OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Martin District

Martin District (okres Martin) is a district in the Žilina Region of central Slovakia. Its main cultural, economic and administrative seat is the city of Martin. Martin District is one of the most important cultural centers in Slovakia. The city of Martin is the location and seat of the largest Slovak library, the Slovak National Museum, the cultural organisation Matica Slovenská and the Slovak Red Cross. In the district are 16 sport clubs, including ice hockey, football and handball, which all have their separate sport halls. Martin District economy is based foremost on the engineering industry, but also on the wood processing, construction, paper and cellulose industries.

## Municipalities

Martin District (2020) :
| Municipality | Area (km$^2$) | Population |
| Belá-Dulice | 51.17 | 1,259  |
| Benice | 2.15 | 360  |
| Blatnica | 86.18 | 984  |
| Bystrička | 19.12 | 1,475  |
| Diaková | 2.42 | 485  |
| Dolný Kalník | 1.33 | 302  |
| Dražkovce | 4.38 | 1,056  |
| Ďanová | 7.66 | 561  |
| Folkušová | 6.01 | 148  |
| Horný Kalník | 2.06 | 187  |
| Karlová | 1.83 | 106  |
| Kláštor pod Znievom | 39.02 | 1,705  |
| Košťany nad Turcom | 6.43 | 1,366  |
| Krpeľany | 13.88 | 1,064  |
| Laskár | 3.34 | 131  |
| Ležiachov | 4.22 | 146  |
| Lipovec | 12.74 | 922  |
| Martin | 12.74 | 922  |
| Necpaly | 42.17 | 1,014  |
| Nolčovo | 15.01 | 252  |
| Podhradie | 16.39 | 687  |
| Príbovce | 5.97 | 1,112  |
| Rakovo | 5.41 | 379  |
| Ratkovo | .9 | 198  |
| Sklabiňa | 11.06 | 628  |
| Sklabinský Podzámok | 27.14 | 185  |
| Slovany | 14.3 | 450  |
| Socovce | 5.1 | 240  |
| Sučany | 33.26 | 4,722  |
| Šútovo | 16.62 | 518  |
| Trebostovo | 13.12 | 593  |
| Trnovo | 7.44 | 273  |
| Turany | 46.74 | 4,253  |
| Turčianska Štiavnička | 14.07 | 941  |
| Turčianske Jaseno | 20.46 | 417  |
| Turčianske Kľačany | 12.2 | 1,006  |
| Turčiansky Ďur | .93 | 169  |
| Turčiansky Peter | 4.61 | 531  |
| Valča | 32.28 | 1,767  |
| Vrícko | 29.59 | 452  |
| Vrútky | 18.65 | 7,731  |
| Záborie | 5.19 | 165  |
| Žabokreky | 5.23 | 1,218  |
# Martin Dillon (musician)

Martin Dillon (June 17, 1957 – August 21, 2005) was an American musician, operatic tenor, and professor of music at Rutgers University in Camden, New Jersey.
Dillon was very successful and active in attempting to revive German-Jewish composer and pianist, Robert Kahn's lost music. His efforts were internationally recognised by the musical and academic community. He made two acclaimed recordings dedicated to Kahn's music, Jungbrunnen (Fountain of Youth) and Der Liebe Macht (The Power of Love). Both recordings were world premiers. Dillon died before the recording of the third CD which was near completion.
Dillon was a world-renowned lyric tenor and musician who had performed several times at the Carnegie Hall in New York. He performed over 40 roles in the United States, Europe and Asia.
Dillon died about 12 hours after a concert at the Central Vermont Chamber Music Festival on 20 August 2005, due to cardiac arrest.
# Aldiscon

Aldiscon Limited was a telecommunications software company founded in Dublin, Ireland, in 1988. The company supplied software products to mobile phone operators and became a leader in the supply of short message service centres (SMSC).

## History

Aldiscon was founded in 1988 by Gilbert Little.
Aldiscon launched the world's first commercial Short Messaging Services in 1993 using its Telepath SMSC platform in the UK, Hong Kong and USA. By the time of its sale to Logica Plc in 1997, the company supplied over 70 mobile carriers worldwide in technologies including GSM, DCS 1800, UMTS, IS-95 (CDMA), CDMA2000, ANSI-136 (TDMA), Japanese PDC and Motorola's iDEN.
Aldiscon developed the Short Message Peer-to-Peer (SMPP) telecommunications industry protocol for exchanging SMS messages between SMS peer entities such as short message service centres, voice mail systems and distributed telemetry elements. By the late 1990s, the company put the protocol into a non-profit entity called the SMS Forum whose members included both messaging system suppliers and carriers.
Aldiscon founders helped establish several mobile software companies based in the Republic of Ireland and in Northern Ireland, UK. Some include Aldiscon, Apion, Aepona, Ammeon, Accuris Networks and Altion.
Aldiscon originally consisted of three subsidiaries: Aldiscon Telecommunications Software Systems, Ltd. based in Dublin, Ireland; Aldiscon, Inc. based in Dublin, Ohio USA; and Aldiscon Northern Ireland Ltd. based in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

## Acquisition by Logica

Aldiscon was acquired by Logica Plc of London, UK in 1997 for GBP 56.9 million. Logica Plc was a large systems integration firm and it renamed Aldiscon as Logica Mobile Networks. By 2002, Logica Mobile Networks generated USD 400M of Logica's revenue. At the time of the sale, Aldiscon Northern Ireland was spun out into a separate company, Apion Ltd, and retained by the original owners. Logica Mobile Networks was divested from Logica in 2007, with the new company named Acision and Aldiscon founder Larry Quinn returning to chair it.
In October 1999, Phone.com acquired APiON's Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) product division. APiON shareholders received 1.3 million shares in Phone.com valued at approximately £150 million (US$239 million). A new spin off company, AePONA, was created at same time and retained by the original owners.
# Aldisa zavorensis

Aldisa zavorensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cadlinidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in Mozambique.
# Aldus Chapin Higgins

Aldus Chapin Higgins (December 7, 1872 – September 10, 1948) was an American lawyer, inventor, and businessman.

## Early life

Aldus Higgins was born December 7, 1872, in Worcester, Massachusetts to Milton P. Higgins and Katherine Chapin. Milton was a founder of the Norton Company and superintendent of the Washburn Shops. As a teenager, Higgins attended Worcester High School. He attended Worcester Polytechnic Institute and graduated in 1893. For several months afterwards, he worked as a machinist in one of his father's shops, after which he entered the National University Law School in Washington, D.C. At this time, Higgins was appointed assistant examiner in the U.S. Post Office.

## Career

Upon receiving his law degree in 1896, Higgins resigned his job at the post office, returned to Worcester, and was admitted to the Massachusetts Bar. He opened his own practice, specializing in patent law for several years. While doing this, he was in charge of the patent and legal matters of the Norton Companies, which demanded so much time and attention that he retired from the general practice of law and began working exclusively for the Norton companies. In 1901, while managing an electric-furnace plant in New York, Higgins invented a water-cooled electric-furnace in which alundum was made commercially. For this invention, he received the John Scott Medal and Premium Award from the City of Philadelphia in 1913.

## Family

In 1898, Higgins married his first wife, Edgenie Gertrude Brosius. After she died, Higgins married Mary Sprague Green in 1914.

## Later life

In 1921, Higgins commissioned Grosvenor Atterbury to design a house modeled after the Compton Wynyates estate in England. It is an eclectic structure 2+1⁄2 stories in height, with its exterior finished in stucco, brick, and stone. It consists of two roughly rectangular wings, set at right angles to each other and joined by a central octagonal entry. The octagonal tower is crowned by a crenellated battlement. The upper levels are generally finished in half-timbered stucco, in some places decorated by additional foliate carvings. Many of its leaded casement windows are antiques shipped from Europe, and the house's Great Hall has architectural features removed from an Italian monastery. After the death of Mary Higgins, the house was donated to Worcester Polytechnic Institute in 1971, and now houses the Office of Alumni Relations.
Aldus Higgins died September 10, 1948, and was buried in Rural Cemetery in Worcester.
# The Bobby Vinton Show (album)

The Bobby Vinton Show was Bobby Vinton's twenty-seventh studio album and his third studio album for ABC Records. It was released in 1975. It features 13 songs that were sung by Vinton on his half-hour variety show of the same name. The album begins with the show's theme song, an instrumental version of Vinton's huge hit "My Melody of Love"; otherwise the remainder of the tracks are cover versions of popular songs of the 1960s and early 1970s. The series was videotaped in Canada, which is where this album was also recorded. The album was produced by Alan Thicke.
The album appeared on the Billboard 200 on December 27, 1975, staying for seven weeks and reaching a peak position of #161.

## Track listing
### Side A

* The Bobby Vinton Show Theme ("My Melody of Love" - Instrumental) - (Bobby Vinton, Henry Mayer, Georg Buschor) - 0:24
* "Runaway" - (Del Shannon, Max Crook) - 1:55
* "Killing Me Softly With His Song" - (Norman Gimbel, Charles Fox) - 4:01
* "Build Me Up Buttercup" - (Mike d'Abo, Tony Macaulay) - 1:53
* "Help Me Make It Through the Night" - (Kris Kristofferson) - 2:32
* "Bad Bad Leroy Brown" - (Jim Croce) - 2:32
* "The Way We Were" - (Marvin Hamlisch, Alan Bergman, Marilyn Bergman) - 2:43

### Side B

* "Travelin' Band" - (John Fogerty) - 2:10
* "United We Stand" - (Tony Hiller, Peter Simmons) - 2:51
* "(Where Do I Begin) Love Story" - (Francis Lai, Carl Sigman) - 3:39
* "When Will I Be Loved" - (Phil Everly) - 2:01
* "I'm Walkin'" - (Fats Domino, Dave Bartholomew) - 1:37
* "And I Love You So" - (Don McLean) - 3:10

## Personnel

* Studios: Toronto Sound, Sound Labs, Inc. and ABC Recording Studios, Inc.
* Engineers: Terry Brown, John Mills, Howard Gale
* Mastering: The Mastering Lab
* Engineer: Mike Reese
* Cover photo: Shelley Cohl
* Courtesy of Shiral Productions, Ltd.
* Executive producers: Alan Blye and Chris Beard
* Producer: Alan Thicke
* Director: Mike Steele
* Musical director: Jimmy Dale

## Charts

Album - Billboard (North America)
| Year | Chart | Position |
| 1975 | The Billboard 200 | 161 |
# Martin Svoboda

Martin Svoboda may refer to:
* Martin Svoboda (footballer)
* Martin Svoboda (rowing)
# SORBS3

Vinexin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SORBS3 gene.

## Interactions

SORBS3 has been shown to interact with DLG5 and MAPK1.
# SP-255 (São Paulo highway)

SP-255 is a state highway in the state of São Paulo in Brazil.
# SP-245 (São Paulo highway)

SP-245 is a state highway in the state of São Paulo in Brazil.
# Mary Kate Schellhardt

Mary Kate Schellhardt (born November 1, 1978) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Ellen in What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993), and as Barbara Lovell in Ron Howard's Apollo 13 (1995).

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1993 | What's Eating Gilbert Grape | Ellen Grape | |
| 1995 | Apollo 13 | Barbara Lovell | |
| 1995 | Free Willy 2: The Adventure Home | Nadine | |
| 1999 | Out of Courage 2: Out for Vengeance | Gretchen Wilson | Short |
| 2007 | Mr. Blue Sky | Bonnie Tailor | |
| 2008 | Jack Rio | Jamie McNeil / Jill Madison | |
| 2009 | Not Twilight | Bella | Video short |
| 2010 | Infection: The Invasion Begins | Reporter | |
| 2016 | Saturday Scout Club | MK | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1994 | The Untouchables | Sally | "Legacy" |
| 1995 | The Great Mom Swap | Terry Venessi | TV film |
| 2000 | Chicken Soup for the Soul | Katelin | 1 episode |
| 2006 | Scrubs | Carol | "My Extra Mile" |
| 2006 | Windfall | Julia | "Urgent Care", "Priceless" |
| 2007 | House | Female Fellow | "97 Seconds" |
| 2008 | Small Town News | Reggie Blaylock | TV film |
| 2009 | Private Practice | Laurie | "Acceptance" |
| 2012 | Ben and Kate | Woman #2 | "The Trip" |
| 2016 | New Girl | Betsy | "Landing Gear" |
# The Bugs Bunny Cartoon Workshop

The Bugs Bunny Cartoon Workshop is a 1990 video game published by Hi Tech Expressions. Amiga and Macintosh versions were planned but were never released.

## Gameplay

The Bugs Bunny Cartoon Workshop is a computer animation software package for teaching how to create animated videos.

## Reception

Roy Wagner reviewed the program for Computer Gaming World, and said that "for quick and easy animations, The Bugs Bunny Cartoon Workshop is highly recommended (especially for children and beginners). It is possible to actually create some very funny cartoons and just playing with the program's options is very satisfying".

## Reviews

* Compute!
* Intermedia Games—Games Inter Media: Video Games and Intermediality
* Computer Gaming World
# SQ8

SQ8 may refer to:
* SQ8 Snapper, a Reaktor sequencer
* Korg SQ-8, a hardware music sequencer
* Audi SQ8, performance SUV
# SQE

SQE may refer to:
* San Luis de Palenque Airport, Colombia, IATA airport code
* Solicitors Qualifying Examination, the equivalent of the bar examination for solicitors in England and Wales
* Surrey Quays railway station, London, National Rail station code
* Supplier Quality Engineer, derived from SQA which are the SQEs focused on. (The abbreviation SQE is sometimes also incorrectly used as "senior quality engineer". If such rank is important other abbreviation should be used.)
# Maryland Heights Township, St. Louis County, Missouri

Maryland Heights Township is a township in St. Louis County, Missouri.
# Mahanoro

Mahanoro is a rural municipality located in the Atsinanana region of eastern Madagascar, along the coast.
It is located 9 km north of the mouth of the Mangoro River. The Canal des Pangalanes is nearby, and the "Chutes de la Sahatsio" waterfalls are 18 km north of town. Though a small airport is situated on the north side of the town, the location is quite isolated and with limited tourism, though it is reported to have a single hotel.
There is a lighthouse on a cape just south of the town, constructed in 1936, and in poor repair.

## Fokontany

21 fokontany (villages) belong to this municipality: Androhomanasa, Ambohimiarina, Maroahitra, Ambohitsara I, Ambilabe, Ambinanisasika, Bemangahazo, Ambodiriana Lohariana, Tandroroho, Miakara, Androrangambo, Maintimbato, Sahabe, Fiadanana, Vohitromby, Tanambao I, Ambalakininina, Ankadirano, Tanamborozano, Ambalamangahazo and Papagnambo.

## Roads

Only one road leads to Mahanoro: northswards to Toamasina the National road 11a and southwards to Nosy Varika and Mananjary by the National road 11.

## Climate

Climate data for Mahanoro (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 34.9 (94.8) | 34.6 (94.3) | 34.0 (93.2) | 32.6 (90.7) | 34.3 (93.7) | 30.4 (86.7) | 30.3 (86.5) | 29.1 (84.4) | 30.0 (86.0) | 32.0 (89.6) | 33.2 (91.8) | 34.4 (93.9) | 34.9 (94.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.5 (86.9) | 30.4 (86.7) | 29.9 (85.8) | 29.1 (84.4) | 27.4 (81.3) | 25.6 (78.1) | 24.6 (76.3) | 25.1 (77.2) | 26.0 (78.8) | 27.4 (81.3) | 28.8 (83.8) | 30.0 (86.0) | 27.9 (82.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.4 (79.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 23.7 (74.7) | 21.8 (71.2) | 20.7 (69.3) | 21.0 (69.8) | 21.9 (71.4) | 23.5 (74.3) | 25.0 (77.0) | 26.3 (79.3) | 24.1 (75.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.2 (73.8) | 22.9 (73.2) | 21.6 (70.9) | 20.0 (68.0) | 17.9 (64.2) | 16.9 (62.4) | 16.9 (62.4) | 17.7 (63.9) | 19.6 (67.3) | 21.1 (70.0) | 22.5 (72.5) | 20.3 (68.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) | 19.7 (67.5) | 18.7 (65.7) | 16.8 (62.2) | 13.0 (55.4) | 13.5 (56.3) | 11.2 (52.2) | 11.0 (51.8) | 11.9 (53.4) | 13.0 (55.4) | 13.0 (55.4) | 17.4 (63.3) | 11.0 (51.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 284.4 (11.20) | 291.4 (11.47) | 275.9 (10.86) | 171.7 (6.76) | 161.5 (6.36) | 122.5 (4.82) | 124.5 (4.90) | 96.2 (3.79) | 68.2 (2.69) | 91.2 (3.59) | 96.9 (3.81) | 180.3 (7.10) | 1,964.7 (77.35) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 17.9 | 17.8 | 17.5 | 14.3 | 12.9 | 14.0 | 16.0 | 12.5 | 9.0 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 14.0 | 166.5 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||
# 38th SAC-SMB Cebu Sports Awards

The 38th San Miguel Beer (SMB) - Sportswriters Association of Cebu (SAC) Cebu Sports Awards is an annual awarding ceremony that recognized the triumphs and accomplishments of Cebuano sports personalities (athletes, coaches, teams and organizations) in the past three years throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and in the previous editions of the Olympics, Asian Games, and the Southeast Asian Games. The Cebu Sports Awards is the local counterpart of the yearly Philippine Sportswriters Association Annual Awards Night. The awards night is the first edition since the COVID-19 pandemic in the country.
The awarding rites is organized by the Sportswriters Association of Cebu, an organization led by sportswriters and sports columnists from newspapers and online portals based in Cebu such as Sun.Star Cebu, The Freeman and Cebu Daily News Digital led by its president and concurrent Cebu City Sports Commissioner John Pages.
The event was held on May 26, 2024, at the Terraces of Ayala Center Cebu in Cebu City.

## Honor roll
### Main awardees

| Award | Winner | Sport / team / profession / recognition |
| Athlete of the Year | June Mar Fajardo Melvin Jerusalem William John Riley Go | Basketball Boxing Karting |
| Rico Navarro Sportsman of the Year | Rhoel Dejano | Cebu City Sports Commissioner |
| Presidential Awardee | Edward Hayco | Philippine Sports Commission (PSC) Commissioner |
| Orlacsan Award | Jefferson Codera | Basketball |
| Orlacsan Award | Jerry Maratas | Chess |
| Orlacsan Award | Jeah Jing Gacang | Chess |
| Orlacsan Award | Jessica Jawad-Honoridez | Table Tennis |
| Posthumous Award | Rico Navarro | Basketball |
| Posthumous Award | George Bragat | Basketball |
| Posthumous Award | Ricky Ballesteros | Marathon |
| Posthumous Award | Raffy Uytierpo | Marathon/Running |
| Posthumous Award | Dionisio Cañete | Arnis |
| Major Awardees | June Mar Fajardo | Basketball |
| Major Awardees | Melvin Jerusalem | Boxing |
| Major Awardees | Trixie Lofranco | Arnis |
| Major Awardees | Dexler Bolambao | Arnis |
| Major Awardees | Ella Alcoseba | Arnis |
| Major Awardees | Rubilen Amit | Billiards |
| Major Awardees | Junia Gabasa | Golf |
| Major Awardees | Angelo Marquez | Dancesport |
| Major Awardees | Polaris Esports | Esports (Dota 2) |
| Major Awardees | Eliecha Zoe Malilay | Jiu-Jitsu |
| Major Awardees | Ellise Xoe Malilay | Jiu-Jitsu |
| Major Awardees | Angel Sanchez | Jiu-Jitsu |
| Major Awardees | Jared Tan | Jiu-Jitsu |
| Major Awardees | William John Riley Go | Karting |
| Major Awardees | Margielyn Didal | Skateboarding |
| Major Awardees | Aidaine Laxa | Taekwondo (Poomsae) |
| Major Awardees | Matthew Hermosa | Triathlon |
| Major Awardees | Elreen Ando | Weightlifting |
| Major Awardees | Ronil Tubog | Wrestling |
142 athletes and teams will also be given special citations from the awards night.
# Steve Thompson (defensive tackle, born 1965)

Steven Kenneth Thompson (June 24, 1965 – February 15, 2016) was an American professional football defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins. He played college football at the University of Minnesota.
# Miconia hirsutivena

Miconia hirsutivena is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
# Sah, Yemen

Sah is a village in eastern Yemen. It is located in the Hadhramaut Governorate.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Pathein

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Pathein (Lat: Diocesis Patheinensis) is a diocese of the Latin Church of the Roman Catholic Church in Burma. It is headquartered in the city of Pathein.

## History

The diocese was erected as the diocese of Bassein in 1955, from the vicariate apostolic of Rangoon, which eventually became the Archdiocese of Yangon. In 1991, the name of the diocese was changed to the diocese of Pathein. The diocese is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Yangon.

## Ordinaries

* George Maung Kyaw (1 Jan 1955 Appointed - 1968 Died)
* Joseph Mahn Erie (16 Feb 1968 Appointed - 3 Jun 1982 Resigned)
* Joseph Valerius Sequeri (24 Jan 1986 Appointed - 22 Feb 1992 Retired)
* John Gabriel (22 Feb 1992 Succeeded - 16 Aug 1994 Died)
* Charles Maung Bo, S.D.B. (13 Mar 1996 Appointed - 24 May 2003 Appointed, Archbishop of Yangon)
* John Hsane Hgyi (24 May 2003 Appointed - 22 Jul 2021 Died)
* Henry Eikhlein (31 May 2023 – present)
# Mahankali Seetharama Rao

Mahankali Seetharama Rao (1906–1977) was an Indian physician best remembered for his services as chief physician to Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and honorary physician to Indian President Rajendra Prasad.
Born to a poor family, Rao completed his secondary schooling at Muthialpet Boys School in Chennai whereupon he matriculated to Madras Medical College. He qualified for his MBBS in 1929 and was admitted as a Member of the Royal College of Physicians a few years later. Rao received his first commission to the Indian Army in 1936, and served during World War II as a medical specialist in India’s Persia-Iraq force.
In 1954, Rao left the military to serve as Head of Medicine at New Delhi’s Safdarjang Hospital while also acting as a faculty of Medicine at the University of Delhi. From 1952-1964 he was personal physician to Prime Minister Nehru and Honorary Physician to the President of India from 1962.
In 1962, Col. Rao was awarded India's Padma Bhushan award for distinguished service in the field of medicine. In 1964, he relocated to London after being appointed medical adviser to Britain’s High Commissioner for India. The following year he was awarded Fellowship in the Royal College of Physicians.
He later returned to New Delhi upon retirement, where he provided free medical services to the needy until his death.
# Sterculia africana

Sterculia africana or African star-chestnut is a deciduous tree, belonging to the genus Sterculia and the family Malvaceae (previously the Sterculiaceae, now relegated to a subfamily). The species is sometimes called the "mopopaja tree". It is distributed throughout Northeast Africa to Arabia.

## Description

Sterculia africana is a deciduous tree that grows up to 8m tall, it is monoecious, with a single trunk and rounded crown. S.africana has smooth and flaking bark that is grey or pinkish brown. The leaves alternate, crowded at the ends of branches, orbicular, 8–15 cm long x 8–15 cm across. Leaves are 3-5 lobed and covered in stellate hairs. Flowers appear before the leaves 1.5–2 cm across, in axillary panicles. Flowers are unisexual with both sexes being found on the same tree. They have no petals, but the calyx is coloured and functions as a corolla. In the male flowers the numerous anthers are fused together to form a column. The fruits consist of 3-5 spreading, ovoid lobes which split at maturity and are covered with dense golden hairs. The inside surface of the lobes contain small stinging hairs.
Stercula africana sheds its leaves during the dry season and comes into flower before the leaves reappear at the start of the monsoon. Small quantities of resin ooze from the bark of the trunk and larger branches.

## Distribution and habitat

Sterculia africana has been recorded in southeastern Egypt, Eastern Sudan, Ethiopia, Djibouti, northern Somalia, southern Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi, eastern Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and Namibia's Caprivi Strip. No subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life. Variety socotrana is endemic to the island of Socotra.
Sterculia africana grows in dry woodlands on limestone escarpments and the sides of wadis usually at elevations of below 600m.

## Uses

Resin was traditionally used as a washing agent in Arabia. The hardened resin was mixed with water or spittle and then rubbed over the body. It was also a treatment to treat head lice. It is an important fodder and the wood was used to make fishing platforms.

## Threats

The current population is stable however as it is an important fodder for cattle, if the livestock populations increase, the tree would come under increasing threat.