# Timeline of British history (1000–1499)

This article presents a timeline of events in British history from 1000 AD until 1499 AD.

## 11th century

* 1016 Death of Edmund Ironside, Cnut accedes to the English throne
* 1034 Death of King Malcolm II of Scotland, Duncan I of Scotland accedes to the Scottish throne
* 1035 Death of Cnut, Harold Harefoot became regent of England for 2 years before becoming king of England in 1037
* 1040 Death of Duncan I, Macbeth accedes to the Scottish throne
* 1040 Death of Harold Harefoot, his brother Harthacnut accedes to the English throne
* 1042 Death of Harthacnut, Edward the Confessor accedes to the English throne
* 1057 Death of Macbeth, Lulach accedes to the Scottish throne
* 1058 Death of Lulach, Malcolm III accedes to the Scottish throne
* 1066 Death of Edward the Confessor in January, Harold II accedes to the English throne. Norman invasion and conquest of England, Harold II is killed and William the Conqueror becomes King of England
* 1078 Work commenced on Tintern Abbey
* 1086 Work commences on the Domesday Book
* 1087 Death of William the Conqueror
* 1093 Death of Malcolm III of Scotland in battle against the English
* 1100 Death of William II, Henry I accedes to the throne of England
* 1100 White Tower (Tower of London) completed

## 12th century

* 1135 Death of Henry I, accession of King Stephen to English throne
* 1137 Beginning of a civil war between King Stephen and the Empress Matilda over the succession to the English throne; accession of Owain Gwynedd, the first Welsh ruler to style himself prince of Wales
* 1154 Death of King Stephen, accession of Henry II to the English throne
* 1164 Constitutions of Clarendon, a set of laws which governs the trial of members of the Church in England
* 1170 Assassination of Thomas Becket; death of Owain Gwynedd, prince of Wales
* 1189 Death of Henry II, Richard I accedes to the English throne.
* 1192 Richard is captured by Duke Leopold of Austria whilst returning from the Crusades
* 1194 Richard is ransomed and returns to England; accession of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth to the throne of Gwynedd
* 1199 Death of Richard I, King John accedes to the English throne

## 13th century

* 1209 King John excommunicated by Pope Innocent III
* 1212 Great Fire of 1212 began in July in Southwark, London
* 1215 Magna Carta is agreed by King John at Runnymede
* 1216 Death of King John, Henry III succeeds to the throne of England
* 1237 Border between Scotland and England by the Treaty of York
* 1240 Death of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, prince of Wales; Dafydd ap Llywelyn succeeds to the throne of Gwynedd
* 1246 Death of Dafydd ap Llywelyn; Llywelyn ap Gruffudd succeeds to the throne of Gwynedd (he does not claim the title of prince of Wales until 1258)
* 1249 Death of Alexander II, king of Scots; Alexander III succeeds to the throne of Scotland
* 1263 Battle of Largs, an inconclusive battle fought between Haakon IV of Norway and the Scots
* 1264 Simon de Montfort leads rebel English barons to defeat Henry III at the Battle of Lewes
* 1265 Simon de Montfort was defeated at the Battle of Evesham, 5,000 men died in Greenhill and the streets of Evesham on 4 August 1265 Henry III at the Battle of Evesham
* 1266 Scotland and Norway sign the Treaty of Perth under which Scottish control of the Western Isles is acknowledged
* 1267 Henry III of England recognises the authority of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd in Wales
* 1272 Death of Henry III, Edward I succeeds to the English throne
* 1277 England annexes Wales, a state of affairs which lasted until 1283
* 1279 The first Statutes of Mortmain was passed
* 1282 Death of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, prince of Wales; Dafydd ap Gruffydd succeeds to the throne of Gwynedd
* 1283 Death of Dafydd ap Gruffydd; English conquest of Wales
* 1287 Revolt of Rhys ap Maredudd in Wales
* 1290 The second Statutes of Mortmain was passed (also known as Quia Emptores)
* 1294 Welsh revolt of 1294–95 of Madog ap Llywelyn in Wales
* 1297 William Wallace and the Scots defeat the English at the Battle of Stirling Bridge

## 14th century

* 1305 Capture and execution of Scottish resistance fighter William Wallace by the English on a charge of treason
* 1306 Robert the Bruce kills John Comyn III of Badenoch and is crowned King of Scotland
* 1307 Death of Edward I, Edward II accedes to the English throne
* 1314 Decisive victory for Scotland over England at the Battle of Bannockburn
* 1316 Revolt of Llywelyn Bren in south Wales
* 1322 Edward II defeats a rebellious baronial faction at Battle of Boroughbridge
* 1327 Edward III usurps the English throne in January, Edward II is killed in September
* 1328 England recognises Scotland's independence in the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton
* 1338 Edward III claims the throne of France, initiating the Hundred Years' War
* 1348 The Black Death first arrives in England and ultimately kills c. one third of the population
* 1356 Battle of Poitiers
* 1377 Death of Edward III, his grandson Richard II accedes to the English throne
* 1381 Peasants' Revolt, began in May and ended in November
* 1392 Statute of Praemunire was enacted
* 1399 Henry Bolingbroke usurps the English throne becoming Henry IV

## 15th century

* 1413 – Henry IV dies and is succeeded by his son, Henry V
* 1415 – Henry V is welcomed back to England after a major victory at the Battle of Agincourt, France
* 1422 – Henry V dies and is succeeded by his son, Henry VI
* 1471 – Henry VI is murdered and Edward IV is restored to the English throne
* 1453 – Hundred Years' War ended
* 1455 – Wars of the Roses began in May
* 1483 – Death of Edward IV, Edward V accedes to the throne
* 1485 – The Battle of Bosworth Field on 22 August ends the Yorkist reign of Richard III and ushers in Tudor reign, with the reign of Henry VII
* 1487 – The Battle of Stoke Field is fought between Henry VII and Lambert Simnel a Yorkist claimant to the throne. It is the last battle of the Wars of the Roses