OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert Palin

Robert Thomas Palin (c.1835 – 6 July 1861) was a convict transported to Western Australia. His execution in 1861 was the only time in the convict era of Western Australia that Ordinance 17 Victoria Number 7 was used to secure the capital punishment of a convict for a crime not normally punishable by death.
Born around 1835, nothing is known of Robert Palin's early life except his criminal record. In 1851, he was sentenced to ten years' imprisonment for housebreaking; in 1853, he was tried but acquitted of murder; and in March 1856, he was convicted of "burglary from the person" and sentenced to penal servitude for life. At the time of his sentencing, he was described as a shoemaker by trade.
Palin was transported to Western Australia on the Nile, arriving in January 1860. His behaviour was good both during and after the voyage. In April 1860, he was appointed a probationary constable and received his ticket of leave in January 1861. At that time he had a house in Fremantle from which he worked as a shoemaker and took in lodgers.
On 29 May 1861, Palin was charged with having broken into the home of Samuel and Susan Harding. Susan Harding gave evidence that her husband had been away and that she had woken during the night to find a man standing at the side of her bed. The man seized her by the arm and demanded money. When she said she had none, "he pulled the bedclothes down and felt about the bed... I thought he was going to commit some assault." Harding then gave the man a number of valuables and he left. The following morning, the police followed a set of footprints to Palin's house, where they found some wet boots whose tread matched the prints. They also recovered a number of the valuables that had been stolen.
Palin claimed to have been set up by William Cockrane, another ticket-of-leave man whom Palin said had a grudge against him. However, he was not believed and the jury found him guilty of robbery with violence, the violence being the "battery on the person of Mrs. Harding by seizing her by the arm while she was in bed." Chief Justice Archibald Burt passed a sentence of death and Palin was hanged three days later on 6 July 1861.
# Amphiaspis

Amphiaspis argo is the type species of the cyathaspidid taxon Amphiaspidida, and of the family Amphiaspididae. Its fossils are restricted to early Emsian-aged marine strata of the Taimyr Peninsula, Early Devonian Siberia. A. argo, as with all other amphiaspidids, is thought to have been a benthic filter feeder that lived on top of, or buried just below the surface of the substrate of hypersaline lagoon-bottoms.

## Anatomy

So far, A. argos is known from at least one, incomplete cephalothoracic armor that is shaped vaguely like a pillow and is, from anterior to posterior, 24 centimeters long. The armor has a pattern of lateral sensory line canals. There is a prominent dorsal spine on the dorsoposterior end of the cephalothoracic armor. The animal had small, possibly degenerate eyes that were flanked laterally by a small, crescent-shaped preorbital opening at the anterior end of the armor. The small eyes, in turn, laterally flank a small, slit-shaped mouth at the center of the anterior-most end of the cephalothorax.
# Rugby in Cornwall

Rugby in Cornwall may refer to:
* Rugby union in Cornwall
* Rugby league in Cornwall
# Area code 868

The area code 868 is assigned to Trinidad and Tobago, a member of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). The telephone numbering plan for the country is known as the National Numbering Plan. It is part of a system used for assigning telephone numbers in Trinidad and Tobago, and functions as a part of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). It is regulated by the Telecommunications Authority of Trinidad and Tobago, which holds responsibility for telecommunications in the country.
Due to a long established affiliation with NANP, phone numbers in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago are often styled as "(868) NXX-xxxx". However, the International Telecommunications Union's standards such as E.164 and E.123 both strongly advocate the inclusion of a "+1" prefix to indicate "868" is a part of the NANP.

## History

Area code 868 ("TNT") was created during a split from the original Area code 809 with permissive dialing beginning 1 June 1997. With the end of permissive dialing on 31 May 1998, all calls placed to the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago required the use of the +1 868 prefix. The local telephone regulator proposed the area code 868, which corresponds to "TNT"—an abbreviation for Trinidad and Tobago—to reflect the nation's identity within the NANP.

## Dialing to Trinidad and Tobago
### From within North America (NANP)

When calling Trinidad and Tobago from elsewhere in the North American Numbering Plan (e.g., from the United States or Canada), callers dial as if undertaking regular ten-digit dialing within those countries. Callers must simply dial 1 + 868 + seven digit phone number.

### From outside NANP

When calling to Trinidad and Tobago from outside the NANP (e.g., from the United Kingdom), callers must dial their international dialing prefix followed by 1 to access the North American Numbering Plan. For example, a call placed from the United Kingdom would be dialled as 00 + 1 + 868 + local seven digit phone number.

## Dialing within Trinidad and Tobago

When placing a phone call from Trinidad and Tobago, also known as HNPA (home numbering plan area) dialing, callers simply use seven-digit dialing (i.e. dialing the last seven digits of the phone number).

### To North America (NANP)

When calling other places in the North American Numbering Plan, callers dial as if undertaking regular ten-digit dialing in those countries. Callers dial 1 + NPA area code + seven digit phone number.
Though usually toll-free when dialed from the US, not all 1-800 phone numbers are toll-free when dialed from Trinidad and Tobago, and may be treated as a toll call.

### To areas outside the NANP

When calling to areas outside the NANP (e.g., the United Kingdom), callers dial 011 + country calling code + phone number. In the case of the UK, a user would dial 011 + 44 + UK phone number.

### General

    National Operations Centre: 911, Police Force: 999, Ambulance: 811, Fire: 990
    Information/Directory Assistance: 6411, 611 (proposed replacement)
    Operator: 0
# Maurice Pechet

Maurice Pechet (February 10, 1918 – March 5, 2012) was a professor, scientist, doctor, inventor, and philanthropist. Pechet made substantial contributions to the field of internal medicine, in particular in the domain of developing new antirachitic sterols to treat metabolic bone disease. He resided in Cambridge, Massachusetts for most of his life. At Harvard University, he was a student (earning both a chemistry PhD in 1944 and MD in 1948), professor, and doctor (Massachusetts General Hospital), and was involved with the campus for 70 years.

## Medical discoveries

Pechet and his research partners are credited with the discovery of the Pechet Factor Deficiency (OMIM:169200), a genetic disorder causing an abnormal blood clotting defect in a sister, brother and mother. Pechet and his research partners suggested that these persons lack a clotting factor that plays a role in the first phase of coagulation, following the activation of factor IX but before the activation of factor X.

## Publications

Pechet has been widely published in leading medical journals, such as the New England Journal of Medicine, the American Journal of Medicine, the Journal of Clinical Investigation, and the Journal of Pediatrics.

## Leadership roles

* Served as President of the Research Institute for Medicine & Chemistry, Cambridge, MA.
* Sat on Harvard Medical School's Board of Fellows.
* Sat on the Harvard University's Board of Tutors in Biochemical Sciences.
* Served as a Director Emeritus of Canadian Western Bank.
* Served as a Honorary Trustee of Immune Disease Institute, Inc.
* Sat as senior member of the Senior Common Room of Lowell House, at Harvard University.

## Personal life

Pechet was married to artist and teacher Kitty Pechet. She continues to reside in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

## Philanthropy

Pechet donated to a wide range of philanthropic causes. In 1960, he established the Pechet Foundation. The Pechet Foundation has given to scientific research, poverty alleviation, education, the arts, and environmental causes. The Foundation has made donations and provided grants to such organizations as the Golden Foundation for the Arts, the Earthwatch Institute, The Cambridge Family & Children's Service, The Young Audiences of Massachusetts, The New Sector Alliance, The Cambridge Center for Adult Education, The Breast Cancer Research Foundation, The Perkins School for the Blind, The Center for Blood Research (CBR), and the New England Conservatory.

## Business activities

Pechet was a Director Emeritus of the Canadian Western Bank.
# Tilleul-Dame-Agnès

Tilleul-Dame-Agnès (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France.
# List of rivers of Somalia

This is a list of rivers in Somalia. This list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name.

## Indian Ocean

From south to north:
* Bushbush (Buscbusc)
* Caannoole
* Baddana
* Jubba River
** Lagh Dera
*** Lak Bor
**** Lagh Kutulo
**** Lagh Bissigh
*** Lagh Bogal
** Shebelle River
*** Bohol Madagoi
** Dudumey (Duddum)
** Dawa River
* Eyl River (Nugaal, Nogel)
** Togdheer River (Dheer, Der)
* Dhuudo (Dhud, Dudo))
* Tuddi
* Jaceyl (Jaceel, Giahel)
** Dhud (Dahot)
* Jaceel (Giael)
* Hodmo
* Madgiid
* Biyoguure
* Baba
* Ceelcaanood
** Faruur
* Bararis
* Durdur
* Silil
* Beyadé

## Interior

* Ban Dulad
# Santosh Kumar Gulwadi

Santosh Kumar Gulwadi was an Indian journalist and novelist. He wrote seven books including story compilations in Kannada. He was an editor in newspaper Prajavani, magazine Sudha, Vijay Sankeshwar's magazine Noothana and the first chief-editor of magazine Taranga, from 1982 to 1999.
# Robert Palladino

Robert Joseph Palladino (November 5, 1932 – February 26, 2016) was an American Trappist monk, calligrapher, and academic. He was a professor at Reed College in Portland, Oregon, where he taught Steve Jobs, and replaced Lloyd J. Reynolds as the head of the calligraphy program. Jobs credits Palladino's class with inspiring him to include multiple fonts on the original Mac. Despite his influence on Jobs, Palladino never owned a computer.
Although Reed's calligraphy program was dissolved in the 1980s, since 2012 The Calligraphy Initiative in Honor of Lloyd J. Reynolds, a program of the Douglas F. Cooley Memorial Art Gallery, has introduced a new generation of Reed students and community members to the study and practice of calligraphy and palaeography through a weekly Scriptorium. A month before his death in 2016, Robert Palladino returned during Reed's Paideia as a guest instructor.
# The Rushdie Affair: The Novel, the Ayatollah, and the West

The Rushdie Affair: The Novel, the Ayatollah, and the West is a book written by historian Daniel Pipes, published in 1990. It focuses on events surrounding The Satanic Verses. The afterword was written by Koenraad Elst.
The first part of the book describes The Satanic Verses and Ayatollah Khomeini's edict, explaining why Rushdie's book became a controversy . The second part describes responses to the text and criticizes censorship of the book in some countries.

## Reception

Edward Mortimer, in The New York Times, called the book "an extremely well-written and clear analysis of the issues raised". Other positive reviews appeared in the Library Journal, and the Philadelphia Inquirer. the LA Times,
For François Dupuis-Déri (Columbia University), Pipes book can be understood in the neoconservative idea of the "Clash of Civilizations".
According to Emilie Réné, in Les Cahiers du CERI (CERI is a French public institution in political science), Pipes' essay "suffers from oversimplification".

## Editions

* New York: Birch Lane, 1990
* Paperback edition: New Delhi: Voice of India, 1998
# Al Casey

Al Casey may refer to:
* Al Casey (jazz guitarist) (1915–2005), American
* Al Casey (rock guitarist) (1936–2006), American
# Musée Adja Swa

The Musée Adja Swa is a museum located in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
# Allium pseudoalbidum

Allium pseudoalbidum is a species of onion that is endemic to Kars Province in Turkey. It can be found in montane steppe at about 1,900 m elevation. It is threatened by overgrazing, hay making and deforestation.
# Ministry of Health (Zambia)

The Ministry of Health is a ministry in Zambia. Its head offices are located in Lusaka.

## Operations

Subsidiary organizations include the Central Board of Health and the National Malaria Control Centre.
Healthcare facilities run by the Ministry are categorised into Urban Health Centers and Rural Health Centres (or Health Posts).
Schools operated by the Ministry include the Mansa School of Nursing in Mansa and the Ndola Schools of Nursing and Midwifery in Ndola District.

## List of ministers

| Minister | Party | Term start | Term end |
| Member for Health and Local Government ||||
| Ewain Wilson | | 1949 | 1953 |
| Member for Health, Lands and Local Government ||||
| John Roberts | Federal Party | 1954 | 1956 |
| Minister of Health ||||
| Sikota Wina | United National Independence Party | 1964 | 1964 |
| Munukayumbwa Sipalo | United National Independence Party | 1964 | |
| Alexander Bwalya Chikwanda | United National Independence Party | 1972 | |
| Mutumba Mainga Bull | United National Independence Party | 1973 | 1976 |
| Nkandu Luo | Movement for Multi-Party Democracy | 1999 | 1999 |
| Enoch Kavindele | Movement for Multi-Party Democracy | 2000 | 2001 |
| Sylvia Masebo | Movement for Multi-Party Democracy | 2005 | 2006 |
| Kapembwa Simbao | | | 2011 |
| Joseph Kasonde | Patriotic Front | 2011 | 2016 |
| Chitalu Chilufya | Patriotic Front | 2016 | 2021 |
| Jonas Chanda | Patriotic Front | 2021 | |

### Deputy ministers

| Deputy Minister | Party | Term start | Term end |
| Nkandu Luo | Movement for Multi-Party Democracy | 1997 | 1999 |
| Chitalu Chilufya | Patriotic Front | 2015 | 2016 |
# María Ángeles Fernández Cuesta

María Ángeles Fernández Cuesta (La Pinturitas) (born 1950) is a Spanish self-taught artist known for her ongoing painting work which has transformed the facade of a derelict restaurant in Arguedas, Navarre into a continuously evolving visionary environment.

## Life

María Ángeles Fernández Cuesta was born in 1950 in Toledo, Spain. Before she was ten her mother died in childbirth. She spent her childhood in Toledo until moving with her father to Arguedas. In 1973 she married Miguel Galarret and they soon had three children. Much later she gave birth to another child. At times Fernández experienced emotional agitation, including an episode which led to her youngest child being taken into care by social services and housed elsewhere, resulting in a situation in which Fernández could not determine her child's location. Villagers mockingly called her La Pinturitas because of the extravagant makeup she often covered her face with. At 50 “para olvidar las penas”, to forget her pains, she began to paint. This activity became central to her existence, and a decade later she felt that “Me he ganado el respeto de los jóvenes”, she had gained the respect of the young people. She continues to paint as of 2018.

## Work

María Ángeles Fernández Cuesta began creating works which blended image: people, animals and faces, with text, as a means to express and ease troubling emotions, in 2000 when she was 50 years old. She chose to make her paintings on the exterior walls of a derelict building in Arguedas that was near a busy roadway. Her paintings came to completely cover the walls of the building in bright primary colored paintings that stretch fifty meters.

## Recognition

Photographer Hervé Couton discovered María Ángeles Fernández Cuesta's paintings in 2009 and has returned yearly to create photographs of her work, which have been published internationally in periodicals such as Raw Vision and on the internet.
In 2015 the society "Les Amis de La Pinturitas D'Arguedas", Friends of La Pinturitas of Arguedas, was established in Montauban, France.
# Memories That Last Forever 2

Memories That Last Forever 2 is a collaborative album by The Sarz Academy Alumni. It was released on July 19, 2023, by Sarz's record label 1789 under exclusive license to United Masters and in partnership with Warner Music. The album features seven vocalists and eight producers who are the 2022 Graduating class of the third Sarz Academy Masterclass.
The album is primarily an Afrofusion album and features elements of R&B and Dancehall. The album was a sequel to Memories That Last Forever EP which was the first body of work created by Sarz and three members of the second graduating set of The Sarz Academy; P.Priime, Tempo and Dunnie. The EP featured acts like Tiwa Savage, Niniola, Wizkid, Waje amongst others.

## Background

The Sarz Azademy alumni began recording Memories That Last Forever 2 during their masterclass period in 2022.
# Robert Palfrader

Robert Heinrich Palfrader (born 11 November 1968) is an Austrian actor, comedian and author.

## Biography

Palfrader was born in Vienna, of partly South Tyrolean origin (on his father's side, who hailed from St. Vigil). Originally, he was the owner of a café in Vienna's Josefstadt district. His career in entertainment started when he was discovered by an agency in Germany, where he was working for TV station SAT 1.
In Austria, he initially worked for local radio station Wien 1, before being employed by national broadcaster ORF. There he has mainly done comedy shows, the most popular being echt fett, a hidden camera prank show (based on British format Trigger Happy TV), and Wir sind Kaiser (We are Emperor), a political satire where the Austrian monarchy is restored. There, Palfrader plays the "Emperor Robert Heinrich" based on the Emperors of Austria.
On the theatre stage, he has been playing at Vienna's Rabenhof-Theater and at the city's Volkstheater, in plays by Ödön von Horvath and Ferenc Molnar.
# Membeca River

The Membeca River is a river of Mato Grosso state in western Brazil.
# List of high commissioners of Lesotho to Canada

The Lesotho High Commissioner to Canada is the position for a representative from the Basotho government to the country of Canada.
| High Commissioner | Start of Term | End of Term |
| Mots'eoa Senyane | September 19, 2006 | September 18, 2009 |
| Mathabo Tsepa | September 23, 2010 | October 25, 2016 |
# Archie Pratt

Archibald Herbert Pratt (31 January 1882 – 29 August 1941) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the South Melbourne Football Club, St Kilda Football Club and Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

He was the son of Vincent William Pratt (1840–1915), and Elizabeth Pratt, née Rettie.
# Maria Huybrechts

Maria Huybrechts (5 July 1930 – 15 September 2023) was a Belgian swimmer. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay at the 1948 Summer Olympics. Huybrechts died in Kapellen on 15 September 2023, at the age of 93.
# Allium praecox

Allium praecox is a species of wild onion known by the common name early onion.

## Distribution

It is native to the hills and mountains of southern California and Baja California, where it grows in shady areas in clay soils at elevations up to 800 m.
The species has been reported from Kern, San Bernardino, Los Angeles, Riverside, Santa Barbara, Orange and San Diego Counties. This includes some populations on the Channel Islands.

## Description

Allium praecox grows from a brownish or grayish bulb between one and two centimeters long. The scape is round in cross-section, up to 60 cm long. A single plant generally has two or three long, keeled leaves about the same length as the scape or sometimes a little longer.
The umble consistes up to 40 flowers, each on a long pedicel up to 4 cm long, the flowers up to 15 mm across. The tepals are pink with darker purple veins. Anthers are purple or yellow; pollen yellow.
# Antipolia

Antipolia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.
# Memories and Portraits

Memories and Portraits is a collection of essays by Robert Louis Stevenson, first published in 1887.

## Contents

* I. The Foreigner at Home
* II. Some College Memories
* III. Old Morality
* IV. A College Magazine
* V. An Old Scotch Gardener
* VI. Pastoral
* VII. The Manse
* VIII. Memories of an Islet
* IX. Thomas Stevenson
* X. Talk And Talkers: First Paper
* XI. Talk And Talkers: Second Paper
* XII. The Character of Dogs
* XIII. "A Penny Plain and Twopence Coloured"
* XIV. A Gossip on a Novel of Dumas's
* XV. A Gossip on Romance
* XVI. A Humble Remonstrance
# Robert P. Elmer

Robert Potter Elmer (1877 – 1951) was an American archer, archery instructor, and medical doctor. He won seven American national archery championships in 1911, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1919, 1920, and 1922. He also served as the president of the National Archery Association (NAA) from 1914 to 1920. He received the NAA's Thompson Medal of Honor in 1948. He also wrote several books about archery and gave instruction on archery to students including Franklin D. Roosevelt and Douglas Fairbanks. In 1973, he was inducted into the Archery Hall of Fame. Aside from his archery career he graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School and practiced medicine as a doctor for 47 years. He died in 1951 at age 73.
# Menegola

Menegola is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Sam Menegola (born 1992), Australian rules footballer
* Todd Menegola (born 1967), Australian rules footballer
# Arcuate fibers

Arcuate fibers can refer to:
* Internal arcuate fibers
* Anterior external arcuate fibers
* Posterior external arcuate fibers
# Max Huwyler

Max Huwyler (6 December 1931 – 28 January 2023) was a Swiss writer.

## Biography

Originally, Huwyler was a high school teacher in Zürich. He wrote several books for children, theatre plays, poetry, fiction stories, and radio plays. He co-authored with Walter Flückiger a book in the volumes titled Welt der Wörter (World of Words) in 1983. His works include further texts for children, plays for the school stage, radio plays, poems, and children's books. He also translated plays by Elias Canetti and Günter Grass into Swiss German.
Huwyler was awarded the Swiss Youth Book Award in 1993, the Schiller Foundation Award in 1996 and the Recognition Award of the Zug Canton, the Central Swiss Media Award of the DRS Radio and the Zons Radio Drama Award in 2004.

## Publications

* 2010: Das Zebra ist das Zebra Illustrated by Jürg Obrist. Atlantis-Verlag, Zürich, ISBN 978-3-7152-0581-6.
* 2003: D'Bremer Stadtmusikante und d'Gschicht vom föifte Bremer. Hörspiel Produktion, Zürich, ISBN 978-3-03739-014-6.
* 2000: De Stadtgarteschnägg script author. Zytglogge, Bern, ISBN 978-3-7296-0585-5.
* 1997: Das Nashorn und das Nashorn Wrote with Vera Eggermann. Zytglogge, Bern, ISBN 978-3-7296-0557-2.
* 1983: Welt der Wörter Wrote with Walter Flückiger, Lehrmittelverlag, Zürich, ISBN 390-674302-0.
# Shankar Bapu Apegaonkar

Shankar Bapu Apegaonkar, born Shankar Shinde, was an Indian classical musician and an exponent of the Indian percussion instrument by name pakhawaj. Born in 1911 in a Marathi family, he followed the Varkari tradition of music. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest Indian civilian honour of Padma Shri in 1986. Apegaonkar's son, Udhav Shinde, is also a known percussionist.