OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leioa (Bilbao metro)

Leioa is a station on line 1 of the Bilbao metro. It is located in the neighborhood of Udondo, in the municipality of Leioa. The station opened as part of the metro on 11 November 1995, replacing an older station. It is located next to a park and ride facility.

## History

The station wasn't part of the Bilbao-Las Arenas railway when it opened in 1887. It was built in the mid-twentieth century as an infill station.
Starting in 1947, the narrow-gauge railway companies that operated within the Bilbao metropolitan area were merged to become Ferrocarriles y Transportes Suburbanos, shortened FTS and the first precedent of today's Bilbao metro. In 1977, the FTS network was transferred to the public company FEVE and in 1982 to the recently created Basque Railways. In the 1980s it was decided the station, just like most of the former railway line, would be integrated into line 1 of the metro. The new station opened as part of the metro network on 11 November 1995.

### Future

In the decade of the 2000s, plans were conceived to create a new tram line, operated by Euskotren Tranbia, connecting the station of Leioa with the University of the Basque Country campus, easing the access to the university campus from other areas of the Greater Bilbao metropolitan area by allowing commuters to use a combination of metro and tram services to reach the campus. The first phase of the project involved the construction of a tram line between the metro station and the university campus, while a future second phase would connect it with the also planned Barakaldo tramway line via a bridge over the Bilbao estuary, which once completed would have been the longest moveable bridge in the world.
The first works began in 2010 with the construction of the tram depot and the setting up of the first meters of railway track, both located next to the metro station. The lasting effects of the Great Recession that followed the 2008 financial crisis caused construction to come to a stop in 2012, after a budget for the project could not be allocated. The project has been on hiatus since, as the Basque Government has not provided any further funding for the project; in 2018 it was stated that there were not any short-term plans to resume construction. Also in 2018, the Basque Government ordered a study to analyze possible alternatives to the tramway.

## Station layout

It is an at-grade, open-air station with two side platforms.

### Access

* 1, Iturriondo street (Leioa exit)
* Station's interior
* Park-and-ride

## Services

The station is served by line 1 from Etxebarri to Plentzia. The station is also served by local Leioabus and regional Bizkaibus bus services.
# Leiobunum bracchiolum

Leiobunum bracchiolum is a species of harvestman in the family Sclerosomatidae. It is found in North America.
# 222 Lucia

222 Lucia is a large Themistian asteroid. It was discovered by Johann Palisa on 9 February 1882 in Vienna and named after Lucia, daughter of Austro-Hungarian explorer Graf Wilczek.
This object is spectral C-type and is probably composed of primitive carbonaceous material. Based upon analysis of infrared spectra, it has a diameter of 59.8 ± 0.8 km. This object belongs to the Themis family, which was formed by the break-up of a larger parent body about a billion years ago.
# Lena Hasselström

Lena Hasselström (born 6 February 1972) is a Swedish ski-orienteering competitor, world champion and winner of the overall world cup.
She won two individual gold medals at the 2002 World Ski Orienteering Championships in Borovetz, in the long course and in sprint. She won the overall World Cup in Ski Orienteering in 2000 and in 2001, and finished second in 1995 and 1999.
# Lena Hill

Lena Michelle Hill is an American academic administrator serving as the provost of Washington and Lee University since 2021. She has worked as a professor of English and Africana studies and is an expert on Ralph Ellison.

## Life

Hill was born to Carl and Gloria Moore. She earned a B.A. in English, summa cum laude, from Howard University in 1997. During her undergraduate studies, she attended Williams College in 1995 and Richmond College in Florence in 1996. She completed a Ph.D. in English from Yale University in 2005. Her dissertation was titled, Frames of Consciousness: Visual Culture in Zora Neale Hurston, Tennessee Williams, and Ralph Ellison. Vera Kutzinski and Joseph Roach were Hill's dissertation directors. She was a postdoctoral fellow from 2004 to 2006 at Duke University.
Hill's scholarship focuses on African American literature and she is an expert on Ralph Ellison. In 2006, she joined the University of Iowa as an assistant professor of English and African American studies. Hill and her husband, Michael D. Hill, co-authored a reference guide on Ellison and co-edited a book about African Americans at the University of Iowa. She was promoted to associate professor with tenure in 2013 and served as director of undergraduate studies from 2015 to 2016. She was senior associate to the president from 2016 to 2018 an interim chief diversity officer and associate vice president from July 2017 to May 25, 2018. She was succeeded by interim diversity officer Melissa Shivers. Hill joined Washington and Lee University on July 1, 2018, as a professor of English and Africana studies and dean of the college of arts and sciences. In 2020, she served on the steering committee of the Gettysburg College Consortium for Faculty Diversity. Washington and Lee University joined the consortium that year. She was promoted to provost on July 1, 2021. Hill succeeded interim provost Elizabeth Oliver.

## Selected works

* Hill, Michael D.; Hill, Lena M. (2008). Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man: A Reference Guide. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-0-313-33465-8.
* Hill, Lena (2014). Visualizing Blackness and the Creation of the African American Literary Tradition. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-04158-5.
* Hill, Lena M.; Hill, Michael D., eds. (2016). Invisible Hawkeyes: African Americans at the University of Iowa During the Long Civil Rights Era. University of Iowa Press. ISBN 978-1-60938-441-8.
# Lock All the Doors

"Lock All the Doors" is a song by the English rock band Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds. It was written and produced by Noel Gallagher for the band's second studio album Chasing Yesterday (2015). In late August 2015, the song was released as the album's fourth single.
Gallagher first wrote the chorus and one verse of the song in the 1990s but took 23 years to complete it, having given away the verse to The Chemical Brothers during the recording sessions for "Setting Sun". After struggling to rewrite a verse to fit with the chorus in the years that followed, Gallagher has stated the melody for the verse suddenly came to him "without even thinking about it", when leaving a Tesco Metro on a Sunday evening in 2014. The chorus originally surfaced on an Oasis demo tape from 1992 as a song that later became "My Sister Lover", a B-side to "Stand by Me".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Noel Gallagher

## Charts

Weekly charts
Chart (2015)
Peak position
Scotland (OCC)
47
UK Indie (OCC)
6 :
# Leiqin

The leiqin (雷琴 or 擂琴, literally "thunderous instrument"; also called leihu) is a Chinese bowed string musical instrument.

## Construction

It has a metal soundbox covered with snakeskin and a long fretless fingerboard. The two strings pass over a small bridge that is placed on the snakeskin, near the top edge.

## Playing technique

The leiqin is played while the player is seated in a chair, with the instrument's body resting in his or her lap and held in a vertical or near-vertical position. Unlike the erhu and other instruments in the huqin family, the strings are touched against the fingerboard in the same technique as the sanxian.

## History

The leiqin was adapted from an earlier traditional instrument called zhuihu in the 1920s.
# 2 Compositions

2 Compositions is an EP by Peter Frohmader, released independently in 1983.

## Track listing

All music is composed by Peter Frohmader

## Personnel

Adapted from the 2 Compositions liner notes.
* Peter Frohmader – synthesizer
* Stephan Manus – violin (A-side)

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| Germany | 1983 | Nekropolis | LP | 220 171 |
# Reed-leaf wattle

Reed-leaf wattle is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
* Acacia calamifolia
* Acacia euthycarpa, endemic to southern Australia
# Steven Wirtel

Steven Wirtel (born October 3, 1997) is a former American football long snapper. Wirtel played college football at Iowa State, and originally signed with the Detroit Lions as an undrafted free agent in 2020. Wirtel also played for the Los Angeles Rams and Green Bay Packers.

## Personal life and high school

Steven Wirtel was born on October 3, 1997, in Orland Park, Illinois to John and Coleen Wirtel. His brother, John Wirtel, played long snapper for Kansas. Wirtel attended Mount Carmel High School where he played football.

## College career

Rated as a three-star recruit coming out of high school, Wirtel chose to attend Iowa State University over Illinois University and the University of Georgia. In his freshmen year, Wirtel played in all 12 games that season and was perfect on all of his snaps. He was named to the Big 12 Academic Rookie Team. In his second year, Wirtel once again played in all 13 games and was perfect again on all his snaps. He was named on the Third-Team All-Big 12 and the First-Team Academic All-Big 12 team. In his junior year, Wirtel once again played in all 13 games, and began to assume the role of long snapper for every aspect of special teams. He was named on the First-Team All-Big 12 and Second-Team Academic All-Big 12 teams. In his senior and final year, Wirtel once again played in all 13 games and therefore played in every game of his collegiate career. He was one of three finalists for the Patrick Mannelly Award, and was named on the First Team All-Big 12 and First Team Academic All-Big 12 teams.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 3+3⁄4 in (1.92 m) | 235 lb (107 kg) | 31+1⁄8 in (0.79 m) | 9+3⁄8 in (0.24 m) | 4.76 s | 1.70 s | 2.81 s | 4.28 s | 7.12 s | 26.0 in (0.66 m) | 10 ft 0 in (3.05 m) | 19 reps |
| All values from NFL Combine ||||||||||||

### Detroit Lions

After going undrafted in the 2020 NFL draft, Wirtel signed as an undrafted free agent for the Detroit Lions. Wirtel remained on the Lions' practice squad throughout the entirety of the 2020 NFL season and was waived in the subsequent offseason.

### Los Angeles Rams

Wirtel was signed by the Los Angeles Rams at the beginning of the 2021 NFL season. He was later released on August 26.

### Green Bay Packers

On September 2, 2021, the Green Bay Packers signed Wirtel to their practice squad. He was signed to the active roster on November 5, 2021, replacing the recently released Hunter Bradley. He made his first appearance in an NFL game two days later, in a 13–7 loss to the Kansas City Chiefs.
On August 10, 2022, the Green Bay Packers released Wirtel.
# Steven Wofsy

Steven C. Wofsy is an American atmosphere and hydrospheric scientist currently Abbott Lawrence Rotch Professor of Atmospheric and Environmental Science at Harvard University and an Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2011 and was awarded the Roger Revelle Medal in 2012.
Wofsy is one of the foremost global experts in measuring atmospheric gas concentrations, including greenhouse gas concentrations, with spaceborne sensors. Along with Environmental Defense Fund chief scientist Steven Hamburg, he was a co-initiator of the MethaneSAT initiative.
# Steve Ward

Steve, Steven or Stephen Ward may refer to:

## Sportsmen

* Steve Ward (boxer) (born c.1956), British pugilist, world's oldest
* Steven Ward (cricketer) (born 1958), English left-handed batsman
* Stephen Ward (weightlifter) (born 1973), English gold medalist
* Stephen Ward (footballer) (born 1985), Irish left-back winger
* Steve Ward (ice hockey) (born 1986), Canadian defenceman

## Others

* Stephen Ward Doubleday (1845–1926), American banker
* Stephen Ward (1912–1963), British osteopath and artist, a central figure in the 1963 Profumo affair
** Stephen Ward (musical), 2013 musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber based on above
* Stephen Ward Sears (born 1932), American Civil War historian
* Steve Ward (computer scientist), American professor and researcher since 1970s
* Steve Ward (businessman) (born 1955), American businessman, former CEO of Lenovo
* Steve Ward (Colorado legislator) (born c.1960), American politician
* Steve Ward, American songwriter and vocalist for Cherry Twister since 1993
* Steven Ward (TV personality) (born 1980), American host of Tough Love
* Steve Ward, American Tesla coil enthusiast who in 2007 designed zeusaphone
# Stevie Wonder's Superego

SuperEgo is a short-lived instrumental project conceived and produced by Stevie Wonder in 1979.

## Concept

Stevie, who had been growing his interest in electronic music, tried to create an album with constant BPMs and heavily use of overdubbing techniques. Often counting with The Meters as his backing band, Stevie recorded two albums (Vol. 1 and Vol. 2) at his home studio in Detroit through a nine-month period. Both albums were finished but never released and then abandoned due to "lack of commercial power", as he says.

## Members

* Stevie Wonder - piano, clavinet, drum machine, synthesizers
* Art Neville - hammond organ, synthesizers
* Ziggy Modeliste - drums
* Leo Nocentelli - guitar
* George Porter Jr. - bass guitar
# Reese Palley

Reese Palley (26 January 1922 – 3 June 2015) was an entrepreneur, gallerist, art dealer, author, and sailor.

## Biography
### Art gallerist and real estate dealings

In 1957 he opened a gallery outside the Marlborough-Blenheim Hotel, selling Edward Marshall Boehm's porcelain figures of animals. From 1959 to 1979, he owned and operated Objet d'Art Galleries. In San Francisco, Palley restored the V.C. Morris Gift Shop at 140 Maiden Lane, the only example of a completed Frank Lloyd Wright building in San Francisco.
In 1976, Palley and a partner purchased the Marlborough-Blenheim for $6 million. They later rented it to Bally Manufacturing.

### NJ Lottery Commission ethics violations

In 1983, Palley was suspended as chairman of the New Jersey Lottery commission by Governor Thomas Kean after he was charged with falsifying documents in an attempt thwart an ethics investigation into his conflict of interest. The ethics committee found that Palley sought money from a company bidding on a contract for the Lottery Commission. He pled guilty to a single charge of conspiracy to fabricate evidence in 1985.

### Lorenzo de Medici Painting

He once purchased a painting for $2,600 that turned out to be one of the five lost paintings by Raphael, this one of Lorenzo de Medici. Believing the work to be a replica, Palley sold the artwork for $6,000 in 1964. After Palley sold the item, it was later authenticated as an original and auctioned at Christie's by a subsequent owner for $37.27 million in 2007.

### Furnitureindex

Palley with his wife, Marilyn Arnold Palley, created the Palley Index of Danish Furniture, 1900–2000 (now called the Furnitureindex), a compilation of over 12,000 works of Danish furniture of the 20th and 21st centuries.

### Writing and alleged activities

In his book Unlikely Passages, he made claims to many alleged feats, including starting an airline company, starting a mushroom farm in caves, opening a sewing machine needle factory in Russia, smuggling a sought-after Torah out of Odessa, escaping Ethiopian gunboats on the Red Sea, and discussing ideas to run an island government with Tristan Jones.
# 2nd Siberian Rifle Division

The 2nd Siberian Rifle Division was an infantry formation of the Russian Imperial Army.

## History

The division was first formed as the 2nd East Siberian Rifle Brigade in 1883. In 1904 it was expanded into the 2nd East Siberian Rifle Division. The division fought in the Russo-Japanese War. The division was redesignated the 2nd Siberian Rifle Division in 1910.$^{:126}$
In 1914, before the outbreak of World War I, the division's headquarters was located at Razdolnoe. Its 1st Brigade, with the 5th (Nikolsk-Ussuriski) and 6th (Novokievskoe) Siberian Rifle Regiments, was also located at Razdolnoe and its 2nd Brigade, with the 7th (Novokievskoe) and 8th (Barabash) Siberian Rifle Regiments, was headquartered at Novokiyevskoye. The division was part of the 1st Siberian Army Corps.
The division was disbanded in 1918.$^{:126}$

## Organization

* 1st Brigade
** 5th Siberian Rifle Regiment
** 6th Siberian Rifle Regiment
* 2nd Brigade
** 7th Siberian Rifle Regiment
** 8th Siberian Rifle Regiment
* 2nd Siberian Rifle Artillery Brigade
# Reflection principle (disambiguation)

In mathematics, a reflection principle may refer to:
* Reflection principle, the principle in set theory that it is possible to find sets that resemble the class of all sets
* Reflection principle (Wiener process), a result about the distribution of the supremum of a Brownian motion
* Law of reflection, the principle that the angle of reflection of light from a surface is the same as the angle of incidence
* Reflection formula, a relation between f(x) and f(a − x) for a function f and a constant a
* Reflection theorem, one of a collection of theorems about the sizes of class groups
* Schwarz reflection principle, a way to extend the domain of definition of an analytic function
# Reflection theorem

In algebraic number theory, a reflection theorem or Spiegelungssatz (German for reflection theorem – see Spiegel and Satz) is one of a collection of theorems linking the sizes of different ideal class groups (or ray class groups), or the sizes of different isotypic components of a class group. The original example is due to Ernst Eduard Kummer, who showed that the class number of the cyclotomic field $\mathbb {Q} \left(\zeta _{p}\right)$, with p a prime number, will be divisible by p if the class number of the maximal real subfield $\mathbb {Q} \left(\zeta _{p}\right)^{+}$ is. Another example is due to Scholz. A simplified version of his theorem states that if 3 divides the class number of a real quadratic field $\mathbb {Q} \left({\sqrt {d}}\right)$, then 3 also divides the class number of the imaginary quadratic field $\mathbb {Q} \left({\sqrt {-3d}}\right)$.

## Leopoldt's Spiegelungssatz

Both of the above results are generalized by Leopoldt's "Spiegelungssatz", which relates the p-ranks of different isotypic components of the class group of a number field considered as a module over the Galois group of a Galois extension.
Let L/K be a finite Galois extension of number fields, with group G, degree prime to p and L containing the p-th roots of unity. Let A be the p-Sylow subgroup of the class group of L. Let φ run over the irreducible characters of the group ring Q$_p$[G] and let A$_φ$ denote the corresponding direct summands of A. For any φ let q = p$^{φ(1)}$ and let the G-rank e$_φ$ be the exponent in the index
    $[A_{\phi }:A_{\phi }^{p}]=q^{e_{\phi }}.$
Let ω be the character of G
    $\zeta ^{g}=\zeta ^{\omega (g)}{\text{ for }}\zeta \in \mu _{p}.$
The reflection (Spiegelung) φ$^*$ is defined by
    $\phi ^{*}(g)=\omega (g)\phi (g^{-1}).$
Let E be the unit group of K. We say that ε is "primary" if $K({\sqrt[{p}]{\epsilon }})/K$ is unramified, and let E$_0$ denote the group of primary units modulo E$^p$. Let δ$_φ$ denote the G-rank of the φ component of E$_0$.
The Spiegelungssatz states that
    $|e_{\phi ^{*}}-e_{\phi }|\leq \delta _{\phi }.$

## Extensions

Extensions of this Spiegelungssatz were given by Oriat and Oriat-Satge, where class groups were no longer associated with characters of the Galois group of K/k, but rather by ideals in a group ring over the Galois group of K/k. Leopoldt's Spiegelungssatz was generalized in a different direction by Kuroda, who extended it to a statement about ray class groups. This was further developed into the very general "T-S reflection theorem" of Georges Gras. Kenkichi Iwasawa also provided an Iwasawa-theoretic reflection theorem.
# Red-tailed minla

The red-tailed minla (Minla ignotincta) is a passerine bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is the only species in the genus Minla.
It is found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Its range includes Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
# Lonsdale Road Reservoir

Lonsdale Road Reservoir (also the Leg of Mutton Reservoir or Leg o' Mutton Reservoir) is a disused reservoir in Barnes in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. It is an 8.2 hectare local nature reserve and Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade 1, owned and managed by Richmond upon Thames London Borough Council.

## History

Prior to construction of the reservoir it was meadowland by the riverside, known as Westmead or Lotmead, as it was divided into 'lots' of land. It formed a parish exclave of Putney, surrounded by the parish of Barnes. It was also known as Putney detached. The land was purchased by the West Middlesex Waterworks Company and the reservoir was built in 1838. Putney became part of the County of London in 1889 which caused the detached part to become a county exclave surrounded by Surrey. The London Government Act 1899 made provision for this and Putney detached was transferred to the parish of Barnes on 1 April 1901.
The reservoir was decommissioned in 1960. Developers proposed to build housing and a shopping centre on the site, but this was strongly opposed by local residents. They suggested that it should become a nature reserve instead, and their proposal was accepted. Richmond upon Thames London Borough Council purchased the area from Thames Water in 1970 and in 1990 it was designated a local nature reserve.

## Ecology

Breeding birds include pochards, which are nationally scarce, mute swans, great crested grebe and grey herons. There are many more waterfowl in the winter. The site is also important for bats, and amphibians include the protected great crested newt. Aquatic plants include bogbean and frogbit, both of which are rare in London.

## Access

There is a mile-long perimeter path round the reservoir, which can be accessed from the Thames Path, Ferry Lane and Lonsdale Road.
# Lonsdale Ragg

Lonsdale Ragg (23 October 1866 in Wellington, Shropshire – 31 July 1945 in Bath) was an Anglican priest and author.
Ragg was educated at Adams' Grammar School, Christ Church, Oxford and Ripon College Cuddesdon; Cuddesdon Theological College; and ordained in 1889.
After a curacy at All Saints', Oxford he was a tutor at Christ Church then vice-principal of Cuddesdon. He was warden of Bishop's Hostel, Lincoln and vice-chancellor of Lincoln Cathedral from 1899 to 1903. After this he was at various times Chaplain in Bologna, Venice, Valescure, Bordighera, Cannes and Rome. He became Archdeacon of Gibraltar and held the post until his death.
Ragg was also a published author. Amongst others he wrote "Dante and his Italy", 1907; "Things seen in Venice", 1913; "The Second Book of Samuel", 1919; "Commentary on St Luke", 1922; "Dante, Apostle of Freedom", 1922; "Some of My Tree Friends", 1931; "Trees I Have Met", 1933; "Tree Lore in the Bible", 1935; "The Lyrical Woodlands", 1945.
# Leon Bekaert

Leon baron Bekaert (born 1958) is a Belgian businessman. He started his career in 1983 as Managing Partner of Pauli Philippines (Manila) and in 1984 transferred in 1984 to P.T. LVD Indonesia as managing director. In 1987 he joined the Bekaert Group as Sales Manager Bekaert Hong Kong and in 1989 he was appointed as Strategic Project Manager and in 1991 Product Manager Fencing Products. Leon Bekaert left the Beakert Group in 1994 and became a member of the Board. He holds a degree in Applied Economics from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (1983) and obtained an MBA at the IMI in Geneva in 1987.