# List of colonial governors of Ruanda-Urundi

This is a list of European colonial administrators responsible for the territory of Ruanda-Urundi, an area equivalent to modern-day Rwanda and Burundi. Ruanda-Urundi formed part of German East Africa until it was captured by Belgian forces during World War I. After that, the territory became a Class B League of Nations mandate, and later a United Nations trust territory, under the administration of Belgium, until 1962 when the constituent parts of the territory became independent.

## German rule
### Military District of Ujiji

| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Notes |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Notes |
| | Hans von Ramsay (1862–1938) | Commander | May 1896 | 189? | | |
| | Heinrich Bethe | Commander | 1898 | February 1901 | 2–3 years | |

### Military District of Usumbura

| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Notes |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Notes |
| | Heinrich Bethe | Commander | 1899 | 1902 | 2–3 years | |
| | Friedrich Robert von Beringe (1865–1940) | Commander | August 1902 | February 1904 | 1 year, 6 months | |
| | Werner von Grawert [de] (1867–1918) | Commander | February 1904 | June 1906 | 2 years, 4 months | |

### Military Residency of Urundi and Ruanda

| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Notes |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Notes |
| | Werner von Grawert [de] (1867–1918) | Military Resident | 1906 | 15 November 1907 | 0–1 years | |
On 15 November 1907, the Military Residency of Urundi and Ruanda was divided into two civil residencies: Ruanda and Urundi.

## Belgian rule
### Territories south of Lake Victoria (including Northern Ruanda)

| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Notes |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Notes |
| | Philippe Molitor (1869–1952) | Commander of the Northern Brigade | April 1916 | 1916 | 0 years | |
| | Armand Huyghé (1871–1944) | Commander of the Northern Brigade | 1916 | 1917 | 0–1 years | |

### Territories east of Lake Kivu and Lake Tanganyika (including Southern Ruanda and Urundi)

| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Notes |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Notes |
| | Frederik-Valdemar Olsen (1877–1962) | Commander of the Southern Brigade | May 1916 | 1917 | 0–1 years | |

### Occupied East African territories

| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Notes |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Notes |
| | Charles Tombeur (1867–1947) | Military Governor | April 1916 | 22 November 1916 | 7 months | |
| | Justin Malfeyt (1862–1924) | Royal Commissioner | 22 November 1916 | May 1919 | 2 years, 5 months | |
| | Alfred Marzorati (1881–1955) | Royal Commissioner | May 1919 | 20 October 1924 | 5 years, 5 months | |
| | Pierre Ryckmans (1891–1959) | Acting Royal Commissioner | November 1921 | July 1922 | 8 months | |

### Ruanda-Urundi mandate / trust territory

| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Notes |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Position | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Notes |
| | Alfred Marzorati (1881–1955) | Royal Commissioner | 20 October 1924 | 28 August 1926 | 1 year, 312 days | |
| | Pierre Ryckmans (1891–1959) | Acting Royal Commissioner | 15 November 1925 | 13 December 1926 | 1 year, 28 days | |
| | Alfred Marzorati (1881–1955) | Governor and Deputy Governor-General of the Belgian Congo | 28 August 1926 | 5 February 1929 | 2 years, 161 days | |
| | Louis Postiaux (1882–1948) | Acting Governor and Deputy Governor-General of the Belgian Congo | 5 February 1929 | 4 July 1930 | 1 year, 149 days | |
| | Charles Voisin (1887–1942) | Governor and Deputy Governor-General of the Belgian Congo | 4 July 1930 | 18 August 1932 | 2 years, 45 days | |
| | Eugène Jungers (1888–1958) | Governor and Deputy Governor-General of the Belgian Congo | 18 August 1932 | 5 July 1946 | 13 years, 321 days | |
| | Maurice Simon (1892–1960) | Governor and Deputy Governor-General of the Belgian Congo | 5 July 1946 | August 1949 | 3 years | |
| | Léo Pétillon (1903–1996) | Governor and Deputy Governor-General of the Belgian Congo | August 1949 | 1 January 1952 | 2 years, 5 months | |
| | Alfred Claeys-Boùùaert (1906–1993) | Governor and Deputy Governor-General of the Belgian Congo | 1 January 1952 | 1 March 1955 | 3 years, 59 days | |
| | Jean-Paul Harroy (1909–1995) | Governor and Deputy Governor-General of the Belgian Congo | 1 March 1955 | 1960 | 7 years, 122 days | |
| | Jean-Paul Harroy (1909–1995) | Resident-General | 1960 | 1 July 1962 | 7 years, 122 days | |
On 1 July 1962, the constituent parts of Ruanda-Urundi became independent as the Republic of Rwanda (République du Rwanda) and the Kingdom of Burundi (Royaume du Burundi), respectively.