OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Rédei

George P. Rédei (June 14, 1921 – November 10, 2008) was a Hungarian plant biologist, professor, author and member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

## Biography

George Rédei was born June 14, 1921, in Vienna, Austria, to Kalman and Margit Rédei. He lived in Hungary, where he finished his formal education, until 1956. He and his wife, Magdolna, moved to Columbia, Missouri in 1957. He began teaching at the University of Missouri (MU) that year.
At MU, Rédei researched the genetics and biology of Arabidopsis thaliana, a small mustard plant. He was the only person in the United States to work with the plant for about 20 years, having begun working with Arabidopsis in 1957 using seeds he had brought with him from Europe. As of 2008, about 16,000 laboratories worldwide were pursuing research with Arabidopsis using his methods. Rédei used radiation to create mutant collections that were instrumental in the first Arabidopsis genetic experiments. The importance of Arabidopsis as a model system for plant genetics was not immediately appreciated; Rédei recalled that in 1969, "the NSF [National Science Foundation] program director informed me I had to quit Arabidopsis if I wanted to continue to get support". Rédei's efforts later attracted the attention of Maarten Koornneef [nl], who began studying Arabidopsis while at the Wageningen Agricultural University in the Netherlands in 1976. Koornneef ultimately constructed a detailed genetic map, further facilitating Arabidopsis genetic research. In an article in Science published in 2000 when the Arabidopsis genome sequence was first reported, Robert Pruitt (molecular geneticist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana) stated "[Rédei and Koornneef] were the guys that kept the torch burning [for Arabidopsis] during the dark ages."
Rédei conducted his research in a Curtis Hall office, which had been designed and occupied by Barbara McClintock, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983.
Rédei published approximately 250 papers, notes, letters, book chapters and books. His work appeared in journals including Science, Nature, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, the EMBO Journal, Genes and Development, Molecular and General Genetics, Biochemical Genetics, and Annual Review of Genetics.
Rédei remained at MU until he retired in 1991, but continued teaching as a professor emeritus. He was a visiting professor at the Max-Planck-Institut in Cologne, Germany, and he taught for four years at the Eötvös Loránd University of Basic Sciences in Budapest, Hungary. Rédei was also a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
After he retired, Rédei continued to publish. His works include the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Genetics, Genomics and Proteomics, a Genetics Manual and a two-volume body of work titled the Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics, and Informatics.
In 2004, MU dedicated the Plant Growth Facilities section of the Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center to Rédei.
Rédei died on November 10, 2008, in Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 87. He had one daughter, Mari Rédei Tenkhoff, and three granddaughters.
# Western Bell

Western Bell is an album by American blues singer and guitarist Kelly Joe Phelps, released 2009. Unlike his previous albums, Western Bell is entirely instrumental. After five discs on Rykodisc and one for Rounder, Phelps joined Black Hen Music, a small independent record label founded in Vancouver, British Columbia.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| BBC Music | (no rating) |
| No Depression | (Favorable) |
| PopMatters | |
Music critic Thom Jurek praised the release in his Allmusic review, writing "Phelps has, on Western Bell, offered listeners a complete synthesis of his musical vision as a guitarist... Phelps infuses his own music with such comfort, space, and gentleness in his playing that what comes out is his own inviting but subjective history of blues as it has evolved in his spirit... Western Bell is among the most unique acoustic guitar recordings out there today... Cryptic, hushed, confoundingly beautiful, this is a brilliant, deeply moving work by an artist who has created a new language on the acoustic guitar, culled from the discontinued speech fragments of American music's own mysterious past." Chris Jones of the BBC wrote: "... while Phelps' lyrical work may sometimes be a little too intense for its own good, you find yourself missing his rasp. Such technically dazzling stuff can often be hard to really love, and it is a little over-egged. But when it's properly balanced with the glow of familiar chord progressions as on the appropriately-named 12-string track, Hometown With Melody, it's simply wonderful. One for fans."
Steve Pick of No Depression praised the Phelps' change in direction, writing "... often exquisite, and always intriguing, that his commercial divergence is our gain... Western Bell may be something more for those who miss the late, great John Fahey, or who wish Leo Kottke would drop his microphone and just play. There is definitely a sense of connection to those prior masters of acoustic guitar with folk and modernist ideas."
PopMatters critic Alan Ranta praised the album within the small niche of solo guitar: "In a world adequately full of praise for the likes of Leo Kottke and John Fahey, surely there is room for Washington’s Kelly Joe Phelps. His eighth album of solo acoustic guitar improvisation should be enough to land him status in the company of legends, if he isn’t there already... there is something undeniably moving about Western Bell... Phelps speaks directly to your soul. If that isn’t the stuff of legends, I don’t know what is."

## Track listing

All songs written by Kelly Joe Phelps.
* "Western Bell" – 3:08
* "Sovereign Wyoming" – 3:58
* "Blowing Dust 40 Miles" – 4:46
* "American Exchange Hotel" – 2:27
* "Hometown with Melody" – 4:19
* "Hattie's Hat" – 4:27
* "The Jenny Spin" – 4:47
* "Murdo" – 4:41
* "East to Kansas" – 3:56
* "Blue Daughter Tattoo" – 4:47
* "Little Family" – 3:57

## Personnel

* Kelly Joe Phelps - 6 and 12-string guitars, lap steel guitar, bells
Production notes:
* Produced and engineered by Kelly Joe Phelps
* Cover photograph, graphics, and layout by Anthony Saint James
# Penstemon filiformis

Penstemon filiformis is an uncommon species of Penstemon known by the common name threadleaf penstemon. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California, where it grows in forest and woodland, often on serpentine soils.

## Description

Penstemon filiformis may be a subshrub, a plant that is partly woody, or herbaceous plant. When a subshrub it has an open form and a very woody base. Its stems may grow straight upwards or outwards before curving to grow upright, reaching a height between 16 and 50 centimeters (6.5 and 19.5 in). The texture of the stems ranges from puberulent to retrorsely hairy, having very thin, short, stiff hairs to backwards facing hairs, but are not waxy or glaucous.
The leaves are very narrow, linear and rolled to threadlike, with a length of 2 to 7 centimeters. The leaves low on the plant sometimes borne in clusters. They may be covered in the same pointed hairs as the stems or may be hairless and on the stems there will be eight to twelve pairs.
The inflorescence is 9 to 22 cm (3.5 to 8.5 in) of the upper portion of the stems. Each inflorescence will ahve one to five groups of flowers with each group having one or two cymes with one to three flowers. The flower petals are fused into funnel shape 13 to 18 cm long and are covered in glandular hairs externally, but hairless inside. The fused flower petals are blue-purple with a blue limb, but the flower buds are yellowish.

## Taxonomy

Penstemon filiformis was initially described as a subspecies named Penstemon laetus subsp. filiformis by David D. Keck in 1932. The botanist Howard Earnest McMinn published a description of it as a variety of the same species in 1939 in the Illustrated Manual of California Shrubs. Keck revised his own classification to a species with the present name in 1951. Penstemon filiformis has no varieties or other synonyms. The type specimen was collected in the Sacramento River Canyon between Lamoine and Sims.

### Names

In English it is known variously by related common names such as threadleaf penstemon, thread-leaved penstemon, threadleaf beardtongue, or thread-leaved beardtongue.

## Range and habitat

Threadleaf penstemon is endemic to the state of California where it grows in the Klamath Mountains. The known populations grow in Lake, Shasta, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties. It is found above 400 meters (1,300 ft) and below 600 m (2,000 ft). The area of its range is between 1,000 and 5,000 square kilometers (400 and 1,900 sq mi).
It grows on open rocky flats and gulches in the transition zone. It is associated with Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi) in the lower montane forest. It is strongly associated with serpentine soil, but does not always grow on them.

### Conservation

The conservation organization NatureServe evaluated Penstemon filiformis in 2022 and rated it as apparently secure (G4). Though it has a very narrow range it is abundant in its habitat with about half of its population on United States Forest Service land.
# Bjørn Myrseth

Bjørn Myrseth (born 1944) is a Norwegian biologist and businessperson, and since 1987 chief executive officer of Marine Farms. Myrseth was educated in fishery biology from the University of Bergen, and was a co-founder of Stolt Sea Farms in 1972, where he was CEO until 1987. He then sold his stake in the company, and founded Marine Farms, where he continues as CEO.
# USS Hampton

USS Hampton has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:
* USS Hampton (ID-3049), also listed as USS Hampton (SP-3049), a tug in commission from 1918 to 1919
* USS Hampton (APA-115), an attack transport in commission from 1945 to 1946
* USS PCS-1386, a patrol craft sweeper commissioned in 1944, renamed USS Hampton (PCS-1386) in February 1956, decommissioned in April 1956, and used as a non-commissioned training ship until sold in 1959
* USS Hampton (SSN-767), a submarine commissioned in 1993 and currently in active service
# Nils Are Øritsland

Nils Are Øritsland (5 August 1939 – 24 November 2006) was a Norwegian polar researcher in animal physiology and ecology. Øritsland received his PhD in 1976 from the University of Oslo. He was director of the Norwegian Polar Institute from 1991 to 1993. In 1980, Øritsland conducted a controversial study into the effects of oil spills on polar bears that resulted in the deaths of polar bears after they ingested crude oil.

## Selected works

* Lavigne, D. M. and Øritsland, N. A. (1974) Ultraviolet photography: a new application for remote sensing of mammals, Can J. Zool. 52, 939–943
* Lavigne, D. M. and Øritsland, N. A. (1974) Black polar bears, Nature 251, 218–219
* Øritsland, N. A. and Ronald, K. (1978) Solar heating of mammals: Observations of hair transmittance, Int. J. Biometeor. 22, 197–201
* Øritsland, N. A. (1986) Svalbardreinen og dens livsgrunnlag, Universitetsforlaget, ISBN 82-00-07728-4
* Øritsland, N. A. (1990) Starvation survival and body composition in mammals with particular reference to Homo sapiens. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 52, 643–655
# Wacław Gajewski

Wacław Gajewski (Polish pronunciation:; 28 Februari 1911 – 12 December 1997) was a Polish geneticist, one of the founders of the Polish post-war genetics and author of academic and popular scientific books.

## Biography

Gajewski was born in Kraków in 1911. He graduated from the Warsaw University in 1934 and received his doctorate in 1937.
Shortly after the war, in 1948 Gajewski was one of the few Polish biologists who opposed the official "new biology", lysenkoism—a pseudoscientific theory of genetics proposed by the Soviet agronomist Trofim Lysenko. Consequently, during the Stalinist period Gajewski was not allowed any contact with students; however, he was permitted to continue his scientific work. In 1950 he was elected a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences.
In 1956, with the Gomułka Thaw and the diminishing importance of lysenkoism, Gajewski was allowed to hold a position of lecturer at the University of Warsaw, where two years later, the first Polish department of genetics was established under his leadership.
During the years 1967-1981 Gajewski was the director of the Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 1981, when martial law was imposed in Poland, Gajewski (then retired) was initially on the list of Polish scientists that were to be arrested.
He died in Warsaw in 1997.

## Scientific career

Gajewski first published in 1932. He soon became interested in cytogenetics and molecular genetics.
In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Gajewski worked on the genetics of the genus Geum. Later, he published several acknowledged papers in the area of fungal genetics.
# Pan de Azúcar, Uruguay

Pan de Azúcar is a city in the southwest of the Maldonado Department in Uruguay. It takes its name from a nearby hill (Cerro Pan de Azúcar, actually located in the neighbouring municipality of Piriápolis), topped by a huge cross.
Pan de Azúcar is also the name of the municipality to which the city belongs. It includes the zones: Pan de Azúcar, Gerona, Kilómetro 110, Nueva Carrara, Puntas de Pan de Azúcar, Laguna del Sauce, Laguna de los Cisnes.

## Geography

The city is located at the junction of Route 9 with Route 60, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north-northeast of Piriápolis (via Route 37) and about 34 kilometres (21 mi) (via Routa IB) west-northwest from the capital city, Maldonado. The stream Arroyo Pan de Azúcar flows by the southwest limits of the city.

## History

It was founded in October 1874 by Félix de Lizarza. Lizarra counted with the help of inhabitants from the city of San Carlos.
Its status was elevated to "Pueblo" (village) by Decree of 20 April 1887, and on 7 September 1961, it was further elevated to "Ciudad" (city) by the Act of Ley N° 12.908.

## Population

In 2011, Pan de Azúcar had a population of 6,597. According to the Intendencia Departamnetal de Maldonado, the municipality of Pan de Azúcar has a population of 9,500.
| Year | Population |
| 1908 | 3,409 |
| 1963 | 4,190 |
| 1975 | 5,125 |
| 1985 | 5,513 |
| 1996 | 6,532 |
| 2004 | 7,098 |
| 2011 | 6,597 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay

## Places of worship

* Parish Church of Our Lady of Sorrows (Roman Catholic)
# Elektrogorsk railway station

Elektrogosk (Russian: Электрого́рск) is a railway station on Gorkovsky suburban railway line of Moscow Railway. This station is the terminus of Pavlovsky Posad - Elektrogorsk line. The station is located in Elektrogorsk, Moscow Oblast.
# Landeh, Khuzestan

Landeh (Persian: لنده, also Romanized as Lendeh) is a village in Dehdez Rural District, Dehdez District, Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 326, in 48 families.
# Mortal Kombat: Onslaught

Mortal Kombat: Onslaught is an action-adventure beat 'em up role-playing video game, developed by NetherRealm Studios, released on October 17, 2023 and shut down on October 21, 2024. Part of the Mortal Kombat franchise, it is the fourth installment to not be a fighting game and combines the combat gameplay with a full cinematic storyline, reminiscent of free-to-play mobile multiplayer online battle arena games. It began location testing on October 31, 2022.
Developer Ed Boon stated about the development of the game, "We are pushing the boundaries of Mortal Kombat to allow players to experience the franchise in new ways, while still staying true to its core visceral nature... With Mortal Kombat: Onslaught, we reimagined Mortal Kombat into a strategic team-based collection [role-playing game] with fast-paced, group melee combat that both new and existing fans can enjoy."
The game was shut down on October 21, 2024, as had been announced in July following the reported closure of the company's mobile division.
# Robert Hughes (darts player)

Robert Hughes (born 12 December 1966) is a Welsh former professional darts player. He used the nickname "Elvis", after his favourite singer, Elvis Presley.

## Career

Hughes reached the quarter-finals of the 1997 Welsh Open and the 2000 British Open and then reached the semi-finals of the 2004 Welsh Open, where he beat Lee Palfreyman, Steve Smith and John Walton before losing to Tony West. Hughes then won the 2005 Wales National Championship, beating Mark Webster in the final.
Hughes reached the final of the 2006 BDO Gold Cup, losing to Gary Anderson. He then reached the quarter-finals of the 2006 WDF Europe Cup where he lost to Sweden's Göran Klemme. Hughes then reached the last 16 of the 2006 Winmau World Masters, defeating Ted Hankey before losing to Brian Woods.
A quarter final place in the Northern Ireland Open was Hughes' only credible run in 2007 which was a bad year, suffering early exits in the International Darts League, the World Masters and the BDO World Championship qualifiers. 2008 was Hughes' best year on the circuit, reaching the final of the Isle of Man Open, losing to Dave Chisnall. He then reached for semi finals of the Welsh Open, beating Scott Waites, Dave Prins and fellow Welshman Alan Walker before losing to Webster. He then reached the final of the Wales National Championship, losing to Liverpool's Robbie Green.
Hughes qualified for the 2009 Lakeside World Professional Darts Championship as one of the non-seeded players. He defeated 16th seed Eddy Sims 3–2 in the first round but lost 4–2 to number one seed Gary Anderson in the second round, despite taking a 2–1 lead in the match.

## World Championship results
### BDO

* 2009: Last 16: (lost to Gary Anderson 2–4) (sets)
# Relevo

Relevo is a sports website written in Spanish and based in Madrid. It covers national and international sports, with a focus on Gen Z and millennial audiences. It is owned by Spanish media group Vocento. It launched on 6 October 2022, after four months of providing editorial coverage on TikTok, Twitch, Instagram, and Twitter.

## Content and features

Relevo focuses on sports-related topics. This differs from the trend of diversifying content observed in mainstream Spanish sports websites, such as Marca and Diario As. Relevo claimed to avoid clickbait techniques to attract users.
Relevo's coverage includes a mix of original reporting, videos, and in-depth analysis. Its business model is 'advertising-only'. Vocento stated that it does not expect the project to be EBITDA-positive until 2025.
In the context of sports, the Spanish word "relevo" refers to a member of a team handing off a baton or taking a leg on a relay race competition, such as those typically held in track, cycling, or swimming.

## History

Óscar Campillo, former editor of Marca and then PR director at Vocento, started developing the project in December 2021, supported by a small group of former Marca and As journalists. In May 2021, Relevo started a live Twitter thread where a headcount of the team is kept. As of October 2022, this thread featured 73 people.
Relevo started publishing content on TikTok in May 2022. In the following weeks, it launched profiles on Twitter and Instagram, as well as a 3-hour weekday daily live show on Twitch. As of October 2022, Relevo had amassed a combined following of 312,000 user profiles amongst the four platforms.
Relevo's launch on social networks was covered by Spanish media experts as an example of a successful strategy to build a social media following.
# Olympus Arena

The Palace of Sports Olimp (Russian: Дворец спорта «Олимп»), also known as Olimp Palace of Sport, Sports Palace Olimp and Olympus Arena is a sports complex in Krasnodar, Russia. Its 6,000 square metres contains fitness rooms, conference hall, food service areas and a 3,000 seat multi-purpose arena.
It is the home venue of volleyball club Dinamo Krasnodar (both men's team and women's team) and handball clubs Kuban Krasnodar and SKIF Krasnodar. It used to be the home venue of basketball club PBC Lokomotiv-Kuban before they move to a larger venue in 2011.
# Bobby Moers

Robert Moers (August 9, 1918 – September 1, 1986) was a college basketball, baseball, and football player for The University of Texas at Austin.
Known for his outstanding dribbling skills, Moers was a three-year letterman under Texas basketball head coach Jack Gray from 1938 to 1940. Moers received recognition as a two-time all-Southwest Conference and two-time first-team All-American point guard in 1939 and 1940. He was the first Longhorn basketball player to win All-America honors in more than one season. Moers helped to lead the 1939 Longhorns to an outright Southwest Conference championship—Texas's first conference title since Ed Olle's 22–1 team of 1932–33—and to the first-ever edition of the NCAA Tournament, where Texas fell 56–41 to the eventual national champion Oregon Webfoots (later known as the Ducks) in the Elite Eight round. In his senior season, he would help lead Texas to an 18–5 overall record and a retroactive national ranking of No. 17 in the Premo-Porretta Power Poll. Moers was also a three-time all-Southwest Conference third baseman in baseball for the Longhorns from 1938 to 1940.
Moers entered medical school after graduating from UT and would become a highly successful Houston physician. He was inducted into the UT Men's Hall of Honor in 1964 and was later named to the UT All-Decade Team of the 1930s in basketball. In 1975, the Southwest Conference named Moers as one of five members of its "UT All-Time Team."
# Theo de Graaf

Theo de Graaf (10 September 1942 - November 11 2019) was a Dutch politician and an MP in the Member of the House of Representatives from 2002 to 2003 for the Pim Fortuyn List.
De Graff worked as an optician before becoming involved with politics and owned a chain of eyewear stores. He was initially a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy before switching his support to the LPF. He was elected to parliament during the 2002 Dutch general election. In parliament, de Graff dealt with financial and economic affairs and public health and spoke twice in plenary on this subject. Following his election, de Graaf was accused of bribery and paying money to secure his parliamentary seat, although a subsequent investigation cleared him of wrongdoing.
De Graff died in 2019 in his hometown of Capelle.
# Montecollum, New South Wales

Montecollum is a small town located in the Northern Rivers Region of New South Wales. It sits within the Byron Shire local government area and is approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) from the regional centre of Byron Bay.
It is on the lands of the Arakwal of the Bundjalung nation, who are its traditional owners.
The major tourist attraction in the town is the Crystal Castle and Shambhala Gardens.
# Michele Smith (actress)

Michele Smith is an American actress and model, most commonly known as the hostess on the TV series American Thunder. She has also been featured in magazines including Playboy, Muscle and Fitness, Swimwear USA, Swimwear International, Neue Revue, Wild Motorcycles, Full Throttle, V-Twin, Hot Rod, Easyriders, and Iron Works. In addition to modeling, she designs women's clothing and lingerie, especially for the motorcycle market.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 1987 | Dorf on Golf | "Boom-Boom" LaRue | |
| 1987 | Dorf's Golf Bible | "Boom-Boom" LaRue | |
| 1988 | Dorf and the First Games of Mount Olympus | "Boom-Boom" LaRue | |
| 1988 | Out of This World | | "Evie's Birthday Wish" episode |
| 1989 | Married... with Children | Bunny | "Dead Men Don't Do Aerobics" episode |
| 1990 | Blood Salvage | Beauty Contestant | |
| 1990 | Dorf Goes Auto Racing | "Boom-Boom" LaRue | |
| 1991 | Anything But Love | | "I Feel a Cult Coming On" episode |
| 1993 | Madison | Sarah | "The Boy Wonder" episode |
| 1994 | Robin's Hoods | Dr. Jensen | "Kidnapped Boyfriend" episode |
| 1995 | Hologram Man | Casey | |
| 1997 | Mary Jane's Not a Virgin Anymore | Fake Wedding Bride | |
| 2000 | American Thunder | Host | Speed channel |
| 2005 | Wake of the Fallen Sun | Boss | |
| 2010 | Two Wheel Thunder - An American Icon | Host | HD Theater |