OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mangrol, Surat Assembly constituency

Mangrol is one of the 182 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Gujarat state in India. It is part of Surat district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes.

## List of segments

This assembly seat represents the following segments :
* Mangrol Taluka
* Umarpada Taluka

## Member of Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 2002 | Ganpat Vasava | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2007 | Ganpat Vasava | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2012 | Ganpat Vasava | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2017 | Ganpat Vasava | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2022 | Ganpat Vasava | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election results
### 2022

2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election:Mangrol, Surat :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Ganpatsinh Vestabhai Vasava | 93,669 | 55.69 |
| | AAP | Snehalkumar Ramsing Vasava | 42246 | 25.12 |
| | INC | Chaudhari Anilbhai Sumanbhai | 26718 | 15.89 |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 3111 | 1.85 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | | 39.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 220,316 | |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing | |

### 2017

Gujarat Legislative Assembly Election, 2017: Mangrol (Surat) :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | BJP | Ganpatsinh Vestabhai Vasava | 91,114 | 58.38 | +1.95 |
| | INC | Nansingbhai Nandariabhai Vasava | 50,315 | 32.24 | −2.04 |
| | BTP | Uttambhai Somabhai Vasava | 7,183 | 4.60 | New |
| | NCP | Jagatsinh Laljibhai Vasava | 2,569 | 1.65 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 40,799 | 26.14 | +3.99 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,56,079 | 77.74 | −3 |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing | | |

### 2012

2012 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election: Mangrol :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Ganpatsinh Vestabhai Vasava | 79,255 | 56.43 |
| | INC | Tejasbhai Chaudhari | 48,149 | 34.28 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 31,106 | 22.15 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,40,452 | 80.74 |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing | |

### 2007

2007 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election: Mangrol :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | BJP | Ganpatsinh Vestabhai Vasava | 64,357 | 50.55 | +4.89 |
| | INC | Ramanbhai Kansarbhai Chaudhari | 51,458 | 40.42 | +3.30 |
| | IND | Sureshbhai Vasava | 5,739 | 4.51 | New |
| | JD(U) | Hemantbhai Vasava | 3,633 | 2.85 | −9.79 |
| | BSP | Chhanabhai Vasava | 2,134 | 1.68 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | | 10.13 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,27,321 | | |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing | | |

### 2002

2002 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election: Mangrol :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Ganpatsinh Vestabhai Vasava | 51,227 | 45.66 |
| | INC | Ramanbhai Kansarbhai Chaudhari | 41,643 | 37.12 |
| | JD(U) | Anilbhai Bhagat | 14,179 | 12.64 |
| | BNP | Vikrambhai Vasava | 5,132 | 4.57 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | | 8.54 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,12,181 | 68.24 |
# Mandatory eight count

The mandatory eight count, also called a compulsory eight count, is a rule in boxing and kickboxing requiring the referee to give any fighter a count of eight seconds once they have been knocked down by their opponent, and before the fight is allowed to resume. Even if the fighter gets up before the count reaches eight, the referee is required to count to eight before checking if the fighter is able to continue unless they make a judgement call that the fighter cannot continue. The mandatory eight count is a part of the Unified Rules of Boxing as adopted by the Association of Boxing Commissions.

## History

The Marquess of Queensberry Rules, the base rules of boxing, defined that fighters should be given ten seconds to return to their feet after being knocked down. In 1953, the New York State Athletic Commission introduced the first mandatory eight count for all matches except championship matches. The move was done to protect boxers from unnecessary damage. Ten years later, the mandatory eight count was adopted for all matches in a regulation passed by the New York State Legislature. The mandatory eight count was first used in 1961 in a title fight for the bout between Floyd Patterson and Ingemar Johansson in Florida. Reaction to the new rule from the fighters was positive with Johansson saying "It was good that he had the eight-count" and Patterson said "The eight-count helped me, those extra few seconds gave my head a chance to clear." In 1997, the mandatory eight count was adopted by the World Kickboxing Association for professional kickboxing matches.
The mandatory eight count is different from the standing eight count, which gave the referee the power to pause the fight and start a count at his discretion if he felt a fighter was in trouble even if there was not a knockdown. In 1998, the Association of Boxing Commissions abolished the standing eight count, as it was felt that it gave an unfair advantage to the fighter whom it was issued against. However, the mandatory eight count was retained as a requirement in all knockdowns and is distinguished from the former standing eight count in the rules of professional boxing.
# Administrative Law Review

The Administrative Law Review was established in 1948 and is the official law journal of the American Bar Association Section of Administrative Law & Regulatory Practice.

## Overview

The journal is a quarterly publication managed and edited by approximately 90 students at the Washington College of Law. The 2024–2025 editor-in-chief is Jason D'Antonio.
The journal is ranked 60th out of 1,556 nationally-ranked law journals. For specialty law journals, the journal is ranked 7th out of 1,224. In the category of Administrative Law, it is ranked 2nd. The journal has been cited by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (which is known as the administrative law circuit), and since 2000 has been cited by the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Circuit Courts of Appeal. It also continues to be cited by the Supreme Court of the United States.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Current Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences
* EBSCO databases
* HeinOnline
* ProQuest databases
* Scopus
* Social Sciences Citation Index
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2019 impact factor of 2.059.

## Admissions

The journal selects staff members based on a competitive exercise that tests candidates on their editing, research, legal-analysis, and legal-writing skills. There is not a preset number of accepted candidates each year; recent classes of new editors have ranged from about 45 to 50. The candidate "write-on" exercise is distributed to candidates during their second semester at the law school. An optional "grade-on" process allows students to become staff members based solely on their grades. Transfer students are also eligible for admission through a fall write-on process.
# Romanian Brazilians

Romanian Brazilians (Romeno-brasileiro) are Brazilians of full, partial, or predominantly Romanian descent, or Romanian-born people residing in Brazil. According to 2008 estimates, there are around 200,000 Romanians or people of Romanian descent currently living in Brazil, although the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania says there only are 7,393 Romanian citizens in Brazil and up to 40,000 Brazilians with some Romanian ancestry.

## History

In the beginning of the 20th century, migrants from Romania (and specifically from the Romanian province of Bessarabia (modern-day Moldova)) immigrated to Brazil. Among the Romanians, many were ethnic Germans, Jews and Poles who resided in Romania at the time. There were many reasons why Romanians emigrated to foreign countries: economic underdevelopment, political reasons and for reasons of adventure and exploration. But for the majority of people who left their homes at the time the main reason was the economic situation. Romanian immigrants settled in several communities in the extreme west of Santa Catarina, mainly Mondaí and Itapiranga. In the community of Linha Santo Antônio, in the interior of the municipality of Itapiranga, there is today a replica of a cross in honor of the village of Krasna.

## Notable Romanian Brazilians

| Angélica (television host) | Cláudia Costin | Aron Simis |
* Dora Bria, windsurfing champion
* Nicolao Dumitru, football player
# Tarpetes

The Tarpetes were an ancient people who once lived along the Maeotian marshes Palus Maeotis, in present-day Russia. The Tarpetes were one of many groups in that area that vanished, leaving little or no trace. Strabo describes them living among the Maeotae, Sindi, Dandarii, Toreatae, Agri, Arrechi, Obidiaceni, Sittaceni, Dosci, and Aspurgiani, among others. To date, the archaeological trail is very scanty.
# Adria (automobile)

The Adria was an American assembled car that was promoted though not actually mass-produced. The address of the makers was given as Batavia, New York. About 20 to 40 prototypes were built from 1921 to 1922, but that was as far as the project went. The five-seat touring car was advertised at US$1495.
It was to have a four-cylinder 2932 cc engine made by Supreme and a 3-part frame chassis, which resulted in a patent dispute with Parenti Motors.
# Manafwa

Manafwa is a town in the Eastern Region of Uganda. It is the largest town in Manafwa District and the site of the district headquarters.

## Location

Manafwa is located approximately 32 kilometres (20 mi), by road, southeast of the city of Mbale, the largest metropolitan area in the sub-region. This is approximately 247 kilometres (153 mi), northeast of Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city. The coordinates of Manafwa Town are 0°55'11.0"N, 34°17'28.0"E (Latitude:0.919723; Longitude:34.291099). Manafwa Town Council sits at an average elevation of 1,196 metres (3,924 ft), above mean sea level. The town is located within Mount Elgon National Park and is surrounded by tropical mountainous terrain.

## Population

The national population census in 2002 put the town population at about 11,740. In 2010, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) estimated the population at 15,400. In 2011, UBOS estimated the mid-year population at 15,800.
In 2015, UBOS estimated the population of the town at 14,200. In 2020, the population agency estimate the mid-year population of Manafwa Town Council at 16,000. Of these, 8,200 (51.2 percent were female) and 7.800 (48.8 percent) were male. UBOS calculated that the town's population grew at an average rate of 2.4 percent annually, between 2015 and 2020.

## Points of interest

The following additional points of interest lie within the town limits or near the edges of town:
1. The offices of Manafwa Town Council
2. Manafwa Central Market
3. A mobile branch of PostBank Uganda
4. Manafwa River, immediately south of town
5. Stanbic Bank Uganda Limited maintains a branch in Manafwa town.
# Manafwa District

Manafwa District is a district in the Eastern Region of Uganda. Manafwa is the district headquarters.

## Location

Manafwa District is bordered by Bududa District to the north, Kenya to the east and south, Tororo District to the south-west, and Mbale District to the west. The district headquarters at Manafwa are located approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi), by road, south-east of Mbale, the largest city of in the sub-region.

## Overview

Manafwa District was created in 2005. Previously, it was part of Mbale District, together with Sironko District. The total surface area of the district is estimated at 602.1 square kilometres (232.5 sq mi). In 2006, the northern part of Manafwa District was carved off to form Bududa District. It is made up of 1 county and 18 rural sub-counties, 4 town councils, 3 traditional divisions (Buwagogo, Bugobero and Butiru), 81 parishes and 862 villages.

## Population

In 1991, the national population census estimated the district population at 178,500. The 2002 census estimated the population at 262,600 inhabitants. In 2012, the population was estimated at 367,500.
# Manhattan, Kansas, metropolitan area

The Manhattan–Junction City Combined Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in northeastern Kansas, anchored by the city of Manhattan. It was upgraded from a Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA) to a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) by the Office of Management and Budget on November 20, 2008. It was changed from a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) to a Combined Statistical Area (CSA) by the Office of Management and Budget on February 28, 2013.
As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 127,081. As of July 1, 2014, the CSA had an estimated population of 134,804, making it the fourth largest urban area in Kansas.

## Counties

* Geary
* Pottawatomie
* Riley

## Communities
### Places with more than 50,000 inhabitants

* Manhattan (Principal city) Pop: 54,100

### Places with 1,000 to 25,000 inhabitants

* Junction City Pop: 22,932
* Fort Riley (census-designated place) Pop: 9,230
* Wamego Pop: 4,841
* St. Marys Pop: 2,759
* Grandview Plaza Pop: 1,661
* Ogden Pop: 1,560
* St. George Pop: 1,054

### Places with 500 to 1,000 inhabitants

* Riley Pop: 938
* Westmoreland Pop: 740
* Onaga Pop: 679

### Places with less than 500 inhabitants

* Leonardville Pop: 432
* Milford Pop: 408
* Olsburg Pop: 218
* Belvue Pop: 177
* Emmett Pop: 170
* Randolph Pop: 159
* Louisville Pop: 131
* Havensville Pop: 119
* Wheaton Pop: 98

### Unincorporated places

* Ashland
* Bala
* Keats
* Rocky Ford
* Wreford
* Zeandale

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 108,999 people, 39,366 households, and 24,774 families residing within the MSA. The racial makeup of the MSA was 81.42% White, 9.73% African American, 0.65% Native American, 2.72% Asian, 0.20% Pacific Islander, 2.24% from other races, and 3.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.18% of the population.
The median income for a household in the MSA was $34,712, and the median income for a family was $43,374. Males had a median income of $28,055 versus $22,821 for females. The per capita income for the MSA was $16,778.
# Mandevilla × amabilis

Mandevilla × amabilis is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It was described in 1974 in the journal Baileya. Also known as Alice du Pont.

## Description

Evergreen climbing plant with opposite leaves of thick, rugose texture, with prominent venation. Flowers are pink with a yellow throat.

## Range

The species has no natural range, having originated in cultivation in the mid-19th century. It is thought to be a hybrid between Mandevilla splendens and another, unknown species. Conversely, one source says that it is a natural hybrid occurring in Brazil.

## Taxonomy

In a molecular analysis, M. × amabilis forms a sister clade to a complex that includes the natural species M. boliviensis and the Sundaville hybrids.
# List of ambassadors of Saint Kitts and Nevis to Taiwan

The Kittitian and Nevisian ambassadrice in Taipei is the official representative of the Government in Basseterre to the Government of Taiwan.

## List of representatives

| Diplomatic agrément/Diplomatic accreditation | Ambassador | Observations | List of prime ministers of Saint Kitts and Nevis | List of premiers of the Republic of China | Term end |
| October 9, 1983 | | The governments in Basseterre and Taipei established diplomatic relations. | Kennedy Simmonds | Sun Yun-suan | |
| December 2007 | Jasmine Elise Huggins | She was graduated at the Howard University School of Law in Washington D.C. Till December 2007 she was employed at the Embassy and Permanent mission of St. Kitts and Nevis in Washington D.C. As Alternate Representative to the Organization of American States and part of the CARICOM Alternates group, she led in negotiating Inter-American declarations, conventions and resolutions in the Councils and Committees of the OAS. In December 2007 as Chargé d’affaires established the Embassy of St. Kitts and Nevis in Taipei. In 2009 she was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. | Denzil Douglas | Chang Chun-hsiung | |
| April 20, 2010 | Jasmine Elise Huggins | The Federation of St Kitts and Nevis has upgraded its representative to Taiwan from charge d'affaires to resident ambassador. | Denzil Douglas | Wu Den-yih | present |
25°07′02″N 121°31′27″E﻿ / ﻿25.117193°N 121.524186°E﻿ / 25.117193; 121.524186
# Manisan

Manisan may refer to:
* Manisan (Incheon), a mountain of South Korea
* Manisan (Chungcheongbuk-do), a mountain of South Korea
# 2008 Cuban President of the Council of State election

An indirect presidential election was held in Cuba on 24 February 2008, in which the National Assembly of People's Power elected a new President of the Council of State and the members of the Council of State. The election followed the January 2008 parliamentary election. In the election, Raúl Castro, who had been Acting President since July 2006, was elected as President of the Council of State, succeeding his older brother, Fidel Castro.
It was initially considered uncertain whether the ailing 81-year-old Fidel Castro would be elected for another term as President of the Council of State or acting president Raúl Castro would formally assume the presidency, but on 19 February Fidel Castro said that he would not seek another term because his physical condition would not allow him to properly carry out the duties of the office.
Raúl Castro, aged 76, was elected as President of the Council of State and the Council of Ministers by a unanimous vote of the National Assembly (on a ballot with only his name for the position) on 24 February 2008. José Ramón Machado Ventura, at age 77, was elected as First Vice-President of the Council of State and the Council of Ministers, contrary to speculation that someone younger would be chosen for the post. Raúl emphasized that his brother remained "Commander in Chief of the Cuban Revolution", and the National Assembly voted to permit Raúl to consult with Fidel on important issues.
600 deputies chose to cast united votes for all Council of State candidates, while nine deputies cast selective votes. Castro was elected with a unanimous vote of 609 deputies, while Machado received 601 votes. Juan Almeida Bosque, Abelardo Colomé Ibarra, Carlos Lage Dávila, Esteban Lazo Hernández, and Julio Casas Regueiro were elected as Vice-Presidents of the Council of State, all receiving 608 votes except for Lage, who received 609. José Miyar Barruecos was elected as Secretary of the Council of State with 608 votes. 23 other members of the Council of State were elected:
* José Ramón Balaguer Cabrera (608 votes)
* Iris Betancourt Téllez (609 votes)
* Roberto Fernández Retamar (609 votes)
* Luis Herrera Martínez (608 votes)
* Orlando Lugo Fonte (608 votes)
* Felipe Pérez Roque (609 votes)
* Pedro Sáez Montejo (609 votes)
* Ramiro Valdés Menéndez (608 votes)
* Francisco Soberón Valdés (608 votes)
* Carlos Valenciaga Díaz (609 votes)
* Surina Acosta Brook (609 votes)
* Regla Dayamí Armenteros Mesa (609 votes)
* Leopoldo Cintra Frías (609 votes)
* Inés María Chapman Waugh (609 votes)
* María del Carmen Concepción González (608 votes)
* María Yolanda Ferrer Gómez (609 votes)
* Guillermo García Frías (608 votes)
* Tania León Silveira (609 votes)
* Álvaro López Miera (608 votes)
* Julio Martínez Ramírez (609 votes)
* Dignora Montano Perdomo (609 votes)
* Juan José Rabilero Fonseca (606 votes)
* Salvador Valdés Mesa (609 votes)
# List of highways numbered 475

Route 475 or Highway 475 may refer to:

## Canada

* Manitoba Provincial Road 475
* New Brunswick Route 475

## Japan

* Japan National Route 475

## United States

* Interstate 475
* Florida State Road 475
* Louisiana Highway 475
* Maryland Route 475
* Mississippi Highway 475
* New Mexico State Road 475
* Pennsylvania Route 475
* Puerto Rico Highway 475
* Tennessee State Route 475
* Texas:
** Texas State Highway Loop 475
** Farm to Market Road 475
** Ranch to Market Road 475 (former)
| Preceded by 474 | Lists of highways 475 | Succeeded by 476 |
# Lac Chauvet

Lac Chauvet is a lake in Picherande, Puy-de-Dôme, France. At an elevation of 1176 m, its surface area is 0.54 km².
# Lambas

Lambas may referred to:
* Lamba people
* Lambas, Russia
# Kunanalling, Western Australia

Kunanalling is an abandoned town in Western Australia located between Coolgardie and Balgarri along the Coolgardie North Road in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia. It is located in the Shire of Coolgardie.
In 1895 gold was discovered in the area by prospectors and it was initially known as 25 mile, its distance from Coolgardie. The goldfields warden recommended that a townsite be declared in the same area. The town was also called Connanalling but the spelling was changed by the Lands Department when the town was gazetted in 1896. By early 1898 the town had a population of 360 people, and later grew to approximately 800 people.
The ruins of a hotel and three chimneys still remain in the old townsite.
# Tapling Collection

The Tapling Collection of postage stamps was donated to the British Museum from the estate of Thomas Tapling in 1891.
The probate value of the Tapling collection was set at £12,000 but on arrival Richard Garnett (assistant keeper of Printed Books) estimated their value at more than £50,000 and described the bequest as the most valuable gift since the Grenville Library in 1847 (equivalent to £24,000,000 in 2011).
It is held in the Philatelic Collections of the British Library and selected items are on permanent public exhibition.
The collection covers the period 1840 to 1890 with some items up to 1900 added subsequently and recorded on the album pages. As of January 2009 the stamps were held in 72 boxes and the postal stationery part held in 113 albums and seven boxes.

## Highlights

The collection features these rarities:
* Gold Coast: 1883 (May) 1d on 4d magenta, unique
* Great Britain: 1858-79 1d red, plate 77, one of a few known
* Hawaii: 1851-52 2 cents to 13 cents (both types), the "Missionaries"
* India: 1854 4 annas blue and pale red, error head inverted, two used on a cover, unique
* Mauritius: 1847 1d red used on cover and 2d blue, the "Post Office" issue
* Spain: 1851 2 reales, error of colour, one of three known
* Switzerland: Zürich: 1843 4 rappen, the unique unsevered horizontal strip of five
* Uruguay: 1858 120 centavos blue and 180 centavos green, in tête beche pairs, two of five known
* Western Australia: 1854-55 4d blue, error frame inverted
The collection also includes a significant number of colour varieties of early United States postal issues.