OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Salix donggouxianica

Salix donggouxianica is a shrub from the genus willow (Salix) with usually 3.5 to 4.5 centimeters long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in the northeast of China.

## Description

Salix donggouxianica grows as a shrub up to 2 meters high with a gray-brown, smooth bark . The branches are thin, bare, yellowish and spotted black. Young twigs are yellow-green. The buds are egg-shaped and have brown-yellow, bare bud scales. The leaves have a 1.5 to 2 millimeter long, bare petiole. The leaf blade is linear-lanceolate, 3.5 to 4.5 centimeters long and 7 to 8 millimeters wide. The leaf margin is slightly blunt, the leaf base wedge-shaped, the leaf end pointed.
The male inflorescences are elongated to short petioles, 1 to 2 centimeters long and 6 to 7 millimeters in diameter catkins . The peduncle is short and has one or two scale-like, small leaves. The bracts are rust-red, inverted triangular, about 1 millimeter long, ciliate and shaggy hairy on the underside near the base. The end of the sheet is trimmed. Male flowers have a petiolate, about 0.3 millimeter long adaxial nectar gland . The stamenshave grown together, the individual stamens have shaggy hairs at the base, the anthers are red, egg-shaped and quadruple. The female catkins are round, 1 to 2.5 centimeters long and 3.5 to 5 millimeters in diameter. The bracts are spatulate, about 1.4 millimeters long and ciliate on the underside near the base. The end of the sheet is almost trimmed. Female flowers have a short, pedicled nectar gland about 0.4 millimeters long. The ovary is ovoid or elliptical, 1.2 to 1.5 millimeters long, pubescent and shortly stalked. One stylus is missing, the scar is lobed twice. Salix donggouxianica flowers in April, the fruits ripen in May.

## Range

The natural range is in the Chinese province of Liaoning in Donggou County. There the species grows in the coastal plains.

## Taxonomy

Salix donggouxianica is a kind from the kind of willow (Salix), in the family of the pasture plants (Salicaceae). There, it is the section Helix assigned. It was first described in 1984 by Fang Zhenfu in the Bulletin of Botanical Research. Synonyms of the species are not known.
# The Craig School

The Craig School is an independent, private coeducational day school located in Mountain Lakes and Montville, in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in second through twelfth grades.
As of the 2019–20 school year, the school had an enrollment of 127 students and 46.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 2.7:1. The school's student body was 80.3% (102) White, 9.4% (12) Black, 6.3% (8) Asian, 2.4% (3) Hispanic and 1.6% (2) two or more races. The Lower /Middle School director is Jennifer Guthrie, the High School director is Eric Caparulo, and Susan Schmitt is the Head of School.
The Craig School was founded in 1980. The school specializes in the education of children who have encountered difficulty succeeding in the traditional classroom environment. The Craig School specializes in students limited to dyslexia, auditory processing disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, using a language-based curriculum. The Craig High School was added in 2000. In 2013, The Craig High School moved to new shared facilities at the Boonton High School.
In September 2015, the school acquired its current Lower and Middle School facilities, and administrative building, located in Mountain Lakes, New Jersey, from The Wilson School (which is now defunct). Following the purchase, The Craig School will begin a renovation program on the Mountain Lakes facilities, including the expansion of the school's Orton Gillingham teaching wing for students with dyslexia and related academic learning disabilities, science lab and technology teaching areas and art studio space. A new occupational therapy room is also in the preliminary plan. The renovation program, which will be managed to avoid operational disruption, is expected to be completed by September 2016.

## Accreditation

The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 2002 and is accredited until July 2027. The Craig School is a member of the National Association of Independent Schools and New Jersey Association of Independent Schools.
In 2010, The Craig High School formed its own chapter of the National Honor Society, and in 2012, formed its own chapter of the National Art Honor Society.

## Athletics

On three Fridays during the month of January and into February, students are taken to ski or snowboard at Mount Peter in Warwick, New York, as part of the physical education program.
# Anticalyptraea

Anticalyptraea is a fossil genus of encrusting tentaculitoid tubeworms from the Silurian to Devonian of Europe and North America (Vinn, 2010). Anticalyptraea commonly encrust various invertebrate fossils such as stromatoporoids, rugose corals, bryozoans, brachiopods and crinoids, but they can also be common on the hardgrounds.
They were often attacked by predators in the Pridoli of Baltica.
Anticalyptraea was traditionally interpreted as a phorid gastropod, but was later assigned to the Class Tentaculita. Its dextrally coiled substrate-cemented tube, bulbous initial chamber, vesicular tube wall and pseudopunctate microlamellar shell structure closely resembles trypanoporids (Tentaculita), but Anticalyptraea differs in having the cones of the pseudopunctae oriented in the opposite direction. Pseudopunctae oriented similarly to Anticalyptraea occur in Cornulites (cornulitids) and thick-walled tentaculitids. The name Anticalyptraea is a reference to the gastropod genus Calyptraea.
# Shingarkop

Shingarkop is a village in Belgaum district of Karnataka, India.
# Mehmet Şerefettin Yaltkaya

Mehmet Şerefettin Yaltkaya (17 November 1880 – 23 April 1947) was a Turkish religious scholar, who served as the 2nd president of religious affairs of the Republic of Turkey from 1942 until his death in 1947. He is known for leading the funeral prayer of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk on 19 November 1938 at the Dolmabahçe Palace in Turkish. More than 60 of his works are available.
He was born in Istanbul. After graduating from the Davutpaşa Middle School, he graduated from the Male Teachers' College for Secondary Schools. In 1924, he became a lecturer in the history of remark at the Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, and later became a distinguished professor in the field of Islam and its philosophy. On November 19, 1938, while he was the director of the Institute of Islamic Studies, he led Ataturk's funeral prayer by a limited congregation. He was appointed as the president of religious affairs on January 14, 1942, and died on April 23, 1947, while on duty. His grave is in Cebeci Asri Cemetery in Ankara.
His library was given to the Ankara University Faculty of Language and History–Geography in accordance with his will. He was a supporter of the Turkish War of Independence and Ataturk's reforms such as Turkish adhan.
# Synesthesia – I Think in Colours

Synesthesia – I Think in Colours is the 2014 debut album of German DJ and music producer Alle Farben released on Sony Music.

## Overview

The album was released on 25 May 2014 in Germany and European markets through Kallias record label and Sony Music. The 15-track album includes collaborations with a number of artists, namely Graham Candy featured on two tracks, Lydmor also on two tracks and Sway Clarke II on one track. It also includes two bonus remixes "She Moves" by Bakermat and Goldfish.
On April 15, 2014, Alle Farben released "She Moves (Far Away)" featuring the vocals of Graham Candy as a prerelease and debut single from the debut album.

## Track listing

* "Intro" – 2:38
* "Leaves" – 3:32
* "Down" – 4:44
* "She Moves" (featuring Graham Candy) – 3:17
* "Synesthesia" – 6:28
* "Blue" – 4:34
* "Sometimes" (featuring Graham Candy) – 3:24
* "Because of You" (featuring Lydmor) – 3:49
* "On and On" (featuring Lydmor) – 3:25
* "Lonely Land" (featuring Sway Clarke II) – 3:24
* "Face to Facebook" – 4:02
* "D. Punk" – 4:05)
* "Metaphysik der Röhren" – 6:56
* "She Moves (Far Away)" Bakermat Remix (feat. Graham Candy) – 5:23 (bonus)
* "She Moves (Far Away)" Goldfish Dub Mix (feat. Graham Candy) – 7:18 (bonus)

## Chart performance

| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 54 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 20 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 40 |
# Roy Maxion

Roy A. Maxion is a research professor at School of Computer Science of Carnegie Mellon University. His research interests include biometrics, keystroke dynamics, and software reliability. His h-index is 30.

## Editorial board

* International Journal of Biometrics, editorial board member
* IEEE Security and Privacy, associate editor

## Awards

* 2008, IEEE Fellow
* 2019, IEEE/Dependable Systems and Networks Test of Time Award
# Trnje, Zagreb

Trnje (Croatian pronunciation:) is a district in the City of Zagreb, Croatia. According to the 2011 census, the district had 42,282 residents. It is located in the central part of the city, south of Donji grad across the railway (Zagreb Main Station), east of Trešnjevka (Savska road), west of Peščenica (Vjekoslav Heinzel Avenue and Marin Držić Avenue), and north of the river Sava. The Slavonska Avenue intersects Trnje.
Trnje was amalgamated into the city in 1927 by Mayor Vjekoslav Heinzel, along with several other new districts, mainly for the purpose of housing people needed for Zagreb's industrial sector expansion.
As a district, Trnje has an elected council.

## List of neighborhoods in Trnje

* Cvjetno naselje
* Kanal
* Kruge
* Martinovka
* Savica
* Sigečica
* Vrbik
* Zavrtnica
# Salix driophila

Salix driophila is a shrub from the genus of willow (Salix). The natural range of the species is in China.

## Description

Salix driophila grows as a shrub. The twigs are purple-brown or yellowish-brown, young twigs are purple-green and tomentose. The leaves are stalked. The leaf blade is elliptical, oblong or rounded. The leaf margin is entire, the end of the leaf blunt or pointed. The upper side of the leaf is green, hairy or almost bare, the underside is greenish and silky-tomentose or hairy down.
The male inflorescences are upright, from 2.5 and usually 4 to 4.5 centimeters long and 6 to 8 millimeters in diameter catkins. The peduncle is 1 to 2 centimeters long and has two to five small leaves. The bracts are obovate-oblong, about 1.5 millimeters long, curved, shaggy hairy and have a greenish, blunt end. Male flowers have an elongated-cylindrical, about 0.6 millimeter long, strong, adaxial nectar gland . The stamensare not grown together, 3.5 to 4 millimeters long and finely hairy at the base. The female catkins are up to 5.5 centimeters long. The bracts are round, about 1 millimeter long, shaggy hairy or glabrous on the upper side. Female flowers have an ovate-cylindrical, strong, adaxial nectar gland that is about the same length as the bracts. The ovary is ovoid, about twice as long as the bracts, sitting tight and white and daunig hairy. The stylus is formed clearly and bilobed, the scar is entire or split. The fruits are about 3 millimeters long, sedentary and finely hairy capsules. Salix driophilablooms with the leaves in May, the fruits also ripen in May.

## Range

The natural range is in the Chinese province of Sichuan, in the northwest of Yunnan, and in the east of Tibet. There the species grows on mountain slopes at altitudes of 2100 to 3100 meters.

## Taxonomy

Salix driophila is a species from the genus of willows (Salix) in the willow family (Salicaceae). There, it is the section Eriocladae assigned. It was described for the first time in 1916 by Camillo Karl Schneider in Plantae Wilsonianae. Synonyms of the species are not known.
# Aldwarke Main Colliery

Aldwarke Main Colliery was a coal mine sunk in the Don Valley, near Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England.

## History

The name "Aldwarke" refers to an area in the Don Valley about 2 miles north of Rotherham, South Yorkshire stretching to the outskirts of the village of Kilnhurst. To its west is Parkgate, to its east the villages of Dalton and Thrybergh. The washlands of the River Don (known locally as "The Wash") was crossed by a toll road which was freed of toll in the late 1980s.
Coal gathering at Aldwarke goes back to the 17th century with documents relating to tenants rights of way over the grounds and the River Dunne (Don) at Aldwarke ford, on both sides of river; and to any person fetching coals from pits. Earlier records still refer to charkcole (charcoal) to be cut in Rounde woodde near Aldwarke Manor house.

## Deep mining

The colliery was sunk on a triangular section of land, to its west the main line of the Midland Railway, to the east the Mexborough to Sheffield line of the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway and to its south the road, known as Aldwarke Lane, a toll road across the lands of the manor of Aldwarke linking Parkgate to Dalton, near Rotherham. The colliery was linked to both adjacent railway lines and to a staithe on the River Don Navigation.
The mine was sunk in three stages, the first shaft reached the productive Barnsley seam (bed) in 1867. It took a further 10 years, by deepening the same shaft to reach the Parkgate bed but it was not until 1884, with the sinking of a second shaft, that the Silkstone seam was reached. The colliery continued taking production from these seams until the Second World War when, between 1944 and 1946, the shafts were deepened to reach the Swallow Wood seam and give better access to the Parkgate seam.
Ownership was in the hands of Sheffield steelmakers John Brown and Co. Ltd. and passed to the National Coal Board on nationalisation in 1947.

## Closure

The colliery was closed on 30 June 1961.
# Thomas Wood (Somerset cricketer)

Thomas Wood (2 June 1861 – 15 March 1933) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Somerset in 1894. He was born at Leominster, Herefordshire and died at Potchefstroom, Transvaal, South Africa.
Wood was an opening or middle-order batsman who kept wicket on occasion for amateur Somerset sides in non-first-class matches between 1886 and 1894. In his one first-class appearance he batted in middle-order and did not keep wicket; he scored 11 in Somerset's only innings in the home match against Lancashire.
# Tixcocoba

Tixcocoba is a monotypic genus of North American sac spiders containing the single species, Tixcocoba maya. It was first described by Willis J. Gertsch in 1977, and has only been found in Mexico.
# Mehmetaliçiftliği, Sungurlu

Mehmetaliçiftliği is a village in the Sungurlu District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 34 (2022). The village is populated by Kurds.
# Melancolia e Carnaval

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Notas Musicais | link |
| Território da Música | link |
| Coliseu de Ideias | (favorable) link |
| Scream & Yell | 8/10 link |
Melancolia e Carnaval (Portuguese for "Melancholy and Carnival") is the eleventh studio album by the Brazilian musician Rogério Skylab; the second installment of what he calls the "Trilogia dos Carnavais" (Trilogy of the Carnivals). It was self-released in 2014, and counts with guest appearances by musicians Romulo Fróes [pt] and Jards Macalé, and by the Estação Primeira de Mangueira samba school.
"Cogito" is a poem by Torquato Neto set to music by Skylab. "Palavras São Voláteis" is a re-recording of the song originally present in Fora da Grei. "Hino Americano", as evidenced by the title, is sung to the tune of the national anthem of the United States, "The Star-Spangled Banner". A music video was made for the track.
The album can be downloaded for free on Skylab's official website.

## Critical reception

Melancolia e Carnaval has received positive reviews since its release. Mauro Ferreira of blog Notas Musicais gave it 3.5 stars out of 5, stating that the album "balances the traditional and the unusual" and that it is "beautifully strange". Rafael Sartori of Território da Música called the album "surprising", "coherent" and "simplistic in a good way", giving it 3 stars out of 5. Raul Lima de Albuquerque of Coliseu de Ideias spoke favorably of the album, calling it "tasteful and subtle". Marcelo Costa of Scream & Yell called the album "poetic and melodic", and praised the guest appearances by Jards Macalé and Romulo Fróes [pt]. He proceeded to give the album a rating of 8 out of 10. Writing for Yahoo! in 2015, critic Regis Tadeu [pt] included Melancolia e Carnaval in his list of "five great albuns that reinvigorate Brazilian music".
In late December 2014, website UOL set up a public poll asking readers to vote on the best albums of the year; Melancolia e Carnaval was featured in first place in the "MPB" category.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Rogério Skylab, except for "Cogito" by Torquato Neto

## Personnel

* Rogério Skylab – vocals, production
* Alexandre Guichard – classical guitar
* Luiz Antônio Gomes – classical guitar (track 7), bass guitar, keyboards, mixing, mastering
* Jards Macalé – additional vocals, classical guitar (track 5)
* Romulo Fróes [pt] – additional vocals (track 1)
* Velha Guarda da Mangueira – additional vocals (track 11)
* Bruno Coelho – drums, percussion
* Thiago Martins – electric guitar
* Samuel Ramos – trombone (track 7)
* Solange Venturi – cover art
# Solar wind (disambiguation)

Solar wind is a stellar phenomenon of the Sun
Solar wind may also refer to:
* Stellar wind, gas ejected from the atmosphere of stars
* Solar Winds, a computer game
* SolarWinds, a network management software company
* Solar Winds hack, a nickname for the 2020 United States federal government data breach, in which the network management company was a target
* Solar Wind (comic), a British comic
* Hearing Solar Winds, an album of composer David Hykes
* "Solar Wind", a song by Snowkel which is also the second ending theme for Japanese anime series Kiba
* Solar Wind (album), a 1974 album by pianist Ramsey Lewis
* The Solar Wind (Aurinkotuuli), a 1975 Finnish novel by Kullervo Kukkasjärvi
** The Solar Wind (film), a 1980 film directed by Timo Linnasalo, based on the novel
# Salix eleagnos

Salix eleagnos the bitter willow, olive willow, hoary willow, rosemary willow, or elaeagnus willow, is a species of flowering plant in the family Salicaceae, native to central and southern Europe and south west Asia. Growing to 3 m (10 ft) tall by 5 m (16 ft) broad, it is an erect bushy deciduous shrub with narrow grey-green leaves up to 20 cm (8 in) long, which turn yellow in autumn (fall). The green catkins, 3–6 cm (1–2 in) long, appear with the leaves in spring, male catkins having yellow anthers.
Like all willows, the species is dioecious. The specific epithet eleagnos is frequently spelt elaeagnos (Elaeagnus, silverberry or oleaster), though the original spelling has been accepted as a correct Greek form.
Salix eleagnos subsp. angustifolia has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
# The City Circle

The City Circle is a network body of mainly young Muslim professionals located in England and is a registered charity (Reg. No.1088931). On 7 November 2006, The City Circle announced that it had appointed Yahya Birt as its first director with effect from December 2006. On 3 January 2008, it announced the appointment of Usama Hasan, whose father is Suhaib Hasan, as its new director.

## Projects

Current projects include a Saturday school, careers and mentoring and helping London's homeless.

## British Muslim Identity

The City Circle contributes to British Muslim Identity through its weekly discussion groups. It has also attracted controversy through policy of not aligning itself to any particular group or ideology. , where the MCB and its critics debated.
Following the veil controversy the City Circle organised a public meeting with Jack Straw, where Jack Straw defended his comments.
# Thurston norm

In mathematics, the Thurston norm is a function on the second homology group of an oriented 3-manifold introduced by William Thurston, which measures in a natural way the topological complexity of homology classes represented by surfaces.

## Definition

Let $M$ be a differentiable manifold and $c\in H_{2}(M)$. Then $c$ can be represented by a smooth embedding $S\to M$, where $S$ is a (not necessarily connected) surface that is compact and without boundary. The Thurston norm of $c$ is then defined to be
    $\|c\|_{T}=\min _{S}\sum _{i=1}^{n}\chi _{-}(S_{i})$,
where the minimum is taken over all embedded surfaces $S=\bigcup _{i}S_{i}$ (the $S_{i}$ being the connected components) representing $c$ as above, and $\chi _{-}(F)=\max(0,-\chi (F))$ is the absolute value of the Euler characteristic for surfaces which are not spheres (and 0 for spheres).
This function satisfies the following properties:
* $\|kc\|_{T}=|k|\cdot \|c\|_{T}$ for $c\in H_{2}(M),k\in \mathbb {Z}$;
* $\|c_{1}+c_{2}\|_{T}\leq \|c_{1}\|_{T}+\|c_{2}\|_{T}$ for $c_{1},c_{2}\in H_{2}(M)$.
These properties imply that $\|\cdot \|$ extends to a function on $H_{2}(M,\mathbb {Q} )$ which can then be extended by continuity to a seminorm $\|\cdot \|_{T}$ on $H_{2}(M,\mathbb {R} )$. By Poincaré duality, one can define the Thurston norm on $H^{1}(M,\mathbb {R} )$.
When $M$ is compact with boundary, the Thurston norm is defined in a similar manner on the relative homology group $H_{2}(M,\partial M,\mathbb {R} )$ and its Poincaré dual $H^{1}(M,\mathbb {R} )$.
It follows from further work of David Gabai that one can also define the Thurston norm using only immersed surfaces. This implies that the Thurston norm is also equal to half the Gromov norm on homology.

## Topological applications

The Thurston norm was introduced in view of its applications to fiberings and foliations of 3-manifolds.
The unit ball $B$ of the Thurston norm of a 3-manifold $M$ is a polytope with integer vertices. It can be used to describe the structure of the set of fiberings of $M$ over the circle: if $M$ can be written as the mapping torus of a diffeomorphism $f$ of a surface $S$ then the embedding $S\hookrightarrow M$ represents a class in a top-dimensional (or open) face of $B$: moreover all other integer points on the same face are also fibers in such a fibration.
Embedded surfaces which minimise the Thurston norm in their homology class are exactly the closed leaves of foliations of $M$.