Ghanaian general elections as the Member of parliament for the Nalerigu Gambaga constituency in the Northern region of Ghana. He was elected with 15,443 votes out of the 34,701 valid votes cast, equivalent to 44.5% of total valid votes cast. He was elected over Hajia Alima Mahama of the New Patriotic Party, Banaba M Alando of the People's National Convention, John Bibirim of the Democratic Freedom Party and Alhassan Zibilim an independent candidate. These people obtained 32.96%, 20.83%, 0.54% and 1.17% respectively of total valid votes cast. He was deputy minister of health succeeding Rojo Mettle-Nunoo.

### 2000 Elections

In the year 2000, he lost with 12 valid votes in the general elections as the member of parliament for the Nalerigu constituency of the Northern Region of Ghana to Issahaku A.Emmanuel of the Peoples National Convention Party who was elected with 9,515 valid votes cast. This is equivalent to 33.70% of the total valid votes cast. Other Candidates who came off second best in the elections include Alima Mahama of the New Patriotic Party, Joshua D.Wundowa of the National Reform Party, Hamidu Napoleon Dawuni of the Convention Peoples Party, Majeed Inusah of the united Ghana Movement. These acquired4,407, 911,461,440 and 12 votes out of the total valid votes cast respectively. These were equivalent to 15.60%, 3.20%, 1.60% and 1.60% respectively of total valid votes cast.

## Personal life

Alfred is married with five children. He is a Christian (Presbyterian).
# Simona Malpezzi

Simona Flavia Malpezzi (born 22 August 1972) is an Italian politician. She was undersecretary of state for parliamentary relations in the Conte II and Draghi governments from 16 September 2019 to 25 March 2021. On 25 March 2021, she was unanimously elected leader of the Democratic Party in the Senate, succeeding Andrea Marcucci.

## Early life

She was born in Cernusco sul Naviglio and lives in Pioltello.

## Political career

She was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in the 2013 general election. She was elected to the Italian Senate in the 2018 general election.