OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Texas kangaroo rat

The Texas kangaroo rat (Dipodomys elator) is a rodent of the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Texas and Oklahoma in the United States, where it often lives in association with brush species, like mesquite and lotebush, growing in areas with firm clay-loam soils. The species is listed as threatened by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and the IUCN lists the species as vulnerable.

## Description

It is a relatively large kangaroo rat that ranges in size from approximately 60 grams to 95 or more. Males and females of this species are sexually dimorphic, males being larger than females. Its distribution is within north-central Texas and it is only found within 13 counties.

## Diet and behavior

At one time, many thought that Texas kangaroo rats were associated with brush, especially mesquite. Recent investigations indicate that lotebush is also important and the rat may not even need brush. Burrows are not always associated with brush species and can occur on small prairie mounds. They also opportunistically use loose, friable soil that accumulates along fence lines and pasture roads. $^{[3][4]}$
The rat has been shown in a study that analyzed cheek pouch contents of several individuals to eat leaves of grasses and some perennials, stems, and seeds. In this one study area near fields that contained Johnson grass and cultivated oats, seeds from these plants were found to make up the largest part of their diet.

## Breeding

Breeding has not been studied extensively but generally they have a promiscuous mating system, mature early, mate all year with peaks in spring and summer, and have about 3 young per brood.

## Conservation

One of the largest threats that this organism faces is habitat loss and degradation due to agriculture within Texas. Monocultures like wheat fields are a large issue and under- or overgrazing rangelands can be a problem when range plants become too dense or to many cattle eat the plants that they feed on during instances of overgrazing. However, if grazing occurs properly, the rodents benefit. Proper grazing helps create amounts of bare ground needed for dust bathing, movement, seed caching, and burrow sites. This is an area that should be researched more in order to better understand their habitat selection and the effect that these land-use practices have on the organism.
# Mandowen

Mandowen is a Papuan surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gunansar Mandowen (born 2000), Indonesian professional footballer
* Lukas Mandowen (born 1989), Indonesian professional footballer
# ABCI

ABCI or ABCi may refer to:
* Aden Bowman Collegiate
* Association of Baptist Churches in Ireland
* Association of Baptist Churches in Israel
* AI Bridging Cloud Infrastructure, a Japanese supercomputer under development
* Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence, precursor of the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission
# Richland Township, Sac County, Iowa

Richland Township is a township in Sac County, Iowa, United States.
The township's elevation is listed as 1411 feet above mean sea level.
# Robert Weddell

Robert Hunter Weddell (26 December 1882 – 23 November 1951) was an Australian soldier and government administrator, who served as Government Resident of North Australia and Administrator of the Northern Territory.

## Life and career

Weddell was born in Geelong, Victoria in 1882.
During World War I, Weddell served as a major in the 7th Battalion of the Australian Imperial Force. His period of service included being an officer at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915, where he was the only officer from the front two companies who survived. He married Flora (née McDonald) in April 1916, while he was serving in the Armed Forces. He left the army in 1917.
In 1926, Weddell was appointed Government Resident of North Australia. In 1936, he moved to the role of Administrator of the Northern Territory. He retired from this post in 1937, as a result of difficulties arising from angina.
Weddell was called to military service in 1939, serving with the Australian Army Intelligence Corps in Melbourne. He retired from the army as a colonel in 1943.
Weddell died on 23 November 1951 at Malvern, Victoria. His wife outlived him, dying in October 1976.
# Lopadostoma

Lopadostoma is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae.
# Stevia crenata

Stevia crenata is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Shalozersky mine

The Shalozersky mine is a large mine in the north of Russia in the Republic of Karelia. Shalozersky represents one of the largest nickel reserve in Russia having estimated reserves of 306.1 million tonnes of ore grading 0.14% nickel, 4.56 million oz of platinum, 3.91 million oz of palladium and 0.85 million oz of gold. The 306.1 million tonnes of ore contains 0.43 million tonnes of nickel metal.
# Alžbeta Brezáková

Alžbeta Brezáková (1921 – 24 April 2015) was a Slovak nurse and the third wife of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria. The daughter of a castellan employed by the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry, she served as a royal nanny and as personal assistant to the deposed Tsar Ferdinand while he lived in exile in Germany. They were secretly married in 1947. She was sixty years younger than her husband and was the first Slovak and the first commoner to marry into the Bulgarian royal family. The validity of their morganatic marriage was questioned by Slovak writer Anton Hykisch, whose family was also employed by the Tsar.

## Biography

Brezáková was born in 1921 in Coburg and was of Slovak descent. Her parents, Juraj Brezák and Anna Brezáková, were both employed by the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry in Coburg. Her father was an orphan and grew up in Muráň under the care of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, who paid for his education and brought him on hunting trips. Brezáková lived with her parents in Coburg for five years before the family returned to Czechoslovakia.
As an adult, Brezáková lived in the Svätý Anton manor house, where her father served as a castellan for Tsar Ferdinand. In 1936, she began working for Ferdinand as an assistant, overseeing the administrative work of his employees, and as a nanny to his children. She was responsible for arranging the transfer of Ferdinand's library in the Palais Coburg in Vienna to the Svätý Anton manor house.
On 12 August 1947, she married Ferdinand in a secret ceremony in Bamberg. She was the former Tsar's third wife and the first Slovak and commoner to marry into the Bulgarian royal family. At the time of their marriage, she was twenty-six and he was eighty-six. Her husband, who had been deposed in 1918, lived in exile in Germany. The year before their marriage, his grandson Simeon II of Bulgaria, was deposed and the monarchy abolished under the formation of the People's Republic of Bulgaria. Ferdinand died one year after the marriage took place, on 10 September 1948. After his death, Brezáková returned to Slovakia, where she remarried and gave birth to a daughter, named Hildegard. She lived the remainder of her life in a tenement in Komárno. She died in Bratislava on 24 April 2015.

## Validity of royal marriage

The Slovak writer Anton Hykisch wrote that he doubted the validity of the marriage between the Tsar and Brezáková. Hykisch wrote that Ferdinand was "very proud of his origins" and that he did not believe the Tsar would enter "into a misalliance marriage." He stated that Ferdinand may have "arranged some theater with church dignitaries" but that no official documents exist regarding the marriage and that after Ferdinand's death, Brezáková did not claim rights to his estate and immediately left Germany for Slovakia, where she remarried.
# Texas land survey system

Texas, along with the original thirteen states and several others in the Southwest which were originally deeded with Spanish land grants, does not use the Public Land Survey System (also known as the Section Township Range and the Jeffersonian System). Land grants from the state of Texas to railroad companies were often patented in blocks and sections, and occasionally in units of square miles, officially considered sections.
The Texas Land Survey System is often measured in Spanish Customary Units. The most important of these is the vara, which, while ambiguous in the past, was legally established to be exactly 33+1⁄3 inches (846.67 mm) long in June 1919.
The subdivision levels in Texas are as follows:

## General subdivisions

* State boundary
* Railroad district (12 total, county boundaries)
* County
In Texas, the highest level of land subdivision is the boundary of the state itself. Below this are the Texas railroad districts, of which there are 12. These are Spanish grants, surveyed on the "metes and bounds" system of measurement, and are of irregular shape and size.
Counties are contained within railroad districts, but township/section, block, and league/labor measurements are not required to follow county boundaries. This is because original measurement lines were drawn before county lines.

## Townships and sections (South Texas)

* Township
* Section
Townships and sections, only found in southern Texas, follow the same style as the Public Land Survey System but do not include ranges. Sections are numbered between 1 and 9,999, but can include fractions (as in 65.5)

## Blocks (West Texas)

* Block
* Tract
Blocks (groups of joined or non-joined subdivided surveyed land) are not restricted to rectangles or squares but based on survey layouts and individual property bounds. Original block lines were drawn before any official boundaries were created.
Tracts, found within blocks, are special categories.
Neither blocks nor tracts obey county lines.

## Leagues and labors (North and East Texas)

* League (4,428.4 acres; 17.921 km$^2$)
* Labor (177.14 acres; 0.71684 km$^2$)
When a league is subdivided, it is subdivided into 25 labors. Leagues can be divided or undivided (some leagues exist without labors). Labors cannot exist without leagues.
A labor is one million square varas. Therefore, a league is 25 million.
"A league and a labor" (4,605.5 acres; 18.638 km$^2$) was a common first land grant and consisted of a league of land away from the river plus one extra labor of good riparian (river-situated) land. A headright of this much land was granted to "all persons [heads of families] except Africans and their descendants and Indians living in Texas on the day of the declaration of independence." To any single man, 17 years or older, one-third league was granted (1,476.1 acres; 5.9737 km$^2$).
# Tang Miao

Tang Miao may refer to:
* Tang Miao (footballer, born October 1990) (Chinese: 唐淼; pinyin: Táng Miǎo), Chinese soccer footballer from Liaoning, who plays for Guangzhou R&F F.C and China national team
* Tang Miao (footballer, born November 1990) (Chinese: 唐淼; pinyin: Táng Miǎo), Chinese soccer footballer from Anhui, who plays for Jiangsu Sainty F.C.
# Reva Rubin

Reva Rubin (April 8, 1919 – Mary 13, 1995) was one of the first specialists in maternity nursing. Her work helped to broaden maternal nursing to include caring for the mother's mental wellbeing before and after childbirth.

## Career

Rubin received her bachelor's degree from Hunter College in 1941, and received her master's degree in nursing from Yale University in 1946. Rubin then started work with the Frontier Nursing Service. She worked with them as a midwife in impoverished parts of rural Kentucky before returning to Yale to complete her master's in mental health, which she received in 1954. She taught at the Yale School of Nursing and the University of Chicago before joining the faculty at the University of Pittsburgh, where she taught from 1960 to 1981.
Throughout her time teaching, she published articles on maternity and maternity nursing. Her published work of the 1960s broadened maternity nursing in theory and practice; whereas maternity nursing had focused previously on biology and physiology, Rubin's work brought the mental work of the mother into the conversation. In particular, Rubin differentiated maternal nursing from obstetric nursing. She argued that obstetric nurses' role only included helping the physician in the delivery of the child, whereas maternal nurses assisted the new mother in transitioning into her role as a mother. She published writings from 1961 onwards, culminating in her 1984 book published "The Maternal Identity and the Maternal Experience." Her early writings described the mental work of assuming motherhood as an identity and of connecting with a child. She also published work on mother-child relationships which spanned food and feeding, pregnancy, self-esteem and mental wellbeing. In 1972, she and Florence H. Erickson founded the first known research journal in the field of maternal nursing, Maternal Child Care Nursing Journal. They worked together at the University of Pittsburgh and established the university's first master's and doctoral degrees in nursing. In a 1988 review of her published work and contributions to maternity nursing, the authors concluded that advances in technology and shifts in medical and nursing practice and to hospital policy had made some of her psychosocial theories irrelevant to the mothers of 1988. For example, they noted that Rubin's analysis of a mother's cognitive state during pregnancy, centered around the uncertainty of her child's sex, had become less relevant since the introduction of ultrasound imaging.

### Awards

The March of Dimes awarded Rubin their first annual Award in Nursing. In 1976 she received the Distinguished Service Award in Maternal-Child Nursing from the American Nurses Association. In 1992, she received an honorary doctorate from the University of Calgary.
# Rick Stitch

Rick Stitch is a Canadian singer-songwriter best known as the singer for Ladyjack Hotel Diablo and Adler's Appetite.
He has also played with First Born Unicorn, The Other Side of Morning and Steady Ground. Former Guns N' Roses guitarist Gilby Clarke was enlisted to produce Ladyjack's debut album.

## Early music career (1996–2007)

Rick Stitch started his musical career during the mid Nineties as a drummer with longtime high school friends Mark Pellizzer on guitar and Gary Rugala on bass. He left to join his older brother's (Chris Graham of The Framework) band as their new bassist.
It would be a year later that Stitch would become lead singer and songwriter of his newly formed band First Born Unicorn with Gary Rugala, David Christopher, Jon Fedorsen and Jaden. The band would perform through 2002–2004 in Toronto, Ontario.
After his relocation to Los Angeles, CA in early 2005, Stitch joined the band The Other Side of Morning as their new lead singer. Rick Stitch remained as singer through 2005 and in early 2006, he left the band and joined Steady Ground (featuring former The Offspring drummer Ron Welty) as their singer.
In 2007, Rick Stitch left the band to form, write, record and perform with what would become Ladyjack in early 2008.

## Ladyjack (2008–present)

In February 2008 Stitch formed Ladyjack with guitarist Robo. The duo would perform throughout 2008 at venues such as Canter's Kibitz Room, Rainbow Bar and Grill, and even busked on Hollywood Boulevard in search of bandmates.
In late 2009, bassist Corwin joined the band and a month later drummer Paul Tyler would take on the duties as the man behind the kit. In June 2009, guitarist Ryan Seelbach was added to the lineup.

## Adler's Appetite (2009–2011)

Following the departure for Sheldon Tarsha, Stitch joined Adler's Appetite as the group's new singer. The group announced more US dates as well as shows in Brazil and Argentina.
On 7 May the group announced dates for the second leg of their US tour.

## Hotel Diablo (2011–present)

He is currently in the band Hotel Diablo who put out their first album The Return To Psycho, California in 2012

## Solo (2002–present)

In 2002, Stitch began writing and performing his own music. He has continued to write and perform under his own name.
The song "Make It Right", written by Stitch, appears in the movie "Periphery" released in 2009.

## Discography
### With Ladyjack

* Ladyjack (TBA)

### With Adler's Appetite

* Alive

### Singles

* Make It Right (2009) (solo)
# Ainos

Ainos may refer to:
* Aenus (Thrace), an ancient Greek city in Thrace, near the Aegean coast
* Mount Ainos, on the island Cefalonia
* Ainu people of Japan
# Rocca dei Rettori

Rocca dei Rettori (also known as Castle of Manfredi) is a castle in Benevento, southern Italy. It currently houses the Museum of the Samnium.

## History

Archaeological excavations held during the 1998 restoration have proven that the area was used since prehistoric times: findings include a necropolis from the (7th-6th century BC), surmounted by Samnite tombs. The Samnites built here a rampart around the 4th century BC, and were the first to use the place as a defensive position. The Romans built here a bath building, known as Castellum aquae, carrying the water through an aqueduct from the Serino river.
The Lombards re-used defensive the location, and raised the eastern wall. In the 8th century, a Benedictine monastery was erected here. Starting from 771, during the rule of Duke Arechis II of Benevento, the monastery was united to a castle or fortified palace (Castrum vetus), which was enlarged around the 11th century. Subsequently, the edifice lived a period of semi-abandonment. In 1321 Pope John XXII asked the governor of the city, William of Balaeto, to restore the building as a residence for the papal rectors. The nuns were transferred to the monastery of San Pietro.
In the 16th century, the Rocca was enlarged. From 1586 it was increasingly used as a jail, which was active until 1865. After the 1702 earthquake, the edifice was partially rebuilt under design by Carlo Buratti.

## Description

The Rocca is located in the highest point of the historical center of Benevento. The current appearance is the result of numerous renovations and additions along the centuries. It is composed of two main bodies: the Big Tower (Torrione), built by the Lombards, is the only visible remain of their original fortress, although it has been restored several times, until in the 15th century it obtained the current appearance (and is thus known as Castrum novum, "New Castle").
The Torrione has an elevation of 28 meters. The walls include fragments of Roman edifices (especially in the eastern side) and has ogival double mullioned windows. The terrace has two turrets.
The other main body of the fortress is the Palazzo dei Governatori Pontifici ("Palace of the Papal Rectors", or governors. This edifice has the main entrance on the eastern side, with a staircase leading to a rear garden which is at an upper level than the nearby road. The Palace has a rectangular plane, with three floors and an inner court. It includes both ancient (the barbicans) and modern (the framed windows and the colonnade) elements. The lowest floor is occupied by the cells, with a large staircase leading to the upper floor. This has large halls with wooden ceilings and decorations (often floral ones) from the 18th century.
The rear garden has trees and ends southwards with an overhang. It houses a collection of slabs from the ancient Via Traiana and other Roman architectural fragments. In front of the entrance staircase is a Lion monument, built in 1640 in honor of Pope Urban VIII. The lion is a medieval sculpture, while the octagonal pedestal re-uses richly decorated Roman elements.
# Lopagno

Lopagno is a village and former municipality in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.
In 2001 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Cagiallo, Roveredo, Sala Capriasca, Tesserete and Vaglio to form a new and larger municipality Capriasca.

## History

Lopagno is first mentioned in 1335 as Lopagnio.
Lopagno, together with Cagiallo and Campestro, formed a Vicinanza since the Middle Ages. In the 16th and 17th centuries there were several large-scale emigrations from the village. The economy of the village was based on agriculture, trade and construction activities. The inhabitants of Lopagno were among the leaders of the popular uprising against the authorities of the Helvetic Republic on 26 January 1802. Since 1952, the Institute Don Orione for the care of the mentally disabled, is active in Lopagno.
The S. Apollonia chapel dates back to the 16th century, and is a dependent of the parish of Tesserete.
In 2000 about three quarters of the working population worked outside the village.

## Location

The village is located in the Capriasca valley at the entrance to Val Colla and includes the hamlets of Treggia, Somazzo and Oggio

## Historic population

The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Stevia dianthoidea

Stevia dianthoidea is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Tillett Islands

Tillett Booby Islands (67°11′S 59°27′E﻿ / ﻿67.183°S 59.450°E﻿ / -67.183; 59.450) is a group of small, somewhat dispersed islands, the largest rising 70 m above the sea, lying 5 nautical miles (9 km) northeast of Cape Wilkins. Discovered and named in February 1936 by DI personnel on the William Scoresby.
# The Affiliated Senior High School of National Chung Hsing University

The Affiliated Senior High School of National Chung Hsing University (Chinese: 國立中興大學附屬高級中學) is a senior high school in Dali District, Taichung, Taiwan.
# List of ambassadors of Saint Lucia to the United States

The Saint Lucianese ambassador in Washington, D.C. is the official representative of the Government in Castries to the Government of the United States.

## List of representatives

| Diplomatic agrément | Diplomatic accreditation | Ambassador | Observations | List of prime ministers of Saint Lucia | List of presidents of the United States | Term end |
| February 13, 1980 | April 24, 1980 | Barry Bertrand Lucas Auguste | | Allan Fitzgerald Laurent Louisy | Jimmy Carter | |
| August 3, 1984 | August 29, 1984 | Joseph Edsel Edmunds | (*July 1, 1935 at Barbados) primary secondary school in Castrices Staint Lucia In 1954 he obtained the University of Cambridge Overseas Higher School Certificate and was appointed to the staff of St. Mary's College where he taught science. | John Compton | Ronald Reagan | |
| September 4, 1998 | September 10, 1998 | Sonia Merlyn Johnny | | Kenneth Anthony | Bill Clinton | |
| June 12, 2008 | June 26, 2008 | Michael Louis | | Stephenson King | George W. Bush | |
| September 12, 2012 | September 19, 2012 | Sonia M. Johnny | | Kenny Anthony | Barack Obama | |
| July 22, 2015 | August 3, 2015 | Elizabeth Darius-Clarke | | Kenny Anthony | Barack Obama | |
| November 12, 2016 | September 8, 2017 | Anton E. Edmunds | | Allen Chastanet | Donald Trump | July 28, 2021 |
| September 2017 | Till date | Elizabeth Darius Clarke | | Philip J. Pierre | Joe Biden |
38°55′59″N 77°05′09″W﻿ / ﻿38.933191°N 77.085933°W﻿ / 38.933191; -77.085933
# Ricchiuti

Ricchiuti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adrián Ricchiuti (born 1978), Argentine-Italian footballer and coach
* Giovanni Ricchiuti (born 1948), Italian bishop
* Peter Ricchiuti (born 1957), American academic
# MYO9B

MYO9B is a gene that encodes the Myosin-IXb protein.