OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frank Applegate

Frank Guy Applegate (February 8, 1881 – February 12, 1931) was a visual artist, collector and author who was active in Santa Fe, New Mexico in the early 20th century.

## Early life and education

Applegate was born in Atlanta, Illinois, and moved to Santa Fe in 1921, where he worked as an artist and collected Spanish Colonial works of art. He was educated at the University of Illinois where he received a B.A. degree in 1906, he later attended the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and the Academy Julien in Paris.

## Work

In 1925 he purchased the historical De la Peña House in Santa Fe. Built in 1845, the farmhouse house is an example of early-mid 19th century Spanish Pueblo adobe architecture. In 1937 the house was recorded in the Historic America Buildings Survey of the National Park Service. He later built a compound of homes on the property along Camino de Monte Sol for himself and the artists of the Los Cinco Pintores collective of painters including Joseph Bakos, Fremont Ellis, Willard Nash, and Will Shuster. It is thought that Walter Mruk of Los Cincos Pintores purchased Applegate's house. The artists in the collective, with the possible exception of Mruk, worked together in building the compound homes, working under the guidance of Applegate.
Applegate was a watercolor and oil painter, and also produced ceramics and wood carvings. He exhibited his work at the Santa Fe Museum of Fine Arts, the San Diego Museum, Los Angeles County Museum the Art Institute of Chicago, the Denver Art Museum among other venues.
Applegate collected arts and crafts made by Native American artists, as well as works by Hispanic santeros, saint carvers. He and the writer, Mary Hunter Austin founded the Spanish Colonial Arts Society which continues to operate the annual Spanish Market held in Santa Fe.
Applegate wrote and illustrated several books during his lifetime including Indian Stories from the Pueblos (1929); his book Native Tales of New Mexico was published posthumously in 1932.

## Legacy

The Frank G. Applegate Papers (1886–2000) and the Frank G. Applegate Photograph Collection are held in the Southwest Research Center of the University of New Mexico.
A monograph of his work, Frank Applegate of Santa Fe: Artist and Preservationist, was published in 2001.
# Flixton railway station

Flixton railway station is in Flixton, Greater Manchester, in the North West of England. The station, and all services calling there, are operated by Northern Trains. It is 6+1⁄2 miles (10.5 km) west of Manchester Oxford Road on the Manchester to Liverpool Line.

## History

The station once had a small goods yard on the northern side of the main line, the bay platform for which still exists although it is no longer in use. The goods yard itself is now a car park. All the track relating to the goods yard has been removed.
In the 1990s, the station building was converted into a Henry's Table pub and restaurant and then into a nightclub and bar called Brunel's. It was destroyed by fire in 1998 and was demolished in 2001.

## Facilities

The ticket office on Flixton Road bridge, a portable building installed to replace the demolished station building, is staffed Monday-Friday between 06:20-12:50. At other times, tickets are purchased from the conductor on the train or from a machine on the Manchester bound platform.
The original footbridge remains and is still in use. A small "bus stop" style shelter on the down platform also survives from the original station building. Train running information is provide by timetable posters and information boards. Step-free access is available to both platforms.

## Services

Services are roughly hourly in each direction seven days per week, towards Irlam and Liverpool Lime Street to the west, and towards Urmston and Manchester Oxford Road to the east. Extra services call at the station during peak-hours, when some services terminate at Warrington Central.
# Jake Watson

Jake Watson (December 5, 1973 – March 12, 1999) was an American cyclist. He assisted in the development of the sport of downhill mountain biking, making contributions to industry marketing, bike design and riding techniques.
Known for his massive frame, Watson was given the nickname "Earthquake" early into his cycling, carrying the name to the top on podiums throughout the United States, Canada and Europe. Watson lost his life during downhill practice for California's Keysville Classic as a result of injuries sustained in a crash. As a tribute to Watson's contributions, Marin Bikes released a frame series in 1999, entitled "Quake."

## Sources

* Scientific American Building the Elite Athlete; Scientific American; Lyons Press 978-1-59921-116-9 pp. 129
* Mountain Biking Injuries, An Update: Authors: Kronisch R.L.1; Pfeiffer R.P.2; Sports Medicine, Volume 32, Number 8, 1 August 2002, pp. 523–537 15) Publisher: Adis International
* The Complete Idiots Guide to Cycling: Publisher: Complete Idiots Guide, ISBN 0-02-862929-9.
* Google books
* The Quotable Cyclist: Great Moments of Bicycling Wisdom, Inspiration and Humor; Bill Strickland; Break Away Books; ISBN 1-55821-563-8, pp. 75, 188
* The Bicycling Training Journal: A Daily Dose of Motivation, Training Tips; 1-57954-935-7
* This biographical article relating to American cycling is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Lada Nadezhda

The Lada Nadezhda or VAZ-2120 "Nadezhda" ("Hope", also a Slavic female name) (Ru:Лада Надежда) is a seven-person four-wheel-drive minivan, produced by the Russian automaker AvtoVAZ in 1998-2006.
The VAZ-2120 was the first minivan produced by the Russian auto industry and was based on the VAZ-2131 Niva line of sport utility vehicles. Built in small numbers, it was not met with commercial success and the production dropped down to 1,500 units before it was cancelled in 2006 due to low demand in the Russian market.
The companies Motorica and Super-Avto, two AvtoVAZ subsidiaries located in Tolyatti, produce the Nadezhda on demand.

## Modifications

Series
* VAZ-2120 1.8, with carburetor engine VAZ-2130 (1.8 liter, 80 hp),
* VAZ-2120 1.7i, VAZ-21214 engine with fuel injection (1.7 liters, 84 hp),
* VAZ-2120M (Lada 2120 1.7i), VAZ-21214 engine with fuel injection (1.7 liters, 84 hp).

## Variants

* "Van" ("Utiliter") - commercial retail delivery van
* "Pick-up" - commercial retail delivery truck
* "Service" - mobile workshop
* "Manager" - "office on wheels"
* "Taxi" - 4-seater with a large luggage compartment
* 2120M 4 × 2 - restyled rear-drive version with the rear axle derived from the Izh Oda and a turning rear side door
# On the Record (British TV programme)

On the Record is a BBC political television programme that aired on BBC One in the United Kingdom from 18 September 1988 to 15 December 2002, usually at a Sunday lunchtime. It was the successor to the earlier BBC political television series This Week, Next Week, which had aired on BBC 1 from 18 November 1984 until 12 June 1988, and been presented by David Dimbleby. A total of 492 editions were produced over fifteen series, which apart from two special ones were all sixty minutes long.

## Format

The programme was initially presented by David Dimbleby's younger brother, Jonathan Dimbleby, from its first episode on 18 September 1988 until its 178th one on 18 July 1993. It was later presented by John Humphrys from its 179th episode on 19 September 1993 until its last one on 15 December 2002. With the exceptions of the two special ones on 12 April 1992 and 18 November 2001, each edition ran for sixty minutes, most of them starting with a filmed piece about a major issue of the day before returning to the studio in which the presenter would "grill" a leading politician on the same issue. A long-running segment of the programme was a political sketch that would be presented by the late John Cole (1927-2013), and for its sixth series in 1993, its theme song (which had been composed by George Fenton, but he was not credited) was revised in order to incorporate Cole's section within the programme with his own jingles.

## Production

The programme's mascot was an enormous mutant crocodile, based on a British House of Commons gargoyle and the Great Westminster Clock, and fashioned from plastic, glue and leather. For the opening titles of the first five series, the crocodile marched across the United Kingdom, but for those of the sixth to fifteenth series, it marched across Europe (and from 5 October 1997, the then-new BBC logo, which had replaced the previous underlined one from 1988 only the day before, was faded in at the start of the titles). Both sequences were shot in stop-motion animation by 3 Peach Animation, and at the end of most of the episodes from the sixth to fifteenth series, the credits "flew" into the crocodile's open mouth as it occasionally blinked, before it closed its mouth and lowered its head as the BBC logo of the time, the copyright notice and the editor's credit (along with the programme's website address as of 27 April 1997), appeared.

## Ending

During 2000, the then-current Director-General of the BBC Greg Dyke ordered a review of political output from the BBC, which was carried out by Fran Unsworth. This led to a major overhaul of their political output in 2002, resulting in On the Record being axed and replaced by The Politics Show. The fifteenth series only comprised 12 episodes, and the final one was aired on 15 December 2002.
# Rawdon Briggs

Rawdon Briggs (30 December 1853 – 21 August 1936) was an English first-class cricketer and clergyman.
The son of Rawdon Briggs senior, he was born in December 1853 at Warkworth, Northumberland. He was educated at Winchester College, before going up to St John's College, Oxford. While studying at Oxford, Briggs played first-class cricket for Oxford University in 1874 and 1875, making ten appearances. He scored 342 runs in his ten first-class matches, at an average of 21.37 and with a highest score of 71. After graduating from Oxford, he took holy orders in the Anglican Church. He was the canon of All Saints, Bradford from 1877–82 and was the vicar there from 1882. Briggs died at Bedford in August 1936.
# Adolphe Pictet

Adolphe Pictet (11 September 1799 – 20 December 1875) was a Swiss linguist, philologist and ethnologist.
Pictet, the cousin of the biologist Francois Jules Pictet, is well known for his research in the field of comparative linguistics. He played a crucial formative role in the development of Ferdinand de Saussure; "it was Pictet who introduced the thirteen-year-old Saussure to the theoretical foundations of Indo-European linguistics." But he was also "a dedicated champion of German Romanticism and idealist philosophy":
   Like French, English, and Russian Romantics since the beginning of the century, he made a journey to Germany, where he became acquainted with A. W. Schlegel (with whom he maintained an important correspondence over the course of many years), Goethe, Hegel, Schleiermacher, and Schelling. ... In the spirit of earlier wars between “romantics” and “classics” (a little outmoded by the 1850s), Pictet envisioned Romanticism, with its embrace of pluralism and freedom of invention, as standing in sharp opposition to Classicism, the embodiment of systemic compactness and uniformity.
Pictet "represented the first, Romantic generation of historical linguists, for whom the history of language went hand in hand with the history of the material and spiritual being of the people who spoke it"; his magnum opus was Origines indo-européennes: Essaie de paléontologie linguistique (1859–63), a "monumental attempt, in the tradition of Friedrich Schlegel and Jakob Grimm, to reconstruct the whole world of the proto-Indo-Europeans."

## Life

He was born in Geneva on 11 September 1799 the son of Charles Pictet de Rochemont.
# CTA-102

CTA 102, also known by its B1950 coordinates as 2230+114 (QSR B2230+114) and its J2000 coordinates as J2232+1143 (QSO J2232+1143), is a blazar-type quasar discovered in the early 1960s by a radio survey carried out by the California Institute of Technology. It has been observed by a large range of instruments since its discovery, including WMAP, EGRET, GALEX, VSOP and Parkes, and has been regularly imaged by the Very Long Baseline Array since 1995. It has also been detected in gamma rays, and a gamma-ray flare has been detected from it.
In 1963 Nikolai Kardashev proposed that the then-unidentified radio source could be evidence of a Type II or III extraterrestrial civilization on the Kardashev scale. Follow-up observations were announced in 1965 by Gennady Sholomitskii, who found that the object's radio emission was varying; a public announcement of these results on April 12, 1965, caused a worldwide sensation. The idea that the emission was caused by a civilization was rejected when the radio source was later identified as one of the many varieties of a quasar.
The American folk rock band The Byrds whimsically reflected the original view that CTA-102 was a sign of extraterrestrial intelligence in their song "C.T.A.-102" from their 1967 album Younger Than Yesterday.
In late 2016 CTA 102, usually glowing around magnitude +17, had a bright outburst in visible light to magnitude +11 (~250 times brighter than usual). This likely was the most luminous blazar state ever observed, with an absolute magnitude in excess of -32.
A new outburst began in December 2017, with increased gamma-ray and optical activity. As of 22 December 2017, it has reached magnitude +14.
# Giannis Sentementes

Giannis Sentementes (born 15 June 1992) is a Greek footballer who plays for Panachaiki in the Football League (Greece) as a defender .
# Tor Bergeron

Tor Bergeron (15 August 1891 – 13 June 1977) was a Swedish meteorologist who proposed a mechanism for the formation of precipitation in clouds. In the 1930s, Bergeron and Walter Findeisen [fr] developed the concept that clouds contain both supercooled water and ice crystals. According to Bergeron, most precipitation is formed as a consequence of water evaporating from small supercooled droplets and accreting onto ice crystals, which then fall as snow, or melt and fall as cold rain depending on the ambient air temperature. This process is known as the Bergeron Process, and is believed to be the primary process by which precipitation is formed.
Bergeron was one of the principal scientists in the Bergen School of Meteorology, which transformed this science by introducing a new conceptual foundation for understanding and predicting weather. While developing innovative methods of forecasting, the Bergen scientists established the notion of weather fronts and elaborated a new model of extratropical cyclones that accounted for their birth, growth, and decay. Bergeron is credited with discovering the occlusion process, which marks the final stage in the life cycle of an extratropical cyclone.
In 1949 he was awarded the Symons Gold Medal of the Royal Meteorological Society. In 1966 he was awarded the prestigious International Meteorological Organization Prize from the World Meteorological Organization.
# James Bergeson

James Hunter Bergeson (born March 21, 1961, in Newport Beach, California) is a former water polo player who won the silver medal for the United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. In 2002, he was inducted into the USA Water Polo Hall of Fame.
# 2MASS J05581644–4501559

2MASS J0558 (also known as 2MASS J05581644–4501559) is a young red dwarf. It has one planetary-mass object orbiting it at a separation of 1043 astronomical units.

## The host star

The primary was observed at the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) and the spectrum agrees with an M4V spectral type. The star shows several features of youth, such as H-alpha emission and likely shallower absorption due to TiO, CaH and FeH. TESS shows a variability with a period of 1.56 days and several flares. A short rotation period and the frequency of flares also agree with a young age. The researchers use the rotation period to determine an age limit of 120-650 Million years (Myr). The higher brightness in ultraviolet and maybe x-ray from GALEX and ROSAT are also in agreement with this age. The researchers find that the star could be a member of the 30-100 Myr old Octans-Near moving group, but the nature of this moving group is disputed.

## Planetary system

CWISEP J055816.68-450233.6 was first identified as a possible proper motion object by the CatWISE team in 2020 in WISE data and with Spitzer follow-up. But this team was not able to confirm the motion of this object. Follow-up observations with Magellan/FIRE showed a near-infrared spectral type of T8.5 and it was mentioned for the first time that it could be a companion to 2MASS J0558 (see table 2). In 2024 it was discovered that this T-dwarf co-moves with 2MASS J0558 from WISE/NEOWISE data and it was given the name 0558B. The pair is separated by 38.67 arcseconds. The paper also mentions which citizen scientist from the backyard worlds project discovered this object. The discoverers are the CatWISE team, Arttu Sainio, Dan Caselden and Jim Walla. The spectrum does not show strong peculiarities and the companion was classified as a T8. It does show enhanced K-band spectrum, but it is not clear if this is a sign of youth. From the age of the primary, the secondary has a mass of 6-12 M$_J$, meaning it is below the deuterium-burning limit. This makes this object a planetary-mass companion.
# Tree Assistance Program

The Tree Assistance Program (TAP) is an American disaster assistance program, administered by the Farm Service Agency, that makes payments for lost orchard trees and vines that produce annual crops.
The program has been funded on an ad hoc basis, usually by emergency supplemental appropriations. Most recently, the program was funded for losses incurred between October 1, 1997, and September 30, 1998.
The Agricultural Act of 2014 (also known as the 2014 Farm Bill) authorized the Tree Assistance Program (TAP) to provide financial assistance to qualifying orchardists and nursery tree growers to replant or rehabilitate eligible trees, bushes and vines damaged by natural disasters. It also made TAP a permanent disaster program and provides retroactive authority to cover eligible losses back to Oct. 1, 2011.
The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 also updated TAP, removing the per person and legal entity program year payment limitation ceiling of $125,000. It increased the acreage cap, and growers are eligible to be partly reimbursed for losses on up to 1,000 acres per program year, double the previous acreage.
# Jiang'an, Wuhan

Jiang'an District (simplified Chinese: 江岸区; traditional Chinese: 江岸區; pinyin: Jiāng'àn Qū; lit. 'river bank') forms part of the urban core of and is one of 13 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, China.
Jiang'an District is located on the Yangtze's left (northwestern) shore, and includes the northeastern half of the former Hankou city (northeast, i.e. downstream, of Jianghan Rd.). On the left bank of the Yangtze, it borders Huangpi to the north, Jianghan to the southwest, and Dongxihu to the west; on the opposite bank it borders Hongshan, Wuchang, and Qingshan.

## History

The American Congressional-Executive Commission on China included Jiang Yanchun (姜艳春), a 46 year old native of Huarong District, Ezhou, in their Political Prisoner Database from November 5, 2017. Jiang was a petitioner who was contesting demolition and resettlement in Jiang'an District when she was detained in Beijing at around 4 PM on Sunday, November 13, 2016 for disrupting order in the Tian'anmen area. She was returned to Wuhan on November 14, 2016 where she was detained for ten days and then detained again for most of December for "picking quarrels and provoking trouble", which was seen as an arbitrary detention. She was released on bail on December 29, 2016.

## Administrative divisions

Jiang'an District administers 16 subdistricts and 1 residential community:
* Dazhi Subdistrict [zh] (大智街道)
* Yiyuan Subdistrict
* Chezhan Subdistrict [zh] (车站街道)
* Siwei Subdistrict [zh] (四唯街道)
* Yongqing Subdistrict [zh] (永清街道)
* Xima Subdistrict [zh] (西马街道)
* Qiuchang Subdistrict [zh] (球场街道)
* Laodong Subdistrict [zh] (劳动街道)
* Erqi Subdistrict [zh] (二七街道)
* Xincun Subdistrict [zh] (新村街道)
* Danshuichi Subdistrict [zh] (丹水池街道)
* Taibei Subdistrict [zh] (台北街道)
* Huaqiao Subdistrict [zh] (花桥街道)
* Shenjiaji Subdistrict [zh] (谌家矶街道)
* Houhu Subdistrict [zh] (后湖街道)
* Tazihu Subdistrict [zh] (塔子湖街道)
* Baibutinghuayuan Residential Community [zh] (百步亭花园社区)
# Haiyou Road station

Haiyou Road (Chinese: 海游路) is a station on Line 2 of the Qingdao Metro. It opened on 10 December 2017.
# Harwich Town railway station

Harwich Town railway station is the eastern terminus of the Mayflower Line, a branch of the Great Eastern Main Line, in the East of England, serving the port town of Harwich, Essex. It is 70 miles 61 chains (113.88 km) from London Liverpool Street; the preceding station on the line is Dovercourt. Its three-letter station code is HWC.
The station is currently operated by Greater Anglia, which also runs all trains serving the station.

## History

The line to Harwich was originally opened in 1854 but the present station was built on a revised alignment by the Great Eastern Railway (GER) in 1865–66, the original station in George Street, just a short distance to the north, having burned down. The suffix "Town" was added to the station's name in 1883.
The original station had three platforms and included lines which ran directly onto the two piers from which the GER ferry services operated. The current unnumbered platform has an operational length for eight-coach trains. There was also a GER-owned hotel called The Great Eastern on the quay between the two piers. These piers became redundant when the GER opened Harwich Parkeston Quay station up-river from Harwich Town and in 1923 the new operator London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) closed the hotel.
There were also sidings and a 42 ft (12.8 m) turntable to the south-east of the rebuilt station.
The arrival/sailing of a train ferry every six hours (day and night) with each vessel bringing and sailing with 36 continental wagons which were handled over sidings on the north-west side of the station created a high level of activity, and in later years car trains were regular users of the outer platforms delivering/collecting cars for MAT Transport and delivering cars, mainly for BMC, for eventual shipment from Navyard Wharf.
The station, goods yard, and movements to and from the train ferry terminal were controlled from a signal box positioned at the southern end of the station which was in use from 1882 until December 1985 and had 50 levers.
On 15 April 2019 the station buildings opened as "The Harwich Town railway and maritime" museum.

## Services

As of December 2015 the typical weekday off-peak service is one train per hour to Manningtree, although there some additional services at peak times. Trains generally call at all stations along the Mayflower Line; some are extended to or from Colchester and/or London Liverpool Street.
# Weber W-141

The Weber W-141 was a utility aircraft designed in Brazil in 1950. It was the second project developed by Weber, and made its maiden flight in 1957. It was the first all-metal, single-engine aircraft assembled nationally. During its initial tests it accumulated more than 40 flight hours in Botucatu. The prototype was sent to São José dos Campos, for certification at CTA and then to be serially manufactured. During the tests, the unfamiliar pilot had difficulties in flight and when landing he went over the runway limit, totally destroying the aircraft, the pilot was not injured.
Because of this accident the plane was not certified for serial production, and the project was abandoned. The other models were used by the Brazilian Air Force for testing.