OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Maniwa District, Okayama

Maniwa (真庭郡, Maniwa-gun) is a district located in Okayama Prefecture, Japan.
In 2003 the district had an estimated population of 48,246 and a density of 58.53 persons per km$^2$. The total area is 824.35 km$^2$.
In 2005, the component towns and villages of Chūka, Katsuyama, Kawakami, Kuse, Mikamo, Ochiai, Yatsuka, Yubara, as well as the neighboring town of Hokubō (from Jōbō District) united to form the city of Maniwa. Currently only one village, Shinjō, belongs to Maniwa District.

## Current towns and villages (after the formation of Maniwa City)

* Shinjō

## Former towns and villages

* Chūka
* Katsuyama
* Kawakami
* Kuse
* Mikamo
* Ochiai
* Shinjō
* Yatsuka
* Yubara
# Syed Firoz Ashraf

Syed Feroze Ashraf (23 July 1943 – 8 June 2019) was an Indian teacher, trade unionist, journalist, writer, and activist known for his significant contributions to journalism, social work, and education.

## Early life and education

Born in Hazaribagh, Bihar (now in Jharkhand), Ashraf dedicated his life to fostering education among underprivileged children and bridging communal divides.
Ashraf was forced to migrate to the Muslim-majority Jogeshwari, Mumbai from Malad, Mumbai after the Bombay riots due to growing Islamophobia in Hindu-majority areas.
Ashraf completed his BSc from Ranchi University and pursued a Diploma in Journalism from the Bharatiya Vidya Bhawan in Mumbai. He embarked on his journalistic career in 1966, making regular contributions to various dailies, periodicals, and magazines.

## Accolades and recognition

Ashraf earned literary accolades including the Maharashtra State Urdu Sahitya Academy Award for outstanding contribution to journalism. Apart from his journalistic endeavors, Ashraf wrote scripts for television serials, showcasing his versatility in the realm of media.
"Uncle: A School in himself", a documentary short film, was created by Observer Research Foundation on Ashraf.

## Career

One of Ashraf's most enduring legacies was his commitment to education and social work. In 1997, he initiated free tuition classes for children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. His classes, known as "Uncle's Classes," became an institution in Jogeshwari, Mumbai. Ashraf's mission extended beyond academics. He and his wife, Arifa, not only provided educational support but also addressed the holistic needs of their students. They offered meals, moral support, outings, and even medical assistance. His efforts were particularly focused on empowering young girls, encouraging them to pursue education beyond societal expectations.
Ashraf's mission expanded to encompass multiple areas in Jogeshwari, including Jogeshwari West, Jogeshwari East, and Juhugali (Andheri). Despite financial challenges, he received support from philanthropists, including Razzak Allana, chairman of Allana Foundation, and the Vikas Adhyayan Kendra. His dedication bore fruit, with the first batch of students passing the SSC exams in 1998. Many of his students, irrespective of their religious background, continued to pursue higher education and contribute positively to society.
# Leucochromodes saltigalis

Leucochromodes saltigalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1895. It is found in Panama.
# Mamalilikala

The Mamalilikala (Mamalelequala, Mamalilikulla, Mamalillaculla, Mamaleleqala) are an indigenous nation, a part of the Kwakwaka'wakw, in central British Columbia, on northern Vancouver Island. Their main village was Memkumlis ('Mimkwamlis), located on Village Island. Their Indian Act band government is the Mamalilikulla-Qwe'Qwa'Sot'Em First Nation.
# Li Zhilong

Li Zhilong (born March 9, 1988, Beijing) is a Chinese 2012 Olympics athlete who competes in the 400 metre hurdles.
# Ramsbottom Cricket Club

Ramsbottom Cricket Club :
| League | Lancashire League |
| Ground | Acre Bottom, Ramsbottom, Greater Manchester |
| Professional | Daryn Smit (South Africa) |
| 2013 League Position | 4th |
Ramsbottom Cricket Club is a cricket club in the Lancashire League, which plays its home games at Acre Bottom in Ramsbottom. The club has won the league on four occasions and won the cup 6 times, including two victories in consecutive years in 2001 and 2002. It has employed professionals including Wasim Raja, Keith Arthurton and Brad Hodge.

## Honours

* 1st XI League Winners - 6 - 1921, 1925, 1974, 1992, 2010, 2016
* Worsley Cup Winners - 8 - 1939, 1957, 1996, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2009, 2011
* 20/20 Cup - 3 - 2010, 2011, 2012
* Ron Singleton Colne Trophy Winners - 5 - 1997, 2006, 2010, 2011, 2012 (shared)
* 2nd XI League Winners - 11 - 1910, 1935, 1964, 1966, 1970, 1972, 1973, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2013
* 2nd XI (Lancashire Telegraph) Cup Winners - 12 - 1972, 1975, 1987, 1993, 1995, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2011, 2015
* 3rd XI League Winners - 4 - 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000
# McCuetown, West Virginia

McCuetown is an unincorporated community in Upshur County, West Virginia, United States.
# Mathias

Mathias, a given name and a surname which is a variant of Matthew (name), may refer to:

## Places

* Mathias, West Virginia
* Mathias Township, Michigan

## People with the given name or surname Mathias
### In music

* Mathias Eick, Norwegian Jazz Musician
* Mathias Färm, the guitarist of Millencolin
* Mathias Lillmåns, Finnish lead singer of folk/black metal band Finntroll
* William Mathias, Welsh composer
* Mathias Nygård a.k.a. Warlord, Finnish folk metal singer

### In sports

* Mathias Bourgue, French tennis player
* Mathias Fischer (basketball), German basketball coach
* Mathias Fullerton (born 2003), Danish archer
* Mathias Hove Johansen (born 1998), Norwegian sprinter
* Mathias Jørgensen, nicknamed Zanka, Danish football player
* Mathias Kiwanuka, American football player
* Mathias Olsson (born 1973), Swedish former professional ice hockey defenceman
* Mathias Pogba (born 1990), Guinean professional footballer
* Mathias Svensson, Swedish professional footballer
* Bob Mathias, American decathlete, two-time Olympic gold medalist, and United States Congressman
* David Mathias, Indian cricketer
* Diego Mathias (born 1999), Brazilian footballer
* Mark Mathias (born 1994), American baseball player
* Merritt Mathias, American soccer player
* Wallis Mathias, first non-Muslim cricketer to play for Pakistan

### In other fields

* Mathias Énard born (1972), French novelist
* Mathias Gnädinger (1941–2015), Swiss actor
* Mathias Lauridsen (born 1984), Danish male model
* Mathias Lerch (1860–1922), Czech mathematician
* Mathias Loras (1792–1858), French Catholic Bishop of Dubuque and college president
* Mathias Rust (born 1968), German amateur aviator
* Mathias Tegnér (born 1979), Swedish politician
* Charles Mathias (1922–2010), United States senator
* Clarence Edward Mathias (1876–1935), American Medal of Honor recipient
* Gary Mathias (born 1952), American missing person since 1978
* James Goronwy Mathias (1842–1895, Welsh minister and writer
* Ronald Mathias (1912–1968), Welsh Trade Union Leader
* Tania Mathias (born 1964), British Conservative Party politician
* Thomas James Mathias (c. 1754–1835), British satirist
* A. Mathias Mundadan (1923–2012), Indian historian
# Anem

Anem may refer to:
* Anem (ancient city), a city mentioned in the Bible
* Anêm language, a language of Papua New Guinea
# List of Picrodendraceae genera

As the family Picrodendraceae is erected from the bases of subfamily Oldfieldioideae, its taxonomy remains the same:

## Tribe Caletieae

There are 4 subtribes and 13 genera:
    Subtribe Dissiliariinae
       Austrobuxus (also Buraeavia, Bureaua, Canaca, Choriophyllum)
       Choriceras
       Dissiliaria
       Longetia
       Sankowskya
       Whyanbeelia
    Subtribe Hyaenanchinae
       Hyaenanche (also Toxicodendrum)
    Subtribe Petalostigmatinae
       Petalostigma (also Xylococcus)
    Subtribe Pseudanthinae
       Kairothamnus
       Micrantheum (also Allenia, Caletia)
       Neoroepera
       Pseudanthus (also Chorizotheca, Chrysostemon, Stachystemon)
       Scagea

## Tribe Picrodendreae

There are 3 subtribes and 8 genera:
    Subtrible Mischodontinae
       Androstachys
       Aristogeitonia (also Paragelonium)
       Mischodon
       Stachyandra
       Voatamalo
    Subtribe Paiveusinae
       Oldfieldia (also Cecchia, Paivaeusa)
    Subtribe Picrodendrinae
       Parodiodendron
       Picrodendron
       Piranhea (also Celaenodendron)

## Tribe Podocalyceae

This tribe has 3 subtribes and 3 genera:
    Subtribe Paradrypetinae
       Paradrypetes - moved to Rhizophoraceae
    Subtribe Tetracoccinae
       Tetracoccus (also Halliophytum)
    Subtribe Podocalycinae
       Podocalyx

## Incertae sedis

       Tacarcuna
# Syed Fazle Imam Rizvi

Professor Syed Fazle Imam Rizvi commonly known as Fazle Imam (1 August 1940 – 31 August 2020) was an Indian Urdu scholar, poet, writer and teacher at University. He is known for his literature expertise in various languages Urdu, Hindi, Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani. He has written books, ghazals, and nazms, articles in Urdu, Hindi, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani.

## Family background, early life, and education

Fazle Imam Rizvi was born on 1 August 1940 in a village in Azamgarh district, which is now in Uttar Pradesh. He belonged to a family of landlords. His father, Late Mr. Syed Mushtaq Husain, was a freedom fighter, and his mother, Khursheedun Nisa, took care of him. He was the only son in the family. After completing his secondary education at Shahganj Public School in Shahganj of the Jaunpur district, he moved out for higher education. His father wanted him to get into engineering and join a government job but Fazle Imam had a greater interest in the field of Literature and wanted to shape his career in the same field. He did his Ph.D. (Doctorate) from Gorakhpur University and is also a First-Person who did (D, Litt) from the same university. After completing his research under the supervision of Professor Mehmood Elahi Mehmmod, Elahi became head of the department and later became the vice-chancellor of the university. Fazle Imam later became a lecturer and an assistant professor at various degree colleges and universities.

## Career and contributions in literature

His contributions in the field of Literature and Arts are incredible. He has written more than 75 books in various languages like Urdu, Hindi, Bhojpuri and Rajasthani. In 1972, he joined the Department of Urdu and became Head of both Urdu and Persian at the University of Rajasthan, Jaipur till 1986. Later, he joined the University of Allahabad and became the Urdu Department, Chief proctor, warden, librarian and was also appointed as the chairman of Uttar Pradesh Secondary Education Service Commission. He retired from the same university in 2006.

## Major works

* Has written and edited More than 75 Books
* Editor of many magazines
* More than 40 research scholars did their Ph.D. under his supervision
* More than 55 years of teaching experience
* Around 800 articles, papers on criticism and research management
* Review articles on social and current issues
* Thesis on Amirullah Tasleem "Hayat aur Shairi"
* Bhojpuri Adab Ka Taaruf
* Masanvi Khaanjre-Ishque- tasleem
* Anees Shinasi
* Jadeed Hindi Shairi -SAMT-O- RAFTAR
* The first book on poet Josh Malihabadi Shaire- akhruzzaman
* Tanqeedicriticism meyar
* Jadeed Urdu Tanqeed aur Ehtishyam Husain
* Intekhabe Kalame Josh Haryana Urdu Akademi

## Awards and honors

* Anees Award Urdu Academy, Uttar Pradesh
* Nawae Meer by All India Meer Academy
* Bhojpuri Bhaskar by Akhil Bhartiya Bhojpuri Parishad
* Sahitya Vibhushan by Bhasha Sangam Bhopal
* Bihar Urdu Academy
* West Bengal Urdu Academy
* Awarded Vidhya Vachaspati Hindi Sahitya Sammelan Allahabad
# 593 BC

The year 593 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 161 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 593 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events

* Sappho returns from exile in Sicily (or 594 BC).
* Napata is sacked by the Egyptians and the Kushite capital relocates to Meroë.
# Adam Jelonek

Adam Wacław Jelonek (born 14 September 1968) is a Polish diplomat, sociologist and political scientist. He is the former Polish ambassador to Malaysia, Brunei and the Philippines. He is a professor and head of department in the Department of Middle and Far East at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków.

## Early life and education

Jelonek was born in Kraków. He is a graduate of the Faculty of Journalism and Political Science at the University of Warsaw. In 1986, he became an underground activist for the Federation of Fighting Youth. He received a Ph.D. in humanities from the Institute of Sociology at the University of Warsaw in 1997, and habilitation at the Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology in 2005.

## Academic career

Between 1993 and 2006, Jelonek was an assistant and associate professor at the Institute of Sociology in the University of Warsaw. Between 1999 and 2005, he was an associate professor at the Institute of Political Studies at the Polish Academy of Sciences. He has been head of department in the Department of Middle and Far East at the Faculty of International and Political Studies at the Jagiellonian University since 2007 – and under his leadership, the department became an institute. Between 2007 and 2009, he was Chairman of the Scientific Council of the Institute of Regional Studies at the Jagiellonian University. He is the director of the Institute of the Middle and Far East of the Jagiellonian University.

## Ambassadorial career

In 2010 Jelonek became Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Poland to Malaysia, accredited to Brunei and the Philippines. He ended his term in 2014.

## Books and papers

Jelonek has written a number of books and papers, including:
* Kibbutz. Is this a crisis of the collectivist socialism? (Warsaw 1994)
* Revolution of the Khmer Rouges 1975–1979 (Warsaw 1998)
* Theories of social development (Warsaw 2001)
* Towards illiberal democracy (Warsaw 2002)
* Dilemmas of consociationalism. The case of Malaysia (Warsaw 2004)
* Vietnamese-The Values Systems- Stereotypes of the West (Warsaw 2004)
* Individual and society on Asia (ed.) (Toruń 2007)
* Confucianism. China Towards the New Century (ed. with. B. Zemanek) (Kraków 2008)
* History of Cambodia (Warsaw 2008)
* History of Malaysia (with E. Trojnar, Warsaw 2009)
* State and Ethnic Minorities in Southeast Asia (Kraków 2009)
# List of years in Fiji

This page lists the individual Fiji year pages. Each year is annotated with a significant event as a reference point. It only references years after 1970, when the country gained independence from the United Kingdom.

## Twenty-first century
### 2020s

    2020
    2021
    2022
    2023
    2024

### 2010s

    2010
    2011
    2012
    2013
    2014
    2015
    2016
    2017
    2018
    2019

### 2000s

    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003
    2004
    2005
    2006
    2007
    2008
    2009

## Twentieth century
### 1990s

    1990
    1991
    1992
    1993
    1994
    1995
    1996
    1997
    1998
    1999

### 1980s

    1980
    1981
    1982
    1983
    1984
    1985
    1986
    1987
    1988
    1989

### 1970s

    1970
    1971
    1972
    1973
    1974
    1975
    1976
    1977
    1978
    1979
# The Impatient Romantic

The Impatient Romantic is an album by Hunter Valentine released in 2007, with "Typical", "Staten Island Dream Tour" and "Break This" released as singles.
# Mathiang, South Sudan

Mathiang is a boma in Baidit payam, Bor West County, Jonglei State, South Sudan, about 30 kilometers north of Bor. The village is located at the southern extent of the sudd, South Sudan's central wetlands, on the east side of the Bahr al Jabal River.

## Demographics

According to the Fifth Population and Housing Census of Sudan, conducted in April 2008, Mathiang boma had a population of 8,949 people, composed of 4,469 male and 4,480 female residents.
# Androsace americana

Androsace americana, synonym Douglasia arctica, known as the Mackenzie River dwarf primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the primrose family, Primulaceae. It is native to subarctic North America (Alaska, the Northwest Territories and Yukon).

## Taxonomy

The species was first described by William Jackson Hooker in 1838 as Douglasia arctica. Molecular phylogenetic studies showed that the genus Douglasia is nested within Androsace. The name "Androsace artica" was published in 1826 for a different species (now regarded as a synonym of Androsace ochotensis), so the replacement name Androsace americana, published by Per Wendelbo in 1961, is used instead.

## Description

Androsace americana are relatively small, usually found as mats growing up to about 2 inches tall. They have a single, short stem that protrude from each rosette of leaves. Leaves are smooth and closely packed, forming rosettes of leaves that reach an average of 3/8 inches long. Androsace americana typically flowers in june. Pink petals are most commonly observed, but white petals can occur with older, more mature plants. Petals are deeply lobed and fuse at the bottom to form the flower. Scapes are generally 2 mm in early anthesis, but range from 2–4 cm in fruits, and are typically glandular and hairy, but can sometimes be hairless.

## Phenology

Androsace americana has been described as both a perennial and as a long-lived cushion. It has been suggested that as a cushion, the plant's canopy functions as a buffer for temperature variation, allowing for elevated temperature inside the plant.

## Distribution and habitat

Androsace americana, like other Androsace species, are found in cold climates Androsace americana is native to Northern America as well as Subarctic America, and it is typically found in Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon, and Canada. It prefers to grow on rocky and mossy slopes.
# Tegua people

The Tegua or Tecua were an Arawak-speaking indigenous people of Colombia who died out in the 19th century.
The territories of the Tegua stretched from Macanal, Boyacá in the west to Aguazul in the east and from Berbeo in the north to Villanueva in the south, on the eastern flanks of the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes.
Knowledge of the Tegua is scarce, but has been provided by pre-modern scholars Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita, Basilio Fernández de Oviedo and Pedro Simón and in modern times by Javier Ocampo López and Pedro Gustavo Huertas Ramírez.

## Etymology

The name of the people Tegua, originally meaning "boy", is presently a word in Colombian Spanish and means "shaman" or "witchdoctor", referring to the advanced knowledge the Tegua had of medicinal plants.

## Tegua territory

The Tegua inhabited the area of the lower and central Lengupá River valley in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes and the foothills (Piedemonte) towards the Llanos Orientales, such as the Casanare municipalities Recetor, Chámeza and Aguazul. To the south, the Guayupe were living, the eastern part was bordering the territories of the Achagua and the western and northern terrains were inhabited by the Muisca. The Tegua living east of Guatavita paid tribute to the Muisca. The origin of the Tegua people was in Campohermoso, Boyacá, where both the Lengupá and Upía Rivers flow.

### Municipalities belonging to Tegua territories

| Name | Department | Altitude (m) urban centre |
| Campohermoso | Boyacá | 1100 |
| Páez | Boyacá | 1300 |
| Berbeo | Boyacá | 1335 |
| Miraflores | Boyacá | 1432 |
| Macanal (shared with Muisca) | Boyacá | 1680 |
| San Luis de Gaceno | Boyacá | 395 |
| Santa María | Boyacá | 850 |
| Aguazul (shared with Achagua) | Casanare | 290 |
| Recetor (shared with Achagua) | Casanare | 800 |
| Chámeza (shared with Achagua) | Casanare | 1150 |
| Sabanalarga | Casanare | 450 |
| Villanueva | Casanare | 420 |

## Description

De Piedrahita has written that the Tegua spoke another language and looked different from the Muisca.
As noted by Pedro Simón, the Tegua had a diet formed by maize, honey, fish, coca and peanuts. They cultivated yuca and made pies of yuca and ants.
The chroniclers of the 17th century describe a Tegua woman with the assigned name La Cardeñosa, as a beautiful Tegua.
The first contact with the Tegua was made in 1538 by Juan de San Martín. In 1556 the evangelization process was started to convert the Tegua to Catholicism.
Names of Tegua caciques are reinstalled as street names of Campohermoso; Pirazica, Yayogua, Onayomba and Yapompo.
# Aaron O'Sullivan

Aaron O'Sullivan (born 15 December 1999) is an Irish rugby union player, currently playing for Pro14 and European Rugby Champions Cup side Leinster. His preferred position is wing.

## Rugby union

O'Sullivan previously played association football, represented the academies of both Southampton and Reading. After committing to rugby, O'Sullivan played for Wasps in the Anglo-Welsh cup. He then committed to the Leinster academy, and has yet to debut for Leinster. He has represented the Ireland national rugby sevens team.
# 591 Irmgard

591 Irmgard is a minor planet orbiting the Sun.
# Mamitschka

Mamitschka is a 1955 West German comedy-drama film directed by Rolf Thiele and starring Mila Kopp, Rudolf Platte and Jester Naefe.
It was shot at the Göttingen Studios and on location around Bamberg in Bavaria. The film's sets were designed by the art director Walter Haag.

## Plot

The film portrays the attempts of a family of Sudeten German refugees struggling to adjust to living in post-war Germany following their forced expulsion from Czechoslovakia. Eventually their daughter marries a soldier of the American occupying forces, himself of German descent, and the whole family emigrate to the United States.

## Cast

* Mila Kopp as Mamitschka
* Rudolf Platte as Tatinek
* Jester Naefe as Rosa
* Karl Hackenber as Frantek
* Ida Krottendorf as Nozena
* Evi Kent as Olga
* Dieter Thiele as Joseph
* Michael Hahn as Poldi
* Robert Haller as Baldur
* Klaus Behrendt as Wilborn
* Paul Henckels as Herr Samhaber
* Margarethe Andersen as Frau Samhaber
* Irka Peter as Witwe Nickel
* Kurt A. Jung as Herr Merkel
* Tilo von Berlepsch as Baron Hiebel
* Ursula Grabley as Frau Hiebel
* Gerd Frickhöffer as Geschäftsführer
* Ilse Künkele as Frau Duckheberle
# Landlord and Tenant Act 1988

The Landlord and Tenant Act 1988 (c. 26) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

## Section 7 - Short title, commencement and extent

Section 7(2) provides that the Act came into force at the end of the period of two months that began on the date on which it was passed. The word "months" means calendar months. The day (that is to say, 29 July 1988) on which the Act was passed (that is to say, received royal assent) is included in the period of two months. This means that the Act came into force on 29 September 1988.
# Alut

Alut may refer to:
* Alut District, an administrative subdivision of Iran
* Alut, Namshir, a village in Iran
* Ilut, a place in Israel
* Alut clan, a Manchu nobility clan