OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert D. Richardson

Robert Dale Richardson III (June 14, 1934 – June 16, 2020) was an American historian and biographer.

## Early life

Richardson was born in Milwaukee and brought up in Medford, Massachusetts, and Concord, Massachusetts. He graduated from Exeter, in 1952, and from Harvard University, with a PhD.

## Career

He taught at the University of Denver, Harvard University, Yale University, the University of Colorado, Queens College, City University of New York, Sichuan University, Wesleyan University, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Richardson was known for his biographies of Henry Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and William James. Emerson: The Mind on Fire won the Francis Parkman Prize in 1996, and William James: In the Maelstrom of American Modernism won the Bancroft Prize in 2007.
In the first half of his career, he published as Robert D. Richardson, Jr. Later, he dropped the "Jr."

## Personal life and death

Richardson was first married to Elizabeth Hall; they had two daughters.
He married Annie Dillard in 1988, after she wrote him a fan letter about Henry Thoreau: A Life of the Mind.
He was program chair for New Voices at the Key West Literary Seminar.
Richardson died in Hyannis, Massachusetts, on June 16, 2020, two days after his 86th birthday, from a subdural hematoma suffered in a fall.

## Awards

* 2007 Bancroft Prize
* 1990 Guggenheim Fellowship
* 1996 Francis Parkman Prize
* Melcher Book Award

## Works

This section lists only Richardson's book-length publications. For his dozens of essays, forwards, and reviews, see the author's official website.
Biographical books
* Henry Thoreau: A Life of the Mind. University of California Press. 1986.
* Emerson: The Mind on Fire. University of California Press. 1996.
* William James: In the Maelstrom of American Modernism. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2007
* First We Read, Then We Write: Emerson on the Creative Process. University of Iowa Press. 2009.
* Splendor of Heart: Walter Jackson Bate and the Teaching of Literature. David R. Godine, Publisher. 2013.
* Nearer the Heart's Desire: Poets of the Rubaiyat: A Dual Biography of Omar Khayyam and Edward FitzGerald. Bloomsbury. 2016.
* Three Roads Back: How Emerson, Thoreau, and William James Responded to the Greatest Losses of Their Lives. Princeton University Press. 2023.
Scholarly monographs
* Literature and Film. Indiana University Press. 1969.
* Myth and Literature in the American Renaissance. Indiana University Press. 1978.
Edited and introduced collections
* With Burton Feldman. The rise of modern mythology, 1680-1860. Indiana University Press. 2000.
* Emerson, Ralph Waldo. Selected Essays, Lectures, and Poems. Bantam. 1990.
* With Allen Mandelbaum. Three Centuries of American Poetry. Bantam. 1999. (Also published as A Treasury of American Poetry.)
* James, William. The Heart of William James. Harvard University Press. 2010.
* Thoreau, Henry David. October, or Autumnal Tints. Norton. 2012.
* Khayyam, Omar. The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. Bloomsbury. 2016.
# Abdulhakim Arvasi

Abdulhâkim Arvâsî (Üçışık) or Sayyeed Abd al Haqeem-i Arvasi (1865–1943) was a Sunni Kurdish Islamic scholar of Arab origin.

## Life

Arvasi was born in the village of Arvas (present-day Doğanyayla).
Arvasi lived in the times of the late Ottoman Empire and the early Republic of Turkey. He was one of the most profound Islamic scholars of his time and a mujtahid. Arvasi was a descendant of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, and hence he had the title sayyed before his name. He is the 33rd sheikh of the Naqshbandi order. He was born in Van, Turkey. He received religious education from the famous scholar and walî Seyyid Fehim-i Arvasi. He was deeply learned in many worldly and religious sciences such as: natural sciences, hadith, tafsir and tasawwuf. Arvasi taught in Van for 30 years after which he moved to Istanbul as the Russian Army had invaded the eastern part of the country. Arvasi taught in various madrasas and mosques of Istanbul for many years. One of his most famous students was Necip Fazıl Kısakürek. Arvasi died in Ankara in 1943 after decades of teaching of Islam. He is buried in Baglum Cemetery, Ankara.

## Works

* Er-Riyâd-üt-Tasavufiyye
* Râbita-i Şerîfe
* Keşkül
* Sefer-i Âhiret
* Eshâb-i Kirâm
* Ecdâd-i Peygamberî
# Syriac New Testament, British Library, Add. 14453

British Library, Add MS 14453, designated by number 66 on the list of Wright, is a Syriac manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment, according to the Peshitta version. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 5th or 6th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Gregory labelled it by 15$^e$.

## Description

The original codex contained the text of the 22 books of Peshitta translation of the New Testament, on 182 parchment leaves (25 by 20 cm), with only one lacuna at the beginning and end. The Gospel of Matthew begins in 6:25, the Gospel of John ends in 20:25. Written in one column per page, in 22-27 lines per page. The writing is a large, regular Estrangela. Folio 173 was repaired with paper about the 12th century. The text is divided according to the chapters similar to the κεφαλαια of the Greek manuscripts, which were inserted by two later hands; there are lectionary markings added by a later hand.

## History of the manuscript

Formerly it belonged to the monastery of St. Mary Deipara in the Wadi El Natrun. In 1842 it was brought to England, with the other 500 manuscripts. The manuscript was examined and described by Wright.
The manuscript is housed at the British Library (Add MS 14453) in London.
# Sədiyan

Sədiyan is a (Hamlet) village situated in the north of the municipality of Diyallı in the Ismailli Rayon of Azerbaijan.
# Syzeton fasciatus

Syzeton fasciatus is a species of ant-like leaf beetle in the family Aderidae. It is found in North America.
This species was formerly a member of the genus Zonantes. The species of that genus were transferred to the genus Syzeton as a result of research published in 2022.
# 4U (album)

4U is the fourth studio album by Taiwanese singer Elva Hsiao (simplified Chinese: 萧亚轩; traditional Chinese: 蕭亞軒), released on 11 February 2002 by Virgin Records Taiwan.

## Track listing

* "愛你不要距離" (No Distance in Love)
* "問自己" (Ask Yourself)
* "我喜歡你快樂" (Like You Happy)
* "快歌" (Fast Song)
* "靠近一點" (Come Closer)
* "自己人" (Personal)
* "我們的寂寞" (Our Loneliness)
* "笑著愛你" (Smiling Love You)
* "因為你" (Because of You)
* "插曲" (Insert Song)
* "And I Know" (Remix)
# Little Rock Pond

Little Rock Pond may refer to:
* Little Rock Pond (Big Moose, New York)
* Little Rock Pond (Beaver River, New York)
# River Derwent, Cumbria

The Derwent is a famous river in the county of Cumbria in the north of England; it rises in the Lake District and flows northwards through two of its principal lakes, before turning sharply westward to enter the Irish Sea at Workington
The name Derwent is shared with three other English rivers and is thought to be derived from a Celtic word for "oak trees" (an alternative is dour "water" and (g)-went "white / pure". The river's Old Welsh name was Derwennydd and it is believed to be to be the setting of the medieval Welsh lullaby Dinogad's Smock.
The river rises at Sprinkling Tarn underneath Great End and flows in a northerly direction through the valley of Borrowdale, before entering Derwentwater, which it exits to the north just outside Keswick and is joined by the waters of the River Greta. The Derwent then enters Bassenthwaite Lake at its southern end; it exits it at its northern end, thereafter flowing generally westward to Cockermouth, where the River Cocker joins it from the south. William Wordsworth's childhood home in Cockermouth backed onto the Derwent, and he briefly mentions it in The Prelude:
   ... the bright blue river passed along the terrace of our childhood walk; A tempting playmate whom we dearly loved)
From Cockermouth, the river continues westward past Papcastle, site of the Roman fort of Derventio, is joined by the River Marron near Bridgefoot and continues and onwards to Workington, where it flows into the Irish Sea.
The River Derwent was officially named by Sir Braelyn Smith in 1634 after he laid claim to the baronies of Allerdale.
# Saurabh Srivastava (entrepreneur)

Saurabh Srivastava is an Indian entrepreneur, investment professional, institution builder and a former chairman of NASSCOM, a non-profit trade organization for the promotion of Indian IT industry. A master's degree holder from Harvard University, he founded Infinity Venture, reportedly the first venture capital fund in India and is a recipient of Dataquest Lifetime Achievement Award, the IT Industry Award from the Prime Minister of India and Distinguished Alumnus Award from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2016, for his contributions to trade and industry.

## Biography

Saurabh Srivastava, after graduating in engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, continued to his studies at Harvard University and secured a master's degree in science from the university. He started his career with IBM in the US and later worked at Tata Unisys in India before embarking on his entrepreneurial career. In 1989, he founded IIS Infotech Limited, an IT company and served as its chairman till 2001, oversaw its merger with Xansa, the British BPO, in 2000 and served as the executive chairman of Xansa India till 2006. He was one among the group of IT entrepreneurs who founded the National Association of Software Services Companies (later renamed as NASSCOM) in 1988 and served as its chairman from 1997 to 1999 after which he holds the position of the Chairman Emeritus. Infinity Venture, a venture capital founded by him in 1999, was reportedly the first such initiative in India and he has been serving as its chairman since inception. TiE New Delhi NCR, a non profit community promoting entrepreneurship, is one another institution founded by him and he has served as its chairman; he continues his association with the institution as its Chairman Emeritus and a board member.
Srivastava is the chairman Spice Digital, and has also chaired such associations as Electronics and Computer Software Promotion Council (ESC), Indian Venture Capital Association, Indian Private Equity and Venture Capital Association and the Indus Entrepreneurs. He is one of the founders and an individual member of the Indian Angel Network, the largest angel investor forum in India and one of the largest in the world. He sits in the advisory boards of Imperial College Business School, two Indian Institutes of Technology at Delhi and Kanpur and two universities, Uttarakhand Technical University and Himachal Pradesh University. He also serves as an adjunct professor of entrepreneurship at the Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai.

## Awards and honors

Dataquest, the Indian magazine for IT industry, chose him for their 2014 Lifetime Achievement Award in 2015. He has received a doctorate (honoris causa) from the University of Wolverhampton and is a recipient of the IT Excellence Award of the Prime Minister of India. The Government of India awarded him the civilian honor of the Padma Shri in 2016. He is also a recipient of the Distinguished Alumnus Award of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur.
# Resistance (1945 film)

Resistance is a 1945 French drama film directed by André Berthomieu based on a novel by Pierre Nord.
It was known in France as Peloton d'exécution.
It was one of the most popular films of the year in France with admissions of 3,072,622.
# List of ministers of fisheries of the Faroe Islands

The fishery minister (Faroese language: landsstýrismaðurin í fiskuvinnumálum or Fiskimálaráðharrin) is a member of the government of the Faroe Islands.
| Period | Name | Party | Ministry |
| 1959–1963 | Kristian Djurhuus | Sambandsflokkurin | Ministry of taxes, fisheries and justice |
| 1963–1967 | Erlendur Patursson | Tjóðveldisflokkurin | Ministry of finance, fisheries and justice |
| 1967–1968 | Kristian Djurhuus | Sambandsflokkurin | Ministry of finance, agriculture and fisheries |
| 1968–1970 | Villi Sørensen | Javnaðarflokkurin | Ministry of transport and fisheries |
| 1970 | Atli Dam | Javnaðarflokkurin | Ministry of transport and fisheries |
| 1970–1975 | Eli Nolsøe | Sambandsflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries, industry and justice |
| 1975–1979 | Petur Reinert | Tjóðveldisflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and municipalities |
| 1979–1981 | Heðin M. Klein | Tjóðveldisflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and municipalities |
| 1981–1983 | Olaf Olsen | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and industry |
| 1983–1985 | Anfinn Kallsberg | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and industry |
| 1989 | Anfinn Kallsberg | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and municipalities |
| 1989–1991 | Jógvan I. Olsen | Sambandsflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and energy |
| 1991–1993 | John Petersen | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and agriculture |
| 1993–1994 | Thomas Arabo | Javnaðarflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and industry |
| 1994–1996 | Ivan Johannesen | Sambandsflokkurin | Ministry of fisheries and oceanfarming |
| 1996–1998 | John Petersen | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 1998–2003 | Jørgen Niclasen | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2003–2004 | Jacob Vestergaard | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2004 | Johan Dahl | Sambandsflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2004–2008 | Bjørn Kalsø | Sambandsflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2008 | Tórbjørn Jacobsen | Tjóðveldi | Ministry of Fisheries and resources |
| 2008–2011 | Jacob Vestergaard | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2011 | Johan Dahl | Sambandsflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2011–2012 | Jákup Mikkelsen | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2012–2015 | Jacob Vestergaard | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2015–2019 | Høgni Hoydal | Tjóðveldi | Ministry of Fisheries |
| 2019-2022 | Jacob Vestergaard | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries | 2022-2022 | Árni Skaale | Fólkaflokkurin | Ministry of Fisheries | 2022- | Dennis Holm Jóhannesen | Tjóðveldi | Ministry of Fisheries |
# Rubus sierrae

Rubus sierrae is a small Mexican species of shrub in the genus Rubus, family Rosaceae. It is known from a single collection from near the village of Nabogame, Chihuahua, Mexico, in the Sierra Madre Occidental approximately 18 km northwest of Yepachic. The specimen was collected in riparian forest dominated by Acer grandidentatum Nutt. and Cupressus lusitanica.
Rubus sierrae has ternate leaves and solitary flowers. It is unusual in the genus in having distinctive serrate sepals. It is named in memory of Dionisia Sierra Cruz (1985–87), of Nabogame.
# Rudamina (Vilnius)

Rudamina is a town in Vilnius district municipality, Vilnius County, east Lithuania, it is located only about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south-east of Vilnius city municipality. As of the 2001 census, the town had a population of 3937 people. The village has a Catholic church.
In 2010 the smaller village of Čekėnai was united with Rudamina, the combined town having a population of approximately 4300.
The town has 2 gymnasiums, Rudamina school of arts, 2 kindergartens, Vilnius district central library, post office (ZIP code: 13031).
# Rudall (disambiguation)

Rudall, South Australia is a town and locality in Australia.
Rudall may also refer to:

## People

* Eleanor Rudall (1881–1960), English composer, pianist and teacher
* Nicholas Rudall (1940–2018), Professor of Classical Languages and Literatures, University of Chicago
* Paula Rudall (born 1954), British botanist
* Reginald Rudall (1885–1955), Australian lawyer and politician
* Samuel Bruce Rudall (1859–1945), South Australian politician
* Rudall Hayward (1900–1974), New Zealand filmmaker

## Places

* Rudall Conservation Park, a protected area in Australia
* Rudall River, river in Western Australia
# Marie Charpentier

Jeanne Radegonde Marie Charpentier (30 October 1903 – 9 October 1994) was a French mathematician. She was the first woman to obtain a doctorate in pure mathematics in France, and the second woman, after Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin, to obtain a faculty position in mathematics at a university in France.
Charpentier was born in Poitiers, the daughter of Michel Marie Eugène Charpentier and Marie Thérèse Geneviève Rondelet, on either 29 or 30 October 1903.

## Education

Charpentier joined the Société mathématique de France in 1930, possibly their second female member after Édmée Chandon. She was a student of Georges Bouligand at the University of Poitiers, where she completed her thesis in 1931 with Paul Montel as chair. Her dissertation was Sur les points de Peano d'une equation différentielle du premier ordre [On the Peano points of a first-order differential equation].

## Career

Charpentier did postdoctoral studies with George Birkhoff at Harvard University, and was an invited speaker on geometry at the 1932 International Congress of Mathematicians in Zurich. However, she could not obtain a faculty position in France at that time, and instead had to support herself as a teacher at the high school level.
She was appointed to her faculty position in 1942, at the University of Rennes, became full professor there, and retired in 1973.
# Tempera (disambiguation)

Tempera is a painting medium.
Tempera may also refer to:
* MT Tempera, a Finnish oil tanker
* Tempera (horse), an American Thoroughbred racehorse

## People with the surname

* Vince Tempera (born 1946), Italian musician
# Terézia Poliaková

Terézia Poliaková (born 2 April 1989) is a Slovak former biathlete.

## Career

She competed at the 2013 and 2015 World Championships, and at the 2014 and 2018 Winter Olympics.

## Record
### Olympic Games

| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay |
| 2014 Sochi | 66th | – | – | – | 14th | – |
| 2018 Pyeongchang | 87th | 83th | – | – | 5th | – |

### World Championships

| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay |
| 2013 Nové Město | 47th | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2015 Kontiolahti | 37th | 57th | 49th | — | 19th | — |
| 2016 Oslo | — | 39th | 58th | — | 14th | — |
| 2019 Östersund | 47th | 86th | — | — | 6th | — |
# Aiguille des Glaciers

The Aiguille des Glaciers (3,816 m) is a mountain in the Mont Blanc massif of the Graian Alps. It lies on the borders of Savoie and Haute-Savoie in France and Aosta Valley in Italy.
A fine pyramidal peak when seen to the south from the Italian side, Aiguille des Glaciers dominates the view from the upper Veny Valley, although it is less distinct from its French side. It is usually climbed from the Vallee des Glaciers in Savoie. The view from its summit is one of the best in the entire area.
On 1 November 1946, a B-17 Flying Fortress of the US Airforce crashed into the Aiguille des Glaciers, just 66 meters below the summit of Mont Blanc, killing all eight crew members. The crash site was not discovered until July 1947, when remains were found at an altitude of 3,700 metres (12,000 ft).
# Rudolf Reiff

Rudolf Reiff (1901–1961) was a German stage and film actor.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1943 | Tonelli | Der Gerichtsvorsitzende | |
| 1944 | Romantische Brautfahrt | Baron Feldern | |
| 1945 | Bravo, kleiner Thomas | Bäckermeister Knoll | |
| 1945 | Freunde | Hubert | |
| 1948 | Insolent and in Love | Besitzer des Landhotels | |
| 1949 | Schuld allein ist der Wein | Clemens Hennemann - Ortsvorsteher und Gastwirt | |
| 1949 | The Great Mandarin | | |
| 1949 | Encounter with Werther | Amtmann - Lotte's Father | |
| 1949 | Verspieltes Leben | | Uncredited |
| 1949 | Das Gesetz der Liebe | | |
| 1950 | Doctor Praetorius | Prof. Klotz | |
| 1950 | Two in One Suit | Nick Turner | |
| 1950 | Trouble in Paradise | Hannibal Möller | |
| 1951 | Immortal Light | Perrin | |
| 1951 | Das späte Mädchen | Otto Matthes | |
| 1951 | The House in Montevideo | Bürgermeister | |
| 1952 | The Exchange | | |
| 1952 | The Great Temptation | Generaldirektor Witt | |
| 1953 | The Chaplain of San Lorenzo | | |
| 1953 | Music by Night | Dr. Reissner, Verleger | |
| 1953 | The Bird Seller | Oberförster | |
| 1953 | Heartbroken on the Moselle | Küfermeister Kuby | |
| 1954 | The Sun of St. Moritz | | |
| 1954 | Morgengrauen | | |
| 1955 | I Know What I'm Living For | | |
| 1956 | Die Heinzelmännchen | | Uncredited |
# Aiari River

Aiari River is a river of Amazonas state in north-western Brazil.
# Aili Venonya

Aili Venonya (1963–2022) was a Namibian politician who served as a regional authority councillor for Moses Garoëb Constituency.

## Career

Venonya started working as a chef in Kalahari Hotel in Windhoek, Namibia. Her political career began when she was elected as the Swapo section leader in the Moses //Garoeb constituency in 2003. A member of SWAPO party, she served in various positions in Swapo, including district treasurer, information and mobilisation officer and coordinator. She served as a regional authority councillor of the Moses ǁGaroëb Constituency since 2020 until her death in 2022.
Venonya was the founder and managing director of Aili Catering and Training Services, which was founded in 2010.

## Community work

Venonya was a volunteer at Reach for Recovery volunteer at the Cancer Association of Namibia, a recovery programme supported by breast cancer patients who extend a helping hand and network in the fight against breast cancer. Venonya served as a board member for Ombili Community Centre.

## Recognition

She was praised by President Hage Geingob for her contributions to the hospitality sector and the socio-economic development of the Moses ||Garoeb Constituency.
# Margarites striatus

Margarites striatus, common name the striate margarite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 13 mm and 19 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in European waters and in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean; in the Arctic Pacific Ocean at depths between 0 m and 22 m.
# Marianne Borgen

Marianne Borgen (born 2 June 1951) is a Norwegian politician for the Socialist Left Party, who served as Mayor of Oslo from 2015 to 2023.
She finished her secondary education at Sofienberg Upper Secondary School in 1975, graduated from the University of Oslo with the cand.mag. degree in 1975 and the cand.sociol. degree in 1979. While studying she was a journalist in Universitas from 1976 to 1978. She worked as a consultant in the Ministry of Local Government and Labour from 1979 to 1985, for the Ombudsman for Children in Norway from 1985 to 1995, for the County Governor of Oslo and Akershus from 1995 to 1997 and then in Save the Children in Norway. Here she has been responsible for the "Norway program". She has represented Save the Children in the Forum for Children and Families in the Council of Europe.
As a politician, Borgen was a member of her borough council from 1973 to 1976, and of Oslo city council from 1979 to 1983 and from 1995 to present. She served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Oslo during the terms 1989–1993, 1993–1997, 1997–2001 and 2001–2005. In total, she met during eighteen days of parliamentary session. In 2007, she was the Socialist Left Party's candidate to become Mayor of Oslo, without succeeding. She was elected mayor in 2015 and re-elected in 2019. In February 2022, she announced that she wouldn't be seeking re-election as mayor in 2023. Following the election, she was succeeded by Anne Lindboe.
Borgen was a board member of Lovisenberg Hospital from 1992 to 1994 and a deputy board member of Norwegian Social Research from 1996 to 2001. She has also co-administered research projects for the Research Council of Norway. From 1994 to 1996 and since 2006 she is a board member of Aker Hospital.
# Rudmose Rocks

Rudmose Rocks (60°40′33.5″S 44°36′05.7″W﻿ / ﻿60.675972°S 44.601583°W﻿ / -60.675972; -44.601583) is a group of rocks 0.4 nautical miles (800 meters) north-northwest of Cape Geddes, off the north coast of Laurie Island in the South Orkney Islands. The rocks were charted in 1903 by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition under William Speirs Bruce, who named them for Robert Neal Rudmose-Brown, naturalist of the expedition.