OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kau Yeuk (Sha Tin)

The Nine Alliances of Lek Yuen or Kau Yeuk (Chinese: 九約; lit. 'Alliance of Nine') was a regional organization of various groups in Sha Tin Valley, Hong Kong.

## Alliances

The nine groups were:
* Tai Wai Yeuk (大圍約): Chik Chuen Wai (積存圍)
* Tin Sam Yeuk (田心約): Tin Sam Wai (田心圍), San Tin (新田)
* Keng Hau Yeuk (徑口約): Sheung Keng Hau (上徑口), Ha Keng Hau (下徑口), Hin Tin (顯田)
* Pai Tau Yeuk (排頭約): Pai Tau (排頭), Sheung Wo Che (上禾輋), Ha Wo Che (下禾輋), Tung Lo Wan (銅鑼灣)
* Kak Tin Yeuk (隔田約): Kak Tin (隔田), Shan Ha Wai (山廈圍)
* Fo Tan Yeuk (火炭約): Fo Tan (火炭), Pat Tsz Wo (拔子窩), Lok Lo Ha (落路下), Ho Lek Pui (河瀝背), Kau To (九肚), Shek Lau Tung (石榴洞), Shan Mei (山尾), Wong Chuk Yeung (黃竹洋), Cheung Lek Mei (長瀝尾), Au Pui Wan (凹背灣), Kwai Tei (龜地), Wo Liu Hang (禾寮坑), Chek Nai Ping (赤泥坪), Ma Niu (馬料)
* Sha Tin Tau Yeuk (沙田頭約): Sha Tin Tau (沙田頭), Tsok Pok Hang (作壆坑)
* Sha Tin Wai Yeuk (沙田圍約): Sha Tin Wai (沙田圍), To Shek (多石), Fui Yiu Ha (灰窰下), Mau Tat (茅笪), Yuen Chau Kok (圓洲角), Wong Uk (王屋), Tse Uk (謝屋)
* Siu Lek Yuen Yeuk (小瀝源約): Siu Lek Yuen (小瀝源), Chap Wai Kon (插桅杆), Shap Yi Wat (十二笏), Ngau Pei Sha (牛皮沙), Tai Lam Liu (大藍寮), Shek Kwu Lung (石古壟), Wong Nai Tau (黃泥頭), Kwun Yam Shan (觀音山), Fu Yung Pit (芙蓉別), Mau Tso Ngam (茂草岩), Lo Shue Tin (老鼠田), Nam Shan (南山), Fa Sam Hang (花心坑), Mui Tsz Lam (梅子林)

## History

The Che Kung Temple near San Tin Wai village in the Tai Wai area was built and initially managed by Tin Sam village. The village lost its managerial rights in the late 19th century as a consequence of a dispute against the Kau Yeuk that was settled in a lawsuit at the yamen.
The Kau Yeuk had provided evidence that it made significant contributions to the renovation of the temple. The Kau Yeuk could prove its case by referring to the rhymed couplets that were inscribed on both sides of the main entrance and that bore its name.
The temple was subsequently jointly managed by nine villages of Sha Tin, while Tin Sam Village continued to enjoy some privileges in the worship of Che Kung. Since 1936, the temple has been administered by the Chinese Temples Committee.
# Logan Township, Wayne County, Missouri

Logan Township is an inactive township in Wayne County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Logan Township has the name of the local Logan family.
# Rajendra Nath (soldier)

Major General Rajendra Nath PVSM (born 1925) is a retired Indian Army officer.

## Military career

Nath graduated from the Indian Military Academy and was the commissioned into the 11th Gorkha Rifles in 1947. In 1952, he served in the Military Intelligence Directorate in New Delhi. He volunteered to lead a reconnaissance team into Aksai Chin. The team was selected by Nath and included a military engineer, doctor and fifteen men. Interpreters and linguists were attached. They also carried with them gifts for distribution such as sweets, kerosene oil, sugar and medicines. Animals such as ponies were taken to carry supplies. The reconnaissance team started on 5 October and according to media reports trekked across Chang La, Marsmik La, Chang Chenmo River valley ending the mission at Lanak La. They returned on 15 November. The findings of the reconnaissance remain a secret till date.
During the 1971 war, Nath was in charge of the 62 Mountain Brigade. Men under Major General Mohammad Hussain Ansari of 9 Pakistan Division surrendered to the Nath.
From 1959-61 he got the opportunity to attend a course at the Canadian Army Staff College. He taught at Defence Services Staff College in Wellington Cantonment, from 1965-68. He was also commander of an infantry division in Jammu and Kashmir. He later served as Commandant of the Indian Military Academy in 1979-80.
He retired in 1982.

## Later career

Nath has been associated with the Institute for the Blind in Chandigarh since 1982. He has been awarded for his social work, including a Haryana Ratan in 2005.
   Since the days of Mahabharata, we've been fighting more among ourselves than against outsiders. That needs to change.
Major General Rajendra Nath

## Publications

Books
* 1990: Military Leadership in India: Vedic Period to Indo-Pak Wars. Lancer Books. ISBN 9788170950189
* 2009: Flash Points in South Asia. (With Kuldip Ludra). ISBN 9788170951179
* 2016: Strategic Ladakh: A Historical Narrative 1951-53 and a Military Perspective. Vij Books. ISBN 9789385563492
Essays
* Gulf War and Security of South Asia (January - March 1989) USI Journal.
* Indian XI Corps and Battle of Asal Uttar 1965. Indian Military History.
# List of RPM number-one dance singles of 1991

These are the RPM magazine Dance number one hits of 1991.

## Chart history

| Issue date | Song | Artist |
| January 19 | "Wiggle It" | 2 in a Room |
| January 26 | "Wiggle It" | 2 in a Room |
| February 2 | "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" | C+C Music Factory |
| February 9 | "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" | C+C Music Factory |
| February 16 | "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" | C+C Music Factory |
| February 23 | "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" | C+C Music Factory |
| March 3 | "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" | C+C Music Factory |
| March 9 | "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" | C+C Music Factory |
| March 16 | "Sadeness (Part I) | Enigma |
| March 23 | "Sadeness (Part I) | Enigma |
| March 30 | "Mary Had a Little Boy" | Snap! |
| April 6 | "Mary Had a Little Boy" | Snap! |
| April 13 | "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" | C+C Music Factory |
| April 20 | "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" | C+C Music Factory |
| April 27 | "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" | C+C Music Factory |
| May 4 | "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" | C+C Music Factory |
| May 11 | "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" | C+C Music Factory |
| May 18 | "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" | C+C Music Factory |
| May 25 | "Strike It Up" | Black Box |
| June 1 | "Strike It Up" | Black Box |
| June 8 | "Mea Culpa (Part II)" | Enigma |
| June 15 | "Mea Culpa (Part II)" | Enigma |
| June 22 | "Strike It Up" | Black Box |
| June 29 | "People Are Still Having Sex" | LaTour |
| July 6 | "People Are Still Having Sex" | LaTour |
| July 13 | "Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)" | Crystal Waters |
| July 20 | "Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)" | Crystal Waters |
| July 27 | "Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)" | Crystal Waters |
| August 3 | "This Beat is Hot" | B.G., the Prince of Rap |
| August 10 | "This Beat is Hot" | B.G., the Prince of Rap |
| August 17 | "This Beat is Hot" | B.G., the Prince of Rap |
| August 24 | "Let the Beat Hit 'Em" | Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam |
| August 31 | "Things That Make You Go Hmmm..." | C+C Music Factory |
| September 7 | "Things That Make You Go Hmmm..." | C+C Music Factory |
| September 14 | "Now That We Found Love" | Heavy D & the Boyz |
| September 21 | "Now That We Found Love" | Heavy D & the Boyz |
| September 28 | "Now That We Found Love" | Heavy D & the Boyz |
| October 5 | "3 a.m. Eternal" | The KLF |
| October 12 | "Now That We Found Love" | Heavy D & the Boyz |
| October 19 | "Things That Make You Go Hmmm..." | C+C Music Factory |
| October 26 | "Things That Make You Go Hmmm..." | C+C Music Factory |
| November 2 | "Makin' Happy" | Crystal Waters |
| November 9 | "Running Back to You" | Vanessa Williams |
| November 16 | "Finally" | CeCe Peniston |
| November 23 | "Finally" | CeCe Peniston |
| November 30 | "Set Adrift on Memory Bliss" | P.M. Dawn |
| December 7 | "Set Adrift on Memory Bliss" | P.M. Dawn |
| December 14 | "Set Adrift on Memory Bliss" | P.M. Dawn |
| December 21 | "Set Adrift on Memory Bliss" | P.M. Dawn |
| December 28 | "Black or White" | Michael Jackson |
# List of RPM number-one dance singles of 1994

These are the RPM magazine Dance number one hits of 1994.

## Chart history

| Issue date | Song | Artist |
| January 10 | "Dreams" | Gabrielle |
| January 17 | "Give It Up" | The Goodmen |
| January 24 | "Got to Get It" | Culture Beat |
| January 31 | "Life" | Haddaway |
| February 7 | "Life" | Haddaway |
| February 14 | "Life" | Haddaway |
| February 21 | "I Love Music" | Rozalla |
| February 28 | "I Love Music" | Rozalla |
| March 7 | "I Love Music" | Rozalla |
| March 14 | "Been a Long Time" | The Fog |
| March 21 | "Another Night" | M.C. Sar & The Real McCoy |
| March 28 | "Another Night" | M.C. Sar & The Real McCoy |
| April 4 | "Another Night" | M.C. Sar & The Real McCoy |
| April 11 | "The Sign" | Ace of Base |
| April 18 | "The Sign" | Ace of Base |
| April 25 | "What's Up" | Minnesota |
| May 2 | "I Like to Move It" | Reel 2 Real |
| May 9 | "I Like to Move It" | Reel 2 Real |
| May 16 | "I Like to Move It" | Reel 2 Real |
| May 23 | "Joy" | Staxx of Joy |
| May 30 | "Joy" | Staxx of Joy |
| June 6 | "I Like to Move It" | Reel 2 Real |
| June 13 | "Hey Everybody" | DJ Company |
| June 20 | "Hey Everybody" | DJ Company |
| June 27 | "Moving on Up" | M People |
| July 4 | "Moving on Up" | M People |
| July 11 | "Moving on Up" | M People |
| July 18 | "Moving on Up" | M People |
| July 25 | "Moving on Up" | M People |
| August 1 | "Moving on Up" | M People |
| August 8 | "The Color of My Dreams" | B.G., the Prince of Rap |
| August 15 | "The Color of My Dreams" | B.G., the Prince of Rap |
| August 22 | "The Color of My Dreams" | B.G., the Prince of Rap |
| August 29 | "The Color of My Dreams" | B.G., the Prince of Rap |
| September 5 | "Tree Frog" | Hope |
| September 12 | "Right in the Night" | Jam & Spoon |
| September 19 | "Running Up That Hill" | Elastic Band |
| September 26 | "Go On Move" | Reel 2 Real |
| October 3 | "Do You Wanna Get Funky" | C+C Music Factory |
| October 10 | "Do You Wanna Get Funky" | C+C Music Factory |
| October 17 | "Do You Wanna Get Funky" | C+C Music Factory |
| October 24 | "Do You Wanna Get Funky" | C+C Music Factory |
| October 31 | "Sweet Dreams" | La Bouche |
| November 7 | "Sweet Dreams" | La Bouche |
| November 14 | "Saturday Night" | Whigfield |
| November 21 | "Saturday Night" | Whigfield |
| November 28 | "Eighteen Strings" | Tinman |
| December 5 | "Eighteen Strings" | Tinman |
| December 12 | "Close to You" | Fun Factory |
| December 19 | "Close to You" | Fun Factory |
# Proper plantar digital arteries

The proper plantar digital arteries are arteries of the foot.
# Pronocephalidae

Pronocephalidae is a family of trematodes belonging to the order Plagiorchiida.

## Genera

Genera:
* Adenogaster Looss, 1901
* Astrochis Poche, 1925
* Buckarootrema Platt & Brooks, 2001
# Sokamuturra

Sokamuturra (from Basque soka, meaning rope and mutur, meaning snout, also known in Spanish as toro ensogado and in English as bull herding), is a form of Basque taurine entertainment where a bull is placed in the street tied to a long rope to limit how far along it can go. People then touch the bull and run around it, typically in order to provoke it into chasing them. The bull often has its horn tips covered. The rope is typically 60-70m long.
# Soman (band)

Soman is a power noise/techno act from Germany. They have had several hits in the Deutsche Alternative Charts.

## Biography

Originally, Kolja Trelle worked as sound engineer with Absurd Minds, Hocico, and Terminal Choice, and remixed songs by VNV Nation, Rotersand, and Tom Wax. Trelle signed a record deal with Out of Line for his musical project Soman. Soman's debut album, Sound Pressure, was released in 2003.
In 2005, he released the single "Unleashed", which charted at number one on the Deutsche Alternative Charts (DAC).
His second album, Mask, was released in 2007 by Infacted Recordings in Europe and was licensed to COP International for a North American release. The following year saw the release of his third album, Re:Up, on Infacted and COP International.
Soman's debut album was reissued, with bonus tracks, via Infacted Recording for Europe in 2008 and Metropolis Records for America in 2009, under the title of Sound Pressure 2.0.
For live appearances, Soman supported VNV Nation on their Matter + Form tour in 2005, as played at WGT and M'era Luna Festival in 2006. In August 2007, he appeared at the Infest Festival in Bradford, England. He has worked with alternative artist Lahannya.

## Discography

* Sound Pressure (2003)
* Revenge (EP, 2004)
* Unleash (Single, 2005)
* Mask (2007)
* Re:Up (2008)
* Noistyle (2010)
* Nox (2019)
* Global (2020)
* Vision (2022)
# Kit Premier League Division II

Division II is the fourth level division tournament organized by the Football Federation of Sri Lanka.
# Somatochlora meridionalis

Somatochlora meridionalis, the Balkan emerald, is a species of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. It occurs in southeastern Europe from France to the Czech Republic to Turkey. It is found at narrow, shallow, shaded streams.
* male
* close-up of head and thorax
# Providence Township, Lucas County, Ohio

Providence Township is one of the eleven townships of Lucas County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 3,378 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the far southern part of the county along the Maumee River, it borders the following townships:
* Swanton Township - north
* Waterville Township - northeast
* Washington Township, Wood County - southeast
* Grand Rapids Township, Wood County - south
* Damascus Township, Henry County - southwest corner
* Washington Township, Henry County - west
* Swan Creek Township, Fulton County - northwest
No municipalities are located in Providence Township, although the unincorporated communities of Neapolis and Providence lie in the township's northwest and south respectively.

## Name and history

Providence Township was organized in 1836. It is the only Providence Township statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Sokoro

Sokoro is a town near the northwestern extremity of Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Minignan Department in Folon Region, Denguélé District. The town is situated near the border with Mali, south of the neighboring Yanfolila Cercle. One kilometre northwest of town is a border crossing.
Sokoro was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1126 communes nationwide that were abolished.
In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Sokoro was 6,704.

## Villages

The 6 villages of the sub-prefecture of Sokoro and their population in 2014 are:
* Djirila Bada (450)
* Keningouara (237)
* Madina (1 915)
* Nabagala (1 277)
* Sokoro (2 266)
* Tiemba (559)
# Ko San

Ko San (born October 19, 1976) is CEO and founder of TIDE Institute and ATEAM Ventures.

## Biography

Ko, San was born in Busan, South Korea.
A graduate of Hanyoung Foreign Language High School, Ko studied mathematics and cognitive science at Seoul National University. He won a bronze medal at a national amateur boxing tournament in 2004 and climbed a 7,546-meter high mountain in China's Xinjiang Province, Muztagh Ata, the same year. After graduating at Seoul National University, he started working at Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology as a researcher. His research topic was computer vision.
On December 25, 2006, he was chosen as one of two finalists in the Korean Astronaut Program, set to fly as a crew on the Russian Soyuz TMA-12 in April 2008. On September 5, 2007, the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology chose Ko San over Yi So-Yeon based on performance in tests during training in Russia. However, on March 10, 2008, this decision was reversed, after the Russian Federal Space Agency asked for a replacement because Ko apparently violated security protocol for maintaining secret information twice at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
After returning from Russia he continued working at Korea Aerospace Research Institute.
He started studying public policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in 2010. Now he is taking a leave of absence from the John F. Kennedy School of Government to run an NGO, TIDE Institute, which he founded in February 2011. In April 2013 he opened Fab Lab Seoul, a public open space where tools for digital fabrication such as 3D printers, CNCs and laser cutters are available for startups and makers.
# Songs for the Road

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AbsolutePunk.net | 83% link |
| allgigs.co.uk | link |
| The Sunday Times | link |
Songs for the Road is the second solo album by singer-songwriter David Ford, released as a digital download in August 2007. The physical release was released on October 15, 2007. A charts website listed "Decimate" as a chart-topper in Croatia, but has been debated as the single was never released as a single in that country, and may have been a radio-voting chart instead. Ford released his version of The Smiths' "There Is a Light That Never Goes Out" as a bonus track.

## Track listing

All songs written by David Ford.
* Go to Hell
* Decimate
* I'm Alright Now
* Song For The Road
* Train
* St. Peter
* Nobody Tells Me What To Do
* Requiem
* ...And So You Fell
* There Is A Light (Hidden Track)
* Shame, Not Regret (Hidden Track)
# Songs for the Rioters

Songs for the Rioters (Korean: 청년폭도맹진가; RR: Cheongnyeonpokdomaengjinga) is the debut studio album by South Korean punk rock band No Brain. The album was released on 7 July 2000. The album was considered by many media as the best album in the history of Korean punk rock.

## Background

No Brain was formed in 1996 at the live club Drug and they gained their popularity by performing at numerous live clubs in Hongdae in the late 1990s. They created their own label Moonhwa Sagidan, and released an EP Youth 98 (청춘 98) in 1998. They took a short break after the EP's release, as Cha Seung-woo joined the military, and produced their first studio album.

## Critical reception

Han Yooseon of IZM reviewed "With music created by fusion of various sounds, No Brain shows the possibility of rock music that can be somewhat flexible while expanding their musical range." Music Y's Jeonjainhyeong said, "The provocation of rhythm guitar, built on the solid foundation of the album's blues, is praised not only for attitude but also for music.," and the album ranked No. 10 on webzine's Best 100 album.
# Projective set (disambiguation)

Projective Set may refer to:
* A set in the Projective hierarchy, a sequence of subsets of a Polish space in descriptive set theory
* Projective Set (game), a 2-dimensional analogue of the award-winning 1991 card game Set
# List of Tatung F.C. players

This is a list of footballers who have played for Tatung F.C. It is a tradition in Tatung that new players do not replace old players' shirt numbers in honor of the club founders.
| No. | Name | Chinese name | Position | Tatung career |
| 101 | Liao Hung-chih | 廖洪趾 | GK | ?-present |
| 126 | Wu Chun-i | 吳俊益 | MF | ?-present |
| 133 | Wang Shyh-kuen | 王世坤 | GK | ?-present |
| 137 | Hsu Chia-cheng | 許家承 | FW | ?–2008 |
| 147 | Chen Chung-tzu | 陳重志 | MF | |
| 153 | Lin Kuei-pin | 林貴彬 | MF | |
| 155 | Chen Jeng-i | 陳正一 | DF | ?–2008 |
| 158 | Tsai Hsien-tang | 蔡憲棠 | DF | ?-present |
| 159 | Ju Wen-bin | 朱文彬 | DF | ?–2008 |
| 160 | Kao Hao-chieh | 高豪傑 | DF | 2000–present |
| 163 | Chuang Wei-lun | 莊偉倫 | FW | 2003–present |
| 164 | Sheu Chinq-maw | 許慶茂 | DF | |
| 165 | Hung Chin-hwai | 洪慶懷 | DF | |
| 166 | Chang Chih-chung | 張志忠 | DF | |
| 168 | Chen Po-han | 陳柏翰 | MF | ?–2008 |
| 169 | Lin Hsin-yu | 林信宇 | FW | ?–2008 |
| 170 | Hou Sheng-chung | 侯勝鐘 | MF | ?-2008 |
| 171 | Huang Wei-yi | 黃瑋儀 | FW | 2005–present |
| 172 | Chuang Yao-tsung | 莊耀宗 | FW | ?–present |
| 173 | Chung Kuang-tien | 鍾光田 | GK | 2006–present |
| 174 | Chang Wu-yeh | 張武業 | DF | 2007–2008 |
| 175 | Yu Chih-hung | 游志宏 | DF | 2007–2008 |
| 176 | Hsu Che-hao | 許哲豪 | MF | 2007–present |
| 177 | Hsu Jen-feng | 許人丰 | GK | 2007–present |
| 178 | Chang Fu-hsiang | 張福祥 | MF | 2007–present |
| 179 | Tseng Tai-lin | 曾台霖 | MF | 2007–2008 |
| 180 | Chang Yung-hsien | 張永憲 | DF | 2008–present |
| 181 | Chen Bing-shin | 陳炳鑫 | MF | 2008–present |
| 182 | Lin Tsung-jen | 林聰仁 | MF | 2008–present |
| 183 | Huang Jui-hao | 黃瑞浩 | MF | 2008 |
| 184 | Wang Chih-sheng | 王志聖 | DF | 2008–present |
| 185 | Lin Che-ming | 林哲民 | DF | 2008–present |
| 186 | Chang Han | 張涵 | FW | 2009–present |
| 187 | Lin Chi-fu | 林吉福 | MF | 2009–present |
| 188 | Hsueh Ming-wen | 薛銘文 | | 2009–present |
# 2017–18 Coupe de la Ligue

The 2017–18 Coupe de la Ligue was the 24th edition of the French league cup competition. The winners of the league cup earned a place in the 2018–19 Europa League starting in the second qualifying round. Forty-four clubs participated in the competition.
Paris Saint-Germain were the four-time defending champions after winning the cup in the previous four seasons, and they won a fifth consecutive title and eighth title overall by defeating Monaco 3–0 in the final.

## First round

Eleven first round matches were played on 8 August 2017. The twelfth scheduled match was awarded to Nancy as a walkover after Bastia had their professional status removed by the FFF, and thereby did not qualify to participate according to the rules of the competition.

## Second round

Six second round matches were played between the first round winners on 22 August 2017.

## Third round

The draw for the third round matches was held on 20 September 2017. Two matches were played on 24 October 2017 and eight matches were played on 25 October 2017.

### Notes

* ^ Location of match reversed after original draw.

## Round of 16

The draw for the Round of 16 matches was held on 8 November 2017.

## Quarter-finals

The draw for the quarter-final matches was held on 13 December 2017.

## Semi-finals

The draw for the semi-final matches was held on 10 January 2018.

## Final

The final was held on 31 March 2018 at the Nouveau Stade de Bordeaux.
# Psathyrella

Psathyrella is a large genus of about 400 species, and is similar to the genera Coprinellus, Coprinopsis, Coprinus and Panaeolus, usually with a thin cap and white or yellowish white hollow stem. The caps do not self digest as do those of Coprinellus and Coprinopsis. Some also have brown spores rather than black. These fungi are often drab-colored, difficult to identify, and all members are considered inedible or worthless (for eating) and so they are often overlooked. However they are quite common and can occur at times when there are few other mushrooms to be seen. The first report of a gilled mushroom fruiting underwater is Psathyrella aquatica.
The genus name Psathyrella is a diminutive form of Psathyra, derived from the Greek word ψαθυρος, psathuros 'friable'. The type species of Psathyrella is Psathyrella gracilis, which is now known as Psathyrella corrugis.

## Characteristics

In order to identify the species it may be necessary to take into account the presence and nature of any veil remnants on cap (which may only be visible on very young fruiting bodies), the colour of young fruiting bodies, which is often more vivid than with older ones, whether the cap is hygrophanous (it can well be a translucent brown or ochre colour in a humid state but a pure opaque white on drying out), and the spore size and the presence and nature of cheilocystidia, pleurocystidia and caulocystidia, distinctive sterile cells on the gill face, gill edge and stipe respectively. All Psathyrella species are unusually fragile, and both the cap and stem break with very little effort. Unlike most agarics, the caps of Psathyrella species easily break into triangular shaped pieces.

## Selected species

For complete list see List of Psathyrella species
* Psathyrella ammophila (dune brittlestem)
* Psathyrella aquatica
* Psathyrella bipellis
* Psathyrella candolleana (pale brittlestem)
* Psathyrella corrugis (red edge brittlestem) (type sp., older synonym of Psathyrella gracilis)
* Psathyrella piluliformis / Psathyrella hydrophila (common stump brittlestem)