OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Neil M. Bressler

Neil M. Bressler is an American ophthalmologist. He is the James P. Gills Professor of Ophthalmology and chief of the Retina Division at the Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and editor-in-chief of JAMA Ophthalmology.

## Early life and education

Bressler was born in New Jersey to father Sidney Bressler. Growing up, he played the clarinet and won the Senate Award while attending the Interlochen National Music Camp. After attending Tenafly High School, Bressler enrolled at the University of Michigan for his Bachelor of Science degree. Upon receiving his degree, Bressler married his wife Susan (née Bloom) in a Jewish ceremony on July 8, 1979. Together, they earned their medical degrees at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in 1982 and completed their internships and three-year residency in ophthalmology together.

## Career

Following his internship and residency, Bressler joined the faculty at Harvard Medical School as an instructor of ophthalmology and the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. He then joined the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Hospital's Wilmer Eye Institute in 1988. As an associate professor of ophthalmology in 1995, Bressler received an Olga Keith Wiess Scholar Award from the Research to Prevent Blindness organization to support research into age-related macular degeneration. A few years later, Bressler was the recipient of the Macula Society's Young Investigator Award as an "individual under 50 years of age whose work gives high promise of a notable advance in the clinical treatment of disorders of the eye." In 1999, Bressler was the recipient of the Heed-Gutman Award for displaying evidence of major contributions to ophthalmology, outstanding original discoveries or investigation, and long-term evidence of extraordinary and distinguished leadership service on behalf of ophthalmology. As a result of his academic accomplishments, Bressler was the inaugural recipient of the James P. Gills Professor of Ophthalmology at Johns Hopkins in 2000.
Alongside his wife, Bressler was the co-recipient of the 2008 Gertrude D. Pyron Award from the American Society of Retina Specialists for "outstanding vision scientists whose work contributes to knowledge about vitreoretinal disease." In 2013, Bressler was appointed editor-in-chief of JAMA Ophthalmology after having served on the journal's editorial board.
In 2017, Bressler co-published a study that demonstrated the ability of a form of AI known as deep learning to accurately detect age-related macular degeneration. Following the study, Bressler and his team evaluated algorithms and comparing methods before ultimately determining that low-shot deep learning does have the potential to overcome limitations imposed by a low number of training images in retinal diagnostics. He was also again named to the Ophthalmologist's Power List for 2020.
# Shaun Breslin

Shaun Breslin FAcSS is Professor of Politics and International Studies at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom. He is considered a leading British academic expert on Chinese politics and economy, globalization, regionalism, governance and international political economy.
He is the author of China Risen: Studying Chinese Global Power (Bristol: Bristol University Press, 2021), China and the Global Political Economy (Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2007), Mao (Harlow: Longman, 2000, first edition 1998), and China in the 1980s: Centre-Province Relations in a Reforming Socialist State (Basingstoke: Macmillan and New York: St Martins, 1996). Breslin is also the co-author of four other academic books and numerous publications in his field.
Breslin is co-editor of The Pacific Review, senior research fellow at the Wong MNC Center, and associate research fellow of ISPI in Milan. He is also a fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences.
# The Opposition (film)

The Opposition is a 2016 investigative documentary. directed by Hollie Fifer. The film follows Joe Moses as he struggles to save his community from policemen wielding machetes and guns descending on the Paga Hill Settlement in Papua New Guinea to bulldoze their houses to the ground.
The Opposition was produced by Madeleine Hetherton-Miau and Rebecca Barry from the production company Media Stockade.
The Opposition won the 2018 OzFlix Independent Film Awards and was nominated for ‘Best Documentary Feature Film’ at the 2017 Asia Pacific Screen Awards. The film was also awarded the Grand Prize of the Jury at the 2017 International Pacific Documentary Film Festival FIFO. In 2017, The Opposition was one of the finalists for ‘Feature Documentary of the Year’ at the Screen Producers Australia Awards.

## Festivals and awards

| Festival/Award | Outcome | Year |
| IDFA | Official Selection | 2016 |
| HotDocs | Official Selection | 2016 |
| CPH:DOX | Official Selection | 2017 |
| DocEdge | Official Selection | 2017 |
| FIFO Tahiti | Official Selection | 2017 |
| International Human Rights Documentary Film Festival | Official Selection | 2017 |
| Sydney Film Festival | Official Selection | 2017 |
| Human Rights Human Wrongs Documentary Film Festival | Official Selection | 2017 |
| Human Rights, Arts and Film Festival | Official Selection | 2017 |
| Asia Pacific Screen Awards - Best Documentary Feature Film | Nominated | 2017 |
| Diritti Umani Lugano Film Festival | Official Selection | 2017 |
| Screen Producers Australia Awards - Feature Documentary of the Year | Finalist | 2017 |
| Ozflix Independent Film Awards | Winner | 2018 |
# Paolo Bressi

Paolo Bressi (born 25 July 1987) is an Italian powerlifter and a former paracanoeist who has competed since the late 2000s. He won a silver medal in the K-1 200 m TA event at the 2010 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Poznań.
# John Breuilly

John Breuilly (born October 31, 1946) is professor of nationalism and ethnicity at the London School of Economics. Breuilly is the author of the pioneering Nationalism and the State (1982).

## Career

Breuilly taught at the universities of Manchester (1972–95) and Birmingham (1995–2004). He has been a visiting professor at the universities of Hamburg (1987-8) and Bielefeld (1992-3). He is currently professor of nationalism and ethnicity at the London School of Economics.

## Research and writing

Breuilly's research interests are "Nationalism and Ethnicity, Modern German History, Comparative European History with special interests in Labour Movements and the Bourgeoisie, Urban Cultural History in 19th Century Europe, Modern Liberalism". At the University of Manchester, Breuilly still regarded himself primarily as a historian of Germany when he became interested in nationalisms. He realised that the only way the book he was looking for on the subject would exist, was if he wrote it. His pioneering Nationalism and the State was published in 1982. Breuilly was also the editor of the Oxford handbook of the history of nationalism (2013).

## Selected publications

* Nationalism and the State. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982. ISBN 0719006929
* The Formation of the First German Nation-State 1800-1871. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 1996. (Studies in European History) ISBN 0312160291
* Austria, Prussia and Germany, 1806–1871. London: Longman, 2002. (Seminar Studies in History) ISBN 9780582437395
* Germany's Two Unifications: Anticipations, Experiences, Responses. London: Palgrave, 2004 (edited with Ronald Speirs. ISBN 1403946531
* La formazione dello stato nazionale tedesco (1800–1871). Bologna: Il Mulino, 2004. ISBN 8815096779
* "Nationalism" in: Dowding, Keith, (ed.) Encyclopedia of Power. London: SAGE Publications, 2011. ISBN 9781412927482
* The Oxford Handbook of the History of Nationalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013 (editor) ISBN 9780199209194
* Nineteenth-Century Germany: Politics, Culture, and Society 1780–1918. (2020) Second edition.
# Ulu Vaomalo Kini

Ulu Vaomalo Kini is a Samoan politician and former Cabinet Minister. He is a member of the Human Rights Protection Party.
He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Samoa in a by-election in 2000. He was re-elected at the 2001 election and appointed Minister of Sports, Youth and Culture. In August 2003 he was made Samoa's first Minister of Police in a Cabinet reshuffle. He lost his seat at the 2006 election.
In December 2015 he was arrested and charged with one count of intentional damage after using an excavator to uproot crops and trees during a family land dispute. He was convicted in July 2016.
# Owen Paulsen

Owen Paulsen is a New Zealand jurist, who served as Chief Justice of Tonga from 2015 to 2019. Since August 2019 he has been an associate justice of the High Court of New Zealand.
Paulsen was educated at Shirley Boys' High School and the University of Canterbury, and later at the University of Auckland. He worked as a solicitor and later a partner for Harman & Co, and then as a member of the Employment Tribunal. He later worked for the law firm Cavell Leitch.
In January 2015 he was appointed Chief Justice of Tonga, replacing Michael Dishington Scott. As Chief Justice he quashed the sacking of Tonga Broadcasting Commission directors 'Eseta Fusitu'a and Tunakaimanu Fielakepa, and oversaw the corruption trial of government minister ʻEtuate Lavulavu. He also oversaw the TONGASAT case, which found that US$50 million paid to Tongasat by the government of China was invalid and unlawful.
In July 2019 he resigned as Chief Justice after being appointed as an associate justice of the High Court of New Zealand. He was replaced as Chief Justice by Michael Hargreaves Whitten.
# Kinza Clodumar

Kinza Godfrey Clodumar (8 February 1945 – 29 November 2021) was a Nauruan politician who served as President of Nauru from 1997 to 1998.

## Background

Clodumar was born in Boe. He was a member of the indigenous population of Nauru, and he was concerned with environmental issues. He was a Member of Parliament for many years.
Clodumar was the only Nauruan politician to have been elected to parliament in two different constituencies. He served his first two terms for the Aiwo Constituency when ousting Itubwa Amram in the 1971 elections; after being re-elected thrice Clodumar resigned his post in early 1979, but was re-elected in the 1983 elections. In 1992, he did not stand for the seat and moved to the neighbouring Boe Constituency, where he was re-elected in 1995 to serve a third term in parliament.
Clodumar served as Minister Assisting the President of Nauru in the cabinets of Bernard Dowiyogo and Kennan Adeang in 1976-1978 and from September 1986 to October 1986. He was the Speaker of the Parliament of Nauru from a short term in December 1986.
He was Minister of Finance several times: January 1977 to January 1978, September 1986 to October 1986, December 1986 to August 1989, December 1989 to September 1993 and in November 1996.
Clodumar gave and withdrew support from several other Nauruan politicians, including Bernard Dowiyogo, René Harris and Ludwig Scotty. For presidents, withdrawal of support by Clodumar often meant that a president would lose a no confidence vote.

## Presidency

Clodumar was President of Nauru from 12 February 1997 until 18 June 1998, when he was deposed in a no confidence vote. He held the office of Minister of Finance of Nauru during his term.

## Later life

He later served again as Minister of Finance several times: April 1999 to June 1999, May 2000 to August 2000, March 2004 to May 2004 and June 2004 to August 2004. In 2003, Clodumar himself tried to regain the presidency of Nauru twice but narrowly lost the parliamentary vote both times. He lost his seat in Parliament in the October 2004 election.
Clodumar was also noted for having founded and led the Centre Party.
He died on 29 November 2021, at the age of 76, and received a state funeral the following day.
# Robert Gottliebsen

Robert Norman Gottliebsen AM (born 4 February 1941) is a columnist for Business Spectator and an economics writer at The Australian. He was the original columnist "Chanticleer" for the Australian Financial Review and founder of Business Review Weekly magazine, heading the magazine for the next 19 years. He also co-founded the investor advice newsletter and website Eureka Report in 2005, and writes a weekly column for it.
Gottliebsen was educated at Essendon Grammar School and the University of Melbourne. He won a Walkley award in 1976, and was Graham Perkin Australian Journalist of the Year in 1976. He was made a Member of the Order of Australia in the 2018 Queen's Birthday Honours, for "significant service to the print media as a journalist, editor and business analyst, and to education through school governance roles."
Gottliebsen is a member of Essendon Presbyterian Church and has served as its treasurer.
# Insch railway station

Insch railway station is a railway station serving the village of Insch, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Aberdeen to Inverness Line, between Inverurie and Huntly, 27 miles 47 chains (44.4 km) from Aberdeen.

## History

The station was opened by the Great North of Scotland Railway on 20 September 1854, on the route from Aberdeen to Keith.
In 2019, the platforms were extended to a length of 160m as part of a series of improvements to the Aberdeen to Inverness line.

## Facilities

The station building accommodates the Insch Connection Museum, which records the history of the railway in Insch and the local region. The station has two platforms, a signal box and a level crossing at its northern end. Both platforms are equipped with waiting rooms and benches. A help point is located on platform 2, whilst there is a ticket machine on platform 1, the latter of which is adjacent to the car park and some bike racks. Only platform 1 has step-free access - a footbridge connects the two platforms, and is the only way to get to platform 2.

## Passenger volume

Passenger Volume at Insch :
| | 2002–03 | 2004–05 | 2005–06 | 2006–07 | 2007–08 | 2008–09 | 2009–10 | 2010–11 | 2011–12 | 2012–13 | 2013–14 | 2014–15 | 2015–16 | 2016–17 | 2017–18 | 2018–19 | 2019–20 | 2020–21 | 2021–22 | 2022–23 |
| Entries and exits | 53,325 | 62,261 | 66,432 | 65,823 | 72,644 | 79,466 | 82,706 | 86,854 | 93,712 | 107,122 | 113,922 | 122,404 | 118,378 | 98,140 | 88,362 | 69,952 | 57,690 | 11,038 | 42,090 | 52,348 |
The statistics cover twelve month periods that start in April.

## Services

There is a basic two-hourly frequency in each directions (with peak extras), to Inverness via Elgin northbound and Aberdeen southbound (12 trains southbound, 11 northbound). The first departure to Aberdeen each weekday and Saturday continues south to Edinburgh Waverley, and another continues to Stonehaven in the evening. On Sundays there are five trains each way.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Inverurie | | ScotRail Aberdeen to Inverness Line | | Huntly |
| | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | |
| Buchanstone Line open; Station closed | | Great North of Scotland Railway GNoSR Main Line | | Wardhouse Line open; Station closed |
# Western Samoan patrol vessel Nafanua

Nafanua (04) is a Pacific Forum patrol vessel operated by Western Samoa's police. Like her 21 sister ships she was built in Australia. After the United Nations Convention on the Laws of the Seas extended maritime nations' exclusive economic zones (EEZs) to 200 kilometres (110 nmi) Australia agreed to give its smaller neighbours in the Pacific Forum patrol vessels of their own, so they could police their extended EEZs. Nafanua is the ship Australia gave to Samoa.

## Design

Nafanua, and her sister ships, were designed to use commercial off-the-shelf components, not cutting edge, military-grade equipment, so that they would be easier to maintain in small, isolated shipyards.

## Operational history

In 2008 Ombudsman Maiava Iulai Toma chaired a commission of inquiry into the smuggling of weapons from American Samoa aboard the Nafanua. The inquiry found police commissioner Papalii Lorenese Neru and the Nafanua's captain in breach of duty and recommended a criminal investigation, but the latter recommendation was ignored by the government.
In September 2014 Nafanua rescued four fishermen from American Samoa, whose vessel had broken down, who were found adrift 185 miles south of Apia.
In October 2014 the government agreed for Nafanua to patrol neighbouring Cook Islands's waters, because their patrol vessel, Te Kukupa, was undergoing a major refit in Australia.
Royal Australian Navy sailors visited Nafanua in June 2018 to provide technical assistance.
Nafanua began its final journey to Australia, to be recycled, on 13 June 2019. Her crew will be trained to use her Guardian-class replacement, Nafanua II.

## Replacement

Australia started building a class of replacements for the original Pacific Forum patrol vessels, in 2017. Nafanua's replacement will be named Nafanua II.
# Shchukinskaya railway station

Shchukinskaya is a railway station of Line D2 of the Moscow Central Diameters in Moscow. It was opened on 25 June 2021. It took the transport functions of Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo railway station, which was simultaneously closed.

## Gallery

* Construction progress as of March 2020
* Construction progress as of March 2020
# Curtiss-Wright CW-12

The Curtiss-Wright CW-12 Sport Trainer and CW-16 Light Sport (also marketed under the Travel Air brand that Curtiss-Wright had recently acquired) are high-performance training aircraft designed by Herbert Rawdon and Ted Wells and built in the United States in the early 1930s.

## Development

The CW-12 and CW-16 shared the same basic design as conventional single-bay biplanes with staggered wings braced with N-struts. The pilot and instructor sat in tandem, open cockpits, the forward cockpit of the CW-12 having a single seat, while the CW-16's forward cockpit could seat two passengers side-by-side. Both versions of the aircraft were available in a variety of engine choices, and some CW-16s were exported as trainers to the air forces of Bolivia and Ecuador.

## Variants
### CW-12

* CW-12K - version powered by 125 hp (93 kW) Kinner K-5 engine. Two built.
* CW-12Q - version powered by 90 hp (67 kW) Wright-built de Havilland Gipsy. 26 built.
* CW-12W - version powered by 110 hp (82 kW) Warner Scarab. 12 built + 1 replica

### CW-16

* CW-16E - version powered by Wright J-6 Whirlwind 5 engine. (10 built).
* CW-16K - version powered by Kinner B-5 engine (11 built).
* CW-16W - version powered by Warner Scarab engine (1 built).

## Operators

Civil owners in USA and United Kingdom

### Argentina

* Argentine Navy purchased 15 CW-16Es in 1935, with 13 more possibly being built from 1938. The type remained in use until 1949.

### Bolivia

* Bolivian Air Force purchased three CW-16s in 1934, with the type in use until 1943.

### Brazil

* Brazilian Air Force received 15 CW-16Ws, with 125 hp (93 kW) Warner Scarab engines in 1935, the type remaining in service until 1940.

### Colombia

* Colombian Air Force received six CW-16s in 1933.

### Ecuador

* Ecuadorian Air Force purchased six CW-16Es in 1935, with three more CW-16s following in 1936. Three remained in use until 1944.

## Specifications (CW-12Q)

Data from Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 21 ft 5 in (6.53 m)
* Wingspan: 28 ft 10 in (8.79 m)
* Height: 8 ft 10 in (2.69 m)
* Wing area: 206 sq ft (19.1 m$^2$)
* Airfoil: Clark Y (15%)
* Empty weight: 1,071 lb (486 kg)
* Gross weight: 1,725 lb (782 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Curtiss-Wright licence-built de Havilland Gipsy 4-cylinder air-cooled in-line piston engine, 90 hp (67 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller
Performance
* Maximum speed: 105 mph (169 km/h, 91 kn)
* Cruise speed: 88 mph (142 km/h, 76 kn)
* Range: 390 mi (630 km, 340 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 12,000 ft (3,700 m)
* Rate of climb: 600 ft/min (3.0 m/s)
# Stuart Crosby

Stuart Alan Crosby ONZM (born 1956) is a New Zealand politician who served as mayor of the city of Tauranga, New Zealand from 2004 to 2016.

## Early life

Crosby's family moved from Gisborne to Papamoa in 1966, where they started the Papamoa Beach Resort Holiday Park. After finishing high school, Crosby took up an apprenticeship with the Tauranga Electric Power Board, which later became Trustpower. He travelled and worked overseas from 1978 to 1981; after returning to Tauranga he owned Papamoa Electrical Services and Accolade Homes.

## Political career

Crosby stood for and was elected to the Papamoa Community Council, which was part of the Tauranga Borough Council, in 1986. Crosby was 30 at the time, which was considered young for a councillor. The 1989 local government reforms saw a merger of local authorities, resulting in the establishment of the Tauranga District Council (renamed Tauranga City Council in 2003). Crosby was elected to Tauranga District Council in 1989 and was re-elected every three years thereafter.
Crosby was deputy mayor to Noel Pope from 1998 to 2001. After Pope's retirement, Crosby sought the mayoralty but was defeated at the 2001 local elections by Jan Beange. In 2004, Crosby defeated Beange and began what would become a twelve-year period as mayor.
Crosby did not recontest the mayoralty in 2016. Instead, he successfully sought election to the Bay of Plenty Regional Council, representing the Tauranga constituency. In 2019, he was elected unopposed.
In August 2020, Crosby was elected as the president of Local Government New Zealand, the national association of councils in New Zealand, succeeding former Dunedin mayor Dave Cull. Crosby had previously served as Cull's vice-president.
# Muri Lagoon

The Muri Lagoon is a lagoon in the district of Ngatangiia on the eastern coast of Rarotonga in the Cook Islands. The lagoon is a significant tourist attraction and the largest tourism revenue earner in the Cook Islands, accounting for 25% of tourism bed usage on Rarotonga. In 2015 the Cook Islands government declared the environmental condition of the lagoon a national disaster.

## Geography

The lagoon is approximately 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) wide has a maximum depth of 1.25 metres (4.1 ft).$^{:5}$ It is bounded on the north by Ngatangiia harbour, and the south by the motu of Taakoka. It contains three small islets or motu. From north to south, the islets are:
* Motutapu, 10.5 hectares (0.041 sq mi)
* Oneroa, 8.1 hectares (0.031 sq mi)
* Koromiri, 2.9 hectares (0.011 sq mi)
The islet of Taakoka (1.3 hectares (0.0050 sq mi)) forms the southern boundary of lagoon.
The Avana and Turangi streams both flow into the lagoon.$^{:19}$ Water circulation is driven by waves breaking across the reef, with outflow through the Ngatangiia Harbour.

## Pollution

The lagoon is heavily polluted, with nitrogen from agricultural runoff and leaking septic tanks leading to the growth of noxious seaweed and decreased water visibility. In 2015 the Cook Islands government declared the environmental condition of the lagoon a national disaster. In 2016 the Cook Islands Chamber of Commerce began a program to scrape algae from the bottom of the lagoon. In 2019 the government proposed a centrally-operated wastewater system to reduce the supply of nutrients.
In December 2020 the lagoon suffered an anoxic event, and local residents were warned to avoid swimming or harvesting seafood from the area.
# Southeastern Conference Player of the Year

Southeastern Conference Player of the Year refers to the most outstanding player for the Southeastern Conference (SEC) in a given sport for a given season.
For lists of individual sport SEC Players of the Year by year:
* Southeastern Conference Baseball Player of the Year
* Southeastern Conference Softball Player of the Year
* Southeastern Conference Men's Basketball Player of the Year
* Southeastern Conference Women's Basketball Player of the Year
Additionally, SEC players of the year in football can be found at: