OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Liechtenstein at the 2021 Summer World University Games

Liechtenstein competed at the 2021 Summer World University Games in Chengdu, China held from 28 July to 8 August 2023.

## Competitors

| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Swimming | 1 | 0 | 1 |

## Swimming
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Fabio Toscan | 50 metre backstroke | 28.06 | 32 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Fabio Toscan | 100 metre backstroke | 1:00.71 | 33 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Fabio Toscan | 200 metre backstroke | 2:11.19 | 21 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Fabio Toscan | 400 metre individual medley | 4:44.63 | 21 | — | — | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# Lespedeza cuneata

Lespedeza cuneata is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names Chinese bushclover and sericea lespedeza, or just sericea. It is native to Asia and is present elsewhere as an introduced species and sometimes an invasive plant. Australian populations of Lespedeza juncea have sometimes been considered to belong to this species but are now considered to be distinct.

## Description

This plant is a perennial herb with branching stems reaching a maximum height around two meters. It grows from a woody taproot which may exceed one meter in length and which is topped with a woody caudex. The stems are covered densely in leaves, which are each divided into leaflets up to 2.5 centimetres (1 inch) long. Flowers occur singly or in clusters of up to three in the leaf axils. Some of the flowers are cleistogamous, remaining closed and self-pollinating. The open flowers are purple, cream, white, or yellowish in color. The fruit is a legume pod containing one seed.

## Distribution

Lespedeza cuneata is native to eastern Asia and is also found in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Australia. L. cuneata can be found by the roadside on mountain slopes and usually grows below an attitude of 2500 meters.
This plant has been introduced to the United States, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and Mexico. It was first planted in the US in North Carolina in 1896. It was used to control erosion and to revegetate abandoned mine sites and was used as forage for livestock. It was useful in areas susceptible to drought because its deep roots can keep it alive. A number of cultivars have been developed, including 'Arlington', 'Serala', 'AU Lotan', 'AU Donnelly', 'AU Grazer', and 'Interstate'.

## Invasive species

The plant is considered invasive in many areas such as the tallgrass prairie in the Flint Hills of Kansas. When it invades a habitat it reduces the abundance and diversity of native plants and can make the area less attractive to wildlife. It may inhibit the growth of tree seedlings. It may be allelopathic, producing substances that chemically inhibit the growth of other plants. The species also features on the European list of invasive alien species. It is now illegal to sell, transport and breed this plant in the whole of the European Union.
Possible biological pest control agents include the Lespedeza webworm (Tetralopha scortealis). It will probably not be approved for use, however, because it does not discriminate between native and invasive Lespedezas. Grazing may also be a way to control the plant, especially by goats.

## Noxious weed laws
### United States

At least the following states have restrictions on this plant: Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, and New York.

## Gallery

* Lespedeza sericea plant growing in Kansas. This plant was 2 1/2 feet tall. Taken in September 2013.
* Lespedeza sericea plant growing in Kansas (with two more in the background). Taken in September 2013.
* Lespedeza sericea plant up close. Shows the leaf pattern. Taken in September before the blooms started.
# Bhil Pal

Raja Bhil Pal (1473–1513) was a Rajput ruler of the kingdom of Nurpur, in the Himalayan foothills. He was a contemporary of Sikandar Lodi of Delhi (1488–1516), and assisted him in his wars and therefore increased his own territory.
The Punjab had come under Muslim rule from the time of its conquest by Mahmud of Ghazni, and the states bordering on the plains were probably the first to suffer. The Pathania Kings were in good terms with the Sultans at Delhi, at that period of time, therefore their territory was independent, and as a result it was greatly enlarged during Raja Bhil Pal's reign. During his rule the kingdom of the Pathania Rajputs extended far into the plains of Punjab and in the opposite direction to the borders of Chamba and Kangra. He was succeeded by his son, Raja Bakht Mal on the throne.
# Galactia smallii

Galactia smallii is a rare species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name Small's milkpea. It is endemic to Florida, where it is known only from a few small patches of remaining habitat in Miami-Dade County. It is threatened by the destruction and inadequate management of its habitat. It was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 1985.

## Description

This plant is a creeping or climbing vine with gray-haired stems reaching up to 2 meters long. The shaggy hairs on the stem nodes may be up to 8 millimeters long. Each leaf is compound, made up of three hairy leaflets that measure 1 to 2 centimeters long. The inflorescence produces 1 to 5 pea flowers which are just over a centimeter long and pink to lavender in color. The flowers are pollinated by the Cassius blue butterfly (Leptotes cassius theonus) and other insects. The fruit is a hairy legume pod 3 or 4 centimeters long and a few millimeters wide.

## Habitat

This species grows in Florida's pine rockland habitat, an increasingly rare type of ecosystem dominated by the slash pine (Pinus elliottii). The trees are narrow and the canopy is open, providing sunlight to the understory. Among the pines are over 100 species of trees, including many palms, and a diverse array of herbs, including many rare and endemic species. The habitat is maintained by a natural fire regime of periodic wildfire which prevents the succession of the pine rockland to a hammock ecosystem. Fire clears overgrown tall and woody vegetation to maintain the characteristic open canopy. Less than 2% of the pine rocklands of Florida remain today.

## Management and status

When this plant was added to the endangered species list it was known from only two places near Homestead, Florida. The habitat was being rapidly consumed and converted to residential tracts in the Miami metropolitan area. Remaining fragmented strips of the habitat were becoming degraded, primarily by the practice of fire suppression. The area, which would normally burn every 3 to 7 years, was becoming overgrown and the habitat was changing from pine rockland to hammock. In the absence of fire the open canopy fills in with brush and mature trees and Small's milkpea cannot tolerate the shade.
Appropriate land management in the pine rocklands involves controlled burns to mimic the natural pattern. Fire also helps to prevent the encroachment of invasive plants. One of the worst offenders is Natal grass (Melinis repens).
The plant is present at eight sites on public land and an unknown number of sites on private property. The County of Miami-Dade has purchased some tracts of land that contain the plant for the purpose of managing and conserving them. The largest population is located on public, county-owned land near the Homestead Joint Air Reserve Base, and negotiations are underway to develop a plan for the land.
# Thole v. U. S. Bank N. A.

Thole v. U. S. Bank N. A., 590 U.S. ___ (2020), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that participants in a defined-benefit retirement plan who are guaranteed a fixed payment each month regardless of the plan’s value or its fiduciaries' investment decisions lack Article III standing to bring a lawsuit against the fiduciaries under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.
# Harry Kimani

Harrison Mungai "Harry" Kimani (born c. 1982) is a Kenyan musician and composer.

## Biography

Kimani grew up with music, teaching himself to play the guitar by watching an older brother perform. He attended Kirangari High School in Nairobi, where he already showed a great interest in music; he sang, composed songs, participated in music festivals and, at one time, conducted the school choir. His first love in high school inspired him to compose a song called "African Woman," which was well received among his friends; they urged him to record the song.
In 1999, Kimani left school to look for a recording studio. Eventually, in 2000, he met producer Maurice Oyando of Next Level Productions; with Oyando's assistance, he recorded "African Woman," which was released as a single. The song began to receive air play on several radio stations in Nairobi. Encouraged by this early success, Kimani returned to the studio to record a complete album, tentatively titled African Woman. A second single, "Tuohere" (God Forgive Us), was released for radio play. Although the African Woman album was completed in 2001, it was not released due to lack of funds. Undaunted, Kimani returned to the studio to work on another album while his first one waited for release. He has since recorded and released two albums, Unborn and Tiushi Mi Nawe.
When the Festival Mundial officials visited Kenya in September 2002, they were impressed by Kimani's talents. He performed at the 2003 Sarakasi Festival in Nairobi and was part of a group of Kenyan artists invited to perform at the Festival Mundial in June 2003 in the Netherlands.
Harry Kimani was also featured in the award-winning African hip-hop documentary Hip-hop Colony.
In 2009, Harry released his latest album, The Quest.

## Style

Kimani's musical style has been described as "African soul and a little bit of rumba and R&B." He sings in three languages—English, Kikuyu and Swahili—and his lyrics address the issues of everyday life and society. His recent performances have included the North Sea Jazz Festival in Rotterdam, North Sea Jazz Salutes Nairobi, and Bløf's Umoja Project launch in Amsterdam.

## Discography

* The Quest – 2009
* Tuishi Mi Nawe – Sawa Sawa Fair Trade Label 2006
* Unborn – 2005 (collaborative effort with Bamboo, Attitude, Mercy Myra and more)
* African Woman – 2001 (unreleased)

## Awards

Won:
* 2005 Kisima Music Awards for Best Music Video & Best Song
Nominated:
* 2005 Kora Awards – Most Promising Male Artiste
# Tombel

Tombel is a town and commune in the Southwest Region of Cameroon, in the north of the Mungo Valley. The town is traditionally part of the Bakossi people's country, but now has a significant population of other tribes from other regions of Cameroon.
In late 1966, tension between some Bakossi indigenes and some Bamilekes resulted in an outbreak of violence. This outbreak was the remnants of the Union of the Peoples of Cameroon's political movement. Losses were counted on both sides, mostly from the Bamilekes with 236 settlers dead. The Bakossi indigenes argued that some Bamilekes were forcing a political course that threatened the integrity of the Bakossi land and people. In response, the army moved in, rounded up all able-bodied Bakossi men in the Tombel area, and placed them in detention camps, where many were severely tortured to obtain confessions. Eventually, 143 Bakossi men were put on trial and 17 were sentenced to death, while 75 received sentences of life imprisonment.
Lying immediately to the south of Mount Kupe, Tombel receives little direct sunshine, particularly in the rainy season, due to constant cloud cover. The town has suffered from persistent shortage of water supply, despite attempts by the women of the town to improve the situation.
# Knockainey

Knockainey or Knockainy (Irish: Cnoc Áine, meaning 'hill of Áine') is a civil parish and village in County Limerick, Ireland. It is in the historical barony of Smallcounty, between the towns of Hospital and Bruff.
There are a large number of archaeological sites in the area, including several on Knockainy Hill in the townland of Knockainy West. These remains, which include cursus, cairn, ring fort, standing stone and ring barrow sites, form part of a complex traditionally associated with the sun goddess Áine. A nearby clapper bridge, known as Clochán Áine, is also associated with Áine. Knockainy Castle is a 15th or 16th century tower house, associated by several sources with the O'Grady family, who were stewards to the Earls of Desmond.
The former Church of Ireland church in Knockainy, dedicated to Saint John, was built in the 19th century on the site of a much earlier ecclesiastical enclosure. The building's bell tower dates to the 17th century, and there is an O'Grady family plaque dating to the early 16th century. This church was deconsecrated in 1999 and is now used to host events. The local Catholic church, a more modern building, is located to the south. It forms part of the parish of Knockaney and Patrickswell in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly.
The local national (primary) school, Knockainey National School or Scoil Náisiúnta Cnoc Áine, had an enrollment of 181 pupils as of January 2024. The local Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club, Knockainey GAA, won the Limerick Intermediate Hurling Championship in 2001.
# Troy Pannell

Troy Pannell is a former Australian rules football field umpire who officiated in the Australian Football League (AFL). In a career which began in 2005 and ended in 2018, he umpired 219 games in the AFL. In 2004, before officiating at the top level, he was awarded the Golden Whistle by the New South Wales Australian Football Umpires Association.
In 2012, Pannell was appointed to his first final, the Elimination Final between Geelong and Fremantle at the MCG. He umpired his 150th game during the 2014 AFL finals series, a Preliminary Final between Sydney and North Melbourne.
In 2014, Pannell was knocked out while umpiring a game between Sydney and Essendon after clashing heads with Sydney player Nick Malceski. Fans were criticised for booing Pannell as he was taken off the ground for treatment.
He retired from the AFL panel at the end of the 2018 season.
# Taíno (disambiguation)

The term Taíno refers to an Indigenous people of the Caribbean.
Taino may also refer to:
* The Taíno language, their Arawakan language, now extinct
* Taino, Lombardy, a town in Italy
* Taínos (film), a 2006 Puerto Rican film
* Eric Taino (born 1975), American tennis player
* Radio Taíno, a Cuban radio station
* Joel Bosch, Puerto Rican rapper also known as Taino
# Brough railway station

Brough railway station serves the town of Brough in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is managed by TransPennine Express, and also served by Northern, Hull Trains and London North Eastern Railway.
The station was originally opened by the Hull and Selby Railway in 1840 and at one time had four tracks passing through. The course of the additional outer tracks (and the two disused platform faces) are still visible, although these were removed in the early 1970s.

## Facilities

There is a ticket office inside the main building which is staffed each day from start of service until 19:45 (18:30 on Sundays) and there is a self-service ticket machine (card only) outside the door available 24 hours a day. There is also a vending machine and a refreshment stall open each morning. There is a waiting room on each platform and step-free access to both is available (to platform 2 via ramps onto the footbridge). Automated public address announcements and digital display screens were upgraded by TransPennine Express in 2017. Free Wi-Fi is also being introduced to the station.
There is a pay and display car park located north and south of the station, whilst Brough centre and bus services are a short walk from the station.

## Services

All services on the various routes out of Hull call at the station, giving it good links with many towns and cities in the rest of Yorkshire. There are also a number of through trains each day to and from London King's Cross, courtesy of Hull Trains (seven departures each day) and London North Eastern Railway. (one morning service outbound, returning in the evening).
Sunday sees an hourly service to Sheffield and every two hours to York & Manchester (with some extra trains in the afternoon). There are now also a few through trains to Scarborough all year since the December 2009 timetable change.
Northern has promised to introduce an additional hourly service between Leeds and Bridlington. Service frequency improvements will also be implemented on the York & Sheffield routes both on weekdays and on Sundays as part of the new franchise agreement. The additional Northern service (from Hull to Halifax via Leeds and Bradford Interchange) began at the 2019 winter timetable change.
As of December 2019, the typical off-peak service pattern is as follows:
TransPennine Express
* 1tph - Manchester Piccadilly via Leeds
* 1tph - Hull
Northern
* 4tph - Hull (2tph continues beyond Hull to Bridlington or Scarborough via the Yorkshire Coast Line)
* 2tph - Doncaster via Goole (or Selby; one fast, one stopping). Express service continues to Sheffield.
* 1tph - York
* 1tph - Halifax via Leeds
Hull Trains
* 1tp2h - London Kings Cross via Selby and Doncaster
* 1tp2h - Hull with 1tpd continuing to Beverley (via the Yorkshire Coast Line)
London North Eastern Railway
* 1tpd - London Kings Cross via Doncaster
* 1tpd - Hull

## Gallery

* Looking East, 2009
* The station in 1961
* The station during the evening, 2022
# Vijay Chougule

Vijay Chougule (Marathi: विजय चौगुले) is Shiv Sena Politician from Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. He was the Leader of Opposition of Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation. Also was Cidco Speaker in 2008.
He is currently nominated himself as independent candidate for Maharashtra Assembly Elections 2024 from Airoli Vidhan Sabha Constituency 150.

## Positions held

* 2008-2014: Navi Mumbai Zilla Pramukh Shiv Sena
* 2015: Elected as corporator in Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation
* 2015: Elected as Leader of Opposition of Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation
# Yates Crossing, West Virginia

Yates Crossing is an unincorporated community in Cabell County, West Virginia, United States.
# Melchior Sebisch the Elder

Melchior Sebisch the Elder (also spelt Sebitz and Latinized as Sebizius) (1539 – 19 June 1625) was a Silesian physician and naturalist. He worked as a professor of medicine at the University of Strasbourg. His only major written work was an edition of the herbals of Tragus published in 1577 with his commentaries. His son Melchior Sebisch II (1578-1674) studied across Europe and also became a professor of medicine at Strasbourg.
Sebisch was born in Falkenberg to Girzik Zawissa, alias Georg von Sabisch, co-lord of Radischowitz who joined the Protestant Reformation, and Catharina Oczeck (Ocitz) von Ebersdorf. He studied philosophy at Leipzig, law at Strasbourg, and medicine in Germany, France and Italy, receiving a medical degree at Valencia in 1571. He became a city physician in Hagenau and moved to Strasbourg in 1574 where he became a professor and later honorary rector. He corresponded with Johann and Kaspar Bauhin. His son Melchior Sebisch II (July 19, 1578-1674) studied in numerous universities across Europe before receiving his doctorate in 1610 at Basel. He then worked as an assistant to his father at the University of Strasbourg before becoming a professor of medicine in 1612. He taught the teachings of Hippocrates. Sebisch II promoted the ideas of Galen and wrote another edition of Hieronymus Bock or Tragus' herbals in 1630 and translated the French work of Étienne and Jean Libault.
# Richard McSpadden

Richard Gibson McSpadden (1960 – October 1, 2023) was an American educator and pilot. He became the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Air Safety Institute (ASI) senior vice-president in 2020, having previously been its executive director from 2017.

## Early life

Richard Gibson McSpadden was born in Panama City, Florida, to Ann and Richard McSpadden, one of their four children.
McSpadden began flying in his teenage years, inspired by his pilot father, and was based out of Air Harbor Airport in Greensboro, North Carolina. The pursuit turned into a career of over 5,000 flying hours. He taught his son to fly and instructed his daughter to fly solo in the family's Piper Super Cub.
He graduated with a degree in economics from the University of Georgia and from Troy University with a master's degree in Public Administration. He also graduated from the U.S. Air Force Air War College.

## Career

McSpadden served in the United States Air Force for twenty years, achieving the role of commander and flight leader of its Thunderbirds demonstration team.
He became a commercial pilot and certified flight instructor, with multi-engine land, single-engine seaplane and multi-engine seaplane ratings while also working in information technology.
In 2017, he became executive director of the AOPA's ASI. He was promoted to senior vice-president three years later. He also served as the chairman of the General Aviation Joint Steering Committee. He produced aviation safety material for ASI's YouTube channel and website.

## Personal life

McSpadden was married for 31 years to Judy, with whom he had two children.

## Death

On October 1, 2023, McSpadden was killed in an aircraft accident in Lake Placid, New York. He was 63. He and former American football player Russ Francis were flying a Cessna 177 out of Lake Placid Airport when the aircraft's engine failed. They attempted to return to the airport but crashed into a ravine near it. Both McSpadden and Francis were killed. In November 2023, AOPA renamed its annual Air Safety Institute Accident Report from Joseph T. Nall Report to Richard G. McSpadden Report to honor his dedication in improving aviation safety.